29 CFR 1915.153 - Eye and face protection.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... protection that incorporates the prescription in its design, unless the employee is protected by eye... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Eye and face protection. 1915.153 Section 1915.153 Labor... (PPE) § 1915.153 Eye and face protection. (a) General requirements. (1) The employer shall ensure that...

29 CFR 1915.155 - Head protection.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Head protection. 1915.155 Section 1915.155 Labor... helmets. (1) Head protection must comply with any of the following consensus standards: (i) ANSI Z89.1... as head protection devices that are constructed in accordance with one of the above consensus...

29 CFR 1915.134 - Abrasive wheels.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Abrasive wheels. 1915.134 Section 1915.134 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR... wheels shall fit freely on the spindle and shall not be forced on. The spindle nut shall be tightened...

29 CFR 1915.156 - Foot protection.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Foot protection. 1915.156 Section 1915.156 Labor... comply with any of the following consensus standards: (i) ASTM F-2412-2005, “Standard Test Methods for... effective as protective footwear that is constructed in accordance with one of the above consensus standards...

29 CFR 1915.159 - Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). 1915.159 Section 1915... Protective Equipment (PPE) § 1915.159 Personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). The criteria of this section apply to PFAS and their use. Effective January 1, 1998, body belts and non-locking snaphooks are not...

Identification of a Csr system in Serratia marcescens 2170.

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, Manabu; Nomura, Kazuki; Sugimoto, Hayuki; Watanabe, Takeshi; Suzuki, Kazushi

2014-01-01

The carbon storage regulator (Csr) global regulatory system is conserved in many eubacteria and coordinates the expression of various genes that facilitate adaptation during the major physiological growth phase. The Csr system in Escherichia coli comprises an RNA-binding protein, CsrA; small non-coding RNAs, CsrB and CsrC; and a decay factor for small RNAs, CsrD. In this study, we identified the Csr system in Serratia marcescens 2170. S. marcescens CsrA was 97% identical to E. coli CsrA. CsrB and CsrC RNAs had typical stem-loop structures, including a GGA motif that is the CsrA binding site. CsrD was composed of N-terminal two times transmembrane region and HAMP-like, GGDEF, and EAL domains. Overexpression of S. marcescens csr genes complemented the phenotype of E. coli csr mutants. S. marcescens CsrD affected the decay of CsrB and CsrC RNAs in E. coli. These results suggest that the Csr system in S. marcescens is composed of an RNA-binding protein, two Csr small RNAs, and a decay factor for Csr small RNAs.

29 CFR 1915.73 - Guarding of deck openings and edges.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Guarding of deck openings and edges. 1915.73 Section 1915.73 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION..., Ladders and Other Working Surfaces § 1915.73 Guarding of deck openings and edges. (a) The provisions of...

29 CFR 1915.5 - Incorporation by reference.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting, IBR approved for § 1915.505(e)(4)(ii). (iii) NFPA 1976-2000, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Proximity Fire Fighting, IBR approved for § 1915.505(e)(5). (iv) NFPA...) NFPA 1983-2001, Standard on Fire Service Life Safety Rope and System Components, IBR approved for...

Evidence for detection of 1--10 MeV emission from the Taurus region in 1971 August

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gruber, D.E.; Ling, J.C.

1977-01-01

The Taurus region was scanned in mid-1971 during three balloon flights with an actively shielded NaI detector sensitive between 0.2 and 10 MeV. Below 1 MeV, these observations yielded measurements and upper limits consistent with extensions of the X-ray power laws of 0.0035 (E/1 MeV) -2 /sup ./ 2 photons (cm 2 s MeV) -1 and 0.0008(E/1 MeV) -2 /sup ./ 1 photons (cm 2 s MeV) -1 for the Crab Nebula and NP 0532, respectively. Above 1 MeV an apparent unpulsed flux, enhanced well above the extrapolated Crab Nebula power law, was observed during the 1971 August 8 flight; it was the most sensitive of the three. For the NP 0532 above 1 MeV on the same date, the measured upper limit of a factor of 8 above the extrapolated power law excludes only the possibility of a large flare-up. The possibility that the observation reported here for 1971 August 8 was a purely instrumental effect, or was produced by environmental radiations, is thoroughly examined, with negative results. If of cosmic origin, the emission must have been short-term (approx.days, months), because other observations in 1973 and 1974 have shown null results. The possibility of variable MeV range emission is discussed in the context of other reported variable emissions in recent years from the Crab and the Taurus region

Theoretical calculation of n + {sup 59}Co reaction in energy region up to 100 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Qingbiao, Shen; Baosheng, Yu; Dunjiu, Cai [Chinese Nuclear Data Center, Beijing, BJ (China)

1996-06-01

A set of neutron optical potential parameters for {sup 59}Co in energy region of 2{approx}100 MeV was obtained based on concerned experimental data. Various cross sections of n + {sup 59}Co reactions were calculated and predicted. The calculated results show that the activation products {sup 58,57}Co, {sup 59}Fe and {sup 56}Mn are main neutron monitor reaction products for n + {sup 59}Co reaction in energy range up to 100 MeV. {sup 54}Mn production reaction can be a promising neutron monitor reaction in the energy region from 30 to 100 MeV. (6 figs.).

New results on strangeness +-1 Baryons presented at Palermo conference, 1975

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ross, R.T.

1975-07-01

The low energy K - p data situation is summarised. Two new S = -1 two body phase shift analyses are discussed. These cover the c.m. energy regions 1480 to 2170MeV and 2060 to 2400MeV. New data from Ksub(L)sup(0)p→Ksub(S)sup(0)p, Λπ + , Σ 0 π + from two experiments are compared and the conclusions concerning Z 0 amplitudes are discussed. (author)

29 CFR 1915.1002 - Coal tar pitch volatiles; interpretation of term.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Coal tar pitch volatiles; interpretation of term. 1915.1002 Section 1915.1002 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH... Toxic and Hazardous Substances § 1915.1002 Coal tar pitch volatiles; interpretation of term. Note: The...

A new species of the genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915 (Diptera, Chironomidae from Oriental China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xin Qi

2012-07-01

Full Text Available A new species of the genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915, M. zhejiangensis sp.n., is described, and its morphological description and illustrations are given. A catalogue of the genus in Oriental Region is provided and a key to the males of Microtendipes in the Oriental Region is given.

29 CFR 1915.13 - Cleaning and other cold work.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... affecting cleaning and cold work. ... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Cleaning and other cold work. 1915.13 Section 1915.13 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR...

40 CFR 60.1915 - What is yard waste?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What is yard waste? 60.1915 Section 60... Municipal Waste Combustion Units Constructed on or Before August 30, 1999 Model Rule-Air Curtain Incinerators That Burn 100 Percent Yard Waste § 60.1915 What is yard waste? Yard waste is grass, grass...

Measures of gamma rays between 0,3 MeV and 3,0 MeV and of the 0,511 MeV annihilation line coming from Galactic Center Region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jardim, M.V.A.

1982-04-01

The detection of the flux of the electron-positron annihilation line coming from the Galactic Center direction allows one to estimate the rate of positrons production and the corresponding luminosity. The results of measurements of the annihilation line flux intensity at 0.511 MeV, obtained with a balloon borne experiment to measure gamma rays in the energy interval 0.3 to 3 MeV are presented. The detector looked at the galactic disk in the longitude interval -31 0 0 and observed a flux intensity of (6.70 +- 0.85) x 10 -3 photons cm -2 s -1 , which is in good agreement with the flux value estimated assuming that the Galactic Center is a line source emitting uniformly. Some likely sources of positrons and annhilation regions are also discussed. The results for the continuum spectrum emitted from the Galactic Center in the energy interval 0.3 to 0.67 MeV are presented and compared with measurements had already made. (Author) [pt

Alpha particles from the photodisintegration of 9Be in the photon energy region 18 to 26 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buchnea, A.; Johnson, R.G.; McNeill, K.G.

1978-01-01

Alpha particles from the 9 Be(γ,n) 8 Be(16.6) and 9 Be(γ,α 0 ) 5 He reactions were studied in the photon energy region 18 to 26 MeV; the results yielded a combined integrated cross section of 13.1 +- 2 MeV mb and an upper limit on the integrated (γ,α 0 ) cross section of 4.0 MeV mb. This agrees within error with the integrated cross section of Becchi, Meneghetti, Sanzone, and Vitale, 10 +- 2 MeV mb, which would contain about 50% of any contribution from the (γ,α 0 ) reaction. These reactions together with the 9 Be(γ,n 1 ) 8 Be reaction (which has an integrated cross section of 2.4 +- 0.4 MeV mb) are the major reaction channels contributing to the total photoneutron cross section in this energy region. Their sum, 15.5 MeV mb, agrees well with the results of Nathans and Halpern and Hughes, Sambell, Muirhead, and Spicer but disagrees with that of Costa, Pasqualini, Piragino, and Roasio. (author)

29 CFR 1915.33 - Chemical paint and preservative removers.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Chemical paint and preservative removers. 1915.33 Section... Preparation and Preservation § 1915.33 Chemical paint and preservative removers. (a) Employees shall be protected against skin contact during the handling and application of chemical paint and preservative...

29 CFR 1915.181 - Electrical circuits and distribution boards.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Electrical circuits and distribution boards. 1915.181... Electrical Machinery § 1915.181 Electrical circuits and distribution boards. (a) The provisions of this... employee is permitted to work on an electrical circuit, except when the circuit must remain energized for...

10 CFR 19.15 - Consultation with workers during inspections.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 10 Energy 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Consultation with workers during inspections. 19.15...: INSPECTION AND INVESTIGATIONS § 19.15 Consultation with workers during inspections. (a) Commission inspectors... inspectors deem necessary for the conduct of an effective and thorough inspection. (b) During the course of...

Revelations of X-ray spectral analysis of the enigmatic black hole binary GRS 1915+105

Science.gov (United States)

Peris, Charith; Remillard, Ronald A.; Steiner, James; Vrtilek, Saeqa Dil; Varniere, Peggy; Rodriguez, Jerome; Pooley, Guy

2016-01-01

Of the black hole binaries discovered thus far, GRS 1915+105 stands out as an exceptional source primarily due to its wild X-ray variability, the diversity of which has not been replicated in any other stellar-mass black hole. Although extreme variability is commonplace in its light-curve, about half of the observations of GRS1915+105 show fairly steady X-ray intensity. We report on the X-ray spectral behavior within these steady observations. Our work is based on a vast RXTE/PCA data set obtained on GRS 1915+105 during the course of its entire mission and 10 years of radio data from the Ryle Telescope, which overlap the X-ray data. We find that the steady observations within the X-ray data set naturally separate into two regions in a color-color diagram, which we refer to as steady-soft and steady-hard. GRS 1915+105 displays significant curvature in the Comptonization component within the PCA band pass suggesting significantly heating from a hot disk present in all states. A new Comptonization model 'simplcut' was developed in order to model this curvature to best effect. A majority of the steady-soft observations display a roughly constant inner radius; remarkably reminiscent of canonical soft state black hole binaries. In contrast, the steady-hard observations display a growing disk truncation that is correlated to the mass accretion rate through the disk, which suggests a magnetically truncated disk. A comparison of X-ray model parameters to the canonical state definitions show that almost all steady-soft observations match the criteria of either thermal or steep power law state, while the thermal state observations dominate the constant radius branch. A large portion (80%) of the steady-hard observations matches the hard state criteria when the disk fraction constraint is neglected. These results suggest that within the complexity of this source is a simpler underlying basis of states, which map to those observed in canonical black hole binaries. When

29 CFR 1915.91 - Housekeeping.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Working Conditions § 1915.91... present a hazard to employees. (c) Slippery conditions on walkways or working surfaces shall be eliminated...

The outburst duration and duty cycle of GRS1915+105

Science.gov (United States)

Deegan, Patrick; Combet, Céline; Wynn, Graham A.

2009-12-01

The extraordinarily long outburst of GRS1915+105 makes it one of the most remarkable low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). It has been in a state of constant outburst since its discovery in 1992, an eruption which has persisted ~100 times longer than those of more typical LXMBs. The long orbital period of GRS1915+105 implies that it contains large and massive accretion disc which is able to fuel its extreme outburst. In this paper, we address the longevity of the outburst and quiescence phases of GRS1915+105 using smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of its accretion disc through many outburst cycles. Our model is set in the two-α framework and includes the effects of the thermoviscous instability, tidal torques, irradiation by central X-rays and wind mass loss. We explore the model parameter space and examine the impact of the various ingredients. We predict that the outburst of GRS1915+105 should last a minimum of 20yr and possibly up to ~100yr if X-ray irradiation is very significant. The predicted recurrence times are of the order of 104yr, making the X-ray duty cycle a few 0.1 per cent. Such a low duty cycle may mean that GRS1915+105 is not an anomaly among the more standard LMXBs and that many similar, but quiescent, systems could be present in the Galaxy.

29 CFR 1915.92 - Illumination.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Working Conditions § 1915.92...) All means of access and walkways leading to working areas as well as the working areas themselves...

29 CFR 1915.93 - Utilities.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Working Conditions § 1915.93 Utilities... a pressure not exceeding the safe working pressure of the vessel's system in its present condition...

29 CFR 1915.136 - Internal combustion engines, other than ship's equipment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Internal combustion engines, other than ship's equipment. 1915.136 Section 1915.136 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT Tools and Related Equipment §...

[Developments in medical units. 1915].

Science.gov (United States)

Fajardo-Ortiz, Guillermo

2016-01-01

In 1915 the political, economic, and social instability initiated the destruction of medical units; they had no administrative bases and they lacked the resources. However, needs encouraged that structures arose to meet the wounded, fractured, and traumatized, called “blood” hospitals and so-called crosses and sanitary trains.

15 CFR 19.15 - How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 15 Commerce and Foreign Trade 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will Commerce entities refer Commerce debts to private collection agencies? 19.15 Section 19.15 Commerce and Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce COMMERCE DEBT COLLECTION Procedures To Collect Commerce Debts § 19.15 How will...

Infrared spectroscopy of the superluminal Galactic source GRS 1915+105 during the 1994 September outburst

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

CastroTirado, A.J.; Geballe, T.R.; Lund, Niels

1996-01-01

observed in SS 433, suggesting that the ionized regions in the new source are not related to the twin beams of energetic particles that are believed to be responsible for the observed radio lobes. In contrast to Cygnus X-3, where the companion is likely to be a Wolf-Rayet star, we suggest that GRS 1915...

Multi-Wavelength Monitoring of GRS 1915+105

Science.gov (United States)

Bandyopadhyay, R.; Martini, P.; Gerard, E.; Charles, P. A.; Wagner, R. M.; Shrader, C.; Shahbaz, T.; Mirabel, I. F.

1997-01-01

Since its discovery in 1992, the superluminal X-ray transient GRS 1915+105 has been extensively observed in an attempt to understand its behaviour. We present here first results from a multi-wavelength campaign undertaken from July to September 1996. This study includes X-ray data from the RXTE All Sky Monitor and BATSE, two-frequency data from the Nancay radio telescope, and infrared photometry from the 1.8 m Perkins telescope at Lowell Observatory. The first long-term well-sampled IR light curve of GRS 1915+105 is presented herein and is consistent with the interpretation of this source as a long-period binary. We compare the various light curves, searching for correlations in the behaviour of the source at differing wavelengths and for possible periodicities.

29 CFR 1915.505 - Fire response.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... accomplished; (3) Set up an incident management system to coordinate and direct fire response functions...-2000 Standard on Protective Ensemble for Structural Fire Fighting (incorporated by reference, see... for Proximity Fire Fighting (incorporated by reference, see § 1915.5). (6) Personal Alert Safety...

Beam tracking simulation in the central region of a 13 MeV PET cyclotron

Science.gov (United States)

Anggraita, Pramudita; Santosa, Budi; Taufik, Mulyani, Emy; Diah, Frida Iswinning

2012-06-01

This paper reports the trajectories simulation of proton beam in the central region of a 13 MeV PET cyclotron, operating with negative proton beam (for easier beam extraction using a stripper foil), 40 kV peak accelerating dee voltage at fourth harmonic frequency of 77.88 MHz, and average magnetic field of 1.275 T. The central region covers fields of 240mm × 240mm × 30mm size at 1mm resolution. The calculation was also done at finer 0.25mm resolution covering fields of 30mm × 30mm × 4mm size to see the effects of 0.55mm horizontal width of the ion source window and the halted trajectories of positive proton beam. The simulations show up to 7 turns of orbital trajectories, reaching about 1 MeV of beam energy. The distribution of accelerating electric fields and magnetic fields inside the cyclotron were calculated in 3 dimension using Opera3D code and Tosca modules for static magnetic and electric fields. The trajectory simulation was carried out using Scilab 5.3.3 code.

Mapping jet-ISM interactions in X-ray binaries with ALMA: a GRS 1915+105 case study

Science.gov (United States)

Tetarenko, A. J.; Freeman, P.; Rosolowsky, E. W.; Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Sivakoff, G. R.

2018-03-01

We present Atacama Large Millimetre/Sub-Millimetre Array (ALMA) observations of IRAS 19132+1035, a candidate jet-interstellar medium (ISM) interaction zone near the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) GRS 1915+105. With these ALMA observations (combining data from the 12 m array and the Atacama Compact Array), we map the molecular line emission across the IRAS 19132+1035 region. We detect emission from the 12CO [J = 2 - 1], 13CO [ν = 0, J = 2 - 1], C18O [J = 2 - 1], H2CO [J = 30, 3 - 20, 2], H2CO [J = 32, 2 - 22, 1], H2CO [J = 32, 1 - 22, 0], SiO [ν = 0, J = 5 - 4], CH3OH [J = 42, 2 - 31, 2], and CS [ν = 0, J = 5 - 4] transitions. Given the morphological, spectral, and kinematic properties of this molecular emission, we present several lines of evidence that support the presence of a jet-ISM interaction at this site, including a jet-blown cavity in the molecular gas. This compelling new evidence identifies this site as a jet-ISM interaction zone, making GRS 1915+105, the third Galactic BHXB with at least one conclusive jet-ISM interaction zone. However, we find that this interaction occurs on much smaller scales than was postulated by previous work, where the BHXB jet does not appear to be dominantly powering the entire IRAS 19132+1035 region. Using estimates of the ISM conditions in the region, we utilize the detected cavity as a calorimeter to estimate the time-averaged power carried in the GRS 1915+105 jets of (8.4^{+7.7}_{-8.1})× 10^{32} erg s^{-1}. Overall, our analysis demonstrates that molecular lines are excellent diagnostic tools to identify and probe jet-ISM interaction zones near Galactic BHXBs.

29 CFR 1915.7 - Competent person.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General Provisions § 1915.7 Competent person... while work in the spaces is in progress. The records shall be kept on file for a period of at least...

New data on $K^{-}p \\rightarrow K^{-}p $and $\\overline{K}^{0}n$ and a partial wave analysis between 1840 and 2234 MeV center of mass energy

CERN Document Server

Hemingway, Richard J; Harmsen D M; Kiesling, C; Petersen, J O; Plane, D E; Putzer, A; Wittex, W; Eades, J no 1; Harmsen D M no 1; Hemingway, R J no 1; Kiesling, C no 3; Petersen, J O no 1; Plane, D E no 3; Putzer, A no 2; Wittex, W no 3

1975-01-01

The angular distributions of the reactions K/sup -/p to K/sup -/p and K/sup -/p to K/sup 0/n have been measured at 23 incident K/sup -/ momenta between 1.136 and 1.798 GeV/c using the bubble chamber technique. These data, together with other published data on the same reactions, including K/sup -/p polarisations, KN total cross sections and measurements of Re f(0)/Im f(0), have been analysed in terms of partial-wave amplitudes. Resonance behaviour is confirmed for the P /sub 03/ partial wave at 1890 MeV. The resonance parameters of the F /sub 15/(1915), F/sub 17/(2030) and G/sub 07/(2100) have been redetermined. No evidence has been found for new resonances coupling significantly to KN in the energy region explored. (24 refs).

Neutron cross section standards for the energy region above 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-01-01

These proceedings of a specialists' meeting on Neutron cross section standards for the energy region above 20 MeV are divided into 6 sessions bearing on: - session 1: status of the date base for (n-p) scattering (2 conferences) - session 2: status of nucleon-nucleon phase shift calculations (1 conference) - session 3: recent and planned experimental work on n-p cross section measurements and facilities (7 conferences) - session 4: Instruments for utilizing the H (n.n) standard for neutron fluence measurement (4 conferences) - session 5: proposal for other neutron cross-section standards (4 conferences) - session 6: monitor reactions for radiation dosimetry (3 conferences)

Production of the exotic 1{sup --} hadrons {phi}(2170), X(4260) and Y{sub b}(10890) at the LHC and Tevatron via the Drell-Yan mechanism

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ali, Ahmed; Wang, Wei

2011-03-15

We calculate the Drell-Yan production cross sections and differential distributions in the transverse momentum and rapidity of the J{sup PC}=1{sup --} exotic hadrons {phi}(2170), X(4260) and Y{sub b}(10890) at the hadron colliders LHC and the Tevatron. These hadrons are tetraquark (four-quark) candidates, with a hidden s anti s, c anti c and b anti b quark pair, respectively. In deriving the distributions and cross sections, we include the order {alpha}{sub s} QCD corrections, resum the large logarithms in the small transverse momentum region in the impact-parameter formalism, and use the state of the art parton distribution functions. Taking into account the data on the production and decays of these vector hadrons from the e{sup +}e{sup -} experiments, we present the production rates for the processes pp(anti p){yields} {phi}(2170)({yields} {phi}(1020){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})+.., pp(anti p){yields} X(4260)({yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})+.., and pp(anti p){yields} Y{sub b}(10890)({yields} ({upsilon}(1S), {upsilon}(2S), {upsilon}(3S)){pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})+.. Their measurements at the hadron colliders will provide new experimental avenues to explore the underlying dynamics of these hadrons. (orig.)

REVISITING EVIDENCE OF CHAOS IN X-RAY LIGHT CURVES: THE CASE OF GRS 1915+105

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mannattil, Manu; Gupta, Himanshu; Chakraborty, Sagar, E-mail: mmanu@iitk.ac.in, E-mail: hiugupta@iitk.ac.in, E-mail: sagarc@iitk.ac.in [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016 (India)

2016-12-20

Nonlinear time series analysis has been widely used to search for signatures of low-dimensional chaos in light curves emanating from astrophysical bodies. A particularly popular example is the microquasar GRS 1915+105, whose irregular but systematic X-ray variability has been well studied using data acquired by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer . With a view to building simpler models of X-ray variability, attempts have been made to classify the light curves of GRS 1915+105 as chaotic or stochastic. Contrary to some of the earlier suggestions, after careful analysis, we find no evidence for chaos or determinism in any of the GRS 1915+105 classes. The dearth of long and stationary data sets representing all the different variability classes of GRS 1915+105 makes it a poor candidate for analysis using nonlinear time series techniques. We conclude that either very exhaustive data analysis with sufficiently long and stationary light curves should be performed, keeping all the pitfalls of nonlinear time series analysis in mind, or alternative schemes of classifying the light curves should be adopted. The generic limitations of the techniques that we point out in the context of GRS 1915+105 affect all similar investigations of light curves from other astrophysical sources.

22 CFR 191.5 - Relationships among agencies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Family Member of such employee, is determined to be eligible for benefits under this subchapter. (b) In... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Relationships among agencies. 191.5 Section 191... Relationships among agencies. (a) The Assistant Secretary of State for Administration shall promptly inform the...

Regulation of the chitin degradation and utilization system by the ChiX small RNA in Serratia marcescens 2170.

Science.gov (United States)

Suzuki, Kazushi; Shimizu, Mari; Sasaki, Naomi; Ogawa, Chisana; Minami, Haruka; Sugimoto, Hayuki; Watanabe, Takeshi

2016-01-01

Serratia marcescens 2170 produces three different types of chitinases and chitin-binding protein CBP21. We found that transposon insertion into the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of chiPQ-ctb led to defective chitinase and CBP21 production. ChiX small RNA possessed the complementary sequence of the 5' UTRs of the chiPQ-ctb and chiR and repressed the expression of chiP and chiR. ChiX was detected in a medium containing glucose, glycerol, GlcNAc, and (GlcNAc)2, but the expression of both chiP and chiR was only observed in a medium containing (GlcNAc)2. ∆chiX mutant produced chitinases, CBP21, and chitobiase without induction. chiP transcripts were more abundant than those of chiR or chiX in a medium containing (GlcNAc)2. These results suggest that the constitutively expressed ChiX binds to the highly abundant chiP 5' UTR, thereby leading to the induction of chiR mRNA translation and the subsequent expression of chitinases and CBP21.

29 CFR 1915.54 - Welding, cutting and heating of hollow metal containers and structures not covered by § 1915.12.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Welding, cutting and heating of hollow metal containers and... STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT Welding, Cutting and Heating § 1915.54 Welding, cutting and heating of... which have contained flammable substances shall, before welding, cutting, or heating is undertaken on...

X-Ray Spectral Analysis of the Steady States of GRS1915+105

Science.gov (United States)

Peris, Charith S.; Remillard, Ronald A.; Steiner, James F.; Vrtilek, Saeqa D.; Varnière, Peggy; Rodriguez, Jerome; Pooley, Guy

2016-05-01

We report on the X-ray spectral behavior within the steady states of GRS1915+105. Our work is based on the full data set of the source obtained using the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and 15 GHz radio data obtained using the Ryle Telescope. The steady observations within the X-ray data set naturally separated into two regions in the color-color diagram and we refer to these regions as steady-soft and steady-hard. GRS1915+105 displays significant curvature in the coronal component in both the soft and hard data within the RXTE/PCA bandpass. A majority of the steady-soft observations displays a roughly constant inner disk radius ({R}{{in}}), while the steady-hard observations display an evolving disk truncation which is correlated to the mass accretion rate through the disk. The disk flux and coronal flux are strongly correlated in steady-hard observations and very weakly correlated in the steady-soft observations. Within the steady-hard observations, we observe two particular circumstances when there are correlations between the coronal X-ray flux and the radio flux with log slopes η ˜ 0.68+/- 0.35 and η ˜ 1.12+/- 0.13. They are consistent with the upper and lower tracks of Gallo et al. (2012), respectively. A comparison of the model parameters to the state definitions shows that almost all of the steady-soft observations match the criteria of either a thermal or steep power-law state, while a large portion of the steady-hard observations match the hard-state criteria when the disk fraction constraint is neglected.

QPO detection in superluminal black hole GRS 1915+105

Science.gov (United States)

Bhulla, Yashpal; Jaaffrey, S. N. A.

2018-05-01

We report on the first superluminal Black Hole GRS 1915+105 observed by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer - Proportion Counter Array (RXTE/PCA). We detect the Quasi Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) in the Power Density Spectrum (PDS) of source which have luminosity very near to Eddington limit and long variability in X-ray light curve. In power density spectrum, we deal with the study of highly variability amplitude, time evolution of the characteristic timescale, Quality Factor and Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM). We find significant QPOs in 15 different observation IDs with frequency around 67 Hz although quality factor nearly 20 but in two IDs frequency is found just double. Typical fractional rms for GRS 1915+105 is dominating the hard band increasing steeply with energy more than 13% at 20-40 keV band.

Enhanced diffusion of dopants in vacancy supersaturation produced by MeV implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venezia, V.C.; Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX; Haynes, T.E.; Agarwal, A.; Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ; Gossmann, H.J.; Eaglesham, D.J.

1997-04-01

The diffusion of Sb and B markers has been studied in vacancy supersaturations produced by MeV Si implantation in float zone (FZ) silicon and bonded etch-back silicon-on-insulator (BESOI) substrates. MeV Si implantation produces a vacancy supersaturated near-surface region and an interstitial-rich region at the projected ion range. Transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of Sb in the near surface layer was observed as a result of a 2 MeV Si + , 1 x 10 16 /cm 2 , implant. A 4x larger TED of Sb was observed in BESOI than in FZ silicon, demonstrating that the vacancy supersaturation persists longer in BESOI than in FZ. B markers in samples with MeV Si implant showed a factor of 10x smaller diffusion relative to markers without the MeV Si + implant. This data demonstrates that a 2 MeV Si + implant injects vacancies into the near surface region

Comparison of biological and genomic characteristics between a newly isolated mink enteritis parvovirus MEV-LHV and an attenuated strain MEV-L.

Science.gov (United States)

Mao, Yaping; Wang, Jigui; Hou, Qiang; Xi, Ji; Zhang, Xiaomei; Bian, Dawei; Yu, Yongle; Wang, Xi; Liu, Weiquan

2016-06-01

A virus isolated from mink showing clinical signs of enteritis was identified as a high virulent mink enteritis parvovirus (MEV) based on its biological characteristics in vivo and in vitro. Mink, challenged with this strain named MEV-LHV, exhibited severe pathological lesions as compared to those challenged with attenuated strain MEV-L. MEV-LHV also showed higher infection and replication efficiencies in vitro than MEV-L. Sequence of the complete genome of MEV-LHV was determined and analyzed in comparison with those in GenBank, which revealed that MEV-LHV shared high homology with virulent strain MEV SD12/01, whereas MEV-L was closely related to Abashiri and vaccine strain MEVB, and belonged to a different branch of the phylogenetic tree. The genomes of the two strains differed by insertions and deletions in their palindromic termini and specific unique mutations (especially VP2 300) in coding sequences which may be involved in viral replication and pathogenicity. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the biological and genomic characteristics of MEV and identify certain regions and sites that may be involved in viral replication and pathogenicity.

Measurement and theoretical analysis of neutron-induced neutron-emission reactions of 6Li at 10 to 20 MeV region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ibaraki, Masanobu; Baba, Mamoru; Matsuyama, Shigeo

1998-06-01

We have measured the neutron elastic and inelastic scattering double-differential cross sections of 6 Li at incident neutron energies of 11.5, 14.1 and 18.0 MeV. Based on this data, together with information from other works, a phenomenological neutron optical model potential (OMP) of 6 Li was constructed to describe the total and elastic scattering cross sections from 5 MeV to several tens MeV. This potential also describes well the inelastic scattering to the 1st excited state (E x = 2.186 MeV) via the DWBA calculation with the macroscopic vibrational model. The continuum neutron energy spectra and angular distributions were then analyzed by the theory of final-state interaction extended to the DWBA form, with the assumption that the d-α interaction is dominant in the 3-body final state consisting of n, d and α particles. Such a calculation was found to be successful in explaining the major part of the low-excitation neutron spectra and angular distribution down to the Q-value region of -9 MeV, except for the Q-value range where the n-α quasi-free scattering will give a non-negligible contribution at forward angles. (author). 60 refs

Performance analysis of fusion nuclear-data benchmark experiments for light to heavy materials in MeV energy region with a neutron spectrum shifter

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murata, Isao; Ohta, Masayuki; Miyamaru, Hiroyuki; Kondo, Keitaro; Yoshida, Shigeo; Iida, Toshiyuki; Ochiai, Kentaro; Konno, Chikara

2011-01-01

Nuclear data are indispensable for development of fusion reactor candidate materials. However, benchmarking of the nuclear data in MeV energy region is not yet adequate. In the present study, benchmark performance in the MeV energy region was investigated theoretically for experiments by using a 14 MeV neutron source. We carried out a systematical analysis for light to heavy materials. As a result, the benchmark performance for the neutron spectrum was confirmed to be acceptable, while for gamma-rays it was not sufficiently accurate. Consequently, a spectrum shifter has to be applied. Beryllium had the best performance as a shifter. Moreover, a preliminary examination of whether it is really acceptable that only the spectrum before the last collision is considered in the benchmark performance analysis. It was pointed out that not only the last collision but also earlier collisions should be considered equally in the benchmark performance analysis.

Measurements of dose on build-up region, surface dose and outlet dose by a 10 MeV Linear accelerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, C.N. de; Khoury, H.J.

1987-01-01

The dose on buildup region and the surface dose for a 10 MeV photon beam from a linear acelerator (Mevatrom-74, Siemens) is studied. The influence of the tray of polycarbonate on the surface dose is determined. (M.A.C.) [pt

State adoption of Medicaid 1915(c) waivers for children and youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Merryman, M Beth; Miller, Nancy A; Shockley, Emily; Eskow, Karen Goldrich; Chasson, Gregory S

2015-07-01

The prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased dramatically, with one in every 68 children in the U.S. currently diagnosed with ASD. Medicaid is the primary public funder of health care services for individuals with ASD. One mechanism state Medicaid agencies can use to craft ASD-specific services is a 1915(c) waiver. This study investigated what state policy makers perceived to be primary success factors and barriers to adopting an ASD specific 1915(c) waiver, as well as what services and supports are available in each state for children and transition-age youth with ASD. Data were collected by contacting state Medicaid directors via email with an electronic survey, with an 84% response rate. Support from state legislators and parents and family members were the primary success factors in adopting an ASD specific waiver. The primary barrier was insufficient funding. States not adopting an ASD specific waiver also perceived that children and youth with ASD were served sufficiently well through other Medicaid benefits. Analysis of specific services indicated that the majority of states provide their services to children and transition age youth with ASD through a 1915(c) waiver for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities, often coupled with an ASD specific waiver for children, another 1915(c) waiver for children, and/or a another 1915(c) waiver, most often for children with serious emotional disturbance. Further research is needed to determine which approach(es) is most effective in enhancing access and improving outcomes for children and youth with ASD. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

19 CFR 19.15 - Withdrawal for exportation of articles manufactured in bond; waste or byproducts for consumption.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... manufactured in bond; waste or byproducts for consumption. 19.15 Section 19.15 Customs Duties U.S. CUSTOMS AND... exportation of articles manufactured in bond; waste or byproducts for consumption. (a) Except cigars... may be withdrawn from the warehouse for consumption under Customs Form 7501 upon payment of the duties...

Differential cross section measurements for the 6Li(n,t)alpha reaction in the few MeV region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Devlin, Matthew J [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Taddeucci, Terence N [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Hale, Gerald M [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Haight, Robert C [Los Alamos National Laboratory; O' Donnell, Johhn M [Los Alamos National Laboratory

2008-01-01

New measured differential cross sections of tritons and alpha particles following the {sup 6}Li(n,t){alpha} reaction are reported for incident neutron energies between 0.2 and approximately 20 MeV. The neutrons were produced by spallation at the WNR facility at the Los Alamos Neutron Science CEnter (LANSCE), with the incident neutron energy determined by the time-of-flight method. Four E-{Delta}E telescopes were used at eight laboratory angles. These data have been incorporated into a prior R-matrix fit for the compound {sup 7}Li system, and result in an (n,t) reaction cross section that is 4% to 10% higher than previous evaluations in the 1-3 MeV incident neutron energy region.

Measurement and theoretical analysis of neutron-induced neutron-emission reactions of {sup 6}Li at 10 to 20 MeV region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ibaraki, Masanobu; Baba, Mamoru; Matsuyama, Shigeo [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment] [and others

1998-06-01

We have measured the neutron elastic and inelastic scattering double-differential cross sections of {sup 6}Li at incident neutron energies of 11.5, 14.1 and 18.0 MeV. Based on this data, together with information from other works, a phenomenological neutron optical model potential (OMP) of {sup 6}Li was constructed to describe the total and elastic scattering cross sections from 5 MeV to several tens MeV. This potential also describes well the inelastic scattering to the 1st excited state (E{sub x} = 2.186 MeV) via the DWBA calculation with the macroscopic vibrational model. The continuum neutron energy spectra and angular distributions were then analyzed by the theory of final-state interaction extended to the DWBA form, with the assumption that the d-{alpha} interaction is dominant in the 3-body final state consisting of n, d and {alpha} particles. Such a calculation was found to be successful in explaining the major part of the low-excitation neutron spectra and angular distribution down to the Q-value region of -9 MeV, except for the Q-value range where the n-{alpha} quasi-free scattering will give a non-negligible contribution at forward angles. (author). 60 refs.

Search for substructure in anti pp total cross section in the 2200 MeV mass region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peaslee, D.C.; DeMarzo, C.; Guerriero, L.

1975-01-01

The anti pp total cross section is measured in an apparatus with a small target and high resolution beam in order to supplement previous work by looking for narrow structure that might be hidden in broad-mass bins. One could set limits on the partial widths of bosons coupling to the anti pp system. The product of an unknown production cross section and a partial width was determined. From the data the existence of resolution-sized structure above the smooth fit with the product of cross section and width greater than 7 MeV mb. It can be shown that a Breit--Wigner resonance of spin J coupled to the anti pp system in this region must have partial width GAMMA/sub anti pp/ less than 1.8/(2J + 1) MeV. Also it is found that the broad enhancement observed in the anti pp total cross section persists without modification in an observation with mass resolution six times that of previous work

DEPFET detectors for direct detection of MeV dark matter particles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baehr, A.; Ninkovic, J.; Treis, J. [Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Halbleiterlabor, Munich (Germany); Kluck, H.; Schieck, J. [Institut fuer Hochenergiephysik, Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna (Austria); Atominstitut, Technische Universitaet Wien, Vienna (Austria)

2017-12-15

The existence of dark matter is undisputed, while the nature of it is still unknown. Explaining dark matter with the existence of a new unobserved particle is among the most promising possible solutions. Recently dark matter candidates in the MeV mass region received more and more interest. In comparison to the mass region between a few GeV to several TeV, this region is experimentally largely unexplored. We discuss the application of a RNDR DEPFET semiconductor detector for direct searches for dark matter in the MeV mass region. We present the working principle of the RNDR DEPFET devices and review the performance obtained by previously performed prototype measurements. The future potential of the technology as dark matter detector is discussed and the sensitivity for MeV dark matter detection with RNDR DEPFET sensors is presented. Under the assumption of six background events in the region of interest and an exposure of 1 kg year a sensitivity of about anti σ{sub e} = 10{sup -41} cm{sup 2} for dark matter particles with a mass of 10 MeV can be reached. (orig.)

Manoeuvre warfare analysis of South Africa's 1914-1915 German ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study reported in this article explored the nexus between military theory and history. Military theory attempts to quantify, qualify and illuminate the often unpredictable phenomenon of war. The article consists of two parts: the theory of manoeuvre warfare and the history of the 1914-1915 South African campaign in ...

29 CFR 1915.95 - Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity of radar and radio.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Ship repairing and shipbuilding work on or in the vicinity of radar and radio. 1915.95 Section 1915.95 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR (CONTINUED) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT General...

14 MeV proton activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Constantinescu, B.; Ivanov, E.; Plostinaru, D.; Popa-Nemoiu, A.; Pascovichi, G.

1985-01-01

A fast nuclear nondestructive method for protein analysis using the 14 MeV proton activation has been developed. The total nitrogen content was measured through the reaction: 14 N (p,n) 14 O, (Tsub(1/2)=71 s). The 14 O activity was detected by means of its characteristic 2.312 MeV gamma-ray line with a NaI(Tl) detector. For a fast determination of a large number of samples a mechanized sistem reacting a rate of one sample per minute has been developed. The laboratory electronics comprises a multichannel analyser, a PDP computer and an electronic module comtroller. Comparison of the results obtained by the method described and the classical Kjeldal technique for samples of various cereal grains (soya bean seads, wheat, barley and corn) showed good correlation. A problem of the analysis of the whole protein region on corn and soya-bean seads, where this region is thicker (0,2 - 2 mm), is mentioned. In this case flour was proposed to be used to obtain a protein homogeneous sample and the irradiaton dose for a sample was about 33,000 Gy, mainly (99%) from protons (27 s x 100 nA x 14 MeV)

Neutron total and scattering cross sections of 6Li in the few MeV region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, A.; Guenther, P.; Whalen, J.

1980-02-01

Neutron total cross sections of 6 Li are measured from approx. 0.5 to approx. 4.8 MeV at intervals of approx. 10 scattering angles and at incident-neutron intervals of approx.< 100 keV. Neutron differential inelastic-scattering cross sections are measured in the incident-energy range 3.5 to 4.0 MeV. The experimental results are extended to lower energies using measured neutron total cross sections recently reported elsewhere by the authors. The composite experimental data (total cross sections from 0.1 to 4.8 MeV and scattering cross sections from 0.22 to 4.0 MeV) are interpreted in terms of a simple two-level R-matrix model which describes the observed cross sections and implies the reaction cross section in unobserved channels; notably the (n;α)t reaction (Q = 4.783 MeV). The experimental and calculational results are compared with previously reported results as summarized in the ENDF/B-V evaluated nuclear data file

The evaluation of H total cross section from 20 MeV to 2 GeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tingjin, Liu [Chinese Nuclear Data Center, Beijing, BJ (China)

1996-06-01

The H total cross section was evaluated in the neutron energy region from 20 to 2000 MeV. The recommended experimental data were fitted by using Spline fit program with knot optimization, the fit values are taken as recommended ones. The data are compared with those from ENDF/B-6 (<100 MeV), the differences are 0.5%{approx}2.0% from 20 to 40 MeV, and almost the same in the energy region 40{approx}100 MeV.

Momentum transfer with light ions at energies from 70 MeV to 1000 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saint Laurent, F.; Conjeaud, M.; Dayras, R.; Harar, S.; Oeschler, H.; Volant, C.

1982-01-01

Angular correlations of fission fragments induced by bombarding a 232 Th target with protons, deuterons and alpha particles of energies from 70 MeV to 1000 MeV have been measured. They give information about the forward momentum imparted to the fissioning nuclei. We present the average values of the transferred linear momentum ([p vertical stroke vertical stroke ]) as a function of the incident energy and propose a classification into three regimes of dominating processes leading to fission: (I) low-energy behaviour, for E/A less than 10 MeV/u [p vertical stroke vertical stroke ]/psub(i) approx. equal to 1. (II) Between 10 MeV/u and about 70 MeV/u, [p vertical stroke vertical stroke ]/psub(i) decreases progressively down to 0.5 but remains proportional to the projectile mass. (III) The region between 70 MeV/u and about 1000 MeV/u corresponds to a transition region where the projectiles, whatever their masses, tend to transfer the same momentum. (orig.)

A Different Approach Towards Armenian Events of 1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nevzat Artuç

2008-06-01

Full Text Available The decision of Armenian dispatch of 1915 is a security measure taken against the rebellions of Armenians living within the boundaries of Ottoman state and their co-operations with Russians. Despite the worst conditions resulted by the war, leading cadres of Unionist, who are behind the dispatch decision, do their best to meet the needs of the Armenian convoys. Soon after the World War I, the events of 1915 bring into agenda by the Ottoman cabinets established under power of the Entente Powers and it transfermed to the court. Immediately. At the end of judgment verdict, it is accepted that some undersirable events happens during the dispatch. However, it is particularly stressed the fact that this is not done on purpose. On the other hand, Armenians protest the events of dispatch by joining voluntarily the British armies during the Channel expedition. The Armenian lobbies outside the Ottoman state want the leaders of Unionist cadres revenge on the Armenians who died during the dispatch by arranging plot attempts. Mustafa Kemal Pasha having no role in the decision of dispatch is also taken into the murder list. Thus, Armenian lobbies, who have seen the events as a cherish a vendetta, are responsible for the uncompromising policy of Armenia

Extension of the calibration of an NE-213 liquid scintillator based pulse height response spectrometer up to 18 MeV neutron energy and leakage spectrum measurements on bismuth at 8 MeV and 18 MeV neutron energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fenyvesi, A.; Valastyan, I.; Olah, L.; Csikai, J.; Plompen, A.; Jaime, R.; Loevestam, G.; Semkova, V.

2011-01-01

neutron energy region. However, for both libraries, the observed differences between measured and simulated neutron spectra are beyond statistical uncertainty for the En < 5 MeV region. Further experimental check of cross-section data of the two libraries for bismuth is recommended for the En < 5 MeV region. (authors)

The Burden of Urban Education: Public Schools in Massachusetts, 1870-1915.

Science.gov (United States)

Lazerson, Marvin

Confronted by a rapidly changing urban-industrial society, Massachusetts educators undertook reforms between 1870 and 1915 to make the public school a more relevant institution. Kindergarten, manual training, vocational education, evening schools, and citizenship education represented answers to problems arising from industrialism and urbanism.…

Ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in GaN with surface defect region under 60Co gamma or MeV electron irradiation

Science.gov (United States)

Hou, Ruixiang; Li, Lei; Fang, Xin; Xie, Ziang; Li, Shuti; Song, Weidong; Huang, Rong; Zhang, Jicai; Huang, Zengli; Li, Qiangjie; Xu, Wanjing; Fu, Engang; Qin, G. G.

2018-01-01

Generally, the diffusion and gettering of impurities in GaN needs high temperature. Calculated with the ambient-temperature extrapolation value of the high temperature diffusivity of Pt atoms in GaN reported in literature, the time required for Pt atoms diffusing 1 nm in GaN at ambient temperature is about 19 years. Therefore, the ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in GaN can hardly be observed. In this work, the ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in GaN is reported for the first time. It is demonstrated by use of secondary ion mass spectroscopy that in the condition of introducing a defect region on the GaN film surface by plasma, and subsequently, irradiated by 60Co gamma-ray or 3 MeV electrons, the ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in GaN can be detected. It is more obvious with larger irradiation dose and higher plasma power. With a similar surface defect region, the ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in GaN stimulated by 3 MeV electron irradiation is more marked than that stimulated by gamma irradiation. The physical mechanism of ambient-temperature diffusion and gettering of Pt atoms in a GaN film with a surface defect region stimulated by gamma or MeV electron irradiation is discussed.

Reconstructed North American, Eurasian, and Northern Hemisphere Snow Cover Extent, 1915-1997

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This data set contains time series of monthly snow cover extent (SCE) for North America, Eurasia, and the Northern Hemisphere from 1915 to 1997, based on snow cover...

Top wealth shares in Australia 1915-2012

OpenAIRE

Katic, Pamela; Leigh, Andrew

2016-01-01

Combining data from surveys, inheritance tax records, and rich lists, we estimate top wealth shares for Australia from World War I until the present day. We find that the top 1 percent share declined by two-thirds from 1915 until the late 1960s, and rose from the late 1970s to 2010. The recent increase is sharpest at the top of the distribution, with the top 0.001 percent wealth share tripling from 1984 to 2012. The trend in top wealth shares is similar to that in Australian top income shares...

PHASE-RESOLVED TIMING ANALYSIS OF GRS 1915+105 IN ITS ρ STATE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan, Shu-Ping; Wang, Na; Ding, Guo-Qiang; Qu, Jin-Lu

2013-01-01

We made a phase-resolved timing analysis of GRS 1915+105 in its ρ state and obtained detailed ρ cycle evolutions of the frequency, amplitude, and coherence of the low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LFQPO). We combined our timing results with the spectral study by Neilsen et al. to perform an elaborate comparison analysis. Our analyses show that the LFQPO frequency does not scale with the inner disk radius, but it is related to the spectral index, indicating a possible correlation between the LFQPO and the corona. The LFQPO amplitude spectrum and other results are naturally explained by tying the LFQPO to the corona. The similarities of the spectra of variability parameters between the LFQPOs from ρ state and those from more steady states indicate that the LFQPOs of GRS 1915+105 in very different states seem to share the same origin.

PHASE-RESOLVED TIMING ANALYSIS OF GRS 1915+105 IN ITS {rho} STATE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yan, Shu-Ping; Wang, Na; Ding, Guo-Qiang [Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011 (China); Qu, Jin-Lu, E-mail: yanshup@xao.ac.cn, E-mail: na.wang@xao.ac.cn [Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049 (China)

2013-04-10

We made a phase-resolved timing analysis of GRS 1915+105 in its {rho} state and obtained detailed {rho} cycle evolutions of the frequency, amplitude, and coherence of the low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LFQPO). We combined our timing results with the spectral study by Neilsen et al. to perform an elaborate comparison analysis. Our analyses show that the LFQPO frequency does not scale with the inner disk radius, but it is related to the spectral index, indicating a possible correlation between the LFQPO and the corona. The LFQPO amplitude spectrum and other results are naturally explained by tying the LFQPO to the corona. The similarities of the spectra of variability parameters between the LFQPOs from {rho} state and those from more steady states indicate that the LFQPOs of GRS 1915+105 in very different states seem to share the same origin.

Characterization of 2 MeV, 4 MeV, 6 MeV and 18 MeV buildup caps for use with a 0.6 cubic centimeter thimble ionization chamber

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salyer, R.L.; VanDenburg, J.W.; Prinja, A.K.; Kirby, T.; Busch, R.; Hong-Nian Jow

1996-07-01

The purpose of this research is to characterize existing 2 MeV, 4 MeV and 6 MeV buildup caps, and to determine if a buildup cap can be made for the 0.6 cm 3 thimble ionization chamber that will accurately measure exposures in a high-energy photon radiation field. Two different radiation transport codes were used to computationally characterize existing 2 MeV, 4 MeV, and 6 MeV buildup caps for a 0.6 cm 3 active volume thimble ionization chamber: ITS, The Integrated TIGER Series of Coupled Electron-Photon Monte Carlo Transport Codes; and CEPXS/ONEDANT, A One-Dimensional Coupled Electron-Photon Discrete Ordinates Code Package. These codes were also used to determine the design characteristics of a buildup cap for use in the 18 MeV photon beam produced by the 14 TW pulsed power HERMES-III electron accelerator. The maximum range of the secondary electron, the depth at which maximum dose occurs, and the point where dose and collision kerma are equal have been determined to establish the validity of electronic equilibrium. The ionization chamber with the appropriate buildup cap was then subjected to a 4 MeV and a 6 MeV bremmstrahlung radiation spectrum to determine the detector response

The H(n,n) cross section in the 20 MeV to 350 MeV range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-01-01

The differential H(n,n) cross section has been used as a standard relative to which other neutron emission cross sections, e.g., elastic or inelastic scattering, have been measured in several Mev region and these measured values are compared with the VL40 solution of R. Arndt, and R.L. Workman, Nuclear Data Standards for Nuclear Measurements, H. Conde (ed.). NEANDC-311, INDC (SEC)-101, 1992, p. 17. For hydrogen, the differential elastic scattering cross section can be directly related to the total cross section, since no other channels of importance are open below the pion production threshold at about 280 MeV (the capture and Bremsstrahlung cross section are very small). 16 refs, 3 figs

Inelastic proton scattering at 800 MeV to the 12C 15.11-MeV state: A search for nuclear critical opalescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haji-Saeid, M.; Glashausser, C.; Igo, G.; Cornelius, W.; Gazzaly, M.; Irom, F.; McClelland, J.; Moss, J.M.; Pauletta, G.; Thiessen, H.A.; Whitten, C.A. Jr.

1980-01-01

The differential cross section for the reaction 12 C(p,p') 12 C* (15.11 MeV, 1 + , T=1) has been measured at 800 MeV; the range of the angular distribution corresponds to momentum transfers of 0.7--2.4 fm -1 [(1-3.3)m/sub π/]. The cross section decreases almost exponentially at large angles; no maximum is observed in the region where nuclear critical opalescence might be expected

A Neutron Elastic Scattering Study of Chromium, Iron and Nickel in the Energy Region 1.77 to 2.76 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Holmqvist, B; Johansson, S G; Lodin, G; Wiedling, T [AB Atomenergi, Nyko eping (Sweden); Salama, M [Reactor and Neutron Physics Dept., Atomic Energy Es tablishment, Cairo (Egypt)

1970-07-01

Elastic neutron scattering measurements have been performed on the natural elements chromium, iron and nickel. Angular distributions were recorded in the interval 20 to 160 deg at several energies in the region 1.77 to 2.76 MeV. The experimental data were analysed in terms of the optical model, applying a spherical nuclear potential.

From the Berlin "ENTWURF" Field Equations to the Einstein Tensor I: October 1914 until Beginning of November 1915

OpenAIRE

Weinstein, Galina

2012-01-01

I discuss Albert Einstein's 1914 review paper, "The Formal Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" from two points of view: the main elements in the paper that appear to have led to the downfall of the Einstein-Grossman theory; and the elements that seem to have inspired Einstein during October 1915 to reformulate the 1914 Einstein-Grossmann theory in the form of the November 1915 and the 1916 General Theory of Relativity. First paper among three papers.

«Dead Men Attack» (Osovets, 1915: Archive Sources Approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vyacheslav I. Menjkovsky

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The article, basing on archive materials, attempts to examine one of the chapters of World War I history, namely, so-called “dead men attack” during Osovets Tower (westward of Bialystok, within the territory of modern Poland defense by Russian troops in 1915, reconstructs the battle, specifies attack, rather counterattack conditions, introduces new archive sources for scientific use.

Inner disc obscuration in GRS 1915+105 based on relativistic slim disc model

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vierdayanti, K.; Sądowski, A.; Mineshige, L.S.; Bursa, Michal

2013-01-01

Roč. 436, č. 1 (2013), s. 71-81 ISSN 0035-8711 Institutional support: RVO:67985815 Keywords : accretion discs * black hole physics * GRS 1915+105 Subject RIV: BN - Astronomy, Celestial Mechanics, Astrophysics Impact factor: 5.226, year: 2013

Energy-Dependent Partial-Wave Analysis of Pion-Deuteron Elastic Scattering in T_L=65 to 294 MeV Region

OpenAIRE

Noboru, HIROSHIGE; Faculty of Economics, Hannan University

1996-01-01

An energy-dependent partial-wave analysis of πd elastic scattering has been performed in the region T_L=65～294 MeV for currently available experimental data, including the recent vector analyzing power iT_ and composite observables τ_. We have obtained a solution which is in good agreement with the experimental data. The ^3P_1,^3P_2,^3D_3 and ^3D_2 amplitudes abtained show counter-clockwise rotating behaviors.

Honorio Delgado y el psicoanálisis, 1915-1930: un estudio cuantitativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ramón León

1983-12-01

Full Text Available Aplicando técnicas de la historia cuantitativa a revistas psicoanalíticas europeas y norteamericanas entre 1915 y 1930, se estudia la valoración y el impacto de los trabajos de Honorio Delgado dedicados a la difusión de las teorías de Freud. El análisis de los datos muestra a Karl Abraham como la persona que hizo conocer la obra de Delgado en los círculos psicoanalíticos mediante reseñas de sus trabajos y la traducción de un artículo originalmente publicado en castellano por el psiquiatra peruano.The impact of Honorio Delgado's work in the exposition of Freud's theories is studied through a quantitative approach to european and american journals between 1915 and 1930. Analysis of the data shows that Karl Abraham was the link between Delgado and psychoanalytical circles. Abraham translated an article published in spanish by the peruvian psychiatrist and commented some of his works.

Neutron integral test of graphite cross sections in MeV energy region for the JENDL-3T through an analysis of WINFRITH shielding experiment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ueki, Kohtaro; Sakurai, Kiyoshi.

1988-01-01

The neutron integral tests of graphite cross sections in MeV neutron energy region for the ENDF/B-IV, JENDL-2, JENDL-3PR1 and -3T were performed through the Monte Carlo analysis of the graphite shielding experiment at the WINFRITH. The measured values were on the reaction rates of 115 In(n,n') 115m In, 27 Al(n,α) 24 Na, 32 S(n,p) 32 P, and 103 Rh(n,n') 103m Rh threshold detectors located in the graphite slabs, so that the experiment on the graphite was good at the integral test of neutron cross sections in MeV energy resion. (author)

Neutron total cross section measurements in the energy region from 47 keV to 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poenitz, W.P.; Whalen, J.F.

1983-05-01

Neutron total cross sections were measured for 26 elements. Data were obtained in the energy range from 47 keV to 20 MeV for 11 elements in the range of light-mass fission products. Previously reported measurements for eight heavy and actinide isotopes were extended to 20 MeV. Data were also obtained for Cu (47 keV to 1.4 MeV) and for Sc, Zn, Nd, Hf, and Pt (1.8 to 20 MeV). The present work is part of a continuing effort to provide accurate neutron total cross sections for evaluations and for optical-model parameteriztions. The latter are required for the derivation of other nuclear-data information of importance to applied programs. 37 references

Re-discovery of Calinaga aborica Tytler, 1915 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Calinaginae from Arunachal Pradesh, India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sanjay Sondhi

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The butterfly Calinaga aborica Tytler, 1915 has been re-discovered a hundred years after its original description, and its range extended by 200km westwards into western Arunachal Pradesh, India.  

Study of the /sup 12/N 2. 43 MeV level. [Differential cross sections; 44 MeV /sup 3/He; 52 MeV p

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cecil, F E; Shepard, J R; Sercely, R R; Peterson, R J [Colorado Univ., Boulder (USA). Nuclear Physics Lab.; King, N S.P. [California Univ., Davis (USA). Crocker Nuclear Lab.

1976-10-11

The differential cross sections have been measured for the reactions /sup 12/C(/sup 3/He, /sup 3/He')/sup 12/C(17.77 MeV 0/sup +/ T = 1) and /sup 12/C(/sup 3/He, t)/sup 12/N(2.43 MeV) at Esub(/sup 3/He) = 44 MeV. The similar shapes of the angular distributions and the relative magnitudes of the cross sections suggest that the /sup 12/N 2.43 MeV level is the 0/sup +/ T = 1 analog to the /sup 12/C 17.77 MeV level. The reaction /sup 14/N(p, t)/sup 12/N(2.43 MeV) at Esub(p) = 52 MeV is also studied. The strength with which this level is excited in this reaction is consistent with reasonable two-step calculations assuming the 2.43 MeV level to have Jsup(..pi..) = 0/sup +/.

Spin excitations in 48Ca and 90Zr with 319 MeV protons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nanda, S.K.

1985-05-01

Cross sections, analyzing powers, and spin-flip probabilities have been measured in the low momentum transfer region in the 90 Zr(p vector, p' vector) 90 Zr* reaction at 319 MeV. A rich fine structure is observed for the first time in inelastic proton scattering in the previously proposed M1 giant resonance region. Angular distribution of most of these states are consistent with M1 excitation. The excitation energies of the fine structure states are in good agreement with similar structure seen in electron scattering; however, discrepancies in spin assignments remain. The measured cross section for the entire bump is about 37 +- 10% of the Distorted Wave Impulse Approximation (DWIA) prediction for the M1 strength in 90 Zr with simple wave functions. However, an analysis of the fine structure states reveals about 15% of the strength in the M1 region to be due to narrow El states; another 8% is attributed to M2 strength. The spin-flip measurements for 90 Zr reveal a large spin-flip probability value for the M1 region; good agreement is obtained with DWIA calculations. However, a large cross section for spin excitations distributed uniformly over the excitation energy region from about 7 to 25 MeV is observed for the first time. The spin excitation strength in this giant resonance continuum is found to about 0.80 mb/sr/MeV. Angular distributions for the spin-flip cross sections from 7 to 18 MeV in steps of 2 MeV have been analyzed with low multipole spin excitation calculations in the DWIA framework; the observed spin-flip strength in this region is found to be consistent with spin excitation involving angular momentum transfer of up to two. Finally, cross section, analyzing power, and spin-flip probability data have also been obtained for the 10.23 MeV M1 transition in the 48 Ca(p vector, p' vector) 48 Ca* reaction at 319 MeV. The quenching of M1 strength in 48 Ca relative to theoretical predictions is found to be consistent with previous work

Fast Transition between High-soft and Low-soft States in GRS 1915 ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

R. Narasimhan (Krishtel eMaging) 1461 1996 Oct 15 13:05:22

for extended periods. ... have been made to connect the observed radio characteristics in GRS 1915 + 105 like .... with low value of hard X-ray photon flux with BATSE in detail. ..... estimation and response matrix generation have been applied. ..... readjustment of the accretion disk at the outer edge to create a significant ...

29 CFR 1915.51 - Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting and heating.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting and heating... Welding, Cutting and Heating § 1915.51 Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting and heating. (a) The... dust or dirt from clothing, or for cleaning the work area. (c) Welding, cutting and heating in confined...

Design calculation for the central region of the NSCL 500 MeV superconducting cyclotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marti, F.; Gordon, M.M.; Chen, M.B.; Salgado, C.; Antaya, T.; Liukkonen, E.

1982-01-01

The 500 MeV superconducting cyclotron has three 60 0 dees within the magnet valleys, and the design of the central region is complicated because it must accommodate the inner tips of these dees, the tips of the three intervening dummy dees, and the ion source, all within a very small space. In addition, this cyclotron is designed to operate on harmonics from h=1 to 7, with dee voltages up to 100 kV, and must accelerate a wide variety of heavy ions with turn numbers from n=100 to 600. To satisfy these diverse requirement, the overall plan for the central region calls for the construction and use of many different, but readily interchangeable sets of electrode structures with each set designed for a different range of operating conditions. The procedure for determining the optimum geometry for a set of electrodes involves a converging sequence of tentative designs each of which is tested and improved through a combination of electrolytic tank measurements and orbit computations. For this purpose, the speed and accuracy of the tank measurements have been improved, and the resultant potentials are used in our computer programs to determine whether the ion orbits clear the obstacles successfully, gain energy efficiently, receive adequate vertical focusing, and finally emerge from the central region properly centered. The vertical motion computations are by far the most difficult, and a special effort has been made to obtain satisfactory results

Professor Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915): Lest we forget.

Science.gov (United States)

Toodayan, Nadeem

2016-09-01

December 19(th) 2015 marks the centennial anniversary of the death of the great Bavarian psychiatrist and neuropathologist, Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915), a man immortalised by the still incurable dementing process described by him in 1906 and firmly established in his name. Notwithstanding the great wealth of research into the history of Alzheimer's disease and legacy, the life of this exemplary clinician remains less than widely appreciated today, and it is the purpose of this brief reminiscence to retell the story of the pioneering neuropsychiatrist in this centenary year of his passing. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Measurement of cross sections for the scattering of neutrons in the energy range from 2 MeV to 4 MeV with the {sup 15}N(p,n) reaction as neutron source; Messung von Wirkungsquerschnitten fuer die Streuung von Neutronen im Energiebereich von 2 MeV bis 4 MeV mit der {sup 15}N(p,n)-Reaktion als Neutronenquelle

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poenitz, Erik

2010-04-26

In future nuclear facilities, the materials lead and bismuth can play a more important role than in today's nuclear reactors. Reliable cross section data are required for the design of those facilities. In particular the neutron transport in the lead spallation target of an Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Reactor strongly depends on the inelastic neutron scattering cross sections in the energy region from 0.5 MeV to 6 MeV. In the recent 20 years, elastic and inelastic neutron scattering cross sections were measured with high precision for a variety of elements at the PTB time-of-flight spectrometer. The D(d,n) reaction was primarily used for the production of neutrons. Because of the Q value of the reaction and the available deuteron energies, neutrons in the energy range from 6 MeV to 16 MeV can be produced. For the cross section measurement at lower energies, however, another neutron producing reaction is required. The {sup 15}N(p,n){sup 15}O reaction was chosen, as it allows the production of monoenergetic neutrons with up to 5.7MeV energy. In this work, the {sup 15}N(p,n) reaction was studied with focus on the suitability as a source for monoenergetic neutrons in scattering experiments. This includes the measurement of differential cross sections for the neutron producing reaction and the choice of optimum target conditions. Differential elastic and inelastic neutron scattering cross sections were measured for lead at four energies in the region from 2 MeV to 4 MeV incident neutron energy using the time-of-flight technique. A lead sample with natural isotopic composition was used. NE213 liquid scintillation detectors with well-known detection efficiencies were used for the detection of the scattered neutrons. Angle-integrated cross sections were determined by a Legendre polynomial expansion using least-squares methods. Additionally, measurements were carried out for isotopically pure {sup 209}Bi and {sup 181}Ta samples at 4 MeV incident neutron energy

Measurement of the energy spectrum with proportional counters with spherical cathodes between 20 keV and 2.5 MeV with the propagation of 14 MeV neutrons in liquid nitrogen and liquid air

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider-Kuehnle, P.

1974-01-01

This work deals with the measurement of the energy spectrum of a 14 MeV neutron source in liquid nitrogen and liquid air in the energy region of 20 keV to 2.5 MeV as a function of the distance from the source. The measured results together with those of a scintispectrometer which measures the energies between 2.5 MeV and 14 MeV, are to serve as experimentally-supported input data for shielding calculations and are to enable the checking of transport theoretical calculations. (orig./LH) [de

29 CFR 1915.53 - Welding, cutting and heating in way of preservative coatings.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Welding, cutting and heating in way of preservative... SHIPYARD EMPLOYMENT Welding, Cutting and Heating § 1915.53 Welding, cutting and heating in way of... and shipbulding and shall not apply to shipbreaking. (b) Before welding, cutting or heating is...

Occurrence and redescription of Sipalolasma arthrapophysis (Gravely, 1915(Araneae: Barychelidae: Barychelinae from India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S.M.M. Javed

2010-05-01

Full Text Available During a recent biodiversity survey a rare Brush-footed trapdoor spider, Sipalolasma arthrapophysis (Gravely, 1915 was recorded from the State of Andhra Pradesh, India for the first time and the second record from India. A detailed description with photographs and illustrations of the male is provided

Polarization measurements for P-12C elastic scattering between 40-75 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, S.; Okada, K.; Kondo, M.; Shimizu, A.; Hosono, K.; Saito, T.; Matsuoka, N.; Nagamachi, S.; Nisimura, K.; Tamura, N.

1980-01-01

Absolute values of the polarization in p- 12 C elastic scattering have been measured at 60.0 and 64.5 MeV at 47.5 0 in the laboratory system using a double scattering method and a method to measure an asymmetry with a polarized beam. The results are P(60.0 MeV, 47.5 0 ) = 0.965 +- 0.011 and P(64.5 MeV, 47.5 0 ) = 0.975 +- 0.011. Based on these values, the polarization measurements have been extended to the energy range from 40-75 MeV at several angles around 47.5 0 using the polarized proton beam and the energy degrader. Differential cross sections and polarizations from 15-115 0 are also presented at 65 MeV. These data will be valuable for the monitoring of beam polarization in this energy region. (orig.)

MeV He microbeam analysis of a semiconductor integrated circuit

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Peiran; Liu Jiarui; Zhang Jinping; Yin Shiduan

1989-01-01

An MeV He + microbeam has been used to analyse a microscale semiconductor structure. The 2 MeV He + ion beam is limited to 25 μm diameter by a set of diaphragms and is further focused by a quadrupole quadruplet to 3μm diameter. The incident beam current on the sample is about 0.3 nA. The Rutherford backscattering (RBS) technique is applied to the measurement of the composition and depth profile in the near-surface region of a semiconductor integrated circuit. (author)

MeV He microbeam analysis of a semiconductor integrated circuit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhu Peiran; Liu Jiarui; Zhang Jinping; Yin Shiduan

1989-01-01

An MeV He/sup +/ microbeam has been used to analyse a microscale semiconductor structure. The 2 MeV He/sup +/ ion beam is limited to 25 /mu/m diameter by a set of diaphragms and is further focused by a quadrupole quadruplet to 3/mu/m diameter. The incident beam current on the sample is about 0.3 nA. The Rutherford backscattering (RBS) technique is applied to the measurement of the composition and depth profile in the near-surface region of a semiconductor integrated circuit.

(γ,n) reaction in nuclei of the 12<=A<=238 interval in the intermediate energy region (300 MeV-1000MeV)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martins, J.B.

1974-01-01

The absolute cross section of the 12 C(γ,n) 11 C, 19 F(γ,n) 18 F, 23 Na(γ,n) 22 Na, 31 P(γ,n) 30 P, 52 Cr(γ,n) 51 Cr, 55 Mn(γ,n) 54 Mn, 59 Co(γ,n) 58 Co, 75 As(γ,n) 74 As, 103 Rh(γn) 102 Rh, 127 I(γ,n) 126 I, 197 Au(γ,n) 196 Au and 238 U(γ,n) 237 U reactions were determined, experimentally, in the energy range from 300 MeV to 1000 MeV, using Bremsstrahlung photons. The measured cross sections were compared with results estimated by Monte Carlo Method applied to intranuclear cascades initiated by phothons. A functional dependence between the average value of (γ,n) absolute cross section and the mass number, were established. The (γ,n) absolute cross sections from simple relations, which transparencies of complexe nuclei for mesons and nucleons photo produced were also determined. (M.C.K.) [pt

Calculation of a complete data set for n + 83Kr, 84Kr, 85Kr and 86Kr in the energy region 0.001-20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cai Chonghai

1999-01-01

Complete reaction cross sections, secondary neutron spectra and elastic scattering angular distributions of 83 Kr, 84 Kr, 85 Kr and 86 Kr in the energy region 0.001-20 MeV are calculated, theoretical results are in ENDF/B-6 in pretty good accordance with experimental data

Juno/JEDI observations of 0.01 to >10 MeV energetic ions in the Jovian auroral regions: Anticipating a source for polar X-ray emission

Science.gov (United States)

Haggerty, D. K.; Mauk, B. H.; Paranicas, C. P.; Clark, G.; Kollmann, P.; Rymer, A. M.; Bolton, S. J.; Connerney, J. E. P.; Levin, S. M.

2017-07-01

After a successful orbit insertion, the Juno spacecraft completed its first 53.5 day orbit and entered a very low altitude perijove with the full scientific payload operational for the first time on 27 August 2016. The Jupiter Energetic particle Detector Instrument measured ions and electrons over the auroral regions and through closest approach, with ions measured from 0.01 to >10 MeV, depending on species. This report focuses on the composition of the energetic ions observed during the first perijove of the Juno mission. Of particular interest are the ions that precipitate from the magnetosphere onto the polar atmosphere and ions that are accelerated locally by Jupiter's powerful auroral processes. We report preliminary findings on the spatial variations, species, including energy and pitch angle distributions throughout the prime science region during the first orbit of the Juno mission. The prime motivation for this work was to examine the heavy ions that are thought to be responsible for the observed polar X-rays. Jupiter Energetic particle Detector Instrument (JEDI) did observe precipitating heavy ions with energies >10 MeV, but for this perijove the intensities were far below those needed to account for previously observed polar X-ray emissions. During this survey we also found an unusual signal of ions between oxygen and sulfur. We include here a report on what appears to be a transitory observation of magnesium, or possibly sodium, at MeV energies through closest approach.

Energy scaling of the "heartbeat" pulse width of GRS 1915+105, IGR J17091-3624, and MXB 1730-335 from Rossi-XTE observations

Science.gov (United States)

Maselli, A.; Capitanio, F.; Feroci, M.; Massa, F.; Massaro, E.; Mineo, T.

2018-04-01

We investigate some key aspects of the "heartbeat" variability consisting of series of bursts with a slow rise and a fast decay, thus far detected only in GRS 1915+105, IGR J17091-3624, and MXB 1730-335. A previous analysis based on BeppoSAX data of GRS 1915+105 revealed a hard-X delay (HXD), that is a lag of the burst rise at higher energies with respect to lower ones; this leads to narrower pulse widths, w, at higher energies. We here use some light curves of Rossi-XTE observations of GRS 1915+105 for a deeper analysis of this effect and search for its presence in those extracted from some IGR J17091-3624 and MXB 1730-335 observations performed with the same satellite. Our results show that, at variance with GRS 1915+105, no HXD is evident in the light curves of MXB 1730-335 and only a marginal HXD may be argued for IGR J17091-3624. For GRS 1915+105 we find a decreasing trend of the pulse width with energy following a power law w = A ṡ E-s with an index s ≈ 0.8. Furthermore, we confirm the increase of the HXD with the recurrence time Trec of the bursts in each series that was already found in previous works using BeppoSAX data. Based on a spectral analysis of these three sources we conclude that the differences highlighted in the properties of the "heartbeat" variability are probably related to the different accreting compact object and the eventual presence of a corona in these binary interacting systems.

Measurement of Ay(θ) for n+208Pb from 6 to 10 MeV and the neutron-nucleus interaction over the energy range from bound states at -17 MeV up to scattering at 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roberts, M.L.; Felsher, P.D.; Weisel, G.J.; Chen, Z.; Howell, C.R.; Tornow, W.; Walter, R.L.; Horen, D.J.

1991-01-01

High-accuracy measurements of A y (θ) data for elastic scattering and inelastic scattering to the first excited state for n+ 208 Pb have been performed at 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 MeV. In addition, σ(θ) was measured at 8 MeV. These data provide an important subset for the growing database for the n+ 208 Pb system from bound-state energies to energies above 40 MeV, the limit of the range of interest here. This database has been interpreted via several approaches. First, a conventional Woods-Saxon spherical optical was used to obtain three potential representations for the energy range from 4 to 40 MeV: ''best fits'' at each energy, constant-geometry global fit with linear energy dependences for the potential strengths for the range 4.0--40 MeV, and an extension of the latter model to allow a linear energy dependence on the radii and diffuseness. A preference for a complex spin-orbit interaction was observed in all cases. Second, the dispersion relation was introduced into the spherical optical model to obtain a more ''realistic'' representation. In our approach, the strength and shape of the real potential was modified by calculating the dispersion-relation contributions that originate from the presence of the surface and volume imaginary terms. Two potentials were developed, one based only on the scattering data (from 4.0 to 40 MeV) and another based additionally on single-particle and single-hole information down to a binding energy of 17 MeV. In addition, the σ(θ) and A y (θ) measurements were compared to earlier conventional and dispersion-relation models. One of the latter of these included an l dependence in the absorptive surface term, and we applied this model in the 6- to 10-MeV region to describe all the σ(θ) and the new A y (θ)

MeV proton flux predictions near Saturn's D ring.

Science.gov (United States)

Kollmann, P; Roussos, E; Kotova, A; Cooper, J F; Mitchell, D G; Krupp, N; Paranicas, C

2015-10-01

Radiation belts of MeV protons have been observed just outward of Saturn's main rings. During the final stages of the mission, the Cassini spacecraft will pass through the gap between the main rings and the planet. Based on how the known radiation belts of Saturn are formed, it is expected that MeV protons will be present in this gap and also bounce through the tenuous D ring right outside the gap. At least one model has suggested that the intensity of MeV protons near the planet could be much larger than in the known belts. We model this inner radiation belt using a technique developed earlier to understand Saturn's known radiation belts. We find that the inner belt is very different from the outer belts in the sense that its intensity is limited by the densities of the D ring and Saturn's upper atmosphere, not by radial diffusion and satellite absorption. The atmospheric density is relatively well constrained by EUV occultations. Based on that we predict an intensity in the gap region that is well below that of the known belts. It is more difficult to do the same for the region magnetically connected to the D ring since its density is poorly constrained. We find that the intensity in this region can be comparable to the known belts. Such intensities pose no hazard to the mission since Cassini would only experience these fluxes on timescales of minutes but might affect scientific measurements by decreasing the signal-to-contamination ratio of instruments.

Evidence for two narrow pp resonances at 2020 MeV and 2200 MeV

CERN Document Server

Benkheiri, P; Bouquet, B; Briandet, P; D'Almagne, B; Dang-Vu, C; De Rosny, G; Eisenstein, B I; Ferrer, A; Fleury, P; Grossetête, B; Irwin, G; Jacholkowski, A; Lahellec, A; Nguyen, H; Petroff, P; Richard, F; Rivet, P; Roudeau, P; Rougé, A; Rumpf, M; Six, J; Thénard, J M; Treille, D; Volte, A; Yaffe, D; Yiou, T P; Yoshida, H

1977-01-01

From the study of the reaction pi /sup -/p to p/sub F/pp pi /sup -/ using a fast proton (p/sub F/) trigger device in the CERN Omega spectrometer, the authors find evidence for two narrow pp states produced mainly in association with a Delta degrees (1232) and a N degrees (1520). The statistical significance of each peak is greater than 6 standard deviations. Masses and natural widths of these resonances are respectively M/sub 1/=2020+or-3 MeV, Gamma /sub 1 /=24+or-12 MeV and M/sub 2/=2204+or-5 MeV, Gamma /sub 2/=16/sub -16 //sup +20/ MeV. The data are consistent with a small production of the narrow approximately 1935 MeV resonance already reported. Production cross sections for these new pp resonances are given. (8 refs).

Gergithoides Schumacher, 1915 in Vietnam, with two new species, and taxonomic notes on the genus (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jérôme Constant

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Two new species of the genus Gergithoides Schumacher, 1915 (Issinae, Hemisphaeriini, G. gnezdilovi sp. nov. from Bidoup-Nui Ba National Park in Central Vietnam and G. nui sp. nov. from Pia-Oac National Park in North Vietnam, are described. These are the only species of the genus formally recorded from Vietnam to date. Habitus, details and male genitalia are illustrated and a distribution map is provided. Four females representing three or four additional species, known from females only, are mentioned and illustrated. Taxonomic and biogeographical updates based on a thorough review of the literature are proposed and discussed for G. carinatifrons Schumacher, 1915, G. rugulosus (Melichar, 1906 and G. undulatus Wang & Che, 2003.

Measurement of cross sections for the scattering of neutrons in the energy range from 2 MeV to 4 MeV with the 15N(p,n) reaction as neutron source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poenitz, Erik

2010-01-01

In future nuclear facilities, the materials lead and bismuth can play a more important role than in today's nuclear reactors. Reliable cross section data are required for the design of those facilities. In particular the neutron transport in the lead spallation target of an Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Reactor strongly depends on the inelastic neutron scattering cross sections in the energy region from 0.5 MeV to 6 MeV. In the recent 20 years, elastic and inelastic neutron scattering cross sections were measured with high precision for a variety of elements at the PTB time-of-flight spectrometer. The D(d,n) reaction was primarily used for the production of neutrons. Because of the Q value of the reaction and the available deuteron energies, neutrons in the energy range from 6 MeV to 16 MeV can be produced. For the cross section measurement at lower energies, however, another neutron producing reaction is required. The 15 N(p,n) 15 O reaction was chosen, as it allows the production of monoenergetic neutrons with up to 5.7MeV energy. In this work, the 15 N(p,n) reaction was studied with focus on the suitability as a source for monoenergetic neutrons in scattering experiments. This includes the measurement of differential cross sections for the neutron producing reaction and the choice of optimum target conditions. Differential elastic and inelastic neutron scattering cross sections were measured for lead at four energies in the region from 2 MeV to 4 MeV incident neutron energy using the time-of-flight technique. A lead sample with natural isotopic composition was used. NE213 liquid scintillation detectors with well-known detection efficiencies were used for the detection of the scattered neutrons. Angle-integrated cross sections were determined by a Legendre polynomial expansion using least-squares methods. Additionally, measurements were carried out for isotopically pure 209 Bi and 181 Ta samples at 4 MeV incident neutron energy. Results are compared with other

Development and application of a detector for absolute measurement of neutron fluence rate in MeV region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva Dias, M. da.

1988-01-01

The development and performance of the DTS (Dual Thin Scintillator) for the absolute measurement of the neutron fluence rate between 1 and 15 MeV is decribed. The DTS detector consists of a pair of organic scintillators in a dual configuration, where the incident produces a proton-recoil which is detected in a 2Π geometry therefore avoiding the effect of the escape of protons. Thin scintillators are used resulting in small multiple scattering corrections. The theoretical caluclations of detector efficiency and proton-recoil spectrum were performed by means of a Monte Carlos code - CARLO DTS. The calculated efficiency was compared to the experimental one at two neutron energies namely 2.446 MeV and 14.04 MeV applying the Time Correlated Associated Particle technique. The theoretical and experimental efficiencies agreed within the experimental uncertainties of 1.44% and 0.77%, respectively. The performance of the DTS has been verified in an absolute 235 U(n,f) cross section measurement between 1 and 6 MeV neutron energy. The cross section results were compared to those obtained replacing the DTS detector by the NBS (National Bureau of Standards, USA) Black Neutron Detector. The agreement was excellent in the overlapping energy interval of the two experiments (between 1 and 3 MeV), within the estimated uncertainly in the range of 1,0 to 1,7%. The agreement with the most recent evaluation from the ENDF/B-VI was excellent in almost all the energy range between 1 and 6 MeV. The 235 U(n,f) cross section, average over the 252 Cf fission neutron spectrum has been evaluated. The result including the cross section values of the present work was 1220 mb, in excellent agreement with the average value among the most recent measurements, 1227 +- 12 mb, and with the value 1213 mb, using the ENDF/B-VI data. (author) [pt

Evidence for a resonant behaviour in e+e- annihilation into hadrons, around 1820 MeV, at Adone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bacci, C.; Zorzi, G. de; Penso, G.; Stella, B.; Baldini-Celio, R.; Capon, G.; Fabbro, R. del; Iarocci, E.; Murtas, G.P.; Spinetti, M.

1977-01-01

Multihadron production has been measured at the Adone e + e - storage ring in the c.m. energy region 1600/1900 MeV. A resonant behaviour is observed, centered at 1819 +- 5 (+-2) MeV, with a width of 24 +-5 (+-4) MeV. This effect is observed only in the events with 3 or 4 charged particles together with photons, but not in those without photons. (Auth.)

Nuclear and activation characteristics of materials in 14.1-MeV and 2.5-MeV neutron field

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seki, Yasushi; Takeyasu, Yuuichi.

1988-11-01

The nuclear and activation characteristics of various materials and elements of interest in terms of fusion reactor design are calculated and the results are graphically shown. The elements and materials are placed in a simple geometry modelling a blanket and shield of a fusion reactor. The neutrons with 14.1-MeV and 2.5-MeV energy are generated from the region represented as D-T and D-D plasma, respectively. The following activation characteristics after neutron irradiation are shown for each material and element; 1. Time evolution of induced activity, 2. Time evolution of decay heat, 3. Delayed gamma-ray dose distribution, 4. Decay heat distribution. In addition to the above activation characteristics, nuclear characteristics during the neutron irradiation, e.g. neutron energy spectra, neutron and gamma-ray flux distribution, nuclear heating distributions, and neutron and gamma-ray dose rate are also shown. (author)

Approaching Africa: The Reception of African Visual Culture in Germany 1894-1915

OpenAIRE

Husemann, Manuela

2015-01-01

This thesis focuses on the approaches to African visual culture in German publications between 1894 and 1915. Considering the development from a purely ethnographic analysis towards an art historical and art scientific discourse, it brings together formerly unconnected fields of research. By introducing theories from translation studies this thesis will identify how scholars from different disciplines analysed and interpreted African art in order to mediate their function, meaning and form...

Electron-positron collision physics: 1 MeV to 2 TeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perl, M.L.

1988-07-01

An overview of electron-positron collision physics is presented. It begins at 1 MeV, the energy region of positronium formation, and extends to 2 TeV, the energy region which requires an electron- positron linear collider. In addition, the concept of searching for a lepton-specific forces is discussed. 18 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab

Calculations of neutron and proton induced reaction cross sections for actinides in the energy region from 10 MeV to 1 GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konshin, V.A.

1995-01-01

Several nuclear model codes were applied to calculations of nuclear data in the energy region from 10 MeV to 1 GeV. At energies up to 100 MeV the nuclear theory code GNASH was used for nuclear data calculation for incident neutrons for 238 U, 233-236 U, 238-242 Pu, 237 Np, 232 Th, 241-243 Am and 242-247 Cm. At energies from 100 MeV to 1 GeV the intranuclear cascade exciton model including the fission process was applied to calculations of protons and neutrons with 233 U, 235 U, 238 U, 232 Th, 232 Pa, 237 Np, 238 Np, 239 Pu, 241 Am, 242 Am and 242-248 Cm. Determination of parameter systematics was a major effort in the present work that was aimed at improving the predictive capability of the models used. An emphasis was made on a simultaneous analysis of data for a variety of reaction channels for the nucleus considered, as well as of data that are available for nearby nuclei or other incident particles. Comparison with experimental data available on multiple reaction cross sections, isotope yields, fission cross sections, particle multiplicities, secondary particle spectra, and double differential cross sections indicates that the calculations reproduce the trends, and often the details, of the experimental data. (author)

Calculations of neutron and proton induced reaction cross sections for actinides in the energy region from 10MeV to 1GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konshin, V.A.

1995-06-01

Several nuclear model codes were applied to calculations of nuclear data in the energy region from 10MeV to 1GeV. At energies up to 100MeV the nuclear theory code GNASH was used for nuclear data calculation for neutrons incident for on 238 U, 233-236 U, 238-242 Pu, 237 Np, 232 Th, 241-243 Am and 242-247 Cm. At energies from 100MeV to 1GeV the intranuclear cascade exciton model including the fission process was applied to calculations of protons and neutrons with 233 U, 235 U, 238 U, 232 Th, 232 Pa, 237 Np, 238 Np, 239 Pu, 241 Am, 242 Am and 242-248 Cm. Determination of parameter systematics was a major effort in the present work that was aimed at improving the predictive capability of the models used. An emphasis was placed upon a simultaneous analysis of data for a variety of reaction channels for the nuclei considered, as well as of data that are available for nearby nuclei or for other incident particles. Comparisons with experimental data available on multiple reaction cross sections, isotope yields, fission cross sections, particle multiplicities, secondary particle spectra, and double differential cross sections indicate that the calculations reproduce the trends, and often the details, of the measurements data. (author) 82 refs

Invariant-mass distributions for the pp{yields}pp{eta} reaction at Q=10 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moskal, P.; Czerwinski, E.; Klaja, J.; Klaja, P.; Krzemien, W. [Jagellonian University, Institute of Physics, Cracow (Poland); Research Center Juelich, Nuclear Physics Institute, Juelich (Germany); Czyzykiewicz, R. [Jagellonian University, Institute of Physics, Cracow (Poland); University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice (Poland); Gil, D.; Jarczyk, L.; Kamys, B.; Silarski, M.; Smyrski, J.; Zdebik, J.; Zielinski, M.J. [Jagellonian University, Institute of Physics, Cracow (Poland); Grzonka, D.; Oelert, W.; Ritman, J.; Sefzick, T.; Wuestner, P. [Research Center Juelich, Nuclear Physics Institute, Juelich (Germany); Khoukaz, A.; Taeschner, A.; Zipper, W. [Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet, IKP, Muenster (Germany); Siemaszko, M. [University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice (Poland); Wolke, M. [SE-751 05 Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala (Sweden)

2010-02-15

Proton-proton and proton-{eta} invariant-mass distributions and the total cross-section for the pp{yields}pp{eta} reaction have been determined near the threshold at an excess energy of Q=10 MeV. The experiment has been conducted using the COSY-11 detector setup and the cooler synchrotron COSY. The determined invariant-mass spectra reveal significant enhancements in the region of low proton-proton relative momenta, similarly as observed previously at higher excess energies of Q=15.5 MeV and Q=40 MeV. (orig.)

NuSTAR spectroscopy of GRS 1915+105: Disk reflection, spin, and connections to jets

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Miller, J. M.; Parker, M. L.; Fuerst, F.

2013-01-01

We report on the results of spectral fits made to a NuSTAR observation of the black hole GRS 1915+105 in a “plateau” state. This state is of special interest because it is similar to the “low/hard” state seen in other black holes, especially in that compact, steady jets are launched in this phase...

Origins of the Mexican Air Force, 1913-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lawrence Douglas Taylor Hansen

2006-07-01

Full Text Available The study examines the efforts of the Constitutionalists to develop an aerial corps during  the period of the revolt against the usurper government headed by Victoriano Huerta (1913-1914 and the subsequent war between the revolutionary factions (1914-1915. Given that military  aviation was still in its infancy, it considers the particular circumstances and motives that impelled the revolutionaries to adopt this new arm to act in conjunction with their army groups in the northern campaigns. It assesses the overall results of the use of the airplane by the constitutionalists, especially during the factional struggle, as well as its importance for the later development of the air arm as an integral part of the national army.

Medicaid 1915(c) Home- and Community-Based Services Waivers for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Science.gov (United States)

Velott, Diana L.; Agbese, Edeanya; Mandell, David; Stein, Bradley D.; Dick, Andrew W.; Yu, Hao; Leslie, Douglas L.

2016-01-01

This research aims to describe the characteristics of 1915(c) Home- and Community-Based Services waivers for children with autism spectrum disorder across states and over time. While increasingly popular, little is known about these Medicaid waivers. Understanding the characteristics of these programs is important to clinicians and policymakers in…

17O(n,α)14C cross section from 25 meV to approximately 1 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koehler, P.E.; Graff, S.M.

1991-01-01

We have measured the 17 O(n,α) 14 C cross section from thermal energy to approximately 1 MeV. A bump in the data near 3 keV could be fitted by a state whose properties are consistent with a known subthreshold J π =1 - level at E x =8.039 MeV. The cause of the 1/v cross section near thermal energy could not be determined although the known 2 + state at 8.213 MeV was found to be too narrow to contribute much to the thermal cross section. Our data are compared to measurements made via the inverse reaction. There are many differences between the two sets of data. The astrophysical reaction rate was calculated from the measured cross section. This reaction plays a role in the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements in nonstandard big-bang models. At big-bang temperatures, the experimental rate was found to be in fair agreement with the rate estimated from the previously known properties of states of 18 O in this region. Furthermore, using the available information from experiments, it was estimated that the 17 O(n,α) 14 C rate is approximately a factor of 10 3 --10 4 times larger than the 17 O(n,γ) 18 O rate at big-bang temperatures. As a result, there may be significant cycling between 14 C and 17 O resulting in a reduction of heavy-element nucleosynthesis

Gold standard capture cross section from 100 keV to 15 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryves, T.B.

1982-01-01

The capture cross section of gold is now generally accepted as the principal reference standard, and therefore in this review only gold is considered. Recent measurements of the gold capture cross section in the unresolved region are discussed and compared with the ENDF/B-V evaluation. It is concluded that in the energy interval 100 to 2000 keV the present uncertainty in the evaluation is +-8%, in the interval 2 to 3.5 MeV the uncertainty is +-4%, in ther interval 3.5 to 14 MeV more measurements are needed before a realistic error can be assigned, and from 14 to 15 MeV the uncertainty is +-10%. Several recommendations for future work have been made

Measurement of 197Au(tau,xnyp) excitation functions for 15 MeV <= Esub(tau) <= 135 MeV and analysis in the framework of the hybrid model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bousshid, O.

1981-01-01

The (tau,xnyp)-reactions on 197 Au were measured. The 3 He incident energy was between 15 MeV and 135 MeV. The experiments were carried out using the stacked-foils technique. Cross sections were determind from the activity of the residual nuclei. The (tau,xn)-excitation functions were measured for 2 = 70 MeV as well as x >= 7 were measured for the first time. Further the (tau,pxn)- and (tau,2pxn)-excitation functions, which were not known so far, have now been measured. The analysis within the framework of the hybrid model for precompound-nuclear-reactions followed by an evaporation cascade, resulted in the best agreement between experimental data and theoretical model calculation using an initial exciton number nsub(o) = 5 (1n+3p+1h). The region of validity of the hybrid model for complex projectiles is discussed. (orig.) [de

Centennial of General Relativity (1915-2015); The Schwarzschild Solution and Black Holes

OpenAIRE

Blinder, S. M.

2015-01-01

This year marks the 100th anniversary of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity (1915-2015). The first nontrivial solution of the Einstein field equations was derived by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916. This Note will focus mainly on the Schwarzschild solution and the remarkable developments which it inspired, the most dramatic being the prediction of black holes. Later extensions of Schwarzschild's spacetime structure has led to even wilder conjectures, such as white holes and passages to other ...

The NSW Steam Trawl Fishery on the South-East Continental Shelf of Australia, 1915–1961

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lund Jacobsen, A. Lif

2014-01-01

How was modern fishing methods, in the form of steam trawling, introduced in Australia? And what were the consequences for the fish stocks found on the South-East Continental Shelf? Through historical catch records and archival resources, the history of the NSW Steam Trawl Industry from 1915...

Smith-Purcell radiation from a 50 MeV beam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brownell, J.H.; Walsh, J. [Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH (United States). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Kirk, H.G.; Fernow, R.C. [Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (United States). Dept. of Physics; Robertson, S.H. [Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States). Dept. of Astrophysics and Geophysics

1996-10-01

A 50 MeV electron beam and a 1 mm period, 5{degree} blaze, echelle grating have been used to produce radiation in the mid-infrared spectral region. The emission is highly collimated and forward-directed. The intensity level in the few ps pulse (2 nJ/sr) indicates a degree of coherent enhancement.

Smith-Purcell radiation from a 50 MeV beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brownell, J.H.; Walsh, J.; Kirk, H.G.; Fernow, R.C.; Robertson, S.H.

1996-10-01

A 50 MeV electron beam and a 1 mm period, 5 degree blaze, echelle grating have been used to produce radiation in the mid-infrared spectral region. The emission is highly collimated and forward-directed. The intensity level in the few ps pulse (2 nJ/sr) indicates a degree of coherent enhancement

Film dosimetric investigations on the exposure of the eyes in radiation therapy of the head and the cervical region with fast electrons up to 17 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stecher, M.; Eichler, R.

1978-01-01

Dose distributions in irradiating tumors of the head and the cervical region with 17 MeV electrons were determined in a phantom with films. From the isodoses obtained it can be derived how radiation reaches the eyes and how the dose to the eyes is influenced. Guidance is provided for the reduction of the dose to the eye. (author)

Status of the 160 MeV H- Injection into the CERN PSB

CERN Document Server

Weterings, W; Benedetto, E; Borburgh, J; Bracco, C; Carli, C; Goddard, B; Hanke, K; Mikulec, B; Newborough, A; Noulibos, R; Tan, J

2012-01-01

The 160 MeV H- beam from the LINAC4 will be injected into the 4 superimposed rings of the PS Booster (PSB) with a new H- charge-exchange injection system. This entails a massive upgrade of the injection region. The hardware requirements and constraints, the performance specifications and the design of the H- injection region are described.

A 600 MeV cyclotron for radioactive beam production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clark, D.J.

1993-01-01

The magnetic field design for a 600 MeV proton cyclotron is described. The cyclotron has a single stage, a normal conducting magnet coil and a 9.8 m outside yoke diameter. It has 8 sectors, with a transition to 4 sectors in the center region. The magnetic field design was done using 1958 Harwell rectangular ridge system measurements and was compared with recent 3-dimensional field calculations with the program TOSCA at NSCL. The center region 4--8 sector transition focussing was also checked with TOSCA

A 30 MeV H- cyclotron for isotope production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milton, B.F.; Dawson, R.; Erdman, K.L.

1989-05-01

Because of an expanding market for radioisotopes there is a need for a new generation of cyclotrons designed specifically for this purpose. TRIUMF is cooperating with a local industrial company in designing and constructing such a cyclotron. It will be a four sector H - cyclotron, exploiting the newly developed high brightness multicusp ion source. This source with H - current capability in excess of 5 mA makes feasible accelerated H - beam intensities of up to 500 μA. Beam extraction is by stripping to H + in a thin graphite foil. Extraction of two high-intensity beams, with energy variable from 15 to 30 MeV is planned. The use of an external ion source, provision of a good vacuum in the acceleration region, and the careful choice of materials for components in the median plane leads to a cyclotron that will have low activation and can be easily serviced in spite of the very high operating beam intensities. A design extension to 70 MeV using many of the design features of the 30 MeV cyclotron can be easily made. Such a machine with a good quality variable energy beam is a highly desirable source of protons for isotope production, injection into higher energy high intensity acceleration, injection into higher energy high intensity accelerators, and as an irradiation facility for ocular melanomas. Design of the 30 MeV cyclotron is well advanced and construction is in progress

Study of the neutron-proton interaction in the 300 to 700 MeV energy region. Annual progress report, 1982-1983

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Northcliffe, L.C.

1983-01-01

Progress by the LAMPF user group from Texas A and M University is described. The principal activities since last year's report have included four months of data taking to complete LAMPF Experiment No. 518 (Polarized Beam and Target Experiments in the p-p System. Phase II. Measurements of A/sub zz/ and A/sub xz/ for the d/sub π/ + Channel and for the Elastic Channel from 500 to 800 MeV) which began running in mid-June 1982. There were also about six weeks of data taking on LAMPF Experiment No. 664 (The Measurement of the Polarization Transfer Coefficients A/sub t/' and D/sub t/ at 500, 650 and 800 MeV for the Reaction d(polarized p, polarized n)2p), and one week of data taking at 800 MeV on LAMPF Experiment No. 590 (Measurement of D(theta) in p-n and n-p Scattering at 800, 650 MeV and Other Energies with Associated p-p Measurements). In addition there were preparations for LAMPF Experiment No. 665 (The Measurement of np Elastic Scattering Spin Correlation Parameters with L- and S-Type Polarized Beam and Target between 500 and 800 MeV) which began running last month and will continue until the end of the year

Measured neutron carbon kerma factors from 14.1 MeV to 18 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deluca, P.M.; Barschall, H.H.; McDonald, J.C.

1985-01-01

For A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic, the total neutron kerma is dominated by the hydrogen kerma. Tissue kerma is inferred with reasonable accuracy by normalization to the kerma factor ratio between tissue and A-150 plastic. Because of the close match in the hydrogen abundance in these materials, the principal uncertainty is due to the kerma factors of carbon and oxygen. We have measured carbon kerma factor values of 0.183+-0.015 10 -8 cGy cm 2 and 0.210+-0.016 10 -8 cGy cm 2 at 14.1-MeV and 15-MeV neutron energy, respectively. A preliminary value of 0.297+-0.03 10 -8 cGy cm 2 has been determined at 17.9 MeV. A recent microscopic cross section measurement of the (n,n'3α) reaction in carbon at 14.1-MeV energy gives a kerma factor of 0.184+-0.019 10 -8 cGy cm 2 in agreement with the present result

Th{sup 232} (n,2n) Th{sup 231} cross section from threshold to 20.4 Mev

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Butler, J P; Santry, D C

1961-07-01

The excitation curve for the reaction Th{sup 232} (n,2n) Th{sup 231} has been measured by the activation method from the threshold energy, 6.34 Mev, to 20.4 Mev, relative to the known cross section for the S{sup 32} (n, p) P{sup 32} reaction. Monoenergetic neutrons were obtained from the D (d,n) He{sup 3} and T (d,n) He{sup 4} reactions employing a Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator. From threshold to 9.0 Mev, the (n,2n) cross section rises rapidly, reaching its maximum value of 1.88 {+-} 0.09 barns in the region of 9.5 to 11.0 Mev. Above 11.5 Mev the (n,2n) cross section decreases due to competition of the (n,3n) and (n,2nf) reactions and at 20.4 Mev it has a value of 0.22{sub 5} {+-} 0.01{sub 5} barns. (author)

Comparison of Time/Phase Lags in the Hard State and Plateau State of GRS 1915+105

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pahari, M.; Neilsen, J.; Yadav, J.S.; Misra, R.; Uttley, P.

2013-01-01

We investigate the complex behavior of energy- and frequency-dependent time/phase lags in the plateau state and the radio-quiet hard (χ) state of GRS 1915+105. In our timing analysis, we find that when the source is faint in the radio, quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are observed above 2 Hz and

Measurements of pp→π+d between 398 MeV and 572 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aebischer, D.; Favier, B.; Greeniaus, L.G.; Hess, R.; Junod, A.; Lechanoine, C.; Nikles, J.-C.; Rapin, D.; Werren, D.W.

1976-01-01

The reaction pp→π + d was studied at incident proton energies of 398, 455, 497, 530 and 572 MeV. Measurements of dsigma/dΩ at 455 and 572 MeV show the presence of pion d-waves in the pion-deuteron system. Asymmetry measurements yield similar conclusions. Total cross-section measurements agree with recent fits to earlier data. (Auth.)

160 MeV $H^-$ Injection into the CERN PSB

CERN Document Server

Weterings, W; Borburgh, J; Fowler, T; Gerigk, F; Goddard, B; Hanke, K; Martini, M; Sermeus, L

2007-01-01

The H- beam from the proposed LINAC4 will be injected into the four existing rings of the PS Booster at 160 MeV. A substantial upgrade of the injection region is required, including the modification of the beam distribution system and the construction of a new H- injection system. This paper discusses beam dynamics and hardware requirements and presents the results of optimisation studies of the injection process for different beam characteristics and scenarios. The resulting conceptual design of the injection region is presented, together with the main hardware modifications and performance specifications.

DR AVRAM JOZEF VINAVER (1862-1915) - PIONEER OF RADIOLOGY IN SERBIA.

Science.gov (United States)

Babić, Rade Radomir; Stanković Babić, Gordana

2015-01-01

Dr Abraham Joseph Vinaver (1862-1915), a Jew from Poland, was a pioneer of radiology in Serbia. He graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Warsaw (1887), but lived and worked in abac (the Kingdom of Serbia) since 1890. Dr Abraham Joseph Vinarev - Career Development. He procured the first X-ray machine and developed radiological service in Sabac five years after the discovery of X-rays. These were the beginnings of radiology in Serbia. He introduced the application of artesian wells. Dr Abraham Joseph Vinarev - a Participant at the First Congress of Serbian Physicians and Naturalists, Belgrade 1904. "The diagnostic importance of X-rays in lung disease, especially in initial tuberculosis" and "Five Years of Treatment by X-Ray Machines" were the first works in the field of radiology in Serbia by this author. Dr Abraham Joseph Vinaver - Reserve Medical Officer in the Serbian Army. During the Balkan Wars, he was a volunteer with the rank of major engaged in military corps and he participated in the First World War as well. He died of malaria in 1915 in Gevgelija. "Dr Avram Vinaver"- Stanislav Vinarev. His dedication to work during the typhus epidemics was put into verses of a poem by his son Stanislav Vinarev. Dr Avram Vinaver Joseph was a noble man with a great heart, who selflessly sacrificed himself for the Serbian people and Serbia. He gave his contribution to the development of health services in Serbia, both in peacetime and wartime conditions. Dr Abraham Joseph Vinaver laid the foundations for today's radiology in Serbia.

Physicians, diseases, and territory occupation at the Comissão de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas (1907-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arthur Torres Caser

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The article analyzes the reports generated by physicians participating in the Comissão de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas de Mato Grosso ao Amazonas (CLTEMTA, or Rondon Commission, that labored in these states between 1907 and 1915. The commission had as its objective the construction of telegraph lines to the borders of Brazil with Bolivia and Peru. The construction activity was also accompanied by scientific studies for the 'productive occupation' of the region and by the writing of medical assessments of the region. These assessments of the so called 'northwest hinterlands' (sertões highlighted the region's unhealthy climate and the debilitating impact of malaria. The purpose is to analyze the impact of this disease in the works of the CLTEMTA. Our hypothesis is that one of its main effects was the elaboration of medical studies more and more detailed about the possible causes of diseases in that region.

Occupation, repression and resistance Čačak district, Serbia, in 1915-1918

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Trifunović Bogdan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The paper analyses the Austro-Hungarian occupation regime in Serbia 1915-1918 from the perspective both of its treatment of civilians and of resistance to occupation, focusing on the Čačak District, western Serbia. It examines actions against the occupation authorities, the composition of k. u k. military presence in the district, the measures applied to suppress armed resistance (e.g. disarmament, internment, public executions, the estimated number of military and civilian casualties.

Energy monitoring device for 1.5-2.4 MeV electron beams

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fuochi, P.G., E-mail: fuochi@isof.cnr.i [CNR-ISOF, Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna (Italy); Lavalle, M.; Martelli, A. [CNR-ISOF, Via P. Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna (Italy); Kovacs, A. [Institute of Isotopes, HAS, P.O.Box 77, H-1525 Budapest (Hungary); Mehta, K. [Arbeiterstrandbad Strasse 72, Vienna, A-1210 (Austria); Kuntz, F.; Plumeri, S. [Aerial, Parc d' Innovation Rue Laurent Fries F-67400 Illkirch (France)

2010-03-11

An easy-to-use and robust energy monitoring device has been developed for reliable detection of day-to-day small variations in the electron beam energy, a critical parameter for quality control and quality assurance in industrial radiation processing. It has potential for using on-line, thus providing real-time information. Its working principle is based on the measurement of currents, or charges, collected by two aluminium absorbers of specific thicknesses (dependent on the beam energy), insulated from each other and positioned within a faraday cup-style aluminium cage connected to the ground. The device has been extensively tested in the energy range of 4-12 MeV under standard laboratory conditions at Institute of Isotopes and CNR-ISOF using different types of electron accelerators; namely, a TESLA LPR-4 LINAC (3-6 MeV) and a L-band Vickers LINAC (7-12 MeV), respectively. This device has been also tested in high power electron beam radiation processing facilities, one equipped with a 7-MeV LUE-8 linear accelerator used for crosslinking of cables and medical device sterilization, and the other equipped with a 10 MeV Rhodotron TT100 recirculating accelerator used for in-house sterilization of medical devices. In the present work, we have extended the application of this method to still lower energy region, i.e. from 1.5 to 2.4 MeV. Also, we show that such a device is capable of detecting deviation in the beam energy as small as 40 keV.

Energy monitoring device for 1.5-2.4 MeV electron beams

Science.gov (United States)

Fuochi, P. G.; Lavalle, M.; Martelli, A.; Kovács, A.; Mehta, K.; Kuntz, F.; Plumeri, S.

2010-03-01

An easy-to-use and robust energy monitoring device has been developed for reliable detection of day-to-day small variations in the electron beam energy, a critical parameter for quality control and quality assurance in industrial radiation processing. It has potential for using on-line, thus providing real-time information. Its working principle is based on the measurement of currents, or charges, collected by two aluminium absorbers of specific thicknesses (dependent on the beam energy), insulated from each other and positioned within a faraday cup-style aluminium cage connected to the ground. The device has been extensively tested in the energy range of 4-12 MeV under standard laboratory conditions at Institute of Isotopes and CNR-ISOF using different types of electron accelerators; namely, a TESLA LPR-4 LINAC (3-6 MeV) and a L-band Vickers LINAC (7-12 MeV), respectively. This device has been also tested in high power electron beam radiation processing facilities, one equipped with a 7-MeV LUE-8 linear accelerator used for crosslinking of cables and medical device sterilization, and the other equipped with a 10 MeV Rhodotron TT100 recirculating accelerator used for in-house sterilization of medical devices. In the present work, we have extended the application of this method to still lower energy region, i.e. from 1.5 to 2.4 MeV. Also, we show that such a device is capable of detecting deviation in the beam energy as small as 40 keV.

Measured neutron carbon kerma factors from 14.1 MeV to 18 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deluca, P.M. Jr.; Barschall, H.H.; Haight, R.C.; McDonald, J.C.

1984-01-01

For A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic, the total neutron kerma is dominated by the hydrogen kerma. Tissue kerma is inferred with reasonable accuracy by normalization to the kerma factor ratio between tissue and A-150 plastic. Because of the close match in the hydrogen abundance in these materials, the principal uncertainty is due to the kerma factors of carbon and oxygen. We have measured carbon kerma factor values of 0.183 +- 0.015 10 -8 cGy cm 2 and 0.210 +- 0.16 10 -8 cGy cm 2 at 14.1-MeV and 15-MeV neutron energy, respectively. A preliminary value of 0.297 +- 0.03 10 -8 cGy cm 2 has been determined at 17.9 MeV. A recent microscopic cross section measurement of the (n,n'3α) reaction in carbon at 14.1-MeV energy gives a kerma factor of 0.184 +- 0.019 10 8 cGy cm 2 in agreement with the present result. 9 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs

Memories of Serbian victims under Bulgarian occupation in Leskovački glasnik (1915-1918

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antić Dejan D.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The Serbian army was forced to retreat towards Metohija and Albania eventually due to the armed aggression and attacks from the north and east in October 1915 by the united forces of the German and Austro-Hungarian units against the Kingdom of Serbia. Together with the army, the monarch, executive and legislative branch, intellectuals and civilians also retreated, not wanting to fall in the hands of the incoming army formations of the Central Powers. Following the retreat of the government and army bodies, the territory of the Kingdom of Serbia found itself under the control of the enemy forces, which started the 3-year period of occupation. The subject of this paper are the texts written by the newspaper called Leskovački glasnik (Leskovac Messenger in the period between World War I and World War II, which dealt with the sufferings of the Serbian civilians in the Bulgarian occupied zone from 1915 to 1918. Special attention is paid to the Leskovački glasnik's reports about marking the anniversary of the Bulgarian terror and killings of Serbs, about opening and consecration of memorials, about the heroic deeds and the tragic destiny of the people in south Serbia.

Study of the pion electromagnetic form factor in the timelike region, from the production threshold to 900 MeV in the center of mass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quenzer, A.

1977-01-01

The pion form factor is measured in the reaction e + e - →π + π - for center of mass energies in the range 480-900 MeV. The results are first analysed in terms of the conventional Vector Meson Dominance formalism, and then taking into account the ωπ inelastic channel. The results of this later formalisms is a pion form factor (F) which fits quite well all the existing data on F both in the timelike and spacelike regions, and a pion mean square radius [fr

High-resolution Auger spectroscopy on 79 MeV Ar5+, 89 MeV Ar6+, and 136 MeV Ar7+ ions after excitation by helium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schneider, T.

1988-01-01

In this thesis the atomic structure of highly excited Ar 6+ and Ar 7+ ions was studied. For this 79 MeV Ar 5+ , 89 MeV Ar 6+ , and 136 MeV Ar 7+ ions of a heavy ion accelerator were excited by a He gas target to autoionizing states and the Auger electrons emitted in the decay were measured in highly-resolving state. The spectra were taken under an observational angle of zero degree relative to the beam axis in order to minimize the kinematical broadening of the Auger lines. (orig./HSI) [de

James F. T. Bugental (1915-2008).

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, Kirk J; Greening, Tom

2009-01-01

James F. T. Bugental died peacefully at age 92 at his Petaluma, California, home on September 18, 2008. Jim was a leading psychotherapist and a founding father, with Abraham Maslow and others, of humanistic psychology, or the "third force" (in contrast to psychoanalysis and behaviorism). Jim was also the creator, along with Rollo May, of existential-humanistic psychotherapy. Jim was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana, on Christmas Day in 1915. Jim earned his doctorate in 1948 from Ohio State University, where he was influenced by Victor Raimy and George Kelly. After a brief time on the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) faculty in psychology, Jim resigned in 1953 to found the first group practice of psychotherapy, Psychological Service Associates, with Alvin Lasko. With Abraham Maslow and others, Jim was a cofounder of the Journal of Humanistic Psychology (JHP) and the Association for Humanistic Psychology in 1961. Jim also wrote many books on the topic of psychotherapy during his lifetime. Jim was a great and bold spirit--his many writings and teachings are cherished today widely, and the field of psychology is much richer for his efforts. 2009 APA, all rights reserved

Cross sections and analyzing powers of 15N(p,n)15O at 200 MeV and 494 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ciskowski, D.E.

1989-11-01

Differential cross sections and analyzing powers have been measured for the 15 N(p,n) 15 O(g.s.) reaction at bombarding energies of 200 MeV and 494 MeV. The 494 MeV data were obtained at the LAMPF Neutron Time-Of-Flight Facility on an 82 m flight path with a resolution of about 2.7 MeV. The 200 MeV data were obtained at IUCF on a 76m flight path with a resolution of about 1.1 MeV. At both energies, the measured analyzing power is small, the magnitude is less than .2 for momentum transfers of less than 1 fm -1 . In contrast, both Relativistic and standard DWIA calculations predict a maximum of A=-.7 near q=0.7 fm -1 . 53 refs., 44 figs

Photoresponse of {sup 94}Mo at energies up to 8.6 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romig, Christopher; Fritzsche, M.; Lindenberg, K.; Pietralla, N.; Savran, D.; Sonnabend, K. [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Technische Universitaet, Darmstadt (Germany); Rusev, G.; Tonchev, A.P.; Tornow, W.; Weller, H.R. [Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC (United States); Zilges, A. [Institut fuer Kernphysik, Universitaet Koeln (Germany)

2009-07-01

The isotope {sup 94}Mo was investigated in nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments at the High Intensity Photon Setup (HIPS) at the S-DALINAC in Darmstadt using bremsstrahlung photons with energies of 7.65 and 8.6 MeV, respectively, and at the High Intensity {gamma}-ray Source (HI{gamma}S) at Duke University using photons from Laser Compton backscattering. Thereby over 60 excitations were found which could be assigned to {sup 94}Mo due to the highly enriched sample. In the energy region between 5.4 and 8 MeV many transitions could be classified as dipole transitions and cross sections, angular momentum quantum numbers, half-lifes and transition strengths were determined. At HI{gamma}S the parity quantum numbers of 40 excitations between 5.5 and 7.0 MeV could be determined. The methods and results are presented.

Creation of Nuclear Data Base up to 150 MeV and corresponding scaling approach for ADS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shubin, Y. N.; Gai, E. V.; Ignatyuk, A. V.; Lunev, V. P.

1997-01-01

The status of nuclear data in the energy region up to 150 MeV is outlined. The specific physical reasons for the detailed investigations of nuclear structure effects is noted out. The necessity of the development of Nuclear Data System for ADS is stressed. The program for the creation of nuclear data base up to 150 MeV and corresponding scaling approach for ADS is proposed. (Author) 14 refs

Comparison of 4.2 MeV Fe+ and 46.5 MeV Ni6+ ion irradiation for the study of void swelling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blamires, N.G.; Worth, J.H.

1975-11-01

Void formation in pure nickel and 316 steel containing 10 ppm He has been studied using 4.2 MeV Fe+ ions from the Harwell Van de Graaff accelerator. The dose dependence of swelling in nickel at 525degC and the dose and temperature dependence of swelling in 316 steel is reported. The results are compared with those of other workers, especially those sup(13,14) using 46.5 MeV Ni 6+ ions. In general, there is good agment, except for a marked decrease in swelling of 316 steel at 650degC and 700degC compared with the Ni 6+ bombardment. The reason for this is thought to result from the restricted width of the damaged region in the low energy case which at the high temperatures is comparable with the inter-void spacing. Anomalous void distributions adjacent to grain boundaries are reported and are probably caused by grain boundary movement. Denuded zones at grain boundaries in 316 steel vary in width from approximatly 1300A at 450degC to approximatly 8800A at 700degC. The region adjacent to the surface of the nickel specimens exhibits an abnormally high swelling. Possible explanations are suggested

14 MeV neutrons physics and applications

CERN Document Server

Valkovic, Vladivoj

2015-01-01

Despite the often difficult and time-consuming effort of performing experiments with fast (14 MeV) neutrons, these neutrons can offer special insight into nucleus and other materials because of the absence of charge. 14 MeV Neutrons: Physics and Applications explores fast neutrons in basic science and applications to problems in medicine, the environment, and security.Drawing on his more than 50 years of experience working with 14 MeV neutrons, the author focuses on:Sources of 14 MeV neutrons, including laboratory size accelerators, small and sealed tube generators, well logging sealed tube ac

Ciência, telégrafos e geografia: os engenheiros militares da Comissão Rondon, 1907-1915 Science, telegraphs, and geography: military engineers in the Rondon Commission, 1907-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia M. Aranha

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Tem como objeto os trabalhos de demarcação de fronteiras e inventário do território noroeste do país entre 1907 e 1915, ocasião em que se destacam as realizações da Comissão Construtora de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas do Mato Grosso ao Amazonas, organizada pelos ministérios da Guerra, Viação e Obras Públicas e Agricultura, com vistas à integração nacional. A pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar as formas pelas quais se desenvolviam os trabalhos de levantamento topográfico, realizados pelos engenheiros militares enviados pelo Ministério da Guerra, e compreender as atividades desses militares em campo. Além disso, há interesse nas demandas do Ministério da Guerra e em como o atendimento a elas se dava no interior da comissão.The article focuses on the work to demarcate borders and chart the Brazilian northwest from 1907 to 1915, a project aimed at national integration and undertaken by the Rondon Commission for the Construction of Telegraph Lines from Mato Grosso to Amazonas, which was organized by the Brazilian ministries of War, Transportation and Public Works, and Agriculture. The study explores the ways in which topographic surveys were conducted by the military engineers sent by the Ministry of War and also endeavors to understand their activities in the field. Of further interest are the demands made by the War Ministry and how they were responded to within the commission.

Study of the neutron-proton interaction in the 300 to 700 MeV energy region. Annual progress report (1985-1986)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Northcliffe, L.C.

1986-01-01

Results obtained for experiments conducted at the LAMPF are reported. All of these experiments utilize the LAMPF polarized (50%) neutron beam and hydrogen targets. Measurements are reported for spin-correlation parameters (500 to 800 MeV, 13 GeV/c, 18.5 GeV/c) and the analyzing power (800 MeV) for n-p elastic scattering. The status of earlier LAMPF experiments by this group are also included

Ciência, telégrafos e geografia: os engenheiros militares da Comissão Rondon, 1907-1915 Science, telegraphs, and geography: military engineers in the Rondon Commission, 1907-1915

OpenAIRE

Patrícia M. Aranha

2013-01-01

Tem como objeto os trabalhos de demarcação de fronteiras e inventário do território noroeste do país entre 1907 e 1915, ocasião em que se destacam as realizações da Comissão Construtora de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas do Mato Grosso ao Amazonas, organizada pelos ministérios da Guerra, Viação e Obras Públicas e Agricultura, com vistas à integração nacional. A pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar as formas pelas quais se desenvolviam os trabalhos de levantamento topográfico, realizados pe...

Valence and inner proton hole states in 207Tl via the (d,3He) reaction at 108 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Langevin-Joliot, H.; Gerlic, E.; Guillot, J.; Van de Wiele, J.

1983-01-01

The excitation energy spectra of the residual nucleus 207 Tl have been investigated up to 14 MeV using the (d, 3 He) reaction at 108 MeV. New groups and high lying structures are first observed up to 8.3 MeV, in addition to the five known low lying levels. Beyond a minimum at 7.13 MeV, weaker structures are observed riding over an asymetric bump located around 9 MeV. DWBA analysis of angular distributions have allowed l attributions and the determination of valence and inner hole spectroscopic factors. It is found that the valence levels at 1.33 MeV, 1.67 MeV and 3.47 MeV exhaust respectively about 65%, 60% and 45% of the 1hsub(11/2), 2dsub(5/2) and 1gsub(7/2) sum rules. The missing strengths are found below 8.3 MeV. The 2dsub(5/2) and 1gsub(7/2) holes contribute mainly to some well concentrated groups, whereas the 1hsub(11/2) strength is distributed more smoothly. Small contributions of 1gsub(9/2) and 2p strengths are tentatively identified below 7.13 MeV. The highest lying energy region up to 14 MeV may approximately account for the 1gsub(9/2) and (1fsub(5/2)) total sum-rule and about 70% of the 2p strength. The 1gsub(9/2) strength gives the largest contribution to the asymetric bump around 9 MeV. The deduced experimental strength functions are compared with theoretical calculations

Total cross section of 242Pu between 0.7 and 170 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moore, M.S.; Lisowski, P.W.; Morgan, G.L.; Auchampaugh, G.F.

1979-01-01

Various evaluations of the neutron cross sections of 242 Pu lead to widely different predictions of bulk neutronics properties such as critical mass. These evaluations also show rather different behavior of the energy dependence of the total cross section. The total cross section of 242 Pu from 0.7 to 170 MeV was measured to a statistical accuracy of = 0.5% below 6 MeV, using 8 g of high purity material and the WNR pulsed neutron facility. Recent evaluations by Madland and Young and by Lagrange and Jary are found to be reasonably consistent with the data obtained. Best agreement, however, is found by using a relationship between the total cross sections for 238 U, 239 Pu, and 235 U. The remarkable accuracy of this description for 242 Pu suggests that it could be extended to other deformed actinides for which inadequate amounts of material exist for direct measurements of sigma/sub T/ in the MeV region, as an evaluation constraint

Experimental and Calculated Effectiveness of a Radiochromic Dye Film to Stopping 21 MeV 7Li- and 64 MeV 16O Ions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olsen, Kjeld J; Hansen, Johnny

1984-01-01

Relative radiation effectiveness, RE, of 21 MeV 7Li and 64 MeV 16O ions being completely stopped in a tissue equivalent film dose meter has been measured as a function of penetration depth and energy, and the results have been compared with calculations based on a δ-ray theory for heavy charged...... particles developed by Katz et al. The experiment was designed to test calculations particularly in the Bragg-peak region of the slowing down particles where significant deviation between theory and experiment was found. Fitting of the characteristic D37 dose and the size of the radiation sensitive element...... in the detector, which are important parameters in the theoretical model, does not improve the overall correlation between theory and experiment. It is concluded that disagreement between theoretical and experimental RE-values below 1.5 MeV/amu is partly due to lack of equivalence between the δ-ray spectrum...

Measurements of the {sup 235}U(n,f) cross section in the 3 to 30 MeV neutron energy region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carlson, A.D.; Wasson, O.A. [National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (United States); Lisowski, P.W. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States)] [and others

1991-12-31

To improve the accuracy of the {sup 235}U(n,f) cross section, measurements have been made of this standard cross section at the target 4 facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The data were obtained at the 20-meter flight path of that facility. The fission reaction rate was determined with a fast parallel plate ionization chamber and the neutron fluence was measured with an annular proton recoil telescope. The measurements provide the shape of the {sup 235}U(n,f) cross section relative to the hydrogen scattering cross section for neutron energies from about 3 to 30 MeV neutron energy. The data have been normalized to the very accurately known value near 14 MeV. The results are in good agreement with the ENDF/B-VI evaluation up to about 15 MeV neutron energy. Above this energy differences as large as 5% are observed.

Exclusive data-based modeling of neutron-nuclear reactions below 20 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Savin, Dmitry; Kosov, Mikhail

2017-09-01

We are developing CHIPS-TPT physics library for exclusive simulation of neutron-nuclear reactions below 20 MeV. Exclusive modeling reproduces each separate scattering and thus requires conservation of energy, momentum and quantum numbers in each reaction. Inclusive modeling reproduces only selected values while averaging over the others and imposes no such constraints. Therefore the exclusive modeling allows to simulate additional quantities like secondary particle correlations and gamma-lines broadening and avoid artificial fluctuations. CHIPS-TPT is based on the formerly included in Geant4 CHIPS library, which follows the exclusive approach, and extends it to incident neutrons with the energy below 20 MeV. The NeutronHP model for neutrons below 20 MeV included in Geant4 follows the inclusive approach like the well known MCNP code. Unfortunately, the available data in this energy region is mostly presented in ENDF-6 format and semi-inclusive. Imposing additional constraints on secondary particles complicates modeling but also allows to detect inconsistencies in the input data and to avoid errors that may remain unnoticed in inclusive modeling.

Zone plate imaging of 14-MeV neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lerche, R.A.; Lane, S.M.; Hawryluk, A.M.; Ceglio, N.M.

1986-01-01

At Livermore we are interested in imaging the thermonuclear burn region of fusion targets irradiated at our Nova laser facility. We expect compressed core diameters to be 10's of microns, and would like images with better than 10-μm resolution. Alpha particle images provided the first direct information about the thermonuclear burn geometry in thin walled exploding pusher targets. In future high density target experiments, only highly penetrating radiations like the 14-MeV neutrons will escape the target core to provide information about the burn region. To make the measurement with a neutron ''pinhole'' camera requires a 10μm pinhole through about 10 cm of material and 10 14 to 10 15 source neutrons. Penumbral imaging offers some improvement over a pinhole. Zone plate coded imaging (ZPCI) techniques are particularly well suited for imaging small objects like the compressed core of a laser fusion target. We have been using ZPCI techniques to image nonpenetrating radiations like x rays and alpha particles for about 10 years. The techniques are well developed. Imaging penetrating radiations like 14-MeV neutrons using ZPCI techniques has several possible advantages. The large solid angle subtended by the Zone plate might substantially reduce the required target neutron yield needed to produce a useful image, and a neutron zone plate system with 10-μm resolution might be easier to fabricate and characterize than a pinhole system. This paper explores the use of ZPCI techniques with penetrating radiation

HIGH ENERGY RADIOGRAPHY-1-30 Mev

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bly, James H.

1963-10-15

From 1963 American Society of Metals/Materials Show, Cleveland, Oct. 1963. A survey of the field of radiographic inspection of thick sections, at one million volts energy or more, shows that this field has become a major branch of radiographic testing. More than a dozen models of x-ray generators are now commercially available in this field, over the range from 1 to 31 Mev, with outputs up to more than two orders of magnitude greater than can be obtained from radiographic isotope sources, and with smaller spot size. A study of the radiographic characteristics of x rays in this region shows that energies available cover the range of minimum absorption and scattering for most materials and approach this range for solid propellant; at higher energies severe coverage restrictions are imposed; output powers on small spots are near the limits of present target technology. It would appear that some degree of technological maturity'' has been achieved. Radiographic technique at 1 to 30 Mev is straightforward, following the same basic principles as in conventional radiography. Specialized aspects of technique are individually discussed. The wellknown 1 and 2 million volt equlpments are supplemented by a wide variety of higher-energy machines, with energy and output ratings to satisfy almost any radiographic need. Some examples are epitomized, and a brief discussion of possible future developments is presented. (auth)

Příčiny regionálních nerovností ve finanční dostupnosti bydlení v ČR

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sunega, Petr; Mikeszová, Martina; Lux, Martin

2009-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 2 (2009), s. 55-75 ISSN 1212-3609 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA403/09/1915 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z70280505 Keywords : regional inequality * economic performance * housing affordability Subject RIV: AH - Economics

Measurement of the free neutron-proton analyzing power and spin transfer parameters in the charge exchange region at 790 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ransome, R.D.

1981-07-01

The free neutron-proton analyzing power and the spin transfer parameters (K/sub NN/, K/sub SS/, K/sub SL/, and K/sub LL/) were measured at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility at 790 MeV between 165 0 and 180 0 center of mass. A 40% polarized neutron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target was used. The recoil protons were momentum analyzed with a magnetic spectrometer to isolate elastic scatters. A large solid angle carbon polarimeter was used to measure the proton polarization. The measurements are the first at this energy and are in basic agreement with pre-existing phase shift solutions. The proton-carbon analyzing power was measured between 500 and 750 MeV. An empirical fit to the proton-carbon analyzing power between 100 and 750 MeV was done

Three-fold increase of M1 strength in 40Ar at 10 MeV excitation energy

Science.gov (United States)

Tornow, Werner; Finch, Sean; Krishichayan, Fnu; Tonchev, Anton

2017-09-01

We reexamined the excitation energy region of 40Ar around 9.8 MeV with the goal of determining the known M1 strength located at 9.76 MeV more accurately. The physics motivation was based on the fact that i) the neutrino-nucleus interaction cross section is proportional to the M1 strength of a nucleus, ii) DUNE, the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment at SURF will be using liquid argon as detector medium, iii) the energy spectrum of supernova neutrinos is peaked at approximately 10 MeV. Mono-energetic and linearly polarized photons of 9.88 MeV were produced via Compton backscattering of 548 nm FEL photons from 543 MeV electrons at the High-Intensity γ-ray Source (HI γS) facility at TUNL. The 1.25 cm diameter photon beam with energy spread of 300 keV (FWHM) interacted with argon gas contained in a high-pressure cell. The cell was viewed with HPGe detectors placed at 90o relative to the incident photon beam in the horizontal and vertical planes to distinguish between E1 and M1 de-excitation γ-rays. Our re-measurement provided an increase in M1 strength by a factor of approximately 3, mostly due to the discovery that the known level in 40Ar at 9.84 MeV is of M1 character and not of E1 character, as previously thought. In addition to the already known M1 state at 9.76 MeV, we observed weaker M1 states at 9.70, 9.81, 9.87, and 9.89 MeV.

Evaluation of neutron cross sections to 40 MeV for 5456Fe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arthur, E.D.; Young, P.G.

1980-01-01

Cross sections for neutron-induced reactions on 54 56 Fe were calculated by employing several nuclear models: optical, Hauser-Feshbach, preequilibrium and DWBA - in the energy range between 3 and 40 MeV. As a prelude to the calculations, the necessary input parameters were determined or verified through analysis of a large body of experimental data for both neutron- and proton-induced reactions in this mass and energy region. This technique also led to cross sections in which the simultaneous influence of available data types added to their consistency and reliability. Calculated cross sections as well as neutron and gamma-ray emission spectra were incorporated into an ENDF evaluation suitable for use to 40 MeV. 12 figures, 1 table

NuSTAR SPECTROSCOPY OF GRS 1915+105: DISK REFLECTION, SPIN, AND CONNECTIONS TO JETS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miller, J. M.; King, A. L. [Department of Astronomy, The University of Michigan, 500 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1046 (United States); Parker, M. L.; Fabian, A. C. [Institute of Astronomy, The University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHA (United Kingdom); Fuerst, F.; Walton, D. J. [Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125 (United States); Bachetti, M.; Harrison, F. A.; Barret, D.; Grefenstette, B. W. [Universite de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, F-31400 Toulouse (France); Boggs, S. E.; Tomsick, J. A. [Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720-7450 (United States); Chakrabarty, D. [Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 70 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (United States); Christensen, F. E. [Danish Technical University, DK-2800 Lyngby (Denmark); Craig, W. W. [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA (United States); Hailey, C. J. [Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 (United States); Stern, D. K. [Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109 (United States); Zhang, W. W., E-mail: jonmm@umich.edu [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 (United States)

2013-10-01

We report on the results of spectral fits made to a NuSTAR observation of the black hole GRS 1915+105 in a 'plateau' state. This state is of special interest because it is similar to the 'low/hard' state seen in other black holes, especially in that compact, steady jets are launched in this phase. The 3-79 keV bandpass of NuSTAR, and its ability to obtain moderate-resolution spectra free from distortions such as photon pile-up, are extremely well suited to studies of disk reflection in X-ray binaries. In only 15 ks of net exposure, an extraordinarily sensitive spectrum of GRS 1915+105 was measured across the full bandpass. Ionized reflection from a disk around a rapidly spinning black hole is clearly required to fit the spectra; even hybrid Comptonization models including ionized reflection from a disk around a Schwarzschild black hole proved inadequate. A spin parameter of a = 0.98 ± 0.01 (1σ statistical error) is measured via the best-fit model; low spins are ruled out at a high level of confidence. This result suggests that jets can be launched from a disk extending to the innermost stable circular orbit. A very steep inner disk emissivity profile is also measured, consistent with models of compact coronae above Kerr black holes. These results support an emerging association between the hard X-ray corona and the base of the relativistic jet.

Study of the gamma spectra emitted in a nuclear reaction - Measurement of the half-lives of the levels 6.13 MeV, 6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV of 16O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leccia, F.

1967-01-01

When the energy shifts of the gamma spectrum released during a nuclear reaction are important compared with the detector resolution, the comparison of the experimental spectrum with theoretical spectra allows us to determine the half-life of the initial state of the transition. The calculation of the experimental spectrum implies to know the slowing-down of the recoil nucleus in the matter in order to take into account the Doppler effect. For recoil energies in the range of the MeV and for solid media, the Lindhard theory agrees well with experimental data. The phenomenon of deflection which appears at very low energies must be taken into account by restraining the measurement domain. By choosing an adequate media we can measure half-lives in the domain 1 and 100 fs without needing to take into account deflection effects. We have measured the half-life of the first 3 energy levels of 16 O (6.135 MeV, 6.923 MeV and 7.121 MeV), these levels are reached through the reaction 19 F(p,αγ) 16 O with proton incident energies ranging from 0.872 MeV to 2.42 MeV. We have used a coaxial germanium semi-conductor with lithium additions that was connected to an amplification line of Ortec type. 2 kinds of target have been used: calcium fluoride and copper fluoride evaporated on tantalum support. We have obtained the following values for the half-life: (16±4) fs for the 6.923 MeV level, (18±4) fs for the 7.121 MeV level, and for the 6.135 MeV we can only give a lower limit since the gamma decay occurs when the nucleus is at rest τ > 200 fs

Positron acceleration to 200 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leboutet, H.

1983-01-01

220 MeV is the energy that has to be obtained in routine operation. A standard 12m girder with SLED II can give 220 MeV minus a few percent due to not riding at the crest of the wave. In order to have the 200 MeV with only one girder, a klystron at full power all the time would be required - kept brand new. Then, for safety it is necessary to use two klystrons as designated in the SLC design. Having two klystrons gives freedom for the choice of the best arrangement. Since there will be excess rf power, it can be traded against higher gradient, shorter waveguides, larger apertures (lower shunt impedence)

A comparative study of 30MeV boron4+ and 60MeV oxygen8+ ion irradiated Si NPN BJTs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, M. Vinay; Krishnaveni, S.; Yashoda, T.; Dinesh, C. M.; Krishnakumar, K. S.; Jayashree, B.; Ramani

2015-01-01

The impact of 30MeV boron 4+ and 60MeV oxygen 8+ ion irradiation on electrical characteristics of 2N3773 Si NPN Bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) is reported in the present study. The transistors were decapped and irradiated at room temperature. Gummel characteristics, DC current gain and Capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics were studied before and after irradiation at different fluences. DC current gain has decreased significantly in both boron and oxygen ion irradiation. Also the value of capacitance decreased 3-4 times with increase in fluence. Both 30MeV boron ion and 60MeV oxygen ion induced similar extent of degradation in electrical characteristics of the transistor

Recoil proton polarization of neutral pion photoproduction from proton in the energy range between 400 MeV and 1142 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, S.; Miyachi, T.; Sugano, K.; Toshioka, K.; Ukai, K.

1979-08-01

The recoil proton polarization of the reaction γp → π 0 p were measured at a C.M. angle of 100 0 for incident photon energies between 451 and 1106 MeV, and at an angle of 130 0 for energies from 400 MeV to 1142 MeV. One photon decayed from a π 0 -meson and a recoil proton were detected in coincidence. Two kinds of polarization scatterers were employed. In the range of proton kinetic energy less than 420 MeV and higher than 346 MeV, carbon plates and liquid hydrogen were used for determining the polarization. Results are compared with recent phenomenological analyses. From the Comparison between the present data and the asymmetry data given by the polarized target, the contribution of the invariant amplitudes A 3 can be estimated to be small at 100 0 . (author)

Conversion efficiency of lead for 30-200 MeV photons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darriulat, P.; Gygi, E.; Holder, M.; McDonald, K.T.; Pugh, H.G.; Schneider, F.; Tittel, K.

1975-01-01

The conversion efficiency of lead has been measured as a function of thickness for 44 MeV, 94 MeV and 177 MeV photons, and as a function of energy between 29 MeV and 177 Mev for thickness of one and two radiation lengths. Some additional information on multiplicity of secondary tracks and on their angular distribution was obtained using a small streamer chamber. The results obtained confirm the shower calculations of Messel and Crawford. (Auth.)

Investigation of transversal nuclear excitation in 208Pb at excitation energies between 6 MeV and 8 MeV using inelastic electron scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frey, R.W.

1978-01-01

Using high resolution inelastic electron scattering magnitic dipole and quadrupole excitations in 208 Pb were investigated in the energy range between 6 MeV and 8 MeV. The electron energy was 50 MeV and 63.5 MeV. With a mean absolute energy resolution of 33 kev. 44 excited states were found in the above energy range. The measured angular distributions were compared with DWBA-calculations using random phase approximated wave functions. (FKS)

Cross sections from 800 MeV proton irradiation of terbium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Engle, J.W., E-mail: jwengle@lanl.gov [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Mashnik, S.G.; Bach, H.; Couture, A.; Jackman, K.; Gritzo, R.; Ballard, B.D.; Fassbender, M.; Smith, D.M.; Bitteker, L.J.; Ullmann, J.L.; Gulley, M.S.; Pillai, C.; John, K.D.; Birnbaum, E.R. [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States); Nortier, F.M., E-mail: meiring@lanl.gov [Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 (United States)

2012-11-02

Terbium foils were irradiated with 800 MeV protons to ascertain the potential for production of lanthanide isotopes of interest in medical, astrophysical, and basic science research and to contribute to nuclear data repositories. Isotopes produced in the foil were quantified by gamma spectroscopy. Cross sections for 35 isotopes produced in the irradiation are reported and compared with predictions by the MCNP6 transport code using the CEM03.03, Bertini and INCL + ABLA event generators. Our results indicate the need to accurately consider fission and fragmentation of relatively light target nuclei like terbium in the modeling of nuclear reactions at 800 MeV. The predictive power of the code was found to be different for each event generator tested but was satisfactory for most of the product yields in the mass region where spallation reactions dominate. However, none of the event generators' results are in complete agreement with measured data.

Measurements and Monte Carlo calculations of forward-angle secondary-neutron-production cross-sections for 137 and 200 MeV proton-induced reactions in carbon

Science.gov (United States)

Iwamoto, Yosuke; Hagiwara, Masayuki; Matsumoto, Tetsuro; Masuda, Akihiko; Iwase, Hiroshi; Yashima, Hiroshi; Shima, Tatsushi; Tamii, Atsushi; Nakamura, Takashi

2012-10-01

Secondary neutron-production double-differential cross-sections (DDXs) have been measured from interactions of 137 MeV and 200 MeV protons in a natural carbon target. The data were measured between 0° and 25° in the laboratory. DDXs were obtained with high energy resolution in the energy region from 3 MeV up to the maximum energy. The experimental data of 137 MeV protons at 10° and 25° were in good agreement with that of 113 MeV protons at 7.5° and 30° at LANSCE/WNR in the energy region below 80 MeV. Benchmark calculations were carried out with the PHITS code using the evaluated nuclear data files of JENDL/HE-2007 and ENDF/B-VII, and the theoretical models of Bertini-GEM and ISOBAR-GEM. For the 137 MeV proton incidence, calculations using JENDL/HE-2007 generally reproduced the shape and the intensity of experimental spectra well including the ground state of the 12N state produced by the 12C(p,n)12N reaction. For the 200 MeV proton incidence, all calculated results underestimated the experimental data by the factor of two except for the calculated result using ISOBAR model. ISOBAR predicts the nucleon emission to the forward angles qualitatively better than the Bertini model. These experimental data will be useful to evaluate the carbon data and as benchmark data for investigating the validity of the Monte Carlo simulation for the shielding design of accelerator facilities.

Observations on late effects in mice exposed to 400 MeV neutrons

CERN Document Server

Covelli, V; Bassani, B; Baarli, Johan; Bianchi, M; Metalli, P; Covelli, V; Di Paola, M; Bassani, B; Baarli, J no 2; Bianchi, M no 2; Metalli, P

1976-01-01

Life-long observations on mortality and pathology at death were carried out on groups of mice irradiated with 250 kV X-rays or exposed to a 400 MeV neutron beam, both directly and after attenuation corresponding to the maximum dose build-up region, at comparable dose-rates. Doses up to 84 rad of 400 MeV neutrons and up to 200 rad of X-rays showed no effect on the longevity of the animals, which suggests an upper limit to the r.b.e. for life-shortening of approximately 2·5. Similar conclusions were drawn from the data on all types of leukemias. For all other neoplasms, the age-specific death-rate showed a similar shortening of the latency times for groups of mice irradiated with 0–84 rad of 400 MeV direct neutrons and 0–400 rad of X-rays, also suggesting an upper limit to the r.b.e. slightly higher than that previously indicated for life-shortening. No definite effect was observed after exposure to the attenuated neutron beam at the doses used in these experiments.

Experimental and calculated effectiveness of a radiochromic dye film to stopping 21 MeV 7Li and 64 MeV 16O ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olsen, K.J.; Hansen, J.W.

1984-01-01

Relative radiation effectiveness, RE, of 21 MeV 7 Li and 64 MeV 16 O ions being completely stopped in a tissue equivalent film dose meter has been measured as a function of penetration depth and energy, and the results have been compared with calculations based on a delta-ray theory for heavy charged particles developed by Katz et al. The experiment was designed to test calculations particularly in the Bragg-peak region of the slowing down particles where significant deviation between theory and experiment was found. Fitting of the characteristic D 37 dose and the size of the radiation sensitive element in the detector, which are important parameters in the theoretical model, does not improve the overall correlation between theory and experiment. It is concluded that disagreement between theoretical and experimental RE-values below 1.5 MeV/amu is partly due to lack of equivalence between the delta-ray spectrum and the slowing down spectrum of electrons from low-LET radiation, and partly from approximations in the calculated distribution of energy deposition of the delta-rays. (orig.)

Different Types of X-Ray Bursts from GRS 1915+105 and Their Origin

Science.gov (United States)

Yadav, J. S.; Rao, A. R.; Agrawal, P. C.; Paul, B.; Seetha, S.; Kasturirangan, K.

1999-06-01

We report X-ray observations of the Galactic X-ray transient source GRS 1915+105 with the pointed proportional counters of the Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment (IXAE) onboard the Indian satellite IRS-P3, which show remarkable richness in temporal variability. The observations were carried out on 1997 June 12-29 and August 7-10, in the energy range of 2-18 keV and revealed the presence of very intense X-ray bursts. All the observed bursts have a slow exponential rise, a sharp linear decay, and broadly can be put in two classes: irregular and quasi-regular bursts in one class, and regular bursts in the other. The regular bursts are found to have two distinct timescales and to persist over extended durations. There is a strong correlation between the preceding quiescent time and the burst duration for the quasi-regular and irregular bursts. No such correlation is found for the regular bursts. The ratio of average flux during the burst time to the average flux during the quiescent phase is high and variable for the quasi-regular and irregular bursts, while it is low and constant for the regular bursts. We present a comprehensive picture of the various types of bursts observed in GRS 1915+105 in the light of the recent theories of advective accretion disks. We suggest that the peculiar bursts that we have seen are characteristic of the change of state of the source. The source can switch back and forth between the low-hard state and the high-soft state near critical accretion rates in a very short timescale, giving rise to the irregular and quasi-regular bursts. The fast timescale for the transition of the state is explained by invoking the appearance and disappearance of the advective disk in its viscous timescale. The periodicity of the regular bursts is explained by matching the viscous timescale with the cooling timescale of the postshock region. A test of the model is presented using the publicly available 13-60 keV RXTE/PCA data for irregular and regular bursts

On the safety assessment of human exposure in the proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at 900, 1800 and 2170 MHz

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MartInez-Burdalo, M; MartIn, A; Anguiano, M; Villar, R

2005-01-01

In this work, the procedures for safety assessment in the close proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at three different frequencies (900, 1800 and 2170 MHz) are analysed. For each operating frequency, we have obtained and compared the distances to the antenna from the exposure places where electromagnetic fields are below reference levels and the distances where the specific absorption rate (SAR) values in an exposed person are below the basic restrictions, according to the European safety guidelines. A high-resolution human body model has been located, in front of each base-station antenna as a worst case, at different distances, to compute whole body averaged SAR and maximum 10 g averaged SAR inside the exposed body. The finite-difference time-domain method has been used for both electromagnetic fields and SAR calculations. This paper shows that, for antenna-body distances in the near zone of the antenna, the fact that averaged field values be below the reference levels could, at certain frequencies, not guarantee guidelines compliance based on basic restrictions

On the safety assessment of human exposure in the proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at 900, 1800 and 2170 MHz.

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Búrdalo, M; Martín, A; Anguiano, M; Villar, R

2005-09-07

In this work, the procedures for safety assessment in the close proximity of cellular communications base-station antennas at three different frequencies (900, 1800 and 2170 MHz) are analysed. For each operating frequency, we have obtained and compared the distances to the antenna from the exposure places where electromagnetic fields are below reference levels and the distances where the specific absorption rate (SAR) values in an exposed person are below the basic restrictions, according to the European safety guidelines. A high-resolution human body model has been located, in front of each base-station antenna as a worst case, at different distances, to compute whole body averaged SAR and maximum 10 g averaged SAR inside the exposed body. The finite-difference time-domain method has been used for both electromagnetic fields and SAR calculations. This paper shows that, for antenna-body distances in the near zone of the antenna, the fact that averaged field values be below the reference levels could, at certain frequencies, not guarantee guidelines compliance based on basic restrictions.

Evaluated Nuclear Data Library for Transport Calculations at Energies up to 150 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korovin, Yu.A.; Konobeyev, A.Yu.; Pilnov, G.B.; Stankovskiy, A.Yu.

2005-01-01

A new evaluated nuclear data library has been created. The library consists of two sub-libraries for neutron and proton incident particles. The first version of neutron sub-library has been completed and described in the present paper. The library contains nuclear data for transport, heating, and shielding applications for 242 nuclides ranging in atomic number from 8 to 82 in the energy region of primary neutrons from 10-5 eV to 150 MeV. Data below 20 MeV are taken mainly from ENDF/B-VI (Revision 8) and for some nuclides, from the JENDL-3.3 and JEFF-3.0 libraries. The evaluation of emitted particle energy and angular distributions at the energies above 20 MeV was performed with the help of the ALICE/ASH code and the analysis of available experimental data. The total cross sections, elastic cross sections, and elastic scattering angular distributions were calculated with the help of the coupled channel model. The results of the calculation were adjusted to the data from ENDF/B-VI, JENDL-3.3m or JEFF-3.0 at the neutron energy equal to 20 MeV. The library is written in ENDF/B-VI format using the MF=3/MT=5 and MF=6/MT=5 representations

On two new species of Pseudogonatodes Ruthven, 1915 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae), with remarks on the distribution of some other sphaerodactyl lizards

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Avila-Pires, T.C.S.; Hoogmoed, M.S.

1999-01-01

Two new species of Pseudogonatodes Ruthven, 1915, are described, one from the Rio Juruá Basin, in the state of Acre, Brazil (Amazonian rainforest), the other from Rancho Grande, in the state Aragua, Venezuela (cloud forest). Both have granular dorsals and relatively numerous fourth toe lamellae, of

A third Balkan war: France and the allied attempts at creating a new Balkan alliance 1914-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pavlović Vojislav

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The initial phase of the First World War in the Balkans 1914-1915 was a natural continuation of the conflicts opened during the Balkan Wars, but national fervor now encompassed all of the Balkans, from Rijeka and Ljubljana to Athens, Sofia and Bucharest, because the role of the Dual Monarchy had changed from that of an arbiter to that of a participant in the conflict. With the demise of the Ottoman Empire, the further survival of the Habsburg Monarchy was challenged by the Serbian government's Yugoslav project, creating conditions for implementing the nationality principle in all of the Balkans. It seemed that, in support of the alliances that were being created in the Balkans and in Europe as a whole, the time had come for the final fulfillment of the national aspirations of the Balkan peoples. The outcome of this third Balkan war no longer depended solely on the balance of power inside the Balkans, but also on the overall course of the war. After the initial victories in 1914, Serbia suffered a defeat in 1915 and her armies were forced to retreat southward to Albania and Greece, but her Yugoslav project was the foundation of her future policies and the basis for materializing the concept of a common South-Slavic state.

Sustained performance of 8 MeV Microtron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanjeev, Ganesh

2012-01-01

Energetic electrons and intense bremsstrahlung radiation from 8 MeV Microtron are being utilized in variety of collaborative research programs in radiation physics and allied sciences involving premier institutions of the country and sister universities of the region. The first of its kind electron accelerator in the country, set up at Mangalore University in collaboration with RRCAT Indore and BARC Mumbai, has been facilitating researchers since its inception with its inherent simplicity, ease of construction, low cost and excellent beam quality. A bird's eye view on the reliable aspects of the machine, efforts behind the continuous operation of the accelerator and important applications of the accelerator in physical and biological sciences are presented in this paper.

Suitability of some common polymer films for MeV proton beam dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Makkonen-Craig, S.; Paronen, M.; Arstila, K.; Helariutta, K.; Rauhala, E.; Tikkanen, P.

2005-01-01

We have been evaluating the efficacy of polymer films for proton beam dosimetry. PE, PS, PVF, PVDF, PFA and FEP films were irradiated with 4.1 and 9.4 MeV protons at a flux of 2.5 x 10 11 cm -2 s -1 and a fluence of 2.5 x 10 13 cm -2 . The perfluorinated films were relatively insensitive to the proton irradiation. The UV absorption of PS displayed significant radiation-induced red shift, but no quantifiable absorption peaks. The strongly absorbing chromophore at 225 nm of irradiated PVDF is too unstable for practical dosimetry. PE has a stable and moderately absorbing radiolytic chromophore at 235 nm, but is transparent in the visible wavelength region. Irradiated PVF absorbs strongly in both UV and visible regions, and its UV absorbance is linearly proportional to the dose over the range of 10-1000 kGy when irradiated with 4.1 MeV protons at a dose rate of 840 Gy s -1 . PVF shows the most potential as multipurpose dosimeter for high resolution profiling of ion beams. Pertinent applications include irradiations that require verification of lateral beam homogeneity

Spin-flip isovector giant resonances from the 90Zr (n,p) 90Y reaction at 200 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raywood, K.J.; Spicer, B.M.

1989-01-01

Doubly differential cross sections of the reaction 90 Zr(n,p) 90 Y have been measured at 200 MeV for excitations up to 38 MeV in the residual nucleus. An overall resolution of 1.3 MeV was achieved. The spectra show qualitative agreement in shape and magnitude with recent RPA calculations; however all of the calculations underestimate the high excitation region of the spectra. A multipole decomposition of the data has been performed using differential cross sections calculated in the DWIA. An estimate of the Gamow-Teller strength in the reaction is given. The isovector spin-flip dipole giant resonance has been identified and there is also an indication of isovector monopole strength. 39 refs., 16 figs., 1 tab

(p,4He) elastic scattering at 350, 650, 1050, and 1150 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslanides, E.; Brochard, F.; Gorodetzky, P.; Hibou, F.; Lambert, E.

1977-01-01

Angular distributions of p- 4 He elastic scattering differential cross sections have been measured at 350, 650, 1050 and 1150 MeV, in regions of four-momentum transfer squared t=0.02-0.71 (GeV/c) 2 . These new measurements confirm the absence of a pronounced first diffraction minimum. New theoretical analyses are also presented. (Auth.)

Study of the p+{sup 12}C reaction at energies up to 30 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harada, Masahide; Yamamoto, A.; Yoshioka, S. [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan)] [and others

1998-03-01

Double differential cross sections of charged-particles emitted in the p+{sup 12}C reaction were measured in the energy region from 14 to 26 MeV. The observed continuous components of emitted protons and {alpha}-particles were analyzed by assuming sequential decay of intermediate reaction products and/or simultaneous breakup process. It was found that the three body simultaneous decay, p+{alpha}+{sup 8}Be, and the sequential decay via p+{sup 12}C{sup *}{sub 3-} and {alpha}+{sup 9}B{sub g.s.} are most important in the proton-induced breakup of {sup 12}C for energies up to 30 MeV. (author)

Transnational Identity in Robyn Rowland’s Australian/Turkish Poems: This Intimate War: Gallipoli/Çanakkale 1915 - İçli Dışlı Bir Savaş: Gelibolu/Çanakkale 1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catherine Akca

2015-10-01

Full Text Available World War I was a cataclysm. Such global carnage, devastation and waste could not but result in international, intranational and individual change. One of the premises upon which war is sustained is the otherness” of the enemy, attributed to various national, ethnic, geographical, social or cultural factors. This presupposes that the opposing force perceives its own identity as different from that of the enemy in some crucial way, sufficient to negate any variety in group affiliations within its own ranks, and to obscure the significance of characteristics held in common with the antagonist. The intensity of the experience of war, the need to validate the sacrifice involved, political imperatives and contingent propaganda all tend to reinforce perceptions of self-identity and “otherness” during the conflict, and in its aftermath. Where war is international, issues of national identity will predominate. During WWI, the Gallipoli Campaign set Allied invaders against Ottoman Turks. Between 1915 and the evacuation of the Allied troops in January 1916, both sides sustained terrible casualties and horrendous loss of life. The history, memories, commemoration and mythologisation of the Anzac troops, from Australia and New Zealand, and of the Turks at Gallipoli were to contribute to the forging of the post-war national identities of their respective countries. However, identity is both a multi-facetted construct and a process in flux, in which the present interacts with the past. Imperatives change, perspectives too. Cultural identity, the sense of belonging to a particular group, may transcend national boundaries; myths may be reworked. A century after the Gallipoli campaign, this paper examines poems from Robyn Rowland’s This Intimate War: Gallipoli/Çanakkale 1915, in the light of the contemporary trend to move away from the mythologizing of the Gallipoli story on a national basis towards a more inclusive transnational approach based on

The reaction p12C→ηX from Tp=800 MeV to Tp=1500 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chiavassa, E.; Dellacasa, G.; De Marco, N.; De Oliveira Martins, O.; Gallio, M.; Guaita, P.; Musso, A.; Piccotti, A.; Scomparin, E.; Vercellin, E.

1998-01-01

The reaction p 12 C→nX has been studied, at several proton kinetic energies ranging from 800 MeV to 1500 MeV, at the proton synchrotron Saturne at Saclay. The measured doubly differential cross-sections are presented and discussed in the framework of a simple theoretical model. The model fails in describing the deepest subthreshold data while the above-threshold data are fairly well reproduced. (orig.)

The NSW Steam Trawl Fishery on the South-East Continental Shelf of Australia, 1915-1961

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jacobsen, A. Lif Lund

2014-01-01

How was modern fishing methods, in the form of steam trawling, introduced in Australia? And what were the consequences for the fish stocks found on the South-East Continental Shelf? Through historical catch records and archival resources, the history of the NSW Steam Trawl Industry from 1915...... that flathead biomass on the South-East Continental shelf was permanently reduced. The study furthermore reveals how the trawl industry was influenced by government policy, market conditions, war and fishing effort with little understanding of the marine resources which they relied on....

Review of neutron data: 10 to 40 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haight, R.C.

1977-04-01

Neutron data are reviewed for incident neutron energies between 10 and 40 MeV. A census of the data shows that there are many gaps in this range and that the existing data are primarily for neutron energies around 14 MeV. Aside from total cross sections, there are few data between 10 and 13 MeV and between 15 and 40 MeV. Examples are presented to show the quality of selected data for total, elastic, inelastic, activation, and charged-particle and gamma-ray production cross sections. The spectra of emitted particles are also discussed.

Review of neutron data: 10 to 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haight, R.C.

1977-04-01

Neutron data are reviewed for incident neutron energies between 10 and 40 MeV. A census of the data shows that there are many gaps in this range and that the existing data are primarily for neutron energies around 14 MeV. Aside from total cross sections, there are few data between 10 and 13 MeV and between 15 and 40 MeV. Examples are presented to show the quality of selected data for total, elastic, inelastic, activation, and charged-particle and gamma-ray production cross sections. The spectra of emitted particles are also discussed

Neutron Elastic Scattering Cross Sections of Iron and Zinc in the Energy Region 2.5 to 8.1 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holmqvist, B.; Johansson, S.G.; Lodin, G.; Wiedling, T.; Kiss, A.

1966-12-01

Angular distributions were measured for the elastic scattering of neutrons from iron at five energies between 3.0 and 8. 1 MeV and from zinc at eight energies between 2.5 and 8.1 MeV. Time-of-flight technique was used. Corrections for neutron flux attenuation, multiple elastic scattering, and the finite geometry of the source-sample detector system were made by using a Monte Carlo program. An optical model potential with Saxon-Woods form factors was used to fit theoretical angular distributions to the experimental ones. The parameter values giving the best fits to the experimental distributions were calculated by a computer

Neutron Elastic Scattering Cross Sections of Iron and Zinc in the Energy Region 2.5 to 8.1 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Holmqvist, B; Johansson, S G; Lodin, G; Wiedling, T [AB Atomenergi, Nyko eping (Sweden); Kiss, A [Inst. for Experimental Physics, Univ. of Debrecen, De brecen (Hungary)

1966-12-15

Angular distributions were measured for the elastic scattering of neutrons from iron at five energies between 3.0 and 8. 1 MeV and from zinc at eight energies between 2.5 and 8.1 MeV. Time-of-flight technique was used. Corrections for neutron flux attenuation, multiple elastic scattering, and the finite geometry of the source-sample detector system were made by using a Monte Carlo program. An optical model potential with Saxon-Woods form factors was used to fit theoretical angular distributions to the experimental ones. The parameter values giving the best fits to the experimental distributions were calculated by a computer.

Experimental and simulated efficiency of a HPGe detector in the energy range of 0.06∼11 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Chang Su; Choi, H. D.; Sun, Gwang Min

2003-01-01

The full energy peak efficiency of a Hyper Pure Germanium (HPGe) detector was calibrated in a wide energy range from 0.06 to 11 MeV. Both the experimental technique and the Monte Carlo method were used for the efficiency calibration. The measurement was performed using the standard radioisotopes in the low energy region of 60∼1408 keV, which was further extended up to 11 MeV by using the 14 N(n,γ) and 35 Cl(n,γ) reactions. The GEANT Monte Carlo code was used for efficiency calculation. The calculated efficiency had the same dependency on the γ-ray energy with the measurement, and the discrepancy between the calculation and the measurement was minimized by fine-tuning of the detector geometry. From the calculated result, the efficiency curve of the HPGe detector was reliably determined particularly in the high energy region above several MeV, where the number of measured efficiency points is relatively small despite the wide energy region. The calculated efficiency agreed with the measurement within about 7%. In addition to the efficiency calculation, the origin of the local minimum near 600 keV on the efficiency curve was analyzed as a general characteristics of a HPGe detector

Calculations of nuclear data for the reactions of neutrons and protons with heavy nuclei at energy from 1 MeV up to 2 GeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konshin, V.A.

1995-01-01

Several nuclear model codes were applied to calculations of nuclear data in the energy region from 1 MeV to 2 GeV. At energies from 1 to 20 MeV the statistical model code STAPRE was used for calculations of the neutron cross-sections for fission, (n,2n) and (n,3n) reaction cross-sections for 71 actinide isotopes. In the energy region from 10 to 100 MeV the nuclear theory code GNASH was used to calculate the neutron fission and (n,xn) cross-sections for 238 U, 235 U, 239 Pu, 232 Th, 237 Np, 238 Pu, 241 Am, 243 Am, 245 Cm and 246 Cm. At energies from 100 MeV to 2 GeV the intranuclear cascade-exciton model including the fission process was applied to calculations of the interactions of protons and neutrons with actinides and the calculated results are compared with experimental data. (author)

Sectarianism in the Syrian Jazira: community, land and violence in the memories of World War I and the French mandate (1915- 1939)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Altug, S.

2011-01-01

This thesis is a historico-anthropological study of the transformations in the understandings of self and community among the Armenian, Syriac, and Kurdish refugees in the French Jazira in the post-genocide world. (1915- 1939). It explored the processes of change in self-identification and the terms

54Fe neutron elastic and inelastic scattering differential cross sections from 2-6 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Vanhoy, J. R.; Liu, S. H.; Hicks, S. F.; Combs, B. M.; Crider, B. P.; French, A. J.; Garza, E. A.; Harrison, T.; Henderson, S. L.; Howard, T. J.; McEllistrem, M. T.; Nigam, S.; Pecha, R. L.; Peters, E. E.; Prados-Estévez, F. M.; Ramirez, A. P. D.; Rice, B. G.; Ross, T. J.; Santonil, Z. C.; Sidwell, L. C.; Steves, J. L.; Thompson, B. K.; Yates, S. W.

2018-04-01

Measurements of neutron elastic and inelastic scattering cross sections from 54Fe were performed for nine incident neutron energies between 2 and 6 MeV. Measured differential scattering cross sections are compared to those from previous measurements and the ENDF, JENDL, and JEFF data evaluations. TALYS calculations were performed and modifications of the default parameters are found to better describe the experimental cross sections. A spherical optical model treatment is generally adequate to describe the cross sections in this energy region; however, in 54Fe the direct coupling is found to increase suddenly above 4 MeV and requires an increase in the DWBA deformation parameter by approximately 25%. This has little effect on the elastic scattering differential cross sections but makes a significant improvement in both the strength and shape of the inelastic scattering angular distribution, which are found to be very sensitive to the size and extent of the surface absorption region.

A 14-MeV beam-plasma neutron source for materials testing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Futch, A.H.; Coensgen, F.H.; Damm, C.C.; Molvik, A.W.

1989-01-01

The design and performance of 14-MeV beam-plasma neutron sources for accelerated testing of fusion reactor materials are described. Continuous production of 14-MeV neutron fluxes in the range of 5 to 10 MW/m 2 at the plasma surface are produced by D-T reactions in a two-component plasma. In the present designs, 14-MeV neutrons result from collisions of energetic deuterium ions created by transverse injection of 150-keV deuterium atoms on a fully ionized tritium target plasma. The beam energy, which deposited at the center of the tritium column, is transferred to the warm plasma by electron drag, which flows axially to the end regions. Neutral gas at high pressure absorbs the energy in the tritium plasma and transfers the heat to the walls of the vacuum vessel. The plasma parameters of the neutron source, in dimensionless units, have been achieved in the 2XIIB high-β plasma. The larger magnetic field of the present design permits scaling to the higher energy and density of the neutron source design. In the extrapolation, care has been taken to preserve the scaling and plasma attributes that contributed to equilibrium, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability, and microstability in 2XIIB. The performance and scaling characteristics are described for several designs chosen to enhance the thermal isolation of the two-component plasmas. 11 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs

Measurement of deuteron-induced activation cross section for IFMIF accelerator structural materials in 22-40 MeV region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakao, Makoto; Hori, Jun-ichi; Ochiai, Kentaro; Sato, Satoshi; Yamauchi, Michinori; Nishitani, Takeo; Ishioka, Noriko S.

2004-01-01

The activation cross-sections for the deuteron-induced reactions have been obtained for Al, Cu and W in 22-40 MeV regions and compared with previous experimental ones and the data in ACSELAM library. For 27 Mg, ACSELAM were smaller than the present result by a factor of 1.3-2.0. For 24 Na, ACSELAM resembled experimental values in shape but were lower than these by about 1 order. For 61 Cu, 64 Cu, 62 Zn and 63 Zn, the present results resembled other experimental data and ACSELAM in shape. In the case of 61 Cu and 62 Zn, ACSELAM became higher than the present results by a factor of 2-4. In the case of 64 Cu and 63 Zn, ACSELAM and the present results were in agreement within 40%. For 181 Re, 182m+g Re and 183 Re, the present data and the data in ACSELAM were about same shapes and in agreement within 30%. For 184m+g Re, 186 Re and 187 W, the data in ACSELAM were different from the present data about 1.5-7 times. (author)

Projectile-like fragments from 129Xe+natCu reactions at E/A = 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russ, D.E.; Mignerey, A.C.; Garcia-Solis, E.J.

1996-01-01

The bombarding of heavy nuclei with energetic heavy projectiles has been one of the most important experimental tools for nuclear science. At low beam energies, (E/A) beam 100 MeV, these mean field effects are less important and nucleon-nucleon interactions dominate. Within the intermediate energy region, the situation is less clear because of both the mean field and nucleon-nucleon effects contribute. There is no consensus on the theoretical treatment of nuclear reaction in the intermediate energy regime and statistical, dynamical, and hybrid models have been used with limited success. Previous studies of 136 Xe + 209 Bi at E/A = 28 MeV carried out at Michigan State University (MSU) have been well described by a damped reaction mechanism. On the other hand, 129 Xe + nat Cu at E/A = 50 MeV also at MSU has been compared with a hybrid model with reasonable success. In order to see a transition from a damped reaction mechanism to more fragmentation-like processes, an experiment was carried out at MSU using 129 Xe beams at E/A = 30, 40, 50, and 60 MeV. The targets were Cu, Sc, and Au. The current study only looks at the projectile-like fragments (PLF) detected in the Maryland Forward Array (MFA)

The JHP 200-MeV proton linear accelerator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, Takao [National Lab. for High Energy Physics, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (Japan)

1997-11-01

A 200-MeV proton linear accelerator for the Japanese Hadron Project (JHP) has been designed. It consists of a 3-MeV radio-frequency quadrupole linac (RFQ), a 50-MeV drift tube linac (DTL) and a 200-MeV separated-type drift tube linac (SDTL). A frequency of 324 MHz has been chosen for all of the rf structures. A peak current of 30 mA (H{sup -} ions) of 400 {mu}sec pulse duration will be accelerated at a repetition rate of 25 Hz. A future upgrade plan up to 400 MeV is also presented, in which annular-coupled structures (ACS) of 972 MHz are used in an energy range of above 150 or 200 MeV. One of the design features is its high performance for a beam-loss problem during acceleration. It can be achieved by separating the transition point in the transverse motion from that of the longitudinal motion. The transverse transition at a rather low-energy range decreases the effects of space-charge, while the longitudinal transition at a rather high-energy range decreases the effects of nonlinear problems related to acceleration in the ACS. Coupled envelope equations and equipartitioning theory are used for the focusing design. The adoption of the SDTL structure improves both the effective shunt impedance and difficulties in fabricating drift tubes with focusing magnets. An accurate beam-simulation code on a parallel supercomputer was used for confirming any beam-loss problem during acceleration. (author)

[Absolute fission cross sections in the 14 MeV energy region]. Progress report, July 1982-June 1983

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983-01-01

Progress is reported on the following studies: thermal neutron absorption cross section of sulfur and the 252 Cf nu bar dilemma, the sigma (H)/sigma (Mn) cross section ratio, the sigma (H)/sigma (B) cross section ratio, 14 MeV neutron cross section measurements, beryllium-based pulsed neutron detector, and testing charged particle transport and Monte Carlo codes

Fission cross section measurements at the LLL 100-MeV linac

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Browne, J.C.

1975-01-01

The fission cross section for 235 U was measured from thermal energy to 20 MeV in several steps. First, the cross section was measured from 8 MeV to 20 MeV relative to the n,p scattering cross section and then from thermal to one MeV relative to 6 Li(n,α). In addition, a measurement of the ratio of the fission cross sections of 235 U and 238 U relative to 235 U has been completed in the range 1 keV to 30 MeV for 233 U and 100 keV to 30 MeV for 238 U. Statistical uncertainties are less than 4 percent. (U.S.)

Photospallation reactions of 133Cs and 139La by 100 MeV- and 200 MeV bremsstrahlungs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakamoto, K.; Toramoto, H.; Hamajima, Y.; Okada, K.; Dohniwa, M.

1984-01-01

Spallation yields relative to the 196 Au yield from 197 Au(γ,n) of 26 to 46 nuclides of Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs and/or Ba and La from 133 Cs and 139 La targets irradiated with bremsstrahlungs of end energies of 100 MeV and 200 MeV were radiochemically determined. The isomeric yield ratios for 132 La and 131 Ba from the ( 139 La + 100 MeV-γ), 132 La, 131 Ba, 121 Te and 119 Te from the ( 139 La + 200 MeV-γ, and 120 I, 121 Te and 119 Te from the ( 133 Cs +- 200 MeV-γ) were also determined. The isotopic yields from the (γ,yn) reactions decrease exponentially with increase of y up to 5, and show no dependence on energy and targets studied, indicating that the reactions of a few neutron emissions occur at energies lower than 100 MeV. When the product yields from the (γ,xpyn) reactions were plotted against (x + y) for each x (isotopic distribution), a regular variation of the Gaussian distributions, typical of nuclear spallation, was observed. Isobaric mass distributions and charge dispersions were deduced to extract characteristic features of these reactions. The isobaric distributions due only to photons of 100 MeV to 200 MeV, which were obtained by subtracting the 100 MeV-yields from the 200 MeV-yields, are very close to a symmetric one peaking at about 8 amu from the target masses. Nuclear charges are also dispersed symmetrically, with most probable N/Zsub(p) of about 1.3 replaced by about 1 amu to the neutron-deficient side from the beta stability valley in all the cases studied. Parameters included in Rudstam's semi-empirical formula were examined by comparing with the observed yield curves. The P values of 0.45 and 0.65, chosen for a better fit to the 200 MeV data on 133 Cs and 139 La, respectively, were larger than the predictions reported in the literature. The magic number effects of 139 La may explain the target-differences in mass distributions. (orig.)

The earthquake of January 13, 1915 and the seismic hazard of the area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scarascia Mugnozza, Gabriele; Hailemikael, Salomon; Martini, Guido

2015-01-01

The January 13, 1915, magnitude 7.0 Marsica Earthquake devastated the Fucino basin and surroundings, causing about 30,000 casualties and entirely destroying several towns, among which the major municipality of the area, the town of Avezzano. In this paper, we briefly review the main characteristics of the earthquake and its effects on the environment. Furthermore, based on the Italian building code and ongoing seismic microzonation investigations, we describe the seismic hazard of the area struck by the earthquake in terms of both probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and contribution of site effects on the seismic hazard estimate. All the studies confirm the very high level of seismic hazard of the Fucino territory [it

THE HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION OF THE CRAB NEBULA FROM 20 keV TO 6 MeV WITH INTEGRAL SPI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jourdain, E.; Roques, J. P.

2009-01-01

The SPI spectrometer aboard the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory mission regularly observes the Crab Nebula since 2003. We report on observations distributed over 5.5 years and investigate the variability of the intensity and spectral shape of this remarkable source in the hard X-rays domain up to a few MeV. While single power-law models give a good description in the X-ray domain (mean photon index ∼ 2.05) and MeV domain (photon index ∼ 2.23), crucial information is contained in the evolution of the slope with energy between these two values. This study has been carried out through individual observations and long duration (∼ 400 ks) averaged spectra. The stability of the emission is remarkable and excludes a single power-law model. The slopes measured below and above 100 keV agree perfectly with the last values reported in the X-ray and MeV regions, respectively, but without indication of a localized break point. This suggests a gradual softening in the emission around 100 keV and thus a continuous evolution rather than an actual change in the mechanism parameters. In the MeV region, no significant deviation from the proposed power-law model is visible up to 5-6 MeV. Finally, we take advantage of the spectroscopic capability of the instrument to seek for previously reported spectral features in the covered energy range with negative results for any significant cyclotron or annihilation emission on 400 ks timescales. Beyond the scientific results, the performance and reliability of the SPI instrument is explicitly demonstrated, with some details about the most appropriate analysis method.

Proton spectra from 800 MeV protons on selected nuclei. Progress report, January 1, 1979-December 31, 1979

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stearns, R.L.

1979-09-01

The emission of protons from targets of 6 Li, Li, 12 C, 27 Al, 40 Ca, 51 V, 90 Zr, and Pb under bombardment from 800 MeV protons was studied using the high resolution proton spectrometer at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility. Laboratory scattering angles of 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 20, 25, and 30 0 were measured, with special emphasis on the quasi-free region. Outgoing momenta corresponding to the region of pion production were examined at 11 and 15 0 . Absolute cross sections derived by reference to known (p,p) scattering data at 800 MeV. The quasi-free scattering has been fit with a DWIA analysis by summing over the unobserved (struck) nucleon. The systematics of proton production and the applicability of the DWIA analyses are discussed. 26 references

Production of iodine-123 radiobiological specimen on 25 MeV electron beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oganesyan, Yu.Ts.; Starodub, G.Ya.; Buklanov, G.V.; Korotkin, Yu.S.; Belov, A.G.

1988-01-01

The technique is described and experimental results are presented for production of radioactive specimen-iodine-123 for medical biological investigations. It is shown that in ten hour irradiation of 124 Xe enriched target of 10 g weight by the 25 MeV electron beam at MT-25 microtron short lived 123 I with activity of about 200 mCl can be accumulated. The procedure was developed for extraction of radioactive atoms and preparing the solution that permits to obtain during 1-1.5 h after the end of irradiation the specimen which satisfies all pharmacopeia requirements. It follows from the results that using small-size electron accelerators with the beam energy up to 25 MeV permits to organize economical and large-scale production of high quality radioactive specimen of 123 I for servicing a large region of this country. 14 refs.; 4 figs.; 1 tab

Calculations of complete data for n + 89Y in the energy region 0.001∼20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cai Chonghai

1998-01-01

All reaction cross sections, secondary neutron spectra and elastic scattering angular distributions of n + 89 Y in E n = 0.001 ∼20 MeV are calculated. Pretty good results in accordance with experimental data are obtained. And the data results are given in ENDF/B-6 format

First H- beam accelerated at Linac4: 3MeV done, 157 MeV to go!

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Linac4 Project Team

2013-01-01

On 14 November, the first H- (one proton surrounded by two electrons) beam was accelerated to the energy of 3 MeV in the Linac4 - the new linear accelerator that will replace Linac2 as low-energy injector in the LHC accelerator chain.      A view of the Linac4 taken during the recent tests (top image) and the current measured by the instruments at the end of the acceleration line on 14 November (bottom image). Images: Linac4 collaboration. Using the recently installed Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, 13 mA of current were accelerated to the energy of 3 MeV. After the successful commissioning of the Linac4 RFQ at the 3 MeV test stand completed during the first months of 2013, the whole equipment (composed of the RFQ itself, the following Medium Energy Beam Transport line and its diagnostic line) were moved to the Linac4 tunnel during summer and installed in their final position. In the meantime, a new ion source was assembled, installed and successfu...

Giessen polarization facility. II. 1. 2 MeV tandem accelerator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arnold, W; Ulbricht, J; Berg, H; Keiner, P; Krause, H H; Schmidt, R; Clausnitzer, G [Giessen Univ. (Germany, F.R.). Strahlenzentrum

1977-06-15

A small pressure insulated tandem accelerator with 600 kV terminal voltage was constructed for the application of a polarized ion source of the Lambshift type: thin carbon foils or gas stripping is used for the charge exchange in the high voltage terminal. The calculated ion optical properties were realized in the construction; transmission and energy resolution are sufficient to obtain high intensity polarized beams on target (maximum 0.6..mu..A protons with P=0.75 ) for precision polarization experiments in the 0.2-1.2 MeV energy region.

The Fermilab 400-MeV Linac Upgrade

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmidt, C.W.

1993-05-01

The Fermilab Linac Upgrade will increase the linac energy from 201 MeV to 401.5 MeV. Seven accelerating modules, composed of 805-MHz side-coupled cells, will accelerate H - beams from 116.5 to 401.5 MeV. The side-coupled structure (SCS) has been built, tuned, tested to full power, and placed in the linac enclosure along side the operating Linac. All seven accelerating modules, each containing four sections of sixteen cells, have been connected to 12-MW power klystrons and tested to full power for a significant period. The transition section to match the beam from the 201.25-MHz drift-tube linac to the SCS, consisting of a sixteen-cell cavity and a vernier four-cell cavity, has also been tested at full power. A new import line from the Linac to the Booster synchrotron with a new Booster injection girder is to be installed. Removal of the last four Alvarez linac tanks (116.5 to 201 MeV) and beam-line installation of the Upgrade components is to begin in early June 1993 and should take about 12 weeks. Beam commissioning of the project will follow and normal operation is expected in a short period. In preparation for beam commissioning, studies are being done with done operating linac to characterize the beam at transition and prepare for phase, amplitude and energy measurements to commission the new linac. The past, present and future activities of the 400-MeV Upgrade will be reviewed

The Characteristics of Patients with Intellectual Disabilities Held in Forensic Asylums in Norway: 1915–1987

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erik Søndenaa

2018-02-01

Full Text Available A significant number of patients with intellectual disability (ID were admitted to forensic mental health asylums during the period 1915–1987. Many of these patients stayed for more than a decade, because of previous offending behaviour. We investigated the daily lives of 262 patients with an ID using casebooks. Two of the patients were studied more in detail. The available documents describe most of these patients as sociable, well-behaved and socially engaged although they missed having contacts outside the hospital. Long-stay patients were studied more in detail.

Experiment and analysis of neutron spectra in a concrete assembly bombarded by 14 MeV neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oishi, Koji; Tomioka, Kazuyuki; Ikeda, Yujiro; Nakamura, Tomoo.

1988-01-01

Neutron spectrum in concrete bombarded by 14 MeV neutrons was measured using a miniature NE213 spectrometer and multi-foil activation method. A good agreement between those two experimental methods was obtained within experimental errors. The measured spectrum was compared with calculated ones using two-dimensional transport code DOT3.5 with 125 group structure cross section libraries based on ENDF/B-IV, JENDL-2, and JENDL-3T (the testing version of JENDL-3.) In the D-T neutron peak region, measured and calculated neutron spectra agreed well with each other for those libraries. However, disagreements of about -10 % to +50 % and -30 % to +40 % were obtained in the MeV region and still lower neutron energy range, respectively. As a result, it was concluded that those discrepancies were caused by the overestimation of secondary neutrons emitted by inelastic scattering from O, Si, and/or Ca which were the main components of concrete. (author)

Emission of light charged particles from fragments produced on fission of uranium nuclei by 153 MeV protons and 1700 MeV negative pions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belovitzky, G.E.; Shteingrad, O.M.

2000-01-01

The mechanism underlying the emission of light charged particles (LCP) with Z = 1, 2 from fragments produced in fission of uranium nuclei by 153 MeV protons and 1700 MeV negative pions was studied. It was found that LCP accompanying the fission by pions are emitted from non-accelerated fragments immediately after the fission, whereas in the case of 153 MeV protons, the LCP are emitted from the accelerated heavy fragments. The number of LCP emitted in the course of pion-induced fission is 0.7 per fission event, which exceeds by a factor of 30 the corresponding number for 153 MeV protons [ru

The 2H(p,2p)n reaction at 508 MeV. Part I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Punjabi, V.; Perdrisat, C.F.; Aniol, K.A.; Epstein, M.B.; Huber, J.P.; Margaziotis, D.J.; Bracco, A.; Davis, C.A.; Gubler, H.P.; Lee, W.P.; Poffenberger, P.R.; van Oers, W.T.H.; Postma, H.; Sebel, H.J.; Stetz, A.W.

1988-09-01

Differential cross sections for the reaction 2 H(p,2p)n at T p = 507 and 508 MeV are presented. The proton angle pairs chosen were 41.5 degrees with 41.4 and 50.0, 30.1 degrees with 44.0, 53,75, 61.0, and 68.0, 38.1 degrees -38.0 degrees, 44.1 degrees - 44.0 degrees, 47.1 degrees - 47.0 degrees and 50.0 degrees - 50.0 degrees. The data range over an energy window 100 MeV wide on one of the proton energies, the second energy being defined by the kinematic condition of a single neutron recoiling. The data are compared with the impulse approximation (IA) prediction and with the results of a nonrelativistic calculation of the six lowest-order Feynman diagrams describing the reaction. A previously known missing strength for the reaction in the small neutron recoil region is confirmed with much smaller experimental uncertainty; the missing strength persists up to 150 MeV/c neutron recoil. The onset of a systematic section excess relative to the IA near neutron recoil momentum 200 MeV is explored in detail. (Author) (37 refs., 17 figs.)

Sputtering of vanadium and niobium under 14.1 MeV neutron impact

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaminsky, M.; Das, S.K.

1976-01-01

The recent studies of particle emission from cold-rolled and annealed niobium under 14.1-MeV neutron impact were extended to a heavily etched, polycrystalline niobium surface and to cold worked vanadium surfaces with different degrees of microstructure. The type and amount of material released and deposited on collector surfaces facing the irradiated targets were determined by three analytical techniques. Two types of deposits were found for certain types of surfaces--one in the form of chunks; the other as a fractional atom layer covering the surface. The chunks vary significantly in size. The small number of chunks observed suggests that the ejection of chunks is a relatively rare event in comparison to the total number of primary knock-on events produced by 14-MeV neutrons in near surface regions. Estimates of the total sputtering yield based on the chunk deposits and on the fractional atom layer deposit will be given

Neutron Energy Spectra from Neutron Induced Fission of 235U at 0.95 MeV and of 238U at 1.35 and 2.02 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Almen, E; Holmqvist, B; Wiedling, T

1971-09-15

The shapes of fission neutron spectra are of interest for power reactor calculations. Recently it has been suggested that the neutron induced fission spectrum of 235U may be harder than was earlier assumed. For this reason measurements of the neutron spectra of some fissile isotopes are in progress at our laboratory. This report will present results from studies of the energy spectra of the neutrons emitted in the neutron induced fission of 235U and 238U. The measurements were performed at an incident neutron energy of 0.95 MeV for 235U and at energies of 1.35 and 2.02 MeV for 238U using time-of-flight techniques. The time-of-flight spectra were only analysed at energies higher than those of the incident neutrons and up to about 10 MeV. Corrections for neutron attenuation in the uranium samples were calculated using a Monte Carlo program. The corrected fission neutron spectra were fitted to Maxwellian temperature distributions. For 235U a temperature of 1.27 +- 0.01 MeV gives the best fit to the experimental data and for 238U the corresponding values are 1.29 +- 0.03 MeV at 1.35 MeV and 1.29 +- 0.02 MeV at 2.02 MeV

Test of virtual photon theory. [Cross sections, square-well potential, 0 to 300 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dressler, E T; Tomusiak, E L [Saskatchewan Univ., Saskatoon (Canada). Saskatchewan Accelerator Lab.

1976-11-30

In order to extract a photodisintegration cross section in the c.m. system from an electrodisintegration cross section measured in the lab system, one has to assume that the electrons are mostly scattered forward and that the monopole contributions are negligible. To test the validity of these approximations, a square well potential was assumed for the initial and final states and the photodisintegration cross section was calculated exactly within this model. These results were then compared with the results one would obtain using the virtual photon theory approximations for electron energies of 0-300 MeV and excitation energies up to 40 MeV. In comparing the two results, it is shown how and why the virtual photon theory approximations fail in certain kinematical regions.

Escaping 1 MeV tritons in TFTR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zweben, S.J.; Strachan, J.D.; Boivin, R.; Cavallo, A.; Fredrickson, E.D.; McGuire, K.; Mynick, H.E.; White, R.B.

1989-01-01

1 MeV tritons created by D-D reactions can simulate the 'single-particle' behavior expected with 3.5 MeV D-T alphas, since the gyroradii and slowing-down of these two particles are similar. This paper describes measurements of the flux of escaping 1 MeV tritons from the TFTR plasma during high power D 0 →D neutral beam injection, and shows that in most cases the observed triton loss is consistent with the classical (single-particle) first-orbit loss model. In this model tritons are lost if their first orbit intersects the wall due to their large banana width, while almost all tritons confined on their first orbit should stay confined until thermalized. The triton detectors are ZnS(Ag) scintillator screens housed in light-tight boxes located just outside the plasma boundary at the bottom of the TFTR vessel. They are particle 'pinhole' cameras which can resolve the triton flux vs. pitch angle (to ±5 o ), energy (to ±50 %), and time (to <20 μsec). The 2-D images of triton flux onto these scintillators are optically coupled to either an intensified TV camera or to photomultiplyer tubes for fast time resolution. The soft x-ray background in an earlier prototype has been eliminated. Although there are presently 8 such detectors in TFTR, this paper discusses results from only the detector located just below the vessel center (R=259 cm, r=102 cm). Note that the '1 MeV triton' signal discussed below also has about a 30 % contribution from 3 MeV protons; however, since these two particles have identical gyroradii they should behave alike. 5 refs., 5 figs

MeV Mott polarimetry at Jefferson Lab

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Steigerwald, M.

2001-01-01

In the recent past, Mott polarimetry has been employed only at low electron beam energies (≅100 keV). Shortly after J. Sromicki demonstrated the first Mott scattering experiment on lead foils at 14 MeV (MAMI, 1994), a high energy Mott scattering polarimeter was developed at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (5 MeV, 1995). An instrumental precision of 0.5% was achieved due to dramatic improvement in eliminating the background signal by means of collimation, shielding, time of flight and coincidence methods. Measurements for gold targets between 0.05 μm and 5 μm for electron energies between 2 and 8 MeV are presented. A model was developed to explain the depolarization effects in the target foils due to double scattering. The instrumental helicity correlated asymmetries were measured to smaller than 0.1%

Klystron High Power Operation for KOMAC 100-MeV Proton Linac

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Seol, Kyung-Tae; Kim, Seong-Gu; Kwon, Hyeok-Jung; Kim, Han-Sung; Cho, Yong-Sub [KAERI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-05-15

The Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC) accelerator facility has a 100-MeV proton linac, five beam lines for 20-MeV beam utilization, and another five beam lines for 100-MeV beam utilization. The 100-MeV linac consists of a 50-keV proton injector based on a microwave ion source, a 3-MeV RFQ with a four-vane structure, and a 100-MeV DTL. Nine sets of 1MW klystrons have been operated for the 100-MeV proton linac. The klystron filament heating time was approximately 5700 hours in 2014, and RF operation time was 2863.4 hours. During the high power operation of the klystron, unstable RF waveforms appeared at the klystron output, and we have checked and performed cavity frequency adjustments, magnet and heater current, reflection from a circulator, klystron test without a circulator, and the frequency spectrum measurement. Nine sets of the klystrons have been operated for the KOMAC 100-MeV proton linac. The klystron filament heating time was 5700 hours and RF operation time was 2863.4 hours during the operation in 2014. Some klystrons have unstable RF waveforms at specific power level. We have checked and tested the cavity frequency adjustment, reflection from a circulator, high power test without a circulator, and frequency spectrum at the unstable RF.

Fission cross section of 235U from 1 to 6 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barton, D.M.; Diven, B.C.; Hansen, G.E.; Jarvis, G.A.; Koontz, P.G.; Smith, R.K.

1976-01-01

The ratio of the neutron-induced fission cross section of 235 U to the neutron-proton scattering cross section was measured in the neutron energy region from 1 to 6 MeV. The neutron source was the T(p,n) reaction produced by a pulsed Van de Graaff proton beam on a thin tritium gas target. The use of monoenergetic neutrons allowed time-of-flight methods to be used to study carefully backgrounds and source characteristics

Linac4 crosses the 100 MeV threshold

CERN Multimedia

Corinne Pralavorio

2016-01-01

The new linear accelerator, which from 2020 will be the first link in the accelerator chain, has entered a new stage of its commissioning.   Members of the team in charge of the commissioning of Linac4 in the accelerator’s control room. A few hours earlier, Linac4 accelerated a beam to 107 MeV for the first time. We couldn’t have imagined a more appropriate date: on 1 July (1.07), Linac4 reached an energy of 107 MeV. Having crossed the 100 MeV barrier, the linear accelerator is now on the home straight of its commissioning. “This stage was very quick – it took less than two weeks,” says Alessandra Lombardi, deputy project leader of Linac4, in charge of the commissioning. In 2020, Linac4 will replace the existing Linac2 as the first link in the accelerator chain. It will accelerate beams of H- ions (protons surrounded by two electrons) to 160 MeV, compared to 50 MeV with Linac2. The new machine is particularly sophisticated as it comprises...

Analysis of the experimental data on carbon-neutron interactions for energy below 20MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haouat, G.; Lachkar, J.; Patin, Y.; Sigaud, J.; Cocu, F.

1975-01-01

An evaluation of the neutron-induced cross sections of carbon has been completed for the energy region 10 -4 eV to 20MeV. The recommended data are based on experiments, some of them being done in this laboratory. Energy and angular distributions of secondary neutrons and photons are included. The adopted values are discussed [fr

Medio ambiente urbano: Una mirada desde la historia de las ideas científicas y las profesiones de la ciudad. Buenos Aires 1850-1915. / The urban environment: A view from the history of scientific ideas and professions of the city. Buenos Aires 1850-1915.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paiva, Verónica

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Desde la década de 1960 en adelante, el medio ambiente se ha convertido en un tema prioritario en el nivel mundial. En lo que a estudios históricos se refiere la mayor parte de las investigaciones sobre historia ambiental han sido producidas desde la perspectiva ecológica, es decir de una mirada que toma conceptos actuales del debate ambiental (relación sociedad-naturaleza, entropía, etc investigando en qué medida las sociedades históricas han sido más o menos cuidadosas del ambiente. En este artículo mi interés es abordar la temática del medio urbano porteño entre 1850 y 1915 desde otra perspectiva que considero que puede enriquecer el cuerpo actual de conocimientos sobre historia ambiental, profundizando especialmente sobre las concepciones científicas que por aquel entonces, guiaron la práctica profesional en materia de medio urbano./This article will approach the issue of urban Buenos Aires between 1850 and 1915 from a perspective that can enrich the existing body of knowledge on environmental history, especially deepening scientific conceptions that guided the practice in the field of urban environment.

Alejandro Bunge y el problema de la vivienda obrera en la República Argentina (1910-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge A. Núñez

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende indagar, a partir del estudio de la figura del economista Alejandro Bunge, en la problemática de la vivienda obrera en la República Argentina en las primeras décadas de la pasada centuria. Aquí se argumentará que los estudios realizados porAlejandro Bunge como director de la División Estadísticas del Departamento Nacional de Trabajo en el período 1910-1915 contribuyeron de manera notable a la elaboración del proyectoy posterior sanción de la Ley de Casas Baratas para Obreros (n°9677.

Scattering of 130 MeV helions on 58Ni

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Djaloeis, A.; Alderliesten, C.; Bojowald, J.; Oelert, W.; Turek, P.

1982-01-01

Angular distributions for the tau + 58 Ni scattering to the (g.s., 0 + ) (1.45 MeV, 2 + ) and giant resonance (Esub(x) approximately 63Asup(-1/3) MeV) states in 58 Ni have been measured at Esub(tau) = 130 MeV in an angular range thetasub(c.m.) = 6 0 -83 0 . Optical model and DWBA analyses have been performed. The use of helion optical potentials with either a volume (Woods-Saxon) or a surface (Woods-Saxon derivative) absorption results in good fits to the g.s. and 1.45 MeV data. However, the volume absorption gives consistently a better fit quality. The discrete ambiguity of the helion optical potential has been resolved in favour of the shallow potential family. The giant resonance is found to have a dominant quadrupole (L=2) character with about 6% (EWSR) L=4 admixture. (Auth.)

Study of the thermal oxidation of titanium and zirconium under argon ion irradiation in the low MeV range (E = 15 MeV)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Do, N.-L.

2012-01-01

We have shown that argon ion irradiation between 1 and 15 MeV produces damage on both titanium and zirconium surfaces, taking the form of accelerated oxidation and/or craterization effects, varying as a function of the projectile energy and the annealing atmosphere (temperature and pressure) simulating the environmental conditions of the fuel/cladding interface of PWR fuel rods. Using AFM, we have shown that the titanium and zirconium surface is attacked under light argon ion bombardment at high temperature (up to 500 C) in weakly oxidizing medium (under rarefied dry air pressure ranging from 5,7 10 -5 Pa to 5 10 -3 Pa) for a fixed fluence of about 5 10 14 ions.cm -2 . We observed the formation of nano-metric craters over the whole titanium surface irradiated between 2 and 9 MeV and the whole zirconium surface irradiated at 4 MeV, the characteristics of which vary depending on the temperature and the pressure. In the case of the Ar/Ti couple, the superficial damage efficiency increases when the projectile energy decreases from 9 to 2 MeV. Moreover, whereas the titanium surface seems to be transparent under the 15-MeV ion beam, the zirconium surface exhibits numerous micrometric craters surrounded by a wide halo. The crater characteristics (size and superficial density) differ significantly from that observed both in the low energy range (keV) where the energy losses are controlled by ballistic collisions (Sn) and in the high energy range (MeV - GeV) where the energy losses are controlled by electronic excitations (Se), which was not completely unexpected in this intermediate energy range for which combined Sn - Se stopping power effects are possibly foreseen. Using XPS associated to ionic sputtering, we have shown that there is an irradiation effect on thermal oxidation of titanium, enhanced under the argon ion beam between 2 and 9 MeV, and that there is also an energy effect on the oxide thickness and stoichiometry. The study conducted using Spectroscopic

Determination of protein content in some foodstaffs using 14 MeV NAA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdel Samei, M.B.; Elshafie, M.A.; Hanna, M.; Csikai, J.; Juhasz, M.

1986-01-01

The protein content of meals of various seeds (rice, lupine, sorghum, pumpkin, linseed, water melon, tomato) collected from Egypt and the USA was determined by 14 MeV neutron activation analysis via sup(14)N(n,2n)sup(13)N reaction. Non-conventional sources like tea and coffee residues are also investigated. The concentrations of trace elements determined by the x-ray fluorescence technique show definite differences even for a given type of seed produced in different geographical regions. (author)

Spectroscopic study of 206,207,208Pb isotopes by high resolution analysis of 24.5 MeV proton scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vallois, G.

1968-03-01

206,207,208 pb have been studied by 24.5 MeV proton inelastic scattering with a resolution of 20 keV. The angular distributions of the differential cross-sections corresponding to the different excited levels have been measured in a large angular region and analysed with the DWBA.This work shows that it exists between 4 and 5 MeV of excitation energy some strongly excited levels corresponding to transfer momenta l = 2, 4, 6 and 8. The single particle-hole models do not explain these states; so it will probably be necessary to introduce some several particle - hole configurations. (author) [fr

Focussed MeV ion beam implanted waveguides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Von Bibra, M.L.; Roberts, A.; Nugent, K.; Jamieson, D.N. [Melbourne Univ., Parkville, VIC (Australia). School of Physics

1996-12-31

Single mode buried optical waveguides have been fabricated in fused silica by MeV proton implantation using a focussed hydrogen ion beam. The technique has the potential to direct write waveguide devices and produce multi-layered structures, without the need for intermediate steps such as mask fabrication or layered depositions. A micron resolution Confocal Raman Spectrometer has been used to map the distribution of atomic vacancies that forms the waveguiding region. The results are compared with theoretical calculations. Losses of 3 dB cm{sup -1} have been measured in unannealed samples, which decreases to less than 0.5 dB cm{sup -1} after annealing at 500 degrees Celsius. We describe methods for determining the refractive index distribution of single mode buried waveguides from their output intensity distributions via an inversion of the scalar wave equation. (authors). 5 figs.

Focussed MeV ion beam implanted waveguides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Von Bibra, M L; Roberts, A; Nugent, K; Jamieson, D N [Melbourne Univ., Parkville, VIC (Australia). School of Physics

1997-12-31

Single mode buried optical waveguides have been fabricated in fused silica by MeV proton implantation using a focussed hydrogen ion beam. The technique has the potential to direct write waveguide devices and produce multi-layered structures, without the need for intermediate steps such as mask fabrication or layered depositions. A micron resolution Confocal Raman Spectrometer has been used to map the distribution of atomic vacancies that forms the waveguiding region. The results are compared with theoretical calculations. Losses of 3 dB cm{sup -1} have been measured in unannealed samples, which decreases to less than 0.5 dB cm{sup -1} after annealing at 500 degrees Celsius. We describe methods for determining the refractive index distribution of single mode buried waveguides from their output intensity distributions via an inversion of the scalar wave equation. (authors). 5 figs.

Characterisation of a compton suppressed clover detector for high energy gamma rays (5 MeV ≤ E ≤ 11 MeV)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saha Sarkar, M.; Kshetri, Ritesh; Raut, Rajarshi; Mukherjee, A.; Goswami, A.; Ray, S.; Basu, P.; Majumder, H.; Bhattacharya, S.; Dasmahapatra, B.; Sinha, Mandira; Ray, Maitreyee

2004-01-01

The Clover detectors in their add back mode have been seen to be excellent tools for detecting high energy gamma rays (≥ 2 MeV). Recently studies were carried out on the characteristics of a Compton suppressed Clover germanium detector up to 5 MeV using a radioactive 66 Ga (T 1/2 =9.41 h) source for the first time

Measurement of double differential cross sections of secondary neutrons in the incident energy range 9-13 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Hongqing; Qi Bujia; Zhou Zuying; Sa Jun; Ke Zunjian; Sui Qingchang; Xia Haihong; Shen Guanren

1992-01-01

The status and technique of double differential cross section measurement of secondary neutrons in the incident neutron energy range 9 to 13 MeV is reviewed with emphasis on the work done at CIAE. There are scarce measurements of secondary neutron double differential cross sections in this energy region up to now. A main difficulty for this is lack of an applicable monoenergetic neutron source. When monoenergetic neutron energy reaches 8 Me/v, the break-up neutrons from the d + D or p + T reaction starts to become significant. It is difficult to get a pure secondary neutron spectrum induced only by monoenergetic neutrons. To solve this problem an abnormal fast neutron TOF facility was designed and tested. Double differential neutron emission cross sections of 238 U and 209 Bi at 10 MeV were obtained by combining the data measured by both normal and abnormal TOF spectrometers and a good agreement between measurement and calculation was achieved

p-p analyzing power excitation function between 510 and 725 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beurtey, R.; Arvieux, J.; Boivin, M.; Boyard, J.L.; Durand, J.M.; Combes-Comets, M.P.; Courtat, P.; Gacougnolle, R.; Le Bornec, Y.; Garcon, M.

1993-01-01

In an earlier experiment some evidence was observed for narrow dibaryons in the analyzing power excitation function of p-p elastic scattering at √s=2160 MeV and 2192 MeV, with width Γ≅13-14 MeV. A different procedure has been carried out at the SATURNE synchrotron, in order to obtain a very high accuracy of the analyzing power for a large number of energies between 510 and 725 MeV. The results show no evidence for any structure with width ∼5 to 20 MeV. The reasons at the difference between the two experiments are discussed. (K.A.) 2 refs., 3 figs

NSRL 200 MeV linac beam energy stabilization system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Guirong; Pei Yuanji; Dong Sai

2001-01-01

By using the computer image processing technology and RF phase auto-shifting system, the ESS (Energy Stabilization System) was applied to 200 MeV Linac. the ESS adjusts beam energy automatically in a range of +-4 MeV. After adjustment beam energy stability is improved to +-6%

Study of Gamow-Teller giant resonance in /sup 90/Nb by the /sup 90/Zr(/sup 3/He,t)/sup 90/Nb reaction at 90 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujiwara, M.; Fujita, Y.; Katayama, I.; Morinobu, S.; Yamazaki, T.; Itahashi, T.; Ikegami, H. [Osaka Univ., Suita (Japan). Research Center for Nuclear Physics; Hayakawa, S. I.; Ikegami, Hidetsugu; Muraoka, Mitsuo [eds.; Osaka Univ., Suita (Japan). Research Center for Nuclear Physics

1980-01-01

A Gamow-Teller giant resonance in /sup 90/Nb was excited by the /sup 90/Zr(/sup 3/He, t) reaction at 89.5 MeV. The strength of the resonance was localized in the energy region of Ex = 4.5 - 7.5 MeV. The transition was found to be dominated by the L = 2 transfer.

Neutron total, scattering and inelastic gamma-ray cross sections of yttrium at few MeV energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Budtz-Joergensen, C.; Guenther, P.; Smith, A.; Whalen, J.; McMurray, W.R.; Renan, M.J.; Heerden, I.J. van

1984-01-01

Neutron total, scattering and (n; n', γ) cross sections of elemental yttrium ( 89 Y) were measured in the few-MeV region. The neutron total-cross-section measurements were made with broad resolutions from approx.=0.5 to 4.2 MeV in steps of < or approx.0.1 MeV. Neutron elastic- and inelastic-scattering cross sections were measured from approx.=1.5 to 4.0 MeV, at incident-neutron energy intervals of approx.=50 keV and at ten or more scattering angles distributed between 20 and 160 degrees using neutron detection. Inelastic-scattering cross sections were also determined using the (n; n', γ) reaction at incident energies from 1.6 to 3.8 MeV at intervals of 0.1 MeV. Gamma-rays and/or inelastically-scattered neutrons were observed corresponding to the excitation of levels at: 909.0+-0.5, 1,507.4+-0.3, 1,744.5+-0.3, 2,222.6+-0.5, 2,530+-0.8, 2,566.4+-1.0, 2,622.5+-1.0, 2,871.9+-1.5, 2,880.6+-2.0, 3,067.0+-2.0, 3,107.0+-2.0, 3,140.0+-2.0, 3,410.0+-2.0, 3,450.0+-2.0, 3,504.0+-1.5, 3,514.0+-2.0, 3,556.0+-2.0, 3,619.0+-3.0, 3,629.0+-3.0 and 3,715.0+-3.0 keV. The experimental results are discussed in terms of the spherical-optical-statistical, coupled-channels, and core-coupling models, and in the context of previously reported excited-level structure. (orig.)

Elastic and inelastic scattering of α particles at 41MeV and elastic scattering of 3He at 46MeV on 27Al, 28Si, 29Si, and 30Si

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mariolopoulos, Georges.

1976-01-01

Elastic and inelastic scattering of α particles at 41MeV has been studied on 27 Al, 28 Si, 29 Si and 30 Si between 30 and 160deg c.m. The elastic cross section for α particles on 28 Si shows more oscillation than that for the other targets in the region between 80 and 160deg c.m. The data have been analyzed using both a 9 parameters optical model potential and a coupled channel code. In order to investigate the assumption that the abnormal cross section of 28 Si is due to a cluster effect, the 27 Al, 28 Si, 29 Si, 30 Si( 3 He, 3 He) reaction have been studied between 30 and 110deg c.m., using a 46MeV beam. In this case the angular distributions of the three Si isotopes are similar. An optical model analysis of the data reveals no anomaly [fr

XRD study of yttria stabilized zirconia irradiated with 7.3 MeV Fe, 10 MeV I, 16 MeV Au, 200 MeV Xe and 2.2 GeV Au ions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakano, K.; Yoshizaki, H. [Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 (Japan); Saitoh, Y. [Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan); Ishikawa, N. [Tokai Research and Development Center, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Iwase, A., E-mail: iwase@mtr.osakafu-u.ac.jp [Department of Materials Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531 (Japan)

2016-03-01

To simulate energetic neutron irradiation effects, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) which is one of the major materials for electrical corrosion potential sensors (ECP sensors) was irradiated with heavy ions at energies ranging from 7.3 MeV to 2.2 GeV. Ion irradiation effects on the lattice structure were analyzed using the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The increase in lattice constant was induced by the ion irradiation. It was dominated by the elastic collision process and not by the electronic excitation process. The lattice disordering which was observed as a broadening of XRD peaks was also induced by the irradiation especially for 200 MeV Xe ion irradiation. The present result suggests that the expansion and/or the disordering of YSZ lattice induced by energetic neutrons may affect the durability of a joint interface between a metal housing and YSZ membrane for the usage of ECP sensors in nuclear power reactors.

The 600 MeV Saclay electron linac: 40000 hour operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Netter, F.

1977-01-01

After 40000 hours of operation, the 600 MeV Saclay's electron linac (ALS) does appear as an efficient and versatile tool, for high resolution work (20 μA in ΔE = 40 keV at E = 200MeV), for high power pion production (300 μA in 20 μs pulses at 1000 Hz and 400 MeV or 240 μA in 4 μs pulses at 3000 Hz and 390 MeV), for highly reliable positron beams acceleration, a.s.o. Main improvements made in the recent years are described in particular the automatic beam switching between any two ways among the beam handling system; and the computer newly installed in the control room with a powerful visual display allowing an easy and flexible dialogue of the operators with the computer [fr

Comercio y producción en el proceso de desarrollo capitalista en la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina, 1850-1915, De fábrica de carne y grasa a fábrica de vinos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodolfo Richard-Jorba

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El trabajo estudia los dos modelos económicos y sociales que tuvieron vigencia en Mendoza entre 1870 y 1915. El primero, de ganadería comercial con agricultura subordinada, estaba centrado en el negocio de compra de ganado en el este del país, su engorde en los oasis mendocinos y su exportación a Chile. La modernización capitalista impuso el modelo agroindustrial vitivinícola orientado al mercado interno formando una de las primeras economías regionales de Argentina. El análisis de los modelos muestra las características centrales de cada uno y el proceso de grandes transformaciones económicas, sociales, políticas y territoriales que experimentó la provincia.This paper studies the two economical and social models that were in vogue in Mendoza between 1870 and 1915 which was oudined by the author's research. The commercial livestock with subordinate agriculture was centered on the buying of cattle in the eastern part of the country, its fattening in the oasis of Mendoza and its export to Chile. The capitalist modernization imposed the viticulture agro industrial model directed to the internal market. This model developed one of the regional economy of Argentine. The analysis of these two models shows the principal characteristics of each and the process of great economical, social, politics and territorial transformations of the province.

An Optical Model Study of Neutrons Elastically Scattered by Iron, Nickel, Cobalt, Copper, and Indium in the Energy Region 1.5 to 7.0 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Holmqvist, B; Wiedling, T

1967-03-15

Angular distributions of elastically scattered neutrons have been measured for cobalt and copper at nine energies between 1.5 and 7.0 MeV, for natural iron at 4.6 MeV, for natural nickel and indium at four energies between 3.0 and 4.6 MeV, by using time-of-flight technique. The observed angular distributions were corrected for neutron flux attenuation, multiple elastic scattering, and the finite geometry of the source-sample-detector system by using a Monte Carlo program. Theoretical angular distributions have been fitted to the experimental angular distributions by using an optical model potential with Saxon-Woods form factors. A computer program was used to find parameter values of the potential giving the best fittings to the experimental angular distributions.

Polarization measurements in p-p elastic scattering between 398 and 572 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aebischer, D.; Favier, B.; Greeniaus, L.G.; Hess, R.; Junod, A.; Lechanoine, C.; Nikles, J.C.; Rapin, D.; Werren, D.W.

1977-01-01

Measurements of the analyzing power for p-p elastic scattering at 398, 455, 497, 530, and 572 MeV are reported. A system of multiwire proportional chambers placed directly in a polarized beam was used to observe the angular region 1.5 0 0 . An increase in P(theta) is observed as a function of both scattering angle and incident kinetic energy. Electromagnetic-nuclear interference is used to obtain direct information in the nuclear interaction. (Auth.)

Sustained >100 MeV Gamma-Ray Emission: A Monitor for >300 MeV SEP Protons at the Sun

Science.gov (United States)

Share, G. H.; Murphy, R. J.

2017-12-01

Solar γ radiation is the product of proton and ion interactions in the solar atmosphere. The spectrum and temporal characteristics of the emission provides fundamental information on the ions at the Sun. Until the launch of the Fermi satellite, with its Large Area Telescope (LAT) sensitive to radiation above 100 MeV, most of the γ-ray observations were made in the nuclear energy range with radiation arising from interaction of one to tens of MeV ions produced in solar flares. Since 2008 the LAT has detected 30 high-energy γ-ray events with temporal and spectral characteristics that are distinct from the associated solar flare. We call this radiation Sustained Gamma-Ray Emission (SGRE) and briefly summarize its characteristics reported in a recent paper. The γ-ray spectra are consistent with pion decay radiation produced by protons above 300 MeV. The onset of the radiation most often occurs after the impulsive flare and the emission can last several hours. We find that the number of protons responsible for the SGRE is typically more than 10 times the number of flare-accelerated protons. These characteristics require that there be an additional source of energy to accelerate the protons to hundreds of MeV to produce the SGRE. As 28 of the 30 SGRE events are accompanied by fast CMEs, it is likely that these protons are accelerated by the same shock that produces gradual SEPs. We find that the number of protons >500 MeV in the accompanying SEPs is typically about 50-100 times the number of protons that return to the Sun to produce the SGRE. There also appear to be correlations between the numbers of SEP and SGRE protons and durations of >100 MeV SEP proton and SGRE events. We find that for all SGRE events where there were flare observations, the accompanying impulsive X-radiation reached energies >100 keV. In a limited study of 18 solar events with CME speeds >800 km/s we also find that the median SEP proton flux is 25 times higher when flare hard X-rays exceed 100

Women against the Incident of the Poverty and Public Insalubrity in Cartagena (Colombia, 1915-1928

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raul Antonio Cera Ochoa

2016-01-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes which was to pass femininely opposite to the incidents of the poverty and public insalubrity in Cartagena during 1915 and 1928. The author reconstructs economic, political and social aspects of the local area and realizes of the women's participation of low, average and high sectors. In a context where denunciations and complaints take place on problematic, —that were committing an outrage against the order and the physical and moral well-being of the population—, as the uncleanliness, the lack of water, the infant mortality and the prostitution. The primary analyzed sources are texts of the official and commercial press located in the Historical Archives of Cartagena.

Quasi-monoenergetic neutron energy spectra for 246 and 389 MeV (7)Li(p,n) reactions at angles from 0 degrees to 300 degrees

CERN Document Server

Iwamoto, Y; Nakamura, T; Nakashima, H; Mares, V; Itoga, T; Matsumoto, T; Nakane, Y; Feldbaumer, E; Jaegerhofer, L; Pioch, C; Tamii, A; Satoh, D; Masuda, A; Sato, T; Iwase, H; Yashima, H; Nishiyama, J; Hagiwara, M; Hatanaka, K; Sakamoto, Y

2011-01-01

The authors measured the neutron energy spectra of a quasi-monoenergetic (7)Li(p,n) neutron source with 246 and 389 MeV protons set at seven angles (0 degrees, 2.5 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees), using a time-of-flight (TOF) method employing organic scintillators NE213 at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) of Osaka University. The energy spectra of the source neutrons were precisely deduced down to 2 MeV at 0 degrees and 10 MeV at other angles. The cross-sections of the peak neutron production reaction at 0 degrees were on the 35-40 mb line of other experimental data, and the peak neutron angular distribution agreed well with the Taddeucci formula. Neutron energy spectra below 100 MeV at all angles were comparable, but the shapes of the continuum above 150 MeV changed considerably with the angle. In order to consider the correction required to derive the response in the peak region from the measured total response for high-energy neutron monitors such as DAR...

RBE comparison between rapid electrons of 20 MeV and 45 MeV with survival rate, DNA synthesis, DNA reparation and nucleoid sedimentation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alth, G.; Weniger, P.; Turtzer, K.; Klein, W.; Kocsis, F.; Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien-Lainz; Oesterreichisches Forschungszentrum Seibersdorf G.m.b.H. Inst. fuer Biologie)

1982-01-01

In order to find out possible differences of the biologic efficacy of rapid electrons of different energies, the authors examined the influence of rapid electrons of 20 MeV and 45 MeV upon the survival rate of Hela cells S3, their cell growth, DNA synthesis, DNA reparation, and sedimentation of nucleoids. The results show a difference only for the nucleoid sedimentation, i.e. there are more fractured DNA cords after 45 MeV irradiation. No significant differences could be demonstrated for the parameters of the survival curve, DNA synthesis and DNA reparation. Four double tests were carried out corresponding to the indicated types of examination. (orig.) [de

The Bohr-Sommerfeld atom theory. Sommerfeld's extension of Bohr's atomic model 1915/16; Die Bohr-Sommerfeldsche Atomtheorie. Sommerfelds Erweiterung des Bohrschen Atommodells 1915/16

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sommerfeld, Arnold

2013-07-01

In December 6th 1915 and January 8th 1916 Arnold Sommerfeld put the Bavarian Academy of Sciences two treatises in the amount of 75 printed pages before, by which he extended Bohr's atomic model from the year 1913 to the Bohr-Sommerfeld atom theory. In Sommerfeld's collected works only the publication submitted 1916 by Sommerfeld in the Annals of Physics about this is found.''My spectral lines are finally printed in the Academy to the impure. In the Annals they will appear in purer form'', so Sommerfeld has announced in this publication in February 10th 1916 to the editor of the Annals of Physics. From the science-historical view however for the extension of Bohr's atom theory just the Academy-treatises published before the purification process are of special interest. To the reproduction of these Academy-treatises an extensive physics-historical essay is prepended.

Fission cross sections in the intermediate energy region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lisowski, P.W.; Gavron, A.; Parker, W.E.; Ullmann, J.L.; Balestrini, S.J.; Carlson, A.D.; Wasson, O.A.; Hill, N.W.

1991-01-01

Until recently there has been very little cross section data for neutron-induced fission in the intermediate energy region, primarily because no suitable neutron source has existed. At Los Alamos, the WNR target-4 facility provides a high-intensity source of neutrons nearly ideal for fission measurements extending from a fraction of a MeV to several hundred MeV. This paper summarizes the status of fission cross section data in the intermediate energy range (En > 30 MeV) and presents our fission cross section data for 235 U and 238 U compared to intranuclear cascade and statistical model predictions

Fission cross sections in the intermediate energy region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lisowski, P.W.; Gavron, A.; Parker, W.E.; Ullmann, J.L.; Balestrini, S.J. (Los Alamos National Lab., NM (USA)); Carlson, A.D.; Wasson, O.A. (National Inst. of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (USA)); Hill, N.W. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA))

1991-01-01

Until recently there has been very little cross section data for neutron-induced fission in the intermediate energy region, primarily because no suitable neutron source has existed. At Los Alamos, the WNR target-4 facility provides a high-intensity source of neutrons nearly ideal for fission measurements extending from a fraction of a MeV to several hundred MeV. This paper summarizes the status of fission cross section data in the intermediate energy range (En > 30 MeV) and presents our fission cross section data for {sup 235}U and {sup 238}U compared to intranuclear cascade and statistical model predictions.

Cross section ratio and angular distributions of the reaction p + d → 3He + η at 48.8 MeV and 59.8 MeV excess energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adlarson, P.; Calen, H.; Fransson, K.; Gullstroem, C.O.; Heijkenskjoeld, L.; Hoeistad, B.; Johansson, T.; Marciniewski, P.; Redmer, C.F.; Wolke, M.; Zlomanczuk, J.; Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Morsch, H.P.; Trzcinski, A.; Zupranski, P.; Bardan, W.; Ciepal, I.; Czerwinski, E.; Hodana, M.; Jany, A.; Jany, B.R.; Jarczyk, L.; Kamys, B.; Kistryn, S.; Krzemien, W.; Magiera, A.; Moskal, P.; Ozerianska, I.; Podkopal, P.; Rudy, Z.; Skurzok, M.; Smyrski, J.; Wronska, A.; Zielinski, M.J.; Bashkanov, M.; Clement, H.; Doroshkevich, E.; Perez del Rio, E.; Pricking, A.; Skorodko, T.; Wagner, G.J.; Bergmann, F.S.; Demmich, K.; Goslawski, P.; Huesken, N.; Khoukaz, A.; Passfeld, A.; Taeschner, A.; Berlowski, M.; Stepaniak, J.; Bhatt, H.; Lalwani, K.; Varma, R.; Buescher, M.; Engels, R.; Goldenbaum, F.; Hejny, V.; Khan, F.A.; Lersch, D.; Lorentz, B.; Maier, R.; Ohm, H.; Prasuhn, D.; Schadmand, S.; Sefzick, T.; Stassen, R.; Sterzenbach, G.; Stockhorst, H.; Stroeher, H.; Wurm, P.; Zurek, M.; Coderre, D.; Ritman, J.; Erven, A.; Erven, W.; Kemmerling, G.; Kleines, H.; Wuestner, P.; Eyrich, W.; Hauenstein, F.; Krapp, M.; Zink, A.; Fedorets, P.; Foehl, K.; Goswami, A.; Grigoryev, K.; Kirillov, D.A.; Piskunov, N.M.; Klos, B.; Stephan, E.; Weglorz, W.; Kulessa, P.; Pysz, K.; Siudak, R.; Szczurek, A.; Kupsc, A.; Pszczel, D.; Mikirtychiants, M.; Pyszniak, A.; Roy, A.; Sawant, S.; Serdyuk, V.; Sopov, V.; Yamamoto, A.; Yurev, L.; Zabierowski, J.

2014-01-01

We present new data for angular distributions and on the cross section ratio of the p+d → 3 He + η reaction at excess energies of Q = 48.8 MeV and Q = 59.8 MeV. The data have been obtained at the WASA-at-COSY experiment (Forschungszentrum Juelich) using a proton beam and a deuterium pellet target. While the shape of obtained angular distributions show only a slow variation with the energy, the new results indicate a distinct and unexpected total cross section fluctuation between Q = 20 MeV and Q = 60 MeV, which might indicate the variation of the production mechanism within this energy interval. (orig.)

Ciência, telégrafos e geografia: os engenheiros militares da Comissão Rondon, 1907-1915

OpenAIRE

Aranha,Patrícia M.

2013-01-01

Tem como objeto os trabalhos de demarcação de fronteiras e inventário do território noroeste do país entre 1907 e 1915, ocasião em que se destacam as realizações da Comissão Construtora de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas do Mato Grosso ao Amazonas, organizada pelos ministérios da Guerra, Viação e Obras Públicas e Agricultura, com vistas à integração nacional. A pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar as formas pelas quais se desenvolviam os trabalhos de levantamento topográfico, realizados pe...

[Our surgical heritage: tragic destinies of surgeons. The senseless destruction of a talent: Ernst Jeger (1884-1915)].

Science.gov (United States)

Schober, K L

1984-01-01

The Austrian physician Ernst Jeger born in 1884 got an all-round training in internal medicine, physiology and surgery (Vienna, London, Berlin, Breslau). J. was especially interested in vessel and heart surgery. He did a lot of experimental work in this field, visited Alexis Carrel at the Rockefeller Institute (New York) in 1912 and published a comprehensive and even today astonishing book, entitled "Surgery of Vessels and Heart" (1913). At the beginning of World War I Jeger was called up and became a military surgeon. He was taken prisoner and died from typhoid fever in August 1915.

Dispersive optical-model and coupled-channels descriptions of neutron scattering from 27Al and 59Co up to 80 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagadi, M.M.; Howell, C.R.; Tornow, W.; Weisel, G.J.; Al-Ohali, M.A.; Braun, R.T.; Setze, H.R.; Chen Zemin; Walter, R.L.; Delaroche, J.P.; Romain, P.

2003-01-01

Differential cross sections σ(θ) and analyzing powers A y (θ) have been measured for neutron scattering from 27 Al and 59 Co at 15 MeV at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory using standard time-of-flight techniques. In addition, σ(θ) was measured for 59 Co at 10, 12, 14, 17, and 19 MeV . Two large databases covering the energy range from 0.1 to 80 MeV were formed for these nuclei from this new data and previously published data, including that for the total cross section σ T . These sets of data were analyzed using spherical dispersive optical-model (DOM) potentials, as well as coupled-channels model (CCM) potentials. The 59 Co DOM gives good agreement with the σ(θ) data, except in the region of the first minimum. It also gives a reasonable description of our A y (θ) measurement. The 27 Al DOM gives good agreement with the data, except for σ(θ) at backward angles below 9.4 MeV and for σ T , for which there is up to 5% disagreement in the 10-50 MeV range. Compared to the DOM, the 59 Co CCM calculations give improved agreement with the σ(θ) data, especially at the first minimum. The σ T calculations agree with the data to within about 3% above 1.0 MeV . The three-level CCM calculations for 27 Al give excellent agreement with the entire database

Production of radionuclides by 14 MeV neutron generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alfassi, Z.B.

1983-01-01

Due to the short half-lives of these nuclides they have to be produced in situ or at least not far from the place of use. The cost of 14 MeV neutron generators have been compared with the typical middle-sized cyclotrons and it was found that the capital costs are much lower in the case of neutron generators. This is the main reason for the availability of 14 MeV neutron generators in many scientific institutes compared to the scarcity of cyclotrons. Lately, the use of 14 MeV neutrons for cancer therapy was studied in several medical centers. A number of hospitals and cancer research centers have high intensity 14 MeV neutron generators for this purpose. The advantages of using short-lived in-house produced radionuclides suggest the use of the available 14 MeV neutron generators for biological studies and in medical diagnosis. 14 MeV neutron generators can be used to produce some of the medically useful radionuclides, such as /sup 18/F, /sup 80/Br, /sup 199m/Hg, and others. However, the amount required for medicine can only be prepared by the new high intensity neutron generators, used for neutron therapy and not by the smaller ones, commonly used in university laboratories (--10/sup 11/ n/sec). On the other hand, these relatively small neutron generators can be used for the preparation of radionuclides for biological studies. They facilitate the study of metabolism of elements for which radionuclides cannot be usually purchased due to short half-lives or the high price of the long-lived ones, such as /sup 34m/Cl, /sup 18/F, /sup 28,29/Al, /sup 27/Mg, and others. An example is the work done on the fate of Al and Mg in rats using /sup 28/Al and /sup 27/Mg./sup 13/

Revision of Diplocirrus Haase, 1915, including Bradiella Rullier, 1965, and Diversibranchius Buzhinskaja, 1993 (Polychaeta, Flabelligeridae)

Science.gov (United States)

Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.; Buzhinskaja, Galina

2011-01-01

Abstract Diplocirrus Haase, 1915, includes flabelligerids having cylindrical to club-shaped bodies, with cirriform papillae, multiarticulate chaetae in both parapodial rami, 8 branchial filaments of two types (thick and rarely lamellate, or cirriform), gonopodial lobes in chaetigers 5 or 6, or multiple gonopores along some anterior chaetigers. Bradiella Rullier, 1965, has included only the type species: Bradiella branchiata Rullier, 1965, described from Eastern Australia. The original description has been overlooked and it lacked enough details on branchial and chaetal features. Diversibranchius Buzhinskaja, 1993, with Diplocirrus nicolaji Buzhinskaja, 1994, as the type species, was introduced for a similar species from the Japan Sea. These two monotypic genera share the same morphologic features with Diplocirrus, and are herein regarded as its junior synonyms. As herein redefined, Diplocirrus includes, besides its type species, Diplocirrus glaucus (Malmgren, 1867)from Scandinavia : Diplocirrus branchiatus (Rullier, 1965), comb. n. from Queensland, Australia, Diplocirrus capensis Day, 1961 from South Africa, Diplocirrus erythroporus Gallardo, 1968 from Vietnam, Diplocirrus hirsutus (Hansen, 1882) from Arctic and subarctic regions, Diplocirrus incognitus Darbyshire & Mackie, 2009 from South Africa, Diplocirrus kudenovi sp. n. from off Western Mexico, Diplocirrus longisetosus (von Marenzeller, 1890) restricted to the Bering Sea, Diplocirrus micans Fauchald, 1972 from deep water off Oregon and Western Mexico, Diplocirrus nicolaji (Buzhinskaja, 1994), comb. n. from the Japan Sea, Diplocirrus normani (McIntosh, 1908), comb. n. from Scandinavia, Diplocirrus octobranchus (Hartman, 1965), comb. n. from off New England, and Diplocirrus stopbowitzi Darbyshire & Mackie, 2009 from the Irish Sea. PMID:21852920

Comparisons of vector analyzing-power data and calculations for neutron-deuteron elastic scattering from 10 to 14 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Howell, C.R.; Tornow, W.; Murphy, K.; Pfuetzner, H.G.; Roberts, M.L.; Li, A.; Felsher, P.D.; Walter, R.L.; Slaus, I.; Treado, P.A.; Koike, Y.

1987-01-01

High-accuracy analyzing-power A y (θ) data for n-d elastic scattering at 12 MeV have been measured using the polarized-neutron facilities at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory (TUNL). The present data have been combined with previous n-d measurements at 10, 12, and 14.1 MeV to form the highest-accuracy A y (θ) data set for n-d elastic scattering below 20 MeV. These data are compared to recent Faddeev-based neutron-deuteron (n-d) calculations which use the Paris and Bonn equivalent separable potentials PEST and BEST, as well as Doleschall's representation of the P- and D-wave nucleon-nucleon interactions. None of these models adequately describe the data in the angular region around the maximum of A y (θ). Possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed. The sensitivity of the present Faddeev-based calculations to various angular momentum components of the nucleon-nucleon interaction are examined. (Auth.)

A new evaluation of neutron data for the 209Bi between 10-5 eV and 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bersillon, O.; Caput, B.; Philis, C.A.

1982-09-01

A new evaluation of neutron induced cross-sections on 209 Bi has been completed within the full energy range 10 - 5 eV - 20 MeV and put under ENDF format. A careful study of the resonance region led to a consistent set of resonance parameters. On this basis, the tabulated cross-sections (total, elastic, capture) have been calculated using the Reich-Moore formalism. At higher energies a consistent set of optical model parameters has been obtained by fitting mainly the total cross-section between 0.7 and 150 MeV and elastic scattering angular distributions from 4 to 24 MeV. The so obtained neutron penetrabilities have been used for Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations which have been completed with pre-equilibrium and direct interaction components to get elastic and inelastic cross sections, angular distributions, secondary neutron spectra and gamma production. All the results are generally in good agreement with the available experimental data [fr

Stopping power of liquid water for carbon ions in the energy range between 1 MeV and 6 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rahm, J M; Baek, W Y; Rabus, H; Hofsäss, H

2014-01-01

The stopping power of liquid water was measured for the first time for carbon ions in the energy range between 1 and 6 MeV using the inverted Doppler shift attenuation method. The feasibility study carried out within the scope of the present work shows that this method is well suited for the quantification of the controversial condensed phased effect in the stopping power for heavy ions in the intermediate energy range. The preliminary results of this work indicate that the stopping power of water for carbon ions with energies prevailing in the Bragg-peak region is significantly lower than that of water vapor. In view of the relatively high uncertainty of the present results, a new experiment with uncertainties less than the predicted difference between the stopping powers of both water phases is planned. (paper)

Experimental study of high-energy resolution lead/scintillating fiber calorimetry in the 600-1200 MeV energy region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bellini, V.; Bianco, S.; Capogni, M.; Casano, L.; D'Angelo, A.; Fabbri, F.L.; Ghio, F.; Giardoni, M.; Girolami, B.; Hu, L.; Levi Sandri, P.; Moricciani, D.; Nobili, G.; Passamonti, L.; Russo, V.; Sarwar, S.; Schaerf, C.

1997-01-01

An experimental investigation has been carried out on the properties of electromagnetic shower detectors, composed of a uniform array of plastic scintillating fibers and lead (50:35 by volume ratio) for photons in the energy range 600-1200 MeV. When the photon's incidence angle to the fiber axis is within ±2 circle an energy resolution of σ E /E(%)=5.12/√(E[GeV])+1.71 has been observed. (orig.)

Pioneering Russian wind tunnels and first experimental investigations, 1871-1915

Science.gov (United States)

Gorbushin, A. R.

2017-11-01

A review of foreign and Russian sources is given mentioning the pioneering wind tunnels built in Russia at the turn of 19th and 20th centuries. The first wind tunnel in Russia was constructed by V.A. Pashkevich at the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy in St. Petersburg in 1871. In total from 1871 through 1915, 18 wind tunnels were constructed in Russia: 11 in Moscow, 5 in St. Petersburg and 2 in Kaluga. An overview of the pioneering Russian wind tunnels built by V.A. Pashkevich, K.E. Tsiolkovsky, prof. N.E. Zhukovsky, D.P. Ryabushinsky and prof. K.P. Boklevsky is given. Schemes, photographs, formulas, description of the research and test results taken from the original papers published by the wind tunnel designers are given. Photographs from the N.E. Zhukovsky Scientific and Memorial Museum and the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences are used in the article. Methods of flow visualization and results of their application are presented. The Russian scientists and researchers' contribution to the development of techniques and methods of aerodynamic experiment is shown, including one of the most important aspects - the wall interference problem.

Empirical formulae for mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficients from 1 keV to 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manjunatha, H.C.; Sowmya, N.; Seenappa, L.; Sridhar, K.N.; Hanumantharayappa, C.

2017-01-01

Mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficients represents attenuation and absorption of X-rays and gamma rays in the material medium. A new empirical formula is proposed for mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficients in the region 1 < Z < 92 and from 1 keV to 20 MeV. The mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficients do not varies linearly with energy. We have performed the nonlinear regressions/nonlinear least square fittings and proposed the simple empirical relations between mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) and mass energy absorption coefficients (μ en /ρ) and energy. We have compared the values produced by this formula with that of experiments. A good agreement of present formula with the experiments/previous models suggests that the present formulae could be used to evaluate mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficients in the region 1 < Z < 92. This formula is a model-independent formula and is the first of its kind that produces a mass attenuation and energy absorption coefficient values with the only simple input of energy for wide energy range 1 keV - 20 MeV in the atomic number region 1 < Z < 92. This formula is very much useful in the fields of radiation physics and dosimetry

A P + DEUTERON PROTON POLARIMETER AT 200 MEV.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

HUANG,H.; ROSER,T.; ZELENSKI,A.; KURITA,K.; STEPHENSON,E.; TOOLE,R.

2002-06-02

There has been concern about the analyzing power of the p-Carbon polarimeter at the end of 200 MeV LINAC of BNL. A new polarimeter based on proton-deuteron scattering was installed and we have repeated the calibration of proton-Carbon scattering at 12 degrees and 200 MeV against proton-deuteron scattering. The result is consistent with the value of A=0.62 now used to measure the beam polarization at the end of the LINAC.

Earl Sutherland (1915-1974) [corrected] and the discovery of cyclic AMP.

Science.gov (United States)

Blumenthal, Stanley A

2012-01-01

In 1945, Earl Sutherland (1915-1974) [corrected] and associates began studies of the mechanism of hormone-induced glycogen breakdown in the liver. In 1956, their efforts culminated in the identification of cyclic AMP, an ancient molecule generated in many cell types in response to hormonal and other extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP, the original "second messenger," transmits such signals through pathways that regulate a diversity of cellular functions and capabilities: metabolic processes such as lipolysis and glycogenolysis; hormone secretion; the permeability of ion channels; gene expression; cell proliferation and survival. Indeed, it can be argued that the discovery of cyclic AMP initiated the study of intracellular signaling pathways, a major focus of contemporary biomedical inquiry. This review presents relevant details of Sutherland's career; summarizes key contributions of his mentors, Carl and Gerti Cori, to the knowledge of glycogen metabolism (contributions that were the foundation for his own research); describes the experiments that led to his identification, isolation, and characterization of cyclic AMP; assesses the significance of his work; and considers some aspects of the impact of cyclic nucleotide research on clinical medicine.

Cross section ratio and angular distributions of the reaction p + d → {sup 3}He + η at 48.8 MeV and 59.8 MeV excess energy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adlarson, P.; Calen, H.; Fransson, K.; Gullstroem, C.O.; Heijkenskjoeld, L.; Hoeistad, B.; Johansson, T.; Marciniewski, P.; Redmer, C.F.; Wolke, M.; Zlomanczuk, J. [Uppsala University, Division of Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Box 516, Uppsala (Sweden); Augustyniak, W.; Marianski, B.; Morsch, H.P.; Trzcinski, A.; Zupranski, P. [National Centre for Nuclear Research, Department of Nuclear Physics, Warsaw (Poland); Bardan, W.; Ciepal, I.; Czerwinski, E.; Hodana, M.; Jany, A.; Jany, B.R.; Jarczyk, L.; Kamys, B.; Kistryn, S.; Krzemien, W.; Magiera, A.; Moskal, P.; Ozerianska, I.; Podkopal, P.; Rudy, Z.; Skurzok, M.; Smyrski, J.; Wronska, A.; Zielinski, M.J. [Jagiellonian University, Institute of Physics, Krakow (Poland); Bashkanov, M.; Clement, H.; Doroshkevich, E.; Perez del Rio, E.; Pricking, A.; Skorodko, T.; Wagner, G.J. [Eberhard-Karls-Universitaet Tuebingen, Physikalisches Institut, Tuebingen (Germany); Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Tuebingen, Kepler Center fuer Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Tuebingen (Germany); Bergmann, F.S.; Demmich, K.; Goslawski, P.; Huesken, N.; Khoukaz, A.; Passfeld, A.; Taeschner, A. [Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Muenster (Germany); Berlowski, M.; Stepaniak, J. [National Centre for Nuclear Research, High Energy Physics Department, Warsaw (Poland); Bhatt, H.; Lalwani, K.; Varma, R. [Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Department of Physics, Mumbai, Maharashtra (India); Buescher, M.; Engels, R.; Goldenbaum, F.; Hejny, V.; Khan, F.A.; Lersch, D.; Lorentz, B.; Maier, R.; Ohm, H.; Prasuhn, D.; Schadmand, S.; Sefzick, T.; Stassen, R.; Sterzenbach, G.; Stockhorst, H.; Stroeher, H.; Wurm, P.; Zurek, M. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); Coderre, D.; Ritman, J. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Institut fuer Experimentalphysik I, Bochum (Germany); Erven, A.; Erven, W.; Kemmerling, G.; Kleines, H.; Wuestner, P. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Zentralinstitut fuer Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik, Juelich (Germany); Eyrich, W.; Hauenstein, F.; Krapp, M.; Zink, A. [Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Physikalisches Institut, Erlangen (Germany); Fedorets, P. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow (Russian Federation); Foehl, K. [Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Giessen (Germany); Goswami, A. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Department of Physics, Indore, Madhya Pradesh (India); Grigoryev, K. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (Germany); RWTH Aachen, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Physikzentrum, Aachen (Germany); Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, High Energy Physics Division, Leningrad district (Russian Federation); Kirillov, D.A.; Piskunov, N.M. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energiy Physics, Moscow region (Russian Federation); Klos, B.; Stephan, E.; Weglorz, W. [University of Silesia, August Chelkowski Institute of Physics, Katowice (Poland); Kulessa, P.; Pysz, K.; Siudak, R.; Szczurek, A. [Polish Academy of Sciences, The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow (Poland); Kupsc, A.; Pszczel, D. [Uppsala University, Division of Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Box 516, Uppsala (Sweden); National Centre for Nuclear Research, High Energy Physics Department, Warsaw (Poland); Mikirtychiants, M. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (Germany); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (DE); Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Institut fuer Experimentalphysik I, Bochum (DE); Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, High Energy Physics Division, Leningrad district (RU); Pyszniak, A. [Uppsala University, Division of Nuclear Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Box 516, Uppsala (SE); Jagiellonian University, Institute of Physics, Krakow (PL); Roy, A. [Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Department of Physics, Indore, Madhya Pradesh (IN); Sawant, S. [Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Department of Physics, Mumbai, Maharashtra (IN); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (DE); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (DE); Serdyuk, V. [Forschungszentrum Juelich, Institut fuer Kernphysik, Juelich (DE); Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich Center for Hadron Physics, Juelich (DE); Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Moscow region (RU); Sopov, V. [State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow (RU); Yamamoto, A. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki (JP); Yurev, L. [Joint Institute for Nuclear Physics, Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems, Moscow region (RU); Zabierowski, J. [National Centre for Nuclear Research, Department of Cosmic Ray Physics, Lodz (PL); Collaboration: WASA-at-COSY Collaboration

2014-06-15

We present new data for angular distributions and on the cross section ratio of the p+d → {sup 3}He + η reaction at excess energies of Q = 48.8 MeV and Q = 59.8 MeV. The data have been obtained at the WASA-at-COSY experiment (Forschungszentrum Juelich) using a proton beam and a deuterium pellet target. While the shape of obtained angular distributions show only a slow variation with the energy, the new results indicate a distinct and unexpected total cross section fluctuation between Q = 20 MeV and Q = 60 MeV, which might indicate the variation of the production mechanism within this energy interval. (orig.)

Application of calorimeters for 5 MeV EB and bremsstrahlung dosimetry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sato, T.; Takahashi, T.; Saito, T.

1993-01-01

Graphite and water calorimeters, which were developed for use a 10 MeV electron beams (EB) at Riso National Laboratory, were used for process validation and routine dosimeter calibration at a 5 MeV EB. Water calorimeters were used for reference measurements for 5 MeV EB, the response was found...... to be directly proportional to the beam current and the variation among three water calorimeters was less than +/- 2 % in the range of 10 to 40 kGy. CTA, PMMA, RCD dosimeters were calibrated by irradiating the dosimeters and water calorimeters Simultaneously. The water calorimeter was proved to be an useful tool...... at 5 MeV EB. Graphite calorimeters gave reproducible readings within 3.3 % relative errors (95 % confidence level) for X-ray measurement....

Application of calorimeters for 5 MeV EB and bremsstrahlung dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, Toshio; Takahashi, Toru; Saito, Toshio; Takehisa, Masaaki; Miller, A.

1993-01-01

Graphite and water calorimeters, which were developed for use with 10 MeV electron beams (EB) at Riso National Laboratory, were used for process validation and routine dosimeter calibration at a 5 MeV EB. Water calorimeters were used for reference measurements for 5 MeV EB, the response was found to be directly proportional to the beam current and the variation among three water calorimeters was less than ± 2% in the range of 10 to 40 kGy. CTA PMMA RCD dosimeters were calibrated by irradiating the dosimeters and water calorimeters simultaneously. The water calorimeter was proved to be an useful tool at 5 MeV EB. Graphite calorimeters gave reproducible readings within 3.3 % relative errors (95% confidence level) for X-ray measurement. (Author)

Monte Carlo 20 and 45 MeV Bremsstrahlung and dose-reduction calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goosman, D.R.

1984-08-14

The SANDYL electron-photon coupled Monte Carlo code has been compared with previously published experimental bremsstrahlung data at 20.9 MeV electron energy. The code was then used to calculate forward-directed spectra, angular distributions and dose-reduction factors for three practical configurations. These are: 20 MeV electrons incident on 1 mm of W + 59 mm of Be, 45 MeV electrons of 1 mm of W and 45 MeV electrons on 1 mm of W + 147 mm of Be. The application of these results to flash radiography is discussed. 7 references, 12 figures, 1 table.

Monte Carlo 20 and 45 MeV Bremsstrahlung and dose-reduction calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goosman, D.R.

1984-01-01

The SANDYL electron-photon coupled Monte Carlo code has been compared with previously published experimental bremsstrahlung data at 20.9 MeV electron energy. The code was then used to calculate forward-directed spectra, angular distributions and dose-reduction factors for three practical configurations. These are: 20 MeV electrons incident on 1 mm of W + 59 mm of Be, 45 MeV electrons of 1 mm of W and 45 MeV electrons on 1 mm of W + 147 mm of Be. The application of these results to flash radiography is discussed. 7 references, 12 figures, 1 table

ANC of 6.92 MeV (2"+) and 7.12 MeV (1"-) states from sub-Coulomb "1"2C("6Li,d) data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mondal, Ashok; Basu, C.; Adhikari, S.

2016-01-01

The determination of the astrophysical S-factor of the "1"2C(α,γ) reaction at 300 keV requires a R-matrix extrapolation. This is because a direct measurement of this reaction at 300 keV is almost impossible due to the very small cross-section. The R-matrix extrapolation requires as input the asymptotic normalization constant (ANC) of mainly two "1"6O states states viz. 6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV on which the fit is most sensitive. The ANC of these two states have been determined from indirect measurements, mainly from "1"2C("6Li,d) and "1"2C("7Li,t) alpha transfer reactions. Most of these measurements are done at above barrier energies as cross-sections are larger. In this work, we determine the ANC of the 6.92 MeV and 7.12 MeV states of "1"6O using the "1"2C("6Li,d) data of Heikkinen et al measured at 4.5 to 5.0 MeV incident energies. The data spans over a larger angular span in comparison to Avila though the former data do not cover the very backward angles as in the Avila data. As the Heikkinen data has never been analyzed to extract the ANC we report the results of our analysis of the data

Neutron-induced fission of uranium isotopes up to 100 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lestone, J.P.; Gavron, A.

1994-01-01

The statistical-model description of the neutron-induced fission of U isotopes has been developed using densities of intrinsic states and spin cutoff parameters obtained directly from appropriate Nilsson model single-particle levels. The first-chance fission cross sections are reproduced well when the rotational contributions to the nuclear level densities are taken into account. In order to fit the U(n,f) cross sections above the threshold of second-chance fission, we must: (1) assume that the triaxial level-density enhancement is washed out at an excitation energy of approximately 7 MeV above the triaxial barriers with a width of approximately 1 MeV, implying a γ deformation for the first barriers where 10<γ<20 degree, and (2) include preequilibrium particle emission in the calculations. Above an incoming-neutron kinetic energy of approximately 17 MeV, our statistical model U(n,f) of cross sections increasingly overestimates the experimental data. This is not surprising since, at these high energies, little data exist on the scattering of neutrons to help guide the choice of optical-model parameters. A satisfactory reproduction of all of the available U(n,f) cross sections above 17 MeV is obtained by scaling our calculated compound-nucleus formation cross sections. This scaling factor falls from 1.0 at 17 MeV to 0.82 at 100 MeV

Measurement of (n,Xn) reaction cross sections at 96 MeV; Measure des sections efficaces (n,Xn) a 96 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sagrado Garcia, Melle Inmaculada C. [Ecole Doctorale: SINEM, U.F.R. de Sciences, Universite de Caen/Basse-Normandie, Esplanade Paix14000 Caen (France)

2006-10-15

Nucleon induced reactions in the 20-200 MeV energy range are intensively studied since a long time. The evaporation and the pre-equilibrium processes correspond to an important contribution of the production cross section in these reactions. Several theoretical approaches have been proposed and their predictions must be tested. The experimental results shown in this work are the only complete set of data for the (n,Xn) reactions in this energy range. Neutron double differential cross section measurements using lead and iron targets for an incident neutron beam at 96 MeV were carried out at TSL Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden. The measurements have been performed for the first time with an energy threshold of 2 MeV and for a wide angular range (15 angle - 98 angle). Neutrons have been detected using two independent setups, DECOI and DEMON and CLODIA and SCANDAL, in order to cover the whole energy range (2-100) MeV. The angular distributions, the differential cross sections and the total inelastic production cross sections have been calculated using the double differential cross sections. The comparison between the experimental data and the predictions given by two of the most popular simulation codes, GEANT3 and MCNPX, have been performed, as well as the comparison with the predictions of the microscopic simulation model DYWAN, selected for its treatment of nucleon-nucleon reactions. (author)

The Efficiency of the BC-720 Scintillator in a High-Energy (20--800 MeV) Accelerator Neutron Field

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miles, Leslie H. [Univ. of Missouri, Columbia, MO (United States)

2005-12-01

High-energy neutron doses (>20 MeV) are of little importance to most radiation workers. However, space and flight crews, and people working around medical and scientific accelerators receive over half of their radiation dose from high-energy neutrons. Unfortunately, neutrons are difficult to measure, and no suitable dosimetry has yet been developed to measure this radiation. In this paper, basic high-energy neutron interactions, characteristics of high-energy neutron environments, present neutron dosimetry, and quantities used in neutron dosimetry are discussed before looking into the potential of the BC-720 scintillator to improve dosimetry. This research utilized 800 MeV protons impinging upon the WNR Facility spallation neutron source at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Time-of-flight methods and a U-238 Fission Chamber were used to aid evaluation of the efficiency of the BC-720. Results showed that the efficiency is finite over the 20–650 MeV energy region studied, although it decreases by a factor of ten between 40 and 100 MeV. This limits the use of this dosimeter to measure doses at sitespecific locations. It also encourages modifications to use this dosimeter for any unknown neutron field. As such, this dosimeter has the potential for a small, lightweight, real-time dose measurement, which could impact neutron dosimetry in all high-energy neutron environments.

Heliospheric MeV energization due to resonant interaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roth, Ilan

2001-01-01

The prompt enhancement of relativistic electron flux during active geomagnetic periods, and the impulsive increase in the flux of the heliospheric energetic heavy ions during active solar periods are of major importance with respect to the proper operation of electronics on space-borne spacecraft and the safety of interplanetary human travel, respectively. Both enhancements may be caused by resonant wave-particle interaction with oblique electromagnetic waves on the terrestrial and coronal field lines. Whistler waves, which are enhanced significantly during substorms and which propagate obliquely to the magnetic field, can interact with energetic electrons through Landau, cyclotron, and higher harmonic resonant interactions when the Doppler-shifted wave frequency equals any (positive or negative) integer multiple of the local relativistic gyrofrequency. This interaction occurs over a broad spatial region when a relativistic electron is bouncing in the terrestrial magnetic field. Coronal ions interact selectively with electromagnetic ion-cyclotron (emic) waves which are correlated with impulsive flares. This interaction occurs over a small spatial region when the Doppler-shifted frequency matches the first or higher harmonic of the ion gyrofrequency. Recent new observations of terrestrial MeV X-rays are interpreted as a resonant loss of the radiation belt electrons

Microbeam line of MeV heavy ions for materials modification and in-situ analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horino, Yuji; Chayahara, Akiyoshi; Kiuchi, Masato; Fujii, Kanenaga; Satoh, Mamoru; Takai, Mikio.

1990-01-01

A microbeam line for MeV heavy ions of almost any element has been developed for microion-beam processing such as maskless MeV ion implantation and its in-situ analysis. Beam spot sizes of 4.0 μm x 4.0 μm for 3 MeV C 2+ and 9.6 μm x 4.8 μm for 1.8 MeV Au 2+ beams were obtained. Maskless MeV gold ion implantation to a silicon substrate and in-situ microanalysis before and after ion implantation were demonstrated. (author)

Dipole response of 76Se above 4 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Goddard, P. M.; Cooper, N.; Werner, V.; Rusev, G.; Stevenson, P. D.; Rios, A.; Bernards, C.; Chakraborty, A.; Crider, B. P.; Glorius, J.; Ilieva, R. S.; Kelley, J. H.; Kwan, E.; Peters, E. E.; Pietralla, N.; Raut, R.; Romig, C.; Savran, D.; Schnorrenberger, L.; Smith, M. K.; Sonnabend, K.; Tonchev, A. P.; Tornow, W.; Yates, S. W.

2013-12-01

The dipole response of 3476Se in the energy range from 4 to 9 MeV has been analyzed using a (γ⃗,γ') polarized photon scattering technique, performed at the High Intensity γ-Ray Source facility at Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, to complement previous work performed using unpolarized photons. The results of this work offer both an enhanced sensitivity scan of the dipole response and an unambiguous determination of the parities of the observed J=1 states. The dipole response is found to be dominated by E1 excitations, and can reasonably be attributed to a pygmy dipole resonance. Evidence is presented to suggest that a significant amount of directly unobserved excitation strength is present in the region, due to unobserved branching transitions in the decays of resonantly excited states. The dipole response of the region is underestimated when considering only ground state decay branches. We investigate the electric dipole response theoretically, performing calculations in a three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian-basis time-dependent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock framework.

Polarization of /sup 12/B in deep-inelastic heavy-ion reaction /sup 100/Mo(/sup 14/N,/sup 12/B). [Q value, 200 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahashi, N; Miake, Y; Nojiri, Y; Minamisono, T; Mizobuchi, A; Sugimoto, K [Osaka Univ., Toyonaka (Japan). Lab. of Nuclear Studies; Ishihara, M [Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama (Japan)

1978-10-09

Spin polarization of /sup 12/B was measured for /sup 100/Mo(/sup 14/N,/sup 12/B) at Esub(i)(/sup 14/N) approximately 200 MeV as a function of Q value down to Q approximately - 150 MeV, and was found anti-parallel to ksub(f)xksub(i) in the deep-inelastic region. The data together with those at lower incident energies show a systematic trend in Q-value dependence of the polarization.

Neutron-induced fission cross sections of uraniums up to 40 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maslov, V.M. [Radiation Physics and Chemistry Problems Inst., Minsk-Sosny (Belarus); Hasegawa, A.

1998-11-01

Statistical theory of nuclear reactions, well-proved below 20 MeV, is applied for {sup 235}U and {sup 238}U fission data analysis up to {approx}40 MeV. It is shown that measured data could be reproduced. Chance structure of measured fission cross section is provided, it`s validity is supported by description of data for competing (n,xn)-reactions. Role of fissility of target nucleus is addressed. It seems that gap in incident neutron energy interval of 20 MeV - 50 MeV, below which evaluation approaches are well-developed, and above which simplified statistical approaches are valid, could be covered. (author)

Gamma-ray astronomy in the medium energy (10-50 MeV) range

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kniffen, D.A.; Bertsch, D.L.; Palmeira, R.A.R.; Rao, K.R.

1977-01-01

Gamma-ray astronomy in the medium energy (10-50 MeV) range can provide unique information with which to study many astrophysical problems. Observations in the 10-50 MeV range provide the cleanest window with which to view the isotropic diffuse component of the radiation and to study the possible cosmological implications of the spectrum. For the study of compact sources, this is the important region between the X-ray sky and the vastly different γ-ray sky seen by SAS-2 and COS-B. To understand the implications of medium energy γ-ray astronomy to the study of the galactic diffuse γ-radiation, the model developed to explain the high energy γ-ray observations of SAS-2 is extended to the medium energy range. This work illustrates the importance of medium energy γ-ray astronomy for studying the electromagnetic component of the galactic cosmic rays. To observe the medium energy component of the intense galactic center γ-ray emission, two balloon flights of a medium energy γ-ray spark chamber telescope were flown in Brazil in 1975. These results indicate the emission is higher than previously thought and above the predictions of the theoretical model

Genome sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus outside the 3A region is also responsible for virus replication in bovine cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Xueqing; Li, Pinghua; Sun, Pu; Lu, Zengjun; Bao, Huifang; Bai, Xingwen; Fu, Yuanfang; Cao, Yimei; Li, Dong; Chen, Yingli; Qiao, Zilin; Liu, Zaixin

2016-07-15

The deletion of residues 93-102 in non-structure protein 3A of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is associated with the inability of FMDV to grow in bovine cells and attenuated virulence in cattle.Whereas, a previously reported FMDV strain O/HKN/21/70 harboring 93-102 deletion in 3A protein grew equally well in bovine and swine cells. This suggests that changes inFMDV genome sequence, in addition to 93-102 deletion in 3A, may also affectthe viral growth phenotype in bovine cellsduring infection and replication.However, it is nuclear that changes in which region (inside or outside of 3A region) influences FMDV growth phenotype in bovine cells.In this study, to determine the region in FMDV genomeaffecting viral growth phenotype in bovine cells, we constructed chimeric FMDVs, rvGZSB-HKN3A and rvHN-HKN3A, by introducing the 3A coding region of O/HKN/21/70 into the context of O/SEA/Mya-98 strain O/GZSB/2011 and O Cathay topotype strain O/HN/CHA/93, respectively, since O/GZSB/2011 containing full-length 3A protein replicated well in bovine and swine cells, and O/HN/CHA/93 harboring 93-102 deletion in 3A protein grew poorly in bovine cells.The chimeric virusesrvGZSB-HKN3A and rvHN-HKN3A displayed growth properties and plaque phenotypes similar to those of the parental virus rvGZSB and rv-HN in BHK-21 and primary fetal porcine kidney (FPK) cells. However, rvHN-HKN3A and rv-HN replicated poorly in primary fetal bovine kidney (FBK) cells with no visible plaques, and rvGZSB-HKN3A exhibited lower growth rate and smaller plaque size phenotypes than those of the parental virus in FBK cells, but similar growth properties and plaque phenotypes to those of the recombinant viruses harboring 93-102 deletion in 3A. These results demonstrate that the difference present in FMDV genome sequence outside the 3A coding region also have influence on FMDV replication ability in bovine cells. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Upper limit on the inner radiation belt MeV electron intensity

Science.gov (United States)

Li, X; Selesnick, RS; Baker, DN; Jaynes, AN; Kanekal, SG; Schiller, Q; Blum, L; Fennell, J; Blake, JB

2015-01-01

No instruments in the inner radiation belt are immune from the unforgiving penetration of the highly energetic protons (tens of MeV to GeV). The inner belt proton flux level, however, is relatively stable; thus, for any given instrument, the proton contamination often leads to a certain background noise. Measurements from the Relativistic Electron and Proton Telescope integrated little experiment on board Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment CubeSat, in a low Earth orbit, clearly demonstrate that there exist sub-MeV electrons in the inner belt because their flux level is orders of magnitude higher than the background, while higher-energy electron (>1.6 MeV) measurements cannot be distinguished from the background. Detailed analysis of high-quality measurements from the Relativistic Electron and Proton Telescope on board Van Allen Probes, in a geo-transfer-like orbit, provides, for the first time, quantified upper limits on MeV electron fluxes in various energy ranges in the inner belt. These upper limits are rather different from flux levels in the AE8 and AE9 models, which were developed based on older data sources. For 1.7, 2.5, and 3.3 MeV electrons, the upper limits are about 1 order of magnitude lower than predicted model fluxes. The implication of this difference is profound in that unless there are extreme solar wind conditions, which have not happened yet since the launch of Van Allen Probes, significant enhancements of MeV electrons do not occur in the inner belt even though such enhancements are commonly seen in the outer belt. Key Points Quantified upper limit of MeV electrons in the inner belt Actual MeV electron intensity likely much lower than the upper limit More detailed understanding of relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere PMID:26167446

Neutron induced fission of U isotopes up to 100 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lestone, J.P.; Gavron, A.

1993-01-01

We have developed a statistical model description of the neutron induced fission of U isotopes using densities of intrinsic states and spin cut off parameters obtained directly from appropriate Nilsson model single particle levels. The first chance fission cross sections are well reproduced when the rotational contributions to the nuclear level densities are taken into account. In order to fit the U(n,f) cross sections above the threshold of second chance fission, we need to: (1) assume that the triaxial level density enhancement is washed out at an excitation energy of ∼7 MeV above the triaxial barriers with a width of ∼1 MeV, implying a γ deformation for the first barriers of 10 degree < γ < 20 degree; and (2) include pre-equilibrium particle emission in the calculations. Above an incoming neutron kinetic energy of ∼17 MeV our statistical model U(n,f) cross sections increasingly overestimate the experimental data when so called ''good'' optical model potentials are used to calculate the compound nucleus formation cross sections. This is not surprising since at these high energies little data exists on the scattering of neutrons to help guide the choice of optical model parameters. A satisfactory reproduction of all the available U(n,f) cross sections above 17 MeV is obtained by a simple scaling of our calculated compound nucleus formation cross sections. This scaling factor falls from 1.0 at 17 MeV to 0.82 at 100 MeV

γ rays of 0.3-30 MeV from PSR0833 - 45

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tuemer, O.T.; Long, J.; O'Neill, T.; Zych, A.; White, R.S.

1984-01-01

Pulsed γ rays from the Vela pulsar PSR0833-45 are reported for the first time at the medium energies, E, of 0.3-30 MeV. They were observed with the double scatter γ-ray telescope 31 days after a large glitch in the pulsar period. The first and second pulses were detected from single scatters in the top scintillators, S1, at energies > 0.3 MeV, and by double scatters from all detector cell pairs at energies of 1-30 MeV. The phase separation of the two pulses is 0.43 +- 0.02 at the same absolute phases previously found by SAS 2 and COS B for E > 35 MeV. The energy distribution with six points from 0.3 to 30 MeV appears to bend away from the COS B power law at the lower energies and is well below the HEAO 1 upper limits. (author)

Measurement of the average number of prompt neutrons emitted per fission of 235U relative to 252Cf for the energy region 500 eV to 10 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gwin, R.; Spencer, R.R.; Ingle, R.W.; Todd, J.H.; Weaver, H.

1980-01-01

The average number of prompt neutrons emitted per fission ν/sub p/-bar(E), was measured for 235 U relative to ν/sub p/-bar for the spontaneous fission of 252 Cf over the neutron energy range from 500 eV to 10 MeV. The samples of 235 U and 252 Cf were contained in fission chambers located in the center of a large liquid scintillator. Fission neutrons were detected by the large liquid scintillator. The present values of ν/sub p/-bar(E) for 235 U are about 0.8% larger than those measured by Boldeman. In earlier work with the present system, it was noted that Boldeman's value of ν/sub p/-bar(E) for thermal energy neutrons was about 0.8% lower than obtained at ORELA. It is suggested that the thickness of the fission foil used in Boldeman's experiment may cause some of the discrepancy between his and the present values of ν/sub p/-bar(E). For the energy region up to 700 keV, the present values of ν/sub p/-bar(E) for 235 U agree, within the uncertainty, with those given in ENDF/B-V. Above 1 MeV the present results for ν/sub p/-bar(E) range about the ENDF/B-V values with differences up to 1.3%. 6 figures, 1 table

Search for an elusive 4.4-MeV α emitter in uranium minerals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dougan, R.J.; Illige, J.D.; Hulet, E.K.

1979-12-01

A search for an unidentified 4.4-MeV α-emitter in Belgian Congo pitchblende and uranium raffinates is described, and a history of observations of 4.4-MeV activity over the last 55 years in radiogenic haloes, zinc ores, monazite, thorite, huttonite, ultrabasic and other abyssal rocks, osmiridium, uranium ores, and raffinates of uranium is given. No evidence of excess 4.4-MeV activity was shown in any of the chemically separated fractions investigated. Upper limits for 4.4-MeV α activity in each of four studied samples are given

Beam dynamics design of the 211 MeV APT normal conducting linac

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Young, L.M.; Billen, J.H.; Takeda, H.; Wood, R.L.

1998-01-01

This paper describes the normal conducting linac design that is part of the Accelerator for Production of Tritium (APT) project. The new version of PARMILA designed this linac. This linac accepts the beam from the 6.7 MeV radio frequency quadrupole without a separate matching section. At about 10 MeV, it has a smooth transition in the length of period from 8βλ to 9βλ in quadrupole focusing lattice. This adjustment of the period was needed to provide sufficient space for the quadrupole focusing magnets and beam diagnostic equipment. The linac consists of the coupled cavity drift tube linac up to 97 MeV and coupled cavity linac above 97 MeV

Determination of the light response of BC-404 plastic scintillator for protons and deuterons with energies between 1 and 11 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saraf, S.K.; Brient, C.E.; Egun, P.M.; Grimes, S.M.; Mishra, V.; Pedroni, R.S.

1988-05-10

The response of BC-404 plastic scintillator is measured up to 11 MeV for protons and up to 8 MeV for deuterons using a time-of-flight spectrometer. It is shown that the response is nonlinear in this energy range and can be described very well using a four-term polynomial in energy. Earlier response curves which were extrapolated from high energy data and from interpolation of low energy data at widely separated energies are nearly linear in the low energy region. A comparison has been made between our new measured data and the existing curves.

Thermoluminescence response of Ge-, Al- and Nd- doped optical fibers by 6 MeV - electron and 6 MeV - photon irradiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hossain, I.; Moburak, A. A.; Saeed, M.A.; Wagiran, H.; Hida, N.; Yaakob, H.N.

2015-01-01

In this paper, we report the prediction of thermoluminescence responses of Neodymium-doped SiO 2 optical fibre with various dose ranges from 0.5 Gy to 4.0 Gy by 6 MeV - electron irradiations without requirement for experimental measurements. A technique has been developed to calculate prediction of 6 MeV - electron response of Neodymium-doped SiO 2 optical fibre by observing the measured TL response of 6 MV - photon and the ratio of known measured photon/electron yield ratio distribution for Ge-doped, Al-doped optical fibre and standard TLD 100 dosimeter. The samples were kept in gelatin capsule an irradiated with 6 MV - photon at the dose range from 0.5 Gy to 4.0 Gy. Siemens model Primus 3368 linear accelerator located at Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru has been used to deliver the photon beam to the samples. We found the average response ratio of 6 MV - photon and 6 MeV - electron in Ge-doped, Al-doped optical fibre and standard TLD-100 dosimeter are 0.83(3). Observing the measured value of 6 MV - photon irradiation this average ratio is useful to find the prediction of thermoluminescence responses by 6 MeV - electron irradiation of Neodymium-doped SiO 2 optical fibre by the requirement for experimental measurements with various dose ranges from 0.5 Gy to 4.0 Gy by 6 MV - photon irradiations.

Measurement of the angular distribution of 14 MeV neutrons scattered inelastically from the 0+ level at 7.65 MeV to {sup 12}C (1964); Mesure de la distribution angulaire a 14 MeV de neutrons de diffusion inelastique sur le niveau 0+ de 7,65 MeV du {sup 12}C (1964)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szabo, I [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-11-15

Inelastic scattering of 14 MeV neutrons from {sup 12}C and angular distribution for the 0{sup +} (7,65 MeV) level, with a time-of-flight spectrometer (over-all resolution 1.4 ns), gives strong forward maximum {sigma}({theta} 15 deg.) {approx_equal} 8 mb/sr suggesting a direct-interaction process. (author) [French] Realisation d'un spectrometre de neutrons rapides a temps-de-vol de resolution totale 1,4 ns. Application: {sup 12}C (n,n') {sup 12}C (7,65 MeV) donnant {sigma}{sub t} {approx_equal} 20 mb, une forte emission vers l'avant {sigma}({theta} 15 deg.) {approx_equal} 8 mb/sr indiquont un processus d'interaction directe. (auteur)

Parity assignments in 140Ce up to 7 MeV using Compton polarimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buessing, M. A.; Elvers, M.; Endres, J.; Hasper, J.; Zilges, A.; Fritzsche, M.; Lindenberg, K.; Mueller, S.; Savran, D.; Sonnabend, K.

2008-01-01

Parity quantum numbers of J=1 states up to 7 MeV in the region of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance in 140 Ce were determined model independently by combining the methods of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence and Compton polarimetry. For the first time the well-established method of Compton polarimetry was applied at such high energies. The experiment was performed using a fourfold segmented HPGe clover detector for the detection of the scattered photons. For all investigated dipole transitions asymmetries are found which correspond to negative parity of the excited states

Pion double charge exchange on 16O at Tπ=300--500 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beatty, D.P.; Burleson, G.R.; Rawool-Sullivan, M.; El-Ghossain, M.; Fortune, H.T.; Williams, A.L.; Smith, D.A.; Morris, C.L.; Garnett, R.; Watson, D.L.; Johnson, J.; Ward, H.; Whitley, C.; Matthews, S.K.; Palarczyk, M.; Edwards, C.; Espy, M.; Hashimoto, O.; Tomoyuki, H.

1993-01-01

Measurements of small-angle cross sections for the pion double-charge-exchange (DCX) reaction 16 O(π + ,π - ) 16 Ne (g.s.) at incident energies of 300--500 MeV are reported. These are the first measurements of DCX cross sections on a T=0 nucleus in this energy region. The behavior of the cross sections is similar to that of analog transitions, but they are smaller by more than an order of magnitude. This suggests sequential charge-exchange scattering as the dominant process, but suppressed by a mechanism not yet identified

Semimicroscopic analysis of 6Li+28Si elastic scattering at 76 to 318 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Hassanain, M. A.; Anwar, M.; Behairy, Kassem O.

2018-04-01

Using the α-cluster structure of colliding nuclei, the elastic scattering of 6Li+28Si at energies from 76 to 318 MeV has been investigated by the use of the real folding cluster approach. The results of the cluster analysis are compared with those obtained by the CDM3Y6 effective density- and energy-dependent nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction based upon G -matrix elements of the M3Y-Paris potential. A Woods-Saxon (WS) form was used for the imaginary potential. For all energies and derived potentials, the diffraction region was well reproduced, except at Elab=135 and 154 MeV at large angle. These results suggest that the addition of the surface (DWS) imaginary potential term to the volume imaginary potential is essential for a correct description of the refractive structure of the 6Li elastic scattering distribution at these energies. The energy dependence of the total reaction cross sections and that of the real and imaginary volume integrals is also discussed.

<600> MeV synchro-cyclotron

CERN Multimedia

CERN PhotoLab

1971-01-01

One of the 14 pancakes of the new magnet coils for the 600 MeV synchro-cyclotron which were wound and coated with epoxy resin on the CERN site. These new coils will replace the present ones which have been in use for more than 14 years but are now showing signs of deteriorations.

MeV fullerene impacts on mica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Doebeli, M.; Scandella, L. [Paul Scherrer Inst. (PSI), Villigen (Switzerland); Ames, F. [Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Zurich (Switzerland)

1997-09-01

Hillock heights on mica irradiated with MeV C{sub 60} ions have been investigated systematically. Results show that the small range of secondary particles along the track plays a crucial role in defect production. (author) figs., tab., refs.

Photon mass energy absorption coefficients from 0.4 MeV to 10 MeV for silicon, carbon, copper and sodium iodide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oz, H.; Gurler, O.; Gultekin, A.; Yalcin, S.; Gundogdu, O.

2006-01-01

The absorption coefficients have been widely used for problems and applications involving dose calculations. Direct measurements of the coefficients are difficult, and theoretical computations are usually employed. In this paper, analytical equations are presented for determining the mass energy absorption coefficients for gamma rays with an incident energy range between 0.4 MeV and 10 MeV in silicon, carbon, copper and sodium iodide. The mass energy absorption coefficients for gamma rays were calculated, and the results obtained were compared with the values reported in the literature.

Photon mass energy absorption coefficients from 0.4 MeV to 10 MeV for silicon, carbon, copper and sodium iodide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oz, H.; Gurler, O.; Gultekin, A. [Uludag University, Bursa (Turkmenistan); Yalcin, S. [Kastamonu University, Kastamonu (Turkmenistan); Gundogdu, O. [University of Surrey, Guildford (United Kingdom)

2006-07-15

The absorption coefficients have been widely used for problems and applications involving dose calculations. Direct measurements of the coefficients are difficult, and theoretical computations are usually employed. In this paper, analytical equations are presented for determining the mass energy absorption coefficients for gamma rays with an incident energy range between 0.4 MeV and 10 MeV in silicon, carbon, copper and sodium iodide. The mass energy absorption coefficients for gamma rays were calculated, and the results obtained were compared with the values reported in the literature.

Fusion with projectiles from carbon to argon at energies between 20A MeV and 60A MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galin, J.

1986-01-01

Fusion reactions are known to be the dominant reaction channel at low bombarding energies and can now be investigated with a large variety of projectiles at several tens of MeV per nucleon. The gross characteristics of the fusion process can be studied by measuring global quantities, such as the linear momentum transferred from projectile to target and the dissipated energy of the reaction. The strong correlation between these two quantities is demonstrated at moderate bombarding energies, with a Ne projectile on a U target. It is expected that light particle (charged or neutron) multiplicity measurements can be extended to this higher energy domain and be used to selectively filter these collisions, according to their degree of violence. A review of the linear momentum transfer is made, considering essentially heavy targets and two important parameters in the entrance channel: the projectile energy and its mass. Over a broad mass range, and for energies up to 30A MeV, the momentum transfer scales with the mass of the projectile. At 30A MeV, the most probable value of projectile momentum transferred to the fused system is 80%, and this represents roughly 180 MeV/c per projectile nucleon. At higher bombarding energies, the momentum distribution in the fused systems, as observed from binary fission events, seems to depend on the mass of the projectile. Further studies are still needed to understand this behavior. Finally, the decay of highly excited (E* similarly ordered 500-800 MeV) fused systems, with masses close to 270 amu, is studied from the characteristics of both fusion fragments and light charged particles. It is shown that thermal equilibrium is reached before fission, even for such high energy deposition. However, the decay sequence is sensitive to dynamical effects and does not depend only on available phase space

A 1MeV, 1A negative ion accelerator test facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hanada, M.; Dairaku, M.; Inoue, T.; Miyamoto, K.; Ohara, Y.; Okumura, Y.; Watanabe, K.; Yokoyama, K.

1995-01-01

For the Proof-of-Principle test of negative ion acceleration up to 1 MeV, the beam energy required for ITER, a negative ion test facility named MeV Test Facility (MTF) and an ion source/accelerator have been designed and constructed. They are designed to produce a 1 MeV H- beam at a low source pressure of 0.13Pa. The MTF has a power supply system, which constituts of a 1MV, 1A, 60 s Cockcroft-Walton type dc high energy generator and power supplies for negative ion generation and extraction (ion source power supplies). The negative ion source/accelerator is composed of a cesiated volume source and a 5-stage, multi-aperture, electrostatic accelerator. The MTF and the ion source/accelerator have been completed, and the accelertion test up to 1 MeV of the H- ions has started. (orig.)

The Works of Henry Moseley, 1887-1915

Science.gov (United States)

Scerri, Eric

2013-04-01

In 1913 Henry Moseley, an unknown young English physicist published an article in the Philosophical Magazine under the title of ``The High Frequency Spectra of the Elements.'' The 10-page article was to have far reaching implications in both chemistry and physics and helped to resolve a major conundrum in the periodic table of the elements. The talk will briefly examine the life and work of Moseley who died tragically while fighting in the trenches of World War I in 1915. The build-up to the discovery of atomic number took several different avenues including contributions from Rutherford and Barkla. However the more direct motivation for Moseley's work, as he readily acknowledged, were the articles of an unknown Dutch econometrician Anton Van den Broek who attempted to improve on Mendeleev's periodic table. Moseley began as a student of Rutherford at Manchester and took a keen interest in the development of research using X-rays following the work of Roentgen, von Laue and Bragg. Although Rutherford was at first reluctant to enter this new field he soon yielded to young Moseley's request and sent him to Leeds for brief training with Bragg. On returning to Manchester, Moseley devised an ingenious apparatus in which a set of metal samples could be rotated so as to become the target for a beam of electrons in order to measure the frequencies of the emitted K X-rays. The first set of such experiments used nine successive elements in the periodic table, from titanium to zinc. Moseley's now immense fame rests with the results of this study as well as a subsequent one which extended the study into a further 30 elements, in addition to the use that his method was put to by himself as well as subsequent chemists and physicists.

(p,t) reaction on /sup 12/C, /sup 54/Fe and /sup 208/Pb at 80 MeV. [80 MeV, angular distributions, zerio-range DWBA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shepard, J R; Anderson, R E; Kraushaar, J J; Ristinen, R A [Colorado Univ., Boulder (USA). Nuclear Physics Lab.; Comfort, J R [Pittsburgh Univ., PA (USA). Dept. of Physics; King, N S.P. [Los Alamos Scientific Lab., NM (USA); Bacher, A; Jacobs, W W [Indiana Univ., Bloomington (USA). Dept. of Physics

1979-06-11

Angular distributions have been measured for the low-lying levels of the residual nuclei for the /sup 12/C, /sup 54/Fe and /sup 208/Pb(p,t) reactions at E/sub p/ = 80 MeV. The shapes of these angular distributions are generally well reproduced by the zero-range distorted-wave Born approximation (DWBA). Enhancement factors extracted from the data show that the DWBA predicts relative strengths consistent with those observed at lower bombarding energies. However, the overall empirical DWBA normalization at E/sub p/ = 80 MeV is observed to be 1/12(1/4) of that required at 40 MeV for /sup 208/Pb(/sup 54/Fe).

Analyzing power for the 16O(p,n)16F (4-, 6.37 MeV) reaction at 134 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Madey, R.; Fazely, A.; Anderson, B.D.; Baldwin, A.R.; Kalenda, A.M.; McCarthy, R.J.; Tandy, P.C.; Watson, J.W.; Bertozzi, W.; Buti, T.; Finn, M.; Kovash, M.; Pugh, B.; Foster, C.C.

1982-01-01

We measured the analyzing power for the 16 O(p,n) 16 F (4 - , 6.37 MeV) reaction at 134.0 MeV and the differential cross section for the same reaction at 135.2 MeV. The shape of the cross section for the transition to this unnatural parity stretched state is described well by a distorted-wave impulse-approximation calculation using a (πd/sub 5/2/, νp/sub 3/2//sup ts-1/) 4 /sub -/ configuration and the effective interaction derived by Love and Franey from nucleon-nucleon phase shifts. The analyzing power from this calculation reproduces all of the qualitative features of the data and supports the use of the impulse approximation as an excellent starting point for describing the reaction mechanism. Quantitative agreement between the experimental and theoretical analyzing power can be improved by eliminating the imaginary tensor term of this interaction and taking the real part to be that derived by Love from the Sussex matrix elements. The sensitivity of the calculations to the choice of optical potentials and the importance of spin-orbit distortion is explored

Cross-sections for sup 3 sup 6 Cl from Ti at E sub p =35-150 MeV Applications to in-situ exposure dating

CERN Document Server

Fink, D; Hotchkis, M

2000-01-01

We have measured the low-energy yield of sup 3 sup 6 Cl from Ti for proton energies from 35 to 150 MeV. Thin Ti foil irradiations were performed at the Harvard University Cyclotron Laboratory and sup 3 sup 6 Cl concentrations were determined using the ANTARES AMS facility at ANSTO. Cross-sections ranged smoothly with energy from 0.32+-0.05 mb at 35 MeV to 5.3+-0.4 mb at 150 MeV. Results for E<110 MeV are new, while the upper region from 110 to 150 MeV agrees well with overlapping data from other studies. The in-situ production rate for sup 3 sup 6 Cl from Ti at the earth's surface and high latitude based on this excitation function and calculations of Masarik and Reedy (normalised to the mean measured yield of sup 3 sup 6 Cl from Ca) is estimated at approx(13+-3) atoms sup 3 sup 6 Cl (g Ti yr) sup - sup 1. We thus conclude that in Ti-rich, Ca-poor rocks or in typical basalts, sup 3 sup 6 Cl yield from Ti can amount to approx 5-10% of total. This is similar to the contribution from slow muon capture on sup ...

K-matrix analysis of the (IJ sup P sup C = 00 sup + sup +)-wave in the mass region below 1900 MeV

CERN Document Server

Anisovich, V V

2003-01-01

We present the results of the current analysis of the partial wave IJ sup P sup C =00 sup + sup + based on the available data for meson spectra (pi pi, K anti K, eta eta, eta eta sup ' ,pi pi pi pi). In the framework of the K-matrix approach, the analytical amplitude has been reconstructed in the mass region 280 MeVMeV. The following scalar-isoscalar states are seen: comparatively narrow resonances f sub 0 (980), f sub 0 (1300), f sub 0 (1500), f sub 0 (1750) and the broad state f sub 0 (1200-1600). The positions of the amplitude poles (masses and total widths of the resonances) are determined as well as pole residues (partial widths to meson channels pi pi, anti KK,eta eta,eta eta sup ' ,pi pi pi pi). The fitted amplitude gives us the positions of the K-matrix poles (bare states) and the values of bare-state couplings to meson channels thus allowing the quark-antiquark nonet classification of bare states. On the basis of the obtained partial widths to the channels pi pi, anti KK,eta e...

Actinide neutron-induced fission up to 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maslov, V.M.

2001-01-01

Fission and total level densities modelling along with double-humped fission barrier parameters allow to describe available actinide neutron-induced fission cross section data in the incident neutron energy range of ∼ 10 keV - 20 MeV. Saddle asymmetries relevant to shell correction model calculations influence fission barriers, extracted by cross section data analysis. The inner barrier was assumed axially symmetric in case of U, Np and Pu neutron-deficient nuclei. It is shown that observed irregularities in neutron-induced fission cross section data in the energy range of 0.5-3 MeV could be attributed to the interplay of few-quasiparticle excitations in the level density of fissioning and residual nuclei. Estimates of first-chance fission cross section and secondary neutron spectrum model were validated by 238 U fission, (n,2n) and (n,3n) data description up to 20 MeV. (author)

Actinide neutron-induced fission up to 20 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maslov, V M [Radiation Physics and Chemistry Problems Institute, Minsk-Sosny (Belarus)

2001-12-15

Fission and total level densities modelling along with double-humped fission barrier parameters allow to describe available actinide neutron-induced fission cross section data in the incident neutron energy range of {approx} 10 keV - 20 MeV. Saddle asymmetries relevant to shell correction model calculations influence fission barriers, extracted by cross section data analysis. The inner barrier was assumed axially symmetric in case of U, Np and Pu neutron-deficient nuclei. It is shown that observed irregularities in neutron-induced fission cross section data in the energy range of 0.5-3 MeV could be attributed to the interplay of few-quasiparticle excitations in the level density of fissioning and residual nuclei. Estimates of first-chance fission cross section and secondary neutron spectrum model were validated by {sup 238}U fission, (n,2n) and (n,3n) data description up to 20 MeV. (author)

Preparation of a liquid nitrogen target for measurement of γ-ray in the 14N(n,γ)15N reaction as an intensity standard in energy region up to 11 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, M.; Obayashi, H.; Sakane, H.; Shibata, M.; Kawade, K.; Taniguchi, A.

2001-01-01

For determination of relative γ-ray intensities up to 11 MeV in the 14 N(n,γ) 15 N reaction, we have developed a liquid nitrogen (N 2 ) target which contain no hydrogen (H) to improve the accuracy of γ-ray intensities. The ratio of the relative uncertainties for the liquid nitrogen to that for the melamine (C 3 H 6 N 6 ) widely used was improved by a factor of 2 above 2.2 MeV and a factor of 3 - 6 below 2.2 MeV. It has been shown that the liquid nitrogen target is useful for reduction of the 2.2 MeV γ-ray from the 1 H(n,γ) 2 H reaction and improvement of statistics. (author)

Evaluated neutron-induced cross sections for 40Ca from 20 to 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hetrick, D.M.; Fu, C.Y.; Larson, D.C.

1982-09-01

Nuclear model codes were used to compute cross sections for neutron-induced reactions on 40 Ca for incident energies from 20 to 40 MeV. The input parameters for the model codes were determined through analysis of experimental data in this energy region. Computed cross sections along with emission spectra for each product were combined into an Evaluated Nuclear Data File (ENDF) using the proposed format for charged-particle reactions. Discussion of the models used, the resulting calculations, and the final evaluated data file are presented

Calculation of neutron monitor reaction cross sections of {sup 90}Zr in energy region up to 100 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Qingbiao, Shen; Baosheng, Yu; Dunjiu, Cai [Chinese Nuclear Data Center, Beijing, BJ (China)

1996-06-01

Many nuclear data for n + {sup 90}Zr reaction were calculated by using optical model evaporation model and exciton model. The program SPEC, including the first to the sixth particle emission processes, was used in our calculations. The calculated results show that the activation products {sup 89,88}Zr and {sup 88,87}Y are important neutron monitor reaction products for n + {sup 90}Zr reaction in energy range up to 100 MeV. (4 figs.).

Measurement of neutron-induced fission cross-sections of Th232, U238, U233 and Np237 relative to U235 from 1 MeV to 200 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shcherbakov, O.A.; Laptev, A.B.; Petrov, G.A. [Petersburg Nuclear Physics Inst., Gatchina, Leningrad district (Russian Federation); Fomichev, A.V.; Donets, A.Y.; Osetrov, O.I.

1998-11-01

The measurements of neutron-induced cross-section ratios for Th232, U238, U233 and Np237 relative to U235 have been carried out in the energy range from 1 MeV up to 200 MeV using the neutron time-of-flight spectrometer GNEIS based on 1 GeV proton synchrocyclotron. Below 20 MeV, the results of present measurements are roughly in agreement with evaluated data though there are some discrepances to be resolved. (author)

(n, Xn) cross sections measurements at 96 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sagrado Garcia, Inmaculada C.

2006-01-01

Nucleon induced reactions in the 20-200 MeV energy range are intensively studied since a long time. The evaporation and the pre-equilibrium processes correspond to an important contribution of the production cross section in these reactions. Several theoretical approaches have been proposed and their predictions must be tested. The experimental results shown in this work are the only complete set of data for the (n, Xn) reactions in this energy range. Neutron double differential cross sections measurements using lead and iron targets for an incident neutron beam at 96 MeV were carried out at TSL laboratory, in Uppsala (Sweden). The measurements have been performed for the first time with an energy threshold of 2 MeV and for a wide angular range (15 deg.-98 deg.). Neutrons have been detected using two independent setups, DECOI and DEMON and CLODIA and SCANDAL, in order to cover the whole energy range (2-100 MeV). The angular distributions, the differential cross sections and the total inelastic production cross sections have been calculated using the double differential cross sections. The comparisons between the experimental data and the predictions given by two of the most popular simulation codes, GEANT3 and MCNPX, have been performed, as well as the comparison with the predictions of the microscopic simulation model DYWAN, selected for its original treatment of nucleon-nucleus reactions. (author) [fr

Analysis of the neutron energy spectra from the sup(208)Pb (p,n) sup(208)Bi reaction at Esub(p)=200 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ershov, S.N.; Fayans, S.A.; Gareev, F.A.; Pyatov, N.I.

1986-01-01

Microscopic calculation of the small-angle neutron energy spectra from the 208 Pb (p, n) 208 Bi reaction at Esub(p)=200 MeV are presented. It is shown that the distorted-wave impulse approximation and the microscopic theory of finite Fermi systems can be employed for describing the low-energy excitation region 0 <= Q <= 30 MeV with small momentum transfers. A quantitative estimate is obtained for the local charge of quasiparticles esub(q)[σtau]=0.8 that characterizes the quenching of the integral strength of spin-flip low-energy transitions and the relevant effects are discussed

Spectroscopic study of {sup 206,207,208}Pb isotopes by high resolution analysis of 24.5 MeV proton scattering; Etude spectroscopique des isotopes 206, 207 et 208 du plomb par analyse a haute resolution de la diffusion de protons de 24,5 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vallois, G [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1968-03-01

{sup 206,207,208}pb have been studied by 24.5 MeV proton inelastic scattering with a resolution of 20 keV. The angular distributions of the differential cross-sections corresponding to the different excited levels have been measured in a large angular region and analysed with the DWBA.This work shows that it exists between 4 and 5 MeV of excitation energy some strongly excited levels corresponding to transfer momenta l = 2, 4, 6 and 8. The single particle-hole models do not explain these states; so it will probably be necessary to introduce some several particle - hole configurations. (author) [French] Les isotopes 206, 207 et 208 du plomb ont ete etudies par diffusion inelastique de protons de 24,5 MeV avec une resolution de 20 keV. Les distributions angulaires des sections efficaces differentielles correspondant aux differents niveaux excites ont ete mesurees sur un large domaine angulaire et analysees a l'aide de la DWBA. Ce travail met en evidence l'existence, entre 4 et 5 MeV d'excitation, de niveaux fortement excites correspondant a des moments de transfert de 2, 4, 6 et 8. Les modeles a simple particule-trou ne rendant pas compte de ces niveaux, il faudra sans doute recourir a des configurations a plusieurs particules-trous pour les expliquer. (auteur)

MeV energy electron beam induced damage in isotactic polypropylene

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mathakari, N.L.; Bhoraskar, V.N. [Microtron Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune 411007 (India); Dhole, S.D. [Microtron Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune 411007 (India)], E-mail: sanjay@physics.unipune.ernet.in

2008-06-15

A few thin films of isotactic polypropylene were irradiated with 6 MeV energy electrons, in the fluence range from 5 x 10{sup 14} to 2 x 10{sup 15} electrons/cm{sup 2}. The structural, optical and mechanical properties were characterized by techniques such as FTIR, UV-vis, XRD, SEM, hardness and contact angle measurements. The FTIR spectra indicate that C-H and C-C bonds are scissioned and an isotactic arrangement of chains is partially destroyed. Moreover, the new carbonyl groups (C=O) are observed, which signifies oxidation. The UV-vis spectra shows a red shift in the absorption edge from pristine value of 240 to 380 nm, which corresponds to decrease in the optical band gap from 5.17 to 3.27 eV. This is because of the formation of conjugated double bonds as well as carbonization. The crystalline properties were analysed using XRD and it shows no profound change. This result may attribute that the radiation-induced changes have probably occurred to a large extent in amorphous regions. However, surface morphology by SEM and contact angle measurements showed considerable surface roughening, which indicates an uneven evolution of gases from the surface. Interestingly, the surface hardness of the films was found to increase with fluence and it may be due to crosslinking and carbonization on the surface. Overall, in conclusion this study shows considerable modifications in the physicochemical properties of isotactic polypropylene irradiated by 6 MeV energy pulsed electrons.

Coherent pion production induced by 300 MeV and 600 MeV deuterons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslanides, E.; Bergdolt, A.M.; Bing, O.; Fassnacht, P.; Hibou, F.

1982-01-01

Experimental data on (d,π - ) reactions at 300 and 600 MeV incident energy are presented. Inclusive spectra on 6 Li, 9 Be and 10 B targets near the kinematical limit do not show the usual scaling behaviour. For the two-body reaction 6 Li (d,π - ) 8 B the lowest-energy discrete states of the final nucleus were clearly resolved and the cross sections for pion production leading to those states have been determined. (orig.)

Elastic and inelastic scattering of polarized protons from carbon-12 at 400, 600, and 700 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, K.W.

1984-04-01

Good resolution cross section and analyzing power (p vector, p') data for many states in 12 C up to an excitation energy of 21 MeV and spanning a momentum transfer range of 0.3 to 2.1 fm -1 were obtained using the High Resolution Spectrometer at the Clinton P. Anderson Meson Physics Facility at incident beam energies of 398, 597, and 698 MeV. Optical model potentials were obtained from the elastic scattering data. Inelastic data were analyzed in the Distorted Wave Impulse Approximation using the Love-Franey effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. The energy dependent isoscalar natural parity cross sections were underestimated, while phase difficulties were encountered in fitting analyzing powers. The energy independent isovector natural parity cross sections were reasonably reproduced, but analyzing powers were not, the calculations yielding positive trends whereas the data are of opposite sign. The energy independent isoscalar and isovector unnatural parity cross sections were quite well reproduced up to moderate momentum transfers, and striking successes were observed for some analyzing power data. Systematics of energy dependence together with the results of the DWIA calculations permitted the assignment of spin, parity and isospin quantum numbers to states in the 18-21 MeV excitation region. 64 references

1.5 MeV Kr+ irradiation of polycrystalline Ge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, L.M.; Birtcher, R.C.; Rehn, L.E.

1990-01-01

This paper reports 1.5 MeV Kr + irradiation of polycrystalline Ge at room temperature, and subsequent annealing carried out with in situ TEM observations. After a Kr + dose of 1.2 x 10 14 ions/cm 2 , Ge in the electron transparent region was completely amorphized. Continuous irradiation of the amorphized Ge resulted in a high density of small cavities. These cavities, first observed after 7 x 10 14 ions/cm 2 with an average diameter of ∼3 nm, grew into large (∼50 nm) irregular-shaped holes, transforming the irradiated Ge into a sponge-like material after 8.5 x 10 15 ions/cm 2 . The crystallization temperature and the morphology of the crystallized Ge after annealing were found to be dependent on the Kr + dose. The sponge-like structure was retained after crystallization at ∼600 degrees C

Scientific Performance of a Nano-satellite MeV Telescope

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lucchetta, Giulio; Berlato, Francesco; Rando, Riccardo; Bastieri, Denis; Urso, Giorgio, E-mail: giulio.lucchetta@desy.de, E-mail: fberlato@mpe.mpg.de [Dipartimento di Fisica and Astronomia “G. Galilei,” Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova (Italy)

2017-05-01

Over the past two decades, both X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy have experienced great progress. However, the region of the electromagnetic spectrum around ∼1 MeV is not so thoroughly explored. Future medium-sized gamma-ray telescopes will fill this gap in observations. As the timescale for the development and launch of a medium-class mission is ∼10 years, with substantial costs, we propose a different approach for the immediate future. In this paper, we evaluate the viability of a much smaller and cheaper detector: a nano-satellite Compton telescope, based on the CubeSat architecture. The scientific performance of this telescope would be well below that of the instrument expected for the future larger missions; however, via simulations, we estimate that such a compact telescope will achieve a performance similar to that of COMPTEL.

A 30 MeV H- cyclotron for isotope production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baartman, R.; Kleevan, W.J.; Laxdal, R.E.; Milton, B.F.; Otter, A.J.; Pearson, J.B.; Poirier, R.L.; Schmor, P.W.; Schneider, H.R.; Erdman, K.L.; Walker, Q.

1989-01-01

Because of an expanding market for radioisotopes there is a need for a new generation of cyclotrons designed specifically for this purpose. We describe such a cyclotron currently under construction. It is a 30 MeV H - design that exploits a newly developed high brightness multicusp ion source which is capable of H - currents of up to 5 mA. This together with careful beam matching then makes feasible accelerated H - beam intensities of 500 μA. The cyclotron being built is a four sector radial ridge design with two 45 degree dees in opposite valleys. Beam extraction is by stripping to H + in a thin graphite foil. Two extraction probes will allow simultaneous extraction of two beams, each with an intensity of up to 200 μA. Energy variation from 15 MeV to 30 MeV is achieved by varying the radial position of the extraction foil. 7 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab

Gamma rays from the de-excitation of 12C*(15.11MeV) and 12C*(4.44MeV) as probes of energetic particle spectra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crannell, C.J.; Ramaty, R.; Crannell, H.

1977-01-01

The flux of 15.11 MeV γ rays relative to the flux 4.44 MeV γ rays has been calculated from measured cross sections for excitation of the corresponding states of 12 C and from experimental determinations of the branching ratios for direct de-excitation of these states to the ground state. Because of the difference in threshold energies for excitation of these two levels, the relative intensities in the two lines are particularly sensitive to the spectral distribution of energetic particles which excite the corresponding nuclear levels. For both solar and cosmic emission, the observability of the 15.11 MeV line is expected to be enhanced by low source-background continuum in this ener

Cross-sections for formation of {sup 89}Zr{sup m} through {sup 90}Zr(n,2n){sup 89}Zr{sup m} reaction over neutron energy range 13.73 MeV to 14.77 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Attar, F.M.D. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India); Mandal, R. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India); Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (India); Dhole, S.D. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India); Saxena, A. [Nuclear Physics Division, BARC, Mumbai (India); Ashokkumar,; Ganesan, S. [Reactor Physics Design Division, BARC, Mumbai (India); Kailas, S. [Nuclear Physics Division, BARC, Mumbai (India); Bhoraskar, V.N. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India)], E-mail: vnb@physics.unipune.ernet.in

2008-04-01

The cross-sections for formation of metastable state of {sup 89}Zr ({sup 89}Zr{sup m}, 0.588 MeV, 4.16 m) through {sup 90}Zr(n,2n){sup 89}Zr{sup m} reaction induced by 13.73 MeV to 14.77 MeV neutrons were measured for the first time and also theoretically estimated using Empire-II and Talys programs. At 13.73 MeV neutron energy, the {sup 89}Zr nuclei can be excited to metastable state, {sup 89}Zr{sup m}, when the first and the second emitted neutrons have energies lower than the most probable energy {approx}0.64 MeV. The probability of exciting {sup 89}Zr nuclei to energy levels higher than 0.588 MeV and therefore of populating the metastable state through decay process increases with increasing neutron energy. The measured cross-sections vary from 41{+-}3mb to 221{+-}15mb over neutron energies 13.73 MeV to 14.77 MeV, and are in agreement with the cross-sections estimated using Empire-II code. The formation of {sup 89}Zr{sup m} is favoured when the first and the second reaction neutrons are emitted with the most probable energies rather than lower energy, except for 13.73 MeV neutrons.

Production of 14 MeV neutrons from D-D neutron generators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cecil, F.E.; Nieschmidt, E.B.

1986-01-01

The production of 14 MeV neutrons from a D-D neutron generator resulting from tritium buildup from the d(d,p)t reaction in the target is discussed. The effect of the 14 MeV neutrons on fast neutron activation analysis with D-D neutron generators is evaluated. (orig.)

The ANL 50 MeV H- Injector: 35 year anniversary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stipp, V.; Brumwell, F.; McMichael, G.

1996-01-01

The H - Injector at ANL consists of a 750 keV Cockcroft-Walton preaccelerator and an Alvarez type 50 MeV Linac. The accelerator was originally constructed as the source of protons for the Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS). The first proton beam was extracted from the preaccelerator in 1961. The accelerator is presently used as the injector for the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS), a 500 MeV rapid cycling synchrotron with a spallation-neutron target. During most of the time since turn-on over 15 years ago, the IPNS facility availability has rarely dropped below 90% and has averaged 95% over the last ten years. During the same period, the 50 MeV injector availability has averaged 99%. Performance and improvements over the 35 year period is discussed

Optical model neutron cross sections calculations for Cu63, Cu65 and natural Cu in the energy range 1-15 Mev

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iliescu, N.

1975-01-01

The theory of optical model and cross sections is developing. The neutron reactions considered in the high energy rate (0,1-15 MeV) were: total, elastic, elastic angular distributions, nonelastic, inelastic for resolved levels. This region was subdivided in two parts: in the first one, ranging from 0,1 to 1 MeV, the evaluation was mainly based on empirical fits of the experimental data, whereas in the second part the fits were carried out with theoretical models: optical and statistical. The potential parameters were obtained fitting the total, elastic, inelastic cross sections and elastic angular distributions. Using Hauser-Feshbach theory, angular distribution and cross sections for compound elastic scattering and inelastic scattering are calculated

COROTATING INTERACTION REGION ASSOCIATED SUPRATHERMAL HELIUM ION ENHANCEMENTS AT 1 AU: EVIDENCE FOR LOCAL ACCELERATION AT THE COMPRESSION REGION TRAILING EDGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ebert, R. W.; Dayeh, M. A.; Desai, M. I.; Mason, G. M.

2012-01-01

We examined the temporal profiles and peak intensities for 73 corotating interaction region (CIR)-associated suprathermal (∼0.1-8 MeV nucleon –1 ) helium (He) ion enhancements identified at STEREO-A, STEREO-B, and/or Advanced Composition Explorer between 2007 and 2010. We found that in most events the peak He intensity times were well organized by the CIR compression region trailing edge, regardless of whether or not a reverse shock was present. Out of these events, 19% had their 0.193 MeV nucleon –1 He intensities peak within 1 hr and 50% within 4.75 hr of the CIR trailing edge, the distribution having a 1σ value of 7.3 hr. Events with a 0.193 MeV nucleon –1 He intensity peak time within 1σ of the CIR trailing edge showed a positive correlation between the ∼0.1 and 0.8 MeV nucleon –1 He peak intensities and magnetic compression ratios in events both with and without a reverse shock. The peak intensities in all other events showed little to moderate correlation between these parameters. Our results provide evidence that some fraction of the CIR-associated –1 He intensity enhancements observed at 1 AU are locally driven. We suggest an extended source for the CIR-associated energetic particles observed at 1 AU where the –1 ions are accelerated locally at or near the CIR trailing edge, the intensities being proportional to the local compression ratio strength, while the >MeV particles are likely accelerated at CIR-driven shocks beyond Earth orbit.

Levels of 16O near 13 MeV excitation from 15N+p reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bray, K.H.; Frawley, A.D.; Ophel, T.R.; Barker, F.C.

1977-02-01

Angular distributions, a O 0 excitation function and Doppler-broadened γ-ray profiles for the reaction 15 N(p,α 1 γ), and angular distributions for the 15 N(p,αsub(o)) reaction, have been measured for proton energies from about 900 to 1250 keV. These data, together with analysing powers from the 15 N(p,αsub(o)) reaction with polarized protons, have been satisfactorily fitted by means of R-matrix theory, in terms of the known levels of 16 O in the 13 MeV region together with background contributions. (Author)

Nuclear models to 200 MeV for high-energy data evaluations. Vol.12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chadwick, M.; Reffo, G.; Dunford, C.L.; Oblozinsky, P.

1998-01-01

The work of the Nuclear Energy Agency's Subgroup 12 is described, which represents a collaborative effort to summarize the current status of nuclear reaction modelling codes and prioritize desired future model improvements. Nuclear reaction modelling codes that use appropriate physics in the energy region up to 200 MeV are the focus of this study, particularly those that have proved useful in nuclear data evaluation work. This study is relevant to developing needs in accelerator-driven technology programs, which require accurate nuclear data to high energies for enhanced radiation transport simulations to guide engineering design. (author)

0,01-5 MeV heavy ion accelerators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Golubev, V.P.; Ivanov, A.S.; Nikiforov, S.A.; Svin'in, M.P.; Tarvid, G.V.; Troshikhin, A.G.; Fedotov, M.T.

1983-01-01

The results of development of an accelerating complex on the base of the UP-2-1 heavy ion charge exchange accelerator and IMPLANT-500 high-voltage heavy ion accelerator are given. The accelerating complex provides overlapping of the 0.01 MeV to 5 MeV energy range at accelerated beam currents of 10 -3 -10 -6 A order. The structural features of accelerators and their basic units and systems are considered. The UP-2-1 accelerator is designed for researches in the field of experimental physics and applied problem solutions. The IMPLANT-500 accelerator is designed for commercial ion-beam facilities with closed loop of silicon plate treatment

Deep inelastic scattering of electrons on 12C in the δ(1236) region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meziani, Zein-Eddine.

1982-06-01

An experiment involving inclusive deep inelastic scattering of 700 MeV electrons on 12 C is presented. A broad energy transfer region (20 to 500 MeV) was examined enabling various different reaction mechanisms occurring in the nucleus to be studied. Attention was given to electroproduction processes in the δ(1236) resonance region. Measurements of deep inelastic scattering cross sections and radiative correction problems are discussed. A theoretical treatment of the cross section in the framework of a virtual photon exchange approximation is presented [fr

Two body photodisintegration of the deuteron from 100 to 800 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crawford, R.; Annand, J.R.M.; Anthony, I.; Altieri, S.; Pavia Univ.; Audit, G.; D'Hose, N.

1996-01-01

The total and the differential cross sections for the D(γ,p)n reaction have been measured over the photon energy range 100-800 MeV at the 855 MeV MAMI Microtron in Mainz. The data are presented in the form of thirty-five angular distributions at c.m. proton angles between 30 deg-160 deg in 10 deg intervals and at photon energies in steps of 20 MeV. Previous experimental work is reassessed in the light of the present results and the results compared with some recent theoretical calculations. (author)

Measurements of the (n,2n) Reaction Cross Section of 181Ta from 8 to 15 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Bhatia, C.; Gooden, M. E.; Tornow, W.; Tonchev, A. P.

2014-05-01

The cross section for the reaction 181Ta(n,2n)180Tag was measured from 8 to 15 MeV in small energy steps to resolve inconsistencies in the existing databases. The activation technique was used, and the 93.4 keV γ-ray from the decay of the 180Tag ground state was recorded with a HPGe detector. In addition, the γ-rays from the monitor reactions 27Al(n,α)24Na and 197Au(n,2n)196Au were measured for neutron fluence determination. As a cross check, a calibrated neutron detector was also used. The ENDF/B-VII.1 and TENDL-2011 evaluations are in considerable disagreement with the present data, which in turn agree very well with the majority of the existing data in the 14 MeV energy region.

Mass yield distributions for the reactions Ca+Ca, Nb+Nb and Ca+Ca at E/A=800 MeV in the molecular-dynamical model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kiselev, S.M.

1987-01-01

Mass yield distributions obtained on the basis of the molecular-dynamical model are presented for the Ca+Ca, Nb+Nb reactions at E/A=400 MeV and Ca+Ca reaction at E/A=800 MeV. For the fragments with masses upto quarter of the mass of initial nucleus the model predicts a power law for mass spectra with almost the same value of the exponent. Such the behaviour is roughly a result of the superposition of the fireball breakup and the disintegration of spectator regions rather than the evidence of a liquid-gas-like phase transition in hot nuclear matter

The total angular moment selectivity in 7Li(α, α) 7Li(4.63 MeV, 7/2-) reaction at Eα = 27.2 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dmitrenko, V.N.; Kozyr', Yu.E.

1995-01-01

The DWBA calculation of tensor polarisation of residual nuclei for direct inelastic scattering 7 Li(α, α) 7 Li(4.63 MeV, 7/2 - ) gives the lest approximation to experimental data at selected total angular moment and parity values J π 13/2 + . The microscopic coupled channel calculation also predicts a significant role of total angular moment states with J ≥ 13/2. at E α 27.2 MeV

Irradiation effects of 11 MeV protons on ferritic steels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamaguchi, Yoshikazu; Kuwano, Hisashi; Misawa, Toshihei

1985-01-01

It is considered that ferritic/martensitic steels are the candidate of the first wall materials for future fusion reactors. The most serious problem in the candidate materials is the loss of ductility due to the elevation of ductile-brittle transition temperature by the high dpa irradiation of neutrons. 14 MeV neutrons produced by D-T reaction cause high dpa damage and also produce large quantity of helium and hydrogen atoms in first wall materials. Those gas atoms also play an important role in the embrittlement of steels. The main purpose of this work was to simulate the behavior of hydrogen produced by the transmutation in the mechanical properties of ferritic steels when they were irradiated with 11 MeV protons. The experimental procedure and the results of hardness, the broadening of x-ray diffraction lines, Moessbauer spectroscopy and small punch test are reported. High energy protons of 10 - 20 MeV are suitable to the simulation experiment of 14 MeV neutron radiation damage. But the production of the active nuclei emitting high energy gamma ray and having long life, Co-56, is the most serious problem. Another difficulty is the control of irradiation temperature. A small irradiation chamber must be developed. (Kako, I.)

A sub-picosecond pulsed 5 MeV electron beam system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farrell, J. Paul; Batchelor, K.; Meshkovsky, I.; Pavlishin, I.; Lekomtsev, V.; Dyublov, A.; Inochkin, M.; Srinivasan-Rao, T.

2001-01-01

Laser excited pulsed, electron beam systems that operate at energies from 1 MeV up to 5 MeV and pulse width from 0.1 to 100 ps are described. The systems consist of a high voltage pulser and a coaxial laser triggered gas or liquid spark gap. The spark gap discharges into a pulse forming line designed to produce and maintain a flat voltage pulse for 1 ns duration on the cathode of a photodiode. A synchronized laser is used to illuminate the photocathode with a laser pulse to produce an electron beam with very high brightness, short duration, and current at or near the space charge limit. Operation of the system is described and preliminary test measurements of voltages, synchronization, and jitter are presented for a 5 MeV system. Applications in chemistry, and accelerator research are briefly discussed

MeV ion-beam analysis of optical data storage films

Science.gov (United States)

Leavitt, J. A.; Mcintyre, L. C., Jr.; Lin, Z.

1993-01-01

Our objectives are threefold: (1) to accurately characterize optical data storage films by MeV ion-beam analysis (IBA) for ODSC collaborators; (2) to develop new and/or improved analysis techniques; and (3) to expand the capabilities of the IBA facility itself. Using H-1(+), He-4(+), and N-15(++) ion beams in the 1.5 MeV to 10 MeV energy range from a 5.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator, film thickness (in atoms/sq cm), stoichiometry, impurity concentration profiles, and crystalline structure were determined by Rutherford backscattering (RBS), high-energy backscattering, channeling, nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Most of these techniques are discussed in detail in the ODSC Annual Report (February 17, 1987), p. 74. The PIXE technique is briefly discussed in the ODSC Annual Report (March 15, 1991), p. 23.

Color centers of a borosilicate glass induced by 10 MeV proton, 1.85 MeV electron and 60Co-γ ray

Science.gov (United States)

Du, Jishi; Wu, Jiehua; Zhao, Lili; Song, Lixin

2013-05-01

Optical absorption spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra, Raman spectra of a borosilicate glass after irradiation by 10 MeV proton, 1.85 MeV electron and 60Co-γ ray were studied. The process of irradiation inducing color centers in the glass was discussed. The band gap of the glass before and after 60Co-γ ray irradiation was studied using Mott and Davis's theory, and it was found that calculated change of the band gap introduced a paradox, because Mott and Davis's theory on the band gap cannot be adopted in the study on the irradiated glass.

Hermila Galindo y “La mujer moderna” (1915-1916. Abriendo espacios: entre la domesticidad y los derechos por la igualdad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oliva Noguez Noguez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This paper develops a review of the role played by women writers, journalists and feminists in Mexico constitutionalist, 1915-1916, through the weekly La Mujer Moderna, under the direction of Hermila Galindo. Through the weekly, we can interpret how women writers joined the social changes promised by the new armed movement of the Mexican Revolution, so too, the variety of existing positions around how it should be participating. With the foregoing is argued dialogue and negotiation, women who held liberal ideas and those who supported conservative positions on issues related to women’s suffrage and education.

Attenuation data of point isotropic neutron sources up to 400MeV in water, ordinary concrete and iron

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kotegawa, Hiroshi; Tanaka, Shun-ichi; Sakamoto, Yukio; Nakane, Yoshihiro; Nakashima, Hiroshi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment

1994-08-01

A comprehensive attenuation data of dose equivalent for point isotropic monoenergetic neutron sources up to 400MeV in infinite shields of water, ordinary concrete and iron has been calculated using the ANISN-JR code and a neutron-photon multigroup macroscopic cross section HIL086R. The attenuation factors were fitted to a 4th order polynomial exponent formula, making possible to use easily for point kernel codes. Additional data in finite shielding geometry was also calculated to correct the effect due to infinite medium, giving the maximum correction of 0.23 in the region for more 400 cm distance from neutron source of 400 MeV in iron shield. Effective attenuation length for monoenergetic neutrons have been studied in detail. Subsequently, it was shown that the attenuation length was strongly dependent upon the penetration length and the Moyer`s formula using a single attenuation length brought large error into the dose estimation behind thick shields for the intermediate energy neutrons up to 400 MeV. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that there was difference more than 50 % in the attenuation length of iron between the calculations with HIL086R and HIL086 because of the self-shielding effect. (author).

THE ENERGY DEPENDENCE OF THE CENTROID FREQUENCY AND PHASE LAG OF THE QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS IN GRS 1915+105

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qu, J. L.; Lu, F. J.; Lu, Y.; Song, L. M.; Zhang, S.; Wang, J. M.; Ding, G. Q.

2010-01-01

We present a study of the centroid frequencies and phase lags of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) as functions of photon energy for GRS 1915+105. It is found that the centroid frequencies of the 0.5-10 Hz QPOs and their phase lags are both energy dependent, and there exists an anticorrelation between the QPO frequency and phase lag. These new results challenge the popular QPO models, because none of them can fully explain the observed properties. We suggest that the observed QPO phase lags are partially due to the variation of the QPO frequency with energy, especially for those with frequency higher than 3.5 Hz.

NSLS 3: Conceptual design report: 750 MeV e+ or e- injector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1986-05-01

The 750 MeV positron or electron injector is comprised of an electron linear accelerator which accelerates an intense beam of electrons to an energy of about 250 MeV, a positron converter, a second linear accelerator that boosts the final positron energy to 750 MeV, and a damping ring in which radiation damping is used to reduce the emittance of the positron beam for injection into the storage rings. The reasons for the need of a new injector are enumerated. The conceptual design of the system and its component systems are described, as well as project cost, schedule, and manpower requirements

Two body photodisintegration of the deuteron from 100 to 800 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crawford, R.; Annand, J.R.M.; Anthony, I. [Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom). Dept. of Physics and Astronomy; Ahrens, J.; Beck, R. [Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Kernphysik; Braghieri, A.; Pedroni, P. [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Pavia (Italy); Altieri, S. [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Pavia (Italy)]|[Pavia Univ. (Italy). Ist. di Fisica Nucleare; Audit, G.; D`Hose, N. [CEA Centre d`Etudes de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Dept. d`Astrophysique, de la Physique des Particules, de la Physique Nucleaire et de l`Instrumentation Associee] [and others

1996-01-01

The total and the differential cross sections for the D({gamma},p)n reaction have been measured over the photon energy range 100-800 MeV at the 855 MeV MAMI Microtron in Mainz. The data are presented in the form of thirty-five angular distributions at c.m. proton angles between 30 deg-160 deg in 10 deg intervals and at photon energies in steps of 20 MeV. Previous experimental work is reassessed in the light of the present results and the results compared with some recent theoretical calculations. (author). Submitted to Nuclear Physics, B (NL); 23 refs.

29Si(d,3He)28Al reaction at 29 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vernotte, J.; Berrier-Ronsin, G.; Fortier, S.; Hourani, E.; Kalifa, J.; Khendriche, A.; Maison, J.M.; Rosier, L.H.; Rotbard, G.

1994-01-01

The 29 Si(d, 3 He) 28 Al reaction has been investigated at 29 MeV incident energy. Observations using a split-pole magnetic spectrograph have been made of 55 levels of 28 Al in the range of excitation energy between 0 and 6.7 MeV. Most of them have been identified with 28 Al levels which have been previously observed by other techniques. The spectroscopic factors have been obtained for 23 of these levels through distorted-wave Born approximation analyses of measured angular distributions. The levels at E x =3.105 and 3.762 MeV have been definitely assigned J π =1 + and 0 + , respectively. Four levels which are populated through the pickup of a l p =1 proton have been observed at E x =4.998, 5.406, 6.021, and 6.652 MeV. The excitation energies and spectroscopic factors for positive-parity states were compared with the results of a recent, complete sd-shell space, shell-model calculation. This comparison led to the identification of 21 shell-model levels with experimental levels. This comparison seems accurate enough to make very likely the J π =3 + assignment for the levels at E x =2.988 and 4.597 MeV which were previously assigned J π =(1,3) +

Anisotropic deformation of metallo-dielectric core-shell colloids under MeV ion irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Penninkhof, J.J.; Dillen, T. van; Roorda, S.; Graf, C.; Blaaderen, A. van; Vredenberg, A.M.; Polman, A.

2006-01-01

We have studied the deformation of metallo-dielectric core-shell colloids under 4 MeV Xe, 6 and 16 MeV Au, 30 MeV Si and 30 MeV Cu ion irradiation. Colloids of silica surrounded by a gold shell, with a typical diameter of 400 nm, show anisotropic plastic deformation under MeV ion irradiation, with the metal flowing conform the anisotropically deforming silica core. The 20 nm thick metal shell imposes a mechanical constraint on the deforming silica core, reducing the net deformation strain rate compared to that of pure silica. In colloids consisting of a Au core and a silica shell, the silica expands perpendicular to the ion beam, while the metal core shows a large elongation along the ion beam direction, provided the silica shell is thick enough (>40 nm). A minimum electronic energy loss of 3.3 keV/nm is required for shape transformation of the metal core. Silver cores embedded in a silica shell show no elongation, but rather disintegrate. Also in planar SiO 2 films, Au and Ag colloids show entirely different behavior under MeV irradiation. We conclude that the deformation model of core-shell colloids must include ion-induced particle disintegration in combination with thermodynamical effects, possibly in combination with mechanical effects driven by stresses around the ion tracks

Anisotropic deformation of metallo-dielectric core shell colloids under MeV ion irradiation

Science.gov (United States)

Penninkhof, J. J.; van Dillen, T.; Roorda, S.; Graf, C.; van Blaaderen, A.; Vredenberg, A. M.; Polman, A.

2006-01-01

We have studied the deformation of metallo-dielectric core-shell colloids under 4 MeV Xe, 6 and 16 MeV Au, 30 MeV Si and 30 MeV Cu ion irradiation. Colloids of silica surrounded by a gold shell, with a typical diameter of 400 nm, show anisotropic plastic deformation under MeV ion irradiation, with the metal flowing conform the anisotropically deforming silica core. The 20 nm thick metal shell imposes a mechanical constraint on the deforming silica core, reducing the net deformation strain rate compared to that of pure silica. In colloids consisting of a Au core and a silica shell, the silica expands perpendicular to the ion beam, while the metal core shows a large elongation along the ion beam direction, provided the silica shell is thick enough (>40 nm). A minimum electronic energy loss of 3.3 keV/nm is required for shape transformation of the metal core. Silver cores embedded in a silica shell show no elongation, but rather disintegrate. Also in planar SiO2 films, Au and Ag colloids show entirely different behavior under MeV irradiation. We conclude that the deformation model of core-shell colloids must include ion-induced particle disintegration in combination with thermodynamical effects, possibly in combination with mechanical effects driven by stresses around the ion tracks.

Production of positive pions from polarized protons by linearly polarized photons in the energy region 300--420 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Get' man, V.A.; Gorbenko, V.G.; Grushin, V.F.; Derkach, A.Y.; Zhebrovskii, Y.V.; Karnaukhov, I.M.; Kolesnikov, L.Y.; Luchanin, A.A.; Rubashkin, A.L.; Sanin, V.M.; Sorokin, P.V.; Sporov, E.A.; Telegin, Y.N.; Shalatskii, S.V.

1980-10-01

A technique for measurement of the polarization observables ..sigma.., P, and T for the reaction ..gamma..p..-->..n..pi../sup +/ in a doubly polarized experiment (polarized proton target + linearly polarized photon beam) is described. Measurements of the angular distributions of these observables in the range of pion emission angles 30--150/sup 0/ are presented for four photon energies from 300 to 420 MeV. Inclusion of the new experimental data in an energy-independent multipole analysis of photoproduction from protons permits a more reliable selection of solutions to be made.

Study of two photon production process in proton-proton collisions at 216 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khrykin, A.S.

2002-01-01

The energy spectrum for high energy γ-rays (Eγ ≥ 10 MeV) from the process pp → γγX emitted at 90 deg. in the laboratory frame has been measured at 216 MeV. The resulting photon energy spectrum extracted from γ - γ coincidence events consists of a narrow peak (5.3σ) at a photon energy of about 24 MeV and a relatively broad peak (3.5σ) in the energy range of (50 - 70) MeV. This behavior of the photon energy spectrum is interpreted as a signature of the exotic dibaryon resonance d 1 * with a mass of about 1956 MeV which is assumed to be formed in the radiative process pp → γd 1 * followed by its electromagnetic decay via the d 1 * → ppγ mode. The experimental spectrum is compared with those obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulations

Small angle particle-particle correlation measurements in the reactions 280 MeV 40Ar+27Al and 670 MeV 55Mn+12C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milosevich, Zoran; Vardaci, Emanuele; DeYoung, Paul A.; Brown, Craig M.; Kaplan, Morton; Whitfield, James P.; Peterson, Donald; Dykstra, Christopher; Barton, Matthew; Karol, Paul J.; McMahan, Margaret A.

2001-01-01

Small-angle particle-particle correlations were measured in the two matching reactions 280 MeV 40 Ar+ 27 Al and 670 MeV 55 Mn+ 12 C. These two reactions were used to produce the composite nucleus, 67 Ga*, at the same initial excitation energy of 127 MeV, but with different entrance channel angular momentum distributions. A simple trajectory model was used to compute the average emission times between various particle pairs, and comparisons with the data show that there is a significant difference in the deexcitation of the composite nucleus formed from the two reactions. Statistical model calculations were compared to the experimental observations with the added constraint that the model input parameters were consistent with those derived from observed charged-particle energy spectra and angular distributions. It was found that the calculated correlation functions were insensitive to the input spin distributions, but agreed fairly well with the data from the lower-spin system. The higher-spin reaction data were poorly reproduced by the calculations

A comprehensive study on energy absorption and exposure buildup factors for some essential amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates in the energy range 0.015-15 MeV up to 40 mean free path

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kurudirek, Murat; Ozdemir, Yueksel

2011-01-01

The gamma ray energy absorption (EABF) and exposure buildup factors (EBF) have been calculated for some essential amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates in the energy region 0.015-15 MeV up to a penetration depth of 40 mfp (mean free path). The five parameter geometric progression (G-P) fitting approximation has been used to calculate both EABF and EBF. Variations of EABF and EBF with incident photon energy, penetration depth and weight fraction of elements have been studied. While the significant variations in EABF and EBF for amino acids and fatty acids have been observed at the intermediate energy region where Compton scattering is the main photon interaction process, the values of EABF and EBF appear to be almost the same for all carbohydrates in the continuous energy region. It has been observed that the fatty acids have the largest EABF and EBF at 0.08 and 0.1 MeV, respectively, whereas the maximum values of EABF and EBF have been observed for aminoacids and carbohydrates at 0.1 MeV. At the fixed energy of 1.5 MeV, the variation of EABF with penetration depth appears to be independent of the variations in chemical composition of the amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates. Significant variations were also observed between EABF and EBF which may be due to the variations in chemical composition of the given materials.

Concepções de professor e de professora no jornal Deutsche Post - RS (1906-1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rita Dolores Wolf

2012-07-01

Full Text Available  O trabalho inscreve-se no campo da história da educação no Rio Grande do Sul e analisa uma dimensão da imigração alemã para este Estado no início do século 20. Trata-se de mapear concepções de professor e de professora produzidas/ reproduzidas pelo jornal Deutsche Post, no período de 1906 a 1915, buscando apreender com isso, de forma mais ampla, os sentidos atribuídos à escola elementar teuto-brasileira, enquanto instância de produção e de preservação do germanismo e do luteranismo nas regiões de colonização. Fundamenta-se no pressuposto de que os jornais e almanaques teuto-brasileiros constituem importantes recursos de conservação da língua alemã nas comunidades e, mais do que isso, são importantes elementos de fortalecimento da Igreja e da escola, apresentadas neles como os pilares da preservação cultural.Palavras chave: produção cultural, concepções de professor, escola elementar teuto-brasileira.   Abstract This work is inserted in the field of the history of the education in Rio Grande do Sul and analyses a dimension of the germany immigration to the state in the 20lh century. It is about building concepts of male and female teachers produced and reproduced by the "Deutsche Post" Journal, from 1906 to 1915, aiming to learn with this, in a more large aspect, the concepts conferred to the german-brasilian elementary school as a place to produce and preserve the german culture and the protestantism in colonization areas. It is based on the principle that german-brasilian newspapers and almanacs are important means of preserving the german language among communities. More than this, german-brasilian almanacs and newspapers are fundamental elements to strengthen the church and the school, which are considered pillars in the preservation of culture. Keywords: production of culture, concepts of teacher, german-brasilian elementary school. 

The drive system of 100 MeV electron linear accelerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Yuzhen; Su Guoping; Wang Xiulong; Tianlu

1988-06-01

The principle, structure, measurement results and technical performances of microwave drive system for 100MeV electron linear accelerator are presented. In this system the peak power of 15 kW is produced by the S bank middle power klystron. The output power of the klystron is divided into six subdrive lines that drive six high power klystrons respectively. The results show the system with simple structure and good characteristics completely meets the requirements of 100 MeV Linac

Physics design of a 70 MeV high intensity cyclotron, CYCIAE-70

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Tianjue; An Shizhong; Wang Chuan; Yin Zhiguo; Wei Sumin; Li Ming; Yang Jianjun; Ji Bin; Jia Xianlu; Zhong Junqing; Yang Fang

2011-01-01

This paper introduces the physics design of a 70 MeV high intensity cyclotron at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), which is aimed for multiple uses including radioactive ion-beam (RIB) production. The machine adopts a compact structure of four straight sectors, capable of accelerating two kinds of beams, i.e. H − and D − . The proton and deuteron beam will be extracted in dual opposite directions by charge exchange stripping devices. The energy of the extracted proton beam is in the range 35–70 MeV with an intensity up to 700 μA. The corresponding values for the deuteron beam are 18–33 MeV and 40 μA. This paper will present the main characteristics and parameters in the design of the 70 MeV cyclotron, the results of the basic beam dynamics study, as well as the physics in the design of the different systems, including the main magnet, RF, injection and extraction systems, etc.

Search for diffusion of counter-passing MeV ions in the TFTR tokamak

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zweben, S.J.; Boivin, R.; Chang, C.S.; Hammett, G.; Mynick, H.E.

1991-07-01

Confinement studies of MeV ions will play an important role in the research leading to burning plasmas in tokamaks, since any significant radial transport of MeV alpha particles will affect the heating rate or heating profiles of these plasmas. Because the energy, gyroradius, and collisionality of these MeV ions is very different from that of the background plasma, their transport rates cannot be assumed equal to those of the bulk plasma ions. Note that the desired confinement time for 3.5 MeV alphas is set by their thermalization time, which can be up to τ th,α ∼1 sec for the steady-state phase of ITER, requiring D 2 /sec. This is equivalent to over ∼100,000 alpha particle transits of the torus. 28 refs., 24 figs., 2 tabs

Sudden Intensity Increases and Radial Gradient Changes of Cosmic Ray Mev Electrons and Protons Observed at Voyager 1 Beyond 111 AU in the Heliosheath

Science.gov (United States)

Webber, W. R.; Mcdonald, F. B.; Cummings, A. C.; Stone, E. C.; Heikkila, B.; Lal, N.

2012-01-01

Voyager 1 has entered regions of different propagation conditions for energetic cosmic rays in the outer heliosheathat a distance of about 111 AU from the Sun. The low energy 614 MeV galactic electron intensity increased by 20over a time period 10 days and the electron radial intensity gradient abruptly decreased from 19AU to 8AU at2009.7 at a radial distance of 111.2 AU. At about 2011.2 at a distance of 116.6 AU a second abrupt intensity increase of25 was observed for electrons. After the second sudden electron increase the radial intensity gradient increased to18AU. This large positive gradient and the 13 day periodic variations of 200 MeV particles observed near theend of 2011 indicate that V1 is still within the overall heliospheric modulating region. The implications of these resultsregarding the proximity of the heliopause are discussed.

Evaluation of the 235U fission cross-section from 100 eV to 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhat, M.R.

1976-01-01

The evaluation of the 235 U fission cross section from 100 eV to 20 MeV for ENDF/B-V is described. The evaluated average cross sections from 100 eV to 200 keV are given, and it is proposed to include structure in the cross section in this energy region. Above 200 keV, the cross section is given as a smooth curve, and is recommended as a standard. Preliminary error estimates in the cross section are also given

Design study of prototype accelerator and MeV test facility for demonstration of 1 MeV, 1 A negative ion beam production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inoue, Takashi; Hanada, Masaya; Miyamoto, Kenji; Ohara, Yoshihiro; Okumura, Yoshikazu; Watanabe, Kazuhiro; Maeno, Shuichi.

1994-08-01

In fusion reactors such as ITER, a neutral beam injector of MeV class beam energy and several tens MW class power is required as one of candidates of heating and current drive systems. However, the beam energy of existing high power accelerators are one order of magnitude lower than the required value. In order to realize a neutral beam injector for the fusion reactor, 'Proof-of-Principle' of such high energy acceleration is a critical issue at a reactor relevant beam current and pulse length. An accelerator and an accelerator facility which are necessary to demonstrate the Proof-of-Principle acceleration of negative ion beams up to 1 MeV, have been designed in the present study. The accelerator is composed of a cesium-volume type ion source and a multi-stage electrostatic acceleration system [Prototype Accelerator]. A negative hydrogen ion beam with the current of about one ampere (1 A) can be accelerated up to 1 MeV at a low operating pressure. Two types of acceleration system, a multi-multi type and a multi-single type, have been studied. The test facility has sufficient capability for the test of the Prototype Accelerator [MeV Test Facility]. The dc high voltage generator for negative ion acceleration is a Cockcroft-Walton type and capable of delivering 1 A at 1 MV (=1 MW) for 60 s. High voltage components including Prototype Accelerator are installed in a SF 6 vessel pressurized at 6 kg/cm 2 to overcome high voltage gradients. The vessel and the beamline are installed in a X-ray shield. (author)

Progress report on the 14-MeV fission cross section measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-01-01

The development of a recoil proton monitor was completed. It will be used to measure the neutron flux in the 14-MeV fisson cross section measurements. Extensive calculations of the efficiency of this monitor were made and compared with the calculations of other authors. It is clear that a major source of uncertainty in the efficiency is the lack of precise knowledge of the angular distribution of the n-p elastic scattering cross section. This leads to a change in efficiency of 3% depending on the form of the angular distribution that is used. A 4πβ-γ coincidence system was assembled to investigate the K-correction in determining the absolute activity of foil sources. Iron foils will be used as secondary flux standards in comparing the 14-MeV neutron flux with the fluxes in other laboratories, so this is an important correction to measure. The target and target holders that will be used in the 14-MeV measurements were designed and constructed. Preparations were completed to measure the angular distribution of the fission fragments produced in neutron-induced fission at 14 MeV. 2 figures

Proton-proton correlations at small relative momentum in neon-nucleus collisions at E/A=400 and 800 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dupieux, P.; Alard, J.P.; Augerat, J.; Bastid, N.; Charmensat, P.; Fraysse, L.; Marroncle, J.; Montarou, G.; Parizet, M.J.; Qassoud, D.; Rahmani, A.; Fodor, Z.

1988-01-01

Proton-proton small angle correlations have been measured in neon-nucleus collisions, using the 4π detector Diogene, at 400 and 800 MeV per nucleon incident energies. Values of the size of the emitting region are obtained by comparison with the Koonin formula, taking into account the biases of the apparatus. The dependence of the density of target mass and incident energy is also analysed. (orig.)

Depth distribution of damage in copper irradiated with MeV, Ni and He ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Narayan, J.; Noggle, T.S.; Oen, O.S.

1975-01-01

Transmission electron microscopy was used to study radiation damage as a function of depth caused by 58 and 4-MeV 58 Ni and 1-MeV He ions in copper single crystals at ambient temperature. The experimental damage density vs penetration depth distributions were compared with calculations based on the atomic collision theory of Lindhard et al. (LSS). For 58-MeV Ni ions, the calculated damage profile using the theoretical LSS value of the electronic stopping parameter (k = 0.167) agrees well with experiment. However, for 4-MeV Ni ions it is necessary to use k = 0.12 to get agreement with the experimental data. In the case of 1-MeV He, the depth location of the calculated damage peak is in good agreement with experiment when the electronic stopping determined by Chu and Powers is used whereas it is about 15 percent too close to the surface using the tables of Northcliffe and Schilling. (auth)

High resolution {sup 12}C({gamma},p) experiments at E{sub {gamma}} {approx_equal} 25-75 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ruijter, H

1995-08-01

Absolute differential cross sections for the {sup 12}C({gamma},p){sup 11}B reaction have been measured over proton detection angels ranging from 30 to 150 deg, using tagged photons of 25-75 MeV energy, for low-lying regions of residual excitation energy in {sup 11}B. Four experiments were performed at the MAX laboratory in Lund in order to provide data. Previously reported cross sections for the reaction had systematic uncertainties of a magnitude which made them agree, in spite of a large spread in absolute values. The cross sections reported, with a systematic uncertainty of 8%, remove previous ambiguities for E{sub {gamma}}=40-75 MeV. A reinterpretation of the states excited in{sup 11}B at E about 7 MeV is also presented. The data are compared with quasi-elastic (e,e`p) results in PWIA in the same recoil momentum range. It is found that the momentum distributions do not scale for the two reaction types. Furthermore, the data are compared with the results for the inverse reaction (p,{gamma}) in the centre-of-momentum system by detailed balance. The comparison with respect to missing momentum indicates an angular dependence in the ({gamma},p) reaction which is not present in the inverse (p,{gamma}) reaction. Recent results from the MAX laboratory for the ({gamma},n) reaction are compared to the ({gamma},p) results. The mirror nuclei {sup 11}C and {sup 11}B have almost identical excitation energy spectra at E{sub {gamma}}=60 MeV. It is concluded that HF-RPA calculations with essential contributions of meson exchange currents provide a qualitative description of the angular distributions obtained for the ({gamma},p) reaction. An extension of the spherical symmetric basis for the wave function is suggested for the states at E about 7 MeV in {sup 11}B. 108 refs, 83 figs.

Scattering of antiprotons from carbon at 46.8 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garetta, D.; Birien, P.; Bruge, G.; Chaumeaux, A.; Janouin, S.; Legrand, D.; Mallet-Lemaire, M.C.; Mayer, B.; Pain, J.; Drake, D.M.; Peng, J.C.

1984-01-01

Antiproton-carbon elastic and inelastic scattering cross sections have been measured at 46.8 MeV over an angular range 6 0 0 with a magnetic spectrometer. Fits to the elastic and inelastic 4.44 MeV excited state cross sections put realistic limits on the strengths of the real and imaginary parts of the antiproton-carbon optical potential. The continuum cross section due to carbon break-up appears to be smaller than it is for corresponding proton data. (orig.)

Nucleon-nucleus optical model up to 200 MeV. Proceedings of a specialist meeting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

OECD Nuclear Energy Agency; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique

1997-01-01

The proceedings of the Specialists Meeting on Nucleon-Nucleus Optical Model up to 200 MeV contains papers on different topics in connection with the nuclear optical potential research. The purpose of the meeting was to reach a common understanding between nuclear theorists, experimentalists and the applied community on the most reliable approaches to predicting nuclear cross-sections in the medium energy region. The discussion centred around such questions as 'What are the better theoretical models today?', and 'What experimental data are required to test the models?'. 23 items are indexed separately for the INIS database. (K.A.)

Direct determination of k Q factors for cylindrical and plane-parallel ionization chambers in high-energy electron beams from 6 MeV to 20 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Krauss, A.; Kapsch, R.-P.

2018-02-01

For the ionometric determination of the absorbed dose to water, D w, in high-energy electron beams from a clinical accelerator, beam quality dependent correction factors, k Q, are required. By using a water calorimeter, these factors can be determined experimentally and potentially with lower standard uncertainties than those of the calculated k Q factors, which are tabulated in various dosimetry protocols. However, one of the challenges of water calorimetry in electron beams is the small measurement depths in water, together with the steep dose gradients present especially at lower energies. In this investigation, water calorimetry was implemented in electron beams to determine k Q factors for different types of cylindrical and plane-parallel ionization chambers (NE2561, NE2571, FC65-G, TM34001) in 10 cm  ×  10 cm electron beams from 6 MeV to 20 MeV (corresponding beam quality index R 50 ranging from 1.9 cm to 7.5 cm). The measurements were carried out using the linear accelerator facility of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. Relative standard uncertainties for the k Q factors between 0.50% for the 20 MeV beam and 0.75% for the 6 MeV beam were achieved. For electron energies above 8 MeV, general agreement was found between the relative electron energy dependencies of the k Q factors measured and those derived from the AAPM TG-51 protocol and recent Monte Carlo-based studies, as well as those from other experimental investigations. However, towards lower energies, discrepancies of up to 2.0% occurred for the k Q factors of the TM34001 and the NE2571 chamber.

Direct determination of k Q factors for cylindrical and plane-parallel ionization chambers in high-energy electron beams from 6 MeV to 20 MeV.

Science.gov (United States)

Krauss, A; Kapsch, R-P

2018-02-06

For the ionometric determination of the absorbed dose to water, D w , in high-energy electron beams from a clinical accelerator, beam quality dependent correction factors, k Q , are required. By using a water calorimeter, these factors can be determined experimentally and potentially with lower standard uncertainties than those of the calculated k Q factors, which are tabulated in various dosimetry protocols. However, one of the challenges of water calorimetry in electron beams is the small measurement depths in water, together with the steep dose gradients present especially at lower energies. In this investigation, water calorimetry was implemented in electron beams to determine k Q factors for different types of cylindrical and plane-parallel ionization chambers (NE2561, NE2571, FC65-G, TM34001) in 10 cm  ×  10 cm electron beams from 6 MeV to 20 MeV (corresponding beam quality index R 50 ranging from 1.9 cm to 7.5 cm). The measurements were carried out using the linear accelerator facility of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. Relative standard uncertainties for the k Q factors between 0.50% for the 20 MeV beam and 0.75% for the 6 MeV beam were achieved. For electron energies above 8 MeV, general agreement was found between the relative electron energy dependencies of the k Q factors measured and those derived from the AAPM TG-51 protocol and recent Monte Carlo-based studies, as well as those from other experimental investigations. However, towards lower energies, discrepancies of up to 2.0% occurred for the k Q factors of the TM34001 and the NE2571 chamber.

Number transmission of 0.6 and 0.8MeV electrons in elemental materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harami, Taikan; Takagaki, Torao; Matsuda, Koji; Nakai, Yohta.

1975-01-01

The number transmissions of electrons in Be, Al, Cu and Ag were obtained experimentally for well collimated electron beams of 0.6 and 0.8 MeV. Experimental results of the present work join smoothly to the previous ones of 1.0 MeV to 2.0 MeV electrons. The ratios of extrapolated range Rsub(ex) to true range R 0 give generally minimum values near 1 MeV (approximately 2mc 2 ) as well as the stopping power. An investigation was done for empirical equation of the form eta=exp(-xP/CEsup(m)), where E is the incident electron energy, x, penetration depth, and p, C and m are the parameters determined from experimental data. (author)

Elastic scattering of polarized protons by 20Ne between 4.5 Mev and 5.5 Mev

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avila A, O.L.

1979-01-01

Starting with the study of 20 Ne(p,p) 20 nuclear reaction, we obtained information about the nuclear structure of 21 Na. The experiment was made at Notre Dame University; a target of 20 Ne was bombarded with polarized protons, changing the incident energy of them between 4.5 Mev and 5.5 Mev at intervals of 10 keV. Fourteen detectors were set covering angles from 35 degrees until 165 degrees, with intervals of 10 degrees each. In this form measurements for computing polarization and differential sections were obtained, with them an analysis of runnings of phase was made, and the parameters associated with two of the excited levels of the composed formed nucleous 21 Na, that are viewed as resonances in the section were settled; those resonances correspond to a level Psub(3/2) of energy excitation 6.877, a total width of 36 keV, and a level Fsub(7/2) of energy excitation 6.992 and total width of 48 keV. I hope that these results will be part of a set of values that will be utilized in order to confront them with the existent nuclear models. (author)

A comparison of 4 MeV Proton and Co-60 gamma irradiation induced degradation in the electrical characteristics of N-channel MOSFETs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anjum, Arshiya; Vinayakprasanna, N.H.; Pradeep, T.M. [Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006 (India); Pushpa, N. [Department of PG Studies in Physics, JSS College, Ooty Road, Mysore 570025 (India); Krishna, J.B.M. [IUC-DAE CSR, Kolkota 700098 (India); Gnana Prakash, A.P., E-mail: gnanaprakash@physics.uni-mysore.ac.in [Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006 (India)

2016-07-15

N-channel depletion MOSFETs were irradiated with 4 MeV Proton and Co-60 gamma radiation in the dose range of 100 krad(Si) to 100 Mrad(Si). The electrical characteristics of MOSFET such as threshold voltage (V{sub th}), density of interface trapped charges (ΔN{sub it}), density of oxide trapped charges (ΔN{sub ot}), transconductance (g{sub m}), mobility (μ), leakage current (I{sub L}) and drain saturation current (I{sub D} {sub Sat}) were studied as a function of dose. A considerable increase in ΔN{sub it} and ΔN{sub ot} and decrease in V{sub th,}g{sub m}, μ, and I{sub D} {sub Sat} was observed after irradiation. The results of 4 MeV Proton irradiation were compared with that of Co-60 gamma radiation and it is found that the degradation is more for the devices irradiated with 4 MeV Protons when compared with the Co-60 gamma radiation. This indicates that Protons induce more trapped charges in the field oxide region when compared to the gamma radiation.

Shielding calculations for industrial 5/7.5MeV electron accelerators using the MCNP Monte Carlo Code

Science.gov (United States)

Peri, Eyal; Orion, Itzhak

2017-09-01

High energy X-rays from accelerators are used to irradiate food ingredients to prevent growth and development of unwanted biological organisms in food, and by that extend the shelf life of the products. The production of X-rays is done by accelerating 5 MeV electrons and bombarding them into a heavy target (high Z). Since 2004, the FDA has approved using 7.5 MeV energy, providing higher production rates with lower treatments costs. In this study we calculated all the essential data needed for a straightforward concrete shielding design of typical food accelerator rooms. The following evaluation is done using the MCNP Monte Carlo code system: (1) Angular dependence (0-180°) of photon dose rate for 5 MeV and 7.5 MeV electron beams bombarding iron, aluminum, gold, tantalum, and tungsten targets. (2) Angular dependence (0-180°) spectral distribution simulations of bremsstrahlung for gold, tantalum, and tungsten bombarded by 5 MeV and 7.5 MeV electron beams. (3) Concrete attenuation calculations in several photon emission angles for the 5 MeV and 7.5 MeV electron beams bombarding a tantalum target. Based on the simulation, we calculated the expected increase in dose rate for facilities intending to increase the energy from 5 MeV to 7.5 MeV, and the concrete width needed to be added in order to keep the existing dose rate unchanged.

50 MeV Run of the IOTA / FAST Electron Accelerator

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Edstrom Jr., D.; et al.

2017-02-02

The low-energy section of the photoinjector-based electron linear accelerator at the Fermilab Accelerator Science & Technology (FAST) facility was recently commissioned to an energy of 50 MeV. This linear accelerator relies primarily upon pulsed SRF acceleration and an optional bunch compressor to produce a stable beam within a large operational regime in terms of bunch charge, total average charge, bunch length, and beam energy. Various instrumentation was used to characterize fundamental properties of the electron beam including the intensity, stability, emittance, and bunch length. While much of this instrumentation was commissioned in a 20 MeV running period prior, some (including a new Martin- Puplett interferometer) was in development or pending installation at that time. All instrumentation has since been recommissioned over the wide operational range of beam energies up to 50 MeV, intensities up to 4 nC/pulse, and bunch structures from ~1 ps to more than 50 ps in length.

Measurement of the stopping power of water for carbon ions in the energy range of 1 MeV-6 MeV using the inverted Doppler-shift attenuation method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rahm, Johannes Martin

2016-10-31

Cancer therapy using carbon ions has gained increasing interest in the last decade due to its advantageous dose distributions. For the dosimetry and treatment planning, the accurate knowledge of the stopping power of water for carbon ions is of crucial importance. In the high energy region, the stopping power can be calculated rather accurately by means of the Bethe-Bloch formula. In the case of projectile velocities comparable to those of the valence electrons of the target, these calculations are subject to large uncertainties. There exist no experimental data for the stopping power of water for projectile energies prevailing in the so-called Bragg peak region. The currently available stopping power data for water are derived from measurements in water vapour or D{sub 2}O ice and, hence, neglect the dependence on the state of aggregation. The stopping power of water for charged particles is of high interest not only for practical applications but also to consider how physical and chemical state of the target influence the collisional energy transfer. For the measurement of the stopping power of water, the inverted Doppler-shift attenuation method was used in this work. This method has the advantage that the projectile itself is not needed to be detected and can be slowed down entirely in the target. In this method, the stopping power is determined from the Doppler-shift of the gamma-quanta emitted by projectiles during their slow down. This experiment can be performed at atmospheric pressure and consequently, the stopping power of water can be measured in its real physiological condition. In this work, the stopping power of water for carbon ions was measured for the first time in the energy range between 1 MeV and 6 MeV covering the kinetic energies of carbon ions in the Bragg peak region. The experimental method is presented in detail along with the design of the apparatus and of the data acquisition system. A comprehensive analysis of instrumental effects

Neutron-induced 2.2 MeV background in gamma ray telescopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zanrosso, E.M.; Long, J.L.; Zych, A.D.; White, R.S.; Hughes Aircraft Co., Los Angeles, CA)

1985-01-01

Neutron-induced gamma ray production is an important source of background in Compton scatter gamma ray telescopes where organic scintillator material is used. Most important is deuteron formation when atmospheric albedo and locally produced neutrons are thermalized and subsequently absorbed in the hydrogenous material. The resulting 2.2 MeV gamma line essentially represents a continuous isotropic source within the scintillator itself. Interestingly, using a scintillator material with a high hydrogen-to-carbon ratio to minimize the neutron-induced 4.4 MeV carbon line favors the np reaction. The full problem of neutron-induced background in Compton scatter telescopes has been previously discussed. Results are presented of observations with the University of California balloon-borne Compton scatter telescope where the 2.2 MeV induced line emission is prominently seen

Calibration in photon radiation fields with energies above 3 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bueermann, L.

1997-01-01

For determination of the response of dosemeters and dose ratemeters for photon energies above 3 MeV, the PTB uses reference radiation fields generated via the nuclear reactions 12 (p, p' γ) 12 C (4.4 MeV) and 19 F(p,αγ) 16 O (6-7 MeV). As a maximum, kerma rates of 1 mGy/h released in air can be achieved at 1 m distance from the target. The air kerma in the reference fields is determined with two different methods, i.e. by spectrometry using a Ge detector, and by ionometry using a graphite cavity ionisation chamber. The total uncertainty of the value determined for the air kerma (collision radiation) in the reference fields is 50% at a confidence level of 68.3%. (orig./CB) [de

On the Shores of the Revolution: Martín Luis Guzmán in Madrid (1915

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susana Quintanilla

2014-07-01

Full Text Available 1915 is considered a decisive year in world history. Underneath wartime plundering, eighteenth-century beliefs in social progress and human civilization collapsed, and other political and philosophical credos sprouted, while aesthetic avant-gardes created new forms of artistic and literary expression. That same year, from his exile in Madrid, Martín Luis Guzmán would define the coordinates that would guide his life, while trying to assimilate his recent experiences during the Mexican Revolution and make way as a writer, under the immediate protection of Alfonso Reyes and the far-away but determining one of Pedro Henríquez Ureña. Without abandoning his political vocation and remaining open to new trends, Guzmán drew up his own path, which would lead him alongside his mentors and to the forefront of literature in Spanish.

Exposure times and ratio of readings produced by irradiation of thermoluminescence dosemeters in PTB neutron standard fields between 0.1 MeV and 19 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jahr, R.; Guldbakke, S.; Cosack, M.

1979-06-01

6 LiF and 7 LiF thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD) irradiated in a standard field of monoenergetic neutrons (Esub(n) = 0.1 MeV to 19 MeV), respond as well to the photon as to the neutron component of this radiation field. The ratio of the two TLD readings as well as the duration of irradiation required to obtain a preset TLD reading are calculated as a function of the neutron energy. (orig.) [de

Ecology and distribution ofof Euseius finlandicus (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae in garden phytocenoses of Transcarpathian region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K. V. Shtymak

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The article describes the ecology and distribution of the species Eu. finlandicus Oudemans, 1915 (Parasitiformes, Phytoseiidae in the garden phytocenoses of Transcarpathian region. In Ukraine, such studies were conducted for the Forest-Steppe zone. The mites were collected during the period of 2012–2014. In total, nine settlements of Transcarpathian region were studied. On the researched territory Eu. finlandicus inhabits at least 26 species of plants. For the first time, the status of the species Eu. finlandicus is determined in acaro-complexes of the family Phytoseiidae in garden phytocenoses of Transcarpathian region. The indices of occurrence and dominance for this species are calculated. Species of plants on which Eu. finlandicus is present in garden phytocenoses of Transcarpathian region are described. Results of the study suggest that Eu. finlandicus is a common species in garden phytocenoses of Transcarpathian region. The results can become the theoretical basis for development of schemes aimed at enhancing the protective function of useful mites in phytocenoses of the Uzhgorod district.

Measurement of activation reaction rate distributions in a lead assembly bombarded with 500-MeV protons

CERN Document Server

Takada, H; Sasa, T; Tsujimoto, K; Yasuda, H

2000-01-01

Reaction rate distributions of various activation detectors such as the /sup nat/Ni(n, x)/sup 58/Co, /sup 197/Au(n,2n)/sup 196/Au, and /sup 197/Au(n,4n)/sup 194/Au reactions were measured to study the production and the transport of spallation neutrons in a lead assembly bombarded with protons of 500 MeV. The measured data were analyzed with the nucleon-meson transport code NMTC/JAERI combined with the MCNP4A code using the nuclide production cross sections based on the JENDL Dosimetry File and those calculated with the ALICE-F code. It was found that the NMTC/JAERI-MCNP4A calculations agreed well with the experiments for the low-energy-threshold reaction of /sup nat/Ni(n, x)/sup 58/Co. With the increase of threshold energy, however, the calculation underestimated the experiments, especially above 20 MeV. The reason for the disagreement can be attributed to the underestimation of the neutron yield in the tens of mega-electron-volt regions by the NMTC/JAERI code. (32 refs).

Evaluation of cross sections for neutron monitor reactions {sup 90}Zr(n,x){sup 89,88}Zr, {sup 88,87,86}Y from threshold to 100 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baosheng, Yu; Qingbiao, Shen; Dunjiu, Cai [Chinese Nuclear Data Center, Beijing, BJ (China)

1996-06-01

The cross sections for {sup 90}Zr(n,x){sup 89,88}Zr and {sup 90}Zr(n,x){sup 88,87,86}Y reactions in intermediate energy region are useful in neutron field monitor, safety and material damage research. Below 20 MeV, the evaluated cross sections for {sup 90}Zr(n,2n){sup 89}Zr reaction are recommended based on the recent experimental data, including the new measured results in CIAE (Above 20 MeV). The measured cross sections are still insufficient to do evaluation. So the evaluation for {sup 90}Zr(n,x){sup 89,88}Zr and {sup 90}Zr(n,x){sup 88,87,86}Y reactions from threshold to 100 MeV are based on experimental and calculated data. (2 figs.).

Loss of alpha-like MeV fusion products from TFTR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zweben, S.J.; Boivin, R.L.; Diesso, M.; Hayes, S.E.; Hendel, H.W.; Park, H.; Strachan, J.D.

1990-03-01

A detailed comparison between the observed and expected loss of alpha-like MeV fusion products in TFTR is presented. The D-D fusion products (mainly the 1 MeV triton) were measured with an 2-D imaging scintillation detector. The expected first-orbit loss was calculated with a simple Lorentz orbit code. In almost all cases the measured loss was consistent with the expected first-orbit loss model. Exceptions are noted for small major radius plasmas and during strong MHD activity. 37 refs., 28 figs

Operation of the APEX photoinjector accelerator at 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feldman, D.W.; Bender, S.C.; Byrd, D.A.; Carlsten, B.E.; Early, J.W.; Feldman, R.B.; Goldstein, J.C.; Martineau, R.L.; O'Shea, P.G.; Pitcher, E.J.; Schmitt, M.J.; Stein, W.E.; Wilke, M.D.; Zaugg, T.J.

1992-01-01

We have successfully operated the photoinjector and rf linear accelerator for the Los Alamos APEX free electron laser (FEL) at design energy, average macropulse current, and emittance. The accelerator, which operates at 1.3 GHz, consists of a 6 MeV photoinjector and three standing-wave structures with a total beam energy of 40 MeV. This paper presents performance characteristics of the APEX system. The results show that this technology is capable of providing reliable, high-peak current, ultra-high brightness electron beams

Coulomb dissociation of {sup 8}B at 254 A MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suemmerer, K; Boue, F; Baumann, T; Geissel, H; Hellstroem, M; Koczon, P; Schwab, E; Schwab, W; Senger, P; Surowiecz, A [Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt (Germany); Iwasa, N; Ozawa, A [Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt (Germany); [RIKEN Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Saitama (Japan); Surowka, G [Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt (Germany); [Jagiellonian Univ., Krakow (Poland). Inst. of Physics; Blank, B; Czajkowski, S; Marchand, C; Pravikoff, M S [Centre d` Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan, 33 (France); Foerster, A; Lauer, F; Oeschler, H; Speer, J; Sturm, C; Uhlig, F; Wagner, A [Technische Univ. Darmstadt (Germany); Gai, M [Connecticut Univ., Storrs, CT (United States). Dept. of Physics; Grosse, E [Inst. fuer Kern- und Hadronenphysik, Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Dresden (Germany); Kohlmeyer, B [Philipps Univ., Marburg (Germany). Fachbereich Physik; Kulessa, R; Walus, W [Jagiellonian Univ., Krakow (Poland). Inst. of Physics; Motobayashi, T [Rikkyo Univ., Tokyo (Japan). Dept. of Physics; Teranishi, T [RIKEN Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Saitama (Japan)

1998-06-01

As an alternative method for determining the astrophysical S-factor for the {sup 7}Be(p,{gamma}){sup 8}B reaction we have measured the Coulomb dissociation of {sup 8}B at 254 A MeV. From our preliminary results, we obtain good agreement with both the accepted direct-reaction measurements and the low-energy Coulomb dissociation study of Iwasa et al. performed at about 50 A MeV. (orig.)

Pb(n,2n) cross section at 14.1 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Delin

1991-01-01

Pb is a potential candidate for the neutron multiplier of the fusion reactor, so its (n, 2n) cross section at 14 MeV is of importance. This work is carried out to get a new evaluation of Pb (n,2n) cross section at 14.1 MeV for checking the angle-integrated neutron emission cross section. The equal weight averaged value 2252 +- 40 Mb is adopted in the evaluation

Neutron-capture cross-section measurements of 74Ge and 76Ge in the energy region 0.4-14.8 MeV for neutrinoless double β decay applications

Science.gov (United States)

Bhike, Megha; Tornow, Werner

2013-10-01

Fast neutron capture cross sections for the reactions 74Ge(n, γ)75Ge and 76Ge(n, γ)77Ge have been measured in the neutron energy region 0.4-14.8 MeV with the activation method. The results are important to identify backgrounds in the neutrinoless double- β decay experiments GERDA and MAJORANA, which use germanium as both source and detector. Isotopically enriched targets which consisted of 86% of 76Ge and 14% of 74Ge were irradiated with mono-energetic neutrons produced via 3H(p,n)3He, 2H(d,n)3He and 3H(d,n)4He reactions. The cross sections were determined relative to 197Au(n, γ)198Au, 115In(n,n')115mIn and 197Au(n,2n)196Au standard cross sections. The activities of the products were measured using high-resolution γ-ray spctroscopy. The present results are compared with the evaluated data from ENDF/B-VII.1 and TALYS.

Mass spectra and fusion cross sections for 20Ne+24Mg interaction at 55 and 85 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grotowski, K.; Belery, P.; Delbar, T.; El Masri, Y.; Gregoire, G.; Janssens, R.; Vervier, J.; Paic, G.; Albinska, M.; Albinski, J.; Kopta, S.; Kozik, T.; Planeta, R.

1981-01-01

Inclusive γ spectra from the 20 Ne+ 24 Mg interaction have been measured using 55- and 85-MeV 20 Ne ions. The identification of γ lines allows the determination of mass spectra in the region 12< or =A< or =43. Experimental results are compared with statistical model calculations. The total reaction and fusion cross sections are extracted. Cross sections for inelastic scattering, few nucleon transfers, and deep inelastic scattering are estimated

Calculation of neutron cross sections on iron up to 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arthur, E.D.; Young, P.G.

1980-01-01

The development of high energy d + Li neutron sources for fusion materials radiation damage studies will require neutron cross sections up to 40 MeV. Experimental data above 15 MeV are generally sparse or nonexistent, and reliance must be placed upon nuclear-model calculations to produce the needed cross sections. To satisfy such requirements for the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility (FMIT), neutron cross sections have been calculated for 54 56 Fe between 3 and 40 MeV. These results were joined to the existing ENDF/B-V evaluation below 3 MeV. In this energy range, most neutron reactions can be described using the Hauser-Feshbach statistical model with corrections for preequilibrium and direct-reaction effects. To properly use these models to obtain realistic cross sections, emphasis must be placed upon the determination of suitable input parameters (optical model sets, gamma-ray strength functions, level densities) valid over the energy range of the calculation. To do this, several types of independent data were used to arrive at consistent parameter sets as described

CHARACTERIZATION OF 27 MEV PROTON BEAM GENERATED BY TOP-IMPLART LINEAR ACCELERATOR.

Science.gov (United States)

De Angelis, C; Ampollini, A; Basile, E; Cisbani, E; Della Monaca, S; Ghio, F; Montereali, R M; Picardi, L; Piccinini, M; Placido, C; Ronsivalle, C; Soriani, A; Strigari, L; Trinca, E; Vadrucci, M

2018-01-29

The first proton linear accelerator for tumor therapy based on an actively scanned beam up to the energy of 150 MeV, is under development and construction by ENEA-Frascati, ISS and IFO, under the Italian TOP-IMPLART project. Protons up to the energy of 7 MeV are generated by a customized commercial injector operating at 425 MHz; currently three accelerating modules allow proton delivery with energy up to 27 MeV. Beam homogeneity and reproducibility were studied using a 2D ionizing chamber, EBT3 films, a silicon diode, MOSFETs, LiF crystals and alanine dosimetry systems. Measurements were taken in air with the detectors at ~1 m from the beam line exit window. The maximum energy impinging on the detectors surface was 24.1 MeV, an energy suitable for radiobiological studies. Results showed beam reproducibility within 5% and homogeneity within 4%, on a circular surface of 16 mm in diameter. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Crosslinking of commercial polyethylenes by 10 MeV electrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Singh, A.; Lopata, V.J.; Kremers, W.; Sze, Yu-keung

1995-08-01

Commercial polyethylenes were irradiated with 10 MeV electrons to induce crosslinking. The gel fraction data measured as a function of total dose suggests that crosslinking proceeds on irradiation, as expected. A number of the properties of the irradiated polyethylenes, such as the degree of oxidation, crystallinity and thermal degradation, were studied by Fourier transform infrared/photo acoustic spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and a pyrolysis technique coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results of this study suggest that commercial polyethylenes can be crosslinked to a gel fraction of ∼70%, required for wire and cable applications, by 10 MeV electrons. (author). 35 refs., 6 figs

Two-body photodisintegration of the deuteron from 100 to 800 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Crawford, R.; Ahrens, J.; Altieri, S.; Annand, J.R.M.; Anthony, I.; Audit, G.; Beck, R.; Braghieri, A.; D`Hose, N.; Hall, S.; Isbert, V.; Kellie, J.D.; Kerhoas, S.; MacCormick, M.; MacGeorge, J.C.; Medaglia, R.; Miller, G.J.; Murphy, L.Y.; Owens, R.O.; Pedroni, P.; Pinelli, T.; Tamas, G.; Wallace, P.A. [Glasgow Univ. (United Kingdom). Dept. of Phys. and Astron.]|[Mainz Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Kernphys.]|[INFN, Sezione di Pavia (Italy)]|[Pavia Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica]|[CEA-DAPNIA/SPhN, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France)

1996-06-24

The total and the differential cross sections for the D({gamma},p)n reaction have been measured over the photon energy range 100-800 MeV at the 855 MeV MAMI Microtron in Mainz. Using the large acceptance detector DAPHNE in conjunction with the Glasgow tagging spectrometer, high precision results with small systematic errors were obtained. The data are presented in the form of thirty-five angular distributions at c.m. proton angles between 30 {sup circle} -160 {sup circle} in 10 {sup circle} intervals and at photon energies in steps of 20 MeV. Previous experimental work is reassessed in the light of the present results and comparison with some recent theoretical calculations. (orig.).

Scalability of the LEU-Modified Cintichem Process: 3-MeV Van de Graaff and 35-MeV Electron Linear Accelerator Studies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rotsch, David A. [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Brossard, Tom [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Roussin, Ethan [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Quigley, Kevin [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Chemerisov, Sergey [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Gromov, Roman [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Jonah, Charles [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Hafenrichter, Lohman [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Tkac, Peter [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Krebs, John [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division; Vandegrift, George F. [Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Nuclear Engineering Division

2016-10-31

Molybdenum-99, the mother of Tc-99m, can be produced from fission of U-235 in nuclear reactors and purified from fission products by the Cintichem process, later modified for low-enriched uranium (LEU) targets. The key step in this process is the precipitation of Mo with α-benzoin oxime (ABO). The stability of this complex to radiation has been examined. Molybdenum-ABO was irradiated with 3 MeV electrons produced by a Van de Graaff generator and 35 MeV electrons produced by a 50 MeV/25 kW electron linear accelerator. Dose equivalents of 1.7–31.2 kCi of Mo-99 were administered to freshly prepared Mo-ABO. Irradiated samples of Mo-ABO were processed according to the LEU Modified-Cintichem process. The Van de Graaff data indicated good radiation stability of the Mo-ABO complex up to ~15 kCi dose equivalents of Mo-99 and nearly complete destruction at doses >24 kCi Mo-99. The linear accelerator data indicate that even at 6.2 kCi of Mo-99 equivalence of dose, the sample lost ~20% of Mo-99. The 20% loss of Mo-99 at this low dose may be attributed to thermal decomposition of the product from the heat deposited in the sample during irradiation.

Measurement of neutron yield by 62 MeV proton beam on a thick beryllium target

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Osipenko, M., E-mail: osipenko@ge.infn.it [INFN, sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova (Italy); Ripani, M. [INFN, sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova (Italy); Alba, R. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania (Italy); Ricco, G. [INFN, sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova (Italy); Schillaci, M. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania (Italy); Barbagallo, M. [INFN, sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari (Italy); Boccaccio, P. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, 35020 Legnaro (Italy); Celentano, A. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Università di Genova, 16146 Genova (Italy); Colonna, N. [INFN, sezione di Bari, 70126 Bari (Italy); Cosentino, L.; Del Zoppo, A.; Di Pietro, A. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania (Italy); Esposito, J. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, 35020 Legnaro (Italy); Figuera, P.; Finocchiaro, P. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania (Italy); Kostyukov, A. [Moscow State University, Moscow 119992 (Russian Federation); Maiolino, C.; Santonocito, D.; Scuderi, V. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, 95123 Catania (Italy); Viberti, C.M. [Dipartimento di Fisica dell' Università di Genova, 16146 Genova (Italy)

2013-09-21

The design of a low-power prototype of neutron amplifier recently proposed within the INFN-E project indicated the need for more accurate data on the neutron yield produced by a proton beam with energy of about 70 MeV impinging on a thick beryllium target. Such measurement was performed at the LNS superconducting cyclotron, covering a wide angular range from 0° to 150° and a complete neutron energy interval from thermal to beam energy. Neutrons with energy above 0.5 MeV were measured by liquid scintillators exploiting their time of flight to determine the kinetic energy. For lower energy neutrons, down to thermal energy, a {sup 3}He detector was used. The obtained data are in good agreement with previous measurements at 0° using 66 MeV proton beam, covering neutron energies >10MeV, as well as with measurements at few selected angles using protons of 46, 55 and 113 MeV energy. The present results extend the neutron yield data in the 60–70 MeV beam energy range. A comparison of measured yields to MCNP, FLUKA and Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations was performed.

Kerma factors and reaction cross sections for n + 12C between 15 and 18 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tornow, W.; Chen, Z.M.; Baird, K.; Walter, R.L.

1988-01-01

Differential elastic and inelastic (4.44 MeV) neutron scattering cross sections from 12 C are presented at 15.6, 16.8 and 17.3 MeV. The existing 18.2 MeV differential cross-section data were combined with newly measured analysing power data to parametrise neutron scattering at this energy. The 12 C recoil kerma factors were calculated and reaction cross sections were obtained from a phase-shift analysis and coupled channel analyses in the 15.6-18.2 MeV energy range. (author)

The RF system for the 70 MeV linac injector

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Planner, C.W.

1975-12-01

The Radio Frequency System for the 70 MeV Linac Injector for Nimrod is required to power the four Accelerating Cavities and the Buncher and Debuncher Cavities. The frequency of operation is 202.5 MHz and is determined by the use of existing equipment from the redundant 50 MeV Proton Linac for the second and third accelerating cavities and the buncher and de-buncher cavities. The subject is discussed under the following headings: low power drive chain; RF feed lines; cavity field level stabilisation. Circuit diagrams are presented. (U.K.)

Design of the MYRRHA 17-600 MeV Superconducting Linac

CERN Document Server

Biarrotte, J-L; Bouly, F; Carneiro, J-P; Vandeplassche, D

2013-01-01

The goal of the MYRRHA project is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of transmutation in a 100MWth Accelerator Driven System (ADS) by building a new flexible irradiation complex in Mol (Belgium). The MYRRHA facility requires a 600 MeV accelerator delivering a maximum proton flux of 4 mA in continuous operation, with an additional requirement for exceptional reliability. This paper will briefly describe the beam dynamics design of the main superconducting linac section which covers the 17 to 600 MeV energy range and requires enhanced fault-tolerance capabilities.

Neutron scattering differential cross sections of carbon and bismuth at 37 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Zuying; Tang Hongqing; Qi Bujia; Zhou Chenwei; Du Yanfeng; Xia Haihong; Walter, R.L.; Tornow, W.; Howell, C.; Braun, R.; Roper, C.; Chen Zemin; Chen Zhengpeng; Chen Yingtang

1997-01-01

Elastic differential cross sections of 37 MeV neutrons scattered from carbon and bismuth were measured in the angular range 11 to 160 degrees by means of the multi-detector TOF facility. The 37 MeV neutrons were produced via the T(d,n) 4 He reaction in a tritium gas target. The pulsed 20 MeV deuteron beam was provided by the HI-13 tandem accelerator. The angular distribution of scattered neutrons from carbon and bismuth were measured in the angular range 11 degree to 145 degree and 11 degree to 160 degree respectively in steps of about 3 degree

Clandestinidad, fiscalidad y tolerancia: el opio en el discurso oficial, Mexicali, México 1915-1916

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zinnia V. Capó Valdivia

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza el discurso oficial relacionado con la fiscalidad del comercio y consumo de opio en Mexicali, Baja California. Se centra en el impuesto a fábricas de opio y pago por importación del narcótico que el jefe político del Distrito Norte de la Baja California, Esteban Cantú, decretó en 1915. Este impuesto contrarió disposiciones federales y acuerdos internacionales. Se analiza el contexto sociopolítico y cultural que favoreció la implementación, aunque por breve tiempo, de esta política fiscal. Se pone especial atención a los significados intersubjetivos que acompañaron a las políticas y declaraciones de las autoridades gubernamentales. A partir de ello, se identifican prejuicios de raza, xenofobia/nacionalismo y nociones “científicas” (degeneracionismo utilizados para justificar una “tolerancia” institucionalizada al comercio de opio en Mexicali.

El mártir armenio: La construcción política de una figura ejemplar después del genocidio (1915-1918)

OpenAIRE

Antaramián Salas, Carlos

2008-01-01

La figura ejemplar del mártir ha tenido un papel fundamental en la política de memoria estructurada por las comunidades armenias después del genocidio (1915-1918); funge como imagen de honra nacional que ayuda al mantenimiento de la identidad armenia en espacios de asimilación (países anfitriones de la diáspora). En este artículo presento las transformaciones por las cuales ha transitado esta figura a partir de su puesta en escena cada 24 de abril, fecha de conmemoración del genocidio que se ...

El mártir armenio: la construcción política de una figura ejemplar después del genocidio (1915-1918

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Antaramián Salas

2008-06-01

Full Text Available La figura del mártir ha tenido un papel fundamental en la política de memoria estructurada por las comunidades armenias después del genocidio (1915-1918; funge como imagen de honra nacional que ayuda al mantenimiento de la identidad armenia en espacios de asimilación (países anfitriones de la diáspora. En este artículo presento las transformaciones por las cuales ha transitado esta figura a partir de su puesta en escena cada 24 de abril, fecha de conmemoración del genocidio.

Population ecology of the planktonic shrimp Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea, Sergestoidea, Luciferidae of the southeastern coast of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah de Souza Alves Teodoro

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Luciferid shrimps have short life spans and a rapid turnover of generations, engage in sequential spawning, and protect their eggs during incubation. This study investigates the ecology of Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 in the littoral zone, Ubatuba region, São Paulo. Sampling was conducted monthly from July 2005 to December 2006 using a Renfro net trawled over a distance of 50 m for a total sampling effort of 50 m² at each station. Nine stations were sampled, ranging from 1 to 15 m deep. Three stations each were grouped into zones 1, 2 and 3 (Z1, Z2 and Z3. Monthly values of salinity, temperature and rainfall were recorded at each station. The pre-buccal somite length (SL of each specimen was measured. The results showed that in shallower zones (Z1 and Z2, 6306 individuals were captured, whereas in the deeper zone (Z3, 3808 specimens were captured, but no significant differences in SL was detected between the specimens from Z1 and Z2 and those from Z3 (ANOVA, p=0.25. The abundance of shrimps did not differ significantly between seasons (Tukey's test, p=0.02 except in the spring. The sex ratio differed significantly over the seasons (χ², pEste estudo analisa a ecologia de Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 em Ubatuba, São Paulo. Os indivíduos foram coletados mensalmente de julho de 2005 a dezembro de 2006, com uma rede de Renfro, arrastada por uma distância de 50 m, totalizando um esforço amostral de 50 m² em cada ponto de coleta. Nove pontos foram amostrados, variando de 1 a 15 m de profundidade. Cada 3 pontos foram agrupados em 3 zonas (Z1, Z2 e Z3. Os valores de salinidade, temperatura e pluviosidade foram registrados mensalmente em cada transecto. Os espécimes foram medidos quanto ao comprimento do somito pré-bucal (SL. Os resultados mostram que nas zonas mais rasas (Z1 e Z2 foram coletados 6306 indivíduos, enquanto que na mais profunda (Z3 obteve-se 3808 espécimes, não havendo diferença estatística entre as zonas (ANOVA, p=0

Software of the System Protection for the PEFP 20MeV Proton Linac

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, Young-Gi; Hong, In-Seok; Cho, Yong-Sub

2007-01-01

A 20 MeV proton linear accelerator (linac) has been developed at Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP). A 20 MeV linac consists of 50 keV proton injector, 3 MeV radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), and 20 MeV drift tube linac (DTL). PEFP control system is developed with several sub-systems (e.g. machine control, diagnostic control, timing control, and interlock systems). These systems have each EPICS based control system which provides a network-based real time distributed control. For stable and harmonic operation, we had developed sequential logic by using state notation language (SNL) and database records with alarm fields for warning signal. The various control system can drop a transmission rate of the control network traffic. We need to manage control signals by a control network gateway and protect values of control servers by security management. In this paper, the stabilization methods of the control signals are described and the results of the stabilized signals are presented

Structural, thermal and optical behavior of 84 MeV oxygen and 120 MeV silicon ions irradiated PES

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Samra, Kawaljeet Singh; Thakur, Sonika; Singh, Lakhwant

2011-01-01

In order to study structural, thermal and optical behavior, thin flat samples of polyethersulfone were irradiated with oxygen and silicon ions. The changes in properties were analyzed using different techniques viz: X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared, UV-visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy. A noticeable increase in the intensity of X-ray diffraction peaks was observed after irradiation with 84 MeV oxygen ions at low and medium fluences, which may be attributed to radiation-induced cross-linking in polymer. Fourier transform infrared and thermo-gravimetric analysis corroborated the results of X-ray diffraction analysis. No noticeable change in the Fourier transform infrared spectra of oxygen ion irradiated polyethersulfone were observed even at the highest fluence of 1 x 10 13 ions cm -2 , but after irradiation with silicon ions, a reduction in intensity of almost all characteristic bands was revealed. An increase in the activation energy of decomposition of polyethersulfone was observed after irradiation with 84 MeV oxygen ions up to medium fluences but degradation was revealed at higher fluences. Similar trends were observed by photoluminescence analysis.

Attenuation of 10 MeV electron beam energy to achieve low doses does not affect Salmonella spp. inactivation kinetics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hieke, Anne-Sophie Charlotte; Pillai, Suresh D.

2015-01-01

The effect of attenuating the energy of a 10 MeV electron beam on Salmonella inactivation kinetics was investigated. No statistically significant differences were observed between the D 10 values of either Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- or a Salmonella cocktail (S. 4,[5],12:i:-, Salmonella Heidelberg, Salmonella Newport, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella) when irradiated with either a non-attenuated 10 MeV eBeam or an attenuated 10 MeV eBeam (~2.9±0.22 MeV). The results show that attenuating the energy of a 10 MeV eBeam to achieve low doses does not affect the inactivation kinetics of Salmonella spp. when compared to direct 10 MeV eBeam irradiation. - Highlights: • 10 MeV eBeam energy was attenuated to 2.9±0.22 MeV using HDPE sheets. • Attenuation of eBeam energy does not affect the inactivation kinetics of Salmonella. • Microbial inactivation is independent of eBeam energy in the range of 3–10 MeV

Elastic Neutron Scattering at 96 MeV from {sup 12}C and {sup 208}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klug, J.; Blomgren, J.; Atac, A. [and others

2003-04-01

A facility for detection of scattered neutrons in the energy interval 50-130 MeV, SCANDAL (SCAttered Nucleon Detection AssembLy), has recently been installed at the 20-180 MeV neutron beam line of the The Svedberg Laboratory, Uppsala. Elastic neutron scattering from {sup 12}C and {sup 208}Pb has been studied at 96 MeV in the 10-70 deg interval. The achieved energy resolution, 3.7 MeV, is about an order of magnitude better than for any previous experiment above 65 MeV incident energy. The present experiment represents the highest neutron energy where the ground state has been resolved from the first excited state in neutron scattering. A novel method for normalization of the absolute scale of the cross section has been used. The estimated uncertainty, 3 %, is unprecedented for a neutron-induced differential cross section measurement on a nuclear target. The results are compared with modern optical model predictions, based on phenomenology or microscopic nuclear theory.

In vitro activation of bone with 14 MeV neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holmberg, P.; Hyvoenen, M.; Tarvainen, M.

1978-01-01

Samples of compact bone, bone marrow and spongiosa of cow femur have been irradiated in vitro with 14 MeV neutrons. The Ca/P ratio for compact bone was found to be 2.16+-0.24. The suitability of using 14 MeV neutrons and the 31 P(n, α) 28 Al reaction for studying the bone mineral composition in vitro is discussed. It was demonstrated that 14 MeV neutrons can be used for the determination of calcium and phosphorus in bone with the aid of the 44 Ca(n, p) 44 K and 31 P(n, α) 28 Al reactions, respectively. As the Ca/P ratio for compact bone is known, the calcium content can be deduced indirectly from a determination of the phosphorus. This method has the advantage of not requiring moderator materials, as in the case when the 48 Ca(n, γ) 49 Ca reaction is employed. The half-life of the 28 Al activity is short (T=2.243 m) so that only short irradiation times are necessary. (T.G.)

Study of tapered glass capillary focusing MeV ion beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong Zhiyu; Yan Sha; Ma Hongji; Nie Rui; Xue Jianming; Wang Yugang

2012-01-01

In recent years, tapered glass capillary ion beam focusing is developing rapidly. It is attractive for simple, compact, low cost and easy use. However, the focusing mechanism for MeV ion beams is still indistinct. We present several experimental results of focusing 2 MeV He + beam. Ion beams were focused by tapered glass capillaries with various outlet inner diameters from several micron to hundred micron. The current densities, angle divergences and energy spectra of the transmitted ion beams are measured. The results proved that 2 MeV He + ions can focused and guided by our capillaries. The energy spectra show that a great part of transmitted ions experienced obvious energy loss, which is different from results of others research groups. We discussed the reason and charged it to the larger incident angle. Considered the incident ions with larger incident angle, the charge will distribute in a layer of micro meter depth in the capillary’s inner wall, but not the surface. The energy loss and many other spectra characters can be explained in this way.

Ground level cosmic ray pulse height spectrum of a 7. 5 cm diameter spherical NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for energy region below 5 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagaoka, Toshi; Saito, Kimiaki; Moriuchi, Shigeru

1988-09-01

Ground level cosmic ray pulse height spectrum of a 7.5 cm diameter spherical NaI(Tl) scintillation detector was evaluated through stripping operation based on a pulse height spectrum measured on the sea and high precision response functions of the detector for U-series, Th-series and /sup 40/K. The exposure rate calculated from the determined cosmic ray pulse height spectrum was 0.21 R/h eq., which agreed well with that obtained from another method. The shape of the pulse height spectrum showed similarity to that measured at the altitude of 16,000 ft, especially in the energy region of 0 to 3 MeV. The principle of the adopted method is rather plain, however, the reliability of the spectrum is satisfactory. As the pulse height spectrum is a common information to any analytical method for environmental gamma ray using NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, it is expected to be used for simple and precise separation of cosmic ray component involved in the enviromental pulse height spectrum.

Ground level cosmic ray pulse height spectrum of a 7.5 cm diameter spherical NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for energy region below 5 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagaoka, Toshi; Saito, Kimiaki; Moriuchi, Shigeru

1988-01-01

Ground level cosmic ray pulse height spectrum of a 7.5 cm diameter spherical NaI(Tl) scintillation detector was evaluated through stripping operation based on a pulse height spectrum measured on the sea and high precision response functions of the detector for U-series, Th-series and 40 K. The exposure rate calculated from the determined cosmic ray pulse height spectrum was 0.21 μR/h eq., which agreed well with that obtained from another method. The shape of the pulse height spectrum showed similarity to that measured at the altitude of 16,000 ft, especially in the energy region of 0 to 3 MeV. The principle of the adopted method is rather plain, however, the reliability of the spectrum is satisfactory. As the pulse height spectrum is a common information to any analytical method for environmental gamma ray using NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, it is expected to be used for simple and precise separation of cosmic ray component involved in the enviromental pulse height spectrum. (author)

Partial-wave analysis of the reaction K−p → $\\lambda$ (1815) $\\pi$ between threshold and 2170 MeV

CERN Document Server

Litchfield, P J; Baillon, Paul; Albrecht, H; Burkhardt, E E; Hemingway, Richard J

1974-01-01

The reaction K/sup -/p to Lambda (1815) pi /sup 0/ to K/sup -/p pi /sup 0/ is found to be dominated by the formation of the 7/2/sup +/ Sigma (2030) with an amplitude at resonance of 0.18+or-0.04. (5 refs).

Residual Nuclides Induced in Cu Target by a 250 MeV Proton Beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Hong-Bin; Zhang Xue-Ying; Ma Fei; Ju Yong-Qin; Ge Hong-Lin; Chen Liang; Zhang Yan-Bin; Li Yan-Yan; Luo Peng; Wang Jian-Guo; Wan Bo; Xu Xiao-Wei; Wei Ji-Fang; Zhou Bin

2015-01-01

Residual nuclide production is studied experimentally by bombarding a Cu target with a 250 MeV proton beam. The data are measured by the off-line γ-spectroscopy method. Six nuclides are identified and their cross sections are determined. The corresponding calculated results by the MCNPX and GEANT4 codes are compared with the experimental data to check the validity of the codes. A comparison shows that the MCNPX simulation has a better agreement with the experiment. The energy dependence of residual nuclide production is studied with the aid of MCNPX simulation, and it is found that the mass yields for the nuclides in the light mass region increase significantly with the proton energy. (paper)

Tritium production in thorium by 135 MeV protons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lefort, M.; Simonoff, G.; Tarrago, X.; Bibron, R.

1960-01-01

We have measured the cross-section of tritium production by bombardment of thorium by 135 MeV protons in the Orsay synchro-cyclotron. The tritium was separated from the targets by heating in a graphite crucible with a high-frequency generator, under hydrogen gas pressure. Tritiated water was synthesised and the tritium was measured with liquid scintillator. A value of 19.5 ± 0.05 mbarns was obtained for the tritium-cross section and ten percent of tritons have energies higher than 35 MeV. This large cross-section is attributed to a double pick-up process. Reprint of a paper published in Le Journal de Physique et le Radium, t. 20, p. 959, dec 1959 [fr

A direct electron detector for time-resolved MeV electron microscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vecchione, T.; Denes, P.; Jobe, R. K.; Johnson, I. J.; Joseph, J. M.; Li, R. K.; Perazzo, A.; Shen, X.; Wang, X. J.; Weathersby, S. P.; Yang, J.; Zhang, D.

2017-03-01

The introduction of direct electron detectors enabled the structural biology revolution of cryogenic electron microscopy. Direct electron detectors are now expected to have a similarly dramatic impact on time-resolved MeV electron microscopy, particularly by enabling both spatial and temporal jitter correction. Here we report on the commissioning of a direct electron detector for time-resolved MeV electron microscopy. The direct electron detector demonstrated MeV single electron sensitivity and is capable of recording megapixel images at 180 Hz. The detector has a 15-bit dynamic range, better than 30-μmμm spatial resolution and less than 20 analogue-to-digital converter count RMS pixel noise. The unique capabilities of the direct electron detector and the data analysis required to take advantage of these capabilities are presented. The technical challenges associated with generating and processing large amounts of data are also discussed.

Test of time reversal invariance in p-p elastic scattering at 198.5 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davis, C.A.; Greeniaus, L.G.; Moss, G.A.

1986-01-01

A precise measurement of the polarization-analyzing power difference in p-p elastic scattering has been made at 198.5 MeV to improve the experimental limits on time reversal violation in proton-proton scattering in this energy region. The experiment was performed in a kinematic regime where sensitivities to time reversal violating amplitudes should be high. Experimental methods which eliminated the need to refer to absolute values of the beam polarization or to the analyzing power of a polarimeter were used. The result is (P-A) = 0.0047 with a statistical uncertainty of +- 0.0025 and a systematic uncertainty of +- 0.0015

Environmental Values (2-MEV and Appreciation of Nature

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Franz X. Bogner

2018-01-01

Full Text Available When monitoring the long history of empirical instruments for environmental attitude measurement, the Two Major Environmental Value model (2-MEV with its two higher order factors: Preservation (PRE and Utilization (UTL has repeatedly and independently been confirmed. PRE assesses preferences towards conservation of nature and the environment, whilst UTL measures preferences towards utilization/exploitation of nature. The latter, however, does not yet include the positive aspects of benefitting from the (enjoyable use of nature. Consequently, besides the established 2-MEV-battery, additional items from an “Appreciation of Nature” (APR scale were applied to an Irish sample of 289 secondary school students (age: M = 14.3 years. Responses to the altogether 30-item battery were applied on an oblique rotation by using the Promax procedure: UTL and PRE appeared as orthogonally related factors, APR correlated to PRE with 0.283. Based on loading scores, the item number for each subscale was further reduced to make the analysis more manageable in educational outreach sites; on those sites, where completing questionnaires may well be quite unpopular, they are very much needed for planning and fine-tuning educational programs. Therefore, extending the 2-MEV scale with an added scale for Appreciation may help: (i to judge participants’ feedback for adjusting/balancing program contents better; and (ii to promote appreciation as a successful strategy for shifting individuals away from their individual exploitative preferences.

Diffusion of alpha-like MeV ions in TFTR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boivin, R.L.; Zweben, S.J.; Chang, C.S.; Hammett, G.; Mynick, H.E.; White, R.B.

1991-01-01

Single particle confinement of alpha particles is of crucial importance in reactor-grade tokamaks like BPX and ITER. Besides the well-known process of first-orbit losses, mechanisms that could lead to significant loss of alpha particles are turbulence-induced diffusion and toroidal field ripple stochastic diffusion. These two mechanisms have been separately studied in TFTR using two different detectors (one at the bottom of the machine and the other near the outer midplane) which can detect escaping charged fusion products, namely the 1 MeV triton and the 3 MeV proton in D-D plasmas (and also the 3.5 MeV alpha in D-T). The main difficulty in this type of experiment lies in the necessity of distinguishing the diffusion process from the always-present first-orbit loss-process. In this paper, we show how these two processes can be distinguished using the pitch-angle discrimination of the detectors. The pitch-angle is defined here as the angle of the particle trajectory with respect to the toroidal direction and so is a measure of the ion magnetic moment, μ. Results obtained at the midplane would be the first reported evidence of TF ripple diffusion in a tokamak. (author) 3 refs., 2 figs

Conceptual design of 30 MeV magnet system used for BNCT epithermal neutron source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slamet Santosa; Taufik

2015-01-01

Conceptual design of 30 MeV Magnet System Used for BNCT Epithermal Neutron Source has been done based on methods of empirical model of basic equation, experiences of 13 MeV cyclotron magnet design and personal communications. In the field of health, cyclotron can be used as an epithermal neutron source for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). The development of cyclotron producing epithermal neutrons for BNCT has been performed at Kyoto University, of which it produces a proton beam current of 1.1 mA with energy of 30 MeV. With some experiences on 13 MeV cyclotron magnet design, to support BNCT research and development we performed the design studies of 30 MeV cyclotron magnet system, which is one of the main components of the cyclotron for deflecting proton beam into circular trajectory and serves as beam focusing. Results of this study are expected to define the parameters of particular cyclotron magnet. The scope of this study includes the study of the parameters component of the 30 MeV cyclotron and magnet initial parameters. The empirical method of basic equation model is then corroborated by a simulation using Superfish software. Based on the results, a 30 MeV cyclotron magnet for BNCT neutron source enables to be realized with the parameters of B 0 = 1.06 T, frequency RF = 64.733938 ≈ 65 MHz, the external radius of 0.73 m, the radius of the polar = 0.85 m, BH = 1.95 T and a gap hill of 4 cm. Because proton beam current that be needed for BNCT application is very large, then in the calculation it is chosen a great focusing axial νz = 0.630361 which can generate B V = 0.44 T. (author)

Design and performance of a 3.3-MeV linear induction accelerator (LIA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cheng Nianan; Zhang Shouyun; Tao Zucong

1992-01-01

A 3.3-MeV linear induction accelerator (LIA) has been designed and constructed at the China Academy of Engineering Physics. The parameters of 3.4 MeV, 2 kA, 80 ns and 1 x 10 4 A/(rad.cm) 2 have been achieved. It has been used for SG-1 FEL experiments. The accelerator is mounted on a movable frame so that , after moving 3 m transversely, it can be assembled with more modules into a 10-MeV LIA. The authors summarize the physics and engineering aspects of the LIA facility and describe the measuring means of characters for the beam

A possible approach to 14MeV neutron moderation: A preliminary study case.

Science.gov (United States)

Flammini, D; Pilotti, R; Pietropaolo, A

2017-07-01

Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) interactions produce almost monochromatic neutrons with about 14MeV energy. These neutrons are used in benchmark experiments as well as for neutron cross sections assessment in fusion reactors technology. The possibility to moderate 14MeV neutrons for purposes beyond fusion is worth to be studied in relation to projects of intense D-T sources. In this preliminary study, carried out using the MCNP Monte Carlo code, the moderation of 14MeV neutrons is approached foreseeing the use of combination of metallic materials as pre-moderator and reflectors coupled to standard water moderators. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

7.5 MeV High Average Power Linear Accelerator System for Food Irradiation Applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eichenberger, Carl; Palmer, Dennis; Wong, Sik-Lam; Robison, Greg; Miller, Bruce; Shimer, Daniel

2005-09-01

In December 2004 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of 7.5 MeV X-rays for irradiation of food products. The increased efficiency for treatment at 7.5 MeV (versus the previous maximum allowable X-ray energy of 5 MeV) will have a significant impact on processing rates and, therefore, reduce the per-package cost of irradiation using X-rays. Titan Pulse Sciences Division is developing a new food irradiation system based on this ruling. The irradiation system incorporates a 7.5 MeV electron linear accelerator (linac) that is capable of 100 kW average power. A tantalum converter is positioned close to the exit window of the scan horn. The linac is an RF standing waveguide structure based on a 5 MeV accelerator that is used for X-ray processing of food products. The linac is powered by a 1300 MHz (L-Band) klystron tube. The electrical drive for the klystron is a solid state modulator that uses inductive energy store and solid-state opening switches. The system is designed to operate 7000 hours per year. Keywords: Rf Accelerator, Solid state modulator, X-ray processing

Tests of the GIC and Measurements of Angular Distributions and Energy Spectra for 58Ni（n,p）58Co Reaction at 4.1 MeV

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Yu.M.Gledenov; M.Sedysheva; G.Khuukhenkhuu

1997-01-01

<正>On the basis of measurements of double differential cross sections for （n,α） reactions in 5-7 MeV neutron energy region using gridded ionization chamber （GIC）, we constructed a new GIC which, compared with the old ones, can bear higher pressure and makes it possible to measure （n,p） reactions up to 6 MeV and （n,xα） reactions up to 20 MeV. To test the new chamber, the saturation property for argon and krypton mixed with a few percent CO2 was studied using 241Am and compound Pu α source and tritium from 6Li(nth,t)4He, and the two dimensional spectra for 241Am and Pu α source, 6Li(nth,t)4He and H（n,p） reactions were measured. The measured energy spectra and angular distributions for α and tritium are reasonable, and the derived data for α, proton and tritium in argon and krypton from the measured spectra data were compared with the calculated ones. They are in good agreement. The angular distributions and energy spectra for 58Ni（n,p）58Co reaction at 4.1 MeV neutron energy were m

Measurement of (n,Xn) reaction cross sections at 96 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sagrado Garcia, Melle Inmaculada C.

2006-10-01

Nucleon induced reactions in the 20-200 MeV energy range are intensively studied since a long time. The evaporation and the pre-equilibrium processes correspond to an important contribution of the production cross section in these reactions. Several theoretical approaches have been proposed and their predictions must be tested. The experimental results shown in this work are the only complete set of data for the (n,Xn) reactions in this energy range. Neutron double differential cross section measurements using lead and iron targets for an incident neutron beam at 96 MeV were carried out at TSL Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden. The measurements have been performed for the first time with an energy threshold of 2 MeV and for a wide angular range (15 angle - 98 angle). Neutrons have been detected using two independent setups, DECOI and DEMON and CLODIA and SCANDAL, in order to cover the whole energy range (2-100) MeV. The angular distributions, the differential cross sections and the total inelastic production cross sections have been calculated using the double differential cross sections. The comparison between the experimental data and the predictions given by two of the most popular simulation codes, GEANT3 and MCNPX, have been performed, as well as the comparison with the predictions of the microscopic simulation model DYWAN, selected for its treatment of nucleon-nucleon reactions. (author)

High-dose MeV electron irradiation of Si-SiO2 structures implanted with high doses Si+

Science.gov (United States)

Kaschieva, S.; Angelov, Ch; Dmitriev, S. N.

2018-03-01

The influence was studied of 22-MeV electron irradiation on Si-SiO2 structures implanted with high-fluence Si+ ions. Our earlier works demonstrated that Si redistribution is observed in Si+-ion-implanted Si-SiO2 structures (after MeV electron irradiation) only in the case when ion implantation is carried out with a higher fluence (1016 cm-2). We focused our attention on the interaction of high-dose MeV electron irradiation (6.0×1016 cm-2) with n-Si-SiO2 structures implanted with Si+ ions (fluence 5.4×1016 cm-2 of the same order magnitude). The redistribution of both oxygen and silicon atoms in the implanted Si-SiO2 samples after MeV electron irradiation was studied by Rutherford back-scattering (RBS) spectroscopy in combination with a channeling technique (RBS/C). Our results demonstrated that the redistribution of oxygen and silicon atoms in the implanted samples reaches saturation after these high doses of MeV electron irradiation. The transformation of amorphous SiO2 surface into crystalline Si nanostructures (after MeV electron irradiation) was evidenced by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Silicon nanocrystals are formed on the SiO2 surface after MeV electron irradiation. The shape and number of the Si nanocrystals on the SiO2 surface depend on the MeV electron irradiation, while their size increases with the dose. The mean Si nanocrystals height is 16-20 nm after irradiation with MeV electrons at the dose of 6.0×1016 cm-2.

Elastic scattering of 90 - 120 MeV 3He particles and unique optical potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hyakutake, M.; Matoba, M.; Kumabe, I.; Fukada, M.; Komatuzaki, T.

1978-01-01

The elastic scattering of 109.2 MeV 3 He particles by 40 Ca, 58 Ni, 90 Zr and 116 Sn has been investigated over a wide angular range. The elastic scattering cross sections have been analyzed in terms of the optical model. The data for each nucleus studied were sufficient to eliminate the discrete ambiguity in the strength of the optical potential; the unique potential which fits the data has real well depth of about 100 MeV and a corresponding volume integral per nucleon pair of about 310 MeV fm 3 . The elastic scattering of 3 He particles by 58 Ni has been further measured at bombarding energies of 89.3 and 118.5 MeV, and the incident-energy dependence of the optical potential of 3 He particles for 58 Ni was obtained. (author)

Three-dimensional simulation studies of 10 MeV, 352.2 MHz drift ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

It is proposed to build a drift tube Linac (DTL) at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, India, that will form a part of the future Spallation Neutron Source. This DTL will accelerate 30 mA H-ion beam from 3 MeV to 10 MeV. The DTL is designed to operate at 352.2 MHz with a maximum duty cycle of 3%.

High-resolution observation of phase contrast at 1MeV. Amorphous or crystalline objects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bourret, A.; Desseaux, J.

1975-01-01

Many authors have stressed the possibilities of high voltage to improve resolution, but owing to numerous experimental difficulties the resolution limit at 1MeV, which lies around 1A for conventional lenses, has so far been unattainable. Thus the phase contrast at 1MeV has not been studied on evaporated objects. On the other hand the fringes of crystal planes have been observed at 1MeV. the CEN-G microscope having been considerably modified it has been possible to observe the phase contrast of amorphous or crystalline objects [fr

Nuclear size comparison of even titanium isotopes using 140-MeV α-particle scattering

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roberson, P.L.; Goldberg, D.A.; Wall, N.S.; Woo, L.W.; Chen, H.L.

1979-01-01

Systematic variations in nuclear-matter distributions have been determined by analyzing the measured elastic scattering of 140-MeV alpha particles from /sup 46,48,50/Ti. The ''unique'' optical potentials obtained (J/sub R//4A approx. = 300 MeV fm 3 , J/sub I//4A approx. = 100 MeV fm 3 ) indicate that isotopic differences occur primarily in the strength of the imaginary potential. The rms matter radii increase with A, in contrast to those of the charge distributions. The matter-radius results are in agreement with Hartree-Fock calculations

Correlated analysis of 2 MeV proton-induced radiation damage in CdZnTe crystals using photoluminescence and thermally stimulated current techniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gu, Yaxu [State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Jie, Wanqi, E-mail: jwq@nwpu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Rong, Caicai [Institute of Modern Physics, Applied Ion Beam Physics Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Wang, Yuhan; Xu, Lingyan; Xu, Yadong [State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Lv, Haoyan; Shen, Hao [Institute of Modern Physics, Applied Ion Beam Physics Laboratory, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China); Du, Guanghua [Materials Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Fu, Xu [State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072 (China); and others

2016-11-01

Highlights: • 2 MeV proton-induced radiation damage in CdZnTe crystals is investigated by PL and TSC techniques. • The influence of radiation damage on the luminescent and electrical properties of CdZnTe crystals is studied. • Intensity of PL spectrum is found to decrease significantly in irradiated regions, suggesting the increase of non-radiative recombination centers. • A correlated analysis of PL and TSC spectra suggests that the density of dislocations and A-centers increase after proton irradiation. - Abstract: Radiation damage induced by 2 MeV protons in CdZnTe crystals has been studied by means of photoluminescence (PL) and thermally stimulated current (TSC) techniques. A notable quenching of PL intensity is observed in the regions irradiated with a fluence of 6 × 10{sup 13} p/cm{sup 2}, suggesting the increase of non-radiative recombination centers. Moreover, the intensity of emission peak D{sub complex} centered at 1.48 eV dominates in the PL spectrum obtained from irradiated regions, ascribed to the increase of interstitial dislocation loops and A centers. The intensity of TSC spectra in irradiated regions decreases compared to the virgin regions, resulting from the charge collection inefficiency caused by proton-induced recombination centers. By comparing the intensity of identified traps obtained from numerical fitting using simultaneous multiple peak analysis (SIMPA) method, it suggests that proton irradiation under such dose can introduce high density of dislocation and A-centers in CdZnTe crystals, consistent with PL results.

Using 3.05 MeV resonance for determination of oxygen impurities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burkova, I.E.; Polyanskij, V.N.; Yatis, A.A.

1983-01-01

The method of determining oxygen impurities behind thin films using the isolated resonance in the 16 O(α, α) 16 O reaction at E=3.048 MeV with the width GITA approximately 20 keV, is considered. Cross section in resonance is σsUb(R) = 0.95 b apd it increases cross section of Rutherford scattering by the factor of 25. The conclusion is made on the possibility of using 3.048 MeV resonance when investigating Me-Si film structures

MEV Energy Electrostatic Accelerator Ion Beam Emittance Measurement

OpenAIRE

I.G. Ignat’ev; M.I. Zakharets; S.V. Kolinko; D.P. Shulha

2014-01-01

The testing equipment was designed, manufactured and tried out permitting measurements of total current, current profile and emittance of an ion beam extracted from the ion beam. MeV energy electrostatic accelerator ion H + beam emittance measurement results are presented.

Calculational methods used to obtain evaluated data above 3 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arthur, E.D.

1980-01-01

Calculational methods used to provide evaluated neutron data for nuclei between A = 19 and 220 at incident energies above several MeV range from empirical techniques based on cross-section systematics to sophisticated nuclear-model codes that describe the major mechanisms governing neutron reactions in this mass and energy range. Examples of empirical approaches are given along with discussion concerning regions of applicability and accuracies that can be expected. The application of more sophisticated nuclear models (Hauser-Feshbach statistical, preequilibrium, and direct-reaction theories) is discussed, particularly with regard to improved parameter determinations that can be used in such calculations. Efforts to improve the consistency and to unify these theoretical approaches are addressed along with benefits to evaluated data that can be realized through careful application of such nuclear-model techniques. 76 references, 13 figures, 3 tables

Calculation of energy and angular distributions of the bremsstrahlung of 10 MeV electrons bombarding a thick tungsten target

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsovbun, V.I.

1977-01-01

Computer calculations have been performed to extend the data available on energy and angular distribution of the 10 MeV electron bremsrahlung into a higher angle region. The ETRAN-16D program developed by R.G.Berger for calculation of electron-photon cascades passing through matter using computers IBM-360 and UNIVAC-1108 was modified to operate with the CDC-6500 computer. A brief summary of the program is provided. An angular distribution of the bremsstrahlung dose absorbed in the air has been also calculated. The results extended into the 90-180 deg region can be used to calculate the biological shield of electron accelerators

Simulations of Beam Quality in a 13 MeV PET Cyclotron

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Pramudita

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Simulation of the trajectories of negative hydrogen ion (H− beam in a 13 MeV PET cyclotron (DECY-13 were carried out by using the Runge-Kutta (RK4 approximation method and Scilab 5.4.1. The magnetic and electric fields were calculated using Opera-3d/TOSCA softwares at 1 mm resolution. The cyclotron is of a fourth-harmonics type, meaning that the acceleration occurs four times per cycle, with a radiofrequency (RF field of 77.66 MHz frequency and 40 kV amplitude. The calculations and simulations show that the maximum distance between the ion source and the puller is about 6 mm, while the maximum width of the beam at 13 MeV is about 10 mm, and the initial phase between the RF field and the beam ranges from -10° to 10°, with a yield of about 10% of the beam from the ion source getting accelerated to 13 MeV.

Evaluation of induced radioactivity in 10 MeV electron-irradiated spices

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Furuta, Masakazu; Ito, Norio; Mizohata, Akira; Matsunami, Tadao; Katayama, Tadashi; Toratani, Hirokazu (Osaka Prefectural Univ., Sakai (Japan). Research Inst. for Advanced Science and Technology); Takeda, Atsuhiko

1993-10-01

In order to make clear appreciation to induced radioactivity in the irradiated foods, photonuclear reactions which could produce radioactivity at energies up to 10 MeV were listed up from elemental compositions of black pepper, white pepper, red pepper, ginger and turmeric. The samples were irradiated with 10 MeV electron from a linear accelerator to a dose of 100 kGy and radioactivity was measured. Induced radioactivity could not be detected significantly by gamma-ray spectrometry and beta-ray counting in the irradiated samples except for spiked samples which contain some photonuclear target nuclides in the list. From the amount of observed radioactivities of short-lived photonuclear products in the spiked samples and calculation of H[sub 50] according to ICRP Publication 30, it was concluded that the induced radioactivity and its biological effects in the 10 MeV electron-irradiated natural samples were negligible in comparison with natural radioactivity from [sup 40]K contained in the samples. (J.P.N.).

Kerma factors and reaction cross sections for n + /sup 12/C between 15 and 18 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tornow, W.; Chen, Z.M.; Baird, K.; Walter, R.L.

1988-07-01

Differential elastic and inelastic (4.44 MeV) neutron scattering cross sections from /sup 12/C are presented at 15.6, 16.8 and 17.3 MeV. The existing 18.2 MeV differential cross-section data were combined with newly measured analysing power data to parametrise neutron scattering at this energy. The /sup 12/C recoil kerma factors were calculated and reaction cross sections were obtained from a phase-shift analysis and coupled channel analyses in the 15.6-18.2 MeV energy range.

Elastic scattering for 16O + 12C at 140 MeV and 218 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galindo U, A.

1981-01-01

In this work, angular distribution of cross sections have been measured for 12 C( 16 O, 16 O) 12 C at two energies. The measurements were carried out in 0.5 0 intervals between 5 0 -19.5 0 C (lab.) at 140 MeV, 4.5 0 -14.5 0 at 218 MeV. An optical model analysis of these strong structure angular distributions was done. Good fits of the data were obtained using the optical model search code GENOA with a full Woods-Saxon potential form. This yielded parameters subject to considerable ambiguities as it is known to occur for strongly absorbed particles. These ambiguities were explored in detail and it was found that both the real and the imaginary parts present some characteristics that have been found before for the real potential (as Igo relation for continous ambiguities and the fact that potentials with different diffusivities tend to have the same value at the strong absorption radii). It was found, among other results, that the real volume integral, the mean square radius, as well as the total reaction cross section (σsub(r)) cannot be determined unambiguously. A strong correlation was found between σsub(r) and the imaginary diffusivity. A systematic study of how the variation of the potential parameters affects the angular distribution is presented and some features of the diffraction structure of the angular distribution are discussed. (author)

Elastic scattering of antiprotons from carbon, calcium, and lead at 180 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garreta, D.; Birien, P.; Bruge, G.; Chaumeaux, A.; Drake, D.M.; Janouin, S.; Legrand, D.; Lemaire, M.C.; Mayer, B.; Pain, J.; Peng, J.C.

1984-01-01

Angular distributions for elastic scattering of 180 MeV antiprotons from 12 C, 40 Ca, and 208 Pb have been measured over a wide angular range with a magnetic spectrometer. In general, microscopic calculations agree fairly well with the data. Optical-model fits with Woods-Saxon parametrization determine the magnitude and the relative strength of the real and imaginary potentials at the nuclear surface. When the shape of the potentials is derived from that of the charge distribution, the depth of the real potential is found to be shallow (30 MeV 0 12 C scattering at 46.8 MeV and with a recent analysis of anti p-atom data. (orig.)

Alpha-deuteron elastic scattering around 40 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De, A.; Karmakar, S.; Roychaudhury, T.; Dasgupta, S.S.; Chintalapudi, S.N.; Ismail, M.; Banerjee, S.R.; Divatia, A.S.

1989-01-01

Differential cross section for alpha-deuteron elastic scattering has been measured at several energies around 40 MeV incident alpha. General behaviour of angular distributions remaining close to that predicted by Faddeev type calculations, a sharp energy dependence is observed. (author). 8 refs

Pion production from deuterium by the bombardment with polarized protons of 277 and 500 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lolos, G.J.; Auld, E.G.; Giles, G.; Jones, G.; McParland, B.; Ottewell, D.; Walden, P.L.; Zeigler, W.

1982-11-01

Analyzing power measurements of the (anti) pd → tπ + reaction are reported at incident proton energies of 277 and 500 MeV. The 277 MeV results span the angular range from 70 0 to 130 0 in the centre of mass while the two 500 MeV measurements at large angles were taken as a check of published results. With the angular distribution of the analyzing power at 277 MeV being now available, an examination of the energy dependence of the analyzing power shows that it exhibits characteristics closely resembling the shape and magnitude of the distribution observed for nuclei in the 9-12 mass range

Elastic and inelastic scattering of 2 to 10 MeV protons by lithium isotopes; Diffusion elastique et inelastique des protons de 2 a 10 MeV par les isotopes du lithium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laurat, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Bruyeres-le-Chatel (France). Centre d' Etudes

1969-07-01

A description is given of the experimental set-up which has been devised for carrying out spectrometric and absolute cross-section measurements on the reactions induced by protons accelerated in a 12 MeV Van de Graaff Tandem. The particles are detected by silicon junctions; the weight of the targets (about ten {mu}g/cm{sup 2}) is determined by the quartz method. The experimental equipment has been controlled by a study of proton scattering by lithium-6, and has made it possible to evaluate the elastic and inelastic scattering (1. level excitation) by lithium 7 of 2 to 9 MeV protons. The most probable spin and parity values for the six levels of {sup 8}Be between 19 and 25 MeV excitation energy have been determined from a knowledge of the observed structure. (author) [French] Nous decrivons le dispositif experimental mis au point pour effectuer les mesures de spectrometrie et de section efficace absolue pour les reactions induites par des protons acceleres par un Van de Graaff Tandem 12 MeV. Les particules sont detectees par des jonctions au silicium, le poids des cibles (de l'ordre d'une dizaine de {mu}g/cm{sup 2}), mesure par la methode du quartz. L'ensemble de l'appareillage a ete controle par l'etude de la diffusion des protons par le lithium 6, et nous a permis de preciser les diffusions elastiques et inelastiques (excitation du 1er niveau) des protons de 2 a 9 MeV par le lithium 7. La structure observee a permis de determiner les spin et parite les plus probables de six niveaux du {sup 8}Be entre 19 et 25 MeV d'energie d'excitation. (auteur)

Elastic and inelastic scattering of 2 to 10 MeV protons by lithium isotopes; Diffusion elastique et inelastique des protons de 2 a 10 MeV par les isotopes du lithium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laurat, M. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Bruyeres-le-Chatel (France). Centre d' Etudes

1969-07-01

A description is given of the experimental set-up which has been devised for carrying out spectrometric and absolute cross-section measurements on the reactions induced by protons accelerated in a 12 MeV Van de Graaff Tandem. The particles are detected by silicon junctions; the weight of the targets (about ten {mu}g/cm{sup 2}) is determined by the quartz method. The experimental equipment has been controlled by a study of proton scattering by lithium-6, and has made it possible to evaluate the elastic and inelastic scattering (1. level excitation) by lithium 7 of 2 to 9 MeV protons. The most probable spin and parity values for the six levels of {sup 8}Be between 19 and 25 MeV excitation energy have been determined from a knowledge of the observed structure. (author) [French] Nous decrivons le dispositif experimental mis au point pour effectuer les mesures de spectrometrie et de section efficace absolue pour les reactions induites par des protons acceleres par un Van de Graaff Tandem 12 MeV. Les particules sont detectees par des jonctions au silicium, le poids des cibles (de l'ordre d'une dizaine de {mu}g/cm{sup 2}), mesure par la methode du quartz. L'ensemble de l'appareillage a ete controle par l'etude de la diffusion des protons par le lithium 6, et nous a permis de preciser les diffusions elastiques et inelastiques (excitation du 1er niveau) des protons de 2 a 9 MeV par le lithium 7. La structure observee a permis de determiner les spin et parite les plus probables de six niveaux du {sup 8}Be entre 19 et 25 MeV d'energie d'excitation. (auteur)

Effects of repulsive three-body force in 12C + 12C scattering at 100A MeV

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

W.W. Qu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The angular distribution of 12C + 12C scattering at an incident energy of 100A MeV has been measured. The elastic and inelastic scatterings in 12C to the excitation energies of up to ∼45 MeV were measured simultaneously for the first time with the high-resolution Grand Raiden spectrometer at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP. The angular distributions of the elastic scattering to the ground state (01+ and inelastic scattering to the 4.44 MeV (21+ excited state were precisely obtained in the angular range of 1.0°–7.5° with a step of 0.1°. Additionally, the angular distribution was obtained for the sum of the cross sections for excitation energies above the 4.44 MeV state up to 11 MeV, which includes the 7.65 MeV (02+, 9.64 MeV (31−, and 10.30 MeV (22+ states, in addition to probably the simultaneous excitation of the 4.44 MeV state in the projectile and the target nuclei. Those combined data provide a means to study the effects of channel coupling on the elastic cross section. The observed angular distributions are compared with theoretical calculations based on three double-folding models with complex G-matrix interactions, the CEG07b, MPa, and ESC models. The importance of three-body repulsive forces included in the CEG07b and MPa models will be discussed.

3 MeV DC accelerator, EBC Kharghar

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bakhtsingh, R.I.; Acharya, S.

2017-01-01

The Accelerator and Pulse Power Division (APPD) has designed and developed a 3 MeV, 10 mA DC electron beam accelerator at Electron Beam Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai. This machine has been utilized for reduction of SO_x and NO_x in simulated flue gases and treatment of waste water to reduce COD and BOD

Experimental apparatus to determine lead attenuation coefficients for photons of 0.511 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vargas, Luis C.B.; Cardoso, Domingos O.; Gavazza, Sérgio; Morales, Rudnei K.; Oliveira, Luciano S. R.

2017-01-01

Radioactive gamma-emitting sources with higher energies than 1.022 MeV, may interact with matter by pair production process, generating two photons of 0.511 MeV in the positron annihilation, that may contribute to increase doses in both IOE´s or public. National regulatory agencies require a radiation protection plan and a shielding project to consider the influence of these photons in the licensing procedure. This work will present all steps for the development of the experimental apparatus for determination of the attenuation coefficients for photons with energy of 0.511 MeV in lead. (author)

Optimisation of 12 MeV electron beam simulation using variance reduction technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jayamani, J; Aziz, M Z Abdul; Termizi, N A S Mohd; Kamarulzaman, F N Mohd

2017-01-01

Monte Carlo (MC) simulation for electron beam radiotherapy consumes a long computation time. An algorithm called variance reduction technique (VRT) in MC was implemented to speed up this duration. This work focused on optimisation of VRT parameter which refers to electron range rejection and particle history. EGSnrc MC source code was used to simulate (BEAMnrc code) and validate (DOSXYZnrc code) the Siemens Primus linear accelerator model with the non-VRT parameter. The validated MC model simulation was repeated by applying VRT parameter (electron range rejection) that controlled by global electron cut-off energy 1,2 and 5 MeV using 20 × 10 7 particle history. 5 MeV range rejection generated the fastest MC simulation with 50% reduction in computation time compared to non-VRT simulation. Thus, 5 MeV electron range rejection utilized in particle history analysis ranged from 7.5 × 10 7 to 20 × 10 7 . In this study, 5 MeV electron cut-off with 10 × 10 7 particle history, the simulation was four times faster than non-VRT calculation with 1% deviation. Proper understanding and use of VRT can significantly reduce MC electron beam calculation duration at the same time preserving its accuracy. (paper)

Energy dissipation process for 100-MeV protons and the nucleon-nucleon interactions in nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cowley, A.A.; Chang, C.C.; Holmgren, H.D.; Silk, J.D.; Hendrie, D.L.; Koontz, R.W.; Roos, P.G.; Samanta, C.; Wu, J.R.

1980-01-01

Coincidence studies of two protons emitted from p+ 58 Ni at 100 MeV have been carried out. The proton spectra in coincidence with scattered protons suffering an average energy loss of 60 MeV are similar to those resulting from 60-MeV incident protons. This suggests that the initial interaction of the incident proton is with a bound nucleon and that one or both of these nucleons are emitted or initiates a cascade leading to more complex states

Survivorship and longevity of adult Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski, 1915 (Diptera: Chironomidae) at controlled, sub-freezing temperatures

Science.gov (United States)

Mazack, Jane E.; Kranzfelder, Petra; Anderson, Alyssa M.; Bouchard, William; Perry, James; Vondracek, Bruce C.; Ferrington, Leonard C.

2014-01-01

Diamesa mendotae Muttkowski, 1915 is a winter-active species common in groundwater-buffered streams of Minnesota and Wisconsin. This species is capable of surviving under snow cover for at least 28 days. Field collections of adult D. mendotae were used to determine survivorship under long-term exposure to controlled sub-freezing conditions. Specimens were placed into a controlled temperature chamber at −5 °C, batches removed at weekly intervals, and subsequently held at 6 °C to determine survivorship and longevity. Our results indicate that overall survivorship is negatively related to treatment duration of sub-freezing treatment, individuals can survive sub-freezing temperatures for at least 70 days, with total longevity of 92 days. Additionally, males had a significantly higher rate of survivorship than females within treatments. Total longevity increased with treatment time, suggesting adult D. mendotae may survive long periods of below-freezing temperatures under natural conditions before mating, which may convey population-level advantages.

Sobre los vínculos entre España y Argentina en La Nota [1915-1917

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Delgado

2010-11-01

Full Text Available This article takes as its object weekly Argentinian La Nota to read between 1915 and 1917, in the light of the Great War, some emergencies of the reconfiguration related to specific topics of the dominant literary and intellectual debates, which took place the years immediately preceding and still in force, as it was the problems of national and associated to it, the place assigned to cultural relations between Spain and Argentina in that field. Thus, through the interventions of various authors, the magazine shows how to think the function of culture -and therefore of the intellectuals-, and at the same time, it offers a more or less critical sight into those relationships. Thus, for example, happens to "El centenario de Cervantes" [Rodó] or the "Meditaciones sobre el nacionalismo" [Rojas], "America and España" [Blanco Fombona], or "Manifiesto germanista de los intelectuales españoles" [Unamuno], "El cuento de la raza" [Del Campo

The early history of x-ray diagnosis with emphasis on the contributions of physics 1895-1915

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mould, R.F.

1995-01-01

The contribution of physics to the development of X-ray diagnosis was vital in the early years of this century following Rontgen's discovery 1895-1915. The sections are presented in a logical order beginning with the discovery of X-rays, followed by X-ray tube technology to the advent of the hot cathode Coolidge tube, with the third and final section covering diagnostic radiology physics. It has been compiled from personal research over 35 years in libraries worldwide, drawing on textbooks, journals, popular magazines, newspapers, X-ray company catalogues and museum exhibits. I have included a certain amount of anecdotal information, because after all, much of the early commentaries were indeed anecdotal - and make very interesting reading. Finally it is commented that although this review is devoted to X-ray diagnosis, X-ray therapy should not be forgotten, and readers are referred to another review by the author on early therapeutic advances. (Author)

Measuring Children's Environmental Attitudes and Values in Northwest Mexico: Validating a Modified Version of Measures to Test the Model of Ecological Values (2-MEV)

Science.gov (United States)

Schneller, A. J.; Johnson, B.; Bogner, F. X.

2015-01-01

This paper describes the validation process of measuring children's attitudes and values toward the environment within a Mexican sample. We applied the Model of Ecological Values (2-MEV), which has been shown to be valid and reliable in 20 countries, including one Spanish speaking culture. Items were initially modified to fit the regional dialect,…

Study of the D(p,π+)T and 9Be(p,π+)10Be from 400 to 800MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslanides, E.; Bauer, T.; Bertini, R.; Beurtey, R.; Bimbot, L.; Bing, O.; Boudard, A.; Brochard, F.; Bruge, G.; Catz, H.; Chaumeaux, A.; Couvert, P.; Duchazeaubeneix, J.C.; Duhm, H.; Garreta, D.; Gorodetzky, P.; Habault, J.; Hibou, F.; Igo, G.; Le Bornec, Y.; Lugol, J.C.; Matoba, M.; Tatischeff, B.; Terrien, Y.

Pion production on CD 2 and 9 Be targets has been observed using the high resolution, energy loss, spectrometer SPES I. Differential cross sections for the D(p,π + ) reaction have been determined at 410, 605 and 809MeV and for the 9 Be(p,π + ) reaction at 410 and 605MeV. The 3.37MeV (2 + ) state in 10 Be is populated preferentially, but a significant part of the transition strength seems to populate the ground state and the higher lying multiplets at about 6.1MeV, 7.4MeV and 9.4MeV [fr

History of the ZGS 500 MeV booster.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Simpson, J.; Martin; R.; Kustom, R.

2006-05-09

The history of the design and construction of the Argonne 500 MeV booster proton synchrotron from 1969 to 1982 is described. This accelerator has since been in steady use for the past 25 years to power the Argonne Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS).

A technique for determining electron losses for a 20 MeV microtron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harisha, P.; Nayak, A.R.; Mehta, S.K.; Soni, H.C.; Siddappa, K.

1999-01-01

A 22 orbit, 20 MeV electron microtron is used as a preaccelerator for the 700 MeV booster synchrotron at INDUS-1, CAT, Indore. Estimation of electron losses at the RF cavity from each orbit is important in obtaining the radiation doses from the body of the microtron. Radiation mapping of the microtron can be used to estimate these loss terms as an alternate to actual measurement by using a measuring probe. (author)

Towards the high-accuracy determination of the 238U fission cross section at the threshold region at CERN – n_TOF

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diakaki M.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The 238U fission cross section is an international standard beyond 2 MeV where the fission plateau starts. However, due to its importance in fission reactors, this cross-section should be very accurately known also in the threshold region below 2 MeV. The 238U fission cross section has been measured relative to the 235U fission cross section at CERN – n_TOF with different detection systems. These datasets have been collected and suitably combined to increase the counting statistics in the threshold region from about 300 keV up to 3 MeV. The results are compared with other experimental data, evaluated libraries, and the IAEA standards.

The gas bubbles distribution in 600 MeV protons irradiated aluminium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gavillet, D.; Martin, J.L.; Victoria, M.; Green, W.

1984-01-01

In order to simulate the damage produced by 14 MeV fusion neutrons, thin foils of high purity Al have been irradiated by a proton beam of 580 MeV (120μA). After irradiation at temperatures higher than 0.5 Tm transmission electron microscope observations of gas bubbles distribution were performed. At 200 0 C a uniform distribution of bubbles has been observed inside the grain. The average distance between bubbles and their density have been determined. The gas pressure inside the bubbles has been estimated [fr

Surface structural determination of UO2(111) using MeV ions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thompson, K.A.; Ellis, W.P.; Taylor, T.N.; Valone, S.M.; Maggiore, C.J.

1983-01-01

The UO 2 (111) surface was studied using MeV ions incident along the and directions. In addition, this surface was well characterized by LEED and Auger analysis. A resonance at 3.05 MeV for 4 He elastic scattering from 16 O made it possible to study the surface peaks for uranium and oxygen simultaneously. By combining previous surface studies with detailed analysis of the surface peaks and rocking curves for this compound material, an outward relaxation of 0.19 A +- 0.01 A was determined for uranium

Determination of partial decay widths for the 2-, 8.87 MeV level in 16O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vermeer, W.J.; Poletti, A.R.

1982-01-01

The E2/M1 mixing ratios for the decays of the 2 - , 8.87 MeV level in 16 O to the 1 - , 7.12 MeV and 3 - , 6.13 MeV levels were measured. The results were delta(2 - → 1 - )= + 2.1 +- 0.5 and delta(2 - → 3 - )= + 2.90 +- 0.20. These are compared with previous experiments and with shell-model predictions. (author)

Cross-sections for the formation of isomeric pair {sup 75}Ge{sup m,g} through (n, 2n), (n, p) and (n, {alpha}) reactions measured over 13.73 MeV to 14.77 MeV and calculated from near threshold to 20 MeV neutron energies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Attar, F.M.D.; Dhole, S.D. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India); Kailas, S. [Nuclear Physics Division, BARC, Mumbai-400085 (India); Bhoraskar, V.N. [Department of Physics, University of Pune, Pune-411007 (India)], E-mail: vnb@physics.unipune.ernet.in

2009-09-15

The cross-sections for formation of isomeric pair, {sup 75}Ge{sup m}({sigma}{sub m}) and {sup 75}Ge{sup g}({sigma}{sub g}), through {sup 76}Ge(n, 2n), {sup 75}As(n, p) and {sup 78}Se(n, {alpha}) reactions were measured at 13.73 MeV, 14.42 MeV and 14.77 MeV neutrons and also estimated using EMPIRE-II and TALYS codes over neutron energies from near threshold to 20 MeV. For each (n, 2n), (n, p) and (n, {alpha}) reaction, the cross-section initially increases with neutron energy, but starts decreasing as the neutron energy exceeds the respective threshold of (n, 3n), (n, pn) and (n, {alpha}n) reactions. The higher values of {sigma}{sub m} relative to {sigma}{sub g} reveal that the transitions of the excited {sup 75}Ge from higher energy levels to metastable state (7{sup +}/2) are favored as compared to unstable ground state (1{sup -}/2). The present values of cross sections for formation of {sup 75}Ge{sup m,g} through (n, 2n) and (n, {alpha}) reactions are lower, and that of (n, p) reaction are higher compared to most of the corresponding literature cross-sections.

Digital neutron/gamma discrimination with an organic scintillator at energies between 1 MeV and 100 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Comrie, A.C. [Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700 (South Africa); Buffler, A., E-mail: andy.buffler@uct.ac.za [Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700 (South Africa); Smit, F.D. [iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129 (South Africa); Wörtche, H.J. [INCAS" 3, Dr. Nassaulaan 9. 9400 AT Assen (Netherlands)

2015-02-01

Three different digital implementations of pulse shape discrimination for pulses from an EJ301 liquid scintillator detector are presented, and illustrated with neutrons and gamma-rays produced by an Am–Be radioisotopic source, a D–T generator and beams produced by cyclotron-accelerated protons of energies 42, 62 and 100 MeV on a Li target. A critical comparison between the three methods is provided.

Cross Sections for High-Energy Gamma Transitions from MeV Neutron Capture in {sup 206}Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bergqvist, I; Lundberg, B; Nilsson, L

1970-03-15

Gamma-ray spectra from neutron capture in Pb (radiogenic lead) in the energy range 1.5 to 8.5 MeV were recorded using time-of-flight techniques. The spectrometer was a Nal (Tl) crystal, 20.8 cm long and 22.6 cm in diameter. The spectra are dominated by gamma transitions to levels with large single-particle strength, in agreement with predictions of semi-direct capture theories. The theories predict enhancements of the direct capture cross section by a factor of 10 - 15 in the region of the giant dipole resonance. The observed enhancement is about 50.

Color centers of a borosilicate glass induced by 10 MeV proton, 1.85 MeV electron and 60Co-γ ray

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Du, Jishi; Wu, Jiehua; Zhao, Lili; Song, Lixin

2013-01-01

Optical absorption spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra, Raman spectra of a borosilicate glass after irradiation by 10 MeV proton, 1.85 MeV electron and 60 Co-γ ray were studied. The process of irradiation inducing color centers in the glass was discussed. The band gap of the glass before and after 60 Co-γ ray irradiation was studied using Mott and Davis's theory, and it was found that calculated change of the band gap introduced a paradox, because Mott and Davis's theory on the band gap cannot be adopted in the study on the irradiated glass. - Highlights: ► All the three types of irradiation induce the same types of color centers. ► Calculated change of the band gap introduced a paradox. ► Mott and Davis's theory on band gap cannot be adopted in the irradiated glass

Probing the Cosmic X-Ray and MeV Gamma-Ray Background Radiation through the Anisotropy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, Yoshiyuki [Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Murase, Kohta [Inst. for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ (United States). School of Natural Sciences; Madejski, Grzegorz M. [Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Uchiyama, Yasunobu [Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Kavli Inst. for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States); Rikkyo Univ., Tokyo (Japan). Dept. of Physics

2013-09-24

While the cosmic soft X-ray background is very likely to originate from individual Seyfert galaxies, the origin of the cosmic hard X-ray and MeV gamma-ray background is not fully understood. It is expected that Seyferts including Compton thick population may explain the cosmic hard X-ray background. At MeV energy range, Seyferts having non-thermal electrons in coronae above accretion disks or MeV blazars may explain the background radiation. We propose that future measurements of the angular power spectra of anisotropy of the cosmic X-ray and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds will be key to deciphering these backgrounds and the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). As AGNs trace the cosmic large-scale structure, spatial clustering of AGNs exists. We show that e-ROSITA will clearly detect the correlation signal of unresolved Seyferts at 0.5-2 keV and 2-10 keV bands and will be able to measure the bias parameter of AGNs at both bands. Once the future hard X-ray all sky satellites achieve the sensitivity better than 10^-12 erg/cm²/s^-1 at 10-30 keV or 30-50 keV - although this is beyond the sensitivities of current hard X-ray all sky monitors - angular power spectra will allow us to independently investigate the fraction of Compton-thick AGNs in all Seyferts. We also find that the expected angular power spectra of Seyferts and blazars in the MeV range are different by about an order of magnitude, where the Poisson term, so-called shot noise, is dominant. Current and future MeV instruments will clearly disentangle the origin of the MeV gamma-ray background through the angular power spectrum.

Probing the cosmic x-ray and MeV gamma ray background radiation through the anisotropy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, Yoshiyuki [Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Murase, Kohta [Inst. for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ (United States); Madejski, Grzegorz M. [Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Uchiyama, Yasunobu [Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Rikkyo Univ., Tokyo (Japan)

2013-09-24

While the cosmic soft X-ray background is very likely to originate from individual Seyfert galaxies, the origin of the cosmic hard X-ray and MeV gamma-ray background is not fully understood. It is expected that Seyferts including Compton thick population may explain the cosmic hard X-ray background. At MeV energy range, Seyferts having non-thermal electrons in coronae above accretion disks or MeV blazars may explain the background radiation. We propose that future measurements of the angular power spectra of anisotropy of the cosmic X-ray and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds will be key to deciphering these backgrounds and the evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). As AGNs trace the cosmic large-scale structure, spatial clustering of AGNs exists. We show that e-ROSITA will clearly detect the correlation signal of unresolved Seyferts at 0.5-2 keV and 2-10 keV bands and will be able to measure the bias parameter of AGNs at both bands. Once future hard X-ray all sky satellites achieve a sensitivity better than 10–12 erg cm–2 s–1 at 10-30 keV or 30-50 keV—although this is beyond the sensitivities of current hard X-ray all sky monitors—angular power spectra will allow us to independently investigate the fraction of Compton-thick AGNs in all Seyferts. We also find that the expected angular power spectra of Seyferts and blazars in the MeV range are different by about an order of magnitude, where the Poisson term, so-called shot noise, is dominant. Current and future MeV instruments will clearly disentangle the origin of the MeV gamma-ray background through the angular power spectrum.

Rib necrosis after postoperative irradiation with 6MeV x-ray to breast cancer

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Asakawa, H; Watarai, J; Otawa, H [Miyagi Prefectural Adult Disease Center, Natori (Japan)

1975-04-01

In order to examine quality of rays in radiation injury in the rib by high energy x-ray, radiation injury in the rib was roentgenologically followed up in the subjects that received postoperative irradiation only with 6 MeV x-ray to breast cancer. The subjects consisted of 79 patients with the age of 30 to 78 and were irradiated with 200 rads of 6 MeV x-ray 5 times a week delivered in 5 to 6 weeks postoperatively. Two fields were irradiated in a day and the total dose reached more than 5,000 rads. Roentgenologic follow up for more than 12 months revealed that rib necrosis occurred in 9 (11%) of 79 patients and that there was no relation to the age of patient. The necrosis was most likely to develop in the right second rib 10 to 23 months after the irradiation and the mean was 16 months. To the rib region where necrosis occurred, 1,880 to 2,230 ret were irradiated and the mean was 2,014 ret. There found no relation between the irradiation dose and occurrence of rib necrosis in the extent of 4,000 to 6,000 rads for tumor doses. Radiation injury in the lung was complicated in 8 (89%) of 9 patients with rib necrosis, indicating high incidence.

Magnifying lens for 800 MeV proton radiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merrill, F. E.; Campos, E.; Espinoza, C.; Hogan, G.; Hollander, B.; Lopez, J.; Mariam, F. G.; Morley, D.; Morris, C. L.; Murray, M.; Saunders, A.; Schwartz, C.; Thompson, T. N.

2011-01-01

This article describes the design and performance of a magnifying magnetic-lens system designed, built, and commissioned at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for 800 MeV flash proton radiography. The technique of flash proton radiography has been developed at LANL to study material properties under dynamic loading conditions through the analysis of time sequences of proton radiographs. The requirements of this growing experimental program have resulted in the need for improvements in spatial radiographic resolution. To meet these needs, a new magnetic lens system, consisting of four permanent magnet quadrupoles, has been developed. This new lens system was designed to reduce the second order chromatic aberrations, the dominant source of image blur in 800 MeV proton radiography, as well as magnifying the image to reduce the blur contribution from the detector and camera systems. The recently commissioned lens system performed as designed, providing nearly a factor of three improvement in radiographic resolution.

FIRST LIGHT: MeV ASTROPHYSICS FROM THE MOON

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miller, Richard S. [University of Alabama in Huntsville, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35899 (United States); Lawrence, David J., E-mail: richard.s.miller@uah.edu [Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723 (United States)

2016-06-01

We report evidence of the first astrophysical source detected from the Moon at MeV energies. Our detection of Cygnus X-1 is a validation of a new investigative paradigm in which the lunar environment is intrinsic to the detection approach: the Lunar Occultation Technique (LOT). NASA’s Lunar Prospector mission served as a proxy for a dedicated LOT-based mission. The characteristic signature of temporal modulation, generated by repeated lunar occultations and encoded within acquired gamma-ray data (0.5–9 MeV), is consistent with an unambiguous detection of Cygnus X-1 at 5.4 σ significance. Source localization and long-term monitoring capabilities of the LOT are also demonstrated. This “first light” detection verifies the basic tenets of the LOT methodology, reinforces its feasibility as an alternative astronomical detection paradigm for nuclear astrophysics investigations, and is an illustration of the fundamental benefits of the Moon as a platform for science.

Hundred Years of Cruel Love (1915-2015 Manuel de Falla, Between Classical and Popular Music

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michèle Dufour

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Manuel de Falla´s Cruel Love subtitled Gypsy story in two parts is a ballet with cante jondo whose premiere was given, in a first chamber version, in Madrid´s Lara Theatre in April of 1915. With only two characters on stage, the attractive gypsy Candelas and her boyfriend Carmelo who are haunted by the ghost of her previous lover, we encounter an original anti-romantic version of the relationship between love and death struggling for the liberation of the soul through that of the body, through flamenco dance and cante jondo. This work was written after a seven-year stay (1907-14 in the Paris of La Belle Époque and contributes to the renewal of nationalism in music as it has the special interest of questioning the social frontiers between “classical music” and “popular music”. The result is a both complex and popular piece in which are found synthesized such different influences as those of Felipe Pedrell, Claude Debussy and Igor Stravinski. 

Acquisition of the ANL 4-MeV electrostatic accelerator. Progress report, September 1, 1975--August, 1976

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dixon, D.R.

1976-01-01

The operation of the ANL 4-MeV accelerator for the reporting period September 1, 1975 through August 31, 1976 is described. Some improvements and modifications to the accelerator and associated equipment, as well as maintenance problems are reported. Activities on the three research projects and a subsequent modification are summarized. Progress on the shift of research activities from the BYU 2-MeV accelerator to the 4-MeV accelerator is described

Observations of galactic center for annihilation line at 0.511 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jayanthi, U.B.; Martin, I.M.; Braga, J.; Neri, J.A.C.F.; Jardim, M.V.A.; Rao, K.R.

1983-10-01

The presence of the 0.511 MeV gamma line emission from galactic center is well-established from various balloon experiments. Recent results in 1980-82 from balloon and satellite experiments show significant decrease in this line intensity. To confirm these results a fly on balloon is performed with a large area sodium iodide detector to measure 0.511 MeV line from galactic center. The preliminary results indicate flux -3 photons cm -2 s -1 . (Author) [pt

Radiological safety research of food irradiation with 7.5 MeV X-rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Bin; Tang Weidong; Zhang Yue; Xu Tao; Jin Jianqiao; Ye Mingyang

2012-01-01

China and America both have 7.5 MeV high energy X-ray accelerator. The radiological safety of food irradiated with 7.5 MeV X-rays (bremsstrahlung) has been investigated. Samples of meat and meat ash were located in a large volume of fresh meat at the position of the highest photoneutron fluence and irradiated to an X-ray dose of 15 kGy, twice the maximum dose allowed by the US FDA for meat irradiation. An evaluation of the corresponding radiation exposure from ingestion of the irradiated product has been compared to natural background radiation. The paper concludes that the risk to individuals from intake of food irradiated with X-rays from 7.5 MeV electrons, even with a broad energy spectrum, would be trivial. The common target materials are Au, Ta and W. The U.S, requires only Au and Ta can be used as food irradiation target materials and China has not yet relevant provisions. The first 7.5 MeV accelerator for food irradiation in China is under built, and will do the explore research for the choice of target material. (authors)

Design of a 120 MeV $H^{-}$ Linac for CERN High-Intensity Applications

CERN Document Server

Gerigk, F

2002-01-01

The SPL (Superconducting Proton Linac) study at CERN foresees the construction of a 2.2 GeV linac as a high beam-power driver for applications such as a second-generation radioactive ion beam facility or a neutrino superbeam. At the same time such a high-performance injector would both modernize and improve the LHC injection chain. The 120 MeV normal-conducting section of the SPL could be used directly in a preliminary stage for H- charge-exchange injection into the PS Booster. This would increase the proton flux to the CERN experiments while also improving the quality and reliability of the beams for the LHC. The 120 MeV linac consists of a front-end, a conventional Drift Tube Linac (DTL) to 40 MeV and a Cell Coupled Drift Tube Linac (CCDTL) to the full energy. All the RF structures will operate at 352 MHz, using klystrons and RF equipment recovered from the LEP collider. This paper concentrates on the design of the 3 to 120 MeV section. It introduces the design criteria for high-stability beam optics and th...

The development of a spectrometer for 14 MeV neutrons from fusion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aronsson, D.

1991-01-01

A spectrometer for 14 MeV neutrons, to be used for fusion plasma diagnostics at JET, was developed. The spectrometer utilizes neutron scattering in a polyethylene foil with the detection of the scattered neutron and its associated recoil proton. For the detection of 12 MeV protons we have tested silicon surface barrier detectors, lithium-drifted silicon detectors and high purity germanium detectors. The lithium-drifted detectors were finally selected for use in the spectrometer. The lithium-drifted silicon diodes have also been used for direct spectrometry, utilizing the neutron induced charged particle reactions in silicon. The methods used for the energy calibration and the timing calibration of the diodes, both during the installation of the spectrometer and during operation, are described. The detection of 2 MeV neutrons is done by fast plastic scintillators. Since the neutron generator which was used to test the detectors supplies 14 MeV or 2.5 MeV neutrons only, a neutron energy converter has to be constructed to study the detectors at other neutron energies. In the actual spectrometer an array of scintillation neutron detectors is used. A method of calibrating such an array of detectors with a gamma source was elaborated and is also described here. The result of the calibration is a set of parameters than can be used to determine the high voltage settings and the discriminator levels that are needed to achieve homogeneous sensitivity for all the detectors of the array. The energy scale itself was then calibrated by using gamma sources of various energies. To test the spectrometer as a whole at a neutron generator, a test bed was constructed. A lithium-drifted silicon diode was used to measure the neutron flux and the neutron energy resolution in the test bed. (au)

Calibration of a dePangher long counter from 2 keV to 19 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Slaughter, D R; Rueppel, D W [California Univ., Livermore (USA). Lawrence Livermore Lab.

1977-09-01

The authors have measured the sensitivity of a dePangher precision long counter (PLC) relative to /sup 7/Li(p,n), T(p,n), and T(d,n) differential cross sections over the neutron energy range 10 keV-19 MeV. Absolute sensitivity at 2 keV is also measured, using a scandium filtered beam at a reactor. Results obtained with errors in the range 5-30% are consistent with the assumption of a nearly constant sensitivity over the range 2 keV-6 MeV, but exhibit a reduction above 12 MeV.

Performances of large BGO crystals below 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burq, J.P.; Chemarin, M.; El Mamouni, H.

1986-11-01

This paper presents the performances of large tapered BGO crystals to low energy photons of 6 to 20 MeV. The read-out of the crystals was made with large area photodiodes associated to shaping amplifiers

Slow positron beam production by a 14 MeV C.W. electron accelerator

Science.gov (United States)

Begemann, M.; Gräff, G.; Herminghaus, H.; Kalinowsky, H.; Ley, R.

1982-10-01

A 14 MeV c.w. electron accelerator is used for pair production in a tungsten target of 0.7 radiation lengths thickness. A small fraction of the positrons is thermalized and diffuses out of the surface ofsurface of a well annealed tungsten foil coated with MgO which is positioned immediately behind the target. The slow positrons are extracted from the target region and magnetically guided over a distance of 10 m onto a channelplate multiplier at the end of an S-shaped solenoid. The positrons are identified by their annihilation radiation using two NaI-detectors. The intensity of the slow positrons is proportional to the accelerator electron beam current. The maximum intensity of 2.2 × 10 5 slow positrons per second reaching thedetector at an accelerator current of 15 μA was limited by the power deposited in the uncooled target. The energy of the positrons is concentrated in a small region at about 1 eV and clearly demonstrates the emission of thermal positrons.

Slow positron beam production by a 14 MeV c.w. electron accelerator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Begemann, M.; Graeff, G.; Herminghaus, H.; Kalinowsky, H.; Ley, R.

1982-01-01

A 14 MeV c.w. electron accelerator is used for pair production in a tungsten target of 0.7 radiation lengths thickness. A small fraction of the positrons is thermalized and diffuses out of the surface of a well annealed tungsten foil coated with MgO which is positioned immediately behind the target. The slow positrons are extracted from the target region and magnetically guided over a distance of 10 m onto a channelplate multiplier at the end of an S-shaped solenoid. The positrons are identified by their annihilation radiation using two Nal-detectors. The intensity of the slow positrons is proportional to the accelerator electron beam current. The maximum intensity of 2.2 x 10 5 slow positrons per second reaching the detector at an accelerator current of 15 μA was limited by the power deposited in the uncooled target. The energy of the positrons is concentrated in a small region at about 1 eV and clearly demonstrates the emission of thermal positrons. (orig.)

Accelerator based synthesis of hydroxyapatite by MeV ion implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rautray, Tapash R.; Narayanan, R.; Kwon, Tae-Yub; Kim, Kyo-Han

2010-01-01

Accelerator based MeV ion implantation of Ca 2+ and P 2+ into the titanium substrate to form hydroxyapatite (HA) has been carried out. Calcium hydroxide was formed after heating the calcium implanted titanium in air at 80 o C for 3 h. Upon subsequent annealing for 5 min at 600 o C HA was formed on the surface. Penetration depth of the HA layer in this method is much higher as compared to keV ion implantation. By elemental analysis, Ca/P ratio of the HA was found to be 1.76 which is higher than the ideal 1.67. This higher Ca/P ratio is attributed to the higher penetration depth of the MeV technique used.

Optimum design for 12 MeV linear induction accelerator diode

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu Haijun; Shi Jinshui; Li Qin; He Guorong; Ma Bing; Wang Jingsheng; Wang Liping

2001-01-01

A series of optimization designs of electron diode in 12 Mev linear induction accelerator are studied by using numerical simulation code MAGIC and experiment method in order to improve the electron beam quality. MAGIC code solves the Maxwell equations in the presence of charged particle, electron field distribution on cathode surface which influences electron emission is given, the optimum diode is obtained by comparing the results of experiment in 12 MeV linear induction accelerator. The author also gives SEM analysis and experiment comparison of velvet emission. Finally, emitted current I e = 8.52 kA, beam current I 8 ≥ 3.0 kA, targeted current I 0 ≥ 2.30 kA with optimum diode are obtained

Construction of 100 MeV electron linac in Kyoto University

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shirai, Toshiyuki; Sugimura, Takeshi; Kando, Masaki

1995-01-01

An electron linear accelerator and a compact storage ring have been constructed at Kyoto University. The beam energy of the storage ring is 300 MeV and will be utilized as a synchrotron radiation source. The output beam energy of the linac is 100 MeV and the designed beam current is 100 mA at the pulse width of 1 μsec. The construction of the linac had been finished and the test is under going. The electron beam of 300 mA is extracted from the electron gun and the peak RF power of 20 MW is successfully fed to the accelerating structures at the pulse width of 2 μsec. (author)

Electromagnetic form factors for the 14.39 and 17.50 MeV levels of 9Be

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nascimento, I.C.; Wong, C.F.; Caplan, H.S.

1974-01-01

The form factors for the 14.39 and 17.50 MeV levels of 9 Be have been measured for momentum transfer in the range between 0.47 and 1.08 fm -1 . Radiative widths for the transitions and the transition radii were also obtained. The results are consistent with the attribution of an M1 transition to the 14.39 MeV level and an M2 to the 17.50 MeV level [pt

Wood efficiency as passive shield for particles and photons of 0,5 to 4,6 MeV between 940 and 377 mb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aguiar, O.D. de; Nordemann, D.J.R.

1986-01-01

A pair of scintillators NaI (Tl), 4'x4', one completly shielded with 20 g/cm 2 of high density wood (1.3 g/cm 3 ) and the other unshielded, has been flown aboard a Bandeirante aircraft over the region of Sao Jose dos Campos (23 0 14'S, 314 0 9'E), up to altitudes of 25000 feet (377mb). The spectra of the detectors with and without the wood shield are similar, and the spectral indices indicate that they are function of atmospheric depth in the range 0.6-2.4 MeV. Between 2.4 and 4.6 MeV the shielded detector presented a counting rate which is 20% lower than the counting rate obtained by the unshielded detector. In this same energy range the counting rate of the shielded detector is equal to the counting rate of the unshielded detector located at an atmospherical depth of 35 g/cm 2 higher. The Attenuation length showed a decrease with the energy in the 0.65 to 4.6 MeV range and an increase above this energy. This increase is, probably, due to the strong influence of muons and electrons in this range. (Author) [pt

200 MeV proton scattering on nuclei. Energetic proton analysis at large angle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaigne, G.

1983-01-01

By means of a magnetic spectrometer for which has been realized an acceptance's programme, cross-sections for backward emission have been measured (100 MeV till the cinematic limit) (102 0 to 106 0 ) in the interaction proton-nucleus at 200 MeV from light, medium and heavy target. Our experimental set-up used from a polyethylene target (CH2) allowed to obtain, for the elastic cross-section (p,p), values in agreement with those ones determined by an analyse in phase-shift at 200 MeV. A comparison of our experimental spectra with the theory based on the Q.T.B.S. model (Quasi Two Body Scaling) and on a more conventional one of intranuclear cascades showed that the knock out mechanisms inside the nucleus are always unknown [fr

Simulation study of neutron production in thick beryllium targets by 35 MeV and 50.5 MeV proton beams

Science.gov (United States)

Shin, Jae Won; Park, Tae-Sun

2017-09-01

A data-driven nuclear model dedicated to an accurate description of neutron productions in beryllium targets bombarded by proton beams is developed as a custom development that can be used as an add-on to GEANT4 code. The developed model, G4Data(Endf7.1), takes as inputs the total and differential cross section data of ENDF/B-VII.1 for not only the charge-exchange 9Be(p,n)9B reaction which produces discrete neutrons but also the nuclear reactions relevant for the production of continuum neutrons such as 9Be(p,pn)8Be and 9Be(p,n α) 5Li . In our benchmarking simulations for two experiments with 35 MeV and 50.5 MeV proton beams impinged on 1.16 and 1.05 cm thick beryllium targets, respectively, we find that the G4Data(Endf7.1) model can reproduce both the total amounts and the spectral shapes of the measured neutron yield data in a satisfactory manner, while all the considered hadronic models of GEANT4 cannot.

6 MeV RF Linac for cargo scanning and industrial radiography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2017-01-01

RF Linac-based X-ray sources are very widely used for cargo-scanning and industrial X-ray radiography applications. A 6 MeV on-axis coupled-cavity S-band RF linac has been designed, developed and tested successfully at Electron Beam Centre, Navi Mumbai. This facility falls under the purview of BARC Safety Council, which has conducted safety reviews and awarded regulatory clearances for the operation of the linac system. This paper outlines the salient features of the 6 MeV linac, its safety aspects and test results. A brief history of regulatory aspects is also presented

MeV ion loss during 3He minority heating in TFTR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zweben, S.J.; Hammett, G.; Boivin, R.; Phillips, C.; Wilson, R.

1992-01-01

The loss of MeV ions during 3 He ICRH minority heating experiments has been measured using scintillator detectors near the wall of TFTR. The observed MeV ion losses to the bottom (90 degrees poloidal) detector are generally consistent with the expected first-orbit loss of D- 3 He alpha particle fusion products, with an inferred global reaction rate up to ∼10 16 reactions/sec. A qualitatively similar but unexpectedly large loss occurs 45 degrees poloidally below the outer midplane. This additional loss might be due to ICRH tail ions or to ICRH wave-induced loss of previously confined fusion products

Measurements of fission product yield in the neutron-induced fission of 238U with average energies of 9.35 MeV and 12.52 MeV

Science.gov (United States)

Mukerji, Sadhana; Krishnani, Pritam Das; Shivashankar, Byrapura Siddaramaiah; Mulik, Vikas Kaluram; Suryanarayana, Saraswatula Venkat; Naik, Haladhara; Goswami, Ashok

2014-07-01

The yields of various fission products in the neutron-induced fission of 238U with the flux-weightedaveraged neutron energies of 9.35 MeV and 12.52 MeV were determined by using an off-line gammaray spectroscopic technique. The neutrons were generated using the 7Li(p, n) reaction at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Pelletron facility, Mumbai. The gamma- ray activities of the fission products were counted in a highly-shielded HPGe detector over a period of several weeks to identify the decaying fission products. At both the neutron energies, the fission-yield values are reported for twelve fission product. The results obtained from the present work have been compared with the similar data for mono-energetic neutrons of comparable energy from the literature and are found to be in good agreement. The peak-to-valley (P/V) ratios were calculated from the fission-yield data and were found to decreases for neutron energy from 9.35 to 12.52 MeV, which indicates the role of excitation energy. The effect of the nuclear structure on the fission product-yield is discussed.

Measurement of the distributions of internuclear separations in 3.0-MeV H2+ and 3.63-MeV HeH+ beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kanter, E.P.; Cooney, P.J.; Gemmell, D.S.; Vager, Z.; Pietsch, W.J.; Zabransky, B.J.

1979-01-01

Angular distributions of charged dissociation fragments are measured for 3.0-MeV H 2 + and 3.63-MeV HeH + ions incident on approx. 160 A carbon targets. By using the reflection method for a pure Coulomb potential, there are unfolded from these data the distributions of internuclear separations for each molecular-ion species prior to dissociation. These results are insensitive to ion-source conditions. For H 2 + this distribution, while approx. 2 times wider than a pure ground vibrational state population, is markedly different from the Franck-Condon distribution that has been previously assumed by other authors with similar rf and duo-plasmatron ion sources. For HeH + the distribution is slightly broader (approx. 1.5 times) than that expected for a pure ground state population. From the data, the initial vibrational state population in the incident beam can be extracted. 11 references

Neutron-photon multigroup cross sections for neutron energies up to 400 MeV: HILO86R

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kotegawa, Hiroshi; Nakane, Yoshihiro; Hasegawa, Akira; Tanaka, Shun-ichi

1993-02-01

A macroscopic multigroup cross section library of 66 neutron and 22 photon groups for neutron energies up to 400 MeV: HILO86R is prepared for 10 typical shielding materials; water, concrete, iron, air, graphite, polyethylene, heavy concrete, lead, aluminum and soil. The library is a revision of the DLC-119/HILO86, in which only the cross sections below 19.6 MeV have been exchanged with a group cross section processed from the JENDL-3 microscopic cross section library. In the HILO86R library, self shielding factors are used to produce effective cross sections for neutrons less than 19.6 MeV considering rather coarse energy meshes. Energy spectra and dose attenuation in water, concrete and iron have been compared among the HILO, HILO86 and HILO86R libraries for different energy neutron sources. Significant discrepancy has been observed in the energy spectra less than a couple of MeV energy in iron among the libraries, resulting large difference in the dose attenuation. The difference was attributed to the effect of self-shielding factor, namely to the difference between infinite dilution and effective cross sections. Even for 400 MeV neutron source the influence of the self-shielding factor is significant, nevertheless only the cross sections below 19.6 MeV are exchanged. (author)