Germans want more cost fairness and proximity to citizens in the energy transition; Deutsche wollen mehr Kostengerechtigkeit und Buergernaehe bei der Energiewende

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Setton, Daniela; Renn, Ortwin [Institut fuer Transformative Nachhaltigkeitsforschung (IASS), Potsdam (Germany)

2018-01-15

Goals such as fairness, participation and social compatibility will play in the future an increasingly important role in the struggle to find the right solutions for the energy transition, be it in the reform of the allocation and remuneration system, the expansion of wind energy on land, the sector coupling or the heat and traffic turnaround. WWith the first ''Social sustainability barometer of the energy transition'', published in November 2017, the IASS presents a monitoring instrument with a comprehensive, empirically sustainable database on the social dimensions of energy turnaround: it records annually the attitudes, justice sensations, experiences and expectations of different population groups in Germany with regard to the energy transition and identifies social challenges and political needs for action. With some amazing results. [German] Ziele wie Gerechtigkeit, Beteiligung und Sozialvertraeglichkeit werden zukuenftig eine immer wichtigere Rolle beim Ringen um die richtigen Loesungen fuer die Energiewende spielen, sei es bei der Reform des Umlagen- und Entgeltsystems, dem Windenergieausbau an Land, der Sektorkopplung oder der Waerme- und Verkehrswende. Mit dem im November 2017 erstmals erschienenen ''Sozialen Nachhaltigkeitsbarometer der Energiewende'' legt das IASS ein Monitoringinstrument mit einer umfassenden, empirisch tragfaehigen Datenbasis zu den sozialen Dimensionen der Energiewende vor: Es erfasst jaehrlich die Einstellungen, Gerechtigkeitsempfindungen, Erfahrungen und Erwartungen verschiedener Bevoelkerungsgruppen in Deutschland im Hinblick auf die Energiewende und benennt gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen und politische Handlungsbedarfe. Mit teils erstaunlichen Ergebnissen.

Vergleich vom Einsatz Standardisierter Patienten mit Computerfällen in der Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie [Training with standardized patients versus computerized case simulations in psychiatry and psychotherapy: a comparison

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Mathiak, Klaus

2010-02-01

mehreren Bereichen signifikant bessere Bewertungen. Diese Einschätzung war unabhängig von den individuellen Lernstilen der Studierenden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Vergleich unterschiedlicher Lehrmethoden in einer kontrollierten Studie möglich ist. Beide Unterrichtsformen bieten die Möglichkeit, praxisrelevante Fertigkeiten zu trainieren. Jedoch stellt gerade der Unterricht mit Standardisierten Patienten im Fachgebiet der Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie eine wichtige Ergänzung zu anderen Lehrmethoden dar, um kommunikative Kompetenzen im Umgang mit psychisch kranken Patienten einzuüben.

Der Einfluss von rechtsgerichtetem Autoritarismus und sozialer Dominanzorientierung auf homophobe Einstellungen

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Sarah Andrejewski

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Das Thema Homophobie geriet seit 2012 verstärkt in das Interesse der Medien. Ursachen waren u.a. die Erlassung homophober Gesetze in Russland, Outings von prominenten Persönlichkeiten wie Fußballspieler und Politiker oder die in Frankreich auftretenden Massendemonstrationen zur Verhinderung der gleichgeschlechtlichen Ehe. Durch das kürzlich stattfindende Attentat in einem beliebten Club der LGBT-Community in Orlando ist das Thema präsenter denn je. Neben Untersuchungen, die aufdecken, welchen Vorurteilen Menschen mit einer homosexuellen Ausrichtung ausgesetzt sind und wie sich diese im Alltag der Betroffenen niederschlagen, suchen vermehrt Studien nach den Gründen dieser Vorurteile. Die vorliegende Arbeit bedient sich dazu etablierter Konzepte aus der Vorurteilsforschung, um diese in einen Zusammenhang mit homophoben Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen zu bringen. Mithilfe einer Online-Befragung von 249 heterosexuellen Teilnehmern wurde der Einfluss von rechtsgerichteten Autoritarismus (RWA, sozialer Dominanzorientierung (SDO und sozialer Identität (SI auf homophobe Einstellungen ermittelt. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die untersuchten Variablen negativ auf die Einstellungen der Untersuchungsteilnehmer gegenüber Schwulen und Lesben wirken. Gleichzeitig wurde die Mediatorrolle der sozialen Identität als Identifikation mit der eigenen heterosexuellen Orientierung getestet und nachgewiesen, dass diese als Mediator zwischen RWA, SDO und homophoben Einstellungen fungiert.

Raumgefühle – Gefühlsräume. Perspektiven auf die Verschränkung von emotionalen Praktiken und Topografien der Moderne

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Benno Gammerl

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Ausgehend von verschiedenen Ansätzen in der Forschung zu Gefühlen und Räumen umreißt der Artikel das theoretische, empirische und politische Potenzial des Spannungsfelds zwischen der affektiven Durchkreuzung geordneter Strukturen und der emotionalen Bearbeitung machtdurchwirkter Raumverhältnisse. Praktiken des urban gardening und Debatten über Gentrifizierung zeigen beispielhaft, wie Analysen der dynamischen Interaktionen zwischen Räumen und Gefühlen für eine kritische Perspektive auf Urbanität fruchtbar werden können. Die Beschäftigung mit der Körperlichkeit von Raumgefühlen und der Materialität von Gefühlsräumen bietet willkommene Gelegenheiten, nach Strategien zu suchen, die weder das beharrliche Wirken des Sozialen noch die widerständige Kraft des Materiellen in deterministischer Manier überbetonen, sondern sich stattdessen auf die ambivalenten Dynamiken und Effekte gefühlsräumlicher Prozesse konzentrieren.

A Philosophical Examination of Social Justice and Child Poverty

OpenAIRE

Schweiger, Gottfried; Graf, Gunter

2015-01-01

Das Buch behandelt Kinderarmut als Thema der sozialen Gerechtigkeit. Ausgehend von einer Konzeption der sozialen Gerechtigkeit für Kinder, die im Capability Approach beheimatet ist, legen die Autoren eine Kritik der Kinderarmut vor und entwickeln eine Theorie über die verantwortlichen Aktuere, die zur Linderung von Kinderarmut verpflichtet sind. This book examines child poverty as a topic of social justice. The authors develop a theory of social justice for children based within the capabi...

„Unsere tägliche Sendung von der Banalität des Bösen“. Der postmoderne Konflikt in Elfriede Jelineks und Luis Buñuels Würgeengel

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Aline Vennemann

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Civilité et barbarie vont de pair. C’est ce que nous suggèrent le cinéaste espagnol Luis Buñuel et la dramaturge autrichienne Elfriede Jelinek dans leurs versions postmodernes de l’Ange exterminateur. En se réclamant de l’allégorie biblique de l’ange mortifère (Todesengel, ils esquissent une société en rupture avec la conception traditionnelle. Ce portrait d’une société que l’on pourrait qualifier de « post-civilisée » invite à repenser, à partir des deux œuvres fictionnelles, le conflit social qui résulte d’une remise en question radicale des normes sociales de l’Occident.Zivilisiertheit und Barbarei bilden einen gemeinsamen Nexus. Dies suggerieren der spanische Regisseur Luis Buñuel und die österreichische Autorin Elfriede Jelinek in ihren postmodernen Fassungen des Würgeengels. Auf die biblische Figur des Todesengels rekurrierend skizzieren sie eine Gesellschaft, die deutlich mit der traditionellen Selbstauffassung bricht. Das Porträt jener Gesellschaft, die man als „post-zivilisiert“ bezeichnen könnte, lädt dazu ein, den sozialen Konflikt, der sich aus der radikalen Infragestellung der westlichen Gesellschaftsnormen ergibt, anhand der zwei fiktionalen Werke zu überdenken.

Das Paarinterview in der soziologischen Paarforschung. Method(ologische und forschungspraktische Überlegungen

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Christine Wimbauer

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Paarinterviews erlauben die Erfassung von Interaktionen, Aushandlungen, Performances und Präsentationen des Paares und als Paar in situ. Sie liefern Einblicke in die konkrete Paarpraxis und in die Darstellung der Praxis im Interview als doing couple, aber auch als doing gender, doing family, doing recognition oder doing inequality. Mit dem Blick auf Individuen in Paarbeziehungen mittels Paarinterviews können Macht- und Ungleichheitsverhältnisse im Paar sowie die Prozesshaftigkeit und Dynamik des Sozialen ausschnitthaft beobachtet werden. Paarinterviews werden in der nichtstandardisierten Sozialforschung zunehmend, jedoch weitaus seltener als Einzelinterviews verwendet. Bisher gibt es im deutschsprachigen Raum kaum systematische methodische und methodologische Überlegungen zum gemeinsamen Paarinterview. Basierend auf der Fassung von Paarbeziehungen als Realität sui generis und als eigenständigem Analysegegenstand zeigen wir – verortet im interpretativen Paradigma – Erkenntnisinteressen, Anwendungsbereiche und Stärken von Paarinterviews für die soziologische Paarforschung auf. Zudem präsentieren wir neben ausgewählten soziologischen Paarforschungen methodische Aspekte der Durchführung und Anwendung, method(ologische Grenzen von und offene method(ologische Fragen zum Paarinterview (nicht nur in der soziologischen Paarforschung. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs170243

Prekär, aber glücklich? Wissenschaftlicher ‹Nachwuchs› in der Medienpädagogik

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Valentin Dander

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Die Prekarisierung der Beschäftigungsverhältnisse von Qualifikanden/-innen rücken zunehmend in das Interesse bildungspolitischer und öffentlicher Diskussionen. Selbst der Ausdruck ‹wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs› steht in der Kritik. Der vorliegende Beitrag verortet die Situation der Medienpädagogik im deutschsprachigen Raum in dieser Debatte. Drei ausgewählte Schwerpunkte werden dafür in den Blick genommen: (1. die Rolle von Wissenschaftlern/-innen in Qualifizierungsphasen im aktuellen Wissenschaftssystem, (2. die Situation in der Disziplin der Erziehungswissenschaft sowie (3. der Prozess der Prekarisierung in der Wissenschaft. Die Frage, inwiefern die markierten Veränderungen des Wissenschaftssystems und damit zusammenhängende Herausforderungen auch Medienpädagogen/-innen im deutschsprachigen Raum betreffen, wird auf Basis einer online durchgeführten Fragebogen-Untersuchung mit 76 Teilnehmern/-innen diskutiert. In exemplarischer Betrachtung der Fragenkomplexe (1 Zufriedenheit mit Arbeits- und Beschäftigungsverhältnissen, (2 Betreuungssituation sowie (3 Work-Life-Balance zeigt sich einerseits eine allgemeine Zufriedenheit hinsichtlich der Möglichkeiten des selbstbestimmten Arbeitens, des sozialen Arbeitsumfelds sowie mit der Betreuung der eigenen Qualifikationsarbeit. Anderseits werden auch in der Medienpädagogik Probleme deutlich, die den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs disziplinübergreifend betreffen: Die mangelnde berufliche Sicherheit und Planbarkeit der Karriere zählen zu den grössten problematischen Aspekten für Wissenschaftler/-innen in Qualifizierungsphasen.

Ein Frankfurter Sicherheitsregime. Neoliberale Sicherheitsproduktion in der ,Hauptstadt des Verbrechensʼ

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Anna Kern

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Während sich staatliche Sicherheitspolitik fortwährend verändert, scheint die Kritik an ihr verhältnismäßig unflexibel. Vielmehr wird der ständige Prozess der Ausdifferenzierung und Transformation der staatlichen Sicherheitsapparate von ihren Kritiker_innen seit Jahrzehnten so vehement mit Warnungen vor der Herausbildung eines totalitären Überwachungsstaates begleitet, dass diese zunehmend zu Unkenrufen verkommen. Mit dem Begriff des Sicherheitsregimes wird im Folgenden gegen einen Alarmismus argumentiert, der sich in Hinweisen auf die ständige Eskalation von Sicherheitspolitiken und eine damit einhergehende Beschneidung der Freiheit von Bürger_innen, Prekarisierten, Exkludierten oder sozialen Bewegungen erschöpft. Denn eine Kritik, die bei Skandalisierungen verbleibt, ist einerseits blind für qualitative Veränderungen. Andererseits schreibt sie selbst tradierte Herrschaftsverhältnisse fest, indem sie Vergangenes romantisiert und so an der Erzählung von der grundsätzlichen Alternativlosigkeit einer herrschaftsförmig organisierten Gesellschaft mitwirkt.Dagegen wird eine materialistische Analyseperspektive eingenommen, die die Transformationen von Politiken der Sicherheit im Kontext der historischen Entwicklung der kapitalistischen Produktionsweise begreift. Anhand von Fallbeispielen zum Polizieren der Felder häusliche Gewalt und gewaltaffine Fußballfans in Frankfurt am Main wird die neoliberale Konzeption des umfassenden Zusammenwirkens öffentlicher, privatwirtschaftlicher und zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure empirisch skizziert und das sich ausdifferenzierende Akteursfeld in diesem Bereich dargestellt. So können auch soziale Konfliktlinien identifiziert werden, die über die herkömmliche Gegenüberstellung von Freiheit und Sicherheit hinausweisen.

Recht und soziales Kapital im Wohlfahrtsstaat

OpenAIRE

Karstedt, Susanne

1997-01-01

'Das Konzept des sozialen Kapitals spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der Diskussion um den Um- und Abbau des Wohlfahrtsstaates. Zerstört der Wohlfahrtsstaat soziales Kapital? Können staatliche Sozialleistungen durch das soziale Kapital in Familien, Nachbarschaften und Gemeinden umstandslos ersetzt werden, und individuelle Rechtsansprüche als Forderungen an diese sozialen Netzwerke zurückverwiesen werden? Kann die angestrebte 'Verantwortungsgesellschaft' (Etzioni) die Leistungen übernehmen, mit de...

Rezension von: Nancy E. Riley: Gender, Work, and Family in a Chinese Economic Zone. Laboring in Paradise. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2013.

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Yvonne Berger

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Das Buch eignet sich vor allem für Wissenschaftler/-innen, die sich mit den Lebenswirklichkeiten von Arbeitsmigrantinnen in China aus geschlechtertheoretischer Sicht beschäftigen. Nancy E. Riley interessiert sich ethnographisch für den Zusammenhang von Geschlecht, Arbeit und Familie. Konkret geht die Autorin dabei der Frage nach, inwiefern die in der Dalian Economic Zone (DEZ arbeitenden Frauen Erwerbsarbeit als eine Ressource der sozialen Mobilität und der Verhandlung innerfamilialer Machtpositionen nutzbar machen können. Mit Fokus auf dieser (Sonder-Wirtschaftszone und den familialen Lebenswirklichkeiten der Frauen erschließen sich spannende Einsichten in das wirtschaftlich aufstrebende China und den damit einhergehenden sozialen Wandel von Geschlechterverhältnissen.

Web 2.0 Dienste als Ergänzung zu algorithmischen Suchmaschinen

CERN Document Server

Deutschland. Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie; Maas, Christian

2008-01-01

Dokumentiert die Ergebnisse des Fachprojekts "Einbingung von Frage-Antwort-Diensten in die Web-Suche", Wintersemester 2007/2008, Dept. Information, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg. Mit sozialen Suchdiensten - wie z.B. Yahoo Clever, Lycos iQ oder Mister Wong - ist eine Ergänzung zu den bisherigen Ansätzen in der Web-Suche entstanden. Während Google und Co. automatisch generierte Trefferlisten bieten, binden soziale Suchdienste die Anwender zur Generierung der Suchergebnisse in den Suchprozess ein. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in diesem Buch der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit soziale Suchdienste mit traditionellen Suchmaschinen konkurrieren oder diese qualitativ ergänzen können. Der vorliegende Band beleuchtet die hier aufgeworfene Fragestellung aus verschiedenen Perspektiven, um auf die Bedeutung von sozialen Suchdiensten zu schließen.

Mehr als 1500 Jahre homoerotische Literatur auf der Iberischen Halbinsel A Survey of over 1500 Years of Gay and Lesbian Literature in Spain and Portugal

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Guido Müller

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Mit diesem Buch wird ein kaum bekanntes Kapitel der spanischen und portugiesischen Literaturgeschichte aufgeschlagen. Es macht die sozialen und kulturellen Veränderungen des Lebens von schwulen und lesbischen Menschen auf der iberischen Halbinsel im Spiegel der Literatur und durch lebendige Autor/-innenportraits deutlich. Dabei werden nicht nur die deutlichen positiven Veränderungen der letzten 30 Jahre thematisiert, sondern eine fesselnde historische Perspektive zahlreicher Facetten homoerotischer Literatur bis zurück in die andalusische Literatur des Mittelalters aufgezeigt.This book tackles a rarely known chapter in Spanish and Portuguese history of literature. The articles in the anthology document the social and cultural changes in gay and lesbian life on the Iberian peninsula as portrayed in literature. The articles do not only talk about the positive changes brought about by the queer liberation movement during the last thirty years, but offer a fascinating historical perspective on queer writing and queer life ranging from medieval Andalusian literature to present day fiction.

Im Dickicht der Städte In the Jungle of the Cities

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Jens E. Sennewald

2003-11-01

Full Text Available Der Reader ist aus der Internationalen Frauenuniversität 2000 entstanden und versammelt Beiträge zum Entwurf einer lebenswerteren Stadt. Er stellt die Geschichte der Geschlechter-Diskussion und die Probleme dar, die das urbane Leben speziell bezüglich der sozialen Rollenverteilung der Geschlechter bereithält. Man gewinnt einen Überblick über die Entstehung und aktuelle Facetten der Relation des Dispositivs „Stadt“ zur Geschlechter-Prägung. Tatsächlich steht allerdings der „Discourse on Women, Urbanism and Architecture“ im Mittelpunkt. Neuere Positionen zum problematischen „Gender“-Begriff und zur Frage nach dem Subjekt der Macht werden zwar referiert, aber nicht weitreichender in die kritischen Beiträge eingearbeitet. Eher Antworten auf akute soziale Probleme suchend als theoretische Entwürfe fortführend, bieten sie informative Denkanstöße für die Entwicklung einer nachhaltig gerechteren Stadt.The essays collected in this volume arise from the International Women’s University in 2000. Its contributions discuss conceptions of a city worth living in. Apart from describing the history of gender debates concerned with the city, the essays centre particularly around problems that urban life creates with regard to the division of social gender roles. The book shows the development and the different faces of a gender encoded city. However, despite expectations raised by the title, the book focuses on discourses on women, urbanism and architecture more than on gender. The contributors do refer to recent theories on gender and the “empowered subject”, but fail to integrate them into their actual analyses. Looking more for answers to severe social problems than to develop new theoretical questions, the book does nonetheless provide some good ideas for a sustainably fair city.

Review: Christian Thiel (2011. Das "bessere" Geld: Eine ethnographische Studie über Regionalwährungen

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Rolf F.H. Schröder

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Seit einigen Jahren zirkulieren in verschiedenen Teilen Deutschlands Regionalwährungen. Die Initiatoren dieser Projekte sehen in diesen Ergänzungen zum etablierten Euro einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Lösung der sozialen und ökologischen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit. Die Dissertationsschrift von Christian THIEL offeriert einen Blick hinter die Kulissen und fragt in ihrer systematischen Analyse nach den Triebfedern dieser sozialen Bewegung sowie ihren Erfolgschancen. Der Autor hat sein Forschungsprogramm vor dem Hintergrund eines sich wandelnden Grundverständnisses zum Thema Geld entwickelt. Dabei stützt er sich vor allem auf die theoretischen Reflexionen von Viviana ZELIZER. Mittels teilhabender Beobachtung, Interviews sowie der Auswertung von Materialien entwickelt er ein detailliertes Bild von den Regionalwährungen. Die Darstellung dieser Bewegung auf der Bundesebene wird ergänzt durch eine Fallstudie zum Chiemgauer, der bedeutendsten Einrichtung dieser Art. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1203158

Zur Konzeption kritischer Stadtforschung. Ansätze jenseits einer Eigenlogik der Städte

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Jan Kemper

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Kritische Stadtforschung dient in Gestalt der „kritischen Stadtsoziologie“ gegenwärtig als Negativfolie für jene Stadtforschungsperspektive, die mit dem Postulat einer „Eigenlogik der Städte“ (EdS antritt. Eine (Selbst-Verständigung über konzeptionelle Grundlagen und forschungsstrategische Absichten einer kritischen Stadtforschung dagegen gibt es kaum. Ausgehend von dieser Beobachtung ist es das Ziel dieses Beitrags, zu einer Konturierung kritischer Stadtforschung beizutragen. Dafür skizzieren wir zunächst Eckpunkte der EdS-Perspektive. Anschließend wird ein Blick zurück auf den Klassiker Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England (1845 von Friedrich Engels geworfen. Daran verdeutlichen wir drei Schritte in der Etablierung einer kritischen Haltung in der Stadtforschung: die Berücksichtigung der historisch-sozialen Voraussetzungen für gegenwärtige Stadtentwicklungsprozesse, die Analyse der städtischen Raum- und Sozialverhältnisse als krisen- und konfliktvermittelte und deshalb als dynamische Verhältnisse sowie die Konzeptionierung dieser Verhältnisse als veränderbar. An drei wiederkehrenden Diskussionsfeldern sozialwissenschaftlicher Stadtforschung schließlich verfolgen wir, wie einerseits die EdS-Perspektive sich dieser Themen annimmt und wie andererseits eine kritische Haltung im Umgang mit diesen Themen eingenommen werden kann. Für eine kritische Stadtforschung schlagen wir vor, (a „Stadt“ nicht als dauerhaft definiert und nicht als erklärend für sozialräumliche Verhältnisse zu begreifen, (b auch Städte als Räume zu konzipieren, die sich im gegenseitigen Wechselverhältnis mit Gesellschaft konstituieren, (c mit einem Konzept von Differenz, das Unterschiede sozial erklärt, zu arbeiten, wenn Städte als einzigartig erlebte Orte analysiert werden sollen.

Zur wirtschaftlichen Situation georgischer Landwirtschaftsbetriebe

OpenAIRE

Schulze, Eberhard; Tillack, Peter; Mosashwili, Nodar

2003-01-01

Dieser Forschungsbericht beinhaltet die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung von 200 Familienbetrieben im Osten Georgiens im Distrikt Sighnagi in der Kakheti-Region Ende 2001/Anfang 2002. Sie dienten dem Ziel, Erkenntnisse über die wirtschaftliche Situation georgischer Familienbetriebe sowie zum Teil der sozialen Situation in Bauernfamilien nach zehn Jahren Transformationsprozess in der Landwirtschaft zu gewinnen. Die Untersuchungen schlossen die Befragung der Betriebsleiter nach dem Alter, der Daue...

Ansätze der Familienfreundlichkeit an der Medizinischen Fakultät Tübingen (MFT [Approaches to family-friendliness at the Medical Faculty of Tübingen (MFT

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Holderried, Friederike

2012-04-01

Full Text Available [english] The feminization of the medical profession, demographic change with an impending shortage of physicians, Generation Y - these issues are new challenges for medical schools in terms of their social responsibility and the training of the next generation of highly qualified scientists. This study, conducted by the University Hospital of Ulm throughout Baden-Württemberg via an online survey provides a valuable data basis which can be used to optimise support activities.A disproportionately high percentage of students with children in Tübingen must, as an additional challenge, cope with a lower than average monthly income. Students with children need organisational support in this doubly challenging situation. The Dean's Office can provide valuable assistance as an advocate (contact with the departments/institutions, provide organisational help (course guidance, individual support and infrastructure (childcare/changing rooms, etc.. In Tübingen, high intrinsic motivation (willingness to engage in self-managed care networks is also found amongst students, something that needs to be integrated into the development of the existing support networks.[german] Die Feminisierung des Arztberufes, der demographische Wandel mit drohendem Ärztemangel, Generation Y – diese Themen stellen die Medizinischen Fakultäten in Hinblick auf ihren sozialen Auftrag der Ausbildung eines hochqualifizierten wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses vor neue Herausforderungen. Die durch das Universitätsklinikum Ulm durchgeführte Baden-Württemberg-weite Online- Befragung liefert eine wertvolle Datengrundlage, welche zur Optimierung der unterstützenden Tätigkeiten herangezogen werden kann.Der überproportional hohe Anteil der Studierenden mit Kind in Tübingen muss als zusätzliche Herausforderung mit einem durchschnittlich niedrigerem monatlichen Einkommen zurechtkommen. Die Studierenden mit Kind benötigen in dieser Doppelbelastung organisatorische Unterst

Globale Geschlechter und die Grenzen der Überschreitung Global Genders and Boundaries of Transgression

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Silvia Bauer

2004-07-01

Full Text Available Gender Crossing, die Überschreitung der hegemonialen Geschlechterstereotypen und insbesondere die Übertretung der jeweils zugeschriebenen sozialen, erotischen und physiologischen Geschlechtsrolle ist Gegenstand der lesenswerten und konzisen Studie der Frankfurter Ethnologin Susanne Schröter. Die Autorin schlägt dabei den Bogen nicht nur von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, sondern auch rund um den Globus und setzt sich mit den vielfältigen Ansätzen (dekonstruktivistischer Geschlechterforschung und feministischer Identitätspolitik kritisch auseinander. Dabei zeigt sie gegen die Vorstellung von alternativen Geschlechtermodellen in außereuropäischen Kulturen, dass die Konstruktion von Geschlecht als binärer Kategorie offensichtlich universal ist. Gleichzeitig bestehe in allen Kulturen jedoch die Möglichkeit, „sich im Rahmen einer Außenseiterposition über festgelegte Geschlechtsrollen hinwegzusetzen“ (S. 219.Gender crossing, the transgression of hegemonic gender stereotypes and especially the violation of each attributed social, erotic and physiological gender role, is the subject of this worthwhile and concise study of the Frankfurt ethnologist Susanne Schröter. The author’s study not only spans from antiquity to the present, but also around the globe. The diverse methods of (deconstructivist gender research and feminist identity politics are also addressed. Against the notion of alternative gender models in non-European cultures, she hereby illustrates that the construction of gender as a binary category is evidently universal. At the same time, Schröter asserts that in all cultures the possibility exists “within the framework of an outsider position to disregard established gender roles” (p. 219.

Alles muss man selber machen. Multi-Layer-Organizing für eine soziale Wohnraumversorgung in Berlin

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Kotti & Co

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Kotti & Co protestieren seit 2011 gegen Mieterhöhungen im sozialen Wohnungsbau am Kottbusser Tor, Berlin Kreuzberg. Seitdem haben sie mit einem Gecekondu ihren eigenen Vorplatz besetzt, zahlreiche Lärmdemonstrationen veranstaltet, Expertise organisiert und selbst erworben, lokale und stadtweite Kampagnen initiiert, sich stadtweit und international vernetzt und gemeinsam mit anderen ein eigenes Gesetz zur Umstrukturierung der sozialen Wohnraumversorgung geschrieben. All diese Aktivitäten basieren auf dem Zusammenkommen als Mieter_innen, die wollen, dass ihre Miete sinkt, dass Familien, Freund_innen und Nachbar_innen am Kotti wohnen bleiben können und dass die rassistische Ausgrenzung vieler der Nachbar_innen endlich aufhört.

Rezension zu: Torsten Linke: Sexualität und Familie. Möglichkeiten sexueller Bildung im Rahmen erzieherischer Hilfen. Gießen: Psychosozial Verlag 2015.

OpenAIRE

Marie Springborn

2015-01-01

Im ersten Band der Reihe „Angewandte Sexualwissenschaft“ führt Torsten Linke in theoretische Grundlagen und Termini der sexuellen Bildung in der Sozialen Arbeit ein, analysiert Ergebnisse der Studie „PARTNER 4 - Jugendsexualität 2013“ und liefert Ansätze für die praktische Arbeit im Bereich der sexuellen Bildung und Beratung. Der analytische Fokus liegt dabei auf der Sozialisationsinstanz Familie, die in der psychosexuellen Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen westlicher Gesellschaften, b...

China - Nicht alles Gold, was glänzt!

OpenAIRE

Kolle, Christian

2008-01-01

Anlässlich der XXIX. olympischen Sommerspiele in Peking beschäftigt sich die August-Ausgabe der Recherche Spezial mit den zahlreichen sozialwissenschaftlichen Aspekten und Facetten, die der bevölkerungsreichste Staat der Erde zu bieten hat. Der rasante Aufstieg zur Wirtschaftsmacht innerhalb von nur drei Jahrzehnten hat dem chinesischen Staat zwar internationale Anerkennung gepaart mit ängstlicher Ehrfurcht beschert, ist aber gleichzeitig auch Ursprung einer Reihe von sozialen Problemen i...

Jungen als Verlierer? Die Diskussion um die Benachteiligung von Jungen in der Schule

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hilde von Balluseck

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Die im Vergleich zu den Mädchen schlechteren Schulleistungen von Jungen werden in der öffentlichen Diskussion häufig dem weiblichen Geschlecht von pädagogischen Fachkräften angelastet. Das Leistungs- und Sozialverhalten der meisten Jungen ist jedoch weitaus stärker durch Männer- und Frauenbilder in ihrem sozialen Umfeld bedingt. Wenn diese sich an hegemonialen Vorstellungen von Männlichkeit – gerade auch in der gesellschaftlich ohnmächtigen Unterschicht – orientieren, geraten Jungen in der Schule in einen Konflikt. Dieser wird verstärkt, wenn sie – statistisch häufiger als Mädchen – zu Hause geschlagen werden. Der im Vergleich zu Mädchen weitaus intensivere Konsum von Gewalt verherrlichenden Medien ist ein weiterer Faktor für die größere Schuldistanz von Jungen. Die pauschalisierende Annahme, das weniger angepasste Leistungsverhalten von Jungen stehe im direkten Zusammenhang mit dem weiblichen Geschlecht der Lehrkräfte, geht somit an den eigentlichen Problemen vorbei.In the public discussions about the relatively poor school achievements of boys as compared to girls, the female gender of the pedagogical specialists is often blamed. Most of the boys’ social performance and attitude toward achievement is, however, conditioned through images of men and women in their immediate social surroundings. Boys often find themselves in conflict at school when these images are oriented toward hegemonic conceptions of masculinity, in particular when found in the socially powerless underclass. This conflict is heightened when the boys are abused at home, statistically more likely to happen than in the case of girls. Another factor for the boys’ greater distancing from schools is their higher consumption of media forms that glorify violence. The trivializing assumption that the poorer achievements of boys are directly related to the female gender of the teachers thus ignores the true problems.

Über die normativen Implikationen des Ordoliberalismus für die moderne Wirtschaftsethik

OpenAIRE

Klump, Rainer; Wörsdörfer, Manuel

2009-01-01

"Bei der Rezeption der ordoliberalen Freiburger Schule wurde bislang die wirtschaftsethische Perspektive weitgehend vernachlässigt. Der Aufsatz gibt vertiefte Einblicke in das ethisch-normative Denken des Ordoliberalismus am Beispiel des Werkes von Walter Eucken. Dabei wird es neben der Bestimmung der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft als funktionsfähige und menschenwürdige Ordnung um Euckens an Kant angelehntes Freiheitsverständnis gehen sowie um eine Einordnung Euckens in die moderne Wirtschafts- un...

Mobilitätsbiografie und Netzwerkgeografie. Kontaktmobilität in ego-zentrierten Netzwerken

OpenAIRE

Ohnmacht, Timo

2009-01-01

Vor dem Hintergrund der erkennbaren zunehmenden Mobilisierung sozialer Akteure – sowohl im kurzfristigen Alltag als auch bei längerfristigen Standortentscheidungen – stieg in jüngster Vergangenheit das Interesse der Sozialwissenschaften an der räumlichen Mobilität sozialer Akteure und den daraus resultierenden Auswirkungen auf die sozialen Prozesse der Vergemeinschaftung. Auf diesem Forschungsgebiet aufbauend steht in dieser Arbeit die Wechselwirkung von Raum, Mobilität und soz...

Armut im Wohlstand: Zunehmende soziale Disparitäten in Singapur [Poverty in a State of Wealth: Social Disparities in the City-State of Singapore

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Rolf Jordan

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Der folgende Beitrag zeigt, ausgehend von der aktuellen sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Situation,wichtige Aspekte sozialer Ungleichheit in Singapur auf und diskutiert die seit Jahren sich verschärfenden Einkommensdisparitäten vor dem Hintergrund der nur unzureichend entwickelten sozialstaatlichen Strukturen. Die Argumentation wird dabei von der These geleitet, dass die fehlende oder nur mangelhafte soziale Unterstützung wesentlich zu den sozialen Problemen eines wachsenden Teils der Bevölkerung in dem von großem Wohlstand geprägten Stadtstaat beitragen und ein Ausbau sozialstaatlicher Strukturen eine Voraussetzung darstellen sowohl für die Lösung der aktuellen sozialen Probleme als auch für eine längst überfällige Demokratisierung Singapurs. ----- Singapore is the wealthiest nation in South-East Asia today. But behind its high-rise buildings and modern shopping malls rising social disparities and a growing number of poor households cast a shadow on an otherwise successful economic development. Shrinking incomes and rising prices for housing and energy have increased the number of those who are struggling life in one of the most expensive cities in Pacific Asia. The situation is further complicated by a just rudimentary social security system that is not adequately designed for the needs of poor households. The following paper gives a brief insight into the current state of economic and social development in Singapore and its impact on the social fabric of the Singapore society. The lack of an adequately structured social security system for those households and the lower end of the income strata in general contribute most to the rising social disparities is what characterises Singapore’s social development today.

ISOE-Newsletter / Institut für sozial-ökologische Forschung. 2010, 1

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Institut für Sozial-Ökologische Forschung

2010-01-01

ENEF-Haus: Hausbesitzer sanieren nur zögerlich ++ Vortrag zur Sozialen Ökologie ++ CuveWaters: Regenwassersammlungsanlagen in Namibia fertig ++ Konferenz „Sustainable Pharmacy“ ++ Marktforschung: „Smart Home“ ++ Evaluation der Kampagne „Gut beraten starten“ ++ Intelliekon: Nutzer schätzen Stromfeedback ++ Future Fleet: Prototyp der Strom-Zapfsäulen ++ Termine ++ Publikationen

Erinnerungsskizzen

OpenAIRE

Lee, Karen V.

2008-01-01

Im Zentrum der im Folgenden präsentierten Autoethnografie (BARONE 2003; SLATTERY 2001) steht ein emotionaler Umbruch, der einem einwöchigen Campingurlaub meiner Tochter mit deren Vater und einem damit einhergehenden persönlichen und sozialen Verlusterleben folgte. In meiner Autobiografie versuche ich zu reflektieren, wie ich zugleich in einer Kultur der Unabhängigkeit und der Abhängigkeit lebte. Wichtig in diesem Prozess waren die Skizzenmappen meiner Tochter: ihre Zeichnungen wiederanzusehen...

A Sketchbook of Memories

OpenAIRE

Lee, Karen V.

2008-01-01

Im Zentrum der im Folgenden präsentierten Autoethnografie (BARONE 2003; SLATTERY 2001) steht ein emotionaler Umbruch, der einem einwöchigen Campingurlaub meiner Tochter mit deren Vater und einem damit einhergehenden persönlichen und sozialen Verlusterleben folgte. In meiner Autobiografie versuche ich zu reflektieren, wie ich zugleich in einer Kultur der Unabhängigkeit und der Abhängigkeit lebte. Wichtig in diesem Prozess waren die Skizzenmappen meiner Tochter: ihre Zeichnungen wiederanzusehen...

Advanced Psychotherapy Training: Psychotherapy Scholars' Track, and the Apprenticeship Model

Science.gov (United States)

Feinstein, Robert E.; Yager, Joel

2013-01-01

Background/Objective: Guided by ACGME's requirements, psychiatric residency training in psychotherapy currently focuses on teaching school-specific forms of psychotherapy (i.e., cognitive-behavioral, supportive, and psychodynamic psychotherapy). On the basis of a literature review of common factors affecting psychotherapy outcomes and…

Soziale Interaktion, Lebensqualität und Krankheitsverarbeitung bei Akne-Patienten : Fall-Kontroll-Studie mit 32 Akne-Patienten und einer parallelisierten Gruppe Gesunder

OpenAIRE

Dittmer, Julia Gesine Erdmute

2015-01-01

Hintergrund Acne vulgaris ist mehr als ein vorübergehendes Pubertätsproblem: Sie kann schwere psychische Folgeerscheinungen verursachen. Fragestellung In der vorliegenden zweiarmigen Studie sollten Erkenntnisse zu sozialer Interaktion, Lebensqualität und Krankheitsverarbeitung von Akne-Patienten im Vergleich zu einer gesunden Kontrollgruppe gewonnen werden. Besonderes Interesse galt dabei der sozialen Interaktionsangst und dem Affekt Ekel. Ferner wurde die Entwicklung der genannten P...

Integrative psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kozarić-Kovacić, Dragica

2008-09-01

The main purposes of the article are to present the history of integration in psychotherapy, the reasons of the development integrative approaches, and the approaches to integration in psychotherapy. Three approaches to integration in psychotherapy exist: theoretical integration, theoretical eclecticism, and common factors in different psychotherapeutic trends. In integrative psychotherapy, the basic epistemology, theory, and clinical practice are based on the phenomenology, field theory, holism, dialogue, and co-creation of dialogue in the therapeutic relationship. The main criticism is that integrative psychotherapy suffers from confusion and many unresolved controversies. It is difficult to theoretically and methodologically define the clinically applied model that is based on such a different epistemological and theoretical presumptions. Integrative psychotherapy is a synthesis of humanistic psychotherapy, object relations theory, and psychoanalytical self psychology. It focuses on the dynamics and potentials of human relationships, with a goal of changing the relations and understanding internal and external resistances. The process of integrative psychotherapy is primarily focused on the developmental-relational model and co-creation of psychotherapeutic relationship as a single interactive event, which is not unilateral, but rather a joint endeavor by both the therapist and the patient/client. The need for a relationship is an important human need and represents a process of attunement that occurs as a response to the need for a relationship, a unique interpersonal contact between two people. If this need is not met, it manifests with the different feelings and various defenses. To meet this need, we need to have another person with whom we can establish a sensitive, attuned relationship. Thus, the therapist becomes this person who tries to supplement what the person did not receive. Neuroscience can be a source of integration through different therapies. We

Anerkennung und soziale Ungleichheit Acceptance and Social Inequality

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Annegret Ergenzinger

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Vor dem Hintergrund der Honneth’schen Stufentheorie der Anerkennung (von der Liebe in den Paar- und Nahbeziehungen über Achtung als Gleiche in den rechtlichen Bezügen des Staates, bis hin zur sozialen Wertschätzung von Leistung in der Wertegemeinschaft werden Anerkennung und Ungleichheit in Paarbeziehungen, Arbeitsorganisationen und im Sozialstaat empirisch und/oder analytisch im vorliegenden Sammelband untersucht. Empirische und theoretische Studien zeigen, dass die Kategorie Anerkennung in der sozialen Ungleichheitsforschung neue Erkenntnisse möglich macht. Dies gilt jedoch auch umgekehrt: Die Einbeziehung von weiteren historisch-kulturell eingebetteten Kategorien der Ungleichheit kontextualisieren und differenzieren die Theorie der Anerkennung.The collected volume empirically and/or analytically examines recognition and inequality in couples, the organization of work, and the social state against the background of Honneth’s theory of stages of recognition (from love in couples or intimate relationships, to equal respect in legal references to the state, to the social valuation of achievement in a society that measures worth. Empirical and theoretical studies show that the category of recognition in social inequality research makes new insights possible. This can also be applied in the reverse: The inclusion of further categories of inequality imbedded in history and culture contextualize and differentiate the theory of recognition.

Changing life styles - changing competencies : Turkish migrant youth in Europe

OpenAIRE

Kagitcibasi, Cigdem

2010-01-01

"Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Misere der türkischen jugendlichen Migranten in Europa unter dem Gesichtspunkt, dass Migration auch sozialen Wandel darstellt indem sich Lebensstile verändern, die neue Kompetenzen erforderlich machen. Damit jugendliche Migranten einen Gewinn statt einer Last für die Aufnahmegesellschaften darstellen ist eine volle Integration unumgänglich. Diese beinhaltet die Förderung von kognitiven Kompetenzen und der psychosozialen Entwicklung auch im Hinblick auf...

Content Management von Leittexten mit XML Topic Maps

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johannes Busse

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Die Autoren definieren den Umgang mit internet- basierten Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien als Schlüsselqualifikation für Studierende aller Fachrichtungen. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz beschreiben sie ein Projekt, das der Fachbereich Erziehungswissenschaften der Universität Heidelberg seit 2001 durchführt. Hier werden Studierende der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften zu "Lernberatern" ausgebildet, die als Multiplikatoren die notwendigen Kenntnisse erwerben. Die Teilnehmenden erarbeiten nach der "Leittextmethode" selbstgesteuert xml-basierte Contents. Dies setzt den Erwerb von informationstechnischen Kenntnissen voraus, der neben dem Aufbau eines (sowohl technischen als auch sozialen Netzwerks einen Schwerpunkt bildet.

Integrative Psychotherapy ‘Revisited’

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Marye O’Reilly-Knapp

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This article revisits aspects of the theory and methods of Integrative Psychotherapy as written and discussed by Richard G. Erskine, PhD and others. A case study demonstrates the use of Integrative Psychotherapy as the basis for therapeutic interventions that allow the client to interpret early experiences of relational failures, via a relationally based psychotherapy. Revisiting the theory and methods of Integrative Psychotherapy served to further validate the core of IP and its value as a cohesive and comprehensive psychotherapy.

Computerspielgewalt und Aggression: Längsschnittliche Untersuchung von Selektions- und Wirkungseffekten

OpenAIRE

Staude-Müller, Frithjof

2011-01-01

Auf Grundlage sozialkognitiver Aggressionsmodelle wurde die Beziehung zwischen Computerspielgewohnheiten und der Aggressionsneigung sowie Verzerrungen in der sozialen Informationsverarbeitung untersucht. Dazu wurden 499 Schüler/innen weiterführender Schulen (6.-8. Kl. Gymnasium, Haupt- und Realschule) in zwei Erhebungen mit einem Intervall von einem Jahr befragt. Mit hierarchischen Regressionsanalysen wurden Wirkungs- und Selektionseffekte geprüft, wobei relevante Drittvariablen (Monitoring u...

Darwinische Kulturtheorie - Evolutionistische und "evolutionistische`` Theorien sozialen Wandels

Science.gov (United States)

Antweiler, Christoph

Evolutionistische Argumentationen außerhalb der Biologie sind weit verbreitet. Wenn sie vertreten werden, heißt das mitnichten, dass sie notwendigerweise von darwinischen Argumenten geprägt sind. Wenn man Evolution und Kultur aus explizit darwinischer Perspektive zusammen bringt, bedeutet das noch lange nicht unbedingt Soziobiologie. Und es bedeutet sicherlich nicht Sozialdarwinismus. Dieser Beitrag soll einen Überblick der so genannten evolutionären Ansätze bzw. evolutionistischen Ansätze zu menschlichen Gesellschaften bzw. Kulturen geben. Es soll gezeigt werden, was in den Ansätzen analytisch zu trennen ist und was synthetisch zusammen gehört. Mein Beitrag ist nicht wissenschaftsgeschichtlich angelegt, sondern systematisch ausgerichtet und hat zwei Schwerpunkte (Antweiler 2008; Antweiler 2009b). Zum einen geht es um kausale Zusammenhänge von organischer Evolution und gesellschaftlichem Wandel. Auf der anderen Seite werden Analogien zwischen biotischer und kultureller Evolution erläutert, die als spezifische Ähnlichkeiten dieser beiden als grundsätzlich verschieden gesehenen Prozesse aufgefasst werden. Dadurch wird die Frage aufgeworfen, ob die Evolution von Organismen einerseits und die Transformation von Gesellschaften bzw. Kulturen andererseits, spezielle Fälle eines allgemeinen Modells von Evolution darstellen.

[Inpatient psychotherapy].

Science.gov (United States)

Spitzer, C; Rullkötter, N; Dally, A

2016-01-01

In German-speaking countries inpatient psychotherapy plays a major role in the mental healthcare system. Due to its characteristic features, i. e. multiprofessionalism, multimodality and method integration, the inpatient approach represents a unique and independent type of psychotherapy. In order to be helpful, the manifold verbal and non-verbal methods need to be embedded into an overall treatment plan. Additionally, the therapeutic milieu of the hospital represents an important effective factor and its organization requires a more active construction. The indications for inpatient psychotherapy are not only based on the mental disorder but also on illness, setting and healthcare system-related criteria. In integrative concepts, the multiprofessional team is a key component with many functions. The effectiveness of psychotherapeutic hospital treatment has been proven by meta-analysis studies; however, 20-30% of patients do not benefit from inpatient psychotherapy and almost 13% drop-out prematurely.

Die «ASEAN-Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft»

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Juego, Bonn

2014-01-01

Seit dem Ende der 1990er-Jahre verfolgt die ASEAN die Vision einer politischen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Gemeinschaft. Doch wie realistisch ist die Umsetzung eines solch ambitionierten Vorhabens vor dem Hintergrund der enormen Heterogenität der Region? ASEAN vereint Staaten auf...... Entwicklungsstufen, wie sie unterschiedlicher kaum sein können. Der Autor, Bonn Juego, nimmt die ASEAN Vision 2020 sowie die Debatten, die diesbezüglich in den einzelnen Ländern geführt werden, unter die Lupe. Er geht dem Potenzial des ASEANAnsatzes zu sozialer Teilhabe und wirtschaftlicher Verteilungsgerechtigkeit...

Integrative Psychotherapy ‘Revisited’

OpenAIRE

Marye O’Reilly-Knapp

2017-01-01

This article revisits aspects of the theory and methods of Integrative Psychotherapy as written and discussed by Richard G. Erskine, PhD and others. A case study demonstrates the use of Integrative Psychotherapy as the basis for therapeutic interventions that allow the client to interpret early experiences of relational failures, via a relationally based psychotherapy. Revisiting the theory and methods of Integrative Psychotherapy served to further validate the core of IP and its value as a ...

Psychotherapy in Contemporary Psychiatric Practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Hadjipavlou, George; Hernandez, Carlos A Sierra; Ogrodniczuk, John S

2015-06-01

American data suggest a declining trend in the provision of psychotherapy by psychiatrists. Nevertheless, the extent to which such findings generalize to psychiatric practice in other countries is unclear. We surveyed psychiatrists in British Columbia to examine whether the reported decline in psychotherapy provision extends to the landscape of Canadian psychiatric practice. A survey was mailed to the entire population of fully licensed psychiatrists registered in British Columbia (n = 623). The survey consisted of 30 items. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and psychotherapy practice patterns. Associations between variables were evaluated using nonparametric tests. A total of 423 psychiatrists returned the survey, yielding a response rate of 68%. Overall, 80.9% of psychiatrists (n = 342) reported practicing psychotherapy. A decline in the provision of psychotherapy was not observed; in fact, there was an increase in psychotherapy provision among psychiatrists entering practice in the last 10 years. Individual therapy was the predominant format used by psychiatrists. The most common primary theoretical orientation was psychodynamic (29.9%). Regarding actual practice, supportive psychotherapy was practiced most frequently. Professional time constraints were perceived as the most significant barrier to providing psychotherapy. The majority (85%) of clinicians did not view remuneration as a significant barrier to treating patients with psychotherapy. Our findings challenge the prevailing view that psychotherapy is in decline among psychiatrists. Psychiatrists in British Columbia continue to integrate psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in clinical practice, thus preserving their unique place in the spectrum of mental health services.

Psychotherapy in Contemporary Psychiatric Practice

Science.gov (United States)

Hadjipavlou, George; Hernandez, Carlos A Sierra; Ogrodniczuk, John S

2015-01-01

Objective: American data suggest a declining trend in the provision of psychotherapy by psychiatrists. Nevertheless, the extent to which such findings generalize to psychiatric practice in other countries is unclear. We surveyed psychiatrists in British Columbia to examine whether the reported decline in psychotherapy provision extends to the landscape of Canadian psychiatric practice. Method: A survey was mailed to the entire population of fully licensed psychiatrists registered in British Columbia (n = 623). The survey consisted of 30 items. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and psychotherapy practice patterns. Associations between variables were evaluated using nonparametric tests. Results: A total of 423 psychiatrists returned the survey, yielding a response rate of 68%. Overall, 80.9% of psychiatrists (n = 342) reported practicing psychotherapy. A decline in the provision of psychotherapy was not observed; in fact, there was an increase in psychotherapy provision among psychiatrists entering practice in the last 10 years. Individual therapy was the predominant format used by psychiatrists. The most common primary theoretical orientation was psychodynamic (29.9%). Regarding actual practice, supportive psychotherapy was practiced most frequently. Professional time constraints were perceived as the most significant barrier to providing psychotherapy. The majority (85%) of clinicians did not view remuneration as a significant barrier to treating patients with psychotherapy. Conclusions: Our findings challenge the prevailing view that psychotherapy is in decline among psychiatrists. Psychiatrists in British Columbia continue to integrate psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in clinical practice, thus preserving their unique place in the spectrum of mental health services. PMID:26175328

Gibt es geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede im Training bei älteren Personen?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vonbank K

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Die Lebenserwartung hat sich im vergangenen Jahrhundert in etwa verdoppelt. Zu den Faktoren, die die Lebenserwartung beeinflussen, zählen neben den sozialen Umweltfaktoren und der genetischen Veranlagung auch die Bewegung und Ernährung. Die mittlere Lebenserwartung der Frauen ist um durchschnittlich 4,2 Jahre länger als die der Männer. Training kann bis ins hohe Alter durchgeführt werden und führt neben einer Verbesserung der Lebenserwartung und der -qualität auch zu einer signifikanten Abnahme der Sturzhäufigkeit bei älteren Personen. In diesem Artikel sollen geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bezogen auf die Leistungsfähigkeit und das Training angesprochen werden.

Psychotherapy And Phenomenology

African Journals Online (AJOL)

denise

psychology and psychotherapy since its beginnings. ... accountability of psychological meaning are ... the whole of human being as entirely representative ..... approaches and range across the areas of personality psychology, psychotherapy, ...

Existentially informed HIV-related psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Farber, Eugene W

2009-09-01

This article describes an existentially informed approach to conducting psychotherapy with individuals living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Uses of existential concepts to guide a holistic conceptualization of the individual and illuminate core existential concerns and dilemmas in confronting HIV-related challenges are delineated. Applications of existential ideas regarding psychotherapy process and technique in HIV-related psychotherapy also are illustrated. It is concluded that existential psychotherapy offers a conceptual framework that is especially well suited to the work of psychotherapy with individuals living with HIV disease, although the approach has received only limited attention in the HIV-related psychotherapy literature. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychotherapy for cancer patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Chong Guan, Ng; Mohamed, Salina; Kian Tiah, Lai; Kar Mun, Teoh; Sulaiman, Ahmad Hatim; Zainal, Nor Zuraida

2016-07-01

Objective Psychotherapy is a common non-pharmacological approach to help cancer patients in their psychological distress. The benefit of psychotherapies was documented, but the types of psychotherapies proposed are varied. Given that the previous literature review was a decade ago and no quantitative analysis was done on this topic, we again critically and systematically reviewed all published trials on psychotherapy in cancer patients. Method We identified 17 clinical trials on six types of psychotherapy for cancer patients by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Result There were four trials involved adjunct psychological therapy which were included in quantitative analysis. Each trial demonstrated that psychotherapy improved the quality of life and coping in cancer patients. There was also a reduction in distress, anxiety, and depression after a psychological intervention. However, the number and quality of clinical trials for each type of psychotherapy were poor. The meta-analysis of the four trials involved adjunct psychological therapy showed no significant change in depression, with only significant short-term improvement in anxiety but not up to a year-the standardized mean differences were -0.37 (95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.57, -0.16) at 2 months, -0.21 (95% CI = -0.42, -0.01) at 4 months, and 0.03 (95 % CI = -0.19, 0.24) at 12 months. Conclusion The evidence on the efficacy of psychotherapy in cancer patients is unsatisfactory. There is a need for more rigorous and well-designed clinical trials on this topic.

Rezension zu: Torsten Linke: Sexualität und Familie. Möglichkeiten sexueller Bildung im Rahmen erzieherischer Hilfen. Gießen: Psychosozial Verlag 2015.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marie Springborn

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Im ersten Band der Reihe „Angewandte Sexualwissenschaft“ führt Torsten Linke in theoretische Grundlagen und Termini der sexuellen Bildung in der Sozialen Arbeit ein, analysiert Ergebnisse der Studie „PARTNER 4 - Jugendsexualität 2013“ und liefert Ansätze für die praktische Arbeit im Bereich der sexuellen Bildung und Beratung. Der analytische Fokus liegt dabei auf der Sozialisationsinstanz Familie, die in der psychosexuellen Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen westlicher Gesellschaften, bei zunehmender Digitalisierung und ausgedehnter Postadoleszenz, eine wichtige Rolle bei der Vermittlung von Sexualkultur einnimmt und in der, aus Sicht des Autors, unterschiedliche Wissenszugänge sowie Einstellungen auf Grund von Geschlecht(-erverhältnissen, sozioökonomischem Status und Migrationserfahrungen vorhanden seien.

Durch Athen auf Frankfurt blicken ‚Austerity Urbanism‘, Uneven Development und Alltäglichkeit – Reflektionen aus zwei Workshops

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felix Wiegand

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Aufbauend auf den Erfahrungen zweier Workshops zu (urbaner Austerität in Griechenland und Deutschland diskutiert der Beitrag die (unterschiedliche Geschichte und Geographie der Austerität mit besonderem Blick auf die Regionen Frankfurt/Rhein-Main und Athen. Die Erfahrungen der multiplen Krise seit 2008, die sich in Griechenland vor dem Hintergrund einer austeritätspolitischen ‚Shock Doctrine’ und in der BRD im Kontext eines langfristigen Projekts der ‚scheibchenweisen’ Austerität entwickelten, eröffnen dabei die Möglichkeit, die Debatten um urbane Austerität einem kritischen Blick zu unterziehen. Der Beitrag sieht insbesondere im Bereich der Krisen der (urbanen sozialen Reproduktion sowie der Krisen der (städtischen Politik und Repräsentation weiteren Forschungsbedarf.

Microfinance als Geflecht von Anreizproblemen

OpenAIRE

Schmidt, Reinhard H.; Tschach, Ingo E.

2001-01-01

Während sich die Entwicklungsfinanzierung in Theorie und Praxis generell mit dem Finanzwesen in Entwicklungs- und Transformationsländern befasst, steht im Teilgebiet der Microfinance die Frage im Vordergrund, wie in diesen Ländern der Zugang ärmerer Bevölkerungsgruppen und speziell von Klein- und Kleinstunternehmer(innen), Kleinbauern und sonstigen wirtschaftlich Selbständigen aus eher niedrigen sozialen Schichten zu Kredit und anderen Finanzdiensleistungen verbessert werden kann. Obwohl es e...

Island of Sylt. A partial project: social representations of developments in the nature and anthroposphere of Sylt with consideration of the global change. Final report; Fallstudie Sylt. Teilvorhaben: Soziale Repraesentationen von Entwicklungen in Natur- und Anthroposphaere auf Sylt vor dem Hintergrund globalen Wandels. Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linneweber, V; Hartmuth, G; Deising, S; Fritsche, I; Linneweber, A

2001-04-01

At the example of the potential dangers of future changes in the climate threatening the island of Sylt, the authors deal with the question of how global changes in the environment, their causes and effects and possible measures taken by local groups to prevent them can be perceived and assessed in the context of general developments. To do this, 70 key persons of the ''Sylt social system'' who had been selected systematically were questioned at two different times in semi-structured, open interviews. The minutes of the interviews were categorized and evaluated quantitatively, analysing their contents. The goal was to find out the social representations of possible changes in the climate and to prove that these mental models are group-specific. It was found that to the persons questioned, tourism industry and construction activities on the island were far more important subjects than changes in the climate or the subject of protecting the shores. Climate changes were referred to with relation to their effects which were seen in connection with natural events. As far as causes were concerned, traffic turned out to be very important to the persons questioned. As for the measures, preventing changes in the climate was found to be more important than adapting to its consequences. Differences in the social representation of the groups mainly corresponded with the subjects focussed on and the interests of each group. As a supplement to the interview study, 54 tourists were interviewed regarding various aspects of the main study with a standardized questionnaire. [German] Am Beispiel der moeglichen Bedrohung Sylts durch zukuenftige Klimaaenderungen wird untersucht, wie globale Umweltveraenderungen, deren Ursachen und Auswirkungen sowie moegliche Gegenmassnahmen von lokalen Akteursgruppen im Kontext allgemeiner Entwicklungen wahrgenommen und bewertet werden. Dazu wurden 70 systematisch ausgewaehlte Schluesselpersonen des 'sozialen Systems Sylt' zu zwei

Interkulturelle Kompetenz in der Facharztausbildung von Psychiatern in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Umfrage [Intercultural competence in the psychiatric training curriculum in Germany: Results of a survey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Machleidt, Wielant

2008-08-01

Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie in Deutschland. Methodik: Es wurde ein semistrukturierter Fragebogen mit 30 Fragen (davon 28 strukturiert, 2 mit Freitextangaben entwickelt, der sich an den „Local Survey of Realities in Transcultural Psychiatry“ der (APA anlehnt und für Deutschland modifiziert wurde. Dieser wurde an die Leiter aller psychiatrischen Weiterbildungsinstitutionen in Deutschland verschickt (n=450. Als psychiatrische Weiterbildungsinstitutionen wurden diejenigen klinischen Einrichtungen definiert, deren Leiter über eine Ermächtigung zur Facharztweiterbildung durch die Landesärztekammern verfügen. Der Rücklauf erfolgte nicht anonymisiert. Ergebnisse: Die Rücklaufquote betrug 25,5% (Gesamt-N=114. In 71,7% der Weiterbildungsinstitutionen (n=81/113 gültige Fälle wurden in der klinikinternen Weiterbildung Themen aus dem Gebiet der transkulturellen Psychiatrie selten oder gar nicht angesprochen. 83,3% der Weiterbildungsleiter (n=70/84 gültige Fälle formulierten Bedarf an Weiterbildung in transkultureller Psychiatrie für die jeweils eigene Institution, 94,5% (n=69/73 gültige Fälle sahen den Bedarf grundsätzlich auch für das Curriculum der Facharztausbildung in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Die am häufigsten genannten Themen betrafen eine allgemeine Schulung kultureller Kompetenz sowie kulturspezifische Aspekte seelischer Erkrankungen. Schlussfolgerungen: Im Rahmen der Weiterbildungsordnung zum Facharzt für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie sind aktuell in keinem Bundesland entsprechende Inhalte aus dem Bereich der transkulturellen Psychiatrie verankert. Angesichts des formulierten Bedarfs muss die Implementierung eines entsprechenden Curriculums in die Weiterbildungsordnung zum Facharzt für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie diskutiert werden.

Long-term perspectives of technical and social development in Germany. Visions for research and technology policy; Langfristige Perspektiven technischer und gesellschaftlicher Entwicklung in Deutschland. Visionen fuer die Forschungs- und Technologiepolitik

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baron, W; Zweck, A

1995-12-01

This publication contains six contributions discussing the medium- and long-term perspectives of technical, social and economic development in Germany. (UA) [Deutsch] Die vorliegende Publikation enthaelt 6 Vortraege, die sich mit mittel- und langfristigen Perspektiven der technischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung in Deutschland befassen. (UA)

Der menschliche Alltag - ein unverzichtbarer Bestandteil eines wissenschaftlichen Menschenbildes [Everyday life - a vital component of every scientific model of man

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Schmid-Tannwald, Ingolf

2008-02-01

naturwissenschaftlich "gesichert" erscheinen. Erst seit man die Bedeutung der zwischenmenschlichen (sozialen Wirklichkeit des Menschen erkannt und in einem wissenschaftlichen Modell der phänomenologischen Soziologie beschrieben hat, ist es möglich, einen sehr wesentlichen, wenn nicht gar den entscheidenden Unterschied im Werden und Wesen von Menschen und Tieren zu beschreiben. Es ist im eigentlichen Wortsinn lebensnotwendig, diesen Unterschied in der Ausbildung von Ärzten zu vermitteln. Mit Hilfe der allgemeinen Systemtheorie und der Semiotik besteht sogar die Möglichkeit, das natur- und das sozialwissenschaftliche Modell, die getrennt nebeneinander stehen, in einem umfassenderen wissenschaftlichen Systemmodell des Menschen zu integrieren.

Evidence-based Neuro Linguistic Psychotherapy: a meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Zaharia, Cătălin; Reiner, Melita; Schütz, Peter

2015-12-01

Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) Framework has enjoyed enormous popularity in the field of applied psychology. NLP has been used in business, education, law, medicine and psychotherapy to identify people's patterns and alter their responses to stimuli, so they are better able to regulate their environment and themselves. NLP looks at achieving goals, creating stable relationships, eliminating barriers such as fears and phobias, building self-confidence, and self-esteem, and achieving peak performance. Neuro Linguistic Psychotherapy (NLPt) encompasses NLP as framework and set of interventions in the treatment of individuals with different psychological and/or social problems. We aimed systematically to analyse the available data regarding the effectiveness of Neuro Linguistic Psychotherapy (NLPt). The present work is a meta-analysis of studies, observational or randomized controlled trials, for evaluating the efficacy of Neuro Linguistic Programming in individuals with different psychological and/or social problems. The databases searched to identify studies in English and German language: CENTRAL in the Cochrane Library; PubMed; ISI Web of Knowledge (include results also from Medline and the Web of Science); PsycINFO (including PsycARTICLES); Psyndex; Deutschsprachige Diplomarbeiten der Psychologie (database of theses in Psychology in German language), Social SciSearch; National library of health and two NLP-specific research databases: one from the NLP Community (http://www.nlp.de/cgi-bin/research/nlprdb.cgi?action=res_entries) and one from the NLP Group (http://www.nlpgrup.com/bilimselarastirmalar/bilimsel-arastirmalar-4.html#Zweig154). From a total number of 425 studies, 350 were removed and considered not relevant based on the title and abstract. Included, in the final analysis, are 12 studies with numbers of participants ranging between 12 and 115 subjects. The vast majority of studies were prospective observational. The actual paper represents the first

Neuroimaging for psychotherapy research: current trends.

Science.gov (United States)

Weingarten, Carol P; Strauman, Timothy J

2015-01-01

This article reviews neuroimaging studies that inform psychotherapy research. An introduction to neuroimaging methods is provided as background for the increasingly sophisticated breadth of methods and findings appearing in psychotherapy research. We compiled and assessed a comprehensive list of neuroimaging studies of psychotherapy outcome, along with selected examples of other types of studies that also are relevant to psychotherapy research. We emphasized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since it is the dominant neuroimaging modality in psychological research. We summarize findings from neuroimaging studies of psychotherapy outcome, including treatment for depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia. The increasing use of neuroimaging methods in the study of psychotherapy continues to refine our understanding of both outcome and process. We suggest possible directions for future neuroimaging studies in psychotherapy research.

Psychotherapy Training: Residents' Perceptions and Experiences.

Science.gov (United States)

Kovach, Jessica G; Dubin, William R; Combs, Christopher J

2015-10-01

This survey examined actual training hours in psychotherapy modalities as reported by residents, residents' perceptions of training needs, and residents' perceptions of the importance of different aspects of psychotherapy training. A brief, voluntary, anonymous, Internet-based survey was developed. All 14 program directors for Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accredited programs in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware provided email addresses for current categorical residents. The survey inquired about hours of time spent in various aspects of training, value assigned to aspects of training, residents' involvement in their own psychotherapy, and overall resident wellness. The survey was e-mailed to 328 residents. Of the 328 residents contacted, 133 (40.5%) responded. Median reported number of PGY 3 and 4 performed versus perceived ideal hours of supportive therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and psychodynamic therapy did not differ. Answers for clinical time utilizing these modalities ranged from "none or less than 1 h" per month to 20+ h per month. PGY 3 and 4 residents reported a median of "none or less than 1 h" per month performed of interpersonal, dialectical behavior therapy, couples/family/group, and child therapies but preferred more time using these therapies. Residents in all years of training preferred more hours of didactic instruction for all psychotherapies and for medication management. Residents ranked teaching modalities in the following order of importance: supervision, hours of psychotherapy performed, personal psychotherapy, readings, and didactic instruction. Residents engaged in their own psychotherapy were significantly more likely to rank the experiential aspects of psychotherapy training (personal psychotherapy, supervision, and hours performed) higher than residents not in psychotherapy. Current psychotherapy training for psychiatry residents is highly variable, but overall, residents want more

Rechtsgeschichte – Geschichte der Evolution eines sozialen Systems

OpenAIRE

Marie Theres Fögen

2002-01-01

1. Historiography is about the observation of changes. Even in a history of the moment, there has to be a before and an after. There is no history without event, without the difference perceived and described as "time". Legal history has to do with changes in the law. The law of some arbitrarily chosen point in time is examined and judged on the basis of what is new, what has changed, and what has remained the same. That has to be recognized and described before looking at the reasons why it ...

Behandlung von Essstörungen bei Jugendlichen aus Sicht der kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Klinik

OpenAIRE

Pfeiffer, Ernst; Hansen, Berit; Korte, Alexander; Lehmkuhl, Ulrike

2005-01-01

Der Beitrag stellt - im Sinne klinischer Leitlinien - die aktuelle Praxis einer auf die Behandlung von Essstörungen spezialisierten Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie dar. Die Notwendigkeit eines multimodalen Therapiekonzeptes wird betont, bestehend aus Maßnahmen zur Normalisierung von Gewicht und Essverhalten, Heilpädagogik, einzel-, gruppen- und familienbezogener Psychotherapie, ergänzt durch Körper-, Kunst- und Musiktherapie und ggf. Psychopharmakotherapie. Abschlie...

Rezension: Ursula Offenberger (2016. Geschlecht und Gemütlichkeit. Paarentscheidungen über das beheizte Zuhause

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Franz Breuer

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Ursula OFFENBERGER thematisiert in ihrer Monografie die Aushandlung der Installation von Heiztechnologie im familiären Eigenheim als Form der Herstellung von Zuhause und häuslicher Gemütlichkeit im Rahmen der Geschlechterbeziehung. Ihr empirischer Forschungsstil ist an der Grounded-Theory-Methodologie (GTM sowie der Situationsanalyse ausgerichtet. Es wird mit diesen Mitteln ein dichtes Netz von Handlungs- und Bedeutungsebenen im sozialen Mikro- und Makroradius herausgearbeitet, in dem ein profanes Problem wie das häusliche Heizen verortet ist. In dieser Besprechung werden einige methodologisch-methodische Knackpunkte der Untersuchung kritisch besprochen. Die Autorin findet interessante Lösungen für Darstellungs- und Modellbildungs-Probleme, die für GTM-Studien charakteristisch sind.

Early death and long life in history: establishing the scale of premature death in Europe and its cultural, economic and social significance

OpenAIRE

Lee, Robert

2009-01-01

'Bis zum späten 18. Jahrhundert und auch darüber hinaus war der vorzeitige Tod für die Menschen unabhängig von ihrem sozialen Status eher die Regel als die Ausnahme. Der vorzeitige Tod gab Anlass zu vielfältigen Diskussionen über seine ökonomische und soziale Bedeutung, über unterschiedliche, z.B. religiöse Deutungen und besondere Formen des Gedenkens, über seine kulturelle Repräsentation und politische Instrumentalisierung sowie die Rolle von Ärzten und anderen Berufsgruppen bei der Begrenzu...

Mixed methods in psychotherapy research: A review of method(ology) integration in psychotherapy science.

Science.gov (United States)

Bartholomew, Theodore T; Lockard, Allison J

2018-06-13

Mixed methods can foster depth and breadth in psychological research. However, its use remains in development in psychotherapy research. Our purpose was to review the use of mixed methods in psychotherapy research. Thirty-one studies were identified via the PRISMA systematic review method. Using Creswell & Plano Clark's typologies to identify design characteristics, we assessed each study for rigor and how each used mixed methods. Key features of mixed methods designs and these common patterns were identified: (a) integration of clients' perceptions via mixing; (b) understanding group psychotherapy; (c) integrating methods with cases and small samples; (d) analyzing clinical data as qualitative data; and (e) exploring cultural identities in psychotherapy through mixed methods. The review is discussed with respect to the value of integrating multiple data in single studies to enhance psychotherapy research. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ethical reflection and psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Vyskocilová, Jana; Prasko, Jan

2013-01-01

Theories of ethics and ethical reflection may be applied to both theory and practice in psychotherapy. There is a natural affinity between ethics and psychotherapy. Psychotherapy practice is concerned with human problems, dilemmas and emotions related to both one's own and other people's values. Ethics is also concerned with dilemmas in human thinking and with how these dilemmas reflect other individuals' values. Philosophical reflection itself is not a sufficient basis for the ethics of psychotherapy but it may aid in exploring attitudes related to psychotherapy, psychiatry and health care. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for articles containing the keywords "psychotherapy", "ethics", "therapeutic relationship" and "supervision". The search was conducted by repeating the terms in various combinations without language or time restrictions. Also included were data from monographs cited in reviews. The resulting text is a review with conclusions concerning ethical aspects of psychotherapy. The ability to behave altruistically, sense for justice and reciprocity and mutual help are likely to be genetically determined as dispositions to be later developed by upbringing or to be formed or deformed by upbringing. Early experiences lead to formation of ethical attitudes which are internalized and then applied to both one's own and other people's behavior. Altruistic behavior has a strong impact on an individual's health and its acceptance may positively influence the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying numerous diseases. Ethical theory and reflection, however, may be applied to both theory and practice of psychotherapy in a conscious, targeted and thoughtful manner. In everyday practice, psychotherapists and organizations must necessarily deal with conscious conflicts between therapeutic possibilities, clients' wishes, their own as well as clients' ideas and the real world. Understanding one's own motives in therapy is one of the aims of a

Group Psychotherapy in Italy.

Science.gov (United States)

Giannone, Francesca; Giordano, Cecilia; Di Blasi, Maria

2015-10-01

This article describes the history and the prevailing orientations of group psychotherapy in Italy (psychoanalytically oriented, psychodrama, CBT groups) and particularly group analysis. Provided free of charge by the Italian health system, group psychotherapy is growing, but its expansion is patchy. The main pathways of Italian training in the different group psychotherapy orientations are also presented. Clinical-theoretical elaboration on self development, psychopathology related to group experiences, and the methodological attention paid to objectives and methods in different clinical groups are issues related to group therapy in Italy. Difficulties in the relationship between research and clinical practice are discussed, as well as the empirical research network that tries to bridge the gap between research and clinical work in group psychotherapy. The economic crisis in Italy has led to massive cuts in health care and to an increasing demand for some forms of psychological treatment. For these reasons, and because of its positive cost-benefit ratio, group psychotherapy is now considered an important tool in the national health care system to expand the clinical response to different forms of psychological distress.

Psychotherapy of Mood Disorders

Science.gov (United States)

Picardi, Angelo; Gaetano, Paola

2014-01-01

In the last decades, psychotherapy has gained increasing acceptance as a major treatment option for mood disorders. Empirically supported treatments for major depression include cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), behavioural therapy and, to a lesser extent, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. Meta-analytic evidence suggests that psychotherapy has a significant and clinically relevant, though not large, effect on chronic forms of depression. Psychotherapy with chronic patients should take into account several important differences between patients with chronic and acute depression (identification with their depressive illness, more severe social skill deficits, persistent sense of hopelessness, need of more time to adapt to better circumstances). Regarding adolescent depression, the effectiveness of IPT and CBT is empirically supported. Adolescents require appropriate modifications of treatment (developmental approach to psychotherapy, involvement of parents in therapy). The combination of psychotherapy and medication has recently attracted substantial interest; the available evidence suggests that combined treatment has small but significant advantages over each treatment modality alone, and may have a protective effect against depression relapse or recurrence. Psychobiological models overcoming a rigid brain-mind dichotomy may help the clinician give patients a clear rationale for the combination of psychological and pharmacological treatment. In recent years, evidence has accumulated regarding the effectiveness of psychological therapies (CBT, family-focused therapy, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, psychoeducation) as an adjunct to medication in bipolar disorder. These therapies share several common elements and there is considerable overlap in their actual targets. Psychological interventions were found to be useful not only in the treatment of bipolar depressive episodes, but in all phases of the disorder. PMID

Psychotherapy Integration via Theoretical Unification

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Warren W. Tryon

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Meaningful psychotherapy integration requires theoretical unification because psychotherapists can only be expected to treat patients with the same diagnoses similarly if they understand these disorders similarly and if they agree on the mechanisms by which effective treatments work. Tryon (in press has proposed a transtheoretic transdiagnostic psychotherapy based on an Applied Psychological Science (APS clinical orientation, founded on a BioPsychology Network explanatory system that provides sufficient theoretical unification to support meaningful psychotherapy integration. That proposal focused mainly on making a neuroscience argument. This article makes a different argument for theoretical unification and consequently psychotherapy integration. The strength of theories of psychotherapy, like all theory, is to focus on certain topics, goals, and methods. But this strength is also a weakness because it can blind one to alternative perspectives and thereby promote unnecessary competition among therapies. This article provides a broader perspective based on learning and memory that is consistent with the behavioral, cognitive, cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, pharmacologic, and Existential/Humanistic/Experiential clinical orientations. It thereby provides a basis for meaningful psychotherapy integration.

Evidence-Based Psychotherapy: Advantages and Challenges.

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, Sarah C; Schwartz, Ann C; Kaslow, Nadine J

2017-07-01

Evidence-based psychotherapies have been shown to be efficacious and cost-effective for a wide range of psychiatric conditions. Psychiatric disorders are prevalent worldwide and associated with high rates of disease burden, as well as elevated rates of co-occurrence with medical disorders, which has led to an increased focus on the need for evidence-based psychotherapies. This chapter focuses on the current state of evidence-based psychotherapy. The strengths and challenges of evidence-based psychotherapy are discussed, as well as misperceptions regarding the approach that may discourage and limit its use. In addition, we review various factors associated with the optimal implementation and application of evidence-based psychotherapies. Lastly, suggestions are provided on ways to advance the evidence-based psychotherapy movement to become truly integrated into practice.

Mord, Selbstmord und Anomie : ein neuer Ansatz zur Operationalisierung und empirischen Anwendung des Anomiekonstruktes von Emile Durkheim

OpenAIRE

Mehlkop, Guido; Graeff, Peter

2006-01-01

Die Studie stützt sich auf Durkheims Anomietheorie, in der Mord- und Selbstmordraten als soziale Phänomene begriffen werden, die wiederum nur mit anderen sozialen Tatsachen zu erklären sind. Unter dieser soziologischen Perspektive interessiert also nicht das letztliche Motiv des Selbstmörders bzw. Mörders, sondern der Einfluss gesellschaftlicher Verhältnisse. Im Fokus dieser Analyse stehen variierende Mord- und Selbstmordraten zwischen Gesellschaften und über die Zeit hinweg. Verzichtet wird ...

Island of Sylt. A partial project: social representations of developments in the nature and anthroposphere of Sylt with consideration of the global change. Final report; Fallstudie Sylt. Teilvorhaben: Soziale Repraesentationen von Entwicklungen in Natur- und Anthroposphaere auf Sylt vor dem Hintergrund globalen Wandels. Schlussbericht

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linneweber, V.; Hartmuth, G.; Deising, S.; Fritsche, I.; Linneweber, A.

2001-04-01

At the example of the potential dangers of future changes in the climate threatening the island of Sylt, the authors deal with the question of how global changes in the environment, their causes and effects and possible measures taken by local groups to prevent them can be perceived and assessed in the context of general developments. To do this, 70 key persons of the ''Sylt social system'' who had been selected systematically were questioned at two different times in semi-structured, open interviews. The minutes of the interviews were categorized and evaluated quantitatively, analysing their contents. The goal was to find out the social representations of possible changes in the climate and to prove that these mental models are group-specific. It was found that to the persons questioned, tourism industry and construction activities on the island were far more important subjects than changes in the climate or the subject of protecting the shores. Climate changes were referred to with relation to their effects which were seen in connection with natural events. As far as causes were concerned, traffic turned out to be very important to the persons questioned. As for the measures, preventing changes in the climate was found to be more important than adapting to its consequences. Differences in the social representation of the groups mainly corresponded with the subjects focussed on and the interests of each group. As a supplement to the interview study, 54 tourists were interviewed regarding various aspects of the main study with a standardized questionnaire. [German] Am Beispiel der moeglichen Bedrohung Sylts durch zukuenftige Klimaaenderungen wird untersucht, wie globale Umweltveraenderungen, deren Ursachen und Auswirkungen sowie moegliche Gegenmassnahmen von lokalen Akteursgruppen im Kontext allgemeiner Entwicklungen wahrgenommen und bewertet werden. Dazu wurden 70 systematisch ausgewaehlte Schluesselpersonen des 'sozialen Systems Sylt

Introduction: attachment theory and psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Levy, Kenneth N

2013-11-01

In this introduction to the JCLP: In Session 69(11) issue on attachment theory and psychotherapy, the key points of attachment theory (Bowlby, , , 1981) and its relevance to psychotherapy are briefly described. The aim of this issue is to provide case illustrations of how an attachment theory perspective and principles can expand our understanding of psychotherapy practice. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Integration in psychotherapy: Reasons and challenges.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández-Álvarez, Héctor; Consoli, Andrés J; Gómez, Beatriz

2016-11-01

Although integration has been formally influencing the field of psychotherapy since the 1930s, its impact gained significant momentum during the 1980s. Practical, theoretical, and scientific reasons help to explain the growing influence of integration in psychotherapy. The field of psychotherapy is characterized by many challenges which integration may change into meaningful opportunities. Nonetheless, many obstacles remain when seeking to advance integration. To appreciate the strength of integration in psychotherapy we describe an integrative, comprehensive approach to service delivery, research, and training. We then discuss the role of integration in the future of psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Making Psychotherapy Great Again?

Science.gov (United States)

Plakun, Eric M

2017-05-01

Psychotherapy never stopped being as "great" as other treatments. This column explores the evidence base for both psychotherapy and medications, using depression as a specific example. The limitations are comparable for psychotherapy and medication, with much of the evidence based on small degrees of "statistically significant" rather than "clinically meaningful" change. Our field's biomedical emphasis leads to a false assumption that most patients present with single disorders, when comorbidity is the rule rather than the exception. This false assumption contributes to limitations in the evidence base and in our ability to treat patients optimally.

Interpersonal psychotherapy for anorexia nervosa.

Science.gov (United States)

McIntosh, V V; Bulik, C M; McKenzie, J M; Luty, S E; Jordan, J

2000-03-01

This paper outlines the rationale for treating individuals with anorexia nervosa using interpersonal psychotherapy. We review theoretical, empirical, and psychotherapy literature relating to interpersonal functioning in anorexia nervosa. Etiological theories emphasize interpersonal and family dysfunction in the development of anorexia nervosa. Research supports the notion that families of individuals with anorexia nervosa have dysfunctional patterns of communication. The history of treatment for anorexia nervosa emphasizes the need for resolution of interpersonal dysfunction, within the traditions of psychodynamic, family therapy, and multidimensional therapies. Interpersonal psychotherapy is a time-limited psychotherapy based on the notion that regardless of etiology, interpersonal relationships are intertwined with symptomatology. The goals of the therapy are to improve interpersonal functioning and thereby decrease symptomatology. Factors identified as important in the development of anorexia nervosa are readily conceptualized within the interpersonal psychotherapy problem areas of grief, interpersonal disputes, interpersonal deficits, and role transitions. Copyright 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Characteristics and experience of the patient in psychotherapy and the psychotherapy's effectiveness. A structural approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Szymańska, Agnieszka; Dobrenko, Kamila; Grzesiuk, Lidia

2017-08-29

The study concerns the relationship between three groups of variables presenting the patient's perspective: (1) "patient's characteristics" before psychotherapy, including "expectations of the therapy"; (2) "experience in the therapy", including the "psychotherapeutic relationship"; and (3) "assessment of the direct effectiveness of the psychotherapy". Data from the literature are the basis for predicting relationships between all of these variables. Measurement of the variables was conducted using a follow-up survey. The survey was sent to a total of 1,210 former patients of the Academic Center for Psychotherapy (AOP) in which the therapy is conducted mainly with the students and employees of the University of Warsaw. Responses were received from 276 people. 55% of the respondents were women and 45% were men, under 30 years of age. The analyses were performed using structural equations. Two models emerged from an analysis of the relationship between the three above-mentioned groups of variables. One concerns the relationship between (1) the patient's characteristics (2) the course of psychotherapy, in which -from the perspective of the patient - there is a good relationship with the psychotherapist and (3) psychotherapy is effective. The second model refers to (2) the patient's experience of poor psychotherapeutic relationship and (3) ineffective psychotherapy. Patient's expectations of the psychotherapy (especially "the expectation of support") proved to be important moderating variablesin the models-among the characteristics of the patient. The mathematical model also revealed strong correlation of variables measuring "the relationship with the psychotherapist" and "therapeutic interventions".

Armutsgefährdungen und Lebensbedingungen in Österreich: Ergebnisse aus EU-SILC 2009

OpenAIRE

Till-Tentschert, Ursula; Till, Matthias; Eiffe, Franz; Glaser, Thomas; Heuberger, Richard; Kafka, Elisabeth; Lamei, Nadja; Skina-Tabue, Magdalena

2011-01-01

Im Juni 2010 haben sich die Europäischen Regierungen auf eine neue Wachstumsstrategie bis zum Jahr 2020 geeinigt, die erstmals und ausdrücklich einen Schwerpunkt zur Verringerung von Armut und sozialer Ausgrenzung mit konkreten Zielgrößen formuliert. Die österreichische Bundesregierung hat sich das Ziel gesetzt, die Zahl der Personen, die sich in sozialen Problemlagen befinden, bis 2020 um über 220.000 zu reduzieren. Die vorliegende Publikation der Statistik Austria präsentiert aktuelle Ergeb...

Sustainability in agricultural machinery production - an empirical study among farmers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuliya Bezruk

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Um die Einstellungen von Landwirten hinsichtlich der Nachhaltigkeit in der Landtechnikherstellung und des Nachhaltigkeitsengagements der Landtechnikhersteller zu ermitteln, wurden im Rahmen einer empirischen Untersuchung 273 Fragebögen (39 % von 700 versandten Fragebögen ausgewertet. Bei den Teilnehmern der Befragung handelt es sich um Kunden der Landmaschinenfabrik Rauch GmbH und Leiter landwirtschaftlicher Ausbildungsbetriebe (z. T. Nicht- Kunden. Insgesamt wird das Engagement der Unternehmen hinsichtlich der Nachhaltigkeit von den Landwirten positiv bewertet. Insbesondere werden dabei Aspekte, die der sozialen Säule der Nachhaltigkeit zuzuordnen sind, mit Nachhaltigkeitsengagement in Verbindung gebracht, wie beispielsweise Maßnahmen zur Mitarbeiterausbildung. Darüber hinaus werden aus dem Bereich der ökonomischen Säule der Nachhaltigkeit die Zukunfts- und Innovationsorientierung besonders hervorgehoben. Bezüglich ihrer Einschätzung hinsichtlich nachhaltiger Landmaschinen stehen für die Landwirte insbesondere die Qualität der Maschine, die Nachrüstbarkeit und die Qualität der mit der Maschine getätigten Arbeiten im Vordergrund.

Fast Expansion oder doch 4-Gate-Push? - Kompetenzerwerb und Transfer beim Spielen von Echtzeit-Strategiespielen im Mehrspielermodus am Beispiel von StarCraft II – Wings of Liberty.

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Andreas Steininger

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Derzeit ist unklar, inwiefern in Computerspielen erworbene Kompetenzen in andere Kontexte transferiert werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der subjektiv wahrgenommene Wissenstransfer von 444 SpielerInnen und eines Online-Echtzeitstrategiespieles untersucht. Etwas weniger als die Hälfte der Befragten sehen einen Wissenstransfer im Bereich der sozialen Kompetenz, der Medienkompetenz, der persönlichkeitsorientierten Kompetenz und der kognitiven Kompetenz. Mehr als 50% der Befragten nehmen subjektiv einen Wissenstransfer im Bereich der sensomotorischen Kompetenzen und der Fremdsprachkenntnisse wahr.The transfer of competencies acquired in video games into other contexts is hardly researched yet. For this paper, the transfer of competencies is researched from players point of view. 444 players of a real time strategy game have been interviewed. Slightly less than 50% perceived a knowledge transfer for media competencies, personality, social competences and cognitive competencies. More than 50% perceived a transfer for sensomotor skills and foreign language competence.

Psychotherapy Versus Pharmacotherapy of Depression: What's the Evidence?

Science.gov (United States)

Leichsenring, Falk; Steinert, Christiane; Hoyer, Jürgen

Depression may be treated by psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy or their combination. There is an ongoing debate whether one of these approaches is possibly superior. A recent meta-analysis reported results in favour of pharmacotherapy. Individual studies and meta-analyses on the comparative efficacy of psychotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy were reviewed. Evidence suggests that psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are equally efficacious in the short-term, but psychotherapy is superior in the long-term. For the recently stated hypothesis that pharmacotherapy is superior to psychotherapy in studies without a pill placebo condition, which implies equally including a positive expectancy effect for both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy no evidence was found. Depression may be treated by psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy with equivalent results in the short-term and advantages for psychotherapy in the long-term. As the rates of response and remission are still limited in both treatments, further improvement of treatments is required.

Informed consent in psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Beahrs, J O; Gutheil, T G

2001-01-01

The authors sought a rational approach to implementing informed consent within the practice of psychotherapy. The history of informed consent in psychotherapy was reviewed to define a common synthesis that maximizes the potential benefits and minimizes the potential hazards. The benefits of informed consent in psychotherapy include fostering a positive treatment outcome through enhancing patient autonomy, responsibility, and self-therapeutic activity; lessening the risks of regressive effects and therapist liability; and helping the practice of psychotherapy extend beyond particular parochialisms by providing checks and balances on therapist judgments. The hazards include the unpredictability of interactional outcomes and the possibilities of replacing positive expectancy with negative suggestion, replacing a therapeutic alliance with a legalistic stance, and misimplying that patients are passive recipients. Practical implementation of informed consent in psychotherapy must balance such tensions in service of optimal treatment. As a guiding principle, the authors recommend that psychotherapists convey to a prospective patient information that is material to the particular patient's decision. The level of detail needed in informed consent discussions varies directly with the cost and risks of the proposed treatment, the presence of viable alternatives and their relative grounding in scientific data and professional acceptance, and the presence of significant controversy. Unresolved is the question of how to address problematic or controversial psychotherapeutic trends that temporarily enjoy wide professional support.

The Play of Psychotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Marks-Tarlow, Terry

2012-01-01

The author reviews the role of play within psychotherapy. She does not discuss the formal play therapy especially popular for young children, nor play from the Jungian perspective that encourages the use of the sand tray with adults. Instead, she focuses on the informal use of play during psychotherapy as it is orchestrated intuitively. Because…

Islam, Migration und Integration: Konflikte jugendlicher Migranten mit islamischem Hintergrund

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Ilhan Kizilhan

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Der Islam mit seinen verschiedenen Verhaltensweisen und Verboten spielt direkt oder indirekt immer noch eine wichtige Rolle im alltäglichen Leben vieler Migranten. Religiöse Vorschriften zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass ihrer Achtung nicht juristisch, sondern durch sozialen Druck Nachdruck verliehen wird (Verwandtschaft, religiöse Lehrer, islamische Gemeinde, religiöse Vereine etc. und dass ihre Missachtung mit Folgen in Form von Ausgrenzung, Missachtung und Diskriminierung einhergeht. Die kulturellen Vorstellungen der ersten Generation unterscheiden sich auf Grund der unterschiedlichen Biografien von denen der zweiten und dritten durch den Grad der Verwurzelung in der kulturellen Identität und der Verbundenheit mit traditionellen Wertvorstellungen. Fehlende Integrationskonzepte, Ausgrenzung im Migrationsland auf der einen und weltweite staatliche und halbstaatliche Konflikte im Namen des Islams bis hin zum Terrorismus auf der anderen Seite haben einen erheblichen Einfluss auf den Integrationsgrad von jugendlichen Migranten im Aufnahmeland.

Types of psychotherapy for pathological gamblers.

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Fong, Timothy W

2005-05-01

Several types of psychotherapy are currently used to treat pathological gamblers. These include Gambler's Anonymous, cognitive behavioral therapy, behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and family therapy. Research into which types of psychotherapy are the most effective for pathological gambling is limited but is a growing area of study. Group therapy, namely Gambler's Anonymous, provides peer support and structure. Cognitive behavior therapy aims to identify and correct cognitive distortions about gambling. Psychodynamic psychotherapy can help recovering gamblers address core conflicts and hidden psychological meanings of gambling. Family therapy is helpful by providing support and education and eliminating enabling behaviors. To date, no single type of psychotherapy has emerged as the most effective form of treatment. As in other addictive disorders, treatment retention of pathological gamblers is highly variable. Understanding the types of psychotherapy that are available for pathological gamblers, as well their underlying principles, will assist clinicians in managing this complex behavioral disorder.

Is IPT Time-Limited Psychodynamic Psychotherapy?

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Markowitz, John C.; Svartberg, Martin; Swartz, Holly A.

1998-01-01

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) has sometimes but not always been considered a psychodynamic psychotherapy. The authors discuss similarities and differences between IPT and short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP), comparing eight aspects: 1) time limit, 2) medical model, 3) dual goals of solving interpersonal problems and syndromal remission, 4) interpersonal focus on the patient solving current life problems, 5) specific techniques, 6) termination, 7) therapeutic stance, and 8) empirical support. The authors then apply both approaches to a case example of depression. They conclude that despite overlaps and similarities, IPT is distinct from STPP.(The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research 1998; 7:185–195) PMID:9631340

Parkways und Freeways in der Bestimmung der Landschaft der Amerikanischen Grossstaedte. Der Fall Boston.

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Massimo Maria Brignoli

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Die Tradition der amerikanischen Landschaftarchitektur hatt aus Boston ein Planungsexperiment gemacht. Das Emerald Necklace, eine echte Ikone der Landschaftsarchitektur, bezeugt immer noch wirkungsvoll, wie die Landschaftsplanung die Struktur moderner Grossstaedte mit Raum zum wohnen staerken kann. Heute muss die Stadt mit ihren von der Central Artery hervorgerufenen Wunden fertigwerden, mit Risultaten, die wahrscheinlich nicht der Groesse ihrer Geschichte entsprechen. Der teilweise Erfolg der Rose Kennedy Greenway macht die Notwendigkeit klar, die Regelung fuer die Planung der offenen Gebiete neu zu bestimmen.

[Healthier after Psychotherapy? Analysis of Claims Data (Lower Saxony, Germany) on Sickness Absence Duration before and after Outpatient Psychotherapy].

Science.gov (United States)

Epping, Jelena; de Zwaan, Martina; Geyer, Siegfried

2017-11-17

Introduction In employed populations sickness absence can be used as a good indicator of health status. In the present study, it was examined how periods of sickness absence are developing within one year before and after psychotherapy under comparison of three types of psychotherapy (behavior therapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and psychoanalysis), all fully covered by statutory health insurance. Methods and data The analyses were performed with pseudonymized claims data from the AOK Niedersachsen, a statutory health insurance (N=2,900,065 insured). Certified sickness absences before and after psychotherapy were examined for 9,916 patients. Parallelized controls were used to build a comparison of the length of sickness absences. Analyses were performed separately for women and for men. Results Within one year before starting psychotherapy, patients had longer sickness absences than controls on average. There was a reduction in the length of sickness absence of 20 days (median) within one year before to 12 days (median) within one year after the psychotherapy. The obtained differences between types of psychotherapy were considerable. Discussion Differences in terms of sickness absences may in part be explained by socio-demographic differences. Patients who underwent psychoanalysis were younger and had higher educational levels. However, it remains unclear why the differences of sickness absence periods were that high. It has to be discussed whether self-selection of patients with better health into psychoanalysis had occurred. Conclusions Patients undergoing psychoanalysis differ from patients who underwent other types of psychotherapy in terms of their duration of sickness absence as well as socio-demographic profile. Thus, due to differences in the composition of patients future research in psychotherapy will have to differentiate by type of psychotherapy. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Advances in Psychotherapy for Depressed Older Adults.

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Raue, Patrick J; McGovern, Amanda R; Kiosses, Dimitris N; Sirey, Jo Anne

2017-09-01

We review recent advances in psychotherapies for depressed older adults, in particular those developed for special populations characterized by chronic medical illness, acute medical illness, cognitive impairment, and suicide risk factors. We review adaptations for psychotherapy to overcome barriers to its accessibility in non-specialty settings such as primary care, homebound or hard-to-reach older adults, and social service settings. Recent evidence supports the effectiveness of psychotherapies that target late-life depression in the context of specific comorbid conditions including COPD, heart failure, Parkinson's disease, stroke and other acute conditions, cognitive impairment, and suicide risk. Growing evidence supports the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of psychotherapy modified for a variety of health care and social service settings. Research supports the benefits of selecting the type of psychotherapy based on a comprehensive assessment of the older adult's psychiatric, medical, functional, and cognitive status, and tailoring psychotherapy to the settings in which older depressed adults are most likely to present.

Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapies: History and Development

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M. Hakan Türkçapar

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Cognitive behavioral therapies are one of the most leading theories between current psychotherapies. As a psychotherapy school, besides sharing the common points reached collectively by the humanity throughout the history, it also achieved in integrating scientific and ampirical experiences into the psychotherapy practice. Having included mainstreams like Stoicism, Kantian philosopy in its historical roots, this approach has similarities with eastern philosophies, budism and sufism. Apart from its historical and cultural roots, cognitive approach integrated with behaviorism which applied scientific method in human psychology for the first time, and also implemented the scientific method in the cognitive field. Cognitive behavioral approaches shall make important contributions in the pathway that psychotherapies will cover.

PSYCHOTHERAPY WITH THE PARENT EGO STATE

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Maruša Zaletel

2012-06-01

Full Text Available In their article, the authors present the findings of the study in which they conceptualized the method of psychotherapy with the Parent ego state. Their aim was to explore whether this method could be divided into individual, content-wise separate chronological phases which can be observed with the majority of clients. By using a modified method of content analysis of five psychotherapy transcripts and a video recording of a psychotherapy session, nine chronological phases were identified. In order to illustrate the individual phases, excerpts from the transcripts and the video recording of psychotherapy have been included. The article proposes under what conditions can this method be used, and presents some of its limitations.

Child Psychotherapy Dropout: An Empirical Research Review

Science.gov (United States)

Deakin, Elisabeth; Gastaud, Marina; Nunes, Maria Lucia Tiellet

2012-01-01

This study aims to discuss the most recent data about child psychotherapy dropout, especially child psychoanalytical psychotherapy. The authors also try to offer some possible alternatives to prevent such a phenomenon. The definition of "child psychotherapy dropout" is extensively discussed. The goal has been to attempt to create a standardised…

Review of Self-disclosure in psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamilton, Rachel A; Del Castillo, Darren M; Stiles, William B

2007-09-01

Reviews the book, Self-disclosure in psychotherapy by Barry A. Farber (see record 2006-11792-000). At one point or another, most therapists have wondered how much their patients are telling them and wrestled with how much they should reveal themselves to their patients. This book aims to provide an integrative and up-to-date review of the literature that has addressed these kinds of questions. By looking at patient, therapist, supervisee, and supervisor self-disclosure, Farber attempts to show both common and unique aspects of self-disclosure across the different parties involved in psychotherapy. Work from historical, clinical, research, and cultural perspectives comes together to provide readers with a multifaceted view of self-disclosure in psychotherapy. This book will be of interest to therapists, researchers, psychotherapy supervisors, and therapists-in-training. Farber's discussion of self-disclosure offers a nuanced perspective on the dilemmas involved in the psychotherapy process. By highlighting the features of self-disclosure across patients, therapists, supervisees, and supervisors, Farber enriches understanding of the phenomenon and encourages empathy for the perspectives of those in other psychotherapy roles. We believe that Farber has successfully synthesized work from various perspectives to create an illuminating review of self-disclosure in psychotherapy. The book condenses a broad range of literature into clearly organized and digestible chapters. The integration of research and theory with clinical vignettes, quotations from books and movies, and popular song lyrics make this work an unusually engaging and accessible read. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Die Kodifikation des deutschen Nichtehelichenrechts im Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch The Codification of German Non-Marriage Law in the German Civil Code

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Eric Neiseke

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Steffen Baumgarten legt erstmals eine umfassende Darstellung zur Kodifikation des Nichtehelichenrechts im Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch unter Berücksichtigung der Stellungnahmen der deutschen Frauenbewegung vor. Zugleich werden die sozialen und gesellschaftlichen Hintergründe im 19. Jahrhundert in die Untersuchung mit einbezogen.Steffen Baumgarten presents the first comprehensive presentation of the codification of “non-marriage laws” in the German Civil Code in light of the position of the German women’s movement. His study also includes the social and societal background of the 19th century.

Is there a “net generation” in veterinary medicine? A comparative study on the use of the Internet and Web 2.0 by students and the veterinary profession [Gibt es eine „net-Generation“ in der Tiermedizin? Eine Vergleichende Untersuchung zur Nutzung von Internet und Web 2.0 bei Studierenden und der Tierärzteschaft

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Tenhaven, Christoph

2013-02-01

Full Text Available [english] Introduction: Informal and formal lifelong learning is essential at university and in the workplace. Apart from classical learning techniques, Web 2.0 tools can be used. It is controversial whether there is a so-called net generation amongst people under 30.Aims: To test the hypothesis that a net generation among students and young veterinarians exists.Methods: An online survey of students and veterinarians was conducted in the German-speaking countries which was advertised via online media and traditional print media.Results: 1780 people took part in the survey. Students and veterinarians have different usage patterns regarding social networks (91.9% vs. 69% and IM (55.9% vs. 24.5%. All tools were predominantly used passively and in private, to a lesser extent also professionally and for studying.Outlook: The use of Web 2.0 tools is useful, however, teaching information and media skills, preparing codes of conduct for the internet and verification of user generated content is essential.[german] Einleitung: Informelles und formelles lebenslanges Lernen ist im Studium und Beruf essenziell. Dazu können neben der klassischen Fortbildung auch Web 2.0 Tools benutzt werden. Umstritten in der Literatur ist allerdings, ob es unter den „Unter 30 Jährigen“ eine sogenannte Net-Generation gibt. Ziel: Überprüfung der Hypothese, dass eine Net-Generation unter Studierenden und jungen Tierärzten existiert. Methode: Eine Onlineumfrage unter Studierenden und der Tierärzteschaft wurde im deutschsprachigen Raum durchgeführt, die per Onlinemedien und klassischen Printmedien beworben wurde.Ergebnisse: An der Befragung haben 1780 Personen teilgenommen. Es gibt unterschiedliches Nutzungsverhalten von Studierenden und der Tierärzteschaft bei sozialen Netzwerken (91,9% vs. 69% und IMs (55,9% vs. 24,5%. Alle Tools wurden hauptsächlich passiv und privat genutzt, im geringeren Maße auch für den Beruf und das Studium.Ausblick: Der Einsatz von Web 2

Piaget and psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Friedman, T L

1978-04-01

It is difficult to apply Piaget's theory to psychotherapy because the place of affect in it is ambiguous. When the alternatives are considered, it seems most consistent with Piaget's ideas to regard both cognitive and affective phenomena as problem-solving organizations. Piaget's remarkable discoveries in the cognitive sphere are a consequence of the easy access in that sphere to the kind of problems that need solving, and the phasic development of solutions. But the nature of the problems to be solved or the values to be guarded by a patient in psychotherapy are not knowable independently of the patient's actual behavior. In one respect all that is left from Piaget's approach for psychotherapy generally is the truism that therapy fosters differentiation and integration. However, even if we cannot frame a peculiarly Piagetian paradigm of psychotherapy, Piaget is valuable in posing a subsidiary question, namely, what in therapy fosters problem-solving activity. A reading of Piaget suggests that a patient learns by acting on his therapist and tacitly interpreting the results of his actions, that difficulties in therapy are the material from which therapy proceeds, and that in order to grasp the situation of the patient, the therapist himself may need to act on him and not just think about him. An implied lesson for training would be that supervision should instill a professional identity that is reinforced rather than challenged by therapy difficulties, and does not rely solely on theoretical categorizing.

Assessing Attachment in Psychotherapy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Talia, Alessandro; Miller-Bottome, Madeleine; Daniel, Sarah I.F.

2017-01-01

The authors present and validate the Patient Attachment Coding System (PACS), a transcript-based instrument that assesses clients' in-session attachment based on any session of psychotherapy, in multiple treatment modalities. One-hundred and sixty clients in different types of psychotherapy...... (cognitive–behavioural, cognitive–behavioural-enhanced, psychodynamic, relational, supportive) and from three different countries were administered the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) prior to treatment, and one session for each client was rated with the PACS by independent coders. Results indicate strong...... inter-rater reliability, and high convergent validity of the PACS scales and classifications with the AAI. These results present the PACS as a practical alternative to the AAI in psychotherapy research and suggest that clinicians using the PACS can assess clients' attachment status on an ongoing basis...

Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapies: History and Development

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M. Hakan Türkçapar

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Cognitive behavioral therapies are one of the most leading theories between current psychotherapies. As a psychotherapy school, besides sharing the common points reached collectively by the humanity throughout the history, it also achieved in integrating scientific and ampirical experiences into the psychotherapy practice. Having included mainstreams like Stoicism, Kantian philosopy in its historical roots, this approach has similarities with eastern philosophies, budism and sufism. Apart from its historical and cultural roots, cognitive approach integrated with behaviorism which applied scientific method in human psychology for the first time, and also implemented the scientific method in the cognitive field. Cognitive behavioral approaches shall make important contributions in the pathway that psychotherapies will cover. [JCBPR 2012; 1(1.000: 7-14

Der Einsatz der sozialen Medien im Place Branding. Das Beispiel Allgäu

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Kräußlich, Bernhard; Schürholz, Peter

2017-12-01

This article focuses on the opportunities and risks of using social media in place branding. Where local authorities provide their content in the context of a place branding via social media, the users gain attributes of a prosumer, most important of which is the high potential for participating in the actual branding process. This active participation causes a variety of changes compared to a branding process without social media. Thus, a qualitative, a quantitative, as well as a temporal and spatial increase of contact with the brand can be determined, though, by virtue of the anonymity provided by the Internet, it is quite possible that this all takes place covertly. A permanent monitoring of the branding process on the part of the operators has become necessary in order to react quickly to changes. The Allgäu model offers a possible procedure for reacting to the new requirements in social media-sampled place branding.

Naikan psychotherapy for alcohol dependence syndrome

OpenAIRE

堀井, 茂男

1987-01-01

To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Naikan psychotherapy for alcohol dependence syndrome, a comparison was made between 31 patients who were treated with Naikan psychotherapy (Naikan group) and 34 patients who were not treated with Naikan psychotherapy (non-Naikan group) on the following profiles : general characteristics, social adaptation occuring 6 months to 2 years 6 months after discharge (short-term follow-up) and social adaptation occuring 3 years 5 months to 5 years 5 months after d...

Three Psychotherapies Examined: Ellis, Rogers, Perls

Science.gov (United States)

Stoten, J.; Goos, W.

1974-01-01

This study uses Bales' Interaction Process Analysis (I. P. A.) to identify significant process elements in counselling and psychotherapy. For this purpose, the film "Three Approaches to Psychotherapy" was analysed. (Editor)

Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy as group psychotherapy for chronically depressed inpatients: a naturalistic multicenter feasibility trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Sabaß, Lena; Padberg, Frank; Normann, Claus; Engel, Vera; Konrad, Carsten; Helmle, Kristina; Jobst, Andrea; Worlitz, Andrew; Brakemeier, Eva-Lotta

2017-09-27

The Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) is a relatively new approach in the treatment of chronic depression (CD). Adapted as group psychotherapy for inpatients, CBASP is attracting increasing attention. In this naturalistic multicenter trial, we investigated its feasibility after 10 sessions of CBASP group therapy over a treatment time of at least 5 to a maximum of 10 weeks. Treatment outcome was additionally assessed. Across four centers, 116 inpatients with CD (DSM-IV-TR) attended CBASP group psychotherapy. Feasibility was focused on acceptance, and evaluated for patients and therapists after five (t1) and ten sessions (t2) of group psychotherapy. Observer- and self-rating scales (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-24 items, HDRS 24 ; Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II; World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment, WHOQOL-BREF) were applied before group psychotherapy (t0) and at t2. Dropouts were low (10.3%). Patients' evaluation improved significantly from t1 to t2 with a medium effect size (d = 0.60). Most of the patients stated that the group had enriched their treatment (75.3%), that the size (74.3%) and duration (72.5%) were 'optimal' and 37.3% wished for a higher frequency. Patients gave CBASP group psychotherapy an overall grade of 2 ('good'). Therapists' evaluation was positive throughout, except for size of the group. Outcome scores of HDRS 24 , BDI-II, and WHOQOL-BREF were significantly reduced from t0 to t2 with medium to large effect sizes (d = 1.48; d = 1.11; d = 0.67). In this naturalistic open-label trial, CBASP, when applied as inpatient group psychotherapy, was well accepted by patients and therapists. The results point towards a clinically meaningful effect of inpatient treatment with CBASP group psychotherapy on depression and quality of life. Other potential factors that could have promoted symptom change were discussed. A future controlled study could investigate the safety and efficacy of CBASP

Psychotherapy Outcome Research: Issues and Questions.

Science.gov (United States)

Shean, Glenn

2016-03-01

Emphasis on identifying evidence-based therapies (EBTs) has increased markedly. Lists of EBTs are the rationale for recommendations for how psychotherapy provider training programs should be evaluated, professional competence assessed, and licensure and reimbursement policies structured. There are however methodological concerns that limit the external validity of EBTs. Among the most salient is the circularity inherent in randomized control trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy that constrains the manner in which the psychological problems are defined, psychotherapy can be practiced, and change evaluated. RCT studies favor therapies that focus of specific symptoms and can be described in a manual, administered reliably across patients, completed in relatively few sessions, and involve short-term evaluations of outcome. The epistemological assumptions of a natural science approach to psychotherapy research limit how studies are conducted and assessed in ways that that advantage symptom-focused approaches and disadvantage those approaches that seek to bring broad recovery-based changes. Research methods that are not limited to RCTs and include methodology to minimize the effects of "therapist allegiance" are necessary for valid evaluations of therapeutic approaches that seek to facilitate changes that are broader than symptom reduction. Recent proposals to adopt policies that dictate training, credentialing, and reimbursement based on lists of EBTs unduly limit how psychotherapy can be conceptualized and practiced, and are not in the best interests of the profession or of individuals seeking psychotherapy services.

Individual Psychotherapy and Changes in Self-Experience in Schizophrenia: A Qualitative Comparison of Patients in Metacognitively Focused and Supportive Psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Lysaker, Paul H; Kukla, Marina; Belanger, Elizabeth; White, Dominique A; Buck, Kelly D; Luther, Lauren; Firmin, Ruth L; Leonhardt, Bethany

2015-01-01

Deficits in metacognition, or the ability to form complex ideas about self and others, may be a root cause of dysfunction in schizophrenia. Accordingly, forms of psychotherapy have been proposed to address metacognitive deficits. This study explored whether metacognitively focused individual psychotherapy can affect self-experience by conducting narrative interviews of patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder enrolled in either metacognitively oriented psychotherapy (n = 12) or supportive psychotherapy (n = 13) in a naturalistic setting. Participants in both groups completed a narrative interview consisting of questions that focused on perceptions and process of psychotherapy and its impact on outcomes. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and coded using an inductive process informed by grounded theory. Qualitative analyses revealed all participants reported psychotherapy led to improvements in self-esteem and the ability to think more clearly and set meaningful goals. The group receiving metacognitively oriented therapy, in contrast to those receiving supportive therapy, reported being able to integrate their current experiences into the larger narratives of their lives and an increased experience of sense of agency and the ability to understand and manage pain. Results provide evidence that metacognitively oriented psychotherapy may promote subjective forms of recovery.

Der Einfluss von Anonymität in der Lehrevaluation durch Studierende [The Effects of Anonymity on Student Ratings of Teaching and Course Quality in a Bachelor Degree Programme

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Schaffner, Noemi

2013-08-01

is being taken seriously; consequently, they feel able to provide a constructive and honest evaluation.[german] Zielsetzung und Fragestellung: Unterscheiden sich die Ergebnisse anonymisierter und personalisierter Evaluationen? Methodik: Während zweier Jahre wurden bei jeder Modulevaluation alle Studierenden randomisiert den Halbgruppen „anonym“ und „personalisiert“ zugeteilt. Die Qualität des Moduls in seinen relevanten Aspekten wurde mit einem standardisierten Fragebogen erhoben. Zusätzlich konnten optionale Textantworten formuliert werden. Drei unabhängige Personen bewerteten die Aussagequalität der Antworten gemäss einem Leitfaden. Dieser beinhaltete die fünf Dimensionen positiv-negativ, differenziert-absolut, Nennung einer Person-allgemein, Befehl enthaltend-neutral und optisch akzentuiert-blank. Der Datensatz bestand aus 615 Fragebogen, davon waren 306 in anonymer Form. Mit einer multivariaten Varianzanalyse wurde überprüft, ob sich zwischen anonym und personalisiert erhobenen Daten ein Unterschied sowohl bei den durch Skalen bewerteten Aspekten als auch bei der Qualität der optionalen Textantworten zeigte. Zusätzlich wurde untersucht, ob sich die Häufigkeit der optionalen Textantworten unterschied.Ergebnisse: In der Aussagequalität liess sich kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen anonym und personalisiert erhobenen Daten nachweisen. Hingegen haben Studierende aus der personalisierten Gruppe tendenziell häufiger optionale Textantworten geliefert.Schlussfolgerung: Personalisierte Evaluationen generieren dann keine verfälschten Resultate im Sinne der sozialen Erwünschtheit, wenn der Evaluationszirkel geschlossen und transparent ist: Die Verantwortlichen melden den Studierenden die Evaluationsergebnisse konsequent zurück und Änderungs-, Optimierungswünsche und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten werden mit ihnen diskutiert. Die Studierenden erfahren so, dass ihre Rückmeldungen ernst genommen werden. So können sie sich echte Kritik erlauben.

INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY AND MINDFULNESS: THE CASE OF SARA

OpenAIRE

Mihael Černetič

2015-01-01

The article explores the relationship between Integrative Psychotherapy and mindfulness on a theoretical as well as practical level. Although mindfulness is not an explicit constituent of Integrative Psychotherapy, the two are arguably a natural fit. Mindfulness has the potential to enhance internal and external contact, a central concept in Integrative Psychotherapy, as well as strengthen a client’s Adult ego state. This article presents a case study whereby Integrative Psychotherapy is ana...

Power Politics of Family Psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Whitaker, Carl A.

It is postulated that the standard framework for psychotherapy, a cooperative transference neurosis, does not validly carry over to the successful psychotherapy of a two-generation family group. In many disturbed families, the necessary and sufficient dynamics for change must be initiated, controlled, and augmented by a group dynamic power-play,…

How Do Trainees Choose Their First Psychotherapy Training? The Case of Training in Psychotherapy Integration

Science.gov (United States)

Plchová, Romana; Hytych, Roman; Rihácek, Tomáš; Roubal, Jan; Vybíral, Zbynek

2016-01-01

Future trainees go through difficult decision-making processes when starting their first psychotherapy training. The choice of training in psychotherapy integration is a specific type of this process. In this study, qualitative data were obtained from the motivational letters, in-depth semi-structured interviews and e-mail questionnaires of 26…

Der Fachbereich Fertigungstechnik der Zukunft

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alting, Leo

1998-01-01

Forscher sowie für eine industrielle Zusammenarbeit/Beratung eine attraktive Umgebung zu bieten.Im vorliegenden Papier wird ein internes Entwicklungsprojekt, genannt "Der Fachberich der Zukunft", beschrieben. Ausgehend von den Bedürfnissen und Erwartungen der Kunden (Studierende, Einrichtungen der...

Treatment preferences of psychotherapy patients with chronic PTSD.

Science.gov (United States)

Markowitz, John C; Meehan, Kevin B; Petkova, Eva; Zhao, Yihong; Van Meter, Page E; Neria, Yuval; Pessin, Hayley; Nazia, Yasmin

2016-03-01

Patient treatment preference may moderate treatment effect in major depressive disorder (MDD) studies. Little research has addressed preference in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); almost none has assessed actual patients' PTSD psychotherapy preferences. From a 14-week trial of chronic PTSD comparing prolonged exposure, relaxation therapy, and interpersonal psychotherapy, we report treatment preferences of the 110 randomized patients, explore preference correlates, and assess effects on treatment outcome. Patients recruited between 2008 and 2013 with chronic DSM-IV PTSD (Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS] score ≥ 50) received balanced, scripted psychotherapy descriptions prerandomization and indicated their preferences. Analyses assessed relationships of treatment attitudes to demographic and clinical factors. We hypothesized that patients randomized to preferred treatments would have better outcomes, and to unwanted treatment worse outcomes. Eighty-seven patients (79%) voiced treatment preferences or disinclinations: 29 (26%) preferred prolonged exposure, 29 (26%) preferred relaxation therapy, and 56 (50%) preferred interpersonal psychotherapy (Cochran Q = 18.46, P psychotherapy (Cochran Q = 22.71, P psychotherapy preferences to outcome. Despite explanations emphasizing prolonged exposure's greater empirical support, patients significantly preferred interpersonal psychotherapy. Preference subtly affected psychotherapy outcome; depression appeared an important moderator of the effect of unwanted treatment on outcome. Potential biases to avoid in future research are discussed. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00739765. © Copyright 2015 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.

Psychotherapies for adult depression: recent developments.

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Cuijpers, Pim

2015-01-01

Much has been learned from the 400 randomized trials on psychotherapies for adult depression that have been conducted, but much is also still unknown. In this study some recent attempts to further reduce the disease burden of depression through psychotherapies are reviewed. In the past, many new psychotherapies have promised to be more effective than existing treatments, usually without success. We describe recent research on two new therapies, acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive bias modification, and conclude that both have also not shown to be more effective than existing therapies. A growing number of studies have also focused on therapies that may be successful in further reducing the disease burden, such as treatments for chronic depression and relapse prevention. Other studies are aimed at scaling up psychological services, such as the training of lay health counselors in low-income and middle-income countries, telephone-based, and internet-based therapies. Psychotherapies are essential tools in the treatment of adult depression. Randomized trials have shown that these treatments are effective, and by focusing on key issues, such as chronic depression, relapse, and scaling them up, psychotherapies contribute more and more to the reduction of the disease burden of depression.

INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY AND MINDFULNESS: THE CASE OF SARA

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Mihael Černetič

2015-02-01

Full Text Available The article explores the relationship between Integrative Psychotherapy and mindfulness on a theoretical as well as practical level. Although mindfulness is not an explicit constituent of Integrative Psychotherapy, the two are arguably a natural fit. Mindfulness has the potential to enhance internal and external contact, a central concept in Integrative Psychotherapy, as well as strengthen a client’s Adult ego state. This article presents a case study whereby Integrative Psychotherapy is analysed from the perspective of mindfulness. Within the course of therapy, parallels were observed between the client's increased mindfulness, improved internal and external contact, strengthened Adult ego state, mastery of introjections, as well as diminished feelings of guilt, improved mood, self care and ability to engage in appropriate separation and individuation. These gains support the conclusion that Integrative Psychotherapy and mindfulness are inherently related and that explicit incorporation of mindfulness may enhance the therapeutic process of Integrative Psychotherapy.

Spiritually and religiously integrated group psychotherapy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Viftrup, Dorte Toudal; Hvidt, Niels Christian; Buus, Niels

2013-01-01

WE SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEWED THE RESEARCH LITERATURE ON SPIRITUALLY AND RELIGIOUSLY INTEGRATED GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING THREE QUESTIONS: first, how are spirituality and religiosity defined; second, how are spiritual and religious factors characterized and integrated into group......, 8 articles were considered eligible for the review. Findings from the evaluation suggested that the concepts of spirituality and religiosity were poorly conceptualized and the way in which spiritual and religious factors were integrated into such group psychotherapies, which distinguished it from...... for spiritually or religiously integrated group psychotherapy and conducting research in this field are propounded....

The Psychotherapy Process with Adolescents: A First Pilot Study and Preliminary Comparisons between Different Therapeutic Modalities Using the "Adolescent Psychotherapy Q-Set"

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Bychkova, Tetyana; Hillman, Saul; Midgley, Nick; Schneider, Celeste

2011-01-01

An innovative methodology is presented for describing the therapeutic processes involved in five types of adolescent treatments: psychoanalysis, psychodynamic psychotherapy, cognitive-behavioural therapy, mentalisation-based treatment and interpersonal psychotherapy. Using the "Adolescent Psychotherapy Q-Set" (APQ), 18 experienced clinicians…

Applied philosophy and psychotherapy: Heraclitus as case study

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Johann Beukes

2002-10-01

Full Text Available This article investigates a recent attempt to apply philosophy within the discipline of psychotherapy and to investigate the somewhat undefined realm of philosophical counselling. After introducing the claims of this interdisciplinary exercise and after addressing the problems involved in crossing the boundaries between philosophy and psychotherapy, the article elaborates on  Alex Howard’s (2000 [Philosophy for counselling and psychotherapy: Pythagoras to post-modernism. London: Macmillan] attempt to make explicit use of philosophy in psychotherapy, using his interpretation and application of Heraclitus’ philosophy as case study.

[Psychanalitic psychotherapy: practice and indications in the aged].

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Claudel, Bertrand

2004-09-01

Use of psychoanalytic psychotherapy for the elderly remains an issue. Even though regular psychoanalysis cure is contraindicated for elderly patients in most cases, yet, face-to-face psychotherapies can prove useful. The methods used for psychoanalytic psychotherapy for elderly patients are different from those applicable to middle age patients. These methods take into account the mourning process experienced by the elderly patient in three spheres: loss of object, loss of function and loss of oneself. Indications concerning psychoanalytic psychotherapy for the elderly have to be carefully assessed and will be detailed throughout the paper.

Succession and survival in psychotherapy organizations.

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Khaleelee, Olya

2008-11-01

This paper examines the world of psychotherapy by applying a systemic and psychodynamic understanding of the family business as a way of understanding the dilemmas and challenges of leadership succession. Oedipal factors are explored as an important theme within the succession process. This exploration is set within the context of what function psychotherapy has performed in society over the last thirty years. The hypothesis is that the first generation of leaders aimed to provide containment for the individual citizen at a time of failed dependency in society. The suggestion is that this gave way to the primary task for the second generation, which has been to focus on the therapist in training. The challenge for the third generation is to develop a meaningful role for psychotherapy today and to ensure survival at a time when other shorter therapies such as CBT are gaining ascendancy over longer term psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

[Method of existence analytic psychotherapy].

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Längle, A

1990-01-01

Introducing questions of individual purpose and meaning into psychotherapy was an important contribution of Viktor Frankl and a necessary supplement to traditional psychotherapy. V. Frankls "Logotherapy" (logos = meaning) however has found its main application in counselling (especially bereavement and grief processes) and prophylactic endeavours (e.g. pedagogics). Suffering from meaninglessness, on the other hand, showed up to be a respectively rare indication for psychotherapeutic interventions in its proper sense. Thus the question was arising how to apply Frankl's valuable meaning-centered concept of man (which he called "Existential Analysis") in a genuine way to other neurosis and to personality disorders, so far "unspecific indications" to Logotherapy. This paper gives an outline and methodological foundation of "Existential Analysis Psychotherapy". A case study finally is illustrating its phenomenological proceeding.

Psychotherapy: a profile of current occupational therapy practice in Ontario.

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Moll, Sandra E; Tryssenaar, Joyce; Good, Colleen R; Detwiler, Lisa M

2013-12-01

Psychotherapy can be an important part of psychosocial occupational therapy practice; however, it requires specialized training to achieve and maintain competence. Regulation varies by province, and in Ontario, occupational therapists were recently authorized to perform psychotherapy. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychotherapy practice, training, and support needs of Ontario occupational therapists. An online survey was sent to occupational therapists who had clients with mental health or chronic pain issues, asking about their expertise and support needs in relation to nine psychotherapy approaches. Of the 331 therapists who responded, there were variations in the nature and frequency of psychotherapy practice. Experienced therapists in outpatient settings were more likely to practice psychotherapy, and cognitive-behaviour therapy, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness were the most common approaches. Supervision and training varied, with many therapists interested in occupational therapy-specific training. Recommendations for a framework of support include education about the nature of psychotherapy, training and supervision guidelines, and advocacy for occupational therapy and psychotherapy.

Alternativen als Programm

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Paulina Dobroć

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Der vorliegende Artikel soll einen Beitrag zu theoretischen Überlegungen einer Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA der Alternativen leisten. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass TA seit ihrer Entstehung den Anspruch auf die Entwicklung von (technischen Alternativen erhoben hat, wird hier der Versuch unternommen, die Rolle der TA im Rahmen aktueller Innovationsprozesse zu reflektieren und (neu zu definieren. Dies scheint vor allem im Hinblick auf aktuelle gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen notwendig. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine Grundannahme Lothar Hacks über das Verhältnis von Gesellschaft und Technik herangezogen. Seine Annahme besagt, dass die kontinuierliche Überführung von sozialen Problemen und Leitbildern in enge technische Lösungsansätze in hochindustrialisierten Ländern dominant und Teil der aktuellen gesellschaftlichen Probleme ist. Diese These wird im vorliegenden Artikel im Hinblick auf einen Perspektivenwechsel als Ausgangspunkt eines zukünftigen Forschungsprogramms der TA fruchtbar gemacht. Hierbei bildet das Denken in Alternativen von gesellschaftlichen Zukünften den zentralen Fokus.

Bone graft substitutes for the treatment of traumatic fractures of the extremities [Knochenersatzmaterialien zur Behandlung von traumatischen Frakturen der Extremitäten

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Hagen, Anja

2012-06-01

Knochenersatzmaterialien eingesetzt.Es stellt sich die Frage nach der Wirksamkeit, Kostenwirksamkeit sowie nach ethischen, sozialen und juristischen Implikationen beim Einsatz von Knochenersatzmaterialien bei traumatischen Frakturen.Eine systematische Literaturrecherche wird in den medizinischen elektronischen Datenbanken MEDLINE, EMBASE etc. im Dezember 2009 durchgeführt. In die Bewertung werden randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCT ggf. mit gesundheitsökonomischen Analysen sowie Publikationen zu ethischen, sozialen sowie juristischen Aspekten einbezogen. Die medizinische Informationssynthese erfolgt nach Bewertung der Studienqualität u.a. in Form von Metaanalysen, die gesundheitsökonomische Informationssynthese deskriptiv.14 RCT werden in die medizinische und zwei Analysen in die gesundheitsökonomische Bewertung einbezogen, zu ethischen, sozialen und juristischen Aspekten werden keine Publikationen identifiziert. Beim Vergleich Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2 gegenüber Standardtherapie ohne Knochentransplantat bei Frakturen ergeben sich in einem RCT (mit erhöhtem Verzerrungspotenzial signifikante Unterschiede zugunsten BMP-2 bezüglich mehrerer Endpunkte. Bei Calciumphosphat (CaP-Zementen und knochenmarkhaltigen Kompositmaterialien zeigen sich beim Vergleich gegenüber Knochentransplantaten in den RCT (alle mit hohem Verzerrungspotenzial signifikante Unterschiede zugunsten der Knochenersatzmaterialien bezüglich einzelner Endpunkte. Bei allen anderen Materialien finden sich in fast allen Vergleichen keine signifikanten Unterschiede.Die BMP-2-Anwendung zusätzlich zur Standardbehandlung ohne Knochentransplantation führt bei Betrachtung aller Patienten mit traumatischen offenen Frakturen zur Kostenerhöhung. Einsparungen durch zusätzlichen BMP-2-Einsatz lassen sich allerdings bei der Patientensubgruppe mit hochgradig offenen Frakturen (Gustilo-Anderson-Grad-IIIB errechnen. Die Kostenwirksamkeit beim BMP-2-Einsatz vs. Standardbehandlung mit Knochentransplantation sowie beim

Integrative dimensions of psychotherapy training.

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Greben, Daniel H

2004-04-01

This paper investigates the influence of integrative factors on psychotherapy education. The broad relevance of integrative psychotherapy to residency training and continuing mental health education is discussed. Following a review of the existing literature on the education of integrative psychotherapists, the article systematically examines the integrative and pedagogic issues to be considered in planning psychotherapy training informed by integrative principles. The integrative issues are organized into 5 categories: attitudinal set, knowledge base, clinical techniques and skills, developmental tasks and challenges, and systemic institutional factors. The educational issues can be divided into 4 categories: content, format and process, sequence, and faculty development. Brief descriptions of actual educational interventions illustrate the implementation of such ideas. Specific recommendations are made regarding the development of integrative educational initiatives and future study of unresolved questions.

Culture and Healthcare in Medical Education: Migrants' Health and Beyond [Medizin und ethnisch-kulturelle Vielfalt in der medizinischen Ausbildung: "Migrantenmedizin" und mehr

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Soydan, Nedim

2010-05-01

Zuschreibungen zu überwinden. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt den Ansatz eines interdisziplinären Kurses zur „Migrantenmedizin“ an der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen vor, der jüngst durch ein Kooperationsprojekt zur Stärkung interkultureller Aspekte in der medizinischen Ausbildung mit zwei lateinamerikanischen Universitäten ergänzt wurde (in Ecuador und Peru. Durch den internationalen Vergleich soll das abstrakte Prinzip „think global and teach local“ für den medizinischen Bereich nutzbar gemacht werden. Gleichzeitig wird die Bedeutung der Ethnographie für eine sinnvolle Verwendung von Begriffen wie „Kultur“, „Ethnizität“ oder „Migrationshintergrund“ auch in der Medizin betont. Als wichtigste Forschungsmethode der Kultur- und Sozialanthropologie vermittelt die Ethnographie differenzierte Einblicke in die jeweils konkrete Ausprägung der komplexen Zusammenhänge zwischen Krankheit, Medizin und „Kultur“ – jenseits von Stereotypien und unter explizitem Einschluss der im Einzelfall relevanten sozialen, religiösen, ökonomischen und rechtlichen, aber auch medizinischen Aspekte. Der Artikel verdeutlicht die Umsetzung dieser Perspektive in der medizinischen Ausbildung exemplarisch anhand von drei Lehreinheiten des Kurses an der JLU Gießen: Ein Modul zum Thema „Islam und Medizin“, eines zu psychosomatischen Aspekten und eine dritte Einheit, in der Sozialarbeiterinnen eines lokalen Migrationsdienstes unmittelbare Einblicke in die reale Lebenswirklichkeit von Migrant/innen vermitteln.

[Summary: Scientific evaluation of EMDR psychotherapy].

Science.gov (United States)

Haour, F; de Beaurepaire, C

2016-06-01

The evaluation of psychotherapy methods is made difficult by their practical and theoretical diversities as well as the increasing number of available therapies. Evaluation based on scientific criteria in randomized control trials is providing the highest level of proof and recognition by Health Agencies. A recently described integrative psychotherapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), developed by F. Shapiro since 1989, has been confronted with the validation procedure used in pharmacological treatment. It was of interest to review the scientific validation steps carried out for this EMDR psychotherapy and for its mechanisms of action. The practical and methodological protocol of the EMDR psychotherapy for trauma integration is reviewed as well as clinical results and mechanisms. This EMDR therapy, focused on the resolutions of traumas, was started by treating patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). The integrative EMDR protocol obtained the highest level of efficiency, for PTSD treatment, twenty years after its first publication. The efficiency of the protocol is now under study and scientific evaluation for troubles in which the trauma experiences are triggers or factors of maintenance of the troubles: anxiety, depression, phobia, sexual troubles, schizophrenia, etc. This new integrative psychotherapy follows the pathways and the timing observed for the evaluation and the validation of other therapies. Copyright © 2016 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

EINE UNTERSUCHUNG UBER DIE NUTZUNG DER WINDENERGIE IN DER WELT UND IN DER TURKEI

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Aydoğan ÖZDAMAR

2000-02-01

Full Text Available In dieser Arbeit wurde die Nutzung der in Zukunft bei der Energieversorgung eine wichtige Rolle zuspielende Windenergie allgemein bewertet. Zu dem Zweck wurde zuerst Potential und geschichtliche Entwicklung der Windenergienutzung in der Welt und in der Türkei, Entstehung des Windes und Windmessungen betrachtet. Anschließend wurden Kritiken über die Unstetigkeit der Windenergie, der Deckung des Energiebedarfs eines Hauses vollständig von Windenergie und der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Windstroms behandelt und Antworten mit konkreten Beispielen auf diese Kritiken gegeben.

Der Wandel der Erwerbsformen und der Beitrag der Hartz-Reformen: Berlin und die Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Vergleich

OpenAIRE

Oschmiansky, Heidi

2007-01-01

"Seit den 1980er Jahren wird der Wandel der Erwerbsformen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland immer stärker sichtbar. Während die sozial abgesicherte, abhängige und unbefristete Vollzeiterwerbsform - das sog. 'Normalarbeitsverhältnis' - seither leicht an Bedeutung verloren hat, zeigen sich bei den übrigen Erwerbsformen zum Teil hohe Zuwächse und eine zunehmende Differenzierung. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den Wandel der Erwerbsformen zwischen 1985 und 2005 auf Basis von Mikrozensus-Daten...

Social Background, Civic Education and Political Participation of Young People – the German Case

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Holger Onken

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Due to social and political change the process of young citizens’ political socialization was put on a new basis in West European democracies over the last decades. In this article we discuss some aspects of this development and show their consequences. We analyse empirical findings from Germany, focussing on the relevant social factors which influence the individual propensity to participate in politics. The impact of the financial and economic crisis in Europe on political attitudes will also be considered, taking in account sociological aspects. Based on the empirical findings we discuss implications for civic education. In contrast to many discussions in literature about this issue, in which the focus is on the need to put the various influences of political socialization into a broader context, we argue that the parental social background is the crucial upstream factor, prior to e.g. civic education. The conclusion indicates that a group‐specific educational approach, taking into account the social background, is the most promising one for reaching the normative goal of civic education: Politically self‐determined citizens. Aufgrund der sozialen und politischen Veränderungen ist die politische Sozialisation Jugendlicher in den Westeuropäischen Demokratien auf eine neue Grundlage gestellt worden. In diesem Beitrag diskutieren wir Aspekte dieser Entwicklung und zeigen, welche Folgen sich aus diesen ergeben. Wir analysieren empirische Befunde aus Deutschland mit dem Schwerpunkt auf die Frage, welche sozialen Faktoren relevant sind für die individuelle politische Partizipationsbereitschaft. Der Einfluss der Finanz‐ und Wirtschaftskrise in Europa auf politische Einstellungen wird dabei ebenfalls betrachtet. Dies geschieht unter Berücksichtigung der soziologischen Aspekte. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse Fragen wir nach den Folgen für die politische Bildung. Im Gegensatz zu dem in der Literatur häufig vertretenen Ansatz, die politische

Ayurvedic concepts related to psychotherapy.

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Behere, Prakash B; Das, Anweshak; Yadav, Richa; Behere, Aniruddh P

2013-01-01

The perfect balance of mind, body and soul is considered as complete health in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has its own identity as most ancient and traditional System of Medicine in India. Even Ayurveda emphasizes its treatment modalities into three parts viz. Satwawajay Chikitsa, Yuktivyapashray and Daivyapashray Chikitsa. Sattvavajaya therapy mentioned in Charakasamhita and it used as new concept of psychotherapy in Ayurveda. The effectiveness of "traditional mental health promoting practices" was identified as health regimens (swasthvrtt), correct behavior (sadvrtt), and yoga. Sattvavajaya as psychotherapy, is the mental restraint, or a "mind control" as referred by Caraka, is achieved through "spiritual knowledge, philosophy, fortitude, remembrance and concentration. Ayurvedic psychotherapy would play a dual role: First, as a revival of authentic medical culture, the exercise of a practice with an assumed primordial dimension, and second as a discovery of authentic subjectivity, the revelation of a self with an assumed interior depth. When we integrate the contemporary art of psychotherapy with the ancient science of Ayurveda, it becomes a powerful combination that is called Psycho Veda. The integration of Psycho and Veda is motivated by the complete integration of the immense but fairly contemporary view of the mind, emotions and psyche and how this performs in our lives. Integrating Psychotherapy and Vedic principles teaches us how to rediscover critical knowledge and awareness of the natural forces and rhythms that compliment and strengthen our human experience, through the understanding of the psyche and what our inner experiences are and also involving practical daily activities with thorough attention to our total environment to bring about radical changes in our mental outlook and in physical health.

Group Analytic Psychotherapy in Brazil.

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Penna, Carla; Castanho, Pablo

2015-10-01

Group analytic practice in Brazil began quite early. Highly influenced by the Argentinean Pichon-Rivière, it enjoyed a major development from the 1950s to the early 1980s. Beginning in the 1970s, different factors undermined its development and eventually led to its steep decline. From the mid 1980s on, the number of people looking for either group analytic psychotherapy or group analytic training decreased considerably. Group analytic psychotherapy societies struggled to survive and most of them had to close their doors in the 1990s and the following decade. Psychiatric reform and the new public health system have stimulated a new demand for groups in Brazil. Developments in the public and not-for-profit sectors, combined with theoretical and practical research in universities, present promising new perspectives for group analytic psychotherapy in Brazil nowadays.

Multicultural approaches in psychotherapy: A rejoinder.

Science.gov (United States)

Owen, Jesse; Leach, Mark M; Wampold, Bruce; Rodolfa, Emil

2010-12-20

In this rejoinder, the authors address several issues raised by R. L. Worthington and F. R. Dillon (2011) and C. R. Ridley and M. Shaw-Ridley (2011) regarding (a) the measurement of multicultural competencies (MCCs), (b) sampling considerations in multicultural research, and (c) the conceptual frame of multicultural psychotherapy research. The authors challenge the wisdom of exploring MCCs in psychotherapy research and provide a different framework to understand therapists' multicultural effectiveness with clients based on their cultural race/ethnicity. Additionally, the concept of therapists' multicultural orientation or approach is introduced to illuminate the process of aligning with clients about salient cultural issues in psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Group Supervision in Psychotherapy. Main Findings from a Swedish Research Project on Psychotherapy Supervision in a Group Format

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Ogren, Marie-Louise; Sundin, Eva C.

2009-01-01

Psychotherapy supervision is considered crucial for psychotherapists in training. During the last decades, group supervision has been a frequently used format in many countries. Until recently, very few studies had evaluated the small-group format for training of beginner psychotherapists and psychotherapy supervisors. This article aims to…

Gratitude in cognitive psychotherapy

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Natalia C. Moyano

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Gratitude is a cognitive-affective state caused by the recognition that one has received a benefit from an external agent, due to the good intentions of this agent. Despite the evidence that associate gratitude with subjective well being, psychological well being, physical health and copping with stressful events, it is not enough taken in consideration in an academic level and in its interaction with psychotherapy instruments as well. In this article, the central concepts and information provided by the research are revised, intending to analyze possible ways to include gratitude into Cognitive Psychotherapy. 

Sozialkapital - ein neues OECD-Programm : Bericht über die Tagung 'Measuring Social Capital' Budapest 21.-23. Mai 2003

OpenAIRE

Gehmacher, Ernst

2003-01-01

'Der Begriff 'Sozialkapital' bezieht sich auf Formen gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalts, die politischen, sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Nutzen bringen. Unter dem Eindruck, dass sich traditionelle Normen, Vertrauensverhältnisse und Bindungen auflösen und in Zukunft neue soziale Bindungen Bedeutung gewinnen werden, hat die OECD das Programm 'Measuring Social Capital' organisiert: bis 2004 sollen statistische Indikatoren und Survey-Fragen für vergleichende Studien entwickelt werden. Nach einem Übe...

Renaturalisierung sozialer Ungleichheit: Eine (Neben-)Folge gesellschaftlicher Modernisierung

OpenAIRE

Wehling, Peter

2004-01-01

"Legitimationsfähig sind in modernen Gesellschaften bekanntlich nur solche sozialen Ungleichheiten, die auf 'erworbenen' Merkmalen beruhen, während Benachteiligungen aufgrund 'natürlicher', askriptiver Eigenschaften als inakzeptabel gelten. Dahinter steht offenbar die Vorstellung der eindeutigen Unterscheidbarkeit zwischen 'Natur' und 'Gesellschaft', die für die okzidentale Moderne und ihr Selbstverständnis konstitutiv ist. Was aber bedeutet es für die Erzeugung, Wahrnehmung und Legitimation ...

FUNKTIONSLOGIK TERRORISTISCHER PROPAGANDA IM BEWEGTEN BILD

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Stefan Christoph

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Die Medienfront ist heute ein wichtiger Kriegsschauplatz, den viele neben Land, Wasser und Luft für gleich wichtig halten. Terroristen fühlen sich in sozialen Medien wohler als man denken könnte. Im Netz können sie die asymmetrische Kräfteverteilung überwinden, die sie in der offenen Feldschlacht unterlegen sein ließe. Terroristen machen sich das Bild zur Waffe und produzieren erst durch die Positionierung an der Medienfront Sinn in ihren Taten. Ohne ein Bekennerschreiben, ein Abschiedsvideo des Attentäters oder ein letztes Posting im sozialen Netzwerk wäre ein Bombenanschlag nichts als ein Kapitalverbrechen. Durch die terroristische Kommunikationsstrategie wird das Verbrechen erst zum terroristischen Akt. Das ist die theoretische Grundannahme dieses Aufsatzes. Ohne Medienberichterstattung könnten terroristische Organisationen nicht existieren. Durch die Entwicklung des Web 2.0 und insbesondere sozialer Medien kommen terroristische Organisationen heutzutage aber ganz ohne das Verschicken von Videotapes an Fernsehsender aus. Durch YouTube und andere Kanäle, können sie die Adressaten ihrer Botschaften direkt und ohne zwischengeschaltete Journalistinnen und Journalisten erreichen. So ist es nicht erstaunlich, dass terroristische Organisationen sich eine gewisse Expertise im Umgang mit sozialen Medien zugelegt haben. Al-Qaida hat seine eigene Medienabteilung, auch die kolumbianischen FARC arbeiten sehr professionell und welchen Einfluss der Islamische Staat im Internet ausübt ist inzwischen bereits Gegenstand einiger Reportagen und Untersuchungen geworden. Die diesem Aufsatz zugrundeliegende Arbeit hat sich mit neun verschiedenen Videos aus dem Umfeld von al-Qaida, der IRA und der FARC beschäftigt und versucht, aus dem analytischen Vergleich dieser Videos Rückschlüsse über terroristische Medienmacher und die terroristischen Organisationen selbst zu ziehen. Wie schnell und suggestiv die Videos arbeiten, ist etwa davon abh

Culture and demoralization in psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

de Figueiredo, John M; Gostoli, Sara

2013-01-01

In most societies, members of a culture have attempted to help each other in times of trouble with various types of healing methods. Demoralization - an individual experience related to a group phenomenon - responds to certain elements shared by all psychotherapies. This article has three objectives: (1) to review the theoretical background leading to our current views on culture and demoralization in psychotherapy, (2) to discuss the methodological challenges faced in the cross-cultural study of demoralization and psychotherapy, and (3) to describe the clinical applications and research prospects of this area of inquiry. Demoralization follows a shattering of the individual's assumptive world and it is different from homeostatic responses to a stressful situation or from depressive disorders. Only a few comparative studies of this construct across cultures have been undertaken. The presentation of distress may vary widely from culture to culture and even within the same culture. To avoid 'category fallacy', it is important to understand the idioms of distress peculiar to a cultural group. A cultural psychiatrist or psychotherapist would have to identify patient's values and sentiments, reconstruct his/her personal and collective ambient worlds, and only then study demoralization. The limitations of our current diagnostic systems have resulted in methodological challenges. Cultural clinicians should consider using a combination of both 'clinimetric' and 'perspectivistic' approaches in order to arrive at a diagnosis and identify the appropriate intervention. The presenting problem has to be understood in the context of the patient's individual, social and cultural background, and patients unfamiliar with Western-type psychotherapies have to be prepared to guide their own expectations before the former are used. Future research should identify the gaps in knowledge on the effectiveness of cultural psychotherapy at reversing or preventing demoralization. Copyright �

CASE STUDIES IN INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY PART 2 (EDITORIAL

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Gregor Žvelc

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Announcement of the special issue of the International Journal of Integrative Psychotherapy, which is dedicated to the exploration and discussion of an integrative psychotherapy case study.

PERSONALITY THEORY IN INTEGRATIVE PERSONALITY-ORIENTED RECONSTRUCTIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY

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V I Kurpatov

2010-01-01

approaches. V.N. Myasishchev's theory of personality relations in association with its universality, as well as pathogenetic psychotherapy may be the basis for the integration of other methods of psychotherapy

Practice Parameter for Psychodynamic Psychotherapy with Children

Science.gov (United States)

Medicus, Jennifer

2012-01-01

This Practice Parameter describes the principles of psychodynamic psychotherapy with children and is based on clinical consensus and available research evidence. It presents guidelines for the practice of child psychodynamic psychotherapy, including indications and contraindications, the setting, verbal and interactive (play) techniques, work with…

Interpersonal Psychotherapy: Past, Present and Future

OpenAIRE

Markowitz, John C.; Weissman, Myrna M.

2012-01-01

The authors briefly describe the origins, theory, and development of interpersonal psychotherapy: its roots in clinical outcome research, its spread from major depression to other psychiatric disorders and its increasing dissemination as an empirically validated clinical intervention included in treatment guidelines. They attempt to forecast research, organizational and training issues the growing interpersonal psychotherapy community may face in the future.

[Psychotherapy of depression in old age].

Science.gov (United States)

Wächtler, C

2013-02-01

Depression in old age is common and also dangerous due to somatic comorbidity and suicide; however, it is often not recognized and not adequately treated. Psychotherapy is almost never offered to the elderly. However, clinical experience, single-case studies and some controlled trials show effectiveness--at least to the age of 75. The psychotherapist must be aware of unusual transference and countertransference between a younger therapist and elderly patient. Psychotherapy in old age requires some modifications, especially concerning special interest in biography and history, strong empathy, "container function", and focusing. In the future, psychotherapy for the elderly should be both investigated and educated more. In addition, it is hoped that psychotherapists offer to treat elderly people with depression and that more older patients accept this professional help.

Metaphor in Psychotherapy

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Nergis Lapsekili

2014-08-01

Full Text Available A metaphor is a figüre of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or an action that it does not literally denote in order to imply a resemblence. Metaphor has been an essential feature of human communication from time immemorial: fairy tales, parables, provers are all examples of metaphor. Human beings regularly use metaphors to communicate with each other, so it is reasonable to expect this figüre of speech to have a place in the process of communication we call psychotherapy. As well as carefully planned and developed majör metaphoric stories to achieve specific therapeutic goals, anectodes, similes, analogies, parables and other brief metaphorical statements, relationship metaphors, tasks with metaphorical meanings, objects can be used with their metaphorican meaning in psychotherapy. Stories when properly constucted and told, are usually more interesting than straight expositions of the points one wishws to make. Of course it is possible to construct boring stories or to tell good stories in a boring way. But well thought out and well narrated stories, told in the right context ca inspire people to undertake tasks and think about things they would not have considered before. Stories, because they deal indirectly with issues and have meanings that are in varying degrees veiled, tend to be less threatening and confronting than direct statements. Listeners are free to take stories at their face value, if their implicit meaning is unacceptable to them at the time. And this result will not damage the existing therapist-client rapport. Suggesting solutions to problems, helping people to recognize themselves, increasing motivation, reframing and redefining problems, reminding subjects of their own resources are all the benefits of clinical uses of metaphors in psychotherapy. In this text, the description of metaphor and usage of metaphor in psychotherapy will be reviewed with samples. [JCBPR 2014; 3(2.000: 116-125

Zum Begriff der kommunikativen function in der Linguistik

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Stojan Bračič

1987-12-01

Full Text Available In diesem Artikel soli der Funktionsbegriff in der Linguistik diskutiert  werden, insbesondere der Begr'iff der kotnmunikativen Funktion. Es geht· nur um eine allge­ meine Behandlung  von Charakteristiken des Begriffs kommunikative Funktion. Am Anfang  wird eine Rdhe bekannter und doch recht miterschiedlicher Bedeutungsin­ terpretationert des Funktionsbegriffs in der Linguistik  übersichtlich angeführt. Das zweite Unterkapitel versucht  es, sich mit verschiedenen  Gesichtspunkteri der  nach Wilhelm SCHMIDT definierten  kommunikativen Funktion auseinanderzusetzen: u. a. mii ihrer Verwurzelung  in der funktional  korrimunikativen Sprachbesc4reibung, mit dem  Unterscheiden  von kommunikativen Funktionen auf  verschiedenen  Ebe­ nen (kommunikative Funktion des Textes,  kommunikative Funktion der  Aus­ drucksmittel, kommunikative Funktion der Sprache  bzw. des Sprachsystems, fer­ nei: zieht es eine hypothetisch  annehmbare rezeptive Komponente der kommunikati­ ven Funktion heran  und macht schließlich den Versuch einer Distinktion zwischen direkter  (unmittelbarer ud indirekter  (mittelbarer Ausprägung einzelner koriimu­ nikativer Funktionert. Es wird auch auf die Funktion verwiesen, die der Text für den Rezipienten  hat.  Der Abschluß bringt zusammenfassend die wesentlichen Erkennt­ nisse dieses Beitrags.

Consequences of Psychotherapy Clients' Mental Health Ideology.

Science.gov (United States)

Milling, Len; Kirsch, Irving

Current theoretical approaches to understanding emotional difficulties are dominated by the medical model of mental illness, which assumes that emotional dysfunction can be viewed the same way as physical dysfunction. To examine the relationship between psychotherapy clients' beliefs about the medical model of psychotherapy and their behavior…

Book Review Psychotherapy and Phenomenology By Ian Rory ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Book Review Psychotherapy and Phenomenology By Ian Rory Owen (2006) ... Psychotherapy and Phenomenology: On Freud, Husserl and Heidegger. New York: iUniverse. Soft Cover (352 ... AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE ...

[Systemic therapies--a contribution to psychotherapy integration].

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Schiepek, Günter

2012-06-01

Some converging lines from neuroscience, neurobiological psychotherapy research, process-outcome-research, internet-based change monitoring and the systems and complexity sciences actually allow for an open and generic definition of systemic therapies. The "family" of systemic therapies as designed here is not restricted to the field of psychotherapy. It is a scientifically founded and engaged, bio-psycho-social multi-level approach to a common or integrative psychotherapy, not restricted to a psychotherapeutic confession or exclusively to family or couples therapy. A core element of systemic therapy is the support of self-organizing processes and the use of data-driven feedback tools. The conclusion goes to a modified concept of evidence-based practice and, vice versa, practice-based evidence, to an integration of the medical model and the common factors model into a self-organization theory of human change processes, and to a list of criteria for scientifically based practice in psychotherapy. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Der II. Hauptsatz der Wärmelehre

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Heintze, Joachim

Wir haben in (4.44) den II. Hauptsatz als empirische Tatsache folgendermaßen formuliert: (i) Wärmeenergie geht von selbst nur von einem wärmeren Körper auf einen kälteren über, niemals in der umgekehrten Richtung. Nun werden wir beweisen, dass sich aus diesem Prinzip folgende äquivalente Formulierungen für den II. Hauptsatz ableiten lassen: (ii) Es ist unmöglich, ein Perpetuum mobile zweiter Art zu bauen, d. h. eine Maschine, die fortlaufend Wärmeenergie vollständig in mechanische Arbeit umsetzen kann. Eine Wärmekraftmaschine, die einen Kreisprozess mit der höchsten Temperatur Tw und der niedrigsten Temperatur Tk durchläuft, hat höchstens den Carnotschen Wirkungsgrad c = (Tw - Tk)/Tw. Wenn in der Maschine nur reversible Prozesse ablaufen, die gesamte Wärmezufuhr bei der Temperatur Tw erfolgt und ausschließlich bei der Temperatur Tw gekühlt wird, ist ihr Wirkungsgrad = C. Es gibt keine Wärmekraftmaschine, die eine bessere Ausnutzung der Wärmeenergie ermöglicht. (iv) In jedem thermodynamischen System existiert die Zustandsgröße Entropie, definiert durch ihr Differential dS = (dQrev)/T . Entropie kann erzeugt, aber nicht vernichtet werden. Bei Zustandsänderungen, die in einem abgeschlossenen System ablaufen, nimmt die Entropie entweder zu (irreversible Prozesse), oder sie bleibt konstant (reversible Prozesse). Im Anschluss an (iii) werden wir zur Definition der thermodynamischen Temperatur und bei der Diskussion von (iv) zu einem tieferen Verständnis der Entropie gelangen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Entropie das eigentliche Bindeglied zwischen Mechanik und Wärmelehre darstellt. Am Ende des Kapitels werden wir einige Anwendungen des II. Hauptsatzes betrachten.

Types of Psychotherapy for Pathological Gamblers

OpenAIRE

Fong, Timothy W.

2005-01-01

Several types of psychotherapy are currently used to treat pathological gamblers. These include Gambler's Anonymous, cognitive behavioral therapy, behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy, and family therapy. Research into which types of psychotherapy are the most effective for pathological gambling is limited but is a growing area of study. Group therapy, namely Gambler's Anonymous, provides peer support and structure. Cognitive behavior therapy aims to identify and correct cognitive distor...

Women, money, and psychodynamic group psychotherapy.

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Motherwell, Lise

2002-01-01

Developmental concerns and sociocultural expectations may keep female patients and therapists from addressing financial issues openly in group psychotherapy. Interpersonal theory provides a different view of nurturing that may help women leaders deal better with financial discussions in group. This paper includes a review of the literature on group psychotherapy and fees; feminist literature relevant to leadership; money management in group therapy; countertransference; and case examples.

Platz der Östrogene in der Primärprävention der Osteoporose

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Birkhäuser M

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Die Gabe von Östrogenen allein (EET oder Östrogene + Gestagen (HET führt zu einer signifikanten Senkung des Frakturrisikos. Die Osteoporoseprävention bleibt in der frühen Postmenopause nach Meinung der Schweizerischen (SMG, der Europäischen (EMAS und der Internationalen (IMS Menopausengesellschaften einer der gesicherten Nutzen einer Östrogengabe und somit eine Therapie der ersten Wahl zur Frakturprävention bei Frauen in der Peri- und frühen Postmenopause. Bei schweren klimakterischen Beschwerden sind EET oder HET das unbestritten wirksamste Therapieprinzip (Hauptindikation einer EET/HET. Die gleichzeitig gesicherte Frakturprävention ist bei der Behandlung des klimakterischen Syndroms ein erwünschter günstiger Nebeneffekt. Jede EET/HET muss individualisiert sein und soll nur solange erfolgen, als sie notwendig ist. Bei gegebener Indikation kann die EET oder HET über die üblichen 3–5 Jahre hinaus fortgesetzt werden. Bei vorzeitiger Menopause (vor dem 40. Altersjahr und früher Menopause (vor dem 45. Altersjahr besteht eine absolute Indikation zum Beginn einer EET/HET. Frauen mit vorzeitiger Ovarialinsuffizienz benötigen meist höhere Dosierungen als solche mit zeitgerechter Menopause. Die EET/HET soll auch aus Gründen der Osteoporoseprävention mindestens bis zum normalen Menopausenalter weitergeführt werden (51– 52 Jahre. Bei Beginn einer HET innerhalb von 10 Jahren nach der Menopause oder in einem Alter von bis zu 60 Jahren überwiegt bei gegebener Indikation der Nutzen die Risiken. Dies muss bei der Behandlungswahl bei jüngeren postmenopausalen Frauen mit erhöhtem Osteoporoserisiko wieder vermehrt berücksichtigt werden, vor allem, wenn gleichzeitig klimakterische Beschwerden vorliegen.

Teilchen, Felder, Quanten von der Quantenmechanik zum Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik

CERN Document Server

Ecker, Gerhard

2017-01-01

Dieses Buch bietet Ihnen eine Einführung in den aktuellen Stand unseres Wissens über die Struktur der Materie. Gerhard Ecker beschreibt verständlich die Entwicklung der modernen Physik vom Beginn des Quantenzeital­ters bis zum Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik, der umfassenden Theorie der fundamentalen Wechselwir­kungen des Mikrokosmos. Dabei wird der Schwerpunkt auf die wichtigsten Entdeckungen und Entwicklungen, beispielsweise der Quantenfeldtheorie, der Eichtheorien und die Zukunft der Teilchenphysik, gelegt. Besonders hebt der Autor auch das Wechselspiel zwischen Theorie und Experiment hervor, die uns helfen, die tiefsten Rätsel der Natur zu ergründen. Teilchen, Felder, Quanten ist für alle geschrieben, die Freude an der Physik haben. Es bietet Abitu­rienten und Studierenden der Physik in den ersten Semestern einen Ansporn, die Physik tiefer zu verstehen. Lehrer und andere an der Phy­sik Interessierte werden darin nützliche Einblicke in die Welt der Teilchenphysik finden. Für Studierende in ...

Editorial: Visuelle Methoden in der Forschung

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Horst Niesyto

2005-06-01

zu visuellen Materialien stattgefunden. Inspiriert durch Modelle der Kunst- und Filmwissenschaft, der Medienwissenschaft und der Cultural Studies gibt es jetzt auch im deutschsprachigen Raum erste sozial-, erziehungs- und medientheoretische Versuche, visuelles Material in Forschungskontexten methodisch ernster zu nehmen. Ausdruck davon sind Publikationen wie das Handbuch «Foto- und Filmanalyse in der Erziehungswissenschaft» (Ehrenspeck/Schäffer 2003, die Tagungsdokumentation «Selbstausdruck mit Medien: Eigenproduktionen mit Medien als Gegenstand der Kindheits- und Jugendforschung» (Niesyto 2001 oder verschiedene Beiträge im Online-Magazin «MedienPädagogik» über «Methodologische Forschungsansätze» (Ausgabe 1/2001. Begonnen hatte dieser Prozess insbesondere in der Jugendforschung. So öffneten sich Teilbereiche der Jugendforschung auch für visuelle Methoden der Erhebung und Dokumentation. Zu erwähnen sind in diesem Zusammenhang u.a. Foto-Portraits im Rahmen der Shell-Jugendstudie von 1992, einzelne Projekte im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms «Pädagogische Jugendforschung» (1980-1986 sowie Projekte der medienpädagogischen Praxisforschung auf der Basis von Eigenproduktionen mit Video (z.B. Projekt «VideoCulture – Video und interkulturelle Kommunikation». Diese Eigenproduktionen können als Forschungsdaten genutzt werden; es lassen sich über sie auch weitere verbale Äusserungen anregen. Vor allem dann, wenn die sprachlichen Kompetenzen der Subjekte gering bzw. noch wenig ausgeprägt sind (Kinder, Migranten, Menschen aus benachteiligenden sozialen Milieus, ist es wichtig, non-verbale Äusserungsformen anzubieten (vgl. das aktuelle EU-Projekt «Chicam». In einer Zeit, in der Wahrnehmung und Welterleben von Kindern und Jugendlichen stark von Medienerfahrungen geprägt sind, eröffnet Forschung auf der Grundlage von Eigenproduktionen einen ergänzenden bzw. alternativen Zugang zu deren Lebenswelten. Die aktuelle Online-Ausgabe «Visuelle Methoden

Is Exposure Necessary? A Randomized Clinical Trial of Interpersonal Psychotherapy for PTSD

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Markowitz, John C.; Petkova, Eva; Neria, Yuval; Van Meter, Page E.; Zhao, Yihong; Hembree, Elizabeth; Lovell, Karina; Biyanova, Tatyana; Marshall, Randall D.

2015-01-01

Background Exposure to trauma reminders has been considered imperative in psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). No treatment benefits all patients, however. We tested Interpersonal Psychotherapy, which has demonstrated antidepressant efficacy and showed promise in pilot PTSD research, as a non-exposure-based, non-cognitive behavioral PTSD treatment. Methods A randomized, fourteen-week trial compared Interpersonal Psychotherapy; Prolonged Exposure, an exposure-based exemplar; and Relaxation Therapy, an active control psychotherapy. Subjects were 110 unmedicated patients having DSM-IV chronic PTSD and Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score >50. Randomization stratified for comorbid major depression. We hypothesized Interpersonal Psychotherapy would be no more than minimally inferior (CAPS difference 30% CAPS improvement) were: Interpersonal Psychotherapy 63%, Prolonged Exposure 47%, Relaxation Therapy 38% (n.s.). Interpersonal psychotherapy and Prolonged Exposure CAPS outcome differed by 5.5 points (n.s.); the null hypothesis of more than minimal Interpersonal Psychotherapy inferiority was rejected (p=0.035). Patients with comorbid major depression dropped out from Prolonged Exposure nine times more than non-depressed Prolonged Exposure patients. Interpersonal Psychotherapy and Prolonged Exposure improved quality of life and social functioning more than Relaxation Therapy. Conclusions This first controlled study of individual Interpersonal Psychotherapy for PTSD demonstrated non-inferiority to the “gold standard” PTSD treatment. Interpersonal Psychotherapy had (non-significantly) lower attrition and higher response rates than Prolonged Exposure. Contradicting a widespread clinical belief, PTSD treatment may not require cognitive behavioral exposure to trauma reminders. Moreover, as differential therapeutics, patients with comorbid major depression may fare better in Interpersonal Psychotherapy than Prolonged Exposure. PMID:25677355

THE FEMINIST APPROACH TO PSYCHOTHERAPY INTEGRATION

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Lorena Božac Deležan

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The goal of Integrative Psychotherapy is to establish full inner and external contact (Moursund & Erskine, 2004. The most important goal in feminist therapy is the transformation of an individual as well as the transformation of the society as a whole (Herlihy & Corey, 2004. In my work I attempt to integrate both: to help the client establish inner and external contact, but also help him/her to become aware and recognize inner messages connected with his/her gender and replace them with constructive beliefs of his/her own, as well as for him/her to learn, regardless of his/her gender, to trust his/her intuition and experience. In this article I present my approach to integration in psychotherapy and the way I use feminist principles in Integrative Psychotherapy.

The Effectiveness of Western Psychotherapy in treating ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of mental disorders in the western world but viewed as an alien method of treatment to Africans. Aim: To review the literature on the effectiveness of psychotherapy in sub- Saharan Africa. Method: A systematic search of Medline, PsychINFO, ...

Promoting Efficacy Research on Functional Analytic Psychotherapy

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Maitland, Daniel W. M.; Gaynor, Scott T.

2012-01-01

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a form of therapy grounded in behavioral principles that utilizes therapist reactions to shape target behavior. Despite a growing literature base, there is a paucity of research to establish the efficacy of FAP. As a general approach to psychotherapy, and how the therapeutic relationship produces change,…

Characteristics of Patients Involved in Psychotherapy in Bosnia and Herzegovina

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Sabina Alispahić

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of Bosnian and Herzegovinian patients involved in psychotherapeutic treatments in order to explore the current situation of psychotherapy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.Methods: The study included 213 patients (154 women and 47 men undergoing diverse psychotherapeutic treatments. Data about demographic and clinical characteristics were collected by questionnaire. Following characteristics were documented: age, sex, education, employment status, marital status, specific problem that got the client involved in psychotherapy, type of psychotherapy, and use of psychopharmacology.Results: Majority of the patients undergoing psychotherapy are age up to 40 and female. They are by vast majority holding a university degree and are employed. Nearly equal number of patients is living in partnership or marriage compared to single or never been married. Most frequent reasons for getting involved in the psychotherapy treatment are of the intrapersonal nature (depression, anxiety and panic attacks. Majority of the patients were involved in gestalt and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, and at the same time majority of those were not prescribed medicaments.Conclusions: We point out and overview some of the most prominent socio-demographic traits of patients undergoing psychotherapy, the ones that could be important in the future research with the higher degree of control. In the terms of personal initiative, psychotherapy stops being a taboo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, there is still a long path until it reaches integration in daily life of the people.

ALS Ice Bucket Challenge: Warum die Kampagne über einen „Tsunami Effekt“ beim Spendenverhalten Eisberge versetzen kann

OpenAIRE

Decieux, Jean Philippe Pierre

2015-01-01

Im Sommer 2014 beherrschte eine Kampagne die sozialen Medien, welche auf originelle Art und Weise auf die Nervenkrankheit Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose (ALS) aufmerksam machen und dadurch Spendengelder für die Erforschung dieser Krankheit generieren wollte. Im Rahmen der sogenannten ALS-Ice-Bucket-Challenge-Kampagne gossen sich die Hauptdarsteller/innen von kleinen Internetclips eiskaltes Wasser über den Kopf und nominierten im Anschluss weitere Personen für die Challenge. Die Herausforderung bz...

Do Underachievers Need Sociology?

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Aladin El-Mafaalani

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a promising model for using sociological learning to support the education of young people who are socially disadvantaged or display behavioral problems. A great many of these students are trapped in patterns of negative behavior. The goal of the model is to enable these young people to think explicitly about the role they are playing and to encourage them to strike out in a new direction. To this end, Erving Goffman’s sociological insights are used to stage a theatrical performance about school. This approach is informed by the microsociological tradition of proceeding from the concrete to the abstract in order to facilitate inductive learning and self-reflection. Goffman’s theory of social action provides the social-theoretical background for the theatrical action, while also serving as a medium of contrast for the analysis of the individual, interaction, and institution in subsequent reflections about school. In this way, sociological theory not only serves as a theoretical foundation for the lesson, but is also explicitly its subject.Der Aufsatz zeigt eine erfolgversprechende Möglichkeit auf, soziologisches Lernen als Beitrag zur Förderung sozial benachteiligter und verhaltensauffälliger Jugendlicher in der Schule zu implementieren. Die meisten dieser Schüler sind in ihren Handlungsmustern gefangen. Ziel ist es, diesen Jugendlichen die Möglichkeit zu eröffnen, bewusst über ihre Rolle nachzudenken und einen anderen Weg einzuschlagen. Hierfür werden Erkenntnisse aus Erving Goffman‘s Soziologie für ein schulisches Schauspiel genutzt, um ganz im Sinne der mikrosoziologischen Tradition vom Konkreten auf das Abstrakte zu schließen und damit induktives Lernen sowie Selbstreflexion zu ermöglichen. Goffman‘s Theorie sozialen Handelns bildet für das szenische Spiel zunächst das sozialtheoretische Hintergrundrauschen, um schließlich in der Reflexion der sozialen Situation in der Schule als Kontrastmittel f

Affirmative LGBT psychotherapy: Outcomes of a therapist training protocol.

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Pepping, Christopher A; Lyons, Anthony; Morris, Eric M J

2018-03-01

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people seek psychotherapy at high rates, and the importance of providing culturally appropriate and LGBT-affirmative psychotherapy has been widely acknowledged. Despite this, remarkably little research has investigated the effects of therapist training in LGBT-affirmative psychotherapy. Here we examined the effectiveness of a training protocol for LGBT-affirmative psychotherapy with 96 mental health professionals, ranging in therapeutic experience from LGBT clients following the training. Therapists also displayed reductions in homo-negativity and trans-negativity. Therapists' characteristics did not influence the extent to which they benefited from training. Specifically, years of clinical experience, therapist religiosity, and therapist psychological flexibility were unrelated to changes in attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The results of this study clearly suggest that providing training in LGBT-affirmative psychotherapy can enhance therapists' attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Of particular importance is that the benefits associated with such training appear to hold regardless of therapists' characteristics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Applications of Mindfulness in Psychotherapy – Contemporary Dilemmas

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Borut ŠKODLAR

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Mindfulness has without doubt been the fastest spreading and most popular concept in psychotherapy in the last two decades. Its influence exceeds that of any other individual concept or approach in modern psychotherapy. However, there are many dilemmas, open questions and controversies related to this rapid, almost fanatic spread, which obviously compensates for a certain lack in modern Euro- and Americo-centric societies. Similarly, we are witnessing in the West a lack of reflection, a process of limitless idealization, and the search for a panacea. This all flows with a tint of colonialism, presumptuously taking over ideas, concepts and techniques without a proper study of the primary sources, and with all the accompanying negative side-effects: profiteering, self-promotion, unethical conduct, empty promises of instant rewards, and so on. In the present paper, the development of interest in mindfulness in psychotherapy, as well as the research findings and dilemmas, and concepts and mechanisms of applying mindfulness in psychotherapy, will be reviewed. The main purpose of the paper is to contribute to the critical reflection in studying and applying mindfulness in psychotherapy.

Integrative Treatment of Personality Disorder. Part I: Psychotherapy.

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Jovanovic, Mirjana Divac; Svrakic, Dragan

2017-03-01

In this paper, we outline the concept of integrative therapy of borderline personality, also referred to as fragmented personality, which we consider to be the core psychopathology underlying all clinical subtypes of personality disorder. Hence, the terms borderline personality, borderline disorder, fragmented personality, and personality disorder are used interchangeably, as synonyms. Our integrative approach combines pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, each specifically tailored to accomplish a positive feedback modulation of their respective effects. We argue that pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of personality disorder complement each other. Pharmacological control of disruptive affects clears the stage, in some cases builds the stage, for the psychotherapeutic process to take place. In turn, psychotherapy promotes integration of personality fragments into more cohesive structures of self and identity, ultimately establishing self-regulation of mood and anxiety. We introduce our original method of psychotherapy, called reconstructive interpersonal therapy (RIT). The RIT integrates humanistic-existential and psychodynamic paradigms, and is thereby designed to accomplish a deep reconstruction of core psychopathology within the setting of high structure. We review and comment the current literature on the strategies, goals, therapy process, priorities, and phases of psychotherapy of borderline disorders, and describe in detail the fundamental principles of RIT.

Establishing psychiatric registrars' competence in psychotherapy: a portfolio based model.

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Naidu, T; Ramlall, S

2008-11-01

During most of the latter part of the last century, South Africa has followed international trends in the training of psychiatrists. Training programmes have become increasingly focused on the neurobiological aspects of psychiatric disorders with less attention being paid to psychotherapy. This is consistent with developments in psychiatric research. In the clinical arena this manifests as a focus on pharmacological and medically based interventions and a resulting relative inattention to non-pharmacological interventions, most especially psychotherapy. In an effort to address this imbalance there has been an international initiative, over the past two decades, to establish an acceptable level of competence in psychotherapy in the training of psychiatrists. A South African programme is needed that can take account of international trends and adapt them for the local context. In order to produce a programme for establishing competence in psychotherapy for psychiatric registrars at the Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, the authors examine directives for the development of psychotherapy skills from international regulatory bodies for graduate medical training and their application. Defining and setting preliminary standards for competence is emphasized. A programme based on five core psychotherapy components using a portfolio based model to facilitate learning and assessment of competence in psychotherapy, is proposed.

Bentuhua: culturing psychotherapy in postsocialist China.

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Zhang, Li

2014-06-01

The breathless pace of market reform in China has brought about profound ruptures in socioeconomic structures and increased mental distress in the population. In this context, more middle-class urbanites are turning to nascent psychological counseling to grapple with their problems. This article examines how Chinese psychotherapists attempt to "culture" or indigenize (bentuhua) three imported psychotherapy models in order to fit their clients' expectations, desires, and sensibilities: the Satir family therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and sandplay therapy. It addresses three interrelated questions: What is the role of culture in adopting, translating, and recasting psychotherapy in contemporary China? How is cultural difference understood and mobilized by therapists in the therapeutic encounter? What kind of distinct therapeutic relationship is emerging in postsocialist China? Data presented here are drawn from my semistructured interviews and extensive participant observation at various counseling offices and psychotherapy workshops in the city of Kunming. My ethnographic account suggests that it is through constant dialog, translation, and re-articulation between multiple regimes of knowledge, cultural values, and social practices that a new form of talk therapy with "Chinese characteristics" is emerging. Finally, I reflect upon what this dialogic process of transformation means for psychotherapy as a form of globally circulating knowledge/practice.

Deconstructing Risk Management in Psychotherapy Supervision.

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Kroll, Jerome; Radden, Jennifer

2017-12-01

In the ongoing controversy over how much regulation and standardization to impose on clinical practice and research, it is not surprising that the activity of psychotherapy supervision should be swept up in the drive for uniformity. The managers amongst us want to regulate and institutionalize all aspects of practice. In opposition, many clinicians resist the relentless march toward the safety of uniformity travel alongside managerial imposition of regulations. Psychotherapy supervision's method of a close apprenticeship relationship between supervisor and trainee and its focus on the process and ethics of professional interaction stand at the humanistic core of what is otherwise becoming an increasingly mechanistic model of providing care to persons with mental illness. Our commentary picks up on these themes as it reviews the work by Mehrtens et al about strengthening awareness of liability in psychiatry residency training programs. We argue that the practice of psychiatry is overburdened by documentation requirements. In imposing further record-keeping on psychotherapy supervision, we lose much more than we gain. We recommend that the supervisory process focus on the characterological virtues essential to functioning as an ethical therapist. We also argue that self-protective rules place restraints on possibilities for imaginative insights and innovations in psychotherapy. © 2017 American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.

Narrative research in psychotherapy: a critical review.

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Avdi, Evrinomy; Georgaca, Eugenie

2007-09-01

This paper is a review of studies which utilise the notion of narrative to analyse psychotherapy. Its purpose is to systematically present this diverse field of research, to highlight common themes and divergences between different strands and to further the development and integration of narrative research in psychotherapy. The paper reviews studies which employ an applied textual analysis of narratives produced in the context of psychotherapy. Criteria for inclusion of studies are, firstly, the analysis of therapeutic and therapy-related texts and, secondly, the adoption of a narrative psychological perspective. The studies were examined on the basis of the notion of narrative they employ and the aspects of client narratives they focus on, and were grouped accordingly in the review. The majority of the studies reviewed assume a constructivist approach to narrative, adopt a representational view of language, focus primarily on client micro-narratives and relate to cognitive-constructivist and process-experiential psychotherapeutic approaches. A smaller group of studies assume a social constructionist approach to narrative and a functional view of language, focus on micro-narratives, highlight the interactional and wider social aspects of narrative and relate to postmodern trends in psychotherapy. The range of conceptualisations of narrative in the studies reviewed, from a representational psychological view to a constructionist social view, reflects tensions within narrative psychology itself. Moreover, two trends can be discerned in the field reviewed, narrative analysis of therapy, which draws from narrative theory and utilises the analytic approaches of narrative research to study psychotherapy, and analyses of narrative in therapy, which study client narratives using non-narrative qualitative methods. Finally, the paper highlights the need for integration of this diverse field of research and urges for the development of narrative studies of psychotherapy

New parity, same old attitude towards psychotherapy?

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Clemens, Norman A

2010-03-01

Full parity of health insurance benefits for treatment of mental illness, including substance use disorders, is a major achievement. However, the newly-published regulations implementing the legislation strongly endorse aggressive managed care as a way of containing costs for the new equality of coverage. Reductions in "very long episodes of out-patient care," hospitalization, and provider fees, along with increased utilization, are singled out as achievements of managed care. Medical appropriateness as defined by expert medical panels is to be the basis of authorizing care, though clinicians are familiar with a history of insurance companies' application of "medical necessity" to their own advantage. The regulations do not single out psychotherapy for attention, but long-term psychotherapy geared to the needs of each patient appears to be at risk. The author recommends that the mental health professions strongly advocate for the growing evidence base for psychotherapy including long-term therapy for complex mental disorders; respect for the structure and process of psychotherapy individualized to patients' needs; awareness of the costs of aggressive managed care in terms of money, time, administrative burden, and interference with the therapy; and recognition of the extensive training and experience required to provide psychotherapy as well as the stresses and demands of the work. Parity in out-of-network benefits could lead to aggressive management of care given by non-network practitioners. Since a large percentage of psychiatrists and other mental health professionals stay out of networks, implementation of parity for out-of-network providers will have to be done in a way that respects the conditions under which they would be willing and able to provide services, especially psychotherapy, to insured patients. The shortage of psychiatrists makes this an important access issue for the insured population in need of care.

Riots - Zur Verortung eines unscharfen Phänomens

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Janna Frenzel

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Bei riots handelt es sich um unscharfe Phänomene, die von urbanen Jugendaufständen bis zu gewaltvoll eskalierenden Demonstrationen reichen. Auch der Begriff riot ist trotz seiner teils regen Verwendung in Medien und Wissenschaft nach wie vor diffus und unscharf. Neben diesen konzeptionellen Leerstellen gibt es in den Sozialwissenschaften bisher kein klar umrissenes Forschungsfeld zu riots. Auch der Sozialen Bewegungsforschung gelingt es nicht, riots als Protestphänomene zu fassen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Lücken im Forschungsstand versucht sich der vorliegende Text an einer wissenschaftlichen Verortung von riot als Phänomen und als Begriff. Dabei werden zwei zentrale Aspekte der bisherigen sozialwissenschaftlichen Debatte zu riots untersucht: das Verhältnis zwischen riots und Gewalt sowie das Verhältnis zwischen riots und dem Politischen. Normal 0 21 false false false DE X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} Bei riots handelt es sich um unscharfe Phänomene, die von urbanen Jugendaufständen bis zu gewaltvoll eskalierenden Demonstrationen reichen. Auch der Begriff riot ist trotz seiner teils regen Verwendung in Medien und Wissenschaft nach wie vor diffus und unscharf. Neben diesen konzeptionellen Leerstellen gibt es in den Sozialwissenschaften bisher kein klar umrissenes Forschungsfeld zu riots. Auch der Sozialen Bewegungsforschung gelingt es nicht, riots als Protestphänomene zu fassen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Lücken im Forschungsstand versucht sich der vorliegende Text an einer wissenschaftlichen Verortung von riot als Phänomen und als Begriff. Dabei werden zwei zentrale Aspekte der

Technology-enhanced human interaction in psychotherapy.

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Imel, Zac E; Caperton, Derek D; Tanana, Michael; Atkins, David C

2017-07-01

Psychotherapy is on the verge of a technology-inspired revolution. The concurrent maturation of communication, signal processing, and machine learning technologies begs an earnest look at how these technologies may be used to improve the quality of psychotherapy. Here, we discuss 3 research domains where technology is likely to have a significant impact: (1) mechanism and process, (2) training and feedback, and (3) technology-mediated treatment modalities. For each domain, we describe current and forthcoming examples of how new technologies may change established applications. Moreover, for each domain we present research questions that touch on theoretical, systemic, and implementation issues. Ultimately, psychotherapy is a decidedly human endeavor, and thus the application of modern technology to therapy must capitalize on-and enhance-our human capacities as counselors, students, and supervisors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Frankfurter Frauenzimmer um 1800 Frankfurter Broads around 1800

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Gisela Engel

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Der von Ursula Kern herausgegebene Sammelband dokumentiert mit acht wissenschaftlichen Essays und einem ausführlichen Katalogteil den gegenwärtigen Stand der Forschung zu bürgerlichen Frauen in Frankfurt am Main zwischen 1750 und 1820. Der Band veranschaulicht die kulturellen, sozialen und ökonomischen Handlungsspielräume von bürgerlichen Frauen innerhalb einer städtischen Kultur, die ihnen den Zugang zur politischen Macht verwehrte.The collected volume published by Usula Kern, which includes eight scholarly essays and an extensive catalogue, documents the current state of research on bourgeois women living in Frankfurt am Main between 1750 and 1820. The volume demonstrates the cultural, social, and economic latitude of bourgeois women in an urban culture that refuses them access to political power.

[Body-centered psychotherapy IKP (Institute of Body-Centered Psychotherapy): holistic psychotherapy].

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Maurer-Groeli, Y

1996-03-01

Body centered Psychotherapy IKP is treated in this article under the aspect of a holistic approach. First the theory and the system of science are summarised and shown as to which amount they are changing concerning knowledge of details and wholeness. It is pointed out that the actual paradigma "to the depth" has to be completed by that of "wideness". The way of holistic-multirelational thinking, stating a diagnosis and doing therapy is demonstrated along a case study going on at the background of a therapeutic encounter-relationship which is emotionally warm (Gestalt-approach).

Lost in Transition: Examining Transitions in Psychotherapy Training.

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Tan, Adrienne; Philipp, Diane; Malat, Jan; Feder, Victor; Kulkarni, Chetana; Lawson, Andrea; So, Vivien; Ravitz, Paula

2015-10-01

Disruptions are inevitable during psychiatry residency training and can affect resident learning and patient care. This exploratory study examined the nature and impact of transitions in psychotherapy training. PGY2-5 residents (45/150; 30% response rate) and psychotherapy supervisors (46/247; 18.6% response rate) were surveyed about transitional events during residency training in psychotherapy. Supervisors and residents ranked the frequency of occurrence of transitional events and their impact very similarly, as well as the "feed forward" items when transitioning to a new supervisor. Residents feeling confused or overwhelmed with the balancing of learning differing models with differing levels of comfort or knowledge was ranked as the issue that occurred most frequently by both supervisors and residents. This study highlights issues that arise at transitions during psychotherapy training in psychiatry residency. Strategies for managing these periods are discussed, with a focus on resident learning and improved continuity of patient care.

Competency in integrative psychotherapy: perspectives on training and supervision.

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Boswell, James F; Nelson, Dana L; Nordberg, Samuel S; McAleavey, Andrew A; Castonguay, Louis G

2010-03-01

Increasingly, many psychotherapists identify with an integrative approach to psychotherapy. In recent years, more attention has been directed toward the operationalization and evaluation of competence in professional psychology and health care service delivery. Aspects of integrative psychotherapy competency may differ from competency in other psychotherapy orientations, although convergence is more often the case. Despite the potential differences, there exist very few formal training programs or guidelines to systematically guide clinicians in developing a competent integrative practice. This paper attempts to distill the essential elements of competent integrative psychotherapy practice and focuses on how these might be developed in training and supervision. We address most of these complex issues from a specific integrative perspective: principle-based assimilative integration. PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved

Meilensteine in der Erforschung der kompakten Objekte

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Camenzind, Max

Kompakte Objekte besitzen zum einen eine sehr hohe Dichte, und zum anderen sind sie durch die Tatsache charakterisiert, dass keine nuklearen Reaktionen mehr in ihrem Inneren stattfinden können. Aus diesem Grund können sie im Unterschied zu gewöhnlichen Sternen der Gravitation nicht mehr mit dem Druck des thermischen Gases widerstehen. In den Weißen Zwergen bzw. Neutronensternen wird der Gravitation der Quantendruck eines Elektronengases bzw. einer Neutronenflüssigkeit entgegengesetzt. Ein solches Gas besteht aus Elektronen bzw. Neutronen, die auf ihr niedrigstes Energieniveau zusammengepresst wurden. Durch die daraus resultierende hohe Bewegungsenergie der Fermionen wird der sogenannte Quantendruck erzeugt.

The Grandmaternal Transference in Parent-Infant/Child Psychotherapy

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Dugmore, Nicola

2013-01-01

The psychic significance of the figure of the grandmother in psychodynamic psychotherapy has received scant attention. This paper develops the concept of the "grandmaternal transference" in parent-infant psychotherapy and explores its identification, its possible functions and its therapeutic significance. The grandmaternal transference has…

Psychotherapy Utilization Among Rural and Urban Veterans From 2007 to 2010.

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Mott, Juliette M; Grubbs, Kathleen M; Sansgiry, Shubhada; Fortney, John C; Cully, Jeffrey A

2015-01-01

This study evaluated change in rural and urban veterans' psychotherapy use during a period of widespread effort within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) to engage rural veterans in mental health care. National VHA administrative databases were queried for patients receiving a new diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder in fiscal years (FY) 2007 and 2010. Using the US Department of Agriculture Rural-Urban Continuum Codes, we identified urban (FY 2007: n = 192,347; FY 2010: n = 231,471) and rural (FY 2007: n = 72,923; FY 2010: n = 81,905) veterans. Veterans' psychotherapy use during the 12 months following diagnosis was assessed. From FY 2007 to 2010, the proportion of veterans receiving any psychotherapy increased from 17% to 22% for rural veterans and 24% to 28% for urban veterans. Rural veterans were less likely to receive psychotherapy across both fiscal years; however, the magnitude of this disparity decreased significantly from 2007 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.51) to 2010 (OR = 1.41). Similarly, although urban veterans received more psychotherapy sessions, urban-rural disparities in the receipt of 8 or more psychotherapy sessions decreased over the study period (2007: OR = 2.32; 2010: OR = 1.69). Rural and urban veterans are increasingly making use of psychotherapy, and rural-urban gaps in psychotherapy use are shrinking. These improvements suggest that recent VHA efforts to engage rural veterans in care have been successful at reducing differences between rural and urban veterans with respect to access and engagement in psychotherapy. © 2014 National Rural Health Association.

NONVERBAL STORIES: THE BODY IN PSYCHOTHERAPY

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Richard G. Erskine

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Emotional experience is stored within the amygdala and the limbic system of the brain as affect, visceral, and physiological sensation without symbolization and language. These significant memories are expressed in affect and through our bodily movements and gestures. Such body memories are unconscious non-symbolized patterns of self-in-relationship. Several methods of a body centered psychotherapy are described and clinical case examples illustrate the use of expressive methods within a relational psychotherapy.

Reflections on Individual Psychotherapy with University Students: What Seems to Work

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Pinkerton, Rolffs; Talley, Joseph E.; Cooper, Stacie L.

2009-01-01

The authors offer reflections on what seems to work in individual psychotherapy with university students. Discussion centers around the topics of triage and disposition, referral, crisis intervention, stress management, open-ended psychotherapy, extratherapeutic factors, and the psychotherapy relationship. These observations are not intended to be…

Psychotherapy use in bipolar disorder: Association with functioning and illness severity.

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Sylvia, Louisa G; Thase, Michael E; Reilly-Harrington, Noreen A; Salcedo, Stephanie; Brody, Benjamin; Kinrys, Gustavo; Kemp, David; Shelton, Richard C; McElroy, Susan L; Kocsis, James H; Bobo, William V; Kamali, Masoud; McInnis, Melvin; Friedman, Edward; Tohen, Mauricio; Bowden, Charles L; Ketter, Terence A; Singh, Vivek; Calabrese, Joseph; Nierenberg, Andrew A; Rabideau, Dustin J; Elson, Constance M; Deckersbach, Thilo

2015-05-01

This study examines characteristics of individuals with bipolar disorder who sought psychotherapy versus those who did not. Bipolar CHOICE was an 11-site comparative effectiveness study of lithium versus quetiapine in symptomatic outpatients (N = 482) with bipolar disorder. At baseline, participants' psychotherapy use within the past 3 months, mood, functioning, and overall health were assessed. Logistic regressions were used to test whether psychotherapy users and non-users differed on various demographic and clinical variables at baseline. Mixed-effects regression was used to determine whether psychotherapy groups differed on response to treatment over the 6-month study. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank tests were employed to test whether there were any differences in time to recovery (CGI-BP ≤ 2 for at least 8 weeks) between the groups. Thirty one percent of participants reported using psychotherapy services. Psychotherapy users reported greater medication side effect burden than non-users and were more likely to have moderate to high suicide risk and at least one anxiety disorder. Participants not utilizing medications or psychotherapy had greater mania symptom severity, were younger, and less educated than medication only users. Medication only users were more likely to be married than the other participants. These data suggest that a minority of individuals with bipolar disorder attend psychotherapy services, and those that do have greater illness burden. © The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists 2015.

Katarina Schritt: Ernährung im Kontext von Geschlechterverhältnissen. Analyse zur Diskursivität gesunder Ernährung. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2011.

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Jana Rückert-John

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Katarina Schritt geht in ihrem Buch von der These aus, dass Essen und Ernährung soziale Phänomene sind. Ihr Anliegen ist es, den sozialen Charakter von Ernährung anhand des Diskurses um ‚gesunde‘ Ernährung zu verdeutlichen. Anhand des Ernährungsberichts der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung belegt sie, dass es in der naturwissenschaftlich geprägten Ernährungsforschung kaum Ansätze gibt, die empirischen Befunde in einen sozialen Erklärungszusammenhang zu stellen. Dem setzt sie eine konstruktivistische Perspektive entgegen und zeigt, dass das Ernährungsverhalten als Produkt von Geschlechterrollenerwartungen zu begreifen ist. In dieser Lesart erscheinen geschlechtlich konnotierte Lebensmittel, Praktiken ‚gesunder‘ Ernährung und Ernährungswissen als Geschlechterrollenattribute, mittels derer geschlechtliche Identität hergestellt wird.Katarina Schritt starts her book with the thesis that eating and nutrition are social phenomena. It is her goal to illustrate the social character of nutrition on the basis of the discourse on ‘healthy’ eating. Using the nutrition report of the German Nutrition Society, she proves that the scientifically informed Nutrition Research offers barely any approaches to relate the empirical findings to a socially oriented explanatory framework. She opposes this with a constructivist perspective and shows that eating habits are to be understood as a product of gender role expectations. In this interpretation, gender connoted food, practices of ‘healthy’ eating, and knowledge about nutrition manifest themselves as attributes of gender roles by means of which gender identity is constructed.

The influence of psychotherapy on marriage typology

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Staniszewski Mirosław

2016-07-01

Full Text Available The article analyses the influence of psychotherapeutic group work on matrimonial relations. Such questions are put up in the research as if participating of one of the married couples in a group psychotherapy could indirectly influence the other partner, and also if the type of matrimony could change under the influence of psychotherapy, for example from hierarchical to the partner’s. The article generalizes the classification of marriage types and pays special attention on the types that can be subject to the positive changes as a result of psychotherapeutic influence. Actuality and value of this research lay in estimation of the ability of psychotherapy to influence the matrimony on the whole in case when only one of the partners takes part in the therapy.

HELPFUL ASPECTS OF THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP IN INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY

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Karmen Urška Modic

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This article describes a qualitative study of helpful aspects of the therapeutic relationship in Integrative Psychotherapy. Participants of the study were sixteen clients who were in the process of Integrative Psychotherapy for at least a year. Participants were interviewed with the adapted version of the Change Interview (Elliott, 1999, which involves a semi-structured empathic exploration of the client's experience in therapy. The analysis of the clients’ experience of Integrative Psychotherapy revealed six categories of helpful aspects of therapeutic relationship: the therapist’s empathic attunement, the therapist’s acceptance, the match between the client and the therapist, feelings of trust and safety, feeling of connection, and experience of a new relational experience. Based on results of the research, we developed a model of the healing relationship in integrative psychotherapy. This model describes the interrelatedness of these six helpful aspects of the therapeutic relationship. The categories of empathic attunement and acceptance proved to be the most important categories relating to the therapist’s contribution to the healing therapeutic relationship. Clients described that the therapist’s empathic attunement and acceptance influenced the development of safety and trust, feelings of connection and promotion of new relational experiences. The results of this study are discussed in relation to the theories of Integrative Psychotherapy and research regarding the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy.

Umsetzung der Unternehmensstrategie mit der Balanced Scorecard

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Crespo, Isabel; Bergmann, Lars; Portmann, Stefan; Lacker, Thomas; Lacker, Michael; Fleischmann, Jürgen; Kozó, Hans

Die Balanced Scorecard (BSC) ist ein Ansatz zum strategischen Management, der neben der Ausrichtung des Unternehmens auf finanzielle Zielwerte ebenso großes Gewicht auf so genannte weiche Faktoren legt, die den wirtschaftlichen Erfolg eines Unternehmens erst ermöglichen. Das entscheidende Merkmal der Balanced Scorecard ist dabei, dass sie ein ausgewogenes System strategischer Ziele herstellt, welches das Unternehmen hinsichtlich der vier Perspektiven Finanzen, Kunden, interne Prozesse und Mitarbeiter und Potenziale strategisch ausrichtet (Kaplan u. Norton 1997).

The Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy Strategies Scale

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McLeod, Bryce D.; Weisz, John R.

2010-01-01

Most everyday child and adolescent psychotherapy does not follow manuals that document the procedures. Consequently, usual clinical care has remained poorly understood and rarely studied. The Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy-Strategies scale (TPOCS-S) is an observational measure of youth psychotherapy procedures…

Ethics and aims in psychotherapy: a contribution from Kant.

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Callender, J S

1998-08-01

Psychotherapy is an activity which takes many forms and which has many aims. The present paper argues that it can be viewed as a form of moral suasion. Kant's concepts of free will and ethics are described and these are then applied to the processes and outcome of psychotherapy. It is argued that his ideas, by linking rationality, free will and ethics into a single philosophical system, offer a valuable theoretical framework for thinking about aims and ethical issues in psychotherapy.

DYNAMICS OF THE ANXIETY DISORDERS IN THE COURSE OF SHORT-TERM PSYCHOTHERAPY

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T.N. Hmylova

2008-06-01

Full Text Available The tendency of psychotherapy modern concepts referring to the short-term forms having been taken into account, we carried out the research aimed at the study of short-term form personality-oriented psychotherapy effect on the anxiety disorder dynamics. 103 patients with neurotic disorders were examined in the neurosis and psychotherapy department of the Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute. The findings revealed the situational and personal anxiety level to be objectively decreased in the short-term group psychotherapy course. The short-term group psychotherapy was proved to bean effective method in anxiety disorders treatment considering indications and limitations.

Use of Psychotherapy by Rural and Urban Veterans

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Cully, Jeffrey A.; Jameson, John P.; Phillips, Laura L.; Kunik, Mark E.; Fortney, John C.

2010-01-01

Purpose: To examine whether differences exist between rural and urban veterans in terms of initiation of psychotherapy, delay in time from diagnosis to treatment, and dose of psychotherapy sessions. Methods: Using a longitudinal cohort of veterans obtained from national Veterans Affairs databases (October 2003 through September 2004), we extracted…

Obstacles to early career psychiatrists practicing psychotherapy.

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Clemens, Norman A; Plakun, Eric M; Lazar, Susan G; Mellman, Lisa

2014-09-01

Though psychiatric residents are expected to be competent psychotherapists on graduation, further growth in skill and versatility requires continued experience in their ongoing career. Maturity as a psychotherapist is essential because a psychiatrist is the only mental health provider who, as a physician, can assume full responsibility for biopsychosocial patient care and roles as supervisor, consultant, and team leader. Graduating residents face an environment in which surveys show a steady and alarming decline in practice of psychotherapy by psychiatrists, along with a decline in job satisfaction. High educational debts, practice structures, intrusive management, and reimbursement policies that devalue psychotherapy discourage early career psychiatrists from a practice style that enables providing it. For the early-career psychiatrist there is thus the serious risk of being unable to develop a critical mass of experience or a secure identity as a psychiatric psychotherapist. Implementation of parity laws and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) will affect the situation in unpredictable ways that call for vigilance and active response. Additional service and administrative demands may result from the ACA, creating ethical dilemmas about meeting urgent patient needs versus biopsychosocial standards of care. The authors recommend 1) vigorous advocacy for better payment levels for psychotherapy and freedom from disruptive management; 2) aggressive action against violations of the parity act, 3) active preparation of psychiatric residents for dealing with career choices and the environment for providing psychotherapy in their practice, and 4) post-graduate training in psychotherapy through supervision/consultation, continuing education courses, computer instruction, and distance learning.

Review of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy: A Practitioner's Guide.

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Papouchis, Nicholas

2006-01-01

Reviews the book, Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy: A Practitioner's Guide by Nancy McWilliams (see record 2004-16060-000). Nancy McWilliams' book on analytic therapy is her latest contribution to the training needs of young clinicians. The book is organized into chapters that address fundamental issues clinical trainees typically face as they work with patients. To establish the context for describing psychoanalytic work, the first chapter defines what she means by psychoanalytic therapy. The three chapters that follow address what McWilliams means by a psychoanalytic sensibility: how the therapist may be prepared for doing therapy and how the client may be prepared for the experience of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. The next three chapters address the maintenance of boundaries and basic therapy processes. Two case examples follow in chapters eight and nine, and each example is a richly evocative description of the complexity of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. The last three chapters of the book deal with the ancillary lessons of psychoanalytic therapy, the occupational hazards and gratifications of the work, and a final chapter on self-care. This is an excellent book, but it should be read together with other texts on psychoanalytic psychotherapy that describe the treatment process systematically in more technical terms. This is a book written for clinicians in training or for experienced clinicians to use in working with clinical trainees. In this sense, Nancy McWilliams has more than achieved her goal of writing a book that will introduce clinical trainees to the psychoanalytic sensibility of doing psychoanalytic psychotherapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).

Der mediale Habitus in der frühen Kindheit

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Christian Swertz

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Die empirische Untersuchung der Medienkultur 3- bis 6-jähriger Kindergartenkinder steht im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags. Zum Verständnis der Medienkultur wird der Begriff des medialen Habitus verwendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass der Begriff des me-dialen Habitus geeignet ist, um die Medienkultur 3- bis 6-Jähriger zu verstehen, und dass der Ausdruck des medialen Habitus mit einem triangulativen qualitativen Design erfasst werden kann.

A New Language for Child Psychotherapy: A Response to Jerald Kay

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Clark, James J.; Borden, William

2009-01-01

Jerald Kay's article in this issue reviews important research in the areas of adult psychotherapy and neuroscience, and their implications for child psychotherapy. We respond by exploring some of the strengths and limitations of these lines of research and their implications for child psychotherapy development and research. The paper closes with…

Medical psychotherapy of schizophrenia--a dynamic/supportive approach.

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Corradi, Richard B

2004-01-01

Split psychiatric treatment-a psychiatrist prescribing medication while a nonphysician provides or coordinates psychosocial treatments-is common practice, especially in the managed care setting. This influence, along with a focus on the biology of mental illness, has shifted the emphasis in psychiatric education and practice away from psychotherapy. In particular, "psychotherapy" of schizophrenia has gotten short shrift. Since our drugs for schizophrenia do not cure, but only ameliorate, it would be unfortunate if psychiatrists were to become marginalized in a largely prescriptive role. This paper discusses medical psychotherapy of schizophrenia-an integrated treatment in which the psychiatrist provides the comprehensive care that such a chronic biopsychosocial illness requires.

Attachment style and readiness for psychotherapy among psychiatric outpatients.

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Kealy, David; Tsai, Michelle; Ogrodniczuk, John S

2017-06-01

Ninety-two adults attending outpatient mental health services completed measures of attachment style and readiness to engage in psychotherapy. Correlation and linear regression analyses found anxious attachment to be positively associated with treatment-seeking distress and found avoidant attachment to be negatively associated with openness to personal disclosure in the therapy relationship. Insecure attachment may influence prospective patients' readiness for psychotherapy. Patients with an avoidant attachment style may need assistance in preparing for the relational aspects of psychotherapy. © 2016 The British Psychological Society.

Therapy 101: A Psychotherapy Curriculum for Medical Students

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Aboul-Fotouh, Frieda; Asghar-Ali, Ali Abbas

2010-01-01

Objective: This pilot project, designed and taught by a resident, created a curriculum to introduce medical students to the practice of psychotherapy. Medical students who are knowledgeable about psychotherapy can become physicians who are able to refer patients to psychotherapeutic treatments. A search of the literature did not identify a…

Die Institution der Sonnenjungfrauen bei den Inkas : ihre Rolle in der Religion und der Gesellschaft / Tarmo Kulmar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kulmar, Tarmo, 1950-

2003-01-01

Ettekanne sümpoosionilt: Gemeinsames Symposium der Evangelisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Universität Tartu, der Estnischen Studiengesellschaft für Morgenlandkunde und der Deutschen Religionsgeschichtlichen Studiengesellschaft. Tartu, 2001

Internet-mediated psychotherapy: Are we ready for the ethical challenges?

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Satalkar, Priya; Shrivastava, Shivanshu; Desousa, Avinash

2015-01-01

Advances in information and communication technology have facilitated the development of online psychotherapy. This form of psychotherapy would provide the developing world with better access to professional mental healthcare services. At the same time, it is prudent to carefully consider the various ethical, legal and regulatory issues involved in online psychotherapy. This paper highlights the major ethical issues involved in the use of online psychotherapy, whether conducted via e-mail, chat rooms or interactive video, and identifies practical solutions for the ethical dilemmas that exist. Many authors and organisations have expressed their opinions on the subject, but no consensus has evolved. The advice offered to psychologists is mostly skewed and the scarcity of literature available to those considering expanding their practice to include online psychotherapy is certainly a source of vexation. While reviewing the existing literature, this paper seeks to describe and discuss the major ethical issues in this area, particularly in India, but many of these issues will be equally applicable to any developing world settings.

Review: Gerd Jüttemann (Hrsg. (2013. Die Entwicklung der Psyche in der Geschichte der Menschheit

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Uwe Krebs

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Der Vorbereitungsband für die Reihe "Die Psychogenese der Menschheit" – ein Sammelband aus 32 Beiträgen, betitelt "Die Entwicklung der Psyche in der Geschichte der Menschheit" und 2013 herausgegeben von Gerd JÜTTEMANN – wird in dieser Besprechung in mehreren Schritten vorgestellt und bewertet. Zunächst wird kontextuell argumentiert, dass die bewährte, empirisch-experimentelle Methodologie der Psychologie zur Vernachlässigung weiterer Erkenntnisverfahren führte, die bei Themen wie dem hier zu besprechenden Werk allein verbleiben und die kurz angesprochen werden. Sodann wird das Werk im Überblick knapp dargestellt und die außergewöhnliche Heterogenität in Inhalten und Methoden betont. Die Besprechung einzelner Beiträge, die nach dem Gesichtspunkt großer Unterschiedlichkeit ausgewählt wurden, schließt sich an. Die abschließende Gesamtbewertung betont den lückenhaften Forschungsstand, die Notwendigkeit der allein verbleibenden qualitativen Methodik mit ihren verschiedenen Möglichkeiten und nennt Desiderata künftigen Vorgehens für diesen thematisch und methodisch interessanten Auftakt-Band, der insbesondere durch Dichte und Verschiedenheit der Beiträge beeindruckt. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1502219

Psychotherapy, consciousness, and brain plasticity

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Daniel eCollerton

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Purely psychological treatments for emotional distress produce lasting, measureable, and reproducible changes in cognitive and emotional consciousness and brain function. How these changes come about illustrates the interplay between brain and consciousness. Studies of the effects of psychotherapy highlight the holistic nature of consciousness. Pre and post treatment functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging localises the brain changes following psychotherapy to frontal, cingulate, and limbic circuits, but emphasise that these areas support a wide range of conscious experiences. Multivoxel Pattern Analysis of distributed changes in function across these brain areas may be able to provide the ability to distinguish between different states of consciousness.

Erschließung der medizinhistorischen Separatasammlungen der Universitätsbibliothek der Medizinischen Universität Wien

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Sabine Wallig; Judith Dögl; Isabella Seidl; Marlene Giesa

2015-01-01

Die Universitätsbibliothek der Medizinischen Universität Wien verfügt über ein wertvolles kulturhistorisches Erbe, das die Geschichte der „Wiener Medizinischen Schule“ repräsentiert. Einen Teil der in der Zweigbibliothek für Geschichte der Medizin beherbergten historischen Literatur bilden die medizinhistorischen Separatasammlungen. Diese Unikate stellen einen unschätzbaren Mehrwert als Quellenmaterial für medizinhistorische und biografische Forschungen dar. Bei den etwa 140.000 Einzele...

Groups as a part of integrated treatment plans : Inpatient psychotherapy for outpatients?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Staats, H

2005-01-01

Group psychotherapy in Germany is well established as part of an integrative treatment plan in inpatient treatment. Outpatient group psychotherapy, however, is conceptualized as a separate treatment option in competition with individual therapy. German guidelines for outpatient psychotherapy exclude

Walter Lorenz – Wegbegleiter und Orientierungspunkt in der interkulturellen Sozialen Arbeit

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2007-05-01

Full Text Available First meeting, common interests and ways together The European Centre for Social Welfare, Training and Research situated in Vienna, was our first meeting place. W. Lorenz was interested in the international comparison of the different concepts and perspectives of social welfare problems in the European countries and the different developments in the training of social professions in Europe. The challenge of intercultural, antiracist social work in the context of Erasmus-Intensive Seminars To organize an intensive seminar with the aim to train students and colleagues for intercultural and antiracist competence in social professions, we formed an European network of European universities and schools of s.w. in Vienna (VIENNET, with the support of ECCE (European Centre of Community Education in Koblenz. “The group discovered that working on these issues in an international context raises issues of ‘difference’ with renewed acuteness”(cit. W. Lorenz. We learned to cope with a variety of differences: biographical, language, theoretical and institutional backgrounds and discourse traditions. A Venue for an Intensive Seminar In choosing a venue for an Intensive Seminar we were relatively free. We locked for a place, “one dream about”, to support in the best way our seminar aims, to promote a base built on knowledge, skills and values particularly in the area of inner/outer borders, disadvantage, ignorance, minorities, majorities, vulnerable groups, racism and xenophobia. In a small village in Burgenland (Austria, very close to the Hungarian border, we thought to have found it. Future Prospect Are we only representatives of our background institutions or did we act and exposed ourselves as persons with a very specific biography and training experience. Can we sustain this created network, as a network of experts and friends in the field of intercultural, antiracist social work? This question is still open.

„Sprache, du heilige“: Sprachreflexionen in der deutschen Dichtung der Bukowina

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Petro Rychlo

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Der Aufsatz befasst sich mit der historischen und kulturellen Rolle der deutschen Sprache in der Bukowina, wo sie zwischen 1875 und 1918 den Status einer offiziellen Staats- und Umgangssprache hatte und sogar nach dem Zerfall der Habsburgermonarchie noch eine Zeitlang auf verschiedenen Ebenen funktionierte. Das verursachte in der Bukowina und besonders in ihrer Hauptstadt Czernowitz die Herausbildung einer deutschsprachigen Literatur, deren Anfänge in die Mitte des 19. Jahrhundert fallen. Zuerst nur als „Heimatliteratur“ begriffen, entwickelte sie sich bald, vor allem auf dem Gebiet der lyrischen Dichtung, zu einem beachtlichen literarischen Phänomen, das in der Zwischenkriegszeit im Werk solcher Dichter wie Alfred Margul-Sperber, Rose Ausländer, David Goldfeld, Alfred Kittner, Moses Rosenkranz, Immanuel Weißglas, Paul Celan, Alfred Gong, Selma Meerbaum-Eisinger ihre höchste Blüte erlebte. Infolge der fortschreitenden Romanisierung des Landes und der Bedrohung des Sprachverlusts greifen um diese Zeit viele Czernowitzer deutschjüdische Dichter öfters zur Sprachproblematik, indem sie sie in ihren Gedichten im tragischen Sinne thematisieren. Nach dem Holocaust und der Emigration aus der Bukowina verwandelt sich die Muttersprache für verbannte Dichter in ein Synonym der Heimat („Mutterland Wort“. Der Artikel analysiert Sprachreflexionen der Czernowitzer Autoren als Strategie des kulturellen und existenziellen Überlebens.

Effects of trauma-focused psychotherapy upon war refugees.

Science.gov (United States)

Kruse, Johannes; Joksimovic, Ljiljana; Cavka, Majda; Wöller, Wolfgang; Schmitz, Norbert

2009-12-01

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a trauma-focused psychotherapy upon war refugees from Bosnia. Seventy refugees who met the criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatoform disorders were included. The first 35 refugees were offered psychotherapy and the following 35 refugees received usual care. Outcome variables were changes in self-reported PTSD symptoms, psychological symptoms, and health status. At 12-month follow-up, participants in the intervention group reported significantly lower scores on the PTSD scale and the measure of psychological symptoms than the comparison group participants. Our results suggest that psychotherapy reduces symptoms of PTSD and somatoform disorders among war refugees even in the presence of insecure residence status.

Die Rolle der Finite-Elemente-Berechnung in der Produktentwicklung

Science.gov (United States)

Esteban, Ignacio

Der Preisdruck wird in allen Industriebranchen immer größer. Aufgrund der Qualitätsstandards gewinnt der Entwicklungsprozess immer mehr an Bedeutung, so dass die Produktkosten durch diese Phase erheblich beeinflusst werden. Die Anwendung computergestützter Konstruktion und Berechnung hat sich als effektives Entwicklungswerkzeug erwiesen, um kürzere Entwicklungszeiten und eine höhere Qualität zu erreichen. Dadurch tragen diese virtuellen Werkzeuge zu niedrigeren Produktkosten bei. Dieser Artikel orientiert sich am Potential der Finite-Elemente (FE)-Berechnung im Entwicklungsprozess. Eine der neuesten Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der FE-Simulation wird am Beispiel einer Werkzeugmaschine präsentiert. In diesem Beispiel wird die Maschinensteuerung in das FE-Modell implementiert, und ein Beschleunigungsvorgang wird simuliert.

Der digitalisierte Forscher

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Storr, Stefan

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Der vorliegende Kommentar bezieht sich auf den Beitrag „Der digitalisierte Forscher“ von Thomas Kröll (ALJ 2/2017, 71. Ausgehend von der Beschreibung der gegenwärtigen Gesellschaft als Wissensgesellschaft werden drei Aspekte angeführt, die die Wissenschaft als System heute kennzeichnen und künftig weitere Bedeutung haben werden: die Gewinnung und Weitergabe von Forschungsdaten, die Bewertung von wissenschaftlichen Leistungen und die Funktion von Universitäten. Der Kommentar schließt mit der Aufforderung, das Grundrecht der Wissenschaftsfreiheit als institutionelle Garantie fortzuentwickeln.

[Utilization of self-help groups and psychotherapy after psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic in-patient treatment].

Science.gov (United States)

Höflich, Anke; Matzat, Jürgen; Meyer, Friedhelm; Knickenberg, Rudolf J; Bleichner, Franz; Merkle, Wolfgang; Reimer, Christian; Franke, Wolfram; Beutel, Manfred E

2007-05-01

Until now little is known about the role of participation in self-help groups alone or combined with psychotherapy in post-in-patient care. In the present study 2933 patients were questioned about their experience of self-help groups and psychotherapy after discharge from a clinic for psychosomatic medicine and psychotherapy. Nearly 8 % of them utilized self-help groups (mostly combined with out-patient psychotherapy), and altogether 68 % out-patient psychotherapy following in-patient treatment. Patients without out-patient treatment were psychologically less burdened and had better resources than participants of self-help groups or psychotherapy. Self-help group members differed from patients in out-patient psychotherapy by expressing a more positive opinion of groupwork and higher openness to new experiences. Additionly, they had discussed the topic of self-help groups more frequently with their therapists. This may be a starting-point for promoting more self-help activities of patients in the future.

Redefining Outcome Measurement: A Model for Brief Psychotherapy.

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McGuinty, Everett; Nelson, John; Carlson, Alain; Crowther, Eric; Bednar, Dina; Foroughe, Mirisse

2016-05-01

The zeitgeist for short-term psychotherapy efficacy has fundamentally shifted away from evidence-based practices to include evidence-informed practices, resulting in an equally important paradigm shift in outcome measurement designed to reflect change in this short-term modality. The present article delineates a short-term psychotherapy structure which defines four fundamental stages that all brief therapies may have in common, and are represented through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, Narrative Therapy, and Emotion-Focused Therapy. These four theoretical approaches were analyzed via a selected literature review through comparing and contrasting specific and common tasks as they relate to the process of psychotherapy and change. Once commonalities were identified within session, they were categorized or grouped into themes or general stages of change within the parameters of a four to six session model of short-term therapy. Commonalities in therapeutic stages of change may more accurately and uniformly measure outcome in short-term work, unlike the symptom-specific psychometric instruments of longer-term psychotherapy. A systematic framework for evaluating the client and clinician adherence to 20 specific tasks for these four short-term therapies is presented through the newly proposed, Brief Task Acquisition Scale (BTAS). It is further proposed that the client-clinicians' adherence to these tasks will track and ultimately increase treatment integrity. Thus, when the client-clinician relationship tracks and evaluates the three pillars of (1) stage/process change, (2) task acquisition, and (3) treatment integrity, the culmination of these efforts presents a new way of more sensitively measuring outcome in short-term psychotherapy. Data collection is suggested as a first step to empirically evaluate the testable hypotheses suggested within this current model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message The

A cost-utility analysis of psychoanalysis versus psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

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Berghout, Caspar C; Zevalkink, Jolien; Hakkaart-van Roijen, Leona

2010-01-01

Despite the considerable and growing body of research about the clinical effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic treatment, relatively little attention has been paid to economic evaluations, particularly with reference to the broader range of societal effects. In this cost-utility study, we examined the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of psychoanalysis versus psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Incremental costs and effects were estimated by means of cross-sectional measurements in a cohort design (psychoanalysis, n = 78; psychoanalytic psychotherapy, n = 104). Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were estimated for each treatment strategy using the SF-6D. Total costs were calculated from a societal perspective (treatment costs plus other societal costs) and discounted at 4 percent. Psychoanalysis was more costly than psychoanalytic psychotherapy, but also more effective from a health-related quality of life perspective. The ICER--that is, the extra costs to gain one additional QALY by delivering psychoanalysis instead of psychoanalytic psychotherapy--was estimated at 52,384 euros per QALY gained. Our findings show that the cost-utility ratio of psychoanalysis relative to psychoanalytic psychotherapy is within an acceptable range. More research is needed to find out whether cost-utility ratios vary with different types of patients. We also encourage cost-utility analyses comparing psychoanalytic treatment to other forms of (long-term) treatment.

A manifesto of community-focused psychotherapy for the social participation: Does individual and group psychotherapy still meet the care needs of the society?

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Simone Bruschetta

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a critical, on a social-political level, of development of psychotherapy, seen as the health discipline, especially in that part of the world called West, scientifically established itself through the evaluation of the effectiveness of its two most common types of setting: Individual and Group- Psychotherapy. Through a social-anthropological interpretation of mental processes which it underpins, and a group analytical analysis of organizational and institutional dynamics that led to its evolution, the authors highlight the significant impasse in which psychotherapy finds itself today compared to new and more pervasive forms of mental suffering. Following on of the latest scientific research on the functioning of the mind and of new policy proposals from the World Health Organization, it is suggested so a form of basic psychotherapy, focused on the quality of the mental health of human contexts, defined Community-Focused Psychotherapy. This new form of psychotherapy is wrong simply understood as a new setting, alongside the classic individual, group, or family setting, but as a political-cultural background and a theoretical-methodological framework, so for different psychotherapeutic treatment (individual, group , family put in place in cases of specific psychopathological symptoms, as for a number of other clinical and social programs, carried out by professionals, workers and (formerly users, who support the empowerment of people, with serious psychological disorders or severe mental illness, in their own social contexts of belonging, and in their own recovery, through the active participation of all those therapeutic processes that support their care. 

Endometriosezentren verschiedener Stufen zur Verbesserung der medizinischen Versorgungsqualität, der Forschung sowie der ärztlichen Fort- und Weiterbildung

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Ebert AD

2008-01-01

Full Text Available In Europa wird die Idee der Qualitätsverbesserung auf dem Gebiet der Endometriose vertieft. Verschiedene "Task Forces" arbeiten mit zum Teil identischen Methoden am gleichen Ziel. Die Bildung spezialisierter Endometriosezentren verbunden mit einer breiten Qualifikation der Ärzte und des medizinischen Personals gehören – begleitet von der Unterstützung der Forschung – ebenso in dieses Spektrum wie die Schulung und Information der betroffenen Frauen sowie die Sensibilisierung der Gesundheitspolitik, der Kostenträger und der Industrie. Vor dem Hintergrund knapper Ressourcen ist eine Bündelung des vorhandenen nationalen und internationalen Engagements absehbar und notwendig. Inwieweit dies zur konsequenten Gründung von einheitlichen nationalen Endometriose-Gruppen als Basis einer europäischen Dachgesellschaft führen könnte, bleibt abzuwarten. Wünschenswert ist es allemal.

Depressed patients’ preferences for type of psychotherapy: a preliminary study

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Yrondi A

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Antoine Yrondi,1 Julie Rieu,1 Claire Massip,1 Vanina Bongard,2 Laurent Schmitt1 1Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, 2Public Health Service, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France Background: The treatment recommendations for depressed patients by the American Psychiatric Association encourage a focus on the patient’s preferences. The focus of this study was the preference of depressed inpatients for the type of psychotherapy. Methods: Twenty-nine subjects of both sexes who were hospitalized with a major depressive episode were interviewed at 5-day intervals with the same questions after the depressive episode resolved, as indicated by a score less than 7 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS. The selection of items was performed by expert consensus. Results: The supportive psychotherapy scores were the highest, followed by psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. The two sessions conducted at 5-day intervals showed no significant difference, which reflected the stability of choices and preferences of patients. Conclusion: In this study, the patients preferred supportive psychotherapy as first-line therapy compared to psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy. Keywords: depression, depressive disorder, psychodynamic psychotherap, supportive psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy

Psychotherapy in psychiatry: the current situation and future directions in Germany.

Science.gov (United States)

Schnell, Knut; Herpertz, Sabine C

2011-11-01

The aim of this article is to review how psychotherapy is dispensed to patients in psychiatric treatment and to render the future perspectives of psychotherapy in psychiatric outpatient and inpatient care in Germany. We demonstrate that--according to the currently available data about healthcare providers, allocation of financial resources and curricular regulations--the presently used definition of the term "psychotherapy" is ambiguous. One major problem for the application of psychotherapy in psychiatry is obviously constituted by the dominance of the major guideline therapies ("Richtlinienverfahren") within psychiatric services. Here, guideline therapies do not meet the needs of a significant proportion of acutely, severely and/or chronically ill psychiatric patients and restrain the application of scientifically approved, disorder-oriented and context compliant interventions in psychiatric practice. As a future perspective, we suggest that the training of psychiatrists should impart profound interpersonal skills and provide the competence to offer psychotherapy within a multimodal, modular, and flexible treatment plan on the background of the self-conception of psychiatry as a medical discipline. Moreover, future concepts of psychiatric psychotherapy should promote an evidence-based selection and application of scientifically approved, disorder-oriented, and integrative treatment methods, which are available in growing number.

Psychotherapy for Suicidal Clients.

Science.gov (United States)

Lester, David

1994-01-01

Reviews various systems of psychotherapy for suitability for suicidal clients. Discusses psychoanalysis, cognitive therapy, primal therapy, transactional analysis, Gestalt therapy, reality therapy, person-centered therapy, existential analysis, and Jungian analysis in light of available treatment options. Includes 36 citations. (Author/CRR)

Using Media to Teach How Not to Do Psychotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Gabbard, Glen; Horowitz, Mardi

2010-01-01

Objective: This article describes how using media depictions of psychotherapy may help in teaching psychiatric residents. Methods: Using the HBO series "In Treatment" as a model, the authors suggest how boundary transgressions and technical errors may inform residents about optimal psychotherapeutic approaches. Results: The psychotherapy vignettes…

Conceptual Frame for Selecting Individual Psychotherapy in the Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Hughes, Tammy L.; Theodore, Lea A.

2009-01-01

Psychotherapy is a service-delivery that is provided for both general and special education students. This manuscript examines a conceptual framework for determining when to employ psychotherapy within the school-based setting. Decisions are informed by the relationship between problem behavior, therapeutic techniques, short-term outcomes, and…

Efficiency of cineradiography in the diagnosis of dysphagia; Effizienz der Hochfrequenzkinematographie in der Diagnostik der Dysphagie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oelerich, M. [Inst. fuer Klinische Radiologie der Univ. Muenster (Germany); Mai, R. [Inst. fuer Klinische Radiologie der Univ. Muenster (Germany); Mueller-Miny, H. [Radiologische Klinik der Univ. Bonn (Germany); Peters, P.E. [Inst. fuer Klinische Radiologie der Univ. Muenster (Germany)

1995-10-01

Dysphagia is a common symptom in clinical practice. Due to the broad spectrum of underlying diseases many disciplines are involved in the therapy and diagnosis of dysphagia, where radiology plays a central role. The radiologist is confronted with different diagnostic problems and has to choose the most appropriate type of investigation. In many cases no organic disorder can be demonstrated by clinical examination, endoscopy or conventional radiological techniques. In this setting cineradiography is an outstanding tool for finding functional or structural changes in the swallowing chain. This study underlines the efficiency of cineradiography in the diagnosis of dysphagia. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die Dysphagie ist in der klinischen Praxis ein haeufiges Symptom. Aufgrund des weiten Spektrums zugrundeliegender Erkrankungen sind zahlreiche Fachdisziplinen mit der Diagnostik und Therapie der Dysphagie befasst, wobei der Roentgendiagnostik eine zentrale Rolle zukommt. Der Radiologe wird mit unterschiedlichen Fragestellungen konfrontiert und muss die geeignete Untersuchungsstrategie festlegen. Haeufig ist durch klinische Untersuchung, Endoskopie und konventionelle Roentgenuntersuchung keine organische Erkrankung nachweisbar. Mit der Hochfrequenzkinematographie steht dann ein Verfahren zur Verfuegung, welches in hervorragender Weise funktionelle und strukturelle Veraenderungen der am Schluckakt beteiligten Organe aufzeigen kann. Die hohe Effizienz der Methode wird in dieser Studie belegt. (orig.)

Advancing psychotherapy and evidence-based psychological interventions.

Science.gov (United States)

Emmelkamp, Paul M G; David, Daniel; Beckers, Tom; Muris, Peter; Cuijpers, Pim; Lutz, Wolfgang; Andersson, Gerhard; Araya, Ricardo; Banos Rivera, Rosa M; Barkham, Michael; Berking, Matthias; Berger, Thomas; Botella, Christina; Carlbring, Per; Colom, Francesc; Essau, Cecilia; Hermans, Dirk; Hofmann, Stefan G; Knappe, Susanne; Ollendick, Thomas H; Raes, Filip; Rief, Winfried; Riper, Heleen; Van Der Oord, Saskia; Vervliet, Bram

2014-01-01

Psychological models of mental disorders guide research into psychological and environmental factors that elicit and maintain mental disorders as well as interventions to reduce them. This paper addresses four areas. (1) Psychological models of mental disorders have become increasingly transdiagnostic, focusing on core cognitive endophenotypes of psychopathology from an integrative cognitive psychology perspective rather than offering explanations for unitary mental disorders. It is argued that psychological interventions for mental disorders will increasingly target specific cognitive dysfunctions rather than symptom-based mental disorders as a result. (2) Psychotherapy research still lacks a comprehensive conceptual framework that brings together the wide variety of findings, models and perspectives. Analysing the state-of-the-art in psychotherapy treatment research, "component analyses" aiming at an optimal identification of core ingredients and the mechanisms of change is highlighted as the core need towards improved efficacy and effectiveness of psychotherapy, and improved translation to routine care. (3) In order to provide more effective psychological interventions to children and adolescents, there is a need to develop new and/or improved psychotherapeutic interventions on the basis of developmental psychopathology research taking into account knowledge of mediators and moderators. Developmental neuroscience research might be instrumental to uncover associated aberrant brain processes in children and adolescents with mental health problems and to better examine mechanisms of their correction by means of psychotherapy and psychological interventions. (4) Psychotherapy research needs to broaden in terms of adoption of large-scale public health strategies and treatments that can be applied to more patients in a simpler and cost-effective way. Increased research on efficacy and moderators of Internet-based treatments and e-mental health tools (e.g. to support

Qualitativ-empirische Forschung in der Psychologie - am Beispiel der Inhaltsanalyse

OpenAIRE

Mayring, Philipp

1994-01-01

Die letzten Jahre haben eine Fülle an qualitativen Forschungsansätzen, sowohl an Designs als auch an Techniken, in der Psychologie gebracht. Im Vergleich mit der weit zurückreichenden qualitativ-geisteswissenschaftlichen Tradition lassen sich einige neue Merkmale hier herausarbeiten: der empirische Ansatzpunkt, die Betonung der Systematik und Überprüfbarkeit im Vorgehen und die Integrierbarkeit mit quantitativen Ansätzen. Dies soll am Beispiel der qualitativen lnhaltsanalyse verdeutlicht werd...

Psychotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Supervision in Danish Psychiatry: Training the Next Generation of Psychiatrists.

Science.gov (United States)

Schmidt, Lasse M; Foli-Andersen, Nina J

2017-02-01

Psychotherapy training is mandatory for physicians to qualify as psychiatrists in Denmark. Evidence for the effectiveness of psychotherapy has increased, and psychotherapy is increasingly included in international treatment guidelines. The authors investigated how psychiatrists in training in Denmark evaluate the opportunities to practice psychotherapy in their training and the quality of the supervision they receive in psychotherapy training, particularly for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The authors conducted a survey regarding psychotherapy training and CBT supervision among psychiatrists in training at Danish psychiatric specialist training courses. They investigated respondents' interest and experience in psychotherapy and respondents' views on the relevance and feasibility of performing psychotherapy and receiving supervision in their psychiatry training. Eighty-eight percent of the psychiatrists in training found psychotherapy to be a relevant part of their training; however, 77 % found it difficult to find time to practice psychotherapy and 44 % felt that practicing psychotherapy was a strain on their employer. Thirty-six percent and 53 %, respectively, had difficulties securing psychodynamic and CBT supervision. In CBT supervision, more than 60 % reported supervision that appeared to be below the expected CBT supervision standard and often so much below it might not qualify as CBT supervision. There is a need to focus on how to better integrate psychotherapy and supervision in the Danish psychiatric training program. Good CBT supervision may be lacking, and a way to ensure high-quality supervision is required.

Die Bedeutung von Interleukon-1 beo der Entstehung der Knochenerosion

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Graninger W

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Die chronische Polyarthritis ist eine immunmediierte entzündliche Erkrankung, die morphologisch durch eine Zerstörung der Gelenksstrukturen und des subchondralen Knochens charakterisiert ist. Obwohl schon in frühen Krankheitsstadien eine gelenksnahe Osteoporose im Nativröntgen sichtbar wird, ist die Richtigkeit der Diagnose radiologisch erst durch den Nachweis jener typischen Knochenzerstörung zu beweisen, die als Usur oder Erosion bezeichnet wird. An der Grenze zwischen dem entzündlichen Zellinfiltrat, das als Pannus makroskopisch und histologisch imponiert, und dem Gelenksknorpel (cartilage-pannus junction kommt es unter dem Einfluß aktivierter Synoviafibroblasten und ihrer Sekretionsprodukte zum Knorpelzelluntergang und zur Zerstörung der Knorpelmatrix. Gleichzeitig kommt es zur Aktivierung von Osteoklasten, die schließlich in der Entstehung der gelenksnahen Erosion und der subchondralen Knochenzysten resultiert.

The current status of psychotherapy | Gureje | West African Journal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

A fundamental understanding about the mechanisms of action of psychotherapy is a promising new development that is emanating from modern techniques of neurosciences and neuroimaging. Whether such understanding will lead to a renaissance in the clinical utility of psychotherapy is still early to say. However, there is ...

Auswirkungen der pharmakologischen Osteoporosetherapie in der Zahnheilkunde

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Gruber R

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Die pharmakologische Osteoporosetherapie greift systemisch in den Knochenumbau ein und erreicht damit auch den Kieferknochen. Die komplexen Auswirkungen auf die Klinik der Parodontologie und Implantologie werden im vorliegenden Beitrag beispielhaft dargestellt. Vitamin D3 fördert die Heilung nach Parodontalchirurgie. Bisphosphonate können die parodontale Situation während der Nachsorgetherapie verbessern und möglicherweise die Einheilung von dentalen Implantaten fördern. Die meisten klinischen Studien zeigen keine negativen Effekte in Bezug auf die Entstehung von Osteonekrosen des Kieferknochens. Die Bedeutung von Strontium für die Zahnheilkunde ist primär in der Kariesprävention angesiedelt. Erste klinische Pilotstudien unterstützen eine mögliche Wirkung von Teriparatid auf die Einheilung dentaler Implantate. Bedeutsam erscheinen die positiven Effekte von Teriparatid bei der Regeneration nach chirurgischer Parodontaltherapie. Die vorliegenden Studien zeigen, dass die pharmakologische Osteoporosetherapie einen positiven Einfluss auf die Klinik der Parodontologie und Implantologie haben kann.

Psychotherapy and Women's Liberation

Science.gov (United States)

Holroyd, Jean

1976-01-01

Personality theories and scientific data on women frequently contribute negatively to the psychotherapy of female clients. This paper examines some of the background factors which have shaped our information about women, and then reviews some contemporaneous approaches to the therapy of women. (Author)

[The Application of Body-Mind-Spirit Integrated Psychotherapy in Nursing Practice].

Science.gov (United States)

Hsiao, Fei-Hsiu

2017-06-01

Body-mind-spirit integrated psychotherapy reflects the core value of nursing by emphasizing the inseparable concept of body, mind, and spirit and caring for the holistic needs of the patient. Body-mind-spirit integrated psychotherapy was developed based on Western psychotherapy (positive psychology and forgiveness therapy), traditional Chinese medicine, and the Eastern philosophies of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. The present paper describes the holistic concepts that underpin this therapeutic approach. Physical health is sustained through proper nutrition, physical relaxation, and harmonized breathing; psychological well-being helps maintain inner peace and harmony in interpersonal relationships; and spiritual well-being helps develop an optimistic and meaningful life. We report on several cases in which body-mind-spirit integrated psychotherapy was applied to the care of clients with depressive disorders and of breast cancer survivors and their partners as well as the related efficacy of this intervention in these cases. Finally, we discuss the potential for culturally-enriched psychotherapy to help clients transform illness suffering into life-growth experiences.

Benefits of Combining Massage Therapy with Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy in Prenatally Depressed Women

OpenAIRE

Field, Tiffany; Deeds, Osvelia; Diego, Miguel; Hernandez-Reif, Maria; Gauler, Andy; Sullivan, Susan; Wilson, Donna; Nearing, Graciela

2009-01-01

One hundred twelve pregnant women who were diagnosed depressed were randomly assigned to a group who received group Interpersonal Psychotherapy or to a group who received both group Interpersonal Psychotherapy and massage therapy. The group Interpersonal Psychotherapy (one hour sessions) and massage therapy (30 minute sessions) were held once per week for six weeks. The data suggested that the group who received psychotherapy plus massage attended more sessions on average, and a greater perce...

[Psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic oriented psychotherapy: differences and similarities].

Science.gov (United States)

Rössler-Schülein, Hemma; Löffler-Stastka, Henriette

2013-01-01

Psychoanalysis as well as Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy derived from Psychoanalysis are efficient methods offered by the Austrian health care system in the treatment for anxiety, depression, personality disorders, neurotic and somatoform disorders. In both methods similar basic treatment techniques are applied. Therefore differentiation between both treatment options often is made pragmatically by the frequency of sessions or the use of the couch and seems to be vague in the light of empirical studies. This overview focuses a potential differentiation-the objective and subjective dimensions of the indication process. Concerning the latter it is to investigate, if reflective functioning and ego-integration can be enhanced in the patient during the interaction process between patient and psychoanalyst. Empirical data underline the necessity to investigate to which extent externalizing defence processes are used and to integrate such factors into the decision and indication process. Differing treatment aims display another possibility to differentiate psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Psychoanalytic psychotherapy aims for example more at circumscribed problem-foci, the capability for self-reflexion is one of the most prominent treatment effects in psychoanalysis that results in on-going symptom reduction and resilience. The most prominent differentiation lies in the utilization of technical neutrality. Within Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy neutrality has sometimes to be suspended in order to stop severe acting out. Empirical evidence is given concerning the differentiation between psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, that treatment efficacy is not correlated with the duration of the treatment, but with the frequency of sessions. Results give support to the assumption that the dosage of specific and appropriate psychoanalytic techniques facilitates sustained therapeutic change.

Die Landschaft in der Geschichte, in der Kultur, in der Kunts und in der Stadtplanung: theoretische Annahmen und Erfahrungen

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Coletta

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Das vorgeschlagene Thema hat das Ziel, dem Konzept der Landschaft eine neue Definition zu geben. Sie soll nicht nur als Umhuellung des staedtischen und laendlichen Territoriums gesehen werden, das besiedelt und produktiv ist, zivilisiet und natuerlich belassen, sondern wie ein lebender Koerper, wenn auch nicht bei bester Gesundheit, der trotz seines Altes noch den vielen Veraenderungen standhaelt. Veraenderungen durch Naturkatatrophen herforgerufen, und besonders durch die vielen Wunden die das Werk der Menschen ihm zugefuegt hat. Als lebendes Wesen leidet die Landschaft und freut sich in guten Zeiten, kleidert sich lieber arm, aber schicklich, als reich und anmassend: Zeuge guter und schlechter Haushaltsfuehrung, jedoch Erbe einer Geschichte die sie erhebt, die Geschichte, Literatur, Ausdruecke der Kunts, kreative Planung beseelt hat. All das ist zusammengefasst in dem Wort "Kultur", die es verdient hat, erworben zu werden, vertieft und den naeschsten Generationen weitergegeben, moeglicherweise noch bereichert von dem, das die heutige Kultur ausarbeiten kann, auch auf dem Weg der Stadtplanung.

Aktuelles aus der "Fallambulanz Urheberrecht" der OER Community

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Angelika Güttl-Strahlhofer

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Im Sommersemester 2014 öffnete die Fallambulanz Urheberrecht der OER Community (Open Educational Resources der Virtuellen Pädagogischen Hochschule (VPH ihre Pforten und behandelte – von LehrerInnen eingelieferte – "PatientInnen" ... Die OER Community wird auch 2015 für alle LehrerInnen offen sein und ist dazu da, die Herausforderungen des Urheberrechts im LehrerInnenberuf wahrzunehmen und gemeinschaftlich Lösungswege zu erarbeiten. Es folgt eine kurze Zusammenfassung der wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der einzelnen Fälle. Für die ausführlicheren Fallbeschreibungen siehe http://www.virtuelle-ph.at/mod/page/view.php?id=50897 oder auch den Diskussionsverlauf im Forum. Neben den Fällen sind noch zwei Werkstattberichte (Bilder-/Musikschwerpunkt und eine OER-Basisinformation ("Tücken freier Bilder" als Ergebnisse der Lernakitvitäten im Sommersemester 2014 beigefügt.

Landschaftsbereiche der Provinz Latina

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Luigi Piemontese

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Das Konzept der Landschaft setz sich zusammen aus verschiedenen Bezugspunkten und Interpretationen, je nach dem Blickpunkt, und ihre Wahnehrung veraendert sich je nach der verschiedenartigen Brille mit der man sie sieht. Der Artikel, geht von der Definition der Landschaft aus, wie sie in der Eurpaischen Konvention zitiert ist :“ Ein Teil des Landes, wie es von seinen Volk gesehen ist, dessen Charakter geformt ist aus naturlichen und menschlichen Faktoren und deren Wechselverhaeltnis”. Er wird fortgefuehrt mit der Identifikation der Landschaftsbereiche der Provinz Latina, die angesehn werden sollen als klimatisch, litologisch und morphologisch aenliche Landschaftsportionen, in denen erstens die Merkmale der Flora und Fauna klar werden und an zweiter Stelle, durch den Gebrauch des Territoriums und die Veraendungen mit denen er es gezeichnet hat, das Tun des Menschen. Die Methodik ruht teilweise auf der Klassifizierung des Territoriums, ausgearbeitet von C.Blasio und dem Konkretfall angeglichen.

Research on psychotherapy integration: building on the past, looking to the future.

Science.gov (United States)

Castonguay, Louis G; Eubanks, Catherine F; Goldfried, Marvin R; Muran, J Christopher; Lutz, Wolfgang

2015-01-01

Integration has become an important and influential movement within psychotherapy practice, reflected by the fact that many treatment providers now identify as integrative. However, integration has not had as great an influence on psychotherapy research. The goal of this paper is to highlight the growing body of research on psychotherapy integration, and to identify future directions for research that may strengthen the integration movement as well as the field of psychotherapy as a whole. We first summarize the past 25 years of research on integration, with a focus on four approaches to integration: theoretical integration, technical eclectic, common factors, and assimilative integration. Next, we identify directions of research within these four areas that could strengthen and support integrative practice. We then propose ways in which the perspective of integrationists could contribute to psychotherapy research in the critical areas of harmful effects, therapist effects, practice-oriented research, and training. We end this paper by suggesting that a greater collaboration between integrationists and psychotherapy researchers will help to create a unified landscape of knowledge and action that will benefit all participants and advance the field.

Der Sport und die traditionelle Bewegungskultur der Aborigines

OpenAIRE

Wrogemann, Ohle

2001-01-01

Bei mehreren Studienaufenthalten in Australien wurde nach den Betrachtungsweisen der deutschen Sportwissenschaft umfangreiches Material der nachstehenden Quellen gesammelt: persönliche Kontakte zu einzelnen Personen, Besuch von öffentlichen und privaten Institutionen, Verfolgen des aktuellen Mediengeschehens, narrative Interviews mit Aborigines, Gespräche mit Experten unterschiedlicher Fachrichtungen, Politikern und Personen der multikulturellen australischen Gesellschaft, Teilnahme ...

Meaning in life in psychotherapy: The perspective of experienced psychotherapists.

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Hill, Clara E; Kanazawa, Yoshi; Knox, Sarah; Schauerman, Iris; Loureiro, Darren; James, Danielle; Carter, Imani; King, Shakeena; Razzak, Suad; Scarff, Melanie; Moore, Jasmine

2017-07-01

Our goal was to explore the meaning experienced psychotherapists derive from providing psychotherapy, their beliefs about the role of meaning in life (MIL) in psychotherapy, how they worked with MIL with a client who explicitly presented concerns about MIL, and how they worked with a different client for whom MIL was a secondary and more implicit concern. Thirteen experienced psychotherapists were interviewed and data were analyzed using consensual qualitative research. Therapists derived self-oriented meaning (e.g., feeling gratified, fulfilled, connected) and other-oriented meaning (helping others, making the world a better place) from providing psychotherapy. They believed that MIL is fundamental and underlies all human concerns, including those brought to therapy. In contrast to the clients who had implicit MIL concerns, clients who explicitly presented MIL concerns were reported to have more interpersonal problems and physical problems, but about the same amount of psychological distress and loss/grief. Therapists used insight-oriented interventions, support, action-oriented interventions, and exploratory interventions to work with MIL with both types of clients, but used more exploratory interventions with implicit than explicit MIL clients. MIL is a salient topic for experienced, existentially oriented psychotherapists; they work with MIL extensively with some clients in psychotherapy. We recommend that therapists receive training to work with MIL in therapy, and that they pay attention to MIL concerns when they conduct psychotherapy. We also recommend additional research on MIL in psychotherapy.

"Der unvermeidliche Goethe" : Alexander Lernet-Holenias "Der wahre Werther" im Kontext der neueren "Werther"-Rezeption

OpenAIRE

Hamacher, Bernd

2008-01-01

Lernet-Holenias „Wahrer Werther“ (1959) ist eine Montage: Der größte Teil des Buches besteht aus einer Wiedergabe der 1774 anonym erschienenen ersten Fassung von Goethes »Leiden des jungen Werthers«. Vorangestellt ist eine aus Heinrich Gloëls Buch »Goethes Wetzlarer Zeit« (1911) kompilierte Einleitung, in der die stofflich-biographischen Hintergründe des Romans aus Goethes Wetzlarer Zeit erzählt werden. Die Montage belegt, dass die Gegenreaktion gegen den „Werther“ auch in der Mitte des 20. J...

Investigating Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Positive Psychotherapy Inventory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Z Ghorbani

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian version of positive psychotherapy inventory in university students. Research method was descriptive, correlational type. The sample of the study consist of 432 MS and PhD students, 225 female and 207 male, aged between 23 to 45 of state universities of Tehran who were selected through multi-stage random sampling. To study reliability, convergent and structural validity of instrument the sample group completed, positive psychotherapy inventory (Rashid and Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle and Hills. To investigating the reliability Cronbach alpha and test- retest method, and for validity of instrument structural validity exploratory factor analysis method and convergent validity were used. Results showed the total internal consistency of positive psychotherapy inventory was 0.80 and subscales internal consistency was between 0.80 to 0.92 respectively. In addition test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.70 for total inventory and between 0.63 to 0.73 for the subscales. Also the correlation coefficients between positive psychotherapy inventory and oxford happiness inventory were 0.73, which indicated a satisfactory convergent validity for positive psychotherapy inventory. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed three factors model of positive psychotherapy inventory in the Iranian sample. These three factors explained 79.99 variance of total inventory.

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) in major depressive disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Brakemeier, Eva-Lotta; Frase, Lukas

2012-11-01

In this article, we will introduce interpersonal psychotherapy as an effective short-term treatment strategy in major depression. In IPT, a reciprocal relationship between interpersonal problems and depressive symptoms is regarded as important in the onset and as a maintaining factor of depressive disorders. Therefore, interpersonal problems are the main therapeutic targets of this approach. Four interpersonal problem areas are defined, which include interpersonal role disputes, role transitions, complicated bereavement, and interpersonal deficits. Patients are helped to break the interactions between depressive symptoms and their individual interpersonal difficulties. The goals are to achieve a reduction in depressive symptoms and an improvement in interpersonal functioning through improved communication, expression of affect, and proactive engagement with the current interpersonal network. The efficacy of this focused and structured psychotherapy in the treatment of acute unipolar major depressive disorder is summarized. This article outlines the background of interpersonal psychotherapy, the process of therapy, efficacy, and the expansion of the evidence base to different subgroups of depressed patients.

Design challenges in transdiagnostic psychotherapy research: Comparing Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy (TBT) to existing evidence-based psychotherapy in veterans with affective disorders.

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Gros, Daniel F

2015-07-01

To address the limitations of disorder-specific approaches, newer transdiagnostic approaches to psychotherapy have been developed to provide a single treatment that is capable of addressing several, related disorders. However, the recruitment of multiple diagnoses presents many challenges to the traditional design of psychotherapy randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The goal of the manuscript is to present the challenges and rationale for designing a RCT for transdiagnostic treatment to inform and aid in the development of future investigations. A recently funded and ongoing RCT for Transdiagnostic Behavior Therapy (TBT) is used as an example to discuss the related design challenges. The TBT study involves the recruitment of 96 veteran participants with any of the following eight principal diagnoses: posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, major depressive disorder, or persistent depressive disorder. Within the TBT study, participants will complete a semi-structured diagnostic interview and a series of transdiagnostic self-report measures to determine eligibility and assess baseline symptomatology. Qualifying participants will be randomized to TBT or control psychotherapy. Additional assessments will be completed at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Due to the transdiagnostic nature of the sample, adjustments to the recruitment and randomization procedures, selection of measures, selection of control psychotherapy, and analysis plan were required. These adjustments have implications to future trials on transdiagnostic psychotherapy protocols as well as future research in line with the transdiagnostic focus of the National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) funding strategy. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Der Einsatz von E-Portfolios in der Berufsausbildung - Konzeption und Potenziale

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Uwe Elsholz

2010-02-01

Full Text Available In der beruflichen Bildung sind (E-Portfolios zur Reflexion des Gelernten – anders als etwa an Hochschulen oder in allgemeinbildenden Schulen – in Theorie und Praxis gegenwärtig kaum existent. Konzepte und Studien zum Einsatz von E-Portfolios in der Berufsausbildung und der Weiterbildung fehlen weitgehend, so dass die Potenziale von Portfolioarbeit für eine selbstbewusstere und selbstbestimmtere Gestaltung beruflichen Lernens bisher ungenutzt bleiben. Hier setzt dieser Beitrag an. Es wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, wie der Einsatz eines E-Portfolios die Berufsausbildung im dualen System unterstützen kann. Anhand des dargestellten Beispiels werden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes von E-Portfolios in der beruflichen Bildung aufgezeigt. Die Umsetzung des E-Portfolios findet im Rahmen des berufswissenschaftlich begründeten E- Learning-Konzepts der Kompetenzwerkst@tt statt (vgl. Howe/Knutzen 2007. Die Kompetenzwerkst@tt ist ein softwaregestütztes Ausbildungskonzept, das sich an realen beruflichen Arbeitsprozessen und Ansätzen des Situierten Lernens orientiert. Im Mittelpunkt des E-Portfolios als Teil der Kompetenzwerkst@tt steht die lernortübergreifende Dokumentation und Reflexion der Ausbildungsinhalte der Dualen Berufsausbildung. Im Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie die konzeptionellen Überlegungen zur Portfolioarbeit in der beruflichen Bildung vom Portfolio-Diskurs in anderen Bildungsbereichen beeinflusst sind, sich aber in der Umsetzung und in den konkreten Zielsetzungen deutlich unterscheiden. Es werden darüber hinaus weitere Möglichkeiten und Optionen von Portfolioarbeit in der beruflichen Bildung aufgezeigt.

Water turbine control: Historical outline; Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Regelung der Wasserturbinen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fasol, K.H.

1999-07-01

Controlled water turbines were first introduced in the second half of the 19th century. The report takes a look at the history of controlled turbines, including those inventions and technologies that paved the way for water turbines as we know them today and for turbine speed control. The report is based on a lecture presented by the author on 10 Nov 1998 in the opening session of the 10th international seminar on hydroelectric power systems at the university of Vienna. The contents are presented in more detail and illustrated by examples. [German] Seit langem widmen sich Wissenschaftshistoriker und auch Ingenieure der Erforschung und Aufarbeitung der Technikgeschichte als eigenstaendige Disziplin der Wissenschaftsgeschichte, wofuer an vielen Universitaeten und Hochschulen entsprechende Lehrstuehle bestehen. Auch an der Entwicklung der Regelungstechnik im Allgemeinen ist das Interesse mit langem erwacht. Die ersten geregelten Wasserturbinen wurden in der zweiten Haelfte des 19. Jahrhunderts bekannt und so ist es denn auch angebracht, die zumindest 130 Jahre der Entwicklungsgeschichte dieser Turbinenregelung darzustellen. Dies ginge nicht, ohne zunaechst auch auf jene anderen Erfindungen und Technologien kurz zurueckzublicken, die Wegbereiter fuer die heutigen Wasserturbinen und fuer die ersten Ansaetze zu deren Drehzahlregelung waren. Diese Arbeit beruht auf einem Hauptvortrag, der am 10 November 1998 in der Eroeffnungssitzung des 10. Internationalen Seminars Wasserkraftanlagen an der Technischen Universitaet Wien gehalten wurde. Gegenueber der schriftlichen Fassung jenes Vortrags wird mit diesem Heft den an diesem speziellen Sektor der Technikgeschichte interessierten Kollegen eine stark erweiterte Fassung vorgelegt. (orig./GL)

Social Problem Solving and Depressive Symptoms over Time: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy, Brief Supportive Psychotherapy, and Pharmacotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Klein, Daniel N.; Leon, Andrew C.; Li, Chunshan; D'Zurilla, Thomas J.; Black, Sarah R.; Vivian, Dina; Dowling, Frank; Arnow, Bruce A.; Manber, Rachel; Markowitz, John C.; Kocsis, James H.

2011-01-01

Objective: Depression is associated with poor social problem solving, and psychotherapies that focus on problem-solving skills are efficacious in treating depression. We examined the associations between treatment, social problem solving, and depression in a randomized clinical trial testing the efficacy of psychotherapy augmentation for…

“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

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Falk Leichsenring

2018-04-01

Full Text Available For psychotherapy of mental disorders, presently several approaches are available, such as interpersonal, humanistic, systemic, psychodynamic or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT. Pointing to the available evidence, proponents of CBT claim that CBT is the gold standard. Some authors even argue for an integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only form of psychotherapy. CBT undoubtedly has its strengths and CBT researchers have to be credited for developing and testing treatments for many mental disorders. A critical review, however, shows that the available evidence for the theoretical foundations of CBT, assumed mechanisms of change, quality of studies, and efficacy is not as robust as some researchers claim. Most important, there is no consistent evidence that CBT is more efficacious than other evidence-based approaches. These findings do not justify regarding CBT as the gold standard psychotherapy. They even provide less justification for the idea that the future of psychotherapy lies in one integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only type of psychotherapy. For the different psychotherapeutic approaches a growing body of evidence is available. These approaches have their strengths because of differences in their respective focus on interpersonal relationships, affects, cognitions, systemic perspectives, experiential, or unconscious processes. Different approaches may be suitable to different patients and therapists. As generally assumed, progress in research results from openness to new ideas and learning from diverse perspectives. Thus, different forms of evidence-based psychotherapy are required. Plurality is the future of psychotherapy, not a uniform “one fits all” approach.

“Gold Standards,” Plurality and Monocultures: The Need for Diversity in Psychotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Leichsenring, Falk; Abbass, Allan; Hilsenroth, Mark J.; Luyten, Patrick; Munder, Thomas; Rabung, Sven; Steinert, Christiane

2018-01-01

For psychotherapy of mental disorders, presently several approaches are available, such as interpersonal, humanistic, systemic, psychodynamic or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Pointing to the available evidence, proponents of CBT claim that CBT is the gold standard. Some authors even argue for an integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only form of psychotherapy. CBT undoubtedly has its strengths and CBT researchers have to be credited for developing and testing treatments for many mental disorders. A critical review, however, shows that the available evidence for the theoretical foundations of CBT, assumed mechanisms of change, quality of studies, and efficacy is not as robust as some researchers claim. Most important, there is no consistent evidence that CBT is more efficacious than other evidence-based approaches. These findings do not justify regarding CBT as the gold standard psychotherapy. They even provide less justification for the idea that the future of psychotherapy lies in one integrated CBT-based form of psychotherapy as the only type of psychotherapy. For the different psychotherapeutic approaches a growing body of evidence is available. These approaches have their strengths because of differences in their respective focus on interpersonal relationships, affects, cognitions, systemic perspectives, experiential, or unconscious processes. Different approaches may be suitable to different patients and therapists. As generally assumed, progress in research results from openness to new ideas and learning from diverse perspectives. Thus, different forms of evidence-based psychotherapy are required. Plurality is the future of psychotherapy, not a uniform “one fits all” approach. PMID:29740361

Computational psychotherapy research: scaling up the evaluation of patient-provider interactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Imel, Zac E; Steyvers, Mark; Atkins, David C

2015-03-01

In psychotherapy, the patient-provider interaction contains the treatment's active ingredients. However, the technology for analyzing the content of this interaction has not fundamentally changed in decades, limiting both the scale and specificity of psychotherapy research. New methods are required to "scale up" to larger evaluation tasks and "drill down" into the raw linguistic data of patient-therapist interactions. In the current article, we demonstrate the utility of statistical text analysis models called topic models for discovering the underlying linguistic structure in psychotherapy. Topic models identify semantic themes (or topics) in a collection of documents (here, transcripts). We used topic models to summarize and visualize 1,553 psychotherapy and drug therapy (i.e., medication management) transcripts. Results showed that topic models identified clinically relevant content, including affective, relational, and intervention related topics. In addition, topic models learned to identify specific types of therapist statements associated with treatment-related codes (e.g., different treatment approaches, patient-therapist discussions about the therapeutic relationship). Visualizations of semantic similarity across sessions indicate that topic models identify content that discriminates between broad classes of therapy (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. psychodynamic therapy). Finally, predictive modeling demonstrated that topic model-derived features can classify therapy type with a high degree of accuracy. Computational psychotherapy research has the potential to scale up the study of psychotherapy to thousands of sessions at a time. We conclude by discussing the implications of computational methods such as topic models for the future of psychotherapy research and practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

Clients' and therapists' stories about psychotherapy.

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Adler, Jonathan M

2013-12-01

This article provides an overview of the emerging field of research on clients' stories about their experiences in psychotherapy. The theory of narrative identity suggests that individuals construct stories about their lives in order to provide the self with a sense of purpose and unity. Psychotherapy stories serve both psychological functions. Focusing on the theme of agency as a vehicle for operationalizing purpose and coherence as a way of operationalizing unity, this article will describe the existing scholarship connecting psychotherapy stories to clients' psychological well-being. Results from cross-sectional qualitative and quantitative studies as well as longitudinal research indicate a connection between the stories clients tell about therapy and their psychological well-being, both over the course of treatment and after it is over. In addition, a preliminary analysis of therapists' stories about their clients' treatment is presented. These analyses reveal that the way therapists recount a particular client's therapy does not impact the relationships between clients' narratives and their improvement. The article concludes with a discussion of how this body of scholarship might be fruitfully applied in the realm of clinical practice. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The role of identification in dynamic psychiatry and psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Corradi, Richard B

2011-01-01

Identification-a psychic process in which a person takes on characteristics of another-is a concept important to the understanding of human nature. It plays an important role in how our personalities develop, in our ability to deal with life's stresses, and in how we interact with other people. Knowledge of its manifestations is essential to dynamic psychiatry and to its applications in psychotherapy. This article defines identification and reviews its role in development and as a defense. It discusses its role in the psychopathology of disorders commonly encountered in psychotherapy practice-depression and anxiety states reactive to losses in life, and borderline states. Clinical vignettes illustrate how identification functions in these conditions, and also how identifications reveal themselves in the transference and are utilized in psychotherapy. A teaching vignette illustrates how important it is that residents learning the art of psychotherapy appreciate the therapeutic potential of identification. The article maintains that, although it often goes unrecognized, identification with the therapist is one of the most effective therapeutic devices in the transference.

The Theory and Art of Child Psychotherapy: A Corrective Developmental Approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Friedman, Robert

2017-10-01

The history of child psychotherapy is sketched from the psychoanalytic pioneers Anna Freud and Melanie Klein to the popular "nondirective" approach of Virginia Axline. The author's approach to child psychotherapy, based on contemporary psychoanalytic theories, allows the therapist to play any parental role that helps to repair developmental deficiencies and conflicts. These include nurturing, supporting, mirroring, role modeling, challenging, and limit setting. Following Winnicott, psychotherapy is conceived as a play space in which therapist and child are both spontaneous. The value of interpretation and insight in child therapy is discussed. There follows a more detailed discussion of three major problem areas in child psychotherapy: handling anger and hostile aggression; handling issues related to sexuality; and handling narcissistic issues of inferiority and shame.

Psychotherapy for chronic major depression and dysthymia: A meta analysis.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuijpers, P.; Straten, van A.; Schuurmans, J.; Oppen, van P.C.; Hollon, S.D.; Andersson, G.

2009-01-01

Abstract Although several studies have examined the effects of psychotherapy on chronic depression and dysthymia, no meta-analysis has been conducted to integrate results of these studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of 16 randomized trials examining the effects of psychotherapy on chronic

How to promote solar power. Strategic application of consumer and environmental psychology; Fuer Solarenergie. Konsumenten- und Umweltpsychologie strategisch anwenden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huebner, G. [Halle Univ. (Germany). Lehrstuhl fuer Sozial- und Organisationspsychologie; Felser, G. [Halle Univ. (Germany). Lehrstuhl fuer Differentielle Psychologie und Psychologische Diagnostik

2001-07-01

Why are solar systems still so few and far between? The book presents answers based on a systematic analysis of the psychological aspects of the decision, e.g. consumer needs and motives. 'Social Marketing' is presented as a differentiated outline concept for developing strategies for selling solar power. The book addresses solar and agenda initiatives, environmental organisations, communities and energy-minded citizens as well as students of environmental science and psychology. [German] Warum sind Solaranlagen noch immer so selten? Antworten auf diese Frage finden sich im Buch, in dem aus Sicht der Konsumenten- und Umweltpsychologie die psychologischen Facetten der Entscheidung fuer Solarenergie, z.B. - die Beduerfnisse und Motive der Konsumenten von Solaranlagen - die Wirkungen von Informationsmaterial auf die Kaufentscheidung, erstmals systematisch analysiert werden. Mit dem 'Sozialen Marketing' wird ein differenziertes Rahmenkonzept fuer die Gestaltung von Strategien fuer Solarenergie vorgestellt. Dieses Buch ist vor allem hilfreich fuer Solar- und Agendainitiativen, Umweltverbaende, Kommunen und energiebewusste Buerger, da es praxisnahe Informationen und Handlungsempfehlungen vermittelt. Es wendet sich aber auch an Studierende der Umweltwissenschaften und der Psychologie. Es bereichert die Diskussion ueber Solarenergie mit Argumenten, die der Komplexitaet des Themas Rechnung tragen. (orig.)

Winifred Rushforth and the Davidson Clinic for Medical Psychotherapy: a case study in the overlap of psychotherapy, Christianity and New Age spirituality.

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, Gavin

2015-09-01

The activities of both Winifred Rushforth (1885-1983), and the Edinburgh-based Davidson Clinic for Medical Psychotherapy (1941-73) which she directed, exemplify and elaborate the overlap in Scotland of religious discourses and practices with psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Even as post-war secularization began to affect Scottish culture and society, Rushforth and the Davidson Clinic attempted to renew the biographical discourses of Christianity using the idioms and practices of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Furthermore, alongside these Christian-inflected activities, Rushforth promoted a psychoanalytically-informed New Age spirituality. This parallel mode of belief and practice drew on Christian life-narrative patterns, preserving them within psychoanalytic forms grafted onto a vitalist worldview informed by the work of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. © The Author(s) 2015.

Grundlagen der ultraschallgezielten transurethralen Stammzelltherapie der Harn-Inkontinenz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Strasser H

2005-01-01

Full Text Available In präklinischen Studien wurden Sicherheit und Durchführbarkeit von durch transurethralen Ultraschall geführten Injektionen von autologen Myo- und Fibroblasten zur Behandlung der Stressinkontinenz untersucht. Zwischen 2002 und März 2005 wurden 129 inkontinente Patienten (Alter 36–85 Jahre, 92 Frauen, 37 Männer in eine klinische Studie aufgenommen, um zu untersuchen, ob die Stressinkontinenz effektiv mittels durch transurethralen Ultraschall geführte Injektionen von autologen Myo- und Fibroblasten behandelt werden kann. Die Patienten litten an Stress- oder gemischter Harninkontinenz. Vor und nach der Therapie wurden ein definierter Inkontinenz-Score, Veränderungen der Lebensqualität sowie Morphologie und Funktion von Urethra und Rhabdosphinkter bewertet. Der transurethrale Ultraschall wurde zur Untersuchung und Visualisierung des unteren Harntraktes verwendet. Zusätzlich wurden vor und nach der Behandlung urodynamische und Labortests durchgeführt. Es wurden kleine Muskelbiopsien am Oberarm unter Lokalanästhesie entnommen und die Zellen in einem GMP-Labor zum Wachstum gebracht. Die Fibroblasten wurden fallweise mit einer kleinen Menge an Kollagen als Trägermaterial (ca. 2,5 ml gemischt. Mittels transurethralem Ultraschall und einer speziell entwickelten Injektionsvorrichtung wurden die Fibroblasten in die urethrale Mukosa zur Atrophiebehandlung injiziert. Die Myoblasten wurden direkt in den Rabdosphinkter zur Muskelrekonstruktion injiziert. Bei 108 Patienten konnte die Harninkontinenz nach der Injektion geheilt werden. Die postoperative Lebensqualität sowie die Dicke von Urethra und Rhabdosphinkter und die Aktivität und Kontraktilität des Rhabdosphinkter waren nach der Behandlung wesentlich verbessert. Bei 21 Patienten kam es zu einer Verbesserung der Harninkontinenz. Es traten keine Nebenwirkungen oder Komplikationen auf.

The ethics of providing hope in psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Dembo, Justine Sarah; Clemens, Norman A

2013-07-01

The instillation of hope is a common factor in most psychotherapies. A considerable literature exists on the ethics of providing false or positively biased hope in non-psychiatric medical settings, and ethicists have generally concluded that this practice is unethical. However, the literature on the ethics of encouraging hope in psychotherapy, especially in the case of treatment-resistant mental illness, is sparse. The author explores two clinical cases with the intention of examining the nature of hope, false hope, positive illusions, and denial, as they relate to our definitions of mental health and psychotherapy. The cases highlight the ethics of balancing an acknowledgment of likely treatment futility with a desire to hope. Clinical psychological studies on depressive realism and optimistic bias indicate that some degree of positive bias, referred to by some authors as "the optimal margin of illusion," is in fact necessary to promote what we define as "good mental health;" conversely, stark realism is correlated with mild to moderate depression. An examination of the existential literature, including Ernest Becker's work, The Denial of Death, indicates that without the defense mechanism of denial, human beings tend to experience paralytic despair as a result of being fallible, mortal creatures in a frightening world. The combination of these diverse bodies of literature, along with the surprising outcomes of our case examples, leads to an unexpected conclusion: it may occasionally be ethical to encourage some degree of optimistic bias, and perhaps even positive illusion, when treating patients in psychotherapy.

Serious Games for Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Eichenberg, Christiane; Schott, Markus

2017-06-01

In the evolving digital age, media applications are increasingly playing a greater role in the field of psychotherapy. While the Internet is already in the phase of being established when it comes to the care of mental disorders, experimentation is going on with other modern media such as serious games. A serious game is a game in which education and behavior change is the goal, alongside with entertainment. The objective of the present article was to provide a first empirical overview of serious games applied to psychotherapy and psychosomatic rehabilitation. Therefore, a systematic literature search, including the terms "serious game" or "computer game" and "psychotherapy" or "rehabilitation" or "intervention" or "mental disorders" in the databases Medline and PsycINFO, was performed. Subsequently, an Internet search was conducted to identify studies not published in journals. Publications not providing empirical data about effectiveness were excluded. On the basis of this systematic literature review, the results of N = 15 studies met inclusion criteria. They utilized primarily cognitive behavioral techniques and can be useful for treating a range of mental disorders. Serious games are effective both as a stand-alone intervention or part of psychotherapy and appeal to patients independent of age and sex. Included serious games proved to be an effective therapeutic component. Nonetheless, findings are not conclusive and more research is needed to further investigate the effectiveness of serious games for psychotherapeutic purposes.

Der evolutionäre Naturalismus in der Ethik

Science.gov (United States)

Kaiser, Marie I.

Charles Darwin hat eindrucksvoll gezeigt, dass der Mensch ebenso wie alle anderen Lebewesen ein Produkt der biologischen Evolution ist. Die sich an Darwin anschließende Forschung hat außerdem plausibel gemacht, dass sich nicht nur viele der körperlichen Merkmale des Menschen, sondern auch (zumindest einige) seiner Verhaltensdispositionen in adaptiven Selektionsprozessen herausgebildet haben. Die Vorstellung, dass auch die menschliche Moralität evolutionär bedingt ist, scheint daher auf den ersten Blick ganz überzeugend. Schließlich hat die Evolutionstheorie in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten in vielen Bereichen (auch außerhalb der Biologie) ihre weitreichende Bedeutung unter Beweis gestellt. Warum sollte, so könnte man beispielsweise fragen, gerade die Fähigkeit des Menschen, moralische Normen aufzustellen und gemäß ihnen zu handeln, nicht evolutionär erklärt werden können? Und warum sollte eine solche evolutionäre Erklärung der menschlichen Moralität irrelevant für die Rechtfertigung moralischer Normen sein? Warum sollte die Ethik eine Bastion der Philosophen bleiben, für die evolutionsbiologische Forschungsergebnisse über den Menschen und seine nächsten Verwandten keinerlei Relevanz besitzen?

Psychotherapy for neurologists.

Science.gov (United States)

Hobday, Gabrielle S; Gabbard, Glen O

2009-07-01

Psychotherapy has traditionally been regarded as the purview of psychiatry rather than neurology. Yet, the doctor-patient relationship is fundamental to both specialties, and the principles that derive from psychotherapy theory and practice apply to that relationship regardless of the specialty. It is common knowledge that a large proportion of patients seen in the context of the practice of medicine have some kind of emotional disturbance. Moreover, patients with organic disease may also have significant emotional difficulties that complicate both the primary illness and its treatment. This experience inevitably has drawn attention to the need for the nonpsychiatric physician to have an understanding and proficiency in psychiatric diagnosis and psychotherapeutic principles. In this article, we consider basic psychotherapeutic principles that are useful in the everyday practice of neurologists and other nonpsychiatric physicians. These skills are important not only for practical reasons, but also because responsiveness to their emotional distress is essential to maintain empathy and caring as cornerstones of the art of medicine. With the use of clinical examples to illustrate these principles, we hope that readers can apply them to their own clinical experiences.

Psychotherapy for chronic major depression and dysthymia: A meta analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuijpers, P.; van Straten, A.; Schuurmans, J.; van Oppen, P.C.; Hollon, S.D.; Andersson, G.

2010-01-01

Although several studies have examined the effects of psychotherapy on chronic depression and dysthymia, no meta-analysis has been conducted to integrate results of these studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of 16 randomized trials examining the effects of psychotherapy on chronic depression and

Psychotherapy for chronic major depression and dysthymia: A meta analysis.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuijpers, P.; van Straten, A.; Schuurmans, J.; van Oppen, P.C.; Hollon, S.D.; Andersson, G.

2009-01-01

Although several studies have examined the effects of psychotherapy on chronic depression and dysthymia, no meta-analysis has been conducted to integrate results of these studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of 16 randomized trials examining the effects of psychotherapy on chronic depression and

The self is an illusion: a conceptual framework for psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Stankevicius, Steve

2017-06-01

To explain the illusory nature of the self and explore its implications for psychotherapy. Our usual experience of the self is an illusion. Rather than a discrete entity, it is a network of processes that maintains apparent irreducible unity via alterations of perceptions, beliefs, intentions and memories. By providing an efficient summary of an individual and its surroundings, the self-illusion allows one to predict, experience and interact with the world efficiently. Targeting mechanisms that preserve the self-illusion could provide a focus for psychotherapy. Viewing the self as a complex network offers a valuable conceptual framework for psychotherapy.

Psychotherapies for Children and Adolescents

Science.gov (United States)

... in intentionally self-harmful behaviors, or have Borderline Personality Disorder. DBT emphasizes taking responsibility for one's problems and ... is a form of psychotherapy where there are multiple patients led by one or more therapists. It ...

Hypnotic Psychotherapy with Sex Offenders

Science.gov (United States)

Moseley, Sullivan; Briggs, Wanda P.; Magnus, Virginia

2005-01-01

The authors review the literature on the prevalence of sex offenders; multiple treatment modalities; and implications of the use of hypnotic psychotherapy, coupled with cognitive behavioral treatment programs, for treating sex offenders. (Contains 2 tables.)

Mobile Phone-Based Mood Ratings Prospectively Predict Psychotherapy Attendance.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruehlman-Senecal, Emma; Aguilera, Adrian; Schueller, Stephen M

2017-09-01

Psychotherapy nonattendance is a costly and pervasive problem. While prior research has identified stable patient-level predictors of attendance, far less is known about dynamic (i.e., time-varying) factors. Identifying dynamic predictors can clarify how clinical states relate to psychotherapy attendance and inform effective "just-in-time" interventions to promote attendance. The present study examines whether daily mood, as measured by responses to automated mobile phone-based text messages, prospectively predicts attendance in group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression. Fifty-six Spanish-speaking Latino patients with elevated depressive symptoms (46 women, mean age=50.92years, SD=10.90years), enrolled in a manualized program of group CBT, received daily automated mood-monitoring text messages. Patients' daily mood ratings, message response rate, and delay in responding were recorded. Patients' self-reported mood the day prior to a scheduled psychotherapy session significantly predicted attendance, even after controlling for patients' prior attendance history and age (OR=1.33, 95% CI [1.04, 1.70], p=.02). Positive mood corresponded to a greater likelihood of attendance. Our results demonstrate the clinical utility of automated mood-monitoring text messages in predicting attendance. These results underscore the value of text messaging, and other mobile technologies, as adjuncts to psychotherapy. Future work should explore the use of such monitoring to guide interventions to increase attendance, and ultimately the efficacy of psychotherapy. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Individual Psychotherapy ("Talking Therapy"): A Survey of Attitudes among Residents & Specialists in Psychiatry, Israel 2010-2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Levi Shachar, Orit; Mendlovic, Shlomo; Hertzberg, Libi; Baruch, Yehuda; Lurie, Ido

2016-01-01

Individual psychotherapy is an efficient tool and an integral part of psychiatric treatment. However, its status among psychiatrists in Israel has never been explored. To explore and map the attitudes of psychiatrists in Israel regarding psychotherapy and psychotherapy training during residency, with comparisons between residents vs. specialists, peripheral vs. central institutions and mental health vs. medical centers. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to examine the attitudes toward individual psychotherapy. The questionnaire was delivered via email and direct approach to psychiatrists in Israel. The survey was completed by 229 of 1,502 registered psychiatrists (15.3%). While 96% (n=218) had positive attitudes towards psychotherapy, 93.1% (n=215) thought psychotherapy was less available than pharmacotherapy. Psychiatrists from peripheral institutions prefer cognitive behavioral therapy, while psychiatrists from central institutions prefer dynamic psychotherapy. Psychiatrists from mental health centers use more dynamic psychotherapy compared to psychiatrists from medical centers. The number of dynamic psychotherapy treatments psychiatrists delivered during their residencies has been decreasing over time, meaning residents today deliver fewer dynamic psychotherapy treatments compared to the number of treatments specialists delivered during their residencies. Additionally, 97.4% (n=225) believed psychotherapy training should be included in the psychiatric residency and 87.3% thought that the training should be improved to a great extent. The survey demonstrates mixed but overall positive attitudes towards psychotherapy among psychiatrists in Israel. The findings should be taken into consideration by psychiatrists who design the residency program and by policy makers who are in charge of the mental health reform in Israel, or the psychotherapy usage and therapeutic potential may diminish, as has happened in other countries.

A Systematic Review of the Combined Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy and Psychotherapy for Depression

Science.gov (United States)

McClintock, Shawn M.; Brandon, Anna R.; Husain, Mustafa M.; Jarrett, Robin B.

2011-01-01

Objective Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments for severe Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, after acute phase treatment and initial remission, relapse rates are significant. Strategies to prolong remission include continuation phase ECT, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, or their combinations. This systematic review synthesizes extant data regarding the combined use of psychotherapy with ECT for the treatment of patients with severe MDD and offers the hypothesis that augmenting ECT with depression-specific psychotherapy represents a promising strategy for future investigation. Methods The authors performed two independent searches in PsychInfo (1806 – 2009) and MEDLINE (1948 – 2009) using combinations of the following search terms: Electroconvulsive Therapy (including ECT, ECT therapy, electroshock therapy, EST, shock therapy) and Psychotherapy (including cognitive behavioral, interpersonal, group, psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, individual, eclectic, and supportive). We included in this review a total of six articles (English language) that mentioned ECT and psychotherapy in the abstract, and provided a case report, series, or clinical trial. We examined the articles for data related to ECT and psychotherapy treatment characteristics, cohort characteristics, and therapeutic outcome. Results Although research over the past seven decades documenting the combined use of ECT and psychotherapy is limited, the available evidence suggests that testing this combination has promise and may confer additional, positive functional outcomes. Conclusions Significant methodological variability in ECT and psychotherapy procedures, heterogeneous patient cohorts, and inconsistent outcome measures prevent strong conclusions; however, existing research supports the need for future investigations of combined ECT and psychotherapy in well-designed, controlled clinical studies. Depression-specific psychotherapy approaches may need special

Individual psychotherapy for schizophrenia: trends and developments in the wake of the recovery movement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hamm JA

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Jay A Hamm,1 Ilanit Hasson-Ohayon,2 Marina Kukla,3 Paul H Lysaker11Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 2Bar-Ilan University, Department of Psychology, Ramat Gan, Israel; 3Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence on Implementing Evidence-Based Practice, Richard L Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USAAbstract: Although the role and relative prominence of psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia has fluctuated over time, an analysis of the history of psychotherapy for schizophrenia, focusing on findings from the recovery movement, reveals recent trends including the emergence of the development of integrative psychotherapy approaches. The authors suggest that the recovery movement has revealed limitations in traditional approaches to psychotherapy, and has provided opportunities for integrative approaches to emerge as a mechanism for promoting recovery in persons with schizophrenia. Five approaches to integrative psychotherapy for persons with schizophrenia are presented, and a shared conceptual framework that allows these five approaches to be compatible with one another is proposed. The conceptual framework is consistent with theories of recovery and emphasizes interpersonal attachment, personal narrative, and metacognitive processes. Implications for future research on integrative psychotherapy are considered.Keywords: schizophrenia, psychotherapy, recovery, metacognition, psychosis, integrative psychotherapy

Geschwisterbeziehungen in der Verarbeitung sexueller Traumatisierung: Der Film "Das Fest"

OpenAIRE

Sohni, Hans

2001-01-01

Filme reizen als Gegenstand psychoanalytischer Kunstinterpretation durch ihre strukturelle Nähe zum "szenischen Verstehen" und bereichern unsere Einsicht in menschliche Beziehungen. Der Film "Das Fest" lohnt wegen seiner besonderen ästhetischen Form und wegen seiner Aussage zur Geschwisterbeziehung. Nach filmjournalistischer Einschätzung zeigt er die Demontage der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft und die Reinszenierung destruktiver Gewalt. In der Interpretation dieses Beitrags führt der Film dagegen...

Individual psychotherapy for schizophrenia: trends and developments in the wake of the recovery movement.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamm, Jay A; Hasson-Ohayon, Ilanit; Kukla, Marina; Lysaker, Paul H

2013-01-01

Although the role and relative prominence of psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia has fluctuated over time, an analysis of the history of psychotherapy for schizophrenia, focusing on findings from the recovery movement, reveals recent trends including the emergence of the development of integrative psychotherapy approaches. The authors suggest that the recovery movement has revealed limitations in traditional approaches to psychotherapy, and has provided opportunities for integrative approaches to emerge as a mechanism for promoting recovery in persons with schizophrenia. Five approaches to integrative psychotherapy for persons with schizophrenia are presented, and a shared conceptual framework that allows these five approaches to be compatible with one another is proposed. The conceptual framework is consistent with theories of recovery and emphasizes interpersonal attachment, personal narrative, and metacognitive processes. Implications for future research on integrative psychotherapy are considered.

Individual psychotherapy for schizophrenia: trends and developments in the wake of the recovery movement

Science.gov (United States)

Hamm, Jay A; Hasson-Ohayon, Ilanit; Kukla, Marina; Lysaker, Paul H

2013-01-01

Although the role and relative prominence of psychotherapy in the treatment of schizophrenia has fluctuated over time, an analysis of the history of psychotherapy for schizophrenia, focusing on findings from the recovery movement, reveals recent trends including the emergence of the development of integrative psychotherapy approaches. The authors suggest that the recovery movement has revealed limitations in traditional approaches to psychotherapy, and has provided opportunities for integrative approaches to emerge as a mechanism for promoting recovery in persons with schizophrenia. Five approaches to integrative psychotherapy for persons with schizophrenia are presented, and a shared conceptual framework that allows these five approaches to be compatible with one another is proposed. The conceptual framework is consistent with theories of recovery and emphasizes interpersonal attachment, personal narrative, and metacognitive processes. Implications for future research on integrative psychotherapy are considered. PMID:23950665

Is There Room for Criticism of Studies of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy?

Science.gov (United States)

Thombs, Brett D.; Jewett, Lisa R.; Bassel, Marielle

2011-01-01

Comments on the original article, "The efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy," by J. Shedler. Shedler declared unequivocally that "empirical evidence supports the efficacy of psychodynamic therapy" (p. 98). He did not mention any specific criticisms that have been made of evidence on psychodynamic psychotherapies or address possible distinctions…

[SOPHO-NET - a research network on psychotherapy for social phobia].

Science.gov (United States)

Leichsenring, Falk; Salzer, Simone; Beutel, Manfred E; von Consbruch, Katrin; Herpertz, Stephan; Hiller, Wolfgang; Hoyer, Jürgen; Hüsing, Johannes; Irle, Eva; Joraschky, Peter; Konnopka, Alexander; König, Hans-Helmut; de Liz, Therese; Nolting, Björn; Pöhlmann, Karin; Ruhleder, Mirjana; Schauenburg, Henning; Stangier, Ulrich; Strauss, Bernhard; Subic-Wrana, Claudia; Vormfelde, Stefan V; Weniger, Godehard; Willutzki, Ulrike; Wiltink, Jörg; Leibing, Eric

2009-01-01

This paper presents the Social Phobia Psychotherapy Research Network (SOPHO-NET). SOPHO-NET is among the five research networks on psychotherapy funded by "Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung". The research program encompasses a coordinated group of studies of social phobia. In the central project (Study A), a multi-center randomized controlled trial, refined models of manualized cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and manualized short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) are compared in the treatment of social phobia. A sample of n=512 outpatients will be randomized to either CBT, STPP or wait list. For quality assurance and treatment integrity, a specific project has been established (Project Q). Study A is complemented by four interrelated projects focusing on attachment style (Study B1), cost-effectiveness (Study B2), polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene (Study C1) and on structural and functional deviations of hippocampus and amygdala (Study C2). Thus, the SOPHO-NET program allows for a highly interdisciplinary research of psychotherapy in social phobia.

Training Psychiatry Residents in Psychotherapy: The Role of Manualized Treatments.

Science.gov (United States)

Pagano, Joshua; Kyle, Brandon N; Johnson, Toni L; Saeed, Sy Atezaz

2017-06-01

Evidence-based treatment and manualized psychotherapy have a recent but rich history. As interest and research have progressed, defining the role of treatment manuals in resident training and clinical practice has become more important. Although there is not a universal definition of treatment manual, most clinicians and researchers agree that treatment manuals are an essential piece of evidence-based therapy, and that despite several limitations, they offer advantages in training residents in psychotherapy. Requirements for resident training in psychotherapy have changed over the years, and treatment manuals offer a simple and straightforward way to meet training requirements. In a search limited to only depression, two treatment manuals emerged with the support of research regarding both clinical practice and resident training. In looking toward the future, it will be important for clinicians to remain updated on further advances in evidence based manualized treatment as a tool for training residents in psychotherapy, including recent developments in online and smartphone based treatments.

[New Paradigms? Current Trends within National and International Psychotherapy Research].

Science.gov (United States)

Strauß, Bernhard

2015-09-01

This article is devoted to the question which paradigms currently determine psychotherapy and psychotherapy research, and if there are indicators of paradigm changes in this field. The question of the efficacy and effectiveness (including the effectiveness of a transfer of psychotherapeutic knowledge to service) is specifically focussed as well as the question of the central therapeutic factors and the significance of the person of the therapist. It is argued that there are really some signals of a paradigm switch, with a turn away from controlled outcome research, representing only a minor part of patients in need of psychotherapy, towards a more specific process oriented research, also considering differential effects of the therapist. The most prominent indicator of a paradigm change is reflected by an increasing influence of patient oriented psychotherapy research which - consequently - should also be supported by the insurances as well as the funding organisations. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Qualitative psychotherapy research: the journey so far and future directions.

Science.gov (United States)

Levitt, Heidi M

2015-03-01

This article documents the evolution of qualitative psychotherapy research over the past 3 decades. Clients' and therapists' accounts of their experiences in psychotherapy provide a window into the psychotherapy relationship and its mechanisms of change. A sizable body of literature has been generated that uses qualitative methods to collect and analyze these accounts and to shed light on the psychotherapy process. It notes changes in the field such as growing numbers of dissertations and publications using qualitative methods as well as a strengthening emphasis on qualitative research within graduate education and research funding bodies. Future recommendations include developing principles for practice from qualitative methods and conducting qualitative meta-analyses. Other recommendations include forming journal review policies that support the publication of qualitative research and that focus on coherence in adapting methods to meet research goals, in light of a study's characteristics and epistemological framework, rather than focusing on sets of procedures. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).

The cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy for the major psychiatric diagnoses.

Science.gov (United States)

Lazar, Susan G

2014-09-01

Psychotherapy is an effective and often highly cost-effective medical intervention for many serious psychiatric conditions. Psychotherapy can also lead to savings in other medical and societal costs. It is at times the firstline and most important treatment and at other times augments the efficacy of psychotropic medication. Many patients are in need of more prolonged and intensive psychotherapy, including those with personality disorders and those with chronic complex psychiatric conditions often with severe anxiety and depression. Many patients with serious and complex psychiatric illness have experienced severe early life trauma in an atmosphere in which family members or caretakers themselves have serious psychiatric disorders. Children and adolescents with learning disabilities and those with severe psychiatric disorders can also require more than brief treatment. Other diagnostic groups for whom psychotherapy is effective and cost-effective include patients with schizophrenia, anxiety disorders (including posttraumatic stress disorder), depression, and substance abuse. In addition, psychotherapy for the medically ill with concomitant psychiatric illness often lowers medical costs, improves recovery from medical illness, and at times even prolongs life compared to similar patients not given psychotherapy. While "cost-effective" treatments can yield savings in healthcare costs, disability claims, and other societal costs, "cost-effective" by no means translates to "cheap" but instead describes treatments that are clinically effective and provided at a cost that is considered reasonable given the benefit they provide, even if the treatments increase direct expenses. In the current insurance climate in which Mental Health Parity is the law, insurers nonetheless often use their own non-research and non-clinically based medical necessity guidelines to subvert it and limit access to appropriate psychotherapeutic treatments. Many patients, especially those who need

Personality Theory and Psychotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Fagan, Joen; And Others

1974-01-01

This group of articles discusses various aspects of Gestalt Therapy including its major contributions, role in psychotherapy, and contributions of Gestalt psychology in general. There is some discussion of the philosophical background of Gestalt therapy along with Gestalt theory of emotion. A case study and an annotated bibliography are included…

Neue Medien unter der Organisationsperspektive. Eine empirische Untersuchung in der Weiterbildung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Richard Stang

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Gesellschaftliche Modernisierungsprozesse haben zu immensen Veränderungsprozessen auf allen Ebenen gesellschaftlichen Lebens geführt. Wirtschaft, Politik, Bildungswesen etc. sind als Gesamtsysteme davon betroffen, genauso wie die Institutionen und Organisationen, die in deren Rahmen agieren. Stehr (2000, S. 17 spricht davon, dass wir uns in einem „Übergangsstadium zwischen zwei Gesellschaftsformationen“ befinden und meint damit den Übergang von der „Industriegesellschaft“ zur „Wissensgesellschaft“, in der Wissen konstitutiv für die Gesellschaftsformation ist. Mit dem Bedeutungszuwachs der Ressource „Wissen“ gehen Prozesse der voranschreitenden gesellschaftlichen Ausdifferenzierung einher. So unterschiedlich die sozialwissenschaftlichen Analysen der Gesellschaftsformation und die daraus gefolgerten theoretischen Konstrukte auch sein mögen (vgl. u.a. Beck 1986, Castells 2001, Gross 1994, Schulze 1993, wird doch in einem besonderen Maße die Entwicklung von Technik, besonders der Informations- und Kommunikationstechniken (im Folgenden: Neuen Medien, als ein wichtiger Motor der gesellschaftlichen Veränderungsprozesse gesehen. Besonders Castells (2001 hat die gesellschaftliche, kulturelle und ökonomische Bedeutung der Neuen Medien in seiner Studie über die Netzwerkgesellschaft eindrucksvoll herausgearbeitet.

Hegel und die Opferung der Philosophie: Dialektik der Ästhetik und Politik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jovanov Rastko

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Dem Aufsatz liegen folgende Fragen zugrunde: Ist es gerechtfertigt, vom Erbe der tragischen Darstellung des Kampfes im Hegelschen Begriff der Philosophie und insbesondere in seiner Konzeption der Dialektik als Bewegung und Geschichtlichkeit des absoluten Geistes zu sprechen? Hat der Versöhnungsbegriff Hegels, der am konkretesten innerhalb des philosophischen Gedankens ausgeführt wird, bestimmte Folgen auch für den Begriff der Philosophie selber? Opfert sich die Philosophie einer endlichen Äußerlichkeit oder bedarf sie selbst eines Opfers, um das philosophische System als solches zu vervollständigen? Kann man auch heutzutage die geschichtlich-politischen Ereignisse und die Vergehen des Rechts als tragisch darstellen und betrachten? Vermag es die Politik noch immer (wie in der Moderne, die Rolle des Schicksals in der griechischen Tragödie zu übernehmen? Auf solche Fragen werden hier keine endgültigen Antworten gegeben, es wird vielmehr der Rahmen für weitere Betrachtungen bereitgestellt - innerhalb oder außerhalb der Philosophie Hegels. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 179049: Politike društvenog pamćenja i nacionalnog identiteta: regionalni i evropski kontekst

Towards a taxonomy of common factors in psychotherapy-results of an expert survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Tschacher, Wolfgang; Junghan, Ulrich Martin; Pfammatter, Mario

2014-01-01

How change comes about is hotly debated in psychotherapy research. One camp considers 'non-specific' or 'common factors', shared by different therapy approaches, as essential, whereas researchers of the other camp consider specific techniques as the essential ingredients of change. This controversy, however, suffers from unclear terminology and logical inconsistencies. The Taxonomy Project therefore aims at contributing to the definition and conceptualization of common factors of psychotherapy by analyzing their differential associations to standard techniques. A review identified 22 common factors discussed in psychotherapy research literature. We conducted a survey, in which 68 psychotherapy experts assessed how common factors are implemented by specific techniques. Using hierarchical linear models, we predicted each common factor by techniques and by experts' age, gender and allegiance to a therapy orientation. Common factors differed largely in their relevance for technique implementation. Patient engagement, Affective experiencing and Therapeutic alliance were judged most relevant. Common factors also differed with respect to how well they could be explained by the set of techniques. We present detailed profiles of all common factors by the (positively or negatively) associated techniques. There were indications of a biased taxonomy not covering the embodiment of psychotherapy (expressed by body-centred techniques such as progressive muscle relaxation, biofeedback training and hypnosis). Likewise, common factors did not adequately represent effective psychodynamic and systemic techniques. This taxonomic endeavour is a step towards a clarification of important core constructs of psychotherapy. This article relates standard techniques of psychotherapy (well known to practising therapists) to the change factors/change mechanisms discussed in psychotherapy theory. It gives a short review of the current debate on the mechanisms by which psychotherapy works. We

Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depressed Adolescents (IPT-A): A Case Illustration

Science.gov (United States)

Hall, Elisabeth Baerg; Mufson, Laura

2009-01-01

This article describes the treatment of a depressed adolescent (15 years of age) boy using Interpersonal Psychotherapy for depressed adolescents (IPT-A). IPT-A is an empirically supported psychosocial intervention for adolescents suffering from a depressive episode. It is delivered as an individual psychotherapy with a minimum of parental…

[Psychotherapy research in the German-speaking community--a bibliometric analysis of three journals].

Science.gov (United States)

Petermann, Franz; Schüssler, Gerhard

2010-01-01

Psychotherapy research has often been considered a neglected topic in clinical psychology, psychosomatic medicine, and psychiatry because of its massive organizational and financial demands. However, it is unclear whether this assumption actually reflects the research activities in the field. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of the annual volumes for 2008 and 2009 of three clinical journals published in German. All publications referring to facets of psychotherapy research were analysed. About 30% of the publications dealt with issues of psychotherapy research. Outcome and process studies were about equally distributed. Process research frequently focused on patient variables as outcome predictors. Outcome studies most often presented effectiveness studies with rather small sample sizes. Psychotherapy research is a well-represented and multifaceted field in the German speaking research community. However, the traditional distinction between efficacy and process research among the various schools of psychotherapy research may be hampering further developments in this branch. The government-funded research networks may turn out to be promising approaches to overcoming some of the obstacles of classic psychotherapy research.

[Attitudes towards psychotherapy in South Korea and Germany : A cross-cultural comparative study].

Science.gov (United States)

Schulz, W; Shin, M A; Schmid-Ott, G

2018-01-01

Due to the relatively recent introduction of psychotherapy in South Korea and against the background of collectivist and Confucian values, it has been suggested that South Koreans harbor more negative attitudes towards psychotherapy compared to Germans and that the social acceptance of psychotherapy is lower. We compared the attitudes of 99 women from South Korea with 98 German women using the questionnaire on attitudes towards psychotherapeutic treatment (FEP). For the study of the South Korean women we translated the questionnaire into the Korean language. The results of the psychometric analysis suggest that the Korean version of the FEP is of acceptable quality. South Korean women reported a significantly more negative attitude towards psychotherapy compared to German women. Furthermore, South Korean women anticipated a more skeptical social attitude towards psychotherapy compared to Germans. The presented results suggest the relevance of cultural imprinting in psychotherapy. They are discussed with respect to culture-specific self-concepts, concepts of disease and healing expectations and the increase of individualistic values in the Korean society.

Counselling/psychotherapy and older people in medical settings.

OpenAIRE

Trethewey-Spurgeon, Celia.

2004-01-01

This study explores the nature of the need for counselling/psychotherapy for older people who suffer a debilitating physical injury or illness. This topic is investigated within a medical setting where the emphasis is on physical rehabilitation. The relevance of this inquiry is highlighted by the paucity of literature about the individual impact of such an event and the need for counselling/psychotherapy in these situations. Theories, on the ageing process, the body, and the self, are used to...

Psychotherapy, psychopathology, research and practice: pathways of connections and integration.

Science.gov (United States)

Castonguay, Louis G

2011-03-01

This paper describes three pathways of connections between different communities of knowledge seekers: integration of psychotherapeutic approaches, integration of psychotherapy and psychopathology, and integration of science and practice. Some of the issues discussed involve the delineation and investigation of common factors (e.g., principles of change), improvement of major forms of psychotherapy, clinical implications of psychopathology research, as well as current and future directions related to practice-research networks. The aim of this paper is to suggest that building bridges across theoretical orientations, scientific fields, professional experiences, and epistemological views may be a fruitful strategy to improve our understanding and the impact of psychotherapy.

Exploring Psychotherapy Clients' Independent Strategies for Change While in Therapy

Science.gov (United States)

Mackrill, Thomas

2008-01-01

Psychotherapy research usually describes how client change is caused by therapist interventions. This article describes how clients change by continuing to use and revising the strategies for change that they bring with them when they first enter therapy. This article presents data from a qualitative diary study of psychotherapy. Three cases…

Humor and creativity in psychotherapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Martín Camacho

2015-09-01

Full Text Available In the current article principal theories on humor are analyzed, relating them to different conceptions of creativity. Finally, some indications for the use of humor in psychotherapy are introduced, highlighting their positive and negative aspects. 

Das Smart Meter Gateway - Der kritische Erfolgsfaktor für die Digitalisierung der Energiewende

Science.gov (United States)

Abs, Paul-Vincent

Der kritische Erfolgsfaktor der Digitalisierung in der Energiewirtschaft liegt im bevorstehenden hohen Investitionsvolumen und der Beherrschung der neuen Technik. Ein Weg zur Kostenminimierung liegt im Zusammenschluss der einzelnen Akteure, um gemeinsame Skalenvorteile zu heben. Auch bieten neue Geschäftsmodelle die Möglichkeit, zusätzliche Erlöse zu generieren.

Psychiatric Residents' Views of Quality of Psychotherapy Training and Psychotherapy Competencies: A Multisite Survey

Science.gov (United States)

Calabrese, Christina; Sciolla, Andres; Zisook, Sidney; Bitner, Robin; Tuttle, Jeffrey; Dunn, Laura B.

2010-01-01

Objective: Few studies of residents' attitudes toward psychotherapy training exist. The authors examined residents' perceptions of the quality of their training, support for training, their own competence levels, and associations between self-perceived competence and perceptions of the training environment. Methods: An anonymous, web-based…

The effect of medical comorbidities on male and female Veterans' use of psychotherapy for PTSD.

Science.gov (United States)

Breland, Jessica Y; Greenbaum, Mark A; Zulman, Donna M; Rosen, Craig S

2015-04-01

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk for medical comorbidities that may prevent participation in psychotherapy. The present study investigated whether medical comorbidities were associated with lower initiation rates and fewer psychotherapy visits for PTSD. Because women are more likely to initiate psychotherapy after traumatic events, we also assessed whether relationships were weaker among women. Veterans (N=482, 47% women) recently diagnosed with PTSD completed a survey assessing demographics, mood, functional status, and interest in treatment. Data on medical comorbidities, psychotherapy visits, antidepressant prescriptions, and service connection were assessed longitudinally through administrative files. Logistic and negative binomial regressions assessed associations between number of medical comorbidities in the 2 years before the survey and the initiation and number of psychotherapy visits for PTSD in the year after the survey. All analyses were stratified by sex and controlled for survey and administrative variables. The relationship between medical comorbidities and number of psychotherapy visits was stronger among women than among men. A greater number of medical comorbidities was associated with significantly fewer psychotherapy visits in the total sample [incidence rate ratio: 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.83, 1.00] and among women (incidence rate ratio: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.99), but not among men (95% CI: 0.75, 1.01). Medical comorbidities were not associated with the initiation of psychotherapy among men or women. Addressing medical comorbidities may help individuals remain in psychotherapy for PTSD. Medical comorbidities may play a larger role in the number of psychotherapy visits among women than men.

Internet and video technology in psychotherapy supervision and training.

Science.gov (United States)

Wolf, Abraham W

2011-06-01

The seven articles in this special section on the use of Internet and video technology represent the latest growth on one branch of the increasingly prolific and differentiated work in the technology of psychotherapy. In addition to the work presented here on video and the Internet applications to supervision and training, information technology is changing the field of psychotherapy through computer assisted therapies and virtual reality interventions.

Das Alter ist der wichtigste Risikofaktor der postoperativen erektilen Dysfunktion nach radikaler nerverhaltender Prostatektomie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gruschka M

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Die radikale Prostatektomie ohne Nerverhalt geht mit Impotenz einher. Bei nerverhaltendem Vorgehen kann das Risiko der erektilen Dysfunktion gesenkt, aber nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Die präoperative Beratung der Patienten erfordert bei nerverhaltender Prostatektomie die Kenntnis der Faktoren, die Einfluss auf die postoperative Potenz haben. Patienten & Methoden: 110 Patienten antworteten 24 Monate nach radikaler perinealer nerverhaltender Prostatektomie auf einen per Post übermittelten Fragebogen. Die Patienten wurden, entsprechend dem Erection Hardness Score, nach der Rigidität ihrer Erektionen befragt. Überwiegend erfolgte der Nerverhalt unilateral (104/110. Verschiedene potenzielle Risikofaktoren (Alter, Qualität der präoperativen Erektion, Serum-PSA, Gleason-Score, Tumorvolumen, Prostatavolumen, adjuvante Strahlentherapie, ASA-Score, Chronic Disease Score [CDS], arterielle Hypertonie, Hypercholesterinämie, Diabetes mellitus, KHK, Nikotinkonsum wurden univariat mit der postoperativ erzielten Potenz korreliert. Multivariat wurden dann jene Parameter untersucht, die in der univariaten Analyse einen signifikanten (p ≤ 0,05 oder einen tendenziellen Zusammenhang (p ≤ 0,2 mit der postoperativen erektilen Funktion aufwiesen. Ergebnisse:Das Alter (p 0,001 und der ASAScore (p = 0,018 waren in der univariaten Analyse negative Prädiktoren der postoperativen Potenz. In der multivariaten Analyse war lediglich das Alter (p = 0,028 von signifikanter Bedeutung. Mit jedem Lebensjahr der Männer steigt das Risiko einer um eine Stufe im EHS schlechteren Erektion um das 1,128-Fache an. Bei einem Altersunterschied von 10 Jahren ist das Risiko eines postoperativ schlechteren Erektionsvermögens um den Faktor 3,334 erhöht, bei einem um 20 Jahre höheren Alter beträgt dieser Faktor 11,121. Diskussion & Praxisrelevanz: Das Lebensalter der Patienten wurde im Einklang mit der Literatur als signifikanter Faktor für die postoperative Potenz identifiziert

SCHULDUNFÄHIGE TÄTER IM STRAFRECHT UND IN DER RICHTERLICHEN RECHTSPRECHUNG DER REPUBLIK KROATIEN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dražen Tripalo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In der Arbeit wird die Gesetzesregulative hinsichtlich der Lage schuldunfähiger Täter aus der Perspektive des materiellen Strafrechtes und des Strafprozessrechtes sowie auch aus der Perspektive des Gesetzes über den Schutz von Personen mit seelischen Störungen dargestellt. Ebenfalls wird die Anwendung genannter Gesetzesvorschriften in der Rechtsprechung durch die Analyse von 25 rechtskräftigen Strafurteilen gegenüber schuldunfähigen Personen besprochen. Das Ziel dieser Darstellung und Analyse ist es, sowohl Best-Practice-Beispiele richterlicher Rechtsprechung als auch falsche Urteile und die Abweichungen zwischen ihnen festzustellen, um die Qualität der Urteile zu sichern und die Rechtsprechung anzugleichen. Die Urteile werden hinsichtlich der Anwendung von Gesetzesbegriffen, Vollständigkeit der Rechtsprechung, Begründung der Entscheidungen über Verhandlungen in Abwesenheit des Angeklagten, Form der Ausführung des Angeklagten und der Entscheidungen über Kosten analysiert. Besonderen Wert legt man in der Arbeit der Qualität von Entscheidungen über die Anordnung psychiatrischer Behandlung, weil diese Entscheidungen sehr oft nicht klar auf Gesetzesmerkmale hinweisen und ungenügend begründet sind.

Das migrationspolitische Feld der Schweiz: eine politikwissenschaftliche Analyse der Vernehmlassung zum Arbenzbericht

OpenAIRE

Mahnig, Hans

2007-01-01

Der Bericht, vom Bundesamt für Flüchtlinge (BFF) in Auftrag gegeben, stellt eine politikwissenschaftliche Analyse der Vernehmlassung zum Bericht Arbenz vom Mai 1995 dar, welche parallel zur Auswertung durch das BFF selbst unternommen wurde. Er hat zum Ziel, die zentralen Konflikt- und Konsensfelder in der gegenwärtigen migrationspolitischen Auseinandersetzung der Schweiz herauszuarbeiten. Die wichtigsten Resultate der Analyse sind die folgenden: Die Internationale Flüchtlingspolitik und die A...

Usability-Studie zu KonSearch : Evaluation der neuen Literatursuchmaschine der Universität Konstanz

OpenAIRE

Luca, Helena

2011-01-01

Der vorliegende Bericht beschreibt Hintergründe, Methodik und Ergebnisse einer Usability-Evaluation, die im Sommersemester 2011 im Zuge der Einführung der Literatursuchmaschine KonSearch an der Universität Konstanz durchgeführt wurde. Die neue Suchmaschine basiert auf dem Resource Discovery Service Summon der Firma SerialsSolutions. Sie soll den Benutzern der Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz eine effektive, effiziente und zufriedenstellende Suche nach wissenschaftlichen Informationen ermög...

Solicited Diary Studies of Psychotherapy in Qualitative Research - Pros and Cons

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mackrill, Thomas

2008-01-01

Diary studies are scarce within the field of qualitative psychotherapy research. In this article arguments for and against the employment of solicited diaries studies in qualitative psychotherapy research are investigated. The strengths of diary studies are presented along with arguments concerning...

[Meaning in life and mental health: personal meaning systems of psychotherapists and psychotherapy patients].

Science.gov (United States)

Löffler, Sabine; Knappe, Rainer; Joraschky, Peter; Pöhlmann, Karin

2010-01-01

This study investigated differences in the personal meaning systems of psychotherapists and psychotherapy patients as well as correlations between meaning in life and mental health. We qualitatively assessed the content and structure of the personal meaning systems of 41 psychotherapists and 77 psychotherapy patients. In addition, the participants completed questionnaires measuring meaning in life (LRI-r-d), sense of coherence (SOC-9L), self-esteem (RSES), satisfaction with life (SWLS), self-efficacy (SWK), and depression (BDI). The personal meaning systems of psychotherapists were more complex and coherent compared to psychotherapy patients. In the group of psychotherapy patients, a more elaborate structure of the personal meaning system correlated with the subjective sense of meaning. We were able to confirm correlations between meaning in life and mental health for most of the instances. Psychotherapists had more elaborate and coherent meaning systems than psychotherapy patients. Especially for psychotherapy patients elaborate and coherent meaning systems turned out to be important for mental health.

Der Mythos Konzernzentrale

OpenAIRE

Menz, Markus; Kunisch, Sven; Collis, David J.

2015-01-01

Sie werden als Zeichen von Leistung und Erfolg bewundert, aber auch als Ort der Machtkämpfe und Bürokratie misstrauisch beäugt. Haben Konzernzentralen in Zeiten der digitalen Vernetzung und der Globalisierung noch einen Sinn?

Auf dem Wege zu neuzeitlicher Toleranz und Gewissensfreiheit : Randbemerkungen zu Frage der (Nicht)tolerierung der Täufer in der Reformationszeit / Andres Saumets

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Saumets, Andres

2003-01-01

Ettekanne sümpoosionilt: Gemeinsames Symposium der Evangelisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Universität Tartu, der Estnischen Studiengesellschaft für Morgenlandkunde und der Deutschen Religionsgeschichtlichen Studiengesellschaft. Tartu, 2001

Der Vertragsarzt als Schlüsselfigur der Leistungsversorgung

OpenAIRE

Gassner, Ulrich M. (Prof.)

2010-01-01

Der Vertragsarzt als Schlüsselfigur der Leistungsversorgung. - In: Tıpta işbirliği ve hukuksal sorunlar = Delegation und Kooperation im Gesundheitswesen / ed.: Hakan Hakeri ... - Samsun : Adalet, 2010. - S. 209-222

Optimierung der Gesichtsklassifikation bei der Erkennung von Akromegalie

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frohner R

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In vorausgegangenen Studien konnte gezeigt werden, dass eine Gesichtsklassifikation mittels Gesichtsphotographien zur Diagnostik von Akromegalie mit guten Ergebnissen eingesetzt werden kann. In diesem Artikel werden die grundlegende Vorgehensweise der Klassifikation mittels der Software FIDA erläutert sowie Optimierungsansätze mit dem Ziel diskutiert, diese Methode näher an den klinischen Einsatz zu bringen. Die Gesichtsklassifikation basiert auf „Knotenpunkten“, die verteilt über die jeweilige Frontal- und/oder Seitenansicht des Gesichts platziert werden und den so genannten „Graphen“ bilden. Mittels mathematischer Verfahren erfolgt eine Analyse der zugrunde liegenden Textur des Bildes sowie die Auswertung geometrischer Informationen. Untersucht wird, wie sich die Reduktion von als irrelevant eingestuften Knoten auf das Klassifikationsergebnis auswirkt. Ebenso wird untersucht, wie sich neu definierte Knoten, die die typischen morphologischen Veränderungen der akromegalen Erkrankung im Gesicht berücksichtigen, auf die Klassifizierungsergebnisse auswirken. Die interne Validierung erfolgt an einem Datenset bestehend aus 57 an Akromegalie erkrankten Probanden (29 weiblich, 28 männlich sowie 59 Kontrollen (29 weiblich, 30 männlich. Die externe Validierung wird an einer weiteren Stichprobe gemessen, die zum Zeitpunkt der Präsentation auf der Tagung der European Neuroendocrine Association 2012 in Wien 13 akromegale Patienten (7 weiblich, 6 männlich sowie 45 Kontrollen (25 weiblich, 20 männlich umfasste. Die Datenbank wird ständig durch neue Probanden aus verschiedenen Quellen erweitert. Erste Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Verwendung von Graphen mit reduzierten Knoten und von neuen Sets von Knoten unter Einbeziehung typischer morphologischer Veränderungen des Gesichts die Klassifizierung weiter verbessert. Diese Ergebnisse ermutigen zu weiteren Untersuchungen an einer erweiterten Datenbank.

Verein der Kohlenimporteure. Annual report 2002; Verein der Kohlenimporteure. Jahresbericht 2002

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2003-07-01

Energy economy developments of the world, the European Union and the Federal Republic of Germany are gone into. The main aspects discussed are the coal market and trade which depends on political decisions and concepts, but also on the availability of other primary energy sources such as oil and nuclear power. The situation of the various countries in the field of coal is illustrated by so-called country reports. [German] Es wird auf die energiewirtschaftliche Entwicklung sowohl der Welt als auch der Europaeischen Union und speziell der Bundesrepublik Deutschland eingegangen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei der Kohlenmarkt und -handel, der von politischen Erscheinungen und Konzepten abhaengig ist, aber auch von der Entwicklung anderer Primaerenergien wie Oel und Kernkraft. In den sogenannten Laenderberichten wird die kohlewirtschaftliche Diskussion einzelner Laender behandelt.

The effects of training in time-limited dynamic psychotherapy: changes in therapeutic outcome.

Science.gov (United States)

Bein, E; Anderson, T; Strupp, H; Henry, W; Schacht, T; Binder, J; Butler, S

2000-02-01

The present study explored the effects on therapeutic outcomes of training therapists in brief manualized therapy. As part of the Vanderbilt II project, each of 16 therapists (8 psychiatrists and 8 clinical psychologists) treated 2 moderately disturbed adult patients using his or her customary short-term treatment methods; they then received a year of training in a manualized form of brief dynamic therapy, Time-Limited Dynamic Psychotherapy (TLDP); finally, they administered TLDP to 2 additional patients. It was hypothesized that training would result in improved outcomes generally and that differentially greater improvement would be seen in patients commonly considered less suitable for brief dynamic therapy. Outcome data obtained at termination failed to support either hypothesis. Measurements of interpersonal dependency obtained at a one-year follow-up were consistent with the first hypothesis, but the follow-up data were inconsistent with the second. A systematic review of the 32 posttraining cases suggested that the majority of the therapists had not achieved basic competence at TLDP. Die hier beschriebene Studie untersucht die Wirkungen eines Trainings in manualisierter Kurzzeitherapie auf das Therapierergebnis. Als Teil des Vanderbilt II Projektes behandelten jeweils 16 Therapeuten (8 Psychiater und 8 klinische Psychologen) zwei mittelgradig beeinrächtigte erwachsene Patienten mit den ihnen vertrauten Kurzzeitbehandlungsmethoden. Danach wurden sie über ein Jahr in einer manualisierten Form psychodynamischer Kurzzeittherapie ausgebildet und wandten diese Therapie auf zwei weitere Patienten an. Es wurde angenommen, dass die Ausbildung in besseren Ergebnisdaten, die bei Ende der Therapie erhoben wurden, konnten diese Hypothese nicht bestätigen. Maße für die interpersonale Abhängigkeit zu einem Einjahreskatamnesezeitpunkt waren mit der ersten Hypothese konform, aber inkonsistent mit der zweiten. Eine systematische Untersuchung der 32 nach der Ausbildung

Verantwortlicher Umgang mit Antibiotika: Notwendigkeit der Antibiotikareduktion in der Aknetherapie.

Science.gov (United States)

Gollnick, Harald P M; Buer, Jan; Beissert, Stefan; Sunderkätter, Cord

2016-12-01

Der übermäßige oder unkritische weltweite Einsatz von Antibiotika in der Medizin hat die Ausbreitung von Antibiotikaresistenzen beschleunigt. In einigen Bereichen sind viele Antibiotika bei bakteriellen Infektionen, die zuvor noch gut auf antibakterielle Wirkstoffe reagierten, mittlerweile wirkungslos geworden. Dermatologen/Venerologen setzten orale und topische Antibiotika bei der Behandlung von Acne vulgaris routinemäßig ein, obwohl Akne weder eine infektiöse Erkrankung ist noch alleine durch das Propionibacterium getriggert wird. Vielmehr ist sie eine komplexe, chronische entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die durch verschiedene pathogenetische Faktoren wie follikuläre Hyperkeratose, erhöhter Sebumproduktion, bakterielle Proliferation und Entzündung zustande kommt. Folglich sollte eine erfolgreiche Therapie auf die Bekämpfung verschiedener pathogenetischer Faktoren und nicht nur auf die von Propionibacterium acnes abzielen. Daher wurden topische Retinoide und Benzoylperoxid als Mittel der ersten Wahl definiert. Monotherapien mit lokalen Antibiotika sollten insgesamt vermieden werden. Systemische Antibiotika der Tetrazyklin-Gruppe haben bei bestimmen Krankheitsstadien ihren Sinn, ihre Wirkung könnte aber eher auf der antientzündlichen als auf der antibiotischen Reaktion beruhen. Gesundheitsbehörden ermahnen alle Gesundheitsdienstleister, den Einsatz von Antibiotika einzuschränken. Das Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnis muss bei der Entscheidung für oder gegen eine antibiotische Therapie bei einem einzelnen Patienten immer auch in Bezug auf das öffentliche Interesse am Erhalt der Wirksamkeit von Antibiotika abgewogen werden. Im Folgenden werden das aktuelle Krankheitskonzept zu Acne vulgaris und die sich daraus ableitenden Konsequenzen für den Einsatz von Antibiotika vorgestellt. © 2016 Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft (DDG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Dynamik, Schadstoffbelastung und Ökotoxizität der Sedimente in der Rummelsburger Bucht – Berliner Spree

OpenAIRE

Bölscher, Jens; Dumm, Michaela; Suthfeldt, René; Vogt, Benjamin; Bölscher, Judith; Terytze, Konstantin; Schulte, Achim

2017-01-01

Der vorliegende Bericht behandelt die Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojektes RUBUS, welches im Zeitraum November 2013 bis November 2015 von der Freien Universität Berlin durchgeführt wurde. Gegenstand des Projektes ist die Untersuchung der aktuellen Belastungssituation und der Dynamik der Sedimente in der Rummelsburger Bucht als Teil der urbanen Spree in Berlin. Das Projekt hat die Klärung der räumlichen Verteilung, Quantifizierung und Bewertung der Schadstoffbelastung in den Sedimenten der Ru...

Brief Psychotherapy for Maternal Depression: Impact on Mothers and Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Swartz, Holly A; Cyranowski, Jill M; Cheng, Yu; Zuckoff, Allan; Brent, David A; Markowitz, John C; Martin, Stacy; Amole, Marlissa C; Ritchey, Fiona; Frank, Ellen

2016-06-01

Two-generation studies demonstrate that treating maternal depression benefits school-age children. Although mothers prefer psychotherapy to medication, little is known about how psychotherapy for maternal depression affects offspring, especially in very high-risk families in which both mothers and children concurrently meet syndromal criteria for psychiatric disorders. This trial evaluated the effects of 2 brief psychotherapies for maternal depression on very high-risk families. Mothers with major depressive disorder were randomly assigned to 9 sessions of either brief interpersonal psychotherapy for mothers (IPT-MOMS; n = 85) or brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP; n = 83). Independent assessors evaluated mothers and their children, ages 7 to 18 years, diagnosed with at least 1 internalizing disorder, every 3 months over the course of 1 year. Symptoms and functioning of mothers and children improved significantly over time, with no between-group differences. However, children of mothers assigned to BSP had more outpatient mental health visits and were more likely to receive antidepressant medication. Mothers reported greater satisfaction with IPT-MOMS than BSP. Improvement in mothers' depressive symptoms was associated with improvement in child functioning in time-lagged fashion, with children improving 3 to 6 months after mothers improved. Antidepressant medication use and number of mental health visits received by children did not affect outcomes. IPT-MOMS and BSP demonstrated comparable beneficial effects on maternal depression. Children's functioning improved following maternal improvement, independent of youths' treatment. Children of mothers randomized to IPT-MOMS, compared with BSP, achieved comparable outcomes despite less follow-up treatment. Observation of lagged association between maternal improvement and change in child functioning should influence treatment planning for families. Clinical trial registration information-Psychotherapy for Depressed

Research on Psychotherapy Integration: Recommendations and Conclusions from an NIMH Workshop.

Science.gov (United States)

Wolfe, Barry E.; Goldfried, Marvin R.

1988-01-01

Describes National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) workshop (March 1986) which invited 14 psychotherapy researchers to consider key issues associated with psychotherapy integration. Discusses recommendations developed to initiate a research program encompassing conceptual clarification, efficacy studies of systematic eclectic therapies, the role…

Zu entwicklungstendenzen im satzbau der Deutschen sprache der gegenwart unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der ausrahmung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jasna Makovec

1983-01-01

Full Text Available Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde durch das Bestreben motiviert, weitere Ergänzungen zum Phänornen "Ausrahrnung in der modernen deutschen Schriftsprache der Gegenwart" zu leisten. Der Ausgangspunkt dieses "fakultativ" geregelten Bereiches ist die Annahme bzw. die Arbeitshypothese, daß sich linguistische und außerlinguistische Faktoren einander zuordnen lassen. Das bedeutet, daß die Linearität innerhalb des Kornrnunikationspro­ zesses auch einige wichtige kommunikative Funktionen auszuüben hat, und daß die kontextuellen Modifikationen der Stellungsva­ rianten bei gleichern Denotatsbezug unter diesern Blickwinkel untersucht werden müssen, und nicht gleich als stilistische Varianten qualifiziert werden.

Verbesserung der Symmetrie von Hirnaufnahmen entlang der Sagittalebene

Science.gov (United States)

Ens, Konstantin; Wenzel, Fabian; Fischer, Bernd

Die lokale Symmetrie von Hirnscans entlang der Sagittalebene zu ermitteln und zu modizifieren, ist für eine Reihe neurologischer Anwendungen interessant. Beispielsweise kann der voxelweise Vergleich von rechter und linker Hirnhälfte nur dann Aufschluss über die Lokalisierung von Läsionen geben, wenn durch Transformation ein Hirnscan eine möglichst hohe Symmetrie aufweist. Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet ist die Visualisierung von medialen Hirnschnitten, für die die Trennfläche beider Hirnhälfte möglichst eben sein sollte. Diese Arbeit stellt die Entwicklung eines Verfahrens vor, mit dessen Hilfe die Symmetrie von Hirnaufnahmen entlang der Sagittalebene verbessert werden kann. Dies geschieht unter Verwendung von aktiven Konturen, die mit Hilfe einer neuartigen Kostenfunktion gesteuert werden. Experimente am Ende der Arbeit mit strukturellen Kernspinaufnahmen demonstrieren die Leistungsfähigkeit des Verfahrens.

Der Heilige Geist und die Realisierung des Glaubens in der ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

29. Juli 2016 ... der Sprache bis hin zu den kulturellen und religiösen. Zeichensystemen, muss von dem Einzelnen empfangen und angeeignet werden. Kommunikation, auch die religiöse, verwirklicht sich ausschließlich in der Spannung von geschichtlicher Abhängigkeit und Transformation der überlieferten Gehalte im ...

Das Heideggersche Programm einer Urwissenschaft und die Ansätze der Überwindung der „Sachferne“ der Bewusstseinsphänomenologie von Edmund Husserl

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Radinković Željko

2012-01-01

Full Text Available (nemački Heideggersche erste Bewegungen in Richtung auf die Funda­mentalontologie lassen sich in seinen Vorlesungen der frühen 20er Jahren beobachten. Heidegger versucht darin, sich von dem Logizismus der Husserlschen Bewusstseinsphilosophie zu emanzipieren, indem er ein Konzept der Urwissenschaft entwirft. Die Urwis­senschaft soll bei der vortheoretischen Erfahrung, d. h. bei den vorreflexiven Erlebnissen ansetzen. Sie hat der entlebenden Tendenz der theoretischen Einstellung zum Erlebnis­strom entgegenzuwirken und somit die Voraussetzungen dafür zu schaffen, eine Viel­falt der lebendigen Erfahrungsweisen zum ausdrücklichen Verstehen zu bringen. Somit knüpft die Urwissenschaft an das Programm der Phänomenologie von Edmund Husserl, modifiziert es aber entscheidend, indem es aus der Sphäre des Bewusstseins in jene des lebendigen Erlebnisstroms verlegt.

Place of psychotherapy in psychology movement toward cognitivism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Todorović Milorad V.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Psychology striving to make us more aware of our own nature dominantly, if not exclusively, is realized through psychotherapy. Psychotherapy as a praxis of psychology, which only follows the psychological theory and without it we can hardly call it that, is largely dependent on the prevailing social trends and the dominant form of pathology that can occur in them. That theoretical aspects of many forms of pathology are not completely understood and not give the right to cancel the search for the unconscious forces that determine the subject. Dominant tendencies in contemporary psychology not only do not favor psychotherapy, but are directly aimed against it. At least against that psychotherapy which is based on the split subject, the interior space in which the physical and perceptual sensations, moral rules, mood depression and everything else that we call 'mental'. The great danger that is above psycho­therapy activity comes by pharmacology and cognitivism (lat. Cognitio 'knowledge' and the intellectual soul. Equating the mind and the brain makes psychotherapy unnecessary in relation to the pharmacology whose power impact becomes decisive on each deviation and every suffering. The fact that in the psychology shortens the long and uncertain path of mental knowledge that does not correspond to the nature of 'psychological' seems to be replaced by those efforts which are only concerned with the question of science. The fact that there is no comprehensive theory of emotions that can not be resolved by cognitivism which is opposite to emotional. Rorty's cynicism towards such efforts, which emphasize that the spirit is the same as that stimulate the brain and that the theorem symphonies and excreted in the same way that the spleen is excreted dark juices (Rorty 1990: 54 exhorts the psychology of the fact that instead of being which has a spirit, that is different from the 'physical body', 'matter', the central nervous system, has been the

Multiple attachments and group psychotherapy: implications for college counseling centers.

Science.gov (United States)

Marmarosh, Cheri L

2009-10-01

A large body of literature has supported the application of attachment theory to the understanding of college student development and the process of individual psychotherapy. Despite group treatment being one of the major methods of intervention in college counseling centers, there has been very little research guided by attachment theory that has been applied to the area of group psychotherapy. Many current assessment instruments used in college counseling centers can be supported with attachment theory, and many group therapy interventions are aimed at facilitating secure working models of self, other, and groups. This paper explores the importance of personal and group attachments in group psychotherapy and specifically addresses implications for clinical training and research in university counseling centers.

IFRS 8 OPERATING SEGMENTS: Eine Untersuchung der erstmaligen Anwendung in der Schweiz

OpenAIRE

Meyer, C; Weiss, S

2010-01-01

Seit dem 1. Januar 2009 sind kotierte IFRS-Anwender verpflichtet, eine Segmentberichterstattung nach IFRS 8 zu erstellen. Anhand einer Analyse der Geschäftsberichte 2009 der an der SIX Swiss Exchange kotierten Unternehmen soll ein Überblick über die erstmalige Anwendung von IFRS 8 "Operating Segments" in der Schweiz gewonnen werden.

Change mechanisms of schema-centered group psychotherapy with personality disorder patients.

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Wolfgang Tschacher

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: This study addressed the temporal properties of personality disorders and their treatment by schema-centered group psychotherapy. It investigated the change mechanisms of psychotherapy using a novel method by which psychotherapy can be modeled explicitly in the temporal domain. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS: 69 patients were assigned to a specific schema-centered behavioral group psychotherapy, 26 to social skills training as a control condition. The largest diagnostic subgroups were narcissistic and borderline personality disorder. Both treatments offered 30 group sessions of 100 min duration each, at a frequency of two sessions per week. Therapy process was described by components resulting from principal component analysis of patients' session-reports that were obtained after each session. These patient-assessed components were Clarification, Bond, Rejection, and Emotional Activation. The statistical approach focused on time-lagged associations of components using time-series panel analysis. This method provided a detailed quantitative representation of therapy process. It was found that Clarification played a core role in schema-centered psychotherapy, reducing rejection and regulating the emotion of patients. This was also a change mechanism linked to therapy outcome. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The introduced process-oriented methodology allowed to highlight the mechanisms by which psychotherapeutic treatment became effective. Additionally, process models depicted the actual patterns that differentiated specific diagnostic subgroups. Time-series analysis explores Granger causality, a non-experimental approximation of causality based on temporal sequences. This methodology, resting upon naturalistic data, can explicate mechanisms of action in psychotherapy research and illustrate the temporal patterns underlying personality disorders.

Hat das humane Wachtumshormon (hGH eine Relevanz in der Kontrolle der penilen Erektion?

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Ückert St

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Allgemeines: Schon seit langem wird die Frage einer Beteiligung des Hypophysenhormons Human Growth Hormone (Wachstumshormon, hGH, GH an der Kontrolle der sexuellen Maturation und der Reproduktionsfunktion des Menschen diskutiert. Die Symptome eines GH-Defizits beim Mann sind u. a. allgemeine Antriebslosigkeit, Oligo- oder Azoospermie, eine Verminderung der Libido sowie eine Beeinträchtigung der normalen Erektionsfähigkeit. Es wird vermutet, daß die biologischen Effekte des GH eine durch das Somatomedin Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1 vermittelte Stimulation der Produktion von Stickoxid (NO durch die endotheliale und neuronale Form des Enzyms NO-Synthase einschließen. So konnte gezeigt werden, daß physiologische Konzentrationen von GH den adrenergen Tonus isolierter Streifenpräparate humaner Schwellkörpermuskulatur antagonisieren und den Gewebegehalt des Second Messengers cGMP erhöhen. Im Rahmen dieser Studie haben wir in einem Kollektiv gesunder Männer und in einer Gruppe von Patienten mit erektiler Dysfunktion (ED die systemischen und cavernösen Serumkonzentrationen von GH während verschiedener peniler Funktionszustände, d. h. verschiedener Stadien der sexuellen Erregung, untersucht. Methoden: 35 gesunden männlichen Probanden und 45 Patienten mit einer ED organogener oder psychogener Genese wurden während der penilen Flakzidität, Tumeszenz, Rigidität - dieses Stadium wurde nur von den Gesunden erreicht - und Detumeszenz zeitgleich Blutproben aus einer Cubitalvene und dem Corpus cavernosum penis entnommen. Tumeszenz und Rigidität wurden durch visuelle und taktile Stimulation ausgelöst. Die Quantifizierung von GH in Aliquots der Serumfraktionen erfolgte mit immunradiometrischen Methoden (IRMA. Ergebnisse: In der Gruppe der gesunden Männer stieg die mittlere systemische und cavernöse Serumkonzentration von GH während der Tumeszenz an, während in den Phasen der Rigidität und Detumeszenz eine Abnahme registriert wurde

The future of humanity. How do we want to live tomorrow?; Die Zukunft der Menschheit. Wie wollen wir morgen leben?

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koenneker, Carsten (comp.)

2017-07-01

maennliche Unfruchtbarkeit waeren ein ethischer Dammbruch: Die Modifikationen wuerden weitervererbt); 4. Gerontologie: Der Methusalem-Effekt (Forscher untersuchen die Vorgaenge in Zellen, dank derer einzelne Menschen mehr als 100 Jahre leben); 5. Gesellschaft: Reiche Welt - arme Welt (In den Industrienationen stagniert die Einwohnerzahl, waehrend in den Entwicklungslaendern immer mehr Jugendliche nach Arbeit verlangen); 6. Ungleichheit: Gespaltene Gesellschaft (Spannungen, verschaerft durch Flucht und Migration, gefaehrden den sozialen Zusammenhalt); 7. Epidemiologie: Eine Diagnose der Menschheit (Globale Daten geben Aufschluss ueber den Gesundheitszustand der Erdbevoelkerung); 8. Geologie: Eine vielschichtige Angelegenheit; 9. Urbanistik: Die Stadt von morgen; 10. Technik: Energierevolution fuer Afrika (Der Kontinent koennte voll auf sauberen Strom setzen); 11. Transhumanismus: Wollen wir ewig leben? 12. Soziale Kontakte: Lass das, Papa, nicht googeln. (Sherry Turkle warnt vor dem staendigen Vernetztsein.); 13. Anthropozaen: Apokalypse oder Aufbruch? (Wir bestimmen das Schicksal des intelligenten Lebens). Ein Beitrag wurde fuer diese Datenbank separat aufgenommen.

Effizienz der Rebiopsie der Prostata: Untersuchungen von Transitionalzonen- und lateralen Biopsien

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Fink KG

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Zweck dieser Untersuchung war es, die Effizienz von Transitionalzonenbiopsien und von Biopsien der lateralen Anteile der Prostata zur Karzinomentdeckung zu untersuchen, nachdem eine vorangegangene Biopsie keinen Tumor finden konnte. Methodik: Wir untersuchten 74 Präparate nach radikaler Prostatektomie und unterzogen diese einer sonographisch gezielten Prostatabiopsie ex vivo. Zuerst erfolgte eine Sextantenbiopsie, dann zwei unterschiedliche Rebiopsien. Rebiopsie-Technik A bestand aus einer lateral plazierten Sextantenbiopsie und zwei Stanzen aus den Transitionalzonen je Seite. Rebiopsie-Technik B bestand aus einer Sextantenbiopsie und zwei Stanzen je Seite aus den lateralen Arealen der Prostata. Ergebnisse: Mit der initialen Sextantenbiopsie konnten 39 Karzinome gefunden werden (53 %. Von den verbliebenen Karzinomen konnten mit der Rebiopsie-Technik A 12 Karzinome gefunden werden. In dieser Gruppe fand eine lateral durchgeführte Sextantenbiopsie 12 Karzinome. Die Transitionalzonenbiopsien waren in 5 Fällen positiv, jedoch konnte kein zusätzlicher Tumor entdeckt werden. Mit der Rebiopsie-Technik B wurden 23 Karzinome gefunden. 14 Tumore enthielten die Stanzen der Sextantenbiopsie. Zusätzliche 9 Tumore waren in den Stanzen aus den lateralen Arealen der Prostata enthalten. Schlußfolgerungen: Eine Standard-Sextantenbiopsie hat eine niedrige Sensitivität von nur 53 %. Eine Biopsie, welche die Transitionalzonen inkludiert, ist nicht geeignet, die verbliebenen Karzinome zu finden. In dieser Studie zeigte die Wiederholung einer Sextantenbiopsie mit zusätzlichen Stanzen aus den lateralen Arealen das beste Ergebnis bei der Rebiopsie.

Der Begriff der Verständlichkeit in der modernen Physik (1948).

Science.gov (United States)

Feyerabend, Paul K

2016-06-01

This is a critical transcription of Paul Feyerabend's earliest extant essay "Der Begriff der Verständlichkeit in der modernen Physik" (1948) recovered from the European Forum Alpbach archives. In it, Feyerabend defends positivism as a progressive framework for scientific research in certain stages of scientific development. He argues that in physics visualizability (Anschaulichkeit) and intelligibility (Verständlichkeit) are time-conditioned concepts: what is deemed visualizable in the development of physical theories is relative to a specific historical context and changes over time. He concludes that from time to time the abandonment of visualizability is crucial for progress in physics, as it is conducive to major theory change, illustrating the point on the basis of advances in atomic theory. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Problembasiertes kollaboratives Lernen mit virtuellen Patienten in der Kinderheilkunde: ein Beispiel aus der Ausbildungspraxis

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Sostmann, Kai

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Der studentische Unterricht in der Kinderheilkunde an der Charité hat seit 1999 mehrere Umstrukturierungen durchlaufen. Mit der Einführung der neuen ärztlichen Approbationsordnung 2004 im Regelstudiengang (RSG und dem Modellcurriculum Reformstudiengang Medizin (RSM 1999 müssen zwei Curricula parallel neu konzipiert und gepflegt werden. Durch den Schwerpunkt Unterricht am Krankenbett (UaK im RSG ergaben sich neue didaktische, pädagogische und infrastrukturelle Anforderungen. Die technische und inhaltliche Weiterentwicklung der Einsatzmöglichkeiten elektronischer Lernszenarien durch e-Learning im Rahmen des BMBF-geförderten Projektes ELWIS-MED, ermöglichte die Erprobung der curricularen Implementierung von e-Learning-Modulen im Pflichtunterricht. Der UaK wurde durch die Bearbeitung kinderheilkundlicher elektronischer Lernfälle online ergänzt. Die Studierenden sollten tutoriell betreute Diskussionen zu fachlichen Aufgabenstellungen online führen. In der ersten Erprobungsstufe wurde der Einsatz der Diskussionsforen in Verbindung mit den Lernfällen von den Studierenden und Lehrenden als sinnvolle Ergänzung betrachtet. In zukünftigen Einsatzszenarien sollte eine Messung des studentischen Lernerfolgs mit dieser Methode erfolgen.

Implantate in der Augenheilkunde

Science.gov (United States)

Dresp, Joachim H.

Im Bereich der Augenheilkunde findet sich die weltweit am häufigsten ausgeführte chirurgische Massnahme, die operative Behandlung des Grauen Stars: die Katarakt. Bei der Katarakt handelt es sich um eine Eintrübung der natürlichen Augenlinse, die sich je nach Stadium der Erkrankung leicht opak, über milchig bis zu bräunlich präsentiert. Mit dieser Zunahme der Undurchlässigkeit für das sichtbare Licht geht eine Abnahme des Sehvermögens einher, die bis zur totalen Erblindung führen kann. Bedingt durch die sehr eingeschränkten chirurgischen Möglichkeiten in den Ländern der Dritten Welt ist die Katarakt die Erblindungsursache Nummer 1 in der Welt. Ganz im Gegensatz hierzu ist in den industrialisierten Ländern Europas, Amerikas und Asiens die Katarakt-OP die sicherste chirurgische Intervention. In der Augenheilkunde werden Implantate aller drei Aggregatszustände verwendet.

Believing is seeing: an evolving research program on patients' psychotherapy expectations.

Science.gov (United States)

Constantino, Michael J

2012-01-01

In this article I discuss one facet of my evolving research program focused on patients' psychotherapy-related expectations. Although generally considered a common psychotherapeutic factor, expectations have been historically undervalued conceptually, empirically, and clinically. Attempting to somewhat redress this slight, I will (a) define the various forms of patients' psychotherapy-related expectations, (b) present relevant findings from research that my colleagues, students, and I have conducted, (c) summarize an integrative psychotherapy approach that underscores expectations as an explanatory construct for patients' corrective experiences, and (d) highlight future research directions for increasing our understanding of the nature and functions of the expectancy construct.

Vorkommen und Soziologie der Cuscuta-Arten in der Ufervegetation des Niederrheins

OpenAIRE

Schmitz, Ulf; Lösch, Rainer

2016-01-01

Um den Stand der gegenwärtigen Verbreitung der drei in der Ufervegetation des Niederrheins vorkommenden Cuscuta-Arten C. lupuliformis KROCKER, C. europaea L. und C. gronovii WILLD. festzustellen, wurde eine Kartierung beider Rheinufer zwischen Monheim-Baumberg (Kr. Mettmann) und der niederländischen Grenze durchgeführt. Cuscuta europaea und Cuscuta lupuliformis sind im gesamten Rheinverlauf häufig zu finden, wobei letztere Art die Prallufer des Rheins bevorzugt. Die seltenere Art Cuscuta gron...

A comparative trial of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for "pure" dysthymic patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Markowitz, John C; Kocsis, James H; Bleiberg, Kathryn L; Christos, Paul J; Sacks, Michael

2005-12-01

Psychotherapy of "pure" dysthymic disorder remains understudied. This article reports outcomes of an acute randomized trial of 94 subjects treated for 16 weeks with either interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), brief supportive psychotherapy (BSP), sertraline, or sertraline plus IPT. Recruited by clinical referral and advertising, subjects met DSM-IV criteria for early onset dysthymic disorder, with no episode of major depression in the prior six months. They were randomly assigned to one of four 16-week treatments, with options for crossover or continuation treatment. Results were analyzed from the intention-to-treat sample by ANCOVA, controlling for baseline depressive severity. Subjects improved in all conditions over time, with the cells including sertraline pharmacotherapy showing superiority over psychotherapy alone for response and remission. Response rates were 58% for sertraline alone, 57% for combined treatment, 35% for IPT, and 31% for BSP. The study was underpowered and may have employed too "active" a control condition. Follow-up data were unobtainable. In this acute trial for "pure" dysthymic disorder, sertraline with or without IPT showed advantages relative to IPT and BSP. Methodological difficulties may have limited differential outcome findings. This study bolsters a small but growing literature on the treatment of dysthymic disorder, suggesting that pharmacotherapy may acutely benefit patients more than psychotherapy.

The Arts, Crafts, and Sciences of Psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Benjamin, Lorna Smith

2015-11-01

Contemporary training and practice of psychotherapy and the research that supports it is the subject of this review. I discuss it in the light of what I value most from my own professional training, which was, in my opinion, highly privileged by comparison with what is offered today. A minimal hoped-for outcome is that younger readers will find valuable tidbits here and there that will be useful in their own versions of psychotherapy. A maximal hope is that a few individuals who choose to maintain clinical skills as well as emphasize psychotherapy research might be encouraged to follow their instincts toward excellence. They would allow their curiosity to bloom and their work to be creative and more adherent to the rules of natural science than time allows in these days of dashboards that count funding associated with numbers of publications, grants, teaching, and service hours. Admittedly, that path less well traveled would be risky, because what truly is new takes time to develop and implement and the outcomes when research truly can disconfirm hypotheses (as distinct from fail to confirm them) are, well, uncertain. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

An Alternative Policy Proposal for the Provinces Populated by the Malay Ethnonationality in the South of Thailand

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Otto F. von Feigenblatt

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This article provides a public policy analysis of governance in the provinces populated by the Malay ethnonationality in the South of Thailand. Important stakeholders are identified as well as important sociopolitical environmental factors. The final sections of the paper present a proposal for a new governance structure for the Muslim South of Thailand taking into consideration the social, cultural, and economic context as well as the wellbeing and right to self-determination of the local population. This study concludes that considerable economic, political, and social opportunities for development are being lost in the South of Thailand due to misguided governance policies. --- Dieser Artikel stellt eine politische Analyse von Governance in den von der nationalen Minderheit der Malaien bewohnten Provinzen in Südthailand vor. Zunächst werden zentrale InteressensvertreterInnen und soziopolitische Faktoren identifiziert. Anschließend diskutiert der Autor einen Vorschlag für eine neue Governancestruktur, die soziale, kulturelle und wirtschaftliche Kontexte ebenso beachtet wie die Bedürfnisse und das Recht zur Selbstbestimmung der lokalen Bevölkerung. Der Beitrag konkludiert, dass beträchtliche Möglichkeiten zur wirtschaftlichen, politischen und sozialen Entwicklung aufgrund von fehlgeleiteten Politiken ausgelassen wurden.

Die Sprache der Mode - Eine linguistische Betrachtung lexikalischer und stilistischer Besonderheiten in der Sprache der Modewelt

OpenAIRE

Suchert, Anne

2015-01-01

Diese wissenschaftliche Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Eigentümlichkeit der geschriebenen Modesprache. Da die Modesprache offensichtliche sprachliche Auffälligkeiten sowie einen überaus kreativen und erfrischend humorvollen Umgang mit Sprache aufweist, sollte sie unter wissenschaftlichen Aspekten betrachtet werden. Mode ist eine Institution mit der sich die Soziologie seit jeher ausführlich beschäftigt. Somit stellt sie auch einen interessanten Untersuchungsgegenstand für die Soziolinguisti...

Social Problem Solving and Depressive Symptoms Over Time: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy, Brief Supportive Psychotherapy, and Pharmacotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Klein, Daniel N.; Leon, Andrew C.; Li, Chunshan; D’Zurilla, Thomas J.; Black, Sarah R.; Vivian, Dina; Dowling, Frank; Arnow, Bruce A.; Manber, Rachel; Markowitz, John C.; Kocsis, James H.

2011-01-01

Objective Depression is associated with poor social problem-solving, and psychotherapies that focus on problem-solving skills are efficacious in treating depression. We examined the associations between treatment, social problem solving, and depression in a randomized clinical trial testing the efficacy of psychotherapy augmentation for chronically depressed patients who failed to fully respond to an initial trial of pharmacotherapy (Kocsis et al., 2009). Method Participants with chronic depression (n = 491) received Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), which emphasizes interpersonal problem-solving, plus medication; Brief Supportive Psychotherapy (BSP) plus medication; or medication alone for 12 weeks. Results CBASP plus pharmacotherapy was associated with significantly greater improvement in social problem solving than BSP plus pharmacotherapy, and a trend for greater improvement in problem solving than pharmacotherapy alone. In addition, change in social problem solving predicted subsequent change in depressive symptoms over time. However, the magnitude of the associations between changes in social problem solving and subsequent depressive symptoms did not differ across treatment conditions. Conclusions It does not appear that improved social problem solving is a mechanism that uniquely distinguishes CBASP from other treatment approaches. PMID:21500885

Effectiveness of Psychotherapy in Personality Disorders Not Otherwise Specified: A Comparison of Different Treatment Modalities.

Science.gov (United States)

Horn, Eva K; Bartak, Anna; Meerman, Anke M M A; Rossum, Bert V; Ziegler, Uli M; Thunnissen, Moniek; Soons, Mirjam; Andrea, Helene; Hamers, Elisabeth F M; Emmelkamp, Paul M G; Stijnen, Theo; Busschbach, Jan J V; Verheul, Roel

2015-01-01

Although personality disorder not otherwise specified (PDNOS) is highly prevalent and associated with a high burden of disease, only a few treatment studies in this patient group exist. This study is the first to investigate the effectiveness of different modalities of psychotherapy in patients with PDNOS, i.e., short-term (up to 6 months) and long-term (more than 6 months) outpatient, day hospital, and inpatient psychotherapy. A total of 205 patients with PDNOS were assigned to one of six treatment modalities. Effectiveness was assessed over 60 months after baseline. The primary outcome measure was symptom severity, and the secondary outcome measures included psychosocial functioning and quality of life. The study design was quasi-experimental, and the multiple propensity score was used to control for initial differences between treatment groups. All treatment modalities showed positive outcomes, especially in terms of improvements of symptom severity and social role functioning. At 12-month follow-up, after adjustment for initial differences between the treatment groups, short-term outpatient psychotherapy and short-term inpatient psychotherapy showed most improvement and generally outperformed the other modalities concerning symptom severity. At 60 months after baseline, effectiveness remained but observed differences between modalities mostly diminished. Patients with PDNOS benefit from psychotherapy both at short-term and long-term follow-up. Short-term outpatient psychotherapy and short-term inpatient psychotherapy seem to be superior to the other treatment modalities at 12-month follow-up. At 60-month follow-up, treatments showed mostly comparable effectiveness. The effectiveness of different modalities of psychotherapy in patients with PDNOS (i.e., short-term vs long-term; outpatient versus day hospital versus inpatient psychotherapy) has not yet been compared. Different modalities of psychotherapy are effective for patients with PDNOS, and positive

Efficacy of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy for adult psychiatric disorders: a systematic overview of meta-analyses.

Science.gov (United States)

Huhn, Maximilian; Tardy, Magdolna; Spineli, Loukia Maria; Kissling, Werner; Förstl, Hans; Pitschel-Walz, Gabriele; Leucht, Claudia; Samara, Myrto; Dold, Markus; Davis, John M; Leucht, Stefan

2014-06-01

There is debate about the effectiveness of psychiatric treatments and whether pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy should be primarily used. To perform a systematic overview on the efficacy of pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies for major psychiatric disorders and to compare the quality of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy trials. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library (April 2012, with no time or language limit) for systematic reviews on pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy vs placebo, pharmacotherapy vs psychotherapy, and their combination vs either modality alone. Two reviewers independently selected the meta-analyses and extracted efficacy effect sizes. We assessed the quality of the individual trials included in the pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy meta-analyses with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The search yielded 45,233 results. We included 61 meta-analyses on 21 psychiatric disorders, which contained 852 individual trials and 137,126 participants. The mean effect size of the meta-analyses was medium (mean, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.41-0.59). Effect sizes of psychotherapies vs placebo tended to be higher than those of medication, but direct comparisons, albeit usually based on few trials, did not reveal consistent differences. Individual pharmacotherapy trials were more likely to have large sample sizes, blinding, control groups, and intention-to-treat analyses. In contrast, psychotherapy trials had lower dropout rates and provided follow-up data. In psychotherapy studies, wait-list designs showed larger effects than did comparisons with placebo. Many pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies are effective, but there is a lot of room for improvement. Because of the multiple differences in the methods used in pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy trials, indirect comparisons of their effect sizes compared with placebo or no treatment are problematic. Well-designed direct comparisons, which are scarce, need public funding. Because patients often benefit

Practice Study Outpatient Psychotherapy - Switzerland (PAP-S) : Study design and feasibility (Revised edition)

OpenAIRE

Wyl, Agnes von; Crameri, Aureliano; Koemeda, Margit; Tschuschke, Volker; Schulthess, Peter

2016-01-01

Revised edition of Von Wyl, A., Crameri, A., Koemeda, M., Tschuchke, V. & Schulthess, P. (2013). The PAP-S (Practice of Ambulant Psychotherapy-Study), Switzerland: Study Design and Feasibility. Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich. The original article was published in German: von Wyl, A., Crameri, A., Koemeda, M., Tschuschke, V. & Schulthess, P. (2013). Praxisstudie ambulante Psychotherapie Schweiz (PAP-S): Studiendesign und Machbarkeit. Psychotherapie-Wissenschaft, 1, 6-22; op...

Psychosis and the dynamics of the psychotherapy process

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rosenbaum, Bent; Harder, Susanne

2007-01-01

The role of psychotherapy in the treatment of psychoses remains controversial but there is improving acceptance that an understanding of the dynamics of the psychological processes involved in treatment and in the disorder itself may be important. Psychosis is understood as a detachment of the 's......The role of psychotherapy in the treatment of psychoses remains controversial but there is improving acceptance that an understanding of the dynamics of the psychological processes involved in treatment and in the disorder itself may be important. Psychosis is understood as a detachment...

“Green” or “Red”? Reframing the Environmental Discourse in Nigeria „Grün“ oder „Rot“? Zur Themenverschiebung im nigerianischen umweltpolitischen Diskurs

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akin Iwilade

2012-01-01

zentrale Thema eines sozialen Diskurses zum Abbau von Ressourcen ist die Eigentumsfrage und nicht notwendigerweise die Nachhaltigkeit; wird der Diskurs von sozialen Bewegungen bestimmt, wird die einzigartige umweltpolitische Relevanz möglicherweise nicht ausreichend herausgestellt. Der Autor plädiert für eine alternative Themensetzung im umweltpolitischen Diskurs in Entwicklungsländern wie Nigeria.

Theorien der Videokunst

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Decker-Phillips, Edith; Lemke, Inga; Bruns, Karin

¨ sterreich und der Schweiz, die seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre entstanden sind und den Begriff des Mediums Video bestimmen, erweitern, die spezifische Leistung der Videokunst deuten oder ihre Systematik und Historisierung versuchen. Es finden Texte Ber¨ ucksichtigung, die den sich ver¨andernden Gebrauch des...

Culturally Adapted Psychotherapy and the Legitimacy of Myth: A Multilevel Model, Direct Comparison Meta-Analysis

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Benish, Steven G.

2010-01-01

Culturally adapted psychotherapy has potential to improve psychotherapy outcomes for ethnic and racial minorities and solve a decades-long conundrum that alteration of specific ingredients does not improve psychotherapy outcomes. Adaptation of the cultural explanation of illness, known as the anthropological Myth in universal healing practices…

Pathogenese der Endometriose

OpenAIRE

Samartzis, E P; Imesch, P; Fink, D

2012-01-01

Ein grundlegendes Verständnis der Pathogenese der Endometriose ist eine zwingende Voraussetzung zur Etablierung neuer und wirksamer Therapieoptionen. Dabei erscheint die Endometriose als heterogene Gruppe von Krankheitsformen, die sich unterschiedlich manifestieren. Dies erklärt, weshalb die genaue Pathogenese der Endometriose bis heute ein nicht abschliessend erforschtes Gebiet bleibt.

Psychotherapy research needs theory. Outline for an epistemology of the clinical exchange.

Science.gov (United States)

Salvatore, Sergio

2011-09-01

This paper provides an analysis of a basic assumption grounding the clinical research: the ontological autonomy of psychotherapy-based on the idea that the clinical exchange is sufficiently distinguished from other social objects (i.e. exchange between teacher and pupils, or between buyer and seller, or interaction during dinner, and so forth). A criticism of such an assumption is discussed together with the proposal of a different epistemological interpretation, based on the distinction between communicative dynamics and the process of psychotherapy-psychotherapy is a goal-oriented process based on the general dynamics of human communication. Theoretical and methodological implications are drawn from such a view: It allows further sources of knowledge to be integrated within clinical research (i.e. those coming from other domains of analysis of human communication); it also enables a more abstract definition of the psychotherapy process to be developed, leading to innovative views of classical critical issues, like the specific-nonspecific debate. The final part of the paper is devoted to presenting a model of human communication--the Semiotic Dialogical Dialectic Theory--which is meant as the framework for the analysis of psychotherapy.

Efficacy of group psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder: A meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

Science.gov (United States)

Barkowski, Sarah; Schwartze, Dominique; Strauss, Bernhard; Burlingame, Gary M; Barth, Jürgen; Rosendahl, Jenny

2016-04-01

Group psychotherapy for social anxiety disorder (SAD) is an established treatment supported by findings from primary studies and earlier meta-analyses. However, a comprehensive summary of the recent evidence is still pending. This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of group psychotherapy for adult patients with SAD. A literature search identified 36 randomized-controlled trials examining 2171 patients. Available studies used mainly cognitive-behavioral group therapies (CBGT); therefore, quantitative analyses were done for CBGT. Medium to large positive effects emerged for wait list-controlled trials for specific symptomatology: g=0.84, 95% CI [0.72; 0.97] and general psychopathology: g=0.62, 95% CI [0.36; 0.89]. Group psychotherapy was also superior to common factor control conditions in alleviating symptoms of SAD, but not in improving general psychopathology. No differences appeared for direct comparisons of group psychotherapy and individual psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy. Hence, group psychotherapy for SAD is an efficacious treatment, equivalent to other treatment formats. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Psychodramatic psychotherapy combined with pharmacotherapy in major depressive disorder: an open and naturalistic study

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Costa Elisabeth Maria Sene

2006-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVE: Recent literature has highlighted the role of psychotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Combined therapies comprising both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy have presented the best results. Although several kinds of psychotherapies have been studied in the treatment of depressive disorders, there remains a lack of data on psychodramatic psychotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of psychodramatic psychotherapy (in a sample of major depressive disorder patients. METHOD: This is an open, naturalistic, controlled, non-randomized study. Twenty major depressive disorder patients (according to the DSM-IV criteria, under pharmacological treatment for depression, with Hamilton Depression Scale total scores between 7 and 20 (mild to moderate depression, were divided into two groups. Patients in the psychotherapeutic group took part in 4 individual and 24 structured psychodramatic group sessions, whilst subjects in the control group did not participate in this psychodramatic psychotherapy. Both groups were evaluated with the Social Adjustment Scale - Self Report and the Hamilton Depression Scale. RESULTS: Psychotherapeutic group patients showed a significant improvement according to the Social Adjustment Scale - Self Report and the Hamilton Depression Scale scores at endpoint, compared to those of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that individual and group psychodramatic psychotherapy, associated to pharmacological treatment, provides good clinical benefits in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Thema:Gleichheit Natur –Mensch:Aufbrechen der anthropozentrischen Maßstäbe in der Globalisierungsdebatte Überlegungen zum Stellenwert der Philosophie in der Globalisierungsdebatte

OpenAIRE

Dungl, Eva

2003-01-01

Seminararbeit im Rahmen des Seminars Globalisierung und Philosophie im WS 2003/2004 bei Univ.-Prof.Dr.Franz Martin Wimmer Inhalt:EINLEITUNG I.Infragestellen der Ökonomie als Wohlfahrt des Menschen II.Einbindung der Ethik in die Ökonomie III.Ist die Einbindung der Ethik in die Ökonomie möglich?IV.Versuch eines ontolologisch-erkenntnistheoretischen Ansatzes im Verhältnis Natur-Mensch I.Natur versus Technik HAUPTTEIL I.Natur versus Technik II.Der "Natur â€?-Begriff im a...

History of Division 29, 1993-2013: another 20 years of psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, Elizabeth Nutt; Barnett, Jeffrey E; Canter, Mathilda B

2013-03-01

The history of Division 29 (Psychotherapy) of the American Psychological Association (APA) from 1993 to 2013 is reviewed. The 20 years of history can be traced via the Division's primary publications (the journal Psychotherapy and its newsletter Psychotherapy Bulletin) as well as the history of those who have served leadership roles in the Division and have won Divisional awards. Several recurring themes emerge related to the Division's articulations of its own identity, the Division's advocacy efforts vis-à-vis the profession and the APA, and the work of the Division on behalf of major social issues (such as disaster relief and the nation's health care).

Emerging and continuing trends in psychotherapy: views from an editor's eye.

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Gelso, Charles J

2011-06-01

It is proposed that six major trends in psychotherapy have continued or emerged over the course of the author's editorship of Psychotherapy, the past seven years. These trends are (a) the increasing integration of techniques and the therapeutic relationship; (b) increasing focus on theoretical integration; (c) increasing efforts at research-practice integration; (d) increases in more specific, integrative reviews; (e) integration of biological, neuroscience understandings; and (f) integration of diversity and cultural considerations into psychotherapy. Each trend is described and its impact on the field is discussed. Cautions about each trend are also noted. The six trends are discussed in the context of integration.

Modern tendencies in psychotherapy: The specialisation of practice and knowledge integration

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Gavrilov-Jerković Vesna

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The paper considers chronological and theoretical development of psychotherapy with the aim of formulating psychotherapeutic paradigm as an expression of scientific improvement in this field, as well as methodological and empirical assumption of integrative models in the psychotherapy. Special attention is paid to the phenomena that have characterised the field of psychotherapy in recent time, such as, on one hand, the emphasis on the increased need for the empirical evaluation of practice and accompanied trend regarding specialisation, and, on the other hand, the strengthening of the trend towards defining and researching general change mechanisms from wider, more integrative and transtheoretical perspective.

Parent-Infant Psychotherapy and Postpartum Depression: The Fathers Participation

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Milena da Rosa Silva

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Given the specificities of postpartum maternal depression, the literature recommends that fathers become involved in psychological interventions within this context. This study presents an investigation of the participation of fathers in parent-infant psychotherapy in the context of maternal postpartum depression. Two families participated in this study, both with a child aged between 7 and 8 months old, whose mothers showed depressive symptoms. These families participated in parent-infant psychotherapy lasting approximately 12 sessions. Analysis of the fathers’ participation in psychotherapy showed that their presence during sessions enables the therapy to address aspects of parenthood, and also reduce the feeling of mothers as being the only ones responsible for the family’s process of change. In regard to the technique, the presence of fathers during sessions allows the therapist to see and address the issues concerning mother-father-infant during sessions.

van der Waals

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

University education was beyond reach for van der Waals as he had to work for earning his daily bread ... languages, which was a prerequisite for entering a University those days. van der Waals worked as a school ... take academic examinations at the University yet, van der Waals continued studying at Leiden. University ...

Content Coding of Psychotherapy Transcripts Using Labeled Topic Models.

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Gaut, Garren; Steyvers, Mark; Imel, Zac E; Atkins, David C; Smyth, Padhraic

2017-03-01

Psychotherapy represents a broad class of medical interventions received by millions of patients each year. Unlike most medical treatments, its primary mechanisms are linguistic; i.e., the treatment relies directly on a conversation between a patient and provider. However, the evaluation of patient-provider conversation suffers from critical shortcomings, including intensive labor requirements, coder error, nonstandardized coding systems, and inability to scale up to larger data sets. To overcome these shortcomings, psychotherapy analysis needs a reliable and scalable method for summarizing the content of treatment encounters. We used a publicly available psychotherapy corpus from Alexander Street press comprising a large collection of transcripts of patient-provider conversations to compare coding performance for two machine learning methods. We used the labeled latent Dirichlet allocation (L-LDA) model to learn associations between text and codes, to predict codes in psychotherapy sessions, and to localize specific passages of within-session text representative of a session code. We compared the L-LDA model to a baseline lasso regression model using predictive accuracy and model generalizability (measured by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) from the receiver operating characteristic curve). The L-LDA model outperforms the lasso logistic regression model at predicting session-level codes with average AUC scores of 0.79, and 0.70, respectively. For fine-grained level coding, L-LDA and logistic regression are able to identify specific talk-turns representative of symptom codes. However, model performance for talk-turn identification is not yet as reliable as human coders. We conclude that the L-LDA model has the potential to be an objective, scalable method for accurate automated coding of psychotherapy sessions that perform better than comparable discriminative methods at session-level coding and can also predict fine-grained codes.

Psychotherapy via Videoconferencing: A Review

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Simpson, Susan

2009-01-01

Research into the use of videoconferencing for clinical purposes, in particular psychotherapy, is gradually expanding. A number of case studies and case series have suggested that videoconferencing can be clinically effective and acceptable to patients. Nevertheless, there is a lack of methodologically rigorous studies with adequate sample sizes…

Ideengeschichte der Physik

CERN Document Server

Kuhn, Wildfried

2016-01-01

Die Ideengeschichte der Physik geht neue Wege, indem sie den umfangreichen historischen Stoff nicht additiv darstellt, sondern wissenschaftstheoretisch reflektiert und nach thematischen Leitlinien (Materievorstellungen, Raum und Zeit, Erhaltungskonzepte, Extremalprinzipien, Theorie und Experiment) strukturiert. Damit vermittelt diese Darstellung im historischen Kontext ein tieferes Verständnis des physikalischen Denkens von der Antike bis heute und lotet zugleich die Dimension der Genesis physikalischer Begriffe aus, die in modernen Lehrbüchern zumeist nicht dargelegt wird. Das Credo Kuhns: Wer über die handwerkliche Handhabung von Physik hinausgehen will, muss sich zwingend mit der Frage befassen, was physikalisches Denken ausmacht und wie es entstanden ist. Die vorliegende zweite Auflage wurde ergänzt durch ein Vorwort von Prof. Dr. Oliver Schwarz, der im Institut Wilfried Kuhns forschen konnte und dabei dessen Denk- und Arbeitsweisen kennengelernt hat.

Urämische Kardiomyopathie und der Einfluss der Hämodialyse

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Valina, Ulrike Katrin

2011-01-01

ZIEL: Analyse von Risikofaktoren und Entstehungsmechanismen der urämischen Kardiomyopathie bei Hämodialysepatienten und Vergleich von Diagnostiken zur frühen Detektion kardialer Funktionstörungen zur Optimierung der Therapie bei terminaler Niereninsuffizienz und Senkung der hohen Mortalitätsrate. METHODEN: Einschluss von 32 Hämodialysepatienten. Messungen mittels Blutentnahme (Entzündungs-, Atherosklerose-, Anämieparameter, EPO, PTH und RAAS) und MRT (Herzfunktion, Herzmorphologie und Her...

Psychiatric and psychotherapeutic literacy: attitudes to, and knowledge of, psychotherapy.

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Furnham, Adrian

2009-11-01

Whereas there is now a rapidly emerging literature on psychiatric literacy (Jorm, 2000), there is much less work on the public's knowledge of, and beliefs about the purpose of, and processes involved in, psychotherapy. This study looked at what lay people think happens during psychotherapy; what the processes and aims are; and the aetiology, treatment and prognosis for a mood and psychotic (bipolar, schizophrenia) and two neurotic (depression, obsessive-compulsive) disorders. In total 185 British adults, recruited by a market research company, completed a four-part questionnaire, lasting about 20 minutes. Participants were generally very positive about psychotherapy believing the experience to be highly beneficial. Schizophrenia was seen to have a biological basis; depression and bipolar disorder were perceived to have family, work and other stress-related causal issues; obsessive-compulsive disorder was seen to be caused by stress and family-related issues. Participants thought psychotherapy a very effective treatment but drug treatments more effective for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. 'Talking it over' was judged highly relevant, specifically to depression. Participants believed that depression had a good chance of cure, and remission, but that neither schizophrenia nor bipolar disorder had much chance of an effective cure. Lay people show a curious pattern on insight, ignorance and naivety with regard to the cause and cure of mental disorders. They appear to have a modestly realistic but somewhat naive view of the process and efficacy of psychotherapy. This may influence how they react to their own and others' mental illness. It has clear implications for education in psychiatric literacy.

The many secure knowledge bases of psychotherapy.

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Bergner, Raymond M

2006-01-01

Psychotherapeutic practice, while it has benefited greatly from scientific research, rests on many further secure epistemic foundations. In the present article, this thesis is argued in two stages. First, a brief review of some elementary epistemological findings is presented. In this review, the generally acknowledged degree of certainty attributed to different knowledge sources, and thus the confidence with which we may believe and act upon them, are recounted. Second, an extended analysis of the ways in which each of these knowledge sources enter into the practice of psychotherapy is developed. In the end, what is proffered here is a demonstration that well conducted psychotherapy is an activity whose judgments and decisions rest on many secure foundations.

Constructivism and psychotherapy.

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Mahoney, Michael J; Granvold, Donald K

2005-06-01

Constructivism is a metatheoretical perspective that embraces diverse traditions in medicine, philosophy, psychology, and spiritual wisdom. Constructive psychotherapy emphasizes complex cycles in the natural ordering and reorganizing processes that characterize all development in living systems. Individuals are encouraged to view themselves as active participants in their lives. Within rich contexts of human relationship and symbol systems, people make new meanings as they develop. Techniques from many different traditions can help people find and refine their sense of balance as they develop.

Brief Adlerian psychodynamic psychotherapy: theoretical issues and process indicators.

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Fassino, S; Amianto, F; Ferrero, A

2008-06-01

Brief psychotherapy is gaining interest worldwide, because of its good cost/effectiveness ratio and proved efficacy. The aim of the paper was to describe the brief Adlerian psychodynamic psychotherapy (B-APP): a brief, psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy referring to the individual psychology (IP). The B-APP theory refers to the following paradigms: 1) the individual represents a psychosomatic unity integrated in the social context; 2) the individual needs to build and regulate the image of the self; 3) bond patterns regulate human relationships and represent the symbolic ''fil rouge'' connecting the elements of the life-style. Its objectives are: 1) an at least partial resolution of the focus problem; 2) a decrease or a non-increase of symptoms; 3) a global increase of quality of life. The results depend on intrapsychic and relational changes. Indications are more relative than absolute. The possibility of identifying a meaningful focus is fundamental. The treatment scheme includes 15 sessions subdivided into 5 phases. B-APP offers a technical approach to brief psychotherapy which is suitable in many fields of psychiatry and liaison medicine such as preventive interventions in at-risk subjects, somatopsychic disorders and liaison psychiatry, personality and eating disorders, and treatment of emotionally disturbed children. It was applied as psychotherapeutic approach in some clinical outcome studies about eating disorders and severe personality disorders displaying a good efficacy.

Einsatzmöglichkeiten eines Verriegelungsnagelsystems für die Katze inklusive der Bestimmung der Durchleuchtungszeiten bei der Implantation

OpenAIRE

Fiedler, Angelika Marion

2016-01-01

Im prospektiven Studienteil wurden Anwendbarkeit, Operationszeiten, Durchleuchtungseinsatz, Heilungsverlauf und Komplikationen bei der Versorgung von 25 Humerus-, Femur- und Tibiafrakturen der Katze mit dem MarMed Verriegelungsnagel(VN)-System untersucht. Die Röntgenbeurteilung fand durch 2 Beurteiler unabhängig voneinander statt. Zwischen den Beurteilern und den Wiederholungen der Knochenmessungen bestand eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung. Für Achsenabweichungen, Implantatsitz und Heilungsphase...

[Need of specific criteria for psychotherapy referral in the public health system: A proposal].

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García-Haro, J; Fernández-Briz, N

2015-01-01

This study discusses the need of specific criteria for psychotherapy referral in the public services. the use of psychotherapy as a supplement to traditional medication, and its comparison with informal methods of support, has been questioned. This study proposes the establishment of basic criteria for the integration of psychotherapy, based on an analysis of the conditions that allow it to function. It thus aims to contribute to improving the reputation and the practice conditions of psychotherapy in the public health system. Copyright © 2013 Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance

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Koole, Sander L.; Tschacher, Wolfgang

2016-01-01

During psychotherapy, patient and therapist tend to spontaneously synchronize their vocal pitch, bodily movements, and even their physiological processes. In the present article, we consider how this pervasive phenomenon may shed new light on the therapeutic relationship– or alliance– and its role within psychotherapy. We first review clinical research on the alliance and the multidisciplinary area of interpersonal synchrony. We then integrate both literatures in the Interpersonal Synchrony (In-Sync) model of psychotherapy. According to the model, the alliance is grounded in the coupling of patient and therapist’s brains. Because brains do not interact directly, movement synchrony may help to establish inter-brain coupling. Inter-brain coupling may provide patient and therapist with access to another’s internal states, which facilitates common understanding and emotional sharing. Over time, these interpersonal exchanges may improve patients’ emotion-regulatory capacities and related therapeutic outcomes. We discuss the empirical assessment of interpersonal synchrony and review preliminary research on synchrony in psychotherapy. Finally, we summarize our main conclusions and consider the broader implications of viewing psychotherapy as the product of two interacting brains. PMID:27378968

Synchrony in Psychotherapy: A Review and an Integrative Framework for the Therapeutic Alliance.

Science.gov (United States)

Koole, Sander L; Tschacher, Wolfgang

2016-01-01

During psychotherapy, patient and therapist tend to spontaneously synchronize their vocal pitch, bodily movements, and even their physiological processes. In the present article, we consider how this pervasive phenomenon may shed new light on the therapeutic relationship- or alliance- and its role within psychotherapy. We first review clinical research on the alliance and the multidisciplinary area of interpersonal synchrony. We then integrate both literatures in the Interpersonal Synchrony (In-Sync) model of psychotherapy. According to the model, the alliance is grounded in the coupling of patient and therapist's brains. Because brains do not interact directly, movement synchrony may help to establish inter-brain coupling. Inter-brain coupling may provide patient and therapist with access to another's internal states, which facilitates common understanding and emotional sharing. Over time, these interpersonal exchanges may improve patients' emotion-regulatory capacities and related therapeutic outcomes. We discuss the empirical assessment of interpersonal synchrony and review preliminary research on synchrony in psychotherapy. Finally, we summarize our main conclusions and consider the broader implications of viewing psychotherapy as the product of two interacting brains.

RELATIONAL GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY: THE HEALING OF STRESS, NEGLECT AND TRAUMA

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Richard G. Erskine

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This article is the Keynote Address given at the 4th International Integrative Psychotherapy Association Conference, April 17, 2009. In speaking to the conference theme of “Acute Trauma, Cumulative Neglect, and Chronic Stress” the article describes some of the principles of Relational Group Psychotherapy. The theory of methods is based on the concept that the healing of trauma, neglect and stress occurs through a contactful therapeutic relationship. Relational group psychotherapy draws from several developments in group therapy, particularly the cybernetic feedback and other-centered models. It emphasizes the healing power of relationships between group members and the importance of phenomenological inquiry, affective attunement, identification, and relational-needs. The leader’s tasks are to stimulate the flow of contactful dialogue and to teach about human needs and healthy relationships.

Playing off the beat: Applying the jazz paradigm to psychotherapy.

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Johnson, David Read

2018-02-01

A jazz paradigm is applied to traditional psychotherapy practice, illuminating the links between psychotherapy and the Romantic aesthetic tradition, primarily in the centrality of concepts such as attunement. Modernist disruptions of realism during the early 20 th century, such as jazz, elaborated dissonant and improvisational artistic impulses that brought new vitality to their art forms. The psychotherapeutic relationship also has potential avenues for multilevel and discrepant communication that open possibilities of freedom. However, the limitations imposed by the single channel nature of comprehended language, compared with the capacity of artistic media to express multiple sensory information simultaneously, remain the most significant obstacle to dimensionalizing the psychotherapeutic dialogue. Psychotherapy may have much to gain from embracing some of the concepts underlying the jazz aesthetic. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Gestalt Therapy: Student Perceptions of Fritz Perls in "Three Approaches to Psychotherapy"

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Reilly, Joe; Jacobus, Veronica

2009-01-01

The "Three Approaches to Psychotherapy" ("TAP") videotape series introduces students to three major schools of psychotherapy: client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy, and rational-emotive therapy. A sample of undergraduate students viewed the "TAP" series. The students were surveyed about their observations of…

Medienpädagogische Kompetenz: Anforderungen an Lehrende in der Erwachsenenbildung. Perspektiven der Praxis

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Ricarda Bolten

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Die Digitalisierung durchdringt die Lehr-/Lernprozesse in der Erwachsenenbildung immer stärker. Dadurch verändern sich die Anforderungen, denen Lehrende in der Erwachsenenbildung gegenüberstehen. Neben Änderungen der didaktischen Umsetzung des Lehr-/Lerninhalts denen die Lehrenden gegenüberstehen, müssen sie auf verschiedenen Ebenen medienbezogene Kompetenzen aufweisen, um medienpädagogisch kompetent zu handeln und damit den Anforderungen der Digitalisierung gerecht zu werden. Ohne breite medienpädagogische Kompetenzen können die Lehrenden ihren Aufgaben heutzutage nur schwer gerecht werden. In diesem Beitrag werden die, durch eine empirische Anforderungsanalyse identifizierten, Orientierungspunkte für die Gestaltung der medienpädagogischen Professionalisierung von Lehrenden beleuchtet. Hierzu werden die Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Interview- und Fokusgruppenuntersuchung mit Planenden/Einstellenden und Lehrenden in der Erwachsenenbildung vorgestellt. Diese Perspektivenverschränkung verschiedener Akteure der Erwachsenenbildung lässt erkennen, dass neben medienpädagogischen Kompetenzen auf Seiten der Lehrenden auch die organisationalen, äusseren Umstände in der Erwachsenenbildung den Medieneinsatz beeinflussen. Für ein zeitgemässes Weiterbildungssystem, in dem Lehrende digitale Medien kompetent und sinnstiftend einsetzen, müssen neben medienpädagogischen Kompetenzbeschreibungen auch die Anforderungen von (Weiterbildungs-Organisations- und Institutionsebenen transparenter erkennbar sein, um Lehrenden bei einer individuellen Professionalisierung Orientierungspunkte zu geben.

Psychotherapy

Science.gov (United States)

Sansone, Lori A.

2009-01-01

Clinicians have a number of treatment options for dealing with the emotional ills of patients, including psychoeducation, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. However, after years of experience in the clinical field, we have recognized that these treatment options may not be sufficient to adequately address the problems of some patients. We have found that adding a metaphysical/spiritual component may be helpful, particularly for those patients with histories of childhood trauma. In this edition of The Interface, we discuss four metaphysical techniques for facilitating patient healing—1) refocusing on the present, 2) reframing adversity, 3) practicing surrender, and 4) meditation. These approaches can be mutually integrated and compliment a psychological treatment in either the psychiatric or primary care setting, regardless of whether or not the patient has formal religious beliefs. PMID:20104289

Palmistry, tarot cards, and psychotherapy.

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Pejic, Nicholas G

2008-01-01

The author summarizes his experience with palm and Tarot card readers in New Orleans. The history, practice, and psychodynamics of palmistry and Tarot are explored. It's postulated that these practices are forms of archaic psychotherapy, which employ supportive treatment and placebo. These tactics are used to elicit hope for its clients.

The relationship between clients' depression etiological beliefs and psychotherapy orientation preferences, expectations, and credibility beliefs.

Science.gov (United States)

Tompkins, Kelley A; Swift, Joshua K; Rousmaniere, Tony G; Whipple, Jason L

2017-06-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between clients' etiological beliefs for depression and treatment preferences, credibility beliefs, and outcome expectations for five different depression treatments-behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and psychodynamic psychotherapy. Adult psychotherapy clients (N = 98) were asked to complete an online survey that included the Reasons for Depression Questionnaire, a brief description of each of the five treatment options, and credibility, expectancy, and preference questions for each option. On average, the participating clients rated pharmacotherapy as significantly less credible, having a lower likelihood of success, and being less preferred than the four types of psychotherapy. In general, interpersonal psychotherapy was also rated more negatively than the other types of psychotherapy. However, these findings depended somewhat on whether the participating client was personally experiencing depression. Credibility beliefs, outcome expectations, and preferences for pharmacotherapy were positively associated with biological beliefs for depression; however, the other hypothesized relationships between etiological beliefs and treatment attitudes were not supported. Although the study is limited based on the specific sample and treatment descriptions that were used, the results may still have implications for psychotherapy research, training, and practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychotherapy: Adaptation or Walking Together? (A Roadside Conversation

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Nina Bychkova

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The article concerns psychotherapeutic work in the perspective of existential approach. Two trends are discerned in modern psychotherapy regardless of the known division into different schools – the adaptation therapy, and the one viewing a person in the context of his Personal being in the world. Therapy here is understood as the Way of mutual personal growth of both the therapist and the client. Distinction is singled out as one of the central points in forming the meanings, essential for both the normal development of a child and in psychotherapy, and remaining significant for spiritual growth in adults. 

Psychotherapy role expectations and experiences - discrepancy and therapeutic alliance among patients with substance use disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Frankl, My; Philips, Björn; Wennberg, Peter

2014-12-01

The main aim of the study was to examine how the discrepancy between role expectations prior to psychotherapy and experiences of ongoing psychotherapy related to therapeutic alliance. We hypothesized that a similarity between patient role expectations and experiences would be associated with a stronger alliance. The study also examined whether different dimensions of psychotherapy role expectations predicted retention in psychotherapy. A naturalistic study design was used with data collected prior to therapy and during the first 6 months of therapy. Patients with substance use disorders completed the Psychotherapy Expectation Questionnaire-short version (PEX-S) at the time of therapy assessment. A subsample of these patients (n = 41; n = 24 in individual therapy and n = 17 in group therapy) provided data from therapy including psychotherapy experiences (also measured with PEX-S) and therapeutic alliance, measured with Working Alliance Questionnaire-short version. For patients in group therapy, discrepancy between role expectations and experiences correlated negatively with alliance. Expectations prior to psychotherapy characterized by defensiveness correlated negatively with therapy retention. The finding that disconfirmation of patients' role expectations in group therapy were associated with weaker therapeutic alliance highlights the importance of discussing psychotherapy expectations at an early stage in treatment. Expectations characterized by defensiveness predicted worse retention in psychotherapy, which indicates that the PEX-S can be helpful in detecting patients at risk for dropout. In targeting a patient's role expectancies prior to treatment, possible discrepancies between patient and therapist are made visible and possible to examine. Clarifying the patient's role expectations and the therapist's rationale might be a first step towards establishing a strong working alliance. Surveying the patient's defensiveness tendencies at the beginning of therapy

Wertigkeit der Schnittbilddiagnostik in der Evaluation des pädiatrischen Schädel-Hirn-Traumas

OpenAIRE

Schäffeler, Christoph

2010-01-01

Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die diagnostische Wertigkeit von Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) in der Diagnostik des pädiatrischen Schädel-Hirn-Traumas. In einer retrospektiven Auswertung der Bildgebung von 64 Patienten im Alter von 0-15 Jahren wurden die Vor- und Nachteile der CT und MRT - Diagnostik bei der Darstellung intrakranieller Traumfolgen herausgearbeitet. Die Ergebnisse räumen der CT weiterhin einen hohen Stellenwert in der Akutdiagnostik ein, zeige...

Resistances in the first session of psychodrama psychotherapy group with adults.

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Drakulić, Aleksandra Mindoljević

2010-06-01

Resistance refers to all types of behaviour that oppose the exploration processes in the therapeutic process and inhibit work. Very common types of resistances, such as forgetting the time of session, being late, non-payment of sessions and such are found in every type of psychotherapy, including psychodrama psychotherapy. The attempt to break resistance in order to evoke changes could be dangerous as it represents the necessary defence mechanism and it is also a vital element of the person's functioning in therapy. In psychodrama, which is a type of action method of group psychotherapy, resistance can manifest through continuous verbalization of problems, in not wanting to act out the problem, the protagonist's typical non-verbal message or the most obvious manifestation: the absence of the protagonist. This paper will be on the typical resistance which the therapist has noticed during the first session of psychodrama psychotherapy, with a small group of adult clients. As the group was young and with undeveloped cohesiveness, resistance represented a certain balancing power for maintaining mental homeostasis of the group.

Kants Theorie der Sonne: Physikgeschichte

Science.gov (United States)

Jacobi, Manfred

2005-01-01

Im Rahmen seiner Kosmogonie entwickelte der junge Immanuel Kant eine Theorie der Sonne. Sie ist ein einzigartiges Zeugnis seiner intuitiven Vorstellungskraft und beweist auch die Leistungsfähigkeit der damaligen, vorwiegend von Newton geprägten Weltsicht. Entstehung, Aufbau und Dynamik der Sonne werden in Kants Theorie ebenso erklärt wie etwa das Phänomen der Sonnenflecken.

Bienengiftallergie - Untersuchung der Verhaltensweisen bienengiftallergischer Imker und der Effektivität der spezifischen Immuntherapie in einem internationalen Kollektiv

OpenAIRE

Wrobel, Denise

2013-01-01

Einleitung: Die vorliegende Studie hatte das Ziel, die Effektivität der spezifischen Immuntherapie unter den imkernden Bienengiftallergikern und ihren Langzeitschutz zu belegen, wobei Sticherfahrungen der weiterimkernden Betroffenen herangezogen wurden, um die Wirksamkeit der Therapie zu bestätigen, sowie Veränderungen auf Verhalten und Psyche darzustellen. Inwiefern Imker eine "natürliche Immunisierung" durchführen und wie wirksam alternative Behandlungen sind, wurde ebenfalls untersucht. ...

Can Independent Judges Recognize Different Psychotherapies? An Experience with Manual-Guided Therapies.

Science.gov (United States)

Luborsky, Lester; And Others

1982-01-01

Tested whether independent judges could recognize three different manual-guided psychotherapies, drug counseling, supportive-expressive psychotherapy, and cognitive-behavioral using a special rating form containing scales for the characteristic aspects of each type. Results indicated that manual-guided therapies can be reliably recognized.…

Rekonstruktion mit Netz beim komplexen Prolaps der Frau: Was hilft es der Patientin wirklich?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hierl J

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Einleitung: Der komplexe Genitaldeszensus der Frau geht oftmals mit einer deutlichen Einschränkung der Lebensqualität (LQ einher. Dennoch ist der Endpunkt der meisten klinischen Analysen rein anatomischer und funktioneller Natur. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden die Einflüsse der operativen Rekonstruktion mit einem Netz prospektiv auf die LQ evaluiert. Patienten und Methoden: Bei insgesamt 111 Patientinnen mit Deszensus erfolgte zwischen 08/2005 und 12/2007 eine operative Versorgung mittels vaginaler Netzeinlage (anteriorer bzw. kompletter Mesh-Repair. Die LQ wurde prospektiv prä- und postoperativ anhand standardisierter LQ-Fragebögen erfasst. Ergebnisse: Präoperativ zeigte sich bei den Patientinnen eine signifikant reduzierte LQ gegenüber einem Normalkollektiv (p 0,01. Bei 7 % der Patientinnen mit anteriorem, und bei 11 % mit komplettem Mesh-Repair lag postoperativ kein adäquates klinisches Ergebnis vor. In diesem Kollektiv zeigte sich kein signifikanter Unterschied in den LQ-Tests prä- und postoperativ. Bei gutem postoperativem Ergebnis zeigte sich in der Gruppe mit anteriorer Netzeinlage lediglich bei 45 % (p = 0,021, bei kompletter Netzeinlage nur bei 31 % (p = 0,041 eine signifikant verbesserte LQ. Bei kleiner Fallzahl und kurzem Nachbeobachtungszeitraum kann eine gültige Aussage bezüglich der LQ nach Deszensuschirurgie mit Netzeinlage jedoch noch nicht getroffen werden.

[On the present situation in psychotherapy and its implications - A critical analysis of the facts].

Science.gov (United States)

Tschuschke, Volker; Freyberger, Harald J

2015-01-01

The currently dominating research paradigm in evidence-based medicine is expounded and discussed regarding the problems deduced from so-called empirically supported treatments (EST) in psychology and psychotherapy. Prevalent political and economic as well as ideological backgrounds influence the present dominance of the medical model in psychotherapy by implementing the randomized-controlled research design as the standard in the field. It has been demonstrated that randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are inadequate in psychotherapy research, not the least because of the high complexity of the psychotherapy and the relatively weak role of the treatment concept in the change process itself. All major meta-analyses show that the Dodo bird verdict is still alive, thereby demonstrating that the medical model in psychotherapy with its RCT paradigm cannot explain the equivalence paradox. The medical model is inappropriate, so that the contextual model is proposed as an alternative. Extensive process-outcome research is suggested as the only viable and reasonable way to identify highly complex interactions between the many factors regularly involved in change processes in psychotherapy.

Genetische Aspekte der Osteoporose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Obermayer-Pietsch B

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Eine genetische Grundlage der Osteoporose wird neben Umwelteinflüssen seit langem vermutet. Bei Familien- und Zwillingsuntersuchungen wurden erbliche Einflüsse von etwa 46-75 % auf die Knochendichte - abhängig von den Meßorten - festgestellt. Neben einer genetischen Belastung durch eine betroffene Mutter wurde auch ein väterlicher Einfluß auf die Ausprägung der individuellen Knochendichte nachgewiesen. Verschiedenste Kandidatengene wurden bisher untersucht. Bedeutende Beiträge dazu sind in den genetischen Polymorphismen von Östrogen- und anderen Hormonrezeptoren und anderen wichtigen Genorten zu sehen. Eine Durchleuchtung des genetischen Hintergrundes der Osteoporose kann in Zukunft verbesserte Möglichkeiten der Früherkennung und Differenzierung der Diagnostik eröffnen und damit zu neuen Strategien für Prophylaxe und Therapie der Osteoporose führen.

Transgenerationale Wertevermittlung in der Familie

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Demuth, Carolin

2013-01-01

Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwiefern sich in den biografisch-narrativen Konstruktionen junger Erwachsener transgenerationale Aspekte der Identifizierung bzw. Abgrenzung zu den Wertevorstellungen der Ursprungsfamilie finden lassen. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt hierbei auf den Dimen...

Psychotherapy: from exorcism to cognitive theories

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Durval Mazzei Nogueira Filho

Full Text Available The author discusses aspects of psychotherapeutic action. He defends the rationality of the procedure, comments on the splintering of the field of psychotherapy and discusses the usefulness of applying the scientific methodology to this field of knowledge.

Lernen von der Medienkunst: Handlungsstrategien der Netzwerk-Kultur - eine medienkulturgeschichtliche Perspektive

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Shusha Niederberger

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Der Begriff der Medienkunst wird mit fortschreitender Medialisierung der Welt immer problematischer. Die Digitalisierung hat alle künstlerischen Medien (ob technische oder nicht als Medien sichtbar gemacht und deren Verhältnis untereinander grundlegend verändert. Rosalind Krauss bezeichnet dieses neue Verhältnis als "post-medium condition" (Krauss 2000. Wenn wir also von der Medienkunst etwas über Medien lernen wollen, was für eine Medienpädagogik nutzbar ist, müssen wir die Entgrenzung des Medialen berücksichtigen. Diese macht die Abgrenzung von Medienkunst von anderen Künsten sehr schwierig, da eine solche künstlerische Praxis weder an formalen, inhaltlichen oder materiellen Eigenschaften festgemacht werden kann. Ich schlage in diesem Text vor, die Medienkunst in ihren methodischen Strategien zu betrachten. Ihre Referenzen in der Kunstgeschichte sind dabei die Konzeptkunst und die Institutionskritik, als kulturgeschichtlichen Hintergrund komme ich auf die Kybernetik zurück. Im vorliegenden Essay möchte ich versuchen, Anschlussmöglichkeiten einer kritischen Medienpädagogik an die aus der Kybernetik entstandene gegenwärtige Netzwerkkultur zu formulieren. Netzwerkkultur bezeichnet dabei nicht die spezifischen Technologien des Internets wie das Social Web, sondern die aus dem Geiste der Kybernetik entstandenen Formen vernetzter Handlungsmöglichkeiten, zu denen unter anderen auch das Social Web gehören.

Droht den "kleinen Sprachen" das Aussterben?

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Anita Lemić

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Die Prozesse der Globalisierung sind die Ursache für viele Änderungen in der Weltgemeinschaft, vor allem die Entfernung von Unterscheidungsmerkmalen (in Bezug darauf, dass „zwischen vielen ethnischen Zeichen, das was dauernd ist, ist die Dichotomisierung/Differenzierung eines „Wir-und-die-Anderen“ (Grbić, 2003, 93-64. Diese Zeichen wirken als Zeichen der Resozialisierung, die die bestehenden Identitäten löschen und sich an der Schaffung neuer Strukturen beteiligen. Die Zeit der Romantik in Europa ermöglichte die Schaffung von Nationalstaaten und ihr Hauptmerkmal war die Nationalsprache. Diese Art der sozialen Differenzierung hatte das Ziel, die Illusion einer vollständig homogenisierten Gesellschaft zu schaffen und damit den Prozess der Zerstörung der „kleinen“ Sprachen zu beginnen. Sprache und Kultur erwiesen sich als Grundlage der Gemeinschaftserhaltung. Die Homogenisierung ermöglicht Aktivitäten mit dem Ziel, einem Individuum zu helfen, sich als Individuum und als Mitglied der Gemeinschaft zu behaupten. Keine dieser beiden Identitäten kann ohne die Wechselwirkung mit der Umgebung erreicht werden. Die sprachliche Interaktion mit anderen Mitgliedern ist das Schlüsselsegment, das Menschen von anderen Lebensformen unterscheidet. Durch den Austausch von Erfahrungen mit anderen kommt der Mensch auf allen Ebenen voran und mit der Erfindung der Schrift öffnete er die Tür zur Entwicklung der Zivilisation. In dieser Arbeit beschäftigen wir uns mit der Frage der „Prestige“-Sprachen, die auf der Grundlage der Macht der Gemeinschaft der Muttersprachler ihren Bereich weit über die Grenzen des eigenen Landes hinaus erweitern und so eine politische und wirtschaftliche Vormachtstellung schaffen, aber auch mit den Auswirkungen jener Sprachen auf die Dekonstruktion oder möglicherweise vollständige Ausrottung der Sprachen, die auf diese Weise an Einfluss verlieren, unmodern werden und sich die Frage der Notwendigkeit ihrer

Does gratitude writing improve the mental health of psychotherapy clients? Evidence from a randomized controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Y Joel; Owen, Jesse; Gabana, Nicole T; Brown, Joshua W; McInnis, Sydney; Toth, Paul; Gilman, Lynn

2018-03-01

Although the past decade has witnessed growing research interest in positive psychological interventions (PPIs), their potential as adjunctive interventions for psychotherapy remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, this article expands the frontiers of PPI research by reporting the first randomized controlled trial to test a gratitude writing adjunctive intervention for psychotherapy clients. Participants were 293 adults seeking university-based psychotherapy services. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (a) control (psychotherapy only), (b) a psychotherapy plus expressive writing, and (c) a psychotherapy plus gratitude writing. Participants in the gratitude condition wrote letters expressing gratitude to others, whereas those in the expressive writing condition wrote about their deepest thoughts and feelings about stressful experiences. About 4 weeks as well as 12 weeks after the conclusion of the writing intervention, participants in the gratitude condition reported significantly better mental health than those in the expressive and control conditions, whereas those in the expressive and control conditions did not differ significantly. Moreover, lower proportions of negative emotion words in participants' writing mediated the positive effect of condition (gratitude versus expressive writing) on mental health. These findings are discussed in light of the use of gratitude interventions as adjunctive interventions for psychotherapy clients.

Theoretische Konzepte der Physik

Science.gov (United States)

Longair, Malcolm S.; Simon, B.; Simon, H.

"Dies ist kein Lehrbuch der theoretischen Physik, auch kein Kompendium der Physikgeschichte ... , vielmehr eine recht anspruchsvolle Sammlung historischer Miniaturen zur Vergangenheit der theoretischen Physik - ihrer "Sternstunden", wenn man so will. Frei vom Zwang, etwas Erschöpfendes vorlegen zu müssen, gelingt dem Autor etwas Seltenes: einen "lebendigen" Zugang zum Ideengebäude der modernen Physik freizulegen, ... zu zeigen, wie Physik in praxi entsteht... Als Vehikel seiner Absichten dienen dem Autor geschichtliche Fallstudien, insgesamt sieben an der Zahl. Aus ihnen extrahiert er das seiner Meinung nach Lehrhafte, dabei bestrebt, mathematische Anachronismen womöglich zu vermeiden... Als Student hätte ich mir diese gescheiten Essays zum Werden unserer heutigen physikalischen Weltsicht gewünscht. Sie sind originell, didaktisch klug und genieren sich auch nicht, von der Faszination zu sprechen, die ... von der Physik ausgeht. Unnötig darauf hinzuweisen, das sie ein gründliches "konventionelles" Studium weder ersetzen wollen noch können, sie vermögen aber, dazu zu ermuntern." #Astronomische Nachrichten (zur englischen Ausgabe)#1

[Psychotherapies for the Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain].

Science.gov (United States)

Cárdenas, Katherine; Aranda, Mariana

The phantom limb pain has been described as a condition in which patients experience a feeling of itching, spasm or pain in a limb or body part that has been previously amputated. Such pain can be induced by a conflict between the representation of the visual and proprioceptive feedback of the previously healthy limb. The phantom limb pain occurs in at least 42 to 90% of amputees. Regular drug treatment of phantom limb pain is almost never effective. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in Medline and Cochrane using the MESH terms "phantom limb pain" and "psychotherapy", published in the last 10 years, in English and Spanish, finding 49 items. After reviewing the abstracts, 25 articles were excluded for not being related to the objective of the research. Additionally cross references of included articles and literature were reviewed. To describe the psychotherapies used in the management of phantom limb pain, their effectiveness and clinical application reported in the literature. The mechanisms underlying phantom limb pain were initially explained, as were the published studies on the usefulness of some psychotherapies such as mirror visual feedback and immersive virtual reality, visual imagery, desensitization and reprocessing eye movements and hypnosis. The phantom limb pain is a complex syndrome that requires pharmacological and psychotherapeutic intervention. The psychotherapies that have been used the most as adjuvants in the treatment of phantom limb pain are mirror visual feedback, desensitization and reprocessing eye movements, imagery and hypnosis. Studies with more representative samples, specifically randomized trials are required. Copyright © 2016 Asociación Colombiana de Psiquiatría. Publicado por Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Strahlungsfeldbedingungen bei der Ionisationsdosimetrie

Science.gov (United States)

Krieger, Hanno

Bei der Dosimetrie von Photonenstrahlungen mit luftgefüllten Ionisationskammern werden in diesem Kapitel zwei Grenzfälle unterschieden. Der eine Fall ist die Bedingung des so genannten Sekundärelektronengleichwichts im Kammervolumen. In diesem Fall bestimmen ausschließlich die Photonen im Messvolumen die dosimetrische Anzeige. Der zweite Grenzfall ist gegeben, wenn das Luftvolumen und die Kammer das Strahlungsfeld im Phantom so wenig stören, dass der Sekundärelektronenfluss unverändert bleibt. Diese Bedingungen nennt man BRAGG-GRAY-Bedingungen. Beide Grenzfälle sind in der Praxis nur näherungsweise zu verwirklichen. Abweichungen müssen durch entsprechende Korrekturen oder Kalibrierungen berücksichtigt werden.

Organisationsaspekte in der Umsetzung

Science.gov (United States)

Balck, Henning; Bungard, Walter; Hofmann, Karsten; Ganz, Walter; Schwenker, Burkhard; Hanßen, Dirk; Meindl, Rudolf; Schloske, Alexander; Thieme, Paul; Teufel, Peter

Strukturbrüche sind eine der Hauptursachen für die Schwierigkeiten vieler Unternehmen, ihre Organisationsform zu modernisieren und vor allem turbulenten Marktbedingungen anzupassen. Klassische Beispiele für Strukturbrüche finden sich in der Spaltung von Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation, der Spaltung von Produktion und Dienstleistung oder der Spaltung von Planung und Ausführung. Ein wirkungsvoller Ansatz zur Überwindung solcher Spaltungen ist eine Art Versöhnungsmuster: die Polare Organisation. Wesentliche Elemente dieser Organisationsform sind ihr Netzwerkcharakter, kooperatives Zusammenwirken, eine hohe Kommunikationsintensität und eine polare Koppelung der kommunizierenden Partner oder - in abstrahierter Form - die organisierte Balance erfolgskritischer Gegensätze, wie Kosten und Qualität.

Current Perspective on MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

OpenAIRE

Thal, Sascha B.; Lommen, Miriam J.J.

2018-01-01

The present paper discusses the current literature with regard to substance-assisted psychotherapy with Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aim of the paper is to give a comprehensive overview of the development from MDMA’s early application in psychotherapy to its present and future role in the treatment of PTSD. It is further attempted to increase the attention for MDMA’s therapeutic potential by providing a thorough depiction of the scientific...

Nonverbal Synchrony in Psychotherapy: Coordinated Body Movement Reflects Relationship Quality and Outcome

Science.gov (United States)

Ramseyer, Fabian; Tschacher, Wolfgang

2011-01-01

Objective: The authors quantified nonverbal synchrony--the coordination of patient's and therapist's movement--in a random sample of same-sex psychotherapy dyads. The authors contrasted nonverbal synchrony in these dyads with a control condition and assessed its association with session-level and overall psychotherapy outcome. Method: Using an…

[Multiprofessional inpatient psychotherapy of depression in old age].

Science.gov (United States)

Cabanel, N; Kundermann, B; Franz, M; Müller, M J

2017-11-01

Depression is common in old age but is often underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. Although psychotherapy is considered effective for treating elderly patients with depression, it is rarely applied in inpatient settings. Furthermore, treatment on inpatient units specialized for elderly patients and implementation of a psychotherapeutic treatment approach are currently more the exception. From this background, a multiprofessional inpatient behavioral treatment program (MVT) for elderly depressed patients was developed at a specialized unit of a university-affiliated regional psychiatric hospital. The MVT is based on specific and modularized group therapies accompanied by individual therapeutic interventions. While the provision of group therapies (such as psychotherapy, social skills training, relaxation training, euthymic and mindfulness-based methods, exercise and occupational therapy as well as psychoeducational sessions for relatives) is assigned to specific professional groups, a joint multiprofessional treatment planning is of central relevance. First evaluations of different treatment components support the high acceptability of the MVT and highlight that psychotherapeutic inpatient treatment programs for the elderly are feasible. Further research is required to investigate the clinical efficacy of psychotherapy in elderly depressive inpatients.

[Reality of treatment in psychotherapy: Results of a survey of German psychiatric hospitals].

Science.gov (United States)

Laux, G; Sander, K; Artmann, S; Dreher, J; Lenz, J; Hauth, I

2015-05-01

Since the introduction of the qualification as specialist for psychiatry and psychotherapy, in addition to psychopharmacotherapy psychotherapy is an integral component of the treatment of mentally ill people. A survey was carried out to evaluate the reality of clinical routine use of psychotherapy in German psychiatric hospitals. Between October 2011 and March 2012 German hospitals of psychiatry and psychotherapy were contacted by the head organization, the conference of national directors (Bundesdirektorenkonferenz), to participate in a survey regarding the application of psychotherapy in the real clinical world of daily treatment. With an anonymous questionnaire, data were requested as either a printed form or online version. Data from 25 psychiatric hospitals in the year 2010 could be analysed (average number of beds 300 of which 53 were for psychosomatic/psychotherapeutic patients) and a total of 87,000 inpatients were treated whereby 34 % were diagnosed as F1 addictive disorders and 24 % as F3 affective disorders. More than 80 % of the hospitals applied group therapies of relaxation, cognitive behavior therapy, social competence training and specific techniques, such as dialectic-behavior therapy. As individual treatment methods, patients with depressive disorders were treated with cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy or psychodynamic therapy in more than 50 % of the cases. Relaxation techniques were offered in most cases by the nursing staff, behavior therapy by psychologists and physicians and psychodynamic therapy mainly by psychiatrists.

Die Mythen von der Globalisierung

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nell, Phillip; Schmitt, Jan; Decreton, Benoit

2017-01-01

Der Wissensstand über den Grad und die Art der Globalisierung ist viel niedriger als angenommen. Daraus entstehen Fehleinschätzungen.......Der Wissensstand über den Grad und die Art der Globalisierung ist viel niedriger als angenommen. Daraus entstehen Fehleinschätzungen....

Psychotherapy with people with developmental disabilities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbara Zafošnik

2011-08-01

Full Text Available People with developmental disabilities can experience any psychological abnormalitiy and psychiatric illness as do people without developmental disabilities. Due to different diagnostic criteria, assessment procedures and instruments, we lack definite prevalence rates for people with developmental disabilities, also suffering from mental health problems, eventhough most studies place the rate at 20 to 40%. One of the possible treatment alternatives for augmenting psychological well-being is psychotherapy, but is extremely rarely used for people with severe and profound disabilities, where speech cannot be the main therapeutic medium. So, those that are included in the psychotherapuetic process are predominantly clients with mild developmental disabilities, and they are mostly in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Recently, two models of (psychotherapy for persons with severe and profound developmental disabilities were developed: developmental-dynamic relationship therapy and attachment-based behaviour therapy for children. Conceptually, they both originate form developmental psychoanalytic theories.

Looking back, looking forward: A historical reflection on psychotherapy process research.

Science.gov (United States)

Knobloch-Fedders, Lynne M; Elkin, Irene; Kiesler, Donald J

2015-01-01

In 1983, a group of 14 prominent psychotherapy process researchers attended a workshop sponsored by the US National Institute of Mental Health. Although the previous decade had seen a marked emphasis on psychotherapy outcome research, there had also been several major advances in the field of process research. The goals of the workshop were to review the current state of the field, address methodological and conceptual issues, and provide recommendations to advance scholarship in this area. In this paper, we summarize the major themes of the workshop and consider the degree to which its recommendations have come to fruition via subsequent developments in the field. Although 30 years have passed since the workshop was held, its insights remain highly relevant to psychotherapy process research today.

Fundamental dilemmas in contemporary psychotherapy: a transtheoretical concept.

Science.gov (United States)

Scaturo, Douglas J

2002-01-01

The transtheoretical nature of fundamental dilemmas in contemporary psychotherapy is explored. The basic distinction between technical and ethical dilemmas in clinical practice is discussed, as well as the ramifications for the psychotherapist. Clinical dilemmas identified by survey research studies and interviews with master psychotherapists are reviewed. In addition to dilemmas relevant to circumscribed areas of psychotherapy, such as brief therapy, managed mental health care, sexual questions, feminist therapy, dilemmas fundamental to the psychotherapeutic process as a whole are examined. Finally, clinical examples are provided that include such issues as hospitalization of the suicidal patient, dealing with known contraindications, treating the intractable patient, and self-care of the psychotherapist.

Der Wandel in der Benutzung des World Wide Webs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Weinreich, H.; Heinecke, A.; Obendorf, H.; Paul, H.; Mayer, M.; Herder, E.

2006-01-01

Dieser Beitrag präsentiert ausgewählte Ergebnisse einer Langzeitstudie mit 25 Teilnehmern zur Benutzung des Webs. Eine Gegenüberstellung mit den Ergebnissen der letzten vergleichbaren Studien offenbart eine deutliche Veränderung im Navigationsverhalten der Nutzer. Neue Angebote und Dienste des Webs

Pädagogik der sexuellen Differenz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heike Kahlert

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Der von der Freiburger Philosophin und Theologin Andrea Günter herausgegebene Sammelband ist aus einer deutsch-italienischen Tagung zu Kernfragen der Pädagogik hervorgegangen, die im Sommer 2003 an der Evangelischen Akademie Arnoldshain durchgeführt wurde und deren gemeinsames Orientierungsfeld die Einflüsse der politischen Bildungsarbeit der Veroneser Philosophinnengemeinschaft Diotima bilden. Die insgesamt elf Aufsätze von Pädagoginnen, Theologinnen und Politikwissenschaftlerinnen, darunter ein aus dem Italienischen übersetzter Grundlagentext von Anna Maria Piussi, leisten einen wichtigen Beitrag zur „kulturellen Übersetzung“ des italienischen Differenzansatzes in die deutschsprachige politische und vor allem pädagogische Praxis.

Arbeitszeitflexibilisierung in der westdeutschen Metall- und Elektroindustrie und die Verbandsstrategien - Eine vergleichende Analyse der arbeitszeitpolitischen Strategien des Arbeitgeberverbandes Gesamtmetall und der Industriegewerkschaft Metall

OpenAIRE

Altun, Ufuk

2005-01-01

Arbeitszeitpolitik und Arbeitszeitgestaltung haben seit dem Tarifkompromiss im Jahre 1984 in der Metall-, und Elektroindustrie in der politischen und wissenschaftlichen Diskussion einen immensen Bedeutungszuwachs erfahren. Die Forderungen nach einer flexibleren Arbeitszeitgestaltung haben zeitgleich sowohl aus der Globalisierungsdiskussion und der Debatte um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des "Wirtschaftsstandorts Deutschland" heraus wie auch aus beschäftigungspolitischen Gründen neuen Auftrieb bek...

Typologische Aufgaben der historischen Textlinguistik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ingo Warnke

1995-12-01

Full Text Available Die gegenwärtige germanistische Historiolinguistik ist geprägt durch eine pragmatische Ausweitung ihres traditionell sprachstrukturellen Erkenntnisinteresses. Ausdruck dieser Entwicklung ist z.B. die gänzliche Neubearbeitung der Sprachgeschichte von P. von Polenz (1991 und 1994, die an Stelle der wiederholt neu aufgelegten und auf H. Sperber (1926 gründenden Geschichte der deutschen Sprache (von Polenz 1978 erschienen ist und insbesondere eine "sozial- und mediengeschichtliche Fundierung" (ebd., 3 anstrebt, wobei neben anderen Aspekten als Schwerpunkt der Darstellung explizi1t die Sprachpragmatik genannt wird (ebd.. Sind die konzeptionellen Ecksteine einer solchen pragmatischen Sprachgeschichtsschreibung auch schon Anfang der 1980er Jahre insbesondere mit H. Sitta (1980 und D. Cherubim (1984 gesetzt, so verstärkt sich das sprachhandlungsbezogene Interesse an der Geschichte des Deutschen erst in jüngster Zeit. Die Entwicklung läuft dabei parallel zur Konstituierung eines pragmatischen Paradigmas, das als Gemeinschaftswerk geisteswissenschaftlicher Forschung ebenfalls in den 1980er Jahren an Bedeutung gewann und als dessen notwendige Folge H. Stachowiak ([Hg.] 1986, XVII einen '"Paradigmawechsel' großen Stils" prophezeit hat.1 Bei den Pragmatisierungstendenzen sprachgeschichtlicher Fragestellungen kommt der historischen Dimensionierung textlinguistischer Erkenntnisfelder besondere Bedeutung zu. Es ist bekannt, daß die in den späten 1960er und 70er Jahren begründete Textlinguistik zunächst ebenso ahistorisch gewesen ist, wie die Historiolinguistik apragmatisch. Doch mit der fortschreitenden Rezeption sprachhandlungsorientierter Ansätze in der Sprachgeschichte gewann der Text i.S. einer komplexen sprachlichen Handlung (vgl. u.a. Sandig 1978, 69f., 99ff., 157f. als Analyseobjekt für die pragmatische Orientierung der Sprachgeschichte zunehmend an Bedeutung. In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Forderung nach textlinguistischer bzw

Entwicklung von Antikörper-Mikroarray : von Biophysik der Mikrospot-Reaktion bis zur Hochdurchsatzanalyse der Proteine

OpenAIRE

Kusnezow, Wlad

2007-01-01

Obwohl Protein-Mikroarrays ursprünglich aus dem gut entwickelten und fest etablierten DNA-Pendant entstanden sind, repräsentierte jedoch die Umstellung der Mikroarray-Technik von der DNA- auf die Proteinanalyse aufgrund der enormen physikalisch-chemischen Variabilität der Proteine, deren relativ niedrigen Stabilität und der komplexen Mikrospot-Kinetik eine große technologische Herausforderung. Deshalb setzt das Vorhaben, die Technik der Antikörper–Mikroarrays von ihrem konzeptuellen Zustand a...

Efficacy and enlightenment: LSD psychotherapy and the Drug Amendments of 1962.

Science.gov (United States)

Oram, Matthew

2014-04-01

The decline in therapeutic research with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in the United States over the course of the 1960s has commonly been attributed to the growing controversy surrounding its recreational use. However, research difficulties played an equal role in LSD psychotherapy's demise, as they frustrated researchers' efforts to clearly establish the efficacy of treatment. Once the Kefauver Harris Drug Amendments of 1962 introduced the requirement that proof of efficacy be established through controlled clinical trials before a drug could be approved to market, the value of clinical research became increasingly dependent on the scientific rigor of the trial's design. LSD psychotherapy's complex method of utilizing drug effects to catalyze a psychological treatment clashed with the controlled trial methodology on both theoretical and practical levels, making proof of efficacy difficult to obtain. Through a close examination of clinical trials performed after 1962, this article explores how the new emphasis on controlled clinical trials frustrated the progress of LSD psychotherapy research by focusing researchers' attention on trial design to the detriment of their therapeutic method. This analysis provides a new perspective on the death of LSD psychotherapy and explores the implications of the Drug Amendments of 1962.

Implications of RDoC for the research and practice of psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Hershenberg, Rachel; Goldfried, Marvin R

2015-03-01

The field of psychotherapy is at an important juncture. Recent changes in the field include (a) the skeptical reception of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and (b) NIMH's prioritization of an alternative classification system to guide translational and intervention research. Moreover, (c) the field continues to be held accountable to governmental agencies and third-party payers to demonstrate its empirical basis. Thus, psychological research as it relates to the practice of psychotherapy is at a crossroads. In this article, we provide a brief overview of several generations of psychotherapy outcome research, including the consequences that followed in the 1980s as psychotherapy research moved toward randomized controlled trials for clinical disorders. We delineate the inherent strengths and limitations of this movement and address how the NIMH has recently responded with the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). We then address philosophical and practical implications of the emphasis on a neuroscientific conceptualization of psychological problems. Finally, we discuss opportunities for a next generation of convergent science that incorporates, rather than replaces, psychosocial variables across stages of translational research and treatment development. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Emotion episodes during psychotherapy sessions among women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancers.

Science.gov (United States)

Myers Virtue, Shannon; Manne, Sharon L; Darabos, Kathleen; Heckman, Carolyn J; Ozga, Melissa; Kissane, David; Rubin, Stephen; Rosenblum, Norman

2015-09-01

The aim of this study was to describe emotion episodes during early and late psychotherapy sessions among women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancer and to examine whether the total number of emotion episodes during early and later sessions was associated with baseline psychological distress, dispositional emotion expressivity, and patient-rated therapeutic progress. The study utilized data from an ongoing study examining the efficacy of two psychotherapy interventions, a coping and communication intervention and a supportive counseling intervention, for women diagnosed with gynecological cancer. Emotion episode coding was completed for the first and sixth psychotherapy sessions for each patient randomized to receive psychotherapy (N = 173). Patients completed baseline survey measures of psychological distress and dispositional emotional expressivity and post-session ratings of therapeutic progress. The average number of emotion episodes was 7.4 in the first session and 5.2 episodes in the sixth session. In both sessions, the majority of emotion episodes contained only negative emotions and focused on a cancer-related topic. A higher number of emotion episodes in the first session was associated with higher psychological distress reported in the baseline survey (p = 0.02). A higher number of emotion episodes in the sixth session was associated with a higher number of emotion episodes in the first session (p psychotherapy among women diagnosed with gynecological cancer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik. Eine logisch mathematische Untersuchung über den Begriff der Zahl

OpenAIRE

Frege, Gottlob

1996-01-01

Auf die Frage, was die Zahl Eins sei, oder was das Zeichen 1 bedeute, wird man meistens die Antwort erhalten: nun, ein Ding. Und wenn man dann darauf aufmerksam macht, dass der Satz "die Zahl Eins ist ein Ding" keine Definition ist, weil auf der einen Seite der bestimmte Artikel, auf der andern der unbestimmte steht, dass er nur besagt, die Zahl Eins gehöre zu den Dingen, aber nicht, welches Ding sie sei, so wird man vielleicht aufgefordert, sich irgendein Ding zu wählen, das man Eins nenn...

Use of psychotherapy in a representative adult community sample in São Paulo, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Blay, Sergio L.; Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; da Silva, Paula Freitas R.; Peluso, Erica T.

2014-01-01

Little is known about the use of psychotherapy to treat common mental disorders in a major city in a middle income country. Data come from in-home interviews with a stratified random sample of 2,000 community residents age 18–65 in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The information obtained included sociodemographic characteristics; psychotropic drugs; mental status; and lifetime, previous 12 months, and current use of psychotherapy. Logistic regression was used to examine determinants of use of psychotherapy. Of the sample, 22.7% met General Health Questionnaire-12 criteria for common mental disorders. Lifetime, previous 12 months, and current use of psychotherapy were reported by 14.6%, 4.6%, and 2.3% of the sample respectively. Users were typically women, more educated, higher income, not married, unemployed, with common mental disorders. Further analysis found that 47% (with higher education and income) paid out-of-pocket, and 53% used psychotropic medication. Psychotherapy does not appear to be the preferred treatment for common mental disorders. PMID:25118139

Psychotherapy in Argentina: a clinical case from an integrative perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Gómez, Beatriz

2007-08-01

The article describes psychotherapy practice in Argentina. It outlines the main features of training and regulation of clinical psychologists. A brief description of the main treatment approaches and the major current challenges is presented. Subsequently it delineates the probable treatment locations and options for a 30-year-old woman, Mrs. A, seeking psychological help in Argentina. The case is then considered from an integrative perspective starting with the intake process, which includes a comprehensive pretreatment assessment followed by the treatment plan. Its course is described as composed of four stages: (1) psychoeducational initial intervention, (2) psychotherapy for symptom alleviation, (3) marital treatment, and (4) psychoeducational final intervention. Posttreatment evaluation and possible outcome and prognosis are presented, as well as factors that might prevent improvement. The article ends with a hopeful view of the future role of psychotherapy in Argentina. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ökonomische Effekte der Vereinigten Bühnen Wien: Endbericht ; Studie im Auftrag der Vereinigten Bühnen Wien

OpenAIRE

Schnabl, Alexander; Dippenaar, Sarah; Müllbacher, Sandra; Skrivanek, Isabella; Weberberger, Irene

2011-01-01

aus dem Inhaltsverzeichnis: Einleitung; Kultur und Tourismus - ökonomische Aspekte; Untersuchungsmethode; Ökonomische Effekte der Ausgaben der Vereinigten Bühnen Wien; Ökonomische Effekte der Ausgaben der BesucherInnen der Vereinigten Bühnen Wien; Executive Summary; Literaturverzeichnis;

The role of cognitive biases in short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kramer, Ueli; Ortega, Diana; Ambresin, Gilles; Despland, Jean-Nicolas; de Roten, Yves

2018-06-01

The concept of biased thinking - or cognitive biases - is relevant to psychotherapy research and clinical conceptualization, beyond cognitive theories. The present naturalistic study aimed to examine the changes in biased thinking over the course of a short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP) and to discover potential links between these changes and symptomatic improvement. This study focuses on 32 self-referred patients consulting for Adjustment Disorder according to DSM-IV-TR. The therapists were experienced psychodynamically oriented psychiatrists and psychotherapists. Coding of cognitive biases (using the Cognitive Errors Rating Scale; CERS) was made by external raters based on transcripts of interviews of psychotherapy; the reliability of these ratings on a randomly chosen 24% of all sessions was established. Based on the Symptom Check List SCL-90-R given before and after, the Reliable Change Index (RCI) was used. The assessment of cognitive errors was done at three time points: early (session 4-7), mid-treatment (session 12-17), and close to the end (after session 20) of the treatment. The results showed that the total frequency of cognitive biases was stable over time (p = .20), which was true both for positive and for negative cognitive biases. In exploring the three main subscales of the CERS, we found a decrease in selective abstraction (p = .02) and an increase in personalization (p = .05). A significant link between RCI scores (outcome) and frequency of positive cognitive biases was found, suggesting that biases towards the positive might have a protective function in psychotherapy. Therapists may be attentive to changes in biased thinking across short-term dynamic psychotherapy for adjustment disorder. Therapists may foster the emergence of positive cognitive biases at mid-treatment for adjustment disorder. © 2017 The British Psychological Society.

Lessing und der Islam

OpenAIRE

Muslim, Zahim Mohammed

2010-01-01

„Lessing und der Islam“ beschäftigt sich unparteiisch mit Lessings Auseinandersetzung mit dem Islam. Die Arbeit setzt sich das Ziel, den Leser und den Literaturkennern sowie der deutschen Bibliothek der Germanistik etwas von Lessings Auseinandersetzung mit dem Islam in die Hand zu geben, die bis heute als großes Modell für die interkulturelle und interreligiöse Menschheitstoleranzdebatte im Gedächtnis der deutschen Literatur vorhanden ist. Im ersten Teil widmet sich die vorliegende Arbeit de...

Can Two Psychotherapy Process Measures Be Dependably Rated Simultaneously? A Generalizability Study

Science.gov (United States)

Ulvenes, Pal G.; Berggraf, Lene; Hoffart, Asle; Levy, Raymon A.; Ablon, J. Stuart; McCullough, Leigh; Wampold, Bruce E.

2012-01-01

Observer ratings in psychotherapy are a common way of collecting information in psychotherapy research. However, human observers are imperfect instruments, and their ratings may be subject to variability from several sources. One source of variability can be raters' assessing more than 1 instrument at a time. The purpose of this research is to…

Clinical outcomes of psychotherapy dropouts: does dropping out of psychotherapy necessarily mean failure?

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Rodrigo T. Lopes

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Objective: A large proportion of psychotherapy patients remain untreated, mostly because they drop out. This study compares the short- and long-term outcomes of patients who dropped out of psychotherapy to those of therapy completers. Methods: The sample included 63 patients (23 dropouts and 40 completers from a controlled clinical trial, which compared narrative therapy vs. cognitive-behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder. Patients were assessed at the eighth session, post-treatment, and at 31-month follow-up. Results: Dropouts improved less than completers by the last session attended, but continued to improve significantly more than completers during the follow-up period. Some dropout patients improved with a small dose of therapy (17% achieved a clinically significant change before abandoning treatment, while others only achieved clinically significant change after a longer period (62% at 31-month follow-up. Conclusion: These results emphasize the importance of dealing effectively with patients at risk of dropping out of therapy.Patients who dropped out also reported improvement of depressive symptoms without therapy, but took much longer to improve than did patients who completed therapy. This might be attributable to natural remission of depression. Further research should use a larger patient database, ideally gathered by meta-analysis.

Vorgehensweisen innerhalb der FMEA-Arten

OpenAIRE

Schloske, Alexander; Mannuß, Oliver

2015-01-01

Die FMEA stellt heutzutage eines der wichtigsten Werkzeuge des präventiven Risikomanagements dar. Die universell anwendbare Vorgehensweise des VDA hat sich dabei in der Industrie etabliert. Der Beitrag beschreibt aus der Sicht von 25 Jahren FMEA-Erfahrung, wie die FMEA zielführend erstellt wird und mit welchen Tipps und Tricks eine effiziente und effektive FMEA-Erstellung ermöglicht wird. Es wird dabei detailliert dargestellt, wie innerhalb der einzelnen FMEA-Arten (System, Konstruktion, Proz...

Vorgehensweisen innerhalb der FMEA-Arten

OpenAIRE

Schloske, Alexander

2014-01-01

Die FMEA stellt heutzutage eines der wichtigsten Werkzeuge des präventiven Risikomanagements dar. Die universell anwendbare Vorgehensweise des VDA hat sich dabei in der Industrie etabliert. Der Beitrag beschreibt aus der Sicht von 25 Jahren FMEA-Erfahrung, wie die FMEA zielführend erstellt wird und mit welchen Tipps und Tricks eine effiziente und effektive FMEA-Erstellung ermöglicht wird. Es wird dabei detailliert dargestellt, wie innerhalb der einzelnen FMEA-Arten (System, Konstruktion, Proz...

Reducing the time until psychotherapy initiation reduces sick leave duration in participants diagnosed with anxiety and mood disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso, Sandra; Marco, José H; Andani, Joaquín

2018-01-01

Sick leave in patients with a mental disorder is characterized by having a long duration. Studies suggest that the time until a patient on sick leave for a common mental health disorder initiates evaluation and treatment by a healthcare professional is an important factor in the duration of the sick leave. However, in these studies, the intervention was not performed by a mental health specialist. The aim of this study was to find out whether the length of sick leave was associated with the time before initiating psychotherapy, age, time until returning to work after psychotherapy ends, and duration of psychotherapy. In a further analysis, we examined whether the model composed of age, duration of psychotherapy, and time before initiating psychotherapy predicted the length of sick leave. The sample consisted of 2,423 participants, 64.1% (n = 1,554) women and 35.9% (n = 869) men, who were on sick leave for anxiety disorders or depressive disorder. The total duration of the sick leave of participants diagnosed with depression and anxiety was positively associated with the time before beginning psychotherapy. Time before beginning psychotherapy predicted the length of sick leave when the variables age and duration of psychotherapy were controlled. It is necessary to reduce the time until beginning psychotherapy in people on sick leave for common mental disorders. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

VULNERABILITY, AUTHENTICITY, AND INTER-SUBJECTIVE CONTACT: PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES OF INTEGRATIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY

OpenAIRE

Richard G. Erskine

2013-01-01

The Philosophical principles of a relationally focused Integrative Psychotherapy are described through the concepts of vulnerability, authenticity, and inter-subjective contact. Eight principles or therapist attitudes are outlined with clinical examples that illustrate the philosophy. These philosophical principles provide the foundation for a theory of methods. This article is based on a keynote address given at the 6th International Integrative Psychotherapy Association Conference, Granth...

A Review of Psychotherapy Outcome Research: Considerations for School-Based Mental Health Providers

Science.gov (United States)

Zirkelback, Emily A.; Reese, Robert J.

2010-01-01

Evaluating psychotherapeutic outcome is an important endeavor given psychology's focus on identifying effective treatments. There is ample evidence to suggest that psychotherapy interventions for children and adolescents are effective. Unfortunately, the child and adolescent psychotherapy outcome literature lags behind the adult-focused outcome…

Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients attending Psychotherapy in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman

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Zena Al-Sharbati

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Objectives: There is significant evidence that psychotherapy is a pivotal treatment for persons diagnosed with Axis I clinical psychiatric conditions; however, a psychotherapy service has only recently been established in the Omani health care system. This study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of attendees at a psychotherapy clinic at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: An analysis was carried out of 133 new referrals to the Psychotherapy Service at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital. Results: The majority of referrals were females (59%, aged 18–34 years, employed (38%, had ≤12 years of formal education (51%, and were single (54%. A total of 43% were treated for anxiety disorders (including obsessive compulsive disorder, while 22% were treated for depression. A total of 65% were prescribed psychotropic medications. The utilisation of the Psychotherapy Service and its user characteristics are discussed within the context of a culturally diverse Omani community which has unique personal belief systems such as in supernatural powers (Jinn, contemptuous envy (Hassad, evil eye (Ain and sorcery (Sihr which are often used to explain the aetiology of mental illness and influence personal decisions on utilising medical and psychological treatments. Conclusion: Despite the low number of referrals to the Psychotherapy Service, there is reason to believe that psychotherapy would be an essential tool to come to grips with the increasing number of mental disorders in Oman.

Current Risk Management Practices in Psychotherapy Supervision.

Science.gov (United States)

Mehrtens, Ilayna K; Crapanzano, Kathleen; Tynes, L Lee

2017-12-01

Psychotherapy competence is a core skill for psychiatry residents, and psychotherapy supervision is a time-honored approach to teaching this skill. To explore the current supervision practices of psychiatry training programs, a 24-item questionnaire was sent to all program directors of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-approved adult psychiatry programs. The questionnaire included items regarding adherence to recently proposed therapy supervision practices aimed at reducing potential liability risk. The results suggested that current therapy supervision practices do not include sufficient management of the potential liability involved in therapy supervision. Better protections for patients, residents, supervisors and the institutions would be possible with improved credentialing practices and better documentation of informed consent and supervision policies and procedures. © 2017 American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law.

Narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability in psychotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Pincus, Aaron L; Cain, Nicole M; Wright, Aidan G C

2014-10-01

This article briefly summarizes the empirical and clinical literature underlying a contemporary clinical model of pathological narcissism. Unlike the DSM Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD), this clinical model identifies and differentiates between two phenotypic themes of dysfunction-narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability-that can be expressed both overtly and covertly in patients' ways of thinking, feeling, behaving, and participating in treatment. Clinical recognition that narcissistic patients can and often do present for psychotherapy in vulnerable states of depression, anxiety, shame, and even suicidality increases the likelihood of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. This article provides case examples derived from psychotherapies with narcissistic patients to demonstrate how narcissistic grandiosity and narcissistic vulnerability concurrently present in patients who seek treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Grading sacroiliitis with emphasis on MRI imaging; Grading der Sakroiliitis mit Betonung der MRT-Bildgebung

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jurik, A.G.; Egund, N. [The Department of Radiology R, Aarhus Kommunehospital (Denmark)

2004-03-01

Cross-sectional imaging techniques play a decisive role in identification, localization, and characterization of alterations in the sacroiliac joint during the early stage of seronegative spondylarthropathy (SpA). Although several studies showed that the diagnostic capabilities of MRI and CT are superior to those of conventional radiography, they have not yet become established and accepted as methods for evaluating the grade of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in contrast to conventional radiography. The lack of acceptance for MRI and/or CT methods for evaluating and grading changes in the sacroiliac joint makes it difficult to include the results of these procedures in classifying the grade of SpA. Moreover, grading the changes in the sacroiliac joint in SpA with a method more sensitive than conventional radiography will be of prime importance in assessing treatment, e.g., the efficacy of new biological therapeutic agents directed against the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-{alpha}). An overview of the available grading methods is provided and MRI and CT techniques are presented. (orig.) [German] Schnittbildverfahren spielen bei der Identifizierung, Lokalisation und Charakterisierung von Veraenderungen des Sakroiliakalgelenks (SIG) im Fruehstadium der seronegativen Spondylarthropathie (SpA) eine entscheidende Rolle. Obwohl mehrere Studien zeigten, dass der diagnostische Wert der MRT und CT jenem der konventionellen Radiographie ueberlegen ist, hat sich das Schnittbildverfahren als Mittel zur Evaluierung des Grades der ankylosierenden Spondylitis (AS) im Gegensatz zur konventionellen Radiographie noch nicht etabliert und durchgesetzt. Dieses Fehlen eines akzeptierten MRT- und/oder CT-Verfahrens zur Evaluierung und zum Grading der Veraenderungen am SIG macht es schwierig, die Ergebnisse dieser Verfahren bei der Einstufung des Grades der AS-Veraenderungen und Erarbeitung von Diagnosekriterien fuer andere Formen der SpA einzubeziehen. Ausserdem wird das Grading der SIG

Diversität und Konvergenz an der Wurzel: Perspektiven der Romanistik in Zeiten der Globalisierung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernhard Teuber

2016-03-01

Full Text Available I. Wieder eine Studienreform – II. Diversitäten und Konvergenz – III. Die fetten Jahre der Theorie – IV. Was in Zukunft zu tun bleibt: 1.Digital Humanities; 2.Spatial Turn; 3.Postcolonial Studies; 4.Gender Studies; 5.Ethical Turn – V. Averroes auf der Suche

Logos und etos der Heiligkeit im Licht der liturgischen Texte vom hl. Stanislaus, Bischof und Märtyrer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jan Józef Janicki

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Im Jahr 2003 feiert die Kirche in Polen das 750-jährige Jubiläum der Heiligsprechung des Bischofs Stanislaus (1030-1079, der im Jahre 1253 in Assisi, als erste Pole, kanonisiert wurde und zum Patron von ganz Polen ernannt. Der Verfasser analisiert das Messformular und Stundengebetsformular von der liturgischen Feier des hl. Stanislaus, Bischof und Märtyrer am 8 Mai und sucht dadurch die Lehre (logos über das christliche Leben und die konkrete Lebens-Konsequenzen (etos aufzuzeigen. Die erneuerten liturgischen Texte der Gebete des neuen römischen Messbuches und des Stundengebetes zeigen den Glauben der betenden Kirche nach dem alten Prinzip: legem credendi lex statuat supplicandi (oder kurz ausgedrückt: lex orandi lex credendi. Der Zweck also des hier vorgestellten Artikels ist es, den Glauben der Kirche über das heilige Leben der Christen zu demonstrieren, welches uns eine Analyse der euchologischen Texte und der Texte der Wortliturgie ermöglicht. Der Verfasser benutzte dann die Möglichkeit, diese ganze Problematik im breiten theologisch-liturgischen und pastoralen Kontext darzustellen. Dabei benutzte er die Dokumente der Kirche der letzten Jahre, insbesondere die Lehre des II. Vatikanischen Konzils wenn es um den pastoralen Dienst der Bischöfe geht, dann die pastoral-theologischen Briefe des Papstes Pius XII und des Papstes Johannes Paul II, zum 700-jährigen und zum 750-jährigen Jubiläum der Kanonisation des hl. Bischofs Stanislaus. Es geht aber auch um alles das, was Johannes Paul II und früher als Kardinal Karol Wojtyła zum Jahrestag des Märtyrertodes geschrieben hat. Die liturgischen Gebetstexte lex orandi und die Wortliturgie unterstreichen in ihrer lex credendi, dass der hl. Stanislaus in seinem Leben, in seiner Zeit und seiner Kirche, den Auftrag und die Vollmacht - die Christus den Aposteln und ihren Nachfolgern gegeben hat - alle Völker zu lehren, die Menschen in der Wahrheit zu heiligen und sie zu weiden, verwirklicht

Probleme mit „Modernisierung als Interpretationsrahmen von sozialer Arbeit und ‚Mütterlichkeit‘“ Problems with “Modernisierung als Interpretationsrahmen von sozialer Arbeit und ‘Mütterlichkeit’” (Modernization as Interpretive Structure for Social Work and ‘Motherliness’

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brita Rang

2004-11-01

Full Text Available Unverändert ist das bereits 1986 von Christoph Sachße vorgelegte Buch nun ein drittes Mal, allerdings in einem anderen Verlag erschienen. Gegenstand ist die Entstehung der modernen beruflichen Sozialarbeit, die – so die These –, aus einer Verbindung von bürgerlich-kommunaler Wohlfahrtspflege und bürgerlich-konservativer Frauenbewegung hervorging. Deren ethisches Konzept der ‚geistigen Mütterlichkeit‘ habe jedoch von Beginn an in einem Spannungsverhältnis zur zunehmenden Verberuflichung und Bürokratisierung der sozialen Arbeit im Ersten Weltkrieg und der Weimarer Republik gestanden.Christoph Sachße’s 1986 work has been published for the third time in an unaltered form, albeit with a different publisher. The object of study is the origin of modern occupational social work that—according to the thesis—developed from the alliance of middle-class/municipal welfare work and the middle-class/conservative women’s movement. Their ethical concept of ‘spiritual motherliness’, however, maintained a tense relationship to the increasing bureaucratization of social work and the incorporation thereof as a mode of occupation during World War I and the Weimar Republic.

Premature conclusions about psychotherapy for dysthymia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cuijpers, P.

2009-01-01

Dr Cuijpers and Colleagues Reply To the Editor: We thank Dr Gaudiano and colleagues for their contribution to the discussion about psychotherapy for dysthymia. We agree very much with Gaudiano et al that we should be careful about drawing definite conclusions about the comparative efficacy of

Magnetic resonance imaging for early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis; Magnetresonanztomographie in der Fruehdiagnostik der rheumatoiden Arthritis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uhl, M. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Radiologische Diagnostik; Allmann, K.H. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Radiologische Diagnostik; Hauer, M.P. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Radiologische Diagnostik; Laubenberger, J. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Radiologische Diagnostik; Kempis, J. v. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie; Langer, M. [Universitaetsklinik Freiburg (Germany). Abt. fuer Radiologische Diagnostik

1997-06-01

Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) represents essential progress in the diagnostic means for evaluation of lesions of the muskuloskeletal system. The imaging of bone joints including material and structures like cartilage, tendons, ligaments, effusions, pannus, cortical bone and marrow offers essential advantages for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, follow-up control and detection of local complications in rheumatics radiology. The review article discusses the achievements of MRI for detection of early signs of rheumatoid arthritis and the current indications for MRI examination for early diagnosis. (Orig./AJ) [Deutsch] Die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ist ein bedeutender Fortschritt in der Diagnostik von Erkrankungen des muskuloskelettalen Systems. Die Darstellung von Gelenkstrukturen einschliesslich Knorpel, Sehnen, Baendern, Erguessen, Pannus, kortikalem Knochen und Mark ist in der Diagnostik, Differentialdiagnostik, Verlaufsbeurteilung und der Aufdeckung von lokalen Komplikationen in der Rheumaradiologie von erheblichem Vorteil. In der Uebersicht werden die Fruehveraenderungen der rheumatoiden Arthritis in der MRT-Bildgebung und die heute aktuellen Indiakationen fuer den Einsatz der MRT in der Fruehdiagnostik diskutiert. (Orig./AJ)

Der "Mere-Exposure-Effekt" in der Mensch-Technik-Interaktion und seine Auswirkungen auf das Nutzererleben

OpenAIRE

Vogel, Marlene

2016-01-01

Der Umgang mit interaktiven Schnittstellen technischer Geräte gehört heute zum Alltag vieler Menschen. Diese Schnittstellen werden durch die zunehmende Funktionalität der Geräte komplexer. Beispielsweise sind die heutigen Mobiltelefone, sogenannte Smartphones, mit ihrer unterstützenden und umfangreichen Funktionalität nicht mehr aus dem Leben vieler Menschen wegzudenken. Dabei ist es nicht nur der effiziente Umgang mit der Technik, der u. a. für die Kaufentscheidung eine Bedeutung hat. Vielme...

Risiko Energiewende Wege aus der Sackgasse

CERN Document Server

Kleinknecht, Konrad

2015-01-01

Der Ausstieg aus der Nutzung der Kernenergie in Deutschland wurde im Sommer 2011 im Eiltempo beschlossen. Jetzt zeigt sich, dass es keinen realistischen Plan für den Umbau der Energieversorgung in der vorgesehenen Frist von zehn Jahren gibt. Für die Umstellung unserer gesamten Stromversorgung und damit unserer Wirtschaft ist der Zeitraum zu kurz. Es fehlt eine belastbare empirische Begründung, die Fragen der Versorgungssicherheit, der Finanzierbarkeit, der Auswirkungen auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und die soziale Gerechtigkeit behandeln müsste. Somit droht diese Wende an ihren Widersprüchen zu scheitern. Konrad Kleinknecht versucht in seinem Buch, die Probleme zu benennen und Antworten zu finden. Für ihn stellen sich die folgenden Fragen: Welche Möglichkeit haben wir, mit Windkraft und Solarenergie einen Teil der Stromversorgung zu ersetzen? Welche Stromquellen bieten gesicherte Leistung? Können wir auf Kohlekraftwerke verzichten? Brauchen wir neue Stromtrassen? Wie lässt sich Strom speichern?...

Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris - Eine Fallserie mit neun Patienten.

Science.gov (United States)

Buder, Valeska; Herberger, Katharina; Jacobi, Arnd; Augustin, Matthias; Radtke, Marc Alexander

2016-11-01

Die Pustulosis palmoplantaris ist eine chronisch entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die mit bedeutenden Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität und der Belastbarkeit einhergeht. Aufgrund von Zulassungsbeschränkungen und einem häufig therapierefraktären Verlauf sind die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten limitiert. Nach zuvor frustranen Therapien erhielten 9 Patienten mit Pustulosis palmoplantaris nach Ausschluss einer latenten Tuberkulose Ustekinumab (45 mg Ustekinumab bei  100 kg KG) in Woche 0, 4, 12 und 24. Reguläre Visiten erfolgten nach 4 und 12 Wochen, im weiteren Verlauf alle 12 Wochen. Das Durchschnittsalter bei Therapiebeginn betrug 48 Jahre. Drei Patienten waren männlich. Bei n  =  4 Patienten (44,4 %) wurde eine Verbesserung um 75 % des Palmoplantar-Psoriasis-Area-Severity-Index (PPPASI) erreicht. Insgesamt verbesserte sich der PPPASI nach 24 Wochen durchschnittlich um 71,6 %. Eine komplette Abheilung zeigte sich bei n  =  2 Patienten nach 24 Wochen. Bis auf lokale Injektionsreaktionen und leichte Infekte wurden keine unerwünschten Wirkungen beobachtet. Die Fallserie ist ein weiterer Beleg für die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris. Zur Beurteilung der Langzeitwirkung und -sicherheit sowie der Wirksamkeit einer intermittierenden Therapie sind kontrollierte Studiendaten sowie Beobachtungen im Rahmen von Patientenregistern notwendig. © 2016 Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft (DDG). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

USING BACH FLOWER IN HOLISTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY

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Vagner Ferreira do Nascimento

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This is a narrative review from scientific literature that aimed to describe concepts and approaches for indications of the therapeutic use of Bach flower remedies in holistic psychotherapy. The review was developed in February 2016 from books, official documents and articles indexed in Lilacs and Scielo databases. Bach flower remedies is a therapeutic method that aims to restore the balance of human being, restoring its vital energy through holistic care. Because the flower essences act on psychic and emotional dimension of individual, when employed in holistic psychotherapy can provide greater autonomy, self-care and effectiveness compared to other alternative methods. The literature indicated that flower essence therapy is a safe practice and can be used in a complementary to health care, but should be performed by qualified professionals. It has also shown to be a promising and important area for nursing professional, but it still requires greater investment in research in the area to support the practice.

[Psychotherapy with Immigrants and Traumatized Refugees].

Science.gov (United States)

Erim, Yesim; Morawa, Eva

2016-09-01

In view of the growing proportion of immigrants and refugees in the population of Germany the knowledge on the influence of culture and migration on identity, and mental health presents a substantial basis for effective therapy. This article addresses important topics of psychotherapy with immigrants in general and with refugees in particular. Following issues selected according to their relevance and actuality are highlighted: definition of persons with migration background, migrants and refugees, facts on immigration to Germany, main results and theories on mental health of immigrants, social psychological aspects of intercultural psychotherapy (individualism vs. collectivism, stereotypes, discrimination etc.), psychosomatic diagnostics in intercultural context, diversity management in institutions, language and use of translators, living conditions of immigrants - stress and protective factors in immigrant mental health, post traumatic stress disorders among refugees: their prevalence, risk factors, diagnostics, course, multimodal psychosocial interventions in consulting centers, trauma focused interventions, trauma pedagogics, education and prevention of the volunteers. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Psychotherapy as a treatment modality for psychiatric disorders: Perceptions of general public of Karachi, Pakistan

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Zafar Abdul

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Psychiatric disorders affect about 450 million individuals worldwide. A number of treatment modalities such as psychotropic medications, psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy can be used to treat these disorders. Attitudes of general public play a pivotal role in effective utilization of mental health services. We explored the perceptions of general public of Karachi, Pakistan regarding psychotherapy. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan during July-August, 2008. A three-step sampling strategy and a structured questionnaire were employed to survey knowledge and perceptions of adult general public about psychotherapy. Descriptive statistics were used for baseline characteristics. Logistic regression models were used to investigate any significant associations between baseline characteristics of the participants and their perceptions. Results The study sample comprised of 985 individuals (536 males; 531 financially independent with an average age of 36.7 years (SD 13.54 years and 12.5 years (SD 3.09 years of education were included. Majority (59.4%; n = 585 claimed to be aware of psychotherapy as a treatment option for psychiatric disorders but 47.5% of these (n = 278/585 failed to identify its correct definition. Concerns voiced by the participants about psychotherapy included stigma (48.7% and breech in confidentiality (39.5%; 60.7% opined it cost effective and 86.5% favored its use as an adjuvant modality. A preference for psychotherapy as the treatment strategy for psychiatric disorders was demonstrated by 46.6% (n = 459/985. Younger, more educated, financially independent and female participants were more likely to prefer psychotherapy as were those who deemed it cost effective. Conclusion Positive attitudes regarding the acceptability, clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy were observed in a sample representative of general public of Karachi, Pakistan. These findings

[Work-related behaviour and experience patterns and mental health: a study in psychotherapy trainees].

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Grundmann, Johanna; Sude, Kerstin; Löwe, Bernd; Wingenfeld, Katja

2013-03-01

In view of the fact that many reports have been published that emphasize the difficult conditions of the German psychotherapy training, the aim of this study was to investigate psychotherapy trainees´ work stress as well as work-related psychosocial risks and resources. Variables of interest were work-related behaviour and experience patterns (AVEM), effort-reward-imbalance, chronic stress and health-related quality of life. 321 participants completed an online survey. The distribution of work-related behaviour and experience patterns as well as the results regarding work overload and mental health are evidence of psychotherapy trainees' strain. AVEM-risk patterns are associated with effort-reward-imbalance, chronic stress and reduced mental health. These results clearly support claims for a modification of the psychotherapy training in Germany. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Significance and basic patterns of risk communication; Bedeutung und Grundzuege der Risikokommunikation

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Obermeier, O.P. [Gerling Akademie fuer Risikoforschung AG, Muenchen (Germany)]|[Gerling Akademie fuer Risikoforschung AG, Zurich (Switzerland)]|[Augsburg Univ. (Germany)

1996-11-01

The philosophically coloured paper on the aspects of risk communication patterns in society shows that debates about risks are governed by a number of stereotype characters representing the individualist and manager type, bureaucracy and law-and-order type, ego-centered embarrassment activist, and fundamentalist. Every risk-relevant group in the study tries to push forward its own interests. Risk communication is understood as a process of social dealing. (HP) [Deutsch] Die nahezu philosophischen Ueberlegungen zum Thema Risiko belegen, dass alle Risikodiskussionen von den Besitzindividualisten, Buerokraten, Betroffenheitsaktivisten und Fundamentalisten dominiert werden. Jede risikorelevante Gruppierung versucht ihre Gruppenegoismen durchzusetzen. Risikokommunikation wird als Prozess des sozialen Aushandelns aufgefasst. (HP)

The influence of diagnosis on psychotherapy missed opportunities in a veteran population.

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Keeley, Jared Wayne; Cardin, Scott; Gonzalez, Rose

2016-01-01

Canceled or unattended psychotherapy sessions are a source of concern for patients, providers, and health-care systems. Veterans are particularly likely to experience mental health problems, and yet they are also especially susceptible to variables leading to premature termination of services. This study examined a large (n = 2285) sample of veterans receiving psychotherapy services to determine if mental health diagnosis had an impact upon missed psychotherapy opportunities. There were differential cancelation rates for individuals with different classes of disorder, and the total number of appointments a person scheduled changed the nature of the effect. Health-care administrators and treatment providers should consider the specific effects of individuals with differing diagnoses when planning courses of treatment and coordinating care.

[Body integrity identity disorder--first success in long-term psychotherapy].

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Thiel, Aylin; Ehni, Franziska J F; Oddo, Silvia; Stirn, Aglaja

2011-07-01

The Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID) is a fairly unknown and unexplored psychic illness. Very little cases underwent a psychotherapeutic treatment. We report on the two-and-a-half year psychotherapy with a 37 years old man, who wants an amputation of his two legs. Origin and meaning of the amputation desire were uncovered in psychotherapy. The psychodynamic oriented therapy with cognitive-behavioral elements can be used to develop further treatment approaches. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Zur beruflichen Fortbildung der Musiklehrer in Lettland

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Ligita Stramkale

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Die berufliche Fortbildung der Musiklehrer war in Lettland immer ein aktuelles Thema. Vorschriften des lettischen Ministerkabinetts bestimmen die Anforderungen der beruflichen Fortbildung der Lehrer. Diese werden bei der Durchführung vielfältiger Fortbildungsprogramme für die Musiklehrer umgesetzt. Im folgenden Beitrag werden die Besonderheiten der beruflichen Fortbildung der Musiklehrer und eines der Fortbildungsmodule – „Didaktische Modelle des Musikunterrichts“ – analysiert. Die hier referierte empirische Studie versucht, die Einstellungen der Musiklehrer zu den Einflussfaktoren auf die Qualität der beruflichen Fortbildungskurse und deren Lektoren zu erfassen. Als Ergebnis wird auf mehrere Faktoren hingewiesen, die auf die Qualität der beruflichen Fortbildungskurse der Musiklehrer Einfluss nehmen.

Von Nischen und Infrastrukturen - Herausforderungen und neue Ansätze politischer Technologien

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Felix Stalder

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Neue Technologien aus dem aktivistischen Umfeld bieten radikale Alternativen zu kultureller Nischenbildung und zentralisierten Web 2.0-Infrastrukturen. Die sozialen und politischen Realitäten der Digitalisierung und Vernetzung sind heute von zwei konstitutiven, aber grundsätzlich unterschiedlichen, ja teilweise sogar entgegengesetzten Dynamiken geprägt. Beide stellen den Medienaktivismus vor neue Herausforderungen. Zum einen können wir ein Aufblühen neuer kultureller Nischen und horizontaler Organisationsformen beobachten. Zum anderen erleben wir gleichzeitig eine enorme Zentralisierung und Konzentration auf der Ebene der Plattformen, welche einen grossen Teil der infrastrukturellen Grundlage des Wachstum der Nischen und neuen Kooperationsmuster darstellen. Nachdem der Aufbau alternativer Infrastrukturen – Zeitschriften, TV Kanäle und Internetplattformen – in den ersten 30 Jahren medienaktivistischer Projekte eine grosse Rolle gespielt hat (Stalder 2008 sind diese Fragen in den letzten 10 Jahren etwas in den Hintergrund getreten. Denn die Komplexität der Infrastrukturen nahm stetig zu, was es immer aufwendiger machte, sie zu betreiben und die neuen, offene Plattformen, wie sie für Web 2.0 typisch sind, stellten allen - scheinbar ohne Einschränkungen - mächtige Werkzeuge zu Verfügung. Warum eine eigene Plattform betreiben, wenn grosse professionelle Anbieter das besser, sicherer und kostenfrei anbieten? Heute sind die Probleme dieser Entwicklungen aber deutlich zu erkennen. Im Folgenden werden die Herausforderungen dieser Nischenbildung, die dunkle Seite der zentralisierten Infrastrukturen sowie die darauf reagierenden, neue Entwürfe für de-zentrale Infrastrukturen skizziert.

Warum Computerspielen trotzdem gut ist - Neutralisierungsstrategien von Computerspielabhängigen und sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschern

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Paula Bleckmann

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Im folgenden Text werden zunächst verschiedene wissenschaftliche Perspektiven auf das Phänomen der Computerspielabhängigkeit vorgestellt und die Position der Autorinnen, die Computerspielabhängigkeit in der Tradition sozialwissenschaftlicher Suchtforschung als virtuelle (Schein-Lösung verschiedener biografischer Problemkonstellationen sowie als unwahrscheinlichen Prozess verstehen, hiervon abgegrenzt. Zweitens werden innerhalb des als «unwahrscheinliche Karriere» verstanden Prozesses verschiedene hier als Neutralisierungsstrategien bezeichnete Deutungsmuster in den Fokus genommen, die zu einem Nichtergreifen von Karriereabbruchmöglichkeiten führen. Es sind vielfältige Neutralisierungsstrategien aus dem Material rekonstruierbar, mit denen Spieler/innen plausibilisieren, «warum Computerspielen trotzdem gut ist», trotz der Konflikte also, die sich zunehmend mit Normen und Werten des sozialen Umfelds oder der Gesellschaft ergeben. Dabei ist zwischen offensiveren und defensiveren, wie auch zwischen jene Normen aushebelnden oder aber diese anerkennenden Strategien zu unterscheiden, wobei verschiedene Strategien auch zugleich von ein und derselben Person eingesetzt werden. Drittens wird die Frage aufgeworfen, inwieweit die Argumentationslinien der durch Kommerzialisierungsinteressen getriebenen Medienanbieter, wie auch der Medienpädagogik und ihrer Nachbardisziplinen Parallelen zu diesen Neutralisierungsstrategien aufweisen. Kann diese gewagte Parallelisierung die Medienpädagogik zu einer kritischen Selbstreflexion anregen, um sich in einem Diskurs um Medienrisiken reflektierter positionieren zu können, statt Hinweise zu Risiken der Bildschirmmediennutzung, die vorwiegend aus anderen Disziplinen stammen, entweder zu ignorieren oder aber reflexartig zu neutralisieren, indem begründet wird, «warum Computerspielen trotzdem gut» sei?

Therapeutic hypnosis, psychotherapy, and the digital humanities: the narratives and culturomics of hypnosis, 1800-2008.

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Rossi, Ernest; Mortimer, Jane; Rossi, Kathryn

2013-04-01

Culturomics is a new scientific discipline of the digital humanities-the use of computer algorithms to search for meaning in large databases of text and media. This new digital discipline is used to explore 200 years of the history of hypnosis and psychotherapy in over five million digitized books from more than 40 university libraries around the world. It graphically compares the frequencies of English words about hypnosis, hypnotherapy, psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, and their founders from 1800 to 2008. This new perspective explore issues such as: Who were the major innovators in the history of therapeutic hypnosis, psychoanalysis, and psychotherapy? How well does this new digital approach to the humanities correspond to traditional histories of hypnosis and psychotherapy?

Adding Group Psychotherapy to Medication Treatment in Dysthymia

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Hellerstein, David J.; Little, Suzanne A. S.; Samstag, Lisa Wallner; Batchelder, Sarai; Muran, J. Christopher; Fedak, Michael; Kreditor, David; Rosenthal, Richard N.; Winston, Arnold

2001-01-01

Patients with dysthymia have been shown to respond to treatment with antidepressant medications, and to some degree to psychotherapy. Even patients successfully treated with medication often have residual symptoms and impaired psychosocial functioning. The authors describe a prospective randomized 36-week study of dysthymic patients, comparing continued treatment with antidepressant medication (fluoxetine) alone and medication with the addition of group therapy treatment. After an 8-week trial of fluoxetine, medication-responsive subjects were randomly assigned to receive either continued medication only or medication plus 16 sessions of manualized group psychotherapy. Results provide preliminary evidence that group therapy may provide additional benefit to medication-responding dysthymic patients, particularly in interpersonal and psychosocial functioning. PMID:11264333

Physikalische Therapie der Beckenbodeninsuffizienz - Methodenvergleich

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Bocker B

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Harninkontinenz wird von der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Kontinenz als soziales und hygienisches Problem durch unwillkürlichen Harnverlust definiert [1]. Um Aussagen über die Wirksamkeit einzelner Therapieformen in der Behandlung dieser Erkrankung treffen zu können, untersuchten wir 24 Patientinnen mit neuromuskulärer Beckenbodenschwäche sowie 24 männliche Patienten nach Prostatektomie. In einer kontrollierten, prospektiven Längsschnittstudie erhielten je 8 Patienten jeder Diagnosegruppe nach randomisierter Zuordnung eine Serie Elektrostimulation der Beckenbodenmuskulatur (ES, Biofeedbacktherapie (BF und EMG-getriggerte Elektrostimulation (EMG-ES in Kombination mit einer standardisierten Krankengymnastik (KG. Hauptzielparameter ist der Harninkontinenzgrad, Nebenzielparameter die Häufigkeit der Inkontinenzepisoden und Beckenbodenspannung, gemessen über den Oberflächen-EMG-Bereich. In bezug auf den Harninkontinenzgrad sind die Ergebnisse am Studienende bei Einsatz der Feedbackverfahren signifikant besser als nach isolierter Elektrostimulation. Durch BF sank der Harninkontinenzgrad nach Ingelmann-Sundberg im Mittelwert von Therapiebeginn bis zum Ende des Follow-up um 1,2; nach EMG-ES um 1,05. Passive ES führte zu einer Harninkontinenzreduktion um 0,36. In der Beeinflussung der Inkontinenzepisoden ist die bessere Wirkung der Biofeedbackverfahren im Follow-up gesichert (Häufigkeit / d von 2,5 auf 0,75 gegenüber einer Abnahme von 2,6 auf 1,9 infolge ES. Bezüglich des EMG-Bereiches zeigt die reine Elektrostimulation im Gegensatz zu den Feedback-gekoppelten Verfahren (Zunahme der Aktivität um 13,6 bzw. 12 µV keine Wirkung auf die Muskelaktivität. Bei isolierter Betrachtung der Diagnosegruppen führt reine Biofeedbackbehandlung bei den prostatektomierten Patienten zur Abnahme der Harninkontinenz über das Therapieende hinaus: MV = 2,0 bei SD = 0,17 zu Beginn auf MV = 0,7 bei SD = 0,14 zwölf Wochen nach Therapie. Dagegen hat EMG

Die Übung an sich selbst außerhalb der Ästhetik: das Gegenmittel zu Instrumentalisierungen der Kultur.

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Stanislas d’Ornano

2005-10-01

Full Text Available In heutiger Zeit den politischen Status der Kultur und der Kunst zu untersuchen setzt voraus, dass man ebenfalls drei Aspekte unserer Epoche in Betracht zieht. Wir haben die Orientierung verloren aufgrund des Widerspruchs zwischen der Vielfalt der Wege (Theorien, Lebensstile, Kunstrichtungen einerseits und der Vorstellung der Erreichung eines Ziels (das Ende der Geschichte, die vollkommene Gesellschaft andererseits. Wir erleben täglich die Situation einer zweifachen Instrumentalisierung, ...

Medienbildung in der Volksschule

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Katharina Grubesic

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In dieser Untersuchung steht der Zusammenhang zwischen Schule und Medien in Bezug auf die Wertvorstellungen und Einstellungen der Akteure auf Grundlage des Habituskonzepts von Bourdieu sowie des Konzepts des medialen Habitus von Kommer und Biermann im Mittelpunkt. Die von den Lehrenden vorgelebten verinnerlichten Dispositionen im handlungsspezifischen Umgang mit unterschiedlichen Medien als auch der zu Grunde liegende „legitime Geschmack“, in dem sich diese Veranlagungen ausdrücken, sind hierbei bedeutsam. Die Rekonstruktion des medialen Habitus von LehrerInnen wird durch einen Vergleich zweier divergierender Unterrichtskonzeptionen mit der Methode der Videoanalyse erreicht. Das mediendidaktische Design, die Mediennutzung und die aktive Unterrichtsbeteiligung stellen die Analyseschwerpunkte dar, die der Beschreibung der verinnerlichten Dispositionen aufgrund der vorgelebten Haltungen und Wertvorstellungen dienen. Die anschließende relationierte Beobachtung ermöglicht es, in Anlehnung an die Habitustypen von Mutsch, die Differenzen und Gemeinsamkeiten der Unterrichtskonzepte sowie der daraus resultierenden Chancen und Schwierigkeiten im Unterricht zu verdeutlichen. This study attempts to show the correlation between school and media based on media habits, experiences and patterns of media usage of teachers and pupils in primary schools. As a theoretical framework, Bourdieu’s conception of habitus and the conception of media habitus of Kommer and Biermann are used to reconstruct the media habitus of primary school teachers in different educational settings. In this research, media habitus is understood as a combination of media economic capital, media activities, experience and preferences, values and attitudes of media in daily routine just as purposes and motives of media usage and educational intervention in family life. This work focuses on pointing out the relevance of teachers’ media habitus in different educational designs in

[Integrative parent-infant psychotherapy for early regulatory and relationship disorders].

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Papousek, Mechthild; de Chuquisengo, Ruth Wollwerth

2006-01-01

The author introduces both the concept and practice of Integrative Parent-Infant Psychotherapy (IPI-P), a treatment specifically designed for the most frequent developmental problems and psychological needs of infants and their parents. Based on growing knowledge from interdisciplinary infancy research, both basic and clinical, IPI-P has been developed and practised in the "Munich Interdisciplinary Research and Intervention Program" for early regulatory and relationship disorders since the early nineties. Preverbal parent-infant communication represents both the port of entry into the system and the main focus of diagnostics, developmental counselling, interaction guidance, or psychodynamic psychotherapy of distorted communication and distressed/disordered relationships. The method of videomicroanalysis during video-feedback with the parent has proven particularly efficient--while observing, reliving and working through brief episodes of recorded parent-infant interaction. The author illustrates the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures with excerpts from psychotherapy of a toddler with an age-specific regulatory disorder in the context of severely distressed primary relationships.

The value of measurements of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity (CVRC) for the assessment and prognosis of cerebrovascular disease; Der Stellenwert der Messung der zerebrovaskulaeren Reservekapazitaet bei der Beurteilung und Prognose ischaemischer Hirnerkrankungen

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Einhaeupl, K.M. [Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Neurologie, Universitaetsklinikum Charite, Medizinische Fakultaet der Humboldt-Universitaet, Berlin (Germany); Valdueza, J.M. [Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Neurologie, Universitaetsklinikum Charite, Medizinische Fakultaet der Humboldt-Universitaet, Berlin (Germany)

1997-03-01

Today, the diagnostic and therapeutic principles in the management of stroke are changing. Prevention of stroke is one of the major fields of research. One important aim of the newly developed diagnostic techniques is the identification of a particular subgroup of patients with compromised cerebral circulation who will benefit from surgical or medical therapies. The assessment of the CVRC with tracer techniques and the acetazolamide test seem to be a realiable and promising method for this purpose: 1. In carotid artery occlusion, the measurement of CVRV facilitates the identification of a subgroup of patients with compromised CVRC who show an improvement of CVRC after EC-IC bypass surgery. The value of bypass surgery for the prevention of stroke however, has to be confirmed by prospective studies. 2. The benefit from carotid surgery for patients with high-grade carotid stenosis and transient ischemic attack has been convincingly demonstrated by several studies. In asymptomatic patients, however, desobliteration of the carotid artery remains controversial. The identification of asymptomatic cases with compromised CVRC probably contributes to the recognition of patients with a high risk of suffering hemodynamic stroke. 3. In vascular dementia, cerebral blood flow measurements at rest alone have not been useful. CVRC measurements may offer a diagnostic advance in this still not well understood disease. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die Erkennung von Patientengruppen mit besonderer Schlaganfallgefaehrdung, die von konservativen wie chirurgischen Massnahmen profitieren wuerden, ist von hoechster klinischer Relevanz. Mit der Bestimmung der zerebrovaskulaeren Reservekapazitaet (CVRC) mit Acetazolamid besitzen wir einen funktionellen Parameter der zerebralen Haemodynamik, der eine Risikoabschaetzung bezueglich eines Schlaganfalls fuer folgende Indikationen erwarten laesst: 1. Bei Patienten mit einem Karotisverschluss konnte von verschiedenen Arbeitsgruppen gezeigt werden, dass sich

Culturally Adapted Psychotherapy and the Legitimacy of Myth: A Direct-Comparison Meta-Analysis

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Benish, Steven G.; Quintana, Stephen; Wampold, Bruce E.

2011-01-01

Psychotherapy is a culturally encapsulated healing practice that is created from and dedicated to specific cultural contexts (Frank & Frank, 1993; Wampold, 2007; Wrenn, 1962). Consequently, conventional psychotherapy is a practice most suitable for dominant cultural groups within North America and Western Europe but may be culturally incongruent…

A Pilot Use of Team-Based Learning in Psychiatry Resident Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Education

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Touchet, Bryan K.; Coon, Kim A.

2005-01-01

Objective: Demonstrating psychotherapy competency in trainees will test the resources of psychiatry training programs. The authors outline the phases of team-based learning (TBL). Methods: The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Tulsa (OUCM-T), Department of Psychiatry reorganized its psychodynamic psychotherapy didactic course using TBL.…

Toward a Neurobiology of Child Psychotherapy

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Kay, Jerald

2009-01-01

Brain imaging studies have demonstrated that psychotherapy alters brain structure and function. Learning and memory, both implicit and explicit, play central roles in this process through the creation of new genetic material that leads to increased synaptic efficiency through the creation of new neuronal connections. Although there is substantial…

The potential dangers of using MDMA for psychotherapy.

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Parrott, Andrew C

2014-01-01

MDMA has properties that may make it attractive for psychotherapy, although many of its effects are potentially problematic. These contrasting effects will be critically reviewed in order to assess whether MDMA could be safe for clinical usage. Early studies from the 1980s noted that MDMA was an entactogen, engendering feelings of love and warmth. However, negative experiences can also occur with MDMA since it is not selective in the thoughts or emotions it releases. This unpredictability in the psychological material released is similar to another serotonergic drug, LSD. Acute MDMA has powerful neurohormonal effects, increasing cortisol, oxytocin, testosterone, and other hormone levels. The release of oxytocin may facilitate psychotherapy, whereas cortisol may increase stress and be counterproductive. MDMA administration is followed by a period of neurochemical recovery, when low serotonin levels are often accompanied by lethargy and depression. Regular usage can also lead to serotonergic neurotoxicity, memory problems, and other psychobiological problems. Proponents of MDMA-assisted therapy state that it should only be used for reactive disorders (such as PTSD) since it can exacerbate distress in those with a prior psychiatric history. Overall, many issues need to be considered when debating the relative benefits and dangers of using MDMA for psychotherapy.

Der digitalisierte Steuerpflichtige

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Ehrke-Rabel, Tina

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Der digitalisierte Steuerpflichtige ist digitalisiert in seinem Wirtschaften und digitalisiert in seiner Interaktion mit der Finanzverwaltung. Digitale und digitalisierte Wirtschaftsmodelle stellen sowohl den Gesetzgeber als auch den Abgabenvollzug vor Herausforderungen, weil einerseits die physische Anknüpfung von Sachverhalten an staatliches Territorium nahezu unmöglich wird und andererseits staatliche Kontrolle von digitalen Wirtschaftsmodellen im derzeitigen System schwer möglich ist. Halten sich Steuerpflichtige an ihre Pflichten gegenüber der Finanzverwaltung, bietet die Digitalisierung jedoch Chancen für die Effizienzsteigerung des Vollzuges. Die Balance zwischen staatlicher Effizienz durch Digitalisierung und Schutz des Einzelnen vor übermäßigen Eingriffen in das Grundrecht auf Wahrung der Privatsphäre einerseits und dem Recht auf gute Verwaltung andererseits scheint derzeit jedoch noch nicht umfassend erreicht.

Der Organismus der Mathematik - mikro-, makro- und mesoskopisch betrachtet

Science.gov (United States)

Winkler, Reinhard