Ecuador's energy policy mix: Development versus conservation and nationalism with Chinese loans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Escribano, Gonzalo

2013-01-01

Ecuador's energy policy faces a complex variety of political and economic objectives that are difficult to reconcile in a consistent manner. Ecuador is a small oil producer and exporter with significant renewable (mainly hydropower) resources, hosting some of the richest biodiversity areas in the world, part of which are inhabited by so far indigenous un-contacted people. Being a developing country, tensions arise between conservation aims and development imperatives, as well as between resource nationalism and much-needed foreign financing. However, the really limiting factor for the country's energy development seems to be its constraints in financing the government's development and redistributive policies. Resorting to Chinese loans-for-oil may be part of the solution in the short term, but it does not substitute for a more consistent energy policy. Ecuador's case illustrates the dilemmas of energy policy in natural resource-rich developing countries when confronted with diverging political economy, social, environmental and macro-financial goals. - Highlights: ► Ecuador's energy policy lacks coherence and is plagued with inconsistencies. ► Its three main drivers are development, conservation and resource nationalism. ► Fulfilling President Correa's social agenda requires increasing oil production. ► Conservation demands have been subjected to developmental imperatives. ► Chinese loans and investments limit resource nationalism and favour pragmatism

75 FR 68533 - Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; Capital...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-11-08

... FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 615 RIN 3052-AC25 Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies... K. Van Meter, Deputy Director, Office of Regulatory Policy, Farm Credit Administration, 1501 Farm... Director, Office of Regulatory Policy, Farm Credit Administration, McLean, VA 22102- 5090, (703) 883-4232...

75 FR 30687 - Organization; Eligibility and Scope of Financing; Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-02

...; Eligibility and Scope of Financing; Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding... INFORMATION CONTACT: Elna Luopa, Senior Corporate Analyst, Office of Regulatory Policy, Farm Credit...

Loan Products Included in the Offer of Commercial Banks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vasile Dedu

2009-04-01

Full Text Available A bank loan is the main form of economical credit. It is for corporate activities – for medium and big companies and for retail activities – for small companies and individuals. The conditions for credit mainly depend on the quality of customers, it means their ability to perform a profitable activity and to be able to pay back the credits. For reasons which are mainly connected to marketing, bank practice has developed a large range of credit names, trying to emphasize some of the parts of the products or to take profit of some competition advantages in relation with customers’ products. We are trying to include the offer of bank loans in a typology which takes into account the law, the bank field rules and the main technical features of the offered products.

7 CFR 1737.92 - Loan documents.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan documents. 1737.92 Section 1737.92 Agriculture... PRE-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO INSURED AND GUARANTEED TELECOMMUNICATIONS LOANS Final Loan Approval Procedures § 1737.92 Loan documents. Following approval of the loan, RUS shall forward the...

7 CFR 1710.51 - Direct loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... GENERAL AND PRE-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO ELECTRIC LOANS AND GUARANTEES Types of Loans and... borrowers. (b) Loan documents. Successful applicants will be required to execute and deliver to RUS a...

7 CFR 1710.407 - Loan documents.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan documents. 1710.407 Section 1710.407 Agriculture... GENERAL AND PRE-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO ELECTRIC LOANS AND GUARANTEES Application Requirements and Procedures for Loans § 1710.407 Loan documents. Following approval of a loan, RUS will forward...

7 CFR 1710.406 - Loan approval.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan approval. 1710.406 Section 1710.406 Agriculture... GENERAL AND PRE-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO ELECTRIC LOANS AND GUARANTEES Application Requirements and Procedures for Loans § 1710.406 Loan approval. (a) A loan is approved when the Administrator...

7 CFR 1738.22 - Loan security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan security. 1738.22 Section 1738.22 Agriculture... RURAL BROADBAND ACCESS LOANS AND LOAN GUARANTEES Loan Purposes and Basic Policies § 1738.22 Loan security. (a) RUS makes loans only if, in the judgment of the Administrator, the security therefore is...

75 FR 27660 - Loan Policies and Operations; Loan Purchases From FDIC

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-18

... business. \\2\\ While a System institution could not qualify as a franchise purchaser, it could possibly pair with a non-System lender where that lender could buy the deposits and other loans leaving the System institution to buy the agricultural loans. FCA regulations currently provide that a System institution may not...

7 CFR 1610.4 - Loan applications.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL TELEPHONE BANK, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOAN POLICIES § 1610.4 Loan applications. No application for a loan will be considered for approval by the Bank... of the applicant for a Bank loan and the amount thereof. Loan application forms are available from...

Interlibrary loan and document delivery best practices for operating and managing interlibrary loan services in all libraries

CERN Document Server

Hilyer, Lee Andrew

2013-01-01

A must-have for librarians and their staffs working at all levels?from beginner to expertInterlibrary Loan and Document Delivery is a how-to guide to organizing an interlibrary loan department, providing extensive content on copyright law, ILL management systems, and human resources. This comprehensive book includes an introduction to ILL operations, governing policies, up-to-date information on borrowing and lending, and considerations for medicals libraries and distance learning. It also includes an extensive listing of resources relevant to today's ILL that serves as a handy des

7 CFR 1822.274 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan closing. 1822.274 Section 1822.274 Agriculture... SERVICE, RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, AND FARM SERVICE AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS AND GRANTS PRIMARILY FOR REAL ESTATE PURPOSES RURAL HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Rural Housing Site Loan Policies...

Combining tariffs, investment subsidies and soft loans in a renewable electricity deployment policy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mir-Artigues, Pere; Río, Pablo del

2014-01-01

Policy combinations and interactions have received a considerable attention in the climate and energy policy realm. However, virtually no attention has been paid to the analysis of the combination of different deployment instruments for the same renewable energy technology. This neglect is all the more striking given the existence in current policy practice of combinations of deployment instruments either across technologies or for the same technology, both in the EU and elsewhere. What renewable electricity support policies to use and, therefore, how to combine them in order to promote the deployment of renewable energy technologies cost-effectively is a main concern of governments. The aim of this paper is to provide insight on the cost-effectiveness of combinations of deployment instruments for the same technology. A financial model is developed for this purpose, whereby feed-in tariffs (FITs) are combined with investment subsidies and soft loans. The results show that the policy costs of combinations are the same as for the FITs-only option. Therefore, combining deployment instruments is not a cost-containment strategy. However, combinations may lead to different inter-temporal distributions of the same amount of policy costs and, thus, differently affect the social acceptability and political feasibility of renewable energy support. - Highlights: • Insight on the cost-effectiveness of combinations of deployment instruments for the same technology. • A financial model is developed. • Feed-in tariffs (FITs) are combined with investment subsidies and soft loans. • The policy costs of combinations are the same as for the FITs-only option. • Therefore, combining deployment measures is not a cost-containment strategy

78 FR 48941 - Agency Information Collection (Application for Cash Surrender or Policy Loan) Activities: Under...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-12

... the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and comment. The PRA submission describes the... (Application for Cash Surrender or Policy Loan) Activities: Under OMB Review AGENCY: Veterans Benefits... ``OMB Control No. 2900-0012.'' SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Titles: a. Application for Cash Surrender...

77 FR 75362 - Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-20

... FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 615 Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations CFR Correction 0 In Title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 600 to 899, revised as of January 1, 2012, on page 209, Subpart S, consisting of Sec. 615.5570, is...

7 CFR 1610.5 - Minimum Bank loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Minimum Bank loan. 1610.5 Section 1610.5 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL TELEPHONE BANK, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOAN POLICIES § 1610.5 Minimum Bank loan. A Bank loan will not be made unless the applicant qualifies for a Bank...

77 FR 31993 - Loan Workouts and Nonaccrual Policy, and Regulatory Reporting of Troubled Debt Restructured Loans

Science.gov (United States)

2012-05-31

...) instructions for reporting past due status on TDRs, many FICUs maintain separate, manual delinquency... loan delinquency based on restructured contract terms rather than the original loan terms. To that end... loan on nonaccrual status has no impact on the borrower's contractual obligation to the FICU. c...

75 FR 26346 - Agency Information Collection (Application for Cash Surrender or Policy Loan) Activities: Under...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-11

... abstracted below to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and comment. The PRA submission... (Application for Cash Surrender or Policy Loan) Activities: Under OMB Review AGENCY: Veterans Benefits...: Titles: a. Application for Cash Surrender, Government Life Insurance, VA Form 29-1546. b. Application for...

78 FR 21035 - Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; Accounting and...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-04-09

... Standards Board Interpretation No. 45 (FIN 45) Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for..., Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; Accounting and Reporting Requirements; Federal... references to accounting standards in these rules to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB...

78 FR 34550 - Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; Accounting and...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-10

... to accounting standards in these rules to the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting... Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification. In accordance with 12 U.S.C. 2252..., Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; Accounting and Reporting Requirements; Federal...

75 FR 9246 - Cooperative Share Loan Insurance

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-01

... DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-5376-N-14] Cooperative Share Loan... comments on the subject proposal. New guidance for cooperative housing loan insurance will be published to update existing policies, and better enable mortgagees to submit cooperative share loans for FHA...

12 CFR 614.4470 - Loans subject to bank approval.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans subject to bank approval. 614.4470 Section 614.4470 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Loan Approval Requirements § 614.4470 Loans subject to bank approval. (a) The following loans...

77 FR 39387 - Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management; Effective Date

Science.gov (United States)

2012-07-03

... FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 614 RIN 3052-AC60 Loan Policies and Operations; Lending and Leasing Limits and Risk Management; Effective Date AGENCY: Farm Credit Administration. ACTION: Notice of effective date. SUMMARY: The Farm Credit Administration (FCA or Agency), through the FCA Board (Board...

The determinants of loan contracts to business firms

OpenAIRE

Pham, Thi Thu Trà; Lensink, Robert

2006-01-01

This paper deals with loan contracting from a private bank in Vietnam. We focus on the main loan contract features that the bank uses in lending to business firms, namely loan maturity, collateral and loan interest rate. Based upon the simultaneous equation model of Dennis et al. (2000) and the bank’s loan contracting policies, we examine the possible interdependency of the three different loan contract terms. Also, we try to determine which firm characteristics and exogenous factors are rele...

7 CFR 1710.119 - Loan processing priorities.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... and Basic Policies § 1710.119 Loan processing priorities. (a) Generally loans are processed in... in effect at the time the facilities were originally constructed; (3) To finance the capital needs of...

Hazardous times for monetary policy : What do twenty-three million bank loans say about the effects of monetary policy on credit risk-taking?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jiménez, G.; Ongena, S.; Peydro, J.L.; Saurina, J.

2014-01-01

We identify the effects of monetary policy on credit risk-taking with an exhaustive credit register of loan applications and contracts. We separate the changes in the composition of the supply of credit from the concurrent changes in the volume of supply and quality, and the volume of demand. We

7 CFR 1744.207 - Investment not to jeopardize loan security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Investment not to jeopardize loan security. 1744.207... SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POST-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO GUARANTEED AND INSURED TELEPHONE LOANS Borrower Investments § 1744.207 Investment not to jeopardize loan security. A borrower shall...

13 CFR 120.881 - Ineligible Projects for 504 loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... financing real or personal property located outside the United States or its possessions). ... Development Company Loan Program (504) Loan-Making Policies Specific to 504 Loans § 120.881 Ineligible... A of this part, the following Projects are ineligible for 504 financing: (a) Relocation of any of...

13 CFR 120.215 - What interest rates apply to smaller loans?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What interest rates apply to... BUSINESS LOANS Policies Specific to 7(a) Loans Maturities; Interest Rates; Loan and Guarantee Amounts § 120.215 What interest rates apply to smaller loans? For a loan over $25,000 but not exceeding $50,000, the...

32 CFR 623.2 - Loan policies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Understanding (MOU), Apr. 24, 1975; AR 500-60 Secretary of the Army (or designee) Communications, earthmoving... request would result in loss of human life, grave bodily harm, or major destruction of property, and when the lack of communication facilities prevents use of normal procedures, loans otherwise permitted by...

In Sickness and in Debt: Do Mounting Medical Bills Predict Payday Loan Debt?

Science.gov (United States)

Bickham, Trey; Lim, Younghee

2015-01-01

Cash-strapped families sometimes turn to small, short-term loans with exorbitant fees—payday loans—to cope with mounting medical bills. Given that about three-fourths of payday loan customers are repeat borrowers, consumer advocates and policymakers have increasingly raised voices of concern about the use of payday loans to finance various household expenses, including, among other things, medical bills. The present study hypothesized that increases in medical debt are associated with increases in payday loan debt among a sample of Chapter 7 bankruptcy filers. The results of a multivariate tobit regression analysis showed that medical debt was associated with increased payday loan debt, controlling for various types of debt and other socioeconomic variables. This article concludes with implications of the results for social work policy- and direct-practice.

7 CFR 3565.204 - Maximum loan amount.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... project. The lender shall recommend to the Agency an adjustment in the loan amount if appropriate as a result of this review. (2) Where the project financing combines a guaranteed loan with Low-Income Housing Tax Credits or other Federal assistance, the project must conform to the policies regarding necessary...

7 CFR 1610.6 - Concurrent Bank and RUS cost-of-money loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Concurrent Bank and RUS cost-of-money loans. 1610.6..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOAN POLICIES § 1610.6 Concurrent Bank and RUS cost-of-money loans. (a) The Bank makes loans, under section 408 of the Act, concurrently with RUS cost-of-money loans made under section...

7 CFR 1610.10 - Determination of interest rate on Bank loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Determination of interest rate on Bank loans. 1610.10..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOAN POLICIES § 1610.10 Determination of interest rate on Bank loans. (a) All loan..., shall bear interest at the rate determined as established below, but not less than 5 percent per annum...

7 CFR 1710.151 - Required findings for all loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

.... Adequate electric service will be made available to the widest practical number of rural users in the... financial and managerial controls will be included in loan documents. See § 1710.113. (d) Interim financing... laws; the rules and policies of the state authority; precedents in other similar cases; statements made...

LOAN BROKERS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adela IONESCU

2014-05-01

Full Text Available A loan is probably the most important financial decision we make in life. In a time when lack of time affects us in every way, including financially, we can only appeal to specialists if we want fast, reliable and quality long-term services. „The notion of “creditor” includes all legal entities, branches of credit institution and nonbankingfinancial institutions that operate in Romania and grant or undertake to grant loans in itscommercial of professional activity”. In the case of loans, the "specialist" has been called loan broker. Loan broker is a person trained in intermediating bank loans who offers advice on choosing the best financial solutions for each client. Through partnerships with banks in Romania, the broker has access to their credit products and assist customers in choosing the loan that best suits their financial needs and possibilities. Moreover, the broker will help in preparing loan application to be submitted to the bank and pursue it to its completion. Loan broker can be defined as the person authorized by the bank or non-bank financial institutions to promote their products through direct contact with natural or legal persons wishing to contract a loan, without any of the parties to have exclusivity. There can be defined as an independent bank or non-bank financial institution, as an intermediary between customers and banks. Through its financial advisors , the company helps customers overcome the difficulty of understanding the credit products, difficulties arising from the multitude of factors that compose such a product, especially in the case of a housing loan or mortgage. Each financial institution is doing everything possible through such partnerships to attract the largest possible portfolio of clients, therefore is developing a real network of brokers to be partners for local or national level (depending on the sites coverage of the branches of each institution on one or more types of credit products. The

12 CFR 723.6 - What must your member business loan policy address?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... diligence standards, which also addresses the need for periodic financial statements, credit reports, and... experience, balance sheet, cash flow analysis, income statements, tax data, environmental impact assessment... requirements must include: (1) Loan-to-value ratios; (2) Determination of value; (3) Determination of ownership...

12 CFR 614.4080 - Loans and chartered territory-banks for cooperatives.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans and chartered territory-banks for cooperatives. 614.4080 Section 614.4080 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS Chartered Territories § 614.4080 Loans and chartered territory—banks for...

On Chinese Loan Words from English Language

Science.gov (United States)

Yan, Yun; Deng, Tianbai

2009-01-01

In the recent twenty years, with China's reform and opening policy to the outside world, there is a sharp increase in English loan words in Chinese. On the one hand, it demonstrates that China's soft power has been booming up. But on the other hand, some language pollution in the meanwhile is caused by non-standard use of loan words in Chinese.…

7 CFR 1710.106 - Uses of loan funds.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... and Basic Policies § 1710.106 Uses of loan funds. (a) Funds from loans made or guaranteed by RUS may be used to finance: (1) Distribution facilities. (i) The construction of new distribution facilities... station service, and the borrower is unable to finance the acquisition from other sources. See § 1710.107...

12 CFR 360.2 - Federal Home Loan banks as secured creditors.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Federal Home Loan banks as secured creditors... OF GENERAL POLICY RESOLUTION AND RECEIVERSHIP RULES § 360.2 Federal Home Loan banks as secured... regulations, the receiver of a borrower from a Federal Home Loan Bank shall recognize the priority of any...

How loan interest rate liberalization affects firms'loan maturity structure Evidence from listed manufacturing companies in China

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Jianfang Zhou; Jingjing Wang; Jianping Ding

2014-01-01

Purpose-After loan interest rate upper limit deregulation in October 2004,the financing environment in China changed dramatically,and the banks were eligible for risk compensation.The purpose of this paper is to focus on the influence of the loan interest rate librealization on firms' loan maturity structure.Design/methodology/approach-Based on Rajan's (1992) model the authors constructed a tradeoff model of how the banks choose long-term and short-term loans scales,and further analyzed banks' loan term decisions under the loan interest rate upper limit deregulation or collateral cases.Then the authors used an unbalanced panel data set of 586 Chinese listed manufacturing companies and 9,376 observations during the period 1996-2011 to testify the theoretical conclusion.Furthermore,the authors studied the effect on firms with different characteristics of ownership or scale.Findings-The results show that the loan interest rate liberalization significantly decreases the private companies' reliance on short-term loans and increases sensitivity to interest rates of stateowned companies' long-term loans.But the results also show that the companies' ownership still plays a key role on the long-term loans availability.When monetary policy tightened,small companies still have to borrow short-term loans for long-term purposes.As the bank industry is still dominated by state-owned banks and the deposit interest rate has upper limits,the effect of the loan interest rate liberalization on easing long-term credit constraints is limited.Originality/value-From a new perspective,the content and findings of this paper contribute to the study of the effect of the interest rate liberalization on China economy.

77 FR 54839 - Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-06

... CFR Parts 1710, 1717, 1721, 1724, and 1730 RIN 0572-AC19 Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan..., proposing policies and procedures for loan and guarantee financial assistance in support of energy efficiency programs (EE Programs) sponsored and implemented by electric utilities for the benefit of rural...

Loan Supply Shocks in Macedonia: A Bayesian SVAR Approach with Sign Restrictions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rilind Kabashi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzes the effects of loan supply, as well as aggregate demand,aggregate supply and monetary policy shocks between 1998 and 2014 in Macedonia using a structural vector autoregression model with sign restrictions and Bayesian estimation. The main results indicate that loan supply shocks have no significant effect on loan volumes and lending rates, or on economic activity and prices. The effects of monetary policy on lending activity are fairly limited, although there is some evidence that it affects lending rates more than loan volumes. Monetary policy shocks have strong effects on inflation, while the central bank reacts strongly to adverse shocks hitting the economy. Baseline results are confirmed by several robustness checks. According to historical decomposition, the lending activity was supporting economic growth before and during the crisis, but its contribution became negative during the recovery and it was a drag on growth until the end of the period. Pre-crisis GDP growth is mostly explained by supportive monetary policy. However, the restrictive monetary policy during the crisis contributed to the fall of GDP, before becoming supportive again during the early stages of the recovery. Policy rates in recent years mostly reflect subdued lending activity and aggregate supply factors, which the central bank tries to counteract with a more accommodative policy.

Informed or Overwhelmed? A Legislative History of Student Loan Counseling with a Literature Review on the Efficacy of Loan Counseling. Research Report

Science.gov (United States)

Klepfer, Kasey

2015-01-01

This report (the first in a series of five) explores congressional efforts to mitigate that risk and encourage informed borrowing by enacting statutes related to student loan counseling. After introducing the relevant contemporary policy context, it examines how federal rules governing student loan counseling evolved over time to embrace online…

Promoting renewables through soft loans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marcks, C.

1999-01-01

The DtA, founded in 1950s, is a federal institution owned by the German government. It assists the government to implement its economic, environmental and social policy. Financial assistance is being granted mainly through soft loans. Such loans are a flexible instrument, permitting to partially correct prices without severely distorting market forces. They assure total financing while spreading the subsidy over the entire period of the engagement. This avoids windfall opportunities often related to direct subsidies. Investors, therefore, have an intrinsic motivation to only submit sound and profitable projects. (orig./RHM)

78 FR 50026 - Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program Finding of No Significant Impact

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-16

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Rural Utilities Service Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program... implementing its new Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program. The FONSI decision document is based on... entitled ``Energy Efficiency and Conservation Loan Program,'' which expands upon policies and procedures...

Credit Risk Management - Loan Approval Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lulzim Rashiti

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is on understanding the international regulations issued by Basel I, Basel II and Basel III to best supervise and manage credit risk management policies. Part of paper will focus on the description and impacts of the regulations and the pivotal importance they play in providing a sound banking system. Credit risk represents another important element that will be analysed considering that it lays the foundation during the loan consideration and approval process. The paper will also explain in detail procedures and responsibilities shared along the process of loan acceptance by a banker. To sum up, the overall process from application to loan approval or denial will be explained pointing out the implications that are faced along the way

7 CFR 1980.481 - Insured loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) GENERAL Business and Industrial Loan Program § 1980.481 Insured loans. Applications...) Constructing and equipping industrial plants for lease to private businesses (not including loans for operating... concurrence prior to approval. B. Applications from private parties for insured loans will not be encouraged...

7 CFR 1718.51 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... LOAN SECURITY DOCUMENTS FOR ELECTRIC BORROWERS Mortgage for Distribution Borrowers § 1718.51 Policy. (a) Adequate loan security must be provided for loans made or guaranteed by RUS. The loans are required to be... security, or in connection with additional loans. (d) RUS may also require such other security instruments...

Financial stability and monetary policy -The case of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benjamin M. Tabak

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This paper seeks to examine the effects of monetary policy over banks' loans growth and whether there is a bank lending channel operating in Brazil. Therefore, we employ a detailed high frequency panel data in which we include bank characteristics and ownership control. We contribute to the literature on bank lending channel by showing that during periods of loosening/tightening monetary policy, banks increase/decrease their loans. Additionally,our results illustrate that large, well-capitalized and liquid banks react differentially to the effects of monetary policy shocks. Finally, we show that the impact of monetary policy differs across state-owned, foreign and private domestic banks. These results are important for developing and conducting monetary policy.

7 CFR 1735.73 - Loan design.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan design. 1735.73 Section 1735.73 Agriculture... Funds § 1735.73 Loan design. When loan funds are requested for an acquisition, details of the proposed acquisition shall be included in the Loan Design. See 7 CFR part 1737. ...

Policy impact of the Indonesian Central Bank certificate related on loan interest rate to the demand growth of property

Science.gov (United States)

Wirjodirdjo, B.; Asjari, H. Y.

2018-04-01

The Indonesian economic indicators shown a positive progress in the last three years, Foreign exchange reserves position of the end of March 2017 stood at US 121.8 billion higher than the position of the end of 2015 amounted to US 105.9 billion of the end of 2015. This reserve would ensure the resilience and maintaining sustainable Indonesian economic growth in the future. Although Indonesia’s foreign exchange is better, the structure of expenditure in the country is still less than ideal due the proportion of spending of consumer goods is far greater than the capital goods and tend to be unproductive spending. This needs to be regulated so that in the long term does not cause balance of payments deficit. Therefore, Indonesian Central Bank took a policy to raise interest rates for retail banks from 6% to 7.25% per annum gradually up to present. Policies relating to the interest rates on loans are intended to reduce the proportion of debt financing of consumer goods, however, these policies have implications to various economic sectors and one of those is property sector. A lot of research has been conducted related the impact of loan interest to the property sector but most of it is still in partial related to the ability the people to buy. However, this research has tried to see the implication of the macro Economic Policy of Indonesian Central Bank to the property sector as a systemic problem. This paper is going to present the study on the effects of these policies on the property sector, especially residence house. To obtain a comprehensive analysis and capture the relationship between interest rate policies and their impacts to the property sector, in this study the model developed and simulated using system dynamic methodology as an approach. Various scenarios are applied to the model to get an accurate information about how and when the effectiveness of the policy related to the property sector can be enforced. The result of this study can be delivered to

42 CFR 417.937 - Loan and loan guarantee provisions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan and loan guarantee provisions. 417.937 Section... HEALTH CARE PREPAYMENT PLANS Administration of Outstanding Loans and Loan Guarantees § 417.937 Loan and loan guarantee provisions. (a) Disbursement of loan proceeds. The principal amount of any loan made or...

7 CFR 1751.103 - Loan and loan advance requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan and loan advance requirements. 1751.103 Section... Telecommunications Modernization Plan § 1751.103 Loan and loan advance requirements. (a) For information about loan... February 13, 1996, RUS will make RUS hardship loans, RUS cost-of-money loans, and RTB loans for facilities...

7 CFR 1710.102 - Borrower eligibility for different types of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... LOANS AND GUARANTEES Loan Purposes and Basic Policies § 1710.102 Borrower eligibility for different... grid renewable energy systems. (See 7 CFR part 1712). These guarantees are normally used to finance bulk transmission and generation facilities, but they may also be used to finance distribution and...

Determinants of loan maturity in small business lending

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ashiqur Rahman

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the determinants of loan maturity of small and medium enterprises (SMEs in the context of Visegrad countries: Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Poland, and Hungary. The data of instead of for this paper was obtained from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS, which is a joint project of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the World Bank. By using a binary logistic model, we have found that loan maturity is shorter for older and mature firms, firms owned by female and firms experiencing a shortage of liquidity. At the same time, we have also found that firms having concentrated ownership structure and more tangible assets can borrow for a longer period. In addition to that, we have found evidence that loan maturity is longer for the firms located closer to a bank branch. We also provide empirical support for the assumption that bank low competition is associated with longer maturity. From the obtained results, we may recommend SMEs to borrow from banks that are within their vicinity since this may increase the maturity of loans. Policy makers are recommended to implement policies so that to alleviate gender-related discrimination and take initiatives to moderate the level of competition at this market.

7 CFR 1944.425 - Handling and accounting for borrower loan funds.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 13 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Handling and accounting for borrower loan funds. 1944... Grants § 1944.425 Handling and accounting for borrower loan funds. Grantees will be required to...HA or its successor agency under Public Law 103-354's non-discrimination policies in receiving...

THE LOAN CONTRACT IN THE NEW CIVIL CODE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LIVIA MOCANU

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The new Civil Code maintains, mainly, the stipulations of the Civil Code of 1865 regarding loan contracts, in its both forms (the loan for use and the loan for consumption. As a variety of the loan for consumption, a few new specific stipulations were included, regarding the loan with interest.This research is focused on the current regulation of the loan contract, including a series of changes, of which the most important refers to: the loan promise, the risk regarding the asset placed in a bailment, property transfer and the risk in the loan for consumption contract, loan return and the interest regime. Also, what kept my attention is the significant changes brought to the interest regime by the Law for applying the Civil Code, included for now in Chapter I of the O.G. no. 13/2011, regarding the legal compensatory interest and the penalty interest for financial duties, as well as for the regulation of certain financial-fiscal measures in the banking department.

Interlibrary Loan Communications Subsystem: Users Manual.

Science.gov (United States)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc., Dublin, OH.

The OCLC Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Communications Subsystem provides participating libraries with on-line control of ILL transactions. This user manual includes a glossary of terms related to the procedures in using the system. Sections describe computer entry, searching, loan request form, loan response form, ILL procedures, the special message…

Geothermal Loan Guaranty Program and its impact on geothermal exploration and development

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nasr, L.H.

1978-05-01

The study showed that the Geothermal Loan Guaranty Program has had only a negligible effect on geothermal development and the response to the program was far less than expected. The streamlining of environmental regulations and leasing policies, and the granting of intangible drilling cost write-offs and depletion allowances to operators would have had a greater impact on geothermal energy development. The loan guaranty program did not promote the undertaking of any new projects that would not have been undertaken without it. The program only accelerated the pace for some development which might have commenced in the future. Included in the study are recommendations for improving the operation of the program thereby increasing its attractiveness to potential applicants.

77 FR 76414 - William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-28

... Federal Direct Loan Program AGENCY: Department of Education. ACTION: Final regulations; correction... Loan (Perkins Loan) Program; the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program; and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) Program, including the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program...

11 CFR 100.82 - Bank loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bank loans. 100.82 Section 100.82 Federal... Contributions § 100.82 Bank loans. (a) General provisions. A loan of money to a political committee or a candidate by a State bank, a federally chartered depository institution (including a national bank) or a...

11 CFR 100.142 - Bank loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bank loans. 100.142 Section 100.142 Federal... Expenditures § 100.142 Bank loans. (a) General provisions. Repayment of a loan of money to a candidate or a political committee by a State bank, a federally chartered depository institution (including a national bank...

13 CFR 120.923 - Policies on subordination.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Section 120.923 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Development Company Loan Program (504) Third Party Loans § 120.923 Policies on subordination. (a) Financing provided by the seller of Project Property must be subordinate to the 504 loan. SBA may waive the...

12 CFR 621.5 - Accounting for the allowance for loan losses and chargeoffs.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... according to generally accepted accounting principles. (b) Develop, adopt, and consistently apply policies... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Accounting for the allowance for loan losses... ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS General Rules § 621.5 Accounting for the allowance for loan losses and...

Basel accord and financial intermediation: The impact of policy

OpenAIRE

Berka, Martin; Zimmermann, Christian

2012-01-01

This paper studies loan activity in a context where banks must follow Basel Accord-type rules and acquire financing from households. Loan activity typically decreases when entrepreneurs' investment returns decline, and we study which type of policy could reinvigorate an economy in a trough. We find that active monetary policy increases loan volume even when the economy is in good shape; introducing active capital requirement policy can be effective as well if it implies tightening of regulati...

76 FR 78827 - Loan Guaranty Revised Loan Modification Procedures

Science.gov (United States)

2011-12-20

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 38 CFR Part 36 RIN 2900-AN78 Loan Guaranty Revised Loan... amends a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Loan Guaranty regulation related to modification of guaranteed housing loans in default. Specifically, changes are made to requirements related to maximum...

The Impact of Monetary Policy on Bank Credit During Economic Crisis: Indonesia's Experience

OpenAIRE

Mongid, Abdul

2008-01-01

The monetary policy mechanism by which monetary policy was transmitted to thereal economy had emerged as the pivotal discussion topic recently. This paper tried to discussthe impact of Bank Indonesia’s monetary policy on loan bank. By using simple loan bankframework we concluded that monetary policies were able to influence loan bank. Themonetary variables such as discount rate policy, base money and exchange rate policy werevery important in determining the banking credit. As the credit was ...

Covenant Violations and Dynamic Loan Contracting

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Freudenberg, Felix; Imbierowicz, Björn; Saunders, Anthony

2017-01-01

This paper examines the dynamic allocation of control rights in private debt contracts of firms. We show that a covenant violation in the prior loan contract implies a stigma for borrowers which results in stricter loan contract terms in subsequent new loan contracts. Our analyses reject...... potentially other explanations such as firm characteristics or agency problems between the lender and firm management, shareholders or public debtholders. After covenant violations in the prior contract, new loans have on average 18 bps higher spreads and include more of those covenant types which also have...

12 CFR 614.4070 - Loans and chartered territory-Farm Credit Banks, agricultural credit banks, Federal land bank...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans and chartered territory-Farm Credit Banks..., provided such loans are authorized by the policies of the bank and/or association involved, do not constitute a significant shift in loan volume away from the bank or association's assigned territory, and are...

Collateral Damage: Interlibrary Loan Lending Denials

Science.gov (United States)

Leykam, Andrew

2009-01-01

The intent of this paper is to explore the potential of utilizing interlibrary loan (ILL) data relating to lending denials to improve ILL services while highlighting institutional policies that have a negative impact on lending fulfillment rates. Reasons for denial as well as the types of requests being denied are reviewed. In addition, the author…

Analysis of Post Loan Disbursement Allocation and Performance of Non-Prime Household Loan in Microfinance Banks in Kenya

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard Ndirangu Wachira

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The part played by non-prime household loans in improving the lives of many people who cannot afford collateral globally cannot be ignored. Many Microfinance Banks in many economies worldwide have tried to maintain the Grameen Bank Model of granting microloans, mainly non-prime household loans. However, the credit risks associated with this initiative hamper the pace at which the granting of this credit facility is expected to grow. This study intends to explore the relationship between the post loan disbursement allocation and the performance of non-prime household loans in the Microfinance Banks in Kenya. The theory associated to this study is the Credit Risk Theory. This theory, which is regarded as credit structural theory, was developed by Merton in 1972. The descriptive survey research design method was applied, and the sample size was 150 respondents. The data-collection tool used was a questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis was conducted for the purpose of predicting non-prime household performance in the Microfinance Banks using training budget, recoveries budget, percentage of training budget, and percentage of recoveries budget as predictors. The Wald test shows that training budget, recoveries budget, and percentage of training budget were good predictors, making a significant contribution to prediction. The percentage of budget on recoveries was not a significant predictor. The Microfinance Banks should enhance the performance of non-prime household loans through capacity building to the borrowers and educate the borrowers on dangers of enforced loan recoveries. The government, through the Central Bank of Kenya, should have a training policy for the Microfinance Banks so that they can enlighten the borrowers on proper financial management to avoid conflicts with borrowers during loan recoveries.

Determinants of Non Performing Loans in Commercial Banks: A Study of NBC Bank Dodoma Tanzania

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N. Viswa Nadham

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The study attempts to ascertain the determinants of nonperforming loans in National Bank of Commerce. Data was collected from 152 respondents. Tables, percentages, mean and standard deviation were used to analyze data. Data collection methods adopted for the study were interview, questionnaire and documentary evidence. Interest rate, GDP, concentration of lending activities, bank’s loan supervision capacity and economic condition were investigated, and the results suggest that interest rate, GDP, bank’s loan supervision capacity and economic condition influence the level of NPLs. However, the results did not suggest that concentration of lending activities increase the level of NPLs.   The study suggests that banks should put in place a vibrant credit process that ensures proper customer selection and risk identification, robust credit analysis, proactive monitoring and clear recovery strategies for bad loans, formulate clear policy framework that addresses issues of ethical standards and check and balance credit process, organizational capacity enhancement of banks, deliberate effort to develop credit culture for managing loans ,and ensure prudent policies that govern bank loans. Since the results for this study were encouraging, the researcher encourages replicating the study for other lending institutions. In order to extend the literature on non-performing loans, the researcher suggested incorporating models of Golem effect, Social loafing, Inverted pyramid effect, Pollyanna effect and High default culture effect.  Also, basing on the merits of the study, the researcher suggests determining relationship between non-performing loans and loan size, collateral, credit culture, and credit management information system.

Effective Counseling, Empowered Borrowers: An Evidence-Based Policy Agenda for Informed Student Loan Borrowing and Repayment. Research Report

Science.gov (United States)

Fernandez, Chris

2016-01-01

To manage their loans effectively, U.S. postsecondary student loan borrowers must make a variety of important decisions that require significant knowledge and financial skills and entail considerable risk. Federal law requires colleges to provide student loan counseling to their federal student loan borrowers, but there is significant room for…

13 CFR 120.345 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... International Trade Loans § 120.345 Policy. Section 7(a)(16) of the Act authorizes SBA to guarantee loans to small businesses that are: (a) Engaged or preparing to engage in international trade; or (b) Adversely...

75 FR 53007 - Gulf Opportunity Pilot Loan Program (GO Loan Pilot)

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-30

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Gulf Opportunity Pilot Loan Program (GO Loan Pilot) AGENCY: U.S...'s GO Loan Pilot until September 30, 2011. Due to the scope and magnitude of the devastation to... streamlined and centralized loan processing available through the GO Loan Pilot to small businesses in the...

75 FR 66699 - Farm Loan Programs Loan Making Activities; Correction

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-29

... Loan Programs Loan Making Activities; Correction AGENCY: Farm Service Agency, USDA. ACTION: Proposed rule; correction. SUMMARY: This document contains a correction to the proposed rule titled ``Farm Loan Programs Loan Making Activities'' that was published September 23, 2010. The Farm Service Agency (FSA) is...

Investigating on effects of different granting loans on bank deposits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seyed Kazem Ebrahimi

2013-02-01

Full Text Available This paper investigates the relationship between different granting loans and bank deposits in some governmental banks in province of Semnan, Iran. For the proposed study of this paper, equipment of resources includes cash account, zero-interest account, short term investment and long term investment and these are considered as dependent variables. There are also seven types of granting loans devoted to customers, which are partnership loans, zero-interest loans, civic participation, contract quantity loans, future contract loans, rent-purchase loans and installment sales loans. The study considers the financial information of 171 governmental banks located in province of Semnan, Iran over the period 2006-2011. The results of our study indicate that five variables maintain positive impact on dependent variable. The highest impact belongs to Partnership loans (0.34, followed by Sales loans (0.24, contract quantity loans (0.21 and Zero-interest loans (0.16 and Future contract loans (0.14 come in the last position. The study also uses Freedman test to rank dependent factors and the results indicate that short- term investment is number one priority followed by long term investment and the other two options including zero-interest and cash accounts are in lower priority.

76 FR 5055 - Loan Servicing; Farm Loan Programs

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-28

... suspending interest accrual and offsets, if a borrower has filed a claim of program discrimination that has... claim, including interest accruals and offsets, while the discrimination claim is being resolved. This... 761 Accounting, Loan programs--Agriculture, Rural areas. 7 CFR Part 766 Agriculture, Agricultural...

26 CFR 1.7872-15 - Split-dollar loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

...'s death benefit proceeds, the policy's cash surrender value, or both. (ii) Payments that are only... regarding certain split-dollar term loans payable on the death of an individual, certain split-dollar term... insurance arrangement make a representation—(i) Requirement. An otherwise noncontingent payment on a split...

Bank loan loss provisions research: A review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peterson K. Ozili

2017-09-01

Full Text Available We review the recent academic and policy literature on bank loan loss provisioning. Among other things, we observe that there exist some interaction between LLPs and existing prudential, accounting, institutional, cultural, religious, tax and fiscal frameworks which differ across countries; and we find that managerial discretion in provisioning is strongly linked to income smoothing, capital management, signalling, tax management and other objectives. We also address several issues including the ethical dimensions of income smoothing, factors influencing income smoothing, methodological issues in LLP modelling and the dynamic loan loss provisioning experiment; which opens up several avenues for further research such as: finding a balance between sufficient LLPs which regulators want versus transparent LLPs which standard setters want; the sensitivity of abnormal LLPs to changes in equity; the persistence of abnormal LLPs following CEO exit; country-specific interventions that induce LLP procyclicality in emerging countries; the impact of Basel III on banks' provisioning discretion; LLP behaviour among systemic and non-systemic financial institutions; etc. We conclude that regulators need to pay attention to how much discretion lending institutions should have in determining reported provision estimates, and this has been a long standing issue.

76 FR 27986 - Funding for the Conservation Loan Program; Farm Loan Programs

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-13

... for the Conservation Loan Program; Farm Loan Programs AGENCY: Farm Service Agency, USDA. ACTION... or guaranteed loan applications for the Conservation Loan (CL) Program because of lack of program... provisions to the existing direct and guaranteed loan regulations found in 7 CFR parts 761, 762, 764, 765...

77 FR 13530 - Funding for the Conservation Loan Program; Farm Loan Programs

Science.gov (United States)

2012-03-07

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Funding for the Conservation Loan Program; Farm Loan... Service Agency (FSA) now has funding for and is accepting guaranteed loan applications for the Conservation Loan (CL) Program. Due to a lack of program funding for direct CLs, direct loan applications are...

Enhancing Cooperative Loan Scheme Through Automated Loan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2013-03-01

Mar 1, 2013 ... Financial transactions through manual system of operation .... Integrated Financial Accounting. The accounting processes for loans are supported within Loans ... principal and interest, and print checks, payment receipts, or ...

The investigation on the relationship between the problem of long-term loan and economic growth

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Wenjie Du

2011-01-01

Purpose-Since the reform and opening-up policy,the long-term problem of loans became more and more serious when China's economy maintained rapid growth.The purpose of this paper is to explore the profound causes of the medium-and long-term problem of loans and the relationship between it and economic growth.Design/methodology/approach-Using panel data for 28 provinces and cities of China during 1994-2005,this paper investigates the determinants on the maturity of bank credit using threshold panel data of Hansen.In addition,using dynamics panel data,this paper investigates the effects of the maturity structure of bank credit on economic growth.Findings-The drop of bank industry concentration tends to increase the supply of long-term loans.The raise of economic growth and the increase of industrialization degree promote the demand of long-term loans,significantly.Furthermore,the threshold effects of inflation exist.When the initial inflation is lower than 3.9 percent,the raise of inflation can increase the supply of long-term loans.When the initial inflation is higher than 3.9 percent,the raise of inflation can decrease the supply of long-term loans.The increase in the supply of long-term loans can promote the economic growth.Originality/value-The paper has two innovations:first,when studying the determinants on the maturity of bank credit,using the threshold panel approach takes account of the nonlinear adjustment of inflation;second,including the maturity of bank credit into the realm of financial development studies the relationship between this and economic growth.

7 CFR 1962.2 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) PERSONAL PROPERTY Servicing and Liquidation of Chattel Security § 1962.2 Policy. Chattel security, EO property and note only loans will be serviced to accomplish the loan objectives and...

Como reembolsar sus prestamos para estudiantes (Repaying Your Student Loans).

Science.gov (United States)

Office of Federal Student Aid (ED), Washington, DC.

This guide, written in Spanish, discusses how to repay student loans. Following a general introduction, the guide discusses the grace period before repayment and repayment requirements. Repayment plans are described for Perkins Loans, Direct Loans, and Federal Family Education Loans. Repayment options are discussed, including consolidation,…

13 CFR 307.9 - Revolving Loan Fund Plan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Revolving Loan Fund Plan. 307.9... economic development plan, if applicable, and business development objectives, and shall describe the RLF's financing strategy, policy and portfolio standards. (2) Part II of the Plan titled “Operational Procedures...

12 CFR 347.304 - Accounting for fees on international loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... accepted accounting principles. ... 12 Banks and Banking 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Accounting for fees on international loans. 347... OF GENERAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL BANKING International Lending § 347.304 Accounting for fees on...

76 FR 60960 - Gulf Opportunity Pilot Loan Program (GO Loan Pilot)

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-30

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Gulf Opportunity Pilot Loan Program (GO Loan Pilot) AGENCY: U.S.... SUMMARY: This notice announces the extension of SBA's GO Loan Pilot, with modifications, until December 31... processing available through the GO Loan Pilot to small businesses in the eligible parishes/counties through...

Bank Systemic Risk-Taking and Loan Pricing : Evidence from Syndicated Loans

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gong, D.

2014-01-01

In this paper we document evidence of systemic risk taking from syndicated loan pricing. Using U.S. syndicated loan data, we find that the borrower's idiosyncratic risk is positively priced whereas systematic risk is negatively related to loan spreads, controlling for firm, loan and bank specific

Student Loans Driving You Crazy? A Borrower's Guide to Direct Consolidation Loans.

Science.gov (United States)

Office of Federal Student Aid (ED), Washington, DC.

This booklet describes the Direct Consolidation Loan program students can use to combine one or more student loans into a new loan. Things to consider before seeking a consolidation loan are outlined. Direct consolidation loans offer a number of advantages; they are free, result in one lender and one monthly payment, and offer flexible repayment…

13 CFR 120.520 - Purchase of 7(a) loan guarantees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... condition of the collateral, plans for any type of loan workout or loan restructuring, existing liquidation activities including the sale of loan collateral, or the status of ongoing foreclosure proceedings. The... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purchase of 7(a) loan guarantees...

Monetary policy, bank size and bank lending: Evidence from Australia

OpenAIRE

Liu, Luke

2011-01-01

The transmission of monetary policy may hold the key to explaining the effects of policy on the economy. The objective of the study is to assess the importance of the bank lending channel in the transmission of monetary policy in Australia. In this paper, we found that the effectiveness of monetary policy varies with the size of the bank as well as the type of the loan. For different asset size and different kinds of loans, the effect of monetary policy is different. Thus, policy has distribu...

45 CFR 1336.65 - Staffing and organization of the Revolving Loan Fund: Responsibilities of the Loan Administrator.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... organization table, including: (a) The structure and composition of the Board of Directors of the RLF; (b) The... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Staffing and organization of the Revolving Loan... Hawaiian Revolving Loan Fund Demonstration Project § 1336.65 Staffing and organization of the Revolving...

12 CFR 226.48 - Limitations on private education loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... identified with a covered educational institution, in the marketing of private education loans in a way that implies that the covered education institution endorses the creditor's loans. (2) A creditor's marketing... regulation, paragraph (a)(1) of this section does not apply if the private education loan marketing includes...

13 CFR 120.350 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... a qualified employee trust (“ESOP”) to: (a) Help finance the growth of its employer's small business... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Policy. 120.350 Section 120.350 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Qualified...

From Payday Loans To Pawnshops: Fringe Banking, The Unbanked, And Health.

Science.gov (United States)

Eisenberg-Guyot, Jerzy; Firth, Caislin; Klawitter, Marieka; Hajat, Anjum

2018-03-01

The fringe banking industry, including payday lenders and check cashers, was nearly nonexistent three decades ago. Today it generates tens of billions of dollars in annual revenue. The industry's growth accelerated in the 1980s with financial deregulation and the working class's declining resources. With Current Population Survey data, we used propensity score matching to investigate the relationship between fringe loan use, unbanked status, and self-rated health, hypothesizing that the material and stress effects of exposure to these financial services would be harmful to health. We found that fringe loan use was associated with 38 percent higher prevalence of poor or fair health, while being unbanked (not having one's own bank account) was associated with 17 percent higher prevalence. Although a variety of policies could mitigate the health consequences of these exposures, expanding social welfare programs and labor protections would address the root causes of the use of fringe services and advance health equity.

Strategies to Test for Private Student Loan Discrimination

Science.gov (United States)

Darolia, Rajeev

2014-01-01

Little is known about private student loan discrimination, in contrast to the relatively developed research on discrimination in other credit markets such as mortgages and credit cards. The private student lending market can play a key role in responding to changes in the policy or economic environment, and many students and their families turn to…

75 FR 81145 - Members of Federal Home Loan Banks

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-27

... financial reports must show that it originates or purchases such loans. In theory, an applicant could... context of the home financing policy requirement, the absence of any qualitative standards as to the form... members. With respect to the 10 percent requirement, initial research indicates that, of the approximately...

7 CFR 4279.113 - Eligible loan purposes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., whichever is less. (i) Purchase of membership, stocks, bonds, or debentures necessary to obtain a loan from... to obtain a loan. (k) Aquaculture, including conservation, development, and utilization of water for... projects that produce biomass fuel or biogas as an output must have completed two operating cycles at...

THE IMPACT OF MONETARY POLICY ON BANK CREDIT DURING ECONOMIC CRISIS: INDONESIA’S EXPERIENCE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdul Mongid

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The monetary policy mechanism by which monetary policy was transmitted to thereal economy had emerged as the pivotal discussion topic recently. This paper tried to discussthe impact of Bank Indonesia’s monetary policy on loan bank. By using simple loan bankframework we concluded that monetary policies were able to influence loan bank. Themonetary variables such as discount rate policy, base money and exchange rate policy werevery important in determining the banking credit. As the credit was very important to influencesthe economic activitiy, the result provided evidence that monetary policy was important as atool to control economic activity via credit channel. The validity of this study challenged thehypotheses that monetary policy was death. However, monetary policy maker should carefullyconsider the soundness of the banking industry because it was a strategic partner for monetaryauthority to control the economic activities.

Federal Student Loan Programs

Science.gov (United States)

Federal Student Aid, US Department of Education, 2014

2014-01-01

For those needing a loan to attend college, think federal aid first. Federal student loans usually offer borrowers lower interest rates and have more flexible repayment terms and options than private student loans. This brief report answers the following questions about federal aid: (1) What is a federal student loan?; (2) What is a private…

The Role Played by Agricultural Policy-based Finance in New Village Construction

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

2011-01-01

The necessity of the agricultural policy-based finance in terms of supporting the new village construction is analyzed: in the first place, the theoretical roots of agricultural policy-based finance supporting new village construction are "market failure" and "government intervention"; in the second place, the continual decline of agriculture and the "rural financial market failure" in recent years have become the objective evidence and historical mission for agricultural policy-based finance to support new village construction; in the third place, the combination of agricultural policy-based finance and new village construction is conducive to solving the "three agriculture" problems and facilitating the reform of new village construction. The feasibility of the support is analyzed: firstly, agricultural policy-based finance boasts the status and position of the "primary drive" in new village construction; secondly, the nation continuously deepens the reform of rural financial system and policy-based banks and strengthens the functions of Agricultural Development Bank, which provides policies for agricultural policy-based finance to support new village construction; thirdly, the 14 years’ reform and development of Agricultural Development Bank and the eleventh five year plan lay sound practical basis for the support of agricultural policy-based finance to new village construction. Based on the necessity and feasibility, the following six aspects are analyzed to fully display the function of the "first engine" of agricultural policy-related finance to new village construction. Firstly, strengthening the credit and loan aid to grain and cotton and some other agricultural products in the circulation domain; secondly, strengthening the credit and loan aid to agricultural industrialization in processing field; thirdly, intensifying the credit and loan aid to agricultural comprehensive development, rural infrastructure construction, application and promotion of

34 CFR 682.206 - Due diligence in making a loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Due diligence in making a loan. 682.206 Section 682.206 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY... Due diligence in making a loan. (a) General. (1) Loan-making duties include determining the borrower's...

34 CFR 682.208 - Due diligence in servicing a loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Due diligence in servicing a loan. 682.208 Section 682.208 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF... § 682.208 Due diligence in servicing a loan. (a) The loan servicing process includes reporting to...

Beyond Financial Need: Predictors of Student Loans and Student Loan Attitudes

Science.gov (United States)

Norvilitis, Jill M.; Bat, Meghan J.

2016-01-01

Although public concern about student loan debt has been increasing, little research has examined predictors of debt beyond financial need or demographic factors. The present study explored the role of several psychological and attitudinal variables in student loan debt among 189 college students. Results indicate that loan initiative and loan…

38 CFR 36.4204 - Loan purposes, maximum loan amounts and terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan purposes, maximum loan amounts and terms. 36.4204 Section 36.4204 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief DEPARTMENT OF... constructing a suitable pad for the manufactured home. (e) The maximum permissible loan terms shall not exceed...

The crediting policies of Micro-Financial Institutions in Kosovo and their impact in the development of agriculture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr.Sc Drita Konxheli

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Agriculture is a very important sector of Kosovo economy. Seeing the big agriculture sector’s need for crediting, this paper is focused on credit policies of micro financial institutions, by emphasizing their impact in the development of agriculture. Since the number of micro financial institutions in Kosovo is quite big and analyzing the crediting policies of all of them is impossible, for comparing analyzes this paper focuses in three of them.  Several clients of the micro financial institutions were surveyed to check the impact that the loans they took had on the development of their agricultural activity. The survey includes the entire territory of Kosovo, meaning, clients of different regions were surveyed including minority-inhabited zones. Micro loan has become a support for many farmers, artisans and traders of various Kosovo rural zones. The micro loan makes it possible to have access to financial services for funding small projects in the field of agriculture, cattle-raising or in service sectors, such as artisans, small grocery shops, etc. The main goals of this research is to analyze the credit policies of MFIs operating in Kosovo and their impact in development of agriculture; a comparative analyses of impact of these credit policies in development of agriculture and identification of new crediting policies that might impact further agricultural development.

77 FR 51751 - Information Collection Request; Farm Loan Programs, Direct Loan Making

Science.gov (United States)

2012-08-27

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Information Collection Request; Farm Loan Programs, Direct Loan Making AGENCY: Farm Service Agency, USDA. ACTION: Notice; request for comments. SUMMARY: In... approved information collection that supports Direct Loan Making programs. The information collection is in...

7 CFR 1738.30 - Rural broadband access loans and loan guarantees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... interest at a rate set by the lender consistent with the current applicable market rate for a loan of... Derivative or any Guaranteed-Amount Debt Derivative; or (B) Any holder of the Guaranteed Loan Note or any Guaranteed Loan Portion Note or any Derivative, as the case may be, having a claim to payments on the...

7 CFR 1717.655 - Exclusion of certain investments, loans, and guarantees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

...) RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POST-LOAN POLICIES AND PROCEDURES COMMON TO INSURED... which have been purchased as a condition of membership in the supplemental lender, or as a condition of... waste disposal systems; (C) Telecommunication and other electronic communication systems; and (D...

7 CFR 2201.19 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan terms. 2201.19 Section 2201.19 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) LOCAL TELEVISION LOAN GUARANTEE BOARD LOCAL TELEVISION LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM-PROGRAM REGULATIONS Loan Guarantees § 2201.19 Loan terms. (a) All Loans...

Uranium loans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1990-01-01

When NUEXCO was organized in 1968, its founders conceived of a business based on uranium loans. The concept was relatively straightforward; those who found themselves with excess supplies of uranium would deposit those excesses in NUEXCO's open-quotes bank,close quotes and those who found themselves temporarily short of uranium could borrow from the bank. The borrower would pay interest based on the quantity of uranium borrowed and the duration of the loan, and the bank would collect the interest, deduct its service fee for arranging the loan, and pay the balance to those whose deposits were borrowed. In fact, the original plan was to call the firm Nuclear Bank Corporation, until it was discovered that using the word open-quotes Bankclose quotes in the name would subject the firm to various US banking regulations. Thus, Nuclear Bank Corporation became Nuclear Exchange Corporation, which was later shortened to NUEXCO. Neither the nuclear fuel market nor NUEXCO's business developed quite as its founders had anticipated. From almost the very beginning, the brokerage of uranium purchases and sales became a more significant activity for NUEXCO than arranging uranium loans. Nevertheless, loan transactions have played an important role in the international nuclear fuel market, requiring the development of special knowledge and commercial techniques

Correlates of Success in World Bank Development Policy Lending

OpenAIRE

Moll, Peter; Geli, Patricia; Saavedra, Pablo

2015-01-01

This paper examines the correlates of success of development policy lending operations of the World Bank between 2004 and 2012. The paper uses a data set constructed of individual loan characteristics and ex-post loan ratings produced by the World Bank's Independent Evaluation Group. Departing from the related literature, the paper focuses mostly on examining the impact of loan characteris...

5 CFR 1655.14 - Loan payments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan payments. 1655.14 Section 1655.14 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL RETIREMENT THRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD LOAN PROGRAM § 1655.14 Loan payments. (a) Loan payments must be made through payroll deduction in accordance with the loan agreement. Once loan...

13 CFR 400.202 - Loan amount.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan amount. 400.202 Section 400.202 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.202 Loan amount. (a) The aggregate amount of loan principal guaranteed...

13 CFR 400.204 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan terms. 400.204 Section 400.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY STEEL GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Steel Guarantee Loans § 400.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the Program shall be...

7 CFR 762.121 - Loan purposes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan purposes. 762.121 Section 762.121 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED FARM LOANS § 762.121 Loan purposes. (a) Operating Loan purposes. (1) Loan... the need to refinance; (viii) Payment of loan closing costs; (ix) Payment of costs associated with...

Increasing electric vehicle policy efficiency and effectiveness by reducing mainstream market bias

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Green, Erin H.; Skerlos, Steven J.; Winebrake, James J.

2014-01-01

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) provide an opportunity for reducing energy use and emissions in the transportation sector. Currently, a number of federal policies are in place to incentivize deployment of PEVs to mainstream consumers with demographics and vehicle attribute preferences most common to today's new vehicle purchasers. This article argues that policies intending to give PEVs a foothold in the market should not focus on mainstream consumers and should instead focus on niche markets—specifically carsharing and postal fleets—and early adopters including green consumers. Two arguments can be made in support of eliminating the mainstream market bias of current policies toward a policy of cultivating niche markets. The first is efficiency: so far PEV policies featuring a mainstream market bias have proven to be inefficient and costly. The second is effectiveness: it is becoming increasingly evident that PEV policies would be more effective in achieving potential societal benefits if they focused on early adopters and niche markets using such approaches as strategic niche management, accessible loans and financing, and appropriately targeted incentives. PEV policies focused on early adopters and niche markets would create complementary system effects that will lead to increased PEV market penetration and realization of intended societal benefits. - Highlights: • We argue that U.S. electric vehicle policies are inefficient and ineffective. • We introduce “mainstream consumer bias” as an explanation for policy deficiencies. • We propose an alternative policy agenda to address some of these policy problems. • Proposed policy options include strategic niche management, targeted R and D and incentives, and loans

78 FR 65107 - Loans in Areas Having Special Flood Hazards

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-30

...) 898-3991, Division of Depositor and Consumer Protection. FCA: Paul K. Gibbs, Senior Accountant, Office..., 2012, was not required by Federal or State law to escrow taxes or insurance for the term of the loan and did not have a policy to require escrow of taxes and insurance. The Agencies are proposing to...

76 FR 6555 - Loan Guaranty Revised Loan Modification Procedures

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-07

... loan; and advances required to preserve the lien position, such as homeowner association fees, special... delinquent interest, advances, or other amounts due; extending the repayment terms; changing the interest... encountered two sets of circumstances that have caused difficulty in easily modifying loans to assist veterans...

7 CFR 1436.7 - Loan term.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan term. 1436.7 Section 1436.7 Agriculture... AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS FARM STORAGE FACILITY LOAN PROGRAM REGULATIONS § 1436.7 Loan term. (a) For eligible facility loan commodities other than sugar, the term of the loan will be 7...

7 CFR 764.401 - Loan decision.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan decision. 764.401 Section 764.401 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS DIRECT LOAN MAKING Loan Decision and Closing § 764.401 Loan decision. (a) Loan approval. (1) The Agency will approve a loan only if it determines that: (i) The applicant's farm operating...

13 CFR 500.202 - Loan amount.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan amount. 500.202 Section 500.202 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN PROGRAM Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loans § 500.202 Loan amount. The aggregate amount of loan...

7 CFR 1980.424 - Term of loan repayment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... scheduled for payment as agreed upon by the lender and applicant but on terms that reasonably assure repayment of the loan. However, the first installment to include a repayment of principal may be scheduled... collateral obsolescence prior to full repayment of the indebtedness. The loan file must be documented to...

Direct Loan Cash Management and Data Matching (Reconciliation).

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Education, Washington, DC.

This guide for institutions of higher education and other schools receiving funds under the William D. Ford Direct Loan Program details required and recommended procedures for the reconciliation process. The reconciliation process is explained to include cash management (the accounting for Direct Loan funds drawn down and disbursed to borrowers)…

13 CFR 500.204 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan terms. 500.204 Section 500.204 Business Credit and Assistance EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN BOARD EMERGENCY OIL AND GAS GUARANTEED LOAN PROGRAM Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loans § 500.204 Loan terms. (a) All loans guaranteed under the...

Bank loan components and the time-varying effects of monetary policy shocks

NARCIS (Netherlands)

den Haan, W.J.; Sumner, S.W.; Yamashiro, G.M.

2011-01-01

The impulse response function (IRF) of an aggregate variable is time-varying if the IRFs of its components are different from each other and the relative magnitudes of the components are not constant—two conditions likely to be true in practice. We model the behaviour of loan components and document

Public Service Loan Forgiveness. NASFAA Task Force Report

Science.gov (United States)

National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators, 2014

2014-01-01

The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program was established in 2007 to encourage student borrowers to work in the public sector. Qualifying borrowers may have their Direct Loans forgiven after 10 years of full-time service in an eligible job. Currently, qualifying employers include federal, state, or local government agencies and tax-exempt…

Understanding Loan Aversion in Education

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Boatman

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Although prior research has suggested that some students may be averse to taking out loans to finance their college education, there is little empirical evidence showing the extent to which loan aversion exists or how it affects different populations of students. This study provides the first large-scale quantitative evidence of levels of loan aversion in the United States. Using survey data collected on more than 6,000 individuals, we examine the frequency of loan aversion in three distinct populations. Depending on the measure, between 20 and 40% of high school seniors exhibit loan aversion with lower rates among community college students and adults not in college. Women are less likely to express loan-averse attitudes than men, and Hispanic respondents are more likely to be loan averse than White respondents.

Entrance Counseling Guide for Direct Loan Borrowers

Science.gov (United States)

Federal Student Aid, US Department of Education, 2010

2010-01-01

This guide describes the four types of loans offered by the Direct Loan Program[SM]: (1) Direct Subsidized Loans; (2) Direct Unsubsidized Loans; (3) Direct PLUS Loans; and (4) Direct Consolidation Loans. Among the topics covered in the guide are: Use of Your Loan Money, The Master Promissory Note, How Your Loans Will Be Disbursed (Paid Out),…

Philippines: Population: USAID loan.

Science.gov (United States)

The Philippines and the United States Agency for International Development signed an agreement on Christmas Day for a US $5.7 million loan and a US $6 million grant for the country's population program. The loan, which matures in 40 years, carries a 2% interest per year for the first 10 years, and 3% thereafter. A 10-year grace period is provided. The US $11.7 million loan and grant package is the first part of USAID's pledge of US $26.9 million in loan and US $29.8 million in grants for the population project. The agreement was signed by Finance Minister Cesar Virata and USAID director Anthony Schwarzwalder. The total loan package of US $57.7 million will be given in the next 5 years.

24 CFR 201.41 - Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Loan servicing. 201.41 Section 201... DEVELOPMENT MORTGAGE AND LOAN INSURANCE PROGRAMS UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT AND OTHER AUTHORITIES TITLE I PROPERTY IMPROVEMENT AND MANUFACTURED HOME LOANS Loan Administration § 201.41 Loan servicing. (a) Generally...

49 CFR 260.9 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan terms. 260.9 Section 260.9 Transportation... TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS GOVERNING LOANS AND LOAN GUARANTEES UNDER THE RAILROAD REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT FINANCING PROGRAM Overview § 260.9 Loan terms. The maximum repayment period for direct loans and guaranteed...

7 CFR 1980.370 - Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Loan servicing. 1980.370 Section 1980.370 Agriculture... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) GENERAL Rural Housing Loans § 1980.370 Loan servicing. RHS encourages Lenders to... sufficient servicing and counseling to meet the objectives of the loan. Loan servicing should be approached...

7 CFR 1779.69 - Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan servicing. 1779.69 Section 1779.69 Agriculture... (CONTINUED) WATER AND WASTE DISPOSAL PROGRAMS GUARANTEED LOANS § 1779.69 Loan servicing. (a) Lender responsibilities. The lender is responsible for servicing the entire loan in accordance with the lender's loan...

An Overview of Macroprudential Policy Tools

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Claessens, S.

2014-01-01

Macroprudential policies - caps on loan to value ratios, limits on credit growth and other balance sheets restrictions, (countercyclical) capital and reserve requirements and surcharges, and Pigouvian levies - have become part of the policy paradigm in emerging markets and advanced countries alike.

7 CFR 1435.101 - Loan rates.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan rates. 1435.101 Section 1435.101 Agriculture... AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS SUGAR PROGRAM Sugar Loan Program § 1435.101 Loan rates. (a) The national average loan rate for raw cane sugar produced from domestically grown sugarcane is: 18...

7 CFR 774.22 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan closing. 774.22 Section 774.22 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS EMERGENCY LOAN FOR SEED PRODUCERS PROGRAM § 774.22 Loan closing. (a) Conditions. The applicant must meet all conditions specified by the loan approval official in the notification of loan...

24 CFR 201.10 - Loan amounts.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Loan amounts. 201.10 Section 201.10... MORTGAGE AND LOAN INSURANCE PROGRAMS UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT AND OTHER AUTHORITIES TITLE I PROPERTY IMPROVEMENT AND MANUFACTURED HOME LOANS Loan and Note Provisions § 201.10 Loan amounts. (a) Property...

7 CFR 771.13 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan closing. 771.13 Section 771.13 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS BOLL WEEVIL ERADICATION LOAN PROGRAM § 771.13 Loan closing. (a) Conditions. The applicant must meet all conditions specified by the loan approval official in the notification of loan approval...

7 CFR 3560.61 - Loan security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan security. 3560.61 Section 3560.61 Agriculture... DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Direct Loan and Grant Origination § 3560.61 Loan security... collateral. (2) The amount of the loan against the collateral does not exceed its estimated security value...

77 FR 66087 - Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education Loan Program, and William D. Ford Federal...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-01

..., and 685 Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education Loan Program, and William D. Ford... 685 RIN 1840-AD05 [Docket ID ED-2012-OPE-0010] Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education... (Perkins Loan) program, Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program, and William D. Ford Federal Direct...

7 CFR 771.5 - Loan purposes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan purposes. 771.5 Section 771.5 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS BOLL WEEVIL ERADICATION LOAN PROGRAM § 771.5 Loan purposes. (a) Loan funds may be used..., travel and office operations; (3) Salaries and benefits. (b) Loan funds may not be used to pay expenses...

7 CFR 1980.310 - Loan purposes.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 14 2010-01-01 2009-01-01 true Loan purposes. 1980.310 Section 1980.310 Agriculture... REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) GENERAL Rural Housing Loans § 1980.310 Loan purposes. The purpose of a loan guaranteed... applicant as a primary residence. The loan may be to purchase a new dwelling or an existing dwelling. The...

5 CFR 1655.21 - Loan fee.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan fee. 1655.21 Section 1655.21 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL RETIREMENT THRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD LOAN PROGRAM § 1655.21 Loan fee. The TSP will charge a participant a $50.00 loan fee when it disburses the loan and will deduct the fee from the...

7 CFR 770.5 - Loan limitations.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan limitations. 770.5 Section 770.5 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS INDIAN TRIBAL LAND ACQUISITION LOANS § 770.5 Loan limitations. (a) Loan funds may not be... title. (b) The amount of loan funds used to acquire land may not exceed the market value of the land...

38 CFR 36.4223 - Interest rate reduction refinancing loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 38 Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Interest rate reduction..., Including Site Preparation General Provisions § 36.4223 Interest rate reduction refinancing loan. (a) A... to reduce the interest rate payable on the Department of Veterans Affairs loan provided the following...

77 FR 42085 - Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education Loan Program, and William D. Ford Federal...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-07-17

... borrower's loans if the borrower receives a disbursement of a new title IV loan or receives a new TEACH... proposed regulations for programs authorized by title IV of the HEA, to obtain public involvement in the...-defaulted Direct Loan, except for a parent Direct PLUS loan or a Direct Consolidation loan that repaid a...

Loan officers' perceptions concerning earth-sheltered housing: risk, complexity, and advantage

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hanzai-Kashi, A; Combs, E R

1984-01-01

The lack of available financing is a major impediment to the construction of earth-sheltered housing. A broad-based study of lending institutions, this study describes the perceptions of loan officers toward earth-sheltered housing and their perception of their institution's lending policies in terms of their concerns. The survey finds that a majority of the loan officers perceive more stringent terms and larger down payments for earth-sheltered housing because of their concerns for financial risk, complexity, and relative advantage. Methods to reduce the risk and complexity and to increase the relative advantage would involve marketing research, certification and warranty programs, secondary mortgages markets, and other techniques. 8 references, 5 tables.

7 CFR 1718.103 - Loan contract provisions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... AGRICULTURE LOAN SECURITY DOCUMENTS FOR ELECTRIC BORROWERS Loan Contracts With Distribution Borrowers § 1718... security for the loan will be reasonably adequate and that the loan will be repaid according to the terms... other provisions as RUS may require to ensure loan repayment and reasonably adequate loan security. ...

Including policy and management in socio-hydrology models: initial conceptualizations

Science.gov (United States)

Hermans, Leon; Korbee, Dorien

2017-04-01

Socio-hydrology studies the interactions in coupled human-water systems. So far, the use of dynamic models that capture the direct feedback between societal and hydrological systems has been dominant. What has not yet been included with any particular emphasis, is the policy or management layer, which is a central element in for instance integrated water resources management (IWRM) or adaptive delta management (ADM). Studying the direct interactions between human-water systems generates knowledges that eventually helps influence these interactions in ways that may ensure better outcomes - for society and for the health and sustainability of water systems. This influence sometimes occurs through spontaneous emergence, uncoordinated by societal agents - private sector, citizens, consumers, water users. However, the term 'management' in IWRM and ADM also implies an additional coordinated attempt through various public actors. This contribution is a call to include the policy and management dimension more prominently into the research focus of the socio-hydrology field, and offers first conceptual variables that should be considered in attempts to include this policy or management layer in socio-hydrology models. This is done by drawing on existing frameworks to study policy processes throughout both planning and implementation phases. These include frameworks such as the advocacy coalition framework, collective learning and policy arrangements, which all emphasis longer-term dynamics and feedbacks between actor coalitions in strategic planning and implementation processes. A case about longter-term dynamics in the management of the Haringvliet in the Netherlands is used to illustrate the paper.

13 CFR 120.331 - What devices or techniques are eligible for a loan?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... BUSINESS LOANS Special Purpose Loans Energy Conservation § 120.331 What devices or techniques are eligible for a loan? Eligible energy conservation devices or techniques include: (a) Solar thermal equipment... heating or production of energy from industrial waste; (f) Hydroelectric power equipment; (g) Wind energy...

25 CFR 103.26 - What must the borrower supply the lender in its loan application?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... cash flow statements; (i) A detailed list of all proposed collateral for the loan, including asset... amount and offer the proposed loan collateral; and (m) If the borrower is a business entity, resolutions... permitting the borrower to borrow the loan amount and offer the proposed loan collateral. ...

Bank Lending Policy, Credit Scoring and Value at Risk

OpenAIRE

Jacobson, Tor; Roszbach, Kasper

1998-01-01

In this paper we apply a bivariate probit model to investigate the implications of bank lending policy. In the first equation we model the bank´s decision to grant a loan, in the second the probability of default. We confirm that banks provide loans in a way that is not consistent with default risk minimization. The lending policy must thus either be inefficient or be the result of some other type of optimizing behavior than expected profit maximization. Value at Risk, being a value weighted ...

Corporate boards and bank loan contracting

OpenAIRE

Francis, Bill; Hasan, Iftekhar; Koetter, Michael; Wu, Qiang

2012-01-01

We investigate the role of corporate boards in bank loan contracting. We find that when corporate boards are more independent, both price and nonprice loan terms (e.g., interest rates, collateral, covenants, and performance-pricing provisions) are more favorable, and syndicated loans comprise more lenders. In addition, board size, audit committee structure, and other board characteristics influence bank loan prices. However, they do not consistently affect all nonprice loan terms except for a...

7 CFR 773.7 - Loan uses.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.7 Loan uses. Loan funds may be used for any of the following purposes related to the production or marketing of apples: (a) Payment of costs associated with..., processing or marketing purposes; or (h) Payment of loan closing costs. ...

77 FR 59346 - Payday-Alternative Loans

Science.gov (United States)

2012-09-27

... NATIONAL CREDIT UNION ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 701 RIN 3133-AE08 Payday-Alternative Loans AGENCY...: The NCUA Board (Board) is currently reviewing its regulation governing payday-alternative loans (PAL... to offer PAL loans, previously referred to as short- term, small amount loans, as an alternative to...

44 CFR 206.371 - Loan program.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan program. 206.371 Section... HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE Community Disaster Loans § 206.371 Loan... Special Community Disaster Loan to any local government which has suffered a substantial loss of tax and...

44 CFR 206.361 - Loan program.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan program. 206.361 Section... HOMELAND SECURITY DISASTER ASSISTANCE FEDERAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE Community Disaster Loans § 206.361 Loan... Community Disaster Loan to any local government which has suffered a substantial loss of tax and other...

5 CFR 1655.12 - Loan agreement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan agreement. 1655.12 Section 1655.12 Administrative Personnel FEDERAL RETIREMENT THRIFT INVESTMENT BOARD LOAN PROGRAM § 1655.12 Loan agreement. (a) Upon determining that a loan application meets the requirements of this part, the TSP record keeper...

7 CFR 1434.18 - Loan repayments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... repayment rate for marketing assistance loans for honey under this part will be in effect on a short-term... AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS NONRECOURSE MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOAN AND LDP REGULATIONS FOR HONEY § 1434.18 Loan repayments. (a) A honey producer may repay a nonrecourse marketing assistance...

A new Loan-Stock Financial Instrument

OpenAIRE

Morozovsky, Alexander; Narasimhan, Rajan; Kholodenko, Yuri

2000-01-01

A new financial instrument (a new kind of a loan) is introduced. The loan-stock instrument (LSI) combines fixed rate instruments (loans, etc.) with other financial instruments that have higher volatilities and returns (stocks, mutual funds, currencies, derivatives, options, etc.). This new loan depends on the value of underlying security (for example, stock) in such a way that when underlying security increases, the value of loan decreases and backwards. The procedure to create a risk free po...

26 CFR 301.7701-13A - Post-1969 domestic building and loan association.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... activities for profit. Thus, for example, an association would meet the investing in loans requirement if it... business consists principally of acquiring the savings of the public and investing in loans. The... acquiring the savings of the public and investing in loans includes ancillary or incidental activities which...

75 FR 38999 - Federal Perkins Loan Program: Federal Family Education Loan Program and William D. Ford Federal...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-07

..., or Direct Loan Program, excluding PLUS loans made under the FFEL and Direct Loan Programs to parents... that repaid a parent PLUS loan. Employee means an individual who, under Federal tax law, is considered... Internal Revenue Code. Involuntary separation due to misconduct means termination from [[Page 39001...

5 CFR 1620.35 - Loan payments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan payments. 1620.35 Section 1620.35... Nonappropriated Fund Employees § 1620.35 Loan payments. NAF instrumentalities must deduct and transmit TSP loan... CFR part 1655 and Board procedures. Loan payments may not be deducted and transmitted for employees...

78 FR 13327 - Request for Information Regarding an Initiative To Promote Student Loan Affordability

Science.gov (United States)

2013-02-27

... loan balances, with even more in delinquency. Federal student loans frequently provide for income-based... the levels of delinquency and default. \\4\\ Department of the Treasury, Office of Financial Research..., including lenders and loan servicers; Nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs...

24 CFR 573.4 - Loan term.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Loan term. 573.4 Section 573.4 Housing and Urban Development Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development (Continued) OFFICE OF... COMMUNITY FACILITIES LOAN GUARANTEE RECOVERY FUND § 573.4 Loan term. The term of the loan to be guaranteed...

14 CFR 1300.15 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan terms. 1300.15 Section 1300.15... DISASTER RELIEF-AIR CARRIER GUARANTEE LOAN PROGRAM Minimum Requirements and Application Procedures § 1300.15 Loan terms. (a) A loan guaranteed under the program shall be due and payable in full no later than...

7 CFR 771.15 - Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan servicing. 771.15 Section 771.15 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS BOLL WEEVIL ERADICATION LOAN PROGRAM § 771.15 Loan servicing. (a) Advances. FSA may make... advances. (b) Payments. Payments will be made to FSA as set forth in loan agreements and debt instruments...

31 CFR 25.400 - Loan provisions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... SALES LOANS MADE BY THE DEFENSE SECURITY ASSISTANCE AGENCY AND FOREIGN MILITARY SALES LOANS MADE BY THE FEDERAL FINANCING BANK AND GUARANTEED BY THE DEFENSE SECURITY ASSISTANCE AGENCY Form of Private Loan § 25... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan provisions. 25.400 Section 25...

7 CFR 764.402 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... SPECIAL PROGRAMS DIRECT LOAN MAKING Loan Decision and Closing § 764.402 Loan closing. (a) Signature... information for the Agency to reconfirm approval and proceed with loan closing. (3) The Agency or closing... account will be used according to subpart B of part 761 of this chapter when these processes are not...

DETERMINANTS OF BUSINESS LOAN DEFAULT IN GHANA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akwaa-Sekyi, Ellis Kofi

2015-05-01

Full Text Available The initiation, funding, servicing and monitoring of loans by financial intermediaries has been done without regard to some critical factors which could have averted the likelihood of default. The study aimed at measuring the extent that owner-specific, borrower-specific, loan and lender-specific characteristics could determine the probability of loan default. The study used logistic regression for 224 business customers of a bank in Ghana from its nation-wide branches. The study found that owner’s extra income (ownership characteristics, multiple borrowing, diversion of loan purpose (borrower characteristics, loan price, loan purpose, loan age, repayment plan (loan characteristics and underfunding (lender characteristics significantly determined the probability of business loan default. The overall model predicted up to 78.5% of variations in the likelihood of default. The hierarchy of strong determinants given by their odd ratios were loan purpose (47.9 times, underfunding (19.2 times, diversion of loan purpose (11.7 times multiple borrowing (9.4 times and owner’s extra income (8.2 times. The study can conclude that financial intermediaries should be wary of the credit granting process taking cognisance of ownership, borrower, loan and lender characteristics especially the significant predictors. Combining quantitative and qualitative variables as determinants of default could be considered in future.

Renewable Energy Policy Fact sheet - Poland

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2017-09-01

The EurObserv'ER policy profiles give a snapshot of the renewable energy policy in the EU Member States. Mid-2016 Poland revamped its national support scheme for electricity from renewable energy sources, started to phase out a certificates-backed renewable electricity quota scheme, and put in place a feed-in tariff/feed-in premium (FiT/FiP) system in place with the support levels being determined by approved tender bids. Furthermore, a fiscal and soft loan instrument is used for supplementary support. Three subsidy instruments and a soft loan instrument are deployed for the promotion of renewable heat. Renewable energy in transport is promoted through a bio-fuels quota scheme

7 CFR 1776.16 - Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan servicing. 1776.16 Section 1776.16 Agriculture... (CONTINUED) HOUSEHOLD WATER WELL SYSTEM GRANT PROGRAM HWWS Loans § 1776.16 Loan servicing. (a) If RUS determines that HWWS loans may be serviced by CSC, then the grant recipient will enter into an agreement with...

7 CFR 1927.56 - Scheduling loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS TITLE CLEARANCE AND LOAN CLOSING Real Estate Title Clearance and Loan Closing § 1927.56 Scheduling loan closing. The agency, in coordination with the closing agent, will arrange a loan closing and send loan closing instructions, on an agency form to the closing agent when the agency determines that the...

42 CFR 57.1510 - Security for loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Security for loans. 57.1510 Section 57.1510 Public... Security for loans. Each loan with respect to which a guarantee is made or interest subsidies are paid... TEACHING FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOANS Loan Guarantees and Interest...

7 CFR 1427.170 - Quantity for loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... to the preservation or safety of the loan collateral. Loans may be made on a lower percentage basis... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Quantity for loan. 1427.170 Section 1427.170... OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS COTTON Recourse Seed Cotton Loans § 1427.170...

12 CFR Appendix A to Part 365 - Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... integral part of many institutions' business plans and, when undertaken in a prudent manner, will not be... the formulation of its loan policies and strategic plan. Factors that should be considered include... institution's board of directors. (See additional reporting requirements described under “Exceptions to the...

7 CFR 1735.46 - Loan security documents.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan security documents. 1735.46 Section 1735.46... § 1735.46 Loan security documents. (a) Loans are to be repaid according to their terms. RUS generally... subordinations. (b) Loan security documents of borrowers with loans approved after October 6, 1997 will provide...

24 CFR 1007.35 - Loan terms.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Loan terms. 1007.35 Section 1007.35... LOAN GUARANTEES FOR NATIVE HAWAIIAN HOUSING § 1007.35 Loan terms. To be eligible for guarantee under this part, the loan shall: (a) Be made for a term not exceeding 30 years; (b) Bear interest (exclusive...

Guide to Direct Consolidation Loans.

Science.gov (United States)

Department of Education, Washington, DC.

Intended for financial aid counselors, this document provides guidelines to the Federal Direct Consolidation Loan Program for borrowers who are in school, as well as those in repayment, or in default. An introductory section explains the basics of the consolidated loan program, loan categories, and interest rates. Next, standards for borrower…

12 CFR 918.2 - Annual directors' compensation policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... § 918.3. At a minimum, such policy shall address the activities or functions for which attendance is... 12 Banks and Banking 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Annual directors' compensation policy. 918.2... HOME LOAN BANKS BANK DIRECTOR COMPENSATION AND EXPENSES § 918.2 Annual directors' compensation policy...

Credit reporting, relationship banking, and loan repayment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tahereh Shirzad Kebria

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an empirical investigation to determine factors influencing on loan repayment in one of Iranian banks named Sepah Bank over the period 2012-2013. The study selects a sample of 290 bank’s customers who received loans and, using logistic regression technique, tries to find whether or not qualitative as well as quantitative characteristics of loan receivers influence on repayment of loans. The results indicate that history of outstanding debt as well as customers’ past experiences with banks had meaningful relationships with having bad credit and non-payment of loans. In our survey, having a bad credit in the past had positive relationship with non-payment of loans but long-term customers had negative relationship with non-payment of loans. In addition, working capital turnover ratio, cash ratio, total liabilities, current assets and loan value had significant impact on non-repayment of the loan facilities.

APPLICATION OF LOANS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS IN KOSOVO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rexhepi Shaqir

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Studies on the functioning of loan management models in banking institutions are of special significance for the ascertainment of efficient credit disbursement modalities and policies, with the aim of ensuring strategic and financial development. In their monetary programs, banks among other make assumptions on the increase of the demand for cash from loans for their respective economies and businesses. Supporting the economy through loans represents one of the main tasks of any banking system, and this is especially applicable in countries with specifics similar to our country. During the last half of the previous decade, the structure of deposits in the banking system underwent severe changes, which were generally in function of the country\\'s development, but also assisted in the development of the banking system itself. The overall tendency of the deposits in the banking system was positive, and charts and series matrixes show their ever growing tendencies. However, the vulnerability and problems of the first decade after the establishment of any banking system are reflected in crises and problems noted in the structure and level of deposits of such banking systems, which in the case of Kosovo was further reflected in external and internal factors affecting loans and their overall default.

24 CFR 200.25 - Supplemental loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... DEVELOPMENT GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO FHA PROGRAMS Requirements for Application, Commitment, and Endorsement... loans. A loan, advance of credit or purchase of an obligation representing a loan or advance of credit...

76 FR 30904 - Rural Utilities Service Telecommunications Loan and Loan Guarantee Program

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-27

..., this new approach will give our customers increased flexibility to find and deploy technology that... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Rural Utilities Service Rural Utilities Service Telecommunications Loan and Loan Guarantee Program AGENCY: Rural Utilities Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice of elimination of the...

Monetary policy, bank size and bank lending: evidence from Australia(new version)

OpenAIRE

liu, luke

2012-01-01

This study explores how monetary policy changes flow through the banking sector in Australia. Drawing on data between 2004 and 2010, we divide banks into three groups according to their size, and examine the impact of cash rate change on lending of different types of loans. We found the response of bank lending after a monetary policy change varies with the size of the bank as well as the types of loan.

27 CFR 6.61 - Guaranteeing loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... OF THE TREASURY LIQUORS âTIED-HOUSEâ Unlawful Inducements Guaranteeing Loans § 6.61 Guaranteeing loans. The act by an industry member of guaranteeing any loan or the repayment of any financial...

Measuring energy-saving retrofits: Experiences from the Texas LoanSTAR program

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haberl, J.S.; Reddy, T.A.; Claridge, D.E.; Turner, W.D.; O`Neal, D.L.; Heffington, W.M. [Texas A and M Univ., College Station, TX (United States). Energy Systems Lab.

1996-02-01

In 1988 the Governor`s Energy Management Center of Texas received approval from the US Department of Energy to establish a $98.6 million state-wide retrofit demonstration revolving loan program to fund energy-conserving retrofits in state, public school, and local government buildings. As part of this program, a first-of-its-kind, statewide Monitoring and Analysis Program (MAP) was established to verify energy and dollar savings of the retrofits, reduce energy costs by identifying operational and maintenance improvements, improve retrofit selection in future rounds of the LoanSTAR program, and initiate a data base of energy use in institutional and commercial buildings located in Texas. This report discusses the LoanSTAR MAP with an emphasis on the process of acquiring and analyzing data to measure savings from energy conservation retrofits when budgets are a constraint. This report includes a discussion of the program structure, basic measurement techniques, data archiving and handling, data reporting and analysis, and includes selected examples from LoanSTAR agencies. A summary of the program results for the first two years of monitoring is also included.

Private Loans: Facts and Trends

Science.gov (United States)

Institute for College Access & Success, 2014

2014-01-01

Private loans are one of the riskiest ways to finance a college education. Like credit cards, they typically have variable interest rates. Both variable and fixed rates are higher for those who can least afford them--as high as 13% in June 2014. Private loans are not eligible for the important deferment, income-based repayment, or loan forgiveness…

78 FR 691 - Maximum Loan Amount for Business and Industry Guaranteed Loans in Fiscal Year 2013

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-04

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Rural Business-Cooperative Service Maximum Loan Amount for Business and Industry Guaranteed Loans in Fiscal Year 2013 AGENCY: Rural Business-Cooperative Service, USDA. ACTION... and Industry (B&I) guaranteed loans of $25 million or less under certain circumstances. Due to the...

7 CFR 3560.612 - Loan limits.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS On-Farm Labor Housing § 3560.612 Loan limits. The maximum loan amount will be 100 percent of the allowable total development costs of on-farm labor housing and...

What Drives Bank Lending in Domestic and Foreign Currency Loans in a Small Open Transition Economy with Fixed Exchange Rate? The Case of Macedonia

OpenAIRE

Jane Bogoev

2011-01-01

This paper investigates two different bank loan supply functions and their determinants according to the currency of bank loans in the Republic of Macedonia. There is robust statistical evidence in favour of the existence of a bank lending channel through foreign currency loans and the foreign reference interest rate. This suggests that the impact of domestic monetary policy over the bank lending channel is limited. The most significant bank-specific characteristic for the foreign currency lo...

75 FR 14331 - Disaster Assistance Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2010-03-25

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 13 CFR Part 123 RIN 3245-AF98 Disaster Assistance Loan Program...-term disaster loans to homeowners, renters, businesses, and non-profit organizations that have been... to disaster victims by raising the statutory loan limit for loans to businesses, increasing the...

12 CFR 561.30 - Nonresidential construction loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... REGULATIONS AFFECTING ALL SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS § 561.30 Nonresidential construction loan. The term nonresidential construction loan means a loan for construction of other than one or more dwelling units. ... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Nonresidential construction loan. 561.30...

76 FR 5131 - Solicitation of Nomination of Veterinary Shortage Situations for the Veterinary Medicine Loan...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-01-28

... Science; National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture; STOP 2220; 1400... and State Allocation Method 4. State Allocation of Nominations 5. FY 2011 Shortage Situation..., Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1997 (NARETPA). This law established a new Veterinary Medicine Loan...

Gender and banking : Are women better loan officers?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Beck, T.H.L.; Behr, P.; Guttler, A.

2013-01-01

Using a unique data set for a commercial bank in Albania, we analyze gender differences in loan officers’ performance. Loans screened and monitored by female loan officers have a lower likelihood to turn problematic than loans handled by male loan officers. This effect cannot be explained by

HUD PowerSaver Pilot Loan Program

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zimring, Mark [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Hoffman, Ian [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

2010-12-10

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) recently announced the creation of a pilot loan program for home energy improvements. The PowerSaver loan program is a new, energy-focused variant of the Title I Property Improvement Loan Insurance Program (Title I Program) and is planned for introduction in early 2011. The PowerSaver pilot will provide lender insurance for secured and unsecured loans up to $25,000 to single family homeowners. These loans will specifically target residential energy efficiency and renewable energy improvements. HUD estimates the two-year pilot will fund approximately 24,000 loans worth up to $300 million; the program is not capped. The Federal Housing Administration (FHA), HUD's mortgage insurance unit, will provide up to $25 million in grants as incentives to participating lenders. FHA is seeking lenders in communities with existing programs for promoting residential energy upgrades.

13 CFR 120.400 - Loan Guarantee Agreements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan Guarantee Agreements. 120.400 Section 120.400 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Lenders § 120... specific proposed loan that a Lender may submit. The existence of a Loan Guarantee Agreement does not limit...

78 FR 36189 - Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Savings and Loan Holding Companies

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-17

... FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM Formations of, Acquisitions by, and Mergers of Savings and Loan Holding... CFR part 239), and all other applicable statutes and regulations to become a savings and loan holding... savings association and nonbanking companies owned by the savings and loan holding company, including the...

7 CFR 1737.60 - Telephone loan budget.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Telephone loan budget. 1737.60 Section 1737.60... Cost Estimation Procedures § 1737.60 Telephone loan budget. (a) RUS shall prepare a “Telephone Loan Budget” (RUS Form 493) showing all costs for the proposed project and the amount of loan and nonloan...

Bank Consolidation and Consumer Loan Interest Rates

OpenAIRE

Charles Kahn; George Pennacchi; Ben Sopranzetti

2001-01-01

The recent wave of bank mergers has raised concern with its effect on competition. This paper examines the influence of concentration and merger activity on consumer loan interest rates. It uses Bank Rate Monitor, Inc. survey data on loan rates quoted weekly by large commercial banks in ten major U.S. cities during the 1989 to 1997 period. The pricing behavior of banks is analyzed for two types of loans: new automobile loans and unsecured personal loans. Market concentration is found to have ...

Managing Student Loan Default Risk: Evidence from a Privately Guaranteed Portfolio.

Science.gov (United States)

Monteverde, Kirk

2000-01-01

Application of the statistical techniques of survival analysis and credit scoring to private education loans extended to law students found a pronounced seasoning effect for such loans and the robust predictive power of credit bureau scoring of borrowers. Other predictors of default included school-of-attendance, school's geographic location, and…

24 CFR 201.40 - Post-disbursement loan requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

...-disbursement loan requirements. (a) Discovery of misstatements of fact. If, after a loan has been made, the lender discovers any material misstatement of fact or that the loan proceeds have been misused by the... insurance of the loan shall not be affected unless such material misstatement of fact or misuse of loan...

24 CFR 1007.30 - Security for loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Security for loan. 1007.30 Section... SECTION 184A LOAN GUARANTEES FOR NATIVE HAWAIIAN HOUSING § 1007.30 Security for loan. (a) In general. A... Lands is used as collateral or security for the loan, the following additional provisions apply: (1...

Economic Loan Loss Provision and Expected Loss

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefan Hlawatsch

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The intention of a loan loss provision is the anticipation of the loan's expected losses by adjusting the book value of the loan. Furthermore, this loan loss provision has to be compared to the expected loss according to Basel II and, in the case of a difference, liable equity has to be adjusted. This however assumes that the loan loss provision and the expected loss are based on a similar economic rationale, which is only valid conditionally in current loan loss provisioning methods according to IFRS. Therefore, differences between loan loss provisions and expected losses should only result from different approaches regarding the parameter estimation within each model and not due to different assumptions regarding the outcome of the model. The provisioning and accounting model developed in this paper overcomes the before-mentioned shortcomings and is consistent with an economic rationale of expected losses. Additionally, this model is based on a close-to-market valuation of the loan that is in favor of the basic idea of IFRS. Suggestions for changes in current accounting and capital requirement rules are provided.

Analysis of Third Party Loan Guarantee and Performance of Non-Prime Household Loans in Microfinance Banks in Kenya

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard Ndirangu Wachira

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Household loans remain the engine to productivity and economic growth globally. Non-prime household loan is essential, because it enables the borrowers with no collateral to access credit from Microfinance Banks. The survival and sustainability of non-prime household loans globally is therefore significant. Credit risk however remains the main deterrent of the soundness of Microfinance Banks. This leads to the poor performance of microfinance institutions in many economies in the world. Several countries globally are making inroad in reducing the credit risks, which lead to the poor performance of Microfinance Banks. It is still unknown why the credit risk affects the performance of non-prime household loans in the Microfinance Banks domiciled in Kenya. The reason for conducting this study is to determine the level at which the third party loan guarantee and the performance of non-prime household loans relate to the Microfinance Banks in Kenya. Particularly, this study is to determine how the amount secured by guarantee, recoveries from guarantors, percentage of loan secured, and percentage recoveries from guarantors relate to the performance of nonprime household loans in the Microfinance Banks in Kenya. The population was 516 senior management employees of the banks. The researcher conducted a multiple regression analysis for determining the relationship between the amount secured by guarantee—recoveries from guarantors, percentage granted, and percentage recoveries—and the performance of non-prime household loans. The R and R2 were used for determining the strength of the relationship and the coefficient of determination at 0.05 level of significance of variables. The result of this study reveals that there exists a strong relationship between the dependent and independent variables, thereby contradicting the null hypothesis, which states that the relationship does not exist. The percentage of the recoveries from the guarantors over the

Gender and Banking: Are Women Better Loan Officers?

OpenAIRE

Thorsten Beck; Patrick Behr; Andre Guettler

2013-01-01

We analyze gender differences associated with loan officer performance. Using a unique data set for a commercial bank in Albania over the period 1996 to 2006, we find that loans screened and monitored by female loan officers show statistically and economically significant lower default rates than loans handled by male loan officers. This effect comes in addition to a lower default rate of female borrowers and cannot be explained by sample selection, overconfidence of male loan officers or exp...

7 CFR 1436.8 - Security for loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Security for loan. 1436.8 Section 1436.8 Agriculture... Security for loan. (a) Except as agreed to by CCC, all loans must be secured by a promissory note and... prior lien holders. (2) A loan will be considered to be adequately secured when the real estate security...

49 CFR 22.57 - Loan reporting requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... indicates the date in which the loan has been activated/funded. The form is available at http://www.osdbu... repayment of the STLP loan, or upon expiration of the loan guarantee. The form is available at http://www... Report and form DOT F 2305-1 Guaranty Loan Status Report. These forms are available at http://www.osdbu...

13 CFR 120.546 - Loan asset sales.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan asset sales. 120.546 Section....546 Loan asset sales. (a) General. Loan asset sales are governed by § 120.545(b)(4) and by this... consented to SBA's sale of the loan (guaranteed and unguaranteed portions) in an asset sale conducted or...

7 CFR 771.14 - Loan monitoring.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan monitoring. 771.14 Section 771.14 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS BOLL WEEVIL ERADICATION LOAN PROGRAM § 771.14 Loan monitoring. (a) Annual and periodic... any potential problems or concerns. (b) Performance monitoring. At any time FSA determines it...

Race and Subprime Loan Pricing

OpenAIRE

Hernandez, Ruben; Owyang, Michael; Ghent, Andra

2011-01-01

In this paper we investigate whether race and ethnicity influenced subprime loan pricing during 2005, the peak of the subprime mortgage expansion. We combine loan-level data on the performance of non-prime securitized mortgages with individual- and neighborhood-level data on racial and ethnic characteristics for metropolitan areas in California and Florida. Using a model of rate determination that accounts for predicted loan performance, we evaluate the presence of disparate impact and dispar...

7 CFR 1744.63 - The telephone loan budget.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false The telephone loan budget. 1744.63 Section 1744.63... Disbursement of Funds § 1744.63 The telephone loan budget. When the loan is made, RUS provides the borrower a Telephone Loan Budget, RUS Form 493. This budget divides the loan into budget accounts such as “Engineering...

7 CFR 3560.72 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Direct Loan and Grant Origination § 3560.72 Loan closing. (a... all cases, the borrower must: (1) Provide evidence that an Agency-approved accounting system is in... cost of the work performed in connection with the construction contract in accordance with 7 CFR part...

29 CFR 4043.67 - Loan default.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan default. 4043.67 Section 4043.67 Labor Regulations... CERTAIN OTHER NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS Advance Notice of Reportable Events § 4043.67 Loan default. (a) Reportable event and information required. Advance notice is required for a loan default, as described in...

7 CFR 761.8 - Loan Limitations.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan Limitations. 761.8 Section 761.8 Agriculture... SPECIAL PROGRAMS GENERAL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION General Provisions § 761.8 Loan Limitations. (a) Dollar... cannot exceed any of the following at the time of loan closing or assumption of indebtedness. If the...

7 CFR 1951.885 - Loan classifications.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... classifications is of obvious importance. However, the function of the Substandard classification is to indicate... seasoned loan, a loan must: (1) Have a remaining principal loan balance of two-thirds or less of the... intermediary's operation or an imbalanced position in the balance sheet which has not reached a point that...

7 CFR 1435.104 - Loan maintenance.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... quality and quantity as collateral to satisfy the processor's loan indebtedness to CCC. CCC shall not assume any loss in quantity or quality of the loan collateral. (2) The processor is responsible for... and in-process sugar pledged as loan collateral need not be stored identity preserved. (4) When the...

7 CFR 3560.63 - Loan limits.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Direct Loan and Grant Origination § 3560.63 Loan limits. (a... Agency will analyze Federal Government and other assistance provided to any MFH project to establish the... differently in a Memorandum of Understanding between the Agency and the state agency that allocates low-income...

Federal Student Loan Amounts and Terms for Loans Issued in 2016-17

Science.gov (United States)

Project on Student Debt, 2016

2016-01-01

U.S. citizens or permanent residents, enrolled at least half time in a qualified program at a participating school, not in default on a prior federal student loan, and not previously convicted of a drug offense while receiving federal financial aid are eligible to apply for a student loan. The chart presented in this report summarizes the interest…

Geothermal Exploration Policy Mechanisms: Lessons for the United States from International Applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Speer, Bethany [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Economy, Ryan [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Lowder, Travis [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Schwabe, Paul [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); Regenthal, Scott [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2014-05-01

This report focuses on five of the policy types that are most relevant to the U.S. market and political context for the exploration and confirmation of conventional hydrothermal (geothermal) resources in the United States: (1) drilling failure insurance, (2) loan guarantees, (3) subsidized loans, (4) capital subsidies, and (5) government-led exploration. It describes each policy type and its application in other countries and regions. It offers policymakers a guide for drafting future geothermal support mechanisms for the exploration-drilling phase of geothermal development.

76 FR 68126 - Solicitation of Input From Stakeholders Regarding the Veterinary Medicine Loan Repayment Program...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-11-03

...: Paper, disk or CD-ROM submissions should be submitted to VMLRP, Policy and Oversight Division, National... a veterinarian's student loan debt per year if the veterinarian commits to at least three years to... passed into law adding section 1415A to the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching...

Evaluation Of Loan Disbursement And Repayment Of Supervised ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Evaluation Of Loan Disbursement And Repayment Of Supervised Credit ... bank as regard to loan supervision was scored low as a result of low rate of loan recovery, ... strategy to recover outstanding debts and reduce interest charge on loans.

76 FR 35461 - Notice of Single Family Loan Sales (SFLS 2011-2)

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-17

... will be included in the due diligence materials made available to qualified bidders. The Mortgage Loans... not subject to negotiation. Due Diligence Review The BIP will describe how qualified bidders may access the due diligence materials remotely via a high-speed Internet connection. Mortgage Loan Sale...

34 CFR 674.50 - Assignment of defaulted loans to the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL PERKINS LOAN PROGRAM Due Diligence... to collect on the loan despite complying with the diligence procedures, including at least a first... all of the due diligence requirements described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section if the institution...

NON-PERFORMING LOANS DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ILIE RĂSCOLEAN

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Bad loans are essentially loans with arrears of 90 days or more, and the criterion of 90 days is the most common practice in different countries to determine indicators on the bad in lending. Credit risk is one of the most important financial risks facing the banking system is assumed by all credit institutions and may cause serious problems so that bank and the whole system if risk exposure is substantial. From this point of view, the most important function of bank management is to control the quality of the loan portfolio. This is because the poor quality of loans is the leading cause of bankruptcy. In accordance with the central bank, credit institutions are obliged to protect the bank's capital and the deposits of individuals and legal entities and to cover any loans that present uncertainties in recovery, to determine and utilize prudential value adjustments. The central bank aims NPL development using aggregated indicators on credit institutions. Conclusions are presented on developments and trends in non-performing loans in the portfolio of credit institutions in Romania.

75 FR 24497 - Short-Term, Small Amount Loans

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-05

... reporting their members' payment histories with STS loans to the credit bureaus. Members who successfully... not include fees for unanticipated late payments, defaults, delinquencies, or similar occurrences. As...

7 CFR 1421.104 - Marketing assistance loan making.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... cost for terminating the financing statement for marketing assistance loans disbursed under paragraph... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Marketing assistance loan making. 1421.104 Section... COMMODITIES-MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOANS AND LOAN DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS FOR 2008 THROUGH 2012 Marketing Assistance...

Loan and nonloan flows in the Australian interbank network

Science.gov (United States)

Sokolov, Andrey; Webster, Rachel; Melatos, Andrew; Kieu, Tien

2012-05-01

High-value transactions between banks in Australia are settled in the Reserve Bank Information and Transfer System (RITS) administered by the Reserve Bank of Australia. RITS operates on a real-time gross settlement (RTGS) basis and settles payments and transfers sourced from the SWIFT payment delivery system, the Austraclear securities settlement system, and the interbank transactions entered directly into RITS. In this paper, we analyse a dataset received from the Reserve Bank of Australia that includes all interbank transactions settled in RITS on an RTGS basis during five consecutive weekdays from 19 February 2007 inclusive, a week of relatively quiescent market conditions. The source, destination, and value of each transaction are known, which allows us to separate overnight loans from other transactions (nonloans) and reconstruct monetary flows between banks for every day in our sample. We conduct a novel analysis of the flow stability and examine the connection between loan and nonloan flows. Our aim is to understand the underlying causal mechanism connecting loan and nonloan flows. We find that the imbalances in the banks' exchange settlement funds resulting from the daily flows of nonloan transactions are almost exactly counterbalanced by the flows of overnight loans. The correlation coefficient between loan and nonloan imbalances is about -0.9 on most days. Some flows that persist over two consecutive days can be highly variable, but overall the flows are moderately stable in value. The nonloan network is characterised by a large fraction of persistent flows, whereas only half of the flows persist over any two consecutive days in the loan network. Moreover, we observe an unusual degree of coherence between persistent loan flow values on Tuesday and Wednesday. We probe static topological properties of the Australian interbank network and find them consistent with those observed in other countries.

Uranium loans: Delaying the day of reckoning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1993-01-01

Spot market volume so far this year, by NUKEM's estimates, comes to just under 11 million lbs. It appears that existing loans are either being extended, or paid back with material borrowed from other sources. Therefore, there has been no significant amount of purchases on the spot market to pay back borrowed uranium. How do we know the loans have not been paid back with spot purchases? For one thing, the amount of uranium loans outstanding has increased. According to our current survey, there may now be as much as 32 million lbs U3O8 equivalent in outstanding loans. At current prices, it's cheaper to borrow than to buy uranium. So borrowers are gambling that prices will remain low for some time, allowing them to delay repayment of the loans. Borrowers then, in essence, are delaying the day of reckoning on these loans. How long they can do so is anyone's guess. As long as uranium is in abundance and utilities remain willing to lend it out, loan activity will likely remain at or near current levels. But when supplies tighten and the market swings in a more positive direction, borrowers may get caught scrambling to repay their loans as quickly as possible

7 CFR 1421.113 - Recourse marketing assistance loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... assistance loan collateral may not be delivered or forfeited to CCC in satisfaction of the loan indebtedness... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Recourse marketing assistance loans. 1421.113 Section... CORPORATION, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS GRAINS AND SIMILARLY HANDLED...

The Parent Loan Trap

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Marian; Supiano, Beckie; Fuller, Andrea

2012-01-01

As the cost of college has spiraled ever upward and median family income has fallen, the loan program, called Parent PLUS, has become indispensable for increasing numbers of parents desperate to make their children's college plans work. Last year the government disbursed $10.6-billion in Parent PLUS loans to just under a million families. Even…

25 CFR 103.37 - What must the lender do to collect payment under its loan guaranty certificate or loan insurance...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... collateral securing the loan under § 103.36(d)(2), and has a residual loss after doing so, it must send BIA... principal collateral securing the loan; or (iii) One hundred eighty calendar days after the date of the default. (b) For insured loans, after liquidating all loan collateral, the lender must submit a claim for...

24 CFR 201.51 - Proceeding against the loan security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

....51 Proceeding against the loan security. (a) Property improvement loans. (1) After acceleration of maturity on a secured property improvement loan, the lender may either proceed against the loan security... proceeds against the loan security, it may submit an insurance claim only if it complies with the...

7 CFR 1427.23 - Cotton loan deficiency payments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS, PURCHASES, AND OTHER OPERATIONS COTTON Nonrecourse Cotton Loan and Loan... intentions to receive a loan deficiency payment on the identified commodity or (ii) A completed request for a... cotton based on a locked-in adjusted world price, provide identifying numbers for modules or other...

7 CFR 1718.104 - Availability of model loan contract.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOAN SECURITY DOCUMENTS FOR ELECTRIC BORROWERS Loan Contracts With Distribution Borrowers § 1718.104 Availability of model loan contract. Single copies of the model loan contract (RUS... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Availability of model loan contract. 1718.104 Section...

Contribution of Macroprudensial Policy of Central Bank On Microprudensial Islamic Banking

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riduwan Riduwan

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research will be to answer the contribution of the macroprudential policy of Central Bank to the microprudential of islamic banking during the period of January 2008 - February 2016. The method used by quantitative analysis with panel data regression to be able to describe macroprudential policy contribution to FDR of islamic banking in Indonesia. Macroprudential policy instruments use Loan-to-Value Ratio (LTR, Statutory Reserves (GWM based on Loan-to-Funding Ratio (LFR and Countercyclical Capital Buffer (CCB. The islamic bankingmicroprudential instrument used is Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR. The result shows that macroprudential policy contribution through LTV instrument to FDR has negative and significant influence. Statutory Reserves based on LFR on FDR have a positive and significant influence and CCB on FDR of Indonesia’s islamic banking shows negative and significant influence.

7 CFR 764.51 - Loan application.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... to make a determination on the loan application. (e) The applicant need not submit any information... ordering a credit report on the applicant; (12) Verification of all debts; (13) Any additional information...-Doc OL request, the applicant must: (1) Be current on all payments to all creditors including the...

7 CFR 772.14 - Reamortization of AMP loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Reamortization of AMP loans. 772.14 Section 772.14... AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS SERVICING MINOR PROGRAM LOANS § 772.14 Reamortization of AMP loans. The Agency may approve reamortization of AMP loans provided: (a) There is no extension of the final maturity date...

24 CFR 510.1 - Multi-family property loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... any partnership which is a borrower on a section 312 loan shall be personally liable for repayment of the section 312 loan. Limited partners shall assume personal liability by co-signing the loan note as... not relieve the partnership or corporate borrower from securing the section 312 loan by a mortgage or...

Rules versus discretion in loan rate setting

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cerqueiro, G.M.; Degryse, H.A.; Ongena, S.

2011-01-01

Loan rates for seemingly identical borrowers often exhibit substantial dispersion. This paper investigates the determinants of the dispersion in interest rates on loans granted by banks to small and medium sized enterprises. We associate this dispersion with the loan officers’ use of “discretion” in

26 CFR 1.592-1 - Repayment of certain loans by mutual savings banks, building and loan associations, and...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Repayment of certain loans by mutual savings banks, building and loan associations, and cooperative banks. 1.592-1 Section 1.592-1 Internal Revenue... (CONTINUED) Mutual Savings Banks, Etc. § 1.592-1 Repayment of certain loans by mutual savings banks, building...

Real Estate Bubble Bursts and Government Policy during Crisis: Examples of Estonia, Ireland and Sweden

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Urmas Varblane

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of current article is to view previous experience with real estate crises and taking into account such experience find suitable policy reactions to overcome the current Estonian crisis as smoothly as possible. Beside overall theoretical guidelines for overcoming the crisis, examples of Sweden and Ireland are viewed. The policy issues suggested for Estonia include some changes in tax laws, avoiding expansionary fiscal policy, making lending stricter and borrower responsible to higher extent, cooperation of different authorities to tackle problem of bad loans, initiating wage and price cut, paying more attention to exporting sector

13 CFR 120.315 - Interest rate and loan limit.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interest rate and loan limit. 120... Special Purpose Loans Disabled Assistance Loan Program (dal) § 120.315 Interest rate and loan limit. The interest rate on direct DAL loans is three percent. There is an administrative limit of $150,000 on a...

42 CFR 57.213a - Loan cancellation reimbursement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan cancellation reimbursement. 57.213a Section 57... Professions Student Loans § 57.213a Loan cancellation reimbursement. (a) For loans made prior to October 22... credited to this insurance fund), and used only to reimburse the school for the institutional share of any...

29 CFR 2550.408b-3 - Loans to Employee Stock Ownership Plans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... standard loan amortization tables. The third rule is that subdivision (2) is not applicable from the time... $750,000 from a bank. X guarantees the loan which is for 15 years at 5% interest and is payable in..., including the terms of the employer's articles of incorporation, unless so required by applicable state law...

Collateralised loan obligations (CLOs): A primer

OpenAIRE

Jobst, Andreas A.

2002-01-01

The following descriptive paper surveys the various types of loan securitisation and provides a working definition of so-called collateralised loan obligations (CLOs). Free of the common rhetoric and slogans, which sometimes substitute for understanding of the complex nature of structured finance, this paper describes the theoretical foundations of this specialised form of loan securitisation. Not only the distinctive properties of CLOs, but also the information economics inherent in the tran...

Solar Mosaic Inc. Mosaic Home Solar Loan SunShot 9 Final Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Walsh, Colin James [Solar Mosaic Inc., Oakland, CA (United States)

2017-02-09

The 6686 Mosaic SunShot award has helped Solar Mosaic Inc to progress from an early stage startup focused on commercial crowdfunding to a leading multi-state residential solar lender. The software platform is now used by the majority of the nation's top solar installers and offers a variety of simple home solar loans. Mosaic is has originated approximately $1Bil in solar loans to date to put solar on over 35k rooftops. The company now lends to homeowners with a wide range of credit scores across multiple states and mitigates boundaries preventing them from profiting from ownership of a home solar system. The project included milestones in 5 main categories: 1. Lending to homeowners outside of CA 2. Lending to homeowners with FICO scores under 700 3. Packaging O&M with the home solar loan 4. Allowing residential installers to process home solar loans via API 5. Lowering customer acquisition costs below $1500 This report includes a detailed review of the final results achieved and key findings.

Southeast Regional Clean Energy Policy Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McLaren, Joyce [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2011-04-01

More than half of the electricity produced in the southeastern states is fuelled by coal. Although the region produces some coal, most of the states depend heavily on coal imports. Many of the region's aging coal power facilities are planned for retirement within the next 20 years. However, estimates indicate that a 20% increase in capacity is needed over that time to meet the rapidly growing demand. The most common incentives for energy efficiency in the Southeast are loans and rebates; however, total public spending on energy efficiency is limited. The most common state-level policies to support renewable energy development are personal and corporate tax incentives and loans. The region produced 1.8% of the electricity from renewable resources other than conventional hydroelectricity in 2009, half of the national average. There is significant potential for development of a biomass market in the region, as well as use of local wind, solar, methane-to-energy, small hydro, and combined heat and power resources. Options are offered for expanding and strengthening state-level policies such as decoupling, integrated resource planning, building codes, net metering, and interconnection standards to support further clean energy development. Benefits would include energy security, job creation, insurance against price fluctuations, increased value of marginal lands, and local and global environmental paybacks.

12 CFR 32.7 - Residential real estate loans, small business loans, and small farm loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... concerns about credit quality, undue concentrations in the bank's portfolio of residential real estate, small business, or small farm loans, or concerns about the bank's overall credit risk management systems...

7 CFR 1703.112 - Expedited telecommunications loans

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Expedited telecommunications loans 1703.112 Section... § 1703.112 Expedited telecommunications loans RUS will expedite consideration and determination of an application submitted by an RUS telecommunications borrower for a loan under the Act or an advance of such...

Exit Counseling Guide for Federal Student Loan Borrowers

Science.gov (United States)

Federal Student Aid, US Department of Education, 2010

2010-01-01

Student loans, unlike grants and work-study, are borrowed money that must be repaid, with interest, just like car loans and home mortgages. You cannot have these loans canceled because you didn't like the education you received, didn't get a job in your field of study or because you're having financial difficulty. Loans are legal obligations that…

Cumulative Student Loan Debt in Minnesota, 2015

Science.gov (United States)

Williams-Wyche, Shaun

2016-01-01

To better understand student debt in Minnesota, the Minnesota Office of Higher Education (the Office) gathers information on cumulative student loan debt from Minnesota degree-granting institutions. These data detail the number of students with loans by institution, the cumulative student loan debt incurred at that institution, and the percentage…

DIVIDEND POLICY IN SAUDI ARABIA

OpenAIRE

Dialdin Osman; Elsaudi Mohammed

2010-01-01

We examine dividend policy in a unique environment in Saudi Arabia, where (1) firms distribute almost 100% of their profits in dividends, (2) firms are highly levered mainly through bank loans, and (3) there are no income or capital gains taxes. Some common factors that affect dividend policy of both financial and non-financial firms, we found some factors that affect only non-financial firms. In particular, the common factors are profitability, size, and business risk. Government ownership, ...

Credit Derivatives and Loan Pricing

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Norden, L.; Wagner, W.B.

2007-01-01

This paper examines the relationship between the new markets for credit default swaps (CDS) and the pricing of syndicated loans to U.S. corporates. We find that changes in CDS spreads have a significantly positive coefficient and explain about 25% of subsequent monthly changes in aggregate loan

Californium loan programme

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1974-01-01

The offer of the United States to loan Californium-252 sources to the IAEA was made by Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, then chairman of the USAEC, in his opening statement at the 15th. General Conference of the IAEA held in Vienna in 1971. The purpose of this loan was to make neutron emitting sources available to universities in the Member States for use in educational programmes. The sources, in the form of small needles designed for medical use in radiation therapy, were judged highly suitable for didactic applications due to their small size, limited activity and well documented radiological parameters. Subsequently, in May 1973, the Director General announced the availability of the Californium sources to the Member States. To date, numerous sources have been loaned to universities in Czechoslovakia, Costa Rica, the Federal Republic of Germany, Ghana, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, South Africa, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Uruguay; additional applications for loans are being processed. It is anticipated that the loan programme will be terminated in 1975 once all the available sources have been distributed. n order to provide guidance for the Member States on the safe exploitation of these sources, a prototype use and storage facility was designed by IAEA staff of the Dosimetry Section of the Division of Life Sciences, and constructed at the IAEA laboratory in Seibersdorf, Austria. Figures 2-5 illustrate some of the details of this container, which is being given to the Ghana Nuclear Centre in support of a training programme for students at the university in Accra. Further advice to users of these sources will be provided by the publication of an instructional syllabus, a laboratory manual for experiments and the safety precautions inherent in the proper handling of neutron emitting radionuclides, authored by Professors Erich J. Hall and Harald H. Rossi of Columbia University. The syllabus and manual will be published as part of the IAEA Technical Series in September

Pricing Policies in Academic Libraries.

Science.gov (United States)

King, Donald W.

1979-01-01

Economic considerations of user charges are presented along with economic principles and implications of charging for specific library materials and services. Alternative pricing policies and their implications are described, and, to illustrate the complexity and subtle effects of charging, a numerical example for interlibrary loans is also given.…

Student Loan Default Rates in Minnesota, 2007

Science.gov (United States)

Grimes, Tricia

2010-01-01

While Minnesota undergraduates are more likely to take out student loans, they are substantially less likely than their peers nationally to default on federal student loans. Fifty-four percent of Minnesota undergraduates took out student loans in 2007-2008, compared to 39 percent of undergraduates across the U.S. Minnesota undergraduates were also…

Loan Market Competition and Bank Risk-Taking

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wagner, W.B.

2007-01-01

Recent literature (Boyd and De Nicoló, 2005) has argued that competition in the loan market lowers bank risk by reducing the risk-taking incentives of borrowers. We show that the impact of loan market competition on banks is reversed if banks can adjust their loan portfolios. The reason is that when

Using collateral to secure loans

OpenAIRE

Yaron Leitner

2006-01-01

In “Using Collateral to Secure Loans,” Yaron Leitner asks: Why is collateral used to secure some loans, but not others? And why does collateral potentially involve more risk? He considers these questions, looking at some of the explanations for using collateral, focusing on its benefits and drawbacks.

Collateral in Loan Classification and Provisioning

OpenAIRE

In W Song

2002-01-01

Adequate loan classification practices are an essential part of a sound and effective credit risk-management process in a bank. Failure to identify deterioration in credit quality in a timely manner can aggravate and prolong the problem. Two key issues arise with regard to the use of collateral in the context of loan classification and provisioning. In particular, the questions arise whether collateral should be taken into account in classifying a collateralized loan, and whether it should be...

Home loan profitability optimisation in the financial industry / by Sias Heyns

OpenAIRE

Heyns, Sias

2007-01-01

Product profitability needs to remain a competitive advantage to a bank's home loan product. Ever changing customer needs and even more demanding customers today enforce reasons to investigate the profitability of home loans. Other aspects to consider includes transfer pricing, ROA, cost to deliver product to market areas (marketing and distribution cost) and break-even period. Banks are facing immense challenges to achieve sustainable profitability. Historically low interest rates are compre...

Why Student Loans Are Different: Findings from Six Focus Groups of Student Loan Borrowers

Science.gov (United States)

Delisle, Jason; Holt, Alexander

2015-01-01

For all the attention student loans have received in the media and from policymakers in recent years, there is still remarkably little information on why and how borrowers struggle to repay them. Rising college prices and debt levels explain some of the troubles borrowers have with their loans, as does a slow economic recovery that has caused…

Modelling home equity conversion loans with life insurance models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Baškot Bojan

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Home equity represents a reserve that can be used for providing additional money for its owners during their retirement. Life insurance models can be successfully applied to model home equity conversion loans. The home equity conversion loan is a financial product that provides a certain flexibility by using home equity as a resource for a quality life during retirement. Home equity conversion loans do not have a predetermined maturity date, as do conventional loans. But, like every loan, it must be repaid. One potential advantage of using a home equity conversion loan during tough financial times instead of some types of need-based assistance is that eligibility is straightforward. Home equity conversion loans can be useful tools in the process of pension system reform.

50 CFR 12.36 - Donation or loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Donation or loan. 12.36 Section 12.36... SEIZURE AND FORFEITURE PROCEDURES Disposal of Forfeited or Abandoned Property § 12.36 Donation or loan. (a... and security for the item. (b) Any donation or loan may be made only after execution of a transfer...

19 CFR 351.505 - Loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... present ability to meet its costs and fixed financial obligations with its cash flow; and (D) Evidence of the firm's future financial position, such as market studies, country and industry economic forecasts... principal of the loan. (d) Contingent liability interest-free loans—(1) Treatment as loans. In the case of...

Economic policy uncertainty, credit risks and banks lending decisions: Evidence from Chinese commercial banks

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Qinwei Chi; Wenjing Li

2017-01-01

Using data for Chinese commercial banks from 2000 to 2014, this paper examines the effects of economic policy uncertainty(EPU) on banks’ credit risks and lending decisions. The results reveal significantly positive connections among EPU and non-performing loan ratios, loan concentrations and the normal loan migration rate. This indicates that EPU increases banks’ credit risks and negatively influences loan size, especially for joint-equity banks. Given the increasing credit risks generated by EPU, banks can improve operational performance by reducing loan sizes. Further research indicates that the effects of EPU on banks’ credit risks and lending decisions are moderated by the marketization level, with financial depth moderating the effect on banks’ credit risks and strengthening it on lending decisions.

Bank Loan Loss Provisions, Investor Protection and the Macroeconomy

OpenAIRE

Ozili, Peterson K

2017-01-01

This study investigates the non-discretionary determinants of bank loan loss provisions in Africa after controlling for macroeconomic fluctuation, financial development and investor protection. We find that non-performing loans, loan-to-asset ratio and loan growth are significant non-discretionary drivers of bank provisions in the African region. We observe that bank provision is a positive function of non-performing loans up to a threshold beyond which bank provisions will no longer increase...

7 CFR 766.112 - Additional security for restructured loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Additional security for restructured loans. 766.112..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS DIRECT LOAN SERVICING-SPECIAL Loan Servicing Programs § 766.112 Additional security for restructured loans. (a) If the borrower is delinquent prior to restructuring, the...

Solar Stimulus: Perceptions of banks and credit unions towards solar loans in Massachusetts

Science.gov (United States)

Bahirwani, Suveer

Access to finance for residential solar photovoltaic systems (PV) is an essential element of the clean energy economy. Perceptions about solar PV and solar loans among lenders at banks and credit unions shape the availability of lending products for residential solar PV. In March 2015, interviews were carried out among select informants and subsequently, between April and May 2015, a survey was conducted to gauge the perceptions of lenders in Massachusetts. Lenders have a range of concerns with the market and the provision of solar loans. These concerns can be grouped around risk, market size or viability and policy uncertainty. In summary, lending for this segment is not a priority for banks and credit unions in Massachusetts at this time. Recommendations are offered for the lending community and policymakers to improve adoption. Questions for further research are also presented.

Discriminant Analysis of Student Loan Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Dyl, Edward A.; McGann, Anthony F.

1977-01-01

The use of discriminant analysis in identifying potentially "good" versus potentially "bad" student loans is explained. The technique is applied to a sample of 200 student loan applications at the University of Wyoming. (LBH)

Loan Defaults in Africa

OpenAIRE

Svetlana Andrianova; Badi H Baltagi; Panicos O Demetriades

2011-01-01

African financial deepening is beset by a high rate of loan defaults, which encourages banks to hold liquid assets instead of lending. We put forward a novel theoretical model that captures the salient features of African credit markets which shows that equilibrium with high loan defaults and low lending can arise when contract enforcement institutions are weak, investment opportunities are relatively scarce and information imperfections abound. We provide evidence using a panel of 110 banks ...

12 CFR 583.12 - Multiple savings and loan holding company.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Multiple savings and loan holding company. 583... DEFINITIONS FOR REGULATIONS AFFECTING SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES § 583.12 Multiple savings and loan holding company. The term multiple savings and loan holding company means any savings and loan holding...

12 CFR 583.11 - Diversified savings and loan holding company.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Diversified savings and loan holding company... DEFINITIONS FOR REGULATIONS AFFECTING SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES § 583.11 Diversified savings and loan holding company. The term diversified savings and loan holding company means any savings and loan holding...

75 FR 26706 - Information Collection; Direct Loan Making

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-12

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Information Collection; Direct Loan Making AGENCY... that supports Direct Loan Making programs. The information is used to determine borrower compliance with loan agreements, assist the borrower in achieving business goals, and regular servicing of the...

12 CFR 583.20 - Savings and loan holding company.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Savings and loan holding company. 583.20... REGULATIONS AFFECTING SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES § 583.20 Savings and loan holding company. The term savings and loan holding company means any company that directly or indirectly controls a savings...

7 CFR 772.10 - Transfer and assumption-AMP loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Transfer and assumption-AMP loans. 772.10 Section 772..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS SERVICING MINOR PROGRAM LOANS § 772.10 Transfer and assumption—AMP loans. (a) Eligibility. The Agency may approve transfers and assumptions of AMP loans when: (1) The...

Microfinance and Gender: Is There a Glass Ceiling in Loan Size?

OpenAIRE

Agier, Isabelle; Szafarz, Ariane

2010-01-01

Microfinance institutions serve a majority of female borrowers. But do men and women benefit from same credit conditions? This paper investigates this issue by presenting an original model and testing its predictions on an exceptional database including 34,000 loan applications from a Brazilian microfinance institution over an eleven-year period. The model considers a lender that offers standardized loan contracts with a fixed interest rate, which is common practice in microfinance. It demons...

A Trillion-Dollar Question: What Predicts Student Loan Delinquencies?

Science.gov (United States)

Mezza, Alvaro; Sommer, Kamila

2016-01-01

The recent significant increase in student loan delinquencies has generated interest in understanding the key factors predicting the non-performance of these loans. However, despite the large size of the student loan market, existing analyses have been limited by lack of data. This paper studies predictors of student loan delinquencies using a…

78 FR 51046 - Registration of Mortgage Loan Originators

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-20

... FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION 12 CFR Part 610 RIN 3052-AC78 Registration of Mortgage Loan Originators... residential mortgage loan originators employed by Farm Credit System (FCS or System) institutions. We are... loan originators at banks, savings associations, credit unions, FCS institutions, and their...

Terms and conditions for Diesel Emissions Reduction Act Smartway financing projects where an eligible nonprofit grantee is implementing a loan program and loan Recipients will use the loan funds for activities that trigger Davis Bacon

Science.gov (United States)

Use this T&C for DERA Smartway financing projects where an eligible nonprofit grantee is implementing a loan program and loan Recipients will use the loan funds for activities that trigger Davis Bacon.

The Influence of Macroeconomic Trends on the Repayment of Loans by Households: Evidence from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Policy Reccomendations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pašić Sanela

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the influence of macroeconomic indicators, namely GDP growth, the Consumer Price Index and the unemployment rate on the quality of loan repayments by households in the banking market of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Potential influence is observed over a period of fourteen years at the level of nonperforming household loans using regression analysis. The authors aim to determine whether macroeconomic forces actually influence loan repayment, and if so how and what can be done by banks to utilize this information in order to reduce future credit losses, and by the government to maintain the stability of the banking sector.

Southeast Regional Clean Energy Policy Analysis (Revised)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McLaren, J.

2011-04-01

More than half of the electricity produced in the southeastern states is fuelled by coal. Although the region produces some coal, most of the states depend heavily on coal imports. Many of the region's aging coal power facilities are planned for retirement within the next 20 years. However, estimates indicate that a 20% increase in capacity is needed over that time to meet the rapidly growing demand. The most common incentives for energy efficiency in the Southeast are loans and rebates; however, total public spending on energy efficiency is limited. The most common state-level policies to support renewable energy development are personal and corporate tax incentives and loans. The region produced 1.8% of the electricity from renewable resources other than conventional hydroelectricity in 2009, half of the national average. There is significant potential for development of a biomass market in the region, as well as use of local wind, solar, methane-to-energy, small hydro, and combined heat and power resources. Options are offered for expanding and strengthening state-level policies such as decoupling, integrated resource planning, building codes, net metering, and interconnection standards to support further clean energy development. Benefits would include energy security, job creation, insurance against price fluctuations, increased value of marginal lands, and local and global environmental paybacks.

7 CFR 1786.26 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... RUS Guaranteed Federal Financing Bank Loans Pursuant to Section 306(A) of the RE Act § 1786.26 Policy... of section 306(A) of the RE Act and section 633 of the continuing resolution as modified by section 637 of the 1989 Appropriations Act. Furthermore, consistent with the RE Act, the continuing resolution...

7 CFR 160.74 - Loan of standards without security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan of standards without security. 160.74 Section 160... REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS FOR NAVAL STORES Loan and Care of United States Standards § 160.74 Loan of standards without security. Duplicates of the United States Standards for rosin may be loaned without deposit of...

Syndicated Loan Signed for CPECC'S KUWAIT Project

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

1997-01-01

@@ China Petroleum Engineering Construction Corp. (CPECC) has got a syndicated loan of 80 million USD from a consortium composed of 15 banks of Japan, Germany, France, Netherlands and Belgium with Sanwa Bank Hongkong Branch as the arrangement bank. The loan will be used for building a multiple well manifold production station (MWMPS) in Kuwait. The signing ceremony for the loan agreement was held in late January 1997.

76 FR 6185 - Registration of Mortgage Loan Originators

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-03

... UNION ADMINISTRATION Registration of Mortgage Loan Originators AGENCY: Office of the Comptroller of the..., Agency-regulated institutions) who act as a residential mortgage loan originator to register with the... registration system for mortgage loan originators. Specifically, the Act requires: (1) All States to provide...

76 FR 30286 - Community Development Revolving Loan Fund

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-25

... Revolving Loan Fund AGENCY: National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). ACTION: Proposed rule. SUMMARY..., evaluates, and acts on credit union applications seeking loans and technical assistance grants from the Community Development Revolving Loan Fund (CDRLF or Fund). The proposed changes update the current rule to...

75 FR 77935 - Patriot Express Pilot Loan Initiative

Science.gov (United States)

2010-12-14

... SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Patriot Express Pilot Loan Initiative AGENCY: U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). ACTION: Notice of extension of the Patriot Express Pilot Loan Initiative. SUMMARY: This notice extends the Patriot Express Pilot Loan Initiative in its current form through December 31, 2013...

Gender and Banking : Are Women Better Loan Officers?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Beck, T.H.L.; Behr, P.; Guttler, A.

2009-01-01

We analyze gender differences associated with loan officer performance. Using a unique data set for a commercial bank in Albania over the period 1996 to 2006, we find that loans screened and monitored by female loan officers show statistically and economically significant lower default rates than

7 CFR 1945.35 - Special EM loan training.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

...) PROGRAM REGULATIONS (CONTINUED) EMERGENCY Disaster Assistance-General § 1945.35 Special EM loan training... workshop and a test. (c) Objective. The basic objective of this training program is to keep State and... employees in administering the EM loan program. (d) Comprehensive EM loan training package. A comprehensive...

42 CFR 57.1518 - Modification of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOANS Loan Guarantees and Interest Subsidies to Assist in Construction of Teaching Facilities for Health Profession...

76 FR 7148 - Proposed Information Collection; Comment Request; Revolving Loan Fund (RLF) Reporting and...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-09

... otherwise borrow capital. On occasion, RLFs also make loans to finance public infrastructure. As the loans... information; (c) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (d) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on respondents, including through the use...

7 CFR 3550.63 - Maximum loan amount.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... self-help housing will be calculated by adding the total of the market value of the lot (including... amount. Total secured indebtedness must not exceed the area loan limit or market value limitations... appraisal, tax monitoring fee, and the charge to establish an escrow account for taxes and insurance will...

13 CFR 120.383 - Restrictions on loan processing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Restrictions on loan processing. 120.383 Section 120.383 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS.... Since greater risk may be associated with a loan to an applicant under this program, a Certified Lender...

13 CFR 120.1707 - Seller's retained Loan Interest.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seller's retained Loan Interest. 120.1707 Section 120.1707 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1707 Seller...

13 CFR 120.1714 - Seller's Pool Loan servicing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seller's Pool Loan servicing. 120.1714 Section 120.1714 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1714 Seller...

13 CFR 120.1715 - Seller's Pool Loan liquidation.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seller's Pool Loan liquidation. 120.1715 Section 120.1715 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1715 Seller...

13 CFR 120.1713 - Seller's Pool Loan origination.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seller's Pool Loan origination. 120.1713 Section 120.1713 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1713 Seller...

13 CFR 120.1717 - Seller's Pool Loan deferments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Seller's Pool Loan deferments. 120.1717 Section 120.1717 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Establishment of SBA Secondary Market Guarantee Program for First Lien Position 504 Loan Pools § 120.1717 Seller...

7 CFR 3550.108 - Security requirements (loans only).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Security requirements (loans only). 3550.108 Section..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DIRECT SINGLE FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Section 504 Origination and Section 306C Water and Waste Disposal Grants § 3550.108 Security requirements (loans only). When the total...

24 CFR 207.252a - Premiums-operating loss loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Premiums—operating loss loans. (a) The mortgagee, upon the insurance endorsement of the increase loan credit instrument covering the operating loss loan, shall pay to the Commissioner a first mortgage...

CERN’s Computing rules updated to include policy for control systems

CERN Multimedia

IT Department

2008-01-01

The use of CERN’s computing facilities is governed by rules defined in Operational Circular No. 5 and its subsidiary rules of use. These rules are available from the web site http://cern.ch/ComputingRules. Please note that the subsidiary rules for Internet/Network use have been updated to include a requirement that control systems comply with the CNIC(Computing and Network Infrastructure for Control) Security Policy. The security policy for control systems, which was approved earlier this year, can be accessed at https://edms.cern.ch/document/584092 IT Department

The Confidentiality of Interlibrary Loan Records.

Science.gov (United States)

Nolan, Christopher W.

1993-01-01

Discusses potential problems for confidentiality within interlibrary loan requests, outlines legal issues related to confidentiality, and proposes guidelines intended to protect library users' rights to privacy. Interlibrary loan documentation procedures are considered; laws and professional standards are reviewed; and the disposition of…

7 CFR 1703.141 - Approved purposes for loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RURAL DEVELOPMENT Distance Learning and Telemedicine Loan Program § 1703.141... the project, including vehicles utilizing distance learning and telemedicine technology to deliver...) Providing links between teachers and students or medical professionals who are located at the same facility...

7 CFR 1776.17 - Revolving loan fund maintenance.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., justifies different amounts, a reserve for bad debts of 6 percent of outstanding loans must be accumulated... 7 Agriculture 12 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Revolving loan fund maintenance. 1776.17 Section 1776..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (CONTINUED) HOUSEHOLD WATER WELL SYSTEM GRANT PROGRAM HWWS Loans § 1776.17...

24 CFR 201.20 - Property improvement loan eligibility.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... estimated cost. (2) The loan proceeds shall be used only to finance property improvements that substantially protect or improve the basic livability or utility of the property. The Secretary will establish a list of... the Secretary before making a loan. (3) The loan proceeds shall only be used to finance property...

14 CFR 1300.23 - Participation in guaranteed loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... lender may distribute the risk of a portion of a loan guaranteed under the program by sale of... transferred in whole or in part; (2) The lender remains solely responsible for the administration of the loan... loans guaranteed under the program: (1) Eligible lenders; (2) Private investment funds and insurance...

7 CFR 773.21 - Loan decision, closing, and fees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS SPECIAL APPLE LOAN PROGRAM § 773.21 Loan decision, closing, and... required to execute the promissory notes as individuals. (c) Fees. The applicant will pay all loan closing...

78 FR 33755 - Project Financing Loans

Science.gov (United States)

2013-06-05

... CFR Part 1710 [0572-AC21] Project Financing Loans AGENCY: Rural Utilities Service, USDA. ACTION... also considering regulations to clarify the agency's procedures for single asset/project financing... parameters necessary to more effectively and prudently use project financing in the RUS electric loan program...

The effectiveness of policy interventions in CEE countries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alin-Marius ANDRIEȘ

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper assesses the effectiveness of intervention measures adopted by central authorities during 2005-2012 in CEE. We investigate their impact on bank stability in 15 countries from CEE using bank-level data and OLS estimation method. The bank stability is proxied by the natural logarithm of the Z-Score and the non-performing loans to gross loans ratio. Empirical findings suggest that interest rates cuts, as well as domestic and foreign liquidity injections have a significant impact on bank stability in Emerging Europe. Moreover, their effectiveness differs according to several bank characteristics. Policy measures adopted by CEE countries significantly reduced the stability of domestic banks, but increased the stability of banks with a lower level of capitalization. The impact on the Z–score of banking system liquidity policy measures and the policy interest rates cuts is significantly lower in the case of domestic banks, amplified for less-capitalized banks (except for the category regarding banks’ solvency, while their impact on large banks remains statistically insignificant.

The effect of organizational hierarchy on loan rates and risk assessments

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bouwens, J.; Kroos, P.

2012-01-01

We examine whether loan decisions are affected by the internal decision structure of the bank. Banks typically grant decision rights on straight-forward loans entirely to individual loan officers. For more risky loans these officers have to seek ratification for their loan proposals at higher

42 CFR 57.313a - Loan cancellation reimbursement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan cancellation reimbursement. 57.313a Section 57.313a Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR... Loans § 57.313a Loan cancellation reimbursement. In the event that insufficient funds are available to...

7 CFR 1435.105 - Loan settlement and foreclosure.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... all or any part of the loan collateral by paying CCC the applicable principal and interest. (b) Forfeiture of sugar loan collateral will be accepted as payment in full of the principal and interest due...) Forfeiture of in-process sugar serving as loan collateral will be accepted as payment in full of principal...

Is College Affordable? Are Loans Manageable? What Do Colleges' Net Price Calculators Show? Policy Bulletin

Science.gov (United States)

Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance, 2012

2012-01-01

A review of net price calculators--a financial aid tool mandated by the "Higher Education Opportunity Act" of 2008--reveals that students from low-, moderate-, and middle-income families face record-level net prices at 4-year public colleges today. These net prices will translate into levels of average total loan burden far in excess of…

7 CFR 3565.304 - Lender loan processing responsibilities.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... application at the feasibility stage or when they request a conditional commitment. (b) Project servicing, management and disposition. Unless otherwise permitted by the Agency, the originating lender must perform all loan functions during the period of the guarantee. These functions include servicing, asset management...

12 CFR 614.4330 - Loan participations.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Purchases and Sales § 614.4330 Loan participations. Agreements to purchase or sell a participation interest... minimum: (1) Define the duties and responsibilities of the participating institution and the lead lender, and/or the servicing institution, if different from the lead lender. (2) Provide for loan servicing...

Tranching in the Syndicated Loan Market

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cumming, D.; McCahery, J.A.; Schwienbacher, A.

2011-01-01

We use data comprising over 100,000 loans from 115 countries during 1995-2009 to examine factors that affect the extent of loan tranching, and the range of tranche spreads. The data show five factors that drive them: asymmetric information, borrower risk, transaction costs, the presence of

Student Loan Programs. As Federal Costs of Loan Consolidation Rise, Other Options Should be Examined. Report to Congressional Requesters.

Science.gov (United States)

General Accounting Office, Washington, DC.

In this report GAO recommends that the Secretary of Education assess the advantages of consolidation loans for borrowers and the government in light of program costs and identify options for reducing federal costs. Options could include targeting the program to borrowers at risk of default and extending existing consolidation alternatives to more…

7 CFR 1421.106 - Warehouse-stored marketing assistance loan collateral.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Warehouse-stored marketing assistance loan collateral... Marketing Assistance Loans § 1421.106 Warehouse-stored marketing assistance loan collateral. (a) A commodity may be pledged as collateral for a warehouse-stored marketing assistance loan in the quantity...

Macroeconomic Activity and Monetary Policy Actions: Some Preliminary Evidence.

OpenAIRE

Haslag, Joseph H; Hein, Scott E

1992-01-01

Monetary policy is conducted through open market operations, loans at the discount window, and changes in the reserve requirement structure. The purpose of this paper is to formally investigate the notion that the effect of changes in reserve requirement ratios is different from the effect of other policy tools. This is accomplished by decomposing the monetary base into those changes caused by changes in reserve requirement ratios and those caused by other monetary policy actions. Some prelim...

Renewable Energy Policy Fact sheet - Slovenia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2017-07-01

The EurObserv'ER policy profiles give a snapshot of the renewable energy policy in the EU Member States. In Slovenia, electricity from renewable sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff (so called 'guaranteed purchase') and a premium tariff (so called 'operating premium'), both granted through a tender procedure. Renewable energy sources for heating purposes are promoted mainly through loans on concessional terms and subsidies. The main incentive for renewable energy use in transport are tax exemptions and subsidies

38 CFR 36.4524 - Sale of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... regulations concerning direct loans to veterans as may be inconsistent therewith or variant therefrom shall no... Veterans Affairs may issue a guaranty in connection therewith within the maximums applicable to loans...

7 CFR 1735.33 - Variable interest rate loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Variable interest rate loans. 1735.33 Section 1735.33... § 1735.33 Variable interest rate loans. After June 10, 1991, and prior to November 1, 1993, RUS made certain variable rate loans at interest rates less than 5 percent but not less than 2 percent. For those...

50 CFR 31.11 - Donation and loan of wildlife specimens.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 50 Wildlife and Fisheries 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Donation and loan of wildlife specimens... of Wildlife Reduction and Disposal § 31.11 Donation and loan of wildlife specimens. Wildlife specimens may be donated or loaned to public institutions for specific purposes. Donation or loans of...

19 CFR 351.506 - Loan guarantees.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Duties INTERNATIONAL TRADE ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ANTIDUMPING AND COUNTERVAILING DUTIES Identification and Measurement of Countervailable Subsidies § 351.506 Loan guarantees. (a) Benefit—(1) In general. In the case of a loan guarantee, a benefit exists to the extent that the total amount a firm pays for...

44 CFR 206.367 - Loan repayment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan repayment. 206.367 Section 206.367 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF... interest, P=the principal amount disbursed; R=the interest rate of the loan; and, T=the outstanding term in...

12 CFR 614.4245 - Collateral evaluation policies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... directors of each Farm Credit System institution that engages in lending or leasing secured by collateral... descriptive and detailed to provide ample support to the institution's related credit decisions; (2) Performed... Section 614.4245 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM LOAN POLICIES AND...

Announcement effects of convertible bond loans versus warrant-bond loans : An empirical analysis for the Dutch market

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Roon, F.A.; Veld, C.H.

1995-01-01

This study investigates the announcement effects of offerings of convertible bond loans and warrant-bond loans using data for the Dutch market. Using standard event study methodology it is found that on average stock prices show a positive but insignificant abnormal return for the announcement of a

76 FR 46835 - Notice of Submission of Proposed Information Collection to OMB; HUD Loan Sales Bidder...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-03

... Proposed Information Collection to OMB; HUD Loan Sales Bidder Qualification Statement AGENCY: Office of the... respond; including through the use of appropriate automated collection techniques or other forms of... following information: Title of Proposal: HUD Loan Sales Bidder Qualification Statement. OMB Approval Number...

78 FR 28953 - William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-16

.... Ford Federal Direct Loan Program; Interim Final Rule #0;#0;Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 95... [Docket ID ED-2013-OPE-0066] RIN 1840-AD13 William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program AGENCY: Office of... Secretary amends the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program (Direct Loan Program) regulations to...

Nigerian University Libraries and the World Bank Loan.

Science.gov (United States)

Balarabe, Ahmed Abdu

1995-01-01

Discusses the development of Nigerian federal universities and their libraries. Topics include library funding; the Nigerian economic crisis and the university library system; rationale for the World Bank Federal Universities Adjustment Loan Project that was used for library materials, staff development, and equipment; and problems with the…

75 FR 23218 - Information Collection; Direct Loan Servicing-Regular

Science.gov (United States)

2010-05-03

... collections established in the regulation are necessary for FSA to monitor and account for loan security... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Information Collection; Direct Loan Servicing... collection that supports Direct Loan Servicing-Regular programs. The information is used to determine...

(Case Study: Management of Loans by Private Banks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Farsijani Farsijani

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The importance of the right choice of investment projects is very clear in our own country so that if the correct method based on pattern and scientific criteria for assessing specific plans and measures suitable for budgeting and resource allocation and planning had already seen half the work, or stay and become many non-economic plans. Private sector profitability condition as the criterion of governmental authorities saw the necessity of other factors including political considerations and design. Investment banks and commercial evaluation of projects in one hand and plan to be profitable categories on the other hand should develop programs and projects coordinated macro country. In this study, using the experiences of Iranian experts in providing loans to customers, a model was provided to be an expert system. The expert system presented in this study based on quantitative and qualitative factors considered in the evaluation process, experts from the banking loan requests is a private bank. To provide the expert system, the Bank study documents and research in the world and using interviews and questionnaires framework decision proposed expert system evaluation criteria for acceptance or rejection of requests bank customers are offered loans.

77 FR 6563 - Economic Impact Policy

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-08

... EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Economic Impact Policy This notice is to inform the public that the Export-Import Bank of the United States has received an application for a $1.74 billion loan... Australia. The U.S. exports will enable the Australian mining company to increase production by about 100...

42 CFR 57.1515 - Loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... to Assist in Construction of Teaching Facilities for Health Profession Personnel § 57.1515 Loan... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Loan closing. 57.1515 Section 57.1515 Public Health PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES GRANTS GRANTS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING...

7 CFR 160.75 - Loan of standards under security deposit.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan of standards under security deposit. 160.75... REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS FOR NAVAL STORES Loan and Care of United States Standards § 160.75 Loan of standards under security deposit. Duplicates of the United States Standards for rosin may be loaned to interested...

Single Family Loan Sale Initiative - National Offering

Data.gov (United States)

Department of Housing and Urban Development — The FHA Office of Housing is conducting a series of mortgage loan sales under the Single Family Loan Sale (SFLS) Initiative. The current sales structure consists of...

ANALISIS PENGARUH CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO (CAR) DAN NON PERFORMING LOAN (NPL) TERHADAP LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO (LDR) PADA BANK BUMN PERSERO DI INDONESIA

OpenAIRE

TANGKO, IRENE LASTRY FARDANI

2012-01-01

Non Performing Loan (NPL)Analisis Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) Terhadap Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) Pada Bank BUMN Persero Di Indonesia Analysis ofEffect ofCapitalAdequacy Ratio (CAR) and theNon-PerformingLoan(NPL) AgainstLoanto DepositRatio (LDR) Thestate-owned bankinIndonesiaPersero Irene Lastry Fardani Tangko Otto R. Payangan Maat pono Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Non Performin...

78 FR 63158 - Information Collection; Guaranteed Farm Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-23

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Farm Service Agency Information Collection; Guaranteed Farm Loan Program... collection associated with the Guaranteed Farm Loan Program. The amended estimate adds the merger of the information collection for the Land Contract Guarantee Program (0560-0279) into the Guaranteed Farm Loan...

13 CFR 120.970 - Servicing of 504 loans and Debentures.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... more frequent basis and monitoring the status of the Borrower and 504 loan collateral. (c) The CDC is... collateral for the 504 loan, as required. (e) The CDC must timely respond to Borrower requests for loan... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Servicing of 504 loans and...

Country policy profile - Slovenia. October 2014

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-10-01

Promotion of renewable energy sources has traditionally important place in the national energy policy of Slovenia. In recent years, the ambitions are increasing, especially in the context of the overall environmental and energy policy in the EU. The energy policy is set in an Energy Act where a basis for exploitation of renewable energy sources is set. The Objectives 2020 are set in a National Renewable Energy Action Plan 2010-2020 (NREAP) with the proposed measures. The pursued goal is at least 25 per cent share of renewables in final energy consumption by 2020. In the field of cogeneration the objective is in accordance with the proposal of a new National Energy plan. An 80 per cent share of heat in all district heating systems produced from RES or CHP or waste heat to 2020 is introduced, with the exclusive use of renewables, CHP and district heating in all buildings with heat consumption of 250 kW from 2012 onwards. The production of electricity from renewable sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff and a premium tariff and through soft loans. Renewable energy sources for heating are promoted through soft loans and subsidies. The main incentive for renewable energy use in transport is a quota system and certain tax exemptions

Country policy profile - Slovenia. February 2015

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-02-01

Promotion of renewable energy sources has traditionally important place in the national energy policy of Slovenia. In recent years, the ambitions are increasing, especially in the context of the overall environmental and energy policy in the EU. The energy policy is set in an Energy Act where a basis for exploitation of renewable energy sources is set. The Objectives 2020 are set in Action Plan for Renewable Energy 2010-2020 (AN RES) with the proposed measures. The pursued goal is at least 25 per cent share of renewables in final energy balance by 2020. In the field of cogeneration the objective is in accordance with the proposal of a new National Energy plan. An 80 per cent share of heat in all district heating systems produced from RES or CHP or waste heat to 2020 is introduced, with the exclusive use of renewables, CHP and district heating in all buildings with heat consumption of 250 kW from 2012 onwards. The production of electricity from renewable sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff and a premium tariff and through soft loans. Renewable energy sources for heating are promoted through soft loans and subsidies. The main incentive for renewable energy use in transport is a quota system and certain tax exempts

Financial Management: Emergency Steel Loan Guarantee Program

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

2001-01-01

In a February 1, 2001 letter, you expressed concerns about repayments of federally guaranteed loans by borrowers under the Emergency Steel Loan Guarantee Program and the effect of the program on the U.S. steel industry...

34 CFR 682.507 - Due diligence in collecting a loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Due diligence in collecting a loan. 682.507 Section 682... Student Loan Programs § 682.507 Due diligence in collecting a loan. (a) General. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4) of this section, a lender shall exercise due diligence in the collection of a loan with...

7 CFR 1735.31 - RUS cost-of-money and RTB loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false RUS cost-of-money and RTB loans. 1735.31 Section 1735... Types of Loans § 1735.31 RUS cost-of-money and RTB loans. (a) RUS makes cost-of-money loans, under... qualify for concurrent RUS cost-of-money and RTB loans on or after November 1, 1993, a borrower must meet...

76 FR 20459 - Savings and Loan Holding Company Application

Science.gov (United States)

2011-04-12

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Savings and Loan Holding Company... concerning the following information collection. Title of Proposal: Savings and Loan Holding Company... officer of a savings and loan holding company, or any individual who owns, controls, or holds with power...

78 FR 48135 - Information Collection; Guaranteed Farm Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-07

... Information Collection; Guaranteed Farm Loan Program AGENCY: Farm Service Agency, USDA. ACTION: Notice... revision of a currently approved information collection associated with the Guaranteed Farm Loan Program. This information collection is used to make and service loans guaranteed by FSA to eligible farmers and...

29 CFR 4043.34 - Loan default.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 9 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Loan default. 4043.34 Section 4043.34 Labor Regulations... CERTAIN OTHER NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS Post-Event Notice of Reportable Events § 4043.34 Loan default. (a) Reportable event. A reportable event occurs for a plan whenever there is a default by a member of the plan's...

76 FR 35085 - Savings and Loan Holding Company Application

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-15

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Savings and Loan Holding Company... Proposal: Savings Loan Holding Company Application. OMB Number: 1550-0015. Form Numbers: H-(e). Description... that no company, or any director or officer of a savings and loan holding company, or any individual...

13 CFR 120.612 - Loans eligible to back Certificates.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans eligible to back Certificates. 120.612 Section 120.612 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS Secondary Market Certificates § 120.612 Loans eligible to back Certificates. (a) Pool Certificates...

7 CFR 1786.209 - Outstanding loan documents.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... all provisions of its RUS loan contract, its outstanding notes issued to RUS, and the RUS mortgage. (b... making prepayments on any loans pursuant to the RE Act in accordance with the terms thereof or as may be...

Shopping Center Financing: Pricing Loan Default Risk

OpenAIRE

Peter Chinloy; James Musumeci

1994-01-01

The financing structure of a shopping center is decomposed into an income security and two put options. These put options are respectively held by the borrower against the lender for default, and by the lender against an insurer or reinsurer. The prices of the put option depend on the loan-to-value ration of the loan and on the risk of the investment. The interest rate charged on the loan is the sum of four components: a riskless rate, lender production costs, and the net price of the put opt...

34 CFR 682.506 - Limitations on maximum loan amounts.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... loan is intended less— (i) The student's estimated financial assistance; and (ii) The student's.... (b) The Secretary does not guarantee a Federal Consolidation loan in an amount greater than that required to discharge loans eligible for consolidation under § 682.100(a)(4). (Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1075...

76 FR 31217 - Single Family Housing Guaranteed Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-31

... Farm Service Agency 7 CFR Part 1980 RIN 0575-AC83 Single Family Housing Guaranteed Loan Program... the Rural Housing Service (RHS) Section 502 Single Family Housing Guaranteed Loan Program (SFHGLP) by eliminating the lender's published Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) rate for first mortgage loans with no...

7 CFR 1421.105 - Farm-stored marketing assistance loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... quantity of the commodity is not eligible to be collateral for a marketing assistance loan unless the... storage of the marketing assistance loan collateral. (1) In such cases, the producer is not required to... producer intends to move marketing assistance loan collateral from a designated structure to another...

Responses to Including Parents in Teacher Evaluation Policy: A Critical Policy Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Fernández, Erica; LeChasseur, Kimberly; Donaldson, Morgaen L.

2018-01-01

The intersection of development in family and school settings has been well established and education policies have begun to promote ways to bridge the two contexts (i.e. teacher evaluations). For this manuscript, authors focus on how teachers and principals used a state educator evaluation policy to position parents as authorities on education.…

Neuro-Based Artificial Intelligence Model for Loan Decisions

OpenAIRE

Shorouq F. Eletter; Saad G. Yaseen; Ghaleb A. Elrefae

2010-01-01

Problem statement: Despite the increase in consumer loans defaults and competition in the banking market, most of the Jordanian commercial banks are reluctant to use artificial intelligence software systems for supporting loan decisions. Approach: This study developed a proposed model that identifies artificial neural network as an enabling tool for evaluating credit applications to support loan decisions in the Jordanian Commercial banks. A multi-layer feed-forward neural network with backpr...

FINANCIAL BALANCE AND LOANS OF THE SHAREHOLDERS TO THE COMPANY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rus Luminita

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The present analyses, based on a case study show the influence on the financial balance of the loans from shareholders , taking into account the accounting treatment of loans. We do not know that the Romanian economic literature to be treated that aspect. That is why we consider the study as being useful to managers, members, shareholders, and all business partners to form the economic decisions. The purpose of this financial analysis is to examine critically the accounting and financial information ofered by the companies to assess their performance and their financial position (Laurence Le Gallo. The financial position of firms is assessed based on the financial structure and financial balance. In a same time the financial balance is approached from a static perspective based on the: net situation, working capital, necessary of working capital, net treasury. The present analyses deals with financial balance in a static manner based on these four indicators listed. The sources of data for the analysis of financial balance are offered mainly in the financial statement. This document has been used data from a company that is engaged in the carriage of goods. Analysis was made over a period of five years. The present analysis showed that financial balance is influenced by the way that the shareholders loans to the company are treated by including them in long-term debt or short-term. Reprocessing of loans and their inclusion in long-term debt, changes the perspective on financial balance showing that on the long-term company has a stable balance. These aspects require preparation of loan agreements with associates as loans work in reality. The contracts must to highlight the progress of the loan on the long term and not to be extended or remodeled the short-term contracts. Of course, there are always solutions to improve the financial balance and in this way the financial position and the performance of the company. However, the proposed solutions

13 CFR 123.300 - Is my business eligible to apply for an economic injury disaster loan?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DISASTER LOAN PROGRAM Economic Injury Disaster Loans § 123.300 Is my business... businesses do not include agricultural enterprises, but do include— (1) Small nurseries affected by a drought... percent or more of their annual receipts from the production and sale of ornamental plants and other...

Safety of Municipal Loan in Ukraine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stetsenko Tetiana V.

2014-03-01

Full Text Available The goal of the article is justification of the necessity of legal regulation of actions of the bodies of local self-government when detecting signs of insolvency. Each stage of municipal loans management is analysed from the point of view of availability of legal rules, which do not allow making municipal loans by territorial communities of the cities with weak financial state or regulate sequence of actions of municipalities in default times. The following results were obtained: majority of legal restrictions in the sphere of local finance management are directed at prevention of ungrounded loans or have the form of sanctions, applied to local bodies, which perform their debt obligations with delay; the state formally controls the process of making municipal loans, avoiding financial responsibility; the national legislation does not contain the mechanism of regulation of actions of territorial communities, which experience difficulties when performing debt obligations. The article proves expediency of adoption of a uniform regulatory-legal act in Ukraine, which would regulate all economic relations connected with making municipal loans. This legal document shall contain a section about actions of the municipality-debtor when signs of default start to appear, announcement of default and declaration of the debtor insolvent (bankrupt. The article recommends the following structure of this section: regulation of the procedure of default announcement avoidance; announcement of default with the pre-trial restoration of the debtor’s solvency; and announcement of default with declaring the debtor bankrupt juridically.

7 CFR 1427.174 - Maturity of seed cotton loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Maturity of seed cotton loans. 1427.174 Section 1427.174 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION... Maturity of seed cotton loans. Seed cotton loans mature on demand by CCC but no later than May 31 following...

Bank loan portfolios and the Canadian monetary transmission mechanism

NARCIS (Netherlands)

den Haan, W.J.; Sumner, S.W.; Yamashiro, G.M.

2009-01-01

Following a monetary tightening, bank loans to consumers decrease. This is true for both mortgage and non-mortgage loans, and it is true for a tightening by the Bank of Canada that is, and is not, a response to a tightening by the Federal Reserve System. In contrast, business loans increase

Selling an Energy Efficiency Loan Portfolio in Oregon: Resale of the Craft3 loan portfolio to Self-Help Credit Union

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thompson, Peter; Borgeson, Merrian; Kramer, Chris; Zimring, Mark; Goldman, Charles

2014-05-30

Under the Clean Energy Works (CEW) program, Craft3 developed a loan product that widened access to financing for homeowners, offered long term funding, and collected repayments through the customer?s utility bill. The program?s success led Craft3 to pursue the sale of the loan portfolio to both mitigate its own risks and replenish funds for lending. This sale breaks new ground for energy efficiency finance and is notable as it was completed even with many novel program design elements. It replenished Craft3?s program capital and uncovered some valuable lessons that may facilitate future transactions. However, the lack of data history and the unproven nature of the loan portfolio meant that Craft3 had to limit the risk of losses to Self-Help, the purchaser of the portfolio. It remains to be seen whether this experience will pave the way for more sales of on-bill energy efficiency loan portfolios. This case study illustrates how certain program design decisions can sometimes both facilitate programmatic objectives and possibly present challenges for the sale of a portfolio of energy efficiency loans.

Study on Shareholder Related Loans's Impact to the Commercial Banks Development%股东关联贷款对商业银行发展的影响研究

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

程筱敏

2013-01-01

股东关联贷款对商业银行发展的影响与银行贷款危机密不可分。文中分析了股东关联贷款与银行贷款危机之间的关系，着重就股东关联贷款对商业银行影响进行研究，并提出了防范和降低商业银行股东关联贷款风险的政策建议。%The shareholder loans of commercial banks related development impact of the crisis and bank loans are inseparable.This article analyzes association between the shareholder loans and the crisis of bank loan,focusing on shareholder loans of commercial banks association,and proposed to prevent and reduce the risk of commercial bank lending policies related shareholder proposals.

Factors Impacting Bank Net Interest Margin and the Role of Monetary Policy: Evidence from Turkey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammed Hasan Yılmaz

2017-10-01

Full Text Available In this study, we investigate factors affecting net interest margin (NIM of commercial banks in Turkey. Especially, our results highlight the relation between unconventional monetary policy shocks and bank margins. To this end, first, we conduct an identification analysis about which parameters of asymmetric interest corridor framework are important in explaining variations in NIM. Using industry-level data, we show that there exists a pass through from BIST interbank overnight repo/reverse repo market rate and weighted average cost of funding (WACF to bank loan and deposit rates. As a result of reduced-form Vector Autoregression (VAR analysis we find the existence of a transmission mechanism from BIST rate and WACF to commercial loan rate, consumer loan rate and deposit rate. Same pass through to loan and deposit rates is also shown in individual bank level with the Panel Vector Autoregression (Panel VAR analysis in the case of 16 commercial banks in Turkey during the period 2011Q1-2016Q1. After the identification analysis, we examine the relationship between NIM and policy rates through System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM techniques by controlling bank specific, industry related and macroeconomic factors. We find that a change in the monetary policy rate has significant and positive impact on NIM. Among bank-specific factors, equity ratio and operating expenses are found to be significantly affecting NIM during the sample period. Our empirical findings also stress the significance of lag values of NIM. Estimations conducted with standardized variables indicate that economic significance of lag values and bank specific variables are larger than that of policy.

24 CFR 232.565 - Maximum loan amount.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... URBAN DEVELOPMENT MORTGAGE AND LOAN INSURANCE PROGRAMS UNDER NATIONAL HOUSING ACT AND OTHER AUTHORITIES MORTGAGE INSURANCE FOR NURSING HOMES, INTERMEDIATE CARE FACILITIES, BOARD AND CARE HOMES, AND ASSISTED... Fire Safety Equipment Eligible Security Instruments § 232.565 Maximum loan amount. The principal amount...

7 CFR 761.9 - Interest rates for direct loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interest rates for direct loans. 761.9 Section 761.9... AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS GENERAL PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION General Provisions § 761.9 Interest rates for direct loans. Interest rates for all direct loans are set in accordance with the Act. A copy of the...

7 CFR 772.7 - Leasing minor program loan security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Leasing minor program loan security. 772.7 Section 772..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SPECIAL PROGRAMS SERVICING MINOR PROGRAM LOANS § 772.7 Leasing minor program loan security. (a) Eligibility. The Agency may consent to the borrower leasing all or a portion of security...

LOANS AND THE DEPOSITS EVOLUTION AND STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMIC AGENTS IN THE ARGES COUNTY, DURING JULY 2011 - JULY 2012

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Năftănăilă Cristina Alina

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Crediting is one of the main activities of the commercial banks, the loans holding the largest share in all the assets of the banks, representing an important source of income, as the operating income. Increased competition among the banks and between banks and other entities which began to lend or provide funding, determined the important changes in the credit policy promoted by banks and in the structure of the credit portfolio. Through this article we want to present the theoretical aspects on crediting the economic agents, analyzing the factors contributing for taking the local banks decision to change or maintain the credit standards and we also conducted a study that reveals the structure of deposits and loans given to the economic agents, in the Arges county, from August 2011 - August 2012, aimed the modest economic dynamics propagated further increasing of the bad loans and in despite of a difficult external environment, marked by the sovereign debt crisis.

7 CFR 761.209 - Loan funds for beginning farmers.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan funds for beginning farmers. 761.209 Section 761... Funds to State Offices § 761.209 Loan funds for beginning farmers. Each fiscal year, the Agency reserves a portion of direct and guaranteed FO and OL loan funds for beginning farmers in accordance with...

26 CFR 1.141-5 - Private loan financing test.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Private loan financing test. 1.141-5 Section 1... loan financing test. (a) In general. Bonds of an issue are private activity bonds if more than the... determining whether the private loan financing test is met. In determining whether the proceeds of an issue...

Bad Loans and Loan Write-Offs

OpenAIRE

福田, 慎一; 鯉渕, 賢

2006-01-01

In this paper, we investigate who bears the burden when writing off bad loans in Japan. Traditionally, Japanese main banks bore large burdens in saving their customers. We still find that some main banks bear a large burden in saving their customers. However, in most cases, main banks became very reluctant to bear large burdens when bailing out their customers. In the transition from the bank-based system to a market-based system, traditional implicit rules are collapsing dramatically. We sug...

Rules versus Discretion in Loan Rate Setting

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cerqueiro, G.M.; Degryse, H.A.; Ongena, S.

2007-01-01

We propose a heteroscedastic regression model to identify the determinants of the dispersion in interest rates on loans granted to small and medium sized enterprises. We interpret unexplained deviations as evidence of the banks’ discretionary use of market power in the loan rate setting process.

25 CFR 101.2 - Kinds of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... associations, corporations and partnerships, to finance economic enterprises operated for profit, the operation... training programs. Loans may also be made by the United States to tribes for loaning to or investing in... thereof, corporations and partnerships, to finance economic enterprises operated for profit, the operation...

A New Paradigm in Mortgage Loan Advice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Otterstedt, Margrét Sesselja; Rasmussen, Kourosh Marjani; Kulahci, Murat

2013-01-01

The Danish mortgage market has undergone considerable changes during the last 15 years. New and more complex variations of loan products have been introduced. Nevertheless, mortgage loan advice has remained, by large, unchanged. This paper addresses a study where a number of new refinancing rules...

76 FR 28031 - Clarification of Statement of Policy

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-13

... Section 19 to include coverage of IAPs of Bank Holding Companies, and Savings and Loan Holding Companies... Thrift Supervision (OTS) in regard to bank and savings and loan holding companies under Section 19. (72... Law 111-202, Sec. 312 (2010) (Dodd-Frank) of savings and loan holding company jurisdiction to the...

[A study on English loan words in French plastic surgery].

Science.gov (United States)

Hansson, E; Tegelberg, E

2014-10-01

The French language is less and less used as an international scientific language and many French researchers publish their work in English. Nowadays, Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique is the only international plastic surgical journal published completely in French. The use of English loan words in French plastic surgery has never been studied. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency and types of English loan words in French plastic surgery. A corpus consisting of all the articles in a number of Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthethique, chosen by default, was created. The frequency of English loan words was calculated and the types of words were analysed. The corpus contains 367 (0.8%) English loan words. Most of them are non-integrated loan words and calques. The majority of the plastic surgical loan words describe surgical techniques. The French plastic surgical language seems to be influenced by English. The usage of loan words does not always follow the recommendations and the usage is sometimes ambiguous. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Managing Bad Loans of Domestic Banks under Modern Economic Conditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bolhar Tetyana M.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The article considers main methods of management of bad bank loans under modern economic conditions, conducts analysis of internal and external banking methods used by Ukrainian banks, and specifies and identifies their advantages and shortcomings. In the result of the study the article analyses in detail the use of the methods of rehabilitation and liquidation of bad loans. It considers organisation of internal and external banking methods of liquidation of bad loans, considers mechanism of their conduct and identifies advantages and shortcomings of their application both for a bank and a borrower. Prospect of further studies in this direction is improvement of methods of assessment of bad loans, in particular, development of methodological approaches to identification of assessment of profitability of bad loans as an important element of the system of management of bad loans of a bank.

Is welfare all that matters? A discussion of what should be included in policy-making regarding animals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yeates, J.W.; Röcklinsberg, H.; Gjerris, Mickey

2011-01-01

Policy-making concerned with animals often includes human interests, such as economy, trade, environmental protection, disease control, species conservation etc. When it comes to the interests of the animals, such policy-making often makes use of the results of animal welfare science to provide...... assessments of ethically relevant concerns for animals. This has provided a scientific rigour that has helped to overcome controversies and allowed debates to move forward according to generally agreed methodologies. However, this focus can lead to policies leaving out other important issues relevant...... to animals. This can be considered as a problem of what is included in welfare science, or of what is included in policy. This suggests two possible solutions: expanding animal welfare science to address all ethical concerns about animals’ interests or widening the perspective considered in policy...

The Effectiveness of Corporate Boards: Evidence from Bank Loan Contracting

OpenAIRE

Francis, Bill; Hasan, Iftekhar; Koetter, Michael; Wu, Qiang

2009-01-01

This paper investigates the role of corporate boards in bank loan contracting. We find that when corporate boards are more independent, both price and non-price loan terms (e.g., interest rates, collateral, covenants and performance pricing) are more favorable and syndicated loans comprise more lenders. In addition, board size, board diversity, audit committee structure and other director characteristics also influence bank loan price. However they do not consistently affect all non-price loa...

12 CFR 528.6 - Loan application register.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loan application register. 528.6 Section 528.6 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY NONDISCRIMINATION... Mortgage Disclosure Act Loan Application Registers with the Office of Thrift Supervision in accordance with...

12 CFR 723.17 - Are there any exceptions to the aggregate loan limit?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

.... Loans that are excepted from the definition of member business loans are not counted for the purpose of... automobile loans, 20% credit card loans, and 13% total other real estate loans, then the credit union meets...

Included as Excluded and Excluded as Included: Minority Language Pupils in Norwegian Inclusion Policy

Science.gov (United States)

Hilt, Line Torbjørnsen

2015-01-01

This article offers an analysis of four Norwegian policy documents on inclusion of minority language pupils. The main concepts of this policy will be reconstructed and re-described, applying Niklas Luhmann's systems theory at different levels of the analysis. Luhmann's theory about society as a conglomerate of self-referential social systems…

78 FR 67465 - Loan Guaranty: Maximum Allowable Attorney Fees

Science.gov (United States)

2013-11-12

... foreclosure attorney fee. This fee recognizes the additional work required to resume the foreclosure action, while also accounting for the expectation that some work from the previous action may be utilized in... for legal fees in connection with the termination of single-family housing loans, including...

12 CFR 221.112 - Loans by bank in capacity as trustee.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans by bank in capacity as trustee. 221.112... CARRYING MARGIN STOCK (REGULATION U) Interpretations § 221.112 Loans by bank in capacity as trustee. (a... been pledged as collateral for loans. Loans are not made, under the plan, from bank funds, and...

Toward Effective Policies for Innovation Financing in Asia | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

The question of how to support innovations and innovative businesses in the ... policies that promote the long-term viability and competitiveness of small and ... of innovation financing schemes in Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand. ... tax incentives, loan and grant programs, capital market rules/regulations, etc.

Relevansi Nilai Selisih Loans Book Value dan Loans Fair Value, Book Value Per Share, Earnings Per Share dan Ukuran Perusahaan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dina Bakti Pertiwi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available One of the impacts of IFRS convergence is the tendency to leave historical cost to the fair value primarily for financial instruments, one of which is bank loans. Therefore, the benefit of the use of historical cost and fair value needs to be examined. This study aims to evaluate the relationship of the difference between loan book value and fair value, book value per share, earnings per share and the company size to the stock price of banks that use accounting standard that has been converged to IFRS. The samples used are banks listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2010-2013. The relationship between the difference loans book value and fair value, book value per share, earnings per share and the size with the stock price were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the difference between loans book value and fair value, book value per share, earnings per share and the size can be used to predict the stock price of bank. Thus, the difference between loan book value and fair value of financial instruments have a relevant value.

42 CFR 57.1514 - Loan guarantee and interest subsidy agreements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... GRANTS GRANTS FOR CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOANS Loan Guarantees and Interest Subsidies to Assist in Construction of Teaching Facilities for Health Profession Personnel § 57.1514 Loan guarantee and interest subsidy agreements. For each application for a...

Delay and probability discounting among payday and title loan recipients.

Science.gov (United States)

Mahoney, Colin T; Lawyer, Steven R

2016-04-01

Payday and title loans are short-term loans associated with significant economic impact. Behavioral theories of impulsive choice may provide insight into behavioral processes that underlie the propensity to take out payday and title loans. Adults between the ages of 18 and 30 recruited from the community completed delay and probability discounting tasks for hypothetical money as well as measures of substance use. Patterns of discounting were characterized using a hyperbolic decay model and area under the curve. Participants who took out a payday and/or title loan in the past (n=41) exhibited more impulsive choice patterns on the delay discounting task than did those who did not (n=255). Substance use mediated this relationship between payday and title loan retention and delay discounting. These findings suggest potentially important relationships between payday/title loan borrowing, substance use, and delay discounting. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

75 FR 59060 - Farm Credit Administration Board Meetings; Assessment and Apportionment of Administrative...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-09-27

... contained in the Board's Policy Statement on Regulatory Philosophy, which includes the elimination of... of Conduct and Referral of Known or Suspected Criminal Violations; Loan Policies and Operations; Funding and Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, and Funding Operations; General Provisions; and...

75 FR 8239 - Federal Home Loan Bank Housing Associates, Core Mission Activities and Standby Letters of Credit

Science.gov (United States)

2010-02-24

... written appeal to FHFA that includes the Bank's decision resolution and a statement of the basis for the... Parts 1264, 1265 and 1269 RIN 2590-AA33 Federal Home Loan Bank Housing Associates, Core Mission... regulations address, respectively, Federal Home Loan Bank (Bank) housing associates, the Banks' core mission...

75 FR 65238 - Loan Guaranty: Elimination of Redundant Regulations; Correction

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-22

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS 38 CFR Part 36 RIN 2900-AN71 Loan Guaranty: Elimination of... June 15, 2010 (75 FR 33704), amending its loan guaranty regulations to eliminate redundant regulations... INFORMATION CONTACT: William White, Acting Assistant Director for Loan Processing and Valuation (262...

77 FR 72960 - William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-07

... Federal Direct Loan Program AGENCY: Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of Education. ACTION... document to establish the date for the early implementation of William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (Direct Loan) program regulations that establish a new income-contingent repayment plan based on the President...

78 FR 45617 - Student Assistance General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-07-29

..., et al. Student Assistance General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education... General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education Loan Program, and William D... General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan (Perkins Loan) Program, Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL...

Logit Analysis for Profit Maximizing Loan Classification

OpenAIRE

Watt, David L.; Mortensen, Timothy L.; Leistritz, F. Larry

1988-01-01

Lending criteria and loan classification methods are developed. Rating system breaking points are analyzed to present a method to maximize loan revenues. Financial characteristics of farmers are used as determinants of delinquency in a multivariate logistic model. Results indicate that debt-to-asset and operating ration are most indicative of default.

Female entrepreneurs in trouble: do their bad loans last longer?

OpenAIRE

Juri Marcucci; Paolo Emilio Mistrulli

2013-01-01

We investigate the duration of bad loans for a unique data set of sole proprietorships in Italy, finding that bad loans for female firms last longer. However, this result is mainly due to the fact that loans granted to female firms are less frequently written off than those to male ones, suggesting that for banks female firms might be more creditworthy than male firms. These findings are robust to censoring, alternative specifications of the distribution of bad loan duration and other bank-sp...

78 FR 48789 - Loan Guaranty: Percentage to Determine Net Value

Science.gov (United States)

2013-08-09

... DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS Loan Guaranty: Percentage to Determine Net Value AGENCY: Department... mortgage holders in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) loan guaranty program concerning the percentage to be used in calculating the purchase price of a property that secured a terminated loan. The new...

26 CFR 1.7872-5 - Exempted loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Federal tax liability of the borrower or the lender. (2) No exemption for tax avoidance loans. If a... principal purposes of so structuring the transaction is the avoidance of Federal tax, then the transaction will be recharacterized as a tax avoidance loan as defined in section 7872(c)(1)(D). (b) List of...

24 CFR 573.7 - Loan guarantee agreement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... will require the Borrower to provide collateral security, to an extent and in a form, acceptable to HUD... property with comparable new property; (5) The lender will follow certain claim procedures to be specified... underlying collateral security for the loan; and (7) The lender will act as the fiscal agent for the loan...

12 CFR 211.45 - Accounting for fees on international loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. [Reg. K, 68 FR 1159, Jan. 9, 2003] Interpretations ... 12 Banks and Banking 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Accounting for fees on international loans. 211... Accounting for fees on international loans. (a) Restrictions on fees for restructured international loans. No...

34 CFR 682.100 - The Federal Family Education Loan programs.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false The Federal Family Education Loan programs. 682.100... POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOAN (FFEL) PROGRAM Purpose and Scope § 682.100 The Federal Family Education Loan programs. (a) This part governs the following four programs...

Testing the tools of development: credit programmes, loan involvement, and women's empowerment.

Science.gov (United States)

Ackerly, B A

1995-07-01

This study finds that income generation programs should not focus on women's labor as a means of empowerment. Empowerment should be directed to women's direct involvement in selling and accounting in the loan activity and in the techniques of lending agencies that promote empowerment. Borrowers are empowered through market activities and nonmarket strategies such as changing the institutional environment. Local women can be hired as group promoters. When payments are made to a collection post, local women promoters can be protected and travel to remote areas without fear for security. It is argued that goals are reached successfully, when tasks are clearly defined. Empowerment in this study means knowledge of accounting for the borrower's loan activity. It is argued that organizations that choose to make women's empowerment a goal can use this factor to measure program impact. Data for this study are obtained from the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), Grameen Bank (GB), and Save the Children, Bangladesh Field Office (SCF). The general model indicates that the borrower will be empowered in the process of taking out a loan and investing it in an activity. The likelihood that the credit process will lead to empowerment, given the multiple lending options, is tested in a probit model. Explanatory variables include location, borrower's direct contribution of labor to all or part of the activity, a borrower's direct involvement in buying supplies or selling or accounting for the loan, the lending organization (BRAC, GB, or SCF), loan amount, number of years of borrowing, and borrower position as a center or group chair. The results are based on the 826 loans of the 613 female borrowers. Significant features that contributed to borrower's knowledge included, in the order of significance, participation in accounting, selling, and labor. The key factor appeared to be market access. The impact of organization and involvement was maximized among individuals who

Türkiye’de Sektörel Banka Kredilerinin Gelişimi: Bir Zaman Serisi Analizi(The Development in Sectoral Bank Loans For Turkey: A Time-Series Analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Seval MUTLU ÇAMOĞLU

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Cash loans used by sectors are important indicators to observe the situations of economics activities, especially in economic crises periods. This study focuses on the evolution and behavior of the credit market in Turkish financial sector the periods of 1999 – 2010. Recently, the perception of the credit market’s importance in understanding many macroeconomic and financial problems has been changing. The main reason is the acknowledgment of the credit market as a key factor in understanding the transmission channels and of monetary policy. Turkish credit market is still in the stage of growth. In order to analyse the behavior of cash loans by economics activity is used Granger causality test and Johansen cointegration analysis. According to the causality analysis, the findings indicate bilateral relationship between reel credit stock and cash loans used by real estate and building sector. Morever, there are statistically significant long-run relationship between reel credit stock and cash loans used by some important sector in Turkey.

42 CFR 57.1512 - Length and maturity of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOANS Loan Guarantees and Interest Subsidies to Assist in Construction of Teaching Facilities for Health Profession...

Microcredit Loan Repayment Default among Small Scale ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The model is applied to primary data from a survey of 200 small scale entrepreneurs in the Upper West Region of Ghana. Results show that enterprise size, interest rate, loan duration, level of profit and loan amount are the simultaneous determinants of probability and rate of default. The study recommends that the National ...

Binomial tree method for pricing a regime-switching volatility stock loans

Science.gov (United States)

Putri, Endah R. M.; Zamani, Muhammad S.; Utomo, Daryono B.

2018-03-01

Binomial model with regime switching may represents the price of stock loan which follows the stochastic process. Stock loan is one of alternative that appeal investors to get the liquidity without selling the stock. The stock loan mechanism resembles that of American call option when someone can exercise any time during the contract period. From the resembles both of mechanism, determination price of stock loan can be interpreted from the model of American call option. The simulation result shows the behavior of the price of stock loan under a regime-switching with respect to various interest rate and maturity.

Country policy profile - Croatia. December 2015

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-12-01

Promotion of renewable energy sources has an important place in the national energy policy of Croatia. The energy policy is set in an Energy Act where a basis for exploitation of renewable energy sources is set. The objectives for 2020 are set in Energy Strategy adopted in 2009. It obliges the Croatia to encourage the future use of RES and to achieve a higher percentage of primary use of RES in the heating sector. The production of electricity from renewable energy sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff and loans. The Croatian Bank for Development and Reconstruction and the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency operate a loan scheme for RES-E projects. In past renewable energy sources for heating hadn't been promoted by the state so far. Currently, a support scheme for RES heating from biomass is in progress. The main promotion scheme in the field of RES-T is a bio-fuel quota obligation. Additionally, the state provides a subsidy for producers of bio-fuels as well as a tax regulation mechanism to encourage the usage of bio-fuels

Country policy profile - Croatia. February 2015

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2015-02-01

Promotion of renewable energy sources has an important place in the national energy policy of Croatia. The energy policy is set in an Energy Act where a basis for exploitation of renewable energy sources is set. The objectives for 2020 are set in Energy Strategy adopted in 2009. It obliges the Croatia to encourage the future use of RES and to achieve a higher percentage of primary use of RES in the heating sector. The production of electricity from renewable energy sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff and loans. The Croatian Bank for Development and Reconstruction and the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency operate a loan scheme for RES-E projects. In past renewable energy sources for heating hadn't been promoted by the state so far. Currently, a support scheme for RES heating from biomass is in progress. The main promotion scheme in the field of RES-T is a bio-fuel quota obligation. Additionally, the state provides a subsidy for producers of bio-fuels as well as a tax regulation mechanism to encourage the usage of bio-fuels

Country policy profile - Croatia. October 2014

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2014-10-01

Promotion of renewable energy sources has an important place in the national energy policy of Croatia. The energy policy is set in an Energy Act where a basis for exploitation of renewable energy sources is set. The objectives for 2020 are set in Energy Strategy adopted in 2009. It obliges the Croatia to encourage the future use of RES and to achieve a higher percentage of primary use of RES in the heating sector. The production of electricity from renewable energy sources is promoted through a feed-in tariff and loans. The Croatian Bank for Development and Reconstruction and the Fund for Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency operate a loan scheme for RES-E projects. In past renewable energy sources for heating hadn't been promoted by the state so far. Currently, a support scheme for RES heating from biomass is in progress. The main promotion scheme in the field of RES-T is a bio-fuel quota obligation. Additionally, the state provides a subsidy for producers of bio-fuels as well as a tax regulation mechanism to encourage the usage of bio-fuels

13 CFR 107.810 - Financings in the form of Loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Financings in the form of Loans... INVESTMENT COMPANIES Financing of Small Businesses by Licensees Structuring Licensee's Financing of Eligible Small Businesses: Types of Financing § 107.810 Financings in the form of Loans. You may make Loans to...

7 CFR 3575.80 - Interest rate changes after loan closing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Interest rate changes after loan closing. 3575.80..., DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL Community Programs Guaranteed Loans § 3575.80 Interest rate changes after...) may collectively effect a permanent reduction in the interest rate on the guaranteed loan at any time...

Of religion and redemption : Evidence from default on Islamic loans

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baele, L.T.M.; Farooq, Moazzam; Ongena, S.R.G.

We compare default rates on conventional and Islamic loans using a comprehensive monthly dataset from Pakistan that follows more than 150,000 loans over the period 2006:04 to 2008:12. We find robust evidence that the default rate on Islamic loans is less than half the default rate on conventional

13 CFR 120.391 - What is the Builders Loan Program?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false What is the Builders Loan Program? 120.391 Section 120.391 Business Credit and Assistance SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BUSINESS LOANS...)(9) of the Act, SBA may make or guarantee loans to finance small general contractors to construct or...

42 CFR 57.1507 - Limitations applicable to loan guarantee.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... FOR CONSTRUCTION OF TEACHING FACILITIES, EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENTS, SCHOLARSHIPS AND STUDENT LOANS Loan Guarantees and Interest Subsidies to Assist in Construction of Teaching Facilities for Health Profession...

12 CFR 591.3 - Loans originated by Federal savings associations.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans originated by Federal savings... PREEMPTION OF STATE DUE-ON-SALE LAWS § 591.3 Loans originated by Federal savings associations. (a) With regard to any real property loan originated or to be originated by a Federal savings association, as a...

25 CFR 103.15 - Are there any prohibited loan terms?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... otherwise lawful, a tribe may provide as loan security an assignment of trust income from a specific source. ... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Are there any prohibited loan terms? 103.15 Section 103.15 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES LOAN GUARANTY...

7 CFR 1435.103 - Availability, disbursement, and maturity of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... information as prescribed by CCC of the commodity to be pledged as collateral; (4) Pay CCC a loan service fee... on sugar or in-process sugar pledged as loan collateral, obtain waivers that fully protect CCC's... produced and are otherwise established as being eligible to be pledged as loan collateral. (c)(1) A...

7 CFR 1951.16 - Other servicing actions on real estate type loan accounts.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

...) Installment on note and other charges—(1) Direct loan accounts. For a borrower with a direct loan, the term... loan accounts. “Loan insurance charge” means a separate insurance charge applying to FO and SW insured... loans evidenced by note forms bearing a form date of January 8, 1959, or later, the insurance charge is...

7 CFR 1427.7 - Maturity of loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... than the last day of the 9th calendar month following the month in which the note and security agreement is filed under § 1427.5(a). (2) CCC may at any time accelerate the loan maturity date by providing... cotton may have in excess of the amount of the loan, plus interest and charges. (c) Following written...

7 CFR 762.130 - Loan approval and issuing the guarantee.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... complete until all information required to make an approval decision, including the information for an... lender's loan or line of credit conditions and requirements since submission of the application (except... compensation, and personal life insurance (when required) are in effect; (iii) Truth in lending requirements...

Circulation policies in health science libraries.

Science.gov (United States)

Watkins, C; Coker, N C

1970-10-01

There is general agreement that library policies have considerable influence on the use of libraries. Medical school (health science) libraries of this country were surveyed as to their policies in respect to whether faculty and student use were regulated by a single policy, circulation regulations, hours library was accessible to users, accessibility of reserve material, interlibrary loan, policy on overdue material, and exit control. THE LIBRARIES WERE THEN DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS, HIGH, MIDDLE, AND LOW ACCORDING TO THE FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS: size of student body, size of faculty, size of holdings, size of library staff, annual budget, and annual circulation. Our findings would indicate that schools falling in a high category based upon these criteria tend to be more restrictive in their policies and to have different regulations for faculty and students than do schools in the low category.These findings warrant further study.

Calculating the Probability of Returning a Loan with Binary Probability Models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julian Vasilev

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to give a new approach in calculating the probability of returning a loan. A lot of factors affect the value of the probability. In this article by using statistical and econometric models some influencing factors are proved. The main approach is concerned with applying probit and logit models in loan management institutions. A new aspect of the credit risk analysis is given. Calculating the probability of returning a loan is a difficult task. We assume that specific data fields concerning the contract (month of signing, year of signing, given sum and data fields concerning the borrower of the loan (month of birth, year of birth (age, gender, region, where he/she lives may be independent variables in a binary logistics model with a dependent variable “the probability of returning a loan”. It is proved that the month of signing a contract, the year of signing a contract, the gender and the age of the loan owner do not affect the probability of returning a loan. It is proved that the probability of returning a loan depends on the sum of contract, the remoteness of the loan owner and the month of birth. The probability of returning a loan increases with the increase of the given sum, decreases with the proximity of the customer, increases for people born in the beginning of the year and decreases for people born at the end of the year.

A Basic Library for Savings and Loan Associations: A Bibliography.

Science.gov (United States)

Westfall, Elizabeth W.; Zimmerman, Anne R.

Recognizing that current and reliable sources of information are necessary for effective management and decision making, librarians of the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco and the Federal Home Loan Bank in Seattle prepared this booklet listing what they feel are the basic books and periodicals essential to a savings and loan library…

Analysis of Default Risk of Agricultural Loan by Some Selected ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... to reduce default rate and loan diversions since members can serve as watch dog to each other. Banks should also prevent unnecessary delay in loan disbursement to allow for timely use of the loan. Banks should also explore the Agricultural credit guarantee scheme (ACGS) to offset part of the risk in case of default.

Microcredit Contracts, Risk Diversification and Loan Take-Up

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Attanasio, O.; Augsburg, B.; de Haas, Ralph

2016-01-01

We study theoretically and empirically the demand for microcredit under different liability arrangements and risk environments. A simple theoretical model shows that the demand for joint-liability loans can exceed that for individual-liability loans when risk-averse borrowers value their long-term

12 CFR 584.4 - Certain acquisitions by savings and loan holding companies.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certain acquisitions by savings and loan... TREASURY SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES § 584.4 Certain acquisitions by savings and loan holding companies. (a) Acquisitions by a savings and loan holding company of more than five percent of a non...

“Time for a Change”: Loan conditions and bank behavior when firms switch banks

OpenAIRE

Ongena, Steven; Ioannidou, Vasso

2010-01-01

This paper studies loan conditions when firms switch banks. Recent theoretical work on bank–firm relationships motivates our matching models. The dynamic cycle of the loan rate that we uncover is as follows: a loan granted by a new (outside) bank carries a loan rate that is significantly lower than the rates on comparable new loans from the firm's current (inside) banks. The new bank initially decreases the loan rate further but eventually ratchets it up sharply. Other loan conditions follow ...

7 CFR 1436.9 - Loan amount and loan application approvals.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... approving authority to be ineligible for loan. (c) The maximum total principal amount of the farm storage... facility; (ii) By a yield determined reasonable by the county committee; (iii) Multiply by two (for 2 years... first time. (e) When a storage structure has a larger capacity than the applicant's needed capacity, as...

Business cycle effects on commercial bank loan portfolio performance in developing economies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jack Glen

2011-04-01

Full Text Available This paper studies the effects of business cycles on the performance of commercial bank loan portfolios across major developing economies in the period 1996–2008. We measure loan performance via loan loss provisions (that is, recognized expenses related to expected losses in bank income statements. Our results indicate that while economic growth is the main driver of loan portfolio performance, interest rates have second-order effects. Furthermore, we find the relationship between loan loss provisions and economic growth to be highly non-linear only under extreme economic stress: GDP growth needs to decline by more than 6 percentage points (pp, in absolute terms in order to generate an increase in loan loss provisions equivalent to median emerging market bank profits; while a decline of more than 10 pp in growth implies significant capital losses, of at least 20 percent, for the median emerging market bank. In addition, we find higher loan loss provisions are associated with private sector leverage, poor loan portfolio quality, and lack of banking system penetration and capitalization.

Can Equity Volatility Explain the Global Loan Pricing Puzzle?

OpenAIRE

Lewis Gaul; Pinar Uysal

2013-01-01

This paper examines whether unobservable differences in firm volatility are responsible for the global loan pricing puzzle, which is the observation that corporate loan interest rates appear to be lower in Europe than in the United States. We analyze whether equity volatility, an error prone measure of firm volatility, can explain this difference in loan spreads. We show that using equity volatility in OLS regressions will result in biased and inconsistent estimates of the difference in U.S. ...

11 CFR 100.111 - Gift, subscription, loan, advance or deposit of money.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 11 Federal Elections 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Gift, subscription, loan, advance or deposit of... DEFINITIONS (2 U.S.C. 431) Definition of Expenditure (2 U.S.C. 431(9)) § 100.111 Gift, subscription, loan, advance or deposit of money. (a) A purchase, payment, distribution, loan (except for a loan made in...

The legality of unilateral increase of interest rate in banking loan contracts under Serbian law

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dudaš Atila I.

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The economic crisis spread in 2008 through the world and reached Serbia, rendered the repayment of banking loans indexed in foreign currencies, mostly in CHF at the time, even more difficult. The growing number of non-performing loans inevitably led to an increase in number of the court proceedings in which the debtors made attempts to have the loan contracts declared null and void. In these proceedings, the courts needed to take a stand on some typical clauses in loan contracts and on some banking practices that the debtors considered to be contrary to the principle of good faith, which, before the crisis, was hardly ever given judicial epilogue. In the majority of cases, two types of clauses proved to be unlawful: a clause establishing a right of the bank to subsequently, i.e. after the formation of the contract, and unilaterally, i.e. without a specific consent of the debtor, change (regularly increase the interest rate for the remainder of the credit period; and a clause establishing the right of the bank to apply different exchange rates, i.e. the buying rate to the disbursement of the loan, and the selling rate to the value of credit installments. These clauses certainly existed even before the crisis, but the difficulties in performing the loans caused by the crisis was the social propelling force that brought these cases within the sight of the judiciary. In this paper the author analyzes the reaction of courts, and subsequently that of the legislator, to the clause in loan contracts entitling the bank to unilaterally increase the variable interest rate after the formation of contract. The application of this clause was usually conditioned on significant changes in international financial markets or changes in the costs of the sources of financing, while in some cases the conditions of the application of the clause were simply changes in the business policy of the bank or the need to operate with profit. In any case, these are

78 FR 65767 - Student Assistance General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-11-01

... Assistance General Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan Program, Federal Family Education Loan Program, and... Provisions, Federal Perkins Loan (Perkins Loan) Program, Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program, and... Vol. 78 Friday, No. 212 November 1, 2013 Part II Department of Education 34 CFR Parts 668, 674...

77 FR 20890 - Proposed Information Collection (Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loan Worksheet) Activity...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-04-06

... (Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loan Worksheet) Activity: Comment Request AGENCY: Veterans Benefits... to determine whether lenders computed the loan amount on interest rate reduction refinancing loans.... Title: Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loan Worksheet, VA Form 26-8923. OMB Control Number: 2900...

Strategic loan defaults and coordination : An experimental analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Trautmann, S.T.; Vlahu, R.

2013-01-01

This paper experimentally studies the impact of bank and borrower fundamentals on loan repayment. We find that solvent borrowers are more likely to default strategically when the bank’s expected strength is low, although loan repayment is a Pareto dominant Nash equilibrium. Borrowers are also less

76 FR 29147 - Federal Home Loan Bank Investments

Science.gov (United States)

2011-05-20

...-AA32 Federal Home Loan Bank Investments AGENCY: Federal Housing Finance Agency; Federal Housing Finance...-adopting existing investment regulations that apply to the Federal Home Loan Banks (Banks) and that were...' investment in mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and certain asset-backed securities (ABS) that were previously...

77 FR 4927 - Loan Workouts and Nonaccrual Policy, and Regulatory Reporting of Troubled Debt Restructured Loans

Science.gov (United States)

2012-02-01

... Restructuring'' is as defined in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and means a restructuring in... definition of a TDR under GAAP. In addition, it is important to recognize the Financial Accounting Standards... accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the Board does not intend through this policy to change the...

A Document Imaging Technique for Implementing Electronic Loan Approval Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. Manikandan

2015-04-01

Full Text Available The image processing is one of the leading technologies of computer applications. Image processing is a type of signal processing, the input for image processor is an image or video frame and the output will be an image or subset of image [1]. Computer graphics and computer vision process uses an image processing techniques. Image processing systems are used in various environments like medical fields, computer-aided design (CAD, research fields, crime investigation fields and military fields. In this paper, we proposed a document image processing technique, for establishing electronic loan approval process (E-LAP [2]. Loan approval process has been tedious process, the E-LAP system attempts to reduce the complexity of loan approval process. Customers have to login to fill the loan application form online with all details and submit the form. The loan department then processes the submitted form and then sends an acknowledgement mail via the E-LAP to the requested customer with the details about list of documents required for the loan approval process [3]. The approaching customer can upload the scanned copies of all required documents. All this interaction between customer and bank take place using an E-LAP system.

75 FR 22681 - Prohibited Service at Savings and Loan Holding Companies

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-29

... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Prohibited Service at Savings and Loan... concerning the following information collection: Title of Proposal: Prohibited Service at Savings and Loan... with a savings and loan holding company (SLHC), the SLHC or the individual will need to apply to the...

Dilemma of deposit insurance policy in ASEAN countries: Does it promote banking industry stability or moral hazard?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suhal Kusairi

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The goal of this article is to investigate the influence of deposit insurance policy on the stability of the banking industry. Stability is measured by the ratio of retail deposits to total assets and the ratio of loans to total assets to cover both positive and negative impacts, and deposit insurance policy is assessed in various stages. The survey uses a data panel of 127 commercial banks from 2000 to 2013 in six member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN. Using a dynamic panel data investigation, we obtain results showing that the implementation of deposit insurance policy negatively affects the ratio of retail deposits to total assets while positively influencing the ratio of loans to total assets. This is an important finding, as it implies that deposit insurance policy causes bank managers to take greater risks to increase their returns, rather than increasing the confidence level of depositors and ultimately increasing total deposits. This result is important for regulators as they evaluate deposit insurance policy and anticipate any negative outcomes that might follow.

7 CFR 3560.67 - Rates and terms for section 515 loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... housing, loans will be amortized over a period not to exceed the lesser of the economic life of the... Section 3560.67 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Direct Loan and Grant Origination...

7 CFR 3560.455 - Special servicing actions related to loan accounts.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... loan security is sold and there is a need to reestablish the financial stability of the housing project... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Special servicing actions related to loan accounts... HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE DIRECT MULTI-FAMILY HOUSING LOANS AND GRANTS Special Servicing...

7 CFR 4280.23 - Requirements for lending from Revolving Loan Fund.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... security and recovery of loan losses must provide for the pro rata recovery and distribution between the... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Requirements for lending from Revolving Loan Fund... BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE AND RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LOANS AND GRANTS Rural...

12 CFR 584.2a - Exempt savings and loan holding companies and grandfathered activities.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Exempt savings and loan holding companies and... THE TREASURY SAVINGS AND LOAN HOLDING COMPANIES § 584.2a Exempt savings and loan holding companies and grandfathered activities. (a) Exempt savings and loan holding companies. (1) The following savings and loan...

7 CFR 1717.853 - Loan terms and conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Accommodations and Subordinations for 100 Percent Private Financing § 1717.853 Loan terms and conditions. (a) Terms and conditions. A loan, bond or other financing instrument, for which a lien accommodation or... also waive its right of approval in other cases. RUS's decision to waive its right of approval will...

The Influence of Bi Rate to the Distribution of Working Capital Loans

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dian Kurnianingrum

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This research “The influence of BI rate to the distribution of working capital loans" is conducted at Indonesian commercial bank during the month of January 2005 until May 2009. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of BI rate toward the distribution of working capital loans. To test the research hypotheses, the data were analyzed by using Pearson correlate and simple linear regression. Based on research, BI rate significantly influence the distribution of working capital loans. BI rate gives a negative impact to the distribution of working capital loans. It means, the increase in BI rate will decrease the distribution of working capital loans, and vice versa, the decrease in BI rate will increase the distribution of working capital loans.

12 CFR 221.108 - Effect of registration of stock subsequent to making of loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... than the maximum loan value for the collateral specified in this part. (c) If the stock should become... increase the amount of the loan balance unless there was provided additional collateral having a maximum... value of the loan collateral or because of a decrease by the Board in the maximum loan value of the loan...

76 FR 33028 - Agency Information Collection (Requirements for Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loans...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-07

... (Requirements for Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loans) Activity Under OMB Review AGENCY: Veterans Benefits...: Requirements for Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loans. OMB Control Number: 2900-0601. Type of Review..., insured, or direct loan with a new loan at a lower interest rate provided that the veteran still owns the...

Loans may keep CERN collider on target

CERN Multimedia

Abbott, A

1996-01-01

The European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) is considering taking out bank loans to fund its Large Hadron Collider project. CERN officials are evaluating this option in view of the German government's decision to substantially reduce its annual contributions to the project. They state that the bank loans may be the only way to complete the project by the year 2005, especially if other contributing nations follow Germany's lead.

Monetary policy and insolvency of economic sector

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tepavac Rajko

2012-03-01

Full Text Available The main task of monetary policy of our central bank is to achieve and preserve stability of prices and currency. Targeted inflation rate has been chosen as operating instrument for gradual realization of low and stable inflation, along with elimination of inflation expectations. Also, a specific inflation corridor is chosen to ensure operations, transparency and ex ante effects of monetary policy. The paper presents analysis on whether there really is a restrictive monetary policy, deflections of real inflation from the programmed one, level of 'restrictiveness' of monetary policy and behavior of bank loans, money supply, nominal and real economic growth. Analysis is carried out and criticism of concepts of monetary regulation of mandatory bank reserves, blocking of financial bank potential through monetary regulation instruments, but also relations between central and business banks through open market policy. Criticism of repo operations and complete disappearance of selective credit policy is provided as well. The problem of almost embedded insolvency of economic sector is highlighted.

13 CFR 120.434 - What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... satisfactory SBA performance, as determined by SBA in its discretion. The Lender's Risk Rating, among other... BUSINESS LOANS Lenders Other Conveyances § 120.434 What are SBA's requirements for loan pledges? (a) Except... 7(a) loan, which consent SBA may withhold in its sole discretion; (b) The Lender must be in good...

13 CFR 120.1860 - How will the SISMBD Loan be disbursed?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... other Collateral required by SBA and verification of the required first lien position. SBA will advance... less. Thus, if the loan is purchased at a discount to the principal balance, SBA will not advance more... SISMBD requests an advance under its SISMBD Loan, it will submit a written Loan Advance Request Form to...

DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR FROM MOLDOVA THROUGH AGRICULTURE LOANS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aliona SARGO

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Financial institutions present on the market become more attentive when they have to give loans to the agriculture sector. The lack of necessary guarantees the low profit registered in agricultural district, economy instability and other things had and continue to have a negative impact on the evolution of agricultural sector, this being seen as one with a high level of risk. Commercial banks use less own funds for lending to agriculture and especially when the loans are guaranteed from various funds, programs or foreign donor agencies. Farmers find it difficult to bank loans because of collateral amount required is too high. However, commercial banks in Moldova provide agricultural loans, thus increasing the economic efficiency of agriculture.

34 CFR 682.209 - Repayment of a loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... combined into one account and repaid under one repayment schedule. In that event, the word “loan” in this... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Repayment of a loan. 682.209 Section 682.209 Education..., DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOAN (FFEL) PROGRAM General Provisions § 682.209 Repayment...

7 CFR 2201.28 - Participation in guaranteed Loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Participation in guaranteed Loans. (a) Subject to paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) of this section, a Lender may distribute the risk of a portion of a Loan guaranteed under the Program by sale of participations therein if... in part as a result of the sale of such participations; (2) The Lender remains solely responsible for...

24 CFR 236.253 - Premiums-operating loss loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Obligations for Mortgage Insurance § 236.253 Premiums—operating loss loans. All of the provisions of § 207.252a of this chapter relating to mortgage insurance premiums on operating loss loans shall apply to... Act the mortgage insurance premiums due in accordance with § 207.252a shall be calculated on the basis...

5 CFR 1655.3 - Information concerning the cost of a loan.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information concerning the cost of a loan... § 1655.3 Information concerning the cost of a loan. Information concerning the cost of a loan is provided... office or service, or from the TSP record keeper). From this information, a participant can determine the...

Options to Change Interest Rates and Other Terms on Student Loans

Science.gov (United States)

Congressional Budget Office, 2013

2013-01-01

The Federal Direct Student Loan Program offers loans to students and their parents to help pay for postsecondary education. Under current law, about $1.4 trillion in new direct loans will be made to students between 2013 and 2023, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projects. Analysts and policymakers have raised concerns about various features…

12 CFR 7.2019 - Loans secured by a bank's own shares.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Loans secured by a bank's own shares. 7.2019... AND OPERATIONS Corporate Practices § 7.2019 Loans secured by a bank's own shares. (a) Permitted... the bank's custody. (b) Use of capital notes and debentures. A national bank may not make loans...

17 CFR 210.12-29 - Mortgage loans on real estate. 1

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Mortgage loans on real estate... § 210.12-29 Mortgage loans on real estate. 1 [For Certain Real Estate Companies] Column A—Description 2... amount of the extended mortgages, explain. 7 If any item of mortgage loans on real estate investments has...

7 CFR 1401.3 - Payments to persons with outstanding CCC loans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... sell to CCC a quantity of the commodity pledged as collateral for a CCC loan, as determined by CCC, in... loan collateral the person shall be required to redeem in order to receive payment. The purchase price... the subsequent sale to CCC of the commodity pledged as collateral for such CCC loan, CCC shall make...

Energy efficient policy impact in India: case study of investment in industrial energy efficiency

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, M.

2006-01-01

The objective of this paper is to identify the effectiveness of energy policy and capital investment in energy efficiency technologies in the industrial sector in India. Indian energy policies relating to industrial energy efficiency over the past 25 years are briefly reviewed, and a comparison study of these energy efficiency policies and strategies in India and China has been carried out. Interviews were conducted with a number of government policy-making institutions and a national industrial development bank. The accounts of 26 industrial enterprises which applied and used a loan of the Asian Development Bank were audited for data collection. Field-visits to seven industrial entrepreneurs were undertaken in a case study. Methodologies used in this study include documentation, cross-country reviews on energy policies, questionnaire design and distribution in the industrial sector, and on-site auditing of energy efficiency technologies. This paper concludes that current energy policies and strategies in India need further improvement to promote energy efficiency investment and energy efficiency technology development in the industrial sector. This paper will interest those policy makers and industrial entrepreneurs who are willing to finance energy efficiency projects and improve energy efficiency in the industrial sector. (author)

Energy efficiency policy impact in India: case study of investment in industrial energy efficiency

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Ming

2006-01-01

The objective of this paper is to identify the effectiveness of energy policy and capital investment in energy efficiency technologies in the industrial sector in India. Indian energy policies relating to industrial energy efficiency over the past 25 years are briefly reviewed, and a comparison study of these energy efficiency policies and strategies in India and China has been carried out. Interviews were conducted with a number of government policy-making institutions and a national industrial development bank. The accounts of 26 industrial enterprises which applied and used a loan of the Asian Development Bank were audited for data collection. Field-visits to seven industrial entrepreneurs were undertaken in a case study. Methodologies used in this study include documentation, cross-country reviews on energy policies, questionnaire design and distribution in the industrial sector, and on-site auditing of energy efficiency technologies. This paper concludes that current energy policies and strategies in India need further improvement to promote energy efficiency investment and energy efficiency technology development in the industrial sector. This paper will interest those policy makers and industrial entrepreneurs who are willing to finance energy efficiency projects and improve energy efficiency in the industrial sector

Managing Bad Loans of Domestic Banks under Modern Economic Conditions

OpenAIRE

Bolhar Tetyana M.

2014-01-01

The article considers main methods of management of bad bank loans under modern economic conditions, conducts analysis of internal and external banking methods used by Ukrainian banks, and specifies and identifies their advantages and shortcomings. In the result of the study the article analyses in detail the use of the methods of rehabilitation and liquidation of bad loans. It considers organisation of internal and external banking methods of liquidation of bad loans, considers mechanism of ...

Credit securitization and credit derivatives: Financial instruments and the credit risk management of middle market commercial loan portfolios

OpenAIRE

Henke, Sabine; Burghof, Hans-Peter; Rudolph, Bernd

1998-01-01

Banks increasingly recognize the need to measure and manage the credit risk of their loans on a portfolio basis. We address the subportfolio "middle market". Due to their specific lending policy for this market segment it is an important task for banks to systematically identify regional and industrial credit concentrations and reduce the detected concentrations through diversification. In recent years, the development of markets for credit securitization and credit derivatives has provided n...

12 CFR 709.12 - Prepayment fees to Federal Home Loan Bank.

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