Media as the mechanism behind structural coupling and the evolution of the mind

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tække, Jesper

Luhmann (2002, 275), in his introduction to the systems theory, explicitly writs, that language is the mechanism behind the structural coupling between psychic – and social systems. This paper, in its first part, provides an interpretative and selective presentation of Luhmann’s argumentation...

"Integrative Social Robotics"

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Seibt, Johanna

2016-01-01

-theoretic research in the Humanities, the Social Sciences, and the Human Sciences. The resulting paradigm is user-driven design writ large: research, design, and development of social robotics applications are guided—with multiple feedback—by the reflected normative preferences of a cultural community....

Modification of Propellant Binder Network for Improvement of Mechanical Properties

Science.gov (United States)

1984-12-01

skeletal atoms) is more beneficial than 22 mole % of the shorter PEG 3350 (230 skeletal atoms) or 25 mole % of shorter PCP 0260 (180 skeletal atoms). One...of the reasons may be that a higher degree of strain-induced crystalliza- tion of PEG 8000 occurs compared with PEG 3350 or PCP 0260. 4.8 Effect of...prepolymer rubbers. Also, the stress capability of the cured rubbers is improved compared to the long chain prepolymer rubbers. Polyethylene glycol 8000 ( PEG

21. Politik Pangan: Hegemoni Komoditas Pertanian Genetically Modified Organisms Amerika Serikat Di Dunia Tahun 2011-2014

OpenAIRE

Marwan, Faiz Balya; Susiatiningsih, Hermini; Putranti, Ika Riswanti

2016-01-01

Food sector particularly agricultural commodities is important for a country. Import is oneof the policy when there is food scarcity. The US is one of the importers of foodcommodities. Interesting to study US agricultural commodities given the GeneticallyModified Organisms which is still a debate about food safety. The research objective wasto determine the disclosure of US GMO agricultural commodities and whether USAIDbecame a tool of US hegemony to 41 countries in 2011-2014. This study uses...

Functional interaction between beta-catenin and FOXO in oxidative stress signaling

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Essers, MAG; de Vries-Smits, LMM; Barker, N; Polderman, PE; Burgering, BMT; Korswagen, HC

2005-01-01

β-Catenin is a multifunctional protein that mediates Writ signaling by binding to members of the T cell factor (TCF) family of transcription factors. Here, we report an evolutionarily conserved interaction of β-catenin with FOXO transcription factors, which are regulated by insulin and oxidative

A Market Failure Perspective on Value Creation in PSM

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berg, Christian Edelvold; Lowe, Gregory Ferrell; Lund, Anker Brink

2014-01-01

Public service media is present in most countries because public intervention of this kind compensates market-failure by providing merit goods that are not provided by commercial players to the public writ large. Nonetheless, PSM is often regarded as a negative for private media providers...

State Constitution Revision: An Exercise in Federalism and Sovereignty.

Science.gov (United States)

Myers, J. A.

1988-01-01

Discusses classroom activities designed to enhance student learning about federalism and sovereignty. Describes classroom discussions on jurisdiction, federalism, and sovereignty generated by asking students to clarify the constitutional section referring to the Writ of Habeas Corpus. Concludes that this exercise clarifies the concepts and…

Analisis Pengaruh Tax Avoidance Terhadap Cost of Debt Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Selama Periode 2010–2014

OpenAIRE

Santosa, Janice Ekasanti; Kurniawan, Heni

2016-01-01

Cost of debt borne by the company set by creditors based on how managementmanages the company. Effective and efficient management related to the way themanagement to increase revenue and suppress the load to obtain the maximum profit. Oneof the expense to be managed is the tax expense. Tax savings that they comply with the provisions of taxation known as tax avoidance. This study aims to reexamine the influenceof tax avoidance on the cost of debt on companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exc...

28 CFR 527.31 - Procedures.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Procedures. 527.31 Section 527.31 Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INMATE ADMISSION, CLASSIFICATION, AND TRANSFER TRANSFERS Transfer of Inmates to State Agents for Production on State Writs § 527.31 Procedures...

28 CFR 527.30 - Purpose and scope.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 28 Judicial Administration 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Purpose and scope. 527.30 Section 527.30 Judicial Administration BUREAU OF PRISONS, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE INMATE ADMISSION, CLASSIFICATION, AND TRANSFER TRANSFERS Transfer of Inmates to State Agents for Production on State Writs § 527.30 Purpose and...

Ivan Karlov’s “Tsaritsyn Anabasis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matvei I. Davydov

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This paper acquaints the historians with a curious incident that took place in Suzdal in 1674. The present case surprisingly resembles a well-known plot twist of Jaroslav Hašek’s novel The Fateful Adventures of the Good Soldier Švejk During the World War – so called “Budějovice anabasis”, the protagonist’s epic grueling trek around Southern Czechia in the search for his regiment, which billeted in Budějovice. But if Švejk, despite all the vicissitudes, finally managed to achieve the ultimate objective successfully, Suzdal resident Ivan Karlov – a troublemaker and drunkard, sentenced to exile by local writ office and driven out from the city under the supervision of two constables to Tsaritsyn – conversely, some time later all of a sudden returned back to Suzdal teamwise with the convoy. The analysis of that episode revealed two facts worth mentioning. First of all, Suzdal writ office had a decentralized organizational structure: voyevoda’s court was located within the city whilst minor clerks worked apart from him at the Intercession of Theotokos convent. And secondly, it should be emphasized that for much of the 17th century not the voyevoda himself but the convent’s external administrator played the leading role in the writ office’s business routine. Expectedly, the functioning of the named governmental institution had been directly and very adversely affected by both those peculiarities, and only the nuns at the Intercession of Theotokos convent gained an advantage from that extraordinary situation. The publication of primary historical sources describing Ivan Karlov’s banishment complements the study.

Business models for Serious Games developers - transition from a product centric to a service centric approach

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hauge, Jannicke Baalsrud; Wiesner, Stefan; Sanchez, Rosa Garcia

2014-01-01

In the context of the serious games industry, up to now the most commonly used business models (BM) among developers representing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) consists in offering an individual product to the customer, based on tailored one-of a kind production. Such production has high...... application fields of SG, before it presents two examples of a successful transition towards a service oriented BM within the same fields Based on this, it finally discusses the opportunities and the threats of using such BMs for SG developers....

Utredning av solenergi för drivning av sorptiv kylprocess för inomhusluften på Stockholmsarenan

OpenAIRE

Wallin, Erik

2011-01-01

Cooling down the indoor air can be done in several ways. One way is desiccantcooling which will be used at the Stockholm Arena. This method is used in airhandling units that use temperature changes and moisture fluctuations in the air. Oneof the steps is to add heat during the cooling process in order to reduce the relativehumidity of the exhaust air. The air passes thru an adsorptions rotor which thenabsorbs moisture from the supply air. This results in the closing stages that the supplyair ...

Polyrhythmic communicational devices appear as languagein the brains of musicians

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vuust, Peter; Østergaard, Leif; Roepstorff, Andreas

2006-01-01

The relationship between music and language has been oneof the most fiercely debated subjects in the modern literatureof neuroscience and music. In this paper we argue thata musicological study of the online communication betweenjazz musicians in combination with brain imaging studiesoffers...... a unique setting to evaluate communicational aspectsof music practices that rarely enters the present discourseon the subject. We employ Miles Davis' quintet of the1960es and its use of polyrhythmic structures as a generalexample of a jazz group focusing on communication. First,we consider jazz...

Mapping Everyday: Gender, Blackness, and Discourse in Urban Contexts

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, L. Hill, Jr.; Helfenbein, Robert J.

2009-01-01

This article argues that by using theories of the spatial to understand how situated materiality (i.e., place) and contestations of identity matter when conceiving global and curricular space, educators may interrupt and rearticulate practices and systems of oppression. By focusing on globalization writ large, there is danger of leaving important…

Explaining the Effects of Communities of Pastoral Care for Students

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Joseph; Holste, Linda

2016-01-01

This article explains how communities of pastoral care work. It presents an empirically forged theory in action. We examined theoretical and empirical work across the targeted area of personalization for students. We also completed what Hallinger (2012) refers to as "exhaustive review" of the field of school improvement writ large. We…

Music as Transitional Object and Practice: Children's Spontaneous Musical Behaviors in the Subway

Science.gov (United States)

Custodero, Lori A.; Calì, Claudia; Diaz-Donoso, Adriana

2016-01-01

This study looks at children's music making in a public setting designed for society writ large. Although known to most children in the city, the subway presents a unique environment, both structurally predictable yet sonically dynamic; it is in continuous transition. Adopting Winnicott's psychoanalytical perspective, we make a case for viewing…

3 CFR 13492 - Executive Order 13492 of January 22, 2009. Review and Disposition of Individuals Detained At the...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Commissions Act of 2006, Public Law 109-366, as well as of the military commission process more generally. Sec... laws of the United States of America, in order to effect the appropriate disposition of individuals... have the constitutional privilege of the writ of habeas corpus. Most of those individuals have filed...

Domestic Temporalities: Sensual Patterning in Persian Migratory ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In this paper, we argue that these intimate practices have references beyond their domestic dimensions, for they point to a worldly movement of life writ domestically small. It is via a sensory network that the spatially and temporally disparate worlds of homeland and new homes are remembered and forgotten, and where ...

Pop / Tõnu Kaalep

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaalep, Tõnu, 1966-2018

2008-01-01

Uutest heliplaatidest Morcheeba "Dive Deep", Mary J Blige "Growing Pains", Black Mountain "In The Future", Kelis "The Hits", El Perro Del Mar "From The Valley To The Stars", British Sea Power "Do You Like Rock Music?", The Cardigans "Best Of", cass mcCombs "Dropping the Writ".Stephen Malkmus " The Jiks "Real Emotional Trash"

Kontserdipeegel : ERSO, Nordic Voices ja NYYD Ensemble / Igor Garshnek

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Garšnek, Igor, 1958-

1999-01-01

22. sept. Estonia kontserdisaalis toimunud ERSO kontserdist. Kavas Debussy "Fauni pärastlõuna", R.Straussi Oboekontsert ja F.Mendelssohni 4. sümfoonia. 24. sept. Estonia kontserdisaalis toimunud ans. Nordic Voices kontserdist. ETV suures stuudios toimunud multimeediaetendusest. Kavas M.Nymani "Letters, Riddles & Writs" ja L.Andriesseni "M is for Man, Music, Mozart"

Lobengula of Matabeleland

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Sports, and Culture. He is a well-known commentator in the city, and has writ- ten extensively on Ndebele history. Significant for Nyathi's historical texts are that they ..... to different persons. In Nyathi's representation, Mzilikazi is the deciding and acting agent, in the three other accounts agency is mainly ascribed to Shaka.

The ARL 2030 Scenarios: A User's Guide for Research Libraries

Science.gov (United States)

Association of Research Libraries, 2010

2010-01-01

This user's guide was developed to advance local planning at ARL member libraries. It is written for library leaders writ large and for anyone leading or contributing to research library planning processes. Users do not need advanced facilitation skills to benefit from this guide, but facilitators charged with supporting scenario planning will…

Pentecostal Millenarianism and Underdevelopment in Africa | Anah ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

There is the cultural imperialism thesis, which claims the 'Americanization' of the Christian religion in Africa and the World writ large. This paper extends the perspective of these debates. It contends that the capability to create health and wealth is removed from the individual and domiciled at the spiritual realm. This impacts ...

35 seasons of US antarctic meteorites (1976-2010) a pictorial guide to the collection

CERN Document Server

Righter, Kevin; McCoy, Timothy; Harvey, Ralph; Harvey, Ralph

2014-01-01

The US Antarctic meteorite collection exists due to a cooperative program involving the National Science Foundation (NSF), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Smithsonian Institution.  Since 1976, meteorites have been collected by a NSF-funded field team, shipped for curation, characterization, distribution, and storage at NASA, and classified and stored for long term at the Smithsonian.  It is the largest collection in the world with many significant samples including lunar, martian, many interesting chondrites and achondrites, and even several unusual one-of-

How much does it cost to look like a pig in a wild boar group?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Batocchio, Daniele; Iacolina, Laura; Canu, Antonio

2017-01-01

Hybridization between domestic and wild species is known to widely occur and it is reported to be oneof the major causes of the current biodiversity crisis. Despite this, poor attention has been deserved tothe behavioural ecology of hybrids, in particular in relation to their social behaviour. We...... carried out acamera trap study to assess whether phenotypically anomalous colouration in wild boar, i.e. potentiallyintrogressed with domestic pigs, affected the hierarchical structure of wild boar social groups. Chromat-ically anomalous wild boars (CAWs) were detected in 32 out of 531 wild boar videos...

Education, Schooling, and Children's Rights: The Complexity of Homeschooling

Science.gov (United States)

Kunzman, Robert

2012-01-01

By blurring the distinction between formal school and education writ large, homeschooling both highlights and complicates the tensions among the interests of parents, children, and the state. In this essay, Robert Kunzman argues for a modest version of children's educational rights, at least in a legal sense that the state has the duty and…

Beyond naturalness: Adapting wilderness stewardship to an era of rapid global change

Science.gov (United States)

David N. Cole

2012-01-01

Climate change and its effects are writ large across wilderness landscapes. They always have been and always will be (see Figure 1). But contemporary change is different. For the first time, the pace and direction of climate change appear to be driven significantly by human activities (IPCC 2007), and this change is playing out across landscapes already affected by...

INSURER SEQUESTRATION OF THE DEBTOR’S IMMOVABLE PROPERTY IN BUSINESS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

NICOLAE GRADINARU

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Insurer sequestration is the insurance measure that the creditor resorts to and that is applicable if the object of the litigation is the payment of a sum of money and that consists of the unavailability of the debtor-defendant’s sequestrable movable or immovable property, until the final (irrevocable decision given in the main trial in order to profit from the property when the creditor will obtain a writ of execution. In this regard, there are the provisions of Article 591 paragraph 1 thesis I of the Civil Procedure Code: “A creditor who does not have the writ of execution, but whose claim is proven by written act and is exigible, may request the setting up of an insurer sequestration of the debtor’s movable and immovable property, if he proves that he took legal action”. Thus, the provisions of article 907 are understood by reference to the provisions of article 591 paragraph 1 thesis I art.591 of the Civil Procedure Code, in that: in business, the insurer sequestration may also be set up on the debtor’s immovable property.

Boumediene v. Bush: Guantanamo Detainees' Right to Habeas Corpus

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Garcia, Michael J

2008-01-01

... suspension of the writ of habeas. The immediate impact of the Boumediene decision is that detainees at Guantanamo may petition a federal district court for habeas review of the circumstances of their detention. This report summarizes the Boumediene decision and analyzes several of its major implications for the U.S. detention of alien enemy combatants and legislation that limits detainees access to judicial review.

Responding to climate change: A toolbox of management strategies

Science.gov (United States)

D. Cole; N.L. Stephenson; C.I. Millar

2010-01-01

Climate change and its effects are writ large across the landscape and in the natural and cultural heritage ofparks and wilderness. They always have been and always will be. The sculpted walls of Yosemite National Park and the jagged scenery ofthe Sierra Nevada wilderness would not be as spectacular if periods of glaciation had not been followed by periods of...

Comments on Navarro's review of Health services research: an anthology.

Science.gov (United States)

White, K L

1993-01-01

In preparing Health Services Research: An Anthology, the editors attempted to broaden the definition of health services research promulgated by the National Library of Medicine. Many articles in the Anthology focused on stemming the avalanche of medicine's unevaluated procedures and prescribing practices, and on broadening the horizons of the medical establishment. Another anthology is clearly needed to address Virchow's dictum that medicine is politics writ large.

Raza, alteridad y exclusión en Alemania durante la década de 1920

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Castillejo Cuéllar

2007-04-01

Full Text Available In 1927, under the umbrella of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft, the institution responsible for directing Germany's research policies, the Kaiser Wilhelm Institut für Anthropologie, Menschliche, Erblehre und Eugenic (Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics was founded. The institution represented the apex of the German eugenics movement that had developed in the previous decades, and the birth of oneof the intellectual centers where the Reich's ideology of social engineering was founded. This article discusses some of the historic elements that linked racial ideology, the bedrock of Nazi policy of extermination, and the social sciences during the Weimar period

El uso de recompensas en el conflicto armado colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Galvis - Martínez

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The scandal caused by the assassination of a guerrilla leader by oneof his subordinates and the payment of a substantial economic reward made to him by the State, led to the first questionings regarding the legality of the reward system in Colombia. This article seeks to establish if the state sponsored reward policy respects the rules of International Humanitarian Law applicable to the Colombian armed conflict. For this purpose the article will analyze both thelegislative development and three of the most controversialsituations raised in practice which prove the range and effects ofthe use of rewards as a strategic tactic within the armed conflict.

COMMON CONSOLIDATED TAX BASE SYSTEM: DIFFICULTIES IN DETERMINING A DISTRIBUTION FORMULA FOR THE COMMON CONSOLIDATED TAX BASE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DANIELA PÎRVU

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Recent trends towards a common European tax policy for the generalcorporate taxation aim at preventing the negative effects of tax competition, especially those ofthe national tax base “migration”, by moving corporate main offices in countries with moreadvantageous systems of taxation. The idea of harmonising corporate taxation constitutes oneof the most important debate topics on the agenda of the European Commission for the moment,and also within specialists’ theoretical approaches. The vast range of such approaches isparticularly relevant for the complexity of the problems that hindering the formula, even if it isonly at a theoretical level separated from the policy feasibility issues, and from widely sharedsolutions.

Apron (no more) dirty egg: (re)presentations

OpenAIRE

Tânia Regina Oliveira Ramos

2013-01-01

The title, in its ambiguity, comes from a song in tribute to mothers, “Mommy, Mommy. I remember slipper in hand, all of the apron dirty egg,” The purpose of this essay is to show contemporary narratives that seek to represent by the writting the sense of passion of the modern urban woman, her experiences of morality, what is left of what was called archetypally respectability and domestic responsibility.

Hispanics in Army ROTC: Problems with Recruiting and Commissioning

Science.gov (United States)

1978-06-09

part-time elementary school En- glish teachers, yet even they often had difficulty expressing them- selves ( orally and in writing) oozTectly in...desired learning outcomes expected from ROTC graduates is that they have the "ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writ- ing.඘ This...Andres. El Dilema Puertorriquefos Lenguaje do Libertad o LengaJe de Dominacion. San Juan, Ediciones Bayoan, 1973. . Nuevo Enfoaue Sobre el Desarrollo

Evaluating Active Interventions to Reduce Student Procrastination

OpenAIRE

Martin, Joshua Deckert

2015-01-01

Procrastination is a pervasive problem in education. In computer science, procrastination and lack of necessary time management skills to complete programming projects are viewed as primary causes of student attrition. The most effective techniques known to reduce procrastination are resource-intensive and do not scale well to large classrooms. In this thesis, we examine three course interventions designed to both reduce procrastination and be scalable for large classrooms. Reflective writ...

Teachers' attitudes and understandings about process writing in the School of Foreign Languages at Muğla University

OpenAIRE

Gümüş, Özlem

2002-01-01

Ankara : The Department of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, the Institute of Economics and Social Sciences of Bilkent University, 2002. Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2002. Includes bibliographical references leaves 96-99. In the last 25 years, process writing has grown to dominate the traditional approaches in writing instruction. Many studies have looked at process writing in terms of implementation or the composing processes of students using process writ...

Writ Large on Your Face: Observing Emotions Using Automatic Facial Analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dieckmann Anja

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Emotions affect all of our daily decisions and, of course, they also influence our evaluations of brands, products and advertisements. But what exactly do consumers feel when they watch a TV commercial, visit a website or when they interact with a brand in different ways? Measuring such emotions is not an easy task. In the past, the effectiveness of marketing material was evaluated mostly by subsequent surveys. Now, with the emergence of neuroscientific approaches like EEG, the measurement of real-time reactions is possible, for instance, when watching a commercial. However, most neuroscientific procedures are fairly invasive and irritating. For an EEG, for instance, numerous electrodes need to be placed on the participant's scalp. Furthermore, data analysis is highly complex. Scientific expertise is necessary for interpretation, so the procedure remains a black box to most practitioners and the results are still rather controversial. By contrast, automatic facial analysis provides similar information without having to wire study participants. In addition, the results of such analyses are intuitive and easy to interpret even for laypeople. These convincing advantages led GfK Company to decide on facial analysis and to develop a tool suitable for measuring emotional responses to marketing stimuli, making it easily applicable in marketing research practice.

Status of radionuclide sorption-desorption studies performed by the WRIT program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Serne, R.J.; Relyea, J.F.

1981-01-01

This paper focuses on interactions between dissolved radionuclides in groundwater and rocks and sediments away from the nearfield repository. Two approaches were used to study the primary mechanism, adsorption-desorption. Empirical studies rely on distribution coefficient measurements, and mechanism studies strive to identify, differentiate, and quantify the processes that control nuclide retardation. The status of sorption mechanism studies is discussed, with emphasis on delineating the usefulness of ideal ion-exchange, site-binding electrical double-layer, and redox-controlled sorption constructs. Since studies to date show greater potential for site-binding electrical double-layer models, future efforts will concentrate on this construct. Laboratory studies are discussed which corroborate the importance of redox reactions in causing nuclide retardation for multivalent elements, such as Tc, Np, Pu, and U. Results suggest that both solution-mediated reduction, such as the Fe(II)-Fe(III) couple, and solid-solution heterogeneous reduction reactions, such as reduction of solution Pu(VI) at the mineral surface by structural Fe(II), occur. Coupled microscopy, microprobe, and autoradiography studies have determined actual sorption sites for radionuclides on polymineralic rocks. The studies show that it is possible for minor phases to completely dominate the mass of radionuclides adsorbed. The most active minerals are typically alternation products (clays and zeolites). Several exercises are discussed which rank radionuclides according to their potential dose hazards. In each of the analyses discussed, the top four radionuclides are I, Tc, Np, and Ra. Other elements that rank high in potential hazards are Pu, U, Am, Th, Pb, Sn, Pd, and Se

Apron (no more dirty egg: (representations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tânia Regina Oliveira Ramos

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The title, in its ambiguity, comes from a song in tribute to mothers, “Mommy, Mommy. I remember slipper in hand, all of the apron dirty egg,” The purpose of this essay is to show contemporary narratives that seek to represent by the writting the sense of passion of the modern urban woman, her experiences of morality, what is left of what was called archetypally respectability and domestic responsibility.

Manuscript 101: A Data-Driven Writing Exercise For Beginning Scientists

OpenAIRE

Ralston, Amy; Halbisen, Michael

2017-01-01

Learning to write a scientific manuscript is one of the most important and rewarding scientific training experiences, yet most young scientists only embark on this experience relatively late in graduate school, after gathering sufficient data in the lab. Yet, familiarity with the process of writing a scientific manuscript and receiving peer reviews, often leads to a more focused and driven experimental approach. To jump-start this training, we developed a protocol for teaching manuscript writ...

Compilation of Abstracts of Dissertations, Theses, and Research Papers Submitted by Candidates for Degrees.

Science.gov (United States)

1979-09-30

used by the subjects to rate the jobs: traditional masculine /feminine occupations, and the degree to which a job was or was not physically demanding...translations of Hua’s speeches and writ- ings. Findings: 1. Hua views the international system as conflictual and protracted. Superpower hegemony is the...from Lenin to Brezhnev, has consistently followed a pattern of developing a regional strategy to achieve hegemony in a given region, the latest example

Metodika výuky moderního tanečního stylu street dance

OpenAIRE

Štěpánková, Lucie

2011-01-01

My dissertation is mainly targeted to all street dance lectors and teachers but is also for another people who are concerned about street dance education. Dissertation is writting about a street style history and is focused on creation of my own methodology proposal for an education of this style. Kids are really enjoying a lessons of street dance and the kind and level of this emjoyment is done by their age and level of performance.

The American Home Front: Revolutionary War, Civil War, World War I, World War II

Science.gov (United States)

1983-01-01

Banking Act and the introduction of protectionism. The Union was also more successful in both the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus and the use of its...Americans could "’turn with fresh interests to our own tyrannies-to our Colorado mines. our autocratic steel industries, our sweatshops . and our slums...conservation programs and the introduction of hybrid seeds, added another 14 percent, and more scientific disease control and better feeding, breeding

Evaluation de la compréhension orale et écrite auprès d’enfants avec et sans troubles de la lecture

OpenAIRE

Avanthey-Granges, Natacha; Botteron, Séverine

2010-01-01

Some kids having reading disabilities shown an important difference between their ability of decoding and of comprehension. What are the links between the several components of reading? How can we go further in the analysis of reading disability? What kind of treatement can we propose to children having difficulties in reading? In this article, the links between the decoding and comprehension disability but as well the links beetween writting and oral comprehension will be discussed.

The 'Build-Up' Approach to Academic Writing Skills Development: The Case for a Discipline-Driven Collaborative Design

OpenAIRE

O'Brien, Orna; Dowling-Hetherington, Linda

2013-01-01

This paper discusses the design and delivery of support for academic writing skills development. The paper also presents a case study of such support on an undergraduate, part-time degree programme at University College Dublin (UCD). Elton (2010) suggests that the approach to academic writing is discipline dependent and that neither specialists in academic writing nor practising academics in a discipline can separately provide students with the necessary support to develop the ability to writ...

Traffic- Croatia Facing the Global Issues

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivan Mahalec

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Traffic today is an indispensable part of our lives and oneof the basic preconditions of what is called social progress. Likeblood in our body it circulates across the whole globe and allowsfor the necessary flow of people and materials. This workconsiders the impact of traffic on the lives of people and on theenvironment, analyses the available energy sources and vehiclepropulsion systems and illustrates global climatic issues. Thepaper presents the methodology created by EU for monitoringof harmful emissions at the national/eve! and gives data on differencesin emissions of individualtransp01t modes. The trafficcondition in the Republic of Croatia is analysed and a thesis isgiven regarding possible solution of the stated problems.

Ethnic Tourism -- A Helicopter from "Huge Graveyard" to Paradise? Social impacts of ethnic tourism development on the minority communities in Guizhou Province, Southwest China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xiaoping Wu

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Since the beginning of the 1980s, ethnic tourism has been oneof the key industries promoted by the government of Guizhouprovince in Southwestern China. This industry has broughttremendous changes to the communities of local ethnic peoplesin destination areas, especially in improving their economiclife. However, although ethnic tourism does bring manypositive results to local peoples, it also has a negative sideas well. This paper investigates, from a local perspective,some of these impacts, taking the Miao/Hmong communities as acase study. The author contends that if ethnic governments andresidents want to sustain their culture and society, they musthave an awareness and understanding of both the positive andnegative impacts of tourism when considering a project intheir community.

Oceňování reálnou hodnotou v účením systému ČR

OpenAIRE

Benáčková, Lenka

2008-01-01

I am writting in my bachelor thesis about fair value in our accounting system. The first part is mostly teoretical. It is generally focused on valuation in the accounting, that describes the basic thought, advantages and disadvantages of fair value. The second part is about using fair value in securities and derivates. At the end of this bachelor thesis you can find an example how we can value securities by fair value and before its implementation.

Enhancing the Vietnamese market presence of the case company Uber Vietnam by implementing a partnership strategy

OpenAIRE

Vu, Tram

2016-01-01

This thesis is dedicated to studying the concept of partnership marketing and apply the knowledge gained to the commissioner Uber Vietnam through actual research. The case company has entered the Vietnamese transportation market in 2015 and is currently going through a rough time acquiring market attention. Partnership marketing has been one of the main strategies that the commissioner applied in its market entry plan, however it did not deliver the expected result. Therefore, the thesis writ...

An Expert System to Train Secondary Special Education Teachers in Language Arts Instruction

OpenAIRE

Martindale, Elizabeth Shafer

1987-01-01

Writing, a complex organizational process that makes excessive attentional demands, can be frustrating for handicapped students. These students seldom complete a finished written product because t he y are usually trying to master the mechanical aspects of writing . Teaching the secondary-aged student with learning problems to use and unify writ ing skills into a finished product may be an initial step in helping them acomplish more difficult writing tasks. The purpose of this Research and...

O perfume de mulher nas minisséries brasileiras

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Ana Maria Balogh

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Brazilian miniserials are considered “la crème de la crème” in terms of television fictional series. Research referring to recent formats show an expanding presence of women - professionals in direction, production, play-writting, etc... Besides these transformations miniserials show an increasing tendency to create complex, plural and frequenty subversive portraits of women in main roles (fiction, adaptation, biography, etc...: a significant contribuition to the representation of our identity throught fictional representations.

IMPACT OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN LITIGATION CONCERNING ACCESS TO HIGH-COST DRUGS.

Science.gov (United States)

Aleman, Alicia; Perez Galan, Ana

2017-01-01

The impact of health technology assessment (HTA) in the judicialization of the right of health has not been deeply studied in Latin American countries. The purpose of this study is to review the process of judicialization of the access to high cost drugs in Uruguay and assess the impact HTAs have had on this process. The methodology used for this study included a comprehensive literature search in electronic databases, local journals, internal documents developed in the Ministry of Health, as well as conducting interviews with key informants. Judicialization of the access of high cost drugs has been increasing since 2010. The strategy of the Ministry of Health of Uruguay to decrease this problem included the organization of roundtables with judges and other stakeholders on the basis of HTA, the training of defense lawyers in the use and interpretation of HTA, and the participation of a professional who develops HTA in the preparation of the defense arguments. A year after the implementation of this strategy, 25 percent of writs of protection were won by the Ministry of Health. Even though the strategy implemented was effective in reducing the loss of litigations, it was not effective in reducing the growing number of writs of protection. It is essential to address this problem in a broad debate and to promote understanding between the parties.

SENSES FOR READING AND WRITING ACTIVITIES AT SCHOOLS OF FUNDAMENTAL TEACHING

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Osmar de Souza

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This article have to present the contributions of a Extension Program of FURB - Regional University of Blumenau. The Program, until 2008, was entitled “Senses for reading and writting activities at school” - this article corresponds to a glance on the development of the Program in two years: 2007 and 2008. The contemplated communities are public schools of Blumenau, more precisely, groups of fourth series of the Fundamental Teaching. In the first contact with the groups, questionnaires were hand out to students, aiming to notice the children's knowledge regarding the proposed themes (community and family. In the other visits - one per week -, reading and writting activities were developed. The students were, still, guests to research: in the library, questioning relatives or residents of the street in that they live. One of the results - that will be presented in full detail along the article - is the enlargement of the knowledge on local history - for students, teachers and academics involved. In spite of there are objectives propellers of the Program - as "to create conditions to students of fourth series read and write texts, more precisely about family and community -, one of the conclusions, regarding the development of the Program, is the possibility to contribute in the dimensions institutional, academic and social. Sometimes, those contributions can't be imagined when a Program is idealized.

Conunents on Wagar' s "Toward a Praxis of World Integration"

OpenAIRE

Richard Schauffler

2015-01-01

Warren Wagar's 1995 ASA paper is an attempt to articulate a view of global political praxis culminating in a "democratic, liberal, and socialist world commonwealth." This is an admirable idea, but do the ideas in that paper get us closer to its realization--I think not. As I will argue below, Wagar's paper is nothing more than the Third International writ large, a polemic on organizational form ironically tied to a Eurocentric Second International view of the world that appears to ignore the ...

Development and Implementation of Person-Centred Nursing Documentation

OpenAIRE

Daly, Susan

2017-01-01

Introduction: Irvine et al (2006) assert structured documentation can improve resident care by limiting vague narrative style entries. Nevertheless, in practice the personal and         individual aspects of care can only be recorded through a person-centred approach to care planning   (Broderick & Coffey 2012, Butterworth 2012, Prideaux 2011).  Nurses  are therefore challenged to balance the factual, non-speculative principles of good record keeping with a person-centred approach to writ...

5-1 Beam Test of the PSD EQM at CERN

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Zhou; Yong[1; Sun; Zhiyu[1; Yu; Yuhong[1; Fang; Fang[1; Zhang; Yongjie[1

2014-01-01

Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a powerful space telescope for high energy cosmic rays detectionsuch as -ray, electron and heavy ions. The main motivation of DAMPE is to find the evidence of dark matterexistence, and the satellite is scheduled for launching before the end of 2015.The Plastic Scintillator Detector (PSD), which is oneof the key components of the DAMPE system, has twomajor functionalities: distinguish photons from chargedparticles by anti-coincidence and measure the charge ofheavy ions. The PSD is designed and fabricated by theinstitute of modern physics, CAS. It consists of 82 plasticscintillator strips, each of which is readout by PMTat both ends, and a double-dynode readout scheme forPMT is utilized in order to cover the large dynamicrange (from H to Ca).

New science, old convictions ? Texas Senate Bill 344: identifying further necessary reform in forensic science

OpenAIRE

Soni, Naina

2015-01-01

In June 2013, Texas Senate Bill 344 (SB 344) was signed into law after strong Innocence Project support. SB 344 has since transformed the Texan judicial landscape. Known as the ?Junk Science Writ?, SB 344 enables the court to grant habeas corpus relief based on scientific evidence that ?(1) was not available to be offered by a convicted person at the convicted person's trial; or (2) contradicts scientific evidence relied on by the state at trial?. Inmates, such as the ?San Antonio Four?, whos...

Balancing Act: Synergy of Combat Airpower Functions

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-01

man, army, or power writ large. In its simplest form, a fighting man should have his sword, his shield, and his legs . These are what give him his...some point later in their careers.15 However, for Sir John Slessor, the only path to military service was through aviation, as his legs were infirm...www.aviationweek.com/aw/generic/story_channel.jsp?channel=defense&id=new s/ dti /2011/04/01/DT_04_01_2011_p38- 297236.xml&headline=U.S.%20Wants%20COIN

El Dioscórides de Andrés Laguna en los textos de Cervantes: de la materia medicinal al universo literario

OpenAIRE

Francisco López-Muñoz; Cecilio Álamo

2007-01-01

The literary works of Miguel de Cervantes have been widely studied from numerous points of view, including the medical one. In the present work, we defend the hypothesis that the Andrés Laguna version of Dioscorides was the source used by Cervantes in his literary passages related to therapeutic aspects, especially in relation to plants with medicinal properties. This book, a copy of which was in Cervantes’ private library, is the only medical treatise cited by the novelist in any of his writ...

Betwixt and Between: Yup’ik Combat Soldiers and the Burden of Wars

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Linda Green

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Eric Hobsbawm, the noted British historian, in his masterful account of modernity writ large, suggests that the 20th century was the most violent in human history, highlighting crucial connections between capitalist expansion and bellicosity. Over the course of the twentieth century, and in particular over the past 60 years, the United States has indisputably become the global master of war. A military budget and a weapons arsenal that dwarfs those of all other countries, alongside its repeated incursions into other sovereign nations, are alone sufficient to earn the title.

Patriachy, indoctrination and education. The therapeutic power of creation in women's literature. Two case studies: Carmen Mart??n Gaite's "The back room" (1978) and Ian McEwan's "Atonnement" (2001)

OpenAIRE

Garc??a Lara, Antonia

2011-01-01

My dissertation deals with the patriarchal education that indoctrinates women and forces them to be domestic angels and how this education provokes a trauma that they try to heal by creation in the form of writing. I will use two case studies to illustrate my point: Carmen Mart??n Gaite???s C., who is Mart??n Gaite???s alter ego in El Cuarto de Atr??s [The Back Room] (1978), and Briony Tallis, who is a fictional character in Ian McEwan???s Atonement (2001). Briony is actually the one who writ...

Daňová soustava a dohody o zamezení dvojího zdanění

OpenAIRE

Žiačik, Jan

2008-01-01

The subject of the thesis is analysis of tax systems. The author is writ ing about the subject from general point of view as wel l as focusing on the tax system in the Czech Republic as in 2008 whi le indicat ing the possible future development in terms of the EC tax harmonization process and existing double taxation t reaties. The first part explains the general characteristics of the tax system. It defines some related key terms: tax, tax system, subject and object of the tax immunity, tax ...

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ANDORGANIZATIONAL SILENCE: A CONCEPTUAL DISCUSSION

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Fitnat Nazlı Sayğan

2011-07-01

Full Text Available In this study, the affective commitment that is oneof the components oforganizational commitment put forth by Allen and Meyer (Allen, Meyer 1996will be differentiated from the other commitment components. The importance ofcreating an emotional commitment to organizations will be examined and theorganizational factors needed to form organizational commitment will beinvestigated. Also, organizational silence is a situation that the company avoided.In the study, the reasons and the drawbacks of silence are focused on and thefactors that cause employees to remain silent are discussed.The aim of this study is intended to manifest the relationship of ‘organizationalsilence' with affective commitment’ which is one ofthe components of‘organizational commitment’ on the basis of literature. In this study, a negativecorrelation between affective commitment and organizational silence is suggested

History Writ Large: Big-character Posters, Red Logorrhoea and the Art of Words

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Geremie R. Barmé

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The starting point of this paper is the 1986 artwork of the then Xiamen-based artist Wu Shanzhuan, called ‘Red Humor’, which reworked references to big-character posters (dazi bao 大字报 and other Mao-era forms of political discourse, recalling the Cultural Revolution. It explains how Wu’s installation offered a provocative microcosm of the overwhelming mood engendered by a logocentric movement to ‘paint the nation red’ with word-images during the years 1966-1967. This discussion of the hyper-real use of the dazi bao during China’s Cultural Revolution era (c.1964-1978 allows us to probe into ‘the legacies of the word made image’ in modern China. The paper argues that, since the 1980s, Wu Shanzhuan has had many emulators and ‘avant-garde successors’, since we have seen multiple examples of parodic deconstructions of the cultural authority of the Chinese character (zi in recent decades.

History Writ Large: Big-character Posters, Red Logorrhoea and the Art of Words

OpenAIRE

Barmé, Geremie R.

2012-01-01

The starting point of this paper is the 1986 artwork of the then Xiamen-based artist Wu Shanzhuan, called ‘Red Humor’, which reworked references to big-character posters (dazi bao 大字报) and other Mao-era forms of political discourse, recalling the Cultural Revolution. It explains how Wu’s installation offered a provocative microcosm of the overwhelming mood engendered by a logocentric movement to ‘paint the nation red’ with word-images during the years 1966-1967. This discussion of the hyper-r...

Writ in water, lines in sand: Ancient trade routes, models and comparative evidence

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Eivind Heldaas Seland

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Historians and archaeologists often take connectivity for granted, and fail to address the problems of documenting patterns of movement. This article highlights the methodological challenges of reconstructing trade routes in prehistory and early history. The argument is made that these challenges are best met through the application of modern models of connectivity, in combination with the conscious use of comparative approaches.

Defining, Discussing and Evaluating Mobile Learning: The moving finger writes and having writ . . . .

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John Traxler

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Since the start of the current millennium, experience and expertise in the development and delivery of mobile learning have blossomed and a community of practice has evolved that is distinct from the established communities of 'tethered' e-Learning. This community is currently visible mainly through dedicated international conference series, of which MLEARN is the most prestigious, rather than through any dedicated journals. So far, these forms of development and delivery have focussed on short-term small-scale pilots and trials in the developed countries of Europe, North America, and the Pacific Rim, and there is a taxonomy emerging from these pilots and trials that suggests tacit and pragmatic conceptualisations of mobile learning.What has, however, developed less confidently within this community is any theoretical conceptualisation of mobile learning and with it any evaluation methodologies specifically aligned to the unique attributes of mobile learning.Some advocates of mobile learning attempt to define and conceptualise it in terms of devices and technologies; other advocates define and conceptualise it in terms of the mobility of learners and the mobility of learning, and in terms of the learners’ experience of learning with mobile devices.The role of theory is, perhaps, a contested topic in a community that encompasses philosophical affiliations from empiricists to post-structuralists, each with different expectations about the scope and legitimacy of theory in their work. The mobile learning community may nevertheless need the authority and credibility of some conceptual base.Such a base would provide the starting point for evaluation methodologies grounded in the unique attributes of mobile learning. Attempts to develop the conceptualisations and evaluation of mobile learning, however, must recognise that mobile learning is essentially personal, contextual, and situated; this means it is 'noisy' and this is problematic both for definition and for evaluation.Furthermore, defining mobile learning can emphasise those unique attributes that position it within informal learning, rather than formal. These attributes place much mobile learning at odds with formal learning with its cohorts, courses, semesters, assessments, and campuses, and with its monitoring and evaluation regimes. This raises concerns for the nature of any large-scale and sustained deployment and the extent to which the unique attributes of mobile learning may be lost or compromised.Looking at mobile learning in a wider context, we have to recognise that mobile, personal, and wireless devices are now radically transforming societal notions of discourse and knowledge, and are responsible for new forms of art, employment, language, commerce, deprivation, and crime, as well as learning. With increased popular access to information and knowledge anywhere, anytime, the role of education, perhaps especially formal education, is challenged and the relationships between education, society, and technology are now more dynamic than ever.The paper explores and articulates these issues and the connections between them specifically in the context of the wider and sustained development of mobile learning.

Education, Sociability and Written Culture : the case of the Society of Jesus in France

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Stéphane Van Damme

2007-06-01

Full Text Available In a special Issue of the journal Annales, the historian Roger Chartier could draw up a review of the written culture history and underlined the role played by certain social groups in the diffusion of written culture in the cities. He distinguished two major elements in this evolution  : one hand “ The use of writing as an instrument of self-government and administration ” and on the other hand “ the link between religious experience and use of writting ”. In this tension, it has been intere...

Leach test methodology for the Waste/Rock Interactions Technology Program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bradley, D.J.; McVay, G.L.; Coles, D.G.

1980-05-01

Experimental leach studies in the WRIT Program have two primary functions. The first is to determine radionuclide release from waste forms in laboratory environments which attempt to simulate repository conditions. The second is to elucidate leach mechanisms which can ultimately be incorporated into nearfield transport models. The tests have been utilized to generate rates of removal of elements from various waste forms and to provide specimens for surface analysis. Correlation between constituents released to the solution and corresponding solid state profiles is invaluable in the development of a leach mechanism. Several tests methods are employed in our studies which simulate various proposed leach incident scenarios. Static tests include low temperature (below 100 0 C) and high temperature (above 100 0 C) hydrothermal tests. These tests reproduce nonflow or low-flow repository conditions and can be used to compare materials and leach solution effects. The dynamic tests include single-pass, continuous-flow(SPCF) and solution-change (IAA)-type tests in which the leach solutions are changed at specific time intervals. These tests simulate repository conditions of higher flow rates and can also be used to compare materials and leach solution effects under dynamic conditions. The modified IAEA test is somewhat simpler to use than the one-pass flow and gives adequate results for comparative purposes. The static leach test models the condition of near-zero flow in a repository and provides information on element readsorption and solubility limits. The SPCF test is used to study the effects of flowing solutions at velocities that may be anticipated for geologic groundwaters within breached repositories. These two testing methods, coupled with the use of autoclaves, constitute the current thrust of WRIT leach testing

Determinants of Sub-Sovereign Government Ratings In Europe

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Nicolas JANNONE-BELLOT

2017-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to identify the determinantsof the rating assigned to sub-sovereignentities in Germany, Austria, Belgium, France,Italy and Spain, using a total of 92 territorial entitiesfor the 1989-2012 period. Multinomial orderedprobit estimation models were estimatedfor each specifi cation and agency.We conclude that the country’s rating is oneof the most important determinants of regionalgovernment’s ratings with a positive infl uence(as expected, and that the country debt/GDPratio is a stronger determinant for regions thantheir own indebtedness with a negative sign.Other relevant variables are population growthrate, unemployment rate, elderly people weight,regional public expenditure weight and size. Additionally,economic variables, such as country’srating and population growth are more importantto Fitch; whereas budget variables and size variablesare more relevant to Moody’s. Debt variablesand elderly people ratio are more importantto S&P.

Assessing Risk in Costing High-energy Accelerators: from Existing Projects to the Future Linear Collider

CERN Document Server

Lebrun, Philippe

2010-01-01

High-energy accelerators are large projects funded by public money, developed over the years and constructed via major industrial contracts both in advanced technology and in more conventional domains such as civil engineering and infrastructure, for which they often constitute one-of markets. Assessing their cost, as well as the risk and uncertainty associated with this assessment is therefore an essential part of project preparation and a justified requirement by the funding agencies. Stemming from the experience with large circular colliders at CERN, LEP and LHC, as well as with the Main Injector, the Tevatron Collider Experiments and Accelerator Upgrades, and the NOvA Experiment at Fermilab, we discuss sources of cost variance and derive cost risk assessment methods applicable to the future linear collider, through its two technical approaches for ILC and CLIC. We also address disparities in cost risk assessment imposed by regional differences in regulations, procedures and practices.

Concurrent Programming in Mac OS X and iOS Unleash Multicore Performance with Grand Central Dispatch

CERN Document Server

Nahavandipoor, Vandad

2011-01-01

Now that multicore processors are coming to mobile devices, wouldn't it be great to take advantage of all those cores without having to manage threads? This concise book shows you how to use Apple's Grand Central Dispatch (GCD) to simplify programming on multicore iOS devices and Mac OS X. Managing your application's resources on more than one core isn't easy, but it's vital. Apps that use only one core in a multicore environment will slow to a crawl. If you know how to program with Cocoa or Cocoa Touch, this guide will get you started with GCD right away, with many examples to help you writ

p-barp elastic scattering at high energies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padua, A.B. de.

1986-01-01

The p-bar p elastic scattering is analysed in the energy range 9.78 pp werefitted under the hypothesis of a pure imaginary amplitude and writted as a sum of exponentials, that is, a(s,t) = a(s,O) Σ n i=l α i exp β i t. Using the parameters a(s,O), α i and β i we obtained the absorption constante K- pp , the form factor and the mean square radius of the - p matter distribution by the Chou-Yang model. These calculations reveal a dip around -t ≅ 1.3 (GeV/c) 2 at 31 and 62 GeV. (author) [pt

Identity, identity politics, and neoliberalism

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Wrenn Mary

2014-01-01

Full Text Available With the intensification of neoliberalism, it is useful to examine how some individuals might cope with the irrationality of the system. Neoliberalism cloaks the execution of the corporate agenda behind rhetorical manipulation that advocates for limited government. The corollary absence of government involvement on behalf of the citizenry writ large disarms the means of social redress for the individual. Democracy funded and fueled by corporate power thereby disenfranchises the individual, provoking some to search for empowerment through identity politics. The argument set forth suggests that individuals construct, reinforce, or escalate allegiance to identities as a coping mechanism, some of which manifest in violent identity politics.

Oswald De Andrade N´o Pirralho

OpenAIRE

Vera Chalmers

2015-01-01

Oswald de Andrade on O PirralhoThis short essay examines the writtings of Oswald de Andrade on O Pirralho, a literary magazine created by the young journalist and writer. This essay studies Lanterna Mágica and the very first chapters of Memórias Sentimentais de João Miramar. The study aims to do a research and a commentary of the literary works that precede the coming event of the Semana de Arte Moderna by 1922, which is preceded by the Manifesto do Trianon, on 9th january 1921. On this occas...

Marketing Interactivo Viral En el Área Educativa

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Ayala Castro, María Fernanda

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The viral interactive marketing represents to the new era of the technology for its benefits where limit doesn't exist, more when its market is young and the interaction permanency is active, all this implies a great effort for the creators of the social networks being its development place. The innovation of the traditional marketing to a viral interactive marketing where people, virtual platforms and to work of the necessities is active, they are working to be implemented in the educational area where it is possible to foment the reading, writting, creativity, investigation and analysis for the projects of the students contributing to the learning of the society.

The Disappearing Audience and Reflexive Visibility

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Katerina Girginova

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Contrary to popular opinion and some academic writing that celebrates the renewed visibility of new media audiences, this essay argues that they are increasingly going into retreat. To understand how new media audiences “disappear” from view of one another, I borrow from Brighenti’s typology of visibility and develop the idea of “reflexive visibility.” The latter describes the ability to socially orient ourselves in a digital environment through the textual and contextual cues of others—an activity that is of utmost importance not only to researchers wishing to “see” various audiences but also for audiences writ large, wishing to know themselves.

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE TEST OF PUBLIC BANKS IN TURKEY:AN APPLICATION OF PROMETHEE

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Ceren UZAR

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Performancetesthas become an important tool for banking sector and banksshould implement performance test if they want to increase their level ofcompetitivenessin today’shighly competitive environment. Banking sector hasalways beenveryimportant factor for developing national economy. PreferenceRanking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations( PROMETHEE is oneof the most recent Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDMmethodsand hasbeen successfully implementedin many fields.This paper argues the possibility of using PROMETHEE method for measuringthe financial performance of three public banks in Turkey by using two data sets.First data set is for the period from 2002 to 2007, and the second data set is from2008 to 2012. Two data sets are determined and used in order to compare twoperiods– before the global financial crises (2002-2007, and during the globalfinancial crises (2008-2012.PROMETHEEmethodis applied to the obtaineddata sets rigorously by usingten criteria for each bank.Theresults of thispaper showthe possibility of using thePROMETHHE methodin order to determinefinancial performance of public banks in Turkey.

Piracetam improves children's memory after general anaesthesia.

Science.gov (United States)

Fesenko, Ułbołgan A

2009-01-01

Surgery and anaesthesia may account for postoperative complications including cognitive impairment. The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of general anaesthetics on children's memory and effectiveness of piracetam for prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The study included patients receiving different kinds of anaesthesia for various surgical procedures, randomly allocated to two groups. According to immediate postoperative treatment, the study group received intravenous piracetam 30 mg kg(-1) and the control group--placebo. The cognitive functions were examined preoperatively and within 10 consecutive postoperative days using the ten-word memory test. The study group consisted of 123 children, the control one--of 127. Declines in memory indexes were observed in all anaesthetized patients. The most injured function was long-term memory. The intravenous administration of piracetam improved this cognitive function. The study results confirm that general anaesthesia affects the memory function in children. Piracetam is effective for prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction after anaesthesia.

“LANZAROTE IS MY ROCK RAFT”: JOSÉ SARAMAGO AND THE MEMORIALISTIC WRITING OF EXILE

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Rodrigo Xavier

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The current paper offers a reading of the initial Saramago’s Diaries, writ­ten by the Portuguese José Saramago and published between the years of 1993 and 1997, as it rehearses drafting a possible relation between the role of the intellectual, as performed by the writer and the composition of an autobiographical literature. This latter is constituted by means of a unique acquisition and learning of memory, from his exile in the Spanish island of Lanzarote. Edward Said´s writings will guide the discussions on exile pro­posed in this work, as much as Philippe Lejeune´s, whose writings appear in the dialogue between autobiography and memory.

Writting a review like a research paper - The methodology used in Lopes et al. 2016

OpenAIRE

Hatt, Séverin; Chevalier Mendes Lopes, Thomas; Chen, Ju Lian; Francis, Frédéric

2016-01-01

This presentation aimed at giving methodological keys in order to write a systematic review of the literature. It was based on the Lopes et al. 2016 - Wheat based intercropping systems for biological pest control, In: Pest Management Science

The Investment of the Payment Instruments with Executory Formula

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Laura Manea

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The judge-made-law is not unitary regarding the necessity to invest with executory formula the cheque and the bills payable to order, and the same courts interpreted the dispositions from the civil procedure code excluding the special laws which established the juridical conditions for the cheque and bill payable to order. At the same time, other courts grant priority to the special laws which established the regime of writ of execution for this payment instruments. Because of this disparity the attorney general has filed an appeal in the interest of law and the solution of the Highest Court of Cassation and Justice was to admit the appeal and to dispose to invest them with executory formula.

The Question Of Balance Work - Family And Reconciliation Regime Work - Family At European Level

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Aida Cimpeanu

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Under the conditions of the continuous change of the work patterns and of the alert liferhythm, there is a real challenge to keep a favourable equilibrium between work and family life. Oneof the value orientations manifested on a major scale on the whole European continent, is the humanorientation able to give substance to the European social politics, oriented to permanent improvementof his life quality by the increasing of the life level, the improvement of the work conditions, the workflexibility support qt the European level, national and organizational by the elaboration etimplementation of the politics of the work conciliation with family, or of the family/friendly politics,in order to keep an optimal equilibrium between family life as well as in the professional one.According to the European Commission, the reconciliation politics represent key responses to thelong term economic and demographic challenges. A better family life reconciliation is supported bythe objectives of the European strategy for the economical growth and of the workforce occupation

Developing and promoting OKP production system: a JIT production planning approach

Science.gov (United States)

Samavati, Mehran

2011-10-01

The role of production in competitive system of market on one hand and the changing conditions of market on the other hand has caused the need for more developed planning in such environments. The general purpose of the present research is to realize One-of- a- Kind- Product model (OKP) that is developed in two stages. In OKP model presented in 1994 only one sample of each product is produced and only one production method is considered for each product. In order to make OKP model more real and to use it in promoting more production methods, the following developments were made in this research: 1-First Development: Considering various methods for producing each product. 2-Second Development: Producing more than one sample of each product, while considering various production methods for each product. These models promoted OKP model of 1994. They can be used in more diversified production methods in order to promote them. In present model, while describing the main OKP model new models are provided as well. The significance of OKP has been described in Introduction

Business models for Serious Games developers - transition from a product centric to a service centric approach.

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Jannicke Baalsrud Hauge

2014-02-01

Full Text Available In the context of the serious games industry, up to now the most commonly used BM among developers representing SMEs consists in offering an individual product to the customer, based on tailored one-of a kind production. Such production has high costs and low re-usability and leads to a long time-to-market. For an industry dealing with products highly dependent on technological advances, this implies high risks for failure and thus being put out of business. Consequently, an increasing number of Serious Games developers are struggling to survive. These trends are not specific for the SG development sector, but can actually be observed in several others, like software industry as well as the manufacturing industry, where a transition to less product-oriented BM can be observed. This article is based on an analysis of cases studies to outline how such a transition might be possible also within serious game industry, but also to discuss the threats and opportunities of the transition, both based on case studies as well as on comparison with experiences in other industries

Rethinking community in the aftermath of communitarianism: outlines of a phenomenological path

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Alberto Pirni

2013-07-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2013v12n1p1 Three decades after it arose, the contemporary Communitarianism and the questions it raised still appear to beworthy of serious attention. In an attempt to confront this legacy, the first part of the present essay seeks to propose aredefinition of the concept of community. It does so by setting itself two key phenomenological questions, which areboth devoted to the concept of sharing. The first question asks how something can be shared amongst multiplebeings who are divided by emotional, ethical, religious, linguistic and ethnic differences. The second and no lessfundamental question, in turn, asks what people have to share in the first place. The second part of the essay invokesa familiar Kantian distinction in order to sketch out and discuss a proposed ‘semantics of sharing’. This semanticmodel is intended to clarify and enrich the questions surrounding the ‘integration of the self’, which constitutes oneof the most central aspects of the human being’s need for sociality.

Da necessidade da criação de um Código de Processo Constitucional brasileiro

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Luiz Fernando Vescovi

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This research aims to study, in an objective and systematic, factual feasibility of implementing a codified system of standard regards the constitutional processualistic, behold, he pacified the understanding of the autonomy of the legal branch of the Constitutional Procedural Law, from which it extracts laws sparse of writs that compose it, as well as the types of judicial concentrated. The scope of the online investigative proposal is to create a code structure that houses all procedural constitutional manner outlined for the purpose of facilitating the application of rules which has the prerogative to safeguard and / or protect fundamental rights and guarantees (supraindividuals carved in the Magna Card of 1988, in view of the legal branch alluded still lacks about coding within the national legal system.

As armas dos cristãos

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Angelica Hoffler

2002-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, we analyse Juazeiro do Norte particularly considering the belief that the End do the World is about to happen and the need of having their sins forgiven, Man, pilgrim in this world, takes advantage of the weapons offered by the Holy Writ and by the Compassion Books to fight against the eternal enemy. They are: the alms, the fasting, the prayer, the humiliation. / Diante da crença na iminência do Fim dos Tempos e da necessidade de remissão dos pecados, o Homem, peregrino sobre este mundo vale-se das armas que lhe são fornecidads pelas Escrituras e pelos Manuais de Piedade para combater o inimigo eterno. São elas: a esmola, o jejum, a oração, a mortificação.

Emerging New Physics with Major Implications for Energy Technology, Biology, and Medicine

Science.gov (United States)

Mallove, Eugene F.

2003-03-01

In the past 15 years, reproducible experiments and prototype technological devices have emerged that may revolutionize much of physics and chemistry(despite the common perception that modern physics is on very solid ground and is nearing a "Theory of Everything"). This new physics has flourished despite very strong opposition by the entrenched foundational paradigms within physics and chemistry ( not to forget vested financial interests within academia). In fact, beginning with "cold fusion" (more generically low-energy nuclear reactions, LENR), one of the most important discoveries of the late 20th Century has been the irrefutable proof of the failure of the physics establishment to deal ethically and appropriately with potential and real paradigm shifts, when its "sacred writ" ( i.e. Its textbooks) -- are threatened with the need for massive revision.

Waste/Rock Interactions Technology Program: the status of radionuclide sorption-desorption studies performed by the WRIT program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Serne, R.J.; Relyea, J.F.

1982-04-01

The most credible means for radionuclides disposed as solid wastes in deep-geologic repositories to reach the biosphere is through dissolution of the solid waste and subsequent radionuclide transport by circulating ground water. Thus safety assessment activities must consider the physicochemical interactions between radionculides present in ground water with package components, rocks and sediments since these processes can significantly delay or constrain the mass transport of radionuclides in comparison to ground-water movement. This paper focuses on interactions between dissolved radiouclides in ground water and rocks and sediments away from the near-field repository. The primary mechanism discussed is adsorption-desorption, which has been studied using two approaches. Empirical studies of adsorption-desorption rely on distribution coefficient measurements while mechanism studies strive to identify, differentiate and quantify the processes that control nuclide retardation

Collaborative routes to clarifying the murky waters of aqueous supramolecular chemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Cremer, Paul S; Flood, Amar H; Gibb, Bruce C; Mobley, David L

2017-12-19

On planet Earth, water is everywhere: the majority of the surface is covered with it; it is a key component of all life; its vapour and droplets fill the lower atmosphere; and even rocks contain it and undergo geomorphological changes because of it. A community of physical scientists largely drives studies of the chemistry of water and aqueous solutions, with expertise in biochemistry, spectroscopy and computer modelling. More recently, however, supramolecular chemists - with their expertise in macrocyclic synthesis and measuring supramolecular interactions - have renewed their interest in water-mediated non-covalent interactions. These two groups offer complementary expertise that, if harnessed, offer to accelerate our understanding of aqueous supramolecular chemistry and water writ large. This Review summarizes the state-of-the-art of the two fields, and highlights where there is latent chemical space for collaborative exploration by the two groups.

Collaborative routes to clarifying the murky waters of aqueous supramolecular chemistry

Science.gov (United States)

Cremer, Paul S.; Flood, Amar H.; Gibb, Bruce C.; Mobley, David L.

2018-01-01

On planet Earth, water is everywhere: the majority of the surface is covered with it; it is a key component of all life; its vapour and droplets fill the lower atmosphere; and even rocks contain it and undergo geomorphological changes because of it. A community of physical scientists largely drives studies of the chemistry of water and aqueous solutions, with expertise in biochemistry, spectroscopy and computer modelling. More recently, however, supramolecular chemists -- with their expertise in macrocyclic synthesis and measuring supramolecular interactions -- have renewed their interest in water-mediated non-covalent interactions. These two groups offer complementary expertise that, if harnessed, offer to accelerate our understanding of aqueous supramolecular chemistry and water writ large. This Review summarizes the state-of-the-art of the two fields, and highlights where there is latent chemical space for collaborative exploration by the two groups.

Zastosowanie akupunktury w leczeniu obniżonego libido u kobiet w okresie menopauzy

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Piotr Woźniak

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Menopause of Polish women occurs approximately between 48 and 52 years of life. It is a time of manydisorders in the woman’s organism, which not only affect the health but also deteriorate the quality of life. Oneof the symptoms of menopause, very frequently “bashfully unsaid”, is the occurrence of decreasing libido amongthe patients. Despite the fact of hormonal replacement therapy (HRT in treating symptoms of near menopausalstage, some of the women still suffer the decrease of libido. Acupuncture as an element of traditional Chinesemedicine (TCM has been in use for thousands of years in therapy of many different chronic illnesses. Sincea couple of years ago once more we have been using it in menopause therapy. This article describes the impactof use of acupuncture procedures on level of libido in a group of 24 women aged 54-56. We observed a beneficialimpact of acupuncture procedures both on the increasing level of libido and in the improvement of women’slife after the treatment because of the profitable influence of acupuncture on different symptoms of climactericsyndrome (hot flashes, night sweats, sleeping disorder, depression.

Neoliberal Justice and the Transformation of the Moral: The Privatization of the Right to Health Care in Colombia.

Science.gov (United States)

Abadía-Barrero, César Ernesto

2016-03-01

Neoliberal reforms have transformed the legislative scope and everyday dynamics around the right to health care from welfare state social contracts to insurance markets administered by transnational financial capital. This article presents experiences of health care-seeking treatment, judicial rulings about the right to health care, and market-based health care legislation in Colombia. When insurance companies deny services, citizens petition the judiciary to issue a writ affirming their right to health care. The judiciary evaluates the finances of all relevant parties to rule whether a service should be provided and who should be responsible for the costs. A 2011 law claimed that citizens who demand, physicians who prescribe, and judges who grant uncovered services use the system's limited economic resources and undermine the state's capacity to expand coverage to the poor. This article shows how the consolidation of neoliberal ideology in health care requires the transformation of moral values around life. © 2015 by the American Anthropological Association.

Basic operator theory

CERN Document Server

Gohberg, Israel

2001-01-01

rii application of linear operators on a Hilbert space. We begin with a chapter on the geometry of Hilbert space and then proceed to the spectral theory of compact self adjoint operators; operational calculus is next presented as a nat­ ural outgrowth of the spectral theory. The second part of the text concentrates on Banach spaces and linear operators acting on these spaces. It includes, for example, the three 'basic principles of linear analysis and the Riesz­ Fredholm theory of compact operators. Both parts contain plenty of applications. All chapters deal exclusively with linear problems, except for the last chapter which is an introduction to the theory of nonlinear operators. In addition to the standard topics in functional anal­ ysis, we have presented relatively recent results which appear, for example, in Chapter VII. In general, in writ­ ing this book, the authors were strongly influenced by re­ cent developments in operator theory which affected the choice of topics, proofs and exercises. One ...

FEMINISME DALAM PROSA LAMA “TJERITA NJI PAINA” KARANGAN H. KOOMER

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Laura Andri R.M

2016-04-01

Full Text Available “Tjerita Nji Paina” was written during the Dutch Colonial period in Indonesia in 1900. In the work of H. Kommer, “Tjerita Nji Paina” is appeared differently compared to the other writting on gender similar issues at the same era. The author’s strong simphaty and compassion to ”nyai” destiny has ameliorated the negative image of concubine life system in the Dutch Kolonial era. This literature work has clearly shown the braveness of a Dutch Indies woman in dealing with unfairness she faced in her inferior position. Her consiousness on the existent that she was under pressure of patriarchy superiority power has pushed her to struggle to be equal to men. The aim of this research is to unshield ideas fighting the patriarchy system in the community. Other, it pictured the women’s efforts to come out from the negative stereotipe that show them as weak and powerless. This research is conducted using feminist literary criticism approach in descriptive qualitative methods.

The perils and promises of microbial abundance: novel natures and model ecosystems, from artisanal cheese to alien seas.

Science.gov (United States)

Paxson, Heather; Helmreich, Stefan

2014-04-01

Microbial life has been much in the news. From outbreaks of Escherichia coli to discussions of the benefits of raw and fermented foods to recent reports of life forms capable of living in extreme environments, the modest microbe has become a figure for thinking through the presents and possible futures of nature, writ large as well as small. Noting that dominant representations of microbial life have shifted from an idiom of peril to one of promise, we argue that microbes--especially when thriving as microbial communities--are being upheld as model ecosystems in a prescriptive sense, as tokens of how organisms and human ecological relations with them could, should, or might be. We do so in reference to two case studies: the regulatory politics of artisanal cheese and the speculative research of astrobiology. To think of and with microbial communities as model ecosystems offers a corrective to the scientific determinisms we detect in some recent calls to attend to the materiality of scientific objects.

Necessity of Proper Lashing of Containers on the Ship's Deck as Part of Optimization of the Sea Voyage

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Zoran Radišić

2004-03-01

Full Text Available These days we are witnessing an increase of container trafficin general and at sea in particular. In order to economizetheir business the ship owners are building bigger container vesselswhich can carry up to 8000 TEUs (Maersk line and otherbig carriers are following suit. On the drawing board is the vesselof 12000 TEUs from the mentioned ship owner. Obviously,such large quantity of containers requires highly efficient lashingequipment in order to secure them, particularly thosestowed on the deck Under the deck, almost as a rule all contemporarycontainer ships have cell guides as securing devices.Attention in this work is focused on container lashing systemexposed on the ship's deck and the relevant forces acting on thelash system during transportation at sea. Once containers areloaded on the ship's deck they should be safely secured by oneof the lashing systems in order to prevent damage and that is theprincipal task of the lashing equipment engaged within theframe of the lash system. In order to fulfill its objective theforces acting on the container should be properly calculated.The acting forces, their influence and the way of calculatingthem have been explained for all the major ship movementsand suggestions for optimum lashing equipment are given.

EFEITO DA SILVICULTURA PÓS-COLHEITA NA POPULAÇÃO DE Lecythis lurida (Miers Mori EM UMA FLORESTA DE TERRA FIRME NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA

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Marisol Taffarel

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The growth rate of trees dbh > 35cm of a Lecythis lurida (Miers Mori (jarana population was evaluated in a 700ha area of natural forest after logging and applying silvicultural treatments in the municipality of Paragominas, in Pará state. Seven treatments were established: in three of them climbers were cut and competitor trees were girdled after logging; in two of them only climber cutting was performed; in oneof them the forest was logged; and one of them remained with no silvicultural intervention. The yearly diameter increment of the species was calculated from 2005 to 2009, considering also the crown shape of trees and the intensity of light on tree crown. Growth rate of Lecythis lurida was higher in T3 (only climber cutting’differing statistically from the T7 (unlogged forest. In the treatments T1, T2 and T3 where climber were cut and competitors-trees were girdled, diameter increment of the species was similar to the forest that was logged but not treated, although the trees with good shape and complete crowns receiving full light had high increment in those treatments. Therefore, one can infer that five years were not enough to conclude on the effects of the silvicultural treatments over the species growth rate.

Gender Writ Small: Gender Enactments and Gendered Narratives about Lab Organization and Knowledge Transmission in a Biomedical Engineering Research Setting

Science.gov (United States)

Malone, Kareen Ror; Nersessian, Nancy J.; Newstetter, Wendy

This article presents qualitative data and offers some innovative theoretical approaches to frame the analysis of gender in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) settings. It begins with a theoretical discussion of a discursive approach to gender that captures how gender is lived "on the ground." The authors argue for a less individualistic approach to gender. Data for this research project was gathered from intensive interviews with lab members and ethnographic observations in a biomedical engineering lab. Data analysis relied on a mixed methodology involving qualitative approaches and dialogues with findings from other research traditions. Three themes are highlighted: lab dynamics in relation to issues of critical mass, the division of labor, and knowledge transmission. The data illustrate how gender is created in interactions and is inflected through forms of social organization.

PRIVATE SECTOR IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY: A REALITY AND A CHALLENGE IN PAKISTAN.

Science.gov (United States)

Shaikh, Babar Tasneem

2015-01-01

Under performance of the public sector health care system in Pakistan has created a room for private sector to grow and become popular in health service delivery, despite its questionable quality, high cost and dubious ethics of medical practice. Private sector is no doubt a reality; and is functioning to plug many weaknesses and gaps in health care delivery to the poor people of Pakistan. Yet, it is largely unregulated and unchecked due to the absence of writ of the state. In spite of its inherent trait of profit making, the private sector has played a significant and innovative role both in preventive and curative service provision. Private sector has demonstrated great deal of responsiveness, hence creating a relation of trust with the consumers of health in Pakistan, majority of who spend out of their pocket to buy 'health'. There is definitely a potential to engage and involve private and non-state entities in the health care system building their capacities and instituting regulatory frameworks, to protect the poor's access to health care system.

Detached concern?: Emotional socialization in twenty-first century medical education.

Science.gov (United States)

Underman, Kelly; Hirshfield, Laura E

2016-07-01

Early works in medical sociology have been pivotal in the development of scholarly knowledge about emotions, emotional socialization, and empathy within medical training, medical education, and medical contexts. Yet despite major shifts in both medical education and in medicine writ-large, medical sociologists' focus on emotions has largely disappeared. In this paper, we argue that due to recent radical transformations in the medical arena, emotional socialization within medical education should be of renewed interest for sociologists. Developments in medical education such as increased diversity among enrollees, the rise of patient health movements, and curricular transformation have made this context a particularly interesting case for sociologists working on a variety of questions related to structural, organizational, and cultural change. We offer three areas of debate within studies in medical education that sociologists may be interested in studying: 1) gendered and racialized differences in the performance of clinical skills related to emotion, 2) differences in self-reported empathy among subspecialties, and 3) loss of empathy during the third year or clinical year of medical school. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Metodologías en el estudio de violencia sexual dentro del conflicto armado colombiano

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Lina M. Céspedes-Báez

2014-04-01

Full Text Available In order to do an accurate legal research on sexual violence in the context of armed conflict it is essential to determine the appropriate methodologies to identify and understand this phenomenon. Since the 2000s, national and international NGOs and activists have approached sexual violence in the context of the Colombian internal armed conflict through the documentation of specific cases and the identification of relevant national and international laws. The Colombian Constitutional Court followed suit, and in 2008 issued Writ 092 (Auto 092 using that very same methodology. In 2009, Consultoria para los Derechos Humanos y el Desplazamiento (CODHES applied a new methodology to study sexual violence in armed conflict context using the category of analysis "massacre". After testing the usefulness of that category of analysis in three continuous researches, it was evident that this new category also has conceptual downsides. This article elaborates on those disadvantages and proposes a new category to analyze sexual violence in the context of the Colombian armed conflict: Giorgio Agamben's theorisations of the camp.

Distribution and covering percentage of sponge (Porifera in different coral reef condition and depth in Barranglompo Island, South Sulawesi

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SUHARYANTO

2008-07-01

Full Text Available In 1996, four specieses of sponge namely Auletta sp., Callyspongia pseudoreticulata, Callyspongia sp., and Halichondria sp. have been potentially identified as bacteriside for fishery commodities. Nevertheless, information on sponge distribution, its covering percentage, and its habitate are still very little. Observation on distribution and abundance of sponge was conducted in the Southeastern and the Northwestern part of Barranglompo Island, South Sulawesi, using scuba diving set and under water writting tools. At first, coral reef condition in 3 and 10 m depths up to 100 m length of shore line were observed in both stations, using “lifeform method”. Then distribution and covering percentage of sponge, biotic and abiotic factor in 3, 6, 9, and 12 m depths in both stations were examined using “square transect method”. The result showed that different coral reef condition qualitatively causes different of sponge species distribution, but quantitatively not significantly different (P>0,05 on its covering percentage. It was also found that generally sponge grows better at the dead coral where no other biotic organism around.

Case law

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-01-01

This section reports on 7 case laws from 4 countries: - France: Conseil d'Etat decision, 28 June 2013, refusing to suspend operation of the Fessenheim nuclear power plant; - Slovak Republic: New developments including the Supreme Court's judgment in a matter involving Greenpeace Slovakia's claims regarding the Mochovce nuclear power plant; New developments in the matter involving Greenpeace's demands for information under the Freedom of Information Act; - Switzerland: Judgment of the Federal Supreme Court in the matter of the Departement federal de l'environnement, des transports, de l'energie et de la communication (DETEC) against Ursula Balmer-Schafroth and others on consideration of admissibility of a request to withdraw the operating licence for the Muehleberg nuclear power plant; - United States: Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit granting petition for writ of mandamus ordering US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to resume Yucca Mountain licensing; Judgment of the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit invalidating two Vermont statutes as preempted by the Atomic Energy Act; Judgment of the NRC on transferring Shieldalloy site to New Jersey's jurisdiction

An asynchronous writing method for restart files in the gysela code in prevision of exascale systems*

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Thomine O.

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The present work deals with an optimization procedure developed in the full-f global GYrokinetic SEmi-LAgrangian code (GYSELA. Optimizing the writing of the restart files is necessary to reduce the computing impact of crashes. These files require a very large memory space, and particularly so for very large mesh sizes. The limited bandwidth of the data pipe between the comput- ing nodes and the storage system induces a non-scalable part in the GYSELA code, which increases with the mesh size. Indeed the transfer time of RAM to data depends linearly on the files size. The necessity of non synchronized writing-in-file procedure is therefore crucial. A new GYSELA module has been developed. This asynchronous procedure allows the frequent writ- ing of the restart files, whilst preventing a severe slowing down due to the limited writing bandwidth. This method has been improved to generate a checksum control of the restart files, and automatically rerun the code in case of a crash for any cause.

Psychoanalysis: the sacred and the profane.

Science.gov (United States)

Frosch, Allan

2014-06-01

Colleagues from a variety of perspectives have written about the propensity to enshrine psychoanalytic theory. The meaning of the word "enshrine" is to cherish as sacred an idea or philosophy and protect it from change. In other words, the way we view psychoanalysis, our theories of mind and technique, become holy writ and we have divided the world of theory into the sacred and the profane. This is the kiss of death for theory, which must constantly evolve and change, but comforting for the analyst who believes he is on the side of the right, the sacred. In this paper I will discuss how our propensity to enshrine theory has had a debilitating effect on the development of psychoanalysis and, in particular, as a treatment for the most vulnerable people who seek our help. I also address the idea that movement away from enshrined positions allows us to construct different versions of reality. In this context, the notion of "action at a distance" is presented along with the attendant idea of psychoanalytic entanglement.

Energy policy in the European Community: conflicts between the objectives of the unified single market, supply security and a clean environment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Surrey, J.

1992-01-01

Policies for energy and the environment in Europe were previously the preserve of national governments, but the Commission of the European Community has gained a role in both policy areas in the past few years. This was due to the 1987 Single European Act which, in effect, extends the writ of competition law throughout the energy and other previously excluded sectors, expresses the desire to reduce acid rain and greenhouse gas emissions, and reaffirms Europe's renewed concern for long-term oil and gas supply security after the Gulf War and the disintegration of the USSR. The Commission's proposals for the unified internal energy market were driven by concern for competition and free market forces, and seemed to exclude any scope for long-term policy considerations. This paper argues that the implementation of those proposals will be uneven and protracted, and that the Commission's more recent proposals for reducing CO 2 emissions and the European Energy Charter appear to mark positive steps towards a long-term strategy for a clean environment, energy efficiency, and oil and gas supply security. 27 refs., 4 tabs

HUBUNGAN SEGITIGA ANTARA BIROKRAT PENGUSAHA DAN POLITIKUS PARTAI DEMOKRASI LIBRAL (JIMINTOO DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM DI JEPANG

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I Made Sendra

2015-06-01

Full Text Available In Japan, after The Second World War, the pressure groupscame from big companies, which had important role toredevelop Japanese industries. Due to the fact that theywere involved in establishing the economic policiessince 1950, the political life style was expressed asthough the domination of triangle’s strength, such as; theLiberal Democracy Party (LDP politician, bureaucrat,and businessman. Businessman (industrialist as oneof pressure groups wanted to control the government ofruling party to give political finance.The pressure group, such as, Zaikei (the groupof big companies, they got unilateral eases in terms ofregulation, clearance and act. Nevertheless, the trianglerelation was not permanent because the economic growthhad made pollution and urbanization. It made contradictionto the politician’s interest. The Japanese people prosecutedthe LDP politician and bureaucrat to restrain the pollutionand increase the social welfare and the life quality. Thepressure group used many ways to influence and to controlthe government’s policies by making Advisory Board(Shingikai which was consisted of professional andcommon people.The collusion, corruption and bribe scandal cameinto the fore involving the former Japanese prime ministerswho were from the LDP politicians. They were causedby some factors such as: (a the Japanese culture and thepolitician morality; (b the election system of the House of Representatives members; (c the competition amongthe faction of LDP to become the president of LDP, whichhave a chance to be the Japanese prime minister.

Amicus brief in Ariosa v. Sequenom: Why the U.S. Supreme Court should grant the petition for a writ of certiorari

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Minssen, Timo

2016-01-01

I am happy to announce that on April 20th the New York attorney Robert M. Schwartz and I have filed an amicus brief at the US Supreme Court with the Berkeley-based attorney Andrew J. Dhuey as Counsel of Record. The brief, which was signed by 10 prominent European and Australian Law Professors as ......, but the pros and cons of such alternative approaches would have to be carefully considered. The Amici curiae have no stake in the parties or in the outcome of the case. A full list of the Amici is appended at the end of the brief....... overly-broad patent claims, while also permitting, well-defined, narrower claims on diagnostic technology. In our view, the current approach conflates the patent eligibility test with issues that can be more sensibly addressed within a strict and coherent assessment of novelty, non...... driving technological progress run dry. Accordingly, we urge the Supreme Court to clarify a patent eligibility test in line with its longstanding jurisprudence and in harmony with international and European law. If the CAFC’s restrictive interpretation should prevail, however, I believe...

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTIONS OF THE CAUSES OFPOVERTY AND HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

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W.C.J. Grobler

2016-07-01

Full Text Available As pioneered by Feagin (1972, the literature on the theories of poverty focuses onindividualistic, structural and fatalistic causes of poverty. The individualisticperception blames individuals themselves for their poverty situation. In contrast,the structural perception of poverty blames society for poverty, while the fatalisticperception views poverty asmerely bad luck. Evenalthoughvariouspeople havedifferent perceptions of the causes of poverty, these viewstypically fall into oneof these three categories. People tend to ascribe to these perceptions mostlybecause of their ontological and cosmological views of life, which are influencedby household characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate thehousehold characteristics that determine perceptions of household heads withregard to the causes of poverty. Indexes on individualistic, structural and fatalisticperceptions were calculated for each household and used as dependent variables inan Ordinary Least Squares (OLS regression model. The study found that ahousehold head’syears of schooling, grant recipients and food insecurity werestrong predictors of thestructural perception while as regardstheindividualisticperception, the study reporteda positive strong relationship with theage of thehead ofa household, the number of years ofschoolingreceived by the head of thehouseholdwhereas there wasa negative significant relationship withfood insecure households, and also withfemale heads of household. Fatalisticperceptions were stronglypredicted by food insecurity, grant recipients and yearsof schooling of the head of household. The implications of the results are thatpolicy makers need to first understand the perceptions of the poor before comingup with mitigating programmes as the perceptions might influencetheeffectiveness of the interventions.

SUSTAINABLE ORIGINS IN ARCHITECTURE OF FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

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Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Frank Lloyd Wright is the greatest American architect and oneof the greatest architects the world. His career began at theend of the 19th century, during the great architectural boom inChicago, under the mentorship of Louis Henry Sullivan, fromwhom he adopted and then perfected the concepts of organicarchitecture and the Prairie house. During the Depressionyears, Wright developed a cheaper and simpler variant of thePrairie house: the Usonian house.Wright's architecture is characterised by an entirely newapproach to building design, particularly the design of houses.He reduced the number of rooms by combining their functionsin a large living space with a central fireplace. He used largeglazed areas to connect the external environment of the housewith the interior. The natural environment of the prairie wasthe inspiration for the horizontal lines that characterised hisarchitecture. His buildings are low in height, close to humanscale and with a great feeling for the natural setting in whichthey are built. He selected materials from the surroundingarea and the principal decoration of his architecture was thenatural structure of the material.The paper presents the ideas of organic architecture, thePrairie house, the Usonian house, along with the best examplesof Wright's architecture and the criteria he employed in theselection of materials and construction technologies. Theenvironmental aspect of his philosophy of the use of materialsis considered in the discussion section.Wright may be considered a pioneer of sustainable architecture.

New science, old convictions - Texas Senate Bill 344: identifying further necessary reform in forensic science.

Science.gov (United States)

Soni, Naina

2015-02-01

In June 2013, Texas Senate Bill 344 (SB 344) was signed into law after strong Innocence Project support. SB 344 has since transformed the Texan judicial landscape. Known as the 'Junk Science Writ', SB 344 enables the court to grant habeas corpus relief based on scientific evidence that '(1) was not available to be offered by a convicted person at the convicted person's trial; or (2) contradicts scientific evidence relied on by the state at trial'. Inmates, such as the 'San Antonio Four', whose convictions were based upon what is now considered 'faulty' medical and forensic testimony, have been released under SB 344. Yet, science, as a field dependent on innovation, is inherently prone to debunking the scientific and forensic methods the law has relied upon to convict individuals. This commentary identifies policy behind SB 344, how SB 344 may influence the perception of science in the courtroom, and how 'junk science' is defined and/or limited. Furthermore, this commentary concludes that to achieve justice in the legal system through habeas relief based on 'junk science', it is necessary to revitalize and standardize forensic science.

Historicizing affect, psychoanalyzing history: pedophilia and the discourse of child sexuality.

Science.gov (United States)

Angelides, Steven

2003-01-01

Within the last two decades in Australia, Britain, and the United States, we have seen a veritable explosion of cultural panic regarding the problem of pedophilia. Scarcely a day passes without some mention in the media of predatory pedophiles or organized pedophile networks. Many social constructionist historians and sociologists have described this incitement to discourse as indicative of a moral panic. The question that concerns me in this article is: If this incitement to discourse is indicative of a moral panic, to what does the panic refer? I begin by detailing, first, how social constructionism requires psychoanalytic categories in order to understand the notion of panic, and second, how a psychoanalytic reading of history might reveal important unconscious forces at work in the current pedophilia "crisis" that our culture refuses to confront. Here, I will suggest a repressed discourse of child sexuality is writ large. I will argue that the hegemonic discourse of pedophilia is contained largely within a neurotic structure and that many of our prevailing responses to pedophilia function as a way to avoid tackling crucial issues about the reality and trauma of childhood sexuality.

A System to Generate SignWriting for Video Tracks Enhancing Accessibility of Deaf People

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Elena Verdú

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Video content has increased much on the Internet during last years. In spite of the efforts of different organizations and governments to increase the accessibility of websites, most multimedia content on the Internet is not accessible. This paper describes a system that contributes to make multimedia content more accessible on the Web, by automatically translating subtitles in oral language to SignWriting, a way of writing Sign Language. This system extends the functionality of a general web platform that can provide accessible web content for different needs. This platform has a core component that automatically converts any web page to a web page compliant with level AA of WAI guidelines. Around this core component, different adapters complete the conversion according to the needs of specific users. One adapter is the Deaf People Accessibility Adapter, which provides accessible web content for the Deaf, based on SignWritting. Functionality of this adapter has been extended with the video subtitle translator system. A first prototype of this system has been tested through different methods including usability and accessibility tests and results show that this tool can enhance the accessibility of video content available on the Web for Deaf people.

A QoS aware services mashup model for cloud computing applications

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Yee Ming Chen

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Purpose: With the popularity of cloud computing, cloud services have become to be application programming platform where users can create new applications mashup(composing the functionality offered byothers.By composing of distributed, cloud services dynamicallyto provide more complex tasks, services mashup provides an attractive way for building large-scale Internetapplications.Oneof the challenging issues of cloud services mashup is how to find service paths to route the service instances provider through whilemeeting the applications’ resource requirements so that the QoS constraints are satisfied. However, QoS aware service routing problem istypically NP-hard.The purpose of this paper is to propose a QoS Aware Services Mashup(QASM model to solve this problem more effectively.Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, we focus on the QoS aware services selection problem in cloud services mashup, for example, given the user service composition requirements and their QoS constraint descriptions, how to select the required serviceinstances and route the data flows through these instances so that the QoS requirements are satisfied. We design a heuristic algorithm to find service paths to route the data flows through whilemeeting the applications’ resource requirements and specific QoS constraints.Findings: This study propose a QoS Aware Services Mashup(QASM model to solve this problem more effectively. Simulations show that QASM can achieve desired QoS assurances as well as load balancing in cloud services environment.Originality/value: This paperpresent a QASM model for providing high performance distributedapplications in the cloud computing systems.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Comparing Alginate Silver Dressing with Silver Zinc Sulfadiazine Cream in the Treatment of Pressure Ulcers

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Apirag Chuangsuwanich

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Background The treatment of pressure ulcers is complicated, given the various wound dressingproducts available. The cost of different treatments varies and the cost-effectiveness of eachproduct has not been thoroughly evaluated. We compare two wound dressing protocolsalginatesilver dressing (AlSD and silver zinc sulfadiazine cream (AgZnSD with regard towound healing and cost-effectivenessMethods Patients with grade III or IV sacral or trochanteric pressure ulcers were eligible forthis prospective, randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomized to receive oneof the two dressings for an eight-week period. The criteria of efficacy were based on thePressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH scoring tool. The cost of treatment was also assessed.Results Twenty patients (12 women and 8 men were randomly assigned to receive eitherAlSD (n=10 or AgZnSD cream (n=10. The demographic data and wound characteristics werecomparable in the two groups. The two groups showed no significant difference in the reductionof PUSH score, wound size, or volume of exudate. The tissue type score was significantlylower in the AlSD group (3.15±0.68-1.85±0.68 vs. 2.73±0.79-2.2±0.41; P=0.015. The costof treatment was significantly lower in the AlSD group (377.17 vs. 467.74 USD, respectively;P<0.0001.Conclusions Alginate silver dressing could be effectively used in the treatment of grade IIIand IV pressure ulcers. It can improve wound tissue characteristics and is cost-effective.

Jewish views on abortion.

Science.gov (United States)

Jakobovits, I

1968-01-01

In Jewish law right and wrong, good and evil, are absolute values which transcend time, place, and environment. They defy definition by human intuition or expediency. Jewish law derives from the Divine revelation at Mount Sinai as expounded by sages faithful to, and authorized by, its writ. The Talmud rules that if a woman is in hard travail, and her life must be saved, the child must be aborted and extracted. The mother's life comes first. The fetus is not a human life until it is born. But 19th century Rabbinical works state that it is immoral to destroy a monster child. Modern rabbis are unanimous in condemning abortion, feticide, or infanticide as an unconscionable attack on human life. However, Jewish law allows abortion if the pregnancy will cause severe psychological damage to the mother. No civilized society could survive without laws which occasionally cause some suffering or personal anguish. One human life is worth a million lives, because each life is infinite in value. In cases of rape or incest Jewish law still does not sanction abortion. Man's procreative responsibilities are serious and carry rights and obligations which would be upset by liberalized abortion laws. If a person kills a person who is mortally wounded, the killer is guilty of a moral offense.

Texte, intertexte et iconotexte dans le message publicitaire

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I. C. CORJAN

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The paper states the fact that although the roles of the text and of the image in an advertisement are dynamic and appear in variable proportions depending on numerous criteria, they are also beautifully balanced, especially if compared from a functional point of view, determining and depending upon each other in a coherent discursive unity. Between text and image there are usually the following relations of reciprocity: support (argumentation, redundancy, paraphrase; complementarity (in-formation that is autonomous in form, but convergent in content; rhetorical amplification (meaning transfer, metaphorisation, hyperbolisation etc.; opposition (antithesis, exaggeration, non-antagonistic contradiction etc.. In general, both the verbal and the iconic develop, much to their mutual advantage, an extra meaning which the former establishes linguistically, and the latter exaggerates visually. In this case, however, the image always goes beyond the verbal information, thanks to its deep-rooted polysemy. Thus, in the special case of printed advertising, there are a few prevalent icono-textual structures, with obvious intertextual and paratextual functions: intertextuality of the writ-ten text; figurative iconic intertextuality; icono-textual intertextuality; double intertextuality: verbal-written and icono-textual. The end of the study puts forward a new formulation of the icono-text and of the typology of printed advertising included in written media and indoor/ outdoor posting.

La visión directa de José de Ribera a través de los "Voyages en Italie" de los franceses en los siglos XVII y XVIII

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Amaya Alzaga Ruiz

2004-01-01

Full Text Available En la Francia del Grand Goût de los siglos XVII y XVIII empezó a fraguarse el mito romántico del pintor español José de Ribera, cuya leyenda de artista violento se consolidó en el siglo XIX. Frente a los escritos de Félibien y Dezallier D’Argenville, los viajeros franceses del siglo XVIII opusieron su mirada personal ante la contemplación directa de sus obras conservadas en Nápoles. Sus comentarios escritos, que en muchas ocasiones permanecieron inéditos, suponen una crítica más moderna que la condena uniforme de la Academia.In France, during the 17th and 18th Century, where the Grand Goût was uniform, begann the romantic mith of the spanish painter José de Ribera, which legendary violence got in the 19th century consolidated. In front of the writtings of Félibien and Dezallier D’Argenville, the french travellers of the 18th century opposed their personal look of the direct contemplation of his works in Naples. Their texts, which in several ocasions remained unpublished, mean a more modern critic than the uniform condemn of the Academy.

In situ measurement of dynamic characteristics of atomic power plant equipment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arya, A.S.; Gupta, S.P.; Shrivastava, S.K.

1977-01-01

For the realistic assessment of stiffness and damping, full scale free vibration tests have been carried out on various pieces of equipment located in plant buildings both during the construction stage and after they are erected. Initial displacement or initial velocity was used to excite the free vibrations. Initial displacement was imparted by means of steel rope pulled with chain pulley block. The sudden release was achieved by means of a clutch system. Acceleration transducer with amplifier and ink writting oscillograph was used for recording the vibrations. Frequency and damping was evaluated from the acceleration records. Observed values for some equipment are given. For some equipment, it has been possible to obtain the values with and without pipe connections. The frequency of L.P. Heater in longitudinal and transverse directions without pipe connection were 17.86 and 10.04 Hz but with pipe connections the values increased to 26.74 and 17.85 Hz. Similarly there has been increase in the damping values too. Thus both the frequency and damping increases substantially with the addition of pipe connections. Moreover, their values are quite different in the two principal directions, pointing out to the importance of in situ measurements on prototype equipment

Making the middle classes on shifting ground? Residential status, performativity and middle-class subjectivities in contemporary London.

Science.gov (United States)

Benson, Michaela; Jackson, Emma

2017-06-01

This paper argues that shifts in access to housing - both in relation to rental and ownership - disrupt middle-class reproduction in ways that fundamentally influence class formation. While property ownership has had a long association with middle-class identities, status and distinction, an increasingly competitive rental market alongside inflated property prices has impacted on expectations and anxieties over housing futures. In this paper, we consider two key questions: (1) What happens to middle-class identities under the conditions of this wider structural change? (2) How do the middle classes variously manoeuvre within this? Drawing on empirical research conducted in London, we demonstrate that becoming an owner-occupier may be fractured along lines of class but also along the axes of age, wealth and timing, particularly as this relates to the housing market. It builds on understandings of residential status and place as central to the formation of class, orienting this around the recognition of both people and place as mutable, emphasizing that changing economic and social processes generate new class positionalities and strategies for class reproduction. We argue that these processes are writ large in practices of belonging and claims to place, with wider repercussions within the urban landscape. © London School of Economics and Political Science 2017.

AHP 28: Review - Origins and Migrations in the Extended Eastern Himalayas

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Jack Hayes

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This multidisciplinary anthology draws from papers presented at the international conference "Origins and Migrations Among TibetoBurman-Speakers of the Extended Eastern Himalaya" held at Humboldt University, Berlin in 2008. This collection of articles contributes to discussions surrounding the nature of and questions surrounding data, hypotheses, and theories of origins and migration in the 'extended Eastern Himalaya'. This region includes the hill peoples and territory ranging from eastern Nepal to runachal Pradesh, Nagaland, upland Southeast Asia and southwest China. Although there is some thematic overlap among the fourteen essays, they are quite a diverse lot, critically examining local and regional history, theoretical and methodological issues writ large, myths and rituals, society and social narrative, language and linguistic relationships, identity formation, and local-state dynamics related to local ideas about origins and migration. This book is particularly useful for gaining a better understanding of the issues linked to topics and theories of identity in the Eastern Himalaya (and wider Himalaya region more broadly considering the core importance of 'origins' in any construction or reconstruction of identity among diverse and idely spread communities. Graduate students and specialists interested in the Himalayan region will find this book useful. Individual chapters, especially the more theory-oriented ones, are also well suited for undergraduate courses.

SISTEM E-LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN iBT TOEFL (INTERNET BASE TEST OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA VOIP (VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL

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Muchammad Husni

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Dengan semakin berkembangnya komunikasi internasional saat ini, seseorang dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa global, diantaranya adalah bahasa Inggris. Salah satu alat untuk mengukur kemampuan berbahasa Inggris adalah dengan menggunakan TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Languge. iBT TOEFL ( Internet Base Test TOEFL mengukur kemampuan pembelajar untuk memahami, menggunakan dan mengerti bahasa Inggris ditingkat Universitas, disamping itu, test ini juga mengevaluasi seberapa baik pembelajar menggabungkan keterampilan mendengarkan/menyimak (listening, berbicara (speaking, membaca (reading, dan menulis (writing dalam bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini akan mengembangkan Sistem E-learning untuk pembelajaran (Pelatihan dan Tes TOEFL menggunakan jaringan intranet yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan TOEFL pembelajar dengan memberikan hasil keluaran berupa kelemahan seseorang dalam menjawab soal-soal tes. iBT TOEFL terdiri atas 4 (empat bagian tes yaitu Listening, Writting, Reading dan Speaking. Sistem E-learning ini akan disertai dengan soal-soal latihan yang disesuaikan dengan kelemahan kemampuan TOEFL dari pembelajar/pengguna. Dengan demikian diharapkan Sistem E-learning ini dapat membantu pembelajar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan TOEFL sehingga target nilai TOEFL yang diinginkan dapat tercapai. Dalam sistem E-learning ini juga disediakan jalur komunikasi suara antara pembelajar/pengguna dengan penilai (assessor yang dikembangkan dengan teknologi VoIP untuk membantu pengguna dalam melatih teknik berbicara (speaking dalam bahasa Inggris.

Lie symmetry and their conserved quantities of Tzénoff equations for the vairable mass nonholonomic systems%变质量非完整系统Tzénoff方程的Lie对称性与其导出的守恒量

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

郑世旺; 王建波; 陈向炜; 李彦敏; 解加芳

2012-01-01

航天器运行系统大都属于变质量力学系统,变质量力学系统的对称性和守恒量隐含着航天系统更深刻的物理规律.本文首先导出了变质量非完整力学系统的Tzénoff方程,然后研究了变质量非完整力学系统Tzénoff方程的Lie对称性及其所导出的守恒量,给出了这种守恒量的函数表达式和导出这种守恒量的判据方程.该研究结果对进一步探究变质量系统所遵循的守恒规律具有一定的理论价值.%The operational system of the spacecraft is general a variable mass one,of which the symmetry and the conserved quantity imply physical rules of the space system.In this paper,Tzénoff equations of the variable mass nonholonomic system are derived,from which the Lie symmetries of Tzénoff equations for the variable mass nonholonomic system and conserved quantities are derived and are researched.The function expressions of conserved quantities and the criterion equations which deduce these conserved quantities are presented.This result has some theoretical value for further research of the conservation laws obeyed by the variable mass system.

Serotyping and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Common Bacterial Uropathogens in Urinary Tract Infections in Koohdasht, Lorestan Province

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Siavash Amraei

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Background: Oneof themostcommondiseases worldwide is urinary tract infection (UTI. The main agents causing these infectionsare bacteria. Urinary tract infections occur when uropathogens colonize the urethra, migrate to the bladder and invade urinary tract cells. Objectives: The purpose of this study was the detection of uropathogens causing UTIs, as well as serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of the most common bacteria. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 300 urine samples collected from patients referred to Koohdasht Imam Khomeini hospital of Lorestan province. After culturing the samples and determination of uropathogens, antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Serotyping was performed for the most common uropathogens by polyvalent and monovalent antisera. Results: Of the 300 samples, 61 samples (20.33% were positive for UTIs. Among these, 49 samples (80.33% were Gram-negative bacteria and 12 (19.67% Gram-positive. The most common uropathogens in UTIs were Escherichia coli (55.74%, Proteus species (11.47%, Staphylococcus epidermidis (11.47%, Citrobacter species (8.20%, Staphylococcus aureus (8.20% and Klebsiella species (4.92%, respectively. The rate of UTI in females (83.61% was more than males (16.39%. The highest level of resistance was towards trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and the lowest to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin. The most common uropathogen was Escherichia coli and the most common serotypes were O142:K86 and O25:K11, respectively. Conclusions: The treatment of UTIs and resistance control in bacteria should be done based on common strains and choosing an effective antibiotic. Therefore, the determination of prevalent bacterial strains in UTIs of each region based on laboratory tests is very important.

Caracterização da Contaminação por Petróleo e seus Derivados na Baía de Guanabara: Aplicação de Técnicas Organogeoquímicas e Organopetrográficas

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João Graciano Mendonça Filho

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The Guanabara Bay is the second bigger bay of the Brazilian coast. The bay is oneof most beautiful of the world and shelters an ample and protected natural environment,preponderant factor for the development of the region. Due the pollution of this ecosys-tem, today, the bay represents an important focus of environmental interest. In order todeterminate the preservation degree of the organic components of bottom sediments from Guanabara Bay, ninety-two samples were collected from these sediments, however, pre-liminarily, twenty-five samples were analyzed. These twenty-five samples were submittedto techniques of organic geochemistry (Total Organic Carbon - TOC and Rock-Evalpyrolysis to determinate the amount and quality of the organic matter, and microscopy(transmitted white light and reflected ultraviolet light. The TOC values of the twenty-fivesamples range from 0.04 to 6.1% indicating the high preservation degree of the organicmatter. The Rock- Eval pyrolysis data show Hydrogen Index (HI values from 25 to 249mg HC/gCOT; S1 values ranges from 0,02 to 5,6 mg HC/gR; Production Index (PI rise up0,5. The results of the microscopy investigation showed that occur a predominance ofamorphous organic matte (AOM over the palynomorphs and phytoclasts. The liptiniticmaterial showed a light yellow-greenish yellow fluorescence color. The percentages ofAOM, the TOC values and fluorescence color indicate a high degree of preservation of theorganic matter. The integration of the results from organic geochemistry and microscopytechniques indicate that the sediments of the Baía de Guanabara present very high hydro-carbon pollution, deposited in dysoxic-anoxic environment.

Moundsville Penitentiary Reconsidered: Second Thoughts on Hyperreality at a Small Town Prison Tour

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Allen Mendenhall

2010-02-01

Full Text Available In 2007, I toured Moundsville Penitentiary, a tourist spectacle that was once—and fairly recently—a working prison. I wrote about the experience as would a journalist, except that my working paradigm was the postmodern theory of hyperreality, which Jean Baudrillard used to describe the complex tensions between reality and illusion. A term of semiotics, hyperreality refers to the disappearance of the referent and its subsequent, oft-replicated simulation. It almost always involves strategically controlled images that distort and conceal true meaning. The International Journal of Baudrillard Studies published my essay in January 2009. Shortly thereafter, many of my libertarian friends and colleagues wrote to ask for clarification or to express their disagreements. In what follows, whether I’m describing hyperreality or speculating about the horror-themed attractions at Moundsville Penitentiary, my principal concern is laying the libertarian foundation for my argument. I do not mean to defend my theories so much as explain them; nor do I insist that my cultural criticism is somehow “the” right way. I simply hope to fill a critical vacuum and to generate conversation not only about the condition of the American prison system writ large, but also about state-run tourist attractions that glorify the history of the sovereign at the expense of real knowledge about human suffering.

Adolescents taken care of in a public service of urgency and emergency: profile of morbidade and mortality

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Islaine Fernandes Dubuc

2006-08-01

Full Text Available One is about a transversal descriptive inquiry in the characterize causes of morbidade and mortality between adolescents taken care of in the urgency and emergency service of a public hospital. The collection of data was carried through the attendance fiches, in the January, February and March months of 2003, totalizing 2722. The population consisted of adolescents of 10 the 19 years of age, residents in the city. The morbi-mortality causes had been classified in accordance with the International Classification of Desease (CID-10. More than the half of the taken care is for the feminine population (54.1%. The predominant causes of morbidade had been the infectious and parasitic illnesses in the feminine sex (26.5% and injuries and poisoning and some other consequences of external causes in the masculine sex (30.5%. The month of bigger attendance was March (38.4%. The period of the night was of bigger prevalence (37.6%. The medical clinic took care of 63.9% of the adolescents. They had received high, 84.6% of the cases and had not been detected deaths. The results contribute for the aiming of writ of prevention public politics the specific action, of control and reduction of the main causes of morbidade that take the adolescent population to look the service of ready aid.

IMPORTANCE OF STRATEGIC INFORMATIONS FOR PLANNING IN BASKETBALL

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Pavle Rubin

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Planning in basketball (like in other sports is one aspect of the job of a sport coach. Every coach while writting (creating, composing the plan and programme of a trainning (trainning proces should have the informations important for achievingsuccess. That kontigent of informations should be hierarchy arranged. Driving the pro- gramme the coach should always barring in mind what is the most important aim which in particular moment he wants to realise. Problem of this work is in fact that difference between coaches is that thay dont give certain importance to the particular informati- ons. Beside the necessity to know wich informations are the most important for solving a problem, it is important to prove their corelations. The aim of the research is to present the importance of identification and using of strategic infomations in planning (and pro- gramming in basketball. According to all infomations colected by coach he creates his strategic koncept. Using the strategic koncept he can create tactical koncept, particular koncept for the particular opponent (tactical plan and to (more or less use intime cer- tain tactical variance on the game (operative tactics. The coach (as the most important in the trainning process should be familiar with the science aspects of sport activities. That way he can overtake expected integral functions and be a lieder who gain the aim.

«La medida de su existencia». La abolición de las comunidades indígenas y el juicio de amparo en el contexto desamortizador. (Centro de México, 1856-1910

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Marino, Daniela

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This paper delves into the administrative and judicial process of the distribution of the communal property of the Indian population. It examines the consequences of some of the measures taken by the central Mexican states in order to overcome legal hurdles, as well as court decisions. By analyzing records of writs of protection presented by individuals, groups and villages, it aims to determine what the roles of the legislation, the jurisprudence and the judicial practices of the actors were in the transformation of the ownership culture, and how this process interwove with the constitution of State and citizenry.Este trabajo indaga sobre el proceso administrativo y judicial de reparto de la propiedad comunal de la población indígena. Examina las consecuencias de algunas medidas tomadas por estados del centro de México para subsanar escollos legales, así como la actuación de los tribunales. Mediante el análisis de expedientes de juicios de amparo presentados por individuos, grupos y pueblos busca determinar cuáles fueron los roles jugados por la legislación, la jurisprudencia y las prácticas jurídicas de los actores en la transformación de la cultura de la propiedad, y cómo se imbricó este proceso con la construcción del Estado y la ciudadanía.

HIV-related stigma and NGO-isation in India: a historico-empirical analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Nambiar, Devaki

2012-06-01

In response to World Bank critiques in 2007, the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare declared that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma was a barrier to the participation of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the implementation of HIV prevention targeted interventions. Taking a deeper view of HIV-related stigma as a historically inflected process of devaluation, this article details the history and transformation of NGO involvement in the HIV epidemic from 1986 through economic liberalisation in the 1990s up to the Second National AIDS Control Programme (NACP II 1999-2006). It additionally examines findings from interviews and participant observation of NGO workers (N = 24) from four targeted intervention NGOs in Delhi funded under NACP II. Analysis reveals that a second wave of HIV-related NGO involvement has mushroomed in the past two decades, affording NGO workers multiple pathways to credibility in the Indian response to the epidemic. Contradictions embedded in the overlap of these pathways produce stigma, reflecting 'adverse incorporation' of the NGO workers. Drawing upon noteworthy exceptions to this trend from the first wave of Indian HIV-related NGOs, the article calls for NGO participation as an explicitly political project of addressing the social inequalities that shape stigma as well as vulnerability to illness writ large. © 2011 The Author. Sociology of Health & Illness © 2011 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness/Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Respons Antibodi Sekunder Terhadap Penyakit Tetelo pada Ayam Petelur Pascavaksinasi Ulangan dengan Vaksin Tetelo Aktif (NEWCASTLE DISEASESECONDARY ANTIBODY RESPONSE AFTER REVACCINATION IN LAYER WITH THE ACTIVE ND VACCINE

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Andika Budi Kurnianto

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Revaccination is required in order to preventNewcastle Disease (ND reccurence inlayers chickens. Oneof vaccine for ND revaccination is freeze-died ND active vaccine containing e” 106,5EID50. Revaccinationisdone to trigger a faster secondary antibody responses in layers and can achieve protective antibody titersagainst ND that can be monitored by a hemagglutinationinhibition (HI. The aim of this study was todetermine the ND secondary antibody responses in layers after revaccination with ND active vaccine.Antibody titer of 20 layers chickens of 20 week old were determined before revaccinations (week 0 andafter revaccinations (week 1 until week 9. The first vaccination was conducted using ND-IB (NewcastleDisease-Infectious Bronchitis at the age of 2 days through eye drops and subcutaneous injection at the ageof 5 days using a dose of 1 ampoule.Vaccination is repeated at the age of 20 weeks at a dose of 1 ½ ampoule through drinking water. Blood samples were collected on the wing vein (venous cutane ulnar and left for 5-10 minutes at room temperature.Sera were then collected and stored at -20oC until use. HI antibody titerwas determined by micro titeration system. The HI mean titers were analyzed by Duncan test. The studyresults showed that antibody titer before revaccination was3,47 HI log 2 and the HI titers after revaccinationwere 4,02; 5,22; 6,52; 7,85; 8,4; 8,6; 7,7; 5,92; dan 3,87 HI log 2 respectivelly at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and9.The NDV revaccination with ND active vaccine significantly (P <0.01 increased in antibody titer inlayers starting from week 1 to week 6, but decreased following week 7 to week-9. It can be concluded thatrevaccinantion with ND active vaccine increases the antibody titers in layer chickens.

Czy pacjenci po przeszczepie nerki są świadomi konieczności stosowania ochrony przeciwsłonecznej?

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Anna Wojas-Pelc

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction. Organ transplant recipients are at 10-fold higher risk ofdeveloping basal cell carcinoma and up to 250-fold higher risk of developingsquamous cell carcinoma compared with the general population.Common risk factors include the type of immunosuppression, fair skin,male gender, older age and sunlight.Objective. To evaluate patients’ compliance with sunlight protectionbefore and after renal transplantation.Material and methods. The study covered 455 patients after renal transplantationaged 18-74 years. A special questionnaire was used to determineage, gender, place of residence, skin type (according to the Fitzpatrickclassification, hair and eye colour, and any episodes of sunburn.Outdoor occupation, frequency of sun exposure and residence in a hotclimate for a long time were taken into consideration for evaluation ofUV exposure. Information about use of sunscreens and protectiveclothes before and after the renal transplant procedure were also noted.Results. Before the renal transplant procedure only 20% of patientsavoided sun at midday (11 am - 4 pm compared to 64% of patientsafter renal transplantation. Sunscreens were used by 15.4% vs. 20% andprotective clothes 7.7% vs. 21.8% of patients respectively. After therenal transplant procedure 57.6% of patients started to use at least oneof the methods of skin cancer prophylaxis. After transplantation 44% ofpatients (p < 0.01 reported limiting time spent outdoors. 17.1% ofpatients started to use or used more frequently protective clothes(p < 0.0022 and 14.1% sunscreen creams (p < 0.0315 compared to thesituation before the surgical procedure. No sun protection such as protectiveclothes or sunscreen creams was still used by 78.2% and 80% ofpatients, respectively.Conclusions. There is insufficient protection against UV light amongpatients after renal transplantation, so further education is needed.

Old flying ice-rock body in space allows a glance at its inner working.

Science.gov (United States)

Bieler, A. M.

2015-12-01

I am studying old, cold bodies of rock and ice flying through space, usually far, far away from the Sun. They are even behind the last of the big 8 balls we call our home worlds. (There were 9 balls a few yearsago, but then one of the balls was not considered a ball anymore by some people and he/she had to leave the group.)Because they are so far away from the Sun, they remain dark and very cold for the most part of their life.That is why even most of the very nervous stuff sticks on them ever since. With stuff I mean the little things that the Sun, the big 8 balls, we humans and everything else that is flying around the Sun ismade of. The nervous ones quickly change into something wind like andcan get lost. But the cold on the ice-rock bodies slows this down andthey stick around. This makes those ice-rock bodies interesting tostudy, they did not change too much since they were made.I study news sent back from a computer controlled box flying around oneof those rock-ice things that is now closer to the Sun. When thespace between such a body and the Sun gets smaller, it warms up andsome of the ice changes into wind like things. We find out how muchof what stuff is flying away from that body and at what time.Then I and my friends put those numbers into a big ass computer to findout more on how those rock-ice bodies work. Where does the wind comefrom? Do they all come from the same place or only some? Is it really the Sun's fault? How many cups of ice change into wind each day? Many questions.

Assessment of adaptation strategies to flooding: A comparative study between informal settlements of Keko Machungwa in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Sangkrah in Surakarta, Indonesia

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Tumpale Sakijege

2014-11-01

Full Text Available A large number of informal settlements in developing countries are located in high risk areas(low-lying lands and on river banks. This situation is caused by poverty and the inabilityof authorities to supply planned plots for building to meet demands of the growing urbanpopulations. Informal settlements have, in turn, triggered disaster risks, flooding being just oneof them. As a way of reducing impacts of flooding, residents in informal settlements have resortedto the use of structural adaptation strategies. Despite these efforts, the vulnerability of peopleand properties in informal settlements is increasing. This article aimed to provide an answer as towhy this is the case, by assessing and comparing the technical suitability of adaptation strategiesto flooding in the informal settlements of Sangkrah and Keko Machungwa and recommendingmeasures for improvement. Household interviews, physical observation (visual inspections ofsigns of damage and deterioration, measurements of height of physical adaptation strategies,mapping, photographing, and in-depth interviews were the key methods employed. Generally,in both cases, it was determined that flood mitigation and risk minimisation measures throughstructural adaptation strategies were hardly achieved at the household level, as adaptationstrategies were constructed with little or no attention to acceptable technical considerations.However, when levels of compliance to technical considerations in the construction of houseswere compared between the two cases, they were found to be slightly higher in Sangkrah thanin Keko Machungwa. Residents in Sangkrah demonstrated a slight difference, especially in theuse of reinforced concrete (4.3% for constructing a building’s foundation, as well as in the useof ceramics (72.9% to construct the floor. In order to deliver technically suitable adaptationstrategies, efforts need to be directed toward: regulating and controlling the construction ofstructures for

Księgarnia i Biblioteka do Czytania Tomasza Szumskiego

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Artur Jazdon

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Tomasz Szumski, hitherto known in the literature as a secondary school teacher and the author of textbooks, was also the owner of a bookshop and a lending library attached to it. Both were in operation between 1809 and 1824. Their establishment was apparently effected by a deliberate wish to create an establishment that would counterbalance the influence of German bookshops in the town and would offer Polish and foreign literature (mainly French to as wide circles of readers as possible. Additionally, it was intended to be a bookshop that would provide support to the general public with selling textbooks and assigned reading texts for youths. For Szumski himself, the bookshop was also a source of considerable extra income. Szumski’s intention was to sell as much of the current publishing output from Warsaw, Cracow, Lvov, Wrocław (then Breslau and Vilna as possible. He also provided subscriptions to a great number of titles of newspapers and periodicals. He did not neglect the marketing issues involved in his line of business and published numerous book catalogues and kept the press well informed about his new acquisitions. In terms of its size, the bookshop was not a big place and, at the time of its forced closure effected by an administrative writ issued by the German authorities, nearly 2,500 titles were on offer. Following its closure it was repossessioned and bought by the German bookseller Ernst S. Mittler.

Effects of Language Cultural Differenceson College English Writting%中西语言文化差异对大学生英语写作的影响

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

杨扬

2014-01-01

语言是文化的载体，它具有丰富的文化内涵，可以用来反映一个民族的风俗习惯、道德宗教、思维方式、价值观念等。写作是语言输出的一种重要的表达形式，更是一种文化的外在反映。文章通过大学英语写作中常见失误的实例分析来阐述中西语言文化差异对大学生英语写作的影响，进而讨论大学英语写作教学中渗透、贯彻语言文化教学的意义。%Language is the carrier of culture and it is full of cultural connotations .Language can be used to reflect a nation’s social customs and habits ,ethics and religions ,ways of thinking as well as values .Writing ,as an important means of language expression ,is mirror of its culture .This paper ,through analyzing the errors in College students ’ English writing ,discusses the effects of language cultural differences between China and Western countries on college English writing as well as the significance of teaching culture in English writing classes .

Assessment of Effectiveness of Geologic Isolation Systems: REFERENCE SITE INITIAL ASSESSMENT FOR A SALT DOME REPOSITORY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harwell, M. A.; Brandstetter, A.; Benson, G. L.; Raymond, J. R.; Brandley, D. J.; Serne, R. J.; Soldat, J. K.; Cole, C. R.; Deutsch, W. J.; Gupta, S. K.; Harwell, C. C.; Napier, B. A.; Reisenauer, A. E.; Prater, L. S.; Simmons, C. S.; Strenge, D. L.; Washburn, J. F.; Zellmer, J. T.

1982-06-01

As a methodology demonstration for the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation (ONWI), the Assessment of Effectiveness of Geologic Isolation Systems (AEGIS) Program conducted an initial reference site analysis of the long-term effectiveness of a salt dome repository. The Hainesville Salt Dome in Texas was chosen to be representative of the Gulf Coast interior salt domes; however, the Hainesville Site has been eliminated as a possible nuclear waste repository site. The data used for this exercise are not adequate for an actual assessment, nor have all the parametric analyses been made that would adequately characterize the response of the geosystem surrounding the repository. Additionally, because this was the first exercise of the complete AEGIS and WASTE Rock Interaction Technology (WRIT) methodology, this report provides the initial opportunity for the methodology, specifically applied to a site, to be reviewed by the community outside the AEGIS. The scenario evaluation, as a part of the methodology demonstration, involved consideration of a large variety of potentially disruptive phenomena, which alone or in concert could lead to a breach in a salt dome repository and to a subsequent transport of the radionuclides to the environment. Without waste- and repository-induced effects, no plausible natural geologic events or processes which would compromise the repository integrity could be envisioned over the one-million-year time frame after closure. Near-field (waste- and repository-induced) effects were excluded from consideration in this analysis, but they can be added in future analyses when that methodology development is more complete. The potential for consequential human intrusion into salt domes within a million-year time frame led to the consideration of a solution mining intrusion scenario. The AEGIS staff developed a specific human intrusion scenario at 100 years and 1000 years post-closure, which is one of a whole suite of possible scenarios. This scenario

Hypertension – a public health problem

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Zélia Maria de Sousa Araújo Santos

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Hypertension is considered an important public health problem in Brazil,which is aggravated by its high prevalence and late detection. In addition, it is oneof the major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Hypertension, considered a “silent murder”, is the largest social problem indeveloped countries and in a large number of developing countries. Despite of knownefficacy and affectivity of various preventive and control measures, including thepharmacological ones, hypertension will continue, for decades, representing oneof the largest health challenges and high cost disease for individuals and society. Ifcontrol of existed cases, as well as control and prevention of risks factors for thisdisease are not implemented, this problematic will affect a large proportion of thepopulation in our country, which, in 2020, will have had increase significantly over60 years of age.Hypertension is a multifactor, multisystem syndrome. It can be cause bymultiple causes, being related to inadequate life style, constitutional factors, suchas: sex, age, race/color and family history; as well as environmental issues, suchas: sedentary lifestyle, stress, smoking, alcoholism, inadequate diet and obesity.Due to its silent course, a person can be surprised by its complications, beingnecessary learn to live with its chronic nature on an every day basis. Nevertheless,this type of problem is influenced by a series of determinants, including personalitycharacteristics, forms to face the disease, self-concept, self-image, experience withthe disease and health care professionals attitudes.One of the difficulties found in the treatment of persons with hypertensionis the lack of adhesion to the treatment, as 50% of the known patients withhypertension don’t treat themselves, and among those who do, few have controlledblood pressure. Between 30 and 50% of persons with hypertension stop treatmentwithin the first year of treatment, and 75% after five

In The U.S. Supreme Court SEQUENOM v. ARIOSA DIAGNOSTICS- On Petition For A Writ Of Certiorari To The U.S. Court Of Appeals For The Federal Circuit

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Minssen, Timo; Schwartz, Robert M.

2016-01-01

Sequenom’s patentable subject matter test introduced a rigid, atomistic approach to claims eligibility that would result in an unsound change to US patent policy, which has encouraged the global convergence of patent standards for over twenty years. The Sequenom 35 U.S.C. § 101 test conflicts...

CHOICE OF PRACTISES AND VARIANTS IN TRANINING OF A CIRCULAR ATTACKER

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Fahrudin Mavrić

2007-05-01

Full Text Available One o f m ost impo rta nt function s in handball is play o f a circular pla yer of pivo t man. Data used for this wor k are partially from my o wn practical work, then, us in g of domest ic and f oreign ex pe rt s’ literature as we ll as c onsultation s with fa mous domest ic and foreign top handball playe rs and co aches. Major part I have taken fr om my pe rs on al experience a s an active player but in recent tim e as a coach as well . The m a tter treated in this work is not o n ly a theore ti ca l consideration but i s also based mostl y upon so me pra ctical resu lts. Ha nd ball r el at ed lite ra ture domest ic and forein has advanced in a grea t way, meaning tha t many b ooks relating this matter have been writ ten in recent years . But al thoug h some books a boutn hadn ba ll pr actise have been wr itten, none o f them have an al yz ed individual pla y and training of a player for a certain task , in our ca se a „circular attack“ Ma ny handbooks and tex ts published by ou r or f oreign e xpe rts explain o nly partially the play of a player at the lin e of 6 meters.

Recent developments in MAD version 8

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grote, H.; Iselin, F.C.

1990-01-01

In view of experience with the language decoder and memory manager, large parts of MAD have been rewritten recently. The dynamic memory manager is replaced by the CERN-written ZEBRA package which has been used successfully in more than 100 other programs for HEP data analysis. A new dynamic table handler keeps large tables in memory as long as they fit; it dumps them on disk or to the Cray SSD (solid-state storage device) if necessary. Tables are accessed by simple subroutine calls in a manner transparent to the user. The input language has been extended to use a more object-oriented approach. Accelerator elements are described in terms of classes of objects, providing easy selection of single elements in a large machine. A powerful mechanism has been implemented for writting tables of selected optical functions and/or element parameters in selected positions of the machine. These tables are generated and written under control of the table handler, and can be read directly by the LEP control system. MAD contains a plot module with various options to plot data from internal tables. The tables can also be fed into a stand-alone plot program. At present the following program modulus are complete: Command Decoder; Optical Functions Calculation; Closed-Orbit Correction; Harmon (chromaticity calculation); Plotting. It is foreseen that by the end of 1989 the following other modules will be ready: Matching, including some new features; Lie Algebraic Analysis: Tracking by TRANSPORT and Lie Algebraic Methods; Electron Beam Parameters; Polarization. (orig.)

An Evidence-Based Objection to Retributive Justice.

Science.gov (United States)

Mammarella, Brian T M

Advancements in neuroscience and related fields are beginning to show, with increasing clarity, that certain human behaviors stem from uncontrolled, mechanistic causes. These discoveries beg the question: If a given behavior results from some combination of biological predispositions, neurological circumstances, and environmental influences, is that action unwilled and therefore absolved of all attributions of credit, blame, and responsibility? A number of scholars in law and neuroscience who answer "yes" have considered how the absence of free will should impact criminal law's willingness to justify punishments on the basis of retribution, with some arguing that criminal law ought to dispense with retributive justice because the concept of blameworthiness is out of touch with scientific reality. This Note posits a more practical reason for reform by reviewing available empirics on the way people perceive human agency. The research suggests that as the science of human agency becomes increasingly vivid and reductionistic, laypeople will become proportionally less willing to attribute blame, and these shifting societal intuitions will ultimately diminish criminal law's moral credibility. The practical effects of low moral credibility might include diminished compliance, cooperation, and acquiescence with criminal laws, as well as increased general deviance. Importantly, this Note observes that these effects will likely manifest even if people retain a belief in free will. Further, ontological reality plays no part in this Note's argument; whether we in fact have free will is irrelevant. This Note instead contributes to the discourse by highlighting the implications of oncoming shifts in lay conceptions of both particular behaviors and the natural world writ large.

Crafting a Democratic Enclave on the Cyberspace: Case Studies of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore

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Yangyue Liu

2011-01-01

Full Text Available As an antithesis of “authoritarian enclave” which has been well-established in the comparative politics literature, “democratic enclave” points to the institution of a state or the unambiguous regulatory space in society “where the authoritarian regime’s writ is substantively limited and is replaced by an adherence to recognizably democratic norms and procedures” (Gilley 2010. In this sense, the Internet space, embodied by information and communication technologies, has great potential to play such a role, since its “inherited” properties of decentralization and anonymity would inevitably breach the authoritarian rules. However, a closer look at three Southeast Asian states, Malaysia, Singapore and the “New Order” Indonesia whose regimes were characterized by authoritarianism when Internet was initially developed, reveals different trajectories. In the “New Order” Indonesia and Malaysia, the governments consciously left the Internet space uncontrolled; the online media developed independently, vibrantly, and professionally, especially in the Malaysian case; and there were strong connections between online and offline contentious politics. These elements made the Internet space in Indonesia and Malaysia a successful case of democratic enclave. Based on these criteria, however, the Internet space in Singapore has not achieved similar status. This paper analyses the different outcomes of enclave creation on the cyberspace among these countries. It argues that elite conflict and the strength of civil society are the two major factors that shape the differences. In this sense, the political contexts are of great importance for the understanding of Internet’s political impacts.

Planejamento urbano: o povo constitucional e a tarefa teórica de resgate do coletivo

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José Isaac Pilati

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Flagram-se, na CRFB e na legislaçãoinfraconstitucional, dois Brasil: um individualistaque reluta em desaparecer e outro novo, dedemocracia participativa, que não consegue seafirmar. Este só será realidade se forem criados osconceitos e categorias de direito material e direitoprocessual indispensáveis ao resgate jurídico docoletivo. Concretamente, é tarefa do povoconstitucional, no exercício de prerrogativasfundamentais como a de elaborar o plano diretorda cidade, visto como norma proveniente dademocracia direta e não da representativa. À teoriacabe contribuir: pela identificação dos benscoletivos a par dos bens públicos e privados; peloreconhecimento do sujeito de direito coletivo; pelacriação de um processo civil coletivo e pelaclassificação da propriedade em novas categorias.As propriedades especiais não só asseguram oefetivo cumprimento da função social, comodevolvem ao coletivo os bens “estadualizados”pelo velho constitucionalismo liberal.We find, in the CRFB and in theinfraconstitutional legislation, two Brazil: oneindividualist that refuses to go away and a new one,of participative democracy, that can not affirm itself.This will only be a reality with the creation of thenew concepts and categories of material andprocessual rights inalienable to the judicial rescue ofthe collective. In fact, this is a job of the constitutionalpeople, in the exercise of fundamental prerogativessuch as elaborating a city plan, seen as a norm whichcomes from direct and not representative democracy.It is fitting to add to the theory: for the identificationof the collective possessions together with the publicand private ones; for the recognition of the subjectof collective right; for the creation of a collectivecivil process and for the classification of property innew categories. The special properties not onlyassure the effective carrying out of the social function,but also return to the collective the possessions thatthe old liberal

Sorption of redox-sensitive elements: critical analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strickert, R.G.

1980-12-01

The redox-sensitive elements (Tc, U, Np, Pu) discussed in this report are of interest to nuclear waste management due to their long-lived isotopes which have a potential radiotoxic effect on man. In their lower oxidation states these elements have been shown to be highly adsorbed by geologic materials occurring under reducing conditions. Experimental research conducted in recent years, especially through the Waste Isolation Safety Assessment Program (WISAP) and Waste/Rock Interaction Technology (WRIT) program, has provided extensive information on the mechanisms of retardation. In general, ion-exchange probably plays a minor role in the sorption behavior of cations of the above three actinide elements. Formation of anionic complexes of the oxidized states with common ligands (OH - , CO -- 3 ) is expected to reduce adsorption by ion exchange further. Pertechnetate also exhibits little ion-exchange sorption by geologic media. In the reduced (IV) state, all of the elements are highly charged and it appears that they form a very insoluble compound (oxide, hydroxide, etc.) or undergo coprecipitation or are incorporated into minerals. The exact nature of the insoluble compounds and the effect of temperature, pH, pe, other chemical species, and other parameters are currently being investigated. Oxidation states other than Tc (IV,VII), U(IV,VI), Np(IV,V), and Pu(IV,V) are probably not important for the geologic repository environment expected, but should be considered especially when extreme conditions exist (radiation, temperature, etc.). Various experimental techniques such as oxidation-state analysis of tracer-level isotopes, redox potential measurement and control, pH measurement, and solid phase identification have been used to categorize the behavior of the various valence states

Sorption of redox-sensitive elements: critical analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Strickert, R.G.

1980-12-01

The redox-sensitive elements (Tc, U, Np, Pu) discussed in this report are of interest to nuclear waste management due to their long-lived isotopes which have a potential radiotoxic effect on man. In their lower oxidation states these elements have been shown to be highly adsorbed by geologic materials occurring under reducing conditions. Experimental research conducted in recent years, especially through the Waste Isolation Safety Assessment Program (WISAP) and Waste/Rock Interaction Technology (WRIT) program, has provided extensive information on the mechanisms of retardation. In general, ion-exchange probably plays a minor role in the sorption behavior of cations of the above three actinide elements. Formation of anionic complexes of the oxidized states with common ligands (OH/sup -/, CO/sup - -//sub 3/) is expected to reduce adsorption by ion exchange further. Pertechnetate also exhibits little ion-exchange sorption by geologic media. In the reduced (IV) state, all of the elements are highly charged and it appears that they form a very insoluble compound (oxide, hydroxide, etc.) or undergo coprecipitation or are incorporated into minerals. The exact nature of the insoluble compounds and the effect of temperature, pH, pe, other chemical species, and other parameters are currently being investigated. Oxidation states other than Tc (IV,VII), U(IV,VI), Np(IV,V), and Pu(IV,V) are probably not important for the geologic repository environment expected, but should be considered especially when extreme conditions exist (radiation, temperature, etc.). Various experimental techniques such as oxidation-state analysis of tracer-level isotopes, redox potential measurement and control, pH measurement, and solid phase identification have been used to categorize the behavior of the various valence states.

North American Foreign Fighters

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Michael Noonan

2014-12-01

Full Text Available While the phenomenon of so-called “foreign fighters” is in no way new the past thirty-plus years has shown a marked increase in the numbers of individuals traveling abroad to fight in civil conflicts in the Muslim world. The crisis in Syria (2011-present has created a massive influx of such individuals going to fight. Of particular concern in western capitals has been the numbers of individuals from those countries that have gone to fight in that conflict which has since crossed the border into neighboring Iraq with the establishment of the socalled “Islamic State” and threatens to broaden the conflict into a larger regional sectarian conflagration. While the numbers of such participants from Western Europe have been greater than those who have gone from the United States and Canada there are legitimate concerns in both Washington, DC, and Ottawa about American and Canadian citizens who have gone—or attempted to go—to fight there and in other locales such as the Maghreb and Somalia. The analysis here will provide some background on the foreign fighter phenomenon, discuss the foreign fighter flow model, explore the issue from both Canadian and US perspectives to include providing details of some original research categorizing the characteristics of a small sample of US and Canadian fighters and those who attempted to go and fight, discuss how both governments have attempted to deal with the issue, and offer some policy prescription for dealing with this issue that is of importance to both international security writ large and domestic security in the US and Canada.

COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC AND ESP: USING METAPHOR AS A USEFUL DEVICE FOR TEACHING L2 BUSINESS ENGLISH LEARNERS

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Ida Hendriyani

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Cognitive Linguistics is language essentially and inherently symbolic in nature. It means that all linguistic expressions such as; words, phrases and sentences, utterances, signs or writting are symbols of concept in a speaker’s mind. Metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action that it does not literally denote in order to imply a resemblance. Many people have encountered them in literature and poetry, and most of us know that even when we talk casually, we may take advantage of such figurative language, perhaps especially when there are some evasive, hard-to-grasp emotions or thought that we want to communicate. We can find several metaphors in newspapers, literature or scientific articles, etc. Metaphor is a central issue in ESP teaching. The purposes of this paper are (1 to increase the students’ knowledge of technical and semi-technical business vocabulary. (2 to improve business reading fluency and (3 to enrich vocabulary in business texts or readings. Metaphor in a specific English language program can provide students with a useful device to raise awareness of key concepts, models and issues and to improve their reading in business. The term of Business English refers to a wide range of ESL (English for Specific Learning courses characterized by having sense of purpose, specific content and general. This frequent presence of metaphor in economic and business texts are for second language learners, to improve language learners’ specialized reading of business texts and to help them produce native-like discourse when they translate business texts.

Targeting brains, producing responsibilities: the use of neuroscience within British social policy.

Science.gov (United States)

Broer, Tineke; Pickersgill, Martyn

2015-05-01

Concepts and findings 'translated' from neuroscientific research are finding their way into UK health and social policy discourse. Critical scholars have begun to analyse how policies tend to 'misuse' the neurosciences and, further, how these discourses produce unwarranted and individualizing effects, rooted in middle-class values and inducing guilt and anxiety. In this article, we extend such work while simultaneously departing from the normative assumptions implied in the concept of 'misuse'. Through a documentary analysis of UK policy reports focused on the early years, adolescence and older adults, we examine how these employ neuroscientific concepts and consequently (re)define responsibility. In the documents analysed, responsibility was produced in three different but intersecting ways: through a focus on optimisation, self-governance, and vulnerability. Our work thereby adds to social scientific examinations of neuroscience in society that show how neurobiological terms and concepts can be used to construct and support a particular imaginary of citizenship and the role of the state. Neuroscience may be leveraged by policy makers in ways that (potentially) reduce the target of their intervention to the soma, but do so in order to expand the outcome of the intervention to include the enhancement of society writ large. By attending as well to more critical engagements with neuroscience in policy documents, our analysis demonstrates the importance of being mindful of the limits to the deployment of a neurobiological idiom within policy settings. Accordingly, we contribute to increased empirical specificity concerning the impacts and translation of neuroscientific knowledge in contemporary society whilst refusing to take for granted the idea that the neurosciences necessarily have a dominant role (to play). Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

CONSIDERATIONS WITH REGARD TO THE USUFRUCT OVER THE RIGHT OF VOTE AS GUARANTY APPLIED IN THE BUSINESS ACTIVITY

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Florin CONSTANTINESCU

2016-05-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present article is to scrutinize the usufruct over the right of vote related to a share as legal concept (from foregoing and current Romanian legislation and doctrine standpoint and to highlight also the legal traits and the effective benefits provided as guaranty. To the same extent, the consolidation of the legal regime of this concept as guaranty is also the pursued objective. Although the usufruct over the right of vote has been not considered as a valid guaranty, the companies from Romania (mostly the banks used this mechanism as guaranty within the (sophisticated lending transactions. It is worthy to be mentioned that the right of vote may be related to a share belonging to a joint-stock company or to a social part belonging to a limited liability company. The main scope of such guaranty is to strengthen the creditor’s rights besides other established hard collaterals (mortgages over real estates, shares, receivables etc.. Thus, the creditor may influence the corporate will of a company (within the general shareholders meeting. Moreover, the guaranty has to be set up in the form of a notarized deed (authenticated by a Notary Public aiming to be considered a writ of execution and to enable the creditor to commence the foreclosure if needed. Having in mind the above, this paper mainly regards: the content of the right of vote related to a share, security, social part, the applicability of the usufruct to the shares belonging to different companies (joint-stock companies listed or not listed to the Stock Exchange, other companies of capitals and persons, the relevant differences between the usufruct as dismemberment of the ownership right and the usufruct as guaranty, the significant aspects regarding the guaranty agreement, proposals to amend the legislation.

Public health medicine: the constant dilemma.

Science.gov (United States)

Eskin, Frada

2002-03-01

There is a well-known quotation by the nineteenth-century sociologist Virchow (quoted in Ref. 1) that aptly captures the dilemma that has confronted public health medicine since the specialty was created as a discrete entity in 1848. Virchow said: 'Medicine is politics and social medicine is politics writ large!' What does this mean in relation to effective public health medicine practice and how is it likely to affect its future? There is increasingly limited freedom of expression within the current context of political correctness, central control and a rapidly burgeoning litigious climate. The purpose of this paper is to explore these issues and to propose a means of maintaining public health medicine integrity within a working environment where action is becoming rapidly constrained by political rigidity. An additional factor to be included in the dialogue is the current context within which public health physicians work. Because the majority of public health doctors are employed within the National Health Service (NHS), they are finding themselves being expected to take on tasks and responsibilities marginal to their essential purpose and function. For example, public health physicians spend a great deal of time involved in detailed deliberations about health service provision. Although there is a great deal of evidence to show that good quality health care provision positively affects the health of the individual, there is no evidence to show that this activity has any effect on the population's health status. The essence of public health medicine practice is the prevention of ill-health and the promotion of the health of the population and, consequently, attention needs to be focused on the root causes of disease. However, as these are outside the aegis of the NHS, public health medicine involvement in such issues as education, nutrition, housing, transport and poverty is regarded as marginal to the NHS corporate agenda.

The Natural Science Underlying Big History

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Eric J. Chaisson

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Nature’s many varied complex systems—including galaxies, stars, planets, life, and society—are islands of order within the increasingly disordered Universe. All organized systems are subject to physical, biological, or cultural evolution, which together comprise the grander interdisciplinary subject of cosmic evolution. A wealth of observational data supports the hypothesis that increasingly complex systems evolve unceasingly, uncaringly, and unpredictably from big bang to humankind. These are global history greatly extended, big history with a scientific basis, and natural history broadly portrayed across ∼14 billion years of time. Human beings and our cultural inventions are not special, unique, or apart from Nature; rather, we are an integral part of a universal evolutionary process connecting all such complex systems throughout space and time. Such evolution writ large has significant potential to unify the natural sciences into a holistic understanding of who we are and whence we came. No new science (beyond frontier, nonequilibrium thermodynamics is needed to describe cosmic evolution’s major milestones at a deep and empirical level. Quantitative models and experimental tests imply that a remarkable simplicity underlies the emergence and growth of complexity for a wide spectrum of known and diverse systems. Energy is a principal facilitator of the rising complexity of ordered systems within the expanding Universe; energy flows are as central to life and society as they are to stars and galaxies. In particular, energy rate density—contrasting with information content or entropy production—is an objective metric suitable to gauge relative degrees of complexity among a hierarchy of widely assorted systems observed throughout the material Universe. Operationally, those systems capable of utilizing optimum amounts of energy tend to survive, and those that cannot are nonrandomly eliminated.

Godsspraak als drijfveer, standaard en model voor gebed bij Clemens van Rome aan de Corinthieërs

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Benno A. Zuiddam

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Die eerste brief van Clemens Romanus aan die Korintiërs vertoon ‘n afhankelikheid van heilige Skrif en gebed. In die konteks van hierdie vroegchristelike brief is dit die Skrif wat gebed bevorder en vorm gee. Clemens het vir sy kennis van God staatgemaak op God se skriftelike openbaring, aangesien hy die Skrif beskou as Godsspraak in terme van inhoud en gesag. Die kerkvader nader God daarvolgens in sy gebedsantwoord op die Skrif. Die doel van gebed by die kerkvader is onder meer gerig daarop dat menslike gedrag gehoorsaamheid moet vertoon aan God se geopenbaarde Woord. Die vorm van gebed in Clemens se eerste brief aan die Korintiërs is dan ook grootliks aan die Skrif ontleen, beid ein die woorde en uitdrukkings wat hy hanteer. Die agenda en die inhoudspunte van gebede in hierdie vroegchristelike brief word ook deur die heilige Skrifte bepaal. Op hierdie wyse is Godsspraak dryfveer, standaard en model vir gebed by dié kerkvader. Clement of Rome’s letter to the Corinthians shows an interdependence of holy Scripture and prayer. In the context of this early Christian epistle, Divine revelation, primarily through Scripture, takes on an initiatory role for prayer. Clement considers the Scriptures as oracles of God in terms of their contents and authority. In his prayer-response to Scripture, both for contents and words, Clement shows himself inspired by holy Scripture. Consequently, Clement’s prayer is aimed at conformity of human behaviour to what he considers God’s revealed standards. As to the format of prayer in Clement to the Corinthians, words and expressions are largely borrowed from the sacred Scriptures. The agenda and themes of prayer in this letter are set by holy Writ as well, reinforcing the role of Scripture as initiator, standard and prototype for prayer, as the early church father reaches out to God.

Systematic review on the primary and secondary reporting of the prevalence of ghostwriting in the medical literature

Science.gov (United States)

Stretton, Serina

2014-01-01

Background Ghostwriting of industry-sponsored articles is unethical and is perceived to be common practice. Objective To systematically review how evidence for the prevalence of ghostwriting is reported in the medical literature. Data sources MEDLINE via PubMed 1966+, EMBASE 1966+, The Cochrane Library 1988+, Medical Writing 1998+, The American Medical Writers Association (AMWA) Journal 1986+, Council of Science Editors Annual Meetings 2007+, and the Peer Review Congress 1994+ were searched electronically (23 May 2013) using the search terms ghostwrit*, ghostauthor*, ghost AND writ*, ghost AND author*. Eligibility criteria All publication types were considered; only publications reporting a numerical estimate of possible ghostwriting prevalence were included. Data extraction Two independent reviewers screened the publications; discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Data to be collected included a numerical estimate of the prevalence of possible ghostwriting (primary outcome measure), definitions of ghostwriting reported, source of the reported prevalence, publication type and year, study design and sample population. Results Of the 848 publications retrieved and screened for eligibility, 48 reported numerical estimates for the prevalence of possible ghostwriting. Sixteen primary publications reported findings from cross-sectional surveys or descriptive analyses of published articles; 32 secondary publications cited published or unpublished evidence. Estimates on the prevalence of possible ghostwriting in primary and secondary publications varied markedly. Primary estimates were not suitable for meta-analysis because of the various definitions of ghostwriting used, study designs and types of populations or samples. Secondary estimates were not always reported or cited correctly or appropriately. Conclusions Evidence for the prevalence of ghostwriting in the medical literature is limited and can be outdated, misleading or mistaken. Researchers should not inflate

Corak Realisme Sosialis dalam Hikayat Kadiroen Karya Semaoen

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Suyono Suyatno

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Selama ini ada anggapan bahwa dalam sejarah sastra Indonesia corak realisme sosialis hanya ada dalam masa Lekra (1950-1965, padahal novel Hikayat Kadiroen karya Semaoen yang terbit sebelumnya (1920 telah menunjukkan corak realisme sosialis. Oleh karena itu, masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah corak realisme sosialis dalam novel Hikayat Kadiroen karya Semaoen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkap corak realisme sosialis dalam novel Hikayat Kadiroen karya Semaoen. Dengan menggunakan metode deskripsi analitis dan teori sastra Marxis penelitian ini menemukan bahwa novel Hikayat Kadiroen sarat dengan propaganda ideologi Marxis dan propaganda ideologi Marxis dalam karya sastra adalah ciri yang melekat pada karya sastra yang bercorak realisme sosialis. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tahun 1920 adalah awal munculnya realisme sosialis dalam sejarah sastra Indonesia. Kata-Kata Kunci: Hikayat Kadiroen, propaganda Marxis, realisme sosialis Abstract: All this time, there is a presumption that in the history of Indonesian literature, the socialist-realism pattern only existed in Lekra period (1950-1965, whereas Hikayat Kadiroen writ-ten by Semaoen published before (1920 had showed shades of socialist realism. Therefore, the issue that will be raised in this study is how the socialist realism pattern was described in Semaoen’s Hikayat Kadiroen? The aim of this study is to prove the shades of socialist realism in Hikayat Kadiroen. Using the analytical description method and Marxist literary theory, the study found out that Hikayat Kadiroen was full of Marxist ideology propaganda, and this Marxist ideology propaganda is the characteristic of literature with socialist realism shades. Thus, it can be concluded that 1920 was the beginning of the rise of socialist realism in the history of Indonesian literature. Key Words: Hikayat Kadiroen, Marxist propaganda, socialist realism

Precipitation and Latent Heating Distributions from Satellite Passive Microwave Radiometry. Part 2; Evaluation of Estimates Using Independent Data

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Song; Olson, William S.; Wang, Jian-Jian; Bell, Thomas L.; Smith, Eric A.; Kummerow, Christian D.

2004-01-01

Rainfall rate estimates from space-borne k&ents are generally accepted as reliable by a majority of the atmospheric science commu&y. One-of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRh4M) facility rain rate algorithms is based upon passive microwave observations fiom the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI). Part I of this study describes improvements in the TMI algorithm that are required to introduce cloud latent heating and drying as additional algorithm products. Here, estimates of surface rain rate, convective proportion, and latent heating are evaluated using independent ground-based estimates and satellite products. Instantaneous, OP5resolution estimates of surface rain rate over ocean fiom the improved TMI algorithm are well correlated with independent radar estimates (r approx. 0.88 over the Tropics), but bias reduction is the most significant improvement over forerunning algorithms. The bias reduction is attributed to the greater breadth of cloud-resolving model simulations that support the improved algorithm, and the more consistent and specific convective/stratiform rain separation method utilized. The bias of monthly, 2.5 deg. -resolution estimates is similarly reduced, with comparable correlations to radar estimates. Although the amount of independent latent heating data are limited, TMI estimated latent heating profiles compare favorably with instantaneous estimates based upon dual-Doppler radar observations, and time series of surface rain rate and heating profiles are generally consistent with those derived from rawinsonde analyses. Still, some biases in profile shape are evident, and these may be resolved with: (a) additional contextual information brought to the estimation problem, and/or; (b) physically-consistent and representative databases supporting the algorithm. A model of the random error in instantaneous, 0.5 deg-resolution rain rate estimates appears to be consistent with the levels of error determined from TMI comparisons to collocated radar

Foule et public Crowd and audience. Reflections about the French theory of reception studies in the silent period

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Emmanuel Plasseraud

2012-04-01

th century. It had many interpretations, which we can find again in cinema writtings. For those who fight against cinema, crowd can be seen as Gustave Le Bon describes it in its popularization of crowd psychology. Therefore, movie theaters are places where crowds relieve or excite their instincts. On the contrary, for film enthusiasts, cinema proposes a modern communal refoundation where crowds find back their lost spirituality. For them, theaters are places where an hypnotic phenomenon occurs, leading crowds. This conception is the foundation of the idea of « seventh art » invented by Canudo and used also, with diverses meanings, by Delluc, Gance, Epstein or L’Herbier. Is this conception suitable to the reality of the spectators practice at that time? Is it possible to consider the cinema audience as a whole, as it seems if we use the idea of crowd? We can answer no, and we can think that the gap between theory and reality of the film reception is one of the reasons explaining the problems of French cinema facing American cinema. The theorical deadlock of the French conception of film reception, due to the use of the notion of crowd, appears clearly in Germaine Dulac’s writtings. She was the first among French theoricians to doubt about the ability of cinema to get the crowds receiving Holy Communion. She understood that the audience, in its diversity, would dictate its tastes to the film-makers, expressing an idea that Hollywood producers had already assimilated.

Characterization of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Originating from Cucurbits in Serbia

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Ana Vučurović

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV is considered one of the most economically importantplant viruses and has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range including plantsfrom family Cucurbitaceae. In Serbia, on cucurbits CMV was detected in single and mixedinfections with Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV. Viruses,including CMV, are constantly present in cucurbit crops, but their frequency changesby year and locality. Surveys and sample collections were conducted in cucurbit crops inthe period from 2008 to 2009 at 15 localities in Vojvodina province, and sample testing wascarried out using the DAS-ELISA method and commercially available antisera for six economicallymost important cucurbit viruses. In 2008, a total of 51 samples were collected from13 cucurbit crops of oilseed pumpkin Olinka variety, squash, and bottle gourd and CMV wasdetected in a total of 55% of tested samples with symptoms of viral infection. The most commoninfectious type was mixed infection with ZYMV and WMV (35.3%, and then mixedinfection with ZYMV (17.7% and WMV (2%. A total of 599 symptomatic samples of oilseedpumpkin Olinka variety, zucchini squash varieties Beogradska and Tosca, squash, and wintersquash were collected in 15 cucurbits crops in 2009. CMV was present in 4.4% of totalcollected samples, in single infections in 1.3%, and in mixed with WMV or ZYMV in 1.3%, and1.8%. Five CMV isolates were obtained by mechanical inoculations of N. glutinosa and oneof them was selected for further biological characterization. Test plants which were describedto be hosts of CMV expressed symptoms characteristic for those caused by CMV afterinoculations by isolate 115-08. CMV specific primers Au1u/Au2d were used to amplify an850 bp fragment using RT-PCR method. Amplified fragment encodes the entire viral coatprotein (CP gene and partial 5’ and 3’ UTRs of two selected CMV isolates. Amplified fragmentswere sequenced and deposited in the NCBI, where

Systematic review on the primary and secondary reporting of the prevalence of ghostwriting in the medical literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Stretton, Serina

2014-07-14

Ghostwriting of industry-sponsored articles is unethical and is perceived to be common practice. To systematically review how evidence for the prevalence of ghostwriting is reported in the medical literature. MEDLINE via PubMed 1966+, EMBASE 1966+, The Cochrane Library 1988+, Medical Writing 1998+, The American Medical Writers Association (AMWA) Journal 1986+, Council of Science Editors Annual Meetings 2007+, and the Peer Review Congress 1994+ were searched electronically (23 May 2013) using the search terms ghostwrit*, ghostauthor*, ghost AND writ*, ghost AND author*. All publication types were considered; only publications reporting a numerical estimate of possible ghostwriting prevalence were included. Two independent reviewers screened the publications; discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Data to be collected included a numerical estimate of the prevalence of possible ghostwriting (primary outcome measure), definitions of ghostwriting reported, source of the reported prevalence, publication type and year, study design and sample population. Of the 848 publications retrieved and screened for eligibility, 48 reported numerical estimates for the prevalence of possible ghostwriting. Sixteen primary publications reported findings from cross-sectional surveys or descriptive analyses of published articles; 32 secondary publications cited published or unpublished evidence. Estimates on the prevalence of possible ghostwriting in primary and secondary publications varied markedly. Primary estimates were not suitable for meta-analysis because of the various definitions of ghostwriting used, study designs and types of populations or samples. Secondary estimates were not always reported or cited correctly or appropriately. Evidence for the prevalence of ghostwriting in the medical literature is limited and can be outdated, misleading or mistaken. Researchers should not inflate estimates using non-standard definitions of ghostwriting nor conflate ghostwriting with

Review: Margaret A. Morrison, Eric Haley, Kim Bartel Sheehan & Ronal E. Taylor (2002. Using Qualitative Research in Advertising: Strategies, Techniques, and Applications / Shay Sayre (2001. Qualitative Methods for Marketplace Research

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Susanne Friese

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The review discusses two books, both covering very similar contents and addressing more or less the same audience. The book by SAYRE is about the use of qualitative method in marketplace research in general and is aimed at marketing students and practitioners; the book by MORRISON, HALEY, SHEEHAN and TAYLOR focuses more specifically on one area of mar­keting, namely advertising research. MORRISON et al. provide the more practical perspective, a fact that is also reflected in the writing style of the book. It is stimulating to read, even for readers fa­miliar with qualitative methods. It provides insights from the perspective of advertising agency plan­ners and demonstrates how qualitative methods are applied in a commercial context. SAYRE, in comparison, provides more details and builds her book around five theoretical perspectives. It is writ­ten by an academic for a largely academic audi­ence, containing all the basics that one needs to know when embarking on a qualitative research project. It differs from other qualitative method books in that the various steps along the way are illustrated by examples from the field of marketing. The book will, therefore, resonate well with mar­ket­ing students. Nonetheless, both books can be recommended as text books for qualitative method courses in marketing—SAYRE's book for market­ing students in general, and MORRISON et al.'s book for students specializing in the field of adver­tising. When used in a course where students conduct a small scale research project on their own, both books need to be supplemented by further readings or teacher input. Specifically, the sections on qualitative data analysis are too thin in MORRISON et al. and too broad in SAYRE in order to be useful to students without further explanation and training. Nonetheless, the two books are the best I have seen so far when it comes to selecting a book to be used in a qualitative method course for marketing students. URN

O desenvolvimento do texto dissertativo em crianças da 4ª série The development of argumentative text by fourth grade children

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Sérgio Antonio da Silva Leite

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa analisa o desenvolvimento da habilidade de produzir textos dissertativos em crianças da 4ª. série, relacionando com o contexto em que foram produzidos. Este estudo justifica-se devido à escassez de trabalhos lingüísticos na área, bem como ao alto índice de fracasso dos alunos nesta modalidade de texto. Coletou-se a produção escrita de crianças de rede pública, durante um período de três meses. O material foi analisado buscando-se identificar os operadores argumentativos, os tipos de argumentos utilizados e o estágio da capacidade argumentativa dessas crianças. O estudo sugere que a introdução do texto argumentativo nas séries iniciais do 1º grau, além de proporcionar mais chances de sucesso aos alunos na produção deste tipo de texto ao término do 2º grau, certamente facilitará o desenvolvimento de uma postura crítica, possibilitando aos alunos refletirem sobre a realidade social onde vivem.This reaserch analysed the developmental stage of fourth grade (primary school children in ability of writting argumentative texts joint with their context. The reason of this reaserch is the lack of new studies in linguistical area and high ratio of unable students to make this kind of text. It will be showed the analysis of making text by public schools children for three months. These data were analysed trying identify argumentative operators, the kinds of arguments used and the stage of the argumentative ability of these children. The study showed that the introduction of argumentative text in first grades give them more chances of succeed, preparing these pupils in their finishing high school. This fact obviously will make easier the development of their critical point of view, helping the students to think about their living social reality.

Is Ancestor veneration the most universal of all world religions? A critique of modernist cosmological bias

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Thomas Reuter

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Research by anthropologists engaged with the Comparative Austronesia Project (Australian National University has amassed an enormous data set for ethnological comparison between the religions of Austronesian-speaking societies, a language group to which nearly all Indonesian societies also belong. Comparative analysis reveals that ancestor veneration is a key-shared feature among “Austronesian” religious cosmologies; a feature that also resonates strongly with the ancestor-focused religions characteristic of East Asia. Characteristically, the religions of Austronesian-speaking societies focus on the core idea of a sacred time and place of ancestral origin and the continuous flow of life that is issuing forth from this source. Present-day individuals connect with the place and time of origin though ritual acts of retracing a historical path of migration to its source. What can this seemingly exotic notion of a flow of life reveal about the human condition writ large? Is it merely a curiosity of the ethnographic record of this region, a traditional religious insight forgotten even by many of the people whose traditional religion this is, but who have come under the influence of so-called world religions? Or is there something of great importance to be learnt from the Austronesian approach to life? Such questions have remained unasked until now, I argue, because a systematic cosmological bias within western thought has largely prevented us from taking Ancestor Religion and other forms of “traditional knowledge” seriously as an alternative truth claim. While I have discussed elsewhere the significance of Ancestor Religion in reference to my own research in highland Bali, I will attempt in this paper to remove this bias by its roots. I do so by contrasting two modes of thought: the “incremental dualism” of precedence characteristic of Austronesian cultures and their Ancestor Religions, and the “transcendental dualism” of mind and

Practitioner Perspectives on a Disaster Management Architecture

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Moe, K.; Evans, J. D.

2012-12-01

The Committee on Earth Observing Satellites (CEOS) Working Group on Information Systems and Services (WGISS) is constructing a high-level reference model for the use of satellites, sensors, models, and associated data products from many different global data and service providers in disaster response and risk assessment. To help streamline broad, effective access to satellite information, the reference model provides structured, shared, holistic views of distributed systems and services - in effect, a common vocabulary describing the system-of-systems building blocks and how they are composed for disaster management. These views are being inferred from real-world experience, by documenting and analyzing how practitioners have gone about using or providing satellite data to manage real disaster events or to assess or mitigate hazard risks. Crucial findings and insights come from case studies of three kinds of experience: - Disaster response and recovery (such as the 2008 Sichuan/Wenchuan earthquake in China; and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan); - Technology pilot projects (such as NASA's Flood Sensor Web pilot in Namibia, or the interagency Virtual Mission Operation Center); - Information brokers (such as the International Charter: Space and Major Disasters, or the U.K.-based Disaster Management Constellation). Each of these experiences sheds light on the scope and stakeholders of disaster management; the information requirements for various disaster types and phases; and the services needed for effective access to information by a variety of users. They also highlight needs and gaps in the supply of satellite information for disaster management. One need stands out: rapid and effective access to complex data from multiple sources, across inter-organizational boundaries. This is the near-real-time challenge writ large: gaining access to satellite data resources from multiple organizationally distant and geographically disperse sources, to meet an

Applying Transition Action Detail Strategy on Written Text of EFL Young Learners

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Yeasy Agustina Sari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Mastering English, as foreign language need a lot of time since it is a continuing process. English foreign language of young learners, however, can’t be mastered by memorizing. The young learners should have strategy, which can be used as the direction of the classroom activites to help the students enhancing of language skill, specially in writting. There were the problem to be solved in this study, namely the students have difficult to construct the written text. The strategies which were used in the learning process were boring. Hence, the researcher tried to solve students’ difficulty in written text through Transition Action Detail Strategy. This study focused on two variables. The independent variable was Transition Action Detail Strategy, meanwhile dependent variable was written text. The researcher used true experimental design which consist of control group and experimental group. The subject of this research was students of young learner at the eight grade of English Course at Payakumbuh. The result revealed that Transition Action Detail Strategy was a good strategy that can influence the students’ narrative text. By using df.70, the writer not found it in the table. Because 70 was higher than 60 and smaller than 120. Then, the results from interpolation by using df.70, it could be known that the critical value of   t-table for the 5% level was 1.990, the critical value of t-table for the 1% level was 2.638. From these all the data analysis, it can be seen that t-observed (4.763 was higher than t-table (5% =1.990, 1% = 2.638. The data confirm that t-observed  is higher than t-table, therefore it can be inferred that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. It means that there is significant influence of applying Transition Action Detail Strategy on Wwritten Text of Young learners.   Key words: Transition Action Detail Strategy, Young Learners, English Foreign Language, English  Course.

Efeito de Beauveria bassiana (Bals. Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch. Sorok. sobre características biológicas de Diatraea saccharalis F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae = Effect of Beauveria bassiana (Bals. Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch. Sorok. on Biological Characteristics of Diatraea saccharalis F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae

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Marco Aurélio Paes de Oliveira

2008-04-01

Full Text Available A broca da cana-de-açúcar Diatraea saccharalis F. é considerada uma das principais pragas nas Américas. Entre os métodos de controle, o uso de fungos entomopatogênicos tem sido amplamente recomendado no manejo das pragas da cana-de-açúcar, incluindo outras lepidobrocas. Assim sendo, este estudo investigou os efeitos de diferentes concentrações de Beauveria bassiana (Bals. Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch. Sorok. sobre parâmetros biológicos da broca da cana-de-açúcar. Larvas de terceiro instar de D. saccharalis foram tratadas com os fungos usando as concentrações de 103, 104 e 105 conídios mL-1. Larvas tratadas com 105 conídios mL-1 de B. bassiana tiveram menor sobrevivência (56,6%, comparadas com lagartas não-tratadas (90%. Adultos originados de larvas tratadas colocaram menor número de ovos, com menor viabilidade, e viveram menos, comparados com adultos originados de larvas não-tratadas. Larvas tratadas com M. anisopliae na concentração de 105 conídios mL-1 e adultos originados destas larvas também exibiram redução no desempenho, comparados aos insetos não-tratados. Os resultados indicam que B. bassiana e M. anisopliae, além de patogênicos àslarvas de D. saccharalis, também interferem negativamente na sua biologia, mostrando potencial de uso contra esta praga.The sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis F. is considered oneof the major sugarcane pests in the American continent. Among control methods, the use of entomopathogenic fungi has been broadly recommended to manage sugarcane pests, including other sugarcane borers. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of differentconcentrations of Beauveria bassiana (Bals. Vuill and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch. Sorok on biological characteristics of the sugarcane borer. Third-instar larvae of D. saccharalis werefungi-treated using the concentrations of 103, 104 and 105 conidia mL-1. Larvae treated with 105 conidia mL-1 of B. bassiana showed lower survival

On Decommissioning Cost for Nuclear Power Plants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varley, Geoff; Rush, Chris

2011-01-01

The two biggest changes in NPP DandD over the last 15 years that are applicable across all countries are: a. Equipment and tools used in NPP DandD have evolved to be available on a more industrial basis, although concerning DandD of the main NPP components, such activity typically is very individual and requires one-of equipment to be developed. b. Regulation of DandD has increased. Earlier regulations were adapting to what emerged from evolving DandD projects. Today regulatory requirements have caught up and have been framed based on the feedback of experience over the last 15 years. In general they impose prescriptive requirements on DandD approaches and execution. In the U.S. access to LLW disposal has been opened up to a majority of states, which will ease the development and timely execution of DandD projects. A newly emerging trend in the U.S. is that segregation of some categories of waste, to facilitate the disposal of some volumes in general landfill rather than in radioactive waste disposal facilities, is being sacrificed, on cost grounds, in favour of mixing waste volumes with the consequence of having to dispose of a larger volume of waste in a LLW facility. Regarding access to information that can be meaningful and sufficiently detailed to support an international benchmarking inter-comparison of NPP DandD cost information: - NAC has established good access to detailed information on actual DandD projects at one U.S. PWR (Trojan) and one U.S. BWR (Rancho Seco). Additional information sources probably can be accessed with additional investigation. - Germany has highly relevant cost estimate and actual NPP DandD experience. Accessibility of the information is not yet fully determined. This will need more extensive, face-to-face interaction with the relevant stakeholders. Utilities and cost estimate service providers offer the opportunity to access relevant information. Specific terms and conditions that would apply and the extent of detail that would be

On Decommissioning Cost for Nuclear Power Plants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Varley, Geoff (NAC International (United Kingdom)); Rush, Chris (NAC International (United States))

2011-01-15

The two biggest changes in NPP DandD over the last 15 years that are applicable across all countries are: a. Equipment and tools used in NPP DandD have evolved to be available on a more industrial basis, although concerning DandD of the main NPP components, such activity typically is very individual and requires one-of equipment to be developed. b. Regulation of DandD has increased. Earlier regulations were adapting to what emerged from evolving DandD projects. Today regulatory requirements have caught up and have been framed based on the feedback of experience over the last 15 years. In general they impose prescriptive requirements on DandD approaches and execution. In the U.S. access to LLW disposal has been opened up to a majority of states, which will ease the development and timely execution of DandD projects. A newly emerging trend in the U.S. is that segregation of some categories of waste, to facilitate the disposal of some volumes in general landfill rather than in radioactive waste disposal facilities, is being sacrificed, on cost grounds, in favour of mixing waste volumes with the consequence of having to dispose of a larger volume of waste in a LLW facility. Regarding access to information that can be meaningful and sufficiently detailed to support an international benchmarking inter-comparison of NPP DandD cost information: - NAC has established good access to detailed information on actual DandD projects at one U.S. PWR (Trojan) and one U.S. BWR (Rancho Seco). Additional information sources probably can be accessed with additional investigation. - Germany has highly relevant cost estimate and actual NPP DandD experience. Accessibility of the information is not yet fully determined. This will need more extensive, face-to-face interaction with the relevant stakeholders. Utilities and cost estimate service providers offer the opportunity to access relevant information. Specific terms and conditions that would apply and the extent of detail that would be

Correspondences. Equivalence relations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bouligand, G.M.

1978-03-01

We comment on sections paragraph 3 'Correspondences' and paragraph 6 'Equivalence Relations' in chapter II of 'Elements de mathematique' by N. Bourbaki in order to simplify their comprehension. Paragraph 3 exposes the ideas of a graph, correspondence and map or of function, and their composition laws. We draw attention to the following points: 1) Adopting the convention of writting from left to right, the composition law for two correspondences (A,F,B), (U,G,V) of graphs F, G is written in full generality (A,F,B)o(U,G,V) = (A,FoG,V). It is not therefore assumed that the co-domain B of the first correspondence is identical to the domain U of the second (EII.13 D.7), (1970). 2) The axiom of choice consists of creating the Hilbert terms from the only relations admitting a graph. 3) The statement of the existence theorem of a function h such that f = goh, where f and g are two given maps having the same domain (of definition), is completed if h is more precisely an injection. Paragraph 6 considers the generalisation of equality: First, by 'the equivalence relation associated with a map f of a set E identical to (x is a member of the set E and y is a member of the set E and x:f = y:f). Consequently, every relation R(x,y) which is equivalent to this is an equivalence relation in E (symmetrical, transitive, reflexive); then R admits a graph included in E x E, etc. Secondly, by means of the Hilbert term of a relation R submitted to the equivalence. In this last case, if R(x,y) is separately collectivizing in x and y, theta(x) is not the class of objects equivalent to x for R (EII.47.9), (1970). The interest of bringing together these two subjects, apart from this logical order, resides also in the fact that the theorem mentioned in 3) can be expressed by means of the equivalence relations associated with the functions f and g. The solutions of the examples proposed reveal their simplicity [fr

Purveyances e o Discurso Histórico na Inglaterra Medieval (1272 – 1377 * Purveyances and the Historical Discourse in Medieval England (1272 – 1377

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FERNANDO PEREIRA DOS SANTOS

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A guerra no medievo, tema exaustivamente estudado no último século, tem sido alvo de uma multiplicação de abordagens, permitindo assim que interpretações de documentos sob esses novos olhares forneçam avanços significativos para a pesquisa acadêmica. Nesse sentido, análises dedicadas a outros momentos do conflito que não apenas o choque entre combatentes têm sido esboçadas nas últimas décadas, enfatizando discussões até então relegadas a um segundo plano. No presente artigo, procuramos relacionar os discursos presentes em fontes contemporâneas sobre a cobrança da taxação conhecida como purveyance e a gradual alteração no modo de escrita da história no medievo inglês durante o século XIV. De modo geral, a partir dos relatos sobre aquela prática específica, discorremos sobre questões que permeiam o fazer da história no período, buscando entender suas noções de verdade, quem foram e o lugar de onde produziram seus relatos.Palavras-chave: Historiografia – Idade Média – Guerra. Abstract: The war in the Middle Ages, an extensively studied theme in the last century, has been aimed by an increasing number of approaches, fact that has allowed nterpretation of documents under new sights and provide expressive advances to the academic research. Seem in these terms, analysis dedicated to other moments of the conflict besides the clash of combatants has been sketched in the last decades, emphasizing issues previously relegated to the background. In this paper, we aim to relate the discourses on the contemporary sources about the charging of a taxation known as purveyance and the gradual changing in the writing of history in the English Middle Ages through the XIV century. Generally speaking, from the accounts about that specific practice, we consider questions that permeate the making of history in that period undertaking their notions of truth, who they were and from where such writtings were produced

Halley's Legacy: The Selfless Genius Who Founded Geophysics, Led the Science Community to Solve the Problem of Finding Longitude at Sea, and Whose Work in Areas from Geomagnetism to Planetology Still Has Meaning For Today's Scientists

Science.gov (United States)

Wakefield, J.

2005-12-01

2005 marks the 300th anniversary of Edmond Halley's publication of his infamous synopsis predicting the accurate return of the comet that would come to bear his name. On this occasion, it is time to remember him not only as the founder of geophysics but for his contributions to the world of science beyond his comet work. Halley's comet-transformed by the first triumph of the Newtonian revolution from a dire supernatural omen to a predictable element of the universe's clockwork-remains a recurring symbol of the scientific age of the Enlightenment. His comet is hurtling through space at some 20,000 miles per hour and won't be back until 2061. But it can remind us of past epochs and everlastingly of Halley's contributions to geophysics and the world of science writ large. For a start, Halley completed a series of little known sea voyages in his effort to solve one of his life-long quests: the problem of determining longitude at sea. On the basis of his earlier theories on magnetism, his approach entailed mapping the magnetic deviation across the test-bed of the Atlantic Ocean. In this paper, his findings from the voyages, which technically comprised the first science mission funded by a government and stand as the forerunner of all big science projects, will be reconsidered and put into the context of today's notions about terrestrial magnetism, including the geodynamo. To this day, scientists remain perplexed about exactly how core's dynamo regenerates its energy. When Halley was sailing his vessel, the Paramore, across the North Atlantic and making the first charts of geomagnetism, little did he ever imagine magnetism would underpin today's stunning advances in information technology and electromagnetic engineering. Magnetism also offers ways to study phase transitions, random disorder, and physics in low dimensions, which looks at particle interactions at ever higher energies in order to essentially study matter at smaller and smaller size scales. The presentation

Keats et de Kooning : Pour un romantisme expressionniste abstrait ou la mise en image de l’épitaphe ‘Here lies one whose name was writ in water’: Keats and de Kooning or the abstract expressionist vision of a Romantic epitaph

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Caroline Bertonèche

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The article explores the comparative dialectic between John Keats’s choice of a visual epitaph, theatrically staged as a fluid, evanescent metaphor of poetic identity in relation to Romantic writing, and Willem de Kooning’s late awareness and expressionist interpretation of it. The modernity of Keats’s epitaphic imagery seemed to have been an uncanny preamble to de Kooning’s gestural art or pictorial pantomimes on the themes of impermanence and forgetfulness, memory and death. Close in many other ways, despite chronological and geographical differences, the two inspired artists meet around their creative intermingling of the picturesque and the poetic: the rhythmic liquidity, the verse schemes, the chiaroscuros, the ‘dripping’ technique, the ‘erasures’, the fading colours… Keats’s strangely melancholic but also deeply ironic and contrasted lyricism meets de Kooning’s mixed style of painting, torn as it is between the realms of tradition and novelty, of figurative and abstract art. A writer and a reader, an indolent poet and an ‘action painter’, they are, above all, or aspire to be, especially with regard to this mysterious conception and meaningful depiction of an epitaph, immortal artists as well as enlightened visionaries.

Cost of transporting irradiated fuels and maintenance costs of a chemical treatment plant for irradiated fuels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sousselier, Y.

1964-01-01

Numerous studies have been made of the cost of a fuel cycle, but many of them are based on a priori studies and are therefore to be treated with reserve. Thus, in the part dealing with the treatment of irradiated fuels, some important factors in the cost have only rarely been given on the basis of practical experience: the cost of transporting the fuels themselves and the plant maintenance costs. Investigations relating to transport costs are generally based on calculations made from somewhat arbitrary data. The studies carried out in France on the transport of irradiated uranium between the EDF reactors at Chinon and the retreatment plant at La Hague of the irradiated uranium from research reactors to foreign retreatment plants, are reported; they show that by a suitable choice of transport containers and details of expedition it has been possible to reduce the costs very considerably. This has been achieved either by combining rail and road transport or by increasing the writ capacities of the transport containers: an example is given of a container for swimming-pool pile elements which can transport a complete pile core at one time, thus substantially reducing the cost. Studies concerning the maintenance costs of retreatment plants are rarer still, although in direct maintenance plants these figures represent an appreciable fraction of the total treatment cost. An attempt has been made, on the basis of operational experience of a plant, to obtain some idea of these costs. Only maintenance proper has been considered, excluding subsidiary operations such as the final decontamination of apparatus, the burial of contaminated material and radioprotection operations Maintenance has been divided into three sections: mechanical maintenance, maintenance of electrical equipment and maintenance of control and adjustment apparatus. In each of these sections the distinction has been made between manpower and the material side. In order to allow comparisons to be made with

Para un catálogo atractivo: libros y políticas editoriales para las bibliotecas populares. La propuesta de Domingo Faustino Sarmiento For an attractive catalog: books and editorial policies for popular libraries. The proposal by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento

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Javier Planas

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Se expone una hipótesis de trabajo para abordar el estudio de los escritos de Domingo Faustino Sarmiento sobre las bibliotecas populares. En ese contexto, el presente ensayo explora una cuestión específica: ¿qué libros para las bibliotecas populares? A través de un análisis crítico de los textos del autor, se intenta mostrar que los lineamientos que perfilan las características de las colecciones de estas instituciones deben identificarse en los vínculos que mantienen los múltiples núcleos temáticos analizados por Sarmiento, a saber: el examen del comercio y la industria del libro en América, la organización de proyectos editoriales, la toma de posición frente a la lectura de novelas, entre otros. A partir de un artículo concreto, se describe la manera en que Sarmiento entiende la relación entre los lectores y las lecturas en el contexto específico de una biblioteca popular. En un balance final, se realizan dos observaciones. Primero: la elección de lecturas no es una prescripción aislada, sino un complejo de observaciones sobre la presencia del libro y la lectura en América Latina, especialmente en Chile y en la Argentina. Segundo, el autor apela a la constitución de un catálogo capaz de atraer a los lectores. Esta finalidad, es prioritaria en su proyecto.It is shown a work hypothesis to study the writtings by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento about popular libraries. In this context, the present essay is centered in a specific question: what books for popular libraries? Through a critical analysis of the author texts, it is intended to show that the lines which define the characteristics of the collections of that institutions must be sought in the ties maintained by the multiple thematic nucleus analyzed by Sarmiento, that is: the examination of the trade and industry of books in America, the organization of editorial projects, his position about reading novels, among others. From a concrete article, it is described the way

Immigration Reform and Administrative Relief for 2014 and Beyond: A Report on Behalf of the Committee for Immigration Reform Implementation (CIRI, Human Resources Working Group

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Charles Kamasaki

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Successful implementation of any broad-scale immigrant legalization program requires an adequately funded infrastructure of immigrant-serving organizations. In 2014, President Obama announced an expanded Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA program, as well as the Deferred Action for Parents of Citizens and Lawful Permanent Residents (DAPA program, which would make it possible for approximately five million people to attain lawful, albeit temporary, status and employment authorization. As the initial DACA program instituted in 2012 has already stretched the capacity of immigrant-serving organizations to their limits or even beyond them, the possibility of full implementation of DAPA and the expanded DACA programs presents a formidable challenge for these organizations.In this paper, the Human Resources Working Group of the Committee for Immigration Reform Implementation (CIRI draws on the lessons of the Immigrant Reform and Control Act of 1986 (IRCA, DACA, and other initiatives to provide a roadmap for immigrant service delivery agencies and their partners in planning for implementation of the expanded DACA and the DAPA programs, with an eye (ultimately to broad legislative reform. In particular, this paper focuses on the funding and human resources that the immigrant service delivery field, writ large, would require to implement these programs.If expanded DACA and DAPA were implemented, the CIRI Working Group estimates that, of the total of five million that may be eligible, 1.08 million individuals will require extensive application assistance, generating the need for approximately three times more full-time staff than are currently in the field. Moreover, without additional funding and staff, agencies will likely not be able to shift a portion of staff time to accommodate any new program, even taking the typical fee-for-service model into account. Thus, the paper identifies a pressing need for “upfront” funding as early in the

Research on Crime of Fabricating, Stealing, Trading Special Signs of the Armed Forces%伪造、盗窃、买卖武装部队专用标志罪的探讨

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

张建田; 张悦

2012-01-01

In recent years, the behavior of fabricating, stealing, trading special sign ot the armea Iorces is m- creasing, which disrupts the social order, damages the armed forces ' reputation, and impacts the armed forces' routine training work. The crime of fabricating, stealing, trading special sign of the armed forces was formally writ- ten into criminal law in "the Amendments of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (seven)" , which is not only an important development in criminal law, but also an sufficient measure to maintain national defense. Based on concept of the crime of fabricating, stealing, trading special signs of the armed forces, this paper briefly review and expounds the evolution of the legislation of the crime. This paper then discusses the crime from composi- tion of the subject, subjective aspects, the object and objective aspect in detail, then briefly discuses the punish- ment.%近些年来，伪造、盗窃、买卖武装部队专用标志的情况不断增多，严重扰乱了社会管理秩序，损害了军队形象和声誉，妨害了部队战备、训练等工作的正常进行。《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（七）》将伪造、盗窃、买卖武装部队专用标志罪正式入刑，这是我国刑事立法的重要完善，也是维护国防利益的重要举措。本文在界定了伪造、盗窃、买卖武装部队专用标志罪概念的基础上，简要梳理了此类犯罪的立法沿革、概况，按照刑法理论分别从犯罪主体、犯罪主观方面、犯罪客体和犯罪客观方面对本罪的犯罪构成要件进行了论述，探讨了此罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪的政策界限，并对处罚进行了简要分析。

UM PALÁCIO ABANDONADO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PSICOSE NA INFÂNCIA

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Larissa Arruda Aguiar Alverne

2016-07-01

this case study’s writting is the experience at Núcleo de Atenção a Crianças e Adolescentes (NAIA from Professor Frota Pinto Mental Hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, where the author has been responsible for the psychoanalytical oriented treatment of a child, who has received a psychiatrical diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. Keywords: Psychosis. Clinic. Transference. Childhood. Case study.

Law and forensic medicine in Scotland.

Science.gov (United States)

Pounder, D J

1993-12-01

Scotland was an independent nation state until 1707 when it became the most northerly part of the United Kingdom. Today Scotland, constitutionally, is less than a state or a province in a federal union, but retains vestiges of its ancient sovereignty by having its own legal system and separate administration. English law and Scots law are two quite separate systems--a unique constitutional phenomenon within a unitary state. Scots law is a "mixed" legal system embodying aspects of both the Romano-Germanic and Anglo-American families of legal systems. A central feature is the public prosecution of crimes under the control of the Lord Advocate and the Crown Office in Edinburgh. The hierarchy of criminal courts comprises the High Court of Justiciary, the Sheriff court, and the District court. For serious offences, criminal trial is by "solemn procedure" before a judge sitting with a jury of 15 persons whose verdict of "guility", "not guilty", or "not proven" may be reached by majority. The prosecution must prove its case beyond reasonable doubt on corroborated evidence. The essential requirement for corroboration means that two pathologists must perform and sign the report on any autopsy related to criminal proceedings. The writ of habeus corpus is not operative in Scotland, but there are strict rules to prevent an accused person from languishing in prison without trial. Under solemn procedure the trial must begin within 110 days or the accused is freed with immunity from further prosecution for the crime charged. Procurators fiscal are the public prosecutors whose responsibilities include the investigation of crime and all sudden, suspicious, or unexplained deaths. There are no coroners in Scotland. Investigations are performed in private and it is uncommon for a public inquiry ("a Fatal Accident Inquiry") to be held. A Fatal Accident Inquiry is an inquisitorial proceeding heard before a sheriff sitting without a jury. In Scotland, unlike in England, the more serious

Jakob Kelemina on Shakespeare's plays

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Mirko Jurak

2007-12-01

development of drama and theatre in Slovenia, particularly as regards pro­ ductions and early attempts oftranslating Shakespeare's plays into Slovene. This information,  which may be particularly  relevant for foreign readers, ends with the year 1922, when Kelemina's last writ­ing about Shakespeare's plays appeared. In 2007 we commemorate the one hundred and twenty-fifth anniversary of Kelemina's birth and fiftieth anniversary of his death, which is another reason why his work on Shakespeare should be finally researched and evaluated. This study should also help expand our knowledge about Jakob Kelemina's contribution regarding translations of Shakespeare's plays for the Slovene theatre and for Slovene culture generally.

Un notario español en Rusia de Diego Hidalgo (1929 o la atracción de un burgués en el terreno del comunismo

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Manuelle Peloille

2010-01-01

Full Text Available “Es mucha la atracción que ejerce sobre mí este pueblo y mucha aún la pena que siento por no poder estar aquí y seguir estudiando tantas cosas nuevas", escribe Diego Hidalgo en sus notas de viaje a la URSS recogidas en Un notario español en Rusia . El autor de este volumen, publicado en Madrid en 1929 por la editorial Cénit, no es dirigente de una organización popular como lo eran Fernando de los Ríos, Ángel Pestaña o Rodolfo Llopis; no pertenece a la clase obrera preferentemente interesada en el experimento ruso; tampoco es corresponsal como lo fue Sofía Casanova. Oficialmente, viaja para examinar el derecho soviético y su aplicación, pero declara ante todo querer comprobar la certeza de lo que se viene diciendo de la Unión Soviética en España desde 1917. Asumiendo su estatuto de miembro de la burguesía, se distancia tanto de las representaciones hostiles como de la aprobación beata. El interés de este libro reside en cómo lo que entonces fue una novedad histórica (cualquiera que sea el juicio que podamos formular sobre ésta ejerce el papel de polo de atracción entre individuos de una clase social a priori no interesados en ella.Palabras Clave: Rusia, URSS, relato de viaje, intelectuales, tópicos, burguesía, hegemonía___________________________Abstract:"Es mucha la atracción que ejerce sobre mí este pueblo y mucha aún la pena que siento por no poder estar aquí y seguir estudiando tantas cosas nuevas", writted Diego Hidalgo in his travel notes about USSR, collected in Un notario español en Rusia. The author of this book, published in 1929 by the marxist editor Cénit, is not a leader of popular organization at all like Fernando de los Ríos, Ángel Pestaña o Rodolfo Llopis, neither belongs to the working class, potentially more interested in the development of the Soviet experience. The official aim of his travel is to get information about Soviet laws and their applying. But before everything he wants to check

Un notario español en Rusia de Diego Hidalgo (1929 o la atracción de un burgués en el terreno del comunismo

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Manuelle Peloille

2011-01-01

Full Text Available “Es mucha la atracción que ejerce sobre mí este pueblo y mucha aún la pena que siento por no poder estar aquí y seguir estudiando tantas cosas nuevas", escribe Diego Hidalgo en sus notas de viaje a la URSS recogidas en Un notario español en Rusia . El autor de este volumen, publicado en Madrid en 1929 por la editorial Cénit, no es dirigente de una organización popular como lo eran Fernando de los Ríos, Ángel Pestaña o Rodolfo Llopis; no pertenece a la clase obrera preferentemente interesada en el experimento ruso; tampoco es corresponsal como lo fue Sofía Casanova. Oficialmente, viaja para examinar el derecho soviético y su aplicación, pero declara ante todo querer comprobar la certeza de lo que se viene diciendo de la Unión Soviética en España desde 1917. Asumiendo su estatuto de miembro de la burguesía, se distancia tanto de las representaciones hostiles como de la aprobación beata. El interés de este libro reside en cómo lo que entonces fue una novedad histórica (cualquiera que sea el juicio que podamos formular sobre ésta ejerce el papel de polo de atracción entre individuos de una clase social a priori no interesados en ella.Palabras Clave: Rusia, URSS, relato de viaje, intelectuales, tópicos, burguesía, hegemonía___________________________Abstract:"Es mucha la atracción que ejerce sobre mí este pueblo y mucha aún la pena que siento por no poder estar aquí y seguir estudiando tantas cosas nuevas", writted Diego Hidalgo in his travel notes about USSR, collected in Un notario español en Rusia. The author of this book, published in 1929 by the marxist editor Cénit, is not a leader of popular organization at all like Fernando de los Ríos, Ángel Pestaña o Rodolfo Llopis, neither belongs to the working class, potentially more interested in the development of the Soviet experience. The official aim of his travel is to get information about Soviet laws and their applying. But before everything he wants to check

New institutional mechanisms to bridge the information gap between climate science and public policy decisions

Science.gov (United States)

Rogers, W.; Gulledge, J. M.

2010-12-01

Many decision makers lack actionable scientific information needed to prepare for future challenges associated with climate change. Although the scope and quality of available scientific information has increased dramatically in recent years, this information does not always reach - or is not presented in a form that is useful to - decision makers who need it. The producer (i.e. scientists) community tends to be stovepiped, even though consumers (i.e. decision makers) often need interdisciplinary science and analysis. Consumers, who may also be stovepiped in various agencies or subject areas, may lack familiarity with or access to these separate communities, as well as the tools or time to navigate scientific information and disciplines. Closing the communication gap between these communities could be facilitated by institutionalizing processes designed for this purpose. We recommend a variety of mainstreaming policies within the consumer community, as well as mechanisms to generate a strong demand signal that will resonate more strongly with the producer community. We also recommend institutional reforms and methods of incentivizing policy-oriented scientific analysis within the producer community. Our recommendations focus on improving information flow to national security and foreign policy decision makers, but many are relevant to public policy writ large. Recommendations for Producers 1. The scientific community should formally encourage collaborations between natural and social scientists and reward publications in interdisciplinary outlets Incentives could include research funding and honorary awards recognizing service to public policy. 2. Academic merit review should reward research grants and publications targeted at interdisciplinary and/or policy-oriented audiences. Reforms of merit review may require new policies and engaged institutional leadership. Recommendations for Consumers 1. Congress should amend Title VI of the National Defense Education Act

THE AESTHETICS, RELIGIOSITY, AND RESPONSE OF THE READERS OF GEGURITAN SUCITA

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I Wayan Suka Yasa

2012-11-01

Full Text Available The object of this research is the text of Geguritan Sucita having total versesof 1,877. The problem observed is that the structure, esthetic rule applied andsource of text transformation into GS as religion literature. The main objective ofthis research is to answer the three problems concerned. In addition, it has theobjective to preserve and develop geguritan literature. The benefit can be as oneof sources of knowledge in literary science, especially concerning geguritanliterature; as the consideration in making policy related to religion and Balineseculture; and also as reading material, especially for readers of geguritan literature.The theory applied in reviewing the three problems is structural, semiotic,intertext, rasa (mode and literature reception. The data source obtained byconducting literature study, observation and interview. The data is the analyzedfrom literature and religion point of view. The research novelties are as follows :GS is gita puja of Ida Ketut Jlantik (1905-1961 which is offered to GodAlmighty. As worshipped song, GS is sekar. The materials are quoted fromclassical works of prior Hindu which is then arranged in accordance with idealismof writers kawi-wiku by considering rule of k?vya.GS is established using Balinese language Kepara enriched withvocabularies of Old Javanese so it has Hindu esthetic. Formal structure of GS isestablished according to geguritan : padalingsa matrix. The text consists of 1,877rhythm, 11 rhyme and 57 melodies. Sinom rhythm as the idol one to lead otherrhythm in order to s?nta rasa. Verses of GS can be grouped into two parts: 4rhythm manggala and 1,873 narrative rhythm. Totally, formal structure of GSfulfills alamkara principle. the text has melody and euphony religious melody.Narrative structure GS is established following norm of tattwa purarbh?wa‘reborn cycle’, in addition it is the leader of rhythm as well as function as epilog.In term of contemplative reading level bhakti yoga

El gusto por lo extremado: un análisis crítico de Baudrillard y Derrida sobre el terror y el terrorismo

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Ungureanu, Camil

2012-06-01

Full Text Available For Baudrillard, the «new terrorism» should be understood as a symbolic exchange of gift and counter-gift: the terrorist’s death is an unanswerable counter-gift that disrupts the coercing circle of social relationships «imposed» by the global system. In turn, Derrida’s conception has two dimensions, explicative and normative. First, Derrida considers 11/9 as a multi-faceted symptom of an autoimmunitary crisis that has political, religious and technological-capitalist aspects. Second, Derrida argues that there is an Abrahamic «moment» of terror, violence and sacrifice that is constitutive to ethical decisions and responsibility. On the critical side, I will argue that Baudrillard’s view is premised on an extreme and partisan notion of a system interpreted as a totalitarian ruler writ large. In turn, Derrida unnecessarily turns the common observation that human actions can have perverse consequences into a law of autoimmunity inspired by biology. By seeing terror as constitutive even to the most common ethical relationships, Derrida also runs the risk of turning an extreme phenomenon into a catch-all concept, and of losing touch with the day-to-day ethical practice. I will conclude that Baudrillard’s and Derrida’s conceptions of terror and terrorism partake in a «taste for the extreme» that makes them ultimately unconvincing.

Baudrillard interpreta el «nuevo terrorismo» como un intercambio simbólico de regalo y contra-regalo: la muerte del terrorista es un contra-regalo irrefutable que rompe el círculo coercitivo de las relaciones sociales «impuestas» por el sistema global. A su vez, la concepción de Derrida tiene dos dimensiones, explicativa y normativa: en primer lugar, Derrida considera el 11-S como un síntoma multifacético de una crisis autoinmune que tiene aspectos políticos, religiosos y tecno-capitalistas. En segundo lugar, Derrida arguye que existe un «momento» de terror, violencia y sacrificio

Ortaokulda Doğrudan Kazandırılacak Değerlerin Vatandaşlık Ve Demokrasi Eğitimi Kitabına Yansıma Düzeyleri Reflection Levels Of The Values Attained Explicitly In Secondary Schools In The Citizenship And Democracy Textbook

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Tekin ÇELİKKAYA

2013-09-01

Full Text Available In imparting values, as well as the preparation of a effectiveprogram have an important place in textbooks. The study conducted todetermine the state of including values in secondary school Citizenshipand Democracy textbook was carried out with document analysis, oneof the qualitative research methods. For this purpose, directly gainvalues to be determined which took place in the unit tried to determinehow often and in what way in 8 Citizenship and Democracy EducationInstructor program. In this study, for review were discussed in teacher'sbook, textbooks and workbooks that used Citizenship and DemocracyEducation Course in the academic year 2012-2013. This study arebased on the remaining value of 17.Because of education programstargeted gain curve over 19 will gain in value in the unit values of selfesteemand altruism are not included within the values .As a result, allof the units mentioned in considering the value of the maximum liability(129, respectively, it is a national, to be sensitive to the spiritual anduniversal values (98 and equality (77, while the values, the values ofpatriotism dealt with at least (4, respectively, it is charity (9 and share(13 followed by values. Değerlerin kazandırılmasında etkili bir programın hazırlanmasının yanı sıra ders kitapları da önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Eğitimi dersinde, öğretmenlerin ve öğrencilerin birincil kaynak olarak kullandıkları ve takip ettikleri ders kitaplarında bu değerlerin hangilerinin yer aldığı, değerlere ne kadar yer verildiği, hangilerinin daha sık vurgulandığı büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Ortaokul 8. Sınıf Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Eğitimi Dersi kitaplarında değerlere yer verilme durumunu belirlemeye yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden döküman incelemesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; 8. sınıf Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Eğitimi Dersi

History as a tool in identifying "new" old drugs.

Science.gov (United States)

Riddle, John M

2002-01-01

To trace the history of a natural product and its use, it is necessary to identify to correct plant among around a half-million species. One must also know how and when harvest the plant and the morphology of location and extraction. Within the same species plant chemistry varies, depending upon climatic and soil conditions, stage of maturity and even diurnal factors. To all of these variations must be added the diagnostic ability of physicians and native healers (to distinguish between Hippocratically-trained Western physicians and whose knowledge is less formally taught). Seldom was a disease identified as we Know it today, but the constellations of symptoms described, when studied carefully within the framework historical setting of the culture, can be related to modern medicine. It is essential to study the historical contemporary usage data in the language in which those accounts were writTen. Translators are often philologists who are not sensitive to medical nuances. Modern readers of translated historical documents often are unaware of the precision the authors delivered in describing medical afflictions and their treatments. Natural product drugs are truly products of human knowledge. Because so many modern pharmaceuticals are manufactured synthetically we forget that once either the compound or its affinity had a home in a natural product. Over 2,500 years ago man first used a drug obtained from white willow bark, which was aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid. Today's scientists continue to be bewildered by just what aspirin's mechanisms of action are, discovering new modes of action, and how they relate to medical diagnostics. Whatever the science of aspirin, an intelligent person today takes it just as our ancestors did fo millennia. Throughout time, explanations continue to vary just as purpose of administration do as well. Nevertheless, aspirin is perceived as being beneficial. Historical in-use data can also be a factor in judging a drug's safety, since

Şeyhülislam Bostanzade Mehmed Efendi Ve Nazmen Verilmiş Fetvâları Shaykh Al-Islam Bostanzadah Mehmed Effendi And His In Verse Fatwas

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Muhittin ELİAÇIK

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In the Ottoman Empire is seen even fatwas in verse written and it in the classical Turkish literature are instrumental to the emergence of a original poetry species. The word fatwa is derived from feta which means brave, young and strong; a difficult issue in the reply given to making a strong statement describes. Ifta, describes in the Ottoman Empire as an important public service by shayk al Islam to investigate an issue or put forward. In the Ottoman the fatwas of shaykh al Islams or muftis although are usually given Turkish and prose, but the in verse was given even. According to prose fatwas in verse fatwas very little has been written and came from pen of shaykh al Islams that has a specialplace among the poets of the Court. Bostanzādah Mehmed Effendi, oneof them. In Ottoman, during the Shaykh al-Islam Bostanzâde MehmedEffendi time, it has been many events that experienced firstly. His 52couplet in verse fatwa about coffee is a firstly experienced event and puta stop to an important discussion. Mehmed Effendi, besides being astrong dewan poet he has written many in verse fatwas. The coupletnumber of the questions and answers of this fatwas are very long andthat is very remarkable. In this article, four examples of his in versefatwas will be presented. Osmanlı’da fetvâların da manzum hâlde verilmiş olması, Klasik Türk Edebiyatı içinde orijinal bir nazım türünün ortaya çıkmasına ve farklı bir türün incelenmesine sebep olmuştur. Fetvâ kelimesi yiğit, genç, kavî anlamına gelen Arapça fetâ kökünden türemiş ve müşkil bir meselenin verilen cevapla güçlü bir şekilde izahının yapılmasını anlatmıştır. İftâ, Osmanlı’da mühim bir halk hizmeti olarak, bir meselenin hükmünün müftü veya şeyhülislamca araştırılarak ortaya konulmasını ifade etmiştir. Osmanlı’da şeyhülislâm veya müftülerin fetvâları genellikle Türkçe ve mensur hâlde verilmiş, ama orijinal bir şekil olarak

Topology and graph theory applied to cortical anatomy may help explain working memory capacity for three or four simultaneous items.

Science.gov (United States)

Glassman, Robert B

2003-04-15

associativity among all combinations requires exponentially proliferating intersections. Beyond four, serpentine subpatch shapes are required, which could easily lead to pathologies of omission or commission. As hypothesized by many researchers, the binding of the widely distributed cortical modules that represent a given chunk may involve synchrony or coherence of a single EEG frequency. Elsewhere, I have conjectured that such a binding frequency for a single chunk may bear a harmonic relationship with the additional EEG frequencies that are simultaneously binding the other WM chunks. Other possible mechanisms of binding have also been hypothesized. Whatever the mechanism, the many attributes of a moment's complement of three or four WM chunks must generally have an accidental relationship with the spatial distribution of the cortical feature analyzers that must be activated to represent those attributes. Therefore, the cortex may need, and have, comprehensive anatomical connections of each of its modules for representing an attribute (or of small redundant module groupings) with every other. If such whole-part cortico-cortical connections are somehow exploited not only to fully represent each cognitive chunk in its bound-together attributes, but also to bring the major business of intensive WM information processing down to the level of local circuits, in the sorts of topological patterning hypothesized here, there may be two adaptive results: (1) Time and other economies would be achieved in the reduction of activity in distant cortico-cortical connections to lower-energy global orchestration, or binding processes. (2) The piecemeal local topological limit to four subpatches would be writ large, across the entire cortex, preventing an unconstrained combinatorial explosion of associations among all attributes of all three or four simultaneously active chunks. Such hypothetical convergence to foci in local subpatch interactions might take place primarily in association cortex

From the Editor

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Željko Hutinski

2012-07-01

Full Text Available All the papers in this issue of the JIOS Journal may fit into the Science as Usual categoryand are therefore not going to be dealt with in detail in the introduction. However, for oneof the papers included an exception has been provided, namely the paper Sigma-notationand the equivalence of P and NP classes by Miron Ivanovich Telpiz. The circumstancesleading to its publication in this issue of JIOS are presented by the editors in this preface.It is generally acknowledged that, ever since it was defined by S. Cook over thirty yearsago, P = NP has presented one of the major open problems in computing science andinformation science in general. Whereas, on one hand, this problem presents a formidablechallenge to any scientist dealing with it, its solution, especially in case it should turn out tobe a positive one considering that current technology tends to evolve in a practicaldirection and its overall functioning is conducted implicitly under the assumption of anegative solution would have a major impact on the development of informationtechnology as well as the wider context of human society as a whole. Apart from being putforward in conferences, both positive and negative “solutions” to P = NP problem can beoccasionally found in press, scientific and professional journals. The web page titled “Pversus-NP Page” (see http://www.win.tue.nl/~gwoegi/P-versus-NP.htm provides anexcellent source for this issue. It contains links to papers stating that P = NP, as well asthose contradicting the opposite, i.e., stating that P NP. Furthermore, references are givento Oded Goldreich's rationale behind his decision not to review papers proposing solutionsto P = NP problem and related difficult problems because, in his own words, they “alsoattract the attention of non-experts, and one annoying consequence is a flood of falseclaims of resolutions of these problems” (see http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~oded/faq.html. Dr. Goldreich a recognised

Editor’s foreword to the first issue of "Libellarium"

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Zoran Velagić

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Among many literary terms found in the Lexicon Latinum (1742 by Andrija Jambrešić and Franjo Sušnik (auctor and scriptor — book writer; impressio — printing; libellus — booklet; typographeum — print house; typographia — to know how to set and print letters etc. we can also find the term libellarium — bookcase, bookshelf, for keeping different letters and papers. This descriptive definition of libellarium sums up all the three areas this journal is dedicated to — the history of the writting, the history of books, and the history of memory institutions, which is the reason why this term was selected as the name of the journal. The main aims of Libellarium are motivating and promoting the research of the history of the written word, books and heritage institutions. The Croatian written and printed heritage offers infinite possibilities of research using the most current research methodology, which has not been applied in earlier research. The editorial board of Libellarium therefore invites research papers that will throw more light on the Croatian written and printed heritage, as well as papers that will promote research in line with the prevailing and the most current research paradigms. Such a blend of source and methodology is supposed to improve research methods, increase the interest in investigating the history of the written word, books and heritage institutions, and eventually result in their establishment as modern scientific disciplines in Croatian scholarship. This especially refers to the history of books, which has, in the past 50 years (starting with the pioneering book by Lucien Febvre and Henri-Jean Martin L’Apparition du livre published in 1958 evolved as a discrete scientific discipline with a developed research methodology that leans on the achievements of the history of literature, history in the narrow sense, cultural anthropology, sociology, librarianship, and many other sciences. There is only a handful of

Konya İli Beyşehir İlçesi Fasıllar Köyü Mezar Taşları Tombstones of Village Fasıllar in District Beyşehir of Konya City

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Hüseyin MUSMAL

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This study consist of tombstones which are from ottoman era inthe graveyard of Fasillar village in district beyşehir of konya. In thisstudy 28 headstones and 19 footstones which were written by ottomanturkish with arabic letter were ascertained and analized in terms ofhistorical and art history. In this study all tombstones have beendiscussed separetely and a general evaluationhas been done via thesetombstone. But while we were writting the text part, firstly we made ageneral evaluation and at the end of this study tombstones that wereinvestigated, handled individually (one by one as a catalogue. Villagefasillar which is bounded up Beyşehir district of konya was establishedtwo great hills that consist of rock. The region in which includedFasillar falso, had a great importance in Hittite Empire era. FasillarMonument which belongs to Hittite era and was known by historianand archaeologist, and researching seval speciality of this region.Having the processable stone resources of the region provideed tooccour a custom on stonework. When the qualities, quantities, typesand features are investigated, it iş understood that inhabitants of villageFasillar sustainedthis custom throughout 20th century. The shapes andornamentations of tombstones, and expressions and templates showthat inhabitants have different ial skils from other settlements as socialeconomical and cultural. Konya İli Beyşehir İlçesi Fasıllar Köyü Mezarlığı’nda bulunan Osmanlı dönemine ait mezar taşları bu çalışmanın inceleme konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Fasıllar Köyü mezarlığında tespit edilen Arap harfleri ile Osmanlı Türkçesi kullanılarak yazılmış 28 baş taşı ve 19 ayak taşı, tarih ve sanat tarihi ölçütlerine göre incelenmektedir. Çalışmada her bir mezar taşı ayrı ayrı ele alınmış ve bu taşlar üzerinden genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Ancak çalışmamızın metin bölümü oluşturulurken, �

Şer’iyye Sicillerine Göre Dokuma Ürünleri Fiyat Endeksi ( 1750-1880 Price Index of Weaving Goods According to Ottoman Islamic Records [1750-1880

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Hüsnü YÜCEKAYA

2013-09-01

Full Text Available The phases of industrialization in Ottoman manufacturing andproblems related to them are of the aspects which haven't become clearyet. Among the factors which cause trouble for manufacturers,historians of Ottoman economics have most emphasized the extreme increase in the prices of raw materials . Undoubtedly, in order tounderstand the case, it is necessary to discuss the matter in detail.Which factor had what share on the rise in prices?Was the financialinstability as a result of the changes on the value of the kuruş the mosteffective factor on this case?Or did the inflation as a result of selling rawmaterials to foreign merchants cause the dramatic rise in prices?If oneof these aspects or another aspect which isn't mentioned here waseffective,when did the reflections of this case in Ottoman lands becomeapparent?Lots of questions and problems like these have been facingOttoman economic historians. In this research, certain facts taken fromthe court register become meaningful by making simple index. It isknown that in index studies related with prices in Ottoman Empirewhich were conducted in the past, data related with the food sector wasgenerally used.When the fact that both the şer’iyye registers and thedata related with the weaving sector were not used sufficiently in indexstudies is taken into consideration it will be understood that this indexshall include some interesting results.According to the image reflectedfrom index,prices started to increase after 1750s.However,the sharpestincreases were observed after 1840s.Moreover this increase occured atan increasing speed andrate. Yet,it is known that regulations on thevalue of coin ended after 1844. .Unceasing increase in prices despitethe lack of any changes on the value of the kuruş is a subject on whichdeep analyses should be made. Osmanlı İmalatçılığının endüstrileşme safhaları ve yaşamış olduğu sıkıntılar, bugün hala net olarak berraklaşmayan hususlardand

Divan Şairinin Sessiz ve Gizli Anlatımı: Muvaşşah The Secret and Silent Expression of Divan Poet: Muvaşşah

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Hakan YEKBAŞ

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Surface and deep structure of the elements that form the poembring new meaning to poetry. Determination of these elements is veryimportant in Ottoman poem studies. In this respect, many poets ofOttoman poem resorted to create a secret language through sounds andletters. From this point of view, letters gain great many peculiarity withregard to its shape and contents and therefore we see that differentkinds of literary arts reconstituted.These different experiments which have the aim of benefittingfrom the letters’ symbolic value or with the help of letters they try toconstitute concept are characterized as the not suitable line for ourtopic. For this reason, these applications whose examples are rarelyencountered in our literature according to the other literary arts reshown between the talents included the rhetoric. In our literature, oneof the talents which bases on the letters’ types, union, way of reading iscalled muvaşşah and muvaşşah is the method which bases on visualthings.Today, muvaşşah is expressed as the acrostic. Because of thatmuvaşşah is perceived as the art which finds the first letter of verse andcreates the name from these letters. But examples of muvaşşah inclassical Ottoman poetry benefit from not only the first letter of versebut also middle and last letter of verse. Our poets use muvaşşah toform the title, prayer, moreover while constituting verse or couplet, itcan be seen that they use muvaşşah to compose a chronogram tocommemorate the date. In this respect we can express that muvaşşahhas different contents.In our study, with the help of different examples of muvaşşahdifferent peculiarity of this art found place for itself. Different kinds ofmuvaşşah such as kasida, lyric poem, müseddes, stanza, masnavi,müstezad will show us the secret language and silent expression whichis used by the poet in the poem. Divan şiiri incelemelerinde, o şiirin yüzey ve derin yapısını oluşturan unsurların ve

Ortaöğretim 9. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Yazılı Anlatım Alan Bilgisi Başarı Düzeyleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma A Research On 9th Grade Of Secondary Education Students ' Achievement Levels Of Field Knowledge Of Writing Expression

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Hasan BAĞCI

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Primary and Secondary education is a period that covers a process of students’ writing skills are laid the foundation of skills in accordance with a specific plan and program and these skills are developed until the final stage of tranining. As writing skill requiresknowledge, experience and using language effectively, this process mustbe supported by reading, listening / viewing, speaking and grammaractivities as well.The researchers investigating students' writing texts, refer thatstudents’ texts have many deficiencies and students’ expected writingskills are failed to reach proficiency. These deficiencies in skills areconsidered to distribute in a large frame that is from the knowledgestage to not converting knowledge to skill. Therefore, aim of this studyis to determine the levels of students’ writing kowledge, towards thewriting skill in accordance with acquisition sentences that is alsoreferred in secondary schools, 9th grade students’ Programme ofLanguage and Expression. In the study, the level of students' writingproficiency whether changed or not according to first gender and othervariables has been also identified. According to the findings from theresearch, the average of general success for the knowledge of writtingexpression for 9th grade of secondary education students wasdetermined as 59 %. And according to gender 9th grade of secondaryeducatıon students ' achievement levels of fıeld knowledge of writingexpression not significant difference, but according to student’sacademic success, make free writing activity, keep a journal, Languageand Speech lessons love and be pleased from writting events showedsignificant difference.At the end of the research with adhering to the results obtainedfrom the study, some suggestions have been given to teachers whoinstruct Language and Expression Courses. İlk ve ortaöğretim, öğrencilerin yazma becerilerinin belirli bir plan ve program doğrultusunda temelinin atıldığı ve �

Gogol’ün Palto’sundan Çıkan Bir Eser: Odalarda A Work Of Art Rıses Up From The Coat Of Gogol: In The Rooms

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Mehmet BAŞTÜRK

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Since the leading names and the work of arts in literature are the most significant representatives of a tradition/ way/ movement/ comprehension, influenced the authors and the works of art of theseauthors following them. One of these leading Works of art is Earth andThe Coat which is accepted as milestone work in Russian literature ofGogol. “We all rises from The Coat of Gogol” statement of Dostoyevski,was said to determine the importance of this pioneer long story. It ispossible to find examples fort he Works of art rise up from the Coat inTurkish literature. One of them is In The Rooms, the first novelpublished in 1960 by Erdal Öz. Öz states that, in the preface of thenovel, Dostoyevski and Camus are emphasised in the writings about thebook based on the introduction writ of Yaşar Nabi on the back of thefirst press from Varlık Publication (Öz 1999, 11. Thus, little officerwhose name is not stated in the novel, bears traces of AkakiyAkakiyeviç who is presented as equivalent of “little man” in The Coat ofGogol. In Öz's art of work as a sub-text; with "Palto"; it isestablished direct or indirect relationship through "referent" and"allusion".In this article, it is aimed to analyze the intertextuality between InThe Rooms of Erdal Öz and The Coat of Gogol, and it is determined onthe similarities and the differences between these two works, and theprotagonists, by using comperative literature method. In this way, theissues such as how the Coat effect in In The Rooms, which is said byÖz, to begin the writing beginning from the protagonist in The Coat, andwhether this effect turns into individuality or not, are examined. Edebiyatta öncü isimler ve eserler, bir geleneğin/yolun/akımın/anlayışın ilk önemli temsilcisi oldukları için kendisinden sonra gelen kalemleri ve kalem mahsullerini bir şekilde etkilemiştir. Bu öncü eserlerden biri, Dünya ve Rus edebiyatında önemli bir yere sahip Gogol’ün kilometre taşı kabul

Creating a More Responsive and Seamless Refugee Protection System: The Scope, Promise and Limitations of US Temporary Protection Programs

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Donald Kerwin

2014-04-01

, although the United States has never limited TPS to sub-state groups. TPS does not cover persons from designated states who arrive following the effective date of the designation, even those who fled great peril. TPS recipients cannot petition for the admission of close family members. In addition, TPS cannot be granted to persons in substantial need of protection from undesignated states.  Like refugees and asylees, TPS recipients receive work authorization. Unlike refugees or asylees, they are not eligible for resettlement benefits or deemed “qualified” for most federal public benefit programs. They can apply for political asylum and immigration benefits. However, TPS does not, in itself, lead to permanent status or other durable solutions. Beyond TPS, the executive branch can exercise its discretion not to remove persons who fall outside its law enforcement priorities, including persons who might otherwise suffer violence, extraordinary hardship, or death at home.  This paper outlines international standards for the design and operation of temporary protection programs, describes the US refugee protection program writ large, and identifies gaps in protection. It recommends that Congress create a non-immigrant “protection” visa for non-citizens who are at substantial risk of persecution, danger, or harm in their home or host countries, and that DHS expand its use of parole for de facto refugees and individuals in refugee-like situations. It also argues that the United States should prioritize the reconstruction and development of TPS-designated states and work to establish regional migration and development agreements covering North America, Central America and the Caribbean.Congress should also pass legislation to extend LPR status to long-term recipients of temporary protection.  In particular, it should advance the “registry” date to January 1, 1999 (which would provide LPR status to most non-citizens in the country since that date and it should

Cost of transporting irradiated fuels and maintenance costs of a chemical treatment plant for irradiated fuels; Cout de transport des combustibles irradies et cout d'entretien d'une usine de traitement chimique des combustibles irradies

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Sousselier, Y [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

Numerous studies have been made of the cost of a fuel cycle, but many of them are based on a priori studies and are therefore to be treated with reserve. Thus, in the part dealing with the treatment of irradiated fuels, some important factors in the cost have only rarely been given on the basis of practical experience: the cost of transporting the fuels themselves and the plant maintenance costs. Investigations relating to transport costs are generally based on calculations made from somewhat arbitrary data. The studies carried out in France on the transport of irradiated uranium between the EDF reactors at Chinon and the retreatment plant at La Hague of the irradiated uranium from research reactors to foreign retreatment plants, are reported; they show that by a suitable choice of transport containers and details of expedition it has been possible to reduce the costs very considerably. This has been achieved either by combining rail and road transport or by increasing the writ capacities of the transport containers: an example is given of a container for swimming-pool pile elements which can transport a complete pile core at one time, thus substantially reducing the cost. Studies concerning the maintenance costs of retreatment plants are rarer still, although in direct maintenance plants these figures represent an appreciable fraction of the total treatment cost. An attempt has been made, on the basis of operational experience of a plant, to obtain some idea of these costs. Only maintenance proper has been considered, excluding subsidiary operations such as the final decontamination of apparatus, the burial of contaminated material and radioprotection operations Maintenance has been divided into three sections: mechanical maintenance, maintenance of electrical equipment and maintenance of control and adjustment apparatus. In each of these sections the distinction has been made between manpower and the material side. In order to allow comparisons to be made with

The Multi-Constructionist Concept of Gender---Taking the Mosuo People in Yongning as an Example

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Xu Ruijuan

2015-01-01

The Mosuo are an ethnic group who live at the juncture of Yunnan and Sichuan prov-inces in southwest China. The study of gender a-mong the Mosuo has been a hot topic for ethnolo-gists and anthropologists at home and abroad. At different times, scholars have expressed different interests. However, no unanimous conclusion can be drawn from their research findings. Within the different conclusions of the scholars, what comes closest to the truth about Mosuo culture? An open discussionon this question is the intention for writ-ing this article. For a long time,it was widely believed in the field of cultural anthropology that women held a subordinate position in society. However, the con-struction of gender in Mosuo society might provide us with a unique and precious example of some-thing to the contrary. In addition, gender studies, instead focusing on the issue from a single perspec-tive,should do so from a multi-perpsective angle. This article gives a multi-perspective analysis on the gender relationships in Mosuo society in order to have a clear understanding of the construction of gender for women. 1 . The Spatial Construction of Gender for Mo-suo Women The family house is the most basic and impor-tant social unit of the Mosuo,and also the basis for the identity of the Mosuo. The spatial arrangements of the Mosuo family house reflect their unique con-struction of gender. The living pattern reflects the family members’ rights and position within the fam-ily,and the use and occupation of the house space reflect the society’s cultural rules and the cultural meaning of gender. The construction of gender in Mosuo society, with its rule of “respecting the mother and the female”, and “women stay within the family house while the man walks to the partner’s house”,is fully reflected in the spatial al-location of the family house. 2 . The Linguistic Construction of Gender for Mosuo Women Language has a close relationship with the construction of gender

Linguistic Contact, Religious Interaction and Cultural Integration Between the Naxi and Tibetans-Annotations to the Mani Stones Engraved with Naxi Dongba Pictographs found in a Mani Stone Pile in Jiaqu Village, Muli County, Sichuan

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

HE Jiquan

2014-01-01

Yihua has given an introduction to the pile of Mani stones at Jiabo Vil-lage of Yiji Township .Compared with the data dis-covered in the past , the document mentioned in this article contains more characters , its structure is more complete and its content is richer .There-fore, it adds a new genre of material for Naxi Dongba documents . 3 .Its Value for Philological Studies There are altogether 128 Dongba pictographs found on the three Mani stones in this pile .They are written from left to right , and altogether there are 9 lines.In some places of each of the lines , two or three pictographs are on top of each other written going from top to bottom .The phenomenon of writing two pictographs on top of each other within a line appears in 16 places; and, that of writing three pictographs on top of each other hap-pens in one place .Except for these places , the rest of the lines are written with as single picto-graphs in a single line .In general , the pictographs on these stones are arranged in a linear fashion . This differs from other Dongba religious manu-scripts where most of the pictographs are not writ-ten linearly . Generally speaking , except for the relation-ship between the words and expressions and the ar-rangement of the pictographs , the Dongba picto-graphs on these Mani stones reflect the characteris-tics of early Dongba pictographs-either from the perspective of the characteristics of the font , or from the usage rules of the characters .In addition, the regional characteristics of these pictographs are also very obvious .This document can be regarded as a reference for conducting comparative studies on the use of the vertical and horizontal writing structure of Dongba documents from other periods and regions .By doing so , we can explore the de-velopment and change of Dongba characters .