Quaternary selenostannates Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6} and AGaSnSe{sub 4} (A=K, Rb, and Cs) through rapid cooling of melts. Kinetics versus thermodynamics in the polymorphism of AGaSnSe{sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hwang, S -J; Iyer, R G; Kanatzidis, M G

2004-10-01

The quaternary alkali-metal gallium selenostannates, Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6} and AGaSnSe{sub 4} (A=K, Rb, and Cs), were synthesized by reacting alkali-metal selenide, Ga, Sn, and Se with a flame melting-rapid cooling method. Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6} crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric space group C2 with cell constants a=13.308(3) A, b=7.594(2) A, c=13.842(3) A, {beta}=118.730(4) deg., V=1226.7(5) A{sup 3}. {alpha}-KGaSnSe{sub 4} crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I4/mcm with a=8.186(5) A and c=6.403(5) A, V=429.1(5) A{sup 3}. {beta}-KGaSnSe{sub 4} crystallizes in the space group P2{sub 1}/c with cell constants a=7.490(2) A, b=12.578(3) A, c=18.306(5) A, {beta}=98.653(5) deg., V=1705.0(8) A{sup 3}. The unit cell of isostructural RbGaSnSe{sub 4} is a=7.567(2) A, b=12.656(3) A, c=18.277(4) A, {beta}=95.924(4) deg., V=1741.1(7) A{sup 3}. CsGaSnSe{sub 4} crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmcn with a=7.679(2) A, b=12.655(3) A, c=18.278(5) A, V=1776.1(8) A{sup 3}. The structure of Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6} consists of a polar three-dimensional network of trimeric (Sn,Ga){sub 3}Se{sub 9} units with Na atoms located in tunnels. The AGaSnSe{sub 4} possess layered structures. The compounds show nearly the same Raman spectral features, except for Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6}. Optical band gaps, determined from UV-Vis spectroscopy, range from 1.50 eV in Na{sub 2-x}Ga{sub 2-x}Sn{sub 1+x}Se{sub 6} to 1.97 eV in CsGaSnSe{sub 4}. Cooling of the melts of KGaSnSe{sub 4} and RbGaSnSe{sub 4} produces only kinetically stable products. The thermodynamically stable product is accessible under extended annealing, which leads to the so-called {gamma}-form (BaGa{sub 2}S{sub 4}-type) of these compounds.

Influence of Alkali Metal Substitution on the Phase Transition Behavior of CsGaQ2 (Q = S, Se

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Friedrich

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The formation of solid solution series Cs1−xMxGaQ2-mC64 (M = K, Rb; Q = S, Se; x = 0–1 was studied by X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods, revealing a complete miscibility of CsGaQ2-mC64 with RbGaQ2 and KGaSe2, and a large miscibility gap with KGaS2. All solid solution members exhibit similar Raman spectra, indicating the covalent Ga-Q bonding character. The similar optical band gaps likewise further contribute to this conclusion. Up to a certain degree of substitution, these solid solutions undergo a phase transition similar to CsGaQ2-mC64. The influence of the substitution parameter x on phase transition process was investigated in situ using high-temperature X-ray powder diffraction experiments. Phase-pure solid solutions of the high-temperature polymorphs Cs1−xMxGaQ2-mC16 were obtained up to xmax(K = 0.1 and xmax(Rb = 0.3. The crystal structures of these new CsGaQ2-mC16 analogous high-temperature phases were refined from synchrotron diffraction data by Rietveld-refinement.

Coefficients of distribution and accumulation of K, Rb, Cs and 137Cs in the intensive poultry breeding cycle

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Djuric, G.; Ajdacic, N.; Institut za Nuklearne Nauke Boris Kidric, Belgrade

1984-01-01

The concentration of K,Rb,Cs and the activity level of Cs-137 in samples from the intensive poultry breeding cycle (feed, meat, eggs), under the condition of chronic alimentary contamination is presented. Concentrations of Cs and Rb were determined by non-destructive neutron activation analysis, concentration of K by atomic absorption flame photometry and activity of Cs-137 by gamma spectrometric analysis. On the basis of these results, coefficients of distribution and accumulation were calculated. The distribution coefficients of the analysed stable isotopes in meat have values close to 1, whereas for various parts of egg these coefficients vary between 0.5 and 1.5. Significant differences in Cs-137 distribution in various parts of egg were established. The values of accumulation coefficients indicate that all analysed elements selectively accumulate in the meat of young birds (broilers), and Cs-137 accumulates in the egg white as well. (orig.)

On thermal expansion of RbD2PO4, CsH2PO4 and CsDrPO4 crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vlokh, O.G.; Shchur, Ya.I.; Klymiv, I.M.

1994-01-01

Thermal expansion of RbD 2 PO 4 , CsH 2 PO 4 , CsD 2 PO 4 crystals in a wide range of temperatures embracing points of phase transitions was studied. An explanation of anomalous behaviour of thermal expansion factor along directions b and c in the course of RbD 2 PO 4 transfer into intermediate phase was suggested. 10 refs., 4 figs

Independent fission yields of Rb and Cs from thermal-neutron-induced fission of 239Pu

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balestrini, S.J.; Forman, L.

1975-01-01

The relative independent fission yields of Rb and Cs from thermal-neutron-induced fission of 239 Pu have been measured on line using a mass spectrograph and thermalized neutrons from a burst reactor. Independent yields were derived by normalizing the measurements to products of chain yields and fractional independent yields, estimating the latter from measured cumulative yields of Kr and Xe. Comparing the independent yields with those from 238 U fission, the 239 Pu results show shifts in isotopic yield distribution toward lower mass for both Rb and Cs and also toward the production of more Cs and less Rb when 239 Pu is fissioned

XRD and DSC study of the formation and the melting of a new zeolite like borosilicate CsBSi5O12 and (Cs,Rb)BSi5O12 solid solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bubnova, R.S.; Ugolkov, V.L.; Krzhizhanovskaya, M.G.; Filatov, S.K.; Paufler, P.

2007-01-01

Polycrystalline CsBSi 5 O 12 was prepared from a stoichiometric mixture by solid-state reaction above 1000 C. The solid solutions Cs 1-x Rb x BSi 5 O 12 were obtained at 1000 C during a long heat treatment of polycrystalline Cs 1-x Rb x BSi 2 O 6 boropollucites (x Rb = 0, 0.05, 0.2, 0.4). A new borosilicate compound and its solid solutions were studied using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), annealing, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TG). For Cs,Rb-boropollucites the new phase formation is accompanied by significant mass losses detected by DSC and TG. The following mechanism of phase transformations is assumed: (Cs,Rb)BSi 2 O 6 → (Cs,Rb)BSi 5 O 12 + (Cs,Rb)BO 2 ↑. The zeolite phase forms as a result of the boropollucite decomposition over 1000 C. Zeolite decomposes also on further heating and the SiO 2 reflections are observed in the XRD pattern only. Thus above 1000 C both boropollucite and zeolite phases are unstable presumably due to the ability of the alkali cations to leave the structure. Using XRD the unit cell parameters of CsBSi 5 O 12 have been determined in the orthorhombic crystal system: a = 16.242(4) A, b = 13.360(4) A, c = 4.874(1) A. The compound is isostructural with the zeolite compound CsAlSi 5 O 12 . In the crystal structure of Cs 1-x Rb x BSi 5 O 12 solid solutions the changes of cell parameters are insignificant under the substitution of Cs by Rb atoms that indicates a very limited substitution range. (orig.)

Hydrothermal syntheses and characterization of two layered molybdenum selenites, Rb2(MoO3)3SeO3 and Tl2(MoO3)3SeO3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dussack, L.L.; Harrison, W.T.A.; Jacobson, A.J.

1996-01-01

The hydrothermal syntheses of Rb 2 (MoO 3 ) 3 SeO 3 , and Tl 2 (MoO 3 ) 3 SeO 3 are described. These compounds have structures built up from hexagonal-WO 3 -type sheets and are isostructural with the previously reported Cs 2 (MoO 3 ) 3 SeO 3 and (NH 4 ) 2 (MoO 3 ) 3 SeO 3 . Powder X-ray, thermogravimetric, and spectroscopic data are presented and discussed

Common window resonance features in K and heavier alkaline atoms Rb and Cs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koide, Michi; Koike, Fumihiro; Nagata, Tetsuo

2002-01-01

A previous study of subvalence s-shell photoionization of potassium [Koide et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 71 (2002) 1676] has been extended to the cases of heavier alkaline atoms Rb and Cs. We have measured the photoion time-of-flight spectra using monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Dual windows resonance structure previously observed in K was also found in Rb and Cs, suggesting that those structure are general features in alkaline atoms. We have observed also the Rydberg series of resonances that appear in dual windows. Our data analysis shows that the resonance widths are broad when compared with its rare gas neighbors. Based on multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations, the Rydberg series of resonances were assigned to the 4s 1 4p 6 5s5p excitations embedded in the 4p 5 5s continua for Rb and to the 5s 1 5p 6 6s6p excitations embedded in the 5p 5 6s continua for Cs. (author)

An open-framework bimetallic chalcogenide structure K3Rb3Zn4Sn3Se13 built on a unique [Zn4Sn3Se16]12- cluster: synthesis, crystal structure, ion exchange and optical properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu Min; Su Weiping; Jasutkar, Niren; Huang, Xiaoying; Li Jing

2005-01-01

Single crystals of K 3 Rb 3 Zn 4 Sn 3 Se 13 were synthesized by solvothermal method. The building block in this structure is a [Zn 4 Sn 3 Se 16 ] 12- cluster which consists of four ZnSe 4 and three SnSe 4 tetrahedra connected through corner-sharing of Se atoms. The 3D network contains intersecting channels running parallel to the crystallographic [2 1 1], [1-1-1] and [12-1] directions. The disordered K + and Rb + cations reside in these channels. Ion exchange of Cs + with disordered Rb + /K + ions in the structure showed a partial replacement of 15.8%. Optical diffuse reflectance experiments were carried out and gave a sharp absorption edge at 2.6 eV

Insight into the structural, electronic, elastic and optical properties of the alkali hydride compounds, XH (X = Rb and Cs)

Science.gov (United States)

Jaradat, Raed; Abu-Jafar, Mohammed; Abdelraziq, Issam; Mousa, Ahmad; Ouahrani, Tarik; Khenata, Rabah

2018-04-01

The equilibrium structural parameters, electronic and optical properties of the alkali hydrides RbH and CsH compounds in rock-salt (RS) and cesium chloride (CsCl) structures have been studied using the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FP-LAPW) method. Wu and Cohen generalized gradient approximation (WC-GGA) was used for the exchange-correlation potential to compute the equilibrium structural parameters, such as the lattice constant (a0), the bulk modulus (B) and bulk modulus first order pressure derivative (B'). In addition to the WC-GGA, the modified Becke Johnson (mBJ) scheme has been also used to overcome the underestimation of the band gap energies. RbH and CsH compounds are found to be semiconductors (wide energy-band gap) using the WC-GGA method, while they are insulators using the mBJ-GGA method. Elastic constants, mechanical and thermodynamic properties were obtained by using the IRelast package. RbH and CsH compounds at ambient pressure are mechanically stable in RS and CsCl structures; they satisfy the Born mechanical stability criteria. Elastic constants (Cij), bulk modulus (B), shear modulus (S) and Debye temperatures (θD) of RbH and CsH compounds decrease as the alkali radius increases. The RS structure of these compounds at ambient conditions is mechanically stronger than CsCl structure. RbH and CsH in RS and CsCl structures are suitable as dielectric compounds. The wide direct energy band gap for these compounds make them promising compounds for optoelectronic UV device applications. Both RbH and CsH have a wide absorption region, on the other hand RbH absorption is very huge compared to the CsH absorption, RbH is an excellent absorbent material, maximum absorption regions are located in the middle ultraviolet (MUV) region and far ultraviolet (FUV) region. The absorption coefficient α (w), imaginary part of the dielectric constant ɛ2(w) and the extinction coefficient k(w) vary in the same way. The present calculated results are in

Crystal structure of 4-RbHo(PO3)4, 4-RbTm(PO3)4 and 4-CsEr(PO3)4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maksimova, S.I.; Palkina, K.K.; Chibiskova, N.T.

1982-01-01

X-ray structural study of 4-RbLn(PO 3 ) 4 (Ln=Mo, Tm) and 4-CsEr(PO 3 ) 4 is carried out. The compounds are crystallized in monoclinic crystal system, sp. gr P2 1 /n. Parameters of their unit cell, atom coordinates, anisotropic heat parameters, interatomic distances and valent angles are given. 4-RbHo(PO 3 ) 4 , 4-RbTm(PO 3 ) 4 , 4-CsEr(PO 3 ) 4 are isostructural to previously studied TlNd(PO 3 ) and 4-RbNd(PO 3 ) 4 . Using as an example the structural type 4-M 1 Ln(PO 3 ) 4 it is shown that the change of the shortest distances Ln-Ln, M 1 -M 1 and M 1 -Ln, as well as of degree of polymorphous chain corrugation to a higher extent depends on rare earth atom dimensions, than on monovalent metal ion dimensions [ru

Magnetic properties of the alkali metal ozonides KO3, RbO3, and CsO3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lueken, H.; Deussen, M.; Jansen, M.; Hesse, W.; Schnick, W.

1987-01-01

The magnetic susceptibilities of KO 3 , RbO 3 and CsO 3 have been determined between 3.6 and 250 K. Above 50 K Curie-Weiss behaviour is observed. Magnetic moments of 1.74 μ B (KO 3 , CsO 3 ) and 1.80 μ B (RbO 3 ) calculated from the Curie-Weiss straight lines correspond with spin-only moments expected for isolated O 3 - species with one unpaired electron. The Weiss constants Θ are -34 K (KO 3 ), -23 K (RbO 3 ) and -10 K (CsO 3 ). The low temperature behaviour of KO 3 and RbO 3 (broad maxima in susceptibility at 20 and 17 K, respectively, and minima at 6 K) is typical of systems which show with decreasing temperature low-dimensional antiferromagnetic and three-dimensional magnetic ordering. Inspecting the intermolecular distances between oxygen atoms the pathways of exchange interactions are discussed. (author)

Structural phase transitions in CsPbCl/sub 3/ and RbCdCl/sub 3/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Plesko, S; Kind, R; Roos, J [Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology, Zuerich. Lab. of Solid State Physics

1978-08-01

Structural phase transitions in CsPbCl/sub 3/ have been investigated by /sup 133/Cs and /sup 87/Rb nuclear magnetic resonance. The space groups of the room temperature phase in CsPbCl/sub 3/ and of two unknown phases in RbCdCl/sub 3/ could be clarified. Thus both perovskites show the same phase sequence from cubic Pm3m-O sub(h)sup(1) to tetragonal P4/mbm-D sub(4h)sup(5), orthorhombic Cmcm-D sub(2h)sup(17) and further orthorhombic Pnma-D sub(2h)sup(16).

Systems of Rb2I2-CdI2-PbI2 and Cs2I2-CdI2-PbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volchanskaya, V.V.; Il'yasov, I.I.

1979-01-01

The Rb 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 and Cs 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 triple systems have been studied, using the visual-polythermal method. The liquidus of the systems researched consists of the components and compounds crystallization fields: 2RbIxCdI 2 , 2RbIxRbI 2 , RbIxPbI 2 and 2CsIxCdI 2 , 4CsIxPbI 2 , CsIxPbI 2 , respectively. The crystallization fields converge in four non-variant points at 360, 280, 205 and 192 deg C in the Rb 2 I 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 system and at 375, 368, 208 and 190 deg C in the CsI 2 -CdI 2 -PbI 2 system

An adiabatic spectroscopic investigation of the CsRb system in ground and numerous excited states

Science.gov (United States)

Souissi, Hanen; Jellali, Soulef; Maha, Chaieb; Habli, Héla; Oujia, Brahim; Gadéa, Florent Xavier

2017-10-01

Via ab-initio approximations, we investigate the electronic and structural features of the CsRb molecule. Adiabatic potential energy curves of 261,3Σ+, 181,3Π and 61,3Δ electronic states with their derived spectroscopic constants as well as vibrational levels spacing have been carried out and well explained. Our approach is founded on an Effective Core Potential (ECP) describing the valence electrons of the system. Using a large Gaussian basis set, the full valence Configuration Interaction can be applied easily on the two-effective valence electrons of the CsRb system. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the electric dipolar properties has been made through the investigation of both permanent and transition dipole moments (PDM and TDM). It is significant that the ionic character connected with electron transfer that is linked to Cs+ Rb- state has been clearly illustrated in the adiabatic permanent dipole moment.

A full dimensional investigation of infrared spectroscopy of the RbCs dimer using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Huihui; Yang, Yonggang, E-mail: ygyang@sxu.edu.cn; Xiao, Liantuan; Jia, Suotang [State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 (China)

2013-12-28

The geometry and infrared absorption spectrum of (RbCs){sub 2} have been studied by full dimensional quantum dynamics simulations. For this purpose, the potential energy and dipole moment surfaces are generated by means of a cluster expansion with all two and three mode correlations, and fitted to analytical expressions with negligible deviations. Accordingly, the ground state (RbCs){sub 2} has a diamond geometry with D{sub 2h} symmetry. The infrared spectrum with frequencies up to 120 cm{sup −1}, exhibits rich details of the fundamentals, overtones, and combination bands; the highest fundamental frequency of (RbCs){sub 2} is only 40.26 cm{sup −1}. The present study unravels important details of the interactions between the widely investigated ultracold RbCs molecules.

Direct fit of spectroscopic data of diatomic molecules by using genetic algorithms: II. The ground state of RbCs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Almeida, Marcos M; Prudente, Frederico V; Fellows, Carlos E; Marques, Jorge M C; Pereira, Francisco B

2011-01-01

We extend our previous methodology based on genetic algorithms (Marques et al 2008 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 41 085103) to carry out the challenging fit of the RbCs potential curve to spectroscopic data. Specifically, we have fitted an analytic functional form to line positions of the high-resolution Fourier transform spectrum of RbCs obtained by a laser-induced fluorescence technique. The results for the ground electronic state of RbCs show that the present method provides an efficient way to obtain diatomic potentials with great accuracy.

Cs2UPd3Se6

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

George N. Oh

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Dicaesium uranium(IV tripalladium(II hexaselenide, Cs2UPd3Se6, crystallizes in the space group Fmmm in the Ba2NaCu3O6 structure type. The asymmetric unit comprises the following atoms with site symmetries as shown: U1 (mm2, Cs1 (222, Cs2 (m2m, Pd1 (.m., Pd2 (2mm, Se1 (m.., and Se2 (1. This layered structure contains six edge-sharing square-planar [PdSe4] units that form a hexagon. These, in turn, edge-share with [USe6] trigonal–prismatic units, forming an extended layer parallel to (010. The layers are stacked along [010]. They are staggered, and are separated by the Cs atoms. The Cs atoms are either coordinated in a square antiprism of Se atoms or are ten-coordinate, with one square face and the opposite face hexagonal.

Ternary rare-earth halides of the A2MX5 type (A = K, In, NH4, Rb, Cs; X = Cl, Br, I)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meyer, G.; Soose, J.; Moritz, A.; Vitt, V.; Holljes, T.

1985-01-01

Ternary rare-earth (=M) chlorides, bromides, and iodides In 2 MCl 5 , (NH 4 ) 2 MCl 5 , Rb 2 MCl 5 , Cs 2 MCl 5 , CsRbMCl 5 , K 2 MBr 5 , Rb 2 MBr 5 , K 2 MI 5 , and Rb 2 MI 5 have been synthesized. Single crystals of In 2 PrCl 5 , Rb 2 PrCl 5 , K 2 PrBr 5 , and K 2 PrI 5 were grown and the structures refined. The other halides were characterized by X-ray powder patterns. They are isotypic either with K 2 PrCl 5 (orthorhombic, Pnma, Z = 4, hexagonal arrangement of chains of edge-connected polyhedra [PrX 7 ]) or with Cs 2 DyCl 5 (orthorhombic, Pbnm, Z = 4, hexagonal arrangement of cis-corner-connected octahedra [DyCl 6 ]) which may be discriminated in structure field diagrams. The thermal expansion was investigated for Cs 2 LuCl 5 and Rb 2 PrX 5 (X = Cl, Br, I). (author)

Antiferromagnetic CsCrF{sub 5} and canted antiferromagnetism in RbCrF{sub 5} and KCrF{sub 5}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jagličić, Zvonko, E-mail: zvonko.jaglicic@imfm.si [University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, and Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana (Slovenia); Mazej, Zoran, E-mail: zoran.mazej@ijs.si [Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana (Slovenia)

2017-07-15

Highlights: • Cr(IV) ions are antiferromagnetically coupled within chains in ACrF{sub 5} (A = Cs, Rb, K). • Small structural difference causes huge difference in magnetic properties below 10 K. • Canted antiferromagnetism has been observed in RbCrF{sub 5} and KCrF{sub 5} at low temperature. - Abstract: In ACrF{sub 5} (A = Cs, Rb, K), Cr(IV) ions are coordinated by six fluoride ligands where the resulting CrF{sub 6} octahedra share cis vertexes to form infinite chains of ([Cr{sup IV}F{sub 5}]{sup −}){sub n}. The geometry of the latter in Cs compound differs from that in K and Rb compounds. The results of investigations of the magnetic behaviour of these compounds have shown that an antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction is present within the chains with J{sub Cs} = −10.2 cm{sup −1}, J{sub Rb} = −13.3 cm{sup −1}, and J{sub K} = −13.1 cm{sup −1}. Additional ferromagnetic-like long-range ordering has been observed in KCrF{sub 5} and RbCrF{sub 5} below 6 K which can be explained, in a correlation with their crystal structures, as canted antiferromagnetism.

Na, Rb and Cs partitioning between metal, silicate and sulfide: Implications for volatile depletion in terrestrial planets

Science.gov (United States)

Boujibar, A.; Fei, Y.; Du, Z.; Righter, K.; Bullock, E. S.

2017-12-01

Inner Solar System materials are known for their depletion in volatile elements, including the moderately volatile alkalis: Na, K, Rb, and Cs. The origin of this depletion is still uncertain, as several processes could have been involved, during the nebular condensation or planetary accretion. Volatile depletion is commonly estimated through comparison of alkali concentrations relatively to those of chondrites, assuming they remain in planetary mantles during core segregation. However, experimental studies show that substantial K can partition into metals that are enriched in sulfur and oxygen. Several models have also suggested that sulfides may have played an important role during episodes of sulfide segregation from a crystallizing magma ocean (sulfide matte) or accretion of S-rich planetary embryos. For Mercury, a sulfide layer could be present between core and mantle, due to immiscibility between Si-rich and S-rich metals. Therefore, here we investigate whether alkali elements (Na, Cs and Rb) could be partly sequestered in planetary cores during their differentiation. We conducted experiments at high pressure and temperature (1 to 5 GPa and up to 1900 °C) to determine partition coefficients of Na, Rb and Cs between metal and silicate. Our results show that pressure, temperature, sulfur and oxygen in metals enhance the partitioning of Na, Rb and Cs into metals, as previously found for K. For all three investigated alkalis (Na, Rb and Cs), we found a maximum partition coefficient of 1 between sulfides containing 13 wt% O and silicate melt. Therefore, S-rich cores or sulfide layers formed due to immiscibility in Fe-S-O systems could have acted as important geochemical reservoirs for alkali elements. Using our experimental data and different assumptions on initial bulk abundances, we evaluate volatile depletion in terrestrial planets, by comparing resulting mantle alkali concentrations after core segregation, with actual concentrations in the Earth's mantle.

Investigation on ultracold RbCs molecules in (2)0{sup +} long-range state below the Rb(5S{sub 1/2}) + Cs(6P{sub 1/2}) asymptote by high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yuan, Jinpeng; Ji, Zhonghua; Li, Zhonghao; Zhao, Yanting, E-mail: zhaoyt@sxu.edu.cn; Xiao, Liantuan; Jia, Suotang [State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 (China)

2015-07-28

We present high resolution photoassociation spectroscopy of RbCs molecules in (2)0{sup +} long-range state below the Rb(5S{sub 1/2}) + Cs(6P{sub 1/2}) asymptote and derive the corresponding C{sub 6} coefficient, which is used to revise the potential energy curves. The excited state molecules are produced in a dual-species dark spontaneous force optical trap and detected by ionizing ground state molecules after spontaneous decay, using a high sensitive time-of-flight mass spectrum. With the help of resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization technique, we obtain considerable high resolution photoassociation spectrum with rovibrational states, some of which have never been observed before. By applying the LeRoy-Bernstein method, we assign the vibrational quantum numbers and deduce C{sub 6} coefficient, which agrees with the theoretical value of A{sup 1}Σ{sup +} state correlated to Rb(5S{sub 1/2}) + Cs(6P{sub 1/2}) asymptote. The obtained C{sub 6} coefficient is used to revise the long-range potential energy curve for (2)0{sup +} state, which possesses unique A − b mixing characteristic and can be a good candidate for the production of absolutely ground state molecule.

Independent yields of Rb and Cs isotopes from thermal-neutron induced fission of 235U

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balestrini, S.J.; Decker, R.; Wollnik, H.; Wuensch, K.D.; Jung, G.; Koglin, E.; Siegert, G.

1979-01-01

The relative yields of Rb and Cs isotopes from thermal-neutron fission of 235 U have been redetermined using the mass separator OSTIS, on-line at a neutron guide of the High-Flux Beam Reactor at the Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France. The separator ion source was a hot oven containing 235 U in a graphite matrix. The neutron beam was pulsed. Alkali fission products diffused out of the graphite and were ionized, thus producing a stepwise increase in the analyzed ion beam proportional to the independent fission yield. The ion beam and the fissions in the source were monitored simultaneously. The diffusion of Rb and Cs from the source was exponential in time with half-lives ranging from 2.8 to 18 sec, depending upon the element and source temperature. The independent fission yields of Rb and Cs are normalized by equating their element yields to each other and to a value computed from the charge distributions observed with the recoil separator LOHENGRIN and well established mass yields. Fractional independent yields are deduced from the independent fission yields, and these compare very well with the EOZ model described by Wahl

Cs7Sm11[TeO3]12Cl16 and Rb7Nd11[TeO3]12Br16, the new tellurite halides of the tetragonal Rb6LiNd11[SeO3]12Cl16 structure type

Science.gov (United States)

Charkin, Dmitri O.; Black, Cameron; Downie, Lewis J.; Sklovsky, Dmitry E.; Berdonosov, Peter S.; Olenev, Andrei V.; Zhou, Wuzong; Lightfoot, Philip; Dolgikh, Valery A.

2015-12-01

Two new rare-earth - alkali - tellurium oxide halides were synthesized by a salt flux technique and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structures of the new compounds Cs7Sm11[TeO3]12Cl16 (I) and Rb7Nd11[TeO3]12Br16 (II) (both tetragonal, space group I4/mcm) correspond to the sequence of [MLn11(TeO3)12] and [M6X16] layers and bear very strong similarities to those of known selenite analogs. We discuss the trends in similarities and differences in compositions and structural details between the Se and Te compounds; more members of the family are predicted.

Optical trapping and Feshbach spectroscopy of an ultracold Rb-Cs mixture

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pilch, K.

2009-01-01

We investigate quantum-mechanical interactions between ultracold rubidium and cesium in an optical trap at temperatures of a few micro kelvin. Our results provide, on the one hand, an experimental key to understand the collisional properties and, on the other hand, a tool to control the interspecies interactions. By performing loss measurements we locate several Feshbach resonances, which provide insight into the energy structure of weakly bound RbCs molecules near the dissociation threshold and allow for the production of such heteronuclear Feshbach molecules. In the future we will transfer these loosely-bound molecules into the absolute internal ground state. The availability of ultracold heteronuclear ground state molecules will open the door to investigate phenomena associated with ultracold polar quantum gases. In our new experimental set-up we are able to trap and cool rubidium and cesium atoms in their lowest internal states. First we load both species into a two-color magneto-optical trap, having full control over the single-species atom number. We extend the technique of degenerate Raman-sideband cooling to a two-color version, which is able to simultaneously cool and polarize both rubidium and cesium. Thereafter we load the atoms into a levitated crossed optical dipole trap. Because of the presence of the gradient magnetic field the trap is highly state selective and consequently provides perfect spin-polarization of the sample. Furthermore, a coincidence of the magnetic-moment-to-mass ratios of the two species allows for simultaneous levitation of both, which assures an almost perfect spatial overlap between the species. We perform Feshbach spectroscopy in two dierent spin channels of the mixture within a magnetic field ranging from 20 to 300 Gauss. In the lowest spin combination of the species we locate 23 interspecies Feshbach resonances, while in a higher spin mixture we find 2 resonances. The high number of resonances found within this range of

Independent yields of Rb and Cs isotopes from thermal-neutron induced fission of /sup 235/U

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balestrini, S.J.; Decker, R.; Wollnik, H.; Wuensch, K.D.; Jung, G.; Koglin, E.; Siegert, G.

1979-12-01

The relative yields of Rb and Cs isotopes from thermal-neutron fission of /sup 235/U have been redetermined using the mass separator OSTIS, on-line at a neutron guide of the High-Flux Beam Reactor at the Institut Laue-Langevin, Grenoble, France. The separator ion source was a hot oven containing /sup 235/U in a graphite matrix. The neutron beam was pulsed. Alkali fission products diffused out of the graphite and were ionized, thus producing a stepwise increase in the analyzed ion beam proportional to the independent fission yield. The ion beam and the fissions in the source were monitored simultaneously. The diffusion of Rb and Cs from the source was exponential in time with half-lives ranging from 2.8 to 18 sec, depending upon the element and source temperature. The independent fission yields of Rb and Cs are normalized by equating their element yields to each other and to a value computed from the charge distributions observed with the recoil separator LOHENGRIN and well established mass yields. Fractional independent yields are deduced from the independent fission yields, and these compare very well with the EOZ model described by Wahl.

Complexing in the system Rb2SeO4-UO2SeO4-H2O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuchumova, N.V.; Shtokova, I.P.; Serezhkina, L.B.; Serezhkin, V.N.

1989-01-01

Method of isothermal solubility at 25 deg C is used to study interaction of rubidium and uranyl selenates in aqueous solution. Formation of congruently soluble Rb 2 UO 2 (SeO 4 ) 2 x2H 2 O and Rb 2 (UO 2 ) 2 x(SeO 4 ) 3 x6H 2 O is stated. For the last compound crystallographic characteristics (a=10.668; b=14.935(9); c=13.891(7) A; β=104.94(1); Z=4, sp.gr. P2 1 /c) are determined. Thermal decomposition of a compound results in formation of Rb 2 U 2 O 7

Rovibrational dynamics of the RbCs molecule in static electric fields. Classical study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Arnaiz, Pedro F.; Iñarrea, Manuel [Área de Física, Universidad de la Rioja, E-26006 Logroño (Spain); Salas, J. Pablo, E-mail: josepablo.salas@unirioja.es [Área de Física, Universidad de la Rioja, E-26006 Logroño (Spain)

2012-04-02

We study the classical dynamics of the RbCs molecule in the presence of a static electric field. Under the Born–Oppenheimer approximation, we perform a rovibrational investigation which includes the interaction of the field with the molecular polarizability. The stability of the equilibrium points and the phase space structure of the system are explored in detail. We find that, for strong electric fields or for energies close to the dissociation threshold, the molecular polarizability causes relevant effects on the system dynamics. -- Highlights: ► We study the classical rovibrational dynamics of the alkali polar dimer RbCs. ► In the model we consider the interaction of the field with the molecular polarizability. ► The potential energy surface is studied depending on the electric field strength. ► Using surfaces of section we study the phase space structure. ► We find that the molecular polarizability causes relevant effects on the system dynamics.

Rovibrational dynamics of the RbCs molecule in static electric fields. Classical study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arnaiz, Pedro F.; Iñarrea, Manuel; Salas, J. Pablo

2012-01-01

We study the classical dynamics of the RbCs molecule in the presence of a static electric field. Under the Born–Oppenheimer approximation, we perform a rovibrational investigation which includes the interaction of the field with the molecular polarizability. The stability of the equilibrium points and the phase space structure of the system are explored in detail. We find that, for strong electric fields or for energies close to the dissociation threshold, the molecular polarizability causes relevant effects on the system dynamics. -- Highlights: ► We study the classical rovibrational dynamics of the alkali polar dimer RbCs. ► In the model we consider the interaction of the field with the molecular polarizability. ► The potential energy surface is studied depending on the electric field strength. ► Using surfaces of section we study the phase space structure. ► We find that the molecular polarizability causes relevant effects on the system dynamics.

Screening of plant species for comparative uptake abilities of radioactive Co, Rb, Sr and Cs from soil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gouthu, S.; Arie, T.; Ambe, S.; Yamaguchi, I.

1997-01-01

In case of radioactive fallout, persistence of long lived nuclides in soil and subsequent transfer into the food chain through plants over a long period is the key factor. The possibility of 'phytoremediation'is suggested to reduce the radionuclides in soil. To exploit the natural potential of some plants in absorbing or accumulating certain radionuclides and depleting the soil radioactivity, thirty-two plant species were tested under laboratory conditions for their comparative ability in taking up radioactive Rb, Co, Sr and Cs. Broccoli and tomato for Co; tomato, chard, sunflower and cucumber for Rb; cucumber, sunflower and turnip (Kyona) for Sr; and tomato, chard and cucumber for Cs were found to be effective compared to other species tested. (author)

Facile synthesis of CsPbBr3/PbSe composite clusters.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Thang Phan; Ozturk, Abdullah; Park, Jongee; Sohn, Woonbae; Lee, Tae Hyung; Jang, Ho Won; Kim, Soo Young

2018-01-01

In this work, CsPbBr 3 and PbSe nanocomposites were synthesized to protect perovskite material from self-enlargement during reaction. UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the addition of Se into CsPbBr 3 quantum dots modified the electronic structure of CsPbBr 3 , increasing the band gap from 2.38 to 2.48 eV as the Cs:Se ratio increased to 1:3. Thus, the emission color of CsPbBr 3 perovskite quantum dots was modified from green to blue by increasing the Se ratio in composites. According to X-ray diffraction patterns, the structure of CsPbBr 3 quantum dots changed from cubic to orthorhombic due to the introduction of PbSe at the surface. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy confirmed that the atomic distribution in CsPbBr 3 /PbSe composite clusters is uniform and the composite materials were well formed. The PL intensity of a CsPbBr 3 /PbSe sample with a 1:1 Cs:Se ratio maintained 50% of its initial intensity after keeping the sample for 81 h in air, while the PL intensity of CsPbBr 3 reduced to 20% of its initial intensity. Therefore, it is considered that low amounts of Se could improve the stability of CsPbBr 3 quantum dots.

Screening of plant species for comparative uptake abilities of radioactive Co, Rb, Sr and Cs from soil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gouthu, S; Arie, T; Ambe, S; Yamaguchi, I [Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako, Saitama (Japan)

1997-08-01

In case of radioactive fallout, persistence of long lived nuclides in soil and subsequent transfer into the food chain through plants over a long period is the key factor. The possibility of `phytoremediation`is suggested to reduce the radionuclides in soil. To exploit the natural potential of some plants in absorbing or accumulating certain radionuclides and depleting the soil radioactivity, thirty-two plant species were tested under laboratory conditions for their comparative ability in taking up radioactive Rb, Co, Sr and Cs. Broccoli and tomato for Co; tomato, chard, sunflower and cucumber for Rb; cucumber, sunflower and turnip (Kyona) for Sr; and tomato, chard and cucumber for Cs were found to be effective compared to other species tested. (author). 13 refs.

Structure of ferroelastic K3H(SeO4)2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ichikawa, M.; Sato, S.; Komukae, M.; Osaka, T.

1992-01-01

Tripotassium hydrogenbis(selenate), K 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 , M r = 404.2, monoclinic, A2/a, a = 10.1291 (8), b = 5.9038 (5), c = 14.961 (1) A, β = 103.640 (8) 0 , V = 869.5 (1) A 3 , Z = 4, D x = 3.086 Mg m -3 , λ(Mo Kα) = 0.71073 A, μ = 9.86 mm -1 , F(000) = 760, T = 299 K, R(F) = 0.0294 for 1670 unique reflections. K 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 is isomorphous with most M 3 H(XO 4 ) 2 -type crystals (M=K,Rb and Cs; Cs; X = S and Se); two SeO 4 groups are connected by a crystallographically symmetric hydrogen bond into a dimer. The bond distances and angles in the SeO 4 group are similar to those in Rb 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 and Rb 3 D(SeO 4 ) 2 . The hydrogen-bond length, 2.524 (5) A, is the shortest among the members of the M 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 family exhibiting the low-temperature phase transition. (orig.)

Facile synthesis of CsPbBr3/PbSe composite clusters

OpenAIRE

Nguyen, Thang Phan; Ozturk, Abdullah; Park, Jongee; Sohn, Woonbae; Lee, Tae Hyung; Jang, Ho Won; Kim, Soo Young

2017-01-01

Abstract In this work, CsPbBr3 and PbSe nanocomposites were synthesized to protect perovskite material from self-enlargement during reaction. UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the addition of Se into CsPbBr3 quantum dots modified the electronic structure of CsPbBr3, increasing the band gap from 2.38 to 2.48 eV as the Cs:Se ratio increased to 1:3. Thus, the emission color of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots was modified from green to blue by increasing the Se ratio ...

Colloidal synthesis and photophysics of M{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} (M=Cs and Rb) nanocrystals. Lead-free perovskites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pal, Jaya; Manna, Suman; Nag, Angshuman [Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune (India); Mondal, Anirban; Adarsh, K.V. [Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal (India); Das, Shyamashis [Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (India)

2017-11-06

Herein we report the colloidal synthesis of Cs{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} and Rb{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} perovskite nanocrystals, and explore their potential for optoelectronic applications. Different morphologies, such as nanoplatelets and nanorods of Cs{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9}, and spherical Rb{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} nanocrystals were prepared. All these samples show band-edge emissions in the yellow-red region. Exciton many-body interactions studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of Cs{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} nanorods reveals characteristic second-derivative-type spectral features, suggesting red-shifted excitons by as much as 79 meV. A high absorption cross-section of ca. 10{sup -15} cm{sup 2} was estimated. The results suggest that colloidal Cs{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} and Rb{sub 3}Sb{sub 2}I{sub 9} nanocrystals are potential candidates for optical and optoelectronic applications in the visible region, though a better control of defect chemistry is required for efficient applications. (copyright 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Determination of dissociation enthalpies of KPbF3, RbPbF3, CsPbF3 complex molecules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boltalin, A.I.; Rykov, A.N.; Korenev, Yu.M.

1990-01-01

Isomolecular reactions in MPbF 3(g) -BeF 2(g) systems where M=K, Rb, Cs are studied using Knudsen effusion technique with mass-spectral analysis of evaporation products. Enthalpy values of dissociation of MPbF 3 molecules per lead difluoride and alkali metal fluoride which are equal to 212.1±12.6 kJ/mol for CsPbF 3 are determined

Cs_7Sm_1_1[TeO_3]_1_2Cl_1_6 and Rb_7Nd_1_1[TeO_3]_1_2Br_1_6, the new tellurite halides of the tetragonal Rb_6LiNd_1_1[SeO_3]_1_2Cl_1_6 structure type

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Charkin, Dmitri O.; Black, Cameron; Downie, Lewis J.; Sklovsky, Dmitry E.; Berdonosov, Peter S.; Olenev, Andrei V.; Zhou, Wuzong; Lightfoot, Philip; Dolgikh, Valery A.

2015-01-01

Two new rare-earth – alkali – tellurium oxide halides were synthesized by a salt flux technique and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structures of the new compounds Cs_7Sm_1_1[TeO_3]_1_2Cl_1_6 (I) and Rb_7Nd_1_1[TeO_3]_1_2Br_1_6 (II) (both tetragonal, space group I4/mcm) correspond to the sequence of [MLn_1_1(TeO_3)_1_2] and [M_6X_1_6] layers and bear very strong similarities to those of known selenite analogs. We discuss the trends in similarities and differences in compositions and structural details between the Se and Te compounds; more members of the family are predicted. - Graphical abstract: Two new rare-earth – alkali – tellurium oxide halides were predicted and synthesized. - Highlights: • Two new rare-earth – alkali – tellurium oxide halides were synthesized. • They adopt slab structure of rare earth-tellurium-oxygen and CsCl-like slabs. • The Br-based CsCl-like slabs have been observed first in this layered family.

Correlations between potassium, rubidium and cesium (133Cs and 137Cs) in sporocarps of Suillus variegatus in a Swedish boreal forest

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vinichuk, M.; Rosen, K.; Johanson, K.J.; Dahlberg, A.

2011-01-01

An analysis of sporocarps of ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus variegatus assessed whether cesium ( 133 Cs and 137 Cs) uptake was correlated with potassium (K) or rubidium (Rb) uptake. The question was whether intraspecific correlations of Rb, K and 133 Cs mass concentrations with 137 Cs activity concentrations in sporocarps were higher within, rather than among, different fungal species, and if genotypic origin of sporocarps within a population affected uptake and correlation. Sporocarps (n = 51) from a Swedish forest population affected by the fallout after the Chernobyl accident were studied. The concentrations were 31.9 ± 6.79 g kg -1 for K (mean ± SD, dwt), 0.40 ± 0.09 g kg -1 for Rb, 8.7 ± 4.36 mg kg -1 for 133 Cs and 63.7 ± 24.2 kBq kg -1 for 137 Cs. The mass concentrations of 133 Cs correlated with 137 Cs activity concentrations (r = 0.61). There was correlation between both 133 Cs concentrations (r = 0.75) and 137 Cs activity concentrations (r = 0.44) and Rb, but the 137 Cs/ 133 Cs isotopic ratio negatively correlated with Rb concentration. Concentrations of K and Rb were weakly correlated (r = 0.51). The 133 Cs mass concentrations, 137 Cs activity concentrations and 137 Cs/ 133 Cs isotopic ratios did not correlate with K concentrations. No differences between, within or, among genotypes in S. variegatus were found. This suggested the relationships between K, Rb, 133 Cs and 137 Cs in sporocarps of S. variegatus is similar to other fungal species. - Highlights: → We studied uptake of Cs ( 133 Cs and 137 Cs), K and Rb by Suillus variegates sporocarps. → Genotypic origin of fungus did not affect uptake of studied elements (isotopes). → Genotypic origin did not affect correlation between Cs ( 133 Cs and 137 Cs), K and Rb.

Determination of Sr, Ba, Rb, and Cs in biological reference materials using a radiochemical NAA group separation procedure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mizera, J.; Randa, Z.

2008-01-01

Strontium, barium, rubidium, and cesium in selected, predominantly biological, reference materials (NIST 1515, 1547, 1549, 1566a, 1571, 1577b, 2704, CTA-OTL-1, and Bowen's Kale) were determined using neutron activation analysis (NAA) in two different analytical modes - instrumental NAA with epithermal neutrons (ENAA), and NAA with radiochemical group separation of Sr-Ba and Rb-Cs (RNAA). The ENAA mode was based on long-term (5 h) irradiation of samples in a Cd shielding. The RNAA procedure was based on long-term (20 h) irradiation of samples, their decomposition / dissolution by alkaline-oxidative fusion, and precipitation of Sr and Ba sulfates, and sorption of Rb and Cs onto ammonium phosphomolybdate (APM). Both methods provided element contents in the analyzed reference materials consistent with certified and/or literature values. (author)

Rietveld refinement of the orthorhombic Pbca structures of Rb2CdSi5O12, Cs2MnSiO5O12, Cs2CoSi5O12 and Cs2NiSi5O12 leucites by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bell, A.M.T.; Henderson, C.M.B.

1996-01-01

Analysis of high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction patterns for hydrothermally synthesized Rb 2 CdSi 5 O 12 and Cs 2 MnSi 5 O 12 leucite analogues, and dry-synthesized Cs 2 CoSi 5 O 12 and Cs 2 NiSi 5 O 12 leucite analogues showed that they have an orthorhombic Pbca structure. The structures have been refined by the Rietveld method, showing that the tetrahedrally coordinated atoms (Si, Cd, Mn, Co and Ni) are ordered on separate sites. The Cs 2 MnSi 5 O 12 , Cs 2 CoSi 5 O 12 and Cs 2 NiSi 5 O 12 leucite samples are unusual in containing SiO 4 tetrahedra which are more distorted, on average, than the larger MnO 4 , CoO 4 and NiO 4 tetrahedra. The JCPDS file numbers for Rb 2 CdSi 5 O 12 , Cs 2 MnSi 5 O 12 and Cs 2 CoSi 5 O 12 are 46-1491, 46-1492 and 46-1493, respectively. (orig.)

Study of compoisiton of saturated vapor of MF-CuF2 systems, where M=K, Rb, Cs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morozov, I.V.; Korenev, Yu.M.

1993-01-01

Investigation into composition of saturated vapor of MF-CuF 2 systems where M=K, Rb, Cs is conducted using high-temperature mass-spectrometry. Existence of MCuF 3 molecules in gas phase is determined. MCuF 3(r) dissociation enthalpies are calculated using the first law-of thermodynamics and are compared with theoretically determined values. Value Δ D G 0 944 (CsCuF 3(r) =105.6±6.3 kj/mol is determined

Syntheses and Thermal Behaviors of Rb(FOX-7)·H2O and Cs(FOX-7)·H2O

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo, Jinan; Xu, Kangzhen; Wang, Min; Ren, Xiaolei; Chen, Yongshun; Song, Jirong; Zhao, Fengqi

2010-01-01

Two new energetic organic alkali metal salts, 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene rubidium salt [Rb(FOX-7)·H 2 O] and 1,1- diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene cesium salt [Cs(FOX-7)·H 2 O], were synthesized by reacting of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) and rubidium chloride or cesium chloride in alkali methanol aqueous solution, respectively. The thermal behaviors of Rb(FOX-7)·H 2 O and Cs(FOX-7)·H 2 O were studied with DSC and TG methods. The critical temperatures of thermal explosion of the two compounds are 216.22 and 223.73 .deg. C, respectively. Specific heat capacities of the two compounds were determined with a micro-DSC method, and the molar heat capacities are 217.46 and 199.47 J mol -1 K -1 at 298.15 K, respectively. The adiabatic times-to-explosion were also calculated to be a certain value of 5.81 - 6.36 s for Rb(FOX-7)·H 2 O, and 9.92 - 10.54 s for Cs(FOX-7)·H 2 O. After FOX-7 becoming alkali metal salts, thermal decomposition temperatures of the compounds heighten with the rise of element period, but thermal decomposition processes become intense

Ground-state hyperfine splitting for Rb, Cs, Fr, Ba+, and Ra+

Science.gov (United States)

Ginges, J. S. M.; Volotka, A. V.; Fritzsche, S.

2017-12-01

We have systematically investigated the ground-state hyperfine structure for alkali-metal atoms 87Rb,133Cs, and 211Fr and alkali-metal-like ions +135Ba and +225Ra, which are of particular interest for parity violation studies. The quantum electrodynamic one-loop radiative corrections have been rigorously evaluated within an extended Furry picture employing core-Hartree and Kohn-Sham atomic potentials. Moreover, the effect of the nuclear magnetization distribution on the hyperfine structure intervals has been studied in detail and its uncertainty has been estimated. Finally, the theoretical description of the hyperfine structure has been completed with full many-body calculations performed in the all-orders correlation potential method.

Selectivity of crystalline Cesup(IV) phosphate sulphate hydrates for Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ Cs+, and NH4+ in absolute methanol and absolute dimethylsulphoxide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koenig, K.H.; Psotta, L.

1978-01-01

The sequence of exchange capacities of Cerium(IV) phosphate sulphate hydrate (CePO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 )sub(0.74(SO 4 )sub(0.26) . 4.74 H 2 O for alkalimetal ions and ammoniumions in absolute methanol at 25 0 C for the case of a small excess of the exchanger (in relation to the equivalent amount) is given by K + > Rb + >= NH 4 + > Cs + > Na + > Li + . Between the exchange capacity A of these cations and their ionic radii r (given by Ladd) exists the simple relation A = const./r. For Na + the radius of the inner hydration shell must be considered. In absolute dimethyl-sulphoxide under the same conditions the sequence is K + >= NH 4 + > Rb + > Na + > Cs + > Li + . For K + , NH 4 + , Rb + and Cs + the exchange capacity is given by A = const./r. + const. . r 4 . The sequences of the alkali ions in both solvents are among the group of 13 sequences which are physicaly significant according to Eisenmann's theory. The results are compared with the observations made with water as solvent. (author)

Comparative first-principles calculations of the electronic, optical, elastic and thermodynamic properties of XCaF{sub 3} (X = K, Rb, Cs) cubic perovskites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Li; Wang, Y.-J. [College of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Nan' an District, Chongqing 400065 (China); Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland); Liu, D.-X.; Ma, C.-G. [College of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Nan' an District, Chongqing 400065 (China); Brik, M.G., E-mail: mikhail.brik@ut.ee [College of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Nan' an District, Chongqing 400065 (China); Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwald Str. 1, Tartu 50411 (Estonia); Institute of Physics, Jan Długosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15, PL-42200 Częstochowa (Poland); Suchocki, A. [College of Mathematics and Physics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2 Chongwen Road, Nan' an District, Chongqing 400065 (China); Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw (Poland); Institute of Physics, Kazimierz Wielki University, Weyssenhoffa 11, 85-072 Bydgoszcz (Poland); Piasecki, M. [Institute of Physics, Jan Długosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15, PL-42200 Częstochowa (Poland); Reshak, A.H. [New Technologies – Research Centre, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen (Czech Republic); School of Material Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, 01007 Kangar, Perlis (Malaysia)

2017-02-15

Three fluoroperovskites with the general formula XCaF{sub 3} (X = K, Rb, Cs) have been systematically studied using the first-principles methods. The structural, electronic, optical, elastic and thermodynamic properties of these three compounds were calculated at the ambient and elevated hydrostatic pressure. Variation of all these properties with pressure was analyzed; it was shown that the structural and elastic constants change linearly with increased pressure, whereas the calculated band gaps follow the quadratic dependence on pressure. Influence of the first cation variation (K – Rb – Cs) on these properties was discussed. Elastic anisotropy (directional dependence of the Young moduli) of these compounds was modeled and analyzed for the first time. - Highlights: • Three cubic perovskites XCaF{sub 3} (X = K, Rb, Cs) were studied by ab initio methods. • Systematic variation of physical properties with the first cation change was traced. • Pressure effects on physical properties were calculated and modeled. • Debye temperature and Grüneisen constant for all materials were calculated for the first time. • Elastic anisotropy was visualized by plotting Young moduli directional dependences.

Correlations between potassium, rubidium and cesium ({sup 133}Cs and {sup 137}Cs) in sporocarps of Suillus variegatus in a Swedish boreal forest

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vinichuk, M., E-mail: Mykhailo.Vinichuk@slu.s [Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala (Sweden); Department of Ecology, Zhytomyr State Technological University, 103 Cherniakhovsky Str., 10005 Zhytomyr (Ukraine); Rosen, K.; Johanson, K.J. [Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7014, SE-750 07 Uppsala (Sweden); Dahlberg, A. [Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7026, 750 07 Uppsala (Sweden)

2011-04-15

An analysis of sporocarps of ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus variegatus assessed whether cesium ({sup 133}Cs and {sup 137}Cs) uptake was correlated with potassium (K) or rubidium (Rb) uptake. The question was whether intraspecific correlations of Rb, K and {sup 133}Cs mass concentrations with {sup 137}Cs activity concentrations in sporocarps were higher within, rather than among, different fungal species, and if genotypic origin of sporocarps within a population affected uptake and correlation. Sporocarps (n = 51) from a Swedish forest population affected by the fallout after the Chernobyl accident were studied. The concentrations were 31.9 {+-} 6.79 g kg{sup -1} for K (mean {+-} SD, dwt), 0.40 {+-} 0.09 g kg{sup -1} for Rb, 8.7 {+-} 4.36 mg kg{sup -1} for {sup 133}Cs and 63.7 {+-} 24.2 kBq kg{sup -1} for {sup 137}Cs. The mass concentrations of {sup 133}Cs correlated with {sup 137}Cs activity concentrations (r = 0.61). There was correlation between both {sup 133}Cs concentrations (r = 0.75) and {sup 137}Cs activity concentrations (r = 0.44) and Rb, but the {sup 137}Cs/{sup 133}Cs isotopic ratio negatively correlated with Rb concentration. Concentrations of K and Rb were weakly correlated (r = 0.51). The {sup 133}Cs mass concentrations, {sup 137}Cs activity concentrations and {sup 137}Cs/{sup 133}Cs isotopic ratios did not correlate with K concentrations. No differences between, within or, among genotypes in S. variegatus were found. This suggested the relationships between K, Rb, {sup 133}Cs and {sup 137}Cs in sporocarps of S. variegatus is similar to other fungal species. - Highlights: {yields} We studied uptake of Cs ({sup 133}Cs and {sup 137}Cs), K and Rb by Suillus variegates sporocarps. {yields} Genotypic origin of fungus did not affect uptake of studied elements (isotopes). {yields} Genotypic origin did not affect correlation between Cs ({sup 133}Cs and {sup 137}Cs), K and Rb.

Quadrupole hyperfine structure and splitting of Δ-levels in the microwave spectra of KOH, RbOH and CsOH in the 100 GHz region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuijpers, P.; Dymanus, A.; Toerring, T.

1977-01-01

Hyperfine structure of rotational transitions of KOH, RbOH and CsOH in various v 2 - and l-states has been carefully measured in the 100 GHz range. From the observed splittings and broadenings information about quadrupole coupling constant (eqQ) of the K nucleus in KOH and about the spacing (Esub(Δ) - Esub(Σ)) between Σ and Δ levels in the vibrational spectrum of KOH, RbOH and CsOH has been derived. The measured value of the eqQ of KOH is close to that of KF. The separation between Σ and Δ levels is found to be rather similar for the group of the alkali hydroxides increasing gradually when progressing from LiOH to CsOH. (orig.) [de

Synthesis and crystal structure of hydrogen phosphites RbH2PO3, CsH2PO3, and TlH2PO3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kosterina, E.V.; Troyanov, S.I.; Kemnits, Eh.; Aslanov, L.A.

2001-01-01

The crystal acid phosphites RbH 2 PO 3 , CsH 2 PO 3 and TlH 2 PO 3 were separated during reaction of Rb, Cs and Tl carbonates with phosphorous acid solution. The crystal structure of the compounds was analyzed by X-ray diffraction method at 150 K. CsH 2 PO 3 has a monoclinic system, a = 7.930(2), b = 8.929(2), c = 13.163(3) A, β = 104.84(3) Deg, V = 900.9(4) A 3 , Z 8, sp. gr. P2 1 /c, R 1 = 0.239. In the structure hydrogen bonds integrate the PHO 3 tetrahedrons in the unlimited zigzag chains [HPHO 3 ] n n- laying at the layers, which are alternate to the layers of metal cations. The layers of anion chains have a wavy form [ru

Mixed alkali neodymium orthoborates: K_9Li_3Nd_3(BO_3)_7 and A_2LiNd(BO_3)_2 (A = Rb, Cs)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Pengyun; Xia, Mingjun; Li, Rukang

2016-01-01

Crystals of mixed alkali neodymium orthoborates, K_9Li_3Nd_3(BO_3)_7 and A_2LiNd(BO_3)_2 (A = Rb, Cs) were obtained by spontaneous crystallization. K_9Li_3Nd_3(BO_3)_7 crystallizes in space group P2/c with cell parameters of a = 11.4524(7) Aa, b = 10.1266(6) Aa, c = 12.3116 (10) Aa, β = 122.0090(10) . In the structure, NdO_8 polyhedra share corners and connect with planer BO_3 groups to form infinite [Nd_3B_3O_2_1]_n chains. These chains are linked by additional BO_3 groups to produce a double layer of [Nd_6B_6O_3_8]_n blocks in the ac plane with K and Li ions filled into the cavities. A_2LiNd(BO_3)_2 (A = Rb, Cs) crystallizes in space group Pbcm, with cell parameters of a = 7.113(2) Aa, b = 9.691(3) Aa and c = 10.135(3) Aa for Rb_2LiNd(BO_3)_2, and a = 7.2113(3) Aa, b = 9.9621(4) Aa, and c = 10.3347(4) Aa for Cs_2LiNd(BO_3)_2. In the structure, NdO_8 polyhedra are corner-sharing with each other and further interlinked by BO_3 groups to comprise the infinite [Nd_4B_4O_2_4] sheets in the bc plane, with Rb/Cs and Li ions occupying the interlayered space. The compounds show effective near-IR emission and their associated lifetimes are obtained by fluorescence spectra. (Copyright copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Selective Se-for-S substitution in Cs-bearing uranyl compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gurzhiy, Vladislav V., E-mail: vladgeo17@mail.ru [Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia Federation (Russian Federation); Tyumentseva, Olga S.; Krivovichev, Sergey V. [Department of Crystallography, St. Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia Federation (Russian Federation); Tananaev, Ivan G. [Far Eastern Federal University, Suhanova st. 8, Vladivostok 690950 (Russian Federation)

2017-04-15

Phase formation in the mixed sulfate-selenate aqueous system of uranyl nitrate and cesium nitrate has been investigated. Two types of crystalline compounds have been obtained and characterized using a number of experimental (single crystal XRD, FTIR, SEM) and theoretical (information-based complexity calculations, topological analysis) techniques. No miscibility gaps have been observed for Cs{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(TO{sub 4}){sub 3}] (T= S, Se), which crystallizes in tetragonal system, P-42{sub 1}m, a =9.616(1)–9.856(2), c =8.105(1)–8.159(1) Å, V =749.6(2)–792.5(3) Å{sup 3}. Nine phases with variable amount of S and Se have been structurally characterized. The structures of the Cs{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(TO{sub 4}){sub 3}] (T= S, Se) compounds are based upon the [(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(TO{sub 4}){sub 3}]{sup 2-} layers of corner-sharing uranyl pentagonal bipyramids and TO{sub 4} tetrahedra. The layers contain two types of tetrahedral sites: T1 (3-connected, i.e. having three O atoms shared by adjacent uranyl polyhedra) and T2 (4-connected). The Se-for-S substitution in tetrahedral sites is highly selective with smaller S{sup 6+} cation showing a strong preference for the more tightly bonded T2 site. Crystallization in the pure Se system starts with the formation of Cs{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2})(SeO{sub 4}){sub 2}(H{sub 2}O)](H{sub 2}O) crystals, its subsequent dissolution and formation of Cs{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(SeO{sub 4}){sub 3}]. The information-based structural complexity calculations for these two phases support the rule that more topologically complex structures form at the latest stages of crystallization. - Graphical abstract: Nine phases representing the Cs{sub 2}[(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(TO{sub 4}){sub 3}] (T= S, Se) solid solution series with variable amount of S and Se have been prepared by isothermal evaporation from aqueous solutions and characterized using a number of experimental and theoretical techniques. No immiscibility is observed between the

Cs _1–x Rb _x PbCl ₃ and Cs _1–x Rb _x PbBr ₃ Solid Solutions: Understanding Octahedral Tilting in Lead Halide Perovskites

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linaburg, Matthew R.; McClure, Eric T.; Majher, Jackson D.; Woodward, Patrick M.

2017-04-03

The structures of the lead halide perovskites CsPbCl3 and CsPbBr3 have been determined from X-ray powder diffraction data to be orthorhombic with Pnma space group symmetry. Their structures are distorted from the cubic structure of their hybrid analogs, CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl, Br), by tilts of the octahedra (Glazer tilt system a–b+a–). Substitution of the smaller Rb+ for Cs+ increases the octahedral tilting distortion and eventually destabilizes the perovskite structure altogether. To understand this behavior, bond valence parameters appropriate for use in chloride and bromide perovskites have been determined for Cs+, Rb+, and Pb2+. As the tolerance factor decreases, the band gap increases, by 0.15 eV in Cs1–xRbxPbCl3 and 0.20 eV in Cs1–xRbxPbBr3, upon going from x = 0 to x = 0.6. The band gap shows a linear dependence on tolerance factor, particularly for the Cs1–xRbxPbBr3 system. Comparison with the cubic perovskites CH3NH3PbCl3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 shows that the band gaps of the methylammonium perovskites are anomalously large for APbX3 perovskites with a cubic structure. This comparison suggests that the local symmetry of CH3NH3PbCl3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 deviate significantly from the cubic symmetry of the average structure.

Theoretical studies of the electronic structure of the ions KCs+ and RbCs+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdul Al, Saleh Nabhan

2000-01-01

Author.the theoretical investigation of the electronic structure of the molecular ions KCs + and RbCs + , by using ab initio calculation, is being considered. Some of the approximation methods may form a theoretical model; with which many physical properties of molecular systems can be explored by once a mathematical procedure has been implanted through a computer program. This theoretical structure is referred to as ab initio electronic structure. The Hamiltonian for a multi-electron system cannot be separated into one-electron parts without making the independent electron approximation. The one-electron molecular wave function is referred to as molecular orbital (MO). The MOs may be expressed as linear combinations of atomic orbitals. Making the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, we seek to solve for the electronic eigenfunctions and eigenvalues with the nuclei fixed at various separation distances. A rigorous variational calculation on a system involves the following steps: write down the Hamiltonian operator for the system; Select some mathematical functional form ψ as the trial wave function. This form should have variable parameters (we take ψto be made up of Slater determinants containing molecular-spin orbitals); Minimize the average value of the energy (E) with respect to variations in the parameters. We describe an approach in the ab initio calculations, called the self-consistent field (SCF) method. The Hartree-Fock equation is obtained by requiring E to be stationary with respect to variations in ψ. The best MOs are eigenfunctions of the Fock operator. The instantaneous part of the interaction that SCF neglects is referred to as electron correlation. One general technique, for including the effects of correlation, is called configuration interaction (CI). Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory is an alternative approach to the correlation problem. The calculation has been performed for the two molecular ions, through the CI PSI (Configuration Interaction

Simple-design ultra-low phase noise microwave frequency synthesizers for high-performing Cs and Rb vapor-cell atomic clocks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

François, B. [FEMTO-ST, CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 26 chemin de l’Epitaphe, 25030 Besançon (France); INRIM, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino (Italy); Calosso, C. E.; Micalizio, S. [INRIM, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino (Italy); Abdel Hafiz, M.; Boudot, R. [FEMTO-ST, CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 26 chemin de l’Epitaphe, 25030 Besançon (France)

2015-09-15

We report on the development and characterization of novel 4.596 GHz and 6.834 GHz microwave frequency synthesizers devoted to be used as local oscillators in high-performance Cs and Rb vapor-cell atomic clocks. The key element of the synthesizers is a custom module that integrates a high spectral purity 100 MHz oven controlled quartz crystal oscillator frequency-multiplied to 1.6 GHz with minor excess noise. Frequency multiplication, division, and mixing stages are then implemented to generate the exact output atomic resonance frequencies. Absolute phase noise performances of the output 4.596 GHz signal are measured to be −109 and −141 dB rad{sup 2}/Hz at 100 Hz and 10 kHz Fourier frequencies, respectively. The phase noise of the 6.834 GHz signal is −105 and −138 dB rad{sup 2}/Hz at 100 Hz and 10 kHz offset frequencies, respectively. The performances of the synthesis chains contribute to the atomic clock short term fractional frequency stability at a level of 3.1 × 10{sup −14} for the Cs cell clock and 2 × 10{sup −14} for the Rb clock at 1 s averaging time. This value is comparable with the clock shot noise limit. We describe the residual phase noise measurements of key components and stages to identify the main limitations of the synthesis chains. The residual frequency stability of synthesis chains is measured to be at the 10{sup −15} level for 1 s integration time. Relevant advantages of the synthesis design, using only commercially available components, are to combine excellent phase noise performances, simple-architecture, low-cost, and to be easily customized for signal output generation at 4.596 GHz or 6.834 GHz for applications to Cs or Rb vapor-cell frequency standards.

Carbonate hydrates of the heavy alkali metals: preparation and structure of Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O und Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O; Carbonat-Hydrate der schweren Alkalimetalle: Darstellung und Struktur von Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1,5 H{sub 2}O und Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cirpus, V.; Wittrock, J.; Adam, A. [Koeln Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische Chemie

2001-03-01

Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O and Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O were prepared from aqueous solution and by means of the reaction of dialkylcarbonates with RbOH and CsOH resp. in hydrous alcoholes. Based on four-circle diffractometer data, the crystal structures were determined (Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O: C2/c (no. 15), Z = 8, a = 1237.7(2) pm, b = 1385.94(7) pm, c = 747.7(4) pm, {beta} = 120.133(8) , V{sub EZ} = 1109.3(6) . 10{sup 6} pm{sup 3}; Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O: P2/c (no. 13), Z = 2, a = 654.5(2) pm, b = 679.06(6) pm, c = 886.4(2) pm, {beta} = 90.708(14) , V{sub EZ} = 393.9(2) . 10{sup 6} pm{sup 3}). Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O is isostructural with K{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O. In case of Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O no comparable structure is known. Both structures show {sub {infinity}}{sup 1}[(CO{sub 3}{sup 2-})(H{sub 2}O)]-chains, being connected via additional H{sub 2}O forming columns (Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 1.5 H{sub 2}O) and layers (Cs{sub 2}CO{sub 3} . 3 H{sub 2}O), respectively. (orig.)

Cs2SeO4-UO2SeO4-H2O system at 25 deg C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Serezhkina, L.B.; Serezhkin, V.N.

1987-01-01

Using the method of isothermal solubility at 25 deg C the interaction of cesium and uranyl selenates in aqueous solution is studied. Formation of congruently soluble Cs 2 UO 2 (SeO 4 ) 2 x2H 2 O and Cs 2 (UO 2 ) 2 x(SeO 4 ) 3 is ascertained, their crystallographic characteristics being determined

Variation of Se, Zn, Co, Fe and Rb distribution in rats upon sequence of injection with SeO2 and glutathione

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Czauderna, M.; Samochocka, K.; Kwiathkowska, J.

1984-01-01

The contents of Se, Zn, Co, Fe and Rb in several organs of Wistar rats were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) after injections of SeO 2 and glutathione (GSH). Se was incorporated in all the examined organs, and the efficiency of incorporation does not depend upon the sequence of injection with SeO 2 and GSH. The sequence of these injections affects the contents of the other elements in all the examined organs. (author)

New sulfido antimonates of the heavy alkali metals. Synthesis, crystal structure and chemical bonding of (K/Rb/Cs){sub 3}SbS{sub 3} and Cs{sub 3}SbS{sub 4} . H{sub 2}O; Neue Sulfido-Antimonate der schweren Alkalimetalle. Synthese, Kristallstruktur und chemische Bindung von (K/Rb/Cs){sub 3}SbS{sub 3} und Cs{sub 3}SbS{sub 4} . H{sub 2}O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schindler, Lisa V.; Schwarz, Michael; Roehr, Caroline [Freiburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

2013-12-15

The new sulfido antimonates(III) (Rb/Cs){sub 3}SbS{sub 3} were prepared from the alkali metal sulfides Rb{sub 2}S/Cs{sub 2}S{sub 2} and elemental antimony and sulfur or Sb{sub 2}S{sub 3} at reaction temperatures of about 700 C. The known isotypic potassium compound was similarly synthesized from the elements. The structures of the light-yellow crystals were refined using single-crystal X-ray data. Both compounds are isotypic to the respective Na salt forming the Na{sub 3}AsS{sub 3} structure type (cubic, space group P2{sub 1}3, K/Rb/Cs: a = 947.21(7)/982.28(5)/1025.92(5) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0159/0.0560/0.0582). The {psi}-tetrahedral SbS{sub 3}{sup 3-} anions with Sb-S bond lengths of 242 pm are arranged in a cubic face centered packing, in which the three crystallographically different A{sup +} cations occupy the tetrahedral and octahedral voids, overall exhibiting a distorted octahedral sulfur coordination. The chemical bonding and the characteristics of the stereochemically active lone electron pair have been investigated by means of FP-LAPW band structure calculations. Needle-shaped crystals of the monohydrate of the antimony(V) salt Cs{sub 3}SbS{sub 4} . H{sub 2}O were obtained from a suspension of Sb{sub 2}O{sub 3}, CsOH and elemental sulfur. Cs{sub 3}SbS{sub 4} . H{sub 2}O crystallizes in a new structure type (monoclinic, space group P2{sub 1}/c, a = 987.17(10), b = 994.83(7), c = 1600.46(14) pm, {beta} = 126.895(8) , Z = 4, R1 = 0.0234). As expected, the Sb-S distances (233.1-234.7 pm) in the nearly ideally tetrahedral anion SbS{sub 4}{sup 3-} are considerably shorter than in the antimonates(III) but match the bond lengths in the anhydrous sulfido antimonate(V) Cs{sub 3}SbS{sub 4}. Due to their similar fcc-like anion packing and the stereochemically active lone electron pair of Sb in the antimonates(III), the whole series of compounds A{sub 3}Sb{sup III,V}S{sub 3/4} shows a uniform structure relation, which is elucidated using crystallographic group

Structural diversities induced by cation sizes in a series of fluorogermanophosphates: A2[GeF2(HPO4)2] (A = Na, K, Rb, NH4, and Cs).

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Zhang-Gai; Huang, Xia; Zhuang, Rong-Chuan; Zhang, Yu; Liu, Xin; Shi, Tao; Wang, Shuai-Hua; Wu, Shao-Fan; Mi, Jin-Xiao; Huang, Ya-Xi

2017-09-12

Germanophosphates, in comparison with other metal phosphates, have been less studied but potentially exhibit more diverse structural chemistry with wide applications. Herein we applied a hydro-/solvo-fluorothermal route to make use of both the "tailor effect" of fluoride for the formation of low dimensional anionic clusters and the presence of alkali cations of different sizes to align the anionic clusters to control the overall crystal symmetries of germanophosphates. The synergetic effects of fluoride and alkali cations led to structural changes from chain-like structures to layered structures in a series of five novel fluorogermanophosphates: A 2 [GeF 2 (HPO 4 ) 2 ] (A = Na, K, Rb, NH 4 , and Cs, denoted as Na, K, Rb, NH4, and Cs). Although these fluorogermanophosphates have stoichiometrically equivalent formulas, they feature different anionic clusters, diverse structural dimensionalities, and contrasting crystal symmetries. Chain-like structures were observed for the compounds with the smaller sized alkali ions (Na + , K + , and Rb + ), whereas layered structures were found for those containing the larger sized cations ((NH 4 ) + and Cs + ). Specifically, monoclinic space groups were observed for the Na, K, Rb, and NH4 compounds, whereas a tetragonal space group P4/mbm was found for the Cs compound. These compounds provide new insights into the effects of cation sizes on the anionic clusters built from GeO 4 F 2 octahedra and HPO 4 tetrahedra as well as their influences on the overall structural symmetries in germanophosphates. Further characterization including IR spectroscopy and thermal analyses for all five compounds is also presented.

Increasing stripe-type fluctuations in A Fe2As2 (A =K , Rb, Cs) superconductors probed by 75As NMR spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Z. T.; Dmytriieva, D.; Molatta, S.; Wosnitza, J.; Khim, S.; Gass, S.; Wolter, A. U. B.; Wurmehl, S.; Grafe, H.-J.; Kühne, H.

2018-03-01

We report 75As nuclear magnetic resonance measurements on single crystals of RbFe2As2 and CsFe2As2 . Taking previously reported results for KFe2As2 into account, we find that the anisotropic electronic correlations evolve towards a magnetic instability in the A Fe2As2 series (with A =K , Rb, Cs). Upon isovalent substitution with larger alkali-metal ions, a drastic enhancement of the anisotropic nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate and decreasing Knight shift reveal the formation of pronounced spin fluctuations with stripe-type modulation. Furthermore, a decreasing power-law exponent of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate (1/T1)H ∥a b, probing the in-plane spin fluctuations, evidences an emergent deviation from Fermi-liquid behavior. All these findings clearly indicate that the expansion of the lattice in the A Fe2As2 series tunes the electronic correlations towards a quantum critical point at the transition to a yet unobserved ordered phase.

Structural Series in the Ternary A-Mn-As System (A = Alkali Metal): Double-Layer-Type CsMn4As3 and RbMn4As3 and Tunnel-Type KMn4As3.

Science.gov (United States)

Ishida, Junichi; Iimura, Soshi; Hosono, Hideo

2018-04-16

New manganese arsenides CsMn 4 As 3 , RbMn 4 As 3 , and KMn 4 As 3 were synthesized by solid-state reaction. They consist of edge-sharing MnAs 4 tetrahedra, which are a building block similar to those of Fe-based superconductors. CsMn 4 As 3 and RbMn 4 As 3 adopt the KCu 4 S 3 -type structure (tetragonal P4/ mmm space group, No. 123) with a Mn 4 As 3 double layer, while KMn 4 As 3 has the CaFe 4 As 3 -type structure (orthorhombic Pnma space group, No. 62) with a Mn 4 As 3 tunnel framework. The structural change from CsMn 4 As 3 and RbMn 4 As 3 to KMn 4 As 3 as well as the structural trend of the other ternary A-Mn-As (A = alkali metal) and AE-Mn-As (AE = alkaline-earth metal) compounds is understood as a consequence of reduction of the coordination number around the A and AE sites owing to the decrease of the ionic radius from Cs + to Mg 2+ . Electrical resistivity measurements confirm that the three new phases are Mott insulators with band gaps of 0.52 (CsMn 4 As 3 ), 0.43 (RbMn 4 As 3 ), and 0.31 eV (KMn 4 As 3 ). Magnetic and heat capacity measurements revealed that CsMn 4 As 3 and RbMn 4 As 3 are antiferromagnets without apparent phase transitions below 400 K, which is similar to the magnetism of LaMnAsO and BaMn 2 As 2 , while the existence of the ferromagnetic component was indicated in KMn 4 As 3 with a magnetic transition at 179 K.

Study of Cs recovery by extraction chromatography (2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoshi, Harutaka; Zhang, Anyun; Uchida, Hiromi; Kuraoka, Etsushu

2005-02-01

In order to apply CalixR14 extractant to extraction chromatography for Cs separation, basic characteristics of CalixR14 adsorbent were studied. CalixR14 impregnated resin and CalixR14 + TBP impregnated resin were prepared. CalixR14 extractant showed no adsorption for Cs by liquid-liquid extraction and CalixR14 impregnated resin also showed no adsorption for Cs. Therefore, it is concluded that CalixR14 itself has no affinity for Cs. On the other hand, Cs was adsorbed onto CalixR14-TBP impregnated resin from a concentrated nitric acid solution. The distribution coefficients of Cs were more than 10 cm 3 /g from 2 to 6 M nitric acid. While Rb showed week adsorption, Na, K, Sr and La showed no adsorption and separation factor was over 100. A slight amount of CalixR14 and TBP was leaked from impregnated resin into the aqueous phase. Separation from simulated liquid waste was carried out by using a column packed with CalixR14-TBP adsorbent. Na, K, Sr and La were not adsorbed onto the column, however, Cs and Rb were adsorbed onto the column. Cs and Rb were eluted from the column by water. Cs and Rb were quantitatively recovered. (author)

Thermo-analytical investigations on the superoxides AO{sub 2} (A = K, Rb, Cs), revealing facile access to sesquioxides A{sub 4}O{sub 6}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Merz, Patrick; Schmidt, Marcus; Felser, Claudia [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Jansen, Martin [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Dresden (Germany); Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Stuttgart (Germany)

2017-04-18

Rb{sub 4}O{sub 6} and Cs{sub 4}O{sub 6} represent open shell p electron systems, featuring charge, spin, orbital and structural degrees of freedom, which makes them unique candidates for studying the ordering processes related, otherwise exclusively encountered in transition metal based materials. Probing the physical responses has been restrained by the intricacy of synthesizing appropriate amounts of phase pure samples. Tracing the thermal decomposition of respective superoxides has revealed that at least the rubidium and cesium sesquioxides exist in thermodynamic equilibrium, appropriate p-T conditions given. These insights have paved the way to highly efficient and convenient access to Rb{sub 4}O{sub 6} and Cs{sub 4}O{sub 6}. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

First-principles study of half-metallic properties in RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) quaternary Heusler compounds

Science.gov (United States)

Rezaei, S.; Ahmadian, F.

2018-06-01

On the basis of first principles calculations, the electronic structures and magnetic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) were studied. The negative formation energies indicated that all these compounds were thermodynamically stable and thus may be experimentally synthesized at appropriate conditions in the future. The results showed that YI structure was the most favorable configuration among the three possible structures. All compounds were found to be half-metallic ferromagnets. The characteristic of energy bands and origin of half-metallicity were also verified. The total magnetic moments of RbCaNZ (Z = O, S, and Se) compounds were obtained 2μB per formula unit, which were in an agreement with Slater-Pauling rule (Mtot = 12 - Ztot). Half-metallicity was preserved at ranges of 5.06-8.36 Å, 5.96-8.81 Å, and 6.13-8.73 Å for RbCaNO, RbCaNS, and RbCaNSe compounds, respectively, which show that these quaternary Heusler compounds may be potential candidates in spintronic applications.

Synthesis, single-crystal structure determination and Raman spectra of the tricyanomelaminates NaA{sub 5}[C{sub 6}N{sub 9}]{sub 2} . 4 H{sub 2}O (A = Rb, Cs)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reckeweg, Olaf; DiSalvo, Francis J. [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Baker Lab.; Schulz, Armin [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Festkoerperforschung, Stuttgart (Germany)

2016-07-01

Transparent colorless crystals of NaA{sub 5}[C{sub 6}N{sub 9}]{sub 2} . 4 H{sub 2}O (A = Rb, Cs) were obtained by blending aqueous solutions of Na{sub 3}[C{sub 6}N{sub 9}] and RbF or CsF, respectively, and subsequent evaporation of the water under ambient conditions. Both compounds crystallize in the space group P2{sub 1}/m (no. 11) with the cell parameters a = 815.56(16), b = 1637.7(4) and c = 1036.4(3) pm, and β = 110.738(12) for NaRb{sub 5}[C{sub 6}N{sub 9}]{sub 2} . 4 H{sub 2}O and a = 843.32(6), b = 1708.47(11) and c = 1052.42(7) pm, and β = 112.034(2) for NaCs{sub 5}[C{sub 6}N{sub 9}]{sub 2} . 4 H{sub 2}O, respectively. Raman spectra of the title compounds complement our results.

New alkali metal diphosphates how materials to preserve the security of the environment: CsNaCu(P2O7), Rb2Cu(P2O7) and CsNaCo(P2O7) synthesis and crystal structure determination

Science.gov (United States)

Chernyatieva, Anastasiya; Filatova, Alyona; Spiridonova, Dariya; Krivovichev, Sergey

2013-04-01

In this work we describe preliminary results of the synthesis and of a crystal-chemical study of synthetic phosphates with transition metals. Due to the increasing requirements for environmental safety specialists from various industries, we are searching for sustainable forms of immobilization of hazardous waste during storage. We are also developing a component-based waste for new materials. In our continued exploratory synthesis of compounds containing transition-metals, we were able to produce the new diphosphate phases CsNaCu(P2O7), Rb2Cu(P2O7) and CsNaCo(P2O7). A crystal chemical study has allowed us to identify new phosphates. Crystals of CsNaCu(P2O7) (Phase 1) is orthorhombic, crystallizes in space group Pmn21, with a = 5.147(8), b = 15.126(2), c = 9.717(2) Å, V = 756.20 Å3, R1 = 0.066 and Rb2Cu(P2O7) (Phase 2) is orthorhombic as well, crystallizes in space group Pmcn, with a = 5.183(8), b = 10.096(1), c = 15.146(3) Å, V = 793.55 Å3, R1 = 0.063, they have been obtained by high-temperature reaction of RbNO3, CsNO3, Cu(NO3)2, NaOH and (NH4)4P2O7. Synthetic crystals of the phosphate of copper and rubidium were studied in detail by us on the structures of Rb2Cu(P2O7) and Rb2Cu3(P2O7)2 - new alkali metal copper diphosphates (CHERNYATIEVA et al., 2008). Here we report the synthesis, the structure and the properties of the title compounds and we compare these phases with the previously discovered K2CuP2O7 (ELMAADI et al., 1995) and CsNaMnP2O7 (HUANG et al., 1998). These structures crystallize in other space groups, although their structures are also based on 2-D layers, formed by P2O7 groups combined with polyhedra of the transition metals (CHERNYATIEVA et al., 2012). A crystal chemical study has allowed us to identify even new diphosphates CsNaCu(P2O7) (Phase 3). Crystals of CsNaCoP2O7 is monoclinic, space group P 21/n, with a = 7,424(2), b = 7,648(1), c = 12,931(3)Å, β = 90,71(2)° , V = 734.2(3) Å3 and R1 = 0.060. The structure is based framework of Co

Optoelectronic behavior of Quaternary Uranium Chalcogenides Rb{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}UM{sub 6} (M = S, Se): A first principle study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Din, Haleem Ud [Department of Physics, Hazara University, Mansehra (Pakistan); Azam, Sikander; Khan, Saleem Ayaz [New Technologies – Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen (Czech Republic); Khenata, R., E-mail: khenata_rabah@yahoo.fr [Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), Département de Technologie, Université de Mascara, Mascara 29000 (Algeria)

2014-12-05

Highlights: • The Fermi surface and optoelectronic properties for Rb{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}UM{sub 6} (M = S, Se) compounds are investigated for the first time. • The electronic band structure calculations reveal a metallic nature for the herein studied compounds. • The bonding nature between different atoms is discussed. • Considerable anisotropy was found between the principal complex tensor components for the two compounds. - Abstract: First principle calculations of electronic, Fermi surface, electronic charge density and optical properties of Quaternary Uranium Chalcogenides Rb{sub 2}Pd{sub 3}UM{sub 6} (M = S, Se) are performed using full potential linear augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method within the frame work of density functional theory. Using mBJ method, the electronic band curves overlap at Fermi level and show metallic band structure for both compounds. The calculated densities of states (DOS) spectra show that the valence band is mainly attributed to Rb-p, Pd-d and S-s/p or Se-s/p states; conduction band is mainly attributed to Pd-d, U-f and S-p or Se-p/d states. From the electronic charge density spectrum, it is revealed that a strong covalent bond exists between Pd and S, and Pd or Se while charge transfer between U and S, U and Se, Rb and S, and Rb and Se atoms results in ionic bond nature. It is noted from Fermi surface calculations that both compounds comprise same number of fast velocity electrons but differs in slow or intermediate velocity of electrons. The calculated frequency dependent dielectric function, energy loss function and reflectivity show a considerable anisotropy for both compounds.

Crystal structures of MBi{sub 2}Br{sub 7} (M = Rb, Cs) - filled variants of AX{sub 7} sphere packing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, Jen-Hui; Wolff, Alexander [Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universitaet Dresden, 01062 Dresden (Germany); Ruck, Michael [Fachrichtung Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universitaet Dresden, 01062 Dresden (Germany); Max-Planck-Institut fuer Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Noethnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden (Germany)

2016-03-15

The reinvestigation of the pseudo-binary systems MBr-BiBr{sub 3} (M = Rb, Cs) revealed two new phases with composition MBi{sub 2}Br{sub 7}. Both compounds are hygroscopic and show brilliant yellow color. The crystal structures were solved from X-ray single crystal diffraction data. The isostructural compounds adopt a new structure type in the triclinic space group P anti 1. The lattice parameters are a = 755.68(3) pm, b = 952.56(3) pm, c = 1044.00(4) pm, α = 76.400(2) , β = 84.590(2) , γ = 76.652(2) for RbBi{sub 2}Br{sub 7} and a = 758.71(5) pm, b = 958.23(7) pm, c = 1060.24(7) pm, α = 76.194(3) , β = 83.844(4) , γ = 76.338(3) for CsBi{sub 2}Br{sub 7}. The crystal structures consist of M{sup +} cations in anticuboctahedral coordination by bromide ions and bromidobismuthate(III) layers {sup 2}{sub ∞}[Bi{sub 2}Br{sub 7}]{sup -}. The 2D layers comprise pairs of BiBr{sub 6} octahedra sharing a common edge. The Bi{sub 2}Br{sub 10} double octahedra are further connected by common vertices. The bismuth(III) atoms increase their mutual distance in the double octahedra by off-centering so that the BiBr{sub 6} octahedra are distorted. The CsBi{sub 2}Br{sub 7} type can be interpreted as a common hexagonal close sphere packing of M and Br atoms, in which 1/4 of the octahedral voids are filled by Bi atoms. The structure type was systematically analyzed and compared with alternative types of common packings. The existence of a compound with the suggested composition CsBiBr{sub 4} could not be verified experimentally. (Copyright copyright 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

High-resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance evidence of phase transition of Rb,Cs-intercalated single-walled nanotubes

KAUST Repository

Bouhrara, M.

2011-09-06

We present 13 C high-resolution magic-angle-turning (MAT) and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance data of Cs and Rb intercalated single walled carbon nanotubes. We find two distinct phases at different intercalation levels. A simple charge transfer is applicable at low intercalation level. The new phase at high intercalation level is accompanied by a hybridization of alkali (s) orbitals with the carbon (sp2) orbitals of the single walled nanotubes, which indicate bundle surface sites is the most probable alkali site.

Vibrational spectra of Cs2Cu(SO4)2·6H2O and Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·nH2O (n = 4, 6) with a crystal structure determination of the Tutton salt Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O

Science.gov (United States)

Wildner, M.; Marinova, D.; Stoilova, D.

2016-02-01

The solubility in the three-component systems Cs2SO4-CuSO4-H2O and Cs2SeO4-CuSeO4-H2O have been studied at 25 °C. The experimental results show that double salts, Cs2Cu(SO4)2·6H2O and Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·4H2O, crystallize from the ternary solutions within large concentration ranges. Crystals of Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O were synthesized at somewhat lower temperatures (7-8 °C). The thermal dehydration of the title compounds was studied by TG, DTA and DSC methods and the respective dehydration schemes are proposed. The calculated enthalpies of dehydration (ΔHdeh) have values of: 434.2 kJ mol-1 (Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O), 280.9 kJ mol-1 (Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·4H2O), and 420.2 kJ mol-1 (the phase transition of Cs2Cu(SO4)2·6H2O into Cs2Cu(SO4)2·H2O). The crystal structure of Cs2Cu(SeO4)2ṡ6H2O was determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. It belongs to the group of Tutton salts, crystallizing isotypic to the respective sulfate in a monoclinic structure which is characterized by isolated Cu(H2O)6 octahedra and SeO4 tetrahedra, interlinked by hydrogen bonds and [9]-coordinated Cs+ cations. Infrared spectra of the cesium copper compounds are presented and discussed with respect to both the normal modes of the tetrahedral ions and the water molecules. The analysis of the infrared spectra of the double compounds reveals that the distortion of the selenate tetrahedra in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·4H2O is stronger than those in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O in agreement with the structural data. Matrix-infrared spectroscopy was applied to confirm this claim - Δν3 for SO4 2 - ions matrix-isolated in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O has a value of 35 cm-1 and that of the same ions included in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·4H2O - 84 cm-1. This spectroscopic finding is due to the formation of strong covalent bands Cu-OSO3 on one hand, and on the other to the stronger deformation of the host SeO4 2 - tetrahedra in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·4H2O as compared to those in Cs2Cu(SeO4)2·6H2O. The strength of the hydrogen bonds as deduced from the

Determination of Cs-134 and Cs-137 rain water samples

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lima, M.F.; Mazzilli, B.

1988-01-01

In order to setting an environmental monitoring program at IPEN, was developed a fast and simple methodology for concentration of Cs-134 and Cs-137 in rain water. This procedure consists in the precipitation of cesium and others cathions of its family (NH 4 + , K + and Rb + ) by ammonium molybdophosphate. The measures of the desintegration rates of Cs-134 and Cs-137 was done by gamma spectrometry in a Ge(Li) detector. After setting up the ideal experimental conditions, the procedure was used to analyze four samples of rain water. (author) [pt

Thermodynamic properties and behaviour of A2[(UO2)(MoO4)2] compounds with A = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lelet, Maxim I.; Suleimanov, Evgeny V.; Golubev, Aleksey V.; Geiger, Charles A.; Depmeier, Wulf; Bosbach, Dirk; Alekseev, Evgeny V.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Low temperature heat capacity of A 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ] (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) series was determined. • Enthalpy of formation of Li 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ] was determined by HF solution calorimetry. • Δ f G° (T = 298 K) of all phases from studied series were calculated. - Abstract: A thermodynamic investigation of five alkali-metal uranyl molybdates of the general formula A 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], where A = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, was undertaken. The various phases were synthesized by solid-state reaction of ANO 3, with A = Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs, MoO 3 and γ-UO 3 . The synthetic products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray fluorescence methods. The low-temperature heat capacity, S r °, was measured using adiabatic calorimetry from T = (6 to 335) K. Based on these data, the third law entropy at T = 298.15 K, S°, is (345 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for Li 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], (373 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for Na 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], (390 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for K 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], (377 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for Rb 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ] and (394 ± 1) J · K −1 · mol −1 for Cs 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ]. The enthalpy of formation of Li 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ] was determined using HF solution calorimetry giving Δ f H°(T = 298 K, Li 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3456 ± 9) kJ · mol −1 . Using these new experimental results, together with literature data, the Gibbs free energy of formation of each compound was calculated, giving: Δ f G°(T = 298 K, Li 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3204 ± 9) kJ · mol −1 , Δ f G°(T = 298 K, Na 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3243 ± 2) kJ · mol −1 , Δ f G°(T = 298 K, K 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3269 ± 3) kJ · mol −1 , Δ f G°(T = 298 K, Rb 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3262 ± 3) kJ · mol −1 , and Δ f G°(T = 298 K, Cs 2 [(UO 2 )(MoO 4 ) 2 ], cr) = −(3259 ± 3) kJ · mol −1 . Smoothed S r °(T) values

Novel synthetic alkali-yttrium silicates with a new microporous mixed framework topology: (Rb,Cs)9Y7Si24O63 and isotypic Rb9Y7Si24O63

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kolitsch, U.; Tillmanns, E.; Wierzbicka-Wieczorek, M.

2008-01-01

Prismatic colourless crystals of the two novel, isotypic title compounds were obtained by the flux growth technique. The crystal structures have been determined from single-crystal intensity data in space group R anti 3 with a=28.819(4)/28.799(4), c=13.916(3)/13.864(3) A, V=10009(3)/9958(3) A 3 , Z=6, R(F) =4.99/6.44%, respectively. They represent a novel structure type with microporous character. The framework is built from six-membered silicate rings (approximate UDUDUD orientation) containing isolated YO 6 octahedra and compressed ''six-membered rings'', which in fact build a spiral of corner-sharing SiO 4 tetrahedra. Approximately parallel to[111] run two different irregular channels hosting the Rb/Cs and Rb atoms. (copyright 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Syntheses and characterization of one-dimensional alkali metal antimony(III) thiostannates(IV), A{sub 2}Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10} (A=K, Rb, Cs)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yohannan, Jinu P.; Vidyasagar, Kanamaluru, E-mail: kvsagar@iitm.ac.in

2015-01-15

Three new isostructural quaternary antimony(III) thiostannates(IV), A{sub 2}Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10} (A=K, Rb, Cs) have been synthesized by using alkali metal thiosulfate flux and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. Their structures contain A{sup +} ions around the [Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10}]{sup 2−} chains, which are built from SbS{sub 3} pyramids, SnS{sub 6} octahedra and SnS{sub 4} tetrahedra. Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopic measurements corroborate the oxidation states and coordination environments of Sb(III) and Sn(IV). All three compounds are wide band gap semiconductors. Potassium compound undergoes partial exchange with strontium, cadmium and lead ions. - Graphical abstract: Syntheses, crystal structure, spectroscopic and partial ion-exchange studies of new one-dimensional alkali metal antimony(III) thiostannates(IV), A{sub 2}Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10} (A=K, Rb, Cs) are described. - Highlights: • Syntheses of new alkali metal antimony(III) thiostannates(IV), A{sub 2}Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10} (A=K, Rb, Cs). • Wide band gap semiconductors with one-dimensional structure. • Topotactic partial exchange of K{sup +} ions of K{sub 2}Sb{sub 2}Sn{sub 3}S{sub 10} with Sr{sup 2+}, Cd{sup 2+} and Pb{sup 2+} ions.

Unusual centrosymmetric structure of [M(18-crown-6)](+) (M = Rb, Cs and NH4) complexes stabilized in an environment of hexachloridoantimonate(V) anions.

Science.gov (United States)

Ponomarova, Vira V; Rusanova, Julia A; Rusanov, Eduard B; Domasevitch, Konstantin V

2015-10-01

In (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane)rubidium hexachloridoantimonate(V), [Rb(C12H24O6)][SbCl6], (1), and its isomorphous caesium {(1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane)caesium hexachloridoantimonate(V), [Cs(C12H24O6)][SbCl6]}, (2), and ammonium {ammonium hexachloridoantimonate(V)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (1/1), (NH4)[SbCl6]·C12H24O6}, (3), analogues, the hexachloridoantimonate(V) anions and 18-crown-6 molecules reside across -3 axes passing through the Sb atoms and the centroids of the 18-crown-6 groups, both of which coincide with centres of inversion. The Rb(+) [in (1)], Cs(+) [in (2)] and NH4(+) [in (3)] cations are situated inside the cavity of the 18-crown-6 ring; they are situated on -3 axes and are equally disordered about centres of inversion, deviating from the centroid of the 18-crown-6 molecule by 0.4808 (13), 0.9344 (7) and 0.515 (8) Å, respectively. Interaction of the ammonium cation and the 18-crown-6 group is supported by three equivalent hydrogen bonds [N...O = 2.928 (3) Å and N-H...O = 162°]. The centrosymmetric structure of [Cs(18-crown-6)](+), with the large Cs(+) cation approaching the centre of the ligand cavity, is unprecedented and accompanied by unusually short Cs-O bonds [2.939 (2) and 3.091 (2) Å]. For all three compounds, the [M(18-crown-6)](+) cations and [SbCl6](-) anions afford linear stacks along the c axis, with the cationic complexes embedded between pairs of inversion-related anions.

Ferromagnetic Peierls insulator state in A Mg4Mn6O15(A =K ,Rb ,Cs )

Science.gov (United States)

Yamaguchi, T.; Sugimoto, K.; Ohta, Y.; Tanaka, Y.; Sato, H.

2018-04-01

Using the density-functional-theory-based electronic structure calculations, we study the electronic state of recently discovered mixed-valent manganese oxides A Mg4Mn6O15(A =K ,Rb ,Cs ) , which are fully spin-polarized ferromagnetic insulators with a cubic crystal structure. We show that the system may be described as a three-dimensional arrangement of the one-dimensional chains of a 2 p orbital of O and a 3 d orbital of Mn running along the three axes of the cubic lattice. We thereby argue that in the ground state the chains are fully spin polarized due to the double-exchange mechanism and are distorted by the Peierls mechanism to make the system insulating.

Trace elements (Rb, Cs, Sr, Pb, Th, U) bioavailability potential and speciation in the Piracicaba river bottom sediments, Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandes, Alexandre Martins; Mortatti, Jefferson; Oliveira, Helder de; Bibian, Joao Paulo Rambelli; Moraes, Graziela Meneghel de; Probst, Jean-Luc

2007-01-01

It was studied the bioavailability potential of Rb, Cs, Sr, Pb, Th and U and their chemical speciation in Piracicaba river bottom sediments. This river system crosses important agricultural and urban areas of Sao Paulo state, which groups about 3 million people and receives a large load of agricultural, industrial and domestic wastes. The procedure used to estimate trace elements bioavailability potential was related to a 7-step sequential chemical extraction. This scheme was designed to dissolved and separate sample chemical phases, which can be affected by changes in physical-chemical conditions; in the following order: water soluble, exchangeable, bound to carbonates or acid fraction, bound to Mn-oxides, bound to Fe-oxides and bound to organic matter. Trace element concentrations were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) after each extraction step. With the used extraction procedure, it was possible to identify the fraction where some trace elements could be found in order to evaluate their bioavailability potential. Rb and Cs were particularly involved with the organic fraction, while Sr revealed to be associated mainly to the exchangeable fraction (clay minerals). Pb, Th and U were mainly bound to the residual and Fe-oxide fractions. (author)

Theoretical study of spin–orbit and Coriolis coupling among the low-lying states of Rb{sub 2} and Cs{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pazyuk, Elena A.; Revina, Elena I.; Stolyarov, Andrey V., E-mail: avstol@phys.chem.msu.ru

2015-11-25

Highlights: • Spin–orbit and angular coupling matrix elements of Rb{sub 2} and Cs{sub 2} were ab initio calculated. • The predicted molecular parameters agree well with the most experimental counterparts. • Non-adiabatic treatment of Rb{sub 2} and Cs{sub 2} properties could be accomplished with high accuracy. - Abstract: The spin–orbit (SO) and angular (Coriolis) coupling matrix elements of rubidium and cesium dimers have been calculated between the states converging to the lowest three dissociation limits. The relevant quasi-relativistic matrix elements were evaluated for a wide range of internuclear distances and density grid in the basis of the spin-averaged wave functions corresponding to pure Hund’s coupling case (a). Both shape and energy consistent small (9-electrons) effective core pseudopotentials were used to monitor a sensitivity of the matrix elements to the particular basis set. The dynamic correlation has been taken accounted by a large scale multi-reference configuration interaction method which was applied for only two valence electrons. The l-independent core-polarization potentials were employed to take into account the residual core-valence effect. The assessment of current accuracy of the present ab initio functions is discussed by a comparison with preceding calculations and their empirical counterparts.

Systems of Na/sup +/NO/sub 3/, Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/, RbNO/sub 3/, Rb/sub 2/SO/sub 4/-H/sub 2/O and NaNO/sub 3/, Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/, CsNO/sub 3/, Cs/sub 2/SO/sub 4/-H/sub 2/O at 25 and 75 deg C

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poletaev, I F; Krasnenkova, L V

1975-08-01

Quaternary Na/sup +/, Rb/sup +///NO/sub 3/-, SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/-H/sub 2/O and Nsub(+), Cs/sup +///NO/sub 3/-, SO/sub 4//sup 2 -/-H/sub 2/O mutual systems have been studied isothermally. The following six fields of crystallization have been revealed in these systems at 25 deg C: Cs/sub 2/SO/sub 4/, Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/, Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/x10H/sub 2/O, NaNO/sub 3/xNa/sub 2/SO/sub 4/x2H/sub 2/O, NaNO/sub 3/, and CsNO/sub 3/.

X-ray characteristics and thermal transformations of double diphosphates MLnP2O7 (M-K, Rb, Cs; Ln-REE of yttrium subgroup)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anisimova, N.Yu.; Chudinova, N.N.; Trunov, V.K.; AN SSSR, Moscow

1993-01-01

Results on studying double diphosphates of rare earth metals with K, Rb and Cs are studied by methods of X-ray analysis, high-temperature roentgenography and DTA. Double diphosphates of rare earth and alkali metals are crystallized in three structural types: monoclinic, rhombic and hexagonal, whereby rhombic form by heating inversely transforms into hexagonal one. MLnP 2 O 7 thermal transformations are studied

Introducing a Hydrogen-Bond Donor into a Weakly Nucleophilic Brønsted Base: Alkali Metal Hexamethyldisilazides (MHMDS, M=Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) with Ammonia.

Science.gov (United States)

Neufeld, Roman; Michel, Reent; Herbst-Irmer, Regine; Schöne, Ralf; Stalke, Dietmar

2016-08-22

Alkali metal 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazide (MHMDSs) are one of the most utilised weakly nucleophilic Brønsted bases in synthetic chemistry and especially in natural product synthesis. Like lithium organics, they aggregate depending on the employed donor solvents. Thus, they show different reactivity and selectivity as a function of their aggregation and solvation state. To date, monomeric LiHMDS with monodentate donor bases was only characterised in solution. Since the first preparation of LiHMDS in 1959 by Wannagat and Niederprüm, all efforts to crystallise monomeric LiHMDS in the absence of chelating ligands failed. Herein, we present ammonia adducts of LiHMDS, NaHMDS, KHMDS, RbHMDS and CsHMDS with unprecedented aggregation motifs: 1) The hitherto missing monomeric key compound in the LiHMDS aggregation architectures. Monomeric crystal structures of trisolvated LiHMDS (1) and NaHMDS (2), showing unique intermolecular hydrogen bonds, 2) the unprecedented tetrasolvated KHMDS (3) and RbHMDS (4) dimers and 3) the disolvated CsHMDS (5) dimer with very close intermolecular Si-CH3 ⋅⋅⋅Cs s-block "agostic" interactions have been prepared and characterised by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

New uranium chalcoantimonates, RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8} and KU{sub 2}SbSe{sub 8}, with a polar noncentrosymmetric structure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, K S; Kanatzidis, M G

1999-09-01

The new compounds, RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8} and KU{sub 2}SbSe{sub 8}, were prepared as golden-black, blocklike crystals by the polychalcogenide molten flux method. RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8} has a two-dimensional character with layers running perpendicular to the c-axis. The coordination geometry around the U{sup 4+} atoms is best described as a bicapped trigonal prism. The trigonal prisms share triangular faces with neighboring prisms, forming one-dimensional columns along the a-axis. The columns are then joined to construct sheets by sharing capping S atoms. Sb{sup 3+} ions are sitting at the center of a slightly distorted seesaw coordination environment (CN = 4). Rb{sup +} ions are stabilized in 8-coordinate bicapped trigonal prismatic sites. KU{sub 2}SbSe{sub 8} has essentially the same structure as RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8}. However, Sb{sup 3+} and K{sup +} ions appear disordered in every other layer resulting in a different unit cell. RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8} is a semiconductor with a band gap of 1.38 eV. The band gap of KU{sub 2}SbSe{sub 8} could not be determined precisely due to the presence of overlapping intense f-f transitions in the region (0.5--1.1 eV). The Raman spectra show the disulfide stretching vibration in RbU{sub 2}SbS{sub 8} at 479 cm{sup {minus}1} and the diselenide stretching vibration in KU{sub 2}SbSe{sub 8} at 252 cm{sup {minus}1}. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the presence of U{sup 4+} centers in the compounds. The compounds do not melt below 1,000 C under vacuum.

A2TiF5.nH2O (A=K, Rb, or Cs; n=0 or 1): Synthesis, structure, characterization, and calculations of three new uni-dimensional titanium fluorides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jo, Vinna; Woo Lee, Dong; Koo, Hyun-Joo; Ok, Kang Min

2011-01-01

Three new uni-dimensional alkali metal titanium fluoride materials, A 2 TiF 5 .nH 2 O (A=K, Rb, or Cs; n=0 or 1) have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions. The structures of A 2 TiF 5 .nH 2 O have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Ti 4+ cations have been reduced to Ti 3+ during the synthesis reactions. All three A 2 TiF 5 .nH 2 O materials contain novel 1-D chain structures that are composed of the slightly distorted Ti 3+ F 6 corner-sharing octahedra attributable to the Jahn-Teller distortion. The coordination environment of the alkali metal cations plays an important role to determine the degree of turning in the chain structures. Complete structural analyses, Infrared and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and thermal analyses are presented, as are electronic structure calculations. -- Graphical abstract: Ball-and-stick and polyhedral representations for (a) β-K 2 TiF 5 and (b) Rb 2 TiF 5 .H 2 O or Cs 2 TiF 5 .H 2 O with the K + and Rb + (or Cs + ) coordination environment emphasized. Display Omitted Research highlights: → Synthesis, structure, characterization, and calculation of new titanium fluorides. → Study of reduction of starting Ti 4+ cations to Ti 3+ by DMF. → Novel 1-D chain structures with Jahn-Teller distorted TiF 6 octahedra.

Determination of Br, Rb, Cs, Sc and Na in various plant leaves located in an urban park by neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iqbal, M.Z.; Qadir, M.A.

1990-01-01

Br, Rb, Cs, Sc and Na concentrations were determined in different plant species from an urban park at Lahore, Pakistan to determine the effect of airborne emission on roadside ecosystem. Attention was paid to the leaves of Sapindus mukorossis, Alstonia scholaris and Diospyros embryopteris. Different varieties of tissues were found to have different concentration of trace elements when compared with each other. The concentration of trace element deposition was compared with the values reported in literature. Significant pollution was observed. (author) 5 refs.; 1 fig.; 1 tab

Rb*Hen exciplexes in solid 4He

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofer, A.; Moroshkin, P.; Nettels, D.; Ulzega, S.; Weis, A.

2006-01-01

We report the observation of emission spectra from Rb*He n exciplexes in solid 4 He. Two different excitation channels were experimentally identified, viz., exciplex formation via laser excitation to the atomic 5P 3/2 and to the 5P 1/2 levels. While the former channel was observed before in liquid helium, on helium nanodroplets, and in helium gas by different groups, the latter creation mechanism occurs only in solid helium or in gaseous helium above 10 K. The experimental results are compared to theoretical predictions based on the extension of a model, used earlier by us for the description of Cs*He n exciplexes. We also report the observation of fluorescence from atomic rubidium in solid helium, and discuss striking differences between the spectroscopic features of Rb-He and Cs-He systems

The polarization and the fundamental sensitivity of 39K (133Cs)-85Rb-4He hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free atomic magnetometers.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Jian-Hua; Jing, Dong-Yang; Wang, Liang-Liang; Li, Yang; Quan, Wei; Fang, Jian-Cheng; Liu, Wu-Ming

2017-07-28

The hybrid optical pumping spin exchange relaxation free (SERF) atomic magnetometers can realize ultrahigh sensitivity measurement of magnetic field and inertia. We have studied the 85 Rb polarization of two types of hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometers based on 39 K- 85 Rb- 4 He and 133 Cs- 85 Rb- 4 He respectively. Then we found that 85 Rb polarization varies with the number density of buffer gas 4 He and quench gas N 2 , pumping rate of pump beam and cell temperature respectively, which will provide an experimental guide for the design of the magnetometer. We obtain a general formula on the fundamental sensitivity of the hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometer due to shot-noise. The formula describes that the fundamental sensitivity of the magnetometer varies with the number density of buffer gas and quench gas, the pumping rate of pump beam, external magnetic field, cell effective radius, measurement volume, cell temperature and measurement time. We obtain a highest fundamental sensitivity of 1.5073 aT/Hz 1/2 (1 aT = 10 -18 T) with 39 K- 85 Rb- 4 He magnetometer between above two types of magnetometers when 85 Rb polarization is 0.1116. We estimate the fundamental sensitivity limit of the hybrid optical pumping SERF magnetometer to be superior to 1.8359 × 10 -2 aT/Hz 1/2 , which is higher than the shot-noise-limited sensitivity of 1 aT/Hz 1/2 of K SERF atomic magnetometer.

Estimation of enthalpies and entropies of melting of arsenates from phase diagrams of MeAsO3-Me3AsO4 (Me=Na,K,Rb,Cs) and correlation of thermodynamic properties of alkali metal arsenates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kasenov, B.K.; Isabaev, S.M.; Buketov, E.A.

1982-01-01

Values of ΔHsub(melting)sup(0) and ΔSsub(melting)sup(0) for Na 3 AsO 4 , K 3 AsO 4 , Rb 3 AsO 4 and Cs 3 AsO 4 (65.3 kJ/mol and 44.4 J/molxK respectively) were calculated by the Shredder-Vant-Hoff equation in the approximation of ideal solutions from diagrams of the state of MeAsO 3 -He 3 AsO 4 (Me=Na, K, Rb, Cs) systems. ΔHsub(298)sup(0)-f(Tsub(melting)) and ΔHsub(melting)sup(0)-f(ΔHsub(298)sup(0)) dependences were found for arsenates

Conductrometric, density and thermal measurements of the M2S2O7 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) salts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hatem, Gerard; Abdoun, Fatma; Gaune-Escard, Marcelle

1998-01-01

Physico-chemical properties, such as densities, conductivities, enthalpies of phase transitions and melting points, have been measured and summarised for the alkali pyrosulphates Na2S2O7, K2S2O7, Rb2S2O7, CS2S2O7. The densities of the molten pyrosulphates could be expressed by the linear expression...... pyrosulphates the temperatures of fusion, the enthalpies and entropies of fusion and possible solid-solid transitions together with the molar heat capacities of the solid and liquid pyrosulphates at 300-800 K, have been obtained and discussed in relation to the conductrometric measurements and the few related...

Brain regional uptake of radioactive Sc, Mn, Zn, Se, Rb and Zr tracers into normal mice during aging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amano, R.; Enomoto, S.

2001-01-01

Radioactive multitracer technique was applied to study the brain regional uptake of trace elements by the normal mice during aging. The brain regional radioactivities of 46 Sc, 54 Mn, 65 Zn, 75 Se, 83 Rb and 88 Zr were measured 48 hours after intraperitoneal injection of a solution in normal mice aged 6 to 52 weeks to evaluate the brain regional (corpus striatum, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and pons and medulla) uptakes. The radioactive distributions of 46 Sc, 54 Mn and 88 Zr tracers were variable and region-specific in the brain, while those of 65 Zn, 75 Se and 83 Rb tracers were comparable among all regions of interest. The brain regional uptakes of all tracers slightly increased with age from 10 to 28 weeks, and then remained constant during aging after 28 weeks. These uptake variations may be involved in the functional degenerative process of the blood-brain barrier during aging. (author)

Synthesis and crystal structure of alkali metal diamido dioxosilicates M2SiO2(NH2)2 with M corresponds to K, Rb and Cs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacobs, H.; Mengis, H.

1993-01-01

SiO 2 - α-quartz - reacts with alkali metal amides MNH 2 (M corresponds to K, Rb, and Cs) in molar ratios from 1:2 to 1:10 at 450 C ≤ T ≤ 600 C and P(NH 3 ) = 6 kbar in autoclaves to diamidodioxosilicates M[SiO 2 (NH 2 ) 2 ]. Crystals of the colourless compounds which hydrolyze rapidly were investigated by X-ray methods. (orig.)

Syntheses and crystal structures of two novel alkaline uranyl chromates A2(UO2)(CrO4)2 (A=Rb, Cs) with bidentate coordination mode of uranyl ions by chromate anions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siidra, Oleg I.; Nazarchuk, Evgeny V.; Krivovichev, Sergey V.

2012-01-01

Single crystals of Cs 2 (UO 2 )(CrO 4 ) 2 and Rb 2 (UO 2 )(CrO 4 ) 2 were prepared by solid state reactions. The structures are based upon the [(UO 2 )(CrO 4 ) 2 ] 2− chains. Within the chains, UrO 5 pentagonal bipyramids (Ur=uranyl) form Ur 2 O 8 dimers, which are linked via CrO 4 tetrahedra into one-dimensional chains. The CrO 4 tetrahedra coordinate uranyl ions in both mono- and bidentate fashion, which is unusual for uranyl chromates. The bidentate coordination has a strong influence upon geometrical parameters of both U and Cr coordination polyhedra. The conformation of the chains in 1 and 2 is different due to the different size of the Cs + and Rb + cations. - Graphical abstract: Uranyl chromate chain with monodentate and bidentate coordination mode of uranyl cations by CrO 4 tetrahedra in Cs 2 (UO 2 )(CrO 4 ) 2 . Highlights: ► Single crystals of novel uranyl chromates were prepared by solid state reactions. ► The CrO 4 tetrahedra coordinate uranyl ions in both mono- and bidentate fashion. ►The bidentate coordination has a strong influence upon geometrical parameters.

The energy band structure of A{sub x}Fe{sub 2}Se{sub 2} (A = K, Rb) superconductors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zabidi, Noriza A. [Physics Department, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 59200 (Malaysia); Azhan, Muhd. Z. [Defence Science Department, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 59200 (Malaysia); Rosli, A. N. [Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan (Malaysia); Shrivastava, Keshav N. [School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046 (India)

2014-03-05

We study the band structure of antiferromagnetic A{sub x}Fe{sub 2}Se{sub 2} (A = K, Rb) superconductors by using first-principles electronic structure calculations which is density functional theory. In the vicinity of iron-vacancy, we identify the valence electrons of A{sub x}Fe{sub 2}Se{sub 2} will be filled up to the Fermi level and no semiconducting gap is observed. Hence, the A{sub x}Fe{sub 2}Se{sub 2} is a metallic instead of semiconducting which leads to superconductivity in the orbital-selective Mott phase. Similarly, there is non-vanishing density of states at the Fermi level.

Rare gas isotope yields in bremsstrahlung-induced nuclear reactions of 41K, 87Rb, 127I, 133Cs, and 139La

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oura, Y.; Yazawa, A.; Sarkar, S.R.; Sakamoto, K.; Shibata, S.; Fujiwara, I.; Furukawa, M.

1994-05-01

Radiochemical yield measurements have been reported for 41 K(γ, π + ) 41 Ar, 87 Rb(γ, π + ) 87 Kr, 133 Cs(γ, π + ) 133m,133g Xe, 127 I(γ, π - xn) 127-x Xe (x=0,2,4,5, and 6), 133 Cs(γ, pxn) 132-x Xe (x=1,3,5,7,9,10, and 11), and 139 La(γ, 3pxn) 136- xXe (x=7,9,11,13,14, and 15) at bremsstrahlung end-point energies(E 0 ) of 50-1200 MeV. For photopion reactions it has been confirmed that the both yields of (γ, π - ) and (γ, π + ) reactions are independent of target mass (A t ) and the yield ratios of (γ, π - ) to (γ, π + ) reactions are about 5 over the studied ranges of E 0 and A t . The profile of 127 I(γ, π - xn) yields as a function of x is similar to that of 133 Cs but quite different from that of 51 V when compared at the same E 0 , suggesting a strong A t dependence. It is also found that the photospallogenic Xe isotope yields from 133 Cs and 139 La are consistent with the reported mass yield pattems of the other radionuclides produced from the same targets. These results are discussed by referring to the previous literature values and to a cascade-evaporation calculation based on the PICA code by Gabriel and Alsmiller. (author)

Partial cross sections for Rb- photodetachment in the region of the Rb(5p2Psub(1/2,3/2)) thresholds and their analysis by multichannel quantum defect theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frey, P.; Lawen, M.; Breyer, F.; Klar, H.; Hotop, H.

1982-01-01

A crossed ion-laser beam apparatus has been used to measure accurate relative total and partial cross sections for photodetachment from Rb - ions with high photon energy resolution (0.1-0.6 cm -1 ) in the region of the Rb(5p 2 Psub(1/2,3/2)) thresholds (photon energy range 16.350-16.820 cm -1 ). Satisfactory fits to these data by multichannel quantum defect theory (MQDT) have been obtained, resulting in a reliable set of seven MQDT parameters. The electron angular distribution parameter for the Rb(5s) channel was found to be β(5s)=2, independent of photon energy, MQDT predicts a sharp, window-type variation of β(5s) around the minimum of the 5s-cross section below the Rb(5p 2 Psub(1/2)) threshold (where an accurate experimental measurement of β(5s) was not possible) and a similar behaviour of β(6s) in the case of Cs - photodetachment below the Cs(6p 2 Psub(1/2)) threshold. (orig.)

Selectivity of crystalline Ce(IV)-phosphate-sulphate hydrates for Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, and NH4+ in aqueous medium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koenig, K.H.; Psotta, L.

1978-01-01

The sequence of exchange-capacities of Cerium(IV)-phosphate-sulphate hydrate (CePO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 )sub(0.74)(SO 4 )sub(0.26) . 4.74 H 2 O concerning the alkaline ions and the ammonium ion in water at 25 0 C for the case of a small excess of the exchanger (in relation to the equivalent amount) is given by Na + > K + > Rb + > NH 4 + > Cs + > Li + . The simple relation A const/r was found between the exchange-capacity A of these cations and their ionic radii r (given by Ladd); only for Li + the radius of the inner hydration-shell must be considered. The observations are consistent with Eisenmann's theory. (author)

(Li1−xFexOHFeSe Superconductors: Crystal Growth, Structure, and Electromagnetic Properties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guo-Yong Zhang

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This review focuses on the growth of high-quality (Li1−xFexOHFeSe single crystals by a hydrothermal method using floating-zone-grown AxFe2−ySe2 (A = K, Rb, and Cs as precursors. The structure, superconductivity, and magnetic behavior of the obtained crystals are highly influenced by the growth conditions, such as time, temperature, and composition. A phase diagram with temperature against the c-lattice constant is summarized including the antiferromagnetic spin density wave, superconducting, and paramagnetic phases.

Investigation of pump-to-seed beam matching on output features of Rb and Cs vapor laser amplifiers

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Binglin; Huang, Jinghua; Xu, Xingqi; Xia, Chunsheng; Pan, Bailiang

2018-05-01

Taking into account the beam radii of pump light and seed laser along the entire length of the cell and their intensities in the cross section, a physical model with ordinary differential equation methods for alkali vapor amplifiers is established. Applied to the reported optically pumped Rb and diode-pumped Cs vapor amplifiers, the model shows good agreement between the calculated and measured dependence of amplified power on the seed power. A larger width of the spontaneous emission region as compared to the widths of pump absorption and laser emission regions, which will result in very high energy losses, is observed in the cell. Influence of pump and seed beam waists on output performance is calculated, showing that the pump and seed beam should match each other not only in shape but also in size, thus an optimal combination of beam radii is very important for efficient operation of alkali vapor amplifiers.

Studies of rubidium selenate with secondary phase of RbOH under humidified reducing atmosphere

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beyribey, Berceste; Hallinder, Jonathan; Poulsen, Finn Willy; Bonanos, Nikolaos; Mogensen, Mogens

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Degradation of Rb 2 SeO 3 and Rb 2 SeO 4 to form RbOH provide protonic conductivity. ► The conductivity increases by increasing temperature. ► The highest conductivity value of 2.01·10 −4 S cm −1 is observed at 317 °C. ► The work may state conductivity rise in solid acid electrolytes upon decomposition. - Abstract: The high temperature properties of Rb 2 SeO 4 have been studied by calorimetry, impedance spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. As synthesized, Rb 2 SeO 4 includes a second phase of Rb 2 SeO 3 , which can be eliminated upon heating the compound. As expected, no conductivity is observed in dry (pH 2 O 2 O = 0.1 bar) air at 176 °C, the conductivity increases sharply from 8.6·10 −8 to 1.7·10 −6 S cm −1 . Under humidified (pH 2 O = 0.1 bar) reducing atmosphere (9%H 2 in N 2 ), the conductivity increases to 2.0·10 −4 S cm −1 at 317 °C. Degradation of Rb 2 SeO 3 and Rb 2 SeO 4 to form RbOH, which is known as a proton conductor, are thought to be responsible for the observed conductivity in humidified atmospheres. Our observations may explain the conductivity rise in other solid acid electrolytes, including sulfate and selenate groups, around their decomposition temperatures, in humidified atmospheres.

Emission spectra of Rb*Hen exciplexes in a cold 4He gas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, K.; Enomoto, K.; Kumakura, M.; Takahashi, Y.; Yabuzaki, T.

2003-01-01

We report on the systematic observation of emission spectra of Rb * He n exciplexes (n=1,2,...,6), realized by exciting Rb atoms to the 5 2 P states (Rb * ) in a cold 4 He gas. The observed broad spectral components are assigned to Rb * He n (n=1-6) using theoretical spectra obtained from ab initio potential curves. The dynamics of the exciplex formation is discussed, based on the observed temperature dependence of the spectra. The He gas density dependence of the spectra of Rb * He is understood as a change in the population distribution over the vibrational levels. The present results are compared with our previous work with Cs [K. Enomoto et al., Phys. Rev. A 66, 042505 (2002)], and differences are explained in terms of the difference in the fine-structure splitting. Furthermore, we show the emission spectrum observed after the excitation of Rb in liquid He and conclude that it is the fluorescence from the exciplex Rb * He 6

Studies of rubidium selenate with secondary phase of RbOH under humidified reducing atmosphere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Beyribey, Berceste; Hallinder, Jonathan; Poulsen, Finn Willy

2012-01-01

The high temperature properties of Rb2SeO4 have been studied by calorimetry, impedance spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. As synthesized, Rb2SeO4 includes a second phase of Rb2SeO3, which can be eliminated upon heating the compound. As expected, no conductivity is observed in dry (pH2O ....001 bar) air. By changing to humidified (pH2O = 0.1 bar) air at 176 deg. C, the conductivity increases sharply from 8.6·10-8 to 1.7·10-6 S cm-1. Under humidified (pH2O = 0.1 bar) reducing atmosphere (9%H2 in N2), the conductivity increases to 2.0·10-4 S cm-1 at 317 C. Degradation of Rb2SeO3 and Rb2SeO4...

Preparation of porous three-dimensional quaternary thioantimonates(III) ACuSb{sub 2}S{sub 4} (A=Rb, Cs) through a surfactant-thermal method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shen, Yaying; Liu, Chang; Hou, Peipei; Zhi, Mingjia; Zhou, Chunmei; Liu, Yi [Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China). State Key Lab. of Silicon Materials; Chai, Wenxiang [China Jiliang Univ., Hangzhou (China). College of Materials Science and Engineering; Cheng, Jian-Wen [Zhejiang Normal Univ., Jinhua (China). Inst. of Physical Chemistry; Zhang, Quichun [Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore (Singapore). School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological Univ., Singapore (Singapore). Div. of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry

2015-12-15

Two novel porous three-dimensional quaternary thioantimonates(III) ACuSb{sub 2}S{sub 4} (A=Rb, Cs) were successfully synthesized by employing the neutral surfactant PEG-400 (PEG=polyethyleneglycol) as reaction media, these are significantly different from the known quaternary A-Cu-Sb-S thioantimonates(III) with two-dimensional (2D) crystal structures. This is the first time that crystalline quaternary chalcogenides have been prepared in surfactant media. Both experimental and theoretical studies confirm they are semiconductors with narrow band gaps. Our results demonstrated that the surfactant-thermal strategy could offer a new opportunity to explore novel chalcogenides with diverse crystal structures and interesting physicochemical properties.

Application of boat method in emissive flame photometry for determination of Li, Rb, Cs, Na, K, Ca, Sr, Ba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Orlov, N.A.; Pobedonostsev, V.A.; Savel'ev, Yu.A.

1976-01-01

Study of the flame temperature and dependence of adsorbance on the C/O ratio over the boat for the carbide forming elements and the effect of material, thickness, and the height of the boat on the vaporization of alkaline and alkaline earth metals is described. For a boat (70x8, and 0.3 mm thickness), made from Cu, brass, and Ni, the fall in temperature over the boat was 70, 130, 250, and 340 0 , respectively, for air-C 2 H 2 and 50, 100, 210, and 280 0 for N 2 O-C 2 H 2 flame. Introduction of the boat increases the C/O ratio in the analytical zone of the flame, probably caused by a creation of a shaded space, immediately above the boat. Smaller amounts of atmospheric O enter into the space, when compared with the flame in the absence of the boat. The increase in the C/O ratio decreases the absorbance, which in turn, is caused by the fall in temperature and formation of carbides. Time lag between heating of the boat and the initiation of vaporization of the sample and the duration of evaporation impulse were measured. Solutions of CsCl, containing 1 μg Cs/ml were used at 852.1 nm. The boats, previously treated with 0.1% polystyrene in C 6 H 6 , to give a hydrophobic surface and an uniform salt layer distribution, containing the sample were dried under an ir lamp and introduced into the flame. The dependence of Cs emission on the thickness of the different materials (Ni, Cu, Ta) and heights of boats in the air-C 2 H 2 flame is illustrated. The duration of the emission impulse decreases linearly with the decrease of thickness of the boat for all materials tested. Limits of detection of Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Ca, Sr, and Ba were determined by using the equilibrium and the boat methods, the latter being some 1-2 orders lower than the former

Cs separation from nitric acid solutions of radioactive waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heckmann, K.; Pieronczyk, W.; Strnad, J.; Feldmaier, F.

1989-01-01

It was the objective of this study to selectively separate active caesium (Cs-134 and Cs-137) from acid radioactive waste solutions (especially MAW and HAWC). The following 'strategy' was designed for a separation process: synthesis of reagents which are acid-resistant and selective for caesium; precipitation of Cs + and separation of the precipitates by filtration or centrifugation or precipitation of Cs + and separation of the precipitates by flotation; caesium separation by liquid-liquid extraction. As precipitating agents, sodium tetraphenylborate (kalignost) and several of its fluorine derivatives were examined. (orig./RB) [de

Crystal structure of Cs3H(SeO4)2 (T=295 K) and its changes in phase transformations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merinov, B.V.; Bolotina, N.B.; Baranov, A.I.; Shuvalov, L.A.

1988-01-01

Crystal structure of Cs 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 3 phase at T=295 K is decoded by X-ray diffraction data. Monoclinic cell parameters are improved: a=10.903(3), b=6.390(8), c=8.452(2)A, β=112.46(1) deg, V=544 A 3 , Z=2, sp. gr. C2/m. Structural peculiarities of 3↔2↔1 phase transitions in Cs 3 H(SeO 4 ) 2 and proton conductivity mechanism in superionic phase are considered

Transition probabilities for the alkali isoelectronic sequences Li I, Na I, K I, Rb I, Cs I, FR I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lindgard, A.; Nielsen, S.E.

1977-01-01

Dipole transition probabilities, oscillator strengths, lifetimes (mean lives), and branching ratios derived from a numerical Coulomb approximation are presented for experimentally identified (and some extrapolated) states n< or =12, l< or =4 for each of the following members of the alkali sequences (Z/sub net/ is the net charge of the corresponding ion): Li I Z/sub net/=1-15, 17-24 Rb I Z/sub net/=1-6 Na I Z/sub net/=1-24 Cs I Z/sub net/=1-5 K I Z/sub net/=1-7 Fr I Z/sub net/=2,4. The results are presented in transition diagrams and in tables giving energy-level values and transition wavelengths as well. An appendix on hydrogen results for 5< or =n< or =12, 4< or =l< or =11 is included to represent the high-angular-momentum states of all members of the alkali isoelectronic sequences

Features of the core-valence luminescence and electron energy band structure of A1-xCsxCaCl3 (A = K,Rb) crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chornodolskyy, Ya; Stryganyuk, G; Syrotyuk, S; Voloshinovskii, A; Rodnyi, P

2007-01-01

From luminescence spectroscopy of CsCaCl 3 , Rb 1-x Cs x CaCl 3 and K 1-x Cs x CaCl 3 crystals, we have found evidence for intrinsic and impurity core-valence luminescence due to the radiative recombination of valence electrons with the holes of intrinsic or impurity 5p Cs + core states. The structural similarity of core-valence luminescence spectra has been revealed for the A 1-x Cs x CaCl 3 (A = K,Rb) crystals investigated. The electron energy structure of the CsCaCl 3 crystal has been calculated using the pseudopotential approach taking into account the gradient corrections for the exchange-correlation energy. The calculated density of the electronic states of CsCaCl 3 has been compared with corresponding parameters obtained from the analysis of core-valence luminescence spectra

Composite detector for mixed radiations based on CsI(Tl) and dispersions of small ZnSe(Te) crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ryzhikov, V.; Gal'chinetskii, L.; Katrunov, K.; Lisetskaya, E.; Gavriluk, V.; Zelenskaya, O.; Starzhynskiy, N.; Chernikov, V.

2005-01-01

A new large area detector of high-energy X-ray and β-radiation has been designed and studied. A composite material based on small-crystalline ZnSe(Te) was applied onto the wide surface of a light guide. An experimental specimen has been prepared, which showed β-sensitivity C β =5.5cm 2 . The spectrograms of a 90 Sr+ 90 Y β-source obtained with the specimen under study make it possible to evaluate the age of the source by the ratio of low- and high-energy regions of the spectrum. The combined detector (CD) comprises a single crystalline plate of ZnSe(Te) placed onto the output window of a scintillating transparent light guide made of CsI(Tl) in the shape of a truncated pyramid. The CsI(Tl) light guide is used to create an additional channel for detection of γ-radiation, as well as for protecting the photodiode from the penetrating radiation. It is shown that introduction of the light guide does not worsen the energy resolution characteristics of ZnSe(Te). Separate detection of α- and γ-radiation has been achieved under simultaneous excitation by 239 Pu (ZnSe(Te), R α =6%) and 241 Am (CsI(Tl), R γ =20%). The use of selective optical filters allows separation of the peaks of total absorption (p.t.a.) in the case of their superposition

Synthesis and crystallographic study of the compounds in the system Cs{sub 2}O - Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} - SiO{sub 2}; Synthese et etude cristallographique des composes du systeme Cs{sub 2}O - Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} - SiO{sub 2}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Langlet, G [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-05-01

A study has been made on the preparation, structure and thermal evolution of some definite compounds in the system: Cs{sub 2}O - Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} - SiO{sub 2}. Precise details are given about the structure of the following compounds: CsAlO{sub 2}, RbAlO{sub 2}, KAlO{sub 2} and NaAlO{sub 2}; CsAlO{sub 2}, 2 H{sub 2}O; Cs{sub 2}O, 11 Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}; Cs{sub 2}O, 2 SiO{sub 2}; Cs{sub 2}O, 4 SiO{sub 2} and Rb{sub 2}O, 4 SiO{sub 2}; CsAlSiO{sub 4}; CsAlSi{sub 2}O{sub 6}; Cs{sub 4}Ge{sub 11}O{sub 24} and Rb{sub 4}Ge{sub 11}O{sub 24}. The long term purpose of this work was to find a compound which would be insoluble, refractory and at the same time able to contain radioactive isotopes of cesium and thus suitable as radiation sources. The knowledge of the properties and structure of aluminates, silicates and aluminosilicates is a necessary stage before the elaboration of ceramic caesium sources. The compound which seems quite convenient for this use, Cs{sub 2}AlSi{sub 2}O{sub 6}, is closely related to the natural mineral 'pollucite', and offers interesting properties. (author) [French] Ce travail constitue une etude de la preparation, de la structure et de l'evolution thermique des composes definis du systeme: Cs{sub 2}O - Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} - SiO{sub 2} et de quelques homologues. Des precisions sont donnees sur la structure des composes suivants: CsAlO{sub 2}, RbAlO{sub 2}, KAlO{sub 2} et NaAlO{sub 2}; CsAlO{sub 2}, 2 H{sub 2}O; Cs{sub 2}O, 11 Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}; Cs{sub 2}O, 2 SiO{sub 2}; Cs{sub 2}O, 4 SiO{sub 2} et Rb{sub 2}O, 4 SiO{sub 2}; CsAlSiO{sub 4}; CsAlSi{sub 2}O{sub 6}; Cs{sub 4}Ge{sub 11}O{sub 24} et Rb{sub 4}Ge{sub 11}O{sub 24}. Le but a long terme de cette etude consistait a obtenir un compose a la fois refractaire et insoluble, susceptible de contenir un isotope radioactif du caesium, et d'etre utilise comme source de rayonnement. La connaissance des proprietes et de la structure des aluminates, silicates et aluminosilicates represente une etape necessaire

RB research nuclear reactor - Annual report for 1986, I - III; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RB (Izvestaj o radu u 1986. godini), I-III

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Markovic, H; Pesic, M; Vranic, S; Petronijevic, M; Jevremovic, M; Ilic, I [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1987-07-01

This report includes data concerning the RB reactor operation in 1986, state of the reactor components, data about the employed personnel and the database of experimental and other reactor related devices. It is made of 3 parts: Engineering description and operation of the RB reactor including dosimetry, reactor staff data and financial report; Reactor facility components and maintenance; RB reactor operation and utilization in 1986. Izvestaj pokazuje podatke o radu reaktora RB u toku 1986. godine, stanje reaktorske opreme, podatke o angazovanom osoblju na reaktoru i datoteku sa podacima o eksperimentalnoj i drugoj opremi reaktora RB. Sastoji se od 3 dela: tehnicki opis, pogon i rad reaktora, oprema postrojenja i njeno odrzavanje, koriscenje reaktora u 1986. godini.

Mobility and plant availability of radioactive Cs in natural soil in relation to stable Cs, other alkali elements and soil fertility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varskog, P.; Steinnes, E.; Naeumann, R.

1994-01-01

The mobility and plant availability of radioactive Cs from the Chernobyl accident in natural soil-plant systems of varying fertility were studied at three sampling locations situated in subalpine areas of central Norway. The soil samples included litter, humus (0-2 cm and 2-5 cm depth), and mineral soil (8-12 cm and 20-30 cm depth), and the plant species studied were Betula nana, Empetrum hermaphroditum and Juncus trifidus. The lichen Cetraria nivalis was also sampled. The sampling took place in the middle of the growth season during the period 1987-1989. The soil and vegetation samples were analysed with respect to total radiocaesium ( 137 Cs and 134 Cs), Rb, stable Cs and exchangeable 137 Cs (in soil only), K, Ca and Mg. (Author)

Accumulation of Pb, Hg, Cd, Se, Sc, Cr, Rb, Fe, Zn, Co in the plants and sludges of the Lake Balaton

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teherani, D.K.; Altmann, H.; Wallisch, G.

1981-01-01

Various plants (Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton pectinatus, Myriophyllum spicatum) and mud samples taken from Lake Balaton (Paloznak, Balatonfuezfoe) in June 1978 were analyzed for Se, Cr, Sc, Rb, Fe, Zn, Co by neutron activation analysis and for Cd, Pb, Hg by atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentration values found for Se ranged between 0.25-1.2 ppm (plant) and 0.99-1.47 ppm (mud), for Cr 1.6-6 ppm (plant) and 4.85-40.75 ppm (mud), for Sc 0.4-0.75 ppm (plant) and 3.25-5.87 ppm (mud), for Rb 6.75-16 ppm (plant) and 17-48.75 ppm (mud), for Fe 636.7-4491 ppm (plant) and 11034-12057 ppm (mud), for Zn 20.5-38.5 ppm (plant) and 29.75-41.75 ppm (mud), for Co 0.77-4.75 ppm (plant) and 4.87-5.5 ppm (mud), for Pb 4.5-23.5 ppm (plant) and 18-28 ppm (mud), for Cd <0.03 ppm (plant, mud), for Hg <0.01-0.07 ppm (plant) and 0.04-0.08 ppm (mud). (author)

Synthesis and characterization of new fluoride-containing manganese vanadates A{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2} (A=Rb, Cs) and Mn{sub 2}VO{sub 4}F

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanjeewa, Liurukara D. [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States); McGuire, Michael A. [Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (United States); Smith Pellizzeri, Tiffany M.; McMillen, Colin D. [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States); Ovidiu Garlea, V. [Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 (United States); Willett, Daniel; Chumanov, George [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States); Kolis, Joseph W., E-mail: kjoseph@clemson.edu [Department of Chemistry and Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973 (United States)

2016-09-15

Large single crystals of A{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2} (A=Rb, Cs) and Mn{sub 2}VO{sub 4}F were grown using a high-temperature (~600 °C) hydrothermal technique. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction were utilized to characterize the structures, which both possess MnO{sub 4}F{sub 2} building blocks. The A{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2} series crystallizes as a new structure type in space group Pbcn (No. 60), Z=4 (Rb{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2}: a=7.4389(17) Å, b=11.574(3) Å, c=10.914(2) Å; Cs{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2}: a=7.5615(15) Å, b=11.745(2) Å, c=11.127(2) Å). The structure is composed of zigzag chains of edge-sharing MnO{sub 4}F{sub 2} units running along the a-axis, and interconnected through V{sub 2}O{sub 7} pyrovanadate groups. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements on this interesting one-dimensional structural feature based on Mn{sup 2+} indicated that Cs{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2} is antiferromagnetic with a Neél temperature, T{sub N}=~3 K and a Weiss constant, θ, of −11.7(1) K. Raman and infrared spectra were also analyzed to identify the fundamental V–O vibrational modes in Cs{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2}. Mn{sub 2}(VO{sub 4})F crystalizes in the monoclinic space group of C2/c (no. 15), Z=8 with unit cell parameters of a=13.559(2) Å, b=6.8036(7) Å, c=10.1408(13) Å and β=116.16(3)°. The structure is associated with those of triplite and wagnerite. Dynamic fluorine disorder gives rise to complex alternating chains of five-and six-coordinate Mn{sup 2+}. These interpenetrating chains are additionally connected through isolated VO{sub 4} tetrahedra to form the condensed structure. - Graphical abstract: New vanadate fluorides A{sub 2}Mn{sub 2}V{sub 2}O{sub 7}F{sub 2} (A=Rb, Cs) and Mn{sub 2}(VO{sub 4})F have been synthesized hydrothermally. Upon cooling, the one-dimensional Mn(II) substructure results in antiferromagnetic

Electrical resistance, superconductivity and phase transformations of Rb and Cs under high pressure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ullrich, K.

1980-01-01

Four lead electrical resistance measurements were performed on Rb under pressures up to 210 kbar for temperatures in the range 0.05 K to 300 K. Pressure was applied using a Bridgman-anvil-configuration with dense sintered diamond in the highly stressed tip regions of the Carboloy pistons. The sample cell was pressurized at room temperature by a mechanical press connected to the mixing chamber of a 3 He- 4 He-cryostat. The pressure remained essentially constant during cooling. Discontinuous changes in resistance at pressures of 70 and 140 kbar indicate two phase transitions and confirm the results of other authors. The resistance of Rb increases after a minimum at 20 kbar by about two orders of magnitude. (orig.) [de

Investigation of the magnetic structure of KFeCl3, KFeBr3, Rb2MnCl4, and Rb3Mn2Cl7 compounds with magnetic correlations in one and two dimensions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gurewitz, E.

1976-12-01

The crystallographic structure of KFeCl 3 and KFeBr 3 consists of (FeCl) - octahedra packed in isolated zigzagging chains. These compounds order antiferromagnetically at Tsub(N) approximately 16 deg K and Tsub(N) approximately 9.5 deg K, respectively. Below Tsub(N) the Fe 2+ magnetic moments within a chain are ferromagnetically coupled, parallel to the chain axis, while the chains are coupled antiferromagnetically. In the temperatures Tsub(N) 3 has magnetic correlations within the chains only, whereas the correlations between the chains are negligible. Moessbauer effect measurements at these temperatures show a distinct hyperfine magnetic splitting, characteristic of relaxation phenomena. Cs 2 MnCl 4 , Rb 2 MnCl 4 and Rb 3 Mn 2 Cl 7 belong to the Asub(n+1)Bsub(n)Xsub(3n+1) family of compounds, with the Dsub(4h)sup(17) space group. These compounds order antiferromagnetically at Tsub(N) approximately 55 deg K for Cs 2 MnCl 4 and Rb 2 MnCl 4 , and Tsub(N) approximately 64.5 deg K for Rb 3 Mn 2 Cl 7 . Below Tsub(N) each Mn 2+ moment is along the c-axis and is coupled antiferromagnetically to the moments of its nearest neighbours (nn). These compounds behave like a two-dimensional antiferromagnet at T >= Tsub(N). Neutron scans of the reciprocal space exhibit rods of reflections along c vectorsup(*). The negligible interactions between next nn sets of MnCl 2 layers, a distance c vector apart, yield both in Rb 2 MnCl 4 and in Rb 3 Mn 2 Cl 7 , two distinctive magnetic structures (polytypes) below Tsub(N). (author)

Cs-137 for irradiation of sewage sludge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lessel, T.

1986-01-01

Since 1973, the Geiselbullach sewage treatment works have been continuously operating their first system for gamma irradiation of sewage sludge. Within the framework of a German-American agreement, nine Cs-137 sources with a total activity of 56.000 Ci have been made available to the works free of charge in 1983, in order to test in practice and to demonstrate the applicability of these radiation sources in comparison to the Co-60 sources exclusively used up to then. This first study on the applicability of Cs-137 as a radiation source for sewage sludge treatment revealed no findings or effects speaking against Cs-137 as a radiation source for this purpose. (orig./RB) [de

Synthesis and crystal structure of hydrogen selenates K(HSeO4)(H2SeO4) and Cs(HSeO4)(H2SeO4)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Troyanov, S.I.; Morozov, I.V.; Zakharov, M.A.; Kemnitz, E.

1999-01-01

Hydrogen selenates of the compositions K(HSeO 4 )(H 2 SeO 4 ) and Cs(HSeO 4 )(H 2 SeO 4 ) are synthesized by the reaction of alkali metal carbonates with an excess of the concentrated selenic acid. The X-ray diffraction study showed that both compounds are isostructural to the corresponding hydrogen sulfates. The difference in the systems of hydrogen bonding are caused by various combinations of the acceptor functions of the oxygen atoms in the HSeO 4 and H 2 SeO 4 groups

Novel S = 1/2 Kagome Lattice Materials: Cs2TiCu3F12 and Rb2TiCu3F12

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lewis J. Downie

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Two new members of the A2B′Cu3F12 family of kagome-related materials have been prepared, in order to further understand the crystal-chemical relationships, phase transitions and magnetic behaviour within this family of potentially frustrated S = ½ two-dimensional quantum magnets. Cs2TiCu3F12 adopts a crystal structure with the ideal kagome lattice topology (space group R m at ambient temperature. Diffraction studies reveal different symmetry-lowering structural phase transitions in single crystal and polycrystalline forms at sub-ambient temperatures, with the single crystal form retaining rhombohedral symmetry and the powder form being monoclinic. In both cases, long-range antiferromagnetic order occurs in the region 16–20 K. Rb2TiCu3F12 adopts a distorted triclinic structure even at ambient temperatures.

Anomalous behavior of soft mode attenuation in the incommensurate phase in Cd2Nb2O7, K2SeO4 and Rb2ZnBr4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smolenskij, G.A.; Kolpakova, N.N.; Sher, E.S.; Brzhezina, B.

1986-01-01

Moderation of soft mode attenuation in the incommensurate phase in Cd 2 Nb 2 O 7 , K 2 SeO 4 and Rb 2 ZnBr 4 is observed at temperature drop and anomalous jump-like decrease of integral intensity of the soft mode under transition to the low-temperature commensurate phase. Anomalous behaviour of the soft mode is explained by wave amplitudon contribution (q=0) in Raman spectrum of the first order and composite tone (wave amplitudon (q=0) +- wave phase (q=K i )) in Raman spectrum of the second order. Relative contribution of the phase wave (q=K i ) to soft mode attenuation can be estimated supposing that wave amplitudon attenuation is G A ∼ (T i -T) -1 . ΔG f max makes up approximately 6 cm -1 in Cd 2 Nb 2 O 7 and approximately 3 cm -1 in K 2 SeO 4 and Rb 2 ZnBr 4 at temperatures above T c . In the low-temperature phase the soft mode corresponds to the wave amplitudon (q=0) in the Raman spectrum of the first order at T c - 26 K) in Cd 2 Nb 2 O 7 , T c - 13 K) in K 2 SeO 4 and T c - 163 K) in Rb 2 ZnBr 4

Photoemission and muon spin relaxation spectroscopy of the iron-based Rb0.77Fe1.61Se2 superconductor: Crucial role of the cigar-shaped Fermi surface

Science.gov (United States)

Maletz, J.; Zabolotnyy, V. B.; Evtushinsky, D. V.; Yaresko, A. N.; Kordyuk, A. A.; Shermadini, Z.; Luetkens, H.; Sedlak, K.; Khasanov, R.; Amato, A.; Krzton-Maziopa, A.; Conder, K.; Pomjakushina, E.; Klauss, H.-H.; Rienks, E. D. L.; Büchner, B.; Borisenko, S. V.

2013-10-01

In this study, we investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of Rb0.77Fe1.61Se2 (Tc = 32.6 K) in normal and superconducting states by means of photoemission and μSR spectroscopies as well as band-structure calculations. We demonstrate that the unusual behavior of these materials is the result of separation into metallic (˜12%) and insulating (˜88%) phases. Only the former becomes superconducting and has a usual electronic structure of electron-doped FeSe slabs. Our results thus imply that the antiferromagnetic insulating phase is just a by-product of Rb intercalation and its magnetic properties have no direct relation to the superconductivity. Instead, we find that also in this class of iron-based compounds, the key ingredient for superconductivity is a certain proximity of a Van Hove singularity to the Fermi level.

Infrared absorption spectra of selenate compounds of indium (3)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kharitonov, Yu.Ya.; Kadoshnikova, N.V.; Tananaev, I.V.

1979-01-01

Obtained and discussed are infrared absorption spectra (400-4000 cm -1 ) of the following indium selenates: In 2 (SeO 4 ) 3 x5H 2 O, In 2 (SeO 4 ) 3 x9H 2 O, NaIn(SeO 4 ) 2 x6H 2 O, NaIn(SeO 4 ) 2 xH 2 O, MIn(SeO 4 ) 2 x4H 2 O (M=NH 4 , K, Rb), CsIn(SeO 4 ) 2 x2H 2 O, Na 3 In(SeO 4 ) 3 x7H 2 O, MIn(SeO 4 ) 2 (M=NH 4 , Na, K, Rb, Cs), M 2 InOH(SeO 4 ) 2 xyH 2 O (M=NH 4 , Na, K, Rb) and K 2 InOD(SeO 4 ) 2 xyD 2 O

Cs0.49NbPS6

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hoseop Yun

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The quaternary thiophosphate, Cs0.49NbPS6, caesium hexathioniobiophosphate(V, has been synthesized by the reactive halide flux method. The title compound is isotypic with Rb0.46TaPS6 and is made up of a bicapped trigonal–biprismatic [Nb2S12] unit and a tetrahedral [PS4] group. The [Nb2S12] units linked by the [PS4] tetrahedra form infinite chains, yielding a three-dimensional network with rather large van der Waals gaps along the c axis in which the disordered Cs+ ions reside. The electrons released by the Cs atoms are transferred to the pairwise niobium metal site and there are substantial intermetallic Nb—Nb bonding interactions. This leads to a significant decrease of the intermetallic distance in the title compound compared to that in TaPS6. The classical charge balance of the title compound may be represented as [Cs+]0.49[Nb4.51+][P5+][S2−]4[S22−].

Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structures of Na{sub 2}Be{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}.H{sub 2}O and Cs{sub 2}[Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shen, Chen; Mei, Dajiang; Sun, Chuanling; Liu, Yunsheng; Wu, Yuandong [College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science (China)

2017-09-04

The selenites, Na{sub 2}Be{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}.H{sub 2}O and Cs{sub 2}[Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}, were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. The crystal structures of Na{sub 2}Be{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}.H{sub 2}O and Cs{sub 2}[Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4} were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractions. Na{sub 2}Be{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}.H{sub 2}O crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 (no. 2) with unit cell parameters a = 4.8493(9), b = 12.013(2), c = 12.077(2) Aa, and Z = 2, whereas Cs{sub 2}[Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4} crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m (no. 12) with lattice cell parameters a = 12.596(6), b = 7.297(4), c = 16.914(8) Aa, and Z = 2. Na{sub 2}Be{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4}.H{sub 2}O features a three-dimensional open framework structure formed by BeO{sub 4} tetrahedra and SeO{sub 3} trigonal pyramids. Na cations and H{sub 2}O molecules are located in different tunnels. Cs{sub 2}[Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}]{sub 3}(SeO{sub 3}){sub 4} has a structure composed of isolated [Mg(H{sub 2}O){sub 6}] octahedra and SeO{sub 3} trigonal pyramids interacted by hydrogen bonds, and Cs cations are resided in-between. Both compounds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Isotopic distribution of Rb, In and Cs, produced in interactions of high energy protons, deuterons and alpha particles with Ta nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Avdeev, S.P.; Karnaukhov, V.A.; Korovin, G.Yu.; Kuznetsov, V.D.; Nad', T.; Petrov, L.A.

1982-01-01

The purpose of the paper is to clarify how the isotopical distribution form of deep fissaon products depends on the type of the bombarding particles. Isotopical distributions of Rb, In, Cs, produced at interactions of protons, deuterons ( 8 GeV) and α particles (15.2 GeV) with Ta nuclei are measured by means of the ''off-line'' mass separation. The isotopical distributions are obtained by the experimentally measured yields directly without complex procedure of processing necessary for transition to the charge distribution. It was found that neither the position of the maximum, nor the shape of the curve are changed essentially at variation of the projectile. In all the cases the relative behaviour of the distribution is in a qualitative agreement with the calculations based upon the semiempirical formula by Rudstam. For indium the mesurements are performed also with the proton beam of energy 0.66 GeV. In this case the shape of the isotopic distribution is influenced by the fission process [ru

Environmental effects on energy metabolism and 86Rb elimination rates of fishes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peters, E.L.

1994-01-01

Relationships between energy metabolism and the turnover rates of number of important chemical and radiological elements (particularly the Group IA alkali metals: K, Rb, and Cs) have been observed in fishes. Using response surface statistics and fractional factorial ANOVA, the author examined the relative influences of temperature, salinity, food intake rate, mass, and their first order interactions on routine energy metabolism and 86 Rb elimination rates. Routine metabolic rates were increased primarily by increased temperature and salinity, with a strong body mass effect and a significant effect of food intake. 86 Rb elimination rates were increased primarily by increased temperature and salinity. There were no interactive effects between mass and either temperature or salinity for either routine energy metabolism or 86 Rb elimination rates. There was a significant interaction effect between temperature and salinity on routine energy metabolism rates, but not on 86 Rb elimination. The authors also observed a relationship between routine energy metabolism and 86 Rb elimination rates that may possibly be exploited as a means of estimating energy metabolic rates of fishes in the field. The statistical techniques used in this experiment have broad potential applications in assessing the contributions of combinations of environmental variables on contaminant kinetics, as well as in multiple toxicity testing, in that they greatly simplify experimental designs compared with traditional full-factorial methods

Excitation functions and yields of proton induced reactions at intermediate energies leading to important diagnostics radioisotopes of 52Fe, 77Br, 82Rb, 97Ru, 111In, 123I, 127Xe, 128Cs, 178Ta and 201Tl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rurarz, E.

1994-01-01

This report describes investigations of the excitation functions of the proton induced reactions on 14 targets (Mn, Co, Br, Rb, 99 Tc, 113 Cd, 114 Cd, Cd, I, Cs, Ta, 206,207,208 Pb) leading directly or indirectly to the formation of radionuclides 52 Fe, 77 Br, 82 Rb, 97 Ru, 111 In, 123 I, 127 Xe, 128 Cs, 178 Ta and 201 Tl frequently used in diagnostic procedures of nuclear medicine. The measurements of the excitation functions were made over a wide proton energy range from the reaction threshold up to 100 MeV using the stacked foil (or pellet) technique. Small energy steps were used to allow for accurate determination of the structure of excitation functions. For 97 Ru, 111 In and 127 Xe formation with protons, new reaction channels and targets were used and data concerning this method are published for the first time. The data for 52 Fe, 77 Br, 82 Rb, 123 I, 128 Cs and 201 Tl obtained in the present work for the E p =70-100 MeV region are also published for the first time. The measured excitation functions for the formation of desired (and undesired) radionuclides (altogether 28 excitation functions) are compared with the theoretical ones calculated on the basis of a hybrid model of nuclear reactions in the form of the Overlaid Alice computer code. In order to determine the contribution of the competitive reaction channels to the purity of the produced, desired radionuclide, the excitation functions of the accompanying reactions were also calculated. The 122 calculated excitation functions for the possible contaminant are given in the present work. The comparison of experimental excitation functions with the results of model calculations showed satisfactory agreement, especially if one considers, that no parameter adjustment for individual reaction products was undertaken. From the measured excitation functions the production yields for 28 radionuclides mentioned above have been determined (author). 262 refs, 65 figs, 34 tabs

Rb-Sr Isotopic Systematics of Alkali-Rich Fragments in the Yamato-74442 LL-Chondritic Breccia

Science.gov (United States)

Yokoyama, T.; Misawa, K.; Okano, O.; Shih, C.-Y.; Nyquist, L. E.; Simo, J. I.; Tappa, M. J.; Yoneda, S.

2012-01-01

Alkali-rich igneous fragments were identified in the brecciated LL-chondrites, Kr henberg (LL5)], Bhola (LL3-6) and Yamato (Y)-74442 (LL4), and show characteristic fractionation patterns of alkaline elements. The K-Rb-Cs-rich fragments in Kr henberg, Bhola, and Y-74442 are very similar in mineralogy and petrography (olivine + pyroxene + glass), suggesting that they could have come from related precursor materials. We have undertaken Rb-Sr isotopic studies on alkali-rich fragments in Y-74442 to precisely determine their crystallization ages and the isotopic signatures of their precursor material(s).

Fluorescence of RbH and RbD formed by irradiating the mixed gases Rb + H2 and Rb + D2 with laser light

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, Hajime; Toyosaka, Yukiko; Suzuki, Tomonari

1985-01-01

When a mixture of 85 Rb, 85 Rb 2 , and D 2 was irradiated by laser light at 5145 or 4880 A, small visible particles appeared and the fluorescence spectra were observed. By analyzing these spectra, we determined the rotational constants B v and the centrifugal distortion constants D v and H v for the X 1 Σ + and A 1 Σ + states of 85 RbD. By considering the isotopic dependence of the Dunham coefficients, we determined various molecular constants of 85 RbH whose values were in good agreement with the observed fluorescence spectra of 85 RbH excited by laser lines at 4762, 4765, and 4880 A. The process of RbH formation is discussed. (author)

Cs{sub 4}P{sub 2}Se{sub 10}: A new compound discovered with the application of solid-state and high temperature NMR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gave, Matthew A; Canlas, Christian G [Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Chung, In [Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (United States); Iyer, Ratnasabapathy G [Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Kanatzidis, Mercouri G [Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States); Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (United States)], E-mail: m-kanatzidis@northwestern.edu; Weliky, David P. [Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (United States)], E-mail: weliky@chemistry.msu.edu

2007-10-15

The new compound Cs{sub 4}P{sub 2}Se{sub 10} was serendipitously produced in high purity during a high-temperature synthesis done in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer. {sup 31}P magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR of the products of the synthesis revealed that the dominant phosphorus-containing product had a chemical shift of -52.8 ppm that could not be assigned to any known compound. Deep reddish brown well-formed plate-like crystals were isolated from the NMR reaction ampoule and the structure was solved with X-ray diffraction. Cs{sub 4}P{sub 2}Se{sub 10} has the triclinic space group P-1 with a=7.3587(11) A, b=7.4546(11) A, c=10.1420(15) A, {alpha}=85.938(2){sup o}, {beta}=88.055(2){sup o}, and {gamma}=85.609(2){sup o} and contains the [P{sub 2}Se{sub 10}]{sup 4-} anion. To our knowledge, this is the first compound containing this anion that is composed of two tetrahedral (PSe{sub 4}) units connected by a diselenide linkage. It was also possible to form a glass by quenching the melt in ice water, and Cs{sub 4}P{sub 2}Se{sub 10} was recovered upon annealing. The static {sup 31}P NMR spectrum at 350 deg. C contained a single peak with a -35 ppm chemical shift and a {approx}7 ppm peak width. This study highlights the potential of solid-state and high-temperature NMR for aiding discovery of new compounds and for probing the species that exist at high temperature. - Graphical abstract: The new compound Cs{sub 4}P{sub 2}Se{sub 10} was discovered following a high-temperature in situ synthesis in the NMR spectrometer and the structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It contains the new [P{sub 2}Se{sub 10}]{sup 4-} anion.

Solubilities, densities and refractive indices for the ternary systems ethylene glycol + MCl + H2O (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) at (15 and 35) deg. C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Yanhong; Li Shuni; Zhai Quanguo; Jiang Yucheng; Hu Mancheng

2010-01-01

The solubilities, densities and refractive indices data for the four ternary systems ethylene glycol + MCl + H 2 O (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) at different temperatures were measured, with mass fractions of ethylene glycol in the range of 0 to 1.0. In all cases, the presence of ethylene glycol significantly reduces the solubility of the salts in aqueous solution. The experimental data of density, refractive index and solubility of saturated solutions for these systems were correlated using polynomial equations as a function of the mass fraction of ethylene glycol. On the other hand, the refractive index and density of unsaturated solutions was also determined for the four ternary systems with varied unsaturated salt concentrations. Values for both the properties were correlated with the salt concentrations and proportions of ethylene glycol in the solutions.

Physico-chemical characterisation and sorption measurements of Cs, Sr, Ni, Eu, Th, Sn and Se on Opalinus clay from Mont Terri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lauber, Matthias; Baeyens, Bart; Bradbury, Michael H.

2000-12-01

Opalinus Clay is currently under investigation as a potential host rock for the disposal of high level and long-lived intermediate radioactive waste. A throughout physico-chemical characterisation was carried out on a bore core sample from the underground rock laboratory Mont Terri (Canton Jura). The results of these investigations indicate that the major characteristics (mineralogy, cation exchange capacity, cation occupancies, selectivity coefficients, chloride and sulphate inventories) were very similar to a different core sample, previously used for pore water modelling studies. It was concluded that the pore water compositions derived in the earlier studies were reliable and could be used in this work. The organic matter which dissolved from the Opalinus Clay rock was not humic or fulvic acids and the concentration remaining in the liquid phase in the sorption experiments was < 0.5 ppm C. The organic matter is therefore considered to have little or no influence on the sorption behaviour of the studied radionuclides. Redox potential measurements of the Opalinus Clay/synthetic pore water system inside the glove boxes indicated anoxic conditions. The main focus of the experimental work presented here is on the sorption behaviour of Cs (I), Sr (II), Ni (II), Eu (III), Th (IV), Sn (IV) and Se (IV) on Opalinus Clay equilibrated with synthetic pore waters at pH 6.3 and 8. Sorption isotherms were measured for Cs, Ni, Eu, Th and Se. Single point data were measured for Sr and Sn. For all radionuclides studied the sorption kinetics were measured first. The times required to complete the sorption on the Opalinus Clay varied between one day for Th and one month for Ni and Se. Within the concentration ranges under study the uptake of Cs, Ni, Eu and Se on Opalinus Clay was non-linear, whereas for Th a linear sorption behaviour was observed. For Ni, Eu and Th the sorption increased with increasing pH. For Cs a pH independent sorption behaviour was observed. The concentration

Studies of inelastic cross-section in Rb(7S) + Rb(5S) collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caiyan, L.; Ekers, A.; Latvia Univ., Riga; Klavins, J.; Jansons, M.

1996-01-01

The cross section σ = (8 ± 4) x 10 -15 cm 2 was determined for the Rb(7S) + Rb(5S) → Rb(5D) + Rb(5S) excitation energy transfer process, and the quenching cross section σ q = (2 ± 1) x 10 -14 cm 2 for the Rb(5D) state in collisions with ground state Rb atoms. Applying rubidium quasimolecular asymptotic potential curves at relatively large internuclear distances, a qualitative interpretation of the experimental results is presented. It is shown that the quenching of the Rb(5D) atoms in collisions may be explained by a reversed energy pooling process Rb(5D) + Rb(5S) → Rb(5P) + Rb(5P). (orig.)

Magnetic susceptibility of one-dimensional ferromagnetic CsFeCl3 crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsuboi, T.; Chiba, M.

1989-01-01

The parallel and perpendicular magnetic susceptibilities of one-dimensional ferromagnetic CsFeCl 3 crystals have been calculated from magnetization measured as a function of temperature in the range 0 to 70 K by means of a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The experimental results have been compared with data from the literature for other Cs-and Rb-containing crystals with ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic linear chains. Reliable values of the exchange and anisotropy energies can be estimated from experimental susceptibility data using theoretical g-values and the dynamical correlated-effective field approximation

Identification of the neutron-rich nuclides /sup 147; 148/Ba and half- life determination of the heavy isotopes of Rb, Sr, Y, Cs, Ba and La

CERN Document Server

Amiel, S; Nir-El, Y; Shmid, M

1976-01-01

The neutron nuclides /sup 147; 148/Ba were produced in the thermal neutron induced fission of /sup 235/U. A new surface ionization integrated target ion source operating at temperatures in the region of 1800 degrees C permits the measurement of half-lives of isotopes down to about 0.1 sec due to the very fast release of atoms from the target. Isotopes of Rb, Sr, Cs, and Ba were separated by positive surface ionization and their half-lives measured using beta activity detected by a silicon surface barrier detector with a depletion depth of 300 mu . The isotopes /sup 147/Ba and /sup 148/Ba were identified for the first time and their half-lives were found to be 0.72+or-0.07 sec and 0.47+or-0.20 sec, respectively. (0 refs).

Studies on structure and covalence effects on hyperfine interactions of AFeO sub(2) and BFeS sub(2) compounds by Moessbauer spectroscopy (A= Na, Cu, Ag, B= K, Rb, Cs, Na)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taft, C.A.

1975-01-01

The compounds AFeO sub(2) and BFeS sub(2) (A = Na, Cu, Ag, B = K, Rb, Cs, Na) were investigated by Moessbauer spectroscopy. The spectra were registered at temperature range from 4.2 sup(0) to 300 sup(0)K and magnetic transitions were observed determining correspondent temperatures by variation of hyperfine field. The electric field gradient of these compounds and perovskite type compounds (Pb sub(1-x) - Ba sub(x)) Zr O sub(3) were calculated and experimental part were determined by perturbed angular correlation, taking in account the effects of covalence, crystal lattice parameters and dipolar contributions. (M.C.K.)

Hydrogen storage of type MBH{sub 4}(H{sub 2})n M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; Almacenadores de hidrogeno del tipo MBH{sub 4}(H{sub 2})n M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanchez-Castro, Maria Esther [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila (Mexico)] e-mail: esther.sanchez@cinvestav.edu.mx; Sanchez-Vazquez, Mario [Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S.C., Apodaca, Nuevo Leon (Mexico)

2009-09-15

Interest has recently been increasing in finding new sources of energy other than fossil fuels. Hydrogen has potential with respect to oil, it does not contaminate the environment or produce greenhouse gases. Nevertheless, finding materials capable of storing hydrogen is not trivial, since certain aspects must be addressed, such as reversible hydrogen storage with high gravimetric and volumetric density, manipulated at moderate temperatures and pressures. To contribute to the search for new materials, we are interested in studying the structures of type MBH{sub 4}, which have a boron atom and a M metal. The boron has a lighter mass and is surrounded by four hydrogen atoms. LiBH{sub 4}, for example, is already being used as a source of hydrogen by disassociating the B-H bonds. On the other hand, the M atom is positive and can house molecular hydrogen in its coordination sphere. Our studies, using mp{sup 2}/def2-TZVP computational methods, show that this type of structures (MBH4) can coordinate in the M atom from three (when M = Li) to nine (when M = Cs) hydrogen molecules. [Spanish] Recientemente, el interes por encontrar nuevas fuentes de energia diferentes al combustible fosil ha ido en aumento. El hidrogeno tiene un potencial con respecto al petroleo, no contamina el medio ambiente ni produce gases invernadero. Sin embargo, encontrar materiales capaces de almacenar hidrogeno no es trivial, ya que se deben cuidar aspectos como: almacenar reversiblemente hidrogeno con alta densidad gravimetrica y volumetrica, y manipularlos a temperaturas y presiones moderadas. A fin de contribuir con la busqueda de nuevos materiales, es de nuestro interes estudiar a las estructuras del tipo MBH4. Estas estructuras tienen la caracteristica de tener un atomo de boro y un metal M. El boro es de masa ligera y esta rodeado de cuatro atomos de hidrogeno. El LiBH{sub 4} por ejemplo ya se esta utilizando como fuente de hidrogenos al disociar los enlaces B-H. Por otra parte, el atomo M es

Synthesis, structure, and electrical conductivity of A'[A(sub 2)B(sub 3)O(sub 10)] (A'=Rb, Cs A=Sr, Ba; B=Nb, Ta)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thangadurai, Venkataraman; Schmid-Beurmann, Peter; Weppner, Werner

2001-01-01

New members of Dion-Jacobson (D-J)-type layered perovskites of the general formula A'[A(sub 2)B(sub 3)O(sub 10)] (A'=Rb, Cs; A=Sr, Ba; B=Nb, Ta) were prepared by solid-state reactions between the metal oxides, nitrates, and carbonates under specific conditions. The crystal structures were determined using powder X-ray diffraction data in combination with Rietveld analysis. The c-axis lattice parameter increases as the size of the alkaline earth ion increases. Both Sr and Ba compounds crystallize in a tetragonal cell, while the corresponding Ca compounds crystallize in an orthorhombic cell. The electrical conductivity of the layered perovskites was determined using AC impedance analysis and DC methods. Among the compounds with the same alkali ion and different alkaline earth ions, the Ca compound exhibits a higher electrical conductivity than the corresponding Sr and Ba compounds. DC measurements reveal that the layered perovskites exhibit both ionic and electronic conduction

Fission products behavior in molten fluoride salts: Speciation of La{sup 3+} and Cs{sup +} in melts containing oxide ions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rollet, Anne-Laure [CEMHTI, Conditions Extremes et Materiaux: Haute Temperature et Irradiation, CNRS, Universite d' Orleans, 1D avenue de la recherche scientifique, 45071 Orleans cedex 2 (France); PECSA, Physico-chimie des Electrolytes, Colloiedes et Sciences Analytiques, CNRS-UPMC-ESPCI, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France); Veron, Emmanuel [CEMHTI, Conditions Extremes et Materiaux: Haute Temperature et Irradiation, CNRS, Universite d' Orleans, 1D avenue de la recherche scientifique, 45071 Orleans cedex 2 (France); Bessada, Catherine, E-mail: catherine.bessada@cnrs-orleans.fr [CEMHTI, Conditions Extremes et Materiaux: Haute Temperature et Irradiation, CNRS, Universite d' Orleans, 1D avenue de la recherche scientifique, 45071 Orleans cedex 2 (France)

2012-10-15

Graphical abstract: - Abstract: In this paper we address the effects of fission products on the speciation in molten fluoride salts. Numerous systems with cross-connections have been investigated in order to better identify the influence of CsF in a fluoride melt containing rare earth and oxides : LaF{sub 3}-AF (A = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs), LaF{sub 3}-LiF-CsF, LaF{sub 3}-LiF-CaF{sub 2}, LaF{sub 3}-LiF-CaO, LaF{sub 3}-LiF-CaO-CsF. In this goal, we performed high temperature NMR experiments and followed in situ the evolution of {sup 19}F, {sup 23}Na, {sup 85}Rb, {sup 133}Cs and {sup 139}La NMR chemical shifts. In LaF{sub 3}-AF-CsF and LaF{sub 3}-AF-CaF{sub 2} systems, the coordination number of lanthanum cation ranges from 6 to 8 depending on the LaF{sub 3} concentration and on the polarizability of the other cations. The addition of oxide (CaO) in the latter mixtures leads to the formation of lanthanum oxyfluoride species that precipitate in LaOF when CaO concentration is increased. The addition of CsF to LaF{sub 3}-LiF-CaO yields to a displacement of the dissolved versus precipitated LaOF proportion.

Measurements of inelastic collisions between homonuclear ions: Na+, K+ and Rb+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peart, B.; Forrest, R.A.; Dolder, K.

1981-01-01

Cross sections have been measured for the formation of X 2+ by collisions between X + ions (X = Na, K or Rb) with centre of mass energies between 19.3 and 87.6 keV. The results were compared with similar measurements for Li + and Cs + previously made by Peart and coworkers (J. Phys. B.; 14:1655 and 3457 (1981)), but no simple empirical or theoretical scaling law could be found to relate results for the five single-charged alkali ions. (author)

Comparative study of A-site order in the lead-free bismuth titanates M1/2Bi1/2TiO3 (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ag, Tl) from first-principles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gröting, Melanie; Albe, Karsten

2014-01-01

We investigate the possibility of enhancing chemical order in the relaxor ferroelectric Na 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 upon substitution of Na + by other monovalent cations M + using total energy calculations based on density functional theory. All chemically available monovalent cations M + , which are Li, Na, Ag, K, Tl, Rb and Cs, are considered and an analysis of the structurally relaxed structures in terms of symmetry-adapted distortion modes is given in order to quantify the chemically induced structural distortions. We demonstrate that the replacement of Na + by other monovalent cations can hardly alter the tendency of chemical order with respect to Na 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 . Only Tl 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 and Ag 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 show enhanced tendency for chemical ordering. Both heavy metals behave similar to the light alkali metals in terms of structural relaxations and relative stabilities of the ordered configurations. Although a comparison of the Goldschmidt factors of components (M TiO 3 ) − reveals for Tl a value above the upper stability limit for perovskites, the additional lone-pair effect of Tl + stabilizes the ordered structure. - Graphical abstract: Amplitudes of chemically induced distortion modes in different ordered perovskites M 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 and visualisation of atomic displacements associated with distortion mode X + 1 in the 001-ordered compounds Li 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 and Cs 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 . Due to a substantial size mismatch between bismuth (green) and caesium (dark blue), incorporation of the latter leads to enhanced displacements of oxygen atoms (red) and suppresses displacements of titanium (silver) as compared to lithium (light blue) or other smaller monovalent cations. - Highlights: • Lead-free A-site mixed bismuth titanates M 1/2 Bi 1/2 TiO 3 are studied by first-principles calculations. • Investigation of chemical ordering tendency for M=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ag, and Tl. • Group theoretical analysis of different ordered structures. • Ag and Tl

Studies of scintillation light nonproportionality of ZnSe(Te), CsI(Tl) and YAP(Ce) crystals using heavy ions

CERN Document Server

Klamra, W; Kapusta, M; Kérek, A; Moszynski, M; Norlin, L O; Novák, D; Possnert, G

2002-01-01

The scintillation light yield for ZnSe(Te), CsI(Tl) and YAP(Ce) crystals have been studied with alpha particles, sup 1 sup 2 C and sup 8 sup 1 Br in the energy region 2.8-42.2 MeV. A nonproportional behavior was observed, mostly pronounced for alpha particles on YAP(Ce). The results are understood in terms of delta-rays effect.

Chemical trends of the band gaps of idealized crystal of semiconducting silicon clathrates, M8Si38A8 (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs; A = Ga, Al, In), predicted by first-principle pseudopotential calculations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Imai, Yoji; Imai, Motoharu

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → This paper reports the results of electronic structural calculations of Si clathrate, M 8 Si 38 Ga 8 (M: the encapsulated guest alkali atom; Na, K, Rb, and Cs). → All of them are found to be indirect semiconductors with the calculated gaps (E g ) from 0.45 to 0.89 eV, which should be compared to the calculated gap of 0.65 eV of crystalline Si with the diamond structure. The gaps become wider with the promotion to the heavier guest alkali atoms and the reasons of gap widening are discussed using the calculated dependence of E g on the cell-volume of guest-free silicon clathrate (Si 46 ). Effect of the substitutional elements in the clathrate framework (Al and In in place of Ga) was also discussed. - Abstract: We have calculated the band structures of Si clathrate, M 8 Si 38 Ga 8 (M = Na, K, Rb, and Cs), using the density-functional theory under the generalized gradient corrected local density approximation, where M is the encapsulated guest alkali atom. They are found to be indirect semiconductors with the calculated gaps (E g ) from 0.45 to 0.89 eV, which should be compared to the calculated gap of 0.65 eV of crystalline Si with the diamond structure. The gaps become wider with the promotion to the heavier guest alkali atoms and the reasons of gap widening are discussed using the calculated dependence of E g on the cell-volume of guest-free silicon clathrate (Si 46 ). Effect of the substitutional elements in the clathrate framework (Al and In in place of Ga) was also discussed.

Hydrates of the alkali trioxidomonosulfidomolybdates and -tungstates. K{sub 2}[(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S] . 1.5 H{sub 2}O and (Rb/Cs){sub 2}[(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S] . H{sub 2}O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lehner, Anna J.; Braitsch, Milan; Roehr, Caroline [Freiburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

2012-11-01

The trioxidomonosulfidomolybdate and -tungstate anions [(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S]{sup 2-} are the first products formed when passing H{sub 2}S gas through a solution of the oxidometalates. Their potassium, rubidium and cesium salt hydrates form as crystalline precipitates from these solutions depending on pH, the polarity of the solvent, educt concentrations and temperature. The structures of the sesqui- (K) and mono- (Rb, Cs) hydrates have been determined by means of X-ray single crystal diffraction data. The potassium sesquihydrates K{sub 2}[(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S] . 1.5 H{sub 2}O are isotypic and crystallize with a new structure type (monoclinic, space group C2/c, M = Mo/W: a = 987.0(2)/993.13(11), b = 831.75(14)/831.10(11), c = 1868.9(4)/1865.2(2) pm, {beta} = 99.34(2)/99.153(8) , R1 = 0.0352/0.0390). In the crystal structure the [(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S]{sup 2-} anions are connected via hydrogen bonds to form columns along the c direction. Channels containing only water molecules run along the [101] direction. The dehydration process proceeds in a topotactic reaction between 60 to 95 C and yields crystals of the anhydrous salts K{sub 2}[(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S]. The two different K+ cations exhibit a 5 + 3 and 5 + 2 O/S coordination. The heavier alkali metal cations form the four monohydrates (Rb/Cs){sub 2}[(Mo/W)O{sub 3}S] . H{sub 2}O (trigonal rhombohedral, space group R anti 3m) with lattice parameters for the Rb/Cs molybdates of a = 621.17(6)/624.62(10), c = 3377.9(4)/3388.6(8) pm (R1 = 0.0505/0.0734) and the tungstates of a = 642.80(3)/643.3(4), c = 3532.8(3)/3566(4) pm (R1 = 0.0348/0.0660). In the structures the 3m symmetrical tetrahedra are arranged to form double layers in such a way, that the O{sub 3} bases of the tetrahedra are pointing towards each other in a staggered conformation. These double layers are stacked in the c direction in a rhombohedral sequence. In these hydrates, there are no distinct hydrogen bonds. Instead, partially disordered pairs of H{sub 2}O molecules are

RB1CC1 activates RB1 pathway and inhibits proliferation and cologenic survival in human cancer.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tokuhiro Chano

2010-06-01

Full Text Available RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1, also known as FIP200 plays a role in the enhancement of the RB1 pathway through the direct binding to a GC-rich region 201bp upstream (from the initiation ATG of the RB1 promoter. Here, we identified hSNF5 and p53 as the binding partners of RB1CC1 by immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. Interaction between these molecules and the RB1 pathway was analyzed by the assays of chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase-reporter, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot. The tumor growth suppression by RB1CC1 was evaluated by flow cytometry or by a cell growth assay. The nuclear RB1CC1 complex involving hSNF5 and/or p53 activated transcription of RB1, p16 and p21, and suppressed tumor cell growth. Furthermore, nuclear RB1CC1 expression significantly correlated with those of RB1 and p16 in breast cancer tissue in vivo, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was dependent on p53 as well as RB1CC1. The present study indicates that RB1CC1 together with hSNF5 and/or p53 enhances the RB1 pathway through transcriptional activation of RB1, p16 and p21. Evaluation of RB1CC1 expression combined with RB1 and p53 status is expected to provide useful information in clinical practice and future therapeutic strategies in breast cancer.

Excitation functions and yields of proton induced reactions at intermediate energies leading to important diagnostics radioisotopes of {sup 52}Fe, {sup 77}Br, {sup 82}Rb, {sup 97}Ru, {sup 111}In, {sup 123}I, {sup 127}Xe, {sup 128}Cs, {sup 178}Ta and {sup 201}Tl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rurarz, E. [Soltan Inst. for Nuclear Studies, Otwock-Swierk (Poland)

1994-12-31

This report describes investigations of the excitation functions of the proton induced reactions on 14 targets (Mn, Co, Br, Rb, {sup 99}Tc, {sup 113}Cd, {sup 114}Cd, Cd, I, Cs, Ta, {sup 206,207,208}Pb) leading directly or indirectly to the formation of radionuclides {sup 52}Fe, {sup 77}Br, {sup 82}Rb, {sup 97}Ru, {sup 111}In, {sup 123}I, {sup 127}Xe, {sup 128}Cs, {sup 178}Ta and {sup 201}Tl frequently used in diagnostic procedures of nuclear medicine. The measurements of the excitation functions were made over a wide proton energy range from the reaction threshold up to 100 MeV using the stacked foil (or pellet) technique. Small energy steps were used to allow for accurate determination of the structure of excitation functions. For {sup 97}Ru, {sup 111}In and {sup 127}Xe formation with protons, new reaction channels and targets were used and data concerning this method are published for the first time. The data for {sup 52}Fe, {sup 77}Br, {sup 82}Rb, {sup 123}I, {sup 128}Cs and {sup 201}Tl obtained in the present work for the E{sub p}=70-100 MeV region are also published for the first time. The measured excitation functions for the formation of desired (and undesired) radionuclides (altogether 28 excitation functions) are compared with the theoretical ones calculated on the basis of a hybrid model of nuclear reactions in the form of the Overlaid Alice computer code. In order to determine the contribution of the competitive reaction channels to the purity of the produced, desired radionuclide, the excitation functions of the accompanying reactions were also calculated. The 122 calculated excitation functions for the possible contaminant are given. The comparison of experimental excitation functions with the results of model calculations showed satisfactory agreement; no parameter adjustment for individual reaction products was undertaken. Production yields for 28 radionuclides mentioned above were determined (author). 262 refs, 65 figs, 34 tabs.

Los cócs: una seña de identidad de la Terra Alta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Del Loreto Meix

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata sobre la repostería tradicional de la comarca de la Terra Alta (Cataluña vinculada a las fiestas, especialmente sobre las pastas que se suelen hacer en dicha comarca. En esta zona las pastas se llaman cócs, una palabra que está presente tanto en la Terra Alta como en las comarcas vecinas de la Ribera d'Ebre o el Priorat. Junto con las pastas se sirve el vino rancio, la mistela o el vino dulce, que también son productos de estas tierras. Actualmente, panaderías y pastelerías de los pueblos de la comarca elaboran estos productos tradicionales artesanos, que en otras épocas sólo se hacían en casa.El artículo, que nace del trabajo de final de carrera realizado por la autora para la licenciatura de Humanidades de la UOC, aporta una visión privilegiada de la riqueza de la Terra Alta con respecto a su historia gastronómica, sus costumbres y la manera de tratar sus dulces. La autora, que ya había trabajado anteriormente en estos aspectos, sitúa las especificidades de la repostería tradicional terraltina en el contexto de las culturas mediterráneas con raíces comunes que se remontan al mundo antiguo y medieval y que todavía mantienen un "aire de familia" bien identificable; a la vez, recorre por la zona, con interés etnográfico, lo que denomina "el mundo del trigo" (la amasadura del pan, el oficio de panadero, los hornos y otras herramientas, las tradiciones asociadas.... En definitiva, rescata un aspecto vivo de la cotidianidad local y lo sitúa a la luz de la historia de la alimentación, mientras aporta información que puede ser de interés desde otros ángulos de estudio.

RB975242 and RB975201 - Late maturation sugarcane varieties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Monalisa Sampaio Carneiro

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The sugarcane varieties RB975201 and RB975242 were developed and released for harvest at the end of the season (late maturation in the CentralSouth region of Brazil. In specific environments, these varieties were compared with commercial standards in sugar yield per area. They are resistant to major sugarcane diseases and present the Bru1 gene of resistance to brown rust.

Rapid release of 42K or 86Rb from two distinct transport sites on the Na,K-pump in the presence of Pi or vanadate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forbush, B. III

1987-01-01

The rate of 86Rb or 42 K release from an occluded form of the phosphorylated Na+ pump has been studied using a rapid filtration apparatus described previously. The rate constant of release is 5-15 s-1, and 42 K and 86Rb dissociate at approximately the same rate. Mg2+ is required for deocclusion in the presence of Pi at a site which has the same affinity as the site involved in stabilization of E2(K) with ATP; we propose that Na,K-ATPase has only one site for Mg2+, that the affinity of this site for Mg2+ is increased by Pi binding and decreased by ATP binding, and that Mg2+ is bound and released in the normal transport cycle. In the presence of K+, Cs+, Rb+, or Tl+, the release of two distinct 86Rb ions can be observed, the slow release from one site (''s'' site) being blocked by occupancy of the site vacated by the other (''f'', fast site). By a sequence of incubations, labeled 86Rb can be placed at either site, and the rate of dissociation monitored individually; in the absence of K+, dissociation from the s site proceeds after a lag in which the f site is vacated. The results are consistent with a ''flickering-gate'' model of deocclusion to the extracellular pump face, in which the site is exposed to the medium only long enough for a single ion to be released. When deocclusion to the intracellular face is promoted with ATP, ions are released from both sites at the same rate, presumably because the E2----E1 conformational change is rate-limiting. Unlabeled ions co-occluded with 86Rb increase the ATP-stimulated rate of release in the order Rb+ less than Tl+ less than Cs+ less than K+; since the same rank order is observed when dissociation from the s site is monitored in the presence of these ions and MgPi we propose that the latter process proceeds toward the intracellular pump face

Emergence of a few distinct structures from a single formal structure type during high-throughput screening for stable compounds: The case of RbCuS and RbCuSe

Science.gov (United States)

Trimarchi, Giancarlo; Zhang, Xiuwen; DeVries Vermeer, Michael J.; Cantwell, Jacqueline; Poeppelmeier, Kenneth R.; Zunger, Alex

2015-10-01

Theoretical sorting of stable and synthesizable "missing compounds" from those that are unstable is a crucial step in the discovery of previously unknown functional materials. This active research area often involves high-throughput (HT) examination of the total energy of a given compound in a list of candidate formal structure types (FSTs), searching for those with the lowest energy within that list. While it is well appreciated that local relaxation methods based on a fixed list of structure types can lead to inaccurate geometries, this approach is widely used in HT studies because it produces answers faster than global optimization methods (that vary lattice vectors and atomic positions without local restrictions). We find, however, a different failure mode of the HT protocol: specific crystallographic classes of formal structure types each correspond to a series of chemically distinct "daughter structure types" (DSTs) that have the same space group but possess totally different local bonding configurations, including coordination types. Failure to include such DSTs in the fixed list of examined candidate structures used in contemporary high-throughput approaches can lead to qualitative misidentification of the stable bonding pattern, not just quantitative inaccuracies. In this work, we (i) clarify the understanding of the general DST-FST relationship, thus improving current discovery HT approaches, (ii) illustrate this failure mode for RbCuS and RbCuSe (the latter being a yet unreported compound and is predicted here) by developing a synthesis method and accelerated crystal-structure determination, and (iii) apply the genetic-algorithm-based global space-group optimization (GSGO) approach which is not vulnerable to the failure mode of HT searches of fixed lists, demonstrating a correct identification of the stable DST. The broad impact of items (i)-(iii) lies in the demonstrated predictive ability of a more comprehensive search strategy than what is currently

Crystal-structural study of zirconium chelates with alkali metals of composition A2[Zr(Nta)2]·xH2O (A=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs or CH3H6)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sadikov, G.G.; Antsyshkina, A.S.; Sergienko, V.S.

1997-01-01

Some zirconium complexes with nitrile triacetate and with alkali metal in the external sphere were studied crystalostructurally. Packing of complexes and extra-sphere cations was studied. Plane or slightly corrugated anion layers of two essentially different types arranged according to the principle of trigonal and square grids represent the standard element of crystal structure. Water molecules are located both in anion and cation layers. CN and coordination polyhedron of cations are different even in case of stereotype nature of reasons of their location in the interlayer space. In Cs-, Rb- and K- compounds polyhedrons of alkali metal form specific doubled chains. These compounds are not isomorphous ones and are characterized by a specific way of water molecule location. Structure of sodium compound differs fundamentally from other ones. Ionic conductivity may be expected in crystals. 4 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs

Final report on the IAEA research contracts No. 1194/RB, 1194/R1/RB and 1194/R2/RB

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zobor, E.; Janosy, J.S.; Szentgali, A.

1980-09-01

The final report summarizes the research activities made in the framework of the IAEA Research Contracts No. 1194/RB, 1194/R1/RB and 1194/R2/RB. A multilevel hierarchical control system is treated which uses weakly-coupled low dimensional subsystems under the supervision of a dynamic coordinator program. This self-organizing adaptive control system was checked by a 5 MW research reactor. As an example the paper describes the experimental computer control system of the 5 MW WWR-SM research reactor, where the reactor power and outlet temperature have been controlled on the basis of the treated control concept since 1978. (author)

CsSc{sub 3}F{sub 6}[SeO{sub 3}]{sub 2}. A new rare-earth metal(III) fluoride oxoselenate(IV) with sections of the ReO{sub 3}-type structure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Greiner, Stefan; Schleid, Thomas [Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie, Universitaet Stuttgart (Germany)

2017-09-04

A new representative of rare-earth metal(III) fluoride oxoselenates(IV) derivatized with alkali metals could be synthesized via solid-state reactions. Colorless single crystals of CsSc{sub 3}F{sub 6}[SeO{sub 3}]{sub 2} were obtained through the reaction of Sc{sub 2}O{sub 3}, ScF{sub 3}, and SeO{sub 2} (molar ratio 1:1:3) with CsBr as reactant and fluxing agent. For this purpose, corundum crucibles embedded as liners into evacuated silica ampoules were applied as containers for these reactions at 700 C for seven days. The new quintenary compound crystallizes in the trigonal space group P3m1 with a = 565.34(4) and c = 1069.87(8) pm (c/a = 1.892) for Z = 1. The crystal structure of CsSc{sub 3}F{sub 6}[SeO{sub 3}]{sub 2} contains two crystallographically different Sc{sup 3+} cations. Each (Sc1){sup 3+} is surrounded by six fluoride anions as octahedron, while the octahedra about (Sc2){sup 3+} are formed by three fluoride anions and three oxygen atoms from three terminal [SeO{sub 3}]{sup 2-} anions. The [(Sc1)F{sub 6}]{sup 3-} octahedra link via common F{sup -} vertices to six fac-[(Sc2)F{sub 3}O{sub 3}]{sup 6-} octahedra forming {sup 2}{sub ∞}{[Sc_3F_6O_6]"9"-} layers parallel to (001). These layers are separated by oxygen-coordinated Cs{sup +} cations (C.N. = 12), arranging for the charge compensation, while Se{sup 4+} cations within the layers surrounded by three oxygen atoms as ψ{sup 1}-tetrahedral [SeO{sub 3}]{sup 2-} units complete the structure. EDX measurements confirmed the composition of the title compound and single-crystal Raman studies showed the typical vibrational modes of isolated [SeO{sub 3}]{sup 2-} anions with ideal C{sub 3v} symmetry. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Characterization of recombinant B. abortus strain RB51SOD towards understanding the uncorrelated innate and adaptive immune responses induced by RB51SOD compared to its parent vaccine strain RB51

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jianguo eZhu

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Brucella abortus is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular pathogen for several mammals, including humans. Live attenuated B. abortus strain RB51 is currently the official vaccine used against bovine brucellosis in the United States and several other countries. Overexpression of protective B. abortus antigen Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD in a recombinant strain of RB51 (strain RB51SOD significantly increases its vaccine efficacy against virulent B. abortus challenge in a mouse model. An attempt has been made to better understand the mechanism of the enhanced protective immunity of RB51SOD compared to its parent strain RB51. We previously reported that RB51SOD stimulated enhanced Th1 immune response. In this study, we further found that T effector cells derived from RB51SOD-immunized mice exhibited significantly higher cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL activity than T effector cells derived from RB51-immunized mice against virulent B. abortus-infected target cells. Meanwhile, the macrophage responses to these two strains were also studied. Compared to RB51, RB51SOD cells had a lower survival rate in macrophages and induced lower levels of macrophage apoptosis and necrosis. The decreased survival of RB51SOD cells correlates with the higher sensitivity of RB51SOD, compared to RB51, to the bactericidal action of either Polymyxin B or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS. Furthermore, a physical damage to the outer membrane of RB51SOD was observed by electron microscopy. Possibly due to the physical damage, overexpressed Cu/Zn SOD in RB51SOD was found to be released into the bacterial cell culture medium. Therefore, the stronger adaptive immunity induced by RB51SOD did not correlate with the low level of innate immunity induced by RB51SOD compared to RB51. This unique and apparently contradictory profile is likely associated with the differences in outer membrane integrity and Cu/Zn SOD release.

Structural disorder in Li{sub x}(C{sub 5}H{sub 5}N){sub y}Fe{sub 2−z}Se{sub 2} and Cs{sub x}Fe{sub 2−z}Se{sub 2} superconductors studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Komędera, K.; Jasek, A.K.; Błachowski, A. [Mössbauer Spectroscopy Laboratory, Pedagogical University, ul. Podchorążych 2, PL-30-084 Kraków (Poland); Ruebenbauer, K., E-mail: sfrueben@cyf-kr.edu.pl [Mössbauer Spectroscopy Laboratory, Pedagogical University, ul. Podchorążych 2, PL-30-084 Kraków (Poland); Żukrowski, J. [AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Center for Materials and Nanotechnology, Av. A. Mickiewicza 30, PL-30-059 Kraków (Poland); Krztoń-Maziopa, A. [Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, ul. Noakowskiego 3, PL-00-664 Warsaw (Poland); Conder, K. [Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI (Switzerland)

2016-05-15

Two iron-chalcogenide superconductors Li{sub x}(C{sub 5}H{sub 5}N){sub y}Fe{sub 2−z}Se{sub 2} and Cs{sub x}Fe{sub 2–z}Se{sub 2} in the as-prepared and annealed state have been investigated by means of the Mössbauer spectroscopy versus temperature. Multi-component spectra are obtained. One can see a non-magnetic component due to iron located in the unperturbed Fe–Se sheets responsible for superconductivity. Remaining components are magnetically ordered even at room temperature. There is some magnetically ordered iron in Fe–Se sheets perturbed by presence of the iron vacancies. Additionally, one can see iron dispersed between sheets in the form of magnetically ordered high spin trivalent ions, some clusters of above ions, and in the case of pyridine intercalated compound in the form of α-Fe precipitates. Pyridine intercalated sample shows traces of superconductivity in the as-prepared state, while cesium intercalated sample in the as-prepared state does not show any superconductivity. Superconductors with transition temperatures being 40 K and 25 K, respectively, are obtained upon annealing. Annealing leads to removal/ordering of the iron vacancies within Fe–Se sheets, while clusters of α-Fe grow in the pyridine intercalated sample. - Highlights: • Secondary phases dispersed in single crystal of Cs{sub x}Fe{sub 2−z}Se{sub 2}. • α-Fe precipitates between Fe–Se layers in Li{sub x}(C{sub 5}H{sub 5}N){sub y}Fe{sub 2−z}Se{sub 2}. • Superconductivity is obtained by removing of the iron vacancies within Fe–Se sheets.

First-principles calculations of two cubic fluoropervskite compounds: RbFeF3 and RbNiF3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mubarak, A.A.; Al-Omari, Saleh

2015-01-01

We present first-principles calculations of the structural, elastic, electronic, magnetic and optical properties for RbFeF 3 and RbNiF 3 . The full-potential linear augmented plan wave (FP-LAPW) method within the density functional theory was utilized to perform the present calculations. We employed the generalized gradient approximation as exchange-correlation potential. It was found that the calculated analytical lattice parameters agree with previous studies. The analysis of elastic constants showed that the present compounds are elastically stable and anisotropic. Moreover, both compounds are classified as a ductile compound. The calculations of the band structure and density functional theory revealed that the RbFeF 3 compound has a half-metallic behavior while the RbNiF 3 compound has a semiconductor behavior with indirect (M–Γ) band gap. The ferromagnetic behavior was studied for both compounds. The optical properties were calculated for the radiation of up to 40 eV. A beneficial optics technology is predicted as revealed from the optical spectra. - Highlights: • RbFeF 3 and RbNiCl 3 compounds are elastically stable. • RbFeF 3 and RbNiCl 3 compounds are classified as a ductile compound. • The RbFeF 3 compound has a half-metallic behavior while the RbNiF 3 compound has a semiconductor behavior. • The optical properties were calculated for the radiation of up to 40 eV

Synthesis and Characterization of the Rubidium Thiophosphate Rb 6 (PS 5 )(P 2 S 10 ) and the Rubidium Silver Thiophosphates Rb 2 AgPS 4 , RbAg 5 (PS 4 ) 2 and Rb 3 Ag 9 (PS 4 ) 4

KAUST Repository

Alahmary, Fatimah S.; Davaasuren, Bambar; Khanderi, Jayaprakash; Rothenberger, Alexander

2016-01-01

The metal thiophosphates Rb2AgPS4 (2), RbAg5(PS4)2 (3), and Rb3Ag9(PS4)4 (4) were synthesized by stoichiometric reactions, whereas Rb6(PS5)(P2S10) (1) was prepared with excess amount of sulfur. The compounds crystallize as follows: 1 monoclinic, P21

Determination of Cl, K, Rb, Zn, Se and Hg in paprika by neutron activation analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Karimian-Teherani, D; Tehrani, N [Oesterreichische Studiengesellschaft fuer Atomenergie G.m.b.H., Seibersdorf. Forschungszentrum; Kiss, I [Kozponti Elelmiszeripari Kutato Intezet, Budapest (Hungary)

1979-10-30

Various samples of Hungarian spice paprika (powdered) were analysed for their Cl, K, Rb and Zn content. Samples of paprika both with and without seeds were studied. The values are reported in ppm (dry weight). Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the trace element contents of most cultivars. In the majority of the cases the increase in the seed content of the samples tended to reduce their trace element content except for Zn.

Determination of metallosis after AO plate osteosynthesis by means of instrumental neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blettenberg, G.

1975-01-01

The instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine metallosis after osteosynthesis in 11 samples of contact tissues and 6 samples of fascial tissues by means of AO-plates made of stainless steel. The concentrations of the elements specific for stainless steels such as Fe, Cr, Ni as well as the content of the elements unspecific for steel such as Zn, Co, Rb, Se, Cs, Sb, Sc, and Ag were determined. 7 samples of the contact tissue showed strong metallosis changes and 3 samples showed light metallosis changes which manifested themselves by increased Cr or Ni-concentrations and in 5 cases by increased Fe-content. 1 contact tissue sample did not show any metallosis changes. The 11 samples of contact tissue showed mainly decreased concentrations of Zn, Rb, Se, Cs. In the contact tissue samples which were strongly metallotic Co was to be found in an increased amount. The elements Sb, Sc, and Ag existed in the contact tissue samples in normal concentration. In the fascial samples examined increased Cr and Ni-concentrations indicated metallosis changes. The Fe-concentrations in the fascial changes were within the norm. The content of Zn, Rb, Cs, and Se in the fascial samples were decreased, while the concentrations of Sb, Co, Sc, and Ag were within the normal range. (orig./MG) [de

Studies on the decoupled rotation bands in the nuclei 79Rb, 81Rb, and 79Kr

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Panqueva Alvarez, J.H.

1982-01-01

High spin states in 79 Rb, 81 Rb, and 79 Kr were studied by means of the following reactions: 63 Cu( 19 F,p2n) 79 Rb, 70 Ge( 12 C,p2n) 79 Rb, 65 Cu( 16 O,2n) 79 Rb, 65 Cu( 19 F,p2n) 81 Rb, 63 Cu( 19 F,2pn) 79 Kr, and 70 Ge( 12 C,2pn) 79 Kr. On the base of γ single spectra, excitation functions, γ angular distributions, γγ and nγ coincidences, RDDS- and DSA lifetime measurements a level scheme of 79 Rb with 13 new found excited states is proposed. Also a series of stretched E2-transitions between posivite parity states in 79 Kr could be identified. The observed M1 and E2 transition probabilities, which were obtained via the experimental determination of the lifetime as well the branching ratio of 26 excited states, form the base for a comprehensive discussion of the nuclear structure of the studied isotopes. For this reason theoretical calculations with the asymmetric rotor-plus-quasiparticle with variable moment of inertia (AROVMI) as well with the interacting boson-fermion (IBVM) model were performed. The good agreement between experiment and theory permits to relate the decrease of the B(E2)-values in 79 Rb to a finite dimensional (N=8) boson space, to cancel the discrepancies stated by Friederichs et.al., and to analyze 79 Kr the influence of a gsub(9/2) neutron on the deformation of the 78 Kr core. (orig./HSI) [de

Diffusion of Cs, Ni, Pb, Se through MX80 bentonite and Bure argilite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kedziorek, M.A.M.; Bourg, A.C.M.

2010-01-01

Document available in extended abstract form only. In order to isolate nuclear waste in repositories from the biosphere two characteristics are required from the confining environment: adsorption as high as possible and permeability as low as possible. In France, bentonite (MX80) and argillite from the Bure underground laboratories are the candidates for the near- and far-field barriers, respectively. To investigate interactive diffusive transport, we performed a series of diffusion experiments in experimental cells. 'Through' diffusion and 'in' diffusion protocols were followed and performed for a cocktail of Cs, Ni, Pb and Se, this under a variety of conditions susceptible of affecting adsorption and diffusive transport, i.e. solid density, water pH and ionic strength. For the argillite experiments the solution pH and solid density are controlled by the solid. The MX80 bentonite was pretreated according to the proposed experimental solution pH and ionic strength. The reservoirs (downstream for the 'through' diffusion experiments and upstream for the 'in' diffusion experiments were sampled at regular intervals and analyzed for the elements of interests. At the end of the experiments the solids were sliced and the elemental content analyzed. A series of results will be presented and preliminary interpretation proposed

Calibration of RB reactor power; Kalibrisanje snage reaktora RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sotic, O; Markovic, H; Ninkovic, M; Strugar, P; Dimitrijevic, Z; Takac, S; Stefanovic, D; Kocic, A; Vranic, S [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1976-09-15

The first and only calibration of RB reactor power was done in 1962, and the obtained calibration ratio was used irrespective of the lattice pitch and core configuration. Since the RB reactor is being prepared for operation at higher power levels it was indispensable to reexamine the calibration ratio, estimate its dependence on the lattice pitch, critical level of heavy water and thickness of the side reflector. It was necessary to verify the reliability of control and dosimetry instruments, and establish neutron and gamma dose dependence on reactor power. Two series of experiments were done in June 1976. First series was devoted to tests of control and dosimetry instrumentation and measurements of radiation in the RB reactor building dependent on reactor power. Second series covered measurement of thermal and epithermal neuron fluxes in the reactor core and calculation of reactor power. Four different reactor cores were chosen for these experiments. Reactor pitches were 8, 8{radical}2, and 16 cm with 40, 52 and 82 fuel channels containing 2% enriched fuel. Obtained results and analysis of these results are presented in this document with conclusions related to reactor safe operation.

Analysis list: RB1 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available RB1 Prostate,Uterus + hg19 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/R...B1.1.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/target/RB1.5.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/...kyushu-u/hg19/target/RB1.10.tsv http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/RB1.Prostate.tsv,http://dbarchive.bioscience...dbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/RB1.Uterus.tsv http://dbarchive.bioscience...dbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/Prostate.gml,http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/colo/Uterus.gml ...

Availability of essential trace elements in medicinal herbs used for diabetes mellitus and their possible correlations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choudhury, R.P.; Garg, A.N.; Acharya, R.; Nair, A.G.C.; Reddy, A.V.R.

2008-01-01

Four plant parts (leaves, roots, fruits and seeds) of twenty samples of sixteen antidiabetic herbs including three commercially marketed capsules have been analyzed for 6 minor (Na, K, Ca, Cl, Mg, and P) and 21 trace (As, Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Eu, Fe, Hg, La, Mn, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Th, V and Zn) elements by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Further, Ni, Cd and Pb contents were determined by AAS. Elemental data were validated by simultaneously analyzing reference material (RM), MPH-2 Mixed Polish Herbs. Several elements such as Cr and V (1-2 μg/g), Rb (10-40 μg/g), Cs (80-300 ng/g), Se (∼100 ng/g) and Zn (25-60 μg/g) play an important role in diabetes mellitus. Interelemental linear correlations have been observed for Cu vs. Zn (r = 0.89) and Rb vs. Cs (r 0.87). K/P ratio varies in a narrow range with a mean value of 6.2±1.4. Toxic elements As and Hg were found in <1 μg/g whereas Cd and Pb were in ∼5 μg/g and <10 μg/g, respectively. (author)

Determination of trace elements in human blood serum and in the standard reference material ''Bovine Liver'' by instrumental neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Behne, D.; Juergensen, H.

1978-01-01

Ag, Br, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Na, Rb, Sb, Se and Zn were determined in biological materials by gamma-spectrometry of long-lived radionuclides after long-time irradiation with thermal neutrons. Blood was taken from a vein in the arm of the test person via an indwelling plastic cannula. The serum was separated from other blood components by centrifugation and stored at a temperature of -20 deg C. Ampoules of high purity silica quartz were chosen as irradiation containers. The vials were cleaned by etching with 40% hydrofluoric acid. For the analysis 300 μl of serum were taken. The ampoules were irradiated for 10 days at a thermal neutron flux density of 5.10 13 n.cm -2 .sec -1 . They were then cleaned by etching for 5 min with hydrofluoric acid. The gamma-ray spectra of the irradiated samples were measured twice. From the first spectra, which were obtained 10 days after irradiation, the concentrations of Br and Na were calculated. From the gamma-peaks after a decay time of 3 months Ag, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn were determined. The accuracy and precision of the procedure were tested, using the standard reference material ''Bovine Liver'' and identical serum samples. In the case of blood serum the method proved to be suitable for the determination of Br, Cs, Fe, Na, Rb, Se and Zn. By analysing samples from several subjects information about element levels in human serum was obtained. (T.G.)

Regulations and instructions for RB reactor operation; Propisi i uputstva za rad reaktora RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1977-07-01

This document includes regulations for reactor RB operation, behaviour and presence of staff in the reactor building; regulations for performing experiments at the RB reactor, regulations and int ructions for the reactor operators and other staff on duty. A chapter is devoted to instruction for reactor operation with the operating documentation and special duties of the operators. Regulations and instruction concerned with accidents are described with classification of accidents and evacuation plan. Annexes to this document include: the present status of the reactor; program for training the reactor operators; forms which are obligatory to be signed for any operating activity, and the certificate of the RB reactor lattice.

Temporal resolution limit estimation of x-ray streak cameras using a CsI photocathode

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Xiang; Gu, Li; Zong, Fangke; Zhang, Jingjin; Yang, Qinlao, E-mail: qlyang@szu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060 (China)

2015-08-28

A Monte Carlo model is developed and implemented to calculate the characteristics of x-ray induced secondary electron (SE) emission from a CsI photocathode used in an x-ray streak camera. Time distributions of emitted SEs are investigated with an incident x-ray energy range from 1 to 30 keV and a CsI thickness range from 100 to 1000 nm. Simulation results indicate that SE time distribution curves have little dependence on the incident x-ray energy and CsI thickness. The calculated time dispersion within the CsI photocathode is about 70 fs, which should be the temporal resolution limit of x-ray streak cameras that use CsI as the photocathode material.

Theoretical study of the Cs isotope exchange reaction of CsI + Cs' → Cs + ICs' (Contract research)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kobayashi, Takanori; Hashimoto, Masashi; Yokoyama, Keiichi

2015-12-01

To discuss the exchange reaction of Cs isotope by CsI + Cs' → Cs + ICs', the structure and chemical properties of Cs 2 I intermediate and potential energy surface of the entrance reaction are calculated using M06/def2-TZVPPD density functional calculation. The calculation shows that the reaction to the intermediate has no barrier and the two Cs-I bonds of Cs 2 I are chemically equivalent. These results suggest that the rate of the Cs exchange reaction of CsI + Cs' → Cs + ICs' is as high as the collision rate. (author)

RB Research nuclear reactor RB reactor, Annual report for 2000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milosevic, M.

2000-12-01

Report on RB reactor operation during 2000 contains 3 parts. Part one contains a brief description of reactor operation and reactor components, relevant dosimetry data and radiation protection issues, personnel and financial data. Part two is devoted to maintenance of the reactor components, namely, fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, heavy water circulation system, absorption rods and heavy water level-meters, maintenance of electronic, mechanical, electrical and auxiliary equipment. Part three contains data concerned with reactor operation and utilization with a comprehensive list of publications resulting from experiments done at the RB reactor. It contains data about reactor operation during previous 14 years, i.e. from 1986 - 2000

Half-life measurement of 89Rb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo Xiaoqing; Yuan Daqing; Xu Lijun; Chen Kesheng; Wu Yongle; Zheng Yanming; Yao Shunhe

2013-01-01

89 Rb is an important fission product used for monitoring possible release of fission products from fuel element. The half-life is one of important nuclear parameters. The half-life of 89 Rb was determined using reference source method with two sets of HPGe detectors by place-relay way. In reference source method, the ratio of net full- energy peak areas from the measure nuclide and the reference source was used to avoid the count correction caused by dead time and pileup. For the very short half-life of 89 Rb, the half-life iterative method was used in data analysis and the translation method was used in data unification. Finally, the measured half-life of 89 Rb is (14.41±0.04) min. (authors)

82Sr--82Rb radioisotope generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grant, P.M.; Erdal, B.R.; O'Brien, H.A.

1976-01-01

An improved 82 Sr- 82 Rb radioisotope generator system, based upon the complexing ion exchange resin Chelex-100, has been developed. Columns of this material can be easily and rapidly milked, and the Rb-Sr separation factor for a fresh generator was found to be greater than 10 7 . Approximately 80 percent of the 82 Rb present was delivered in a 15-ml volume of aqueous 0.2 M NH 4 Cl solution. After more than 6 liters of eluant had been put through the generator, the Rb-Sr separation factor was still observed to be greater than 10 5 , and no unusual strontium breakthrough behavior was seen in the system over nearly three 82 Sr half lives. 2 claims, no drawings

RV Ronald H. Brown Cruise RB1201 (EM122)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Cruise RB1201 was led by Chief Scientist Molly Baringer (AOML, NOAA, Miami) as per previous cruises RB0602, RB0701 and RB0901. The three main objectives were:...

Production, quality control and initial imaging studies of [82mRb]RbCl for PET studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rowshanfarzad, P.; Jalilian, A.R.; Kiyomarsi, M.; Sabet, M.; Karimian, A.R.; Moradkhani, S.; Mirzaii, M.

2006-01-01

Rubidium-82m was prepared via 15.4 MeV proton irradiation of a krypton-82 gaseous target (30% enrichment). Washing the target chamber with hot water yielded a Rb-82m containing solution, which was further purified using short column chromatography in order to remove organic/inorganic impurities. The flowthrough was formulated in normal saline for injection. Radionuclide, radiochemical and chemical purity tests were performed prior to administration to rats for imaging (radiochemical yield: 95-97%, radiochemical purity > 97%). Preliminary dual-head coincidence studies were performed to determine the distribution of [ 82m Rb]Rb in normal rats. For biodistribution studies, Rb-81 was injected to rats and tracer accumulation in heart, GI and bladder was determined after sacrification in time intervals. A yield of 1.3 GBq at EOB, 235.7 MBq/μAh was obtained. (authors)

Rb1 loss modifies but does not initiate alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

Background Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) is a myogenic childhood sarcoma frequently associated with a translocation-mediated fusion gene, Pax3:Foxo1a. Methods We investigated the complementary role of Rb1 loss in aRMS tumor initiation and progression using conditional mouse models. Results Rb1 loss was not a necessary and sufficient mutational event for rhabdomyosarcomagenesis, nor a strong cooperative initiating mutation. Instead, Rb1 loss was a modifier of progression and increased anaplasia and pleomorphism. Whereas Pax3:Foxo1a expression was unaltered, biomarkers of aRMS versus embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma were both increased, questioning whether these diagnostic markers are reliable in the context of Rb1 loss. Genome-wide gene expression in Pax3:Foxo1a,Rb1 tumors more closely approximated aRMS than embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Intrinsic loss of pRb function in aRMS was evidenced by insensitivity to a Cdk4/6 inhibitor regardless of whether Rb1 was intact or null. This loss of function could be attributed to low baseline Rb1, pRb and phospho-pRb expression in aRMS tumors for which the Rb1 locus was intact. Pax3:Foxo1a RNA interference did not increase pRb or improve Cdk inhibitor sensitivity. Human aRMS shared the feature of low and/or heterogeneous tumor cell pRb expression. Conclusions Rb1 loss from an already low pRb baseline is a significant disease modifier, raising the possibility that some cases of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma may in fact be Pax3:Foxo1a-expressing aRMS with Rb1 or pRb loss of function. PMID:24274149

Multivariate characterization of elements accumulated in King Bolete Boletus edulis mushroom at lowland and high mountain regions.

Science.gov (United States)

Falandysz, J; Kunito, T; Kubota, R; Bielawski, L; Frankowska, A; Falandysz, Justyna J; Tanabe, S

2008-12-01

Based on ICP-MS, ICP-OES, HG-AAS, CV-AAS and elementary instrumental analysis of King Bolete collected from four sites of different soil bedrock geochemistry considered could be as mushroom abundant in certain elements. King's Bolete fruiting bodies are very rich in K (> 20 mg/g dry weight), rich in Ca, Mg, Na, Rb and Zn (> 100 microg/g dw), and relatively also rich in Ag, Cd, Cs, Cu, Fe, Mn and Se (> 10 microg/g dw). The caps of King Bolete when compared to stipes around two-to three-fold more abundant are in Ag, Cd, Cs, Cu, Hg, K, Mg, Mo, N, Rb, Se and Zn. King Bolete collected at the lowland and mountain sites showed Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo and Na in caps in comparable concentrations, and specimens from the mountain areas accumulated more Cd and Sb. Elements such as Al, Pb and Rb occurred at relatively elevated concentration in King Bolete picked up at the metal ores-rich region of the Sudety Mountains. Because of high bioconcentration potential King Bolete at the background sites accumulate in fruiting bodies great concentrations of problematic elements such as Cd, Pb and Hg, i.e. up to nearly 20, 3 and 5 microg/g dw, on the average, respectively. The interdependence among determined mineral elements examined were using the principal components analysis (PCA) method. The PCA explained 56% of the total variance. The metals tend to cluster together (Ba, Cd, Cs, Cr, Ga, Rb, Se, Sr and V; K and Mg; Cu and Mo). The results provided useful environmental and nutritional background level information on 26 minerals as the composition of King Bolete from the sites of different bedrock soil geochemistry.

Rietveld refinement of the crystal structures of Rb2XSi5O12 (X = Ni, Mn

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anthony M. T. Bell

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The synthetic leucite silicate framework mineral analogues Rb2XSi5O12 {X = Ni [dirubidium nickel(II pentasilicate] and Mn [dirubidium manganese(II pentasilicate]} have been prepared by high-temperature solid-state synthesis. The results of Rietveld refinements, using X-ray powder diffraction data collected using Cu Kα X-rays, show that the title compounds crystallize in the space group Pbca and adopt the cation-ordered structure of Cs2CdSi5O12 and other leucites. The structures consist of tetrahedral SiO4 and XO4 units sharing corners to form a partially substituted silicate framework. Extraframework Rb+ cations sit in channels in the framework. All atoms occupy the 8c general position for this space group. In these refined structures, silicon and X atoms are ordered onto separate tetrahedrally coordinated sites (T-sites. However, the Ni displacement parameter and the Ni—O bond lengths suggest that for the X = Ni sample, there may actually be some T-site cation disorder.

Synthesis and characterization of the superonic-based secondary battery cell Ag/RbAg4I5/RbI3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Effendi Nurdin; Jahja, A.K.; Purnama, S.

2000-01-01

The solid electrolyte material silver based, RbAg 4 I 5 had been used as electrolyte in making a secondary rechargeable battery cell with silver (Ag) as the anode and rubidium tri-iodide (RbI 3 ) as the cathode.The charge-discharge characteristics measurements and the battery polarization in normal atmospheric pressure, at ambient temperature had been carried out. It can be deduced that the cell configuration Ag/RbAg 4I5/ RbI 3 has performed as a secondary battery. The cell performed well with current density up to 230 μA/cm 2

Production of 83Rb and development of a generator for the separation of sup(83m)Kr from 83Rb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krueger, A.; Lieser, K.H.

1975-01-01

83 Rb was produced from rubidium by a (γ,2n)-reaction. The specific activity in the irradiated samples of RbCl was 0.2 to 0.3mCi 83 Rb/gRb. For the separation of the sup(83m)Kr in the liquid phase the cation exchanger Dowex-50WX12 proved to be a suitable carrier. sup(83m)Kr was eluted by bidistilled water. The yield ranged from 85-95%, at an elution time of 3 minutes. The decontamination factor was > 10 6 . The separation of sup(83m)Kr in the gaseous phase was effected by floating a 83 Rb loaded column with an elution gas. The best results were obtained with a generator containing aluminium oxide as carrier for 83 Rb. The yield of sup(83m)Kr was 90-100%, the decontamination factor > 10 4 , the time needed for the separation 20-60 seconds. All generators proved to be very safe even after long time of use. (orig.) [de

Programa nacional de prevención y consejería genética del retinoblastoma mediante detección de mutaciones en el gen rb.

OpenAIRE

Frayle, H.; Guevara, G.

2011-01-01

El retinoblastoma es un raro tumor ocular que se diagnostica en los niños, 40% de los casos se consideran hereditarios y 60% esporádicos. El modelo genético propuesto por Knudson involucra
una la doble mutación inactivante del gen Rb, exclusivamente somática en los esporádicos y germinal más somática en los hereditarios. Esta investigacin tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las mutaciones en el gen Rb mediante secuenciación directa y evaluar su utilidad en la consejería genética....

CS Informativeness Governs CS-US Associability

Science.gov (United States)

Ward, Ryan D.; Gallistel, C. R.; Jensen, Greg; Richards, Vanessa L.; Fairhurst, Stephen; Balsam, Peter D

2012-01-01

In a conditioning protocol, the onset of the conditioned stimulus (CS) provides information about when to expect reinforcement (the US). There are two sources of information from the CS in a delay conditioning paradigm in which the CS-US interval is fixed. The first depends on the informativeness, the degree to which CS onset reduces the average expected time to onset of the next US. The second depends only on how precisely a subject can represent a fixed-duration interval (the temporal Weber fraction). In three experiments with mice, we tested the differential impact of these two sources of information on rate of acquisition of conditioned responding (CS-US associability). In Experiment 1, we show that associability (the inverse of trials to acquisition) increases in proportion to informativeness. In Experiment 2, we show that fixing the duration of the US-US interval or the CS-US interval or both has no effect on associability. In Experiment 3, we equated the increase in information produced by varying the C̅/T̅ ratio with the increase produced by fixing the duration of the CS-US interval. Associability increased with increased informativeness, but, as in Experiment 2, fixing the CS-US duration had no effect on associability. These results are consistent with the view that CS-US associability depends on the increased rate of reward signaled by CS onset. The results also provide further evidence that conditioned responding is temporally controlled when it emerges. PMID:22468633

Differential gene expression profiling of endometrium during the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle between a repeat breeder (RB) and non-RB cows.

Science.gov (United States)

Hayashi, Ken-Go; Hosoe, Misa; Kizaki, Keiichiro; Fujii, Shiori; Kanahara, Hiroko; Takahashi, Toru; Sakumoto, Ryosuke

2017-03-23

Repeat breeding directly affects reproductive efficiency in cattle due to an increase in services per conception and calving interval. This study aimed to investigate whether changes in endometrial gene expression profile are involved in repeat breeding in cows. Differential gene expression profiles of the endometrium were investigated during the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle between repeat breeder (RB) and non-RB cows using microarray analysis. The caruncular (CAR) and intercaruncular (ICAR) endometrium of both ipsilateral and contralateral uterine horns to the corpus luteum were collected from RB (inseminated at least three times but not pregnant) and non-RB cows on Day 15 of the estrous cycle (4 cows/group). Global gene expression profiles of these endometrial samples were analyzed with a 15 K custom-made oligo-microarray for cattle. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the cellular localization of proteins of three identified transcripts in the endometrium. Microarray analysis revealed that 405 and 397 genes were differentially expressed in the CAR and ICAR of the ipsilateral uterine horn of RB, respectively when compared with non-RB cows. In the contralateral uterine horn, 443 and 257 differentially expressed genes were identified in the CAR and ICAR of RB, respectively when compared with non-RB cows. Gene ontology analysis revealed that genes involved in development and morphogenesis were mainly up-regulated in the CAR of RB cows. In the ICAR of both the ipsilateral and contralateral uterine horns, genes related to the metabolic process were predominantly enriched in the RB cows when compared with non-RB cows. In the analysis of the whole uterus (combining the data above four endometrial compartments), RB cows showed up-regulation of 37 genes including PRSS2, GSTA3 and PIPOX and down-regulation of 39 genes including CHGA, KRT35 and THBS4 when compared with non-RB cows. Immunohistochemistry revealed that CHGA, GSTA3 and PRSS2 proteins

Rapid release of 42K and 86Rb from an occluded state of the Na,K-pump in the presence of ATP or ADP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Forbush, B. III

1987-01-01

We have measured the time course of release of 42 K and 86 Rb from an occluded state of the Na,K-pump using a rapid filtration apparatus. We have found that at 20 degrees C and in the presence of ATP, 42 K is released with a rate constant of approximately 45 s-1 and 86 Rb with a rate constant of approximately 20 s-1; both ATP and ADP are effective at a low affinity site (Kd approximately 0.3 and 1 mM, respectively) with the rate of deocclusion being only half as great in ADP as in ATP. Mg2+ stimulates 2-fold at low concentrations probably by forming MgATP, and free Mg2+ is strongly inhibitory at high concentrations (Kd approximately 10 mM). Mg2+ also decreases the affinity for ATP, and the data are consistent with mixed type inhibition; from the analysis the dissociation constant is approximately 1 mM for the inhibitory Mg2+ and the Rb+-occluded form without ATP. The rate of 42 K or 86 Rb release increases monotonically with pH while ATPase activity decreases above pH 8, so that deocclusion is not rate-limiting in the overall cycle at high pH. This is reflected by a convergence of the rate of Na,K-ATPase and Na,Rb-ATPase activities at high pH and by a decrease in the observed steady-state level of the occluded 86 Rb intermediate at high pH. K+, Rb+, Na+, and Cs+, but not Li+, increase the rate of 42 K and 86 Rb release at constant ionic strength, presumably at sites other than the transport sites. The spontaneous rate of deocclusion is only approximately 0.1 s-1 at low ionic strength in the absence of nucleotides, and it is increased markedly by all cations tested except Li+. Overall the data are consistent with deocclusion as a rate-limiting step in the Na,K-pump cycle

First-principles calculations of two cubic fluoropervskite compounds: RbFeF3 and RbNiF3

Science.gov (United States)

Mubarak, A. A.; Al-Omari, Saleh

2015-05-01

We present first-principles calculations of the structural, elastic, electronic, magnetic and optical properties for RbFeF3 and RbNiF3. The full-potential linear augmented plan wave (FP-LAPW) method within the density functional theory was utilized to perform the present calculations. We employed the generalized gradient approximation as exchange-correlation potential. It was found that the calculated analytical lattice parameters agree with previous studies. The analysis of elastic constants showed that the present compounds are elastically stable and anisotropic. Moreover, both compounds are classified as a ductile compound. The calculations of the band structure and density functional theory revealed that the RbFeF3 compound has a half-metallic behavior while the RbNiF3 compound has a semiconductor behavior with indirect (M-Γ) band gap. The ferromagnetic behavior was studied for both compounds. The optical properties were calculated for the radiation of up to 40 eV. A beneficial optics technology is predicted as revealed from the optical spectra.

The elements Se, Hg, Cr, Sb, Fe, Zn, Co, and Rb were investigated by neutron activation analysis in blood serum of leukemia patients and workers of metal coating industries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taheriean, Ali Akbar.

1992-02-01

Current universal interests in trace element studies are being spurred by our needs to determine trace element requirements and tolerance by organism, including relationships to animal and human health and disease, evaluate the potential bio magnification and bio toxicity of trace elements. The element Se, Hg, Cr, Sb, Fe, Zn, Co, and Rb were investigated in blood serum of 24 leukemia patients and 20 workers of metal coating of industries, using neutron activation analysis and gamma ray counting high purity germanium detector, it was possible to determine the above mentioned trace elements with great accuracy. The result of these investigations are described briefly. In the blood serum of leukemia patients, which were collected from Ali Asghar children Hospital, some increase of Fe and decrease of Se could be found, whereas the amount variation of other trace elements were negligible. The amount of Zn in the blood serum of these workers by comparison with 60 normal man indicates no change. Due to importance of trace elements in the human health we suggest that this investigation must be prolonged using more samples

Ternary system of cesium, rubidium and lead iodides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volchanskaya, V.V.; Dunaeva, T.I.; Il'yasov, I.I.

1990-01-01

Meltability diagram of ternary system (CsI) 2 -(RbI) 2 -PbI 2 has been studied. The liquidus of the given system consists of crystallization fields of solid solutions (CsI-RbI) and (CsI·PbI 2 -RbI-PbI 2 ), fields of incongruently melting compounds 9RbI·PbI 2 , 4CsI·PbI 2 and field of PbI 2 component. In the system two nonvariant points at 410 and 380 deg C are detected

Molecular structures and thermodynamic properties of 12 gaseous cesium-containing species of nuclear safety interest: Cs 2, CsH, CsO, Cs 2O, CsX, and Cs 2X 2 (X = OH, Cl, Br, and I)

Science.gov (United States)

Badawi, Michael; Xerri, Bertrand; Canneaux, Sébastien; Cantrel, Laurent; Louis, Florent

2012-01-01

Ab initio electronic structure calculations at the coupled cluster level with a correction for the triples extrapolated to the complete basis set limit have been made for the estimation of the thermochemical properties of Cs 2, CsH, CsO, Cs 2O, CsX, and Cs 2X 2 (X = OH, Cl, Br, and I). The standard enthalpies of formation and standard molar entropies at 298 K, and the temperature dependence of the heat capacities at constant pressure were evaluated. The calculated thermochemical properties are in good agreement with their literature counterparts. For Cs 2, CsH, CsOH, Cs 2(OH) 2, CsCl, Cs 2Cl 2, CsBr, CsI, and Cs 2I 2, the calculated ΔfH298K∘ values are within chemical accuracy of the most recent experimental values. Based on the excellent agreement observed between our calculated ΔfH298K∘ values and their literature counterparts, the standard enthalpies of formation at 298 K are estimated to be the following: ΔfH298K∘ (CsO) = 17.0 kJ mol -1 and ΔfH298K∘ (Cs 2Br 2) = -575.4 kJ mol -1.

RB reactor noise analysis; Analiza sumova reaktora RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Petrovic, M; Velickovic, Lj; Markovic, V; Jovanovic, S [Institut za nuklearne nauke Boris Kidric, Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1964-07-01

Statistical fluctuations of reactivity represent reactor noise. Analysis of reactor noise enables determining a series of reactor kinetic parameters. Fluctuations of power was measured by ionization chamber placed next to the tank of the RB reactor. The signal was digitized by an analog-digital converter. After calculation of the mean power, 3000 data obtained by sampling were analysed.

Silencing of RB1 and RB2/P130 during adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells results in dysregulated differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Capasso, Stefania; Alessio, Nicola; Di Bernardo, Giovanni; Cipollaro, Marilena; Melone, Mariarosa Ab; Peluso, Gianfranco; Giordano, Antonio; Galderisi, Umberto

2014-01-01

Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is different from fat found elsewhere in the body, and only recently have some of its functions been investigated. BMAT may regulate bone marrow stem cell niche and plays a role in energy storage and thermogenesis. BMAT may be involved also in obesity and osteoporosis onset. Given the paramount functions of BMAT, we decided to better clarify the human bone marrow adipogenesis by analyzing the role of the retinoblastoma gene family, which are key players in cell cycle regulation. Our data provide evidence that the inactivation of RB1 or RB2/P130 in uncommitted bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) facilitates the first steps of adipogenesis. In cultures with silenced RB1 or RB2/P130, we observed an increase of clones with adipogenic potential and a higher percentage of cells accumulating lipid droplets. Nevertheless, the absence of RB1 or RB2/P130 impaired the terminal adipocyte differentiation and gave rise to dysregulated adipose cells, with alteration in lipid uptake and release. For the first time, we evidenced that RB2/P130 plays a role in bone marrow adipogenesis. Our data suggest that while the inactivation of retinoblastoma proteins may delay the onset of last cell division and allow more BMSC to be committed to adipocyte, it did not allow a permanent cell cycle exit, which is a prerequisite for adipocyte terminal maturation.

Determination of 21 elements by INAA for certification of SRM 1570a, Spinach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Becker, D.A.

1995-01-01

Analyses for certification have been made by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for the determination of 21 elements in the National Institute of Standards and technology (NIST) Spinach renewal reference material, SRM 1570a. Elements determined included ones with short halflife products (Al, V, Ca, Mg) intermediate halflife products (Mn, Na, K, La), and long halflife products (Ba, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Th, and Zn). For the first time a new robotic sample changer was used in the counting of long halflife indicator isotopes for certification of an SRM. Uncertainties obtained averaged ± 1.80% for the four major and minor constituents (Ca, K, Mg, Na); ± 3.14% for elements with concentrations form 1 to 400 mg/kg (Al, Ba, Cr, Fe, Mn, Rb, Sr, and Zn); and ± 8.31% for the ultra trace elements (<1 mg/kg) (Co, Cs, Eu, La, Sb, Sc, Se, Th, and V). (author) 3 refs.; 3 tabs

Emergent odd-parity multipoles and magnetoelectric effects on a diamond structure: Implication for the 5 d transition metal oxides A OsO4 (A =K ,Rb, and Cs)

Science.gov (United States)

Hayami, Satoru; Kusunose, Hiroaki; Motome, Yukitoshi

2018-01-01

We report our theoretical predictions on the linear magnetoelectric (ME) effects originating from odd-parity multipoles associated with spontaneous spin and orbital ordering on a diamond structure. We derive a two-orbital model for d electrons in eg orbitals by including the effective spin-orbit coupling which arises from the mixing between eg and t2 g orbitals. We show that the model acquires a net antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling once staggered spin and orbital orders occur spontaneously. The staggered orders are accompanied by odd-parity multipoles: magnetic monopole, quadrupoles, and toroidal dipoles. We classify the types of the odd-parity multipoles according to the symmetry of the spin and orbital orders. Furthermore, by computing the ME tensor using the linear response theory, we show that the staggered orders induce a variety of the linear ME responses. We elaborate all possible ME responses for each staggered order, which are useful to identify the order parameter and to detect the odd-parity multipoles by measuring the ME effects. We also elucidate the effect of lowering symmetry by a tetragonal distortion, which leads to richer ME responses. The implications of our results are discussed for the 5 d transition metal oxides, A OsO4 (A =K,Rb, and Cs) , in which the order parameters are not fully identified.

Evidence for Chemical and Electronic Nonuniformities in the Formation of the Interface of RbF-Treated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 with CdS.

Science.gov (United States)

Nicoara, Nicoleta; Kunze, Thomas; Jackson, Philip; Hariskos, Dimitrios; Duarte, Roberto Félix; Wilks, Regan G; Witte, Wolfram; Bär, Marcus; Sadewasser, Sascha

2017-12-20

We report on the initial stages of CdS buffer layer formation on Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGSe) thin-film solar cell absorbers subjected to rubidium fluoride (RbF) postdeposition treatment (PDT). A detailed characterization of the CIGSe/CdS interface for different chemical bath deposition (CBD) times of the CdS layer is obtained from spatially resolved atomic and Kelvin probe force microscopy and laterally integrating X-ray spectroscopies. The observed spatial inhomogeneity in the interface's structural, chemical, and electronic properties of samples undergoing up to 3 min of CBD treatments is indicative of a complex interface formation including an incomplete coverage and/or nonuniform composition of the buffer layer. It is expected that this result impacts solar cell performance, in particular when reducing the CdS layer thickness (e.g., in an attempt to increase the collection in the ultraviolet wavelength region). Our work provides important findings on the absorber/buffer interface formation and reveals the underlying mechanism for limitations in the reduction of the CdS thickness, even when an alkali PDT is applied to the CIGSe absorber.

Radiation protection at reactors RA and RB

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ninkovic, M.

2003-02-01

Radiation protection activities at the RA and RB reactors are imposed by the existing legal regulations and international recommendations in this field. This annual report contains five parts which cover the following topics: Radiation safety, dosimetry control and technical radiation protection at reactors RA and RB; Handling of radioactive waste, actions and decontamination; Control of the environment (surroundings of RA and RB reactors) and meteorological measurements; Control of internal contamination and internal exposure; Health control od personnel exposed to radiation. Personnel as well as financial data are part of this report

Cu and Zn substituted silicon clathrates with the cubic type-II structure. Synthesis and characterization of Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}Cu{sub 3.8}Si{sub 132.2} and Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}Zn{sub 6.9}Si{sub 129.1}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schaefer, Marion C.; Bobev, Svilen [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE (United States)

2017-12-13

Studies in the systems Cs-Na-Cu-Si and Cs-Na-Zn-Si yielded the novel clathrates Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}(Cu,Si){sub 136} and Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}(Zn,Si){sub 136}, both with the cubic type-II structure [space group Fd anti 3m (no. 227), Pearson symbol cF160]. The structures of the title compounds were established from single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods, confirming the complete ordering of the Cs and Na guest atoms. The framework-building Si atoms are found to be randomly substituted by Cu atoms on framework site 96g, exclusively. In the structure of Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}(Zn,Si){sub 136}, the refinements indicate that the Zn and Si atoms co-occupy two of the three framework sites with notable preference for site 96g over site 32e. The corresponding refined compositions and unit cell parameters are as follows: Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}Cu{sub 3.8}Si{sub 132.2(1)} [a = 14.7583(15) Aa]; Cs{sub 8}Na{sub 16}Zn{sub 6.9}Si{sub 129.1(1)} [a = 14.7682(5) Aa], respectively. The type-II clathrates can be obtained only from experiments employing both Na and Cs, whereas work in the ternary Cs-Cu-Si, Cs-Zn-Si, Na-Cu-Si, and Na-Zn-Si systems failed to yield any clathrate phases. At the same conditions, exploratory studies in the K-Zn-Si and Rb-Zn-Si systems provided evidence that type-I clathrates are favored. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Dual-energy radiography of bone tissues using ZnSe-based scintielectronic detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grinyov, B.; Ryzhikov, V.; Lecoq, P.; Naydenov, S.; Opolonin, A.; Lisetskaya, E.; Galkin, S.; Shumeiko, N.

2007-01-01

Detectors of the scintillator-photodiode type were obtained on the basis of CsI(Tl), CdWO 4 and ZnSe(Te) crystals, and their comparative study was carried out, aiming at their use in X-ray computer tomography (CT). Because of their low afterglow level (10 ppm after 10 ms), CWO and ZnSe crystals are preferable for this application. A drawback of CWO is its lower (by 3 times) light output as compared with CsI(Tl). ZnSe has low transparence to intrinsic radiation; however, up to energies of 60-70 keV it is superior, as for the whole complex of its parameter, to materials traditionally used for CT detectors. The use of a dual-energy receiving-detecting circuit with a detector pair ZnSe/CsI or ZnSe/CdWO allows efficient distinction between muscular and bone tissues, which supports our earlier theoretical assumptions that this method could be successfully used for separate detection of materials differing in their effective atomic number Z eff and local density (e.g., calcium contents in bone densitometry)

Molecular CsF 5 and CsF 2 +

KAUST Repository

Rogachev, Andrey Yu.; Miao, Mao-sheng; Merino, Gabriel; Hoffmann, Roald

2015-01-01

D5h star-like CsF5, formally isoelectronic with known XeF5− ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF5, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF+2 F2, or to CsF3 (three isomeric forms)+F2, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs+ complex of F5−. Similarly the CsF2+ ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

Molecular CsF 5 and CsF 2 +

KAUST Repository

Rogachev, Andrey Yu.

2015-06-03

D5h star-like CsF5, formally isoelectronic with known XeF5− ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF5, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF+2 F2, or to CsF3 (three isomeric forms)+F2, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs+ complex of F5−. Similarly the CsF2+ ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

Dosimetry system of the RB reactor; Dozimetarski sistem reaktora RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lolic, B; Vukadin, D [Boris Kidric Institute of nuclear sciences, Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1962-07-01

Although RB reactor is operated at very low power levels, safety and dosimetry systems have high importance. This paper shows detailed dosimetry system with fundamental typical components. Estimated radiation doses dependent on reactor power are given at some characteristic points in the rooms nearby reactor.

Alkali metal and ammonium fluoro(trifluoroacetato)metallates M'[ M''3(μ3-F)(CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3], where M' = Li, Na, K, NH4, Rb, or Cs and M'' = Ni or Co. Synthesis and crystal structures

Science.gov (United States)

Tereshchenko, D. S.; Morozov, I. V.; Boltalin, A. I.; Karpova, E. V.; Glazunova, T. Yu.; Troyanov, S. I.

2013-01-01

A series of fluoro(trifluoroacetato)metallates were synthesized by crystallization from solutions in trifluoroacetic acid containing nickel(II) or cobalt(II) nitrate hydrates and alkali metal or ammonium fluorides: Li[Ni3(μ3-F)(CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3](CF3COOH)3 ( I), M'[Ni3(μ3-F)(CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3] ( M' = Na ( II), NH4 ( IV), Rb ( V), and Cs ( VI)), NH4[Co3(μ3-F) (CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3] ( III), and Cs[Ni3(μ3-F)(CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3](CF3COOH)0.5 ( VII). The crystal structures of these compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All structures contain triangular trinuclear complex anions [ M 3″(μ3-F)(CF3COO)6(CF3COOH)3]- ( M″ = Ni, Co) structurally similar to trinuclear 3d metal oxo carboxylate complexes. The three-coordinated F atom is located at the center of the triangle formed by Ni(II) or Co(II) atoms. The metal atoms are linked in pairs by six bridging trifluoroacetate groups located above and below the plane of the [ M″3 F] triangle. The oxygen atoms of the axial CF3COOH molecules complete the coordination environment of M″ atoms to an octahedron.

Lattice Dynamics of NaCI, KCI, RbCl and RbF

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raunio, G; Rolandson, S [Physics Dept., Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Goet eborg (Sweden)

1970-07-01

In a series of earlier papers experimental results on phonon dispersion relations at 80 K in NaCl, KCl, RbCl and RbF have been reported. We now present calculations on these halides using the extended shell model approach with both ions polarizable and including next-nearest neighbour interactions. The parameters obtained in a least squares fit to the experimental points in the symmetry directions have been used to calculate the phonon frequencies in 512,000 equally spaced points in an octant of the Brillouin zone, -whereby, after sorting these into intervals of width {delta}{omega} = 2 x 10{sup 11} rad/sec , the frequency spectrum was obtained. From these spectra the variation of the Debye temperature with temperature was also calculated. The agreement with results from specific heat measurements for NaCl and KCl is quite satisfactory at low temperatures.

RB Research nuclear reactor, 30 years of operation; Istrazivacki nuclearni reaktor RB, povodom 30 godina rada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pesic, M; Stefanovic, D [Boris Kidric Institute of nuclear sciences Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1988-06-15

Paper describes utilization, modifications and changes of construction and control-safety systems done at the RB reactor during 30 years of operation. Experiments performed at the reactor are summarized, new reactor equipment is described and the future plans are shown. Rad prikazuje eksploataciju reaktora RB tokom 30 godina rada, modifikacije i izmene u konstruktivnim i upravljacko-sigurnosnim sistemima. Sumirani su eksperimenti izvedeni na njemu, prikazana je nova oprema i planovi za buduci rad.

Nondestructive analysis of RA reactor fuel burnup, Program for burnup calculation base on relative yield of {sup 106}Ru, {sup 134}Cs and {sup 137}Cs in the irradiated fuel; Nedestruktivno odredjivanje izgaranja goriva reaktora RA, Program za izracunavanje izgaranja na osnovu relativne zastupljenosti {sup 106}Ru, {sup 134}Cs i {sup 137}Cs u ozracenom gorivu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bulovic, V F [Institute of nuclear sciences Boris Kidric, Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1971-07-01

Burnup of low enriched metal uranium fuel of the RA reactor is described by two chain reactions. Energy balance and material changes in the fuel are described by systems of differential equations. Numerical integration of these equations is base on the the reactor operation data. Neutron flux and percent of Uranium-235 or more frequently yield of epithermal neutrons in the neutron flux, is determined by iteration from the measured contents of {sup 106}Ru, {sup 134}Cs and {sup 137}Cs in the irradiated fuel. The computer program was written in FORTRAN-IV. Burnup is calculated by using the measured activities of fission products. Burnup results are absolute values. Sagorevanje maloobogacenog uranskog metalnog goriva reaktora RA je opisano dvema lancanim reakcijama. Energetski bilans i materijalne promene u gorivu su opisane sistemima diferencijalnih jednacina. Numericka integracija jednacina se vrsi na osnovu podataka u dinamici rada reaktora. Fluks reaktorskih neutrona i procenat urana-235 ili ucesce epitermalnih neutrona u fluksu, odredjuje se iterativno na osnovu izmerenog sadrzaja {sup 106}Ru, {sup 134}Cs i {sup 137}Cs u ozracenom gorivu. Program je napisan u FORTRAN-u IV u jednom bloku, bez podprograma. Izracunavanje izgaranja je zasnovano na izmerenim kolicnicima aktivnosti fisionih produkata. Rezultati izgaranja imaju apsolutni karakter (author)

Bulletin of Materials Science | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The structural parameters, elastic constants, electronic and optical properties of the bi-alkali antimonides (Na 2 KSb, Na 2 RbSb, Na 2 CsSb, K 2 RbSb, K 2 CsSb and Rb 2 CsSb) were calculated using state-of-the-art density functional theory. Different exchange-correlation potentials were adopted to predict the physical ...

RB research nuclear reactor, Annual report for 1981; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RB, Izvestaj o radu u 1981. godini

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Markovic, H; Sotic, O; Pesic, M; Vranic, S; Zivkovic, B; Bogdanovic, M; Petronijevic, M [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1981-07-01

The annual report for 1981 includes the following: utilization of the RB reactor; accident and incidents analysis; description of the reactor equipment status; dosimetry and radiation protection; RB reactor staff; financial data. Seven Annexes to this report are concerned with: maintenance of the reactor components and equipment, including nuclear fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, heavy water coolant circuit, experimental platforms, absorption rods; maintenance of the electric power supply system, neutron source equipment, crane; control and maintenance of ventilation and heating systems, gas and comprised gas systems, fire protection system; plan for renewal of the reactor components; contents of the RB reactor safety report; reactor staff; review of measured radiation doses; experimental methods; training of the staff; and financial report.

87Rb-NMR in Rb2ZnCl4 below the incommensurable phase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grande, S.; Moskvich, Yu.N.; Aleksandrova, I.P.

1983-01-01

In Rb 2 ZnCl 4 crystals the curly polar phase, which changes into the incommensurable phase below 192 K, has been investigated by pulsed NMR. The angular correlations of the second-order quadrupole shifts have been measured and the corresponding tensors of the electric field gradient have been calculated. The six Rb layers change differently in magnitude and orientation compared to the paraelectric phase. The temperature dependences within the C-phase are also different. The spin-lattice relaxation times have been measured and discussed for each layer in the C-phase. All relaxation times show an anomaly at a further phase transition occurring at 72 K connected with an increase of the number of spectral lines

Applications of Cs-137 and soil trapping methods for studying slope processes in the Carpathian foothills

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chelmicki, Wojciech

1992-06-01

Full Text Available Areas of soil degradation and sedimentation have been delimited within a single, representative for the Carpathian Foothills, slope profile. Two methods: Cs-137 and soil trapping have been used. Soil degradation on the slope used as a pastureland is generally small, with the most intensive degradation in the mid slope. Once the slope was cultivated the process of erosion and soil wash must have been more intensive which is evidenced by high Cs-137 content within the valley bottom deposits. High Cs-137 content within forested ecosystems results from good Cs-137 trapping efficiency of forests rather than from the soil deposition.

[es] Aplicación del Cs-137 y de métodos de trampeo de suelo para estudiar procesos de ladera en el piedemonte de los Cárpatos. Se han delimitado las áreas afectadas por erosión y sedimentación en un perfil de ladera, representativo del piedemonte de los Cárpatos. Se han empleado dos métodos: Cesio-137 y trampas de sedimentos. Se ha demostrado que la erosión del suelo en laderas utilizadas para pastos es generalmente pequeña, apareciendo las degradaciones más intensas a media ladera. Cuando la ladera estaba cultivada, los procesos de erosión debían ser más intensos, como lo evidencia el alto contenido de Cs-137 en los depósitos de fondo de valle. El elevado contenido de Cs-137 en ecosistemas forestales se debe a la eficacia de los bosques para atrapar el Cs-137, más que a la sedimentación.
[de] Anwendung der Cs-137 und der Fangmethode zur bestimmung der Hangvorgänge im Karpatenhügelland. Entlang eines Hangprofíls innerhalb des Karpatenhügellandes sind Stellen ermitteit worden an denen, entweder Erosion oder Deposition festgestellt wurden. Das wurde aufgrund zweier fvlethoden bestimmt: anhand des radioaktiven Cs-137 und der Menge des erodierten Materials in eigens für diesen Zweck hergestellten Auffangbehältern. Es wurde festgestellt, dass aufeinem ais Weide genutzten Han die Intensit

76 FR 24793 - Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc (RR) RB211-524 Series and RB211 Trent 500, 700, and 800...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-03

... Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc (RR) RB211-524 Series and RB211 Trent 500, 700, and 800 Series... the AD. Costs of Compliance Based on the service information, we estimate that this AD would affect...

New neutron and gamma dosimetry equipment at the RB reactor; Nova merna neutronska i gama dozimetrijska oprema na reaktoru RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pesic, M; Stefanovic, D; Jevremovic, M; Petronijevic, M; Vranic, S; Ilic, I [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1992-07-15

In the frame of bilateral cooperation between Germany and Yugoslavia, complete control, safety and dosimetry equipment of the shut-down SNEAK reactor was donated to Vinca Institute and transported to be installed at the RB reactor. This report contains detailed description of instrumentation components including detectors, electronic components and electronic circuits. Experimental data which verified correct functioning of the installed devices are part of this document. The objective of the RB reactor staff is to achieve new safety and dosimetry system in order to improve the reliability and availability of the RB reactor for future experiments.

Rubidium distribution at atomic scale in high efficient Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cells

Science.gov (United States)

Vilalta-Clemente, Arantxa; Raghuwanshi, Mohit; Duguay, Sébastien; Castro, Celia; Cadel, Emmanuel; Pareige, Philippe; Jackson, Philip; Wuerz, Roland; Hariskos, Dimitrios; Witte, Wolfram

2018-03-01

The introduction of a rubidium fluoride post deposition treatment (RbF-PDT) for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers has led to a record efficiency up to 22.6% for thin-film solar cell technology. In the present work, high efficiency CIGS samples with RbF-PDT have been investigated by atom probe tomography (APT) to reveal the atomic distribution of all alkali elements present in CIGS layers and compared with non-treated samples. A Scanning Electron Microscopy Dual beam station (Focused Ion Beam-Gas Injection System) as well as Transmission Kikuchi diffraction is used for atom probe sample preparation and localization of the grain boundaries (GBs) in the area of interest. The analysis of the 3D atomic scale APT reconstructions of CIGS samples with RbF-PDT shows that inside grains, Rb is under the detection limit, but the Na concentration is enhanced as compared to the reference sample without Rb. At the GBs, a high concentration of Rb reaching 1.5 at. % was found, and Na and K (diffusing from the glass substrate) are also segregated at GBs but at lower concentrations as compared to Rb. The intentional introduction of Rb leads to significant changes in the chemical composition of CIGS matrix and at GBs, which might contribute to improve device efficiency.

Precision study of the $\\beta$-decay of $^{74}$Rb

CERN Multimedia

Van Duppen, P L E; Lunney, D

2002-01-01

We are proposing a high-resolution study of the $\\beta$-decay of $^{74}$Rb in order to extrapolate our precision knowledge of the superallowed $\\beta$-decays from the sd and fp shells towards the medium-heavy Z=N nuclei. The primary goal is to provide new data for testing the CVC hypothesis and the unitarity condition of the CKM matrix of the Standard Model. The presented programme would involve the careful measurements of the decay properties of $^{74}$Rb including the branching ratios to the excited states as well as the precise determination of the decay energy of $^{74}$Rb. The experimental methods readily available at ISOLDE include high-transmission conversion electron spectroscopy, $\\gamma$-ray spectroscopy as well as the measurements of the masses of $^{74}$Rb and $^{74}$Kr using two complementary techniques, ISOLTRAP and MISTRAL. The experiment would rely on a high-quality $^{74}$Rb beam available at ISOLDE with adequate intensity.

Synthesis and crystal structure of new K and Rb selenido/tellurido ferrate cluster compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stueble, Pirmin; Berroth, Angela; Roehr, Caroline [Freiburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische und Analytische Chemie

2016-08-01

In the course of a systematic study of alkali iron chalcogenido salts containing clusters [Fe{sub 4}Q{sub 8}] a series of new mixed-valent potassium and rubidium selenido and tellurido ferrates(II/III) was synthesized by carefully heating the pure elements enclosed in sample tubes under an argon atmosphere up to maximum temperatures of 800-900 C. Their crystal structures have been determined by means of single crystal X-ray diffraction. The mixed-valent Fe{sup II/III} tellurido ferrates A{sub 7}[Fe{sub 4}Te{sub 8}] form three different structure types. All structures contain tetramers of four edge sharing [FeTe{sub 4}] tetrahedra, which are connected by common edges to form only slightly distorted tetrahedral [Fe{sub 4}Te{sub 8}]{sup 7-} anions ('stella quadrangula') with a [Fe{sub 4}Te{sub 4}] cubane core. In all cases, these anions are surrounded by 26 alkali cations, which are located at the eight corners and the midpoints of the six faces and 12 edges of a cube. The three crystal structures can thus be described by three different packings of cuboid moieties: The monoclinic rubidium compound Rb{sub 7}[Fe{sub 4}Te{sub 8}] (space group C2/c, a = 2000.16(7), b = 897.79(3), c = 1768.12(6) pm, β = 117.4995(10) , Z = 4, R1 = 0.0296) is isotypic to the known cesium tellurido and sulfido ferrates Cs{sub 7}[Fe{sub 4}(S/Te){sub 8}]. Depending on the temperature, K{sub 7}[Fe{sub 4}Te{sub 8}] forms two different but closely related new structure types: The tetragonal r.t. modification (space group P4{sub 2}/nmc, a = 1222.25(14), c = 872.1(2) pm, Z = 2, R1 = 0.0583) crystallizes in a supergroup of the orthorhombic l.t. (100 K) form (space group Pbcn, a = 1715.5, b = 866.76(3), c = 1715.50(7) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0160). In all structures, the cluster centered cubes are stacked to form columns along the short (∼ 870 pm) axis. These columns are themselves densely packed with 4 (both K compounds) and 6 (A = Rb) adjacent face-sharing columns. According to these

Enthalpies of the dissolution and dilution of aqueous solutions of rubidium and cesium diclofenac at 293.15-318.15 K

Science.gov (United States)

Manin, N. G.; Perlovich, G. L.; Fini, A.

2014-03-01

Enthalpies of the dissolution and dilution of aqueous solutions of rubidium and cesium diclofenac (RbDC and CsDC) are measured at 293.15, 298.15, 308.15, and 318.15 K at concentrations of water of less than 0.1 mol/kg. The heat capacity of RbDC and CsDC crystal salts is determined. Changes in the thermodynamic properties of both a solution and its components vs. concentration and temperature is considered. An increase in the endothermicity of the dissolution of RbDC and CsDC with a rise in temperature is noted. It is shown that the dissolution of both RbDC and CsDC electrolytes in water is determined by the contribution from entropy. It is shown that in aqueous solutions of RbDC and CsDC, the degree of binding of water molecules is higher than in pure water at temperatures below 303.15 K.

Evaluation of precision and accuracy of neutron activation analysis method of environmental samples analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wardani, Sri; Rina M, Th.; L, Dyah

2000-01-01

Evaluation of precision and accuracy of Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) method used by P2TRR performed by analyzed the standard reference samples from the National Institute of Environmental Study of Japan (NIES-CRM No.10 (rice flour) and the National Bureau of USA (NBS-SRM 1573a (tomato leave) by NAA method. In analyze the environmental SRM No.10 by NAA method in qualitatively could identified multi elements of contents, namely: Br, Ca, Co, CI, Cs, Gd, I, K< La, Mg, Mn, Na, Pa, Sb, Sm, Sr, Ta, Th, and Zn (19 elements) for SRM 1573a; As, Br, Cr, CI, Ce, Co, Cs, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, Mn, Mg, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Se, Sc, Sb, Ti, and Zn, (25 elements) for CRM No.10a; Ag, As, Br, Cr, CI, Ce, Cd, Co, Cs, Eu, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Th, TI, and Zn, (26 elements) for CRM No. 10b; As, Br, Co, CI, Ce, Cd, Ga, Hg, K, Mn, Mg, Mo, Na, Nb, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, TI, and Zn (20 elementary) for CRM No.10c. In the quantitatively analysis could determined only some element of sample contents, namely: As, Co, Cd, Mo, Mn, and Zn. From the result compared with NIES or NBS values attained with deviation of 3% ∼ 15%. Overall, the result shown that the method and facilities have a good capability, but the irradiation facility and the software of spectrometry gamma ray necessary to developing or seriously research perform

Hydrothermal synthesis and polymorphism of RbPr(MoO4)2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Protasova, V.I.; Kharchenko, L.Yu.; Klevtsov, P.V.

1977-01-01

Hydrothermal method has been successfully used to obtain crystals of rubidium-rare-earth molibdates of RbLn(MoO 4 ) 2 composition (Ln is a rare earth element). In Rb 2 MoO 4 solutions at 575-600degC the RbPr(MoO 4 ) 2 crystals were obtained in a modification new for Rb-Ln-molibdates, i.e. isostructural to triclinic α-KEu(MoO 4 ) 2 , and in a structural modification of laminated rhombic KY(MoO 4 ) 2 type. Polymorphism of RbPr(MoO 4 ) 2 has been studied, four crystalline modifications found and their complex interchanges investigated

The RB/E2F pathway and regulation of RNA processing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ahlander, Joseph [Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, 1007 East Lowell Street, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States); Bosco, Giovanni, E-mail: gbosco@email.arizona.edu [Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, 1007 East Lowell Street, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 (United States)

2009-07-03

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) is inactivated in a majority of cancers. RB restricts cell proliferation by inhibiting the E2F family of transcription factors. The current model for RB/E2F function describes its role in regulating transcription at gene promoters. Whether the RB or E2F proteins might play a role in gene expression beyond transcription initiation is not well known. This review describes evidence that points to a novel role for the RB/E2F network in the regulation of RNA processing, and we propose a model as a framework for future research. The elucidation of a novel role of RB in RNA processing will have a profound impact on our understanding of the role of this tumor suppressor family in cell and developmental biology.

On the knowledge of the (NH4)3SiF7 type of structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hofmann, B.; Hoppe, R.

1979-01-01

New obtained are Rb 3 SiF 7 (a = 7.95 9 ; c = 5.82 3 A), Cs 3 SiF 7 (a = 8.30 6 ; c = 6.17 0 A), Rb 3 TiF 7 (a = 8.20 2 ; c = 5.97 9 A), Cs 3 TiF 7 (a = 8.47 3 ; c = 6.31 3 A). and Cs 2 RbSiF 7 (a = 8.19 8 ; c = 6.01 9 A); Cs 2 KSiF 7 (a = 8.11 5 , c = 5.97 2 A), Rb 2 CsSiF 7 (a = 8.09 9 ; c = 5.89 9 A), Rb 2 KSiF 7 (a = 7.88 3 ; c = 5.72 4 A), all colourless, Rb 3 CrF 7 (a = 8.08 4 ; c = 5.90 2 A), Cs 3 CrF 7 (a 8.39 0 ; c = 6.24 7 A), both pink, K 3 MnF 7 (a = 11.14 6 ; b = 11.00 5 ; c = 5.63 1 A), Rb 3 MnF 7 (a = 8.05 0 ; c = 5.89 0 A), Cs 3 MnF 7 (a 8.36 9 ; c = 6.23 3 A), each lemon yellow, and Rb 3 NiF 7 (a = 7.97 8 ; c = 5.85 7 A) and Cs 3 NiF 7 (a = 8.30 7 ; c = 6.19 2 A), both bright carmine red. Proposals for structure, due to Guinier-Simon powder datas (Cu-Kα), are based on the assumption that these fluorides (K 3 MnF 7 exception) are isotypic with K 3 SiF 7 , P4/mbm. Calculations of the Madelung Part of Lattice Energy, MAPLE, confirm the adopted parameters of position. Effective Coordination Numbers, ECoN, calculated by use of Mean Fictive Ionic Radii, MEFIR, are calculated and discussed. Raman spectra indicate the presence of octahedral groups [MF 6 ] in case of Rb 3 SiF 7 , and Cs 3 TiF 7 . The magnetic behaviour of A 3 MnF 7 is measured (70-293 K). (author)

Physico-chemical characterisation data and sorption measurements of Cs, Ni, Eu, Th, U, Cl, I and Se on MX-80 bentonite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bradbury, M. H.; Baeyens, B.

2011-12-01

The Laboratory for Waste Management of the Nuclear Energy and Safety Research Department at the Paul Scherrer Institute is performing work to develop and test models as well as to acquire specific data relevant to performance assessments of Swiss radioactive waste repositories. These investigations are undertaken in close co-operation with, and with the financial support of, the National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste (Nagra). The present report describes the work carried out on MX-80 bentonite in support of Swiss radioactive waste performance assessment studies. With particular regard to Stage 2 of the Sectoral Plan for deep geological disposal, it was considered to be important to bring together in one document the information and results that have accrued over the years from both 'in house' studies and associated relevant literature data. The report gives a brief overview of the physico-chemical characteristics and porewater chemistry determined for MX-80 bentonite followed by the results of an extensive experimental sorption programme on the uptake of Cs(I), Ni(II), Eu(III), Th(IV), U(VI), CI(-I), I(-I) and Se(IV) on the same material. Sorption values are also given for K(I), Ca(II) and Sr(II) which were deduced from porewater chemistry modelling studies. The main aim of this work is to provide a compilation of experimental data on sorption isotherms for key radionuclides on MX-80 bentonite in the frame of the Swiss radioactive waste disposal programme. However, they also provide basic data sets to test the predictive capacity of mechanistic sorption models. In the first part of this work the mineralogy and physico-chemical characteristics of the MX-80 bentonite used in this work are presented: mineralogy, surface areas, sulphate and chloride inventories, CEC, cation occupancies, selectivity coefficients for K-Na, Mg-Na and Ca-Na exchange equilibria, amphoteric edge site capacities and protolysis constants and whole rock analyses (trace

Ouabain-sensitive Rb+ uptake in mouse eggs and preimplantation conceptuses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Winkle, L.J.; Campione, A.L.

1991-01-01

The results of histochemical and immunocytochemical studies have been used elsewhere to support the hypothesis that Na+/K(+)-ATPase expression is initiated or increases dramatically in preimplantation mouse conceptuses just before they begin to cavitate. Moreover, localization of the enzyme in the inner membrane of the mural trophoblast is thought to be involved directly in formation and maintenance of the blastocyst cavity. Presumably, Na+/K(+)-ATPase extrudes the cation, Na+, and therefore water into the cavity. The cation transporting activity of the enzyme can be determined by measuring ouabain-sensitive Rb+ uptake by cells. Therefore, we measured Rb+ uptake in mouse eggs and preimplantation conceptuses at various stages of development. 86Rb+ uptake by conceptuses increased linearly with time for at least 60 min in medium containing 0.7 mM total Rb+ plus K+ in the absence or presence of 1.0 mM ouabain, and ouabain inhibited more than 70% of 86Rb+ uptake. The ouabain concentration at 1/2 of maximum inhibition of the ouabain-sensitive component of 86Rb+ uptake was about 10-20 microM in eggs and conceptuses at all stages of preimplantation development. Moreover, ouabain-sensitive Rb+ uptake had a twofold higher Vmax value in blastocysts than in eggs or conceptuses at earlier stages of development (i.e., approximately 173 vs 70-100 fmole.conceptus-1.min-1), although the total cell surface area also was probably about two times greater in blastocysts than in eggs or other conceptuses. Ouabain-sensitive Rb+ transport in eggs and conceptuses may have occurred via a single ouabain-sensitive Rb+ transporter with a Hill coefficient of 1.5-1.8 (Hill plots). When it was assumed that the Hill coefficient had a value of 2.0, however, eggs and conceptuses appeared to contain at least two forms of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity

Nuclear RB research reactor. Thirty years of anniversary; Istrazhivacki nuklearni reaktor RB. Povodom 30 godina rada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pesic, M; Stefanovic, D [Institut za Nuklearne Nauke Boris Kidric, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1988-07-01

Nuclear research reactor RB in the Nuclear Engineering Laboratory - NET at the 'Boris Kidric' Institute of Nuclear Sciences in Vinca is the first reactor system built in Yugoslavia in 1958. This year is the thirtieth anniversary of the RB reactor operation, which has survived a series of modifications trying to follow a contemporary nuclear research directions. This report describes its basic technical characteristics and experimental possibilities. Especially, the modifications in the last 25 years are underlined, the experiences gained, and new plans for the future are presented. (author)

Calibration of RB reactor power

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sotic, O.; Markovic, H.; Ninkovic, M.; Strugar, P.; Dimitrijevic, Z.; Takac, S.; Stefanovic, D.; Kocic, A.; Vranic, S.

1976-09-01

The first and only calibration of RB reactor power was done in 1962, and the obtained calibration ratio was used irrespective of the lattice pitch and core configuration. Since the RB reactor is being prepared for operation at higher power levels it was indispensable to reexamine the calibration ratio, estimate its dependence on the lattice pitch, critical level of heavy water and thickness of the side reflector. It was necessary to verify the reliability of control and dosimetry instruments, and establish neutron and gamma dose dependence on reactor power. Two series of experiments were done in June 1976. First series was devoted to tests of control and dosimetry instrumentation and measurements of radiation in the RB reactor building dependent on reactor power. Second series covered measurement of thermal and epithermal neuron fluxes in the reactor core and calculation of reactor power. Four different reactor cores were chosen for these experiments. Reactor pitches were 8, 8√2, and 16 cm with 40, 52 and 82 fuel channels containing 2% enriched fuel. Obtained results and analysis of these results are presented in this document with conclusions related to reactor safe operation

RB research nuclear reactor, Annual report for 1982; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RB, Izvestaj o radu u 1981. godini

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Markovic, H; Pesic, M; Vranic, S; Petronijevic, M; Zivkovic, B [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1982-12-15

This report includes data concerned with reactor operation and utilization, status of reactor components and equipment, refurbishment of the equipment, dosimetry and radiation protection, reactor staff, financing. It includes 7 Annexes as follows: Maintenance of reactor equipment in 1982; contents of the RB reactor safety report; review of radiation doses in the reactor building and exposure doses for the reactor staff; utilization of the RB reactor in 1982; and financial data.

Human biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 82Rb.

Science.gov (United States)

Senthamizhchelvan, Srinivasan; Bravo, Paco E; Esaias, Caroline; Lodge, Martin A; Merrill, Jennifer; Hobbs, Robert F; Sgouros, George; Bengel, Frank M

2010-10-01

Prior estimates of radiation-absorbed doses from (82)Rb, a frequently used PET perfusion tracer, yielded discrepant results. We reevaluated (82)Rb dosimetry using human in vivo biokinetic measurements. Ten healthy volunteers underwent dynamic PET/CT (6 contiguous table positions, each with separate (82)Rb infusion). Source organ volumes of interest were delineated on the CT images and transferred to the PET images to obtain time-integrated activity coefficients. Radiation doses were estimated using OLINDA/EXM 1.0. The highest mean absorbed organ doses (μGy/MBq) were observed for the kidneys (5.81), heart wall (3.86), and lungs (2.96). Mean effective doses were 1.11 ± 0.22 and 1.26 ± 0.20 μSv/MBq using the tissue-weighting factors of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), publications 60 and 103, respectively. Our current (82)Rb dosimetry suggests reasonably low radiation exposure. On the basis of this study, a clinical (82)Rb injection of 2 × 1,480 MBq (80 mCi) would result in a mean effective dose of 3.7 mSv using the weighting factors of the ICRP 103-only slightly above the average annual natural background exposure in the United States (3.1 mSv).

86Rb Distribution in the Lung of the Rabbit with Pneumothorax

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huh, Kap To

1972-01-01

86 Rb uptake of some organs and tissues, eg. both lungs, both renal cortices. small intestine, liver and skeletal muscle were studied in the control and the rabbit subjected to pneumothorax. 86 Rb in the form of chloride mixed with physiological saline was intravenously injected. The doses were 100 μc for a rabbit. The rabbits were sacrificed at intervals of 10, 20, 40, and 60 seconds after the injection of 86 Rb, by the injection of saturated KCI solution. After scarification, the organ and tissue sample were quickly removed. 86 Rb uptake in gm of the organs and tissues were measured. On the basis of uptake value, administered doses and body weight, % dose/gm tissues per 200 gm body weight was calculated. Followings were the results: 1. Pneumothorax resulted in a marked elevation in 86 Rb uptake value of collapsed lung and returned to normal level lately. 2. Contralateral lung of pneumothorax also showed marked elevation in 86 Rb uptake value and recovered to normal level. 3. Initial 86 Rb uptake value of liver, small intestine of the rabbit with pneumothorax showed some elevation as compared to control, but that of late stage were similar with control. 4. Local blood flow determination by means of 86 Rb uptake were inadequate in the collapsed lung of pneumothorax. 5. It was suggested that the mechanism for the initial elevation of 86 Rb uptake value in each organs and tissue were different from each other.

RB1 mutation spectrum in a comprehensive nationwide cohort of retinoblastoma patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dommering, Charlotte J.; Mol, Berber M.; Moll, Annette C.; Burton, Margaret; Cloos, Jacqueline; Dorsman, Josephine C.; Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne; van der Hout, Annemarie H.

Background Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a childhood cancer of the retina, commonly initiated by biallelic inactivation of the RB1 gene. Knowledge of the presence of a heritable RB1 mutation can help in risk management and reproductive decision making. We report here on RB1 mutation scanning in a unique

Fast neutron fields at the RB reactor; Polja brzih neutron na reacktoru RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Strugar, P; Pesic, M; Dasic, N [Institut za nuklearne nauke Boris Kidric Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1984-07-01

Paper deals with the reasons and methods of realization of the RB neutron converters. The methods and results of neutron flux intensities and spectra measurements as well as gamma dose determination are presented. (author)

Research reactor RB, technical characteristics and experimental possibilities; Zbornik radova, Konferencija o koriscenju nuklearnih reaktora u Jugoslaviji

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sotic, O; Vranic, S [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Boris Kidric, Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1978-05-15

Nuclear research reactor RB tn the Nuclear Engineering Laboratory at the Institute of Nuclear Sciences 'Boris Kidric' in Vinca is the first reactor system built in Yugoslavia in 1958. In this report, the basic technical characteristics of this reactor are described, as well as the experimental possibilities it offers to the users. Its relatively simple construction and flexibility enables direct measurements of a series of physical parameters, and the absence of the biological protection shield makes it very useful for Various biological and other irradiations and dosimetric measurements Where strong neutron source is required. (author) Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RB u Laboratoriji za nuklearnu energetiku i tehnicku fiziku Instituta za nuklearne nauke 'Boris Kidric' u Vinci je prvi reaktorski sistem izgradjen u Jugooslaviji 1958. godine. U ovom radu opisane su osnovne tehnicke karakteristike tog reaktora, kao i mogucnosti za izvodjenje eksperimenata koje on pruza korisnicima. Njegova relativno jednostavna konstrukcija i fleksibilnost omogucavaju da se na njemu izvrse direktna merenja niza fizickih parametara, a s druge strane odsustvo bioloskog zastitnog omotaca cini ga veoma pogodnim za razna bioloska i druga ozracivanja, a takodje i dozimetrijska merenja gde se zahteva snazan izvor neutrona. (author)

Rattling motion in β-pyrochlore compounds explored by the millimeter-wave conductivity measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maeda, Atsutaka; Oba, Kentaro; Imai, Yoshinori; Yamaura, Jun-ichi; Hiroi, Zenji

2010-01-01

Complex conductivity is investigated at 19 GHz and 44 GHz in the normal state in β-pyrochlore materials, AOs 2 O 6 (A = Cs, Rb and K). In Cs material, large enhancement of the quasiparticle (QP) scattering time, τ, is observed at low temperatures, whereas there is no such enhancement in Rb and K materials. This indicates that rattling motion is absent in Cs material, whether in K and Rb materials it plays the role as a scatterer for QPs. In Rb materials, we find charge excitation possibly originated from the rattling motion.

Synthesis and Characterization of the Rubidium Thiophosphate Rb 6 (PS 5 )(P 2 S 10 ) and the Rubidium Silver Thiophosphates Rb 2 AgPS 4 , RbAg 5 (PS 4 ) 2 and Rb 3 Ag 9 (PS 4 ) 4

KAUST Repository

Alahmary, Fatimah S.

2016-02-18

The metal thiophosphates Rb2AgPS4 (2), RbAg5(PS4)2 (3), and Rb3Ag9(PS4)4 (4) were synthesized by stoichiometric reactions, whereas Rb6(PS5)(P2S10) (1) was prepared with excess amount of sulfur. The compounds crystallize as follows: 1 monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 17.0123(7) Å, b = 6.9102(2) Å, c = 23.179(1) Å, β = 94.399(4)°; 2 triclinic, P ¯ (no. 2), a = 6.600(1) Å, b = 6.856(1) Å, c = 10.943(3) Å, α = 95.150(2)°, β = 107.338(2)°, γ = 111.383(2)°; 3 orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 12.607(1) Å, b = 12.612(1) Å, c = 17.759(2) Å; 4 orthorhombic, Pbcm (no. 57), a = 6.3481(2) Å, b = 12.5782(4) Å, c = 35.975(1) Å. The crystal structures contain discrete units, chains, and 3D polyanionic frameworks composed of PS4 tetrahedral units arranged and connected in different manner. Compounds 1-3 melt congruently, whereas incongruent melting behavior was observed for compound 4. 1-4 are semiconductors with bandgaps between 2.3 and 2.6 eV and thermally stable up to 450 °C in an inert atmosphere. Copyright © 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Development of proton-induced x-ray emission techniques with application to multielement analyses of human autopsy tissues and obsidian artifacts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nielson, K.K.

1975-01-01

A method of trace element analysis using proton-induced x-ray emission (PIXE) techniques with energy dispersive x-ray detection methods is described. Data were processed using the computer program ANALEX. PIXE analysis methods were applied to the analysis of liver, spleen, aorta, kidney medulla, kidney cortex, abdominal fat, pancreas, and hair from autopsies of Pima Indians. Tissues were freeze dried and low temperature ashed before analysis. Concentrations were tabulated for K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Cd, and Cs and examined for significant differences related to diabetes. Concentrations of Ca and Sr in aorta, Fe and Rb in spleen and Mn in liver had different patterns in diabetics than in nondiabetics. High Cs concentrations were also observed in the kidneys of two subjects who died of renal disorders. Analyses by atomic absorption and PIXE methods were compared. PIXE methods were also applied to elemental analysis of obsidian artifacts from Campeche, Mexico. Based on K, Ba, Mn, Fe, Rb, Sr and Zr concentrations, the artifacts were related to several Guatemalan sources. (Diss. Abstr. Int., B)

Use of chemical elements of 1A family by tropical tree species

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carmo, Andrius M.J.; Paiva, Jose Daniel S. de; Magalhaes, Marcelo R.L. de; Franca, Elvis J. de; Hazin, Clovis A.; Bacchi, Marcio A.; Fernandes, Elisabete A.N.

2013-01-01

This study aims to evaluate the distribution of K, Rb and Cs in leaves of trees of the Atlantic Forest through studies of correlation between the chemical elements. For this, we used the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis for the quantification of the chemical elements. The concentration ranges found were 6700-24000 mg / kg for K, 16 to 72mg / kg for Rb and 0.08 to 0,92mg / kg for Cs. As Rb has chemical similarity to K, is easily absorbed by plants, leading to a high value (0.9) of the Pearson correlation. For the correlation between K and Cs, no significant values were detected except for some species of the Myrtaceae family. However, average correlations (0.6 < r <0.8) between Rb-Cs were obtained for seven plant species of different families. The absence of a specific pattern using of K, Rb and Cs by plants showed great complexity in the distribution of chemical elements in the ecosystem

Use of chemical elements of 1A family by tropical tree species; Uso de elementos quimicos da familia 1A por especies arboreas tropicais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carmo, Andrius M.J.; Paiva, Jose Daniel S. de; Magalhaes, Marcelo R.L. de; Franca, Elvis J. de; Hazin, Clovis A., E-mail: ejfranca@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil); Bacchi, Marcio A.; Fernandes, Elisabete A.N., E-mail: mabacchi@cena.usp.br [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil).

2013-07-01

This study aims to evaluate the distribution of K, Rb and Cs in leaves of trees of the Atlantic Forest through studies of correlation between the chemical elements. For this, we used the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis for the quantification of the chemical elements. The concentration ranges found were 6700-24000 mg / kg for K, 16 to 72mg / kg for Rb and 0.08 to 0,92mg / kg for Cs. As Rb has chemical similarity to K, is easily absorbed by plants, leading to a high value (0.9) of the Pearson correlation. For the correlation between K and Cs, no significant values were detected except for some species of the Myrtaceae family. However, average correlations (0.6 Rb-Cs were obtained for seven plant species of different families. The absence of a specific pattern using of K, Rb and Cs by plants showed great complexity in the distribution of chemical elements in the ecosystem.

Optical pumping in a microfabricated Rb vapor cell using a microfabricated Rb discharge light source

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Venkatraman, V.; Kang, S.; Affolderbach, C.; Mileti, G.; Shea, H.

2014-01-01

Miniature ( 3 ) vapor-cell based devices using optical pumping of alkali atoms, such as atomic clocks and magnetometers, today mostly employ vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers as pump light sources. Here, we report on the demonstration of optical pumping in a microfabricated alkali vapor resonance cell using (1) a microfabricated Rb discharge lamp light source, as well as (2) a conventional glass-blown Rb discharge lamp. The microfabricated Rb lamp cell is a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) light source, having the same inner cell volume of around 40 mm 3 as that of the resonance cell, both filled with suitable buffer gases. A miniature (∼2 cm 3 volume) test setup based on the M z magnetometer interrogation technique was used for observation of optical-radiofrequency double-resonance signals, proving the suitability of the microfabricated discharge lamp to introduce efficient optical pumping. The pumping ability of this light source was found to be comparable to or even better than that of a conventional glass-blown lamp. The reported results indicate that the micro-fabricated DBD discharge lamp has a high potential for the development of a new class of miniature atomic clocks, magnetometers, and quantum sensors

75 FR 51654 - Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc (RR) RB211-22B and RB211-524 Series Turbofan Engines

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-23

... Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc (RR) RB211-22B and RB211-524 Series Turbofan Engines AGENCY: Federal... that air safety and the public interest require adopting the AD as proposed. Costs of Compliance Based... labor rate is $85 per work-hour. Required parts will cost about $15,000 per product. Based on these...

Local Electrical Response in Alkaline-Doped Electrodeposited CuInSe2/Cu Films

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier A. Barón-Miranda

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The local electrical response in alkaline-doped CuInSe2 films prepared by single-step electrodeposition onto Cu substrates was studied by current-sensing atomic force microscopy. The CuInSe2 (CIS films were prepared from single baths containing the dopant ions (Li, Na, K or Cs and were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and photocurrent response. Increased crystallinity and surface texturing as the ion size increased were observed, as well as an enhanced photocurrent response in Cs-doped CIS. Li- and Na-doped films had larger conductivity than the undoped film while the K- and Cs-doped samples displayed shorter currents and the current images indicated strong charge accumulation in the K- and Cs-doped films, forming surface capacitors. Corrected current-sensing AFM IV curves were adjusted with the Shockley equation.

Biosafety of parenteral Brucella abortus RB51 vaccine in bison calves

Science.gov (United States)

Roffe, T.J.; Olsen, S.C.; Gidlewski, T.; Jensen, A.E.; Palmer, M.V.; Huber, R.

1999-01-01

Vaccination is considered among the primary management tools for reducing brucellosis prevalence in Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) ungulates. Before their use, however, vaccine safety and efficacy must be demonstrated. Twenty-seven female bison (Bison bison) calves (approx 5 months old) were vaccinated with Brucella abortus Strain RB51 (1.5 x 1010 colony forming units [CFU], subcutaneously) as part of routine management. We assessed the persistence, pathology, shedding, and transmission associated with RB51 by serial necropsy, bacteriology, histopathology, and serology of 20 of these 27 vaccinated calves, and RB51 serology of 10 nonvaccinated, commingling adult females. With the exception of 1 calf, RB51 dot-blot titers at necropsy were <1:80. Strain RB51 was cultured from lymph nodes in 4 of 4 calves at 14 weeks postvaccination (PV), 4 of 4 calves at 18 weeks PV, 1 of 4 calves at 22 weeks PV, 3 of 4 at 26 weeks PV, and 0 of 4 calves at 30 weeks PV. No gross lesions were observed. Mild histologic changes occurred only in a few draining lymph nodes early in sampling. Adverse clinical effects were not observed in vaccinates. Swabs from nasopharynx, conjunctiva, rectum, and vagina were uniformly culture negative for RB51. Strain RB51 dot-blot assays of bison cows were negative at a 1:20 dilution at 26 weeks PV. Our results suggest that RB51 persists longer in bison calves than in domestic cattle and is systemically distributed within lymphatic tissues. However, bison apparently clear the RB51 vaccine strain without shedding, transmission, or significant adverse reactions.

Absolute transition intensities in decay of 92Rb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lhersonneau, G.; Rizzi, V.; Barzakh, A.

2005-01-01

In a first step studied the evolution of the ion current of 92 Rb and 94 Sr produced by surface ionisation versus temperature. Ratios of peak areas of γ lines emitted in Sr (1428 keV) and Rb (837 keV) decays are shown. The temperature is decreased from working conditions until the ion currents become very weak. The plateau at low temperature can be understood by the fact that Sr is not ionised anymore and there is no more decease possible. Then, the only contribution to the Sr decay peak is from the decay of Rb collected before transport of the activity to the counting station

RB research nuclear reactor - Annual report for 1986, I - III

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Markovic, H.; Pesic, M.; Vranic, S.; Petronijevic, M.; Jevremovic, M.; Ilic, I.

1987-01-01

This report includes data concerning the RB reactor operation in 1986, state of the reactor components, data about the employed personnel and the database of experimental and other reactor related devices. It is made of 3 parts: Engineering description and operation of the RB reactor including dosimetry, reactor staff data and financial report; Reactor facility components and maintenance; RB reactor operation and utilization in 1986 [sr

Deregulation of the RB pathway in human testicular germ cell tumours

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bartkova, Jirina; Lukas, Claudia; Sørensen, Claus S

2003-01-01

Deregulation of the RB pathway is shared by most human malignancies. Components upstream of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor (pRB), namely the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, the D-type cyclins, their partner kinases CDK4/CDK6, and pRB as their critical substrate...

Research Project 'RB research nuclear reactor' (operation and maintenance), Final report; Naucnoistrazivacki projekt 'Istrazivacki nuclearni reaktor RB, (pogon i odrzavanje), Zavrsni elaborat projekta

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-07-01

This final report covers operation and maintenance activities at the RB reactor during period from 1981-1985. First part covers the RB reactor operation, detailed description of reactor components, fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, cooling system, equipment and instrumentation, auxiliary systems. It contains data concerned with dosimetry and radiation protection, reactor staff, and financial data. Second part deals maintenance, regular control and testing of reactor equipment and instrumentation. Third part is devoted to basic experimental options and utilization of the RB reactor including training.

The immunological response of RB51 vaccinated buffalo calves ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

radosova

2011-09-07

Sep 7, 2011 ... Consequently, cattle vaccinated with RB51 do not sero- convert on conventional .... 1997), iELISAs using a 5% optical density heat-killed whole RB51 .... In: Yousef MK (Ed.), Stress Physiology in Livestock,. Ungulates, vol. 2.

Chitosan hydrogel beads impregnated with hexadecylamine for improved reactive blue 4 adsorption.

Science.gov (United States)

Vakili, Mohammadtaghi; Rafatullah, Mohd; Ibrahim, Mahamad Hakimi; Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi; Salamatinia, Babak; Gholami, Zahra

2016-02-10

Adsorption performance of chitosan (CS) hydrogel beads was investigated after impregnation of CS with hexadecylamine (HDA) as a cationic surfactant, for the elimination of reactive blue 4 (RB4) from wastewater. The CS/HDA beads formed with 3.8% HDA were the most effective adsorbent. The adsorption capacity was increased by 1.43 times from 317 mg/g (CS) to 454 mg/g (CS/HDA). The RB4 removal increased with decrease in the pH of dye solution from 4 to 9. The isotherm data obtained from RB4 adsorption on CS and CS/HDA are adequately described by Freundlich model (R(2)=0.946 and 0.934, χ(2)=22.414 and 64.761). The kinetic study revealed that the pseudo-second-order rate model (R(2)=0.996 and 0.997) was in better agreement with the experimental data. The negative values of ΔG° (-2.28 and -6.30 kJ/mol) and ΔH° (-172.18 and -101.62 kJ/mol) for CS beads and HDA modified CS beads, respectively; suggested a spontaneous and exothermic process for RB4 adsorption. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

RB research nuclear reactor, Annual report for 1981

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Markovic, H.; Sotic, O.; Pesic, M.; Vranic, S.; Zivkovic, B.; Bogdanovic, M.; Petronijevic, M.

1981-01-01

The annual report for 1981 includes the following: utilization of the RB reactor; accident and incidents analysis; description of the reactor equipment status; dosimetry and radiation protection; RB reactor staff; financial data. Seven Annexes to this report are concerned with: maintenance of the reactor components and equipment, including nuclear fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, heavy water coolant circuit, experimental platforms, absorption rods; maintenance of the electric power supply system, neutron source equipment, crane; control and maintenance of ventilation and heating systems, gas and comprised gas systems, fire protection system; plan for renewal of the reactor components; contents of the RB reactor safety report; reactor staff; review of measured radiation doses; experimental methods; training of the staff; and financial report

Chemical State of Radiobromine Formed by the Rb{sup 85}(n, {alpha}) Br{sup 82} Reaction; Etat Chimique Du Ra Diobrome Forme Par La Reaction {sup 85}Rb (n, {alpha}) {sup 82}Br; 0425 0418 041c 0418 0427 0415 0421 041a 041e 0415 0421 041e 0421 0422 041e 042f 041d 0418 0415 0420 0410 0414 0418 041e 0410 041a 0422 0418 0412 041d 041e 0413 041e 0411 0420 041e 041c 0410 , 041e 0411 0420 0410 0417 041e 0412 0410 041d 041d 041e 0413 041e 041f 0420 0418 0420 0415 0410 041a 0426 0418 0418 Rb{sup 85}(n, {alpha}) Br{sup 82}; Estado Quimico Del Radiobromo Formado Por La Reaccion {sup 85}Rb (n, {alpha}) {sup 82}Br

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vlatkovic, M.; Kauiic, S. [' ' Ruder Boskovic' ' Institute, Zagreb, Yugoslavia (Croatia)

1965-04-15

'oxydation superieur (BrO{sup -}{sub 3}) et inferieur (Br{sup -}, Br{sub 2}, BrO{sup -}), du radiobrome produit par la reaction nucleaire {sup 85}Rb(n, {alpha}) {sup 82}Br dans des composes inorganiques solides du rubidium. Les echantillons de Rb{sub 2}SO{sub 4}, Rb{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 8}, RbMnO{sub 4}, RbNO{sub 3}, Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} et RblO{sub 3} ont ete exposes a des neutrons de 14 MeV dans un generateur de neutrons. Il est apparu que dans le cas du Rb{sub 2}SO{sub 4} irradie a la temperature ambiante ou a -195 Degree-Sign C, environ 8% de l'activite totale du {sup 82}Br se trouvaient dans la fraction bromate, le reste de l'activite ayant suivi la fraction bromure. L'irradiation de RbMnO{sub 4} et de RbNO{sub 3} a la temperature ambiante a produit environ 1% d'activite dans l'etat superieur d'oxydation du brome alors que pour Rb{sub 2S2}O{sub 8}, Rb{sub 2}CO{sub 3} et RbIO{sub 3} on n'a pu mesurer l'activite que dans la fraction bromure. On a observe un leger accroissement de l'activite du bromate lorsque Rb{sub 2}SO{sub 4} expose aux neutrons a ete chauffe jusqu'a 250 Degree-Sign C. Aux temperatures plus elevees (jusqu'a 500 Degree-Sign C) , l'activite est passee dans l'etat d'oxydation inferieur. Le chauffage du RbMnO{sub 4} et du RbNO{sub 3} irradies n'a pas provoque d'oxydation du brome actif. Dans le cas de RbNO{sub 3}, une dose gamma de 22 Mrads prealable a l'irradiation n'a eu aucun effet sur la distribution des atomes de brome de recul, mais l'analyse d'echantillons de Rb{sub 2}SO{sub 4} prealablement exposes aux rayons gamma (55 Mrads) a montre que l'activite du bromate etait plus elevee dans ces echantillons que dans des echantillons qui n'avaient ete que seches a 150 Degree-Sign C avant exposition aux neutrons. En conclusion, les auteurs mettent l'accent sur l'importance que presente la constitution chimique de la cible et des milieux non isotopiques en ce qui concerne la distribution des atomes de {sup 82}Br de haute energie et leur inaptitude au recuit dans les

Optical pumping in a microfabricated Rb vapor cell using a microfabricated Rb discharge light source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Venkatraman, V.; Kang, S.; Affolderbach, C.; Mileti, G., E-mail: gaetano.mileti@unine.ch [Laboratoire Temps-Fréquence, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel 2000 (Switzerland); Shea, H. [Microsystems for Space Technologies Laboratory, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Neuchâtel 2002 (Switzerland)

2014-02-03

Miniature (Rb discharge lamp light source, as well as (2) a conventional glass-blown Rb discharge lamp. The microfabricated Rb lamp cell is a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) light source, having the same inner cell volume of around 40 mm{sup 3} as that of the resonance cell, both filled with suitable buffer gases. A miniature (∼2 cm{sup 3} volume) test setup based on the M{sub z} magnetometer interrogation technique was used for observation of optical-radiofrequency double-resonance signals, proving the suitability of the microfabricated discharge lamp to introduce efficient optical pumping. The pumping ability of this light source was found to be comparable to or even better than that of a conventional glass-blown lamp. The reported results indicate that the micro-fabricated DBD discharge lamp has a high potential for the development of a new class of miniature atomic clocks, magnetometers, and quantum sensors.

First-principles study of paraelectric and ferroelectric CsH2PO4 including dispersion forces: Stability and related vibrational, dielectric, and elastic properties

Science.gov (United States)

Van Troeye, Benoit; van Setten, Michiel Jan; Giantomassi, Matteo; Torrent, Marc; Rignanese, Gian-Marco; Gonze, Xavier

2017-01-01

Using density functional theory (DFT) and density functional perturbation theory (DFPT), we investigate the stability and response functions of CsH2PO4 , a ferroelectric material at low temperature. This material cannot be described properly by the usual (semi)local approximations within DFT. The long-range e--e- correlation needs to be properly taken into account, using, for instance, Grimme's DFT-D methods, as investigated in this work. We find that DFT-D3(BJ) performs the best for the members of the dihydrogenated alkali phosphate family (KH2PO4 , RbH2PO4 , CsH2PO4 ), leading to experimental lattice parameters reproduced with an average deviation of 0.5%. With these DFT-D methods, the structural, dielectric, vibrational, and mechanical properties of CsH2PO4 are globally in excellent agreement with the available experiments (<2 % MAPE for Raman-active phonons). Our study suggests the possible existence of a new low-temperature phase of CsH2PO4 , not yet reported experimentally. Finally, we report the implementation of DFT-D contributions to elastic constants within DFPT.

Local structure of Rb2Li4(SeO4)3·2H2O by the modeling of X-ray diffuse scattering — from average-structure to microdomain model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Komornicka, Dorota; Wołcyrz, Marek; Pietraszko, Adam

2012-01-01

Local structure of dirubidium tetralithium tris(selenate(VI)) dihydrate — Rb 2 Li 4 (SeO 4 ) 3 · 2H 2 O has been determined basing on the modeling of X-ray diffuse scattering. The origin of observed structured diffuse streaks is SeO 4 tetrahedra switching between two alternative positions in two quasi-planar layers existing in each unit cell and formation of domains with specific SeO 4 tetrahedra configuration locally fulfilling condition for C-centering in the 2a×2b×c superstructure cell. The local structure solution is characterized by a uniform distribution of rather large domains (ca. thousand of unit cells) in two layers, but also monodomains can be taken into account. Inside a single domain SeO 4 tetrahedra are ordered along ab-diagonal forming two-string ribbons. Inside the ribbons SeO 4 and LiO 4 tetrahedra share the oxygen corners, whereas ribbons are bound to each other by a net of hydrogen bonds and fastened by corner sharing SeO 4 tetrahedra of the neighboring layers. - Graphical abstract: Experimental sections of the reciprocal space showing diffraction effects observed for RLSO. Bragg spots are visible on sections with integer indices (1 kl section — on the left), streaks — on sections with fractional ones (1.5 kl section — on the right). At the center: resulting local structure of the A package modeled as a microdomain: two-string ribbons of ordered oxygen-corners-sharing SeO 4 and LiO 4 terahedra extended along ab-diagonal are seen; ribbons are bound by hydrogen bonds (shown in pink); the multiplied 2a×2b unit cell is shown. Highlights: ► X-ray diffuse scattering in RLSO was registered and modeled. ► The origin of diffuse streaks is SeO 4 tetrahedra switching in two structure layers. ► The local structure is characterized by a uniform distribution of microdomains. ► Inside a single domain SeO 4 tetrahedra are ordered along ab-diagonal forming ribbons. ► The ribbons are bound to each other by a net of hydrogen bonds.

Intermediate-range chemical ordering of cations in molten RbCl-AgCl

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tahara, S. [Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213 (Japan); Research and Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI, SPring-8), Hyogo 679-5198 (Japan); Kawakita, Y. [J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Shimakura, H. [Faculty of Pharmacy, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603 (Japan); Ohara, K. [Research and Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI, SPring-8), Hyogo 679-5198 (Japan); Fukami, T. [Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0213 (Japan); Takeda, S. [Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581 (Japan)

2015-07-28

A first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) is observed in the X-ray total structure factor of a molten mixture of RbCl-AgCl, while both pure melts of RbCl and AgCl do not exhibit FSDP individually. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the origin of the FSDP with the polarizable ion model (PIM). Coexistence of covalent Ag–Cl and ionic Rb–Cl bonds leads the system to evolve intermediate range ordering, which is simulated by introducing the induced polarization in different ways between Ag–Cl with fully polarizable treatment based on Vashishta-Raman potential and Rb–Cl with suppression over-polarization in the nearest neighbor contribution based on Born-Meyer potential. The partial structure factors for both the Ag–Ag and Rb–Rb correlations, S{sub AgAg}(Q) and S{sub RbRb}(Q), show a positive contribution to the FSDP, while S{sub AgRb}(Q) for the Ag–Rb correlation exhibits a negative contribution, indicating that Ag and Rb ions are distributed in an alternating manner within the intermediate-range length scale. The origin of the intermediate-range chemical ordering of cations can be ascribed to the preferred direction of the dipole moments of anions in the PIM.

Immunohistochemical study of p53, pRb, p16 in esophageal cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zo, Jae Ill; Zo, Kyung Ja; Park, Jong Ho; Kim, Mi Hee

1998-01-01

To confirm the expression of molecular genetic alterations of p53, pRb, p16 in esophageal cancer and to investigate the expression of p53, pRb, p16 in esophageal cancer according to the pathologic steps of carcinogenesis, immuno-histochemistry was performed in 15 resected esophageal cancer specimens with multiple separated lesions after pathologic mapping. The accumulation of mutant p53 was observed in 60 % of dysplasia and 47 % of invasive cancer, while pRb was not detected in 91 % of dysplasia and 72.7 % of invasive cancer. But p16 was not observed in 0 % in dysplasia and 7 % of invasive cancer. But p16 was not observed in 0 % in dysplasia and 28.6 % in invasive cancer. There was no simultaneous negative pRb and p16 expression. There was no relations between p53 and p16, pRb. As a results, the expression of p53, pRb, p16 was co-related well with molecular genetic changes and inactivation of p53, pRb, p16 was co-related well with molecular genetic changes and inactivation of p53 and pRb was common and early event in esophageal carcinogenesis in Korea, but inactivation of p16 was a infrequent change. (author). 17 refs., 2 tabs., 7 figs

Intermediate-range chemical ordering of cations in molten RbCl-AgCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tahara, S.; Kawakita, Y.; Shimakura, H.; Ohara, K.; Fukami, T.; Takeda, S.

2015-01-01

A first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) is observed in the X-ray total structure factor of a molten mixture of RbCl-AgCl, while both pure melts of RbCl and AgCl do not exhibit FSDP individually. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the origin of the FSDP with the polarizable ion model (PIM). Coexistence of covalent Ag–Cl and ionic Rb–Cl bonds leads the system to evolve intermediate range ordering, which is simulated by introducing the induced polarization in different ways between Ag–Cl with fully polarizable treatment based on Vashishta-Raman potential and Rb–Cl with suppression over-polarization in the nearest neighbor contribution based on Born-Meyer potential. The partial structure factors for both the Ag–Ag and Rb–Rb correlations, S AgAg (Q) and S RbRb (Q), show a positive contribution to the FSDP, while S AgRb (Q) for the Ag–Rb correlation exhibits a negative contribution, indicating that Ag and Rb ions are distributed in an alternating manner within the intermediate-range length scale. The origin of the intermediate-range chemical ordering of cations can be ascribed to the preferred direction of the dipole moments of anions in the PIM

Thermal investigation of alkali metal hexacyanoruthenate (2)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okorskaya, A.P.; Sergeeva, A.N.; Pavlenko, L.I.; Semenishin, D.I.

1978-01-01

Thermal stability of Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs hexacyanoruthenates has been investigated. It has been established, that thermal decomposition of complexes depends upon outer spherical cations; complex compound stability decreasing with the rize of cation ionization potential. According to their thermal stability, alkali metal hexacyanoruthenates can be placed in the following row: Li < Na < K < Rb < Cs. Decomposition of Na, Rb and Cs complexes is accompanied by formation of thermally stable cyanides of these metals

RbCuFe(PO42

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mongi Ben Amara

2013-08-01

Full Text Available A new iron phosphate, rubidium copper(II iron(III bis(phosphate, RbCuFe(PO42, has been synthesized as single crystals by the flux method. This compound is isostructural with KCuFe(PO42 [Badri et al. (2011, J. Solid State Chem. 184, 937–944]. Its structure is built up from Cu2O8 units of edge-sharing CuO5 polyhedra, interconnected by FeO6 octahedra through common corners to form undulating chains that extend infinitely along the [011] and [01-1] directions. The linkage of such chains is ensured by the PO4 tetraedra and the resulting three-dimensional framework forms quasi-elliptic tunnels parallel to the [101] direction in which the Rb+ cations are located.

CENPA overexpression promotes genome instability in pRb-depleted human cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lentini Laura

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Aneuploidy is a hallmark of most human cancers that arises as a consequence of chromosomal instability and it is frequently associated with centrosome amplification. Functional inactivation of the Retinoblastoma protein (pRb has been indicated as a cause promoting chromosomal instability as well centrosome amplification. However, the underlying molecular mechanism still remains to be clarified. Results Here we show that pRb depletion both in wild type and p53 knockout HCT116 cells was associated with the presence of multipolar spindles, anaphase bridges, lagging chromosomes and micronuclei harbouring whole chromosomes. In addition aneuploidy caused by pRb acute loss was not affected by p53 loss. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR showed that pRB depletion altered expression of genes involved in centrosome duplication, kinetochore assembly and in the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC. However, despite MAD2 up-regulation pRb-depleted cells seemed to have a functional SAC since they arrested in mitosis after treatments with mitotic poisons. Moreover pRb-depleted HCT116 cells showed BRCA1 overexpression that seemed responsible for MAD2 up-regulation. Post-transcriptional silencing of CENPA by RNA interference, resulting in CENP-A protein levels similar to those present in control cells greatly reduced aneuploid cell numbers in pRb-depleted cells. Conclusion Altogether our findings indicate a novel aspect of pRb acute loss that promotes aneuploidy mainly by inducing CENPA overexpression that in turn might induce micronuclei by affecting the correct attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores.

Origin of the earth's moon: constraints from alkali volatile trace elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kreutzberger, M.E.; Drake, M.J.; Jones, J.H.

1986-01-01

Although the Moon is depleted in volatile elements compared to the Earth, these depletions are not in accord with simple volatility. For example, the Cs/Rb ratios of the Earth and Moon inferred from basalts are approximately one seventh and one half of the CI ratio, respectively. Volatility considerations alone predict that the lunar Cs/Rb ratio should be equal to or lower than the terrestrial ratio if the Moon was derived entirely from Earth mantle material. Thus hypotheses such as rotational fission which invoke derivation of lunar material entirely from the Earth's mantle may be excluded. The collisional ejection hypothesis of lunar origin requires at least 18% of lunar material to be derived from a projectile with dehydrated CI composition to match the lunar Cs/Rb ratio, and 25% to 50% to match both the lunar Cs/Rb ratio and absolute concentrations of Cs and Rb. It remains to be demonstrated that this relatively large contribution of projectile material is consistent with other elemental abundances and element ratios in the Moon. (author)

Physico-chemical characterisation data and sorption measurements of Cs, Ni, Eu, Th, U, Cl, I and Se on MX-80 bentonite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bradbury, M. H.; Baeyens, B.

2011-12-01

This report describes the work carried out in the Laboratory for Waste Management of the Nuclear Energy and Safety Research Department at the Paul Scherrer Institut on MX-80 bentonite in support of Swiss radioactive waste performance assessment studies. With particular regard to Stage 2 of the Sectoral Plan for Deep Geological Disposal, it was considered to be important to bring together in one document the information and results that have accrued over the years from both 'in house' studies and associated relevant literature data. The report gives a brief overview of the physicochemical characteristics and porewater chemistry determined for MX-80 bentonite followed by the results of an extensive experimental sorption programme on the uptake of Cs(I), Ni(II), Eu(III), Th(IV), U(VI), Cl(-I), I(-I) and Se(IV) on the same material. Sorption values are also given for K(I), Ca(II) and Sr(II) which were deduced from porewater chemistry modelling studies. (authors)

Instrumental activation analysis of molybdenites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geisler, M.; Schelhorn, H.

1981-01-01

Na, K, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Se, Rb, Ag, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Eu, Yb, Hf, W, Re, and Th have been determined in 6 molybdenite samples by instrumental activation analysis. The samples were of different origin and showed K, Sc, W, and Re values with differences of more than two orders of magnitude, whereas Sc values were within one order of magnitude

Antibodies derived from an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adhesin tip MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) against adherence of nine ETEC adhesins: CFA/I, CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6, CS21 and EtpA.

Science.gov (United States)

Nandre, Rahul M; Ruan, Xiaosai; Duan, Qiangde; Sack, David A; Zhang, Weiping

2016-06-30

Diarrhea continues to be a leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years in developing countries. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading bacterial cause of children's diarrhea and travelers' diarrhea. ETEC bacteria initiate diarrheal disease by attaching to host receptors at epithelial cells and colonizing in small intestine. Therefore, preventing ETEC attachment has been considered the first line of defense against ETEC diarrhea. However, developing vaccines effectively against ETEC bacterial attachment encounters challenge because ETEC strains produce over 23 immunologically heterogeneous adhesins. In this study, we applied MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) approach to integrate epitopes from adhesin tips or adhesive subunits of CFA/I, CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6, CS21 and EtpA adhesins and to construct an adhesin tip MEFA peptide. We then examined immunogenicity of this tip MEFA in mouse immunization, and assessed potential application of this tip MEFA for ETEC vaccine development. Data showed that mice intraperitoneally immunized with this adhesin tip MEFA developed IgG antibody responses to all nine ETEC adhesins. Moreover, ETEC and E. coli bacteria expressing these nine adhesins, after incubation with serum of the immunized mice, exhibited significant reduction in attachment to Caco-2 cells. These results indicated that anti-adhesin antibodies induced by this adhesin tip MEFA blocked adherence of the most important ETEC adhesins, suggesting this multivalent tip MEFA may be useful for developing a broadly protective anti-adhesin vaccine against ETEC diarrhea. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Molecular CsF{sub 5} and CsF{sub 2}{sup +}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rogachev, Andrey Yu. [Illinois Institute of Technology, IL (United States). Dept. of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Miao, Mao-sheng [California State Univ., Northridge, CA (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Beijing Computational Science Research Center (China); Merino, Gabriel [Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Merida (Mexico). Dept. de Fisica Aplicada; Hoffmann, Roald [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology

2015-07-06

D{sub 5h} star-like CsF{sub 5}, formally isoelectronic with known XeF{sub 5}{sup -} ion, is computed to be a local minimum on the potential energy surface of CsF{sub 5}, surrounded by reasonably large activation energies for its exothermic decomposition to CsF + 2F{sub 2}, or to CsF{sub 3} (three isomeric forms) + F{sub 2}, or for rearrangement to a significantly more stable isomer, a classical Cs{sup +} complex of F{sub 5}{sup -}. Similarly the CsF{sub 2}{sup +} ion is computed to be metastable in two isomeric forms. In the more symmetrical structures of these molecules there is definite involvement in bonding of the formally core 5p levels of Cs.

He 3 -Xe 129 Comagnetometery using Rb 87 Detection and Decoupling

Science.gov (United States)

Limes, M. E.; Sheng, D.; Romalis, M. V.

2018-01-01

We describe a He 3 -Xe 129 comagnetometer using Rb 87 atoms for noble-gas spin polarization and detection. We use a train of Rb 87 π pulses and σ+/σ- optical pumping to realize a finite-field Rb magnetometer with suppression of spin-exchange relaxation. We suppress frequency shifts from polarized Rb by measuring the He 3 and Xe 129 spin precession frequencies in the dark, while applying π pulses along two directions to depolarize Rb atoms. The plane of the π pulses is rotated to suppress the Bloch-Siegert shifts for the nuclear spins. We measure the ratio of He 3 to Xe 129 spin precession frequencies with sufficient absolute accuracy to resolve Earth's rotation without changing the orientation of the comagnetometer. A frequency resolution of 7 nHz is achieved after integration for 8 h without evidence of significant drift.

Rb-intercalated C60 compounds studied by Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Finazzi, M.; Brambilla, A; Biagioni, P.; Cattoni, A.; Duo, L.; Ciccacci, F.; Braicovich, L.; Giovanelli, L.; Goldoni, A.

2004-01-01

Full text: Since the discovery of superconductivity in alkali-doped solid C 60 , the electronic structure of the host material (C 60 ) and the doped compounds (A x C 60 , where A is an alkali metal), has been the subject of a considerable amount of work, both theoretical and experimental. The spectroscopic investigations of the alkali-doped C 60 compounds has been mainly focussed on the valence states, while much less information is available on the unoccupied states. In particular, inverse photoemission data on the complete set of stable Rb x C 60 compounds was, so far, still missing. We have performed Inverse Photoemission (IPE) spectroscopy on Rb x C 60 compounds (x = 1, 3, 4, 6). IPE spectra were obtained using a band-pass photon detector (hv = 9.4 eV, FWHM = 0.7 eV) and scanning the kinetic energy of the electrons impinging on the sample. Rb was evaporated on C 60 films (thickness = 6-12 atomic layers) grown in situ on a Cu(100) substrate. The temperature of the substrate was kept equal to T = 100 deg C, which is lower than the C 60 sublimation temperature. The amount of Rb was checked by measuring the intensity of the C1s and Rb3d photoemission lines. After the required amount of Rb had been deposited, the samples were annealed to distillate the desired stable phase

Analysis of 137Cs radionuclides activities in Cs-zeolite using gamma spectrometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noviarty; Ginting, Aslina Br; Anggraini, Dian; Rosika K

2013-01-01

137 Cs Radionuclide activity analysis has been carried out. The objective is to determine the activity of the 137 Cs radionuclide in Cs-zeolite are packaged in the form of point source. Analysis of 137 Cs Radionuclide activities in Cs zeolite samples was determined by measuring intensity of the isotope 137 Cs gamma energy at 661.7 keV use-y spectrometer. Before measurement the sample, was first carried out measurements of 137 Cs radionuclide in certified point standards from Amersham, to determine the efficiency value. Result the standard sample measurement obtained the efficiency value of 43.98%. Efficiency values obtained are used in the calculation of sample activity. On the measurement of the intensity of the sample obtained results dose rate 196.4537 cps with a standard deviation of 0.5274. By using standard measurement efficiency values obtained by the calculation of the average activity of the radionuclide 137 Cs in Cs-zeolite 524.9082 Bq. Deviation measurements were below 5% (0.27% ) so that the analysis of the activity of radionuclide 137 Cs in Cs-zeolite samples using gamma spectrometer can be accepted with a 95% confidence level. (author)

Molecular dissociation and nascent product state distributions detected with atomic wavepacket interferometry and parametric four-wave mixing: Rb2 predissociation observed by quantum beating in Rb at 18.2 THz

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiao, Y; Senin, A A; Ricconi, B J; Kogler, R; Zhu, C J; Eden, J G

2008-01-01

Dissociation of a diatomic molecule and the excited-state distribution of the nascent atomic fragments can be detected and characterized by atomic wavepacket interferometry and a coherent nonlinear optical process, such as parametric four-wave mixing (PFWM), in ultrafast pump-probe experiments. Underlying these experiments is a reliance on atom-atom interaction to alter the properties of an atomic wavepacket which, in turn, impacts the phase and amplitude of a coherent optical signal. Specifically, quantum beating in the atomic species provides a sensitive, in situ probe of molecular dissociation by detecting approaching dissociation fragments through long-range dipole-dipole interaction. The resulting influence of this interaction on the amplitude and phase of the quantum beating is observed in temporal or Fourier domains by probing the wavepacket by interferometry and PFWM with 100-150 fs laser pulses. The wavepacket thus serves as a detector of molecular dissociation fragments and the dynamics of atom-atom interactions are converted into the macroscopic domain by the PFWM signal and idler waves. Femtosecond pump-probe experiments are described in which the predissociation of electronically excited Rb 2 states in the ∼24 000-28 000 cm -1 interval, and the distribution of nascent atomic fragments into Rb excited states (7s, 5d, 6s, 4d and 5p) spanning an energy range >1.25 eV, have been observed in Rb vapour with atomic number densities of ∼6 x 10 13 -3 x 10 17 cm -3 . Quantum beating at 18.2 THz (corresponding to the Rb 7s-5d J (J = 5/2) energy defect of ∼608 cm -1 ) is superimposed onto the axially phase matched PFWM signal wave generated at λ S ∼ 420 nm (Rb 6 2 P J → 5 2 S 1/2 transitions) and recovered by Fourier analysis of the signal wave intensity as the pump-probe time delay (Δt) is scanned. The dominant exit channels for Rb 2 predissociation are found to be sensitive to the interval of internuclear separation R in which the molecular

ATM/RB1 mutations predict shorter overall survival in urothelial cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Yin, Ming; Grivas, Petros; Emamekhoo, Hamid; Mendiratta, Prateek; Ali, Siraj; Hsu, JoAnn; Vasekar, Monali; Drabick, Joseph J; Pal, Sumanta; Joshi, Monika

2018-03-30

Mutations of DNA repair genes, e.g. ATM/RB1 , are frequently found in urothelial cancer (UC) and have been associated with better response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Further external validation of the prognostic value of ATM/RB1 mutations in UC can inform clinical decision making and trial designs. In the discovery dataset, ATM/RB1 mutations were present in 24% of patients and were associated with shorter OS (adjusted HR 2.67, 95% CI, 1.45-4.92, p = 0.002). There was a higher mutation load in patients carrying ATM/RB1 mutations (median mutation load: 6.7 versus 5.5 per Mb, p = 0.072). In the validation dataset, ATM/RB1 mutations were present in 22.2% of patients and were non-significantly associated with shorter OS (adjusted HR 1.87, 95% CI, 0.97-3.59, p = 0.06) and higher mutation load (median mutation load: 8.1 versus 7.2 per Mb, p = 0.126). Exome sequencing data of 130 bladder UC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were analyzed as a discovery cohort to determine the prognostic value of ATM/RB1 mutations. Results were validated in an independent cohort of 81 advanced UC patients. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to compare overall survival (OS). ATM/RB1 mutations may be a biomarker of poor prognosis in unselected UC patients and may correlate with higher mutational load. Further studies are required to determine factors that can further stratify prognosis and evaluate predictive role of ATM/RB1 mutation status to immunotherapy and platinum-based chemotherapy.

Study of positive-parity yrast band in 83Rb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ganguly, S.; Banerjee, P.; Ray, I.; Kshetri, R.; Bhattacharya, S.; Saha Sarkar, M.; Goswami, A.; Muralithar, S.; Singh, R.P.; Kumar, R.; Bhowmik, R.K.

2005-01-01

The properties of the positive-parity yrast band in the odd-A 81,83,85 Rb (Z=37) isotopes show remarkable changes as N increases. The objective of the present work is to study the structure of the lowest positive-parity band in 83 Rb from lifetime studies

Microbial conversion of major ginsenoside Rb1 to minor ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-12-15

Dec 15, 2009 ... minor ginsenoside Rd by Indian fermented food bacteria. Kalaiselvi ... South Korea. Accepted 17 April, 2009. Ginsenoside Rb1 is the predominant secondary metabolite (saponin) in Panax ginseng. Hydrolysis of the sugar .... culture and 200 µl of major ginsenoside Rb1. The reaction mixture was incubated ...

Ginsenoside Rb1 Protects Rat Neural Progenitor Cells against Oxidative Injury

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Na Ni

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, has been used as a tonic to enhance bodily functions against various ailments for hundreds of years in Far Eastern countries without apparent adverse effects. Ginsenoside Rb1, one of the most active ingredients of ginseng, has been shown to possess various pharmacological activities. Here we report that Rb1 exhibits potent neuroprotective effects against oxidative injury induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH assay demonstrated that incubation with 300 µm t-BHP for 2.5 h led to a significant cell loss of cultured rat embryonic cortex-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs and the cell viability was pronouncedly increased by 24 h pretreatment of 10 µm Rb1. TUNEL staining further confirmed that pretreatment of Rb1 significantly reduced the cell apoptosis in t-BHP-induced oxidative injury. Real time PCR revealed that pretreatment with Rb1 activated Nrf2 pathway in cultured NPCs and led to an elevated expression of HO-1. The results of the present study demonstrate that Rb1 shows a potent anti-oxidative effect on cultured NPCs by activating Nrf2 pathway.

The Sr:Ba:Rb ratio and zircon typology in granitoid complexes of Sao Paulo, Parana and Minas Gerais states (Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wernick, E.; Galembeck, T.M.B.; Artur, A.C.; Rigo Junior, L.; Weber-Diefenbach, K.

1990-01-01

Chemical (Sr: Ba: Rb) and zircon typology data from the Nazare Paulista, Mairipora/Cantareira, Cunhaporanga, Tres Corregos, Morungaba, Socorro, Itu, Graciosa and Serra Carambei granitoid complexes from the states of Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo and Parana (SE/S Brazil) are presented and discussed. By the zircon typology method these complexes are reffered, respectively, to the 2nd crustal, 3rd crustal/low temperature C-A, low temperature C-A, medium temperature C-A, medium/high temperature C-A, K-SA/Alkaline and alkaline serie which are considered as generated under increasing temperature associated with a progressive major participation of mantellic material. All these series, with the exception of the medium to high temperature calc-alkaline complexes Socorro and Morungaba whose chemical data come from several laboratories, display different positions and behaviour in the Sr: Ba: Rb diagram which reinforce the use of the zircon typology method in the study of granitoids. From the 2nd crustal serie up to the medium temperature C-A serie the complexes show a regular shift in their chemical composition which became progressively richer in Sr and depleted in Rb. The highly differentiades hypersolvus Serra do Carambei granite is strongly enriched in Rb and impoverish in Ba with respect to the Itu and the Graciosa complex which itself is slighly more depleted in Sr than the Itu granite. (author)

Spectroscopic study of divalent copper complexes forming in the systems CuCl2-MCl (M= Na, K, Rb, Cs)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Utorov, N.P.; Bakshi, Yu.M.; Bazov, V.P.; Gel'bshtejn, A.I.

1982-01-01

The structure of complex ions formed in salt systems CuCl 2 -MCl depending on the nature of cation of alkali metal chloride at different mole ratios (n=MCl/CuCl 2 ) is studied. The data obtained using the methods of oscillation and electron spectroscopy enable to consider that during the melting of CuCl 2 and CsCl at n 4 2- ions, have the symmetry Csub(2v) at n=1. π-bonding, which is realized with participation of of Cl - p-orbitals and Cu 2+ d-orbitals plays a very important role in the formation of dimers and polymer chains. π-conjugated systems are characterized by the spectrum of charge transfer in the visible region. Charge transfer promotes metal reduction in the excited state which is adequate to the change of electron configuration of copper from d 9 for d 10 . It results in the decrease of acceptor and increase of dative ability of copper cation in the composition of salt complex. Big (n >= 2) additions of CsCl lead to the formation of separate stable ions of CuCl 4 2- type with the symmetry Dsub(2d)

The Rb-Sr system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Graham, I.J.

1983-11-01

This manual is intended to serve as a guide to the chemical procedures involved in Rb-Sr isotopic analysis as conducted at the Institute of Nuclear Sciences. Included are notes on the experimental developments made over the last 2.5 years, especially those involving rock dissolution and cation exchange chromatography

A Heavy Metal Atmospheric Deposition Study in the South Ural Mountains

CERN Document Server

Frontasyeva, M V; Steinnes, E; Lyapunov, S M; Cherchintsev, V D

2002-01-01

Samples of the mosses Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi, collected in the summer of 1998, were used to study the atmospheric deposition of heavy metals and other toxic elements in the Chelyabinsk Region situated in the South Ural, one of the most heavily polluted industrial areas of the Russian Federation. Samples of natural soils were collected simultaneously with moss at the same 30 sites in order to investigate surface accumulation of heavy metals and to examine the correlation of elements in moss and soil samples in order to separate contributions from atmospheric deposition and from soil minerals. A total of 38 elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, U) in soil and 33 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Ag, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Yb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, U) in mosses were determined by epithermal neutron activation analysis. The elem...

Similarities and differences of alkali metal chlorides applied in organic light-emitting diodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lü, Zhaoyue; Deng, Zhenbo; Hou, Ying; Xu, Haisheng

2012-01-01

The similarities and differences of alkali metal chlorides (sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), rubidium chloride (RbCl) and cesium chloride (CsCl)) applied in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are investigated. The behavior is similar for the OLEDs with these four chlorides as electron injection layer (EIL). Their maximum luminance and efficiency at 100 mA/cm 2 are within the ranges of 18 550 ± 600 (cd/m 2 ) with an error of 3.23% and 4.09 ± 0.15 (cd/A) within an error of 3.67%, respectively. The similar performance is due to almost identical electron injection barrier for NaCl, KCl, RbCl and CsCl as EIL. Interestingly, the properties are different for devices with chlorides inserted inside tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum at the position of 20 nm away from aluminum cathode, labeled as NaCl-, KCl-, RbCl- and CsCl- devices. The relation of luminance is CsCl- > RbCl- = KCl- > NaCl-, where “>” and “=” mean “better than” and “the same as”, respectively. And the device efficiencies are decreased from CsCl to NaCl. That is, the sort order of the efficiencies is CsCl- > RbCl- > KCl- > NaCl-. The mechanism is explained by tunneling model in terms of various energy gaps estimated by optical electronegativity of NaCl, KCl, RbCl and CsCl. - Highlights: ► Effects of NaCl, KCl, RbCl and CsCl in organic light-emitting diodes are compared. ► The similar performance is due to almost identical electron injection barrier. ► The different behavior of chlorides inside Alq 3 is explained by tunneling model. ► The different behavior is attributed to various energy gaps of different chlorides. ► The efficiency of device with chlorides inside Alq 3 is decreased from CsCl to NaCl.

The Re-evaluation of 84Rb decay data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Xiaolong; Zhou Chunmei

1996-01-01

The 84 Rb is an important radionuclide and its decay data are fundamental data in nuclear applications. The decay data for 84 Rb were re-evaluated. The energies and intensities of γ rays and their internal conversion coefficients, energies and intensities of Auger electrons, conversion electrons and x-rays, were recommended. The decay scheme was also given. The balance of radiation rays intensities and energies was checked. (9 tabs., 2 figs.)

'Wash-out' of Cs-134 and Cs-137 from river sediment; 'Ispiranja' Cs-134 i Cs-137 iz recnog sedimenta

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Skrbic, Z; Conkic, Lj; Bikit, I; Veskovic, M; Slivka, J; Marinkov, L [Institut za Fiziku, Novi Sad Univ. (Yugoslavia)

1988-07-01

Natural elimination and 'wash out' period of the Cs-134 and Cs-137 from the river sediment has been investigated. Obtained results suggest the possibility to describe these processes by exponential low and determination of the corresponding half lives. (author)

Rb-Sr dating of sphalerites from Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) ore deposits

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakai, S.; Halliday, A.N.; Kesler, S.E.; Jones, H.D. (Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor (United States)); Kyle, J.R. (Univ. of Texas, Austin (United States)); Lane, T.E. (Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John' s (Canada))

1993-01-01

Mississippi Valley-type (MVT) ore deposits are epigenetic carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits that contain galena, sphalerite, fluorite, barite, dolomite, calcite, and quartz. Although they are thought to form from basinal brines, their exact origins are still unclear, partly because of the scarcity of reliable geochronological data. Rb-Sr dating of sphalerites has recently been shown to be a promising technique for the direct dating of ore minerals in MVT deposits. This paper reports the results of a reconnaissance study of sphalerites, their fluid inclusions, and associated minerals from MVT deposits of North America. Sphalerites from Immel mine, Mascot-Jefferson City district, east Tennessee, define a Rb-Sr age of 347 [plus minus] 20 Ma consistent with a Rb-Sr age of 377 [plus minus] 29 Ma for sphalerites from Coy mine in the same district, but inconsistent with models that ascribe their genesis to the effects of the late Paleozoic Alleghenian orogeny. Rb-Sr isotopic analyses of K-feldspar from Immel mine preclude the possibility that the Rb-Sr data reflect feldspar inclusions. Sphalerites from the main ore zone of Daniel's Harbour mine, Newfoundland, do not form a linear isochron and open behavior of the Rb-Sr system is suspected. Sphalerites from the Pine Point district, Northwest Territories, Canada, define a Rb-Sr age of 361 [plus minus] 13 Ma, indicating that the mineralization took place shortly after the deposition of the middle Devonian host carbonate rocks. These results are not compatible with mineralization models based on regional fluid migration related to early Tertiary Cordilleran deformation. Sphalerites from northern Arkansas have very low Rb and Sr concentrations (less than 0.1 ppm). The Rb-Sr data do not form isochrons and the sphalerites have higher [sup 87]Sr/[sup 86]Sr ratios than expected, given their Rb/Sr ratios and reasonable constraints on their ages. 58 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

Potassium, rubidium and caesium in fungi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johanson, K.J.; Nikolova, I. [Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (Sweden). Dept. of Forest Mycology and Pathology; Vinichuk, M. [Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala (Sweden). Dept. of Soil Sciences

2005-09-15

Samples of mushrooms and soil were collected in a forest ecosystem close to Nuclear Power Plant at Forsmark, Sweden. The soil were fractionated in bulk soil, rhizosphere, soil-root interface and fungal mycelium and the concentration of K, Rb and Cs were determined. The K concentration increased from 605 mg/kg in bulk soil to 2,750 mg/kg in mycelium and 39,500 in fruitbodies of fungi. The corresponding values for Rb was 2.5 mg/kg in bulk soil and 191 mg/kg in fruitbodies of fungi. For Cs the corresponding values were 0.21 mg/kg for bulk soil and 3.9 mg/kg in fruitbodies. In fruitbodies of fungi good correlation was found between the concentration of K and Rb or of Rb and Cs, but not between K and Cs. Yoshida found similar correlation and concluded that the mechanism of Cs uptake by fungi may be different from that of K.

50 years of the RB reactor utilization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milosevic, M.; Pesic, M.; Ljubenov, V.

2008-01-01

This paper is dedicated to the 50 th anniversary of the RB reactor operation, which was the first nuclear reactor built in former Yugoslavia. Information about the construction period, basic technical characteristics and experimental possibilities of the facility, description of first experiments performed 50 years ago, utilisation and modifications done during the implementation of different state nuclear programs and the most important research results are presented in the paper. Role of the RB reactor in the forthcoming decommissioning of the RA research reactor and some plans for future utilisation are underlined also. (author)

Uptake and distribution of 137Cs, stable Cs and K in rice plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsukada, Hirofumi; Hasegawa, Hidenao

2003-01-01

The uptake and distributions of 137 Cs, stable Cs and K were determined for rice plant components, including polished rice, rice bran, hulls, leaves, stems, and roots. The distribution of 137 Cs in polished rice and rice bran was similar to that of stable Cs, while that of K was different. The concentration ratios of Cs/K in leaves increased in older leaf blade positions, which meant that the translocation rate of stable Cs, was slower than that of K. At harvest the dry weight of polished rice accounted for 34% of the entire rice plant, while the distributions of stable Cs in the polished rice and the non-edible parts were 7 and 93%, respectively. These findings suggest that the transfer and distribution of stable Cs in rice plants are different from those of K, and the behavior of stable Cs provides a useful analogue in predicting the fate of 137 Cs in an agricultural environment. (author)

Exploring the Behavior and Metabolic Transformations of SeNPs in Exposed Lactic Acid Bacteria. Effect of Nanoparticles Coating Agent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Palomo-Siguero

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The behavior and transformation of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs in living systems such as microorganisms is largely unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the effect of three types of SeNP suspensions toward Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB-12 using a variety of techniques. SeNPs were synthesized using three types of coating agents (chitosan (CS-SeNPs, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC-SeNPs and a non-ionic surfactant, surfynol (ethoxylated-SeNPs. Morphologies of SeNPs were all spherical. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM was used to locate SeNPs in the bacteria. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC on line coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS was applied to evaluate SeNP transformation by bacteria. Finally, flow cytometry employing the live/dead test and optical density measurements at 600 nm (OD600 were used for evaluating the percentages of bacteria viability when supplementing with SeNPs. Negligible damage was detected by flow cytometry when bacteria were exposed to HEC-SeNPs or CS-SeNPs at a level of 10 μg Se mL−1. In contrast, ethoxylated-SeNPs were found to be the most harmful nanoparticles toward bacteria. CS-SeNPs passed through the membrane without causing damage. Once inside, SeNPs were metabolically transformed to organic selenium compounds. Results evidenced the importance of capping agents when establishing the true behavior of NPs.

Decay of84fRb

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Passaro, A.M.P.

1987-01-01

For the first time, low intensity beta ramifications were determined in the decay of 84 Rb to 84 Kr. The methodology and apparatus employed are presented as well as the advantages and experimental array. (A.C.A.S.) [pt

135Cs activity and 135Cs/137Cs atom ratio in environmental samples before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Guosheng; Tazoe, Hirofumi; Yamada, Masatoshi

2016-04-07

(135)Cs/(137)Cs is a potential tracer for radiocesium source identification. However, due to the challenge to measure (135)Cs, there were no (135)Cs data available for Japanese environmental samples before the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. It was only 3 years after the accident that limited (135)Cs values could be measured in heavily contaminated environmental samples. In the present study, activities of (134)Cs, (135)Cs, and (137)Cs, along with their ratios in 67 soil and plant samples heavily and lightly contaminated by the FDNPP accident were measured by combining γ spectrometry with ICP-MS/MS. The arithmetic means of the (134)Cs/(137)Cs activity ratio (1.033 ± 0.006) and (135)Cs/(137)Cs atom ratio (0.334 ± 0.005) (decay corrected to March 11, 2011), from old leaves of plants collected immediately after the FDNPP accident, were confirmed to represent the FDNPP derived radiocesium signature. Subsequently, for the first time, trace (135)Cs amounts before the FDNPP accident were deduced according to the contribution of global and FDNPP accident-derived fallout. Apart from two soil samples with a tiny global fallout contribution, contributions of global fallout radiocesium in other soil samples were observed to be 0.338%-52.6%. The obtained (135)Cs/(137)Cs database will be useful for its application as a geochemical tracer in the future.

Herbarium collection of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden (RB), Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lanna, João M; da Silva, Luís Alexandre E; Morim, Marli P; Leitman, Paula M; Queiroz, Natália O; Filardi, Fabiana L R; Dalcin, Eduardo C; Oliveira, Felipe A; Forzza, Rafaela C

2018-01-01

This paper provides a quantitative and general description of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden herbarium (RB) dataset. Created over a century ago, the RB currently comprises ca. 750,000 mounted specimens, with a strong representation of Brazilian flora, mainly from the Atlantic and Amazon forests. Nearly 100% of these specimens have been entered into the database and imaged and, at present, about 17% have been geo-referenced. This data paper is focused exclusively on RB's exsiccatae collection of land plants and algae, which is currently increasing by about twenty to thirty thousand specimens per year thanks to fieldwork, exchange and donations. Since 2005, many national and international projects have been implemented, improving the quality and accessibility of the collection. The most important facilitating factor in this process was the creation of the institutional system for plants collection and management, named JABOT. Since the RB is continuously growing, the dataset is updated weekly on SiBBr and GBIF portals. The most represented environments are the Atlantic and Amazon forests, a biodiversity hotspot and the world's largest rain forest, respectively. The dataset described in this article contains the data and metadata of plants and algae specimens in the RB collection and the link to access the respective images. Currently, the RB data is publicly available online at several biodiversity portals, such as our institutional database JABOT, the Reflora Virtual Herbarium, the SiBBr and the GBIF portal. However, a description of the RB dataset as a whole is not available in the literature.

Herbarium collection of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden (RB), Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

da Silva, Luís Alexandre E; Morim, Marli P.; Leitman, Paula M.; Queiroz, Natália O.; Filardi, Fabiana L. R.; Dalcin, Eduardo C.; Oliveira, Felipe A.

2018-01-01

Abstract Background This paper provides a quantitative and general description of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden herbarium (RB) dataset. Created over a century ago, the RB currently comprises ca. 750,000 mounted specimens, with a strong representation of Brazilian flora, mainly from the Atlantic and Amazon forests. Nearly 100% of these specimens have been entered into the database and imaged and, at present, about 17% have been geo-referenced. This data paper is focused exclusively on RB's exsiccatae collection of land plants and algae, which is currently increasing by about twenty to thirty thousand specimens per year thanks to fieldwork, exchange and donations. Since 2005, many national and international projects have been implemented, improving the quality and accessibility of the collection. The most important facilitating factor in this process was the creation of the institutional system for plants collection and management, named JABOT. Since the RB is continuously growing, the dataset is updated weekly on SiBBr and GBIF portals. New information The most represented environments are the Atlantic and Amazon forests, a biodiversity hotspot and the world's largest rain forest, respectively. The dataset described in this article contains the data and metadata of plants and algae specimens in the RB collection and the link to access the respective images. Currently, the RB data is publicly available online at several biodiversity portals, such as our institutional database JABOT, the Reflora Virtual Herbarium, the SiBBr and the GBIF portal. However, a description of the RB dataset as a whole is not available in the literature. PMID:29674937

Activity standardization of 134Cs and 137Cs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sochorová, Jana; Auerbach, Pavel

2014-01-01

The paper presents the results from a primary standardization of 137 Cs using two independent methods – efficiency tracing using PC-NaI coincidence and the TDCR method. The nuclides 60 Co and 134 Cs were used as the tracers. Primary standardization of the 134 Cs is also discussed. The efficiency extrapolation was carried out by measuring samples of varying mass and using the wet extrapolation method. The results obtained are in good agreement; the differences did not exceed 0.5%. The advantages, pitfalls and also possibilities for improvement of the procedures are discussed

Determination of {sup 135}Cs and {sup 137}Cs in environmental samples: A review

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Russell, B.C., E-mail: ben.russell@npl.co.uk [GAU-Radioanalytical, Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH (United Kingdom); National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW (United Kingdom); Croudace, Ian W.; Warwick, Phil E. [GAU-Radioanalytical, Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH (United Kingdom)

2015-08-26

Radionuclides of caesium are environmentally important since they are formed as significant high yield fission products ({sup 135}Cs and {sup 137}Cs) and activation products ({sup 134}Cs and {sup 136}Cs) during nuclear fission. They originate from a range of nuclear activities such as weapons testing, nuclear reprocessing and nuclear fuel cycle discharges and nuclear accidents. Whilst {sup 137}Cs, {sup 134}Cs and {sup 136}Cs are routinely measurable at high sensitivity by gamma spectrometry, routine detection of long-lived {sup 135}Cs by radiometric methods is challenging. This measurement is, however, important given its significance in long-term nuclear waste storage and disposal. Furthermore, the {sup 135}Cs/{sup 137}Cs ratio varies with reactor, weapon and fuel type, and accurate measurement of this ratio can therefore be used as a forensic tool in identifying the source(s) of nuclear contamination. The shorter-lived activation products {sup 134}Cs and {sup 136}Cs have a limited application but provide useful early information on fuel irradiation history and have importance in health physics. Detection of {sup 135}Cs (and {sup 137}Cs) is achievable by mass spectrometric techniques; most commonly inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), as well as thermal ionisation (TIMS), accelerator (AMS) and resonance ionisation (RIMS) techniques. The critical issues affecting the accuracy and detection limits achievable by this technique are effective removal of barium to eliminate isobaric interferences arising from {sup 135}Ba and {sup 137}Ba, and elimination of peak tailing of stable {sup 133}Cs on {sup 135}Cs. Isobaric interferences can be removed by chemical separation, most commonly ion exchange chromatography, and/or instrumental separation using an ICP-MS equipped with a reaction cell. The removal of the peak tailing interference is dependent on the instrument used for final measurement. This review summarizes and compares the analytical procedures

On the chemical resolution of the {sup 87}Rb{sup +} (s{sup 0})/{sup 87}Sr{sup +} (s{sup 1}) isobaric interference: A kinetic search for an optimum reagent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cheng Ping; Koyanagi, Gregory K. [Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry and Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 (Canada); Bohme, Diethard K. [Department of Chemistry, Centre for Research in Mass Spectrometry and Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3 (Canada)], E-mail: dkbohme@yorku.ca

2008-10-03

Room-temperature reactions of the atomic cations Sr{sup +} and Rb{sup +} have been surveyed systematically with a variety of gases using an Inductively-Coupled Plasma/Selected-Ion Flow Tube (ICP/SIFT) tandem mass spectrometer. Rate coefficients and product distributions have been measured in He buffer gas at 0.35 Torr and 295 K for reactions of Sr{sup +} and Rb{sup +} with CH{sub 3}F, CH{sub 3}Cl, N{sub 2}O, CO{sub 2}, CS{sub 2}, SF{sub 6}, D{sub 2}O and NH{sub 3}. Rb{sup +} (s{sup 0}) is seen to be quite inert with these molecules and reacts either slowly by molecule addition or not at all, while Sr{sup +} (s{sup 1}) is much more reactive with all these 8 molecules, especially with CH{sub 3}F, CH{sub 3}Cl, N{sub 2}O and SF{sub 6}. Sr{sup +} reacts with CH{sub 3}F and SF{sub 6} by F-atom transfer, with CH{sub 3}Cl by Cl-atom transfer and with N{sub 2}O by O-atom transfer, and the reaction rate coefficients are all quite high, k {>=} 1.4 x 10{sup -11} cm{sup 3} molecules{sup -1} s{sup -1}. The extreme differences in reactivity with CH{sub 3}F, SF{sub 6}, CH{sub 3}Cl and N{sub 2}O provide a chemical basis for the separation of isobaric interferences of {sup 87}Rb{sup +} and {sup 87}Sr{sup +} often encountered in ICP-MS. Among these four molecules, SF{sub 6} exhibits the largest difference in reactivity, almost a factor of 10{sup 4}, and so is identified as the kinetically recommended reagent for the chemical resolution of the isobaric interference of {sup 87}Rb{sup +} and {sup 87}Sr{sup +}.

Review of accident analyses of RB experimental reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pesic, M.

2003-01-01

The RB reactor is a uranium fuel heavy water moderated critical assembly that has been put and kept in operation by the VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, since April 1958. The first complete Safety Analysis Report of the RB reactor was prepared in 1961/62; yet, the first accident analysis had been made in late 1958 with the aim to examine a power transition and the total equivalent doses received by the staff during the reactivity accident that occurred on October 15, 1958. Since 1960, the RB reactor has been modified a few times. Beside the initial natural uranium metal fuel rods, new types of fuel (TVR-S types of Russian origin) consisting of 2% enriched uranium metal and 80% enriched U0 2 , dispersed in aluminum matrix, have been available since 1962 and 1976, respectively. Modifications of the control and safety systems of the reactor were made occasionally. Special reactor cores were designed and constructed using all three types of fuel elements, as well as the coupled fast-thermal ones. The Nuclear Safety Committee of the VINCA Institute, an independent regulator)' body, approved for usage all these modifications of the RB reactor on the basis of the Preliminary Safety' Analysis Reports, which, beside proposed technical modifications and new regulation rules, included safety analyses of various possible accidents. A special attention was given (and a new safety methodology was proposed) to thorough analyses of the design-based accidents related to the coupled fast-thermal cores that included central zones of the reactor filled by the fuel elements without any moderator. In this paper, an overview of some accidents, methodologies and computation tools used for the accident analyses of the RB reactor is given. (author)

Some Examples of Accident Analyses for RB Reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pesic, M.

2002-01-01

The RB reactor is heavy water critical assembly operated in the Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, since April 1959. The first Safety Analysis Report of the RB critical assembly was prepared in 1961/62. But, the first accidental analysis was done in late 1958 in aim the examine power transient and total equivalent doses received by the staff during the reactivity accident occurred on October 15, 1958. Since 1960, the RB reactor is modified few times. Beside initial natural uranium metal fuel rods, new fuel (TVR-S types) from 2% enriched metal uranium and 80% enriched UO 2 were available since 1962 and 1976, respectively. Also, modifications in control and safety systems of the reactor were done occasionally. Special reactor cores were created using all three types of fuel elements, among them, the coupled fast-thermal ones. Nuclear Safety Committee of the Vinca Institute, an independent regulatory body approved for usage all these modifications of the RB reactor. For those decisions of the Committee, the Preliminary Safety Analysis Reports were prepared that, beside proposed technical modifications and new regulation rules had included analyses of various possible accidents. Special attention is given and new methodology was proposed for thoroughly analyses of design based accidents related to coupled fast-thermal cores, that include reactor central zones filled by fuel elements without moderator. In these accidents, during assumed flooding of the fast zone by moderator, a very high reactivity could be inserted in the system with very high reactivity rate. It was necessary to provide that the safety system of the reactor had fast response to that accident and had enough high (negative) reactivity to shut down the reactor timely. In this paper, a brief overview of some accidents, methodology and computation tools used for the accident analyses at RB reactor are given. (author)

Review of accident analyses of RB experimental reactor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pešić Milan P.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The RB reactor is a uranium fuel heavy water moderated critical assembly that has been put and kept in operation by the VTNCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, since April 1958. The first complete Safety Analysis Report of the RB reactor was prepared in 1961/62 yet, the first accident analysis had been made in late 1958 with the aim to examine a power transition and the total equivalent doses received by the staff during the reactivity accident that occurred on October 15, 1958. Since 1960, the RB reactor has been modified a few times. Beside the initial natural uranium metal fuel rods, new types of fuel (TVR-S types of Russian origin consisting of 2% enriched uranium metal and 80% enriched UO2 dispersed in aluminum matrix, have been available since 1962 and 1976 respectively. Modifications of the control and safety systems of the reactor were made occasionally. Special reactor cores were designed and constructed using all three types of fuel elements as well as the coupled fast-thermal ones. The Nuclear Safety Committee of the VINĆA Institute, an independent regulatory body, approved for usage all these modifications of the RB reactor on the basis of the Preliminary Safety Analysis Reports, which, beside proposed technical modifications and new regulation rules, included safety analyses of various possible accidents. A special attention was given (and a new safety methodology was proposed to thorough analyses of the design-based accidents related to the coupled fast-thermal cores that included central zones of the reactor filled by the fuel elements without any moderator. In this paper, an overview of some accidents, methodologies and computation tools used for the accident analyses of the RB reactor is given.

Expressão do gene da leptina e seu receptor Ob-Rb no parênquima mamário de novilhas leiteiras Leptin and leptin receptor Ob-Rb gene expression in mammary parenchyma of dairy heifers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Betina Joyce Lew

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos de uma dieta de alto nível de energia e proteína combinada com a aplicação de bST no perfil de expressão dos genes da leptina e de seu receptor Ob-Rb no parênquima mamário de novilhas leiteiras. Foram utilizadas amostras de parênquima mamário de 32 novilhas holandesas distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos (n=8: dieta com alto ou baixo teor de energia e proteína combinada ou não com a aplicação de bST. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com arranjo de tratamentos em esquema fatorial 2 × 2. A extração do RNA total das amostras de tecido foi feita e o nível de expressão gênica foi analisado por qRT-PCR utilizando-se o gene da glicuronidase β como controle, pelo método 2-ΔΔCt. Animais que receberam a dieta com alto conteúdo de energia e proteína apresentaram maior expressão de mRNA de leptina, com aumento de 56%, e menor expressão de mRNA do receptor Ob-Rb, com redução de 18%. Por outro lado, a aplicação de bST resultou em diminuição da expressão do mRNA de leptina e do receptor Ob-Rb em 74% e 23%, respectivamente. Não houve interação entre dieta e aplicação de bST. O aumento na expressão de leptina pode explicar, ao menos em parte, os efeitos negativos da dieta de alta energia e proteína, oferecida no período pré-púbere, sobre a produção de leite de novilhas leiteiras.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a diet with high level of energy and protein, combined with bST injections, on leptin and leptin-receptor (Ob-Rb gene expression profile in the mammary parenchyma of dairy heifers. Mammary parenchyma samples from 32 Holstein heifers, randomly assigned to one of four treatments (n=8, were utilized: high or low energy and protein diet, with or without bST injection. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks and arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Total RNA was extracted from tissue samples

Low-dose myocardial blood flow imaging using 82Rb-PET (RUBILOW 2.0)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hoff, Camilla Molich; Tolbod, Lars Poulsen; Harms, Hans

2017-01-01

Aim: Relative and absolute measures of myocardial blood flow (MBF) can be derived from a 82Rb PET/CT scan using list mode data to extract static, gated and dynamic PET series. High doses of 82Rb are used to maximize image quality in especially static images. High doses require large eluate volumes......, may degrade scanner dead time performance at first pass and decreases generator lifetime. Lower doses will expand the availability of 82Rb PET/CT and lower doses to personnel and patients. The aim of the current study was to examine MBF with a low dose (LD) 82Rb protocol compared to the institution......’s standard (STD) protocol. Methods: Twenty-one patients referred to 82Rb PET were included in the study. Patients were examined during rest and stress with repeated LD (740 MBq) and STD dose (1110 MBq) Rb-PET during the same imaging session. Regional and global rest and stress MBF values, total perfusion...

Trace elements, potassium, 40K and 137Cs in distinctive parts of fir from Gorski Kotar - Croatia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barisic, D.; Vertacnik, A.; Lulic, S.; Kauzlaric, Z.; Hus, M.; Seletkovic, Z.; Kezic, N.

1996-01-01

Radionuclides, as well as other cations, which are either constitutive elements/trace elements of soils, or deposited as a fallout through wet/dry deposition processes due to global atmospheric contamination, can migrate upwards by plant uptake. Long-term observations of 137 Cs activities in nectar honeys indicate the uniform lowering of caesium transfer to nectar plants. In the same time, the 137 Cs activities of honey-dew honeys are significantly high and almost constant over long time period after contamination. Due to this, the research of potassium, caesium, as well as some other trace element content in distinctive parts of coniferous trees from Gorski Kotar has been started. The results of total K, Rb, Sr, Co, Cu, Zn and Cr, as well as of 40 K and 137 Cs determination in fir branches and needles from Lividraga (Table 1.) indicate the relatively high cations' mobility in youngest part of fir branches shoots. The majority of observed elements migrates into the youngest shoots, which is especially evident for univalent cations 40 K, total potassium, 137 Cs and rubidium in fir branches. Their concentrations generally are significantly higher in branches than in respective needles. The two-valent cations like strontium or zinc show less significant concentration increase in younger vs. older fir branches' parts (Figure 1.). Strontium concentrations have been increasing in the older needles in contrast to concentrations in fir branches. High 137 Cs activities found in the youngest shoots relatively long time after the soil contamination indicate the fir as a potentially good bioindicator for caesium. high mobility of cations in the youngest parts of fir branches, and theirs piling up in youngest tops of branches and needles suggest the fir to be used as the possible bioindicator of other, especially univalent cations fate. (author)

Accurate 3He polarimetry using the Rb Zeeman frequency shift due to the Rb-3He spin-exchange collisions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romalis, M.V.; Cates, G.D.

1998-01-01

We describe a method of 3 He polarimetry relying on the polarization-dependent frequency shift of the Rb Zeeman resonance. Our method is ideally suited for on-line measurements of the 3 He polarization produced by spin-exchange optical pumping. To calibrate the frequency shift we performed an accurate measurement of the imaginary part of the Rb- 3 He spin-exchange cross section in the temperature range typical for spin-exchange optical pumping of 3 He. We also present a detailed study of possible systematic errors in the frequency shift polarimetry. copyright 1998 The American Physical Society

Direct measurement of the half-life of Rb{sup 87}; Mesure directe de la periode du rubidium-87; Pryamoe izmerenie poluraspada rubidiya-87; Medicion directa del periodo del {sup 87}Rb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McNair, A; Wilson, H W [United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Aldermaston, Berks. (United Kingdom)

1962-01-15

The half-life of Rb{sup 87} has been measured directly by determining the specific activity by a counting method. The half-lives previously obtained lie in the range 4 - 6 x 10{sup 10} years, a value of 5 x 10{sup 10} years being taken usually. Direct counting is rather difficult because of the presence of a large number of very-low-energy electrons in the Rb{sup 87} spectrum. However, it is clearly very desirable to obtain a precise value by the counting method and this the authors have tried to do. In these measurements special attention must be paid to the reduction of thickness of source and of source backing. To increase the accuracy of the measurements, the following methods were used. The source thickness was reduced by use of (i) a 4-{pi} proportional counter of large source area (up to 100 cm{sup 2}), (ii) anti-coincidence operation to reduce background, and (iii) enriched Rb{sup 87} which permits a four-fold reduction in source thickness for a given activity. By these methods, sources down to 5 {mu}g/cm{sup 2} have been measured. Also the relationship between half-life and source thickness was examined so that correction could be made for the very small absorption which remained. The effect of source backing thickness is not so great and can be calculated from (i) the difference in count-rates on either side of the thin supports used and (ii) a study of dependence of half-life on source support thickness. These experiments give a value of about 5.25 x 10{sup 10} years for the half-life. (author) [French] On a mesure la periode du Tubidium-87 directement, en determinant l'activite specifique par comptage. Les periodes obtenues anterieurement se situent entre 4 et 6 {center_dot} 10{sup 10} ans; la valeur habituellement adoptee est de 5 {center_dot} 10{sup 10} ans. Le comptage direct est d'un emploi assez difficile par suite de la presence d'un grand nombre d'electrons de tres faible energie dans le spectre du rubidium-87. Il n'en serait pas moins tres utile

Iron cycling at corroding carbon steel surfaces

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Jason S.; McBeth, Joyce M.; Ray, Richard I.; Little, Brenda J.; Emerson, David

2013-01-01

Surfaces of carbon steel (CS) exposed to mixed cultures of iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) and dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) in seawater media under aerobic conditions were rougher than surfaces of CS exposed to pure cultures of either type of microorganism. The roughened surface, demonstrated by profilometry, is an indication of loss of metal from the surface. In the presence of CS, aerobically grown FeOB produced tight, twisted helical stalks encrusted with iron oxides. When CS was exposed anaerobically in the presence of FeRB, some surface oxides were removed. However, when the same FeOB and FeRB were grown together in an aerobic medium, FeOB stalks were less encrusted with iron oxides and appeared less tightly coiled. These observations suggest that iron oxides on the stalks were reduced and solubilized by the FeRB. Roughened surfaces of CS and denuded stalks were replicated with three culture combinations of different species of FeOB and FeRB under three experimental conditions. Measurements of electrochemical polarization resistance established different rates of corrosion of CS in aerobic and anaerobic media, but could not differentiate rate differences between sterile controls and inoculated exposures for a given bulk concentration of dissolved oxygen. Similarly, total iron in the electrolyte could not be used to differentiate treatments. The experiments demonstrate the potential for iron cycling (oxidation and reduction) on corroding CS in aerobic seawater media. PMID:24093730

A measurement of Rb using mutually exclusive tags

Science.gov (United States)

Barate, R.; Buskulic, D.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, P.; Goy, C.; Lees, J.-P.; Lucotte, A.; Minard, M.-N.; Nief, J.-Y.; Pietrzyk, B.; Casado, M. P.; Chmeissani, M.; Comas, P.; Crespo, J. M.; Delfino, M.; Fernandez, E.; Fernandez-Bosman, M.; Garrido, Ll.; Juste, A.; Martinez, M.; Miquel, R.; Mir, Ll. M.; Orteu, S.; Padilla, C.; Park, I. C.; Pascual, A.; Perlas, J. A.; Riu, I.; Sanchez, F.; Teubert, F.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; de Palma, M.; Gelao, G.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marinelli, N.; Nuzzo, S.; Ranieri, A.; Raso, G.; Ruggieri, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Tempesta, P.; Tricomi, A.; Zito, G.; Huang, X.; Lin, J.; Ouyang, Q.; Wang, T.; Xie, Y.; Xu, R.; Xue, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Zhao, W.; Abbaneo, D.; Alemany, R.; Becker, U.; Bazarko, A. O.; Bright-Thomas, P.; Cattaneo, M.; Cerutti, F.; Drevermann, H.; Forty, R. W.; Frank, M.; Hagelberg, R.; Harvey, J.; Janot, P.; Jost, B.; Kneringer, E.; Knobloch, J.; Lehraus, I.; Lutters, G.; Mato, P.; Minten, A.; Moneta, L.; Pacheco, A.; Pusztaszeri, J.-F.; Ranjard, F.; Rensing, P.; Rizzo, G.; Rolandi, L.; Schlatter, D.; Schmitt, M.; Schneider, O.; Tejessy, W.; Tomalin, I. R.; Wachsmuth, H.; Wagner, A.; Ajaltouni, Z.; Barrès, A.; Boyer, C.; Falvard, A.; Ferdi, C.; Gay, P.; Guicheney, C.; Henrard, P.; Jousset, J.; Michel, B.; Monteil, S.; Montret, J.-C.; Pallin, D.; Perret, P.; Podlyski, F.; Proriol, J.; Rosnet, P.; Rossignol, J.-M.; Fearnley, T.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, P. H.; Nilsson, B. S.; Rensch, B.; Wäänänen, A.; Daskalakis, G.; Kyriakis, A.; Markou, C.; Simopoulou, E.; Siotis, I.; Vayaki, A.; Blondel, A.; Bonneaud, G.; Brient, J. C.; Bourdon, P.; Rougé, A.; Rumpf, M.; Valassi, A.; Verderi, M.; Videau, H.; Candlin, D. J.; Parsons, M. I.; Focardi, E.; Parrini, G.; Zachariadou, K.; Corden, M.; Georgiopoulos, C.; Jaffe, D. E.; Antonelli, A.; Bencivenni, G.; Bologna, G.; Bossi, F.; Campana, P.; Capon, G.; Casper, D.; Chiarella, V.; Felici, G.; Laurelli, P.; Mannocchi, G.; Murtas, F.; Murtas, G. P.; Passalacqua, L.; Pepe-Altarelli, M.; Curtis, L.; Dorris, S. J.; Halley, A. W.; Knowles, I. G.; Lynch, J. G.; O'Shea, V.; Raine, C.; Scarr, J. M.; Smith, K.; Teixeira-Dias, P.; Thompson, A. S.; Thomson, E.; Thomson, F.; Turnbull, R. M.; Geweniger, C.; Graefe, G.; Hanke, P.; Hansper, G.; Hepp, V.; Kluge, E. E.; Putzer, A.; Schmidt, M.; Sommer, J.; Tittel, K.; Werner, S.; Wunsch, M.; Beuselinck, R.; Binnie, D. M.; Cameron, W.; Dornan, P. J.; Girone, M.; Goodsir, S.; Martin, E. B.; Moutoussi, A.; Nash, J.; Sedgbeer, J. K.; Stacey, A. M.; Williams, M. D.; Dissertori, G.; Ghete, V. M.; Girtler, P.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.; Betteridge, A. P.; Bowdery, C. K.; Colrain, P.; Crawford, G.; Finch, A. J.; Foster, F.; Hughes, G.; Sloan, T.; Williams, M. I.; Galla, A.; Giehl, I.; Greene, A. M.; Hoffmann, C.; Jakobs, K.; Kleinknecht, K.; Quast, G.; Renk, B.; Rohne, E.; Sander, H.-G.; van Gemmeren, P.; Zeitnitz, C.; Aubert, J. J.; Benchouk, C.; Bonissent, A.; Bujosa, G.; Calvet, D.; Carr, J.; Coyle, P.; Diaconu, C.; Etienne, F.; Konstantinidis, N.; Leroy, O.; Motsch, F.; Payre, P.; Rousseau, D.; Talby, M.; Sadouki, A.; Thulasidas, M.; Trabelsi, K.; Aleppo, M.; Ragusa, F.; Berlich, R.; Blum, W.; Brown, D.; Büscher, V.; Dietl, H.; Dydak, F.; Ganis, G.; Gotzhein, C.; Kroha, H.; Lütjens, G.; Lutz, G.; Männer, W.; Moser, H.-G.; Richter, R.; Rosado-Schlosser, A.; Schael, S.; Settles, R.; Seywerd, H.; St. Denis, R.; Stenzel, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wolf, G.; Boucrot, J.; Callot, O.; Chen, S.; Choi, Y.; Cordier, A.; Davier, M.; Duflot, L.; Grivaz, J.-F.; Heusse, Ph.; Höcker, A.; Jacholkowska, A.; Jacquet, M.; Kim, D. W.; Le Diberder, F.; Lefrançois, J.; Lutz, A.-M.; Nilolic, I.; Schune, M.-H.; Simion, S.; Tournefier, E.; Veillet, J.-J.; Videau, I.; Zerwas, D.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Batignani, G.; Bettarini, S.; Bozzi, C.; Calderini, G.; Carpinelli, M.; Ciocci, M. A.; Ciulli, V.; dell'Orso, R.; Fantechi, R.; Ferrante, I.; Foà, L.; Forti, F.; Giassi, A.; Giorgi, M. A.; Gregorio, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lusiani, A.; Marrocchesi, P. S.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Sanguinetti, G.; Sciabà, A.; Spagnolo, P.; Steinberger, J.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Vannini, C.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Blair, G. A.; Bryant, L. M.; Chambers, J. T.; Gao, Y.; Green, M. G.; Medcalf, T.; Perrodo, P.; Strong, J. A.; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J. H.; Botterill, D. R.; Clifft, R. W.; Edgecock, T. R.; Haywood, S.; Maley, P.; Norton, P. R.; Thompson, J. C.; Wright, A. E.; Bloch-Devaux, B.; Colas, P.; Emery, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lançon, E.; Lemaire, M. C.; Locci, E.; Perez, P.; Rander, J.; Renardy, J.-F.; Roussarie, A.; Schuller, J.-P.; Schwindling, J.; Trabelsi, A.; Vallage, B.; Black, S. N.; Dann, J. H.; Johnson, R. P.; Kim, H. Y.; Litke, A. M.; McNeil, M. A.; Taylor, G.; Booth, C. N.; Boswell, R.; Brew, C. A. J.; Cartwright, S.; Combley, F.; Kelly, M. S.; Lehto, M.; Newton, W. M.; Reeve, J.; Thompson, L. F.; Böhrer, A.; Brandt, S.; Cowan, G.; Grupen, C.; Saraiva, P.; Smolik, L.; Stephan, F.; Apollonio, M.; Bosisio, L.; Della Marina, R.; Giannini, G.; Gobbo, B.; Musolino, G.; Rothberg, J.; Wasserbaech, S.; Armstrong, S. R.; Charles, E.; Elmer, P.; Ferguson, D. P. S.; Gao, Y. S.; González, S.; Greening, T. C.; Hayes, O. J.; Hu, H.; Jin, S.; McNamara, P. A.; Nachtman, J. M.; Nielsen, J.; Orejudos, W.; Pan, Y. B.; Saadi, Y.; Scott, I. J.; Walsh, J.; Sau, Lan Wu; Wu, X.; Yamartino, J. M.; Zobernig, G.

1997-02-01

A measurement of Rb using five mutually exclusive hemisphere tags has been performed by ALEPH using the full LEP1 statistics. Three tags are designed to select the decay of the Z0 to b quarks, while the remaining two selectZ0 decays to c and light quarks, and are used to measure the tagging efficiencies. The result, Rb = 0.2159 +/- 0.0009 (stat) +/- 0.0011 (syst), is in agreement with the electroweak theory prediction of 0.2158 +/- 0.0003.

Interpretation of the CABRI-RAFT RB1 and RB2 tests through detailed data evaluation and PAPAS-2S code analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukano, Yoshitaka; Sato, Ikken

2001-08-01

The CABRI-RAFT RB1 and RB2 tests were aiming at a study on impact of fuel pin failure under an overpower condition leading to fuel melting. Using a special technique, combination of through-cladding failure and fuel melting was realized. In the RB1 test, fuel ejection was prevented under a limited fuel melting condition. On the other hand, significant fuel melting was applied in the RB2 test so as to get the fuel ejection, thereby obtaining information on the fuel ejection behavior. Interpretation for these tests through the detailed experimental data evaluation and the PAPAS-2S code analysis is performed in this study. Through this study, it is indicated that molten fuel ejection can be prevented with the low smear density fuel as far as the fuel melting is not large for a slit-type cladding defect. Fuel ejection becomes possible in the case of significant fuel melting with a very thin solid fuel shell surrounding the molten fuel cavity. However, the rapidness of the fuel ejection with the low smear density fuel is less pronounced compared with that of the high smear density fuel. It is also confirmed that there is considerable DN-precursor release into the coolant flow already before fuel ejection. The result is very useful for evaluation of anomaly detection with DN signal observation. (author)

Probing the structural and electronic properties of cationic rubidium-gold clusters: [AunRb]+ (n = 1-10)

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Ya-Ru; Zhang, Hai-Rong; Qian, Yu; Duan, Xu-Chao; Hu, Yan-Fei

2016-03-01

Density functional theory has been applied to study the geometric structures, relative stabilities, and electronic properties of cationic [AunRb]+ and Aun + 1+ (n = 1-10) clusters. For the lowest energy structures of [AunRb]+ clusters, the planar to three-dimensional transformation is found to occur at cluster size n = 4 and the Rb atoms prefer being located at the most highly coordinated position. The trends of the averaged atomic binding energies, fragmentation energies, second-order difference of energies, and energy gaps show pronounced even-odd alternations. It indicated that the clusters containing odd number of atoms maintain greater stability than the clusters in the vicinity. In particular, the [Au6Rb]+ clusters are the most stable isomer for [AunRb]+ clusters in the region of n = 1-10. The charges in [AunRb]+ clusters transfer from the Rb atoms to Aun host. Density of states revealed that the Au-5d, Au-5p, and Rb-4p orbitals hardly participated in bonding. In addition, it is found that the most favourable channel of the [AunRb]+ clusters is Rb+ cation ejection. The electronic localisation function (ELF) analysis of the [AunRb]+ clusters shown that strong interactions are not revealed in this study.

Research Project 'RB research nuclear reactor' (operation and maintenance), Final report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-01-01

This final report covers operation and maintenance activities at the RB reactor during period from 1981-1985. First part covers the RB reactor operation, detailed description of reactor components, fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, cooling system, equipment and instrumentation, auxiliary systems. It contains data concerned with dosimetry and radiation protection, reactor staff, and financial data. Second part deals maintenance, regular control and testing of reactor equipment and instrumentation. Third part is devoted to basic experimental options and utilization of the RB reactor including training

Neutron converter at reactor RB; Konvertor neutrona na reaktoru RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Strugar, P; Sotic, P; Ninkovic, M; Pesic, M [Boris Kidric Institute of nuclear sciences, Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1977-07-01

A neutron converter at Reactor RB in the 'Boris Kidric' Institute of Nuclear Sciences - Vinca has been constructed. Preliminary measurements have been shown that the converted neutron spectrum is very similar to the fission neutron spectrum. For the same integral reactor power, the measured neutron radiation dose has been for about ten times larger with the neutron converter. The neutron converter offers wide possibilities, as in investigations in the reactor physics, where the fission neutron spectra have been required, as well as in the field of neutron dosimetry and biological irradiations (author)

Application of Sm/Eu/, Rb/Sr, Ce/Yb and F-Rb ratios to discriminate between Tin mineralized and non-mineralized S-type granites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karimpour, M.H.

1998-01-01

Mash had granites and Gran diorites are divided into three groups bas sed on their ages and composition: (1) Deh Now-Vakilabad-Kuhsangi Granodiorites and Quartz monzodiorites, (2) Sang bast Granite and (3) Khalaj- Gheshlagh Biotite-muscovite Granite. All these intrusive s belong to S-type granite, The oldest are in the range of intermediate and the youngest are acidic in composition. Intrusive rocks in the area of Deh now to Kuhsangi show trend of differentiation. Major, trace and rare earth elements within the source rocks of porphyry Sn, Mo, and Cu deposits were compared and very distinct differences were noticed. Differentiation index, Rb/Sr, Ce/Yb, and (Sr 87 /Sr 86 ) ratios can be used to identify the source rocks for porphyry Sn, Mo, or Cu. Major, as well as trace and rare earth elements of Mash had Granites and Granodiorites were compared with tin mineralized granites of the world. As a result, four diagrams were presented to be utilized in order to discriminate between Sn mineralized and non-mineralized granites. Such as Rb to the ratio of Sm/Eu, F to Rb and the three angle of F, Rb, Sr + Ba

Theoretical study on the ground state of the polar alkali-metal-barium molecules: Potential energy curve and permanent dipole moment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gou, Dezhi; Kuang, Xiaoyu; Gao, Yufeng; Huo, Dongming

2015-01-01

In this paper, we systematically investigate the electronic structure for the 2 Σ + ground state of the polar alkali-metal-alkaline-earth-metal molecules BaAlk (Alk = Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs). Potential energy curves and permanent dipole moments (PDMs) are determined using power quantum chemistry complete active space self-consistent field and multi-reference configuration interaction methods. Basic spectroscopic constants are derived from ro-vibrational bound state calculation. From the calculations, it is shown that BaK, BaRb, and BaCs molecules have moderate values of PDM at the equilibrium bond distance (BaK:1.62 D, BaRb:3.32 D, and BaCs:4.02 D). Besides, the equilibrium bond length (4.93 Å and 5.19 Å) and dissociation energy (0.1825 eV and 0.1817 eV) for the BaRb and BaCs are also obtained

Multiple protein biomarker assessment for recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST abuse in cattle.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susann K J Ludwig

Full Text Available Biomarker profiling, as a rapid screening approach for detection of hormone abuse, requires well selected candidate biomarkers and a thorough in vivo biomarker evaluation as previously done for detection of growth hormone doping in athletes. The bovine equivalent of growth hormone, called recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST is (illegally administered to enhance milk production in dairy cows. In this study, first a generic sample pre-treatment and 4-plex flow cytometric immunoassay (FCIA were developed for simultaneous measurement of four candidate biomarkers selected from literature: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, its binding protein 2 (IGFBP2, osteocalcin and endogenously produced antibodies against rbST. Next, bovine serum samples from two extensive controlled rbST animal treatment studies were used for in vivo validation and biomarker evaluation. Finally, advanced statistic tools were tested for the assessment of biomarker combination quality aiming to correctly identify rbST-treated animals. The statistical prediction tool k-nearest neighbours using a combination of the biomarkers osteocalcin and endogenously produced antibodies against rbST proved to be very reliable and correctly predicted 95% of the treated samples starting from the second rbST injection until the end of the treatment period and even thereafter. With the same biomarker combination, only 12% of untreated animals appeared false-positive. This reliability meets the requirements of Commission Decision 2002/657/EC for screening methods in veterinary control. From the results of this multidisciplinary study, it is concluded that the osteocalcin - anti-rbST-antibodies combination represent fit-for-purpose biomarkers for screening of rbST abuse in dairy cattle and can be reliably measured in both the developed 4-plex FCIA as well as in a cost-effective 2-plex microsphere-based binding assay. This screening method can be incorporated in routine veterinary monitoring

First observation of isomeric state in {sup 97}Rb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rudigier, Matthias; Blazhev, Andrey; Regis, Jean-Marc; Warr, Nigel; Jolie, Jan; Fransen, Christoph; Hackstein, Matthias; Pfeiffer, Michael; Rother, Wolfram; Thomas, Tim [IKP, Univ. Koeln (Germany); Simpson, Gary; Ramdhane, Mourad [LPSC, Grenoble (France); Koester, Ulli; Materna, Thomas; Urban, Waldemar [ILL, Grenoble (France); Daugas, Jean-Michel [CEA, DAM, DIF, Arpajon (France)

2012-07-01

Data on a new microsecond isomer in {sup 97}Rb are presented. The measurement was conducted at the LOHENGRIN mass separator at the ILL, Grenoble. We were able to deduce the level energy and lifetime of the state. The multipolarity of the transition to the ground state was determined using conversion electron spectroscopy. This information enabled us to assign a spin and parity to the state, based on quasi-particle-rotor model calculations. The nucleus {sup 97}Rb has neutron number 60, and is thus situated in the shape-phase transition line of the mass 100 nuclei. It is discussed how the new state fits into the region and the Rb-isotopic chain. Furthermore some new results on the decay of the 9/2{sup +} microsecond isomer of {sup 97}Sr are presented and discussed.

Rb-intercalated C{sub 60} compounds studied by Inverse Photoemission Spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Finazzi, M; Brambilla, A; Biagioni, P; Cattoni, A; Duo, L; Ciccacci, F; Braicovich, L [INFM and Dip di Fisica del Politecnico di Milano, Milano (Italy); Giovanelli, L; Goldoni, A [ELETTRA Basovizza (Italy)

2004-07-01

Full text: Since the discovery of superconductivity in alkali-doped solid C{sub 60}, the electronic structure of the host material (C{sub 60}) and the doped compounds (A{sub x}C{sub 60}, where A is an alkali metal), has been the subject of a considerable amount of work, both theoretical and experimental. The spectroscopic investigations of the alkali-doped C{sub 60} compounds has been mainly focussed on the valence states, while much less information is available on the unoccupied states. In particular, inverse photoemission data on the complete set of stable Rb{sub x}C{sub 60} compounds was, so far, still missing. We have performed Inverse Photoemission (IPE) spectroscopy on Rb{sub x}C{sub 60} compounds (x = 1, 3, 4, 6). IPE spectra were obtained using a band-pass photon detector (hv = 9.4 eV, FWHM = 0.7 eV) and scanning the kinetic energy of the electrons impinging on the sample. Rb was evaporated on C{sub 60} films (thickness = 6-12 atomic layers) grown in situ on a Cu(100) substrate. The temperature of the substrate was kept equal to T = 100 deg C, which is lower than the C{sub 60} sublimation temperature. The amount of Rb was checked by measuring the intensity of the C1s and Rb3d photoemission lines. After the required amount of Rb had been deposited, the samples were annealed to distillate the desired stable phase.

Elemental analysis of soil and hair sample by instrumental neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, Yong Sam; Quraishi, Shamshad Begum; Moon, Jong Hwa; Kim, Sun Ha; Baek, Sung Yeoil; Kang, Sang Hoon; Lim, Jong Myoung; Cho, Hyun Je; Kim, Young Jin

2004-03-01

Myanmar soil sample was analyzed by using the instrumental neutron activation analysis. The elemental concentrations in the sample, altogether 34 elements, Al As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Hf, Ir, K, La, Lu, Mn, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Th, Ti, V, Yb, Zn and Zr were determined. The concentration of 17 elements (Al, Au, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Hg, K, Na, Mn, Mg, Sb, Se, Zn) in human hair samples were determined by INAA For quality control of analytical method, certified reference material was used

Elemental analysis of soil and hair sample by instrumental neutron activation analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, Yong Sam; Quraishi, Shamshad Begum; Moon, Jong Hwa; Kim, Sun Ha; Baek, Sung Yeoil; Kang, Sang Hoon; Lim, Jong Myoung; Cho, Hyun Je; Kim, Young Jin

2004-03-01

Myanmar soil sample was analyzed by using the instrumental neutron activation analysis. The elemental concentrations in the sample, altogether 34 elements, Al As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Hf, Ir, K, La, Lu, Mn, Na, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Th, Ti, V, Yb, Zn and Zr were determined. The concentration of 17 elements (Al, Au, Br, Ca, Cl, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Hg, K, Na, Mn, Mg, Sb, Se, Zn) in human hair samples were determined by INAA For quality control of analytical method, certified reference material was used.

Emission characteristics of Xe-RbBr plasma

Science.gov (United States)

Heneral, A. A.; Avtaeva, S. V.

2017-12-01

The luminescence spectra of the longitudinal pulsed-periodic discharge in Xe-RbBr gas-vapour mixtures at low pressures are experimentally studied. Conditions for obtaining strong UV radiation of XeBr* exiplex molecules in the spectral range of 200-425 nm are found. The greatest output of the XeBr* UV radiation is provided at temperature of the gas-discharge tube walls of ~1000 K. The maximum UV emission power of the whole plasma volume is 4.8 W. Formation of XeBr* exciplex molecules in the pulsed-periodic discharge in Xe-RbBr gas-vapour mixtures at low pressures is discussed.

Bandwidth and Electron Correlation-Tuned Superconductivity in {\mathrm{<span\; class="hlt">Rb</span>}}_{0.8}{\mathrm{Fe}}_2({\mathrm{<span\; class="hlt">Se</span>}}_{1-z}{{S}}_z{)}_2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yi, M.; Wang, Meng; Kemper, A. F.; Mo, S. -K.; Hussain, Z.; Bourret-Courchesne, E.; Lanzara, A.; Hashimoto, M.; Lu, D. H.; Shen, Z. -X.; Birgeneau, R. J.

2015-12-01

We present a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the substitution dependence of the electronic structure of Rb_0.8Fe₂(Se_1-zS_z)₂ (z=0, 0.5, 1), where superconductivity is continuously suppressed into a metallic phase. Going from the nonsuperconducting Rb_0.8Fe₂S₂ to superconducting Rb_0.8Fe₂Se₂, we observe little change of the Fermi surface topology, but a reduction of the overall bandwidth by a factor of 2. Hence, for these heavily electron-doped iron chalcogenides, we have identified electron correlation as explicitly manifested in the quasiparticle bandwidth to be the important tuning parameter for superconductivity, and that moderate correlation is essential to achieving high T_C.

Construction of Rb charge exchange cell and characteristic experiment for He- ion production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Hee Seock; Bak, Jun Gyo; Bak, Hae Ill

1991-01-01

The Rb charge exchange cell is constructed as the He - ion source of the SNU 1.5-MV Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator. the characteristic experiments is carried out in order to determine the optimum operational conditions of the cell. The He + ion beam with the energy of 1 - 10 keV, extracted from the duoplasmatron ion source, is passed through the Rb vapor to become He - ions by the two step charge exchange reaction, i.e., He + + Rb → He o* + Rb + and He o* + Rb → He - + Rb + . From the experimental results, it is found that the maximum fractional yield of He - ions is produced at He + /ion energy of 7 keV. The optimum temperatures of the oven and the canal are determined to be 370 deg C and 95 deg C respectively. Under the optimum operational condition the maximum fractional yield of He - ions is 2.42 ± 0.02 5. This charge exchange cell is proved to be an effective system for the production of He - ions. (Author)

Preparation and mass spectrometrical high temperature investigations on compounds of the quasi-ternary system Cs2O-Al2O3-SiO2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Odoj, R.; Hilpert, K.; Nuernberg, H.W.

1977-09-01

Additions of aluminium oxide and silicen oxide to ceramic fuel for pyrocarbon-coated nuclear fuel paticles counteract a release of fission-cesium by compound formation. The vapourization tests carried out here using samples from the quasi-ternary system cesium-oxide-aluminium-oxide-silicon-oxide by means of high-temperature mass spectroscopy using a Knudsen cell served the optimization of this retention effect. The aim of the apparative changes on the knudsen cell were to shield heat radiation on the temperature measuring borehole through the tungsten wire cathode in order to be able to perform exact temperature measurements even below 1,000 0 C. A new method of preparation was developed to obtain defined cesium aluminium silicates whose composition was determined by Guinier and goniometer pictures as well as by microscopic investigations. According to the latter, 3 ternary compounds are present in the system investigated: CsAlSiO 4 , CsAlSi 2 O 6 and CsAlSi 5 O 12 . Their lattice constants were determined from goniometric measurements; the vapour pressure equection were set up from the measured cesium vapour pressure values over each sample and the enthalpies of the vapourization reactions were found to be 84 kcal for CsAlSiO 4 at 1,400 0 K, 100 kcal for CsAlSi 2 O 6 at 1,550 0 K and 122 kcal for CsAlSi 5 O 12 at 1,650 0 K. The cesium vapour pressures of the glas phases investigated of the system are above the Cs partial pressures of the solid crystalline phases of the same composition. The results of the work explain the causes of the reduction of the Cs release and show that the vapour pressure can be lowered by more than 10 orders of magnitude at reactor relevant temperatures by compound formation. (RB) [de

A study on cigarette tobacco by instrumental neutron activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Md Soot Haji Ahmad; Tey Nsan Yen

1987-01-01

The concentration of 25 elements in cigarette tobacco of popular brands locally marketed were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis. These elements are: Al, Ba, Br, Ca, Ce, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, Hg, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Th, and Zn. Comparison of the element contents to the reported cigarette tobacco of Egypt, Iran and Turkey was also done. (author)

Development of prompt gamma activation analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olmez, I.

1982-01-01

Application of prompt gamma-activation analysis to some environmental samples and NBS's standard reference materials were examined, using NBS reactor and the technique developed by the nuclear chemistry group of the University of Maryland. Concentration of several elements, Cd, B, S, Se, Sb, Zn, Ba, Cr, Cs, Co, Si, Hf, Ce, Yb, Lu, Th, Sc, Eu, Fe, Ta and Rb, were determined by both PGAA and INAA. (author)

Analysis of lichen species for atmospheric pollution biomonitoring in the Santo Andre municipality, Sao Paulo, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saiki, M.; Alves, E.R.; Marcelli, M.P.

2007-01-01

Instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied for the determination of trace elements in Canoparmelia texana species collected in nonpolluted areas of Atlantic Forest and in six sites of Santo Andre Municipality, SP, Brazil. Concentrations of As, Ba, Br, Ca, Cd, Cl, Cr, Cs, Co, Fe, K, La, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, U, and Zn were determined and comparisons were made between the results obtained in lichens from different sites

Using isoelectric focussing and neutron activation analysis to study protein-bound tracer elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schmelzer, W.

1976-01-01

A method to determine protein-bound tracer elements was determined by combining a protein separation method with neutron activation analysis. Gel filtration, disk electrophoresis, and isoelectric focussing were studied with regard to their suitability as separation methods. Using isoelectric focussing, human serum protein could be separated with good resolution on a preparative scale. The Se, Cr, Ag, Sc, Fe, Zn, Co, Br, Na, Rb, and Cs contents of the various protein fractions were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis and by gamma-spectroscopic identification of their long-lived nuclides. Particular attention was paid to the main source of error with this method, i.e. contamination of the proteins in the course of the separation process. Information on the binding of the elements to protein was obtained by comparing the contents in the serum and in the protein separated by gel chromatography. For example, 75% of the Se and 30% of the Cs are bound to protein. Contamination of the protein fractions was studied by means of tracer elements with the element Se, errors due to contamination could be ruled out. The method was modified for the special imvestigation of Se-protein complexes in the serum. The Se content was determined by activation analysis via the short-lived radionuclide sup(77m)Se, this considerably reducing the duration of analysis. With regard to focussing, discrimination was improved in the pH region in which specific Se complexes were found. The activity distribution in fractionated serum protein labelled in vitro with 75 Se in the presence of erythrocytes showed that specific labelling is possible in this way. It is thus possible to study the distribution of Se carrier proteins with the aid of a radiotracer technique. (orig./RB) [de

Improving CS regulations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nesse, R.J.; Scheer, R.M.; Marasco, A.L.; Furey, R.

1980-10-01

President Carter issued Executive Order 12044 (3/28/78) that required all Federal agencies to distinguish between significant and insignificant regulations, and to determine whether a regulation will result in major impacts. This study gathered information on the impact of the order and the guidelines on the Office of Conservation and Solar Energy (CS) regulatory practices, investigated problems encountered by the CS staff when implementing the order and guidelines, and recommended solutions to resolve these problems. Major tasks accomplished and discussed are: (1) legislation, Executive Orders, and DOE Memoranda concerning Federal administrative procedures relevant to the development and analysis of regulations within CS reviewed; (2) relevant DOE Orders and Memoranda analyzed and key DOE and CS staff interviewed in order to accurately describe the current CS regulatory process; (3) DOE staff from the Office of the General Counsel, the Office of Policy and Evaluation, the Office of the Environment, and the Office of the Secretary interviewed to explore issues and problems encountered with current CS regulatory practices; (4) the regulatory processes at five other Federal agencies reviewed in order to see how other agencies have approached the regulatory process, dealt with specific regulatory problems, and responded to the Executive Order; and (5) based on the results of the preceding four tasks, recommendations for potential solutions to the CS regulatory problems developed. (MCW)

A Measurement of $R_{b}$ using a Double Tagging Method

CERN Document Server

Abbiendi, G.; Alexander, G.; Allison, John; Altekamp, N.; Anderson, K.J.; Anderson, S.; Arcelli, S.; Asai, S.; Ashby, S.F.; Axen, D.; Azuelos, G.; Ball, A.H.; Barberio, E.; Barlow, Roger J.; Bartoldus, R.; Batley, J.R.; Baumann, S.; Bechtluft, J.; Behnke, T.; Bell, Kenneth Watson; Bella, G.; Bellerive, A.; Bentvelsen, S.; Bethke, S.; Betts, S.; Biebel, O.; Biguzzi, A.; Bird, S.D.; Blobel, V.; Bloodworth, I.J.; Bobinski, M.; Bock, P.; Bohme, J.; Bonacorsi, D.; Boutemeur, M.; Braibant, S.; Bright-Thomas, P.; Brigliadori, L.; Brown, Robert M.; Burckhart, H.J.; Burgard, C.; Burgin, R.; Capiluppi, P.; Carnegie, R.K.; Carter, A.A.; Carter, J.R.; Chang, C.Y.; Charlton, David G.; Chrisman, D.; Ciocca, C.; Clarke, P.E.L.; Clay, E.; Cohen, I.; Conboy, J.E.; Cooke, O.C.; Couyoumtzelis, C.; Coxe, R.L.; Cuffiani, M.; Dado, S.; Dallavalle, G.Marco; Davis, R.; De Jong, S.; del Pozo, L.A.; De Roeck, A.; Desch, K.; Dienes, B.; Dixit, M.S.; Dubbert, J.; Duchovni, E.; Duckeck, G.; Duerdoth, I.P.; Eatough, D.; Estabrooks, P.G.; Etzion, E.; Evans, H.G.; Fabbri, F.; Fanti, M.; Faust, A.A.; Fiedler, F.; Fierro, M.; Fleck, I.; Folman, R.; Furtjes, A.; Futyan, D.I.; Gagnon, P.; Gary, J.W.; Gascon, J.; Gascon-Shotkin, S.M.; Gaycken, G.; Geich-Gimbel, C.; Giacomelli, G.; Giacomelli, P.; Gibson, V.; Gibson, W.R.; Gingrich, D.M.; Glenzinski, D.; Goldberg, J.; Gorn, W.; Grandi, C.; Gross, E.; Grunhaus, J.; Gruwe, M.; Hanson, G.G.; Hansroul, M.; Hapke, M.; Harder, K.; Hargrove, C.K.; Hartmann, C.; Hauschild, M.; Hawkes, C.M.; Hawkings, R.; Hemingway, R.J.; Herndon, M.; Herten, G.; Heuer, R.D.; Hildreth, M.D.; Hill, J.C.; Hillier, S.J.; Hobson, P.R.; Hocker, James Andrew; Homer, R.J.; Honma, A.K.; Horvath, D.; Hossain, K.R.; Howard, R.; Huntemeyer, P.; Igo-Kemenes, P.; Imrie, D.C.; Ishii, K.; Jacob, F.R.; Jawahery, A.; Jeremie, H.; Jimack, M.; Jones, C.R.; Jovanovic, P.; Junk, T.R.; Karlen, D.; Kartvelishvili, V.; Kawagoe, K.; Kawamoto, T.; Kayal, P.I.; Keeler, R.K.; Kellogg, R.G.; Kennedy, B.W.; Klier, A.; Kluth, S.; Kobayashi, T.; Kobel, M.; Koetke, D.S.; Kokott, T.P.; Kolrep, M.; Komamiya, S.; Kowalewski, Robert V.; Kress, T.; Krieger, P.; von Krogh, J.; Kuhl, T.; Kyberd, P.; Lafferty, G.D.; Lanske, D.; Lauber, J.; Lautenschlager, S.R.; Lawson, I.; Layter, J.G.; Lazic, D.; Lee, A.M.; Lellouch, D.; Letts, J.; Levinson, L.; Liebisch, R.; List, B.; Littlewood, C.; Lloyd, A.W.; Lloyd, S.L.; Loebinger, F.K.; Long, G.D.; Losty, M.J.; Ludwig, J.; Lui, D.; Macchiolo, A.; Macpherson, A.; Mader, W.; Mannelli, M.; Marcellini, S.; Markopoulos, C.; Martin, A.J.; Martin, J.P.; Martinez, G.; Mashimo, T.; Mattig, Peter; McDonald, W.John; McKenna, J.; Mckigney, E.A.; McMahon, T.J.; McPherson, R.A.; Meijers, F.; Menke, S.; Merritt, F.S.; Mes, H.; Meyer, J.; Michelini, A.; Mihara, S.; Mikenberg, G.; Miller, D.J.; Mir, R.; Mohr, W.; Montanari, A.; Mori, T.; Nagai, K.; Nakamura, I.; Neal, H.A.; Nellen, B.; Nisius, R.; O'Neale, S.W.; Oakham, F.G.; Odorici, F.; Ogren, H.O.; Oreglia, M.J.; Orito, S.; Palinkas, J.; Pasztor, G.; Pater, J.R.; Patrick, G.N.; Patt, J.; Perez-Ochoa, R.; Petzold, S.; Pfeifenschneider, P.; Pilcher, J.E.; Pinfold, J.; Plane, David E.; Poffenberger, P.; Polok, J.; Przybycien, M.; Rembser, C.; Rick, H.; Robertson, S.; Robins, S.A.; Rodning, N.; Roney, J.M.; Roscoe, K.; Rossi, A.M.; Rozen, Y.; Runge, K.; Runolfsson, O.; Rust, D.R.; Sachs, K.; Saeki, T.; Sahr, O.; Sang, W.M.; Sarkisian, E.K.G.; Sbarra, C.; Schaile, A.D.; Schaile, O.; Scharf, F.; Scharff-Hansen, P.; Schieck, J.; Schmitt, B.; Schmitt, S.; Schoning, A.; Schroder, Matthias; Schumacher, M.; Schwick, C.; Scott, W.G.; Seuster, R.; Shears, T.G.; Shen, B.C.; Shepherd-Themistocleous, C.H.; Sherwood, P.; Siroli, G.P.; Sittler, A.; Skuja, A.; Smith, A.M.; Snow, G.A.; Sobie, R.; Soldner-Rembold, S.; Sproston, M.; Stahl, A.; Stephens, K.; Steuerer, J.; Stoll, K.; Strom, David M.; Strohmer, R.; Surrow, B.; Talbot, S.D.; Tanaka, S.; Taras, P.; Tarem, S.; Teuscher, R.; Thiergen, M.; Thomson, M.A.; von Torne, E.; Torrence, E.; Towers, S.; Trigger, I.; Trocsanyi, Z.; Tsur, E.; Turcot, A.S.; Turner-Watson, M.F.; Van Kooten, Rick J.; Vannerem, P.; Verzocchi, M.; Voss, H.; Wackerle, F.; Wagner, A.; Ward, C.P.; Ward, D.R.; Watkins, P.M.; Watson, A.T.; Watson, N.K.; Wells, P.S.; Wermes, N.; White, J.S.; Wilson, G.W.; Wilson, J.A.; Wyatt, T.R.; Yamashita, S.; Yekutieli, G.; Zacek, V.; Zer-Zion, D.

1999-01-01

The fraction of Z to bbbar events in hadronic Z decays has been measured by the OPAL experiment using the data collected at LEP between 1992 and 1995. The Z to bbbar decays were tagged using displaced secondary vertices, and high momentum electrons and muons. Systematic uncertainties were reduced by measuring the b-tagging efficiency using a double tagging technique. Efficiency correlations between opposite hemispheres of an event are small, and are well understood through comparisons between real and simulated data samples. A value of Rb = 0.2178 +- 0.0011 +- 0.0013 was obtained, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. The uncertainty on Rc, the fraction of Z to ccbar events in hadronic Z decays, is not included in the errors. The dependence on Rc is Delta(Rb)/Rb = -0.056*Delta(Rc)/Rc where Delta(Rc) is the deviation of Rc from the value 0.172 predicted by the Standard Model. The result for Rb agrees with the value of 0.2155 +- 0.0003 predicted by the Standard Model.

Operation and maintenance of the RB reactor, Annual report for 1977; Pogon i odrzavanje reaktora RB, Izvestaj o radu u 1977. godini

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sotic, O; Vranic, S [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1977-07-01

The annual report for 1977 includes the following: utilization of the RB reactor; new regulations and instructions for reactor operation; improvement of experimental possibilities of the RB reactor; state of the reactor equipment; dosimetry and radiation protection; reactor staff. Five annexes are concerned with: testing the properties of preamplifiers for linear and logarithmic experimental channels; properties of the neutron converter; maintenance of the reactor equipment; purchase of new equipment; and the program for training reactor operators.

Exploring strategies for the production of ultracold RbYb molecules in conservative traps

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bruni, Cristian

2015-07-14

Within the scope of this thesis, the production of ultracold molecules at a temperature of a few μK with various isotopes of rubidium (Rb) and ytterbium (Yb) was examined by means of photoassociation spectroscopy and magnetic Feshbach resonances in combined conservative traps. The long-term goal of this experiment is the production of ultracold RbYb molecules in the rovibronic ground state. It was possible to produce electronically excited {sup 87}Rb {sup 176}Yb molecules in a novel hybrid trap (HT) at a combined temperature of 1.7 μK by means of 1-photon photoassociation close to the Rb D1 line at 795 nm. This HT takes advantage of the different magnetic properties of Rb and Yb and allows for independent trapping and manipulation of the atomic species. It combines an Ioffe-Pritchard type magnetic trap for Rb and a near-resonant optical dipole trap for Yb. The excited molecular {sup 2}Π{sub 1/2} state could be characterized further extending previous works in a combined MOT and vibrational levels reaching binding energies up to E{sub b}=-h x 2.2 THz could be assigned by trap-loss spectroscopy. Almost every detected vibrational state consists of two resonances that could be assigned to the molecular analogue of the hyperfine structure of {sup 87}Rb. An important experimental observation is a decrease in hyperfine splitting with increasing binding energy of a vibrational level. For the deepest found vibrational state the hyperfine splitting amounts only 70 % of the atomic value (817 MHz) which emphasizes a gradual passage from weakly to tightly bound molecules. Furthermore, detailed attempts were undertaken to induce magnetic Feshbach resonances in {sup 85}Rb and different Yb isotopes, especially {sup 171}Yb in a crossed optical dipole trap at 1064 nm at temperatures of 10 μK. For this purpose, a homogeneous magnetic field was applied and scanned in small steps over the range of 495 G ∼ 640 G. Unfortunately, our efforts were without success. Additionally, well

RB Research nuclear reactor, Annual report for 2006

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Milosevic, M.; Ljubenov, V.; Pesic, M.; Jevremovic, M.; Minic, D.

2007-01-01

Report on RB reactor operation during 2006 contains 3 parts. Part one contains a brief description of the reactor, reactor operation and operational capabilities, reactor components, relevant dosimetry and radiation protection issues, personnel and financial data. Part two is devoted to maintenance of the reactor components, namely, fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, heavy water circulation system, absorption rods and heavy water level meters, maintenance of electronic, mechanical, electrical and auxiliary equipment. Part three contains detailed data concerned with measurements performed at the RB reactor and a number of significant results obtained

R$_{b}$ - R$_{c}$ crisis and new physics

CERN Document Server

Bhattacharya, G; Hou Wei Shu; Bhattacharyya, Gautam; Branco, Gustavo C; Hou, Wei Shu

1996-01-01

The experimental values of R_b and R_c are the only data which do not seem to agree with Standard Model predictions. Although it is still premature to draw any definite conclusions, it is timely to look for new physics which could explain the excess in R_b and deficit in R_c. We investigate this problem in a simple extension of the Standard Model, where a charge +2/3 isosinglet quark is added to the standard spectrum. Upon the further introduction of an extra scalar doublet, one finds a solution with interesting consequences.

Development of Composite Adsorbents for LLW Treatment and Their Adsorption Properties for Cs and Sr - 13127

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Susa, Shunsuke; Mimura, Hitoshi [Dept. of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 6-6-01-2, Sendai, 980-8579 (Japan); Ito, Yoshiyuki; Saito, Yasuo [Nuclear Science and Engineering Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirone, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan)

2013-07-01

In this study, the composite adsorbents (KCoFC-NM (NM: natural mordenite), KCoFC-SG (SG: porous silica gel), AMP-SG and so on) were prepared by impregnation-precipitation methods. As for the distribution properties, the largest K{sub d,Cs} value of 3.8 x 10{sup 4} cm{sup 3}/g was obtained for KCoFC-SG (Davi.) composite. KCoFC-SG (NH, MB5D) and T-KCFC also had relatively large K{sub d,Cs} values above 1.0 x 10{sup 4} cm{sup 3}/g. The uptake rate of Cs{sup +} ions was examined by batch method. KCoFC-SG (NH, MB5D) and AMP-SG (Davi.) had relatively large uptake rate of Cs{sup +}, and the uptake attained equilibrium within 1 h. The maximum uptake capacity of Cs{sup +} ions was estimated to be above 0.5 mmol/g for KCoFC-NM and KCoFC-CP composites. KCoFC-X composite had a relatively large uptake capacity of Cs{sup +} ions (0.23 mmol/g > 0.17 mmol/g (T-KCFC)) and this composite also had a selectivity towards Sr{sup 2+} ions; KCoFC-X is effective adsorbent for both Cs{sup +} and Sr{sup 2+} ions. The largest value of K{sub d,Sr} was estimated to be 218 cm{sup 3}/g for titanic acid-PAN. Titanic acid-PAN had the largest uptake rate of Sr{sup 2+} ions, and the uptake attained equilibrium within 8 h. Adsorbability of other nuclides was further examined by batch method. All adsorbents had adsorbability for Rb{sup +} and RuNO{sup 3+} ions. KCoFC-SG (NH), KCoFC-CP and T-KCFC had higher selectivity towards Cs{sup +} than other adsorbents; these adsorbents had adsorbability to Cs{sup +} ions even in the presence of Ba{sup 2+}, Ca{sup 2+} and Mg{sup 2+} ions. The separation factor of K{sub d,Sr}/K{sub d,Ba} for titanic acid-PAN was about 1, indicating that the K{sub d,Sr} for titanic acid-PAN tends to decrease with Ba{sup 2+} concentration. As for the breakthrough properties, the largest 5 % breakpoint and 5 % breakthrough capacity of Cs{sup +} ions were estimated to be 47.1 cm{sup 3} and 0.07 mmol/g for the column of KCoFC-SG (NH), respectively. The order of 5 % breakthrough capacity

Electronic parameters and top surface chemical stability of RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Atuchin, V.V., E-mail: atuchin@thermo.isp.nsc.ru [Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 (Russian Federation); Isaenko, L.I. [Laboratory of Crystal Growth, Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 (Russian Federation); Kesler, V.G. [Laboratory of Physical Principles for Integrated Microelectronics, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 (Russian Federation); Pokrovsky, L.D. [Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 (Russian Federation); Tarasova, A.Yu. [Laboratory of Crystal Growth, Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 (Russian Federation)

2012-01-16

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Bridgman growth of RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5} crystal. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Electronic structure measurements with XPS. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Optical crystalline surface fabrication. - Abstract: The RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5} crystal has been grown by Bridgman method. The electronic structure of RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5} has been measured with XPS for a powder sample. High chemical stability of RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5} surface is verified by weak intensity of O 1s core level recorded by XPS and structural RHEED measurements. Chemical bonding effects have been observed by the comparative analysis of element core levels and crystal structure of RbPb{sub 2}Br{sub 5} and several rubidium- and lead-containing bromides using binding energy difference parameters {Delta}{sub Rb} = (BE Rb 3d - BE Br 3d) and {Delta}{sub Pb} = (BE Pb 4f{sub 7/2} - BE Br 3d).

Radiation damage in undoped CsI and CsI(Tl)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woody, C.L.; Kierstead, J.A.; Levy, P.W.; Stoll, S.

1992-01-01

Radiation damage has been studied in undoped CsI and CsI(TI) crystals using 60 Co gamma radiation for doses up to ∼ 4.2 x 10 6 . Samples from various manufacturers were measured ranging in size from 2.54 cm long cylinders to a 30 cm long block. Measurements were made on the change in optical transmission and scintillation light output as a function of dose. Although some samples showed a small change in transmission, a significant change in light output was observed for all samples. Recovery from damage was also studied as a function of time and exposure to UV light. A short lived phosphorescence was observed in undoped CsI, similar to the phosphorescence seen in CsI(TI)

RB1CC1 Protein Suppresses Type II Collagen Synthesis in Chondrocytes and Causes Dwarfism*

Science.gov (United States)

Nishimura, Ichiro; Chano, Tokuhiro; Kita, Hiroko; Matsusue, Yoshitaka; Okabe, Hidetoshi

2011-01-01

RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1) functions in various processes, such as cell growth, differentiation, senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. The conditional transgenic mice with cartilage-specific RB1CC1 excess that were used in the present study were made for the first time by the Cre-loxP system. Cartilage-specific RB1CC1 excess caused dwarfism in mice without causing obvious abnormalities in endochondral ossification and subsequent skeletal development from embryo to adult. In vitro and in vivo analysis revealed that the dwarf phenotype in cartilaginous RB1CC1 excess was induced by reductions in the total amount of cartilage and the number of cartilaginous cells, following suppressions of type II collagen synthesis and Erk1/2 signals. In addition, we have demonstrated that two kinds of SNPs (T-547C and C-468T) in the human RB1CC1 promoter have significant influence on the self-transcriptional level. Accordingly, human genotypic variants of RB1CC1 that either stimulate or inhibit RB1CC1 transcription in vivo may cause body size variations. PMID:22049074

Frequent disruption of the RB1 pathway in diffuse large B cell lymphoma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Michael Boe; Kania, P W; Ino, Y

2000-01-01

In the present study, we analysed 34 de novo diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLCL) from a population-based lymphoma registry for alterations of the RB1 pathway at the genetic (RB1 and CDK4) and protein (pRb, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, CDK4, and E2F-1) level. The results were correlated with the data fr...

The Re-evaluation of {sup 84}Rb decay data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiaolong, Huang; Chunmei, Zhou [Chinese Nuclear Data Center, Beijing, BJ (China)

1996-06-01

The {sup 84}Rb is an important radionuclide and its decay data are fundamental data in nuclear applications. The decay data for {sup 84}Rb were re-evaluated. The energies and intensities of {gamma} rays and their internal conversion coefficients, energies and intensities of Auger electrons, conversion electrons and x-rays, were recommended. The decay scheme was also given. The balance of radiation rays intensities and energies was checked. (9 tabs., 2 figs.).

Regeneration of Used Frying Palm Oil with Coffee Silverskin (CS), CS Ash (CSA) and Nanoparticles of CS (NCS).

Science.gov (United States)

Ismail, Samir Abd-Elmonem A; El-Anany, Ayman Mohammed; Ali, Rehab Farouk M

2017-01-01

The present investigation aimed to evaluate the efficiency of coffee silverskin (CS), CS ash (CSA) and nanoparticles of CS (NCS) in regeneration the quality of used frying palm oil. The adsorbents were mixed individually with used frying palm oil at level 4% (w/v) for 60 min. The properties of CS, CSA and NCS adsorbents were studied using (SEM) scanning electron microscopy technique. Some of physico-chemical characteristics of used frying palm oil (UFPO) and UFPO treated with adsorbents were determined. The results showed that the CS ash particles composed of irregular spherical and semispherical grains with deep cavities. The size of particles of CS ash ranged in diameter from 1.1 to 1.7 µm. The morphology of NCS consisted of cluster-type spherical nanoparticles and flakes. The particle size of NCS varies from 0.9 to 1.7 µm. Purification treatments caused marked (poil compared to untreated oil. The treatment of UFPO with 4% of adsorbents caused significant reductions in the content of free fatty acids ranged from 51.2 to 65.0%. The lowest level of peroxide (2.1 meq/kg) was recorded for UFPO treated with 4% of NCS. The highest reductions (72.8; 70.0%) in p-anisidine value were observed in UFPO treated with 4% of CSA and NCS, respectively. Treatment of UFPO with 4% of CS, CSA and NCS significantly lowered the polar content from 13.9% to 6.3, 4.8 and 3.9%, respectively. The results also indicate that CSA and NCS have nearly the same adsorption efficiency in lowering polymer content of UFPO. Filtration treatment of UFPO with 4% of CS, CSA and NCS markedly lowered the viscosity and colour values of treated UFPO.

The origin of the RB1 imprint.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Deniz Kanber

Full Text Available The human RB1 gene is imprinted due to a differentially methylated CpG island in intron 2. This CpG island is part of PPP1R26P1, a truncated retrocopy of PPP1R26, and serves as a promoter for an alternative RB1 transcript. We show here by in silico analyses that the parental PPP1R26 gene is present in the analysed members of Haplorrhini, which comprise Catarrhini (Old World Monkeys, Small apes, Great Apes and Human, Platyrrhini (New World Monkeys and tarsier, and Strepsirrhini (galago. Interestingly, we detected the retrocopy, PPP1R26P1, in all Anthropoidea (Catarrhini and Platyrrhini that we studied but not in tarsier or galago. Additional retrocopies are present in human and chimpanzee on chromosome 22, but their distinct composition indicates that they are the result of independent retrotransposition events. Chimpanzee and marmoset have further retrocopies on chromosome 8 and chromosome 4, respectively. To examine the origin of the RB1 imprint, we compared the methylation patterns of the parental PPP1R26 gene and its retrocopies in different primates (human, chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus macaque, marmoset and galago. Methylation analysis by deep bisulfite sequencing showed that PPP1R26 is methylated whereas the retrocopy in RB1 intron 2 is differentially methylated in all primates studied. All other retrocopies are fully methylated, except for the additional retrocopy on marmoset chromosome 4, which is also differentially methylated. Using an informative SNP for the methylation analysis in marmoset, we could show that the differential methylation pattern of the retrocopy on chromosome 4 is allele-specific. We conclude that the epigenetic fate of a PPP1R26 retrocopy after integration depends on the DNA sequence and selective forces at the integration site.

Properties of CsI and CsI-TMAE photocathodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, D.F.; Kwan, S.; Peskov, V.; Hoeneisen, B.

1992-06-01

The importance of heating the CsI or CsI-TMAE photocathodes during preparation, as well as the importance of the gas environment on the quantum efficiency is presented. The dependence of the aging characteristics of these photocathodes on the operating temperature, on the presence of gas, and on the charge amplification of the chamber is also discussed. For CsI photocathodes charges in excess of 2x10 14 e - /mm 2 can be collected with little degradation of performance. A timing resolution of 0.55 ns is also achieved for single photoelectrons suggesting a possible time-of-flight detector

Special K: testing the potassium link between radioactive rubidium (86Rb) turnover and metabolic rate.

Science.gov (United States)

Tomlinson, Sean; Mathialagan, Priya D; Maloney, Shane K

2014-04-01

The measurement of (86)Rb turnover recently has been suggested as a useful method for measuring field metabolic rate in small animals. We investigated a proposed mechanism of (86)Rb turnover, its analogy to K(+), by comparing the turnover of (86)Rb in a model insect, the rhinoceros beetle Xylotrupes gideon, fed a diet of plum jam or plum jam enriched with K(+) or Rb(+). The turnover of (86)Rb in the beetles on the K(+) and the Rb(+) diets was higher than that for beetles on the jam diet (F2,311=32.4; P=1.58×10(-13)). We also exposed the beetles to different ambient temperatures to induce differences in metabolic rate ( ) while feeding them the jam and K(+) diets. was higher at higher ambient temperature (Ta) for both jam (F1,11=14.56; P=0.003) and K(+) (F1,8=15.39; P=0.004) dietary groups, and the turnover of (86)Rb was higher at higher Ta for both jam (F1,11=10.80; P=0.007) and K(+) (F1,8=12.34; P=0.008) dietary groups. There was a significant relationship between (86)Rb turnover and for both the jam (F1,11=35.00; P=1.0×10(-3)) and the K(+) (F1,8=64.33; P=4.3×10(-5)) diets, but the relationship differed between the diets (F1,19=14.07; P=0.001), with a higher (86)Rb turnover in beetles on the K(+)-enriched than on the jam diet at all Ta. We conclude that (86)Rb turnover is related to K(+) metabolism, and that this is the mechanism of the relationship between (86)Rb turnover and . Studies relating (86)Rb turnover to should maintain dietary [K] as close as possible to that of natural diets for the most accurate calibrations for free-ranging animals.

Absorption spectra of thin films of triple compounds in the system RbIPbI2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yunakova, O.N.; Miloslavskij, V.K.; Ksenofontova, E.V.; Kovalenko, E.N.

2012-01-01

A formation of compounds RbPbI 3 and Rb 4 PbI 6 in the system RbI-PbI 2 is revealed and their absorption spectra are investigated in an energy interval 2-6 eV and a temperatures range 90-500 K. It is established that the low-frequency exciton excitations are localized in PbI 6 4- structural elements of the crystal lattice, they are classified as excitons of intermediate coupling and are of a three-dimensional character in RbPbI 3 and a quasi-two-dimensional one in Rb 4 PbI 6 .

Perfusion imaging using rubidium-82 ((82)Rb) PET in rats with myocardial infarction

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clemmensen, Andreas Ettrup; Ghotbi, Adam Ali; Bodholdt, Rasmus Poul

2017-01-01

Assessing myocardial perfusion using 82Rb-PET is emerging as a valuable clinical tool.1,2 The rapid decay (T½ = 76 s) allows for absolute quantification of both rest and stress perfusion within 30 minutes. In addition to evaluation of epicardial disease with perfusion defects, also evaluation...... of balanced coronary and small vessel disease is possible. For further evaluation of how 82Rb-PET can be used clinically, pre-clinical application of the method would be valuable. However, so far no data on the use of 82Rb-PET in small animals have been published nor has the use of 82Rb-PET, to the best...

Copper interactions in TlCu7S4 and TlCu7Se4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Noren, L.; Delaplane, R.G.; Berger, R.

1999-01-01

Complete text of publication follows. The copper chalcogenides ACu 7 S 4 (A=NH 4 + , Tl + , Rb + ) are quasi-one-dimensional metals at ambient and higher temperatures which is due to the high mobility of copper in these structures. TlCu 7 S 4 and TlCu 7 Se 4 are isostructural compounds, space group I4/m, which can be described on the basis of a TlX 8 cube with two different Cu sites, Cu(1) and Cu(2). Cu(2)-Cu(2) zigzag chains run along the c axis with only 3/4 occupation of the Cu(2) sites. However, these two compounds differ in behaviour on cooling. The sulphide shows a polymorphic first-order transition to the CsAg 7 S 4 type (P4/n) owing to ordering of the vacancies in the Cu(2)-Cu(2) chains. In order to study the nature of the Cu(2) order/disorder in the two title compounds, a series of neutron diffraction measurements (both Bragg and diffuse scattering) were made at several temperatures from 40 to 713 K on the instrument SLAD at Studsvik. The structure at each temperature was modelled using RMC techniques. The resulting configuration show that as the temperature increases, there is a marked increase in the mobility of the Cu atoms in the Cu(2)-Cu(2) chains for TlCu 7 S 4 but not for TlCu 7 Se 4 . This is due to the initial difference in the Cu(2)-Cu(2) distances, only 2.2A for the thiocuprate, but 2.7A in the selenocuprate which explains the relative ease for Cu(2) ordering in the latter case. (author)

Concentration of 134Cs and 137Cs in Malaysian palm products

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yii Mei Wo; Nor Aza Hassan; Narizan Sanusi

2008-08-01

Until today, countries importing food products from Malaysia, in region such as Indian Continental, Middle East, Central Europe and Central America still require the products to be tested for the radioactive contamination particularly for 134 Cs and 137 Cs. Information extracted from 3371 analytical results observed on isotopic concentration for 134 Cs and 137 Cs in the exported Malaysia origins palm products between years 2002 until 2007 had been summarized and reported in this work. Data shown that the concentration level of the concerned radio nuclides are below the minimum detectable activity and also well below maximum permissible limits adopted by Malaysian Government and also the international bodies. (Author)

RB4CD12 epitope expression and heparan sulfate disaccharide composition in brain vasculature.

Science.gov (United States)

Hosono-Fukao, Tomomi; Ohtake-Niimi, Shiori; Nishitsuji, Kazuchika; Hossain, Md Motarab; van Kuppevelt, Toin H; Michikawa, Makoto; Uchimura, Kenji

2011-11-01

RB4CD12 is a phage display antibody that recognizes a heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycan epitope. The epitope structure is proposed to contain a trisulfated disaccharide, [-IdoA(2-OSO(3))-GlcNSO(3) (6-OSO(3))-], which supports HS binding to various macromolecules such as growth factors and cytokines in central nervous tissues. Chemically modified heparins that lack the trisulfated disaccharides failed to inhibit the RB4CD12 recognition of HS chains. To determine the localization of the RB4CD12 anti-HS epitope in the brain, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis for cryocut sections of mouse brain. The RB4CD12 staining signals were colocalized with laminin and were detected abundantly in the vascular basement membrane. Bacterial heparinases eliminated the RB4CD12 staining signals. The RB4CD12 epitope localization was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. Western blotting analysis revealed that the size of a major RB4CD12-positive molecule is ∼460 kDa in a vessel-enriched fraction of the mouse brain. Disaccharide analysis with reversed-phase ion-pair HPLC showed that [-IdoA(2-OSO(3))-GlcNSO(3) (6-OSO(3))-] trisulfated disaccharide residues are present in HS purified from the vessel-enriched brain fraction. These results indicated that the RB4CD12 anti-HS epitope exists in large quantities in the brain vascular basement membrane. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Coupled fast-thermal system at the 'RB' nuclear reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pesic, M.

1987-04-01

The results of the analyses of the possibility of the coupled fast-thermal system (CFTS) design at the 'RB' nuclear reactor are shown. As the proof of the theoretical analyses the first stage CFTS-1 has been designed, realized, and tested. The excellent agreement between the results of the CFTS-1 studies and the theoretical predictions opens a straight way to the second, the final stage - realization of the designed CFST at the 'RB' nuclear reactor. (author)

Separation of 134Cs and 137Cs from 125I solution for medical applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ram, Ramu; Dash, Ashutosh; Banerjee, Dayamoy

2015-01-01

While neutron irradiation of natural Xe gas followed by wet chemical dissolution of activation products constitutes a successful paradigm for the small scale production 125 I, the concomitant production of 134 Cs and 137 Cs emerged as the primary impediment which necessitates purification of 125 I solution. This paper describes an ion-exchange chromatographic technique using Resorcinol Formaldehyde (RF) resin to purify 125 I solution from 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities. A thorough investigation of the adsorption parameters of RF resin was carried out to arrive at the experimental conditions resulting optimum retention of 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities. Based on the experimental findings, an optimized separation procedure was developed in which the neutron irradiated dissolved products at pH ∝ 13 was passed through a chromatography column containing RF resin where in 134 Cs and 137 Cs impurities gets adsorbed leaving behind 125 I to appear in the effluent. The overall recovery of 125 I was >90% with acceptable purity amenable for clinical applications.

Study of some properties of zirconium phosphate; Etude de quelques proprietes du phosphate de zirconium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prospert, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-05-01

Zirconium phosphate has been studied with a view to using it as an ion exchanger: the first objective was to develop a method of preparation easy to apply and also reproducible. To this end, several tests were carried out varying the molar ratios of phosphorus and of zirconium. Some physical properties such as the diffraction of X-rays were examined. The work then involved certain chemical properties, particularly the percentages of free water and structural water given by the loss on calcination, the Karl-Fisher method and the weight losses by thermogravimetry. Finally an attempts was made to apply the exchanger to the separation of alkaline ions. The static tests showed that the order of fixation of these ions was Cs{sup +} > Rb{sup +} >> K{sup +} > Na{sup +}. Tests with columns showed that Na{sup +} and K{sup +} were easily separable, as was the Rb{sup +}-Cs{sup +} mixture, this last pair being fairly difficult to dissociate. (author) [French] Le phosphate de zirconium a ete etudie en vue de son utilisation comme echangeur d'ions: le premier but a atteindre a ete de mettre au point une preparation pouvant se reveler facilement utilisable ainsi qu'aisement reproductible. A cet effet, plusieurs essais ont ete effectues en faisant varier les rapports molaires du phosphore et du zirconium. Quelques proprietes physiques, telle la diffraction des rayons X, ont ete abordees. Ensuite, l'etude a porte sur certaines proprietes chimiques, particulierement les pourcentages d'eau libre et d'eau de structure par des pertes au feu, utilisation de la methode de Karl-Fisher, ainsi que des pertes de poids a la thenmobalance. Enfin, on a tente d'utiliser l'echangeur a la separation des ions alcalins. Les etudes statiques ont permis de constater que l'ordre de fixation de ces ions etait Cs{sup +} > Rb{sup +} >> K{sup +} > Na{sup +}. Les essais effectues en colonne ont montre que Na{sup +} et K{sup +} etaient aisement separables entre eux, ainsi que du couple Rb{sup +}-Cs{sup +}, ce

Kinetics of potassium, rubidium and cesium in rat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Natsuhori, Masahiro; Kosaka, Shigetoshi; Nishikawa, Miki; Okida, Masato; Ito, Nobuhiko

1998-01-01

Apparent incorporation rates of K and Rb into red blood cells were investigated in rats in consideration of passive diffusion to clarify in vivo kinetics of alkali metals. First, the incorporation rates of K and Rb into blood cells were determined by incubating blood samples from SD rat with 42 K and 86 Rb-buffers. And parameters involving in these incorporations such as Vmax (maximum rate of active transport), {S} (substrate concentration), Km (Michaelis constant), n (cooperativity of active transport), etc. were evaluated based on the time-course changes in K and Rb incorporation. Then, K and Rb were given to SD rats and the respective levels in plasma, red blood cells and urine were determined. The parameters were evaluated based on the time course changes in these levels by using compartment model. Similarly, the kinetics of Cs were investigated in rats. The absorption, distribution and disappearance of alkali metals were investigated in vivo to compare in vivo kinetics among the metals. By applying the kinetic parameters analyzed, Cs kinetics, in vivo could be estimated and Cs intake was able to be also estimated by determining the Cs levels of blood cells, urine and plasma. (M.N.)

[Energy pooling collisions for K(4P) + Cs(5D) in a K-Cs mixture].

Science.gov (United States)

Aihemaiti, Pulati; Dai, Kang; Lu, Xin-hong; Shen, Yi-fan

2005-04-01

The rate coefficients for energy-pooling collisions K(4P) + Cs(5D) --> Cs(6S) + K(4D, 6S) in the K-Cs vapor mixture were measured relative to a known energy-pooling rate coefficient of a homonuclear reaction [i. e., Cs(6P) + Cs(5D) --> Cs(6S) + Cs (7D(J))]. Populations of the Cs(6P, 5D) and K(4P) states were produced by photodissociation of K2 and Cs2 molecules through the use of a dye laser radiation. The resulting fluorescence included the direct components emitted in the decay of the excited states produced by photodissociation and the induced components arising from the collisionally populated states. By combining relative intensities of the components with the effective lifetimes of Cs(6P) and K(4P) states, the rate coefficients (in units of 10(-9) cm3 x s(-1)) for the heteronuclear energy-pooling were found to be 2.6 and 3.6, respectively. The contribution to the rate coefficients from other processes are discussed.

Study of reactor parameters of on critical systems, Phase I: Safety report for RB zero power reactor; Ispitivanje reaktorskih parametara na kriticnim sistemima, I faza: Izvestaj o sigurnosti reaktora nulte snage RB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raisic, N [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1962-09-15

In addition to the safety analysis for the zero power RB reactor, this report contains a general description of the reactor, reactor components, auxiliary equipment and the reactor building. Reactor Rb has been reconstructed during 1961-1962 and supplied with new safety-control system as well as with a complete dosimetry instrumentation. Since RB reactor was constructed without shielding special attention is devoted to safety and protection of the staff performing experiments. Due to changed circumstances in the Institute ( start-up of the RA 7 MW power reactor) the role of the RB reactor was redefined.

Caracterización química de la cerámica arqueológica de Cotahuasi mediante análisis por activación neutrónica

OpenAIRE

Bedregal, Patricia; Mendoza, Pablo; Ubillús, Marco; Montoya, Eduardo

2010-01-01

Se ha determinado las concentraciones de As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, La, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Th, Yb, en 121 fragmentos de cerámicos arqueológicos encontrados en el valle de Cotahuasi, mediante análisis por activación neutrónica instrumental, según el método k-subcero. Se ha comparado los resultados con la composición química elemental de la cerámica Tiwanaku y la cerámica Wari de Ayacucho y Cusco, encontrándose que los grupos de Ayacucho, Cotahuasi, Cusco y Tiwanaku se encuentran sepa...

Neutron activation analysis of phytotherapic obtained from medicinal plants; Analise por ativacao com neutrons de fitoterapicos obtidos de plantas medicinais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moreira, Henrique S. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas]. E-mail: hs_moreira@hotmail.com; Saiki, Mitiko; Vasconcellos, Marina B.A. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)]. E-mails: mitiko@ipen.br; mbvascon@ipen.br

2007-07-01

This paper determines the inorganic constituents in phytotherapic samples for posterior study of the relationship existent among the concentrations of the found elements and the their possible therapeutical effects. The samples of phytotherapic pills (Centella asiatica, Ginkgo biloba and Ginseng) were analysed by using neutron activation analysis (NAA). The As, Br, Ca, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, La, Na, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn samples were determined in the phytotherapics, The Centella asiatica presented the higher concentrations of Br, Co, Cr, Fe, K, La, Na, Rb, Sc, Se and Zn. In the sample of Ginko biloba, higher levels of As and Ca were found, while in the sample ol Ginseng the element As were not detected. The found results have shown the the NAA method is appropriated for analysing this type of materials due to his simplicity, multielemental capacity and quality of the results obtained. (author)

Uptake of /sup 86/Rb/sup +/ into photoautotrophic mesophyll cells of Papaver somniferum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaiser, W.M.; Jeschke, W.D.; Hartung, W.

1982-06-01

Uptake of /sup 86/Rb/sup +/, used as a tracer for potassium, into isolated photoautotrophic mesophyll cells of Papaver somniferum was weakly but consistently stimulated in the light. It showed mono-phasic saturation kinetics with a pH optimum of 7.0, a Vsub(max) of 6.7 ..mu..mol mg/sup -1/ Chl x h/sup -1/ and a Ksub(m) of 2.7 mmol l/sup -1/. Different anions as Cl/sup -/, NO/sub 3//sup -/ and PO/sub 4//sup 3 -/ had no effects on /sup 86/Rb/sup +/ uptake. Sodium ions influenced Rb/sup +/-uptake very weakly, indicating a high K/sup +/ -specificity of the mesophyll cell plasmalemma. Fusicoccin stimulated /sup 86/Rb/sup +/ -uptake strongly whereas abscisic acid inhibited uptake only following preincubation for two hours. Nitrite, CCCP and Dio-9 inhibited /sup 86/Rb/sup +/-uptake which gives evidence that this process is dependent on intact pH-gradients within the cells and on ATP-formation.

Autochthonous tumors driven by Rb1 loss have an ongoing requirement for the RBP2 histone demethylase.

Science.gov (United States)

McBrayer, Samuel K; Olenchock, Benjamin A; DiNatale, Gabriel J; Shi, Diana D; Khanal, Januka; Jennings, Rebecca B; Novak, Jesse S; Oser, Matthew G; Robbins, Alissa K; Modiste, Rebecca; Bonal, Dennis; Moslehi, Javid; Bronson, Roderick T; Neuberg, Donna; Nguyen, Quang-De; Signoretti, Sabina; Losman, Julie-Aurore; Kaelin, William G

2018-04-17

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene ( RB1 ) product, pRB, is common in many human cancers. Targeting downstream effectors of pRB that are central to tumorigenesis is a promising strategy to block the growth of tumors harboring loss-of-function RB1 mutations. One such effector is retinoblastoma-binding protein 2 (RBP2, also called JARID1A or KDM5A), which encodes an H3K4 demethylase. Binding of pRB to RBP2 has been linked to the ability of pRB to promote senescence and differentiation. Importantly, genetic ablation of RBP2 is sufficient to phenocopy pRB's ability to induce these cellular changes in cell culture experiments. Moreover, germline Rbp2 deletion significantly impedes tumorigenesis in Rb1 +/- mice. The value of RBP2 as a therapeutic target in cancer, however, hinges on whether loss of RBP2 could block the growth of established tumors as opposed to simply delaying their onset. Here we show that conditional, systemic ablation of RBP2 in tumor-bearing Rb1 +/- mice is sufficient to slow tumor growth and significantly extend survival without causing obvious toxicity to the host. These findings show that established Rb1 -null tumors require RBP2 for growth and further credential RBP2 as a therapeutic target in human cancers driven by RB1 inactivation.

Zero energy reactor 'RB'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Popovic, D; Takac, S; Markovic, H; Raisic, N; Zdravkovic, Z; Radanovic, Lj [Boris Kidric Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Vinca, Beograd (Yugoslavia)

1959-03-15

In 1958 the zero energy reactor RB was built with the purpose of enabling critical experiments with various reactor systems to be carried out. The first core assembly built in this reactor consists of heavy water as moderator and natural uranium metal as fuel. In order to be able to obtain very accurate results when measuring the main characteristics of the assembly the reactor was built as a completely bare system. (author)

Changing US Attributes After CS-US Pairings Changes CS-Attribute-Assessments: Evidence for CS-US Associations in Attribute Conditioning.

Science.gov (United States)

Förderer, Sabine; Unkelbach, Christian

2016-03-01

Attribute Conditioning (AC) refers to people's changed assessments of stimuli's (CSs) attributes due to repeated pairing with stimuli (USs) possessing these attributes; for example, when an athletic person (US) is paired with a neutral person (CS), the neutral person is judged to be more athletic after the pairing. We hypothesize that this AC effect is due to CSs' associations with USs rather than direct associations with attributes. Three experiments test this hypothesis by changing US attributes after CS-US pairings. Experiments 1 and 2 conditioned athleticism by pairing neutral men (CSs) with athletic and non-athletic USs. Post-conditioning, USs' athleticism was reversed, which systematically influenced participants' assessment of CS athleticism. Experiment 3 conditioned athleticism and changed USs' musicality after CS-US pairings. This post-conditioning change affected musicality assessments of CSs but did not influence athleticism-assessments. The results indicate that AC effects are based on an associative CS-US-attribute structure. © 2016 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

A novel vanadosilicate with hexadeca-coordinated Cs+ ions as a highly effective Cs+ remover

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Datta, Shuvo Jit; Moon, Won Kyung; Choi, Do Young; Hwang, In Chul; Yoon, Kyung Byung

2014-01-01

The effective removal of 137 Cs + ions from contaminated groundwater and seawater and from radioactive nuclear waste solutions is crucial for public health and for the continuous operation of nuclear power plants. Various 137 Cs + removers have been developed, but more effective 137 Cs + removers are still needed. A novel microporous vanadosilicate with mixed-valence vanadium (V 4+ and V 5+ ) ions is now reported, which shows an excellent ability for Cs + capture and immobilization from groundwater, seawater, and nuclear waste solutions. This material is superior to other known materials in terms of selectivity, capacity, and kinetics, and at very low Cs + concentrations, it was found to be the most effective material for the removal of radioactive Cs + ions under the test conditions. This novel vanadosilicate also contains hexadeca-coordinated Cs + ions, which corresponds to the highest coordination number ever described.

Rb/Sr establishes an age of 61 to 67 Ma for Colombian emeralds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ordonez, F Romero; Kawashita, Koji; Schultz-Guttler, R

2001-01-01

The age of emeralds is related to the environment within which they form and can be dated by geochronological methods of which the rubidium-strontium (Rb-Sr) method (Faure, 1986) is the best to date the emeralds and its host rocks (Vidal et al., 1992). Isotopic studies done by Vidal et al. (1992) established two different geochronological environments for dating emeralds depending on their ages: emeralds from Precambrian rocks in Brazil, Madagascar and Zambia with high radiogenic strontium enrichment due to the older ages and high Rb contents and emeralds hosted by younger rocks in Colombia, Paquistan and Afganistan generally, with low 87 Rb/ 86 Sr range and low radiogenic Sr enrichment, and low content of Rb (au)

Rb-Sr isochrone dating of granitoids from Tribec Mts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagdasaryan, G.P.; Gukasyan, R.Kh.; Cambel, B.; Broska, I.

1990-01-01

The results of Rb-Sr isochrone dating of granitoids from the Tribec-Zobor crystalline complex region are presented. Whole-rock Rb-Sr isochrone indicates an age of 352±5 m.y., the initial ratio being ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) 0 =0.70582±0.00008, which approaches the hitherto published initial ratios from the Tatric-Veporide part of the crystalline complex. This indicates a common source of granitoid rocks over the entire region studied. (author). 2 figs., 1 tab., 15 refs

Microbial transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 to compound K by Lactobacillus paralimentarius.

Science.gov (United States)

Quan, Lin-Hu; Kim, Yeon-Ju; Li, Guan Hao; Choi, Kwang-Tea; Yang, Deok-Chun

2013-06-01

In this study, the major ginsenoside Rb1 was transformed into the more pharmacologically active minor compound K by food grade Lactobacillus paralimentarius LH4, which was isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The enzymatic reaction was analyzed by TLC, HPLC, and NMR. Using the cell-free enzyme of Lactobacillus paralimentarius LH4 at optimal conditions for 30 °C at pH 6.0, 1.0 mg ml(-1) ginsenoside Rb1 was transformed into 0.52 mg ml(-1) compound K within 72 h, with a corresponding molar conversion yield of 88 %. The cell-free enzyme hydrolyzed the two glucose moieties attached to the C-3 position and the outer glucose moiety attached to the C-20 position of the ginsenoside Rb1. The cell-free enzyme hydrolyzed the ginsenoside Rb1 along the following pathway: ginsenoside Rb1 → gypenoside XVII and ginsenoside Rd → ginsenoside F2 → compound K. Our results indicate that Lactobacillus paralimentarius LH4 has the potential to be applied for the preparation of compound K in the food industry.

Ginsenoside Rb1 for Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Qun Zheng

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Ginseng is an important herbal drug that has been used worldwide for many years. Ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1, the major pharmacological extract from ginseng, possesses a variety of biological activities in the cardiovascular systems. Here, we conducted a preclinical systematic review to investigate the efficacy of G-Rb1 for animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and its possible mechanisms. Ten studies involving 211 animals were identified by searching 6 databases from inception to May 2017. The methodological quality was assessed by using the CAMARADES 10-item checklist. All the data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. As a result, the score of study quality ranged from 3 to 7 points. Meta-analyses showed that G-Rb1 can significantly decrease the myocardial infarct size and cardiac enzymes (including lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB when compared with control group (P<0.01. Significant decrease in cardiac troponin T and improvement in the degree of ST-segment depression were reported in one study (P<0.05. Additionally, the possible mechanisms of G-Rb1 for myocardial infarction are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis, promoting angiogenesis and improving the circulation. Thus, G-Rb1 is a potential cardioprotective candidate for further clinical trials of myocardial infarction.

Searching for new thermoelectrics in chemically and structurally complex bismuth chalcogenides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, D Y; Hogan, T; Schindler, J; Iordanidis, L; Brazis, P; Kannewurf, C R; Chen, B; Uher, C; Kanatzidis, M G

1997-07-01

A solid state chemistry synthetic approach towards identifying new materials with potentially superior thermoelectric properties is presented. Materials with complex compositions and structures also have complex electronic structures which may give rise to high thermoelectric powers and at the same time possess low thermal conductivities. The structures and thermoelectric properties of several new promising compounds with K-Bi-Se, K-Bi-S, Ba-Bi-Te, Cs-Bi-Te, and Rb-bi-Te are reported.

Determination of essential trace elements in diets from pre-school children; Determinacao de elementos traco essenciais em dietas de criancas de idade pre-escolar

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maihara, Vera Akiko; San Miguel, Americo T.; Vasconcellos, Marina Beatriz A. [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

1995-12-31

The contents of Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, Mn, Na, Rb, Se and Zn in the 19 diet samples taken from pre-school children were determined by neutron activation analysis. The diet samples were collected by duplicate portion method. The daily intake values obtained were compared with the RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) values. The precision and accuracy were evaluated by analyzing two biological reference materials. (author). 7 refs., 4 tabs.

Hybridization of Single Nanocrystals of Cs4PbBr6 and CsPbBr3.

Science.gov (United States)

Weerd, Chris de; Lin, Junhao; Gomez, Leyre; Fujiwara, Yasufumi; Suenaga, Kazutomo; Gregorkiewicz, Tom

2017-09-07

Nanocrystals of all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites (CsPbX 3 , X = Cl, Br, I) feature high absorption and efficient narrow-band emission which renders them promising for future generation of photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Colloidal ensembles of these nanocrystals can be conveniently prepared by chemical synthesis. However, in the case of CsPbBr 3 , its synthesis can also yield nanocrystals of Cs 4 PbBr 6 and the properties of the two are easily confused. Here, we investigate in detail the optical characteristics of simultaneously synthesized green-emitting CsPbBr 3 and insulating Cs 4 PbBr 6 nanocrystals. We demonstrate that, in this case, the two materials inevitably hybridize, forming nanoparticles with a spherical shape. The actual amount of these Cs 4 PbBr 6 nanocrystals and nanohybrids increases for synthesis at lower temperatures, i.e., the condition typically used for the development of perovskite CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals with smaller sizes. We use state-of-the-art electron energy loss spectroscopy to characterize nanoparticles at the single object level. This method allows distinguishing between optical characteristics of a pure Cs 4 PbBr 6 and CsPbBr 3 nanocrystal and their nanohybrid. In this way, we resolve some of the recent misconceptions concerning possible visible absorption and emission of Cs 4 PbBr 6 . Our method provides detailed structural characterization, and combined with modeling, we conclusively identify the nanospheres as CsPbBr 3 /Cs 4 PbBr 6 hybrids. We show that the two phases are independent of each other's presence and merge symbiotically. Herein, the optical characteristics of the parent materials are preserved, allowing for an increased absorption in the UV due to Cs 4 PbBr 6 , accompanied by the distinctive efficient green emission resulting from CsPbBr 3 .

Seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pré-emergência da cultura da cana-de-açúcar (RB 867515 tratada com nematicidas Selectivity of herbicides applied on pre-emergence of nematicide-treated sugarcane crop (RB 867515

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.F. Barela

2006-06-01

Full Text Available A aplicação simultânea de duas ou mais classes de defensivos sobre uma cultura agrícola pode provocar toxicidade às plantas. Assim, conduziu-se um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas à cultura da cana-de-açúcar (RB 867515, quando aplicados em condição de pré-emergência, em áreas previamente tratadas com nematicidas no sulco de plantio. O experimento foi desenvolvido em área comercial de produção de cana-de-açúcar, no município de Piracicaba - SP, entre abril de 2003 e julho de 2004. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação entre nove fatores herbicidas e quatro fatores nematicidas. Os herbicidas usados no experimento foram: sulfentrazone, tebuthiuron, metribuzin, ametrina, diuron, clomazone, pendimethalin e diuron + hexazinone, além de uma testemunha capinada. Os nematicidas utilizados foram: carbofuran, terbufós, aldicarb e uma testemunha sem nematicida. Avaliou-se a fitotoxicidade das diferentes combinações aos 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias após a brotação, o rendimento (t ha-1 e os parâmetros tecnológicos qualitativos. Observou-se que a seletividade inicial dos herbicidas foi prejudicada em função da interação das diferentes classes de defensivos utilizadas. Os sintomas de fitotoxicidade foram agudos, e os casos mais evidentes se originaram da associação dos nematicidas com clomazone, pendimethalin e tebuthiuron. Contudo, os danos fitotóxicos não se refletiram em perdas significativas de rendimento ou de qualidade de colmos, fato esse que pode ter sido influenciado pela capacidade de recuperação de injúrias apresentada pela variedade RB 867515, pela ocorrência de altas infestações de nematóides ou pela elevada variabilidade experimental.Simultaneous applications of two or more classes of herbicides on a crop may promote ,totoxicity in the plants. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate herbicide selectivity in sugarcane, when applied under pre-emergence condition, in

Properties of Cs-intercalated single wall carbon nanotubes investigated by 133Cs Nuclear Magnetic resonance

KAUST Repository

Schmid, Marc R.

2012-11-01

In the present study, we investigated Cs-intercalated single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) using 133Cs Nuclear Magnetic resonance. We show that there are two types of Cs cations depending on the insertion level. Indeed, at low concentrations, Static spectra analysis shows that the Cs (α)+ species are fully ionized, i.e. α equal ca.1, while at higher concentrations a second paramagnetically shifted line appears, indicating the formation of Cs (β)+ ions with β < α ∼ +1. At low concentrations and low temperatures the Cs (α)+ ions exhibit a weak hyperfine coupling to the SWCNT conduction electrons, whereas, at higher temperatures, a thermally activated slow-motion diffusion process of the Cs (α)+ ions occurs along the interstitial channels present within the carbon nanotube bundles. At high concentrations, the Cs (β)+ ions seem to occupy well defined positions relative to the carbon lattice. As a matter of fact, the Korringa relaxation behavior suggests a strong hyperfine coupling between Cs nuclei and conduction electrons in the carbon nanotubes and a partial charge transfer, which suggest a plausible Cs(6s)-C(2p) hybridization. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

RB Research nuclear reactor, Annual report for 1995, I-IV; Istrazivacki nuklearni reaktor RB, Izvestaj o radu u 1995. godini, I-IV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stefanovic, D; Milosevic, M; Pesic, M [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia); Marinkovic, P [Elektrotehnicki fakultet, Beograd (Yugoslavia); Ilic, R; Dasic, N; Milovanovic, S; Ljubenov, V; Petronijevic, M; Jevremovic, M [Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinca, Belgrade (Yugoslavia)

1995-12-15

Report on RB reactor operation during 1995 contains 3 parts. Part one contains a brief description of reactor operation and reactor components, relevant dosimetry data and radiation protection issues, personnel and financial data. Part two is devoted to maintenance of the reactor components, namely, fuel, heavy water, reactor vessel, heavy water circulation system, absorption rods and heavy water level-meters, maintenance of electronic, mechanical, electrical and auxiliary equipment. Part three contains data concerned with reactor operation and utilization with a comprehensive list of publications resulting from experiments done at the RB reactor.

Rb-Sr dating in orthogneisses and the age of Serido group, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Macedo, M.H.F.; Sa, E.F.J. de; Sa, J.M.

1984-01-01

The conclusions of the geochronologic study, by Rb-Sr method, of orthogneisses from Serido Group, Northeast of Brazil, are presented. Metamorphic and granitic rocks were analysed by X-ray fluorescence, to determine the Rb and Sr quantity. (M.C.K.) [pt

NaPdPS{sub 4} and RbPdPS{sub 4}: systems with infinite straight ((1)/({infinity}))[PdPS{sub 4}]{sup -} chains soluble in polar solvents and the structure of cubic RbPdPS{sub 4}{l_brace}Rb{sub 0.33}P{sub 0.4}S{sub 2.23}O{sub x}{r_brace}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coste, Servane; Hanko, Jason; Bujoli-Doeuff, Martine; Louarn, Guy; Evain, Michel; Brec, Raymond; Alonso, Bruno; Jobic, S; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G

2003-11-01

The synthesis, crystal structures, chemical and spectroscopic properties of NaPdPS{sub 4}, RbPdPS{sub 4}, and RbPdPS{sub 4}{l_brace}Rb{sub 0.33}P{sub 0.4}S{sub 2.23}O{sub x}{r_brace} are described. NaPdPS{sub 4}, RbPdPS{sub 4}, are isostructural and crystallize in the tetragonal system I4/mcm with cell parameters a=7.3074(8) A, c=12.2308(14) A and a=8.2954(3) A, c=12.2284(4) A respectively. RbPdPS{sub 4}{l_brace}Rb{sub 0.33}P{sub 0.4}S{sub 2.23}O{sub x}{r_brace} is cubic, space group Pm-3n and a=12.0042(2) A. All compounds contain the same ((1)/({infinity}))[PdPS{sub 4}]{sup -} chains made of alternating square planar Pd{sup 2+} cations and tetrahedral [PS{sub 4}]{sup 3-} anions. RbPdPS{sub 4}{l_brace}Rb{sub 0.33}P{sub 0.4}S{sub 2.23}O{sub x}{r_brace} contains co-crystallized highly disordered molecular species encapsulated within [Rb{sub 8}] cubic cavities. Spectroscopic solid state {sup 31}P NMR, infrared and Raman data as well as elemental analysis suggest that these species could be S{sub n}{sup 2-} (n=3 or 4) anions and possibly cationic [P{sub 4}S{sub 6}O]{sup 6+} fragments. NaPdPS{sub 4} and RbPdPS{sub 4} exhibit exfoliative dissolution in polar solvents giving rise to solutions that show signs of complex fluid behavior.

Production of 81Rb/sup 81m/Kr generators with 60-MeV protons at BLIP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mausner, L.F.; Richards, P.

1983-01-01

By bombarding natural krypton gas with approx. 63 MeV protons, 81 Rb is formed by (p,4n) reaction from high abundance 84 Kr (57%) as well as some additional contribution from 83 Kr (11.5%) and 82 Kr (11.6%) by (p,3n) and (p,2n) reactions, respectively. The production rate of 81 Rb is typically 1.5 mCi/μAh. This production rate is sufficient to create up to several hundred millicuries per run if necessary, enough for several high activity 81 Rb/sup 81m/Kr generators. Presently generators that deliver 10 to 20 mCi to the lungs are produced weekly for on-site use. The only other important activity in the solution is Rb-82m (6.4 hr). Small amounts of Br-76 (16.1 hr), Br-77 (57 hr), Br-82 (35.5 hr), Rb-83 (86.2 d), and Rb-84 (33 d) were also present. The bromine impurities pose no problem since they are not trapped on the generator. Rb-82m and Rb-84 decay to stable Kr-82 and Kr-84 in the generator and do not interfere with Kr-81m studies

Topologically identical, but geometrically isomeric layers in hydrous α-, β-Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2)]·H2O and anhydrous Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2)

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Na; Klepov, Vladislav V.; Villa, Eric M.; Bosbach, Dirk; Suleimanov, Evgeny V.; Depmeier, Wulf; Albrecht-Schmitt, Thomas E.; Alekseev, Evgeny V.

2014-07-01

The hydrothermal reaction of uranyl nitrate with rubidium nitrate and arsenic (III) oxide results in the formation of polymorphic α- and β-Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2)]·H2O (α-, β-RbUAs) and the anhydrous phase Rb[UO2(AsO3OH)(AsO2(OH)2)] (RbUAs). These phases were structurally, chemically and spectroscopically characterized. The structures of all three compounds are based upon topologically identical, but geometrically isomeric layers. The layers are linked with each other by means of the Rb cations and hydrogen bonding. Dehydration experiments demonstrate that water deintercalation from hydrous α- and β-RbUAs yields anhydrous RbUAs via topotactic reactions.

Derivation of Apollo 14 High-Al Basalts at Discrete Times: Rb-Sr Isotopic Constraints

Science.gov (United States)

Hui. Hejiu; Neal, Clive, R.; Shih, Chi-Yu; Nyquist, Laurence E.

2012-01-01

Pristine Apollo 14 (A-14) high-Al basalts represent the oldest volcanic deposits returned from the Moon [1,2] and are relatively enriched in Al2O3 (>11 wt%) compared to other mare basalts (7-11 wt%). Literature Rb-Sr isotopic data suggest there are at least three different eruption episodes for the A-14 high-Al basalts spanning the age range approx.4.3 Ga to approx.3.95 Ga [1,3]. Therefore, the high-Al basalts may record lunar mantle evolution between the formation of lunar crust (approx.4.4 Ga) and the main basin-filling mare volcanism (groups [5,6], and then regrouped into three with a possible fourth comprising 14072 based on the whole-rock incompatible trace element (ITE) ratios and Rb-Sr radiometric ages [7]. However, Rb-Sr ages of these basalts from different laboratories may not be consistent with each other because of the use of different 87Rb decay constants [8] and different isochron derivation methods over the last four decades. This study involved a literature search for Rb-Sr isotopic data previously reported for the high-Al basalts. With the re-calculated Rb-Sr radiometric ages, eruption episodes of A-14 high-Al basalts were determined, and their petrogenesis was investigated in light of the "new" Rb-Sr isotopic data and published trace element abundances of these basalts.

Dosimetry system of the RB reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lolic, B.; Vukadin, D.

1962-01-01

Although RB reactor is operated at very low power levels, safety and dosimetry systems have high importance. This paper shows detailed dosimetry system with fundamental typical components. Estimated radiation doses dependent on reactor power are given at some characteristic points in the rooms nearby reactor

Development of partitioning method. Adsorption of cesium with mordenite in acidic media

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Donnet, L.; Morita, Yasuji; Yamagishi, Isao; Kubota, Masumitsu [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment

1998-10-01

Adsorption of cesium with mordenite from a acidic solution, typically from a 0.5 mol/L nitric acid solution, was studied to examine the possibility to design a new separation scheme for partitioning of high-level liquid waste. Batch adsorption experiments showed that three mordenites examined (natural mordenite and two synthetic mordenites Zeolon 900Na and 900H) have very close behavior with the parameters of adsorption kinetics, the saturation capacity by Langmuir equation, the distribution coefficient of Cs and adsorption of other elements. In the Cs adsorption with the natural mordenite at 0.5 mol/L nitric acid, distribution coefficient was 1150 ml/g and the saturation capacity was 0.64 mmol/g. In the adsorption of Cs on column using the natural mordenite, the flow rate of the Cs solution modified only the 5% breakthrough point and gave no influence on the total capacity of Cs. Column experiments with a mixed solution of Cs, Rb, Na, Ba, Sr, Cr, Ni, Ru, Rh and Pd showed that cesium was adsorbed very selectively. Only about 4% of rubidium in a molar ratio were retained in the column. The total quantity of Cs and Rb adsorbed was 0.51 mmol/g at 0.5 mol/L nitric acid. Elution of Cs (and Rb) with 4 mol/L nitric acid was performed against the column of the loaded natural mordenite. The adsorbed Cs and Rb were well eluted, and a good mass balance was obtained between the adsorbed quantity by breakthrough curves and the quantity found in the eluate. (author)

Brain Transport Profiles of Ginsenoside Rb1 by Glucose Transporter 1: In Vitro and in Vivo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yu-Zhu Wang

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1 has been demonstrated its protection for central nervous system and is apparently highly distributed to the brain. The objective of this study was to characterize Rb1 transport at the blood–brain barrier (BBB using primary cultured rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (rBMEC, an in vitro BBB model. The initial uptake velocity of Rb1 in rBMEC was temperature- and concentration-dependent, and was significantly reduced by phloretin, an inhibitor of GLUT1 transporter, but was independent of metabolic inhibitor. Furthermore, the transport of Rb1 into rBMEC was significantly diminished in the presence of natural substrate α-D-glucose, suggesting a facilitated transport of Rb1 via GLUT1 transporter. The impact of GLUT1 on the distribution of Rb1 between brain and plasma was studied experimentally in rats. Administration of phloretin (5 mg/kg, i.v. to normal rats for consecutive 1 week before Rb1 (10 mg/kg, i.v. at 0.5, 2, and 6 h did not alter Rb1 concentrations in plasma, but resulted in significant decreased brain concentrations of Rb1 compared to in the phloretin-untreated normal rats (489.6 ± 58.3 versus 105.1 ± 15.1 ng/g, 193.8 ± 11.1 versus 84.8 ± 4.1 ng/g, and 114.2 ± 24.0 versus 39.9 ± 4.9 ng/g, respectively. The expression of GLUT1 in the phloretin-treated group by western blotting analysis in vitro and in vivo experiments was significantly decreased, indicating that the decreased transport of Rb1 in brain was well related to the down-regulated function and level of GLUT1. Therefore, our in vitro and in vivo results indicate that the transport of Rb1 at the BBB is at least partly mediated by GLUT1 transporter.

Structure of some complex halides of uranium(III)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volkov, V.A.; Suglobova, I.G.; Chirkst, D.E.

1987-01-01

Polycrystals of some halide complexes of uranium(III) were obtained and investigated by x-ray diffraction. The M 2 UCl 5 compounds (M = K, Rb) are isostructural with K 2 PrCl 5 ; RbU 2 Cl 7 is of the same type as RbDy 2 Cl 7 or KDy 2 Cl 7 . The coordination number of the uranium is 7. The M 2 UBr 5 compounds (M = K-Cs) are isostructural with Cs 2 DyCl 5 , and the coordination number of the uranium is 6. Rb 2 NaUCl 6 is a 12L-hexagonal polytype, the structural analog of Cs 2 NaCrF 6 . The most characteristic coordination number of uranium in the UHal 3 -MHal systems is 8 for Hal = F, 7 for Hal = Cl, and 6 for Hal = Br

APLIKASI TEKNIK AAN DI REAKTOR RSG-GAS PADA PENENTUAN UNSUR ESENSIAL DAN TOKSIK DI DALAM IKAN DAN PAKAN IKAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saeful Yusuf

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Pada makalah ini diuraikan tentang aplikasi teknik AAN (Analisis Aktivasi Neutron dalam penentuan konsentrasi unsur-unsur esensial dan cemaran yang terkandung di dalam beberapa spesies ikan dan pakan ikan. Unsur-unsur esensial yang terkandung dalam pakan ikan buatan juga dianalisis untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap ikan. Penentuan unsur menggunakan teknik AAN dengan metode perbandingan dan metode k0-AAN. Sampel diiradiasi di reaktor RSG-GAS yang memiliki fluks neutron thermal 5 x 1013 n.cm-2.s-1 pada daya 15 MW. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 12 unsur di dalam 11 spesies ikan air laut dan air tawar telah ditentukan yaitu As, Br, Cr, Co, Cs, Fe, Hg, K, Na, Rb, Se and Zn. Konsentrasi cemaran As didalam ikan laut sudah melampaui batas maksimum 1 mg/kg, sedangkan konsentrasi cemaran Hg masih dibawah batas maksimum 0,5 mg/kg, baik untuk ikan laut maupun ikan air tawar. Unsur K dan Na merupakan unsur makroesensial sedangkan unsur Cr, Co, Fe, Se and Zn adalah termasuk unsur mikroesensial. Secara umum ditunjukkan bahwa kandungan mineral didalam ikan laut lebih tinggi konsentrasinya dibandingkan ikan air tawar. Br, Cs dan Rb merupakan unsur-unsur non esensial yang teridentifikasi dalam semua ikan yang dianalisis. Penelitian terhadap pakan ikan air tawar menunjukkan bahwa semua unsur yang teridentifikasi juga terdapat di dalam ikan laut dan ikan air tawar. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pakan ikan berkontribusi terhadap konsentrasi unsur di dalam ikan air tawar. Kata kunci : Analisis aktivasi neutron, unsur esensial, unsur cemaran, ikan, pakan ikan   This paper reported on the application of NAA (Neutron Activation Analysis Technique in the determination of the concentration of the essential and toxic elements in some species of fish and fish feed. Determination of elements using instrumental NAA technique with comparison and k0-INAA methods. Samples were irradiated in the RSG-GAS which has a thermal neutron flux  5.0E +13 ncm-2s-1. The results

The crystal structure of Cs{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 3}.H{sub 2}O

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Winkler, Verena; Schlosser, Marc; Pfitzner, Arno [Regensburg Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer Anorganische Chemie

2016-08-01

A reinvestigation of the alkali metal thiosulfates has led to the new phase Cs{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 3}.H{sub 2}O. At first cesium thiosulfate monohydrate was obtained as a byproduct of the synthesis of Cs{sub 4}In{sub 2}S{sub 5}. Further investigations were carried out using the traditional synthesis reported by J. Meyer and H. Eggeling. Cs{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 3}.H{sub 2}O crystallizes in transparent, colorless needles. The crystal structure of the title compound was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction at room temperature: space group C2/m (No. 12), unit cell dimensions: a = 11.229(4), b = 5.851(2), c = 11.260(5) Aa, β = 95.89(2) , with Z = 4 and a cell volume of V = 735.9(5) Aa{sup 3}. The positions of all atoms including the hydrogen atoms were located in the structure refinement. Cs{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 3}.H{sub 2}O is isotypic with Rb{sub 2}S{sub 2}O{sub 3}.H{sub 2}O. Isolated tetrahedra [S{sub 2}O{sub 3}]{sup 2-} are coordinated by the alkali metal cations, and in addition they serve as acceptors for hydrogen bonding. For both Cs atoms the shortest distances are observed to oxygen atoms of the S{sub 2}O{sub 3}{sup 2-} anions whereas the terminating sulfur atom has its shortest contacts to the water hydrogen atoms. Thus, an extended hydrogen bonding network is formed. The title compound has also been characterized by IR spectroscopy. IR spectroscopy reveals the vibrational bands of the water molecules at 3385 cm{sup -1}. They show a red shift in the OH stretching and bending modes as compared to free water. This is due both to the S..H hydrogen bonding and to the coordination of H{sub 2}O molecules to the cesium atoms.

Complete neutronic nuclear data evaluation for 85Rb and 87Rb from 10-5 eV to 20 MeV

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simon, Gerard; Prince, Augustus; Lalie, Evelyne.

1981-04-01

The total, elastic, inelastic, capture, (n,p), (n,d), (n,t), (n, 3 He), (n,α), (n,2n), (n,n'p), (n,n'α) cross-sections have been evaluated for 85 Rb and 87 Rb in the 10 -5 eV - 20 MeV energy range. This evaluation is based on available experimental data and theoretical calculations carried out in the framework of spherical optical model and statistical model. Angular distributions for elastic and discret inelastic scattering, and energy distributions for continuum inelastic scattering and for (n,2n) reaction have also been calculated. This evaluation, set under ENDF/BIV format, completes and plainly improves the corresponding evaluation given in the ENDF/BIV files [fr

Indução de embriogênese somática em cana-de-açúcar RB935744

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo de Oliveira Almeida

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta morfogênica do genótipo RB935744 à indução de embriogênese somática com subsequente regeneração dos embriões. Segmentos transversais de folhas jovens medindo 2-3 mm de espessura foram cultivados em meio MS sólido contendo três diferentes concentrações de ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D para indução de calos embriogênicos. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos usando 31.5 µM L-1 de 2,4-D em 45 ou 60 dias de incubação em meio de indução, realizando de um a três subcultivos e incubando em meio de regeneração por 15 a 45 dias. Este resultado mostra que o protocolo de embriogênese somática para o genótipo RB935744 necessita de ajustes para se alcançar uma satisfatória produção de embriões somáticos.

Thermal gravimetric analysis of the CsCuCl3, Cs2CuCl4 and Cs2CuCl4x2H2O crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soboleva, L.V.; Vasil'eva, M.G.

1977-01-01

The thermal characteristics of crystals of Cs 2 CuCl 4 , Cs 2 CuCl 4 x2H 2 O, and CsCuCl 3 were investigated thermogravimetrically. The derivatogram of the Cs 2 CuCl 4 crystal is characterized by the presence of a single endothermal effect at 505 deg C. The derivatogram of the Cs 2 CuCl 4 x2H 2 O crystal contains three endothermal effects: at 40, 135, and 480 deg C. The derivatogram of the CsCuCl 3 crystal shows the presence of two endothermal effects at 142 and 455 deg C. The thermogravimetric data on Cs 2 CuCl 4 and CsCuCl 3 crystals reveal crystal decomposition on melting; hence, these crystals cannot be grown from melts

Rb and p53 Liver Functions Are Essential for Xenobiotic Metabolism and Tumor Suppression.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sathidpak Nantasanti

Full Text Available The tumor suppressors Retinoblastoma (Rb and p53 are frequently inactivated in liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC or infections with Hepatitis B or C viruses. Here, we discovered a novel role for Rb and p53 in xenobiotic metabolism, which represent a key function of the liver for metabolizing therapeutic drugs or toxins. We demonstrate that Rb and p53 cooperate to metabolize the xenobiotic 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC. DDC is metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 (Cyp3a enzymes resulting in inhibition of heme synthesis and accumulation of protoporphyrin, an intermediate of heme pathway. Protoporphyrin accumulation causes bile injury and ductular reaction. We show that loss of Rb and p53 resulted in reduced Cyp3a expression decreased accumulation of protoporphyrin and consequently less ductular reaction in livers of mice fed with DDC for 3 weeks. These findings provide strong evidence that synergistic functions of Rb and p53 are essential for metabolism of DDC. Because Rb and p53 functions are frequently disabled in liver diseases, our results suggest that liver patients might have altered ability to remove toxins or properly metabolize therapeutic drugs. Strikingly the reduced biliary injury towards the oxidative stress inducer DCC was accompanied by enhanced hepatocellular injury and formation of HCCs in Rb and p53 deficient livers. The increase in hepatocellular injury might be related to reduce protoporphyrin accumulation, because protoporphrin is well known for its anti-oxidative activity. Furthermore our results indicate that Rb and p53 not only function as tumor suppressors in response to carcinogenic injury, but also in response to non-carcinogenic injury such as DDC.

Phase precipitation of Yb 2+ ions in RbCl monocrystals monitored ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Optical absorption spectra of RbCl:Yb2+ crystals have been measured at several elevated temperatures up to 300C. Results showed that in hot RbCl:Yb2+ crystals, the Yb2+ ions occupied lattice sites with effective octahedral, O, point symmetry. Values of an energy parameter , which is an approximate measure of the ...

Operation of the Ca-dependent K(Rb)-transport in human lymphocytes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Szasz, I.; Sarkadi, B.; Gardos, G. (Orszagos Haematologiai es Vertranszfuzios Intezet, Budapest (Hungary))

1982-01-01

The transport pathways of the plasma membrane of human lymphocytes were studied based on /sup 86/Rb and /sup 45/Ca fluxes. Net Ca-uptake increases K(Rb)-permeability (Gardos-effect) and the membrane potential increases due to the subsequent K-efflux, enabling further Ca-uptake. The possible role of the above effects during lymphocyte stimulation is discussed.

Determination of the Rb atomic number density in dense rubidium vapors by absorption measurements of Rb2 triplet bands

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvatic, Vlasta; Veza, Damir; Niemax, Kay; Vadla, Cedomil

2008-01-01

A simple and accurate way of determining atom number densities in dense rubidium vapors is presented. The method relies on the experimental finding that the reduced absorption coefficients of the Rb triplet satellite bands between 740 nm and 750 nm and the triplet diffuse band between 600 nm and 610 nm are not temperature dependent in the range between 600 K and 800 K. Therefore, the absolute values of the reduced absorption coefficients of these molecular bands can provide accurate information about atomic number density of the vapor. The rubidium absorption spectrum was measured by spatially resolved white-light absorption in overheated rubidium vapor generated in a heat pipe oven. The absolute values for the reduced absorption coefficients of the triplet bands were determined at lower vapor densities, by using an accurate expression for the reduced absorption coefficient in the quasistatic wing of the Rb D1 line, and measured triplet satellite bands to the resonance wing optical depth ratio. These triplet satellite band data were used to calibrate in absolute scale the reduced absorption coefficients of the triplet diffuse band at higher temperatures. The obtained values for the reduced absorption coefficient of these Rb molecular features can be used for accurate determination of rubidium atomic number densities in the range from about 5 x 10 16 cm -3 to 1 x 10 18 cm -3

/sup 87/Rb NMR study at the cubic to tetragonal phase transition in RbCaF/sub 3/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bulou, A [Angers Univ., 72 - Le Mans (France). Centre Universitaire; Theveneau, H; Trokiner, A; Papon, P [Ecole Superieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles, 75 - Paris (France)

1979-07-01

The /sup 87/Rb nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, in perovskite single crystal of RbCaF/sub 3/, is studied above and below the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition occurring at 198 K. In the high-temperature cubic phase, the temperature dependence of the resonance line amplitude deviates from the Curie law and this can be attributed to the existence of tetragonal domains. In the low temperature tetragonal phase, a second-order quadrupole shift of the central line is observed, from which the CaF/sub 6/ tilt angle (order parameter) is derived. The order parameter temperature dependence is described by a power law with a cross over from exponent 0.5 to exponent 0.32 at 150 K. The tilt angle PHI is compared to the values obtained from X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data.

[Distribution of rubidium, cesium, beryllium, strontium, and barium in blood and urine in general Chinese population].

Science.gov (United States)

Ding, Chunguang; Pan, Yajuan; Zhang, Aihua; Zhu, Chun; Liu, Deye; Xu, Guang; Zheng, Yuxin; Yan, Huifang

2015-12-01

To investigate the distribution of rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), beryllium (Be), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba) in blood and urine in general Chinese population. A total of 18 120 subjects aged 6~60 years were enrolled from 24 regions in 8 provinces in Eastern, Central, and Western China from 2009 to 2010 based on the method of cluster random sampling. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the data on living environment and health status. Blood and urine samples were collected from these subjects, and the levels of Rb, Cs, Be, Sr, and Ba in these samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution of these elements in blood and urine in male or female subjects living in different regions was analyzed statistically. In the general Chinese population, the concentration of Be in the whole blood was below the detection limit (0.06 μg/L); the geometric mean (GM) of Ba in the whole blood was below the detection limit (0.45 μg/L), with the 95th percentile (P95)of 1.37 μg/L; the GMs (95% CI)of Rb, Cs, and Sr in the whole blood were 2 374(2 357~2 392) μg/L, 2.01 (1.98~2.05) μg/L, and 23.5 (23.3~23.7) μg/L, respectively; in males and females, the GMs (95%CI)of blood Rb, Cs, and Sr were 2 506 (2 478~2 533) μg/L and 2 248 (2 227~2 270) μg/L, 1.88 (1.83~1.94) μg/L and 2.16 (2.11~2.20) μg/L, and 23.4 (23.1~23.7) μg/L and 23.6 (23.3~23.9) μg/L, respectively(P0.05, and P>0.05). In the general Chinese population, the GM of urine Be was below the detection limit (0.06 μg/L), while the GMs (95%CI)of urine Rb, Cs, Sr, and Ba were 854 (836~873) μg/L, 3.65 (3.56~3.74) μg/L, 39.5 (38.4~40.6) μg/L, and 1.10 (1.07~1.12) μg/L, respectively; in males and females, the GMs (95%CI)of urine Rb, Cs, Sr, and Ba were 876 (849~904) μg/L and 832 (807~858) μg/L, 3.83 (3.70~3.96) μg/L and 3.47 (3.35~3.60) μg/L, 42.5 (40.9~44.2) μg/L and 36.6 (35.1~38.0) μg/L, and 1.15 (1.12~1.19) μg/L and 1.04 (1.01~1.07) μg/L, respectively (all P< 0

A Measurement of $R_b$ using Mutually Exclusive Tags

CERN Document Server

Barate, R; Décamp, D; Ghez, P; Goy, C; Lees, J P; Lucotte, A; Minard, M N; Nief, J Y; Pietrzyk, B; Casado, M P; Chmeissani, M; Comas, P; Crespo, J M; Delfino, M C; Fernández, E; Fernández-Bosman, M; Garrido, L; Juste, A; Martínez, M; Miquel, R; Mir, L M; Orteu, S; Padilla, C; Park, I C; Pascual, A; Perlas, J A; Riu, I; Sánchez, F; Teubert, F; Colaleo, A; Creanza, D; De Palma, M; Gelao, G; Iaselli, Giuseppe; Maggi, G; Maggi, M; Marinelli, N; Nuzzo, S; Ranieri, A; Raso, G; Ruggieri, F; Selvaggi, G; Silvestris, L; Tempesta, P; Tricomi, A; Zito, G; Huang, X; Lin, J; Ouyang, Q; Wang, T; Xie, Y; Xu, R; Xue, S; Zhang, J; Zhang, L; Zhao, W; Abbaneo, D; Alemany, R; Becker, U; Bazarko, A O; Bright-Thomas, P G; Cattaneo, M; Cerutti, F; Drevermann, H; Forty, Roger W; Frank, M; Hagelberg, R; Harvey, J; Janot, P; Jost, B; Kneringer, E; Knobloch, J; Lehraus, Ivan; Lutters, G; Mato, P; Minten, Adolf G; Moneta, L; Pacheco, A; Pusztaszeri, J F; Ranjard, F; Rensing, P E; Rizzo, G; Rolandi, Luigi; Schlatter, W D; Schmitt, M; Schneider, O; Tejessy, W; Tomalin, I R; Wachsmuth, H W; Wagner, A; Ajaltouni, Ziad J; Barrès, A; Boyer, C; Falvard, A; Ferdi, C; Gay, P; Guicheney, C; Henrard, P; Jousset, J; Michel, B; Monteil, S; Montret, J C; Pallin, D; Perret, P; Podlyski, F; Proriol, J; Rosnet, P; Rossignol, J M; Fearnley, Tom; Hansen, J B; Hansen, J D; Hansen, J R; Hansen, P H; Nilsson, B S; Rensch, B; Wäänänen, A; Daskalakis, G; Kyriakis, A; Markou, C; Simopoulou, Errietta; Siotis, I; Vayaki, Anna; Blondel, A; Bonneaud, G R; Brient, J C; Bourdon, P; Rougé, A; Rumpf, M; Valassi, Andrea; Verderi, M; Videau, H L; Candlin, D J; Parsons, M I; Focardi, E; Parrini, G; Zachariadou, K; Corden, M; Georgiopoulos, C H; Jaffe, D E; Antonelli, A; Bencivenni, G; Bologna, G; Bossi, F; Campana, P; Capon, G; Casper, David William; Chiarella, V; Felici, G; Laurelli, P; Mannocchi, G; Murtas, F; Murtas, G P; Passalacqua, L; Pepé-Altarelli, M; Curtis, L; Dorris, S J; Halley, A W; Knowles, I G; Lynch, J G; O'Shea, V; Raine, C; Scarr, J M; Smith, K; Teixeira-Dias, P; Thompson, A S; Thomson, E; Thomson, F; Turnbull, R M; Geweniger, C; Graefe, G; Hanke, P; Hansper, G; Hepp, V; Kluge, E E; Putzer, A; Schmidt, M; Sommer, J; Tittel, K; Werner, S; Wunsch, M; Beuselinck, R; Binnie, David M; Cameron, W; Dornan, Peter J; Girone, M; Goodsir, S M; Martin, E B; Moutoussi, A; Nash, J; Sedgbeer, J K; Stacey, A M; Williams, M D; Dissertori, G; Ghete, V M; Girtler, P; Kuhn, D; Rudolph, G; Betteridge, A P; Bowdery, C K; Colrain, P; Crawford, G; Finch, A J; Foster, F; Hughes, G; Sloan, Terence; Williams, M I; Galla, A; Giehl, I; Greene, A M; Hoffmann, C; Jakobs, K; Kleinknecht, K; Quast, G; Renk, B; Rohne, E; Sander, H G; Van Gemmeren, P; Zeitnitz, C; Aubert, Jean-Jacques; Benchouk, C; Bonissent, A; Bujosa, G; Calvet, D; Carr, J; Coyle, P; Diaconu, C A; Etienne, F; Konstantinidis, N P; Leroy, O; Motsch, F; Payre, P; Rousseau, D; Talby, M; Sadouki, A; Thulasidas, M; Trabelsi, K; Aleppo, M; Ragusa, F; Berlich, R; Blum, Walter; Brown, D; Büscher, V; Dietl, H; Dydak, Friedrich; Ganis, G; Gotzhein, C; Kroha, H; Lütjens, G; Lutz, Gerhard; Männer, W; Moser, H G; Richter, R H; Rosado-Schlosser, A; Schael, S; Settles, Ronald; Seywerd, H C J; Saint-Denis, R; Stenzel, H; Wiedenmann, W; Wolf, G; Boucrot, J; Callot, O; Chen, S; Choi, Y; Cordier, A; Davier, M; Duflot, L; Grivaz, J F; Heusse, P; Höcker, A; Jacholkowska, A; Jacquet, M; Kim, D W; Le Diberder, F R; Lefrançois, J; Lutz, A M; Nikolic, I A; Schune, M H; Simion, S; Tournefier, E; Veillet, J J; Videau, I; Zerwas, D; Azzurri, P; Bagliesi, G; Batignani, G; Bettarini, S; Bozzi, C; Calderini, G; Carpinelli, M; Ciocci, M A; Ciulli, V; Dell'Orso, R; Fantechi, R; Ferrante, I; Foà, L; Forti, F; Giassi, A; Giorgi, M A; Gregorio, A; Ligabue, F; Lusiani, A; Marrocchesi, P S; Messineo, A; Palla, Fabrizio; Sanguinetti, G; Sciabà, A; Spagnolo, P; Steinberger, Jack; Tenchini, Roberto; Tonelli, G; Vannini, C; Venturi, A; Verdini, P G; Blair, G A; Bryant, L M; Chambers, J T; Gao, Y; Green, M G; Medcalf, T; Perrodo, P; Strong, J A; Von Wimmersperg-Töller, J H; Botterill, David R; Clifft, R W; Edgecock, T R; Haywood, S; Maley, P; Norton, P R; Thompson, J C; Wright, A E; Bloch-Devaux, B; Colas, P; Emery, S; Kozanecki, Witold; Lançon, E; Lemaire, M C; Locci, E; Pérez, P; Rander, J; Renardy, J F; Roussarie, A; Schuller, J P; Schwindling, J; Trabelsi, A; Vallage, B; Black, S N; Dann, J H; Johnson, R P; Kim, H Y; Litke, A M; McNeil, M A; Taylor, G; Booth, C N; Boswell, R; Brew, C A J; Cartwright, S L; Combley, F; Kelly, M S; Lehto, M H; Newton, W M; Reeve, J; Thompson, L F; Böhrer, A; Brandt, S; Cowan, G D; Grupen, Claus; Saraiva, P; Smolik, L; Stephan, F; Apollonio, M; Bosisio, L; Della Marina, R; Giannini, G; Gobbo, B; Musolino, G; Rothberg, J E; Wasserbaech, S R; Armstrong, S R; Charles, E; Elmer, P; Ferguson, D P S; Gao, Y S; González, S; Greening, T C; Hayes, O J; Hu, H; Jin, S; McNamara, P A; Nachtman, J M; Nielsen, J; Orejudos, W; Pan, Y B; Saadi, Y; Scott, I J; Walsh, J; Wu Sau Lan; Wu, X; Yamartino, J M; Zobernig, G

1997-01-01

A measurement of $R_b$ using five mutually exclusive hemisphere tags has been pe rformed by ALEPH using the full LEP1 statistics. Three tags are designed to sele ct the decay of the $Z^0$ to $b$ quarks, while the remaining two select $Z^0$ decays to $c$ and light quarks, and are used to measure the tagging efficiencies. The result, {$R_b~=~0.2159~\\pm~0.0009\\mbox{(stat)}~\\pm 0.0011\\mbox{(syst)}$}, is in agreement with the electroweak theory prediction of $0.2158 \\pm 0.0003$.

A measurement of Rb using a lifetime-mass tag

Science.gov (United States)

Barate, R.; Buskulic, D.; Decamp, D.; Ghez, P.; Goy, C.; Lees, J.-P.; Lucotte, A.; Minard, M.-N.; Nief, J.-Y.; Pietrzyk, B.; Casado, M. P.; Chmeissani, M.; Comas, P.; Crespo, J. M.; Delfino, M.; Fernandez, E.; Fernandez-Bosman, M.; Garrido, Ll.; Juste, A.; Martinez, M.; Miquel, R.; Mir, Ll. M.; Orteu, S.; Padilla, C.; Park, I. C.; Pascual, A.; Perlas, J. A.; Riu, I.; Sanchez, F.; Teubert, F.; Colaleo, A.; Creanza, D.; de Palma, M.; Gelao, G.; Iaselli, G.; Maggi, G.; Maggi, M.; Marinelli, N.; Nuzzo, S.; Ranieri, A.; Raso, G.; Ruggieri, F.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Tempesta, P.; Tricomi, A.; Zito, G.; Huang, X.; Lin, J.; Ouyang, Q.; Wang, T.; Xie, Y.; Xu, R.; Xue, S.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, L.; Zhao, W.; Abbaneo, D.; Alemany, R.; Becker, U.; Bazarko, A. O.; Bright-Thomas, P.; Cattaneo, M.; Cerutti, F.; Drevermann, H.; Forty, R. W.; Frank, M.; Hagelberg, R.; Harvey, J.; Janot, P.; Jost, B.; Kneringer, E.; Knobloch, J.; Lehraus, I.; Lutters, G.; Mato, P.; Minten, A.; Moneta, L.; Pacheco, A.; Pusztaszeri, J.-F.; Ranjard, F.; Rensing, P.; Rizzo, G.; Rolandi, L.; Schlatter, D.; Schmitt, M.; Schneider, O.; Tejessy, W.; Tomalin, I. R.; Wachsmuth, H.; Wagner, A.; Ajaltouni, Z.; Barrès, A.; Boyer, C.; Falvard, A.; Ferdi, C.; Gay, P.; Guicheney, C.; Henrard, P.; Jousset, J.; Michel, B.; Monteil, S.; Montret, J.-C.; Pallin, D.; Perret, P.; Podlyski, F.; Proriol, J.; Rosnet, P.; Rossignol, J.-M.; Fearnley, T.; Hansen, J. B.; Hansen, J. D.; Hansen, J. R.; Hansen, P. H.; Nilsson, B. S.; Rensch, B.; Wäänänen, A.; Daskalakis, G.; Kyriakis, A.; Markou, C.; Simopoulou, E.; Siotis, I.; Vayaki, A.; Blondel, A.; Bonneaud, G.; Brient, J. C.; Bourdon, P.; Rougé, A.; Rumpf, M.; Valassi, A.; Verderi, M.; Videau, H.; Candlin, D. J.; Parsons, M. I.; Focardi, E.; Parrini, G.; Zachariadou, K.; Corden, M.; Georgiopoulos, C.; Jaffe, D. E.; Antonelli, A.; Bencivenni, G.; Bologna, G.; Bossi, F.; Campana, P.; Capon, G.; Casper, D.; Chiarella, V.; Felici, G.; Laurelli, P.; Mannocchi, G.; Murtas, F.; Murtas, G. P.; Passalacqua, L.; Pepe-Altarelli, M.; Curtis, L.; Dorris, S. J.; Halley, A. W.; Knowles, I. G.; Lynch, J. G.; O'Shea, V.; Raine, C.; Scarr, J. M.; Smith, K.; Teixeira-Dias, P.; Thompson, A. S.; Thomson, E.; Thomson, F.; Turnbull, R. M.; Geweniger, C.; Graefe, G.; Hanke, P.; Hansper, G.; Hepp, V.; Kluge, E. E.; Putzer, A.; Schmidt, M.; Sommer, J.; Tittel, K.; Werner, S.; Wunsch, M.; Beuselinck, R.; Binnie, D. M.; Cameron, W.; Dornan, P. J.; Girone, M.; Goodsir, S.; Martin, E. B.; Moutoussi, A.; Nash, J.; Sedgbeer, J. K.; Stacey, A. M.; Williams, M. D.; Dissertori, G.; Ghete, V. M.; Girtler, P.; Kuhn, D.; Rudolph, G.; Betteridge, A. P.; Bowdery, C. K.; Colrain, P.; Crawford, G.; Finch, A. J.; Foster, F.; Hughes, G.; Sloan, T.; Williams, M. I.; Galla, A.; Giehl, I.; Greene, A. M.; Hoffmann, C.; Jakobs, K.; Kleinknecht, K.; Quast, G.; Renk, B.; Rohne, E.; Sander, H.-G.; van Gemmeren, P.; Zeitnitz, C.; Aubert, J. J.; Benchouk, C.; Bonissent, A.; Bujosa, G.; Calvet, D.; Carr, J.; Coyle, P.; Diaconu, C.; Etienne, F.; Konstantinidis, N.; Leroy, O.; Motsch, F.; Payre, P.; Rousseau, D.; Talby, M.; Sadouki, A.; Thulasidas, M.; Trabelsi, K.; Aleppo, M.; Ragusa, F.; Berlich, R.; Blum, W.; Brown, D.; Büscher, V.; Dietl, H.; Dydak, F.; Ganis, G.; Gotzhein, C.; Kroha, H.; Lütjens, G.; Lutz, G.; Männer, W.; Moser, H.-G.; Richter, R.; Rosado-Schlosser, A.; Schael, S.; Settles, R.; Seywerd, H.; St. Denis, R.; Stenzel, H.; Wiedenmann, W.; Wolf, G.; Boucrot, J.; Callot, O.; Chen, S.; Choi, Y.; Cordier, A.; Davier, M.; Duflot, L.; Grivaz, J.-F.; Heusse, Ph.; Höcker, A.; Jacholkowska, A.; Jacquet, M.; Kim, D. W.; Le Diberder, F.; Lefrançois, J.; Lutz, A.-M.; Nikolic, I.; Schune, M.-H.; Simion, S.; Tournefier, E.; Veillet, J.-J.; Videau, I.; Zerwas, D.; Azzurri, P.; Bagliesi, G.; Batignani, G.; Bettarini, S.; Bozzi, C.; Calderini, G.; Carpinelli, M.; Ciocci, M. A.; Ciulli, V.; dell'Orso, R.; Fantechi, R.; Ferrante, I.; Foà, L.; Forti, F.; Giassi, A.; Giorgi, M. A.; Gregorio, A.; Ligabue, F.; Lusiani, A.; Marrocchesi, P. S.; Messineo, A.; Palla, F.; Sanguinetti, G.; Sciabà, A.; Spagnolo, P.; Steinberger, J.; Tenchini, R.; Tonelli, G.; Vannini, C.; Venturi, A.; Verdini, P. G.; Blair, G. A.; Bryant, L. M.; Chambers, J. T.; Gao, Y.; Green, M. G.; Medcalf, T.; Perrodo, P.; Strong, J. A.; von Wimmersperg-Toeller, J. H.; Botterill, D. R.; Clifft, R. W.; Edgecock, T. R.; Haywood, S.; Maley, P.; Norton, P. R.; Thompson, J. C.; Wright, A. E.; Bloch-Devaux, B.; Colas, P.; Emery, S.; Kozanecki, W.; Lançon, E.; Lemaire, M. C.; Locci, E.; Perez, P.; Rander, J.; Renardy, J.-F.; Roussarie, A.; Schuller, J.-P.; Schwindling, J.; Trabelsi, A.; Vallage, B.; Black, S. N.; Dann, J. H.; Johnson, R. P.; Kim, H. Y.; Litke, A. M.; McNeil, M. A.; Taylor, G.; Booth, C. N.; Boswell, R.; Brew, C. A. J.; Cartwright, S.; Combley, F.; Kelly, M. S.; Lehto, M.; Newton, W. M.; Reeve, J.; Thompson, L. F.; Böhrer, A.; Brandt, S.; Cowan, G.; Grupen, C.; Saraiva, P.; Smolik, L.; Stephan, F.; Apollonio, M.; Bosisio, L.; Della Marina, R.; Giannini, G.; Gobbo, B.; Musolino, G.; Rothberg, J.; Wasserbaech, S.; Armstrong, S. R.; Charles, E.; Elmer, P.; Ferguson, D. P. S.; Gao, Y. S.; González, S.; Greening, T. C.; Hayes, O. J.; Hu, H.; Jin, S.; McNamara, P. A.; Nachtman, J. M.; Nielsen, J.; Orejudos, W.; Pan, Y. B.; Saadi, Y.; Scott, I. J.; Walsh, J.; Wu, Sau Lan; Wu, X.; Yamartino, J. M.; Zobernig, G.

1997-02-01

ALEPH's published measurement of Rb = Γ(Z -> bb)/Γ(Z -> hadrons) using a lifetime tag is updated using the full LEP 1 data sample. Considerable effort has been devoted to understanding systematic effects. Charm background is better controlled by combining the lifetime tag with a tag based on the b/c hadron mass difference. Furthermore, the algorithm used to reconstruct the event primary vertex is designed so as to reduce correlations between the two hemispheres of an event. The value of Rb is measured to be 0.2167 +/- 0.0011 (stat) +/- 0.0013 (syst).

Particle-phonon coupling in the odd-A Rb isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krishan, K.; Basu, S.K.; Sen, S.

1976-01-01

The level properties of 83 Rb and 85 Rb have been calculated in a quasiparticle-phonon coupling model which couples the proton quasiparticle motion in the 1fsub(5/2), 2psub(1/2), 2psub(3/2) and 1gsub(9/2) orbitals to the vibrations of the neighbouring even core. The calculated level spectra, spectroscopic factors and B(E2) values for several levels are found to be in good agreement with available experimental data. Branching ratios for transitions originating from several levels are also reproduced. (author)

Cloning and Molecular Characterization of the Schistosoma mansoni Genes RbAp48 and Histone H4

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia P Souza

2002-10-01

Full Text Available The human nuclear protein RbAp48 is a member of the tryptophan/aspartate (WD repeat family, which binds to the retinoblastoma (Rb protein. It also corresponds to the smallest subunit of the chromatin assembly factor and is able to bind to the helix 1 of histone H4, taking it to the DNA in replication. A cDNA homologous to the human gene RbAp48 was isolated from a Schistosoma mansoni adult worm library and named SmRbAp48. The full length sequence of SmRbAp48 cDNA is 1036 bp long, encoding a protein of 308 amino acids. The transcript of SmRbAp48 was detected in egg, cercariae and schistosomulum stages. The protein shows 84% similarity with the human RbAp48, possessing four WD repeats on its C-terminus. A hypothetical tridimensional structure for the SmRbAp48 C-terminal domain was constructed by computational molecular modeling using the b-subunit of the G protein as a model. To further verify a possible interaction between SmRbAp48 and S. mansoni histone H4, the histone H4 gene was amplified from adult worm genomic DNA using degenerated primers. The gene fragment of SmH4 is 294 bp long, encoding a protein of 98 amino acids which is 100% identical to histone H4 from Drosophila melanogaster.

135Cs/137Cs isotopic composition of environmental samples across Europe: Environmental transport and source term emission applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snow, Mathew S.; Snyder, Darin C.

2016-01-01

135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotopic analyses represent an important tool for studying the fate and transport of radiocesium in the environment; in this work the 135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotopic composition in environmental samples taken from across Europe is reported. Surface soil and vegetation samples from western Russia, Ukraine, Austria, and Hungary show consistent aged thermal fission product 135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotope ratios of 0.58 ± 0.01 (age corrected to 1/1/15), with the exception of one sample of soil-moss from Hungary which shows an elevated 135 Cs/ 137 Cs ratio of 1.78 ± 0.12. With the exception of the outlier sample from Hungary, surface soil/vegetation data are in quantitative agreement with values previously reported for soils within the Chernobyl exclusion zone, suggesting that radiocesium at these locations is primarily composed of homogenous airborne deposition from Chernobyl. Seawater samples taken from the Irish Sea show 135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotope ratios of 1.22 ± 0.11 (age corrected to 1/1/15), suggesting aged thermal fission product Cs discharged from Sellafield. The differences in 135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotope ratios between Sellafield, Chernobyl, and global nuclear weapons testing fallout indicate that 135 Cs/ 137 Cs isotope ratios can be utilized to discriminate between and track radiocesium transport from different nuclear production source terms, including major emission sources in Europe. - Highlights: • 135 Cs/ 137 Cs useful for tracking anthropogenic environmental radiocesium releases. • European surface soils/vegetation have uniform ratio consistent with Chernobyl. • 135 Cs/ 137 Cs in Irish sea represents thermal fission ratio distinct from Chernobyl. • Can distinguish between major source terms in Europe based on 135 Cs/ 137 Cs.

Reactive barriers for 137Cs retention

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krumhansl, James L.; Brady, Patrick V.; Anderson, Howard L.

2000-01-01

137 Cs was dispersed globally by cold war activities and, more recently, by the Chernobyl accident. Engineered extraction of 137 Cs from soils and groundwaters is exceedingly difficult. Because the half life of 137 Cs is only 30.2 years, remediation might be more effective (and less costly) if 137 Cs bioavailability could be demonstrably limited for even a few decades by use of a reactive barrier. Essentially permanent isolation must be demonstrated in those few settings where high nuclear level wastes contaminated the environment with 135 Cs (half life 2.3x10 6 years) in addition to 137 Cs. Clays are potentially a low-cost barrier to Cs movement, though their long-term effectiveness remains untested. To identify optimal clays for Cs retention Cs resorption was measured for five common clays: Wyoming Montmorillonite (SWy-1), Georgia Kaolinites (KGa-1 and KGa-2), Fithian Illite (F-Ill), and K-Metabentonite (K-Mbt). Exchange sites were pre-saturated with 0.16 M CsCl for 14 days and readily exchangeable Cs was removed by a series of LiNO 3 and LiCl washes. Washed clay were then placed into dialysis bags and the Cs release to the deionized water outside the bags measured. Release rates from 75 to 139 days for SWy-1, K-Mbt and F- 111 were similar; 0.017 to 0.021% sorbed Cs released per day. Both kaolinites released Cs more rapidly (0.12 to 0.05% of the sorbed Cs per day). In a second set of experiments, clays were doped for 110 days and subjected to an extreme and prolonged rinsing process. All the clays exhibited some capacity for irreversible Cs uptake so most soils have some limited ability to act as a natural barrier to Cs migration. However, the residual loading was greatest on K-Mbt (∼ 0.33 wt% Cs). Thus, this clay would be the optimal material for constructing artificial reactive barriers

Phase formation in the Li2MoO4-Rb2MoO4-Ln2(MoO4)3 systems and the properties of LiRbLn2(MoO4)4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basovich, O.M.; Khajkina, E.G.; Vasil'ev, E.V.; Frolov, A.M.

1995-01-01

Phase equilibria within subsolidus range of ternary salt systems Li 2 MoO 4 -Rb 2 MoO 4 -Ln 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 (Ln - Nd, Er) are analyzed. Formation of ternary molybdate LiRbNd 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 is proved along LiNd(MoO 4 ) 2 -RbNd(MoO 4 )-2 cross-section. Phase diagram of this cross-section is plotted. Similar compounds are synthesized for Ln = La-Eu. The parameters of their monoclinic elementary cells are determined. Luminescent properties of LiRbLa 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 -Nd 3+ are studied. 17 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs

Interaction of rare earth iodides with alkali metal iodides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krokhina, A.G.; Andrachnikova, A.P.; Strekachinskij, A.B.; Krokhin, V.A.

1980-01-01

The interaction in HoI 3 -NaI, HoI 3 -CsI, TmI 3 -CsI, ScI 3 -NdI, Sc 3 -KI, ScI 3 -RbI systems was studied by the method of differential thermal and X-ray phase analysis. According to the results of the differential thermal analysis, HoI 3 -NaI and ScI 3 -NaI systems were classed with the eutectic type. However, the X-ray phase analysis revealed the presence of a new phase in the solid state of alloys containing approximately 75 mol% NaI. One chemical compound (K 3 Sc-I 6 ) was found in the ScI 3 -KI system and two chemical compounds of Me 3 LnI 6 and Me 3 Ln 2 I 9 (Me-Cs, Rb; Ln-Ho, Tm, Sc) type were found in each of HoI 3 -CsI, TmI 3 -CsI, ScI 3 -RbI systems

RB reactor benchmark cores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pesic, M.

1998-01-01

A selected set of the RB reactor benchmark cores is presented in this paper. The first results of validation of the well-known Monte Carlo MCNP TM code and adjoining neutron cross section libraries are given. They confirm the idea for the proposal of the new U-D 2 O criticality benchmark system and support the intention to include this system in the next edition of the recent OECD/NEA Project: International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Experiment, in near future. (author)

137Cs in man organism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marej, A.N.; Barkhudarov, R.M.

1980-01-01

Considered are the levels of 137 Cs content in the organism of adult urban population of the USSR and the main regularities of their alterations during 1962-1974. The non-uniform distribution of levels of 137 Cs buildup in adult population is shown to be connected with soil and geographic conditions. Food stuffs of local production have a noticeable effect on the levels of 137 Cs buildup in the organism of urban population. Calculation methods are used to study 137 Cs administration in a human organism. No significant difference is found between the indexes of 137 Cs content in the organism of rural and urban population. Presented are the levels of 137 Cs content in the organisms of inhabitants of such regions as Far North and Byelorussian-Ukrainian woodlands. Given are the reasons for the increased content of 137 Cs in the organism of rural population of these zones

Gradients of electric fields and effective charges in alkali metal permanganates on NMR data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tarasov, V.P.; Kirakosyan, G.A.; Meladze, M.A.; German, K.Eh.

1993-01-01

Pulse method of 55 Mn, 39 K, 87 Rb, 133 Cs NMR in 7.04 T field was used to study polycrystal permanganates of alkali metals KMnO 4 , RbMnO 4 , CsMnO 4 in 100-440 K range. Qaudrupole bond constants, parameters of tensor asymmetry of electric field gradient (EFG) and isotropic values of chemical shifts were determined in result of analysis of resonance line shape. Cation positions in RbMnO 4 and CsMnO 4 are characterized by two nonequivalent states with 1:1 occupation. Effective charges on oxygen and manganese atoms were calculated in the framework of point charge model, using structural data and experimental EFG values on cation nuclei

75 FR 27973 - Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce plc RB211-524C2 Series Turbofan Engines

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-19

... RB211-524C2 Series Turbofan Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Notice... Rolls-Royce plc (RR) model RB211-524C2-19 and RB211-524C2-B-19 turbofan engines. These engines are...

Luminescence and scintillation properties of Rb2HfCl6 crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saeki, Keiichiro; Wakai, Yuki; Fujimoto, Yutaka; Koshimizu, Masanori; Asai, Keisuke; Yanagida, Takayuki; Nakauchi, Daisuke

2016-01-01

We developed a scintillator based on a Rb 2 HfCl 6 crystal as a ternary halide crystal with intrinsic luminescence. In the photoluminescence spectra, two emission bands are observed at 383 and 434 nm. The 434 nm emission band for Rb 2 HfCl 6 may be attributed to [HfCl 6 ] 2- complex ion or [ZrCl 6 ] 2- impurity, since the Rb 2 HfCl 6 contained Zr as impurity at 0.62 mol %. The radioluminescence band is observed at 420 nm and can be attributed to the same origin as the photoluminescence band at 434 nm. The scintillation decay-time constants were 0.84 and 5.4 μs. The light yield was estimated to be 24,100 photons/MeV. (author)

Immune responses of bison and efficacy after booster vaccination with Brucella abortus strain RB51

Science.gov (United States)

Thirty-one bison heifers were randomly assigned to saline (control; n=7) or single vaccination (n=24) with 1010 CFU of B. abortus strain RB51 (RB51). Some vaccinated bison were randomly selected for booster vaccination with 10**10 CFU of RB51 at 11 months after initial vaccination (n=16). When comp...

Complexing in the systems of thorium tetrabromide-alkali metal bromide and structure of formed compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gershanovich, A.Ya.; Suglobova, I.G.

1981-01-01

Phase diagrams of the ThBr 4 -MBr binary systems (M=Na, K, Rb, Cs) are obtained using the methods of thermographic and X-ray phase analyses. Congruently melting compounds of the M 2 ThBr 6 form (M=K, Rb, Cs) with melting temperatures of 635, 650 and 680 deg C, respectively, and the NaThBr 5 decomposing in the solid phase reaction at 356 deg C, realized in the systems. The presence of eutectic points is established, their composition and melting temperatures are determined. Roentgenograms of all compounds prepared by the polycrystal method are obtained. K 2 ThBr 6 and Rb 2 ThBr 6 crystallize in the hexagonal crystal system (Rb 2 MnF 6 structure type) with 2 formula units in the lattice cell. The parameters of the K 2 ThBr 6 cell are a=0.752 nm, c=1.180 nm. The cell parameters of the Rb 2 ThBr 6 cell are a=0.758 nm, c=1.224 nm. The Cs 2 ThBr 6 has a pseudocubic tetragonal structure with 4 formula units in a cell. Parameters of the Cs 2 ThBr 6 cell are a=1.137 nm; c=1.069 nm [ru

The role of p53 and pRB in apoptosis and cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hickman, Emma S; Moroni, M Cristina; Helin, Kristian

2002-01-01

Loss of function of both the p53 pathway and the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) pathway plays a significant role in the development of most human cancers. Loss of pRB results in deregulated cell proliferation and apoptosis, whereas loss of p53 desensitizes cells to checkpoint signals, including...

Trace elements in primitive meteorites—VII Antarctic unequilibrated ordinary chondrites

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Ming-Sheng; Lipschutz, Michael E.

2007-02-01

We report RNAA results for Co, Au, Sb, Ga, Rb, Cs, Se, Ag, Te, Zn, In, Bi, Tl and Cd (in increasing order of metamorphic mobility) in 22 Antarctic unequilibrated ordinary chondrites (UOC). This brings to 38 the number of UOC for which data for highly volatile elements are known. For elements of lesser mobility (Co to Se, omitting Cs) overall variability in UOC are low, relative standard deviations (one sigma) being no more than a factor of two. For Ag, Te and Zn, relative standard deviations are 2-4×, while for Cs and the four most volatile elements, the variabilities are 8-110×. Elemental abundances do not vary with chemical type (H, L and LL) nor with UOC subtype (3.0-3.9). Contents of all elements reach levels up to, even exceeding, cosmic and all but Cd and the two alkalis, seem unaffected by post-accretionary processes. Contents of highly volatile elements are consistent with the idea that source regions producing contemporary falls and older Antarctic UOC differed in thermal histories. The presence or absence of carbide magnetite assemblages (CMA) generally accords with high or low Cd contents, respectively. This relationship accords with the prior suggestion that CMA formed by alteration of Fe-Ni metal by C-O-H-containing fluids at temperatures indicate that they were subsequently destroyed as metamorphic intensity increased. The high, often supercosmic, Rb and Cs levels in UOC may result from their high solubility in liquid water signalling their redistribution by C-O-H-containing fluid while in the liquid water field. Because of its uniquely high mobility, Cd could have been enriched by the C-O-H fluids and should have been lost from parent regions during later, higher temperature anhydrous metamorphism at temperatures in the 500-600 °C range.

Exploring Polaronic, Excitonic Structures and Luminescence in Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBr3.

Science.gov (United States)

Kang, Byungkyun; Biswas, Koushik

2018-02-15

Among the important family of halide perovskites, one particular case of all-inorganic, 0-D Cs 4 PbBr 6 and 3-D CsPbBr 3 -based nanostructures and thin films is witnessing intense activity due to ultrafast luminescence with high quantum yield. To understand their emissive behavior, we use hybrid density functional calculations to first compare the ground-state electronic structure of the two prospective compounds. The dispersive band edges of CsPbBr 3 do not support self-trapped carriers, which agrees with reports of weak exciton binding energy and high photocurrent. The larger gap 0-D material Cs 4 PbBr 6 , however, reveals polaronic and excitonic features. We show that those lattice-coupled carriers are likely responsible for observed ultraviolet emission around ∼375 nm, reported in bulk Cs 4 PbBr 6 and Cs 4 PbBr 6 /CsPbBr 3 composites. Ionization potential calculations and estimates of type-I band alignment support the notion of quantum confinement leading to fast, green emission from CsPbBr 3 nanostructures embedded in Cs 4 PbBr 6 .

Zebrafish usp39 mutation leads to rb1 mRNA splicing defect and pituitary lineage expansion.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yesenia Ríos

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Loss of retinoblastoma (Rb tumor suppressor function is associated with human malignancies. Molecular and genetic mechanisms responsible for tumorigenic Rb downregulation are not fully defined. Through a forward genetic screen and positional cloning, we identified and characterized a zebrafish ubiquitin specific peptidase 39 (usp39 mutation, the yeast and human homolog of which encodes a component of RNA splicing machinery. Zebrafish usp39 mutants exhibit microcephaly and adenohypophyseal cell lineage expansion without apparent changes in major hypothalamic hormonal and regulatory signals. Gene expression profiling of usp39 mutants revealed decreased rb1 and increased e2f4, rbl2 (p130, and cdkn1a (p21 expression. Rb1 mRNA overexpression, or antisense morpholino knockdown of e2f4, partially reversed embryonic pituitary expansion in usp39 mutants. Analysis of pre-mRNA splicing status of critical cell cycle regulators showed misspliced Rb1 pre-mRNA resulting in a premature stop codon. These studies unravel a novel mechanism for rb1 regulation by a neuronal mRNA splicing factor, usp39. Zebrafish usp39 regulates embryonic pituitary homeostasis by targeting rb1 and e2f4 expression, respectively, contributing to increased adenohypophyseal sensitivity to these altered cell cycle regulators. These results provide a mechanism for dysregulated rb1 and e2f4 pathways that may result in pituitary tumorigenesis.

Hamilton's inclusive fitness maintains heritable altruism polymorphism through rb = c.