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Sample records for razib iqbal shervin

  1. PERSONALITY EDUCATION ACCORDING TO ALLAMA MUHAMMAD IQBAL

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    Imam Bahroni

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available         This paper is aimed at discussing the concept of Personality Education according to Allama Muhammad Iqbal. In relation with the concept, Muhammad Iqbal (1873-1938, emphasized the proper development of the individuality of man. He maintained that an individual should be exposed to all kinds of formative and challenging experiences; otherwise his individuality will shrink and wither[1]. Iqbal underscored the importance of freedom, which allowed for experimentation with the environment, for the exercise of choice and discrimination in the use of methods and substance, and for learning by direct, firsthand experience. Despite his emphasis on the individual, Iqbal did not ignore the role of the community and its culture in the give-and-take dynamics with the individual. Iqbal also subscribed to the view that there must be harmony between the material and spiritual elements in man, which educational theory should consider. He valued intellect, but he criticized contemporary thought for overstressing it at the expense of intuition or love. From Iqbal's writings, the characteristics of the good man could be inferred. First, the good man is creative and original, for creativity is the most precious and distinctive gift of man. He must be able to use his intelligence to harness the forces of nature for his own good and also to increase his knowledge and power. Secondly, the good man lives his life in the name of the Lord, dedicating his powers and knowledge to working out His purpose and thereby deserving himself for the position of God's vicegerent on earth.[1] K.G. Saiyidain, (1977, Iqbal's educational philosophy, 8th ed.,Lahore: SH Muhammad Ashraf, p. 14.

  2. Iqbal and Malay World

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    Muhammad ʿUthman EI-Muhammady

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available ‘Allāmah Dr. Muhammad Iqbal has attracted the attention of the Malay World as well as the Muslims in Southeast Asia. His prose works like The Reconstruction and his poetic compositions like Asrar-i-Khudi, Shikwah wa Jawab-i-Shikwah and others have been read and translated into Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia. Most Indonesian and Malay front ranking leaders were influenced by his ideal of serving the cause of the Ummah. They used Iqbal's argument to mobilize the Muslims for reforms of their respective societies in particular in Malaysia and Indonesia.

  3. Dasar-dasar Pendidikan Islam Modern Dalam Filsafat Iqbal

    OpenAIRE

    Mukti, Muhammad

    2009-01-01

    Iqbal's Islamic education basic principle properly entitled “modern” because he has trying to synthesize education. This kind of education is not traditional education (orthodox and Sufi) and not modern education ala West an sich, but education that have direction to form human being, creating human character that not only “knowing” but also creative and dynamic, that enhance human values and specifically Islamic spiritual culture. Therefore, Iqbal principle of thought has correlation with re...

  4. Iqbal and the Challenge of Reform within the Muslim World

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    Chandra Muzaffar

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Fundamental to Iqbal's reconstruction of religious thought was his challenge to Muslims to understand tawhīd and to re-think their entire concept of, and approach to, Islam. He pleaded for the return of the spirit of ijtihād in the interpretation of the law. He was impressed by Western civilization's passion for self-consciousness, social justice and egalitarianism though he distanced himself from its atheistic strain and from the ideas that were a hindrance to the spiritual and moral advancement of the human being. Iqbal abhorred imperialism, democracy and race-based nationalism. He equally attacked the fossilised religious dogmatism that had sapped the spirit of Islam. Iqbal sketched a blue print of a polity to give life and meaning to tawhidic values.

  5. The Nature of Evolution: A Study on the Philosophy of A.M. Iqbal

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    Imam Bahroni

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available The nature of human being evolution in the philosophy of AllamaMuhammad Iqbal is different from the conception of other modernphilosophers. This natural evolution basically springs from the real Love whichflourishes in the inner being of an individual.Love as described by Iqbal is not physical, sexual or biological principle.It is the inward drive of all life to attain to its full maturity and development. Itis a primal urge to live, to progress and bring out all the inner wealth andresources of being. Every phenomenon and activity that is not related to thisprimal urge and does not subserve its purposes, leads to stagnation and decay.He voices strong condemnation of scientific reason, arts and religion whenthey carve out for themselves autonomous fields of action or set themselvesup as independent forces. According to Iqbal, all specialized activity, whether itis intellectual, artistic or religious, is a differentiation of the primal urge whichhe calls Love and apart from it has no title to independent, autonomous existence.Iqbal further explains that a philosophy which does not spring from thedepth of life is so much empty trash; and thought which is not inspired by loveor the will to progress, construct, create and beautify the world is dreadening.Similarly a religion without the flame of love of the urge to advance, improveand enrich life is only lifeless ritualism. Disbelief and atheism are as good asIslam, if inflamed by love, while Islam is no better than paganism if it is devoid of Love.

  6. Dasar-dasar Pendidikan Islam Modern dalam Filsafat Iqbal

    OpenAIRE

    Mukti, Muhammad

    2015-01-01

    Iqbal’s Islamic education basic principle properly entitled “modern” because he has trying to synthesize education. This kind of education is not traditional education (orthodox and Sufi) and not modern education ala West an sich, but education that have direction to form human being, creating human character that not only “knowing” but also creative and dynamic, that enhance human values and specifically Islamic spiritual culture. Therefore, Iqbal principle of thought has correlation with re...

  7. Individuality In the Educational Philosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal

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    Imam Bahroni

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Nowadays, Muslim Ummah all over the world likely at the cross road,at the position where they watch clearly a phenomenon of life that directsthem into surprising modern civilization with full creativities and innovations,but far away from the true values of Islamic education. On the other hand,they observe vividly numerous dimensions of life that direct every individualinto strong morality, norms and right way of life to discover the Ultimate Reality.This social fact at the end compelled every one of modern people to selectwhich one among these two is the correct ideal for the truth of life.This article tries to elaborate the concept of individuality in the educationalphilosophy of Allama Muhammad Iqbal 2 . In his Lectures, Iqbal elaborated thatindividuality is not a datum but an achievement. It is the fruit of a constant,strenuous effort in and against the forces of the external environment as well asthe disruptive tendencies within man himself. The life of individuality (the Ego,he further explained is a kind of tension caused by the Ego invading theenvironment and the environment invading the Ego.An individual is the basis of all aspects of educations, which then mustbe educated and concerned together with the development of its relationshipto the community. Like the philosopher, the educator must necessarily inquireinto the nature of these two terms of his active individual and the environment,which ultimately determine the solution of all his problems.

  8. Countenance of the Indian Subcontinent and Iqbal Lahouri as a Theorist of Independence of Pakistan in the Poetry of Malik Alshoara Bahar

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    Javad Jalayernia

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available India and Iran have deep, ancient, ethnic, and cultural background in common in such a way that cultural, social, and political developments in the Indian land have always been observed by Iranian scholars and politicians. Persian language had been the official, courtier, and literature language of India since the fourth century AH until the beginning of British domination in India, approximately eight hundred years. During this period, many scientists and scholars have emerged in this country and valuable works had been created in Farsi. India has raised countless great politicians and scholars. Iqbal Lahouri is among them along with Gandhi, who was the leader of the peaceful protest movement against the British colonial. He raised the idea of establishing an Islamic state with the name of Pakistan after independence of India. An Iranian scholar Malik Alshoara Bahar, who lived in Iqbal’s time, frequently had cited Iqbal and developments in India. At the same time, Malik Alshoara Bahar was an active member of the Constitutional Movement Current during political developments in Iran. Therefore, naturally, Indian developments and ideas and thoughts of Iqbal Lahouri, as a Muslim theorist and scholar, had grown in his poetry.

  9. Iqbal's Inferences from the Qur'an: Objectives of Education for Developing the Individual Self

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ali, Muhammad Abid; Hussien, Suhailah

    2017-01-01

    The Islamic Republic of Pakistan won its independence seventy years ago, yet its education system continues to be secular. If one of the main aims of education is to prepare the young generation for achieving national objectives, it is but imperative for Pakistan to design an education system from the Islamic perspective. Since Muhammad Iqbal is…

  10. EXPERIENCES AND TENSIONS OF TUTURING AT ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY (AIOU PAKISTAN

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    Nabi Bux JUMANI

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Pakistan is a country with thick population of 160 million. Its geographical area is 796,096-sq. Km. Its 69% of population lives in rural areas and rest in urban. Since the education of rural people is a difficult task for the government therefore, there emerged a need of open and distance in Pakistan. Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU is the first Open University in Asia. It was established in 1974 and now has earned the status of Mega University. AIOU is a Distance Education institution, which provides multi disciplinary education from basic to doctoral level programs. The university employs non-formal method of correspondence, radio and television broadcasts, special textbooks and reading materials prepared on self-learning basis, part-time teachers (tutors engaged nearest to the student's residences. The university has more than 36 regional campuses and centers in various parts of the country to coordinate and facilitate decentralized system of education of the university. The regional directors keep a roster of qualified teachers and experts in each field of study in their area and enlist them as the university’s part-time tutors.The number of registered tutors with AIOU is more than 30,000. Each group of students is entrusted to a tutor for guidance. Assignments written by the students are evaluated by the tutors and returned to them, with comments. The regional campuses also arrange practical training, teaching practice, workshops and seminars and facilitate holding of examinations in their own areas. This study presents data from a study of experiences of distance education tutors at Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU, Pakistan, in the use of face-to-face tuition to support their students undertaking teacher training programmes at a distance. It explores the tensions for ‘face-to-face’ teachers involved in ‘distance teaching’ courses, and discusses these in terms of the tutors’ perceptions of the ways in which face

  11. Sadhana | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Home; Journals; Sadhana. Shervin Ehrampoosh. Articles written in Sadhana. Volume 36 Issue 3 June 2011 pp 293-315. A new hybrid imperialist competitive algorithm on data clustering · Taher Niknam Elahe Taherian Fard Shervin Ehrampoosh Alireza Rousta · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. Clustering is a process for ...

  12. EVALUATION OF NEW PRIMARY TEACHERS ORIENTATION COURSE PROJECT LAUNCHED THROUGH ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD PAKISTAN

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    Syed Manzoor H. SHAH

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Primary Education is an important stage in the education system of any country. Every developed and developing nation is keen to develop and improve its primary education. In service training of the primary school teachers is a major factor in improving primary education. In Pakistan efforts have been made from the very beginning to improve the primary education especially in the late seventy’s. Different Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs, Donors Agencies and Institutions had been involved in taking different initiatives for the improvement of the quality of primary education. New Primary Teachers Orientation Course (N-PTOC was a similar effort of the Norwegian Agency for Development Co-operation (NORAD in joint collaboration of Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (AIOU. The major objective of the project was to improve the teaching of primary school teachers through selected microteaching skills, lesson planning, use of teaching kit and AV aids. This project was started in 1991-92 and completed in the year, 1999. Different studies were conducted which indicated that the project has an impact on the performance of the trained teachers. The present study aimed for evaluation of the N-PTOC project launched through Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad. The study is based on the documentary analysis. All the existing record of the project including different reports, documents etc. were consulted for the purpose. It was concluded that the project achieved its trainee teacher’s targets up to 70% and training of tutors and senior tutors up to 100%. Moreover the project produced a model teachers training module for the in-service training of the primary school teachers. There were some problems and challenges in its implementation including; late release of funds, shifting of targets to next semester and its non continuation by the AIOU.

  13. Exploring the Role of Distributed Learning in Distance Education at Allama Iqbal Open University: Academic Challenges at Postgraduate Level

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    Qadir BUKHSH

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Distributed learning is derived from the concept of distributed resources. Different institutions around the globe connected through network and the learners are diverse, located in the different cultures and communities. Distributed learning provides global standards of quality to all learners through synchronous and asynchronous communications and provides the opportunity of flexible and independent learning with equity, low cost educational services and has become the first choice of the dispersed learners around the globe. The present study was undertaken to investigate the challenges faced by the Faculty Members of Department of Business Administration and Computer Science at Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan. 25 Faculty Members were taken as sample of the study from both Departments (100% Sampling. The study was qualitative in nature and interview was the data collection tool. Data was analyzed by thematic analysis technique. The major challenges faced by the Faculty Members were as: bandwidth, synchronous learning activities, irregularity of the learners, feedback on individual work, designing and managing the learning activities, quality issues and training to use the network for teaching learning activities

  14. KEY FACTORS FOR DETERMINING STUDENT SATISFACTION IN DISTANCE LEARNING COURSES: A STUDY OF ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY (AIOU ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN

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    Afzaal ALI

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, the primary objective of the research team was to find out the relationship between student satisfaction and the following variables of the distance learning environment: instructors' performance, course evaluation and student-instructor interaction. The sample consisted of 245 students of Allama Iqbal Open University of Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to address the most recent problem of AIOU students relevant to their distance learning. The problem was that most of the people in Pakistan perceived distance learning as poorer quality. Therefore, the researchers conducted this study to find out whether it's only people perception or there is any thing in reality about the poorer outcome of the distance learning students as compare to traditional students. By using correlation, regression and descriptive analysis, it was found that just like the traditional education, in distance learning education at AIOU, enough interaction take place between students and their instructors, courses are up to date and well designed, instructors are devoted, motivated and equipped with the required skill and knowledge. Moreover, the faculty at AIOU is delivering distance learning courses that meet the students' needs in regard to students-instructor interaction, instructor performance and course evaluation.

  15. Browse Author Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 1 - 47 of 47 ... Ikhuoria, E.U. · Ikiz, Serkan · Ikram, Muhammad · Ikram, Muhammad · Ilomo, O. O. · Ilomo, O.O. · Ilukhor, P.E.P. · Imanieh, Hossein · Imeokparia, F.E. · Imran, M. Inayat, M. Ipinmoroti, K.O. · Iqbal, M. Iqbal Choudhary, M. Iqbal Choudhary, Muhammad · Iranmanesh, P. Irfan, A. Irfan, A. Irina, Justin · Isabirye, D.A.

  16. TEACHERS TRAINING THROUGH DISTANCE MODE IN ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY (AIOU PAKISTAN: A case study

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    Nabi Bux JUMANI

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU is the first Open University in Asia and established in 1974 on the model of UKOU. AIOU uses different media for the delivery of instruction. It has a well established Institute of Educational Technology which has radio and TV production facilities and advance level of work in computer technology. AOU offers diversified courses and programs ranging from literacy to PhD level in its four faculties. The Faculty of Education established in 1984 is the largest faculties of the university with 47% enrolment of the university and contributor of 53% to the total annual university exchequer.At present 30 programs and 135 courses in its eight department/Institutes being run by the faculty. The Faculty offers variety of programs in education and training of teachers and educational professionals. These academic programs range from primary teachers training to M.S/M.Phil and Ph.D. levels in various areas of specializations by its following departments: Secondary Teacher Education, Distance Non Formal and Continuing Education, Educational Planning, Policy studies and leadership, Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education, Special Education and Science Education. The faculty has also chalked out B.Ed (Honors 4 year degree programme in various specializations. The mode of delivery is absolutely a distance learning mode and various components are devised as teaching methodology which is based on; Study centers and information technology, Radio and TV programs, tutorials, assignments/formative evaluation, workshops/practical, face to face teaching, internship and final examination. The university employs non-formal method of correspondence, radio and television broadcasts, special textbooks and reading materials prepared on self-learning basis, part-time teachers (tutors engaged nearest to the student's residences. And a system of study centers for applied training is spread throughout Pakistan.There is an effective

  17. Browse Title Index - AJOL

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    E Kumolosasi, E Salim, I Jantan, W Ahmad. Vol 16, No 4 (2017) .... Kashif Iqbal, Qaiser Jamal, Javeid Iqbal, Maria Sadaf Afreen. Vol 15, No 1 (2016) ... ABM Helaluddin, Reem Saadi Khalid, Mohamed Alaama, Syed Atif Abbas. Vol 12, No 6 ...

  18. Seasonal growth attributes of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes in response to moisture regimes under semi arid environment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maqsood, M.; Shehzad, M.A.; Ahmed, M.; Ahmad, W.

    2012-01-01

    A field experiment for the comparison among different wheat genotypes (Iqbal-2000, Chenab-2000, Aqab-2000) for its maximum yield potential in response to different moisture regimes, a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement in triplicate run was carried out during the year 2006-07. Factors were: wheat genotypes (Iqbal-2000, Chenab-2000, Aqab-2000) in main plots and five irrigation levels 0= no irrigation (control), 1= irrigation at tillering, 2= irrigation at tillering + booting, 3= irrigation at tillering + booting + anthesis and 4= irrigation at tillering + booting + anthesis + milking in subplots. Results showed that maximum LAI was attained on 2 February and 4 March harvest and genotype Iqbal-2000 was superior compared to other genotypes. Irrigated treatments significantly increased LAI than control (0) treatments at all harvest dates. Iqbal-2000 showed maximum CGR (32.69 g m/sup -2/ d/sup -1/) and LAD (319.42) compared with lowest CGR (25.49 g m/sup -2/ d/sup -1/) and LAD (278.50) given by genotype Chenab-2000 under 3 and 4 treatments throughout the growing season. Radiation use efficiency ranged from 17.58-18.27 DM MJ-1 of intercepted radiation. Mean accumulated radiation interception (754, 736 and 784 MJm-2) was assessed in genotypes (Iqbal-2000, Chenab-2000 and Aqab-2000), respectively but not significant effect on net assimilation rate. Genotype Iqbal-2000 and Aqab-2000 had highest TDM (21670; 21220 kg ha/sup -1/) respectively while 4 (Irrigation at tillering + booting + anthesis + milking) had the highest TDM 22240 kg ha/sup -1/ verses I0 (no irrigation) 18070 kg ha/sup -1/. Aqab-2000 showed the highest grain yield (5458.78 kg ha/sup -1/) as compared to Chenab-2000 (4536.71 kg ha/sup -1/) whereas 4 (Irrigation at tillering + booting + anthesis + milking) produced more grain yield (6376.25 kg ha/sup -1/) than all other irrigation treatments. (author)

  19. 20 September 2013 - Ambassador Z. Akram , Permanent Representative of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the United Nations Office and other international organisations in Geneva (3rd) with Mechanical and Materials Engineering Group Leader F. Bertinelli, Head of International Relations R. Voss, CMS Collaboration, Quaid-i-Azam University H. Hoorani, Permanent Mission First Secretary U. Iqbal Jadoon and LHC Consolidation, Industrial Services, Technology Department JP. Tock in front of the lift to the LHC tunnel at Point 1. Site Manager M. Décombaz on the back.

    CERN Multimedia

    Anna Pantelia

    2013-01-01

    20 September 2013 - Ambassador Z. Akram , Permanent Representative of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to the United Nations Office and other international organisations in Geneva (3rd) with Mechanical and Materials Engineering Group Leader F. Bertinelli, Head of International Relations R. Voss, CMS Collaboration, Quaid-i-Azam University H. Hoorani, Permanent Mission First Secretary U. Iqbal Jadoon and LHC Consolidation, Industrial Services, Technology Department JP. Tock in front of the lift to the LHC tunnel at Point 1. Site Manager M. Décombaz on the back.

  20. Reply to Comment on 'Measurement of the magnetic field of small magnets with a smartphone: a very economical laboratory practice for introductory physics courses'

    OpenAIRE

    Arribas Garde, Enrique; Escobar García, Isabel; Suárez, Carmen P.; Nájera López, Alberto; Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

    2015-01-01

    This is a reply to the comment by Iqbal and Anwar on our recently published work. First of all, the authors of ‘Measurement of the magnetic field of small magnets with a smartphone: a very economical laboratory practice for introductory physics courses’ greatly appreciate the comments of Iqbal and Anwar. One of us (AB) is very grateful to the Vicerectorship of Information Technologies of the University of Alicante (Spain) the help of GITE-09006-UA and to the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain),...

  1. Epistemology And The Problem Of Cultural Hybridity In Muhammad Iqbal’s Thought

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    Hawasi Hawasi

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract : The hegemony of rational-positivistic paradigm of modern Western epistemology contributes greatly to  the  development  of  modern  thought.  The  paradigm,  so  far,  brings  knowledge  and  science  into mere instrumental goals. Scientism is the result of the paradigm which lost of its sacred as science. Therefore,  it  gets  philosophical  attack  from  both  Western  postmodern  thinkers  and  indigenous scholars who already experienced Western colonialism and imperialism. One of the Moslem scholars who criticized the hegemony of Western thought to Islamic culture and civilization is Muhammad Iqbal. For Iqbal, for centuries, Muslim thinkers were unable to see Islam from Quran point of view because they perceive it from the eye of rational-speculative Greek philosophy. Islamic thinking had been under its hegemony for so long that need to be deconstructed. In the postcolonial perspective, Iqbal’s  attempt  to  decolonize  Western  rational-speculative  epistemology  from  Plato  to  Descartes found  him  in  ambivalence.  British  colonialism  experienced  by  Iqbal  in  India  formed  the  hybrid culture in his project of reconstructing Islamic thought in relation to Western thought. Therefore, Iqbal’s  attempt  to  bridge  the  gap  between  rational-speculative  of  Western  thought  and  mystic- religious tendencies of Islamic thought is a process of seeking “the Third Space” through mimicry as consequence of cultural interaction between the colonizer and the colonized. Kata-kata Kunci: decolonization of epistemology, hybrid culture, Islamic epistemology, the Third Space.   Abstrak : Hegemoni  paradigma  epistemologi  Barat  modern  yang  rasional  positivistik  berkontribusi  besar terhadap perkembangan pemikiran modern. Paradigma tersebut sejauh ini, menggiring pengetahuan dan sains pada tujuan-tujuan yang bersifat instrumental. Saintisisme merupakan

  2. Iqbal’s Ideas Regarding the New Perceptions of Space and Time

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    Azizan Baharuddin

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available In the context of Islam the subject of science and belief has always been part of its élan vital. From hundreds of Qur’ānic verses, Muslim scholars and thinkers have embarked on the exercise to understand scripture in the light of His creation (the study of nature or science. When talking about space and time in the empirical and spiritual sense it is indeed these "signs" that Iqbal was interested in. This paper presents some of the ideas Iqbal had elaborated upon regarding religion and science especially on the subject of the meaning and spiritual implications of the concepts of space and time.

  3. Numerical study of entropy generation and melting heat transfer on ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Z Iqbal

    2018-04-16

    Apr 16, 2018 ... Z IQBAL, ZAFFAR MEHMOOD and BILAL AHMAD. ∗. Department of Mathematics ... of entropy generation is appraised on thermal and fluid velocities. Physical features of ... field of science and technology. In these fluids ...

  4. Antioxidant benzophenones and xanthones from the root bark of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Antioxidant benzophenones and xanthones from the root bark of Garcinia smeathmannii. Alain Meli Lannang, Justin Komguem, Fernande Ngounou Ngninzeko, Jean Gustave Tangmouo, David Lontsi, Asma Ajaz, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Beiban Luc Sondengam, Atta -ur-Rahman ...

  5. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management - Vol ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Adaptation in Atriplex griffithii and Prosopis juliflora plants in response to cement dust pollution · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. MZ Iqbal, M Shafiq, M Athar, 389-395 ...

  6. Synthesis, spectral characterization of Schiff base transition metal ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    TECS

    (IV), ... complexes shows that Cu, Ni and Co complexes cleave DNA through redox ..... Punniyamurthy T, Kalra S J S and Iqbal J 1995 ... Marshall E L, Graham D R and Reith K A 1981 ... Dharmaraj N, Viswanathamurthi P and Natarajan K.

  7. JCSC_128_8_1175_1189_SI.docx

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    IISC

    On the Attosecond charge migration in Cl…..N, Cl…..O, Br…..N and Br…..O Halogen-bonded clusters: Effect of donor, acceptor, vibration, rotation, and electron correlation. SANKHABRATA CHANDRA, MOHAMMED MUSTHAFA IQBAL and ATANU BHATTACHARYA*. Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian ...

  8. Effect of Vitamin C Supplementation on Platelet Aggregation and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    olayemitoyin

    Vitamin C can reduce free radical generation and ameliorate adverse conditions of diabetes mellitus. The aim of ... white blood cell count and function (Iqbal et al., 2004,. Hall et al. ..... Carlotti, A. P. 1., St George-Hyslop, C., Bohn, D.,. Halperin ...

  9. South African Medical Journal - Vol 98, No 3 (2008)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Huntington\\'s disease: Genetic heterogeneity in black African patients · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT. D S Magazi, A Krause, V Bonev, M Moagi, Z Iqbal, M Dludla, C H van der Meyden, 200-203 ...

  10. Journal of Chemical Sciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Mohammad Sadiq1 Muhammad Ali1 Rashid Iqbal1 Khalid Saeed1 Aimal Khan1 Muhammad Naveed Umar1 Haroon Ur Rashid2. Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, ...

  11. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Articles written in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy. Volume 38 Issue 2 June 2017 pp 18 Research Article. Gulmarg, Kashmir, India: Potential Site for Optical Astronomical Observations ... Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback with the Square Kilometre Array and Implications for Cluster Physics and Cosmology · Asif Iqbal ...

  12. 77 FR 14596 - Supplemental Identification Information for Thirteen Individuals and One Entity Designated...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-03-12

    ..., Rawalpindi, Pakistan; Jamia Masjid, Sulaiman Park, Begum Pura, Lahore, Pakistan; Office Dha'rb-i-M'unin, Z.R... Khyber Bank, Abbottabad Road, Mansehra, Pakistan; University Road, Opposite Baitul Mukaram, Gulshan-e Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan; Opposite Jang Press, I.I. Chundrigar Road, Karachi, Pakistan; TE-365, 3rd...

  13. Browse Title Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 4851 - 4900 of 11090 ... Salman Mushtaq, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz, Syed Zia Ul Hasan, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, Rizwan Rafique, Misbah Rasheed, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal. Vol 7, No 24 (2008), Evaluation of seed production of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clonal seed orchard with cone ...

  14. A Critical Review of Instructional Design Process of Distance Learning System

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chaudry, Muhammad Ajmal; ur-Rahman, Fazal

    2010-01-01

    Instructional design refers to planning, development, delivery and evaluation of instructional system. It is an applied field of study aiming at the application of descriptive research outcomes in regular instructional settings. The present study was designed to critically review the process of instructional design at Allama Iqbal Open University…

  15. Inter-comparison of different models for estimating clear sky solar global radiation for the Negev region of Israel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ianetz, Amiran; Lyubansky, Vera; Setter, Ilan; Kriheli, Boris; Evseev, Efim G.; Kudish, Avraham I.

    2007-01-01

    Solar global radiation is a function of solar altitude, site altitude, albedo, atmospheric transparency and cloudiness, whereas solar global radiation on a clear day is defined such that it is a function of all the abovementioned parameters except cloudiness. Consequently, analysis of the relative magnitudes of solar global radiation and solar global radiation on a clear day provides a platform for studying the influence of cloudiness on solar global radiation. The Iqbal filter for determining the day type has been utilized to calculate the monthly average clear day solar global radiation at three sites in the Negev region of Israel. An inter-comparison between four models for estimating clear sky solar global radiation at the three sites was made. The relative accuracy of the four models was determined by comparing the monthly average daily clear sky solar global radiation to that determined using the Iqbal filter. The analysis was performed on databases consisting of measurements made during the time interval of January 1991 to December 2004. The monthly average daily clear sky solar global radiation determined by the Berlynd model was found to give the best agreement with that determined using the Iqbal filter. The Berlynd model was then utilized to calculate a daily clear day index, K c , which is defined as the ratio of the daily solar global radiation to the daily clear day solar global radiation. It is suggested that this index be used as an indication of the degree of cloudiness. Linear regression analysis was performed on the individual monthly databases for each site to determine the correlation between the daily clear day index and the daily clearness index, K T

  16. Effects of drought stress condition on the yield of spring wheat ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    use

    2011-12-14

    Dec 14, 2011 ... spikelets to booting stage affected the yield and yield components. Water deficit at this stage considerably decreased the number of spikelets per spike. The spike length reportedly showed stability under different conditions. However, the findings of Iqbal et al. (1999) on durum wheat indicated that the ...

  17. 77 FR 75194 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-12-19

    ... Elimination of Child Labor ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: The Department of Labor (DOL) is submitting the Bureau of... Nominations for the Iqbal Masih Award for the Elimination of Child Labor,'' to the Office of Management and... Elimination of Child Labor, presented by the Secretary of Labor, is intended to recognize exceptional efforts...

  18. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy | Indian Academy of Sciences

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    2016-01-27

    Jan 27, 2016 ... Home; Journals; Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy; Volume 27; Issue 4. Volume 27, Issue 4. December 2006, pages 373-472. pp 373-379. Gravitational Clustering of Galaxies in an Expanding Universe · Naseer Iqbal Farooq Ahmad M. S. Khan · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF. We inquire the ...

  19. A Macdonald refined topological vertex

    Science.gov (United States)

    Foda, Omar; Wu, Jian-Feng

    2017-07-01

    We consider the refined topological vertex of Iqbal et al (2009 J. High Energy Phys. JHEP10(2009)069), as a function of two parameters ≤ft\\lgroup x, y \\right\\rgroup , and deform it by introducing the Macdonald parameters ≤ft\\lgroup q, t \\right\\rgroup , as in the work of Vuletić on plane partitions (Vuletić M 2009 Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 361 2789-804), to obtain ‘a Macdonald refined topological vertex’. In the limit q → t , we recover the refined topological vertex of Iqbal et al and in the limit x → y , we obtain a qt-deformation of the original topological vertex of Aganagic et al (2005 Commun. Math. Phys. 25 425-78). Copies of the vertex can be glued to obtain qt-deformed 5D instanton partition functions that have well-defined 4D limits and, for generic values of ≤ft\\lgroup q, t\\right\\rgroup , contain infinite-towers of poles for every pole present in the limit q → t .

  20. Browse Title Index

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Items 6051 - 6100 of 11090 ... W Hussain, I Inamullah, H Ahmad, MS Iqbal, FM Abbassi, R .... M Babar, AF Mashhadi, A Mehvish, AN Zahra, R Waheed, A Hasnain, S ur-Rahman, ... A. Ghaderi, M. T. Beigi Nasiri, K. H. Mirzadeh, J. Fayazi, A. S. Sadr ... B Aftab, AA Dahab, S Kiani, MA Ashraf, MB Sarwar, S Hassan, T Husnain.

  1. Editorial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bengisu Bayrak

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Volume 6.2 (2017 includes the articles by Hasan Gürkan, Bahar Muratoğlu Pehlivan & Gül Esra Atalay, Andrew Ali Ibbi, Iqbal Shailo, Alon Lazar & Tal Litvak Hirsch, Elloit Cardozo, Floribert Patrick C. Endong, Olugbenga Elegbe, Volkan Yücel & Ziya Toprak, Aslı Daldal, Funda Mardar Kara & Şakir Eşitti.

  2. African Journal of Biotechnology - Vol 8, No 19 (2009)

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    T Xie, A Wang, L Huang, H Li, Z Chen, Q Wang, X Yin ... M Babar, Y Saranga, Z Iqbal, M Arif, Y Zafar, E Lubbers, P Chee ... Evaluation of new generation maize steak virus (MSV) resistant maize varieties for adaptation to a southern guinea savanna ecology of Nigeria · EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT EMAIL FREE FULL TEXT

  3. relationship between maternal serum zinc, cord blood zinc and birth

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    FOBUR

    those obtained by Okonofua et al in Ile-Ife and. 17. Iqbal et al in Bangladesh but lower than the values. 18. 11 reported in studies in India and the United States. The similarity in the mean maternal serum zinc obtained in this study with the studies in Ife and. Bangladesh could be a reflection of the similarity among the study ...

  4. Targeting Neuropilin-1 in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-01

    USA; Dr. Leland W. K. Chung (Email: Leland.Chung@cshs.org), Uro -Oncology Research Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA...Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, 2007. 25 Zhang S, Zhau HE, Iqbal S, Chung LWK, Wu D. Vascular endothelial growth...15. Pedersen LO , Hansen AS, Olsen AC, et al. The interaction between h2-microglobulin (h2m) and puri- fied class-I major histocompatibility (MHC

  5. The Search for Peace in Mindanao: Resolving a Wicked Problem

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-03-22

    negotiating panel, still led by Mohagher Iqbal, but with new members such as Professor Abhoud Syed Linga and Datu Antonio Kinoc of B‘laan tribe...that the MILF received funds from charitable institutions operated by Mohammed Jamal Khalifa, Osama Bin Laden‘s brother-in-law.53 The MILF has...Crucible: A Reader (Quezon City: CenPeg Publications), 2008, p. 136. 19 7 Hermoso, p. 61. 8 Dato‘ Md Ismael bin Ahmad Khan, ―The International

  6. Cellular assessment of muscle in COPD: case studies of two males

    OpenAIRE

    Howard J Green; Eric Bombardier; Margaret E Burnett; et al

    2009-01-01

    Howard J Green1, Eric Bombardier1, Margaret E Burnett1, Christine L D’Arsigny2, Sobia Iqbal1, Katherine A Webb2, Jing Ouyang1, Denis E O’Donnell21Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; 2Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, CanadaAbstract: The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the recent developments in muscle physiology a...

  7. Cytogenetic studies in green mussel, Perna viridis (Mytiloida: Pteriomorphia), from West Coast of India

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Iqbal, A.N.M.Z.; Khan, M.S.; Goswami, U.

    species belonging to Pulmonate Communicated by S.W.A. Naqvi. A. N. Muhammed Zafar Iqbal (&) C1 M. S. Khan C1 U. Goswami Biological Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India e-mail: zafar_ian@yahoo.co.uk; zafarin... aquaculture productivity, with annual yield of 3,22,234 tonnes in 2004 (FAO 2004) and holds the 19th position in the worldwide mariculture industry. Karyotypic features have been analyzed and documented in detail using con- ventional staining, C-banding and Ag...

  8. A Review of Semantic Search Methods to Retrieve Information from the Qur’an Corpus

    OpenAIRE

    Alqahtani, MMA; Atwell, E

    2015-01-01

    The Holy Qur’an is the most important resource for the Islamic sciences and the Arabic language (Iqbal et al., 2013). Muslims believe that the Qur’an is a revelation from Allah that was given 1,356 years ago. The Qur’an contains about 80,000 words divided into 114 chapters (Atwell et al., 2011). A chapter consists of a varying number of verses. This holy book contains information on diverse topics, such as life and the history of humanity and scientific knowledge (Alrehaili and Atwell, 2014)....

  9. CEAI: CCM-based email authorship identification model

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sarwat Nizamani

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available In this paper we present a model for email authorship identification (EAI by employing a Cluster-based Classification (CCM technique. Traditionally, stylometric features have been successfully employed in various authorship analysis tasks; we extend the traditional feature set to include some more interesting and effective features for email authorship identification (e.g., the last punctuation mark used in an email, the tendency of an author to use capitalization at the start of an email, or the punctuation after a greeting or farewell. We also included Info Gain feature selection based content features. It is observed that the use of such features in the authorship identification process has a positive impact on the accuracy of the authorship identification task. We performed experiments to justify our arguments and compared the results with other base line models. Experimental results reveal that the proposed CCM-based email authorship identification model, along with the proposed feature set, outperforms the state-of-the-art support vector machine (SVM-based models, as well as the models proposed by Iqbal et al. (2010, 2013 [1,2]. The proposed model attains an accuracy rate of 94% for 10 authors, 89% for 25 authors, and 81% for 50 authors, respectively on Enron dataset, while 89.5% accuracy has been achieved on authors’ constructed real email dataset. The results on Enron dataset have been achieved on quite a large number of authors as compared to the models proposed by Iqbal et al. [1,2].

  10. Macdonald operators and homological invariants of the colored Hopf link

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Awata, Hidetoshi; Kanno, Hiroaki

    2011-01-01

    Using a power sum (boson) realization for the Macdonald operators, we investigate the Gukov, Iqbal, Kozcaz and Vafa (GIKV) proposal for the homological invariants of the colored Hopf link, which include Khovanov-Rozansky homology as a special case. We prove the polynomiality of the invariants obtained by GIKV's proposal for arbitrary representations. We derive a closed formula of the invariants of the colored Hopf link for antisymmetric representations. We argue that a little amendment of GIKV's proposal is required to make all the coefficients of the polynomial non-negative integers. (paper)

  11. Quantum repeated games revisited

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Frąckiewicz, Piotr

    2012-01-01

    We present a scheme for playing quantum repeated 2 × 2 games based on Marinatto and Weber’s approach to quantum games. As a potential application, we study the twice repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma game. We show that results not available in the classical game can be obtained when the game is played in the quantum way. Before we present our idea, we comment on the previous scheme of playing quantum repeated games proposed by Iqbal and Toor. We point out the drawbacks that make their results unacceptable. (paper)

  12. A Study of Learners’ Reflection on Andragogical Skills of Distance Education Tutors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irshad Hussain

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available The researcher conducted present study with the objectives to a. evaluate attitude of learners towards academic and tutoring skills of distance education tutors, b. assess the opinion of distance learners about assessment and evaluation skills of their tutors and c. examine reflection of learners on scaffolding skills of distance education tutors. The population of the study consisted of learners of pre-service teacher education (B.Ed semester spring 2010 programme of Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. The sample of the study was taken through the convenient sampling technique from three regions of Allama Iqbal Open University situated in the Punjab Province. A questionnaire was designed using a five-point (rating/Likert scale to elicit the reflection of (600 learners. However, the response rate was 78% (468 of the total sample. Interview schedule was also used as a research tool for collecting qualitative data from (50 respondents in five groups. The researcher analysed data quantitatively and qualitatively. The study concluded that the overall reflection of distance learners on andragogical skills of their tutors was positive. Apparently they were satisfied with andragogical skills of their tutors. They asserted that their tutors had academic and tutoring skills (consisting of encouraging, guiding & facilitating –emboldening and enabling skills, assessment & evaluation skills, and technical and social skills. However, tutors needed training to use social websites, Skype and mobile phone conferences and online discussion. Keeping in view the conclusion of the study, the researcher recommended short and long term training of tutors to use information and communication technologies appropriately.

  13. Ahmad Farooq see Iqbal Naseer, 373 Ali Syed Salman Study of a ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Since January 2016, the Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy has moved to Continuous Article Publishing (CAP) mode. This means that each accepted article is being published immediately online with DOI and article citation ID with starting page number 1. Articles are also visible in Web of Science immediately.

  14. Iqbal’s Philosophy on Islamic Education: A Historical Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Philosophy is science with the facts and data naturally relating to all aspects of human life coming into existence. As it throws light onto the problem of life and human destiny, it implies and postulates education. From these two aspects come their respective angles of vision, with similar issues and problems. Such are the meaning and purpose of human life, the relationship of the individual to the community and to his environment and the problem of values. Any coherent system of ideas, which provides guidance in facing these problems or offers a thoughtful criticism of existing institutions, culture, social practices and ways of thought, must necessarily be the basis of our educational theory and practice. In this regard, having strong conviction, the authors present Allama Muhammad Iqbal has contributed invaluable provision and solution on the problem of education. This paper intends to explore his idea on the Educational Philosophy which had been elaborated by Saiyidain. There is no doubt that Iqbal is the most versatile genius that modern Muslim world has produced. It will be difficult to find many who are his equals as educators, poets in any languages of the East or the West. He may not have built any great system of philosophy like Kant or Hegel, but his philosophical thinking was extensive as well as intensive. For, education is, after all, engaged in the process of critically evaluating and effectively transmitting the cultural heritage, knowledge and ideas of a social group to its young members, thereby securing the continuity of collective life and culture as well as ensuring their intelligent, the creative reconstruction.

  15. Konsep Being Perspektif Filsafat dan Islam

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suhermanto Jakfar

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available This article discuss the concept of being in the perspective of existentialism and Islam. The closest similarity to the word “being” is to on (Ancient Greece, as the word of einai, to be (on, onta. For Parmenides, “being” (to on is one, eternal and unchanging. Gabriel Marcel calls the way the human being with the term être-au-monde, etre in carne, geist-in-welt.  Martin Heidegger uses a formula being in the world to characterize human life. Being in the world as a feature of human life, human beings are in the situation. Living in a world of concrete means that there are human relationships with the situation. Sartre said that the real one where there are two, namely: I’etre en soi and I’etre pour Soi. For Sartre, I’etre en soi is the idea that only a concrete phenomenon has ontological status; only something concrete is real. Unlike the being-in-itself, for Sartre the concept of being-for-itself is a state of being that comes with the awareness and self-control. The concept of being (wujûd by Suhrawardî is a mental concepts (mahfûm that do not have the type and diferensia. In the illumination philosophy of Suhrawardî, the idea of ​​wujûd can not be separated from nature and depiction of light. The philosophy of wujûd by Mulla Sadrâ stands on three basic principles of fundamental importance. These three principles are as follows: wahdat al-wujûd, tashkîk al-wujûd, and tashkîk. While Mohammad Iqbal emphasis on metaphysics and anthropological philosophy. Iqbal gives greater emphasis on more concrete dimensions, namely khudi (ego.

  16. Doryctopambolus Nunes & Zaldívar-Riverón (Braconidae), a new neotropical doryctine wasp genus with propodeal spines

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nunes, Juliano Fiorelini; Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro; de Castro, Clóvis Sormus; Marsh, Paul M.; Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria; Briceño, Rosa; Martínez, Juan José

    2012-01-01

    Abstract The new Neotropical doryctine genus Doryctopambolus gen. n. is erected to contain Doryctopambolus pilcomayensis (van Achterberg & Braet, 2004), comb. n., which was previously placed within Pambolus (Pambolinae), as well as three new species, Doryctopambolus clebschi sp. n., Doryctopambolus dominicanus sp. n. and Doryctopambolus sarochensis sp. n. Members of this new genus are mainly characterised by the presence of at least one pair of conspicuous propodeal apico-lateral projections, which are similar to those present in all members of Pambolinae and in species of three Australasian doryctine genera. We generated DNA barcoding sequences for the three newly described species. We discuss the morphological similarity between species of the Australasian Echinodoryctes Belokobylskij, Iqbal & Austin and Doryctopambolus. A key for the described species of Doryctopambolus is provided. PMID:23166460

  17. Iqbal--Education and Cultivation of Self: A Way Forward for Muslims of the Subcontinent

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nauman, Sarwat

    2018-01-01

    Whether all educationists were philosophers or not, one thing is clear--that all philosophers were educationists--directly or indirectly. May it be Plato, Aristotle, Rousseau or Dewey, they all came up with the notion that to bring about any change at a greater level in a society, change in its educational system is fundamental. Dr. Mohammad…

  18. Reflection states in Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra and brane-web for D-type quiver

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bourgine, J.-E.; Fukuda, M.; Matsuo, Y.; Zhu, R.-D.

    2017-12-01

    Reflection states are introduced in the vertical and horizontal modules of the Ding-Iohara-Miki (DIM) algebra (quantum toroidal gl_1 ). Webs of DIM representations are in correspondence with ( p, q)-web diagrams of type IIB string theory, under the identification of the algebraic intertwiner of Awata, Feigin and Shiraishi with the refined topological vertex. Extending the correspondence to the vertical reflection states, it is possible to engineer the N=1 quiver gauge theory of D-type (with unitary gauge groups). In this way, the Nekrasov instanton partition function is reproduced from the evaluation of expectation values of intertwiners. This computation leads to the identification of the vertical reflection state with the orientifold plane of string theory. We also provide a translation of this construction in the Iqbal-Kozcaz-Vafa refined topological vertex formalism.

  19. A CRITICAL REVIEW OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN PROCESS OF DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Ajmal CHAUDRY

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Instructional design refers to planning, development, delivery and evaluation of instructional system. It is an applied field of study aiming at the application of descriptive research outcomes in regular instructional settings. The present study was designed to critically review the process of instructional design at Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU. It was survey study. Population of the study consisted of 120 academicians of different academic department of AIOU. Survey was conducted through questionnaire for academic staff. It was revealed that need assessment is not done before conceiving the outlines of a course. Also the course did not contain sufficient activities, picture and illustrations. It was also found that did not confirm the course objectives. The study recommended that proper of the course writers for distance learning may be arranged.

  20. CEAI: CCM based Email Authorship Identification Model

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nizamani, Sarwat; Memon, Nasrullah

    2013-01-01

    In this paper we present a model for email authorship identification (EAI) by employing a Cluster-based Classification (CCM) technique. Traditionally, stylometric features have been successfully employed in various authorship analysis tasks; we extend the traditional feature-set to include some...... more interesting and effective features for email authorship identification (e.g. the last punctuation mark used in an email, the tendency of an author to use capitalization at the start of an email, or the punctuation after a greeting or farewell). We also included Info Gain feature selection based...... reveal that the proposed CCM-based email authorship identification model, along with the proposed feature set, outperforms the state-of-the-art support vector machine (SVM)-based models, as well as the models proposed by Iqbal et al. [1, 2]. The proposed model attains an accuracy rate of 94% for 10...

  1. EFFECTIVENESS OF MC KENZIE EXERCISES IN REDUCING NECK AND BACK PAIN AMONG MADRASSA STUDENTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saima Aziz

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Background: In this advanced era, neck and back pain has become a common musculoskeletal problem. These symptoms have a high prevalence in the community and now they are affecting even our adolescents leaving a major impact on youth’s functional and educational activities. Nevertheless, the burden of these musculoskeletal pains, which relates not only to its prevalence but also to increase in physiological and psychological stress among them, distressing their creativity. Madrassa students have a daily exposure to neck and back pain due to poor posture. The McKenzie method is a popular treatment for back and neck pain among physical therapists. So, the intention of this study is to test the effectiveness of McKenzie exercises in neck and back pain, because hardly any data is available on McKenzie technique and its outcome in Pakistan. The objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of McKenzie exercises in reducing neck and back pain among madrassa students. Methods: The students were recruited from Madrassa Darul Akram (Baldia town and Jamia Ashraf-ul-madrassa (Gulshan-e-Iqbal Karachi. One sixty three students aged between 12–18 years of both genders who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected from Madrassa Darul Akram (Baldia town and Jamia Ashraf-ul-madrassa (Gulshane-Iqbal. The participants received McKenzie exercises programs intervention for three consecutive weeks. Outcome Measure: Neck Disability Index (NDI, Modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (ODI and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS Results: The present study showed significant results in all three scales in both genders (p<0.001.Among sections, the Hafiz students revealed greater score in all 3 scales before treatment as compared to ‘Alim/Alima’ and ‘Nazra’ students and after treatment showed significant results in all 3 domains (p<0.001. Conclusion: Findings of this study revealed that madrassa students were more prone to develop neck

  2. Silent killers: Transfusion Transmissible Infections-TTI, among asymptomatic population of Pakistan

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saeed, M.; Hussain, S.; Rashid, F.; Ahmad, M.; Arif, M.; Rahmani, M.T.H

    2017-01-01

    To analyse transfusion transmissible infections in asymptomatic population. Methods: This study was conducted at the Allama Iqbal Medical College and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from December 2014 to November 2015, and comprised healthy asymptomatic blood donors.Every sample was screened for the presence of antibodies/antigens of hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, treponemapallidum, hepatitis B virus and malaria parasite through rapid immunochromatographic technique. Results: Of the 18,274 blood donors, 17,276(94.53%) were found healthy and 998(5.46%) were infected. Besides, 71(0.38%) had multiple infections. The overall frequency of anti-hepatitis C virus, treponemapallidum (syphilis), hepatitis B surface antigen, malaria parasite and anti-human immunodeficiency virus was 480(2.62%), 284(1.55%), 210(1.10%), 20(0.10%) and 4(0.02%), respectively. Conclusion: Blood transfusion was found to be a significant but preventable mode of spread of transfusion transmissible infections. (author)

  3. Modeling and Control of Magnetic Fluid Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Systems

    CERN Document Server

    Wu, Zhizheng; Ben Amara, Foued

    2013-01-01

    Modeling and Control of Magnetic Fluid Deformable Mirrors for Adaptive Optics Systems presents a novel design of wavefront correctors based on magnetic fluid deformable mirrors (MFDM) as well as corresponding control algorithms. The presented wavefront correctors are characterized by their linear, dynamic response. Various mirror surface shape control algorithms are presented along with experimental evaluations of the performance of the resulting adaptive optics systems. Adaptive optics (AO) systems are used in various fields of application to enhance the performance of optical systems, such as imaging, laser, free space optical communication systems, etc. This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, professors, engineers, scientists and researchers working on the design of adaptive optics systems and their various emerging fields of application. Zhizheng Wu is an associate professor at Shanghai University, China. Azhar Iqbal is a research associate at the University of Toronto, Canada. Foue...

  4. COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES OF STUDY STRATEGIES AMONG HIGH AND LOW ACHIEVERS DISTANCE LEARNING STUDENTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Imran YOUSUF

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available The main aim of this research is to better understand and draw perceptions of low and high achiever distance learners about their study patterns. The study indicates the areas where significant difference is found among low and high achievers of Allama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan through a self developed questionnaire covering their preferred study location, study times, number of hours spent on study, the difficulties affecting their study patterns and the organization of study strategies in comparative perspective. Greater difficulties were being faced by low achievers in their study. Increased difficulties were encountered by low achievers with study material, volume of study, self-motivation and other factors. There was no significant difference between low and high achievers for their study strategies of studying materials without taking notes and reading aloud. Greater low achievers attempted easy portions of their study material first and took notes simultaneously as compared to high achievers.

  5. COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES OF AIOU AND UKOU

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amtul Hafeez CHOUDHRY

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACT This paper attempts to compare the availability, quality, similarities and differences of student support services in Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU and United Kingdom Open University (UKOU and also to identify and enlist the deficiencies that AIOU students are facing in the student support services. The study found out that student support services of AIOU are quantitatively developing rapidly on the lines of UKOU. Though the regional campuses of both the institutions have almost the same status in the provision of student support service yet the UKOU students have better services in the guidance and counseling, modern communication facilities and career guidance. Moreover, there also exists Open University student association in UKOU. The conclusions led to the recommendation that AIOU regional campuses may be made independent like UKOU, counseling and guidance cell might be established at every regional campus, modern communication facilities like toll free, auto answer may be provided at AIOU regional campuses.

  6. Allocation of Tutors and Study Centers in Distance Learning Using Geospatial Technologies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shahid Nawaz Khan

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU is Pakistan’s largest distance learning institute, providing education to 1.4 million students. This is a fairly large setup across a country where students are highly geographically distributed. Currently, the system works using a manual approach, which is not efficient. Allocation of tutors and study centers to students plays a key role in creating a better learning environment for distance learning. Assigning tutors and study centers to distance learning students is a challenging task when there is a huge geographic spread. Using geospatial technologies in open and distance learning can fix allocation problems. This research analyzes real data from the twin cities Islamabad and Rawalpindi. The results show that geospatial technologies can be used for efficient and proper resource utilization and allocation, which in turn can save time and money. The overall idea fits into an improved distance learning framework and related analytics.

  7. EFFECTIVENESS OF M.A. EPM PROGRAM LAUNCHED THROUGH DISTANCE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Syed Manzoor HUSSAIN SHAH

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available The study focus the effectiveness of the M.A EPM progam launched through distance education system of AIOU. For this purpose the performance of heads of educational institutions with and without M.A EPM degree was analyzed keeping in view different major aspects i.e. planning strategies, managerial approaches, coordination, administration and use of financial resources. The population of the study consisted of heads of educational institutions with and without MA EPM degree in Punjab. It was found that the performance of heads with EPM degree was better while planning strategies, management, coordination, following govt. policies, preparing annual budget and using financial resources as compared to heads without EPM degree. On the basis of the conclusions of the study it was recommended that MA EPM degree may be declared compulsory for heads of educational institutions. All the universities may start MA EPM degree to fulfill the requirements of working and professional educational planners and managers of the country.

  8. 76 FR 48902 - Solicitation of Nominations for the United States Department of Labor's Iqbal Masih Award for the...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-08-09

    ... application wrapper or other documentary evidence or receipt maintained by that office. Applications sent by... Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. This collection of information is approved under...

  9. 75 FR 38835 - Solicitation of Nominations for the United States Department of Labor's Iqbal Masih Award for the...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-06

    ... of Labor is the date/time stamp of the ILAB/OCFT on the application wrapper or other documentary... currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. This collection of information is...

  10. USE OF LIBRARIES IN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEM: Barriers to the Use of AIOU Libraries by Tutors and Students

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdul Jabbar BHATTI,

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available This study explores; the library needs of students and tutors of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU, utilization level of the library facilities and resources, the problems in the use of library, and suggestions for improvement of library facilities for students and tutors. Data collected from 4080 students and 526 tutors belonging to 15 different regional offices showed that students and tutors needed library for various educational purposes, the regional libraries were not being used much, and both tutors and students were facing various problems such as unsuitable library timing, long distance between library and their residence, non availability of latest journals, non availability of required material, lack of temperature control in the library, insufficient study area, lack of latest books, and inadequate staff. For improving library facility at regional level, the students and tutors suggested to; provide more books and journals, expand library timings, arrange library facility at workshop venues, make arrangements to advertise the resources and services at the library to the students, provide computers and internet service, provide trained staff, and arrange partnership with other academic libraries.

  11. Determination of rust resistance genes in pakistani bread wheats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qamar, M.; Ahmad, S.D.; Rabbani, M.A.; Shinwari, Z.K.

    2014-01-01

    Stripe and leaf rusts are the major constraints to bread wheat production in Pakistan. Molecular markers were used to investigate the presence of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance gene cluster Lr34/Yr18 and stem rust resistance gene Sr2 in 52 Pakistani bread wheat cultivars/lines. PCR amplification of DNA fragments using DNA marker csLV-34 showed that 13 of the studied cultivars/lines, namely 03FJ26, NR 337, NR 339, NR 347, NR 350, Manthar, Margalla 99, Iqbal 2000, Saleem 2000, Wafaq 2001, Marwat 2001, Pirsabak 2004 and Fareed 2006 carry leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes Lr34/Yr18. Stem rust resistance gene Sr2 was observed in 36 Pakistani spring wheat cultivars/lines using stm560.3tgag marker. The slow rusting gene Sr2 needs to be combined with additional stem rust resistance genes to establish durable resistance against Ug99 in modern wheat cultivars. Low frequency of Lr34/Yr18 was found in Pakistani wheats. This gene cluster needs to be incorporated into Pakistani wheats for durable rust resistance. (author)

  12. An assessment of chemical properties and hardgrove grindability index of punjab coal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shahzad, M.; Iqbal, M.M.; Hassan, S.A.

    2014-01-01

    This paper deals with the delamination of chemical properties and hardgrove grindability index (HGI) of coal samples collected from three different coal fields of Punjab; Eastern Salt Range, Central Salt Range and Makerwal coal fields. The chemical properties of Punjab coal reveal that most of the Punjab coal belongs to sub-bituminous category except coal of Tunnel C section of Makerwal Collieries and Iqbal Mineral coal mine of Dalwal, which are high volatile bituminous and lignite, respectively. The results of the research show that the HGI values of Punjab coal vary from 57 to 92. The eastern salt range coals are found to be the softest coals among that of three coal fields. It was further observed that the HGI values of the Punjab coal decrease with increasing moisture content, fixed carbon and sulphur contents, while it has a positive relation with volatile matter, ash content and gross calorific value. It was concluded that moisture content at its lower range has negligible effect on HGI of the Punjab coal. (author)

  13. Serum zinc level in children with malnutrition

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ahmad, T.M.; Mahmood, M.T.; Baluch, G.R.; Bhatti, M.T.

    2000-01-01

    Serum zinc level amongst children with protein energy malnutrition (PEM) was evaluated in a control study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics, Allama Iqbal Medical College and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Twenty-five children with PEM and 25 healthy children as control from the community were screened. Mean serum zinc level was found to be 54.48 -+ 18.91 mg/dl in children with PEM while it was 72.72 -+ 8.21 mg/dl in control group (P < 0.001). No significant difference in zinc level was noted between both sexes in each group. Marasmic 16 children revealed mean serum zinc level of 57.55 -+ 18.16 mg/dl while in Kwashiorkor it was 44.57 -+ 13.66 mg/dl. Serum zinc was significantly low in Kwashiorkor than in marasmus (P < 0.001). It was also significantly low in children with acute or chronic diarrhea associated with malnutrition (44.66 -+ 16.0 mg/dl). Acute respiratory infections in these children were not associated with low serum zinc level (71.66 -+ 16.51 mg/dl). (author)

  14. Modifications to holographic entanglement entropy in warped CFT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Song, Wei; Wen, Qiang; Xu, Jianfei [Yau Mathematical Sciences Center, Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084 (China)

    2017-02-13

    In https://www.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.011602 it was observed that asymptotic boundary conditions play an important role in the study of holographic entanglement beyond AdS/CFT. In particular, the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal must be modified for warped AdS{sub 3} (WAdS{sub 3}) with Dirichlet boundary conditions. In this paper, we consider AdS{sub 3} and WAdS{sub 3} with Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. The conjectured holographic duals are warped conformal field theories (WCFTs), featuring a Virasoro-Kac-Moody algebra. We provide a holographic calculation of the entanglement entropy and Rényi entropy using AdS{sub 3}/WCFT and WAdS{sub 3}/WCFT dualities. Our bulk results are consistent with the WCFT results derived by Castro-Hofman-Iqbal using the Rindler method. Comparing with https://www.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.011602, we explicitly show that the holographic entanglement entropy is indeed affected by boundary conditions. Both results differ from the Ryu-Takayanagi proposal, indicating new relations between spacetime geometry and quantum entanglement for holographic dualities beyond AdS/CFT.

  15. LEGAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL FATHER: The Analysis of Constitutional Court Decree No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 in the Perspective of Civil and Islamic Law

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marilang Marilang

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available In Indonesia, children born out of wedlock only have legal relationship or family lineage relationship with their mother and mother’s family, not with their biological father and biological father’s family. This provisions of law are arranged in Article 43 paragraph (1 of Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974 which is highly influenced by Shafi’ite School of Islamic jurisprudence. Through judicial review of Aisyah (Machica Mochtar and her son named M. Iqbal Ramadhan, Constitutional Court has agreed to waive the provisions by means of the Decree Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 with legal consideration that the concerned article contravenes the Constitution, then it creates new legal norm which states those children have legal relationship and family lineage with their mother and mother’s family and also the man who is their father. The Decree sparks controversies concerning the term ‘children born out of wedlock’ and ‘legal relationship’ in the decree. Contrary to many law experts, the article argues that the term ‘children born out of wedlock’ simply means children born from zina (adultery or fornication. Thus, ‘legal relationship’ only refer to limited relationship between both parties.

  16. MENYOAL KESENJANGAN ANTARA DAS SOLLEN ISLAM DENGAN DAS SEIN PRAKSIS KEHIDUPAN KAUM MUSLIMIN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yusuf Suyono

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract:This paper embarks from the question why the valuable Islamic ethics cannot be ethos grounded in the nation-state Muslim majority country-including in Indonesia? Phenomena such as the majlis taklim, majlis dhikr, interest pilgrimage exceeds the quota, the Islamic banking activity is equally excited, is real. However, it is not enough. Muslims should master the science, economics, and the strategic role of national politics. Islamic ethics is Dassollen, the Muslims condition is DasSein. ProphetMuḥammad has abled to unite Das sein andDassollenin his life, because Islam hasbecomehis bloodso that he is a mirror and store front of Islampar excellence. Muslims, as his follower, not been able todo like him. Al-Amir ArsalanSyākib, Muḥammad ‘Abduh, MohammadIqbal, Muḥammadal-Ghazālī, Ḥassan Ḥanafihavetried to formulatehow tobridge the gapbetween Das sollenandDasSein forMuslims. Theyhave adeep concern about thewide gapbetweenDasSeinpraxis in life of Muslims with DassollenIslamicteachings in slogan ya’lu walā yu’la ‘alaih. Whileatthe same timetheyseehowthe berufethos of Calvinismcouldencouragethe ethos ofmoderncapitalismto its adherentsin Western Europe, a Zen Buddhistethoscouldpushthe Japaneseintothe Asiantigers, andspirit Confucius encouragethe Korean peopleintothe Asiandragon. Abstrak:Tulisan ini berangkat dari pertanyaan mengapa etika Islam yang adiluhung itu tidak bisa membumi menjadi etos bangsa di negara-negara yang mayoritas penduduknya Muslim–termasuk di Indonesia. Fenomena seperti majlis taklim, majlis zikir, minat menunaikan ibadah haji melebihi kuota, aktivitas perbankan syariah tak kalah bersemangat, adalah nyata. Namun, itu tidak cukup. Umat Islam seharusnya lebih dari itu dalam penguasaan ilmu pengetahuan, ekonomi, dan peran strategis politik kebangsaan. Etika Islam itulah Das Sollen, keadaan kaum Muslimin itulah Das Sein. Muhammad Rasulullah telah mampu menyatukan Das Sein dan Das Sollen dalam hidupnya. Hal

  17. Optimization of aspergillus niger nutritional conditions using statistical experimental methods for bio-recovery of manganese from pyrolusite

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mujeeb-ur-Rahman; Yasinzai, M.M.; Tareen, R.B.; Iqbal, A.; Gul, S.; Odhano, E.A.

    2011-01-01

    Optimization of aspergillus niger nutritional conditions using statistical experimental methods for bio-recovery of manganese from pyrolusite Mujeeb-ur-rahman, Mohammed Masoom Yasinzai, Rasool Bakhsh Tareen, Asim Iqbal, Ejaz Ali Odhano, Shereen Gul. The nutritional requirements for Aspergillus niger PCSIR-06 for bio-recovery of manganese from pyrolusite ore were optimized. Box-Bhenken design and response surface methodology were used for designing of experiment and statistical analysis of the results. This procedure limited the number of actual experiments to 54 for studying the possible interaction between six nutrients. The optimum concentration of the nutrients were Sucrose 148.5 g/L, KH/sub 2/PO/sub 4/ 0.50 g/L, NH/sub 4/NO/sub 3/ 0.33 g/L, MgSO/sub 4/ 0.41 g/L, Zn 23.76 mg/L, Fe 0.18 mg/L for Aspergillus niger to achieve maximum bio-recovery of manganese (82.47 +- 5.67%). The verification run confirmed the predicted optimized concentration of all the six ingredients for maximum bio leaching of manganese and successfully confirmed the use of Box-Bhenken experimental design for maximum bio-recovery. Results also revealed that small and less time consuming experimental designs could be efficient for optimization of bio-recovery processes. (author)

  18. Development of Hydrotalcite Based Cobalt Catalyst by Hydrothermal and Co-precipitation Method for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Muhammad Faizan Shareef

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents the effect of a synthesis method for cobalt catalyst supported on hydrotalcite material for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The hydrotalcite supported cobalt (HT-Co catalysts were synthesized by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method. The prepared catalysts were characterized by using various techniques like BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy, TGA (Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, XRD (X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Fixed bed micro reactor was used to test the catalytic activity of prepared catalysts. The catalytic testing results demonstrated the performance of hydrotalcite based cobalt catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis with high selectivity for liquid products. The effect of synthesis method on the activity and selectivity of catalyst was also discussed. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reserved Received: 3rd November 2016; Revised: 26th February 2017; Accepted: 9th March 2017; Available online: 27th October 2017; Published regularly: December 2017 How to Cite: Sharif, M.S., Arslan, M., Iqbal, N., Ahmad, N., Noor, T. (2017. Development of Hydrotalcite Based Cobalt Catalyst by Hydrothermal and Co-precipitation Method for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12(3: 357-363 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.3.762.357-363

  19. BUILDING A GLOBAL FUTURE THROUGH RESEARCH AND INNOVATIVE PRACTICES IN OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sheikh Tariq MAHMOOD

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available The current study aims to investigate awareness of research students about the concept of plagiarism and to suggest possible ways to avoid it; a descriptive survey study was conducted. The objectives of the study were to examine the researcher’s knowledge about concept of plagiarism, knowledge about specific terminologies, types of plagiarism, and consequences of plagiarism and to suggest possible ways to avoid it. Study was delimited to the research students of Faculty of Education at PhD, M.Phil. and MA level in Allma Iqbal Open University. A sample of hundred students was selected through snowball sampling technique, five point Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Major finding were that most of the students had misconception of plagiarism, most of them were unaware about the specific terminologies and types of plagiarism. Majority of the students were unaware about the consequences of plagiarism. On the basis of findings it was concluded that they were not properly taught about the concept of plagiarism during their course work in research and it had implications on the quality of research. The major recommendations were to add sufficient material about plagiarism in research courses and students may be informed about the HEC polices about plagiarism.

  20. Fostering Self-Regulated Learning through Distance Education: A Case Study of M.Phil Secondary Teacher Education Program of Allama Iqbal Open University

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ambreen, Munazza; Haqdad, Ambreen; Saleem, Wajid A.

    2016-01-01

    Self-regulated learning (SLR) has been recognized as a pivotal antecedent of students' effective learning and academic achievement. A self-regulated learner can independently and effectively plan for learning, choose and use appropriate learning strategies and reflect and monitor learning progress. Self-regulated learning, for learners in general…

  1. The Concept of Khudi (The Self in Iqbal’s The Secrets of the Self

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aurang Zeb

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available This article is an attempt to study the concept of “Khudi” in Iqbal’s The Secrets of the Self not only on theoretical grounds but also on account of its poetic expression. This research article focuses upon Iqbal’s inventive doctrine of the self; and all the subsequent works of Iqbal supplemented and further refined this central concept. The dominant idea that Iqbal emphasizes is that knowing oneself is in fact an immediate perception of God. He focuses his attention on the individual “I”, thus shifting the emphasis from divine to human. The path of recognition of the self is the path that takes one to a contact with the Absolute. Iqbal’s whole conception of the growth of the selfhood consists of three levels: i-                     the self and “I am ness (intrapersonal ii-                   the self and the other (interpersonal iii-                  the self and God (transpersonal The first level of the self and “I am ness” can be likened to the first (lowermost level of psychological needs in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. At this level the self is just conscious of its own self. This “I am ness” marks the first awakening of the self. The self cannot think beyond itself until and unless the physiological needs are satisfied. The other level of “the self and the other” can be linked to psychological and social needs. After the station of the biological or physiological needs, the self yearns for security and stability. Here, at this level, the self is able to recognize the other that is to see oneself in the light of the other. When physiological and safety needs are fairly satisfied as Maslow suggests, “People have belongingness and love needs---they feel the need that they belong somewhere instead of being transient or newcomers---“(Hall 204. Relatedness is a need of belongingness, which starts from our natural ties with our mother and reaches to universal

  2. Medical students’ experiences of resuscitation and discussions surrounding resuscitation status

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aggarwal AR

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Asha R Aggarwal, Iqbal Khan Department of Medical Education, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, UK Objectives: In the UK, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR should be undertaken in the event of cardiac arrest unless a patient has a “Do Not Attempt CPR” document. Doctors have a legal duty to discuss CPR with patients or inform them that CPR would be futile. In this study, final-year medical students were interviewed about their experiences of resuscitation on the wards and of observing conversations about resuscitation status to explore whether they would be equipped to have an informed discussion about resuscitation in the future. Methods: Twenty final-year medical students from two medical schools were interviewed about their experiences on the wards. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was undertaken.Results: Students who had witnessed CPR on the wards found that aspects of it were distressing. A significant minority had never seen resuscitation status being discussed with a patient. No students reported seeing a difficult conversation. Half of the students interviewed reported being turned away from difficult conversations by clinicians. Only two of the twenty students would feel comfortable raising the issue of resuscitation with a patient. Conclusion: It is vital that doctors are comfortable talking to patients about resuscitation. Given the increasing importance of this aspect of communication, it should be considered for inclusion in the formal communication skills teaching during medical school. Keywords: undergraduate, communication, DNACPR, palliative care, end of life care

  3. Evaluation of wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance using physiological indices as screening tool

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zafar, S.; Niaz, M.; Kausar, A.

    2015-01-01

    Salinity is a major threat to world food security, to ensure future food needs of an increasing world population, development of salt tolerant crop varieties are necessary. Effective screening techniques for salinity tolerance would be beneficial in developing high yielding and salt tolerant wheat varieties. In the present study, an attempt for rapid screening of wheat genotypes for salt tolerance was made. Twenty wheat genotypes were evaluated for salinity tolerance under laboratory/green-house conditions using different physiological indices like germination stress tolerance index (GSI), shoot length stress tolerance index (SLSI), root length stress tolerance index (RLSI) , shoot dry biomass stress tolerance index (SDSI). The data was pooled together to different multivariate techniques including correlation and cluster analysis to assess the diversity for salt tolerance in wheat genotypes. Highly significant and positive correlations were found between GSI, SDWSI and RDWSI. Cluster analysis classified 20 genotypes into three divergent groups. The members of first cluster (Abadgharr, Bhakkar-2000, Chakwal-86, Kiran-95, LU-26-S, Margalla-99, Marvi Pak-81, Sarsabaz) exhibited adequate degree of salt tolerance on the basis of various physiological stress tolerance indices, whereas, cluster-2 included genotypes (Bhattai, Pasban-90, Shafaq-2006, Soghat-90) with medium level of salt tolerance and cluster-3 consisted of wheat genotypes (Inqilab-91, Iqbal-2000, Kohistan-97, PARI-73, Punjab-90, Sehar-2006 and Uqab-6) with lower level of salt tolerance and did not perform upto the mark. On the basis of results and scores obtained, indicated that physiological indices can be used as a selection tool for salinity tolerance in wheat. (author)

  4. Assess arsenic distribution in groundwater applying GIS in capital of Punjab, Pakistan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akhtar, M. M.; Zhonghua, T.; Sissou, Z.; Mohamadi, B.

    2015-03-01

    Arsenic contamination of groundwater resources threatens the health of millions of people worldwide, particularly in the densely populated river deltas of Southeast Asia. Arsenic causes health concerns due to its significant toxicity and worldwide presence in portable water. The major sources of arsenic pollution may be natural process such as dissolution of arsenic containing minerals and anthropogenic activities. Lahore is groundwater dependent city, arsenic contamination is a major issue of portable water and has recently been most environmental health management issue especially in the plain region, where population density is very high. GIS was used in this study for visualizing distribution of arsenic groundwater concentration through geostatistics analysis technique, and exposure risk zones for two years (2010 and 2012). Town's data was compared and concentration variation evaluated. ANOVA test was also applied to compare concentration between cities and years. Arsenic concentrations widely range 7.3-67.8 and 5.2-69.3 μg L-1 in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Over 71% area is represented arsenic concentration range from 20 to 30 μg L-1 in both analyzed years. However, in 2012 arsenic concentration over 40 μg L-1 has covered 7.6% area of Data Gunjbuksh and 8.1% of Ravi Town, while over 90% area of Allama Iqbal, Aziz Bhatti and Samanabad Town contain arsenic concentration between 20-30 μg L-1. ANOVA test depicts concentration probability less than 0.05, while differences were detected among towns. In light of current results, it needs urgent step to ensure groundwater protection and preservation for future.

  5. Extreme total solar irradiance due to cloud enhancement at sea level of the NE Atlantic coast of Brazil

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Piacentini, Ruben D. [Instituto de Fisica Rosario (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Rosario), 27 de Febrero 210bis, 2000 Rosario (Argentina); Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingenieria y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Pellegrini 250, 2000 Rosario (Argentina); Salum, Graciela M. [Instituto de Fisica Rosario (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Rosario), 27 de Febrero 210bis, 2000 Rosario (Argentina); Facultad Regional Concepcion del Uruguay, Universidad Tecnologica Nacional, Concepcion del Uruguay (Argentina); Fraidenraich, Naum; Tiba, Chigueru [Grupo de Pesquisas em Fontes Alternativas de Energia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luiz Freire, 1000 - 50.740-540, Recife, PE (Brazil)

    2011-01-15

    Extraterrestrial total solar irradiance, usually called Solar Constant, is attenuated by the atmosphere in different proportions, depending mainly on solar zenith angle and altitude of the measurement point. In this work, it is presented very high and extreme horizontal plane measurements of global solar irradiance that in some days overpassed the Solar Constant corrected by the actual Sun-Earth distance (CSC). They were obtained at sea level of the intertropical Atlantic coast, in the city of Recife, Brazil, in the period February 2008-January 2009. Extreme total solar irradiance values larger than CSC were measured during 3.4% of the days of the total registered period. This percentage increases to 7.4% for global solar irradiance within 95.1-100% of the CSC and to 15.3% within 90.1-95% of the CSC. The largest extreme total solar irradiance value, 1477 {+-} 30 W/m{sup 2}, was registered the 28th of March 2008 at 11:34 local time (UT - 3h). It overpassed by 7.9% the CSC value for this day (1369.4 W/m{sup 2}) and by 42.3% the estimated value of the clear sky Iqbal C radiation model (1037.7 W/m{sup 2}). The observation of extreme values should be taken into account in the study of solar radiation effects related to materials exposed to the outside, UV index and biological effects, among others. Also, the detailed knowledge of this interesting effect may contribute significantly to clarify physical aspects about the interaction of global solar radiation with the ecosystem and climate change. (author)

  6. Prevalence and pattern of self-medication in Karachi: A community survey

    Science.gov (United States)

    Afridi, M. Iqbal; Rasool, Ghulam; Tabassum, Rabia; Shaheen, Marriam; Siddiqullah; Shujauddin, M.

    2015-01-01

    Objective: To study the prevalence and pattern of self-medication among adult males and females in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional community- based survey was carried out at five randomly selected towns of Karachi (Defence, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, North Nazimabad, Malir, Orangi town) over a period of 3 months (October, November & December 2012). A sample size of 500 adult cases (250 males & 250 females), with systemic random selection from different towns of Karachi were inducted in this study. The city was divided in 5 zones and one town from each zone was selected by systemic randomization. First available male and female from each randomly selected house were included in the study. After consent and confidentiality assurance they were interviewed on semi-structured Performa designed for this purpose. Results were analyzed and tabulated through SPSS v14.0. Result: The prevalence of self-medication in males and females in Karachi is found to be 84.8% (males 88.4% and females 81.2%). The most frequent symptoms for which self-medication used were headache (32.7%), fever (23.3%) and the medicines used were painkillers (28.8%), fever reducer medicines (19.8%). The most common reason 33.3% was previous experience with similar symptom. Conclusion: Self-medication is highly prevalent (84.8%) in Karachi. It was frequently used for headache followed by fever. Predominantly painkillers, fever reducer and cough syrups were used in the form of tablets and syrups. Main source of medicines for males were friends and for females were relatives. PMID:26649022

  7. Adrenal insufficiency in pakistani hiv infected patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Afreen, B.; Khan, K.A.; Riaz, A.

    2017-01-01

    Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is the most common endocrine complication among patients with AIDS/HIV infection and there are number of causes of AI in HIV patients. Human immunodeficiency virus directly as well as indirectly destroys adrenal glands. The estimates of its prevalence and severity vary. AI is the most life threatening but readily correctable endocrine complication that occurs in persons with HIV infection. This study was carried out to determine the frequency of Adrenal Insufficiency in HIV patients and their clinical features as proper diagnosis and timely treatment have been shown to improve quality of life and long-term mortality in AIDS patients. Methods: It was a cross sectional survey conducted at HIV clinic and Jinnah Allama Iqbal Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Sixty-four HIV positive patients, both male and female, aged above 15 years were included in the study. HIV patients who had recently taken steroids, ketoconazole or rifampicin, determined on history, were excluded from the study. The data was collected on a structured proforma and analysis was performed in SPSS-21.0. Frequency and percentages for adrenal insufficiency and its characteristics were calculated. Chi-square test was used with p<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: In this study, 9 (14.06%) HIV patients were diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency, male to female ratio was 3.5:1 and AI was found statistically significantly associated with fatigue (p<0.008) and weight loss (p<0.001). Conclusion: Adrenal insufficiency was high among the patients with HIV, it was not gender specific but it was found to be associated with fatigue and weight loss. (author)

  8. Microbiological pattern of ventilator associated pneumonia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ali, S.; Wahid, K.; Iqbal, Z.

    2015-01-01

    Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important and common complication of mechanically ventilated patients. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Intensive Care Units (ICU) worldwide. The aim of study was to determine the pattern of bacteria involved in VAP in intensive care unit of Jinnah hospital Lahore. Methods: It was descriptive case series study, conducted over a period of one year on mechanically ventilated 50 patients. American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines recommend quantitative/semi-quantitative culture of endotracheal aspirates (ETA) or bronchoscopic aspirates/washing from the infected lung segments for the diagnosis of VAP. Hence this study was conducted to identify the types of bacteria involved in VAP in our ICU. Patients enrolled were clinically and radiologically suspected VAP, admitted in the ICU of Jinnah Hospital/Allama Iqbal Medical College (AIMC) Lahore. Bronchial washings were taken with the help of Fiber optic bronchoscope. Wherever bronchoscopy was not possible, subglottic secretions were collected with the help of sterilized catheter and sucker. Collected samples were sent to the Pathology laboratory of AIMC for aerobic culture and sensitivity. Results: Major pathogenic bacteria isolated were Gram negative (74%). Among this group E. coli, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Acinetobacter were the commonest organisms. Gram positive bacteria were 20%, Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and haemolyticus streptococci were the major isolate. In 4% cases mixed growth and in 2% cases no growth was reported. Conclusion: Major pathogenic organisms of VAP in our ICU are Gram negative bacteria. The Bacteriological culture of endobroncheal aspirates is helpful in the diagnosis and management of VAP. Emperic antibiotic therapy for VAP should cover Gram negative organisms. (author)

  9. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: evaluation of pathogen burden and drug-resistance trends in a tertiary care hospital

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saeed, M.; Hussain, S.; Ahmad, A.

    2018-01-01

    To evaluate the pathogen burden and antibiotic-resistance trends of Pseudomonas aeruginosa among hospitalised patients at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design:Retrospective, hospital record-based, cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:Microbiology Laboratory, Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, from January 2014 to December 2016. Methodology:A total of 5,960 samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of bacterial infections, admitted to the hospital. Microbial identification and antibiotic susceptibility pattern were carried out and analysed. Results:Out of a total of 5,960 samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosawas isolated from 1,268 (21.2%) specimens. Department-wise isolation rate was n=600 (42.9%), n=268 (15.4%), n=201 (12.6%), and n=199 (16.0%) from intensive care unit (ICU), surgical units, medical units, and Gynae wards, respectively (p<0.0001). Sample-wise isolation rate was, wound swabs n=448 (35%), urine n=356 (28%), sputum n=187 (14 %), tracheal aspirate n=127 (10%), blood n=99 (7%), and broncho-alveolar lavage n=51 (4%) (p<0.0001). Drug-resistance pattern showed low rates for carbapenems (meropenem n=440 (35%), Imipenem n=436 (34%) and beta-lactam + beta-lactamase inhibitor combination (piperacillin+ tazobactam n=437 (34%) while alarming rates were observed for cephalosporins (ceftazidime n=716 (56%), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin n=690 (54%), cefoperazone+sulbactam n=685 (54%), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, n=669 (53%), amikacin n=608 (48%), and monobactams (aztreonam n=666 (52%). Decreasing trend was observed only for amikacin 63% to 37%, aztreonam showed similar pattern throughout, while there was an increasing trend of drug resistance in all groups of antibiotics. Conclusion:Emerging drug-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosaare probably linked to the injudicious use of antibiotics, leading to ineffective empirical therapy. Therefore, we suggest that culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing should

  10. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Dental Anxiety: Open Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shahnavaz, Shervin; Hedman-Lagerlöf, Erik; Hasselblad, Tove; Reuterskiöld, Lena; Kaldo, Viktor; Dahllöf, Göran

    2018-01-22

    and self-efficacy increased significantly (P<.001), within-group effect sizes for both the primary outcome (Cohen d=1.5), and other outcomes were large in the range of 0.9 and 1.5. According to K-SADS-PL, 53% (8/15) of the participants were free from diagnosable dental anxiety at the 1-year follow-up. At the 1-year follow-up, improvements were maintained and clinically significant, with 60% (9/15) of participants who had been unable to manage intraoral injection of local anesthetics before ICBT reporting having accomplished this task at a dental clinic. The target group showed improvement in all the outcome measures. High levels of feasibility and acceptability were observed for the treatment. ICBT is a promising and feasible treatment for dental anxiety in children and adolescents. Integrating it into routine pediatric dental care would increase access to an effective psychological treatment. The results of this open trial must be replicated in controlled studies. ©Shervin Shahnavaz, Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf, Tove Hasselblad, Lena Reuterskiöld, Viktor Kaldo, Göran Dahllöf. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 22.01.2018.

  11. Level, pattern, and determinants of polypharmacy and inappropriate use of medications by village doctors in a rural area of Bangladesh

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rasu RS

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Rafia S Rasu,1 Mohammad Iqbal,2 SMA Hanifi,2 Ariful Moula2 Shahidul Hoque,2 Sabrina Rasheed,2 Abbas Bhuiya2 1School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA; 2Centre for Equity and Health System, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR,B, Dhaka, Bangladesh Objective: Village doctors, informal health care providers practicing modern medicine, are dominant health care providers in rural Bangladesh. Given their role, it is important to examine their prescription pattern and inappropriate use of medication. Methods: These cross-sectional study data were collected through surveys of patients seen by village doctors during 2008 and 2010 at Chakaria, a typical rural area of Bangladesh. Categorization of appropriate, inappropriate, and harmful prescriptions by disease conditions was based on guidelines defined by the World Health Organization (WHO, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF, and the Government of Bangladesh. Analytical categorization of polypharmacy was defined when five or more medications were prescribed for a patient at a single visit. Findings: A total of 2,587 prescriptions were written by village doctors during the survey periods. Among the prescriptions were appropriate (10%, inappropriate (8%, combination of appropriate and inappropriate (63%, and harmful medications (19%. Village doctors with more than high school education were 53% less likely (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.86 to give polypharmacy prescriptions than those with less than high school education. While exploring determinants of prescribing inappropriate and harmful medications, this study found that polypharmacy prescriptions were six times more likely [OR: 6.00, 95% CI: 3.88–9.29] to have harmful medications than prescriptions with <5 medications. Conclusion: Village doctors’ training and supervision may improve the quality of services and establish accountability for the

  12. “Side effects affected my daily activities a lot”: a qualitative exploration of the impact of contraceptive side effects in Bangladesh

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jain A

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Aparna Jain,1 Laura Reichenbach,1 Iqbal Ehsan,2 Ubaidur Rob2 1Evidence Project, Population Council, Washington, DC, USA; 2Evidence Project, Population Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh Purpose: In a country like Bangladesh that has made great progress in contraceptive use with one of the lowest levels of fertility and highest levels of contraceptive use, understanding what factors influence women’s decisions to discontinue a contraceptive method and not switch to a new method is critical in designing interventions and programs that will help enable Bangladesh to reach its FP2020 goals. Research on side effects has focused on physical manifestations like headaches, moodiness, abdominal pain, and menstrual irregularities. While physical effects alone may stop women from continuing a contraceptive method, less is known about how side effects influence women’s daily activities and lives. The purpose of this study is to understand the ways that side effects affect Bangladeshi women’s participation in different social settings.Methods: Thirty-five in-depth interviews with married women who recently discontinued or switched to a different contraceptive method were conducted in Sylhet and Khulna Divisions. Interviews explored reasons for discontinuation including experience of side effects and impact of side effects on women’s lives.Results: Key themes emerged including that side effects are not only experienced physically but are barriers to women’s participation in many aspects of their lives. The spheres of life that most commonly appeared to be influenced by side effects include religion, household, and sexual intimacy irrespective of method used or residence.Conclusion: Family planning providers need to be aware of these additional consequences associated with contraceptive side effects to provide tailored counseling that recognizes these issues and helps women to mitigate them. For Bangladesh to achieve its FP2020 goals, understanding the

  13. Design, rationale, and baseline demographics of SEARCH I: a prospective cluster-randomized study

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    Albers F

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Frank Albers,1 Asif Shaikh,2 Ahmar Iqbal,31Medical Affairs Respiratory, 2Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Field Based Medicine-Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, CT, USA; 3Respiratory Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USAAbstract: Questionnaires are available to identify patients at risk for several chronic diseases, including COPD, but are infrequently utilized in primary care. COPD is often underdiagnosed, while at the same time the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against spirometric screening for COPD in asymptomatic adults. Use of a symptom-based questionnaire and subsequent handheld spirometric device depending on the answers to the questionnaire is a promising approach to identify patients at risk for COPD. Screening, Evaluating and Assessing Rate CHanges of diagnosing respiratory conditions in primary care 1 (SEARCH I was a prospective cluster-randomized study in 168 US primary care practices evaluating the effect of the COPD-Population Screener (COPD-PS™ questionnaire. The effect of this questionnaire alone or sequentially with the handheld copd-6TM device was evaluated on new diagnoses of COPD and on respiratory diagnostic practice patterns (including referrals for pulmonary function testing, referrals to pulmonologists, new diagnoses of COPD, and new respiratory medication prescriptions. Participating practices entered a total of 9704 consecutive consenting subjects aged ≥ 40 years attending primary care clinics. Study arm results were compared for new COPD diagnosis rates between usual care and (1 COPD-PS plus copd-6 and (2 COPD-PS alone. A cluster-randomization design allowed comparison of the intervention effects at the practice level instead of individuals being the subjects of the intervention. Regional principal investigators controlled the flow of study information to sub-investigators at participating practices to reduce observation bias (Hawthorne effect. The

  14. Pakistan [Population education in countries of the region].

    Science.gov (United States)

    1982-06-01

    The scope of formal population education in Pakistan covers the entire academic system, beginning from the primary level to the university and professional colleges. The government initiated action in 1980 to integrate population education in the formal and nonformal education sectors. General as well as specific behavioral objectives for population education were developed by the National Committee on Population Education. These objectives were further broken down for primary, middle, and lower and higher secondary school levels. The National Committee on Population Education prepared a curriculum for the training of primary, middle, and lower secondary school teachers which was used in training the master trainers. Textbooks in Pakistan were written in 1975 following the concepts and guidelines provided in the new curricula. Curriculum development specialists prepared model lessons on the integration of population education with social studies, Pakistan studies, Urdu, health and physical education, and nursing and general science for the guidance of textbook writers and teachers. The Allama Iqbal Open University has developed a 24-unit course to orientate primary school teachers in the philosophy and content of new curricula provided for in the new education policy of Pakistan. The Population Planning Division of Pakistan and the Family Planning Association of Pakistan periodically develop materials which serve as supplementary readers; an orientation program for teachers began on a limited scale following the inception of population education in Pakistan. Some research and evaluation projects have been undertaken periodically to study the effectiveness of some of the family planning programs. To ensure systematic and comprehensive coverage of population education through the existing formal and nonformal education programs the government is planning to undertake in collaboration with the UN Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA) and other bilateral and

  15. A perspective of leaf rust race fhprn and its impact on leaf rust resistance in pakistani wheat varieties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sohail, Y.

    2015-01-01

    Leaf rust infected leaves of a widely growing variety Seher-06 were collected in wheat season of 2011-12. The leaf rust isolates were assessed on Thatcher derived Lr isogenic lines and a race FHPRN was identified. Seventy six wheat varieties/lines besides Lr isogenic lines were screened against this race for seedling in glass house and for adult plant resistance at Bahawalpur and Faisalabad during 2012-13. Lr1, Lr2a, Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr10+27+31 (Gatcher) and Lr28 were found completely resistant at both stages against FHPRN. Molecular screening of the wheat varieties/lines indicated the presence of leaf rust resistance genes Lr9 (0%), Lr13 (43%), Lr19 (1%), Lr20 (0%), Lr24 (4%), Lr26 (23%), Lr28 (0%), Lr34 (38%), Lr37 (1%) and Lr47 (1%) in them. Field data suggested that As-02 (Lr10+26+34), Bhakar-02 (Lr13) and Shafaq-06 (Lr10+13+27) were resistant; Pasban-90 (Lr10+13+26+27), Chenab-2000 (Lr10+13+26+27+31+34), Fbd-08 (Lr10), Millat-11 (unknown) and Punjab-11 (unknown) were found moderately resistant; Blue silver (Lr13+14a), Pak-81 (Lr10+23+26+31), Bahawalpur-97 (Lr13+26) and Lasani-08 (Lr13+27+31) were susceptible while Sh-88 (unknown), Auqab-2000 (Lr10+23+26+27+31), Iqbal-2000 (Lr3+10+13+26+27+31), Bahawalpur-2000 (Lr34) and Seher-06 (Lr10+27+31) were found highly susceptible against FHPRN. Present and previous studies revealed the presence of Lr3, 10, 13, 14a, 23, 26, 27, 31 and 34 in the Pakistani wheat varieties yet lacking Lr9, 19, 24 and 28. Therefore, the latter genes and their effective combinations should be incorporated in Pakistani varieties to combat leaf rust effectively. (author)

  16. Inter-comparison of the solar UVB, UVA and global radiation clearness and UV indices for Beer Sheva and Neve Zohar (Dead Sea), Israel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kudish, A.I.; Lyubansky, V.; Evseev, E.G.; Ianetz, A.

    2005-01-01

    An inter-comparison of the clearness indices for the solar UVB, UVA and global radiation for Beer Sheva and Neve Zohar (Dead Sea) are presented utilizing radiation data measured from January 1995 through December 2001 for which there is a one-to-one correspondence between the measurements, viz., any day for which a hourly value for one of the sites was missing is rejected and not included in the analysis for that particular radiation type. Beer Sheva is located ca. 65 km to the west and is approximately 700 m above Neve Zohar, which is located on the western shore of the Dead Sea. The Dead Sea is the lowest terrestrial point on the earth, approximately 400 m below mean sea level. The relative magnitudes of the global, UVB and UVA radiation intensities at the two sites can be attributed to the enhanced scattering at the Dead Sea due to the longer optical path length the solar radiation must traverse at the Dead Sea. The degree of attenuation due to scattering phenomena is inversely proportional to the wavelength raised to some power and, consequently, it is greatest for UVB and very small for global radiation. The UVB and UVA solar constants were determined from the extraterrestrial radiation values tabulated by Froehlich and Wehrli [Spectral distribution of solar irradiance from 25000 nm to 250nm, in: M. Iqbal, An introduction to solar radiation, Academic Press, New York, 1981, Appendix C, pp. 380-381]. The clearness indices for global and UVA radiation were of similar magnitude, whereas those for UVB radiation were of two orders of magnitude smaller. In addition, the monthly average hourly UV Index at both sites has also been determined and an inter-comparison of the values has been performed for all available hourly values from January 1995 through August 2002 for both sites. It is observed that the monthly average hourly UV Index values at the Dead Sea are never in the extreme range

  17. Synergistic effect of pH-responsive folate-functionalized poloxamer 407-TPGS-mixed micelles on targeted delivery of anticancer drugs

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    Butt AM

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Adeel Masood Butt, Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin, Haliza Katas Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Background: Doxorubicin (DOX, an anthracycline anticancer antibiotic, is used for treating various types of cancers. However, its use is associated with toxicity to normal cells and development of resistance due to overexpression of drug efflux pumps. Poloxamer 407 (P407 and vitamin E TPGS (d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate, TPGS are widely used polymers as drug delivery carriers and excipients for enhancing the drug retention times and stability. TPGS reduces multidrug resistance, induces apoptosis, and shows selective anticancer activity against tumor cells. Keeping in view the problems, we designed a mixed micelle system encapsulating DOX comprising TPGS for its selective anticancer activity and P407 conjugated with folic acid (FA for folate-mediated receptor targeting to cancer cells. Methods: FA-functionalized P407 was prepared by carbodiimide crosslinker chemistry. P407-TPGS/FA-P407-TPGS-mixed micelles were prepared by thin-film hydration method. Cytotoxicity of blank micelles, DOX, and DOX-loaded micelles was determined by alamarBlue® assay. Results: The size of micelles was less than 200 nm with encapsulation efficiency of 85% and 73% for P407-TPGS and FA-P407-TPGS micelles, respectively. Intracellular trafficking study using nile red-loaded micelles indicated improved drug uptake and perinuclear drug localization. The micelles show minimal toxicity to normal human cell line WRL-68, enhanced cellular uptake of DOX, reduced drug efflux, increased DOX–DNA binding in SKOV3 and DOX-resistant SKOV3 human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, and enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity as compared to free DOX. Conclusion: FA-P407-TPGS-DOX micelles show potential as a targeted nano-drug delivery system for DOX due to their multiple synergistic factors of selective anticancer

  18. Pattern of breast diseases: preliminary report of breast clinic

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Siddiqui, K.; Rasool, I.

    2001-01-01

    Objective: To find out the pattern of breast disease in this part of the county and create public awareness about breast diseases especially cancer. Design: Ac cross sectional and cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Department of Surgery, Jinnah Hospital /Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore from March 1999 to July 2000. Subjects and Methods: All the female patients reported were included in this study. They were diagnosed by history, physical examination and rel event investigations like ultrasonography, mammography, FNAS and biopsy. Appropriate medical and surgical management was carried out. The breast cancer was treated according to TNA staging system by multidisciplinary approach. Method of breast self examination (BSE) was taught with the help of charts and brochures. Results: The age ranged from 10 years to 75 years. Maximum number of patients (30%) was seen between 20-29 years of age while 15 (1%) cases did not suffer from any disease. Among 1485 patients the common conditions were non cyclical mastalgia in 362 (24.37%), fibroadenoma in 289 (19.46%), fibrocystic disease in 276(17.98%) breast abscess in 149 (10%) and breast cancer (6.19%). Other diseases were puberty mastitis 49(3.2%), galactocele 40(2.69%), accessory breast 45(3%) and nipple discharge 28(1.88%). Among the palpable lumps, breast caner accounted for 11.75%. The commonest age of presentation of breast cancer was 5th decade (31%) followed by 4th decade (26%). Majority of cancer patients (45%) presented in stage III. All the women with beast abscesses were lactating. Non cyclical mastalgia was commonly seen in 4th decade (30.66%) while 44.63% patients of fibroadenoma reported in the 2nd decade. Fibrocystic disease was reported between 3rd and 4th decade (62.17%). Conclusion: Commonest being conditions were non cyclical mastalgia followed by fibroadenoma while breast cancer contributed a significant percentage of palpable lumps. Due to effective public awareness

  19. Work, gender roles, and health: neglected mental health issues among female workers in the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Akhter S

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Sadika Akhter,1,2 Shannon Rutherford,1 Feroza Akhter Kumkum,2 David Bromwich,1 Iqbal Anwar,2 Aminur Rahman,2 Cordia Chu1 1Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 2International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh Background: Traditionally, women in Bangladesh stayed at home in their role as daughter, wife, or mother. In the 1980s, economic reforms created a job market for poor, uneducated rural women in the ready-made garment industry, mostly located in urban areas. This increased participation in paid work has changed the gender roles of these women. Women’s earnings support their family, but they are also separated from their children, with impacts on their mental health and well-being. This study explores the lived experience of women in Bangladesh working in the ready-made garment industry as they strive to be mothers and family providers, often in high-stress conditions.Methods: The study was conducted in two industrial areas of Dhaka over 8 months. Data collection included a literature review, 20 in-depth interviews with married female garment workers, and 14 key-informant interviews with officials from the Ministry of Labour and Employment, health-service providers within the garment factories, factory managers, and representatives of the Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association. The data collected were analyzed thematically.Results: Poverty was a key motivating factor for female migrant workers to move from rural areas. Their children stay in their village with their grandparents, because of their mothers’ work conditions and the lack of childcare. The women reported stress, anxiety, restlessness, and thoughts of suicide, due to the double burden of work and separation from their children and family support. Further, they cannot easily access government hospital services due to their long work hours, and the limited medical

  20. Effect of Seed Priming on Growth and Some Physiological Characteristics of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L. under salinity Stress Condition caused by Alkali Salts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    H. Bekhrad

    2016-02-01

    the pot were created by adding NaHCO3, to half strength Hoagland’s solution. Control plants were only irrigated with half strength Hoagland’s solution. Plants were harvested after 45 days of seed sowing. After forty five days, shoot and root height, shoot and root dry weight, relative water content, Fv/Fm, chla, chlb, total chlorophyll, cartonoied content, potassium, sodium content and sodium to potassium, calcium and magnesium content were measured. Results and Discussion Results showed that salinity stress decreased shoot and root height and also shoot dry weight. Valdez-Aguilar and Reed (33 reported a decrease in Phasaeolus vulgaris L. growth with increasing sodium bicarbonate salt. By increasing sodium bicarbonate, salt relative water content decreased. Also, the decreases in relative water content have been reported in wheat under salinity stress caused by alkali condition (15. Salinity stress decreased leaf chlorophyll content and Fv/Fm. Similarly, Guo et al., (16 observed a decrease in leaf chlorophyll content and Fv/Fm with increasing sodium bicarbonate salt. Different treatments of priming increased root height and shoot dry weight compared with unprimed treatment with increasing salinity stress. Iqbal and Ashraf (18 indicated that priming increased growth in wheat under salinity stress caused by alkali condition. Moreover, relative water content, chlb content and Fv/Fm increased under different treatments of priming and stress. It seem that under stress condition, plants with maintain relative water content, chlb content and Fv/Fm, decreased the harmful effect stress. The highest shoot dry weight, relative water content, chlb content and Fv/Fm was observed at hydropriming treatment. Although salinity stress decreased K+ concentration and K+/Na+, but the Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration increased. Zhang and Chun-Sheng (39 concluded that by increasing sodium bicarbonate salt, potassium content decreased in Lathyrus quinquenervius, whereas sodium and sodium

  1. Flurbiprofen–antioxidant mutual prodrugs as safer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: synthesis, pharmacological investigation, and computational molecular modeling

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ashraf Z

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Zaman Ashraf,1,2 Alamgeer,3 Munazza Kanwal,1 Mubashir Hassan,2 Sahar Abdullah,3 Mamuna Waheed,3 Haseeb Ahsan,3 Song Ja Kim2 1Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 2Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan Abstract: Flurbiprofen–antioxidant mutual prodrugs were synthesized to reduce the gastrointestinal (GI effects associated with flurbiprofen. For reducing the GI toxicity, the free carboxylic group (–COOH was temporarily masked by esterification with phenolic –OH of natural antioxidants vanillin, thymol, umbelliferone, and sesamol. The in vitro hydrolysis of synthesized prodrugs showed that they were stable in buffer solution at pH 1.2, indicating their stability in the stomach. The synthesized prodrugs undergo significant hydrolysis in 80% human plasma and thus release free flurbiprofen. The minimum reversion was observed at pH 1.2, ­suggesting that prodrugs are less irritating to the stomach than flurbiprofen. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and ulcerogenic activities of prodrugs were evaluated. All the synthesized prodrugs significantly (P<0.001 reduced the inflammation against carrageenan and egg albumin-induced paw edema at 4 hours of study. The reduction in the size of the inflamed paw showed that most of the compounds inhibited the later phase of inflammation. The prodrug 2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl-2-(2-fluorobiphenyl-4-ylpropanoate (4b showed significant reduction in paw licking with percentage inhibition of 58%. It also exhibited higher analgesic activity, reducing the number of writhes with a percentage of 75%, whereas flurbiprofen showed 69% inhibition. Antipyretic activity was investigated using brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia model, and significant (P<0.001 reduction in rectal temperature was shown by all

  2. Identification and analysis of potential targets in Streptococcus sanguinis using computer aided protein data analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chowdhury MRH

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Md Rabiul Hossain Chowdhury,1 Md IqbalKaiser Bhuiyan,2 Ayan Saha,2 Ivan MHAI Mosleh,2 Sobuj Mondol,2 C M Sabbir Ahmed3 1Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh; 2Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh; 3Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh Purpose: Streptococcus sanguinis is a Gram-positive, facultative aerobic bacterium that is a member of the viridans streptococcus group. It is found in human mouths in dental plaque, which accounts for both dental cavities and bacterial endocarditis, and which entails a mortality rate of 25%. Although a range of remedial mediators have been found to control this organism, the effectiveness of agents such as penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin, was observed. The emphasis of this investigation was on finding substitute and efficient remedial approaches for the total destruction of this bacterium. Materials and methods: In this computational study, various databases and online software were used to ascertain some specific targets of S. sanguinis. Particularly, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases were applied to determine human nonhomologous proteins, as well as the metabolic pathways involved with those proteins. Different software such as Phyre2, CastP, DoGSiteScorer, the Protein Function Predictor server, and STRING were utilized to evaluate the probable active drug binding site with its known function and protein–protein interaction. Results: In this study, among 218 essential proteins of this pathogenic bacterium, 81 nonhomologous proteins were accrued, and 15 proteins that are unique in several metabolic pathways of S. sanguinis were isolated through metabolic pathway analysis. Furthermore, four essentially membrane-bound unique proteins that are involved in distinct metabolic

  3. The Globalization of educational media

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yngve Nordkvelle

    2009-11-01

    might ask if methods described here democratize the video production and establish a standard that might make videos even more tangible in future lifelong learning. The second article, by Rita Jentoft, Associate Professor of University of Tromsø, Norway, presents issues from a study on occupational therapy. Practical skills constitute essential knowledge in occupational therapy. She describes the knowledge students develop in this area as situation- and experience-based, generated from within the situation. She shows how facilitating such knowledge proved to be difficult in a particular program for educating Palestinian Occupational Therapists in Gaza. The use of Educational communication technology (ECT like videoconferences, internet and videos became necessary tools, not only for distribution of a flexible learning programme, but also for developing critical and reflective thinking as student learn the subjects of occupational therapy. Dr. Muhammad Javed Iqbal, assistant professor at the Allama Iqbal Open University in Islamabad, Pakistan presents a paper that deals with the nature of a concept of lifelong education. He suggests that Lifelong education can be provided through informal, formal and non-formal education processes. Hence, lifelong education can be defined as a process of both deliberate and unintentional opportunities influencing learning throughout one’s life span, he claims. He discusses issues around integration, flexibility and diversity related to lifelong education. Appadurai, A. (1996 Modernity at large : cultural dimensions of globalization Minneapolis: University of Minnesota PressKhazaleh, L (2008 Second Life forbedrer First Life?http://www.culcom.uio.no/nyheter/2008/appadurai.html (04.03.09[i] http://internetstatstoday.com/ 04.04.09

  4. Flower-shaped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a novel approach at near-room temperatures with antibacterial and antifungal properties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Khan MF

    2014-02-01

    Full Text Available Mohd Farhan Khan,1,2 M Hameedullah,1 Akhter H Ansari,1 Ejaz Ahmad,3 MB Lohani,2 Rizwan Hasan Khan,3 M Mezbaul Alam,4 Wasi Khan,5 Fohad Mabood Husain,6 Iqbal Ahmad6 1NanoSolver Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; 2Department of Applied Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, India; 3Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; 4Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 5Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials, Department of Applied Physics, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, India; 6Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India Abstract: Due to enormous applications of metal oxide nanoparticles in research and health-related applications, metal oxide nanoparticles are increasingly being developed through cheaper and more user-friendly approaches. We have formulated a simple route to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs by a sol–gel method at near-room temperatures 25°C, 35°C, 55°C, and 75°C. The results are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The effect of different temperature conditions (25°C–75°C on the particulate sizes (23.7–88.8 nm, pH levels (11.7–11.9, and morphologies (slender needle–broad arrow of flower-shaped ZNP colonies is studied. A possible mechanism depicting the growth rates at different temperatures and of different facets, mainly towards the <0 0 0 I> and <0 I Ī0> planes of the ZNPs has also been discussed. The values of λmax (293–298 nm suggest that ZNPs prepared at 55°C are the most effective ultraviolet B absorbers, and that they can be used in sunscreens

  5. Cellular assessment of muscle in COPD: case studies of two males

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Howard J Green

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Howard J Green1, Eric Bombardier1, Margaret E Burnett1, Christine L D’Arsigny2, Sobia Iqbal1, Katherine A Webb2, Jing Ouyang1, Denis E O’Donnell21Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; 2Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, CanadaAbstract: The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the recent developments in muscle physiology and biochemistry in general, and with respect to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD specifically. As a way of illustration, we have presented data on the remodeling that occurs in vastus lateralis in two patients with COPD (COPD #1, forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity [FEV1/FVC] = 63%; COPD #2, FEV1/FVC = 41% exhibiting differences in muscle wasting as compared to healthy controls (CON;FEV1/FVC = 111 ± 2.2%, n = 4. Type I fibers percentages were lower in both COPD #1 (16.7 and COPD #2 (24.9 compared to CON (57.3 ± 5.2. Cross sectional area of the type I fibers of the patients ranged between 65%–68% of CON and for the type II subtypes (IIA, IIAX, IIX between 74% and 89% (COPD #1 and 17%–32% (COPD #2. A lower number of capillary contacts were observed for all fiber types in COPD #1 but not COPD #2. Lower concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP (24%–26% and phosphocreatine (18%–20%, but not lactate occurred in COPD. In contrast to COPD #1, who displayed normal glucose transporter content, GLUT1 and GLUT4 were only 71% and 54%, respectively of CON in COPD #2. Lower monocarboxylate contents were found for MCT1 in both COPD #1 (63% and COPD #2 (41% and for MCT4 (78% in COPD #1. Maximal oxidative enzyme activities (Vmax for COPD #2 ranged between 37% (succinic dehydrogenase and 70% (cytochrome C oxidase of CON. For the cytosolic enzymes, Vmax ranged between 89% (hexokinase to 31% (pyruvate kinase of CON. Depressions were also observed in Vmax of the Na

  6. STUDY ON ROLE OF RADIO FOR RURAL EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nabi Bux JUMANI

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Radio is a mean not only for information and entertainment but also for education. Radio is being used for educational purposes all over the world. In Pakistan it is also a medium of communication. Pakistan broadcasting corporation has started broadcasting educational programs of Allama Iqbal Open University. There is no denying the fact that educational broadcasting in Pakistan is being run successfully. The rural population of the country is getting benefit from the educational programmes of the radio.The main aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of educational radio and its various strategies being applied for rural education. The study was delimited the radio listeners, radio producers/comperes and social workers/opinion leaders. The masters list of listeners was obtained from Radio Station, Hyderabad. The second sample was radio producers/comperes whereas the third sample was social workers/opinion leaders. The tool used in this study was questionnaires. It was found that the majority of the listeners possessed radio sets and was getting benefit from the educational programmes of radio. The programmes were informative and motivating. The strategies of radio for rural education were appreciable because these infused mobility, widened horizon of rural people and focused attention on the goals and problems of rural people. It could be used to enhance literacy (through distance and non-formal education.the producers/comperes were found keenly interested in their job. It was revealed that priority was given to education and rural development programmes of radio. Programmes needed detail and summary at the end. Furthermore language was not easy. Mobile radio station was needed for rural educational programme to cater to the needs of far flung areas. School broadcast (distance and non-formal teaching was the need of the day. Social workers/opinion leaders opined that there was need of developing self reliance. Radio provides guidance

  7. Can mHealth improve access to safe blood for transfusion during obstetric emergency?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rahman A

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Aminur Rahman,1,2 Sadika Akhter,1 Monjura Khatun Nisha,3 Syed Shariful Islam,4 Fatema Ashraf,5 Monjur Rahman,1 Nazneen Begum,6 Mahbub Elahi Chowdhury,1 Anne Austin,7 Iqbal Anwar1 1International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 4Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, 5Department of Gyenaecology and Obstetric, Shaheed Suhrawardi Medical College and Hospital, 6Department of Gyenaecology and Obstetric, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 7JSI Research & Training Institute, Inc., Boston, MA, USA Purpose: Of the 99% maternal deaths that take place in developing countries, one-fourth is due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH. PPH accounts for one-third of all blood transfusions in Bangladesh where the transfusion process is lengthy as most facilities do not have in-house blood bank facilities. In this context, the location where blood is obtained and the processes of obtaining blood products are not standardized, leading to preventable delays in collecting blood, when it is needed. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an online Blood Information Management Application (BIMA system for reducing lag time in the blood transfusion process.Patients and methods: The study was conducted in a public medical college hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and in two proximate, licensed blood banks between January 2014 and March 2015, using a before after design. A total of 310 women (143 before and 177 after, who needed emergency blood transfusion during their perinatal period, as determined by a medical professional, were included in the study. A median linear regression model was employed to assess the adjusted effect of BIMA on transfusion time.Results: After the

  8. Development of highly potent melanogenesis inhibitor by in vitro, in vivo and computational studies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abbas Q

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Qamar Abbas,1 Zaman Ashraf,2 Mubashir Hassan,1 Humaira Nadeem,3 Muhammad Latif,4 Samina Afzal,5 Sung-Yum Seo1 1Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, 3Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan; 4Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 5Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakria University, Multan, Pakistan Abstract: The present work describes the synthesis of few hydroxylated amide derivatives as melanogenesis inhibitors. In vitro, in vivo and computational studies proved that compound 6d is a highly potent melanogenesis inhibitor compared to standard kojic acid. The title amides 4a–e and 6a–e were synthesized following simple reaction routes with excellent yields. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited good mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity, but compound 6d showed excellent activity (IC50 0.15 µM compared to standard kojic acid (IC50 16.69 µM. Lineweaver–Burk plots were used for the determination of kinetic mechanism, and it was found that compounds 4c and 6d showed non-competitive inhibition while 6a and 6b showed mixed-type inhibition. The kinetic mechanism further revealed that compound 6d formed irreversible complex with the target enzyme tyrosinase. The Ki values determined for compounds 4c, 6a, 6b and 6d are 0.188, 0.84, 2.20 and 0.217 µM respectively. Results of human tyrosinase inhibitory activity in A375 human melanoma cells showed that compound 6d exhibited 91.9% inhibitory activity at a concentration of 50 µg/mL. In vivo cytotoxicity evaluation of compound 6d in zebrafish embryos showed that it is non-toxic to zebrafish. Melanin depigmentation assay performed in zebrafish indicated that compound 6d possessed greater potential in decreasing melanin contents

  9. A prospective 3-year follow-up trial of implantation of two trabecular microbypass stents in open-angle glaucoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Donnenfeld ED

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Eric D Donnenfeld,1 Kerry D Solomon,2 Lilit Voskanyan,3 David F Chang,4 Thomas W Samuelson,5 Iqbal Ike K Ahmed,6 L Jay Katz7 1Ophthalmic Consultants of Long Island, Rockville Centre, NY, 2Carolina Eyecare Physicians, Mt Pleasant, SC, USA; 3S.V. Malayan Ophthalmology Centre, Yerevan, Armenia; 4Altos Eye Physicians, Los Altos, CA, 5Minnesota Eye Consultants, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 6University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 7Wills Eye Hospital, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA Purpose: To evaluate 3-year safety and intraocular pressure (IOP following two trabecular microbypass stents in phakic and pseudophakic subjects with open-angle glaucoma (OAG not controlled on preoperative medication. Patients and methods: In this prospective pilot study, phakic or pseudophakic subjects with OAG and IOP between 18 mmHg and 30 mmHg on one preoperative topical ocular hypotensive medication underwent medication washout. Thirty-nine qualified subjects with preoperative unmedicated IOP ≥22 mmHg and ≤38 mmHg received two stents. Postoperative examinations were scheduled at Day 1, Week 1, Months 1, 3, 6, and 12, and semiannually through Month 60. Ocular hypotensive medication was considered if postoperative IOP exceeded 21 mmHg. IOP, medication use, and safety were assessed at each visit. Subject follow-up through Month 36 was completed. Results: Thirty-six eyes (92.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 79.1%, 98.4% achieved the primary efficacy end point of Month 12 reduction in IOP ≥20% from baseline (unmedicated IOP without ocular hypotensive medication. Four subjects required medication during the Month 36 follow-up period. Mean IOP at 36 months for subjects not taking medication was 15.2 mmHg. At 36 months, subjects sustained mean IOP decrease of 9.1±2.7 mmHg (95% CI 8.0 mmHg, 10.14 mmHg, or 37% IOP reduction, from unmedicated baseline IOP. Compared to preoperative medicated IOP, subjects had mean reduction at Month 36 of 5.5±2

  10. Effect of Mobile Phone Text Message Reminders on Routine Immunization Uptake in Pakistan: Randomized Controlled Trial.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kazi, Abdul Momin; Ali, Murtaza; Zubair, Khurram; Kalimuddin, Hussain; Kazi, Abdul Nafey; Iqbal, Saleem Perwaiz; Collet, Jean-Paul; Ali, Syed Asad

    2018-03-07

    reminders in local languages might be feasible for improving routine vaccination coverage. Whether one-way SMS reminders alone can have a strong impact on parental attitudes and behavior for improvement of RI coverage and timeliness needs to be further evaluated by better-powered studies and by comparing different types and content of text messages in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01859546; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01859546 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xFr57AOc). ©Abdul Momin Kazi, Murtaza Ali, Khurram Zubair, Hussain Kalimuddin, Abdul Nafey Kazi, Saleem Perwaiz Iqbal, Jean-Paul Collet, Syed Asad Ali. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (http://publichealth.jmir.org), 07.03.2018.

  11. Prevention of clinically important deteriorations in COPD with umeclidinium/vilanterol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Singh D

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Dave Singh,1 M Reza Maleki-Yazdi,2 Lee Tombs,3 Ahmar Iqbal,4 William A Fahy,5 Ian Naya5 1Medicines Evaluation Unit, University of Manchester, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; 2Division of Respiratory Medicine, Women’s College Hospital, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; 3Precise Approach LTD, London UK; 4Respiratory Medical Franchise, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; 5Respiratory Medicines Development Centre, GSK, Stockley Park, Middlesex, UK Background: Minimizing the risk of disease progression and exacerbations is the key goal of COPD management, as these are well-established indicators of poor COPD prognosis. We developed a novel composite end point assessing three important aspects (lung function, health status, and exacerbations of worsening in COPD. The objective was to determine whether dual bronchodilation with umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI reduces clinically important deteriorations (CIDs in COPD versus placebo or bronchodilator monotherapy.  Methods: This study is a post hoc analysis of two 24-week trials comparing UMEC/VI 62.5/25 µg with UMEC 62.5 µg, VI 25 µg, or placebo (Study A; NCT01313650, or UMEC/VI 62.5/25 µg with tiotropium (TIO 18 µg (Study B; NCT01777334 in patients with symptomatic COPD, without a history of frequent exacerbations. Deterioration was assessed as the time to a first CID, a composite measure defined as a decrease of ≥100 mL in trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second or ≥4-unit increase in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire total score or an on-treatment moderate-to-severe COPD exacerbation.  Results: In Study A, fewer patients experienced a first CID with UMEC/VI (44% versus UMEC (50%, VI (56%, and placebo (75%. The risk of a first CID was reduced with UMEC/VI (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.37 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.30, 0.45], UMEC (HR: 0.46 [95% CI: 0.38, 0.56], and VI (HR: 0.55 [95% CI: 0.45, 0.66]; all P<0.001 versus placebo

  12. The Importance of Nutrition Journal Publication

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Saptawati Bardosono

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The rapid increase of nutrition journal publications indicate on the urgency of the problems in the world of nutrition. Research scientists had published various condition related to nutritional status and determined the cause of this problem. Expanding populations, newly achieved national freedoms, and the urge for a better life in the developing countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, together with food surpluses, enlightened self-interest, and awakened conscience in the more privileged countries of Europe, North America and Oceania have contributed to resurgence of interest in the world of health and nutrition problems.1 Indonesian Nutrition Association (registered as Perhimpunan Nutriti Indonesia, which was founded in 2011, has been continuing visions and misions to continue and develop the work of late Dr. Iqbal Mustafa, MD, PhD, FCCM. He encouraged the evolution of multidisciplinary Critical Care Systems in developing countries to provide benefit for great number of recipients at the lowest affordable cost. His interest in Nutritional Support had become a foundation to INA.2 To continue his legacy, INA has financially support the publishing of Journal Critical Care and Shock, the spreading of research to meet the needs of population. Since 2011, INA has taken an active role in all aspects of education and post-graduate trainings, practices, researches, and publications in nutrition disciplines. It also fosters collaboration among professionals involved in nutrition sciences. The yearly event held by INA, Nutri Symposium, has been running for 12 years. As part of this activity, we gather all participants to submit oral or poster presentation, which will also be published in form of abstracts in proceeding book. The demand from nutrition researchers and scientists to join the Nutri Symposium as a platform to publish their work has encouraged INA to create an International Journal focus on Nutrition, entitled World Nutrition Journal

  13. Systematics of Old World Odontacolus Kieffer s.l. (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae s.l.: parasitoids of spider eggs

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Valerio

    2013-07-01

    . (Madagascar, O. mayri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Indonesia, Thailand, O. mot Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India, O. noyesi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India, Indonesia, O. pintoi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, O. schlingeri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji, O. sharkeyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand, O. veroae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji, O. wallacei Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, Indonesia, Malawi, Papua New Guinea, O. whitfieldi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (China, India, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, O. zborowskii Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Australia, and O. zimi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Madagascar. In addition, all species of Cyphacolus are here transferred to Odontacolus: O. asheri (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Sri Lanka, O. axfordi (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Australia, O. bhowaliensis (Mani & Mukerjee comb. n. (India, O. bouceki (Austin & Iqbal comb. n. (Australia, O. copelandi (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Kenya, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Thailand, O. diazae (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Kenya, O. harteni (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Yemen, Ivory Coast, Paskistan, O. jenningsi (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Australia, O. leblanci (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Guinea, O. lucianae (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Ivory Coast, Madagascar, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, O. normani (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (India, United Arab Emirates, O. sallyae (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Australia, O. tessae (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Australia, O. tullyae (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Australia, O. veniprivus (Priesner comb. n. (Egypt, and O. watshami (Valerio, Masner & Austin comb. n. (Africa, Madagascar. Two species of Odontacolus are transferred to the genus Idris Förster: I. longispinosus (Girault comb. n. and I. amoenus (Kononova comb. n., and O. doddi Austin syn. n. is placed as a junior synonym of O. spinosus (Dodd. Odontacolus markadicus, previously only

  14. From Editor vol 11, No.3

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Greetings Dear readers of TOJDE,TOJDE is appeared on your screen now as Volume 11, Number: 3. In this issue it is published 3 notes for Editor, 12 articles, 2 book reviews. And this time, 32 authors from 10 different countries are placed. These published articles are from Barbados, Ghana, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, UAE and USA.“Developing and Validation A Usability Evaluation Tools For Distance Education Websites:Persian Version” has sent as Notes for editor section of TOJDE from Iran and written by Soheila HAFEZI, Ahmad FARAHI from Payame Noor University and Soheil Najafi MEHRI, Hosein MAHMOODI from Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran.. Their paper involves that he content validity index was measured by set of ten experts, who evaluated each item individually. According to CVI, the final version of instrument was composed of 40 questions divided into 8 domains: Navigation, Functionality, Feedback, Control, Language, Consistency, Error prevention and correction, and Visual clarity. CVI score for each phrase was more than 0.75. According to our findings, this instrument has enough validity to apply in evaluation usability of educational websites of Persian distance education websites. However, instrument reliability can be measured in further study. The second notes for editor is titled as “A Critical Analysis Of Managerial Skills Competencies Of Secondary School Heads Trained Through Distance Mode of Allama Iqbal Open University” which is written by Muhammad AKHLAQ from Preston University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN and SHAZIA MUNAWAR SULEHRI from Ministry of Education, PAKISTAN. They mentioned in their paper to analyze the managerial skills competencies of secondary schools heads trained through distance mode of education in Pakistan. For this purpose a sample 300 secondary school teachers and 100 secondary schools head-teachers trained through distance mode and working in the Federal Government

  15. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2009-04-01

    respectively. Students with logical and physical learning styles have the least academic achievement.“The Use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT to Improve Access In-Service Teacher Education Programmes for Educational Development In Pakistan” is the third paper for “Notes for Editor” section of TOJDE’s this issue. It has written by Melaine PERPETUAL D’CRUZE, from Institute for Educational Development Pakistan. An article points out that the use of ICT and distance education in the delivery of professional development programmers for in-service teachers to improve access to educational opportunities is explored in this article. Further, the link between teacher development and the development of human capital to aid educational and national development is discussed. The role of ICT and distance education is highlighted in enabling this venture which eventually leads to overall educational and national development.The last one for Note for editor titled as “Effectiveness of Distance Education in Teacher Training Program of Allama Iqbal Open University” is third paper for “Notes for Editor” section of TOJDE’s this issue. It has written by Muhammad AKHLAQ from Department of Education Preston University Islamabad Pakistan. This research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of B.Ed programme offered by AIOU. For this purpose B.Ed programme of AIOU is divided into methodology, material, assignments, tutorials, media support, workshop, teaching practice and evaluation. A 38-item questionnaire of s 5 stages (Likert scale was constructed for both teachers and students; the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.987 (Cornbach Alpha. 100 tutors and 300 hundred students from Multan and Bahawalpur regions were considered the sample of the study. The study found that tutors are good at methodology and students verify it. The first two articles are from Turkey which on English language teaching evaluation, applied by Anadolu University. The first

  16. 10th International Seminar on Medical Physics and 1st AMDI International Oncology Symposium

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2017-01-01

    scientific committee. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. Scientific Committee and Reviewers International Naruhiro Matsufuji, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Japan Tom Richards, University College London NHS, United Kingdom Supriyanto Ardjo Pawiro, University of Indonesia Mahbubunnabi Tamal, University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia Malaysia Ahmad Nazlim Yusoff, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Ahmad Taufek Abdul Rahman, Universiti Teknologi MARA Ashrani Aizzuddin Abd Rahni, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Hafiz M Zin, Universiti Sains Malaysia Jeannie Hsiu Ding Wong, University of Malaya M Iqbal Saripan, Universiti Putra Malaysia Mohd Zahri Abd Aziz, Universiti Sains Malaysia Ng Kwan Hoong, University of Malaya Noramaliza Mohd Noor, Universiti Putra Malaysia Rafidah Zainon, Universiti Sains Malaysia Shazril Imran Shaukat, Universiti Sains Malaysia Suhairul Hashim, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Ung Ngie Min, University of Malaya Wan Nordiana Wan Abd Rahman, Universiti Sains Malaysia Yeong Chai Hong, Universiti Malaya Many thanks to all invited speakers, oral presenters and poster presenters for their participation and to the Organising Committee members for all their hard work in making the conference happen. Thanks to all authors who submitted the extended write-up of the work presented at the conference to be included in the volume. The Scientific Committee members and reviewers are also thanked for reviewing the submitted manuscripts and improve the scientific quality of this proceedings. Finally, thanks to all who attended the conference and the sponsors for their financial support. Editor, Proceedings of ISMP and IOS 2016 Hafiz M Zin Universiti Sains Malaysia Host Organisation Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI) of Universiti Sains Malaysia or IPPT (Malay acronym of the Institute) was established with the vision of developing state

  17. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2011-04-01

    University” written by Alperhan BABACAN, Program Director-Juris Doctor Program Graduate School of Business and Law RMIT University, AUSTRALIA. This paper discusses the online Juris Doctor Program (JD Program at RMIT University. The first part of the paper provides a brief overview of the JD Program, the graduate capabilities of the Program and key principles associated with the teaching of law to online postgraduate students. In line with the literature in the area of online teaching and learning, it is argued that online education needs to facilitate deep learning and needs to be based on principles relating to student engagement and active participation.The second part of the paper showcases some of the courses that are taught on an online basis in the JD Program. A blended approach is adapted to the teaching of the advocacy as well as the Negotiation and Dispute Resolution courses. The Contracts Law course adopts a conversational framework to engage online law students. In discussing the online teaching and assessment practices in this course, the paper demonstrates how the teaching and assessment practices in these courses enhance deep learning and graduate skills and attributes essential for law students through premising the activities on principles relating to active learning and deep learning.The Second article is on “An Inquiry in to Benefits of Reflective Practice in Open And Distance Learning”, written by Muhammad ATHAR HUSSAIN, Azhar MEHMOOD and Munazza SULTANA from, PAKISTAN. This paper inquires into benefits of Reflective Practice in Open and Distance Learning in Pakistan. A questionnaire was administered among 40 students doing masters in Education, autumn 2009, at Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. Collected data were analyzed by calculating percentage and Mean scores of each item. An interview was conducted to validate the quantitative data. Findings showed that Reflective Practice helped learner in solving their learning problems and learners were

  18. EDITORIAL: Nanotechnological selection Nanotechnological selection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Demming, Anna

    2013-01-01

    across the channel. The aim of achieving selectivity encompasses a huge range of fields in nanotechnology research, from sensing and medicine to nanoelectronics and self-assembly. As our understanding of how nanosystems behave deepens, so too does the hunger to improve our capabilities, allowing greater precision and control in manipulating these systems. Selectivity is far from trivial when shrinking to systems of nanoscale dimensions, but the range of opportunities it brings just keeps on growing. References [1] Gong X, Li J, Guo C, Xu K and Hui Y 2012 Molecular switch for tuning ions across nanopores by an external electric field Nanotechnology 24 025502 [2] Brannon-Peppas L and Blanchette J O 2004 Nanoparticle and targeted systems for cancer therapy Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev 56 1649-59 [3] Lukianova-Hleb E Y, Hanna E Y, Hafner J H and Lapotko D O 2010 Tunable plasmonic nanobubbles for cell theranostics Nanotechnology 21 085102 [4] Zhang T, Mubeen S, Myung N V and Deshusses M A 2008 Recent progress in carbon nanotube-based gas sensors Nanotechnology 19 332001 [5] Mangu R, Rajaputra S and Singh V P 2011 MWCNT-polymer composites as highly sensitive and selective room temperature gas sensors Nanotechnology 22 215502 [6]Meller A, Nivon L, Brandin E, Golovchenko J and Branton D 2000 Rapid nanopore discrimination between single polynucleotide molecules Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. 97 1079-84 [7] Asghar W, Ilyas A, Deshmukh R R, Sumitsawan S, Timmons R B and Iqbal S M 2011 Pulsed plasma polymerization for controlling shrinkage and surface composition of nanopores Nanotechnology 22 285304

  19. from Editorial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur dEMİRAY

    2011-07-01

    ERTAN, Elif YUCEL, Esen KARA and Lale KARABIYIK, Uludag University, Bursa, TURKEY. In this paper they intended that The effect of intense and fast lifestyle emerged from globalization has also an influence on education. The fourth notes for editor written by Hamid R. KARGOZARI and Hamed GHAEMI from Islamic Azad University, IRAN on “Web-Based Writing Instruction And Enhancing Efl Learners' Writing Quality”. The purpose of the present study is to determine whether Web-based Writing Instruction (WBWI has any influence on the writing quality of Iranian EFL learners. The fifth and the last notes for editor is again from Pakistan, on “Evaluation of New Primary Teachers Orientation Course Project Launched Through Allama Iqbal Open University”, written by Syed Manzoor H. SHAH, Naveed SULTANA and Rehana MASROOR from Allama Iqbal Open university, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. Their study is based on the documentary analysis. All the existing record of the project including different reports, documents etc. were consulted for the purpose. It was concluded that the project achieved its trainee teacher’s targets up to 70% and training of tutors and senior tutors up to 100%. There were some problems and challenges in its implementation including; late release of funds, shifting of targets to next semester and its non continuation by the AIOU.The first article is from NIGERIA, on “Globalization, Information And Communication Technologies (Icts And Open/Distance Learning In Nigeria: Trends, Issues and Solution” written by Akande Joshua OLUSOLA and Sofowora Olaniyi ALABA from Obafemi Awolowo University. The paper identifies a number of issues that impede the effective optimization of ICTs in open and distance learning in developing countries. Prominent among the issues highlighted are poverty, intermittent supply of electricity and language barrier. The paper argues that these problems are to be tackled if the objective of enhancing the potentials of ICTs in open and distance

  20. Reviewer Database

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chief Editor

    2016-06-01

    Haranadha RajaH S JoshiHarsh MahajanHarshal SalveHem SatiHema GogiaHemang ShahHemant PawarHimalaya SinghHimanshu AgarwalH NegandhiJeetendra YadavIndrani GogoiI B SareenIpsa MohapatraIqbal M KhanJ NarainJ P MajraJ S ThakurJ V SinghJabanesh PalasJagannath BeheraJai K ShethJai SinghJaideep KumarVidanapathiranaJ DeshpandeyJayanta DasJayanti SemwalJitendera SinghJitendra BhawalkarJitendra KummarJoy ChakmaJugal KishoreJyoti TiwariK B S GuptaK MallikharjunaK RajasekharanK S NegiKallappa MasaliKamalakanta DasKapil AgrawalKapil YadavKarthik BalajeeKejal Joshi ReddyKhaja AhmedK MuzammilKimcheng ChounKishan K BhatiaKoskei AlfredKrishna JoshiKrishnaveni RKriti Bhat KKriti VaishK BrahmbhattKshitij ChoudharyL SatyanarayanaLakshmi PvmLalita SisodiaLatika Nath SinhaLavanya SelvarajLekshmy PillaiLilabi ShakirLivinus EgwudaLt Col R P SinghM RafiqM S A AhmedM SinghMadhavi BhargavaMahender SinghMaj JawaidMalik ItratMamta ChoudharyMandar SadawarteManeesh KumarManish ChaturvediManish GehaniManoj BansalManoj GuptaManu BatraManvi SagarMarie MajellaMary LeeMd Abu BasharMd AlamMd PialMd S BasandraMeenal ThakareMegha LuthraMigom DoleyM BhattacharyaMilind SomkuwarMisnaniartiH Mohammed MerzahMohin SakreMohini PhanseMonica AggarwalMonica KakkarMukhmohit SinghM TambeMuthu KumarN ArlapaNabil Al RabeeiNajam KhaliqueNandini SharmaNaresh SinghNavin AngadiNavneet SandhuNavuluri K ReddyNeerajNeha ChananaNidhi BhatnagarNidhi GuptaNidhi PrasadNikhil GovilN SardeshpandeNimila MathewsNiraj PanditNirankar SinghNitin DhupdaleNiveditha CO Prakash KansalOmair WaniPadmavati MajhiPallabi GuptaPallavi BoroPallavi PotdarPankaj BhardwajPankaj JainPankaj MishraParabjyot KaurParag KumarParnava DasParul SehgalParul SharmaParvathy PPavana BelagaviPawan GoelPawan KumarPawan ParasharPeeyush KariwalPoonam BPoorna C ReddyP AggarwalP ChoudharyPradeep KasarPragya SinhaPramod GuptaPrasad BogamPrasant SabothPrashant HowalPratima GuptaPraveen SaharyaPravin SPreeti PaddaPunit VarmaPunyatoya BejPurva JoshiR SharmaRabindra SinhaRachana A

  1. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2009-01-01

    the following years of its emergence. However, with the rise of its limitations, the idea of bringing face-to-face learning and e-learning together to complete each other has occurred. Blended learning is a method emerged as a result of this sentiment. For this purpose, a survey was carried out at Hacettepe University, Education Faculty, and Biology Education Section. For the research, blended learning was implemented within the frame of Special Teaching Methods course. 20 students who attended to the course constituted the working group. A multiple-choice test of 54 questions was prepared to get students’ opinions and applied to them at the end of the semester. While analyzing the responses of students who had high success level was more favorable, it was observed that the frequency of participation to the forum pages did not affect the students’ answers. “Evaluation of Course Tutor’s Performance Through Open Distance Learning In Pakistan: Perception of the students” is third paper for “Notes for Editor” section of TOJDE’s this issue. It has written by Sheikh Tariq MAHMOOD, Azhar MAHMOOD and Allah Bakhsh MALIK from International Islamic University, Pakistan. This research deals with the evaluation of course tutor's performance appointed by the Allama Iqbal Open University, at Master of Education level. The study was delimited to the students enrolled during semesters, spring 2006 to spring 2007 in Rawalpindi region. The sample of the study consisted of 63 students of Rawalpindi district. A five-point Likert rating scale was administered to collect the views about the selected parameters of course tutor's performance. Results showed that tutors’ performed better regarding students’ guidance and providing instructions in first tutorial meeting. The last one for Note for Editor from Turkey’s new University. Its name is Bilecik University. We are publishing the first time an article from this university. Article entitled as Students’ Attitudes

  2. Selected Abstracts of the 3rd Edition of Transport of High Risk Infants; Oxford (UK; August 31st-September 2nd, 2017

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    --- Various Authors

    2017-08-01

    PEUTIC HYPOTHERMIA ON TRANSPORTA­TION: A SINGLE CENTRE CANADIAN EX­PERIENCE • H. Zein, S. Thomas, K. Yusuf, S. Vayalthrikovil, R. Paul, S. Dossani, K. Kapores, K. Pearson-Mitchell, K. MohammadABS 13. USE OF TECOTHERM NEO TO MAINTAIN NORMOTHERMIA IN EXTREME PRETERM INFANTS DURING TRANSPORT AS A QUALI­TY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT • I. Fierens, P. Rusinga, L. Kelly, A. Iqbal, N. RatnavelABS 14. CARDIOPULMONARY POINT-OF-CARE ULTRA­SOUND (POCUS IN THE NEONATAL TRANS­PORTATION • W. Durlak, M. Jagła, K. Starzec, A. Grudzień, T. Tomasik, P. Błoński, P. KwintaABS 15. OUR EXPERIENCE IN NEONATAL AND PE­DIATRIC TRANSPORT HIGH FIDELITY SIMU­LA­TION SCENARIOS • N. Torre, N. Millan, C. Alejandre, D. Vila, A. Olego, M.P. Larrosa, J.M. Quintilla, E. EstebanABS 16. AN EVALUATION OF THE PRE-TRANSFER STABILISATION OF PRETERM INFANTS FOLLOWING PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS LIGATION BY THE LONDON NEONATAL TRANSFER SERVICE • C. Warrick, J. Ragasan, P. Rusinga, F. BarkerABS 17. THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE TRANSPORT TEAM IN UPPSALA, SWEDEN: A DESCRIP­TION OF WORKING METHODS FROM A REGISTERED NURSE PERSPECTIVE • A. Backström, S. FäldtABS 18. PARTICIPANTS’ EXPERIENCE IN NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC TRANSPORT HIGH FIDELITY SIMULATION COURSE • N. Torre, N. Millan, C. Alejandre, D. Vila, A. Olego, M.P. Larrosa, J.M. Quintillá, E. EstebanABS 19. SPECIFIC TRAINING ON NEONATAL TRANS­PORT: THE SEM-PEDIATRIC VALL D’HEBRON COURSE • A. Gallardo, T. Esclapés, O. Rodríguez, L.L. Subirana, M.M. Pardo, R. Jordán, E. Castellarnau, P. DomínguezABS 20. A TAILORED INHALED NITRIC OXIDE (iNO THERAPY DEVICE IN CASES OF LOW ANNUAL USE IN NEONATAL EMERGENCY TRANSPORT • C. Bellini, L.A. RamenghiABS 21. TELEMEDICINE: A CHRISTCHURCH EXPE­RI­ENCE • A. JacksonABS 22. PROVISION OF NASAL HIGH-FLOW THERAPY (HFT USING VAPOTHERM® DEVICE FOR NON-INVASIVE RESPIRATORY SUPPORT DURING NEONATAL TRANSPORT • H. Ambulkar, A. Verma, J. Khanna, J. Mutch, A. Nichols, S. PattnayakABS 23. DESIGN OF A CHILD FRIENDLY PEDIATRIC

  3. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2013-07-01

    research designs, Natural Inquiry Approach was preferred. In this study, one of the purposeful sampling methods, criterion sampling was used was held in a private school connected to National Education Directorate of Eskisehir in 2008-2009 academic year spring term. Webfolios prepared by students, assignments given by the teacher, and other digital data available in webfolio system were used as data collection tools. When student webfolios were examined concerning their quality, most webfolios prepared by the students were found to be qualified enough in terms of readability, authenticity, timeliness, and the use of media sources. However, most of the student webfolios do not have a systematic design. The assignments given by the teacher was determined to be readable, clear, and has no misspelling. It was also observed by them that the teacher urged students to deliver their webfolios in time, suggested the use of class book and the Internet. Students, in their webfolios, preferred using text, picture and tables, but did not prefer to use video sources. The 8th article is titled as “SWOT ANALYSIS OF MA EDUCATIONAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME OF ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD” written by Dr. S. Manzoor Hussain SHAH and uazzam Ali SAQIB from Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan. Their major objectives of the study were to explore various internal aspects of the MA Educational Planning and Management (EPM programme of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU, Islamabad to find its strengths and weaknesses, and to look into external aspects for identifying the opportunities and threats to the programme. Based on the study, a number of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were found which provided a basis for reviewing and revising a number of components of the programme. The study explored the various aspects of MA EPM programme of AIOU in the light of programme objectives as well as the national and international needs with special

  4. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2010-04-01

    Education”, written by Rehana MASRUR. She is Dean Faculty of Education Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. The purpose of her study reported here investigated the impact of web based resource material practices on MPhil, Teacher Education course of Allama Iqbal Open University A sample of 68 students was selected and the study concluded that integration of IT in teaching-learning increased the understanding of subject related knowledge. ASSESSING THE ATTITUDES OF DISTANCE LEARNERS TOWARD THE USE OF ICT IN EDUCATION”, send by Rugayah HASHIM, Hashim AHMAD and Che Zainab ABDULLAH, from the Faculty of Administrative Science & Policy Studies, Institute of Education Development, University Technology Mara (UiTM, MALAYSIA. The objective of this study is to assess the attitudes of distance education students toward the use of ICT in learning and teaching. The sample and units of analysis were 500 adult students undertaking distance education studies at the Institute of Education Development (InED, UiTM. The variables studied were computer anxiety, confidence, liking and, usefulness. The findings of the study showed that even in this K-economy, there are still some students who are uncomfortable with using ICT, that is, the students do not favor the use of ICT through InED’s learning management system. The findings are important to gauge the students’ performance as well as to modify and strengthen InED’s policy for using ICT and other technologies to impart knowledge and education. The eight article is again came from Turkey. This article is on The Effects of Scenario Based Blended Learning Environment on Attitudes of Preservice Technologies Teachers Toward Teaching Profession, written by Serap SAMSA, Halil Ibrahim AKYUZ, Hafize KESER and Gülcan NUMANOĞLU from the Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ankara University, Turkey. The purpose of this study was to define the effects of experiences that

  5. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2012-04-01

    Distance Learning System: Barriers to the Use of AIOU Libraries by Tutors and Students” which is written by Abdul Jabbar BHATTI and Nabi BUX JUMANI, International Islamic University Islamabad from Pakistan. This study explores; the library needs of students and tutors of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU, utilization level of the library facilities and resources, the problems in the use of library, and suggestions for improvement of library facilities for students and tutors. “Designing And Implementing A Situated Learning Program And Determining Its Impact On The Students’ Motivation And Learning ” is the 3rd paper for “Notes for Editor” section in this issue. It has written by Fakhrozaman N. HOSSAINY, Hossein ZARE, Mahmud HORMOZI and Mohamad H. KAVEH from, Shiraz, Iran. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of situated learning on students' school motivation and achievement.The 4th notes for editor titled “Social Relation Networks In Ut-Online Community Forum” written by Mohammad Imam FARISI, from Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia. This study examines and explains the contents of relation, social ties and structures of social relation networks in UT-Online Community Forum. The results of the study are important to the distance education institutions for building sense of community to DE students.The 5th notes for editor written by Tichaona MAPOLISA, from Zimbabwe Open Univesity, on “Provision of Research Support Services To ODL learners by Tutors: A Focus on the Zimbabwe Open University’s Bachelor of Education (Educational Management Research Students’ Supervision Experiences”. The study examined the ODL learners’ perceptions of the quality of provision of research support services to the ODL learners by tutors. It focused on the Zimbabwe Open University’s (ZOU Bachelor of Education (Educational Management research students’ experiences.The 6th article is from Iran again titled “The Effect of Virtual Versus Traditional

  6. 2017 International Conference on Space Science and Communication

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-05-01

    credit for all the time for the successful run of the conference. We also wish to express our appreciation to all speakers and authors whose papers and presentations make the event a very exciting forum to add values to learn, discussion and exchanges of ideas, and to meet old or new people from different countries and interact with them. We would also like to express our sincerest gratitude to our sponsors: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) for making this conference more valuable. Wayan Suparta The Editor Proceeding Editor Wayan Suparta Mahamod Ismail Mardina Abdullah Member of Editor Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud Mohd Shahrul Mohd Nadzir Mandeep Singh Jit Singh Zamri Zainal Abidin Sabirin Abdullah Teh Wai Leong Md Firoz Khan Tariqul Islam Siti Aminah Bahari Noridawaty Mat Daud Papers Astrophysics and Astronomy Surface charging of a crater near lunar terminator A K Anuar Limiting magnitudes and night sky brightness at the Langkawi National Observatory based on observations of standard stars C-C Ngeow and S-C Luo Limb flares measurement from Langkawi National Observatory on 5th January 2016 F Kamarudin, MR Tahar, N R Saibaka Comparison of relative sunspot numbers measured in Malaysia with international sunspot number calculated by SIDC-SILSO N Rasmani, N S A Hamid, F Kamarudin, W M A W M Kamil and I Sarudin Atmospheric and Magnetospheric Sciences An analysis of heat wave trends using heat index in East Malaysia W Suparta and A N M Yatim A short review on the effects of aerosols on visibility impairment M E Emetere and M L Akinyemi Atmospheric configurations of aerosols loading and retention over Bolgatanga-Ghana M E Emetere, S E Sanni and P Tunji-Olayen Altering rainfall patterns through aerosol dispersion M E Emetere, M Bakeko, L Onyechekwa and W Ayara Satellite observation analysis of aerosols loading effect over Monrovia-Liberia M E Emetere, F Esisio and F Oladapo Effect of aerosols loading and retention on surface

  7. 2017 International Conference on Space Science and Communication

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2017-01-01

    credit for all the time for the successful run of the conference. We also wish to express our appreciation to all speakers and authors whose papers and presentations make the event a very exciting forum to add values to learn, discussion and exchanges of ideas, and to meet old or new people from different countries and interact with them. We would also like to express our sincerest gratitude to our sponsors: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC) for making this conference more valuable. Wayan Suparta The Editor Proceeding Editor Wayan Suparta Mahamod Ismail Mardina Abdullah Member of Editor Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud Mohd Shahrul Mohd Nadzir Mandeep Singh Jit Singh Zamri Zainal Abidin Sabirin Abdullah Teh Wai Leong Md Firoz Khan Tariqul Islam Siti Aminah Bahari Noridawaty Mat Daud Papers Astrophysics and Astronomy Surface charging of a crater near lunar terminator A K Anuar Limiting magnitudes and night sky brightness at the Langkawi National Observatory based on observations of standard stars C-C Ngeow and S-C Luo Limb flares measurement from Langkawi National Observatory on 5th January 2016 F Kamarudin, MR Tahar, N R Saibaka Comparison of relative sunspot numbers measured in Malaysia with international sunspot number calculated by SIDC-SILSO N Rasmani, N S A Hamid, F Kamarudin, W M A W M Kamil and I Sarudin Atmospheric and Magnetospheric Sciences An analysis of heat wave trends using heat index in East Malaysia W Suparta and A N M Yatim A short review on the effects of aerosols on visibility impairment M E Emetere and M L Akinyemi Atmospheric configurations of aerosols loading and retention over Bolgatanga-Ghana M E Emetere, S E Sanni and P Tunji-Olayen Altering rainfall patterns through aerosol dispersion M E Emetere, M Bakeko, L Onyechekwa and W Ayara Satellite observation analysis of aerosols loading effect over Monrovia-Liberia M E Emetere, F Esisio and F Oladapo Effect of aerosols loading and retention on surface

  8. editorial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2008-07-01

    University of Sri Lanka, SRI LANKA. Their paper investigates the reasons for low completion rates in the faculty and suggests ways and means to overcome this problem. The study concludes that increasing student numbers will not necessarily increase percentage of students completing the programme though the number of students completing is increased. It is found that students offering courses for the first time in the system of distance education in their academic career perform poorer because they are not conversant with distance education techniques. It is recommended that the Faculty must offer an orientation programme on distance education to all the students enrolling for the first time, before they commence their regular programmes. The seventh article is came from Turkey on “An Online Social Constructivist Tool: A Secondary School Experience In The Developing World”, written by Ayse KOK. She mentioned in her paper that with the rapid advances in technology, several online learning tools come onto the stage. Being an online learning delivery tool to support a full range of teaching and learning activities conducted by educational institutions Moodle facilitates online content creation and collaboration by entailing various social and communication tools that support teacher-student, student-student, and teacher-teacher interactions. This paper presents the "Moodling"(Moodle, 2005 experience within a secondary school in a developing country, namely Turkey. Based on a focus discussion group with the foreign language teachers, the author depicts the critical points that need to be taken into consideration so that an effective collaborative online platform for both teachers and students to learn together can exist The 8th article is arrived to us from again Pakistan. The article which is entitled “Suitability of AIOU Television And Its Impact on Students’ Achievements”, which is written by Syed Abdul SIRAJ, Department of Mass Communication of Allama Iqbal Open

  9. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2009-10-01

    students. The great challenge is to draw up a quality indicators framework which can represent an instrument for teachers on how to organize their online course – including ways of developing the teaching methods. The 9th article is arrived to us from Tuırkey again and written by Binnur GENC ILTER on Effect Of Technology On Motivation In Efl Classrooms. The study concludes that technology was a dynamic and challenging motivating factor in EFL classrooms and there may be some suggestions focusing on the achievement of learning objectives.Next and the tenth article are written Rasit OZEN, Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Education Department of Educational Sciences, BOLU, TURKEY. The paper is entitled as “Investigating the Opinions of Mone Staff about Inset Programs via Distance Education”. He presents that to investigate the opinions of the Ministry of National Education (MoNE staff about in-service training (INSET programs via distance education. During the study, the qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews held with the (MoNE staff by the researcher. The results of the interviews revealed the importance of needs assessment, the relationship between INSET program course content and participants’ school curriculum, support mechanism in INSET programs via distance education, the application of what is learned and providing various opportunities to them that lead to their active involvement to the application of these programs, the characteristics of learning environments for these programs, INSET instructors’ teaching competencies and skills to fulfill various roles in online learning environments, of measuring and evaluating the performance of teachers during INSET programs via distance education and of the effectiveness of INSET programs via distance education. The eleventh article arrived from Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, PAKISTAN, which is titled as “Study on Role of Radio For Rural Education In Pakistan

  10. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur demiray

    2008-04-01

    technology and the amount of time available to them for online course design affected the quality of online courses. Collaborative learning is well suited to online learning environments built around threaded discussion. Research frameworks have developed around these practices providing methodological guidance for examining learning as a collective endeavor within the boundaries of a course. Understanding how to use the powerful learning techniques involved in collaborative learning in an online context is imperative. The major concerns are centering on the following questions: What is Collaboration? Why choose collaboration as a strategy? What collaboration tools are commonly used online? This paper will also examine the techniques used to facilitate good collaboration and the proper implementation of collaborative online discussions. The focus is based on the importance of collaboration in online instructions mentioned in the fifth article came from Philippines and written by Aldwin G. LAURON titled as Fostering collaboration to enhance Online instruction The sixth article which is entitled as “Perceptions Of Course Coordinators and Course Writers For Developing Distance Learning Material”, sent and written by Muhammad IMRAN YOUSUF, Muhammad Nadeem ANWAR and Muhammad SARWAR from University of Sargodha, PAKISTAN. Their paper attempt to research is to better understand and draw perceptions of course writers and course coordinators towards the process of developing distance learning material. For developing good self-instructional material cooperative efforts among course development personnel are essential. The study indicates the areas where contradiction is found among perceptions of a sample of seventy course coordinators and seventy course writes of Allama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan through a self developed questionnaire covering preparation, implementation and execution aspects of course development process. The seventh article is came from Ethiopia on

  11. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2007-10-01

    Distance Education In Pakistan”. The presented study was undertaken to highlight the gender disparities of Pakistan as well as at regional and international level. The study, measured the comparative outcome of formal and non-formal system of education in Pakistan. To achieve the desired goal, documentary analysis was considered appropriate. The number of schools and enrollment during the years 2001 to 2004 of the formal system for primary, middle and high level was considered and enrollment during the year 198-1999 and 2004 for Secondary School Certificate to Ph.D level of non-formal system was considered. Data was analyzed in term of percentage and average. It was found that enrollment of female is less than male in formal system while enrollment of female is higher than male in non-formal system of education in Pakistan. Next article is which numbered as 12, from again PAKISTAN.USA. Article is entitled as “A Study Of Student’s Attitude Towards Distance Teacher Education Programme In Pakistan”, written by Aijaz Ahmed GUJJAR, Lecturer, Federal College of Education, Muhammad Akhlaque Trained Under Graduate Teacher Federal Government Secondary School and Muhammad Rashid HAFEEZ Lecturer, Federal College of Education, Islamabad & Doctoral Scholar Department of English Bahauddin Zakariya University. The presented study was undertaken to measure the attitude of the students towards teacher training programmes through Distance Education offered by Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU, Islamabad, Pakistan. To achieve the said end, the descriptive method of research was considered appropriate. The population of the study consisted of the B. Ed. Students of AIOU. Three hundred students from the Sahiwal region were selected as sample for the study. Questionnaire was used as a Research tool to gather the relevant data. Data was analysed in terms of percentage and mean score. It was found that majority of the students appreciated the overall input of the programme though a few

  12. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2008-01-01

    -learning is significant breakthrough in teaching and learning. Internet or web technologies are important because they facilitate and enhance communications among instructors and learners and provide tools to encourage creativity and initiative. If internet-based learning environments are to benefit students, then it is important from the student’s perspective that they are not seen as overly complex and hard to use is mentioned in the fifth article came from IRAN and written by Masoud REZAEI, Hamid Movahed MOHAMMADI, Ali ASADI and Khalil KALANTARY titled as Predicting E-Learning Application In Agricultural Higher Education Using Technology Acceptance Model. The sixth article which is entitled as “Comparative Study Of Student Support Services of Aiou And Ukou”, writer by Amtul Hafeez CHOUDHRY, Aijaz Ahmed GUJJAR, Muhammad Rashid HAFEEZ from PAKISTAN”. Their paper attempt to compare the availability, quality, similarities and differences of student support services in Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU and United Kingdom Open University (UKOU and also to identify and enlist the deficiencies that AIOU students are facing in the student support services. The study found out that student support services of AIOU are quantitatively developing rapidly on the lines of UKOU. Though the regional campuses of both the institutions have almost the same status in the provision of student support service yet the UKOU students have better services in the guidance and counseling, modern communication facilities and career guidance. Moreover, there also exists Open University student association in UKOU. The conclusions led to the recommendation that AIOU regional campuses may be made independent like UKOU, counseling and guidance cell might be established at every regional campus, modern communication facilities like toll free, auto answer may be provided at AIOU regional campuses. The seventh article is came NIGERIA, on “OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING: An Emerging System for

  13. Using of Marketing Communication for Distance Education Institutions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Ayhan YILMAZ

    2005-04-01

    mega-universities in the world today and their enrolment figures clearly show they have provided increased access to higher education. Table: 1Mega-Universities of the World. Here is another list of all the mega-universities in the world. (Visited 3 rd , March, 2005,http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/m/me/mega_university.htm Allama Iqbal University, Pakistan Anadolu University, Turkey, Athabasca University, Athabacsa , Canada Bangladesh Open University, Bangladesh China Central Radio and TV University, City College of San Francisco, United States Fern University, (FernUniversität, Germany, Indira Gandhi National Open University, India Indonesian Open Learning University (Universitas Terbuka, Indonesia Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Mexico Korea National Open University, South Korea National Distance Learning Center (Centre National d'Enseignement à Distance - CNED, France National Distance Learning University (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia – UNED, Spain Open University, United Kingdom Payame Noor University, Iran Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University, Thailand Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico University of Maryland University Colleg, United States University of Phoenix, United States University of South Africa, South Africa . CHANGING ENVIRONMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATIONIn the last 20 years, with the advancement in technology, independent study has become more accessible for distance education students. Modern communication technologies can easily link educational institutions to homes, work-sites, and community centers, and made adult education and lifelong learning matters of national policy (Nasseh, 1997 Distance education is used in a variety of settings and for a broad range of purposes. Universities use it to increase the number of students who have access to higher education; companies use it to upgrade their workers' skills and keep them abreast of rapidly advancing technologies

  14. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2011-10-01

    University (Bou At A Digital Environment‖ written by Sabina YEASMIN, from Bangladesh Open University, BANGLADESH and CRK MURTHY, from Indira Gandhi National Open University, INDIA. This study collects data from tutors, distance educators, writers and reviewers and finally develops a framework for revising the OS SLMs at a digital environment. The fifth article is from PAKISTAN which is entitled as ―Issues And Problems In Distance Education‖ written by Nadia RASHID, from Department of Business Administration, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad and Muhammad RASHID, from Faculty of Education and Dean Doctoral Program, Preston University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. This article provides decision makers with some trends that affect distance education and thus enable them to plan accordingly. The issues and problems are organized into categories as they pertain to students and enrollment, faculty members, academics, technology, the economy, and distance education. All such issues and problems were identified during an extensive review of current literature in the field. The sixth article is from MALAYSIA, on ―Weblogs For English Language Learning: Students‘ Perceptions‖ written by Juida WAN, Limkokwing University of Creative Technology and Bee Hoon TAN, Department of English, Faculty of Modern Languages and Communication, Universiti Putra MALAYSIA. This study investigated how students perceived the use of weblogs for English language learning. A questionnaire which was made up of both close-ended and open-ended questions was administered at the end of the study. A mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyse the students‘ responses to the questionnaire. The study found that students were aware of their audience when they blogged and that they geared their writing towards their audience. In addition, they also interacted with others through the use of the comment feature on their weblogs. Furthermore, the majority of the students enjoyed

  15. From the Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2013-10-01

    about change and teach students how to handle change. The 9h article is from Pakistan and titled as “PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS THROUGH DISTANCE LEARNING: An Empirical Study on Students’ Perception of Teacher Education Program Provided by AIOU Pakistan” and written by Lecturer Mohammad NADEEM, Associate Prof. Dr. Akhtar ALI and Lecturer Saira MAQBOOL, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, PAKISTAN. The purpose of the current study was to analyse the pre service teachers training programs for the distance learners of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU Islamabad, Pakistan. This kind of training is provided to the future teachers enrolled to acquire pre service training to become a teacher in a Government educational institution in Pakistan. The data was collected by administering a 45 items agree disagree four points Likert type scale to the subjects mainly through the scheduled meetings during the workshops. The independent sample t-test, and one way ANOVA along with mean difference was worked out for the data set. A group of 490 student teachers were randomly selected from the regions of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Rahimyarkhan, Multan, and D.G.Khan Districts (Southern Punjab. The planning for training is made timely but lacking physical facilities remains dominant in trainings. Although training plays an important role in students learning yet it is considered just a routine activity which made it a useless exercise. Similarly, findings reveal that co-curricular activities and child psychology are those aspects which ignored in the training. Future studies may be aimed at comparing the training system of teachers with teacher training through other channels of formal system of governments. The 10th article from Bangeldesh which is written by Associate Professor Sharker Md. NUMAN , Assistant Professor Md. Anwarul ISLAM and Associate Professor Md. Anwarul ISLAM , Associate Professor A K M Azad SHAH School of Agriculture and Rural Development Bangladesh Open University

  16. From Editor

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ugur Demiray

    2013-10-01

    about change and teach students how to handle change. The 9h article is from Pakistan and titled as “PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS THROUGH DISTANCE LEARNING: An Empirical Study on Students’ Perception of Teacher Education Program Provided by AIOU Pakistan” and written by Lecturer Mohammad NADEEM, Associate Prof. Dr. Akhtar ALI and Lecturer Saira MAQBOOL, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, PAKISTAN. The purpose of the current study was to analyse the pre service teachers training programs for the distance learners of Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU Islamabad, Pakistan. This kind of training is provided to the future teachers enrolled to acquire pre service training to become a teacher in a Government educational institution in Pakistan. The data was collected by administering a 45 items agree disagree four points Likert type scale to the subjects mainly through the scheduled meetings during the workshops. The independent sample t-test, and one way ANOVA along with mean difference was worked out for the data set.. A group of 490 student teachers were randomly selected from the regions of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Rahimyarkhan, Multan, and D.G.Khan Districts (Southern Punjab. The planning for training is made timely but lacking physical facilities remains dominant in trainings. Although training plays an important role in students learning yet it is considered just a routine activity which made it a useless exercise. Similarly, findings reveal that co-curricular activities and child psychology are those aspects which ignored in the training. Future studies may be aimed at comparing the training system of teachers with teacher training through other channels of formal system of governments. The 10th article from Bangeldesh which is written by Associate Professor Sharker Md. NUMAN , Assistant Professor Md. Anwarul ISLAM and Associate Professor Md. Anwarul ISLAM , Associate Professor A K M Azad SHAH School of Agriculture and Rural Development Bangladesh Open

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