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  1. 21 CFR 120.8 - Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 21 Food and Drugs 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP... SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions § 120.8 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan. (a) HACCP plan. Each...

  2. 21 CFR 123.6 - Hazard analysis and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... Control Point (HACCP) plan. 123.6 Section 123.6 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... Provisions § 123.6 Hazard analysis and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan. (a) Hazard... fish or fishery product being processed in the absence of those controls. (b) The HACCP plan. Every...

  3. Potential biological hazard of importance for HACCP plans in fresh fish processing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Baltić Milan Ž.

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP system is scientifically based and focused on problem prevention in order to assure the produced food products are safe to consume. Prerequisite programs such as GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices, GHP (Good Hygienic Practices are an essential foundation for the development and implementation of successful HACCP plans. One of the preliminary tasks in the development of HACCP plan is to conduct a hazard analysis. The process of conducting a hazard analysis involves two stages. The first is hazard identification and the second stage is the HACCP team decision which potential hazards must be addressed in the HACCP plan. By definition, the HACCP concept covers all types of potential food safety hazards: biological, chemical and physical, whether they are naturally occurring in the food, contributed by the environment or generated by a mistake in the manufacturing process. In raw fish processing, potential significant biological hazards which are reasonably likely to cause illness of humans are parasites (Trematodae, Nematodae, Cestodae, bacteria (Salmonella, E. coli, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium botulinum, Staphyloccocus aureus, viruses (Norwalk virus, Entero virusesi, Hepatitis A, Rotovirus and bio-toxins. Upon completion of hazard analysis, any measure(s that are used to control the hazard(s should be described.

  4. [Design of a HACCP Plan for the Gouda-type cheesemaking process in a milk processing plant].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dávila, Jacqueline; Reyes, Genara; Corzo, Otoniel

    2006-03-01

    The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a preventive and systematic method used to identify, assess and control of the hazards related with raw material, ingredients, processing, marketing and intended consumer in order to assure the safety of the food. The aim of this study was to design a HACCP plan for implementing in a Gouda-type cheese-making process in a dairy processing plant. The used methodology was based in the application of the seven principles of the HACCP, the information from the plant about the compliment of the pre-requisite programs (70-80%), the experience of the HACCP team and the sequence of stages settles down by the COVENIN standard 3802 for implementing the HACCP system. A HACCP plan was proposed with the scope, the selection of HACCP team, the description of the product and the intended use, the flow diagram of the process, the hazard analysis and the control table of the plan with the critical control points (CCP). The following CCP were identified in the process: pasteurization, coagulation and ripening.

  5. DESARROLLO DE UN INSTRUMENTO PARA EVALUAR PRERREQUISITOS EN EL SISTEMA HACCP DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UM INSTRUMENTO PARA AVALIAR PRÉ-REQUISITOS NO SISTEMA HACCP DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTRUMENT TO EVALUATE PREREQUISITES TO HACCP SYSTEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    NELSON GUTIÉRREZ

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta la construcción y validación inicial del instrumento GHYCAL (Gestión de la Higiene y Calidad, aplicable en el diagnóstico de los 7 planes previos de higiene y trazabilidad, necesarios para implantar un protocolo Análisis de Peligros y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP en cualquier empresa del sector agroalimentario. Para su construcción se elaboró un primer instrumento que contenía 78 criterios relacionados con gestión de la higiene en la industria agroalimentaria, que fue sometido a un proceso de validación de contenido por expertos conocedores de temas relacionados con inocuidad, seguridad alimentaria e higiene de alimentos, utilizando la metodología conocida como sesiones Delphi; posteriormente, se realizó el cálculo de confiabilidad utilizando como medida de consistencia interna el coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, mediante la aplicación del instrumento en 53 empresas del sector agroalimentario; por último, se determinó la validez de criterio, comparando los resultados de aplicación del instrumento GHYCAL con los resultados de aplicación del instrumento Safety and Quality on Food (S&Q, en las mismas 53 empresas del sector agroalimentario. El instrumento final compuesto por 77 ítems contenidos en 7 sets de preguntas que corresponden a los mismos prerrequisitos establecidos en el protocolo HACCP, obtuvo valores de alfa de Cronbach entre 0,83 y 0,94 para los sets de preguntas y de 0,98 para el total del cuestionario, con respecto a la evidencia relacionada con el criterio, los resultados similares permiten adoptar el concepto de validez concurrente.Neste artigo se apresenta a construção e validação inicial do instrumento GHYCAL (Gestão da Higiene e Qualidade; aplicável no diagnóstico dos 7 planos prévios de higiene e rastreabilidade, necessários para implantar um protocolo de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (HACCP em qualquer empresa do setor agroalimentício. Para a sua

  6. HACCP and water safety plans in Icelandic water supply: preliminary evaluation of experience.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gunnarsdóttir, María J; Gissurarson, Loftur R

    2008-09-01

    Icelandic waterworks first began implementing hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) as a preventive approach for water safety management in 1997. Since then implementation has been ongoing and currently about 68% of the Icelandic population enjoy drinking water from waterworks with a water safety plan based on HACCP. Preliminary evaluation of the success of HACCP implementation was undertaken in association with some of the waterworks that had implemented HACCP. The evaluation revealed that compliance with drinking water quality standards improved considerably following the implementation of HACCP. In response to their findings, waterworks implemented a large number of corrective actions to improve water safety. The study revealed some limitations for some, but not all, waterworks in relation to inadequate external and internal auditing and a lack of oversight by health authorities. Future studies should entail a more comprehensive study of the experience with the use of HACCP with the purpose of developing tools to promote continuing success.

  7. Design of a HACCP plan for the industrial process of vacuum-packed frozen surimi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Catarina Fernandes

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP is a system that enables identification, assessment and control of hazards related with production, processing, distribution in order to get safe food. The aim of this study was to design a HACCP plan for implementing in a processing line of vacuum-packed frozen surimi. Surimi is made from fisheries byproducts that may have initial unattractive characteristics and whose industrial processing adds commercial value. Heterogeneous quality of raw products and the high complexity of the industrial flowchart may induce problems in the final sanitary profile of surimi. The methodology was based in the evaluation of the pre-requisite programs, risk evaluation of considered hazards, the application of principles of HACCP and the compliance with European regulations. A HACCP plan is proposed with the scope, the selection of HACCP team, product description and its intended use, the flow diagram of the process, hazard analysis and identification of Critical Control Points (CCP, monitoring system, correction actions and records. The potential hazards identified were: excess of chloride (chemical, remains of fishbone (physical and growth of human-related pathogens after defrosting (biological. The control measures of CCP are referred as control of time-temperature and pH in pre-wash and defrosting stages and visual inspection during depulping process.

  8. Implantação do HACCP na indústria de alimentos Implementation of the HACCP in the food industry

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Veruschka Franca de Figueiredo

    2001-04-01

    Full Text Available O conceito da Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC é uma abordagem sistemática para garantir a segurança do alimento. O método é baseado em vários princípios diferentes de detecção direta ou indireta de contaminação. O objetivo é controlar a segurança do alimento analisando os perigos em potencial, planejando o sistema para evitar problemas, envolvendo os operadores em tomada de decisão e registro das ocorrências. O conceito da HACCP (APPCC deveria ser aplicado em conjunto com as Boas Práticas de Fabricação. Este artigo discute a importância da HACCP (APPCC na Indústria de Biscoito e que tipo de contaminação é o ponto fraco neste produto. A experiência indicou que existem diversos problemas iniciais na implementação da HACCP, contudo benefícios tangíveis podem ser alcançados a partir da redução das reclamações do consumidor.The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP concept is a systematic approach to ensuring food safety. The method is based on several different principles of direct or indirect detection of contamination. The objective is to control food safety by analyzing the potential hazards, designing the system to prevent problems, involving the operators in decision making and documenting events. HACCP concepts should be applied together with Good Manufacturing Practices. This paper discusses the importance of HACCP in Biscuit Industry and what kind of contamination is a weak point in this product. The results indicated that there are several initial problems in implementing HACCP, however tangible benefits can be achieved through reduced customer complaints.

  9. [Design of an HACCP program for a cocoa processing facility].

    Science.gov (United States)

    López D'Sola, Patrizia; Sandia, María Gabriela; Bou Rached, Lizet; Hernández Serrano, Pilar

    2012-12-01

    The HACCP plan is a food safety management tool used to control physical, chemical and biological hazards associated to food processing through all the processing chain. The aim of this work is to design a HACCP Plan for a Venezuelan cocoa processing facility.The production of safe food products requires that the HACCP system be built upon a solid foundation of prerequisite programs such as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOP). The existence and effectiveness of these prerequisite programs were previously assessed.Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) audit to cocoa nibs suppliers were performed. To develop the HACCP plan, the five preliminary tasks and the seven HACCP principles were accomplished according to Codex Alimentarius procedures. Three Critical Control Points (CCP) were identified using a decision tree: winnowing (control of ochratoxin A), roasting (Salmonella control) and metallic particles detection. For each CCP, Critical limits were established, the Monitoring procedures, Corrective actions, Procedures for Verification and Documentation concerning all procedures and records appropriate to these principles and their application was established. To implement and maintain a HACCP plan for this processing plant is suggested. Recently OchratoxinA (OTA) has been related to cocoa beans. Although the shell separation from the nib has been reported as an effective measure to control this chemical hazard, ochratoxin prevalence study in cocoa beans produced in the country is recommended, and validate the winnowing step as well

  10. Implementation of HACCP system in production of Paški cheese

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Šime Gligora

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Since August 2006 all participants in Republic of Croatia dealing with the food have an obligation to introduce Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Point (HACCP system. Therefore, all producers of dairy products, as well as registered producers of Paški cheese have to implement HACCP system in their facilities. The aim of this work is to describe implementation and use of HACCP system in «Sirena - mala sirana» which is a small-scale cheese factory situated in a place Kolan on the island of Pag. For this reason, EU and Croatian legislative related to HACCP system is firstly described. After that, procedure of certification is presented, as well as prerequisite programsof the system which are the base for successful implementation of the HACCP system. Furthermore, appliance of HACCP in Paški cheese production through system’s documentation is described. Flow diagram is presented, analysis of hazardous and determination of critical control points is described trough defined production processes. Next, control, monitoring and corrective measures for production processes are described. Finally, HACCP plan and Standard Sanitation Operative Procedures (SSOP are presented. Besides that, traceability system and training plan are shown, as well as all required record lists and other documentation for HACCP system. With implementation of the HACCP system in «Sirena» cheese facility, general hygiene was improved as well as hygiene of equipment and personnel. Risk of product contamination is reduced to a minimum level. With effective management of control measures and records, quality of produced Paški cheese was also improved

  11. Foods hygiene management according to HACCP.; HACCP ni yoru shokuhin eisei kanri

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Seki, T [Niigata Enginering Co., Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

    2000-11-01

    New foods hygiene management system HACCP(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) was explained, which prevents food poisoning. Followings are described; (1) Outline of HACCP, (2) History of HAPPC, (3) Process to perform HACCP, (4) Infrastructure for HACCP, (5) How to promote HACCP, (6) Certification system in Japan. HACCP secures the safety in foods hygiene by making rules of Critical Control Points (CCP) on foods hygiene and by administrating strictly their performance. Details of works, frequency and person in charge of the work and methods to confirm and record the work are prescribed in PP (Prerequisite Program) and SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operation Procedure). (NEDO)

  12. Hygienic-sanitary working practices and implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP plan in lobster processing industries

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Farias da Fonseca

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to verify the hygienic-sanitary working practices and to create and implement a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP in two lobster processing industries in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The industries studied process frozen whole lobsters, frozen whole cooked lobsters, and frozen lobster tails for exportation. The application of the hygienic-sanitary checklist in the industries analyzed achieved conformity rates over 96% to the aspects evaluated. The use of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP plan resulted in the detection of two critical control points (CCPs including the receiving and classification steps in the processing of frozen lobster and frozen lobster tails, and an additional critical control point (CCP was detected during the cooking step of processing of the whole frozen cooked lobster. The proper implementation of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP plan in the lobster processing industries studied proved to be the safest and most cost-effective method to monitor each critical control point (CCP hazards.

  13. Analysing the Logic and Rigor in the Process of Verification of HACCP Plan%论验证HACCP计划过程中的逻辑性和严密性

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    秦红

    2013-01-01

    HACCP体系是一种系统性的食品安全预防控制体系,现已经越来越受到出口食品加工企业的重视,在许多企业中广泛运用并且质量提升效果明显。但是随着HACCP的不断发展,无论国内外官方有无要求,正有越来越多的企业申请HACCP验证或认证。现在企业制订HACCP计划,基本是采用美国国家水产品HACCP培训和教育联盟编写的“HACCP教程”给出的模式,但这种模式的要求是非常严格的。笔者将从逻辑性和严密性两个方面论证此模式下的HACCP计划的验证。旨在帮助指导审核人员完善HACCP计划验证过程,确保HACCP计划的有效实施。%HACCP system is a systematic preventive food safety control system, nowadays,the export food processing enterprises pay more and more attention to it , which has been widely used in many enterprises and the quality improvement effect is obvious. But with the development of HACCP , more and more enterprises apply for HACCP verification or certification. Basically , the enterprise use the model of the"HACCP Guidance"writing by the SHA, to make its HACCP plan, however. This model's requirement is very strict. I will analyse the logic and rigor in the process of verification of HACCP plan. In order to help guiding the personnel perfecting the HACCP plan Verification process, ensure the effective implementation of the HACCP plan.

  14. Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) history and conceptual overview.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hulebak, Karen L; Schlosser, Wayne

    2002-06-01

    The concept of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a system that enables the production of safe meat and poultry products through the thorough analysis of production processes, identification of all hazards that are likely to occur in the production establishment, the identification of critical points in the process at which these hazards may be introduced into product and therefore should be controlled, the establishment of critical limits for control at those points, the verification of these prescribed steps, and the methods by which the processing establishment and the regulatory authority can monitor how well process control through the HACCP plan is working. The history of the development of HACCP is reviewed, and examples of practical applications of HACCP are described.

  15. Evaluation of HACCP Plans of Food Industries: Case Study Conducted by the Servizio di Igiene degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione (Food and Nutrition Health Service) of the Local Health Authority of Foggia, Italy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Panunzio, Michele F.; Antoniciello, Antonietta; Pisano, Alessandra; Rosa, Giovanna

    2007-01-01

    With respect to food safety, many works have studied the effectiveness of self-monitoring plans of food companies, designed using the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) method. On the other hand, in-depth research has not been made concerning the adherence of the plans to HACCP standards. During our research, we evaluated 116 self-monitoring plans adopted by food companies located in the territory of the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Foggia, Italy. The general errors (terminology, philosophy and redundancy) and the specific errors (transversal plan, critical limits, hazard specificity, and lack of procedures) were standardized. Concerning the general errors, terminological errors pertain to half the plans examined, 47% include superfluous elements and 60% have repetitive subjects. With regards to the specific errors, 77% of the plans examined contained specific errors. The evaluation has pointed out the lack of comprehension of the HACCP system by the food companies and has allowed the Servizio di Igiene degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione (Food and Nutrition Health Service), in its capacity as a control body, to intervene with the companies in order to improve designing HACCP plans. PMID:17911662

  16. Introduction to HACCP.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Introduction to HACCP Deana R. Jones, Ph.D. Egg Safety and Quality Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research Service Russell Research Center Athens, GA Deana.Jones@ars.usda.gov HACCP is an acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and was initially developed by the Pillsbury Company a...

  17. 9 CFR 417.6 - Inadequate HACCP Systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Inadequate HACCP Systems. 417.6 Section 417.6 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS § 417.6 Inadequate HACCP Systems. A HACCP system may be...

  18. [Design of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) plan to assure the safety of a bologna product produced by a meat processing plant].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bou Rached, Lizet; Ascanio, Norelis; Hernández, Pilar

    2004-03-01

    The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a systematic integral program used to identify and estimate the hazards (microbiological, chemical and physical) and the risks generated during the primary production, processing, storage, distribution, expense and consumption of foods. To establish a program of HACCP has advantages, being some of them: to emphasize more in the prevention than in the detection, to diminish the costs, to minimize the risk of manufacturing faulty products, to allow bigger trust to the management, to strengthen the national and international competitiveness, among others. The present work is a proposal based on the design of an HACCP program to guarantee the safety of the Bologna Special Type elaborated by a meat products industry, through the determination of hazards (microbiological, chemical or physical), the identification of critical control points (CCP), the establishment of critical limits, plan corrective actions and the establishment of documentation and verification procedures. The used methodology was based in the application of the seven basic principles settled down by the Codex Alimentarius, obtaining the design of this program. In view of the fact that recently the meat products are linked with pathogens like E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes, these were contemplated as microbiological hazard for the establishment of the HACCP plan whose application will guarantee the obtaining of a safe product.

  19. HACCP-based quality risk management approach to udder health problems on dairy farms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Noordhuizen, Jptm; Cannas da Silva, J

    2009-04-01

    Against the background of prevailing udder health problems on dairy farms, this paper discusses a new approach to mastitis control. Current udder health control programmes, such as the 'five-point plan', are highlighted and their drawbacks indicated. The concept and principles of hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) are introduced. The eight core elements of this concept are dealt with by using the example of a dairy herd with a mastitis problem due to Staphylococcus aureus. The various steps to be taken in the development of a HACCP-based quality risk management programme are illustrated through the application of core elements. Finally, it is shown that the HACCP key words, structure, organisation, planning, communication and formalisation; which do not frequently appear in conventional herd health and production management programmes can contribute to better udder health. The role of the veterinarian can be paramount and of added value, if he/she is willing to invest in new knowledge and skills, such as the HACCP concept, farm economics, animal nutrition, and particularly the role of coach to the dairy farmer in the implementation of preventative measures in relation to udder health.

  20. HACCP-based quality risk management approach to udder health problems on dairy farms

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Noordhuizen JPTM

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Against the background of prevailing udder health problems on dairy farms, this paper discusses a new approach to mastitis control. Current udder health control programmes, such as the 'five-point plan', are highlighted and their drawbacks indicated. The concept and principles of hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP are introduced. The eight core elements of this concept are dealt with by using the example of a dairy herd with a mastitis problem due to Staphylococcus aureus. The various steps to be taken in the development of a HACCP-based quality risk management programme are illustrated through the application of core elements. Finally, it is shown that the HACCP key words, structure, organisation, planning, communication and formalisation; which do not frequently appear in conventional herd health and production management programmes can contribute to better udder health. The role of the veterinarian can be paramount and of added value, if he/she is willing to invest in new knowledge and skills, such as the HACCP concept, farm economics, animal nutrition, and particularly the role of coach to the dairy farmer in the implementation of preventative measures in relation to udder health.

  1. The Basics of HACCP

    Science.gov (United States)

    HACCP is an acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and was initially developed by the Pillsbury Company and NASA. They utilized this program to enhance the safety of the food for manned space flights. The USDA-FSIS implemented the HACCP approach to food safety in the meat and poult...

  2. The Principles of HACCP

    Science.gov (United States)

    HACCP is an acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and was initially developed by the Pillsbury Company and NASA. They utilized this program to enhance the safety of the food for manned space flights. The USDA-FSIS implemented the HACCP approach to food safety in the meat and pou...

  3. System of indexes and indicators for the quality evaluation of HACCP plans based on the results of the official controls conducted by the Servizio di Igiene degli Alimenti della Nutrizione (Food and Nutrition Health Service) of the Local Health Authority of Foggia, Italy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Panunzio, Michele F; Antoniciello, Antonietta; Pisano, Alessandra

    2007-03-01

    Within the realm of evaluating self-monitoring plans, developed based on the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) method and adopted by food companies, little research has been done concerning the quality of the plans. The Servizio di Igiene degli Alimenti e della Nutrizione (Food and Nutrition Health Service) of the Local Health Authority of Foggia, Italy, has conducted research with the aim to adopt a system of indexes and indicators for the qualitative evaluation of HACCP plans. The critical areas considered were the following: simplicity, specificity, feasibility and adherence. During the period from January 2004 to June 2005, the evaluation grid was used in examining 250 HACCP self-monitoring plans of food companies. For the analysis of the determining factor four groups were considered, with reference to HACCP self-monitoring plans designed: group 1 - with the aid of a qualified team; group 2 - with the aid of an unqualified team; group 3 - with the aid of an unqualified expert; group 4 - without the aid of an expert. The mean values of the measures elaborated decrease towards insufficiency moving from group 1 to group 4. In particular, collaboration by teams of unqualified experts brought about drafting unacceptable HACCP plans on the levels of specificity and adherence, with respect to the HACCP method. The method proposed of the analysis of the indexes and indicators beginning with an evaluation sheet can also help the individual company to better adjust contribution by internal or external professionals to the company.

  4. HACCP, food quality, food irradiation; HACCP, Lebensmittelqualitaet und Bestrahlung

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bognar, A [Bundesforschungsanstalt fuer Ernaehrung, Karlsruhe (Germany). Inst. fuer Chemie und Biologie

    1999-07-01

    The paper summarizes the principles and purposes of the ''Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points'' (HACCP) system and its application and implementation within the European Union for the purposes of food quality and safety control, including food irradiation. (orig./CB) [German] Eine ausfuehrliche Information und Schulung der mit der Qualitaetssicherung befassten Mitarbeiter ueber den Inhalt und die Ziele des HACCP-Konzeptes erscheint als die wichtigste Voraussetzung fuer seine Implementierung in das Qualitaetsmanagement bei der Lebensmittelverarbeitung. Abschliessend soll noch auf die Gefahren hingewiesen werden, die bei der Einfuehrung eines neuen Qualitaetssicherungssystems in Lebensmittelbetrieben auftreten koennen. Die groesste Gefahr scheint die Ueberorganisation des betrieblichen Ablaufs zu sein. Papierberge, die niemand liest oder beachtet, sind kontra produktiv. (orig.)

  5. HACCP, food quality, food irradiation; HACCP, Lebensmittelqualitaet und Bestrahlung

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bognar, A. [Bundesforschungsanstalt fuer Ernaehrung, Karlsruhe (Germany). Inst. fuer Chemie und Biologie

    1999-07-01

    The paper summarizes the principles and purposes of the ''Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points'' (HACCP) system and its application and implementation within the European Union for the purposes of food quality and safety control, including food irradiation. (orig./CB) [German] Eine ausfuehrliche Information und Schulung der mit der Qualitaetssicherung befassten Mitarbeiter ueber den Inhalt und die Ziele des HACCP-Konzeptes erscheint als die wichtigste Voraussetzung fuer seine Implementierung in das Qualitaetsmanagement bei der Lebensmittelverarbeitung. Abschliessend soll noch auf die Gefahren hingewiesen werden, die bei der Einfuehrung eines neuen Qualitaetssicherungssystems in Lebensmittelbetrieben auftreten koennen. Die groesste Gefahr scheint die Ueberorganisation des betrieblichen Ablaufs zu sein. Papierberge, die niemand liest oder beachtet, sind kontra produktiv. (orig.)

  6. The Seven Principles of HACCP

    Science.gov (United States)

    HACCP is an acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and was initially developed by the Pillsbury Company and NASA. They utilized this program to enhance the safety of the food for manned space flights. The USDA-FSIS implemented the HACCP approach to food safety in the meat and poult...

  7. Perception of the HACCP system operators on livestock product manufacturers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Jung-Hyun; Nam, Ki-Chang; Jo, Cheorun; Lim, Dong-Gyun

    2014-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate crucial factors on HACCP system implementation in domestic livestock product plants, and to offer job satisfaction and the career prospect of HACCP system operators. The survey was carried out by selecting 150 HACCP system operators who implemented HACCP system. The respondents claimed that the most important contents in HACCP system operation were to assemble HACCP team (21.8%), and the second was to monitoring (20.0%). Documentation and recording (16.9%) and verification (11.1%) were followed. The respondents answered the major factor in sanitation management was cleaning/washing/disinfection (18.9%) and inspection (18.4%). The results showed that there were significant differences in the prospect of occupation in HACCP system operator by the gender (p HACCP system operator were satisfied with their job (73%) and also showed optimistic prospect of occupation (82%).

  8. A HACCP-based approach to mastitis control in dairy herds. Part 1: Development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beekhuis-Gibbon, Lies; Whyte, Paul; O'Grady, Luke; More, Simon J; Doherty, Michael L

    2011-03-31

    Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems are a risk based preventive approach developed to increase levels of food safety assurance. This is part 1 of a pilot study on the development, implementation and evaluation of a HACCP-based approach for the control of good udder health in dairy cows. The paper describes the use of a novel approach based on a deconstruction of the infectious process in mastitis to identify Critical Control Points (CCPs) and develop a HACCP-based system to prevent and control mastitis in dairy herds. The approach involved the creation of an Infectious Process Flow Diagram, which was then cross-referenced to two production process flow diagrams of the milking process and cow management cycle. The HACCP plan developed, may be suitable for customisation and implementation on dairy farms. This is a logical, systematic approach to the development of a mastitis control programme that could be used as a template for the development of control programmes for other infectious diseases in the dairy herd.

  9. A HACCP-based approach to mastitis control in dairy herds. Part 1: Development

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beekhuis-Gibbon Lies

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP systems are a risk based preventive approach developed to increase levels of food safety assurance. This is part 1 of a pilot study on the development, implementation and evaluation of a HACCP-based approach for the control of good udder health in dairy cows. The paper describes the use of a novel approach based on a deconstruction of the infectious process in mastitis to identify Critical Control Points (CCPs and develop a HACCP-based system to prevent and control mastitis in dairy herds. The approach involved the creation of an Infectious Process Flow Diagram, which was then cross-referenced to two production process flow diagrams of the milking process and cow management cycle. The HACCP plan developed, may be suitable for customisation and implementation on dairy farms. This is a logical, systematic approach to the development of a mastitis control programme that could be used as a template for the development of control programmes for other infectious diseases in the dairy herd.

  10. RESPONSIBILITIES OF FOOD BUSINESS OPERATORS RELATED TO FOOD SAFETY: CONCERNS RELATED TO HACCP IN MICRO-BUSINESSES FOOD COMPANIES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T. Civera

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available The research was aimed at collecting information on food safety knowledge by operators of small and less developed food businesses. This will allow to reveal what are the real drawbacks in HACCP application in these realities. Fifty meat producing plants located in Piedmont region were involved. In all the plants a questionnaire with questions on HACCP system was submitted. The analysis of the collected answers, evidenced that 42% of the operators needed to perform structural modifications in order to address the HACCP measures, whereas 40% applied modifications in working procedures. The most frequent shortcoming (44% of the answers of the HACCP system was represented by the applicability of Good Manufacturing Practices, and the most difficult control measure to be applied was the prevention of the cross-contaminations (40% of the answers. The information gathered within this project allowed to evidence the real needs of the micro businesses in the application of HACCP plan. These results can be useful for the institutions, which could elaborate HACCP alternative systems, able to better fulfil food safety requirements and Food Business Operator needs.

  11. HACCP system for quality control of food irradiation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yiming, Ha [The Institute of Application of Atomic Energy, CAAS, Beijing (China)

    2004-02-01

    This paper introduces the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point System (HACCP) and analyses all hazard factors which would possibly affect the product quality in processing of irradiation dehydrated vegetables. It suggests that the irradiation food factories in China should set up HACCP as soon as possible and discusses the ways to set up HACCP.

  12. HACCP system for quality control of food irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ha Yiming

    2004-01-01

    This paper introduces the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point System (HACCP) and analyses all hazard factors which would possibly affect the product quality in processing of irradiation dehydrated vegetables. It suggests that the irradiation food factories in China should set up HACCP as soon as possible and discusses the ways to set up HACCP

  13. Introduction to the Principles of HACCP

    Science.gov (United States)

    HACCP is an acronym for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point and was initially developed by the Pillsbury Company and NASA. They utilized this program to enhance the safety of the food for manned space flights. The USDA-FSIS implemented the HACCP approach to food safety in the meat and poult...

  14. Description of the food safety system in hotels and how it compares with HACCP standards.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fletcher, Stephanie M; Maharaj, Satnarine R; James, Kenneth

    2009-01-01

    Tourism is an important earner of foreign exchange in Jamaica; hence, the protection of the visitors' health is very important. A study of travelers to Jamaica in 1996 to 1997 found that travelers' diarrhea (TD) affected almost 25% of visitors. The Ministry of Health (Jamaica) initiated a program for the prevention and control of TD aimed at reducing attack rates from 25.0% to 12.0% over a 5-year period through environmental health and food safety standards of hotels. This article examines the food safety systems in Jamaican hotels located in a popular resort area to find out how comparable they are with the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) strategy. A cross-sectional study was done of hotels in St. Mary and St. Ann. Quantitative data were obtained from food and beverage/sanitation staff and qualitative data through in-depth interviews with hotel managers. Observation of the food safety operations was also done. The majority (75%) of larger hotels used a combination of HACCP and Ministry of Health food safety strategies (p = 0.02) and offered all-inclusive services (r =-0.705, p = 0.001). Larger hotels were more likely to have a better quality team approach, HACCP plan, and monitoring of critical control points (CCPs) and more likely to receive higher scores (p hotel staff were knowledgeable of HACCP. Significantly smaller hotels (87.5%) received less than 70% in overall score (r = 0.75, p = 0.01). Identification of CCPs and monitoring of CCPs explained 96.6% of the change in the overall HACCP scores (p = 0.001). Hotel managers felt that some hotels' systems were comparable with HACCP and that larger properties were ready for mandatory implementation. Conclusions. While some components of the HACCP system were observed in larger hotels, there were serious shortcomings in its comparison. Mandatory implementation of HACCP would require that sector-specific policies be developed for smaller hotels and implemented on a phased basis.

  15. Preparation of an Evaluated HACCP- Plan in Order to Implementation in Iranian Mineral Water Factories for Avoiding the Common Food Safety Hazards in Such Industries

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amin Kiyani

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Background: consumption of mineral waters in the world has increased in recent years, and also concerns of consumers about its contamination are growing. Thereby, implementation of such a protective system as HACCP can prevent contamination of waters by different agents. This research aimed to develop an HACCP-Plan standard for mineral waters manufacturing factories in Iran. Methods: In current study, like production lines, polyethylene terephthalate (PET containers packaging, warehouses and laboratories sections of factories were observed from view of production and quality control. To monitor, control and restrict the hazards, seven principles of HACCP were considered. In continue applicable solutions were presented inclusive and practically for all factories. Required information were verified and presented through investigation of national and international standards. Results: The results shown that lack of sanitizing mineral water supplies and factories environment, incomplete water treatment, non-standard production of PET bottles, improper storage of raw materials and final product, and lack of inspection of equipment led to the increasing health hazards of the product and endanger the consumers health. Conclusion: In order to produce safe mineral water, it is necessary to sanitize the water supplies and factory environment. In addition, the process of water treatment and the production of PET bottles must be according to national and international standards. As the implementation of the HACCP system in various mineral water producing factories is not same, application of developed system in this research will be effective to standardize the implementation of this system in plants.

  16. Desarrollo de una herramienta para evaluar los programas prerrequisitos del Sistema (HACCP, instaurado en la planta de beneficio de miel de abejas de la UEB Apícola de Sancti Spíritus.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yorexis Guilarte Navarro

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Los alimentos están expuestos a agentes físicos, químicos o biológicos, causando un efecto adverso para la salud. Un estudio poblacional arrojó que el mayor % de los casos diarreicos tuvo relación con la ingestión de alimentos, lo que evidencia, que estos tienen importantes cargas bacterianas desde su origen. En el caso de la miel de abeja, los principales peligros están dados por contaminación de envases, por presencia de antibióticos y por fermentación. Como solución, se desarrolló y validó un instrumento que se sustenta en la Gestión de la Higiene y la Calidad, aplicable al diagnóstico de los 7 planes previos de higiene y trazabilidad, necesario para implantar un sistema Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP en cualquier empresa del sector agroalimentario, capaz de, medir los programas prerrequisitos del sistema descrito. Sometido a validación de contenido por Delphy, la herramienta final obtuvo, la aprobación de los expertos, que otorgan alta confiabilidad a valores obtenidos por encima del 90% de cumplimiento. La herramienta permitió organizar y evaluar los prerrequisitos del Sistema HACCP, además de evaluar los resultados de su implantación, en el beneficio de la miel. La validación del Sistema HACCP, arroja resultados satisfactorios, reflejándose en la obtención de un producto inocuo.

  17. PENGGABUNGAN PENERAPAN SISTEM JAMINAN MUTU ISO 9001:2008 DAN SISTEM HACCP KE DALAM SISTEM MANAJEMEN KEAMANAN PANGAN ISO 22000:2009 (STUDI KASUS DI PT INDOKOM SAMUDRA PERSADA [The Merger of Quality Assurance System ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP system into Food

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Novri Ilmiawan

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available The object of this research was to merge the application of HACCP system and ISO 9001:2008 in ISP company into ISO 22000:2009. The  research method used was case study method. The study was conducted on three stages. The first was the arrangement gap analysis conducted by comparing the conditions of the company with ISO 22000:2009 standards. The second was by observing sanitation and pre requisite programs. The third was by observing traceability system. The data in this research were reported descriptively, consisted of ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP application in the company and the gaps of principles in ISO 22000:2009 toward ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP. The result showed that ISP company has applied 12 steps which covered in HACCP system, and also the ISO 9001 system were appropriate with ISO 9001:2008 standards in every clauses. Pre requisite program (GMP and SSOP have been effectively applied. GMP in ISP company is categorized on the first spot (excellent. The eight keys of SSOP have been fulfilled. ISP company has been fulfilling 54 from 57 (94.74% criteria in ISO 22000:2009 standards, yet there still several things needed to be improved, which are the quality manual content  and HACCP table plan and its monitoring. The  traceability system has been applied well in ISP. Keywords : HACCP, ISO 9001, ISO 22000, GMP, SSOP.

  18. SISTEMA DE ASEGURAMIENTO DE LA CALIDAD MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DEL SISTEMA HACCP EN LA INDUSTRIA DE PASTAS ALIMENTICIAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aleida González González

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available

    En este trabajo se presenta un estudio del HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points como un sistema de aseguramiento de la calidad en lo referente a la inocuidad para la industria de alimentos, mencionando las técnicas generalmente usadas para llevar a acabo este estudio y mostrando un ejemplo mediante su aplicación en la industria de pastas alimenticias. Como resultado se elaboró la tabla de control HACCP, la misma que recopila los PCC, el peligro posible, los límites críticos, las medidas correctivas, sistema de monitoreo y responsables de las acciones tomadas.

  19. HACCP in Small Companies:Benefit or Burden?

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    EuniceTaylor

    2001-01-01

    This paper acknowledges the importance of small companies across the food chain and indntifies the slow uptake of HACCP in these companies as an area of concern for the production of safe food,This set the scene for an analysis of the barriers to HACCP implementation which include availability of appropriate training in HACCP methodology,access to technical expertise and the general resource problems of time and money ,The burden that this places on the small business,particularly in terms of documentation,validation and verification,are then discussed,The paper concludes with a summary of the burdens and benefits that this sector faces as it moves towards compliance with food safety legislation.

  20. Elaboración del plan HACCP para gestión de inocuidad en la línea de proceso de salchichas de una planta de productos cárnicos cárnicos1 Cytotoxic and genotoxic study of in vitro released productos of stainless steel 316L with bioactive ceramic coatings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diana Cortés

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available

    La enfermedad transmitida por alimentos (ETA es el síndrome
    originado por la ingestión de alimentos y/o agua con contaminación
    química, física o biológica que puede afectar la salud. La frecuencia de ETA es aproximadamente de mil millones de casos/año en el mundo y está entre las primeras causas de muerte en niños.


    Un alimento inocuo no debe presentar riesgos químicos, físicos
    o biológicos para el consumidor y no genera efectos adversos sobre
    su calidad de vida ni su salud. El Sistema de Análisis de Riesgos y
    Control en Puntos Críticos (HACCP con fundamentos científicos y
    carácter sistemático identifica peligros y medidas para controlarlos,
    para garantizar la inocuidad de los alimentos. El objetivo de este
    trabajo fue aplicar los principios HACCP y elaborar el plan HACCP para
    la línea de proceso de salchichas.

    The stainless steel AISI 316L is the must used biomaterial for the making of temporal prosthesis, but it presents severe limitations for permanent implants due to the generation and migration of metallic ions to the surrounding peripheral tissues, which produces oxygen reactive species (ERO and damages of the ADN, increasing the possibility of local tumors and mechanical failure of the implant. A strategy used to minimize the generation of ions is the superficial modification of the implants by means of inorganic coatings, ceramic or vitreous, applied by the sol-gel process; this method has a series of comparative advantages, compared to other deposition methods, as good adherence, easy application, minimum drying problems, low densification temperatures and the possibility of adding particles and/or organic groups that improve the adhesion of the cell to the implant, increasing the biocompatibility. In the present work, the citotoxic effects were valuated by means of the MTT technique, and the genotoxic ones by electrophoresis of individual cell gels (Cometa

  1. How and Why to Implement HACCP in Food Businesses in Developing Countries? Suggestions to Afghan Government and Private Sector

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sayed Mohammad Naim Khalid

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available In Afghanistan food safety is managed by several ministries including Ministry of Public Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce and municipalities. There is no food law but multiple ministerial decrees which ensure if GMP is implemented well. There is no legal requirement to get food safety certification. Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP is recognized as a key part of food safety management practice in the global food industry and can be applied at any stage of the food supply chain. This article discusses accepted approaches to the application of HACCP principles for the development, implementation, and maintenance of HACCP plan. It is intended as an introduction to food safety system in Afghanistan, giving propositions to government on how to apply the principles in a stepwise approach, and showing how HACCP benefit public and private sector and also suggesting ways how to adapt this approach in the food businesses.

  2. [Evaluation of prerequisites programs for a HACCP plan for frozen sardine plant].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosas, Patricia; Reyes, Genara

    2008-06-01

    Good manufacturing practices (GMP) and sanitation standard operating procedures (SSOP) are prerequisites programs for the application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system as a food safety approach during processing. The aim of this study was to evaluate GMP/SSOP prerequisites in processing line of frozen whole sardine (Sardinella aurita). The GMP compliance was verified according to a standard procedure of the Ministry for the Health of Venezuela, and the SSOP were assessed according to a checklist proposed by the FDA. GMP and SSOP were evaluated following a demerit-based approach. A percentage value was calculated and referred to as sanitary effectiveness. Results indicated that the plant had a good level of compliance with GMP from assessment of buildings and facilities, equipment and tools, hygienic requisites of the production, assurance of the hygiene quality, storage and transportation, and the percentage of sanitary effectiveness was 84%. The level of compliance for SSOP was 53,12% with demerits found in all assessed aspects consisting of inexistent guidelines, lack of control in the sanitary plan and lack of leadership in applying corrective actions. Thus, an improvement in the plant sanitation program was designed targeting SSOP.

  3. [Quality assurance in food production in Europe according to ISO 90000 and HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jouve, J L

    1996-12-01

    HACCP is intended to make food protection programs evolve from a mainly retrospective quality control toward a preventative quality assurance approach and to provide an increased confidence in food safety. In parallel, the continuous evolution of quality concepts in the food industry resulted in the development of quality systems and quality assurance techniques with regard to the EN 29,000 (ISO 9000) series of standards. Specific to the food industry, HACCP can be seen as a very effective method to prepare specific Safety Assurance Plans (cf. the quality assurance plan concept) within a quality systems approach (Jouve, 1993). By reference to ISO 8402, a Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) basically sets out "the specific quality practices, resources and sequence of activities relevant to a particular product, service, contract or project". Quality assurance plans are more particularly useful for projects relating to new products or processes and/or comprising inter-related tasks whose interaction may be complex. In addition, in contractual or regulatory situations, such plans can be used to demonstrate the supplier's capability to meet identified objectives, specification or standards. In the food industry, the management of safety is a critical and complex issue which fits very well in the scope of application of a specific QAP; it is also where the use of HACCP is otherwise recommended by priority.

  4. Developing a HACCP-like system for improving animal health and welfare in organic egg production - based on an expert panel analysis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hegelund, Lene; Sørensen, Jan Tind

    2007-01-01

    In the process of developing a generic Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)-like system for securing animal health and welfare in organic egg production, an expert panel analysis was used to perform the initial hazard analysis. Eighteen advisers and researchers in organic egg...... specific systems. An expert panel analysis based on questionnaires was a useful tool during the first steps of developing a HACCP plan, conducting a hazard analysis and suggesting control points. However, care should be taken regarding the panel's size and fields of expertise in order to assure...... that the panel fully covers the field of interest throughout the study. A further development of the hazard analysis into a farm-specific HACCP system would include assembling an on-farm HACCP team consisting of farmers and advisors for the practical application of control points, alarm values and monitoring...

  5. Evaluation of HACCP knowledge of the catering staff

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ewa Cieślik

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents the results of a study on HACCP knowledge among catering staff. The study involved 100 people working in catering establishments randomly selected, such as restaurants, bars and cafes. The research tool was a survey questionnaire. The results indicate an insufficient level of knowledge of the respondents and indicate the need for training in the principles and significance of the HACCP system among people working in the catering industry. Since their knowledge is highly dependent, functioning of the HACCP system in the catering establishment seriously depends on their knowledge which is reflected in the quality and safety of food produced.

  6. Research on the Food Safety System of the Army Based on HACCP%基于HACCP的部队食品安全体系研究

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    赵小明

    2011-01-01

    According to the Principle of HACCP, the essay analyzes performability and the problems of HACCP management in the CAPF. Then it puts forward the plan and suggestions of the HACCP, in order to build up the Food Safety Guarantee System of the CAPF that is based on HACCP.%依据HACCP原理,分析了武警部队实行HACCP管理的可行性以及需要解决的问题,进而提出武警部队HACCP管理的方案和要求,构建武警部队基于HACCP的食品安全保障体系。

  7. HACCP based quality assurance systems for organic food production systems

    OpenAIRE

    Knight, C.; Stanley, R.

    2007-01-01

    HACCP provides an effective, logical and structured means of assuring food safety. Although first used in food manufacturing operations, HACCP can be – and, increasingly is – applied to food production and handling operations at all stages in the food chain. This includes the primary production sector. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the principles of HACCP can be applied to organic production with special reference to the primary sector.

  8. SISTEM HACCP KE DALAM SISTEM MANAJEMEN KEAMANAN PANGAN ISO 22000:2009 (STUDI KASUS DI PT INDOKOM SAMUDRA PERSADA [The Merger of Quality Assurance System ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP system into Food Safety Management SystemISO 22000:2009 (Case Study at Indoko

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Novri Ilmiawan

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The object of this research was to merge the application of HACCP system and ISO 9001:2008 in ISP company into ISO 22000:2009. The  research method used was case study method. The study was conducted on three stages. The first was the arrangement gap analysis conducted by comparing the conditions of the company with ISO 22000:2009 standards. The second was by observing sanitation and pre requisite programs. The third was by observing traceability system. The data in this research were reported descriptively, consisted of ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP application in the company and the gaps of principles in ISO 22000:2009 toward ISO 9001:2008 and HACCP. The result showed that ISP company has applied 12 steps which covered in HACCP system, and also the ISO 9001 system were appropriate with ISO 9001:2008 standards in every clauses. Pre requisite program (GMP and SSOP have been effectively applied. GMP in ISP company is categorized on the first spot (excellent. The eight keys of SSOP have been fulfilled. ISP company has been fulfilling 54 from 57 (94.74% criteria in ISO 22000:2009 standards, yet there still several things needed to be improved, which are the quality manual content  and HACCP table plan and its monitoring. The  traceability system has been applied well in ISP .   Key words : HACCP, ISO 9001, ISO 22000, GMP, SSOP.

  9. Research on the Safety of Dairy Supply Chain Based on HACCP%基于HACCP的乳制品供应链质量安全管控研究

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    宋宝娥

    2016-01-01

    On the basis of analyzing dairy supply chain process, this paper identiif es raw milk production,dairy product processing and sales as critical control points. It adopts HACCP system and makes raw milk HACCP plan form, dairy product processing HACCP plan form as well as dairy product sale HACCP plan form in order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for dairy supply chain quality safety.%文章在分析乳制品供应链流程的基础上,确定原奶生产、乳制品加工以及乳制品销售为关键控制点,结合HACCP管理体系分别制定了原奶HACCP计划表、乳制品生产加工HACCP计划表以及乳制品销售HACCP计划表,以期为乳制品供应链质量安全的监控提供理论参考和实践指导。

  10. Implementation of HACCP system in production of UHT milk

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irena Jeličić

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Regulation of the Croatian Food Law (NN 46/07 which demands implementation of food safety management system based on HACCP principles became mandatory at the January 01st 2009. According to that regulation all subjects in food production and retail sector including the dairy industry too are obligant to implement HACCP system in their production processes. In the process of HACCP implementation many problems occur which result in delaying the implementation, scarce performance of assigned monitoring actions and inadequate maintenance and improvement of the system. All of the latter mentioned problems disable proactive functioning and may lead to disturbance of food safety of the end product. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the interpretation of each steps that have to be taken in the process of implementation of HACCP system in the production of UHT milk. Thereby many practical informations and examples have been gathered while reviewing the HACCP system in KIM d.d. Dairy industry, Karlovac, Croatia. This paper contains the examples of all indentified hazards, all assigned control actions, hazard analysis and critical control point determination for the process of UHT milk production in KIM d.d. Dairy industry, Karlovac. Furthermore, also examples and ideas for the traceability, verification and validation, product recall and withdrawal procedures are given.

  11. Implementation of Haccp in the Mexican Poultry Processing Industry

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maldonado-Siman, Ema; Martínez-Hernández, Pedro Arturo; Ruíz-Flores, Agustín; García-Muñiz, José G.; Cadena-Meneses, José A.

    Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) is a safety and quality management tool used as major issue in international and domestic trade in food industry. However, detailed information on costs and benefits of HACCP implementation is needed to provide appropriate advice to food processing plants. This paper reports on the perceptions of costs and benefits by the Mexican poultry processing plants and sale destinations. The results suggest that the major costs of implementing and operating HACCP within poultry processing plants are record keeping and external technical advice. The main benefit indicated by the majority of processing plants is a reduction in microbial counts. Over 39% of poultry production is sent to nation-wide chains of supermarkets, and less than 13% is sent to international markets. It was concluded that the adoption of HACCP by the Mexican poultry processing sector is based on the concern to increase and keep the domestic market, rather than to compete in the international market.

  12. Controlling organic chemical hazards in food manufacturing: a hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ropkins, K; Beck, A J

    2002-08-01

    Hazard analysis by critical control points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to the identification, assessment and control of hazards. Effective HACCP requires the consideration of all hazards, i.e., chemical, microbiological and physical. However, to-date most 'in-place' HACCP procedures have tended to focus on the control of microbiological and physical food hazards. In general, the chemical component of HACCP procedures is either ignored or limited to applied chemicals, e.g., food additives and pesticides. In this paper we discuss the application of HACCP to a broader range of chemical hazards, using organic chemical contaminants as examples, and the problems that are likely to arise in the food manufacturing sector. Chemical HACCP procedures are likely to result in many of the advantages previously identified for microbiological HACCP procedures: more effective, efficient and economical than conventional end-point-testing methods. However, the high costs of analytical monitoring of chemical contaminants and a limited understanding of formulation and process optimisation as means of controlling chemical contamination of foods are likely to prevent chemical HACCP becoming as effective as microbiological HACCP.

  13. Hygienic-sanitary working practices and implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP plan in lobster processing industries Condições higiênico-sanitárias e implementação do plano de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC em indústrias processadoras de lagosta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Farias da Fonseca

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available This study aimed to verify the hygienic-sanitary working practices and to create and implement a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) in two lobster processing industries in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The industries studied process frozen whole lobsters, frozen whole cooked lobsters, and frozen lobster tails for exportation. The application of the hygienic-sanitary checklist in the industries analyzed achieved conformity rates over 96% to the aspects evaluated. The use of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan resulted in the detection of two critical control points (CCPs) including the receiving and classification steps in the processing of frozen lobster and frozen lobster tails, and an additional critical control point (CCP) was detected during the cooking step of processing of the whole frozen cooked lobster. The proper implementation of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan in the lobster processing industries studied proved to be the safest and most cost-effective method to monitor each critical control point (CCP) hazards.Objetivou-se com este estudo verificar as condições higiênico-sanitárias e criar um plano de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC) para implantação em duas indústrias de processamento de lagosta no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. As indústrias estudadas processam lagosta inteira congelada, lagostas inteiras cozidas congeladas e caudas de lagosta congelada para exportação. A aplicação de um checklist de controle higiênico-sanitário nas indústrias visitadas resultou em uma classificação global de conformidades maior que 96% dos aspectos analisados. O desenvolvimento do plano APPCC resultou na detecção de dois pontos críticos de controle (PCC), incluindo o recebimento e etapas de classificação, no processamento de lagosta congelada e caudas de lagosta congelada, e um PCC adicional foi detectado no processamento de lagosta inteira cozida

  14. PENERAPAN HACCP BUBUR BAYI BERAS MERAH TERHADAP PENERIMAAN DAN LAMA WAKTU SIMPAN

    OpenAIRE

    Riska Listyanti; Lilik Hendrarini; narto narto

    2017-01-01

    Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan terlaksananya penerapan HACCP untuk bubur beras me-rah yang ditujukan untuk bayi usia 6-10 bulan, dan secara khusus menetapkan perbedaan lama waktu simpan bubur tersebut antara penerapan HACCP (variasi 1) dengan penerapan HACCP tanpa pengendalian CCP persiapan bahan (variasi 2); sanitasi alat (variasi 3); penjamah (variasi 4); cara pengolahan (variasi 5); penyimpanan (variasi 6) dan penyajian (variasi 7), serta mene-tapkan perbedaan penerimaan bubur beras ...

  15. MANAGING PRODUCT SAFETY SYSTEM HACCP ON THE EXAMPLE OF BEET-SUGAR PRODUCTION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. A. Golybin

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The most effective safety management system of food production in all industrialized countries in the world recognized by the system based on the principles of HACCP. In Russia, the conformity assessment carried out by the HACCP system certification. The essence of the HACCP system is to identify and control the critical points. Critical Control Point – this is the stage of the process, which is subject to control for hazard identification and risk management in order to avoid the production of unsafe products. Implementation of HACCP system allows to tighten and coordinate the quality control system, which will improve the competitiveness of the products produced in the sugar market in Russia and abroad. In the early stages of food production HACCP system to prevent the occurrence of danger. It is based on the preventive approach to ensuring quality and safety in the production process, and can also be used in the development of new products. HACCP system is based on seven main principles to ensure the implementation and management of the system in production. 1. Creation of a working group of the coordinator and the technical secretary and various consultants. 2. Information on materials and products, in this case of sugar beet and sugar. 3. Information about the production. 4. Risk analysis of the available chemical, physical and microbiological factors. To determine the critical control points according to the results obtained for each factor is determined by a special chart the extent of its accounting. The need to consider the potential hazard is determined by the order in which area it has got. 5. The production program of mandatory preliminary activities in the production of sugar. 6. Determination of critical control points. 7. Making worksheets HACCP. It is shown that the use of HACCP in sugar beet production has several advantages.

  16. The principles of HACCP.

    Science.gov (United States)

    The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) food safety inspection program is utilized by both USDA Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) and FDA for many of the products they regulate. This science-based program was implemented by the USDA FSIS to enhance the food safety of meat and pou...

  17. Evaluation of the HACCP system in a university canteen: microbiological monitoring and internal auditing as verification tools.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Tavoletti, Stefano; Clementi, Francesca

    2013-04-17

    Food safety is essential in mass catering. In Europe, Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 requires food business operators to put in place, implement and maintain permanent procedures based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles. Each HACCP plan is specifically implemented for the processing plant and processing methods and requires a systematic collection of data on the incidence, elimination, prevention, and reduction of risks. In this five-year-study, the effectiveness of the HACCP plan of a University canteen was verified through periodic internal auditing and microbiological monitoring of meals, small equipment, cooking tools, working surfaces, as well as hands and white coats of the canteen staff. The data obtained revealed no safety risks for the consumers, since Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were never detected; however, a quite discontinuous microbiological quality of meals was revealed. The fluctuations in the microbial loads of mesophilic aerobes, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and sulphite-reducing clostridia were mainly ascribed to inadequate handling or processing procedures, thus suggesting the need for an enhancement of staff training activities and for a reorganization of tasks. Due to the wide variety of the fields covered by internal auditing, the full conformance to all the requirements was never achieved, though high scores, determined by assigning one point to each answer which matched with the requirements, were achieved in all the years.

  18. Evaluation of the HACCP System in a University Canteen: Microbiological Monitoring and Internal Auditing as Verification Tools

    Science.gov (United States)

    Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Tavoletti, Stefano; Clementi, Francesca

    2013-01-01

    Food safety is essential in mass catering. In Europe, Regulation (EC) No. 852/2004 requires food business operators to put in place, implement and maintain permanent procedures based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles. Each HACCP plan is specifically implemented for the processing plant and processing methods and requires a systematic collection of data on the incidence, elimination, prevention, and reduction of risks. In this five-year-study, the effectiveness of the HACCP plan of a University canteen was verified through periodic internal auditing and microbiological monitoring of meals, small equipment, cooking tools, working surfaces, as well as hands and white coats of the canteen staff. The data obtained revealed no safety risks for the consumers, since Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes were never detected; however, a quite discontinuous microbiological quality of meals was revealed. The fluctuations in the microbial loads of mesophilic aerobes, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and sulphite-reducing clostridia were mainly ascribed to inadequate handling or processing procedures, thus suggesting the need for an enhancement of staff training activities and for a reorganization of tasks. Due to the wide variety of the fields covered by internal auditing, the full conformance to all the requirements was never achieved, though high scores, determined by assigning one point to each answer which matched with the requirements, were achieved in all the years. PMID:23594937

  19. HACCP, food quality, food irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bognar, A.

    1999-01-01

    The paper summarizes the principles and purposes of the ''Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points'' (HACCP) system and its application and implementation within the European Union for the purposes of food quality and safety control, including food irradiation. (orig./CB) [de

  20. Evaluation of the quality of foods for special diets produced in a school catering facility within a HACCP-based approach: a case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Petruzzelli, Annalisa; Foglini, Martina; Paolini, Francesca; Framboas, Marisa; Serena Altissimi, M; Naceur Haouet, M; Mangili, Piermario; Osimani, Andrea; Clementi, Francesca; Cenci, Telemaco; Tonucci, Franco

    2014-01-01

    A study was carried out to verify the appropriateness of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan adopted in a school catering facility. To that end, the microbiological quality of foods, the correct implementation of special diets (lactose- and gluten-free) and the nutritional value of foods were assessed. Thirty-six samples of lactose-free and 87 samples of gluten-free special diet food preparations were subjected to microbiological, chemical, and nutritional analyses. The data collected demonstrate the effectiveness of the HACCP plan in reducing the occurrence of microbial and chemical (lactose and gluten) cross-contamination. The data obtained from the nutritional analyses showed that the dietary intake provided by the meals under study was satisfactory.

  1. Cost-Benefit Analysis of Haccp Implementation in the Chinese Slaughtering and Meat Productprocessing Industry

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gong, Shunlong; Ma, Chenglin; Yang, Yinsheng; Bai, Li; He, Linyi

    The paper reports the results of a study of the costs and benefits associated with the implementation and operation of HACCP in the Chinese slaughtering and meat product processing industry. The research results suggest that although some kinds of intangible costs are more regularly referred to, the major costs of implementing and operating HACCP in the industry are still relatively tangible, such as investment in new equipments and product testing. And although most respondents indicated that the costs of implementing and operating HACCP were approximately in accordance with their prior expectations, still a significant majority indicated that some costs exceeded their expectations. The results also suggest that the slaughtering and meat product processing enterprises do derive benefits from implementing and operating HACCP, and some of them have derived distinct benefits. The results have implications for the further adoption of HACCP not only in the industry itself but also in the Chinese food industry as a whole. Policy makers should take account of these research results and make more quantitative researches to offer more comprehensive and classified information to help food enterprises make decisions on HACCP implementation and operation.

  2. "Clickers" and HACCP: Educating a Diverse Food Industry Audience with Technology

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shaw, Angela; Mendonca, Aubrey; Daraba, Aura

    2015-01-01

    Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to food safety education for the food industry. To receive a HACCP certificate, participants must receive an 80% or higher on the final examination. Language barriers, educational levels, and age have been noted as primary reasons for not passing the final examination.…

  3. OBTAINING FOOD SAFETY BY APPLYING HACCP SYSTEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ION CRIVEANU

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available In order to increase the confidence of the trading partners and consumers in the products which are sold on the market, enterprises producing food are required to implement the food safety system HACCP,a particularly useful system because the manufacturer is not able to fully control finished products . SR EN ISO 22000:2005 establishes requirements for a food safety management system where an organization in the food chain needs to proove its ability to control food safety hazards in order to ensure that food is safe at the time of human consumption. This paper presents the main steps which ensure food safety using the HACCP system, and SR EN ISO 20000:2005 requirements for food safety.

  4. Fulfillment of GMP standard, halal standard, and applying HACCP for production process of beef floss (Case study: Ksatria enterprise)

    Science.gov (United States)

    A'diat, Arkan Addien Al; Liquiddanu, Eko; Laksono, Pringgo Widyo; Sutopo, Wahyudi; Suletra, I. Wayan

    2018-02-01

    Along with the increasing number of the modern retail business in Indonesia, give an opportunity to small and medium enterprise (SME) to sell its products through the modern retailer. There are some obstacles faced by the SMEs, one of them is about product standard. Product standard that must be owned by SMEs are GMP standard and halal standard. This research was conducted to know the fulfillment by the beef floss enterprise in jagalan in fulfilling the GMP standard and halal. In addition, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system was applied to analyze the process. HACCP which used in this research was based on the seven principles in SNI (Indonesian National Standard) 01-4852-1998. The seven principles included hazard analysis, critical control point (CCP) determination, critical limit establishment, CCP monitor system establishment, corrective action establishment, verification, and also documentation establishment that must be applied in preparing HACCP plan. Based on this case study, it is concluded that there were 5 CCPs : the boiling process, roasting process, frying process, the beef floss draining process, and the packaging process.

  5. Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) for an ultrasound food processing operation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chemat, Farid; Hoarau, Nicolas

    2004-05-01

    Emerging technologies, such as ultrasound (US), used for food and drink production often cause hazards for product safety. Classical quality control methods are inadequate to control these hazards. Hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) is the most secure and cost-effective method for controlling possible product contamination or cross-contamination, due to physical or chemical hazard during production. The following case study on the application of HACCP to an US food-processing operation demonstrates how the hazards at the critical control points of the process are effectively controlled through the implementation of HACCP.

  6. 75 FR 8239 - School Food Safety Program Based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles (HACCP...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-02-24

    ... (HACCP); Approval of Information Collection Request AGENCY: Food and Nutrition Service, USDA. ACTION... Safety Program Based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles (HACCP) was published on... must be based on the (HACCP) system established by the Secretary of Agriculture. The food safety...

  7. HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points): is it coming to the dairy?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cullor, J S

    1997-12-01

    The risks and consequences of foodborne and waterborne pathogens are coming to the forefront of public health concerns, and strong pressure is being applied on agriculture for immediate implementation of on-farm controls. The FDA is considering HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points) as the new foundation for revision of the US Food Safety Assurance Program because HACCP is considered to be a science-based, systematic approach to the prevention of food safety problems. In addition, the implementation of HACCP principles permits more government oversight through requirements for standard operating procedures and additional systems for keeping records, places primary responsibility for ensuring food safety on the food manufacturer or distributor, and may assist US food companies in competing more effectively in the world market. With the HACCP-based program in place, a government investigator should be able to determine and evaluate both current and past conditions that are critical to ensuring the safety of the food produced by the facility. When this policy is brought to the production unit, the impact for producers and veterinarians will be substantial.

  8. Application of hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) to organic chemical contaminants in food.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ropkins, K; Beck, A J

    2002-03-01

    Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to the identification, assessment, and control of hazards that was developed as an effective alternative to conventional end-point analysis to control food safety. It has been described as the most effective means of controlling foodborne diseases, and its application to the control of microbiological hazards has been accepted internationally. By contrast, relatively little has been reported relating to the potential use of HACCP, or HACCP-like procedures, to control chemical contaminants of food. This article presents an overview of the implementation of HACCP and discusses its application to the control of organic chemical contaminants in the food chain. Although this is likely to result in many of the advantages previously identified for microbiological HACCP, that is, more effective, efficient, and economical hazard management, a number of areas are identified that require further research and development. These include: (1) a need to refine the methods of chemical contaminant identification and risk assessment employed, (2) develop more cost-effective monitoring and control methods for routine chemical contaminant surveillance of food, and (3) improve the effectiveness of process optimization for the control of chemical contaminants in food.

  9. Effectiveness of prerequisites and the HACCP plan in the control of microbial contamination in ice cream and cheese companies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Domenech, Eva; Amorós, José Antonio; Escriche, Isabel

    2013-03-01

    In food safety, implementation of prerequisites and application of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) guarantee the control of processes, and microbiological criteria permit validation of their effectiveness. With these aims in mind, this article presents the results obtained by the official control carried out by the Valencian administration in ice cream and cheese companies, located in the Xativa/Ontinyente area (Valencian region, Spain) in the period between 2005 and 2010. The audits of Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) and HACCP show that "Structure & Design" followed by "Hygiene & Cleaning" and "Traceability" were the evaluated items with most nonconformities. Pathogenic microorganisms were not found in any of the final products analyzed. Microorganism indicators of unhygienic conditions were present in 100% of the analyses; however, 87.98% of them had low levels, which did not exceed the microbiological criteria. These results highlight the general good effectiveness of the safety management systems implemented and emphasize that companies and official control must continue working in order to guarantee the consumers' welfare.

  10. A decade of sulphite control in Serbian meat industry and the effect of HACCP.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tomasevic, Igor; Dodevska, Margarita; Simić, Milan; Raicevic, Smiljana; Matovic, Violeta; Djekic, Ilija

    2018-03-01

    In total 7351 meat preparations and fresh processed meat products were analysed from 555 different Serbian meat producers over a 10-year period, 4.5 years before and 5.5 years after mandatory Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) implementation. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that HACCP has contributed to a better alignment of practices with the legal provisions. The share of non-compliant samples dropped from 18.6% before HACCP to 8.3% after its mandatory implementation. Average sulphite concentrations for all categories of meat preparations and fresh processed meat products decreased by 43%, declining from 33.6 to 19.3 mg kg -1 . Typical misuse and frequent abuse of sulphites was independent of a season. Application of HACCP principles in the Serbian meat industry raised awareness about the misuse of sulphites and contributed to a better control, minimising exposure to sulphites.

  11. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) to guarantee safe water reuse and drinking water production--a case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dewettinck, T; Van Houtte, E; Geenens, D; Van Hege, K; Verstraete, W

    2001-01-01

    To obtain a sustainable water catchment in the dune area of the Flemish west coast, the integration of treated domestic wastewater in the existing potable water production process is planned. The hygienic hazards associated with the introduction of treated domestic wastewater into the water cycle are well recognised. Therefore, the concept of HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) was used to guarantee hygienically safe drinking water production. Taking into account the literature data on the removal efficiencies of the proposed advanced treatment steps with regard to enteric viruses and protozoa and after setting high quality limits based on the recent progress in quantitative risk assessment, the critical control points (CCPs) and points of attention (POAs) were identified. Based on the HACCP analysis a specific monitoring strategy was developed which focused on the control of these CCPs and POAs.

  12. Imbedding HACCP principles in dairy herd health and production management: case report on calf rearing

    Science.gov (United States)

    2008-01-01

    Driven by consumer demands, European legislation has suggested the use of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) as the quality risk management programme for the whole dairy chain. Until now, an exception has been made for primary producers, but as regulations evolve, on-farm HACCP-like programmes should be ready to assure food safety as well as animal health and animal welfare. In our field experiment, the HACCP-concept was used to combine both optimal farm management and formalisation of quality assurance in an on-farm situation in the Netherlands. The process of young stock rearing was chosen, since its importance for the future of the farm is often underestimated. Hazards and their associated risk factors can be controlled within the farm-specific standards and tolerances, as targets can be controlled by corrective measures and by implementation of farm-specific worksheets. The veterinarian is pivotal for the facility-based HACCP team, since he/she has knowledge about on-farm risk assessment and relations between clinical pathology, feed and farm management. The HACCP concept in combination with veterinary herd health and production management programmes offers a promising approach to optimise on-farm production processes (i.e., young stock rearing) in addition to a structural approach for quality risk management on dairy farms. PMID:21851722

  13. Imbedding HACCP principles in dairy herd health and production management: case report on calf rearing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Boersema JSC

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Driven by consumer demands, European legislation has suggested the use of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point as the quality risk management programme for the whole dairy chain. Until now, an exception has been made for primary producers, but as regulations evolve, on-farm HACCP-like programmes should be ready to assure food safety as well as animal health and animal welfare. In our field experiment, the HACCP-concept was used to combine both optimal farm management and formalisation of quality assurance in an on-farm situation in the Netherlands. The process of young stock rearing was chosen, since its importance for the future of the farm is often underestimated. Hazards and their associated risk factors can be controlled within the farm-specific standards and tolerances, as targets can be controlled by corrective measures and by implementation of farm-specific worksheets. The veterinarian is pivotal for the facility-based HACCP team, since he/she has knowledge about on-farm risk assessment and relations between clinical pathology, feed and farm management. The HACCP concept in combination with veterinary herd health and production management programmes offers a promising approach to optimise on-farm production processes (i.e., young stock rearing in addition to a structural approach for quality risk management on dairy farms.

  14. Imbedding HACCP principles in dairy herd health and production management: case report on calf rearing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boersema, Jsc; Noordhuizen, Jptm; Vieira, A; Lievaart, Jj; Baumgartner, W

    2008-09-01

    Driven by consumer demands, European legislation has suggested the use of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) as the quality risk management programme for the whole dairy chain. Until now, an exception has been made for primary producers, but as regulations evolve, on-farm HACCP-like programmes should be ready to assure food safety as well as animal health and animal welfare. In our field experiment, the HACCP-concept was used to combine both optimal farm management and formalisation of quality assurance in an on-farm situation in the Netherlands. The process of young stock rearing was chosen, since its importance for the future of the farm is often underestimated. Hazards and their associated risk factors can be controlled within the farm-specific standards and tolerances, as targets can be controlled by corrective measures and by implementation of farm-specific worksheets. The veterinarian is pivotal for the facility-based HACCP team, since he/she has knowledge about on-farm risk assessment and relations between clinical pathology, feed and farm management. The HACCP concept in combination with veterinary herd health and production management programmes offers a promising approach to optimise on-farm production processes (i.e., young stock rearing) in addition to a structural approach for quality risk management on dairy farms.

  15. HACCP在禽肉、水产品加工中的应用%HACCP in Poultry and Seafood

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    陈本洲; 李海锋

    2003-01-01

    Poultry and seafood are important parts of food processing. In this article, the seven principles of HACCP and its application in poultry and seafood were described. From material to product, the hazard was deeply analysis. Based on this analysis, many methods were put up for setting up HACCP system in poultry and seafood factories, the relation of trade and HACCP also has been narrated.

  16. Pré-requisitos para implementação do sistema APPCC em uma linha de alface minimamente processada Requirements for HACCP system implementation in a minimally processed plant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriano Gomes da Cruz

    2006-03-01

    Full Text Available Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF e Procedimentos Padrão de Higienização Operacional (PPHO são Programas Pré-requisitos (PPRs para implementação do sistema APPCC, sendo, em função disto, etapa inicial na adoção de sistemas de garantia de qualidade na indústria de alimentos. Nesse trabalho, foi avaliada uma unidade de processamento mínimo de hortaliças segundo uma auditoria, análises microbiológicas da água, equipamentos, utensílios e manipuladores. Foram verificadas diversas não-conformidades relacionadas à auditoria na unidade produtora. Nas análises microbiológicas foram identificados grupos microbianos em níveis superiores aos estabelecidos pela legislação (variação de 16 NMP/100 mL e 7-2400 NMP/cm² para coliformes a 35°C e a 44°C, na água e nos equipamentos e/ou utensílios, respectivamente. S. aureus não foi detectado nos manipuladores, enquanto que E. coli mostrou-se presente nos manipuladores e ausente na água. Os resultados revelam que a unidade produtora não tem as condições necessárias para a implementação do APPCC, sendo necessárias medidas corretivas, entre as quais, o ajuste do layout do processo, implementação de controle de pragas, treinamento para os manipuladores, além de controle efetivo dos parâmetros operacionais.Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP and Sanitation Standard Procedures Operation (SSOP are Pre-requisite Programs (PPRs for the HACCP system implementation, being the initial step at the adoption of an Assurance Quality System in the Food Industry. A Brazilian produce line was evaluated according to PPRs compliance and microbiological analysis of processing water, equipments/utensils and workers of packing room were performed. Several failures were detected in the auditing and presence of pathogens and microbial groups at values from the Brazilian legislation (range from 16 MNP/100 mL and 7-2400 MPN/cm² for total and fecal coliform at the water processing and equipments

  17. Sustainable improvement of animal health care by systematic quality risk management according to the HACCP concept.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Noordhuizen, J P; Welpelo, H J

    1996-12-01

    This paper addresses the principles of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept as applied to animal health management strategy. Characteristics of the concept were analysed and compared with those of current animal health care strategies for disease risk identification and herd health management, insurance, and certification. HACCP is a hybrid strategy of quality control at both production process and product level. Animal health is considered a particular quality feature. We show that process control (expressed in terms of controlling both general and specific disease risk factors) and product control (expressed in terms of testing animals or animal products for specific disease agents) could form the basis for improving animal health. We conclude that HACCP provides ample opportunity for preventive health action and risk management at a relatively low cost in terms of labour, finance and documentation expenditure, at both the farm and sector level. Epidemiological field studies are currently needed to identify critical control points and to design HACCP procedures for livestock producers. In the long run, HACCP based animal health care can be further developed into a quality control systems approach to cover all aspects that are related, either directly or indirectly, to animal health.

  18. Establish Central Kitchen under HACCP Control in Food and Beverage Industry to Ensure Food Safety and Hygiene

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cuihua Qi

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available In recent years, food safety and hygiene have been a social problem. So, it is worth studying in-depth that how to control the safety and hygiene of food and beverage. This paper proposes to establish central kitchens under HACCP control to ensure food safety and hygiene in the food and beverage industry. Considering the practical difficulties in the application of HACCP, this paper introduces the establishment of dishes HACCP system with some examples to give the reference of the food and beverage industry. Central kitchens have many advantages while HACCP is the golden standard to ensure food safety and hygiene, hence, it will ensure food safety and hygiene if both can be combined with in the use of food and beverage industry.

  19. Metal food packaging design based on hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP system in canned food safety

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Li Xingyi

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available This study aims to design metal food packaging with hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP. First, theory of HACCP was introduced in detail. Taking empty cans provided by Wuxi Huapeng Food Packaging Company as an example, we studied migration of bisphenol compounds in coating of food can to food stimulant. Moreover, packaging design of luncheon meat can was taken as an example to confirm whether HACCP system could effectively control migration of phenolic substance. Results demonstrated that, coating of such empty were more likely to contain multiple bisphenol compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA, and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE was considered as the leading bisphenol pollutant; food stimulant of different types, storage temperature and time could all impact migration of bisphenol compounds. HACCP system was proved to be effective in controlling hazards of phenolic substance in luncheon meat can and could reduce various phenolic substance indexes to an acceptable range. Therefore, HACCP can control migration of phenolic substance and recontamination of food and thus ensure food safety.

  20. [Implementation of the HACCP system in the production line of the traditional sandwich in Phnom Penh City, Cambodia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lay, Kruy Sun; Song, Ping; Merch, Keuth; Sakona, Phoeurng; Buisson, Y

    2004-02-01

    From July 2000 to July 2001, the hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) system was implemented to the benefit of the traditional sandwich production in Phnom Penh City Sandwiches were initially analyzed for bacterial indicators among 6 large-scale producers during a 2 months period. In the second stage of the study, two selected producers were involved in the HACCP process. Microbiological analyses revealed a poor sanitary quality of samples from all the production lines tested. Implementation of HACCP method resulted in a reduction of microbial contamination, but this decrease was not significant compared with others steps of HACCP process (chi2 test for trend, p > 0.05). HACCP system was well accepted by producers but routine practices and wrong perception by production-line workers did limit the success of the process. A regulation on the mass catering sector should be part of a large strategy of food safety and environmental health in the city.

  1. An eight-year report on the implementation of HACCP in a university canteen: impact on the microbiological quality of meals.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Babini, Valentina; Tavoletti, Stefano; Clementi, Francesca

    2011-04-01

    An investigation aimed at assessing the microbiological quality of meals consumed at a university canteen after implementation of the HACCP system and personnel training was carried out. Cooked and warm-served products (74 samples), cooked and cold-served products (92 samples) and cold gastronomy products (63 samples) sampled from 2000 to 2007 underwent microbiological analyses. All the samples were tested for: Samonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, total mesophilic aerobes, coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and sulphite-reducing clostridia. The microbiological contamination of work surfaces (tables, tablewares, cutters, ladles, slicing machines, wash-basins, etc.), hands and white coats of members of the canteen staff was also assessed. The microbiological results clearly demonstrated the success of the HACCP plan implementation, through a general improvement of the hygiene conditions of both meals and work surfaces. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

  2. Development of a HACCP-based approach to control paratuberculosis in infected Irish dairy herds.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McAloon, Conor G; Whyte, Paul; More, Simon J; O'Grady, Luke; Doherty, Michael L

    2015-06-15

    Paratuberculosis is a challenging disease to control at farm level, in part due to the poor sensitivity of diagnostic tests and a prolonged incubation period. Simulation studies have highlighted on-farm management to be the most important factor in preventing on-farm spread. A risk assessment (RA) and management plan (MP) approach (collectively, RAMP) has been adopted around the world as the most appropriate method of controlling disease in infected farms. However, there are problems with RAMP that remain to be resolved. The RA relies heavily on farmer recollection and estimation resulting in subjectivity and substantial inter-observer variability. MPs consist of a series of qualitative, farm specific recommendations showing how management can be improved. However, MP assessment is generally conducted informally, and progress is monitored through 'end-point' diagnostic testing of adult animals and repeated risk assessments. Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) has been developed as a proactive alternative to end-point testing. We hypothesise that farm-based HACCP systems may be a useful alternative to RAMP on farms where more intensive monitoring and evaluation of controls for paratuberculosis is required. Therefore, the objective of this methodological study was to develop a HACCP-based system for paratuberculosis control. Critical control points (CCPs) relating to peri-parturient area management, calving, new-born calf management and colostrum management were identified as areas where additional control could be exerted above existing methods. Novel monitoring systems were developed for each CCP, along with targets and corrective actions. This system is intended for use in high prevalence herds, or farms where more robust monitoring of key control points may be beneficial. It is currently being trialled on infected commercial dairy herds in Ireland. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. HACCP: Integrating Science and Management through ASTM Standards

    Science.gov (United States)

    From a technical perspective, hazard analysis-critical control point (HACCP) evaluation may be considered a risk management tool suited to a wide range of applications. As one outcome of a symposium convened by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) in August, 2005, th...

  4. Readiness to implement Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems in Iowa schools.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Henroid, Daniel; Sneed, Jeannie

    2004-02-01

    To evaluate current food-handling practices, food safety prerequisite programs, and employee knowledge and food safety attitudes and provide baseline data for implementing Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems in school foodservice. One member of the research team visited each school to observe food-handling practices and assess prerequisite programs using a structured observation form. A questionnaire was used to determine employees' attitudes, knowledge, and demographic information. A convenience sample of 40 Iowa schools was recruited with input from the Iowa Department of Education. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. One-way analysis of variance was used to assess differences in attitudes and food safety knowledge among managers, cooks, and other foodservice employees. Multiple linear regression assessed the relationship between manager and school district demographics and the food safety practice score. Proper food-handling practices were not being followed in many schools and prerequisite food safety programs for HACCP were found to be inadequate for many school foodservice operations. School foodservice employees were found to have a significant amount of food safety knowledge (15.9+/-2.4 out of 20 possible points). School districts with managers (P=.019) and employees (P=.030) who had a food handler certificate were found to have higher food safety practice scores. Emphasis on implementing prerequisite programs in preparation for HACCP is needed in school foodservice. Training programs, both basic food safety such as ServSafe and HACCP, will support improvement of food-handling practices and implementation of prerequisite programs and HACCP.

  5. The use of quantitative risk assessment in HACCP

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoornstra, E.; Northolt, M.D.; Notermans, S.; Barendsz, A.W.

    2001-01-01

    During the hazard analysis as part of the development of a HACCP-system, first the hazards (contaminants) have to be identified and then the risks have to be assessed. Often, this assessment is restricted to a qualitative analysis. By using elements of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) the hazard

  6. [On peculiarities of introduction of HACCP in public catering].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Matison, V A; Ktiukova, E V; Shilov, G Iu

    2006-01-01

    The article deals with the introduction of HACCP system (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) in cooking food in public catering facilities: restaurant, dining-room, cafe and others. The article considers the advantages of this system and results of its introduction.

  7. Development of hazard analysis by critical control points (HACCP) procedures to control organic chemical hazards in the agricultural production of raw food commodities.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ropkins, Karl; Ferguson, Andrew; Beck, Angus J

    2003-01-01

    Hazard Analysis by Critical Control Points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to the identification, assessment, and control of hazards in the food chain. Effective HACCP requires the consideration of all chemical microbiological, and physical hazards. However, current procedures focus primarily on microbiological and physical hazards, while chemical aspects of HACCP have received relatively little attention. In this article we discuss the application of HACCP to organic chemical contaminants and the problems that are likely to be encountered in agriculture. We also present generic templates for the development of organic chemical contaminant HACCP procedures for selected raw food commodities, that is, cereal crops,raw meats, and milk.

  8. The implementation of HACCP management system in a chocolate ice cream plant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Junchao Lu

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available To guarantee the safety of chocolate ice cream production, the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP system was applied to the production process. The biological, chemical, and physical hazards that may exist in every step of chocolate ice cream production were identified. In addition, the critical control points were selected and the critical limits, monitoring, corrective measures, records, and verifications were established. The critical control points, which include pasteurization and freezing, were identified. Implementing the HACCP system in food manufacturing can effectively ensure food safety and quality, expand the market, and improve the manufacturers' management level.

  9. Vyhodnotenie systému HACCP vo vybranom reštauračnom zariadení

    OpenAIRE

    Svitek, Andrej

    2013-01-01

    The aim of the thesis is to thoroughly evaluate the usage of the HACCP system in a specific restaurant. Firstly, the basics of food hygiene, wholesomeness of foodstuffs, HACCP, good manufacturing practice and good hygienic practice are explained in the theoretical part. Subsequently, a comprehensive overview of legislative requirements is created. In the empirical part, an analysis of a specific restaurant is conducted. The defects that are identified in the analysis are then eliminated by em...

  10. APPLICATION OF THE HACCP METHOD IN THE SWINE ABATTOIR BY SCALDING-SKINNING ECOLOGICAL PROCESSING / APPLICATION DE LA METHODE HACCP DANS L’ABATTOIR PORCIN PAR LE PROCESSUS ECOLOGIQUE D’ÉCHAUDAGE-DÉPEÇAGE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    IULIAN SUCEVEANU

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available In the food industry development, the food safety and the valorization of by-products represent important aspects. The present study consists in the application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP method in pig slaughterhouses for scalding-skinning technology in order to ensure the conformity of meat quality and the by-products management and recycling. In order to optimize the scalding-skinning process of swine, all the classical technological steps of the technological processes were analyzed separately and globally, with the adaptation of the HACCP method for the new technology. The result of this study shows that the implementation of the new technology that combines existing technologies has many advantages from both an economic and a technological point of view. At the same time the new technology ensures food safety by taking account of the application of the food safety system, respectively, HACCP method.

  11. ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS DURING A HACCP PROGRAMME APPLIED TO SCHOOL CATERING OF THE PERUGIA MUNICIPALITY: YEARS 2008-2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D. Miraglia

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available This paper reports the results obtained during the analyses performed to evaluate the correct implementation of an HACCP plan in the school catering services of Perugia operating with the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche (IZSUM. The microbiological analyses concern the years 2008-2010 for a total of 4050 determination relative to 79 facilities. The analytical results show the risks are kept at an acceptable level in all the canteens sampled. In the time period considered no foodborne diseases were reported.

  12. Penerapan Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP terhadap penurunan bahaya mikrobiologis pada makanan khusus anak berbasis hewani di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Soedarsono Pontianak

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Widyana Lakshmi Puspita

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Background: One way to improve the quality of food provision in hospitals is by implementing hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP in food processing. Objective: The study aimed to identify the effect of HACCP implementation to the decrease of microbiological hazards of foods for children in particular at Nutrition Installation of Dr. Soedarso Hospital of Pontianak. Methods: The study was a quasi experiment that use multiple time series design with intervention and cassation of intervention (ABA time series chain. Samples of the study were animal based food for children, cooking utensils used preparation, processing, and distribution of the food, the food providers and food processing containers. Samples were taken 3 times before and after the implementation of HACCP, each within a week duration. Result: Average germ rate in foods and cooking utensils before implementation of HACCP was relatively high. After the implementation of HACCP there was a decrease. The result of statistical analysis showed that there were effects of HACCP implementation to the reduction of microbiological hazards in foods and cooking utensils (p<0.05. Average score of knowledge on sanitation hygiene of food and practice of sanitation hygiene of foods after HACCP implementation increased. There was an increase of average score of knowledge on food sanitation hygiene and practice of food sanitation hygiene of HACCP implementation (p<0.05. Average score of sanitation hygiene of food processing container after HACCP implementation increased. Conclusion: The implementation of HACCP could reduce microbiological hazards (germ rate of animal based special foods for children.

  13. ESTRATEGIA ARPCC EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE SEMILLAS GERMINADAS HACCP STRATEGY IN THE PRODUCTION OF GERMINATED SEEDS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DIANA CAROLINA CHAPARRO

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available El Análisis de Riesgos y Puntos Críticos de Control conocido como ARPCC (HACCP, es un método sistemático, preventivo dirigido a la identificación, evaluación y control de los peligros asociados con las materias primas, ingredientes, procesos, comercialización y uso por el consumidor, a fin de garantizar la inocuidad del alimento. Este artículo expone una propuesta de una estrategia ARPCC orientada a garantizar la inocuidad de las semillas germinadas, basada en el sistema de ARPCC. Para ello se determinaron los riesgos (biológicos, físicos y químicos, se identificaron Puntos Críticos de Control (PCC, se establecieron límites críticos, se propusieron medidas preventivas y acciones correctivas. La metodología implementada se fundamentó en la aplicación de los Siete Principios Básicos establecidos por el Codex Alimentarius, obteniendo como resultado el diseño de la estrategia; como resultado se entregan los procedimientos indicados para obtener semillas germinadas para la alimentación humana totalmente inocuos.The Analysis of Risks and Critical Control points known like ARPCC (HACCP, it is a systematic, preventive method directed to the identification, evaluation and control of the dangers associated with the raw materials, ingredients, processes, marketing and use for the costumer in order to guarantee the innocuousness of the food. This article suggests a strategy ARPCC orientated to guaranteeing the innocuousness of the seeds germinated, based on ARPCC's system. For it the risks was established, biological, chemical and physical, there were identified Critical Points of Control (PCC, critical limits were established, they proposed preventive measures and corrective actions. The implemented methodology was based on the application of seven basic principles established by the Codex Alimentarius; the result was, the design of the strategy and the presentation of the indicated procedure to obtain germinated seeds for the human

  14. The implementation of HACCP management system in a chocolate ice cream plant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Junchao; Pua, Xiao-Hui; Liu, Chi-Te; Chang, Che-Lang; Cheng, Kuan-Chen

    2014-09-01

    To guarantee the safety of chocolate ice cream production, the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system was applied to the production process. The biological, chemical, and physical hazards that may exist in every step of chocolate ice cream production were identified. In addition, the critical control points were selected and the critical limits, monitoring, corrective measures, records, and verifications were established. The critical control points, which include pasteurization and freezing, were identified. Implementing the HACCP system in food manufacturing can effectively ensure food safety and quality, expand the market, and improve the manufacturers' management level. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  15. Et İşletmelerine HACCP Programının Yerleştirilmesi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayla Soyer

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Tehlike Analizleri ve Kritik Kontrol Noktaları (HACCP programı, sağlık açısından güvenilir gıda üretimini sağlamak amacıyla, proses sırasında söz konusu olabilecek tehlikeleri tanımlama ve kontrol etme aracı olarak et işletmelerinde kullanımı giderek artan bir kontrol sistemidir. Et işletmelerine HACCP programının yerleştirilmesi, raf ömrü sınırlı olan ve uygun olmayan koşullarda işlendiğinde veya muhafaza edildiğindi insan sağlığına yönelik ciddi riskler taşıyan et ve et ürünlerinin güvenirliğini sağlaması bakımından önemlidir. HACCP yaklaşımı, özellikle mikro biyolojik tehlikeleri ve çıkması olası problemleri ortaya çıkmadan önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

  16. Evaluation of an active learning module to teach hazard and risk in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) classes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oyarzabal, Omar A; Rowe, Ellen

    2017-04-01

    The terms hazard and risk are significant building blocks for the organization of risk-based food safety plans. Unfortunately, these terms are not clear for some personnel working in food manufacturing facilities. In addition, there are few examples of active learning modules for teaching adult participants the principles of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP). In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of an active learning module to teach hazard and risk to participants of HACCP classes provided by the University of Vermont Extension in 2015 and 2016. This interactive module is comprised of a questionnaire; group playing of a dice game that we have previously introduced in the teaching of HACCP; the discussion of the terms hazard and risk; and a self-assessment questionnaire to evaluate the teaching of hazard and risk. From 71 adult participants that completed this module, 40 participants (56%) provided the most appropriate definition of hazard, 19 participants (27%) provided the most appropriate definition of risk, 14 participants (20%) provided the most appropriate definitions of both hazard and risk, and 23 participants (32%) did not provide an appropriate definition for hazard or risk. Self-assessment data showed an improvement in the understanding of these terms (P active learning modules to teach food safety classes. This study suggests that active learning helps food personnel better understand important food safety terms that serve as building blocks for the understanding of more complex food safety topics.

  17. HACCP and the management of healthcare associated infections: are there lessons to be learnt from other industries?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Griffith, Chris

    2006-01-01

    Hospital cleaning and healthcare associated infections (HCAIs) continue to attract adverse media attention and consumer concern. Parallels exist with similar publicity relating to cleaning and food safety in the food industry almost 13 years earlier. This paper examines some of the management solutions developed in the food industry, and discusses their application to healthcare delivery. The food industry is managing food safety by adopting a dual approach based on pre-requisite programmes and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). How these differ is described and how the approaches and terminology can be adapted for use in healthcare is discussed. The food industry is moving towards external certification of safety using national and international standards. The HACCP approach, a management tool and a central requirement of these standards, is evolving and there is interest worldwide from the healthcare community. Its application to the decontamination of endoscopes, using conventional HACCP, is presented, as well as suggestions for a simplified format for managing patient-related procedures. Taking this type of approach to the management of HCAIs could provide greater transparency, reduce infection rates and increase consumer confidence. Potential problems in adopting HACCP, including cost and human resource, are discussed. The HACCP method/approach has previously been mentioned in the medical literature but this paper is one of the few to examine, from basic principles, its infection control application within a broader approach to quality assurance.

  18. Washing and chilling as critical control points in pork slaughter hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bolton, D J; Pearce, R A; Sheridan, J J; Blair, I S; McDowell, D A; Harrington, D

    2002-01-01

    The aim of this research was to examine the effects of preslaughter washing, pre-evisceration washing, final carcass washing and chilling on final carcass quality and to evaluate these operations as possible critical control points (CCPs) within a pork slaughter hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system. This study estimated bacterial numbers (total viable counts) and the incidence of Salmonella at three surface locations (ham, belly and neck) on 60 animals/carcasses processed through a small commercial pork abattoir (80 pigs d(-1)). Significant reductions (P HACCP in pork slaughter plants. This research will provide a sound scientific basis on which to develop and implement effective HACCP in pork abattoirs.

  19. Testing to fulfill HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points) requirements: principles and examples.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gardner, I A

    1997-12-01

    On-farm HACCP (hazard analysis critical control points) monitoring requires cost-effective, yet accurate and reproducible tests that can determine the status of cows, milk, and the dairy environment. Tests need to be field-validated, and their limitations need to be established so that appropriate screening strategies can be initiated and test results can be rationally interpreted. For infections and residues of low prevalence, tests or testing strategies that are highly specific help to minimize false-positive results and excessive costs to the dairy industry. The determination of the numbers of samples to be tested in HACCP monitoring programs depends on the specific purpose of the test and the likely prevalence of the agent or residue at the critical control point. The absence of positive samples from a herd test should not be interpreted as freedom from a particular agent or residue unless the entire herd has been tested with a test that is 100% sensitive. The current lack of field-validated tests for most of the chemical and infectious agents of concern makes it difficult to ensure that the stated goals of HACCP programs are consistently achieved.

  20. Post-operative endophthalmitis: the application of hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) to an infection control problem.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baird, D R; Henry, M; Liddell, K G; Mitchell, C M; Sneddon, J G

    2001-09-01

    Hazard analysis critical control points (HACCP) is a quality assurance system widely used in the food industry to ensure safety. We adopted the HACCP approach when conventional infection control measures had failed to solve an ongoing problem with an increased incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis, and our ophthalmology unit was threatened with permanent cessation of intraocular surgery. Although time-consuming, the result was an entirely new set of protocols for the care of patients undergoing intraocular surgery, the development of an integrated care pathway, and a comprehensive and robust audit programme, which enabled intraocular surgery to continue in a new spirit of confidence. HACCP methodology has so far been little used in healthcare, but it might be usefully applied to a variety of apparently intractable infection control problems. Copyright 2001 The Hospital Infection Society.

  1. Seafood safety: economics of hazard analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) programmes

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Cato, James C

    1998-01-01

    .... This document on economic issues associated with seafood safety was prepared to complement the work of the Service in seafood technology, plant sanitation and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) implementation...

  2. Analysis of School Food Safety Programs Based on HACCP Principles

    Science.gov (United States)

    Roberts, Kevin R.; Sauer, Kevin; Sneed, Jeannie; Kwon, Junehee; Olds, David; Cole, Kerri; Shanklin, Carol

    2014-01-01

    Purpose/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine how school districts have implemented food safety programs based on HACCP principles. Specific objectives included: (1) Evaluate how schools are implementing components of food safety programs; and (2) Determine foodservice employees food-handling practices related to food safety.…

  3. El sistema internacional -HACCP- en el actual derecho interno argentino : A propósito del acuerdo de medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias de la OMC y las barreras no arancelarias al comercio internacional

    OpenAIRE

    Novoa Farkas, María Luz Macarena

    2008-01-01

    El programa de Análisis de Peligros y Puntos Críticos de Control conocido por su siglas HACCP, Hazar Análisis Critical Control Points,es un método de fiscalizacalización de productos caracterizado por presentar enfoques preventivos y sistemáticos, para eliminar o minimizar los peligros físicos, químicos y biológicos en los alimentos, constituyendo, en la actualidad, la mejor herramienta para el logro de la inocuidad alintaria. La implementación de este Sistema, mundialmente exigido contrib...

  4. Integration of Aquifer Storage Transfer and Recovery and HACCP for Ensuring Drinking Water Quality

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, S. I.; Ji, H. W.

    2015-12-01

    The integration of ASTR (Aquifer Storage Transfer and Recovery) and HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) is being attempted to ensure drinking water quality in a delta area. ASTR is a water supply system in which surface water is injected into a well for storage and recovered from a different well. During the process natural water treatment is achieved in the aquifer. ASTR has advantages over surface reservoirs in that the water is protected from external contaminants and free from water loss by evaporation. HACCP, originated from the food industry, can efficiently manage hazards and reduce risks when it is introduced to the drinking water production. The study area is the located in the Nakdong River Delta, South Korea. Water quality of this region has been deteriorated due to the increased pollution loads from the upstream cities and industrial complexes. ASTR equipped with HACCP system is suggested as a means to heighten the public trust in drinking water. After the drinking water supply system using ASTR was decomposed into ten processes, principles of HACCP were applied. Hazardous event analysis was conducted for 114 hazardous events and nine major hazardous events were identified based on the likelihood and the severity assessment. Potential risk of chemical hazards, as a function of amounts, travel distance and toxicity, was evaluated and the result shows the relative threat a city poses to the drinking water supply facility. Next, critical control points were determined using decision tree analysis. Critical limits, maximum and/or minimum values to which biological, chemical or physical parameters must be controlled, were established. Other procedures such as monitoring, corrective actions and will be presented.

  5. Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) in dried anchovy production process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Citraresmi, A. D. P.; Wahyuni, E. E.

    2018-03-01

    The aim of this study was to inspect the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) for identification and prevention of potential hazards in the production process of dried anchovy at PT. Kelola Mina Laut (KML), Lobuk unit, Sumenep. Cold storage process is needed in each anchovy processing step in order to maintain its physical and chemical condition. In addition, the implementation of quality assurance system should be undertaken to maintain product quality. The research was conducted using a survey method, by following the whole process of making anchovy from the receiving raw materials to the packaging of final product. The method of data analysis used was descriptive analysis method. Implementation of HACCP at PT. KML, Lobuk unit, Sumenep was conducted by applying Pre Requisite Programs (PRP) and preparation stage consisting of 5 initial stages and 7 principles of HACCP. The results showed that CCP was found in boiling process flow with significant hazard of Listeria monocytogenesis bacteria and final sorting process with significant hazard of foreign material contamination in the product. Actions taken were controlling boiling temperature of 100 – 105°C for 3 - 5 minutes and training for sorting process employees.

  6. Plan de marketing para un vivero de planta ornamental

    OpenAIRE

    MARCH CUBERTORET, PAULA

    2017-01-01

    [ES] Se ha realizado un plan de marketing de un vivero de planta ornamental interior en Petrés (Valencia), así como un estudio de mercado para analizar las necesidades del consumidor y proponer mejorar el posicionamiento de la empresa para finalmente aumentar las ventas de sus productos. March Cubertoret, P. (2017). Plan de marketing para un vivero de planta ornamental. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/92819 TFGM

  7. [Incorporation of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system (HACCP) in food legislation].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Castellanos Rey, Liliana C; Villamil Jiménez, Luis C; Romero Prada, Jaime R

    2004-01-01

    The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system (HACCP), recommended by different international organizations as the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Office of Epizootics (OIE) and the International Convention for Vegetables Protection (ICPV) amongst others, contributes to ensuring the innocuity of food along the agro-alimentary chain and requires of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for its implementation, GMP's which are legislated in most countries. Since 1997, Colombia has set rules and legislation for application of HACCP system in agreement with international standards. This paper discusses the potential and difficulties of the legislation enforcement and suggests some policy implications towards food safety.

  8. POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF THE HACCP SYSTEM RULES IN THE PROCESS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN AGRICULTURAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Kaczmarek

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents theoretical issues concerning the possibilities of application of the HACCP system rules in the process of improving the quality of education in secondary schools. The carried out analysis show that it is possible to apply the HACCP system rules in secondary schools. Implementation of the HACCP system rules in schools can be beneficial in four areas: economically-financial, organisational, educational and social. Moreover, the education security would increase, the intellectual loss and failure of students would be diminished and on the educational market an increase of competitiveness and trust to school and its graduates would be observed.

  9. Effect of the implementation of HACCP on the microbiological quality of meals at a university restaurant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cenci-Goga, B T; Ortenzi, R; Bartocci, E; Codega de Oliveira, A; Clementi, F; Vizzani, A

    2005-01-01

    A study was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality, including total mesophilic counts and markers of bacteriological hygiene, as indicator of food safety of three categories of the most consumed meals in a university restaurant, before and after implementation of the HACCP system and personnel training. Cold gastronomy products, cooked warm-served products, and cooked cold-served products were tested for bacterial contamination. Throughout the experiment, 894 samples were examined for total counts of aerobic bacteria, counts of indicator organisms (coliform organisms and Escherichia coli) and pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes). Implementation of the HACCP system, together with training in personnel hygiene, good manufacturing practices, and cleaning and sanitation procedures, resulted in lower aerobic plate counts and a lower incidence of S. aureus, coliform organisms, E. coli, and B. cereus, whereas Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not found in all samples studied. The microbial results of this study demonstrate that personnel training together with HACCP application contributed to improve the food safety of meals served in the restaurant studied.

  10. RESPONSIBILITIES OF FOOD BUSINESS OPERATORS RELATED TO FOOD SAFETY: CONCERNS RELATED TO HACCP IN MICRO-BUSINESSES FOOD COMPANIES

    OpenAIRE

    T. Civera; D. Nucera; A. Bellio; M. Botosso; M. Mora; R. Goi; B. Griglio

    2012-01-01

    The research was aimed at collecting information on food safety knowledge by operators of small and less developed food businesses. This will allow to reveal what are the real drawbacks in HACCP application in these realities. Fifty meat producing plants located in Piedmont region were involved. In all the plants a questionnaire with questions on HACCP system was submitted. The analysis of the collected answers, evidenced that 42% of the operators needed to perform structural modifications in...

  11. Pasteurised milk and implementation of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    T.B Murdiati

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of pasteurisation is to destroy pathogen bacteria without affecting the taste, flavor, and nutritional value. A study on the implementation of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point in producing pasteurized milk was carried out in four processing unit of pasteurised milk, one in Jakarta, two in Bandung and one in Bogor. The critical control points in the production line were identified. Milk samples were collected from the critical points and were analysed for the total number of microbes. Antibiotic residues were detected on raw milks. The study indicated that one unit in Bandung dan one unit in Jakarta produced pasteurized milk with lower number of microbes than the other units, due to better management and control applied along the chain of production. Penisilin residues was detected in raw milk used by unit in Bogor. Six critical points and the hazard might arise in those points were identified, as well as how to prevent the hazards. Quality assurance system such as HACCP would be able to produce high quality and safety of pasteurised milk, and should be implemented gradually.

  12. A HACCP-based approach to mastitis control in dairy herds. Part 2: Implementation and evaluation

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-01-01

    Part 1 of the study described the development of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) based programme and accompanying handbook for the control of mastitis. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of customised HACCP-based programmes, which were developed from the handbook and assessed on six Irish dairy farms. Both quantitative and qualitative (action research) research methodologies were used to measure the success of implementation and efficacy of control of sub-clinical mastitis as measured by Somatic Cell Counts (SCC) and the degree of compliance by farmers in adopting and maintaining recommendations throughout the course of the study period. No overall differences in SCC before and during the implementation of the study were found when all six farms were considered together. Three of the six study farms experienced a significant decrease in herd milk recorded SCC during the implementation of the control programme. An essential part of the study was achieving initial agreement on recommendations as well as ongoing monitoring of compliance during the study. This pilot study shows that HACCP can be implemented on farms as a means of working towards the control of mastitis and that farmer attitude, and understanding of mastitis are crucial in terms of motivation irrespective of practical approaches used to manage mastitis. PMID:21777494

  13. Application of HACCP in Production of Chilled Meat%HACCP体系在冷却肉生产中的应用

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    刘娟

    2012-01-01

    介绍了HACCP体系及其在肉制品中的应用现状,并阐述了HACCP质量管理体系在冷却肉生产加工过程中的应用.%This paper introduced the HACCP system and its application status in meat product, and then expounded the application of HACCP quality management system in the processing of chilled pork.

  14. PENERAPAN HACCP BUBUR BAYI BERAS MERAH TERHADAP PENERIMAAN DAN LAMA WAKTU SIMPAN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Riska Listyanti

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan terlaksananya penerapan HACCP untuk bubur beras me-rah yang ditujukan untuk bayi usia 6-10 bulan, dan secara khusus menetapkan perbedaan lama waktu simpan bubur tersebut antara penerapan HACCP (variasi 1 dengan penerapan HACCP tanpa pengendalian CCP persiapan bahan (variasi 2; sanitasi alat (variasi 3; penjamah (variasi 4; cara pengolahan (variasi 5; penyimpanan (variasi 6 dan penyajian (variasi 7, serta mene-tapkan perbedaan penerimaan bubur beras merah variasi 1 dan bubur organik sebagai kontrol positif. Hal ini dilatar-belakangi karena dalam proses pembuatan bubur beras merah oleh ibu bayi, pada pemilihan bahan, sanitasi alat, penjamah dan cara pengolahan tidak memenuhi sya-rat. Begitu juga pada proses pengolahan bubur organik, pada sanitasi alat, penjamah, penyim-panan dan penyajian juga tidak memenuhi syarat. Metoda pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, dengan bahan penelitian bubur hasil olahan sendiri. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa: bayi homogenisasi yang menerima bubur beras merah olahan sendiri adalah sebesar 73,25 %, dan yang menerima bubur organik pabrikan sebesar 46,5 %; penerimaan bubur beras merah dengan bubur organik berbeda secara bermakna (nilai p: 0,022. Selain itu diketahui pula bahwa lama waktu simpan bubur beras merah variasi 1 lebih dari 12 jam; variasi 2, 12 jam ( p: 1,00; variasi 3, 12 jam (p: 0,831; variasi 4, 11 jam (p: 0,862; variasi 5, 11 jam (p: 0,478; variasi 6, 8 jam (p: 0,155; dan variasi 7, 11 jam (p: 0,473. Dengan demiki-an dapat disimpulkan bahwa lama waktu simpan bubur beras merah variasi 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 tidak berbeda dengan variasi 1.

  15. Plan de mercadeo para una promotora de eventos corporativos

    OpenAIRE

    Burbano Zhindon, Andrea Cristina; Chavez Lopez, Maria Cecilia; Orlando Haro, Sofia Pierina; Miranda, Jorge Luis

    2009-01-01

    Este proyecto presenta una alternativa para todas aquellas empresas que realizan eventos frecuentemente, ofreciéndoles un servicio personalizado para la coordinación de cada uno de los detalles que conlleva la organización de un evento. El objetivo fundamental de este estudio es desarrollar un plan de mercadeo para el servicio antes mencionado, aplicando los principios del marketing para su correcta implementación.

  16. Implementação e verificação de sistemas HACCP em clientes da empresa Genialmed

    OpenAIRE

    Pastor, Rute Andreia Lopes

    2014-01-01

    Resumo A empresa Genialmed, Lda., com sede em Buarcos, concelho da Figueira da Foz, apresenta variados serviços, nomeadamente nas áreas da segurança e saúde no trabalho, implementação e manutenção de Sistemas HACCP, e formação, proporcionando apoio às empresas no cumprimento das suas obrigações legais. O estágio na empresa teve como principais objetivos o acompanhamento da implementação e manutenção de Sistemas HACCP, de acordo com as necessidades dos clientes da empresa, bem como a colab...

  17. 21 CFR 123.8 - Verification.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... processor shall verify that the HACCP plan is adequate to control food safety hazards that are reasonably... minimum: (1) Reassessment of the HACCP plan. A reassessment of the adequacy of the HACCP plan whenever any changes occur that could affect the hazard analysis or alter the HACCP plan in any way or at least...

  18. Developing a HACCP-like system for improving animal health and welfare in organic egg production - based on an expert panel analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hegelund, L; Sørensen, J T

    2007-08-01

    In the process of developing a generic Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP)-like system for securing animal health and welfare in organic egg production, an expert panel analysis was used to perform the initial hazard analysis. Eighteen advisers and researchers in organic egg production were included in the expert panel. In a series of four questionnaires, the expert panel first scored 34 health and welfare problems seen in Danish organic egg production. Based on scorings of severity and occurrence, 10 problems were selected for further analysis. The experts subsequently suggested and scored risk factors for those problems and finally suggested control points, alarm values indicating the need for corrective actions in order to control the risk factors and monitoring frequencies of these. The 10 selected problems were hunger, thirst, piling, crop impaction, blackhead, pasteurellosis, bone fractures, cannibalism, predators and red mites. A total of 154 different risk factors were suggested for these problems. The 41 risk factors which rated highest in a combined scoring of importance and occurrence were selected for further analysis. There was a high degree of consensus between experts when scoring both problems and risk factors. The level of consensus, as defined by an interquartile range 1, was 79% to 100% when scoring the health and welfare problems (scale 1-5) and 77% to 95% when scoring the risk factors (scale 1-4). On average, 5.8 control points were suggested for every risk factor. Alarm values were often not detailed enough to be of practical significance and further analysis is needed in order to define these. The experts were highly diverse in their suggested monitoring frequencies and establishment of monitoring schemes should be part of developing the farm specific systems. An expert panel analysis based on questionnaires was a useful tool during the first steps of developing a HACCP plan, conducting a hazard analysis and suggesting control

  19. Evaluation of a HACCP pilot program for the food service industry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abernathy, Tom; Hart, Robert

    2004-01-01

    To evaluate the efficacy and applicability of a HACCP-based program for use in restaurants. A randomly selected sample of 16 intervention and 42 control full service, "stand-alone" restaurants with a minimum of 3 full-time food handling staff on duty per shift. Six communities in Central West Ontario. The Critical Approach, a HACCP-based program for use in restaurants, was designed in consultation with health inspectors and restaurant operators. It focusses on generic risk factors (Critical Control Points, CCPs) for food handlers rather than assessing specific menu items or foods; offers appropriate training of both management and staff; and encourages self-monitoring of CCPs by operators without extensive record keeping or retention. Outcome indicators measured changes in three areas: the environment, knowledge, and behaviour. Results suggest that among a subpopulation of restaurants, the program is acceptable to operators and capable of producing tangible results. Principles and methods of the program (i.e., an initial assessment of the site, working with the operator to identify and suggest improvements, and return visits to monitor compliance) may be transferable to other types of food service operations.

  20. PENERAPAN SISTEM HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN KERIPIK TEMPE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rahmi Yuniarti

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Malang is one of the industrial centers of tempe chips. To maintain the quality and food safety, analysis is required to identify the hazards during the production process. This study was conducted to identify the hazards during the production process of tempe chips and provide recommendations for developing a HACCP system. The phases of production process of tempe chips are started from slice the tempe, move it to the kitchen, coat it with flour dough, fry it in the pan, drain it, package it, and then storage it. There are 3 types of potential hazards in terms of biological, physical, and chemical during the production process. With the CCP identification, there are three processes that have Critical Control Point. There are the process of slicing tempe, immersion of tempe into the flour mixture and draining. Recommendations for the development of HACCP systems include recommendations related to employee hygiene, supporting equipment, 5-S analysis, and the production layout.

  1. Using Dice Games to Teach Hazards, Risk, and Outcomes in HACCP Classes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oyarzabal, Omar A.

    2015-01-01

    This article describes the incorporation of a dice game (piggy) to teach food safety hazards and risk in an engaging way in HACCP classes. Each player accumulates points by rolling two dice, but loses points in a turn when rolling a 7, or all accumulated points when rolling two consecutive doubles. This game helps explain the difference between a…

  2. The effects of mandatory HACCP implementation on microbiological indicators of process hygiene in meat processing and retail establishments in Serbia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tomasevic, Igor; Kuzmanović, Jelena; Anđelković, Aleksandra; Saračević, Miroslava; Stojanović, Marija M; Djekic, Ilija

    2016-04-01

    A total of 48,246 microbiological test results were collected from 130 meat processing plants and 220 meat retail facilities over a seven year period: 41 months before and 43 months after HACCP implementation. Our results confirm a strong positive effect of mandatory HACCP implementation on process hygiene indicators in meat establishments. Significant reductions were observed in the number of hygiene indicator organisms on all types of surfaces examined and types of meat establishments investigated. The improvement of process hygiene was articulated as aerobic colony count reduction of at least 1.0 log10 CFU/cm(2) for food contact surfaces and over 2 log10 CFU/cm(2) for cooling facilities (refrigerators, freezers and other meat cooling devices). Meat handlers' hands hygiene was least positively affected. The period after mandatory HACCP implementation was also marked by a steady decline of positive Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus samples. Process hygiene advances for meat processing plants and meat retail facilities were similar. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. Evaluation of an active learning module to teach hazard and risk in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP classes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Omar A. Oyarzabal

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available The terms hazard and risk are significant building blocks for the organization of risk-based food safety plans. Unfortunately, these terms are not clear for some personnel working in food manufacturing facilities. In addition, there are few examples of active learning modules for teaching adult participants the principles of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of an active learning module to teach hazard and risk to participants of HACCP classes provided by the University of Vermont Extension in 2015 and 2016. This interactive module is comprised of a questionnaire; group playing of a dice game that we have previously introduced in the teaching of HACCP; the discussion of the terms hazard and risk; and a self-assessment questionnaire to evaluate the teaching of hazard and risk. From 71 adult participants that completed this module, 40 participants (56% provided the most appropriate definition of hazard, 19 participants (27% provided the most appropriate definition of risk, 14 participants (20% provided the most appropriate definitions of both hazard and risk, and 23 participants (32% did not provide an appropriate definition for hazard or risk. Self-assessment data showed an improvement in the understanding of these terms (P < 0.05. Thirty participants (42% stated that the most valuable thing they learned with this interactive module was the difference between hazard and risk, and 40 participants (65% responded that they did not attend similar presentations in the past. The fact that less than one third of the participants answered properly to the definitions of hazard and risk at baseline is not surprising. However, these results highlight the need for the incorporation of modules to discuss these important food safety terms and include more active learning modules to teach food safety classes. This study suggests that active learning helps food personnel better understand important

  4. Plan de Mercadeo para una “FinTech”.

    OpenAIRE

    Escalante Lee, Maria Alejandra

    2016-01-01

    Las empresas deben contar con una misión clara, estableciendo los objetivos de apoyo, diseñando una cartera de negocio sólida y coordinar sus estrategias a futuro, con el fin de cumplir las metas propuestas para entregar e intercambiar ofertas que tienen valor para los consumidores, clientes, socios y la sociedad en general. El presente trabajo de grado tiene como objetivo proponer un plan de mercadeo para la empresa Comyno una FinTech ubicada en Frankfurt am Main, en Alemania. Este tiene ...

  5. Policy on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and adherence to food preparation guidelines: a cross sectional survey of stakeholders in food service in Kumasi, Ghana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Agyei-Baffour, Peter; Sekyere, Kofi Boateng; Addy, Ernestine Akosua

    2013-11-04

    Food borne diseases claim more lives and are growing public health concerns. Simple preventive techniques such as adoption and adherence to hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) policy can significantly reduce this disease burden. Though food screening and inspection are done, the ultimate regulation, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point, which is known and accepted worldwide, appears not to be popular among food operators in Ghana. This paper examines the level of awareness of the existence of policy on hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) and its adherence to food preparation guidelines among food service providers in Ghana. The results revealed the mean age of food providers as 33.1 years with a standard deviation of 7.5, range of 18-55 years, more females, in full time employment and with basic education. Of the fifty institutional managers, 42 (84%) were senior officers and had worked for more than five years. Education and type of food operator had strong statistically significant relationship with the implementation of HCCP policy and adherence with food preparation guidelines. The enforcement of HACCP policy and adherence with food safety guidelines was led by the Ghana Tourist Board, Public Health officers, and KMA, respectively. While a majority of food operators 373/450 (83.3%) did not know HACCP policy is part of food safety guidelines, staff of food safety law enforcement 44/50 (88%) confirmed knowing that food operators were not aware of the HACCP policy. The study documents evidence on the practice of food safety principles or HACCP policy or adherence to food preparation guidelines. Existing food safety guidelines incorporate varying principles of HACCP, however, awareness is low among food operators. The implication is that food production is likely to fall short of acceptable standards and not be wholesome putting consumers at health risk. Repeating this study in rural and urban areas in Ghana is necessary to

  6. Application of HACCP in Unit of Group Meal%HACCP体系在集体用餐单位中的应用

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    刘蔚; 姚卫蓉

    2011-01-01

    HACCP was used in the daily food safety management of unit of group meal. First of all, potential hazards each processing procedure may cause were analyzed and 4 critical control points influencing food safty were identified including purchasing raw material, checking before acceptance, cooking process, workers, and tableware cleaning and disinfection. Related intervention measures were formulated and the HACCP plan was established to ensure that the food processing achieve safe levels, and ultimately to prevent the role of food safety problems.%将HACCP体系应用于集体用餐单位的食品安全日常管理中,首先对每个环节可能造成的潜在危害进行了分析,确定了影响食品安全的4个关键控制点,包括原料采购及验收、烹调加工、从业人员和餐具的清洗消毒.据此,分别确定了不同关键点的控制措施,并制订出HACCP计划表,确保集体用餐单位的食品加工过程达到安全水平,最终达到预防食品安全问题发生的作用.

  7. A NEW TOOL FOR OFFICIAL CONTROL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF AN AUDIT PROGRAM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. Vestrini

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available The new EU regulation on feed and food confirm audit like the most important tool for valuating GMP and HACCP procedures on food premises. Authors describe planning and results of 2007 audit activities.

  8. Propuestas para el Plan Nacional de Salud y Medio Ambiente

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José María Ordóñez Iriarte

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available De acuerdo con las estrategias internacionales en materia de salud y medio ambiente, los Ministerios de Sanidad y de Medio Ambiente pusieron en marcha en 2007 los mecanismos necesarios para la elaboración del Plan Nacional de Salud y Medio Ambiente. El primer paso ha sido la firma de un acuerdo de encomienda de gestión con el Instituto de Salud Carlos III para que éste diseñara las bases sobre las que sustentar el plan. El comité científico creado al efecto ha redactado un informe de bases para lo que ha contado con el concurso de un nutrido grupo de expertos. Las propuestas que se recogen en el informe constituyen el contenido del presente trabajo. Las propuestas hacen referencia a los ítems considerados prioritarios en la Estrategia Europea de Medio Ambiente y Salud, es decir, cáncer, alteraciones endocrinas, trastornos del desarrollo neurológico y enfermedades respiratorias, y se organizan en torno a los principales factores de riesgo ambiental para la salud: agua, compuestos químicos tóxicos persistentes, campos electromagnéticos, radicaciones ionizantes, ruido y cambio climático y temperaturas extremas. Para dar consistencia al plan se señalan algunas medidas imprescindibles que aseguren su viabilidad administrativa, política, técnica y financiera. Para darle coherencia, se arbitran unas líneas prioritarias comunes y unas estrategias metodológicas compatibles. Para darle forma, se señalan los programas nacionales que deberán implementarse y que deberán basarse en esa consistencia y coherencia. Más que entrar a concretar lo que se debe hacer —materia propia del futuro plan—, el informe señala cómo se debe hacer para lograr resultados exitosos.

  9. Propuesta para un plan de marketing para el Hotel Haro ubicado en la ciudad de Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    López Zúniga, Susana Cristina; Yanza Barrera, Mariana de Jesús

    2008-01-01

    El plan de marketing es una herramienta de gestión que sirve de base para los otros planes de la empresa como puede ser el plan de producción o el financiero, determina responsabilidades, permite revisiones y controles periódicos para resolver los problemas con anticipación, evitar pérdidas económicas y ayuda a la empresa a estar lista frente a los riegos y oportunidades que se presenten en el mercado. En el espacio donde el mercado se convierte cada vez más competitivo hay menos posibilid...

  10. Hazard, sensorial and economic analysis critical control point (HACCP) check list for radiation sterilized ready-to-eat meals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Haruvy, Y F [Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, Operations Division, QA Department, Yavne (Israel)

    2004-07-01

    The primary objective of this work is to introduce a modified HACCP analysis route, for irradiated prepared meals that addresses not only health hazards but also sensorial failures, economic risks. Above all, this method aims at pinpointing failure modes specific to the radiation pasteurization aspect of the production and the product. The suggested modified analysis should serve all researchers in the CRP in their attempts to transfer their process and product from the laboratory-research type into an industrial one. While in the laboratory we can discard 'failure' samples or lots, or parts of a lot that are of inferior quality, an industrial process must be profitable and, hence, stable and reproducibly producing high quality products. The basic aspects of the HACCP route are: HACCP describes a system of control for assuring food safety and provides a more structured and critical approach to the control of identified hazards than that achievable by traditional inspection and quality control procedures; It has the potential to identify areas of concern where failure has not yet been experienced, making it particularly useful for new operations. The analysis route is exemplified in tables, that cover all the steps involved in the food production, from farm to fork.

  11. 75 FR 28763 - Permission To Use Air Inflation of Meat Carcasses and Parts

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-05-24

    ... Point (HACCP) plans or Sanitation standard operating procedures (Sanitation SOPs) or other prerequisite... into their HACCP plans or Sanitation SOPs or other prerequisite programs. In addition, FSIS is... incorporate their air inflation procedures into their HACCP plans or Sanitation SOPs or other prerequisite...

  12. Plan de marketing para locales de venta de carne porcina

    OpenAIRE

    Córdoba, Federico Nicolás

    2016-01-01

    Tesis (maestría en dirección de negocios) -- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Argentina, 2016 El presente documento tomará como referencia para la elaboración de un Plan de Marketing para la implementación de productos pre-elaborados en los locales pertenecientes a la empresa Cerdo de los Llanos S.A.P.E.M., radicada en la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina. Instalada ya desde el año 2012 como una de las mayores apuestas productivas de un Plan Económico Provin...

  13. [Introduction of hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) principles at the flight catering food production plant].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Popova, A Yu; Trukhina, G M; Mikailova, O M

    In the article there is considered the quality control and safety system implemented in the one of the largest flight catering food production plant for airline passengers and flying squad. The system for the control was based on the Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Points (HACCP) principles and developed hygienic and antiepidemic measures. There is considered the identification of hazard factors at stages of the technical process. There are presented results of the analysis data of monitoring for 6 critical control points over the five-year period. The quality control and safety system permit to decline food contamination risk during acceptance, preparation and supplying of in-flight meal. There was proved the efficiency of the implemented system. There are determined further ways of harmonization and implementation for HACCP principles in the plant.

  14. Plan de comunicación para Barriobar

    OpenAIRE

    Pardo Castillo, Iris

    2016-01-01

    Treball de Final de Grau en Publicitat i Relacions Públiques. Codi: PU0932. Curs acadèmic 2015-2016 Este proyecto es un Trabajo Fin de Grado de la titulación Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas. Se trata de un trabajo de modalidad C que consiste en la elaboración de un Plan de Comunicación íntegro para una empresa. En este caso, para la franquicia de restauración BarrioBar. BarrioBar es una empresa que nació y se expandió a través de Valencia y sus pueblos fronterizos. Con gran...

  15. Can the Hazard Assessment and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system be used to design process-based hygiene concepts?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hübner, N-O; Fleßa, S; Haak, J; Wilke, F; Hübner, C; Dahms, C; Hoffmann, W; Kramer, A

    2011-01-01

    Recently, the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) concept was proposed as possible way to implement process-based hygiene concepts in clinical practice, but the extent to which this food safety concept can be transferred into the health care setting is unclear. We therefore discuss possible ways for a translation of the principles of the HACCP for health care settings. While a direct implementation of food processing concepts into health care is not very likely to be feasible and will probably not readily yield the intended results, the underlying principles of process-orientation, in-process safety control and hazard analysis based counter measures are transferable to clinical settings. In model projects the proposed concepts should be implemented, monitored, and evaluated under real world conditions.

  16. Plan estratégico para la empresa Global Logistics (GL) para el periodo 2017-2019

    OpenAIRE

    Castello Manky, Luis Fernando; Grados Iturrizaga, Miguel Augusto; Hudson Okumura, Ciro

    2017-01-01

    El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad el desarrollo de un plan estratégico para la empresa Global Logistics (GL) para los años 2017 a 2019. Inicia con el análisis y diagnóstico situacional, donde se analiza el macroentorno en base al análisis PESTEL y luego se procede a analizar la industria considerando las cinco fuerzas de Porter, para, finalmente, determinar las oportunidades y amenazas que enfrenta la empresa. Una vez concluido el análisis y diagnóstico situacional, se...

  17. Plan para control de Malaria en Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernando Rey

    1943-02-01

    Full Text Available Con motivo de la colaboración de la Oficina de Relaciones Interamericanas en la solución de algunos problemas de Higiene pública en Colombia, el Secretario del Ministerio de Trabajo, Higiene y Previsión Social, doctor Alfonso Orozco, me pidió la elaboración de un breve plan para control de Paludismo en Colombia. El Plan fué presentado al Ministerio por una parte y por otra enviado al doctor Mark F. Boyd de la International Health Division de la Fundación Rockefeller.

  18. PLAN DE MARKETING PARA EL HOTEL CARRIZAL INN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ángel Guillermo Félix Mendoza

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la elaboración de un plan de marketing para el Hotel Carrizal Inn ubicado en la ciudad de Calceta, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. Se estructuraron tres fases metodológicas, el diagnóstico situacional, estudio de mercado y plan turístico. En la primera fase se delimitó el área de estudio; además se efectuó un análisis interno y externo, utilizando matrices de diagnóstico como la evaluación de factores internos y externos, matriz de competidores y matriz de diagnóstico de fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas. En el estudio de mercado se analizaron los componentes de oferta y demanda del hotel, se determinaron algunas fallas en la denominación utilizada, según los criterios para la categorización hotelera manejada por el Ministerio de Turismo. En función del diagnóstico FODA, se generaron estrategias para el posicionamiento y comercialización del hotel. Mediante las encuestas realizadas a los huéspedes se pudo conocer el perfil del visitante que llega al hotel y se elaboró un plan publicitario, en el cual sobresale el logotipo y slogan, tríptico promocional, la promoción en página web y redes sociales. Se establecieron estrategias del mix para minimizar falencias operativas en el hotel. Se concluye que la principal nomenclatura utilizada no concuerda con los parámetros establecidos por el Ministerio de Turismo, por lo que se plantea reestructurar ciertas áreas específicas como la cantidad de habitaciones o cambiar la denominación a hostal.

  19. Diet Activity Characteristic of Large-scale Sports Events Based on HACCP Management Model

    OpenAIRE

    Xiao-Feng Su; Li Guo; Li-Hua Gao; Chang-Zhuan Shao

    2015-01-01

    The study proposed major sports events dietary management based on "HACCP" management model. According to the characteristic of major sports events catering activities. Major sports events are not just showcase level of competitive sports activities which have become comprehensive special events including social, political, economic, cultural and other factors, complex. Sporting events conferred reach more diverse goals and objectives of economic, political, cultural, technological and other ...

  20. A comparative presentation of implementation of ISO 22000 versus HACCP and FMEA in a small size Greek factory producing smoked trout: a case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis S; Palaiokostas, Christos; Panagiotaki, Panagiota

    2009-02-01

    ISO 22000 is the new standard bound to replace HACCP on issues related to food safety. Although several companies, especially the big ones, have either implemented or are on the point of implementing ISO 22000, there are many others which are rather timid and/or reluctant to implement it. The main reason behind that is the lack of information and the fear that the new standard is too demanding in terms of bureaucratic work. This paper aims at making a comparative presentation of how the two systems can be applied to a small smoked salmon producing company thereby facilitating the emergence of the differences. The main difference is that in ISO 22000 systems like Good Manufacturing Practice and Good Hygiene Practice are prerequisites thus leading to lower number of CCPs. In this case study for example, the number of CCPs dropped from eight (8) in HACCP to four (4) in ISO 22000. Furthermore, the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis was applied to the smoked trout manufacturing process in an attempt to calculate quantitatively the Risk Priority Number (RPN) and to find out whether it can be effectively correlated to ISO 22000 and/or HACCP. RPN was found to be higher than 130 for eight steps, in close agreement with HACCP, thereby indicating that corrective actions will have to be undertaken.

  1. 21 CFR 123.7 - Corrective actions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... of their HACCP plans in accordance with § 123.6(c)(5), by which they predetermine the corrective... in accordance with § 123.10, to determine whether the HACCP plan needs to be modified to reduce the risk of recurrence of the deviation, and modify the HACCP plan as necessary. (d) All corrective actions...

  2. Application of HACCP system in the ice cream production

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meho Bašić

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available For enhancement of quality in all production segments, the ice cream factory «SA&JACOM» Sarajevo has made a decision to introduce a system of quality control and health safety for all of its products.Possible critical control points were analyzed and successfully specified, with hazard reduction to tolerant level, and in some cases with total hazard elimination. Using HACCP methodology, it is expected that the factory will produce the ice-creams with reliable preliminary established quality and accepted level of hygienic and health safety. All the activities are applied in a precise and documented way, so the products of this factory achieve trust of the customers and provide an official production certificate.

  3. Plan de empresa DROP S.A.S. artículos y accesorios para mascotas

    OpenAIRE

    2012-01-01

    Este trabajo es un plan de empresa que determina la viabilidad del proyecto DROP S.A.S, que tiene como finalidad la producción y comercialización de artículos para mascotas. Para lograr este fin, se ha realizado el plan de mercadeo, plan de producción, plan de organización y plan financiero, al hacer un estudio detallado de cada uno de estos módulos Inicialmente se elaboró el plan de mercadeo, en el que se hizo un análisis de las fuerzas del entorno, dentro del cual, se encuentra el estud...

  4. 21 CFR 123.11 - Sanitation control procedures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... records are subject to the requirements of § 123.9. (d) Relationship to HACCP plan. Sanitation controls may be included in the HACCP plan, required by § 123.6(b). However, to the extent that they are monitored in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section they need not be included in the HACCP plan, and...

  5. Zeytinyağı Üretiminde HACCP Uygulamasının Önemi ve Kazandıracakları

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gülgün Yıldız Tiryaki

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Uluslararası ticaretin gelişmesi, tüketicinin bilinçlenmesi, gıda ürünleri satın almada çeşitlilik ve farklılık taleplerinin yani sıra saflık ve çevre kaygısının artması, üreticilerin ve karar alıcıların konuya daha hassas ve bilinçli yaklaşmalarını sağlamıştır. Bu bağlamda, küreselleşen dünyada, HACCP uluslararası platformda kabul görmüş, bilimsel temele dayalı önleyici bir sistem olarak gıda güvenirliliğinde yerini almıştır. Bu itibarla, uluslararası mevzuatlara uyum sağlamak ve Türkiye'nin pazar payının arttırılması yönünden HACCP sistemi, işletmeler açısından giderek önem kazanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile, ülke ekonomisi açısından büyük önemi olan zeytinyağı üretiminde HACCP uygulamasının önemi ve kazandırdıkları ele alınacaktır.

  6. EVALUACIÓN DE PRERREQUISITOS EN EL SISTEMA HACCP EN EMPRESAS DEL SECTOR AGROALIMENTARIO AVALIAÇÃO DE PRERREQUISITOS NO SISTEMA HACCP EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR AGROALIMENTAR EVALUATION OF PREREQUISITES IN HACCP SYSTEM IN AGRO-FOOD INDUSTRY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nelson Gutiérrez

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un diagnóstico de la gestión de la higiene basado en el cumplimiento de los prerrequisitos de un sistema HACCP, en 53 empresas del sector agroalimentario que operan en el departamento del Huila en Colombia. La metodología de evaluación correspondió a la verificación del cumplimiento de las listas de chequeo de dos instrumentos: GHYCAL (Gestión de la Higiene y Calidad y S&Q (Safety and Quality on Food. Los resultados permitieron encontrar niveles de gestión de la higiene en una escala porcentual y clasificar 34 empresas en nivel de cumplimiento bajo, que incluye niveles entre el 0 % y el 75 %; 12 empresas en nivel de cumplimiento básico, al obtener valoraciones entre el 75 % y el 95 %, y 7 empresas con nivel de cumplimiento superior, por resultar con evaluaciones superiores al 95 %; adicionalmente se valoraron similitudes y diferencias entre empresas y entre sectores estudiados, haciendo uso de técnicas de estadística multivariada.Neste artigo apresenta-se um diagnóstico da gestão da higiene baseado no cumprimento dos prerrequisitos do sistema HACCP, em 53 empresas do setor agroalimentar que operam no departamento do Huila, na Colombia. A metodologia de avaliação correspondeu a verificação do cumprimento das listas de verificação de dois instrumentos: GHYCAL (Gestáo da Higiene e Qualidade e S&Q (Safety and Quality on Food. Os resultados permitiram achar níveis da gestáo da higiene em uma escala percentual e classificar 34 empresas no nível baixo de cumprimento, que inclui níveis entre 0 % e 75 %; 12 empresas com nível de cumprimento básico, com valoragoes entre 75 % e 95 %, e 7 empresas com nível de cumprimento superior, com avaliagoes acima do 95 %; adicionalmente, foram valorizadas as semelhangas e as diferengas entre as empresas e os setores estudados, utilizando técnicas da estatística multivariada.This paper presents an analysis of the hygiene management based on the compliance with

  7. 21 CFR 120.3 - Definitions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions § 120.3 Definitions... and technical information to determine whether the HACCP plan, when properly implemented, will... monitoring, that establish the validity of the HACCP plan and that the system is operating according to the...

  8. 76 FR 23823 - Guidance for Industry on Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls, Fourth Edition...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-28

    ... analysis and critical control point (HACCP) methods. DATES: Submit either electronic or written comments on... conducting a hazard analysis and implementing a HACCP plan. Although this guidance document is immediately in... appropriate HACCP plans for those hazards that are reasonably likely to occur. A summary of the changes from...

  9. 21 CFR 120.13 - Training.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions § 120.13 Training... measures, as required by § 120.7. (2) Developing a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan...) Verifying and modifying the HACCP plan in accordance with the corrective action procedures specified in...

  10. Geographic variations and temporal trends of Salmonella-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: a time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chui, Kenneth K H; Webb, Patrick; Russell, Robert M; Naumova, Elena N

    2009-12-03

    About 1.4 million Salmonella infections, a common food-borne illness, occur in the U.S. annually; the elderly (aged 65 or above) are most susceptible. In 1997, the USDA introduced the Pathogen Reduction and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Systems (PR/HACCP) which demands regular Salmonella testing in various establishments processing meat products, such as broiler chickens. Impact evaluations of PR/HACCP on hospitalizations related to Salmonella are lacking. Hospitalization records of the U.S. elderly in 1991-2004 were obtained from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services. Harmonic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the long-term trends of Salmonella-related hospitalizations in pre- and post-HACCP periods. Seasonal characteristics of the outcome in the nine Census divisions of the contiguous U.S. were also derived and contrasted. Predicted rates decreased in most divisions after 1997, except South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central. These three divisions also demonstrated higher overall hospitalization rates, pronounced seasonal patterns, and consistent times to peak at about 32nd to 34th week of the year. The impact of HACCP was geographically different. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central divisions should be targeted in further Salmonella preventive programs. Further research is needed to identify the best program type and timing of implementation.

  11. 21 CFR 123.10 - Training.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... HACCP principles to fish and fishery product processing at least equivalent to that received under... standardized curriculum. (a) Developing a HACCP plan, which could include adapting a model or generic-type HACCP plan, that is appropriate for a specific processor, in order to meet the requirements of § 123.6(b...

  12. Plan de marketing para mejorar los procesos de comercialización para el almacén Arco Iris de Azogues.

    OpenAIRE

    Quevedo Vázquez, Jorge Oswaldo

    2011-01-01

    Elaborar un plan de marketing que le permita adecuarse a las necesidades fluctuantes del mercado, generando una ventaja competitiva, y que logre incrementar su nivel de ventas. Este trabajo de investigación sobre el Plan de Marketing para mejorar los procesos de comercialización para el almacén “ARCO IRIS” en la ciudad de Azogues, se inició con los siguientes informantes: propietario del negocio y funcionarios que realizan sus actividades gerenciales, toma de decisiones y acciones operativ...

  13. Implementation of a validated HACCP system for the control of microbiological contamination of pig carcasses at a small abattoir

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bryant, Jeffrey; Brereton, Donald A.; Gill, Colin O.

    2003-01-01

    To guide the implementation of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system at a small abattoir, the microbiological conditions of pig carcasses at various stages of processing were assessed by enumerating total aerobes, coliforms, and Escherichia coli in samples collected from randomly selected sites on the carcasses. Those data indicated that carcasses were contaminated with bacteria mainly during dehairing and operations on the head. When carcasses were pasteurized after head removal, the numbers of total aerobes on dressed carcasses were reduced by about 1 order and the numbers of coliforms and E. coli were reduced by more than 2 orders of magnitude. Implementation of an HACCP system on the basis of the microbiological data gave cooled carcasses with mean numbers of total aerobes < 100/cm2, and mean numbers of coliforms and E. coli about 1/1000 cm2. PMID:12619556

  14. Desarrollo de plan estratégico para La Fageda

    OpenAIRE

    Parra Saldaña, Filomena Ortencia

    2014-01-01

    El presente trabajo, investiga, desarrolla, analiza y propone, por medio de un plan estratégico, la ruta a seguir por la empresa La Fageda, para el logro de sus objetivos sociales y económicos. Se identifica el modelo de negocio de La Fageda, como un negocio inclusivo que incorpora a personas con discapacidad psíquica e intelectual, personas tipificadas como de alto riesgo de exclusión social, para hacerlos partícipes de una organización, no como víctimas sino como actores, y que crea valor ...

  15. PLAN DE MARKETING PARA EL HOTEL CARRIZAL INN

    OpenAIRE

    Ángel Guillermo Félix Mendoza; Danny Daniel Cobeña López; Lisbeth Alexandra Párraga Muñoz; Lorena Carreño Mendoza

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue la elaboración de un plan de marketing para el Hotel Carrizal Inn ubicado en la ciudad de Calceta, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. Se estructuraron tres fases metodológicas, el diagnóstico situacional, estudio de mercado y plan turístico. En la primera fase se delimitó el área de estudio; además se efectuó un análisis interno y externo, utilizando matrices de diagnóstico como la evaluación de factores internos y externos, matriz de competidores...

  16. HACCP在酿造酱油生产及品质控制中的应用%Application of HACCP in Soy Sauce Production and Quality Control

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    陈其钢; 古丽奴尔·吐拉西

    2016-01-01

    It is introduced HACCP management system the way of how to built on the soy sauce and the specific results of the implementation and using the meaning and necessity of soy sauce HACCP management system of quality control .%介绍HACCP管理体系在酿造酱油企业中建立HACCP的具体方法及实施结果,采用HACCP管理体系在酱油品质控制中的意义和必要性。

  17. APPLICATION OF THE HACCP METHOD IN THE SWINE ABATTOIR BY SCALDING-SKINNING ECOLOGICAL PROCESSING / APPLICATION DE LA METHODE HACCP DANS L’ABATTOIR PORCIN PAR LE PROCESSUS ECOLOGIQUE D’ÉCHAUDAGE-DÉPEÇAGE

    OpenAIRE

    IULIAN SUCEVEANU; IRINA-CLAUDIA ALEXA; LUMINITA GROSU; OANA-IRINA PATRICIU; IRINA IFRIM; MIRELA SUCEVEANU

    2017-01-01

    In the food industry development, the food safety and the valorization of by-products represent important aspects. The present study consists in the application of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) method in pig slaughterhouses for scalding-skinning technology in order to ensure the conformity of meat quality and the by-products management and recycling. In order to optimize the scalding-skinning process of swine, all the classical technological steps of the technological...

  18. 75 FR 18211 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Procedures for...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-09

    ... point (HACCP) principles to the processing of seafood. HACCP is a preventive system of hazard control... of seafood collect and record information. The HACCP records compiled and maintained by a seafood... processing and packaging operations, as called for in a processor's HACCP plan (e.g., the values for...

  19. Plan de marketing para el hotel escuela de la universidad de Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    Espol; Barros Morales, Paulina Alexandra

    2017-01-01

    La presente investigación está encaminada a la propuesta de implementación de un plan de marketing para el hotel escuela de la universidad de cuenca, un proyecto que nació con la intención de ligar la actividad de prestación de servicios de alojamiento y alimentación con el proceso académico de enseñanza aprendizaje, un trabajo conjunto que pretende garantizar calidad y profesionalismo en el producto. Para el desarrollo del plan, se precisó el análisis de la oferta y demanda turística de c...

  20. Plan de Marketing para Muebles Moncayo

    OpenAIRE

    Foyes Jiménez, Fermín

    2017-01-01

    Treball Final de Màster Interuniversitari en Màrqueting i Investigació de Mercats. Codi: SRB100. Curs: 2016/2017 El proyecto que se describe a continuación consiste en un Plan de Marketing para Muebles Moncayo, empresa de Barcelona dedicada a la comercialización al por menor de muebles de hogar. En la actualidad esta tiene una política de negocio clásica, ya que no tiene definidas las estrategias operativa y de negocio. Dada esta situación, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de la situación,...

  1. Plan de negocios para el posicionamiento del Restaurant Chifa Fortuna

    OpenAIRE

    Crespo Loja, Nancy Patricia; Lituma Jadán, Janeth Alexandra

    2010-01-01

    El presente trabajo tiene como propósito desarrollar un plan de negocios para la aplicación en el "RESTAURANTE CHIFA FORTUNA", mediante un análisis minucioso del mercado, campos económicos, además se planteara posibles estrategias comerciales. Con la utilización de estos elementos podemos tomar mejores decisiones que son fundamentales dentro de una empresa, para de esta manera incrementar nuestra capacidad competitiva, y ofrecer a nuestros clientes mayores productos con valor agregado. ...

  2. A comprehensive review of the implementation of hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) to the production of flour and flour-based products.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis S; Traikou, Athina

    2005-01-01

    The production of flour and semolina and their ensuing products, such as bread, cake, spaghetti, noodles, and corn flakes, is of major importance, because these products constitute some of the main ingredients of the human diet. The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system aims at ensuring the safety of these products. HACCP has been implemented within the frame of this study on various products of both Asian and European origin; the hazards, critical control limits (CCLs), observation practices, and corrective actions have been summarized in comprehensive tables. Furthermore, the various production steps, packaging included, were thoroughly analyzed, and reference was made to both the traditional and new methodologies in an attempt to pinpoint the occurring differences (advantages and disadvantages) per process.

  3. Food Safety Programs Based on HACCP Principles in School Nutrition Programs: Implementation Status and Factors Related to Implementation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stinson, Wendy Bounds; Carr, Deborah; Nettles, Mary Frances; Johnson, James T.

    2011-01-01

    Purpose/Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the extent to which school nutrition (SN) programs have implemented food safety programs based on Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles, as well as factors, barriers, and practices related to implementation of these programs. Methods: An online survey was…

  4. An evaluation of HACCP implementation status in UK small and medium enterprises in food manufacturing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fielding, L M; Ellis, L; Beveridge, C; Peters, A C

    2005-04-01

    To reduce foodborne illnesses, hazard and risk-based quality management systems are essential. Small and medium sized companies (SMEs) tend to have a poor understanding of such systems and limited adoption of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point system (HACCP). The requirement for full HACCP implementation by 2006 will place an even greater burden on these businesses. The aim of this project is to assess the current levels of understanding of hazards and risks in SMEs in the manufacturing sector. A questionnaire survey was made of 850 SMEs, including microbusinesses. This determined the industry sector and processes carried out, whether the company operated hazard-based quality management and the knowledge of the technical manager regarding the associated hazards and risks. Follow-up visits to the manufacturing plant observed the processes and the operatives to determine their level of understanding. A benchmarking audit was carried out and each company was rated. The results show that the majority of respondents stated that they operated hazard analysis-based quality management. The ability of the respondents to correctly define a hazard or risk or identify different types of hazard was, however, poor. There was no correlation between business type and audit score. The microbusinesses did, however, perform significantly less well than the larger SMEs.

  5. Semi-quantitative study to evaluate the performance of a HACCP-based food safety management system in Japanese milk processing plants

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Sampers, I.; Toyofuku, H.; Luning, P.A.; Uyttendaele, M.; Jacxsens, L.

    2012-01-01

    This study aimed to gain an insight in the performance of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)-based food safety management systems (FSMS) implemented in Japanese milk processing plants. Since 1995, Japan has a comprehensive approval system for food manufacturing establishments by

  6. SYSTEM CONTROL OF SMOKING PROCESS AND MEASURING BENZO[A]PYRENE IN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTION OF BOSNIAN DRY CURED HAM (BOSANSKI PRŠUT BY IMPLEMENTING HACCP SYSTEM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Almir Toroman

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available As it is well known, traditional production of smoked meat products requires technological processes, which carry some food safety hazards (e.g. content of Benzo[a]pyrene. (B[a]P. “OMEGA COMERC Ltd.”, a member of the meat industry in Visoko region, has implemented food safety management system according to the recommendations from Codex Alimentarius CAC-RCP (9, recommended International Code of Practice - General Principles of Food Hygiene. By implementing HACCP system, the Company established adequate control measures in producing Bosnian dry cured ham (bosanski pršut on traditional way including the smoking process in the chambers. By doing this, they have created conditions to measure B[a]P content in the Bosnian dry cured ham and implement HACCP system without impairing traditional production and food safety of the final product.The aim of this study is to present the effect of the specific production process onto the meat smoking in order to preserve hygienic, nutritional and sensory values, and also to control B[a]P content in the final product.Key words: Bosnian dry cured ham, traditional production, smoking process, Benzo[a]pyrene, HACCP

  7. HACCP在餐饮业中的应用%Application of HACCP to restaurant industry

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    S.Seward; 李刚; 蒋纲

    2001-01-01

    @@ 在餐饮业中有效地使用危害分析和关键控制点系统(HACCP),需要将其与日常操作紧密结合起来.要做到这一点,需要在传统意义上用于食品制造业的HACCP系统和适于餐饮业的灵活的过程控制系统之间寻求一种平衡.

  8. Plan de marketing para el posicionamiento de Ital Parquet en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Gutierrez Borda, Felipe

    2015-01-01

    El proyecto de disertación “PLAN DE MARKETING PARA EL POSICIONAMIENTO DE ITALPARQUET EN COLOMBIA”, es un proyecto basado en una empresa constituida desde 2011 en Bogotá, Colombia. Una empresa importadora y comercializadora de pisos en Madera, laminado, linoleum, Pvc, exteriores y guarda escobas. Durante estos dos primeros años la empresa ha venido desarrollando toda su estructura organizacional para poder empezar a introducir su marca como Importadora y Comercializadora de pisos en Madera...

  9. QUALITY HACCP APPLIED TO FLIGHT CATERING INDUSTRY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Souza Vaz

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available The quality industry try to standardize the production procedures, actions and controls work in a uniform manner so as not to cause errors in operation and customer dissatisfaction, bringing the final product according to the requested specifications. With the duty to commitment with the consumer, many companies try to answer the questions of the quality applying techniques so that their processes are so tiny they are done in the most correct and accurate as possible. Since 2008 noted a growing importance as the HACCP due the major problems occurred in the handling of food, such as food poisoning, foreign objects and sanitary quality, which are the largest and most serious problems resulting from the production process, thus generating a new culture and the care of the food. Considering the importance of the issue of the impending population growth that carry air travel as well as international agreements between countries and continents, it has being demonstrated the effectiveness of the system demonstrating in practice how they work their analysis of points of danger and an investigation into the operational process within the context of the food industry.

  10. Application of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) to the Cultivation Line of Mushroom and Other Cultivated Edible Fungi.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pardo, José E; de Figueirêdo, Vinícius Reis; Alvarez-Ortí, Manuel; Zied, Diego C; Peñaranda, Jesús A; Dias, Eustáquio Souza; Pardo-Giménez, Arturo

    2013-09-01

    The Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is a preventive system which seeks to ensure food safety and security. It allows product protection and correction of errors, improves the costs derived from quality defects and reduces the final overcontrol. In this paper, the system is applied to the line of cultivation of mushrooms and other edible cultivated fungi. From all stages of the process, only the reception of covering materials (stage 1) and compost (stage 3), the pre-fruiting and induction (step 6) and the harvest (stage 7) have been considered as critical control point (CCP). The main hazards found were the presence of unauthorized phytosanitary products or above the permitted dose (stages 6 and 7), and the presence of pathogenic bacteria (stages 1 and 3) and/or heavy metals (stage 3). The implementation of this knowledge will allow the self-control of their productions based on the system HACCP to any plant dedicated to mushroom or other edible fungi cultivation.

  11. 21 CFR 120.11 - Verification and validation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions... Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system is being implemented according to design. (1... processor to determine whether such complaints relate to the performance of the HACCP plan or reveal...

  12. Propuesta de un plan de marketing para una marca personal

    OpenAIRE

    Torres Leaman, Luis Guillermo

    2011-01-01

    En esta tesina se identifican los elementos de un plan de marketing dedicado hacia las personas, a partir de la identidad y perfil de éstas se explica el cómo se definen las herramientas a usar para lograr cierto liderazgo dentro del entorno donde se desarrolle, mediante el desarrollo de una “marca personal” que además de brindar posicionamiento, se enfoca en el desarrollo personal y laboral a largo plazo. En la mayoría de los escritos se ve que el desarrollo de un plan de marketing...

  13. Microbiological performance of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based food safety management systems: A case of Nile perch processing company

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kussaga, J.B.; Luning, P.A.; Tiisekwa, B.P.M.; Jacxsens, L.

    2017-01-01

    This study aimed at giving insight into microbiological safety output of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)-based Food Safety Management System (FSMS) of a Nile perch exporting company by using a combined assessment, This study aimed at giving insight into microbiological safety output

  14. Plan de empresa para un project manager de construcción

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez Rincón, José Antonio

    2012-01-01

    Objetivos que se pretenden: Estudiar los entresijos para crear una nueva empresa de servicios en lo que se conoce como Project Manager en Construcción, estudiando de antemano las oportunidades y riesgos que se pueden correr, poniéndonos como objetivo además, incluir en el trayecto del trabajo a desarrollar el máximo de conocimientos adquiridos en los estudios de la presente carrera. En resumen, hacer un Plan de empresa para producir bienes inmobiliarios con la gestión del...

  15. Modelo de plan estratégico para la gestión de inventarios para los repuestos John Deere de Ponce Yepes S.A.

    OpenAIRE

    Arciniegas P., Carlos

    2002-01-01

    En el presente trabajo se propone un modelo de plan estratégico, cuya aplicación se sugiere en la empresa Ponce Yepes S.A., con el objetivo de conseguir una eficiente y eficaz gestión de inventarios para la Línea de Repuestos John Deere. El estudio se ha dividido en tres capítulos, en los cuales se van estructurando progresivamente las diferentes etapas para el establecimiento del plan estratégico que se propone. El primer capítulo contiene un resumen teórico sobre la administr...

  16. 美国FDA推进实施HACCP体系研究%FDA Promoting Implementation of HACCP System

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    江艳; 夏厚俊; 胡振虎

    2013-01-01

    文章阐释了美国FDA在食品安全监管领域推进实施HACCP体系的原理和特征,检验HACCP体系有效性的评估标准,指出了HACCP体系发展面临的挑战,需要更多的社会力量参与食品安全管理研究,进一步完善HACCP体系.

  17. [Experience with knowledge development in food handlers with te implementation of Hazard Analysis Critical control points (HACCP) in a hospital food service].

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Sousa, A A; de Salles, R K; Felipe, M R; Tosin, I

    1999-03-01

    The present article has as objective to describe the methodology of an experience of implantation of Hazard Analyses Critical Control Points (HACCP) with food handlers in a hospital food service establishment, inside of a conception of relationship and construction of knowledge. Meetings with the food handlers and nutritionists, with the objective of raising the difficulties poined for the sector and the work to be developed. The HACCP consisted of the evaluation of the operations, following the sequential steps recommended, looking itself to instruct the food handlers on the methods of the operations and its interpretations. The detected critical points, the measures of control, the criteria of correction and the monitoring have widely been argued, serving as didactic elements for the reconstruction of quality of the preparations. The discussions generated actions that were developed in short term, revealing the need of a more effective and continuous partnership for the new proposals.

  18. HACCP and SACCP protocols for ready-to-eat meals pasteurised with ionising radiation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Haruvy, Y [Soreq Nuclear Research Centre, Israel Atomic Energy Commission, (Israel)

    2002-07-01

    The rationale is the necessity to identify, ab-initio, critical potential failure modes: Hazardous, Sensory, as well as Economic, and assign Critical Control Points to detect and/or eliminate them in due time and course. Preliminary SACCP could be orchestrated along the existing HACCP lines with relatively minor modifications. Care should be taken to avoid overlooking of high-risk failure modes, as well as to avoid overdoing the analysis to yield numerous CCPs with small marginal value. A combined H-S-E ACCP protocol should allow for a facile analytical tool of the objective projects. Primary fields of failure modes seem to be non-uniformity of ingredients, processing and testing.

  19. 21 CFR 120.12 - Records.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions § 120.12 Records. (a... Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system: (1) Records documenting the implementation of the... § 120.7; (3) The written HACCP plan required by § 120.8; (4) Records documenting the ongoing application...

  20. Plan de clase para la enseñanza de la integral del trabajo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Flores

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo fue presentar un plan de clase, fundamentado en la Teoría Conceptual Combinada de Gilles Fauconnier y Mark Turner, para enseñar la integral del trabajo, siguiendo el modelo instruccional de Robert Gagné. Para el diseño de esta clase se utilizó la red de integración conceptual entre la integral de una función, dominio de la Matemática y la integral del trabajo, dominio de la Física. Luego se diseñó el plan de clase, el cual se fundamenta en la presentación y evaluación de la instrucción y su correspondiente retroalimentación.

  1. Use of the hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) risk assessment on a medical device for parenteral application.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jahnke, Michael; Kühn, Klaus-Dieter

    2003-01-01

    In order to guarantee the consistently high quality of medical products for human use, it is absolutely necessary that flawless hygiene conditions are maintained by the strict observance of hygiene rules. With the growing understanding of the impact of process conditions on the quality of the resulting product, process controls (surveillance) have gained increasing importance to complete the quality profile traditionally defined by post-process product testing. Today, process controls have become an important GMP requirement for the pharmaceutical industry. However, before quality process controls can be introduced, the manufacturing process has to be analyzed, with the focus on its critical quality-influencing steps. The HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) method is well recognized as a useful tool in the pharmaceutical industry. This risk analysis, following the guidelines of the HACCP method and the monitoring of critical steps during the manufacturing process was applied to the manufacture of methyl methacrylate solution used for bone cement and led to the establishment of a preventative monitoring system and constitutes an effective concept for quality assurance of hygiene and all other parameters influencing the quality of the product.

  2. Desarrollo de un plan de marketing digital para una aplicación móvil basada en planes de ocio

    OpenAIRE

    Silva Padilla, Sergio

    2017-01-01

    En este documento se definirá un Plan de Marketing Digital para una idea de negocio presentada en el proyecto de fin de carrera de la ETSIT UPM por Leonor Barrueco en 2015. Dicho proyecto documentaba un plan de negocio para una aplicación móvil basada en planes de ocio llamada LOCALING , pero dejaba pendiente, para una etapa posterior, la definición con más detalle del plan de marketing digital, que es precisamente lo que se desarrollará en el presente Proyecto de Fin de Carrera. Este P...

  3. 9 CFR 318.308 - Deviations in processing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ...) Deviations in processing (or process deviations) must be handled according to: (1)(i) A HACCP plan for canned...) of this section. (c) [Reserved] (d) Procedures for handling process deviations where the HACCP plan... accordance with the following procedures: (a) Emergency stops. (1) When retort jams or breakdowns occur...

  4. PLAN DE EMPRESA PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UNA AGENCIA DE VIAJES DE NUEVA CREACIÓN: ANROCA SL

    OpenAIRE

    ROCHER CALBO, ÁNGELA

    2015-01-01

    [ES] La idea de trabajo de final de carrera que voy a desarrollar es un plan de empresa basado en la apertura de una nueva agencia de viajes, denominada ANROCA, SL. La empresa se especializará en viajes para negocios ya que tiene una menor estacionalidad, pero siempre tendrá recursos para satisfacer viajes de ocio. Para describir y desarrollar esta oportunidad de negocio realizaré un Plan de empresa, que va a tratar de examinar la viabilidad técnica, económica y financiera, y explicaré ...

  5. Plan de marketing de Wanderlust Restaurante: una carta nada estable para amantes del buen vivir

    OpenAIRE

    Escalante Vargas, Nathaly Graciela

    2017-01-01

    RESUMEN: El presente informe es un plan de Marketing diseñado para la creación de un restaurante llamado Wanderlust en la ciudad de Santander, Cantabria. Donde el presente plan le permita al establecimiento tener una herramienta de dirección para comercializar un menú tradicional de siete países: España, Francia, Italia, Perú, México, Rumanía / Rusia y Estados Unidos / Reino unido, los cuales tendrán rotación por meses y temporadas, según las opiniones de los clientes en tiempo real, en el ca...

  6. Module generator of plans for dynamic processes; Modulo generdor de planes para procesos dinamicos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Reyes B, Alberto; Fernandez J, Jose L [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2002-07-01

    This work describes the generating module of plans (Geplan) as a part of the project: Development of Techniques of Intelligent Planning for Dynamic Processes, based on techniques of artificial intelligence, and that is being developed in the Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE). The study case corresponds to the elaboration of a plan to help the plant operators in the task of taking a combined cycle central (CCC) to a stable state of operation given a specific load level. The architecture of the module generator of plans is presented and the codification of the actions allowed (ACT) is illustrated by means of rules, in addition the challenges that are due to face so that the system operates in line with the process. Also the technical aspects of the generator of plans, as well as the benefits and expectations of their use in any CCC are mentioned. [Spanish] En este trabajo se describe el modulo generador de planes (Geplan) como parte del proyecto Desarrollo de Tecnicas de Planificacion Inteligente para Procesos Dinamicos, basado en tecnicas de inteligencia Artificial, y que estan desarrollandose en la Gerencia de Control e Instrumentacion del Instituto de Investigaciones Electrica (IIE). El caso de estudio corresponde a la elaboracion de un plan para asistir a los operadores de planta en la tarea de llevar una central de ciclo combinado (CCC) a un estado estable de operacion dedo un nivel de carga especifico. Se presenta la arquitectura del modulo generador de planes y se ilustra la codificacion de las acciones permitidas (ACT) mediante reglas, ademas los retos que se deben enfrentar para que el sistema opere en linea con el proceso. Tambien se mencionan los aspectos tecnicos del generador de planes, asi como los beneficios y expectativas de su uso en cualquier CCC.

  7. FOOD safety and hygiene - Systematic layout planning of food processes

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Van Donk, DP; Gaalman, G

    2004-01-01

    Hygiene and food safety have been dealt with from different fields of science such as biology and health, and from different angles such as HACCP and GMP. Little systematically ordered knowledge is available for the analysis of a layout, taking hygienic factors into account. HACCP and GMP are

  8. Plan estratégico para Toyota USA 2011-2013

    OpenAIRE

    Arrieta Clavijo, María Luisa Jesús; Cabero Rojas, Augusto Mauricio; Quinto Tapia, Daniel Federico

    2015-01-01

    Plan Estratégico para Toyota USA 2011-2013 permitirá, a través del uso de herramientas propias del análisis externo e interno, identificar sus ventajas competitivas, su posición competitiva y establecer los planes funcionales en tres ámbitos principales: marketing, operaciones y recursos humanos. Estos planes funcionales se enfocarán en las acciones estratégicas que permitan a Toyota generar una mayor eficiencia operativa, redireccionarse a su consumidor y aplicar una estrategia de marketin...

  9. Plan de negocios para la puesta en marcha de la empresa Healthy Study Gym

    OpenAIRE

    Torres Torres, Jorge Alberto; Díaz Ramírez, Daniel Andrés

    2013-01-01

    Presenta el plan de negocios para la empresa Healthy Study Gym donde permita conocer y determinar la viabilidad comercial, de mercadeo y financiera para la constitución del gimnasio en la ciudad de Bogotá. Terminando con una proyección económica a cinco (5) años, analizando punto de equilibrio, WACC, TIR, liquidez, valor presente neto, entre otros indicadores que demuestran la viabilidad de la propuesta

  10. Plan de Marketing digital para el destino turístico Cuenca-Ecuador

    OpenAIRE

    Espol; Calle Lituma, Numa Sebastián

    2017-01-01

    El presente trabajo de titulación se enfoca en el diseño de un plan de marketing digital para el destino turístico "cuenca-ecuador", con la finalidad de potencializar la presencia online del lugar en concordancia con los requerimientos del mercado digital. La metodología de investigación utilizada se fundamentó en el estudio de caso, ya que la misma permitió utilizar diversas técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de recolección y análisis de información necesaria para la determinación de l...

  11. Application of HACCP principles to control visitor health threats on dairy farms open to the general public.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barten, M; Noordhuizen, J P M; Lipman, L J A

    2008-10-01

    An increasing number of Dutch dairy farmers have diversified their activities, often opening their farm up to visitors (tourist accommodation, farm shop, contact with livestock, etc). It is essential to prevent these visitors from having accidents or becoming ill, which could result in financial claims and might harm the reputation of the agricultural sector. This article describes how the hazard analysis critical control points concept and principles (HACCP) can be applied to these activities and integrated with on-farm operational herd health and production management programmes.

  12. Plan estratégico TI para el Grupo de Investigación GRIAL

    OpenAIRE

    Blanco Mateos, Á. L.; Cabo Villalón, L.; Vázquez Ingelmo, A.; Zorita Garrote, S.

    2018-01-01

    Plan estratégico TI para el Grupo de Investigación GRIAL - Asignatura Gobierno de Tecnologías de la Información - Máster Universitario en Ingeniería Informática - Universidad de Salamanca. Curso 2016-2017

  13. Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa comercializadora de un sistema automático contra incendios para vehículos

    OpenAIRE

    García Monroy, Miguel Ángel

    2013-01-01

    El trabajo formula el plan de negocios para crear una empresa ubicada en Bogotá, que vende, instala y realiza el mantenimiento de un sistema automático contra incendios para vehículos; esto con el fin de mejorar los sistemas de seguridad y protección de los autos, para así combatir la problemática real y alarmante de incendios vehiculares, que traen como consecuencia la pérdida de vidas humanas, materiales o monetarias y daños medioambientales irreparables

  14. Plan PrEFiNE: Plan estratégico para la enfermedad de Fabry en Nefrología

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M.D. del Pino

    2016-07-01

    Discusión: El plan PrEFiNE nos permitirá evaluar la utilidad de un proyecto dirigido a mejorar el conocimiento de una enfermedad minoritaria como la EF a nivel nacional, y a partir del cual se podrán establecer las recomendaciones necesarias para mejorar su reconocimiento, además de planes enfocados a mejorar las necesidades no cubiertas detectadas durante su desarrollo.

  15. The application of HACCP system in restaurants%HACCP系统在餐饮业的应用

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    许超凡

    2003-01-01

    探讨危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)系统在餐饮业中的应用.对餐饮业食品加工过程中可能存在的潜在危害进行分析,确定关键控制点,控制措施和控制标准,制定HACCP运行过程中的监测方法和校正措施,使食品的危险性减少到最低,从而确保食品的安全.

  16. HYGIENE PRACTICES IN URBAN RESTAURANTS AND CHALLENGES TO IMPLEMENTING FOOD SAFETY AND HAZARD ANALYSIS CRITICAL CONTROL POINTS (HACCP) PROGRAMMES IN THIKA TOWN, KENYA.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muinde, R K; Kiinyukia, C; Rombo, G O; Muoki, M A

    2012-12-01

    To determine the microbial load in food, examination of safety measures and possibility of implementing an Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system. The target population for this study consisted of restaurants owners in Thika. Municipality (n = 30). Simple randomsamples of restaurantswere selected on a systematic sampling method of microbial analysis in cooked, non-cooked, raw food and water sanitation in the selected restaurants. Two hundred and ninety eight restaurants within Thika Municipality were selected. Of these, 30 were sampled for microbiological testing. From the study, 221 (74%) of the restaurants were ready to eat establishments where food was prepared early enough to hold and only 77(26%) of the total restaurants, customers made an order of food they wanted. 118(63%) of the restaurant operators/staff had knowledge on quality control on food safety measures, 24 (8%) of the restaurants applied these knowledge while 256 (86%) of the restaurants staff showed that food contains ingredients that were hazard if poorly handled. 238 (80%) of the resultants used weighing and sorting of food materials, 45 (15%) used preservation methods and the rest used dry foods as critical control points on food safety measures. The study showed that there was need for implementation of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system to enhance food safety. Knowledge of HACCP was very low with 89 (30%) of the restaurants applying some of quality measures to the food production process systems. There was contamination with Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus microbial though at very low level. The means of Coliforms, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureas microbial in sampled food were 9.7 x 103CFU/gm, 8.2 x 103 CFU/gm and 5.4 x 103 CFU/gm respectively with Coliforms taking the highest mean.

  17. Plan de marketing para el posicionamiento de mercado del Taller Automotriz "Los Turbos".

    OpenAIRE

    Lomas Lomas, Shirley Karina; Riera Cevallos, Jenny Belén

    2015-01-01

    Propuesta de un plan de marketing para mejorar el posicionamiento del taller automotriz “Los Turbos”, a través de la evaluación del comportamiento del cliente y el diseño de estrategias, que permitan al negocio obtener una ventaja competitiva, incrementando la cuota de mercado y las ventas crezcan. Proposal for a marketing plan to improve the positioning of the business "Turbos", through the evaluation of customer behavior and designing strategies that allow the business to obtain a ...

  18. Application of a risk management system to improve drinking water safety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jayaratne, Asoka

    2008-12-01

    The use of a comprehensive risk management framework is considered a very effective means of managing water quality risks. There are many risk-based systems available to water utilities such as ISO 9001 and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In 2004, the World Health Organization's (WHO) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality recommended the use of preventive risk management approaches to manage water quality risks. This paper describes the framework adopted by Yarra Valley Water for the development of its Drinking Water Quality Risk Management Plan incorporating HACCP and ISO 9001 systems and demonstrates benefits of Water Safety Plans such as HACCP. Copyright IWA Publishing 2008.

  19. Plan para la promoción del envejecimiento activo 2015 en Málaga

    OpenAIRE

    Ramos Montero, Francisca

    2015-01-01

    PLAN PARA LA PROMOCIÓN DEL ENVEJECIMIENTO ACTIVO 2015 EN MÁLAGA. Francisca M. Ramos Montero, Jefa de Sección Mayores. Área de Derechos Sociales. Ayuntamiento de Málaga. Incluido en el VI Plan de Inclusión Social del Ayuntamiento de Málaga 2014-2018, en el ámbito de actuación sectorial con personas mayores, considera el envejecimiento como una etapa normal de la vida que todos esperamos alcanzar y que, efectivamente alcanzaremos IMSERSO (2006). En España la población mayor de 65 años ...

  20. Hazard analysis and critical control point to irradiated food in Brazil; Analise de perigos e pontos criticos de controle para alimentos irradiados no Brasil

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Boaratti, Maria de Fatima Guerra

    2004-07-01

    Food borne diseases, in particular gastro-intestinal infections, represent a very large group of pathologies with a strong negative impact on the health of the population because of their widespread nature. Little consideration is given to such conditions due to the fact that their symptoms are often moderate and self-limiting. This has led to a general underestimation of their importance, and consequently to incorrect practices during the preparation and preservation of food, resulting in the frequent occurrence of outbreaks involving groups of varying numbers of consumers. Despite substantial efforts in the avoidance of contamination, an upward trend in the number of outbreaks of food borne illnesses caused by non-spore forming pathogenic bacteria are reported in many countries. Good hygienic practices can reduce the level of contamination but the most important pathogens cannot presently be eliminated from most farms, nor is it possible to eliminate them by primary processing, particularly from those foods which are sold raw. Several decontamination methods exist but the most versatile treatment among them is the ionizing radiation procedure. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) is a management system in which food safety is addressed through the analysis and control of biological, chemical, and physical hazards from raw material production, procurement and handling, to manufacturing, distribution and consumption of the finished product. For successful implementation of a HACCP plan, management must be strongly committed to the HACCP concept. A firm commitment to HACCP by top management provides company employees with a sense of the importance of producing safe food. At the same time, it has to be always emphasized that, like other intervention strategies, irradiation must be applied as part of a total sanitation program. The benefits of irradiation should never be considered as an excuse for poor quality or for poor handling and storage conditions

  1. Evaluation of HACCP system implementation on the quality of mixed fresh-cut salad prepared in a university canteen: a case study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Clementi, Francesca

    2015-01-01

    The increasing awareness that foods can represent vehicles for health risk factors has caused scientists and public authorities to multiply their efforts to reduce these risks to within acceptable limits. Nevertheless, some challenging issues still remain unsolved and new ones have recently emerged, such as the increase in outbreaks of foodborne diseases originating from the consumption of meals at catering facilities. The study described in this article was aimed at evaluating the microbiological quality of mixed fresh-cut salads at an Italian university canteen operating in conformity with the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system. The effectiveness of the preventive and corrective measures taken was also assessed with respect to the frequency of unsatisfactory salad samples. During the investigation, E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes were never detected. By contrast, a high number of samples exceeded the mandatory or suggested limits for food processing hygiene (in terms of mesophilic aerobes, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and sulfite-reducing clostridia counts). Despite the introduction of a series of preventive and corrective actions, the results were only partially satisfactory; this was most likely due to the impossibility of having available an adequate level of human resources that are indispensable to correctly putting the HACCP procedures into daily practice.

  2. PLAN PARA LA ELIMINACIÓN DEL SARAMPIÓN Y LA RUBEOLA EN ESPAÑA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aurora Limia Sánchez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El Plan de Eliminación del Sarampión en España, del año 2001, y el Protocolo de vigilancia de la rubeola y del síndrome de la rubeola congénita en fase de eliminación, del año 2007, componen el actual Plan para la elimi-nación de ambas enfermedades en España. Desde 2010 se está reforzando el seguimiento de la eliminación del sarampión y la rubeola en la Región Euro-pea de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, solicitando información anual a los estados miembros sobre la situación del sarampión y la rubeola desde el año 2013. Ese mismo año, a instancias de la OMS, el Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad nombró el Comité Nacional de Verificación de la Eliminación del Sarampión y la Rubeola en España para la revisión y envío de la información solicitada. En este artículo se comentan las estrategias y actividades actuales reco-mendadas por la Región Europea de la OMS, el proceso de verificación en España y los pasos a seguir para la actualización del Plan de eliminación del sarampión y la rubeola en España.

  3. Diseño de un programa de Análisis de Peligros y Puntos de Control Crítico en el proceso productivo de cacao en polvo en una industria alimentaria

    OpenAIRE

    López DSola, Patrizia; Sandia, María Gabriela; Bou Rached, Lizet; Hernández Serrano, Pilar

    2012-01-01

    El Análisis de Peligros y Puntos de Control Crítico (HACCP) es una herramienta para la Gestión de Inocuidad de los alimentos que permite identificar los peligros físicos, químicos y biológicos asociados al proceso a través de toda la cadena productiva. Este trabajo tiene por finalidad diseñar el Programa de HACCP para el proceso de producción de cacao en polvo en una industria de alimentos venezolana. Previamente se evaluó el cumplimiento de las Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) y los Pro...

  4. Energy care in relation to your management system. Linking lists between the Reference Energy Care and ISO 14001, ISO 9001 and HACCP; Energiezorg in relatie tot uw zorgsysteem. Linking lists tussen de Referentie Energiezorg en ISO 14001, ISO 9001 en HACCP

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2001-07-01

    Several so-called care systems are in use at institutes and companies. For efficiency reasons it makes sense to integrate an energy care system to the existing care system. For the so-called Reference Energy Care, developed by the Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment (Novem) links to three of the most important care systems have been elaborated: environmental care according to ISO 14001, the quality care system ISO 9001:2000 and the food safety system Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). The elaboration resulted in three tables, indicating the connections ('linking lists') between each of those care systems and the Reference Energy Care system and how energy care can be integrated into those systems. [Dutch] Bij instellingen en bedrijven zijn diverse zorgsystemen in gebruik. Het is zinvol om energiezorg - waar mogelijk - in een dergelijk bestaand systeem op te nemen. Meerdere zorgsystemen naast elkaar in stand houden is minder efficient dan de systemen integreren tot een systeem. Novem heeft daarom voor haar Referentie Energiezorg de link laten uitwerken naar drie van de meest voorkomende systemen: milieuzorg volgens ISO 14001, het kwaliteitszorgsysteem ISO 9001:2000 en het voedselveiligheidssysteem HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points). Hieruit zijn drie tabellen voortgekomen, die aangeven welke verbanden er zijn tussen elk van deze zorgsystemen en de Referentie Energiezorg en hoe u energiezorg kunt integreren in elk van deze systemen. Deze tabellen worden aangeduid als 'linking lists' en u kunt ze gebruiken als hulpmiddel bij het integreren van energiezorg in uw eigen zorgsysteem. U vindt ze in deze brochure.

  5. Energy care in relation to your management system. Linking lists between the Reference Energy Care and ISO 14001, ISO 9001 and HACCP; Energiezorg in relatie tot uw zorgsysteem. Linking lists tussen de Referentie Energiezorg en ISO 14001, ISO 9001 en HACCP

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2001-07-01

    Several so-called care systems are in use at institutes and companies. For efficiency reasons it makes sense to integrate an energy care system to the existing care system. For the so-called Reference Energy Care, developed by the Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment (Novem) links to three of the most important care systems have been elaborated: environmental care according to ISO 14001, the quality care system ISO 9001:2000 and the food safety system Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). The elaboration resulted in three tables, indicating the connections ('linking lists') between each of those care systems and the Reference Energy Care system and how energy care can be integrated into those systems. [Dutch] Bij instellingen en bedrijven zijn diverse zorgsystemen in gebruik. Het is zinvol om energiezorg - waar mogelijk - in een dergelijk bestaand systeem op te nemen. Meerdere zorgsystemen naast elkaar in stand houden is minder efficient dan de systemen integreren tot een systeem. Novem heeft daarom voor haar Referentie Energiezorg de link laten uitwerken naar drie van de meest voorkomende systemen: milieuzorg volgens ISO 14001, het kwaliteitszorgsysteem ISO 9001:2000 en het voedselveiligheidssysteem HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points). Hieruit zijn drie tabellen voortgekomen, die aangeven welke verbanden er zijn tussen elk van deze zorgsystemen en de Referentie Energiezorg en hoe u energiezorg kunt integreren in elk van deze systemen. Deze tabellen worden aangeduid als 'linking lists' en u kunt ze gebruiken als hulpmiddel bij het integreren van energiezorg in uw eigen zorgsysteem. U vindt ze in deze brochure.

  6. The implementation and effects of HACCP management principle in the unit concentratedly disinfected tableware%HACCP管理原则在餐具集中消毒单位的实施与效果

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    张东生; 冯少雄

    2013-01-01

    OBJECTIVE By implementing HACCP management in the unit concentratedly disinfected tableware,to standardize the self-discipline behavior of enterprise and improve the sanitary quality of disinfecting the tableware,in order to provide theoretical basis of supervision work.METHODS According to HACCP management principle,selected twenty disinfection enterprises,analysed influencing factors of sanitation quality of disinfecting tableware,implemented HACCP management tin washing and disinfection processed,inspected other processed.RESULTS Critical control points are washing,soaking,heat temperature disinfection,packaging selection,self-inspection,storage and transport; after implemention of HACCP management,qualified rates of recovery of tableware,removal of the residue,washing,soaking,machine cleaning,high temperature disinfection,packaging selection,self-inspection,storage and transport,staff management,management system in processed increased significantly (P < 0.01),qualified rate of inspection on sensory index increased significantly (P < 0.01),disinfection effect of dishes and chopsticks and qualified rate of washing agent residual increased significantly (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION The application of HACCP management principles in the unit concentratedly disinfected tableware is feasible.HACCP management measures are important means of long-term effective management mechanisms in enterprise.%目的 在餐具集中消毒单位推行HACCP管理,规范企业自律行为,提高消毒餐具卫生质量,为监督工作提供理论依据.方法 按HACCP管理原则,选取具有一定规模的消毒企业20家,分析影响消毒餐具卫生质量各种因素,确定清洗消毒工艺流程实施HACCP管理,其他流程实施专项整治检查.结果

  7. 9 CFR 417.4 - Validation, Verification, Reassessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    .... 417.4 Section 417.4 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... not have a HACCP plan because a hazard analysis has revealed no food safety hazards that are... ACT HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS § 417.4 Validation, Verification...

  8. 9 CFR 381.308 - Deviations in processing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ...) must be handled according to: (1)(i) A HACCP plan for canned product that addresses hazards associated... (d) of this section. (c) [Reserved] (d) Procedures for handling process deviations where the HACCP... accordance with the following procedures: (a) Emergency stops. (1) When retort jams or breakdowns occur...

  9. Plan de negocios para la implementación de un restaurante de comida regional en la ciudad de Piura

    OpenAIRE

    Ticliahuanca Tineo, Kelly del Carmen

    2017-01-01

    El objetivo de la investigación es estudiar la viabilidad económico financiera del "Plan de negocios para implementar un restaurante de comida regional en la ciudad de Piura", cuyos potenciales clientes son hombres y mujeres con edades entre 20 y 65 que buscan servicios gastronómicos de calidad y un agradable ambiente. Se analiza en primer lugar el entorno empresarial para determinar la situación del sector y la demanda potencial, se expone el plan estratégico del negocio, también se presenta...

  10. El plan de desarrollo de la Fuerza Armada Nacional Bolivariana, "Plan Sucre 2007-2013”, y las implicaciones para la seguridad nacional de Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Hurtado, Camilo; Cadena Afanador, Walter René

    2015-01-01

    Este trabajo de investigación analiza, desde la cosmovisión neorrealista de las Relaciones Internacionales, los alcances del Plan de Desarrollo de la Fuerza Armada Nacional Bolivariana, Plan Sucre, y las repercusiones que su consolidación tendrá para la seguridad nacional de Colombia. Inicialmente se plantea un marco teórico y conceptual, lo cual permite avanzar al segundo capítulo el cual tiene como propósito fundamental describir en qué consiste el Plan Sucre. El capítulo tres analiza los a...

  11. 9 CFR 417.3 - Corrective actions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Corrective actions. 417.3 Section 417.3 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS § 417.3 Corrective actions. (a) The written HACCP plan...

  12. Plan Estratégico 2011-2016 para la Dirección Provincial de Educación Hispana de la Provincia de Napo

    OpenAIRE

    Abata Bonilla, Pedro Gonzalo

    2014-01-01

    El presente proyecto de Tesis se realizó en la Dirección Provincial de Educación Hispana de Napo, toda vez que no tiene un Plan Estratégico para la ejecución de las políticas educativas del Ministerio de Educación, que permita formular sus objetivos, estrategias y proyectos para el cumplimiento de una visión. El objetivo formulado en esta investigación es elaborar el Plan Estratégico 2011-2016 para la Dirección de Educación Hispana de la Provincia de Napo, con la finalidad de establecer ...

  13. Propuesta de un plan estratégico para la competitividad, para empresas micros, pequeñas y medianas del sector cárnico, caso: Ciudad de México.

    OpenAIRE

    Morales López, Lázaro

    2016-01-01

    La presente investigación fue motivada por la búsqueda de una herramienta para los empresarios mexicanos líderes o dueños de una micro, pequeña o mediana empresa del sector cárnico. Una herramienta para ser utilizada en la búsqueda de competitividad, proyección y permanencia a largo plazo de sus negocios mediante la propuesta de un Plan Estratégico. El argumento central es que el tipo de empresas mencionadas no realizan una planeación estratégica formal para el desarrollo de...

  14. Plan de negocio para regeneración de carbón activo granular para agua de consumo humano

    OpenAIRE

    Barrera Castañé, Victor

    2010-01-01

    AB Group es un grupo empresarial dedicado a la gestión del ciclo integral del agua en todas sus vertientes. Dentro de la rama propia de agua o la de medioambiente se buscan nuevos negocios que ofrezcan buenas rentabilidades y que consoliden este liderazgo en la gestión de agua potable y todos sus actividades adyacentes. En aras de promover un área de negocio rentable cuya razón de ser tenga un enfoque medioambiental y de sostenibilidad, se ha trazado este Plan de Negocio para R...

  15. Formulación de un plan estratégico de marketing para la empresa Diseño Visual en la ciudad de Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    Rivera Cajamarca, María Elisa; Uyaguari Castillo, Martha Paola

    2010-01-01

    Nuestro trabajo de grado se trata de la Formulación de un Plan Estratégico de Marketing para la Empresa Diseño Visual que es una empresa dedicada a la publicidad gráfica en distintos tipos de materiales, hemos realizado esta propuesta considerando que los productos y servicios que ofrece la empresa son de muy buena calidad pero que a la empresa le hace falta darse a conocer en el mercado para alcanzar posicionamiento, en este sentido el Plan de Marketing Estratégico es imprescindible para que...

  16. Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system in a food service unit serving immuno-suppressed patient diets / E.E. Vermeulen

    OpenAIRE

    Vermeulen, Emma Emmerenza

    2006-01-01

    Main aim: To supply recommendations to implement a Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP) system in a hospital food service unit serving low bacterial diets in order to prevent or decrease the infection rates in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) patients. Objectives: Firstly, to investigate the current food safety and hygiene status in a hospital food service unit, serving low bacterial diets, by means of a questionnaire and bacterial swabs taken from the...

  17. Agriculture in the plan change to build peace. An internal critique El agro en el plan Cambio para construir la paz. Una crítica interna

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rivera Carlos Fernando

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available This article presents the nature, bases, and coherence requirements of a plan, in order to specify the methodological criteria of its internal critique of the agricultural chapter. The examination of its diagnosis leads to a different diagnosis, which is inferred by the objective of "integrating the rural sector": the persistence of the agrarian problem, expressed in a bimodal structure, polarized into 'the economic' and 'the social'. The plan's objective reveals a long-term vision: to
    contribute to the solution of the agrarian problem. Thus, the policies differentiate between the advanced entrepreneurial and peasant sectors, for which it designs different strategies which assign different roles for the state: to facilitate socioeconomic processes for the former, and to promote rural development for the latter. The article shows that the Plan maintains internal coherence, and illustrates its limitations
    due to the institutional environment, which is manifested in its
    design and in the possibilities for its execution. It concludes that the most important policies are the weakest, and that rural developmerlt is not only a problem of social design, but above all of the mentality and commitment of society on all levels.Este articulo expone la naturaleza, fundamentos y requerimientos de coherencia de un plan para precisar los criterios metodologicos de su critica interna al capitulo agropecuario. El examen de diagnostico lleva a un diagnostico diferente, que se infiere del objetivo de "integrar al sector rural" la persistencia del problema agrario en el pais, expresada en un estructura bimodal, polarizada en lo economico y en lo social. El objetivo del plan revela una vision de largo plazo: contribuir a resolver el problema agrario. Adi, las politicas diferencian entre sector empresarial avanzado y campesino, para los cuales diseña estrategias distintan que asignan un papel distinto al Estado: facilitar procesos socio-economicos para

  18. Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresade consultoría informática

    OpenAIRE

    Páliz Osorio, Víctor Manuel

    2006-01-01

    142 hojas : ilustraciones, 29 x 21 cm + CD-ROM 0247 Este documento contiene un plan de negocio desde la investigación de mercado, la identificación del servicio a ofrecer, el plan de marketing, el estudio organizacional, el plan financiero y sus indicadores, esto es valor presente neto y tasa interna de retorno, y una recopilación del marco legal vigente para la creación de empresas de este tipo en el Ecuador. Su principal fortaleza radica en el estudio de la tecnología de Inteligencia de ...

  19. Plan de marketing estratégico y segmentación de mercados para la empresa Akros

    OpenAIRE

    Lema Ordóñez, Diana Alexandra; Mencías Cisneros, Gabriel Roberto

    2014-01-01

    El objetivo principal de la presente investigación fue determinar el comportamiento de compra del cliente organizacional en el mercado tecnológico, para de esta manera diseñar un plan estratégico de marketing adaptado a las necesidades de los clientes y a la realidad de la empresa Akros. Para alcanzar el objetivo planteado se realizó un diagnóstico interno de la empresa Akros donde se identificó las fortalezas y debilidades que la empresa posee. Posteriormente se realizó el análisis externo d...

  20. Plan estratégico 2017-2020 para el Instituto Confucio PUCP

    OpenAIRE

    Temoche Cortez, Lizeth Maribel

    2016-01-01

    La presente tesis consiste en el Plan Estratégico para el Instituto Confucio PUCP, institución con más de siete años en el mercado que se encarga de difundir y enseñar la lengua y cultura china. Toda organización que busca garantizar su sostenibilidad en el tiempo necesita contar con un proceso de planeación a corto, mediano y largo plazo que acerque a la organización de una situación actual a una situación deseada. En el caso del Instituto Confucio PUCP, éste no contaba con...

  1. Plan estratégico de mercadeo para EUREKA Comunicación

    OpenAIRE

    Chavarría, Dorian

    2010-01-01

    Tesis de maestría -- Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. Maestría Profesional en Administración y Dirección de Empresas con énfasis en Mercadeo y Ventas, 2010 Este documento describe el desarrollo de un plan es tratégico de mercadeo para la empresa Eureka Comunicación, dedicada a brindar asesoría en comunicación y relaciones públicas. El trabajo está compuesto por cinco capítulos cuyos contenidos son descritos brevemente a continuación. El capítul...

  2. Ensayos pedagógicos para la planificación y uso del suelo de Quito. Plan Bicentenario

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Dolores Montaño Huerta

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Quito se enfrenta al desafío de resolver la planificación de su territorio. A través del proyecto urbano "Plan especial Bicentenario: Consolidación del Parque de la Ciudad y Redesarrollo de su Entorno Urbano" implementado por la Alcaldía del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito 2009/2014 alrededor del espacio vacío que quedó desde la salida del aeropuerto de Quito se realizó investigación en aula con reflexiones, análisis y soluciones arquitectónicas, desde el Taller de Arquitectura 7/8 de la FADA-PUCE3. Los estudios, análisis y ensayos del documento se basan en la experiencia académica en dos semestres, ene/mayo y ago/dic de 2013 en el Taller para probar la validez del Plan, estudiando volúmenes y anteproyectos arquitectónicos que permitieron analizar, evaluar, sopesar y criticar el Plan Bicentenario, así como las posibles opciones para la ocupación del territorio.

  3. SU-E-T-393: Evaluation of Large Field IMRT Versus RapidArc Planning for Carcinoma Cervix with Para-Aotic Node Irradiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Raman, S Kothanda; Girigesh, Y; MISHRA, M; Lalit, K

    2015-01-01

    Purpose: The objective of this work is to evaluate and compare Large field IMRT and RapidArc planning for Carcinoma Cervix and Para-aotic node irradiation. Methods: In this study, ten patients of Cervix with para-aotic node have been selected with PTV length 35+2cm. All plans were generated in Eclipse TPS V10.0 with Dynamic IMRT and RapidArc technique using 6MV photon energy. In IMRT planning, 7 fields were chosen to get optimal plan and in RapidArc, double Full arc clockwise and counter clockwise were used for planning. All the plans were generated with single isocenter and calculated using AAA dose algorithm. For all the cases the prescribed dose to PTV was same and the plan acceptance criteria is; 95% of the PTV volume should receive 100% prescribed dose. The tolerance doses for the OAR’s is also taken in to account. The evaluation criteria used for analysis are; 1) Homogeneity Index, 2) Conformity Index, 3) Mean Dose to OAR’s, 4)Total monitor units delivered. Results: DVH analysis were performed for both IMRT and RapidArc planning. In both the plans, 95% of PTV volume receives prescribed dose and maximum dose are less than 107%. The conformity index are same in both the techniques. The mean Homogeneity index are 1.036 and 1.053 for IMRT and RapidArc plan. The mean (mean + SD) dose of bladder and rectum in IMRT is 44.2+1.55, 42.05+2.52 and RapidArc is 46.66+1.6, 44.2+2.75 respectively. There is no significant difference found in Right Femoral head, Left Femoral head and Kidney doses. It is found that total MU’s are more in IMRT compared with RapidArc planning. Conclusion: In the case of cervix with Para-arotic node single isocenter irradiation, IMRT planning in large-field is better compared to RapidArc planning in terms of Homogeneity Index and mean dose of Bladder and Rectum

  4. SU-E-T-393: Evaluation of Large Field IMRT Versus RapidArc Planning for Carcinoma Cervix with Para-Aotic Node Irradiation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Raman, S Kothanda; Girigesh, Y; MISHRA, M; Lalit, K [Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi (India)

    2015-06-15

    Purpose: The objective of this work is to evaluate and compare Large field IMRT and RapidArc planning for Carcinoma Cervix and Para-aotic node irradiation. Methods: In this study, ten patients of Cervix with para-aotic node have been selected with PTV length 35+2cm. All plans were generated in Eclipse TPS V10.0 with Dynamic IMRT and RapidArc technique using 6MV photon energy. In IMRT planning, 7 fields were chosen to get optimal plan and in RapidArc, double Full arc clockwise and counter clockwise were used for planning. All the plans were generated with single isocenter and calculated using AAA dose algorithm. For all the cases the prescribed dose to PTV was same and the plan acceptance criteria is; 95% of the PTV volume should receive 100% prescribed dose. The tolerance doses for the OAR’s is also taken in to account. The evaluation criteria used for analysis are; 1) Homogeneity Index, 2) Conformity Index, 3) Mean Dose to OAR’s, 4)Total monitor units delivered. Results: DVH analysis were performed for both IMRT and RapidArc planning. In both the plans, 95% of PTV volume receives prescribed dose and maximum dose are less than 107%. The conformity index are same in both the techniques. The mean Homogeneity index are 1.036 and 1.053 for IMRT and RapidArc plan. The mean (mean + SD) dose of bladder and rectum in IMRT is 44.2+1.55, 42.05+2.52 and RapidArc is 46.66+1.6, 44.2+2.75 respectively. There is no significant difference found in Right Femoral head, Left Femoral head and Kidney doses. It is found that total MU’s are more in IMRT compared with RapidArc planning. Conclusion: In the case of cervix with Para-arotic node single isocenter irradiation, IMRT planning in large-field is better compared to RapidArc planning in terms of Homogeneity Index and mean dose of Bladder and Rectum.

  5. Sanitation of chicken eggs by ionizing radiation: HACCP and inactivation studies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Verde, S. Cabo; Tenreiro, R.; Botelho, M. L.

    2004-09-01

    The aim of this study is to develop the application of irradiation technology to chicken eggs in order to get a product free of pathogenic microorganisms. Bioburden values of eggs from chickens of different ages ( n=150) were found to not be significantly different ( pmicrobial groups were characterized in the egg's natural microbiota, no Salmonella or Campylobacter were detected. HACCP studies indicated the feed as a critical point. Dosimetry studies were carried out in a γ facility to find the best geometry and dose rate for irradiation. Whole eggs were artificially contaminated with reference strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni and irradiated in the γ facility at sub-lethal doses (0.2-1 kGy) with a dose rate of 1.0 kGy/h. Dvalue varied between 0.31-0.26 kGy and 0.20-0.19 kGy in S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis, and between 0.21-0.18 kGy and 0.07-0.09 in C. coli and C. jejuni, for shell and yolk+white. Using sub-lethal doses up to 5 kGy, the Dvalue of natural microbiota in whole eggs was 1.29 kGy. Results show that low irradiation doses could guarantee egg sanitation.

  6. Plan estratégico para la empresa Wok S.A. 2012-2017

    OpenAIRE

    Negrón Bello, Erika; Ochoa Ayvar, Alicia; Iglesias Villamil, Franklin

    2016-01-01

    La presente tesis desarrolla un plan estratégico de cinco años para la empresa Wok, un restaurante de comida asiática ubicado en la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, cuya esencia radica en la demostración de su preocupación por el cuidado, mantenimiento y preservación del medio ambiente. El objetivo principal es proponer estrategias adecuadas que, en conjunto, permitan la expansión de Wok asegurando su crecimiento sostenible y continuidad, todo ello basado en sus valores y principios así como en la...

  7. PLAN DE EMPRESA PARA LA IMPLANTACIÓN DE UN RESTAURANTE AFTERWORK EN VALENCIA

    OpenAIRE

    CEBOLLADA NIZA, ALBERTO JOSE

    2013-01-01

    [ES] Este Trabajo Final de Carrera consiste en el desarrollo de un Plan de Empresa basado en el desarrollo de un novedoso concepto de negocio de Hostelería-Restauración en la ciudad de Valencia consistente en un Restaurante Afterwork, un lugar dirigido a ejecutivos que terminada su jornada laboral salen a disfrutar de una cena informal en un ambiente agradable. Este tipo de establecimientos deben poseer un atractivo especial para poder crear esa exclusividad que pretenden ...

  8. Application of HACCP in the food safety system during important missions for the Armed Police Forces%HACCP原理在武警部队执行重大任务饮食保障中的应用

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    卢爱民; 曹德康; 初晨; 张伟; 李增德

    2012-01-01

    Objective To study the application of hazard analysis and critical control ( HACCP) practice to food safety management during significant missions by the Armed Police Forces. Methods According to the field practices of significant activities and the basic principles of HACCP, all the risk factors throughout the food preparation process were analyzed to define critical control points (CCP)at which these risk factors can be controlled. Results Hazard analysis confirmed that recipes, raw material purchase, food processing, food distribution, food detection, tableware cleaning and disinfection, and personnel health were 7 critical points for food preparation. Conclusion The application of HACCP to food processing during important activities not only reduces the risk for food safety, improves the management level but helps gain experience on food safety.%目的 确保部队在执行重大任务时的饮食安全,预防食物中毒的发生.方法 利用危害分析与关键控制点系统(hazard analysis and critical control points,HACCP)管理原理,结合任务实际情况,通过对食品采购到餐桌全过程进行危害分析,对关键点针对性地提出控制措施.结果 确立了7个关键控制点,即食谱制订,原料采购、加工,食品配送、留验,餐具容器消毒和从业人员卫生,同时制订出HACCP计划.结论 HACCP管理原理的应用,不仅降低了部队食品安全风险,提高了管理水平,也为部队执行重大任务时的饮食保障积累了经验.

  9. Preparación de un plan muestreo para la auditoría de proyectos de desarrollo tecnológico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Antonio Garavito Herrera

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un plan de muestreo para auditoría e interventoría de proyectos de desarrollo tecnológico. Se plantea un esquema general de los proyectos relevantes del muestreo, cuáles deben tenerse en cuenta, un procedimiento para determinar el tamaño y la selección de la muestra y calcular algunas estadísticas inferenciales acerca de la población muestreada. Es una combinación de técnicas tradicionales de muestreo estadístico y muestreo para aceptación en control de calidad.

  10. Clean and safe supply of fish and shellfish to clear the HACCP regulation by use of clean and cold deep ocean water in Rausu, Hokkaido, Japan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mac Takahashi, Masayuki; Yamashita, Kazunori

    2005-07-01

    For the supply of fish and shellfish to consumers in fresh condition, clean handling after catch from the sea is essential. According to HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points), it is important to meet such requirement by keeping fish and shellfish under a certain low temperature and clean conditions after catching. The deep ocean water (DOW) characterized by low temperature and cleanliness has been chosen for fish and shellfish handlings, particularly for salmon, cod, and sea urchin in Town ‘Rausu’ in Hokkaido, Japan. DOW below 2.9’C of an amount of nearly 5 000m3 is planned to be pumped up every day from a depth of about 350 m, and temporarily stored in a large simulated tank on land. DOW is then supplied to fish boats through hydrants distributed throughout the harbor and used for keeping salmon in clean and cold conditions. Ice made from DOW is also used for lowering temperature if necessary. DOW and ice made from DOW are also used during the transportation of fish and shellfish. The entire system is scheduled to be completed by the summer of 2005.

  11. Common problems in HACCP examination and analysis concerned%HACCP审核中常见问题及分析

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    朱建军; 蔡纯

    2007-01-01

    列举了作者在HACCP审核中所遇到问题的实例,对照国家认监委《食品生产企业危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)管理体系认证管理规定》和CAC《HACCP体系及其应用准则》逐一进行剖析,指出了HACCP原理在实际应用中存在的普遍问题--没有从企业的实际情况出发,科学系统地应用HACCP原理进行分析,制定出科学有效的HACCP计划.

  12. Estudio de factibilidad para un minimercado de conveniencia en el Plan Parcial La Asomadera

    OpenAIRE

    Arango Aguirre, Juan Manuel; Rodríguez Botero, Jorge Eduardo

    2016-01-01

    Este trabajo pretende analizar la factibilidad de establecer un auto-mercado de conveniencia en el Plan Parcial La Asomadera (barrio El Poblado, Medellín) a través de un estudio del mercado constructor en la ciudad -- El proceso se realizará mediante una metodología que evalúe la factibilidad legal, ambiental, comercial, técnica y financiera del proyecto, con el fin de sentar las bases para un emprendimiento futuro

  13. Metodología para un proceso apreciativo, dinámico y colaborativo: III Plan de Salud de Canarias

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Joaquín O'Shanahan Juan

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available La necesidad de nuevos enfoques de planificación estratégica con la incorporación de la visión de profesionales y ciudadanos ha orientado un nuevo modelo para el III Plan de Salud de Canarias (IIIPSC. Se propone un proceso participativo con soporte de metodología cualitativa en dos etapas: 1 fase local: estudio cuantitativo-cualitativo a través de una acción formativa y de investigación-acción-participación, y 2 fase insular: conferencias de salud, con debate sobre resultados en sesiones presenciales en cada área de salud (isla y propuestas de acción. El proceso define una priorización de problemas y un plan de acción específico para cada isla mediante operaciones consideradas viables, agrupadas por temas y ponderadas según el potencial impacto sobre los problemas priorizados. Este proceso de interacción puede contribuir a orientar los cambios de modelo de planificación y la toma de decisiones en política sanitaria, y se encuentra recogido en el Proyecto del IIIPSC para su tramitación parlamentaria.

  14. Plan de actividades físico-deportivo-recreativo-cultural para los estudiantes de la ELAM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maricela Sánchez Pérez

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available La población de segundo año de la ELAM, corresponde a 1935 estudiantes, donde se escogió al azar seis grupos para conformar una muestra de 565 estudiantes, 175 del sexo femenino y 390 del sexo masculino. Colaboraron con este plan las organizaciones políticas del centro, médicos, Extensión Uni-versitaria, profesores de Educación Física y el Buró Sindical del Centro. Se utilizaron diferentes méto-dos, técnicas y procedimientos como el diagnóstico, la encuesta de gustos y preferencias, el análisis y síntesis, el método inductivo y deductivo, el análisis de documentos, el PNI, la consulta a especialista y el análisis matemático. Las actividades que conforman este plan son el Futbol, los Juegos de mesa y las tradicionales, la Bailo-Terapia y el carnaval comunitario con participación para la muestra y demás estudiantes. Este grupo de actividades influyen positivamente en los jóvenes, aporta conocimientos, mantiene la comunidad tranquila, despierta la creatividad, preserva la salud, fomenta las relaciones interpersonales, contribuye con el desarrollo de la personalidad, favorece a la formación de valores y fortalece los vínculos entre los países. Nuestro objetivo principal es elaborar un Plan de Actividades físicas-recreativas-deportivas-culturales.

  15. HACCP plan fresh fish processing Marituna

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Aalberts, C.H.J.

    2003-01-01

    In the past regulatory authorities for food products had a duty to ensure that foods offered tothe consumer are at least safe to eat. The authorities required a positive approach of using Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), producing food in a hygienic manner, and by inspection of finished product.

  16. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP program implementation possibility during the preparation of lettuce salad served at State University of Londrina university restaurant/ Possibilidade de implementação de um programa de análise de perigo e pontos críticos de controle (APPCC na preparação de salada de alface no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Massami Shimokomaki

    2001-05-01

    Full Text Available The possibility of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points – HACCP- system implementation was evaluated at University Restaurant (UR of State University of Londrina (UEL. A study was designed to assure the safety of vegetables served as raw salad. Lettuce salad was taken as example. After checking the Good Manufacturing Practice it was verified further that UR presented the necessary conditions to allow the HACCP system implementation for this product. The chemical, physical and biological hazards were checked throughout lettuce salad preparation and the critical control points were identified at raw material (CCP chemical, washing (physical CCP and disinfecting step (biological CCP. Preventive and monitoring measures were also established in order to assure a safe lettuce salad provided by the UEL-UR.Foi desenvolvida uma avaliação sobre a possibilidade de implementar um programa de um sistema de Análise de Perigo e Pontos Críticos de Controle – APPCC, visando assegurar a inocuidade de hortaliças servidas como salada crua no Restaurante Universitário (RU da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, tomando-se como exemplo, a salada de alface. Avaliados os procedimentos das Boas Práticas de Fabricação, foi verificado que o RU apresentou boa parte dos requisitos necessários para que seja implantado o sistema APPCC. Foram listados os perigos químicos, físicos e biológicos para cada etapa da produção de salada de alface. Como pontos críticos de controle foram identificadas as etapas de recebimento (PCC químico, lavagem (PCC físico e desinfecção (PCC biológico e estabelecidas as medidas preventivas e de monitoramento.

  17. Sanitation of chicken eggs by ionizing radiation: HACCP and inactivation studies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Verde, S.C.; Tenreiro, R.; Botelho, M.L.

    2004-01-01

    The aim of this study is to develop the application of irradiation technology to chicken eggs in order to get a product free of pathogenic microorganisms. Bioburden values of eggs from chickens of different ages (n=150) were found to not be significantly different (p 5 cfu/egg was obtained for the shell. Two major microbial groups were characterized in the egg's natural microbiota, no Salmonella or Campylobacter were detected. HACCP studies indicated the feed as a critical point. Dosimetry studies were carried out in a γ facility to find the best geometry and dose rate for irradiation. Whole eggs were artificially contaminated with reference strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni and irradiated in the γ facility at sub-lethal doses (0.2-1 kGy) with a dose rate of 1.0 kGy/h. D value varied between 0.31-0.26 kGy and 0.20-0.19 kGy in S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis, and between 0.21-0.18 kGy and 0.07-0.09 in C. coli and C. jejuni, for shell and yolk+white. Using sub-lethal doses up to 5 kGy, the D value of natural microbiota in whole eggs was 1.29 kGy. Results show that low irradiation doses could guarantee egg sanitation

  18. Estudio de impacto ambiental Expost y el plan de manejo ambiental para el Batallón de Infantería 19 Carchi

    OpenAIRE

    Quezada Yaguache, Galo Efrén

    2016-01-01

    La realización del proyecto, estudio de impacto ambiental Expost y Plan de Manejo Ambiental para el Batallón de Infantería 19 Carchi, contempló acciones previas donde se estableció información relevante en base a características Físicas y microbiológicas del agua, para lo cual se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio en la cual se obtuvo impactos negativos despreciables en el componente Abiótico o biótico de tal manera que serán mitigados en las diferentes acciones propuestas en el plan de manejo...

  19. The implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point management system in a peanut butter ice cream plant

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yu-Ting Hung

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available To ensure the safety of the peanut butter ice cream manufacture, a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP plan has been designed and applied to the production process. Potential biological, chemical, and physical hazards in each manufacturing procedure were identified. Critical control points for the peanut butter ice cream were then determined as the pasteurization and freezing process. The establishment of a monitoring system, corrective actions, verification procedures, and documentation and record keeping were followed to complete the HACCP program. The results of this study indicate that implementing the HACCP system in food industries can effectively enhance food safety and quality while improving the production management.

  20. Plan de gestión del turismo de reuniones para la satisfacción del visitante de Chiclayo

    OpenAIRE

    Serruto Perea, Elvis

    2017-01-01

    El turismo de reuniones adquiere gran importancia en el desarrollo turístico de una ciudad por sus beneficios económicos y sociales. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo diseñar un plan de gestión del turismo de reuniones identificando los recursos turísticos necesarios para lograr la satisfacción del visitante en la ciudad de Chiclayo. Mediante entrevistas a expertos y encuestas realizadas, se logró realizar un análisis de la demanda y oferta para el segmento de turismo de reuniones. La in...

  1. Application of HACCP principles as a management tool for monitoring and controlling microbiological hazards in water treatment facilities.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jagals, C; Jagals, P

    2004-01-01

    HACCP (hazard analysis and critical control points) principles were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of two water treatment facilities to continually produce potable water free of microbiological health hazards. This paper reports a hazard analyses protocol (microbiological hazards based on faecal coliforms (FC) and turbidity (TBY) as indicators) for critical control points (CCPs) within each facility. The CCPs were raw resource water, sedimentation, filtration and chlorine-disinfection. The aim was to determine the effectiveness of each CCP to remove the indicators from the water under treatment. Arbitrary critical performance limit targets (CPLTs) were set up for each CCP to determine to what extent each contributed to effective removal and to predict what the effect would be if any of the CCPs should fail. Health-related water quality guideline limits for expected health effects were applied and compliance measured at the 90th percentile. The raw resource river water used at both treatment facilities complied with raw resource water extraction CPLTs. The treated potable water complied with health-related drinking water guidelines. Sedimentation removed the largest proportion of the indicators from the raw water, but showed failure potential that could overload the consequent system. Filtration effectiveness at both treatment facilities showed potential to break down the overall effectiveness of the entire treatment facility, since the filter systems failed to meet their respective CPLTs. This left the disinfection phase to remove the remaining portion of indicators. Faecal coliforms appeared to be completely removed from post-chlorination samples. This indicated that both chlorine disinfection phases were 100% effective in meeting their disinfection CPLTs, despite having to "clean up" the indicator organisms that spilt over from the upstream CCPs. This, nevertheless, implied a risk of unsafe water release into distribution. CCPs at these treatment

  2. Cómo preparar el Plan de Tecnología de Información para su Empresa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergio Espinoza Guido

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available En vista de la competencia, la innovación, loscambios, las estrategias y el futuro, los ejecutivosdeben reconocerle a la Tecnología de Información (TIsu importancia en el desarrollo de las empresas y losnegocios. Hoy en día, por lo tanto, es perentorio quese dediquen primero a realizar una verdadera gestiónestratégica, basada en la TI, con verdaderos planes alargo plazo que contemplen, desde su inicio, todas lasactividades de la organización. Las áreas que componen la entidad deben generarsus propios planes y gestiones, para que el Área de TIpueda apoyarse en éstos y, así, generar planes a largoplazo que coadyuven a lograr las metas y los objetivosgenerales. No deben olvidar que la TI está compuestapor una serie de elementos, todos de suma relevanciadentro del contexto organizacional. De estos, el másimportante es la información; de nada vale disponerde mucha tecnología de avanzada, si no se sabe cómoutilizarla para que proporcione información necesariapara la solución de problemas, la toma de decisiones,y para mejorar el control. Indudablemente, sin unverdadero y efectivo proceso de planificación a largoplazo, esto no se logra.   ABSTRACT Business executives must acknowledge theimportance of Information Technology (IT incompany and business development due to competition,innovation, changes, strategies and hereafter. Nowadaysit is paramount for them to develop a real strategicmanagement based on IT with real long term plans thatcontemplate all organizational activities from the verybeginning. All areas comprising the business should generatetheir own plans and efforts so the IT area can use themto generate long term plans that help in attaining itsgoals and general objectives. It should not be forgottenthat IT is comprised by several elements, all which areextremely important in the organizational context. Ofthese the most relevant is information itself; it is notworth to possess the most advanced technology whilenot knowing

  3. Caminhos para a gestão integrada do território no Vale do Paraíba de 1950 a 2004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luiz Ronca Caruso

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available The Paraíba Valley region and its political-administrative frame. The region and its two phases of Planning: the economic development and the sustainable one. The Paraíba Valley Road System as a policy of the economic planning. The Paraíba Valley Region and its physical conformation: the Paraíba do Sul river basin. The water resources management in the Paraíba do Sul river basin. Two levels of management: the federal and the one of the State. The water resources Planning and its possibilities for a sustainable development of the region, through a comprehensive management

  4. Application of HACCP System in Restaurant Industry%浅析HACCP系统在餐饮业的应用

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    熊敏

    2003-01-01

    食品的安全性正受到世界范围的广泛关注,危害分析关键控制点系统(HACCP)是近年来逐步应用于食品生产过程中的食品安全控制系统.在各类由于食品污染引起的食源性疾病中,60%发生于餐饮企业.若在餐饮业中实施HACCP系统,将有助于帮助人们获得安全的食品.本文根据中餐烹调工艺的特点,简要分析餐饮业如何实施HACCP系统.

  5. Diagnostico organizacional y formulación del plan estratégico de desarrollo para la empresa WPA Fauna y Ambiente S.A.S

    OpenAIRE

    Garavito Garavito, Gustavo Alfonso

    2017-01-01

    La presente oferta de servicios comprende la elaboración del diagnóstico Organizacional y formulación del plan estratégico de desarrollo para la empresa WPA Fauna y Ambiente S.A.S, utilizando modelos de administración tales como; el modelo Pestel, el modelo de Kast–Rozeinsweig, el modelo de cinco fuerzas de Porter, complementado con un análisis (DOFA) para así, a partir del análisis de los hallazgos formular el plan de desarrollo que permita a la organización enfocarse en una estrategia de me...

  6. North American Rendering: processing high quality protein and fats for feed North American Rendering: processamento de proteínas e gorduras de alta qualidade para alimentos para animais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David L. Meeker

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available One third to one half of each animal produced for meat, milk, eggs, and fiber is not consumed by humans. These raw materials are subjected to rendering processes resulting in many useful products. Meat and bone meal, meat meal, poultry meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, blood meal, fish meal, and animal fats are the primary products resulting from the rendering process. The most important and valuable use for these animal by-products is as feed ingredients for livestock, poultry, aquaculture, and companion animals. There are volumes of scientific references validating the nutritional qualities of these products, and there are no scientific reasons for altering the practice of feeding rendered products to animals. Government agencies regulate the processing of food and feed, and the rendering industry is scrutinized often. In addition, industry programs include good manufacturing practices, HACCP, Codes of Practice, and third-party certification. The rendering industry clearly understands its role in the safe and nutritious production of animal feed ingredients and has done it very effectively for over 100 years. The availability of rendered products for animal feeds in the future depends on regulation and the market. Regulatory agencies will determine whether certain raw materials can be used for animal feed. The National Renderers Association (NRA supports the use of science as the basis for regulation while aesthetics, product specifications, and quality differences should be left to the market place. Without the rendering industry, the accumulation of unprocessed animal by-products would impede the meat industries and pose a serious potential hazard to animal and human health.De um terço a metade da produção animal para carne, leite, ovos e fibra, não são consumidos pelos seres humanos. Estes materiais não consumidos são sujeitos a processamento em graxarias e indústrias de alimentos de origem animal, resultando em uma série de produtos

  7. Irradiation of ready meals for microbial safety and shelf-life extension: 1. microbial quality of waakye and other other ready-to-eat meals

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nketsia-Tabiri, J.; Adu-Gyamfi, A.; Owusu-Biney, A.

    2006-01-01

    Waakye bought from the open market and 14 meals prepared under the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) plan were microbiologically investigated. The aerobic mesophilic count (AMC) (10 7 - 10 8 CFU g 1 ) and coliform count (10 6 - 10 7 CFU g -1 ) for complete waakye meals, including macaroni, fried fish, sauce and vegetable salad, exceeded the microbiological standards for such ready-to-eat meals. The AMC (10 1 - 10 4 CFU g 1 ) and coliform count (10 1 - 10 2 CFU g -1 ) for all the ready meals prepared under HACCP and stored (-5 to 0 0 C) for up to 5 days were within the standards. Potential pathogens isolated from waakye and the meals prepared under HACCP plan included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Serratia spp., and Enterobacter spp. Subsequent studies will exploit the potential of irradiation to eliminate pathogens and ensure the microbiological safety of ready-to-eat meals. (au)

  8. Plan de mercadeo para la comercialización de cursos relacionados con el marketing digital y software de aplicación empresarial en la ciudad de Guayaquil para la Empresa LINCE.

    OpenAIRE

    Linch Coloma, Luis Enrique

    2014-01-01

    El proyecto de titulación consiste en un plan de mercadeo para comercializar cursos relacionados al marketing digital y manejo de software de aplicación empresarial, el proyecto está enfocado en la ciudad de Guayaquil y como target primario tiene a estudiantes universitarios de los últimos ciclos de las carreras de negocio, también se plantea trabajar un target secundario, para este caso se apunta a jóvenes profesionales de empresas comerciales y a profesionales de ejercicio independien...

  9. Sanitation of chicken eggs by ionizing radiation: HACCP and inactivation studies

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Verde, S C; Tenreiro, R; Botelho, M L

    2004-10-01

    The aim of this study is to develop the application of irradiation technology to chicken eggs in order to get a product free of pathogenic microorganisms. Bioburden values of eggs from chickens of different ages (n=150) were found to not be significantly different (p<0.05) and an average value of (2.0{+-}0.3). 10{sup 5} cfu/egg was obtained for the shell. Two major microbial groups were characterized in the egg's natural microbiota, no Salmonella or Campylobacter were detected. HACCP studies indicated the feed as a critical point. Dosimetry studies were carried out in a {gamma} facility to find the best geometry and dose rate for irradiation. Whole eggs were artificially contaminated with reference strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni and irradiated in the {gamma} facility at sub-lethal doses (0.2-1 kGy) with a dose rate of 1.0 kGy/h. D{sub value} varied between 0.31-0.26 kGy and 0.20-0.19 kGy in S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis, and between 0.21-0.18 kGy and 0.07-0.09 in C. coli and C. jejuni, for shell and yolk+white. Using sub-lethal doses up to 5 kGy, the D{sub value} of natural microbiota in whole eggs was 1.29 kGy. Results show that low irradiation doses could guarantee egg sanitation.

  10. Sanitation of chicken eggs by ionizing radiation: HACCP and inactivation studies

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Verde, S.C. E-mail: sandracv@itn.mces.pt; Tenreiro, R.; Botelho, M.L

    2004-10-01

    The aim of this study is to develop the application of irradiation technology to chicken eggs in order to get a product free of pathogenic microorganisms. Bioburden values of eggs from chickens of different ages (n=150) were found to not be significantly different (p<0.05) and an average value of (2.0{+-}0.3). 10{sup 5} cfu/egg was obtained for the shell. Two major microbial groups were characterized in the egg's natural microbiota, no Salmonella or Campylobacter were detected. HACCP studies indicated the feed as a critical point. Dosimetry studies were carried out in a {gamma} facility to find the best geometry and dose rate for irradiation. Whole eggs were artificially contaminated with reference strains of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni and irradiated in the {gamma} facility at sub-lethal doses (0.2-1 kGy) with a dose rate of 1.0 kGy/h. D{sub value} varied between 0.31-0.26 kGy and 0.20-0.19 kGy in S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis, and between 0.21-0.18 kGy and 0.07-0.09 in C. coli and C. jejuni, for shell and yolk+white. Using sub-lethal doses up to 5 kGy, the D{sub value} of natural microbiota in whole eggs was 1.29 kGy. Results show that low irradiation doses could guarantee egg sanitation.

  11. Aspectos macroeconómicos del plan nacional de desarrollo cambio para construir la paz Macroeconomic aspects of the development plan change to reach peace

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rhenals M. Remberto

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available En el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo "Cambio para construir la Paz" se presenta una plitica de estabilizacion que pretende establecer los equlibrios macroeconomicos y elevar el ritmo de crecimiento de la economia colombiana. Este articulo analiza la propuesta de politica economica del plan, incluida en la seccion "Macroeconomia, crecimiento y empleo". En particular se estudia la estrategia de estabilizacion y crecmiento de la economia. Las principales conclusiones de nuestro analisis son: a el ajuste fiscal propuesto es poco efectivo porque no reduce de forma importante el gasto corriente. Esto puede afectar el crecimiento normal de la economia porque se reduce la inversion publica y no se reasignan fondos hacia areas prioritarias como la formacion de capital humano y la investigacion en ciencia y tecnologia; y b el programa macroecnomico tiene problemas de consistencia. Segun nuestras estimaciones, el lento crecimiento del ahorro domestico seria insuficiente para mantener un crecimiento sostenido del Pib.The economic and social planning project in Colombia, 'Change to reach peace' presents mainly a stabilization policy that intends to restore macroeconomic equilibrium and also pretends to increase the economic growth in the presidential period of 1998-2002. This article analyses the economic policy proposal included in the section "Macroeconomics,growth and employment". More precisely it is concerned in the stabilization and growth strategy. Ourmain conclusions are: a fiscal adjustment is not effective, becauseit does not reduce government consumption. This situation can affect potential economic growth due to a decrease in public investment and there will not be a reallocation of resources for human capital and investment in research and development; b macroeconomic plan is not consistent. Based on our estimations, slow growth of domestic saving could not be enough to maintain a sustainable process of economic growth.

  12. The implementation of a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point management system in a peanut butter ice cream plant.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hung, Yu-Ting; Liu, Chi-Te; Peng, I-Chen; Hsu, Chin; Yu, Roch-Chui; Cheng, Kuan-Chen

    2015-09-01

    To ensure the safety of the peanut butter ice cream manufacture, a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan has been designed and applied to the production process. Potential biological, chemical, and physical hazards in each manufacturing procedure were identified. Critical control points for the peanut butter ice cream were then determined as the pasteurization and freezing process. The establishment of a monitoring system, corrective actions, verification procedures, and documentation and record keeping were followed to complete the HACCP program. The results of this study indicate that implementing the HACCP system in food industries can effectively enhance food safety and quality while improving the production management. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

  13. Plan de mercadeo para un servicio de intermediación abierta entre empresas por medio de subasta inversa en la ciudad de Cali.

    OpenAIRE

    Rengifo Tascón, Marcelo Andrés; Contreras Pineda, Víctor Alfonso

    2015-01-01

    Este documento contiene el plan de mercadeo para evaluar la viabilidad y lanzamiento de una empresa de intermediación en el mercado colombiano de material publicitario impreso entre empresas anunciantes e impresores mediante subasta inversa. Se pretende emprender con esta empresa pionera en el sector para abrir el mercado creando una plataforma que funcionará como canal de comunicación y negociación entre las empresas que requieran los servicios de impresión. Para llevar a cabo este proyec...

  14. Plan integral de negocios para la Empresa Rodeport

    OpenAIRE

    Banegas Lucero, Tania Maribel; Tacuri Flores, Diana Patricia

    2007-01-01

    El siguiente trabajo de investigación está dividido en 5 capítulos los cuales son de suma importancia para el desarrollo y aplicación de las estrategias para la empresa Rodeport. En el primer capítulo se habla sobre los conceptos principales de un área funcional muy importante en cualquier organización y esta es FINANZAS. La cual habla la manera en que la gente asigna recursos y divide el dinero, los costos que intervienen en esta área para el cálculo pero sobre todo, los principales estad...

  15. Plan de empresa para empresa de servicios de ingeniería domótica

    OpenAIRE

    Olano Razkin, Álvaro

    2010-01-01

    En un contexto de previsible aumento de la demanda de instalación y uso de servicios domóticos, este proyecto presenta el plan para la creación de una empresa de servicios de ingeniería domótica. En concreto, la nueva empresa que se proyecta pretende dar servicio a un segmento de la demanda poco desarrollado, y por tanto poco atendido, de la demanda. Este segmento está formado principalmente por pequeñas y medianas promotoras inmobiliarias decididas a diferenciar sus viviendas ...

  16. Plan de marketing de turismo gastronómico en Lima para Chile y Ecuador

    OpenAIRE

    Castro Rivera, Tatiana; León-Gambetta Martín-Arranz, Álvaro; Saavedra Castillo, Carmen; Tregear Targarona, Lorena

    2017-01-01

    xiii, 116 h. : il. ; 30 cm. El turismo en el Perú muestra un notorio crecimiento, el cual se evidencia en las alentadoras cifras para los siguientes años, así como en muchas oportunidades a futuro. En tal contexto, en este trabajo se presenta un Plan de Marketing que, al ser llevado a cabo por el Estado peruano a través de PROMPERÚ, mostrará las bondades de la cocina nacional a turistas chilenos y ecuatorianos. Con ello se logrará que el turismo gastronómico limeño crezca. A...

  17. Diseño de un plan estratégico de seguridad vial departamental (Modelo piloto para el departamento de Boyacá

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flor Ángela Cerquera Escobar Julio Andrés Pabón Cachope Ricardo Andrés Fajardo

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Sintetiza  una  serie  de  consideraciones  que  sirvencomo marco  de  referencia  para  definir  un  plan  deacción en seguridad vial, cuyo desarrollo y ejecuciónestán  encaminados  a  reducir  los  accidentes  en  lasvías del departamento de Boyacá, y que sirve comomodelo guía para cualquier otra región del país. Losresultados  que  se  presentan  fueron  obtenidos  en  eldesarrollo  del  proyecto  de  grado  en  Ingeniería  deTransporte  y  Vías  t itulado  “Diseño  del  PlanEstratégico de Seguridad Vial para el departamentode Boyacá”;  además,  se  consideran  varios  tópicosplanteados en documentos que sobre Seguridad Vialha  desarrollado  el  Grupo  de  Invest igación  yDesarrollo en Operación del Tránsito, GIDOT. Esteproyecto  se  adelantó  como  un  direccionamiento  alPlan  de  Desarrollo  del  departamento,   en  lo

  18. Application of food safety management systems (ISO 22000/HACCP) in the Turkish poultry industry: a comparison based on enterprise size.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kök, M Samil

    2009-10-01

    The objectives of this study were to determine the extent of food safety management systems (ISO 22000/HACCP) implementation in the Turkish poultry industry. A survey was conducted with 25 major poultry meat producers, which account for close to 90% of national production, and a comparison was made between the procedures of small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) and large firms (LFs). The survey revealed that there is a high level of application of ISO 22000 (72%), which is seen to aid the export market. LFs were shown to adopt more stringent schemes and make better use of governmental support services than SMEs. LFs were also more aware of, and able to deal with, risks from a greater range of contaminants.

  19. HACCP-Based Programs for Preventing Disease and Injury from Premise Plumbing: A Building Consensus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    William F. McCoy

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Thousands of preventable injuries and deaths are annually caused by microbial, chemical and physical hazards from building water systems. Water is processed in buildings before use; this can degrade the quality of the water. Processing steps undertaken on-site in buildings often include conditioning, filtering, storing, heating, cooling, pressure regulation and distribution through fixtures that restrict flow and temperature. Therefore, prevention of disease and injury requires process management. A process management framework for buildings is the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP adaptation of failure mode effects analysis (FMEA. It has been proven effective for building water system management. Validation is proof that hazards have been controlled under operating conditions and may include many kinds of evidence including cultures of building water samples to detect and enumerate potentially pathogenic microorganisms. However, results from culture tests are often inappropriately used because the accuracy and precision are not sufficient to support specifications for control limit or action triggers. A reliable negative screen is based on genus-level Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR for Legionella in building water systems; however, building water samples with positive results from this test require further analysis by culture methods.

  20. HACCP-Based Programs for Preventing Disease and Injury from Premise Plumbing: A Building Consensus

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCoy, William F.; Rosenblatt, Aaron A.

    2015-01-01

    Thousands of preventable injuries and deaths are annually caused by microbial, chemical and physical hazards from building water systems. Water is processed in buildings before use; this can degrade the quality of the water. Processing steps undertaken on-site in buildings often include conditioning, filtering, storing, heating, cooling, pressure regulation and distribution through fixtures that restrict flow and temperature. Therefore, prevention of disease and injury requires process management. A process management framework for buildings is the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) adaptation of failure mode effects analysis (FMEA). It has been proven effective for building water system management. Validation is proof that hazards have been controlled under operating conditions and may include many kinds of evidence including cultures of building water samples to detect and enumerate potentially pathogenic microorganisms. However, results from culture tests are often inappropriately used because the accuracy and precision are not sufficient to support specifications for control limit or action triggers. A reliable negative screen is based on genus-level Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for Legionella in building water systems; however, building water samples with positive results from this test require further analysis by culture methods. PMID:26184325

  1. [Public food service in Milan city and Hinterland: GMP application (Part 1)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pontello, M; Dal Vecchio, A; Bertini, I; Valerio, E

    2005-01-01

    Food service establishments are recognized as a critical sector concerning foodborne diseases occurrence, that is associated to contributing factors such as the anticipated preparation of meals that are often highly handled, and long-time distributed. A survey has been planned to evaluate the application of HACCP plan, in order to select a statistically representative sample of food services (restaurant, pizza-shop, bar, ..) in two Milan area' Public Health Units (PHU). During the inspections a proper check-list has been filled up in order to give a conformity evaluation about the global situation and about three specific sections: hygiene of food-handlers, procedures control, temperatures management. The food services have been found satisfactory in 9/106 and 5/54 cases in Milan City and in hinterland, respectively; among the two areas, highly significant differences have been revealed about temperatures management (68% and 28% unsatisfactory, respectively). In Milan City restaurants provided with HACCP plan scores are significantly different from unprovided restaurants scores (global and the three sections' evaluation); in Milan hinterland differences between provided and unprovided HACCP plan restaurants regard temperature management scores only. Useful suggestions to improve the quality of surveillance activity come from complex and heterogeneous findings shown in this study.

  2. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) program implementation possibility during the preparation of lettuce salad served at State University of Londrina university restaurant/
    Possibilidade de implementação de um programa de análise de perigo e pontos críticos de controle (APPCC) na preparação de salada de alface no restaurante universitário da Universidade Estadual de Londrina

    OpenAIRE

    Massami Shimokomaki; Clarice Fujiko Yonemitsu; Rosicler Balduino Nogueira; Simone Palma Favaro

    2001-01-01

    The possibility of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points – HACCP- system implementation was evaluated at University Restaurant (UR) of State University of Londrina (UEL). A study was designed to assure the safety of vegetables served as raw salad. Lettuce salad was taken as example. After checking the Good Manufacturing Practice it was verified further that UR presented the necessary conditions to allow the HACCP system implementation for this product. The chemical, physical and biologi...

  3. UNA METODOLOGÍA PARA LA FORMULACIÓN DE PLANES DE ORDENAMIENTO DEL RECURSO HÍDRICO A Methodology for Formulating Water Ordering Plans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teresita Betancur Vargas

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available En el marco de la política nacional para la gestión del recurso hídrico, el Decreto 3930 de 2010, reafirma la necesidad y pertinencia de formular planes de ordenamiento del recurso hídrico -PORH-; si bien ya el Decreto 1594 de 1984 había planteado esta necesidad, poco se ha avanzado en el país al respecto. Este artículo sintetiza los resultados de un proyecto de investigación realizado por la Universidad de Antioquia por encargo de CORANTIOQUIA, en relación con el diseño de una propuesta metodológica para la formulación de los PORH. Esta metodología fue ya aplicada para formular los PORH para cuerpos de agua en microcuencas de las Direcciones Territoriales Tahamíes y Zenufaná de CORANTIOQUIA.In relation to the national policy for water management, Decree 3930, 2010 ratifies the importance and need for formulating Water Ordering Plans; although Decree 1594, 1984 had already established this need, few progress has been achieved in the country in relation to this topic. This article is a synthesis of results of a research project hired by CORANTIOQUIA and conducted by Universidad de Antioquia with respect to the design of a methodological proposal for formulating Water Ordering Plans. This methodology has already been applied to formulate Water Ordering Plans for water bodies in micro-basins from CORANTIOQUIA Tahamíes and Zenufaná territories.

  4. Plan de márketing para el Hotel Viena Internacional categoría 3 estrellas ubicado en el Centro Histórico de Quito

    OpenAIRE

    Revelo Manzano, Martha Alejandra

    2011-01-01

    Se requiere de un estudio de mercado para conocer las necesidades de los clientes, además las fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas de nuestro entorno con el propósito de establecer una diferenciación con la competencia. Ante estos nuevos cambios y necesidades es importante proponer un Plan de Marketing para el Hotel Viena Internacional.

  5. Plan estratégico de mercadeo para el fomento de la producción de plantas medicinales y aromáticas de Asoplames (Nuevo Colón, Boyacá

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nope Claudia

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available

    El plan estratégico de mercadeo para el fomento de la producción de plantas medicinales y aromáticas de Asoplames, Asociación de Productores de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas (PMyA, con sede en el municipio de Nuevo Colón, es una herramienta que reúne las condiciones necesarias para mejorar la comercialización de los productos de la asociación en los contextos regional, nacional e internacional. La estructuración del plan se inició con la realización de un diagnóstico interno-externo de Asoplames, mediante el diseño de una matriz DOFA. La información acopiada sirvió de base para definir la misión, la visión y el plan de acción como componentes fundamentales del plan estratégico de mercadeo.

  6. Proyecto para el diseño e implementación de un plan de captación y fidelización de clientes utilizando recursos y herramientas internet

    OpenAIRE

    Herrer Riu, Carlos Alberto

    2014-01-01

    El objetivo del presente proyecto es el de diseñar e implementar un plan para la captación y fidelización de clientes para una empresa de servicios de consultoría y de formación, “RTM Calidad y Formación SL”, mediante los actuales recursos y herramientas internet, lo que se conoce en el mundo del marketing digital como un plan de social media marketing (SMM)

  7. Plan de apoyo integral para el desempeño escolar de los alumnos (paidea)

    OpenAIRE

    Morales Ramírez, María Ascensión

    2016-01-01

    Existe una gran preocupación en torno a que los alumnos vean obstaculizada su trayectoria escolar, debido, entre otros factores, a los relacionados con su situación socioeconómica y de salud, los bajos niveles de interés por sus estudios y la escasa claridad en cuanto a las expectativas para la conclusión de los mismos. Así, por ejemplo, el Plan de Desarrollo Universitario señala que más de una tercera parte de los alumnos de nuevo ingreso a la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), ...

  8. Plan de manejo sostenible de tierra para la producción de leche en la UBPC Aguadita, Cienfuegos, Cuba

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eligia de la C Cuellar

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio en la UBPC Aguadita, del municipio Rodas _provincia Cienfuegos, Cuba_, con el objetivo de elaborar un plan de manejo sostenible del suelo para incrementar la producción de leche. Se utilizó la guía contenida en el manual de procedimientos para la implementación del manejo sostenible de tierra. Los pasos de la guía permitieron concebir una investigación no experimental, de tipo correlacional/múltiple, en la que se utilizaron métodos teóricos y prácticos con sus correspondientes técnicas (entrevistas, encuestas, revisión documental, observación directa; y se realizaron mediciones en el lugar, con la aplicación de diez herramientas metodológicas. Se demostró que la baja producción de leche en la UBPC es causada fundamentalmente por la degradación de los suelos, la mala calidad de los pastos y la deficiente gestión del conocimiento, lo que coincide con la principal barrera para la aplicación del manejo sostenible de tierra. A partir de estos resultados se elaboró el plan de manejo sostenible, como herramienta que contribuye a desarrollar acciones que mitiguen el impacto negativo de la degradación de suelos en el rendimiento lechero de la unidad.

  9. Propuesta de un plan estratégico de marketing para la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Artesanal de la ciudad de Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    Salazar Centeno, Sandra Elizabeth; Toledo Solano, Miriam Alexandra

    2008-01-01

    La presente tesina, constituye un Plan Estratégico de Marketing para la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito "Artesanal", orientado a contribuir con el desarrollo y bienestar para sus socios. Hoy en día las empresas deben ser proactivas y adelantarse a las necesidades del mercado, esto ayudará a mejorar su imagen, pero para esto, es importante contar con la filosofía empresarial, es decir el tener establecido cual es el norte de le entidad financiera, determinar las metas, objetivos institucion...

  10. Plan de negocio para la creación de un establecimiento de ocio en Valencia

    OpenAIRE

    CATALUÑA MARTÍNEZ, JULIO FRANCISCO

    2017-01-01

    [ES] En este Trabajo Final de Carrera se presenta un plan de empresa para la creación y puesta en marcha de un establecimiento de ocio en la ciudad de Valencia. La empresa se trata de un local con una temática de e-sports (deportes electrónicos), en el que se puedan visualizar torneos y otros acontecimientos relacionados con el mundo de los videojuegos. Además, se puedan jugar con equipos destinados a ese fin como ordenadores y videoconsolas entre otros. Por último, oferta de bebida y comi...

  11. Plan de negocios para la comercialización de empanadas en Lima - Perú

    OpenAIRE

    UPC, Repositorio Academico; Noltenius, Susanne; Olaechea, Adolfo; Rodríguez, Renzo

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo propone un Plan de Negocios para la comercialización de las empanadas Doña Clara. Se trata de un negocio estructurado, cuya misión, visión, valores y filosofía se exponen en el capítulo 1, basado en un sondeo de mercado que se describe en el capítulo 2, y con estrategias comerciales enunciadas en el capítulo 3. Los objetivos se explican en el capítulo 4 y la proyección de resultados se comenta en el capítulo 5. Empañadas Doña Clara son una propuesta nueva de comercializaci...

  12. Plan de negocios para la comercialización de empanadas en Lima Perú

    OpenAIRE

    Noltenius, Susanne; Olaechea, Adolfo; Rodríguez, Renzo

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo propone un Plan de Negocios para la comercialización de las empanadas Doña Clara. Se trata de un negocio estructurado, cuya misión, visión, valores y filosofía se exponen en el capítulo 1, basado en un sondeo de mercado que se describe en el capítulo 2, y con estrategias comerciales enunciadas en el capítulo 3. Los objetivos se explican en el capítulo 4 y la proyección de resultados se comenta en el capítulo 5. Empañadas Doña Clara son una propuesta nueva de comercializaci...

  13. Un modelo bi-criterio para la ubicación de albergues, como parte de un plan de evacuación en caso de inundaciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Gaytán Iniestra

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Una de las ciudades mexicanas afectada recurrentemente por inundaciones es la de Villahermosa, capital del Estado de Tabasco, el cual se ubica al sureste de la república mexicana. Las inundaciones frecuentes hacen necesario contar con un plan de ayuda para apoyar y garantizar la seguridad de la población afectada. El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar un plan de evacuación de la población en caso de inundación, el cual incluye: 1 la apertura de albergues y centros de distribución, con un inventario pre-posicionado de paquetes de ayuda y 2 la asignación de individuos a albergues y rutas para su evacuación.  Empleando Sistemas de Información Geográfica y software especializado se simularon tres escenarios de inundación para la ciudad de Villahermosa: tirante de agua de 80 centímetros, 2 y 4 metros para identificar instalaciones que pudieran acondicionarse como albergues o centros de distribución, rutas de evacuación y zonas de la ciudad que resultarían inundadas.  Esta información se utilizó como entrada de un modelo de programación lineal entera con dos objetivos: minimizar el tiempo total requerido para evacuar a las personas y minimizar el costo total de abrir albergues y centros de distribución, y de usar las rutas de comunicación para trasladar a la población y abastecer los albergues. Como estos son objetivos que están en conflicto, se generaron puntos selectos del frente de Pareto, mediante el método de los pesos y la ε-restricción, que corresponden a distintos planes preventivos de evacuación los que garantizan el uso óptimo de los recursos económicos. Los modelos se resolvieron empleando el Sistema General de Modelaje Algebraico; primero se obtuvo la solución de mínimo costo, que satisface todas las restricciones para después minimizar el tiempo total de evacuación. Los puntos generados representan, por tanto, opciones con costo diferente para evacuar a la totalidad de la población afectada

  14. Plan de actividades físico-deportivo-recreativo-cultural para los estudiantes de la ELAM

    OpenAIRE

    Maricela Sánchez Pérez; Emma Alfonso Trujillo,; Emma Sánchez Pérez; Yosk Vantil strillo SáncheCaz

    2017-01-01

    La población de segundo año de la ELAM, corresponde a 1935 estudiantes, donde se escogió al azar seis grupos para conformar una muestra de 565 estudiantes, 175 del sexo femenino y 390 del sexo masculino. Colaboraron con este plan las organizaciones políticas del centro, médicos, Extensión Uni-versitaria, profesores de Educación Física y el Buró Sindical del Centro. Se utilizaron diferentes méto-dos, técnicas y procedimientos como el diagnóstico, la encuesta de gustos y preferencias, el ...

  15. Los contenidos curriculares del plan de estudios: una propuesta para su organzación y estructur

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available La propuesta para organizar y estructurar elcontenido curricular de los planes de estudio, se generade la información recopilada, mediante técnicas cualita-tivas, acerca de la experiencia o de los docentes, estu-diantes y profesionales en servicio que participaron comoinformantes del estudio. Ésta se enmarca dentro de unaconcepción curricular holística que enfatiza la transmi-sión de la información de forma integrada y de maneraparticipativa y dinámica, propiciando la construcción deconocimientos. Los lineamientos metodológicos se presen-tan en dos apartados: la organización de los contenidosprogramáticos que aborda los ejes, las líneas curricularesy los criterios para organizar el contenido y, en el segun-do apartado, estructura de los contenidos del plan de es-tudios se organiza la información en dos áreas académi-ca y personal

  16. Plan de las Mujeres: marco conceptual y metodología para el Buen Vivir

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julieta Paredes

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available This article analyzes the impact that neoliberal policies have on women and sets out the epistemological fracture that communitarian feminism produces in Western feminism.  We discuss the circumstances in which, for the first time in the history of Bolivian public policies for women, a Plan de las Mujeres emerges from within women’s social organizations. This article also offers the conceptual frame that guides such a Plan, which relies on five categories or fields of direct action that help us in defending ourselves from a market that has put our very lives on sale. These categories are our bodies, our space, our time, our memory, and the movements that we are able to articulate.Este trabajo analiza el impacto de las políticas neoliberales en la vida de las mujeres y expone el rompimiento epistemológico que el feminismo comunitario produce en el feminismo occidental.  Se discuten las circunstancias en las que, por primera vez en la historia de las políticas públicas para las mujeres en Bolivia, surge un Plan desde la base y las experiencias de las organizaciones sociales de mujeres.  El trabajo presenta el marco conceptual que orienta este Plan de las Mujeres y que descansa en cinco categorías o campos de acción directa que nos ayudan a defendernos de un mercado que puso en venta nuestras propias vidas.  Estas categorías son: nuestros cuerpos, nuestro espacio, nuestro tiempo, nuestra memoria y los movimientos que articulamos.

  17. PLAN DE MARKETING PARA LA EXPORTACIÓN DE PANETÓN A ESTADOS UNIDOS PERIODO 2012 - 2013

    OpenAIRE

    Altamirano Flores, Ernesto; Ingeniero agroindustrial - Mg. Sc. Agronegocios. Docente Auxiliar Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Perú.; Espinoza Villanueva, Luis; Coordinador de la Maestría en Agronegocios – Mg. Sc. Docente Principal de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Perú.

    2015-01-01

    En el Perú las empresas panetoneras de Lima metropolitana, no sólo producen panetón en su mayoría, también producen toda las variedades de panes y pasteles, se enfrentan a un mercado nacional altamente competitivo con las empresas trasnacionales e informales. Por tanto, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es, elaborar un plan de marketing para la exportación de panetón producido en Lima, con la finalidad de incrementar las ventas, posicionar el producto en el mercado internacional y s...

  18. Plan estratégico para la línea fitocosmética de Laboratorios QFA Ltda

    OpenAIRE

    Coronilla Burbano, Carlos Andrés; Pérez Galindo, Dahiana Fernanda

    2014-01-01

    El presente estudio tiene por finalidad la creación de un plan estratégico que permita la consolidación en el sector fitocosmetico y generar el capital suficiente para asegurar su continuidad de Laboratorios QFA Ltda. En la primera sección de este trabajo se desarrolló un análisis diagnóstico de la situación actual de la empresa mediante el uso de 3 herramientas que permitieron tener un panorama claro de su estructura actual de negocio y de sus fortalezas y debilidades. Medi...

  19. PLAN DE GESTIÓN DEL TURISMO DE REUNIONES PARA LA SATISFACCIÓN DEL VISITANTE DE CHICLAYO

    OpenAIRE

    Serruto Perea, Elvis; Universidad San Martín de Porres – Filial Norte, Chiclayo; Cabrera Cabrera, Xiomara; Universidad Señor de Sipán, Lambayeque

    2017-01-01

    El turismo de reuniones adquiere gran importancia en el desarrollo turístico de una ciudad por sus beneficios económicos y sociales. El objetivo de la investigación fue diseñar un plan de gestión del turismo de reuniones identificando los recursos turísticos necesarios que logren la satisfacción del visitante en la ciudad de Chiclayo. Mediante entrevistas a expertos y encuestas realizadas, se logró realizar un análisis de la demanda y oferta para definir las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilid...

  20. Plan de negocios para el ingreso a la exportación del espárrago congelado

    OpenAIRE

    Bengoa Medina, Paul; Ramos Montalvo, Margot; Shimabukuro Goto, Juan Carlos

    2016-01-01

    El presente plan de negocios tiene como objetivo evaluar la posibilidad de exportar espárragos congelados para lo cual se crearía la empresa Peruvian Frozen Food (PFF). El reto principal del presente proyecto es demostrar a los directores del Grupo Matta (GM), propiedad de la familia Matta Curotto, que el incursionar en la exportación de espárragos congelados será rentable y sostenible en el tiempo por sí sola, es decir, sin necesidad de apalancarse en el know how y reconocimiento internacion...

  1. Plan Estratégico para la implementación de un Centro de Servicios de Informática Forense

    OpenAIRE

    Appendino, Sergio; Aprile, Fredi; De Gallo, Herminia Beatriz

    2015-01-01

    El proceso de implementación de un centro de servicio profesional y científico supone la formulación de un plan estratégico que oriente la propuesta. La definición de la misión esencial, la visión que se persigue y los objetivos marcan las líneas a seguir en la transformación paulatina de la idea inicial en un hecho concreto. Elaborados estos componentes, se toman de base para definir un Plan de Acción que vuelque a la práctica la idea inicial, dando forma a una institución que cada día ti...

  2. Plan de marketing para la herramienta de inteligencia artificial Parlakuy

    OpenAIRE

    Farro Flores, César Augusto; Gonzales Gaspar, Juan Francisco

    2017-01-01

    Parlakuy es una empresa tecnológica en formación dedicada a utilizar herramientas de inteligencia artificial, específicamente machine learning, en las redes sociales. Tiene por objetivo ayudar a resolver las necesidades de las empresas y personas para que puedan entender a sus clientes en redes sociales, identificar temas importantes para su estudio y tomar acciones preventivas ante un suceso o acontecimiento en tiempo real. Para esto crea la herramienta Parlakuy, que tiene el mismo nombre...

  3. Plan de desarrollo estratégico para la compañía plásticos chempro: línea hogar

    OpenAIRE

    Coello Cazar, David; Plaza De La Rosa, Vanessa; Pastor Lopez, Bolivar

    2009-01-01

    El tema presentado es un Plan de Desarrollo Estratégico, también llamado Plan de Mercadeo que se realizó a una compañía que produce y comercializa productos plásticos en cuatro diferentes líneas de producción: Línea Hogar (con productos para la cocina, baño y limpieza), Línea Juguetería, Línea Avícola (comederos y bebederos par animales de granja, especialmente pollos) y Línea Industrial (casilleros de seguridad fabricados en plásticos). El estudio se enfocó exclusivamente a la línea Hoga...

  4. La "capacidad vial" del plan regulador chileno, ¿es lo suficientemente buena para dar forma a un entorno edificado sostenible?/ The "road capacity" of the chilean master plan is it good enough for shaping a sustainable built environment?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cárdenas Jirón, Luz Alicia

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available The "road capacity" of the Chilean Master Plan is a tool developed to measure the capacity of streets in terms of supporting the size of vehicle flow. This tool considers topics such as land use, population density and street width. The purpose of this technique is to incorporate it to the Master Plan, as a town planning instrument, so as to cope with traffic forecasting and congestion. However, the technique does not embrace any sustainability concept, this is due to a disregard of any district ´s social or environmental needs. Therefore a sustainable urban development would doubtfully be reached. It is argued that some other approaches are required for shaping a sustainable built environment in which it is understood that the streets are a public space for people rather than a platform for moving vehicles only. This means, to promote accessibility as well as mobility. In this paper the author reviews borrowed concepts such as "carrying capacity" and "environmental capacity" from bioregionalist and ecological disciplines using a case study in outskirts of Santiago´s metro area./La "capacidad vial" del Plan Regulador chileno es una herramienta desarrollada para medir la capacidad de las calles en términos de apoyar el tamaño del flujo de vehículos. Esta herramienta considera temas como el uso de la tierra, la densidad de población y ancho de la calle. El propósito de esta técnica es su incorporación al Plan Maestro, como un instrumento de planificación de la ciudad, con el fin de hacer frente a la previsión del tráfico y la congestión. Sin embargo, la técnica no incluye ningún concepto de sostenibilidad. Por lo tanto un desarrollo urbano sostenible dudosamente sería alcanzado. Se argumenta que algunos otros enfoques son necesarios para dar forma a un medio ambiente sostenible integrado, en el que se entiende que las calles son un espacio público para las personas en lugar de una plataforma para mover los vehículos solamente

  5. Modelo geoespacial automatizado para la regionalización operativa en planeación de redes de servicios de salud Automated geospatial model for health services strategic planning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Eugenio Hernández-Ávila

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo. Desarrollar un modelo automatizado de regionalización operativa para la planeación de las redes de servicios de salud propuestas en el Modelo Integrador de Atención a la Salud (MIDAS. Material y métodos. Con información disponible para México en 2005 y 2007 se realizó un modelo geoespacial para estimar el área potencial de influencia alrededor de cada unidad de atención médica, con base en el menor tiempo de viaje. Los resultados se compararon con un Estudio de Regionalización Operativa (ERO para Oaxaca llevado a cabo en 2005. Resultados. Comparado con el modelo geoespacial, el ERO asignó 48% de las localidades a centros de salud más lejanos y 23% de los centros de salud a hospitales más lejanos. Conclusiones. El modelo calculado en este estudio generó una regionalización más eficiente que el ERO de Oaxaca, minimizando el tiempo de viaje para el acceso a los servicios de salud. Este modelo ha sido adoptado por la Dirección General de Planeación y Desarrollo en Salud para la instrumentación del Plan Maestro Sectorial de Recursos para la Atención de la Salud.Objective. To develop an automated model for the operational regionalization needed in the planning of the health service networks proposed by the new Mexican health care model (Modelo Integrador de Servicios de Salud MIDAS. Material and Methods. Using available data for México during 2005 and 2007, a geospatial model was developed to estimate potential catchment areas around health facilities based on access travel time. The results were compared with an operational regionalization (ERO study manually carried out in Oaxaca with 2005 data. Results. The ERO assigned 48% of villages to health care centers further away than those assigned by the geospatial model, and 23% of these health centers referred patients to more distant hospitals. Conclusions. The model calculated by this study generated a more efficient regionalization than the ERO model, minimizing travel

  6. Plan de acciones para mejorar la calidad de vida de los usuarios que reciben los servicios de Educación Física para el adulto en el gimnasio de Cultura Física “Fidel Linares Rodríguez”. Ciudad, Pinar del Río

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rene Jesús Díaz Rodríguez

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo investigativo se aborda el proceso de un Plan de acciones para el mejoramiento de la calidad en los servicios que se desarrollan en el programa de educación física para adulto en el Gimnasio de Cultura Física “Fidel Linares Rodríguez” de la Ciudad de Pinar del Río. , la muestra fue dividida en sexos y grupos etéreos, los servicios que se desarrollan a través del Programa de Educación Física para Adultos en la organización deportiva básica y su Influencia en el accionar de la comunidad. Teniendo en cuenta métodos sociológicos estudiados realizamos una búsqueda de consenso a través de informantes claves por medio de encuestas a los clientes / usuarios que participan de los servicios que se prestan en el centro, para conocer su índice de satisfacción deseado, y el índice real que se ofertan, así como se realizó una valoración critica por parte de especialistas de la cultura física , con el propósito de valorar el plan de acciones que permita mejorar la calidad de vida de los usuarios. Dentro del método etnográfico aplicamos una guía de observación a los servicios que nos diera a conocer la realidad mediante la percepción directa del objeto de estudio. Realizamos un diagnostico a través de la Matriz DAFO al escenario de la investigación, y así realizar un plan de acciones que nos permitan mejorar la calidad de sus servicios, como aporte teórico se fundamenta un plan de acciones que permita modificar el modo de vida de los usuarios que reciben dichos servicios y como aporte práctico, la inserción de nuevos servicios para mejorar su calidad.

  7. Elementos para evaluar planes de estudio en la educación superior

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leda María Roldán Santamaría

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los lineamientos para generar una propuesta de evaluación curricular de un plan de estudios en el ámbito de la educación universitaria. Identifica la importancia que tiene este proceso para la institución con el fin de analizar las debilidades y fortalezas, con miras a la toma de decisiones para su actualización. En la propuesta se responde el por qué y para qué se debe evaluar; los beneficios que los usuarios recibirán de esa actualización; la concreción de elementos del plan de estudios por evaluar; la definición de las variables que se aplicarán en la evaluación de los elementos externos e internos. Se proponen cuáles son los sectores sociales que deben involucrarse en dicha evaluación; se analiza el momento adecuado para realizar la evaluación y cada cuanto debe aplicarse, se establece un plan estratégico para aplicar la evaluación y se presentan las sugerencias de los usos que se le pueda dar a la información recopilada con la evaluación. Evaluar un plan de estudios permite descubrir las necesidades de cambio de los planes de estudio; el establecimiento de los lineamientos para su actualización y el tiempo en que se debe cumplir con la misma para que el plan no pierda vigencia

  8. Plan de negocio para una empresa que alquila bombas sumergibles para el sector minero

    OpenAIRE

    Pérez León Corzo, Stepahnie Pamela

    2016-01-01

    El presente trabajo de investigación evalúa la viabilidad operativa y financiera para operar una pequeña empresa dedicada al alquiler de bombas sumergibles para la actividad de desagüe de medianas y pequeñas empresas del sector minero. Estructuralmente, la empresa estará constituida por la alta dirección conformada por tres socios quienes aportarán el 30% de la inversión inicial, el 70% restante se obtendrá mediante un financiamiento a mediano plazo con un banco local. La línea media estará c...

  9. Propuesta de plan de cuidados para pacientes con cirugía de reasignación sexual

    OpenAIRE

    Hernández Vergel, Lázaro Luís; Zequeira Betancourt, Dulce María

    2013-01-01

    Introducción: independientemente del nivel científicotécnico del médico que realiza la cirugía, de los recursos materiales de que se dispongan y de la tecnología de punta utilizada, no es posible una intervención quirúrgica exitosa sin la actuación de profesionales del cuidado competentes, con un profundo contenido humano y ético. Objetivo: proponer un plan de cuidados para pacientes con cirugía de reasignación sexual, integrando la teoría de las 14 necesidades básicas de Virginia Henderson y...

  10. Propuesta del plan maestro a nivel metropolitano para la mejora de la gestión de los residuos sólidos urbanos

    OpenAIRE

    Gil Sandoval, Héctor Antonio; Gil Sandoval, Héctor Antonio

    2003-01-01

    El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer el Plan Maestro a nivel Lima Metropolitana para la mejora de la gestión de los Residuos Sólidos Urbanos obteniéndose beneficios económicos, sociales y ambientales, para lo cual se desarrollan cinco capítulos y tres anexos. En el primer capítulo, se describe el planteamiento metodológico, definiéndose la realidad problemática, el problema principal y los problemas secundarios (falta de Planificación Estratégica en la Gestión de los Residuos Sólidos ...

  11. Implicações do plano de desenvolvimento da educação para a formação de professores Implicaciones del plan de desarrollo de la educación para la formación de profesores Implications of the development plan of education for teacher training

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gisele Masson

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available O artigo analisa as principais implicações do Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE para a formação de professores. A pesquisa utilizou fontes bibliográficas e documentais e foi fundamentada na concepção materialista histórica e dialética. A proposta para a formação de professores presente no PDE é neopragmatista, pois reforça a importância da busca de instrumentos úteis para as demandas imediatas da prática profissional e não contribui para o desenvolvimento de uma sólida e ampla formação. A prioridade dada à formação de professores como solução para os resultados negativos obtidos pelo Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb, em vez de um investimento financeiro adequado, revela a prioridade dada às condições subjetivas na resolução dos problemas educacionais.Este trabajo analiza las principales implicaciones del Plan de Desarrollo de la Educación (PDE, Brasil, para la formación continuada de profesores. La investigación utilizó fuentes bibliográficas y documentales y se basó en la concepción materialista histórica y dialéctica. La propuesta para la formación de profesores presente en el PDE es neopragmatista, pues corrobora la importancia de la búsqueda de instrumentos provechosos para las demandas inmediatas de la práctica profesional y no contribuye para el desarrollo de una sólida y amplia formación. La prioridad dada a la formación de profesores como solución de los resultados negativos del Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica (Ideb en vez de un inversión financiera adecuada pone de manifiesto la prioridad dada a las condiciones subjetivas en la solución de los problemas educacionales.This paper analyzes the main implications of the Development Plan of Education (DPE for teacher training. The research used bibliographic and documentary sources and was based on historical and dialectical materialism concepts. The teacher training education proposal presented by

  12. [Microbiological verification of a self control plan for a hospital food service].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Torre, I; Pennino, F; Crispino, M

    2006-01-01

    During the past years, it has been an increment of food related infectious diseases. In order to avoid micro biological food contamination, adherence to good manufacturing is required through control measures of food safety practices. Updated national and European regulations underline the need to apply the HACCP system, overcoming the old concept of sample control on the end user product. This work shows results of microbiological controls made along the whole productive chain. Measurements are made using biomolecular techniques (PFGE) in order to assess the management of the micro biological risk of the self control plan applied to a hospital food service of Naples. The use of the PFGE applied on some micro-organisms gram negative potentially pathogen, underlines the circulation, continued in time, of these micro-organisms within the cooking area. In addition, cross contamination between several matrixes of samples has been detected.

  13. Analysis of application of different approaches to secure safe drinking water

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pendić Zoran

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available In this analysis, the risk systems include the systems within which services sensitive to risk are executed. The complex service of population supply with safe drinking water is considered to be risky. Guidelines for drinking water quality of the World Health Organization (WHO recommends the use of effective preventive approaches to risk-based management of the safety and quality of drinking water. For example, Food Safety Law of the Republic of Serbia stipulates mandatory application of HACCP system in order to obtain safe drinking water. Different approaches to preventive risk-based management for the sake of the safety and quality of drinking water are applied nowadays. In this paper we consider the following approaches: Original Codex Alimentarius HACCP system and some of its modified versions; International standard ISO 22000: 2005 Food safety management systems - Requirements for any organization in the food chain; Water Safety Plan (WSP of the World Health Organization (WHO; Generalized HACCP system. All of these approaches are based, to a greater or lesser extent, on the original Codex Alimentarius HACCP system. The paper gives a situation analysis (SWOT analysis of considered approaches.

  14. Planejamento de ações para automação inteligente da manufatura Action planning for intelligent manufacturing automation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flavio Tonidandel

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo investiga o uso do sistema FAR-OFF na área da Automação da Manufatura. O sistema FAR-OFF possui característica similar aos sistemas de planejamento baseado em busca heurística, os quais têm apresentado excelentes resultados nos últimos anos na área de planejamento. Entretanto, em vez de ser um sistema generativo, o FAR-OFF é um sistema de planejamento baseado em casos que garante estabilidade para solucionar problemas em tempo aceitável. Os resultados apresentados pelo sistema no domínio de logística mostram que este é um sistema promissor para automação inteligente.This paper investigates the use of the FAR-OFF system in the Manufacturing Automation field. The FAR-OFF system has the feature of heuristic search based systems, which have been presenting excellent results over the last years in the planning area. However, instead of being a generative planning system, the FAR-OFF system is a case-based planner that can guarantee stability to solve problems in a reasonable amount of time. The results presented by its application in the logistic domain show that it is a promising system for intelligent automation.

  15. Evaluación del plan de seguridad informática diseñado para el Tecnológico de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí

    OpenAIRE

    del Pino Anchundia, Cesar Arturo

    2017-01-01

    Las medidas de seguridad informática diseñadas para usarse en las plataformas de comunicación de datos en la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de “Manabí” representan una de sus mayores vulnerabilidades ya que han sido insuficientes para poder mantener el sitio completamente seguro de ataques de negación de servicios y de acceso a los servidores de datos. Es por esta razón que se propone un plan de seguridad informática para mitigar las vulnerabilidades de la plataforma tecnológica mediante un es...

  16. Plan estratégico para Cemento Pacasmayo S.A.

    OpenAIRE

    Mayorca Castillo, Carolina; Miranda Mendoza, Alberto; Solano Arroyo, Luis Enrique; Tuesta Aguilar, Manuel Antonio

    2016-01-01

    xii, 119 h. : il. ; 30 cm Este documento constituye un planeamiento estratégico para la empresa Cementos Pascamayo, cubriendo el período 2016-2030. Se proyecta que al finalizar este plazo la empresa estará entre las tres primeras de América Latina, cubriendo el Perú y con presencia en otros países de la región. Para ello deberá ampliar su infraestructura, realizar aventuras conjuntas en mercados extranjeros y desarrollar nuevos productos, entre otros. Los objetivos de largo ...

  17. Un plan de acción para incrementar la incorporación de las embarazadas al programa de psicoprofilaxis con actividad física

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafaela Montero Lafargue

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available El artículo contiene un plan de acción para incrementar la incorporación de las embarazadas al programa de psicoprofilaxis con actividad física. Para darle solución al objetivo propuesto se utilizaron métodos de nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico, logrando el trabajo conjunto del equipo multidisciplinario de salud en la atención a embarazadas, permitiendo incrementar su articipación en la actividad física del programa de psicoprofilaxis.

  18. Irradiation of ready meals for microbiological safety and shelf-life ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Microbiological quality of waakye and other ready-to-eat meals. ... and 14 meals prepared under the hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) plan were ... sauce and vegetable salad, exceeded the microbiological standards for such ...

  19. Plan de márketing y de comunicación y diseño y desarrollo de imagen corporativa para nueva franquicia de cafetería

    OpenAIRE

    Escoda López, Jordi

    2017-01-01

    Este proyecto de final de grado, “Plan de Márketing y de Comunicación y Diseño y Desarrollo de Imagen Corporativa para nueva Franquicia de Cafetería” trata, por una parte, de la creación de una nueva idea de negocio de cafetería y, por otra, de la generación de todos los contenidos e imágenes necesarias para la comunicación de dicho negocio. Para ello, primeramente, se determina qué tipo de negocio se quiere desarrollar a lo largo del proyecto. Se realiza un estudio de la situación actual ...

  20. Aflatoxin status of some commercial dry dog foods in Ibadan, Nigeria

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ifeoluwa

    2012-06-28

    Jun 28, 2012 ... ISSN 1684-5315 ©2012 Academic Journals. Full Length Research ... commonly found in corn, peanuts, cottonseed, milk and tree nuts which are ..... Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan for each commodity; genetic breeding of ...

  1. Plan verde: un instrumento para la gestión y fomento de áreas verdes en el gran Santiago

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudio Nilo Orellana

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available La ciudad de Santiago, cuenta con una importante falencia de espacios verdes. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS recomienda que las ciudades tengan 9 metros cuadrados por habitante. Por su parte, el Plan de Prevención y Descontaminación para la Región Metropolitana (PPDA se ha propuesto como meta lograr que el área Metropolitana logre un promedio de 6 metros cuadrados por habitante.

  2. La forma urbana del medio ambiente construido: Hacia una propuesta de estructuración para el instrumento Plan Regulador Comunal. / The urban form of the built environment: towards a proposed structure for the instrument Communal Regulating Plan.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cárdenas Jirón, Luz Alicia

    2000-08-01

    Full Text Available La forma urbana del medio ambiente construido es el elemento central de este artículo, abordado desde dos perspectivas: en primer lugar la crítica de la forma urbana resultante de un instrumento de planificación y en segundo lugar una propuesta de estructuración de la forma urbana para el Plan Regulador Comunal. Con este objeto, se presenta un modelo cartográfico para entregar una pauta metodológica de los aspectos relevantes a la forma urbana que debieran tomarse en cuenta al momento de planificar y gestionar la ciudad. /The urban form of the built environment is the core element of this article. Two approaches have been developed to deal with it, firstly, a criticism of the urban form as a result of the town planning instrument and secondly a proposal to structure the urban form for Plan Regulador Comunal. Given that a cartographic model is showed as an example to deal with relevant issues in relation to the urban form. The model tries to give a methodological guide to the urban planners and managers.

  3. Uma ferramenta para planejamento de estudos para concursos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo Pimentel

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available De acordo com a constituição brasileira, a única forma de se tornar um empregado do governo é passar em um concurso público. O exame de conhecimento do cargo é um dos componentes mais importantes de um concurso. Estudar para esse exame é uma tarefa que requer planejamento. Um meio de obter um bom planejamento é construir uma grade de horários que relacione as matérias a serem estudadas com os respectivos horários disponíveis para o estudo. Esse tipo de problema se assemelha bastante à gerência de projetos, em que se procura estabelecer a distribuição das atividades ao longo do tempo disponível. Assim, torna-se interessante explorar a dinâmica de estudos para concursos como um projeto. O presente trabalho apresenta a ferramenta de apoio ao estudos - Passe-me, baseada no ciclo PDCA (do inglês, Plan-Do-Check-Act. Por se tratar de uma ferramenta web, o tempo de resposta para produzir uma grade de estudos é fundamental. A ferramenta faz uso de algoritmo genético para calcular a grade de horários priorizando a velocidade de resposta. A ferramenta foi avaliada em diferentes cenários de uso e obteve desempenho satisfatório durante a produção da grade de estudos.

  4. El plan estratégico de marketing

    OpenAIRE

    García, Yuri

    2007-01-01

    El Tema analizado en esta Monografía, es aplicado para desarrollar El Plan Estratégico de Marketing como una herramienta clave para alcanzar las metas de todo tipo de empresa o negocio, esta reflexión es ampliada en el capitulo 2, como una introducción previa al conocimiento del tema propuesto. Los principales objetivos que se plantearon al iniciar el desarrollo del tema fueron primeramente conceptualizar este Plan y los elementos que lo constituyen, las premisas para su determinación y el en...

  5. Paisajes para un desarrollo sustentable y participativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael Mata Olmo

    2014-11-01

    Para terminar, el texto recoge una experiencia de proyecto territorial de paisaje, la del Plan Insular de Menorca (Islas Baleares, España, aprobado en 2003. Se sintetizan sus determinaciones sobre la protección de determinados terrenos por sus altos valores paisajísticos, sus directrices para que las políticas sectoriales (turismo, agricultura, infraestructuras, etc. incorporen criterios paisajísticos, y sus iniciativas para la gestión y mejora del paisaje y para el fomento del acceso público a su contemplación y disfrute.

  6. Metodología para un proceso de planeación estratégica para las PYMES

    OpenAIRE

    Bonilla Zhindón, Daniela

    2014-01-01

    Todas las organizaciones, grandes, medianas, pequeñas, públicas y privadas, requieren de un plan estratégico estructurado para determinar las posiciones futuras en las que desean estar, por este motivo el propósito del presente estudio es construir una metodología transversal para el levantamiento de la planeación estratégica para el sector de calzado en la ciudad de Cuenca, mediante un análisis del estado en la que se encuentran las empresas en cuanto al proceso de planificación estratégica,...

  7. Diagnóstico y plan estratégico de TIC para la Empresa Municipal de Servicios de cementerio. Sala de Velaciones y Exequias Emuce-Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    Araneda Delgado, Ronnie Alejandro

    2010-01-01

    El trabajo de tesis Diagnóstico y Plan Estratégico de TIC para la Empresa Municipal de Servicios de Cementerio, Sala de Velaciones y Exequias, EMUCE - Cuenca se elaboró bajo dos componentes: Una investigación donde se plantea un marco teórico que da las pautas sobre la importancia y como elaborar una planeación estratégica de TIC; aquí se señala que las organizaciones deben ser competitivas y hacer las cosas diferentes a sus competidores para posesionarse apropiadamente en el mercado, y qu...

  8. Diagnostic et caractérisation microbiologique des procédés ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Cependant toutes les exigences des bonnes pratiques de fabrication et de suivi des lots ne sont pas systématiquement respectées comme la mise en place du plan HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) et un suivi sur le plan microbiologique des produits. Ainsi, l'objectif de ce travail est d'évaluer les diagrammes ...

  9. Plan de muestreo directo para Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae en cultivos comerciales de tomate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernal Liliana

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available

    Los daños ocasionados por Trialeurodes vaporariorum generan pérdidas económicas que disminuyen la producción y pueden contribuir en el alza de los precios del tomate. Para su control se acude a aplicaciones continuas de insecticidas, sin obtener resultados satisfactorios. Como alternativa de control se realizan liberaciones del parasitoide E. formosa. Sin embargo, el éxito de este sistema implica estimar la densidad de la plaga a través de un método de muestreo adecuado. Por ello, se estandarizó un plan de muestreo directo, económicamente viable, para ninfas de mosca blanca en un cultivo comercial de tomate bajo invernadero. Se determinó la incidencia de prácticas de manejo y de la fenología en la distribución espacial de ninfas. En términos generales, el muestreo se dividió en tres etapas: 1 muestreo totalmente aleatorio, entre las 5 y 7 semanas después de la siembra (sds, para plantas no divididas en tercios; 2 muestreo aleatorio, entre las 8 y 16 sds, los conteos se realizaron en hojas del tercio inferior; 3 muestreo bietápico: planta y hoja, entre las 17 y 24 sds, los conteos se efectuaron sobre hojas de los tercios medio y superior. Se encontró que prácticas culturales como el despunte influyeron en la distribución espacial de las ninfas. La implementación del muestreo directo generó un incremento en la producción del 0,06% y permitió estimar la densidad de ninfas de Trialeurodes vaporariorum en el cultivo (con precisiones de 5%, 10% y 25% como criterio para liberar E. formosa.

  10. Plan de negocio para comercializar la franquicia Frozyu Frozen yogurt en el sector urdesa de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

    OpenAIRE

    Asanza Guapacasa, Rosa Zulay; Saavedra Vargas, Dipson César

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo del plan de negocios es presentar el panorama de establecer la franquicia Frozyu Frozen Yogurt en la ciudad de Guayaquil sector Urdesa para que pueda ser analizado por inversoras y personas interesadas en adquirir la franquicia. Frozyu es una marca registrada enfocada a la elaboración de helado de yogurt natural sin grasa y nutritivo. This business plan’s objective is to present an overview about how to open a Frozyu Frozen Yogurt’s franchise in Guayaquil City – Urdesa area so ...

  11. Principales diferencias entre el Plan General de Contabilidad y el Plan General de Contabilidad Pública

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Pacheco, Gonzalo

    2016-01-01

    Este trabajo consistirá en un análisis entre los aspectos más significativos del Plan General de Contabilidad y Plan General de Contabilidad Pública, en el que se pondrán de manifiesto las principales diferencias en cada una de las partes en las que se estructuran ambos. Concretamente, marco conceptual, criterios de reconocimiento y valoración, cuentas anuales y cuadro de cuentas. Para ello, será fundamental conocer el fin que persiguen cada entidad, para posteriormente, interpretar y aplicar...

  12. Municipal hydraulic planning for energy saving; Planeacion hidraulica municipal para el ahorro de energia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Garcia Garcia, Enrique [PTF S.C. Consultores, Leon, Gto. (Mexico)

    1999-07-01

    The efficient handling of the economic and natural resources of the municipalities, is nowadays so much complex, that it requires a formal planning. In the public service of potable water supply, two fundamental approaches are conjugated to consider: the rational use of the water resource and the efficient use of the electrical energy, for its extraction from the underground deep reservoirs. In the paper that is presented, the individual features of the previous matters are described and the positive results in a municipality of the Guanajuato's Low Lands (Bajio ), where already the dual objectives are obtained and that with a more professional municipal hydraulic planning, these will be permanent, with the inherent benefit towards the population. [Spanish] El manejo eficiente de los recursos economicos y naturales de los municipios, es hoy en dia cada vez mas complejo, que requiere una planeacion formal. En el servicio publico de abastecimiento de agua potable, se conjugan dos enfoques primordiales a considerar: el uso racional del recurso agua y la utilizacion eficiente de la energia electrica, para su extraccion de los acuiferos subterraneos profundos. En el trabajo que se presenta, se describen las particularidades de lo anterior y los resultados positivos en un municipio del Bajio guanajuatense, donde ya se logran los objetivos duales y que con una planeacion hidraulica municipal mas profesional, estos seran permanentes, con el beneficio inherente hacia la poblacion.

  13. Plan de muestreo para la cuantificación de residuos sólidos residenciales generados en las zonas urbanas de ciudades de tamaño intermedio

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael A Klinger

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Se propone un plan de muestreo para ciudades de tamaño mediano, que inicia con un muestreo bietápico piloto que conduce a una estimación del tamaño de muestra cuando se utiliza un estimador de razón. En el muestreo bietápico se utiliza el lado de manzana como unidad primaria de muestreo seguida de las viviendas como unidades secundarias. A partir de un marco muestral conformado por lados de manzana, se selecciona la muestra de lados de manzana para satisfacer un error de muestreo máximo del 5% con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Dentro del lado de manzana se seleccionan las viviendas luego de identificar aquellas que son aptas para el estudio (aquellas viviendas que se usan como lugar de habitación exclusivamente. La identificación se realiza mediante una visita de sensibilización en la cual se construye un plano a mano alzada del lado, en el cual se identifican las viviendas aptas. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar el diseño del plan de muestreo y su ejecución y proponerlo como un método utilizable para determinar cantidad de generación de residuos sólidos de origen residencial en ciudades de tamaño similar en países en vías de desarrollo.

  14. Plan de marketing: Dougall’s

    OpenAIRE

    Cambero Yllera, Jaime

    2016-01-01

    RESUMEN: El presente Trabajo Fin de Grado supone un acercamiento al sector cervecero en España, y su objetivo fundamental es elaborar un Plan de Marketing para una empresa de cerveza en Liérganes, Cantabria; cerveza Dougall’s. El Plan de Marketing de la empresa estará enfocado a la creación de un nuevo producto, una cerveza de trigo. Para ello partiremos de cero, mostrando todos los pasos necesarios que conlleva el lanzamiento del producto, desde el comienzo de su elaboración en fabrica hasta...

  15. TrainerPlan : Tu plan de entrenamientos en tu móvil

    OpenAIRE

    López de Aberasturi Ortiz de Pinedo, Aitor

    2017-01-01

    TrainerPlan es una aplicación móvil desarrollada para terminales Android que permitirá la generación y consulta de planes de entrenamiento que podrán ser compartidos por diferentes usuarios. TrainerPlan és una aplicació mòbil desenvolupada per a terminals Android que permetrà la generació i consulta de plans d'entrenament que podran ser compartits per diferents usuaris. TrainerPlan is a mobile application developed for Android terminals that will allow the generation and consultation of...

  16. Elaboración de un plan de empresa para la puesta en marcha y posterior desarrollo de una empresa de radiodifusión en la comarca de L'Horta

    OpenAIRE

    GALLENT PÉREZ, JOSÉ MANUEL

    2013-01-01

    [ES] Elaborar un plan de empresa para presentarlo a inversores y socios para la puesta en marcha y posterior desarrollo de una empresa de medios a través de radio, ofreciendo el servicio de radio fórmula (música comercial) para las localidades de la comarca de L'Horta. Queremos ofrecer un servicio de entretenimiento a través de radio, orientándonos a un tipo de oyente con un perfil de edad joven y a los que les guste la música comercial que más suene en cada momento, principalmente del tip...

  17. Líneas actividades indicadores y metas estratégicas para el Plan de Mejoramiento Estratégico para el servicio de salud de la Institución Penitenciaria de Acacias

    OpenAIRE

    Rojas Gutiérrez, Dania Magnolia

    2013-01-01

    El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer un plan de de mejoramiento estratégico que permita optimizar el servicio de salud de la Institución Penitenciaria de Acacias. Para lograr este fin se hace un análisis del sector carcelario y penitenciario en Colombia con el fin de identificar la problemática que lo viene afectando en los últimos años, se establece un diagnostico en la Penitenciaria de Acacias con el fin de establecer la problemática que existe en la prestación de servicio...

  18. First Runway: Plan de Negocios para un nuevo concepto “Urban Chic” de ropa infantil en Oaxaca

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jesús Omar Silva Vega

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available En México, especialmente en la ciudad de Oaxaca, se necesitan proyectos rentables que generen nuevas fuentes de empleo, nuevos procesos de innovación y posicionamiento de marca en las empresas locales. El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de diseñar el plan de negocios para una tienda de ropa infantil en la ciudad de Oaxaca, a través de la creación de un nuevo concepto “Urban Chic” donde los padres de familia modelen el estilo de vestir de sus hijos, lo cual permitirá que la empresa pueda lograr un posicionamiento del establecimiento en el corto plazo, y su viabilidad financiera en el largo plazo.

  19. Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) in public catering services: a modified method, combined to bacteriologic assay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ferrari, P

    1992-01-01

    During 1990 and 1991 the Veterinary and Public Health Services of USL 35 of Ravenna carried out a research programme aimed at the control of food-borne diseases in the sector of public catering services, in collaboration with the Public Health Laboratory (Presidio Multizonale di Prevenzione). The objectives were: obtaining sure information about health hazards in public catering services; checking structural characteristics and equipment of workrooms in restaurants, hotels and refectories; verifying food preparation and preservation methods; promoting health education to increase employees' awareness of hygiene-related problems. The first objective, evaluation of the level of the control of the workrooms exerted on the food contamination hazard by pathogenic or potentially pathogenic organisms, was carried out by allotting specific scores to several characteristics of laboratories or workers' habits, as suggested by the "Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point" (HACCP) method for butcher's shops and fish markets. Five hundred ninety-eight public catering service units have been inspected in restaurants, hotels, school-refectories, factories, hospitals and social houses; 2,097 bacteriological examinations by agar-contact plates and swabs were carried out; 118 preserved-food temperatures were measured, especially in deep-frozen and cooked food; 70 food specimens were tested to search for Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus and measure Total Aerobic Mesophilic Weight. The presence of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli was also tested.

  20. Un ejemplo de plan temático para investigaciones operacionales aplicadas a la Atención Primaria de Salud

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Félix Rodríguez Jústiz

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Se expone el Plan Temático que el Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí" se propone para los próximos años y los grandes retos a enfrentar, así como la experiencia que ya acumulan sus profesionales como aval de éxito para estas intervenciones. El trabajo fundamenta la necesidad muy importante de continuar el perfeccionamiento de nuestro sistema de atención primaria de salud (APS. Se reconoce a nuestra APS como un modelo único en el mundo, y al mismo tiempo novedoso y complejo. Se plantea que la aplicación del enfoque epidemiológico a la APS puede ayudar mucho a mejorar la ejecución de los actores sociales que en ella intervienen, y por ende, mejorar el rendimiento del modelo en beneficio de la salud de la comunidad.The Thematic Plan proposed by "Pedro Kouri" Institute of Tropical Medicine for the next years, as well as the great challenges to be faced are explained in this paper. Emphasis is made on the experience accumulated by its professionals as a guarantee for the success of these interventions. The paper establishes that it is very necessary to continue improving our primary health care (PHC system, which is recognized as a novel, complex and unique model in the world. It is stated that the application of the epidemiological approach to PHC may help to enhance the performance of the social actors that take part in it, and to make better the efficiency of the model for the benefit of community health.

  1. Plan de marketing estratégico para promocionar y comercializar la pitahaya producida por la compañía "San Vicente S.A." en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

    OpenAIRE

    Apráez Orellana, Dennise Alexandra; Proaño Martínez, Ivet Gabriela

    2015-01-01

    La presente investigación pretende crear un plan de marketing estratégico para promocionar y comercializar la Pitahaya en los supermercados y así mismo comprobar que este proyecto es factible basado en los resultados de rentabilidad del mismo. The current investigation pretends to create a strategic marketing plan to promote and commercialize the Pitahaya in the supermarkets and also prove that this project is viable based in the results of profitability.

  2. 9 CFR 417.5 - Records.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION ACT AND THE POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT HAZARD ANALYSIS AND... records documenting the establishment's HACCP plan: (1) The written hazard analysis prescribed in § 417.2...

  3. Plan de Empresa, CookingPoint

    OpenAIRE

    Viana Nogués, Roger; Fors Muria, Rafel

    2008-01-01

    Para dar respuesta a las exigencias de la vida contemporánea y los planteamientos futuros del consumo alimenticio fuera del hogar, presentamos la idea de negocio objeto del presente Plan de Empresa. Estudiar la viabilidad de poner en funcionamiento una instalación industrial con la finalidad de producir y distribuir alimentos frescos mínimamente procesados (de IV Gama) y alimentos precocinados (de V Gama) para dar servicio a dos establecimientos propios de comida para llevar y ...

  4. Aplicación del sistema HACCP y su influencia en la elaboración de la conserva de olluco por estudiantes del noveno ciclo de ingeniería de alimentos de la Universidad Nacional del Callao

    OpenAIRE

    Bailón Neira, Rodolfo César

    2013-01-01

    El propósito del estudio fue determinar la influencia de la aplicación del sistema HACCP en la elaboración de la conserva de olluco por estudiantes del noveno ciclo de. Ingeniería de Alimentos de la Universidad Nacional del Callao. El diseño de investigación fue cuasiexperimental con un grupo de control. En esta investigación participaron 30 estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería de Alimentos como grupo experimental, y 30 estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Indust...

  5. Plan de Auditoría informática para el Grupo El Comercio C.A. con aplicación de la metodología COBIT 4.1

    OpenAIRE

    Bastidas Fierro, Carmen Alezandra

    2014-01-01

    This paper titling called: Plan Audit Computing Group Trade CA, with application of the COBIT 4.1 methodology seeks an audit departments Drafting and Technology using COBIT El presente trabajo de titulación denominado: Plan de Auditoría Informática para Grupo El Comercio C.A., con aplicación de la metodología COBIT 4.1 tiene por objeto realizar una auditoría en los departamentos de Redacción y Tecnología usando COBIT

  6. Plan de negocio para la implementación de un restaurante pizzería Fusión Ítalo-Andina

    OpenAIRE

    Díaz Rozas, Daniela; Merino Castro, Eliana Patricia; Salas Hidalgo, Guillermo

    2015-01-01

    El crecimiento gastronómico registrado durante los últimos años, la designación de restaurantes peruanos entre los mejores restaurantes del mundo y el hecho de que Perú sea considerado como el cuarto país emergente del mundo para invertir, ha generado que el sector hoteles y restaurantes desarrolle nuevos productos y servicios, cumpliendo con los estándares de calidad internacional. En este contexto, se desarrolló el presente plan de negocios con el objetivo de evaluar la implementación de...

  7. Plan estratégico para McDonald's Perú : gestión de una cadena de suministros sostenible 2008-2010

    OpenAIRE

    Delgado Baca, Edwin; Flores Morante, Grace Milagros; Ninahuanca Ortiz, Sandra Cecilia

    2016-01-01

    El trabajo de investigación plantea el desarrollo de un Plan Estratégico para McDonald’s Perú, en base al caso de McDonald’s Corporation: gestión de una cadena de suministros sostenible. McDonald’s Corporation es una empresa multinacional dedicada a la venta de comida rápida que cuenta con franquiciados y operadores directos. Una de sus franquicias más grande es Operaciones Arcos Dorados (con sede en Argentina) que comprende, entre otras divisiones, en la parte sur de Latinoamérica a la di...

  8. Propuesta de un plan de mantenimiento para maquinaria pesada de la Empresa Minera Dynasty Mining del cantón Portovelo

    OpenAIRE

    Maldonado Villavicencio, Herman Manuel; Sigüenza Maldonado, Luis Alfredo

    2012-01-01

    El presente trabajo de investigación está orientado en la elaboración de una "Propuesta de un plan de mantenimiento para maquinaria pesada de la empresa minera Dynasty Mining del cantón Portovelo". El cual está dividido en 5 capítulos, los mismos que estarán subdivididos de tal manera que sean entendidos por las personas que vayan a poner en práctica el programa de mantenimiento propuesto. El primer capítulo trata sobre la introducción al mantenimiento, sus conceptos, su importancia y como...

  9. Propuesta de un plan estratégico de mercadeo para la marca de vehículos Ford en Costa Rica

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Arguedas, Ronald; Solís Arce, Rita

    2003-01-01

    Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. Maestría Profesional en Administración y Dirección de Empresas con énfasis en Mercadeo y Ventas Se propone un plan estratégico de mercadeo para la empresa Nacional Automotriz (NASA), distribuidor exclusivo de las líneas de vehículos Ford en Costa Rica, mediante una evaluación de las actuales estrategias aplicadas por la empresa y del mercado nacional automotriz, que permita a NASA aumentar su competitividad, inc...

  10. Elaboración de un Plan de Gestión Ambiental para el Parque Nacional Morrocoy, Venezuela

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aramis Latchinian

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Ante la dificultad para prevenir los impactos ambientales sobre ecosistemas costeros se propone un método que centra los esfuerzos de evaluación y gestión en sus causas. Las causas de los impactos, llamadas aspectos ambientales (efluentes líquidos, residuos sólidos, emisiones atmosféricas, pueden predecirse, medirse y evaluarse con precisión y con un enfoque preventivo. Se desarrolló un procedimiento que consiste en identificar los Aspectos Ambientales y contrastarlos con una serie de criterios independientes (límites legales, sensibilidad del medio, riesgos. Se aplicó el método en ecosistemas costeros del Parque Nacional Morrocoy, con énfasis en el arrecife, para evaluar los impactos (degradación del arrecife y sus causas (aspectos ambientales proponiendo un Plan de Gestión Ambiental que minimice dichos aspectos ambientales y consecuentemente mitigue los impactos continuos sobre el arrecife. Por lo que se concluye que la gestión de los aspectos ambientales en las zonas costeras es una forma eficaz de prevenir los impactos ambientales, y en particular la degradación del arrecife, independientemente de los efectos ambientales globales, sobre los que los actores locales no tienen control.

  11. Plan de empresas y estudio de viabilidad de una administración de fincas

    OpenAIRE

    Torrijos Pérez, Andrea

    2017-01-01

    Para cualquier tipo de negocio, hay que tener siempre presente el significado del término "plan de empresa". Este término se considera como una herramienta fundamental ya que es el primer paso que tiene que dar el empresario para crear cualquier empresa. Dentro del plan de empresa es necesario abordar el plan de viabilidad de la misma, que indicará si la empresa será capaz de permanecer con el paso del tiempo. Para poder realizar el plan de empresa de forma ágil es posible utilizar aplicacion...

  12. DEL EDITOR. ¿CÓMO SE PREPARA EL VALLE DE ABURRÁ PARA ENFRENTAR EL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO? PROPUESTAS DESDE EL PLAN BIO 2030

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nora Cadavid

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available La planifi cación urbana de largo plazo debe incluir necesariamente estrategias para enfrentar las nuevas condiciones que el cambio climático generaría, con períodos de lluvia y sequía más intensos y prolongados. De la misma manera, es necesario adoptar medidas para reducir las emisiones de gases con efecto invernadero derivados de la dinámica urbana. El siguiente artículo describe las estrategias que el plan BIO 2030 propone para mitigar el impacto del Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá sobre el cambio climático global, y al mismo tiempo, adaptarse a las posibles nuevas condiciones de precipitación en el ámbito regional y local. El texto describe propuestas sobre diversos temas, tales como el abastecimiento hídrico, el drenaje urbano sostenible, el fortalecimiento de las funciones ambientales del espacio público, el incremento de la oferta de áreas protegidas urbanas y periurbanas, el mejor tratamiento de los residuos, así como medidas para el mejoramiento de la efi ciencia energética relacionadas con una movilidad más limpia y una distribución de actividades urbanas mejor articulada con la infraestructura de transporte.

  13. Planning model for the expansion of the electrical generation system with risk demarcation criteria; Modelo para la planificacion de la expansion del sistema electrico de generacion con criterios de acotamiento de riesgo

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hernandez Galicia, Julio Alberto; Nieva Gomez, Rolando [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2009-07-01

    The general characteristics of a planning model for the electrical generation system expansion with risk demarcation criteria, as well as the main results of a representative study case of the Mexican Electrical System is presented. The model is based on a methodology of multiannual optimization for the generation expansion plans determination. In this context, every expansion plan defines the technology type to be installed, as well as the installation year, unit size and its location within a regional electric network. For this purpose, the model considers an interregional representation of the system identifying the necessary reinforcements to the capacity of the interregional connections. It also incorporates a Demarcation of Risk module that considers the uncertainty of the future scenarios of fuels prices to generate a set of expansion plans, among which includes the following: a) For every future of the fuel prices: the plan that diminishes the present value of the total cost (investment plus production). b) The plan that diminishes the economic risk derived from the uncertainty in the future of the fuel prices. c) A subgroup of expansion plans that are located in the efficient borders of decision, under the context of three criteria of interest: the economic risk, the investment cost of and the total cost in the future considered of greater relevance. [Spanish] Se presentan las caracteristicas generales de un modelo de planificacion de la expansion del sistema electrico de generacion con criterios de acotamiento de riesgo, asi como los principales resultados de un caso de estudio representativo del Sistema Electrico Mexicano. El modelo se basa en una metodologia de optimacion multi-anual para la determinacion de planes de expansion de la generacion. En este contexto, cada plan de expansion define el tipo de tecnologia que debera instalarse, asi como el ano de instalacion, el tamano de la unidad y su localizacion dentro de una red electrica regional. Para

  14. 77 FR 24671 - Compliance Guide for Residue Prevention and Agency Testing Policy for Residues

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-04-25

    ... Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) inspection system, another important component of the NRP is to provide verification of residue control in HACCP systems. As part of the HACCP regulation... guide, and FSIS finds violative residues, the establishment's HACCP system may be inadequate under 9 CFR...

  15. 9 CFR 417.2 - Hazard Analysis and HACCP Plan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE FEDERAL MEAT INSPECTION ACT AND THE POULTRY PRODUCTS INSPECTION ACT HAZARD...) Decomposition; (viii) Parasites; (ix) Unapproved use of direct or indirect food or color additives; and (x... accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, including products in the following processing categories: (i...

  16. 9 CFR 417.8 - Agency verification.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ....8 Animals and Animal Products FOOD SAFETY AND INSPECTION SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE... ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS § 417.8 Agency verification. FSIS will verify the... plan or system; (f) Direct observation or measurement at a CCP; (g) Sample collection and analysis to...

  17. Microbiological sampling plan based on risk classification to verify supplier selection and production of served meals in food service operation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lahou, Evy; Jacxsens, Liesbeth; Van Landeghem, Filip; Uyttendaele, Mieke

    2014-08-01

    Food service operations are confronted with a diverse range of raw materials and served meals. The implementation of a microbial sampling plan in the framework of verification of suppliers and their own production process (functionality of their prerequisite and HACCP program), demands selection of food products and sampling frequencies. However, these are often selected without a well described scientifically underpinned sampling plan. Therefore, an approach on how to set-up a focused sampling plan, enabled by a microbial risk categorization of food products, for both incoming raw materials and meals served to the consumers is presented. The sampling plan was implemented as a case study during a one-year period in an institutional food service operation to test the feasibility of the chosen approach. This resulted in 123 samples of raw materials and 87 samples of meal servings (focused on high risk categorized food products) which were analyzed for spoilage bacteria, hygiene indicators and food borne pathogens. Although sampling plans are intrinsically limited in assessing the quality and safety of sampled foods, it was shown to be useful to reveal major non-compliances and opportunities to improve the food safety management system in place. Points of attention deduced in the case study were control of Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat spread and raw fish as well as overall microbial quality of served sandwiches and salads. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Penggenapan Progresif Misi Allah Dalam Kisah Para Rasul 1:8

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Heryanto David Lie

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Kisah Para Rasul 1:8 merupakan suatu master plan misi Allah yang Kristus amanatkan kepada para murid. Melalui pertolongan dan kuasa Roh Kudus yang telah dicurahkan para peristiwa Pentakosta, seluruh master plan misi Allah tersebut tergenapi secara progresif. Itulah yang hendak Lukas perlihatkan melalui kitabnya yang kedua, Kisah Para Rasul. Kebenaran ini menjadi landasan pemahaman teologis bahwa bermisi adalah melaksanakan master plan misi Allah. Kisah Para Rasul 1:8 juga mengingatkan bahwa menjadi saksi Kristus merupakan panggilan bagi semua orang percaya tanpa terkecuali. Atas dasar kebenaran ini, maka tidak ada alasan bagi orang percaya untuk tidak bermisi atau bersaksi bagi Kristus. Bahkan kebenaran ini mengingatkan bahwa bermisi bukan tergantung kepada hebatnya program tetapi seberapa efektif program-program tersebut dalam memperkenalkan Kristus. Kisah Para Rasul mem-berikan suatu dasar kebenaran bahwa pelayanan misi yang dilakukan gereja-gereja sekarang sesungguhnya merupakan kelanjutan dari fase “ujung bumi.” Misi yang dilakukan oleh gereja-gereja masa kini adalah bagian dari fase memperkenalkan Kristus sampai ke seluruh permukaan bumi secara geografis hingga Kristus kembali untuk kedua kalinya pada akhir zaman.Acts 1: 8 is a master plan for the mission of God which Christ gave as a mandate to the disciples. Through the help and power of the Holy Spirit that was poured out at the events of Pentecost, the entire master plan of the mission of God is fulfilled progressively. That’s what Luke wants to show through his second book, Acts. This truth is the foundation of the theological understanding that missions is carrying out the master plan of God. Acts 1: 8 is also a reminder that becoming a witness of Christ is a call to all believers without exception. On the basis of this truth, then there is no reason for believers not to do missions or witness for Christ. Moreover, this truth is a reminder that doing missions is not dependanton

  19. Metodología para elaborar el Plan Maestro de Validación de los procesos de producción del Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria Methodology to design the Master Plan of Validation of production processes of National Center of Agricultural Health

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nivian Montes de Oca

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available La metodología para la elaboración del Plan Maestro de Validación de los procesos de producción del Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, se diseñó a partir de los requisitos contenidos en la Regulación 16 del 2006 de Buenas Prácticas de Fabricación de medicamentos. Abarcó la política de la organización para la actividad de validación su estructura organizativa, las instalaciones, sistemas, equipos y procesos que se deben validar; el formato de la documentación a utilizar; la planificación y calendario de cada actividad; los resultados de cada protocolo ejecutado, el control de los cambios que se generan; un resumen de las validaciones anteriores; cumplimiento del plan propuesto; las conclusiones donde se precisan de forma resumida si los procesos validados están bajo control, los resultados más relevantes, así como las acciones correctivas y preventivas a tomar; por último se define la distribución de toda la información generada, conformando así el Plan Maestro de Validación. Este sistema de validación se muestra a través de procedimientos, protocolos y registros aplicados en el proceso de fabricación de Surfacen®, medicamento para uso humano que se fabrica en el Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria.The methodology to design the Validation Master Plan the production processes of National Center of Agricultural Health was created from the requirements present in the Regulation 16, 2006 of Good Practices of drugs manufacture including the organization policy for validation activity of its organizing structure, installations, systems, equipments and processes to be validated, documentation format used, planning and calendar of each activity; the results from each protocol performed, the generating changes control, abstract of prior validations, fulfillment of proposed plan, conclusions where are determined in a summarized way if the validated processes are under control, the more relevant results, as well as how

  20. Plan estratégico de marketing para fidelizar y captar nuevos clientes de la compañía Globalatlasport Cía. Ltda. "Shoes Alvarito" en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

    OpenAIRE

    Sernaqué Sánchez, María Leonor; López Sigüenza, Diana Teresa

    2015-01-01

    Como parte inicial del proyecto, se ha considerado realizar un estudio de mercado de calzados sobre el mecanismo de la venta directa, posteriormente, se efectuó un análisis situacional a nivel de la ciudad de Guayaquil, a fin de conocer los gustos y preferencia de los nuevos clientes para mejorar e incrementar las ventas de la empresa. Con el plan de marketing se determinaron las necesidades del mercado demandante para poder establecer si hubo mejoras con respecto a la implementación de la...

  1. Comportamiento y estabilidad del fondo de un plan de pensiones contributivo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García González, Ana

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de la estabilidad del fondo de un plan de pensiones de tipo contributivo promovido por una empresa a favor de sus trabajadores y en el que realizan contribuciones tanto el promotor como los partícipes del plan. Para el cálculo de las funciones asociadas al modelo representativo del plan de pensiones, utilizamos el Método Actuarial del Crédito Unitario. Definidas las variables del modelo, determinamos la evolución del fondo del plan. Para ello analizamos la estabilidad del fondo de pensiones, así como su sensibilidad ante pequeñas variaciones en algunos de los parámetros más significativos del modelo. Con este estudio, se pretende analizar las características inherentes al fondo de un plan de pensiones de tipo contributivo, con el fin de que el actuario o el gestor financiero del plan pueda considerar durante todo el horizonte temporal en el cuál el plan es operativo, las repercusiones que el nivel alcanzado por el fondo tiene respecto de la solvencia del plan para garantizar las prestaciones contraídas con sus beneficiarios

  2. Plan de negocio para la creación de empresa “E!- Wellness”

    OpenAIRE

    Betancourt Peláez, Sandra Milena; Guayacán Rincón, Ginna Paola; Villalba Mayorga, Marilen

    2013-01-01

    Estudio de viabilidad para la creación y puesta en marcha de la empresa E!- WELLNESS; organización que tiene como objetivo principal, prestar y ofrecer alternativas únicas y novedosas en el entorno de Bienestar Laboral Empresarial, combinando las últimas tendencias en actividades de bienestar y pausas activas para los empleados y toda una plataforma dinámica e interactiva provista por las consolas de Video Juegos y las Pantallas Led de alta resolución. Para las empresas, es un espacio pro...

  3. Plan de negocio para la creación de una casa rural casitas El Teu-Llar en la isla de Lanzarote

    OpenAIRE

    GONZALEZ JARA, MARIA CRISTINA

    2014-01-01

    [ES] El presente trabajo final de carrera tiene por objeto la realización de un plan de negocio para implantar una empresa dedicada al alojamiento rural en el municipio de Haría (Lanzarote). El nombre comercial de la misma será Casitas el Teu-Llar queriendo hacer presente en el nombre tanto la procedencia de la propietaria (Valencia) como el lema de la empresa que es sentirse en casa. Los servicios que proporcionará estarán divididos en tres líneas de negocio (alojamiento, restauración y ...

  4. Plan de mercadeo para tus competencias Ltda., una empresa de servicios técnicos asociados a las normas y sistemas de gestión

    OpenAIRE

    Triana Arias , Diana Marcela

    2016-01-01

    Este documento contiene el plan de mercadeo para posicionar a “Tus Competencias” como la mejor opción en normas y sistemas de gestión en el sector comercio de Cali y Yumbo; aumentar la base de clientes en un 100% en el primer año de ejecución y lograr un nivel de ventas por encima de los 50 millones de pesos. Como parte del plan, se realizó un análisis de las 5C en las cuales se encontró que la empresa debía enfocarse en servicios de formación, asesoría y auditoría de calidad, medio ambien...

  5. Sampling plan for the analysis of aflatoxin in peanuts and corn: an update Sistema de amostragem para análise de aflatoxinas em amendoim e milho: uma atualização

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Homero Fonseca

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this paper was to update the sampling plan for analysis of mycotoxins in grains, formerly published by the author. The proposed alterations were based on the acquired experience on its application and on FAO recommendations. This update restricts the scope of the former plan and establishes a sampling plan for analysis of aflatoxin in peanuts and corn, by means of modified formulas, the minimum number of sacks or points (when in bulk from which incremental samples should be drawn to make a bulk sample. Fractional exponents (square roots of the formulas proportionally decrease the number of sacks/points to be sampled as the lot size increases. Operating Characteristic (OC curves developed for in-shell and shelled peanuts and corn as well as trend curves of the coefficient variation for different sample sizes (weights are presented.O objetivo deste trabalho foi atualizar a metodologia de amostragem para análise de micotoxinas em grãos, anteriormente publicada pelo autor. As alterações propostas tiveram por base a experiência adquirida na sua utilização e em recomendações da FAO. Esta atualização restringe a aplicação do método anterior e estabelece um plano de amostragem para análise de aflatoxina em amendoim e em milho por meio de fórmulas modificadas, o mínimo de sacos ou pontos (quando a granel dos quais devem ser retiradas amostras incrementais para constituir uma amostra. Expoentes fracionários (raiz quadrada das fórmulas diminuem proporcionalmente o número de sacos/pontos a serem amostrados, à medida que o lote aumenta de tamanho. Curvas de operação característica (OC desenvolvidas para amendoim em casca e descascado e milho, bem como curvas de tendência dos coeficientes de variação, para diferentes tamanhos de amostra (peso, são apresentadas.

  6. Las unidades de planificación y gestión territorial como directriz para la zonificación urbana (planning units and land management as guidelines for urban zoning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ernesto Villegas Rodríguez

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El presente artículo, derivado de investigación, presenta el marco conceptual y metodológico resultados del estudio de las Unidades de Planificación Territorial y de Gestión como Instrumento Operativo para la toma de Decisiones Urbano Rural, los POTs y PDM, instrumentos de planteamiento en el corto, mediano y largo plazo, en este orden la zonificación del territorio se convierte en la alternativa para plantear y fortalecer las Unidades de Gestión y Planificación Territorial donde se debe fortalecer la institucionalidad a partir de la incorporación de los actores y sectores público, privado y sociedad civil. ABSTRACT: This current article, derived from a piece of research, introduces in the theoretical and methodological frameworks, the results of a study of the Land Planning Units and of Management as an Operational Instrument for the Rural-Urban decisionmaking, the Territorial Ordering Plan –TOP– and Municipal Development Plan – MDP–, instruments of approach in the short, medium and long terms; in this order, the zoning of the territory becomes an alternative to raise and to strengthen the Management Units and the Territorial Planning, where the institutional framework must be consolidated from the incorporation of public, private actors and sectors, and the civil society.

  7. Implementación de un plan de gestión para la Seguridad Industrial y Salud Ocupacional de la Empresa de Cocinas y Hornos FACOPA de la ciudad de Cuenca

    OpenAIRE

    Escobar Torres, Jhon Javier

    2016-01-01

    El proyecto de titulación consiste en implementar y organizar un plan de seguridad industrial y salud ocupacional en la empresa "FACOPA", haciendo un previo diagnóstico del estado de protección física que poseen los empleados, teniendo como finalidad disminuir los accidentes laborales y paras productivas, de acuerdo a las normativas ecuatorianas y extranjeras. The titling project consists of implementing and organizing an industrial safety and occupational health plan for the company "FACO...

  8. Procesos para una Astronomía que le aporte a Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Duque Escobar, Gonzalo

    2011-01-01

    Se ha validado el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Tecnológico en Astronomía 2011-2030, para el Plan Estratégico 2009-2012 de la Comisión Colombiana del Espacio CCE, por el Grupo de Astronáutica, Astronomía y Medicina Aeroespacial. Esperamos que el grupo de astrónomos convocado, responsable de la investigación centrado en procesos científicos existentes y no en distractores, pueda señalar las acciones pertinentes e identificar los recursos necesarios, para hacer viable un desarrollo científico y t...

  9. Contextualization of Brazilian energy policy: SALTE Plan to Brasil para todos plan; Contextualizacao da politica energetica brasileira: do Plano SALTE ao Plano Brasil para Todos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Longo, Riolando; Bermann, Celio [Universidade de Sao Paulo (IEE/USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Programa de Pos-graduacao em Energia

    2010-07-01

    Brazil has accumulated a significant experience in governmental planning from 1940 onwards. Since the first attempts after the Second World War, the country has tried to create and implement several governmental plans, starting with the SALTE (In Portuguese SALTE is the acronym of Health, Food, Transport and Energy) Plan in 1947 and continuing with various other plans until current days. Throughout the last six decades, Brazil has undertaken diverse attempts to plan and better organize the process of national economic development. This work presents a historical evaluation of the public politics implemented in the sectors - Energy and Industrial - to verify the existence of a correlation and dependence between them, from the second half of the twentieth century until today. Brazil has become more mature from the industrial point of view and has managed to progress in technology throughout these plans. However, despite some isolated sector progress, Brazilian society has remained imbalanced and the lower-class continued to suffer from inequality in education, health and living standards. Due to political changes, the evolution of energy demand and industrial consumption expansion, this study analyses in the period mentioned above, the historical behavior; the economic, industrial and energy trends of the country. (author)

  10. PLAN DE EMPRESA PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UN ALBERGUE DE MONTAÑA EN LA POBLACIÓN OSCENSE DE TORLA

    OpenAIRE

    LEZA INFANTE, DANIEL

    2014-01-01

    [ES] El presente Trabajo de Final de Carrera (TFC) tiene por objeto la elaboración de un plan de empresa para la creación de un albergue de montaña en la provincia de Huesca, más concretamente en la población de Torla. Se trata de uno de los enclaves más significativos de la comarca del Sobrarbe, dada su ubicación como puerta de acceso al valle de Ordesa, perteneciente al Parque Nacional de Ordesa y Monte Perdido, y de Bujaruelo. La idea es unificar la paz, el silencio y el relax con la ac...

  11. Plan estratégico de marketing para incrementar el posicionamiento dentro de los clientes de la empresa Filicréditos

    OpenAIRE

    Almeida Coba, Christian David

    2014-01-01

    La elaboración de la investigación tiene como fin diseñar un plan estratégico de marketing para incrementar el posicionamiento de la empresa Filicréditos en el mercado en el cual se desenvuelve, fue constituida en 1976 y se encuentra ubicada en la ciudad de Quito, específicamente en la intersección de las calles Bolívar y García Moreno en el Centro Histórico del Distrito Metropolitano. El negocio de Filicréditos gira en torno a la comercialización de productos de las diferentes líneas de Elec...

  12. A model national emergency plan for radiological accidents; Plan modelo nacional de respuesta de emergencia para accidentes radiologicos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2000-07-01

    The IAEA has supported several projects for the development of a national response plan for radiological emergencies. As a result, the IAEA has developed a model National Emergency Response Plan for Radiological Accidents (RAD PLAN), particularly for countries that have no nuclear power plants. This plan can be adapted for use by countries interested in developing their own national radiological emergency response plan, and the IAEA will supply the latest version of the RAD PLAN on computer diskette upon request.

  13. Development and Pilot Testing of a Food Safety Curriculum for Managers and Staff of Residential Childcare Institutions (RCCIs)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pivarnik, Lori F.; Patnoad, Martha S.; Nyachuba, David; McLandsborough, Lynne; Couto, Stephen; Hagan, Elsina E.; Breau, Marti

    2013-01-01

    Food safety training materials, targeted for residential childcare institution (RCCI) staff of facilities of 20 residents or less, were developed, piloted, and evaluated. The goal was to assist in the implementation of a Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP)-based food safety plan as required by Food and Nutrition Service/United States…

  14. Plan comunicacional para incrementar las ventas y participación de mercado de la empresa ALVESA, ubicada en la ciudad de Santo Domingo, provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas.

    OpenAIRE

    Alvarado Muñoz, Héctor Patricio

    2017-01-01

    Se elaboró un Plan Comunicacional para incrementar las ventas y la participación en el mercado de los productos que distribuye la empresa ALVESA, ubicada de la ciudad de Santo Domingo, provincia Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Se realizó un profundo análisis sobre la situación actual de la empresa para identificar los problemas que afectan los factores antes mencionados, determinándose así que no existe un proceso comunicacional adecuado que posibilite el fortalecimiento de la...

  15. Proyecto Estación Experimental Finca El Paraíso

    OpenAIRE

    Polliotto, Gabriela; Galíndez, Fernando; Lanusse, Mateo

    2012-01-01

    p. 27-31 El presente Proyecto desarrolla el diseño de un edificio destinado a estación experimental en Finca El Paraíso, ubicada en el departamento de Rivadavia Banda Norte, propiedad de la Universidad Católica de Salta. En el marco de la formulación de un plan de manejo sostenido para dicha finca, el edificio mencionado estará destinado a desarrollar las actividades necesarias para la gestión sostenible de la Finca, como así también para la realización de investigación, formación y extens...

  16. Planeamiento estratégico para la Provincia de Lamas

    OpenAIRE

    Ichpas Adauto, Heber; Regalado Gutiérrez, Diego; Cuéllar Vanegas, Lina; Sánchez Andrés, Sandro

    2017-01-01

    El presente estudio tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de un plan estratégico para la provincia de Lamas con una visión hacia el año 2030, donde se presentan las estrategias y objetivos necesarios para incrementar su nivel de competitividad, dando valor al recurso humano, y tomando como pilares de su desarrollo a la educación, la salud y la reformulación de sus principales actividades económicas para incrementar su capacidad de generación de riqueza mediante su actuación sobre t...

  17. Remedial teaching in Indian under-resourced communities: Professional development of para-teachers

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Raval, Harini; McKenney, Susan; Pieters, Julius Marie

    2014-01-01

    This paper presents a summative evaluation of a professional development program for para-teachers within an Indian NGO. The program aimed to support para-teachers in well-structured learner-centered enactment by introducing planning and reflection of daily lessons. The study investigated lesson

  18. PLAN DE GESTIÓN DE LA CALIDAD DEL SERVICIO EN ATENCIÓN AL CLIENTE PARA LA ESPAM MFL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wladimir Alexander Palacios Zurita

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available En los últimos años ha ganado espacio en la gestión institucional, el concepto operativo de la calidad de servicio en cuanto a brindar una atención óptima al usuario, de un determinado producto o servicio. La literatura revisada indica que son pocos los avances logrados en esta materia y, específicamente, en el sector universitario. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis situacional a la gestión del servicio de las siete carreras que conforman la Politécnica de Manabí, a través de una matriz de diagnóstico que detecta la presencia de requisitos básicos preestablecidos, en la normativa técnica nacional e internacional. Mediante la investigación bibliográfica de las dimensiones existentes de la calidad de servicio en la educación superior, se determinaron y acondicionaron los parámetros (dimensiones idóneos de calidad del servicio al cliente, para esta institución y se evaluaron, por la aplicación de encuestas, en muestras poblacionales de estudiantes, sociedad, personal docente y administrativo traducidos en tablas de frecuencia relativa e histogramas. Finalmente, se combinaron los resultados alcanzados con los criterios de evaluación con fines de acreditación planteados por el CEAACES, coincidentes con el enfoque de la temática en estudio para dar cumplimiento al objetivo general de la investigación, de diseñar un plan de gestión de la calidad en el servicio para la atención al cliente en la ESPAM MFL, que aporte no solo a la gestión institucional, sino al proceso de acreditación en el que esta se encuentra inmersa.

  19. Plan de acciones para prevenir indisciplinas sociales en jóvenes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yadiris del Valle-Atala

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo el diseño de acciones de intervención comunitaria para la prevención de indisciplinas sociales en jóvenes de la circunscripción no.11 del Consejo Popular “Rubén López Sabariego” del municipio Guantánamo. Se emplearon técnicas de recogida de información, entrevista, encuesta, análisis documental y observación participativa. Para evaluar la factibilidad de la interrelación entre las variables del modelo problema, las acciones de intervención y los indicadores verificables se propone la Matriz de Evaluación de Intervención Comunitaria.

  20. Special Needs: Planning for Adulthood (Videos)

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Parents site Sitio para padres General Health Growth & Development Infections Diseases ... Special Needs: Planning for Adulthood (Video) KidsHealth / For Parents / Special Needs: ...

  1. Caracterización del mercado en un plan de negocios para empresa de capacitación en e-learning - Market characterization in a business plan for an e-learning training company

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rocío Zairet Azuaje Contreras

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Hoy en día, la actualización empresarial es vital, ya que implica la adquisición y mejoramiento de competencias de acuerdo a las funciones del empleado en una organización. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal, caracterizar el mercado para la elaboración de un plan de negocios en la creación de una empresa de capacitación outsourcing basada en el E-Learning. En este sentido esta investigación descriptiva con diseño de campo empleó la técnica de la encuesta para determinar lo anteriormente planteado. Entre los hallazgos encontrados, se muestra la falta de incentivo en el adiestramiento de los empleados por parte de los directivos, a pesar de los recursos existentes, que muchos prefieren utilizar para aspectos operativos de la empresa. Sin embargo, hay un grupo dispuesto a recibir este tipo de capacitación, cuyas áreas de conocimiento mayormente demandadas son: área gerencial, Recursos Humanos y habilidades directivas. A manera de conclusión, una vez conocido lo anterior, se podrán plantear alternativas de solución, siendo el caso particular una empresa que ofrezca servicios de formación virtual Summary Today, business upgrading is vital as it involves the competencies acquiring and improving according to the employee’s roles in an organization. This article´s main objective is to characterize the market for the elaboration of a business plan in the creation of a training outsourcing enterprise based on the E-Learning. In this sense this descriptive research with field design used the technique of survey to determine what was previously proposed. Among the findings, there is a lack of incentive in the employees training given by managers, despite the existing resources, which many prefer to use for operational aspects of the company. However, there is a group willing to receive this kind of training, whose mainly demanded knowledge areas are: managerial area, Human Resources and managerial skills. In conclusion

  2. Implementación del análisis de riesgo en la industria alimentaria mediante la metodología AMEF: enfoque práctico y conceptual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Cartín-Rojas

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El análisis de riesgo mediante el Análisis Modal de Efectos y Fallas (AMEF se aplicó y se incorporó en conjunto con el Análisis de Peligros y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP para establecer la evaluación de riesgos en una maquiladora de pavo deshuesado. En este trabajo se calculó y se predijo, por medio de la significancia del riesgo, la importancia de establecer medidas preventivas en las etapas de proceso más vulnerables. El cálculo de la significancia se realizó obteniendo el Índice de Criticidad (IC. Los puntos críticos de control se establecieron con la metodología del árbol de decisiones, que se enfocó en aquellas etapas que mostraron tener los valores más altos relativos al IC. Las principales causas posibles que generan una desviación de los puntos críticos de control fueron enlistadas y analizadas a través de un análisis causa-raíz, con el uso del diagrama de Ishikawa. La integración del análisis de riesgo dentro de un plan HACCP demostró proveer amplias ventajas que facilitan el control de los procesos de manufactura y el aseguramiento de la salud pública a los consumidores finales, al generar alimentos inocuos y de alta calidad, al tiempo que mejora el desempeño operacional del ciclo productivo. Se identificaron las etapas de almacenamiento y descongelación como los principales segmentos con tendencia a mostrar altos valores de IC. Las acciones correctivas sugeridas bajaron notablemente los valores del IC por debajo del límite aceptable. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran claramente la importancia de la incorporación de un buen sistema de control sistemático para la gestión de riesgos en la industria avícola.

  3. Profitability of photovoltaic projects under the Plan Piloto de Generacion Distribuida para Autoconsumo

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Oviedo Mora, Bayron

    2013-01-01

    The concept of solar energy is introduced, with its characteristics and scope as a source of electric generation. The functioning of the photovoltaic projects is covered, its main components, characteristics that define, types of systems and basic concepts that should be known when designing a photovoltaic system. An Plan Piloto de Generacion Distribuida para Autoconsumo (PPDGA) of the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad is described, this plan is until the moment the only option for power generate a distributed manner in Costa Rica. An energetic study and good profitability analysis, the parameters to be taken into account and the way of calculating and interpret the indicators most used in engineering projects such as the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) were investigated to determine how should be developed. The social and environmental advantages are mentioned for the installation of a project of this type, while it is true they are difficult advantages to monetize in the developing of a profitability study, also must be valued at the time for the decision to implement the project. Two cases were chosen as examples, one for small industry level and the other at the residential level. The necessary estimates were performed to determine the optimal power to be installed in order to obtain maximum profitability, photovoltaic systems were quoted at different companies, to know the real price of equipment in today's market and credit characteristics for this type projects were consulted. Also, an estimate of the increase in electric rates in Costa Rica was made, among other necessary parameters to calculate what will happen in the projects. Finally, projects behavior was simulated, indicators of economic viability studies were calculated and sensitivity and risk studies of the two proposed projects using the RETScreen software were made. As of financial analysis and sensitivity it was determined that for both examples the proposed

  4. 21 CFR 120.9 - Legal basis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... CONSUMPTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) SYSTEMS General Provisions § 120.9 Legal basis. Failure of a processor to have and to implement a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP... implementation of its HACCP system. ...

  5. The development, implementation and testing of a lameness control programme based on HACCP principles and designed for heifers on dairy farms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bell, N J; Bell, M J; Knowles, T G; Whay, H R; Main, D J; Webster, A J F

    2009-05-01

    This paper describes the development and testing of a lameness control programme (LCP) for heifers on dairy farms. The LCP, which is based on the analysis of hazards and critical control points (HACCP), was tested via a randomised intervention study on 60 farms. Tangible hazards for each farm were identified, allotted to 11 categories of proximate hazard and scored on each farm to quantify the risks presented by each hazard. Feet were inspected for signs of claw horn disease and infection, such as digital dermatitis. Intervention was generally ineffective, primarily through failure to implement the LCP. However, retrospective analysis was able to demonstrate highly significant associations between risks attached to proximate hazards and probabilities of lameness and foot lesions, allowing the severity of these hazards to be ranked. The most significant proximate hazards of environmental origin were prolonged standing on concrete, standing in wet slurry and factors that cause claw trauma. The most severe proximate hazards however were those associated with failures of management, especially poor claw condition and inadequate foot care. Overall farm risks (OFR) were estimated by summing the products of the generic severity for proximate hazards with on-farm risks. Changes in OFR were significantly related to changes in outcome (lameness and lesions).

  6. Irradiation of prepared meals for microbiological safety and shelf life extension

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nketsia-Tabiri, K.; Adu-Gyamfi, A.; Apea Bah, F.

    2009-01-01

    Fourteen international ready meals prepared under the approved hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) plan and two Ghanaian ready meals, waakye (co-boiled rice and cowpeas served with gravy, minimally processed vegetable salad, hydrated gari, fried fish and macaroni) and jollof rice (rice cooked in tomato sauce and served with gravy and beef tripe), were investigated with the view to enhancing microbiological safety and extending shelf life under chilled conditions. The microbiological count of the complete waakye meal exceeded the microbiological standard. The microbiological counts on meals prepared under the HACCP plan and the jollof rice meals were within the microbiological standards. The D 10 values for potential pathogens on waakye were 0.271 kGy for Escherichia coli, 0.325 kGy for Salmonella aureus and 0.440 kGy for Salmonella spp. while the D 10 values on jollof rice meal were 0.173 kGy, 0.260 kGy and 0.285 kGy, respectively. Challenge tests with the pathogens on one of the HACCP meals (poached chicken) or jollof rice suggested that the 3 kGy dose was sufficient for the elimination of the pathogens to ensure the microbiological safety of the meals and extended their shelf life under chilled storage for 28 days without significant effects on their sensory quality. Doses of 1 and 2 kGy did not affect the sensory quality of the rice and chicken/gravy but boiled carrots were unable to withstand a dose of more than 1 kGy. (author)

  7. ParaChoice Model.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Heimer, Brandon Walter [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); Levinson, Rebecca Sobel [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States); West, Todd H. [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-CA), Livermore, CA (United States)

    2017-12-01

    Analysis with the ParaChoice model addresses three barriers from the VTO Multi-Year Program Plan: availability of alternative fuels and electric charging station infrastructure, availability of AFVs and electric drive vehicles, and consumer reluctance to purchase new technologies. In this fiscal year, we first examined the relationship between the availability of alternative fuels and station infrastructure. Specifically, we studied how electric vehicle charging infrastructure affects the ability of EVs to compete with vehicles that rely on mature, conventional petroleum-based fuels. Second, we studied how the availability of less costly AFVs promotes their representation in the LDV fleet. Third, we used ParaChoice trade space analyses to help inform which consumers are reluctant to purchase new technologies. Last, we began analysis of impacts of alternative energy technologies on Class 8 trucks to isolate those that may most efficaciously advance HDV efficiency and petroleum use reduction goals.

  8. Plan de Negocios para una Organización de Servicios de Capacitación en Actualización Tecnológica Automotriz

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Palomeque, Pablo Andrés

    2011-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar un modelo de plan de negocios para ésta organización que presta servicios de capacitación en actualización tecnológica automotriz. La empresa proporciona cursos de capacitación en Actualización Tecnológica Automotriz, tales como inyección electrónica de combustible, frenos ABS, AIR-BAG, electrónica básica y electrónica aplicada al automotor. Además brinda asesoramiento permanente y equipamiento electrónico especializado al personal de técnicos dedicados ...

  9. Plansalud: Plan sectorial concertado y descentralizado para el desarrollo de capacidades en salud, Perú 2010 - 2014 Plansalud: Decentralized and agreed sector plan for the capacity development in health, Peru 2010-2014

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lizardo Huamán-Angulo

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Los recursos humanos son el eje del accionar del sector salud; sin embargo, no necesariamente son el aspecto mejor atendido, por ello el Ministerio de Salud del Perú (MINSA conjuntamente con los gobiernos regionales generó el Plan Sectorial Concertado y Descentralizado para el Desarrollo de Capacidades en Salud 2010-2014 (PLANSALUD con el propósito de fortalecer las capacidades de los Recursos Humanos en Salud (RHUS y contribuir para que la atención de salud se desarrolle con eficiencia, calidad, pertinencia, equidad e interculturalidad en el marco de la descentralización, el Aseguramiento Universal de la Salud (AUS y las políticas de la salud. Con ese objeto se han propuesto tres componentes (asistencia técnica, capacitación y articulación educación - salud que agrupan a un conjunto importante de intervenciones, las cuales son planteadas y definidas de acuerdo al contexto nacional, regional y local, contribuyendo de ese modo a la mejora de las capacidades de gobierno, de gestión por competencias y la prestación de servicios de salud. El presente artículo muestra una primera aproximación de PLANSALUD, incluyendo aspectos relacionados a su planificación, gestión, financiamiento, estructura y funcionamiento, así como las medidas de monitoreo y evaluación.Human resources are the backbone of health sector actions; however, they are not necessarily the area with the greatest attention, therefore, the Ministry of Health of Peru (MINSA together with regional governments, led the Decentralized and Agreed Sector Plan for the Capacity Development in Health 2010-2014 (PLANSALUD with the aim of strengthening the capacities of Human Resources for Health (HRH and contribute to health care efficient development, quality, relevance, equity and multiculturalism, in the context of descentralization, the Universal Health Insurance (AUS and health policies. To achieve this goal, they have proposed three components (technical assistance, joint

  10. ULTIMOS ADELANTOS EN DIAGNOSTICO Y PLAN DE TRATAMIENTO PARA LA ODONTOLOGIA RESTAURADORA

    OpenAIRE

    Flores Rubio, Mariano

    2014-01-01

    La Odontología es un profesión muy joven y aunque progresa en progresión geométrica, se siguen manteniendo hábitos del pasado para procedimientos fundamentales. Me estoy refiriendo a costumbres tradicionales de utilización de métodos y criterio profesional, basados en el cálculo y la experiencia. La Odontología es un profesión muy joven y aunque progresa en progresión geométrica, se siguen manteniendo hábitos del pasado para procedimientos fundamentales. Me estoy refiriendo a costumbres tr...

  11. Plan de Comunicación de Aldaia Ràdio

    OpenAIRE

    Fornés Garrido, Raúl

    2011-01-01

    El presente Trabajo Final de Carrera constituye un estudio general para la elaboración de un plan de comunicación para la empresa radiofónica municipal Aldaia Ràdio. El plan de comunicación de cualquier organización empresarial se compone de un sinfín de elementos, tanto internos como externos, que desarrollándolos, constituyen la plataforma de proyección de la imagen de una empresa de forma eficiente. Este estudio pretende contribuir a mejorar la imagen, difusión y comercialización de l...

  12. FUNCIONALIDADES DE SISTEMAS DE PLANIFICACIÓN DE RECURSOS EMPRESARIALES PARA CADENAS DE SUMINISTRO / FUNCTIONALITIES OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dania Pérez-Armayor

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available En la actualidad los sistemas de planificación de recursos empresariales, además de facilitar las relaciones y la eficiencia intra-empresarial, incluyen elementos para viabilizar la colaboración entre empresas, como respuesta a la necesidad de las organizaciones de agruparse en cadenas de suministro. En consecuencia, el Ministerio de la Informática y las Comunicaciones, junto a otras organizaciones cubanas, están proyectando el desarrollo de un sistema de planificación de recursos empresariales desarrollado en el país (Sistema Cedrux, incluyendo funcionalidades que soporten la integración de cadenas de suministro. Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de funcionalidades que debe poseer el Sistema Cedrux para facilitar una gestión de la cadena de suministro exitosa. Para complementar este análisis fueron realizadas búsquedas bibliográficas y entrevistas a personal participante en el desarrollo de Cedrux. Como resultado se propone la configuración de los módulos acorde al rol de la empresa en la cadena, incluyendo módulos de gestión de cadenas de suministroAbstractNowadays, enterprise resource planning systems (ERP systems, in addition to help improving the relations and the intra-enterprise efficiency, include elements that facilitate inter-enterprise cooperation in response to the need for organizations to come together in supply chains. As a consequence, the Ministry of Informatics and Communications, along with other Cuban organizations, are planning the development of an ERP system developed in Cuba (named Cedrux system, which includes functionalities that support the integration of supply chains. This paper aims to analyze the functionalities that Cedrux should have in order to support a successful supply chain management. Bibliographic searches and interviews to Cedrux developers were conducted, in order to complement this analysis. As a result is suggested the inclusion of modules for supply chain management and the

  13. Plan de mantenimiento de una óptica industrial

    OpenAIRE

    Coll Rovira, David

    2013-01-01

    Se tiene como objetivo principal la elaboración de un plan de mantenimiento para una empresa dedicada a la fabricación de lentes ópticas. Para llevar a cabo dicho objetivo, deberá realizarse el estudio de la empresa, tanto a nivel maquinaria, como de trabajos realizados, de producción y de mantenimiento

  14. 77 FR 68130 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Voluntary Hazard...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-11-15

    ... management system based on HACCP principles. Food safety management systems allow establishment operators to... and/or validate the practices used in a food safety management system based on HACCP principles... Critical Control Point (HACCP) principles to reduce the risk of foodborne illness in the operation of...

  15. 78 FR 47701 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Procedures for...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-08-06

    ... (21 CFR part 123) mandate the application of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) principles to the processing of seafood. HACCP is a preventive system of hazard control designed to help... collect and record information. The HACCP records compiled and maintained by a seafood processor primarily...

  16. 78 FR 69687 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-11-20

    ... application of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) principles to the processing of seafood. HACCP is a preventive system of hazard control designed to help ensure the safety of foods. The... information. The HACCP records compiled and maintained by a seafood processor primarily consist of the...

  17. 75 FR 34746 - Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-06-18

    ... the application of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) principles to the processing of seafood. HACCP is a preventive system of hazard control designed to help ensure the safety of foods. The... HACCP records compiled and maintained by a seafood processor primarily consist of the periodic...

  18. MODELO PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE UN PLAN DE NEGOCIOS PARA LAS EMPRESAS PEQUEÑAS Y MEDIANAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Vargas

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Las microempresas y las empresas medianas y pequeñas, conocidas con la sigla Pymes, han venido cobrando cada vez más importancia tanto en su contribución a la economía de Colombia, como al bienestar de sus habitantes, al ir ganando participación a las grandes empresas en el volumen de producción y las plazas de empleo generadas en el país. Igualmente, las empresas de estas categorías han venido aumentando su participación en la cantidad de puestos de trabajo en Colombia, en la producción, en el Producto Interno Bruto y en las exportaciones. En 1998, según el estudio desarrollado por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y el Centro de Desarrollo Empresarial se encontró que la principal debilidad que tienen las Pymes colombianas es la planeación. Para efectos de llevar a cabo la planeación de sus negocios, los empresarios cuentan con algunos recursos externos a la empresa. Las entidades que pueden prestar ayuda a los empresarios en sus procesos de planeación son de dos tipos: instituciones cuyo objetivo es promover la creación y desarrollo de empresas y empresas privadas dedicadas a actividades de consultoría, con fines comerciales. No obstante, hay un vacío en lo referente a recursos que les permitan llevar a cabo sus propios procesos de planeación. Como conclusión de lo anterior, se encontró que sería importante para los empresarios colombianos contar con una herramienta que les sirviera de ayuda para desarrollar sus procesos de planeación, sin requerir la intervención de entes externos a la empresa. ...

  19. California Master Plan for Migrant Education, 1976 Edition (Plan Maestro de California para Educacion Migrante, Edicion de 1976).

    Science.gov (United States)

    California State Dept. of Education, Sacramento. Div. of Compensatory Education.

    Based on the national migrant education plan, California's master plan aims to mobilize the necessary State and Federal resources, and to unify and assist the efforts of local educational agencies to end the migrant child's failure in school. The plan includes provisions for: instructional activities on a regular and extended year basis designed…

  20. Plan de mejoramiento para el área de logística a nivel local de la compañía RotamAgrochemical Colombia S.A.S.

    OpenAIRE

    Gómez Susa, Martha Jannett; Morales Valero, Nadine Stella; Mosquera López, Diana Milena

    2013-01-01

    El trabajo pretende diseñar un plan de mejoramiento en el área logística que agregue valor, aumente la eficiencia y mejore los procesos de almacenamiento y distribución, gestión de inventarios y control de los productos agroquímicos de la Compañía RotamAgrochemical Colombia S.A.S., se formulan algunas recomendaciones para el mejoramiento de los procesos en las Áreas de almacenamiento, inventarios y seguridad industrial

  1. Modelos de investigación del mercado español y del plan de marketing estratégico para la Pera Rocha portuguesa

    OpenAIRE

    Vieira Jordao, José de Sousa

    2002-01-01

    Se trata del análisis de las preferencias del mercado español sobre la Perla Rocha, un pera genuinamente portuguesa, para el diseño de un plan de marketing estratégico al final. En el presente estudio, en un intento de aportar información al respecto, en primer lugar, se presenta la justificación y objetivos del trabajo; seguidamente se desarrolla un cuadro conceptual y un conjunto de hipótesis, de que resulta la metodología aplicada en la investigación empírica. Tras ofrecer una visión panor...

  2. Análisis de la evolución y estabilidad del fondo de un plan de pensiones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García González, A.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo determinamos la evolución del fondo del plan de pensiones, variable relevante del modelo que representa al plan, la estabilidad del mismo, así como los valores que ha de tomar el fondo para garantizar la solvencia de dicho plan. Para ello se establece la ecuación asociada a la trayectoria del fondo de pensiones y sus posibles puntos de equilibrio, que definen la estabilidad del modelo de previsión social representado por el plan de pensiones donde se integra el citado fondo. Realizamos igualmente un análisis de sensibilidad del modelo ante modificaciones de algunos de sus parámetros, desarrollando éste en el campo discreto para un plan de pensiones de prestación definida de sistema de empleo de duración ilimitada. Para determinar los valores de las principales funciones que caracterizan el modelo, utilizamos ciertos métodos actuariales de valoración y distribución de los costes que financian las prestaciones garantizadas por los planes de pensiones.

  3. 78 FR 6762 - Food and Drug Administration Food Safety Modernization Act: Proposed Rules To Establish Standards...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-31

    .... For example, applying the concept of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) that was pioneered by industry in the late 1960s, FDA established HACCP-based regulations for seafood (21 CFR part... Service instituted HACCP-based rules for meat and poultry (9 CFR part 417) (61 FR 38806, July 25, 1996...

  4. National Forestry Research Plan and Strategic Plan of the Agricultural Science and Technology Program (Colciencias)

    OpenAIRE

    Baquero Parra, Mónica María; Suárez Londoño, Álvaro Antonio

    2011-01-01

    El presente artículo divulga a la comunidad científica las prioridades de investigación nacional de las áreas agropecuaria y forestal, con base en las líneas de investigación identificadas por el Programa de Ciencia y Tecnologías Agropecuarias, para los planes estratégicos 2010-2019 de Colciencias. El plan estratégico agropecuario ha establecido que las prioridades de investigación para Colombia son gestión de la cadena de suministros, nutrición, pobreza rural, calidad e inocuidad, lenta tran...

  5. O planejamento na educação física escolar: um possível caminho para a formação do novo homem Planning for physical education in schools: A possible path for the education of a new human being El planeamiento de la educación física de la escuela: Una manera posible para la formación de un nuevo hombre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2006-11-01

    Full Text Available Este texto procura apontar para a importância de se construir um planejamento baseado numa referência de sociedade e de homem. A partir daí, apresenta um exemplo de planejamento para a educação física escolar baseado em uma concepção de sociedade e de homem. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: planejamento – educação física escolar. This text aims at pointing at the importance of plan-making based on a reference of society and of humankind. From this starting point it presents a model of planning for physical education in schools based on a concept of society and of human beings. KEY-WORD: planning – physical education in schools Este texto procura señalar la importancia de construirse una planificación basada en una referencia de sociedad y de hombre. A partir de ello presenta un ejemplo de planificación para la educación física escolar basado en una concepción desociedad y de hombre. PALABRAS-CLAVE: planificación – educación física escolar.

  6. Plan de ecoturismo para la laguna de Solano (Guabizhún

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricio Castro

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available El desarrollo turístico de la laguna de Guabizhún y sus áreas de influencia se encuentra sustentado en el aprovechamiento sostenible de sus atractivos turísticos naturales y culturales, así como de los del entorno geográfico, mediante el diseño y la ejecución de programas para la gestión, la instalación de la planta turística adecuada y la infraestructura de apoyo al desarrollo del turismo de naturaleza, de acuerdo con los objetivos de sustentabilidad en sus dimensiones económica, ambiental y cultural del sitio y los conectores que forman las actividades turísticas y recreativas del área. Por ello, es importante destacar la participación de las comunidades en el desarrollo de la actividad turística, que pueden aportar como alternativa válida para mejorar las condiciones de vida local y ayudar indudablemente a la conservación de los ambientes naturales y, sobre todo, del patrimonio cultural de los pueblos, mediante una planificación y un control adecuados de los recursos, donde la actividad del ecoturismo puede llegar a constituir una fuente importante de ingresos.

  7. Special Needs: Planning for Adulthood (Videos)

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Feelings Expert Answers Q&A Movies & More for Teens Teens site Sitio para adolescentes Body Mind Sexual Health ... to them. While you help your tween or teen plan for the future, watch this video series ...

  8. ESTRATÉGIA COMERCIAL PARA IMPULSAR EL TURISMO RURAL COMUNIDAD ABILLAL, COLIMA, MÉXICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nuchnudee Chaisatit

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Abillal es una comunidad rural, ubicada en el municipio de Manzanillo, Estado de Colima. Cuenta con riquezas tanto naturales como culturales donde los pobladores están realizando la actividad turística rural pero no está dando buen resultado por la falta de conocimiento y asesoría del plan estratégica para un óptimo manejo integral del turismo. Objetivo: Mejorar el plan estratégico comercial para impulsar el turismo rural en la comunidad del Abillal. La investigación se desarrolló con la metodología deductiva a través del trabajo de campo y análisis de  los indicadores para conocer los factores de la demanda turística. Resultado Mediante un análisis para identificar las fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas (FODA le logro realizar un plan de acción con estrategias que permitieran el impulso turístico de la comunidad de Abillal entre las acciones implementadas se realizó el levantamiento del inventario turístico rural en la comunidad del Abillal, se incluyó e involucro a los ejidatarios en las actividades turísticas y se realizaron los primeros recorridos a la comunidad rural obteniendo muy buenos resultados y propiciando de esta manera la derrama económica  en la comunidad. Palabras Clave: Turismo Rural. Estrategia. Abillal. Mexico

  9. Creating options in family planning for the private sector in Latin America La creación de opciones en materia de planificación familiar para el sector privado en América Latina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suneeta Sharma

    2005-07-01

    Full Text Available The countries of Latin America and the Caribbean are facing the gradual phaseout of international-donor support of contraceptive commodities and technical and management assistance, as well as an increased reliance on limited public sector resources and a limited private sector role in providing contraceptives to the public. Therefore, those nations must develop multisectoral strategies to achieve contraceptive security. The countries need to consider information about the market for family planning commodities and services in order to define and promote complementary roles for the public sector, the commercial sector, and the nongovernmental-organization sector, as well as to better identify which segments of the population each of those sectors should serve. While it is unable to mandate private sector participation, the public sector can create conditions that support and promote a greater role for the private sector in meeting the growing needs of family planning users. Taking steps to actively involve and expand the private sector's market share is a critical strategy for achieving a more equitable distribution of available resources, addressing unmet need, and creating a more sustainable future for family planning commodities and services. This paper also discusses in detail the experiences of two countries, Paraguay and Peru. Paraguay's family planning market illustrates a vibrant private sector, but with limited access to family planning commodities and services for those who cannot afford private sector prices. In Peru a 1995 policy change that sought to increase family planning coverage had the effect of restricting access for the poor and leaving the Ministry of Health unable to pay for the growing need for family planning commodities and services.Los países de América Latina y el Caribe enfrentan el cese gradual del apoyo y de la ayuda técnica y administrativa brindados por donantes internacionales a los proveedores de productos

  10. CONTEXTO PARA LA FORMULACION DE LA VISION DEL PLAN DE DESARROLLO MUNICIPAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armando Patiño

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo pretende establecer el nexo entre la construcción de una visión del desarrollo regional y los conceptos , métodos y modelos existentes sobre la materia. Por eso se parte de una revisión de los principales modelos y enfoques del desarrollo, asociándolos con el contexto actual de neomodernización que, a escala planetaria, introduce una severa crisis, vivida con mayor rigor en las regiones periféricas, proponiendo una alternativa heurística de visión y señalando los aspectos metodológicos para la comprensión de la ciudad, desde la perspectiva de la teoría de la complejidad. Dada la magitud de la crisis, se plantea el fortalecimiento de la democracia directa para la construcción de una visión compartida; también se señalan otros aspectos de las concepciones contemporáneas del desarrollo como libertad, en la perspectiva de Amartya Sen, orientado hacia los grupos más vulnerables, desde la filosofía política (Rawls, o como la libertad real para todos (Vanj Parijs. Finalmente, tratando de recoger lo planteado desde estas diferentes perspectivas, se realiza una propuesta sistémica de visión de desarrollo a manera de conclusión.

  11. Comercialización e importación al mercado colombiano de productos de iluminación LED para interiores

    OpenAIRE

    Restrepo Cortés, Oscar Eduardo

    2017-01-01

    Este trabajo presenta un plan de negocios para una compañía que importa y comercializa al mercado colombiano productos de iluminación LED para interiores, con el fin de exponer las áreas que se consideran más importantes para este plan y abarcando de manera concreta y objetiva su desarrollo -- Por lo tanto, se busca lograr un avance objetivo del proyecto, con el fin de que la propuesta de valor tenga la mayor similitud posible entre lo planeado y lo ejecutado -- Por medio de la investigación ...

  12. MÁS QUE TÁCTICAS PARA SOBREVIVIR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANA MARÍA ARBOLEDA ARANGO

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available HOP es una empresa líder en suministros de oficina que enfrenta la problemática de contar con una gran variedad de eventos comerciales dirigidos a clientes de los diferentes canales. Permanentemente implementa nuevas tácticas para llegar al cliente y para estar notoriamente en el punto de venta. Sin embargo, la diversidad de actividades del canal está afectando su rentabilidad. Este comportamiento es sustentado por el departamento comercial como el único camino para ser competitivos. Además, la multiplicidad de actividades comerciales parece no estar jugando a favor sino en contra del cumplimento de los objetivos de venta. Con este marco, una serie de preguntas llevan al estudiante a pensar más allá de las tácticas con las que HOP reacciona en el día a día, para pasar a pensar en una estrategia comercial de largo plazo teniendo en cuenta un plan a tres años y una propuesta de evaluación y seguimiento.

  13. Los Niveles de Referencia para la enseñanza de la lengua española

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernández García, Francisco

    2007-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo se propone realizar una presentación reflexiva del Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes (2006. Parte de un repaso del marco en el que ha tenido lugar su surgimiento (desde el proyecto Un Nivel Umbral y los Niveles de referencia del Consejo de Europa, para incidir después en algunas de las claves fundamentales de la obra. Por último, el artículo se cierra con algunas reflexiones sobre la posible proyección y utilidad del Plan Curricular más allá del marco para el que ha sido concebido, en concreto, para la docencia de la lengua materna y las lenguas extranjeras en la enseñanza reglada en España.

  14. El manglar de Purruja, Golfito, Costa Rica: un modelo para su manejo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Margarita Silva

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available El manglar de Purruja (Golfito, Costa Rica tiene una extensión aproximada de 70 Ha. Una investigación socio-biológica del manglar sentó las bases para el diagnóstico del mismo y facilitó el establecimiento de metas para su manejo. La comunidad y el grupo local organizado fueron factores claves para establecer las metas y el plan de acción para el manejo de los recursos. El monitoreo constante y una red de instituciones gubernamentales y no-gubernamentales de trabajo fueron los otros componentes del modelo de manejo. La supervisión técnico-profesional de forma sistemática fue una herramienta clave para conseguir las metas propuestas en el plan de acción y para establecer la red de instituciones que lograron un manejo cooperativo del manglarThe Purruja mangrove (Golfito, Costa Rica has an estimated area of 70 ha. A socio-biological research was the ground to set initial goals to manage the resources and to identify the mangrove biological condition. Community participation and the local organization were key factors in developing an integrated model for the management of natural resources. Constant monitoring and institutional networks were the other two factors to manage the mangrove. The constant profesional support was a tool to facilitate the acomplishment of goals and to establish an institucional network to promote local group iniciatives for collaborative management of the Purruja mangrove

  15. QMRA (quantitative microbial risk assessment) and HACCP (hazard analysis and critical control points) for management of pathogens in wastewater and sewage sludge treatment and reuse.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Westrell, T; Schönning, C; Stenström, T A; Ashbolt, N J

    2004-01-01

    Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) was applied for identifying and controlling exposure to pathogenic microorganisms encountered during normal sludge and wastewater handling at a 12,500 m3/d treatment plant utilising tertiary wastewater treatment and mesophilic sludge digestion. The hazardous scenarios considered were human exposure during treatment, handling, soil application and crop consumption, and exposure via water at the wetland-area and recreational swimming. A quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), including rotavirus, adenovirus, haemorrhagic E. coli, Salmonella, Giardia and Cryptosporidium, was performed in order to prioritise pathogen hazards for control purposes. Human exposures were treated as individual risks but also related to the endemic situation in the general population. The highest individual health risk from a single exposure was via aerosols for workers at the belt press for sludge dewatering (virus infection risk = 1). The largest impact on the community would arise if children ingested sludge at the unprotected storage site, although in the worst-case situation the largest number of infections would arise through vegetables fertilised with sludge and eaten raw (not allowed in Sweden). Acceptable risk for various hazardous scenarios, treatment and/or reuse strategies could be tested in the model.

  16. Special Needs: Planning for Adulthood (Videos)

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... First Aid & Safety Doctors & Hospitals Videos Recipes for Kids Kids site Sitio para niños How the Body Works ... on this topic for: Parents Financial Planning for Kids With Special Needs Giving Teens a Voice in ...

  17. Estudio de situación y Plan de Mercadeo para la introducción de la Pastilla Anticonceptiva de Emergencia (PAE), en Costa Rica

    OpenAIRE

    Carvajal Rojas, Lucrecia

    2004-01-01

    Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. Maestría Profesional en Administración y Dirección de Empresas con énfasis en Mercadeo y Ventas El objetivo general del trabajo es investigar la situación actual y los distintos públicos de la PAE en Costa Rica, para desarrollar un plan de mercadotecnia, que le garantice a la Asociación Demográfica Costarricense el éxito en la introducción, educación y divulgación de este método anticonceptivo de emerge...

  18. Institutionalizing planning, enactment and reflection of daily lessons through appropriate organizational restructuring

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Raval, Harini; McKenney, Susan; Pieters, Julius Marie

    2011-01-01

    This study describes a professional development program aimed at supporting para-teachers in an Indian educational NGO to adopt learner-centered approaches. Organizational factors inhibiting para-teacher learning were modified. A routine of lesson planning before, and reflection after daily

  19. Plan de negocios Oshian Group

    OpenAIRE

    Castillo Bolivar, Evelyn Johana; Charry López, Ingrid Milena

    2013-01-01

    Plan de negocios para crear una empresa de servicios de importación con contacto directo con proveedores y empresarios chinos para el sector de las Pymes Bogotanas. Oshian Group S.A.S., es una empresa importadora, ubicada en el barrio Chico; inicialmente operará en la ciudad de Bogotá, esto no limita el mercado sino que también se podrá expandir a clientes de otras ciudades del país en mediano o largo plazo. Diferentes sectores económicos como las Pymes han mostrado un avance a través de ...

  20. Los niveles de referencia para la enseñanza de la lengua española

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Fernández García

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo se propone realizar una presentación reflexiva del Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes (2006. Parte de un repaso del marco en el que ha tenido lugar su surgimiento (desde el proyecto Un Nivel Umbral y los Niveles de referencia del Consejo de Europa, para incidir después en algunas de las claves fundamentales de la obra. Por último, el artículo se cierra con algunas reflexiones sobre la posible proyección y utilidad del Plan curricular más allá del marco para el que ha sido concebido, en concreto, para la docencia de la lengua materna y las lenguas extranjeras en la enseñanza reglada en España. /////////The present work aims to make a critical description of the Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes (2006. First, it reviews the frame within which the Plan was originally devised (that is, the Threshold Level Project and the Common Levels of Reference elaborated by the Council of Europe. Secondly, it provides a thorough analysis of some of its key issues. Finally, it contributes some thoughts on the viability of implementing the Plan Curricular beyond the frame for which it had originally been conceived, more specifically, in the teaching of Spanish as the native language and of foreign languages in official curricula in Spanish educational institutions.

  1. Plano de social media marketing para a TAP Portugal

    OpenAIRE

    Lopes, Andreia Cristina Figueiredo

    2014-01-01

    Mestrado em Marketing O social media marketing adquire cada vez maior relevo para as empresas e exige, tal como noutras áreas de marketing, a delineação de um plano estratégico por forma a potenciar o seu sucesso. Tomando como objecto de estudo a companhia aérea TAP Portugal, foi elaborado um Plano de Social Media Marketing, com base no modelo conceptual de Barker et al. (2013), designado de "Social Media Planning Cycle". Para a elaboração do Plano, foram recolhidos dados primários, seguin...

  2. Proyecto II: Diseño de un plan de marketing de retención y fidelización de clientes para el servicio de televisión satelital en la CNT EP

    OpenAIRE

    Mejía Salazar, Andrés Rafael

    2014-01-01

    Teniendo como base el estudio de mercado realizado en el proyecto de investigación en donde se detectó las causas principales de deserción de los clientes en el servicio de Televisión Satelital en la CNT EP; se realiza un plan de marketing de retención, fidelización y recuperación de clientes. Los puntos clave del plan de marketing se enfocan primeramente en un direccionamiento estratégico del servicio para saber cómo se va a posicionar en corto y mediano plazo el producto de DTH. Se plantea ...

  3. La opinión de los profesionales sanitarios sobre el Plan de Salud de Cataluña: Punto de partida para una reflexión orientada al futuro Health professionals' opinion of the Catalan Health Plan: Basis for a reflexion on the future

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P. Brugulat

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available Objetivos: Conocer la opinión de los profesionales sanitarios sobre el Plan de Salud (PS de Cataluña y obtener nuevos elementos para la formulación y gestión de nuevos planes. Diseño: Combinación de metodología cuantitativa y cualitativa. Encuesta postal a personal médico y de enfermería, por muestreo aleatorio polietápico con estratificación. Se obtuvieron 3.223 cuestionarios (tasa de respuesta del 34,1%. Entrevista a una muestra de conveniencia formada por 41 profesionales asistenciales y de la gestión. Mediciones y resultados principales: El PS es conocido por el 78,8% (intervalo de confianza del 95%: ± 1,4 de los profesionales y es valorado positivamente por la mayoría de los consultados. Según el 28,9% (IC del 95%: ± 1,7 de los encuestados que lo conocen, el PS ha tenido repercusiones favorables en su labor diaria, y el 51,8% (IC del 95%: ± 1,9 opina que no ha tenido repercusiones. Se critican aspectos de su elaboración, contenido, difusión y la escasa asignación de recursos específicos. Se observan diferencias por edad, sexo, ámbito asistencial y colectivo profesional. Conclusiones: Es necesaria una mayor implicación de los profesionales en la discusión, diseño e implementación de las propuestas del PS. Se debe avanzar en la identificación de problemas, en el establecimiento de prioridades y en la asignación de recursos. También hay que lograr un mayor compromiso intersectorial y desarrollar estrategias de comunicación específicas para políticos, gestores y profesionales que permitan mejorar la proyección de los objetivos del PS en el sistema sanitario y otros sectores con responsabilidad en el ámbito de la salud. En definitiva, es necesario replantearse el papel del PS en el sistema y, de acuerdo con él, rediseñar los procesos para el establecimiento y aplicación de estrategias de salud.Objectives: To know health professional's opinion of the Health Plan for Catalonia (Spain in order to get news

  4. Language planning for "Mundurukú do Amazonas" Planejamento Linguístico para "Mundurukú do Amazonas"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gessiane Picanço

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Mundurukú, a Tupian language of Brazil, exhibits two opposite scenarios. On one extreme, there is Mundurukú do Pará, the language of daily communication in the Mundurukú Indigenous Land, with fluent speakers found across all generations and still acquired by children as a mother tongue. On the other extreme, there is Mundurukú do Amazonas, formerly spoken in the Kwatá-Laranjal Indigenous Land, but whose inhabitants have shifted to Portuguese. A group of Mundurukú students from Amazonas decided to initiate a process of language revitalisation as a way to strengthen the community's ethnic and cultural identity. This paper reports the initial stages of language planning, and includes future actions to promote language use in the homes and communities, assessement of language proficiency, and definition of educational programs to teach Mundurukú in local schools.Mundurukú, uma língua Tupí do Brasil, apresenta dois cenários opostos. Em um extremo, há o Mundurukú do Pará, a língua de comunicação diária na Terra Indígena Mundurukú, com falantes fluentes de todas as idades e adquirida pelas crianças como língua materna. No outro extremo encontra-se o Mundurukú do Amazonas, Terra Indígena Kwatá-Laranjal, que foi substituída pelo Português. Um grupo de estudantes Mundurukú do Amazonas decidiu iniciar um processo de revitalização de sua língua, como uma forma de fortalecer a identidade étnica e cultural da comunidade. Este trabalho relata os estágios iniciais do planejamento linguístico, incluindo as ações futuras para promover o uso da língua em casa e na comunidade, avaliação da proficiência na língua e definição de programas educacionais para ensinar Mundurukú nas escolas locais.

  5. Plan de empresa Bambú Gurmet Fit

    OpenAIRE

    Madrigal Fernandez, Juan Camilo

    2014-01-01

    El presente escrito tiene como objetivo ilustrar la elaboración del plan de empresa y factibilidad para implantar el concepto de restaurante y vida gourmet fitness a través del establecimiento de Bambú Gourmet Fit. En este sentido, y con el fin de entrar a un mercado competitivo con las mayores posibilidades de éxito posibles, es necesario visualizar de antemano el panorama administrativo, técnico, financiero, de mercadeo y de competencia para planear las estrategias pertinentes del d...

  6. Nyt koncept forebygger sundhedsproblemer i mælkeproduktionen

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rothmann Holm, Janne

    2017-01-01

    Overvågning: Ved brug af HACCP konceptet kan landmænd opdage og løse sundhedsproblemer hos køer på et tidligt tidspunkt. I EU projektet GplusE arbejder man på at tilpasse HACCP konceptet til brug for overvågning af sundheden i mælkeproduktionen.......Overvågning: Ved brug af HACCP konceptet kan landmænd opdage og løse sundhedsproblemer hos køer på et tidligt tidspunkt. I EU projektet GplusE arbejder man på at tilpasse HACCP konceptet til brug for overvågning af sundheden i mælkeproduktionen....

  7. Plan de marketing de un centro de psicología integral

    OpenAIRE

    Celis Gutiérrez, Carmen de

    2016-01-01

    RESUMEN: A través del Trabajo de Fin de Grado se a realizar un Plan de Marketing adaptado un centro de psicología integral. Este Plan de Marketing comenzará con un análisis exhaustivo del marketing estratégico donde se utilizarán conceptos como misión, visión y valores corporativos para posteriormente definir la estrategia empresarial que delimitará el campo de trabajo. Se realizará un análisis externo del entorno e interno de la empresa para que con toda la información obtenida se real...

  8. Plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa de turismo deportivo

    OpenAIRE

    MOLINA VILLALBA, GABRIELA HORTENSIA

    2014-01-01

    En el siguiente proyecto se pretende crear una empresa dedicada al turismo deportivo, en este caso su sede se encuentra en Valencia y su denominación social será “World Wide Valencia S.L”. El turismo deportivo hace referencia a los viajes que se realizan para ver o participar en un evento o actividad deportiva. Se crearan diferentes tipos de packs en los que se incluirán hospedaje, tour por la ciudad y tickets para los eventos o actividades deportivas en las ciudades de dest...

  9. Situation of the sustainable mobility plans in Spain

    OpenAIRE

    Diez, Jose Maria; Gonzalo Orden, Hernán; Velasco, Lara; López Lambas, María Eugenia

    2013-01-01

    Ponencia presentada en: Participación ciudadana activa para la Planificación de la Movilidad Urbana Sostenible (PMUS) : Engaging in a dynamic dialogue for Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP). Summer University 2013

  10. The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) generic model for the production of Thai fermented pork sausage (Nham).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paukatong, K V; Kunawasen, S

    2001-01-01

    Nham is a traditional Thai fermented pork sausage. The major ingredients of Nham are ground pork meat and shredded pork rind. Nham has been reported to be contaminated with Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, it is a potential cause of foodborne diseases for consumers. A Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) generic model has been developed for the Nham process. Nham processing plants were observed and a generic flow diagram of Nham processes was constructed. Hazard analysis was then conducted. Other than microbial hazards, the pathogens previously found in Nham, sodium nitrite and metal were identified as chemical and physical hazards in this product, respectively. Four steps in the Nham process have been identified as critical control points. These steps are the weighing of the nitrite compound, stuffing, fermentation, and labeling. The chemical hazard of nitrite must be controlled during the weighing step. The critical limit of nitrite levels in the Nham mixture has been set at 100-200 ppm. This level is high enough to control Clostridium botulinum but does not cause chemical hazards to the consumer. The physical hazard from metal clips could be prevented by visual inspection of every Nham product during stuffing. The microbiological hazard in Nham could be reduced in the fermentation process. The critical limit of the pH of Nham was set at lower than 4.6. Since this product is not cooked during processing, finally, educating the consumer, by providing information on the label such as "safe if cooked before consumption", could be an alternative way to prevent the microbiological hazards of this product.

  11. Más que tácticas para sobrevivir*

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana María Arboleda Arango

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available HOP es una empresa líder en suministros de oficina que enfrenta la problemática de contar con una gran variedad de eventos comerciales dirigidos a clientes de los diferentes canales. Permanentemente implementa nuevas tácticas para llegar al cliente y para estar notoriamente en el punto de venta. Sin embargo, la diversidad de actividades del canal está afectando su rentabilidad. Este comportamiento es sustentado por el departamento comercial como el único camino para ser competitivos. Además, la multiplicidad de actividades comerciales parece no estar jugando a favor sino en contra del cumplimento de los objetivos de venta. Con este marco, una serie de preguntas llevan al estudiante a pensar más allá de las tácticas con las que HOP reacciona en el día a día, para pasar a pensar en una estrategia comercial de largo plazo teniendo en cuenta un plan a tres años y una propuesta de evaluación y seguimiento.

  12. Diseño del sistema de ohsas para una empresa procesadora de alimentos

    OpenAIRE

    Espinoza G, Fernando; Cañarte Z, Paul; Vergara Granda, Sandra

    2011-01-01

    El objetivo principal de este trabajo es diagnosticar la situación actual de la empresa en materia de seguridad salud y medio ambiente, proponer un plan de mejoras que permita cumplir con las disposiciones de los reguladores y evitar danos a la salud de los colaboradores, a los bienes de la empresa y al medio ambiente. Para la consecución de este documento se realizo un trabajo de campo para observar las instalaciones y el proceso productivo, con el propósito de tomar notas para identifica...

  13. Para-Hermitian and para-quaternionic manifolds

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ivanov, S.; Zamkovoy, S.

    2003-10-01

    A set of canonical para-Hermitian connections on an almost para-Hermitian manifold is defined. A Para-hermitian version of the Apostolov-Gauduchon generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem in General Relativity is given. It is proved that the Nijenhuis tensor of a Nearly para-Kaehler manifolds is parallel with respect to the canonical connection. Salamon's twistor construction on quaternionic manifold is adapted to the para-quaternionic case. A locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) flat structure with parallel Lee form on the Kodaira-Thurston complex surfaces modeled on S 1 x SL (2, R)-tilde is constructed. Anti-self-dual locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) neutral metrics with non vanishing Weyl tensor are obtained on the Inoe surfaces. An example of anti-self-dual neutral metric which is not locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) is constructed. (author)

  14. Para-Hermitian and para-quaternionic manifolds

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Ivanov, S [University of Sofia ' St. Kl. Ohridski' , Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia (Bulgaria) and Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste (Italy); Zamkovoy, S [University of Sofia ' St. Kl. Ohridski' , Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia (Bulgaria)

    2003-10-01

    A set of canonical para-Hermitian connections on an almost para-Hermitian manifold is defined. A Para-hermitian version of the Apostolov-Gauduchon generalization of the Goldberg-Sachs theorem in General Relativity is given. It is proved that the Nijenhuis tensor of a Nearly para-Kaehler manifolds is parallel with respect to the canonical connection. Salamon's twistor construction on quaternionic manifold is adapted to the para-quaternionic case. A locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) flat structure with parallel Lee form on the Kodaira-Thurston complex surfaces modeled on S{sup 1} x SL (2, R)-tilde is constructed. Anti-self-dual locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) neutral metrics with non vanishing Weyl tensor are obtained on the Inoe surfaces. An example of anti-self-dual neutral metric which is not locally conformally hyper-para-Kaehler (hypersymplectic) is constructed. (author)

  15. Proposta de roteiro para coleta de dados visando diagnóstico da drenagem urbana em planos diretores municipais / Protocol proposal for data collection seeking the urban drainage diagnostic in municipal urban plans

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available ResumoO Plano Diretor (PD é o instrumento básico da política de desenvolvimento urbano e obrigatório, por força da Constituição Federal e do Estatuto da Cidade (Lei Federal 10.257/2001, para as cidades com mais de vinte mil habitantes. A maioria das cidades brasileiras sofrem com problemas associados a equívocos no trato da questão da drenagem urbana e, nesse sentido, a drenagem urbana é um tema indispensável que deve constar nos PD(s municipais. Para tal, o diagnóstico dos problemas associados à drenagem é imprescindível na identificação da causa e na proposta de soluções. Assim, procurou-se, neste artigo, uma proposta de roteiro para coleta de dados visando diagnóstico da drenagem urbana em PD. Para tal, adotou-se como eixo norteador as disposições constantes na Resolução CONAMA 369/2006 e outros instrumentos por esta utilizados. O roteiro possibilitou sistematizar e homogeneizar a coleta de dados e surge como uma alternativa para a rotina de coleta de informações e registro dos impactos em áreas urbanas, auxiliando no levantamento dos problemas e na proposição de diretrizes para o sistema de drenagem urbana. A aplicação foi limitada ao estudo de caso, entretanto os atributos foram norteados pelas recomendações de instrumentos legais e, assim, acredita-se na potencialidade de extrapolação da proposta. No entanto, recomenda-se o contínuo aperfeiçoamento do processo de levantamento dos dados e na incorporação de ferramentas de banco de dados e georeferenciamento para dinamizar o processo de atualização dos dados. Além disso, acredita-se que a proposta possa evoluir para uma análise baseada na classificação de riscos.AbstractThe Urban Plan is a basic tool for urban development policy and it is required from cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants, according to the Brazilian Federal Constitution and to the Federal Law 10.257/2001. The majority of Brazilian cities have problems that are associated with

  16. Design of a HACCP plan for indigenous chicken slaughter house in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Indigenous chicken rearing is seen as a poverty alleviation and food security ... control, reduce or eliminate any potential hazards to guarantee food safety. ... of the slaughter house on the basis of good manufacturing practices, as well as ...

  17. Urban Planning Dealing with Change and Infrastructure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sonja Deppisch

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available This paper deals with urban planning and change processes potentially impacting local infrastructure. The overarching theoretical frame is social-ecological resilience thinking and its potential application to as well as implications for urban land-use development. The paper draws its main attention on if this concept can be of use for urban planners dealing with change and urban infrastructure and if a readiness towards its application can be identified. This endeavor is informed by two explorative studies in Germany. One study gains its material from a scenario process with planning practitioners and further urban stakeholders of a medium-sized city. Main topic was how to deal with the challenges of climate change impacts in urban planning and development. The second explorative study reflects research results on the readiness to apply the resilience concept to urban planning dealing with change and local infrastructure in a small community. The scenario process showed that applying social-ecological resilience thinking to urban planning helps to critically reflect so far taken paths in local built infrastructure, to take on an integrated perspective and to develop new and innovative strategies for further land-use development. Nevertheless, such a process requires additional financial as well as human resources and translation exercises. Also, the given path dependency as well as financial constrains are hindering to perceive any leeway in infrastructure development at the political level, so that any real implementation at the moment seems to be out of sight, which is also caused by multi-level dependencies.  Normal 0 21 false false false DE X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm

  18. Um modelo de otimização linear para o planejamento agregado da produção e logística de sementes de milho A linear optimization model to the aggregate production and logistics planning of corn seeds

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério de Ávila Ribeiro Junqueira

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available A produção de sementes de milho envolve uma cadeia de produção agroindustrial complexa cujos agentes devem primar por oferecer produtos de alta qualidade a um baixo custo para se manterem competitivos no mercado. Neste trabalho, um modelo de otimização linear é proposto para auxiliar nas decisões do planejamento tático da produção, estocagem e transporte de sementes de milho, de forma a minimizar custos de produção, logísticos e fiscais, atendendo às restrições de programação da colheita, capacidade das plantas e demanda dos clientes. Para verificar a coerência do modelo e validar a abordagem, o modelo foi implementado na linguagem de modelagem GAMS e aplicado para resolver diferentes cenários de um exemplo baseado em dados realistas de uma empresa. Os resultados mostraram a importância de se considerar os custos fiscais de ICMS no planejamento agregado da produção e logística de sementes de milho.The production of corn seeds involves a complex agro-industrial production chain whose main agents must offer products of high quality and low price to stay competitive in the market. This work proposes a linear optimization model to support decisions in the tactical planning of production, storing and transportation of corn seeds, designed to minimize production, logistics and tax costs and to satisfy crop planning, plant capacity and client demand constraints. In order to verify the consistency of the model and validate the approach, the model was implemented in the GAMS modeling language and applied to solve different scenarios of an example based on realistic data of a company. The results showed the importance of considering tax costs in the production and logistics aggregate planning of corn seeds.

  19. Plan de empresa para la apertura de una Clínica Dental en Valencia

    OpenAIRE

    Llinares Noguera, Vicente

    2014-01-01

    [ES] En el presente trabajo analizaré el proceso de creación de una clínica dental, llevando a cabo un exhaustivo estudio de las acciones necesarias para emprender un negocio. De este modo se trata la creación de una clínica dental tanto desde puntos de vista legales, como económicos. La investigación se centra en la apertura de negocio desde el punto de vista emprendedor. El primer paso para la creación de una empresa es saber cual es su propósito, por lo que a priori...

  20. Plan de actividades físico-recreativas para mejorar la retención de los adultos mayores incorporados a los círculos de abuelos de la comunidad 10 de octubre del Municipio Pinar del Río

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Carlos Fundora García

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Las actividades físico-recreativas son de suma importancia para hacerle frente al proceso de envejecimiento del adulto mayor y a los cambios físicos, psíquicos y sociales que se producen, pues estas actividades tienen un papel fundamental para la conservación, mejoramiento de la salud y bienestar del adulto mayor. A partir de una investigación diagnóstico mediante encuestas, entrevista y amplia revisión documental para conocer la escasa participación de estas personas en actividades físico recreativas y se determinó un conjunto de dificultades, siendo las más significativas: • Alegan no tener tiempo • Que realizaban muchas actividades físicas y ellos no eran atletas • Poca motivación en las actividades realizadas Para dar solución a la dificultad tratada se elaboró un Plan de actividades físicorecreativas para los adultos mayores y se aplicó en los Consultorios Médicos de la comunidad 10 de Octubre del municipio Pinar del Río.

  1. Factores asociados a la situación económica actual de los migrantes que han retornado de España a la ciudad de Ibarra. Propuesta Alternativa: Plan de negocio para implantar un Hostal en el sector del Terminal de la ciudad de Ibarra.

    OpenAIRE

    Andrade Salazar, Gina Elizabeth

    2013-01-01

    Determinar los elementos de la situación económica, en el caso de los migrantes ecuatorianos que retornaron a Ibarra en el 2011, para conocer su situación actual. Elaborar un plan de negocio para implantar una hostal en el sector del terminal de la ciudad de Ibarra, y fomentar el desarrollo productivo desde la iniciativa privada. El presente proyecto es un estudio de factibilidad para la creación de un hostal en el sector de la Terminal Terrestre de la ciudad de Ibarra. Ibarra, es un cantó...

  2. Hazard analysis and critical control point to irradiated food in Brazil

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boaratti, Maria de Fatima Guerra

    2004-01-01

    Food borne diseases, in particular gastro-intestinal infections, represent a very large group of pathologies with a strong negative impact on the health of the population because of their widespread nature. Little consideration is given to such conditions due to the fact that their symptoms are often moderate and self-limiting. This has led to a general underestimation of their importance, and consequently to incorrect practices during the preparation and preservation of food, resulting in the frequent occurrence of outbreaks involving groups of varying numbers of consumers. Despite substantial efforts in the avoidance of contamination, an upward trend in the number of outbreaks of food borne illnesses caused by non-spore forming pathogenic bacteria are reported in many countries. Good hygienic practices can reduce the level of contamination but the most important pathogens cannot presently be eliminated from most farms, nor is it possible to eliminate them by primary processing, particularly from those foods which are sold raw. Several decontamination methods exist but the most versatile treatment among them is the ionizing radiation procedure. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) is a management system in which food safety is addressed through the analysis and control of biological, chemical, and physical hazards from raw material production, procurement and handling, to manufacturing, distribution and consumption of the finished product. For successful implementation of a HACCP plan, management must be strongly committed to the HACCP concept. A firm commitment to HACCP by top management provides company employees with a sense of the importance of producing safe food. At the same time, it has to be always emphasized that, like other intervention strategies, irradiation must be applied as part of a total sanitation program. The benefits of irradiation should never be considered as an excuse for poor quality or for poor handling and storage conditions

  3. Plan de negocios para el almacén Moto Repuestos

    OpenAIRE

    Tello Arias, Xavier Eduardo

    2008-01-01

    El desarrollo de este trabajo de investigación se lo ha efectuado en cinco capítulos, en los cuales se ha tratado de enmarcar y analizar las diferentes técnicas y estrategias de Administración, que sean más convenientes para la aplicación en el almacén "MOTO REPUESTOS", los cinco capítulos tratados son: 1. MERCADEO.- en el desarrollo de este capítulo se trata de ir analizando lo que es respecto al producto, aclarando de que es un satisfactor de necesidades que no son creadas por las empres...

  4. Plan estratégico para Mc Donald's China 2016-2020

    OpenAIRE

    Vila Castillo, Carla Abigaíl; Ysla Regalado, Jennifer; Bustamante Huamán, Daniel Guillermo

    2016-01-01

    Mc Donald’s es una corporación estadounidense líder del mercado de comida rápida, con más de 76 años en el mercado y presencia en más de 100 países con alrededor de 36.525 locales entre propios y franquiciados. El éxito de Mc Donald’s radica en ofrecer una variedad de productos tales como hamburguesas, postres y café, destacando la famosa Big Mac, productos a un precio accesible para todos los mercados donde opera. Esto como consecuencia de su estrategia genérica de Liderazgo de costo tipo...

  5. Plan estratégico para la quinua del Perú

    OpenAIRE

    Sheen Cortavarría, Erika María; Arbieto Ramírez, Erico; Pozo Molina, María Del Rocío del

    2007-01-01

    La quinua es un producto oriundo de la región andina que ha sido reconocida en el mundo por su alto nivel proteico. Su cultivo, ha experimentado a lo largo de toda la historia peruana una serie de cambios genéticos que les han dado a los países andinos la exclusividad de su crecimiento a pesar que se han hecho esfuerzos para propiciar su adaptación a otros países. El Perú es el principal productor de quinua y el segundo país que exporta este cultivo, principalmente, al mercado norteamerica...

  6. Políticas de Inclusión Social para los Grupos Etarios más Vulnerables: Plan de Inclusión Previsional y Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro A. Calabria

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Resumen En este trabajo se analizan dos políticas de protección social implementadas en la Argentina con énfasis en aquellos sectores más vulnerables: el Plan de Inclusión Previsional (2005 destinado a adultos mayores y la Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social (2009, destinado a niños, niñas y adolescentes menores de 18 años, cuyos padres no estén amparados por el sistema de asignaciones familiares contributivas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que ambos programas han tenido importantes impactos en la ampliación de la cobertura de la seguridad social, y la reducción de la pobreza y la indigencia, que se extienden a todo el núcleo familiar.  

  7. Un ano de retraso para el acelerador europeo LHC

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN. Geneva

    2002-01-01

    "Debido a las dificultades presupuestarias que sufre el Laboratorio Europeo de Fisica de Particulas (CERN) para construir el nuevo acelerador LHC, la puesta en marcha de esta gran instalacion se retrasara un ano, entrando en funcionamiento en 2007, segun el plan elaborado por la direccion del centro" (1/2 page).

  8. Plan de negocio para una agencia de viajes situada en Valencia

    OpenAIRE

    SÁEZ LÓPEZ, PATRICIA

    2015-01-01

    [EN] The following Final University Project consists in a Business Plan for the development and implementation of a travel agency located in Valencia. This company is focused on the mediation with the offer and the demand offering several touristic products. The objective of this project is to determine its viability. The decision of making a business plan is based on the knowledge obtained on the degree. It’s a great opportunity to put into practice what I learned. Furthermore, it has cho...

  9. Hazard analysis of critical control points assessment as a tool to respond to emerging infectious disease outbreaks.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kelly L Edmunds

    Full Text Available Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI strain H5N1 has had direct and indirect economic impacts arising from direct mortality and control programmes in over 50 countries reporting poultry outbreaks. HPAI H5N1 is now reported as the most widespread and expensive zoonotic disease recorded and continues to pose a global health threat. The aim of this research was to assess the potential of utilising Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP assessments in providing a framework for a rapid response to emerging infectious disease outbreaks. This novel approach applies a scientific process, widely used in food production systems, to assess risks related to a specific emerging health threat within a known zoonotic disease hotspot. We conducted a HACCP assessment for HPAI viruses within Vietnam's domestic poultry trade and relate our findings to the existing literature. Our HACCP assessment identified poultry flock isolation, transportation, slaughter, preparation and consumption as critical control points for Vietnam's domestic poultry trade. Introduction of the preventative measures highlighted through this HACCP evaluation would reduce the risks posed by HPAI viruses and pressure on the national economy. We conclude that this HACCP assessment provides compelling evidence for the future potential that HACCP analyses could play in initiating a rapid response to emerging infectious diseases.

  10. Inocuidad en alimentos tradicionales: el queso de Poro de Balancán como un caso de estudio

    OpenAIRE

    Mayra Díaz Ramírez

    2016-01-01

    La variabilidad de los alimentos tradicionales producidos de manera artesanal es admisible, pero su inocuidad debe garantizarse. La ejecución de Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) es fundamental para la construcción de sistemas de gestión de la inocuidad como el Análisis de Riesgos y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP) e ISO-22000-Food Safety Management System. El cumplimiento de este tipo de prácticas en la producción de alimentos tradicionales en México es escas...

  11. Planeamiento estratégico para la Empresa WESCON S.A.

    OpenAIRE

    Bengoa Flores, Piero; Gonzales Azurín, Fernando; Ortiz Rivera, Lidia; Phang Verano, Juan

    2013-01-01

    xiii, 85 h. : il. ; 30 cm. En el presente documento se elabora el Plan Estratégico para la Empresa WESCON S.A.. Este plan estratégico es elaborado bajo un exhaustivo análisis de factores internos y externos, utilizando como herramientas principales diferentes matrices (i.e MEFE, MPC, FODA, Intereses de la Organización, RUMELT, entre otras) los cuales nos permitirán identificar las principales Fortalezas, Oportunidades, Debilidades y Amenazas de la empresa, siendo el objetivo...

  12. Formulación de un plan de desarrollo agropecuario y forestal para una comunidad ejidal del municipio de San Fernando, Chiapas, México

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leopoldo Medina Sansón

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available El perfil socioeconómico de Chiapas es primordialmente rural, debiendo reconocerse la diversidad de sus actividades agropecuarias y forestales para generar condiciones específicas de desarrollo. Considerando lo anterior, se realizó esta investigación entre mayo de 1998 y diciembre de 1999, como un estudio de caso sobre los aspectos agropecuarios y forestales más relevantes en el ejido Villa Allende, que expresa problemas ejidales característicos de la región. El ejido cuenta con 3.300 hectáreas, 554 ejidatarios y se ubica en el municipio de San Fernando en la Región Central de Chiapas. Se estudiaron las circunstancias de los ejidatarios, conocimiento local y procesos de trabajo agrícola desde una perspectiva de planeación. A partir de ello se generó el plan de desarrollo, el cual es el primero expuesto en el municipio de San Fernando que se dirige al sector ejidal. Su propósito es plasmar una propuesta general en materia agropecuaria y forestal que pueda ser base para la concertación y que permita vislumbrar opciones dirigidas a mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes del ejido Villa Allende. Se postulan las siguientes políticas de desarrollo: 1. Fortalecimiento de la producción y la autosuficiencia alimentaria. 2. Impulso al crecimiento económico. 3. Dotación de infraestructura básica. 4. Reordenamiento agropecuario y forestal con criterios sociales, ecológicos y económicos. 5. Promoción de la salud. Con base en las políticas, se enuncian objetivos programas y subprogramas o proyectos.Chiapas' State has an economical profile essentially rural so, it must be recognized the diversity of its agriculture, livestock and forestry to generate specific conditions of development. Considering the previous questions, this research was carried out between May of 1998 and December of 1999, as a case study about the most important aspects that are related to agriculture, livestock and forestry at the Villa Allende ejido, which

  13. Plan de ordenamiento territorial. Plan estratégico de desarrollo urbano territorial, Presidencia De La Plaza, Chaco, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alberto Patricio Mahave

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available El Plan Estratégico Territorial para la Municipalidad de Presidencia de la Plaza pone de manifiesto varios puntos claves, esenciales para el desarrollo equilibrado de las potencialidades y oportunidades dentro del entorno tanto local como externo. La dimensión ambiental incluye temas como la calidad del aire y el agua, la adaptación al cambio climático, la reducción de la vulnerabilidad a las amenazas naturales y la cabertura de los servicios públicos; la dimensión del desarrollo urbano considera los aspectos físicos, económicos y sociales; y la dimensión legal aborda las características de una buena gobernabilidad, entre ellas la transparencia, participación pública y gestión pública moderna. Al mismo tiempo, examina los instrumentos normativos ya que son necesarios para el normal deselvonviemiento de la institución municipal y el desarrollo y crecimiento económico, social, urbano y territorial del municipio. Por ello, se pretende atender cuestiones que hacen al ordenamiento urbano, al espacio público y al medio natural, elementos estructurantes para el buen desarrollo del municipio tanto en lo social como en lo económico, con el objeto de producir acciones tendientes al funcionamiento óptimo del territorio y a la vez sustentable, garantizando a la población un ambiente saludable e integral. El éxito del Plan Estratégico Territorial para la Municipalidad de Presidencia de la Plaza depende de la voluntad política de las autoridades locales como de la ciudadanía, ya que resulta de vital importancia la sostenibilidad de las propuestas e intervenciones en corto, mediano y largo plazo que contribuirán a una modificación adecuada al territorio.

  14. Construcción colaborativa de un plan de acción para la educación inclusiva: cómo la experiencia educacional finlandesa puede rechazar este procedimiento?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renato Aparecido De Souza

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo aborda el uso de las metodologías activas, el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y el aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante, que se contextualizan con la Educación Finlandesa, en pro de la organización y construcción de un Plan de Acción sobre la Educación Inclusiva. Se presenta una rutina pedagógica para un período de cuatro horas con el uso de estrategias educativas para la promoción de la discusión de la Educación Inclusiva. En el caso de los municipios de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, en el marco de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático, profesionales del campus, Relación escolar - Familia, e Integración Escuela-Trabajo en una plataforma digital (Padlet. Al final, los resultados pudieron subsidiar futuras acciones institucionales para la Educación Inclusiva. Además, percibir incluso que subjetivamente la mirada de satisfacción de gran parte de los servidores en reconocer que cada uno tuvo un papel fundamental en el documento implica creer que es posible cambiar algunas rutinas educativas con el uso de las exitosas experiencias finlandesas.

  15. Plan para la tecnificación del riego

    OpenAIRE

    Ministerio de Agricultura; Instituto Nacional de Ampliación de la Frontera Agrícola; Proyecto Especial Ampliación de la Frontera Agrícola por Tecnificación de Riego

    1983-01-01

    Describe un plan de tecnificación del riego a nivel nacional con el fin de incrementar la productividad y por ende la producción, mediante el uso eficiente de los recursos hídricos, elevar el conocimiento técnico de los agricultores, en lo referente a la implementación, operación y mantenimiento de los sistemas de riego por aspersión, microaspersión y goteo; y determinar los consumos reales de agua, de los cultivos en los que se instalarán sistemas de riego tecnificado. Asimismo compendia inf...

  16. Algoritmo de recocido simulado para la descomposición robusta del horizonte de tiempo en problemas de planeación de producción A simulated annealing algorithm for the robust decomposition of temporal horizons in production planning problems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Fidel Torres Delgado

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available El problema de la descomposición robusta del horizonte de tiempo en planeación de producción fue inicialmente tratado en [1]. Posteriormente, en [2], Torres propone partir de una solución entera encontrada por programación dinámica, para luego mejorarla mediante un algoritmo de recocido simulado(simulated annealing. De acuerdo con [2], es necesario investigar más a fondo la capacidad de este algoritmo para mejorar la solución inicial y el impacto de la selección de los parámetros de control del algoritmo sobre la calidad de las soluciones encontradas. En este trabajo se desarrolla esta propuesta de analizar más a fondo la capacidad del algoritmo de recocido simulado para mejorar la solución inicial. Como resultado de los experimentos computacionales realizados, se determinó que el método de enfriamiento y la tasa de enfriamiento tienen efecto significativo en la calidad de la solución final. De igual manera se estableció que la solución depende en gran medida de las características del plan de operaciones, encontrándose mejores soluciones para planes con horizontes de tiempo más cortos.The problem of robust decomposition of temporal horizons in production planning was first introduced by Torres [1]. Later, in [2], Torres suggests to start with an integer solution found by dynamic programming, and then to use a simulated annealing algorithm to improve it. According to [2], more needs to be known about the impact of the control parameters in the simulated annealing algorithm, and their sensitivity with respect to the quality of the solutions. In this work we develop this idea and analyze in depth the ability of the simulated annealing algorithm to improve the initial solution. As a result of the computational experiments conducted, we determined that the cooling scheme and the cooling rate have significant effect on the quality of the final solution. It was also established that the solution found depends strongly on the

  17. Food Safety Practices in the Egg Products Industry.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Viator, Catherine L; Cates, Sheryl C; Karns, Shawn A; Muth, Mary K; Noyes, Gary

    2016-07-01

    We conducted a national census survey of egg product plants (n = 57) to obtain information on the technological and food safety practices of the egg products industry and to assess changes in these practices from 2004 to 2014. The questionnaire asked about operational and sanitation practices, microbiological testing practices, food safety training for employees, other food safety issues, and plant characteristics. The findings suggest that improvements were made in the industry's use of food safety technologies and practices between 2004 and 2014. The percentage of plants using advanced pasteurization technology and an integrated, computerized processing system increased by almost 30 percentage points. Over 90% of plants voluntarily use a written hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) plan to address food safety for at least one production step. Further, 90% of plants have management employees who are trained in a written HACCP plan. Most plants (93%) conduct voluntary microbiological testing. The percentage of plants conducting this testing on egg products before pasteurization has increased by almost 30 percentage points since 2004. The survey findings identify strengths and weaknesses in egg product plants' food safety practices and can be used to guide regulatory policymaking and to conduct required regulatory impact analysis of potential regulations.

  18. ¡Abre los ojos! Un proyecto de mejora educativa para la prevención de drogas en adolescentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecilia Mª AZORÍN ABELLÁN

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available La Educación para la Salud (EpS es un tema transversal del currículo que adolece de propuestas didácticas novedosas para la intervención pedagógica. El objetivo del trabajo que se presenta es poner en marcha un plan de mejora para la prevención de drogadicciones en adolescentes. Para ello, se ha trabajado con un total de 142 estudiantes de 3º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 16 años que cursan estudios en el Instituto “Francisco Salzillo” de la localidad de Alcantarilla (Murcia. Concretamente, este artículo da luz al Proyecto ¡Abre los ojos!, que forma parte del Plan de Acción Tutorial (PAT y del Plan de Mejora para la Prevención de Drogas (PMPD propuesto desde el Departamento de Orientación. Se exponen ad hoc las actividades implementadas durante las 3 sesiones trabajadas con cada uno de los 6 grupos-clase escolarizados en este nivel. Haciendo uso de la reflexión-acción, el alumnado ha desarrollado una conciencia crítica acerca de los riesgos que entraña para la salud el consumo de drogas. Asimismo, mediante la técnica de grupos de discusión los discentes han realizado un interesante debate cuyas ideas han sido organizadas en torno a tres aspectos clave: causas por las que se empieza a consumir, cómo evitar caer en las drogas, y alternativas de ocio y tiempo libre para una vida saludable. Finalmente, se especifica la necesidad de abordar tareas de prevención en los centros educativos así como de facilitar información y de resolver las inquietudes de los jóvenes acerca de esta temática.

  19. Safety in Serbian animal source food industry and the impact of hazard analysis and critical control points: A review

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tomašević, I.; Đekić, I.

    2017-09-01

    There is a significant lack of HACCP-educated and/or HACCP-highly trained personnel within the Serbian animal source food workforces and veterinary inspectors, and this can present problems, particularly in hazard identification and assessment activities. However, despite obvious difficulties, HACCP benefits to the Serbian dairy industry are widespread and significant. Improving prerequisite programmes on the farms, mainly through infrastructural investments in milk collectors and transportation vehicles on one hand, and increasing hygiene awareness of farmers through training on the other hand has improved the safety of milk. The decline in bacterial numbers on meat contact surfaces, meat handlers’ hands and cooling facilities presents strong evidence of improved process hygiene and justifies the adoption of HACCP in Serbian meat establishments. Apart from the absence of national food poisoning statistics or national foodborne disease databases, the main obstacle to fully recognising the impact of HACCP on the safety of animal source food in Serbia is the lack of research regarding the occurrence of chemical and/or physical hazards interrelated with its production.

  20. Planeamiento estratégico para Aidisa Perú S.A.C.

    OpenAIRE

    Dileo Pinillos, Roberto Carlos; Diaz Amayo, Jorge Luis; Gordillo Andrade, Luis; Ubillús Galarreta, Eduardo Antonio

    2016-01-01

    xvii, 106 h. : il. ; 30 cm. El plan estratégico desarrollado para Aidisa Perú S.A.C. se enmarca en la industria de distribución de productos de consumo masivo, específicamente en el canal tradicional abarcando a clientes minoristas y mayoristas. Para el desarrollo del mismo se trabajó conjuntamente con un grupo de empleados de cada operación de Aidisa Perú seleccionados en base a su conocimiento de la industria y de la empresa, realizándose además una exhaustiva investigació...

  1. Plan de negocios Finadsoft: [Plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa de consultoría enfocada en el desarrollo e implementación de un sistema de información hecho a la medida de las necesidades del cliente

    OpenAIRE

    2013-01-01

    El trabajo contiene el plan de negocios para la creación de una empresa de consultoría enfocada en el desarrollo e implementación de un sistema de información hecho a la medida de las necesidades del cliente dirigida a Pymes manufactureras. Mediante la caracterización del mercado examinando la industria del software, analizando las características y necesidades del cliente en cuanto a la administración, uso de la información y realizando un análisis financiero que permitan evaluar la rentabil...

  2. Application of action planning to PES systems

    OpenAIRE

    Paredes Cuervo, Diego; Arango Ramírez, Alejandro

    2008-01-01

    Buscando aportar una de las primeras aproximaciones metodológicas al tema del pago por servicios ambientales (PSA) en la cuenca del río Otún (Risaralda, Colombia) se propuso un plan de acción para la instalación de un sistema de PSA en la zona. El resultado principal de este proceso fue la definición de las actividades, responsabilidades y recursos para la implementación de un proyecto piloto de PSA enfocado en la calidad hídrica y la conservación de la biodiversidad y que incluirá como p...

  3. Plan de negocio de un restaurante localizado en el Puerto de Denia

    OpenAIRE

    GASCON ESCRIVA, EVA

    2012-01-01

    Con el presente proyecto se pretende estudiar la posibilidad de introducir un nuevo concepto de restauración en el Puerto de Denia. La metodología utilizada para llevar a cabo el Plan de Negocio está enfocada a la apertura de un nuevo restaurante en el Puerto de Denia. Estructurada en legislación, análisis estratégico y plan de negocio, plan económico y plan de marketing Gascon Escriva, E. (2012). Plan de negocio de un restaurante localizado en el Puerto de Denia. http://hdl.handle.n...

  4. La abolición del plan único de cuentas para comerciantes: alternativas para la reforma de la contabilidad colombiana, de cara al reto de la globalización

    OpenAIRE

    Saba López, Stella; Universidad de Medellín; Agudelo Henao, Luis Fernando; Investigador Independiente

    2006-01-01

    La Constitución de 1991 instrumentó, en lo esencial, el marco legal para la internacionalización de la economía colombiana. La normativa contable para comerciantes fue reformada de manera fundamental en 1993, para responder a los retos de un ambiente de negocios con importantes contactos globales; sin embargo, se quedó corta a la hora de mejorar los niveles de comparabilidad de la información producida en nuestro país con la que necesitan los mercados internacionales. Este artículo explora el...

  5. Plan de mercadeo Café Castillo de Wandra

    OpenAIRE

    Jaramillo Peña, Omar Darío

    2015-01-01

    Café Castillo de Wandra es el resultado que se obtuvo al buscar una buena forma para mejorar los ingresos en la finca Santana del municipio de Támesis (Antioquia), a partir de agregarle valor al grano producido en ella -- Para poder cumplir los objetivos de ventas e ingresos, es necesario elaborar un plan de mercadeo ejecutable a un año que contenga todas las variables del mix de mercadeo y que permita que el producto tenga un posicionamiento estratégico dentro de su mercado objetivo -- El pl...

  6. PLAN DE NEGOCIO PARA UN GIMNASIO EN LA CIUDAD DE ORIHUELA

    OpenAIRE

    GARCÍA RUIZ, ANA VICTORIA

    2017-01-01

    [ES] Este trabajo fin de carrera presentará los aspectos más relevantes para la puesta en marcha de un proyecto empresarial llamado “SKY CENTER”. Las actividades principales a las que se va a dedicar la empresa, serán: servicios de asesoramiento físico personalizado, servicios de wellness SPA (SALUS PER AQUAM) , aparatos, masajes y otros servicios complementarios, así como la venta de productos dietéticos y energéticos a nivel interno del centro. El mercado principal en el que se desarr...

  7. Propuesta de reordenamiento para el centro parroquial de Calderón, aporte para el plan de desarrollo local

    OpenAIRE

    Galarza Duque, Diego Vinicio

    2014-01-01

    La presente investigación, es un trabajo académico que pretende desarrollar conocimiento de carácter geográfico, mediante la aplicación de procesos utilizados en las metodologías para la elaboración de planes de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial de, la Secretaría Nacional de Planificación de la República del Ecuador, los procesos del Doctor Domingo Gómez Orea y el análisis de teorías de crecimiento de las ciudades latinoamericanas expuestas por varios autores, estos últimos utilizado como...

  8. La motivación en equipos de ventas. Plan de motivación La motivación en equipos de ventas .Plan de motivación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Jaime Soto Jaramillo

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo está basado en la investigación titulada “Los planes deincentivos a la fuerza de ventas y su impacto en los vendedores de las empresasgrandes y medianas en Colombia, 2004”, en la cual, siguiendo la metodologíaestadística, se consultaron cuatrocientos vendedores de grandes y medianasempresas colombianas con el fin de establecer los factores relevantes para el diseñode un plan de motivación. Con base en los resultados de la investigación los autoresproponen el diseño de un plan de motivación, sus objetivos, los factores a teneren cuenta, las diferentes clases de motivación y la metodología para implementardicho plan.This article is based on a research project carried out on big and medium companies in Colombia. The size of the sample was designed following the statistics methodology. Four hundred salespeople in big and medium Colombian companies were interviewed in order to establish the relevant aspects for the design of a motivational plan. Based on the results obtained, a design of a motivational plan is proposed by the authors, along with its objectives, elements to be taken into account, different types of motivation, and the appropriate methodology to implement such a plan.

  9. Escuela intercultural: inmigración y educación para una nueva ciudadania

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cándida Martínez López

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available La Educación Intercultural representa, en la actualidad, un modelo educativo válido para abordar la atención a la diversidad dentro del aula. Una de las consecuencias del fenómeno de la inmigración es la convivencia en nuestros centros escolares de alumnado procedente de muy distintas culturas. Su escolarización supone una ocasión inmejorable para aunar, en la práctica docente, interculturalidad y educación ciudadana para la convivencia pacífica y democrática. El objetivo no es sólo alcanzar mayores niveles de integración entre las minorías culturales y la cultura mayoritaria, sino también, conseguir impulsar la formación en valores de todos los alumnos y alumnas. Se trata en definitiva, de mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza y la vida cotidiana de los centros, así como prepararles para incorporarse a la sociedad en condiciones de asumir sus responsabilidades y contribuir a la tarea común de construir un futuro mejor. En el artículo se exponen los principales objetivos y medidas que configuran el plan andaluz de atención educativa al alumnado inmigrante, que se está desarrollando y aplicando en la Comunidad Autónoma juntamente con el plan de cultura de paz y no violencia. 

  10. Planificación automatizada del arranque de generadores para la restauración de sistemas eléctricos de potencia ;Generator Start-Up automated planning for electric power system restoration

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonel Francisco Aleaga Loaiza

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available La elección de la secuencia de arranque de los generadores afecta directamente a la capacidad de generación disponible en el proceso de restauración del sistema de potencia. En este artículo se utiliza un método basado en la planificación automatizada para calcular la secuencia de arranque de las unidades de generación en el proceso de restauración de sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Se presenta una formulación basada en acciones donde se involucran varios factores complejos tales como: la naturaleza combinatoria, el conocimiento de expertos, varias restricciones y condiciones cambiantes en el tiempo que deben cumplirse y la optimización de varios recursos numéricos. Los resultados de prueba sobre el sistema IEEE39-barras muestran que el método es muy eficiente en obtener planes precisos y optimizados para restaurar el sistema de generación utilizando un algoritmo de planificación automatizada basado en la búsqueda heurística con capacidades de razonamiento en tiempo continuo.The choice of generator startup sequence affects directly the available generation capacity in the power system restoration process. In this paper an automated planning based method is used to calculate the startup sequence generating units in the electric power system restoration process. An action-based formulation is presented where several complex factors are involved such us: the combinatorial nature, expert knowledge, several restrictions and changing conditions over time that must be met and the optimization of several numerical resources. The test result son theIEEE39-bus system show that the method is veryefficientto obtain accurate and optimized plans to restore the generation system using an automated planning algorithm based on heuristic search with capabilities of reasoning in continuous time.

  11. Contingency planning for rapid reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Larsson, Nils K.

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available The current and predicted levels of greenhouse gas (GHG emissions are, according to the best international scientific estimates, leading the world towards climate change that will have serious consequences for all countries. The problem is aggravated by the tendency of people and institutions not to take action until catastrophic consequences emerge. The history of crises in other sectors show us that reactions are likely to focus on ad-hoc reactions or using plans that are readily available, with negative results. However, the alternative of developing public plans for drastic and rapid reductions is not likely to gain support because of their radical nature. The author therefore proposes that large organizations with direct or indirect control over substantial GHG emissions should prepare private contingency plans for very rapid reductions in emissions, so that more rational and less destructive plans will be available when the appropriate moment comes for last-minute action. Examples of the type of specific plans that may be appropriate are suggested.

    Según las estimaciones científicas internacionales más optimistas, los niveles actuales y previstos de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI están llevando al mundo hacia un cambio climático que tendrá graves consecuencias para todos los países. El problema se ve agravado por la tendencia de personas e instituciones a no tomar medidas hasta que no se perciben las catastróficas consecuencias. El historial de crisis ocurridas en otros sectores nos demuestra que las reacciones probablemente se centren en medidas ad hoc o en emplear planes que ya existían, pero sin resultados. Sin embargo, es poco probable que la alternativa al desarrollo de planes públicos para las reducciones drásticas y rápidas consiga el apoyo necesario, debido precisamente a su radicalidad. El autor recomienda por tanto que las grandes organizaciones que tengan control directo o indirecto sobre un

  12. Implantación del módulo de mantenimiento para la gestión de los procesos de un negocio a través de un programa informático ERP (sistema de información Enterprise Resource Planning)

    OpenAIRE

    Martín Goula, Miquel

    2005-01-01

    La implantación del módulo de mantenimiento de un sistema de información ERP (sistema para la gestión de los procesos de un negocio, Enterprise Resource Planning) se divide en tres etapas: 1. Gestión del mantenimiento correctivo mediante el sistema ERP 2. Gestión de los recambios mediante el sistema ERP 3. Gestión del mantenimiento preventivo mediante el sistema ERP Este proyecto se refiere a la implantación del módulo para la gestión del mantenimiento correctivo, y se explican br...

  13. Revista Eugenio Espejo: alternativa para potenciar la publicación científica en salud

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Gafas González

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación analítica, durante el período marzo-mayo de 2015, con el propósito de desarrollar un plan de acción para estimular la publicación científica entre los docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud en la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo y profesionales del sector a nivel local y regional. La población estuvo constituida por los documentos habilitantes de la Revista Eugenio Espejo, sus siete volúmenes publicados hasta 2014, las normas establecidas para la indexación a sistemas de información científicas internacionales y los 15 artículos pendientes de aprobación y sus respectivos autores de correspondencia. A partir de la revisión de los artículos enviados para su publicación, se detectaron insuficiencias en las habilidades de estos para la redacción científica. La revista necesitó replantear sus normas de publicación y la organización del trabajo para que se cumpliera con los requisitos de las bases del Sistema de Información Científica Latindex y Redaclyc, pues inicialmente solo se cumplían con cinco. El plan de acciones fue diseñado basándose en las necesidades diagnosticadas para el fortalecimiento de dicha revista teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo de la publicación científica en el contexto estudiado.

  14. Desarrollo de un plan de negocios para constituir un estudio de abogados

    OpenAIRE

    UPC, Repositorio Academico; Canales, Edward Magno Gutiérrez; Camino, Percy Enrique Macedo; Prieto, Armando Aramayo

    2016-01-01

    ABSTRACT : This paper called: "Development of a Business Plan to set up a study of lawyers", was conducted in the Ica Region, during the year 2015. The purpose of the research was to develop a business plan for the study of law. In that sense, the subject of study was to determine the feasibility of creating a study of lawyers in the Ica Region. The investigation reached the following conclusions and recommendations: there is a reduced supply and growing demand of busine...

  15. Planeamiento estratégico para el pimiento en el Perú

    OpenAIRE

    Coral Chávez, Ángela; Estrada Figueroa, Julio; Ruiz Huaringa, Katherine; Trisoglio Carrión, Renzo

    2017-01-01

    xxii, 189 h. : il. ; 30 cm. El objetivo de la presente investigación es realizar el Planeamiento Estratégico para el Pimiento en el Perú, el cual fue elaborado en función al Modelo Secuencial del Proceso Estratégico. Este modelo concluye con el Plan Estratégico Integral para el Pimiento en el Perú que incluye, entre otros, la misión, visión, estrategias externas específicas retenidas y objetivos de corto y largo plazo. El análisis de la investigación se centra en el Pimiento ...

  16. Plan de empresa para una granja de gallinas ecológicas

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Cañada, Alberto

    2014-01-01

    Este TFG surge como respuesta a los principales problemas del medio rural: despoblación, envejecimiento poblacional y estancamiento de la economía rural. Así se propone una actividad respetuosa con el medio ambiente, generadora de empleo y revitalizante para el municipio donde se instalará la explotación: la avicultura ecológica de puesta.El estudio se estructura en 4 capítulos; el 1º se centra en el estudio del medio rural, el 2ºes un análisis tecnológico de la explotación, el 3º un análisis...

  17. EFSA BIOHAZ Panel (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards), 2014. Scientific Opinion on the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of peroxyacetic acid solutions for reduction of pathogens on poultry carcasses and meat

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hald, Tine; Baggesen, Dorte Lau

    no concerns for environmental risk of peroxyacids, acetic acid and octanoic acid. On the basis of a conservative preliminary guideline for surface water quality, the emission of HEDP from a poultry plant into the environment could not be considered safe a priori. It was recommended that HACCP plans should...... include monitoring of the concentration of HEDP and of the decontaminating substance in the working solution and post-marketing surveillance for resistance in both pathogenic and commensal bacteria....

  18. Assessment of hygiene standards and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points implementation on passenger ships.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mouchtouri, Varavara; Malissiova, Eleni; Zisis, Panagiotis; Paparizou, Evina; Hadjichristodoulou, Christos

    2013-01-01

    The level of hygiene on ferries can have impact on travellers' health. The aim of this study was to assess the hygiene standards of ferries in Greece and to investigate whether Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) implementation contributes to the hygiene status and particularly food safety aboard passenger ships. Hygiene inspections on 17 ferries in Greece were performed using a standardized inspection form, with a 135-point scale. Thirty-four water and 17 food samples were collected and analysed. About 65% (11/17) of ferries were scored with >100 points. Ferries with HACCP received higher scores during inspection compared to those without HACCP (p value food samples, only one was found positive for Salmonella spp. Implementation of management systems including HACCP principles can help to raise the level of hygiene aboard passenger ships.

  19. NUEVO MODELO PARA COMPRENDER AL RIESGO TURÍSTICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maximiliano E. Korstanje

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available El riesgo turístico se ha transformado en una obsesión de los analistas, de las autoridades y hasta de los propios turistas, los cuales recurren a la contratación de seguros de todo tipo. El presente trabajo conceptual intenta proveer un modelo fiable para comprender no solo el riesgo turístico sino para organizar campañas de concientización en la sociedad. Centrados en los aportes de Cass Sunstein sobre su idea de la heurística de la probabilidad, es necesario reconsiderar la forma en que ciertos riesgos son mediatizados, mientras otros son ignorados. Un plan integral en seguridad turística debe tener en cuenta las exageraciones de la misma forma que los riesgos de baja probabilidad pero alto impacto.

  20. Modelo de negocio para empresa colaborativa de alquiler de barcos

    OpenAIRE

    Ruiz Toribio, Juan

    2018-01-01

    En el presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado, se estudia el plan de negocio colaborativo de una plataforma (página web y aplicación móvil) que ponga en contacto a los propietarios que quieran alquilar su barco con los arrendatarios que estén interesados en dicho alquiler. Esto es, se estudia la implantación de dicho plan y su rentabilidad. Para ello, en primer lugar, se lleva a cabo un estudio del mercado náutico español y, en concreto, del mercado de alquiler colaborativo de barcos. Tras el anális...

  1. Methodology of technical analysis to reduce cost in the planning of the works of 'Energy for All' program in Sao Paulo, Brazil; Metodologia de analise tecnica para reducao de custo no planejamento das obras do programa 'Luz para Todos' em Sao Paulo

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Betiol Junior, Genesio; Strazzi, Paulo Ernesto; Carmo, Jose R. do; Ribeiro, Fernando Selles [Comissao de Eletrificacao Rural do Estado de Sao Paulo (CERESP), SP (Brazil)

    2006-07-01

    This article relates the development of a research about low cost for rural electrification projects, which have been used like a base to develop a technical analysis in whole projects of the program 'Luz para Todos'. This program was made in 2002 with the purpose to offer electricity for whole people in Brazilian rural area. This method was developed seeking in to achieve cost reduction in the planning made by electric companies in Sao Paulo state. At first, were analyzed the rural electric projects made by electricity companies in the program 'Luz da Terra', in front of to the commitment in achieving cost reduction in the rural electric projects. The program 'Luz da Terra' was made whit a social purpose and it was developed in the whole Sao Paulo state, during 1996 until 2004. One of the main demands to achieve reasonable costs and to allow the program's viability was the previous analyses of rural distribution projects, before them changing to work of electricity, checking out if they had well defined. social, technical and economics methods. For that, were chosen quantitative and non-quantitative indicators, agreement whit a comparative analysis of each company performance in the program 'Luz da Terra', in agreement whit historical series, based on the group of the final result of each distribution electricity project. In a second moment, the same methodology was adjusted to confront the plans data of each company's future works in the program 'Luz para Todos', using the results of the first program. The research allowed the identification of some planner's tendencies when developing from a more rigorous model of low cost, like was the program 'Luz da Terra', to the actual program 'Luz para Todos'. Applied to all companies in the Sao Paulo state, the study served as a support to renegotiate budgets, what provided savings of more than US$ 10,000.000 in a total of 42

  2. Estudio de los factores que intervienen en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua en el marco escolar : plan de intervención para alumnos inmigrantes marroquíes de educación secundaria obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Muñoz López, Belén

    2003-01-01

    Esta investigación se estructura en seis capítulos: en el primero, explicamos los objetivos, la metodología y el plan de investigación adoptado para la realización de la presente tesis; en el segundo presentamos una investigación de corte etnográfico en la que realizamos un estudios del contexto socioeducativo y de la identidad como factores que determinan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua para alumnos inmigrantes marroquíes de Educación Secundaria Obligatori...

  3. Plan de negocios para la exportación de productos manufacturados del austro al mercado de migrantes ecuatorianos residentes en la ciudad de Nueva York – E.E.U.U.

    OpenAIRE

    Vintimilla Ullauri, Hernán Javier

    2013-01-01

    Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal elaborar un plan de negocios, en el cual se desarrolla la idea principal de exportar productos manufacturados elaborados en el austro del Ecuador para destinarlos a la población de migrantes ecuatorianos que se encuentran radicados en la ciudad de Nueva York – EEUU., por lo que se busca mediante la aplicación de herramientas y técnicas adecuadas encontrar la solución al problema, por lo que este trabajo cuenta con seis capítulos: El primer capítulo s...

  4. Plan estratégico de marketing para el Centro de Diagnóstico Médico "Osteosalud"

    OpenAIRE

    Gallardo Apolo, María Irlanda del Rocío

    2015-01-01

    La planificación estratégica de marketing trae consigo determinar las estrategias que vayan de acuerdo a la solución de la problemática encontrada durante el desarrollo de la situación actual de la empresa analizada; para ello fue necesario entender el entorno de manera general, además de la situación interna de la empresa para establecer su correspondiente diagnóstico situacional expresado en la matriz del análisis FODA. Posteriormente se realizó la investigación de mercados, con la finalida...

  5. Plan de movilidad vial de la empresa K.P.

    OpenAIRE

    Domènech Ferrer, Cristina

    2013-01-01

    ¿Te has planteado cuántos kilómetros realizas cada día para ir y volver del trabajo? Según datos de la Dirección General de Tráfico, en 2010, el 34,8% de los accidentes laborales mortales fueron accidentes de tráfico. Con la elaboración de este plan de movilidad se pretende por un lado concienciarnos de los riesgos que suponen los desplazamientos diarios y por otro implantar unas medidas preventivas para reducir la siniestralidad laboral de la empresa estudiada. Este documento consta de...

  6. Análisis de un plan de pensiones de empleo según diferentes métodos actuariales de costes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peláez Fermoso, Francisco José

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo tratamos de realizar un análisis comparativo de la viabilidad financiera de un plan de pensiones cuando se considera para su valoración periódica algunos de los métodos de distribución de costes más relevantes y racionales legalmente aceptados. Este plan de pensiones, creado por una determinada empresa en favor de sus trabajadores, es de prestación definida y tiene como objeto el diferimiento de los salarios hasta el momento de la jubilación así como la aplicación de incentivos para motivar al empleado y mejorar la productividad durante su vida laboral. La implementación de estos métodos actuariales de costes aportará al gestor del plan información sobre el valor de una serie de funciones, tanto de carácter financiero como actuarial, lo que le va a permitir comprobar la estabilidad del plan y la solvencia del fondo de pensiones asociado en cualquier momento del horizonte temporal establecido para su estudio.

  7. ¿Pueden las escuelas - empresa de turismo, construir capital social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. Constanza Olaya Cantor

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados del proyecto de investigación “¿Pueden las Escuelas-empresa de Turismo, construir Capital Social para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas?” presentado en cumplimiento de los requerimientos para el MSc. In Development Administration and Planning de la Development Planning Unit de University College London. El proyecto de investigación analiza la construcción del capital social a través de la educación superior vocacional y de entrenamiento, específicamente en las escuelas-empresa de turismo. El objetivo de la investigación fue el entender cómo las escuelas-empresa de turismo pueden ayudar a las comunidades para relacionarse con otros actores en las esferas del Estado, el mercado y la sociedad civil para acceder, defender y transformar recursos para el beneficio individual y colectivo. Para este propósito, la investigación elabora en el capital social como herramienta analítica, desarrollando un marco específico para evaluar la construcción de capital social en las escuelas-empresa de turismo. Basado en este marco analítico, se presentan dos casos de estudio, uno en Ecuador y otro en Guatemala. En estos casos, las escuelas-empresa de turismo han sido establecidas y trabajan con comunidades locales en áreas selváticas de Latinoamérica.

  8. Um modelo de otimização para o planejamento agregado da produção em usinas de açúcar e álcool An optimization model for the aggregate production planning in alcohol and sugar mills

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael Piatti Oititica de Paiva

    2007-04-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho apresentamos um modelo de otimização para o planejamento agregado da produção de usinas de açúcar e álcool. Este modelo se baseia nos modelos clássicos de seleção de processos e dimensionamento de lotes para representar o sistema de produção de açúcar, álcool e melaço, incluindo decisões da etapa agrícola, das fases de corte, carregamento e transporte de cana e, principalmente, decisões de moagem, escolha do processo produtivo e estoque dos produtos finais. As decisões são tomadas em períodos semanais e o horizonte de planejamento são as semanas de safra. Para resolver o modelo de programação linear inteira mista resultante, utilizamos a linguagem de modelagem GAMS e o solver CPLEX. Um estudo de caso foi realizado em uma usina de açúcar e álcool do estado de Alagoas. Neste estudo foi possível verificar a adequação do modelo proposto quando aplicado para auxiliar nas decisões envolvidas no planejamento agregado da produção de empresas deste tipo. Resultados computacionais são apresentados resolvendo um exemplo com dados de uma safra típica.The main concern of this work is related to the presentation of an aggregate production planning model of a sugar and alcohol milling company. The mathematical model is based on the process selection model and the production lot-sizing model, and aims to help the decision makers in the production planning and control process of determining the quantity of sugarcane crushed, the selection of sugarcane suppliers, the selection of sugarcane transport system suppliers, the selection of industrial process used in the sugar, alcohol and molasses production and the storage decisions related to these final products. The decisions are taken on a weekly basis and the planning horizon is the whole sugarcane harvesting season. To solve the mixed integer mathematical problem found in this model, we applied the GAMS modeling language and the CPLEX solver. A case study was

  9. Plan fiscal y económico para la provincia de Antioquia (1782

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Pardo

    1979-01-01

    Full Text Available Documento en donde se informa a la corona las medidas que se deben tomar para el fomento de la agricultura, minas e industrias en la zona las cuales serán la aplicación de las medidas dictadas anteriormente, al respecto, por la Corona; y el establecimiento de Monte Píos, cuyo funcionamiento se describe con lujo de detalles, y la destinación de parte de sus fondos al desarrollo de estas actividades económicas en la región.

  10. Diseño plan de marketing estratégico caso: Hotel-Restaurante El Castillo

    OpenAIRE

    García Merino, Elena

    2013-01-01

    Diseño de un plan de marketing estratégico para un establecimiento hotelero y de restauración de nueva creación en un entorno único, un castillo medieval. En este plan se realiza un estudio del mercado y del entorno y el plan de acción con objetivos y estrategias específicas, la ejecución y control de éste Grado en Turismo

  11. Principios teatrales para docentes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Irene Arroyo Zúñiga

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende dar herramientas a los docentes para que puedan utilizarlas como parte de las actividades dentro de un plan de elección, en cualquier disciplina. Además encontrará una exposición de los elementos que componen el arte de la representación escénica, como son: 1. Expresión corporal; es la capacidad de expresar emociones partiendo únicamente de nuestro cuerpo. 2. Impostación; es la habilidad de proyectar la voz sin lastimar las cuerdas vocales. 3. Dicción; es la pronunciación correcta de las palabras. 4. Actuación; es la posibilidad de crear un personaje partiendo de los recursos expresivos y de la forma natural en que el alumno acostumbra a reaccionar. Técnica de improvisación, en éste artículo propongo una serie de seis pasos que pueden ser de gran ayuda a la hora de usar el teatro como recurso didáctico. El teatro a lo largo de la historia ha sido usado para transmitir conocimientos, valores, creencias y todo aspecto inherente a los individuos y su entorno social. Por lo tanto debemos aprovechar al máximo los beneficios que nos ofrece el teatro como educadores

  12. El Plan de la Microempresa: agotamiento de modelos ineficientes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Pineda

    1998-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo identifica y examina tres modelos de operación de los servicios financieros y no financieros del Plan Nacional de la Microempresa en Colombia a través de su evolución histórica desde 1984 hasta 1998. Se demuestra que los tres modelos ejecutados han estado básicamente en función de garantizar mecanismos de financiación a las actividades de las ONG participantes en el Plan. En los dos primeros al colocar la capacitación como prerrequisito para el crédito y en el tercero a través de la Corporación Mixta para el Desarrollo de la Microempresa. Esta característica de los modelos, la predominancia de los intereses de las ONG, le ha generado profundas limitaciones e ineficiencias a la experiencia más significativa, en los programas de microempresa, de trabajo conjunto entre el Estado y la sociedad civil en América Latina.

  13. Diseño de plan de marketing estratégico, para posicionar el servicio confirming del Banco Guayaquil en las microempresas del sector comercial al sur de la calidad de Guayaquil.

    OpenAIRE

    Torres Carpio, Carmen Beatriz

    2015-01-01

    El servicio Confirming lo brinda el Banco Guayaquil, su función principal es cancelar de forma anticipada las facturas a proveedores de sus clientes, antes de cumplirse la fecha de vencimiento. En la actualidad este tipo de servicio financiero lo ofrecen dos instituciones financieras del país y no ha sido muy explotado, está dirigido en la actualidad únicamente para las grandes empresas El plan de marketing constará de una serie de estrategias, tanto de promoción como de fidelización, las mis...

  14. Elaboración de un plan de marketing para lograr el posicionamiento e incremento de la participación de mercado de la empresa de aislantes politérmicos y materiales de construcción Aislapol S.A. en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

    OpenAIRE

    Proaño Lingen, Roberto Alejandro; Luna Eras, Mercedes María

    2015-01-01

    El proyecto consiste en desarrollar un plan de marketing para el posicionamiento e incremento de participación de mercado de la empresa AISLAPOL S.A. en Guayaquil, usando las herramientas de marketing adecuadas se pretende que el poliestireno expandido sea considerado una opción importante en el mercado de la construcción de la ciudad de Guayaquil. This project consist in developing a marketing plan to position and increase the market share of the AISLAPOL S.A. company, located in Guayaqui...

  15. Plan de negocios para la constitución de una empresa consultora que preste los servicios de asesoría para la planeación estratégica de organizaciones y la gerencia de proyectos implementando la metodología PMI - JYJ Project Offices S.A.S.

    OpenAIRE

    Contreras Delgadillo, Yair Esteban; Noriega Silva, Juan Carlos; Benítez Granados, John

    2012-01-01

    El presente documento describe el plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa de consultoría que asesore, forme las capacidades humanas y acompañe a medianas y grandes empresas de los sectores de Hidrocarburos (Petróleo), Construcción, Obras civiles y Telecomunicaciones, en la gestión de proyectos, creación de Oficinas de Proyectos con enfoque PMI y planeación estratégica. Esta empresa cuya razón social será JYJ Project Offices S.A.S., ofrecerá sus servicios a empresas localizadas en la ...

  16. UNbizplanner: herramienta de software para preparar planes de negocios

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Ávila Cifuentes

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Actualmente las universidades esperan jugar un nuevo papel en la sociedad además de investigar y enseñar, aplicar la “tercera misión” de desarrollo socioeconómico. Por lo cual, las universidades desempeñan un papel importante en el fortalecimiento de la creación de empresas a través del entrenamiento en planes de negocios. Un plan de ne-gocios es un documento que resume cómo un emprendedor creará una organización para explotar una oportuni-dad comercial. Preparar un plan de negocios requiere de una gran cantidad de conocimientos en diferentes dis-ciplinas: finanzas; gestión humana, de derechos de propiedad intelectual, de cadenas de abastecimiento y de ope-rariones y mercadeo, entre otras. En este artículo se presenta una herramienta computacional que sirve como so-porte en la elaboración de un plan de negocios, desde la perspectiva colombiana, identificando las etapas más re-levantes tenidas en cuenta por entidades nacionales que tienen mayor trayectoria en el apoyo a la creación y con-solidación de empresas. Para desarrollar el software se hizo énfasis en las etapas de análisis, diseño e implemen-tación del ciclo de vida de desarrollo de sistemas. Durante la etapa de análisis fue importante la revisión de la lite-ratura sobre planes de negocio teniendo en cuenta el caso colombiano.

  17. Plan de Marketing y Estrategia de Posicionamiento para un emprendimiento de lencería infantil: Bellamia

    OpenAIRE

    Apaolaza, María Fernanda

    2015-01-01

    INDICE -- I. INTRODUCCIÓN -- II. MARCO TEÓRICO -- 1. Las 5 Fuerzas de Michael Porter -- 2. El proceso de decisión de compra -- a. Participantes del proceso de decisión de compra -- 3. Marketing: Definición -- 4. Plan de Marketing -- b. Alcance del plan de marketing -- c. Las ventajas de un plan de marketing -- 5. Estructura del plan de Marketing -- a. Sumario ejecutivo -- b. Introducción del plan de marketing -- c. Análisis de la situación -- d. Análisis del mercado objetivo -- e. Problemas y...

  18. PLAN ESTRATÉGICO DE TURISMO RURAL SOSTENIBLE DE LAS PARROQUIAS SAN ISIDRO Y CHARAPOTÓ–MANABÍ, ECUADOR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Johnny Patricio Bayas Escudero

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available El plan estratégico se realizó con el objetivo de que las parroquias San Isidro y Charapotó impelementen e impulsen el turismo rural sostenible como alternativa de desarrollo a través de la aplicación de una herramienta de planificación y gestión turística, con lo cual se facilitará el uso adecuado de los recursos turísticos para mejorar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes. El diseño de este plan constó de tres fases; en la primera: se elaboró un diagnóstico, con base a información proporcionada por los principales actores del sector turístico del cantón Sucre y de ambas parroquias, quienes determinaron las principales fortalezas y debilidades; para el diagnóstico se aplicó las matrices de evaluación de factores internos y externos; con la aplicación de fichas de inventarios turísticos se identificaron trece recursos, se empleó la matriz de potencialidades para determinar el grado de relevancia turística de cada recurso inventariado, con la matriz de Leopold se identificaron los impactos ambientales de los recursos turísticos más vulnerables y mediante la matriz FODA se establecieron las estrategias del plan. En la segunda fase se determinó la misión, visión, valores, políticas, objetivos estratégicos, programas y proyectos, se fijó el tiempo de ejecución para cada proyecto mediante un cronograma y se estableció el respectivo presupuesto. La última fase consta de los parámetros de evaluación, en donde aparecen los medios de difusión del plan, así como las herramientas para el seguimiento y evaluación de los programas y proyectos.

  19. Factors Associated with the Adoption of Food Safety Controls by the Mexican Meat Industry

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maldonado-Simán, Ema; Martínez-Hernández, Pedro Arturo; García-Muñiz, José G.; Cadena-Meneses, José

    Food marketing at international and domestic markets has focused on processing systems that improve food safety. The objective of this research is to determine the factors influencing the implementation of the HACCP system in the Mexican meat industry, and to identify the main marketing destination of their products. Only 18.5% of enterprises reports fully operational HACCP in their plants. The main destination of their production in the domestic market is supermarkets, suppliers and distributors and specific niches of the domestic market. Exports are to USA, Japan, Korea and Central America and some niches of the domestic market with requirements of higher quality. The four principal factors that motivate enterprises to adopt HACCP are associated with improvement of plant efficiency and profitability, adoption of good practices, improvement of product quality and waste reduction. It is concluded that Mexican enterprises adopt HACCP to successfully remain and face competition by foreign enterprises in the domestic market and to a lesser extent to compete in the international market.

  20. Cómo enfrentar los accidentes del trabajo?: Lineamientos para su prevención y control

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caristina Robaina Aguirre

    1998-08-01

    Full Text Available Basados en una necesaria caracterización de la morbilidad de los accidentes laborales en la Industria y la mortalidad que éstos ocasionaron en 2 provincias del país (Cienfuegos y Las Tunas, nos vimos motivados a desarrollar un plan de actividades con la finalidad de influir en la disminución de la morbilidad y la mortalidad por accidentes del trabajo en el país, para lo cuál se desglosan en forma clara los objetivos, lineamientos de trabajo, así como el plan de actividades que den respuesta a éstos. Éstos podrán ser analizados por el personal de salud/seguridad que labora en cada centro de trabajo para su futura aplicaciónBased on the necessary characterization of morbidity of labor accidents in the industry and the mortality they cause in two provinces (Cienfuegos and Las Tunas, we felt encouraged to develop a plan of activities aimed at influencing over the decrease in morbidity and mortality rates caused by labor accidents in the country. To this end, objectives, work regulations, and a plan of activities to meet them are clearly broken down. All these questions can be analyzed by the health/safety personnel at overy work center for their future implementation

  1. Plan de negocio para la creación de una empresa de manejo integral de residuos solidos

    OpenAIRE

    Barahona Pardo, Liliana

    2012-01-01

    El presente proyecto es el resultado del análisis efectuado sobre el sector del reciclaje en Bogotá y las oportunidades identificadas para la creación de nuevos negocios a partir de las necesidades existentes. Donde cobra importancia la concientización y la optimización de los procesos productivos promoviendo la clasificación desde la fuente para lograr el máximo aprovechamiento y valorización de los residuos producidos por medianas y grandes empresas, logrando un mejoramiento del medio amb...

  2. Avanços e desafios do planejamento no Sistema Único de Saúde Advances and challenges of the Unified Health System planning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabíola Sulpino Vieira

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Desde a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS, os gestores têm despendido esforços para a discussão do planejamento, enquanto componente fundamental da gestão, e feito tentativas para institucionalizá-lo.Entretanto, mesmo com os avanços, há aspectos que se colocam de forma prioritária e que constituem desafios para a institucionalização do planejamento no SUS. Nesse sentido, este estudo procura descrever a evolução do planejamento no sistema, por meio da análise de documentos legais e materiais técnicos publicados pelo Ministério da Saúde. A partir da concepção de planejamento presente nessas publicações, faz-se a reflexão sobre a abordagem empregada, considerando os instrumentos de gestão estabelecidos e sua vinculação às abordagens teórico-metodológicas mais aceitas atualmente para o planejamento em saúde. Para finalizar, apontam-se aspectos que precisam ser observados para a efetivação do planejamento ascendente no SUS.Since the Unified Health System creation, managers have been expending efforts to discuss the planning and, made attempts to institutionalize it, considering that it's a basic management component. However, despite advances obtained, there are aspects that are priorities and that constitute challenges for the institutionalization of the planning at the Unified Health System. In this direction, this study describes the planning evolution in the system, by legal and technician material analysis of published documents by Ministry of Health. From the planning conception in these publications, it leads a reflection on the used approach, considering the established management instruments, and its entailing to the more currently accepted theory and methodology of health planning. Aspects that need to be observed are pointed for the effectiveness to ascendant planning at the Unified Health System.

  3. Necesidad de una Norma Internacional de Información Financiera para Pymes en el Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo Humire Delgado

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available El proyecto de Norma Internacional de Información Financiera (NIIF para entidaes privadas restringe las normas a aplicar para entidades que no tienen responsabilidad pública en la emisión de información contable. En el Perú, desde 1994, se aplican las NIIF completas y, según nuestra opinión, se deben seguir aplicando sin tener que modificar las normas relativas a entidades privadas. Lo que debe hacerse es implementar un intenso plan de capacitación para contadores, asistentes de contabilidad y gerentes de las entidades, y asegurar así la adecuada aplicación de las NIIF completas.

  4. 77 FR 73401 - Not Applying the Mark of Inspection Pending Certain Test Results

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-12-10

    ... businesses that produce product with a short-shelf life (e.g., fresh sausage, or fresh ground beef, or... that establishments have been operating under the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) regulations for years and most likely have a specific way to complete HACCP documentation. The commenters...

  5. Plan estratégico para el desarrollo del turismo rural comunitario en la región Cusco

    OpenAIRE

    Sepúlveda Medina, Hollman; Basurto Zapata, Rafael; Vizcarra Gutiérrez, Yuri

    2010-01-01

    El turismo es una de las actividades económicas que ha tenido un crecimiento importante en los últimos años, convirtiendo a esta industria atractiva para su desarrollo en países con potencial turístico, como el Perú. El turismo rural comunitario es una alternativa dentro de la industria del turismo para el desarrollo de las comunidades rurales que mediante una organización adecuada, les permite aprovechar el entorno y específicamente los recursos turísticos con que cuentan. En Latinoaméric...

  6. Plan anual de mercadeo para el aumento de los clientes y el mejoramiento de las ventas en la comercialización de tecnologías avanzadas para purificación ambienta

    OpenAIRE

    Colmenares Pareja, Ana María

    2013-01-01

    La División Ambiente, basada en el proceso de innovación y creada con el fin de motivar el crecimiento y la diversificación de Proquimes, se dedica a la comercialización de tecnologías avanzadas para purificación ambiental, ofreciendo soluciones integrales, innovadoras y confiables para garantizar la inocuidad y obtener un entorno seguro. Como ventajas competitivas se identifican el ser pionero en el mercado industrial y contar con la representación exclusiva en Colombia para la distribución ...

  7. Programa de producción más limpia para el mejoramiento de la planta de beneficio de ganado en Paipa, Boyacá

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés M. Barrera-S.

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Paipa es un municipio turístico que recibe miles de visitantes por año, por lo cual las autoridades municipales deben garantizar  la calidad y sanidad de los productos cárnicos distribuidos; además, la  ley  así  lo  exige. De  acuerdo  con  esto,  se decidió realizar un programa de mejoramiento para esta planta de beneficio, con el diagnostico e implementación de  tecnologías, por medio del sistema  de  producción más  limpia.  En  este sentido se empleo el sistema HACCP, por medio de  la aplicación de encuestas a  trabajadores y directivos; además, se realizó una observación completa para compararla con los resultados de las encuestas, teniendo en cuenta que la planta de  beneficio  de  Paipa  no  contaba  con  un adecuado  sistema de  procesamiento,  lo  cual afecta  la  calidad  del producto  ofrecido  a  los habitantes.  Luego del  diagnóstico  se  lograron realizar  mejoras  de  tipo ambiental  y  de procedimientos,  basadas  en  normas  de bioseguridad  y  buenas  prácticas  de manejo, influyendo de forma notable en la obtención de una carne más saludable e inocua. En un tiempo de 15 días después de abierta la planta, bajo la nueva propuesta de funcionamiento, se habían sacrificado  154  animales,  bajo  una  estricta normativa de seguridad ambiental, superando a la  planta de  Sogamoso,  la  cual presentaba  un promedio de sacrificio de 180 animales por mes.

  8. Diseño de un plan de marketing estratégico para empresas de servicios temporales "EST" basado en el diagnóstico de medianas y grandes empresas del sector comercial (caso Pereira - Dosquebradas)

    OpenAIRE

    Aguirre Gómez, Francy Milena

    2008-01-01

    En la presente investigación se diseñó un Plan de Marketing Estratégico para empresas de Servicios Temporales “EST” basado en el diagnóstico de medianas y grandes empresas del sector comercial de Pereira y Dosquebradas, se definieron variables importantes particulares de esta actividad económica tales como: calidad, precio, cobertura, marca, servicio, post venta y nivel tecnológico, éstas fueron evaluadas dentro del diagnóstico realizado identificando su nivel de importancia, fundamenta...

  9. Planificación tributaria aplicada a LA HUELLA DIGITAL CIA LTDA para el pago del Impuesto a la Renta

    OpenAIRE

    Astudillo Contreras, Lorena Patricia; Chica Contreras, María Gabriela

    2010-01-01

    Esta monografía presenta una propuesta para la implementación de una planificación tributaria en la empresa "La Huella Digital Digitalgrafic Cía. Ltda.", para el pago del Impuesto a la Renta. A lo largo de los capítulos encontraremos una breve descripción del nacimiento de la compañía, las actividades que desarrolla así como los objetivos y metas que pretende alcanzar, necesarios para determinar el plan tributario adecuado a implementar. Cabe aclarar que esta obra contiene únicamente un...

  10. Contribution to Risk Analysis of a Standard Brewery: Application of a Hygiene Assessment System Survey

    OpenAIRE

    Raposo, António; Salazar, Jairo; Pérez, Esteban; Sanjuán, Esther; Carrascosa, Conrado; Saavedra, Pedro; Millán, Rafael

    2013-01-01

    "Beer is a food product with a high consumption in Gran Canaria and the brewery industry is also present in this island. In order to carry out this study, it was designed a survey to assist in the assessment of risks from the facilities and infrastructures of the brewery, the raw materials used in the beer production and the HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) plan. An initial assessment of various aspects of the industry has been conducted at the beginning of hygienic-sani...

  11. ADDRESSING THE DEFICIT: Updating the Budgetary Implications of Selected GAO Work

    Science.gov (United States)

    1996-06-01

    DGPS DI DLA DOD DOE DOT DUR EDWAA EM EPA FAIR FAA FAS FDIC FHWA FY GAO GSA HACCP HCFA HHS HMO HUD IDB IFAD INS IRS JCT...Marti, the broadcasts are constantly and effectively jammed , USIA’S research data shows that, mainly as a result of the jamming , the number of Cubans...hours (from 3:30 am to 8:00 am), but Cuban jamming also expanded. In an attempt to overcome jamming , TV Marti has plans to convert from VHF to UHF

  12. Plan de comercialización para el posicionamiento de los productos apícolas (miel de abeja, jalea real y turrón) elaborados por la asociación de apicultores de la parroquia cacha “apica” en los supermercados mayoristas de la ciudad de Riobamba.

    OpenAIRE

    Chérrez Pazmiño, Ángel Yobani

    2015-01-01

    El objetivo del presente estudio fue elaborar un Plan de Comercialización para el Posicionamiento de los productos apícolas (Miel de abeja, Jalea real y Turrón) elaborados por la Asociación de productores apícolas “APICA” en los supermercados de la ciudad de Riobamba, con la finalidad que la empresa incremente el índice de sus ventas y estas generen mayores recursos económicos a los socios. Se realizó el estudio de mercado para determinar las preferencias de consumo de los productos apícolas...

  13. Software para la enseñanza y entrenamiento en la construcción de matrices para planeación estratégica de sistemas de información

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Andrés Arias Sanabria

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available La planeación estratégica de sistemas de información (PESI es el proceso por medio del cual una organización determina el portafolio de aplicaciones de computador para ayudar a lograr sus objetivos de negocios. El BSP/SA (Business System Planning for Strategical Alignment de IBM es una importante técnica para desarrollar un plan estratégico del recurso de información de toda una empresa. El BSP/SA ha sido descrito en términos de fases y tareas específicas. Las tareas son usualmente realizadas a mano y requieren de experiencia. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el de dar a conocer una herramienta computacional que automatiza dos de las tareas más importantes de la metodología BSP/SA: la matriz procesos - organización (MPO y la matriz procesos – clases de datos (MPC. Para desarrollar el software se hizo énfasis en las etapas de análisis, diseño e implementación del ciclo de vida de desarrollo de sistemas. Durante la etapa de análisis fue importante la revisión de la literatura y entrevistas semiestructuradas con expertos en PESI. Una contribución especial del presente trabajo es el diseño e implementación de reportes estadísticos asociados a cada matriz. La automatización de esta tarea ha facilitado a los estudiantes el proceso de análisis de la MPO y la MPC durante el desarrollo de los talleres de PESI para la asignatura de Gestión y Gerencia de Sistemas de Información (Ingeniería de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. También se han mejorado los resultados obtenidos en los talleres.

  14. Programa informático para el Autoaprendizaje de las matemáticas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sastre Sendra, Ximo

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available El desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías de comunicación e información, demanda nuevas funciones y nuevas formas de entender la educación y de llevarla a la práctica, como es el autoaprendizaje. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es un comienzo del fomento del autoaprendizaje en matemáticas en nuestro centro, utilizando recursos disponibles como el aula de libre acceso. Iniciando actividades dirigidas al cultivo y fomento de esa actitud; y lo que es más importante, el desarrollo y amor por la búsqueda del conocimiento . Para ello diseñamos un programa interactivo donde los estudiantes estudian matemáticas fuera del aula, de forma que pueden establecer su propio ritmo: adecuando las preguntas test según grado de dificultad y tema elegido. Finalmente tienen la posibilidad de autoevaluarse pues aparecerá un indicador del grado de acierto. Principalmente la experiencia va dirigida a alumnos del plan viejo para los cuales no existen clases presenciales. Para medir lo buena que resultó dicha experiencia recogeremos datos para cada alumno (grado de acierto, tiempo,... y datos globales del programa (nº total de visitas, opinión del usuario,... que analizaremos para hacer balance y mejorar.

  15. Plan estratégico Limpi Max S.A.C. 2015-2019

    OpenAIRE

    Aniceto Prado, Fabiola Virginia; Barcelona Zakimi, Antoane Andre; Tokashiki Zakimi, Javier Elias; Yutaka Yino Oshiro, Daniel Alberto

    2015-01-01

    El presente plan estratégico ha sido elaborado para la empresa Limpi Max S.A.C. para el periodo comprendido entre los años 2015 a 2019, cuya actividad económica está especializada en el cristalizado de superficies y suelos calcáreos. El mercado del cristalizado se enfoca en centros comerciales, tiendas por departamento y hoteles que cuenten con las superficies mencionadas líneas arriba. El mayor problema que enfrenta Limpi Max es la reducida o nula cultura empresarial en nuestro país de reali...

  16. Hacia una conceptualización del plan de empresa: una mirada desde la estrategia.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabián Fernando Osorio Tinoco

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Es indudable la importancia actual del plan de empresa y su uso generalizado para abordar la búsqueda de recursos a la hora de crear una nueva empresa. El propósito de este artículo es presentar un análisis conceptual del plan de empresa, más allá del confinado a su uso y su elaboración, a partir de la mirada de la Estrategia. Se exponen elementos conceptuales de la Estrategia, la Planeación como proceso. Finalmente, la importancia del ambiente, y se concluye con planteamientos para considerar a futuro, un análisis exhaustivo sobre los planes de empresa, dada la  importancia que tal instrumento viene adquiriendo.

  17. Hacia un plan de estudios dinámico en Ingeniería Eléctrica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Alberto Olarte Caro

    1986-01-01

    Full Text Available Aunque la síntesis que se presenta en estas páginas resume parte del trabajo adelantado por el Comité Asesor de Carrera, algunos de los planteamientos expuestos y los matices dados a otros, son de la responsabilidad particular de quien escribe. El propósito es dar a conocer los elementos básicos que permitirían configurar una propuesta para la actualización del plan de estudios y las posibilidades de una evaluación continua. Un plan de estudios se origina en la caracterización de una profesión y del ejercicio que de ella se haga. Entre más concreta y precisa resulte esta caracterización, mayor será la razón de ser de esta profesión, pues le da una identidad sólida y permanente. La definición profesional se logra mediante el denominado perfil profesional, que describe los niveles de competencia y el ámbito del ejercicio profesional. Para la revisión del plan de estudios, el Comité ha tenido como documento de trabajo el "Modelo para diseño y evaluación curricular" del Ingeniero Luis Alfonso Diez, profesor de la U.I.S.

  18. DIRECTRICES PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE UN PLAN PARA LA MIGRACIÓN A TELEVISIÓN DIGITAL TERRESTRE (TDT) EN VENEZUELA

    OpenAIRE

    José Rafael Uzcátegui; José Francisco Torres; Nelson Pérez García; Luís Duque; Zeldívar Bruzual

    2010-01-01

    En octubre 2009, la República Bolivariana de Venezuela adoptó el estándar ISDB-Tb (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting – Terrestrial Built On), de origen japonés, y con las mejoras introducidas por Brasil, como base para el sistema de Televisión Digital Terrestre (TDT) en Venezuela. Con la elección del estándar se inicia el camino hacia la solución de transcendentales aspectos de carácter técnico y legal que permitan la prestación de un servicio de Televisión Digital Terrestre cónsono co...

  19. El Plan concertado de Prestaciones Básicas de Servicios Sociales en España (Once años de Plan Concertado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANTONIO GUTIÉRREZ RESA

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available La intervención público-estatal ha sido una constante en materia de bienestar social y servicios sociales, y habiendo acabado el siglo XX estimamos conveniente que el Estado siga siendo la garantía básica de aquellas personas que padecen dificultades, junto al mercado y, sobre todo, junto a las entidades sin ánimo de lucro. El Plan CCB o comunidad cristiana de bienes es la fuente de inspiración de los servicios sociales de base o comunitarios en los años sesenta. Constituye la tradición española más inmediata que fue capaz de organizar los citados servicios como beneficencia y caridad. A partir de la reinstauración democrática y algunos años después (1988 se desarrolla una red pública de servicios sociales generales y para todos, que comienza a consolidarse con un nivel de prestaciones básicas en la década de los noventa. El acuerdo entre la Administración Central, Comunidades Autónomas y Entes Locales haría posible la red básica de servicios sociales públicos. Con el acuerdo nace el Plan Concertado (1988 y se consolida en torno al año 1995. Sobrepasados los diez años del Plan Concertado (1988-1998, la experiencia acumulada y la información disponible permiten albergar transformaciones que lo adapten a las nuevas necesidades de la sociedad española. Las exigencias de nuevas necesidades y los servicios sociales para todos marcan la pauta de lo que debe constituir el avance del Plan Concertado.

  20. Serie: Madera para construcción Acabados para madera

    OpenAIRE

    Sáenz-Muñoz, Marta; Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica

    2012-01-01

    Durante mucho tiempo, la madera ha sido utilizada como material de construcción para resolver principalmente objetivos estructurales; sin embargo, actualmente, el uso de la madera ha tomado mucho auge en la estética de las construcciones, para brindar apariencia y calidez. En la actualidad, el mercado ofrece una amplia gama productos para dar diversos “acabados” a la madera, los cuales sirven para resaltar la belleza de algunas de ellas, realzar características como el color y la veta, o bien...