Radioprotection: mechanism and radioprotective agents including honeybee venom

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varanda, E.A.; Tavares, D.C.

1998-01-01

Since 1949, a great deal of research has been carried on the radioprotective action of chemical substances. These substances have shown to reduce mortality when administered to animals prior to exposure to a lethal dose of radiation. This fact is of considerable importance since it permits reduction of radiation-induced damage and provides prophylactic treatment for the damaging effects produced by radiotherapy. The following radioprotection mechanisms were proposed: free radical scavenger, repair by hydrogen donation to target molecules formation of mixed disulfides, delay of cellular division and induction of hypoxia in the tissues. Radioprotective agents have been divided into four major groups: the thiol compounds, other sulfur compounds, pharmacological agents (anesthetic drugs, analgesics, tranquilizers, etc.) and other radioprotective agents (WR-1065, WR-2721, vitamins C and E, glutathione, etc.). Several studies revealed the radioprotective action of Apis mellifera honeybee venom as well as that of its components mellitin and histamine. Radioprotective activity of bee venom involves mainly the stimulation of the hematopoietic system. In addition, release of histamine and reduction in oxygen tension also contribute to the radioprotective action of bee venom. (author)

Chemical radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siegel, G.

1979-01-01

A reivew of the problems and progress in the field of chemical radioprotection is given. After defining the field of research, the practical significance of radioprotective substances and the requirements for a utilizable radioprotective preparation are presented. Trends of development of this field of research, the state of the art, and resulting conclusions for the future development of radioprotective substances of practical value are discussed. (author)

Note from the radioprotection group's shipping service

CERN Multimedia

2006-01-01

Le service SHIPPING du groupe de radioprotection souhaite vous rappeler qu'avant toute expédition de matériel susceptible d'être radioactif, une demande de transport doit être établie par EDH en cochant la case appropriée (danger radioactif). Merci de bien vouloir prendre note des informations figurant dans le site Web: http://cern.ch/service-rp-shipping Toute demande non conforme ne sera pas prise en compte. Radioactive Shipping Service http://cern.ch/service-rp-shippingTél: 73171Fax: 69200

Webzzle : paradoxal confort du confinement.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marc Dumont

2007-06-01

Full Text Available La plupart des agences de « news » technologiques viennent de se faire l’écho du développement de Webzzle , un nouveau moteur de recherche dit « collaboratif ». Ce cas est tout à fait intéressant parce qu’il permet de pointer rapidement quelques grands enjeux du Web 2 que risquent souvent de dissimuler la jungle sémantique et l’enthousiasme qui l’entourent. Pour quelles raisons ? Rappelons d’abord les deux principales perspectives ouvertes par cette nouvelle ...

Le système d’information sur la biodiversité de l’administration des parcs nationaux argentins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonidas Lizarraga

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Introduction Le système d’information sur la biodiversité (SIB, Sistema de Información de Biodiversidad de l’administration des parcs nationaux argentins (APN, Administración de Parques Nacionales a été lancé en 2002, avec le soutien du Global Environment Fund (GEF dans le cadre du Projet de préservation de la biodiversité mené par l’État argentin. Le dispositif, abrégé en SIB-APN, est composé d’un ensemble de bases de données thématiques et d’un système d’information géographique : son ob...

Radio-protection problems presented by iodine isotopes in nuclear fuel chemical treatment plants (1962); Les problemes de radioprotection poses par les isotopes de l'iode dans les installations de traitement chimique des combustibles (1962)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouzigues, H; Scheidhauer, J; Messainguiral, L [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre de Production de Plutonium, Marcoule (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1962-07-01

The origin of radio-iodine and the conditions in which it is liberated are given. The authors review the question of the risks associated with the presence of this radioelement In the atmosphere. Finally a method is proposed for the trapping and rapid measuring of the iodine in the vapour form, applicable to radioprotection. (authors) [French] L'origine et les conditions de liberation du radioiode sont exposees. Les auteurs font le point de la question des risques associes a la presence de ce radioelement dans l'atmosphere. Enfin, une methode de piegeage et de mesure rapide de l'iode a l'etat de vapeur applicable a la radioprotection, est proposee. (auteurs)

7. national congress of radioprotection - SFRP 2009; 7. congres national de radioprotection - SFRP 2009

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aurengo, A.; Lecomte, J.F.; Averbeck, D.; Makovicka, L.; Barescut, J.C.; Maubert, H.; Benderitter, M.; Menechal, Ph.; Biau, A.; Menetrier, F.; Briand-Champlong, J.; Metivier, H.; Cherin, A.; Paquet, F.; Decobert, V.; Radecki, J.J.; Devin, P.; Roy, C.; Fracas, P.; Schneider, Th.; Italia, J.; Souques, M.; Lagroye, I.; Tamponnet, Ch.; Laurent, G.; Vidal, J.P.; Aubert, B.; Piqueras, P.; Cervera, J.; Vial, Th.; Mear, R.; Visseaux, H.; Patrix, N.; Bourguignon, M.; Acker, A.; Sabatier, L.; Abela, G.; Andrieux, J.L.; Bernard, H.; Vicaud, A.; De Bruyne, T.; Valero, M.; Godet, J.L.; Lebaron-Jacobs, L.; Renaud, P.; Bordy, J.M.; Leuraud, K.; Arranz, L.; Lochard, J.; Vaillant, L.; Droesch, P.; Coenen, S.; Michiels, J.; Pepin, S.; Poffijn, A.; Wertelaers, A.; Schrauben, M.; Pires, N.; Matouk, F.; Wall, B.; Hart, D.; Mol, H.; Lecluyse, A.; Aroua, A.; Trueb, P.; Griebel, J.; Nekolla, E.; Gron, P.; Waltenburg, H.; Beauvais-March, H.; Scanff, P.; Pirard, P.; Sinno-Tellier, S.; Shannoun, F.; Brugmans, M.; Meeuwsen, E.; Stoop, P.; Olerud, H.; Borretzen, I.; Leitz, W.; Marconato, M.; Magnier, F.; Rehel, J.L.; Etard, C.; Ducou Le Pointe, H.; Bouette, A.; Fourrier, P.; Lisbona, A.; Tirmarche, M.; Metz-Flamant, C.; Samson, E.; Caer-Lorho, S.; Giraud, J.M.; Acker, A.; Laurier, D.; Laurent, O.; Rogel, A.; Joly, K.; Hubert, D.; Riedel, A.; Garcier, Y.; Amabile, J.C.; Leuraud, K.; Vacquier, B.; Caer, S.; Griffiths, N.; Van der Meeren, A.; Fritsch, P.; Abram, M.C.; Bernaudin, J.F.; Poncy, J.L.; Chevillard, S.; Cesarini, J.P.; Bertho, J.M.; Louiba, S.; Tourlonias, E.; Faure, M.C.; Stefani, J.; Siffert, B.; Paquet, F.; Dublineau, I.; Adam, C.; Alonzo, F.; Bonzom, J.M.; Gagnaire, B.; Gilbin, R.; Garnier-Laplace, J.; Denoziere, M.; Lecerf, N.; Leroy, E.; Daures, J.; Bordy, J.M.; Clairand, I.; Debroas, J.; Denoziere, M.; Donadille, L.; D' Errico, F.; Gouriou, J.; Itie, C.; Struelens, L.; Broggio, D.; Borissov, N.; Janeczko, J.; Lamart, S.; Blanchardon, E.; Molokanov, A. [and others

2009-07-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during this conference. Sixty six presentations out of 68 are assembled in the document. The conference is organized in 11 sessions dealing with: 1 - radioprotection regulations and standards; 2 - radioprotection of patients; 3 - radiation effects on man and ecosystems; 4 - advances in dosimetry and metrology; occupational radioprotection (2 sessions); 5 - radioprotection of populations and ecosystems (2 sessions); 6 - radioprotection in incident, accident and post-accident situations; 7 - radioprotection and society

Radioprotective shield - an adequate radioprotective device for routine stomatological radiodiagnosis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wiltschke, F [Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Univ., Greifswald (German Democratic Republic); Taschner, P; Koenig, W; Menzel, B [Staatliches Amt fuer Atomsicherheit und Strahlenschutz, Berlin (German Democratic Republic)

1975-01-01

Starting from the shortcomings of the radioprotective devices at present used in routine stomatological radiodiagnosis, the authors describe the advantages of a radioprotective shield which has been produced in the Greifswald University Stomatological Clinic. On the basis of dosimetric studies, the National Board for Nuclear Safety and Radiological Protection of the GDR (Staatliches Amt fuer Atomsicherheit und Strahlenschutz der DDR) could demonstrate the suitability of this shield as a radioprotective device for routine stomatological radiodiagnosis.

Heavy Ion Acceleration at J-PARC

Science.gov (United States)

SATO, Susumu

2018-02-01

J-PARC, the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, is an accelerator, which provides a high-intensity proton beam. Recently as a very attractive project, the acceleration of heavy ions produced by supplementary ion sources, called J-PARC-HI, is seriously contemplated by domestic as well as international communities. The planned facility would accelerate heavy ions up to U92+ with a beam energy 20 AGeV ( of 6.2 AGeV). The highlight of the J-PARC-HI project is its very high beam rate up to 1011 Hz, which will enable the study of very rare events. Taking advantage of this high intensity, J-PARC-HI will carry out frontier studies of new and rare observables in this energy region: (i) nuclear medium modification of chiral property of vector mesons through low-mass di-lepton signal, (ii) QCD critical pointcharacterization through event-by-event fluctuation signals of particle production, (iii) systematic measurements related to the equation of state through collective flow signal or two-particle momentum correlation signal, or (iv) the search of hyper nuclei with multi strangeness including or exceeding S = 3. The current plan of J-PARC-HI aims to carrying out the first experimental measurements in 2025.

The birth of the J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagamiya, Shoji

2008-01-01

The J-PARC Project started in 2001 as a joint project between two organizations, JAEA and KEK. This article describes a) an early history on how people struggled to construct high-intensity proton accelerators, b) a creation of a joint effort between JAEA and KEK, and c) the birth of the J-PARC. (author)

Kaon decay experiments at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nanjo, Hajime

2015-01-01

Three kaon-decay experiments, E14 (KOTO), E36, and E06 (TREK), are being performed or planned in the Hadron Experimental Facility of J-PARC. The J-PARC accelerator provides 30-GeV intense proton beam with a slow-extraction method, which is one of the key points to achieve the physics goals for the experiments. In this article, the features of the kaon decay as a tool to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model are explained. The J-PARC accelerator and the Hadron Experimental Facility are briefly described. The three kaon-decay experiments are introduced, all of which are sensitive to the new physics beyond the Standard Model. (author)

Radioprotection problems resulting from the presence of experimental devices around an atomic reactor; Problemes de radioprotection poses par l'implantation de dispositifs experimentaux aupres d'une pile atomique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fitoussi, L; Lebouleux, Ph; Bricard, Ph; Moreau, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

consequences. Ce rapport classe les differents types d'experience necessitant des installations exterieures au bloc pile et souligne pour chacune de ces experiences les particularites remarquables sur le plan de la radioprotection. Pour permettre l'etude des risques radioactifs de l'experience projetee, les auteurs resument les donnees physiques et techniques necessaires aux specialistes de la radioprotection et presentent les regles et recommandations generales de radioprotection a considerer lors de l'etude du projet d'un dispositif experimental et de son installation en pile. (auteurs)

Benchmarking of FA2D/PARCS Code Package

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grgic, D.; Jecmenica, R.; Pevec, D.

2006-01-01

FA2D/PARCS code package is used at Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER), University of Zagreb, for static and dynamic reactor core analyses. It consists of two codes: FA2D and PARCS. FA2D is a multigroup two dimensional transport theory code for burn-up calculations based on collision probability method, developed at FER. It generates homogenised cross sections both of single pins and entire fuel assemblies. PARCS is an advanced nodal code developed at Purdue University for US NRC and it is based on neutron diffusion theory for three dimensional whole core static and dynamic calculations. It is modified at FER to enable internal 3D depletion calculation and usage of neutron cross section data in a format produced by FA2D and interface codes. The FA2D/PARCS code system has been validated on NPP Krsko operational data (Cycles 1 and 21). As we intend to use this code package for development of IRIS reactor loading patterns the first logical step was to validate the FA2D/PARCS code package on a set of IRIS benchmarks, starting from simple unit fuel cell, via fuel assembly, to full core benchmark. The IRIS 17x17 fuel with erbium burnable absorber was used in last full core benchmark. The results of modelling the IRIS full core benchmark using FA2D/PARCS code package have been compared with reference data showing the adequacy of FA2D/PARCS code package model for IRIS reactor core design.(author)

The development and assessment of TRACE/PARCS model for Lungmen ABWR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lin, Hao-Tzu, E-mail: htlin@iner.gov.tw [Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, R.O.C., 1000, Wenhua Road, Jiaan Village, Longtan Township, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan, ROC (China); Wang, Jong-Rong, E-mail: jrwang@iner.gov.tw [Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, R.O.C., 1000, Wenhua Road, Jiaan Village, Longtan Township, Taoyuan County, 32546, Taiwan, ROC (China); Chen, Hsiung-Chih, E-mail: km8385@gmail.com [Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan, ROC (China); Shih, Chunkuan, E-mail: ckshih@ess.nthu.edu.tw [Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan, ROC (China)

2014-07-01

Highlights: • The development of a TRACE/PARCS model of Lungmen (ABWR). • Thermal-hydraulics model of TRACE is coupling with 3-D neutronics model of PARCS. • The 3-D geometry vessel component of TRACE is used in this study. • The parameters responses of Lungmen TRACE/PARCS model are consistent with FSAR data. - Abstract: This study consists of two steps. The first step is the development of a TRACE (TRAC/RELAP Advanced Computational Engine)/PARCS (Purdue Advanced Reactor Core Simulator) model of Lungmen nuclear power plant (NPP) which includes the vessel, reactor internal pumps (RIPs), main steam lines, and important control systems (such as the feedwater control system, steam bypass and pressure control system, and recirculation flow control system), etc. Key parameters were identified to refine the TRACE/PARCS model further in the frame of a steady state analysis. The second step is the performance of Lungmen NPP TRACE/PARCS model transient analyses. The transient data of Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) chapter 15th were used to compare with the results of Lungmen NPP TRACE/PARCS model. The trends of TRACE/PARCS analysis results were consistent with the FSAR data. It indicated that there was a respectable accuracy in the Lungmen NPP TRACE/PARCS model and it also depicted that the Lungmen NPP TRACE/PARCS model was satisfying for the purpose of Lungmen NPP safety analyses.

Systematic in J-PARC/Hyper-K

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Minamino, Akihiro

2015-01-01

The Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) detector is a next generation underground water Chrenkov detector. The J-PARC to Hyper-K experiment has good potential for precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters and discovery reach for CP violation in the lepton sector. With a total exposure of 10 years to a neutrino beam produced by the 750 kW J-PARC proton synchrotron, it is expected that the CP phase δ can be determined to better than 18 degree for all possible values of δ if sin 2 2θ 13 > 0.03 and the mass hierarchy is known. Control of systematic uncertainties is critical to make maximum use of the Hyper-K potential. Based on learning from T2K experience, a strategy to reduce systematic uncertainties in J-PARC/Hyper-K are developed

7. national congress of radioprotection - SFRP 2009

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aurengo, A.; Lecomte, J.F.; Averbeck, D.; Makovicka, L.; Barescut, J.C.; Maubert, H.; Benderitter, M.; Menechal, Ph.; Biau, A.; Menetrier, F.; Briand-Champlong, J.; Metivier, H.; Cherin, A.; Paquet, F.; Decobert, V.; Radecki, J.J.; Devin, P.; Roy, C.; Fracas, P.; Schneider, Th.; Italia, J.; Souques, M.; Lagroye, I.; Tamponnet, Ch.; Laurent, G.; Vidal, J.P.; Aubert, B.; Piqueras, P.; Cervera, J.; Vial, Th.; Mear, R.; Visseaux, H.; Patrix, N.; Bourguignon, M.; Acker, A.; Sabatier, L.; Abela, G.; Andrieux, J.L.; Bernard, H.; Vicaud, A.; De Bruyne, T.; Valero, M.; Godet, J.L.; Lebaron-Jacobs, L.; Renaud, P.; Bordy, J.M.; Leuraud, K.; Arranz, L.; Lochard, J.; Vaillant, L.; Droesch, P.; Coenen, S.; Michiels, J.; Pepin, S.; Poffijn, A.; Wertelaers, A.; Schrauben, M.; Pires, N.; Matouk, F.; Wall, B.; Hart, D.; Mol, H.; Lecluyse, A.; Aroua, A.; Trueb, P.; Griebel, J.; Nekolla, E.; Gron, P.; Waltenburg, H.; Beauvais-March, H.; Scanff, P.; Pirard, P.; Sinno-Tellier, S.; Shannoun, F.; Brugmans, M.; Meeuwsen, E.; Stoop, P.; Olerud, H.; Borretzen, I.; Leitz, W.; Marconato, M.; Magnier, F.; Rehel, J.L.; Etard, C.; Ducou Le Pointe, H.; Bouette, A.; Fourrier, P.; Lisbona, A.; Tirmarche, M.; Metz-Flamant, C.; Samson, E.; Caer-Lorho, S.; Giraud, J.M.; Acker, A.; Laurier, D.; Laurent, O.; Rogel, A.; Joly, K.; Hubert, D.; Riedel, A.; Garcier, Y.; Amabile, J.C.; Leuraud, K.; Vacquier, B.; Caer, S.; Griffiths, N.; Van der Meeren, A.; Fritsch, P.; Abram, M.C.; Bernaudin, J.F.; Poncy, J.L.; Chevillard, S.; Cesarini, J.P.; Bertho, J.M.; Louiba, S.; Tourlonias, E.; Faure, M.C.; Stefani, J.; Siffert, B.; Paquet, F.; Dublineau, I.; Adam, C.; Alonzo, F.; Bonzom, J.M.; Gagnaire, B.; Gilbin, R.; Garnier-Laplace, J.; Denoziere, M.; Lecerf, N.; Leroy, E.; Daures, J.; Bordy, J.M.; Clairand, I.; Debroas, J.; Denoziere, M.; Donadille, L.; D'Errico, F.; Gouriou, J.; Itie, C.; Struelens, L.; Broggio, D.; Borissov, N.; Janeczko, J.; Lamart, S.; Blanchardon, E.; Molokanov, A.; Yatsenko, V.; Franck, D.; Rannou, A.; Kockerols, P.; Bickel, M.; De Bruyne, G.; Fessler, A.; McCourt, J.; Lefaure, C.; Godet, J.L.; Bouchet, F.; Ecault, A.; Lacoeuille, F.; Cahouet-Vannier, A.

2009-01-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during this conference. Sixty six presentations out of 68 are assembled in the document. The conference is organized in 11 sessions dealing with: 1 - radioprotection regulations and standards; 2 - radioprotection of patients; 3 - radiation effects on man and ecosystems; 4 - advances in dosimetry and metrology; occupational radioprotection (2 sessions); 5 - radioprotection of populations and ecosystems (2 sessions); 6 - radioprotection in incident, accident and post-accident situations; 7 - radioprotection and society

TRACE/PARCS modelling of rips trip transients for Lungmen ABWR

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chang, C. Y. [Inst. of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing-Hua Univ., No.101, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan (China); Lin, H. T.; Wang, J. R. [Inst. of Nuclear Energy Research, No. 1000, Wenhua Rd., Longtan Township, Taoyuan County 32546, Taiwan (China); Shih, C. [Inst. of Nuclear Engineering and Science, Dept. of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing-Hua Univ., No.101, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan (China)

2012-07-01

The objectives of this study are to examine the performances of the steady-state results calculated by the Lungmen TRACE/PARCS model compared to SIMULATE-3 code, as well as to use the analytical results of the final safety analysis report (FSAR) to benchmark the Lungmen TRACE/PARCS model. In this study, three power generation methods in TRACE were utilized to analyze the three reactor internal pumps (RIPs) trip transient for the purpose of validating the TRACE/PARCS model. In general, the comparisons show that the transient responses of key system parameters agree well with the FSAR results, including core power, core inlet flow, reactivity, etc. Further studies will be performed in the future using Lungmen TRACE/PARCS model. After the commercial operation of Lungmen nuclear power plant, TRACE/PARCS model will be verified. (authors)

Radioprotective properties of some heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds against spectral modifications in hemoglobin of x-irradiated mice; Proprietes radioprotectrices de certains composes heterocycliques azotes sur les modifications spectrales de l'hemoglobine de souris irradiee

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Roushdy, H; Pierotti, T; Polverelli, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

Imidazole and benzimidazole are known for their radioprotective action. In this work, authors have studied the radioprotective action of these compounds on visible and ultra-violet hemoglobin absorption spectra obtained from mice after in vivo X-irradiation. Results compared to those obtained with cysteamine show: 1- a possible pharmacological action of the heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds on the {alpha} and {beta} bands (540 and 580 m{mu}). 2 - a significative variation of the ratio of the optical densities (580/540) after irradiation with hemoglobin of non and radio-protected mice. However, following a real drop of absorption maxima, the twenty-fifth day after irradiation, normal optical densities of each band are found again. A physico-chemical study would be necessary to understand the hemoglobin transformation after irradiation and perhaps, its possible radioprotection. (authors) [French] Les proprietes radioprotectrices de l'imidazole et du benzimidazole etant deja connues, les auteurs ont etudie l'action de ces produits sur les spectres d'absorption de l'hemoglobine dans le visible et le proche ultra-violet apres une irradiation in vivo de souris a dose letale. L'action de ces produits comparee a celle de la cysteamine utilisee dans les memes conditions a permis de constater: 1- l'action pharmacologique probable des heterocycles azotes sur les bandes {alpha} et {beta} situees a 540 et 580 m{mu}; 2 - qu'avec et sans radioprotecteurs, les modifications spectrales se traduisaient par des variations du rapport d'intensite d'absorption existant entre les bandes a 540 et 580 m{mu}. Toutefois, apres une chute des maxima d'absorption, ceux-ci retournent aux valeurs normales le vingt-cinquieme jour apres irradiation. Une etude physicochimique complementaire de l'hemoglobine permettrait de definir la nature exacte du changement apres irradiation et peut-etre son eventuelle radioprotection. (auteurs)

Affiches d’Angers ou moniteur du département de Maine-et-Loire

OpenAIRE

2006-01-01

numéro 28 Du quartidi ventôse de l’an II de la République française, une et indivisible, et de l’ère vulgaire, le samedi 22 février 1794. (page 1)Profession de foi du citoyen Obrumier, membre du comité de surveillance & révolutionnaire. « J’ai 51 ans depuis plus de 30 ans je gémis de porter les noms de deux imbécilles que la sotte superstition de nos peres regardoit comme des êtres dont l’apothéose étoit bien méritée. Je renonce au premier, Louis, non seulement parce qu’il ne fut qu’un ben...

The ViewPoint radioprotection supervision workstation; Poste de supervision radioprotection viewpoint

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gaultier, E. [APVL Ingenierie- 6, bd Nobel - Equatop La Rabelais - 37540 Saint Cyr sur Loire (France)

2009-07-01

The author briefly presents the ViewPoint supervision global solution which incorporates audio and video advanced technologies to manage radioprotection operational measurements. Data can be transmitted by-wire or wireless. It can integrate a large number of radioprotection measurement instruments, such as a belt for the monitoring of physiological parameters (body temperature, breathing rhythm, body posture)

Development and validation of a cross-section interface for PARCS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stalek, Mathias; Demaziere, Christophe

2008-01-01

This paper deals with the development of a cross-section interface for PARCS and its validation. The interface is used to feed PARCS with material constants for Light Water Reactors. These material constants are obtained from a CASMO-4 library file and the SIMULATE-3 code is then used to read this library file. This interface allows a dependency of the material constants on exposure and on instantaneous and history variables. Since the functionalization of the cross-sections in CASMO-4/SIMULATE-3 is different from the one in PARCS, the conversion of the material data from the CASMO-4/SIMULATE-3 formalism to the PARCS formalism is not trivial. As a first check of the proper conversion of the data by the interface, the cross-section files created by the interface were read by PARCS. The data were thereafter edited for all possible burnup, instantaneous and history parameters and compared to the original data used to create the files. After this successful verification, a benchmark between PARCS and plant measured data was carried out. For this benchmark a number of measurement sets from the Swedish Ringhals-3 pressurized water reactor were obtained. These data were measured during different cycles and at different core exposures. The spatial distribution of the instantaneous variables, the history variables and the exposure were calculated by SIMULATE-3 and used by PARCS to retrieve the actual three-dimensional distribution of the material data. The deviation of the effective multiplication factor k eff from criticality was found to be within ±200 pcm. Both the measured axial and radial power profiles were adequately reproduced by the PARCS simulations, although some discrepancies with plant data need to be further investigated

Tracing the development of contemporary park-city relationships : Parc de La Villette and Parc André Citroën (paper + presentation)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Van der Velde, J.R.T.

2012-01-01

Since the late post--?war period the relationship between park and city has significantly altered. Parks established between 1980 and 2000 in Paris --? in particular Parc de La Villette and Parc André Citroën – exemplify developments in park design and the park--?city relationship in this period and

Radioprotection and training

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nolibe, D [Institut National des Sciences et Techniques Nucleaires (INSTN), Centre d` Etudes de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France); Zackova, H

1994-12-31

In a country where 75% of its electric power production is nuclear-based and where the health industry is making more and more use of ionizing radiation, Radioprotection education in France is necessarily characterized by a wide diversity in the trainings delivered and a significant increase in the number of actors providing these training programs. From the isolated worker using an industrial gammagraphy device to the thousands of persons working in major nuclear installations, it is estimated that more than 100,000 workers are exposed to ionizing radiation. Due to the seriousness of the pathological consequences resulting from overexposure to ionizing radiation, the volume of population concerned ant the media impact generated by the problem, one of the basic requirements formulated at the very early stages of the legislation is the obligation of informing workers of the hazards of exposure and the preventive measures to be taken. Employers are legally required to inform their personnel of the risks taken when handling equipment generating ionizing radiation of when using radio-nuclides. This obligation translates concretely by the need for the employer to name a qualified Radioprotection Department. The Qualified Officer or the Radioprotection Department are responsible for, among other tasks, ensuring training of workers. Two training orientations can be distinguished, each having different goals: - the first consists in training a body of highly-skilled Radioprotection professionals or managers (Qualified Officers), - the second consists in training all workers having any contact with ionizing radiation; each person should be capable of ensuring his own Radioprotection regardless of the presence of Qualified Officers. (authors).

Radioprotection and training

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nolibe, D.; Zackova, H.

1994-01-01

In a country where 75% of its electric power production is nuclear-based and where the health industry is making more and more use of ionizing radiation, Radioprotection education in France is necessarily characterized by a wide diversity in the trainings delivered and a significant increase in the number of actors providing these training programs. From the isolated worker using an industrial gammagraphy device to the thousands of persons working in major nuclear installations, it is estimated that more than 100,000 workers are exposed to ionizing radiation. Due to the seriousness of the pathological consequences resulting from overexposure to ionizing radiation, the volume of population concerned ant the media impact generated by the problem, one of the basic requirements formulated at the very early stages of the legislation is the obligation of informing workers of the hazards of exposure and the preventive measures to be taken. Employers are legally required to inform their personnel of the risks taken when handling equipment generating ionizing radiation of when using radio-nuclides. This obligation translates concretely by the need for the employer to name a qualified Radioprotection Department. The Qualified Officer or the Radioprotection Department are responsible for, among other tasks, ensuring training of workers. Two training orientations can be distinguished, each having different goals: - the first consists in training a body of highly-skilled Radioprotection professionals or managers (Qualified Officers), - the second consists in training all workers having any contact with ionizing radiation; each person should be capable of ensuring his own Radioprotection regardless of the presence of Qualified Officers. (authors)

Radio-protection and decontamination operations on the central vibrating channels of the reactor G 3; Radioprotection et operations de decontamination sur le couloir vibrant central de la pile G.3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chassany, J Ph; Cohendy, G; Rodier, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre de Production de Plutonium, Marcoule (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

The dose rate in the vibrating channels room of the discharge system, which is due to the contamination of one of the channels by a ruptured can after clad failure was high. It was necessary to intervene in order that normal maintenance could be carried out on this equipment. The operation was carried out from a neighbouring room using cleaning tubes, and then directly, after numerous precautions had been taken. Radio-protection was made very difficult because of the irradiation and of the powdery state of the contamination. The average individual integrated dose for the 122 persons having taken part in this 2-month operation was 362 mrem. Thanks to the close collaboration between the operational, emergency and radio-protection personnel, this operation was executed smoothly and rapidly. (authors) [French] Le debit de dose dans la salle des couloirs vibrants du systeme de dechargement, provenant de la contamination de l'un d'entre eux par une cartouche a rupture de gaine etait important. Une intervention a ete necessaire pour permettre l'entretien normal de ce materiel. Elle s'est faite d'abord a partir d'une salle voisine, en utilisant des tuyaux de lavage, puis directement, moyennant de nombreuses precautions. La radioprotection a ete rendue tres difficile a cause de l'irradiation et de la forme particulierement pulverulente de la contamination. La dose individuelle moyenne integree par les 122 agents ayant participe a cette operation qui a dure 2 mois, a ete de 362 mrem. C'est grace a la collaboration etroite de l'exploitation, de l'intervention et de la radioprotection qu'elle a pu se derouler aussi rapidement dans de bonnes conditions. (auteurs)

OSIRIS reactor radioprotection, radioprotection measurements performed during the power rise and the first 50 megawatt operation; Radioprotection de la pile OSIRIS, mesures de radioprotection effectuees au cours de la montee en puissance et des premiers fonctionnements a 50 megawatts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fanton, B; Lebouleux, P

1967-12-01

The authors supply the results of the measurements that have been made near the Osiris reactor during the power increase and during the first functioning at 50 megawatts. The measurements relate to the absorbed dose rates in the premises, the water activation and the atmospheric contamination. The influence of the heat layer of water movements and the water rate in the core chimney on the absorbed dose rate at the footbridge level overhanging the pile core has been studied. The modifications to the protection devices that have been proposed after the measurements and the effect of these modifications on the results of the measures are given then. The regeneration process of a water purification chain has been examined from the radiation protection point of view. It has been possible to make some twenty radionuclides obvious in the produced effluents and to determine the volume activity of these effluents for each radionuclide. The whole of results show that in a general way, the irradiation levels are low during the usual reactor functioning. [French] Les auteurs fournissent les resultats des mesures de radioprotection oui ont ete effectuees aupres de la pile Osiris pendant la montee en puissance et au cours des premiers fonctionnements a 50 megawatts. Les mesures portent sur les debits de dose absorbee dans les locaux, l'activation de l'eau et la contamination atmospherique. L'influence de la couche chaude des mouvements d'eau et du debit d'eau dans la cheminee du coeur sur le debit de dose absorbee au niveau de la passerelle surplombant le coeur de la pile, a ete etudiee. Les modifications aux dispositifs de protection, qui ont ete proposees a la suite des mesures, et l'effet de ces modifications sur les resultats des mesures sont indiques ensuite. Le processus de regeneration d'une chaine d'epuration de l'eau a ete examine sous l'angle de la radioprotection. Il a ete possible de mettre en evidence une vingtaine de radionucleides dans les effluents produits et de

(Intersubjectification des connecteurs : le cas de car et parce que

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liesbeth Degand

2008-01-01

Full Text Available In the paradigm of French causal conjunctions, car and parce que make quite an odd pair. While both of them can be translated by «because», their use in Spoken vs Written French is very different: they roughly have the same frequency in written corpora, but parce que is by far more frequent in the spoken language than in written texts, whereas car is almost absent from Spoken French. Besides, previous studies have shown that, while car is quite stable semantically, parce que is very different in Written and Spoken French. Is it possible to explain these differences? The goal of this paper is to find answers to this question in the diachrony of French. A detailed corpus study of car and parce que in Medieval French enables us to make assumptions about their subsequent evolution. Our hypothesis is that the grammaticalization of parce que was accompanied by a process of subjectification and that it ended up replacing car in the spoken language, but has not yet done so in Written French.

Radioprotection in Brazilian universities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caballero, K.C.; Borges, J.C.

1992-01-01

The purpose of this work was to obtain a broad knowledge of the circumstances under which activities involving ionizing radiations are held at brazilian academic institutions. Around 90 institutions (universities and isolated schools of both public and private sectors) were invited, by mail, to answer an inquiry with questions from technical to legal aspects of their activities with radiations. Information received from 2/3 of institutions contacted, permitted conclusions as: there is a wide ignorance about radioprotection procedures and legislation, although few universities maintain some efficient radioprotection staff; there is a need for the establishment of a standard radioprotection text dedicated to those specific activities of the sector. (author)

World heritage site - Bien du Patrimoine Mondial - Kluane/Wrangell-St. Elias/Glacier Bay/Tatshenshini-Alsek

Science.gov (United States)

Labay, Keith A.; Wilson, Frederic H.

2004-01-01

The four parks depicted on this map make up a single World Heritage Site that covers 24.3 million acres. Together, they comprise the largest internationally protected land-based ecosystem on the planet. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) established the World Heritage Program in 1972 for the identification and protection of the world?s irreplaceable natural and cultural resources. World Heritage Sites are important as storehouses of memory and evolution, as anchors for sustainable tourism and community, and as laboratories for the study and understanding of the earth and culture. This World Heritage Site protects the prominent mountain ranges of Kluane, Wrangell, Saint Elias, and Chugach. It includes many of the tallest peaks on the continent, the world's largest non-polar icefield, extensive glaciers, vital watersheds, and expanses of dramatic wilderness. [Les quatre parcs figurant sur cette carte ne constituent qu?un seul site du patrimoine mondial recouvrant plus de 99 millions de km2, ce qui en fait le plus grand ecosysteme terrestre protege par loi internationale. En 1972, L?UNESCO (l?organisation des Nations Unies pour les sciences, l'education et la culture) a etabli le programme du patrimoine mondial afin d?identifier et de proteger les ressources naturelles et culturelles irremplacables de notre plan?te. Si les sites du patrimoine mondial sont si importants c'est parce qu'ils representent a la fois des livres ouverts sur l?histoire de la Terre, le point de depart du tourisme durable et du developpement des collectivites, des laboratoires pour etudier et comprendre la nature et la culture. Ce site du patrimoine mondial assure la protection des chaines de montagnes de Kluane, Wrangell, Saint Elias, et Chugach. On y trouve plusieurs des plus hauts sommets du continent, le plus grand champ de glace non-polaire du monde, d?immenses glaciers, des bassins hydrologiques essentiels, et de la nature sauvage a perte de vue.

Les dimensions religieuses de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen de 1789

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucien Scubla

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Les droits et les dieux n’étaient pas autrefois des choses différentes.G. Vico, Origine de la poésie et du droit, p. 172. Tremblez ennemis de la France,Rois ivres de sang et d’orgueil.Le peuple souverain s’avance :Tyrans descendez au cercueil.Le chant du départ. La Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen du 26 août 1789 est un texte à la fois très bref et très dense. Il est bref parce qu’il a été conçu pour être saisi, comme le Décalogue, d’un seul coup d’œil. Mais sa concision même l...

Serum PARC/CCL-18 concentrations and health outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Sin, Don D; Miller, Bruce E; Duvoix, Annelyse; Man, S F Paul; Zhang, Xuekui; Silverman, Edwin K; Connett, John E; Anthonisen, Nicholas A; Wise, Robert A; Tashkin, Donald; Celli, Bartolome R; Edwards, Lisa D; Locantore, Nicholas; Macnee, William; Tal-Singer, Ruth; Lomas, David A

2011-05-01

There are no accepted blood-based biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC/CCL-18) is a lung-predominant inflammatory protein that is found in serum. To determine whether PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated and modifiable in COPD and to determine their relationship to clinical end points of hospitalization and mortality. PARC/CCL-18 was measured in serum samples from individuals who participated in the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) and LHS (Lung Health Study) studies and a prednisolone intervention study. Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels were higher in subjects with COPD than in smokers or lifetime nonsmokers without COPD (105 vs. 81 vs. 80 ng/ml, respectively; P < 0.0001). Elevated PARC/CCL-18 levels were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular hospitalization or mortality in the LHS cohort and with total mortality in the ECLIPSE cohort. Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated in COPD and track clinical outcomes. PARC/CCL-18, a lung-predominant chemokine, could be a useful blood biomarker in COPD.

Hypernuclei and strangeness physics programme at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagae, Tomofumi

2009-01-01

Full text: The construction of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is completed in 2009. The J-PARC accelerators consist of a 181-MeV proton linac, a 3-GeV rapid-cycling proton synchrotron, and a 50-GeV main proton synchrotron. Now, the 3-GeV proton beam is used to produce spallation neutrons and slow muons for materials and life sciences. The 30-GeV proton beam from the main ring is used to produce high-intensity kaon beams and neutrino beam. Beam commissioning of the slow-extraction beam from the J- PARC main proton synchrotron started in January, 2009. The beam was successfully extracted and transported to the Hadron Experimental Hall on January 27. The first secondary-beam production was confirmed on February 11 at the K1.8-branch beam line in the hall. Although we need a lot of work to be completed before the beam would be available for experimental users, we believe this is the start of the J-PARC era to open new research fields in strangeness nuclear physics. The K - beams with the highest intensity in the world enable us to carry out various interesting experimental subjects; the (K - , K + ) missing-mass spectroscopy to discover hypernuclei, hypernuclear gamma-ray spectroscopy, search for kaonic nuclei, and so on. New detector systems such as the SKS+ spectrometer, Hyperball-J detector, and Cylindrical Detector System (CDS) are now in preparation. Present status of the experiments, our initial physics goals at J-PARC and the perspectives are discussed

Chaire de recherche trilatérale Canada – Afrique du Sud sur les ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le présent projet met l'accent sur les interactions entre l'humain et la faune, notamment sur les pauvres des zones rurales en pays tropical et sur l'effet des changements climatiques que ces derniers subiront. Puisant dans la recherche menée à la station de biologie expérimentale de l'Université Makere, près du parc ...

On the radioprotective properties of heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds; Etude des proprietes radioprotectrices de composes heterocycliques azotes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinaldi, R; Bernard, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

Continuing their study of the possible radioprotective properties of heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds, the authors study certain derivatives of imidazole and other compounds of similar structure. The results obtained showed: 1 - that the derivatives resulting from the presence in the imidazole ring of the mercapto, methyl, carbonyl, or benzyl groups are inactive: these substitutions appear to destroy the significant radioprotective activity of the imidazole, 2 - that benzimidazole, on the contrary, seems to possess highly interesting properties. The percentage of survivals obtained with mice treated with benzimidazole and exposed to lethal irradiation has encouraged the authors to undertake careful study of this substance, with a view to define optimum activity conditions, and to determine the mechanism responsible for its radioprotective action. Further on and so as to of clarify certain points that might give useful data concerning the mechanisms of action of radioprotective chemicals, in respect of each of the products the authors have studied: a - the action of these bodies on the internal temperature of mice, b - their radioprotective activity in vitro, in a solution of irradiated hemin. (authors) [French] Les proprietes radioprotectrices de l'imidazole ayant ete mises en evidence dans un precedent travail, les auteurs poursuivent leur experimentation sur certains derives de ce noyau ainsi que des composes de structure voisine. Leurs resultats montrent: 1 - que les composes obtenus par substitution d'un groupement mercapto, methyle, carbonyle ou benzyle, a un hydrogene du noyau imidazole sont inactifs, 2 - que le benzimidazole presente par contre des proprietes interessantes. Pour ce dernier compose le pourcentage de survie pouvant atteindre 90 pour cent les auteurs ont determine les conditions optimales de son activite radioprotectrice; de plus, dans le but d'obtenir des renseignements susceptibles de preciser le mecanisme d'action de la radioprotection

Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante des Armees. 1977 scientific works

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The annual report, where the scientific works of the Centre de Recherches du Service de Sante des Armees (CRSSA) carried on during 1977 are summarized as short notes, is presented. The following topics are particularly studied: biological and chemical changes induced by external irradiation; combined effects of irradiation and surgery, irradiation and burns; radioprotective substances; radiotoxicology; radiocontamination [fr

The State of J-PARC

CERN Document Server

Nagamiya, S

2003-01-01

J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) started in fiscal year.2001. There are three important points of the project such as 1) researches of nucleus and elementary particles using K meson and neutrino are developed by 50GeV/0.75MW proton beam, 2) researches of materials and bioscience are studied using neutron and muon beam from 3GeV/1MW proton beam and 3) R and D of accelerator driven nuclear transmutation from long-lived radioactive waste to short-lived one using neutron beam from 0.6GeV/0.2MW proton beam. The concept of facilities, outline of accelerator driven nuclear transmutation, the system for construction of J-PARC, the budget, a yearly program and the state of project are reported. (S.Y.)

S=−3 physics at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takahashi, H., E-mail: hitoshi.takahashi@kek.jp [Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801 (Japan)

2013-09-20

Experiments with strangeness of −3 are now being planned at the J-PARC hadron experimental facility (HD-hall) to study ΩN interaction and structure of Ω baryons. In order to perform S=−3 experiments, two new beam lines are to be constructed in the HD-hall, which will provide charged secondary beams with higher momentum than those of existing beam lines. In this paper, planned experimental programs on S=−3 physics at J-PARC as well as current designs of the new beam lines are introduced.

OSIRIS reactor radioprotection, radioprotection measurements performed during the power rise and the first 50 megawatt operation; Radioprotection de la pile OSIRIS, mesures de radioprotection effectuees au cours de la montee en puissance et des premiers fonctionnements a 50 megawatts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fanton, B.; Lebouleux, P

1967-12-01

The authors supply the results of the measurements that have been made near the Osiris reactor during the power increase and during the first functioning at 50 megawatts. The measurements relate to the absorbed dose rates in the premises, the water activation and the atmospheric contamination. The influence of the heat layer of water movements and the water rate in the core chimney on the absorbed dose rate at the footbridge level overhanging the pile core has been studied. The modifications to the protection devices that have been proposed after the measurements and the effect of these modifications on the results of the measures are given then. The regeneration process of a water purification chain has been examined from the radiation protection point of view. It has been possible to make some twenty radionuclides obvious in the produced effluents and to determine the volume activity of these effluents for each radionuclide. The whole of results show that in a general way, the irradiation levels are low during the usual reactor functioning. [French] Les auteurs fournissent les resultats des mesures de radioprotection oui ont ete effectuees aupres de la pile Osiris pendant la montee en puissance et au cours des premiers fonctionnements a 50 megawatts. Les mesures portent sur les debits de dose absorbee dans les locaux, l'activation de l'eau et la contamination atmospherique. L'influence de la couche chaude des mouvements d'eau et du debit d'eau dans la cheminee du coeur sur le debit de dose absorbee au niveau de la passerelle surplombant le coeur de la pile, a ete etudiee. Les modifications aux dispositifs de protection, qui ont ete proposees a la suite des mesures, et l'effet de ces modifications sur les resultats des mesures sont indiques ensuite. Le processus de regeneration d'une chaine d'epuration de l'eau a ete examine sous l'angle de la radioprotection. Il a ete possible de mettre en evidence une vingtaine

J-PARC accelerator and neutrino beamline upgrade programme

Science.gov (United States)

Friend, M.

2017-09-01

The 30 GeV proton beam from the J-PARC Main Ring (MR) accelerator is used to produce a world-class conventional neutrino beam - the neutrino source for the J-PARC long-baseline neutrino programme, including the current T2K experiment and proposed future experiments. Planned upgrades to increase the beam power of the MR from the current ˜400 kW to the design power of 750 kW and beyond, to 1.3+ MW, are underway. These include hardware modifications, such as upgrades of the MR magnet power supplies, RF systems, and feedback systems, as well as a change of the MR beam betatron tune point. Upgrades to the neutrino beamline, such as to the proton beam monitoring, horns, and radioactive material handling, will also be required to accommodate the increased proton beam power. An overview of planned J-PARC MR and neutrino facility upgrades is given.

Chemical radioprotection: current data and perspectives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sentenac-Roumanou, H.; Fatome, M.

1978-01-01

Since discovery, between 1951 and 1955, of the classical radioprotective agents cysteamine, serotonin and A.E.T., synthesis of more active molecules, long acting polymers and compounds active when orally administered, have been performed, especially during the last decade. On the other hand, extensive investigations on mechanism of action of radioprotective agents and particularly discovery of the essential role displayed by protection of the central nervous system of mammals allowed a marked improvement of concepts in the field of chemical radioprotection [fr

Serum PARC/CCL-18 Concentrations and Health Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Science.gov (United States)

Sin, Don D.; Miller, Bruce E.; Duvoix, Annelyse; Man, S. F. Paul; Zhang, Xuekui; Silverman, Edwin K.; Connett, John E.; Anthonisen, Nicholas A.; Wise, Robert A.; Tashkin, Donald; Celli, Bartolome R.; Edwards, Lisa D.; Locantore, Nicholas; MacNee, William; Tal-Singer, Ruth; Lomas, David A.

2011-01-01

Rationale: There are no accepted blood-based biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC/CCL-18) is a lung-predominant inflammatory protein that is found in serum. Objectives: To determine whether PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated and modifiable in COPD and to determine their relationship to clinical end points of hospitalization and mortality. Methods: PARC/CCL-18 was measured in serum samples from individuals who participated in the ECLIPSE (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) and LHS (Lung Health Study) studies and a prednisolone intervention study. Measurements and Main Results: Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels were higher in subjects with COPD than in smokers or lifetime nonsmokers without COPD (105 vs. 81 vs. 80 ng/ml, respectively; P LHS cohort and with total mortality in the ECLIPSE cohort. Conclusions: Serum PARC/CCL-18 levels are elevated in COPD and track clinical outcomes. PARC/CCL-18, a lung-predominant chemokine, could be a useful blood biomarker in COPD. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00292552). PMID:21216880

Au fil du temps (1976 ou la loi du seuil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabelle Singer

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Ayant choisi de vivre dans un camion, les héros d’Au fil du temps (film de Wim Wenders de 1976 font du seuil une expérience particulière. Celle de la rupture avec toute idée de foyer et celle du refus d’appartenance à la terre natale, cette terre allemande traversée par une frontière le long de laquelle ils vont voyager, et qui les renvoie à chaque instant aux traumatismes de l’Histoire. Sur le pare-brise du camion, l’extérieur (campagnes indifférenciées, villes à l’abandon… et l’intérieur se superposent. Au fil du temps questionne le paysage : il s’agit d’en décoller un à un les mythes qui le recouvrent. L’image alors n’est plus surface mais volume à traverser, à lacérer et découvrir ce qui est tissé dans le paysage. La démarche de Wenders est alors proche de celle d’un de ses contemporains : Anselm Kiefer. Le paysage allemand provoque le rejet parce qu’il y a là toujours plus que le visible : des strates et des strates de culpabilité que le mythe - et c’est sa fonction - a recouvert. Et qu’il s’agira ici, de soulever. Le choix du nomadisme, c’est celui d’un état de l’humanité antérieur à l’idée de patrie. Et c’est aussi celui de la solitude, comme prix à payer à ce refus d’appartenance et à cette mise à jour des mythes. L’appartenance à la terre allemande et à son Histoire est profondément problématique parce que les pères sont fondamentalement coupables. On se reconnaîtra alors des pères de substitution : des pères de cinéma (Nicholas Ray ou Fritz Lang. Et l’on substituera l’Histoire du cinéma à l’Histoire. Bruno est réparateur ambulant de projecteurs et Au fil du temps dressera, au gré de ses pérégrinations, un état des lieux du cinéma allemand des années soixante-dix : déliquescent, colonisé par les images hollywoodiennes. Il faut que cela change : état du cinéma ; état des protagonistes solitaires en quête d’une identit

Radioprotective Agents

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ilker Kelle

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Since1949, a great deal of research has been carried out on the radioprotective activity of various chemical substances. Thiol compounds, compounds which contain –SH radical, different classes of pharmacological agents and other compounds such as vitamine C and WR-2721 have been shown to reduce mortality when administered prior to exposure to a lethal dose of radiation. Recently, honey bee venom as well as that of its components melittin and histamine have shown to be valuable in reduction of radiation-induced damage and also provide prophylactic alternative treatment for serious side effects related with radiotherapy. It has been suggested that the radioprotective activity of bee venom components is related with the stimulation of the hematopoetic system.

A prospective view of radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barescut, Jean C.

2008-01-01

Full text: If we exclude the specific case of medical radioprotection and workers radioprotection, the main challenge of tomorrow radioprotection is the protection of usual people faced to a possible increase of ambient contamination, either as a consequence of usual releases of industry or as a consequence of sporadic accidents. From the view points of regulators and practitioners of radioprotection, we have to optimize today researches and studies, to optimize protection investments and to prepare future rules according to what could be the possible concerns of radioprotection in a near future. Clearly, when dealing with nuclear energy, a perspective of 30 years is not a very far one. A nuclear plant built today will still be in operation 30 years from now. But 30 years is a fairly long time compared to evolutions of science. For example, DNA was discovered in 1953 and gene engineering began seriously in the years 70s. There is no doubt that the evolution speed will not decrease and that the scientific situation will be quite different within 30 years. This could have many practical consequences. One is that the risk associated to radioactive stress could be better estimated, another is that precursors of a disease attributable to radioactivity will certainly be detected earlier and will allow cure to begin earlier. It is quite likely also that our ability to stimulate the natural defenses of organisms will improve. In an even more futuristic approach, the use of nanoengines or the use of highly selective killer processes at the cell level seems quite possible. Radioprotection will not only be influenced by science but also by the level of environmental threats. We have already a pretty good backward knowledge but, if we consider that the real beginning of industrial nuclear age was in the seventies, within 30 years, we will have more than 70 years of retrospective view. That should be enough to determine if our exposure to radioactivity is really increasing

J-PARC and the prospective neutron sciences

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Masatoshi Arai

2009-01-01

Full text: J-PARC is an interdisciplinary facility with high power proton accelerator complex containing particle physics, nuclear physics, muon science and neutron science facilities. After 8 years construction, she is almost ready to open for users. Materials-Life Science Facility (MLF) of J-PARC is composed from very intensive pulsed neutron and muon facilities at 1 MW of the accelerated proton power. The neutron peak flux will be as high as several hundred times of existing high flux reactors. Therefore, it is highly expected that new sciences will be explored by J-PARC, MLF. The first neutrons was already produced in the last May. The MLF facility has 23 neutron beam ports. About 12 instruments are under commissioning or construction. Out of four instruments are already opened for users since December, 2008.. In the commissioning High Resolution Powder Diffractometer showed the world highest resolution d/d=0.04% as was designed. Other instruments, high intensity powder diffractometer, protein crystal diffractometer, residual stress analysis diffractometer, high intensity chopper spectrometer, confirmed expected intensity and spectrum from neutron beam line. By the end of March, a cold neutron chopper spectrometer will also come on line. Those instruments are taking advantages with optical devices for neutron transport to realize very high flux at sample position. By taking high performances of neutron moderators of MLF, the instruments will realize the world class resolution and high intensity. Ranging from Bio-science, material science, engineering, industrial use of neutrons to fundamental physics, we are exciting to see cutting-edge sciences with great anticipation to be produced from J-PARC, MLF. (author)

Collaboration between J-PARC and computing science

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakatani, Takeshi; Inamura, Yasuhiro

2010-01-01

Many world-forefront experimental apparatuses are under construction at Materials and Life Science Facility of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), and new experimental methods supported by the computer facility are under development towards practical use. Many problems, however, remains to be developed as a large open use facility under the Low for Promotion of Public Utilization. Some of them need the cooperation of experimental scientists and computer scientists to be solved. Present status of the computing ability at Materials and Life Science Facility of J-PARC, and research results expected to be brought by the collaboration of experimental- and computer-scientists are described. (author)

Prospective of clinical drugs for radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alok, Amit; Kumar, Sandeep; Kumar, Arun; Chaudhury, N.K.

2014-01-01

We are living in an era of nuclear power where power derived from nuclear reaction is used for power generation as well as for nuclear weapons. The terrorism and the threat of dirty bombs looms around the civilized population. Therefore, there is a need to develop radioprotector which could prevent against the harmful effect of radiation. The research on radioprotector started more than fifty years ago but still there is no approved radioprotector in the drug market. Hundreds of lead molecule have been screened and have shown varying amount of radioprotection either in vitro or in vivo or in both. Only one drug amifostine was approved by FDA but due to its toxicity in head and neck cancer, this drug is no more in use. Antioxidants too have proven to be a potential radioprotector but the dose required for radioprotection is too high for maintenance of homeostasis in physiological system. We have taken an alternative approach of using clinical drugs like diclofenac and tetracycline for development of approach for radioprotection and reported the radioprotective role of diclofenac. The advantage of using clinical drug is its wide availability in the market and the ease with which it could be channelized for radioprotection. Antiradical assays have demonstrated possible use of tetracycline for radioprotection. Tetracycline has also ability to reduce oxidative damages ex vivo. Studies related to comet assay as well as antioxidant assays in different organs are in progress for designing further work for efficacy and elucidation of mechanisms. (author)

Adaption of the PARCS Code for Core Design Audit Analyses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Hyong Chol; Lee, Young Jin; Uhm, Jae Beop; Kim, Hyunjik [Nuclear Safety Evaluation, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Jeong, Hun Young; Ahn, Seunghoon; Woo, Swengwoong [Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2013-05-15

The eigenvalue calculation also includes quasi-static core depletion analyses. PARCS has implemented variety of features and has been qualified as a regulatory audit code in conjunction with other NRC thermal-hydraulic codes such as TRACE or RELAP5. In this study, as an adaptation effort for audit applications, PARCS is applied for an audit analysis of a reload core design. The lattice physics code HELIOS is used for cross section generation. PARCS-HELIOS code system has been established as a core analysis tool. Calculation results have been compared on a wide spectrum of calculations such as power distribution, critical soluble boron concentration, and rod worth. A reasonable agreement between the audit calculation and the reference results has been found.

Outline of J-PARC and development of J-PARC from nuclear physics future plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagamiya, Shoji

2006-01-01

The origin of the Nuclear Physics Future Plan was the NUMATRON project, with which high energy heavy ions were to be accelerated. This project was not successful and another project 'Large Hadron Project' was proposed in 1986 to deliver both of high energy heavy ions and high intensity protons. This project was somewhat modified to build a 1GeV 200μA proton linac in KEK (Institute for High Energy Physics) site to produce pulsed neutrons, pulsed muons and unstable nuclei as a first step to 'Japan Hadron Project'. The linac was expected also to be an injector for KEK 12GeV synchrotron. In 2001 accelerator projects under the Ministry of Education and the Science and Technology Agency were unified to form J-PARC project, which was approved on a chance when the former two government organizations were integrated. J-PARC project aims at performing the materials and life sciences by 3GeV protons, nuclear and elementary particle physics by 50GeV protons and the researches on nuclear transmutation by 0.6GeV protons. (K.Y.)

La dimension publicitaire du storytelling politique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreea Monica State

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Le thème général de cet article fait référence à la dimension publicitaire de la narration politique. J'ai choisi ce sujet parce que les histoires font partie de la vie humaine depuis longtemps, utilisées pour transmettre la tradition et enseigner des modèles de comportement social. Récemment, des histoires ont été utilisées de plus en plus souvent à des fins diverses telles que la publicité, la gestion ou la politique. Cet article vise à réaliser une recherche qualitative qui combine l'analyse du contenu et l'analyse du discours. En dehors de la base théorique qui vise à clarifier les concepts de base de la recherche, j’étudie la narration politique utilisée par l'ancien Président Traian Basescu et l'ancien Premier Ministre Victor Ponta dans les biographies en ligne, puis une analyse de leurs discours lors de la Fête Nationale de la Roumanie et l'Union des Principautés Roumaines.

Participation et gestion dans les parcs nationaux de montagne : approches anglo-saxonnes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stéphane Héritier

2010-04-01

Full Text Available L’implication du public est devenue l’un des éléments clé des politiques de conservation dans le monde. Cet article a pour objectif de proposer une analyse générale dans quatre pays ayant établi des parcs nationaux de manière très précoce, souvent en opposition avec les populations locales ou autochtones. Depuis les années 1970, la participation publique est devenue une pratique commune dans la gestion des parcs nationaux, même si elle revêt des réalités très variables. Cet article analyse les tendances générales de la participation (notamment au niveau des dispositifs dans les pratiques de gestion des parcs nationaux, qui sont généralement considérées comme des réussites en termes de pratiques politiques ou de gouvernance et qui sont souvent présentées comme des modes d’élaboration de démocratie délibérative. L’analyse utilisant les différents niveaux scalaires tend à montrer au contraire que les dispositifs de participation publique peuvent aussi fragmenter les parties prenantes et rendre plus difficile la constitution efficace d’une coalition d’acteurs.Public involvement has become a key concept in conservation management worldwide. This paper intends to give an overview on four countries known to have established national parks for over a century, and often in clearing the land from previous ‘indigenous’ or local occupation. Since the seventies, public participation has become a common practice in parks’ management, even if reality does not fit always perfectly with theory. The paper analyses general trends of public participation in parks management practices, which are most often considered as a successful governance policies by most authors, and is also considered as a way to build participative democracy. The analysis using the level of scale intends to show that public participation can also fragment the stakeholders, making really difficult the emergence of any efficient coalition of

Radioprotective effectiveness of some zootoxins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vernigorova, L.A.; Lebedev, V.G.

1986-01-01

A study was made of the effectiveness of a new class of radioprotective agents, polypeptides, obtained from zootoxins of scorpion, tarantula, Lathrodectes tredecimguttatus, and bee under conditions of a short-term and long-term irradiation. The peptide fraction of the sorption venom, butoxin, was most radioprotective: it provided 65% survival after LD 98/30 . Butoxin exerted a stimulatory effect on the hypophysis-adrenal system and haemopoiesis of intact and irradiated animals

Hadron physics programs at J-PARC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Naruki M.

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The J-PARC Hadron Facility is designed as a multipurpose experimental facility for a wide range of particle and nuclear physics programs, aiming to provide the world highest intensity secondary beams. Currently three secondary beam lines; K1.8, K1.8BR and KL together with the test beam line named K1.1BR come into operation. Various experimental programs are proposed at each beam line and some of them have been performed so far. As the first experiment at the J-PARC Hadron Facility, the Θ+ pentaquark was searched for via the pion-induced hadronic reaction in the autumn of 2010. Also experimental programs to search for new hadronic states such as K−pp have started to perform a physics run. The current status and near future programs are introduced.

Radioprotection: Gelam Honey And Other Potential Natural Sources As Radioprotectant Agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tengku Ahbrizal Farizal Tengku Ahmad

2014-01-01

The application of antioxidant compounds has been studied since the early days of nuclear era, due to the high possibility of overexposure among individuals working in radiation facilities. Ionising radiations can trigger the formation of free radicals which induces biological damage even at a very low dose. It can damage DNA molecules via two mechanisms, either directly or indirectly. Therefore, radioprotectant must have the characteristic of a free radical scavenger to prevent those damages. In this study, the effect of gamma irradiation-induced DNA damage and cellular response was determined by DNA damage pathway. Gelam honey was chosen to determine its radioprotective efficacy when normal human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) were exposed to gamma-rays. HDFs were treated with Gelam Honey at pre-, during- and post-irradiation at 1 Gray dose. Through this study, gamma-irradiation modulated the cell defence system which involved expression of gene/protein of DNA damage detection, subsequently lead to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Conversely, HDFs pre-treated with Gelam honey maintained the cell proliferation as shown by the decrease in DNA damage and increase in cell survival rate. These mechanisms may be used as one of the guidelines for radioprotection study with other natural resources such as beta-glucan extract from mushrooms. (author)

Radioprotective effect of antioxidants on human blood lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Mingsuo; Gu Xuandi; Zhu Genbo; Feng Jixing; Su Liaoyuan

1991-09-01

By using an improved fluorometric method with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) as fluorometric agent, the antiradiation effects of four kinds of antioxidants on 60 Co γ-ray irradiation inducing final products of lipid peroxides (LPO), i.e. malodialdehyde (MDA) content changes in human blood lymphocytes, were investigated with LPO value as an indicator. The results of the experiment were as following: (1)The radioprotective effect of exogenous antioxidants added to human blood lymphocytes on radiation-induced LPO damage of cellular membrane were remarkable; (2)The radioprotective beneficial sequences of four kinds of antioxidants were arranged like this: SOD > VE >VC, Se 4+ ; (3)Radioprotective effects of antioxidants on radiation-induced damage varied especially with the property of antioxidants, drug concentration, and pretreatment and monitoring time, etc., as well as irradiated dosage and various kinds of incubated cells. In addition, the mechanism of these antioxidants as radioprotectants on human blood lymphocytes is discussed in connection with LPO damage and radioprotection

Radioprotective properties of detoxified lipid A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Snyder, S.L.; Walden, T.L. Jr.; Patchen, M.L.

1985-01-01

Endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has long been known to possess radioprotective properties. Nevertheless, the toxicity of LPS, or its principal bioactive component, Lipid A, has detracted from its potential use as a radioprotectant. Recently, a relatively non-toxic monophosphoryl Lipid A that retains many of the immunobiological properties of native LPS has been prepared from a polyaccharide-deficient and heptoseless Re mutant strain of S. minnesota. The authors conducted experiments that evaluated and compared the radioprotective efficiency of native endotoxin, as well as the mono (detoxified) and diphosphoryl (toxic) forms of Lipid A, in both responder (CD2F1 and C3H/HeN) and non-responder (C3H/HeJ) mice. It has been found that the optimal dose for the mono- and diphosphoryl Lipid A are approximately the same (800 μg/kg in CD2F1 mice), and that both compounds provide maximum protection when administered 24 h before exposure to an LD100 dose of cobalt - 60 gamma radiation. Possible mechanisms for the radioprotective action of detoxified Lipid A are suggested

Radioprotective effect of vitamins C and E

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Nahas, S.M.; Mohamed, A.A.; Mattar, F.E.

1993-01-01

Albino rats were treated with aqueous vitamin C solution and vitamin E solution dissolved in olive oil at two concentrations, 100 and 300 mg/kg/day, for 6 months. Some of the animals where then subjected to whole-body irradiation. Chromosomal aberrations and mitotic activity in non-irradiated and irradiated groups were recorded. Both vitamins were found to be non-mutagenic. Vitamin C exerted a radioprotective effect but vitamin E was not radioprotective and it suppressed the radioprotection otherwise produced by olive oil. (author). 31 refs., 2 figs

Effects of radioprotective agents on mammal cella

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schuessler, H.; Pauly, H.

1983-01-01

The effects of aminothiols and thiophosphates on cultures of B14 Chinese Hamster cells wee investigated. 30 min before irradiation, the cells were covered with a solution of the radioprotective agent. After irradiation, this solution was removed and substituted by culture medium. The radioprotective effect increases with increasing cystamine concentrations. With a cystamine concentration of 60 mM, a dose reduction factor of 3 was achieved. Further investigations showed that already after 2 min of incubation, the radioprotective effect in the same as after 60 min. (orig./MG) [de

The ViewPoint radioprotection supervision workstation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaultier, E.

2009-01-01

The author briefly presents the ViewPoint supervision global solution which incorporates audio and video advanced technologies to manage radioprotection operational measurements. Data can be transmitted by-wire or wireless. It can integrate a large number of radioprotection measurement instruments, such as a belt for the monitoring of physiological parameters (body temperature, breathing rhythm, body posture)

Overview of high intensity proton accelerator facility, J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikeda, Y.

2010-01-01

The J-PARC project of high intensity proton accelerator research complex, conducted jointly by JAERI and KEK, has been completed with demonstration of all beam productions in 2009 as the facility construction phase, and the operation started to offer the secondary beams of neutron, muon, kaon, and neutrino, to the advanced scientific experimental research aiming at making breakthroughs in materials and life science, nuclear and elementary physics, etc. This text describes the overview of the J-PARC present status with emphasis of a performance toward to 1MW power as user facilities. (author)

Analysis of a small PWR core with the PARCS/Helios and PARCS/Serpent code systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baiocco, G.; Petruzzi, A.; Bznuni, S.; Kozlowski, T.

2017-01-01

Highlights: • The consistency between Helios and Serpent few-group cross sections is shown. • The PARCS model is validated against a Monte Carlo 3D model. • The fission and capture rates are compared. • The influence of the spacer grids on the axial power distribution is shown. - Abstract: Lattice physics codes are primarily used to generate cross-section data for nodal codes. In this work the methodology of homogenized constant generation was applied to a small Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) core, using the deterministic code Helios and the Monte Carlo code Serpent. Subsequently, a 3D analysis of the PWR core was performed with the nodal diffusion code PARCS using the two-group cross section data sets generated by Helios and Serpent. Moreover, a full 3D model of the PWR core was developed using Serpent in order to obtain a reference solution. Several parameters, such as k eff , axial and radial power, fission and capture rates were compared and found to be in good agreement.

Study in vitro of origin radioprotective food the radioprotective effect in vitro of food borne; Estudio in vitro de radioprotectores de origen alimentario

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soraino, J. M.; Sebastia, N.; Almonacid, M.; Alonso, O.; Cervera, J.; Such, E.; Silla, M. A.; Villaescusa, J. I.; Montoro, A.

2012-07-01

Study in vitro of origin radioprotective food the radioprotective effect in vitro of food borne substances studied is a first step in developing effective radioprotectors that can prevent radiation damage to healthy tissue., cannot forget that these studies must be accompanied by in vitro studies of toxicity and bioavailability to profile designing radioprotective substance.

The application of the PARCS neutronics code to the Atucha-I and Atucha-II NPPs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ward, Andrew; Collins, Ben; Xu, Yunlin; Downar, Thomas [Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN (United States); Madariaga, Marcelo [Autoridad Nuclear Regulatoria, Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2008-07-01

In order to analyze Central Nuclear Atucha II (CNA-II) with coupled RELAP5/PARCS, extensive benchmarking of the neutronics codes HELIOS and PARCS was completed. This benchmarking was performed using a range of test problems designed in collaboration with NA-SA. HELIOS has been previously used to model Candu systems, but the results were validated for this case as well. The validation of both HELIOS and PARCS was performed primarily by comparisons to MCNP results for the same problems. Though originally designed to model light water systems, the capability of the PARCS was validated for predicting the performance of a Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor. The other noteworthy issue was the control rods. Because the insertion of the rods is oblique, a special routine was added to PARCS to treat this effect. Lattice level and Core level calculations were compared to the corresponding NA-SA codes WIMS and PUMA. In all cases there was good agreement in the results which provided confidence that the neutronics methods and the core neutronics modelling would not be a significant source of error in coupled RELAP5/PARCS calculations. (authors)

A study of some radioprotection apparatuses used in the case of pool reactors; Etude de quelques dispositifs de radioprotection en service aupres des piles piscines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Robien, E de; Choudens, H de; Delpuech, J [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

Various problems of radioprotection concerning swimming-pool reactors in Grenoble have led us to study adequate solutions: a) The automatic verification of the staff-radioactivity when coming out of Melusine or Siloe has been realized thanks to a {beta}{gamma} gate which is insensitive to the ambient background in the reactor-hall; b) The automatic verification of the contamination of the shoes of the agents working in these reactors has been realized with a dedicated device; c) The necessity to measure precisely {gamma} doses with the help of an autonomous apparatus has led to the making of a plastic-scintillator {gamma} dosimeter; d) The obligation to forbid the opening of doors in some places where there might be a great intensity of radiation, has led us to make doors open according to the intensity of radiation inside the rooms; e) The releases of radioactive iodine have been measured with activated charcoal cartridges that surround a scintillator connected with a unique channel selector; f) Finally the control of reactor safety rod fall in case of a radioactive accident has been secured by a chain whose detector is a chamber immersed in the swimming-pool, which offers, in the particular case of the hot thickness swimming-pool reactor a double advantage: first it enables us to regulate the upper hot water layer, second to get free of transitory radiations which appear in the reactor hall as the experimental apparatuses are taken out from the core. (authors) [French] Differents problemes de radioprotection se posant aupres des piles piscines de Grenoble, ils ont necessite l'etude de solutions particulieres: a) le controle automatique de la radioactivite du personnel sortant de Melusine ou de Siloe a ete realise a l'aide d'un portique {beta}{gamma} insensible au bruit de fond ambiant du hall des piles; b) le controle automatique de la contamination des souliers des agents travaillant dans ces piles a ete realise par une passerelle pieds {beta}{gamma}; c) la

On the radioprotective properties of heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rinaldi, R.; Bernard, Y.

1964-01-01

Continuing their study of the possible radioprotective properties of heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds, the authors study certain derivatives of imidazole and other compounds of similar structure. The results obtained showed: 1 - that the derivatives resulting from the presence in the imidazole ring of the mercapto, methyl, carbonyl, or benzyl groups are inactive: these substitutions appear to destroy the significant radioprotective activity of the imidazole, 2 - that benzimidazole, on the contrary, seems to possess highly interesting properties. The percentage of survivals obtained with mice treated with benzimidazole and exposed to lethal irradiation has encouraged the authors to undertake careful study of this substance, with a view to define optimum activity conditions, and to determine the mechanism responsible for its radioprotective action. Further on and so as to of clarify certain points that might give useful data concerning the mechanisms of action of radioprotective chemicals, in respect of each of the products the authors have studied: a - the action of these bodies on the internal temperature of mice, b - their radioprotective activity in vitro, in a solution of irradiated hemin. (authors) [fr

A practical contribution to the dosimetry of fast neutrons in radio-protection - determination of the integrated dose in man using the {sup 32}S(n, p){sup 32}P reaction (1963); Contribution pratique a la dosimetrie des neutrons rapides en radioprotection - determination de la dose integree par reaction {sup 32}S(n, p){sup 32}P chez l'homme (1963)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scheidhauer, J; Chabidon, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre de Production de Plutonium, Marcoule (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-07-01

The problem of fast neutron dosimetry using activation is studied from the radio-protection point of view. The practical development of methods for analyzing phosphorus 32 produced by the activation of sulphur 32 in human hair by the reaction {sup 32}S(n, p){sup 32}P is described. The sensitivity obtained is 5 rad. A preliminary study was made of the variations in the natural sulphur and phosphorus concentrations. (authors) [French] Le probleme de la dosimetrie des neutrons rapides par activation est etudie sous l'angle de la radioprotectlon. Une mise au point pratique de methodes d'analyae du phosphore 32 induit par activation du soufre 32 des cheveux humains par reaction {sup 32}S(n, p){sup 32}P est exposee. La sensibilite obtenue est de 5 rad. Les variations du soufre et du phosphore naturels ont fait l'objet d'une etude preliminaire. (auteurs)

Proceedings of the Fourth Session of Radioprotection of the patient

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009-01-01

The Radiology Argentine Society and the Radioprotection Argentine Society have organized the 4. Session of the Protection to the Patient, in order to inform to the technical and scientific community about the scopes of the radioprotection to the patient. The principal treated topics were the following: effects of the radiation in radiodiagnostic; radioprotection of the fetus and the pregnancy woman; radioprotection in dental radiology; radiological protection in TAC; radiation doses in radiodiagnostic; treatment of radiation injuries; fatal accidents in radiotherapy. [es

Feasibility Study of Coupling the CASMO-4/TABLES-3/SIMULATE-3 Code System to TRACE/PARCS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Demaziere, Christophe; Staalek, Mathias

2004-12-01

This report investigates the feasibility of coupling the Studsvik Scandpower CASMO-4/TABLES-3/SIMULATE-3 codes to the US NRC TRACE/PARCS codes. The data required by TRACE/PARCS are actually the ones necessary to run its neutronic module PARCS. Such data are the macroscopic nuclear cross-sections, some microscopic nuclear cross-sections important for the Xenon and Samarium poisoning effects, the Assembly Discontinuity Factors, and the kinetic parameters. All these data can be retrieved from the Studsvik Scandpower codes. The data functionalization is explained in detail for both systems of codes and the possibility of coupling each of these codes to TRACE/PARCS is discussed. Due to confidentiality restrictions in the use of the CASMO-4 files and to an improper format of the TABLES-3 output files, it is demonstrated that TRACE/PARCS can only be coupled to SIMULATE-3. Specifically-dedicated SIMULATE-3 input decks allow easily editing the neutronic data at specific operating statepoints. Although the data functionalization is different between both systems of codes, such a procedure permits reconstructing a set of data directly compatible with PARCS

Possibilités et avantages des plantes médicinales en Amérique latine

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 févr. 2011 ... Le parc national Darién au Panama est le plus grand parc national d'Amérique ... kuna et wounaan — installés dans les limites du parc n'ont pratiquement pas ... Avec l'appui du Centre de recherches pour le développement .... Il importe de se rendre compte que la santé humaine est tributaire de celle ...

Virtual IO controllers at J-PARC MR using Xen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamikubota, N.; Yamada, S.; Yamamoto, N.; Iitsuka, T.; Motohashi, S.; Takagi, M.; Yoshida, S.; Nemoto, H.

2012-01-01

The control system for J-PARC accelerator complex has been developed based on the EPICS tool-kit. About 90 traditional ('real') VME-bus computers are used as EPICS IOCs (Input/Output Controller) in the control system for J-PARC MR (Main Ring). In 2010-2011, we demonstrated a 'virtual' IOC using Xen, an open-source virtual machine monitor. Scientific Linux with an EPICS IOC runs on a Xen virtual machine. EPICS records for oscilloscopes (network devices) are configured. Advantages of virtual IOC are discussed. In addition, future directions are discussed. Plan view of virtual IOCs for MR operation will be given. (authors)

Status and hadron physics program of J-PARC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ozawa K.

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Current status and hadron physics programs of Japan Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC are reported. Several physics programs are proposed at the Hadron Hall of J-PARC. Strangeness and hyper nuclear physics is undertaken at K1.8 beam line. Study of meson nucleon bound system is underway at K1.8BR beam line. After the earthquake, all beam line components and experimental setups are reassembled. Protons are successfully accelerated in the last December and hadron physics experiments are resumed in this February. In this manuscript, status of on-going experiment and near future plans of such physics programs are reported. Especially, a new beam line for a primary protons and high momentum secondary particles is proposed to study meson properties in nucleus.

17. Espace méditerranéen et acteurs économiques : la solitude du privé ou les débris du futur

OpenAIRE

Akalay, Omar

2013-01-01

Qu’est-ce qu’un entrepreneur privé dans un pays en développement ? C’est un homme pauvre en capitaux, pauvre en savoir-faire et qui se lance à la conquête du monde parce qu’on ne peut pas gagner sa vie autrement. A court ou à long terme, l’entrepreneur privé n’a qu’un objectif : la rentabilité. Elle est la condition de sa survie. Dans cette tendance lourde, le privé n’a pas de stratégie. Il exploite des opportunités. Je vais en donner des exemples. J’ai recueilli des faits comme on ramasse de...

Radioprotection program to attend of radiation accidents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fajardo, P.W.; Costa Silva, L.H. da; Rosa, R.

1989-04-01

The aspects of a radioprotection program to be implanted in hospitals to cases of medical treatment to external and internal contamined people are presented. It is based in the experience acquired in the coordination of radioprotection of the Marcilio Dias Naval Medical Center, Rio de Janeiro, due to accident happened in Goiania in 1987. The infra-structure necessary of a ward and the procedures of radioprotection to acess control, entrance and way out of material area and patients monitoring, decontamination and the activities in the support area such as the control and maintenance of detection equipments and radioactive waste management are described. The radiologic protection materials necessaries and the quantity of radioactive waste generated by patient for day are estimated. (V.R.B.)

Annual Report: 2014: Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC)

Science.gov (United States)

Weir, Linda A.; Nanjappa, P.; Apodaca, J.J.; Williams, J.

2015-01-01

Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC) was established in 1999 to address the widespread declines, extinctions, and range reductions of amphibians and reptiles, with a focus on conservation of taxa and habitats in North America. Amphibians and reptiles are affected by a broad range of human activities, both as incidental effects of habitat alteration and direct effects from overexploitation; these animals are also burdened by humans attitudes – that amphibians and reptiles are either dangerous or of little environmental or economic value. However, PARC members understand these taxa are important parts of our natural and cultural heritage and they serve important roles in ecosystems throughout the world. With many amphibians and reptiles classified as threatened with extinction, conservation to ensure healthy populations of these animals has never been more important. As you will see herein, PARC’s 15th anniversary has been marked with major accomplishments and an ever-increasing momentum. With your help, PARC can continue to build on its successes and protect these vital species.

The role of gyrA and parC mutations in fluoroquinolones-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Iran

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roghayeh Nouri

Full Text Available Abstract The aim of this study was to examine mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining region (QRDR of gyrA and parC genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. A total of 100 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from different university-affiliated hospitals in Tabriz, Iran. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were evaluated by agar dilution assay. DNA sequences of the QRDR of gyrA and parC were determined by the dideoxy chain termination method. Of the total 100 isolates, 64 were resistant to ciprofloxacin. No amino acid alterations were detected in gyrA or parC genes of the ciprofloxacin susceptible or ciprofloxacin intermediate isolates. Thr-83 → Ile substitution in gyrA was found in all 64 ciprofloxacin resistant isolates. Forty-four (68.75% of them had additional substitution in parC. A correlation was found between the number of the amino acid alterations in the QRDR of gyrA and parC and the level of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance of the P. aeruginosa isolates. Ala-88 → Pro alteration in parC was generally found in high level ciprofloxacin resistant isolates, which were suggested to be responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance. These findings showed that in P. aeruginosa, gyrA was the primary target for fluoroquinolone and additional mutation in parC led to highly resistant isolates.

Radioprotection in the operation of accelerator and plasma units

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewen, K.

1984-01-01

Relatively great problems of radioprotection can be caused by accelerator units, above all in the field of science, because all kinds of ionizing radiation and radioactive substances can be produced in all stages of aggregation. Furthermore, activities with relatively long half-lifes are induced by high particle streams with energies beyond the thresholds of many nuclear reations, to that the conditions of a control zone, even of a prohibited zone exist at many points after having switched off the accelerator. Not all of these radioprotective problems can be solved by constructive or technical measures. A sufficient skill of the persons responsible for radioprotection is very important in this connection. Efficient radioprotective measures are only possible by a close cooperation between the radiation protection officer, the competent authority, and the expert. (orig.) [de

Radioprotection of targeted and bystander cells by methylproamine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burdak-Rothkamm, Susanne; Smith, Andrea; Lobachevsky, Pavel; Martin, Roger; Prise, Kevin M.

2015-01-01

Radioprotective agents are of interest for application in radiotherapy for cancer and in public health medicine in the context of accidental radiation exposure. Methylproamine is the lead compound of a class of radioprotectors which act as DNA binding anti-oxidants, enabling the repair of transient radiation-induced oxidative DNA lesions. This study tested methylproamine for the radioprotection of both directly targeted and bystander cells. T98G glioma cells were treated with 15 μM methylproamine and exposed to 137 Cs γ-ray/X-ray irradiation and He 2+ microbeam irradiation. Radioprotection of directly targeted cells and bystander cells was measured by clonogenic survival or γH2AX assay. Radioprotection of directly targeted T98G cells by methylproamine was observed for 137 Cs γ-rays and X-rays but not for He 2+ charged particle irradiation. The effect of methylproamine on the bystander cell population was tested for both X-ray irradiation and He 2+ ion microbeam irradiation. The X-ray bystander experiments were carried out by medium transfer from irradiated to non-irradiated cultures and three experimental designs were tested. Radioprotection was only observed when recipient cells were pretreated with the drug prior to exposure to the conditioned medium. In microbeam bystander experiments targeted and nontargeted cells were co-cultured with continuous methylproamine treatment during irradiation and postradiation incubation; radioprotection of bystander cells was observed. Methylproamine protected targeted cells from DNA damage caused by γ-ray or X-ray radiation but not He 2+ ion radiation. Protection of bystander cells was independent of the type of radiation which the donor population received. (orig.) [de

IBARAKI Materials Design Diffractometer for J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishigaki, Toru; Harjo, Stefanus; Yonemura, Masao; Kamiyama, Takashi; Aizawa, Kazuya; Oikawa, Kenichi; Sakuma, Takashi; Morii, Yukio; Arai, Masatoshi; Ebata, Kazuhiro; Takano, Yoshiki; Kasao, Takuro

2006-01-01

Ibaraki prefecture, the local government of the area for J-PARC site, has decided to build a versatile powder diffractometer (IBARAKI Materials Design Diffractometer) to promote industrial applications for neutron beams in J-PARC. This diffractometer is designed to be a high throughput one enabling materials scientists to use it like the chemical analytical instruments in their material development processes. It covers in d range 0.18< d(A)<5 with Δd/d=0.16% at the high-resolution scattering detector bank, and covers 5< d(A)<800 with gradually changing resolution. Typical measuring time to obtain a 'Rietveld-quality' data is several minutes for the sample size of laboratory X-ray diffractometer. To promote industrial application, a utilization system for this diffractometer is required. We will establish a support system for both academic and industrial users who are willing to use neutron but have not been familiar with neutron diffraction

Radioprotective effect of catecholamines on the cultured Chinese hamster fibroblasts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chirkov, Yu.Yu.; Malatsidze, M.A.; Sobolev, A.S.

1985-01-01

On cultivated in vitro Chinese hamster fibroblasts radioprotective properties of adrenaline, noradrenaline and isoproterenol in different concentrations are studied. Isoproterenol radiopreventive effect is clearly manifested with its concentration being 1x10 -8 M; adrenaline and noradrenaline are efficient in higher concentrations. Propranolol, blocking β-adrenergic receptors, completely presents radioprotective effect of catecholamines on the cells. β-adrenergic mechanism of catecholamine radioprotective effect on Mammalia cells is discussed

Role of peroxide in the radioprotective action of thiols in E. coli

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naeslund, M.; Fedorcsak, I.; Ehrenberg, L.

1976-01-01

The radioprotective action of cysteamine (MEA) and cysteine in E. coli is due partly to autoxidatively generated hydrogen peroxide (H 2 0 2 ). This effect, which predominates at low concentrations of the thiols (1-2 mM in neutral solution), is regularly correlated with a metabolic block, measured as inhibition of RNA synthesis. In experiments with E. coli 15 (autotroph) under exponential growth in complete medium, the role of H 2 0 2 was demonstrated by (a) a decreased radioprotective action if catalase was present in the medium; (b) a radioprotective action if H 2 0 2 added to the medium; (c) a decreased protective action in the absence of catalytically active copper; and (d) oxygen being required for the radioprotective action to develop. At higher concentrations of the thiols, their radioprotective action, and the accompanying metabolic block, are less dependent on H 2 0 2 generation and presumably due to a different mechanism. The radioprotective action of H 2 0 2 is possibly related to the radioprotective action in mammals of catalase inhibitors. (author)

Representative parameter of immunostimulatory ginseng polysaccharide to predict radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Son, Hyeog Jin; Shim, Ji Young; Ahn, Ji Yeon; Yun, Yeon Sook; Song, Jie Young [Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2008-09-15

According to the increase in the use of radiotherapy to cancer patients, many approaches have been tried to develop new agents for the protection of surrounding normal tissues. However, it is still few applied in the clinic as a radioprotector. We aim to find a representative parameter for radioprotection to easily predict the activity of in vivo experiment from the results of in vitro screening. The polysaccharide extracted from Panax ginseng was used in this study because the immunostimulator has been regarded as one of the radioprotective agent category and was already reported having a promising radioprotective activity through the increase of hematopoietic cells and the production of several cytokines. Mitogenic activity, AK cells activity and nitric oxide production were monitored for the in vitro immunological assay, and endogenous Colony-Forming Unit (e-CFU) was measured as in vivo radioprotective parameter. The immunological activity was increased by the galactose contents of ginseng polysaccharide dependently. The result of this study suggests that mitogenic activity of splenocytes demonstrated a good correlation with in vivo radioprotective effect, and may be used as a representative parameter to screen the candidates for radioprotector.

Auto-tuning systems for J-PARC LINAC RF cavities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fang, Z.; Kobayashi, T.; Fukui, Y.; Futatsukawa, K.; Michizono, S.; Yamaguchi, S.; Anami, S.; Suzuki, H.; Sato, F.; Shinozaki, S.; Chishiro, E.

2014-01-01

The 400-MeV proton linear accelerator (LINAC) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) consists of 324-MHz low-β and 972-MHz high-β accelerator sections. From October 2006 to May 2013, only the 324-MHz low-β accelerator section was in operation. From the summer of 2013 the J-PARC LINAC was upgraded by installing the 972-MHz high-β accelerator section, and the proton beam was successfully accelerated to 400 MeV in January 2014. Auto-tuning systems for the J-PARC LINAC RF cavities have been successfully developed. A first generation design, an auto-tuning system using a mechanical tuner controller, was developed and operated for the first 3 years. Then the second-generation auto-tuning system was developed using a new approach to the RF cavity warm-up process, and this was applied to the accelerator operation for the subsequent 4 years. During the RF cavity warm-up process in this system, the mechanical tuner is constantly fixed and the input RF frequency is automatically tuned to the cavity resonance frequency using the FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) of the digital feedback RF control system. After the input power level reaches the required value, input RF frequency tuning is stopped and it is switched to the operation frequency. Then, the mechanical tuner control begins operation. This second-generation auto-tuning system was extremely effective for the 324-MHz cavity operation. However, if we apply this approach to the 972-MHz RF cavities, an interlock due to the RF cavity reflection amplitude occasionally occurs at the end of the warm-up process. In order to solve this problem a third generation novel auto-tuning system was successfully developed in December 2013 and applied to the operation of the J-PARC LINAC, including the 972-MHz ACS RF cavities. During the warm-up process both the mechanical tuner controller and the input RF frequency tuning are in operation, and good matching between the input RF frequency and the RF cavity is

Auto-tuning systems for J-PARC LINAC RF cavities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fang, Z., E-mail: fang@post.kek.jp [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Kobayashi, T.; Fukui, Y.; Futatsukawa, K.; Michizono, S.; Yamaguchi, S.; Anami, S. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Suzuki, H.; Sato, F.; Shinozaki, S.; Chishiro, E. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 2-4 Shirane Shirakata, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan)

2014-12-11

The 400-MeV proton linear accelerator (LINAC) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) consists of 324-MHz low-β and 972-MHz high-β accelerator sections. From October 2006 to May 2013, only the 324-MHz low-β accelerator section was in operation. From the summer of 2013 the J-PARC LINAC was upgraded by installing the 972-MHz high-β accelerator section, and the proton beam was successfully accelerated to 400 MeV in January 2014. Auto-tuning systems for the J-PARC LINAC RF cavities have been successfully developed. A first generation design, an auto-tuning system using a mechanical tuner controller, was developed and operated for the first 3 years. Then the second-generation auto-tuning system was developed using a new approach to the RF cavity warm-up process, and this was applied to the accelerator operation for the subsequent 4 years. During the RF cavity warm-up process in this system, the mechanical tuner is constantly fixed and the input RF frequency is automatically tuned to the cavity resonance frequency using the FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) of the digital feedback RF control system. After the input power level reaches the required value, input RF frequency tuning is stopped and it is switched to the operation frequency. Then, the mechanical tuner control begins operation. This second-generation auto-tuning system was extremely effective for the 324-MHz cavity operation. However, if we apply this approach to the 972-MHz RF cavities, an interlock due to the RF cavity reflection amplitude occasionally occurs at the end of the warm-up process. In order to solve this problem a third generation novel auto-tuning system was successfully developed in December 2013 and applied to the operation of the J-PARC LINAC, including the 972-MHz ACS RF cavities. During the warm-up process both the mechanical tuner controller and the input RF frequency tuning are in operation, and good matching between the input RF frequency and the RF cavity is

Radioprotection in the medical applications of the ionizing radiations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2001-01-01

This publication presents information about of the radiological safety in the medical application of the ionizing radiation compiled in 11 chapter and 1 annex. The first four chapters are principally dedicated to technical uses in radioprotection, the external and internal irradiation and the biological radiation effects. The radioprotection principles, the individual monitoring techniques, and the radioprotection systems are developed afterwards in the followings three chapters. The second half of the document is dedicated entirely to the medical practices using ionizing radiations, specially to the radioprotection aspects in radiodiagnosis, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. The final chapter is dedicated to radiological accidents happened worldwide in the field of the medical applications of the ionizing radiations. The annex, about of the regulatory area, established a set of standards, laws, decrees and other force regulations in radiological safety, related in radiodiagnosis, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy

Radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Rashmi; Tiwari, Ajay [Department of Zoology, Govt. College, Ajmer (India)

2012-07-01

A major feature of all higher eukaryotes is the defined life span of the organism. Radioprotections are substances that protect the cells against Radiation induced damage. Over the past decade interest in evaluating oriental medicinal herbs and edible phytoproducts for use in Cancer preventing strategies is encouraging and emerging as an acceptable approach for controlling the Cancer incidence in many developing countries as well as developed countries. Several experimental evidence has indicated that intake of fruit and vegetables and a number of other dietary items are associated with decreased Cancer incidence. These potential agents either abolish or delay the development of Cancer by interfering with one or more steps in the process of carcinogenesis, such as preventing the activation of carcinogen by increasing detoxification or by blocking the interaction of ultimate carcinogen with cellular macromolecules or suppressing the clonal expansion of neoplastic cells. The potential of using medicinal herbs as Cancer chemo preventive neutraceuticals and functional food is promising. Radioprotective potential of extracts of certain dietary botanicals including Mentha arvensi (field mint), Syzyzium cumini (Jamun), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Aegle marmelos (Bael), Emblica officianalis (Amla), Aloe vera (Gwar patha), Moringa oleifera (Moringa, Horse Radish Tree), Grewia asiatica (Phalsa), Rosemarinus officinalis (Rosemary), Trigonella foenum-graecum, Ocirnurn sanctum, Phylanthus niruri, Vetiveria zizanioides (vetivergrass), Delbergia sisso oil (Sesame oil) was evaluated. All botanicals tested had shown a very low toxicity. Administration of these botanicals increased the survival of whole body irradiated mice and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness. (author)

Radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, Rashmi; Tiwari, Ajay

2012-01-01

A major feature of all higher eukaryotes is the defined life span of the organism. Radioprotections are substances that protect the cells against Radiation induced damage. Over the past decade interest in evaluating oriental medicinal herbs and edible phytoproducts for use in Cancer preventing strategies is encouraging and emerging as an acceptable approach for controlling the Cancer incidence in many developing countries as well as developed countries. Several experimental evidence has indicated that intake of fruit and vegetables and a number of other dietary items are associated with decreased Cancer incidence. These potential agents either abolish or delay the development of Cancer by interfering with one or more steps in the process of carcinogenesis, such as preventing the activation of carcinogen by increasing detoxification or by blocking the interaction of ultimate carcinogen with cellular macromolecules or suppressing the clonal expansion of neoplastic cells. The potential of using medicinal herbs as Cancer chemo preventive neutraceuticals and functional food is promising. Radioprotective potential of extracts of certain dietary botanicals including Mentha arvensi (field mint), Syzyzium cumini (Jamun), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Aegle marmelos (Bael), Emblica officianalis (Amla), Aloe vera (Gwar patha), Moringa oleifera (Moringa, Horse Radish Tree), Grewia asiatica (Phalsa), Rosemarinus officinalis (Rosemary), Trigonella foenum-graecum, Ocirnurn sanctum, Phylanthus niruri, Vetiveria zizanioides (vetivergrass), Delbergia sisso oil (Sesame oil) was evaluated. All botanicals tested had shown a very low toxicity. Administration of these botanicals increased the survival of whole body irradiated mice and reduced the symptoms of radiation sickness. (author)

Hématologie du rat : hémogramme et myélogramme

OpenAIRE

Descat, Fleur

2002-01-01

Le rat, Rattus norvegicus, rongeur de laboratoire consacré comme modèle expérimental dans de nombreux domaines de la recherche biomédicale, présente des caractèristiques hématologiques qualitatives et quantitatives particulières. La détermination de valeurs chiffrées de référence est toutefois délicate parce qu'il existe de très nombreux facteurs de variations physiologiques dépendant non seulement des qualités intrinsèques du sujet étudié mais aussi des techniques de prélèvements sanguins ou...

Radioprotection by polyethylene glycol-protein complexes in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gray, B.H.; Stull, R.W.

1983-01-01

Polyethylene glycol of about 5000 D was activated with cyanuric chloride, and the activated compound was complexed to each of three proteins. Polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase and polyethylene glycol-catalase were each radioprotectants when administered prophylactically to female B6CBF1 mice before irradiation. The dose reduction factor for these mice was 1.2 when 5000 units of polyethylene glycol-catalase was administered before 60 Co irradiation. Female B6CBF1 mice administered prophylactic intravenous injections of catalase, polyethylene glycol-albumin, or heat-denatured polyethylene glycol-catalase had survival rates similar to phosphate-buffered saline-injected control mice following 60 Co irradiation. Polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase and polyethylene glycol-catalase have radioprotective activity in B6CBF1 mice, which appears to depend in part on enzymatic activities of the complex. However, no radioprotective effect was observed in male C57BL/6 mice injected with each polyethylene glycol-protein complex at either 3 or 24 hr before irradiation. The mechanism for radioprotection by these complexes may depend in part on other factors

On the problem of radioprotective foods

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kiradzhiev, G; Paskalev, Z [National Centre of Radiobiology and Radiation Protection, Sofia (Bulgaria)

1996-12-31

The authors claim that purposely created food with anti-radiation effect (radioprotective food) is of no use for the Kozloduy NPP workers. Their reason is that internal radiation doses represent only 14-24% of the total dose while in cases with the highest content of radionuclides the activity is less than 10% of the annual intake limits. Measures to protect the respiratory tract are recommended instead. Radioprotective food can be used not only for protection of the population in case of accidents but also for disease treatment, rehabilitation and prophylactics. 11 refs.

On the problem of radioprotective foods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kiradzhiev, G.; Paskalev, Z.

1995-01-01

The authors claim that purposely created food with anti-radiation effect (radioprotective food) is of no use for the Kozloduy NPP workers. Their reason is that internal radiation doses represent only 14-24% of the total dose while in cases with the highest content of radionuclides the activity is less than 10% of the annual intake limits. Measures to protect the respiratory tract are recommended instead. Radioprotective food can be used not only for protection of the population in case of accidents but also for disease treatment, rehabilitation and prophylactics. 11 refs

Overview of the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) Project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagamiya, Shoji

2010-01-01

The construction of the J-PARC Project started in April of 2001. After 8 years of construction period, the project was completed in the spring of 2009. Three accelerator elements (Linac, 3 GeV proton synchrotron and 50 GeV proton synchrotron) are now working. Also, three experimental halls (materials and life experimental hall, hadron experimental hall, and neutrino experimental hall) are in operation. In this article I review all these facilities and their scientific goals. In addition, I would like to overview the current and future scope of this J-PARC facility. (author)

Computerized techniques for collecting the radioprotection data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cenusa, V.; Valeca, S.; Guta, C.; Talpalariu, C.; Stoica, V.

2016-01-01

An important component of a computerized radioprotection system is the module for the collection of the radioprotection data. The data collection can be made automatically from the measurement equipment or manually by the operators after they read the values measured by the mobile devices. Database systems are used for storing the data, they offer higher performances, more efficient data organization, ensure data integrity and controlled access to the data into a multiuser environment. The experimental program for the automatic collection of the remote data transfers periodically, at programmable time intervals, data files from the fixed radiation monitoring stations to a centralized system for radioprotection data. For this is used the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). A Radiation Monitoring Equipment designed and assembled in the Electronics Department of ICN Pitesti was used as a data source for the testing of the experimental programs. (authors)

Neutron powder diffraction under high pressure at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Utsumi, Wataru; Kagi, Hiroyuki; Komatsu, Kazuki; Arima, Hiroshi; Nagai, Takaya; Okuchi, Takuo; Kamiyama, Takashi; Uwatoko, Yoshiya; Matsubayashi, Kazuyuki; Yagi, Takehiko

2009-01-01

It is expected that high-pressure material science and the investigation of the Earth's interior will progress greatly using the high-flux pulse neutrons of J-PARC. In this article, we introduce our plans for in situ neutron powder diffraction experiments under high pressure at J-PARC. The use of three different types of high-pressure devices is planned; a Paris-Edinburgh cell, a new opposed-anvil cell with a nano-polycrystalline diamond, and a cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus. These devices will be brought to the neutron powder diffraction beamlines to conduct a 'day-one' high-pressure experiment. For the next stage of research, we propose construction of a dedicated beamline for high-pressure material science. Its conceptual designs are also introduced here.

Status and schedule of J-PARC 50 GeV synchrotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oogoe, Takao; Yoshioka, Masakazu; Kobayashi, Hitoshi; Takeuchi, Yasunori; Shirakata, Masashi; Shirakabe, Yoshihisa; Kuniyasu, Yuu; Oki, Hiroshi; Takiyama, Youichi

2005-01-01

Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is the research complex based on three high intensity proton Accelerators: a linac, a 3 GeV synchrotron (RCS), and a 50 GeV synchrotron (MR). The construction of the MR started in 2002, and its beam commissioning is scheduled in January of 2008. The accelerator tunnel of the J-PARC 50 GeV Synchrotron is still under construction, and will be completed at the end of 2006. Installation of accelerator-components is scheduled to start in July 2005 in parallel with civil and utility construction. This document describes how to install accelerator components in the tunnel and civil engineering of the tunnel. (author)

Annual report for FY 2011 on the activities of radiation safety in J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-02-01

This annual report describes the activities of radiation safety of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) for FY 2011. The activities described are radiation protection in workplaces, environmental monitoring, individual monitoring, maintenance of monitoring instruments, and the technological developments of radiation protection. Occupational exposures have not exceeded the prescribed dose limit. No effluent releases were recorded exceeding the prescribed limits on the amount and concentration of radioactivity for gaseous release and liquid waste. J-PARC was suffered from the Great East Japan Earthquake and the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The report also covers the activities for the recovery of J-PARC and the environmental monitoring of radioactivity from the accident. (author)

Annual report for FY 2011 on the activities of radiation safety in J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

This annual report describes the activities of radiation safety of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) for FY 2011. The activities described are radiation protection in workplaces, environmental monitoring, individual monitoring, maintenance of monitoring instruments, and the technological developments of radiation protection. Occupational exposures have not exceeded the prescribed dose limit. No effluent releases were recorded exceeding the prescribed limits on the amount and concentration of radioactivity for gaseous release and liquid waste. J-PARC was suffered from the Great East Japan Earthquake and the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The report also covers the activities for the recovery of J-PARC and the environmental monitoring of radioactivity from the accident. (author)

J-PARC annual report 2010

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2012-01-15

During the 2010 fiscal year covered by this third Annual Report of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), the proton beam power was successfully ramped up to 200 kW and 145 kW at 3 GeV (RCS) and 50 GeV (MR), respectively. The neutron, muon, hadron and neutrino experimental facilities all operated very smoothly and with many contented users until the 11th of March 2011 at the very end of FY 2010. (J.P.N.)

Perculiarities of the toxicity and radioprotective activity of aminopropyl aminoethyl thiophosphate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terekhov, A.V.; Besedina, L.N.; Zherebchenko, P.G.; Znamenskij, V.V.; Suslikov, V.I.; Titov, B.A.

1976-01-01

Toxicity and radioprotective activity of aminopropyl aminoethyl thiophosphate (APAETP) has been compared to those of cystaphos. APAETP has been shown to exceed cystaphos slightly by the value of the radioprotective effect but it is inferior to the latter in the duration of the action after intraperitoneal administration. APAETP, used in toxic doses, does not cause spastic reactions in animals. The range of radioprotective effect of APAETP is almost twice as high as that of cystaphos. Both APAETP and cystaphos have a pronounced radioprotective action not only at high (355 R/min) but also at comparatively low (10.7 R/min) dose-rates of γ-radiation

Incoherences of Brazilian labour laws face to present radioprotection concepts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borges, J.C.

1996-01-01

The Brazilian labour legislation establishes, since 1950, some privileges for people working in activities which imply exposure to ionizing radiations. Comparing the present legal framework with technical radioprotection knowledge, one can detect several incoherences covering: classification of such activities; additional payments; reduced labour journey; more vacations; medical surveillance; early retirements; special norms for women. An analysis of these incoherences lead us to propose a new frame of labour rights and radioprotection norms, coupling Brazilian juridical principles and modern radioprotection knowledge. (author)

Current topics and perspectives in the field of radioprotective compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sentenac-Roumanou, H.; Fatome, M.

1978-01-01

Since discovery, between 1951 and 1955, of the classical radioprotective agents cysteamine, serotonin and A.E.T., synthesis of more active molecules, long acting polymers and compounds active when orally administered, have been performed, especially during the last decade. On the other hand, extensive investigations on mechanism of action of radioprotective agents and particularly discovery of the essential role displayed by protection of the central nervous system of mammals allowed a marked improvement of concepts in the field of chemical radioprotection [fr

Investigation of the mechanism of radioprotective action of adrenoceptor agonists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kulinskij, V.I.; Klimova, A.D.; Yashunskij, V.G.; Alpatova, T.V.; 4205700SU)

1986-01-01

α-Adrenoceptor agonists of both main groups, i.e. arylalkylamines and imidazolines, have a pronounced radioprotective effect. Their chemical analogs, which fail to stimulate α-adrenoceptors, do not protect mice. The effect of phenylephrine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline comes into play via α 1 -adrenoceptors and that of clonidine, via α 2 -adrenoceptors and also via α 1 -adrenoceptors. Adrenoceptor agonists can probably manifest their radioprotective action via both subtypes of α-adrenoceptors. Possible intracellular mechanisms of the radioprotective action are discussed

Performance test of the prototype-unit for J-PARC machine protection system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakaki, Hironao; Nakamura, Naoki; Takahashi, Hiroki; Yoshikawa, Hiroshi

2004-03-01

In High Intensity Proton Accelerator Project (J-PARC), the high-power proton beam is accelerated. If the beam in J-PARC is not stopped at a few micro seconds or less, the fatal thermal shock destruction is caused on the surface of accelerating structure, because of the high-power proton beam. To avoid the thermal shock damage, we designed the high-speed machine protection system. And, the prototype unit for the system was produced. This report shows the result of its performance test. (author)

J-PARC and the prospective neutron sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

J-PARC is an interdisciplinary facility with high power proton accelerator complex to be completed by 2008 (figure 1). Materials-Life Science Facility (MLF) will be a very intensive pulsed neutron and muon facility at 1 MW of the accelerated proton power. The neutron peak flux will be as high as several hundred times of ...

Gestion durable du paysage

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jean-David Gerber

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Le paysage est de plus en plus perçu comme une ressource. À ce titre, il est nécessaire de trouver des instruments juridiques, politiques ou économiques susceptibles de gérer cette « ressource-paysage » sur le long terme. Le gouvernement suisse a introduit récemment l’instrument des parcs naturels régionaux, organisés selon le modèle français, dans sa législation de protection de la nature et du paysage. Une mise en regard des nouveaux parcs avec des structures de gestion beaucoup plus anciennes, les bourgeoisies et les corporations, permet de mettre en évidence les forces et les faiblesses de chacun de ces instruments dans leur contribution à résoudre les rivalités d’usage entre acteurs utilisant ou influençant la ressource paysage. Cette comparaison permet de formuler des recommandations pratiques concernant la gestion de cette ressource.The landscape is increasingly perceived as a resource. For this reason, it is necessary to find legal, political and economic instruments that will succeed in managing this “resource landscape” in the long term. The Swiss government recently introduced the instrument of regional nature parks into the legislation governing nature and landscape preservation; the proposed parks are organized on the basis of the French model. The examination of the new parks from the perspective of much older management structures, i.e. the civic municipalities (bourgeoisies and corporations, makes it possible to demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of each of these instruments in their contribution to the resolution of use rivalries between actors who use or influence the resource landscape. This comparison also enables the formulation of practical recommendations regarding the management of this resource.

Design Concept for the Microwave Interrogation Structure in PARCS

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Dick, G. J; Klipstein, W. M; Heavner, T. P; Jefferts, S. R

2002-01-01

In this paper we will describe key aspects of the conceptual design of the microwave interrogation structure in the laser-cooled cesium frequency standard that is part of the Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space (PARCS) experiment...

J-PARC project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nagamiya, Shoji

2004-01-01

From Japanese fiscal year JFY01, which started on April 1, 2001, a new accelerator project to provide high-intensity proton beams proceeded into its construction phase. This project, which is now called the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) project, is conducted under a cooperation of two institutions, KEK and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institution. We set a goal to achieve 1 MW proton beams at 3 GeV and 0.75 MW beams at 50 GeV. The project will be completed within six years, with the anticipated first beams in the spring of 2007. In this article I will describe (a) the project itself, (b) sciences to be pursued at this new accelerator complex and (c) the present status and future plans of the project

Interventional techniques in medicine and radioprotection; Les techniques interventionnelles en medecine et radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Le Guen, B.; Bar, O.; Benderitter, M.; Bourguignon, M.; Chevillard, S.; Gauron, Ch.; Lallemand, J.; Lombard, J.; Maccia, C.; Sapoval, M.; Bernier, M.O.; Pirard, Ph.; Jacob, S.; Donadille, L.; Aubert, B.; Clairand, I.; Mozziconacci, J.G.; Brot, A.M.; Jarrige, V.; Huet, Ch.; Marchal, C.; Martin, M.; Bar, O.; Degrange, J.P.; Livarek, B.; Menechal, Ph.; Sapoval, M.; Pellerin, O.

2009-07-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during this conference day. Nineteen presentations are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - Interventional radiology: why is it developing? (M. Sapoval); 2 - exposure particularities in interventional radiology (O. Bar); 3 - doses received by organs in interventional cardiology (C. Maccia); 4 - Patients exposure: description of cumulated exposure of patients treated in interventional cardiology (M.O. Bernier); 5 - 2004 inquiry to dermatologists about post-interventional radiology radio-dermatitis (P. Pirard); 6 - exposure and risks to operators (S. Jacob); 7 - dosimetric evaluation techniques and results about interventional imaging operators' extremities (L. Donadille and F. Merat); 8 - bibliographic study of doses received by operators with non-protected organs (B. Aubert); 9 - ORAMED European project: optimization of operational dosimeter uses in interventional radiology (I. Clairand); 10 - reference levels and dosimetric evaluation of patients (C. Maccia); 11 - optimization in coronary angioplasty (J.G. Mozziconacci, A.M. Brot and V. Jarrige); 12 - dosimetry in medical over-exposure situation (C. Huet); 13 - significant radioprotection events in interventional radiology declared to the Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) - status and experience feedback (C. Marchal); 14 - interventional radiology and unwanted effects (M. Benderitter); 15 - global analyses and new exposure indicators in human epidermis cells (M. Martin); 16 - radioprotection regulations and training (O. Bar); 17 - zoning and workplace analysis in interventional cardiology (J.P. Degrange); 18 - guide of good clinical practices: example of interventional cardiology (B. Livarek); 19 - how to encourage the radioprotection optimization in interventional radiology: the ASN's point of view (P. Menechal). (J.S.)

Investigation of radioprotective properties of synthetic antagonist of glucocorticoids RU 38 486

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sejliev, A.A.; Zvonareva, N.B.; Zhivotovskij, B.D.; Khanson, K.P.; Akademiya Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Leningrad

1992-01-01

Radioprotective properties of synthetic antiglucocorticoid RU 38 486 were investigated. It was demonstrated that this antigonist of glucocorticoids possesses radioprotective effect in vitro and in vivo systems. Radioprotective properties at molecular level exhibited in inhibition of postirradiation endonuclease activation and in prevention of internucleosome chromatin degradation. Involvement of cytosol glucocorticoid receptors in initiation of radiation-induced programmed cell death is discussed

Radioprotection et ingénierie nucléaire

CERN Document Server

2006-01-01

Le développement de l'énergie nucléaire repose sur deux piliers essentiels : la sûreté nucléaire, qui concerne la machine, et la radioprotection, qui se préoccupe des hommes. Construit de manière fiable, un réacteur nucléaire se doit d'irradier le moins possible ses opérateurs et conduire à un impact très faible pour les populations avoisinantes. Tout cela est soumis à des règles strictes, élaborées au niveau international, et qui ne tolèrent aucun écart. Les ingénieurs qui ont à concevoir, construire et conduire ces machines doivent maîtriser les règles de protection : cet ouvrage leur est destiné. La radioprotection, si elle se fonde principalement sur des bases scientifiques, intègre également une dimension sociétale exigeante. Ces activités sont en effet sous le regard critique et permanent de nos concitoyens, qui exigent des acteurs de cette industrie une maîtrise totale de la radioprotection ; un ingénieur qui ne connaîtrait pas la genèse de la radioprotection, ses règle...

Immunomodulators used in contemporary radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lambov, V.

1993-01-01

A review is presented of the potentialities of immunomodulation - a new modern alternative trend in the field of radioprotective substances. The main advantages of the drugs assigned as 'biological-response modifying factors', or 'immunomodulators', over the chemically synthesized radioprotectors for prophylaxis of fractionated, prolonged and chronic low-dose irradiations are stressed. The mechanism of the indirect radiation protection of such preparations on hemopoietic level is described, as well as their chemical nature, pharmacokinetics and physiological properties. Special attention is paid to polysaccharides as the most perspective immunomodulators. The mechanism of their radioprotective action on mononuclear-macrophageal cell system is discussed. The most popular immunomodulators as Biostin, Azimexone, Imuthiol, Krestin, Lentinan, etc, are characterized by their origin, biochemical nature, affected cells and optimal doses. 2 tabs., 18 refs. (orig.)

Hypernuclear and strangeness physics program at J-PARC

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Abstract. The inauguration ceremony of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Com- plex (J-PARC) was held on 6 July 2009, celebrating the completion of its construction. Now, the beam commissioning of the 50-GeV main proton synchrotron is in progress to improve the beam intensity and quality. Many important ...

Potentiation of the protective effect of S-containing radioprotective agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vladimirov, V.G.; Zajtseva, T.G.; Smirnova, S.M.

1981-01-01

A study was made of the radioprotective efficiency and toxicity of mixtures containing cystamine or aminopropyl aminoethylthiophosphoric acid and one of the thiourea derivatives (gutimine or ethyrone). It was shown that these preparations delivered in a combination enhance the radioprotective effect while the toxicity was decreased [ru

Proceedings of the 9. meeting of radioprotection skill persons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lahaye, Thierry; Vallet, Jeremie; Michel, Nicolas; Saad, Nawal; Benzakri, Adil; Gauron, C.; Prevot, Sylviane; Vrigneaud, Jean-Marc; Mahu, Marjolaine; Tenailleau, Lionel; Pigree, G.; Lemarchand, M.; Barbey, P.; Hery, Michel; Scanff, Pascale; Reuter, Celine; Hoorelbeke, Agnes; Lefaure, Christian; Entine, F.; Dody, C.; Gagna, G.; Michel, X.; Cazoulat, A.; Amabile, J.C.; Winizuk, E.; Baccialone, J.; Renault, Catherine; Rodde, Sylvie; Rousse, Carole; Delisle, Sophie; Karmouche, Kaouthar; Moyon, Jean-Baptiste; Gabrillargues, Jean; Chabert, Emmanuel; Jean, Betty; Guersen, Joel; Boyer, Louis; Cassagnes, Lucie; Rosec, Maeva; Rehel, Jean-Luc; Celier, David; Etard, Cecile; Bassinet, Celine; Coutin, Frederic; Clauss, Nicolas; Mertz, L.; Gangi, Afshjn; Bing, F.; Garnon, J.; Thenint, M.A.; Enescu, I.; Tsoumakidou, G.; Cortet, Laetitia; Quirins, Charles; Craveiro, Nathalie; Philippe, SANS; Giordan, Denis; Chanal, Sandrine; Cojan, Aurelie; Rigaud, Sylvie; Monsanglant-Louvet, Celine; Osmond, Melanie; Jeanjacques, Caroline; Sevestre, Bernard; Barbette, Frederic; Allenet Le Page, Benedicte

2014-11-01

During these 2 days of conference, an update was given regarding: the recent or coming soon French regulatory texts, the advances of 2 softwares used by the French Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) for national inventory of radiation sources and for the monitoring of personnel dosimetry, the reports in progress of working groups (sources, dosimetry), the progress and transposition of the Euratom 2013/59 directive which directly concerns the radioprotection skill persons and which will be enforced in member states by February 6, 2018. Practical aspects and experience feedbacks have been presented by participants as well. This document brings together the available presentations (slides) together with their corresponding abstracts (in French) and dealing with: 1 - Current regulations in radioprotection of workers exposed to ionizing radiations (T. Lahaye); 2 - Changes in the classified facilities nomenclature (J. Vallet); 3 - Transposition works for the 2013/59/Euratom directive dealing with basic radioprotection standards (N. Saad, J. Vallet, T. Lahaye); 4 - 50 years anniversary of the French Society of Radiation Protection (SFRP); 5 - Working group on personnel radiological monitoring: progress of works (P. Barbey); 6 - What about the internal exposure contribution to the efficient dose in nuclear medicine? (S. Prevot); 7 - Environmental monitoring of workplaces subject to tritium exposure risk (L. Tenailleau); 8 - Radon: example of radioprotection skill persons involvement in corrective actions, the case of the university technology institute of Vire - Calvados (G. Pigree); 9 - Unique document, prevention plan: a continuous risk assessment approach (M. Hery); 10 - 2014 evolutions of the SISERI System - first experience feedback (P. Scanff); 11 - Evolution of registration rules for radioactive sources in the national inventory using the SIGIS Internet platform (C. Reuter); 12 - Radioprotection skill person networks, radioprotection actors

Prolonged radioprotective activity of WR-2721 linked to dextran

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moenig, H.; Konermann, G.; Oehlert, W.

1990-01-01

The radioprotective agent WR-2721 was linked to dextran and poly(glutamic acid) respectively, to obtain a prolonged radioprotective ability. Male mice were administered these water soluble polymer conjugates one to 72 hours prior to a whole body irradiation with X-rays. A prolongation of radioprotective efficiency was achieved with two dextran-(WR-2721)-conjugates. For a period of 24 hours between administration, and irradiation dose reduction factors of 1.14±0.04 and 1.10±0.03 respectively were found. After 72 hours, no protective effect was observed. Histopathological investigations of the liver for formation of tumors 200 to 600 days after irradiation seems to indicate that a protective effect is not produced by the dextran-(WR-2721)-conjugats. (orig.) [de

Glucan: mechanisms involved in its radioprotective effect

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patchen, M.L.; D'Alesandro, M.M.; Brook, I.; Blakely, W.F.; MacVittie, T.J.

1987-01-01

It has generally been accepted that most biologically derived agents that are radioprotective in the hemopoietic-syndrome dose range (eg, endotoxin, Bacillus Calmette Guerin, Corynebacterium parvum, etc) exert their beneficial properties by enhancing hemopoietic recovery and hence, by regenerating the host's ability to resist life-threatening opportunistic infections. However, using glucan as a hemopoietic stimulant/radioprotectant, we have demonstrated that host resistance to opportunistic infection is enhanced in these mice even prior to the detection of significant hemopoietic regeneration. This early enhanced resistance to microbial invasion in glucan-treated irradiated mice could be correlated with enhanced and/or prolonged macrophage (but not granulocyte) function. These results suggest that early after irradiation glucan may mediate its radioprotection by enhancing resistance to microbial invasion via mechanisms not necessarily predicated on hemopoietic recovery. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that glucan can also function as an effective free-radical scavenger. Because macrophages have been shown to selectively phagocytize and sequester glucan, the possibility that these specific cells may be protected by virtue of glucan's scavenging ability is also suggested

Analysis of interleukin 1 mediated radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manori, I.; Kushilevsky, A.; Weinstein, Y.

1986-01-01

The potential value of interleukin 1(IL-1) containing supernatants as a radioprotective agent was evaluated. It was found that the response of irradiated thymocytes to mitogens was partially restored if IL-1 containing supernatants was included in the culture medium immediately after irradiation. A delay of 24 h in the addition of IL-1 and mitogen abrogated the radioprotection effect. Under the same conditions IL-2 containing supernatants were effective, suggesting that the dose modifying effect of IL-1 acts through induction of IL-2 elaboration. The results of the present study may be important in cases where it is necessary to restore depressed immune response resulting from irradiation accidents or radiotherapy. (author)

The actual research of radioprotective education on the educational facilities for radiological technologists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miura, Tadashi; Koga, Sukehiko.

1997-01-01

The aim of this study was to grasp the actual conditions of the radioprotective education in the educational facilities for radiological technologists, and to discuss the ideal way of radioprotective education toward the 21st century. For this purpose, we sent out the questionnaire concerning the circumstances of radioprotective education to 38 educational facilities for radiological technologists in Japan, including 6 universities, 15 junior colleges and 15 technical schools. This research was carried out on March, 1997, and the answers were obtained total 34 educational facilities (86.8%) (6 universities, 15 junior colleges and 13 technical schools) in total. Among the educational facilities in Japan, universities were much richer than the other two facilities in every respect on the educational circumstances including number and the quality of teaching staffs, educational institutions and equipment, practical training facilities and equipment, the number of collection of books in the library, etc. In the process of education for radiological technologists, the background to cause problems concerning the radioprotective education was largely dependent on the difference of educational schemes in Japan. From the view point of the elevation of educational standard for radiological technologists, it is better to transfer all educational processes to the universities, and give high and full level of radioprotective education in universities. And in the field of the medical radiology, the radioprotection and the management system should also be strengthened. For this purpose, it is also required to revise the related laws drastically, to strengthen lessons related to the radioprotection and to plan the richness in contents of the radioprotective education. (K.H.)

Synergistic Radioprotection by Gamma-Tocotrienol and Pentoxifylline: Role of cAMP Signaling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kulkarni, Shilpa; Chakraborty, Kushal; Kumar, K. Sree; Kao, Tzu-Cheg; Hauer-Jensen, Martin; Ghosh, Sanchita P.

2013-01-01

Purpose. This study was designed to determine the efficacy and mechanisms of radioprotection by the combination of gamma-tocotrienol (GT3) and pentoxifylline (PTX) against acute radiation injury. Materials and Methods. Post-irradiation survival was monitored to determine the most efficacious dose and time of administration of PTX. Dose reduction factor (DRF) was calculated to compare the radioprotective efficacy of the combination. To determine the mechanism of synergistic radioprotection by the combination, mevalonate or calmodulin were coadministered with the GT3-PTX combination. Mevalonate was used to reverse the inhibitory effect of GT3 on 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), and calmodulin was used to reverse the inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) by PTX. Results. The combination was most effective when 200 mg/kg of PTX was administered 15 min before irradiation along with 200 mg/kg of GT3 (−24 h) and resulted in a DRF of 1.5. White blood cells and neutrophil counts showed accelerated recovery in GT3-PTX-treated groups compared to GT3. Mevalonate had no effect on the radioprotection of GT3-PTX; calmodulin abrogated the synergistic radioprotection by GT3-PTX. Conclusion. The mechanism of radioprotection by GT3-PTX may involve PDE inhibition

Search for Muon to electron conversion at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Collaboration: Chen Wu on behalf of the COMET Collaboration

2016-12-15

This article introduces the search for muon to electron conversion at J-PARC, namely COMET (COherent Muon Electron Transition) experiment, including a brief introduction of its physics motivation, a detailed description of COMET experiment and its staged approach, and an overview of its current status.

Radioprotective preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stefanova, D.; Frattadochi, A.; Gattavecchia, E.; Ferri, E.; Tonnelli, D.

1988-01-01

The invention is intended for radiation injuries prophylaxis in mammals. It has an well expressed radioprotective effect against acute gamma irradiation on cellular level as well as a prolonged action when applied up to 48 hours before the acute irradiation. The preparation is a coprecipitate of the natural tripeptide glutathione (reduced form) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (pvp) in ratio 30-60/70-40. It is obtained by incubation method with subsequent lyophilization from water solution of the initial components. The molecular mass of the pvp is 20 till 360.10 3 . 2 claims

Radioprotection and radar: practical aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pepersack, J.P.

1979-01-01

The author, on basis of his experience in radar-radioprotection, exposes the standard and security norms and recommendations to be applied for the preventive adapation of the work-areas as well as for the follow-up of the exposed workers. (author)

Low Level RF Control System of J-PARC Synchrotrons

CERN Document Server

Tamura, Fumihiko; Ezura, Eizi; Hara, Keigo; Nomura, Masahiro; Ohmori, Chihiro; Schnase, Alexander; Takagi, Akira; Yamamoto, Masanobu; Yoshii, Masahito

2005-01-01

We present the concept and the design of the low level RF (LLRF) control system of the J-PARC synchrotrons. The J-PARC synchrotrons are the rapid cycling 3-GeV synchrotron (RCS) and the 50-GeV main ring (MR) which require very precise and stable LLRF control systems to accelerate the ultra-high proton beam current. The LLRF system of the synchrotron is a full-digital system based on the direct digital synthesis (DDS). The functions of the system are (1) the multi-harmonic RF generation for the acceleration and the longitudinal bunch shaping, (2) the feedbacks for stabilizing the beam, (3) the feedforward for compensating the heavy beam loading, and (4) other miscellaneous functions such as the synchronization and chopper timing. The LLRF system of the RCS is now under construction. We present the details of the system. Also, we show preliminary results of performance tests of the control modules.

Optimization of radioprotection in the nuclear power, industrial and medical domains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kalifa, G.

2002-06-01

These 3. SFRP days are devoted to the optimization of radioprotection in the context of the evolution of the regulation in this domain with the introduction of the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle in the public health regulations. First of all, the optimization of radioprotection is a principle of action aiming at elaborating a practical organization of risk taking based on the responsibility of the different actors and leading to an individual and collective management of the radiological risk. These days are oriented towards practical applications of this optimization and in a lesser extend towards the general radioprotection policies and the technical aspects, in particular the operational dosimetry: 1 - Alara bases and regulation: bases of radioprotection optimization; optimization and Belgium regulation: the contribution of the Royal by-law from July 20, 2001; status of the French regulation; 2 - Alara policies in the nuclear power domain: maintenance of PWR reactor vessels: exploratory approach of a joint safety and radioprotection control by the nuclear safety authority; implementation of the Alara approach at the CEA: status and perspectives; optimization of activities and Alara project at EdF; the file for the intervention in radioactive environment: an Alara tool; 3 - practical applications and experience feedback: optimization in interventional vascular radiology unit; forecast evaluation and personnel exposures optimization in the experiment hall of the laser integration line at CESTA; a French system of radioprotection experience feedback for radiological incidents; the European Alara network: a growing up dialogue and improvement structure; 4 - Alara policies in the medical and first aid services: dosimetry of radiodiagnosis personnel; integration of the radioactive waste management organization to the elimination files of hospital wastes; optimization of patient's radioprotection: a calculation approach of the specific risk by sex

Cytotoxic and radioprotective effects of Podophyllum hexandrum.

Science.gov (United States)

Shukla, Sandeep Kumar; Chaudhary, Pankaj; Prem Kumar, Indracanti; Afrin, Farhat; Puri, Satish Chandra; Qazi, Ghulam Nabi; Sharma, Rakesh Kumar

2006-07-01

Podophyllum hexandrum, a herb thriving in Himalayas has already been reported to exhibit antitumor and radioprotective properties. Present study was undertaken to unravel the possible mechanism responsible for the cytotoxic and radioprotective properties of REC-2001, a fraction isolated from the rhizome of P. hexandrum using murine peritoneal macrophages and plasmid DNA as model systems. Cell death, levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were studied employing trypan blue exclusion assay, dichlorofluorescein diacetate and DNA fragmentation assay, respectively. Superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals and DNA damage were estimated following nitroblue tetrazolium, 2-deoxyribose degradation and plasmid DNA relaxation assays, respectively. Pre-irradiation administration of REC-2001 to peritoneal macrophages in the concentration range of 25-200μg/ml significantly reduced radiation induced ROS generation, DNA damage, apoptosis and cell killing in comparison to radiation control group indicating radioprotective potential. Studies with plasmid DNA indicated the ability of REC-2001 to inhibit 20Gy induced single and double strand breaks further supporting the antioxidative potential. However, REC-2001 in a dose-dependent fashion induced cell death, ROS and DNA fragmentation indicating the cytotoxic nature. REC-2001, in presence of 100μM copper sulfate, generated significant amount of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions indicating ability to act as a pro-oxidant in presence of metal ions. The superoxide anion generation was found to be sensitive to metal chelators like EDTA and deferoxamine mesylate (DFR). These results suggest that the ability of REC-2001 to act as a pro-oxidant in presence of metal ions and antioxidant in presence of free radicals might be responsible for cytotoxic and radioprotective properties.

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

des grandes routes reliant l'Ouest algérien au Maroc et le tell du Sahara, l'a prédisposée à servir de lieu ..... fiscaux rapides, on peut amortir la dépréciation de l'actif plus vite qu'il ne perd réellement ... Kilowattheure, jusqu'à devenir compétitif.

Elevated plasma chemokine CCL18/PARC in beta-thalassemia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dimitriou, E.; Verhoek, M.; Altun, S.; Karabatsos, F.; Moraitou, M.; Youssef, J.; Boot, R.; Sarafidou, J.; Karagiorga, M.; Aerts, H.; Michelakakis, H.

2005-01-01

Plasma CCL18/PARC, a member of the CC chemokine family, has been found to be several ten-fold increased in symptomatic Gaucher type I patients. Elevated plasma chitotriosidase levels are a well-known abnormality in Gaucher patients, however, its diagnostic use is limited by the frequent genetic

Guide for the evaluation of the implementation of radioprotection in an electricity production nuclear centre

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schieber, C.

2005-01-01

This report describes the approach for the evaluation of the implementation of radioprotection in nuclear power plants. This approach encompasses six main themes: radioprotection customization, radioprotection steering quality, professional and contractor commitment, skill and efficiency of the Risk Prevention Department, radioprotection operational management, robustness of the transport system. Each theme comprises sub-themes which are assessed according to 2, 3 or 4 levels, the sum of which giving a mark out of 20 for the theme

PARC (Plutonium Accident Resistant Container) project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Andersen, J.A.

1978-01-01

Response by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to a public law limiting the air transport of plutonium resulted in a new Qualification Criteria and led to the PARC project. The PARC project resulted in the design, development, and certification testing of a crashworthy air transportable radioactive materials package for certification by the NRC. This package, identified by the NRC as the Model PAT-1 Package (PAT = Plutonium Air Transportable), has a mass capacity of 2 kg of PuO 2 and a thermal capacity of 25 watts; the internal volume of the inner containment vessel is 1460 cm 3 ; the package dimensions are 62 cm (24 - 1/2 in.) O.D. x 108 cm (42 - 1/2 in.) length and a mass of 227 kg (500 lbs). The design rationale for very high energy absorption (impact, crush, puncture, and slash protection) with residual high-level fire protection, resulted in a reasonably small air-transportable package, advancing the packaging state-of-the-art. Optimization design interactions were utilized in the areas of impact energy absorption and stress and thermal analysis. Package test results are presented in relation to the containment acceptance criteria of the Qualification Criteria and ANSI N 14.5 leaktight standards and the IAEA Safety Series No. 6 A2 radioactive material release quantities. Acceptability of the pre-accident and post-accident package configuration with respect to shielding and criticality standards are ascertained

Local-regional networks of persons with abilities in radioprotection and other actors in radioprotection. Audit report; Les reseaux loco-regionaux de personnes competentes en radioprotection et autres acteurs de la radioprotection. Rapport d'audit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lefaure, Ch.

2009-03-15

As the regulation requires the existence of persons with abilities in radioprotection (PCR, personnes competentes en radioprotection) in many industrial, medical or research activities where ionizing radiations are present, in order to improve worker protection, these professionals who are much less acknowledged in these sectors than in the nuclear sector, felt the need to gather in regional and sector-based networks. This report proposes a presentation of three existing networks (the APCRAP, the Grand-Ouest network, and the Aquitaine-Sud-Ouest network). For each of them, the report addresses the following aspects: creation, objectives, statutes, members, activities, human, technical and financial resources, role. Then answers to a survey and to interviews are analyzed with respect to the professional sector and to the region, in terms of expectations towards the networks, and in terms of network operation and services. Interviews of institutional actors and union and management representatives are also analysed

Re-use of radio-thermoluminescent LiF without regeneration; Reemploi sans regeneration du LiF radiothermoluminescent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Portal, G; Francois, H; Blanchard, Ph [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

There is at the present time a rapid development of dosimetry techniques using thermoluminescence. Amongst the many substance actually in use, research laboratories generally employ lithium fluoride which is of particular interest for dosing {beta} radiation and low-energy X and {gamma} radiation. It might also be of use in radioprotection if its practical application were simpler. It has in effect unstable traps situated just below the surface which adversely affect the measurements if the material is not regenerated before each operation; this process considerably complicates the carrying out of measurements in the field of radioprotection. We have prepared a lithium fluoride giving unstable peaks which are less pronounced that those of the commercially available product and which can therefore be used without regeneration. In this report we compare the thermoluminescence curves for these two products. An analysis is given of the reasons for which this radio-thermoluminescent product has a stable luminescence curve and can be used almost one hundred times without being regenerated. We show that this quality can be retained when the LiF is used as a filler for teflon for applications in detectors. (authors) [French] On assiste a un developpement rapide des techniques de dosimetrie par thermoluminescence. Parmi les nombreux materiaux actuellement utilises, les laboratoires de recherche font generalement porter leur preference sur le fluorure de lithium qui est particulierement interessant pour la dosimetrie des rayonnements {beta} et des rayonnements X et {gamma} de faible energie. Ses qualites seraient egalement appreciees en radioprotection si sa mise en oeuvre etait plus simple. Il presente en effet des pieges instables situes a une faible profondeur qui alterent les mesures si l'on ne procede pas, avant chaque utilisation, a la regeneration du materiau, operation qui alourdit considerablement les mesures pratiquees en radioprotection. Nous avons prepare un

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

Serveurs Radius : Cisco, Funk, HP, FreeRADIUS (open source) [17], Meetinghouse,. Microsoft (IAS). Aussi, grâce aux certificats (générés au niveau du serveur radius), le serveur sait quels sont les clients autorisés à se connecter au réseau et quelles sont les ressources auxquelles ceux-ci ont droit. Il devient donc difficile ...

From fundamental limits to radioprotection practice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henry, P.; Chassany, J.

1980-01-01

The individual dose limits fixed by present French legislation for different categories of people refer to dose equivalents received by or delivered to the whole body or to certain tissues or organs over given periods of time. The values concerning personnel engaged directly in work under radiations are summed up in a table. These are the limits which radioprotection authorities must impose, while ensuring that exposure levels are kept as low as possible. With the means available in practical radioprotection it is not possible to measure dose equivalents directly, but information may be obtained on dose rates, absorbed doses, particle fluxes, activities per unit volume and per surface area. An interpretation of these measurements is necessary if an efficient supervision of worker exposure is to be achieved [fr

Phyto chemical and biological studies of certain plants with potential radioprotective activity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sherif, N.H.M.I

2008-01-01

One of the promising directions of radiation protection development is the search for natural radioprotective agents.The present work includes: I- Screening of certain edible and medicinal plants growing in Egypt for their radioprotective activities. II- Detailed phyto chemical and biolo-activity studies of the dried leaves of brassaia actinophylla endl. comprising: A-Phyto chemical screening and proximate analysis. B-Investigation of lipoidal matter. C- Isolation, characterization and structure elucidation of phenolic constituents. D- Isolation, characterization and structure elucidation of saponin constituents. E- Evaluation of radioprotective and antitumor activities. I- Evaluation of potential radioprotective activities of certain herbs: In vivo biological screening designed to investigate the radioprotective role of 70% ethanol extract of 11 different herbals was carried out by measuring the lipid peroxide content, as well as the activities of two antioxidant enzymes; viz glutathione, and superoxide dismutase in blood and liver tissues 1 and 7 days after radiation exposure. II : Phyto chemical and biolo-activity studies of the dried leaves of brassaia actinophylla Endl A : preliminary phyto chemical screening, determination and TLC examination of successive extractives. B : Investigation of lipoidal matter. GLC of unsaponifiable matter (USM)

Mechanisms of radioprotection - a review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Copeland, E.S.

1978-01-01

Theories of radiation protection can be considered at both the molecular and biochemical-physiological levels. Four molecular level protection hypotheses, radical scavenging, hydrogen transfer reactions, the mixed disulfide hypothesis and the endogenous non-protein sulfhydryl hypothesis, probably describe different aspects of the actual protection mechanism, although each has inconsistencies. At the biochemical-physiological level, hypothermia induction and biochemical shock may be involved in protection of the organism against radiation induced damage and death. It is most likely that no single mechanism can account for the protection offered by a radioprotective drug. Certain compounds may operate primarily by means of physiological effects resulting in hypoxia or hypothermia in critical tissues. Others may operate primarily by influencing the intrinsic radiosensitivity of target molecules by causing localized radical scavenging or by donating a hydrogen atom. Metabolic effects such as biochemical shock, release of endogenous non-protein sulfhydryls, induction of structural changes in target molecules or delay in DNA synthesis and cell division are also possible mechanisms for radioprotection. (author)

Design and construction of the microalgal pilot facility AlgaePARC

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bosma, R.; Vree, de J.H.; Slegers, P.M.; Janssen, M.G.J.; Wijffels, R.H.; Barbosa, M.J.

2014-01-01

Microalgae gained much interest from industry as promising sustainable feedstock for the production of food, feed, bulk chemicals, and biofuels. Pilot scale research on microalgae is needed to bridge the gap between laboratory scale research and commercial applications. The AlgaePARC (Algae

High fidelity analysis of BWR fuel assembly with COBRA-TF/PARCS and trace codes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abarca, A.; Miro, R.; Barrachina, T.; Verdu, G.; Soler, A.

2013-01-01

The growing importance of detailed reactor core and fuel assembly description for light water reactors (LWRs) as well as the sub-channel safety analysis requires high fidelity models and coupled neutronic/thermalhydraulic codes. Hand in hand with advances in the computer technology, the nuclear safety analysis is beginning to use a more detailed thermal hydraulics and neutronics. Previously, a PWR core and a 16 by 16 fuel assembly models were developed to test and validate our COBRA-TF/PARCS v2.7 (CTF/PARCS) coupled code. In this work, a comparison of the modeling and simulation advantages and disadvantages of modern 10 by 10 BWR fuel assembly with CTF/PARCS and TRACE codes has been done. The objective of the comparison is making known the main advantages of using the sub-channel codes to perform high resolution nuclear safety analysis. The sub-channel codes, like CTF, permits obtain accurate predictions, in two flow regime, of the thermalhydraulic parameters important to safety with high local resolution. The modeled BWR fuel assembly has 91 fuel rods (81 full length and 10 partial length fuel rods) and a big square central water rod. This assembly has been modeled with high level of detail with CTF code and using the BWR modeling parameters provided by TRACE. The same neutronic PARCS's model has been used for the simulation with both codes. To compare the codes a coupled steady state has be performed. (author)

Approach to a very high intensity beam at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yamazaki, Y.

2007-01-01

The high-intensity, high-energy proton accelerator project, J-PARC, comprises the 400-MeV proton linac, the 3-GeV, 1-MW Rapid-Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) and the 50-GeV Marin Ring (MR) Synchrotron. The secondary particles such as neutrons, muons, Kaons, neutrinos and so forth will be fully made use of for materials science, life science, nuclear physics, and particle physics. Even the industrial use of the neutrons and the nuclear energy application are incorporated in the project. The rationale for choosing the accelerator schemes are presented together with the present status of the project and research and development for the high-intensity, high-energy proton accelerators J-PARC. The development of the high-field gradient RF cavity system making use of the magnetic alloy (MA), which is really necessary for the future development of the high-power proton accelerators, is reported in detail. (author)

Analysis of gyrA and parC mutations in enterococci from environmental samples with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, A.; Jensen, Lars Bogø

2004-01-01

The quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA and parC in four species of enterococci from environmental samples with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were sequenced. The nucleotide sequence variations of parC could be related to the different enterococcal species. Mutations...... in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium related to reduced susceptibility were identical to mutations detected in E jaecalis and E. faecium of clinical origin. A minimal inhibitory concentration of 8 mug ml(-1) to ciprofloxacin was not associated with any mutations in the gyrA and parC gene...... of Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum. These two species may be intrinsically less susceptible to ciprofloxacin....

Code Development in Coupled PARCS/RELAP5 for Supercritical Water Reactor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Po Hu

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The new capability is added to the existing coupled code package PARCS/RELAP5, in order to analyze SCWR design under supercritical pressure with the separated water coolant and moderator channels. This expansion is carried out on both codes. In PARCS, modification is focused on extending the water property tables to supercritical pressure, modifying the variable mapping input file and related code module for processing thermal-hydraulic information from separated coolant/moderator channels, and modifying neutronics feedback module to deal with the separated coolant/moderator channels. In RELAP5, modification is focused on incorporating more accurate water properties near SCWR operation/transient pressure and temperature in the code. Confirming tests of the modifications is presented and the major analyzing results from the extended codes package are summarized.

Peculiarities of the radioprotective effect of antioxidants during gamma irradiation of wheat seeds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Babaev, U.Sh.

1988-01-01

Bioantioxidant radioprotective action mechanism was studied using wheat seeds. Cobalt-60 was used as radiation source, phenosane potassium salt in aqueous solution in 0.1 and 0.25% concentrations possessing the maximum radioprotective effect - as an antioxidant. Dry seeds irradiated with 100 Gy dose were treated with fresh antioxidant solutions during 20 hours with 0.2, 4.6 an 8 hour interval at room temperature. The number of cells with aberrations at the anaphase stage in the main root apical meristem were counted in germinated seeds. A high radioprotective effect of phenosane antioxidant which represents space-complicated phenols is ascertained. Radioprotective effect is dependent on time interval between seed irradaition and germination and is maximal when this time makes up 4-8 hours

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

Contrôle du convertisseur monophasé par réseau de neurones ... pour Tc=T1. Le contrôle de cette puissance n'est donc possible que pour des puissances moyennes comprises entre ces deux valeurs limites. 2-2. Modélisation interne ..... performances de la commande numérique non linéaire utilisée en présentant le cas ...

The importance of radioprotection controls in nuclear medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahyun, A.; Sanches, M.P.; Sordi, G.M.A.A.

1994-01-01

In nuclear medicine the main objective of radioprotection controls is to protect three people groups from external and internal radiation. To obtain this goal, the dose limitation system has to be followed firmly and for that, basic procedures have to be introduced. These basic procedures are the result of several activities which have to be balanced, one against the other to be effective. The aims of radioprotection are to ensure that people are not exposed to doses enough to cause radiation symptoms and to limit the doses of radiation. This is achieved by the use of shielding, containment, careful design and operating and administrative procedures. This paper presents a small list of general radioprotection problems found in nuclear medicine and establishes some rules to the job schedule and control measures to be followed in favor of safety. By considering the general radioprotection problems, a number of factors of substantial relevance in the control of external and internal doses can be deduced and emphasis properly placed. Work with radioactive material should be concentrated on a limited number of work rooms. Good radioactive materials inventory are essential because of the potentially large diversity of material and users. Storage of radioactive materials ensure that the public is not unnecessarily exposed. Appropriate monitoring equipment should be available within each working site. Line management commitment to safety has led to a heightened awareness for those control measures which encourages individuals to review and improve their own work rules. Investment in training programs, plant modifications and written procedures provide the necessary resource to support the dose reduction initiatives

Studies of the QCD Phase Diagram with Heavy-Ion Collisions at J-PARC

Science.gov (United States)

Sako, Hiroyuki

To clarify phase structures in the QCD phase diagram is an ultimate goal of heavy-ion collision experiments. Studies of internal structures of neutron stars are also one of the most important topics of nuclear physics since the discovery of neutron stars with two-solar mass. For these physics goals, J-PARC heavy-ion project (J-PARC-HI) has been proposed, where extremely dense matter with 5-10 times the normal nuclear density will be created. Heavy-ion beams up to Uranium will be accelerated to 1-19 AGeV/c, with the designed world's highest beam rate of 1011 Hz. The acceleration of such high-rate beams can be realized by a new heavy-ion linac and a new booster ring, in addition to the existing 3-GeV and 50-GeV proton synchrotrons. To study the above physics goals, following physics observables will be measured in extremely high statistics expected in J-PARC-HI. To search for the critical point, high-order event-by-event fluctuations of conserved charges such as a net-baryon number, an electric charge number, and a strangeness number will be measured. To study the chiral symmetry restoration, dilepton spectra from light vector meson decays will be measured. Also, collective flows, particle correlations will be measured to study the equation of state and hyperon-hyperon and hyperon-nucleon interactions related to neutron stars. Strange quark matter (strangelet) and multi-strangeness hypernuclei will be searched for which may be related directly to the matter constituting the neutron star core. In this work, the physics goals, the experimental design, and expected physics results of J-PARC-HI will be discussed.

A comparative study of radioprotective effect of several antioxidants on human blood lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Mingsuo; Zhu Gengbai; Gu Xuandi

1992-01-01

By means of improved fluorometric method with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) as the fluorometric agent, radioprotective effects of four kinds of antioxidants on 60 Co γ-ray induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, i.e. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content changes in human blood lymphocytes were in human blood lymphocytes were compared by using relative protective efficiency (RPE) as an indicator. The LPO level in human lymphocytes which had been treated with an antioxidant at an concentration of 5 x 10 -3 g/L for 1 hr was measured 2 hr after exposure to 4 Gy of γ-rays, and the RPE values of antioxidants were calculated under these conditions: SOD, 38.23; VE, 23.75:VC, 19.32 and Se +4 , 18.27, thus the anticipation that the compounds, superoxide dismutase (SOD), 2-tocopherols (VE), ascorbic acid (VC) and Na 2 SeO 3 (Se +4 ) had radioprotective effects was confirmed. It was found that the radioprotective beneficial sequences of four kinds of antioxidants were arranged as SOD>VE>VC,Se +4 . The results show that radioprotective effects of exogenous antioxidants on radiation induced LPO damage are dependent not only on irradiation dosage, but also especially on property of antioxidants, drug concentration, pretreatment and monitoring time, etc. The mechanism of these antioxidants effecting as radioprotectants on human lymphocytes is discussed in connection with LPO damage and radioprotection

Reduced bone marrow pO2 following treatment with radioprotective drugs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allalunis-Turner, M.J.

1990-01-01

The sensitizer adduct technique [(3H]misonidazole binding) was used to assess the extent of murine bone marrow hypoxia following treatment with a variety of radioprotectors. The binding rates previously determined in vivo were compared to those obtained by incubating marrow cells in atmospheres of varying oxygen content. Parallel experiments demonstrated that the oxygen dependence of [3H]misonidazole binding (Km approximately 0.15% oxygen) was similar to the oxygen dependence of marrow radiosensitivity (Km approximately 0.2% oxygen). Maximally radioprotective doses of several drugs have been shown to increase the binding of [3H]misonidazole significantly in vivo. A comparison to the in vitro binding rates suggests that the average oxygen concentration in the marrow at times associated with radioprotection was on the order of 0.5 to 0.8% oxygen. The relative importance of marrow hypoxia to the overall radioprotective effects of different drugs may vary considerably. However, these results have demonstrated that certain radioprotective drugs can induce marrow hypoxia and this reduced pO2 may contribute to the efficacy of these agents

Local-regional networks of persons with abilities in radioprotection and other actors in radioprotection. Audit report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lefaure, Ch.

2009-03-01

As the regulation requires the existence of persons with abilities in radioprotection (PCR, personnes competentes en radioprotection) in many industrial, medical or research activities where ionizing radiations are present, in order to improve worker protection, these professionals who are much less acknowledged in these sectors than in the nuclear sector, felt the need to gather in regional and sector-based networks. This report proposes a presentation of three existing networks (the APCRAP, the Grand-Ouest network, and the Aquitaine-Sud-Ouest network). For each of them, the report addresses the following aspects: creation, objectives, statutes, members, activities, human, technical and financial resources, role. Then answers to a survey and to interviews are analyzed with respect to the professional sector and to the region, in terms of expectations towards the networks, and in terms of network operation and services. Interviews of institutional actors and union and management representatives are also analysed

Radioprotective effects of a preparation (HemoHIM) of a herb mixture

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jo, Sung Kee; Park, Hae Ran; Jung, U Hee; Jeong, Ill Yun; Byun, Myung Woo [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Sung Ho [Chonnam National University, Kwangju (Korea, Republic of); Yee, Sung Tae [Sunchon National University, Sunchon (Korea, Republic of)

2004-07-01

The proliferation of radioactive materials in industry, medicine, scientific and medical research, the military, and as a source of energy has increased the likelihood of an accidental exposure to ionizing radiation. Synthetic radioprotective agents have been studied for decades but their application was limited due to their toxicity. Thus, the radioprotective agent to protect individuals against severe radiation damage is required. A preparation (HemoHIM) of a mixture of 3 edible herbs was designed to protect the gastrointestine and hematopoietic organs and to promote recovery of the immune system against radiation damage. In this study, we evaluated its radioprotective effects with regards to reduction of DNA damage, immune cell repopulation, intestinal crypt survival, and 30-day survival rate.

Radioprotective effect of flavonoid quercetin on human lymphocytic cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siqueira, Williams N.; Melo, Larissa S.A.; Lima, Maíra V.; Luna Filho, Ricardo L.C.; Melo, Ana M.M.A.; Silva, Edvane B.

2017-01-01

Several substances of synthetic and natural origin have been studied in relation to their ability to protect the body from damage caused by ionizing radiation. Among these substances, quercetin has been shown to be a molecule of natural origin with high radioprotective potential due to its antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to determine, in vitro, the radioprotective effect of quercetin on human lymphocytes exposed to gamma radiation. Blood was irradiated at the 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 Gy doses and then lymphocyte culture with quercetin at preselected concentrations of 37.5 and 75 μM. Subsequently, slides were prepared for analysis and quantification of the metaphases present in lymphocyte cells. The results demonstrated that irradiated lymphocytes and later exposed to quercetin presented a lower number of chromosomal alterations compared to the control group which was irradiated and not exposed to quercetin. Therefore, the results suggest a radioprotective effect of flavonoid quercetin on human lymphocytes exposed, in vitro, to ionizing radiation

Application of modified REFIT code for J-PARC/MLF to evaluation of neutron capture cross section on 155,157Gd

Science.gov (United States)

Mizuyama, Kazuhito; Iwamoto, Nobuyuki; Iwamoto, Osamu; Hasemi, Hiroyuki; Kino, Koichi; Kimura, Atsushi; Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki

2017-09-01

In order to analyze the experimental data measured by the Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction Measurement Instrument (ANNRI) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex/Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (J-PARC/MLF), it is necessary to take into account the double-bunch structure of the neutron pulse and the energy resolution function for the operational condition of the J-PARC/MLF. The modified REFIT code has been developed to treat the double-bunch neutron pulse and the energy resolution function for J-PARC/MLF. In this study, we applied the modified REFIT code to analyze the new data of the neutron capture cross section of 155Gd and 157Gd recently measured by ANNRI in the J-PARC/MLF, and obtained the resonance parameters of two Gd isotopes. We discussed the differences between the our obtained results and the other libraries.

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

Résumé. L'analyse globale de la croissance de trois espèces d'algues rouges ; Hypnea musciformis, Gracilaria multipartita et Gelidium sesquipedale a été entreprise dans le but de déterminer la variabilité interspécifique au sein du même milieu naturel. Le site étudié est la plage de Mehdia située au nord de la côte ...

Caractérisation des peuplements ligneux des parcs à Faidherbia ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SARAH

31 oct. 2015 ... Objectif : cette étude vise à caractériser les peuplements ligneux des parcs à Faidherbia albida .... domaine Sud-Sahélien Central dominé par les ... caractériser le climat. ..... Surface terrière (St) : La surface terrière globale ou.

Meta-analysis of dragon’s blood resin extract as radio-protective agent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Subaika Mahmood

2017-09-01

Full Text Available In health sciences, much efforts had been made in past years to explore the radio-protective agents from natural resources due to rapid exposure of radiations to environment such as space traveling, radiotherapy and largely growing telecommunication industry. It becomes crucial to find natural sources for radio-protection. In correspondence, dragon’s blood (DB is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant that possesses great medicinal values due to the presence of several phenolic compounds. For a long time, DB has been used in treatment of blood stasis, inflammation, oxidative stress, immune suppression and tumors, but recently it has been extensively used as radio-protective agent. There is no comprehensive review on radio- protective characterization of DB resin extract in literature. In our review, an attempt has been made to highlight unique and inherent radio-protection in liver, brain, kidney, lung, spleen and cerebrum. This review will help people in exploring the radioactive protectants from natural resources.

Radioprotection optimization in the electronuclear, industrial and medical domains; Optimisation de la radioprotection dans les domaines electronucleaire, industriel et medical

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schieber, C.; Abela, G.; Ammerich, M.; Balduyck, S.; Batalla, A.; Drouet, F.; Fracas, P.; Gauron, Ch.; Le Guen, B.; Lombard, J.; Mougnard, Ph.; Murith, Ch.; Rannou, A.; Rodde, S.; Selva, M.; Tranchant, Ph.; Schieber, C.; Solaire, T.; Le Tonqueze, Y.; Jolivet, P.; Chauveau, D.; Mathevet, L.; Juhel, T.; Mertz, L.; Bochud, F.O.; Desmaris, G.; Turquet de Beauregard, G.; Roy, C.; Delacroix, S.; Sevilla, A.; Rehel, J.L.; Bernhard, S.; Palut-Laurent, O.; Lochard, J.; Lebaron-Jacobs, L.; Wack, G.; Barange, K.; Delabre, H.

2011-07-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during these conference days. Thirty one presentations are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - implementation of the ALARA principle in the nuclear, industrial and medical domains: status and challenges (C. Schieber); 2 - image quality and scanner irradiation: what ingredients to chose? (T. Solaire); 3 - radioprotection stakes and implementation of the ALARA approach during the IFMIF design (Y. Le Tonqueze); 4 - ALARA at the design stage of the EPR (P. Jolivet); 5 - alternative techniques to iridium 192 gamma-graphy for welds control: results and recommendations from the ALTER-X project (D. Chauveau); 6 - alternative techniques to ionizing radiations use in the medical domain: implementation of navigation strategies (L. Mathevet); 7 - justification of ionizing radiations use in non-medical imaging: overview of the French situation and perspectives status (S. Rodde); 8 - ISOE: task scheduling for radioprotection optimization in nuclear power plants (G. Abela); 9 - Practices and ALARA prospects among big nuclear operators (T. Juhel); 10 - experience feedback on the use of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in diagnostic imaging optimization (L. Mertz); 11 - DRLs: Swiss strategy and concept limits (F.O. Bochud); 12 - external dosimetry tools: the existing, the developing and the remaining problems (A. Rannou); 13 - is the optimization principle applicable to the aircraft personnel's exposure to cosmic radiation? (G. Desmaris); 14-15 - experience feedback of the ALARA approach concerning an operation with strong dosimetric stakes (P. Mougnard and N. Fontaine); 16 - optimization of reactor pool decontaminations ((P. Tranchant); 17 - radiopharmaceuticals transport - ALARA principle related stakes (G. Turquet de Beauregard); 18 - ALARA in vet radio-diagnosis activity: good practices guide (C. Roy); 19 - implementation of the ALARA approach at the Proton-therapy centre of Orsay's Curie

Radioprotective effectiveness of Adeturone incapsulated in liposomes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pantev, T.

1989-01-01

The radioprotective properties of the radioprotector Adeturone incapsulated in mono- and tricomponent liposomes were studied. Intraperitoneal administration of the radioprotector by means of monocomponent liposomes from egg lecithin, as well as its applicaton alone immediately (15-30 min) before irradiation of mice with 7,5 Gy gamma-quanta (LD 100/30 ) guaranteed high survival -80% and 75% accordingly. Orally introduced Adeturone, incapsulated in tricomponent liposomes (dipalmitoil lecithin, cholesterol, stearinamine - 7:2:1), protected for 0,5 to 4,5 hours lethally X-irradiated mice (7,8 Gy; LD 90/30 ). Under these conditions, Adeturone applied alone 4,5 hours before irradiation was ineffective. These results show the presence of prolonged radioprotective effect of Adeturone, when orally applied in the form of liposomal suspension. 2 tabs., 17 refs

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

Résumé. Le but de cette étude est de connaître les mécanismes géochimiques qui gouvernent la migration verticale des métaux lourds et évaluer le risque de contamination de la nappe du Continental Terminal par ces métaux issus de la décharge d'Akouédo. Les analyses chimiques de 56 échantillons de sol ont montré ...

diversité botanique dans le sud du parc national de taï, côte d

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AKA Boko Mathieu

[I] est le vecteur courant (Ampère). [L] est la matrice d'inductance par unité de longueur (H/m). Ses termes diagonaux représentent les inductances propres des éléments du résonateur et les autres termes correspondent aux inductances mutuelles entre ces éléments. Dans le cas où les fréquences sont très élevées et les ...

The choice of iron-containing filling for composite radioprotective material

Science.gov (United States)

Matyukhin, P. V.

2018-03-01

The paper presents the data the composition of modern composite building materials including materials which in addition to high physical-mechanical have radio-protective properties. The article presents infrared researches and differential thermal data of fine-grained magnetite and hematite beneficiated iron-ore concentrates. The choice of the most suitable filling for new composite radio-protective building material engineering and development was made basing on the magnetite and hematite data presented in the paper.

Radioprotective effect of bread products

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khadzhijski, L.; Alyakov, M.; Tsvetkova, E.; Kavrakirova, S.; Chamova, S.; Vasileva, R.

1993-01-01

A new technology for preparation of bread for special purposes is developed. The technology includes the use of pectin as an additive with decontaminating properties. Pectin shows well pronounced radioprotective effect on the haemopoiesis when persons are subjected to external irradiation. However, bread with pectin have no decontaminating effect against radiostrontium and radiocesium. (author)

IBARAKI materials design diffractometer (iMATERIA)-Versatile neutron diffractometer at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishigaki, T.; Hoshikawa, A.; Yonemura, M.; Morishima, T.; Kamiyama, T.; Oishi, R.; Aizawa, K.; Sakuma, T.; Tomota, Y.; Arai, M.; Hayashi, M.; Ebata, K.; Takano, Y.; Komatsuzaki, K.; Asano, H.; Takano, Y.; Kasao, T.

2009-01-01

Ibaraki prefecture, the local government of the area for J-PARC site, was decided to build a versatile neutron diffractometer (IBARAKI Materials Design Diffractometer, iMATERIA) to promote an industrial application for neutron beam in J-PARC. iMATERIA is planned to be a high throughput diffractometer so that materials engineers and scientists can use it like the chemical analytical instruments in their materials development process. It covers in d range 0.18< d (A)<5 with Δd/d=0.16% at high resolution bank, and covers 5< d (A)<800 with gradually changing resolution at three detector bank (90 deg., low angle and small angle). Typical measuring time to obtain a 'Rietveld-quality' data is several minutes with the sample size of laboratory X-ray diffractometer. To promote industrial application, a utilization system for this diffractometer is required. We will establish a support system for both academic and industrial users who are willing to use neutron but have not been familiar with neutron diffraction. The analysis software is also very important for powder diffraction, we will also prepare a software package consisting of combination of several powder-diffraction software, structural databases and visualization. The construction of iMATERIA will be completed in the end of April 2008, as one of day-one instruments for J-PARC.

Biophysical basis of hypoxic radioprotection by deoxygenated dextran-hemoglobin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, J.T.; Hill, R.P.

1986-01-01

Perfusion with deoxygenated dextran-hemoglobin provides an effective method for inducing hypoxic radioprotection of normal tissues during radiation treatment of tumors. In this study, the dependence of P50, the half-saturation pressure of oxygen binding to dextran-hemoglobin, was analyzed as a function of solution temperature and pH. The variation of attainable radioprotection with P50, and with the amount of collateral blood entering into the perfused region, was calculated. Upon perfusion of canine gracilis muscle with deoxygenated dextran-hemoglobin, a rapid onset of extensive venous hypoxia was observed

The use of radioprotective indicators in medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tilly Junior, Joao G.; Schmidt, Margot F.S.

1996-01-01

Radioprotection indicators are proposed as per the World Health Organization guide-lines, in order to establish policies as well as to show the development and identified new operational strategic in radiological protection

Une interprétation oblique du Prince : le procès de Machiavel dans les Ragguagli di Parnaso de Traiano Boccalini

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claire Henry

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Traiano Boccalini (1556-1613 auteur des Ragguagli di Parnaso (1612 et 1613 prend position dans le débat sur l’interprétation républicaine de Machiavel : l’auteur du Prince a-t-il écrit pour aider la monarchie ou bien contre elle ? Boccalini semble prendre une position nuancée, affirmant que si l’on condamne Machiavel c’est justement parce qu’il pourrait trop bien servir aux républicains. Lui-même utilise la métaphore du berger, traditionnellement liée à l’idée religieuse, pour montrer que le monarque n’est pas le berger désintéressé du troupeau humain comme il voudrait le faire croire, mais un berger tout attaché au profit qu’il peut tirer de ses brebis. L’ironie dénonce une image pastorale (idyllique de la monarchie mais Boccalini n’en n'appelle pas pour autant au soulèvement, source des plus grandes souffrances.

Interventional techniques in medicine and radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le Guen, B.; Bar, O.; Benderitter, M.; Bourguignon, M.; Chevillard, S.; Gauron, Ch.; Lallemand, J.; Lombard, J.; Maccia, C.; Sapoval, M.; Bernier, M.O.; Pirard, Ph.; Jacob, S.; Donadille, L.; Aubert, B.; Clairand, I.; Mozziconacci, J.G.; Brot, A.M.; Jarrige, V.; Huet, Ch.; Marchal, C.; Martin, M.; Bar, O.; Degrange, J.P.; Livarek, B.; Menechal, Ph.; Sapoval, M.; Pellerin, O.

2009-01-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during this conference day. Nineteen presentations are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - Interventional radiology: why is it developing? (M. Sapoval); 2 - exposure particularities in interventional radiology (O. Bar); 3 - doses received by organs in interventional cardiology (C. Maccia); 4 - Patients exposure: description of cumulated exposure of patients treated in interventional cardiology (M.O. Bernier); 5 - 2004 inquiry to dermatologists about post-interventional radiology radio-dermatitis (P. Pirard); 6 - exposure and risks to operators (S. Jacob); 7 - dosimetric evaluation techniques and results about interventional imaging operators' extremities (L. Donadille and F. Merat); 8 - bibliographic study of doses received by operators with non-protected organs (B. Aubert); 9 - ORAMED European project: optimization of operational dosimeter uses in interventional radiology (I. Clairand); 10 - reference levels and dosimetric evaluation of patients (C. Maccia); 11 - optimization in coronary angioplasty (J.G. Mozziconacci, A.M. Brot and V. Jarrige); 12 - dosimetry in medical over-exposure situation (C. Huet); 13 - significant radioprotection events in interventional radiology declared to the Nuclear Safety Authority (ASN) - status and experience feedback (C. Marchal); 14 - interventional radiology and unwanted effects (M. Benderitter); 15 - global analyses and new exposure indicators in human epidermis cells (M. Martin); 16 - radioprotection regulations and training (O. Bar); 17 - zoning and workplace analysis in interventional cardiology (J.P. Degrange); 18 - guide of good clinical practices: example of interventional cardiology (B. Livarek); 19 - how to encourage the radioprotection optimization in interventional radiology: the ASN's point of view (P. Menechal). (J.S.)

Study of radioprotective effect of the resveratrol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moreno, Carolina dos Santos

2009-01-01

Resveratrol (3,4,5 trihydroxystilbene), a phenolic phytoalexin occurring naturally in a wide variety of plants, such as grapevines, in response to injury as fungal infections and exposure to ultraviolet light. In the wines this compound is present at high levels and is considered one of the highest antioxidant constituents. This high capacity to scavenge the free radicals generated by several biologic processes by resveratrol can provide a prevention of human cardiovascular diseases and several types of cancer. The main objective of this study was to determine the in vitro radioprotective effect of resveratrol in cell culture with the aid of the tests of cytotoxicity of resveratrol (IC50%) and lethal dose 50% of gamma radiation (LD50). Studies of the level of resveratrol toxicity, found by cytotoxicity test performed by neutral red uptake assay, and lethal dose 50% (LD50) of gamma radiation from source of Cobalt-60 (Co-60) was performed in cell culture NCTC Clone 929 from ATCC. The IC50% of resveratrol was about 50 M/L. The DL50 of gamma radiation showed a value of about 354 Gy. On the basis of these biological results, it was performed studies of radioprotective effect of resveratrol on the same experimental conditions, verifying that the resveratrol in concentrations between 12.5 M/L and 25 M/L showed a more pronounced radioprotective effect. (author)

Methodology to carry out a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for cross sections using a coupled model Trace-Parcs; Metodologia para realizar un analisis de sensibilidad e incertidumbre para las secciones eficaces usando un modelo acoplado TRACE-PARCS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reyes F, M. C.; Del Valle G, E. [IPN, Escuela Superior de Fisica y Matematicas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Lindavista, 07738 Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico); Gomez T, A. M. [ININ, Departamento de Sistemas Nucleares, Carretera Mexico-Toluca s/n, 52750 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico); Sanchez E, V., E-mail: rf.melisa@gmail.com [Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Neutron Physics and Reactor Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (Germany)

2015-09-15

A methodology was implemented to carry out a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for cross sections used in a coupled model for Trace/Parcs in a transient of control rod fall of a BWR-5. A model of the reactor core for the neutronic code Parcs was used, in which the assemblies located in the core are described. Thermo-hydraulic model in Trace was a simple model, where only a component type Chan was designed to represent all the core assemblies, which it was within a single vessel and boundary conditions were established. The thermo-hydraulic part was coupled with the neutron part, first for the steady state and then a transient of control rod fall was carried out for the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. To carry out the analysis of cross sections used in the coupled model Trace/Parcs during the transient, the Probability Density Functions for 22 parameters selected from the total of neutronic parameters that use Parcs were generated, obtaining 100 different cases for the coupled model Trace/Parcs, each one with a database of different cross sections. All these cases were executed with the coupled model, obtaining in consequence 100 different output files for the transient of control rod fall doing emphasis in the nominal power, for which an uncertainty analysis was realized at the same time generate the band of uncertainty. With this analysis is possible to observe the ranges of results of the elected responses varying the selected uncertainty parameters. The sensitivity analysis complements the uncertainty analysis, identifying the parameter or parameters with more influence on the results and thus focuses on these parameters in order to better understand their effects. Beyond the obtained results, because is not a model with real operation data, the importance of this work is to know the application of the methodology to carry out the sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. (Author)

Distribution et structure des parcs à Adansonia digitata L

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ACER_USER

digitata) induits une forte pression sur cette dernière. La présente étude est une contribution à la gestion durable des parcs à A.digitata L. au Togo. Elle a pour objectifs de : (i) déterminer la distribution spatiale des populations à A. digitata et (ii) analyser la structure démographique de ses populations. La méthodologie.

Assay for the antioxidant and radioprotectant activity of extracts form endemic plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Jin Kyu; Kim, Ji Hyang; Woo, Hyun Jung; Plewa, Michael J.

2004-01-01

Since radiation damage and oxygen poisoning occur through the formation of reactive oxygen species, it is a challenging task to develop agents with high antioxidant and radioprotectant activities from plant species. In this study, several species of Korean endemic plants were chosen as experimental candidates. Water-and ethanol extracts were made from the candidates and tested for their antioxidant and radioprotectant activities. In vitro antioxidant assay of the aqueous-organic extracts was carried out using the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl scavenging method. Radioprotective effects were tested by means of experimental on irradiated cell cultures and animals. Among others, the water-extract of Ixeris dentata leaves showed a marked effect on the viability of B16 melanoma cells and provided a radioprotective effect on the number of the leukocytes in the irradiated rodents. DNA damage in the lymphocytes after γ-irradiation decreased in the extract administered animals. Many of the extracts tested in this study showed a slightly lower activity in free radical scavenging than the well-known chemical antiozidants such as ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytuluene, and glutathione. However, some extracts showed an antioxidant activity similar to that of α-tocopherol acetate and caffeine. These results support the optimistic view for developing radioprotective agents from the Korean endemic plants that showed a strong antioxidant activity

Assay for the antioxidant and radioprotectant activity of extracts form endemic plants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jin Kyu; Kim, Ji Hyang; Woo, Hyun Jung [KAERI, Taejeon (Korea, Republic of); Plewa, Michael J. [University of Illinois, Illinosi (United States)

2004-07-01

Since radiation damage and oxygen poisoning occur through the formation of reactive oxygen species, it is a challenging task to develop agents with high antioxidant and radioprotectant activities from plant species. In this study, several species of Korean endemic plants were chosen as experimental candidates. Water-and ethanol extracts were made from the candidates and tested for their antioxidant and radioprotectant activities. In vitro antioxidant assay of the aqueous-organic extracts was carried out using the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl scavenging method. Radioprotective effects were tested by means of experimental on irradiated cell cultures and animals. Among others, the water-extract of Ixeris dentata leaves showed a marked effect on the viability of B16 melanoma cells and provided a radioprotective effect on the number of the leukocytes in the irradiated rodents. DNA damage in the lymphocytes after {gamma}-irradiation decreased in the extract administered animals. Many of the extracts tested in this study showed a slightly lower activity in free radical scavenging than the well-known chemical antiozidants such as ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytuluene, and glutathione. However, some extracts showed an antioxidant activity similar to that of {alpha}-tocopherol acetate and caffeine. These results support the optimistic view for developing radioprotective agents from the Korean endemic plants that showed a strong antioxidant activity.

Radioprotection of the patient in nuclear medicine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perez, Maria del R.

2004-01-01

The following topics are developed: concepts on radioprotection; stochastic and deterministic effects; the prenatal irradiation; different types of radiation exposition (medical, occupational and public irradiation); and the justification of the levels of radiation

Biological radiation effects and radioprotection standards

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clerc, H.

1991-03-01

In this report, after recalling the mode of action of ionizing radiations, the notions of dose, dose equivalents and the values of natural irradiation, the author describes the biological radiation effects. Then he presents the ICRP recommendations and their applications to the french radioprotection system

Guide for the evaluation of the implementation of radioprotection in an electricity production nuclear centre; Guide d'evaluation de la mise en oeuvre de la radioprotection sur un centre nucleaire de production d'electricite. Rapport n. 292

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schieber, C.

2005-07-01

This report describes the approach for the evaluation of the implementation of radioprotection in nuclear power plants. This approach encompasses six main themes: radioprotection customization, radioprotection steering quality, professional and contractor commitment, skill and efficiency of the Risk Prevention Department, radioprotection operational management, robustness of the transport system. Each theme comprises sub-themes which are assessed according to 2, 3 or 4 levels, the sum of which giving a mark out of 20 for the theme

Application of a generalized interface module to the coupling of PARCS with both RELAPS and TRAC-M

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barber, D.A.; Wang, W.; Miller, R.M.; Downar, T.J.; Joo, H.G.; Mousseau, V.A.; Ebert, D.E.

1999-01-01

In an effort to more easily assess various combinations of 3-D neutronic/thermal-hydraulic codes, the USNRC has sponsored the development of a generalized interface module for the coupling of any thermal-hydraulics code to any spatial kinetics code. In this design, the thermal-hydraulics, general interface, and spatial kinetics codes function independently and utilize the Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) software to manage inter-process communication. Using this interface, the USNRC version of the 3D neutron kinetics code, PARCS, has been coupled to the USNRC system analysis codes RELAP5 and TRAC-M. RELAP5/PARCS assessment results are presented for an OECD/NEA main steam line break benchmark problem. The assessment of TRAC-M/PARCS has only recently been initiated; nonetheless, the capabilities of the coupled code are presented for the OECD/NEA main steam line break benchmark problem

Radioprotective effectiveness of Adeturone, incapsulated in liposomes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pantev, T.

1990-01-01

The radioprotective properties of Adeturone (S,2-aminoethyl isothiuronic adenosine-5-triphosphate), incapsulated in mono- and tricomponent lisosomes was studied. Intraperitoneal adminisration of the radioprotector by means of monocomponent liposomes from egg lecithins, as well as of the radioprotector alone shortly before (15-30 min) gamma irradiation of mice with 7.5 Gy (LD 100/30 ) provided high survival rate - accordingly 80% and 75%. Orally administered Adeturone incapsulated in tricomponent liposomes (dipalmitoil-DL-3-lecithin:cholesterine:stearilamine - 7:2:1) protected mice exposed to lethal X-irradiation (7.8 Gy, LD 90/30 ) for 0.5 to 4.5 hours. Adeturone, applied alone under these conditions 4.5 hours before irradiation, was ineffective. The results clearly demonstrated a prolonged radioprotective effect of Adeturone, administered per os as liposome suspension. 2 tabs., 17 refs

Occupational radioprotection program at Nuclear Engineering Institute -IEN: results obtained in 1991

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fajardo, P.W.; Pastura, V.F.S.; Soares, M.L.; LeRoy, C.L.; Teixeira, M.V.; Santos, I.H.T.; Pujol Filho, S.V.

1992-01-01

The results of occupational radioprotection program at Nuclear Engineering Institute-IEN- in 1991 are presented. The personnel monitoring, the routine monitoring of limited areas, the operational monitoring during the operation and the cyclotron CV-28 maintenance, the radioisotope processing and Argonauta Reactor operation, the control of radioprotection equipment and the control of radiation sources are included. (C.G.C.)

Biochemical basis for the action of radioprotective drugs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romantsev, E.F.; Blokhina, V.D.; Zhulanova, Z.I.; Koshcheenko, N.N.; Filippovich, I.V.

1977-01-01

The hypothesis of complex biochemical mechanism of action of radioprotective drugs is described. Shortly after injection of radioprotective aminothiols into animals the inhibition of radiosensitive biochemical processes: DNA and RNA synthesis, protein synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation has been observed. The molecular mechanism of these phenomena consists of radioprotectors ability to form adsorption, thioester, amide, and disulphide bonds with appropriate enzymes. The curve reflecting the formation and breakdown of mixed disulphides between radioprotectors and proteins coincides well with that reflecting the radioprotective effect dependence on time. The radiobiological significance of molecular interactions observed may be interpreted as the diminution in ''spoiled'' molecules formation (inhibition of replication) and elevation in repartion rate. The inhibition of biochemical processes has the reversible nature and last for short time. The drugs acting according to so-called oxygen effect protect also by means of biochemical mechanisms. The molecular mechanism is mediated through their ability to bind to receptors, and biologically important molecules and macromolecules. As a result the inhibition of radiosensitive processes occurs, the ''spoiled'' molecules number is diminished and reparation takes place more easily. The idea on the complex biochemical mechanism of action of radioprotectors correlates with the proposal on complex biochemical mechanism responsible for interphase death occured after irradiation

Computerized examination system on radioprotection knowledge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stanescu, Gabriel; Rosca Fartat, Gabriela; Ghilea, Simion

2008-01-01

The aim of this paper is to present the recognition system of the education and training in the field of radioprotection based on the examination system and the software solutions adopted by the regulatory authority in Romania. The Romanian Radiation Protection system is in place since 1950, when the first nuclear research reactor was built and activities involving radioactive sources started to be developed, and several developing phases were passed through. Linked to the Romanian Radiation Protection system an Education, Training and Recognition system was developed. The recognition of the competencies achieved by the personnel in the framework of the education and training system consists in obtaining a work permit. It is mandatory at least for the radiological safety officers to posses a work permit granted by the Romanian Regulatory Body (CNCAN) based on an examination of the radioprotection knowledge. The examination consists in solving a questionnaire on radioprotection and legislation issues. Each participant receives a questionnaire with 60 questions and has to solve it in a time limit of one hour. In 2007 the examination system has been improved by authors who designed a software and a database which contains all the questions and answers with related explanations. For each examination session the software generates randomly for each participant the examination questionnaire. More than 2000 questions and answers from the database are published on the web site of CNCAN for different fields of ionizing radiation applications. Moreover the generated questions and participant's answers are registered in order to perform the further analysis and review. The result is an objective and transparent examination system which encourages the continuous training and retraining. (author)

RADIOPROTECTION CAMPAIGN AND CARD: EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES THAT REDUCE CHILDREN'S EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE TO RADIOLOGICAL EXAMS.

Science.gov (United States)

Bernardo, Mônica Oliveira; Almeida, Fernando Antonio de; Morgado, Flavio

2017-01-01

To analyze the results of an initiative aimed at improving the reasonable use of radiological examinations, ensuring their technical quality, implementing a radioprotection campaign that includes training of the professional team, and introducing the radioprotection card for children under 12 years old as a tool for parents and doctors to control children's exposure to radiation. The study was held in a health care insurance system covering 140,000 people. A radioprotection campaign was implemented according to Image Gently • protocols, ensuring the lowest dose of radiation and the quality of examinations, and the radioprotection card was implemented. To assess the effectiveness of these actions, the number of radiological examinations performed at the pediatric emergency room in a period of one year preceding the campaign was compared with the number of radiological examinations performed one year after the campaign. The campaign was well accepted by all professionals, families, and patients involved. In the year following the implementation of radioprotection strategies, there was a 22% reduction of radiological examinations performed at the pediatric emergency room. There was also a 29% reduction in the request of two or more radiological examinations for the same child or examinations with two or more incidences. The campaign and the radioprotection card for children under 12 years old proved to be feasible strategies and correlated with a reduction in radiological examinations requested and performed at the pediatric emergency room.

Use of micronucleus test in evaluating radioprotective action of mixed tremella preparation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu Jiaben; Huang Yinmei; Zhu Bingchai

1993-01-01

The radioprotective action of mixed tremella preparation (Yinshen Yin) on whole body gamma irradiated dogs has been studied. 25 male dogs were divided into five groups: tremella, mercaminum, Yinshen Yin at high dose, Yinshen Yin at low dose and control. All the dogs were given above drugs in 10 successive days before acute exposure of 1 Gy radiation. The results showed that the prophylactic use of Yinshen Yin had good anti-irradiation effect, and the radioprotective effect was similar to the mercaminum, but significantly higher than tremella. Thereby it was considered as a good radioprotective agent. The dose reduction factor in different groups were: Yinshen Yin high dose 2.01, Yinshen Yin low dose group 1.72, mercaminum group 1.55 and tremella group 1.11

COMET/PRISM Muon to Electron Conversion at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hungerford, Ed V.

2009-01-01

A new experimental search for coherent, neutrinoless, muon-to-electron conversion from a muonic atom has been proposed for the Japanese Proton Accelerator, J-PARC, now under commissioning. The experiment is completing a conceptual design which proposes a single event sensitivity in the branching ratio of lepton number violating to lepton conserving decays of ≅0.26x10 -16 . This note briefly describes the experiment and its objectives.

Murine P-glycoprotein deficiency alters intestinal injury repair and blunts lipopolysaccharide-induced radioprotection.

Science.gov (United States)

Staley, Elizabeth M; Yarbrough, Vanisha R; Schoeb, Trenton R; Daft, Joseph G; Tanner, Scott M; Steverson, Dennis; Lorenz, Robin G

2012-09-01

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been reported to increase stem cell proliferation and regulate apoptosis. Absence of P-gp results in decreased repair of intestinal epithelial cells after chemical injury. To further explore the mechanisms involved in the effects of P-gp on intestinal injury and repair, we used the well-characterized radiation injury model. In this model, injury repair is mediated by production of prostaglandins (PGE(2)) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to confer radioprotection. B6.mdr1a(-/-) mice and wild-type controls were subjected to 12 Gy total body X-ray irradiation and surviving crypts in the proximal jejunum and distal colon were evaluated 3.5 days after irradiation. B6.mdr1a(-/-) mice exhibited normal baseline stem cell proliferation and COX dependent crypt regeneration after irradiation. However, radiation induced apoptosis was increased and LPS-induced radioprotection was blunted in the C57BL6.mdr1a(-/-) distal colon, compared to B6 wild-type controls. The LPS treatment induced gene expression of the radioprotective cytokine IL-1α, in B6 wild-type controls but not in B6.mdr1a(-/-) animals. Lipopolysaccharid-induced radioprotection was absent in IL-1R1(-/-) animals, indicating a role for IL-1α in radioprotection, and demonstrating that P-gp deficiency interferes with IL-1α gene expression in response to systemic exposure to LPS.

Application of a generalized interface module to the coupling of PARCS with both RELAP5 and TRAC-M

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barber, D.A.; Wang, W. [SCIENTECH, Inc. (United States); Miller, R.M.; Downar, T.J. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Joo, H.G. [Korean Atomic Energy Research Inst., Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Mousseau, V.A. [Los Alamos National Lab., NM (United States); Ebert, D.E. [Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States)

1999-04-01

In an effort to more easily assess various combinations of 3-D neutronic/thermal-hydraulic codes, the USNRC has sponsored the development of a generalized interface module for the coupling of any thermal-hydraulics code to any spatial kinetics code. In this design, the thermal-hydraulics, general interface, and spatial kinetics codes function independently and utilize the Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) software to manage inter-process communication. Using this interface, the USNRC version of the 3D neutron kinetics code, PARCS, has been coupled to the USNRC system analysis codes RELAP5 and TRAC-M. RELAP5/PARCS assessment results are presented for an OECD/NEA main steam line break benchmark problem. The assessment of TRAC-M/PARCS has only recently been initiated; nonetheless, the capabilities of the coupled code are presented for the OECD/NEA main steam line break benchmark problem.

The synthesis of unsymmetric disulfides for use as radio-protectives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chang, S.H.H.

1988-01-01

Unsymmetric disulfides with radioprotective potential were synthesized by linking biomolecules, and related substances, to known radio-protective aminothiols via a disulfide bond. The biomolecules used in this research include mercaptoalcohols, mercaptopyridines and mercaptophenothiazines. Unsymmetric disulfides were synthesized by reacting two thiols with diethyl azodicarboxylate sequentially at low temperature. The reactions of thiols with thiosulfinate were studied as an alternative for synthesizing disulfides. A cross-linked polystyrene was thiolated by different reagents. The thiolation of polymers is part of a methodological study using solid phase synthesis to synthesize unsymmetric disulfides

Superconducting muon channel at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimomura, K.; Koda, A.; Strasser, P.; Kawamura, N.; Fujimori, H.; Makimura, S.; Higemoto, W.; Nakahara, K.; Ishida, K.; Nishiyama, K.; Nagamine, K.; Miyake, Y.

2009-01-01

The Muon Science Laboratory at the Materials and Life Science Facility is now under construction in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), where four types of muon channels are planned to be installed. A conventional superconducting muon channel will be installed at the first stage, which can extract surface (positive) muons and decay positive/negative muons up to 120 MeV/c, and the expected muon yield is a few 10 6 /s at 60 MeV/c (for both positive and negative). This channel will be used for various kinds of experiments like muon catalyzed fusion, μSR and nondestructive elements analysis. The present status of the superconducting muon channel is briefly reported.

Neutronic / thermal-hydraulic coupling with the code system Trace / Parcs; Acoplamiento neutronico / termohidraulico con el sistema de codigos TRACE / PARCS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mejia S, D. M. [Comision Nacional de Seguridad Nuclear y Salvaguardias, Dr. Barragan 779, Col. Narvarte, 03020 Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico); Del Valle G, E., E-mail: dulcemaria.mejia@cnsns.gob.mx [IPN, Escuela Superior de Fisica y Matematicas, Av. IPN s/n, Col. Lindavista, 07738 Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico)

2015-09-15

The developed models for Parcs and Trace codes corresponding for the cycle 15 of the Unit 1 of the Laguna Verde nuclear power plant are described. The first focused to the neutronic simulation and the second to thermal hydraulics. The model developed for Parcs consists of a core of 444 fuel assemblies wrapped in a radial reflective layer and two layers, a superior and another inferior, of axial reflector. The core consists of 27 total axial planes. The model for Trace includes the vessel and its internal components as well as various safety systems. The coupling between the two codes is through two maps that allow its intercommunication. Both codes are used in coupled form performing a dynamic simulation that allows obtaining acceptably a stable state from which is carried out the closure of all the main steam isolation valves (MSIVs) followed by the performance of safety relief valves (SRVs) and ECCS. The results for the power and reactivities introduced by the moderator density, the fuel temperature and total temperature are shown. Data are also provided like: the behavior of the pressure in the steam dome, the water level in the downcomer, the flow through the MSIVs and SRVs. The results are explained for the power, the pressure in the steam dome and the water level in the downcomer which show agreement with the actions of the MSIVs, SRVs and ECCS. (Author)

Analysis of the energy efficiency of the transport system in Algeria; Analyse de l'efficacite energetique du systeme de transport en Algerie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hamdani, Sid Ahmed

2010-09-15

The objective of this communication is analyze the energy efficiency of the transport system in Algeria and to show the areas of possible rationalization in this sector. Our approach is to analyze the existing configuration of the sector and its impact on energy consumption, by developing a sectional model Bottom Up, where the transport park has been modified by the means used. We have shown that the potential to improve the transport system energy efficiency is important and have recommended some options aimed at the sector organisation and aimed at increasing the relative part of transport systems to make it more energy efficient. [French] L'objectif de cette communication est d'analyser l'efficacite energetique du systeme de transport algerien et de montrer les gisements de rationalisation possibles dans ce secteur. Notre approche consiste a analyser la configuration existante du secteur et son impact sur la consommation d'energie, en elaborant un modele sectoriel Bottom Up, ou le parc de transport a ete desagrege par moyen utilise. Nous avons montre que le potentiel d'amelioration de la performance energetique du systeme de transport est important et avons recommande quelques options ciblant l'organisation du secteur et visant a augmenter la part relative de moyens de transport plus efficace energetiquement.

Full Core modeling techniques for research reactors with irregular geometries using Serpent and PARCS applied to the CROCUS reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siefman, Daniel J.; Girardin, Gaëtan; Rais, Adolfo; Pautz, Andreas; Hursin, Mathieu

2015-01-01

Highlights: • Modeling of research reactors. • Serpent and PARCS coupling. • Lattice physics codes modeling techniques. - Abstract: This paper summarizes the results of modeling methodologies developed for the zero-power (100 W) teaching and research reactor CROCUS located in the Laboratory for Reactor Physics and Systems Behavior (LRS) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL). The study gives evidence that the Monte Carlo code Serpent can be used effectively as a lattice physics tool for small reactors. CROCUS’ core has an irregular geometry with two fuel zones of different lattice pitches. This and the reactor’s small size necessitate the use of nonstandard cross-section homogenization techniques when modeling the full core with a 3D nodal diffusion code (e.g. PARCS). The primary goal of this work is the development of these techniques for steady-state neutronics and future transient neutronics analyses of not only CROCUS, but research reactors in general. In addition, the modeling methods can provide useful insight for analyzing small modular reactor concepts based on light water technology. Static computational models of CROCUS with the codes Serpent and MCNP5 are presented and methodologies are analyzed for using Serpent and SerpentXS to prepare macroscopic homogenized group cross-sections for a pin-by-pin model of CROCUS with PARCS. The most accurate homogenization scheme lead to a difference in terms of k eff of 385 pcm between the Serpent and PARCS model, while the MCNP5 and Serpent models differed in terms of k eff by 13 pcm (within the statistical error of each simulation). Comparisons of the axial power profiles between the Serpent model as a reference and a set of PARCS models using different homogenization techniques showed a consistent root-mean-square deviation of ∼8%, indicating that the differences are not due to the homogenization technique but rather arise from the definition of the diffusion coefficients

Evaluation of qualification and radioprotection knowledge of dentists in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilha Filho, L.G.; Borges, J.C.

1996-01-01

The status and implications of the actual radioprotection knowledge of people studying dentistry is evaluated. A brief research of the current situation in Brazil is presented. The inclusion of a discipline - or the remaking of existing ones - in the curricula of Brazilian dentistry schools, covering subjects from radioprotection to images quality control is suggested

Survey on radioprotective attention in the nurses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kayamori, Ryo; Satoh, Shizuma; Sakai, Kunio; Kitabatake, Takashi; Yoshizawa, Yoki

1978-01-01

Questionnaires were sent to 2965 nurses and practical nurses in 37 institutions in Niigata prefecture in April, 1977, and the degree of radioprotective knowledge and attention in the nurses were investigated. Answers in 2205 cases were effective. The mean rate of those who answered that they knew International Committee of Radiation Protection and the permissible dose in the abdomen of female who had a possibility to be pregnant and hereditary (significant) dose was 22.2%. Out of the nurses working in the institutions dealing with radiation, the rate of those who wore film-badge was 15.7%, and that of those who received special health examinations was 1.39%. 654 nurses answered that it was better to fix the nurses in the institutions dealing with radiation. An actual condition of radioprotective education in nurse education was analysed, and private opinions on its future direction were described. (Tsunoda, M.)

Survey on radioprotective attention in the nurses

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kayamori, R; Satoh, S; Sakai, K; Kitabatake, T; Yoshizawa, Y [Niigata Univ. (Japan)

1978-05-01

Questionnaires were sent to 2965 nurses and practical nurses in 37 institutions in Niigata prefecture in April, 1977, and the degree of radioprotective knowledge and attention in the nurses were investigated. Answers in 2205 cases were effective. The mean rate of those who answered that they knew International Committee of Radiation Protection and the permissible dose in the abdomen of female who had a possibility to be pregnant and hereditary (significant) dose was 22.2%. Out of the nurses working in the institutions dealing with radiation, the rate of those who wore film-badge was 15.7%, and that of those who received special health examinations was 1.39%. 654 nurses answered that it was better to fix the nurses in the institutions dealing with radiation. An actual condition of radioprotective education in nurse education was analysed, and private opinions on its future direction were described.

Radioprotection optimization in the electronuclear, industrial and medical domains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schieber, C.; Abela, G.; Ammerich, M.; Balduyck, S.; Batalla, A.; Drouet, F.; Fracas, P.; Gauron, Ch.; Le Guen, B.; Lombard, J.; Mougnard, Ph.; Murith, Ch.; Rannou, A.; Rodde, S.; Selva, M.; Tranchant, Ph.; Schieber, C.; Solaire, T.; Le Tonqueze, Y.; Jolivet, P.; Chauveau, D.; Mathevet, L.; Juhel, T.; Mertz, L.; Bochud, F.O.; Desmaris, G.; Turquet de Beauregard, G.; Roy, C.; Delacroix, S.; Sevilla, A.; Rehel, J.L.; Bernhard, S.; Palut-Laurent, O.; Lochard, J.; Lebaron-Jacobs, L.; Wack, G.; Barange, K.; Delabre, H.

2011-01-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during these conference days. Thirty one presentations are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - implementation of the ALARA principle in the nuclear, industrial and medical domains: status and challenges (C. Schieber); 2 - image quality and scanner irradiation: what ingredients to chose? (T. Solaire); 3 - radioprotection stakes and implementation of the ALARA approach during the IFMIF design (Y. Le Tonqueze); 4 - ALARA at the design stage of the EPR (P. Jolivet); 5 - alternative techniques to iridium 192 gamma-graphy for welds control: results and recommendations from the ALTER-X project (D. Chauveau); 6 - alternative techniques to ionizing radiations use in the medical domain: implementation of navigation strategies (L. Mathevet); 7 - justification of ionizing radiations use in non-medical imaging: overview of the French situation and perspectives status (S. Rodde); 8 - ISOE: task scheduling for radioprotection optimization in nuclear power plants (G. Abela); 9 - Practices and ALARA prospects among big nuclear operators (T. Juhel); 10 - experience feedback on the use of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in diagnostic imaging optimization (L. Mertz); 11 - DRLs: Swiss strategy and concept limits (F.O. Bochud); 12 - external dosimetry tools: the existing, the developing and the remaining problems (A. Rannou); 13 - is the optimization principle applicable to the aircraft personnel's exposure to cosmic radiation? (G. Desmaris); 14-15 - experience feedback of the ALARA approach concerning an operation with strong dosimetric stakes (P. Mougnard and N. Fontaine); 16 - optimization of reactor pool decontaminations ((P. Tranchant); 17 - radiopharmaceuticals transport - ALARA principle related stakes (G. Turquet de Beauregard); 18 - ALARA in vet radio-diagnosis activity: good practices guide (C. Roy); 19 - implementation of the ALARA approach at the Proton-therapy centre of Orsay's Curie Institute

Radioprotective effect of edible herbs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Ying; Huang Meiying; Zhu Genbo; Fang Jixi; Fan Xiudi

1992-08-01

The radioprotective effect of the edible herbs was studied in animals. The results showed: (1) The acute death rate of animals was decreased. (2) The peripheral leukocytes were increased. (3) The valine, hydroxyproline, glycine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid in the plasma also were increased. (4) The activity of SOD (superoxide dimutase) was risen. (5) the edible herbs have the function to protect the structure of organs of thymus and testes

Radioprotective action of serotonin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vodop' yanova, L G; Vinogradova, M F [Leningradskij Gosudarstvennyj Univ. (USSR). Biologicheskij Nauchno-Issledovatel' skij Inst.

1975-09-01

Tests in vitro were performed to study the effect of serotonin on oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of rat liver. Serotonin (2.10/sup -4/ M) was shown to suppress oxidation of ..cap alpha..-ketoglutaric acid without significantly changing succinic acid consumption. A comparison of the results obtained with those from the literature allowed to assume that the radioprotective effect of serotonin was based not only on its previously known ability to cause tissue hypoxia, but also on its ability to affect oxidation processes in mitochondria.

Methodology to carry out a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for cross sections using a coupled model Trace-Parcs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reyes F, M. C.; Del Valle G, E.; Gomez T, A. M.; Sanchez E, V.

2015-09-01

A methodology was implemented to carry out a sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for cross sections used in a coupled model for Trace/Parcs in a transient of control rod fall of a BWR-5. A model of the reactor core for the neutronic code Parcs was used, in which the assemblies located in the core are described. Thermo-hydraulic model in Trace was a simple model, where only a component type Chan was designed to represent all the core assemblies, which it was within a single vessel and boundary conditions were established. The thermo-hydraulic part was coupled with the neutron part, first for the steady state and then a transient of control rod fall was carried out for the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. To carry out the analysis of cross sections used in the coupled model Trace/Parcs during the transient, the Probability Density Functions for 22 parameters selected from the total of neutronic parameters that use Parcs were generated, obtaining 100 different cases for the coupled model Trace/Parcs, each one with a database of different cross sections. All these cases were executed with the coupled model, obtaining in consequence 100 different output files for the transient of control rod fall doing emphasis in the nominal power, for which an uncertainty analysis was realized at the same time generate the band of uncertainty. With this analysis is possible to observe the ranges of results of the elected responses varying the selected uncertainty parameters. The sensitivity analysis complements the uncertainty analysis, identifying the parameter or parameters with more influence on the results and thus focuses on these parameters in order to better understand their effects. Beyond the obtained results, because is not a model with real operation data, the importance of this work is to know the application of the methodology to carry out the sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. (Author)

Beam commissioning and operation of the J-PARC main ring synchrotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koseki, Tadashi; Arakaki, Yoshitugu; Chin, Yong Ho; Hara, Keigo; Hasegawa, Katsushi; Hashimoto, Yoshinori; Hori, Yoichiro; Igarashi, Susumu; Ishii, Koji; Kamikubota, Norihiko; Kimura, Takuro; Koseki, Kunio; Fan, Kuanjyun; Kubota, Chikashi; Kuniyasu, Yuu; Kurimoto, Yoshinori; Lee, Seishu; Matsumoto, Hiroshi; Molodozhentsev, Alexander; Morita, Yuichi; Murasugi, Shigeru; Muto, Ryotaro; Naito, Fujio; Nakagawa, Hidetoshi; Nakamura, Shu; Niki, Kazuaki; Ohmi, Kazuhito; Ohmori, Chihiro; Okada, Masashi; Okamura, Katsuya; Oogoe, Takao; Ooya, Kazufumi; Sato, Kenichi; Sato, Yoichi; Sato, Yoshihiro; Satou, Kenichirou; Shimamoto, Masayuki; Shirakata, Masashi; Someya, Hirohiko; Sugimoto, Takuya; Takano, Junpei; Takeda, Yasuhiro; Takiyama, Yoichi; Tejima, Masaki; Toda, Makoto; Tomizawa, Masahito; Toyama, Takeshi; Uota, Masahiko; Yamada, Shuei; Yamamoto, Noboru; Yanaoka, Eiichi; Yoshii, Masahito; Harada, Hiroyuki; Hatakeyama, Shuichiro; Hotchi, Hideaki; Nomura, Masahiro; Schnase, Alexander; Shimada, Taihei; Tamura, Fumihiko; Yamamoto, Masanobu; Shimogawa, Tetsushi

2012-01-01

The slow cycling main ring synchrotron (MR) is located the furthest downstream in the J-PARC accelerator cascade. It became available for user operation in 2009 and provides high-intensity 30 GeV proton beams for various experiments on particle and nuclear physics. The MR has two beam extraction systems: a fast extraction system for beam delivery to the neutrino beam line of the Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) experiment and a slow extraction system for beam delivery to the hadron experimental hall. After a nine-month beam shutdown during the recovery from the Great East Japan Earthquake, the J-PARC facility resumed beam operation in December 2011. The MR delivers a 160-200 kW beam to the T2K experiment and a 3.5-6 kW beam to users in the hadron experimental hall. In this paper, a brief review of the MR and the recent status of beam operation are presented. Near-future plans for a beam intensity upgrade are also discussed. (author)

Gamma radiation induced enhancement in the antioxidant and radioprotective activities of flavonoids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arul Anantha Kumar, A.; Sonwani, Swetha; Bakkiam, D.

2018-01-01

Recently γ-radiation has been used as a tool to induce structural changes in natural biomolecules to enhance their biological and physiological properties. Flavonoids are a family of plant derived polyphenolic compounds having considerable scientific and therapeutic importance. Structurally they are the benzo-γ-pyrone derivatives containing phenolic and pyrane rings. Flavonoid radioprotection is an intense area of research thanks to features like natural origin, effectiveness at non-toxic dose levels and lack of side effects. But till date no report is available on the effect of γ-radiation mediated enhancement in radioprotection activity of flavonoids. In view of this the present study was carried out to determine the γ-radiation induced structural changes in selected flavonoids i.e. apigenin, naringenin and genistein and also to explore the possibility of enhancement in their antioxidant and radioprotective activities

Construction of Superconducting Magnet System for the J-PARC Neutrino Beam Line

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamoto, T.; Wanderer, P.; Sasaki, K.; Ajima, Y.; Araoka, O.; Fujii, Y.; Hastings, N.; Higashi, N.; Iida, M.; Ishii, T.; Kimura, N.; Kobayashi, T.; Makida, Y.; Nakadaira, T.; Ogitsu, T.; Ohhata, H.; Okamura, T.; Sakashita, K.; Sugawara, S.; Suzuki, S.; Tanaka, K.; Tomaru, T.; Terashima, A.; Yamamoto, A.; Ichikawa, A.; Kakuno, H.; Anerella, M.; Escallier, J.; Ganetis, G.; gupta, R.; Jain, A.; Muratore, J.; Parker, B.; Boussuge, T.; Charrier, J.-P.; Arakawa, M.; Ichihara, T.; Minato, T.; Okada, Y.; Itou, A.; Kumaki, T.; Nagami, M.; Takahashi, T.

2009-10-18

Following success of a prototype R&D, construction of a superconducting magnet system for J-PARC neutrino beam line has been carried out since 2005. A new conceptual beam line with the superconducting combined function magnets demonstrated the successful beam transport to the neutrino production target.

Material balance of the nuclear sector in 1997. Press conference of 18 March 1998; Bilan du parc nucleaire en 1997. Conference de presse du 18 mars 1998

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dupraz, Bernard; Lecocq, Pierre [Electricite de France (EDF), 75 - Paris (France)

1998-03-18

This press report of EDF about the material balance on 1997 presents the global figures stressing upon the effects of the competition policy conducted by the company in the last five years. A 11.2% reduction in the actual expenses of the PWR sector exploitation was recorded in the period 1992 - 1997. Good results were obtained in 1997 in the field of safety and new incentives have been recorded. The principles of a preventive maintenance are stipulated. The cooperation with servicing companies is reported, stressing, particularly, the issues like: the professionalism and safety culture; the amelioration of the economical transparency of enterprises; individual dosimetry - significant advances; regional cooperation; emergency exercises to correct dysfunctions; a better medical surveillance of the intervening servicing enterprises; new regulations foreseen to be in force in 1998. Issues like radioprotection and environmental protection, fuel management, the status of EPR (European Pressurized water Reactor) project are also presented. The technical assistance mission related to the developing in China of two 1000 MW nuclear projects is mentioned as well as the problems posed by the Super Phenix Reactor decommissioning.

From neutron science project to J-PARC. From the viewpoint of JAERI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oyama, Yukio

2006-01-01

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), at present Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), has been developing particle accelerators since its establishment in 1956 for obtaining basic data on the neutron. Also reactor-based neutron sciences have been developed at JAERI/JAEA. Under the so-called omega project which was started in 1988, JAERI/JAEA has been conducting researches on Engineering Test Accelerator for the nuclear transmutation and has built a Basic Test Accelerator. In 1996, a special team for neutron science promotion was organized and pushed R and D works on proton accelerators, targets, neutron engineering, radiation safety and so on. Integration of proton accelerator projects at JAERI and KEK (Institute for High Energy Physics) was proposed in 1998, and both institutes agreed to establish a unified proton accelerator facility, J-PARC. JAEA is promoting the industrial application of neutrons. Also the research on nuclear transmutation at J-PARC, which is not endorsed yet, is an essential objective for JAEA. (K.Y.)

Study of the {sup 14}C benzimidazole distribution in mice after inter-peritoneal injection; Etude de la repartition du benzimidazole {sup 14}C chez la souris apres injection intraperitoneale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tyortyalian, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-07-01

In order to provide further information on the mechanism of benzimidazole radioprotective activity, this work studies the tissual repartition in mice of this compound labelled with carbon 14. Experiments have showed that benzimidazole distribution is fast and homogeneous in all the tissues, but however affinity appears at the level of stomach and gastric content. Elimination is made through the urinary system and is very fast. (author) [French] Dans le cadre de l'etude du mecanisme de l'action radioprotectrice du benzimidazole, ce travail a pour objet l'etude de la repartition tissulaire chez la souris de ce compose marque au carbone 14. L'experimentation a montre que le benzimidazole se repartit tres rapidement et de facon pratiquement homogene dans tous les tissus, avec toutefois une affinite paraissant se manifester au niveau de l'estomac et du contenu gastrique. L'elimination, qui se fait par voie urinaire, est tres rapide. (auteur)

Proceedings of the 6. conference days on radioprotection optimization in the nuclear, industrial and medical domains

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vial, Eric; Bernier, Marie-Odile; De Vita, Antoine; Pignot, Christine; Bardelay, Chantal; Godet, Jean-Luc; Perrin, Marie-Line; Saad, Nawal; Deboodt, Pascal P.A.; Faure, Sophie; Fusil, Laurence; Alvarez, Manuel; Tourneux, C.; Barbey, Pierre; Pigree, Gilbert; Lemarchand, Maxime; Buchaniec, Remi; Rocourt, Nathalie; Bouden, Helene; Lasselin, Stephanie; Moeneclaey, Ludivine; Rebullida, Delphine; Werquin, Marie Odile; Dubus, Francois; Ponsard, Samuel; Marques, Sophie; K-Zerho, R.; Vacher, F.; Vrammout, D.; Guillot, E.; Fucks, I.; Moukarzel, Marianne; Ryckx, Nick; Verdun, Francis R.; Lefaure, Christian; Balduyck, Sebastien; Cruz Suarez, Rodolfo; ); Bouvy, Christophe; Geets, Jean-Michel; Nactergal, Benoit; Davet, Laurent; Carlier, Pierre; Lereculey, Clement; Livolsi, Paul; PIN, Alain; Ducou le Pointe, Hubert; Le Faou, Yann; Courageot, Estelle; Gaillard-Lecanu, Emmanuelle; Kutschera, Reinald; Le Meur, Gaelle; Lantheaume, Noel; Schiedts, Dominique; Nouveau, Philippe; Walterscheid, Bertrand; Humbert, Edouard; Tranchant, Philippe; Dabat-Blondeau, Charlotte; Renard, Francois; Lucas, Jean-Yves; Fritioff, Karin; Svedberg, Torgny; Carlson, Marie; Hennigor, Staffan; Schieber, Caroline; Andresz, Sylvain; Roch, Patrice; Celier, David; Aubert, Bernard; Etard, Cecile; Bouette, Aurelien; Carette, M.F.; Haddad, S.; Khalil, A.; Foulquier, J.N.; Parrot, A.; Ceyrolle, C.; Bechard, Pascal; Clero, E.; Leuraud, K.; Laurier, D.; Couzinet, M.; LE GUEN, B.; Davesne, Estelle; Blanchardon, Eric; Franck, Didier; Quesne, Benoit; De Vita, Antoine; Chojnacki, Eric; Grandeau, E.; Dumont, N.; Cattelotte, J.; Dine, Pierre Emmanuel; Guersen, Joel; Nwatsock, Joseph Francis; Boyer, Louis; Karmouche, K.; Moyon, J.B.; Cassagnes, L.; Garcier, J.M.; Lortal, B.; Caron, J.; Karst, M.; Rage, Estelle; Caer-Lorho, Sylvaine; Drubay, Damien; Ancelet, Sophie; Laurier, Dominique; Laroche, Pierre; Sans, Philippe; Tournier, Helene; Zvorykin, Sonia

2014-06-01

This 6. ALARA conference was jointly organised by the French Society of Radiation Protection (SFRP) and several professional associations (ABR, AFPPE, ARRAD, ATSR, RAMIP, SFPM, SFR). The conference was the occasion to review all aspects relative to the issues of radioprotection optimization and to its implementation to workers, patients and the public in the nuclear, industrial and medical domains. A particular attention must be given to the application of the ALARA principle in all sectors relevant to radioprotection, especially in a context characterized by: big dismantling works under preparation in the French nuclear park, an increased use of X-radiation in the medical domain - involving both patients and medical personnel, new knowledge concerning the health effects of ionizing radiations, and an evolution of European and international radioprotection safety standards. All these aspects were discussed during these conference days. This document brings together the available presentations (slides) together with their corresponding abstracts (in French) and dealing with: 1 - Review of the evolution of workers/patients exposure in France and comparison with international data (E. Vial); 2 - Status of low dose epidemiology (M.O. Bernier); 3 - Radioprotection optimization method at the MELOX plant (A. De Vita); 4 - Elaboration method for the annual dosimetric objective of the French nuclear park (C. Pignot); 5 - Optimisation principle in the new EURATOM Directive (N. Saad); 6 - Integrated management of radiological and non-radiological risks: the inevitable challenge (P. Deboodt); 7 - Radiological and conventional risks: the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) integrated approach (S. Faure); 8 - EVEREST (Evolving towards an entry into controlled areas in street clothes, M. Alvarez); 9 - Example of multi-risk management in the medical domain (C. Tourneux); 10 - Radioprotection optimisation in the research domain (P. Barbey); 11 - Child scanning dosimetry

[Study of the radioprotective effects of TMG on teratogenic malformations in irradiated mice].

Science.gov (United States)

Gu, Y; Hasegawa, T; Kim, H; Suzuki, I; Mori, T; Yamamoto, Y

2000-12-01

ICR mice fetuses in the organogenesis stage were used to clarify experimentally the mechanism of the protective effect of vitamin E derivant (TMG: 2-(alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl) methyl-2, -5, -7, -8-Teramethylchorman-6-working woman) on the effects of radiation. The authors paid careful attention to radiation, and the radioprotective effects of TMG on the induction of malformations was examined. Radiation is an important consideration because of its widespread use in the areas of medicine, nuclear energy, and industry. Malformations induced by radiation at the organogenesis stage, skeletal malformations, and the effects at the cellular level of embryos were examined in this research. Further, the mechanism of the protection effect of TMG against radiation-induced malformations was analyzed and observed experimentally. Thus, this study was done to provide fundamental data on the radioprotective agent TMG. It was clear that TMG exerted radioprotective effects against embryonic death and the rate of teratogenesis when administered before exposure. Such effects were also exerted against skeletal malformations and fetal body weight. In summary, radioprotective effects were observed at the whole-body level as well as at the cellular level.

Study of the radioprotective effects of TMG on teratogenic malformations in irradiated mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gu, Yeunhwa; Hasegawa, Takeo; Suzuki, Ikukatsu; Mori, Takehiko; Yamamoto, Youichi; Kim, Hwakon

2000-01-01

ICR mice fetuses in the organogenesis stage were used to clarify experimentally the mechanism of the protective effect of vitamin E derivant (TMG: 2- (α-D-Glucopyranosyl) methyl-2, -5, -7, -8-Teramethylchorman-6-working woman) on the effects of radiation. The authors paid careful attention to radiation, and the radioprotective effects of TMG on the induction of malformations was examined. Radiation is an important consideration because of its widespread use in the areas of medicine, nuclear energy, and industry. Malformations induced by radiation at the organogenesis stage, skeletal malformations, and the effects at the cellular level of embryos were examined in this research. Further, the mechanism of the protection effect of TMG against radiation-induced malformations was analyzed and observed experimentally. Thus, this study was done to provide fundamental data on the radioprotective agent TMG. It was clear that TMG exerted radioprotective effects against embryonic death and the rate of teratogenesis when administered before exposure. Such effects were also exerted against skeletal malformations and fetal body weight. In summary, radioprotective effects were observed at the whole-body level as well as at the cellular level. (author)

Use of herbal medicine for radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goyal, P.K.

2008-01-01

There are primarily three ways to achieve radio-protection in biological systems that have been exposed to ionizing radiation. The first is by changing the environment by physical or chemical means, or physical protection. The second is by chemical alternation of the site of radiation injury, or chemical protection. The third is by biological alternation to decrease the extent of the radiation injury

Integrated Interventions to Tackle Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production Systems: The ViParc Project in Vietnam.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrique-Mas, Juan J; Rushton, Jonathan

2017-01-01

Antimicrobial usage and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animal production is now recognized to be an important contributor to the global problem of AMR. Initiatives to curb indiscriminate antimicrobial use in animal production are currently being discussed in many low- and middle-income countries. Well-designed, scientifically sound interventions aimed to tackle excessive antimicrobial usage should provide scientists and policy makers with evidence of the highest quality to guide changes in policy and to formulate better targeted research initiatives. However, since large-scale interventions are costly, they require careful planning in order not to waste valuable resources. Here, we describe the components of the ViParc project (www.viparc.org), one of the first large-scale interventions of its kind to tackle excessive antimicrobial usage in Southeast Asian animal production systems. The project has been formulated as a "randomized before-and-after controlled study" targeting small-scale poultry farms in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It aims to provide farmers with a locally-adapted veterinary support service to help them reduce their reliance on antimicrobials. ViParc has been developed in the backdrop of efforts by the Government of Vietnam to develop a National Action Plan to reduce Antimicrobials in Livestock and Aquaculture. Crucially, the project integrates socio-economic analyses that will provide insights into the drivers of antimicrobial usage, as well as an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the proposed intervention. Information generated from ViParc should help the Government of Vietnam refine its policies to curb excessive antimicrobial usage in poultry production, while lessons from ViParc will help tackle excessive antimicrobial usage in other productions systems in Vietnam and in the broader Southeast Asian region.

Methods and Model Development for Coupled RELAP5/PARCS Analysis of the Atucha-II Nuclear Power Plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ward, A.M.; Collins, B.S.; Xu, Y.; Downar, Th.J.; Madariaga, M.

2011-01-01

In order to analyze the steady state and transient behavior of CNA-II, several tasks were required. Methods and models were developed in several areas. HELIOS lattice models were developed and benchmarked against WIMS/MCNP5 results generated by NA-SA. Cross-sections for the coupled RELAP5/PARCS calculation were extracted from HELIOS within the Gen PMAXS framework. The validation of both HELIOS and PARCS was performed primarily by comparisons to WIMS/PUMA and MCNP for idealized models. Special methods were developed to model the control rods and boron injection systems of CNA-II. The insertion of the rods is oblique, and a special routine was added to PARCS to treat this effect. CFD results combined with specialized mapping routines were used to model the boron injection system. In all cases there was good agreement in the results which provided confidence in the neutronics methods and modeling. A coupled code benchmark between U of M and U of Pisa is ongoing and results are still preliminary. Under a LOCA transient, the best estimate behavior of the core appears to be acceptable

Radioprotective properties of some heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds against changes in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value in x-irradiated mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rousdhy, H.; Pierotti, T.; Polverelli, M.

1969-01-01

Radioprotective properties of imidazole and benzimidazole have been proved in previous works. In this study, authors try to demonstrate radioprotective action of these compounds in comparison with cysteamine upon the hematopoietic system after lethal X-irradiation. Results show: no drastic variations of hematologic constants (hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value) after intraperitoneal injection of radioprotective compounds apart certain apparent reactions with the heterocyclic compounds; the better radioprotective action of benzimidazole. Twenty five days after irradiation, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit of radio protected mice return to normal values. (author) [fr

Radioprotection, biological effects of the radiations and security in the handling of radioactive material

CERN Document Server

Teran, M

2000-01-01

The development of the philosophy of the radioprotection is dependent on the understanding of the effects of the radiation in the man. Behind the fact that the radiation is able to produce biological damages there are certain factors with regard to the biological effects of the radiations that determine the boarding of the radioprotection topics.

The radioprotective effects of carboxy fullerene C3 on AHH-1 cell

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shan, Husheng; Cai, Jianming; Huang, Yuecheng; Cui, Jianguo; Liu, Hanchen; Sun, Ding; Zhao, Fang; Dong, Junru; Li, Bailong

2008-01-01

Purpose: To investigate the radioprotective effects of carboxy fullerene C 3 on AHH-1 cell and it's prospective as a novel radioprotectant. Materials and Methods: Carboxy fullerene C 3 was prepared by chemical synthesis and trypan blue rejection test was performed to detect its cytotoxicity to AHH-1 cell. Then different concentration of C 3 was used to treat AHH-1 cells after radiated with 60 Coγ ray. Annexin-V/PI staining and flow cytometry assay were applied to assess the cell proliferation and apoptosis after irradiation. Results: C 3 showed little toxicity to AHH-1 cells with little change of trypan blue rejection rate during the drug concentration range 0-400 mg/L (P>0.05). We found in this study C 3 had good radioprotective effects to AHH-1 cell radiated with 1-8 Gy γ-ray. When the concentration was 10 mg/L, C 3 showed protection effects to AHH-1 cell irradiated with 4 Gy γ -ray, which was enhanced with increase of C 3 concentration. When the final concentration reached 200-400 mg/L, the cell survival rate after irradiation was similar to that of non-irradiated control cells(P >0.05). And the irradiation induced apoptosis and death rate were significantly lower than that of single radiation group cells(P 3 were time-dependant, and the best protection effects were observed when the C 3 was administered before irradiation (0-24 h). Conclusion: Carboxy fullerene C 3 has good radioprotective effects to AHH-1 cell, which is dose-dependent, and the higher concentration of C 3 is, the better protective effects it shows. In the effective drug concentration range of this study, C 3 do little harm on the survival rate of AHH-1 cell, which suggest that C 3 as a novel promising radioprotectant deserve to be further investigated. (author)

Radioprotection in the infirmary praxis in service of hemodynamic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Flor, Rita de Cassia; Gelbcke, Francine Lima

2011-01-01

Qualitative study made in a hemodynamic service at Santa Catarina, Brazil, viewing to analyse the attitude of workers in infirmary related to the use of radioprotection measurements in interventionist procedures. A methodology of Labor Psycho dynamics was used through the observations, collective interviews and the document analysis. Totally it was realized 36 encounters, completed a total of 54 observation hours. The results have shown that the workers used defense strategies for justification the not use of some radioprotection measurements. Yet, become evident that the measurements related to the distance from the radiation source and the exposure time have not used sometimes, perhaps due to negligence. Finally, it was concluded that, some attitudes adopted by the workers referred to the lack of a continued educational program

Radioprotective property of the ethanolic extract of Piper betel leaf

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhattacharya, S.; Roychowdhury, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.K.; Subramanian, M.; Bauri, A.K.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Kamat, J.P.

2005-01-01

The radioprotective activity of Piper betel ethanolic extract (PE) has been studied using rat liver mitochondria and pBR 322 plasmid DNA as two model in vitro systems. The extract effectively prevented γ-ray induced lipid peroxidation as assessed by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates, lipid hydroperoxide and conjugated diene. Likewise, it prevented radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in a concentration dependent manner. The radioprotective activity of PE could be attributed to its hydroxyl and superoxide radicals scavenging property along with its lymphoproliferative activity. The radical scavenging capacity of PE was primarily due to its constituent phenolics, which were isolated and identified as chevibetol and allyl pyrocatechol. (author)

Radioprotection of targeted and bystander cells by methylproamine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Burdak-Rothkamm, Susanne [Queen' s University Belfast, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Belfast (United Kingdom); Oxford University Hospitals, Cellular Pathology, Oxford (United Kingdom); Smith, Andrea; Lobachevsky, Pavel; Martin, Roger [Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Molecular Radiation Biology Laboratory, Melbourne (Australia); University of Melbourne, The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, Melbourne (Australia); Prise, Kevin M. [Queen' s University Belfast, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Belfast (United Kingdom)

2014-09-23

Radioprotective agents are of interest for application in radiotherapy for cancer and in public health medicine in the context of accidental radiation exposure. Methylproamine is the lead compound of a class of radioprotectors which act as DNA binding anti-oxidants, enabling the repair of transient radiation-induced oxidative DNA lesions. This study tested methylproamine for the radioprotection of both directly targeted and bystander cells. T98G glioma cells were treated with 15 μM methylproamine and exposed to {sup 137}Cs γ-ray/X-ray irradiation and He{sup 2+} microbeam irradiation. Radioprotection of directly targeted cells and bystander cells was measured by clonogenic survival or γH2AX assay. Radioprotection of directly targeted T98G cells by methylproamine was observed for {sup 137}Cs γ-rays and X-rays but not for He{sup 2+} charged particle irradiation. The effect of methylproamine on the bystander cell population was tested for both X-ray irradiation and He{sup 2+} ion microbeam irradiation. The X-ray bystander experiments were carried out by medium transfer from irradiated to non-irradiated cultures and three experimental designs were tested. Radioprotection was only observed when recipient cells were pretreated with the drug prior to exposure to the conditioned medium. In microbeam bystander experiments targeted and nontargeted cells were co-cultured with continuous methylproamine treatment during irradiation and postradiation incubation; radioprotection of bystander cells was observed. Methylproamine protected targeted cells from DNA damage caused by γ-ray or X-ray radiation but not He{sup 2+} ion radiation. Protection of bystander cells was independent of the type of radiation which the donor population received. (orig.) [German] Radioprotektive Agenzien sind sowohl in der Strahlentherapie von Krebserkrankungen als auch im Strahlenschutz im Zusammenhang mit akzidenteller Exposition von Bedeutung. Methylproamine ist die Leitsubstanz einer Klasse von

Radioprotective activity of curcumin-encapsulated liposomes against genotoxicity caused by Gamma Cobalt-60 irradiation in human blood cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Nguyen, Minh-Hiep; Pham, Ngoc-Duy; Dong, Bingxue; Nguyen, Thi-Huynh-Nga; Bui, Chi-Bao; Hadinoto, Kunn

2017-11-01

While the radioprotective activity of curcumin against genotoxicity has been well established, its poor oral bioavailability has limited its successful clinical applications. Nanoscale formulations, including liposomes, have been demonstrated to improve curcumin bioavailability. The objective of the present work was (1) to prepare and characterize curcumin-encapsulated liposomes (i.e. size, colloidal stability, encapsulation efficiency, and payload), and (2) subsequently to evaluate their radioprotective activity against genotoxicity in human blood cells caused by Gamma Cobalt-60 irradiation. The curcumin-encapsulated liposomes were prepared by lipid-film hydration method using commercial phosphatidylcholine (i.e. Phospholipon ® 90G). The blood cells were obtained from healthy male donors (n = 3) under an approved ethics protocol. The cell uptake and the radioprotective activity of the curcumin-encapsulated liposomes were characterized by fluorescence microscopy and micronucleus assay, respectively. Nanoscale curcumin-encapsulated liposomes exhibiting good physical characteristics and successful uptake by the human blood cells were successfully prepared. The radioprotective activity of the curcumin-encapsulated liposomes was found to be dependent on the curcumin concentration, where an optimal concentration existed (i.e. 30 μg/mL) independent of the irradiation dose, above which the radioprotective activity had become stagnant (i.e. no more reduction in the micronuclei frequency). The present results established for the first time the radioprotective activity of curcumin-encapsulated liposomes in human blood cells, which coupled by its well-established bioavailability, boded well for its potential application as a nanoscale delivery system of other radioprotective phytochemicals.

Nature et évolution de la microflore du bois de chêne au cours de son séchage et de son vieillissement a l'air libre

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pascal Chatonnet

1994-09-01

Full Text Available Pendant le séchage naturel et le vieillissement à l'air libre du bois de chêne débité en merrain, on assiste à l'envahissement progressif du bois par différents micro-organismes. On a identifié dans ce travail 19 genres et 27 espèces de champignons, 2 genres et au moins 4 espèces de bactéries. La très grande majorité des micro-organismes est localisée dans les couches superficielles du bois. Seuls certains champignons sont retrouvés au coeur du merrain ayant vieilli 5 ans et plus sur parc. La déshydratation rapide du bois semble limiter le développement et l'envahissement en profondeur par les moisissures. Un champignon basidiomycète à arthroconidies, non formellement identifié, qui produit une pourriture blanche, a été isolé dans des merrains stockés 10 ans à l'air libre. Excepté ce champignon particulier, qui grâce à un équipement enzymatique adapté est susceptible d'attaquer simultanément tous les constituants pariétaux, les autres micro-organismes identifiés sont essentiellement cellulolytiques et ne peuvent pas altérer profondément la composition ni la structure du bois. En revanche, ils devraient pouvoir augmenter notablement la perméabilité et l'accessiblité aux liquides des couches superficielles du merrain et faciliter l'implantation ultérieure de basidiomycètes lignolytiques.

Sustained release of radioprotective agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shani, J.

1980-11-01

New pharmaceutical formulations for the sustained release into the G.I. tract of radioprotective agents have been developed by the authors. The experimental method initially consisted in the production of methylcellulose microcapsules. This method failed apparently because of the premature ''explosion'' of the microcapsules and the consequent premature release of massive amounts of the drug. A new method has been developed which consists in drying and pulverising cysteamine and cysteine preparations, mixing them in various proportions with stearic acid and ethylcellulose as carriers. The mixture is then compressed into cylindrical tablets at several pressure values and the leaching rate of the radioprotective agents is then measured by spectrophotometry. The relation between the concentration of the active drug and its rate of release, and the effect on the release rate of the pressure applied to the tablet during its formation were also investigated. Results indicating that the release rate was linearly related to the square root of ''t'' seem to be in agreement with what is predictable, according to Higuchi's equation, save for the very initial and terminal phases. A clear correlation was also established between the stearic acid/ethylcellulose ratios and the release of 20% cysteine, namely a marked decrease in the rate of cysteine release was observed with increasing concentrations of stearic acid. Finally, it was observed that a higher formation pressure results in quicker release of the drug

Tinned fish with radioprotective ingredients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaneva, M.; Minkova, M.; Zajko, G.

1992-01-01

A survey of food ingredients with pronounced radioprotective properties is made. The protective effect of fish proteins and some vegetable oils is mentioned. As suitable additives to tinned fish during the manufacturing process the β carotene, anthocyans and apple pectin are pointed out. β-carotene possesses the ability to absorb radiations. It can be added either as a pure crystalline substance or dissolved in the vegetable oil. Anthocyans have an antimutagen effect due to their ability to inhibit free radical reactions. Some vegetable polyphenols can be added with wine. The Bulgarian anthocyan concentrate Enobagrin (made by extraction of marc and wine) is also proposed. A combination of Enobagrin, β-tocopherol and pyracetam decreases the postradiation hypoplasia. Special attention is paid to the importance of the pectin in intoxication with heavy radioactive metals. It is thought that the pectin forms unsoluble complex compounds with Fe, Zn, Cd, Co, Pb, Hg, Mn, Cr. The binding energy depends on the available carboxylic groups. Some experiments showing the interaction of the pectin with 90 Sr are mentioned. In the tinned fish the pectin can be introduced with tomato paste. Vegetables rich in pectin and carotene - carrots and tomato concentrate - can be added as well. Proposed enriched tinned fish can be used as a preventive radioprotective food under conditions of increased radiation risk. 19 refs

On the radioprotective effect of biotin (vitamin H)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perepelkin, S.R.; Egorova, N.D.; Katsitadze, V.A.

1977-01-01

It has been shown on rats exposed to a whole-body X-irradiation with 600 R that food rich in vitamin H (biotin) causes a radioprotective effect. Most effective were the vitamin doses of 4.0 and 8.0 μg/rat

Biochemical and molecular genetic approaches on the radioprotective mechanism of natural products

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jeong Hee; Lee, Eun Ju; Sung, Woo Kyung; Piao, Wen Hua [Kyunghee University, Seoul (Korea)

1999-04-01

We reported the radio-protective effect of DTT. The treatment of DTT increased cell survival after gamma-irradiation, decreased in the frequencies of micronucleus, and reduction in DNA fragmentation and apoptotic cells. Induction of apoptosis after UV-C irradiation was revealed by the changes in the relative cell death, increase in the relative amount of apoptotic cells, and the induction of DNA fragmentation. About 100 medicinal plants were purchased and methanol extract samples were prepared. Radio-protective and radio-sensitizing activities of these samples were screened. Seven samples showed above 20% radio-protective activities: Salvia miltiorrhiza, Areca catechu, Cornus officinalis, Alpiniae officinari rhizoma, Meliae fructus, Alpiniae katsumadaii semen, Betulae cortex. Acanthopanax sessiliflous showed the highest radio-sensitizing effect and 10 other samples revealed moderate activities: Melia japonica, Agastache rugosa, Platycodon gradiflorum, Broussonetia bazinoki, Angelica gigas, Inula helenium, Chelidonium majus, Pulsatilla koreana, Oldenlandia diffusa, Dioscorea batatas. (author). 49 refs., 9 figs., 7 tabs.

Radioprotective activity of Gentiana lutea extract and mangiferin.

Science.gov (United States)

Menkovic, Nebojsa; Juranic, Zorica; Stanojkovic, Tatjana; Raonic-Stevanovic, Tatjana; Savikin, Katarina; Zdunić, Gordana; Borojevic, Nenad

2010-11-01

Radioprotective/sensitizing actions of Gentiana lutea aqueous-ethanol extract and mangiferin on radiation-induced effects on different types of cells were investigated. The study focused on the decreasing survival of normal human immunocompetent cells, the survival of the malignant cells in vitro, and the survival of ex vivo irradiated cells before and after consumption of the extract by healthy volunteers. The in vitro experiments showed that mangiferin could inhibit cytotoxic action of ionizing irradiation (doses of 6 and 8 Gy) only on normal resting human PBMC, not stimulated for proliferation. Orally consumed G. lutea extract showed the potential to reduce the cytotoxic effect of x-ray irradiation on normal human immunocompetent cells PBMC of some healthy people, without changing the susceptibility of malignant cells to be destroyed by irradiation. Since the radioprotective effect was individually dependent, further clinical studies are needed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Integrated Interventions to Tackle Antimicrobial Usage in Animal Production Systems: The ViParc Project in Vietnam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan J. Carrique-Mas

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Antimicrobial usage and antimicrobial resistance (AMR in animal production is now recognized to be an important contributor to the global problem of AMR. Initiatives to curb indiscriminate antimicrobial use in animal production are currently being discussed in many low- and middle-income countries. Well-designed, scientifically sound interventions aimed to tackle excessive antimicrobial usage should provide scientists and policy makers with evidence of the highest quality to guide changes in policy and to formulate better targeted research initiatives. However, since large-scale interventions are costly, they require careful planning in order not to waste valuable resources. Here, we describe the components of the ViParc project (www.viparc.org, one of the first large-scale interventions of its kind to tackle excessive antimicrobial usage in Southeast Asian animal production systems. The project has been formulated as a “randomized before-and-after controlled study” targeting small-scale poultry farms in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It aims to provide farmers with a locally-adapted veterinary support service to help them reduce their reliance on antimicrobials. ViParc has been developed in the backdrop of efforts by the Government of Vietnam to develop a National Action Plan to reduce Antimicrobials in Livestock and Aquaculture. Crucially, the project integrates socio-economic analyses that will provide insights into the drivers of antimicrobial usage, as well as an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of the proposed intervention. Information generated from ViParc should help the Government of Vietnam refine its policies to curb excessive antimicrobial usage in poultry production, while lessons from ViParc will help tackle excessive antimicrobial usage in other productions systems in Vietnam and in the broader Southeast Asian region.

La communication de recrutement dans le milieu hospitalier

OpenAIRE

Medina, Pablo

2011-01-01

Le développement de la communication institutionnelle et du marketing au sein des institutions hospitalières est très influencé par les changements qui ont lieu dans le milieu sanitaire. La communication de recrutement est l’une des activités les plus stratégiques dans ce cadre, non seulement parce qu’elle répond à des objectifs organisationnels très précis, mais aussi parce qu’elle contribue au développement du champ de la communication institutionnelle dans les hôpitaux. Mais, pour y réussi...

Polarized neutron spectrometer for inelastic experiments at J-PARC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yokoo Tetsuya

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Construction of the newly developed polarization analysis neutron chopper spectrometer (POLANO commenced in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC, Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF. The POLANO is a direct geometry chopper spectrometer with neutron polarization analysis capability. In the suite of inelastic spectrometers, six instruments are now in operation. POLANO will be the only spectrometer dedicated to polarization analysis experiments. The primary phase of the construction will be completed by 2014 with beam commissioning scheduled for 2015.

Development of a coupled PARCS/RELAPS model of the Ringhals-3 PWR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Banati, J.; Demaziere, C.; Staalek, M.

2006-01-01

This paper deals with the development of a coupled PARCS/RELAPS model of the Swedish Ringhals-3 pressurized water reactor. The stand-alone PARCS and RELAP5 models are first presented. On the neutronic side, the dependence of the material constants on history effects, burnup, and instantaneous conditions is accounted for, and the full heterogeneity of the core is thus taken into account. The reflectors are also explicitly represented. On the thermal-hydraulic side, each of the 157 fuel assemblies is modeled. The model is furthermore able to handle possible asymmetrical conditions of the flow field between the loops. The coupling between the two codes is then reported, with emphasis on the mapping between the hydrodynamic/heat structures and the neutronic nodes. Preliminary coupling tests for steady-state calculations were successfully performed and comparisons against plant measured data demonstrate a very good agreement of the model with the measurements. The coupled model will be later on used for analyzing the consequences of the power up-rate planned for this reactor, via the simulation of a few limiting transients. (authors)

Radioprotective Effect of Lidocaine on Function and Ultrastructure of Salivary Glands Receiving Fractionated Radiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hakim, Samer George, E-mail: samer.hakim@mkg-chir.mu-luebeck.de [Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Benedek, Geza Attila [Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Su Yuxiong [Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guanghua (China); Jacobsen, Hans Christian [Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Klinger, Matthias [Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Dendorfer, Andreas [Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Hemmelmann, Claudia [Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Meller, Birgit [Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Nadrowitz, Roger; Rades, Dirk [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany); Sieg, Peter [Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Luebeck, Luebeck (Germany)

2012-03-15

Purpose: Radiation-induced xerostomia still represents a common side effect after radiotherapy for head-and-neck malignancies. The aim of the present study was to examine the radioprotective effect of lidocaine hydrochloride during fractionated radiation in an experimental animal model. Methods and Materials: To evaluate the influence of different radiation doses on salivary gland function and the radioprotective effect of lidocaine, rabbits were irradiated with 15, 25, 30, and 35 Gy (equivalent doses in 2-Gy fractions equivalent to 24, 40, 48, and 56 Gy, respectively). Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 and 12 mg/kg) was administered before every radiation fraction in the treatment groups. Salivary gland function was assessed by flow sialometry and sialoscintigraphy, and the morphologic changes were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Results: Functional impairment was first observed after 35 Gy and pretreatment with lidocaine improved radiation tolerance of both parotid and submandibular glands. The use of 12 mg/kg lidocaine was superior and displayed significant radioprotection with regard to flow sialometry and sialoscintigraphy. The ultrastructure was largely preserved after pretreatment with both lidocaine doses. Conclusions: Lidocaine represents an effective radioprotective agent and a promising approach for clinical application to avoid radiation-induced functional impairment of salivary glands.

Radioprotective Effect of Lidocaine on Function and Ultrastructure of Salivary Glands Receiving Fractionated Radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hakim, Samer George; Benedek, Gèza Attila; Su Yuxiong; Jacobsen, Hans Christian; Klinger, Matthias; Dendorfer, Andreas; Hemmelmann, Claudia; Meller, Birgit; Nadrowitz, Roger; Rades, Dirk; Sieg, Peter

2012-01-01

Purpose: Radiation-induced xerostomia still represents a common side effect after radiotherapy for head-and-neck malignancies. The aim of the present study was to examine the radioprotective effect of lidocaine hydrochloride during fractionated radiation in an experimental animal model. Methods and Materials: To evaluate the influence of different radiation doses on salivary gland function and the radioprotective effect of lidocaine, rabbits were irradiated with 15, 25, 30, and 35 Gy (equivalent doses in 2-Gy fractions equivalent to 24, 40, 48, and 56 Gy, respectively). Lidocaine hydrochloride (10 and 12 mg/kg) was administered before every radiation fraction in the treatment groups. Salivary gland function was assessed by flow sialometry and sialoscintigraphy, and the morphologic changes were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. Results: Functional impairment was first observed after 35 Gy and pretreatment with lidocaine improved radiation tolerance of both parotid and submandibular glands. The use of 12 mg/kg lidocaine was superior and displayed significant radioprotection with regard to flow sialometry and sialoscintigraphy. The ultrastructure was largely preserved after pretreatment with both lidocaine doses. Conclusions: Lidocaine represents an effective radioprotective agent and a promising approach for clinical application to avoid radiation-induced functional impairment of salivary glands.

Radioprotective effect of the β-carotene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Ying; Huang Meiying; Zhu Gengbo; Yin Zhiwei; Fang Jixi; Fan Xiudi

1991-09-01

The radioprotective effect of β-carotene was studied in animals. The results showed: 1) The chronic death rate decreased; 2) The peripheral leukocytes and spleen-B-Lymph cells increased; 3) The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood increased; 4) The β-carotene has the function of protecting the structure of the organs of thymus and testes; 5) The free asparagine (Asn) in the plasma increased and proline decreased

Methods and Model Development for Coupled RELAP5/PARCS Analysis of the Atucha-II Nuclear Power Plant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrew M. Ward

2011-01-01

Full Text Available In order to analyze the steady state and transient behavior of CNA-II, several tasks were required. Methods and models were developed in several areas. HELIOS lattice models were developed and benchmarked against WIMS/MCNP5 results generated by NA-SA. Cross-sections for the coupled RELAP5/PARCS calculation were extracted from HELIOS within the GenPMAXS framework. The validation of both HELIOS and PARCS was performed primarily by comparisons to WIMS/PUMA and MCNP for idealized models. Special methods were developed to model the control rods and boron injection systems of CNA-II. The insertion of the rods is oblique, and a special routine was added to PARCS to treat this effect. CFD results combined with specialized mapping routines were used to model the boron injection system. In all cases there was good agreement in the results which provided confidence in the neutronics methods and modeling. A coupled code benchmark between U of M and U of Pisa is ongoing and results are still preliminary. Under a LOCA transient, the best estimate behavior of the core appears to be acceptable.

Superconducting magnet system for the J-PARC neutrino beam line. Development, construction and operation of superconducting magnets

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasaki, Ken-ichi; Nakamoto, Tatsushi; Ajima, Yasuo; Okamura, Takahiro; Ogitsu, Toru; Kimura, Nobuhiro; Terashima, Akio; Tomaru, Takayuki; Higashi, Norio

2010-01-01

Superconducting combined-function magnets have been utilized for the 50-GeV, 750-kW proton beam line in the J-PARC neutrino experiment. The magnets are designed to provide a dipole field of 2.6 T combined with a quadrupole field of 19 T/m in a coil aperture of 173.4 mm at a nominal current of 7,345 A. Following the success of a prototype R and D project, a superconducting magnet system for the J-PARC neutrino beam line has been constructed since 2005. Using a new conceptual beam line with the superconducting combined-function magnets has demonstrated successful beam transport to the target neutrino production. (author)

Activity report of the medical section of radioprotection, 1974-1975

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-01-01

This report supersides the activities of the medical section of the Radioprotection Department of the Orsay Institute of Nuclear Physics: industrial medicine, monitoring of ionizing radiation effects [fr

Analysis of the OECD/NRC BWR Turbine Trip Transient Benchmark with the Coupled Thermal-Hydraulics and Neutronics Code TRAC-M/PARCS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Deokjung; Downar, Thomas J.; Ulses, Anthony; Akdeniz, Bedirhan; Ivanov, Kostadin N.

2004-01-01

An analysis of the Peach Bottom Unit 2 Turbine Trip 2 (TT2) experiment has been performed using the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission coupled thermal-hydraulics and neutronics code TRAC-M/PARCS. The objective of the analysis was to assess the performance of TRAC-M/PARCS on a BWR transient with significance in two-phase flow and spatial variations of the neutron flux. TRAC-M/PARCS results are found to be in good agreement with measured plant data for both steady-state and transient phases of the benchmark. Additional analyses of four fictitious extreme scenarios are performed to provide a basis for code-to-code comparisons and comprehensive testing of the thermal-hydraulics/neutronics coupling. The obtained results of sensitivity studies on the effect of direct moderator heating on transient simulation indicate the importance of this modeling aspect

S-omega carboxamidinoalkyl isothiurea compounds. VI. Radioprotective testing on E. coli

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Minkova, M; Pantev, T [Nauchno-Izsledovatelski Inst. po Radiologiya i Radiatsionna Khigiena, Sofia (Bulgaria)

1975-01-01

The radioprotective effect of eight newly synthesized potential radioprotectors from the group of the S-omega carboxamidinoalkyl isothiourea compounds is studied. The protective activity of these compounds is evaluated according to the ability of E. coli B to form colonies. Exponential culture of this strain were exposed to 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kR of gamma rays (Cobalt 60) in the presence of the tested compounds administered in experimentally established nontoxic concentrations 15 minutes before irradiation. Five of the eight compounds tested showed radioprotective effect which was more prominent at the higher doses. As a result of this, cell survival was increased by one order.

Radioprotection of vitamin D on mice injured by irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Xiaohui; Zhou Zhengyu; Li Bingyan; Nie Jihua; Tong Jian; Zhang Zengli

2008-01-01

To investigate the radioprotective effect of vitamin D against irradiation injury, the mice exposed to 60 Co γ-rays at 6 Gy was treated with preparation of vitamin D(Alfacalcidol Soft Capsules). Cell cycle and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) following staining of cells with propidium iodide (PI). Peripheral blood cell counts were analyzed by autoanalyzer. It has been found that vitamin D significantly increases white blood cell (WBC) counts, decreases bone marrow PEC micronucleus rate. FCM analysis shows that compared with damaged group, G2 and S phases of bone marrow cells in vitamin D protection group increases significantly at 24 h after whole body irradiation, whereas G1 phase cells decrease at the same times. So vitamin D might be a new radioprotection agent and it should be deserved further study. (authors)

Actual knowledge about some plants with radioprotective effect and about the research of possibilities their use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skalka, J.

2004-01-01

Study was undertaken to refer to me importance of radiological protection of human and animal species, especially. After the crash of nuclear power station in Chernobyl, Ukraine, an enormous natural catastrophe. The world wide research programs are dedicated to vearch for plants with radioprotective effect. Apparently representing sea vegetation, brown algae, were considered to have a radioprotective effect just as a large amount of plants representing terrestrial flora. The direction of research programs in the world continues in identification of other unknown plants having radioprotective effect. We would like to direct our research interests in this direction and use enormous possibilities of our rich and various vegetation. (author)

Prospects of open charm production at GSI-FAIR and J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Riedl, J.; Schaefer, A.; Stratmann, M.

2007-01-01

We present a detailed phenomenological study of the prospects of open charm physics at the future pp and pp facilities GSI-FAIR and J-PARC, respectively. In particular, we concentrate on the differential cross sections and the charge and longitudinal double-spin asymmetries at next-to-leading order accuracy. Theoretical uncertainties for the proposed observables are estimated by varying the charm quark mass and the renormalization and factorization scales. (orig.)

Trace coupled with PARCS benchmark against Leibstadt plant data during the turbine trip test

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekhri, Abdelkrim; Baumann, Peter, E-mail: abdelkrim.sekhri@kkl.ch, E-mail: peter.Baumann@kkl.ch [KernkraftwerkLeibstadt AG, Leibstadt (Switzerland); Hidalga, Patricio; Morera, Daniel; Miro, Rafael; Barrachina, Teresa; Verdu, Gumersindo, E-mail: pathigar@etsii.upv.es, E-mail: dmorera@isirym.upv.es, E-mail: rmiro@isirym.upv.es, E-mail: tbarrachina@isirym.upv.es, E-mail: gverdu@isirym.upv.es [Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (ISIRYM/UPV), Valencia, (Spain). Institute for Industrial, Radiophysical and Environmental Safety

2013-07-01

In order to enhance the modeling of Nuclear Power Plant Leibstadt (KKL), the coupling of 3D neutron kinetics PARCS code with TRACE has been developed. To test its performance a complex transient of Turbine Trip has been simulated comparing the results with the existing plant data of Turbine Trip test. For this transient also Cross Sections have been generated and used by PARCS. The thermal-hydraulic TRACE model is retrieved from the already existing model. For the benchmarking the Turbine Trip transient has been simulated according to the test resulting in the closure of the turbine control valve (TCV) and the following opening of the bypass valve (TBV). This transient caused a pressure shock wave towards the Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) which provoked the decreasing of the void level and the consequent slight power excursion. The power control capacity of the system showed a good response with the procedure of a Selected Rod Insertion (SRI) and the recirculation loops performance which resulted in the proper thermal power reduction comparable to APRM data recorder from the plant. The comparison with plant data shows good agreement in general and assesses the performance of the coupled model. Due to this, it can be concluded that the coupling of PARCS and TRACE codes in addition with the Cross Section used works successfully for simulating the behavior of the reactor core during complex plant transients. Nevertheless the TRACE model shall be improved and the core neutronics corresponding to the test shall be used in the future to allow quantitative comparison between TRACE and plant recorded data. (author)

Radioprotective effect of the pollen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jiang Ying; Zhu Gengbo; Huang Meiying; Yin Zhiwei; Fang Jixi; Fan Xiudi

1990-10-01

The radioprotective injury effect of pollen in animals was studied. Research came to the conclusion that: (1) the acute death rate of animals is decreased by the pollen; (2) the peripheral leukocytes and spleen-B-lymph cells of animals are increased by the pollen; (3) the activity of superoxide dimutase (SOD) in the erythrocytes of animals is increased by the pollen; (4) the pollen has the function of protecting the structure of the organs of thymus and testes and so on; (5) the plasma hydroxyproline of animals is remarkably decreased by the pollen

Industrial irradiators and their radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rodrigues Junior, Ary de Araujo (ed.)

2018-04-01

In this book you will learn how the gamma irradiators and accelerators for industry and research applications work and all the radioprotection safety items that should be followed when operating them. This book was written mainly for those who intend to become Radiation Safety Officers (RSO) responsible for the operation of gamma irradiators, but it is also useful to business people who plan to embark on this area or for those who are simply curious. This book is only an introduction to the subject and is far from being exhaustive. (author)

Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on science at J-PARC. Unlocking the mysteries of life, matter and the universe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-09-01

It is really our pleasure to be able to issue the proceeding of the symposium with numerous high quality scientific papers encompassing areas of high intensity accelerators, particle and nuclear physics, materials and life sciences, in particular, with neutron and muon, and accelerator driven nuclear transmutation technology. I think this special paper assembly is a showcase of J-PARC as a multipurpose facility, which is a key demonstration of characteristics of J-PARC as the multipurpose facility. During the three-day discussion, we had an opportunity to focus on all these important issues in depth and consider the scientific outlook toward J-PARC for the subsequent decades and beyond, which will benefit all stakeholders and contribute to scientific evolution worldwide. This issue is the collection of 402 papers presented at the entitled meeting. The 215 of the presented papers are indexed individually. (J.P.N.)

Investigations with beagles about toxicity and radioprotective effect of the chemical radioprotection substance WR 2721

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wagner, M.; Sedlmeier, H.; Wustrow, T.; Messerschmidt, O.

1980-01-01

The toxicity of the chemical radioprotection substance WR 2721 (S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethyl-thiophosphate) was examined in 25 beagles. The study showed that the toxicity of the substance increases as the dose gets higher. Between the doses 200 and 250 mg/kg of body weight, the increase of toxicity was significantly greater than could be expected on the basis of the dose difference. Until a dose of 200 mg/kg, the authors found no side effects which would have disturbed vital functions, but higher doses led to marked symptoms of intoxication. (orig.) [de

Physico-chemical basis of radioprotection by melanin: a fungal pigment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barik, A.; Kunwar, A.; Singh, B.G.; Priyadarsini, K.I.; Raghukumar, S.

2014-01-01

Melanin is a biopolymer with wide spread biological activity like protection from UV-radiation damage, decrease of oxidative stress, binding to metals and drugs etc. Recently it has been observed that melanized fungal species grow in areas of high-radiation background in Chernobyl, and also in cooling pool water of nuclear reactors. Some of these organisms survived even after radiation exposure up to 6400 Gy. This prompted us to evaluate the radioprotecting ability of melanin. Although there are various types of melanin available, for the present radioprotection studies, melanin isolated from the culture filtrate of a fungus Gliocephalotrichum simplex was used. Chemically this particular type of melanin is the oligomeric form of dihydroxy indole and dihydroxy indole carboxylic acid and termed as eumelanin. Due to the presence of dihydroxy group in the benzene ring, they are in equilibrium with the partially oxidized (semiquinone radical form) and fully oxidized (quinone, non-radical) form. The radical nature of melanin was detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum and quantitative estimation of radical was made, in terms of spin density i. e. as 6.62 x 1017 spins/g. The protective activity of melanin was primarily due to inhibition of radiation-induced hematopoietic damages as evidenced by improvement in spleen parameters. To further understand the physico-chemical properties associated with radioprotection, reactions radiolytically generated free radicals with melanin was studied using pulse radiolysis

Aminoacids used as radioprotective substances against Cs137 and Sr90 mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Danetskaya, E.V.; Ramzaev, P.V.; Troitskaya, M.N.

1978-01-01

An experimental study on white rats into the radioprotective action of ten essential amino acids has that valine, arginine, and histidine all effect appreciably the life span and absorbed doses of the principal radionuclides, 137 Cs and 90 Sr. When these amino acids are fed to rats, the survival rate increases and hemopoiesis tends to return to normal more rapidly; the reproductive function is unaffected. The mechanism of radioprotective action of these amino acids has been studied inadequately, but they seem to have a role to play in the metabolism of sulfur-containing compounds. The remaining amino acids have no protective action

TRACE/PARCS analysis of the OECD/NEA Oskarshamn-2 BWR stability benchmark

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kozlowski, T. [Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Downar, T.; Xu, Y.; Wysocki, A. [Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Ivanov, K.; Magedanz, J.; Hardgrove, M. [Pennsylvania State Univ., Univ. Park, PA (United States); March-Leuba, J. [Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Hudson, N.; Woodyatt, D. [Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Rockville, MD (United States)

2012-07-01

On February 25, 1999, the Oskarshamn-2 NPP experienced a stability event which culminated in diverging power oscillations with a decay ratio of about 1.4. The event was successfully modeled by the TRACE/PARCS coupled code system, and further analysis of the event is described in this paper. The results show very good agreement with the plant data, capturing the entire behavior of the transient including the onset of instability, growth of the oscillations (decay ratio) and oscillation frequency. This provides confidence in the prediction of other parameters which are not available from the plant records. The event provides coupled code validation for a challenging BWR stability event, which involves the accurate simulation of neutron kinetics (NK), thermal-hydraulics (TH), and TH/NK. coupling. The success of this work has demonstrated the ability of the 3-D coupled systems code TRACE/PARCS to capture the complex behavior of BWR stability events. The problem was released as an international OECD/NEA benchmark, and it is the first benchmark based on measured plant data for a stability event with a DR greater than one. Interested participants are invited to contact authors for more information. (authors)

The radioprotective effect of a new aminothiol (20-PRA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dolabela, M.F.; Lopes, M.T.P.; Pereira, M.T.; Steffani, G.M.; Pilo-Veloso, D.; Salas, C.E.; Nelson, D.L.

1998-01-01

We examined the radioprotective effect of aminothiol 2-N-propylamine-cyclohexane thiol (20-PRA) on a human leukemic cell line (K562) following various radiation doses (5,7.5 and 20 Gy) using a source of 60 Co γ-rays. At 5 Gy and 1nM 20-PRA, a substantial protective effect (58%) was seen 24 h after irradiation, followed by a decrease at 48 h (11%). At the high radiation dose (20 Gy) a low protective effect was also seen (35%). In addition, the anti tumorigenic potential of 10 nM 20-PRA was shown by the inhibition of crown gall formation induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The radioprotective potency of 20-PRA is 10 5- 10 6 times higher than that of the aminothiol WR-1065 (N(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-diamino propane) whose protective effect is in the 0.1 to 1.0 nM range. (author)

The radioprotective effect of a new aminothiol (20-PRA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.F. Dolabela

1998-08-01

Full Text Available We examined the radioprotective effect of aminothiol 2-N-propylamine-cyclo-hexanethiol (20-PRA on a human leukemic cell line (K562 following various radiation doses (5, 7.5 and 20 Gy using a source of 60Co g-rays. At 5 Gy and 1 nM 20-PRA, a substantial protective effect (58% was seen 24 h after irradiation, followed by a decrease at 48 h (11%. At the high radiation dose (20 Gy a low protective effect was also seen (35%. In addition, the antitumorigenic potential of 10 nM 20-PRA was shown by the inhibition of crown gall formation induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The radioprotective potency of 20-PRA is 105-106 times higher than that of the aminothiol WR-1065 (N-(2-mercaptoethyl-1,3-diaminopropane whose protective effect is in the 0.1 to 1.0 mM range.

Some aspects of radioprotection assurance in radiodiagnostic service activity from Chisinau municipality in 2006-2007

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosca, A.; Stanchevici, V.; Balanel, V.; Danga, V.

2007-01-01

Together with the accordance of specialized medical assistance, the population of Chisinau municipality needs the accordance of general radiodiagnostic and interventional qualitative assistance. The permanent multi-institutional supervision offers partial optimization of radioprotection in the Republic Medical and Sanitary Institutions (PMSI) of Chisinau municipality. The qualitative optimization of radioprotection in PMSI of Chisinau municipality can be assured while being supplied with the operation radio diagnostic equipment. (authors)

New precise measurement of muonium hyperfine structure interval at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ueno, Y., E-mail: yueno@radphys4.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Aoki, M. [Osaka University, Graduate School of Science (Japan); Fukao, Y. [KEK (Japan); Higashi, Y.; Higuchi, T. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Iinuma, H.; Ikedo, Y. [KEK (Japan); Ishida, K. [RIKEN (Japan); Ito, T. U. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency (Japan); Iwasaki, M. [RIKEN (Japan); Kadono, R. [KEK (Japan); Kamigaito, O. [RIKEN (Japan); Kanda, S. [University of Tokyo, Department of Physics (Japan); Kawall, D. [University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Department of Physics (United States); Kawamura, N.; Koda, A.; Kojima, K. M. [KEK (Japan); Kubo, M. K. [International Christian University, Graduate School of Arts and Science (Japan); Matsuda, Y. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Mibe, T. [KEK (Japan); and others

2017-11-15

MuSEUM is an international collaboration aiming at a new precise measurement of the muonium hyperfine structure at J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). Utilizing its intense pulsed muon beam, we expect a ten-fold improvement for both measurements at high magnetic field and zero magnetic field. We have developed a sophisticated monitoring system, including a beam profile monitor to measure the 3D distribution of muonium atoms to suppress the systematic uncertainty.

S-omega-carboxyl-amidinoalkyl isothiocarbamides. VI. Radioprotective assay on E. coli

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Minkova, M; Pantev, T [Nauchno-Izsledovatelski Inst. po Radiologiya i Radiatsionna Khigiena, Sofia (Bulgaria)

1975-01-01

The radioprotective properties of newly synthesized compounds, members of S-omega-carboxamidino-alkyl-isothiourea are studied. Protective activity is evaluated by the colony-forming capacity of Escherichia coli. Exponential cultures of this strain are irradiated with gamma rays within the 20-120 kr span, in the presence of the compounds submitted to the study. The dose reduction factors are estimated by correlating the regression coefficients of the dose-effect curves obtained in the presence or absence of protection. Five of the eight preparations studied showed radioprotective effect, more conspicuous with the use of higher doses. The dose-reduction factors are lower than those of cysteamine. The relation between chemical structure and effectiveness of the compounds is investigated.

The radioprotection of the patient in the Italian regulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russo, A. A.; Delia, R.; Moccaldi, A.; Campanella, F.

2002-01-01

The regulation in order to the radioprotection of the patient was firstly issued in Italy in the 1995. This regulation was a specific part of a more general law on the radiation protection of the workers, public and environment. After, in the year 2000, a specific law regulates the use of ionizing radiation in the medical field, in relation to patient's protection and safety. This law is based on the main principles of the justification and of the optimization of the exposure. The application of the law involves many different professional roles, which all together provide to ensure the respect of the previous principles and the radioprotection of the patients. The above professional figures are: the manager of the medical laboratory, the person in charge of the section, the specialist medical doctor (responsible of the radiological practice), the health physicist and the radiological technician. In the present paper, the Authors show the basic rules of the radioprotection regulation, focusing the attention on the different roles of all involved people, in the all kinds of the radiological practices. The proper application of the law allows the respect of the principle of the dose limitation, through either technical, or physical or medical methodologies. The examination of the Italian experience in this field could be an useful contribution to the improvement of the problem of the patient's radiation protection, taken also into account that the absorbed doses from the patients, for medical purposes, are those ones, which mainly contribute to the computation of the mean level of the dose in every Country

Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with J-PARC: T2K, T2K-II and Hyper-Kamiokande

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2016-01-01

The T2K experiment started the operation in 2010, and advances neutrino physics with the discovery of electron neutrino appearance in the muon neutrino beam and precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters. In 2016, the measurements of anti-neutrino oscillation directly constrain CP violation in neutrino oscillation. In this colloquium, we introduce many physics results from T2K including the most recent one of the CP violation. By utilizing the J-PARC neutrino beam, the upgrade of the T2K experiment (naming T2K-II) is planned and Hyper-Kamiokande is proposed to explore neutrino physics further. In T2K-II, the beam power of J-PARC will be upgraded to 1.3 MW around 2020. Hyper-Kamiokande is the larger Water Cherenkov detector of 520 k...

Conceptual design, neutronic and radioprotection study of a fast neutron irradiation station at SINQ

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zanini, L.; Baluc, N.; Simone, A. De; Eichler, R.; Joray, S.; Manfrin, E.; Pouchon, M.; Rabaioli, S.; Schumann, D.; Welte, J.; Zhernosekov, K.

2011-12-01

This comprehensive, illustrated report by the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI in Switzerland documents the proposals concerning the conceptual design, neutronic and radioprotection study of a fast neutron irradiation station at the PSI's Swiss Spallation Neutron Source SINQ facility. The need for fast neutron irradiation is discussed and the possibility of using SINQ as a fast neutron irradiation facility is considered. The production of isotopes, tracers and medical isotopes is discussed, as are fission and fusion reactor technologies. The characteristics of the neutron spectrum in SINQ are discussed. The neutronic and radioprotection calculations for an irradiation station at SINQ are looked at in detail and extensive examples of work done and results obtained are presented and discussed. Radioprotection issues are also looked at. Further contributions in the report cover the hot/cold irradiation station in the SINQ target. An appendix provides detailed drawings of the facility's pneumatic delivery system

An alternative mechanism for radioprotection by dimethyl sulfoxide. Possible facilitation of DNA double-strand break repair

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kashino, Genro; Liu, Yong; Suzuki, Minoru; Masunaga, Shin-ichiro; Kinashi, Yuko; Ono, Koji; Tano, Keizo; Watanabe, Masami

2010-01-01

The radioprotective effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been known for many years, and the suppression of hydroxyl (OH) radicals induced by ionizing radiation has been thought to be the main cause of this effect. However, the DMSO concentration used was very high, and might be toxic, in earlier studies. In the present study, we administered a lower, non-toxic concentration (0.5%, id est (i.e.), 64 mM) of DMSO before irradiation and examined its radioprotective effects. Colony formation assay and micronucleus assay showed significant radioprotective effects in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO), but not in xrs5, which is defective in the repair function of DNA double-strand breaks. The levels of phosphorylated H2AX and the formation of 53BP1 foci 15 minutes after irradiation, which might reflect initial DNA double-strand breaks, in DMSO-treated CHO cells were similar to those in non-treated cells, suggesting that the radioprotective effects were not attributable to the suppression of general indirect action in the lower concentration of DMSO. On the other hand, 2 hours after irradiation, the average number of 53BP1 foci, which might reflect residual DNA double-strand breaks, was significantly decreased in DMSO-treated CHO cells compared to non-treated cells. The results indicated that low concentration of DMSO exerts radioprotective effects through the facilitation of DNA double-strand break repair rather than through the suppression of indirect action. (author)

An alternative mechanism for radioprotection by dimethyl sulfoxide; possible facilitation of DNA double-strand break repair.

Science.gov (United States)

Kashino, Genro; Liu, Yong; Suzuki, Minoru; Masunaga, Shin-ichiro; Kinashi, Yuko; Ono, Koji; Tano, Keizo; Watanabe, Masami

2010-01-01

The radioprotective effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been known for many years, and the suppression of hydroxyl (OH) radicals induced by ionizing radiation has been thought to be the main cause of this effect. However, the DMSO concentration used was very high, and might be toxic, in earlier studies. In the present study, we administered a lower, non-toxic concentration (0.5%, i.e., 64 mM) of DMSO before irradiation and examined its radioprotective effects. Colony formation assay and micronucleus assay showed significant radioprotective effects in CHO, but not in xrs5, which is defective in the repair function of DNA double-strand breaks. The levels of phosphorylated H2AX and the formation of 53BP1 foci 15 minutes after irradiation, which might reflect initial DNA double-strand breaks, in DMSO-treated CHO cells were similar to those in non-treated cells, suggesting that the radioprotective effects were not attributable to the suppression of general indirect action in the lower concentration of DMSO. On the other hand, 2 hours after irradiation, the average number of 53BP1 foci, which might reflect residual DNA double-strand breaks, was significantly decreased in DMSO-treated CHO cells compared to non-treated cells. The results indicated that low concentration of DMSO exerts radioprotective effects through the facilitation of DNA double-strand break repair rather than through the suppression of indirect action.

Hydrogen as a New Class of Radioprotective Agent

Science.gov (United States)

Qian, Liren; Shen, Jianliang; Chuai, Yunhai; Cai, Jianming

2013-01-01

It is well known that most of the ionizing radiation-induced damage is caused by hydroxyl radicals (·OH) follows radiolysis of H2O. Molecular hydrogen (H2) has antioxidant activities by selectively reducing ·OH and peroxynitrite(ONOO-). We firstly hypothesized and demonstrated the radioprotective effect of H2 in vitro and in vivo, which was also repeated on different experimental animal models by different departments. A randomized, placebo-controlled study showed that consumption of hydrogen-rich water reduces the biological reaction to radiation-induced oxidative stress without compromising anti-tumor effects. These encouraging results suggested that H2 represents a potentially novel preventative strategy for radiation-induced oxidative injuries. H2 is explosive. Therefore, administration of hydrogen-rich solution (physiological saline/pure water/other solutions saturated with H2) may be more practical in daily life and more suitable for daily consumption. This review focuses on major scientific and clinical advances of hydrogen-rich solution/H2 as a new class of radioprotective agent. PMID:24155664

The radioprotective potential of 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clemente, Mary Judith Q.; Gomez, Marlyn O.

1999-03-01

The radioprotective potential of 3,5,4'trihydroxystilbene or resveratrol, a compound abundant in grapes, was investigated using the micronucleus test. Gamma radiation (6 Gy) was used to induce micronucleus formation in 12-week old Swiss-Webster mice. Five groups with five mice each were used. Three groups were given corresponding treatments (low, normal, high doses of reservatrol) via oral gavage for one week. The negative control group was not given any radiation nor any compound while the positive control group was exposed to radiation but was not given any compound. The mean micronucleus frequencies arranged from highest to lowest are as follows: low dose, positive control, normal dose, high dose and negative control. Using the analysis of variance-complete random design followed by the Duncan multiple range test, it was proven that resveratrol was able to inhibit micronucleus formation in polychromatic erythrocytes of 12-week old Swiss-Webster mice at the normal (60 micrograms) and high (120 micrograms) concentrations assigned. This suggests that its radioprotective potential may follow a dose-dependent pattern. (Author)

Radioprotective effect of 2-mercaptopropionylglycine (2-MPG) on the hematology of Swiss albino mice after radiocalcium internal administration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, A.; Bhagat, R.M.

1981-01-01

The drug 2-MPG, when administered before 45 Ca treatment, shows its radioprotective effect on total red blood cells, total white blood cells, hemoglobin balues and hematocrit percentage. However, the radioprotective effects of 2 MPG are limited to early intervals only. (author)

Use of methods of mathemitical theory of experiment in deVeloping many-component radioprotective preparations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vladimirov, V.G.; Zajtseva, T.G.; Kamenko, I.P.; Poddubskij, G.A.; Razorenov, G.S.; Smirnova, S.M.; Tarnopol'skaya, L.G.

1983-01-01

A study was made of the possibility of using a mathematical theory of experiment in developing effective many-component radioprotective preparations. The preparations composed of cystamine or S-(ω-aminopropyl)-β-aminoethyl thiophosphate, as the basis, and mexamine, ethyron and gutimine were used as an example to prove the adequacy of such an approach in solving the problems of optimization of composing the radioprotective complexes according to their efficiency and toxicity

Neutronic / thermal-hydraulic coupling with the code system Trace / Parcs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mejia S, D. M.; Del Valle G, E.

2015-09-01

The developed models for Parcs and Trace codes corresponding for the cycle 15 of the Unit 1 of the Laguna Verde nuclear power plant are described. The first focused to the neutronic simulation and the second to thermal hydraulics. The model developed for Parcs consists of a core of 444 fuel assemblies wrapped in a radial reflective layer and two layers, a superior and another inferior, of axial reflector. The core consists of 27 total axial planes. The model for Trace includes the vessel and its internal components as well as various safety systems. The coupling between the two codes is through two maps that allow its intercommunication. Both codes are used in coupled form performing a dynamic simulation that allows obtaining acceptably a stable state from which is carried out the closure of all the main steam isolation valves (MSIVs) followed by the performance of safety relief valves (SRVs) and ECCS. The results for the power and reactivities introduced by the moderator density, the fuel temperature and total temperature are shown. Data are also provided like: the behavior of the pressure in the steam dome, the water level in the downcomer, the flow through the MSIVs and SRVs. The results are explained for the power, the pressure in the steam dome and the water level in the downcomer which show agreement with the actions of the MSIVs, SRVs and ECCS. (Author)

An Alignment of J-PARC Linac

CERN Document Server

Morishita, Takatoshi; Hasegawa, Kazuo; Ikegami, Masanori; Ito, Takashi; Kubota, Chikashi; Naito, Fujio; Takasaki, Eiichi; Tanaka, Hirokazu; Ueno, Akira; Yoshino, Kazuo

2005-01-01

J-PARC linear accelerator components are now being installed in the accelerator tunnel, whose total length is more than 400 m including the beam transport line to RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron). A precise alignment of accelerator components is essential for a high quality beam acceleration. In this paper, planned alignment schemes for the installation of linac components, the fine alignment before beam acceleration, and watching the long term motion of the building are described. Guide points are placed on the floor, which acts as a reference for the initial alignment at the installation and also as a relay point for the long surveying network linking at the fine alignment. For a straight line alignment, the wire position sensor is placed on the offset position with respect to the beam center by a target holder, then a single wire can cover the accelerator cavities and the focusing magnets at the DTL-SDTL section (120m). The hydrostatic levering system (HLS) is used for watching the floor elevation (changes)...

J-PARC Transmutation Experimental Facility Programme

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sasa, T.; Takei, H.; Saito, S.; Obayashi, H.; Nishihara, K.; Sugawara, T.; Iwamoto, H.; Yamaguchi, K.; Tsujimoto, K.; Oigawa, H.

2015-01-01

Since the Fukushima accident, nuclear transmutation is considered as an option for waste management. Japan Atomic Energy Agency proposes the transmutation of minor actinides (MA) in accelerator-driven system (ADS) using lead-bismuth eutectic alloy (LBE) as a spallation target and a coolant of subcritical core. To obtain the data required for ADS design, we plan the building of a transmutation experimental facility (TEF) is planned within the J-PARC project. TEF consists of an ADS target test facility (TEF-T), which will be installed 400 MeV-250 kW LBE spallation target for material irradiations, and a transmutation physics experimental facility (TEF-P), which set up a fast critical/subcritical assembly driven by low power proton beam with MA fuel to study ADS neutronics. At TEF-T, various research plans to use emitted neutrons from LBE target are discussed. The paper summarises a road-map to establish the ADS transmuter and latest design activities for TEF construction. (authors)

Radioprotection of mouse intestine by inhibitors of cyclic amp phosphodiesterase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lehnert, S.

1979-01-01

The survival of colony-forming units of the jejunal crypt was used to assay the radioprotective capacity of various inhibitors of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. DL-152, RO-20-1724 and the methyl xanthines, caffeine, theophylline, and methyl isbutyl xanthine (MIX) were all found to have some radioprotective effect. The degree of radioprotecton depended on the route of administration of the drug and on the timing of administration with respect to irradiation. Optimum survival of crypt stem cells was found following intraperitoneal administration of DL-152 (60 min before irradiation) or MIX (30 min before irradiaton), and following intravenous administration of caffeine (60 to 120 min before irradiaton) or theophylline (60 min before irradiation). When these protocols were used, crypt stem cell survival could be enhanced by a factor of from 6 to 7. All the compounds investigated produced some elevation of cyclic AMP content of the whole jejunum; this was found to be simultaneous with or to precede the period of maximum radioprotection. Cyclic AMP was localized with immunofluorescent staining; following injection of DL-152 it was found to be elevated in all parts of the jejunum but to the greatest extent in the lower part of the crypt. Survival curves for crypt stem cells from MIX and DL-152 treated mice were found to have almost the same exponential slope as the saline-injected control, suggesting that the mechanism of protection does not depend on induction of hypoxia

1628-IJBCS-Article-Dan Guimbo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

diminuer le risque de dégradation de l'environnement immédiat du parc W du Niger. © 2012 International ... question de la gestion rationnelle des espèces végétales est de ..... zones enclavées, les véhicules de transports ne sont disponibles ...

Measurement of betatron-tune in the KEK 12 GeV-PS/J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miura, Takako; Toyama, Takeshi; Igarashi, Susumu; Hayashi, Naoki

2004-01-01

Measurement of betatron-tune in the KEK 12 GeV-PS is performed by using band limited white noise which excites coherent betatron oscillations via stripline unit. We compared the results of the measurement for betatron oscillation amplitude with the result of calculation, and confirmed the consistency. The design of the tune-monitor in J-PARC was also discussed applying this result. (author)

Offers

CERN Multimedia

Staff Association

2013-01-01

Concert Scoop music tour sur le parc Walibi ! Vendredi 12 Juillet Vous trouverez la présentation de l’événement et les vidéos des artistes attendus avec leurs titres faisant vibrer les radios en ce moment sur le site internet http://www.walibi.com/rhone-alpes/fr-fr/evenements/scoop-music-tour. Le concert est gratuit et débute à la fermeture du parc avec une première partie surprise. Profitez donc d’une belle journée sur le parc et finissez en beauté avec le concert de l’été !

Industrial radioprotection - interpretations of the standard CNEN-NE-3.01

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dagnino, R.; Zaniolo, C.

1989-01-01

The safety standard established by Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear - Brazilian CNEN, to rule the activities related to radioprotection, embodies various professionals activities. In this article a specific analysis about the application of the standard to industry is presented. (author)

A search for deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states at J-PARC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sakaguchi A.

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The J-PARC E15 experiment will be performed to search for the simplest kaonic nuclear bound state, K− pp, by the in-flight 3He(K−,n reaction. The exclusive measurement can be performed by a simultaneous measurement of the missing mass using the primary neutron and the invariant mass via the expected decay, K− pp → Λp → pπ− p. In this report, an overview of the experiment and the preparation status are presented.

Analysis of Minocycline as a Radioprotectant

Science.gov (United States)

Mehrotra, Shalini

Exposure to radiation is increasing in a variety of settings including space exploration, diagnostic medical procedures and radiotherapy. Cells of the hematopoietic system, such as white blood cells (WBC), are especially sensitive to radiation and their decline can result in Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS). Radiotherapy is often used for cancers of the central nervous system (CNS), but includes the risk for normal tissue damage, often leading to cognitive impairment. The literature suggests that tetracyclines can be radioprotectors of the hematopoietic system with potential utility in radiation emergencies and anticancer radiotherapy. Minocycline, a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, has anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, anti-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic properties with exceptional penetration into the CNS. These qualities make it a viable candidate for use in combination with radiotherapy for CNS tumors as a normal tissue radioprotectant and for hematopoietoc recovery following whole-body irradiation. This study was undertaken to determine the potential of minocycline as a radioprotective agent of the hematopoietic system and CNS in response to whole-body irradiation with 1, 2 and 3 Gy (γ-rays). C57BL/6 mice were injected with minocycline, 5 times beginning immediately before irradiation. Spleen, blood and brain were collected on days 4 and 32 post-irradiation. WBC and other cell populations were determined in the blood and spleen while cytokines were quantified in CD3-activated splenocytes and homogenized brain supernatants. We also evaluated the impact of minocycline on DNA synthesis and viability of human glioblastoma cells versus astrocytes and microglia. Minocycline increased counts and percentages of splenic macrophages, granulocytes, natural killer (NK), T and CD8 + T cells on day 4 and B cells on day 32. Minocycline up-regulated interleukin-1α (IL-1α)which is radioprotective, as well as granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM

Protection of the environment. How to position radioprotection in an ecological risk assessment perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brechignac, Francois

2003-01-01

The development of a system capable of ensuring adequate protection of the environment from the harmful effects of ionising radiation is at present particularly debated. This need comes both from a restrictive consideration of the environment in the so far existing system for human radioprotection, and the planetary-wide growing concerns about man's technogenic influence on his environment which have yielded 'sustainability' and 'precaution' as guiding principles for environmental protection. Whilst evolving from the field of human radioprotection, the radioprotection of the environment needs to be discussed in a wider perspective, with particular emphasis on the most advanced concepts which emerge from the efforts to deriving improved approaches to Ecological Risk Assessment. For the sake of protection, the environment is traditionally addressed through its biota since these are the sensitive components of ecosystems. Similarities between man and biotas reflect the ubiquitous mechanistic effects of radiation on life which disrupt molecules. However, important differences also arise in a number of perspectives, from the large spectrum of different species of biotas to their hierarchical self-organisation as interacting populations within ecosystems. Altogether, these aspects are prone to promote complex arrays of different responses to stress which lie beyond the scope of human radioprotection due to its focus on individuals of a single species. By means of selected illustrations, this paper reviews and discusses the current challenges faced in proper identification of measurable effect endpoints (stochastic/deterministic, individual/population- or ecosystem-relevant), dose limits in chronic exposure (or levels of concern), and their consideration according to radiation type (RBE) and interactions with other contaminants (synergies/antagonisms) which represent critical gaps in knowledge. The system of human radioprotection has conceptually been targeted at limiting

New muonium HFS measurements at J-PARC/MUSE

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Strasser, P., E-mail: patrick.strasser@kek.jp [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (Japan); Aoki, M. [Osaka University, Department of Physics (Japan); Fukao, Y. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (Japan); Higashi, Y.; Higuchi, T. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); Iinuma, H.; Ikedo, Y. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (Japan); Ishida, K. [RIKEN (Japan); Ito, T. U. [Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Advanced Science Research Center (Japan); Iwasaki, M. [RIKEN (Japan); Kadono, R. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (Japan); Kamigaito, O. [RIKEN (Japan); Kanda, S. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science (Japan); Kawall, D. [University of Massachusetts Amherst, Physics Department (United States); Kawamura, N.; Koda, A.; Kojima, K. M. [High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (Japan); Kubo, K. [International Christian University (ICU) (Japan); Matsuda, Y.; Matsudate, Y. [University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Japan); and others

2016-12-15

At the Muon Science Facility (MUSE) of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex), the MuSEUM collaboration is planing new measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure (HFS) of muonium both at zero field and at high magnetic field. The previous measurements were performed both at LAMPF (Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility) with experimental uncertainties mostly dominated by statistical errors. The new high intensity muon beam that will soon be available at MUSE H-Line will provide an opportunity to improve the precision of these measurements by one order of magnitude. An overview of the different aspects of these new muonium HFS measurements, the current status of the preparation, and the results of a first commissioning test experiment at zero field are presented.

The cytogenetic estimate of the radioprotective effect of antioxydant on normal and defected human cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zvereva, S.V.; Mutovina, G.R.; Khandogina, E.K.; Marchenko, L.F.; Neudakhin, E.V.; Artamonov, R.G.; Akif'ev, A.P.

1993-01-01

In studying the radioprotective action of natural and synthesised antioxydants a decreased yield of chromosome aberrations with respect to those in untreated cells was noted in normal cells irradiated in phase G 1 whereas no radioprotective effect was found in cells irradiated in G 0 . The addition of antioxydants into the cell cultures from patients with Turner's syndrome did not change their radiosensitivity. No adaptive response was induced in lymphocytes from patients with Down's syndrome cultivated with vitamine E

Cas de Cotonou au Benin

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Département de l'Aménagement et de la Gestion de l'Environnement/FSA Université ... véhicules neufs, la création et l'encouragement du transport en commun, etc. ..... en panne garés sur ces artères, l'exode rural et l'accroissement du parc ...

Evolution de certains composés volatils du bois de chêne au cours de son séchage premiers résultats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pascal Chatonnet

1994-12-01

Full Text Available Pendant le séchage des merrains sur parc à l'air libre, on assiste à une profonde modification de la composition chimique et du profil aromatique du bois de chêne. La teneur en eugénol, en aldéhydes phénols et en Β-méthyl-y-octalactone augmente régulièrement pendant le vieillissement du bois. Principalement sous forme trans au début du séchage, la Β-méthyl-y-octalactone s'accumule finalement sous la forme cis plus aromatique. Dans le même temps, on observe également une accumulation importante du précurseur inodore de Β-méthyl-y-octalactone. L'intervention des micro-organismes fréquemment isolés sur le bois en cours de séchage naturel sur la formation de composés aromatiques a été étudiée. La culture de diverses moisissures isolées de bois en cours de séchage naturel sur extraits de bois et directement sur sciure de chêne aboutit dans tous les cas à une forte diminution des teneurs en aldéhydes phénols, notamment de la vanilline. En effet, tous les micro-organismes étudiés (Penicilium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aureobasidium sp. sont incapables de dégrader la lignine car ils ne possèdent pas d'activité ligninase. En revanche, ces champignons possèdent une forte activité oxydo-réductase capable de réduire la vanilline en alcool vanillique inodore. En conséquence, les aldéhydes phénols apparaissant au cours du séchage naturel du merrain ne dérivent pas d'une attaque enzymatique mais plus vraisemblablementde l'acidolyse et de l'oxydation chimique de la lignine du bois. Le stockage du bois à l'air libre en présence d'eau et d'oxygène doit permettre une évolution favorable de son potentiel aromatique tant que la vanilline et la cis Β-méthyly-octalactone s'accumulent.

Radioprotective effect of low doses of 2-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-imidazoline alone or associated with phosphorothioates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laval, J.D.; Roman, V.; Fatome, M.; Laduranty, J.; Miginiac, L.; Lion, C.; Sentenac-Roumanou, H.

1993-01-01

In the mouse, the intraperitoneal injection of 2-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-imidazoline has a radioprotective effect even at low doses. Its association with S-[2-(3-aminopropyl)aminoethyl] phosphorothioate (WR 2721) or S-[3-(3-methylaminopropyl)-aminopropyl]phosphorothioate (WR 151327) at low doses led to an enhancement of their respective radioprotective activities without any apparent side effects. These results strengthen the interest of this non-sulphur compound as a radioprotector

Evaluation of the radioprotective potential of the polyphenol norbadione A

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Le Roux, Antoine; Josset, Elodie; Benzina, Sami; Bischoff, Pierre; Nadal, Brice; Desage-El Murr, Marine; Heurtaux, Benoit; Taran, Frederic; Le Gall, Thierry; Meunier, Stephane; Denis, Jean-Marc

2012-01-01

There is an obvious need to develop efficient countermeasure agents for use in emergency situations or as adjuncts to radiotherapy to protect healthy tissues from the consequences of an irradiation. To this end, we have investigated the capacity of norbadione A, a polyphenol extracted from the edible mushroom Bay boletus to reduce the toxicity of ionizing radiation towards cultured cells and whole-body exposed mice. Results indicate that this compound could slightly enhance the resistance of TK6 lymphoid cells to radiation and increase the survival rate in lethally irradiated mice. However, norbadione A was found to be cytotoxic at concentrations over 30 μM in vitro. The acute toxicity of this compound also precluded its use at higher doses for enhanced in vivo radioprotection. Norbadione A may nevertheless serve as lead for development of less toxic analogs with potentially cytoprotective/radioprotective activities. (authors)

Proceedings of the 2nd international advisory committee on biomolecular dynamics instrument DNA in MLF at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arai, Masatoshi; Aizawa, Kazuya; Nakajima, Kenji; Shibata, Kaoru; Takahashi, Nobuaki

2009-07-01

The 2nd International Advisory Committee on the 'Biomolecular Dynamics Backscattering Spectrometer DNA' was held on November 12th - 13th, 2008 at J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency. This IAC has been organized for aiming to realize an innovative neutron backscattering instrument in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the J-PARC and therefore four leading scientists in the field of neutron backscattering instruments has been selected as the member (Dr. Dan Neumann (Chair); Prof. Ferenc Mezei; Dr. Hannu Mutka; Dr. Philip Tregenna-Piggott), and the 1st IAC had been held on February 27th - 29th, 2008. This report includes the executive summary and materials of the presentations in the 2nd IAC. (author)

In vitro Quinolones Susceptibility Analysis of Chinese Mycoplasma bovis Isolates and their Phylogenetic Scenarios based upon QRDRs of DNA Topoisomerases Revealing a Unique Transition in ParC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riaz Mustafa1,2,3, Jingjing Qi1,2, Xiaoliang Ba1,2, Yingyu Chen1,4, Changmin Hu1,2, Xiaole Liu1,2, Lingling Tu5, Qingjie Peng5, Huanchun Chen1,2 and Aizhen Guo1,2*

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Mycoplasma bovis can cause different systemic problems in cattle, and recently has been resulted in huge economic losses in China. In vitro susceptibilities of 26 twice sub-cultured Chinese M. bovis field isolates were determined at physiological pH including PG45 through broth micro-dilution method. Except Huanggang isolate, all isolates and PG45 were in the sensitive range for levofloxacin, lomefloxacin and ciprofloxacin, whereas, for norfloxacin and nalidixic acid, they had shown intermediate resistant and complete resistant patterns, respectively. The multiple sequence analysis revealed point mutations in QRDRs of gyrA and parC genes of Huanggang isolate resulting in amino acid substitutions at positions 83 (S-F in GyrA (E. coli numbering and 80 (S-I in ParC proteins, the latter is reported for first time in M. bovis. Conclusively, fluoroquinolones are the potential veterinary therapeutic agents for mycoplasmosis in China and resistance to these agents comes through point mutations in QRDRs of gyrA and parC genes with ParC and GyrA mutation orientation.

155 Evaluation de la qualité nutritive des laits pasteurisés et des ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DIDNANG KOYE CESAR

Les résultats de la présente étude ont permis de montrer une variation significative de la composition du lait après 5 et 10 jours de conservation à +4°C. Cette variation s'explique par la diminution du taux des différents constituants du lait parce que même à +4°C, des germes comme les psychotropes continuent leur activité.

Proceedings of the workshop on 'possible scientific view from new neutron spectroscopy opportunities in J-PARC'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakajima, Kenji; Shibata, Kaoru; Kajimoto, Ryoichi

2010-08-01

At Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at J-PARC, three chopper spectrometers, AMATERAS, 4SEASONS and HRC have been constructed and a near-backscattering spectrometer, DNA is under construction. By combination of a high intensity neutron source at MLF and advanced technologies equipped, these spectrometers are expected to open new possibilities in scientific research using neutron inelastic and quasi-elastic scattering methods. In such circumstances, the workshop entitled 'Possible Scientific View from New Neutron Spectroscopy Opportunities in J-PARC' was held on 8-9, July 2009 at Ibaraki Quantum Beam Research Center. The purpose of the workshop is to discuss the recent hot research topics and possible investigations utilizing the novel spectrometers at MLF in the wide range of the research field such as solid state physics, chemistry, material science, softmatter science, biology and industrial applications. This report includes abstracts and materials of the presentations in the workshop. (author)

Radioprotective effects of aronia on radiation irradiated rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mun, Hwan Sik; Lee, Jun Haeng [Dept. of Radiology, Nambu University, Gwangju (Korea, Republic of)

2017-09-15

The present study was intended to orally administer aronia to rats, irradiate radiation once to the whole bodies of the rats, and conduct blood tests to observe, compare, and analyze changes in blood cells, such as leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets, in order to examine the radioprotective effects of aronia. As experimental animals, 15 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged six weeks weighing 200∼250 g were taken and divided into the normal group (A) of five rats, the 5 Gy control group (B) of five rats, and the 5 Gy experimental group (C) of five rats. The normal group (A) was not irradiated at all, the control group (B) was administered with general diets and irradiated, and the experimental group(C) was orally administered with 50 mg/kg/day of aronia two times per day to achieve a distilled water oral dose of 100 mg/kg/day and irradiated thereafter (5 Gy at 500 cGy/min) for 14 days. After the experiment, differences in leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets among the normal group (A), the control group (B), and the experimental group (C) were examined by comparing the counts of the blood cells and the results showed no statistically significant differences. However, on a detailed review, the normal group (A) showed statistically higher mean values for all of lymphocytes, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin as compared to the control group (B) and the experimental group (C). Statistically significant differences in the counts of lymphocytes were shown between the normal group (A) and the control group (B), and between the normal group (A) and the experimental group (C); furthermore, statistically significant differences in mean corpuscular hemoglobin were shown between the normal group (A) and the experimental group (C). Given the results of the present study, in irradiated rats, aronia was generally considered as having no radioprotective effect on leukocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet while having statistically significant radioprotective effects on

Radiobiological study of the radioprotective activity of a natural Iranian compound, ''Shir-Khecht''

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rouhanizadeh, N.

1967-01-01

After reviewing the primary mechanisms of the action of ionizing radiation, the possible mechanisms of the action of radioprotective substances, the various chemical structures having a protective effect and the methods for studying chemical radioprotection, the author presents the results he has obtained with natural Iranian product: ''Shir-Khecht''. Tests with this product at lethal and sublethal doses have been carried out on the rat using various means of introduction. The effect of radiation, both with and without protection, has been studied using histological and biochemical methods. The product examined has, in effect, a protective action; it is, furthermore, non-toxic and active when taken orally. (author) [fr

Studies of the radioprotective properties of nicotinyl compounds, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and methionine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Itzel-Kietzmann, V.M.

1986-01-01

Radioprotective properties of sodium salts of nicotinyl aspartic acid, nicotinyl methionyl aspartic acid and nicotinyl glutamic acid were tested in mice (NMRI). Experimental animals were irradiated by rayage (9,5 Gy). Parameters were: survival rate, peritoneal fluid cell count, weight and DNA concentration of spleen, hepatic DNA polymerase activity and rate of protein synthesis, lactate dehydrogenase activity in serum, maltase, sucrase and leucine aminopeptidase activitiy in duodenum and jejunum. Following results were obtained: 1. There was no significant difference in survival rate of treated and untreated animals. In treated animals only a short prolongation of survival time was observed. 2. After irradiation a quick reduction of splenic weight and DNA concentration was measured. 3. A reduction of DNA polymerase activity in liver was observed in treated and untreated mice. The rate of hepatic protein synthesis was similar in all animals. A final decrease was observed. 4. Variable activities of maltase, sucrase and leucine aminopeptidase activity in duodenum and jejunum indicated no radioprotective effect of tested substances. In conclusion of these results the tested substances show no significant radioprotective properties. (orig.) [de

Cold-neutron multi-chopper spectrometer for MLF, J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakajima, Kenji; Kajimoto, Ryoich; Nakamura, Mistutaka; Arai, Masatoshi; Sato, Taku J.; Osakabe, Toyotaka; Matsuda, Masaaki; Metoki, Naoto; Kakurai, Kazuhisa; Itoh, Shinichi

2005-01-01

We are planning to construct a cold-neutron multi-chopper spectrometer for a new spallation neutron source at Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) at J-PARC, which is dedicated to investigation of low energy excitations and quasi-elastic excitations in the field of solid state physics, chemistry, materials science, soft matter science and biomaterial science. The planned spectrometer will be installed at a H 2 -coupled moderator and will be equipped with a pulse-shaping disk-chopper in addition to a monochromating disk-chopper, and realizes both high-energy resolution (ΔE/E i ≥1%) and high-intensity (one order of magnitude higher than the present state-of-the-art chopper spectrometers)

Towards the heavy-ion program at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sako, H.; Chujo, T.; Gunji, T.; Harada, H.; Imai, K.; Kaneta, M.; Kinsho, M.; Liu, Y.; Nagamiya, S.; Nishio, K.; Ozawa, K.; Saha, P.K.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sato, S.; Tamura, J.

2014-01-01

A future heavy-ion program at J-PARC has been discussed. The QCD phase structure in high baryon density regime will be explored with heavy ions at the beam momenta of around 10 A GeV/c at the beam rate of 10 10 –10 11  Hz. For this quest, a large acceptance spectrometer is designed to measure electrons and muons, and rare probes such as multi-strangeness and charmed hadrons/nuclei. A heavy-ion acceleration scheme is under study with a new heavy-ion linac and a new booster ring, which accelerate and inject beams into the existing Rapid-Cycling Synchrotron and Main Ring synchrotron. An overview of the heavy-ion program and an accelerator design, as well as physics goals and a conceptual design of the heavy-ion experiment are discussed

Towards the heavy-ion program at J-PARC

Science.gov (United States)

Sako, H.; Chujo, T.; Gunji, T.; Harada, H.; Imai, K.; Kaneta, M.; Kinsho, M.; Liu, Y.; Nagamiya, S.; Nishio, K.; Ozawa, K.; Saha, P. K.; Sakaguchi, T.; Sato, S.; Tamura, J.

2014-11-01

A future heavy-ion program at J-PARC has been discussed. The QCD phase structure in high baryon density regime will be explored with heavy ions at the beam momenta of around 10 A GeV/c at the beam rate of 1010-1011 Hz. For this quest, a large acceptance spectrometer is designed to measure electrons and muons, and rare probes such as multi-strangeness and charmed hadrons/nuclei. A heavy-ion acceleration scheme is under study with a new heavy-ion linac and a new booster ring, which accelerate and inject beams into the existing Rapid-Cycling Synchrotron and Main Ring synchrotron. An overview of the heavy-ion program and an accelerator design, as well as physics goals and a conceptual design of the heavy-ion experiment are discussed.

Radioprotective effects of Cordyceps sinensis extracts on {gamma}-irradiated mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoo, Beong Gyu [Wongwang Health Science College, Iri (Korea, Republic of); Kim, On Joong; Kim, Jae Young [Dongguk University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1999-06-01

Effect of single intraperitoneal administration of Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) extract at 24 hour before whole-body {gamma} - irradiation on the survival ratio, body weight, organ weight changes and serum metabolites in the irradiated mice were investigated. The single pre-administration of Cs extract increased the 40-day survival ration of irradiated mice from 66.7 percent to 83.4 percent. The administration of Cs extract completely prevented weight reductions of spleen and thymus produced by {gamma} - irradiation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Similar but somewhat less radioprotective effect was also found in the testis of the Cs treated mice. The administration of Cs inhibited the serum hyperglycemia produced by irradiation on the day 7th(P < 0.01). However, it did not influence the serum cholesterol and protein levels on the days examined. The present study is the first report regarding Cs which was tested and found to be radioprotective. (Author)

Radioprotective effects of Cordyceps sinensis extracts on γ-irradiated mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoo, Beong Gyu; Kim, On Joong; Kim, Jae Young

1999-01-01

Effect of single intraperitoneal administration of Cordyceps sinensis (Cs) extract at 24 hour before whole-body γ - irradiation on the survival ratio, body weight, organ weight changes and serum metabolites in the irradiated mice were investigated. The single pre-administration of Cs extract increased the 40-day survival ration of irradiated mice from 66.7 percent to 83.4 percent. The administration of Cs extract completely prevented weight reductions of spleen and thymus produced by γ - irradiation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Similar but somewhat less radioprotective effect was also found in the testis of the Cs treated mice. The administration of Cs inhibited the serum hyperglycemia produced by irradiation on the day 7th(P < 0.01). However, it did not influence the serum cholesterol and protein levels on the days examined. The present study is the first report regarding Cs which was tested and found to be radioprotective. (Author)

Radioprotection in the medical sector: a new quality approach

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prevot, S.

2008-01-01

The author describes how quality assurance is organized in the field of radioprotection in the Georges-Francois-Leclerc medical centre in Dijon. She also recalls how this organization has recently evolved because of legal but also technical and technological evolutions. She indicates the main attributions and missions of the radiation protection expert in this medical centre

Order n.02-059 /P-RM of 05 juin 2002 setting up radioprotection et safety of ionizing radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-01-01

This order establishes the legal framework of radioprotection and safety of ionizing radiation sources in Mali. The scope as well as the definition of some main terms are given. The basis principles of radioprotection against ionizing radiation sources are defined. Instructions in uses of ionizing radiations, penal provisions are outlined

In vivo radioprotection of mice by 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone; Radicut), a clinical drug

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anzai, Kazunori; Furuse, Masako; Yoshida, Akira; Matsuyama, Azusa; Moritake, Takashi; Ikota, Nobuo; Tsuboi, Koji

2004-01-01

Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one; Radicut) is a brain-protecting agent used clinically to treat acute ischemic stroke with a reaction mechanism of free radical scavenging. Since the initial stage of radiation damage involves the formation of free radicals, edaravone is expected to be effective in preventing lethal damage from ionizing radiation. In the present study, we used mice to examine in vivo the radioprotective effect of edaravone on whole body X-ray irradiation. A solution of edaravone was administered intraperitoneally to C3H mice (male, 10 weeks old), and they were irradiated with a total dose of 8.0 Gy. Edaravone exhibited dose-dependent and injection time-dependent radioprotection. When injected 30 min before the X-ray irradiation, it had the greatest radioprotective effect, whereas an injection after the irradiation showed no protective effect. The LD 50/30 was about 8.8 Gy for edaravone-injected mice and 6.6 Gy for control mice, yielding a DRF for edaravone (450 mg/kg body weight) of 1.3. Edaravone decreased the body temperature transiently about 3-6deg C, but this did not seem to be responsible for the radioprotection. Since the radioprotection was observed only when the reagent was administered before the irradiation, the primary action of edaravone might be the quenching of free radicals with a short lifetime generated by the irradiation. (author)

In vivo radioprotection of mice by 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone; Radicut), a clinical drug

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anzai, Kazunori; Furuse, Masako; Yoshida, Akira; Matsuyama, Azusa; Moritake, Takashi; Ikota, Nobuo [National Inst. of Radiological Sciences, Chiba (Japan). Research Center for Radiation Safety; Tsuboi, Koji [Tsukuba Univ., Ibaraki (Japan). Inst. of Clinical Medicine

2004-06-01

Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one; Radicut) is a brain-protecting agent used clinically to treat acute ischemic stroke with a reaction mechanism of free radical scavenging. Since the initial stage of radiation damage involves the formation of free radicals, edaravone is expected to be effective in preventing lethal damage from ionizing radiation. In the present study, we used mice to examine in vivo the radioprotective effect of edaravone on whole body X-ray irradiation. A solution of edaravone was administered intraperitoneally to C3H mice (male, 10 weeks old), and they were irradiated with a total dose of 8.0 Gy. Edaravone exhibited dose-dependent and injection time-dependent radioprotection. When injected 30 min before the X-ray irradiation, it had the greatest radioprotective effect, whereas an injection after the irradiation showed no protective effect. The LD{sub 50/30} was about 8.8 Gy for edaravone-injected mice and 6.6 Gy for control mice, yielding a DRF for edaravone (450 mg/kg body weight) of 1.3. Edaravone decreased the body temperature transiently about 3-6deg C, but this did not seem to be responsible for the radioprotection. Since the radioprotection was observed only when the reagent was administered before the irradiation, the primary action of edaravone might be the quenching of free radicals with a short lifetime generated by the irradiation. (author)

Optimization study on structural analyses for the J-PARC mercury target vessel

Science.gov (United States)

Guan, Wenhai; Wakai, Eiichi; Naoe, Takashi; Kogawa, Hiroyuki; Wakui, Takashi; Haga, Katsuhiro; Takada, Hiroshi; Futakawa, Masatoshi

2018-06-01

The spallation neutron source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) mercury target vessel is used for various materials science studies, work is underway to achieve stable operation at 1 MW. This is very important for enhancing the structural integrity and durability of the target vessel, which is being developed for 1 MW operation. In the present study, to reduce thermal stress and relax stress concentrations more effectively in the existing target vessel in J-PARC, an optimization approach called the Taguchi method (TM) is applied to thermo-mechanical analysis. The ribs and their relative parameters, as well as the thickness of the mercury vessel and shrouds, were selected as important design parameters for this investigation. According to the analytical results of 18 model types designed using the TM, the optimal design was determined. It is characterized by discrete ribs and a thicker vessel wall than the current design. The maximum thermal stresses in the mercury vessel and the outer shroud were reduced by 14% and 15%, respectively. Furthermore, it was indicated that variations in rib width, left/right rib intervals, and shroud thickness could influence the maximum thermal stress performance. It is therefore concluded that the TM was useful for optimizing the structure of the target vessel and to reduce the thermal stress in a small number of calculation cases.

Synthesis and radioprotective study of novel amino-alkyl dithiocarbamic acid derivatives against γ-irradiation in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hosseinimehr, S. J.; Beiki, D.; Kebriaeezadeh, A.; Khalaj, A.; Pirali Hamedani, M.; Akhlaghpoor, S.; Esmaeili, H.; Barazesh, A. R.

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective capacity of some novel amino alkylated dithiocarbamic acid potassium salts against γ-irradiation in mice. Materials and Methods: Eight compounds containing 2-aminoethyl-, 3-aminopropyl-, 4-aminobutyl-, 5-aminopentyl-, 6-aminohexyl-, 7-amino heptyl-, 8-amino octyl and 9-amino nonyl of dithiocarbamate derivatives were prepared. Male NMRI mice were injected intraperitoneally with a geometric progression of doses (300 -1000 mg/kg), through the dose response range for lethal toxicity. To evaluate the radioprotective activity, one-half of the toxic LD 50 of each compound were injected intraperitoneally to groups of twenty mice, 30 minutes prior to γ-irradiation. The treated animals were kept for 30 days, and the lethality was recorded each day. Results: Among Eight compounds of alkyl dithiocarbamic acid derivatives, 5-aminopentyl, 7-amino heptyl, 8-amino octyl and 9-amino nonyl dithiocarbamic acid mono potassium salts are new compounds. All evaluated compounds showed a concentration dependent effect on the survival in mice. The LD 50 values were found to be more than 599 mg/kg. The percentages of 30-day survival of mice for 2-aminoethyl, 7-amino heptyl and 8-amino octyl dithiocarbamic acid derivatives were 7%, 40% and 13.5%, respectively, when injected 30 minutes before γ-irradiation. Other compounds had no radioprotective effects. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the treated and control groups for the 7-amino heptyl derivative (p<0.05). Conclusion: Among the compounds investigated in this study, 7-amino heptyl dithiocarbamate derivative showed more radioprotective effects in comparison with the others. Although it seems that the radioprotective effects in these derivatives correlate with the size of the alkyl chain, more experiments are required to support this hypothesis.

GyrA and/or ParC alterations of Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from the urethra of men with acute urethritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Kondo, Hiromi; Ito, Shin; Hatazaki, Kyoko; Horie, Kengo; Nakane, Keita; Mizutani, Kosuke; Tsuchiya, Tomohiro; Yasuda, Mitsuru; Yokoi, Shigeaki; Nakano, Masahiro; Deguchi, Takashi

2018-03-01

Of 73 clinical strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from the urethra of men with urogenital infections, we enrolled 6 strains (8.2%) with levofloxacin (LVFX) minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ≥0.03 μg/ml in this study. All the strains were isolated from non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). We amplified the quinolone resistance-determining region of the gyrA gene and the analogous region of the parC gene from bacterial DNAs by PCR and sequenced the PCR products. Two strains with a LVFX MIC of 0.03 μg/ml had an amino acid change of Asp88 to Gly in GyrA. One with a LVFX MIC of 0.06 μg/ml had a change of Asp88 to Tyr in GyrA. Two with respective LVFX MICs of 0.12 and 0.25 μg/ml had a change of Ser84 to Leu in GyrA. One with a LVFX MIC of 1 μg/ml had changes of Ser84 to Leu in GyrA and of Ser84 to Ile in ParC. Multilocus sequence typing showed two strains with a change of Asp88 to Gly in GyrA had the same sequence type, but the others had sequence types different from each other. Single amino acid changes in GyrA alone or single changes in both GyrA and ParC could contribute to decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in H. influenzae isolates from NGU. Most of the isolates with GyrA and/or ParC alterations would be multiclonal. The prevalence of such isolates would be relatively low, and they would still be susceptible to fluoroquinolones commonly prescribed for treatment of NGU. Copyright © 2017 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Current knowledge from experimental works with radioprotective drugs from the viewpoint of latest scientific research

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skalka, J.

2008-01-01

The protection of both human and animal population against a radiation impairment proves to be an impulse for continuous intensive searching for plants with radioprotective properties, identification of their radioprotective components and examination of their effects both in vivo an in vitro. I am presenting the results as well as knowledge of a latest scientific research in this field with testing the following plants: Vigna radiata, Mentha piperita, Citrus aurantium var. amara, Syzygium cumini, Tinospora cordifolia, Aegle marmelos, Phyllanthus amarus, Aloe vera, Angelica sinensis, Rosemarinus officinalis, Panax ginseng, Hippophae rhamnoides, Ocimum sanctum, Crataegus microphylla. (authors)

Proceedings of the Fourth Session of Radioprotection of the patient; Actas de la 4. Jornada de Proteccion Radiologica al Paciente

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-07-01

The Radiology Argentine Society and the Radioprotection Argentine Society have organized the 4. Session of the Protection to the Patient, in order to inform to the technical and scientific community about the scopes of the radioprotection to the patient. The principal treated topics were the following: effects of the radiation in radiodiagnostic; radioprotection of the fetus and the pregnancy woman; radioprotection in dental radiology; radiological protection in TAC; radiation doses in radiodiagnostic; treatment of radiation injuries; fatal accidents in radiotherapy. [Spanish] La Sociedad Argentina de Radiologia, y la Sociedad Argentina de Radioproteccion, han organizado la 4ta. Jornada de Proteccion al Paciente, con el objeto de informar a la comunidad cientifico y tecnica sobre los alcances de la radioproteccion al paciente. Los principales temas tratados fueron los siguientes: efectos de la radiacion en radiodiagnostico; radioproteccion del feto y la mujer gestante; radioproteccion en radiologia odontologica; proteccion radioogica en TAC; dosis de radiacion en radiodiagnostico; tratamiento de lesiones por radiacion; accidentes fatales en radioterapia.

Development of engineering diffractometer at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moriai, Atsushi; Torii, Shuki; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Harjo, Stefanus; Morii, Yukio; Arai, Masatoshi; Tomota, Yo; Suzuki, Tetsuya; Akiniwa, Yoshiaki; Kimura, Hidehiko; Akita, Koich

2006-01-01

An engineering diffractometer for investigations of stresses and crystallographic structures within engineering components is now being developed at J-PARC project. The diffractometer is designed to view a decoupled-poisoned liquid H 2 moderator providing neutrons with good symmetrical diffraction profiles in the acceptable wavelength range. The diffractometer will have a primary flight path of 40 m and a secondary flight path of 2.0 m for 90 o scattering detector banks, and will include a curved supermirror neutron guide to avoid intensity loss due to the long flight path and to reduce backgrounds from fast neutrons and gamma rays. Therefore, stresses with sufficient accuracies in many engineering studies are quite promising. The diffractometer involves a sample translator which is able to handle large and heavy real industrial-scaled components. Detailed design works are being continuously promoted. The optimization of the diffractometer has been performed with a Monte Carlo simulation, and an appropriate resolution of less than 0.2% in Δd/d has been confirmed

Distinct radioprotective activities of major heat shock proteins in irradiated mammalian cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kabakov, Alexander; Malyutina, Yana; Kudryavtsev, Vladimir

2008-01-01

Full text: Several years ago we have suggested that heat shock proteins (Hsps) can be involved in cellular and tissue mechanisms of protection from ionizing radiation. At present, the accumulated experimental data do allow us to characterize three major mammalian Hsps, Hsp70, Hsp27 and Hsp90, as specific endogenous radioprotectors which are able to prevent or minimize cell death resulting from the radiation exposure. It follows from the many findings that the radioprotective effect of these Hsps is particularly manifested in their ability to attenuate apoptosis in various normal and tumor cells irradiated in vivo or in vitro. The obtained data already enable to suggest three main mechanisms of the radioprotection conferred by the excess Hsps: 1) Modulation of the intracellular signaling so that the apoptotic signal transduction is blocked, whereas the 'cell survival' signal transduction is stimulated; 2) Suppression of the radiation-associated free radical generation and apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS); 3) Attenuation of the genotoxic impact of ionizing radiation. The latter suggested mechanism seems particularly intriguing and implies that the excess Hsps can somehow contribute to protection/repair of genomic DNA from radiation-induced damage. According to our recent results, Hsp90 is indeed involved in the post-irradiation repair of nuclear DNA, while excess Hsp70 can beneficially affect the p53-mediated DNA damage response in irradiated cells to ensure their long-term survival and recovery. As for Hsp27, we found that its accumulation in target cells increases their radioresistance by enhancing the irradiation-responsive activation of anti apoptotic pathways. While the Hsp70 and Hsp27 seem to perform different functions in irradiated cells, the synergistic enhancement of radioprotection was clearly observed in the cells enriched by the both the Hsps. In vivo, such radioprotective activities of the major mammalian Hsps may play a role in

Radioprotective potential of Decalepis hamiltonii: a study on gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress and toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pasha, Muzeer; Shivanandappa, T.; Ramesh, S.R.; Sanjeev, Ganesh

2016-01-01

Radiation-induced damage to normal tissues restricts the therapeutic use of radiation in clinical application for cancer treatment and thereby limits the efficacy of the treatment. The use of chemical compounds as radioprotectors is a desirable strategy to improve the therapeutic index of radiotherapy. However, most of the synthetic radioprotective compounds studied have shown to have undesirable properties of toxicity. There is a need for safer, natural radioprotective agents without compromising efficacy of the treatment. We have investigated the radioprotective potential of Decalepis hamiltonii (Dh) root extract which is rich in natural antioxidants by employing Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Irradiation of Drosophila with 100, 200, and 400 Gy of gamma radiation induced dose-dependent mortality. Elevation in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and depletion of glutathione (GSH) content suggested radiation-induced oxidative stress. Pretreatment of flies with Dh root extract protected them from radiation-induced mortality and oxidative stress as evidenced by reduction in TBARS and restoration of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT, and GSH to control levels. This is the first report of radioprotective action of Dh root extract in D. melanogaster. (author)

Enhancement of radioprotective effectiveness of adenosine monophosphate by magnesium aspartate in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pospisil, M.; Netikova, J.; Kozubik, A.; Chertkov, K.S.; Ministry of Health, Moscow

1988-01-01

The enhancing effect of magnesium aspartate on the radioprotective effectiveness of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) administered to whole-body gamma-irradiated mice was studied. Male (CBA x C57BL/10)F 1 hybrid mice of a mean body weight of 32 g were used. 5 mg AMP per mouse was injected i.p. 15 min before and 15 min after irradiation; magnesium aspartate (13.3 mg per mouse) was administered s.c. 35 min before irradiation. The benefical effect of the drug combination used was manifested when investigating hematological indices at the recovery phase of sublethally irradiated animals, as well as when observing the survival of lethally irradiated mice. The synergistic radioprotective effects of AMP and magnesium aspartate are explained by the stimulatory action of both these compounds on the cell adenylate cyclase system. (author)

Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma alter tight junction structure and function in the rat parotid gland Par-C10 cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Baker, Olga J; Camden, Jean M; Redman, Robert S; Jones, Jonathan E; Seye, Cheikh I; Erb, Laurie; Weisman, Gary A

2008-11-01

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and dysfunction of salivary glands, resulting in impaired secretory function. The production of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is elevated in exocrine glands of patients with SS, although little is known about the effects of these cytokines on salivary epithelial cell functions necessary for saliva secretion, including tight junction (TJ) integrity and the establishment of transepithelial ion gradients. The present study demonstrates that chronic exposure of polarized rat parotid gland (Par-C10) epithelial cell monolayers to TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma decreases transepithelial resistance (TER) and anion secretion, as measured by changes in short-circuit current (I(sc)) induced by carbachol, a muscarinic cholinergic receptor agonist, or UTP, a P2Y(2) nucleotide receptor agonist. In contrast, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma had no effect on agonist-induced increases in the intracellular calcium concentration [Ca(2+)](i) in Par-C10 cells. Furthermore, treatment of Par-C10 cell monolayers with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma increased paracellular permeability to normally impermeant proteins, altered cell and TJ morphology, and downregulated the expression of the TJ protein, claudin-1, but not other TJ proteins expressed in Par-C10 cells. The decreases in TER, agonist-induced transepithelial anion secretion, and claudin-1 expression caused by TNF-alpha, but not IFN-gamma, were reversible by incubation of Par-C10 cell monolayers with cytokine-free medium for 24 h, indicating that IFN-gamma causes irreversible inhibition of cellular activities associated with fluid secretion in salivary glands. Our results suggest that cytokine production is an important contributor to secretory dysfunction in SS by disrupting TJ integrity of salivary epithelium.

DU BUREAU À L'ESPACE

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Le CRDI et Bellanet espèrent que le présent guide viendra combler cette double lacune. .... Quel que soit l'instrument que vous choisissiez, vous devrez en faciliter ... listes électroniques, parce qu'elles sont un outil économique et universel de ...

Towards the heavy-ion program at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sako, H. [Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Chujo, T. [University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577 (Japan); Gunji, T. [Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); Harada, H. [J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Imai, K. [Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Kaneta, M. [Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 (Japan); Kinsho, M. [J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Liu, Y. [J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Nagamiya, S. [Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan); J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Nishio, K. [Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Ozawa, K. [J-PARC Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 (Japan); Saha, P.K. [J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Sakaguchi, T. [Broohaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 (United States); Sato, S. [Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Tamura, J. [J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokay, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan)

2014-11-15

A future heavy-ion program at J-PARC has been discussed. The QCD phase structure in high baryon density regime will be explored with heavy ions at the beam momenta of around 10 A GeV/c at the beam rate of 10{sup 10}–10{sup 11} Hz. For this quest, a large acceptance spectrometer is designed to measure electrons and muons, and rare probes such as multi-strangeness and charmed hadrons/nuclei. A heavy-ion acceleration scheme is under study with a new heavy-ion linac and a new booster ring, which accelerate and inject beams into the existing Rapid-Cycling Synchrotron and Main Ring synchrotron. An overview of the heavy-ion program and an accelerator design, as well as physics goals and a conceptual design of the heavy-ion experiment are discussed.

Overview of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) project and Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ikeda, Yujiro

2008-01-01

The J-PARC project has been conducted jointly by JAERI and KEK since 2001. This paper reports an overview and current status of the project. The high intensity proton accelerator consists of a 400 MeV Linac, a 3 GeV synchrotron and 50 GeV synchrotron to deliver MW level pulsed proton beam to experimental facilities. The MW proton power will provide an advanced scientific experimental research complex aiming at making breakthroughs in materials and life science with neutron and muon, nuclear and elementary physics, etc. Regarding the project being close to its completion in 2008, this paper describes the overview of J-PARC project with emphasis of the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility, in which the MW pulsed neutron and muon sources, are placed to provide high quality neutron and muon beams to the world wide users. (author)

Performance of the Radioprotection Engineering Group in the new structure of IPEN-CNEN/SP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sahyun, A.; Sordi, G.M.A.A.

1992-01-01

A comparison between the old and now CNEN (Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission) organizational structure was performed. The new structure lead to a new IPEN (Nuclear and Energetics Research Institute) organization and also to gave use to a Radioprotection Engineering Area, The principal modification raised a second block already in accomplishment. The main aim of the Radioprotection Engineering Area is to turn personnel team interested, concerned, dexterous, dynamic and competitive on their activities besides to provide it of a continuously improvement and updating about technical activities in radiation protection. From these results an evaluation of possible drawbacks and ways to overcome them will be performed. (author)

WR-1065 and radioprotection of vascular endothelial cells. I. Cell proliferation, DNA synthesis and damage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rubin, D.B.; Drab, E.A.; Kang, H.J.; Baumann, F.E.; Blazek, E.R.

1996-01-01

Normal tissue toxicity limits radiation therapy and could depend on the extent of damage to the vascular endothelium. Aminothiols such as WR-1065 [N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-diaminopropane] provide radioprotection for normal tissues, but little is known about how the aminothiols specifically affect the endothelium. Bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture were exposed to WR-1065 for 2 h before irradiation ( 137 Cs γ rays, 1 Gy/min). Alone, WR-1065 demonstrated an antiproliferative effect that was related to dose (0.5-4 mM) and was evident by lowered counts of adherent cells 48 h after exposure. WR-1065 was clearly radioprotective when assessed by colony formation and incorporation of [ 3 H]thymidine. However, when the number of adherent cells was evaluated, radioprotection appeared to be slight and evident only in logarithmically growing cells. WR-1065 at 2 mM suppressed single-strand DNA breaks after 3 Gy by 22% and double-strand breaks after 9 Gy by 47%. Also in the irradiated cells, WR-1065 more than doubled the rate of progression of cells from G 1 to S phase. WR-1065 pretreatment elevated cellular glutathione (GSH) content more than twofold. Although pretreatment with buthionine sulfoximine inhibited the elevation of GSH, the radioprotective impact of WR-1065 on total DNA strand breaks and colony formation was unaffected. These results suggest that WR-1065 may enable tissue recovery from irradiation by promoting the replication of endothelial cells, possibly by mechanisms independent of GSH. 46 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs

Radioprotection plan at the Abadia interim repository

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hunt, J.G.; Rabello, P.N.P.; Tranjan Filho, A.

1993-01-01

The wastes from Goiania radiological accident are temporarily stored at a site near the village of Abadia de Goias, 23 km for far from downtown Goiania. Foreseeing operations inside the storage yard, a Radioprotection Plan was organize primarily with the aim of establishing procedures to reduce radiation exposure of workers to as-low-as reasonably achievable (ALARA principles and to be at the adopted regulatory exposure radiation limits. The adequacy of the storage containers and their reconditioning are the operations involved. (B.C.A.). 09 refs, 02 tabs

Technical design report of spallation neutron source facility in J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sakamoto, Shinichi

2012-02-01

One of the experimental facilities in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF), where high-intensity neutron beams are used as powerful probes for basic research on materials and life science, as well as research and development in industrial engineering. Neutrons are generated with nuclear spallation reaction by bombarding a mercury target with high-intensity proton beams. The neutrons are slowed down with supercritical hydrogen moderators and then extracted as beams to each experimental apparatus. The principal design of the spallation neutron source is compiled in this comprehensive report. (author)

Radioprotection of the intestinal crypts of mice by recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, S.G.; Miyamoto, T.

1990-01-01

Recombinant human interleukin-1 alpha (rHIL-1 alpha or IL-1) protected the intestinal crypt cells of mice against X-ray-induced damage. The survival of crypt cells measured in terms of their ability to form colonies of regenerating duodenal epithelium in situ was increased when IL-1 was given either before or after irradiation. The maximum degree of radioprotection was seen when the drug was given between 13 and 25 h before irradiation. The IL-1 dose producing maximum protection was about 6.3 micrograms/kg. This is the first report indicating that the cytokine IL-1 has a radioprotective effect in the intestine. The finding suggests that IL-1 may be of potential value in preventing radiation injury to the gut in the clinic

Radioprotection of the rat parotid gland by cAMP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sodicoff, M.; Conger, A.D.

1983-01-01

Most earlier studies showing a radioprotective effect by cAMP show only slight degrees of protection. The present study demonstrates a substantial protective effect (DMF, 1.63) of exogenously administered cAMP on the rat parotid gland and supports the mechanism suggested previously for protection afforded the parotid glands by the β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, which is known to elevate endogenous intracellular cAMP

The low energy muon beam profile monitor for the muon g-2/EDM experiment at J-PARC

Science.gov (United States)

Razuvaev, G. P.; Bae, S.; Choi, H.; Choi, S.; Ko, H. S.; Kim, B.; Kitamura, R.; Mibe, T.; Otani, M.

2017-09-01

The muon g-2/EDM experiment at J-PARC aims to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment with high precision by utilising an ultracold muon beam. The current muon g-2 discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and the experimental value is about 3.5 standard deviations. This experiment requires a development of the muon LINAC to accelerate thermal muons to the 300 MeV/c momentum. Detectors for beam diagnostics play a key role in such an experiment. The beam profile monitoring system has been designed to measure the profile of the low energy muon beam. It was tested during two beam tests in 2016 at the MLF D2 line at J-PARC. The detector was used with positive muons, Mu-(μ+ e- e-), p and H-, e- and UV light. The system overview and preliminary results are given. Special attention is paid to the spatial resolution of the beam profile monitor and online monitor software used during data taking.

Evaluation of radioprotective properties of chlorophyllin against the gamma-rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hernandez-Gutierrez, M.E.

1991-01-01

Several decades ago it had been demonstrated that chlorophyllin, and its water soluble derivates, such as chlorophyllin, have therapeutic values. recently an antimutagenic activity has been observed in several tests. The aim of this work is to investigate if chlorophyllin has some radioprotective effect when the organisms are exposed to gamma-rays. The somatic mutation and recombination test in drosophila was used. This test allows us to detect simultaneously both genetic mutation, chromosomal aberration and mitotic recombination. The conduction of the experiment involved four treatments: 1) 5% sucrose, 2) 5% chlorophyllin, 3) 5% sucrose +20Gyγrays 4) 5% chlorophyllin +20Gyγrays. All the treatments lasted 24 hours and three replicas were performed. The data obtained showed a significant decrease in spot frequency found in the treatment with chlorophyllin and γ rays. From the results we are to conclude that the chlorophyllin has a radioprotective effect, when the drosophila larvae are irradiated with 20 Gy OF γrays. Mitotic recombination was affected in the same way and it is important because genetic recombination process are related to cancer induction. (Author)

Standard 'Principle guides of radioprotection': introduced concepts and future forecasting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dagnino, R.

1989-01-01

The main topics introduced by the new CNEN standard NE 3.01 - Basic Directrix of Radioprotection directly associated to the field work in industrial radiography are presented. It's showed a practical example which evidences the need of information exchange among the industrial security, radiological safety and quality control staffs for the continuity of works in this area. (author)

In vitro activity of five quinolones and analysis of the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE in Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum clinical isolates from perinatal patients in Japan.

Science.gov (United States)

Kawai, Yasuhiro; Nakura, Yukiko; Wakimoto, Tetsu; Nomiyama, Makoto; Tokuda, Tsugumichi; Takayanagi, Toshimitsu; Shiraishi, Jun; Wasada, Kenshi; Kitajima, Hiroyuki; Fujita, Tomio; Nakayama, Masahiro; Mitsuda, Nobuaki; Nakanishi, Isao; Takeuchi, Makoto; Yanagihara, Itaru

2015-04-01

Ureaplasma spp. cause several disorders, such as nongonococcal urethritis, miscarriage, and preterm delivery with lung infections in neonates, characterized by pathological chorioamnionitis in the placenta. Although reports on antibiotic resistance in Ureaplasma are on the rise, reports on quinolone-resistant Ureaplasma infections in Japan are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine susceptibilities to five quinolones of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum isolated from perinatal samples in Japan and to characterize the quinolone resistance-determining regions in the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes. Out of 28 clinical Ureaplasma strains, we isolated 9 with high MICs of quinolones and found a single parC gene mutation, resulting in the change S83L. Among 158 samples, the ParC S83L mutation was found in 37 samples (23.4%), including 1 sample harboring a ParC S83L-GyrB P462S double mutant. Novel mutations of ureaplasmal ParC (S83W and S84P) were independently found in one of the samples. Homology modeling of the ParC S83W mutant suggested steric hindrance of the quinolone-binding pocket (QBP), and de novo prediction of peptide structures revealed that the ParC S84P may break/kink the formation of the α4 helix in the QBP. Further investigations are required to unravel the extent and mechanism of antibiotic resistance of Ureaplasma spp. in Japan. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Data acquisition system for high resolution chopper spectrometer (HRC) at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yano, Shin-ichiro; Itoh, Shinichi; Satoh, Setsuo; Yokoo, Tetsuya; Kawana, Daichi; Sato, Taku J.

2011-01-01

We installed the data acquisition (DAQ) system on the High Resolution Chopper Spectrometer (HRC) at beamline BL12 at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). In inelastic neutron scattering experiments with the HRC, the event data of the detected neutrons are processed in the DAQ system and visualized in the form of the dynamic structure factor. We confirmed that the data analysis process works well by visualizing excitations in single-crystal magnetic systems probed by inelastic neutron scattering.

Possible physics program with a large acceptance hyperon spectrometer at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Imai, Kenichi

2013-01-01

We are going to construct a large acceptance hyperon spectrometer (HypTPC) at J-PARC primarily to search for H-dibaryon. The HypTPC consists of a superconducting Helmholtz magnet and a Time Projection Chamber (TPC). The short-life hyperons can be detected with high precision as well as any charged particles. Here, we discuss possible physics programs other than H-dibaryon which can be done with this spectrometer, such as a nucleon resonance spectroscopy experiment, systematic study of Λ(1405) and spectroscopy of Ξ and Ω - resonances. (author)

Study of radioprotective effect of the resveratrol;Estudo do efeito radioprotetor do resveratrol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moreno, Carolina dos Santos

2009-07-01

Resveratrol (3,4,5 trihydroxystilbene), a phenolic phytoalexin occurring naturally in a wide variety of plants, such as grapevines, in response to injury as fungal infections and exposure to ultraviolet light. In the wines this compound is present at high levels and is considered one of the highest antioxidant constituents. This high capacity to scavenge the free radicals generated by several biologic processes by resveratrol can provide a prevention of human cardiovascular diseases and several types of cancer. The main objective of this study was to determine the in vitro radioprotective effect of resveratrol in cell culture with the aid of the tests of cytotoxicity of resveratrol (IC50%) and lethal dose 50% of gamma radiation (LD50). Studies of the level of resveratrol toxicity, found by cytotoxicity test performed by neutral red uptake assay, and lethal dose 50% (LD50) of gamma radiation from source of Cobalt-60 (Co-60) was performed in cell culture NCTC Clone 929 from ATCC. The IC50% of resveratrol was about 50 M/L. The DL50 of gamma radiation showed a value of about 354 Gy. On the basis of these biological results, it was performed studies of radioprotective effect of resveratrol on the same experimental conditions, verifying that the resveratrol in concentrations between 12.5 M/L and 25 M/L showed a more pronounced radioprotective effect. (author)

Radioprotective effects of antioxidative plant flavonoids in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shimoi, Kayoko; Masuda, Shuichi; Shen, Bingrong; Furugori, Michiyo; Kinae, Naohide

1996-01-01

Radioprotective effects of tea infusions and plant flavonoids were investigated by using the micronucleus test for anticlastogenic activity and the thiobarbituric acid assay for antioxidative activity. A single gastric intubation of rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) infusion at 1 ml per mouse 2 h prior to γ-ray irradiation (1.5 Gy) reduced the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRETs). After the fractionation of rooibos tea infusion, the flavonoid fraction was found to be most anticlastogenic and antioxidative. From this fraction, luteolin was isolated as an effective component. Then, anticlastogenic effects of 12 flavonoids containing luteolin and their antioxidative activities against lipid peroxidation by Fenton's reagent were examined. A good correlation (r=0.717) was observed between both activities. Luteolin showed the most effective potency. A gastric intubation of luteolin (10 μmol/kg) 2 h prior to γ-ray irradiation (6 Gy) suppressed lipid peroxidation in mouse bone marrow and spleen and a trend of protective effect of luteolin against the decrease of endogenous ascorbic acid in mouse bone marrow after γ-ray irradiation (3 Gy) was observed. These results suggest that plant flavonoids, which show antioxidative potency in vitro, work as antioxidants in vivo and their radioprotective effects may be attributed to their scavenging potency towards free radicals such as hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, the flavonoids contained in tea, vegetables and fruits seem to be important as antioxidants in the human diet

Chemical radioprotection to bone marrow stem cells after whole body gamma irradiation to mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dey, J.; Dey, T.B.; Ganguly, S.K.; Nagpal, K.K.; Ghose, A.

1988-11-01

Protection to mice bone marrow stem cells has been noted as early as two days after whole body gamma ray exposure by prior treatment with combination of hydroxytryptophan (HT) and one of the two thiol drugs viz., aminoethylisothiuronium bromide hydrobromide (AET) (20 mg/kg body weight) and B-mercaptopropionylglicine (MPG). The levels of protection to bone marrow stem cells thus obtained have been compared to that obtained by treating with the optimum radioprotecting dose of AET (200 mg/kg body weight). The study reports the bone marrow stem cells status after two days of 3 Gy, 5 Gy and 10 Gy whole body gamma irradiation in relation to the mentioned radioprotecting treatments as studied by spleen colony forming method.

Evaluation of the free radical scavenging activity and radioprotective efficacy of Grewia asiatica fruit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Krishna V; Sisodia, Rashmi [Radiation Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan-302055 (India)], E-mail: rashsisodia@yahoo.co.in

2009-09-01

The radioprotective effect of Grewia asiatica fruit (GAE) which contains anthocyanin-type cyanidin 3-glucoside, vitamins C and A, minerals, carotenes and dietary fibre was studied. For the study Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: (1) control (vehicle treated); (2) GAE treated (700 mg kg{sup -1} day{sup -1} for 15 days); (3) irradiated (5 Gy); (4) GAE+irradiated and (5) irradiated+GAE treated. The irradiation of animals resulted in a significant elevation of lipid peroxidation in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content and depletion in glutathione (GSH) and protein levels at all intervals studied, namely 1-30 days, in comparison to the control group. Treatment of mice with GAE before and after irradiation caused a significant depletion in TBARS content followed by a significant elevation in GSH and protein concentration in the intestine and testis of mice at all post-irradiation autopsy intervals in comparison to irradiated mice. Significant protection of DNA and RNA in testis was also noticed. GAE was found to have strong radical scavenging activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH{sup *}) and O{sub 2}{sup -} assays and also showed in vitro radioprotective activity in protein carbonyl assay in a dose-dependent manner. The above results prove the radioprotective efficacy of GAE.

Improved chemical radioprotection following activation with dextran sulfate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bartonickova, A.; Vacek, A.; Rotkovska, D.

1982-01-01

The radioresistance was observed of mice after sublethal and lethal gamma irradiation following a combined application of dextran sulphate and the chemical radioprotectors cystamine and mexamine. The mechanism of the radioprotection by mexamine and cystamine is connected with their effect on the oxygen tension in tissues. With the application of dextran sulphate an increase was observed in metabolic activity of tissues and a reduced oxygen tension in the medium will result in a deeper cell hypoxia in the tissue. (M.D.)

Development of enhanced radioprotectors - Biochemical and molecular genetical approaches on the radioprotective mechanism of natural products

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Jeong Hee; Lee, Eun Ju; Hong, Jung A [Kyunghee University, Seoul (Korea)

2000-04-01

To identify radio-protective agent candidate among medicinal plants and to elucidate the mechanism of action of the candidate material by using modern biochemical and molecular biological methods, we screened radio-protective activity among 48 medicinal plants. Seven samples showed above 20% protective activities against oxidative cell damage: Euryale ferox, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Eucomia ulmoides, Paeonia suffruticosa, Spirodela polyrrhiza, and Nelumbo nucifera. We also screened for oxidative stress sensitizing activity among other 51 medicinal plants. Among those samples, 11 samples showed good sensitizing effect; Melia azedarach, Agastache rugosa, Catalpa ovata, Prunus persica, Sinomenium acutum, Pulsatilla koreana, Oldenlandia diffusa, Anthriscus sylvestris, Schizandra chinensis, Gleditsia sinensis, and Cridium officinale. We also reported the radio-protective effect of DTT. The treatment of DTT increased cell survival after gamma-irradiation, decreased in the frequencies of micronucleus, and reduction in DNA fragmentation and apoptotic cells. Induction of apoptosis after UV-C irradiation was revealed by the changes in the relative cell death, increase in the relative amount of apoptotic cells, and the induction of DNA fragmentation. 165 refs., 9 figs., 8 tabs. (Author)

Diffusion du matériel végétal amélioré palmier à huile en milieu villageois : l’expérience du Bénin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adje Isaac A.

2001-09-01

Full Text Available Le palmier à huile se cultive dans la région du Sud Bénin où il représente un produit populaire et de grande notoriété au sein des producteurs agricoles. Son importance socio-économique reste très marquée tant au niveau des populations qu’au niveau national. Ainsi, depuis l’époque coloniale jusqu’aux premières décennies de l’indépendance du pays, les plans de développement ont consacré d’importants financements pour sa promotion, notamment le sous-secteur industriel à travers les différentes sociétés d’État qui ont été successivement créées à cet effet [1]. Malgré ces importants efforts et l’engouement des populations, cette culture a connu un déclin parce qu’elle n’a pas pu s’adapter assez rapidement à l’évolution du climat, marquée par une chute de la pluviométrie, et à la fluctuation du marché mondial des oléagineux caractérisé par la concurrence des pays producteurs des zones écologiquement plus favorables [2]. Il s’en est suivi au Bénin une désorganisation de la filière dans toutes ses composantes (palmeraies villageoises et plantations industrielles qui a été préjudiciable à l’économie nationale. Suite à sa libéralisation, marquée par la mise en oeuvre des Programmes d’ajustement structurel (PAS, on assiste à un redressement général de l’économie nationale qui a touché aussi le secteur palmier à huile et a amené l’État à décider de la réhabilitation de cette filière. La dévaluation du franc CFA intervenue en 1994 a été un atout majeur pour justifier cette relance. Ainsi, dans le cadre de la table ronde sur le secteur rural de septembre 1995 et dans celui de la priorité accordée à la diversification agricole, l’orientation a été prise de relancer la production du palmier à huile par des actions au nombre desquelles on peut citer le « programme de développement des plantations villageoises et celui de la réhabilitation des plantations

Development of engineering diffractometer at J-PARC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moriai, Atsushi [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan)]. E-mail: atsushi.moriai@jaea.go.jp; Torii, Shuki [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan); Suzuki, Hiroshi [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan); Harjo, Stefanus [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan); Morii, Yukio [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan); Arai, Masatoshi [Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki, 319-1195 (Japan); Tomota, Yo [Ibaraki University, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki, 316-8511 (Japan); Suzuki, Tetsuya [Ibaraki University, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki, 316-8511 (Japan); Akiniwa, Yoshiaki [Nagoya University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, 464-8603 (Japan); Kimura, Hidehiko [Nagoya University, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, 464-8603 (Japan); Akita, Koich [Musashi Institute of Technology, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8557 (Japan)

2006-11-15

An engineering diffractometer for investigations of stresses and crystallographic structures within engineering components is now being developed at J-PARC project. The diffractometer is designed to view a decoupled-poisoned liquid H{sub 2} moderator providing neutrons with good symmetrical diffraction profiles in the acceptable wavelength range. The diffractometer will have a primary flight path of 40 m and a secondary flight path of 2.0 m for 90{sup o} scattering detector banks, and will include a curved supermirror neutron guide to avoid intensity loss due to the long flight path and to reduce backgrounds from fast neutrons and gamma rays. Therefore, stresses with sufficient accuracies in many engineering studies are quite promising. The diffractometer involves a sample translator which is able to handle large and heavy real industrial-scaled components. Detailed design works are being continuously promoted. The optimization of the diffractometer has been performed with a Monte Carlo simulation, and an appropriate resolution of less than 0.2% in {delta}d/d has been confirmed.

Actes des 5èmes Journées Scientifiques du GDR3544 Sciences du Bois. Journées Annuelles du GDR 3544 Sciences du Bois

OpenAIRE

CHAPLAIN, Myriam; CARE, Sabine; GRIL, Joseph

2016-01-01

Le Groupement de Recherche en Sciences du bois (GDR3544 Sciences du Bois) a été créé en 2012 par le CNRS et renouvelé en 2016 pour 5 ans. La mission de ce groupement est : (1) de structurer la recherche sur le bois en France pour lui donner une visibilité nationale, (2) de contribuer au développement de la formation en sciences du bois et (3) de servir de relai aux réseaux internationaux de sciences du bois. Les 5èmes journées annuelles du GDR Bois ont été organisées à Bordeaux, au domaine du...

A Phase Space Monitoring of Injected Beam of J-PARC MR

Science.gov (United States)

Hatakeyama, Shuichiro; Toyama, Takeshi

Beam power of J-PARC MR (30 GeV Proton Synchrotron Main Ring) has been improved since 2008 and now achieved over 200 kW for the user operation. A part of beam loss is localized at the beam injection phase so it is important to monitor the beam bunch behavior in the transverse direction. In this paper it is described the method how to measure the position and momentum for each injected beam bunch using Beam Position Monitors (BPMs). It is also mentioned some implementation of an operator's interface (OPI) to display the plots of injected and circulating beam bunches in phase space coordinate.

2267-IJBCS -Article-Julien Avakoudjo

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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Les forêts galeries dégradées quasi inexistantes en 1972 se sont reconstituées à partir de 1990 et sont passées de 0,60% ...... Etudes Démographiques, Institut National de la Statistique et de l'Analyse. Economique: Cotonou. Kagoné H. 2004. Etat des lieux de la transhumance dans la zone d'influence du. Parc W du fleuve ...

Effets de la microdose sur la production du niébé, du mil et du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Effets de la microdose sur la production du niébé, du mil et du sorgho en fonction la toposéquence. Fatimata Saba, Sibiri Jean Baptiste Taonda, Idriss Serme, Alimata A. Bandaogo, Augustin P. Sourwema, Adama Kabre ...

Radioprotective effects of bacterial superoxide dismutase on mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hu Tianxi

1992-01-01

The radioprotective effects of bacterial superoxide dismutase (b-SOD) on the mice irradiated by 8 Gy γ-ray were investigated. The results showed that when b-SOD was injected before and after irradiation, the survival fraction of mice is increased 50% and 30% respectively. The former treatment could increase the DNA synthesis of the myeloid cells and spleen's lymphocytes, decrease the LPO of tissue homogenates and the hemolysis of erythrocytes significantly. The mechanism that b-SOD can drop the radiation injury of the mice was discussed

Radioprotection of normal tissues of the mouse by hypoxic breathing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stevens, G.N.; Joiner, B.; Denekamp, J.

1989-01-01

Hypoxic breathing during irradiation has been advocated as a therapeutic modality, to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy. In this form of treatment, the total and daily X-ray dose is increased by a factor of 1.25, on the assumption that all normal tissues in the beam will be protected to a similar extent by breathing gas containing a reduced oxygen concentration (usually 10%). To test this concept, we have determined the effect of varying the inspired oxygen tension on the radiosensitivity of 3 normal tissues in the mouse (kidney, jejunum and skin), and have compared these results with data from the literature for mouse lung. Reduction of the inspired oxygen tension from 21% (air) to 7-8% led to much greater radioprotection of skin (protection factor 1.37) than of lung (1.09). Protection factors for jejunum and kidney were 1.16 and 1.36 respectively. The results show that the extent of radioprotection afforded by hypoxic breathing is tissue dependent, and that great care must be taken clinically in choosing the increased radiation dose to be used in conjunction with hypoxic breathing

Vasoactive and radioprotective properties of isothiourea derivatives having NOS-inhibitory activity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Filimonova, Marina V.; Shevchenko, Ludmila I.; Ulyanenko, Stepan E.; Makarchuk, Victorya M.; Kuznetsova, Mary N.; Shevchuk, Aza S.; Lushnikova, Galina A.; Chesnakova, Ekaterina A. [Medical Radiological Research Center Health Ministry of Russia, 4, Korolev street, Obninsk, 249036, Kaluga region (Russian Federation)

2014-07-01

We studied vasoactive and radioprotective properties of new original N-acyl, S-alkyl isothiourea derivatives which are potent inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases (preferably eNOS and iNOS). These compounds have a moderate toxicity (LD50 - 400-550 mg/kg), and are stable in aqueous solutions. In hemodynamic studies, these compounds exhibited high vasotropic activity. The use of these compounds in doses of 5-15 mg/kg (0,01-0,03 LD{sub 50}) in the experimental animals in a state of the severe hemorrhagic or endo-toxic shock causes a potent vasopressor effect, accompanied by a significant and continuous rise in blood pressure. The increasing of vascular tone developed over 2-5 min after injection and persisted for at least 60-90 minutes, excelling at least 3-5 times the duration of α1-adreno-mimetic vasopressor action. The rapid increase in vascular tone under the influence of these compounds in normo-tonic animals caused protective baroreflex to prevent high blood pressure. At doses of 10-15 mg/kg the reflex reaction was mild, but at higher doses (30-40 mg/kg) the reaction was fierce and prolonged, and was accompanied by severe bradycardia, decreasing of the cardiac output and a significant weakening of the peripheral blood flow. In all cases, the hemodynamic response was reflexive and easily eliminated by atropine. The ability of these compounds to induce circulatory hypoxia was the basis for the study of their radioprotective properties. The study of radioprotective effect on the survival of animals exposed to lethal doses of γ-radiation (10 Gy) and on the survival of hematopoietic clonogenic cells showed that these compounds in doses of 80-150 mg/kg (0,2-0,3 LD50) have considerable radioprotective action, which is comparable with the protective effect of the maximum tolerated dose of cystamine. The factor of change in dose for γ-radiation, estimated by the LD{sub 50}, was 1,42-1,58. We also investigated the ability of the test compounds, due to their hypoxic

L'administration du travail et la production du droit du travail (1906-1960). : Note de synthèse du rapport de recherche

OpenAIRE

Le Crom , Jean-Pierre

2007-01-01

Synthèse d'un rapport de recherche dont l'objectif est d'appréhender le rôle de l'administration centrale du travail dans la production du droit du travail. Deux dimensions sont explorées : le profil des rédacteurs et l'organisation des structures.

Influence of cesium and lithium ions on radioprotective effectiveness of taurine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akhalaya, M.Ya.; Novosel'tseva, S.D.; Kolesnikov, Yu.A.; Bogatyrev, G.P.; Yartsev, E.I.; Kudryashov, Yu.B.

1976-01-01

In vitro experiments with irradiated cultures of heart cells from cynomolgus monkeys and mice and in vivo experiments on irradiated mice indicated that CsNO 3 , LiOAc and Li 2 CO 3 potentiated the radioprotective effect of taurine. The maximum effect was observed when equimolar conceptions of taurine and the metal salts were used

ANGRA-1 neutron kinetics model at BOL using WIMSD-5B and PARCS V2.7 codes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamers, Adolfo R.; Reis, Patricia A.L.; Rodrigues, Thiago D.A.; Pereira, Claubia; Costa, Antonella L.

2015-01-01

A steady-state neutron kinetics model of the Angra-1 NPP at BOL (Beginning Of Life) has been developed with the PARCS V2.7 neutron diffusion code. The information of the burnable poison rods, fuel enrichments and control rod banks distributions within the core have been taken from the Angra-1 FSAR (Final Safety Analysis Report) and implemented in the model. The macroscopic cross sections for the fast and thermal neutron groups have been calculated with the WIMSD-5B lattice cell code. The cross sections were obtained for the rodded and unrodded cases for each composition in the core. In order to establish the initial steady-state, an eigenvalue was made with the PARCS V2.7 code for three steady-state scenario cases reported at the FSAR; a K eff of 1.0733 was obtained for the unrodded case, K eff of 1.0718 for a 24% of bank D inserted case and K eff of 0.8512 for the full rodded case. The normalized core power density distributions were obtained and compared with the corresponding FSAR case. (author)

L’écologie industrielle : quand l’écosystème industriel devient un vecteur du développement durable

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arnaud Diemer

2007-08-01

Full Text Available L’écologie industrielle, définie par Robert Frosch (1995 comme « l’ensemble des pratiques destinées à réduire la pollution industrielle », nous amène à penser que l’écosystème industriel peut être un véritable vecteur du développement durable. L’ingénierie écologique et l’écotechnologie recommandent aux industriels de procéder à un ensemble d’opérations de rationalisation de la production (optimisation des consommations énergétiques et matérielles, minimisation des déchets à la source,réutilisation des rejets pour servir de matières premières à d’autres processus de production. Les symbioses industrielles et les parcs éco-industriels sont généralement présentés comme des modèles de rationalisation industrielle et des illustrations tangibles du développement durable.Industrial ecology is defined by Robert Frosch (1995 as practices intended to reduce industrial pollution. That leads us to think industrial ecosystem as a vector of sustainable development.Ecological engineering and ecotechnology recommend managers to rationalize the production process (optimization of material consumptions, minimization of bads…. Industrial symbiosis and industrial parks are generally presented as models of industrial rationalization and tangible illustrations of the sustainable development.

Impact of radioactivity on the environment: problems, state of current knowledge and approaches for identification of radioprotection criteria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brechignac, F.

2001-01-01

There is currently a revitalized concern about the potential impact of ionizing radiation on the environment that calls for the construction of a system ensuring an adequate radioprotection of the non-human biota and their associated biotopes. This paper first sets the context of the problem both, with respect to the general philosophy of environmental protection as a whole, but also with respect to the consideration of the environment achieved so far in the purpose of human radioprotection. The current accumulated knowledge on the effects of ionizing radiation to biota (fauna and flora) is then briefly reviewed, encompassing effects at individual and community/ecosystem level, situations of acute and chronic exposure to high and low doses, finally leading to the identification of the most critical gaps in scientific knowledge: effects of mixed low dose rates in chronic exposure to communities and ecosystems. The most significant current international efforts towards the identification of environmental radioprotection criteria and standards are finally presented along with some relevant national examples. (author)

Role of endogenous serotonin in the mechanism of action of radioprotective substances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Konstantinova, M.M.; Nekrasova, I.V.; Gusareva, Eh.V.; Dontsova, G.V.

1978-01-01

A study is made of a correlation between radiomodifying activity of noradrenaline (NA), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and a combination of these agents and their effect on the content of endogenous serotonin in cells of Ehrlich's ascites tumor and E. coli B. There is no uniformity in the response of different cells and uniform direction of the changes in their radioresistance and endogenous serotonin content both under the effect of the substances (NA and NEM) given separately and under a combined effect of the protector and the agent, which removes the protective effect or prevents realization of the latter (NEM). This enables us to arrive at a conclusion that endogenous serotonin is not the only factor responsible for the radioprotective effect of the protective substances. At the same time, it is not excluded that endogenous serotonin is involved in the chain of reactions which are necessary for the radioprotective effect to come into play

ASN report on nuclear safety and radioprotection status in France in 2010

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2011-01-01

After a general overview of the activity of the ASN (the French nuclear safety authority), of its missions and organisation, this activity report indicates the main events of 2010 concerning the actions performed by the ASN and the activities controlled by the ASN. These both aspects are then detailed. The actions performed by the ASN are dealing with nuclear activities (ionizing radiations and risks for health and for the environment), principles and actors of nuclear safety control, radioprotection and environment protection, regulation, control of nuclear activities and exposures to ionizing radiations, emergency situations, public information, international relationship, regional overview of nuclear safety and radioprotection. The activities controlled by the ASN are the medical uses of ionizing radiations, their non medical uses, the transport of radioactive materials, electronuclear plants, installations related to nuclear fuel cycle, nuclear research installations and other nuclear installations, the safety of nuclear installation dismantling, radioactive wastes and polluted sites

Effet du Pediococcus acidilactici sur le bilan lipidique sanguin du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les résultats relatifs aux performances zootechniques ont montré que l'addition du probiotique a amélioré significativement le gain de poids pendant la phase de croissance se traduisant par un indice de consommation meilleur. Les dosages du cholestérol total, des triglycérides, du HDL et du LDL ont été déterminés à la ...

Radioprotection against radiation induced bone marrow syndrome by a semi-synthetic derivative of chlorophyll

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suryavanshi, Shweta; Sharma, Deepak; Checker, Rahul; Santosh Kumar, S.; Sainis, Krishna B.

2014-01-01

A plethora of biological properties have been attributed to chlorophyllin (CHL), the water soluble derivative of the green plant pigment chlorophyll. Several studies are available describing its ability to modify genotoxic effects. It has been shown that administration CHL to human lymphopenic individuals led to the recovery and restoration of the immune system and also inhibited aflatoxin B1-DNA binding in individuals residing in high risk exposure to this liver carcinogen. The present study is aimed at establishing radioprotective efficacy of CHL against ionizing radiation induced hematopoietic syndrome. CHL offered complete protection against whole body irradiation (WBI, 7 Gy) induced mortality in mice. This observation was supported by increase in the number of macroscopic endogenous colonies enumerated on the surface of the spleens taken from CHL+WBI group as compared to WBI group. Radioprotection by CHL was found to be mediated by increasing the frequency of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as evaluated by side population assay. Administration of CHL induced G1 arrest in bone marrow cells, increased number of granulocytes and neutrophils in the peripheral blood. At the molecular level, activation of ERK was observed in bone marrow cells obtained from CHL administered mice. In conclusion, CHL mediated radioprotection was attributed to increased stem cell numbers, G1 arrest in bone marrow cells, increased neutrophil numbers and ERK activation. (author)

Radioprotective effects of CBLB502 on γ-radiated Rhesus monkey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xing SHEN

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objective　A Rhesus monkey model was employed to study the radioprotective effects of a Toll-like receptor 5 agonist, CBLB502, against 7.0Gy whole-body irradiation of 60Co gamma-rays. Methods　Thirty animals were assigned to a placebo treatment group, a WR-2721 positive control group, and three CBLB502 treatment groups (n=6 animals/group. Each animal was irradiated with 7.0Gy 60Co γ and given CBLB502 at 2.5, 10 and 40μg/kg, respectively in treatment groups, or WR-2721 at 30mg/kg, or physiological saline 0.3ml/kg for the placebo treatment group. The treatment was given once by intramuscular injection 30 min before irradiation. All irradiated animals received symptomatic treatment based on same guidelines. General observation, peripheral blood tests, hemopoietic progenitor cell colony-counting, and histopathological examination were performed. Results　We found that 10 or 40μg/kg CBLB502 treatment resulted in 100% survival, while the survival rate was 33% in placebo treatment group. Hematopoietic recovery in the WR-2721 treatment group was marginally superior to the irradiation control group. Nadirs of peripheral white cell and platelet counts of animals treated with 40μg/kg of CBLB502 were significantly higher than those of the placebo treatment group (P<0.05. CBLB502 at 40μg/kg also gave a shortened duration of low platelet count, earlier recovery time, reduced the amount of blood transfusion and damage to the bone marrow and intestine. Conclusion　All Rhesus monkeys irradiated with 7.0Gy 60Co γ-rays would suffer from severe acute radiation sickness of hematopoietic system. CBLB502 at 40μg/kg is radioprotective in this model and a single intramuscular injection of CBLB502 in a dose of 40μg/kg 30min before irradiation gives better radioprotective effects than WR-2721. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2015.04.07

Safety related investigations of the VVER-1000 reactor type by the coupled code system TRACE/PARCS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaeger, Wadim; Lischke, Wolfgang; Sanchez Espinoza, Victor Hugo

2007-01-01

This study was performed at the Institute of Reactor Safety at the Research Center Karlsruhe. It is embedded in the ongoing investigations of the international code application and maintenance program (CAMP) for qualification and validation of system codes like TRACE [1] and PARCS [2]. The predestinated reactor type for the validation of these two codes was the Russian designed VVER-1000 because the OECD/NEA VVER-1000 Coolant Transient Benchmark Phase 2 [3] includes detailed information of the Bulgarian nuclear power plant (NPP) Kozloduy unit 6. The posttest-investigations of a coolant mixing experiment have shown that the predicted parameters (coolant temperature, pressure drop, etc.) are in good agreement to the measured data. The coolant mixing pattern especially in the downcomer has been also reproduced quiet well by TRACE. The coupled code system TRACE/PARCS which was applied on a postulated main steam line break (MSLB) provides good results compared to reference values and the ones of other participants of the benchmark. It can be pointed out that the developed three-dimensional nodalisation of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is appropriate for the description of transients where the thermal-hydraulics and the neutronics are strongly linked. (author)

Radioprotection of the patient in nuclear medicine; Proteccion radiologica del paciente en medicina nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perez, Maria del R [Autoridad Regulatoria Nuclear, Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2004-07-01

The following topics are developed: concepts on radioprotection; stochastic and deterministic effects; the prenatal irradiation; different types of radiation exposition (medical, occupational and public irradiation); and the justification of the levels of radiation.

Morphological study of the radioprotective effect of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopheryl) in tissue reparation in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manzi, Flavio Ricardo; Boscolo, Frab Norberto; Almeida, Solange Maria de; Tuji, Fabricio Mesquita

2003-01-01

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the action of the vitamin E as a radioprotective agent in the process of tissue reparation in rats submitted to a surgical procedure, which consisted of a wound done in the fore dorsal area. The animals were divided into five groups: group C (controls) - wound; group VE - previous treatment with vitamin E (90 UI); group IR - wound and irradiation of the borders three days after surgery; group VEIR - previous treatment with 90 UI of the vitamin E and irradiation of the borders three days after the surgery; group OIR - previous treatment with olive oil and irradiation of the borders three days after surgery. The radioprotective effect of the vitamin E was evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens in order to identify granulation tissue, at 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after the surgical procedures. The results showed that 6 Gy of electron irradiation with a beam of 6 MeV caused retardation of the tissue repairing process and that vitamin E was effective as a radioprotective agent. (author)

cas du parc national de nouabale ndoki

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SECRETARIAT

Les ménagères se répartissent dans 6 ethnies : Bomassa, Pomo, Bakouélé,. Bangagoulou, Mbondjo, OCA. Les fabriquants de vin de maïs appartiennent à 3 ethnies : Bomassa, OCA, OC. Ceux qui s'adonnent à la cueillette sont les Gbaya, les Bambenzélé et les Bangombé ; Les commerçants sont les. Pomo et les Kouyou.

Alimentation du nouveau-ne et du nourrisson dans la region ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Alimentation du nouveau-ne et du nourrisson dans la region centrale du togo : pratiques familiales et communautaires avant la mise en oeuvre de la strategie « prise en charge integree des maladies de l'enfant »

Wintertime component of the THORPEX Pacific-Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC)

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Y.; Toth, Z.; Asuma, Y.; Reynolds, C.; Lngland, R.; Szunyogh, I.; Colle, B.; Chang, E.; Doyle, C.; Kats, A.

2009-04-01

The winter component of the T-PARC is an international field project that aims at improving high impact weather event forecasts for North America. The main objective is to understand how perturbations from the tropics, Eurasia and polar fronts travel through waveguide and turn into high impact weather events. Through adaptive observations by using manned aircrafts (NOAA G-IV and US Air force C-130s) and Russian rawinsonde network over data sparse regions, it is expected that accurate initial conditions will improve the numerical weather forecasts. Non-adaptive aircraft measurements over the Pacific Rim and part of India are also deployed through E-AMDAR program, which is expected to improve the background field over Asia where perturbations are initiated. The campaign is led by NOAA and joined by agencies and universities from US, Canada, Mexico, Japan, ECWMF, and Russia. While most observational data will be assimilated by operational centers to improve real time numerical weather predictions, post field studies will focus on aspects such as: data impact on forecast and analysis, dry and moist processes that affect the formation and propagation of perturbations, meso-scale storm structure, error growth, forecast "busts" under certain atmospheric regimes, and socio-economic applications such as costs and benefits of improved forecasts and their use by the public for high impact weather events. In particular, a Winter Olympics demonstration project (February 12 - February 28) is expected to be a test bed during winter T-PARC for real user outreach and application purposes. Effectiveness of existing targeting methods as well as new targeting methods in the 3-5 day lead time range will be pursued and other aspects related to data assimilation and numerical forecasts (both deterministic and ensemble forecasts) will be investigated within this project as well.

Radioprotection by murine and human tumor-necrosis factor; Dose-dependent effects on hematopoiesis in the mouse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sloerdal, L; Muench, M O; Warren, D J; Moore, M A.S. [James Ewing Laboratory of Developmental Hematopoiesis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York (USA)

1989-01-01

Tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) has been shown to confer significant radioprotection in murine models. Herein, we demonstrate a dose-dependent enhancement of hematological recovery when single doses of either murine or human recombinant TNF are administered prior to irradiation. In addition to its action upon leukocytes and erythocytes, TNF also alleviates radiation-induced thrombocytopenia in the mouse. These effects on circulating blood constituents are further reflected in increased numbers of both primitive (CFU-S) and more differentiated (CFU-GM, CFU-Mega) hematopoietic progenitors in TNF-treated animals. This suggests that TNF exerts it radioprotective effects on a pool of primitive multi-potential hematopoietic cells. (author).

Radioprotective effects of dextran sulphate in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vacek, A.; Bartonickova, A.; Rotkovska, D.; Palyga, G.F.; Zhukova, N.A.

1981-01-01

Influence of a single i.p. injection of dextran sulphate on radiosensitivity of mice was investigated. The administration of dextran sulphate 24, 48 and 72 hours prior to irradiation increased formation of endogenous colonies of the hemopoietic tissue on the surface of the spleen. DRF calculated from an equieffective exposure for 5 colonies was 1.96 when dextran sulphate was administered 24 hours before irradiation, and 2.25 when dextran sulphate was administered 72 hours before irradiation. The radioprotective effects of dextran sulphate were manifested also in the survival of animals exposed to lethal doses of short-termed as well as long-termed gamma radiation. (orig.) [de

Training in radioprotection in the School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rivera, Elena; Cremaschi, Graciela; Martin, Graciela; Zubillaga, Marcela; Davio, Carlos; Genaro, Ana; Cricco, Graciela; Mohamad, Nora; Bianchin, Ana; Goldman, Cinthia; Salgueiro, Jimena; Klecha, Alicia; Nunez, Mariel; Medina, Vanina; Cocca, Claudia; Leonardi, Natalia; Collia, Nicolas; Gutierrez, Alicia; Massari, Noelia; Bomben, Ana; Bergoc, Rosa

2008-01-01

The radioisotopes techniques have notably contributed to the advancement of knowledge in medicine and biomedicine during the last 60 years. The School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, offers different Courses on methodology of radioisotopes in which the specialized knowledge on radioprotection is adapted to the following different groups: 1) A course for biochemistry students; 2) A course for physicians; 3) A course for graduates in biochemistry, biology, chemistry or other disciplines related to the health; 4) An up-dating course for licensed professionals; 5) A course for nuclear medicine technicians; and finally: 6) A course for Pharmacy students. The main objective of radiological protection teaching is specific and fitted to each level: the course (1) has been given (optional or mandatory) since 1960 for more than 7500 students. Part of the learning process in radioprotection is only informative, because in this case the students are not allowed to ask the Argentinean Nuclear Regulatory Authority authorization for radioactive material handling. Course (2) has been taken by more than 800 physicians since 1962. Here, the students receive a very intensive training in radioprotection which includes: justification, optimization and dose limits; dosimetric magnitudes and units; internal and external dosimetry of 99m Tc, 201 Tl, 60 Co and other isotopes used in medicine; safety in occupational exposure; national and international legislation. Since 1962, more than 1000 graduates have attended course (3). In this case the training in radioprotection is as intensive as in course (2) with special focusing in 125 I, 3 H, 14 C, 32 P and other isotopes used in biomedicine. Course (4) has been given from 1992 and the objective is to up-date knowledge and the intensity of training depends on the requirements of each professional. Course (5) has been given since 1997 and it is mainly directed to the operational aspects of

Study of the antithyroid and radioprotective properties of compounds of the 5 thione imidazolidines group; Etude des proprietes antithyroidiennes et radioprotectrices de composes de la famille des 5 thione imidazolidines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rinaldi, R; Bernard, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

Some compounds of the 5 thione imidazolidines group were synthesized by conventional or original methods, and this study is aimed at defining certain pharmacodynamic properties which these substances may be expected to show on the basis of their structure. The properties looked for are: - antithyroid activity, by studying the difference in iodine 131 fixation by the thyroid of rats previously treated or not with these materials; - radioprotective activity, by the comparative study of percentage survival; after 30 days, of mice subjected to a lethal dose of X radiation and having received or not, before irradiation, an intraperitoneal injection of the product under investigation. (author) [French] La synthese de quelques composes de la famille des 5 thione imidazolidines a ete realisee par des methodes classiques ou originales, et le but de ce travail est d'essayer de preciser certaines proprietes pharmacodynamiques que la structure de ces substances peut laisser prevoir. Les proprietes recherchees sont: - l'activite antithyroidienne par l'etude de la difference de la fixation de l'iode 131 par la thyroide de rats prealablement traites ou non par ces produits; - l'activite radioprotectrice par l'etude comparative du pourcentage de survie a 30 jours chez des souris soumises a une dose lethale de rayonnement X, et ayant recu ou non, avant irradiation une injection intraperitoneale du produit a etudier. (auteur)

Paludisme et Agriculture au Kenya

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Nancy Minogue

Justus Mwangi n'ira pas travailler à la rizière aujourd'hui. Dans le miroitement du chaud soleil de midi, il reste plutôt à l'ombre d'un arbre à discuter du plus grave problème de santé qui frappe son village : le paludisme. « C'est une maladie handicapante parce qu'elle nous empêche de marcher. Elle provoque des maux de.

Télécentres : de l'idée à la réalité au Mozambique | CRDI - Centre ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

1 nov. 2010 ... J'espère que ce projet débouchera sur d'autres initiatives avec d'autres gens, dans d'autres régions du pays, dit-elle, parce que nous voulons vraiment créer une sorte de franchise. Notre projet est un projet pilote qui sert à confirmer et infirmer, etc. » Elle s'inquiète, cependant, du débat actuel au ...

Portage vaginal du streptocoque du groupe B chez la femme ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: le streptocoque du groupe B est le principal agent impliqué dans les infections materno-fœtales, les septicémies et les méningites du nouveau-né à terme. L'objectif est de déterminer le taux de portage maternel du streptocoque du groupe B (SGB) à terme. Méthodes: un prélèvement vaginal a été réalisé de ...

Antagonism of ascorbate against the radioprotective action of cysteamine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naeslund, M; Ehrenberg, L; Djalali-Behzad, G [Stockholm Univ. (Sweden). Radiobiologiska Institutionen

1976-07-01

An investigation has been carried out into the interaction of cysteamine (MEA) and ascorbate on the radiosensitivity of E.coli, with painstaking removal of autoxidation products from glassware. Trace amounts of copper could be effectively removed, and the influence of small amounts of iron contaminating the analytical grade phosphate was assessed. The bacteria were exposed to MEA and/or ascorbate for 1 hour at 37/sup 0/C, irradiation with 42 or 58 krad of /sup 60/Co ..gamma..rays taking place 30 to 40 minutes after the additions. Survival studies demonstrated the reversion of a major fraction of the radioprotective action of MEA (2 or 6 mM) by ascorbate (5 mM) simultaneously present in the medium. Net RNA synthesis, determined by the incorporation of /sup 3/H-uridine, was suppressed by MEA and this was partly reversed by ascorbate. The irradiation of bacterium suspensions containing MEA and ascorbate was found to provoke a conspicuous stimulation of RNA synthesis above the level of unirradiated parallel samples. The effects of some oxidizing treatments (dehydroascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide, 3.6 ..mu..M FeSO/sub 4/ or 1 ..mu..M CuSO/sub 4/) together with MEA were also studied. Possible mechanisms for the ability of ascorbate to counteract the radioprotective action of MEA are discussed, and the implication of monodehydroascorbate formed during irradiation is suggested.

Validation of the coupled TRACE /PARCS model of KKL through data of plant from the event shooting turbine 2001; Validacion del modelo acoplado TRACE/PARCS de KKL por medio de los datos de planta del evento disparo de turbina 2001

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hidalga, P.; Sekhri, A.; Baumann, P.; Miro, R.; Barrachina, T.; Morera, D.; Verdu, G.

2014-07-01

In order to improve the modeling of the nuclear power station Leibstadt (KKL), has been used neutronic code PARCS 3D mesh and the Thermo-hydraulic TRACE. This work is part of the development of a multi-scale methodology and multi-physic allowing the analysis of transient in the reactor, using the available simulation tools. To check the validity of the model it has been simulated a transient complex type turbine trigger the same actual event in plant-based and the results have been compared. At the same time, have been generated the necessary effective sections corresponding to the cycle that is happened the event using the SIMTAB methodology, developed by the ISIRYM jointly with IBERINCO. The model used in TRACE is based on the prior model existing TRAC-BF1. The comparison with plant data shows a good agreement with the data from the simulation. As a result, it can be concluded that KKL TRACE/PARCS coupled model with the generation of effective sections SIMTAB provides a satisfactory analysis of transient turbine trigger complex. (Author)

Radioprotection in E. coli by an agent from M. radiodurans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goldstein, L S; Gersten, D M; Bruce, A K [State Univ. of New York, Buffalo (USA). Dept. of Biology

1978-10-01

An agent extracted from the radioresistant bacterium M. radiodurans was found to protect several strains of E. coli from X-radiation. Optimal radioprotection was observed when the repair-proficient B/r strain was irradiated in the presence of the agent under hypoxic conditions. It is proposed that this agent acts to modify damage incurred in the presence of reduced oxygen concentrations so that this damage might be subsequently repaired.

Radioactivity and radioprotection: the every day life in a nuclear installation. Press tour at CEA/GRENOBLE 18 november 1999; Radioactivite et radioprotection: la vie quotidienne dans une installation nucleaire. Voyage de presse au Centre CEA/CADARACHE 18 novembre 1999

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-11-01

In the framework of the public information, this paper gives a general information on the radioactivity and the radioprotection at the CEA/Cadarache center. A first part is devoted to a presentation of the radioactivity with definitions and radiation effects on the human being and the environment. An other part presents the radioprotection activities and regulations. The last part deals with specific activities of the CEA/Cadarache: the CASCAD installations for spent fuels storage, the LECA Laboratory for the Examination of Active Fuels and a dismantling installation for big irradiated objects. Historical aspects of the CEA/Cadarache are also provided. (A.L.B.)

The ISRN has assessed the safety and radioprotection of the solid radioactive waste management area at CEA/Saclay; L'IRSN a expertise la surete et la radioprotection de la zone de gestion des dechets radioactifs solides du CEA/Saclay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2009-07-01

Completed by a report of a Permanent Group of Experts on the safety re-examination for the solid radioactive waste management area of the CEA/Saclay, this paper is a statement of the assessment by the IRSN (the French Institute of Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety) of this safety re-examination. It first recalls what a safety re-examination is for a nuclear installation and indicates the documents which have been transmitted by the CEA and analysed. Then, it briefly describes the activities which are performed in the concerned area: collecting, warehousing, conditioning, control and shipping of solid radioactive wastes or useless fuels. The IRSN comments the works done and to be done for the different operations on different types of waste (low or middle activity), and then the different aspects of the installation safety (radiations, confining, fire, climatic events, civil engineering)

Development of radiation resistant magnets for JHF/J-PARC project

CERN Document Server

Tanaka, K H; Takahashi, H; Agari, K; Toyoda, A; Sato, Y; Minakawa, M; Noumi, H; Yamanoi, Y; Ieiri, M; Katoh, Y; Yamada, Y; Suzuki, Y; Takasaki, M; Birumachi, T; Tsukuda, S; Saitoh, Y; Saitô, N; Yahata, K; Kato, K; Tanaka, H; 10.1109/TASC.2004.829681

2004-01-01

A series of the R&D works on the radiation resistant magnets for the Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) project has been continued at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). The JHF is a high- energy part of the Japanese high intensity Particle Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), which is Japanese next-generation high- intensity accelerator project. The main JHF accelerator is the 50 GeV proton synchrotron and will provide high intensity 15 mu A proton beam for various nuclear and particle physics experiments. This time, the actual sized completely-inorganic radiation-resistant quadrupole magnet, designed for the 50 GeV proton beam transportation, was manufactured successfully by using mineral insulation magnet cable (MIC). The assembling procedure and the test results are presented in this issue. (8 refs).

1826-IJBCS-Article-Sandjong Sani1

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Etude écologique du Parc National de Mozogo-Gokoro (Cameroun): ... et soudaniennes au sahélien, malgré les menaces anthropiques notées. ... risques climatiques et édaphiques déterminent ... présent travail a pour objectif global de.

Evaluation of radioprotective action of a mutant (E-25) form of Chlorella vulgaris in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sarma, L.; Tiku, A.B.; Kesavan, P.C.; Ogaki, M.

1993-01-01

The possible role of orally fed Chlorella vulgaris (E-25) in modulating the gamma-ray induced chromosomal damage in whole-body irradiated mice was evaluated using a micronucleus test. Different doses of E-25 were administered either chronically (once, twice or thrice a day for 28 days) or as single acute doses before/after irradiation. A significant radioprotective effect was observed in both acute and chronic pretreatments, but only at doses above 400 mg/kg body weight. However, in mice that received E-25 (500 mg/kg) three times a day for 28 days, there was no protective effect, and a significant loss in their body weight was observed. Interestingly, E-25 afforded significant radioprotection even when it was administered within 0.4 hr after irradiation. (author)

La confrontation entre les ressources en eau et les besoins en eau en moyenne montagne cristalline. Quelles contraintes, quels acteurs et quelles politiques de gestion ?

OpenAIRE

Benmalek , Yohann

2009-01-01

Terrain d'étude : Parc Naturel Régional du Pilat, Syndicat du Pays du Gier, SICALA Antenne de Tence.; The objective of this Doctorate was to put in adequacy water resources and water requirements on average crystalline mountain through the example of the Country of Gier, the Regional Natural reserve of Pilat and S.I.C.A.L.A. "Antenna of Tence ". This work was realized in a space of low mountain range. It corresponds so in the middle geographical in the strict sense as in a space lived by a so...

Le ministre du Commerce international du Canada rencontre des ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

17 juil. 2017 ... La promotion de l'entrepreneuriat, la façon dont le commerce peut profiter aux femmes et à leur famille, et la création d'emplois pour les plus vulnérables étaient au coeur de la discussion en table ronde du ministre du Commerce international du Canada, l'honorable François-Philippe Champagne, et des ...

Simulation of the first step of the coupling of the PARCS/RELAP5 codes to ANGRA 2 facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Pozzo, Andrea Sanchez; Andrade, Delvonei A. de; Sabundjian, Gaiane

2015-01-01

Since the Three Mile Island (1979) and Chernobyl (1986) accidents, the International Agency of Energy Atomic (IAEA) has worked with the authorities of other countries that use nuclear power plants in order to guarantee the safe of those facilities. The utilities have simulated design basic accidents to verify the integrity of the nuclear power plant to these events. However, after Fukushima accident in Japan (2011), the people have felt insecure and been afraid in relation to nuclear power plants. Today, the international and national organizations, such as the International Agency of Energy Atomic (IAEA) and Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), respectively, have worked very hard to prevent some accidents and transients in nuclear power plants in order to ensure the security of the general population. In case of accidents, as the Rod Ejection Accident (REA), it is very important to do the coupling between neutronic and thermal hydraulic areas of nuclear reactors. To solve this type of problem there is the coupling between PARCS/RELAP5 codes. However, to perform this analysis it is necessary to simulate three steps. The first step is simulating the steady state of one nuclear power plant by using RELAP5 code. The second step is to run the steady state of this reactor using the coupling PARCS/RELAP5, and the final step is simulating the REA of this facility with PARCS/RELAP5 coupling. The aim of this work is to show the results of the first step of this analysis, i.e., by means of simulation the steady state of Angra 2 nuclear power plant using RELAP5 version 3.3. In this case, the modeling from the core was more detailed than in the original version developed some years ago for Angra 2. The results obtained in this work were satisfactory. (author)

Simulation of the first step of the coupling of the PARCS/RELAP5 codes to ANGRA 2 facility

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Del Pozzo, Andrea Sanchez; Andrade, Delvonei A. de; Sabundjian, Gaiane, E-mail: delvonei@ipen.br, E-mail: gdjian@ipen.br [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2015-07-01

Since the Three Mile Island (1979) and Chernobyl (1986) accidents, the International Agency of Energy Atomic (IAEA) has worked with the authorities of other countries that use nuclear power plants in order to guarantee the safe of those facilities. The utilities have simulated design basic accidents to verify the integrity of the nuclear power plant to these events. However, after Fukushima accident in Japan (2011), the people have felt insecure and been afraid in relation to nuclear power plants. Today, the international and national organizations, such as the International Agency of Energy Atomic (IAEA) and Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), respectively, have worked very hard to prevent some accidents and transients in nuclear power plants in order to ensure the security of the general population. In case of accidents, as the Rod Ejection Accident (REA), it is very important to do the coupling between neutronic and thermal hydraulic areas of nuclear reactors. To solve this type of problem there is the coupling between PARCS/RELAP5 codes. However, to perform this analysis it is necessary to simulate three steps. The first step is simulating the steady state of one nuclear power plant by using RELAP5 code. The second step is to run the steady state of this reactor using the coupling PARCS/RELAP5, and the final step is simulating the REA of this facility with PARCS/RELAP5 coupling. The aim of this work is to show the results of the first step of this analysis, i.e., by means of simulation the steady state of Angra 2 nuclear power plant using RELAP5 version 3.3. In this case, the modeling from the core was more detailed than in the original version developed some years ago for Angra 2. The results obtained in this work were satisfactory. (author)

Radioprotection of the environment: on the context of biodiversity and evolutionary theory. A reference organism has no genetic properties

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cedervall, Bjoern

2008-01-01

The recent efforts to define a basis for radioprotection of the environment include some concepts and ideas related to various endpoints which need a clarification. This paper focuses on the biodiversity concept and the context of individuals of a species as well as that of the species as a gene pool. A major problem with the ambition to radioprotect biodiversity is the concept 'reference organism' which has no genetic properties and therefore is in contradiction with a real biological species. Biodiversity and the species (gene pool) concept are, just as any other areas of biology, integral parts of evolutionary theory. With the reference organism as a basis no meaningful reasoning can take place which relates data on radioactivity levels or mutations to potential effects on populations or biodiversity. It is therefore suggested that the national and international bodies involved in radioprotection of the environment take advantage of evolutionary theory as a reference frame. (author)

Stabilization of glucocorticoid receptors in isolated rat hepatocytes by radioprotectants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karle, J.M.; Ridder, W.E.; Wright, N.; Olmeda, R.; Nielsen, C.J.

1986-01-01

Previous work has shown that glucocorticoid receptors in rat liver homogenate can be stabilized by the addition of MoO 4 plus the sulfhydryl-containing compounds dithiothreitol and WR 1065. The latter is the dephosphorylated, principal metabolite of the radioprotectant WR 2721 (or S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethanesphosphorothioic acid). The current work results from applying this knowledge to intact rat hepatocytes. Cells were isolated by collagenase perfusion and incubated in supplemented minimum essential medium at 37 0 C with various concentrations of WR 2721, WR 1065, or vehicle. Samples of these cell suspensions were analyzed at various times for steroid binding capacity by incubating homogenates (27,000 x g supernates) with 50 nM 3 H-triamcinolone acetonide in the presence or absence of excess unlabelled dexamethasone. Concentrations of 10 mM WR 2721 provided marked preservation of the binding capacity (>85% of the initial value at 5 hours) compared to control at 60% of the binding capacity. WR 1065 at 10 mM provided no such protection. This is consistent with the observation that WR 1065 does not pass cell membranes. The authors propose that supplying reducing equivalents to intracellular components such as the glucocorticoid receptor may be one mechanism of the radioprotection afforded by WR 2721

Conflits et coopérations en territoire montagnard Mapuche (Argentine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renaud Miniconi

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La question des autochtones est devenue, durant les deux dernières décennies, une préoccupation majeure dans différents pays du monde, comme en Argentine où environ 600 000 individus se reconnaissent comme tels, soit 1,5 % de sa population totale. Toutefois, ces populations sont encore trop souvent marginalisées à l’échelle de certaines régions, comme c’est le cas pour les Mapuche du Parc National Nahuel Huapi, situé dans les provinces du Rio Negro et de Neuquén. Si les textes internationaux et parfois nationaux réhabilitent certains droits humains essentiels de ces populations, les réalités locales sont plus contrastées, du fait d’intérêts souvent divergents des acteurs régionaux. Dans le contexte particulier d’une Argentine marquée par des difficultés d’accès à la propriété foncière pour une large part de la population, les parcs nationaux se révèlent être des outils pertinents, pour les populations autochtones, de recouvrement de leurs terres ancestrales, grâce en particulier aux processus de co-gestion participative mise en place sur ces territoires.

Radioprotection considerations on the expansion project of an interim storage facility for radioactive waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boni-Mitake, Malvina; Suzuki, Fabio F.; Dellamano, Jose C.

2009-01-01

The Radioactive Waste Management (GRR) of the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN/CNEN-SP) receives, treats, packs, characterizes and stores institutional radioactive wastes generated at IPEN-CNEN/SP and also those received from several radiological facilities in the country. The current storage areas have been used to store the treated radioactive waste since the early 1980's and their occupation is close to their full capacity, so a storage area expansion is needed. The expansion project includes the rebuilding of two sheds and the enlargement of the third one in the area currently occupied by the GRR and in a small adjacent area. The civil works will be in controlled area, where the waste management operations will be maintained, so all the steps of this project should be planned and optimized, from the radioprotection point of view. The civil construction will be made in steps. During the project implementation there will be transfer operations of radioactive waste packages to the rebuilt area. After these transfer operations, the civil works will proceed in the vacant areas. This project implies on radiological monitoring, dose control of the involved workers, decontamination and clearance of areas and it is also envisaged the need for repacking of some radioactive waste. The objective this paper is to describe the radioprotection study developed to this expansion project, taking into account the national radioprotection and civil construction regulations. (author)

Researches on radioprotective effects of dendrobium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Chongdao; Qiang Yizhong; Cui Fengmei

2004-01-01

Effects of Dendrobium on the LPO content in the mouse tissues, the white blood cells and platelets in the mouse peripheral blood after whole-body γ-ray irradiation exposure were studied. Besides, the 30-day survival rates of irradiated mice treated with three different doses of Dendrobium were observed. The results show that Dendrobium was effective in reducing the LPO contents in the tissues (p<0.01); and could increase the platelets in the peripheral blood of irradiated mice; and white blood cells had a tendency toward rising; different doses of Dendrobium could raise the survival rates of irradiated mice and prolong the survival duration. The above-mentioned findings suggest that Dendrobium has the radioprotective effect and its mechanism probably relates to scavenging of free radicals and restoration of haematopoiesis. (authors)

Occupational radioprotection in the cyclotron laboratory radioisotope production at IEN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fajardo, P.W.; Teixeira, M.V.; Santos, I.H.T.; Pujol Filho, S.V.

1990-07-01

The Cyclotron of the Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear is operated mainly for radioisotope production, neutron production studies and irradiation damage analysis. The risks associated to the activities developed in these laboratories are exposition to beta, neutron and gama radiation and contamination. The radioprotection program adapted are presented briefly and the results of the air and surface contamination analysis, liquid efluents and dose equivalent of the workers in 1988 are shown. (author) [pt

Comparaison du filtre adaptatif RIF et du filtre a base de reseau de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Comparaison du filtre adaptatif RIF et du filtre a base de reseau de neurones pour le filtrage du courant de reference pour la commande du filtre actif parallele. C Benachaiba, A Bassou, B Mazari ...

Radioprotective action of WR-1065 on radiation-induced DNA strand breaks in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murray, D.; VanAnkeren, S.C.; Milas, L.; Meyn, R.E.

1988-01-01

We have examined the radioprotective effect of WR-1065 on cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. The effects of the drug on the induction and rejoining of gamma-ray-induced DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) were measured using alkaline (pH 12.1) and neutral (pH 7.0) elution, respectively. Molecular protection factors (PFs) calculated from these data allowed us to determine whether the degree of modification of strand breakage accurately predicted the PFs measured using the biological end point of cell survival. The drug did protect against the induction of both SSBs and DSBs, although to an extent that did not appear to fully account for the degree of radioprotection in terms of cell killing measured under identical conditions. It is therefore unlikely that radioprotection by WR-1065 occurs simply as a consequence of a general lowering of all types of gamma-ray-induced DNA lesions, and it is possible that the drug could differentially protect against the induction of subsets of these DNA lesions. The rate of SSB rejoining was retarded following preirradiation treatment of cells with WR-1065, but there was no effect on DSB rejoining. Postirradiation treatment with WR-1065 also appeared to retard SSB rejoining but without an accompanying effect on either DSB rejoining or cell survival; however, this effect was largely reversed by the addition of catalase and was, therefore, probably a result of H 2 O 2 generated by autoxidation of the drug. Based on these observations, it would appear that the molecular actions of aminothiol radioprotective compounds that lead to reduced cell killing are much more complex than previously thought

Interactive computer codes for education and training on nuclear safety and radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leszczynski, Francisco

2008-01-01

Two interactive computer codes for education and training on nuclear safety and radioprotection developed at RA6 Reactor Division-Bariloche Atomic Center-CNEA are presented on this paper. The first code named SIMREACT has been developed in order to simulate the control of a research nuclear reactor in real time with a simple but accurate approach. The code solves the equations of neutron punctual kinetics with time variable reactivity. Utilizing the timer of the computer and the controls of a PC keyboard, with an adequate graphic interface, a simulation in real time of the temporal behavior of a research reactor is obtained. The reactivity can be changed by means of the extraction or insertion of control rods. It was implemented also the simulation of automatic pilot and scram. The use of this code is focalized on practices of nuclear reactor control like start-up from the subcritical state with external source up to power to a desired level, change of power level, calibration of a control rod with different methods, and approach to critical condition by interpolation of the answer in function of reactivity. The second code named LICEN has been developed in order to help the studies of all the topics included in examination programs for obtaining licenses for research reactor operators and radioprotection officials. Using the PC mouse, with an adequate graphic interface, the student can gradually learn the topics related with general and special licenses. The general option includes nuclear reactor engineering, radioprotection, nuclear safety, documentation and normative. The specific option includes mandatory documentation, description of the installation and task on normal and emergency situations. For each of these topics there are sub-items with all the relevant information. The objective of this code is to joint in one electronic place a large amount of information which usually it is disseminated on difficult to find separated papers. (author)

Etat Du Magnesium Dans Quelques Sols Sales Du Sud Et Du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

étude a été réalisée sur 86 échantillons de sols provenant du Centre et du Sud de l´Irak. L\\'expérimentation a consisté, d´une part, à calculer les différents sels dominants dans les sols salés par la méthode de combinaison hypothétique et, ...

Modulation of radioprotective effects of respiratory hypoxia by changing the duration of hypoxia before irradiation and by combining hypoxia and administration of hemopoiesis-stimulating agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vacek, A.; Hofer, M.

2001-01-01

Aim: Analysis of radioprotective effect of respiratory hypoxia on hemopoietic tissue and enhancement of this effect by hemopoietic activation. Material and methods: In mice breathing hypoxic gas mixture during total body gamma irradiation the recovery of pluripotent and committed granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells and animal lethality were determined. Results: In mice forced to breathe 10% O 2 and 8% O 2 during irradiation, the oxygen tension in the spleen decreased to 40% and 20%, respectively, of control values. Hypoxia mitigated the lethal effect of gamma-rays and improved the recovery of hemopoiesis in compartments of pluripotent and committed progenitor cells. Enhancement of the proliferative activity in hemopoietic tissue by a cytokine (rmGM-CSF) or an immunomodulator (dextran sulfate) increased the effect of hypoxic radioprotection, while elimination of proliferative cells by hydroxyurea decreased the radioprotective effect. Adaptation of experimental animals to hypoxic conditions was found to reduce the radioprotective effect without influencing tissue partial oxygen pressure lowered by hypoxic conditions. Conclusion: The data presented confirm the radioprotective effect of 10% and 8% O 2 respiratory hypoxia on hemopoiesis. These findings may represent a way out for further experimental and clinical research aimed at considering differential protection of various tissues by hypoxia. (orig.) [de

Radioprotective action of 3-(imidazoline-2-alkyl)-5-methoxyindoles

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bitny-Szlachto, S.; Kwiek, S.; Piotrowska, H.; Serafin, B.; Wejroch-Matacz, K.

1977-01-01

Radioprotective action in mice of four 3-(imidazoline-2'-alkyl)-5-methoxyindoles was examined and compared with that of 3-(2'-aminoethyl)-5-hydroxyindole (serotonine). The imidazoline-2-methyl derivatives (S 3 , S 4 ), applied in doses of 50 μmole/kg 10 min prior to irrdiation were found to reduce mortality of mice with LD 50 DRF of 1.14-1.15, while serotonine displayed DRF of 1.45. The imidazoline-2-ethyl derivatives (S 7 , S 8 ) have turned out to be ineffective. (author)

Raman lidars for a better understanding of pollution in the Arctic System (PARCS)

Science.gov (United States)

Patrick, Chazette; Jean-Christophe, Raut; Julien, Totems; Xiaoxia, Shang; Christophe, Caudoux; Julien, Delanoë; Kathy, Law

2018-04-01

The development of oil and gas drilling and the opening of new shipping routes, in the Barents and Norway seas, poses new challenges for the Arctic environment due to the impact of air pollution emissions on climate and air quality. To improve our knowledge of the interactions between aerosols, water vapor and cloud cover, within the French PARCS (Pollution in the ARCtic System) project, Raman lidar observations were performed from the ground and from an ultra-light aircraft near the North Cape in northern Norway, and coupled with measurements from a 95 GHz ground-based Doppler radar.

A radioprotective effect of imatinib (Gleevec registered) in human squamous carcinoma cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bartkowiak, D.; Hipp, P.R.; Roettinger, E.M.; Mendonca, M.S.

2007-01-01

Purpose: To study the radiation response-modifying effect of imatinib (Gleevec registered ) in a squamous cell carcinoma line, PECA. Patients and Methods: Cytotoxicity was determined by colony forming and multiplying capacity. Drug stability was shown by HPLC. Multidrug resistance phenotype was studied by rhodamine-123 efflux. Cell-cycle responses were measured by flow cytometry. Homologous recombination repair was determined by Rad51 immunohistochemistry. Results: Inactivating 50% of the PECA cells required approximately 7 μM imatinib. The drug did not decay nor was it degraded during test periods. Drug efflux occurred only to a minor extent. Multiplying capacity but not survival fractions revealed a radioprotective effect of imatinib. There were only minor cell-cycle alterations in the presence of imatinib but the rate of Rad51-positive repair foci was significantly increased. Conclusion: PECA cells apparently lack a highly specific target for imatinib. In cells surviving at high drug concentrations, imatinib may exert a radioprotective effect on multiplying capacity by inducing DNA repair. Under prolonged exposure, drug-resistant cells may show an accelerated recovery from acute or delayed radiation damage. (orig.)

Le quartier épiscopal, campagne 2010, Byllis (Albanie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicolas Beaudry

2011-09-01

Full Text Available La douzième campagne sur le site de Byllis a occupé deux semaines, du 16 au 30 mai 2010. Rappelons que ces travaux s’effectuent sous l’égide de l’ÉfA et du MAE, qui les financent à parité, avec un apport aujourd’hui presque équivalent du Fond québécois pour la recherche scientifique et culturelle et de l’université du Québec à Rimouski, en collaboration avec l’Institut archéologique de Tirana et le Parc archéologique de Byllis .La mission de 2010 avait pourseul objectif de terminer la fouille...

Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice Confers Delayed Radioprotection at Cellular and Tissue Levels: Inducible Heat Shock Proteins as Endogenous Radioprotectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Malytina, Y. V.; Sements, T. N.; Semina, O. V.; Mosin, A. F.; Kabakov, A.

2004-01-01

It was previously shown on heat shock protein (Hsp)-over expressing cell lines that the increased intracellular content of Hsp 70 or Hsp27 is associated with the elevated radioresistance. However, it was so far unknown whether the in vivo Fsp induction by stressful preconditioning can confer radioprotection at the tissue and cellular levels. In the present study, we examined how the in vivo up-regulation of the Hsp expression in response to mild whole body hyperthermia (42 degrees C, 10 min) in mice changes susceptibility of their bone marrow stem cells and thymocytes to subsequent gamma-irradiation. to assess the expectable contribution of stress-inducible Hsp we used injections with Quercetin, a flavonoid inhibiting the stress-responsive Hsp induction. The results demonstrate that the bone marrow stem cells and thymocytes from heat-preconditioned mice were more radioresistant than those from the non-preconditioned animals. the radioprotection was well manifested if mice or their isolated thymocytes were irradiated 18-25 h after the in vivo hyperthermia. This delayed radioprotection resulting from the heat preconditioning was suppressed in Quercetin-injected mice. The revealed correlation between the intracellular Hsp accumulation and the acquired Quercetin-sensitive radioprotection suggests a beneficial role of Hsps as of endogenous radioprotectors. Our finding discovers new ways for artificial modulation of effects of irradiation on target cells via manipulating the Hsp expression. (Author) 17 refs

Radioprotective properties of certain nitrogenous compounds heterocyclic on the serum proteins of irradiated mice; Proprietes radioprotectrices de certains heterocycles azotes sur les proteines seriques de souris irradiees

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pierotti, T; Roushdy, H; Polverelli, M; Mazza, M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Grenoble (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1969-07-01

The results obtained from this study suggest the following: the concentration of total serum proteins in mice is very little changed during all the treatments carried out, while protein fractions showed significant alterations. The concentrations of various serum proteins remain almost constant under normal conditions. Intraperitoneal administration of imidazole or benzimidazole at the mentioned doses induces rapid quantitative changes in the serum which are recovered in about 3 days Whole-body X-irradiation at 750 roentgens creates slow but progressive and persisting serious changes in a concentration of serum protein fractions which end by death of animals at the 8 - 10. day after irradiation. Whole-body X-irradiation of imidazole or benzimidazole protected animals results in quantitative rapid changes in concentration of serum protein fractions, for about four days after which a slow but steady restoration begins. The concentration approaches the normal levels towards the 10. day after irradiation. Imidazole and benzimidazole were proved to be good radio-protectants against the effects of radiation on serum protein fractions. Benzimidazole seems to surpass imidazole. (authors) [French] L'action radioprotectrice de l'imidazole et du benzimidazole a ete mise en evidence dans des travaux anterieurs. Dans ce travail cette action est etudiee au niveau des proteines seriques de souris irradiees. Les resultats obtenus sont les suivants: pas de variation notable de la concentration des proteines totales quel que soit le traitement applique, mais variations importantes de chaque fraction proteinique. Apres injection intraperitoneale des radioprotecteurs on assiste a de brusques variations de la concentration des proteines du serum, variations qui s'estompent trois jours apres l'injection. L'irradiation in toto a 750 roentgens entraine aussi de profonds changements de concentration des proteines du serum que l'on observe du jour de l'irradiation jusqu'a la mort des

Radioprotective Effect of Moderate Wine Consumption in Patients With Breast Carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morganti, Alessio G.; Digesu, Cinzia; Panunzi, Simona; De Gaetano, Andrea; Macchia, Gabriella; Deodato, Francesco; Cece, M. Grazia; Cirocco, Massimo; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto; Iacoviello, Licia; Valentini, Vincenzo; Cellini, Numa; Gaetano, Giovanni de

2009-01-01

Purpose: Given the high cost and side effects of radioprotective agents such as amifostine, attention has been focused on potentially equally effective but less expensive and toxic natural substances. We evaluated the potential radioprotective effects of wine in preventing skin toxicity in patients with breast cancer. Methods and Materials: Before treatment, the medical history and habits of patients were assessed and the information recorded in their clinical folders. Patients were divided into three groups based on the dose/fractionation scheme used: control group, 60.4 Gy (standard technique); Modulated Accelerated Radiotherapy in Adjuvant treatment of breast cancer (MARA)-1 protocol group, 44 Gy (concomitant boost to tumoral bed); and MARA-2 protocol group, 60 Gy (concomitant boost to tumoral bed). The impact of the following variables on acute skin toxicity was evaluated by chart review: radiotherapy protocol, planning target volume (PTV), comorbidity (e.g., hypertension and diabetes), hemoglobin level before therapy, adjuvant hormone therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, cigarette smoking, and drinking habits. Results: The study population consisted of 348 patients. More severe skin toxicity was significantly associated with the radiotherapy protocol (p < 0.001) and median PTV (p = 0.005). In addition, the incidence of acute toxicity of Grade 2 or greater was higher in patients without alcohol intake (38.4% vs. 22.3%, p = 0.021). The daily amount of alcohol intake also influenced the incidence of skin toxicity, with an incidence of 38.4% in patients with no wine intake, 31.8% in patients drinking half a glass per day, 13.6% in patients drinking one glass per day, and 35.0% in patients drinking two glasses per day. Multivariate analysis showed that wine intake, PTV, and radiotherapy protocol were all significantly correlated with acute toxicity. Conclusions: Our results indicate that wine may have a radioprotective effect; however, prospective studies are needed to

Qualification and certification in radioprotection of odontology students in the State of Rio de Janeiro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilha Filho, Lucas Gomes; Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ; Borges, Jose Carlos

2000-01-01

The main aim of this study was to conduct a critical survey on the qualification and certification in radioprotection of odontology students from all dental schools in the State of Rio de Janeiro and some dental schools in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The methodology involved the use of questionnaires applied to radiology professors and supervisors and former students. The questionnaires consisted of open and closed questions, which allowed an analysis of both qualitative and quantitative aspects. A critical analysis of the answers revealed that the students' knowledge of radioprotection is very poor, particularly with regard to the new guidelines of the Brazilian Ministry for Health. Consequently, we suggest that dental schools should reform the contents of radiology teaching, thus permitting upcoming students to be better prepared for the challenge of professional quality. (author)

Architectural colour at Stowe; recent discoveries by the National Trust Les couleurs du château de Stowe. Découvertes récentes du National Trust

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tim Knox

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Cette intervention présentera les découvertes récentes faites sur l’emploi de la couleur dans les châteaux appartenant au National Trust en Angleterre. Qu’il s’agisse de l’usage délicat de la technique de peinture « faux-bois » sur les montants des fenêtres de Lyme Park dans le Cheshire (vers 1730 ou des dorures des fenêtres à guillotine de Kedleston Hall dans le Derbyshire (1765, les châteaux de nos ancêtres étaient souvent peints et colorés d’une façon étonnement riche et raffinée. Dans le cas de Stowe dans le Buckinghamshire, on a utilisé une chaux de couleur miel pour recouvrir les murs de la maison principale et des nombreux temples du parc afin de faire disparaître les matériaux disparates qui composaient les murs ; c’était un moyen d’imiter la précieuse pierre taillée de Portland. En outre, dans le jardin, la superbe porte bleu de Prusse du temple de la Concorde et de la Victoire, avec ses dorures inattendues, illustre l’intensité et l’effet spectaculaire de l’utilisation de la couleur dans l’architecture du xviiie siècle.This paper will present recent discoveries made in the employment of colour in the castles managed by the National Trust in England. The castles of our ancestors were painted and coloured in a way that was rich and refined: i.e. the delicate use of the painting technique, faux-bois, on the uprights of the window frames of Lyme Park in Cheshire (c. 1730 or the gildings of the sash windows of Kedleston Hall in Derbyshire (1765. In the case of Stowe in Buckinghamshire, we used a honey-coloured limewash for the walls of the principal house and the many temples of the park to restore the uniformity of colouration and as a way to imitate the precious Portland stone carving. As well, in the garden, the superb Prussian-blue doors of the Temple of Concord and Victory, with their unexpected gilding, illustrates the intensity and the spectacular effect of the use of colour in the

Validation of the U.S. NRC coupled code system TRITON/TRACE/PARCS with the special power excursion reactor test III (SPERT III)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, R. C.; Xu, Y.; Downar, T. [Dept. of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 (United States); Hudson, N. [RES Div., U.S. NRC, Rockville, MD (United States)

2012-07-01

The Special Power Excursion Reactor Test III (SPERT III) was a series of reactivity insertion experiments conducted in the 1950's. This paper describes the validation of the U.S. NRC Coupled Code system TRITON/PARCS/TRACE to simulate reactivity insertion accidents (RIA) by using several of the SPERT III tests. The work here used the SPERT III E-core configuration tests in which the RIA was initiated by ejecting a control rod. The resulting super-prompt reactivity excursion and negative reactivity feedback produced the familiar bell shaped power increase and decrease. The energy deposition during such a power peak has important safety consequences and provides validation basis for core coupled multi-physics codes. The transients of five separate tests are used to benchmark the PARCS/TRACE coupled code. The models were thoroughly validated using the original experiment documentation. (authors)

Curcumin and trans-resveratrol exert cell cycle-dependent radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects as elucidated by the PCC and G2-assay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sebastià, N., E-mail: natividad.sebastia@uv.es [Radiation Protection Service, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Montoro, A. [Radiation Protection Service, Universitary and Politechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen GIBI230, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Endocrinología, Nutrición y Dietética Clínica, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Hervás, D. [Biostatistics Unit, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Pantelias, G.; Hatzi, V.I. [Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy and Safety, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, Athens (Greece); Soriano, J.M. [Grupo de Investigación Biomédica en Imagen GIBI230, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Endocrinología, Nutrición y Dietética Clínica, IIS La Fe, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia (Spain); Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia (Spain); Villaescusa, J.I. [Radiation Protection Service, Universitary and Politechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia (Spain); and others

2014-08-15

Highlights: • Curcumin and trans-resveratrol can exert radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects. • The mechanisms underlying such dual action were elucidated using the PCC and G2-assay. • Radioprotection occurs in non-cycling cells exposed to curcumin and resveratrol. • Radiosensitization occurs in cycling cells exposed to the chemicals. • G2-checkpoint abrogation by the chemicals underlies the radiosensitizing mechanism. - Abstract: Curcumin and trans-resveratrol are well-known antioxidant polyphenols with radiomodulatory properties, radioprotecting non-cancerous cells while radiosensitizing tumor cells. This dual action may be the result of their radical scavenging properties and their effects on cell-cycle checkpoints that are activated in response to radiation-induced chromosomal damage. It could be also caused by their effect on regulatory pathways with impact on detoxification enzymes, the up-regulation of endogenous protective systems, and cell-cycle-dependent processes of DNA damage. This work aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the dual action of these polyphenols and investigates under which conditions they exhibit radioprotecting or radiosensitizing properties. The peripheral blood lymphocyte test system was used, applying concentrations ranging from 1.4 to 140 μM curcumin and 2.2 to 220 μM trans-resveratrol. The experimental design focuses first on their radioprotective effects in non-cycling lymphocytes, as uniquely visualized using cell fusion-mediated premature chromosome condensation, excluding, thus, cell-cycle interference to repair processes and activation of checkpoints. Second, the radiosensitizing potential of these chemicals on the induction of chromatid breaks in cultured lymphocytes following G2-phase irradiation was evaluated by a standardized G2-chromosomal radiosensitivity predictive assay. This assay uses caffeine for G2-checkpoint abrogation and it was applied to obtain an internal control for radiosensitivity

Curcumin and trans-resveratrol exert cell cycle-dependent radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects as elucidated by the PCC and G2-assay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sebastià, N.; Montoro, A.; Hervás, D.; Pantelias, G.; Hatzi, V.I.; Soriano, J.M.; Villaescusa, J.I.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Curcumin and trans-resveratrol can exert radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects. • The mechanisms underlying such dual action were elucidated using the PCC and G2-assay. • Radioprotection occurs in non-cycling cells exposed to curcumin and resveratrol. • Radiosensitization occurs in cycling cells exposed to the chemicals. • G2-checkpoint abrogation by the chemicals underlies the radiosensitizing mechanism. - Abstract: Curcumin and trans-resveratrol are well-known antioxidant polyphenols with radiomodulatory properties, radioprotecting non-cancerous cells while radiosensitizing tumor cells. This dual action may be the result of their radical scavenging properties and their effects on cell-cycle checkpoints that are activated in response to radiation-induced chromosomal damage. It could be also caused by their effect on regulatory pathways with impact on detoxification enzymes, the up-regulation of endogenous protective systems, and cell-cycle-dependent processes of DNA damage. This work aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the dual action of these polyphenols and investigates under which conditions they exhibit radioprotecting or radiosensitizing properties. The peripheral blood lymphocyte test system was used, applying concentrations ranging from 1.4 to 140 μM curcumin and 2.2 to 220 μM trans-resveratrol. The experimental design focuses first on their radioprotective effects in non-cycling lymphocytes, as uniquely visualized using cell fusion-mediated premature chromosome condensation, excluding, thus, cell-cycle interference to repair processes and activation of checkpoints. Second, the radiosensitizing potential of these chemicals on the induction of chromatid breaks in cultured lymphocytes following G2-phase irradiation was evaluated by a standardized G2-chromosomal radiosensitivity predictive assay. This assay uses caffeine for G2-checkpoint abrogation and it was applied to obtain an internal control for radiosensitivity

Radioprotective effects of ascorbic acid in barley seeds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conger, B V

1975-01-01

Experiments were conducted to test the radioprotective effects of a naturally occurring reducing agent, ascorbic acid, on seeds (caryopses) of barley, Hordeum vulgare L. emend Lam. Seeds were soaked either before or after ..gamma.. or fission neutron irradiation in distilled water or ascorbic acid solutions ranging in concentration from 0.01 to 1.00 M. Results are reported as percentage germination, seedling height, seedling growth reduction, and (in one experiment) percent of cells with chromosome aberrations. As evidenced by both reduced germination and seedling growth, ascorbic acid was toxic when seeds were soaked for 1 hr at ambient temperature prior to irradiation and then planted immediately. When seeds were soaked in ascorbic acid before irradiation and soaked after irradiation in air-bubbled water at 0/sup 0/C for 18 hr, the toxicity disappeared, and a protective effect (which increased with increasing ascorbic acid concentration) was observed for ..gamma.. and, to a lesser extent, for neutron irradiation. Additional studies suggested that the protective effect was related to reduced hydration of the embryos of seeds soaked in ascorbic acid. Also, no radioprotective effect was observed when seeds were presoaked for 2 or 16 hr in 0.01 M ascorbic acid solutions buffered at pH 3 or pH 7. A protective effect was observed for seeds of 1.5 percent water content soaked after irradiation in an oxygen-bubbled ascorbic acid solution of 0.5 M but was not observed for seeds soaked in nitrogen-bubbled ascorbic acid. The protective effect against oxygen-dependent damage may be a result of interaction of ascorbic acid with radiation-induced free radicals.

Antioxidant and radioprotective effect of the active fraction of Pilea microphylla (L.) ethanolic extract.

Science.gov (United States)

Prabhakar, K R; Veerapur, V P; Bansal, Punit; Parihar, Vipan Kumar; Reddy Kandadi, Machendar; Bhagath Kumar, P; Priyadarsini, K I; Unnikrishnan, M K

2007-01-05

The ethanolic extract of Pilea microphylla (L.) was defatted, successively fractionated with acetone and the residue so obtained was found to be most potent when subjected to detailed free radical scavenging and in vivo radioprotection studies. The most active fraction reacts with free radicals, such as DPPH (50 microM), ABTS(.)(-) (100 microM) and (.)OH (generated by Fenton reaction) with IC(50) value of 23.15 microg/ml, 3.0 microg/ml and 310 microg/ml, respectively. The most active fraction inhibited iron-induced lipid peroxidation in phosphatidyl choline liposomes with an IC(50) of 13.74 microg/ml. The kinetics of scavenging of DPPH and ABTS(.)(-) radicals were followed at different concentrations of the fraction by employing stopped-flow studies. The observed first order decay rate constants at 200 microg/ml and 50 microg/ml of fraction with DPPH (50 microM) and ABTS(.)(-) (50 microM) were found to be 0.4s(-1) and 2.1s(-1), respectively. The fraction when screened for in vivo radioprotection in Swiss albino mice showed 80% protection at a dose of 900 mg/kg and with a DRF of about 1.12. The fraction was also found to protect livers of irradiated mice from depletion of endogenous antioxidant enzymes like glutathione, GST, SOD, catalase and thiols. The fraction also protected the villi height, increased the number of crypt cells while offering general protection to the intestine from acute radiation effects. The fraction also protected the hematopoietic system as assessed by endogenous spleen colony assay, contributing to the overall radioprotective ability.

Impact de l'activité anthropique sur la dégradation de l ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mots clés : El Kala - IPO - Diagramme de Piper - Impact anthropique – Piézométrie. Abstract ..... quelques recommandations afin de participer à la protection du parc ... hydrochimique de quelques hydro systèmes de la Numidie. (Régions d'El ...

Formulation of EPICS record naming conventions in J-PARC linac and RCS. Build process of unique and standardized name

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fukuta, Shinpei; Kawase, Masato; Kikuzawa, Nobuhiro; Watanabe, Kazuhiko; Sakaki, Hironao; Takahashi, Hiroki

2011-02-01

J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) accelerator devices are controlled by the use of the software called EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System). The unique name called an EPICS record is given to a control signal and data acquisition, Accelerator device control is achieved using the EPICS record. The requirement for the EPICS record name is 2 points; (1) no overlap of the EPICS record name, (2) the control contents can be easily imagined from the EPICS record name. To manage the EPICS record using relational database for the information management of the accelerator device in J-PARC, the naming structure is required so that a mechanical process can be performed easily. It was necessary to standardize the EPICS record name and the EPICS record structure to achieve these requirements. Therefore, we have formulated a guideline called 'EPICS record naming conventions' to decide to an EPICS record name uniquely and standardization. The abbreviated key word list of the accelerator devices and the control signal that compose the EPICS record name is appended to the EPICS record naming conventions. (author)

Réflexion sur l’origine du processus de segmentation du marche du travail

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Attia Nicole

2006-01-01

Full Text Available (francuski Ce travail propose une réflexion sur l'origine du processus de segmentation du marché du travail par rapport à l'entreprise. Se situe-t-elle au sein même de l'entreprise ou en amont, c'est à dire entre les entreprises? Cela revient à se demander si on peut avoir une approche microéconomique ou macroéconomique de la segmentation et, à s'interroger sur le rôle réel tenu par les firmes dans le processus. Déterminant pour la théorie, ce rôle est à repenser selon la réponse apportée à notre question.

Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in mice exposed to therapeutic dose of radioiodine

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bhartiya, Uma S.; Raut, Yogita S.; Joseph, Lebana J.; Hawaldar, Rohini W.; Rao, Badanidiyoor S.

2008-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract (40 mg/kg body weight) and vitamin E (α - tocopherol acetate, 400 IU/kg body weight) supplementation on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and antioxidant defense enzymes in various organs like liver, kidney and salivary glands at 24 h in adult Swiss mice. 131 Iodine exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation in kidney and salivary glands in comparison to control animals. Pre supplementation with turmeric extract for 15 days showed significant lowering of lipid peroxidation in kidney. On the other hand vitamin E pre supplementation showed marked reduction in lipid peroxidation in salivary glands. Reduced glutathione levels decreased significantly in liver after radiation exposure. However, pre supplementation with turmeric extract and vitamin E did not improve glutathione levels in liver. In conclusion we have observed differential radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in kidney and salivary glands. However, Vitamin E seems to offer better radioprotection for salivary glands which is known to be the major site of cellular destruction after radioiodine therapy in patients. (author)

Effect of some drugs on radioprotective effectiveness, toxicity and distribution of 35S-Aminopropyl-aminoethyl-thiophosphate orally administered to mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grechka, I.I.; Belavina, L.P.; Kalistpatov, G.V.; Zherebchenko, P.G.

1979-01-01

Studied was the influence of adreno- adn cholinolytics and cholinomimetic substances on radioprotective effectiveness and toxicity of aminopropyl-aminoehtyl-thiophosphate (APAETP) and distribution thereof among organs after oral and intraperitoneal administration. Atropine and INPEA decrease the toxicity and radioprotectiVe efficiency of APAETP when administered orally and do not influence these properties after intraperitoneal in ection. Deposition of the labelled radioprotector within the organs after oral administration is also indicative that atropine and INPEA can delay the transfer of APAETP from the stomach to the intenstine

Study and realisation of a microdosimetric detector intended to radioprotection measurement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tinelli, P.

1986-11-01

This work concerns the realisation of a tissue equivalent proportional counter. The detector, which is sensitive to neutron and gamma radiations is intended to measure dose equivalent for radioprotection use. The microdosimetric analysis of the pulses allows us to calculate the absorbed dose and the quality factor, it is possible to discriminate the two kinds of particules. This work is a first step before making an electronical individual dosemeter [fr

Radioprotective Properties of Detoxified Lipid A from Salmonella minnesota R595

Science.gov (United States)

1986-01-01

irradiated animals treated with bacterial endotoxins. Am. J. Physiol. 191, 124-130 (1957). 3. M. PARANT, Effect of LPS on nonspecific recistance to...Salmonella minnesota R595. Radiat. Res. 107, 107-114(1986). . in the past, the toxicity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or its principal bioactive...contained significantly less CSA than those receiving either GLY or LAD. DISCUSSION The radioprotective effect of bacterial endotoxins has been known for over

Dans quelle mesure l’athéisme est-il inacceptable pour l’auteur du Theophrastus redivivus et pour Spinoza ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicole Gengoux

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Un problème posé par le Theophrastus redivivus, traité anonyme achevé en 1659, matérialiste et athée (au sens actuel du terme, est que l’auteur tout en critiquant radicalement la croyance en dieu, affirme qu’il faut chasser l’athéisme de la cité. Son athéisme est pourtant « pensable » : non seulement le mot n’est pas anachronique pour le xviie siècle, comme le pensent de nombreux commentateurs, mais le traité lui-même fait la généalogie de la croyance tout en exposant un système de pensée cohérent qui se passe de dieu.Le rejet du terme « athéisme » est d’ordre moral et social car il désigne celui qui se laisse entraîner par ses instincts. L’auteur nous prévient, en quelque sorte, que ce n’est pas parce qu’il nie les dieux qu’il n’est pas respectueux des lois. Cependant, l’« inacceptabilité » du terme « athée » a aussi un sens plus profond : comment, en effet, concilier l’ordre social et l’absence d’un Bien et d’un Mal absolus ? Certes le traité propose une solution purement naturelle en fondant la morale sur l’amour de soi, mais comment le faire comprendre ? C’est peu « acceptable » au sens de « compréhensible ».Nous pouvons distinguer des degrés d’inacceptabilité : l’amoralisme théorique paraît plus inacceptable, encore, que l’affirmation de l’inexistence de dieu, parce qu’il risque d’entraîner la désobéissance civile : c’est cette dernière qui constitue l’inacceptable absolu, pour notre Anonyme comme pour les lecteurs. Une conséquence paradoxale est que la thèse de l’imposture des religions est peut-être, pour des raisons politiques, moins inacceptable que cet amoralisme et surtout que le constat par l’Anonyme de l’inefficacité totale des religions. Enfin, les choses pouvant être dites plus ou moins haut, l’acceptabilité suppose plus de complicité et d’hypocrisie de la part du lecteur que nous aurions tendance �

Hibernation for space travel: Impact on radioprotection

Science.gov (United States)

Cerri, Matteo; Tinganelli, Walter; Negrini, Matteo; Helm, Alexander; Scifoni, Emanuele; Tommasino, Francesco; Sioli, Maximiliano; Zoccoli, Antonio; Durante, Marco

2016-11-01

Hibernation is a state of reduced metabolic activity used by some animals to survive in harsh environmental conditions. The idea of exploiting hibernation for space exploration has been proposed many years ago, but in recent years it is becoming more realistic, thanks to the introduction of specific methods to induce hibernation-like conditions (synthetic torpor) in non-hibernating animals. In addition to the expected advantages in long-term exploratory-class missions in terms of resource consumptions, aging, and psychology, hibernation may provide protection from cosmic radiation damage to the crew. Data from over half century ago in animal models suggest indeed that radiation effects are reduced during hibernation. We will review the mechanisms of increased radioprotection in hibernation, and discuss possible impact on human space exploration.

Interaction of cultured mammalian cells with WR-2721 and its thiol, WR-1065: implications for mechanisms of radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purdie, J.W.; Inhaber, E.R.; Schneider, H.; Labelle, J.L.

1983-01-01

An isothermal microcalorimeter was used to measure changes in heat flow when radioprotective drugs were added to cultured mammalian cells. The heat produced when WR-2721 was added continued for at least 90 min. WR-2721 was dephosphorylated by the cells to thiol (WR-1065) which oxidizes to disulphide. In the microcalorimeter, thiols give an immediate burst of heat due to this oxidation. A biological oxygen monitor revealed that WR-1065 and cysteamine rapidly consumed all the oxygen in culture medium. (10mM WR-1065 deoxygenated medium in 2 min.). Rapid consumption of oxygen by radioprotective thiols indicates that they will not co-exist with oxygen for long in cells. This has two important implications with respect to mechanisms of radioprotection: (1) oxygen in tissues will be consumed rapidly and could results in local hypoxia; and, (2) at modest doses of protective agents the thiol will be consumed in oxic cells and hence very little will be available for reactions such as hydrogen donation. The results indicate that anoxia is probably the principle mechanism of protection by aminothiols in mammals and aerated cells. (author)

Original Paper Performances comparées du HDL-cholestérol et du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

CT/HDL-C) et du HDL-Cholestérol est le meilleur prédicteur du SMet chez les adultes béninois. .... (Canada) et du. Ministère de la Santé du Bénin. Le consentement éclairé écrit a été obtenu de chaque participant avant leur recrutement dans.

Régionalisation du recrutement du personnel de santé au Burkina ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Régionalisation du recrutement du personnel de santé au Burkina Faso ... le ministère a adopté une politique de recrutement régionalisé de certaines catégories du ... de comprendre le contexte dans lequel une telle stratégie a été formulée, ...

2380-IJBCS-Article-Zinga Koumba Roland

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Inesfly™ 5 A IGR NG a été appliquée à l'extérieur des murs des cages des animaux du parc zoologique. Les sites de la forêt du Banco et l'Université Nangui Abrogoua étaient les sites témoins. Les résultats de ces analyses génétiques ont conclu à l'existence probable de flux génique entre les populations de glossines de ...

1984-IJBCS-Article-Mariso Tiebre

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

une espèce très régulière et agressive dans la zone où elle est plantée. A la périphérie du Parc National du. Banco, Hopea odorata présente un recouvrement moyen de 10,17%, une densité de 6 480 individus/ha constitués essentiellement de jeunes plants. Les résultats démontrent la capacité de cet arbre à se disperser ...

35 Typologie des eaux de surface du bassin du Sebou par multi ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

PR BOKO

2Service de protection de la qualité de l'eau, Agence du Bassin Hydraulique du ... pour montrer l'évolution de la qualité biologique des eaux de surface du ..... Biological Indicators of Freshwater Pollution and Environmental Management,.

Francis Jauréguiberry & Serge Proulx, Usages et enjeux des technologies de communication

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jean-Pierre Durand

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Ce petit ouvrage propose une très large revue de littérature sur les usages des technologies de l’information et de la communication. On peut dire que cet ouvrage est complet, en particulier parce qu’il couvre aussi la production intellectuelle du monde anglo-saxon. Il est très agréable à lire parce que les thèses y sont exposées clairement. C’est aussi un ouvrage qui reprend l’historique des usages des TIC et leurs analyses dans les sciences humaines. Le premier chapitre propose un cadrage t...

Caractérisation des sables et morphologie du fond du lac du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Une analyse sédimentologique et minéralogique réalisée sur un cycle hydrologique entre octobre 2004 et août 2005 a permis d\\'évaluer les charges solides en suspension et de caractériser les sédiments du lac du barrage de Taabo. La concentration moyenne en matières en suspension (12 mg.L-1) et la turbidité ...

Caractérisation des sables et morphologie du fond du lac du ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Administrateur

Une analyse sédimentologique et minéralogique réalisée sur un cycle hydrologique entre octobre 2004 et août 2005 a permis d'évaluer les charges solides en suspension et de caractériser les sédiments du lac du barrage de Taabo. La concentration moyenne en matières en suspension (12 mg.L-1) et la turbidité ...

Radioprotective effect of c-ski on rat skin fibroblast in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Xia; Li Ping; Zhang En; Liu Ping; Zhou Ping; Zhou Yuanguo

2006-01-01

Objective: To examine radioprotective effect of c-ski on rat skin fibroblast in vitro and explore its possible mechanism. Methods: The effect of soft X-ray irradiation at dose varied from 2 to 8 Gy on cell apoptosis in rat skin fibroblast were determined by flow cytometry with Annexin-V-FITC-PI labelling. The effect of c-ski gene transfection on cell apoptosis was evaluated after soft X-ray irradiation of 4 Gy. The protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 after c-ski gene transfection were measured with the Western blot method. Results: Soft X-ray irradiation increases cell apoptosis, and the increase is proportional to the irradiation dose. Apoptosis ratio increases with time since the irradiation, and reaches its peak at 36h after the irradiation, c-ski gene was observed to markedly decrease apoptosis index at 24 h after soft X-ray irradiation of 4 Gy compared to the control group, significant increase of the protein expression of Bcl-2 was observed. C-ski gene was found no significant effect on the protein expression of Bax. Conclusion: c-ski gene can decrease radiation sensitivity of skin fibroblast, promoting Bcl-2 protein expression is one of its possible mechanism for this radioprotective effects. (authors)

Radioprotection during the diagnostic use of X-ray in western Europe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

D'Agata, Philip.

1978-10-01

The speed-up of technical progress in the field of radiodiagnosis has led to a huge expansion of this technique. The number of acts per year per inhabitant is rising constantly in industrialised countries. The average population dose has already doubled natural irradiation in certain cases. Considering the established effects on carcinogenesis and heredity the need for restrictive measures can no longer be ignored. Exposed staff are safeguarded by international recommendations, largely incorporated into national legislations. The protection of patients against superfluous irradiations, while nevertheless essential, is still neglected. The means are not lacking and must certainly be developed, but above all employed properly. Medical irradiation can be limited to a considerable extent by checking the competence of X-ray source users, systematically using the possibities of the equipment in such a way as to reduce the doses delivered and keeping an irradiation book for patients. Everyone agrees that a 90% reduction of medical irradiation would in no way impair the quality of the examinations. The following points are developed particularly: institutional organisation of radioprotection; aims of radioprotection in the context of the diagnostic use of X-rays; present reference norms in radiodiagnosis; doses delivered during conventional radiodiagnostic examinations [fr

Herpetofauna, Parc National des Volcans, North Province, Republic of Rwanda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roelke, C. E.

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Herein is presented a list of the reptiles and anurans from the Parc National des Volcans (PNV(01°43’ S, 29°52’ W, an area in the west and north provinces of the Republic of Rwanda in the Albertine Riftregion of Africa. Fieldwork was conducted between two and six days per week from June through August2007 and 2008. We also conducted literature searches of all historical expeditions within the park for speciesrecords. Seventeen species of reptiles and anurans are recorded from the PNV. Nine of the species were anurans,distributed in five families: Arthroleptidae (3, Bufonidae (1, Hyperoliidae (3, Phrynobatrachidae (1, andPipidae (1. Eight species of reptiles were recorded from five families: Chamaeleonidae (1, Lacertidae (2,Scincidae (2, Colubridae (2, and Viperidae (1. Eight of the seventeen species found in the PNV are endemicto the Albertine Rift.

Radioactivity and radioprotection: the every day life in a nuclear installation. Press tour at CEA/GRENOBLE 18 november 1999

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1999-11-01

In the framework of the public information, this paper gives a general information on the radioactivity and the radioprotection at the CEA/Cadarache center. A first part is devoted to a presentation of the radioactivity with definitions and radiation effects on the human being and the environment. An other part presents the radioprotection activities and regulations. The last part deals with specific activities of the CEA/Cadarache: the CASCAD installations for spent fuels storage, the LECA Laboratory for the Examination of Active Fuels and a dismantling installation for big irradiated objects. Historical aspects of the CEA/Cadarache are also provided. (A.L.B.)

Engagez-vous, devenez délégué(e) du personnel du CERN

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Staff Association

2017-01-01

Dans notre ECHO N° 275, nous avons annoncé les élections à venir au Conseil du personnel du CERN. Dans le présent ECHO, nous vous informons du lancement du processus des élections qui débute par le dépôt des candidatures. Tous les titulaires, boursiers et associés, qui sont aussi membres de l’Association du personnel, peuvent s’engager et déposer leur candidature entre le 11 septembre à 08 h 00 et le 13 octobre 2017 à 17 h 00. N’hésitez plus, remplissez le formulaire de candidature, présentez-vous aux élections au Conseil du personnel afin de pouvoir représenter et défendre vos collègues du personnel du CERN. ÊTRE DÉLÉGUÉ(E), C’EST QUOI ? Poser la question à plusieurs d...

Influence of previous administration of trans-phenylcyclopropylamine on radioprotective and hypothermic effects of serotonin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Misustova, J.; Hosek, B.; Novak, L.; Kautska, J.

1978-01-01

The influence of a previous administration of trans-phenylcyclopropylamine (t-PCPA) on radioprotective and hypothermic effects of serotonin was studied in male mice of the H strain, which were given t-PCPA in the dose of 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally 2 or 7 hours before application of serotonin (40 mg/kg, i.p.). The time course of protection was studied for exposures to 800 and 900 R. The results have shown that a previous administration of t-PCPA does not alter the short-time protective effect of serotonin, but that it significantly prolongs the time course of protection. The administration of t-PCPA also affects the starting speed and the duration of the serotonin-induced hypothermic reaction. The established correlation between prolongation of the radioprotective and hypothermic effects of serotonin induced by previous application of t-PCPA supplements the results with the existence of mutual relationship between changes of the energetic exchange and radioresistance of the organism. (author)

The GnRH analogue triptorelin confers ovarian radio-protection to adult female rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Camats, N.; Garcia, F.; Parrilla, J.J.; Calaf, J.; Martin-Mateo, M.; Caldes, M. Garcia

2009-01-01

There is a controversy regarding the effects of the analogues of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in radiotherapy. This has led us to study the possible radio-protection of the ovarian function of a GnRH agonist analogue (GnRHa), triptorelin, in adult, female rats (Rattus norvegicus sp.). The effects of the X-irradiation on the oocytes of ovarian primordial follicles, with and without GnRHa treatment, were compared, directly in the female rats (F 0 ) with reproductive parameters, and in the somatic cells of the resulting foetuses (F 1 ) with cytogenetical parameters. In order to do this, the ovaries and uteri from 82 females were extracted for the reproductive analysis and 236 foetuses were obtained for cytogenetical analysis. The cytogenetical study was based on the data from 22,151 metaphases analysed. The cytogenetical parameters analysed to assess the existence of chromosomal instability were the number of aberrant metaphases (2234) and the number (2854) and type of structural chromosomal aberrations, including gaps and breaks. Concerning the reproductive analysis of the ovaries and the uteri, the parameters analysed were the number of corpora lutea, implantations, implantation losses and foetuses. Triptorelin confers radio-protection of the ovaries in front of chromosomal instability, which is different, with respect to the single and fractioned dose. The cytogenetical analysis shows a general decrease in most of the parameters of the triptorelin-treated groups, with respect to their controls, and some of these differences were considered to be statistically significant. The reproductive analysis indicates that there is also radio-protection by the agonist, although minor to the cytogenetical one. Only some of the analysed parameters show a statistically significant decrease in the triptorelin-treated groups.

The GnRH analogue triptorelin confers ovarian radio-protection to adult female rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Camats, N. [Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (I.B.B.), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain); Departament de Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain); Garcia, F. [Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (I.B.B.), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain); Parrilla, J.J. [Servicio de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia (Spain); Calaf, J. [Servei de Ginecologia i Obstetricia, Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona (Spain); Martin-Mateo, M. [Departament de Pediatria, d' Obstetricia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain); Caldes, M. Garcia, E-mail: Montserrat.Garcia.Caldes@uab.es [Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina (I.B.B.), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain); Departament de Biologia Cel.lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona (Spain)

2009-10-02

There is a controversy regarding the effects of the analogues of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in radiotherapy. This has led us to study the possible radio-protection of the ovarian function of a GnRH agonist analogue (GnRHa), triptorelin, in adult, female rats (Rattus norvegicus sp.). The effects of the X-irradiation on the oocytes of ovarian primordial follicles, with and without GnRHa treatment, were compared, directly in the female rats (F{sub 0}) with reproductive parameters, and in the somatic cells of the resulting foetuses (F{sub 1}) with cytogenetical parameters. In order to do this, the ovaries and uteri from 82 females were extracted for the reproductive analysis and 236 foetuses were obtained for cytogenetical analysis. The cytogenetical study was based on the data from 22,151 metaphases analysed. The cytogenetical parameters analysed to assess the existence of chromosomal instability were the number of aberrant metaphases (2234) and the number (2854) and type of structural chromosomal aberrations, including gaps and breaks. Concerning the reproductive analysis of the ovaries and the uteri, the parameters analysed were the number of corpora lutea, implantations, implantation losses and foetuses. Triptorelin confers radio-protection of the ovaries in front of chromosomal instability, which is different, with respect to the single and fractioned dose. The cytogenetical analysis shows a general decrease in most of the parameters of the triptorelin-treated groups, with respect to their controls, and some of these differences were considered to be statistically significant. The reproductive analysis indicates that there is also radio-protection by the agonist, although minor to the cytogenetical one. Only some of the analysed parameters show a statistically significant decrease in the triptorelin-treated groups.

The management of modifications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bernard, C.

1992-01-01

Description of the management methods of modifications at EDF. To maintain safety standards of the nuclear power station the 'Direction de l'Equipment' and the 'Direction du Parc en Exploitation' have jointly fixed the modalities of management for all modifications and recorded them in a 'Practical Guide'

Emittance measurements for optimum operation of the J-PARC RF-driven H{sup −} ion source

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ueno, A., E-mail: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp; Ohkoshi, K.; Ikegami, K.; Takagi, A.; Yamazaki, S.; Oguri, H. [J-PARC Center, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195 (Japan)

2015-04-08

In order to satisfy the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) second stage requirements of an H{sup −} ion beam of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of longer than 1month, the J-PARC cesiated RF-driven H{sup −} ion source was developed by using an internal-antenna developed at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS). The transverse emittances of the source were measured with various conditions to find out the optimum operation conditions minimizing the horizontal and vertical rms normalized emittances. The transverse emittances were most effectively reduced by operating the source with the plasma electrode temperature lower than 70°C. The optimum value of the cesium (Cs) density around the beam hole of the plasma electrode seems to be proportional to the plasma electrode temperature. The fine control of the Cs density is indispensable, since the emittances seem to increase proportionally to the excessiveness of the Cs density. Furthermore, the source should be operated with the Cs density beyond a threshold value, since the plasma meniscus shape and the ellipse parameters of the transverse emittances seem to be changed step-function-likely on the threshold Cs value.

Activity report for feasibility study on PKI authentication method with IC card in authentication system sub group of J-PARC information system group

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teshima, Naoya; Aoyagi, Tetsuo; Nakajima, Norihiro; Hashimoto, Kiyoharu; Manabe, Atsushi; Yuasa, Fukuko

2009-06-01

The Authentication System Sub Group of J-PARC Information System Group completed the mapping of the several authentication methods in terms of the level of security. Of the methods, the PKI authentication method with IC card provides the Super High Security Level and will be adopted as the authentication method of several J-PARC Information Systems. We study the feasibility of this method with following four examples; (1) 'The EAP-TLS wireless LAN authentication method'. (2) 'The Web-SSL client authentication method in SSL-VPN connection'. (3) 'The PKI authentication method with a certificate issued by NAREGI-CA software stored in IC card.' (4) 'The PKI authentication method with Dual interface FeliCa card'. In each example, we confirmed the feasibility of the method in a practical way. In this report we present the details of the study. (author)

Ecologie du phytoplancton du lac Kivu

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarmento, H.

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Speciation within the African Coffee Pathogen. Cet article analyse s'il est avantageux d'utiliser le compost au lieu de l'engrais minéral pour produire la laitue dans la zone urbaine et péri-urbaine de Yaoundé. Les résultats de terrain montrent l'obtention de rendements et profits plus élevés lorsqu'on utilise le compost. Les résultats de la fonction de production Cobb-Douglas prouvent que l'utilisation du compost est statistiquement significative pour expliquer la variation de rendement de la laitue et que le compost est l'intrant le plus productif. D'autres résultats montrent que le compost fournit la matière organique utile au sol et que les besoins d'irrigation en eau de la culture sont réduits grâce à l'utilisation du compost. Par conséquent, malgré le fait que l'application du compost demande une main-d'oeuvre beaucoup plus élevée, son utilisation est généralement bénéfique pour les agriculteurs vivant aux alentours de Yaoundé. Les programmes de vulgarisation de cet intrant pour encourager son adoption devraient donc figurer parmi les points prioritaires dans la politique agricole du gouvernement camerounais.

Evaluation of the Angra-2 nuclear power plant using a RELAP5-PARCS coupled model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reis, Patrícia A.L.; Hamers, Adolfo R.; Pereira, Claubia; Costa, Antonella L.; Veloso, Maria A.F.; Verdú, Gumersindo [Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia Nuclear; Miró, Rafael, E-mail: antonella@nuclear.ufmg.br, E-mail: dora@nuclear.ufmg.br, E-mail: rmiro@iqn.upv.es, E-mail: gverdu@iqn.upv.es [Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica y Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (Spain)

2017-07-01

Studies of complex transients in nuclear reactors have been improved by the use of thermal hydraulic (TH) and neutron kinetics (NK) coupled codes. This technique consists in incorporating three-dimensional (3D) neutron modeling of the reactor core into codes to possibility simulation of transients that involve asymmetric core spatial power distributions and strong feedback effects between neutronic and reactor thermal hydraulics. In this work, steady state results using the verified model of TH RELAP5 code and the NK PARCS code to predict the Angra 2 reactor behavior have been presented. (author)

The EPICS-based remote control system for muon beam line devices at J-PARC MUSE

Science.gov (United States)

Ito, T. U.; Nakahara, K.; Kawase, M.; Fujimori, H.; Kobayashi, Y.; Higemoto, W.; Miyake, Y.

2010-04-01

The remote control system for muon beam line devices of J-PARC MUSE has been developed with the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). The EPICS input/output controller was installed in standard Linux PCs for slow control of the devices. Power supplies for 21 magnetic elements and four slit controllers for the decay-surface muon beam line in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility are now accessible via Ethernet from a graphical user interface which has been composed using the Motif Editor and Display Manger.

Methodology for inspection parametrization of radioprotection at radioactive installations: a research agenda

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Filgueiras, Bruno Costa; Sauerbronn, Fernanda F.

2011-01-01

This paper establishes a research agenda based on documental and bibliographic research for radioprotection inspection parametrization at radioactive installations, which is one of the constitutional attributions of Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission. Such proposal, aiming to guarantee that the evaluation of normative requests of radiation protection generated a quantitative result, useful for various institutions in the safety and regulation areas, bringing relevant contribution for the sector

Evaluation of radioprotective activities Rhodiola imbricata Edgew--a high altitude plant.

Science.gov (United States)

Arora, Rajesh; Chawla, Raman; Sagar, Ravinder; Prasad, Jagdish; Singh, Surendar; Kumar, Raj; Sharma, Ashok; Singh, Shikha; Sharma, Rakesh Kumar

2005-05-01

The present study reports the radioprotective properties of a hydro-alcoholic rhizome extract of Rhodiola imbricata (code named REC-7004), a plant native to the high-altitude Himalayas. The radioprotective effect, along with its relevant superoxide ion scavenging, metal chelation, antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-hemolytic activities was evaluated under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Chemical analysis showed the presence of high content of polyphenolics (0.971 +/- 0.01 mg% of quercetin). Absorption spectra analysis revealed constituents that absorb in the range of 220-290 nm, while high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis confirmed the presence of four major peaks with retention times of 4.780, 5.767, 6.397 and 7.577 min. REC-7004 was found to lower lipid oxidation significantly (p degradation within first 24 h. The metal chelation activity of REC-7004 was found to increase concomitantly from 1 to 50 microg/ml. REC-7004 (10-50 microg/ml) exhibited significant metal chelation activity (p < 0.05), as compared to control, and maximum percentage inhibition (30%) of formation of iron-2,2'-bi-pyridyl complex was observed at 50 microg/ml, which correlated well with quercetin (34.9%), taken as standard. The reducing power of REC-7004 increased in a dose-dependent manner. The absorption unit value of REC-7004 was significantly lower (0.0183 +/- 0.0033) as compared to butylated hydroxy toluene, a standard antioxidant (0.230 +/- 0.091), confirming its high reducing ability. Superoxide ion scavenging ability of REC-7004 exhibited a dose-dependent increase (1-100 microg/ml) and was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of quercetin at lower concentrations (1-10 microg/ml), while at 100 microg/ml, both quercetin and REC-7004 scavenged over 90% superoxide anions. MTT assay in U87 cell line revealed an increase in percent survival of cells at doses between 25 and 125 microg/ml in case of drug + radiation group. In vivo evaluation of radio-protective

Further studies on selective radioprotection by organic zinc salts and synergism of zinc aspartate with WR 2721

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Floersheim, G.L.; Bieri, A.

1990-01-01

Protection of the haematocrit and thrombocytes by small doses of the aminothiol radioprotector WR 2721 was markedly improved by the concomitant administration of small doses of zinc aspartate. Zinc aspartate was the only one of the tested zinc salts not inhibiting the regression induced by radiotherapy of human tumours grown as xenografts in immunosuppressed mice. This also applied to zinc aspartate with WR 2721. A dose of zinc aspartate which afforded synergistic haematological protection did not enhance the toxicity of WR 2721. The synergism of zinc aspartate with WR 2721 and the differential radioprotection of the combined protocol may make it possible in clinical cancer radiotherapy to obtain selective radioprotection at a lower toxicity giving an improved therapeutic ratio compared with WR 2721 alone. (author)

Comparative radioprotective studies of chlorpromazine and cysteamine on rat bone development; Effect on serum and bone proteins

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abdeen, A M; Ibrahim, H A; Badawy, M; Elkholy, W M.E.

1986-01-01

Experiments were planned to study the radioprotective effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) and Cysteamine (Cys), when injected separately or combined before irradiation, on some factors affecting the development of rat bone. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (1) The body weight decreased due to gamma-irradiation. (2) The mortality rate increased after irradiation, but diminished by single or double chemical injection before irradiation. (3) The serum total protein; albumin, globulin contents and A/G ratio were significantly increased, 6 hrs. After irradiation, then declined afterwards. (4) Histochemically, a decrease in bone protein content was demonstrates after irradiation. The above irradiation effects were suppressed by injection of the radioprotective substances. Their effect seems to be cumulative. 4 fig.,3 tab.

Radioprotection in dentistry: Analysis of the Dentistry Faculties of the Rio de Janeiro State not referring at personnel and installations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilha F, L.G.; Borges, J.C.; Raymundo Junior, R.; Koch, H.A.

1998-01-01

The objective was to show the necessity and the importance of the training and formation of the dentist in radioprotection according to the recent proposal for technical regulations 'Radiological protection directrixes in Medical and Dentistry radiodiagnostic' of the Secretaria do Vigilancia Sanitaria of Ministerio da Saude (SVSMS). This regulation establishes basic standards to radioprotection in the medical and dentistry areas, including principles, limits, obligations and basic controls for the man and environment protection, versus possible improper effects caused by the use of ionizing radiation sources. An analysis of the discipline programs of the Dentistry Schools of Rio de Janeiro state indicates that they show a little or none preoccupation by the radiological protection, which was confirmed through a survey applied toward responsible professors by department or radiology service to the dentistry Schools. This work suggests the creation or adaptation of the existing disciplines introducing radioprotection and images quality in radiodiagnostic, to improve, complement and to make uniform the formation of future dentists optimizing the solution of the identified problems. (Author)

Radioprotection by dipyridamole in the aging mouse. Effects on lipid peroxidation in mouse liver, spleen and brain after whole-body X-ray irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seino, Noritaka

1995-01-01

To investigate the radioprotective effect of dipyridamole in the aging mouse, the lipid peroxide content in aging mouse liver, spleen and brain irradiated by X-ray were measured both before and after injection of dipyridamole. The lipid peroxide content increased with aging from 2 months old to 16 months old in the mouse liver, spleen and brain. The content of lipid peroxide in the liver and spleen of the aging mouse was significantly increased in 7 days after whole-body irradiation with 8 Gy, but was unchanged in the brain. Dipyridamole, given before irradiation, significantly inhibited the increase of lipid peroxide after irradiation. These results suggest that dipyridamole may have radioprotective effects on aging mouse liver and spleen as well as on young mouse, and that inhibition of lipid peroxidation is a possible factor in the radioprotective effect of dipyridamole. (author)

Fiche technique du spermogramme et du spermocytogramme ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

En Afrique la stérilité du couple constitue un drame social. Selon l'OMS, environ 8 à 12 % des couples africains sont touchés par une infertilité. La responsabilité masculine dans la stérilité est comprise entre 30 à 40%. Les causes de l'infertilité masculine peuvent être l'impuissance et/ ou l'altération du sperme. L'étude de ...

Radioprotective effectiveness of adeturone in monkey experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nikolov, I.; Pantev, T.; Rogozkin, P.; Chertkov, K.; Dikovenko, E.; Kosarenkov, V.

1976-01-01

The radioprotective effect of adeturone (adenosine triphsophate salt of AET) was tested on 28 monkeys (Macaca mulata). The animals were gamma-irradiated (cobalt 60) with a dose of 680 R (17,6 R/min, LDsub(100/18)). Adeturone was administered intravenously for 5 minutes, from 6 to 15 minutes before irradiation in a dose of 150 mg/kg (1/2 of thr maximal tolerable dose). It was found that adeturone administration before the absolute lethal irradiation will ensure survival of 50 % of the monkeys. Radiation sickness in protected animals runs a milder course as shown by the duration of the latency period, the manifestation of the hemorrhagic syndrome, the leukopenia and erythrocytes in the peripheral blood. Some symptoms do not appear at all (diarrhoea) or develop later(hyperthermia, hypodynamia). (A.B.)

In vitro analysis of radioprotective effect of monoterpenes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ken-ichi Kudo; Tadashi Hanafusa; Toshiro Ono

2017-01-01

Monoterpenes are naturally occurring hydrocarbons composed of two units of isoprenes. They exhibit antioxidant activity to scavenge reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals. We investigated the potential of monoterpenes such as thymol, linalool, and menthol to act as radioprotectants. The proliferation of EL4 cells, a mouse lymphoma cell line, treated with linalool at a concentration of 500 μM or more was not affected by X-ray irradiation. Plasmid-nicking assay performed using formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase showed that linalool prevented single strand breaks and oxidized purines on pUC19 plasmid DNA. These findings indicate that linalool has the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species and is a potential radioprotector. (author)

SUPERCONDUCTING COMBINED FUNCTION MAGNET SYSTEM FOR J-PARC NEUTRINO EXPERIMENT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

The J-PARC Neutrino Experiment, the construction of which starts in JFY 2004, will use a superconducting magnet system for its primary proton beam line. The system, which bends the 50 GeV 0.75 MW proton beam by about 80 degrees, consists of 28 superconducting combined function magnets. The magnets utilize single layer left/right asymmetric coils that generate a dipole field of 2.6 T and a quadrupole field of 18.6 T/m with the operation current of about 7.35 kA. The system also contains a few conduction cooled superconducting corrector magnets that serve as vertical and horizontal steering magnets. All the magnets are designed to provide a physical beam aperture of 130 mm in order to achieve a large beam acceptance. Extensive care is also required to achieve safe operation with the high power proton beam. The paper summarizes the system design as well as some safety analysis results

Double hypernuclei experiment with hybrid emulsion method at J-PARC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ekawa, Hiroyuki

2015-01-01

Double hypernuclei are important probes to study the system with strangeness S = -2. Several emulsion experiments had been performed to search for them. We are planning a new experiment to search for double hypernuclei at the K1.8 beam line in the Hadron Experimental Facility (J-PARC E07 experiment). Ξ"- tracks in the emulsion plates and SSD will be automatically connected by a hybrid method. The estimated Ξ"- stopped statistics is 10 times as high as that of the KEK E373 experiment. Discoveries of 10 new double hypernuclear species are expected, which enable us to discuss binding energy in terms of mass number dependence. On the other hand, we will also observe X rays from Ξ"- atoms with a germanium detector array installed close to the emulsion plates by tagging Ξ"- stopped events. This will be the first measurement to give information on the Ξ"- potential at the nuclear surface region. (author)

Genotoxic, radioprotective and radiosensitizing effect of curcumin and trans-resveratrol in vitro cultures of human lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fisher, V.A.; Tirsa Muñoz, B.; Sebastià, N.; Gómez-Cabrero, L.; La Parra, V.; Hervás, D.; Rodrigo, R.; Villaescusa, J.I.; Soriano, J.M.; Montoro, A.

2015-01-01

Curcumin and trans-resveratrol are natural polyphenol compounds. Curcumin is obtained from the rhizomes of the Curcumin plant (Curcuma longa), while trans-resveratrol is found in grapes, blackberries and other types of berry. These compounds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant and anticarcinogenic properties among others. In addition, they are also known for their radiomodulating properties since they are capable of providing radioprotection or radiosensitization for normal or tumours cells depending on different factors. This dual action may be the result of their properties, such as free radicals scavenging, as well as their influence on cell cycle checkpoints or control mechanisms. These are activated in response to the genetic damage induced by radiation. Despite the many beneficial properties attributed to these polyphenol compounds, some studies suggest that they are able to be genotoxic agents for some cellular lines. The results obtained indicate that both compounds possess a radioprotective effect on the lymphocytes of peripheral blood in the quiescent phase of the cellular cycle (G0). Nevertheless, they are capable of induce radiosensitivity on these type of cells in the growth phase (G2), and in addition, a different genotoxic effect can be seen according to the concentration of each compound. This study suggests, therefore, that curcumin and trans-resveratrol are able to exert a triple effect, genotoxic, radioprotective and radiosensitizing on in vitro cultures of human lymphocytes depending on the study parameters. [es

Assessment of the radioprotective effects of amifostine and melatonin on human lymphocytes irradiated with gamma-rays in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kopjar, N.; Miocic, S.; Ramic, S.; Milic, M.; Viculin, T.

2005-01-01

Radioprotective effects of amifostine and melatonin on human peripheral blood irradiated with g-rays were investigated using the micronucleus (MN) assay and the analysis of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). Duplicate blood samples were pre-treated with amifostine (7.7 mM), melatonin (2 mM) and their combination for 30 minutes. Negative controls were also included. After treatment with radioprotectors, one blood sample from each experimental group was exposed to g-rays from a 6 0C o source. The radiation dose absorbed was 2 Gy. Pre-treated irradiated blood samples showed a decrease in the total number of MN and in the number of cells with more than one MN. Moreover, they also showed significantly lower mean SCE values. Our results indicate that amifostine, melatonin and their combination in vitro have radioprotective effects on g-irradiated human peripheral blood lymphocytes, with no significant genotoxicity. Therefore, it may be reasonable to use them in combination, adjusting the doses of amifostine to achieve the best radioprotective effect with as few side effects as possible. Before employment, this combination should be extensively tested in vitro and in vivo, using the same and other biomarkers for different radiation dose and concentration ranges of both radioprotectors.(author)

Disseny d’un parc eòlic amb un sistema de producció d’hidrogen a través de l’electròlisi de l’aigua

OpenAIRE

Cucharero Mayol, Albert

2015-01-01

L’objectiu del projecte és realitzar un estudi de viabilitat per a la instal•lació d’un parc eòlic que emmagatzemi l’energia eòlica en forma d’hidrogen a la xarxa de gas natural. Quan no hi hagi demanda d’energia elèctrica, s’aprofitarà l’energia eòlica per poder produir hidrogen a partir de l’electròlisi de l’aigua. En el present projecte es realitzarà el disseny del parc i del sistema de producció d’hidrogen en la ubicació que es determinarà mitjançant el mapa eòlic i la xarxa de gas natura...

Information report presented, in application of article 146 of the regulation, by the commission of finances, of general economy and of the plan, about the Institute of radioprotection and nuclear safety; Rapport d'information depose en application de l'article 146 du reglement par la Commission des finances, de l'economie generale et du plan, sur l'Institut de radioprotection et de surete nucleaire

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2004-04-01

This report follows a control made at the French institute of radioprotection and nuclear safety (IRSN) in order to analyse how the budget allowed to this institute is used. The report presents successively: the main missions of the IRSN (competences, activities in the Paris region), the structure of incomes and expenses (the budget allowed by the Ministry of ecology and sustainable development), the difficulties encountered during the start-up of the institute (conditions of creation, budget regulation), the debate about the fiscal deficiency (fiscal regime applied and resulting difficulties), and the perspectives of evolution of the institute. The comments made by the commission after the presentation of the report are summarized in a last part. (J.S.)

Peach Bottom Cycle 2 Low Flow Stability Tests analysis using RELAP5/PARCS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, A.L.; Salah, A.B.; D'Auria, F.

2004-01-01

Nowadays, the coupled codes technique, which consists in incorporating threedimensional (3D) neutron modeling of the reactor core into system codes, is extensively used for simulating transients that involve core spatial asymmetric phenomena and strong feedback effects between core neutronics and reactor loop thermal-hydraulics. So, in this work, the coupled codes technique using RELAP5/3.3-PARCS is applied to simulate stability transients in a BWR (Boiling Water Reactor). Validation has been performed against Peach Bottom-2 Low-Flow Stability Tests. In these transients dynamically complex neutron kinetics coupling with thermal-hydraulics events take place in response to a core pressure perturbation. The calculated coupled code results are herein compared against the available experimental data. (author)

Session du Conseil du CERN : le ministre britannique, Robert Jackson, souligne l'intérêt de on pays pour l'avenir du CERN : décisions du Conseil pour la mise en oeuvre des recommandations du Comité d'évaluation du CERN: départ anticipé pour 200 membres au moins du personnel - mise à jour de la méthode de calcule pour les contributions des Etats Membres au budget

CERN Multimedia

CERN Press Office. Geneva

1988-01-01

Session du Conseil du CERN : le ministre britannique, Robert Jackson, souligne l'intérêt de on pays pour l'avenir du CERN : décisions du Conseil pour la mise en oeuvre des recommandations du Comité d'évaluation du CERN: départ anticipé pour 200 membres au moins du personnel - mise à jour de la méthode de calcule pour les contributions des Etats Membres au budget

Radioprotective effect of cysteamine entrapped in liposomes oraly administered to the Mouse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roman, Vincent; Bocquier, Francois; Leterrier, Francois; Fatome, Marc

1982-01-01

Cysteamine entrapped in liposomes was oraly delivered to Mice and its radioprotective effect observed as a function of the time elapsed between its administration and 60 Co gamma irradiation. A protection is manifest up to 3 hrs after administration. This result contrasts with the absence of protection afforded by cysteamine when oraly given as an aqueous solutions, and with the short lasting activity of its parenteral administration [fr

Les Champignons sauvages comestibles du Parc National Fazao ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Les champignons sauvages comestibles jouent un rôle important pour les populations d'Afrique tropicale. Ils servent de nourriture, de médicaments et de source de revenus. Pour évaluer leur pertinence socioéconomique au Togo et promouvoir leur exploitation durable, un inventaire a été réalisé à travers un ...

Composition floristique et dynamique du parc agroforestier à ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Analysis of satellite imagery and parklands' trees inventory, carried out and applied to the sites of Keur Samba Gueye and Santhie Rame, provided information on parklands' diversity of floristic composition and assessment of the density, structural characteristics and dynamics of C. pinnata trees. The ligneous flora of the ...

On the role played by direct protection of the haemopoietic system cells in radioprotective action of some biogenous amines on the animal organism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smirnova, I.B.; Dontsova, G.V.; Yanushevskaya, M.I.; Graevskij, E.Ya.

1975-01-01

It has been found in mice, by a method of splenic exocolonies, that: (1) serotonin, adrenaline and noradrenaline can protect both isolated bone marrow cells and cells in situ (2) a considerable contribution to a radioprotective action of the amines under study on the animal organism is made by their direct protective effect on cells, (3) with serotonin and adrenaline, ''cell'' protection in the organism is added by a radioprotective action of tissue hypoxia caused by these amines

Development of Functional Foods and Advanced Technology for Radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jo, Sung Kee; Byun, Myung Woo; Kim, Jin Kyu

2003-05-01

We have previously developed two medicinal herb mixtures that protects immune/hematopoietic system and self-renewal tissues against irradiation and enhances immune/hematopoietic functions. In this study, we have developed two pilot products by adding the effective fractions to the hot water extract of the herb mixtures and investigated their efficacy. In irradiated mice, pilot products protected hematopoietic stem cells, promoted the regeneration and activation of immune cells, normalized the unbalanced immune reaction, and inhibited the growth of cancer cells. Polysaccharide was active fraction and mechanisms were elucidated. The products also protected the stem cells in self-renewal tissues. DNA/membrane damages, apoptotic cell signals, chromosome/DNA alterations, and oxidation of protein/lipid were inhibited by pilot products, and their radical scavenging activities were observed. Five active components were isolated and identified. Pilot products also inhibited the cancer development by 30% in irradiated mice. In clinical investigation, pilot products inhibited the side-effects of cancer therapy including immune/hematopoietic depression. Therefore, the pilot products may be used as functional foods for overcoming of immune/hematopoietic depression and self-renewal tissue damages induced by irradiation, as well as for the immune/hematopoietic enhancement. Also we have screened food materials for inhibition of radiation-induced chronic damage (carcinogenesis), and selected effective 4 materials and elicited two mixture preparations with enhanced activity, and confirmed their inhibitory activities in cancer initiation model systems. To obtain the applicability of radiation technology for the safe sanitation and distribution of functional food materials, we verified the toxicological safety, stability of activity and active components of irradiated medicinal herbs. Also, screening of new radioprotective materials and basic biological research for the enhancement of

Natural radioprotection of cells. Radiochemical, biochemical and clinical aspects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Revesz, L.

1982-01-01

Recent investigations on natural radioprotection are reviewed, carried out with human fibroblast strains and lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from individuals heterozygous or homozygous with regard to an inborn error in glutathione synthetase activity. The cells have a decreased content of non-protein bound sulphydryls and lack specifically glutathione either almost totally, or have a glutathione level about fifty per cent of the normal. Using single-strand DNA breaks as the end-point of the radiation effect, oxygen and misonidazole fail to enhance the radiosensitivity of cells deficient in glutathione, and OER and DMF close to unity are calculated. Substitution of glutathione deficiency by treatment with different radioprotective aminothiols decreases the sensitivity of the cells, and makes them susceptible to the oxygen effect. In glutathione deficient cells, rejoining of the single strand breaks proceeds at a normal rate after anoxic radiation exposure, but is inhibited after oxic exposure. Using clonogenic survival as the end-point for the radiation effect, sensitization of glutathione deficient cells is again greatly decreased, but OER and DMF differ significantly from unity. The data were interpreted to indicate that endogenous glutathione or some exogenous aminothiols repair radiation induced radicals in key target molecules by hydrogen transfer in a competition with oxygen and/or misonidazole which permanent the damage. The outcome of the radical reactions will be modified by further post-irradiation enzymatic repair processes of which at least one is glutathione dependent. For the appropriate clinical application of hypoxic cell sensitizers, the use of a ''vascularization index'', possibly determined by morphometric analysis of histological preparations, is suggested as a diagnostic parameter to characterize neoplasms besides current routine staging and grading of differentiation

Human rights assessment in Parc Jean Marie Vincent, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Science.gov (United States)

Cullen, Kimberly A; Ivers, Louise C

2010-12-15

Months after a 7.0 magnitude earthquake hit Port-au-Prince, Haiti, over one million remain homeless and living in spontaneous internally displaced person (IDP) camps. Billions of dollars from aid organizations and government agencies have been pledged toward the relief effort, yet many basic human needs, including food, shelter, and sanitation, continue to be unmet. The Sphere Project, "Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response," identifies the minimum standards to be attained in disaster response. From a human rights perspective and utilizing key indicators from the Sphere Project as benchmarks, this article reports on an assessment of the living conditions approximately 12 weeks after the earthquake in Parc Jean Marie Vincent, a spontaneous IDP camp in Port-au-Prince. A stratified random sample of households in the camp, proportionate to the number of families living in each sector, was selected. Interview questions were designed to serve as "key indicators" for the Sphere Project minimum standards. A total of 486 interviews were completed, representing approximately 5% of households in each of the five sectors of the camp. Our assessment identified the relative achievements and shortcomings in the provision of relief services in Parc Jean Marie Vincent. At the time of this survey, the Sphere Project minimum standards for access to health care and quantity of water per person per day were being met. Food, shelter, sanitation, and security were below minimum accepted standard and of major concern. The formal assessment reported here was completed by September 2010, and is necessarily limited to conditions in Haiti before the cholera outbreak in October. Copyright © 2010 Cullen and Ivers. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any

Fifth meeting of persons competent in radiation protection; Cinquiemes rencontres des personnes competentes en radioprotection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2007-07-01

During this meeting will successively be approached: the statutory frame, the practical guide for the realization of the dosimetry studies of work stations presenting a risk of exposure to ionizing radiations, a study of post in conventional and interventional radiology, study of post in interventional cardiology, the roles and the missions of the P.C.R. (person competent in radiation protection) in a subcontractor company in I.N.B. (base nuclear installation), the application of the zoning order for the activities of industrial radiography, the evolution of the statutory measures in protection of the workers against the dangers of ionizing radiations, all which concerns the P.C.R. (training, missions, certification, educational role), the controls of radioprotection, the external controls of radioprotection, the surveillance of working zones, surveillance of effluents,management of the radioactive waste and effluents, classification of the personnel and the surveillance of the exposure, dosimetry by radio photo luminescence, the systeme S.I.S.E.R.I.. (N.C.)

Mitas kaip kultūrų interpretacijų sankirta Cliffordo Geertzo antropologijoje | Le mythe comme un ensemble des interprétations des cultures dans l‘antropologie de Clifford Geertz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neringa Mikalauskienė

2007-01-01

Full Text Available La méthode que Clifford Geertz appelle, lui-même, «une description dense» [thick description] peut être nommée une interprétation inductive parce qu’ici on passe de différentes formes de la culture aux conclusions générales: on commence par une analyse minutieuse («microscopique» des moindres phénomènes et on finit par des interprétations et des définitions plus globales. Le mythe se trouve introduit dans «les moindres phénomènes» et, en même temps, il apparaît comme agissant dans les différentes sphères de la vie. Le mythe «s’eparpille» tant dans le langage quotidien, tant dans les normes réglant la vie sociale que dans la religion.Pour Geertz le mythe est un système de symboles qui forme des motivations constantes de la conduite humaine. Ce système révèle une conception d’être qui se manifeste dans le quotidien de la sorte que les motivations de la conduite se montrent réellement. L’analyse du mythe, d’après Geertz, est inséparable du celle du rite qui fait, à son tour, partie du drame rituel où la distance entre le spectateur et l’acteur est abolie. La nature humaine, entraînée dans la magie du théâtre rituel, se voit transformée, et les êtres humains sont ainsi inscrits dans la société.Le mythe est un fait culturel concret et il peut surgir dans de différents domaines de la vie. Il est possible donc de le traiter comme un moyen d’approche de toute la culture parce que celle-ci n’est qu’une totalité des systèmes convergents de significations: de la religion, de l’art, de l’idéologie, du droit ect.Le mythe est lu, tout d’abord, comme un texte spécifique utile à l’analyse de la culture parce qu’il est un dépôt de symboles constants. Et la culture, d’après Geertz, effectue un contrôle symbolique de la conduite.L’analyse du mythe est une fiction an premier sens du mot fictio: «modelé», «fait». Cette analyse n’est rien d’autre qu’une prévision des

Normal-tissue radioprotection by overexpression of the copper-zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase genes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Veldwijk, Marlon R. [Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Univ. Medical Center Mannheim, Univ. of Heidelberg, Mannheim (Germany); Pharmacology of Cancer Treatment (G402), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (Germany); Herskind, Carsten; Wenz, Frederik [Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Univ. Medical Center Mannheim, Univ. of Heidelberg, Mannheim (Germany); Sellner, Leopold; Zeller, W. Jens [Pharmacology of Cancer Treatment (G402), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (Germany); Radujkovic, Aleksandar [Dept. of Internal Medicine V, Univ. of Heidelberg (Germany); Laufs, Stephanie [Dept. of Experimental Surgery, Univ. Medical Center Mannheim, Univ. of Heidelberg, Mannheim (Germany); Molecular Oncology of Solid Tumors (G360), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg (Germany); Fruehauf, Stefan [Center for Tumor Diagnostic and Therapy, Paracelsus-Klinik, Osnabrueck (Germany)

2009-08-15

Background and Purpose: Protection of normal tissue against radiation-induced damage may increase the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy. A promising strategy for testing this approach is gene therapy-mediated overexpression of the copper-zinc (CuZnSOD) or manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) using recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV2) vectors. The purpose of this study was to test the modulating effects of the SOD genes on human primary lung fibroblasts (HPLF) after irradiation. Material and Methods: HPLF were transduced with rAAV2 vectors containing cDNA for the CuZnSOD, MnSOD or a control gene. The cells were irradiated (1-6 Gy), and gene transfer efficiency, apoptosis, protein expression/activity, and radiosensitivity measured by the colony-forming assay determined. Results: After transduction, 90.0% {+-} 6.4% of the cells expressed the transgene. A significant fivefold overexpression of both SOD was confirmed by an SOD activity assay (control: 21.1 {+-} 12.6, CuZnSOD: 95.1 {+-} 17.1, MnSOD: 108.5 {+-} 36.0 U SOD/mg protein) and immunohistochemistry. CuZnSOD and MnSOD overexpression resulted in a significant radioprotection of HPLF compared to controls (surviving fraction [SF] ratio SOD/control > 1): CuZnSOD: 1.18-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.32; p = 0.005), MnSOD: 1.23-fold (95% CI: 1.07-1.43; p = 0.01). Conclusion: Overexpression of CuZnSOD and MnSOD in HPLF mediated an increase in clonogenic survival after irradiation compared to controls. In previous works, a lack of radioprotection in SOD-overexpressing tumor cells was observed. Therefore, the present results suggest that rAAV2 vectors are promising tools for the delivery of radioprotective genes in normal tissue. (orig.)

Calculation codes in radioprotection, radio-physics and dosimetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jan, S.; Laedermann, J.P.; Bochud, F.; Ferragut, A.; Bordy, J.M.; Parisi, L.L.; Abou-Khalil, R.; Longeot, M.; Kitsos, S.; Groetz, J.E.; Villagrasa, C.; Daures, J.; Martin, E.; Henriet, J.; Tsilanizara, A.; Farah, J.; Uyttenhove, W.; Perrot, Y.; De Carlan, L.; Vivier, A.; Kodeli, I.; Sayah, R.; Hadid, L.; Courageot, E.; Fritsch, P.; Davesne, E.; Michel, X.

2010-01-01

This document gathers the slides of the available presentations given during these conference days. Twenty seven presentations are assembled in the document and deal with: 1 - GATE: calculation code for medical imaging, radiotherapy and dosimetry (S. Jan); 2 - estimation of conversion factors for the measurement of the ambient dose equivalent rate by in-situ spectroscopy (J.P. Laedermann); 3 - geometry specific calibration factors for nuclear medicine activity meters (F. Bochud); 4 - Monte Carlo simulation of a rare gases measurement system - calculation and validation, ASGA/VGM system (A. Ferragut); 5 - design of a realistic radiation field for the calibration of the dosemeters used in interventional radiology/cardiology (medical personnel dosimetry) (J.M. Bordy); 6 - determination of the position and height of the KALINA facility chimney at CEA Cadarache (L.L. Parisi); 7 - MERCURAD TM - 3D simulation software for dose rates calculation (R. Abou-Khalil); 8 - PANTHERE - 3D software for gamma dose rates simulation of complex nuclear facilities (M. Longeot); 9 - radioprotection, from the design to the exploitation of radioactive materials transportation containers (S. Kitsos); 10 - post-simulation processing of MCNPX responses in neutron spectroscopy (J.E. Groetz); 11 - last developments of the Geant4 Monte Carlo code for trace amounts simulation in liquid water at the molecular scale (C. Villagrasa); 12 - Calculation of H p (3)/K air conversion coefficients using PENELOPE Monte-Carlo code and comparison with MCNP calculation results (J. Daures); 13 - artificial neural networks, a new alternative to Monte Carlo calculations for radiotherapy (E. Martin); 14 - use of case-based reasoning for the reconstruction and handling of voxelized fantoms (J. Henriet); 15 - resolution of the radioactive decay inverse problem for dose calculation in radioprotection (A. Tsilanizara); 16 - use of NURBS-type fantoms for the study of the morphological factors influencing the pulmonary

Radioprotection of whole-body γ-irradiation-induced alteration in some haematological parameters by cysteine, vitamin E and their combination in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shaheen, A.A.; Hassan, S.M.

1991-01-01

Radioprotective effect of cysteine, vitamin E and their combination on γ-irradiation-induced alteration in some haematological parameters in male rats has been studied 24 and 48 hrs after whole-body γ-irradiation at a dose level of 7.5 Gy. The results of this study reveal that γ-irradiation caused a significant decrease in red blood cells (RBCs) count with insignificant change in hemoglobin level, 24 and 48 hrs postirradiation, γ-irradiated rats showed as well a progressive decrease in their blood ATP, and serum-SH levels with a significant increase in blood glutathione (GSH) level. Administration of cysteine or vitamin E preceeding γ-radiation exposure gave a significant radioprotection to the above haematological parameters. However, combination of both agents afforded a better protection, so that most of the measured parameters were restored to the pre-irradiated values. Finally, the data demonstrate that the radioprotection provided by combined adminsistration of vitamin E and cysteine is feasible and perhaps, even more efficient against radiation injury to RBCs. This will appreciate the usage of such combination in protecting the patient during radiotherapy. (orig.) [de

Interspecies comparison of the tissue distribution of WR-2721, a radioprotective drug

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Washburn, L.C.; Rafter, J.J.; Hayes, R.L.; Yuhas, J.M.

1975-01-01

Pre-irradiation intravenous administration of the radioprotective drug S-2-[3-aminopropylamino]ethylphosphorothioic acid (WR-2721) has potential value in radiotherapy because it doubles the radiation resistance of normal mouse tissues while affording only minimal protection to tumors. Deficient deposition of WR- 2721 in tumor tissue has recently been demonstrated and this is thought to be a major reason for the preferential protection of normal tissues by the drug. Data originally obtained in studies using the mouse and rat indicated that the tissue distribution of WR-2721 was possibly more closely related to dose per unit surface area than to dose per unit weight. To test this hypothesis an interspecies comparison of the tissue distribution of 35 S-labeled WR-2721 was carried out in normal mice, rats, rabbits, and dogs at 15 and 30 minutes after intravenous administration. Results suggest that the surface area and body weight exert equal effects on the tissue concentration of WR-2721. The results further suggest that lower absolute doses of WR-2721 in the human, possibly as low as 20 mg/kg, may provide a radioprotective effect equivalent to that produced from 100 mg/kg in the mouse, i.e., a 50 to 80 percent increase in radiation resistance (CH)

Radioprotective effect of Rapana thomasiana hemocyanin in gamma induced acute radiation syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kindekov, Ivan; Vassilieva, Vladimir; Aljakova, Mitko; Mileva, Milka; Krastev, Dimo; Raynova, Yuliana; Idakieva, Krassimira; Doumanov, Lyuba

2014-01-01

The radioprotective effect of Rapana thomasiana hemocyanin (RtH) against radiation-induced injuries (stomach ulcers, survival time and endogenous haemopoiesis) and post-radiation recovery was investigated in male albino mice (C3H strain). Radiation course was in a dose of 7.5 Gy (LD 100/30 - dose that kills 100% of the mice at 30 days) from "1"3"7Cs with a dose of 2.05 Gy/ min. Radiation injuries were manifested by inducing 2 hematopoietic form of acute radiation syndrome. RtH was administered intraperitoneally in a single dose of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight (b. w.) once a day for five consecutive days before irradiation. The results obtained showed that radiation exposure led to (1) 100% mortality rate, (2) ulceration in the stomach mucosa and (3) decrease formation of spleen colonies as a marker of endogenous haemopoiesis. Administration of RtH at a dose of 200 mg/kg provided better protection against radiation-induced stomach ulceration, mitigated the lethal effects of radiation exposure and recovered endogenous haemopoiesis versus irradiated but not supplemented mice. It could be expected that RtH will find a use in mitigating radiation induced injury and enhanced radiorecovery. Keywords: Rapana thomasiana hemocyanin; acute radiation syndrome; radioprotective effect; spleen colony assay; stomach ulcerations

Ultra slow muon microscopy by laser resonant ionization at J-PARC, MUSE

Science.gov (United States)

Miyake, Y.; Ikedo, Y.; Shimomura, K.; Strasser, P.; Kawamura, N.; Nishiyama, K.; Koda, A.; Fujimori, H.; Makimura, S.; Nakamura, J.; Nagatomo, T.; Kadono, R.; Torikai, E.; Iwasaki, M.; Wada, S.; Saito, N.; Okamura, K.; Yokoyama, K.; Ito, T.; Higemoto, W.

2013-04-01

As one of the principal muon beam line at the J-PARC muon facility (MUSE), we are now constructing a Muon beam line (U-Line), which consists of a large acceptance solenoid made of mineral insulation cables (MIC), a superconducting curved transport solenoid and superconducting axial focusing magnets. There, we can extract 2 × 108/s surface muons towards a hot tungsten target. At the U-Line, we are now establishing a new type of muon microscopy; a new technique with use of the intense ultra-slow muon source generated by resonant ionization of thermal Muonium (designated as Mu; consisting of a μ + and an e - ) atoms generated from the surface of the tungsten target. In this contribution, the latest status of the Ultra Slow Muon Microscopy project, fully funded, is reported.

Radioprotective and radiotherapeutic properties of biotechnological agent MD2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sobol, C.V.; Komar, V.E.; Sobol, Y.T.

1996-01-01

In recent years as the result of nuclear testing and accidents at nuclear power plants such as Chernobyl, etc. radiation exposure has become a major issue in various parts of the world. Experience of recent nuclear accidents has shown there is no effective treatment for patients expose to doses of radiation that result in fatal hematopoietic failure and /or secondary infections. Therefore, agents that are effective when administered after irradiation, are of great interest. In this study, the possibility of using biotechnological agent MD2 after lethal total body irradiation (TBI) and radiotherapy has been demonstrated. In addition, the considerable radioprotection without toxic effect can be obtained. (author)

Pharmacological toxicological studies on certain drugs subjected to radiation or used radioprotective agents

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hassan, S H.M. [Durng Research Dept., National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, (Egypt)

1995-10-01

The present study represents two main subjects. The first encounters the effect of radiosterilization of certain pharmaceretical preparations such as antihistaminics (cimetidine), anticonvulsants (diazepam), beta and calcium channel blacker (propranolol and verapamil) on their pharmacological activity. Results of this study revealed that the previously mentioned drugs can be effectively and safely sterilized by gamma irradiation without deleterious effect on their pharmacological activity. The other subject presented in this study is essentially a pharmacological subject encountering toxicological problems. Data of this study demonstrated that chemical radiation protection has been successfully reported using single drug administration has been successfully reported using single drug administration such as imidazole, and Sh-bearing compounds. In the present work, the radioprotective effect of imidazole was demonstrated on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Furthermore, combined drug administration was found to exert more protective action with less toxicity and therefore minimize the side effects of the radioprotective drugs. Thus, combination of imidazole and serotonin showed potential protective effect on blood gases was also reported. In addition, combination of cysteine and vitamin E afforded a better protection on adrenocortical function in rats than either agent alone. 4 figs., 1 tab.

Restoration of radiation injury by ginseng, 2. Some properties of the radioprotective substances

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yonezawa, M.; Katoh, N.; Takeda, A. (Radiation Center of Osaka Prefecture, Sakai (Japan))

1981-09-01

Some properties of the radioprotective substances in a ginseng extract that increased the 30-day survival ratio in irradiated mice were studied. Methanol-soluble fraction of the extract did not protect the irradiated animals. Acid or alkali (0.12 N) inactivated the extract at 60/sup 0/C. But the radioprotective activity was stable after heating the ginseng extract in physiological saline at pH 7 in a boiling-water bath for 15 min. The ginseng extract was separated into two fractions by CM-cellulose column chromatography. One of them (CM-A) was significantly efficacious at 5% level, and the other (CM-B) at 0.1% level with the doses proportional to their yields. CM-B, not containing saponin, was subjected to further purification, UV spectrum and a biuret test suggested the presence of protein in this fraction. The supernatant obtained after heating CM-B solution at pH 7 was separated into three fractions, namely G-I, G-II and G-III, by gel-chromatography with a Sephadex G-75 column. Both G-I (0.44 mg per animal) and G-III (0.84 mg, calculated dose) were significantly efficacious, but G-II (0.47 mg) was not.

Pharmacological toxicological studies on certain drugs subjected to radiation or used radioprotective agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hassan, S.H.M.

1995-01-01

The present study represents two main subjects. The first encounters the effect of radiosterilization of certain pharmaceretical preparations such as antihistaminics (cimetidine), anticonvulsants (diazepam), beta and calcium channel blacker (propranolol and verapamil) on their pharmacological activity. Results of this study revealed that the previously mentioned drugs can be effectively and safely sterilized by gamma irradiation without deleterious effect on their pharmacological activity. The other subject presented in this study is essentially a pharmacological subject encountering toxicological problems. Data of this study demonstrated that chemical radiation protection has been successfully reported using single drug administration has been successfully reported using single drug administration such as imidazole, and Sh-bearing compounds. In the present work, the radioprotective effect of imidazole was demonstrated on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Furthermore, combined drug administration was found to exert more protective action with less toxicity and therefore minimize the side effects of the radioprotective drugs. Thus, combination of imidazole and serotonin showed potential protective effect on blood gases was also reported. In addition, combination of cysteine and vitamin E afforded a better protection on adrenocortical function in rats than either agent alone. 4 figs., 1 tab

Radioprotection in the infirmary praxis in service of hemodynamic; Radioprotecao na praxis da enfermagem em servico de hemodinamica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Flor, Rita de Cassia, E-mail: flor@ifsc.edu.br; Gelbcke, Francine Lima, E-mail: fgelbcke@ccs.ufsc.b [Universidade Federal de Santa Catarinha (CCS/UFSC), Florianopolis, SC (Brazil). Secretaria do Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Enfermagem

2011-10-26

Qualitative study made in a hemodynamic service at Santa Catarina, Brazil, viewing to analyse the attitude of workers in infirmary related to the use of radioprotection measurements in interventionist procedures. A methodology of Labor Psycho dynamics was used through the observations, collective interviews and the document analysis. Totally it was realized 36 encounters, completed a total of 54 observation hours. The results have shown that the workers used defense strategies for justification the not use of some radioprotection measurements. Yet, become evident that the measurements related to the distance from the radiation source and the exposure time have not used sometimes, perhaps due to negligence. Finally, it was concluded that, some attitudes adopted by the workers referred to the lack of a continued educational program

Chapitre VIII. Les réseaux conservationnistes contre les territoires

OpenAIRE

Grenier, Christophe

2014-01-01

C’est donc dans un parc national qui n’a jamais vraiment été surveillé depuis sa création que les naturalistes occidentaux prétendent conserver la nature des Galápagos. Mais, contrariés par les acteurs territoriaux que sont l’État équatorien et la population insulaire, leurs efforts pour protéger le PNG — c’est-à-dire pour mettre en œuvre une conservation in situ — ont évolué en tentative de sauvegarder ex situ certaines espèces. La FCD a donc abandonné le territoire incontrôlable du parc nat...

Le traitement de l’idéologie dans la sociologie de Luc Boltanski

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Vrydaghs

2006-10-01

Full Text Available IntroductionLe concept d’idéologie apparaît dans la sociologie de Luc Boltanski à partir du Nouvel Esprit du capitalisme, publié en 1999. L’auteur y revient dans La Condition fœtale, paru en 2004. On aurait donc pu se contenter de ces ouvrages pour examiner le traitement réservé à l’idéologie dans la sociologie de Luc Boltanski. On préférera pourtant revenir aux travaux antérieurs du sociologue, et ce pour deux raisons.D’abord parce que le concept d’idéologie tel qu’il est employé dans Le Nou...

Radioprotection by Rubia cordifolia: studies on mitochondrial membranes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamat, J.P.; Mishra, K.P.

2005-01-01

Oxidative stress is inevitable to living cells and induces several adverse effects in human ill health. Ionizing radiations are the major sources of ROS. Our present study was aimed to examine the radioprotective role of one popular ayurvedic herbal drug, Rubia cordifolia (Rubiaceae) (Rc) against cellular damage. The results showed that aqueous extract of Rc ( ∼50 μg/ml) significantly prevented rat liver mitochondrial damage induced by ionizing radiation. Single strand breaks induced in plasmid pBR322 DNA following ionizing radiations was effectively prevented by Rc extract. Based on several biochemical results as well as radical scavenging ability of the extract, it can be suggested that extract of Rc may have possible therapeutic applications in the prevention of radiation-induced cellular damage. (author)

Radioprotective action of endoneous and exogenous natural compounds

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Mastro, N.L.

1991-04-01

In last years at the Radiobiology Division of our Institute several studies have been performed to determine the radioprotective capacity of some natural products from microbial, vegetal or endogenous origin. This substances have been chosen for some of their specific biological characteristics, among them: immunoestimulating (bacillus of Calmette-Guerin, Corynebacterium parvum), anti-inflammatory (Cordia verbanacea), anti-carcinogenic and anti-oxidant ones (α-tocopherol). Assays were performed using albino mice previously injected intraperitoneally with those agents and then irradiated with lethal doses of sup(60)Co gamma radiation. Survival and body weight curves after irradiation have been studied during 30 days comparing to normal controls. Depending on the specific properties of tested substances the induction of splenomegalia and the behavior of peritoneal cellularity were concomitantly analyzed. (author)

La population du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord contribue ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

29 avr. 2016 ... Le degré d'apport au contenu varie grandement d'une population à l'autre. Si les habitants du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord (région MENA) utilisent Wikipédia, ils y contribuent cependant moins que les populations d'autres régions du monde. Le contenu au sujet de la région MENA est, le plus ...

Évaluation des politiques publiques avec la méthode d’appariement : le cas des parcs naturels régionaux en Auvergne et Rhône-Alpes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CREMER-SCHULTE, Dominik

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Outils de politique territoriale, les parcs naturels régionaux ont été créés pour protéger le patrimoine naturel et culturel et pour valoriser ces ressources endogènes dans un objectif de développement local et régional. Mais comment évaluer leur contribution au développement socio-économique des territoires concernés ? Les auteurs de cet article ont utilisé la méthode d’appariement comme outil d’évaluation des politiques de sept parcs en Auvergne et Rhône-Alpes, pour étudier leurs effets sur l’économie locale, en particulier par rapport au tourisme et à l’emploi local.

Investigation on radioprotective efficacy of biogenous amines and some aspects of the mechanism of their action on mammalian cells cultivated in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Graevskij, Eh.Ya.; Yanushevskaya, M.I.; Bueverova, Eh.I.; Bragina, E.V.; Konstantinova, M.M.

1981-01-01

Serotonin and adrenaline do not vary virtually from cysteamine in their radioprotective capacity as was demonstrated on Chinese hamster fibroblasts, cultivated in vitro, by the following criteria: reproductive death and chromosome lesions. In contrast to adrenaline, serotonin-induced decrease of radiation injury is not an actual radioprotective effect for serotonin elicits an equal increase in the survival when delivered before or after irradiation. As to chromosome damages, they also reliably decrease with serotonin administered either before or after irradiation although in the latter case, the decrease is lesser

Néotoponymie contestée à Potchefstroom / Tlokwe (Province du Nord-Ouest, Afrique du Sud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myriam Houssay-Holzschuch

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Illustration 1 - Extrait du site de la municipalité de Potchefstroom / TlokweSource : http://www.potch.co.za/newsarchive/streetnames.htmlIllustration 2- Potchefstroom (Afrique du SudAuteur : Béatrice Obry-Guyot, début décembre 2007.Illustration 3 - Extrait du plan Google Map de PotchefstroomSource : Google Map.La question toponymique en Afrique du Sud sur la longue durée porte sur deux thèmes essentiels porteurs de controverses : le plurilinguisme et le marquage symbolique et mémoriel du te...

Ksenia Pimenova, Les sources de savoirs. Le renouveau du bouddhisme et du chamanisme chez les Touvas de la Sibérie du Sud

OpenAIRE

Pimenova, Ksenia

2013-01-01

Cette thèse présente une étude comparative du « renouveau » post-soviétique du chamanisme et du bouddhisme tibétain (école Guélougpa) chez les Touvas, un des peuples autochtones de la Sibérie du Sud (Russie). Ce phénomène a lieu après des décennies de politique antireligieuse (dès la fin des années 1920 jusqu’aux années 1980) ayant abouti à la destruction de la communauté bouddhique et à la marginalisation du chamanisme. Nous analysons le chamanisme et le bouddhisme post-soviétiques comme deu...

Radioprotective effects of sodium arginate on radiation induced intestinal damage

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakatsugawa, Shigekazu; Yukawa, Yutaka; Abe, Mitsuyuki.

1988-05-01

Effects of sodium arginate were examined on radiation-induced intestinal death of mice and on the pathological changes of the ileum after whole or partial abdominal X-irradiation. BALB/c male mice (SPF, 7 approx. 8 week old, 21 approx. 28 g body weight) were irradiated with various doses of 10 MV of X-rays under general anesthesia (dose rate : 4 Gy/min). A radiation field covers either 2.5 or 5.0 cm width of abdomen from the anus. Sterilized water or 5 % sodium arginate solution (0.2 ml/body) was daily given per os through a stomach tube until the death of mice or 15 approx. 21 days after X-ray exposure. Intestinal death was examined daily. In another experiment, mice were daily sacrificed and pathological specimens were made. In order to study the effects of sodium arginate on peripheral blood circulation in the ileum after X-ray exposure, the microangiograms with Ba contrast media were also taken. Sodium arginate showed statistically significant radioprotective effects on intestinal death after 14.5 approx. 15.0 Gy of X-ray irradiation to the abdomen through a radiation field of 5.0 cm width or after 18.0 Gy of X-irradiation to the abdomen through a field of 2.5 cm width. The pathological studies suggest that the drug may protect the surface of the intestine against infection and potentiate the recovery processes of the mucosal membrane. This may elucidate the possible mechanisms of radioprotective effects of sodium arginate on esophagitis or on rectal ulcer induced by radiotherapy.

Modification of the radioprotective effect of hypoxic hypoxia by the artificial hibernation of the organism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ovakimov, V.G.; Yarmonenko, S.P.; Akademiya Meditsinskikh Nauk SSSR, Moscow. Inst. Ehksperimental'noj i Klinicheskoj Onkologii)

1975-01-01

A significant weakening of the radioprotective effect of hypoxic hypoxia has been noted in the hibernated mice the resistance of which to acute oxygen deficiency is artificially hibernated (hypothermia under conditions of neuroplegia). The dose decrease factor is about 1.27 and 2.5 for hibernated and nonhibernated animals, respectively

On the correlation between the radioprotective effectiveness of serotonin and its derivatives and their ability to modify the local blood flow in animal tissues

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abramov, M.M.; Vasin, M.V.

1978-01-01

Radioprotective effectiveness of serotonin and its alkoxy derivatives and their ability to modify a local blood flow in hemopoietic tissues have been comparatively studied in albino mice and rats. The correlation between these two parameters is nonlinear and may be approximated by a hyperbola equation. The correlation coefficient is - 0.88. A high radioprotective effect of serotonin and its derivatives is observed in the case of a three-fold decrease of the blood flow in the spleen

Mankind, radiations and radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Metivier, Henri

2015-10-01

After a brief recall of the historic knowledge on natural radioactivity, of the first developments of nuclear medicine and of the emergence of a necessary regulation of the use of these radiations, the author first proposes an overview of the relationship between radioactivity and exposure: sources of natural irradiation, sources of natural origin but modified by technology (medical exposure, professional exposure). Then, the author recalls the origin of radioprotection rules: the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU), the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). He addresses the notion of dose with its different types: absorbed dose, equivalent dose, effective dose, specific case of internal exposure with the notion of engaged dose. He gives an overview of the effects of ionizing radiations: deterministic effects, global external irradiation, partial irradiations, and stochastic effects. The next part addresses the radiological protection system: scope of application, the three principles (justification, optimisation, and limitation), and dose limitations. Some matters of debate are reviewed: consequences of accidents of reactors, of Chernobyl and Fukushima (mortality by acute radiation syndrome, thyroid cancers, other cancers, leukaemia, non cancerous diseases, projections and conclusions after the Chernobyl accident), the notions of collective dose and of radio-toxicity, radio-induced cancers and genetic predisposition

1843-IJBCS-Article-Bitty Anderson

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Le Parc National du Banco, forêt sempervirente à l'intérieure de la capitale ... Le chimpanzé d'Afrique de l'Ouest (Pan troglodytes verus), espèce en danger selon ... d'insectivores et de chiroptères ont été inventoriées lors de notre étude.

Radioprotection on nucleated and anucleated erythrocytes by oxide-reduction coenzymes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandez, M.; Tomicic, I.; Rojo, I.

1981-01-01

The protective effects of NAD, FAD and quinone and mixtures of these compounds were studied on gamma irradiated rabbit and chicken erythrocytes. The dose relative factor (DRF 37) was evaluated by visible absorbancy measurements of liberated hemoglobin. The DRF 37 obtained on rabbit erythrocytes were: NAD+FAD+quinone mixture: 11,1; NAD+ quinone mixture: 6,1; FAD+quinone mixture: 6,1; NAD: 1,6; FAD: 5,5; quinone: 5,1. The DRF 37 obtained with the mixture NAD+FAD+quinone on chicken erythrocytes was 3,9. The high efficiency of the radioprotective mixture NAD+FAD+ quinone is discussed. (author)

Bulletin du CRDI #124

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Les femmes jouent un rôle important dans les exploitations minières artisanales et à petite échelle en Afrique subsaharienne. De concert ... Couverture du livre: Une vie saine pour les femmes et les enfants vulnérables · Couverture du livre: Entre el activismo y la intervención · Couverture du livre: Revitalizing Health for All.

Bulletin du CRDI #125

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'IOSRS remporte le prix de la diplomatie scientifique · GrowInclusive : la plateforme tant attendue est en construction · Toutes les nouvelles. Activités à venir. Semaine du développement international 2018. Le CRDI célébrera la Semaine du développement international du 4 au 10 février 2018. Suivez-nous sur Twitter et ...

Simulation of a reactor FBR with hexagonal-Z geometry using the code PARCS 3.1; Simulacion de un reactor FBR con geometria hexagonal-Z usando el codigo PARCS 3.1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reyes F, M. C.; Del Valle G, E. [IPN, Escuela Superior de Fisica y Matematicas, Av. Instituto Politecnico Nacional s/n, U.P. Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Edificio 9, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07738 Mexico D. F. (Mexico); Filio L, C., E-mail: rf.melisa@gmail.com [Comision Nacional de Seguridad Nuclear y Salvaguardias, Dr. Jose Ma. Barragan No. 779, Col. Narvarte, 03020 Mexico D. F. (Mexico)

2013-10-15

The nuclear reactor core type FBR (Fast Breeder Reactor) was modeled in three dimensions of hexagonal-Z geometry using the code PARCS (Purdue Advanced Reactor Core Simulator) version 3.1 developed by Purdue University researchers. To carry out the modeling of the mentioned reactor was taken the corresponding information to one of the described benchmarks in the document NEACRP-L-330 (3-D Neutron Transport Benchmarks, 1991); fundamentally the corresponding to the geometric data and the cross sections. Being a quick reactor of breeding, known as the Knk-II, for which are considered 4 energy groups without dispersions up. The reactor core is formed by prismatic elements of hexagonal transversal cut where part of them only corresponds to nuclear fuel assemblies. This has four reflector rings and 6 identical control elements that together with the active part of the core is configured with 8 different types of elements.With the extracted information of the mentioned document the entrance file was prepared for PARCS 3.1 only considering a sixth part of the core due to the symmetry that presents their configuration. The NEACRP-L-330 shows a wide range of results reported by those who collaborated in its elaboration using different solution techniques that go from the Monte Carlo method to the approaches S{sub 2} and P{sub 1}. Of all the results were selected those obtained with the code HEXNOD, to which were carried out a comparison of the effective multiplication factor, being smaller differences to the 300 pcm, for three different scenarios: a) with the control bars extracted totally, b) with the semi-inserted control bars and c) with the control bars inserted completely and two different axial meshes, a thick mesh with 14 slices and another fine with 38, that which implies that the results can be considered very similar among if same. Radial maps and axial profiles are included, as much of the power as of the neutrons flow. (Author)

Profils des porteurs du VIH/SIDA au début du traitement ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

But : Décrire les profils des porteurs de VIH/sida au début du traitement antirétroviral. Matériels et méthode: Les dossiers des porteurs du VIH/sida de la région maritime ont été analysés de mai 2008 à avril 2009 par le comité thérapeutique. Résultats: Parmi les 641 dossiers analysés, 67,40% venaient du district de Yoto.

PWR simplified fuel element simulation using calculation trailer ANSYS CFX and PARCS including pressure drop and turbulence in the spacer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pena-Monferrer, C.; Chiva, S.; Miro, R.; Barrachina, T.; Pellacani, F.; Macian-Juan, R.

2012-01-01

With the recent development of a new computational tool for calculations of nuclear reactors based on the coupling between the PARCS neutron transport code and computational fluid dynamics commercial code (CFD) ANSYS CFX opens new possibilities in the fuel element design that contributes to a better understanding and a better simulation of the processes of heat transfer and specific phenomena of fluid dynamics as the c rossflow .

Study of the radioprotective effect of flavonoid quercetin on human lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siqueira, Williams Nascimento de

2013-01-01

Ionizing radiation has been used in various fields of study, as medicine, industry, energy production, surgical materials sterilization, preservation and sterilization of foods, among others. These radiations may be responsible for adverse effects at molecular level in living organisms, where most important damage occurs in deoxyribonucleic acid molecule, DNA. These harmful effects caused by radiation highlights the importance of acquiring knowledge about radioprotector substances because they can act as protector of living tissue of those effects. In this research was investigated the possible radioprotective effect 'in vitro' of the flavonoid quercetin in human lymphocytes exposed to gamma radiation. At first, test was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of quercetin by capturing DPPH free radical molecules. Then, it was collected peripheral blood of volunteers donors. Then the samples were irradiated from linear accelerator (Siemens Primus - energy of 6 MeV and dose rate of 200 cGy/min from IMIP-PE). After samples irradiation, lymphocytes were isolated from whole blood and then the culture was carried out to obtain lymphocyte in metaphases and subsequent, analysis of chromosomal abnormalities were done at optical microscope. Statistical analysis was used Student 't' test. The results showed that quercetin at a concentration of 37.5 μM presented radioprotective against damage from gamma radiation on human lymphocytes in vitro. Have been also observed that the irradiated lymphocytes showed morphologically unchanged after undergoing the presence of the flavonoid quercetin. (author)

Radioprotection of patients and workers in interventional and operating block radiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Menechal, P.; Valero, M.; Megnigbeto, C.; Marchal, C.; Godet, J.L.

2011-01-01

Over the last ten years or so, extensive development in radiological and implantable equipment has generated significant growth in radio-guided procedures. The real benefit of these practices to patients explains their development. These procedures can be undertaken using not only dedicated, specific fixed installations and computed tomography scanners, but also mobile installations in facilities not designed for radiography, such as operating blocks. The complexity of these procedures and the times spent implementing the required radiation can lead to major detrimental effects on personnel and patients, if they are not fully controlled. Many specialist medical disciplines now perform invasive procedures guided by images. Optimisation of patient doses mainly depends on the training level of medical teams, the intrinsic performance characteristics of the equipment used, adjustment of the technical parameters and the presence or absence of qualified personnel. Optimisation of professional personnel exposure is complex and depends on the performance conditions of procedures, which can expose workers extensively and non-uniformly. Designation of personnel competent in radioprotection, assessment of risks and definition of controlled areas, analysis of workstations and dosimetric monitoring of operators (especially of body extremities) are difficult to implement. Use of collective and personal protective equipment must be improved. The general manager of the French nuclear safety authority (ASN) has referred the matter to the permanent group of radioprotection experts (GPMED) to ensure that recommendations are drawn up in the short term. (authors)

Evaluation of the radioprotective efficacy of rifaximin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Won Woo; Kim, Mi Sook; Jeong, Jae Hoon; Kim, Hee Jong [Dept. of Radiation Treatment Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2014-04-15

Radiation exposure causes severe intestinal damage, and intestinal injury has been shown to plays a pivotal role in survival. The non-systemic antibiotic, rifaximin, is used in the treatment of traveler's diarrhea due to bacterial enteropathogens and has an anti-biotic and an anti-inflammatory effect with low gastrointestinal absorption of < 0.4%. Rifaximin also has been used for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, small bowel bacterial overgrowth, pouchitis. Jahraus et al. reported that rifaximin diminishes neutropenia following potentially lethalmwhole-body radiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of rifaximin on ionizing radiation-induced intestinal injury. Rifaximin showed increased survival rate as well as decreased weight loss between pre treatment and post treatment. Fortunately rifaximin seems to involveincreased number of crypt cells and length of villus. These findings suggest that rifaximin can be a strategy by protecting intestinal injury.