Utilização de microssatélites e RAPD na caracterização molecular de acessos de Paspalum urvillei Steudel Genetic diversity among accesses of Paspalum urvillei Steudel estimated by microssatelites and RAPD markers

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Joaquim Taizo Sawasato

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a diversidade genética na coleção de acessos de P. urvillei do Departamento de Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia (DPFA da Faculdade de Agronomia (UFRG visando sua utilização em futuros trabalhos de seleção. Foram avaliados 64 acessos provenientes do Rio Grande do Sul, 1 de Xanxerê, Santa Catarina, três de Curitiba, Paraná, e 1 da Argentina. A diversidade genética foi analisada por meio de marcadores do tipo RAPD e SSR. Utilizaram-se dez primers para marcadores RAPD, o que possibilitou obter 56 bandas polimórficas e 11 grupos no dendrograma com similaridade média de 0,70. Na técnica de SSR, foram utilizados sete primers e obtidas 28 bandas polimórficas, formando sete grupos no dendrograma com similaridade média de 0,66. Ambos os marcadores foram eficientes para o agrupamento de acessos coletados. O uso de maior número de primers para gerar mais bandas polimórficas foi necessário para obtenção de fingerprintsgenômicos dos indivíduos similares. Os dendrogramas gerados neste estudo dão subsídios para futuros cruzamentos de gerações parentais contrastantes ou similares no melhoramento de Paspalum urvillei.The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity among accesses of P. urvillei of Departamento de Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia (DPFA of the College of Agronomy - UFRGS and to evaluate their use in selection programs. Sixty four accesses from different cities of the Southern Region of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Parana States and from Argentine were analyzed by RAPD and SSR molecular markers. Ten primers of RAPD markers were used and resulted in 56 polymorphic bands and 11 groups in a dendrogram with average similarity 0.70. Seven primers were used for the SSR technique and resulted in 28 polymorphic bands and seven groups in a dendrogram with average similarity 0.66. Both markers were efficient on grouping the accesses

The reproducibility of RAPD profiles: Effects of PCR components on RAPD analysis of four centaurium species

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Skorić Marijana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis is a simple and reliable method used to detect DNA polymorphism. Several factors can affect the amplification profiles, thereby causing false bands and non-reproducibility of the assay. In this study, we analyzed the effects of different concentrations of primer, magnesium chloride, template DNA and Taq DNA polymerase to develop and standardize a RAPD protocol for Centaurium species. The optimized PCR reaction mixture included: 50 ng of DNA extracted using a CTbased protocol, 2.5 mM MgCl2, 7.5 pmol primer and 2 U of Taq polymerase in a final volume of 25 μl. Each of the five primers used in experiments (OPB11, OPB15, OPB18, OPF05 and OPH02 generated reproducible and distinguishable fingerprinting patterns of four Centaurium species. The obtained optimized RAPD protocol and the selected primers are useful for our further work in the genetic diversity studies of Centaurium species.

Genetic structure of populations of Mugil cephalus using RAPD ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr.Suresh

2013-10-30

, Andhra Pradesh and. Tamil Nadu in India was studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Five selective primers provided distinct and consistent RAPD profiles in all the four populations. The bands.

Protocolo de Asistencia a domicilio

OpenAIRE

Villar Villaseñor, Belén

2017-01-01

Treball de Final de Grau en medicina. Codi: MD1158. Curs acadèmic 2016-2017 ·Objetivos: Elaborar un protocolo de asistencia a domicilio en atención primaria para el manejo de pacientes que no pueden desplazarse hasta el centro de salud o que consideramos que su hogar va a ser el mejor lugar terapéutico. ·Métodos: Búsqueda en la literatura de atención domiciliaria, comparando los protocolos de actuación de distintas comunidades autónomas, como son la Comunidad Valenciana, Cataluña ...

Genotype characterization of Haematobia irritans from different Brazilian geographic regions based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis Caracterização genotípica de Haematobia irritans procedentes de diferentes regiões geográficas brasileiras baseada na análise do DNA polimórfico amplificado ao acaso (RAPD-PCR

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Luciana G. Brito

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Blood-sucking diptera are important parasites in bovine production systems, especially regarding confinement conditions. Haematobia irritans, the horn fly, is one of the most troublesome species within bovine production systems, due to the intense stress imposed to the animals. An important aspect while studying the variability within a species is the study of the geographic structure of its populations and, attempting to find out the genetic flow of Brazilian populations of horn fly, the RAPD technique, which is suited for this purpose, has been used. The use of molecular markers generated from RAPD made it possible to identify the geographic origin of samples from different Brazilian geographic regions, as well as to estimate the genotypic flow among the different Brazilian populations of the horn fly.Dípteras hematófagos são importantes parasitas dentro de sistemas de produção de bovinos, especialmente em confinamento. Haematobia irritans, a mosca-dos-chifres, é uma das espécies que maiores problemas causa em sistemas de produção de bovinos, dado ao intenso estresse que impõe aos animais. Um importante aspecto quando se estuda a variabilidade genética dentro das espécies é o estudo da estrutura geográfica destas populações. Buscando-se estimar a similaridade genotípica das diferentes populações brasileiras da mosca do chifre utilizou-se a técnica do DNA polimórfico amplificado ao acaso (RAPD-PCR, que mostrou-se eficiente para tal propósito. A utilização dos marcadores moleculares gerados através da técnica de RAPD-PCR tornou possível a identificação da origem geográfica das amostras das diferentes regiões geográficas brasileiras, assim como, estimar o fluxo genotípico entre as diferentes populações brasileiras da mosca-dos-chifres.

Efficiency of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Efficiency of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers for genotype fingerprinting and genetic diversity studies in canola ( ) ... The number of amplified fragments with RAPD primers ranged from 8 to 21, with the size of amplicons ranging from 162 to 3154 bp.

Relationship of status of polymorphic rapd bands with genotypic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Relationship of status of polymorphic rapd bands with genotypic adaptation in early finger millet genotypes. S Das, RC Misra, GR Rout, MC Pattanaik, S Aparajita. Abstract. Molecular characterisation of the 15 early duration finger millet (Eleusine coracana G) genotypes was done through RAPD markers. Twenty-five ...

DNA Sequences of RAPD Fragments in the Egyptian cotton ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) is a DNA polymorphism assay based on the amplification of random DNA segments with single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence. Despite the fact that the RAPD technique has become a very powerful tool and has found use in numerous applications, yet, the nature of ...

Comparative results of RAPD and ISSR markers for genetic diversity ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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the mean level of genetic similarity with populations of M. baccifera by using RAPD .... The statistical data for 9 RAPD and 17 ISSR primers used for analyzing 12 accessions of M. .... (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System, Bio-.

Identification of common bean alleles resistant to anthracnose using RAPD

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Ana L.M. Castanheira

1999-12-01

Full Text Available RAPD markers were identified close to common bean alleles responsible for resistance to the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and may be useful in selecting plants resistant to this pathogen. DNA from F2 plants of the crosses Carioca 300V x P45, Carioca 300V x Ouro and P24 x Ouro was amplified by RAPD. Line P45 has the Co.4 allele for resistance, and the Ouro cultivar has the Co.5 allele. The primer OPC08 amplified a DNA fragment of about 1059 bp linked to the Co.4 allele. The recombination frequency was 0.133 (SE = 0.039; 95% CI = 0.056-0.211. Using the primer OPF10 a DNA fragment of about 912 bp was amplified and found to be associated with the Co.5 allele. The recombination frequency was 0.115 (SE = 0.038; 95% CI = 0.041-0.189. A second marker (1122 pb amplified by the OPR03 primer was identified in the population P24 x Ouro. The recombination frequency for this marker was 0.363 (SE = 0.081; 95% CI = 0.205-0.522. Both these markers flanked the Co.5 allele. The markers identified in this study may be useful in identifying lines with the Co.4 and Co.5 alleles.Marcadores RAPD foram identificados próximos de alelos do feijão responsáveis pela resistência ao Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, visando auxiliar na seleção de plantas resistentes ao patógeno. Empregou-se o método dos bulks segregantes de DNA extraídos de plantas F2 dos seguintes cruzamentos: Carioca 300V x P45, Carioca 300V x Ouro e P24 x Ouro. A linhagem P45 é portadora do alelo Co.4 de resistência e o cultivar Ouro é portador do alelo Co.5, os quais foram marcados. Procedeu-se à reação RAPD dos bulks e foi identificado o iniciador OPC08 que amplificou um fragmento de DNA com cerca de 1059 pb, ligado ao alelo Co.4. A freqüência de recombinação foi de 0,133 (erro padrão 0,039 e o intervalo de confiança foi 0,056 e 0,211, com 95% de probabilidade. Em relação ao alelo Co.5 foi identificado um fragmento de DNA amplificado pelo iniciador OPF10 com cerca de 912 pb, na

Genetic diversity of wild and cultivated genotypes of pigeonpea through RAPD and SSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Walunjkar, Babasaheb C; Parihar, Akarsh; Singh, Nirbhay Kumar; Parmar, L D

2015-03-01

Eight wild and four cultivated pigeonpea genotypes were subjected to RAPD and microsatellite analysis, with 40 primers each. Out of these, eight RAPD and five SSR primers were found polymorphic. RAPD primers showed 100% polymorphism and produced a total of 517 DNA fragments, whereas SSR primers produced 67 fragments and they too showed 100% polymorphism. The RAPD markers revealed highest similarity co-efficient of 0.93 (GT-100 and ICPL-87), whereas the highest similarity co-efficient obtained with SSR markers was 1.00 (GTH-1 and GT-100). Average PIC value obtained with RAPD and SSR were 0.90 and 0.18, respectively. The arithmetic mean heterozygosity and marker index were 0.90 and 22.47 respectively with RAPD marker, whereas the corresponding values for SSR markers were 0.18 and 33.66. Moreover; the four wild genotypes (Cajanus scarabaeoides, Rhyncosia rufescence, Cajanus cajanifolius and Rhyncosia canna) and the four cultivars (GTH-1, GT-100, ICPL-87 and GT-1) grouped distinctly in the same subgroups of the dendrograms obtained with both RAPD and SSR analysis. Therefore, the findings of SSR supplement and validate the results obtained with RAPD analysis.

Estimativa da similaridade genética e identificação de cultivares do morangueiro por análise de RAPD Estimate of the genetic similarity and identification of strawberry cultivars by RAPD analysis

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José Henrique Conti

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Caracteres moleculares do morango foram avaliados para conhecer cultivares que estão sendo introduzidas no Brasil. Utilizou-se o método do polimorfismo de DNA amplificado ao acaso (RAPD. Os caracteres moleculares com maior poder de discriminação foram os "marcadores" gerados pelos "primers" Operon B8, Operon B19 e Operon G5, que foram eficientes para discriminar as vinte e seis cultivares estudadas. Os dados foram interpretados com o auxílio de dendograma, mapa de bandas, quadro de identificação e chave dicotômica. Foi possível distinguir seis grupos de similaridade, dois deles com cultivares selecionadas no Brasil, sendo um com 'Campinas', 'Agf 80', 'Piedade', 'Jundiaí' e 'Monte Alegre' e o outro com 'Obaira' e 'Mantiqueira'; três grupos com cultivares introduzidas, sendo o primeiro com 'Lassen', 'Reiko', 'Chandler', 'Pajaro', 'Blackmore' e 'Seascape', o segundo com 'Fern' e 'Oso Grande' e o terceiro com 'Florida Belle' e 'Selva' O último grupo reuniu as cultivares 'Dover' e 'Dabreak' junto com 'Princesa Isabel'.Strawberry cultivars introduced in Brazil were identified through molecular study. The method of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD was used. Molecular characters with larger discrimination power were produced by the primers Operon B8, Operon B19 and Operon G5. These were efficient to discriminate the twenty six studied cultivars. Data were analised through dendogram, bandmap, picture and dicotomic key. Six similarity groups were distinguished: Two with cultivars selected in Brazil, one with 'Campinas', 'Agf 80', 'Piedade', 'Jundiaí' and 'Monte Alegre' and the other with 'Obaira' and 'Mantiqueira'; three with introduced cultivars the first of which 'Lassen', 'Reiko', 'Chandler', 'Pajaro', 'Blackmore' and 'Seascape', the second with 'Fern' and 'Oso Grande' and the third with 'Florida Belle' and 'Selva'. The last group united the cultivars 'Dover' and 'Dabreak' with 'Princesa Isabel'.

RAPD and ISSR Methods Used for Fingerprinting of Selected Accessions of Viburnum

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Marcelina KRUPA-MAŁKIEWICZ

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR markers were used to investigate genetic variability within thirteen Viburnum species (Viburnum × hillieri; V. dilatatum; Viburnum × carlcephalum; V. opulus; V. hupehense; Viburnum× bodnantense; Viburnum × burkwoodii; V. sieboldii; Viburnum × globosum ‘Jermyns Globe’; V. alnifolium (lantanoides; V. plicatum ‘Sterile’; V. plicatum f. tomentosum and V. plicatum ‘Watanabe’ of wide geographical distribution, collected in the Dendrological Garden in Przelewice (the north-west part of Poland. Twenty-three RAPD and fourteen ISSR primers generated a total of 690 and 418 reproducible bands, respectively, and 39% (RAPD and 55.5% (ISSR of them were polymorphic for the two marker systems, which suggest high genetic variability within Viburnum genus. However, high numbers of genotype-specific bands, i.e. 60.9% (RAPD and 44.5% (ISSR, were seen in Viburnum. Genetic similarity assessed within Viburnum species with the RAPD and ISSR analyses ranged from 6 to 42% and from 6 to 31%, respectively. Both RAPD and ISSR-based dendrograms clustered in five main groups. The Mantel test between two Nei’s similarity matrices gave correlation coefficient r=0.305*, showing low correlation between RAPD- and ISSR- based matrices. Thus, both marker systems were equally important for the genetic diversity analysis in Viburnum genus.

Limitations of the RAPD technique in phylogeny reconstruction in Drosophila

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van de Zande, Louis; Bijlsma, R.

In this study the limitations of the RAPD technique for phylogenetic analysis of very closely related and less related species of Drosophila are examined. In addition, assumptions of positional homology of amplified fragments in different species are examined by cross-hybridization of RAPD

[Effect of BSA on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in plants].

Science.gov (United States)

Bian, Cai-Miao; Li, Jun-Min; Jin, Ze-Xin; Ge, Ming-Ju

2002-05-01

Using Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Heptacodium miconioides DNA as templates,the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on RAPD in plants was studied. The results showed that suitable concentrations of BSA used in Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Heptacodium miconioides RAPD were different, which were 0.6 microg/microl and 1 microg/microl, respectively. The inhibition of acetylated BSA on the amplification of plant RAPD could be relieved by BSA. BSA could reduce the dosage of Taq DNA polymerase.

Comparación entre 5 métodos para la extracción de ADN de Triatomíneos: su utilización en la técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD)

OpenAIRE

Fraga Nodarse, Jorge; Rodríguez, Jinnay; Fuentes, Omar; Castex, Mayda; Fernández-Calienes, Aymé

2004-01-01

Se evaluó la aplicabilidad de 5 protocolos útiles para la extracción del ADN genómico de Triatomíneos, y se describió el método del acetato de potasio modificado, como un método con el que se obtiene un alto rendimiento y pureza del ADN en el menor tiempo y costo, para su utilización como molde en la técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD [la cual es un método simple para detectar el polimorfismo genético del ADN]) y probablemente en otras técnicas moleculares basadas en la ampl...

Isozyme and RAPD studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. Velutina (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae

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Bessega Cecilia

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Allozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD techniques have been compared for their usefulness for genetic and taxonomic studies in Prosopis glandulosa and P. velutina populations. Isozymes and RAPDs yielded similarly high estimates of genetic variability. Genetic structure and differentiation were analyzed through non-hierarchical Wright's F DT. For all populations considered, both markers produced low gene flow (Nm 1, in agreement with that expected for conspecific populations. However, in RAPD data the expected reduction in F DT and the increase in Nm were not observed. Correlation between F DT and geographical distance matrices (Mantel test for all populations was significant (P = 0.02 when based on isozymes, but not so (P = 0.33 when based on RAPDs. No significant associations among genetic and geographical or climatic variables were observed. Two isoenzyme systems (GOT and PRX enabled us to distinguish between P. glandulosa and P. velutina, but no diagnostic band for recognition of populations or species studied here were detected by RAPD. However, RAPD markers showed higher values for genetic differentiation among conspecific populations of P. glandulosa and a lower coefficient of variation than those obtained from isozymes.

UMA ANÁLISE DO PROTOCOLO DNS E SUAS EXTENSÕES

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Paulo Renato Lopes Seixas

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O estudo do protocolo DNS (Domain Name System faz se necessário devido a sua grande importância para a estabilidade e confiança da internet que hoje conhecemos. O protocolo DNS nativo traz algumas vulnerabilidades intrínsecas em seu protocolo, tais como envenenamento de cache e impersonificação de servidores DNS. Hoje, temos uma extensão segura do protocolo DNS, denominado DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions, capaz de prover autenticidade nas requisições de DNS, garantindo assim a integridade dos pacotes DNS. Além desta extensão segura, existe outra denominada DNSCurve bem mais robusta porém consome mais recursos, devido todos os pacotes DNS utilizarem criptografia, desde sua origem até o destino.

Análisis de la capacidad del protocolo STDMA en redes inalámbricas multihop con variación de potencia y múltiples tasas de datos

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O. Somarriba

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Las redes inalámbricas multihop (MWN, por sus siglas en inglés son una tecnología prometedora para ofrecer comunicaciones en todas partes. Un tema importante para el estudio de estas redes es el diseño de los protocolos de control de acceso al medio (MAC, por sus siglas en inglés. Spatial TDMA (STDMA es un protocolo MAC libre de conflictos, y además permite la reutilización del espectro, sin embargo scheduling es requerido. En el STDMA orientado a enlaces, el schedule especifica cuando un conjunto de radio enlaces deberían ser activados. En muchas redes inalámbricas, la activación de enlaces simultáneos o reutilización es posible. Un schedule eficiente es crucial para el desempeño de la red. Este artículo estudia cómo utilizar las variables, potencia de transmisión variable y múltiples tasas de transmisión de datos, en las redes STDMA con adaptabilidad al tráfico, y la posible ganancia en capacidad expresada en términos de eficiencia (throughput. El uso de estas variables habilita a la red a adaptarse a cambios en el ambiente de comunicación, lo cual es importante para garantizar la calidad de servicio en estas redes. Los resultados muestran que estos parámetros, el ajuste de potencia y múltiples tasas de datos, son de suma importancia en el diseño del protocolo STDMA.

Comparative assessment of genetic diversity in Sesamum indicum L. using RAPD and SSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Dar, Aejaz Ahmad; Mudigunda, Sushma; Mittal, Pramod Kumar; Arumugam, Neelakantan

2017-05-01

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an ancient oilseed crop known for its nutty seeds and high-quality edible oil. It is an unexplored crop with a great economic potential. The present study deals with assessment of genetic diversity in the crop. Twenty two RAPD and 18 SSR primers were used for analysis of the 47 different sesame accessions grown in different agroclimatic zones of India. A total of 256 bands were obtained with RAPD primers, of which 191 were polymorphic. SSR primers gave 64 DNA bands, of which all of were polymorphic. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient of RAPD, SSR, and pooled RAPD and SSR data ranged from 0.510 to 0.885, 0.167 to 0.867, and 0.505 to 0.853, respectively. Maximum polymorphic information content was reported with SSRs (0.194) compared to RAPDs (0.186). Higher marker index was observed with RAPDs (1.426) than with SSRs (0.621). Similarly, maximum resolving power was found with RAPD (4.012) primers than with SSRs (0.884). The RAPD primer RPI-B11 and SSR primer S16 were the most informative in terms of describing genetic variability among the varieties under study. At a molecular level, the seed coat colour was distinguishable by the presence and absence of a group of marker amplicon/s. White and brown seeded varieties clustered close to each other, while black seeded varieties remained distanced from the cluster. In the present study, we found higher variability in Sesamum indicum L. using RAPD and SSR markers and these could assist in DNA finger printing, conservation of germplasm, and crop improvement.

Genetic similarity among strawberry cultivars assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers

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Rafael Gustavo Ferreira Morales

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Most strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne cultivars used in Brazil are developed in other countries, it became clear the need to start the strawberry breeding program in the country. To start a breeding program is necessary the genetic characterization of the germplasm available. Molecular markers are important tools that can be used for this purpose. The objectives of the present study were to assess the genetic similarity among 11 strawberry cultivars using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers and to indicate the possible promising crosses. The DNA of the eleven strawberry cultivars was extracted and amplified by PCR with RAPD and ISSR primers. The DNA fragments were separated in agarose gel for the RAPD markers and in polyacrylamide gel for the ISSR markers. The genetic similarity matrix was estimated by the Jaccard coefficient. Based on this matrix, the cultivars were grouped using the UPGMA method. The dendogram generated by the RAPD markers distributed the cultivars in three groups while the ISSR markers generated two groups. There was no direct relationship between the marker groups when the two types of markers were compared. The grouping proposed by the ISSR markers was more coherent with the origin and the genealogy of the cultivars than that proposed by the RAPD markers, and it can be considered the most efficient method for the study of genetic divergence in strawberry. The most promising crosses, based on the genetic divergence estimated from the RAPD and ISSR molecular data were between the Tudla and Ventana and the Oso Grande and Ventana cultivars, respectively.

Identification of Glomerella cingulata f. sp phaseoli recombinants by RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Camargo, O A; Souza, E A; Mendes-Costa, M C; Santos, J B; Soares, M A

2007-09-30

We examined the capacity of strains of Glomerella cingulata f. sp phaseoli fungus (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum sexual stage) to form recombinants, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Crosses of all possible combinations between strains 40, 42, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 were made on Petri dishes using M3 culture medium. The 42 x 21 cross produced the largest number of perithecia and five asci; the respective ascospores were isolated. RAPD analysis was performed on the parents and descendants. The 62 polymorphic RAPD bands obtained were used to assess the genetic similarity using the method of Sorence and Dice and clustering analysis in the form of a dendrogram by the UPGMA method. The RAPD markers allowed identification of recombinants from the cross between strains 42 and 21 of G. cingulata f. sp phaseoli and 40 ascospores presented 63 and 49% genetic similarity with parents 2 (strain 42) and 1 (strain 21), respectively.

[RAPD analysis of four species of Cuscuta in Shandong Province].

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Huibin; Lin, Jianqun; Lin, Jianqiang

2003-01-01

To explore the genome difference of four species of Cuscuta in different hosts. RAPD was used by 50 primers. Four species of genus Cuscuta can be identified by 8 primers. Both Cuscuta chinensis and C. australis from Subg. Grammica had 3 bands whose molecular weights were 1.3 kb, 1.45 kb and 1.53 kb respectively. C. japonica and C. lupuliformis from Subg. Monogyna had a 1.48 kb specific band. Cuscuta of same subgenus had similar RAPD result and close genetic relationship. Same species of Cuscuta in different hosts showed DNA polymorphism. It indicated that hosts can affect genome of Cuscuta to some extent. RAPD can be used to identify the species of Cuscuta or same Cuscuta in different hosts.

Análisis discursivo del protocolo en la prensa española

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Elena Borau Boira

2014-11-01

Full Text Available El protocolo, desde sus inicios, se ha ido adaptando a la gran transformación que ha ido experimentando nuestra sociedad y se ha modernizado hacia un mayor funcionalismo y practicidad para ir aportando las soluciones que la realidad va requiriendo. Un protocolo cada vez más simple y efectivo que ha ido dejando atrás la pompa y el boato de antaño. Aun así los medios de comunicación no reflejan esta realidad y siguen representando el protocolo como algo “anclado en el pasado”, casi como obsoleto. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es poner de manifiesto la negativa realidad que vive el protocolo en la prensa de nuestro país, para manifestar, en último término, la perjudicial influencia de esta representación para la imagen que esta disciplina tiene en nuestra sociedad. La representación que del protocolo hace la prensa es esencial para una correcta percepción del mismo. Tras llevar a cabo un riguroso análisis del discurso, se pondrán de manifiesto las negativas connotaciones del discurso del protocolo en la prensa, con sus desfavorables consecuencias para la percepción del mismo en la sociedad. En este artículo, por tanto, se reivindica la importancia del binomio protocolo-medios de comunicación, imprescindible para una buena gestión de la comunicación.

Genetic diversity of worldwide Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) germplasm as revealed by RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Wangsomnuk, P P; Khampa, S; Wangsomnuk, P; Jogloy, S; Mornkham, T; Ruttawat, B; Patanothai, A; Fu, Y B

2011-12-12

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a wild relative of the cultivated sunflower (H. annuus); it is an old tuber crop that has recently received renewed interest. We used RAPD markers to characterize 147 Jerusalem artichoke accessions from nine countries. Thirty RAPD primers were screened; 13 of them detected 357 reproducible RAPD bands, of which 337 were polymorphic. Various diversity analyses revealed several different patterns of RAPD variation. More than 93% of the RAPD variation was found within accessions of a country. Weak genetic differentiation was observed between wild and cultivated accessions. Six groups were detected in this germplasm set. Four ancestral groups were found for the Canadian germplasm. The most genetically distinct accessions were identified. These findings provide useful diversity information for understanding the Jerusalem artichoke gene pool, for conserving Jerusalem artichoke germplasm, and for choosing germplasm for genetic improvement.

Protocolo para ensaios físico-químicos de estabilidade de fitocosméticos

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V. L.B. ISAAC

2009-01-01

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A crescente demanda por produtos cosméticos estáveis, seguros e eficazes tem exigido da comunidade científica estudos cada vez mais complexos e utilização de técnicas mais eficientes para determinação da estabilidade dos produtos. O uso de ativos da biodiversidade brasileira levou ao desenvolvimento de inúmeros produtos, nas mais diferentes formas cosméticas, o que dificulta, ainda mais, a padronização de protocolos experimentais para atestar a estabilidade das preparações cosméticas. Embora não exista no Brasil um protocolo que padronize os ensaios a serem realizados para se determinar a estabilidade dos produtos, vários estudos foram realizados nos meios acadêmicos para determinação da estabilidade de matérias-primas específicas. As características reológicas são propriedades importantes a serem consideradas na fabricação, estocagem e aplicação de produtos de uso tópico. Além de ensaios comumente empregados, a determinação do comportamento reológico da formulação auxilia na avaliação da natureza físico-química do veículo, de tal forma que torna possível detectar sinais precoces de instabilidade física, possibilitando o controle de qualidade dos constituintes, das formulações teste e dos produtos finais. A análise térmica também é usada para auxiliar o estudo da estabilidade de produtos cosméticos e, de modo geral, a calorimetria exploratória diferencial para orientar o desenvolvimento de novos produtos. Outras ferramentas, como a fluorimetria e a granulometria a laser podem auxiliar o estudo e o desenvolvimento de sistemas, emulsionados ou não. O objetivo deste estudo é o desenvolvimento de protocolo para o estudo da estabilidade físico-química de fitocosméticos - sistemas contendo ativos da biodiversidade brasileira. Palavras-chave: biodiversidade brasileira

Potential rapd markers for population studies in tree legumes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez, S.M.; Ramasubramanian, T.; Mohankumar, S.

2011-01-01

RAPDs were quite efficient in bringing out the diversity at DNA level among non-edible legumes viz., Acacia nilotica, Adenanthera pavonina, Prosopis juliflora, Pithecolobium dulce, Clitoria ternatea and Pongamia pinnata. The RAPD primer index reveals the information content of the RAPD primer per se. Of the 82 primers tested, OPE 8, OPI 6, OPL 2, OPL 16, OPI 18, OPI 13, OPI 14, OPP 1, OPE 20 and OPI 4 with comparatively higher primer index were more informative and can be used for further DNA finger printing and population studies in tree legumes. CTAB protocol was found to be superior in isolating genomic DNA of good quality. The 260/280 ratios varied between 1.70 and 2.09. Though the genomic DNA isolated by potassium acetate method was found to be intact in 0.8% agarose gel, the yield was significantly lower than the modified CTAB method. (author)

AISLAMIENTO DE ADN GENÓMICO DE Myrciaria dubia (HBK “CAMU CAMU” APROPIADO PARA ANÁLISIS MOLECULARES

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Juan Castro Gómez

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Myrciaria dubia “camu-camu”, una especie nativa de la Amazonía que produce frutos con alto contenido de vitamina C y otras sustancias importantes. Sin embargo, los estudios moleculares de esta planta son escasos, por falta de un protocolo reproducible para purificar sus ácidos nucléicos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer un protocolo para aislar el ADN genómico a partir de hojas de M. dubia, apropiado para análisis moleculares. El ADN se purificó con un protocolo modificado, la calidad y cantidad se estimó por espectrofotometría y electroforesis en gel de agarosa. Adicionalmente, la calidad se evaluó mediante RAPD. El ratio de calidad (A260/A280 promedio del ADN fue 1.9±0.1 y el espectro de absorción UV/Vis presentó un único pico de máxima absorbancia a 260nm. Mediante electroforesis el ADN fue íntegro y sin ARN. También, la síntesis de amplicones RAPD nos sugiere ausencia de inhibidores para polimerasas. La concentración promedio del ADN fue 99±33 ng/ml y el rendimiento promedio fue 237±80 mg ADN/g hoja. En conclusión, se ha establecido un protocolo de aislamiento de ADN genómico a partir de hojas de Myrciaria dubia “camu camu”, caracterizado por permitirnos obtener ADN de alta calidad y cantidad suficiente para análisis moleculares como el RAPD.

Genetic relatedness of Brazilian Colletotrichum truncatum isolates assessed by vegetative compatibility groups and RAPD analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sant'Anna, Juliane R; Miyamoto, Cláudia T; Rosada, Lúcia J; Franco, Claudinéia C S; Kaneshima, Edilson N; Castro-Prado, Marialba A A

2010-01-01

The genetic variation among nine soybean-originating isolates of Colletotrichum truncatum from different Brazilian states was studied. Nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants were obtained with potassium chlorate and used to characterize vegetative compatibility reactions, heterokaryosis and RAPD profile. Based on pairings of nit mutants from the different isolates, five vegetative complementation groups (VCG) were identified, and barriers to the formation of heterokaryons were observed among isolates derived from the same geographic area. No complementation was observed among any of the nit mutants recovered from the isolate A, which was designed heterokaryon-self-incompatible. Based on RAPD analysis, a polymorphism was detected among the wild isolate C and their nit1 and NitM mutants. RAPD amplification, with five different primers, also showed polymorphic profiles among Brazilian C. truncatum isolates. Dendrogram analysis resulted in a similarity degree ranging between 0.331 and 0.882 among isolates and identified three RAPD groups. Despite the lack of a correlation between the RAPD analysis and the vegetative compatibility grouping, results demonstrated the potential of VCG analysis to differentiate C. truncatum isolates genotypically similar when compared by RAPD.

RAPD analysis of alfalfa DNA mutation via N+ implantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Yufeng; Huang Qunce; Yu Zengliang; Liang Yunzhang

2003-01-01

Germination capacity of alfalfa seeds under low energy N + implantation manifests oscillations going down with dose strength. From analyzing alfalfa genome DNA under low energy N + implantation by RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphous DNA), it is recommended that 30 polymorphic DNA fragments be amplified with 8 primers in total 100 primers, and fluorescence intensity of the identical DNA fragment amplified by RAPD is different between CK and treatments. Number of different polymorphic DNA fragments between treatment and CK via N + implantation manifests going up with dose strength

RAPD analysis of genetic variation in the Australian fan flower, Scaevola.

Science.gov (United States)

Swoboda, I; Bhalla, P L

1997-10-01

The use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) to study genetic variability in Scaevola (family Goodeniaceae), a native Australian species used in ornamental horticulture, is demonstrated. Plants of the genus Scaevola are commonly known as "fan flowers," due to the fan-like shape of the flowers. Nineteen accessions of Scaevola (12 cultivated and 7 wild) were studied using 20 random decamer arbitrary primers. Eight primers gave a distinct reproducible amplification profile of 90 scorable polymorphic fragments, enabling the differentiation of the Scaevola accessions. RAPD amplification of genomic DNA revealed a high genetic variability among the different species of Scaevola studied. Molecular markers were used to calculate the similarity coefficients, which were then used for determining genetic distances between each of the accessions. Based on genetic distances, a dendrogram was constructed. Though the dendrogram is in general agreement with the taxonomy, it also highlights discrepancies in the classification. The RAPD data showed that Scaevola aemula (series Pogogynae) is closer to Scaevola glandulifera of series Globuliferae than to the rest of members of series Pogogynae. In addition, the RAPD banding pattern of white flower S. aemula, one of the commercial cultivars, was identical to that of Scaevola albida, indicating their genetic similarity. Our study showed that there is a large genetic distance between commercial cultivars of Scaevola (Purple Fanfare, Pink Perfection, and Mauve Cluster), indicating considerable genetic variation among them. The use of RAPDs in intra- and inter-specific breeding of Scaevola is also explored.

Molecular performance of commercial MTG variety oil palm based on RAPD markers

Science.gov (United States)

Putri, L. A. P.; Setyo, I. E.; Basyuni, M.; Bayu, E. S.; Setiado, H.; Reynaldi, N. F.; Laia, H.; Puteri, S. A. K.; Arifiyanto, D.; Syahputra, I.

2018-02-01

The oil palm, an economically important tree in Indonesia, has been one of the world’s major sources of edible oil and a significant precursor of biodiesel fuel. This research is conducted by taking individual tree sample of commercial MTG variety germplasm oil palm one years old. The purpose of this research is to analyse molecular performance of some oil palm MTG variety based on RAPD markers. In this experiment, the DNA profile diversity was assessed using markers of oil palm’s random RAPD markers (OPD-20, SB-19, OPM-01 and OPO-11). A total of 15 trees commercial MTG oil palm variety were used for analysis. The results of the experiment indicated out of 4 RAPD markers (OPD-20, SB-19, OPM-01 and OPO-11) showed polymorphic of PCR product. These preliminary results demonstrated RAPD marker can be used to evaluate genetic relatedness among trees of commercial MTG variety oil palm and detecting either genetic variants or mislabelled.

Assessment of genetic diversity in okra (abelmoschus esculentus l.) using rapd markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haq, I.; Khan, A.A.; Azmat, M.A.

2013-01-01

Thirty nine okra genotypes were assessed for genetic variability using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Twenty polymorphic RAPD primers amplified 111 DNA fragments, with an average of 5.5 fragments per primer. Among 39 okra genotypes, 107 fragments (96%) were found to be polymorphic. The UPGMA cluster analysis placed okra genotypes into seven main clusters. Sabzpari 2001 and Acc. No. 019221 had shown maximum similarity (83%) while the minimum similarity (44.14%) was observed between the genotypes Punjab Selection and Acc. No. 019217. Thus, by using RAPD primers a considerable polymorphism appeared to exist, which showed genetic variability in the okra genotypes. (author)

Genetic relatedness of Brazilian Colletotrichum truncatum isolates assessed by vegetative compatibility groups and RAPD analysis

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JULIANE R SANT’ANNA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The genetic variation among nine soybean-originating isolates of Colletotrichum truncatum from different Brazilian states was studied. Nitrate non-utilizing (nit mutants were obtained with potassium chlorate and used to characterize vegetative compatibility reactions, heterokaryosis and RAPD profile. Based on pairings of nit mutants from the different isolates, five vegetative complementation groups (VCG were identified, and barriers to the formation of heterokaryons were observed among isolates derived from the same geographic area. No complementation was observed among any of the nit mutants recovered from the isolate A, which was designed heterokaryon-self-incompatible. Based on RAPD analysis, a polymorphism was detected among the wild isolate C and their nit1 and NitM mutants. RAPD amplification, with five different primers, also showed polymorphic profiles among Brazilian C. truncatum isolates. Dendrogram analysis resulted in a similarity degree ranging between 0.331 and 0.882 among isolates and identified three RAPD groups. Despite the lack of a correlation between the RAPD analysis and the vegetative compatibility grouping, results demonstrated the potential of VCG analysis to differentiate C. truncatum isolates genotypically similar when compared by RAPD.

Molecular characterization of Salmonella isolates by REP-PCR and RAPD analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Albufera, U; Bhugaloo-Vial, P; Issack, M I; Jaufeerally-Fakim, Y

2009-05-01

Eighteen Salmonella isolates from both human and food (non-human) sources (fish, meat, and poultry) were characterized using conventional culture methods, biochemical, serological, and molecular analyses. REP-PCR and RAPD produced DNA profiles for differentiation purposes. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC), repetitive extragenic palindronic (REP) and BOXAIR primers were selected for REP-PCR and two arbitrary primers, namely OPP-16 and OPS-11 were used for RAPD to generate DNA fingerprints from the Salmonella isolates. REP-PCR method showed greater discriminatory power in differentiating closely related strains of the related strains of Salmonella and produced more complex banding patterns as compared with RAPD. A dendogram was constructed with both sets of profiles using SPSS Version 13.0 computer software and showed that most human isolates were separately clustered from the non-human isolates. Two of the human isolates were closely related to some of the non-human isolates. A good correlation was also observed between the serogrouping of the O antigen and the molecular profiles obtained from REP-PCR and RAPD data of the Salmonella isolates. The results of a principal coordinate analysis (PCA) corresponded to the clustering in the dendrogram.

RAPD- and ERIC-Based Typing of Clinical and Environmental Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates.

Science.gov (United States)

Auda, Ibtesam Ghadban; Al-Kadmy, Israa M S; Kareem, Sawsan Mohammed; Lafta, Aliaa Khyuon; A'Affus, Mustafa Hussein Obeid; Khit, Ibrahim Abd Aloahd; Al Kheraif, Abdulaziz Abdullah; Divakar, Darshan Devang; Ramakrishnaiah, Ravikumar

2017-03-01

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of nosocomial infection in children and adults, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality due to its ability to acquire drug resistance. The ability of P. aeruginosa in the environment to cause infection in individuals has been reported previously; henceforth, surveillance of the emergence and transmission of P. aeruginosa strains among patients is important for infection control in a clinical setup. Various gene-typing methods have been used for epidemiological typing of P. aeruginosa isolates for the purpose of surveillance. In this work, the suitability and comparability of two typing methods, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR and random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR fingerprinting, were studied to characterize P. aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical and environmental sources. Forty-four clinical and environmental bacterial isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected between October 2015 and January 2016. DNA extraction, ERIC-PCR and RAPD-PCR, agarose gel electrophoresis, and phylogenetic analyses were carried using the unweighted pair-group method with mean. RAPD typing revealed less clonality among clinical isolates, whereas the ERIC method showed greater similarity in comparison with RAPD. Environmental isolates, however, showed greater similarity using RAPD compared with ERIC typing. With only a few exceptions, most clinical isolates were distinct from environmental isolates, irrespective of the typing method. In conclusion, both the RAPD and ERIC typing methods proved to be good tools in understanding clonal diversity. The results also suggest that there is no relationship between clinical and environmental isolates. The absence of clonality among the clinical isolates may indicate that most P. aeruginosa infection cases could be endemic and not epidemic and that endemic infections may be due to nonclonal strains of P. aeruginosa.

Genetic variability among 18 cultivars of cooking bananas and plantains by RAPD and ISSR markers

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YUYU SURYASARI POERBA

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Poerba YS, Ahmad F (2010 Genetic variability among 18 cultivars of cooking bananas and plantains by RAPD and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 11: 118-123. This study was done to assess the molecular diversity of 36 accessions (18 cultivars of the plantain and cooking bananas (Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana, AAB, ABB subgroups based on Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD and and Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR markers and to determine genetic relationships in the bananas. RAPD and ISSR fingerprinting of these banana varieties was carried out by five primers of RAPDs and two primers of ISSRs. RAPD primers produced 63 amplified fragments varying from 250 to 2500 bp in size. 96.82% of the amplification bands were polymorphic. ISSR primers produced 26 amplified fragments varying from 350 bp to 2000 bp in size. The results showed that 92.86% of the amplification bands were polymorphic. The range of genetic distance of 18 cultivars was from 0.06-0.67.

Risk assessment of cadmium-contaminated soil on plant DNA damage using RAPD and physiological indices

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Wan; Yang, Y.S.; Li, P.J.; Zhou, Q.X.; Xie, L.J.; Han, Y.P.

2009-01-01

Impact assessment of contaminants in soil is an important issue in environmental quality study and remediation of contaminated land. A random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) 'fingerprinting' technique was exhibited to detect genotoxin-induced DNA damage of plants from heavy metal contaminated soil. This study compared the effects occurring at molecular and population levels in barley seedlings exposed to cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil. Results indicate that reduction of root growth and increase of total soluble protein level in the root tips of barley seedlings occurred with the ascending Cd concentrations. For the RAPD analyses, nine 10-base pair (bp) random RAPD primers (decamers) with 60-70% GC content were found to produce unique polymorphic band patterns and subsequently were used to produce a total of 129 RAPD fragments of 144-2639 base pair in molecular size in the root tips of control seedlings. Results produced from nine primers indicate that the changes occurring in RAPD profiles of the root tips following Cd treatment included alterations in band intensity as well as gain or loss of bands compared with the control seedlings. New amplified fragments at molecular size from approximately 154 to 2245 bp appeared almost for 10, 20 and 40 mg L -1 Cd with 9 primers (one-four new polymerase chain reaction, (PCR) products), and the number of missing bands enhanced with the increasing Cd concentration for nine primers. These results suggest that genomic template stability reflecting changes in RAPD profiles were significantly affected and it compared favourably with the traditional indices such as growth and soluble protein level at the above Cd concentrations. The DNA polymorphisms detected by RAPD can be applied as a suitable biomarker assay for detection of the genotoxic effects of Cd stress in soil on plants. As a tool in risk assessment the RAPD assay can be used in characterisation of Cd hazard in soil

Genetic diversity of sesame (sesamum indicum L.) germplasm from Pakistan using RAPD markers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akbar, F; Rabbani, M A; Masood, M S; Shinwari, Z.K., E-mail: shinwari@qau.edu.p

2011-08-15

Genetic diversity among 20 sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions was examined at DNA level by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Ten primers used produced a total of 93 RAPD fragments, of which 70 (75%) were polymorphic. Each primer generated 5 to 17 amplified fragments with an average of 9.3 bands per primer. Based on pair-wise comparisons of RAPD amplification products, Nei and Li's similarity coefficients were computed to assess the associations among the accessions. Pair-wise similarity indices varied from 0.65 to 0.91. A UPGMA cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities located most of the accessions far apart from one another, showing a high level of polymorphism. Genetically, all the genotypes were classified into two major groups and six subgroups or clusters. A single accession (22243) was relatively distinct from rest of the accessions and created independent cluster. In conclusion, even with the use of a limited set of primers, RAPD technique revealed a high level of genetic variation among sesame accessions collected from diverse ecologies of Pakistan. This high level of genetic diversity among the genotypes suggested that RAPD technique is valuable for sesame systematic, and can be helpful for the upholding of germplasm banks and the competent choice of parents in breeding programs. (author)

Genetic diversity of sesame (sesamum indicum L.) germplasm from Pakistan using RAPD markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akbar, F; Rabbani, M.A.; Masood, M.S.; Shinwari, Z.K.

2011-01-01

Genetic diversity among 20 sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions was examined at DNA level by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Ten primers used produced a total of 93 RAPD fragments, of which 70 (75%) were polymorphic. Each primer generated 5 to 17 amplified fragments with an average of 9.3 bands per primer. Based on pair-wise comparisons of RAPD amplification products, Nei and Li's similarity coefficients were computed to assess the associations among the accessions. Pair-wise similarity indices varied from 0.65 to 0.91. A UPGMA cluster analysis based on these genetic similarities located most of the accessions far apart from one another, showing a high level of polymorphism. Genetically, all the genotypes were classified into two major groups and six subgroups or clusters. A single accession (22243) was relatively distinct from rest of the accessions and created independent cluster. In conclusion, even with the use of a limited set of primers, RAPD technique revealed a high level of genetic variation among sesame accessions collected from diverse ecologies of Pakistan. This high level of genetic diversity among the genotypes suggested that RAPD technique is valuable for sesame systematic, and can be helpful for the upholding of germplasm banks and the competent choice of parents in breeding programs. (author)

New method for early detection of two random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD groups of Staphylococcus aureus causing bovine mastitis infection in Paraná State, Brazil

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Dicezar Gonçalves

2010-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work was to develop a fast and accurate molecular approach to allow early detection of two RAPD groups of S. aureus causing bovine mastitis. Seventy five S. aureus isolates from infected animals were characterized by RAPD. Genomic fragments isolated from the unique bands present in either group were cloned and sequenced. Based on the DNA sequences, specific primers were designed to allow for the simultaneous detection of either group by multiplex PCR of S. aureus DNA isolated from clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis. Results showed that these proposed primers set could be used to detect various clinical and subclinical S. aureus isolates as well as the detection of the microorganism in bulk milk. Their use as a specific method for effective and early diagnostic tool for S. aureus infection in dairy herds is suggested.Esta pesquisa objetivou o desenvolvimento de técnica rápida e eficiente para diagnosticar precocemente diferentes linhagens de S. aureus causadoras de mastite bovina. Como resultados da metodologia empregada, foram isoladas duas linhagens destas bactérias que causam diferentes tipos de mastite bovina. Os fragmentos de DNA genômico caracterizando ambas as linhagens, por meio de RAPD foram inseridos em vetor plasmidial pGEM e clonados por meio de clones T10 F1 de Escherichia coli. As seqüências obtidas permitiram desenhar iniciadores específicos para o reconhecimento de ambas as linhagens, os quais foram testados com amostras de S. aureus e com outras linhagens próximas. O diagnóstico por meios moleculares, pode ser realizado diretamente de amostras coletadas de rebanhos leiteiros assim como dos equipamentos de ordenha. A significância deste estudo consiste em um rápido e acurado método para localizar animais infectados, representando importante ferramenta no manejo do rebanho, na redução de custos com tratamentos e, rápida recuperação de rebanhos infectados.

Genetic diversity of Phytophthora sojae isolates in Heilongjiang Province in China assessed by RAPD and EST-SSR

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, J. J.; Xu, P. F.; Liu, L. J.; Wang, J. S.; Lin, W. G.; Zhang, S. Z.; Wei, L.

Random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and EST-SSR markers were used to estimate the genetic relationship among thirty-nine P.sojae isolates from three locations in Heilongjiang Province, and nine isolates from Ohio in America were made as reference strains. 10 of 50 RAPD primers and 5 of 33 EST-SSR were polymorphic across 48 P.sojae isolates. Similarity values among P.sojae isolates were from 49% to 82% based on the RAPD data. The similarities based on EST-SSR markers ranged from 47% to 85%. The genetic diversity revealed by EST-SSR marker analysis was higher than that obtained from RAPD. The similarity matrices for the SSR data and the RAPD data were moderately correlated (r = 0.47). Genetic similarity coefficients were also relatively lower, which demonstrated complicated genetic background within each location. The high similarity values range revealed the ability of RAPD/EST-SSR markers to distinguish even among morphological similar phytophthora.

Evaluation of genetic diversity in Piper spp using RAPD and SRAP markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Y; Liu, J-P

2011-11-29

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis were applied to 74 individual plants of Piper spp in Hainan Island. The results showed that the SRAP technique may be more informative and more efficient and effective for studying genetic diversity of Piper spp than the RAPD technique. The overall level of genetic diversity among Piper spp in Hainan was relatively high, with the mean Shannon diversity index being 0.2822 and 0.2909, and the mean Nei's genetic diversity being 0.1880 and 0.1947, calculated with RAPD and SRAP data, respectively. The ranges of the genetic similarity coefficient were 0.486-0.991 and 0.520-1.000 for 74 individual plants of Piper spp (the mean genetic distance was 0.505 and 0.480) and the within-species genetic distance ranged from 0.063 to 0.291 and from 0.096 to 0.234, estimated with RAPD and SRAP data, respectively. These genetic indices indicated that these species are closely related genetically. The dendrogram generated with the RAPD markers was topologically different from the dendrogram based on SRAP markers, but the SRAP technique clearly distinguished all Piper spp from each other. Evaluation of genetic variation levels of six populations showed that the effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity and the Shannon information index within Jianfengling and Diaoluoshan populations are higher than those elsewhere; consequently conservation of wild resources of Piper in these two regions should have priority.

Protocolos de Descubrimiento de Servicio

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José G Palacio Velásquez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen:Los servicios se pueden definir como aplicaciones que se encuentran disponibles para que otras aplicaciones llamadas clientes pueden hacer usos de las funciones de dicho servidor, para la comunicación con dichos servidores se hace necesario que los clientes sepan cuáles de los equipos que se encuentran disponibles brindan servicios y cual servicio brinda cada uno, esto exige la configuración del cliente para que este puede realizar la comunicación con el respectivo servidor. Este tipo de configuración exige conocer que servicios se están brindando en la red y quien los brinda, pero qué sucede si los clientes no saben quiénes son los servidores y peor aún qué sucedería si los clientes no saben qué servicios se están prestando, en este caso aparecen unos sistemas que permiten descubrir qué servicios se encuentran disponibles en una red. Los protocolos de descubrimiento de servicios están pensados precisamente para poder llevar a cabo estas actividades, buscando generar redes que se configuren de manera automática. Protocolos como el SDP usado por el sistema Bluetooth, Jini de Sun Microsystem, Universal Plug and Play de Microsoft son ejemplos claros de dichos protocolos, los cuales abarcaremos en este artículo.Palabras claves:Protocolos de Descubrimiento de Servicios, Bluetooth, Jini, UPnP, Salutation, SDP, SLP, SSDP, TCP/IP, RMI, JVM, RPC, HTTPU, HTTPMU.Abstract:The services can be defined as applications that are available for other applications called customers can use the functions of a server, for communicating with those servers is necessary for customers to know which of the teams that provide services are available and what each service provides, this requires client configuration so that this can make communication with the respective server. This configuration requires knowing what services are being provided on the network and who offers them, but what happens if customers do not know who the servers and even

RAPD-PCR – still a suitable Method for Genetically Underexplored Species?

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Konstanze Ursula Behrmann

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Saithe (Pollachius virens is a commercially important fish species; the annual catch quota in the Northeast Atlantic exceeds 100.000 t. Despite that saithe is underexplored from a fish population genetically view. Because saithe is a highly migratory species, which undergoes a long larval drift, the population structure of saithe within the Northeast Atlantic is not fully understood. Models used as a basis for the management plan are based on tagging studies, which have been carried out in the 1960th. But still there are doubts regarding the numbers of stocks living in the Northeast Atlantic. Migration routes are affected by salmon farming, growing steadily from the 1990th. In the last years a hyperstability of the saithe stock in the North Sea had been detected underlining the need to have a closer look on the saithe stocks in the Northeast Atlantic. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD - PCR is a DNA fingerprinting technique often used in species identification and population genetic research for species, whose genome has not been sequenced very extensive as being the case for most of the food fishes. We applied RAPD-PCR in a study of saithe populations from the North Atlantic. The suitability of RAPD-PCR was improved by optimisations for enhanced reproducibility. The “classical” protocol for RAPD-PCR was modified by increasing the annealing temperature and shortening the time of annealing, providing a much better reproducibility. Thus, RAPD-PCR was found to be a straightforward and low-cost way, compared to other population genetic tools, to get a first insight into the population structure of less sequenced fish species within a very short time, being useful for preliminary studies or laboratories without large capacities for DNA sequencing.

using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

To study the pattern of genetic diversity in 45 genotypes of common bean, 19 RAPD primers were used. Of 253 bands produced, 236 bands (94.22%) were polymorphic in which maximum number (20 polymorphic bands) were observed in the profiles of the primer OPB-07. Highest PIC value (0.79) was observed for the ...

Assessment of genetic diversity in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) germplasm using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Shubhangi; Kumar, Pankaj; Gambhir, Geetika; Kumar, Ramesh; Srivastava, D K

2018-01-01

The importance of germplasm characterization is an important link between the conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources in various breeding programmes. In the present study, genetic variability and relationships among 25 Lactuca sativa L. genotypes were tested using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers. A total of 45 random decamer oligonucleotide primers were examined to generate RAPD profiles, out of these reproducible patterns were obtained with 22 primers. A total of 87 amplicon were obtained, out of which all were polymorphic and 7 were unique bands. The level of polymorphism across genotypes was 100% as revealed by RAPD. Genetic similarity matrix, based on Jaccard's coefficients ranged from 13.7 to 84.10% indicating a wide genetic base. Dendrogram was constructed by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages method. RAPD technology could be useful for identification of different accessions as well as assessing the genetic similarity among different genotypes of lettuce. The study reveals the limited genetic base and the needs to diversify using new sources from the germplasm.

Genetic variation in Phoca vitulina (the harbour seal) revealed by DNA fingerprinting and RAPDs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kappe, A.L.; van de Zande, L.; Vedder, E.J.; Bijlsma, R.; van Delden, Wilke

Genetic variation in two harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) populations from the Dutch Wadden Sea and Scotland was examined by RAPD analysis and DNA fingerprinting. For comparison a population of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) was studied. The RAPD method revealed a very low number of polymorphic bands.

Evaluación del retardo de los protocolos de ruteo reactivos para redes Manet

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Matías Martínez

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Las redes inalámbricas han tenido un gran impacto en la industria y en los ámbitos académicos. Las MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork agregan a las limitaciones de las redes inalámbricas características de movilidad, debido a esto, mantener la QoS (Quality of Service en este tipo de redes se hace imposible implementando los modelos tradicionales. Una característica importante que deben poseer los protocolos de ruteo para MANETs es que deben poder adaptarse rápidamente a lo cambios continuos de la red, con el fin de mantener las rutas entre los nodos que se están comunicando. Un protocolo de ruteo con capacidades de administrar las necesidades de QoS de las aplicaciones debería intentar establecer una ruta que satisficiese los requisitos de ancho de banda, retardo, jitter, etc. Inicialmente los protocolos reactivos serían más interesantes debido a su menor uso de recursos de red. En este trabajo se presentan resultados de simulaciones obtenidos con los protocolos bajo demanda AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector y DSR (Dynamic Source Routing. La elección se debe a que estos dos protocolos son los más conocidos dentro de los protocolos reactivos y son ampliamente utilizados como referencia para la comparación con las nuevas propuestas.

Genetic variation between susceptible and non-susceptible snails to Schistosoma infection using random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPDs Variação genética entre moluscos susceptíveis e não susceptíveis à infecção pelo Schistosoma através da análise do DNA polimórfico amplificado aleatóriamente (RAPDs

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Abdel-Hamid Zaki ABDEL-HAMID

1999-09-01

Full Text Available Susceptibility of snails to infection by certain trematodes and their suitability as hosts for continued development has been a bewildering problem in host-parasite relationships. The present work emphasizes our interest in snail genetics to determine what genes or gene products are specifically responsible for susceptibility of snails to infection. High molecular weight DNA was extracted from both susceptible and non-susceptible snails within the same species Biomphalaria tenagophila. RAPD was undertaken to distinguish between the two types of snails. Random primers (10 mers were used to amplify the extracted DNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE and silver staining. The results suggest that RAPD represents an efficient means of genome comparison, since many molecular markers were detected as genetic variations between susceptible and non-susceptible snails.A susceptibilidade de moluscos à infecção por certos trematódeos e a sua capacidade como hospedeiro para o contínuo desenvolvimento é o problema mais deslumbrante nas relações parasita hospedeiro. O presente trabalho, focaliza nosso interesse na genética dos moluscos para determinar quais genes ou produtos gênicos são especificamente responsáveis pela susceptibilidade do molusco à infecção. DNA de alto peso molecular, foi extraído de ambos moluscos susceptíveis e não susceptíveis da espécie Biomphalaria tenagophila. Iniciadores aleatórios com 10 pares de bases foram usados na amplificação aleatória (RAPD de ambos os DNAs e análise por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida e coloração com prata. Os resultados mostram que a amplificação aleatória do DNA representa um eficiente caminho para a comparação dos genomas desde que marcadores moleculares foram detectados como variantes genéticos entre os moluscos susceptíveis e não susceptíveis.

Genetic diversity characterization of cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz.: I RAPD markers

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Colombo Carlos

1998-01-01

Full Text Available RAPD markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity of 31 Brazilian cassava clones. The results were compared with the genetic diversity revealed by botanical descriptors. Both sets of variates revealed identical relationships among the cultivars. Multivariate analysis of genetic similarities placed genotypes destinated for consumption "in nature" in one group, and cultivars useful for flour production in another. Brazil?s abundance of landraces presents a broad dispersion and is consequently an important resource of genetic variability. The botanical descriptors were not able to differentiate thirteen pairs of cultivars compared two-by-two, while only one was not differentiated by RAPD markers. These results showed the power of RAPD markers over botanical descriptors in studying genetic diversity, identifying duplicates, as well as validating, or improving a core collection. The latter is particularly important in this vegetatively propagated crop.

Protocolo Multiprofissional em cirúrgia bariátrica e metabólica com ênfase em fisioterapia

OpenAIRE

Nassif, Denise Serpa Bopp

2011-01-01

Resumo: OBJETIVOS: 1) criar base teórica de dados clínicos referentes a multiprofissionalidade em Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica; 2) informatizar a base teórica dos dados transformando-os em protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional; 3) implantar a base teórica de dados clínicos no protocolo mestre e confeccionar o protocolo específico; 4) incorporar a base de dados ao SINPE©; 5) aplicar o protocolo eletrônico específico de Fisioterapia em Cirurgia Bariátrica e Metabólica; 6) analisar e compar...

Conversion of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Conversion of the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker UBC#116 linked to Fusarium crown and root rot resistance gene (Frl) into a co-dominant sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker for marker-assisted selection of tomato.

La empresa familiar, el protocolo y la sucesión familiar

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Henry Antonio Arenas Cardona

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se abordan las percepciones que tienen las empresas familiares, expertos, entidades y gremios del Valle de Aburrá (Colombia respecto al protocolo y la sucesión familiar. El trabajo corresponde a una investigación de tipo exploratoria que permite evidenciar que las familias empresarias tienen temor a realizar el protocolo familiar, debido principalmente a su desconocimiento acerca del tema. Se pretende entonces sensibilizar a empresarios, estudiantes universitarios, investigadores, y a la sociedad ̃ en general, del importante papel que desempenan las empresas familiares en la actividad económica como generadoras de riqueza y empleo, una herramienta importante para su perdurabilidad, continuidad y formalización es el protocolo familiar © 2013 Universidad ICESI. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados.

El necesario protocolo en la comunicación organizacional

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Julio César Herrero

2012-04-01

Full Text Available El protocolo se ha convertido en una herramienta estratégica de comunicación de las empresas, tanto a nivel interno y corporativo como en su proyección externa. El protocolo se encuentra también entre una de las posibles acciones estratégicas para reforzar la reputación corporativa. Este trabajo examina cómo los actos comunican, trasladan la imagen y estilo y responsabilidad social corporativa de una organización, permiten la interrelación con los stakeholders y generan experiencia, superando algunas de las acciones tradicionales de comunicación en el ámbito empresarial y/o institucional.

RAPD study on some common species of Porphyra in China

Science.gov (United States)

Kuang, Mei; Wang, Su-Juan; Li, Yao; Shen, Da-Leng; Zeng, Cheng-Kui

1998-03-01

RAPD analysis of seven samples of five Porphyra species, P haitanensis (three samples of cultured population), P. katadai var. hemiphylla, P. oligospermatangia, P. suborbiculata and P. yezoensis, showed the closest relationship existing among the three cultured populations of P. haitanensis. The genetic distance between P. haitanensis and P. oligospermatangia was the same as that between P. haitanensis and P. suborbiculata, both were 0.9. The genetic distances, among the other species of Porphyra ranged from 0.7 to 0.8. UPGMA analysis showed P. suborbiculata and P. yezoensis belong to another lineage. Results of this study suggests that RAPD analysis is effective at population level.

Use of RAPD and PCR double amplification in the study of ancient DNA

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F. Balzano

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This project analysed the DNA extracted from bones of ancient sheep which have been brought to light in Sardinian different archaeological sites. In order to better analyse this highly fragmented DNA, a double amplification technique was chosen. The first approach consisted of RAPD-PCR abd the second one in classic PCR. The RAPD-PCR amplified random fragments and allowed the production of numerous amplicons. The products of RAPD amplification have been amplified, more specifically, by the second PCR using primers for a sequence of 176 bp of mitochondrial D-loop region. These DNA fragments have been sequenced and the sequence analysis has confirmed that it belonged to Ovis aries. Consequently, this provedure can be considered a valid tool to perform amplification of degraded DNA, such as ancient DNA.

Development of RAPD-SCAR markers for different Ganoderma species authentication by improved RAPD amplification and molecular cloning.

Science.gov (United States)

Fu, J J; Mei, Z Q; Tania, M; Yang, L Q; Cheng, J L; Khan, M A

2015-05-25

The sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) is a valuable molecular technique for the genetic identification of any species. This method is mainly derived from the molecular cloning of the amplified DNA fragments achieved from the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). In this study, we collected DNA from 10 species of Ganoderma mushroom and amplified the DNA using an improved RAPD technique. The amplified fragments were then cloned into a T-vector, and positive clones were screened, indentified, and sequenced for the development of SCAR markers. After designing PCR primers and optimizing PCR conditions, 4 SCAR markers, named LZ1-4, LZ2-2, LZ8-2, and LZ9-15, were developed, which were specific to Ganoderma gibbosum (LZ1-4 and LZ8-2), Ganoderma sinense (LZ2-2 and LZ8-2), Ganoderma tropicum (LZ8-2), and Ganoderma lucidum HG (LZ9-15). These 4 novel SCAR markers were deposited into GenBank with the accession Nos. KM391935, KM391936, KM391937, and KM391938, respectively. Thus, in this study we developed specific SCAR markers for the identification and authentication of different Ganoderma species.

Characterization of Boerhavia diffusa L. mutant lines by RAPD and isozyme, selected for agronomically valuable traits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shukla, N.; Sangwan, N.S.; Misra, H.O.; Sangwan, R.S.

2004-01-01

Boerhavia diffusa is a medicinally important plant and finds extensive uses in traditional herbal drug preparations. For the development of improved varieties in terms of superior yield and quality of herb/root of B. diffusa, mutation breeding was attempted. Mutants generated by physical and chemical mutagenic treatments were screened for yield and quality parameters of the root/herb up to three consecutive generations. The selected-screened lines generated by physical and chemical mutagenic treatments on two selected genotypes I and II were molecularly analyzed using eight isozymes and eleven RAPD primers producing good amplification. Mutants from BD10 (selected genotype I) were distinct, while, in case of BD22 (selected genotype II), only one mutant BDMu7 was recorded distinct by isozyme analysis. The wild mutant (BDMu16, with maximum height and mouve coloured flower) was distinct in RAPD banding pattern. Isozymes differentiated the mutants from their respective controls, whereas RAPD differentiated the mutants and controls and also distinguished the mutants. The RAPD analysis was found to be better suited than isozymes for detecting genetic differences among controls and their mutants. However, both RAPD and isozyme analyses gave similar patterns of genetic relationships [it

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers reveal genetic ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The present study evaluated genetic variability of superior bael genotypes collected from different parts of Andaman Islands, India using fruit characters and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Genomic DNA extracted from leaf material using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method was ...

Caracterização molecular de butiazeiro por marcadores RAPD Molecular characterization of Pindo palm by RAPD markers

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Adrise Medeiros Nunes

2008-09-01

Full Text Available O grupo botânico Arecaceae é de extremo interesse por compreender plantas em extinção e por apresentar um grande potencial de exploração econômica. O butiazeiro (Butia capitata (Mart. Becc. ocorre naturalmente no Sul do Brasil. Sua caracterização molecular é de extremo interesse para futuros trabalhos de melhoramento genético. Assim sendo, verificou-se a variabilidade genética existente entre vinte e dois genótipos de butiazeiro da espécie (Butia capitata, pertencentes ao BAG (Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de frutíferas nativas do Centro Agropecuário da Palma - UFPel. Esses genótipos foram analisados usando marcadores do tipo RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Um total de 136 fragmentos foram obtidos, sendo 77 polimórficos. O primer OPA11 apresentou maior polimorfismo, produzindo 9 perfis diferentes. A análise de agrupamento, realizada pelo método UPGMA, produziu um dendrograma que permitiu a clara separação dos genótipos em dois grupos principais. Verificou-se que, com a técnica de marcadores de RAPD, foi possível obter um perfil molecular único e uma estimativa da variabilidade existente entre os genótipos de butiazeiro avaliados.The study of the botanical group Arecaceae is of extreme interest for evolving several endangered species of plants and for presenting a great potential of economical exploration. The Pindo palm (or wine palm, jelly palm (Butia capitata (Mart. Becc. is natural from the south of Brazil. Its molecular characterization is of extreme interest for future researches of genetic improvement. Since little is known about the variability of the species, the existent genetic variability was verified among twenty-two genotypes of Pindo palm (or wine palm, jelly palm, from BAG (Germoplasm Assets Bank of fruit trees native from the Agricultural Center of the Palma - UFPEL, which were analyzed using markers RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA with Operon Technologies' decamers primers. With 21 primers

Protocolo de obtención de líneas base

OpenAIRE

González Pérez, María del Carmen

2016-01-01

Existe una necesidad de evaluar la eficiencia energética de los edificios, pero se carece de un protocolo o guía que ayude a las distintas empresas y organizaciones al cálculo de un modelo a partir del que poder obtener dicha eficiencia. Es por ello que el objetivo principal de este proyecto es desarrollar un protocolo para la obtención de líneas base así como aplicarla a un sector que a día de hoy está desatendido, el residencial. La línea base que se obtiene es un modelo de temperatura i...

Protocolo de actuación psicológica ante IMV.

OpenAIRE

Fernández Mariño, Silvia

2014-01-01

Se ha realizado la propuesta de un protocolo de actuación psicológica ante un incidente con múltiples víctimas. Este protocolo está orientado a proporcionar una guía de intervención para los profesionales de la salud mental en el caso de que se produzca un IMV en Asturias. Para ello, se han estudiado los primeros auxilios psicológicos, considerados como una respuesta, cuyo objetivo es proporcionar ayuda y apoyo prácticos a los afectados. Están compuestos de seis actitudes y seis acciones fun...

RAPD-PCR na identificação molecular de plantas medicinais regulamentadas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil | RAPD-PCR in molecular identification of medicinal plants regulated by the Unified Health System in Brazil

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José Luiz Neves Aguiar

2015-08-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento de metodologia altamente discriminatória para a identificação e caracterização de genótipos das espécies de plantas medicinais regulamentadas pelo sistema público de saúde brasileiro (SUS é de suma importância para o controle de qualidade destas espécies como matérias-primas na produção de medicamentos fitoterápicos, consequentemente, minimizar o risco sanitário associado à ineficácia terapêutica devido ao uso de matéria prima de identidade duvidosa. Por isto, foi utilizado o método RAPD-PCR para a elaboração de um perfil genético de três espécies de plantas medicinais regulamentadas pelo SUS do Brasil: Mikania glomerata, Maytenus ilicifolia e Schinus terebinthifolius, a partir de exemplares destas plantas, que foram cedidas pela Coleção Temática de Plantas Medicinais do Instituto de Pesquisas do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Os 60 iniciadores utilizados no RAPD-PCR com o DNA das três espécies geraram 1284 produtos amplificados que variaram de 100-1500 pb. Foram selecionados cinco iniciadores que geraram no total 76 fragmentos entre 200-1100 pb com astrês espécies, sendo os iniciadores OPG18, OPA7 e OPG17 para a Mikania glomerata, os iniciadores OPG20, OPC13 e OPA11 para a Maytenus ilicifolia e OPA4, OPA18 e OPG14 para a Schinus terebinthifolius e os iniciadores OPA17 e OPC6 para as três espécies. Os perfis resultantes permitiram a identificação eficiente das espécies. Foram identificados iniciadores que geraram um único fragmento que poderão servir para desenhar um iniciador específico, que poderá ser usado na identificação da planta em produtos como monofarmacos e associações. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Development of a highly discriminatory method for the identification of genotypes and species of medicinal plants regulated by the Brazilian public health system (SUS is of paramount importance for the

Biochemical and genetic variation of some Syrian wheat varieties using NIR, RAPD and AFLPs techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saleh, B.

2012-01-01

This study was performed to assess chemical components and genetic variability of five Syrian wheat varieties using NIR, RAPD and AFLP techniques. NIR technique showed that Cham6 was the best variety in term of wheat grain quality due to their lowest protein (%), hardness, water uptake and baking volume and the highest starch (%) compared to the other tested varieties. PCR amplifications with 21 RAPD primers and 13 AFLP PCs primer combinations gave 104 and 466 discernible loci of which 24 (18.823%) and 199 (45.527%) were polymorphic for the both techniques respectively. Our data indicated that the three techniques gave similar results regarding the degree of relatedness among the tested varieties. In the present investigation, AFLP fingerprinting was more efficient than the RAPD assay. Where the letter exhibited lower Marker Index (MI) average (0.219) compared to AFLP one (3.203). The pattern generated by RAPD, AFLPs markers or by NIR separated the five wheat varieties into two groups. The first group consists of two subclusters. The first subcluster involved Cham8 and Bohous6, while the second one includes Cham6 that is very closed to precedent varieties. The second group consists of Bohous9 and Cham7 that were also closely related. Based on this study, the use of NIR, RAPD and AFLP techniques could be a powerful tool to detect the effectiveness relationships of these technologies. (author)

Comparative evaluation of genetic diversity using RAPD, SSR and ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, 2Ranichauri Hill Campus, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture ... Comparison of RAPD, SSR and cytochrome P450 gene based markers, in terms of the ...... project programme.

Implicaciones del protocolo de Madrid en el derecho marcario de la comunidad andina de naciones

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Edwin Jesith Bernal Ramírez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El Protocolo de Madrid de 27 de junio de 1989 es una herramienta útil para el registro internacional de marcas, pues es evidente que los países miembros del Protocolo tienen ventajas comparativas respecto a los otros que no son parte, esto en relación con el mejoramiento de la protección internacional de sus marcas. El artículo académico muestra de manera somera el procedimiento, las ventajas y desventajas del Protocolo de Madrid y su respectivo impacto en la Comunidad Andina de Naciones.

Impactos do Protocolo de Cartagena sobre o Comércio de Commodities Agrícolas

OpenAIRE

Borges, Izaías de Carvalho; Silveira, Jose Maria Ferreira Jardim da; Vieira Filho, José Eustáquio; Pereira, Andrea M.

2015-01-01

O Protocolo de Cartagena sobre Biossegurança é um acordo ambiental que agrega 132 países. O Protocolo tem impactos sobre o comércio de commodities agrícolas, porque estabelece regras para o transporte entre fronteiras de organismos vivos modificados (OVMs). O Artigo 18.2(a) do Protocolo refere-se às formas de identificação dos OVMs nos carregamentos de commodities agrícolas. O fato de que os principais países exportadores de grãos também sejam produtores de cultivares geneticamente modificado...

RAPD analysis of Nectomys squamipes (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae populations

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Almeida Francisca C.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Random amplified of polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis was used to assess genetic distance and the genetic structure of populations of Nectomys squamipes, a semiaquatic rodent species distributed along watercourses. DNA samples of five populations were analyzed using three primers, producing 45 scorable bands, 31 of which were polymorphic. There was a significant differentiation among populations [F ST = 0.17; phiST = 0.14 (P < 0.004] but gene flow (Nm = 1.25 was sufficient to overcome genetic drift effects. No fixed specific markers were found for any population. The Mantel's test and UPGMA cluster analysis showed a lack of relationship between genetic and geographic distances. The apparent homogeneity indicated by RAPD markers coincided with morphometric data, despite the wide geographic range of N. squamipes. Alternative hypotheses for explaining our results include recurrent processes of local extinction and recolonization or a recent and sudden increase in the geographic distribution of this species.

Assessing the germplasm of Laminaria (phaeophyceae) with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method

Science.gov (United States)

He, Yingjun; Zou, Yuping; Wang, Xiaodong; Zheng, Zhiguo; Zhang, Daming; Duan, Delin

2003-06-01

Eighteen gametophytes including L. japonica, L. ochotensis and L. longissima, were verified with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Eighteen ten-base primers were chosen from 100 primers selected for final amplification test. Among the total of 205 bands amplified, 181 (88.3%) were polymorphic. The genetic distance among different strains ranged from 0.072 to 0.391. The dendrogram constructed by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic (UPGMA) method showed that the female and male gametophytes of the same cell lines could be grouped in pairs respectively. It indicated that RAPD analysis could be used not only to distinguish different strains of Laminaria, but also to distinguish male and female gametophyte within the same cell lines. There is ambiguous systematic relationship if judged merely by the present data. It seems that the use of RAPD marker is limited to elucidation of the phylogenetic relationship among the species of Laminaria.

Molecular heterogeneity of Malassezia pachydermatis through RAPD-PCR = Heterogeneidade molecular da Malassezia pachydermatis através de RAPD-PCR

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Patrícia da Silva Nascente

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Several methodologies in molecular biology have been used in theinvestigation of Malassezia pachydermatis and its differentiation into subtypes. Recent molecular research of this species includes the use of samples isolated from canine otitis externa and dermatitis, as well as from healthy animals, having in view an epidemiologicalstudy of the yeast. The aim of this study was to identify molecular differences in M. pachydermatis samples isolated from dogs with otitis externa. The M. pachydermatis strains were analyzed by means of the Random Amplification Primer DNA - Polimerase Chain Reaction (RAPD–PCR for molecular heterogeneity research. DNA extraction was carried out with phenol-chloroform and the RAPD technique using the AGAATCCGCC primer. A variation was observed in the number and arrangement of the bands among the 49 studied isolates, grouped into nine patterns. Isolate groupings were not found to be related to animal breed, age or sex. It was concluded that M. pachydermatis has differences in its molecular profile, as shown by the molecular technique (RAPD – PCR, which allows isolates to be classified into nine subtypes.Várias metodologias em biologia molecular têm sido aplicadas para estudar a M. pachydermatis diferenciando-a em subgrupos. Recentemente utiliza-se a investigação molecular desta espécie isolada de otite externa e dermatite, e também de isolados da mesma de animais hígidos, para um estudo epidemiológico da levedura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar diferenças moleculares entre isolados de M. pachydermatis obtidos de casos de otite externa canina. Para isto, amostras da levedura provenientes de cães com esta enfermidade foram estudadas através da técnica de Polimorfismo de DNA Amplificado aoAcaso - Reação da Polimerase em Cadeia (RAPD–PCR para pesquisa de heterogeneidade molecular. A extração de DNA foi realizada no processo fenol-cloroformio e a técnica de RAPD foi estudada com o primer

( Quercus spp. ) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Quercus is one of the most important woody genera of the Northern hemisphere and considered as one of the main forest tree species in Iran. In this study, genetic relationships in the genus Quercus, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was examined. Five species, including: Quercus robur, Quercus ...

Characterization of specific random amplified polymorphic (RAPD ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

toshiba

2013-04-10

Apr 10, 2013 ... GGG CCA CTG T. 8. 8. 0. 97. OPY-20. AGC CGT GGA A. 7. 7. 0. 98. OPZ-13. GAC TAA GCC C. 0. 0. 0 fingerprinting differentiation was combined with bulked segregant analysis (Michelmore, et al. 1991). A total of. 98 operon RAPD primers (Almaeda, USA) were used in the first step differential screening in ...

Genetic diversity in sugar apple (Annona squamosa L. by using RAPD markers

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João Filipi Rodrigues Guimarães

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity in a collection of 64 sugar apple accessions collected from different municipalities in northern Minas Gerais was assessed by RAPD analysis. Using 20 selected RAPD primers 167 fragments were generated, of which 48 were polymorphic (28.7% producing an average of 2.4 polymorphic fragments per primer. Low percentage of polymorphism (< 29% was observed by using the set of primers indicating low level of genetic variation among the 64 accessions evaluated. Genetic relationships were estimated using Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. Accessions from different municipalities clustered together indicating no correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin. The dendrogram revealed five clusters. The first cluster grouped C19 and G29 accessions collected from the municipalities of Verdelândia and Monte Azul, respectively. The second cluster grouped G16 and B11 accessions collected from the municipalities of Monte Azul and Coração de Jesus, respectively. The remaining accessions were grouped in three clusters, with 8, 15 and 37 accessions, respectively. In summary, RAPD showed a low percentage of polymorphism in the germplasm collection.

Screening and characterization a RAPD marker of tobacco brown ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RAPD) methods were used to analyze F2 individuals of 82-3041 × Yunyan 84 to screen and characterize the molecular marker linked to brown-spot resistant gene. A total of 800 arbitrary decamer oligonucleotide primers were used for RAPD ...

Biological effects and RAPD analysis of alfalfa (medicago sativa L.) irradiated by fast neutrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han Weibo; Zhang Yuexue; Tang Fenglan; Liu Jielin; Liu Fengqi; Shang Chen; Kong Fuquan; Wang Xiao; Liu Luxiang

2011-01-01

Dry seeds of alfalfa variety Zhaodong were irradiated by fast neutrons generated by linear accelerator with three fluences, 3.60 × 10 11 , 7.10 × 10 11 and 3.54 × 10 12 /cm 2 respectively. Seed germination, growth, and RAPD analysis on the mutation were reported in this study. The results showed that germination vigor and germination rate of irradiated seeds were higher than those of control, but seedling height and root length were reduced with the increase of fluences. When the dosages reached 3.54 × 10 12 /cm 2 , seedling root length decreased by 81.63% compared with the control, but the seedling didn't grow any true leaves except for cotyledon. 36 primers were used in RAPD analysis, and the results showed that the RAPD polymorphic loci rate was 7.25%, 6.52% and 5.80% among the 3.60 × 10 11 /cm 2 , 7.10 × 10 11 /cm 2 and 3.54 × 10 12 /cm 2 treated M 1 plants. RAPD polymorphic loci rate in the 3.60 × 10 11 /cm 2 treated plants was the highest among three treatment. It is concluded that 3.60 × 10 11 /cm 2 could be on optimum fluences for a alfalfa mutation by fast neutrons. (authors)

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA EM COUVE-MANTEIGA UTILIZANDO ISOENZIMAS E RAPD

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SAWAZAKI HAIKO ENOK

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se a variabilidade genética em couve (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C. tipo manteiga por intermédio do polimorfismo enzimático em gel de poliacrilamida e do polimorfismo de DNA, denominado RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, com base na amplificação de segmentos de DNA ao acaso. Avaliaram-se quinze clones de couve-manteiga do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma do Instituto Agronômico (IAC, utilizando-se extratos de folhas para análise de isoenzimas e marcador RAPD com os "primers" dos kits A e B da Operon Technologies. Entre as isoenzimas estudadas, as mais polimórficas foram as fosfoglucomutase (PGM, peroxidase (PRX e esterase (EST, tendo o sistema PGM realizado a melhor caracterização. Verificou-se a ocorrência de variabilidade genética por meio de isoenzimas e RAPD, porém não foi observada a similaridade entre os dendrogramas obtidos por ambos os tipos de marcadores, sugerindo que as isoenzimas forneceram menos informação sobre o genoma. A maior eficácia do RAPD foi devida à possibilidade de processar maior número de análises, evidenciando mais detalhes sobre o genoma.

Genetic Diversity of Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix ‎dactylifera L.) by using RAPD Technique

OpenAIRE

Muhanned Abdul Hasan Kareem; Ali Hmood Al-Saadi ‎; Hassan Fadhil Naji

2018-01-01

In this study provided all molecular markers of Random amplified polymorphic (RAPD) successfully with the sixty five Iraqi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars, which collected from Hilla city in Iraq, to determine fingerprinting, polymorphic value, and relationships among varieties of date palm cultivars, and also with the same type of cultivars. Data analysis of ten RAPD has been revealed. Number of amplified DNA fragments were (592) bands, polymorphism per all primers were (%64.2),...

Genetic Diversity of Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix ‎dactylifera L.) by using RAPD Technique

OpenAIRE

Muhanned Abdul Hasan; Ali ‎ Hmood Al-Saadi; Hassan Fadhil Naji

2017-01-01

In this study provided all molecular markers of Random amplified polymorphic (RAPD) successfully with the sixty five Iraqi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars, which collected from Hilla city in Iraq, to determine fingerprinting, polymorphic value, and relationships among varieties of date palm cultivars, and also with the same type of cultivars. Data analysis of ten RAPD has been revealed. Number of amplified DNA fragments were (592) bands, polymorphism per all primers were (%64.2),...

RAPD markers for screening shoot gall maker (Betousa stylophora Swinhoe tolerant genotypes of amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sethuraman Thilaga

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Phyllanthus emblica Linn. is the most important medicinally useful tree crop in Asian Subcontinent and is severely infested by Betousa stylophora Swinhoe, known as shoot gall maker (SGM. This pest tunnels the shoots of seedlings and actively growing branches of trees and develops gall, leading to stunted growth, unusual branching and death of actively growing shoots. Our study revealed that trees possessing smooth bark were free from the attack of this pest than those with rough bark surface. Unfortunately, this character is not detectable either at seedling stage or during early growth of trees in the orchard. RAPD genetic fingerprinting of trees possessing smooth and rough bark revealed distinguishable and highly reproducible DNA banding pattern between the two genotypes. Of the 20 RAPD primers tested, five of them produced distinguishable RAPD bands between rough and smooth barked genotypes of P. emblica. Trees with smooth bark produced five unique RAPD bands with molecular weight ranging from 350 bp to 1500 bp and those with rough bark produced six RAPD bands (350 bp–650 bp to utilize these DNA bands as potential DNA marker for screening tolerant genotypes of this crop against SGM. The utility of this finding in genetic improvement of this tree crop against SGM is discussed.

Rapid identification of dairy lactic acid bacteria by M13-generated, RAPD-PCR fingerprint databases.

Science.gov (United States)

Rossetti, Lia; Giraffa, Giorgio

2005-11-01

About a thousand lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from dairy products, especially cheeses, were identified and typed by species-specific PCR and RAPD-PCR, respectively. RAPD-PCR profiles, which were obtained by using the M13 sequence as a primer, allowed us to implement a large database of different fingerprints, which were analysed by BioNumerics software. Cluster analysis of the combined RAPD-PCR fingerprinting profiles enabled us to implement a library, which is a collection of library units, which in turn is a selection of representative database entries. A library unit, in this case, can be considered to be a definable taxon. The strains belonged to 11 main RAPD-PCR fingerprinting library units identified as Lactobacillus casei/paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus brevis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis. The possibility to routinely identify newly typed, bacterial isolates by consulting the library of the software was valued. The proposed method could be suggested to refine previous strain identifications, eliminate redundancy and dispose of a technologically useful LAB strain collection. The same approach could also be applied to identify LAB strains isolated from other food ecosystems.

Analogy of ISSR and RAPD markers for comparative analysis of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Analogy of ISSR and RAPD markers for comparative analysis of genetic diversity among different Jatropha curcas genotypes. S Gupta, M Srivastava, GP Mishra, PK Naik, RS Chauhan, SK Tiwari, M Kumar, R Singh ...

Protocolo W2LAN para transformar una red móvil 802.11 Ad-Hoc (MANET) en una LAN Ethernet

OpenAIRE

Burrull I Mestres, Francesco; García Haro, Juan; Malgosa Sanahuja, José María; Monzó Sánchez, Francisco Miguel

2005-01-01

Las redes MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) presentan el problema de la visibilidad parcial [1], por lo que hay que considerar protocolos de encaminamiento de nivel de enlace (capa 2 OSI) o superior. Algunos ejemplos de protocolos de encaminamiento en uso podrían ser el protocolo AODV (Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector[2]) -reactivo- y DSDV (Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector [3]) -proactivo-. En [4] se puede encontrar una comparativa extensa sobre protocolos de encaminamiento en redes MANET, o...

High-resolution melt-curve analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-HRM) for the characterisation of pathogenic leptospires

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tulsiani, Suhella; Craig, S B; Graham, G C

2010-01-01

as well as inter-serovar divergence between strains of different serovars. The results indicate that intra-serovar heterogeneity and inter-serovar homogeneity may limit the application of RAPD-HRM in routine diagnostics. They also indicate that genetic attenuation of aged, high-passage-number isolates...... could undermine the use of RAPD-HRM or any other molecular technology. Such genetic attenuation may account for a general decrease seen in titres of rabbit hyperimmune antibodies over time. Before RAPD-HRM can be further advanced as a routine diagnostic tool, strains more representative of the wild...

RAPD-SCAR marker and genetic relationship analysis of three Demodex species (Acari: Demodicidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Ya-E; Wu, Li-Ping

2012-06-01

For a long time, classification of Demodex mites has been mainly based on their hosts and phenotype characteristics. The study was the first to conduct molecular identification and genetic relationship analysis for six isolates of three Demodex species by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Totally, 239 DNA fragments were amplified from six Demodex isolates with 10 random primers in RAPD, of which 165 were polymorphic. Using a single primer, at least five fragments and at most 40 in the six isolates were amplified, whereas within a single isolate, a range of 35-49 fragments were amplified. DNA fingerprints of primers CZ 1-9 revealed intra- and interspecies difference in six Demodex isolates, whereas primer CZ 10 only revealed interspecies difference. The genetic distance and dendrogram showed the intraspecific genetic distances were closer than the interspecific genetic distances. The interspecific genetic distances of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex canis (0.7931-0.8140) were shorter than that of Demodex brevis and D. canis (0.8182-0.8987). The RAPD-SCAR marker displayed primer CZ 10 could be applied to identify the three Demodex species. The 479-bp fragment was specific for D. brevis, and the 261-bp fragment was specific for D. canis. The conclusion was that the RAPD-SCAR multi-marker was effective in molecular identification of three Demodex species. The genetic relationship between D. folliculorum and D. canis was nearer than that between D. folliculorum and D. brevis.

Fusarium verticillioides strains isolated from corn feed: characterization by fumonisin production and RAPD fingerprinting

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono

2010-08-01

Full Text Available In this study a total of 16 Fusarium verticillioides strains isolated from corn feed samples were characterized by fumonisin (FB production and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD. All the strains produced FB1 and FB2 with levels ranging from 2.41 to 3996.36 µg/g, and from 1.18 to 1209.91 µg/g, respectively. From the 16 F. verticillioides strains, four were identified as low (3.59 to 1289.84 µg/g, eight as intermediate (>1289.84 to 3772.44 µg/g and four strains as high (>3772.44 µg/g fumonisin producers. From the total of 105 loci amplified, 60 (57.14% were polymorphic. RAPD analysis showed very similar patterns among low, moderate and high fumonisin-producing strains. Although RAPD markers were capable of discriminating the different F. verticillioides strains, there was no clear association between these makers and fumonisin production.Neste estudo, 16 cepas de F. verticillioides isoladas de amostras de ração de milho foram caracterizadas com base na produção de fumonisinas (FB e em marcadores de polimorfismos de DNA amplificado ao acaso (RAPD. Todas as cepas produziram FB1 e FB2, com níveis variando, respectivamente, de 2,41 a 3996,36 µg/g e 1,18 a 1209,91 µg/g. De acordo com a produção de fumonisinas totais (FB1 + FB2 e a distribuição por análise de quartis, do total de 16 cepas de F. verticillioides, quatro foram identificadas como baixas produtoras de fumonisinas (3,59 a 1289,84 µg/g, oito como intermediárias (>1289,84 a 3772,44 µg/g e quatro como altas produtoras de fumonisinas (>3772,44 µg/g. Os 10 primers utilizados amplificaram 105 locos, 60 (57,14% dos quais foram polimórficos. As análises de RAPD mostraram padrões muito similares entre as cepas baixas, médias e altas produtoras de fumonisinas. Embora os marcadores RAPD tenham se mostrado capazes de discriminar as diferentes cepas de F. verticillioides, não foi detectada nenhuma associação entre estes marcadores e a produção de fumonisinas.

Genetic diversity analysis of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe by RAPD collected from subcontinent of India.

Science.gov (United States)

Ashraf, Kamran; Ahmad, Altaf; Chaudhary, Anis; Mujeeb, Mohd; Ahmad, Sayeed; Amir, Mohd; Mallick, N

2014-04-01

The present investigation was undertaken for the assessment of 12 accessions of Zingiber officinale Rosc. collected from subcontinent of India by RAPD markers. DNA was isolated using CTAB method. Thirteen out of twenty primers screened were informative and produced 275 amplification products, among which 261 products (94.90%) were found to be polymorphic. The percentage polymorphism of all 12 accessions ranged from 88.23% to 100%. Most of the RAPD markers studied showed different levels of genetic polymorphism. The data of 275 RAPD bands were used to generate Jaccard's similarity coefficients and to construct a dendrogram by means of UPGMA. Results showed that ginger undergoes genetic variation due to a wide range of ecological conditions. This investigation was an understanding of genetic variation within the accessions. It will also provide an important input into determining resourceful management strategies and help to breeders for ginger improvement program.

Eficiencia de la respuesta superovulatoria del ganado Brahman al protocolo P-24

OpenAIRE

Roger Salgado O.; Andrés Mejía A.; Pablo Suárez S.

2011-01-01

Objetivo. Evaluar la eficiencia de la respuesta superovulatoria del ganado Brahman al protocolo P-24. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron doce vacas Brahman donadoras con más de 60 días postparto, a las cuales se les realizó un total de 21 tratamientos superovulatorios con base en el protocolo P-24. Se realizó la colecta de los embriones a través del método convencional y los embriones fueron clasificados (IETS). Resultados. Se obtuvo un promedio de 9.1 estructuras, 4.4 embriones transferible...

Protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional de doenças oftalmológicas com ênfase em estrabismo

OpenAIRE

Ribeiro, Christie Graf

2012-01-01

Resumo: Introdução: A necessidade de criação e desenvolvimento de protocolos eletrônicos para auxílio na pesquisa científica acompanha a realidade da constante evolução médica. Atualmente existem protocolos eletrônicos desenvolvidos e incorporados ao SINPE© nas áreas de cirurgia do aparelho digestivo, urologia, oftalmologia, enfermagem e gestão. Outros protocolos estão em desenvolvimento nas áreas de cirurgia bariátrica, ortopedia, nutrição, anestesiologia e cirurgia plástica. Na área da ofta...

Study On Application Of Molecular Techniques (RAPD-PCR And RAMP-PCR) To Detect Mutation In Rice Breeding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoang Thi My Linh; Phan, D. T. Son; Nguyen Thi Vang; Nguyen, T. T. Hien; Le XuanTham

2007-01-01

The project was carried out in 2007 with the purpose of consideration for using the two simple and inexpensive molecular techniques to estimate changes in DNA of rice mutant after gamma irradiation. Three rice cultivars: Basmati370, Tam Thom (TT1), IR64 and three gamma irradiated mutants BDS, TDS and VND 95-20 respectively, were used. Suitable DNA extraction procedure was obtained. PCR optimization was conducted on three important factors including: amount of MgCl 2 , DNA concentration and annealing temperature. 2.5 mM of MgCl 2 for RAPD-PCR and 3.75 mM for RAMP-PCR were found the best. 40 ng DNA provided a good amplification for RAMP-PCR; this figure was 50 ng for RAPD-PCR. Annealing temperatures were determined at 36 o C for RAPD primer and at 55±3 o C for Microsatellite primer. Final results showed that, both RAPD-PCR and RAMP-PCR could detect changes in DNA of rice mutants after gamma irradiation compared to their parents. Percentage of DNA changes determined by RAPD-PCR and RAMP-PCR on Basmati370 and its mutant BDS were 11.49% and 21.2% respectively; These on TT1 and TDS were 8.98% and 15.4%; and on IR64 and VND 95-20 were 3.45% and 4.95%. (author)

Genetic diversity in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) landraces from Zimbabwe revealed by RAPD and SSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Mujaju, C; Sehic, J; Werlemark, G; Garkava-Gustavsson, L; Fatih, M; Nybom, H

2010-08-01

Low polymorphism in cultivated watermelon has been reported in previous studies, based mainly on US Plant Introductions and watermelon cultivars, most of which were linked to breeding programmes associated with disease resistance. Since germplasm sampled in a putative centre of origin in southern Africa may harbour considerably higher variability, DNA marker-based diversity was estimated among 81 seedlings from eight accessions of watermelon collected in Zimbabwe; five accessions of cow-melons (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) and three of sweet watermelons (C. lanatus var. lanatus). Two molecular marker methods were used, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) also known as microsatellite DNA. Ten RAPD primers produced 138 markers of which 122 were polymorphic. Nine SSR primer pairs detected a total of 43 alleles with an average of 4.8 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.47 to 0.77 for the RAPD primers and from 0.39 to 0.97 for the SSR loci. Similarity matrices obtained with SSR and RAPD, respectively, were highly correlated but only RAPD was able to provide each sample with an individual-specific DNA profile. Dendrograms and multidimensional scaling (MDS) produced two major clusters; one with the five cow-melon accessions and the other with the three sweet watermelon accessions. One of the most variable cow-melon accessions took an intermediate position in the MDS analysis, indicating the occurrence of gene flow between the two subspecies. Analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) attributed most of the variability to within-accessions, and contrary to previous reports, sweet watermelon accessions apparently contain diversity of the same magnitude as the cow-melons.

RAPD-based detection of genomic instability in cucumber plants ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-07-20

Jul 20, 2009 ... 2School of biology and Environmental Sciences, Belfield, Dublin 4, ... detectable differences between the somatic embryo derived plants compared to their F1 parents in the. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) test using five primers ... The mixture was allowed to thaw and ice-cold polyvinyl-.

Performance of optimized McRAPD in identification of 9 yeast species frequently isolated from patient samples: potential for automation.

Science.gov (United States)

Trtkova, Jitka; Pavlicek, Petr; Ruskova, Lenka; Hamal, Petr; Koukalova, Dagmar; Raclavsky, Vladislav

2009-11-10

Rapid, easy, economical and accurate species identification of yeasts isolated from clinical samples remains an important challenge for routine microbiological laboratories, because susceptibility to antifungal agents, probability to develop resistance and ability to cause disease vary in different species. To overcome the drawbacks of the currently available techniques we have recently proposed an innovative approach to yeast species identification based on RAPD genotyping and termed McRAPD (Melting curve of RAPD). Here we have evaluated its performance on a broader spectrum of clinically relevant yeast species and also examined the potential of automated and semi-automated interpretation of McRAPD data for yeast species identification. A simple fully automated algorithm based on normalized melting data identified 80% of the isolates correctly. When this algorithm was supplemented by semi-automated matching of decisive peaks in first derivative plots, 87% of the isolates were identified correctly. However, a computer-aided visual matching of derivative plots showed the best performance with average 98.3% of the accurately identified isolates, almost matching the 99.4% performance of traditional RAPD fingerprinting. Since McRAPD technique omits gel electrophoresis and can be performed in a rapid, economical and convenient way, we believe that it can find its place in routine identification of medically important yeasts in advanced diagnostic laboratories that are able to adopt this technique. It can also serve as a broad-range high-throughput technique for epidemiological surveillance.

Elaboração do protocolo para avaliação forense de adolescentes em acolhimento institucional

OpenAIRE

Sales, Synara Sepúlveda

2016-01-01

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um protocolo de avaliação forense para um grupo de adolescentes no momento de recepção do acolhimento institucional, a fim de proporcionar o encaminhamento para intervenções personalizadas, bem como a caracterização da amostra quanto a investigação, viabilidade e aplicabilidade do protocolo. O protocolo foi constituído por instrumentos que permitem caracterizar o adolescente e indicar as ações apropriadas que serão ofertadas ao jo...

Insight into the genomic diversity and relationship of Astragalus glycyphyllos symbionts by RAPD, ERIC-PCR, and AFLP fingerprinting.

Science.gov (United States)

Gnat, Sebastian; Małek, Wanda; Oleńska, Ewa; Trościańczyk, Aleksandra; Wdowiak-Wróbel, Sylwia; Kalita, Michał; Wójcik, Magdalena

2015-11-01

We assessed the genomic diversity and genomic relationship of 28 Astragalus glycyphyllos symbionts by three methodologies based on PCR reaction, i.e., RAPD, ERIC-PCR, and AFLP. The AFLP method with one PstI restriction enzyme and selective PstI-GC primer pair had a comparable discriminatory power as ERIC-PCR one and these fingerprinting techniques distinguished among the studied 28 A. glycyphyllos symbionts 18 and 17 genomotypes, respectively. RAPD method was less discriminatory in the genomotyping of rhizobia analyzed and it efficiently resolved nine genomotypes. The cluster analysis of RAPD, ERIC-PCR, and AFLP profiles resulted in a generally similar grouping of the test strains on generated dendrograms supporting a great potential of these DNA fingerprinting techniques for study of genomic polymorphism and evolutionary relationship of A. glycyphyllos nodulators. The RAPD, ERIC-PCR, and AFLP pattern similarity coefficients between A. glycyphyllos symbionts studied was in the ranges 8-100, 18-100, and 23-100%, respectively.

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Tiegu; Huang Qunce; Feng Weisen

2007-01-01

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tiegu; Huang, Qunce; Feng, Weisen

2007-10-01

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning.

RAPD and SSR Polymorphisms in Mutant Lines of Transgenic Wheat Mediated by Low Energy Ion Beam

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tiegu, Wang [Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 (China); Qunce, Huang [Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052 (China); Weisen, Feng [Luoyang Institute of Agricultural Science, Luoyang 471022 (China)

2007-10-15

Two types of markers-random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat DNA (SSR)-have been used to characterize the genetic diversity among nine mutant lines of transgenic wheat intermediated by low energy ion beam and their four receptor cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze RAPD-based and SSR-based genetic variance among transgenic wheat lines and with their receptors, and to find specific genetic markers of special traits of transgenic wheat lines. 170 RAPD primers were amplified to 733 fragments in all the experimental materials. There were 121 polymorphic fragments out of the 733 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 16.5%. 29 SSR primer pairs were amplified to 83 fragments in all the experiment materials. There were 57 polymorphic fragments out of the 83 fragments with a ratio of polymorphic fragments of 68.7%. The dendrograms were prepared based on a genetic distance matrix using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averaging) algorithm, which corresponded well to the results of the wheat pedigree analysis and separated the 13 genotypes into four groups. Association analysis between RAPD and SSR markers with the special traits of transgenic wheat mutant lines discovered that three RAPD markers, s1, opt-16, and f14, were significantly associated with the muticate trait, while three SSR markers, Rht8 (Xgwm261), Rht-B1b, and Rht-D1b, highly associated with the dwarf trait. These markers will be useful for marker-assistant breeding and can be used as candidate markers for further gene mapping and cloning.

A comparative phylogenetic analysis of medicinal plant Tribulus terrestris in Northwest India revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ASHWANI KUMAR

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Kumar A, Verma N. 2012. A comparative phylogenetic analysis of medicinal plant Tribulus terrestris in Northwest India revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Biodiversitas 13: 107-113. Several DNA marker systems and associated techniques are available today for fingerprinting of plant varieties. A total of 5 RAPD and 8 ISSR primers were used. Amplification of genomic DNA of the 6 genotypes, using RAPD analysis, yielded 164 fragments that could be scored, of which 47 were polymorphic, with an average of 9.4 polymorphic fragments per primer. Number of amplified fragments with random primers ranged from 6 (AKR-1 to 10 (AKR-4 and varied in size from 200 bp to 2,500 bp. Percentage polymorphism ranged from 16% (AKR-4 to a maximum of 41% (AKR-4, with an average of 29.6%. The 8 ISSR primers used in the study produced 327 bands across 6 genotypes, of which 114 were polymorphic. The number of amplified bands varied from 7 (ISSR 7 to 12 (ISSR 1&3, with a size range of 250-2,800 bp. The average numbers of bands per primer and polymorphic bands per primer were 40.87 and 14.25, respectively. Percentage polymorphism ranged from 24% (ISSR 4 to 53.84% (ISSR 2, with an average percentage polymorphism of 35.59% across all the genotypes. The 3′-anchored primers based on poly (AC and poly (AT motifs produced high average polymorphisms of 53.84% and 40.81%, respectively. ISSR markers were more efficient than the RAPD assay, as they detected 35.59% polymorphic DNA markers in Tribulus terrestris as compared to 29.6% for RAPD markers. Clustering of genotypes within groups was not similar when RAPD and ISSR derived dendrogram were compared, whereas the pattern of clustering of the genotypes remained more or less the same in ISSR and combined data of RAPD and ISSR.

Genetic Diversity of Rose germplasm based on RAPD analysis

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AHSAN IQBAL

2012-06-12

Jun 12, 2012 ... identification and analysis of genetic variation within a collection of 4 species and 30 accessions of rose using RAPD analysis technique. The results showed the molecular distinctions among the ... that range in colour from white and yellow to many shades of pink and red have been developed. Since.

Unraveling the efficiency of RAPD and SSR markers in diversity analysis and population structure estimation in common bean.

Science.gov (United States)

Zargar, Sajad Majeed; Farhat, Sufia; Mahajan, Reetika; Bhakhri, Ayushi; Sharma, Arjun

2016-01-01

Increase in food production viz-a-viz quality of food is important to feed the growing human population to attain food as well as nutritional security. The availability of diverse germplasm of any crop is an important genetic resource to mine the genes that may assist in attaining food as well as nutritional security. Here we used 15 RAPD and 23 SSR markers to elucidate diversity among 51 common bean genotypes mostly landraces collected from the Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. We observed that both the markers are highly polymorphic. The discriminatory power of these markers was determined using various parameters like; percent polymorphism, PIC, resolving power and marker index. 15 RAPDs produced 171 polymorphic bands, while 23 SSRs produced 268 polymorphic bands. SSRs showed a higher PIC value (0.300) compared to RAPDs (0.243). Further the resolving power of SSRs was 5.241 compared to 3.86 for RAPDs. However, RAPDs showed a higher marker index (2.69) compared to SSRs (1.279) that may be attributed to their higher multiplex ratio. The dendrograms generated with hierarchical UPGMA cluster analysis grouped genotypes into two main clusters with various degrees of sub clustering within the cluster. Here we observed that both the marker systems showed comparable accuracy in grouping genotypes of common bean according to their area of cultivation. The model based STRUCTURE analysis using 15 RAPD and 23 SSR markers identified a population with 3 sub-populations which corresponds to distance based groupings. High level of genetic diversity was observed within the population. These findings have further implications in common bean breeding as well as conservation programs.

La emigración como proceso de duelo. Protocolo de psicoterapia breve centrada en su elaboración.

OpenAIRE

Isabel Salvador Sánchez

2002-01-01

Se presenta un protocolo de psicoterapia breve para el tratamiento de pacientes emigrantes con el diagnóstico psicodinámico de “duelo no elaborado”, explicando las características de dicho protocolo.

Assessment of genetic variability in rice (oryza sativa l.) germplasm from Pakistan using rapd markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pervaiz, Z.H.; Rabbani, M.A.; Shinwar, Z.K.; Masood, M.S.; Malik, S.A.

2010-01-01

Information on genetic diversity and relationships among rice genotypes from Pakistan is currently very limited. Molecular marker analysis can truly be beneficial in analyzing the diversity of rice germplasm providing useful information to broaden the genetic base of modern rice cultivars. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic polymorphism of 75 rice accessions and improved cultivars using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Twenty-eight decamer-primers generated a total of 145 RAPD fragments, of which 116 (80%) were polymorphic. The number of amplification products produced by each primer varied from 3 to 9 with an average of 5.2 alleles primer-1. The size of amplified fragments ranged from 250 to 4000bp. A dendrogram was generated from minimal variance algorithm using Ward method. All the 75 genotypes were grouped into two main groups corresponding to aromatic and non-aromatic types of indica rice. Clustering of accessions did not show any significant pattern of association between the RAPD fingerprints and collection sites. This type of analysis grouping different rice accessions in relation to fragrance, a major rice quality determinant, and varietal group is extremely useful to develop a core collection and gene bank management. Further more, the information revealed by the RAPDs regarding genetic variation is helpful to the plant breeder in selecting diverse parents and for future orientation of rice breeding program. (author)

Genetic diversity in natural populations of Jacaranda decurrens Cham. determined using RAPD and AFLP markers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bianca W. Bertoni

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae is an endemic species of the Cerrado with validated antitumoral activity. The genetic diversity of six populations of J. decurrens located in the State of São Paulo was determined in this study by using molecular markers for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP. Following optimization of the amplification reaction, 10 selected primers generated 78 reproducible RAPD fragments that were mostly (69.2% polymorphic. Two hundred and five reproducible AFLP fragments were generated by using four selected primer combinations; 46.3% of these fragments were polymorphic, indicating a considerable level of genetic diversity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA using these two groups of markers indicated that variability was strongly structured amongst populations. The unweighted pair group method with arithmatic mean (UPGMA and Pearson's correlation coefficient (RAPD -0.16, p = 0.2082; AFLP 0.37, p = 0.1006 between genetic matrices and geographic distances suggested that the population structure followed an island model in which a single population of infinite size gave rise to the current populations of J. decurrens, independently of their spatial position. The results of this study indicate that RAPD and AFLP markers were similarly efficient in measuring the genetic variability amongst natural populations of J. decurrens. These data may be useful for developing strategies for the preservation of this medicinal species in the Cerrado.

Molecular characterization of Iranian black cumin ( Nigella sativa L. accessions using RAPD marker

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Mahmoud Ghorbanzadeh Neghab

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Nigella sativa L. (2n = 12 is an annual flowering plant belonging to the family Ranunculaceae known for medicinal properties demonstrating valuable components that are widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Nine Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers (RAPD were used in this study, in order to characterize the genetic variation of 16 black cumin varieties collected from Iran’s different regions. The amplification reaction produced 95 bands with sizes ranging from about 100 to 500 bp. The average frequency of bands was 20 while the averages of polymorphism were about 8.11 per primer. The Jaccard similarity coefficient and the Unweighted Pair-Group Method Analysis (UPGMA clustering algorithm were applied to the RAPD data sets in order to understand the genetic relationships among the tested accessions. The accessions were categorized into three groups using cluster analysis. The results were supported by the Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA cluster analysis. The results showed that the tested black cumin genotypes had a high genetic diversity and could be used in black cumin germplasm conservation programs. Moreover, the RAPD is a versatile approach to the diversity analysis of native accessions of black cumin.

Characterization of onion genotypes by use of RAPD markers

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Pavlović Nenad

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In order to estimate, at the molecular level, the divergence of parental lines that were used in diallel crossbreeding for production of superior offspring (F1 generation hybrids at the Institute for Vegetable Crops, the molecular analysis using five RAPD markers for five pairs of parents has been performed. It gives an insight into their genetic polymorphism and the possibility of their further use in breeding programs. Information from this research has pioneered the application of molecular markers of onion in Serbia. Analyses were performed using the RAPD primers, which in previous studies established a high degree of polymorphism. In all five cases there was a corresponding amplification of DNA segments. From totally 50 bands analyzed, the length of fragments ranged from 500 to 3000 bp. Number of polymorphic band per example was 8 to 13. In our research at the level of the analyzed primers, a high degree of polymorphism between analyzed genotypes has been found. Based on UPGMA dendogram, analyzed genotypes were divided into two main clusters and two subclusters.

Contribuciones del protocolo a la creación de la imagen de las autoridades en España

OpenAIRE

Cuadrado Esclapez, Carmen

2017-01-01

El propósito de esta investigación es demostrar cómo el protocolo, elemento decisivo para alcanzar los objetivos comunicacionales de los objetos sobre los que opera –los actos públicos–, contribuye a la construcción de la imagen pública del sujeto protagonista de esos actos. La creación y transmisión de una determinada imagen mediática en coherencia con unos objetivos previamente definidos requiere un plan de comunicación estratégico, del cual el protocolo es parte fundamental. El protocolo s...

Identification of ISSR and RAPD markers linked to yield traits in bread wheat under normal and drought conditions

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A.G.A. Khaled

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Genetic variability and identification of some molecular markers were studied in twenty promising lines of wheat using agronomic traits, ISSR (inter simple sequences repeats and RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Significant variation was evidenced in all agronomic traits. The lines proved to be superior to the check cultivar Sahel1 in yield and its component traits. Lines L2, L7 and L8 were the best in most yield component traits in both seasons. Moreover, Lines L2, L4, L5, L7 and L8 showed drought tolerance by which they displayed high performance in agronomic traits as well as a low drought susceptibility index. The percentage of polymorphism was 39.3% and 53.2% for ISSRs and RAPDs, respectively. UBC-881 belonged to penta-nucleotide repeat sequences (GGGTG that produced the highest level of polymorphism, while UBC-846 belonged to di-nucleotide repeat sequences (CA that produced the lowest level of polymorphism. Genetic similarities among wheat lines based on ISSR and RAPD markers ranged from 0.81 to 1.00 and from 0.86 to 0.98, respectively. There was a low average of PIC (polymorphism information content values which were 0.10 (ISSR and 0.15 (RAPD. The RAPD technique exhibited a higher marker index (MI = 0.69 compared to ISSR (MI = 0.43. There was insignificant correlation between ISSR and RAPD data (0.168, p > 0.05. There were two markers (UBC-881450bp and OPF-10540bp, on each of which two traits regressed significantly. The associated markers each explained a maximum regression of 18.92–34.95% of the total available variation for individual associated traits.

Assessment of genetic diversity using RAPD analysis in a germplasm collection of sea buckthorn

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G.I. BARTISH

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD markers were used to characterize a part of a sea buckthorn gene bank collected for plant breeding purposes. Molecular markers were generated in 55 cultivars and accessions, representing five subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and intraspecific hybrids between different subspecies. Sixty-three markers were used to generate a Dice's similarity coefficient matrix of pairwise comparisons between individual RAPD profiles. Cluster (UPGMA and principal co-ordinate analyses, based on this matrix, revealed clustering of plants into groups which generally correspond to their taxonomic classification or geographic origin. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA was found useful for estimating components of genetic variation between and within taxonomic and geographic groups of accessions and cultivars. Whereas both alternatives for grouping the material (taxonomic or geographic origin resulted in significant between-group variation, the major part of molecular variance (approximately 75% was still attributed to variation within groups. We conclude that the RAPD analysis is useful for clarification of taxonomic and geographic origin of accessions and cultivars of sea buckthorn.

RAPD Analysis and Antibiotic Susceptibility for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Isolated from Different Locations in Egypt

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Ali, A. M.

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The routine identification of mycobacterial strains isolated from patients in different locations in Egypt was confirmed by specific DNA fragment amplification. The susceptibilities of 72 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains against the four antibiotics used in tuberculosis treatment (Isoniazid, INH; Rifampicin, Rif; Streptomycin, St and Ethambutol, E were examined. Our results indicated that, multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB represents about 19.5% of the tested strains, whereas sensitive strains represented 26.4%. The genetic polymorphism of the tested strains was examined using RAPD analysis. Six selected strains represent the different antibiotic susceptibility groups were examined using RAPD fingerprinting. No difference between the strains was recorded using the RFLP analysis of amplified specific fragment. The discrimination power of RAPD analysis was inadequate to clarify the genetic correlation between the tested strains. MDR-TB was approximately double time in 2008 compared with the value in 2007. Most of the new MDRTB was correlated with resident dense population regions.

Molecular analysis of RAPD DNA based markers: their potential use for the detection of genetic variability in jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L Schneider).

Science.gov (United States)

Amarger, V; Mercier, L

1995-01-01

We have applied the recently developed technique of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) for the discrimination between two jojoba clones at the genomic level. Among a set of 30 primers tested, a simple reproducible pattern with three distinct fragments for clone D and two distinct fragments for clone E was obtained with primer OPB08. Since RAPD products are the results of arbitrarily priming events and because a given primer can amplify a number of non-homologous sequences, we wondered whether or not RAPD bands, even those of similar size, were derived from different loci in the two clones. To answer this question, two complementary approaches were used: i) cloning and sequencing of the amplification products from clone E; and ii) complementary Southern analysis of RAPD gels using cloned or amplified fragments (directly recovered from agarose gels) as RFLP probes. The data reported here show that the RAPD reaction generates multiple amplified fragments. Some fragments, although resolved as a single band on agarose gels, contain different DNA species of the same size. Furthermore, it appears that the cloned RAPD products of known sequence that do not target repetitive DNA can be used as hybridization probes in RFLP to detect a polymorphism among individuals.

Molecular Characterization of Cultivated Pawpaw (Asimina triloba) Using RAPD Markers

Science.gov (United States)

Hongwen Huang; Desmond R. Layne; Thomas L. Kubisiak

2003-01-01

Thirty-four extant pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] cultivars and advanced selections representing a large portion of the gene pool of cultivated pawpaws were investigated using 71 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to establish genetic identities and evaluate genetic relatedness. All 34 cultivated pawpaws were uniquely...

Selection processes in a citrus hybrid population using RAPD markers

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Oliveira Roberto Pedroso de

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the processes of selection in a citrus hybrid population using segregation analysis of RAPD markers. The segregation of 123 RAPD markers between 'Cravo' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco and 'Pêra' sweet orange (C. sinensis (L. Osbeck was analysed in a F1 progeny of 94 hybrids. Genetic composition, diversity, heterozygosity, differences in chromosomal structure and the presence of deleterious recessive genes are discussed based on the segregation ratios obtained. A high percentage of markers had a skeweness of the 1:1 expected segregation ratio in the F1 population. Many markers showed a 3:1 segregation ratio in both varieties and 1:3 in 'Pêra' sweet orange, probably due to directional selection processes. The distribution analysis of the frequencies of the segregant markers in a hybrid population is a simple method which allows a better understanding of the genetics of citrus group.

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis of Lutzomyia longipalpis laboratory populations

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DiaS Edelberto S.

1998-01-01

Full Text Available The phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis has been incriminated as a vector of American visceral leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania chagasi. However, some evidence has been accumulated suggesting that it may exist in nature not as a single but as a species complex. Our goal was to compare four laboratory reference populations of L. longipalpis from distinct geographic regions at the molecular level by RAPD-PCR. We screened genomic DNA for polymorphic sites by PCR amplification with decamer single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequences. One primer distinguished one population (Marajó Island, Pará State, Brazil from the other three (Lapinha Cave, Minas Gerais State, Brazil; Melgar, Tolima Department, Colombia and Liberia, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. The population-specific and the conserved RAPD-PCR amplified fragments were cloned and shown to differ only in number of internal repeats.

Genetic variations among passion fruit species using rapd markers Variação genética entre espécies de maracujá utilizando marcadores rapd

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Ana Paula de Andrade Aukar

2002-12-01

Full Text Available It has been evaluated the genetic variability through the use of RAPD molecular markers on the following passionflower species: Passiflora amethystina, P. caerulea, P. cincinnata, P. coccinea, P. serrato digitata, P. foetida, P. maliformis, P. alata, P. giberti, P. laurifolia, P. macrocarpa, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. suberosa, P. ligularis, P. capsularis, P. edulis Sims and its botanical variety P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. In this research work, the analyses of the random amplified polymorphic DNA products (RAPD were employed to estimate the genetic diversity and the taxonomic linkage within the species above. The total of 21 primers were used in this study which generated 270 different polymorphic products. It was possible to detect that the Passiflora species had shown a similarity of 17,3%, and between Passiflora edulis Sims and Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa a similarity of 34,35% has been found. The rate of similarity within edulis specie is low, making it clear that a large variability between the yellow and the purple forms exists.Foram avaliadas as variações genéticas através de marcadores moleculares RAPD, as seguintes espécies de maracujá: Passiflora amethystina, P. caerulea, P. cincinnata, P. coccinea, P. serrato digitata, P. foetida, P. maliformis, P. alata, P. giberti, P. laurifolia, P. macrocarpa, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. suberosa, P. ligularis, P. capsularis, P. edulis Sims e sua variedade botânica P. edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. Neste estudo, a análise dos produtos da amplificação ao acaso do DNA polimórfico (RAPD foi usada para estimar a diversidade genética e as relações taxonômicas entre as espécies. Foram utilizados 21 "primers", que produziram um total de 270 bandas polimórficas. Verificou-se que as espécies de Passiflora apresentaram uma média de similaridade de 17,3%, e entre Passiflora edulis Sims e Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa, de 34,35%. Pode-se perceber que o valor de

Analysis of genetic diversity of certain species of Piper using RAPD-based molecular markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Chowdhury, Utpal; Tanti, Bhaben; Rethy, Parakkal; Gajurel, Padma Raj

2014-09-01

The utility of RAPD markers in assessing genetic diversity and phenetic relationships of six different species of Piper from Northeast India was investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with four arbitrary 10-mer oligonucleotide primers applied to the six species produced a total of 195 marker bands, of which, 159 were polymorphic. On average, six RAPD fragments were amplified per reaction. In the UPGMA phenetic dendrogram based on Jaccard's coefficient, the different accessions of Piper showed a high level of genetic variation. This study may be useful in identifying diverse genetic stocks of Piper, which may then be conserved on a priority basis.

Análise da recuperação do genitor recorrente em maracujazeiro-azedo por meio de marcadores RAPD Recovery analysis of recurrent genitor in sour passion fruit through RAPD markers

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Kenia Gracielle da Fonseca

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de maracujá, entretanto tem-se observado redução na produtividade do maracujazeiro nos últimos anos, devido, principalmente, a fatores fitossanitários. Na Embrapa Cerrados, a transferência de genes de resistência de espécies silvestres para as comerciais de maracujazeiro tem sido feita por meio de hibridações interespecíficas seguidas de um programa de retrocruzamentos auxiliados por marcadores moleculares. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a recuperação do genoma recorrente nas plantas RC4 e RC5 [(Passiflora edulis x Passiflora setacea x Passiflora edulis ] com base em marcadores RAPD. O estudo foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular da Embrapa Cerrados. Amostras de DNA de cada material genético (17 plantas RC4, 16 plantas RC5, Passiflora edulis e Passiflora setacea foram amplificadas para obtenção de marcadores RAPD. Foram utilizados 12 primers decâmeros para as plantas RC4 e 14 primers decâmeros para as plantas RC5. Os marcadores RAPD gerados foram convertidos em matriz de dados binários. Verificou-se alta porcentagem de marcadores polimórficos em consequência do cruzamento-base interespecífico. A menor similaridade genética foi observada entre as espécies P. edulis e P. setacea, evidenciando a grande distância genética dessas espécies.Brazil is the largest world producer of passion fruit, however, it has been observed a reduction in the productivity in recent years due, mainly, to phytosanitary factors. At Embrapa Cerrados, the transfer of resistance genes from wild to commercial species of passion fruit has been made through interspecific hybridations, followed by a backcrossing molecular marker-assisted program. The objective this work was to verify the recovery of recurrent genome at the plants RC4 and RC5 [(Passiflora edulis x Passiflora setacea x Passiflora edulis] based on RAPD markers. The study was developed at Embrapa Cerrados

Adaptação para a língua Portuguesa e aplicação de protocolo de avaliação das disartrias de origem central em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson Adjustment to the Portuguese and application to patients with Parkinson's disease of protocol within central origin dysarthrias' assessment

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Angélica Suelen Fracassi

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: traduzir e adaptar protocolo desenvolvido por pesquisadores alemães, adequando-o às características fonéticas e linguísticas do português falado no Brasil. Caracterizar os componentes de fala mais alterados na população com doença de Parkinson, comparando-os com grupo de sujeitos normais na mesma faixa etária. MÉTODOS: realizou-se a tradução e adaptação do protocolo. Posteriormente foram avaliados 21 pacientes com diagnóstico neurológico de Doença de Parkinson nos estágios Hoehn &Yarh, entre 2 e 3, e 10 sujeitos normais. O protocolo incluía avaliação da respiração, fonação, ressonância, articulação, prosódia e a análise acústica dos parâmetros vocais. RESULTADOS: o protocolo mostrou-se de fácil aplicação clínica. Nos sujeitos com doença de Parkinson foram observadas alterações predominantes na fonação (85,9% e articulação (42,9%. CONCLUSÃO: o estudo demonstrou ser o protocolo uma ferramenta eficiente para a avaliação da disartria em pacientes com doença de Parkinson.PURPOSE: to translate and adapt the protocol developed by German researchers, adjusting it to the phonetic and linguistic characteristics of Brazilian Portuguese. Observe the amended speech components in a group of patients with Parkinson's disease, and comparing them with normal subjects in the same age. METHOD: twenty one patients with neurological diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in the Hoehn & Yarh stages (2-3, and 10 control subjects were assessed. The protocol was translated, adjusted and applied to the subjects of both control and Parkinson's disease group, assessing the breathing, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody and acoustic analysis. RESULTS: in the dysarthria evaluation, the protocol showed to be simple and it presented a fast clinical application. In the subjects with Parkinson's disease, we observed alterations in both phonation (85.9% and articulation (42.9%. CONCLUSION: the study demonstrated that the

Distribution of Penicillium commune isolates in cheese dairies mapped using secondary metabolite profiles, morphotypes, RAPD and AFLP fingerprinting

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lund, Flemming; Nielsen, A.B.; Skouboe, P.

2003-01-01

) and amplified fragment length polymorphism, (AFLP). For a sub-set of 272 P. commune isolates RAPD analysis generated 33 RAPD groups whereas AFLP profiling revealed 55 AFLP groups. This study conclusively showed that the discriminatory power of AFLP was high compared to RAPD and that AFLP fingerprinting matched...... morphotyping, P. commune isolates with identical profiles using all four typing techniques were interpreted as closely related isolates with a common origin and the distribution of these isolates in the processing environment indicated possible contamination points in the cheese dairies. The coating process...... and unpacking of cheeses with growth of P. commune seemed to cause the contamination problems. Several identical P. commune isolates remained present in the processing environment for more than 7 years in both dairies....

Genetic structure and inter-generic relationship of closed colony of laboratory rodents based on RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Mahadeo; Kumar, Sharad

2014-11-01

Molecular genetic analysis was performed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) on three commonly used laboratory bred rodent genera viz. mouse (Mus musculus), rat (Rattus norvegicus) and guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) as sampled from the breeding colony maintained at the Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow. In this study, 60 samples, 20 from each genus, were analyzed for evaluation of genetic structure of rodent stocks based on polymorphic bands using RAPD markers. Thirty five random primers were assessed for RAPD analysis. Out of 35, only 20 primers generated a total of 56.88% polymorphic bands among mice, rats and guinea pigs. The results revealed significantly variant and distinct fingerprint patterns specific to each of the genus. Within-genera analysis, the highest (89.0%) amount of genetic homogeneity was observed in mice samples and the least (79.3%) were observed in guinea pig samples. The amount of genetic homogeneity was observed very high within all genera. The average genetic diversity index observed was low (0.045) for mice and high (0.094) for guinea pigs. The inter-generic distances were maximum (0.8775) between mice and guinea pigs; and the minimum (0.5143) between rats and mice. The study proved that the RAPD markers are useful as genetic markers for assessment of genetic structure as well as inter-generic variability assessments.

Comparison of Manzanilla and wild type olives by RAPD-PCR ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2010-02-15

Feb 15, 2010 ... In this study, the cultivated type olive Manzanilla was supplied from Olive ... America and Australia continents (MOARA, 2006). Olive ... reserved as table olives and 52.869 tons for oil produc- .... phism rate indicates a high genetic diversity in varieties. ... olive germplasm bank by means of RAPD markers.

Preliminary genetic linkage map of Miscanthus sinensis with RAPD markers

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Atienza, S.G.; Satovic, Z.; Petersen, K.K.; Dolstra, O.; Martin, A.

2002-01-01

We have used an "offspring cross" mapping strategy in combination with the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to construct the first genetic map of the species Miscanthus sinensis (2n = 2x = 38). This map is based on an outbred population of 89 individuals resulting from the cross between

Protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem no ambiente aeroespacial à pacientes traumatizados - cuidados durante e após o voo

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Gabriela Schweitzer

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar los cuidados de enfermería necesarios para crear un protocolo de atención a pacientes adultos traumatizados, aerorremovidos, específico a los períodos durante y después del vuelo, basado en los principios del Prehospital Trauma Life Support. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa convergente llevada a cabo en la División de Operaciones Aéreas en Sao José, Santa Catarina, en el período de abril a junio de 2010. Para la elaboración del protocolo se utilizaron entrevistas individuales y reuniones grupales. Los participantes fueron ocho enfermeros que trabajan en el servicio. El protocolo responde a las reglas de seguridad en vuelo, la evaluación constante del paciente durante la remoción y entrega al destino final. El protocolo proporcionará una práctica más segura para la atención de los pacientes aerorremovidos. Se sugiere otros estudios sobre el desempeño de los enfermeros, tales como la creación de nuevos protocolos que orienten la atención en el entorno aeroespacial.

Analisis comparativo de la normativa de protocolo de las Universidades españolas / Comparative analysis of the legislation on protocol of Spanish Universities

OpenAIRE

Dolores del Mar Sánchez González

2013-01-01

ResumenMuchos son los estudios existentes referidos al protocolo y al ceremonial universitario español. Todos ellos parten del estudio del ceremonial tradicional en las universidades en un intento de aunar el protocolo común a todas ellas bajo el término “protocolo universitario”, pero no existe ningún estudio que analice comparativamente la regulación existente en cada una de ellas para poder generar un marco ideal que pueda conformar el protocolo de cualquier universidad en España, unifican...

Breeding wheat mutant Longfu 03D51 with resisting stem rust and genetic analyzation of resisting disease and RAPD maker

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Yan; Yin Jing; Wang Guangjin; Zhang Hongji; Huang Jinghua; Guo Qiang; Diao Yanling; Liu Dongjun

2007-01-01

Longfu 03D51 was bred using Long 6239 immature embryo as explants through radiation mutagenesis breeding coupled with tissue culture technique. By artificial inoculation and field breeding identified Longfu 03D51 was identified with high resistance to dominant strain 21C 3 CPH, good quality and high yield. Genetic analysis suggested that stem rust was controlled by a single gene. The DNA polymorphism on Longfu 03D51 and its parents were studied by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), 3 primers out of 60 RAPD primers were found polymorphism between the Longfu 03D51 and its parent Long 6239, and 3 stable polyphymorphic bands amplified in Longfu 03D51 with the size of 380bp, 700bp, 600 bp by random primer E07, E11, E17, respectively. Genetic and RAPD analysis indicated that 3 RAPD primers E07, E11, E17 might be linked to the gene of stem rust resistance. (authors)

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Iranian Jujube Ecotypes (Ziziphus spp. Using RAPD Molecular Marker

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S Abbasi

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. is a valuable medicinal plant which is important in Iranian traditional medicines. Although the regional plants such as jujube play an important role in our economy, but they are forgotten in research and technology. Considering the economic and medicinal importance of jujube, the first step in breeding programs is determination of the genetic diversity among the individuals. 34 ecotypes of jujube, which have been collected from eight provinces of Iran, were used in this study. The genetic relationships of Iranian jujube ecotypes were analyzed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD marker. Six out of 15 random decamer primers applied for RAPD analysis, showed an informative polymorphism. According to clustering analysis using UPGMA's methods, the ecotypes were classified into two major groups at the 0.81 level of genetic similarity. The highest value of similarity coefficient (0.92 was detected between Mazandaran and Golestan ecotypes and the most genetic diversity was observed in ecotypes of Khorasan-Jonoubi. The affinity of Khorasan-Jonoubi and Esfahan ecotypes indicated a possible common origin for the variation in these areas. Results indicated that RAPD analysis could be successfully used for the estimation of genetic diversity among Ziziphus ecotypes and it can be useful for further investigations.

Quality parameters and RAPD-PCR differentiation of commercial baker's yeast and hybrid strains.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Fiky, Zaki A; Hassan, Gamal M; Emam, Ahmed M

2012-06-01

Baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a key component in bread baking. Total of 12 commercial baker's yeast and 2 hybrid strains were compared using traditional quality parameters. Total of 5 strains with high leavening power and the 2 hybrid strains were selected and evaluated for their alpha-amylase, maltase, glucoamylase enzymes, and compared using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The results revealed that all selected yeast strains have a low level of alpha-amylase and a high level of maltase and glucoamylase enzymes. Meanwhile, the Egyptian yeast strain (EY) had the highest content of alpha-amylase and maltase enzymes followed by the hybrid YH strain. The EY and YH strains have the highest content of glucoamylase enzyme almost with the same level. The RAPD banding patterns showed a wide variation among commercial yeast and hybrid strains. The closely related Egyptian yeast strains (EY and AL) demonstrated close similarity of their genotypes. The 2 hybrid strains were clustered to Turkish and European strains in 1 group. The authors conclude that the identification of strains and hybrids using RAPD technique was useful in determining their genetic relationship. These results can be useful not only for the basic research, but also for the quality control in baking factories. © 2012 Institute of Food Technologists®

Implementación de técnicas de control distribuido, protocolo OSPF en redes inteligentes de energía

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Calles, José Manuel

2013-01-01

El presente Trabajo Fin de Grado titulado Implementación de técnicas de control distribuido, protocolo OSPF en redes inteligentes de energía, profundiza en la reconfiguración de los enlaces de las subestaciones secundarias en una red de distribución eléctrica inteligente, mediante la implementación de un protocolo robusto, sencillo y fiable, como el protocolo de enrutamiento OSPF. De esta forma, los Agentes virtuales podrán modificar dinámicamente el mapa de conexiones sin la intervención de ...

Diversidade genética de três estoques de piapara (Leporinus elongatus, utilizando RAPD = Genetic diversity of three stocks of piapara (Leporinus elongatus, using RAPD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia Cristina Gomes

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Recentemente a produção aquícola brasileira tem apresentado grandeprogresso. Dentre as espécies nativas cultivadas no Brasil, a piapara (Leporinus elongatus tem sido amplamente preconizada. Com objetivo de avaliar os programas de repovoamento, foram analisadas a variabilidade e a divergência genética de três estoques de piapara com a técnica de RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic. O primeiro estoque pertence à Estação de Aquicultura e Hidrologia da Duke Energy International (A; o segundo, à piscicultura de Rolândia (B e o terceiro, ao Programa de Repovoamento dos Rios do Paraná (C. Os dezprimers para RAPD utilizados produziram 105 fragmentos polimórficos, conferindo um polimorfismo de 98,1% para os três estoques avaliados. A porcentagem de locos polimórficos e índice de Shannon foi superior para o estoque A. Porém, todos valores foram elevados, indicando alta diversidade intrapopulacional. Os valores de Gst indicam que houvebaixa diferenciação genética entre os estoques A x B e moderada diferenciação entre os demais. O Nm foi maior entre os estoques A x B. A distância genética e o dendrograma indicam que os estoques A x B são menos distantes geneticamente.Latelly, aquiculture production in Brazil has made great strides. Among the native species cultivated in Brazil, piapara (Leporinus elogatus has been widely praised. With the objective of evaluating restocking programs, the variability and genetic divergence ofthree piapara stocks were analyzed using the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technique. The first stock belongs to the Aquiculture and Hydrology Station of Duke Energy International (A; the second one belongs to a fish farm in the city of Rolândia(B; and the third to the River Restocking Program of Paraná (C. The ten primers used for RAPD produced 105 polymorphic loci, conferring a polymorphism of 98.1% for the three evaluated stocks. Polymorphic loci percentage and Shannon index were higher for stock A

PROTOCOLO DE SEGURIDAD SSL

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Liusbetty Canino Gutiérrez

2006-12-01

Full Text Available

El creciente uso de Internet, ha dirigido la atención hacia un problema crucial: la privacidad. Para que tenga lugar una negociación en Internet, se precisa, en la mayoría de los casos, que cada entidad participante pueda contar con una manera eficaz de verificar la identidad de las otras y establecer un nivel de confianza. Es necesario, por tanto, crear un entorno que garantice la autenticidad y seguridad de las transacciones que tienen lugar en este proceso. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer es el protocolo de seguridad más estandarizado que, haciendo uso de un conjunto de técnicas criptográficas, asegura confidencialidad e integridad de la información.

Reprodutibilidade intra-observador de um protocolo para avaliação postural em escolares

OpenAIRE

Sedrez, Juliana Adami; Oliveira, Daniela Scotto de; Noll, Matias; Fonseca, Cíntia Detsch; Candotti, Cláudia Tarragô

2013-01-01

O objetivo do estudo foi propor e verificar a reprodutibilidade intraobservador de um protocolo de avaliação postural para o ambiente escolar. Vinte escolares foram submetidos a um protocolo de avaliação postural, com registro fotográfico, avaliação da gibosidade e medição das alturas dos acrômios e das espinhas ilíacas pósterosuperiores. As avaliações foram realizadas em teste e reteste, com intervalo de 14 dias. Os resultados no plano frontal foram moderados para a horizontalidade da pelve ...

Identification of SSR and RAPD markers associated with QTLs of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SERVER

2008-04-03

Apr 3, 2008 ... Parents and. F3 families had significant differences in studied traits (p ≤. 0.01). In this study, SSR and RAPD markers were used together for constructing linkage groups and rescanning the genome of rapeseed to identify QTLs controlling winter survival and related traits. For this, the parental polymorphism ...

Comparative molecular analysis of Herbaspirillum strains by RAPD, RFLP, and 16S rDNA sequencing

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Soares-Ramos Juliana R.L.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Herbaspirillum spp. are endophytic diazotrophic bacteria associated with important agricultural crops. In this work, we analyzed six strains of H. seropedicae (Z78, M2, ZA69, ZA95, Z152, and Z67 and one strain of H. rubrisubalbicans (M4 by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP using HindIII or DraI restriction endonucleases, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD, and partial sequencing of 16S rDNA. The results of these analyses ascribed the strains studied to three distinct groups: group I, consisting of M2 and M4; group II, of ZA69; and group III, of ZA95, Z78, Z67, and Z152. RAPD fingerprinting showed a higher variability than the other methods, and each strain had a unique electrophoretic pattern with five of the six primers used. Interestingly, H. seropedicae M2 was found by all analyses to be genetically very close to H. rubrisubalbicans M4. Our results show that RAPD can distinguish between all Herbaspirillum strains tested.

Identification of RAPD marker associated with brown rust resistance in sugarcane

Science.gov (United States)

Susceptibility to brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala is a major reason for the withdrawal of sugarcane cultivars from production. An efficient way to control the disease is to breed cultivars with durable resistance. Our aim was to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers ...

Experimental infection of chickens and turkeys with Mycoplasma gallisepticum reference strain S6 and North Carolina field isolate RAPD type B.

Science.gov (United States)

Sanei, B; Barnes, H J; Vaillancourt, J P; Leyc, D H

2007-03-01

During an epidemic of mycoplasmosis in chicken and turkey flocks in North Carolina between 1999 and 2001, isolates of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) from affected flocks were characterized by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and eight distinct RAPD types were identified. MG RAPD type B accounted for more than 90% of the isolates and was associated with moderate-to-severe clinical signs and mortality. The virulence of MG RAPD type B for chickens and turkeys was compared with sham-inoculated negative controls and MG S6 (a virulent strain)-inoculated positive controls. Clinical signs occurred in chickens and turkeys inoculated with either MG RAPD type B or MG S6. However, they were not as frequent or severe as those seen in naturally affected flocks, and there was no mortality in the experimental groups. Based on gross and microscopic findings, MG RAPD type B was equal to or more virulent than MG S6. All MG-inoculated birds were culture and PCR positive at 7 and 14 days postinoculation (PI). Among serological tests, the serum plate agglutination test was positive for the majority of chickens and turkeys (58%-100%) infected with either strain of MG at both 7 and 14 days PI. The hemagglutination inhibition test was negative for all birds at 7 days PI and positive for a few chickens (8%-17%) and several turkey sera (40%-60%) at 14 days PI. Only a single serum was positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (an MG S6-infected turkey) at 14 days PI.

Polyembryony and identification of Volkamerian lemon zygotic and nucellar seedlings using RAPD Poliembrionia e identificação de seedlings zigóticos e nucelares de limão volkameriano com RAPD

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María Andrade-Rodríguez

2004-06-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this work were to evaluate the frequency of polyembryony, and to identify zygotic and nucellar seedlings of Citrus volkameriana using RAPD. Twenty-five polyembryonic and eight monoembryonic seeds were cultivated in vitrofor six months. DNA from seedlings was extracted and used in combination with five RAPD primers to identify zygotic or nucellar origin of the seedlings. Environmental conditions of the year affected significantly (POs objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a freqüência da poliembrionia e indentificar os seedlings zigóticos e nucelares de Citrus volkameriana usando RAPD. Cultivaram-se in vitro 25 sementes poliembriônicas e 8 monoembriônicas, por seis meses. Extraiu-se o DNA dos seedlings e usou-se em combinação com cinco primers RAPD para identificar a origem zigótica e nucelar das plântulas. Os resultados mostraram que as condições ambientais do ano afetaram significativamente (P<0,05 as características morfológicas dos frutos e o número de embriões por semente. Os índices de sementes poliembriônicas variaram nos três anos de avaliação (30,9%, 44,8% e 54,4%. As características morfológicas não se correlacionaram com a poliembrionia. A cultura in vitro possibilita que todos os embriões de cada semente cresçam, favorecendo os seedlings identificados como zigóticos. Nas sementes poliembriônicas e monoembriônicas, 25,9% e 87,5% dos seedlings, respectivamente, originaram-se sexualmente. Nem todos os seedlings zigóticos foram produzidos por embriões localizados no micrófilo das sementes poliembriônicas.

Genetic relatedness of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) hybrids using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting.

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Sharaf-Eldin, M A; Al-Tamimi, A; Alam, P; Elkholy, S F; Jordan, J R

2015-12-28

The artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is an important food and medicinal crop that is cultivated in Mediterranean countries. Morphological characteristics, such as head shape and diameter, leaf shape, and bract shape, are mainly affected by environmental conditions. A molecular marker approach was used to analyze the degree of polymorphism between artichoke hybrid lines. The degree of genetic difference among three artichoke hybrids was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR). In this study, the DNA fingerprints of three artichoke lines (A13-010, A11-018, and A12-179) were generated, and a total of 10 decamer primers were applied for RAPD-PCR analyses. Polymorphism  (16.66 to 62.50%) was identified using eight arbitrary decamers and total genomic DNA extracted from the hybrids. Of the 59 loci detected, there were 25 polymorphic and 34 monomorphic loci. Jaccard's similarity index (JSI) ranged between 1.0 and 0.84. Based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) similarity matrix and dendrogram, the results indicated that two hybrids (A13-010 and A11-018) were closely related to each other, and the A12-179 line showed more divergence. When identifying correct accessions, consideration of the genetic variation and genetic relationships among the genotypes are required. The RAPD-PCR fingerprinting of artichoke lines clearly showed that it is possible to analyze the RAPD patterns for correlation between genetic means and differences or resemblance between close accessions (A13-010 and A11- 018) at the genomic level.

Identification of SSR and RAPD markers associated with QTLs of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Because of importance of winter survival in winter type of Brassica napus, this study was performed to identify the QTLs controlling winter survival and related traits using SSR and RAPD markers. For this, an F2:3 population of 200 families derived from crossing between cv. 'SLMO46' (winter type and cold resistant) and cv.

RAPD tagging of salt tolerance gene in rice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ding, H.; Zhang, G.; Guo, Y.; Chen, S.; Chen, S.

1998-01-01

Salinity, which is critical in determining the growth and development of plants, is a major problem affecting ever-increasing areas throughout the world. A salt tolerant rice mutant (M-20) was obtained from accession 77-170 (Oryza sativa) through EMS mutagenesis and selection in vitro. The use of 220 10-mer RAPD primers allowed the identification of a new molecular marker, whose genetic distance from a salt tolerance gene is about 16.4 cM. (author)

Genetic diversity and relationships in mulberry (genus Morus as revealed by RAPD and ISSR marker assays

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Thangavelu K

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The genus Morus, known as mulberry, is a dioecious and cross-pollinating plant that is the sole food for the domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori. Traditional methods using morphological traits for classification are largely unsuccessful in establishing the diversity and relationships among different mulberry species because of environmental influence on traits of interest. As a more robust alternative, PCR based marker assays including RAPD and ISSR were employed to study the genetic diversity and interrelationships among twelve domesticated and three wild mulberry species. Results RAPD analysis using 19 random primers generated 128 discrete markers ranging from 500–3000 bp in size. One-hundred-nineteen of these were polymorphic (92%, with an average of 6.26 markers per primer. Among these were a few putative species-specific amplification products which could be useful for germplasm classification and introgression studies. The ISSR analysis employed six anchored primers, 4 of which generated 93 polymorphic markers with an average of 23.25 markers per primer. Cluster analysis of RAPD and ISSR data using the WINBOOT package to calculate the Dice coefficient resulted into two clusters, one comprising polyploid wild species and the other with domesticated (mostly diploid species. Conclusion These results suggest that RAPD and ISSR markers are useful for mulberry genetic diversity analysis and germplasm characterization, and that putative species-specific markers may be obtained which can be converted to SCARs after further studies.

Estimación mediante RAPD's de la diversidad genética en Guadua en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia

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Palacio M. Juan Diego

2006-06-01

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Mediante RAPD's se analizaron 120 muestras foliares de 12 biotipos de Guadua angustifolia Kunth clasificados morfológicamente, procedentes de la cuenca del río Cauca, en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia, para determinar diversidad genética. El ADN se extrajo mediante el protocolo modificado de Dellaporta (1983. Se emplearon los cebadores; OPF-12, OPG-19, OPN-19 y OPP-16 con mayor número de bandas polimórficas. El índice de Shannon (HT = 0.4556 ± 0.1849 señaló diversidad genética total alta y diversidad entre los biotipos y al interior de ellos. El Índice de estructura genética (Gst = 0.5200 e Indice de migración efectiva (Nm = 0.4615 definieron biotipos bien diferenciados. El análisis de similaridad conformó tres grupos a un coeficiente de 0.64. El grupo G1 incluyó los biotipos Curvado, Rayada frecuente, Amarilla Playón, Rayada ancha, Rayada escasa, Convexa, Amarilla, Hembra, Verde irregular y algunos individuos de verde alta. El grupo G2, Verde alta y Macho. El grupo G3, Rayada negra. El estudio molecular agrupó los individuos de forma similar al estudio morfológico, con excepción de los individuos del biotipo Hembra.

Palabras claves: Guadua angustifolia, caracterización molecular, variación genética.

Genetic diversity in three populations of Avicennia marina along the eastcoast of India by RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Hazarika, Dimendra; Thangaraj, M; Sahu, Sunil Kumar; Kathiresan, K

2013-05-01

Genetic diversity was analysed in three populations of the mangrove species, Avicennia marina by using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Ten random decamer primers were used to score the diversity from three locations of eastcoast of India: Parangipettai (Tamil Nadu), Kakkinada (Andhra Pradesh) and Sundarbans (West Bengal). These primers produced 388 scorable DNA fragments, of which 252 (64.98%) were polymorphic, 182 (46.90%) were monomorphic, and 14 (3.61%) were unique. RAPD banding patterns displayed variations between and within the populations, while, there was no morphological variation.

Genetic (RAPD) diversity between Oleria onega agarista and Oleria onega ssp. (Ithomiinae, Nymphalidae, Lepidoptera) in north-eastern Peru.

Science.gov (United States)

Gallusser, S; Guadagnuolo, R; Rahier, M

2004-05-01

Oleria onega agarista Felder and Felder and Oleria onega ssp. nov. are two Ithomiinae subspecies from north-eastern Peru, that differ for some morphological and behavioural traits. Two contact zones are known near the town of Tarapoto: Ahuashiyacu, where both subspecies cohabit but do not seem to hybridise, and Estero (near the village of Shapaja), where they apparently hybridise. Genetic differences between the two subspecies and between populations were investigated with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Both Cluster and Principal Coordinates Analyses (CCoA and PCoA) performed using these data, provided a clear but weak discrimination between the two subspecies. Genetic diversity is much higher within the populations than between them. Moreover, the geographically more distant populations are grouped together by the genetic data. Morphological traits on the wing patterns of the hybrids are intermediary between the two butterflies subspecies, while RAPDs data place them closer to O. onega agarista than to O. onega ssp. The individuals of the Ahuashiyacu population are clearly separated into two groups, those of O. onega ssp. and O. onega agarista, by both morphology and RAPDs data. Moreover, none of those individuals show RAPD similarity with the hybrids, suggesting that hybridisation has not occurred in this population.

Molecular differentiation of sheep and cattle isolates of Fasciola hepatica using RAPD-PCR

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Khakpour, M.

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Understanding genetic structure and status of genetic variation of Fasciola hepatica isolates from different hosts, has important implications on epidemiology and effective control of fasciolosis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR was used to study the genetic variation of F. hepatica in sheep and cattle. DNA was extracted from adult helminthes removed from livers of each infected animal in slaughterhouse at East-Azerbaijan province, North-West of Iran. DNA template amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, using three oligonucleotide decamers with arbitrary DNA sequences as primers. RAPD patterns showed the specific but different pattern DNA patterns for each primer. The intraspecific similarity coefficient within two isolates of F. hepatica was ranged between 69 to 100%. Present findings showed that the interspecific genetic distance was higher than intraspecific genetic distances (19-47% compares to 0-19%. Pair wise similarity matrices generated from each isolates-primer combination were totaled and the similarity coefficient between strains were calculated both manually (Nei and Li method and software analysis (Free-Tree-Freeware program. The inferred phylogenetic tree on the fingerprinting of these isolates clearly demonstrated the existence of population genetic diversity sub structuring within F. hepatica of sheep and cattle of Iran, raising interesting questions on the host specificity, epidemiology (e.g., zoonotic transmission and ecology of this fluke. RAPD-PCR is useful for both individual identification and epidemiological investigations in endemic regions.

Assessment of genetic diversity in Trigonella foenum-graecum and Trigonella caerulea using ISSR and RAPD markers

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Ranjekar Prabhakar K

2004-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Various species of genus Trigonella are important from medical and culinary aspect. Among these, Trigonella foenum-graecum is commonly grown as a vegetable. This anti-diabetic herb can lower blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Another species, Trigonella caerulea is used as food in the form of young seedlings. This herb is also used in cheese making. However, little is known about the genetic variation present in these species. In this report we describe the use of ISSR and RAPD markers to study genetic diversity in both, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Trigonella caerulea. Results Seventeen accessions of Trigonella foenum-graecum and nine accessions of Trigonella caerulea representing various countries were analyzed using ISSR and RAPD markers. Genetic diversity parameters (average number of alleles per polymorphic locus, percent polymorphism, average heterozygosity and marker index were calculated for ISSR, RAPD and ISSR+RAPD approaches in both the species. Dendrograms were constructed using UPGMA algorithm based on the similarity index values for both Trigonella foenum-graecum and Trigonella caerulea. The UPGMA analysis showed that plants from different geographical regions were distributed in different groups in both the species. In Trigonella foenum-graecum accessions from Pakistan and Afghanistan were grouped together in one cluster but accessions from India and Nepal were grouped together in another cluster. However, in both the species accessions from Turkey did not group together and fell in different clusters. Conclusions Based on genetic similarity indices, higher diversity was observed in Trigonella caerulea as compared to Trigonella foenum-graecum. The genetic similarity matrices generated by ISSR and RAPD markers in both species were highly correlated (r = 0.78 at p = 0.001 for Trigonella foenum-graecum and r = 0.98 at p = 0.001 for Trigonella caerulea indicating congruence between these two systems

RAPD and Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequence Analyses Reveal Zea nicaraguensis as a Section Luxuriantes Species Close to Zea luxurians

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Pei; Lu, Yanli; Zheng, Mingmin; Rong, Tingzhao; Tang, Qilin

2011-01-01

Genetic relationship of a newly discovered teosinte from Nicaragua, Zea nicaraguensis with waterlogging tolerance, was determined based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA using 14 accessions from Zea species. RAPD analysis showed that a total of 5,303 fragments were produced by 136 random decamer primers, of which 84.86% bands were polymorphic. RAPD-based UPGMA analysis demonstrated that the genus Zea can be divided into section Luxuriantes including Zea diploperennis, Zea luxurians, Zea perennis and Zea nicaraguensis, and section Zea including Zea mays ssp. mexicana, Zea mays ssp. parviglumis, Zea mays ssp. huehuetenangensis and Zea mays ssp. mays. ITS sequence analysis showed the lengths of the entire ITS region of the 14 taxa in Zea varied from 597 to 605 bp. The average GC content was 67.8%. In addition to the insertion/deletions, 78 variable sites were recorded in the total ITS region with 47 in ITS1, 5 in 5.8S, and 26 in ITS2. Sequences of these taxa were analyzed with neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods to construct the phylogenetic trees, selecting Tripsacum dactyloides L. as the outgroup. The phylogenetic relationships of Zea species inferred from the ITS sequences are highly concordant with the RAPD evidence that resolved two major subgenus clades. Both RAPD and ITS sequence analyses indicate that Zea nicaraguensis is more closely related to Zea luxurians than the other teosintes and cultivated maize, which should be regarded as a section Luxuriantes species. PMID:21525982

Genetic diversity analysis of chewing sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. varieties by using RAPD markers

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S. M. Sarid Ullah

2013-01-01

Full Text Available In the present study an efficient and easy method was followed for the isolation of DNA from meristem cylinder in five chewing sugarcane varieties, namely Amrita, Bomaby, Babulal (Co.527, Q83 and Misrimala. The quality and quantity of DNA were assured by visual estimation using agarose gel electrophoresis and UV spectrophotometry. The highest amount of DNA was retrieved from the Amrita (3250 ng/ml and the lowest amount was attained from the variety Q83 (1450 ng/ml. The amount of recovered DNA was enough for PCR amplification and marker studies such as random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD. Using RAPD markers, bands obtained from fingerprinting (190 bp to 1200 bp showed 73.5% polymorphism. The dendrogram, based on linkage distance using unweighted pair group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA, indicated segregation of the five chewing varieties of sugarcane into two main clusters. Amrita, Bombay and Misrimala were grouped in cluster 1 (C1 followed by sub-clusters. Babulal and Q83 were grouped in cluster 2 (C2. The results of the present investigation also revealed that the twenty RAPD primers were able to identify and classify the chewing sugarcane varieties based on their genetic relationship.

Genetic Variability of the Tomato Leaf Miner (Tuta absoluta Meirick; Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae, in Tunisia, Inferred from RAPD-PCR Variabilidad Genética del Minador de Hojas de Tomate (Tuta absoluta Meyrick; Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae en Túnez desde RAPD-PCR

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Asma Bettaibi

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta Meyrick has invaded tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. crop in Tunisia since 2008 and is representing today a major threat to the production of this crop. In this study, we used the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAPD-PCR technology to assess the genetic variability within and among seven populations of T. absoluta, collected on tomato from different regions in Tunisia. Using five RAPD-PCR primers and 108 individuals, 140 polymorphic fragments were recorded. From 335 different RAPD phenotypes generated, 71 were redundant and 264 unique to a specific population. The genetic structure of T. absoluta was investigated using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA, genetic distances (Fst and multidimensional scaling (MDS. We detected a high genetic diversity within and among populations in conjunction with a significant differentiation between populations, suggesting that different founder genotypes would have been responsible of the introduction of T. absoluta in Tunisia. The presence of overlapping phenotypes probably indicates migration events between populations, mainly through infested plant material carried by humans.El minador de hojas de tomate Tuta absoluta Meyrick ha invadido el cultivo del tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L. en Túnez desde 2008 y actualmente representa una importante amenaza para su producción. En este estudio usamos la tecnología de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar-reacción de cadena polimerasa (RAPD-PCR para evaluar la variabilidad genética dentro y entre siete poblaciones de T. absoluta, colectadas desde tomate en diferentes regiones de Túnez. Usando cinco primers RAPD-PCR y 108 individuos, se registraron 140 fragmentos polimórficos. Se generaron 335 fenotipos RAPD diferentes, entre los cuales 71 fueron redundantes y 264 únicos para una población específica. La estructura genética de T. absoluta se investigó usando análisis de varianza molecular

Molecular Polymorphisms in Tunisian Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. as Revealed by RAPD Fingerprints

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Jemni Chibani

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The genetic diversity among Tunisian pomegranate cultivars has been investigated. Using universal primers, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD method was used to generate banding profiles from a set of twelve cultivars. Data was then computed with appropriate programs to construct a dendrogram illustrating the relationships between the studied cultivars. Our data proved the efficiency of the designed method to examine the DNA polymorphism in this crop since the tested primers are characterized by a collective resolving power of 12.83. In addition, the cluster analysis has exhibited a parsimonious tree branching independent from the geographic origin of the cultivars. In spite of the relatively low number of primers and cultivars, RAPD constitutes an appropriate procedure to assess the genetic diversity and to survey the phylogenetic relationships in this crop.

El estado actual del protocolo a nivel jurídico y profesional

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Javier Sierra Sánchez

2012-04-01

Full Text Available El protocolo define las manifestaciones externas e internas de las estructuras del poder y es el instrumento que permite que el orden y la eficacia comunicativa organizacional se hagan presentes en el correcto desarrollo de determinados actos públicos y privados. A pesar de su creciente importancia, esta disciplina aún busca el lugar que desde nuestro punto de vista le corresponde en un triple nivel: científico, profesional y académico. A través de la técnica del método de investigación Delphi hemos tratado de recabar las opiniones de una serie de expertos en materia de protocolo con el objetivo de identificar teorías y tendencias al respecto de esta disciplina propia de las ciencias sociales.

Phylogenetic relationship among five geckos from Egypt based on RAPD-PCR and protein electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE

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Nadia H.M. Sayed

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Genetic variations between five gekkonid species from Egypt; Tropiocolotes tripolitanus, Tropiocolotes steudneri, Tropiocolotes nattereri, Tarentola mauritanica and Tarentola annularis were analyzed by SDS–PAGE for water soluble proteins and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis. Based on SDS–PAGE of water soluble proteins for all species, the obtained results revealed a total of 17 bands at molecular weights that ranged from 95 to 16 kDa. The polymorphic bands among species were 11 (64.7% and the mean similarity matrix value between them was 70.7%. Using RAPD-PCR, the results showed eight total amplified bands at molecular weights that ranged from 1408 to 360 bp. The polymorphic bands between species were 7 (87.5% and the mean similarity matrix between them was 44.6%. The dendrogram showed that, the five gekkonid species are separated from each other into two clusters. The first cluster contains three species of the genus Tropiocolotes. The second cluster includes the two species of the genus Tarentola. Based on SDS–PAGE and RAPD-PCR results, T. nattereri is sister to T. steudneri with higher genetic similarity than with T. tripolitanus. It is concluded that, the similarity coefficient and the genetic distance values between the five gekkonid species indicate that the five gekkonid species are not identical and are separated from each other. From these results, it is indicated that the protein and RAPD analysis are useful molecular tools to indicate genetic variation between the species in the same genus or in the different genera.

Comparison of RAPD, RFLP, AFLP and SSR markers for diversity studies in tropical maize inbred lines

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Antonio A. F. Garcia

2004-01-01

Full Text Available In order to compare their relative efficiencies as markers and to find the most suitable marker for maize diversity studies we evaluated 18 inbred tropical maize lines using a number of different loci as markers. The loci used were: 774 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs; 262 random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs; 185 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs; and 68 simple sequence repeats (SSR. For estimating genetic distance the AFLP and RFLP markers gave the most correlated results, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.87. Bootstrap analysis were used to evaluate the number of loci for the markers and the coefficients of variation (CV revealed a skewed distribution. The dominant markers (AFLP and RAPD had small CV values indicating a skewed distribution while the codominant markers gave high CV values. The use of maximum values of genetic distance CVs within each sample size was efficient in determining the number of loci needed to obtain a maximum CV of 10%. The number of RFLP and AFLP loci used was enough to give CV values of below 5%, while the SSRs and RAPD loci gave higher CV values. Except for the RAPD markers, all the markers correlated genetic distance with single cross performance and heterosis which showed that they could be useful in predicting single cross performance and heterosis in intrapopulation crosses for broad-based populations. Our results indicate that AFLP seemed to be the best-suited molecular assay for fingerprinting and assessing genetic relationships among tropical maize inbred lines with high accuracy.

Genetic and metabolic diversity in Stevia rebaudiana using RAPD and HPTLC analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Chester, Karishma; Tamboli, Ennus Tajuddin; Parveen, Rabea; Ahmad, Sayeed

2013-06-01

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (Asteraceae) is an important medicinal plant and is much used due to its zero calories sweetening property. Stevia leaves as well as its extracts and pure compounds are currently used in the preparation of several medicines, food products and neutraceuticals. To study the genetic and metabolic variability in S. rebaudiana among accessions of different geographical regions of India using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis. The RAPD analysis of Stevia rebaudiana (11 accessions) was carried out using 20 random operon primers. Dendrogram was constructed for cluster analysis based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) using Winboot. The HPTLC analysis of all samples was carried out on silica using acetone:ethyl acetate:water (5:4:1, v/v/v) for fingerprinting and quantification of stevioside and rebaudioside A at 360 nm after spraying with anisaldehyde sulphuric acid. Ten out of 20 primers screened were found most informative; amplification products of the genotypes yielded a total of 87 scorable bands (67 polymorphic), whereas genetic similarity (GS) coefficient (0.01-0.08) and polymorphism (67.24-92.40%) showed huge variability. Similarly, HPTLC analysis showed large variation among different samples with respect to their presence or absence of metabolite and their concentration. Out of the 11 Stevia accessions, Delhi and Mohali varieties showed much relatedness with each other and were concluded to be the superior genotype in context to RAPD and HPTLC analysis. The information obtained here could be valuable for devising strategies for cultivating this medicinal plant.

RAPD-PCR characterization of lactobacilli isolated from artisanal meat plants and traditional fermented sausages of Veneto region (Italy).

Science.gov (United States)

Andrighetto, C; Zampese, L; Lombardi, A

2001-07-01

The study was carried out to evaluate the use of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) as a method for the identification of lactobacilli isolated from meat products. RAPD-PCR with primers M13 and D8635 was applied to the identification and intraspecific differentiation of 53 lactobacilli isolates originating from traditional fermented sausages and artisanal meat plants of the Veneto region (Italy). Most of the isolates were assigned to the species Lactobacillus sakei and Lact. curvatus; differentiation of groups of strains within the species was also possible. RAPD-PCR could be applied to the identification of lactobacilli species most commonly found in meat products. The method, which is easy and rapid to perform, could be useful for the study of the lactobacilli populations present in fermented sausages, and could help in the selection of candidate strains to use as starter cultures in meat fermentation.

Detection and genetic distance of resistant populations of Pseudosuccinea columella (Mollusca: Lymnaeidae) to Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda: Digenea) using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Calienes, Aymé Fernandez; Fraga, Jorge; Pointier, Jean-Pierre; Yong, Mary; Sanchez, Jorge; Coustau, Christine; Gutiérrez, Alfredo; Théron, André

2004-09-01

Twelve natural populations of Pseudosuccinea columella snails, sampled in the western and central regions of Cuba, were analyzed using the RAPD-PCR technique to screen for resistance to Fasciola hepatica. Ten OPA primers previously shown to produce marker bands for resistance and susceptibility were tested. A new population of P. columella (El Azufre, Pinar del Río) exhibited the amplification patterns of resistant snails, and its resistant status was confirmed after experimental exposure to miracidia. No genetic variability was detected across or within the susceptible isolates. Similarly, the novel resistant isolate displayed an RAPD profile identical to the profile of two other isolates previously identified as resistant to F. hepatica. However, clear differences in RAPD banding patterns and genetic distance were observed between resistant and susceptible isolates.

Genetic variability of Pantaneiro horse using RAPD-PCR markers

OpenAIRE

Egito,Andréa Alves do; Fuck,Beatriz Helena; McManus,Concepta; Paiva,Samuel Rezende; Albuquerque,Maria do Socorro Maués; Santos,Sandra Aparecida; Abreu,Urbano Gomes Pinto de; Silva,Joaquim Augusto da; Sereno,Fabiana Tavares Pires de Souza; Mariante,Arthur da Silva

2007-01-01

Blood samples were collected from Pantaneiro Horses in five regions of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso States. Arabian, Mangalarga Marchador and Thoroughbred were also included to estimate genetic distances and the existing variability among and within these breeds by RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA - Polymerase Chain Reaction) molecular markers. From 146 primers, 13 were chosen for amplification and 44 polymorphic bands were generated. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)...

Estandarización de un protocolo de regeneración en pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel Moran

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Diego Geraldo Caetano Nunez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de meristemos axilares (aréolas cultivados en medio MS (Murashige y Skoog se estandarizó un protocolo de regeneración in vitro vía organogénesis indirecta en pitahaya amarilla (Selenicereus megalanthus. Se ensayaron tres concentraciones de 2,4-D (2.26, 3.26 y 4.26 µM y 2,4-D suplementado con 6-BAP al 2.21 µM; y tres concentraciones de TDZ (200, 300 y 400 µM o TDZ con 6-BAP, para un total de 12 tratamientos. Las condiciones de crecimiento evaluadas incluyeron el uso de luz (fotoperiodo de 16/8 y oscuridad (0/24. El 2,4-D indujo callo, pero la eficiencia en regeneración para la especie fue nula. A su vez, el TDZ o TDZ suplementado con BAP se mostró más eficiente en la inducción de callos compactos, de color verde-morado, con capacidad de regeneración vía organogénesis indirecta. Con el TDZ a 300 µM se observó mayor eficiencia de respuesta, ya que el número de brotes formados por punto de regeneración fue el más alto. Un análisis histológico confirmó la vía de regeneración en S. megalanthus, evidenciando estructuras primordiales características de la formación de brotes a partir de callos.

Implantação do Protocolo de Manejo de Sepse no Pronto Atendimento do Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais

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Susan Natielli Scheidt

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Justificativa e Objetivo: A sepse é um desafio para a saúde pública, sendo os protocolos fundamentais para seu manejo. Objetivou-se avaliar a implantação de um protocolo assistencial de manejo de sepse e caracterizar os pacientes submetidos a avaliação clínica. Método: Estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal realizado na unidade de Pronto Atendimento (PA do Hospital Universitário Regional dos Campos Gerais. O protocolo foi elaborado a partir da literatura, com foco nos pacientes adultos com critérios de síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica (SIRS, sepse, sepse grave e choque séptico, sendo descrito por meio de fluxograma. Fizeram parte do estudo os pacientes atendidos no PA entre julho a setembro de 2016 submetidos ao protocolo (n=50, sendo os dados coletados por meio dos prontuários eletrônicos e analisados descritivamente. Resultados: Para implantação do protocolo realizou-se capacitações da equipe atuante no PA, para aceitação e alinhamento de conhecimentos quanto os aspectos conceituais, técnicos e logísticos. O protocolo é composto por 3 etapas: abordagem inicial ao paciente com sepse; pacote 3/6 horas – otimização hemodinâmica e pacote opcional -otimização de Saturação venosa central de oxigênio/ pressão venosa central. Os pacientes submetidos ao protocolo tinham idade média de 66 anos (dp=±13,71, a maioria era 56% mulheres, apresentaram hipotensão (96%, elevação da creatinina (76% e leucocitose (70% entre as SIRS, realização imediata de exames (100%, início da antibioticoterapia (74% e óbito (72%. Conclusão: a implantação do protocolo subsidiou a identificação precoce dos pacientes, qualificação do cuidado, ganho operacional e as características dos pacientes condizentes com quadros graves de sepse.

Molecular characterization of Aspergillus infections in an Iranian educational hospital using RAPD-PCR method

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Kambiz Diba

2014-09-01

Conclusion: The hospital sources for the Aspergillus clinical isolates included air condition and walls. RAPD-PCR analysis can play a trivial role to find the hospital sources of Aspergillus clinical isolates.

Impact of gamma rays on the Phaffia rhodozyma genome revealed by RAPD-PCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Najafi, N; Hosseini, Ramin; Ahmadi, Ar

2011-12-01

Phaffia rhodozyma is a red yeast which produces astaxanthin as the major carotenoid pigment. Astaxanthin is thought to reduce the incidence of cancer and degenerative diseases in man. It also enhances the immune response and acts as a free-radical quencher, a precursor of vitamin A, or a pigment involved in the visual attraction of animals as mating partners. The impact of gamma irradiation was studied on the Phaffia rhodozyma genome. Ten mutant strains, designated Gam1-Gam10, were obtained using gamma irradiation. Ten decamer random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were employed to assess genetic changes. Nine primers revealed scorable polymorphisms and a total of 95 band positions were scored; amongst which 38 bands (37.5%) were polymorphic. Primer F with 3 bands and primer J20 with 13 bands produced the lowest and the highest number of bands, respectively. Primer A16 produced the highest number of polymorphic bands (70% polymorphism) and primer F showed the lowest number of polymorphic bands (0% polymorphism). Genetic distances were calculated using Jaccard's coefficient and the UPGMA method. A dendrogram was created using SPSS (version 11.5) and the strains were clustered into four groups. RAPD markers could distinguish between the parental and the mutant strains of P. rhodozyma. RAPD technique showed that some changes had occurred in the genome of the mutated strains. This technique demonstrated the capability to differentiate between the parental and the mutant strains.

Molecular Characterization of Selected Local and Exotic Cattle Using RAPD Marker

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M. Mahfuza Khatun

2012-06-01

Full Text Available In order to develop specific genetic markers and determine the genetic diversity of Bangladeshi native cattle (Pabna, Red Chittagong and exotic breeds (Sahiwal, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis was performed using 12 primers. Genomic DNA was extracted from 20 cattle (local and exotic blood samples and extracted DNA was observed by gel electrophoresis. Among the random primers three were matched and found to be polymorphic. Genetic relations between cattle’s were determined by RAPD polymorphisms from a total of 66.67%. Statistical analysis of the data, estimating the genetic distances between cattle and sketching the cluster trees were estimated by using MEGA 5.05 software. Comparatively highest genetic distance (0.834 was found between RCC-82 and SL-623. The lowest genetic distance (0.031 was observed between M-1222 and M-5730. The genetic diversity of Red Chittagong and Sahiwal cattle was relatively higher for a prescribed breed. Adequate diversity in performance and adaptability can be exploited from the study results for actual improvement accruing to conservation and development of indigenous cattle resources.

Protocolo de dermatitis atópica

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Herrero González JE

2011-09-01

Full Text Available La Sociedad Española de Farmacia Comunitaria (SEFAC junto con la Unidad de Dermatología del Hospital del Mar de Barcelona han elaborado esta revisión a fondo de la dermatitis atópica, una patología cada vez con mayor prevalencia en nuestra sociedad y en muchas ocasiones desconocida. Como resultado de esta colaboración se ha elaborado un protocolo de actuación consensuado por ambas partes, donde quedan establecidos los criterios de gravedad y los criterios de derivación con el objetivo de facilitar al farmacéutico comunitario su labor diaria con los pacientes de dermatitis atópica.

Estimation of genetic distance among genotypes of caraway (Carum carvi L. using RAPD-PCR

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Katarzyna Seidler-Łożykowska

2014-04-01

Full Text Available In order to estimate genetic diversity among starting materials and breeding strains of caraway, a collection of 17 accessions from botanical gardens in Europe, two cultivars ‘Rekord’ and ‘Kończewicki’, and four own breeding strains were analyzed by RAPD-PCR. The representative samples, each of five individual plants of accession, cultivar or strain, were taken from young rosette leaves. Forty of Genset Oligos RAPD primers were used for analysis and eight of them produced clear and reproducible banding patterns. In total, 62 banding patterns were obtained revealing 23 polymorphic bands, whereas the number of polymorphic bands ranged from two to four for one primer. The GS12 and GS43 primers generated two polymorphic bands, while each of the GS8, GS21, GS22, GS41 and GS53 primers generated three bands. The GS53 primer was the most informative one, revealing 60% of the estimated polymorphism. The estimated value of genetic distance ranged from 0.22 to 0.67. The lowest genetic distance was found between accessions from Cluj and Lousanne (0.22. The highest genetic distance was estimated between accession fromBerlinand the strain no. 6 of cultivar ‘Kończewicki’ (0.67. UPGMA cluster analysis, based on eight RAPD primers, categorized the analyzed genotypes into four groups.

Diversidade genética de pitayas nativas do cerrado com base em marcadores RAPD Genetic diversity of native pitaya native from brazilian savannas with basis on RAPD markers

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Keize Pereira Junqueira

2010-09-01

Full Text Available As pitayas do Cerrado vegetam naturalmente sobre maciços rochosos de arenito ou quartzito, troncos de árvores e em solos arenosos de campos rupestres de Minas Gerais, Bahia, Goiás, Distrito Federal, Tocantins, Rio de Janeiro e Bahia, havendo fortes evidências de que a região central do Brasil seja o maior centro de dispersão das pitayas, tendo em vista a grande diversidade fenotípica observada em acessos coletados. Objetivou-se realizar o estudo da diversidade genética de 13 acessos de pitayas mantidos na coleção de germoplasma da Embrapa Cerrados por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. O DNA genômico de cada acesso foi extraído, e quatorze iniciadores decâmeros foram utilizados para a obtenção de marcadores moleculares RAPD, que foram convertidos em matriz de dados binários, a partir da qual foram estimadas as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos com base no complemento do coeficiente de similaridade de Nei e Li (1979 e realizadas análises de agrupamento e de dispersão gráfica. Foram obtidos 162 marcadores RAPD, perfazendo uma média de 11,57 marcadores por primer. Do total de marcadores, 154 (95,06% foram polimórficos. As distâncias genéticas variaram entre 0,088 e 0,848, sendo que os maiores valores observados se referem a distância entre o acesso de Unaí-MG e o acesso Seleção Embrapa Cerrados. O acesso que mais se diferenciou dos demais foi "Unaí-MG", que apresentou uma distância genética média de 0,675 em relação aos demais acessos. A alta distância genética verificada é devido ao fato de os referidos acessos não pertencerem à mesma espécie. Os agrupamentos dos acessos de pitaya pouco se relacionaram com a origem geográfica dos mesmos. A grande diversidade genética das pitayas encontradas no Cerrado permite incluir esse Bioma no centro de diversidade e abre boas perspectivas para maiores estudos acerca do potencial dessa frutífera.Brazilian savanna pitayas

Caracterización de tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp. con marcadores moleculares RAPD Characterization of the red tilapia Oreochromis sp. through molecular markers RAPD

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Julieta Torres Jaramillo

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Se utilizó la técnica RAPD (amplificación al azar de ADN polimórfico para el estudio de la diversidad genética de Oreochromis sp. (tilapia roja en cinco piscícolas del Valle del Cauca (Colombia y en la determinación del nivel de introgresión de las especies parentales Oreochromis mosambicus, O. niloticus y O. aureus. Se evaluaron 25 cebadores, ocho fueron polimórficos y se obtuvieron 109 bandas. Los valores de heterocigosidad esperada (0.196 a 0.256 y la estructura genética (Gst = 0.22 para Oreochromis sp. indicaron un elevado grado de polimorfismo y alta estructuración genética. Estos resultados fueron consistente con el Fst = 0.268 (P Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD markers were used to study genetic diversity on red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp. species collected from five fish farms located in the Valle del Cauca, Colombia and to determine the level of introgression from three parental species O. mosambicus, O. niloticus and O. aureus into local Oreochromis populations. from the 25 RAPD primers evaluated, eight were polymorphic and 109 banding patterns were observed, any of them were specific. The expected levels of heterozygosis (0.1964 to 0.2561 and genetic structure (Gst = 0.22 funded for Oreochrosmis sp. indicate high grade of polymorphism and genetic structuring. This results were observed following the analysis of molecular variance [AMOVA] (Fst = 0.268 (P <0.0001 and Multiple correspondence analysis (Gst = 0.040. The values of genetic similarity, the analysis of group, the analysis of multiple correspondence and the level of introgression, indicated that the differences in the introgression levels(P=0.0001 were significant. The low level of observed genetic differentiation among populations, could be the result of fish with the same genetic origin, whereas the high variation within populations can be displayed by handling practices and the pressure of selection to favor commercial phenotypes. The level of introgression

Effect of nickel on regeneration in Jatropha curcas L. and assessment of genotoxicity using RAPD markers

KAUST Repository

Sarkar, Tanmoy

2010-07-08

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of nickel on shoot regeneration in tissue culture as well as to identify polymorphisms induced in leaf explants exposed to nickel through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). In vitro leaf explants of Jatropha curcas were grown in nickel amended Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium at four different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 mM) for 3 weeks. Percent regeneration, number of shoots produced and genotoxic effects were evaluated by RAPD using leaf explants obtained from the first three treatments following 5 weeks of their subsequent subculture in metal free MS medium. Percent regeneration decreased with increase in addition of nickel to the medium up to 14 days from 42.31% in control to zero in 1.0 mM. The number of shoot buds scored after 5 weeks was higher in control as compared to all other treatments except in one of the metal free subculture medium wherein the shoot number was higher in 0.01 mM treatment (mean = 7.80) than control (mean = 7.60). RAPD analysis produced only 5 polymorphic bands (3.225%) out of a total of 155 bands from 18 selected primers. Only three primers OPK-19, OPP-2, OPN-08 produced polymorphic bands. The dendrogram showed three groups A, B, and C. Group A samples showed 100% genetic similarity within them. Samples between groups B and C were more genetically distant from each other as compared to samples between groups A and B as well as groups A and C. Cluster analysis based on RAPD data correlated with treatments. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Declaración SPIRIT 2013: definición de los elementos estándares del protocolo de un ensayo clínico*

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, An-Wen; Tetzlaff, Jennifer M.; Altman, Douglas G.; Laupacis, Andreas; Gøtzsche, Peter C.; Krleža-Jerić, Karmela; Hrobjartsson, Asbjørn; Mann, Howard; Dickersin, Kay; Berlin, Jesse A.; Dore, Caroline J.; Parulekar, Wendy R.; Summerskill, William S.M.; Groves, Trish; Schulz, Kenneth F.; Sox, Harold C.; Rockhold, Frank W.; Rennie, Drummond; Moher, David

2016-01-01

Resumen El protocolo de un ensayo clínico es la base para planificar, ejecutar, publicar y evaluar el ensayo. Sin embargo, los protocolos y las guías que existen para su elaboración varían enormemente en cuanto a su calidad y contenido. En este artículo se describe la elaboración sistemática y el alcance de la Declaración SPIRIT 2013 (denominada así por la sigla en inglés de Standard Protocol items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials o Elementos estándares de un protocolo: recomendaciones para los ensayos de intervención), una guía en la que se establecen los contenidos mínimos que debe tener el protocolo de un ensayo clínico. La lista de comprobación de la declaración SPIRIT, que consta de 33 elementos, se aplica a los protocolos de todos los ensayos clínicos y se centra más en el contenido que en el formato. En esta lista se recomienda hacer una descripción completa de lo que se ha planificado, aunque no se establece cómo diseñar o ejecutar un ensayo. Al brindar orientación sobre los contenidos fundamentales, las recomendaciones SPIRIT procuran facilitar la redacción de protocolos de alta calidad. El cumplimiento de las recomendaciones SPIRIT debería mejorar la transparencia y la exhaustividad de los protocolos de los ensayos en beneficio de los investigadores, los participantes, los pacientes, los patrocinadores, los financiadores, los comités de ética de la investigación o las juntas de revisión institucionales, los revisores, las revistas biomédicas, los registros de ensayos, los formuladores de políticas, los organismos reguladores y otras partes interesadas clave. PMID:27440100

Efecto de la morfología de los embriones somáticos en la regeneración de plantas de soya (Glycine max L. Merrill)

OpenAIRE

Pérez-Pérez, Jorge L.; García-Rodríguez, Lourdes; Veitía-Rodríguez, Novisel; Bermúdes-Caraballoso, Idalmis; Collado-López, Raúl; Torres-Rodríguez, Damaris

2017-01-01

Los protocolos establecidos para la regeneración de plantas vía embriogénesis somática en soya (Glycine max L. Merrill), son específicos para un número reducido de cultivares, lo que requiere de nuevos estudios que permitan disponer de protocolos más eficientes y reproducibles en un mayor número de genotipos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del tipo de morfología de los embriones somáticos en la germinación y conversión a planta en soya cultivar ʻIncasoy-27ʼ. Se emplearon...

Use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) for generating specific DNA probes for oxyuroid species (Nematoda).

Science.gov (United States)

Jobet, E; Bougnoux, M E; Morand, S; Rivault, C; Cloarec, A; Hugot, J P

1998-03-01

Random amplified DNA markers (RAPD; Williams et al., 1990) were used to obtained specific RAPD fragments characterising different species of oxyuroids. We tested six species of worms parasitizing vertebrates or invertebrates: Passalurus ambiguus Rudolphi, 1819, parasite of Leporids; Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) Seurat, 1916, a parasite of rodents; Blatticola blattae (Graeffe, 1860) Chitwood, 1932 parasite of the cockroach Blattella germanica; Hammerschmidtiella diesingi (Hammerschmidt, 1838) Chitwood, 1932 and Thelastoma bulhoesi (Magalhaes, 1990) Travassos, 1929, parasites of the cockroach Periplaneta americana, and an undescribed parasite species of a passalid insect from New Caledonia. Among 15 oligonucleotides tested, nine produced several specific bands allowing the interspecific discrimination.

Molecular characterization and identification of markers for toxic and non-toxic varieties of Jatropha curcas L. using RAPD, AFLP and SSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Sudheer Pamidimarri, D V N; Singh, Sweta; Mastan, Shaik G; Patel, Jalpa; Reddy, Muppala P

2009-07-01

Jatropha curcas L., a multipurpose shrub has acquired significant economic importance for its seed oil which can be converted to biodiesel, is emerging as an alternative to petro-diesel. The deoiled seed cake remains after oil extraction is toxic and cannot be used as a feed despite having best nutritional contents. No quantitative and qualitative differences were observed between toxic and non-toxic varieties of J. curcas except for phorbol esters content. Development of molecular marker will enable to differentiate non-toxic from toxic variety in a mixed population and also help in improvement of the species through marker assisted breeding programs. The present investigation was undertaken to characterize the toxic and non-toxic varieties at molecular level and to develop PCR based molecular markers for distinguishing non-toxic from toxic or vice versa. The polymorphic markers were successfully identified specific to non-toxic and toxic variety using RAPD and AFLP techniques. Totally 371 RAPD, 1,442 AFLP markers were analyzed and 56 (15.09%) RAPD, 238 (16.49%) AFLP markers were found specific to either of the varieties. Genetic similarity between non-toxic and toxic verity was found to be 0.92 by RAPD and 0.90 by AFLP fingerprinting. In the present study out of 12 microsatellite markers analyzed, seven markers were found polymorphic. Among these seven, jcms21 showed homozygous allele in the toxic variety. The study demonstrated that both RAPD and AFLP techniques were equally competitive in identifying polymorphic markers and differentiating both the varieties of J. curcas. Polymorphism of SSR markers prevailed between the varieties of J. curcas. These RAPD and AFLP identified markers will help in selective cultivation of specific variety and along with SSRs these markers can be exploited for further improvement of the species through breeding and Marker Assisted Selection (MAS).

RAPD analysis of mutants obtained by ion beam irradiation to hinoki cypress shoot primordia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishii, K.; Yamada, Y.; Hase, Y.; Shikazono, N.; Tanaka, A.

2003-01-01

Mutants were induced by irradiation of the shoot primordia of Hinoki cypress with 50 MeV 4 He 2+ heavy ion beam. Fresh shoot primordia on the CD medium in the plastic Petri dish (35 x 10 mm) were irradiated. Xanta mutants were induced from 38 to 266 Gy irradiation. Waxy mutants were induced from 76 to 266 Gy irradiation. Xanta, waxy and control type of regenerated Hinoki cypress in vitro were checked for their DNA level difference using RAPD analysis. Among 81 primers used, 23 primers produced the 68 bands. Among them stable 44 bands produced by 15 primers were compared between mutants and control plant. So far, there is no variation among the RAPD analysis band patterns of those mutants. Bigger test size may detect the gene variation specific for mutants

Genetic analysis of Penthorum chinense Pursh by improved RAPD and ISSR in China

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Zhiqiang Mei

2017-11-01

Conclusions: This study indicated that improved RAPD and ISSR methods are useful tools for evaluating the genetic diversity and characterizing P. chinense. Our findings can provide the theoretical basis for cultivar identification, standardization, and molecular-assisted breeding of P. chinense for medicinal use.

Variabilidade genética de acessos de pitaya com diferentes níveis de produção por meio de marcadores RAPD Pitaya accesses genetic variability with different pruduction levels through RAPD markers

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Keize Pereira Junqueira

2010-09-01

Full Text Available A espécie de pitaya mais cultivada atualmente é Hylocereus undatus, a pitaya-vermelha-de-polpa-branca. Colômbia e México são os principais produtores mundiais e, devido à sua rusticidade, a pitaya é considerada uma alternativa potencialmente viável também para o aproveitamento de solos pedregosos, arenosos e maciços rochosos. Apesar da crescente demanda, ainda não há uma cultivar lançada no mercado que atenda às necessidades climáticas de produção e às exigências do consumidor brasileiro. O presente trabalho é parte do programa de seleção e melhoramento da pitaya CPAC PY-01 da Embrapa Cerrados. Objetivou-se realizar o estudo da variabilidade genética de 16 acessos de pitayas mantidos na coleção de germoplasma da Embrapa Cerrados, apresentando diferentes características fenotípicas relacionadas especialmente à produção, por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. O DNA genômico de cada acesso foi extraído, e onze iniciadores decâmeros foram utilizados para a obtenção de marcadores moleculares RAPD, que foram convertidos em matriz de dados binários, a partir da qual foram estimadas as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos e realizadas análises de agrupamento e de dispersão gráfica. Foram obtidos 111 marcadores RAPD, perfazendo uma média de 10,1 marcadores por primer, dos quais 45 (40,54% foram polimórficos. As distâncias genéticas entre os 16 acessos variaram entre 0,006 e 0,148. As maiores distâncias genéticas foram obtidas entre os acessos "52" e "61", sendo que, em 2007, o primeiro produziu mais de 25 frutos, e o segundo, nenhum. Assim, deduz-se que, nesse caso, a próvável causa da variação seja genotípica. As menores distâncias genéticas foram constatadas entre os acessos "63"e "55" e entre "19"e "59". Os dois grupos apresentaram valores de produção próximos. Os marcadores moleculares RAPD mostraram que, mesmo dentro da mesma espécie, há variabilidade gen

Molecular Identification of Date Palm Cultivars Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Khalifah, Nasser S; Shanavaskhan, A E

2017-01-01

Ambiguity in the total number of date palm cultivars across the world is pointing toward the necessity for an enumerative study using standard morphological and molecular markers. Among molecular markers, DNA markers are more suitable and ubiquitous to most applications. They are highly polymorphic in nature, frequently occurring in genomes, easy to access, and highly reproducible. Various molecular markers such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR), inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have been successfully used as efficient tools for analysis of genetic variation in date palm. This chapter explains a stepwise protocol for extracting total genomic DNA from date palm leaves. A user-friendly protocol for RAPD analysis and a table showing the primers used in different molecular techniques that produce polymorphisms in date palm are also provided.

Electrorretinograma: Valores normales con diferentes protocolos de estudio Electroretinogram: Normal values with different study protocols

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Rosaralis Paneca Santiesteban

2005-12-01

Full Text Available En 7 investigaciones por separado se llevó a cabo, el registro, la observación y comparación de los valores normales de frecuencia macular, amplitud y latencia de las ondas A y B del electrorretinograma, por cada ojo, obtenidos con diferentes electrodos, equipos y protocolos para registrarlo, usados durante los años 1977 hasta el 2000 en el laboratorio de Electrofisiología de la Visión del Instituto de Neurología y Neurocirugía. Se incluyó la metodología del electrorretinograma más recientemente utilizada, según las normas internacionales sobre el electrorretinograma estandarizado de la Sociedad Internacional para la Electrofisiología de la Visión, que fue el único protocolo de este trabajo en que se incluyó midriasis y preadaptación a la oscuridad o a la luz. Los valores de amplitud, latencia y réplica macular de cada uno de esos protocolos se exponen y se comparan entre sí los de similar protocolo. Ademàs, se presentan las curvas y valores del electrorretinograma estandarizado según las normas de la sociedad antes referidaA study was conducted in 7 separate researches, where the normal values of macular frequency, amplitude and latency of the A and B waves of the electroretinogram were recorded, observed and compared for each eye. These data were obtained with different electrodes, equipment and protocols that were used from 1977 to 2000 at the Laboratory of Vision Electrophysiology of the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery. These techniques have allowed to characterize diseases and to suggest the site of the injuries causing them

PROTOCOLO DE ASSISTÊNCIA A PESSOAS COM ÚLCERAS VENOSAS: VALIDAÇÃO DE CONTEÚDO

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Daniele Vieira Dantas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Las úlceras venosas requieren tratamiento complejo y son responsables por morbilidad y mortalidad significativas. El objetivo fue identificar aspectos validados por jueces para preparación de protocolo para personas con úlceras venosas. Investigación descriptiva y cuantitativ a, con 39 profesionales (30 enfermeros, 7 médicos y 2 fisioterapeutas, en el Hospital Universitario Onofre Lopes, entre abril y julio/2010. La recolección de datos a través de lista de verificación cuestionario. Análisis se realizó en Statistical Package for Social Science 15.0 evaluando directrices de cumplimiento. Los resultados fueron aspectos compositivos del protocolo: evaluación del paciente y lesión de registro/documentación, cuidado de herida/piel perilesional, cobertura de sentencias, uso de antibióticos y tratamiento del dolor, tratamiento quirúrgico/medicación, mejorando retorno venoso y prevención repetición, derivación de pacientes, formación, referencia/contra-referencia. Para componer el protocolo, son aspectos necesarios diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de lesiones.

Identification of Bacillus Probiotics Isolated from Soil Rhizosphere Using 16S rRNA, recA, rpoB Gene Sequencing and RAPD-PCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohkam, Milad; Nezafat, Navid; Berenjian, Aydin; Mobasher, Mohammad Ali; Ghasemi, Younes

2016-03-01

Some Bacillus species, especially Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus groups, have highly similar 16S rRNA gene sequences, which are hard to identify based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis. To conquer this drawback, rpoB, recA sequence analysis along with randomly amplified polymorphic (RAPD) fingerprinting was examined as an alternative method for differentiating Bacillus species. The 16S rRNA, rpoB and recA genes were amplified via a polymerase chain reaction using their specific primers. The resulted PCR amplicons were sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was employed by MEGA 6 software. Identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing was underpinned by rpoB and recA gene sequencing as well as RAPD-PCR technique. Subsequently, concatenation and phylogenetic analysis showed that extent of diversity and similarity were better obtained by rpoB and recA primers, which are also reinforced by RAPD-PCR methods. However, in one case, these approaches failed to identify one isolate, which in combination with the phenotypical method offsets this issue. Overall, RAPD fingerprinting, rpoB and recA along with concatenated genes sequence analysis discriminated closely related Bacillus species, which highlights the significance of the multigenic method in more precisely distinguishing Bacillus strains. This research emphasizes the benefit of RAPD fingerprinting, rpoB and recA sequence analysis superior to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for suitable and effective identification of Bacillus species as recommended for probiotic products.

DNA landmarks for genetic relatedness and diversity assessment in Pakistani wheat genotypes using RAPD markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siddiqui, M.F.; Iqbal, S.; Naz, N.; Khan, S.; Erum, S.

2010-01-01

DNA profiles from 10 Pakistani wheat genotypes were evaluated for diversity assessment based on RAPD markers. A total of 79 DNA fragments were generated by 10 RAPD primers, with an average of 7.9 bands primer-1. Of these, 64 fragments (81%) were polymorphic among 10 genotypes. Genetic diversity was evaluated via UPGMA cluster analysis by constructing dendrogram, which were used for the calculation of similarity coefficients between these genotypes. The greatest similarity (95%) was observed between PR-94 and PR-95, whereas PR-96 with PR-90 showed the lowest similarity (60%). Adoption of this technology would be useful to the plant protection regulatory systems, especially for plant variety identification and registration of new plant varieties, breeding programs and protection purposes. (author)

DNA landmarks for genetic relatedness and diversity assessment in Pakistani wheat genotypes using RAPD markers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Siddiqui, M F; Iqbal, S; Naz, N; Khan, S [Federal Seed Certification and Registration Dept., Islamabad (Pakistan); Erum, S [National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad (Pakistan). Plant Genetic Resources Inst.

2010-04-15

DNA profiles from 10 Pakistani wheat genotypes were evaluated for diversity assessment based on RAPD markers. A total of 79 DNA fragments were generated by 10 RAPD primers, with an average of 7.9 bands primer-1. Of these, 64 fragments (81%) were polymorphic among 10 genotypes. Genetic diversity was evaluated via UPGMA cluster analysis by constructing dendrogram, which were used for the calculation of similarity coefficients between these genotypes. The greatest similarity (95%) was observed between PR-94 and PR-95, whereas PR-96 with PR-90 showed the lowest similarity (60%). Adoption of this technology would be useful to the plant protection regulatory systems, especially for plant variety identification and registration of new plant varieties, breeding programs and protection purposes. (author)

Genetic relationships among Orobanche species as revealed by RAPD analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Román, B; Alfaro, C; Torres, A M; Moreno, M T; Satovic, Z; Pujadas, A; Rubiales, D

2003-05-01

RAPD markers were used to study variation among 20 taxa in the genus OROBANCHE: O. alba, O. amethystea, O. arenaria, O. ballotae, O. cernua, O. clausonis, O. cumana, O. crenata, O. densiflora, O. foetida, O. foetida var. broteri, O. gracilis, O. haenseleri, O. hederae, O. latisquama, O. mutelii, O. nana, O. ramosa, O. rapum-genistae and O. santolinae. A total of 202 amplification products generated with five arbitrary RAPD primers was obtained and species-specific markers were identified. The estimated Jaccard's differences between the species varied between 0 and 0.864. The pattern of interspecific variation obtained is in general agreement with previous taxonomic studies based on morphology, and the partition into two different sections (Trionychon and Orobanche) is generally clear. However, the position in the dendrogram of O. clausonis did not fit this classification since it clustered with members of section TRIONYCHON: Within this section, O. arenaria was relatively isolated from the other members of the section: O. mutelii, O. nana and O. ramosa. Within section Orobanche, all O. ramosa populations showed a similar amplification pattern, whereas differences among O. crenata populations growing on different hosts were found. Orobanche foetida and O. densiflora clustered together, supporting the morphological and cytological similarities and the host preferences of these species.

The use of PCR techniques to detect genetic variations in Cassava (Manihot esculenta L. Crantz): minisatellite and RAPD analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pawlicki, N.; Sangwan, R.S.; Sangwan-Norreel, B.; Koffi Konan, N.

1998-01-01

Cassava is an important tuber crop grown in the tropical and subtropical regions. Recently, we developed protocols for efficient somatic embryogenesis using zygotic embryos and nodal axillary meristems in order to reduce the genotype effect. Thereafter flow cytophotometry and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the ploidy level and the genetic fidelity of cassava plants regenerated by somatic embryogenesis. No change in the ploidy level of the regenerated plants was observed in comparison with the control plants. In the same way, monomorphic profiles of RAPD were obtained for the different cassava plants regenerated by somatic embryogenesis. The genetic analysis of calli showed only a few differences. Using two pairs of heterologous micro satellite primers developed in a wild African grass, a monomorphic pattern was also detected. Moreover, cultivars of different origins were also analysed using these PCR techniques. Our data from RAPD and materialistic analyses suggested that these techniques can be efficiently used to detect genetic variations in cassava. (author)

Diversity within American cassava germ plasm based on RAPD markers

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Carlos Colombo

2000-03-01

Full Text Available This work focuses on the genetic diversity of American cassava through RAPD molecular markers. The 126 genotypes studied were distributed on four geographical levels ranging from local to continental. Samples included ethnocultivars from the Santa Isabel community in the Brazilian Amazon, local cultivars collected in the State of São Paulo, native accessions from very diverse Brazilian regions, and representative accessions from the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT core collection. Eighty-eight polymorphic bands were analyzed. Results revealed the weak genetic structure of the cassava analyzed. The pattern formed by the first two axes of the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA revealed an overlapping of the São Paulo State genotype, the Brazilian group and the core collection accessions. The Santa Isabel ethnocultures formed a separate group. The weak genetic structure of cassava can be explained by the common practice of exchanging botanical material among small producers as well as by recombinations among genotypes. When the genotypes were analyzed using climatic data, the sample sites were found to be structured according to temperature and precipitation. RAPD markers proved very useful in the genetic diversity study, resulting in important implications for cassava germ plasm collections and genetic breeding.Este trabalho enfoca a diversidade genética de mandiocas americanas através de marcadores moleculares do tipo RAPD. Os 126 genótipos estudados estão distribuídos em quatro escalas geográficas, indo do local ao continental, ou seja, etnocultivares de uma comunidade chamada Santa Isabel, na Amazônia brasileira, cultivares locais coletados no Estado de São Paulo, um grupo representado por acessos oriundos das mais diversas regiões brasileiras e acessos representantes da "core collection" do CIAT. Oitenta e oito bandas RAPD polimórficas foram retidas para as análises. A estrutura genética das mandiocas deste

Molecular Analysis of Synedrela Nodiflora (L. Gaertn. Resistance Against Fomesafen using RAPD Markers

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Murni Dwiati

2015-01-01

Based on the RAPD markers used in this study, it can be concluded that genetic distance between susceptible and resistant S. nodiflora is higher than that within susceptible samples supporting our previous morphological and protein data, although genetic variation among susceptible individuals seems to be significantly high.

Assessment of RAPD Markers to Analyse the Genetic Diversity among Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. Genotypes

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Ali Raza

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity estimation among different species is an important tool for genetic improvement to maximize the yield, desirable quality, wider adaptation, pest and insect resistance that ultimately boosting traditional plant breeding methods. The most efficient way of diversity estimation is application of molecular markers. In this study, twenty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD primers were utilized to estimate the genetic diversity between ten sunflower genotypes. Overall 227 bands were amplified by 20 primers with an average of 11.35 bands per primer. RAPD data showed 86.34% polymorophic bands and 13.65% of monomorophic bands. Genetic similarity was ranged from 50.22% to 87.22%. The lowest similarity (50.22% was observed between FH-352 and FH-359 and the maximum similarity 87.22% was observed between A-23 and G-46. Polymorphic information content (PIC values were varying from 0.05 to 0.12 with a mean of 0.09. Cluster analysis based on RAPD results displayed two major distinct groups 1 and 2. Group-2 contains FH-352 which was the most diverse genotype, while group-1 consists of few sub groups with all other genotypes. Ample diversity was found in all the genotypes. Present study reveals novel information about sunflower genome which can be used in future studies for sunflower improvement.

Genetic Diversity in Commercial Rapeseed (Brassica napus L. Varieties from Turkey as Revealed by RAPD

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Özlem ÖZBEK

2013-02-01

Full Text Available In cultivated commercial crop species, genetic diversity tends to decrease because of the extensive breeding processes. Therefore, germplasm of commercial crop species, such as Brassica napus L. should be evaluated and the genotypes, which have higher genetic diversity index, should be addressed as potential parental cross materials in breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity was analysed by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD technique in nine Turkish commercial rapeseed varieties. The RAPD primers (10-mer oligonucleotides produced 51 scorable loci, 31 loci of which were polymorphic (60.78% and 20 loci (39.22% were monomorphic The RAPD bands were scored as binary matrix data and were analysed using POPGENE version 1.32. At locus level, the values of genetic diversity within population (Hs and total (HT were 0.15 and 0.19 respectively. The genetic differentiation (GST and the gene flow (Nm values between the populations were 0.20 and 2.05 respectively. The mean number of alleles (na, the mean number of effective alleles (nae, and the mean value of genetic diversity (He were 2.00, 1.26, and 0.19 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression and principal component analyses, eco-geographical conditions in combination had significant effect on genetic indices of commercial B. napus L. varieties were discussed.

EL PROTOCOLO DE MADRID Y EL RÉGIMEN DE LAS FRANQUICIAS EN COLOMBIA

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Rodrigo Plazas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio que se presenta a continuación hace parte del proyecto de investigación El Proto - colo de Madrid como elemento dinamizador de las franquicias en Colombia, siendo en esencia un avance parcial que tiene por objetivo establecer los elementos teóricos sustancia - les del Protocolo de Madrid, así mismo su aplicación sobre la normatividad referente a las marcas, registro marcario y las franquicias. Este artículo hace un análisis sobre los elementos que hacen posible la relevancia jurídica del Protocolo de Madrid. En las marcas se destacan los aspectos constitutivos y su desarrollo histórico. Finalmente, se hace un análisis sobre la franquicia como dinamizador de las relaciones comerciales en las actuales condiciones creadas por el desarrollo tecnológico.

Application of RAPD for molecular characterization of plant species of medicinal value from an arid environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Arif, I A; Bakir, M A; Khan, H A; Al Farhan, A H; Al Homaidan, A A; Bahkali, A H; Al Sadoon, M; Shobrak, M

2010-11-09

The use of highly discriminatory methods for the identification and characterization of genotypes is essential for plant protection and appropriate use. We utilized the RAPD method for the genetic fingerprinting of 11 plant species of desert origin (seven with known medicinal value). Andrachne telephioides, Zilla spinosa, Caylusea hexagyna, Achillea fragrantissima, Lycium shawii, Moricandia sinaica, Rumex vesicarius, Bassia eriophora, Zygophyllum propinquum subsp migahidii, Withania somnifera, and Sonchus oleraceus were collected from various areas of Saudi Arabia. The five primers used were able to amplify the DNA from all the plant species. The amplified products of the RAPD profiles ranged from 307 to 1772 bp. A total of 164 bands were observed for 11 plant species, using five primers. The number of well-defined and major bands for a single plant species for a single primer ranged from 1 to 10. The highest pair-wise similarities (0.32) were observed between A. fragrantissima and L. shawii, when five primers were combined. The lowest similarities (0) were observed between A. telephioides and Z. spinosa; Z. spinosa and B. eriophora; B. eriophora and Z. propinquum. In conclusion, the RAPD method successfully discriminates among all the plant species, therefore providing an easy and rapid tool for identification, conservation and sustainable use of these plants.

Protocolos de interação baseados em conhecimento: implementação da plataforma JamSession

OpenAIRE

Diego Mira David

2012-01-01

JamSession foi proposto como uma plataforma para mediar e coordenar, por meio de protocolos de interação baseados em conhecimento, recursos computacionais existentes com o objetivo de compor novos serviços e desenvolver aplicações inovadoras. Entre as principais características da plataforma estão sua base formal e declarativa para permitir análise e verificação formal dos protocolos, alta performance e foco na usabilidade. A plataforma pode ser utilizada, por exemplo, na construção de ambien...

Identification of species of leishmania isolated from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kermanshah; using RAPD-PCR technique

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Yazdan Hamzavi

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Annually many numbers of pationts with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL have been reported in Kermanshah province- IRAN. The study aimed to identify species of Leishmania isolated from patients with CT in Kermanshah. Seven isolates of Leishmania obtained from patients with CL, without any travelling to other provinces, were cultured in NNN medium. After mass production of leptomonads in RPMI 1640 medium DNA was purified and the species were diagnosed using RAPD-PCR technique. The study of electrophoretic fingerprints of the product of RAPD-PCR in seven isolates showed that Leshmania major was the causative agent of CL patients in Kermanshah province. More studies in this field recommended.

Characterization of Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus spp. Germplasm in South West Nigeria Using Morphological, Nutritional, and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD Analysis

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Pamela E. Akin-Idowu

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Efficient utilization of plant genetic resources for nutrition and crop improvement requires systematic understanding of the important traits. Amaranthus species are distributed worldwide with an interesting diversity of landraces and cultivars whose leaves and seeds are consumed. Despite their potential to enhance food security and economic livelihoods, grain amaranth breeding to improve nutritional quality and adoption by farmers in sub-Saharan Africa is scanty. This study assessed the variation among 29 grain amaranth accessions using 27 phenotypic (10 morphological and 17 nutritional characters and 16 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD primers. Multivariate analysis of phenotypic characters showed the first four principal components contributing 57.53% of observed variability, while cluster analysis yielded five groups at 87.5% similarity coefficient. RAPD primers generated a total of 193 amplicons with an average of 12.06 amplicons per primer, 81% of which were polymorphic. Genetic similarities based on Jaccard’s coefficient ranged from 0.61 to 0.88. The RAPD-based unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram grouped the accessions into nine clusters, with the same species clustering together. RAPD primers distinguished the accessions more effectively than phenotypic markers. Accessions in the different clusters as obtained can be exploited for heterotic gain in desired nutritional traits.

Detection of genetic variability in Basmati and non-Basmati rice varieties and their radiation induced mutants through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farooq, S; Iqbal, N; Arif, M [Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad (Pakistan)

1998-03-01

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) markers were utilized to detect polymorphism between pure lines and commercially available Basmati rice varieties to assess variation which may be helpful in quality control and varietal identification (Basmati-370 and derived radiation induced mutants), differentiation of mutants and parents, and identification of RAPD markers co-segregating with important agronomic traits including plant height, days to flower and grain quality. Basmati varieties were distinguished from non-Basmati varieties with the help of five diagnostic markers which will be useful for detecting mixing of non-Basmati and Basmati rices, currently a serious marketing problem. Different Basmati cultivars were identified with the help of diagnostic RAPD markers which can be used in quality control as well as for ``fingerprinting`` of cultivars. Different radiation induced mutants were also successfully distinguished from the parents on the basis of variety specific and mutant specific markers which will be useful for varietal identification. In addition to this, other markers were also identified which can differentiate mutants from each other and are being, used for the fingerprinting of different mutants, particularly the dwarf mutants having similar appearance but different parentage. For identification of RAPD markers co-segregating with plant height and days to flower, 50 F{sub 2} plants and four F{sub 3} families were studied from a reciprocal cross made between Kashmir Basmati (tall and early) and Basmati-198 (dwarf and late). Segregating bands were observed within these populations, and indicating the possible use of RAPD markers for tagging gene(s) of agronomic importance in rice. (author). 38 refs, 6 figs, 3 tabs.

Detection of genetic variability in Basmati and non-Basmati rice varieties and their radiation induced mutants through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farooq, S.; Iqbal, N.; Arif, M.

1998-01-01

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) markers were utilized to detect polymorphism between pure lines and commercially available Basmati rice varieties to assess variation which may be helpful in quality control and varietal identification (Basmati-370 and derived radiation induced mutants), differentiation of mutants and parents, and identification of RAPD markers co-segregating with important agronomic traits including plant height, days to flower and grain quality. Basmati varieties were distinguished from non-Basmati varieties with the help of five diagnostic markers which will be useful for detecting mixing of non-Basmati and Basmati rices, currently a serious marketing problem. Different Basmati cultivars were identified with the help of diagnostic RAPD markers which can be used in quality control as well as for ''fingerprinting'' of cultivars. Different radiation induced mutants were also successfully distinguished from the parents on the basis of variety specific and mutant specific markers which will be useful for varietal identification. In addition to this, other markers were also identified which can differentiate mutants from each other and are being, used for the fingerprinting of different mutants, particularly the dwarf mutants having similar appearance but different parentage. For identification of RAPD markers co-segregating with plant height and days to flower, 50 F 2 plants and four F 3 families were studied from a reciprocal cross made between Kashmir Basmati (tall and early) and Basmati-198 (dwarf and late). Segregating bands were observed within these populations, and indicating the possible use of RAPD markers for tagging gene(s) of agronomic importance in rice. (author)

The use of RAPD fingerprinting to detect genetic variation of a selected signal grass mutant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Affrida Abu Hassan; Ghazali HAzhar Mohamad; Abdul Rahim Harun

2002-01-01

Signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) has been used for many years as grazing pasture for ruminants but it may know to be toxic to small ruminants. Mutagenesis provides an alternative approach to create phenotypic variability in the grass that might be free from toxicity and allow greater selection potential for desired characteristics. The mutant of Brachiara decumbens, which was obtained through induced mutation by gamma irradiation at dose 900 Gh showed phenotypic changes in term of tiller number, leaf to stem ratio and internode length. The variations caused by irradiation were detected by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Decamer oligonucleotide primers were used to generate DNA profiles. 575 bp polymorphic DNA band was observed between control and the mutant. RAPD has been proven to be useful to detect polymorphism between mutants and the control. (Author)

Optimización global eficiente y efectiva en la inversión de datos de campos potenciales

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Pedro G. Junco-Bernázar

2003-03-01

Full Text Available Los problemas inversos de campos potenciales son difíciles de resolver utilizando métodos automáticos, sobre todo por la incapacidad de los procedimientos tradicionales de localizar globalmente el conjunto óptimo de los parámetros. Este artículo establece la naturaleza de los múltiples óptimos locales en la inversión de datos de campos potenciales en un modelo de seis parámetros y analiza la consistencia de tres métodos de optimización global: un método de multicomienzo con el algoritmo Simplex (MSX, un algoritmo genético combinado con el Simplex (GSX y el método de Evolución y Mezcla de Complejos (SCE. Todos los algoritmos fueron capaces de encontrar el conjunto de parámetros óptimos durante el proceso de inversión de campo potencial para un modelo de seis parámetros. En 100 pruebas independientes de cada algoritmo, el procedimiento del SCE se comporta tres veces más eficiente que el procedimiento MSX y dos veces más eficiente que el procedimiento GSX. El método GSX es dos veces más eficiente que el procedimiento MSX.

Efetividade de um protocolo assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão da angioplastia primária

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Luis Cláudio Lemos Correia

2013-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Tempo porta-balão adequado (< 120 minutos é a condição necessária para que a eficácia da angioplastia primária no infarto se traduza em efetividade. OBJETIVO: Descrever a efetividade de um protocolo de qualidade assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão. MÉTODOS: Entre maio de 2010 e agosto de 2012, foram analisados todos os indivíduos que realizaram angioplastia primária em nosso hospital. O momento porta foi registrado eletronicamente, pela retirada de senha para atendimento na emergência, o que antecede o preenchimento da ficha e a triagem. O momento balão foi definido como o início da abertura da artéria (passagem do primeiro dispositivo. Os primeiros 5 meses de monitoramento corresponderam ao período pré-implementação do protocolo. O protocolo se constituiu de definição do fluxo de ações, desde a chegada do paciente ao hospital, a sensibilização da equipe quanto à priorização do tempo e a apresentação periódica de parecer dos resultados e de possíveis inadequações. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 50 indivíduos, divididos em cinco grupos de 10 pacientes sequenciais (um grupo pré e quatro grupos pós-protocolo. O tempo porta-balão referente aos 10 casos registrados antes da implementação do protocolo foi de 200 ± 77 minutos. Após a implementação do protocolo, houve progressiva melhora do tempo porta-balão, para 142 ± 78 minutos nos 10 primeiros pacientes, seguida de 150±50 minutos, 131±37 minutos e, finalmente, 116 ± 29 minutos no três grupos sequenciais de 10 pacientes, respectivamente. Regressão linear entre pacientes sequenciais e tempo porta-balão (r = - 0,41 evidenciou coeficiente de regressão de - 1,74 minutos. CONCLUSÃO: A implementação do protocolo se mostrou efetiva na redução do tempo porta-balão.

DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN ANALIZADOR PARA EL PROTOCOLO AX.25

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Ariel Ricardo Moncaleano Ospina

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Actualmente la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, a través grupo de investigación GITEM, se encuentra desarrollando el proyecto Cubesat Colombia I, con la misión de enviar señales electrocardiográficas desde una estación terrena hacia un pico satélite, el envío de estos datos se hace a través del protocolo estándar denominado AX.25, ampliamente utilizado en las redes de radio aficionado y en satélites pequeños. Es prioridad en el desarrollo de cualquier proyecto tecnológico el uso de herramientas que permitan un desarrollo ágil y seguro, en este artículo la implementación de AX.25 en el proyecto antes mencionado se logró implementar un analizador de protocolo AX.25 para lacaptura de los paquetes que se están intercambiando las estaciones de radio aficionados para posteriormente analizarlos, evaluarlos y almacenarlos. Esto permite observar a través de la decodificación de las tramas, su empaquetamiento: campo de dirección destino y fuente, campo de control, la información que viaja en formato hexadecimal ASCII, el CRC y así indicar si la trama se recibe con error o no. El analizador de protocolo desarrollado tiene la posibilidad de capturar señales NRZI moduladas en banda base con el estándar BELL 202 sobre una portadora de radio en la banda radioaficionado VHF/ UHF. La demodulación de señales VHF / UHF se logran a través  de radios Yaesu VX-3R, y la implementación del estándar BELL 202 con los circuitos integrados MX 614 para cada enlace (recepción y transmisión, que permite tomar la información en AFSK, demodularla y entregarla a la tarjeta de adquisición,  y enviar la información al software analizador de protocolo para la respectiva evaluación por parte del usuario.

Genetic Assessment of Moroccan Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. Genotypes by RAPD and SSR Markers

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Rajae Amraoui

2017-06-01

Full Text Available For the first time eight local tomato cultivars collected from four different regions of Morocco were assessed with RAPD and SSR methods. Most of RAPD markers give monomorphic banding profiles. Only OPU03 marker showed a total of 4 polymorphic amplicons out of 8 recorded in FIGUIG2 cultivar. The analysis with SSR markers gives more polymorphism. The number of alleles amplified assessed from 2 to 5 alleles among cultivars. The similarity matrix subjected by the unweighted pairgroup arithmetic method (UPGMA clustering grouped the cultivars in four groups where FIGUIG2 cultivar formed a separate and more distant cluster. In addition this cultivar holds the very high percentage of uniformity (99% indicating that is an homogeneous traditional cultivar with high purity. This genotype can be conserved and used in breeding programs. More traditional Moroccan cultivars must be collected in order to determine their genetic structure.

High-resolution melt-curve analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-HRM) for the characterisation of pathogenic leptospires: intra-serovar divergence, inter-serovar convergence, and evidence of attenuation in Leptospira reference collections.

Science.gov (United States)

Tulsiani, S M; Craig, S B; Graham, G C; Cobbold, R C; Dohnt, M F; Burns, M-A; Jansen, C C; Leung, L K-P; Field, H E; Smythe, L D

2010-07-01

High-resolution melt-curve analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-HRM) is a novel technology that has emerged as a possible method to characterise leptospires to serovar level. RAPD-HRM has recently been used to measure intra-serovar convergence between strains of the same serovar as well as inter-serovar divergence between strains of different serovars. The results indicate that intra-serovar heterogeneity and inter-serovar homogeneity may limit the application of RAPD-HRM in routine diagnostics. They also indicate that genetic attenuation of aged, high-passage-number isolates could undermine the use of RAPD-HRM or any other molecular technology. Such genetic attenuation may account for a general decrease seen in titres of rabbit hyperimmune antibodies over time. Before RAPD-HRM can be further advanced as a routine diagnostic tool, strains more representative of the wild-type serovars of a given region need to be identified. Further, RAPD-HRM analysis of reference strains indicates that the routine renewal of reference collections, with new isolates, may be needed to maintain the genetic integrity of the collections.

Análise da variabilidade genética de arnica (Lychnophora ericoides Less. - Asteraceae usando marcadores RAPDs Genetic variability analysis of arnica (Lychnophora ericoides Less. - Asteraceae using RAPD markers

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Luciana Queiroz Melo

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar e quantificar a variabilidade genética entre e dentro das populações de arnica por meio de marcadores RAPD. Foram amostradas quatro populações na região geoeconômica do Distrito Federal: Parque Nacional de Brasília (2, Fazenda Água Limpa - UnB (1 e Reserva do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE (1. Folhas de 24 indivíduos de cada região foram coletadas, totalizando 96 indivíduos. Num total de 105 iniciadores testados foram selecionados 15, totalizando 60 bandas polimórficas. Marcadores RAPDs selecionados foram analisados com a utilização dos programas NTSYS e Amova. O dendrograma obtido pelo método UPGMA e coeficiente de dissimilaridade Dice evidenciou quatro agrupamentos consistentes, com índice de dissimilaridade variando entre 62 a 71%. O teste de Mantel aplicado estabeleceu uma correlação cofenética com valores de r = 0.82, significando que as distâncias geográficas entre as populações amostradas estão correlacionadas com a distância genética. A análise de AMOVA mostrou uma percentagem variabilidade genética entre populações de 35,7% e dentro de populações de 64,3%, evidenciando uma alta variação entre populações, sendo um importante resultado para definição de uma estratégia de conservação da espécie que se encontra em situação vulnerável à extinção.The main objective of this research was to analyze and quantify the genetic variability within and between populations of arnica using RAPD markers. Four populations from Federal District area, Brazil were sampled: Parque Nacional de Brasília - (2 , Fazenda Água Limpa -UnB (1, and Reserva do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE (1. Leaves from twenty-four individuals from each population were collected and preserved under refrigeration. Fifteen primers were selected from 105 tested, totalizing 60 polymorphic bands. Scored RAPD markers were analyzed using NTSYS and Amova

Protocolo clínico de avaliação e conduta no traumatismo dentário - doi:10.5020/18061230.2009.p120

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Maria Carolina Bandeira Macena

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Apresentar um protocolo clínico, baseado na literatura atual, visando otimizar o atendimento emergencial do trauma dentário nas dentições decídua e permanente. Métodos: estudo de natureza documental, através de revisão da literatura de pesquisas sobre os traumatismos dentários disponíveis nas seguintes bases de dados: mEDLInE, Cochrane, Pubmed, Lilacs, BBO e SCIELO, usando-se os descritores: traumatismo dentário, classificação, diagnóstico e epidemiologia. Os protocolos produzidos pela Associação Internacional de Trauma Dental (IADT e da Academia Americana de Odontopediatria (AAPD também foram revisados. Conclusões: O protocolo clínico representa a evidência mais atual baseada na pesquisa da literatura e na vivência clínica do profissional. As recomendações apresentadas neste trabalho estão de acordo com as relatadas nos protocolos da IADT e AAPD.

Detection of toxin genes and RAPD analysis of bacillus cereus isolates from different soil types

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Savic Dejana

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to detect genes for enterotoxins (hbla, entFM and bceT and for emetic toxin (cer, to determine antibiotic resistance, and to estimate intraspecies diversity in B. cereus isolates by RAPD analysis. B. cereus was identified in 12 out of 117 indigenous Bacillus spp. using the classical microbiological methods and PCR. All isolates were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin, two to tetracyclin and four to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Also, all isolates produced inducible penicillinases and β-lactamase. Toxin genes were detected with PCR. EntFM and cer genes were present in all isolates, hbla in all, but two, and bceT in none. RAPD analysis was performed with four different primers, two of them designed for this study. The intraspecies diversity revealed 10 different patterns at the 90% similarity level. Two separate clusters were formed regardless of a soil type or utilization. The detection of genes encoding toxins in all B. cereus isolates indicated these bacteria as potentially pathogenic and seriously for human health. Regardless of a soil type or utilization, the RAPD analysis showed high intraspecies heterogeneity in B. cereus isolates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to analyse the presence of entero- and emetic toxin genes and genetic heterogeneity in B. cereus isolates from different soil types and different soil utilization in Serbia. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR37006

Las condiciones de Kuhn y Tucker en el cálculo de fronteras eficientes

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Liern, Vicente

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Presentamos un algoritmo que combina el uso de las condiciones de Kuhn y Tucker con procedimientos heurísticos para calcular la frontera eficiente del problema de selección de cartera con variables semicontinuas y cualquier conjunto adicional de restricciones lineales. También permite incorporar otras clases de restricciones, como las de cardinalidad. Para instancias pequeñas se convierte en un algoritmo exacto. De este modo se pueden detectar muchas irregularidades de la frontera eficiente que pueden ser útiles al inversor para determinar su nivel de rentabilidad deseado. ABSTRACT We present an algorithm that combines the use of the Kuhn-Tucker conditions with heuristical procedures to calculate the efficient frontier of the semicontinuous variable constrained portfolio selection problem with any additional set of linear constraints. Other kinds of constraints can also be added, such as cardinality constraints. For small instances, it becomes an exact algoritm. In this way, many irregularities of the efficient frontier are detected that can be useful to the investor to select a desired return level.

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WILD AND FARMED KALIBAUS (Labeo calbasu, Hamilton, 1822 BY RAPD ANALYSIS OF THE GENOMIC DNA

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M.G. Mostafa

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity of two wild Kalibaus, Labeo calbasu populations and one hatchery stock was studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD method. The three 10–mer random primers (OPA01, OPB02 and OPC03 yielded a total of 26 reproducible and consistently scorable RAPD bands of which 15 (57.69% were considered as polymorphic (P95 indicating a high level of genetic variation in all the studied populations. Among the three populations, Padma population shows low level of genetic diversity (0.1238 compared to other two and it might be caused by habitat degradation in many ways which ultimately affects the genetic variation of Kalibaus. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s (1972 original measures of genetic distance (D indicated the segregation of two wild and hatchery populations of L. calbasu into two distinct clusters: the Hatchery and Padma populations produced one cluster whereas the Jamuna population belonged to another cluster. This indicates that hatchery brood stock is derived from Padma River. Nevertheless, the preliminary study revealed that RAPD technique could be an effective tool in the assessment of population genetic structure of Kalibaus.

Assessment of DNA Damage by RAPD in Paracentrotus lividus Embryos Exposed to Amniotic Fluid from Residents Living Close to Waste Landfill Sites

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Maurizio Guida

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to assess the genotoxic effects of environmental chemicals on residents living near landfills. The study was based on samples of amniotic fluid from women living in the intensely polluted areas around the Campania region of Italy compared to a nonexposed control group. We evaluated the genetic effects that this amniotic fluids collected in contaminated sites had on Paracentrotus lividus embryos. DNA damage was detected through changes in RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA profiles. The absence of the amplified DNA fragments indicated deletions in Paracentrotus lividus DNA exposed to the contaminated amniotic fluids when compared to equal exposure to uncontaminated fluids. These results show the ability of RAPD-PCR to detect and isolate DNA sequences representing genetic alterations induced in P. lividus embryos. Using this method, we identified two candidate target regions for DNA alterations in the genome of P. lividus. Our research indicates that RAPD-PCR in P. lividus embryo DNA can provide a molecular approach for studying DNA damage from pollutants that can impact human health. To our knowledge, this is the first time that assessment of DNA damage in P. lividus embryos has been tested using the RAPD strategy after exposure to amniotic fluid from residents near waste landfill sites.

Natural hybridization between Phlomis lycia D. Don x P. bourgaei Boiss., (Lamiaceae) revealed by RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Yüzbaşioğlu, Ertuğrul; Dadandi, Mehmet Yaşar; Ozcan, Sebahattin

2008-05-01

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers (RAPD) were used to assess the hybrid identity of individuals sampled as Phlomis x termessi Davis. Out of 95 primers screened, 11 primers produced reproducible amplification patterns used for discrimination of P. x termessi and their parents. Eleven primers produced 81 bands. Forty two percent of the RAPD bands existed in parents. Of the 54 bands found in P. lycia, 19 were found only in this species and 7 of these were monomorphic. Similarly, of 57 RAPD bands observed in P. bourgaei, 18 were found only in P. bourgaei and 6 of these were monomorphic. Among hybrid individuals, 35 of the 73 markers were monomorphic. Fifteen of these existed in individual parents showing that parents were homozygous for these markers. Of the 35 monomorphic bands observed among hybrid individuals, 5 were present in the samples of one of the parents and completely absent from the samples of the other; therefore, additive inheritance is indicated. Of the 5 additive bands, 1 was inherited from P. bourgaei and 4 were inherited from P. lycia. Among 38 polymorhic markers observed in hybrid individuals, 9 were new and hybrid-specific. Pollen fertility was also investigated. Mean pollen fertility for P. lycia and P. bourgaei was 93% and 97% respectively. However, mean pollen fertility for hybrids was 65% (+/-10.5).

Assessment of genetic diversity in ragi [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn] using morphological, RAPD and SSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Prabhu, Kalapad Santosh; Das, Anath Bandhu; Dikshit, Nilamani

2018-04-25

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn., 2n=36) is one of the most important minor crops, commonly known as 'ragi' and used as a staple food grain in more than 25 countries including Africa and south Asia. Twenty-seven accessions of ragi were collected from different parts of India and were evaluated for morpho-genetic diversity studies. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for assessment of genetic diversity among 27 genotypes of E. coracana. High degree of similarity (90%) was obtained between 'IC49979A' and 'IC49974B' genotypes, whereas low level of similarity (9.09%) was found between 'IC204141' and 'IC49985' as evident in morphological and DNA markers. A total of 64 SSR and 301 RAPD amplicons were produced, out of which 87.50% and 77.20% DNA fragments showed polymorphism, respectively. The clustering pattern obtained among the genotypes corresponded well with their morphological and cytological data with a monophyletic origin of this species which was further supported by high bootstrap values and principal component analysis. Cluster analysis showed that ragi accessions were categorised into three distinct groups. Genotypes IC344761, IC340116, IC340127, IC49965 and IC49985 found accession specific in RAPD and SSR markers. The variation among ragi accessions might be used as potential source of germplasm for crop improvement.

Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Colletotrichum spp. Isolates Associated with Leguminosae Using Multigene Loci, RAPD and ISSR

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Farshid Mahmodi

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity and differentiation of 50 Colletotrichum spp. isolates from legume crops studied through multigene loci, RAPD and ISSR analysis. DNA sequence comparisons by six genes (ITS, ACT, Tub2, CHS-1, GAPDH, and HIS3 verified species identity of C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporiodes and identity C. capsici as a synonym of C. truncatum. Based on the matrix distance analysis of multigene sequences, the Colletotrichum species showed diverse degrees of intera and interspecific divergence (0.0 to 1.4% and (15.5–19.9, respectively. A multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered Colletotrichum spp. isolates into 3 well-defined clades, representing three distinct species; C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides. The ISSR and RAPD and cluster analysis exhibited a high degree of variability among different isolates and permitted the grouping of isolates of Colletotrichum spp. into three distinct clusters. Distinct populations of Colletotrichum spp. isolates were genetically in accordance with host specificity and inconsistent with geographical origins. The large population of C. truncatum showed greater amounts of genetic diversity than smaller populations of C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides species. Results of ISSR and RAPD markers were congruent, but the effective maker ratio and the number of private alleles were greater in ISSR markers.

Genetic diversity of different accessions of Thymus kotschyanus using RAPD marker

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Ahmad Ismaili

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Analysis of genetic diversity is a major step for understanding evolution and breeding applications. Recent advances in the application of the polymerase chain reaction make it possible to score individuals at a large number of loci. The RAPD technique has been successfully used in a variety of taxonomic and genetic diversity studies. The genetic diversity of 18 accessions of Thymus kotschyanus collected from different districts of Iran has been reported in this study, using 30 random amplified polymorphic DNA primers. Multivariate statistical analyses including principal coordinate analysis (PCOA and cluster analysis were used to group the accessions. From 29 primers, 385 bands were scored corresponding to an average of 13.27 bands per primer with 298 bands showing polymorphism (77.40%. A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method revealed three major clusters. The obtained results from grouping 18 accessions of T. kotschyanus with two studied methods indicated that in the most cases the applied methods produced similar grouping results. This study revealed nearly rich genetic diversity among T. kotschyanus accessions from different regions of Iran. The results showed RAPD marker was a useful marker for genetic diversity studies of T. kotschyanus and it was indicative of geographica variations.

Genetic stability evaluation of quercus suber l. somatic embryogenesis by rapd analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandes, P.; Costa, A.; Rocha, A.C.C.; Santos, C.

2011-01-01

A reliable protocol for adult Quercus suber L. somatic embryogenesis (SE) was developed recently. To evaluate the potential use of this protocol in cork oak forest breeding programs, it is essential to guarantee somatic embryos/emblings genetic stability. Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is currently used to assess somaclonal variation providing information on genetic variability of the micropropagation process. In this work, SE was induced from adult trees by growing leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and zeatin. Embling conversion took place on MS medium without growth regulators. DNA from donor tree, somatic embryos and emblings was used to assess genetic variability by RAPD fingerprinting. Fourteen primers produced 165 genetic loci with high quality and reproducibility. Despite somatic embryos originated some poor quality PCR-profiles, replicable and excellent fingerprints were obtained for both donor plant and embling. Results presented no differences among regenerated emblings and donor plant. Hence, the SE protocol used did not induce, up to moment, any genetic variability, confirming data previously obtained with other molecular/genetic techniques, supporting that this protocol may be used to provide true-to-type plants from important forestry species. (author)

Las simulaciones, una alternativa para el estudio de los protocolos P2P

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Armando de Jesús Ruiz Calderón

2015-12-01

Full Text Available La arquitectura y funcionalidad de las redes P2P hacen que sean atractivas para ser utilizadas en ambientes distribuidos locales y aplicaciones de amplia distribución, el análisis de sus protocolos de ruteo bajo diferentes ataques como son los de negación de existencia y de servicio, así como su análisis estadístico, hacen que las simulaciones cobren gran importancia, y sean una alternativa adecuada para su estudio, pues existen varios protocolos de esta categoría como Pastry o Chord, los cuales son de gran importancia dada su amplia utilización en diferentes aplicaciones para el envío y recuperación satisfactoria de información tanto en la nube como en aplicaciones distribuidas, razón por la cual su análisis es importante, este trabajo se centra en Pastry dado que es utilizado en la versión Azure de Microsoft Windows.

Genetic diversity of Pinus halepensis Mill. populations detected by RAPD loci

OpenAIRE

Gómez , Aránzazu; Alía , Ricardo; Bueno , María

2001-01-01

International audience; Genetic diversity of Pinus halepensis Mill. was analysed in nine populations (six Spanish populations and one each from Tunisia, France and Greece). Twenty four RAPD loci were amplified with 60 megagametophyte DNA samples from each population. Populations' contribution to Nei gene diversity and to allelic richness were calculated. Results showed higher within population genetic variation but also a $G_{{\\rm ST}} = 13.6\\%$ higher than those detected in previous studies ...

Protocolos de distribución cuántica de claves

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Elkouss Coronas, David; Garcia Lopez de Lacalle, Jesus

2008-01-01

Este estudio muestra como realimentar con seguridad informacional una clave compartida entre Alicia y Bernardo. Partiendo de una semilla común se pretende realimentar una clave a través de un protocolo cuántico de distribución de clave. Alicia y Bernardo deben de tener cuidado a fin de evitar la paradoja de utilizar métodos basados en seguridad computacional, por ejemplo la criptografía de clave pública, para obtener seguridad informacional.

Avaliação da dissimilaridade genética em genótipos de bananeira (Musa spp. via marcadores RAPD Evaluation of genetics dissimilarity in banana tree genotypes (Musa spp. by means of RAPD markers

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Carolina Maria Palácios de Souza

2008-06-01

Full Text Available A bananicultura possui grande importância econômica e social. A UENF, por meio do Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal iniciou um trabalho de introdução de cultivares de bananeira. Foram introduzidas cultivares com procedência da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura e Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo de diversidade genética entre 21 cultivares e obter a correta identificação de possíveis genótipos introduzidos na UENF. Foram avaliados os seguintes genótipos: Fhia 18, Prata-Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap Maeo, UENF 1528, UENF 1529, Grande Naine, Ambrósia, Bucaneiro, Calipso, PV42-68, PV42-85, PV42-142, ST12-31, Calcutta e BB da França. A análise de divergência genética foi feita com base na caracterização molecular, utilizando-se da técnica RAPD. Para serem obtidas marcas moleculares RAPD, foram utilizados 31 "primers", gerando um total de 94 marcas totais. Os resultados mostraram que os marcadores moleculares RAPD foram eficazes em revelar a existência de diversidade genética entre os 21 genótipos de bananeira. Na interpretação das análises moleculares, foi utilizado o complemento aritmético do Índice de Jaccard. Com base nas análises de agrupamento hierárquicas UPGMA e o método de otimização de Tocher, essa diversidade pôde ser observada pela presença de genótipos similares e divergentes.Banana is a very important social and economic crop. The introduction of of banana cultivars was initiated through the Plant Genetics Laboratory at UENF. Cultivars from Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits and Western Amazon were introduced. The objective of the present work was to analyze the genetic dissimilarity between 21 cultivars and obtain the correct identification of the possible genotypes introduced at UENF. The following genotypes were evaluated: Fhia 18, Prata Anã, UENF 1526, Pacovan, Caipira, Maçã, UENF 1527, Nanicão, Thap

Caracterização genética da raça bovina Crioulo Lageano por marcadores moleculares RAPD Genetic characterization of Criollo Lageano cattle by RAPD markers

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Álvaro Spritze

2003-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi a caracterização genética da raça bovina Crioulo Lageano por marcadores RAPD em comparação com as raças Holandesa e Nelore. Foram selecionados 43 primers, que geraram 77 bandas polimórficas. Os animais foram distribuídos em cinco subgrupos de Crioulo Lageano (I a V, e um subgrupo em cada uma das raças Holandesa (VI e Nelore (VII. A maior parte da variância genética total (65,05% foi causada pela diferença de indivíduos dentro dos grupos, e o restante pelas diferenças entre grupos. A análise conjunta dos grupos I a V apresentou variabilidade genética entre grupos de 25,28% e dentro dos grupos de 74,72%. A diversidade gênica vem se mantendo ao longo das gerações no núcleo de conservação do Crioulo Lageano. A raça Holandesa apresentou a menor diversidade gênica (0,1204, e a Crioulo Lageano a maior (0,3154. A maior distância genética (0,3747 foi entre as raças Nelore e Holandesa. Os grupos de Crioulo Lageano apresentaram diferenças entre si e apenas alguns indivíduos de cada grupo posicionaram-se junto a outros grupos. A técnica RAPD é capaz de estimar a distância genética entre raças ou populações e de auxiliar na escolha de indivíduos, visando aos trabalhos de conservação de recursos genéticos.The objective of this study was to characterize genetically the Crioulo Lageano cattle breed, using RAPD markers and compare it to the Holstein and Nelore breeds. Forty three primers were selected, and they generated 77 polymorphic bands. Seven groups were studied: 5 subgroups of Crioulo Lageano (I to V and one each Holstein (VI and Nellore (VII. Using all groups, the greater part of the genetic variance (65.05% was due to differences within groups and the rest due to differences between groups. Using five Crioulo Lageano groups (I to V the results showed 25.28% variation between groups and 74.72% within groups. Genetic diversity has been maintained throughout the generations in this

Clasificación Oxford para la validación de un protocolo de antibioticoterapia subcutánea paliativa

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Miguel Antonio Sánchez-Cárdenas

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: los casos de pacientes con procesos infecciosos al final de la vida muestran la necesidad de contar con alternativas que garanticen el cuidado y el manejo terapéutico instaurado. Las vías clásicas intravenosa, intramuscular y oral se ven limitadas, mientras que la vía subcutánea demuestra ser una alternativa prometedora; sin embargo, la escasa evidencia científica reflejada en el bajo número de investigaciones, devela la necesidad de explorar y generar productos científicos que respalden esta práctica. Metodología: estudio documental, con base en un proceso de revisión sistemática, en el cual se realiza la búsqueda de 10 acciones descritas en un protocolo. Fueron seleccionados 34 artículos en idioma inglés y español, excluyendo 17.Los artículosfueron clasificados a partir de la escala del Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford, consultando las bases: Nursing Skills, Clinicalkey, Pubmed, Springerlink, Science Direct, ProQuest y Cochrane. Se utilizaron como descriptores: antibacterianos, cuidados paliativos, protocolos, catéter, subcutáneo, signos, tiempo, antibiótico, enfermería, registros, consentimiento informado, valoración. Resultados: el 60% de las acciones propuestas en el protocolo no tuvo artículos que respaldaran su práctica, solamente el 40% fue clasificado. Conclusión: el protocolo no se recomienda, puesto que más del 50% de las actividades no cuentan con evidencia científica que las respalde.

RAPD cluster analysis and chlorate sensitivity of some Indian isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina from sorghum and their relationships with pathogenicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Das, I K; Fakrudin, B; Arora, D K

2008-01-01

Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is an economically important disease in sorghum grown during the post rainy season in India. Variations in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphisms, chlorate sensitivity and pathogenicity were studied among sorghum isolates of M. phaseolina collected from different parts of India. RAPD data based on 14 random primers of Kit A and C (OPA and OPC) on 20 isolates showed a high degree of polymorphism (98.1%) in different isolates. UPGMA dendrogram on RAPD data produced 7 clusters at the level of 37% similarity. Isolates from the same locations showed a tendency to group closer, substantiating closer genetic relatedness. Sorghum infecting Macrophomina isolates showed a mixed response for sensitivity to potassium chlorate (120 mM). Chlorate-resistant isolates were predominant (>65% of the isolates) over sensitive isolates. Chlorate-sensitive isolates were found to be genetically closer among them than the resistant ones. For the first time it was shown that chlorate sensitivity in Macrophomina had some relations with charcoal rot severity in sorghum.

Caracterização de três genótipos de umezeiro (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. por marcadores RAPD Characterization of three mume genotypes (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. by RAPD markers

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Newton Alex Mayer

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Um projeto de pesquisa visando à utilização de clones de umezeiro (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. como porta-enxertos para pessegueiro [Prunus persica (L. Batsch] está sendo conduzido na FCAV/UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal-SP, com promissoras perspectivas de sucesso. Três genótipos de umezeiro foram selecionados de acordo com características agronômicas desejáveis para esta finalidade. A distinção dos três genótipos entre si, baseada exclusivamente em características morfológicas, apresenta limitações. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar marcadores RAPD capazes de diferenciar e caracterizar os Clones 05, 15 e a cv. Rigitano (Clone 10 de umezeiro, utilizando-se das cultivares Aurora-1 e Okinawa de pessegueiro como outgroup. Dos 220 primers testados, foram selecionados 42, que amplificaram todos os cinco genótipos. Verificou-se que os marcadores RAPD permitiram a distinção entre o Clone 05, o Clone 15 e a cv. Rigitano de umezeiro, demonstrando a existência de variabilidade genética entre os mesmos. Dentre os três genótipos de umezeiro estudados, constatou-se que a similaridade genética é maior entre o Clone 05 e o Clone 15.A research project with the objective do develop mume clones (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc., to be used as rootstocks for peach tree [Prunus persica (L. Batsch] is been carried out at the Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal Campus, São Paulo State, Brazil. These project showed promising perspectives of success, with three clones that were selected according to their characteristics for peach rootstock. But the distinction of the three clones among them, based only in morphologic characteristics, has presented limitations. The objective of the present research was to identify RAPD markers able to characterize and differentiate the 05 and 15 Clones and Rigitano mume cultivar, using Aurora-1 and Okinawa peach tree as outgroup. Among the 220 tested

Estudo das respostas auditivas de estado estável em um novo protocolo (1000, 2000, 4000 e 8000 Hz)

OpenAIRE

Carnaúba, Aline Tenório Lins

2014-01-01

A resposta auditiva de estado estável (RAEE) tem sido apontada como uma técnica promissora para avaliar a audição de pacientes que não cooperam espontaneamente na determinação dos limiares auditivos. Entretanto, não existe consenso sobre protocolos de diagnóstico clínico utilizando a RAEE. Assim sendo, a técnica ainda precisa ser aprimorada para que apresente resultados padronizados e protocolos que possam ser reproduzidos em populações clínicas. O objetivo principal deste estudo é analisar a...

Monitoring Genetic Stability in Quercus serrata Thunb. Somatic Embryogenesis Using RAPD Markers

OpenAIRE

Ramesh C., Thakur; Susumu, Goto; Katsuaki, Ishii; S. Mohan, Jain; Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute; Fukuoka Prefecture Forest Research and Extension Center; Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute; University of Helsinki

1999-01-01

Genetic stability of propagules regenerated via somatic embryogenesis is of paramount importance for its application to clonal forestry. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to determine the genetic stability in somatic embryogenesis of Quercus serrata Thunb. (Japanese white oak). Forty samples from an embryogenic line, consisting of regenerated plantlets, somatic embryos, and embryogenic calli, were examined using 54 decanucleotide primers. A total of 6520 clear reproduc...

Morphological characterization and molecular fingerprinting of Nostoc strains by multiplex RAPD.

Science.gov (United States)

Hillol, Chakdar; Pabbi, Sunil

2012-01-01

Morphological parameters studied for the twenty selected Nostoc strains were mostly found to be consistent with the earlier reports. But the shape of akinetes observed in this study was a little deviation from the existing descriptions and heterocyst frequency was also found to be different in different strains in spite of growing in the same nitrogen free media. Multiplex RAPD produced reproducible and completely polymorphic amplification profiles for all the strains including some strain specific unique bands which are intended to be useful for identification of those strains. At least one to a maximum of two unique bands was produced by different dual primer combinations. For ten strains out of twenty, strain specific bands were found to be generated. Cluster analysis revealed a vast heterogeneity among these Nostoc strains and no specific clustering based on geographical origin was found except a few strains. It was also observed that morphological data may not necessarily correspond to the genetic data in most of the cases. CCC92 (Nostoc muscorum) and CCC48 (Nostoc punctiforme) showed a high degree of similarity which was well supported by high bootstrap value. The level of similarity of the strains ranged from 0.15 to 0.94. Cluster analysis based on multiplex RAPD showed a good fit revealing the discriminatory power of this technique.

Genetic variability among the brown rust resistant and susceptible genotypes of sugarcane by RAPD technique

Science.gov (United States)

Brown leaf rust in sugarcane is caused by Puccinia melanocephala (Syd. & P. Syd.), which is major cause of cultivar withdrawal. We attempted to analyze the RAPD diversity of two discrete phenotypic classes i.e. rust resistant (R) and rust susceptible (S) of six commercially available sugarcane elite...

Variabilidade genética e ecológica de Stylosanthes macrocephala determinadas por RAPD e SIG Genetic and ecological variability of Stylosanthes macrocephaladetermined by RAPD markers and GIS

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Ana Maria Barros

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Stylosanthes macrocephala M. B. Ferr. et S. Costa é uma leguminosa utilizada sob consorciação em pastagens, adubação e recuperação de áreas degradadas. A falta de características morfológicas e agronômicas estáveis e de informações ecogeográficas dos locais de coleta dos acessos tem dificultado o melhoramento genético da espécie. A fim de obter descritores ecológicos, moleculares e avaliar a variabilidade genética da coleção de S. macrocephala, 87 acessos foram analisados com o auxílio do Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG e de marcadores moleculares RAPD. Os acessos provieram de sete Estados, cinco bacias hidrográficas, sete tipos de vegetação e sete tipos de solos. As altitudes dos locais de coleta variaram de 1 a 1.298 m e a pluviometria anual média de 550 a 2.870 mm. A variabilidade de descritores ecológicos sugeriu diversidade adaptativa na coleção. Com base em 161 marcadores RAPD, verificou-se que as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos de S. macrocephala variaram entre 0,02 e 0,42. Com base nessas distâncias, dez grupos de similaridade genética foram estabelecidos. Observou-se tendência de separação por bacias hidrográficas e elevada variabilidade gen��tica entre os acessos coletados nos estados da Bahia e de Minas Gerais. A alta variabilidade genética da coleção de S. macrocephala evidencia a importância desses acessos para futuros trabalhos de melhoramento genético.Stylosanthes macrocephala M. B. Ferr et S. Costa is a leguminous species used as forage, cover crop and as a pioneer plant to recover degraded areas. Inexistence of stable morphological descriptors and lack of ecogeographic information about collecting sites bring difficulties to the studies of this species. The objective of this work was to use the geographic information system (GIS and RAPD markers to obtain ecological and molecular descriptors and to study the genetic variability of 87 S. macrocephala accessions. The

Identification of SSR and RAPD markers linked to a resistance allele for angular leaf spot in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris line ESAL 550

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Gilvan Ferreira da Silva

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to identify RAPD and SSR markers associated with a resistant allele for angular leaf spot (Phaeoisariopsis griseola from the line 'ESAL 550', derived from the Andean 'Jalo EEP 558' cultivar, to assist selection of resistant genotypes. The resistant line 'ESAL 550' and the susceptible cultivar 'Carioca MG' were crossed to generate F1 and F2 populations. One hundred and twenty F2:3 families were evaluated. The DNA of the 12 most resistant families was bulked and the same was done with the DNA of the 10 most susceptible, generating two contrasting bulks. One RAPD and one SSR marker was found to be linked in coupling phase to the resistant allele. The SSR marker was amplified by the primer PV-atct001(282C, and its distance from the resistant allele was 7.6 cM. This is the most useful marker for indirect selection of resistant plants in segregating populations. The RAPD marker was amplified by the primer OPP07(857C linked in coupling phase to the resistant allele, and distant 24.4 cM. Therefore, this RAPD marker is not so useful in assisting selection because it is too far from the resistant allele.

Protocolos de actuación contra el acoso laboral en la universidad: especial referencia a la Universidad de Cádiz

OpenAIRE

Acale Sánchez, María

2014-01-01

[ES] En el siguiente trabajo se analiza con detenimiento el protocolo de actuación sobre el acoso laboral de la Universidad de Cádiz, dirigido a los colectivos que conforman la comunidad universitaria: profesorado, PAS, estudiantes, así como contratados/as que prestan sus servicios a la universidad. El artículo destaca el especial interés que suscita la implementación de estos protocolos en las Universidades, al estimar que son un ámbito propicio para que se generen tales situaciones....

Qualidade espermática do sêmen criopreservado de cães: II - Efeito do protocolo de resfriamento

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Bueno R.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se o efeito de dois protocolos de resfriamento do sêmen de cães sobre a qualidade espermática in vitro, após sua criopreservação. Utilizaram-se três machos e realizaram-se cinco coletas em cada um deles. Os procedimentos de resfriamento foram realizados em um congelador de células (biocool e em caixa de isopor. Foram avaliadas a motilidade, o vigor espermático, a integridade da membrana plasmática (teste hiposmótico, a integridade do acrossoma e a longevidade espermática (teste de termo-resistência. A comparação entre os protocolos de resfriamento mostrou que não houve diferença (P>0,05 entre a caixa de isopor e o biocool logo após o resfriamento. Após a descongelação os resultados foram semelhantes entre os protocolos, observando-se diferença (P<0,05 apenas na motilidade espermática e no teste de termo-resistência (TTR, os quais foram superiores na caixa de isopor.

Relationships between some Thai cultivars of pineapple (Ananas comosus revealed by RAPD analysis

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Siam Popluechai

2007-11-01

Full Text Available RAPD analysis of nine Thai pineapple cultivars, including 'Phulae', 'Sawee', 'Tradsithong', 'Phuket', 'Pattavia', 'Intrachitdang', 'Intrachitkhow', 'Petburi No.1', and 'Nanglae', showed that, of 40 arbitrary 10- mer primers, 17 primers gave 206 DNA fragments ranging from 510 to 4,700 bp. One hundred and forty-five (70.4% of the amplified fragments were polymorphic. RAPD analysis using NTSYS-pc Version 2.01e also showed that the similarity coefficients among the cultivars were 0.643-0. 963. The dendrogram indicated that the cultivars were clustered into 3 groups, consistent with the morphological data. The first group, consisting of 'Phuket', 'Phulae', 'Tradsithong', 'Sawee', and 'Petburi No.1', had morphological characteristics of the Queen group, while those of the second ('Intrachitdang' and 'Intrachitkow' and the third ('Nanglae' and 'Pattavia' groups could be determined morphologically to be members of the Spanish and Cayenne groups, respectively. 'Intrachitdang' and 'Intrachitkow' have similarity coefficient of 0.963, while that of 'Phulae' and 'Phuket' is 0.950. These pairs of cultivars are probably the same cultivars. The morphological differences between them are probably caused by mutations, differences in environment and agricultural practices, or combinations of these factors.

Molecular characterisation of a germplasm bank for Theobroma genus using the RAPD technique

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Yovany Moreno

2004-07-01

Full Text Available RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA were used for analysing 145 individuals (128 T. grandiflorum and 17 T. bicolor from the ex situ Theobroma genus germplasm bank at Instituto Sinchi, located at San José del Guaviare. 5 primers able to generated polymorphism were selected from an initial set of 20, generating 114 bands that enable to us to distinguish between more than 99% of individuals analysed: 57 bands for T. grandiflorum (84.2% polymorphic, 45 bands for T. bicolor (26.7% polymorphic and 12 bands shared between the two species (58.3% polymorphic. A high degree of intra-specific similarity particularly in T. bicolor was established from the similarity matrix obtained by using the Dice index and represented in a UPGMA dendrogram and the principal components analysis (PCA. The comparison of this analysis with a previous morpho-agronomic evaluation of some T. grandiflorum individuals revealed that the groups generated on the basis of its agronomic and morphological traits were heterogeneous at molecular level. The obtained information will be used as a tool in strategies regarding maintenance, enrichment and use of the germplasm bank. Key words: Theobroma grandiflorum, Theobroma bicolour, RAPD, molecular characterisation.

Trypanosoma rangeli: RAPD-PCR and LSSP-PCR analyses of isolates from southeast Brazil and Colombia and their relation with KPI minicircles.

Science.gov (United States)

Marquez, D S; Ramírez, L E; Moreno, J; Pedrosa, A L; Lages-Silva, E

2007-09-01

This study presents the first genetic characterization of five Trypanosoma rangeli isolates from Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil and their comparison with Colombian populations by minicircle classification, RAPD-PCR and LSSP-PCR analyses. Our results demonstrated a homogenous T. rangeli population circulating among Didelphis albiventris as reservoir host in Brazil while heterogeneous populations were found in different regions of Colombia. KP1(+) minicircles were found in 100% isolates from Brazil and in 36.4% of the Colombian samples, whereas the KP2 and KP3 minicircles were detected in both groups. RAPD-PCR and LSSP-PCR profiles revealed a polymorphism within KP1(+) and KP1(-) T. rangeli populations and allowed the division of T. rangeli in two branches. The Brazilian KP1(+) isolates were more homogenous than the KP1(+) isolates from Colombia. The RAPD-PCR were entirely consistent with the distribution of KP1 minicircles while those obtained by LSSP-PCR were associated in 88.9% and 71.4% with KP1(+) and KP1(-) populations, respectively.

Protocolo para a distribuição de informações de canais em redes em malha sem fio

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Roni Francis Shigueta

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um protocolo para a distribuição de informações de canais em uma rede em malha sem fio. O canal corresponde à faixa de frequência na qual dois dispositivos sem fio (nós da rede podem se comunicar. O protocolo apresentado permite criar um repositório que contém os canais que estão disponíveis em um dispositivo para que se comunique com o seu nó vizinho. A partir das informações desse repositório, os dispositivos podem tomar decisões de alocação de canais, baseadas em algum critério, como por exemplo, a menor interferência gerada na rede. Dependendo da quantidade de canais disponíveis, é possível atribuir canais diferentes aos enlaces da rede (par de nós, permitindo transmissões simultâneas. A simulação do protocolo é realizada por meio de canais de frequência do padrão IEEE 802.11b. Apesar das simulações serem realizadas nesse padrão, o protocolo pode ser adaptado para operar em outras faixas de frequência. Os resultados demonstram que a partir dos valores dos canais transmitidos através de mensagens de hello, é possível encontrar os canais comuns entre dois nós, realizando a intersecção entre a lista de canais do nó vizinho com a lista do nó local.

Diseño e implementación de un sistema de obtención de imágenes de sitios web externos siguiendo el protocolo Open Graph

OpenAIRE

Labiaga Ferrer, Jaime

2017-01-01

Open Graph es un librería que implementa un parseador que se encarga de extraer todas las etiquetas que sigan el protocolo Open Graph (OG) de una página web. Cuando un usuario de una red social comparte una URL, la red social sabe, gracias a las etiquetas OG, qué url, título, descripción e imagen/es debe mostrar en la previsualización. Dichas etiquetas deben seguir el protocolo Open Graph desarrollado por Facebook [1]. Un ejemplo de uso del protocolo OG son las recomendaciones ...

Genetic characterization of early maturing maize hybrids (Zea mays L. obtained by protein and RAPD markers

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Bauer Iva

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Knowledge of maize germplasm genetic diversity is important for planning breeding programmes, germplasm conservation per se etc. Genetic variability of maize hybrids grown in the fields is also very important because genetic uniformity implies risks of genetic vulnerability to stress factors and can cause great losts in yield. Early maturing maize hybrids are characterized by shorter vegetation period and they are grown in areas with shorter vegetation season. Because of different climatic conditions in these areas lines and hybrids are developed with different features in respect to drought resistance and disease resistance. The objective of our study was to characterize set of early maturing maize hybrids with protein and RAPD markers and to compare this clasification with their pedigree information. RAPD markers gave significantly higher rate of polymorphism than protein markers. Better corelation was found among pedigree information and protein markers.

Genetic analysis of the genus Diospyros ssp. using RAPD and i-PBS methods

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Jana Raddová

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Molecular techniques (RAPD and i-PBS were used to study genetic diversity within persimmon collection at Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Lednice. The aim of the work was to distinguish 14 known and 6 of unknown origin persimmon cultivars. The basic screening of 20 OPT primers was applied to 4 cultivars differring in the place of origin. Within the group of screened primers there were chosen those, which gave polymorphic repeatable strong and middle strong bands. Selected primers were used for the RAPD reactions within the whole persimmon collection. Three OPA primers previously described in the literature were also used for the RAPD reactions within the whole persimmon collection. Additional 16 i-PBS primers previously described in the literature were also used for i-PBS analysis of the whole group of cultivars. Amplification was successful with 12 i-PBS primers. The FreeTree software package was used to gen­erate a similarity matrix and then to produce a dendrogram using UPGMA analyses. The similarity dendrograms of all persimmon cultivars were created based on both approaches and also on combination of both analyses by program Tree View. All the dendrograms clearly separated the assessed cultivars into 4 clusters. There are cluster of American persimmons – Meader’ (1, ’Garretson’ (2 and ’Early Golden’ (3. They are representatives of D. virginiana. Further part of dendrogram includes single D. lotus (5, which is also clearly separated from other cultivars of the genus Diospyros. The third cluster includes interspecific hybrids ’Rossiyanka’ (10 and ’Nikitskaiya Bordovaiya’ (13, which arised from crosses of D. virginiana and D. kaki. The last cluster is formed by cultivars of Japanese persimmon – ’Mikatani Gosho’, ’Zenjimaru’, ’Tone Wase’, ’Hiratanenashi’, ’Fuyu’, Chinese cultivar – ’Sansi’ and two Italian cultivars ’Vaniglia’ and ’Tipo’. They are clustered without significant

Genetic diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Genn. Populations in Brazil revealed by RAPD markers

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L.H.C. Lima

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Bemisia tabaci (Genn. was considered a secondary pest in Brazil until 1990, despite being an efficient geminivirus vector in beans and soybean. In 1991, a new biotype, known as B. tabaci B biotype (=B. argentifolii was detected attacking weed plants and causing phytotoxic problems in Cucurbitaceae. Nowadays, B. tabaci is considered one of the most damaging whitefly pests in agricultural systems worldwide that transmits more than 60 different plant viruses. Little is known about the genetic variability of these populations in Brazil. Knowledge of the genetic variation within whitefly populations is necessary for their efficient control and management. The objectives of the present study were to use RAPD markers (1 to estimate the genetic diversity of B. tabaci populations, (2 to study the genetic relationships among B. tabaci biotypes and two other whitefly species and (3 to discriminate between B. tabaci biotypes. A sample of 109 B. tabaci female individuals obtained from 12 populations in Brazil were analyzed and compared to the A biotype from Arizona (USA and B biotype from California (USA and Paraguay. Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Aleurodicus cocois samples were also included. A total of 72 markers were generated by five RAPD primers and used in the analysis. All primers produced RAPD patterns that clearly distinguished the Bemisia biotypes and the two other whitefly species. Results also showed that populations of the B biotype have considerable genetic variability. An average Jaccard similarity of 0.73 was observed among the B biotype individuals analyzed. Cluster analysis demonstrated that, in general, Brazilian biotype B individuals are scattered independently in the localities where samples were collected. Nevertheless, some clusters were evident, joining individuals according to the host plants. AMOVA showed that most of the total genetic variation is found within populations (56.70%, but a significant portion of the variation is found

La UNASUR y el Protocolo sobre Compromiso con la Democracia

OpenAIRE

Luchetti, Javier Fernando

2012-01-01

En el presente trabajo describiremos brevemente el proceso que llevó a la UNASUR a añadir a su Tratado Constitutivo, el Protocolo Adicional sobre Compromiso con la Democracia, que pretende constituirse en un apéndice importante en la defensa de las instituciones democráticas y el respeto por los derechos humanos en el sur del continente suramericano, más allá que en otras organizaciones regionales también se menciona que la defensa de la democracia es uno de los pilares de dichas organizacion...

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Elops machnata (Forskal Populations in South East and West Coasts of India Using RAPD Markers

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Vellaichamy RAMANADEVI

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD technique was used to study the genetic diversity of four Elops machnata populations in South India. Elops machnata is considered as a least concern species (LC, categorized by the International Union for Conservation and Nature (IUCN. The population trends are currently stable in Indian Ocean, Eastern Africa, but are unknown throughout the rest of its expansive range, especially in Indian estuaries. Among the ten RAPD primers tested, eight primers got amplified and gave scorable bands. In total, 119 scorable bands were observed in all populations. The overall observed and effective number of alleles was found to be 2.000 ± 0.000 and 1.5307 ± 0.2503 respectively for the entire population. The overall polymorphic loci were 61.00% and the overall gene flow among the four populations was predicted to 0.1032. The genetic distance and geographic distance between the four populations showed a positive correlation. The highest genetic similarity (0.6824 was found between Parangipettai and Muthupettai population, which reflected the geographical relationship between them. Tow main clusters were obtained based on UPGMA dendrogram. This study proves that RAPD analysis has the ability to discriminate E. machnata populations in South Indian coastal waters.

Aplicación de un protocolo en cicatrización de ulceras por decúbito

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Porras Janeth

1993-04-01

Full Text Available

Las úlceras por decúbito han constituido un problema de enfermería que ha transcendido a lo largo de la historia. Para su solución se han aplicado diversos y variados tratamientos que han evolucionado desde la utilización de medidas caseras, hasta sofisticados materiales, productos y protocolos cuidadosamente investigados en Canadá, Estados Unidos, Inglaterra y otros. En Colombia, la experiencia en el manejo de estos, ha sido el uso indiscriminado y poco sistematizado a medida que van invadiendo el mercado. Existen múltiples factores concurrentes y predisponentes en la formación de las úlceras los cuales han persistido a pesar de las reiteradas alternativas de solución, mediante la aplicación de protocolos de atención que no han logrado su comprobación en el campo clínico.

Protocolo de perícia em bem-estar animal para diagnóstico de maus-tratos contra animais de companhia

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Janaina Hammerschmidt

2015-02-01

Full Text Available As decisões judiciais sobre casos de maus-tratos contra animais podem ser subsidiadas por laudos de peritos em bem-estar animal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi adaptar protocolos de diagnóstico de bem-estar animal para a identificação de maus-tratos contra animais de companhia. O protocolo é composto por quatro conjuntos de indicadores: nutricionais, de conforto, sanitários e comportamentais, os quais devem ser classificados em inadequados, regulares e adequados. As decisões finais para cada conjunto de indicadores devem ser integradas em um único resultado, o qual será o grau final de bem-estar. O protocolo utiliza uma forma de integração simplificada, baseada em limites para a inclusão em cada um dos cinco graus de bem-estar, descritos como: muito baixo, baixo, regular, alto e muito alto. Graus de bem-estar baixo e muito baixo são considerados inaceitáveis e devem ser descritos como maus-tratos. Grau de bem-estar regular é considerado aceitável se medidas corretivas forem asseguradas. Graus de bem-estar alto e muito alto são considerados desejáveis para o bem-estar animal. O protocolo permite a diferenciação do grau de bem-estar em escala compatível para a decisão em relação à ocorrência de maus-tratos. Nós esperamos que o refinamento das formas de identificação de crimes contra animais, especialmente nos casos nos quais não existem lesões físicas, juntamente com um protocolo padronizado, possam aprimorar a percepção do sofrimento animal, além de facilitar o trabalho de campo das pessoas envolvidas nestas investigações, oferecendo assim uma contribuição para incrementar o bem-estar animal, por meio de ações adequadas e de redução da criminalidade.

Polymorphism of the grasshopper Rhammatocerus schistocercoides populations revealed by RAPD Polimorfismo em populações do gafanhoto Rhammatocerus schistocercoides revelado por marcadores RAPD

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João Batista Tavares da Silva

2002-11-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to study the genetic variability of the grasshopper Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Orthoptera: Acrididae using RAPD analysis among individuals from three populations, one from Colombia and two from Brazil (Goiás and Mato Grosso States. Ninety scorable binary markers were obtained by fingerprinting with 11 oligonucleotide primers. Most of the polymorphism was attributed to 42 markers with variable frequency among the different populations. Although the existence of significant difference among populations (PO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a variabilidade genética do gafanhoto Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Orthoptera: Acrididae por meio da análise de RAPD entre indivíduos de três populações, uma da Colômbia e duas do Brasil (Goiás e Mato Grosso. Noventa marcadores binários foram selecionados através de análise de polimorfismo com o uso de 11 oligonucleotídeos. A maior parte do polimorfismo observado foi atribuída a 42 marcadores com freqüência variável entre as diferentes populações. Apesar da existência de diferença significativa interpopulacional (P<0,0001, grande proporção da variabilidade genética foi detectada dentro das populações (87,7% da variação total. As distâncias entre as populações colombianas e brasileiras foram 0,12 (P<0,0001 e 0,18 (P<0,0001 para Goiás e Mato Grosso, respectivamente. A distância obtida entre Goiás e Mato Grosso foi 0,06 (P<0,0001. Estes dados indicam que as diferenças fenotípicas entre populações estão associadas principalmente às distâncias geográficas entre as populações do Brasil e a da Colômbia.

Genetic diversity in mesoamerican populations of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), assessed using RAPDs.

Science.gov (United States)

Gillies, A C; Navarro, C; Lowe, A J; Newton, A C; Hernández, M; Wilson, J; Cornelius, J P

1999-12-01

Swietenia macrophylla King, a timber species native to tropical America, is threatened by selective logging and deforestation. To quantify genetic diversity within the species and monitor the impact of selective logging, populations were sampled across Mesoamerica, from Mexico to Panama, and analysed for RAPD DNA variation. Ten decamer primers generated 102 polymorphic RAPD bands and pairwise distances were calculated between populations according to Nei, then used to construct a radial neighbour-joining dendrogram and examine intra- and interpopulation variance coefficients, by analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA). Populations from Mexico clustered closely together in the dendrogram and were distinct from the rest of the populations. Those from Belize also clustered closely together. Populations from Panama, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Honduras, however, did not cluster closely by country but were more widely scattered throughout the dendrogram. This result was also reflected by an autocorrelation analysis of genetic and geographical distance. Genetic diversity estimates indicated that 80% of detected variation was maintained within populations and regression analysis demonstrated that logging significantly decreased population diversity (P = 0.034). This study represents one of the most wide-ranging surveys of molecular variation within a tropical tree species to date. It offers practical information for the future conservation of mahogany and highlights some factors that may have influenced the partitioning of genetic diversity in this species across Mesoamerica.

[Reticulate evolution of parthenogenetic species of the Lacertidae rock lizards: inheritance of CLsat tandem repeats and anonymous RAPD markers].

Science.gov (United States)

Chobanu, D; Rudykh, I A; Riabinina, N L; Grechko, V V; Kramerov, D A; Darevskiĭ, I S

2002-01-01

The genetic relatedness of several bisexual and of four unisexual "Lacerta saxicola complex" lizards was studied, using monomer sequences of the complex-specific CLsat tandem repeats and anonymous RAPD markers. Genomes of parthenospecies were shown to include different satellite monomers. The structure of each such monomer is specific for a certain pair of bisexual species. This fact might be interpreted in favor of co-dominant inheritance of these markers in bisexual species hybridogenesis. This idea is supported by the results obtained with RAPD markers; i.e., unisexual species genomes include only the loci characteristic of certain bisexual species. At the same time, in neither case parthenospecies possess specific, autoapomorphic loci that were not present in this or that bisexual species.

Evaluation of the identification protocol for newborns in a private hospital Evaluación del protocolo de identificación de los recién nacidos en un hospital privado Avaliação do protocolo de identificação do neonato de um hospital privado

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Ellen Regina Sevilla Quadrado

2012-08-01

Full Text Available This exploratory-descriptive quantitative study aimed to evaluate the protocol for identifying newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive and Semi-intensive Therapy Unit of a private hospital. The case series was made up of 540 observation opportunities, selected by simple random probability sampling. The data was collected between May and August 2010 according to a form and analyzed by descriptive statistic. The protocol's general performance had a conformity index of 82.2%. There were three stages to the protocol: identification components, the identification wristbands' condition and the number of identification wristbands. The highest percentage of conformity (93% was attributed to the second stage and the lowest (89.3% to the third, presenting a statistically significant difference of p= 0.046. In the group of 'special' neonates, 88.5% conformity was achieved. These results will make it possible to restructure the protocol for identifying newborns and to establish care and managerial goals so as to improve the quality of care and the patients' safety.El objetivo de este estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, cuantitativo fue evaluar protocolo de identificación de recién nacidos ingresados en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Semi-intensiva Neonatal de hospital privado. La muestra consistió de 540 oportunidades de observaciones, seleccionados por muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple. Datos colectados entre mayo y agosto 2010, según formulario y analizados por estadística descriptiva y con significación 5%. Referente desempeño global del protocolo, índice de conformidad fue de 82,2%. Referente tres etapas del protocolo, porcentaje más alto de conformidad (93% se atribuyó a la manera correcta de hacer pulseras de identificación y el más bajo (89,3% referente a presencia de tres pulseras de identificación, con diferencia estadística significativa p = 0,046. En el grupo especial de recién nacidos, se obtuvo índice 88

Analysis of genetic diversity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from eggplant by mycelial compatibility, random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD and simple sequence repeat (SSR analyses

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Fatih Mehmet Tok

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The genetic diversity and pathogenicity/virulence among 60 eggplant Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates collected from six different geographic regions of Turkey were analysed using mycelial compatibility groupings (MCGs, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD and simple sequence repeat (SSR polymorphism. By MCG tests, the isolates were classified into 22 groups. Out of 22 MCGs, 36% were represented each by a single isolate. The isolates showed great variability for virulence regardless of MCG and geographic origin. Based on the results of RAPD and SSR analyses, 60 S. sclerotiorum isolates representing 22 MCGs were grouped in 2 and 3 distinct clusters, respectively. Analyses using RAPD and SSR markers illustrated that cluster groupings or genetic distance of S. sclerotiorum populations from eggplant were not distinctly relative to the MCG, geographical origin and virulence diversity. The patterns obtained revealed a high heterogeneity of genetic composition and suggested the occurrence of clonal and sexual reproduction of S. sclerotiorum on eggplant in the areas surveyed.

Identification of genetically diverse genotypes for photoperiod insensitivity in soybean using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, R K; Bhatia, V S; Yadav, Sanjeev; Athale, Rashmi; Lakshmi, N; Guruprasad, K N; Chauhan, G S

2008-10-01

Most of the Indian soybean varieties were found to be highly sensitive to photoperiod, which limits their cultivation in only localized area. Identification of genetically diverse source of photoperiod insensitive would help to broaden the genetic base for this trait. Present study was undertaken with RAPD markers for genetic diversity estimation in 44 accessions of soybean differing in response to photoperiod sensitivity. The selected twenty-five RAPD primers produced a total of 199 amplicons, which generated 89.9 % polymorphism. The number of amplification products ranged from 2 to 13 for different primers. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.0 for monomorphic loci to 0.5 with an average of 0.289. Genetic diversity between pairs of genotypes was 37.7% with a range of 3.9 to 71.6%. UPGMA cluster analysis placed all the accessions of soybean into four major clusters. No discernable geographical patterns were observed in clustering however; the smaller groups corresponded well with pedigree. Mantel's test (r = 0.915) indicates very good fit for clustering pattern. Two genotypes, MACS 330 and 111/2/1939 made a very divergent group from other accessions of soybean and highly photoperiod insensitive that may be potential source for broadening the genetic base of soybean for this trait.

Characterization of rhizobia that nodulate Arachis pintoi by RAPD analysis Caracterização de rizóbios capazes de nodular Arachis pintoi via análise de "RAPD"

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Patrícia Pereira Pinto

2004-09-01

Full Text Available The genetic relationships of 85 Arachis pintoi nodulating Rhizobium strains were determined using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD methods. The analysis included 75 strains isolated from Cerrado soils and 10 other ones of different origins. The results indicated that there is a high level of similarity between these strains and that geographic distribution may affect their phylogenetic relationship. In addition, the results allowed the selection of the most suitable primers for characterisation of these Rhizobium strains which will be useful for implementation of competitiveness studies in Cerrado soils.As relações genéticas de 85 estirpes de Rhizobium capazes de nodular Arachis pintoi foram determinadas usando o método de "RAPD" (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. As análises incluíram 75 estirpes isoladas de solos de Cerrado e 10 de diferentes origens. Os resultados indicaram que existe um alto grau de similaridade entre estas estirpes e que a distribuição geográfica pode afetar suas relações filogenéticas. Além disso, os resultados permitiram a seleção de "primers" mais adequados para a caracterização dessas estirpes de Rhizobium, os quais serão úteis para a implementação de estudos de competitividade nos solos de Cerrado.

Genetic Diversity of Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix ‎dactylifera L. by using RAPD Technique

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Muhanned Abdul Hasan Kareem

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In this study provided all molecular markers of Random amplified polymorphic (RAPD successfully with the sixty five Iraqi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cultivars, which collected from Hilla city in Iraq, to determine fingerprinting, polymorphic value, and relationships among varieties of date palm cultivars, and also with the same type of cultivars. Data analysis of ten RAPD has been revealed. Number of amplified DNA fragments were (592 bands, polymorphism per all primers were (%64.2, primer efficiency was 0.1, and discriminatory value was (%0.09, which revealed a high percentage similarity about %67 to %100 between cultivars belong to the same variety. There are relationships with twenty four genotypes, divided in to two clusters, clusterΙ ranged distance from 0.74 to 1.30 represented(Maddany, Ashrasi, Greatli, Smeasmi and sukkary and clusterII ranged distance from 0.25 to 0.60 which divided into three sub group, there are sub group I represented (Sultana, Khestawi, Breem, Sabb Drrah, Hamrawi, Brban, and Khadrawi, sub groupiesII represented (Zahdi, Tebarzal, Maktom, brahi, Chipchab and Fom Alrman, sub groupies III represented (Usta Umran, Nersi, Najdi, Guntar, Shwethi and Ghanami Ahmer.

Genetic Diversity of Iraqi Date Palm (Phoenix ‎dactylifera L. by using RAPD Technique

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Muhanned Abdul Hasan

2017-12-01

Full Text Available In this study provided all molecular markers of Random amplified polymorphic (RAPD successfully with the sixty five Iraqi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cultivars, which collected from Hilla city in Iraq, to determine fingerprinting, polymorphic value, and relationships among varieties of date palm cultivars, and also with the same type of cultivars. Data analysis of ten RAPD has been revealed. Number of amplified DNA fragments were (592 bands, polymorphism per all primers were (%64.2, primer efficiency was 0.1, and discriminatory value was (%0.09, which revealed a high percentage similarity about %67 to %100 between cultivars belong to the same variety. There are relationships with twenty four genotypes, divided in to two clusters, clusterΙ ranged distance from 0.74 to 1.30 represented(Maddany, Ashrasi, Greatli, Smeasmi and sukkary and clusterII ranged distance from 0.25 to 0.60 which divided into three sub group, there are sub group I represented (Sultana, Khestawi, Breem, Sabb Drrah, Hamrawi, Brban, and Khadrawi, sub groupiesII represented (Zahdi, Tebarzal, Maktom, brahi, Chipchab and Fom Alrman, sub groupies III represented (Usta Umran, Nersi, Najdi, Guntar, Shwethi and Ghanami Ahmer.  

Caracterização de dois protocolos de avaliação de preensão manual para prescrição de treinamento no remo

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Affonso Celso Kulevicz da Silva

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se verificar as características de dois protocolos de avaliação de força de preensão manual como subsídio para prescrição de treinamento no remo. Participaram seis atletas profissionais da modalidade de remo (25 ± 5 anos e 11 não atletas, todos homens. Dois protocolos de avaliação (contínuo e intervalar foram efetuados. Os valores dos parâmetros de força e decréscimo percentual da força calculados foram empregados para verificar diferenças entre os membros (teste t pareado e entre os grupos (teste t independente. O protocolo contínuo mostrou-se mais sensível para detectar diferenças nos valores de força e decréscimo percentual de força entre diferentes membros e entre os grupos, enquanto o protocolo intervalar foi eficaz para identificar os valores de força máxima.

Uso Eficiente y Sustentable del agua. Implicancias y Condicionantes

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Miguel Mathus Escorihuela

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El agua no es un recurso natural más, es un recurso vital que permite explicar integralmente los ciclos de la naturaleza y las interacciones entre las especies y el medio en que habitan en virtud del ciclo hidrológico. Pero el agua resiste al hombre, por lo que su aprovechamiento exige acciones concretas, que deben ser racionales y servir al bienestar de la sociedad, para poder alcanzar lo que hoy se llama calidad de vida en un ambiente sano. Para ello, el agua requiere de la Política Hídrica donde se determinan los fines; de la Planificación Hídrica racional y coherente que se encuentre volcada en Planes, Etapas y Programas; de la Legislación, que brinde el marco normativo, de la Administración que lleve a cabo la Política de la Gestión que es el ámbito neurálgico vinculado al uso eficiente del agua

Revisión acerca de la eficacia en los protocolos de tratamiento existentes sobre la aplicación de mindfulness en el ámbito de la psicología

OpenAIRE

Usó González, Alba

2017-01-01

Treball de Final de Màster Universitari en Psicologia General Sanitària. Codi: SBF018. Curs acadèmic 2016-2017 En los últimos años hemos asistido a un desarrollo exponencial en los protocolos de intervención acerca de mindfulness. Las investigaciones sobre estos protocolos y su eficacia en la práctica clínica aplicados a distintas psicopatologías está en auge, aunque todavía son escasas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar si tales protocolos son eficaces. Para ello se ha he...

Protocolo eletrônico multiprofissional em cirurgia bariátrica

OpenAIRE

Nassif,Denise Serpa Bopp; Malafaia,Osvaldo; Nassif,Paulo Afonso Nunes; Kuretzki,Carlos Henrique; Lucas,Ricardo Wallace das Chagas; Pinto,José Simão de Paula

2011-01-01

RACIONAL: A obesidade é doença multifatorial. A coleta de dados exerce papel fundamental para realização de pesquisas de alto grau de qualidade e, na atualidade, a cirurgia da obesidade carece de meios para realização de pesquisas prospectivas com elevado nível de confiabilidade. Os dados obtidos em protocolos eletrônicos são mais completos, têm poucos erros, são mais consistentes e apresentam baixo percentual de violação em relação aos prontuários de papel. OBJETIVO: 1) Criar base teórica de...

Polytene chromosome maps and RAPD polymorphisms in Glossina austeni

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gariou-Papalexiou, A.; Yannopoulos, G.; Zacharopoulou, A.; Robinson, A.S.

2000-01-01

A combined methodology of cloned RAPD (random amplification of polymorphic DNA) polymorphic bands and in situ hybridisation to polytene chromosomes is an efficient way to initiate construction of a physical and genetic map of insect disease vectors (Dimopoulos et al. 1996, Mutebi et al. 1997). The studies presented here are the first step in developing this approach in tsetse flies. This technology will be used to support tsetse sterile insect technique (SIT) programmes by providing tools with which population structure and isolation can be assessed and genetic markers that can be used to differentiate released flies from wild flies identified. An added benefit is their possible use in unravelling epidemiological complexity and problems regarding speciation (Besansky et al. 1997). Polytene chromosomes of Diptera have been shown to be excellent material for the study of chromosome structure and function as well as for an understanding of the genetics of natural populations (Lefevre 1976). They provide a means for the accurate mapping of chromosome rearrangements and the precise localisation of genes, using both rearrangement analysis and in situ hybridisation. Previous reports on the cytology of the tsetse flies (Riordan 1968, Maudlin 1970, 1979, Southern et al. 1972, Southern and Pell 1973, Davies and Southern 1976, Southern 1980) have described the basic mitotic karyotype in several Glossina species, and demonstrated the presence of well banded polytene chromosomes in pupal trichogen cells (Southern and Pell 1974, 1981, Pell and Southern 1976). Polytene chromosomes were described for G. austeni Newstead, G. morsitans morsitans Westwood, G. pallidipes Austen and G. fuscipes fuscipes Newstead, but these descriptions are difficult to work with as they are drawings of polytene chromosome elements. In this paper, the photographic chromosome maps of pupal scutellar bristles of G. austeni are presented. They show that these chromosomes can be used with much greater ease

Comparison of the yeast microbiota of different varieties of cool-climate grapes by PCR-RAPD

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Iwona Drożdż

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The yeast microbiota occurring on different varieties of grapes grown in cool-climate is not completely researched. Therefore, its identification is important to research. On the other hand, yeasts occurring in these fruits can be potentially used as starter cultures to obtain particularly demanded features in the production of wine. In addition, rapid methods for yeast identification allow to eliminate the contamination with pathogenic yeasts, which could cause the loss of wine production. The aim of the study was to isolate and identify the yeasts occurring on the surface of the different varieties of white and red grapes, grown in cool-climate of Poland. Also, the aim was to compare the qualitative and quantitative composition of yeasts on the tested grapes. The 84 cultures of yeasts were isolated, that were initially macroscopic and microscopic analyzed and the purity of cultures was rated on the WL medium. Identification of yeasts by PCR-RAPD was carried using the M13 primer. In the PCR-RFLP method ITS1 and ITS4 primers, as well as restriction enzymes HhaI, HinfI, HaeIII, were used. Preliminary identification of yeasts by standard methods produced results very different from the results obtained by molecular methods. Among the isolated microorganisms yeasts were dominating, but bacteria and molds were also present. Using the PCR-RAPD method most strains of yeasts were identified. Yeast microflora of different varieties of white and red grapes was very similar as the same species of yeasts were identified. Yeasts of the genus Saccharomyces were present in all varieties of grapes. The Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Rhodotorula minuta, Pichia kluyveri, Hanseniaspora uvarum and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa were identified by PCR-RAPD. 4 of the 33 tested strains of yeasts were identified by PCR-RFLP. By PCR-RAPD only Hanseniaspora uvarum was identified. The quantity and quality of microorganisms living

Analisis comparativo de la normativa de protocolo de las Universidades españolas / Comparative analysis of the legislation on protocol of Spanish Universities

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Dolores del Mar Sánchez González

2013-05-01

Full Text Available ResumenMuchos son los estudios existentes referidos al protocolo y al ceremonial universitario español. Todos ellos parten del estudio del ceremonial tradicional en las universidades en un intento de aunar el protocolo común a todas ellas bajo el término “protocolo universitario”, pero no existe ningún estudio que analice comparativamente la regulación existente en cada una de ellas para poder generar un marco ideal que pueda conformar el protocolo de cualquier universidad en España, unificando la dispersión existente, para conformar un marco general, muy útil a efectos prácticos, que sirva de modelo de este tipo especial de relaciones públicas especializadas aplicada a un área concreta.AbstractMany existing studies relating to protocol and ceremonial Spanish university. All of them are based on the study of traditional ceremonial universities in an attempt to unite the common protocol for all under the term "university protocol", but there is no study to analyze comparatively the regulations of each in order to generate a ideal that can conform to the protocol of any university in Spain, unifying the existing dispersion to form a general framework, useful for practical purposes, to serve as a model for this particular type of specialized public relations applied to a specific area.

Caracterización molecular de un banco de germoplasma del género Theobroma mediante la técnica RAPD* Molecular characterisation of a germplasm bank for Theobroma genus using the RAPD technique

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Quintero Lorena

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Mediante la utilización de marcadores RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, se analizaron 145 materiales (128 de T. grandiflorum y 17 de T. bicolor pertenecientes al banco de germoplasma ex situ del género Theobroma del Instituto Sinchi, localizado en San José del Guaviare. A partir de un número inicial de 20, se seleccionaron los 5 cebadores capaces de generar mayor número de polimorfismos para generar 114 bandas que lograron distinguir entre más del 99% de los materiales analizados: 57 bandas para T. grandiflorum (84,2% polimórficas, 45 bandas para T. bicolor (26,7% polimórficas y 12 bandas compartidas entre las dos especies (58,3% polimórficas. A partir de la matriz de semejanza generada utilizando el índice de Dice, representada en un dendrograma UPGMA, y el análisis de componentes principales, se determinó un alto grado de semejanza intraespecífica en los materiales analizados, particularmente en T. bicolor. Luego de comparar este análisis con el morfoagronómico previamente realizado en algunos materiales de T. grandiflorum, se encontró que los grupos generados por dicha evaluación morfológica y agronómica son heterogéneos a nivel molecular. La información obtenida se utilizará como herramienta para la toma de decisiones en cuanto a las estrategias de mantenimiento, enriquecimiento y uso del banco. Palabras clave: Theobroma grandiflorum, Theobroma bicolor, RAPD, caracterización molecular.RAPD markers (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA were used for analysing 145 individuals (128 T. grandiflorum and 17 T. bicolor from the ex situ Theobroma genus germplasm bank at Instituto Sinchi, located at San José del Guaviare. 5 primers able to generated polymorphism were selected from an initial set of 20, generating 114 bands that enable to us to distinguish between more than 99% of individuals analysed: 57 bands for T. grandiflorum (84.2% polymorphic, 45 bands for T. bicolor (26.7% polymorphic and 12 bands shared between

Protocolo de comunicación trabajador-robot mediante imágenes

OpenAIRE

Castilla Berduque, José Angel

2015-01-01

La idea del proyecto viene del concepto de “fábricas del futuro”, donde las barreras entre robots y humanos se rompen para que la colaboración entre ambos sea como en un equipo. Para la realización de este proyecto se ha utilizado el brazo robótico IRB120 de la marca ABB de 6 Grados de libertad, Matlab y el software Robot Studio. El Objetivo principal de este proyecto es establecer el protocolo de comunicación trabajador-robot mediante imágenes. El trabajador debería poder ...

Realización de un protocolo en el proceso de destete en pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica asistida

OpenAIRE

Amo Simón, Sofía del

2015-01-01

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) sobre el establecimiento de un protocolo para el destete de los pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica invasiva consta de una introducción y un desarrollo acerca del tema de la ventilación mecánica invasiva y el proceso de retirada progresiva de la misma, también conocido como destete o “weaning”, para establecer el protocolo, objetivo final de este trabajo. La ventilación mecánica invasiva es uno de los procedimientos más emplea...

Un modelo formal para la especificación, análisis, verificación e implantación de protocolos de seguridad

OpenAIRE

Mengual Galan, Luis

1998-01-01

En este trabajo, se ha concebido y desarrollado un sistema que permite la automatización del proceso de verificación, análisis e implementación de protocolos de seguridad a partir de una especificación formal y con ello, la versatilidad en la incorporación de distintos servicios de seguridad en un entorno distribuido. Una notable innovación de este trabajo es la automatización del proceso de implementación de protocolos de seguridad a partir de una especificación formal: Definido el servicio ...

El Protocolo de Montreal relativo a las sustancias que agotan la capa de ozono (1999) y la enmienda de Beijing. Un análisis de sus contenidos, alcances y sus percusiones presentes.

OpenAIRE

Zúñiga, Francisco Javier

2015-01-01

El presente ensayo consta de cuatro partes, una desarrolla de manera actualizadalos alcances del Protocolo de Montreal ysus enmiendas, la segunda examina los alcances de la Enmienda de Beijing, seguido de un análisis del impacto que hatenido el Protocolo de Montreal para el país. Finalmente se repasa la ejecución del Protocolo y sus enmiendas en nuestropaís y se agregan consideraciones que su implementación ha supuesto en el desarrollo ...

Identification and characterization of a RAPD-PCR marker for distinguishing Asian and North American gypsy moths

Science.gov (United States)

K.J. Garner; J.M. Slavicek

1996-01-01

The recent introduction of the Asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) into North America has necessitated the development of genetic markers to distinguish Asian moths from the established North American population, which originated in Europe. We used RAPD-PCR to identify a DNA length polymorphism that is diagnostic for the two moth strains. The...

Análisis económico de la ruptura eficiente en vínculos matrimoniales ineficientes

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John Alberto Tito Añamuro

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo estudia cuál es la estrategia de incentivos que necesitan dos personas para alcanzar las ventajas de una ruptura eficiente, partiendo de la hipótesis de que el vínculo matrimonial es, desde el mercado del matrimonio, ineficiente y, por tanto, genera en la relación y en el entorno familiar más perjuicios que beneficios.

Terbinafine susceptibility and genotypic heterogeneity in clinical isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).

Science.gov (United States)

Alipour, M; Mozafari, N A

2015-03-01

The four RAPD systems tested in the present study have aimed at investigating DNA fingerprinting of Trichophyton mentagrophytes strains and the correlation between genotyping and antifungal susceptibility to terbinafine. Twenty-nine clinical isolates of T. mentagrophytes were recovered from patients suspected of having active dermatophytosis who were referred to the laboratory of medical mycology department in Tehran university. Then, they were subjected to conventional examination by performing direct microscopic examination, culture on primary media, physiological tests. The in vitro antifungal susceptibility of twenty-nine T. mentagrophytes isolates against terbinafine was evaluated by modified agar dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Twenty-one sensitive and eight resistant to terbinafine, were submitted to RAPD using 4 decamer primers (A, B, C, D) with the purpose of encountering a genetic marker to terbinafine sensibility and resistance. The UPGMA-Jaccard's correlation coefficient was used to build up dendogram that could represent clusters of similarity. According to their correlation coefficient, the samples were classified as much related (100%), moderately related (80%) and unrelated (terbinafine. All susceptible samples were properly grouped, but a few numbers of resistant isolates were also included. Nevertheless, further biochemical and molecular biological studies will be required to fully elucidate the point that resistance might be the result of a mutation in the gene encoding squalene epoxidase in T. mentagrophytes. This study proved efficacy of applying RAPD molecular technique to complement traditional mycological culture and drug susceptibility tests for accurate and appropriate management of recurrent dermatophytosis and highlights the need for newer antifungals that can combat the emergence of terbinafine-resistant T. mentagrophytes strains. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

Acné conglobata. Protocolo para la atención integral

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Raquel Rojas-Bruzón

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión documental relacionada con aspectos genético clínicos y epidemiológicos del acné conglobata y que unido a la experiencia de los autores sobre el tema, permitió integrar el conocimiento teórico práctico y dar como producto una clasificación clínica epidemiológica del acné conglobata, cuyo resultado final fue la elaboración de un protocolo de actuación integral en la enfermedad, contextualizado y personalizado, con el objetivo de revertir a los pacientes de estadios complicados de la enfermedad a otros menos complicados.

Estimation of genetic variability among elite wheat genotypes using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

BIBI, S.; Khan, I.A.; Naqvi, M.H.; Siddiqui, M.A.; Yasmeen, S.; Seema, M.

2012-01-01

Twenty four wheat varieties/lines were assessed through RAPD for genetic diversity. Of forty primers, thirteen were able to amplify the genomic DNA and yielded 269 polymorphic bands. The percentage of the polymorphic loci was 86.22%. Nei's genetic diversity (h) ranged from 0.248 to 0.393, with an average of 0.330. Shanon's index ranged from 0.382 to 0.567, with an average of 0.487. The proportion of genetic variation among the populations ( Ds) accounted for 28.58 % of the whole genetic diversity. The level of gene flow (Nm) was 1.25. Some specific RAPD bands were also identified, variety C-591, and QM-4531 contain a specific segment of 4.9 kbp. Whereas SARC-1 and PKV-1600 amplified a specific DNA segment with primer A-09. Marvi-2000 contains two specific segments of 3.2 kb and 200 bp amplified with primer B-07. Genetically most similar genotypes were C-591 and Pasban-90 (76%) and most dissimilar genotypes were Rawal-87 and Khirman (36.1%). On the basis of results, 24 wheat varieties under study could be divided into 'two' groups and five clusters 'A' to 'E. (author)

Uso de kits desechables para optimizar tiempos, movimientos y apego a protocolos de la terapia intravenosa

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José Juan Escamilla Zamudio

2017-09-01

Cómo citar este artículo: Escamilla JJ, Ramírez GI. Uso de kits desechables para optimizar tiempos, movimientos y apego a protocolos de la terapia intravenosa. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(3: 1749-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i3.412

Assessment of genetic diversity and relationships among Egyptian mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivers grown in Suez Canal and Sinai region using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Mansour, Hassan; Mekki, Laila E; Hussein, Mohammed A

2014-01-01

DNA-based RAPD (Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA) markers have been used extensively to study genetic diversity and relationships in a number of fruit crops. In this study, 10 (7 commercial mango cultivars and 3 accessions) mango genotypes traditionally grown in Suez Canal and Sinai region of Egypt, were selected to assess genetic diversity and relatedness. Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to RAPD analysis using 30 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Of these, eleven primers were selected which gave 92 clear and bright fragments. A total of 72 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 92 bands, generating 78% polymorphisms. The mean PIC values scores for all loci were of 0.85. This reflects a high level of discriminatory power of a marker and most of these primers produced unique band pattern for each cultivar. A dendrogram based on Nei's Genetic distance co-efficient implied a moderate degree of genetic diversity among the cultivars used for experimentation, with some differences. The hybrid which had derived from cultivar as female parent was placed together. In the cluster, the cultivars and accessions formed separate groups according to bearing habit and type of embryo and the members in each group were very closely linked. Cluster analysis clearly showed two main groups, the first consisting of indigenous to the Delta of Egypt cultivars and the second consisting of indigenous to the Suez Canal and Sinai region. From the analysis of results, it appears the majority of mango cultivars originated from a local mango genepool and were domesticated later. The results indicated the potential of RAPD markers for the identification and management of mango germplasm for breeding purposes.

Protocolo de sistemas hogar europeo: conceptos y productos

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Guillemin, P.

1999-02-01

coeficiente de precio y utilización de alumbrado. La seguridad de personas y bienes se incrementa gracias a funciones tales como detectores de incendios o escapes de gas, alarma telefónica o detector antirrobo. Un incremento de la calidad de vida conlleva nuevos recursos para nuestros mayores, con la distribución a domicilio de pasatiempos y servicios y el control remoto telefónico de calefacción y alumbrado. Para alograr estos nuevos servicios, los equipos de hogar, conectados a los diferentes medios de comunicación, pueden relacionarse para intercambiar mensajes deforma estructurada según unas normas de comunicación. Este es el objetivo del protocolo de Sistemas de Hogar Europeo. Nacido en 1992 con la publicación de una especificación bien definida de un protocolo de comunicación abierta, dedicado a la Automatización del Hogar, la European Home Systems (EHS ha entrado ya en su fase de madurez: existen productos hardware y software y las compañías europeas más importantes implicadas en bienes muebles y servicios han decidido incluir el protocolo EHS en sus productos. Este artículo describe el ambiente en el que se ha desarrollado el EHS y enumera los diferentes requisitos que conducirán al los conceptos del PLUG & PLA Y (Conecta y Juega. Así pues, se exponen, brevemente, los componentes software y hardware disponibles para desarrollar la aplicación del EHS.

[Genetic variation and differentiation in striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius inferred from RAPD-PCR analysis].

Science.gov (United States)

Atopkin, D M; Bogdanov, A S; Chelomina, G N

2007-06-01

Genetic variation and differentiation of the trans-Palearctic species Apodemus agrarius (striped field mouse), whose range consists of two large isolates-European-Siberian and Far Eastern-Chinese, were examined using RAPD-PCR analysis. The material from the both parts of the range was examined (41 individual of A. agrarius from 18 localities of Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, and Kazakhstan); the Far-Eastern part was represented by samples from the Amur region, Khabarovsk krai, and Primorye (Russia). Differences in frequencies of polymorphic RAPD loci were found between the European-Siberian and the Far Eastern population groups of striped field mouse. No "fixed" differences between them in RAPD spectra were found, and none of the used statistical methods permitted to distinguish with absolute certainty animals from the two range parts. Thus, genetic isolation of the European-Siberian and the Far Eastern population groups of A. agrarius is not strict. These results support the hypothesis on recent dispersal of striped field mouse from East to West Palearctics (during the Holocene climatic optimum, 7000 to 4500 years ago) and subsequent disjunction of the species range (not earlier than 4000-4500 years ago). The Far Eastern population group is more polymorphic than the European-Siberian one, while genetic heterogeneity is more uniformly distributed within it. This is probably explained by both historical events that happened during the species dispersal in the past, and different environmental conditions for the species in different parts of its range. The Far Eastern population group inhabits the area close to the distribution center of A. agrarius. It is likely that this group preserved genetic variation of the formerly integral ancestral form, while some amount of genetic polymorphism could be lost during the species colonization of the Siberian and European areas. To date, the settlement density and population number in general are higher than within the European

Genetic variations among Echinococcus granulosus isolates in Egypt using RAPD-PCR.

Science.gov (United States)

Taha, Hoda A

2012-11-01

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by hydatid cysts, is a widespread and hazardous disease in humans and animals worldwide. The aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic variations among Echinococcus granulosus cyst strains isolated from sheep, camel, pig, and donkey using RAPD-PCR analysis. Seven primers of arbitrary sequences were used in the PCR reactions. The screened primers gave total patterns ranging from 27 to 39 reproducible bands for each isolate. Each population isolate gave its specific pattern. Although distinct polymorphic patterns were obtained among the four isolates, there were several shared bands among them in each primer used. A comparison of the different RAPD-PCR patterns showed that primers P1, P3, and OPH 04 yielded band patterns that revealed a high degree of divergence among the four isolates of E. granulosus that allowed easy distinction between them. The remaining primers (P2, P4, P5, and OPH14) amplified DNA fragments that were common to two or more isolates but diversified in the other two or three isolates. The study revealed that the most closely related isolates were of donkey and camel where the similarity coefficent between them ranging from 53 % to 78 %, followed by isolates of pig and sheep (sc = 40 % to 68 %), while the similarity coefficent between isolates of camel and sheep was 33-45 %, between camel and pig was 36 to 57 %, between donkey and pig was 37 to 52 %, and between donkey and sheep was 35 to 54 % which means that they more or distant from each other. In conclusion, hydatid cysts isolated from camel may have the genotypic characters of donkey strain.

Variabilidade genética de populações naturais de caroá por meio de marcadores RAPD Genetic variability estimated among caroá populations through RAPD markers

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Daniela Garcia Silveira

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a variabilidade genética entre e dentro de populações de caroá (Neoglaziovia variegata, por meio de marcadores "random amplified polymorphic DNA" (RAPD. Foram analisados 180 genótipos de caroá, provenientes dos municípios de Guanambi, Juazeiro e Valente, no Estado da Bahia. Foi observado elevado polimorfismo entre as populações de caroá. As dissimilaridades genéticas entre os genótipos variaram de 0,08 a 0,95, com média de 0,44.Avariância molecular mostrou que 56% da variação total foi explicada pelas diferenças entre indivíduos dentro de locais. As diferenças entre municípios explicaram 17% da variação total, enquanto as diferenças entre locais dentro dos municípios explicaram 26% da variação.The objective of this work was to quantify the genetic variability within and among populations of caroá (Neoglaziovia variegata using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD markers. One hundred eighty caroá genotypes from Guanambi, Juazeiro and Valente counties in the state of Bahia, Brazil, were analyzed. A high polymorphism was observed among the caroá populations. The genetic dissimilarities among all genotypes ranged from 0.08 to 0.95 with an average of 0.44. The molecular variance showed that 56% of the total variation was explained by the differences among individuals with in locations.The differences among counties explained 17% of the total variation, while the differences among places within counties explained 26% of the variation.

ANALYSES OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN LENTINULA EDODES THROUGH MYCELIA RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT ABIOTIC CONDITIONS AND RAPD MOLECULAR MARKERS

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Maki Cristina Sayuri

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The growth of thirty-four Lentinula edodes strains submitted to different mycelial cultivation conditions (pH and temperature was evaluated and strain variability was assessed by RAPD molecular markers. The growth at three pH values (5, 6 and 7 and four different temperatures (16, 25, 28 and 37ºC was measured using the in vitro mycelial development rate and water retention as parameters. Mycelial cultivation was successful at all pH tested, while the ideal temperature for mycelial cultivation ranged between 25 and 28ºC. The water content was lower in strains grown at 37ºC. Among 20 OPA primers (Operon Technologies, Inc. used for the RAPD analyses, seventeen presented good polymorphism (OPA01 to OPA05, OPA07 to OPA14, OPA17 to OPA20. The clustering based on similarity coefficients allowed the separation of strain in two groups with different geographic origins.

Conservation and multiplication of encapsulated micro shoots of Rauvolfia vomitoria--an endangered medicinal tree: ISSR and RAPD based evaluation of genetic fidelity of converted plantlets.

Science.gov (United States)

Mehrotra, Shakti; Rahman, Liaq Ur; Mishra, Jahnvi; Kukreja, Arun K

2012-12-01

The in vitro grown axillary micro shoots of Rauvolfia vomitoria were encapsulated in alginate beads. Following 6 months of normal storage at 25 +/- 2 degrees C the regrowth of encapsulated micro shoots, reached 95.2% within 40 days of incubation on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA. Among the responding encapsulated explants 69.6% showed emergence of multiple shoots. The developing shoots showed rhizogenesis in two weeks following their transfer to rooting medium. Healthy plants were established in a glass house with 95% survival. Of the 50 RAPD primers tested, 10 produced 23 clear and reproducible amplicons, with an average of 2.3 bands per primer. Eleven ISSR primers produced a total of 42 bands, with a size range of 0.1-1.9 kb. The number of scorable bands for each primer varied from 2 to 6, with an average of 3.81. The similarity matrix, calculated individually from the results obtained from ISSR and RAPD analysis, showed similarity coefficients ranging from 1.0 for RAPD and 0.85 to 1.0 for ISSR.

Variabilidade genética de acessos silvestres e comerciais de Passiflora edulis Sims. com base em marcadores RAPD Genetic variability of wild and commercial passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims. accessions using RAPD markers

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Graciele Bellon

2007-04-01

Full Text Available No Cerrado brasileiro, há uma grande diversidade de cores, tamanhos e aromas de frutos em acessos silvestres de P. edulis. Estes acessos também são importantes fontes de resistência a doenças, podendo ser incorporados em programas de melhoramento genético do maracujazeiro azedo. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estimar a variabilidade genética existente em acessos silvestres e comerciais de P. edulis utilizando-se de marcadores RAPD. O DNA genômico de cada acesso foi extraído e amplificado com treze iniciadores decâmeros (OPD-04, OPD-07, OPD-08, OPD-16, OPE-18, OPE-20, OPF-01, OPF-14, OPG-05, OPG-08, OPH-04, OPH-12 e OPH-16 para a obtenção dos marcadores RAPD. Os marcadores obtidos foram convertidos em uma matriz de dados binários, a partir da qual foram estimadas as distâncias genéticas entre os acessos e realizadas análises de agrupamento e de dispersão gráfica. Um total de 187 marcadores foi gerado, sendo que apenas 28 (14,97% deles foram monomórficos. As distâncias genéticas entre os 15 acessos de maracujazeiro variaram de 0,091 a 0,496. Os marcadores moleculares demonstraram a alta variabilidade genética dos acessos de P. edulis, sendo que os acessos de frutos amarelos apresentaram maior distanciamento em relação aos de frutos roxos. Menores distâncias genéticas foram verificadas entre os acessos de mesma origem geográfica.There are a great diversity of colors, sizes and aromas of fruits in wild accessions of P. edulis in Brazilian Savannah. These accessions are also important resistance sources against illness which can be incorpored in passionfruit breeding programs. In this work, the objetive was to evaluate the genetic variability in wild and commercial P. edulis accessions using RAPD markers. The genomic DNA of each accession was extracted and amplified using thirteen decamer primers (OPD-04, OPD-07, OPD-08, OPD-16, OPE-18, OPE-20, OPF-01, OPF-14, OPG-05, OPG-08, OPH-04, OPH-12 and OPH-16 to obtain RAPD markers

Protocolo para la micropropagación de Furcraea macrophylla Baker

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Martínez María A.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available

Del género Furcraea hacen parte especies textiles de gran importancia en los mercados nacionales e internacionales, tanto por las características de la fibra como por el contenido de precursores de hormonas, corticoides, azúcares, ácidos grasos y biopesticidas que se encuentran en sus jugos. En esta investigación se desarrolló un protocolo para la micropropagación de Furcraea macrophylla B. a partir de ápices caulinares procedentes de bulbillos. Los cultivos in vitro se realizaron en medio MS modificado y suplementado con BA, TDZ, KIN y 2-IP en forma individual o en combinación con 2,69 μM de ANA. Después de 12 semanas de iniciados los cultivos, en la mayoría de los tratamientos ensayados los explantes desarrollaron brotes axilares. 100% de los brotes producidos enraizaron después de 30 d en medio MS modificado suplementado con  11,42 μM de AIA, con 2,46 μM de AIB o en ausencia de reguladores de crecimiento. Después de la etapa de endurecimiento, 94% de las plántulas sobrevivieron en condiciones ex vitro. El protocolo establecido para la  micropropagación de F. macrophylla es un procedimiento efectivo con el que se podría suplir la demanda comercial de material vegetal seleccionado, en óptimo estado fitosanitario, en periodos relativamente  cortos y a bajos costos.

Ensayos para la extracción de ADN y estandarización de RAPDs en Moniliophthora roreri

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Luis Enrique Quintero-Nuñez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Background: Moniliophthora roreri is the causal agent of cocoa moniliasis, a limiting disease presented by cocoa producing regions (Theobroma cacao L., being the main phytosanitary problem for Colombia. Knowing the behavior of M. roreri In vitro, it is important for its study. In addition, continuing the work that defines the genetic structure of phytopathogen populations is interesting because it reflects their evolutionary history and their potential for evolution. Objective: To observe the growth and development of 11 isolates of M. roreri obtained from 6 municipalities of Norte de Santander: El Zulia, Cúcuta, Sardinata, El Tarra, Agua Clara, Tibú, to standardize Random Amplified polymorphic DNA. Methods: Five incubation methods were tested for phytopathogen isolation in PDB, the method where the fungus remained agitated for 1 day at 120 rpm with light / dark periods of 12h / 12h at 25 to 28 ° C, and incubation at 28 ° C in complete darkness; Showed better results, when observing growth of M. roreri mycelium during 8 days reason for which the extraction of DNA from the isolates was continued, and RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technique was standardized. Results: Incubation at 28 ° C in complete darkness showed better results in fungus growth and RAPDs were standardized with Oligo 4, Oligo 8, Oligo 10 and OPA 10. In the PCR, with a denaturation temperature of 94 ° C for five minutes, 35 cycles at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, alignment temperature of 36 ° C (for Oligo 8 and 10 and 32 ° C (for Oligo 4 and OPA 10 for one minute, 72 ° C for 2 minutes and a final cycle of 72 ° C for 7 minutes. Conclusion: it was possible to determine the incubation temperature of 28 ° C in the dark and to standardize the RAPDs technique for Moniliophthora roreri.

RAPD analysis on male sterility mutant of Lilium asiatic hybrids 'pollyanna' induced by irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jia Yuehui; Zhao Xiangyun; Zhang Kezhong; Huang Shangwu; Lu Changxun

2005-01-01

RAPD analysis of 80 random 10-mer primers on Lilium Asiatic hybrids 'pollyanna' and its 20 phenotype male sterility mutants induced by irradiation was carried out. Of the tested primers, 31 primers could produced ideal amplification bands on all materials, 4 primers generated stable different polymorphic bands among 9 mutants and 'pollyanna'. Different polymorphic bands of 7-18 were found among 9 mutants and 'pollyanna'. It was showed that 9 mutants were phenotype male sterility mutant of 'pollyanna'. (authors)

Genetic Diversity in Commercial Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Varieties from Turkey as Revealed by RAPD

OpenAIRE

Özlem ÖZBEK; Betül Uçar GIDIK

2013-01-01

In cultivated commercial crop species, genetic diversity tends to decrease because of the extensive breeding processes. Therefore, germplasm of commercial crop species, such as Brassica napus L. should be evaluated and the genotypes, which have higher genetic diversity index, should be addressed as potential parental cross materials in breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity was analysed by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) technique in nine Turkish com...

Genetic relatedness between cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz and M. flabellifolia and M. Peruviana based on both RAPD and AFLP markers

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Colombo Carlos

2000-01-01

Full Text Available The taxonomy of the genus Manihot is still uncertain and the genetic origin of cassava (M. esculenta Crantz continues to be controversial. We studied the degree of genetic relatedness between cassava and two naturally occurring species (M. flabellifolia and M. peruviana which are probably involved in the evolution of cassava, using RAPD and AFLP molecular markers. Thirty-three clonal accessions of cassava of known genetic diversity and 15 accessions of the wild species M. flabellifolia and M. peruviana were analyzed using 92 polymorphic RAPD bands and 73 polymorphic AFLP bands. The genetic markers were unable to differentiate the two wild species, which confirms their botanical similarity. Half of the total number of amplified bands were monomorphic in all of the genotypes evaluated. The mean genetic similarity (Jaccard between cassava and the species M. flabellifolia/M. peruviana was 0.59. A grouping analysis (neighbor-joining method with RAPD markers of cultivated cassava, M. flabellifolia/M. peruviana and the other wild species located the genotypes of cassava and M. flabellifolia/M. peruviana at one extremity and the three Mexican species (M. aesculifolia, M. michaelis and M. chlorostica at the other. An intermediate position between these groups was occupied by two wild species (M. glaziovii and M. reptans native to central and northeastern Brazil. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the species M. flabellifolia and M. peruviana gave rise to the cultivated species.

Regression Association Analysis of Yield-Related Traits with RAPD Molecular Markers in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.

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Saeid Mirzaei

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Introduction: The pistachio (Pistacia vera, a member of the cashew family, is a small tree originating from Central Asia and the Middle East. The tree produces seeds that are widely consumed as food. Pistacia vera often is confused with other species in the genus Pistacia that are also known as pistachio. These other species can be distinguished by their geographic distributions and their seeds which are much smaller and have a soft shell. Continual advances in crop improvement through plant breeding are driven by the available genetic diversity. Therefore, the recognition and measurement of such diversity is crucial to breeding programs. In the past 20 years, the major effort in plant breeding has changed from quantitative to molecular genetics with emphasis on quantitative trait loci (QTL identification and marker assisted selection (MAS. The germplasm-regression-combined association studies not only allow mapping of genes/QTLs with higher level of confidence, but also allow detection of genes/QTLs, which will otherwise escape detection in linkage-based QTL studies based on the planned populations. The development of the marker-based technology offers a fast, reliable, and easy way to perform multiple regression analysis and comprise an alternative approach to breeding in diverse species of plants. The availability of many makers and morphological traits can help to regression analysis between these markers and morphological traits. Materials and Methods: In this study, 20 genotypes of Pistachio were studied and yield related traits were measured. Young well-expanded leaves were collected for DNA extraction and total genomic DNA was extracted. Genotyping was performed using 15 RAPD primers and PCR amplification products were visualized by gel electrophoresis. The reproducible RAPD fragments were scored on the basis of present (1 or absent (0 bands and a binary matrix constructed using each molecular marker. Association analysis between

RANDOMLY AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD FINGERPRINTING OF SIX INDONESIAN POPULATIONS OF GIANT FRESHWATER PRAWN, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

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Imron Imron

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Indonesia is rich of giant fresh water prawn (GFP germ plasms. Best utilization of these resources for the purpose of either aquaculture development or conservation of genetic resources requires some information on the structure and levels of their genetic diversity. This study was aimed to characterize those GFP genetic resources by applying RAPD genetic markers. Six Indonesian populations of GFP from Asahan, Barito, Ciasem, Ogan, GImacro and Papua were collected and analyzed for their genetic variation using five RAPD primers. The results showed the diversity within the populations, as revealed by the level of polymorphism, ranged from 29% to 76% while genetic divergence between populations as shown by genetic distance ranged from 0.04 to 0.50. In terms of genetic divergence, two genetically distinct groups of GFP, namely the Papua GFP in one group and the remaining five GFP populations in the other, were identified. The results also showed the presence of specific population markers that are useful for genetic identification of GFP populations. Implication of these finding with regard to breed development is discussed.

Fase de convalecencia en la rehabilitación cardíaca. Protocolo de actuación

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Susana Hernández García

2015-03-01

Full Text Available La fase de convalecencia de la rehabilitación cardíaca tiene como propósito fundamental mejorar la capacidad funcional y fomentar un cambio del estilo de vida a través de todos los aspectos que integra la prevención secundaria fundamentalmente, en la incorporación a un programa de entrenamiento físico y en el control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, lo que favorece la reincorporación social y laboral de los enfermos. Con el objetivo de actualizar el protocolo de actuación de esta fase en nuestra institución se establecieron diferentes ejercicios con sus dosificaciones y recomendaciones para la rehabilitación de diferentes poblaciones, así como controles de la sesión de entrenamiento físico a tener en cuenta. Este protocolo permitirá aunar estrategias para mejorar la intervención fisioterapéutica en la fase de convalecencia del Programa Nacional de Rehabilitación Cardíaca en Cuba.

ELABORAÇÃO, APLICAÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA DE UM PROTOCOLO PARA CASOS DE DISPUTA DE GUARDA

OpenAIRE

Maiorki, Simone

2014-01-01

As avaliações psicológicas de custódia aumentaram recentemente em função do crescente número de divórcios. Protocolos que orientam a avaliação em casos de custódia são raros no Brasil. Devido a essa demanda, esta pesquisa se propôs elaborar, aplicar e avaliar a eficácia de um protocolo de avaliação psicológica em processos de disputa de guarda. Foram avaliadas 11 famílias que entraram na justiça com o pedido de guarda, na Vara da Família de um município da região metropolitana de Curitiba/PR....

Assessment of genetic diversity within the Merodon ruficornis species group (Diptera: Syrphidae by RAPD analysis

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Andrić Andrijana

2017-01-01

Full Text Available As one of the most distinct groups in the hoverfly genus Merodon, the monophyletic ruficornis species group has been the focus of several studies using different approaches. Molecular methods have shown incongruences between morphological and molecular data. In the present study, we investigated four species of the Merodon ruficornis group (i.e. M. loewi, M. armipes, M. papillus and M. hoplitis with the aim of detecting intra- and interspecific genetic diversity, and we examined the usefulness of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD in an integrative taxonomic approach to species delimitation. Analysis of Nei’s genetic variation over all loci showed that genetic diversity for the analyzed Merodon species was h=0.24. Based on UPGMA, PCoA and Bayesian clustering analyses, our results clearly differentiated four groups that correspond to the four morphologically-defined Merodon species. Among the analyzed species, M. armipes and M. hoplitis showed the lowest level of genetic divergence; M. loewi was clearly separated from both M. armipes and M. papillus. Based on our data, we propose the use of RAPD-PCR as an additional tool for resolving taxonomic problems within Merodon. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no.173002

PROTOCOLO DE KYOTO: DEBATE SOBRE AMBIENTE Y DESARROLLO EN LAS DISCUSIONES SOBRE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO

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Rodríguez S. Liliana

2008-07-01

Full Text Available El comportamiento climático del planeta y sus consecuencias han propiciado debates sobre los modelos de desarrollo de los países responsables del deterioro acelerado del ambiente y de los fenómenos naturales por estos días recurrentes. Sin embargo, países como Estados Unidos, luego de firmar compromisos como la Convención sobre Cambio Climático, rehúsan adquirir las obligaciones del Protocolo de Kyoto, por temor a sufrir deterioro en sus economías. En este escenario, donde la nación responsable de la emisión de aproximadamente 36% de los gases efecto invernadero resultado de la acción humana en el planeta no se compromete a adoptar políticas restrictivas tendientes a hacer sus modelos de producción más amigables con la naturaleza a pesar de que dichas medidas empiezan a ser impuestas a otras naciones como condicionantes en las negociaciones comerciales internacionales, parece ser que la adopción del Protocolo de Kyoto para países en desarrollo como Colombia no es del todo benéfica.

Protocolo diagnóstico en fiebre de origen desconocido para países en vías de desarrollo

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Jesús Romo

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Signos vitales, como la fiebre, suelen ser motivo de frustración para el binomio médico-paciente; por ello, es indispensable tener en mente una serie de pasos a seguir que nos encaminen al diagnóstico etiológico de esta modalidad patológica. No podemos enfrentar tal padecimiento siguiendo ordenadamente los protocolos recomendados por autores de primer mundo, porque muchas de las veces nos quedamos a mitad del camino, constituyendo con esto una pérdida de tiempo y frustración. Es por eso que surge la necesidad de reorganizar un protocolo bien establecido para ello. En este trabajo, se reorganiza el protocolo diagnóstico establecido por la literatura anglosajona para deducir el factor etiológico en Fiebre de Origen Desconocido (FOD. La mayoría de los autores expertos en el tema recomienda cuatro fases diagnósticas divididas según las herramientas (tecnológicas y científicas de diagnóstico; la intención de esta revisión es reagrupar la modalidad diagnóstica y que sea de buen provecho para las unidades hospitalarias de América Latina y otros países que están en vías de desarrollo. Presentamos un formato fácil de seguir y que sin duda dará buenos resultados para el rastreo etiológico de este problema.

Atendimento à mulher vítima de violência sexual: protocolo de assistência de Enfermagem Atención a la Mujer Víctima de Violencia Sexual: Protocolo de Asistencia de Enfermería Assistance to women victims of sexual violence: a nursing care protocol

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Rosângela Higa

2008-06-01

Full Text Available O Ministério da Saúde preconiza o atendimento integral e humanizado às mulheres vítimas de violência sexual. Teve-se por objetivo descrever o Protocolo de Enfermagem na Assistência às Mulheres Vítimas de Violência Sexual do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, recentemente revisado. Para tanto, seguiram-se as etapas do processo de enfermagem e após a identificação dos principais diagnósticos da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA foram determinadas as intervenções, com base em normas técnicas nacionais e internacionais. O protocolo atual engloba o atendimento imediato e tardio, o acompanhamento ambulatorial e as ações relacionadas à interrupção legal da gravidez decorrente do estupro. O protocolo de enfermagem tem proporcionado à cliente um atendimento integral e humanizado e à enfermeira, maior autonomia na sua área de atuação, favorecendo o trabalho colaborativo e interativo com a equipe multidisciplinar.El Ministerio de Salud preconiza la atención integral y humanizada a las mujeres víctimas de violencia sexual. Se tuvo como objetivo describir el Protocolo de Enfermería en la Asistencia a las Mujeres Víctimas de Violencia Sexual del Centro de Atención Integral a la Salud de la Mujer de la Universidad Estatal de Campinas, recientemente revisado. Para tal efecto, se siguieron las etapas del proceso de enfermería y después de la identificación de los principales diagnósticos de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA fueron determinadas las intervenciones, con base en normas técnicas nacionales e internacionales. El protocolo actual engloba la atención inmediata y tardía, el acompañamiento ambulatorio y las acciones relacionadas a la interrupción legal del embarazo derivado de la violación. El protocolo de enfermería ha proporcionado a la cliente una atención integral y humanizada y a la enfermera, mayor autonomía en su �

The incidence of pressure ulcers after the implementation of a prevention protocol Incidencia de las úlceras por presión tras la implementación de un protocolo de prevención Incidência de úlceras por pressão após a implementação de um protocolo de prevenção

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Noemi Marisa Brunet Rogenski

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Even in the present, pressure ulcers still represent a severe health problem, particularly in Intensive Care Units (ICU. This study assesses the implementation of a protocol to prevent pressure ulcers in ICU inpatients. This prospective, descriptive and exploratory study verifies the incidence of pressure ulcers following the implementation of a prevention protocol. Data were collected from April 17th to July 15th 2009. The incidence observed in this study (23.1% was below that reported in a similar study developed in the same institution (41.02% before the implementation of the protocols to assess risk and prevent pressure ulcers. The prevention protocols are essential tools that have an impact on controlling the incidence of pressure ulcers, when used consistently.Las úlceras por presión todavía representan un problema de salud grave, especialmente en unidades de cuidados intensivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la aplicación de un protocolo para la prevención de úlceras por presión en pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y exploratorio, en los que la incidencia de úlceras por presión tras la aplicación de un protocolo de prevención. Los datos fueron recolectados durante el período comprendido entre el 17 abril a 15 julio 2009. Resultados: La incidencia encontrada en este estudio, el 23,1%, fue inferior a la indicada en un estudio similar elaborado en la misma institución (41,02% antes de la aplicación de protocolos para la evaluación de riesgos y la prevención de úlceras por presión. Conclusiones: protocolos de prevención son herramientas fundamentales y el impacto en el control de la incidencia de úlceras por presión, cuando se usan de manera habitual.As úlceras por pressão, ainda hoje, representam sério problema de saúde, em particular nas unidades de terapia intensiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a implementação de um protocolo de

Diversidade genética de três estoques de piapara (Leporinus elongatus, utilizando RAPD - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4710 Genetic diversity of three stocks of piapara (Leporinus elongatus, using RAPD - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4710

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Lauro Vargas

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Recentemente a produção aquícola brasileira tem apresentado grande progresso. Dentre as espécies nativas cultivadas no Brasil, a piapara (Leporinus elongatus tem sido amplamente preconizada. Com objetivo de avaliar os programas de repovoamento, foram analisadas a variabilidade e a divergência genética de três estoques de piapara com a técnica de RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic. O primeiro estoque pertence à Estação de Aquicultura e Hidrologia da Duke Energy International (A; o segundo, à piscicultura de Rolândia (B e o terceiro, ao Programa de Repovoamento dos Rios do Paraná (C. Os dez primers para RAPD utilizados produziram 105 fragmentos polimórficos, conferindo um polimorfismo de 98,1% para os três estoques avaliados. A porcentagem de locos polimórficos e índice de Shannon foi superior para o estoque A. Porém, todos valores foram elevados, indicando alta diversidade intrapopulacional. Os valores de indicam que houve baixa diferenciação genética entre os estoques A x B e moderada diferenciação entre os demais. O Nm foi maior entre os estoques A x B. A distância genética e o dendrograma indicam que os estoques A x B são menos distantes geneticamente.Latelly, aquiculture production in Brazil has made great strides. Among the native species cultivated in Brazil, piapara (Leporinus elogatus has been widely praised. With the objective of evaluating restocking programs, the variability and genetic divergence of three piapara stocks were analyzed using the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA technique. The first stock belongs to the Aquiculture and Hydrology Station of Duke Energy International (A; the second one belongs to a fish farm in the city of Rolândia (B; and the third to the River Restocking Program of Paraná (C. The ten primers used for RAPD produced 105 polymorphic loci, conferring a polymorphism of 98.1% for the three evaluated stocks. Polymorphic loci percentage and Shannon index were higher for stock A

Adherencia de los profesionales al protocolo de manejo y red de apoyo familiar de sífilis gestacional y congénita

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Luz Myriam Tobón-Borrero

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia de los profesionales médicos y de enfermería al protocolo de sífilis congénita y gestacional implementado por el Ministerio de la Protección Social. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal con una población de 215 gestantes y una muestra de 11 gestantes diagnosticadas con sífilis gestacional en 10 municipios de un departamento en Colombia entre febrero y abril de 2013. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Familiograma, Faces III (Olson, Lista de chequeo protocolo. Medidas de tendencia central. Participación voluntaria bajo consentimiento informado. Resultados: la media poblacional es de 20 años, baja escolaridad, amas de casa, en unión libre, todas afiliadas a seguridad social. El 60% corresponde a familias nucleares, faces III: 50% familias equilibradas, 30% moderadas y 20% extremas. Protocolo: Una gestante no tuvo control prenatal, el 54,5% no registran factores de riesgo, 60,3% diagnosticadas en tercer trimestre, 36,3% de recién nacidos con sífilis congénita, no se registra seguimiento serológico, no hay registro educativo a la paciente ni a la pareja, no hay valoración de genitales ni piel en examen físico de las gestantes, atención a RN incompleta, tratamiento suministrado adecuado. Conclusiones: Predominio de las familias nucleares y equilibradas, con capacidad de aprender de las crisis. No hay adherencia total al protocolo, no hay seguimiento por parte de los profesionales que brindan atención y cuidado a la usuaria. Se evidencia falta de educación continua en el tema al profesional de enfermería como líder del proceso en la región.

Genetic analysis of somaclonal variants and induced mutants of potato ( solanum tuberosum l.) cv. diamant using RAPD markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Afrasiab, H.; Iqbal, J.

2011-01-01

The objective of this work was to genetically analyze somaclonal variants and gamma induced mutants of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Diamant using RAPD-PCR technique. In the present work, callus was induced from nodes, inter nodes and leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with NAA (1.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.5 mg/l) and plants were regenerated from 14-20 weeks old calli. For gamma irradiation, ten-week old well proliferating calli were exposed to doses ranging from 5-50 Gy. All the four selected somaclonal variants and five gamma induced mutants were differentiated by banding patterns obtained from 22 primers that generated 140 polymorphic bands. The presence of polymorphic bands in variants and mutants suggest that genetic variation occurred in all the treatments as compared to control. Similarity and clustered analysis were conducted using Jaccard's coefficients and the un-weighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages. The results summarized in a dendrogram, show genetic diversity among the variants and mutants. The study shows that RAPD markers were efficient in discriminating somaclonal variants and induced mutants of potato. (author)

Diseño de un Protocolo de Intervención Psicoterapéutica focalizado en la Personalidad en adolescentes víctimas de violencia sexual

OpenAIRE

Luzuriaga Mera, Johanna Cristina

2013-01-01

Tesis sobre Intervención psicoterapéutica en adolescentes víctimas de violencia sexual. El objetivo fundamental es proponer estrategias psicoterapéuticas que favorezcan su proceso de recuperación emocional. El problema identificado es la inexistencia de protocolos que guíen el accionar terapéutico. El supuesto teórico es que desde el modelo es factible diseñar un protocolo de intervención psicoterapéutica en adolescentes víctimas de violencia sexual. Los antecedentes teóricos son modelo focal...

Análise da correlação entre o protocolo Polar Fitness Test® para predição de VO2máx e ergoespirometria

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Moacir Marocolo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A importância da mensuração do consumo máximo de oxigênio (O2máxé justificada por sua aceitação internacional como o melhor parâmetro fisiológico para avaliar a capacidade funcional do sistema cardiorrespiratório tanto em atletas como em não atletas que treinam fisicamente com objetivo de obter melhor saúde. OBJETIVO: Verificar a concordância entre os protocolos Polar Fitness Test® para a estimativa do O2máx e o teste de esforço máximo com medida direta de gases. MÉTODOS: Dezessete homens ativos (22,5 ± dois anos participaram. Em repouso, aplicou-se o protocolo Polar Fitness Test® e, em seguida, a coleta direta de gases sob o esforço máximo, em esteira, seguindo o protocolo de Bruce. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença significativa entre os valores médios dos métodos para estimativa do O2máx. O protocolo Polar Fitness Test® subestimou o O2máx, em média 15% (IC95%: 24; -53% comparado com a medida direta de gases. Os valores obtidos pelo Polar Fitness Test® não tiveram boa correlação com a medida direta em ergoespirômetro (r = 0,1. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo Polar Fitness Test® não é válido para a estimativa do O2máx em homens jovens ativos fisicamente.

Protocolos de Montreal e Kyoto: pontos em comum e diferenças fundamentais Montreal and Kyoto Protocols: common points and essential differences

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Darly Henriques da Silva

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Os Protocolos de Montreal e Kyoto, tratados internacionais de defesa do meio ambiente e da vida, controlam gases que provocam o buraco na camada de ozônio e o efeito estufa, respectivamente, resultantes de atividades industriais e uso da terra. O artigo enfatiza pontos comuns e diferenças entre eles, fornecendo atualização dos protocolos.Montreal and Kyoto Protocols, international treaties, aim at safeguarding the environment and life by controlling the use of gases which deplete the ozone layer and cause the greenhouse effect, respectively, due to industrial and land use activities. The article highlights common points and differences and provides an update discussion about the protocols.

Analysis of genetic diversity and genome relationships of four eggplant species (Solanum melongena L) using RAPD markers

Science.gov (United States)

Susilo; Setyaningsih, M.

2018-01-01

Solanum melongena (eggplant) is one of the diversity of the Solanum family which is grown and widely spread in Indonesia and widely used by the community. This research explored the genetic diversity of four local Indonesian eggplant species namely leuca, tekokak, gelatik and kopek by using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). The samples were obtained from Agricultural Technology Assessment Institute (BPTP) Bogor, Indonesia. The result of data observation was in the form of Solanum melongena plant’s DNA profile analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. 30 DNA bands (28 polymorphic and 2 monomorphic) were successfully scored by using four primers (OPF-01, OPF-02, OPF-03, and OPF-04). The Primers were used able to amplify all of the four eggplant samples. The result of PCR-RAPD visualization produces bands of 300-1500 bp. The result of cluster analysis showed the existence of three clusters (A, B, and C). Cluster A (coefficient of equal to 49%) consisted of a gelatik, cluster B (coefficient of 65% equilibrium) consisted of TPU (Kopek) and TK (Tekokak), and cluster C (55% equilibrium coefficient) consisted of LC (Leunca). These results indicated that the closest proximity is found in samples of TK (Tekokak) and TPU (Kopek).

Protocolo para el Abordaje Integral de la Violencia Sexual desde el Sector Salud

OpenAIRE

Cuevas Garavito, Aura; Pinilla Moya, Fernando; Barrios Acosta, Miguel; Gómez Sánchez, Pio Iván; Vásquez Rojas, Rafael; Cárdenas Rivera, Miguel Eduardo; Pardo Sierra, Fideligno; Urrego Mendoza, Zulma Consuelo; Ángel Muller, Edith; Cuervo Maldonado, Sonia; Macana Tuta, Neidy; Espitia Cruz, Martha Isabel; Torres, Petty Janeth; Botia, Luis; Hernández Molina, Luz Mery

2008-01-01

La Secretaría Distrital de Salud, como institución responsable de ejecutar políticas de salud pública, está comprometida con la promoción del buen trato y la prevención y atención de la violencia sexual. Cumpliendo con sus funciones dentro del actual Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud, la Secretaría Distrital de Salud ha creado el presente documento, Protocolo para el abordaje integral de la violencia sexual desde el Sector Salud, para brindar herramientas a las instituciones públic...

Protocolo de profilaxis antibiótica en un servicio de cirugía maxilofacial

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José Manuel Díaz Fernández

1996-06-01

Full Text Available Se muestra el protocolo de profilaxis antibiótica para intervenciones maxilofaciales, elaborado en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Provincial Docente "Saturnino Lora" y aprobado por su Comité de Investigaciones. Durante años en dicho Servicio se han puesto en práctica diversas normas de protección antibiótica, hasta concluir con la que hoy se esquematiza. La aplicación de este protocolo no significa la inmovilización de otros fármacos que en el futuro pudieran incorporarse o sustituir algunos de los que hoy se utilizan. Se expone de forma clara y concreta una pauta de profilaxis antibiótica que puede resultar de gran utilidadThe antibiotic prophylaxis protocol for maxillofacial interventions is shown. This protocol was developed in the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the "Saturnino Lora" Provincial Educational Hospital, and has the approval of its Investigations Committee. Along many years, several guidelines of antibiotic protection have been given effect to in this Service, until reaching this one outlined today. The application of this protocol does not mean the immobilization of other drugs that could be incorporated in the future, or could substitute some of the drugs used nowadays. A pattern of antibiotic prophylaxis that may be very useful is exposed in a clear and concrete way

Identification and tracing of Enterococcus spp. by RAPD-PCR in traditional fermented sausages and meat environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Martín, B; Corominas, L; Garriga, M; Aymerich, T

2009-01-01

Four local small-scale factories were studied to determine the sources of enterococci in traditional fermented sausages. Different points during the production of a traditional fermented sausage type (fuet) were evaluated. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR was used to type 596 Enterococcus isolates from the final products, the initial meat batter, the casing, the workers' hands and the equipment. Species-specific PCR-multiplex and the partial sequencing of atpA gene and 16S rRNA gene sequencing allowed the identification of the isolates: Enterococcus faecalis (31.4%), Enterococcus faecium (30.7%), Enterococcus sanguinicola (14.9%), Enterococcus devriesei (9.7%), Enterococcus malodoratus (7.2%), Enterococcus gilvus (1.0%), Enterococcus gallinarum (1.3%), Enterococcus casseliflavus (3.4%), Enterococcus hermanniensis (0.2%), and Enterococcus durans (0.2%). A total of 92 different RAPD-PCR profiles were distributed among the different factories and samples evaluated. Most of the genotypes found in fuet samples were traced back to their source. The major sources of enterococci in the traditional fermented sausages studied were mainly the equipment followed by the raw ingredients, although a low proportion was traced back to human origin. This work contributes to determine the source of enterococcal contamination in fermented sausages and also to the knowledge of the meat environment.

RAPD markers on genetic diversity in three populations of pisifera type of oil palm (elaeis guineensis)

Science.gov (United States)

Basyuni, M.; Prayogi, H.; Putri, L. A. P.; Syahputra, I.; Siregar, E. S.; Risnasari, I.; Wati, R.; Arifiyanto, D.

2018-03-01

Palm oil (E. guineensis) is one of the major commodity and contributing largely to non-petroleum oil of Indonesian foreign exchange. E. guineensis has three fruit types, dura (female), pisifera (male), and tenera —a hybrid between dura and pisifera. Pisifera plays an important function in the production of seed oil palm. The purpose of this research is to analyze genetic diversity of pisifera type of E. guineensis from three populations, Yangambi, Lame and Lame further cross in Bangun Bandar, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Eighteen samples for each population were analyzed using six RAPD markers. Results showed that RAPD markers were low polymorphic with 1.49, 1.39, and 1.00 average number alleles detected for Yagambi, Lame, and Lame further cross, respectively. The level of genetic diversity detected for each population was 0.28, 0.22, and 0.21 for Yagambi, Lame, and Lame further cross, respectively, indicating that the populations had little genetic variation. The highest of polymorphic information content (PIC) was found on the P11 primer of Yangambi (0.49) and P10 primer for lame further cross (0.49). By contrast, the lowest PIC belongs to P21 for Lame population (0.01). This data is likely to contributing oil palm breeding.

CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS E VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE ARATICUM UTILIZANDO MARCADORES RAPD E MICROSSATÉLITES

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MARCELA VERSIANI VENÂNCIO PIRES

2015-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a variabilidade genética da coleção de trabalho de acessos de araticum da Embrapa Cerrados e outros materiais próximos ao Distrito Federal, utilizando marcadores moleculares RAPD, microssatélites e análise de características morfológicas. Folhas de 18 acessos de araticum foram coletadas e utilizadas para a extração das amostras de DNA genômico, as quais foram amplificadas para obtenção de marcadores moleculares RAPD e microssatélites. Na análise morfológica, foram avaliadas 23 características dos acessos de araticum. As dissimilaridades genéticas entre os 18 genótipos de araticum evidenciaram a variabilidade genética dos acessos e as análises de agrupamento levaram à formação de três grupos de similaridade. Verificaram-se coeficientes de dissimilaridades genéticas baixos entre os materiais oriundos da Embrapa Cerrados e altos entre os outros materiais. Esses acessos são importantes fontes de variabilidade para o enriquecimento da atual coleção de trabalho da Embrapa Cerrados e para futuros estudos de caracterização morfológica e agronômica.

Establishing a diagnostic system for detecting Ralstonia solanacearum and genetic differentiation using RAPD molecular markers

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Edisson Chavarro Mesa

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic test (PCR has been developed for amplifying a región and obtaining a 292 bp product by using specific 16S rDNA primers for the rapid and precise identification of the causative agent (Ralstonia solanacearum of bacterial withering of potato in asymptomatic tubers. The bacteria was isolated from potato tubers and banana fruit using culturing techniques and immunological and molecular ELISA-NCM and PCR tests, respectively. PCR detected the presence of R. solanacearum on asymptomatic tubers by contrast with ELISA-NCM which did not detect this pathogen. Analysing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD led to differentiating and grouping R. solanacearum by geographical región and bacterial strain, suggesting that differences exist amongst existing collections according to their place of origin, presenting high genetic variability. The results showed that PCR is a sensitive and specific test for detecting R. solanacearum and can therefore be implemented as a method for controlling this pathogen in seed production and certification programmes in áreas free of the disease. The pathogen has been shown to be genetically heterogeneous according to the samples' geographical área thereby hampering control in áreas of Colombia experiencing phytosanitary problems with R. solanacearum in potato crops Key words: bacterial withered, moko, PCR-16S rADN, ELISA-NCM, PCR-RAPD.

Taxonomic relationships of some species of orobanche l. evidence from rapd-pcr and issr markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharawy, S.; Karakish, E.

2015-01-01

The taxonomic relationships among 25 samples representing nine species of Orobanche L. (Orobanchaceae) were determined by the analysis of morphological characters and molecular polymorphism using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR). In order to construct dendrogram elucidating the relationships among the examined taxa, the coded data were analyzed using the software package NTSYS-pc 2.1 based on the Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree building method based on a distance matrix. The aim of this study is to develop taxonomic relationship based on morphological and molecular data, in order to obtain a more reliable taxonomic relationship of Orobanche species under study. The dendrogram produced by the analysis of the molecular data (RAPD and ISSR) resembled that constructed by NJ dendrogram for the morphological variation. The studied taxa were separated in two groups, the first comprised of the five species of section Trionychon (O. purpurea, O.lavandulacea, O. ramosa, O. mutelii and O. aegyptiaca) and the second comprised of the four species of section Orobanche (O.cernua, O. crenata, O. minor and O. pubescens). High similarity was detected between O. pubescens and O. minor. The results confirmed the close relationship between O. ramosa and O. mutelii. Moreover, this study demonstrated the grouping of the studied taxa in most cases by geographically isolated population. (author)

Evolução funcional de pacientes graves submetidos a um protocolo de reabilitação precoce

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Fernanda Murata Murakami

2015-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução funcional dos pacientes submetidos a um protocolo de reabilitação precoce do paciente grave da admissão até a alta da unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Foi conduzido um estudo transversal retrospectivo, incluindo 463 pacientes adultos com diagnóstico clínico e/ou cirúrgico, submetidos a um protocolo de reabilitação precoce. A força muscular global foi avaliada na admissão da unidade de terapia intensiva por meio da escala Medical Research Council. De acordo com a pontuação da Medical Research Council os pacientes foram alocados em um dos quatro planos de intervenção, de acordo com a adequação ou não desses parâmetros, com a escala crescente do plano significando melhor status funcional. Os pacientes não colaborativos foram alocados nos planos de intervenção, conforme seu status funcional. A força muscular global e/ou o status funcional foram reavaliados na alta da unidade de terapia. Por meio do comparativo entre o plano de Intervenção na admissão (Planoinicial e na alta (Planofinal. Os pacientes foram categorizados em três grupos, de acordo com a melhora ou não do status funcional: respondedores 1 (Planofinal > Planoinicial, respondedores 2 (Planofinal = Planoinicial e não respondedores (Planofinal < Planoinicial. Resultados: Dos 463 pacientes submetidos ao protocolo, 432 (93,3% pacientes responderam positivamente à estratégia de intervenção, apresentando manutenção e/ou melhora do status funcional inicial. Os pacientes clínicos classificados como não respondedores apresentaram idade superior (74,3 ± 15,1 anos; p = 0,03 e maior tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva (11,6 ± 14,2 dias; p = 0,047 e no hospital (34,5 ± 34,1 dias; p = 0,002. Conclusão: A manutenção e/ou melhora do status funcional admissional esteve associada com menor tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva e hospitalar. Os resultados sugerem que o tipo de diagn

RAPD analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana transferred with total DNA of cabbage by ion beam

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bian Po; Yu Zengliang; Qin Guangyong; Huo Yuping; Wang Yan

2003-01-01

Two mutants were found among the Arabidopsis thaliana transferred with total DNA of cabbage. Variation of genome of T6 and its offspring were analyzed by RAPD-PCR with 40 random primers. The result from S168 primer was different from the CK, indicating that variation of genome can be made by total DNA transferring by use of ion beam, and this variation is hereditary. It is found that S 168-1850 is included within the gene of ABC transporter by aligning with genome of Arabidopsis thaliana in TAIT

INTRODUCCIÓN A LA METODOLOGÍA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN BIOÉTICA: SUGERENCIAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE UN PROTOCOLO DE INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA INTERDISCIPLINARIA INTRODUÇÃO À METODOLOGIA DA PESQUISA EM BIOÉTICA: SUGESTÕES PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM PROTOCOLO DE PESQUISA QUALITATIVA INTRODUCTION TO INVESTIGATION’S METHODOLOGY IN BIOETHICS: HINTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERDISCLINARY QUALITATIVE PROTOCOL

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María de la Luz Casas Martínez

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El avance de la bioética requiere de la ciencia para su desarrollo. La investigación en bioética parte de la interdisciplinariedad, lo cual complica su realización. Uno de los puntos conflictivos para aquellos que se inician en la investigación es la constitución de un adecuado protocolo. En este trabajo se pretende exponer un panorama general sobre los pasos de la integración de un protocolo con base en la investigación cualitativa.O desenvolvimento da ciência provoca o avanço da bioética. A pesquisa em bioética parte da interdisciplinaridade, a qual complica sua realização. Um dos pontos conflitivos para iniciantes na pesquisa é a constituição de um protocolo adequado. Este trabalho pretende expor um panorama geral sobre os passos da integração de um protocolo com base na pesquisa qualitativa.Bioethics’ advance requires science’s support for its development. Bioethics’ investigation stems from interdisciplinarity which, of course, complicates its fulfilment. One of the items in conflict for beginners in the investigation field is the establishment of a protocol. This work pretends to state a general overview about the steps that have to be taken to integrate a protocol based on qualitative investigation.

[Genetic analysis and estimation of genetic diversity in east-European breeds of swift hounds (Canis familiaris L.) based on the data of genomic studies using RAPD markers].

Science.gov (United States)

Semenova, S K; Illarionova, N A; Vasil'ev, V A; Shubkina, A V; Ryskov, A P

2002-06-01

The method of polymerase chain reaction with a set of arbitrary primers (RAPD-PCR) was used to describe genetic variation and to estimate genetic diversity in East-European swift hounds, Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois. For comparison, swift hounds of two West-European breeds (Whippet and Greyhound) and single dogs of other breed groups (shepherd, terriers, mastiffs, and bird dogs) were examined. For all dog groups, their closest related species, the wolf Canis lupus, was used as an outgroup. Variation of RAPD markers was studied at several hierarchic levels: intra- and interfamily (for individual families of Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois), intra- and interbreed (for ten dog breeds), and interspecific (C. familiaris-C. lupus). In total, 57 dogs and 4 wolfs were studied. Using RAPD-PCR with three primers, 93 DNA fragments with a length of 150-1500 bp were detected in several Borzoi families with known filiation. These fragments were found to be inherited as dominant markers and to be applicable for estimation of genetic differences between parents and their offspring and for comparison of individuals and families with different level of inbreeding. A high level of intra- and interbreed variation was found in Russian Psovyi and Hortyi Borzois. In these dog groups, genetic similarity indices varied in a range of 72.2 to 93.4% (parents-offspring) and 68.0 to 94.5 (sibs). Based on the patterns of RAPD markers obtained using six primers, a dendrogram of genetic similarity between the wolf and different dog breeds was constructed, and indices of intragroup diversity were calculated. All studied breeds were found to fall into two clusters, swift hounds (Borzoi-like dogs) and other dogs. Russian Borzois represent a very heterogeneous group, in which the Russian Psovyi Borzoi is closer to Greyhound than the Russian Hortyi Borzoi. All studied wolfs constituted a separate cluster. Significant differences were found between the wolf and dogs by the number of RAPD markers

Similaridade genética de populações naturais de pimenta-de-macaco por análise RAPD Genetic similarity of natural populations of pimenta-de-macaco (Piper aduncum L. obtained throug RAPD analysis

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José Maria D. Gaia

2004-12-01

Full Text Available A espécie conhecida como pimenta-de-macaco (Piper aduncum L. possui grande potencial para exploração econômica em função da comprovada utilidade do seu óleo essencial na agricultura e saúde humana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a diversidade genética de populações naturais dessa planta. Um total de dezoito acessos da planta, provenientes de quatro procedências da Amazônia Brasileira, foi examinado por meio de locos de DNA, gerados por análise RAPD (polimorfismo de DNA amplificado ao acaso. O estudo evidenciou a existência de real diversidade entre as populações examinadas, sendo provável que dentro das localidades investigadas, os padrões da diversidade genética acompanhem os padrões de distribuição geográfica.The species known as pimenta-de-macaco (Piper aduncum L. has great economic explotation potential based on the proved usefulness of the essential oil in agriculture and human health. The genetic diversity of their natural populations was characterized. A total of eighteen accessions of the plant, obtained from four different origins in the Brazilian Amazon, was examined by means of DNA loci, generated by RAPD analysis. Real genetic diversity was observed between the analyzed populations and it appear that the patterns of the genetic diversity follow the patterns of the geographical distribution.

Caracterização da diversidade genética entre acessos crioulos de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L. coletados em Santa Catarina por marcadores RAPD Characterization of the genetic diversity of landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. collected in Santa Catarina State by RAPD markers

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Márcio Fonseca de Carvalho

2008-09-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento da diversidade genética, por meio da dissimilaridade entre os genótipos, permite a organização, a amostragem e a utilização eficiente do germoplasma em programas de melhoramento genético. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a dissimilaridade entre acessos crioulos de feijão coletados no Estado de Santa Catarina, integrantes do banco ativo de germoplasma de feijão da UDESC e de três cultivares comerciais ("Pérola", "SCS 202-Guará" e "BRS Valente", por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD. Foram utilizados 21 iniciadores decâmeros que permitiram a visualização de 96 bandas, sendo que 41 (42,7% apresentaram polimorfismo entre os acessos estudados, resultando em bandas entre 650 e 2000pb. A dissimilaridade foi calculada utilizando-se o coeficiente de Sorensen-Dice e o agrupamento foi realizado pelo método UPGMA. Os acessos foram separados em dois grupos principais, com dissimilaridade relativamente alta, quando comparada com a dissimilaridade observada dentro de cada grupo. Os dois grupos formados indicam os centros de domesticação, Mesoamericano ou Andino, dos acessos analisados. A dissimilaridade entre as cultivares avaliadas ("SCS 202-Guará", "BRS Valente" e "Pérola" é baixa (0,15, se comparada com a dissimilaridade entre os demais acessos do banco de germoplasma (0,65. A menor dissimilaridade entre os acessos estudados (BAF63 e BAF04 foi de 0,02. A inexistência de acessos repetidos reforça a necessidade de novas coletas de germoplasma, o que resultará em um banco de germoplasma de feijão mais representativo da variabilidade genética remanescente em Santa Catarina.The knowledge of the genetic diversity through the divergence among the genotypes allows the organization of the germplasm, sampling and efficient utilization in breeding programs. The objective of this study was to analyze the dissimilarity among germplasm collected in Santa Catarina State, stored in UDESC germplasm active bank of common bean

Protocolo para comunicación inalámbrica en instalaciones de energías renovables

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Félix Sasián

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Durante estos últimos cuatro años, la industria fotovoltaica (FV ha tenido que enfrentarse a su primer proceso de consolidación, debido, entre otros factores, a la crisis económica. En esas circunstancias, la FV tiene la necesidad vital de reducir los costes. Una nueva línea de trabajo, la electrónica de potencia empotrada a nivel de modulo (MLPE Module Level Power Electronic, está en plena expansión y promete aumentar no solo la eficiencia sino también la flexibilidad y la seguridad de los sistemas fotovoltaicos. No obstante, una solución óptima de MLPE dependerá de la gestión eficaz de la comunicación de datos. Desafortunadamente, hoy en día no existe un protocolo estándar abierto que presente las características deseadas para este fin. En este artículo se propone una solución de comunicaciones basada en un protocolo robusto, seguro y fácil de implementar sobre un pequeño microcontrolador, enfocado a sistemas de ultra bajo consumo y que, por el hecho de estar orientado a mensaje y evitar la fragmentación de la información, permite anchos de banda bajos y entornos con alto nivel de ruido. Sobre todo, dicho protocolo aporta una solución para estandarizar la comunicación entre los distintos equipos que contempla una instalación FV (independientemente de su tipo y tamaño. Finalmente, el protocolo propuesto se puede extender a sistemas de micro-generación eólica o hidráulica y/o a sistemas de monitorización remota. Abstract: During the last four years, photovoltaic (PV has faced its first consolidation phase, due among other factors to the economic crisis. Under these circumstances, the PV industry had the vital need to reduce costs. A new technology, called module level power electronics (MLPE, is since then rapidly expanding and carries the promises to increase not only the efficiency but also the flexibility and safety of PV systems. However, an

Marcadores RAPD para la identificación del sexo en papaya (Carica papaya L. en Colombia

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Chaves-Bedoya Giovanni

2009-08-01

Full Text Available

Impacto de un protocolo de crisis hipertensiva en el servicio de urgencia en la clínica geriátrica del ejercito; marzo 2009 – marzo 2011.

OpenAIRE

Torres Valle, Maria Cristel Emilia

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO.- Determinarel impacto de un protocolo de crisis hipertensiva en el Servicio de Urgencia, en cuanto al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la crisis hipertensiva, mediante un protocolo de manejo en la Clínica Geriátrica del Ejército, Marzo 2009 – Marzo 2011. METODOS.- El estudio realizado fue de tipo prospectivo- longitudinal, con una muestra aleatoria de 60 pacientes. La recolección de datos fue a través del llenado de fichas clínicas, mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas de ...

Protocolos para redes inalámbricas de tiempo real: simulaciones y ensayos experimentales

OpenAIRE

Alimenti, Omar; Friedrich, Guillermo Rodolfo; Reggiani, Guillermo; Cayssials, Ricardo; Galasso, Christian L.; Gomez de Marco, Damián; Maidana, Federico; Tonietti, Santiago

2012-01-01

En el estudio de distintas propuestas tendientes a mejorar los protocolos de redes de datos, la simulación es una técnica muy valiosa para la evaluación del desempeño. El simulador Network Simulator ns-2 [1] es uno de los referentes utilizados en los trabajos de investigación en el campo de las redes de datos. Por otra parte, para la implementación práctica de los mecanismos desarrollados, se requiere de hardware específico para tal fin. La idea básica consiste en que, en función de las...

A metodologia etnográfica em pesquisas de ciência da informação: estudos de observação com uso de Protocolo Verbal

OpenAIRE

Redigolo, Franciele Marques; Neves, Dulce Amélia de Brito; Fujita, Mariângela Spotti Lopes

2015-01-01

A partir desta comunicação debateu-se a possibilidade de aplicação do protocolo verbal na primeira etapa da pesquisa etnográfica com o intuito de junção de dois métodos de coleta de dados. Com o objetivo de apresentar a possibilidade de aplicação do Protocolo Verbal na observação participante, que é primeira etapa da técnica da Pesquisa Etnográfica proposta por André (1995), para desvendar estratégias, procedimentos e dificuldades durante o desenvolvimento de atividades em pesquisas na Ciênci...

DNA polymorphisms revealed by the RAPD technique show differences between radionuclide-contaminated and uncontaminated mosquitofish populations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theodorakis, C.W.; Shugart, L.R.

1993-01-01

In 1977, approximately 250 Mosquitofish (Gambusia affines) were transplanted from a relatively uncontaminated site into a small pond on the Oak Ridge Reservation that is heavily contaminated with radionuclides. DNA polymorphisms, using the RAPD technique, were examined in order to determine if any genetic differentiation had occurred between the two populations. Also, fish from another radionuclide-contaminated population (White Oak Lake) and two unrelated non-contaminated populations were also examined. The RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique uses the polymerase chain reaction with a short oligonucleotide primer to produce DNA fragments of various lengths. When analyzed by gel electrophoresis, these fragments form banding patterns similar to DNA fingerprints. A total of 26 primers were used to produce DNA band patterns, many of which revealed population differences. In addition several primers revealed banding patterns which differentiated between the Crystal Springs and Pond 3513 populations. Furthermore, bands found at high frequency in Pond 3513 and White Oak Lake populations were absent or present at a lower frequency in the non-contaminated populations. For some primers, the contaminated populations showed more DNA bands per individual, and fish with more bands had fewer DNA strand breaks than the fish with fewer bands. These data will be discussed with relation to biomonitoring programs and evolution of resistance to genotoxins in natural populations

Diagnosticos de enfermagem em pacientes classificados nos niveis I e II de prioridade do Protocolo Manchester

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Cristiane Chaves de Souza

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou identificar possíveis diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes classificados nos níveis I e II de prioridade do protocolo Manchester. Trata-se de estudo descritivo retrospectivo, cuja amostra foi de 40 prontuários de pacientes classificados nos níveis I e II de prioridade. Para identificação dos diagnósticos de enfermagem dois especialistas analisaram sinais e sintomas registrados nos prontuários dos pacientes no momento da classificação de risco. No nível I de prioridade, os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais frequentes foram: dor aguda (65,0%, padrão respiratório ineficaz (45,0% e troca de gases prejudicada (40,0%. No nível II de prioridade foram: dor aguda (80,0%, náusea (10,0% e risco de desequilíbrio eletrolítico (10,0%. Percebeu-se que a utilização do protocolo de Manchester favorece a identificação de características definidoras e fatores relacionados/fatores de risco que subsidiam a elaboração de diagnósticos de enfermagem na classificação de risco.

Protocolo de actuación ante la rosácea en la farmacia comunitaria

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Espinosa Suances A

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La rosácea es una dermatosis facial inflamatoria, recidivante y crónica, que con frecuencia demanda consulta en la farmacia comunitaria. Orientado hacia la práctica clínica del farmacéutico comunitario, este artículo revisa y sintetiza los conceptos clásicos y los avances más recientes en la comprensión y el tratamiento de esta enfermedad cutánea. Finalmente, propone un protocolo para la asistencia de pacientes con rosácea en la farmacia comunitaria.

RAPD-SCAR Markers for Genetically Improved NEW GIFT Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) and Their Application in Strain Identification.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Si-Fa; Tang, Shou-Jie; Cai, Wan-Qi

2010-04-01

The NEW GIFT Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) is a nationally certificated new strain selected over 14 years and 9 generations from the base strain of GIFT Nile tilapia, introduced in 1994. This new variety has been extended in most of areas of China. The management of genetically improved strains, including the genetic markers for identification is needed urgently. RAPD analysis was conducted and their conversion to SCAR markers was developed. From NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, two strain-specific RAPD bands, S(304 )(624 bp ) and S(36 )(568 bp ) were identified. The strain-specific RAPD bands were gel-purified, cloned, and sequenced. Locus-specific primers were then designed to amplify the strain-specific bands. PCR amplification was conducted to test the variations in allele frequencies of two converted SCAR markers among the NEW GIFT Nile tilapia and its base strains, as well as 7 additional farmed strains worldwide. The frequency of SCAR marker I (553 bp) was 85.7% in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, but 16.7% in the base strain. The frequency of SCAR marker II (558 bp) was 91.4% in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, but 0% - 70% in the 7 other strains. In order to confirm the utility of these two markers, an examination was conducted for a wild population from Egypt, resulted the frequency of SCAR I and II was 10% and 70%, respectively, much lower than that of New GIFT strain. The increase in allele frequency of these two SCAR markers suggests that these markers might be genetically linked to the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlining the performance traits by long term selection, and indicate the bright potential of SCAR marker technology for tracking generations during selection progress and for distinguishing among genetically improved strain and other strains.

Inheritance of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) RAPD markers in a backcross progeny with Brassica campestris

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mikkelsen, T.R.; Jensen, J.; Bagger Jørgensen, Rikke

1996-01-01

Different cultivars/transgenic lines of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were crossed (as females) with different cultivars/populations of Brassica campestris. All cross combinations produced seed, with an average seed set per pollination of 9.8. Backcrossing of selected interspecific hybrids (as...... females) to B. campestris resulted in a much lower seed set, average 0.7 seed per pollination. In the single backcross progeny where a large enough population (92 plants) was obtained for analysis, 33 B. napus specific RAPD markers were investigated to determine the extent of transfer of oilseed rape...

Protocolo fonoaudiológico para avaliação da deglutição: proposta para segurança e qualidade dos atendimentos hospitalares

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Luana Marsicano Alves

2016-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo consiste em apresentar um protocolo fonoaudiológico para avaliação da deglutição em ambiente hospitalar com o intuito de auxiliar o profissional de Fonoaudiologia na identificação dos sinais clínicos sugestivos de penetração/aspiração laringotraqueal e outras alterações da dinâmica da deglutição, que levem a disfagia. O protocolo foi desenvolvido em um hospital público de Minas Gerais, por meio de revisão de literatura em bases de dados nacionais e internacionais e protocolos pré-existentes, de modo a proporcionar uma avaliação completa e objetiva da deglutição. O instrumento foi organizado em dois domínios (avaliação direta e indireta da deglutição, com um total de quatorze questões. O modelo apresentado é livre à utilização de profissionais da área e propõe maior qualidade e padronização dos atendimentos fonoaudiológicos ofertados. O processo de validação desse instrumento encontra-se em fase de execução.  

Comparison of multilocus sequence typing, RAPD, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for typing of β-lactam-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachse, Svea; Bresan, Stephanie; Erhard, Marcel; Edel, Birgit; Pfister, Wolfgang; Saupe, Angela; Rödel, Jürgen

2014-12-01

Extended spectrum of β-lactam (ESBL) resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae has become an increasing problem in hospital infections. Typing of isolates is important to establish the intrahospital surveillance of resistant clones. In this study, the discriminatory potential of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analyses were compared with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) by using 17 β-lactam-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates of different genotypes. MLST alleles were distributed in 8 sequence types (STs). Among ESBL strains of the same ST, the presence of different β-lactamase genes was common. RAPD band patterns also revealed 8 types that corresponded to MLST-defined genotypes in 15 out of 17 cases. MALDI-TOF analysis could differentiate 5 clusters of strains. The results of this work show that RAPD may be usable as a rapid screening method for the intrahospital surveillance of K. pneumoniae, allowing a discrimination of clonally related strains. MALDI-TOF-based typing was not strongly corresponding to genotyping and warrants further investigation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Analysis of the genetic diversity in Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker (Hemiptera, Aphididae by RAPD markers Análise da diversidade genética de Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker (Hemiptera, Aphididae por meio de marcadores RAPD

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Marcelo Lopes-da-Silva

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The emergence of host-races within aphids may constitute an obstacle to pest management by means of plant resistance. There are examples of host-races within cereals aphids, but their occurrence in Rose Grain Aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849, has not been reported yet. In this work, RAPD markers were used to assess effects of the hosts and geographic distance on the genetic diversity of M. dirhodum lineages. Twenty-three clones were collected on oats and wheat in twelve localitites of southern Brazil. From twenty-seven primers tested, only four primers showed polymorphisms. Fourteen different genotypes were revealed by cluster analysis. Five genotypes were collected only on wheat; seven only on oats and two were collected in both hosts. Genetic and geographical distances among all clonal lineages were not correlated. Analysis of molecular variance showed that some molecular markers are not randomly distributed among clonal lineages collected on oats and on wheat. These results suggest the existence of host-races within M. dirhodum, which should be further investigated using a combination of ecological and genetic data.A emergência de raças hospedeiro-especialistas em afídeos pode constituir um obstáculo ao manejo de pragas por meio de plantas resistentes. Existem exemplos de raças hospedeiro-especialistas em afídeos de cereais, embora a ocorrência de raça hospedeiro-especialista no pulgão-verde-pálido-do-trigo Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849 (Hemiptera, Aphididae não tenha sido relatada ainda. Marcadores RAPD foram utilizados para avaliar os efeitos da distância geográfica e do hospedeiro sobre a diversidade genética de linhas clonais de M. dirhodum. Vinte e três clones foram coletados em aveia e trigo em doze localidades do sul do Brasil. De vinte e sete iniciadores usados para a análise, apenas quatro iniciadores mostraram polimorfismos. A análise de agrupamento por similaridade genética revelou haver quatorze

Proyecto Arquitectónico Energéticamente Eficiente Mediante Gramáticas de Formas y Aprendizaje por Refuerzo

OpenAIRE

Gavilanes-Velaz-de-Medrano, Juan; Hidalgo, Pablo; Belmonte, David; Mandow-Andaluz, Lorenzo; Ruiz-Montiel, Manuela

2015-01-01

En este trabajo presentamos un sistema para la generación de esquemas de viviendas unifamiliares energéticamente eficientes. Los esquemas se sintetizan mediante la ejecución de gramáticas de formas simples, entrenadas por medio de técnicas de aprendizaje por refuerzo, teniendo en cuenta criterios tanto de habitabilidad como de eficiencia energética. Los resultados obtenidos son analizados y validados Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Perfil de un buen docente. Aplicación de un protocolo de evaluación de las competencias del profesorado universitario

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Ana Belén López Cámara

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene por objetivo establecer un compendio de competencias docentes que las universidades consideran esenciales para definir el rol del profesorado y, a partir de su análisis, establecer un sistema de indicadores de evaluación de la calidad de su actividad docente. A partir de un primer trabajo de diseño de modelo experimental a partir del análisis de los documentos aportados por las unidades de calidad de las universidades españolas y la validación del protocolo por parte de un grupo de expertos de las universidades de Córdoba, Salamanca, Jaume I, Huelva y Sevilla, el modelo resultante se aplicó forma experimental a un grupo de 1316 estudiantes quienes, con sus valoraciones, han permitido elaborar un protocolo de indicadores de evaluación de las competencias docentes del profesorado universitario.

Invasion and spreading of Cabomba caroliniana revealed by RAPD markers

Science.gov (United States)

Jin, Xiaofeng; Ding, Bingyang; Gao, Shuqin; Jiang, Weimei

2005-12-01

Applying randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), the genetic variation of Cabomba caroliniana Gray (cabomba or fanwort), a new alien plant in China, was analyzed in this paper. Total 143 bands, including 47 polymorphic bands, were amplified from 23 primers in 20 samples. The sampling distance was large, but its genetic diversity was low. The main results were that: (1) Cabomba, which grew and dispersed mainly in fragment, was an abundant and dominant species in freshwater, and its main dispersal mechanism was vegetative reproduction (2) Cabomba was originally introduced into China as an aquarium submerged plant. Somehow, those discarded cabomba became invasive species in the areas of Hangzhou, Shanghai, and Meicheng, and other places. (3) Although the level of genetic diversity in cabomba was low, their rapid dispersion and propagation could seriously harm to local aquatic community. Therefore, specific measure should be used to control cabomba from uncontrolled spreading and damage to local vegetation communities.

Efecto de precursores y reguladores de crecimiento en la formación de brotes adventicios a partir de explantes de limón persa (Citrus latifolia).

OpenAIRE

Pérez Luna, Adriana Isabel

2013-01-01

En México, la citricultura se ha visto afectada por diferentes plagas y enfermedades, ocasionando grandes daños en la producción. Limón persa (Citrus latifolia Tan.) por ser un cítrico agrio está catalogado como una especie susceptible a una de las enfermedades más devastadoras como lo es el Huanglongbing (HLB). Una alternativa viable es el desarrollo de plantas transgénicas resistentes a enfermedades. Para ello se requiere un protocolo eficiente de brotación adventicia. En este estudio se c...

Efficient 'One Pot' Nitro Reduction-Protection of γ-Nitro Aliphatic Methyl Esters

OpenAIRE

Díaz-Coutiño, Francisco D.; Escalante, Jaime

2009-01-01

A simple and efficient protocol has been developed for the direct conversion of γ-nitro aliphatic methyl esters to N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amine methyl esters using NH4+HCO2- and Pd/C in the presence of (Boc)2O. There was a significant decrease in the reaction time under these conditions, increased yields and the purity of the products using this 'one pot' procedure. Un protocolo simple y eficiente de síntesis ha sido desarrollado para la conversión directa de metil ésteres de γ-nitro alifá...

Distinción de especies del género Persea mediante RAPD e ISSR de ADN

OpenAIRE

Reyes-Alemán, Juan Carlos; Valadez-Moctezuma, Ernestina; Simuta-Velázco, Lisandro; Barrientos-Priego, Alejandro Facundo; Gallegos-Vázquez, Clemente

2013-01-01

Con la finalidad de establecer bases para diferenciar parte de la diversidad genética de Persea y en especial del subgénero Persea resguardado en la colección nacional de germoplasma de aguacate de México, se estudiaron ocho especies (P. americana, P. steyermarkii, P. schiedeana, P. lingue, P. nubigena, P. floccosa, P. cinerascens y P. indica) con marcadores moleculares mediante las técnicas de RAPD e ISSR, donde los productos de PCR fueron separados en geles de acrilamida. Las huellas de ADN...

Genetic diversity of improved salt tolerant calli of maize (Zea mays L.) using RAPD

Science.gov (United States)

Saputro, Triono Bagus; Dianawati, Siti; Sholihah, Nur Fadlillatus; Ermavitalini, Dini

2017-06-01

Maize is one of important cultivated plants in the world, in terms of production rates, utilization rates and demands. Unfortunately, the increment of demands were not followed by the increase of production rates since the cultivation area were significantly decrease. Coastal area is the marginal land that have a good potential to extend the cultivation area. The main challenge of this area is the high content of salt. The aims of this research were try to induce a new varian of local maize through in vitro culture and observe its genetic variation using RAPD. Bluto variety from Madura island was used as an explant in callus induction. Induction of callus were conducted using MS basal medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of 2,4 D under dark condition. While the selection stage was conducted using MS basal medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of 2,4 D with the addition of various concentration of NaCl (0 mg/L; 2500 mg/L; 5000 mg/L; and 7500 mg/L). The research were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. The exposion of NaCl were significantly decrease the mass of maize callus. The highest addition of callus weight was 210 mgs in control treatment, while the lowest is in 7500 mg/L with 3 mgs. The RAPD technique was utilized to characterize the genotype of maize callus. Out of five primers, only three primers can produce polymorphic bands named OPA10, OPB07 and OPC02. Taken together, the surviving callus of Bluto varians can be further developed as potential somaclone that has high tolerance to salt stress.

Estudio del polimorfismo genético de las células de la médula ósea y del sistema nervioso central de ratas mediante la técnica de RAPD

OpenAIRE

Esteban Alberti; Jorge Fraga; Rocío García; Elizabeth Hernández; Karelys de la Cuetara; Lázara Castillo; Teresa Serrano

2011-01-01

Study of genetic polymorphism of the bone marrow and the central nervous system of rats cells by RAPD technique    Título corto: RAPD a células de ratas. Resumen Los modelos experimentales en rata han sido de gran utilidad en las evaluaciones terapéuticas o de reemplazo de células en enfermedades neurodegenerativas. Se ha comprobado que las células de la médula ósea (CMO) de ratas pueden diferenciarse en células que no forman parte de sus linajes normales. Hay evidencias de e...

Molecular Diversity of Antagonistic Streptomyces spp. against Botrytis allii, the agent of onion gray mold using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD Markers

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M. Jorjandi

2014-08-01

Full Text Available As an aim in sustainable agriculture, biological control of plant diseases has received intensive attention mainly as a response to public concern about the use of chemical fungicides in the environment. Soil Actinomycetes particularly Streptomyces spp. enhance soil fertility and have antagonistic activity against wide range of plant pathogens. To investigate for biocontrol means against the pathogen, 30 isolates of Actinomycetes have been isolated from agricultural soils of Kerman province of Iran and assayed for antagonistic activity against Botrytis allii, the agent of onion gray mold. RAPD DNA analysis has been used to determine the relatedness of active and non-active isolates based on their RAPD-PCR fingerprints. PCR amplifiable DNA samples have been isolated using the CTAB method and amplified fragments have been obtained from 5 random 10-mer primers. Different DNA fingerprinting patterns have been obtained for all of the isolates. Electrophoretic and cluster analysis of the amplification products has revealed incidence of polymorphism among the isolates. A total of 138 bands, ranging in size from 150-2800 bp, have been amplified from primers which 63.7% of the observed bands have been polymorphic. Genetic distances among different varieties have been analyzed with a UPGMA (Unweighted pair-group method, arithmetic average-derived dendrogram. Resulting dendrogram has showed from 0.65 to 0.91 similarities among varieties and divided the isolates into five major groups. Isolates which haven’t had any antagonistic activity against B. allii have been separated into a group and other isolates classified into four groups. The results indicate that RAPD is an efficient method for discriminating and studying genetic diversity of Streptomyces isolates.

Validação de protocolo de posicionamento de recém-nascido em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz Rosana Gonçalves de Oliveira Toso

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivo: verificar as indicações de posicionamento dos recém-nascidos (RN e construir um protocolo de procedimento operacional padrão (POP para posicionamento de RN em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN. Método: para validação do POP utilizou-se a técnica Delphi, em que enfermeiros especialistas na área avaliaram o procedimento proposto. Resultados: apresentam-se os resultados dessa validação na forma de protocolo, para contribuir com a discussão sobre o posicionamento do RN na UTIN e padronização da assistência de enfermagem relacionada ao posicionamento. Foram avaliados dez indicadores, em sete dos quais houve concordância de 100,0% e, em três, de 80%, acima dos 60% preconizados pela técnica de validação. Conclusão: dada a importância do posicionamento dos recém-nascidos internados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal para seu desenvolvimento neuromuscular, o estudo contribui para adoção de uma prática baseada em evidência para a enfermagem.

Isozyme, ISSR and RAPD profiling of genotypes in marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum).

Science.gov (United States)

Saxena, Raghvendra; Chandra, Amaresh

2010-11-01

Genetic analysis of 30 accessions of marvel grass (Dichanthium annulatum Forsk.), a tropical range grass collected from grasslands and open fields of drier regions, was carried out with the objectives of identifying unique materials that could be used in developing the core germplasm for such regions as well as to explore gene (s) for drought tolerance. Five inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers [(CA)4, (AGAC), (GACA) 4; 27 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and four enzyme systems were employed in the present study. In total, ISSR yielded 61 (52 polymorphic), RAPD 269 (253 polymorphic) and enzyme 55 isozymes (44 polymorphic) bands. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) and marker index (MI) across all polymorphic bands of 3 markers systems ranged from 0.419 to 0.480 and 4.34 to 5.25 respectively Dendrogram analysis revealed three main clusters with all three markers. Four enzymes namely esterase (EST), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PRX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) revealed 55 alleles from a total of 16 enzyme-coding loci. Of these, 14 loci and 44 alleles were polymorphic. The mean number of alleles per locus was 3.43. Mean heterozygosity observed among the polymorphic loci ranged from 0.406 (SOD) to 0.836 (EST) and accession wise from 0.679 (1G3108) to 0.743 (IGKMD-10). Though there was intermixing of few accessions of one agro-climatic region to another largely groupings of accessions were with their regions of collections. Bootstrap analysis at 1000 iterations also showed large numbers of nodes (11 to 17) having strong clustering (> 50 bootstrap values) in all three marker systems. The accessions of the arid and drier regions forming one cluster are assigned as distinct core collection of Dichanthium and can be targeted for isolation of gene (s) for drought tolerance. Variations in isozyme allele numbers and high PIC (0.48) and MI (4.98) as observed with ISSR markers indicated their usefulness for germplasm characterization.

Assessment of genetic stability in micropropagules of Jatropha curcas genotypes by RAPD and AFLP analysis

KAUST Repository

Sharma, Sweta K.

2011-07-01

Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae), a drought resistant non edible oil yielding plant, has acquired significant importance as an alternative renewable energy source. Low and inconsistent yields found in field plantations prompted for identification of high yielding clones and their large scale multiplication by vegetative propagation to obtain true to type plants. In the current investigation plantlets of J. curcas generated by axillary bud proliferation (micropropagation) using nodal segments obtained from selected high yielding genotypes were assessed for their genetic stability using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analyses. For RAPD analysis, 21 out of 52 arbitrary decamer primers screened gave clear reproducible bands. In the micropropagated plantlets obtained from the 2nd sub-culture, 4 out of a total of 177 bands scored were polymorphic, but in the 8th and 16th sub-cultures (culture cycle) no polymorphisms were detected. AFLP analysis revealed 0.63%, 0% and 0% polymorphism in the 2nd, 8th and 16th generations, respectively. When different genotypes, viz. IC 56557 16, IC 56557 34 and IC 56557 13, were assessed by AFLP, 0%, 0.31% and 0.47% polymorphisms were found, respectively, indicating a difference in genetic stability among the different genotypes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on assessment of genetic stability of micropropagated plantlets in J. curcas and suggests that axillary shoot proliferation can safely be used as an efficient micropropagation method for mass propagation of J. curcas. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.

Population structure of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae) in Thailand based on PCR-RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Thaenkham, Urusa; Pakdee, Wallop; Nuamtanong, Supaporn; Maipanich, Wanna; Pubampen, Somchit; Sa-Nguankiat, Surapol; Komalamisra, Chalit

2012-05-01

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the causative agent of angiostrongyliasis, which is widely distributed throughout the world. It can specifically infect many species of intermediate and definitive hosts. This study examined the genetic differentiation and population structure using the RAPD-PCR method of parasites obtained from 8 different geographical areas of Thailand. Based on 8 primers, high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of gene flow among populations were found. Using genetic distance and neighbor-joining dendrogram methods, A. cantonensis in Thailand could be divided into two groups with statistically significant genetic differentiation of the two populations. However, genotypic variations and haplotype relationships need to be further elucidated using other markers.

Evidence of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting in Taipei City, Taiwan.

Science.gov (United States)

Harn, H J; Shen, K L; Ho, L I; Yu, K W; Liu, G C; Yueh, K C; Lee, J H

1997-01-01

AIMS: To determine, by strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whether transmission has occurred between individuals or whether new strains are present. METHODS: A rapid protocol for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was developed. This protocol was applied to 64 strains of M tuberculosis that had been confirmed by culture and microbiological methods. RESULTS: There are five groups of M tuberculosis prevalent in Taipei city, Taiwan. The major types are groups I and III. Groups I and II had been prevalent until the end of last year when, according to our group analysis, they had been eradicated. However, group III was continuously present from the middle of 1995 to the middle of 1996, and group IV was present at the end of both years, which indicated that both groups were transmitted continuously. These clustered strains had demographic characteristics consistent with a finding of transmission tuberculosis. Also, there were 13 of 64 strains with unique RAPD fingerprints that were inferred to be due primarily to the reactivation of infection. In the drug resistance analysis, the major type represented included group III and part of group IV. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data imply, not only that the prevalence of M tuberculosis in Taipei city is due to transmission rather than reactivation, but that drug resistance also may play a role in tuberculosis transmission. Images PMID:9378819

PROPOSTA DE UM PROTOCOLO DE ANÁLISE DE TECNOLO GIA DA INFORMAÇÃO PARA EMPRESAS EM PROCESSO DE FUSÃO OU AQUISIÇÃO

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Edimara Mezzomo Luciano

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Considerando a importância da TI nas organizações, a participação dessa área é indispensável em processos de fusões e aquisições. No entanto, nem sempre a área de TI participa dessas decisões, e muitas organizações têm dificuldades no momento de integrar novas empresas à sua infraestrutura de TI. O objetivo da pesquisa é desenvolver um protocolo de análise que contribua para a avaliação de aspectos de TI em empresas que estão em processo de fusão/aquisição. Um estudo de caso em uma indústria multinacional brasileira constitui o método de pesquisa utilizado. Uma proposta inicial do protocolo de análise foi desenvolvida com base no referencial teórico e aprimorada com entrevistas com 10 executivos e pelo acompanhamento (observação e análise de documentos de dois processos de fusão/aquisição. O protocolo está dividido em duas fases. A pré-avaliação envolve o mapeamento das atividades de avaliação, o entendimento da empresa a ser avaliada e o planejamento detalhado dos próximos passos, envolvendo a preparação dos instrumentos de análise. A avaliação envolve 27 aspectos agrupados em Estratégia de TI, RH, Processos e Tecnologia. Para apoiar a consolidação dos dados e a elaboração do relatório, criou-se um roteiro abordando aspectos de infraestrutura, RH, outsourcing, projetos, aplicações críticas, automação industrial, contrato de licenças, contratos de manutenção, orçamento de investimentos e governança de TI. Por sugestão dos entrevistados, itens como governança, gestão da mudança, formação e capacitação de equipes, uso de melhores práticas e metodologia de projetos foram incluídos de forma transversal, no intuito de zelar pela atualização e correta utilização do protocolo. Palavras-chave: Fusões. Aquisições. Tecnologia da Informação. Protocolo de avaliação.

RESPOSTA AGUDA DO LACTATO SANGUÍNEO A DIFERENTES PROTOCOLOS DE TREINAMENTO COM PESOS

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Leandro Oliveira da Cruz Siqueira

Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento em circuito é um modelo de treinamento resistido que permite uma variada combinação de sobrecarga e, por isso, requer mais informações para que se compreenda a demanda glicolítica anaeróbia durante sua execução. Objetivo: O objetivo foi comparar dois protocolos de treinamento com pesos, com (Tconv e sem (Tcirc pausa entre as execuções, quanto à resposta do lactato sanguíneo ([la]. Métodos: Onze homens (21,0 ± 2,3 anos; 76,7 ± 5,4 kg, 179,5 ± 7,0 cm foram submetidos ao teste de repetição máxima. O Tcirc e o Tconv foram prescritos a 60%1RM, 12 repetições, sendo três passagens com pausa de 300 s para Tcirc e três séries de cada exercício com 180 s de pausa para o Tconv. Os exercícios que compuseram ambos os protocolos de treinamento foram: supino reto, cadeira extensora unilateral, peck-deck, mesa flexora, pulley alto, leg press 45º, remada horizontal e panturrilha no hack. O teste de ANOVA (Bonferroni post hoc comparou o [la] no 1º, 3º e 5º minuto após as passagens no Tcirc e após cada série no Tconv. O teste t independente comparou as médias do pico de lactato entre Tcirc e Tconv. Em todas as análises adotou-se p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: Foram observadas diferenças para o [la] entre a 1ª (10,6 ± 1,0 mmol/l e a 2ª passagem (13,5 ± 1,8 mmol/l, P = 0,01 e entre a 1ª e a 3ª passagem (15,0 ± 2,5 mmol/l, P < 0,01 no Tcirc. Durante Tconv, os maiores valores médios de [la] foram observadas nos exercícios pulley alto (11,2 ± 2,2 mmol/l e leg press 45º (11,9 ± 2,6 mmol/l. Houve diferença (P < 0,01 ao comparar o pico de [la] após Tconv (12,8 ± 2,2 mmol/l e Tcirc (15,9 ± 2,0 mmol/l. Conclusão: O Tcirc demanda maior resposta glicolítica, enfatizando sua efetividade no aumento da capacidade anaeróbia muscular. Além disso, a execução não intermitente do Tcirc pode explicar sua maior demanda glicolítica, uma vez que Tconv e Tcirc foram proporcionalmente delineados

TRANSFERÊNCIA DE POLÍTICA: DO PROTOCOLO DE CARTAGENA À POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE BIOSSEGURANÇA

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Ana Lucia Malheiros Guedes

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O processo de globalização das últimas décadas evidenciou que as atividades estatais no âmbito internacional são desagregadas em favor de uma estrutura de relações entre diferentes atores que operam em um contexto global. Destacamos dentro deste contexto de globalização, aspectos relevantes de governança global, mais especificamente, a transferência de política, na qual a formulação de políticas públicas é influenciada por experiências de contextos políticos distintos. Dada a carência de estudos no Brasil voltados para este tema, este ensaio está focado em um dos instrumentos de governança - a transferência de política. A análise de um modelo de transferência por meio de pesquisa documental demonstra como o Protocolo de Cartagena influenciou a formulação e a implementação da Política Nacional de Biossegurança (PNB brasileira (com base na Lei nº 11.105 no que se refere aos alimentos transgênicos no período de 2000-2009. Os resultados analíticos revelam que houve um processo de transferência de política do Protocolo de Cartagena à PNB, no formato de aprendizado (ou lesson drawing.

Estudio del comportamiento de una red Ad-Hoc MANET metropolitana basado en los protocolos de enrutamiento

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Mario Garzón

2011-11-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se determina el comportamiento de una red de área metropolitana bajo el estándar IEEE 802.16 tanto para nodos fijos como móviles, utilizando NCTUns, considerando el comportamiento de los protocolos de enrutamiento. Mostrando en los resultados las velocidades de transmisión que se pueden obtener en redes Mesh y la distancia máxima a la cual pueden encontrarse los nodos y la estación radio base.

Mercados eficientes e arbitragem: um estudo sob o enfoque das finanças comportamentais

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Tarcísio Saraiva Rabelo Junior

2004-04-01

Full Text Available A Hipótese dos Mercados Eficientes (HME tem se mostrado uma das mais influentes teorias no campo das finanças, sendo base para inúmeros modelos de precificação de ativos, com aplicações que vão desde modelos tradicionais utilizados em Finanças Corporativas até avançadas teorias utilizadas na identificação do preço "justo" de derivativos financeiros. Um dos pilares da HME é a possibilidade da arbitragem como mecanismo de correção de possíveis desvios que o mercado possa sofrer de sua forma eficiente.Pela teoria clássica dos mercados eficientes, mesmo em um ambiente caracterizado pela presença de alguns investidores não totalmente racionais, a possibilidade de arbitragem anularia o efeito destes nos preços dos ativos negociados, trazendo-os de volta ao seu valor fundamental. Um campo relativamente novo e de crescente importância das finanças, denominado Finanças Comportamentais, tem mostrado, entretanto, que nos mercados reais a possibilidade de arbitragem é, muitas vezes, custosa e não passível de realização, comprometendo sua utilização como ferramenta reguladora do mercado e, até mesmo, a definição clássica de sua eficiência, que é a de refletir corretamente nos preços as informações existentes sobre os ativos financeiros. Este trabalho aborda a importância da arbitragem para a HME, discutindo seus aspectos teóricos. Posteriormente, são levantados, através de uma abordagem derivada das Finanças Comportamentais, os principais problemas existentes quanto à sua efetiva utilização nos mercados reais e as conseqüências destes para a HME.The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH has revealed to be one of the most influential theories in finance and constitutes the basis for countless asset pricing models. Its applications range from traditional Corporate Finance models to advanced theories, used to identify the just price of financial derivatives. One of the EMH pillars is the possibility of arbitration

Using cytogenetic analysis RAPD in determination of genetic variations among four species of ornamental fishes of family: Poecilidae (Order: Cyprinodontiform

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Abu-Almaaty A.H.

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The karyological and molecular analysis of four fresh water fish species of Family: Poecilidae and their genetic relationships have been studied. Xiphophorus maculates and Xiphophorus hellerii have the same diploid chromosome number 2n=48, but they were different in their karyotypes. Poecilia sphenops and Poecilia reticulata have the same diploid chromosome number 2n=46 and the same fundamental number FN=46, also the same karyotype one group of acrocentric chromosomes. Nine RAPD primers, showed monomorphic bands, were used for the construction of the dendrogram and a similarity matrix. A total of 65 bands were obtained; 39 of them were monomorphic bands. Similarity values among the studied samples ranged from 21% to 38%. High similarity value was obtained between Xiphophorus maculates and Xiphophorus hellerii. (38% and the low similarity values were obtained between Xiphophorus hellerii and Poecilia reticulata (21%. The cluster analysis clearly differentiated Xiphophorus maculates and Xiphophorus hellerii from Poecilia sphenops and Poecilia reticulata. RAPD analysis confirmed that the four species under study are genetically different from each other. These cytogenetic data obtained can be applied for further studies in cytotaxonomy and evolutionary relationships of fishes.

Inheritance of rapeseed (Brassica napus)-specific RAPD markers and a transgene in the cross B.juncea x (B.juncea x B.napus)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frello, S.; Hansen, K.R.; Jensen, J.

1995-01-01

, with B. juncea as the female parent, was successful both in controlled crosses and spontaneously in the field. The controlled backcrossing of selected hybrids to B. juncea, again with B. juncea as the female parent, also resulted in many seeds. The BC1 plants contained from 0 to 20 of the rapeseed RAPD...

Análisis de la variación genética en clones de caucho (Hevea brasiliensis de Asia, Suramérica y Centroamérica usando marcadores RAPD Analysis of genetic variation in clones of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis from Asían, South and Central American origin using RAPDs markers

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Lobo Arias Mario

2006-12-01

Full Text Available El caucho natural (Hevea brasiliensis representa a especies potenciales para reforestación y programas de explo­tación comercial en ciudades tropicales como Colombia. La variabilidad genética de una colección de caucho que se encuentra en la Estación experimental de Paraguaycito en Buenavista, departamento del Quindio en Colom­bia fue estudiada para aumentar el conocimiento en cuanto a las especies y realizar un mejor uso de los árboles disponibles. Un total de 25 clones, seis de Sur América, 17 de Asia y 2 de América Central fueron seleccionados y analizados usando RAPDs. Las muestras aisladas de ADN de los árboles fueron con 102 primers, 23 de los cuales mostraron polimorfismos. Aunque se encontró un alto grado de similaridad, los análisis grupales de datos llevaron a diferenciar los árboles de de caucho en términos de su origen geográfico. Por lo tanto, las relaciones genéticas que se encontraron entre los clones podrían ayudar a seleccionar parentales para uso en programas de reproducción y diseño de estrategias para la conservación de los clones que tengan características agronómicas deseables. Palabras clave: identificación de cultivos, distancia genética, diversidad genética, Hevea brasiliensis, marcadores RAPD.Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis represents a potential species for reforestation and commercial exploitation programmes in tropical countries such as Colombia. The genetic variability of a rubber collection kept at the Paraguaicito Experimental Station in Buenavista in the Quindio department of Colombia was studied to improve knowledge regarding this species and make better use of the trees available. A total of 25 clones, six from South-America, 17 from Asia and two from Central-América were selected and analysed using RAPDs. DNA samples isolated from the trees were screened with 102 primers, 23 of which revealed polymorphism. Although a high degree of similarity was found, clustering analysis of the data led

Comparative analysis of DNA polymorphisms and phylogenetic relationships among Syzygium cumini Skeels based on phenotypic characters and RAPD technique.

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Jitendra P; Singh, Ak; Bajpai, Anju; Ahmad, Iffat Zareen

2014-01-01

The Indian black berry (Syzygium cumini Skeels) has a great nutraceutical and medicinal properties. As in other fruit crops, the fruit characteristics are important attributes for differentiation were also determined for different accessions of S. cumini. The fruit weight, length, breadth, length: breadth ratio, pulp weight, pulp content, seed weight and pulp: seed ratio significantly varied in different accessions. Molecular characterization was carried out using PCR based RAPD technique. Out of 80 RAPD primers, only 18 primers produced stable polymorphisms that were used to examine the phylogenetic relationship. A sum of 207 loci were generated out of which 201 loci found polymorphic. The average genetic dissimilarity was 97 per cent among jamun accessions. The phylogenetic relationship was also determined by principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) that explained 46.95 per cent cumulative variance. The two-dimensional PCoA analysis showed grouping of the different accessions that were plotted into four sub-plots, representing clustering of accessions. The UPGMA (r = 0.967) and NJ (r = 0.987) dendrogram constructed based on the dissimilarity matrix revealed a good degree of fit with the cophenetic correlation value. The dendrogram grouped the accessions into three main clusters according to their eco-geographical regions which given useful insight into their phylogenetic relationships.

Transmission trials, ITS2-PCR and RAPD-PCR show identity of Toxocara canis isolates from red fox and dog.

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Epe, C; Meuwissen, M; Stoye, M; Schnieder, T

1999-07-01

Toxocara canis isolates from dog and from red fox were compared in transmission trials and with molecular analysis using RAPD-PCR technique and comparison of the ITS2 sequence. After oral infection of bitches with 20,000 embryonated T. canis eggs of vulpine and canine origin, the vertical transmission to pup's was examined. All animals of both groups developed typical clinical symptoms of toxocarosis. The haematological, serological, parasitological and post mortem results showed no differences between both isolates except for the infectivity of T. canis stages in mice where the fox isolate showed a significant higher infectivity than the dog isolate. The RAPD-PCR showed a similarity coefficient of 0.95, similar to the range of intraspecific variation in Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina specimens as outgroups. The ITS2 comparison showed a 100% identity between both isolates with no intraspecific variations. Therefore, the study shows that the fox and the dog isolate of T. canis were identical in infectivity, transmission and molecular structure; a host adaptation could not be found and the fox has to be seen as a reservoir for T. canis infections in dogs. Considering the increasing number of foxes in urban areas the importance of helminth control in dogs is stressed.

Implantología post-extracción inmediata: protocolo operativo y evaluaciones oclusales, periodontales y estéticas Inmediately post-extractive implantology: surgical protocol, oclusal, periodontal and aesthetic evaluations

OpenAIRE

GL Caccianiga; D Calzavara; A Baldini; RM Baldoni; A Bascones

2003-01-01

OBJETIVO DEL TRABAJO: Evaluar la eficacia clínica del protocolo quirúrgico relativo a la colocación inmediata del tornillo en el alveolo post-extrativo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Han sido evaluados, según los criterios de Albrekston y Buser 45 implantes colocados con la técnica post-extractiva, a los 6 meses y a los 3 años tras la colocación del implante. RESULTADOS: El protocolo aplicado se ha demostrado válido, los porcentajes de éxito han sido parecidos con aquellos de la técnica tradicional, co...

Validación de un protocolo para la medición de la velocidad de golpeo en fútbol

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Silvia Sedano Campo

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Se considera que el radar es un buen instrumento de medida, aunque sus aplicaciones en actividad física y deporte son escasas. El presente estudio trata de validar un protocolo de medición basado en el radar comparándolo con un criterio de referencia utilizado habitualmente (fotogrametría, en este caso aplicado a la velocidad en el golpeo en fútbol. Para ello, cuatro jugadores de fútbol experimentados participaron de forma voluntaria en el estudio, realizando un total de 100 golpeos de balón. La velocidad de los mismos fue medida a través del radar Stalker PRO® y el protocolo de medición fue validado mediante un sistema de fotogrametría con el software Kinescan/IBV® 2001. Para cuantificar la relación entre los dos métodos de medición empleados se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (Rxy = 0,998; p<0,05. En consecuencia, se observa una asociación significativa y directamente proporcional entre ambos métodos de medición.

Protocolo del manejo y selección del donante cardíaco

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José Elizalde

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El trasplante cardíaco es una terapia aceptada en grupos de pacientes afectos de insuficiencia cardíaca terminal. El envejecimiento progresivo de los donantes y la reducción del número de traumatismos craneoencefálicos mortales obliga a una valoración exhaustiva en cada caso. La ecocardiografía es, hoy en día, una exploración obligada en la valoración del donante. La Organización Nacional de Trasplantes ha elaborado un protocolo de manejo del donante torácico para optimizar su aprovechamiento. Se revisan los criterios de selección del donante cardíaco insistiendo en las contraindicaciones, en el despistaje de enfermedad coronaria y el mantenimiento durante el proceso de selección.

Protocolo estandarizado para el seguimiento poblacional del pavón, Oreophasis derbianus: propuesta de métodos de campo y analíticos

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Fernando González-García

2017-04-01

Full Text Available La estimación robusta del tamaño poblacional de especies de fauna silvestre es un requisito fundamental en estudios ecológicos y en el diseño e implementación de estrategias de conservación. Sin embargo, en varios casos, estas estimaciones carecen de exactitud, precisión, representatividad y comparabilidad. Esto ha ocasionado que la información generada para las poblaciones de una determinada especie sea difícilmente generalizable y que su aplicación sea limitada. Éste es el caso del pavón, Oreophasis derbianus, un ave endémica de Mesoamérica y en peligro de extinción. En este trabajo presentamos una propuesta de protocolo de muestreo en campo y métodos analíticos estandarizados para el estudio poblacional de esta especie. La propuesta está basada en nuestra experiencia en el estudio de la especie y en la aplicación de la teoría del muestreo de distancias. El propósito de este protocolo estandarizado es generar datos de campo de calidad para obtener estimaciones robustas de la abundancia poblacional de O. derbianus. Este protocolo lo desarrollamos y evaluamos principalmente en la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo, en Chia­pas, México, pero también fue replicado en otras tres localidades en México y Guatemala. Su desarrollo y evaluación incluyó muestreos mensuales en campo durante casi diez años y la impartición de talleres de capacitación teórico-prácticos a personal de campo para la adecuada implementación de este protocolo. Como resultado de esta experiencia, definimos una serie de li­neamientos básicos y factibles que proponemos sea un estándar como métodos de muestreo y analíticos de las poblaciones de O. derbianus para asegurar la calidad y comparabilidad de los datos generados en campo. Finalmente, presentamos estimaciones de la densidad poblacional de O. derbianus en las cuatro localidades estudiadas y discutimos el significado de su variación espacial y temporal en el contexto de esta propuesta.

Toxigenic diversity of two different RAPD groups of Stachybotrys chartarum isolates analyzed by potential for trichothecene production and for boar sperm cell motility inhibition

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Peltola, J.; Niessen, L.; Nielsen, Kristian Fog

2002-01-01

. Unweighted pair group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis of RAPID fragments clustered the 31 S. chartarum isolates in two distinct groups designated as RAPD groups 1 and 2. The grouping of S. chartarum isolates obtained by UPGMA cluster analysis of RAPID fragments was identical...

Clinical benefits after the implementation of a multimodal perioperative protocol in elderly patients Benefícios clínicos após a implementação de um protocolo multimodal perioperatório em paciente idosos

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José Eduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento

2010-06-01

Full Text Available CONTEXT: Multimodal protocol of perioperative care may enhance recovery after surgery. Based on evidence these new routines of perioperative care changed conventional prescriptions in surgery. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of a multimodal protocol (ACERTO protocol in elderly patients. METHODS: Non-randomized historical cohort study was performed at the surgical ward of a tertiary university hospital. One hundred seventeen patients aged 60 and older were submitted to elective abdominal operations under either conventional (n = 42; conventional group, January 2004-June 2005 or a fast-track perioperative protocol named ACERTO (n = 75; ACERTO group, July 2005-December 2007. Main endpoints were preoperative fasting time, postoperative day of re-feeding, volume of intravenous fluids, length of hospital stay and morbidity. RESULTS: The implantation of the ACERTO protocol was followed by a decrease in both preoperative fasting (15 [8-20] vs 4 [2-20] hours, PCONTEXTO: Protocolos multimodais de cuidados perioperatórios podem acelerar a recuperação pós-operatória. Fundamentadas na medicina baseada em evidência, essas novas rotinas mudam as prescrições convencionais em cirurgia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados de um protocolo multimodal (protocolo ACERTO em pacientes idosos. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte histórica não aleatório realizado na enfermaria de cirurgia de um hospital universitário terciário. Cento e dezessete pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos foram submetidos a operações abdominais eletivas sob um protocolo convencional (n = 42; grupo convencional, janeiro 2004-junho 2005 ou um protocolo multimodal denominado ACERTO (n = 75; grupo ACERTO, julho 2005-dezembro 2007. As principais variáveis de resultado foram: tempo de jejum pré-operatório, tempo de realimentação pós-operatória, volume de fluidos intravenosos, tempo de internação e morbidade. RESULTADOS: A implantação do protocolo ACERTO foi acompanhada de

Use of RAPD marker for identification of DNA polymorphism in gamma rays treated Jatropha Curcas L

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dhakshanamoorthy, Dharman; Selvaraj, Radhakrishnan

2010-01-01

The aim of this study is to examine the discriminatory power of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker in Jatropha curcas, and to determine the effect of various dose exposures (0, 5, 10, f, 20 and 25 Kr) of gamma rays on J. curcas, at molecular level. All the ten random primers used produced reproducible polymorphic bands. PCR products of mutant genome revealed a total of 40 bands, out of which 27 were polymorphic. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values were ranged from 0.00 to 0.40 and the highest PIC value of 0.40 was observed in primer OPU-13 followed by primers OPAL-II and OPT-18 (0.30) while no PIC value were reported in primers OPH-18 and OPM-13. Jaccard's coefficient of similarity varied from 0.476 to 0.723, indicative of high level of genetic variation among the mutants studied. UPGMA cluster analysis indicated three distinct clusters, one comprising control while the second included four mutants viz., 10, 15, 25 and 20 Kr. The mutant 5 Kr remained distinct and formed third cluster indicating its higher genetic diversity from the rest of the mutants and control. The primer OPU-13 produced maximum number of bands (8) showed highest discriminatory power and PIC (0.40) by showing maximum number of polymorphic bands (5) when compared to other primers used. The study reveals that RAPD molecular markers can be used to assess polymorphism among the mutants and can be a useful tool to supplement the distinctness, uniformity and stability analysis for plant varietal identification and protection. (author)

Estimation of the genetic diversity in tetraploid alfalfa populations based on RAPD markers for breeding purposes.

Science.gov (United States)

Nagl, Nevena; Taski-Ajdukovic, Ksenija; Barac, Goran; Baburski, Aleksandar; Seccareccia, Ivana; Milic, Dragan; Katic, Slobodan

2011-01-01

Alfalfa is an autotetraploid, allogamous and heterozygous forage legume, whose varieties are synthetic populations. Due to the complex nature of the species, information about genetic diversity of germplasm used in any alfalfa breeding program is most beneficial. The genetic diversity of five alfalfa varieties, involved in progeny tests at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, was characterized based on RAPD markers. A total of 60 primers were screened, out of which 17 were selected for the analysis of genetic diversity. A total of 156 polymorphic bands were generated, with 10.6 bands per primer. Number and percentage of polymorphic loci, effective number of alleles, expected heterozygosity and Shannon's information index were used to estimate genetic variation. Variety Zuzana had the highest values for all tested parameters, exhibiting the highest level of variation, whereas variety RSI 20 exhibited the lowest. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 88.39% of the total genetic variation was attributed to intra-varietal variance. The cluster analysis for individual samples and varieties revealed differences in their population structures: variety Zuzana showed a very high level of genetic variation, Banat and Ghareh were divided in subpopulations, while Pecy and RSI 20 were relatively uniform. Ways of exploiting the investigated germplasm in the breeding programs are suggested in this paper, depending on their population structure and diversity. The RAPD analysis shows potential to be applied in analysis of parental populations in semi-hybrid alfalfa breeding program in both, development of new homogenous germplasm, and identification of promising, complementary germplasm.

Estimation of the Genetic Diversity in Tetraploid Alfalfa Populations Based on RAPD Markers for Breeding Purposes

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Slobodan Katic

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Alfalfa is an autotetraploid, allogamous and heterozygous forage legume, whose varieties are synthetic populations. Due to the complex nature of the species, information about genetic diversity of germplasm used in any alfalfa breeding program is most beneficial. The genetic diversity of five alfalfa varieties, involved in progeny tests at Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, was characterized based on RAPD markers. A total of 60 primers were screened, out of which 17 were selected for the analysis of genetic diversity. A total of 156 polymorphic bands were generated, with 10.6 bands per primer. Number and percentage of polymorphic loci, effective number of alleles, expected heterozygosity and Shannon’s information index were used to estimate genetic variation. Variety Zuzana had the highest values for all tested parameters, exhibiting the highest level of variation, whereas variety RSI 20 exhibited the lowest. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA showed that 88.39% of the total genetic variation was attributed to intra-varietal variance. The cluster analysis for individual samples and varieties revealed differences in their population structures: variety Zuzana showed a very high level of genetic variation, Banat and Ghareh were divided in subpopulations, while Pecy and RSI 20 were relatively uniform. Ways of exploiting the investigated germplasm in the breeding programs are suggested in this paper, depending on their population structure and diversity. The RAPD analysis shows potential to be applied in analysis of parental populations in semi-hybrid alfalfa breeding program in both, development of new homogenous germplasm, and identification of promising, complementary germplasm.

Use of RAPD marker for identification of DNA polymorphism in gamma rays treated Jatropha Curcas L

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dhakshanamoorthy, Dharman; Selvaraj, Radhakrishnan [Department of Botany, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar (India)

2010-07-15

The aim of this study is to examine the discriminatory power of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker in Jatropha curcas, and to determine the effect of various dose exposures (0, 5, 10, f, 20 and 25 Kr) of gamma rays on J. curcas, at molecular level. All the ten random primers used produced reproducible polymorphic bands. PCR products of mutant genome revealed a total of 40 bands, out of which 27 were polymorphic. Polymorphism information content (PIC) values were ranged from 0.00 to 0.40 and the highest PIC value of 0.40 was observed in primer OPU-13 followed by primers OPAL-II and OPT-18 (0.30) while no PIC value were reported in primers OPH-18 and OPM-13. Jaccard's coefficient of similarity varied from 0.476 to 0.723, indicative of high level of genetic variation among the mutants studied. UPGMA cluster analysis indicated three distinct clusters, one comprising control while the second included four mutants viz., 10, 15, 25 and 20 Kr. The mutant 5 Kr remained distinct and formed third cluster indicating its higher genetic diversity from the rest of the mutants and control. The primer OPU-13 produced maximum number of bands (8) showed highest discriminatory power and PIC (0.40) by showing maximum number of polymorphic bands (5) when compared to other primers used. The study reveals that RAPD molecular markers can be used to assess polymorphism among the mutants and can be a useful tool to supplement the distinctness, uniformity and stability analysis for plant varietal identification and protection. (author)

The Evolution of Vicia ramuliflora (Fabaceae) at Tetraploid and Diploid Levels Revealed with FISH and RAPD

Science.gov (United States)

Han, Ying; Liu, Yuan; Wang, Haoyou; Liu, Xiangjun

2017-01-01

Vicia ramuliflora L. is a widely distributed species in Eurasia with high economic value. For past 200 years, it has evolved a tetraploid cytotype and new subspecies at the diploid level. Based on taxonomy, cytogeography and other lines of evidence, previous studies have provided valuable information about the evolution of V. ramuliflora ploidy level, but due to the limited resolution of traditional methods, important questions remain. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) were used to analyze the evolution of V. ramuliflora at the diploid and tetraploid levels. Our aim was to reveal the genomic constitution and parents of the tetraploid V. ramuliflora and the relationships among diploid V. ramuliflora populations. Our study showed that the tetraploid cytotype of V. ramuliflora at Changbai Mountains (M) has identical 18S and 5S rDNA distribution patterns with the diploid Hengdaohezi population (B) and the diploid Dailing population (H). However, UPGMA clustering, Neighbor-Joining clustering and principal coordinates analysis based on RAPD showed that the tetraploid cytotype (M) has more close relationships with Qianshan diploid population T. Based on our results and the fact that interspecific hybridization among Vicia species is very difficult, we think that the tetraploid V. ramuliflora is an autotetraploid and its genomic origin still needs further study. In addition, our study also found that Qianshan diploid population (T) had evolved distinct new traits compared with other diploid populations, which hints that V. ramuliflora evolved further at diploid level. We suggest that diploid population T be re-classified as a new subspecies. PMID:28135314

RAPD markers and black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold intraspecies taxonomy - Evidence from the study of nine populations

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Zlatko Liber

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Although intraspecies researches within the black pine (Pinus nigra Arnold have a long tradition, the intraspecies taxonomy, classification and chorology are still unclear. Among the numerous reasons that have caused this situation the most important are: the absence of a study that would completely cover the whole range of this species, the impossibility of connection of results of the existing detailed studies of certain areas, and the high variability of traits which have been used so far. Since the characteristics of the molecular systematic techniques could make possible the research free of the mentioned shortages, the intention of this study was to determine the relationships among nine populations of black pine using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD. The obtained results were compared to the recent results of the morphological and anatomical analysis of the leaves of the same populations. The RAPD results clearly divided the Croatian populations from populations of Austria (subsp. nigra and Turkey (subsp. pallasiana, while among Croatian populations, as in previous study, the existence of several groups (subsp. illyrica, subsp. dalmatica and transitional population between them was noticed. It is assumed that the optimisations conducted in this study will finally make possible estimating the relationships on the level of the whole range of the black pine and the classification based on molecular traits that are probably less dependent on environmental influences than it has been the case with the characteristics mostly used so far.

ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DEL DESEMPEÑO DEL PROTOCOLO IP Y EL PROFIBUS DE TIPO PA, CON BASE EN EL DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN SISTEMA DE COMUNICACIÓN ENTRE ELLOS MEDIANTE UNA APLICACIÓN GENERAL USANDO SISTEMAS PROGRAMABLES DE DESARROLLO

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Rodolfo Romero

2012-05-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación de interconexión entre los protocolos Profibus e IPv4, pretendiendo implementar un bus de campo tipo PA sin seguridad intrínseca y que sea monitoreado desde Internet mediante un servicio web llamado ThingSpeak,  el cual sirve como base para la elaboración del estudio concerniente a los protocolos enunciados al inicio, apreciando las limitaciones de los sistemas industriales y sus tendencias hacia el futuro, donde llegarán a fusionarse con el protocolo Ethernet, dando origen a nueva generación de la estandarización de buses de campo.

Utilização do Eazi-Breed CIDR, novo e reutilizado, em protocolos longos e curtos para sincronização do estro e da ovulação em ovelhas

OpenAIRE

Espedito Vieira do Nascimento Filho

2009-01-01

Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar a utilização do Eazi-Breed CIDR novo e reutilizado em protocolos longos e curtos na sincronização do estro e da ovulação em ovelhas. No primeiro estudo avaliou-se o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas em programa de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo com protocolo curto (cinco dias) e longo (doze dias) de progesterona na sincronização do estro e da ovulação. Foram utilizadas 48 ovelhas distribuídas aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimenta...

Protocolo para la vigilancia de la salud del profesorado con atención a la enfermedad profesional

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Antonio Ranchal Sánchez

Full Text Available El docente es uno de los principales sectores laborales cuantitativa y cualitativamente, siendo esencial un nivel óptimo de salud laboral para realizar adecuadamente su tarea. Desde la entrada en vigor del Real Decreto 1299/2006, los "Nódulos de las cuerdas vocales a causa de los esfuerzos sostenidos de la voz por motivos profesionales" constituyen una enfermedad profesional en el profesorado, cuestión novedosa para este colectivo. El objetivo de este trabajo es la propuesta de un protocolo para la vigilancia de la salud del profesorado. Cuestión que surge tras realizar un estudio epidemiológico para conocer la forma de enfermar del profesorado de secundaria, a partir de una muestra representativa, considerando variables de salud laboral. Analizamos la patología más frecuente que aparece en la población encuestada, entre la que figura los trastornos de la voz, incluidos los nódulos de las cuerdas vocales. La importancia de diagnosticar esta enfermedad obliga a tenerla en cuenta en los reconocimientos médicos para la Vigilancia de la Salud realizados en el profesorado. De ahí que propongamos un protocolo para facilitar el examen de salud específico, así como una secuencia de actuación ante su posible diagnóstico.

Evaluation of some garlic (Allium Sativum L.) mutants resistant to white rot disease by RAPD analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nabulsi, I.; Al-Safadi, B.; Mir ali, N.; Arabi, M.I.E.

2002-01-01

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to evaluate genetic diversity among eight garlic mutants resistant to white rot disease (Sclerotium cepivorum) and two controls. Twelve of 13 synthetic random primers were found to identify polymorphism in amplification products. Mutants characterised with moderate resistance to white rot were closely related to the control using cluster and correlation analyses. On the other hand, highly resistant mutants were quite distant from the control with low correlation coefficients. The banding patterns produced by primer OPB-15 (GGAAGGGTGTT) with highly resistant mutants may be used as genetic markers for early selection of resistant plants. (author)

Genetic variability of Pantaneiro horse using RAPD-PCR markers Variabilidade genética do cavalo Pantaneiro utilizando marcadores RAPD-PCR

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Andréa Alves do Egito

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Blood samples were collected from Pantaneiro Horses in five regions of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso States. Arabian, Mangalarga Marchador and Thoroughbred were also included to estimate genetic distances and the existing variability among and within these breeds by RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA - Polymerase Chain Reaction molecular markers. From 146 primers, 13 were chosen for amplification and 44 polymorphic bands were generated. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA indicated that the greatest portion of detected variability was due to differences between individuals within populations (75.47%. Analysis of the genetic variability between pairs of populations presented higher estimates for the five Pantaneiro populations with the Arabian breed, while lowest estimates were presented by pairs formed among the Pantaneiro populations with the Mangalarga Marchador. Highest genic diversity was shown by the Pantaneiro (0.3396, which also showed highest genetic distance with the Arabian and lowest with Mangalarga Marchador breed. UPGMA dendrogram showed distinct differences between naturalized (Pantaneiro and Mangalarga Marchador and exotic (Arabian and Thoroughbred breeds. In the dendrogram generated by UPGMA method, the similarity matrix generated by the Jaccard coefficient showed distinction between the naturalised breeds, Pantaneiro and Mangalarga Marchador, and the exotic breeds, Árab and English Thoroughbred. Results suggest that the Pantaneiro presents a higher genetic variability than the other studied breeds and has a close relationship with the Mangalarga Marchador.Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de cavalos Pantaneiros de cinco regiões dos estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e Mato Grosso. As raças Mangalarga Marchador, Árabe e Puro-Sangue Inglês (PSI usando marcadores moleculares RAPD-PCR (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA - Polymerase Chain Reaction foram incluídas no intuito de se calcular as distâncias gen

Protocolo de avaliação do frênulo da língua em bebês

OpenAIRE

Martinelli,Roberta Lopes de Castro; Marchesan,Irene Queiroz; Rodrigues,Antonio de Castro; Berretin-Felix,Giédre

2012-01-01

OBJETIVO: apresentar uma proposta de protocolo de avaliação do frênulo da língua em bebês com escores. MÉTODO: inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão da literatura relacionada, consultando as bases de dados Web of Science, Pubmed, Embase, All Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews e Scielo, bem como livros textos das áreas de anatomia, odontopediatria e fonoaudiologia. Todos os aspectos julgados relevantes nos trabalhos encontrados foram incluídos na versão inicial, que foi submetida à avaliação de ...

Genetic structure of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum populations estimated by RAPD Estrutura genética de populações de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum estimada por RAPD

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Eduardo Alano Vieira

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Annual ryegrass is a temperate climate annual foraging grass, grown mostly in the South of Brazil, especially in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Despite its importance, little is known about its genetic diversity, both within and among the populations cultivated. This knowledge is of fundamental importance for developing breeding and conservation strategies. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic diversity and structure of four populations of annual ryegrass. Three of the populations were located in Rio Grande do Sul and the fourth in Uruguay. RAPD markers were used to study the genetic diversity and structure of these populations. Analysis of 375 individuals sampled from the populations, using six RAPD primers, generated a total of 82 amplified bands. They included 73 polymorphic bands (89,02%. The value of the total genetic diversity index obtained, (0,71 was high, indicating the presence of wide genetic diversity in the four populations. Genetic structure analysis revealed that 98% of total diversity is intrapopulational, whereas interpopulational genetic diversity was only 2%. These results suggest that before these populations separated, they had gone through a period of gene exchange and, even after the separation event, gene frequency stayed at levels similar to the original levels, with no differential selection for these genes in the different cultivation areas.O azevém anual é a gramínea anual forrageira de clima temperado de maior utilização no sul do Brasil, particularmente no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Apesar de toda a importância que a espécie apresenta, pouco se conhece a respeito da diversidade genética presente entre e dentro das populações cultivadas. Este conhecimento é de fundamental importância para o estabelecimento das estratégias de melhoramento genético e de conservação destes materiais. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a diversidade genética e a estrutura genética de quatro

Reflexiones sobre el Real Decreto español 171/2007, de 9 de febrero, por el que se regula la publicidad de los protocolos familiares en las sociedades familiares

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María Angustias Díaz Gómez

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El objeto de este trabajo es analizar el Protocolo Familiar, estudiando su concepto, naturaleza jurídica y eficacia, su contenido, publicidad y desarrollo. El protocolo familiar es un instrumento jurídico que pretende organizar la relación entre la familia y la empresa, separando ambas realidades y, especialmente, trata de planificar adecuadamente la sucesión de la empresa familiar. Se trata de reflexionar sobre el Real Decreto español 171/2007, de 9 de febrero, por el que se regula la publicidad de los protocolos familiares en las Sociedades Familiares.The object of this work is to analyze the Family Protocol, studying his concept, juridical nature and effectiveness, his content, advertising and development. The family protocol is a legal instrument that, intends to organize the interaction between a family and their family-owned business, separating both realities and, specially, it tries to plan adequately the succession of the family business. It is a question of thinking about the Spanish Royal decree 171/2007, of February 9rd, by which there is regulated the advertising of the family protocols in the Familiar Companies.

Divergência genética entre cultivares de gérbera utilizando marcadores RAPD Genetic divergence among cultivars of gerbera using RAPD markers

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Rodrigo Kelson Silva Rezende

2009-11-01

Full Text Available No processo de produção comercial de mudas de gérbera, a cor da flor é uma das principais características morfológicas de interesse agronômico, sendo uma característica importante em programas de melhoramento genético. A utilização de marcadores moleculares pode servir para direcionar cruzamentos, confirmar novos híbridos ou genótipos mutantes e identificar novos genótipos para fins comerciais. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a divergência genética entre seis cultivares de Gerbera jamesonii ('Jaguar Yellow', 'Jaguar Cream', 'Jaguar Lemon', 'Jaguar Salmon Pastel', 'Jaguar Red', 'Jaguar Deep Rose'. A análise de divergência genética entre as cultivares de gérbera foi realizada utilizando-se 21 primers, os quais amplificaram 37 fragmentos polimórficos de DNA, que foram usados para estimar o coeficiente de Jaccard, o qual apresentou uma média de 0,38, variando de 0,28 a 0,56. A estrutura genética entre as cultivares foi estimada pelo UPGMA, revelando dois grupos distintos, a 38% de similaridade genética. A maior similaridade genética encontrada (56% foi entre as cultivares 'Jaguar Yellow' e 'Jaguar Lemon'. Os resultados demonstram que a técnica RAPD oferece uma maneira rápida, relativamente barata e útil para a caracterização da divergência genética entre as diferentes cultivares de Gerbera jamesonii com relação à cor da flor.During the commercial production of gerbera seedlings, flower color is one of the main morphological aspects that have an agronomic interest and becoming an important feature in genetic breeding programs. The use of molecular markers may serve to direct crossings, new hybrids and mutants, besides confirm and identify new genotypes for commercial purposes. In that context, this work aimed to analyze the genetic divergence among six cultivars of Gerbera jamesonii ('Jaguar Yellow', 'Jaguar Cream', 'Jaguar Lemon', 'Jaguar Salmon Pastel', 'Jaguar Red', 'Jaguar Deep Rose'. The

Eficiencia de las salidas frontal y lateral para la prueba de pista 300 metros CRI, patinaje de velocidad sobre ruedas

OpenAIRE

Bohórquez-Páez, Daniel A.A.; Rojas-Ruíz, Francisco J.; Giménez-Fuentes-Guerra, Francisco J.

2016-01-01

Se valoró, con los elementos que éste contiene -análisis y evaluación-, Biomecánicamente, con el protocolo empleado por Bohórquez, D. et al., (2014), desde el plano sagital izquierdo, la Salida Frontal (SF) y la Salida Lateral (SL) en pruebas de velocidad de pista Contra el Reloj Individual (CRI), de once (11) Patinadores de Velocidad Sobre Ruedas (VSR), empleando el Software SIMI°Twinner Pro y el software SPSS (versión 19); lo que permitió determinar que la SL es más eficiente que la SF para...

Divergência genética em tomate estimada por marcadores RAPD em comparação com descritores multicategóricos Genetic divergence among tomato accessions using RAPD markers and its comparison with multicategoric descriptors

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Leandro SA Gonçalves

2008-09-01

Full Text Available A estimativa da variabilidade genética existente em um banco de germoplasma é importante não só para a conservação dos recursos genéticos, mas também para aplicações no melhoramento de plantas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a divergência genética entre 78 acessos de uma coleção de germoplasma de tomateiro, com base em 74 marcadores RAPD e correlacionar esses resultados àqueles da caracterização morfoagronômica realizada para 27 descritores. Foi utilizado o agrupamento hierárquico UPGMA para analisar os dados, observando-se a formação de 13 grupos. Esses grupos foram correlacionados a cinco descritores (hábito de crescimento, tipo de folha, cor do fruto, número de lóculos e formato do fruto. Alguns grupos apresentaram peculiaridades, a exemplo do grupo IV, que reuniu acessos com frutos no formato de pêra; o grupo VII com acessos resistentes a murcha-bacteriana e o grupo IX, que englobou acessos com folhas do tipo batata. As análises por bootstrap revelaram poucos agrupamentos consistentes. Houve correlação positiva e altamente significativa entre as matrizes geradas pelos 27 descritores qualitativos e pelos marcadores RAPD (t = 14,02. A correlação de Mantel (r = 0,39 foi altamente significativa, porém de baixa magnitude. O baixo valor verificado para esta correlação sugere que ambas as etapas de caracterização (morfoagronômica e molecular são importantes para um conhecimento mais amplo e melhor discriminação entre os acessos de tomate.The estimation of genetic variability in a germplasm bank is important not only for the conservation of the genetic resources, but also for applications in plant breeding. The genetic divergence among 78 tomato accessions was studied, based on 74 RAPD markers. Also, a correlation between the molecular profile and 27 morphological and agronomic data was performed. Cluster analysis (UPGMA, used to study the data, resulted in 13 groups that were correlated with

La definición de usos del suelo en las cercanías de fallas geológicas: explicación del Protocolo Técnico del Decreto Ejecutivo 32967 - MINAE, Anexo 3

OpenAIRE

Allan Astorga-Gätgens

2013-01-01

Se realiza una explicación técnica sobre el Protocolo Técnico publicado como Decreto Ejecutivo (32967 - MINAE, Anexo 3). El Protocolo se refiere a la definición de los usos del suelo en las cercanías de fallas geológicas inactivas, activas y potencialmente activas. Aparte de aclarar la nomenclatura técnica, se explica el procedimiento que debe seguir el profesional en geología para establecer las eventuales zonas de seguridad que deben respetarse al momento de definir los usos del suelo, en p...

Diversity analysis of Bemisia tabaci biotypes: RAPD, PCR-RFLP and sequencing of the ITS1 rDNA region

OpenAIRE

Rabello, Aline R.; Queiroz, Paulo R.; Simões, Kenya C.C.; Hiragi, Cássia O.; Lima, Luzia H.C.; Oliveira, Maria Regina V.; Mehta, Angela

2008-01-01

The Bemisia tabaci complex is formed by approximately 41 biotypes, two of which (B and BR) occur in Brazil. In this work we aimed at obtaining genetic markers to assess the genetic diversity of the different biotypes. In order to do that we analyzed Bemisia tabaci biotypes B, BR, Q and Cassava using molecular techniques including RAPD, PCR-RFLP and sequencing of the ITS1 rDNA region. The analyses revealed a high similarity between the individuals of the B and Q biotypes, which could be distin...

Assessment of diversity among populations of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. Ex. Kurtz. from Southern Western Ghats of India, based on chemical profiling, horticultural traits and RAPD analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Nair, Vadakkemuriyil Divya; Raj, Rajan Pillai Dinesh; Panneerselvam, Rajaram; Gopi, Ragupathi

2014-01-01

Genetic, morphological and chemical variations of ten natural populations of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. Ex. Kurtz. from Southern Western Ghats of India were assessed using RAPD markers reserpine content and morphological traits. An estimate of genetic diversity and differentiation between genotypes of breeding germplasm is of key importance for its improvement. Populations were collected from different geographical regions. Data obtained through three different methods were compared and the correlation among them was estimated. Statistical analysis showed significant differences for all horticultural characteristics among the accessions suggesting that selection for relevant characteristics could be possible. Variation in the content of Reserpine ranges from 0.192 g/100 g (population from Tusharagiri) to 1.312 g/100 g (population from Aryankavu). A high diversity within population and high genetic differentiation among them based on RAPDs were revealed caused both by habitat fragmentation of the low size of most populations and the low level of gene flow among them. The UPGMA dendrogram and PCA analysis based on reserpine content yielded higher separation among populations indicated specific adaptation of populations into clusters each of them including populations closed to their geographical origin. Genetic, chemical and morphological data were correlated based on Mantel test. Given the high differentiation among populations conservation strategies should take into account genetic diversity and chemical variation levels in relation to bioclimatic and geographic location of populations. Our results also indicate that RAPD approach along with horticultural analysis seemed to be best suited for assessing with high accuracy the genetic relationships among distinct R. serpentina accessions. © 2013.

Identification and characterization of RAPD-SCAR markers linked to glyphosate-susceptible and -resistant biotypes of Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.

Science.gov (United States)

Cha, Thye San; Anne-Marie, Kaben; Chuah, Tse Seng

2014-02-01

Eleusine indica is one of the most common weed species found in agricultural land worldwide. Although herbicide-glyphosate provides good control of the weed, its frequent uses has led to abundant reported cases of resistance. Hence, the development of genetic markers for quick detection of glyphosate-resistance in E. indica population is imperative for the control and management of the weed. In this study, a total of 14 specific random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified and two of the markers, namely S4R727 and S26R6976 were further sequence characterized. Sequence alignment revealed that marker S4R727 showing a 12-bp nucleotides deletion in resistant biotypes, while marker S26R6976 contained a 167-bp nucleotides insertion in the resistant biotypes. Based on these sequence differences, three pairs of new sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers were developed. The specificity of these primer pairs were further validated with genomic DNA extracted from ten individual plants of one glyphosate-susceptible and five glyphosate-resistant (R2, R4, R6, R8 and R11) populations. The resulting RAPD-SCAR markers provided the basis for assessing genetic diversity between glyphosate-susceptible and -resistant E. indica biotypes, as well for the identification of genetic locus link to glyphosate-resistance event in the species.

Assessment of genetic diversity on a sample of cocoa accessions resistant to witches' broom disease based on RAPD and pedigree data Avaliação da diversidade genética em uma amostra de acessos de cacau resistentes à doença vassoura-de-bruxa, com base em dados de RAPD e pedigree

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Ronaldo Carvalho dos Santos

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L. has been assessed based on morphological and molecular markers for germplasm management and breeding purposes. Pedigree data is available in cocoa but it has not been used for assessing genetic relatedness. The geneitic diversity of 30 clonal cocoa accessions resistant to witche´ broom disease, from the CEPEC series, were studied on the basis of RAPD data and pedigree information. Twenty of these accessions descend from the TSA-644 clone, originated from a cross between the Upper Amazon germplasm called Scavina-6, the main source of resistance to witches' broom disease, and IMC-67. The ten remaining clones come from different sources including Amazon and Trinitario germplasm. RAPD data was collected using 16 primers and pedigree information was obtained from the International Cocoa Germplasm Database. Genetic similarities, genetic distances and coefficient of parentage were calculated using available software. Relatively low genetic diversity was observed in this germplasm set, probably because of great genetic relatedness amongst accessions studied and the poor representation of the germplasm. The TSA-644 descendants were more diverse than the other accessions used in the study. This might be due to the origin of the TSA clone, which was derived from highly divergent genotypes. Association between genetic similarities based on RAPD data and coefficient of parentage, based on pedigree data, was very low, probably due to the homogeneity of the breeding stocks and poor pedigree information. These findings are useful to cocoa breeders in planning crosses for the development of hybrid and clonal cultivars.A diversidade genética em cacau (Theobroma cacao L., embasada em dados morfológicos e em marcadores moleculares, tem sido avaliada com fins de manejo de germoplasma e uso no melhoramento genético. Dados de genealogia de cacau, embora disponíveis, não têm sido utilizados. Foi analisada a

Anemia en la enfermedad renal crónica: protocolo de estudio, manejo y derivación a Nefrología

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Aleix Cases

2018-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del protocolo es conocer qué estudios deben solicitarse ante una anemia en un paciente con enfermedad renal crónica, el diagnóstico diferencial de la anemia renal, conocer y corregir otras anemias carenciales y los criterios de remisión del paciente anémico con enfermedad renal crónica a Nefrología u otras especialidades.

Changes in Growth, Genomic DNA, Protein Profiles in Wheat Plant Using Physiological and RAPD-PCR Techniques

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Tarras, A.

2002-01-01

Wheat is the major winter cereal crop in the world. The total cultivated area of this crop in Egypt is about two million feddans. Soil salinity represent a serious problem to agriculture in arid and semi-arid in the world. Mexico wheat (Triticum vulgar var. Ycora rojo) was imported in 1999 for cultivation. Mexico wheat was exposed to gamma rays (cobalt 60) from 10 to 80 Krad The unirradiated and irradiated wheat were cultivated in the presence of 0, 5000,10000 and 20000 mg/L of salt solution and 16 hour light /25 degree C. The previous treatment was repeated in combination with 5, 10 mg/l ABA and 10, 20 mg/l GA3 separately. Different accessed parameters were used for evaluation, these parameters were: germination percentage, length of shoots and roots, pigment contents (chl. a,b and a/b carotenoids and total pigments), total protein patterns and RAPD, PCR techniques. The results showed that both of radiation and salinity reduced the percentage of germination. Soaking grains in GA3 considerably increased the shoot and root lengths. Highest value of carotenoids obtained act as a defense mechanism against harmful salinity action. Also, the seedling exposed to 80 Krad and treated with ABA (5 or 10 mg/l) can survive during the experimental period, while plants treated with 10 and 20 mg/l GA3 and exposed to 80 Krad can not survive. At low radiation doses (10 and 20 Krad) there was no difference in the number and density of bands of the total protein patterns, while in the RAPD, PCR technique in presence and/or absence of DNA band in unirradiated and irradiated wheat seeds were observed

INTEGRACIÓN DE APLICACIONES OPEN SOURCE Y PROTOCOLOS DE RED PARA UN SISTEMA DE RECUPERACIÓN AUTOMÁTICO DE SERVIDORES

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Richard Lobo

2015-07-01

Full Text Available En una red coexisten diversos dispositivos de comunicación tales como switch (conmutadores, routers (enrutadores, firewall y los servidores; estos últimos garantizan el funcionamiento de los servicios de una red que son instalados por los administradores de redes, utilizando para ello un elevado número de herramientas y requiriendo un elevado grado de especialización para su correcta configuración. Cuando surge un problema en los servicios, la detección, diagnóstico y posterior solución dependerán de la disponibilidad de los encargados de administrar la red de datos, solución que podría tardar algún tiempo. Si algunos de estos servicios dejan de funcionar, traería como consecuencia la inoperatividad del servicio prestado, provocando el descontento de los usuarios. En el presente artículo, se desarrolla un sistema de recuperación automático de servidores (SIRAS realizando reinstalación remota y desatendida para el mejoramiento de los servicios de la Red de Datos del Rectorado la Universidad de los Andes (ULA Mérida, Venezuela. Para ello, se utilizan varias aplicaciones tales como sistemas de archivos remotos, protocolos de autoconfiguración de red, protocolo de transferencia de archivos, entre otros, que ayudan a optimizar los servicios de las redes en cuestión, sobre la infraestructura ya existente. Los datos se recolectaron directamente del lugar donde ocurren los hechos. Los resultados indican un comportamiento estable tanto para GNU/Linux en la interconexión de las aplicaciones, como para las comunicaciones en red, independientemente del sistema operativo utilizado. Además, el sistema SIRAS permitió mejorar los servicios de la red. Asimismo, se demostró que el hardware que aloja al sistema de recuperación no se vio afectado en su rendimiento al momento de la ejecución simultánea de todas las aplicaciones y protocolos de red que intervinieron en el sistema.

OPTIMIZACIÓN DE UN PROTOCOLO DEL AISLAMIENTO DEL ADN Y DE UN SISTEMA DE AMPLIFICACIÓN ISSR-PCR PARA Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn. (Zamiaceae.

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Nadia Guadalupe Sánchez-Coello

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La mayoría de las cícadas contienen altas concentraciones de aceites esenciales, flavonoides, polifenoles y polisacáridos que interfieren en la extracción de ADN, causando productos de amplificación errados o inhibiendo la PCR. La optimización del aislamiento del ADN y el empleo de iniciadores de secuencias intergénicas repetidas simples (ISSRs se investigaron en Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn., una cícada mexicana en peligro de extinción. El ADN obtenido de tejido foliar fresco, con un amortiguador modificado de cetil trimetil amonio, nos permitió obtener un ADN de buena calidad, sin pigmentos coloridos o contaminantes. La modificación al protocolo de extracción de ADN, basado en CTAB, fue un prelavado por 1 h, del tejido foliar, con una solución de 0.7 M de NaCl, para facilitar la lisis celular. El ADN extraído exitosamente se amplificó por PCR, usando seis iniciadores arbitrarios ISSR. Se observaron productos de amplificación reproducibles en todas las reacciones de PCR. Nuestros resultados muestran que la implementación mejora significativamente la calidad del ADN obtenido, usando una concentración baja de iniciadores (25 pM. Se detectaron 23 bandas fuertes, nueve de las cuales fueron polimórficas. Los resultados indican que el protocolo de optimización del aislamiento del ADN y en el sistema de PCR es viable para futuros trabajos en esta especie. Este trabajo es el primer protocolo de extracción de ADN y de ISSR reportado para esta especie ornamental en peligro de extinción.

Nuevos protocolos y esquemas de seguridad para redes ad-hoc móviles inalámbricas

OpenAIRE

Delgado Mohatar, Óscar

2011-01-01

De los múltiples criterios utilizados para clasificar las redes de comunicaciones, entre los que se incluyen su escala, su método de conexión, la topología que forman o los protocolos que utilizan, en los últimos años ha cobrado especial importancia el medio de transmisión. Cuando el cable tradicional se sustituye por transmisión a través del aire se habla de redes inalámbricas. En este caso la comunicación se lleva a cabo utilizando un medio no guiado, mediante ondas electromagnéticas, y hac...

Utility of RAPD marker for genetic diversity analysis in gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS)-treated Jatropha curcas plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Dhakshanamoorthy, Dharman; Selvaraj, Radhakrishnan; Chidambaram, Alagappan

2015-02-01

The presence of important chemical and physical properties in Jatropha curcas makes it a valuable raw material for numerous industrial applications, including the production of biofuel. Hence, the researcher's interest is diversified to develop more and better varieties with outstanding agronomic characteristics using conventional breeding. Among these, mutation breeding is one of the best approaches to bring genetic changes in plant species. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diversity and genetic relationship among J. curcas mutants, which were obtained from different doses of gamma rays (control, 5 Kr, 10 Kr, 15 Kr, 20 Kr and 25 Kr) and EMS (1%, 2%, 3% and 4%), using RAPD marker. Among the 21 random primers, 20 produced polymorphic bands. The primers, OPM-14 and OPAW-13, produced a minimum number of bands (3) each across the ten mutants, while the primer OPF-13 produced the maximum number of bands (10), followed by the primers OPU-13, OPAM-06, OPAW-09 and OPD-05, which produced 9 bands each. The number of amplicons varied from 3 to 10, with an average of 7 bands, out of which 4.57 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphism ranged from 0.00 to 100 with an average of 57%. In the present study, RAPD markers were found most polymorphic, with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.347, effective multiplex ratio (EMR) of 35.14, marker index (MI) of 14.19, resolution power (Rp) of 11.19, effective marker index (EMI) of 8.21 and genotype index (GI) of 0.36, indicating that random primers are useful in studies of genetic characterization in J. curcas mutant plants. In a dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard's similarity coefficients, the mutants were grouped into three main clusters viz., (a) control, 10 Kr, 15 Kr, 20 Kr, 2% EMS, and 3% EMS, (b) 5 Kr and 1% EMS, and (c) 25 Kr and 4% EMS mutants. Based on the attributes of the random primers and polymorphism studied, it is concluded that RAPD analysis offers a useful molecular marker

Protocolos notariales en la reconstrucción de la semblanza de un grupo de empresarios pioneros en Cali

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Luis Aurelio Ordóñez Burbano

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Partiendo de algunas generalidades sobre el papel de las fuentes en la historia en general y de las fuentes notariales en la historia empresarial, entendida como subespecialización de la historia económica, se proponen unas reflexiones sobre la relación entre los hechos y el discurso histórico y se muestran algunos casos de reconstrucción de la semblanza de los empresarios pioneros en la ciudad de Cali, a partir de los protocolos notariales

Nuestro protocolo en el manejo de la tos crónica.

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Blanca Pilar Galindo Torres

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Introducción y objetivo: La tos se considera el principal mecanismo de defensa frente a agentes infecciosos, cuerpos extraños, factores irritantes o para la movilización de secreciones. Se ha descrito una prevalencia de la tos crónica idiopática en adultos de hasta un 20% de la población general, y su evaluación y manejo supone el 40 % del volumen de la consulta. El objetivo es repasar las herramientas diagnósticas que tenemos a nuestro alcance así como la actitud terapéutica a seguir en estos pacientes, para crear así un protocolo de actuación.Material y Método: Se presenta el nuevo protocolo para la evaluación y manejo de la tos crónica realizado en nuestro hospital.Resultados: La identificación de las causas principales de la tos crónica es imprescindible para su manejo; entre ellas, la toma de IECAs, el tabaquismo, el reflujo gastroesofácio, el asma o la rinosinusitis son desencadentantes que se deben descartar. Para ello, resulta útil la realización de la historia médica y el examen físico, así como la búsqueda de síntomas de alarma. Las pruebas diagnósticas más utilizadas son la radiografía de tórax y la espirometría, pudiendo hacerse un estudio exhaustivo para descartar causas más raras con una TAC de alta resolución de tórax o una broncoscopia. El tratamiento se basa en la resolución de la causa que la esté originando, mientras que en los casos de tos idiopática o tos crónica refractaria podría administrarse un tratamiento neuromodulador con fármacos como la Gabapentina o Pregabalina, la Amitriptilina, la Morfina de liberación retardada o el Baclofeno. La logopedia y fisioterapia respiratoria se consideran terapias complementarias que también pueden ayudar a su resolución.Conclusiones: Es importante prestar atención a posibles factores desencadenantes de la tos, así como a los síntomas de alarma. La logopedia puede ser una alternativa eficaz en tos crónica resistente a los tratamientos médicos.

Factores pronósticos en la hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa : estudio de un protocolo de tratamiento

OpenAIRE

Teresa Galván, Francisco Javier de

2011-01-01

Se analizan los factores pron??sticos de la h.d.a. no varicosa por endoscopia: 1) coagulo negro 2) coagulo rojo 3) vaso visible y 4) sangrado activo como factor de gravedad e indicaci??n de tratamiento quir??rgico precoz. Se logra con esta actitud terap??utico-cl??nica una disminuci??n de la mortalidad estad??sticamente significativa. La comparaci??n se hace entre 291 pacientes h.d.a. de control y 284 pacientes de h.d.a. con el protocolo. La cifra de mortalidad es la mas baja comunicada en la...

Strong genetic differentiation among east Atlantic populations of the sword razor shell ( Ensis siliqua) assessed with mtDNA and RAPD markers

Science.gov (United States)

Arias, Alberto; Fernández-Moreno, Mercedes; Fernández-Tajes, Juan; Gaspar, Miguel B.; Méndez, Josefina

2011-03-01

The sword razor shell Ensis siliqua (Linnaeus, 1758) is a bivalve with a high commercial value being appreciated in fresh and processed markets. However, the genetic studies carried out in populations of E. siliqua are scarce. In this work, the genetic variability and differentiation of the sword razor shell was assessed using PCR-RFLPs of a fragment of the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene and random amplified polymorphic loci (RAPD) in nine localities from Ireland, Spain, and Portugal. In the 314 individuals examined for the mitochondrial fragment, 12 composite haplotypes were observed; meanwhile, a unique phenotype was observed for each of the 242 individuals analyzed with 61 RAPD loci. Two of the mitochondrial composite haplotypes accounted for the majority of individuals (89.81%) and showed a remarkably disjoint distribution between Irish and Iberian samples, with the exception of Aveiro which exhibited as the most frequent haplotype the same found in Ireland. The level of variability observed for each sample was generally correlated with both types of markers and the results obtained suggest the existence of a strong population differentiation between Irish and Iberian localities, except for the Portuguese sample from Aveiro which is surprisingly closer to Irish individuals, although it is probably highly differentiated.

Governança global e transferência de política: influências do Protocolo de Cartagena na Política Nacional de Biossegurança

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Yuna Fontoura

2013-02-01

Full Text Available No contexto de governança global, analisamos o tema da transferência de política, no qual a formulação de políticas públicas é influenciada por experiências de contextos políticos diferentes. Neste sentido, questionamos de que forma o Protocolo de Cartagena influenciou a formulação da Política Nacional de Biossegurança (PNB. A pesquisa empírica foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com respondentes qualificados, que atuaram direta ou indiretamente na formulação da PNB. No tratamento dos dados adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio da utilização da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que houve transferência de política no formato de aprendizado (ou lesson drawing do Protocolo de Cartagena à PNB.

Diversidade genética de isolados de Mycosphaerella musicola obtidos de bananais do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil por meio de marcadores RAPD Genetic diversity of Mycosphaerella musicola isolates obtained from bananas of north of Minas Gerais, Brazil by using RAPD markers

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Janaína Ribeiro Oliveira

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Onze primers RAPD foram utilizados para avaliar a variabilidade genética de 31 isolados de M. musicola coletados a partir de folhas de bananeiras 'Prata Anã' e 'Nanica', cultivadas no Norte de Minas Gerais. Foram amplificados um total de 83 bandas sendo 73 polimórficas, dando uma média de 6,6 bandas polimórficas por primer. As distâncias genéticas observadas variaram de 0,56 a 0,06 entre os isolados, com distância média de 0,25. O dendrograma construído com base no método UPGMA revelou a formação de 8 grupos, não sendo observada correlação entre a diversidade genética dos isolados e as origens geográficas dos isolados avaliados.Eleven primers RAPD were used to estimate the genetic variability between 31 isolates of M. musicola collected from 'PrataAnã' and Nanica bananas that were cultivated in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total o 83 fragments were amplified, of which 73 were polymorphic, corresponding to an average of 6.6 polymorphic fragments per primer. The genetic distances ranged from 0.06 to 0.56 and the average distance of 0.21. A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method revealed 8 and no correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin was observed.

LA GESTIÓN POR PROCESOS: UN ENFOQUE DE GESTIÓN EFICIENTE

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Miguel Ángel Mallar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Cada vez más se observan los esfuerzos orientados a adecuar las organizaciones al complejo escenario en que se mueven. Cambios de reglas de juego, incremento de la competencia, apertura al mundo a través de la tecnología, hacen al cliente mucho más exigente, modificando sus demandas y necesidades.La Gestión basada en los Procesos, surge como un enfoque que centra la atención sobre las actividades de la organización, para optimizarlas.En este trabajo se considerará a la organización como una red de procesos interrelacionados o interconectados, donde la estructura organizativa vertical clásica, eficiente a nivel de funciones, se orienta hacia una concepción horizontal, desplazándose el centro de interés desde las estructuras hacia los procesos, como metodología para mejorar el rendimiento, concentrándose en el diseño disciplinado y cuidadosa ejecución de todos los procesos de una organización.Concluyendo, la metodología de aplicación de la Gestión basada en Procesos se trata de una herramienta de gestión adecuada para el momento actual, constituyéndose con fuerza como una alternativa exitosa para la obtención de resultados cada vez mejores.

Sistema de control de acceso e interbloqueo para el Centro de Inmunología Molecular

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Marcel Pedreira Marcel

2013-10-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se muestra el diseño y desarrollo de un sistema de control de acceso e interbloqueo en el Centro de Inmunología Molecular debido a que los sistemas comerciales de este tipo instalados en dicho centro no cumplen todas las necesidades. El sistema propuesto consta de dos tarjetas electrónicas: el controlador de puertas y el controlador de interbloqueo, ambas fueron desarrolladas a base de microcontrolador PIC de Microchip programados usando el compilador PCW de CCS. Estas tarjetas son capaces de comunicarse con dispositivos de lectura de código de barras, proximidad, biométricos o cualquier otro que transmita por protocolo Wiegand. Además deben ser configuradas para que operen de manera deseada, para ello fue desarrollada una aplicación software de parametrización utilizando Qt como framework, e implementando prácticas eficientes de ingeniería de software. Esta aplicación se comunica con los controladores vía RS232 con protocolo Modbus.

Identification of RAPD and SCAR markers associated with yield traits in the Indian tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta drury

Science.gov (United States)

Dutta, Suhrid R.; Kar, Prasanta K.; Srivastava, Ashok K.; Sinha, Manoj K.; Shankar, Jai; Ghosh, Ananta K.

2012-01-01

The tropical tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta, is a semi-domesticated vanya silk-producing insect of high economic importance. To date, no molecular marker associated with cocoon and shell weights has been identified in this species. In this report, we identified a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker and examined its inheritance, and also developed a stable diagnostic sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Silkworms were divided into groups with high (HCSW) and low (LCSW) cocoon and shell weights, and the F2 progeny of a cross between these two groups were obtained. DNA from these silkworms was screened by PCR using 34 random primers and the resulting RAPD fragments were used for cluster analysis and discriminant function analysis (DFA). The clustering pattern in a UPGMA-based dendogram and DFA clearly distinguished the HCSW and LCSW groups. Multiple regression analysis identified five markers associated with cocoon and shell weights. The marker OPW16905 bp showed the most significant association with cocoon and shell weights, and its inheritance was confirmed in F2 progeny. Cloning and sequencing of this 905 bp fragment showed 88% identity between its 134 nucleotides and the Bmc-1/Yamato-like retroposon of A. mylitta. This marker was further converted into a diagnostic SCAR marker (SCOPW 16826 bp). The SCAR marker developed here may be useful in identifying the right parental stock of tasar silk-worms for high cocoon and shell weights in breeding programs designed to enhance the productivity of tasar silk. PMID:23271934

Micropropagation and assessment of genetic fidelity of Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) nees using RAPD and ISSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Goyal, Arvind Kumar; Pradhan, Sushen; Basistha, Bharat Chandra; Sen, Arnab

2015-08-01

Dendrocalamus strictus popularly known as 'Male bamboo' is a multipurpose bamboo which is extensively utilized in pharmaceutical, paper, agricultural and other industrial implements. In this study, in vitro regeneration of D. strictus through nodal culture has been attempted. Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 4 mg/l BAP was found to be most effective in shoot regeneration with 3.68 ± 0.37 shoots per explant. The effect of Kn was found to be moderate. These hormones also had considerable effect on the shoot length. The highest shoot length after 6 weeks (3.11 ± 0.41 cm) was noted with 5 mg/l BAP followed by 3.07 ± 0.28 cm with 5 mg/l Kn, while decrease in the shoot length was noted with other treatments. The effect of IBA and NAA individually or in combination at different concentrations on rooting was evaluated. The highest number of root (1.36 ± 0.04) was regenerated on full-strength MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/l NAA, while maximum length of 1.64 ± 0.03 cm of roots was recorded with combination of 1 mg/l IBA and 3 mg/l NAA. Tissue-cultured plants thus obtained were successfully transferred to the soil. The clonal fidelity among the in vitro-regenerated plantlets was assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. The ten RAPD decamers produced 58 amplicons, while nine ISSR primers generated a total of 66 bands. All the bands generated were monomorphic. These results confirmed the clonal fidelity of the tissue culture-raised D. strictus plantlets and corroborated the fact that nodal culture is perhaps the safest mode for multiplication of true to type plants.

Genética poblacional de cobayas de Colombia, Cavia spp. (Rodentia: Caviidae con marcadores moleculares RAPD

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Héctor Aníbal Campos

2008-09-01

Full Text Available En el presente estudio, mostramos los primeros resultados moleculares de formas colombianas de Cavia. Claramente, la población silvestre de C. anolaimae fue genéticamente diferenciada de la forma doméstica, C. porcellus, tal como ha sido demostrado por otros autores utilizando resultados morfométricos, osteológicos y cariotípicos. Ambas especies mostraron un considerable nivel de diversidad genética, aunque el segundo taxon mostró niveles mayores de esta diversidad. Los niveles de heterogeneidad genética también fueron mayores entre las poblaciones de C. porcellus (F ST = 0.254 que entre las poblaciones de C. anolaimae (F ST = 0.118. Esos niveles significativos de heterogeneidad genética, y los consiguientes bajos niveles de flujo génico, fueron discutidos comparativamente con los resultados por otros autores analizando otros marcadores moleculares (citocromo-b mitocondrial. Los resultados aquí mostrados son coherentes con un complejo proceso de domesticación en Cavia porcellus.Population genetics of Colombian Guinea Pigs, Cavia spp. (Rodentia: Caviidae with RAPD molecular markers. The genus Cavia occurs in South America, mainly in grasslands.. We collected blood samples from 97 individuals in six field populations and analyzed them with RAPD molecular markers. One wild type (C. anolaimae was differentiated from the domestic form (C. porcellus, in agreement with other authors who used morphological, osteological and karyotipic results. Genetic diversity was considerable in both species, but higher in C. porcellus. The levels of genetic heterogeneity were also higher among the populations of C. porcellus (F ST = 0.254 than among the populations of C. anolaimae (F ST = 0.118. These significant levels of genetic heterogeneity, and the low levels of gene flow, were consistent with a complex domestication process for Cavia porcellus. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (3: 1481-1501. Epub 2008 September 30.

Antecedentes de la aplicación del Protocolo a la Convención contra la tortura: el monitoreo de los lugares de detención y la prevención de la tortura en Uruguay

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Álvaro Garcé García y Santos

2014-07-01

Full Text Available La ratificación del Protocolo Facultativo a la Convención contra la Tortura representa para nuestro país un compromiso ético y jurídico de dar prioridad a la prevención del maltrato de todas las personas privadas de libertad, alojadas en cárceles o en otros lugares de detención, a consecuencia de una decisión judicial o en virtud de un mandato administrativo.La principal obligación que emerge de dicho Protocolo consiste en establecer un Mecanismo Nacional de Prevención, técnica y económicamente independiente, encargado del monitoreo sistemático de los establecimientos de reclusión.La reciente creación de la Institución Nacional de Derechos Humanos, más el mandato legal que ésta posee de coordinar sus funciones con el preexistente Comisionado Parlamentario, abre, por fin, la posibilidad cierta de cumplir los compromisos emanados del Protocolo.Al mismo tiempo, la original solución nacional, inédita en la región, supone una serie de complejidades jurídicas que son abordadas en este trabajo.La cooperación iniciada entre las dos instituciones estatales involucradas en el tema, además de evitar una inútil superposición de funciones genera un promisorio escenario para la prevención de la tortura en Uruguay.

Fenologia, cultivo in vitro e aclimatização da bromélia ameaçada de extinção Nidularium minutum Mez

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Flávia Maria Kazue Kurita

2013-12-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2014v27n1p59   O conhecimento da fenologia de uma espécie indica o período mais favorável à coleta de sementes maduras, que podem ser utilizadas na produção de mudas por meio de métodos eficientes como o cultivo in vitro. Essa técnica tem sido considerada uma estratégia para a propagação de espécies ameaçadas de extinção, como é o caso da bromélia Nidularium minutum Mez. Este artigo teve por objetivo identificar a época de frutificação e de produção de sementes de exemplares in situ de N. minutum e estabelecer um protocolo de cultivo in vitro a partir de sementes. A fenologia da espécie foi acompanhada por 12 meses em plantas na Estação Biológica do Alto da Serra, em Paranapiacaba-SP. Os resultados mostraram que o melhor período para a colheita das sementes foi de junho a agosto de 2008. O processo germinativo ocorreu em todas as temperaturas testadas, tendo sido mais eficiente aos 26ºC, não sendo necessários sais minerais. As melhores condições para o crescimento das plantas ocorreram com a mesma temperatura, em meio Murashige e Skoog (MS contendo metade da concentração dos macronutrientes. Por meio desse protocolo, é possível conservar as plantas in vitro e otimizar sua produção para o uso em programas de repovoamento.

Comparison between Oligoryzomys nigripes and O. flavescens by RAPD and genetic diversity in O. nigripes (Rodentia, Cricetidae

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AJ Mossi

Full Text Available The genus of Oligoryzomys includes species of small size, morphologically similar, which may impede taxonomic identification, mainly between O. flavescens (Waterhouse, 1837 and O. nigripes (Olfers, 1818. The main objective of this work was to investigate whether the RAPD markers are capable of genetically differentiating the specimens O. nigripes and O. flavescens, coming from Rio Grande do Sul (RS and Santa Catarina (SC states, and also to estimate the genetic variability among populations of O. nigripes, with the Uruguay River as a geographical barrier. For this purpose, samples were collected in fragments of forests situated in the North of RS, at FLONA (Floresta Nacional de Passo Fundo and in fragments from SC, close to the Uruguay River. The karyotyping of two samples for each species was carried out and compared using the RAPD technique together with non- karyotyped individuals. Samples of O. nigripes presented 2n = 62; NA = 82, with submetacentric arms on the largest chromosomes, while samples of O. flavescens showed 2n = 64; NA = 66, with the largest chromosomes presenting acrocentric morphology, making such a result the main difference between the species. The analysis was able to detect two distinct groups, being the first one with karyotyped O. flavescens and the second with karyotyped O. nigripes. Identification afforded 211 loci, among them 181 (85.78% polymorphic. The Jaccard similarity coefficient was in the range of 0.45 to 0.87. The UPGMA and Main Coordinate Analysis techniques demonstrated the existence of heterogeneous genetics among populations, but did not separate them completely in terms of geographical standards, and they are not influenced by the Uruguay River, which did not act as an efficient barrier.

Evaluación de un protocolo para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los trastornos inflamatorios temporomandibulares

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Marcos Ros Santana

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Los trastornos inflamatorios de la articulación temporomandibular se caracterizan por un dolor profundo y continuo en el área articular, que se acentúa generalmente a la función y puede llegar a producir efectos de excitación central secundarios. Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental en 29 pacientes mayores de 15 años con trastornos inflamatorios temporomandibulares, en la Clínica de Especialidades Estomatológicas de Bayamo, provincia Granma, desde enero a julio de 2014, con el propósito de evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de un protocolo para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de los trastornos inflamatorios temporomandibulares. Se evaluaron algunas variables de interés, tales como: intensidad del dolor, presencia de dolor articular espontáneo, a la palpación, durante los movimientos, así como dolor muscular asociado y restricción al movimiento de apertura. A los datos obtenidos se les realizó análisis estadístico. A los tres meses de evolución hubo un incremento estadísticamente significativo (p<0,05 del número de pacientes sin dolor y una reducción del número de pacientes con restricción al movimiento de apertura bucal. El protocolo de tratamiento resultó efectivo, pues se logró reducir el dolor e incrementar el rango de apertura bucal en más del 70 % de los pacientes tratados

Protocolo IPv6 com pilha dupla em um campus universitário

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Fernando Barreto

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Com o esgotamento do endereçamento IPv4 sendo uma realidade, a adoção do IPv6 se torna cada vez mais necessária. Os protocolos IPv4 e IPv6 são incompatíveis e têm questões de operação diferentes, o que torna a implementação do IPv6 relativamente difícil para administradores de rede IPv4. Com o objetivo de reduzir essa dificuldade, este artigo apresenta uma comparação entre IPv4 e IPv6 com foco no dia a dia de administração de rede de campus. Esse artigo também apresenta as soluções, experiências e lições adquiridas de uma implementação de sucesso do IPv6, utilizando a técnica de Pilha Dupla em um pequeno campus universitário.

[The genetic diversity and homology of Anabaena azollae and its host plant (Azolla) based on rapd analysis].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Jian; Zheng, Wei-wen; Xu, Guo-zhong; Song, Tie-ying; Tang, Long-fei

2002-01-01

Symbiotic Anabeana azollae and its host plant Anabeana-free Azolla were isolated from 16 Azolla accessions representing different Azolla species or geographic origins.DNA polymorphic fragments were obtained by simultaneous RAPD amplification of both symbiont and host. The UPGMA clusters of Anabeana azollae and its host Azolla were established separately based on Dice coefficient caculation and a coordinated relationship was shown between Anabeana azollae and its Azolla host along both individual genetic divergence,but this genetic homology was reduced among different strains within Azolla species while the obvious mutants of Anabeana azollae were detected in some Azolla tested strains collected from different geographic area in the same host species.

RAPD, RFLP, T-RFLP, AFLP, RISA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Denman, S.E.; McSweeney, C.S.; Makoto Mitsumori

2005-01-01

focus on the conserved ribosomal regions for phylogenetic diversity studies are those that amplify up random genomic sequences. The two most common methods are random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)

Genetic diversity and relationships between wild and cultivated populations of the sea lettuce, Enteromorpha prolifera, in Korea revialed by RAPD markers

OpenAIRE

Huh, Man; Lee, Hak; Lee, Bok; Choi, Joo

2004-01-01

RAPD analysis was conducted to estimate genetic diversity and population structure of the wild (natural) and cultivated sea lettuce, Enteromorpha prolifera. The objectives of this study were to estimate the levels of genetic diversity in the wild and cultivated populations and to describe how the genetic variation of this species is distributed within and among its populations. In wild sea lettuce, 93.2% of loci at the species level showed polymorphism. The cultivated populations were found t...

Protocolo de atención odontológica en niños con Epidermólisis Ampollar

OpenAIRE

Gabriela Scagnet

2013-01-01

La atención odontológica de los niños con Epidermólisis ampollar (EA) o bullosa (EB) son un inmenso desafío para la práctica odontológica ya que se trata de un grupo de trastornos hereditarios que manifiestan aparición de ampollas en piel y mucosas al roce o suave trauma. Presentan múltiples manifestaciones orofaciales que requieren de un protocolo de atención interdisciplinaria específico que comprenda un alto componente preventivo. Se describirán los principales ítems del mismo y las posibi...

A Influência de um protocolo de coordenação motora no estado depressivo e estado cognitivo

OpenAIRE

Costa, Cândida; Pinheira, Vítor; Rodrigues, Abel

2014-01-01

Introdução: São conhecidos os efeitos positivos do exercício terapêutico no estado depressivo e estado cognitivo do idoso. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar e comparar os efeitos de um protocolo de coordenação motora, com a duração de 8 semanas, duas vezes por semana, 50 minutos cada sessão, no estado depressivo e estado cognitivo. Metodologia: 30 idosos (81,43 ±8,97 anos), 66,7% mulheres, clinicamente estáveis e capazes de realizar marcha, numa amostra por conveniência...

Protocolo para la producción de plantas dihaploides de trigo duro mediante cruzamientos con maíz

OpenAIRE

García Llamas, Carmen

2011-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido desarrollar un protocolo para producir plantas dihaploides de trigo duro, mediante cruzamientos con maíz, que permita acortar la duración de los programas de mejora de esta especie. Entre las variantes de este método se ha elegido el cultivo de tallos cortados, porque permite controlar las condiciones ambientales durante el desarrollo de los embriones y abaratar los costes de aplicación de las hormonas. Se han abordado y mejorado tres aspectos de esta técni...

Protocolo de atención a niños y adolescentes con cardiopatía congénita en odontopediatría. Revision bibliográfica

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Juan Manuel de Jesús Cortes de la Torre

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Las cardiopatías congénitas son las malformaciones más habituales en el desarrollo de los niños los cuales, además, son susceptibles a desarrollar infecciones sistémicas microbianas secundarias a infecciones locales polimicrobianas como consecuencia de procedimientos dentales invasivos o toman fármacos, por ejemplo anti-coagulantes, antiarrítmicos, u otros, que pueden interferir con el manejo odontológico. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo de manejo odontológico que permita detectar las cardiopatías congénitas o ya identificadas tener un abordaje dental que disminuya el riesgo de sepsis o endocarditis para el paciente pediátrico. Método. Revisión de la literatura a través de artículos indexados en Cochrane, Medline, Lilacs, EMBASE, Amedeo y SciELO, enfatizando los últimos cinco años, en los idiomas: francés, italiano, portugués, inglés y español. Resultados. Se presenta un protocolo odonde abordaje odontológico que disminuya los factores de riesgo ante la presencia de cardiopatías congénitas. Conclusión. Ya que existe una au-sencia de información sobre la relación de las cardiopatías congénitas y la odontología infantil, por ello la importancia de contar con un protocolo para el tratamiento de pacientes pediátricos mejorando su atención, pronóstico, calidad de vida y disminuyendo los factores de riesgo ante procedimientos dentales invasivos.

Avaliação de sete protocolos para obtenção de plasma rico em plaquetas na espécie equina Evaluation of seven platelet-rich plasma processing protocols in the equine species

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Roberta Carneiro da Fontoura Pereira

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a capacidade de concentração plaquetária e sua correlação com os níveis do fator de crescimento TGF-B1, a presença de leucócitos e de hemácias nos diferentes protocolos utilizados na obtenção do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP de equinos, através do método manual. Dez equinos, sadios, com idade média de 7 anos (±2,39, pesando em média 500kg (±67,1 foram utilizados neste estudo. Os protocolos testados variaram na velocidade e no tempo nas duas centrifugações. As variáveis analisadas nas amostras de PRP foram: concentração de plaquetas, presença de leucócitos e hemácias, e níveis de TGF-β1 quantificados pelo teste ELISA. Os protocolos testados não diferiram na capacidade de concentração de plaquetas e nos níveis de TGF-β1. Entretanto, houve diferença significava entre o protocolo I e os demais por este apresentar maior número de hemácias e leucócitos nas amostras de PRP, sendo por esse motivo considerado um protocolo inadequado para processamento do volume de sangue utilizado. Os demais protocolos podem ser utilizados para obtenção de PRP terapêutico em equinos.PRP is plasma that contains a high numbers of platelets and growth factors in a small volume. The aim of this study was to evaluate seven different protocols to obtain PRP by the manual method according to their capacity to concentrate platelets, leukocyte and erythrocyte contamination and correlation between platelet count and TGF-β1 growth factor levels in PRP samples. Ten healthy horses with a mean age of 7 years (±2.39, weighing on average 500 kg (±67.1 were used in this study. The protocols tested varied according to the speed and time used at the two centrifugations. PRP samples were analyzed regarding platelet concentration, leukocyte and erythrocyte contamination and TGF-β1 levels quantified by ELISA. No significant differences among protocols were observed regarding the ability to concentrate

Evaluation of genetic variability in micropropagated propagules of ornamental pineapple [Ananas comosus var. bracteatus (Lindley) Coppens and Leal] using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Santos, M D M; Buso, G C S; Torres, A C

2008-10-21

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic variability in micropropagated plantlets of ornamental pineapple, after the fourth period of subculture. The basal culture medium consisted of MS salts, vitamins, 3% sucrose, liquid formulation, supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L. The addition of BAP influenced the occurrence of genetic variation revealed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Of a total of 520 primers tested, 44 were selected and amplified; 402 monomorphic bands (97.2%) and 18 polymorphic bands (2.8%) resulted among regenerated plantlets. The polymorphic fragments were produced by 12 primers (OPA-01, OPA-20, OPB-01, OPB-19, OPC-19, OPF-13, OPL-17, OPM-13, OPP-16, OPT-07, OPV-19, and OPX-03). Among the primers that identified polymorphism, OPA-01, OPA-20, OPB-19, OPC-19, OPL-17, OPP-16, and OPX-3 each showed, one polymorphic band and OPF-13 amplified a maximum of three bands. In this study, the RAPD technique was effective in showing the occurrence of somaclonal variations that occur during the micropropagation process of ornamental pineapple cultivation in BAP-supplemented medium, and it is possible to detect the presence of genetic variation in early stages of plant development.

RAPD markers utilization and other parameters in the determination of mango hybrids genitors Utilização de marcadores RAPD e outros parâmetros na determinação de genitores em híbridos de mangueira

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Maria Cristina Rocha Cordeiro

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Actually mango (Mangifera indica, L. is considered one of the largest Brazilian fruitbusiness for the export market. Cultivar selection having high fruit quality is a fundamental step to obtain excellent results in this business. A mango breeding program based on intervarietal hybridization may produce new improved cultivars for mango growers. Mango hybrids have been obtained by controlled or open crosses. In the last one, it is important to identify the male parent because it is useful for the genetic cultivar history, thus it is important for planning further improvements. This work presents a parentage test using among others parameters RAPD (Random amplified Polymorphic DNA markers to estimate the male parent of the selected hybrids in an open cross plot by using five mango cultivars densely planted in a latin square design.Atualmente, o cultivo da mangueira (Mangifera indica, L. é considerado um dos maiores agronegócios frutícolas brasileiros para o mercado externo. A seleção de cultivares com elevada qualidade de frutos é uma etapa fundamental para o sucesso deste negócio. O melhoramento genético da mangueira, baseado em hibridações intervarietais, pode originar cultivares superiores aos padrões disponíveis no mercado, ofertando uma nova alternativa ao produtor. Híbridos de mangueira têm sido obtidos por meio de cruzamentos controlados ou abertos. Neste último, é importante identificar o genitor masculino visando a obter a história genética da cultivar além de ser importante no planejamento do melhoramento subseqüente. Este trabalho apresenta um teste de paternidade, utilizando, entre outros parâmetros, marcadores RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, para estimar o genitor masculino de híbridos selecionados em uma área de cruzamento aberto contendo cinco cultivares de manga plantadas em alta densidade, no delineamento experimental do quadrado latino.

Optimization of random amplified polymorphic DNA techniques for use in genetic studies of Cuban triatominae Optimización de la técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD para su utilización en la caracterización genética de triatomíneos cubanos

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Jorge Fraga

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD technique is a simple and reliable method to detect DNA polymorphism. Several factors can affect the amplification profiles, thereby causing false bands and non-reproducibility of assay. In this study, we analyzed the effect of changing the concentration of primer, magnesium chloride, template DNA and Taq DNA polymerase with the objective of determining their optimum concentration for the standardization of RAPD technique for genetic studies of Cuban Triatominae. Reproducible amplification patterns were obtained using 5 pmoL of primer, 2.5 mM of MgCl2, 25 ng of template DNA and 2 U of Taq DNA polymerase in 25 µL of the reaction. A panel of five random primers was used to evaluate the genetic variability of T. flavida. Three of these (OPA-1, OPA-2 and OPA-4 generated reproducible and distinguishable fingerprinting patterns of Triatominae. Numerical analysis of 52 RAPD amplified bands generated for all five primers was carried out with unweighted pair group method analysis (UPGMA. Jaccard's Similarity Coefficient data were used to construct a dendrogram. Two groups could be distinguished by RAPD data and these groups coincided with geographic origin, i.e. the populations captured in areas from east and west of Guanahacabibes, Pinar del Río. T. flavida present low interpopulation variability that could result in greater susceptibility to pesticides in control programs. The RAPD protocol and the selected primers are useful for molecular characterization of Cuban Triatominae.La técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD es un método simple para detectar el polimorfismo genético del ADN. Diferentes factores afectan los perfiles de amplificación lo que se manifiesta en la presencia de bandas falsas y en la reproducibilidad del ensayo. En nuestro trabajo analizamos los cambios de la concentración de cebador, ADN molde, cloruro de magnesio y de Taq ADN polimerasa con el objetivo de determinar su

La cooperación, una estrategia eficiente en el origen evolutivo de nuestra especie

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Julia Sandra Bernal Crespo

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo propone la hipótesis de que la cooperación en forma de altruismo recíproco generalizado ejerció un papel esencial en el origen biosocial de nuestra especie. Al igual que en otras especies en que bajo condiciones adversas los individuos que se asociaron de forma permanente e incrementaron su eficacia biológica, en el origen de nuestra especie mamífera, primate y gregaria, los individuos con patrones de comportamiento de inversión parental, selección de parentesco y altruismo recíproco se coseleccionaron e incrementaron su eficacia biológica tanto a nivel individual como grupal. Propongo, además, que de las interacciones cooperativas reiteradas entre todos los individuos que son interdependientes surgió un patrón de organización social igualitario de estructuras simétricas, que resultó eficiente al conjugar los intereses individuales y colectivos, y que se mantuvo en equilibrio dinámico con mecanismos de regulación y control de aquellas conductas que pudieron desestabilizar el orden social.

Comparação de três protocolos de extração de DNA a partir de tecido fixado em formol e incluído em parafina Comparison of three DNA extraction protocols from formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues

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José Veríssimo Fernandes

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Padronizar um método alternativo para extração de DNA a partir de tecido fixado em formol e conservado em arquivos de blocos de parafina, visando à realização de estudos retrospectivos. MÉTODOS: Comparou-se a eficiência de protocolos de extração de DNA a partir de tecido parafinado, para análise por reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR, tomando-se como parâmetro um protocolo baseado em um kit comercial. Foram feitas extrações do DNA de 60 espécimes por três métodos: o protocolo A, baseado no kit GlassMAX; o B, utilizando-se o kit GFX TM; e o C, tendo como base o método de Banerjee et al.(2. A integridade e a suficiência do DNA presente na amostra foram avaliadas pela amplificação por PCR de um segmento de 110pb do gene da beta-globina humana, com visualização por meio de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, corado pela prata. Resultados: Das 60 amostras analisadas, 45 apresentaram resultado positivo na PCR quando o DNA foi extraído por qualquer um dos três protocolos. Em seis amostras, a amplificação foi positiva apenas para o DNA extraído pelos protocolos A e C. Em três amostras, o resultado foi positivo apenas para o DNA extraído pelo protocolo A, e em duas, apenas para o DNA extraído pelo protocolo C. CONCLUSÕES: O protocolo C apresentou desempenho semelhante ao do protocolo A, com as vantagens de apresentar menor custo, dispensar o uso de kit comercial, além de não utilizar solventes orgânicos, revelando-se uma alternativa viável para a obtenção de DNA a partir de tecido fixado em formol e incluído em parafina.OBJECTIVE: To set up a method for DNA extraction from paraffin embedded cervical cancer specimens, previously formalin-fixed, aiming to accomplish retrospective analysis. METHODS: Sixty specimens were submitted to DNA extraction by three different methods. All of them involved digestion of the tissues by proteinase K, followed by DNA purification, based in three different approaches

Propuesta de un protocolo de electro-estimulación para el tratamiento de úlceras por presión grado II y III

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Paola Andrea Quiroga Santamaría

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. El uso de estimulación eléctrica como terapia ayudante para la curación de heridas se remonta al año 1700. No obstante, a pesar de los avances científicos del siglo XX solo se conocen estudios experimentales hacia la década de los 70, cuando se inicia un proceso investigativo con el fin de conocer a mayor profundidad las propiedades eléctricas de la piel y el efecto que tiene la estimulación eléctrica en las reacciones fisiológicas de las células epidérmicas para aumentar y favorecer la curación de heridas. Objetivo. Proponer un protocolo de electro-estimulación para el tratamiento de úlceras por presión grados II y III, con base en la mejor evidencia reportada. Materiales y métodos. Búsqueda de artículos en diferentes bases de datos utilizando los títulos de términos médicos (Medical Subjects Headings MESH, con la utilización de los vocablos “Wound Healing”, “Pressure Ulcer” y el sub encabezado “Electrophysiology” y “Electrical Stimulation”. Resultados. Después de realizar el análisis de la información se presenta la fundamentación de los parámetros que contiene la propuesta del protocolo (tipo de corriente, forma de onda, intensidad, campo eléctrico, frecuencia; se sustenta el cambio de polaridad, ubicación de electrodos y tiempo de tratamiento. Conclusión. Ante la heterogeneidad de parámetros en la aplicación de electro-estimulación en el proceso de cicatrización de úlceras por presión, se propone desde la evidencia, un protocolo de electro-estimulación fundamentado en los procesos biológicos, eléctricos y mecánicos de la piel.

Uso eficiente da água : uma contribuição para o desenvolvimento sustentável da agropecuária

OpenAIRE

Faggion, Francisco; Oliveira, Carlos Alberto da Silva; Christofidis, Demétrios

2009-01-01

Na maioria das áreas agrícolas irrigadas o volume de água utilizado é superior ao realmente necessário para a produção satisfatória de alimentos. A eficiência no uso da água pode auxiliar na resolução dos problemas de escassez, diminuir conflitos entre usuários e aumentar, estabilizar e garantir a produção. Este trabalho mostra possíveis alternativas para o uso eficiente da água na agropecuária baseado em diretrizes desenvolvidas na Europa e Estados Unidos, procurando estabelecer critérios de...

Evaluación de la bioseguridad del protocolo de extracción de ADN para especies del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis implementado en el Instituto Nacional de Salud

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Wellman Ribón

2009-12-01

Conclusión. Se determinó que el protocolo de extracción de ADN descrito por van Soolingen et al. (2002 e implementado en el Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, es seguro para el personal de laboratorio y el medio ambiente.

Contratos bilaterais em mercados de energia elétrica multiagente: protocolo de rede de contratos

OpenAIRE

Fragoso, Frederico Parente

2015-01-01

O setor elétrico tem assistido a mudanças profundas na sua estrutura e organização, devido à sua liberalização, o que levou a uma maior competitividade nos mercados de energia elétrica. Uma gestão eficiente dos mercados de energia torna-se cada vez mais uma prioridade devido aos riscos que estes podem apresentar, aliado à elevada volatilidade dos preços e volumes nos diferentes períodos horários (incertezas na produção e consumo). A liberalização do setor elétrico levou à criação de sim...

Micropropagation and validation of genetic and biochemical fidelity amongst regenerants of Cassia angustifolia Vahl employing RAPD marker and HPLC.

Science.gov (United States)

Chetri, Siva K; Sardar, Pratima Rani; Agrawal, Veena

2014-10-01

In vitro protocol has been established for clonal propagation of Cassia angustifolia Vahl which is an important source of anticancerous bioactive compounds, sennoside A and B. Nodal explants excised from field raised elite plant (showing optimum level of sennoside A and B) of C. angustifolia when reared on Murashige and Skoog's medium augmented with different cytokinins, viz. N(6)-benzyladenine (BA), N(6)-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2iP) and 6-furfuryl aminopurine (Kn) differentiated multiple shoots in their axils. Of the three cytokinins, BA at 5 μM proved optimum for differentiating multiple shoots in 95 % cultures with an average of 9.14 shoots per explant within 8 weeks of culture. Nearly, 95 % of the excised in vitro shoots rooted on half strength MS medium supplemented with 10 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The phenotypically similar micropropagated plants were evaluated for their genetic fidelity employing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Eleven individuals, randomly chosen amongst a population of 120 regenerants were compared with the donor plant. A total of 36 scorable bands, ranging in size from 100 to 1,000 bp were generated amongst them by the RAPD primers. All banding profiles from micropropagated plants were monomorphic and similar to those of mother plant proving their true to the type nature. Besides, high performance liquid chromatography evaluation of the sennoside A and B content amongst leaves of the mature regenerants and the elite mother plant too revealed consistency in their content.

Development of SRAP, SRAP-RGA, RAPD and SCAR markers linked with a Fusarium wilt resistance gene in eggplant.

Science.gov (United States)

Mutlu, Nedim; Boyaci, Filiz Hatice; Göçmen, Münevver; Abak, Kazim

2008-11-01

Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. melongenae) is a vascular disease of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The objectives of this work were (1) to confirm the monogenic inheritance of fusarium wilt resistance in eggplant, (2) to identify molecular markers linked to this resistance, and (3) to develop SCAR markers from most informative markers. We report the tagging of the gene for resistance to fusarium wilt (FOM) in eggplant using SRAP, RGA, SRAP-RGA and RAPD markers. Analysis of segregation data confirmed the monogenic inheritance of resistance. DNA from F(2) and BC(1) populations of eggplant segregating for fusarium wilt resistance was screened with 2,316 primer combinations to detect polymorphism. Three markers were linked within 2.6 cM of the gene. The codominant SRAP marker Me8/Em5 and dominant SRAP-RGA marker Em12/GLPL2 were tightly linked to each other and mapped 1.2 cM from the resistance gene, whereas RAPD marker H12 mapped 2.6 cM from the gene and on the same side as the other two markers. The SRAP marker was converted into two dominant SCAR markers that were confirmed to be linked to the resistance gene in the F(2,) BC(1) and F(2) of BC(3) generations of the same cross. These markers provide a starting point for mapping the eggplant FOM resistance gene in eggplant and for exploring the synteny between solanaceous crops for fusarium wilt resistance genes. The SCAR markers will be useful for identifying fusarium wilt-resistant genotypes in marker-assisted selection breeding programs using segregating progenies of the resistant eggplant progenitor used in this study.

Genetic divergence among Dimorphandra spp. accessions using RAPD markers Divergência genética entre acessos de Dimorphandra spp. usando marcadores RAPD

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Cláudia Pombo Sudré

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The genus Dimorphandra has distinguish relevance considering either medicinal or biodiversity aspects because it includes two species that are economically important flavonoids sources for pharmachemical industry (D. mollis Benth. and D. gardneriana Tul., and species endemic to Brazil, such as D. jorgei Silva and D. wilsonii Rizz., threatened by extinction. In order to evaluate variability among accessions of D. mollis (fava-d'anta, D. gardneriana and D. wilsonii, it was collected fruit from individual plants from three Brazilian states in a total of 57 accessions, which were analyzed with RAPD markers. It was used 20 seeds per progeny; the DNA was extracted from fully-formed young leaves, which were collected in bulk. The data were analyzed using a binary matrix, in which the score one represented presence of a band and zero, absence. The similarity matrix was developed by using the arithmetic complement of the Jaccard index, later grouped based on the Neighbor Joining algorithm. It was found considerable intra and inter specific variability in Dimorphandra spp., which were separated into four groups. Though genetic variability was found, the collecting trips showed that most of these areas are subject to loss of genetic resources of fava-d'anta due to the following factors: continuous anthropic activity, propensity for natural fires, and loss of natural seed dispersers (large fruit-eating mammals. Therefore, protections of these areas and ex situ conservation are essentials for the maintenance of genetic variability of these species.O gênero Dimorphandra tem grande relevância, sobretudo nos aspectos medicinais e de biodiversidade, por incluir duas espécies que são importantes economicamente como fontes de flavonoides para indústria farmacoquímica (D. mollis Benth. e D. gardneriana Tull., e espécies endêmicas do Brasil, como a D. jorgei Silva e D. wilsonii Rizz., sendo esta ameaçada de extinção. Objetivando avaliar a variabilidade

Genetic variation of wild and hatchery populations of the catla Indian major carp (Catla catla Hamilton 1822: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae revealed by RAPD markers

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S.M. Zakiur Rahman

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Genetic variation is a key component for improving a stock through selective breeding programs. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD markers were used to assess genetic variation in three wild population of the catla carp (Catla catla Hamilton 1822 in the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers and one hatchery population in Bangladesh. Five decamer random primers were used to amplify RAPD markers from 30 fish from each population. Thirty of the 55 scorable bands were polymorphic, indicating some degree of genetic variation in all the populations. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values reflected a relatively higher level of genetic variation in the Halda population. Sixteen of the 30 polymorphic loci showed a significant (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001 departure from homogeneity and the F ST values in the different populations indicated some degree of genetic differentiation in the population pairs. Estimated genetic distances between populations were directly correlated with geographical distances. The unweighted pair group method with averages (UPGMA dendrogram showed two clusters, the Halda population forming one cluster and the other populations the second cluster. Genetic variation of C. catla is a useful trait for developing a good management strategy for maintaining genetic quality of the species.

Mutation breeding of banana tube-buds in vitro. Pt. 5: Genomic variation of Zhangjiao No.8 strain detected by RAPD

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guo Jianhui; Cai Enxing; Chen Liping; Huang Xidong; Shen Mingshan; Hong Fuxiang

2003-01-01

Zhangjiao No.8, a new variety induced from irradiation by 60 Co γ-rays, was analyzed by RAPD using 20 random primers against Mus AAA Grand Cavendish. The result showed that 68 bands could be amplified by 12 primers, 53 were homologous, accounted for 77.9%, of total bands; only 22.1% were differential bands, the polymorphism difference up to 24.6% between Zhangjiao No.8 and CK, indicating its stable heredity. Three differential bands from S 10 and S 19 could be used as markers for identification and anti-degeneration of Zhangjiao No.8

Análise da variabilidade genética de Alphitobius diaperinus utilizando marcadores moleculares de DNA - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v8i2.1141

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Paulo Roberto Queiroz Silva

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1797 é uma espécie cosmopolita originária do continente africano encontrada em grande quantidade em cama de frango causando problemas sanitários e econômicos, afetando a saúde e o crescimento das aves e atuando também como transmissor de doenças. Indivíduos A. diaperinus originários de três localidades da região sul do Brasil foram analisados molecularmente por meio da técnica de RAPD. Para isso foi adaptada uma metodologia para extração de DNA e testados os iniciadores decaméricos OPA-03, OPA-04, OPA-10, OPA-11 e OPA-13. O protocolo de extração de DNA que foi adaptado produziu fragmentos de DNA para a análise das populações de cascudinho originárias da região sul do Brasil por RAPD. Foi encontrada alta variabilidade genética entre as populações de cascudinho. Além disso, sugere-se que indivíduos de A. diaperinus ocorrendo no Paraná possam ter se deslocado para os estados de Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul.

Tendencias y cambio del clima del valle del Mantaro mediante los análisis de índices de Precipitación Efectiva y Temperatura Eficiente

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Jacinto Arroyo Aliaga

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: La investigación fue para evaluar los cambios y tendencias del clima del valle del Mantaro en función del análisis de sus índices de temperatura eficiente y precipitación efectiva a partir de los valores totales mensuales de precipitación y valores medios mensuales de temperatura, medidos desde el año 1921 hasta el año 2010, para comparar la tendencia de los movimientos seculares con la teoría del calentamiento climático global. Métodos: Para encontrar las tendencias de las precipitaciones y temperatura, se analizaron los índices de precipitación efectiva y temperatura eficiente; luego se determinó el comportamiento interanual de la precipitación y temperatura con sus rangos de variabilidad máximo y mínimo para determinar el tipo de clima en función del coeficiente de variación; las series permitió encontrar las tendencias cíclicas de corta y larga duración mediante el análisis de índices para evaluar la tendencia general. Resultados: Las tendencias observadas en las series cíclicas de larga duración de los índices de temperatura eficiente y precipitación efectiva muestran un comportamiento inversamente proporcional a su movimiento secular, el aumento de la temperatura genera disminución en las precipitaciones y los movimientos seculares muestran estos cambios para la temperatura en cuarenta años y de ochenta años para la precipitación. Conclusiones: Los cambios y tendencias encontradas para el clima del valle del Mantaro muestran un mayor calentamiento y una disminución de la precipitación en las décadas analizadas, siendo los últimos años de la década del 2000 la fase de inversión; por lo tanto se afianza la teoría del calentamiento climático global.

Protocolo de atención odontológica en niños con Epidermólisis Ampollar

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Gabriela Scagnet

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La atención odontológica de los niños con Epidermólisis ampollar (EA o bullosa (EB son un inmenso desafío para la práctica odontológica ya que se trata de un grupo de trastornos hereditarios que manifiestan aparición de ampollas en piel y mucosas al roce o suave trauma. Presentan múltiples manifestaciones orofaciales que requieren de un protocolo de atención interdisciplinaria específico que comprenda un alto componente preventivo. Se describirán los principales ítems del mismo y las posibilidades de rehabilitación bucal integral personalizada.

Estandarización de un protocolo para la combinación de técnicas neurohistológicas en cortes obtenidos con vibrátomo

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Lukas Tamayo-Orrego

2011-03-01

Conclusiones. Se estandarizó un protocolo para llevar a cabo la tinción LPH y su combinación LPH-Holmes en cortes obtenidos con un vibrátomo. Éste es más corto, menos dispendioso y menos costoso que el original y, además, preserva mejor la integridad del tejido nervioso.

O protocolo agroambiental e sua influência na gestão das agroindústrias e fornecedores de cana-de-açúcar: um estudo na microrregião de Assis-SP

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Edenis Cesar Oliveira

2016-12-01

Full Text Available A agricultura brasileira tem passado por uma crise ambiental sem precedentes. A configuração dessa crise está intrinsicamente associada à irradiação direta e indireta dos efeitos da organização socioeconômica e técnica do espaço rural que se expandiu na agricultura brasileira desde os anos sessenta. Nesse cenário estão as agroindústrias e fornecedores de cana-de-açúcar, atuantes no setor sucroenergético, que apresentam forte expansão, com significativos impactos econômico, social e ambiental. Estudos têm evidenciado que a inserção da dimensão ambiental na gestão corporativa pode trazer ganhos de competitividade para as organizações, além de melhorar sua imagem diante de seus stakeholders. A demanda social por um ambiente mais limpo, aliada ao aumento da regulação ambiental, têm forçado as empresas desse setor a realizar e participar de programas extensivos de prevenção e mitigação dos impactos ambientais. Dessa concepção, surge o Protocolo Agroambiental do Setor Sucroenergético Paulista. A pesquisa aqui apresentada objetivou apurar a percepção dos gestores das agroindústrias e fornecedores situados na Microrregião de Assis-SP sobre a influência do Protocolo Agroambiental no processo de gestão ambiental empresarial. Foram aplicadas dezenove entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gestores ambientais de cada organização signatária. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, com apoio do software Atlas.ti. 7. Os resultados evidenciaram forte influência do Protocolo Agroambiental nos processos de gestão ambiental das organizações, sobretudo com a implementação e execução de ações para atender as diretivas técnicas do Protocolo Agroambiental.

Validation of computed tomography protocols for simulated mandibular lesions: a comparison study Validação de protocolos de tomografia computadorizada para lesões simuladas em mandíbula: estudo comparativo

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Andréia Perrella

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Computed tomography is the choice technique to assess oral and maxillofacial osseous lesions because it provides hard and soft tissues visualization in one examination without superimposition of surrounding structures. This examination offers a significant advance in maxillofacial lesions detection with an excellent anatomic resolution. The aim of this research was to evaluate the validity of two protocols, in axial sections, in simulated mandibular lesions. Two CT protocols were obtained in dry mandibles in which perforations were done simulating lesions. Two observers, previously calibrated, evaluated the images according to different parameters. The results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity in lesion detection were 100% for both protocols, but the detection of loci number of multilocular lesions and the location and detection of medullar invasion obtained reduced validity values, which were influenced by the acquisition protocol. We concluded that thinner axial slices and reconstructions were more effective in detecting early medullar invasion and loci number. Thicker protocols were not considered appropriate to detect multilocular lesions and early stages of medullar invasion.A tomografia Computadorizada é a técnica de escolha no exame de lesões ósseas orais e maxilo-faciais porque proporciona a visualização de tecidos duros e moles em aquisição única e sem sobreposição de estruturas adjacentes. Este exame oferece um avanço significativo na detecção de lesões maxilo-faciais, com excelente resolução anatômica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a validade de dois protocolos, em secções axiais, em lesões simuladas de mandíbula. Dois protocolos de TC foram obtidos em mandíbulas secas em que foram feitas perfurações, simulando lesões. Dois observadores previamente calibrados avaliaram as imagens seguindo parâmetros diversos. Como resultados pudemos observar que a sensibilidade e a especificidade foram

Avaliação da utilização de protocolos na prevenção de úlceras por pressão Evaluation of the use of protocols in the prevention of pressure ulcers

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Rosilene Alves de Almeida

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Introdução: A úlcera por pressão é um problema de saúde que repercute com elevados custos e consequências biopsicossociais sobre os portadores. Para reduzir sua incidência, protocolos de prevenção são utilizados, sendo importante enfatizar o impacto desta estratégia sobre as práticas de saúde e na qualidade de vida do paciente. Objetivo: Este artigo objetiva revisar o impacto da utilização de protocolos de prevenção de úlcera por pressão sobre sua incidência e na assistência. Materiais e Métodos: O estudo é de revisão sistemática fundamentado em publicações disponíveis em meio eletrônico. Foram selecionados 07 trabalhos, do período de 2002 a 2010, encontrados nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, IBECS e Cochrane, utilizando os descritores “úlcera por pressão ou úlcera de pressão ou escara de decúbito e protocolo”. Resultados: Três estudos mostraram redução da incidência de úlcera por pressão de 23 para 5%, 60 para 15%, 43 para 28%, com relato de eficácia do protocolo em 79% dos pacientes. Outros revelaram incidências de 0,2 e 2,77% após aplicação do protocolo. Incidências de 23,5 e 25,8% foram verificadas em unidades intensivas após o uso de protocolos. Ademais, a adoção de protocolos para prevenção de úlcera por pressão é uma decisão estratégica eficaz, que além de diminuir a incidência, otimiza recursos, melhora a qualidade da assistência, fortalece as práticas assistenciais. Conclusão: Os protocolos promovem impactos positivos sobre a prevenção das úlceras por pressão e a qualidade de vida das pessoas, sendo um recurso essencial para um cuidado humanizado pautado nas necessidades de saúde.Introduction: Pressure ulcer is a medical condition that involves high costs and biopsychosocial consequences for the patients. Prevention protocols have been used to reduce pressure ulcers incidence, and it is important to emphasize the impact of this strategy on the health care

RAPD-PCR typing of Yersinia enterocolitica (Enterobacteriaceae O:3 serotype strains isolated from pigs and humans

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Tereza Cristina A. Leal

1999-09-01

Full Text Available Sixteen strains of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3, isolated from apparently healthy pigs collected in Rio de Janeiro, and four human strains of serotypes O:4, O:5, O:6 and O:13 were analyzed by RAPD-PCR. The strains were grouped into five genotypic profiles according to the amplification patterns obtained with three random primers. Fifteen of the 16 pig strains had identical amplification patterns, which was named genotypic profile 1. The one different profile was named genotypic profile 2. Genotypic profile 1 was also exhibited by the O:6 human serotype strain. The O:4 and O:13 human serotype strains showed similar amplification profiles with two primers. However, the third primer induced a distinct profile in each strain. Therefore, these two strains were placed into genotypic profile 3 and 4, respectively. Each primer produced a completely different amplification profile in the O:5 human serotype strain; therefore, it was named genotypic profile 5. The presence or absence of plasmids in the strains studied did not affect the amplification results. These results show that genetic variations can exist within a serotype, and strains of different serotypes can exhibit the same amplification profile when compared using other primers.Foram utilizados três "primers" aleatórios para caracterizar pela técnica RAPD-PCR 16 cepas de Yersinia enterocolitica do sorotipo O:3, isoladas de suínos sadios do Rio de Janeiro. Pelos resultados dos padrões de amplificação, as 16 cepas dos suínos e as 4 cepas humanas usadas como referência (sorotipos O:4, O:5, O:6 e O:13 foram agrupadas em 5 perfis genotípicos. Quinze cepas de suínos apresentaram um padrão de amplificação idêntico (perfil genotípico 1 e somente uma apresentou um perfil de amplificação diferente (perfil genotípico 2. O mesmo padrão de amplificação do perfil genotípico 1 foi também observado em uma cepa humana do sorotipo O:6. As cepas humanas dos sorotipos O:4 e O:13

Identification of a RAPD marker linked to the Co-6 anthracnose resistant gene in common bean cultivar AB 136

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Alzate-Marin Ana Lilia

2000-01-01

Full Text Available The pathogenic variability of the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum represents an obstacle for the creation of resistant common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. varieties. Gene pyramiding is an alternative strategy for the development of varieties with durable resistance. RAPD markers have been proposed as a means to facilitate pyramiding of resistance genes without the need for multiple inoculations of the pathogens. The main aims of this work were to define the inheritance pattern of resistance present in common bean cultivar AB 136 in segregating populations derived from crosses with cultivar Rudá (susceptible to most C. lindemuthianum races and to identify RAPD markers linked to anthracnose resistance. The two progenitors, populations F1 and F2, F2:3 families and backcross-derived plants were inoculated with race 89 of C. lindemuthianum under environmentally controlled greenhouse conditions. The results indicate that a single dominant gene, Co-6, controls common bean resistance to this race, giving a segregation ratio between resistant and susceptible plants of 3:1 in the F2, 1:0 in the backcrosses to AB 136 and 1:1 in the backcross to Rudá. The segregation ratio of F2:3 families derived from F2 resistant plants was 1:2 (homozygous to heterozygous resistant. Molecular marker analyses in the F2 population identified a DNA band of approximately 940 base pairs (OPAZ20(940, linked in coupling phase at 7.1 cM of the Co-6 gene. This marker is being used in our backcross breeding program to develop Rudá-derived common bean cultivars resistant to anthracnose and adapted to central Brazil.

Similaridade genética entre clones de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis, por meio de marcadores RAPD Genetic similarity among rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis clones using RAPD markers

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Karine Cristina Bicalho

2008-10-01

Full Text Available A seringueira [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss Muell.-Arg.] é uma espécie nativa da região amazônica e compreende a maior fonte produtora de borracha natural do mundo. Na busca de condições mais favoráveis ao cultivo, além da busca pela auto-suficiência na produção de borracha natural, o cultivo da seringueira migrou para outras regiões do país. Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, estimar a similaridade genética de genótipos de seringueira, provenientes de regiões distintas do país, Lavras-MG (UFLA e Campinas-SP (IAC, por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD. A análise foi efetuada em 41 indivíduos, representados por 17 genótipos diferentes, com base em 19 primers, que geraram 121 fragmentos polimórficos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o software NTSYS-pc - 2.1, por meio do coeficiente de Dice e pelo método das médias (UPGMA. A similaridade genética entre o material analisado variou de 0,56 a 1,00. Na análise do dendrograma, foram observados 18 grupos. Os clones (RRIM600, GT1, PB235, PL PIM e FX2261, utilizados em diferentes repetições, foram idênticos, quando comparados entre si, entretanto o mesmo não foi observado para os clones identificados como RRIM 701. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o material avaliado na UFLA é o mesmo implantado no IAC, exceto o RRIM 701, mostrando uma ampla variabilidade genética, disponível para estudos e propagação da cultura.The rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex. Adr. de Juss Muell.-Arg.] is a native species from Amazon region, and represents the biggest source of natural rubber in the world.. However, the rubber tree culture has had an expansion to other brazilian regions, in search of more favorable conditions for its cultivation and self-sufficiency in natural rubber. The aim of this work was to estimate genetic similarity among rubber tree clones, from different Brazilian regions, Lavras (UFLA and Campinas (IAC, by using RAPD molecular markers

Protocolo Nacional para la Evaluacion de Disturbios en Suelos Forestales; Volumen II: Metodos complementarios, estadística y recoleccion de datos

Science.gov (United States)

Deborah S. Page-Dumroese; Ann M. Abbott; Thomas M. Rice

2013-01-01

Este documento-El Volumen II: Métodos complementarios, estadística y recolección de datos- define las bases, los métodos estadísticos y de almacenamiento de datos de un Protocolo Nacional para la Evaluación de Disturbios en Suelos Forestales. Esta guía técnica proporciona las bases de un método consistente, con definiciones comunes, para generar datos de alta calidad,...

Preliminary study on peroxidase isoenzyme detection and RAPD molecular verification for sweet pepper 87-2 carried by a recoverable satellite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Min; Li Jinguo; Wang Yalin; Zhang Zan; Xue Huai; Zhang Chunhua; Li Sherong

1999-01-01

The detection technology of peroxidase isoenzyme pattern and RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis were used to space-flown sweet pepper variety of 87-2 carried by a recoverable satellite, and its correspondent ground control Longjiao-2. Determination of peroxidase isoenzyme revealed that the physiological activities of space-flown sweet pepper were significantly higher than those of its ground control. To detect the polymorphism of gene sequence and the difference in molecular level. 42 primers were used, among them, 38 primers amplified polymorphic products, and the amplified products from 5 primers of sweet pepper 87-2 differed from those of ground control

Soluciones concluidas en el MERCOSUR en materia de jurisdicción internacional: Análisis de los protocolos de Buenos Aires sobre jurisdicción internacional en materia contractual y de San Luis en materia de resp. civil emergente de accidentes de tránsito

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Eduardo Tellechea Bergman

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Contenido: Precisiones.  La jurisdicción en las relaciones privadas internacionales en el MERCOSUR. Necesidad de una regulación común a todos los estados parte. Protocolo de Buenos Aires sobre jurisdicción internacional en materia contractual. Protocolo de San Luis sobre responsabilidad civil emergente de accidentes de tránsito

Caracterización de la diversidad genética en el pez Brycon henni (Characiformes: Characidae en Colombia central por medio de marcadores RAPD

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Hermes Pineda Santis

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El conocimiento sobre la diversidad genética de especies nativas de peces, es esencial para la conservación y manejo apropiado de animales en los programas de repoblación. Brycon henni ha sido reportada en las cuencas de los ríos Magdalena y Cauca; actualmente, la especie ha disminuido su número de animales y reducido su distribución geográfica como consecuencia de los efectos antrópicos. Por lo tanto, es necesario conocer el componente genético de los reducidos grupos de animales en los riachuelos, para iniciar algunos programas de repoblación. En este estudio el Polimorfismo de ADN Amplificado al Azar (RAPD, fue utilizado para estimar el componente genético actual en esta especie. Para este propósito; se evaluaron seis sitios de muestreo localizados en el departamento de Antioquia, cordillera Central de Colombia. De cuarenta iniciadores utilizados, treinta y cinco de ellos (87.5 % produjeron 1 466 fragmentos reproducibles y consistentes; 417 fueron considerados como fragmentos únicos, que permitieron discriminar entre las muestras de las cuencas de los ríos Magdalena (Humarada-1 y Humarada-2 y Cauca (Piedras, La Clara y Guaracú, sugiriendo que cada una es una unidad discreta. Esta diversidad en los resultados, según el sitio de muestreo y por las características de cada uno de ellos, posiblemente sugiere, que los efectos antrópicos como presión por pesca, construcción de embalses, deforestación y contaminación del agua, han contribuido al aislamiento de estos grupos de peces en las zonas de alta montaña. Brycon moorei y Colossoma macropomum, como grupos de control inter especifico, se ubicaron fuera del grupo general de B. henni, confirmando su clasificación taxonómica mediante datos morfológicos. La técnica de RAPD fue útil para conocer la diversidad genética y discriminar entre poblaciones de B. henni de diferente origen geográfico, ello permitiría realizar un plan apropiado de conservación y manejo en medio

INFRAESTRUCTURA DE COMUNICACIONES EN MICRORREDES ELECTRICAS

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Elvis Eduardo Gaona García

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo muestra un estudio de la actualidad técnica y tecnológica de la infraestructura de comunicaciones utilizadas en  microrredes eléctricas, en este sentido ha surgido la necesidad de investigar, analizar, mejorar y desarrollar métodos de comunicación tanto alámbricos como inalámbricos que permitan crear una infraestructura de comunicaciones que soporte las características de control, supervisión y trasmisión de información entre dispositivos de control en una microrred de forma eficiente, segura y confiable.Dadas estas características en el artículo se analizan  las diferentes arquitecturas y topologías propuestas entorno a comunicaciones en el ambiente Smart Grid que se puedan adaptar a la forma en que opera una microrred. Se muestran las propuestas  y desarrollos realizados en el  área de telecomunicaciones concerniente a protocolos de comunicaciones utilizados en microrredes eléctricas, con el fin de conocer las tecnologías, protocolos y algoritmos utilizados en la transmisión de datos.

Appraisal of genetic diversity of different peach cultivars and genotypes through rapd markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bakht, J.; Jamal, N.; Shafi, M

2012-01-01

The present study was amid to investigate the genetic diversity of twenty peach cultivars and genotypes by RAPD primers at the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, KPK Agricultural University Peshawar. The result indicated that fifteen primers (GLCO9, GLC20, GLA20, GLA13, GLB10, GLB20, GLB06, GLB19, GLA19, GLB19, GLD16, GLB15, GLA15, GLB12, GLB11) gave genetic distance among the peach cultivars and genotypes under study by PCR amplification. Average genetic diversity (estimated as genetic distance) ranged between 12 and 58%. The molecular size of most of the bands were from 150 bp to 1000 bp. Based on dendrogram analysis, Khyber 1 and Khyber 2 was grouped in cluster A, and Tex-A6-69 and BY-8-135 in cluster B, Candan and 6A were most closely related cultivars and genotypes among the 20 peach cultivars and genotypes while Lering, Flam crest, Tex x-9, early grand and Floradaking were distinctly grouped when compared with the rest of population. (author)

RAPD analysis of the genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica) germplasm in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Souza, I G B; Valente, S E S; Britto, F B; de Souza, V A B; Lima, P S C

2011-12-14

We evaluated genetic variability of mango (Mangifera indica) accessions maintained in the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Meio-Norte in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, using RAPDs. Among these accessions, 35 originated from plantings in Brazil, six from the USA and one from India. Genomic DNA, extracted from leaf material using a commercial purification kit, was subjected to PCR with the primers A01, A09, G03, G10, N05, and M16. Fifty-five polymorphic loci were identified, with mean of 9.16 ± 3.31 bands per primer and 100% polymorphism. Application of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average cluster analysis demonstrated five genotypic groups among the accessions examined. The genotypes Rosa 41, Rosa 48 and Rosa 49 were highly similar (94% similarity), whereas genotypes Sensation and Rosa 18 were the most divergent (only 7% similarity). The mango accessions were found to have considerable genetic variability, demonstrating the importance of analyzing each genotype in a collection in order to efficiently maintain the germplasm collection.

Respostas fisiológicas, perceptuais e afetivas de seis protocolos de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade em universitários

OpenAIRE

Follador, Lucio

2016-01-01

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Sergio Gregorio da Silva Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Defesa: Curitiba, 26/02/2016 Inclui referências : f. 50-59 Área de concentração: Exercício e esporte Resumo: Objetivo: comparar as respostas fisiológicas, perceptuais e afetivas de seis protocolos de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT, do inglês High Intensity Interval Training) em univer...

Low Genetic Diversity Among Garlic (Allium sativum L. Accessions Detected Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD Escasa Diversidad Genética entre Accesiones de Ajo (Allium sativum L. Detectada Mediante ADN Polimórfico Amplificado al Azar (RAPD

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Mario Paredes C

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Garlic (Allium sativum L. is a species of vegetative propagation, showing high morphological diversity. Besides, its clones have specific adaptations to different agroclimatic regions. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of 65 garlic clones collected in Chile and introduced from different countries, by using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Fourty random primers of 10 mers generated a total of 398 bands with an 87% of polymorphism. Each primer amplified between two and 20 bands. The size of the fragments obtained fluctuated between 3200 and 369 bp. The results showed that the clones analyzed had a genetic similarity rate of 94%. In addition, 70% of them were clustered in one major group. However, in spite of that situation several clones have different agronomic characteristicsEl ajo (Allium sativum L. es una especie de propagación vegetativa, que presenta una amplia variabilidad morfológica. Los clones de esta especie tienen una adaptación específica a diferentes regiones agroclimáticas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad genética existente en 65 clones de ajos colectados en Chile e introducidos desde diferentes países, utilizando RAPD (ADN Polimórfico Amplificado al Azar. Para esta evaluación se utilizaron 40 partidores de 10-mers. Los partidores generaron entre dos y 20 bandas, observándose un alto número de patrones con bandas múltiples. Los fragmentos generados difieren en su tamaño entre 3.200 y 369 pb. Los partidores generaron 398 bandas, de las cuales un 87% fueron polimórficas. El análisis estadístico realizado detectó una similitud genética alta, de un 94% entre las accesiones evaluadas, donde aproximadamente un 70% de los clones formaron un grupo homogéneo. Sin embargo, este grupo incluye clones que presentan diferentes características agronómicas

Analysis of the genetic diversity of physic nut, Jatropha curcas L. accessions using RAPD markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Rafii, M Y; Shabanimofrad, M; Puteri Edaroyati, M W; Latif, M A

2012-06-01

A sum of 48 accessions of physic nut, Jatropha curcas L. were analyzed to determine the genetic diversity and association between geographical origin using RAPD-PCR markers. Eight primers generated a total of 92 fragments with an average of 11.5 amplicons per primer. Polymorphism percentages of J. curcas accessions for Selangor, Kelantan, and Terengganu states were 80.4, 50.0, and 58.7%, respectively, with an average of 63.04%. Jaccard's genetic similarity co-efficient indicated the high level of genetic variation among the accessions which ranged between 0.06 and 0.81. According to UPGMA dendrogram, 48 J. curcas accessions were grouped into four major clusters at coefficient level 0.3 and accessions from same and near states or regions were found to be grouped together according to their geographical origin. Coefficient of genetic differentiation (G(st)) value of J. curcas revealed that it is an outcrossing species.

Protocolo de preparo da criança pré-escolar para punção venosa, com utilização do brinquedo terapêutico Protocolo de preparación de niños en edad preescolar para la punción venosa con utilización del juguete terapeutico Protocol for the preparation of preschool children to venous puncture using therapeutic play

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Maria do Rosário Martins

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho, do tipo exploratório descritivo, consiste na elaboração de um protocolo utilizando brinquedo terapêutico para preparar crianças pré-escolares que seriam submetidas à punção venosa, assim como testá-lo em algumas crianças para verificar sua aplicabilidade e eficiência. As crianças submetidas à sessão do brinquedo, tornaram-se mais cooperativas durante a punção venosa; compreenderam a necessidade e a técnica dos procedimentos; exteriorizaram sentimentos; elaboraram situações familiares e hospitalares, passando a relacionar-se melhor com as outras crianças e com a equipe de enfermagem. Consideramos que este protocolo é factível e útil; sugerimos que integre o plano de assistência de enfermagem a crianças hospitalizadas.Este trabajo de tipo exploratorio descriptivo consiste en la elaboración de un protocolo utilizando el juguete terapéutico para preparar niños preescolares para la punción venosa y su aplicación en algunos niños, con el sentido de verificar su aplicabilidad. Los niños que fueron sometidos a la sesión del juguete, se tornaron más cooperativos durante la punción venosa; comprendieron la necesidad y la técnica de los procedimientos; exteriorizaron sentimientos; elaboraron situaciones familiares y hospitalarias y empezaron a relacionarse mejor con los otros niños y con el equipo de enfermería. Consideramos que éste protocolo es factible y util; sugerimos que el mismo pase a integrar el plan de atención de enfermería a los niños hospitalizados.This exploratory - descriptive study aims at elaborating a protocol, using therapeutic play, for the preparation of preschool children to venous puncture and also at testing its efficiency and applicability. The children that attended the play session were more cooperative when they were punctured. They understood the need and technical aspects of this clinical procedure; manifested their feelings, elaborated familiar and hospital situations

In vitro propagation and assessment of genetic stability of acclimated plantlets of Cornus alba L. using RAPD and ISSR markers.

Science.gov (United States)

Ilczuk, Agnieszka; Jacygrad, Ewelina

2016-01-01

Cornus alba L. (white dogwood) is an important ornamental shrub having a wide range of applications such as reforestation programs and soil retention systems. The vegetative propagation of dogwood by cuttings may be slow, difficult, and cultivar dependent; therefore, an improved micropropagation method was developed. Nodal stem segments of C. alba cultivars 'Aurea' and 'Elegantissima' were cultured on media enriched with six different sources of macronutrients. Media were supplemented with either N 6 -benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ) in combination with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Regardless of the cultivar, the best shoot proliferation was observed on Lloyd and McCown medium (woody plant medium (WPM)) at pH 6.2, containing 1.0 mg L -1 BA, 0.1 mg L -1 NAA, and 20-30 g L -1 sucrose. Rooting of regenerated shoots was achieved by an in vitro method when different concentrations of NAA or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) were tested. Microcuttings were rooted for 8 wk on medium enriched with 0.25 mg L -1 NAA and potted into P9 containers in the greenhouse. The final survival rate of the plants after 20 wk was 80% for 'Aurea' and 90% for 'Elegantissima'. Genetic stability of the micropropagated plants was confirmed by using two DNA-based molecular marker techniques. A total of 30 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 20 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers resulted in 197-199 and 184-187 distinct and reproducible band classes, respectively, in 'Aurea' and 'Elegantissima' plantlets. All of the RAPD and ISSR profiles were monomorphic and comparable with the mother plant.

Análisis de la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo Moniliophthora roreri basado en marcadores RAPD

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Boris Gutarra Castillo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Estudiar la diversidad genética de 21 aislamientos del hongo que afecta al cultivo del cacao, Moniliophthora roreri, en tres zonas cacaoteras del Perú (Tocache, Mariscal Cáceres y Leoncio Prado. Métodos: Se utilizó 14 iniciadores RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA polimórficos y una pareja de oligonucleótidos, los que fueron empleados bajo condiciones de amplificación estandarizadas. Con los datos obtenidos se construyó un dendograma utilizando el coeficiente de Jaccard y el algoritmo UPGMA (Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Average. La estructura genética fue estimada en función del análisis molecular de variancia (AMOVA y la diversidad mediante los índices de Shannon y Nei. Resultados: Fueron conseguidas 59 bandas RAPD con un 73% de polimorfismo. El dendograma obtenido a un índice de similitud de 0,70, claramente dividió los individuos en tres grupos. El análisis de la diversidad genética mostró altos valores en las zonas estudiadas de acuerdo con el índice de Shannon (0,3936 y de Nei (0,2622, con mayor riqueza en Leoncio Prado. Estas zonas presentan alta variabilidad, y según el AMOVA realizado: 88% entre accesiones por zona y solo 12% entre zonas. Conclusiones: Existe más de un grupo genético de Moniliophthora roreri en la Amazonía del Perú. Estos grupos, provenientes del Ecuador, pudieron haber ingresado por el intercambio de semillas y/o de forma natural por medio de los ríos en común y estarían originando nuevos grupos genéticos locales.

Genetic Variant Detected by RAPD-PCR and ISSR in Catharanthus roseus (L.) Cells Exposed to Low Doses of Gamma Rays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salama, I.M.; Ali, G.M.

2016-01-01

Catherine's roseus (L.) (C. roseus) 10 samples, genetically different of irradiated and control cell suspension culture were detected by both random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (Raped-Pcr) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR). The RAPD-PCR and ISSR-PCR profiles were used for building phenetic trees by using Totallab Quant software, showing similarity in the topology of the trees. Both dendograms presented three major clusters that 10 samples irradiated and control, according to genetic similarity. The control and the irradiated samples at 2.5 and 4 Gy, which are highly in the similarity index recorded as 0.101, while the lowest similarity index recorded was 0.058, which was observed between 3.5 and 4.5 Gy. A dendrogram RAPD-PCR for the genetic relationships among the 10 samples irradiated and control of C. roseus the cell suspension culture taxa was carried out. The 10 samples irradiated and control from C. roseus cell suspension culture taxa were separated into three clusters; cluster one included 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 Gy, while the cluster two included control, 2, 2.5, 3.5, 4 and 4.5 Gy. The cluster three included 4.5 and 5 Gy. The best doses of gamma rays were from 0.5 to 5 Gy in order to C. roseus cells genome manipulation and induced mutations. The genome modification was the stimulation of the gene expression changes in order to changes of physiological cell and production of cell lines. The aim of the production cell lines to elicit cells enjoys the attributes of high productivity, secondary products, which are used in widely used in the pharmaceutical industry.

[The use of RAPD and ITE molecular markers to study genetical structure of the Crimean population of Triticum boeoticum Boiss].

Science.gov (United States)

Mallabaeva, D Sh; Ignatov, A N; Sheĭko, I A; Isikov, V P; Geliuta, V P; Boĭko, N G; Seriapin, A A; Dorokhov, D B

2007-01-01

Wild wheat Triticum boeoticum Boiss. is the rare species are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. This species are reducing the magnitude of population and the area of distribution under anthropogenic activity. We studied genetic structure of two populations of T. boeoticum, located on Sapun Mountain and in Baidar Valley in Crimea. According RAPD and ITE molecular analysis we have estimated that the population of T. boeoticum on Sapun Mountain is genetically more impoverished than a population from the Baidar Valley. For preservation of maximal natural genetic polymorphism of the rare species it is recommended to direct efforts to preservations of a population of T. boeoticum from the Baidar Valley.

Os protocolos e a decisão médica: medicina baseada em vivências e ou evidências?

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Severina Alice da Costa Uchôa

Full Text Available O objetivo geral do trabalho é compreender as concepções e interesses sobre transmutar a fundamentação da prática cotidiana do conhecimento produzido pela experiência para modelos probabilísticos da epidemiologia. O objeto é a argumentação e as práticas em torno de consenso sobre critérios de conhecimento válidos às decisões diagnósticas e terapêuticas. O ponto de partida é o estudo de Fleck, no qual os fatos não são objetivamente dados, mas coletiva e contingencialmente criados em adequação a um estilo de pensamento. Nossa estratégia de pesquisa foi a observação etnográfica do round e das reuniões clínicas numa unidade de terapia cardiointensiva cirúrgica, no Rio de Janeiro. A análise baseou-se nos trabalhos de Knorr-Cetina, (arena transepistêmica e teoria da argumentação de Perelman. A pesquisa revelou a consolidação da tendência de incorporação de critérios explícitos de relação custo-benefício e interesses relativos a distintos agentes, como categoria médica, governos, complexo médico-industrial, na introdução dos protocolos. Demonstrou utilização ambivalente: protocolos/estudos científicos e experiência clínica. Chamou a atenção um certo ceticismo e inabilidade dos médicos na utilização das ferramentas de análise do estilo de pensamento epidemiológico.

Diseño integrado para viviendas energéticamente eficientes en Chile: Enhebrando capacidades

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Underlea Miotto Bruscato

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El diseño integrado es una estrategia para desarrollar proyectos de arquitectura sustentable, incorporando trabajo multidisciplinario y evaluaciones de desempeño, que ha demostrado ser un aporte relevante en la ejecución de edificios públicos de países desarrollados. Este artículo presenta la revisión de aspectos de diseño integrado para la elaboración de viviendas energéticamente eficientes en la zona sur de Chile, destinadas en particular a la reconstrucción post terremoto del 27 de Febrero del 2010. Realizando primeramente una síntesis de características de los procesos de diseño integrado, sus condiciones implícitas, participantes, etapas, recursos y resultados esperados según referencias internacionales. Luego se contrasta con la práctica regular de diseño de viviendas en Chile según la regulación vigente y entrevistas a profesionales. Posteriormente se analizan procesos de diseños de casas experimentales y conjuntos habitacionales particularmente enfocados al desempeño energético, realizando seguimientos y entrevistas para revisar aspectos significativos. Identificando algunas consideraciones y recursos relevantes aplicados en el diseño de las viviendas que permitieron el logro de mejoramientos ambientales.

El protocolo como herramienta estratégica de comunicación una constante histórica y estudio de casos actuales

OpenAIRE

Martínez Sánchez, María del Carmen

2008-01-01

El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es demostrar la validez de la hipótesis de partida, es decir, que el protocolo es una herramienta estratégica de comunicación utilizada a través de los tiempos para proyectar la mejor imagen de las personas e instituciones que constituyen el poder establecido en forma de Estado; es un pilar muy importante de un buen plan de comunicación institucional; es un instrumento que facilita la representación visual del poder y su finalidad principal es la de conseguir un...

ANÁLISES DE PROTOCOLOS TELETERÁPICOS DE CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE ALGUNS SERVIÇOS LOCAIS, BASEADOS NO TG40 E ARCAL XXX Routine teletherapy quality control protocols based on TG40 and ARCAL XXX

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Carmen S. Guzmán Calcina

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Considerando a importância da garantia da qualidade nos serviços de radioterapia, este trabalho tem como primeiro objetivo fazer uma avaliação dos testes propostos pelos protocolos oficiais internacionais TG40 e ARCAL XXX para os equipamentos de cobalto, acelerador linear e simulador. O segundo objetivo consistiu em se fazer uma avaliação dos testes que atualmente são realizados por alguns serviços de radioterapia nacionais e da América Latina, comparando-os com os apresentados nos protocolos citados. Dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que embora o TG40 apresente os testes básicos necessários para um controle de qualidade adequado, o ARCAL ainda sugere testes complementares. Dos resultados e discussões, concluiu-se que é necessário que os serviços de radioterapia implementem os testes de controle de qualidade básicos e indispensáveis aos seus equipamentos, e que os demais testes sejam implementados de acordo com as suas necessidades e disponibilidades. Como produto deste estudo, sugestões de protocolos são apresentadas para o trabalho de rotina, provenientes da fusão dos protocolos analisados.In view of the great importance of quality control in radiotherapy services, this paper aimed primarily to evaluate the tests recommended by international protocols TG40 and ARCAL XXX for teletherapic equipments (cobalt, linear accelerator and simulator. A second objective was to evaluate the tests currently used in some radiotherapy services in Brazil and Latin America and to compare these tests with the ones recommended by the international protocols. Our results suggest that ARCAL is more complete than TG40, although the latter includes all the essential basic tests. We concluded that radiotherapy services should implement all basic quality control tests and that all other complementary tests should be implemented according to the need of each service. Finally, suggestions of protocols are presented, elaborated from the official and

Validación del Protocolo para el Estudio de la Hemorragia Uterina Anormal con Ecografía endovaginal y medio de Contraste (Sonohisterografía.

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Ricardo Rueda Saenz

2003-08-01

Full Text Available

La evaluación del sangrado uterino anormal (SUA especialmente en los años postreproductivos, convencionalmente se hace recurriendo a las biopsias y aspiraciones endometriales ciegas en el consultorio, o al curetaje uterino bajo anestesia general. Dichos procedimientos, además de ser invasivos, han mostrado ser poco sensibles y específicos en la detección y el tratamiento de la patología focal del endometrio (pólipos, leiomiomas submucosos, y además pueden resultar costosos. Con el advenimiento de la histeroscopia, se han obviado muchas de las dificultades atribuidas a la biopsia ciega y el curetaje uterino, pero aquella, además de requerir un entrenamiento específico y un equipo costoso, requiere de anestesia local o general, en ocasiones dilatación del cervix y en muchas instancias arroja resultados negativos.

De otro lado, la histeroscopia sólo permite evaluar el canal cervical y la cavidad endometrial, sin poder visualizar la pared miometrial, los anexos y otras estructuras pélvicas, lo cual desvirtúa su uso en una gran proporción de pacientes como investigación inicial rutinaria en el sangrado uterino anormal.

La utilización de la ecografía transvaginal con contraste líquido (sonohisterografía o histerosonografía permite, por el contrario, no solamente una evaluación precisa y detallada del canal cervical y la cavidad endometrial, sino que permite evaluar la pared miometrial, los ovarios y otras estructuras pélvicas, así como la permeabilidad de las trompas uterinas.

Este procedimiento tiene además un bajo costo, no requiere de entrenamiento especial, tampoco de anestesia ni de dilatación cervical y tiene bajas tasas de complicaciones. Con la sonohisterografía se pueden seleccionar en forma eficiente y rápida, las mujeres que realmente se benefician de una histeroscopia diagnóstica-operatoria o de una biopsia endometrial ciega de consultorio para evaluar el SUA.

El presente estudio

Eficácia da dose reduzida de gonadorelina e diferentes prostaglandinas no protocolo ovsynch em vacas holandesas Efficacy of decreasing dose of gonadorelin and comparison between different prostaglandins on ovsynch protocol in lactating Holstein cows

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R.M. Santos

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a eficácia da dose de 0,10 ou de 0,25mg de gonadorelina nas taxas de ovulação e de sincronização no protocolo Ovsynch e de 150mcg de D-cloprostenol ou 0,530mg de cloprostenol sódico na regressão do corpo lúteo (CL de sete dias e de todos os CL. Foram utilizadas 136 vacas lactantes da raça Holandesa, com média de produção de leite de 23,75,8kg/dia, com 138,4±72,0 dias em lactação. As vacas foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro grupos, de acordo com a dose de gonadorelina e o tipo da prostaglandina. As taxas de ovulação e de sincronização foram de 52,9% e 80,9% para 0,10mg de gonadorelina e de 57,4% e 80,9% para 0,25mg de gonadorelina, respectivamente. A taxa de regressão do CL de sete dias foi de 97,1% para o D-cloprostenol e de 97,5% para o cloprostenol sódico. A taxa de prenhez não foi influenciada pelos tratamentos, mas foi influenciada pela taxa de ovulação à primeira aplicação de gonadorelina, 16,0% vs. 6,6% para as vacas que ovularam e não ovularam, respectivamente. Conclui-se que 0,10mg de gonadorelina foi eficiente e ambas prostaglandinas podem ser usadas em protocolos de sincronização da ovulação.The efficacy of 150mcg D-cloprostenol or 0.530mg cloprostenol sodium on the 7- day corpus luteum (CL regression rate, and of two doses of gonadorelin, 0.10mg vs. 0.25mg, on the ovulation and synchronization rates during the Ovsynch protocol were evaluated. Lactating Holstein cows (n=136, producing 23.75.8kg milk/d and 138.4±72.0 days in milk were randomly assigned to four groups, according to dose of gonadorelin and prostaglandin type. No effect of the products and doses tested on conception rate were observed. The ovulation and synchronization rates using 0.10mg or 0.25mg of gonadorelin were 52.9% and 80.9% vs. 57.4% and 80.9%, respectively. The CL regression rates in cows ovulating after the first GnRH using D-cloprostenol or cloprostenol sodium were 97.1% and 97.5%, respectively. The

Batería Funcional ARISTO en Gimnasia Rítmica: protocolo de test específicos para la evaluación de jóvenes gimnastas en un ámbito de entrenamiento saludable

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M. Vernetta

2017-09-01

Conclusión: El protocolo ARISTO de gimnasia rítmica se podría considerar una herramienta útil para facilitar una valoración de calidad de los entrenamientos en jóvenes practicantes de este deporte a nivel europeo.

MARCADORES RAPD PARA MAPEAMENTO GENÉTICO E SELEÇÃO DE HÍBRIDOS DE CITROS RAPD MARKERS TO GENETIC MAPPING AND SELECTION OF CITRUS HYBRIDS

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ROBERTO PEDROSO DE OLIVEIRA

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Os marcadores moleculares apresentam várias aplicações no melhoramento de plantas, permitindo uma série de análises genéticas. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de estabelecer marcadores RAPD para serem utilizados em estudos de mapeamento genético e na seleção de híbridos entre tangerina-'Cravo' (Citrus reticulata Blanco e laranja-'Pêra' (C. sinensis (L. Osbeck. Extraiu-se DNA de folhas dos parentais e de seis híbridos F1. As reações de amplificação foram preparadas em 13 uL de solução, constituída por tampão 1x GIBCO BRL; soluções 1,54 mM de MgCl2 e 0,2 mM de cada dNTP; 15 ng de cada 'primer'; 1,5 unidade de 'Taq DNA Polymerase' e 15 ng de DNA genômico. As reações foram realizadas em termocicladores programados para 36 ciclos de 1 min a 92ºC, 1 min a 36ºC, 2 min a 72ºC e 10 min de extensão a 72ºC. Foram testados 'primers' decâmeros arbitrários dos 'kits' A, AB, AT, AV, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, N, P, Q, R e U da Operon, sendo selecionados 113 por apresentarem polimorfismo, com número de marcadores variando de 1 a 6 por 'primer'. Esses 'primers' amplificaram 201 (23,13% bandas polimórficas, aplicáveis no mapeamento genético e seleção de híbridos. A freqüência de 'primers' com 1; 2; 3; 4; 5 e 6 bandas polimórficas foi de 49,5%, 33,6%, 9,7%, 4,4%, 1,8% e 1,0%, respectivamente.Molecular markers have many applications in plant breeding, enabling some types of genetic analyses. The aim of this work was to establish RAPD markers to be used to genetic mapping studies and selection of hybrids between 'Cravo' tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco and 'Pêra' orange (C. sinensis (L. Osbeck. DNA of the parents and six hybrids F1 was isolated from the leaves. The amplification reactions were performed in volumes of 13 µL, composed by GIBCO BRL 1x buffer, 1,54 mM MgCl2, 0,2 mM of each dNTP, 15 ng of each primer, 1,5 unit of Taq DNA Polymerase and 15 ng of genomic DNA. These reactions were carried out in

Assessment of Cd-induced genotoxic damage in Urtica pilulifera L. using RAPD-PCR analysis

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Ilhan Dogan

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Plants can be used as biological indicators in assessing the damage done by bioaccumulation of heavy metals and their negative impact on the environment. In the present research, Roman nettle (Urtica pilulifera L. was employed as a bioindicator for cadmium (Cd pollution. The comparisons between unexposed and exposed plant samples revealed inhibition of the root growth (∼25.96% and ∼45.92% after treatment with 100 and 200 µmol/L Cd concentrations, respectively, reduction in the total soluble protein quantities (∼53.92% and ∼66.29% after treatment with 100 and 200 µmol/L Cd concentrations, respectively and a gradual genomic instability when the Cd concentrations were increased. The results indicated that alterations in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD profiles, following the Cd treatments, included normal band losses and emergence of new bands, when compared to the controls. Also, the obtained data from F1 plants, utilized for analysis of genotoxicity, revealed that DNA alterations, occurring in parent plants due to Cd pollution, were transmitted to the next generation.

Introduction of exogenous wild soybean DNA into cultivated soybean and RAPD molecular verification

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

谢纬武; 王斌; 雷勃钧; 李希臣; 卢翠华; 钱华; 周思君

1995-01-01

The exogenous total DNA of the wild high-protein soybean was transferred to cultivatedsoybean through the pollen tube channel and the genomic variation of the transformed progeny was detected bythe method of RAPD（Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA）.Distinguished variations were found in one of the 7 transformed plants of the first generation（D1）,ofwhich the traits of fruition,outward appearance,leaf shape and flower colour were almost identical withthose of the recipient parent;of which grain weight,seed coat colour and stem strength were situated betweenthe two parents;and there were greatly more pods per plant and 12.5% higher content of protein in seedsthan that of the recipient parent.All the properties have been invariably inherited for 3 generations.Through RAPD analysis of the genomes of the donor,the recipient and the transformed progeny（D3）as agroup,DNA polyrnorphisms were found in amplified products by 24 of 150 primers.The results prove thatthe exogenous DNA caused the distinct variance of the genome.The authors infer that the homogeneousrecombination of large exogenous DNA is the main cause for the variance.

A new PCR approach for the identification of Fusarium graminearum Um novo protocolo de PCR para a identificação de Fusarium graminearum

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Gleison Ricardo de Biazio

2008-09-01

Full Text Available The main objective of this work was to develop a PCR protocol for the identification of Fusarium graminearum, based on a pair of primers targeted to a segment of the 3' coding region of the gaoA gene that codes for the enzyme galactose oxidase (GO. This region has low homology with the same region of GO genes from other fungi. Genomic DNA from 17 strains of Fusarium spp. isolated from diseased cereals, from several other Fusarium species, and from other fungi genera was analyzed in a PCR assay using this primer set. The 17 strains of Fusarium spp. were also analyzed for the GO enzyme production in submerse fermentation in a new formulated liquid medium. All strains that were morphologically and molecularly identified as F. graminearum were able to secrete the enzyme and had a positive result in the used PCR protocol. No DNA fragment was amplified using genomic DNA from other Fusarium species and species of other fungi genera. The results suggest that the proposed PCR protocol is specific and can be considered as a new molecular tool for the identification of F. graminearum. In addition, the new formulated medium is a cheap alternative for screening for GO screening production by F. graminearum.O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um novo protocolo de PCR para identificação de isolados de Fusarium graminearum, baseado no uso de um par de iniciadores direcionado para um segmento da região 3' codificadora do gene gaoA que codifica a enzima galactose oxidase (GO. Esta região possui baixa homologia com a mesma região de genes da GO de outros fungos. O DNA genômico de 17 cepas de Fusarium spp. isoladas de cereais infectados com sintomas, de vários outras espécies de Fusarium e de outros gêneros de fungos foi analisado em um protocolo de PCR utilizando os iniciadores desenhados. Os 17 isolados de Fusarium spp. também foram analisados para a produção da enzima GO em fermentação submersa em um novo meio líquido. Todas as

Governança global e transferência de política: influências do Protocolo de Cartagena na Política Nacional de Biossegurança Gobernanza global y transferencia de la política: influencias del Protocolo de Cartagena en la Política Nacional de Bioseguridad Global governance and transfer policy: influences of the Cartagena Protocol on Brazilian National Policy on Biosafety

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Yuna Fontoura

2013-02-01

Full Text Available No contexto de governança global, analisamos o tema da transferência de política, no qual a formulação de políticas públicas é influenciada por experiências de contextos políticos diferentes. Neste sentido, questionamos de que forma o Protocolo de Cartagena influenciou a formulação da Política Nacional de Biossegurança (PNB. A pesquisa empírica foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com respondentes qualificados, que atuaram direta ou indiretamente na formulação da PNB. No tratamento dos dados adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio da utilização da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que houve transferência de política no formato de aprendizado (ou lesson drawing do Protocolo de Cartagena à PNB.En el contexto de la gobernancia global, se analiza el tema de la política de transferencia, en que la formulación de la política pública está influenciada por las experiencias de los diferentes contextos políticos. En este sentido, nos preguntamos cómo el Protocolo de Cartagena ha influido en la formulación de la Política Nacional de Bioseguridad (PNB. La investigación empírica se realizó a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas con informantes calificados, que trabajaban directa o indirectamente en la formulación de la PNB. En el procesamiento de los datos seguimos un enfoque cualitativo, a través del uso de análisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran que ocorre una política de transferencia en la forma de aprendizaje (o lesson drawing del Protocolo de Cartagena sobre PNB.In the context of global governance, we analyze the topic of policy transfer in which the formulation of public policies is influenced by experiences of different political contexts. Thus, we question how the Cartagena Protocol influenced the formulation of the Brazilian National Biosafety Policy (PNB. The empirical research was accomplished through semi-structured interviews with qualified respondents who

Caracterização de genótipos de cebola com a utilização de marcadores moleculares RAPD

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Gerson Henrique Wamser

Full Text Available A divergência genética foi avaliada entre quinze genótipos de cebola cultivados em Santa Catarina, com a utilização de marcadores moleculares RAPD. Onze oligonucleotídeos iniciadores da série Operon Technologies foram utilizados e produziram 35 marcadores, destes, 28 foram polimórficos. Os produtos da amplificação foram visualizados em gel de agarose 1,4%, corado com brometo de etídeo. Uma matriz de similaridade utilizando-se o coeficiente de Jaccard foi construída a partir dos dados moleculares. Um dendrograma foi gerado para melhor visualização da similaridade genética através do método de agrupamento UPGMA. Três grupos foram formados utilizando o coeficiente de similaridade 0,6 como ponto de corte. O primeiro grupo reuniu os genótipos Super Superprecoce e Gauchinha. O segundo grupo reuniu doze genótipos. Dentro desse grupo, os genótipos Bella Vista e Bella Dura foram os que apresentaram o maior coeficiente de similaridade, em torno de 0,89. Bela Vista e Superprecoce, Catarina e o híbrido Bella Vista, com coeficiente de similaridade de 0,88 entre os pares. O terceiro grupo apresentou apenas o genótipo Crioula Roxa, que obteve o menor valor (0,31 para o coeficiente de similaridade. Tendo em vista os resultados obtidos, cruzamentos entre os genótipos do primeiro e segundo grupo e destes com o genótipo Crioula Roxa, podem ser melhores por apresentarem maior divergência entre si. A técnica de RAPD mostrou-se eficaz na caracterização molecular dos genótipos de cebola, evidenciando que existe variabilidade entre os genótipos estudados.

Respostas neuromusculares dos membros inferiores durante protocolo intermitente de saltos verticais em voleibolistas Neuromuscular responses of the lower limb muscles during vertical jumping in volleyball athletes

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Caroline Tosini Felicissimo

2012-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o desempenho e as respostas eletromiográficas dos músculos Reto Femoral, Bíceps Femoral e Gastrocnêmio Medial durante protocolo de saltos verticais. Participaram 13 voleibolistas do sexo feminino (15,6 ± 0,9 anos. Inicialmente foi realizado um protocolo de potência máxima (três saltos máximos, seguido do protocolo de resistência de saltos (ciclos de três saltos máximos em aproximadamente 10 segundos (s - um salto a cada três s, com recuperação de 15 s. O tempo de duração do protocolo de resistência foi de 20 minutos. Foi usada a técnica do salto com contramovimento sem ajuda dos braços, sobre tapete de contato. Para tratamento dos dados os saltos foram divididos em quatro períodos com 12 ciclos cada um. Os resultados mostraram queda na altura dos saltos de aproximadamente 1,3cm entre os períodos de 1 a 4, sendo que, essa queda foi mais significativa nos 3º e 4º períodos em comparação ao 1º e 2º. Entretanto, com relação às variáveis RMS e FM, não ocorreu alteração nas respostas eletromiográficas entre músculos e períodos. Concluiu-se, assim, que a fadiga pode depender de variáveis psicofisiológicas, ao nível do SNC, que também influem no desempenho.The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance and the electromyographic responses of the muscles Rectus Femoris, Biceps Femoris and Gastrocnemius Medialis during vertical jumping protocol. Participated 13 female volleyball players (15,6 ± 0,9 years. Initially was performed a protocol of maximum power (three maximum jumps, followed by resistance jumps protocol (cycles of three maximum jumps in about 10 seconds (s - one jump every three s, with recovery of 15s. The duration of resistance protocol was 20 minutes. Technique used was countermovement jump without the aid of arms on a mat of contact. The data collected during the jumps were divided into four periods containing 12 cycles each. The results showed a

Estrutura genética de populações de Crinipellis perniciosa e Moniliophthora roreri utilizando marcadores RAPD e SSR

OpenAIRE

Moreira, Ricardo Franco Cunha [UNESP

2006-01-01

Vassoura-de-bruxa e podridão de Moniliophthora, causadas pelos fungos Crinipellis perniciosa e Moniliophthora roreri, respectivamente, são as doenças de maior impacto econômico da cultura do cacau e estão presentes na maioria dos países produtores do Continente Americano. Evidências biológicas e moleculares comprovam que estes fitopatógenos estão intimamente relacionados. O uso de resistência genética através de dones resistentes de cacaueiro, é a medida mais eficiente no controle destas doen...

Efectividad de un protocolo de entrenamiento nórdico sobre la fuerza explosiva en futbolistas del Club Deportivo La Equidad Seguros

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Érica Mabel Mancera-Soto

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción. El entrenamiento nórdico ha sido estudiado para optimizar el gesto deportivo y prevenir lesiones en fútbol. Sin embargo, no se han reportado estudios que evidencien su efectividad sobre la fuerza explosiva del deporte. Objetivo. Determinar la efectividad de un protocolo de entrenamiento nórdico sobre la fuerza explosiva de miembros inferiores en futbolistas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un ensayo controlado y aleatorizado en el que 26 futbolistas masculinos fueron elegidos para hacer parte de un grupo intervención (n=12 y un grupo control (n=14. Al grupo intervención se le aplicó un protocolo de entrenamiento nórdico, mientras que el control realizó un programa de fortalecimiento convencional. Se evaluaron la fuerza explosiva de miembros inferiores, a través del Test de Bosco y Abalakov en una plataforma de salto, y el ángulo de mayor reclutamiento muscular del bíceps femoral durante la ejecución del ejercicio nórdico mediante de electromiografía de superficie. Resultados. Los dos grupos fueron homogéneos. Se evidenció una mejora en los componentes de la fuerza explosiva (p<0.05 para las variables de velocidad de despegue, de reclutamiento motor y de ángulo de registro del pico de reclutamiento motor en el grupo de intervención. Conclusión. La aplicación de un programa de entrenamiento en futbolistas demostró ser efectiva al influir de manera positiva en las variables involucradas en la fuerza explosiva.

Un Protocolo Conversacional de una Entrevista de Corte Policiaco a un Detenido, Difundida en los Medios de Comunicación Masiva

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Vázquez Laslop María Eugenia

2017-01-01

El 30 de agosto de 2010 la Policía Federal mexicana detuvo a uno de los capos del narcotráfico más buscados del momento, Édgar Valdez Villarreal, “La Barbie”. Durante los primeros días de septiembre la Secretaría de Seguridad Pública difundió en los medios de comunicación masiva fragmentos de una entrevista al detenido realizada el 31 de agosto, que seguía un formato en apariencia oficial e institucional. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la entrevista a modo de protocolo en términos ...

Aplicação de protocolo proposto pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária para uso de antibióticos em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso

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Maria Cristina F. Guedes Pinto

2013-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a aplicação de um protocolo proposto pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA para aprimorar o diagnóstico de sepse em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo que avaliou a aplicação de protocolo envolvendo critérios clínicos e laboratoriais (escore hematológico de Rodwell e dosagem seriada da proteína C-reativa, recomendado pela ANVISA, para aprimorar o diagnóstico de sepse neonatal em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso. Participaram do estudo todos os pacientes que nasceram e permaneceram na Unidade Neonatal até a alta ou óbito, e foram excluídos aqueles com doenças congênitas. Os principais desfechos analisados entre os recém-nascidos antes da aplicação do protocolo (2006-2007 e após a aplicação do mesmo (2008 foram as taxas de sepses precoce e tardia, o uso de antimicrobianos e a mortalidade. As médias foram comparadas por meio de teste t e as variáveis categóricas pelo teste Qui-quadrado (χ2; o nível de significância para todos eles foi fixado em 95%. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 136 recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso. Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação às características clínicas gerais nos períodos estudados. Houve, no entanto, redução na quantidade de diagnóstico de sepse precoce provável (p < 0,001, de uso de esquemas antimicrobianos (p < 0,001 e da mortalidade geral e associada à sepse (p = 0,009 e p = 0,049, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização do protocolo permitiu aprimorar o diagnóstico de sepse, reduzindo o diagnóstico de sepse precoce provável, promovendo, desta forma, o uso racional de antimicrobianos na população estudada.

Diseño e implementación de un algoritmo para translación de protocolo entre las normas IEC60870-5-104 y MODBUS TCP/IP

OpenAIRE

Feria Briceño, John Henry; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

2015-01-01

Este artículo muestra los resultados del proceso de diseño, implementación y prueba de un algoritmo para hacer la translación de protocolo entre las normas IEC 60870-5-104 y MODBUS TCP/IP, éste modelo de algoritmos son de amplio uso en los procesos de supervisión y automatización en sub-estaciones eléctricas.

Comprendiendo la aparición de los protocolos sociales en MySpace: impacto y ramificaciones Understanding the Emergence of Social Protocols on MySpace: Impact and its Ramifications

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Hiesun Cecilia Suhr

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años, MySpace ha sido crucial para promover el aumento de los seguidores de músicos independientes y ha representado un papel muy importante a la hora de ayudar a artistas populares a mantener las comunidades de fans. La popularidad de MySpace ha ido acompañada del establecimiento de protocolos sociales que han permitido a los músicos establecer vínculos entre ellos de una manera eficaz y exitosa. Estos protocolos han servido de inspiración para publicar varios libros (como «MySpace Music Profit Monster!: Proven Online Marketing Strategies!» de Nicky Kalliongis con consejos y estrategias para los músicos. Si bien, algunos de estos protocolos pretenden conocer el aspecto tecnológico de MySpace, otros protocolos están directamente relacionados con el aprendizaje de una manera particular de conexión en red a través de MySpace. Además, estas prácticas son consideradas un trabajo serio, ya que requieren mucho tiempo y habilidades de conexión en red para lograr un cierto nivel de éxito, es decir, aumentar el número de amigos en la red personal. Así que, en este artículo, se analizan los protocolos sociales emergentes en MySpace como una forma de trabajo afectivo e inmaterial. La autora sostiene que la implementación de algunos consejos, como los proporcionados por expertos en MySpace, posiblemente pueda tener un efecto regresivo en las prácticas de los músicos en redes sociales, ya que podrían estandarizarizarse y volverse repetitivas. En conjunto, este artículo describe la evolución de My - Space, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la decreciente popularidad del sitio como una tendencia actual.Over the recent years, MySpace has been vital to fostering the growth of independent musicians’ followings and have played critical roles in helping mainstream artists maintain fan communities. The popularity of MySpace has been accompanied by the establishment of social protocols which allow musicians to network with

Concentração eficiente e econômica de caulim para a proteção de algodoeiro contra o bicudo

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Ana Lígia Aureliano de Lima e Silva

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a concentração de caulim mais eficiente e econômica para a proteção de algodoeiro contra os danos causados pelo bicudo-do-algodoeiro (Anthonomus grandis. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos de pulverizações com caulim nas concentrações: 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 g L-1. Determinaram-se os seguintes parâmetros: percentagem de botões florais com orifícios de oviposição por fêmeas do bicudo; resíduos de caulim depositados sobre as folhas e as brácteas do algodoeiro; média da produção; e receita líquida do algodão, por hectare, a partir da pesagem da pluma de algodão com caroço. As percentagens de botões florais com orifício de oviposição variaram de 13,6 a 30,8%; o resíduo médio de caulim depositado nas folhas, de 0,0010 a 0,0034 mg mm-2, e nas brácteas, de 0,0010 a 0,0034 mg mm-2; a produção variou de 348,1 a 717,8 kg ha-1; e a receita líquida de algodão de R$ 1.033,88 a R$ 2.098,86 por hectare. As concentrações de caulim mais eficientes para a proteção de algodoeiro contra o bicudo são as de 60, 80 e 100 g L-1; no entanto, a de 60 g L-1foi a mais econômica.

Métodos, procedimientos y estrategias para memorizar: reflexiones necesarias para la actividad de estudio eficiente

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Modesta López Mejías

Full Text Available El desarrollo de la actividad de estudio a partir de niveles de eficiencia cada vez mayores constituye un requisito indispensable para el tránsito de los estudiantes por la Educación Superior. De igual forma representa un reto para los docentes en el diseño del proceso enseñanza- aprendizaje. En este empeño es necesario prestar atención a los métodos, procedimientos y estrategias que permitan al estudiante la adopción de una posición reflexiva e independiente en la búsqueda del conocimiento, su actualización y aplicación en la diversidad de tareas de estudio que como parte de su formación integral deben realizar. En ello resulta importante el análisis de las vías que favorecen un mejor funcionamiento de la memoria como proceso cognoscitivo fundamental. El presente artículo ofrece elementos teóricos y metodológicos esenciales que pueden servir de guía a docentes y estudiantes en la regulación y autorregulación de los procesos mnémicos desde la perspectiva del estudio eficiente, aspectos que no siempre son valorados en correspondencia con los aportes teóricos existentes.

Identificação molecular de isolados de fungos de interesse médico por meio de marcadores RAPD - doi: 10.5102/ucs.v8i2.1110

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Anabele Azevedo Lima

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Aspergillus e Penicillium são microrganismos capazes de provocar complicações clínicas consideráveis principalmente em pacientes imunossuprimidos. A análise molecular é uma estratégia importante para a identificação rápida e precisa desses agentes patogênicos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever padrões de marcadores RAPD específicos para a identificação de isolados de Aspergillus e Penicillium causadores de doenças de interesse médico. A análise morfológica revelou que 14 isolados eram do gênero Aspergillus, 7 eram Penicillium, 1 correspondente a Fusarium e um isolado não foi identificado. A análise por RAPD com dez iniciadores produziram fragmentos de DNA característicos para cada gênero. O dendrograma revelou grupos de isolados dentro de cada gênero de fungo de acordo com perfis de marcadores específicos, identificando isolados muito semelhantes que apresentaram alto coeficiente de similaridade. Esses dados fornecem opções para o desenvolvimento de oligonucleotídios de PCR para a identificação específica de isolados específicos ocorrendo no ambiente médico-hospitalar.

Régimen jurídico de la gestión de los cursos de agua compartidos en la región de la comunidad para el desarrollo del Africa Austral (SADC

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Eduardo Chiziane

2013-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se da cuenta de la Comunidad para el Desarrollo del África Austral (SADC, por sus siglas en inglés; del régimen jurídico de la gestión de cursos de agua compartidos en ese ámbito espacial; y de la responsabilidad por los daños al medio ambiente en el Protocolo Revisado sobre Cursos de Agua Compartidos para esa región.Partiendo de la situación de especial vulnerabilidad a los impactos ambientales negativos que sufre Mozambique, como resultante de las actividades socio-económicas que, sobre los cursos de agua que comparte con los países vecinos, realizan éstos, integrantes todos de la SADC, con el objetivo de lograr una gestión más eficiente de esos recursos hídricos se propone introducir en  el Protocolo que los regula, el principio contaminador-pagador (PCP consagrado hace ya casi tres décadas, en la Cumbre de la Tierra, con un propósito esencialmente preventivo pero también de redistribución de los costos de la contaminación y de reparación de los daños causados. 

Caracterização molecular e variabilidade genética de acessos elite de mandioca para fins industriais Molecular characterization and genetic variability of elite cassava accessions for industrial purpose

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Eduardo Alano Vieira

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Marcadores moleculares são ferramentas úteis na caracterização molecular de acessos de mandioca, em razão de apresentarem elevada capacidade de detecção das informações contidas no genoma. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar, por meio de marcadores RAPD, 20 acessos de mandioca para fins industriais conservados no Banco Regional de Germoplasma de Mandioca do Cerrado (BGMC. Em laboratório, os acessos foram avaliados por meio de marcadores RAPD, sendo posteriormente estimada a matriz de similaridade genética entre os acessos, por meio do índice de Jaccard. A análise, feita através de 11 iniciadores, gerou um total de 120 marcadores RAPD, dos quais 74 (62% foram polimórficos, revelando a presença de elevada variabilidade genética no grupo de acessos avaliados. A análise de agrupamento revelou a formação de apenas um agrupamento forte, formado pelos acessos BGMC 1130, BGMC 788, BGMC 1270 e BGMC 1107, o que indica que, no melhoramento genético de mandioca, não devem ser priorizadas hibridações entre esses acessos, sob pena de efeitos de endogamia. Por sua vez, o acesso BGMC 436 foi o mais divergente em relação aos demais e, como expressa elevado potencial produtivo na região do Cerrado do Brasil Central, representa boa opção como genitor para o melhoramento de mandioca para essa região. O estudo comprovou que os marcadores RAPD são eficientes na determinação da variabilidade genética dos acessos avaliados e que neste grupo existe elevada variabilidade genética passível de ser utilizada no melhoramento genético.Molecular markers are useful tools for the molecular characterization of cassava accessions since they present high capacity to detect information within the genome. The aim of this research was to characterize through RAPD molecular markers, 20 industrial cassava accessions conserved in the Cerrado Cassava Regional Germoplasm Bank ("Banco Regional de Germoplasma de Mandioca do Cerrado"-BGMC. Upon

Differential survival of mosquitofish exposed to radionuclides is dependent on RAPD genotype

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theodorakis, C.W.; Shugart, L.R.

1995-01-01

In previous studies, it was found that certain RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were present at higher frequencies in radionuclide-contaminated mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) populations than in reference populations. These markers will be referred to as contaminant specific markers. In the present study, fish with and without these markers were collected from non-contaminated populations and exposed in situ to radionuclides by caging them in one of the contaminated sites. Forty fish were exposed for 1--6 weeks, after which the survivors were collected and DNA was extracted for genotypic analysis. In one experiment, the frequencies of contaminant specific markers in the survivors were compared to the frequencies of these markers in the native contaminated and uncontaminated (the source of the caged fish) populations. It was found that the genotypic distributions were more similar to the native contaminated population. In another experiment, samples of caudal fin tissue were collected for DNA extraction before and after placing fish in the cages, in order to compare survival rates of different genotypes. It was found that fish with the contaminant indicative bands had higher percent survival than the other fish. Experiments are underway or are being planned in order to determine the molecular identity of these bands and the ecological significance of altered band frequencies in hopes of developing population-level biomarkers of contaminant exposure and ecological affects

Genetic Diversity in Haploid Nicotiana alata Induced by Gamma Irradiation, Salt Tolerance and Detection of These Differences by RAPD

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Ayman EL-FIKI

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Haploid plants of Nicotiana alata were cultured in vitro on MS medium with IAA + KIN. The resulting plantlets were irradiated using gamma radiation doses of 10, 15, 20 and 25 Gy. Single node pieces were cut and transferred onto fresh MS medium. Gamma radiation doses caused the death of 9% and up to 28% of explants. NaCl concentrations caused the death of 8% up to 36% of explants, while the combined effect between gamma radiation doses and salinity had an impact suffused on the percentage of survival. The combined effect of gamma radiation doses 20 Gy and 25 Gy on NaCl concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mM were deadly. Even more, the combined effect of gamma radiation doses and salinity had a severe negative impact on both the proline content and total soluble protein. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD analysis was used to determine the degree of genetic variation in treated haploid Nicotiana alata plants. Total genomic DNAs from different haploid plantlets treated were amplified using five arbitrary primers. Two hundred and seventy bands were detected from plantlets irradiated with doses of 15, 20 and 25 Gy, with polymorphic band number 226 (83.7%. The total number of bands resulted from plant grew on 150 mM and 200 mM NaCl were 260 bands with polymorphic bands 185 (85.6%. However, the total number of bands produced from combined effects between gamma rays and salinity (20 Gy X 50 mM NaCl, 20 Gy X 100 mM NaCl and 25 Gy X 50 mM NaCl were 270, with polymorphic band number 231 (85.5%. High similarity between treatments was revealed. Treatments relationships were estimated through cluster analysis (UPGMA based on RAPD data.

Genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio bloch) as revealed by RAPD assays.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, L; Wang, Y; Gui, J F

2000-11-01

Sex evolution has been a debating focus in evolutionary genetics. In lower vertebrates of reptiles, amphibians, and fish, a species or a bioform reproduces either sexually or asexually but never both. A few species were found to consist of all females in fish. These all-female species can propagate by asexual reproduction modes, such as gynogenesis and hybridogenesis. However, the coexistence of sexuality and asexuality in a single species was recently noted only in a cyprinid fish silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio. This fish had been demonstrated to be capable of gynogenesis stimulated by sperm from other related species. Surprisingly, natural populations of this fish consist of a minor but significant portion (approx. 20%) of males. As different clones with specific phenotypic and genetic characteristics have been found, and RAPD markers specific to each clone have recently been identified, this fish offers many advantages for analyzing whether or not genetic recombination occurs between different clones. In this study, artificial propagation was performed in clone F and clone D. Ovulated eggs from clone F were divided into two parts and respectively inseminated with sperm from a clone D male and from a red common carp (Cyprinus carpio) male. The control clone D individuals were selected from gynogenetic offspring of clone D activated by sperm of red common carp. The phenotype and sex ratio in the experimental groups were also observed. Using RAPD molecular markers, which allow for reliable discrimination and genetic analysis of different clones, we have revealed direct molecular evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp and confirmed a previous hypothesis that the silver crucian carp might reproduce both gynogenetically and gonochoristically. Therefore, we conclude that the silver crucian carp possesses two reproductive modes, i.e., gynogenetic and gonochoristic reproduction. The response mechanism of two

Efeito de diferentes protocolos de arrefecimento e embalagem com distintas misturas de atmosfera protectora na vida útil de costeletas de borrego de leite

OpenAIRE

Severo, Ana Filipa Macedo

2011-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária Ao longo dos anos têm sido efectuados diversos estudos na área de tecnologia alimentar, com o intuito do desenvolvimento de técnicas de prolongamento da vida útil dos produtos alimentares facilmente perecíveis, como a carne. Neste trabalho, foi avaliada a vida útil das costeletas de borrego de leite (IGP-Lechazo de Castilla e Léon) provenientes de carcaças sujeitas a dois protocolos diferentes de arrefecimento pós abate (convenciona...

Retos en el cumplimiento del protocolo de Palermo. Estudio de caso: trata de personas con fines de explotación sexual en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Arévalo Beltrán, Laura Ximena

2016-01-01

El presente estudio de caso tiene como objetivo analizar los retos frente al cumplimiento del Protocolo de Palermo, en materia de explotación sexual, en el Sistema Institucional Colombiano, durante el período comprendido entre los años 2003 y 2014. De manera preliminar se indica que dichos retos son político-jurídicos en cuanto a la manera en la que se cumplen los tratados internacionales, las obligaciones derivadas de ellos y quiénes tienen competencia para desarrollar los mandatos contenido...

Assessment of genetic diversity among moderately drought tolerant landraces of rice using RAPD markers

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Md. Shariful Islam

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Genetic diversity and relationships among six rice genotypes were investigated using five random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD markers. A total of 69 alleles were amplified, of which 66 were polymorphic. The size of the amplified alleles was between 0.25 and 2.35 kbp. The number of polymorphic alleles detected with each primer ranged from 7 to 24 with an average of 13.2 per primer and the polymorphism information content (PIC values varied from 0.8672 to 0.9471. Pair-wise similarity estimated the range of 0.308 to 0.718 among all the genotypes and the highest genetic similarity was found between Maloti and BRRI dhan53. Cluster analysis using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages revealed three clusters at genetic similarity of 46%. A moderately drought tolerant landrace, Boalia, formed a single cluster and the remaining genotypes grouped into distinct clusters based on their relatedness. The results showed a high level of genetic diversity among studied genotypes and this information will assist in conservation as well as selection of parents during breeding programs for the development of drought tolerant rice varieties in near future.

Apicectomía quirúrgica: propuesta de un protocolo basado en la evidencia Surgical apicoectomy: proposed evidence-based protocol

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Víctor Gómez-Carrillo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Diversos refinamientos de la técnica quirúrgica de apicectomía han propiciado que su tasa de éxito haya aumentado de modo considerable. Se revisa la bibliografía científica para determinar cuáles de estos procedimientos son superiores. Se realiza un protocolo que aúna racionalmente esas técnicas, con lo que así se optimiza el resultado final de la intervención.Diverse refinements of the apicoectomy surgical technique have considerably increased the success rate of the procedure. The scientific literature was reviewed to identify the most relevant procedures for the final outcome of surgery. A protocol was prepared to facilitate the rational selection of technique, thus optimizing the surgical outcome.

Análisis de programas sobre estufas eficientes de cocción con leña: estudio de caso en dos comunidades de la Huasteca Potosina

OpenAIRE

Rentería Guzmán, Yei Jazmín

2011-01-01

El uso de biocombustibles para cocinar provoca una serie de problemáticas a la salud de los individuos y del ecosistema. Debido a esta problemática se han diseñado diferentes estrategias y tecnologías como las denominadas estufas eficientes ya que son en el corto plazo una opción para las familias que dependen de los combustibles sólidos. Sin embargo, los diferentes proyectos encargados en diseminar este tipo de tecnologías han experimentado diferentes limitaciones por una serie de fac...

Institucionalidad en torno a los mercados de carbono y los mecanismos de flexibilización derivados del Protocolo de Kioto

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Piedad Patricia Restrepo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta un acercamiento a las instituciones y regulaciones derivadas de la UNFCCC y el Protocolo de Kioto. Se analiza el comportamiento de los mercados de reducción de emisiones en sus ya casi tres años de funcionamiento, especialmente la inestabilidad de los precios en los diversos mercados europeos y su relación con los CER, estos últimos emitidos gracias a los proyectos provenientes del Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio (MDL desarrollados en los países en vías de desarrollo. Se establecen los alcances y limitaciones del MDL y finalmente se concluye acerca de las perspectivas de estos mercados y sus oportunidades.

Monitorização hemodinâmica invasiva a beira do leito: avaliação e protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem Monitorización hemodinámica invasiva a la cabecera del paciente: evaluación y protocolo del cuidado de enfermeria Invasive hemodynamic monitoring at bedside: nursing evaluation and nursing care protocol

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Carla Cristina de Souza Ramos

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Pesquisa-ação que objetivou estabelecer os parâmetros de avaliação clínica necessários ao paciente submetido à monitorização hemodinâmica pelo Cateter de Artéria Pulmonar (CAP e construir um Protocolo de Cuidados de Enfermagem ao paciente grave e de risco em uso do cateter com os enfermeiros da UTI geral de um hospital público de Santa Catarina. A população se constituiu em uma amostra não probabilística intencional de 5 enfermeiros e utilizou para coleta de dados reuniões de grupo e questionário. O estudo é apresentado mediante estatística descritiva e análises qualitativas das questões subjetivas. Conclui-se que os critérios de avaliação clínica necessários ao paciente submetido à monitorização hemodinâmica se constituem em parâmetros invasivos e não invasivos e que o protocolo fundamenta a tomada de decisão clínica para o cuidado do paciente em uso do Cateter de Artéria Pulmonar.Se trata de una Investigación-acción que tuvo como objetivo establecer los parámetros de evaluación clínica necesarios para el paciente sometido a monitorización hemodinámica por el Catéter de Arteria Pulmonar (CAP y construir un Protocolo de Cuidados de Enfermería para el paciente grave y de riesgo en el uso del catéter, con los enfermeros de una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI general de un hospital público de Santa Catarina. La población se constituyó en una muestra no probabilística intencional de 5 enfermeros, utilizándose para la recolección de datos reuniones de grupo y un cuestionario. El estudio se presenta por medio de estadística descriptiva y de análisis cualitativo de las preguntas subjetivas. Se concluye que los criterios de evaluación clínica necesarios para el paciente sometido a monitorización hemodinámica se constituyen en parámetros invasivos y no invasivos y que el protocolo fundamenta la toma de decisión clínica para el cuidado del paciente que usa el CAP.This research-action type

Cambio climático y protocolo de Kioto. Ciencia y estrategias: compromisos para España

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Federico Velázquez de Castro González

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta el cambio climático como el principal problema ambiental de nuestro tiempo. Consecuencia del llamado efecto invernadero, el cambio climático es provocado por determinados gases cuyas concentraciones atmosféricas crecen con perfil exponencial. Sus consecuencias se dejarán sentir en toda la biosfera, desde los fenómenos meteorológicos al ser humano, creando un panorama incierto que exigirá una rápida adaptación de todas las especies. No es, sin embargo, un proceso irreversible por lo que la actuación es posible y necesaria, combinando la educación y las medidas legislativas, manifestadas en los plazos y cantidades establecidas por el Protocolo de Kioto de 1997. España será uno de los países más afectados y por ello su estrategia puede suponer un instrumento valioso que corrija las desviaciones producidas y contribuya al urgente control de las emisiones globales.

AVALIAÇÃO DE INICIADORES E PROTOCOLO PARA O DIAGNÓSTICO DA PANCITOPENIA TROPICAL CANINA POR PCR

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Daniel C. L. Linhares

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de padronizar um protocolo para a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR e selecionar oligonucleotídeos iniciadores para a detecção específica de Ehrlichia canis, em uma única etapa de reação. Inicialmente foram obtidas seqüências depositadas no Genbank, referentes ao gene que codifica o 16S rRNA das espécies E. canis (número de acesso = AF162860, E. ewingii (U96436, E. platys (AF1567844, E. chaffeensis, (U86665, E. phagocytophila genogrupo (U02521, E. bovis (AF294789 e E. risticii (M21290, as quais foram submetidas ao alinhamento genético para a construção dos iniciadores. Do alinhamento foi selecionado, a partir de uma região semiconservada, um iniciador específico para E. canis, designado EBR1 (5’-cctctggctataggaaattg- 3’ e, de uma região conservada, um iniciador genérico EBR5 (5’-ggagtgcttaacgcgttag- 3’. Paralelamente foram obtidas amostras de sangue de dez cães que apresentavam infecção aguda por E. canis, confirmado pela presença de mórulas intracitoplasmáticas, características da riquétsia, em células mononucleares sangüíneas. O DNA genômico extraído dessas amostras foi utilizado para a avaliação da reação de PCR, empregando-se um protocolo adaptado de outros autores e o par de oligos EBR1/EBR5, selecionado neste trabalho. A reação de PCR apresentou resultados positivos para os 10 isolados de E. canis, amplificando o fragmento esperado de 765 pares de bases do gene 16S rRNA. Resultados negativos verificados nas reações de PCR para amostras de DNA genômico de Babesia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Haemobartonella sp., Trypanosoma evansi e do hospedeiro (Canis familiaris livre de infecção indicaram a segurança do método quanto à especificidade para a discriminação de E. canis. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cães, Ehrlichia canis, erliquiose canina, hemoparasitose, reação em cadeia da polimerase

Método Taguchi para optimizar marcadores RAPD-PCR y determinar diversidad genética: un modelo, la tortuga cabezona Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae

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Julio Martínez-Ortega

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Implementation of Taguchi method to optimize RAPD-PCR Markers for determining the genetic diversity: an example the loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Testudines:Cheloniidae. DNA was isolated from Caretta caretta two zone of the Colombian Caribbean (Don Diego N=5 and Rosario Islands N=3 and quantified it. Was applied a Taguchi orthogonal matriz of four variables to standardize RAPD-PCR reaction. The data were analyzed with the program PopGen. The conditions were standardized to 7.85 ng/ml of DNA, 3.5 mM MgCl2, 200 mM dNTP's, 0.5 mM oligonucleotide and one unit of Taq DNA polymerase in a final reaction volume of 20 ml. Thermocycling conditions initiated at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 40 cycles of: 94°C for 40 s, 37°C for 40 s and 72°C for 90 s. The markers were recorded in a binary matrix of presence (1 and absence (0, and as a model example of genetic diversity was determined using the Shannon index (H '= 0.44 + / -0.27 individuals and Don Diego H '= 0.25 + / -0.32 for Isla del Rosario, the average rate of genetic structure (Gst=0.27 and the effective migration rate (Nm=1.28. Methodology was standardized using Taguchi method that produces bands of light, legible and reproducible that can be used as a reliable alternative for studies of genetic diversity in the loggerhead turtle and other species, and further, integrate them into the curriculum of molecular biology and/or biochemistry for undergraduate and graduate students.

[Genetic diversity and subdivision parameters of Colias crocea Fourc. and C. erate Esp. (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in Crimea according to allozyme and RAPD-PCR analyses].

Science.gov (United States)

Milovanov, A E; Simchuk, A P

2008-01-01

Some parameters of genetic diversity and subdivision were tested in syntopic Crimean populations of two species of the sulfur butterllies, Colias crocea Fourc. and C. erate Esp. by allozyme and RAPD-PCR analyses. Genetic diversity in each of the species compared appeared to be approximately equal: the portion of polimorphic loci P95 (99) is 67% for C. crocea and is 61% for C. erate. Paratypic forms of both species do not differ from nominative ones by parameters of genetic diversity. The mean expected heterozygosities (H'(e)) in the C. crocea, C. erate and their paratypic forms by the RAPD-PCD data are 24.3 +/- 4.4%, 21.7 +/- 4.2%, 26.4 +/- 4.1%, respectively. The observed heterozygosities by the allozyme data in other samples are considerably less than theoretically expected ones (H(o) = 15.6 +/- 3.3%, H(e) = 50.5 +/- 4.5% for C. crocea; H(o) = 17.95 +/- 6.15%, H(e) = 50.8 +/- 8% for C. erate, and H(o) = 24.2 +/- 7.5%, H(e) = 50.9 +/- 8.7% for paratypic forms, respectively). The mean observed heterozygosity in the paratypic forms of C. erate (f. androconiata, f. chrysodona, f. edusoides) is almost two times higher than that of the f. chlorodona and f. eratoides. Paratypic forms of both species differ from nominative ones (particularly from that of C. crocea) by the level of intrapopulation inbreeding and by the degree of gene flow (F = 0.691 for C. crocea, 0.646 for C. erate, and 0.524 for paratypic forms). One can suppose a significant gene exchange among adjacent populations of C. crocea and C. erate (Wright's F(ST) = 0.155 for 6 allozyme and 18 RAPD loci, Nm = 1.363). Nei's similarity coefficients (S) varies from 0.7554 among nominative C. crocea and C. erate (D(N) = 0.28) to 0.8092 among C. crocea and paratypic forms (D = 0.21) and to 0.8936 among C. erate and paratypic forms of both species (D(N) = 0.11). Paratypic forms with rounded valve margin preliminarily identified as C. crocea revealed a considerable degree of similarity to the paratypic forms of C

RAPD-based genotyping of Malassezia pachydermatis from Domestic and wild animals

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Franciele Cristina Kagueyama

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Malassezia pachydermatis (M. pachydermatis is a fungus of importance in human and veterinary medicine. Although a part of the normal microbiota, it can sometimes be present in its pathogenic form, particularly causing otitis and dermatitis in animals. Among human beings, it mainly affects immune compromised patients and newborns, causing simple pustulosis, seborrheic dermatitis, tinea versicolor or fungemia. This study aimed to analyze the genomic polymorphism in M. pachydermatis samples isolated from Canis familiaris (domestic dog, Felis catus (domestic cat, and Myrmecophaga tridactyla (giant anteater. Two hundred and fourteen samples were collected and cultured in Sabouraud agar with chloranphenicol (100mg L-1 and incubated at 37 °C for a period of 7 to 10 days. One hundred and sixty six samples that appeared morphologically comparable to yeast cultures were processed for DNA extraction and PCR was performed for a specific region in the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS of M. pachydermatis. Among these, seven (4.21% were negative and 159 (95.79% were positive. Of the 159 positive samples, 102 (64.15% were from animals with clinical signs and 57 (35.85% without clinical signs. Fifty-seven samples were selected at random for RAPD-PCR based genotyping and distributed into four genetic groups. Types I and II were more frequent in animals with clinical signs while type III was frequent in healthy animals. Type IV occurred evenly across animals with or without clinical signs. These results indicate differences in pathogenicity of the fungus based on the genotype.