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Sample records for perspectiva sociocultural artefactos

  1. Aproximación a la Animación Sociocultural desde una perspectiva didáctica

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    Ana CALVO SASTRE

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El objetivo principal de este artículo es plantear algunas reflexiones sobre los procesos de Animación Sociocultural desde una perspectiva didáctica. Para ello se analiza, por un lado, la relación entre la Animación Sociocultural como práctica educativa y la Didáctica como disciplina centrada en el estudio de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este análisis se realiza desde una perspectiva de complementariedad entendiendo la Didáctica como un marco referencial para la Animación Sociocultural y, a su vez, planteando la Animación Sociocultural como un campo que amplía los espacios de acción, reflexión e investigación de la Didáctica. Por otro lado, el apartado final del artículo se centra de manera específica en la perspectiva del Curriculum y su relación con la Animación Sociocultural. Se analizan, sobre todo, aquellas teorías que conciben la práctica del Curriculum como un proceso de investigación y, de manera más específica, aquellas que expresan una visión crítica del mismo puesto que constituyen la concepción del Curriculum en la que mejor se acomoda la Animación Sociocultural desde los planteamientos que de este concepto se realizan a lo largo del artículo.ABSTRACT: The principal objective of this article is to establish some reflections on the processes of Socio-cultural Animation («Community education» in Anglo- Saxon contexts from a didactic perspective. Thus, in one part, we analyze the relationship between Socio-cultural Animation as an educational practice and Didactics as a discipline centered on the study of teaching-learning processes. This analysis is carried out from a complementary perspective, if we understand Didactics as a referential framework for Socio-cultural Animation and, in turn, establish Sociocultural Animation as a field that extends the areas of action, reflection, and investigation of Didactics. Then, the final part of the article centers specifically on the perspective

  2. A PERSPECTIVA SOCIOCULTURAL E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUAS

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    Ana Cristina Biondo Salomão

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende traçar um histórico do desenvolvimento da formação de professores de línguas no Brasil e no exterior, assim como discutir os postulados da perspectiva sociocultural, de Vygotsky, como base teórica na qual a formação pode se ancorar na contemporaneidade. Uma vez que aprender a ensinar hoje é entendido como um processo longo e complexo de desenvolvimento, resultado da participação em práticas sociais e contextos associados ao ensino e aprendizagem, pretendemos discutir de que modo tal perspectiva teórica vem ao encontro de uma visão interpretativista da realidade e propicia elementos para a (reconstrução e transformação das práticas docentes, colocando o conhecimento como íntima e dinamicamente ligado à experiência e destacando o papel do agenciamento humano em seu próprio desenvolvimento.

  3. A PERSPECTIVA SOCIOCULTURAL E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE LÍNGUAS

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    Ana Cristina Biondo Salomão

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende traçar um histórico do desenvolvimento da formação de professores de línguas no Brasil e no exterior, assim como discutir os postulados da perspectiva sociocultural, de Vygotsky, como base teórica na qual a formação pode se ancorar na contemporaneidade. Uma vez que aprender a ensinar hoje é entendido como um processo longo e complexo de desenvolvimento, resultado da participação em práticas sociais e contextos associados ao ensino e aprendizagem, pretendemos discutir de que modo tal perspectiva teórica vem ao encontro de uma visão interpretativista da realidade e propicia elementos para a (reconstrução e transformação das práticas docentes, colocando o conhecimento como íntima e dinamicamente ligado à experiência e destacando o papel do agenciamento humano em seu próprio desenvolvimento.

  4. Artefactos en ultrasonido ocular

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    Mariana Mayorquín Ruiz

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available El ultrasonido ocular es un estudio dependiente del operador. Un buen estudio ecográfico debe tener como base el conocimiento de la anatomía y fisiología normales y de los cambios producidos en diferentes enfermedades, así como los cambios tras una cirugía ocular o trauma. El conocimiento de los fenómenos físicos producidos por el ultrasonido es la base para entender y reconocer la presencia de artefactos en el ultrasonido ocular. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo hacer un recuento de los artefactos que pueden ocasionar confusión al interpretar una imagen ecográfica, así como explicar la base física en la que se basan, reduciendo de esta manera los errores de interpretación y diagnósticos.

  5. Percepción de artefactos financieros en estudiantes de Contaduría y Psicología de una Universidad Mexicana

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    Carlos Robles

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available La configuración de la cultura financiera desde los aportes de Hofstede (1982, Schein (2004 y Aguilar (2002, se configura a partir de artefactos, normas, costumbres, hábitos, conocimientos, actitudes, intereses, creencias y valores respecto de las formas de adquirir y aplicar los recursos financieros para lograr propósitos socio-económicos tanto personales como empresariales; cada aspecto entraña una complejidad en su abordaje por lo que se supone necesario delimitar la perspectiva de su estudio en el contexto de una nación o en grupos sociales que comparten características específicas. El presente estudio de corte cualitativo muestra los rasgos de los artefactos como parte de la cultura financiera en estudiantes de las Licenciaturas en Contaduría y Psicología en el Estado de México. A través de grupos de enfoque se identificaron las categorías –componentes- de los artefactos aplicables en los procesos de obtención y aplicación de los recursos financieros, en grupos de estudiantes de diferentes semestres en una institución de educación superior en el Estado de México. El análisis de discurso se apoyó en una unidad hermenéutica para el diseño de redes ontosemióticas. Como resultado se identificó el papel del dinero como representación simbólica de estatus económico y social, que determina a nivel de creencia el rol social de cada persona. La experiencia de los sujetos en el manejo de cada artefacto, les ha generado percepciones positivas a cerca de los prestamistas y tandas como formas de fondeo y ahorro; así como percepciones negativas derivadas de la ausencia de hábitos de ahorro, de descontrol de endeudamiento, de los abusos sufridos en servicios prestados por las cajas de ahorro, los créditos bancarios, los servicios de las casas de empeño y específicamente en los préstamos entre amigos y familiares llegando a tener efectos negativos en la estabilidad e integración familiar.

  6. La configuración de la memoria colectiva: los artefactos. Por caso, la escritura y las imágenes

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    Jorge Mendoza García

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se argumenta que los artefactos: 1 son una especie de objetos cercanos y significativos, y en consecuencia los objetos distantes que carecen de significado no llegan a serlo; 2 con estos materiales se van edificando los recuerdos de las personas y los grupos cuya denominación es la de memoria colectiva; 3 hay distintos artefactos, como los monumentos, los archivos, el cuerpo, la música, pero aquí se desarrollan dos: la escritura y las imágenes, que son entre sí artefactos complementarios para el análisis del pasado de una sociedad y, 4 si estos materiales con que se conforma la memoria colectiva son alterados, destruidos o desaparecidos, los recuerdos se van con ellos y así se configura el olvido social. Las sociedades están edificadas, en cierta forma, sobre la base de la relación memoria-olvido.

  7. Interacciones docente-estudiantes y maltrato infantil: análisis microgenético desde la perspectiva sociocultural

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    María Natalia Rodríguez García

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar las significaciones sobre el maltrato infantil, que emergen en el contexto de un salón de clases de primero de primaria, en un colegio público de la ciudad de Bogotá. Este estudio se sustenta en la perspectiva sociocultural. Desde un enfoque idiográfico y por medio de análisis microgenéticos, se profundizó en el estudio de caso de Martina, quien, a partir de su práctica pedagógica, proporcionó elementos para caracterizar las significaciones que ha construido sobre el maltrato infantil y la manera en cómo estas son comunicadas a los niños. Metodológicamente, se solicitó a la profesora preparar un taller para sus estudiantes orientado hacia la prevención del maltrato infantil. También, se llevó a cabo una entrevista con la docente para complementar los análisis. Los resultados indican que las significaciones del maltrato infantil, que emergen en la práctica educativa de la educadora, están permeadas por un sistema cultural más amplio, a saber, la religión católica, y que a través de lo religioso se comunica con sus estudiantes para alinear sus objetivos a los de ellos. Futuras investigaciones podrían centrarse en el estudio de la práctica docente, de manera detallada, y considerar la cultura como elemento fundamental de la organización escolar.

  8. La solución de problemas cognitivos. Una reflexión cognitiva sociocultural

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    Rosalía Montealegre

    2007-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo, que se basa en la psicología histórico-cultural, enfatiza la solución de problemas como función psicológica superior ligada con otras funciones psíquicas: lenguaje, pensamiento, razonamiento, etc. Presenta una reflexión sociocultural sobre la solución de problemas cognitivos al abordar: 1. El pensamiento productivo (creativo: los métodos de investigación y los instrumentos (artefactos de mediación; 2. La ciencia cognitiva: el sistema de procesamiento de información, la cognición distribuida y la formación de acciones mentales; 3. El conflicto sociocognitivo: las interacciones sociales, el conflicto estructurante, la regulación sociocognitiva y la zona de desarrollo próximo. Concluye en la necesidad de formar la solución de problemas desarrollando: el pensamiento productivo, las estrategias cognitivas y el análisis de conceptos y hechos sociales

  9. Reconocimiento y economía de la estima: La normatividad basal de los artefactos semánticos

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    Gonzalo Bustamante Kuschel

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En la estructuras de la gramática moral social, el Reconocimiento [Anerkennung] juega un papel primordial tanto en la propia percepción como sujetos de dignidad de cada sistema psíquico así como en la de los otros como sujetos merecedores de un trato digno. Brennan y Pettit han rescatado el valor de la Economía de la Estima. En ella se destaca que la estructura desiderativa del sujeto implica no sólo el querer poseer bienes materiales y el aspirar al poder sino que además el buscar estima, es así como no habría sólo una economía de la maximización de la utilidad de bienes o reputación por medio, por ejemplo, de 'material goods' y 'positional goods' sino que además una de la búsqueda de estima. Las personas, como artefactos semánticos, competiríamos y establecemos mecanismos de distribución de la estima. Su posesión o no, implicaría mayores grados de inclusión o exclusión social desde una perspectiva comunicacional. El acceso igualitario a competir por ella, sería un derecho fundamental. El presente artículo explora hasta dónde esta entrada en igualdad para competir por la Estima no se encuentra condicionada por el Reconocimiento, el cual como Pettit y Brennan abordan, es distinto a la Estima pero como gramática basal de la normatividad social se constituiría en elemento condicionante para una competencia equitativa y democrática por Estima.

  10. Desenvolvimento moral: considerações teóricas a partir de uma abordagem sociocultural construtivista

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    Martins Lincoln Coimbra

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Partindo da análise de trabalhos tradicionalmente realizados na área de desenvolvimento moral, o artigo sinaliza a necessidade de desenvolver uma abordagem teórica que trate o tema dentro de um enfoque que considere os aspectos socioculturais, cognitivos e afetivos. A questão central reside em abordar de forma sistêmica e integrada a dinâmica do desenvolvimento moral do indivíduo, resgatando a dimensão interativa e contextual envolvida na resolução dos conflitos morais e no desenvolvimento de crenças e valores. O trabalho parte dos pressupostos da perspectiva histórica socio-cultural construtivista do desenvolvimento humano, explicitando as exigências metodológicas implicadas na adoção dos conceitos e categorias utilizados no âmbito de tal perspectiva.

  11. Desenvolvimento moral: considerações teóricas a partir de uma abordagem sociocultural construtivista

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    Lincoln Coimbra Martins

    Full Text Available Partindo da análise de trabalhos tradicionalmente realizados na área de desenvolvimento moral, o artigo sinaliza a necessidade de desenvolver uma abordagem teórica que trate o tema dentro de um enfoque que considere os aspectos socioculturais, cognitivos e afetivos. A questão central reside em abordar de forma sistêmica e integrada a dinâmica do desenvolvimento moral do indivíduo, resgatando a dimensão interativa e contextual envolvida na resolução dos conflitos morais e no desenvolvimento de crenças e valores. O trabalho parte dos pressupostos da perspectiva histórica socio-cultural construtivista do desenvolvimento humano, explicitando as exigências metodológicas implicadas na adoção dos conceitos e categorias utilizados no âmbito de tal perspectiva.

  12. UN ANÁLISIS SOCIOCULTURAL SOBRE LA MATERNIDAD Y EL ABORTO EN LA LITERATURA ARGENTINA RECIENTE

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    Astorino, Julieta; Saporosi, Lucas; Zicavo, Eugenia

    2017-01-01

    Entendiendo que se habla de la maternidad y el aborto desde una pluralidad de discursos, el presente artículo se propone analizar, desde una perspectiva sociocultural, las representaciones sobre la maternidad y la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo presentes en la literatura de ficción argentina durante el trienio 2006-2009. A partir del análisis de una serie de textos literarios seleccionados, se busca indagar los vínculos entre la construcción de la maternidad como relación social y la li...

  13. Slow Design: "cultivar" cultura y sensorialidad en la forma y en el uso de los artefactos

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    Lupo, Eleonora

    2012-01-01

    Este artículo pretende aportar principios clave y ejemplos de aplicación de un "enfoque slow" en el diseño de las funciones y experiencias propias de un producto. Algunos ejemplos mostrarán como incorporar las "cualidades soft" y los elementos culturales/intangibles presentes en los "artefactos culturalmente intensivos", en pro de una experiencia verdaderamente slow, pero al mismo tiempo densa y profunda, en el ámbito de las relaciones y la apropiación entre las personas y la producción de ma...

  14. Una gramática emergente ¿internet como cultura o artefacto?

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    Mireya Barón Pulido

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Nativos digitales, gramáticas emergentes, internet como cultura y como artefacto son referentes marco que dinamizan tanto la emisión como la interpretación de signos en la población universitaria. El artículo muestra los resultados de las tendencias de usos de los lenguajes y mediaciones TICS en jóvenes universitarios de primer semestre del Politécnico Grancolombiano-COLOMBIA a partir del trabajo con grupos focales y aplicación de instrumento, con el propósito de sistematizar la tendencia de esta semiosis y su relación con el escenario pedagógico en la educación superior. Por demás, la investigación logra hacer un estado de arte de los resultados-casos en América Latina y Europa ante la realidad sígnica TICS y actores universitarios.

  15. Un análisis sociocultural sobre la maternidad y el aborto en la literatura argentina reciente

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    Julieta Astorino, Lucas Saporosi y Eugenia Zicavo

    2017-01-01

    Entendiendo que se habla de la maternidad y el aborto desde una pluralidad de discursos, el presente artículo se propone analizar, desde una perspectiva sociocultural, las representaciones sobre la maternidad y la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo presentes en la literatura de ficción argentina durante el trienio 2006-2009. A partir del análisis de una serie de textos literarios seleccionados, se busca indagar los vínculos entre la construcción de la maternidad como relación social y la li...

  16. El cuerpo como artefacto: tecnologías médicas, anatomopolítica y resistencia

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    Jorge M. Escobar Ortiz

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se defiende la tesis de que hay un giro importante en el biopoder anatomopolítico de finales del siglo XX y comienzos del XXI. Este giro consiste en la aparición de diferentes tendencias culturales que comprenden el cuerpo humano como un artefacto que puede usarse para manifestar resistencia al poder. Para ello, estas tendencias se sirven de las tecnologías médicas como un medio para diseñar el cuerpo de acuerdo con una intención particular que permita cumplir cierta función elegida de antemano por quien identifica ese cuerpo como propio.

  17. Plantillas y artefactos personalización de RUP para proyectos académicos de desarrollo de software

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    López Márquez, Mario Dario; Villa Palacio, Juan Camilo

    2012-01-01

    En este documento se encontrará información que presenta un marco teórico del proyecto de grado -- Dicho marco proveerá los objetivos generales y específicos, justificaciones, ejemplos y conclusiones que argumentarán el trabajo sobre el tema de metodologías ágiles orientadas a la academia -- El trabajo se realiza con el propósito presentar una serie de plantillas, artefactos y ejemplos cercanos a la vida real de proyectos de desarrollo de software usando la metodología EAFIT-UP (E...

  18. Artefactos dialógicos: una propuesta para integrar la educación de artes musicales y visuales

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    Mario Arenas Navarrete

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este ensayo es realizar una propuesta para crear unidades de integración de artes musicales y visuales a través de la participación de estudiantes desde 12 a 17 años de edad, aproximadamente, en la creación de "Artefactos Dialógicos", es decir, esculturas sonoras cinéticas e interactivas. La particularidad de estas instalaciones-esculturas es que establecen y explicitan diversos tipos de diálogos con la naturaleza. Corresponden a la cristalización de un proceso iniciado el año 1986 en el Departamento de Música de la Universidad de La Serena, Chile, caracterizado por la defensa de la transversalidad disciplinar, en oposición al especialismo. Han participado estudiantes universitarios y niños de su Escuela Experimental de Música; profesores, artistas visuales, compositores e investigadores. La pretensión de que estudiantes construyan estos artefactos, conlleva cumplir como requisito, su empoderamiento, el desarrollo de su capacidad de agencia y creatividad, para que, en colaboración con profesores de diferentes asignaturas artísticas, científicas y humanísticas, incluyan en la mirada estética, la configuración material y estructural de estos aparatos, integrando, así, racionalismo y expresividad. Todo ello, visualizado a través del filtro epistémico que otorga la educación intercultural, de tal modo de atrapar y proyectar ancestros, gestos, modos, iconografías,2 idiolectos,3 identidades y patrimonio.

  19. EL CARÁCTER SOCIOCULTURAL DE LA ENSEÑANZA EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR (THE SOCIOCULTURAL NATURE OF TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION

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    Obregón Rodríguez Carmen

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:Como la escuela en general, el ámbito de la educación superior también nos ofrece un escenario privilegiado para recabar evidencias del carácter sociocultural del pensamiento. Fundada en las exploraciones de Vigotzky y expandida por sus seguidores, la perspectiva sociocultural establece que nuestro pensamiento en general, y las funciones mentales superiores en particular, están por definición culturalmente mediados; y que no hay forma de no estar culturalmente situados cuando llevamos a cabo una acción, usualmente acorde con los patrones aceptados por el grupo social al que se pertenece (acción mediada. A partir de estas aseveraciones, este ensayo intenta justificar la importancia de un mayor conocimiento del contexto cultural que tiene lugar al interior de la educación superior, y una mejor comprensión de las implicaciones que las diferencias disciplinarias tienen en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje; dar cuenta de algunos hallazgos de incursiones de la investigación empírica a este respecto; y cerrar enmarcando los aportes concretos de este ejercicio dentro de una eminente preocupación por encontrar nuevas formas de articular la multiculturalidad; de integrar la diversidad que nos habita y nos estructura, y que forma parte de nuestras herencias y de nuestro presente cultural.Abstract:Just like school does in a general sense, higher education creates a privileged setting for collecting evidences of the sociocultural nature of thinking. Grounded in Vygotsky’s explorations and extended by his colleagues, the sociocultural perspective establishes that our thinking in a broad sense, and higher psychological functioning in particular, are by definition culturally mediated; and that there is no other way than to be culturally situated when taking action, usually following patterns accepted by the social group to which one belongs (mediated action. Parting from those statements, this essay attempts to justify the importance of a

  20. Para una epidemiología sociocultural en el estudio del cáncer cervicouterino: experiencias de investigación

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    Patricia Aranda G.; Ma. del Carmen Castro V.

    2008-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a la discusión en torno a la construcción de una epidemiología sociocultural a partir del análisis de seis investigaciones realizadas en el Programa Salud y Sociedad de El Colegio de Sonora durante los últimos diez años. Todas ellas estudian aspectos relacionados con la prevención y detección oportuna del cáncer cervicouterino desde diferentes ángulos y perspectivas. La revisión de estas experiencias nos invita a distinguir diversos acercamientos entr...

  1. Abordagem sociocultural: algumas vertentes e autores Sociocultural approach: some perspectives and authors

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    Adriana Ferreira Paes Ribas

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available A necessidade de enfocar aspectos socioculturais nas investigações em psicologia tem sido destacada por diferentes autores, em diferentes épocas, e a abordagem sociocultural representa uma fonte conceitual proveitosa neste sentido. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir algumas idéias centrais da abordagem sociocultural, mudanças pelas quais esta abordagem passou nas últimas décadas, algumas de suas vertentes e autores. Os conceitos aqui discutidos não esgotam o tema, mas podem ser úteis para tentativas de articular investigações de diferentes temas em psicologia à abordagem sociocultural. As considerações finais apontam no sentido da necessidade de incluir as investigações em psicologia em um cenário conceitual que considere a cultura e o contexto social como elementos centrais, articulando as contribuições da psicologia transcultural e da cultura.The need to approach sociocultural aspects in psychological investigations has been emphasized by different authors in different times, and the sociocultural approach represents a profitable conceptual source in this sense. The purpose of this article was to discuss some concepts of the sociocultural approach, changes by which this approach went through last decades, some of their perspectives and authors. The concepts here discussed can be useful in the attempts to articulate psychological investigations in a sociocultural approach. The conclusions point to the need of including the investigations in psychology into a conceptual approach that considers the culture and the social context as central elements, articulating the contributions of the cross-cultural psychology, and of the culture.

  2. Profesionales de Orientación y la perspectiva de género en Costa Rica

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    Cecilia Villarreal Montoya

    2001-01-01

    Este artículo presenta los resultados de unainvestigación cualitativa, realizada con un grupo de pro-fesionales de Orientación en servicio, sobre los alcancesde la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en el que-hacer orientador.La condición de género hace referencia y cuestiona ladeterminación política, económica y sociocultural parael ser mujer-femenina y hombre-masculino, y además re-plantea las relaciones e interpretaciones inter e intrage-néricas en la convivencia humana. Estos aspec...

  3. La precarización del trabajo desde una perspectiva sociocultural en un contexto fronterizo

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    Marlene Solís

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza la conformación del mercado de trabajo de la industria del vestido en Tijuana; se identifican los factores estructurales generadores de precariedad y, según las vivencias respecto a ella, se reconstruyen perfiles distintos de los y las trabajadoras. El objetivo de esta propuesta analítica es mostrar la manera en que se entrelazan las escalas micro, meso y macrosocial reproduciendo o produciendo las condiciones de precariedad que prevalecen en los empleos de la industria de la confección en Tijuana. Para interpretar la experiencia de la precariedad, se aborda su dimensión sociocultural, al darle un papel central a los significados que le otorgan las personas al trabajo.

  4. Artefactos, Artilugios y Artimañas en Arquitectura : una cartografía de relaciones a lo largo del siglo XX

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    Mejías Villatoro, Francisco José

    2016-01-01

    Esta tesis rastrea la manera particular en la que los conceptos de artefacto, artilugio y artimaña han sucedido a lo largo del siglo XX. Esto es importante pues estos conceptos están estrechamente ligados al nivel de confianza que nos suscita el entorno construido, hecho que es crucial para el trabajo de un arquitecto. Se eligió el siglo XX, porque en él, estos tres conceptos han sucedido de una manera particular. Si históricamente, desde la antigua Grecia hasta el siglo XIX, era frecuente en...

  5. Auditoría energética de las instalaciones de la empresa ecuatoriana de artefactos S.A. “ECASA”

    OpenAIRE

    Cárdenas Ayala, Byron Mauricio

    2017-01-01

    Este proyecto realiza una auditoría energética en la empresa Ecuatoriana de Artefactos S.A. ECASA, que fabrica electrodomésticos de línea blanca. Se elabora una línea base del consumo energético actual por unidad producida, se identifican las oportunidades de mejora y se propone la ejecución de las mejoras con cero y bajo costo de implementación. Se entrega un plan de verificación de la implementación de las medidas propuestas. Se inicia el proceso con una evaluación sin mediciones para iden...

  6. Un análisis sociocultural sobre la maternidad y el aborto en la literatura argentina reciente

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    Julieta Astorino, Lucas Saporosi y Eugenia Zicavo

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Entendiendo que se habla de la maternidad y el aborto desde una pluralidad de discursos, el presente artículo se propone analizar, desde una perspectiva sociocultural, las representaciones sobre la maternidad y la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo presentes en la literatura de ficción argentina durante el trienio 2006-2009. A partir del análisis de una serie de textos literarios seleccionados, se busca indagar los vínculos entre la construcción de la maternidad como relación social y la literatura, en tanto espacio de confluencia de diversos discursos sociales que se resignifican en los diferentes campos en los que circulan. Considering that motherhood and abortion are addressed from a plurality of discourses, this article analyzes different representations about motherhood and abortion in Argentinian fiction from the triennium 2006-2009, from a sociocultural perspective. From the analysis of a number of selected literary texts, the article seeks to investigate the links between the construction of maternity as a social relationship and literature, as a space of confluence of diverse social discourses, which are resignified in different fields of circulation.

  7. EL CARÁCTER SOCIOCULTURAL DE LA ENSEÑANZA EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Obregón Rodríguez

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Como la escuela en general, el ámbito de la educación superior también nos ofrece un escenario privilegiado para recabar evidencias del carácter sociocultural del pensamiento. Fundada en las exploraciones de Vigotzky y expandida por sus seguidores, la perspectiva sociocultural establece que nuestro pensamiento en general, y las funciones mentales superiores en particular, están por definición culturalmente mediados; y que no hay forma de no estar culturalmente situados cuando llevamos a cabo una acción, usualmente acorde con los patrones aceptados por el grupo social al que se pertenece (acción mediada. A partir de estas aseveraciones, este ensayo intenta justificar la importancia de un mayor conocimiento del contexto cultural que tiene lugar al interior de la educación superior, y una mejor comprensión de las implicaciones que las diferencias disciplinarias tienen en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje; dar cuenta de algunos hallazgos de incursiones de la investigación empírica a este respecto; y cerrar enmarcando los aportes concretos de este ejercicio dentro de una eminente preocupación por encontrar nuevas formas de articular la multiculturalidad; de integrar la diversidad que nos habita y nos estructura, y que forma parte de nuestras herencias y de nuestro presente cultural.

  8. Socio-Cultural Factors and International Competitiveness

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Madara Apsalone

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Socio-cultural factors – shared values, norms and attitudes are significant, but less acknowledged sources of international competitiveness. Previous studies have found socio-cultural factors positively affecting various aspects of international competitiveness – entrepreneurship, innovation, productivity and international cooperation. These factors are more sustainable and less affected by external environment changes in comparison with the traditional factors. Socio-cultural factors provide an opportunity to develop competitiveness strategies based on unique advantages. This research aims to explore the impact of socio-cultural factors on international competiveness in small, open economies. Analysing relationship between 400 socio-cultural indicators and competitiveness indicators such as productivity, economic development, business and government efficiency, innovation capacity and infrastructure in 37 countries, six socio-cultural factors have emerged: Collectivism and Hierarchy; Future, Cooperation and Performance Orientation, Self-expression, Monochronism and Rationality, Economic Orientation and Social structure. The first factor – Collectivism and Hierarchy – tends to reduce the international competitiveness; the other five affect it positively.

  9. Etnomatemática de um artefacto de latoaria do nordeste transmontano português: a almotolia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paula Catarino

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo damos especial ênfase às matemáticas envolvidas na almotolia – artefacto de latoaria – ao procurarmos contribuir para a valorização, divulgação e preservação de uma das mais antigas artes e ofícios tradicionais – o latoeiro – da região portuguesa de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. Desenvolvemos um estudo sobre saberes (etnomatemáticos envolvidos nos processos de construção da almotolia, apoiados em entrevistas semiestruturadas a cinco latoeiros desta região e em pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, com recurso à observação participante. Identificamos a utilização de geometria elementar. Com os resultados obtidos é possível criar tarefas matemáticas envolvendo os processos de contrução da almotolia para o ensino básico português (6 a 15 anos.

  10. El TAS y su versatilidad para estudiar el desarrollo de conceptos en música desde una perspectiva microgenética

    OpenAIRE

    Valles, Mónica Leonor

    2014-01-01

    La perspectiva teórica sobre el desarrollo propuesta por Vigotsky hace poco más de un siglo, y que resulta relevante aún en nuestros días, consideraba que las diversas fuerzas del desarrollo operan en los diferentes dominios genéticos y que sin la intervención del análisis genético quedan sin explicar una multitud de procesos interiores y sus dinámicas causales. Entendía al ser humano como el producto de tres líneas de desarrollo: la filogenética, la sociocultural y la ontogenética, aunque ta...

  11. Abordagem da imagem em um livro didático voltado para a alfabetização: perspectivas de letramento visual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trícia Tamara Boeira do Amaral

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Em vista da grande multiplicidade de linguagens e considerando que a alfabetização é uma importante prática de letramento na constituição da criança, este artigo tem o objetivo de identificar o tipo de abordagem dado à imagem em um livro didático do 1º ano (EF, aprovado pelo PNLD (2010. O intuito é discutir em que medida a amostra analisada favorece uma leitura compreensiva e crítica do texto imagético. Para tanto, as ponderações foram realizadas por meio de uma epistemologia interpretativa, à luz da teoria dos letramentos sob uma perspectiva sociocultural, e também a partir da sintaxe da linguagem visual, que pode trazer uma contribuição positiva às análises discursivas visuais. A pesquisa indica que a imagem é proposta a partir de perspectivas socioculturais; que as atividades de leitura favorecem o letramento visual e que a condução do professor pode fazer diferença nas abordagens e leituras.

  12. Processos de significação na relação professor-alunos: uma perspectiva sociocultural construtivista Meaning processes in the relationship teacher-students: a sociocultural and constructivist point of view

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Carmen Villela Rosa Tacca

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo consideramos que o fracasso escolar é um fenômeno persistente que exige análises empíricas e teóricas acerca dos processos de significação envolvidos na dinâmica das interações professor-aluno relacionados com as relações ensino-aprendizagem. Com base na abordagem sociocultural construtivista, o estudo analisa a interação de fatores socioculturais com a participação ativa do indivíduo, destacando a unidade cognição-afeto. Os processos interativos atuam como mobilizadores da construção do conhecimento ao longo de convergências e divergências nas interações, especialmente nas negociações quanto aos objetivos e desenvolvimento de atividades pedagógicas. Duas turmas de segunda série do ensino fundamental foram investigadas, sendo destacados os resultados de análises microgenéticas das interações, que apontaram para crenças e estratégias comunicativas e metacomunicativas que podem favorecer ou dificultar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A conclusão aponta para o fato dos processos de significação estarem apoiados na metacomunicação e na unidade cognição-afeto, que direcionam as possibilidades de aprendizagem.School failure consists of a persistent problem in our educational system. This paper aims at contributing to understand the issue by presenting and theoretically discussing empirical data concerning the dynamics of teacher-students interactions. We draw our analysis on a constructivist sociocultural theoretical framework, which stresses the interactions between sociocultural factors and human agency, claiming for the unison, intertwined nature of affect and cognition. Interactive processes lie at the basis of knowledge construction, which takes place along convergent and divergent interaction frames, particularly during negotiations about goals and rules for educational activities. Two second-grade classrooms were investigated, the results of microgenetic analysis being especially

  13. Extending Sociocultural Theory to Group Creativity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sawyer, Keith

    2012-01-01

    Sociocultural theory focuses on group processes through time, and argues that group phenomena cannot be reduced to explanation in terms of the mental states or actions of the participating individuals. This makes sociocultural theory particularly useful in the analysis of group creativity and group learning, because both group creativity and group…

  14. THE WORLD VIEW, IDENTITY AND SOCIOCULTUR HOMEOSTASIS

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    Marina Yur’evna Neronova

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents the relationship between the phenomenon of world view and sociocultural identity both individuals and the community as a whole. The research is being carried out in the context of current crisis of world view accepted in so-called art Nouveau era. This paper also presents the identity crisis typical for modern civilized societies. A new notion of sociocultural homeostasis is introduced in connection with analyzable phenomena and their mutual relations.Purpose. Study of the relationship between the phenomenon of the world view and sociocultural identity as a structural and functional mechanism.Methodology. Phenomenological and systematic methods with the elements of historical method were employed. Cultural analysis is based on using both axiological and phenomenological approach, and also the elements of semiotic approach.Results. The dependence of identity on the world view is revealed (or is being revealed?, the phenomenon of sociocultural homeostasis is singled out (or is being singled out in the capacity of the mechanism setting up the correspondence in the contradictory unity between the world view as a subjective image and concrete reality as an objective part of this contradictory. The analysis of sociocultural homeostasis is carried out (or is being carried out and the conclusion is being drown that instability of the latter leads to serious problems in the identification of both individuals and communities as a whole. Besides, (moreover the relationship between the legitimacy level of the world view and stability of sociocultural homeostasis is established. (is being established.Practical implications: the system of education.

  15. Artefactos de la cultura organizacional y su efecto sobre la adopción de prácticas compasivas en una organización prestadora de servicios de salud

    OpenAIRE

    Amaya Espitia, Marysella; Salcedo Díaz, Wilmer

    2017-01-01

    La compasión en las organizaciones y sus determinantes son un tema de investigación que aún se encuentra poco desarrollado, en consecuencia, se realizó un estudio con una muestra de 112 empleados en una organización prestadora de servicios de salud en la ciudad de Bogotá. Para lograr dicho objetivo, se administró el cuestionario de Artefactos de la Cultura Organizacional OCSA y el cuestionario de Prácticas Organizacionales Compasivas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la cultura organizac...

  16. Residents’ Attitude toward Tourism Development: A Sociocultural Perspective

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    Sajad Ebrahimi Meimand

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Host population support for tourism development has attracted the attention of researchers in tourism studies. Given the importance of understanding local community support for tourism development, limitations in understanding their priority and lack of a socio-cultural model of support for tourism, this study attempted to model locals’ support for tourism development based on socio-cultural factors in Malaysian Homestay program. Using extensive literature review, a tourism support model was proposed including several hypothesized paths. The proposed socio-cultural research framework predicted the impact of Islamic religiosity, locals’ knowledge about tourism, intrinsic motivation factors and community attachment on locals support for tourism development through mediating variables of perceived socio-cultural benefits and costs in Malaysian Homestays. , the model and paths were tested using structural equation modelling and partial least square algorithm (PLS-SEM with the aid of SmartPLS software. Findings reveal that locals’ support for tourism development in Homestay program is a function of perceived socio-cultural benefits and costs perceived by local community and four independent variables of Islamic religiosity, knowledge about tourism, intrinsic motivations, and community attachment.

  17. Socio-Cultural Perspectives on Causes and Intervention Strategies

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    AJRH Managing Editor

    Ngezi exclusively rely on socio-cultural intervention strategies to solve the problem of male infertility. ... infertility which integrates the socio-cultural perspectives in policy and programming, if ..... out that the concept of using traditional medicine.

  18. Profesionales de Orientación y la perspectiva de género en Costa Rica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecilia Villarreal Montoya

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de unainvestigación cualitativa, realizada con un grupo de pro-fesionales de Orientación en servicio, sobre los alcancesde la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en el que-hacer orientador.La condición de género hace referencia y cuestiona ladeterminación política, económica y sociocultural parael ser mujer-femenina y hombre-masculino, y además re-plantea las relaciones e interpretaciones inter e intrage-néricas en la convivencia humana. Estos aspectos nopueden dejarse por fuera en la intervención orientadoraque busca la clarificación y el replanteamiento del senti-do de vida como una tarea del desarrollo humano.El grupo de profesionales, que participa con sus reflexio-nes y experiencias laborales, concuerda en la necesidadde tomar en cuenta la realidad genérica de las poblacio-nes con que trabajan. En su mayoría, muestran claridaden cuanto a los conceptos género, inequidad genérica,igualdad de oportunidades, y además desean conocermás sobre la implementación de la perspectiva de géneroen la acción profesional.Los resultados de esta investigación, sin duda alguna,son un insumo importante para realimentar la forma-ción y la actualización de profesionales en este campo

  19. Treating Women with Bulimia from a Sociocultural Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hotelling, Kathy

    1986-01-01

    Outlines a sociocultural perspective of bulimia. Notes that since bulimia occurs in a sociocultural context, which includes a socialized developmental path with concomittant norms and values, effective treatment must address those norms and values. Recommends group therapy. (ABB)

  20. Students’ Socio-cultural Competence Development, Using English and Russian Phraseological Units

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    Umit I. Kopzhasarova

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available The article deals with the problem of socio-cultural competence development on the basis of using English and Russian phraseological units. The authors specify the essence of the socio-cultural competence, define socio-cultural component of foreign language teaching. The authors justify their viewpoint that phraseological units, being the most valuable source of cultural information, exposing background knowledge and culture specific vocabulary, are the effective means of socio-cultural competence development. The set of exercises on socio-cultural competence development on the material of English and Russian phraseological units, developed by authors, include language and speech tasks; tasks based on project and creative research activity methods, which are the basis of development of the main socio-cultural skills that are necessary in intercultural communication

  1. Intersticios de sociabilidad : una autoetnografía del consumo de TIC

    OpenAIRE

    Espinosa Zepeda, Horacio

    2007-01-01

    La perspectiva autoetnográfica es una metodología relativamente novedosa en las Ciencias Sociales, deudora de nociones como la de “Conocimiento Situado” (Haraway, 1991). Para los estudios sociales sobre ciencia y tecnología, representa la oportunidad de un acercamiento al contexto socio-histórico de apropiación de los artefactos tecnológicos, desde la mirada subjetivada de los propios actores que interactúan con las TIC. En este artículo, me constituyo como mi propio objeto de estudio, reflex...

  2. Connecting sociocultural theory and educational practice : Galperin's approach

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Arievitch, I.M.; Haenen, J.P.P.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/070566135

    2005-01-01

    Learning and instruction have always been important topics in the sociocultural school of thought founded by Vygotsky and further developed by his followers. Taking sociocultural ideas as a starting point, Piotr Galperin developed an original conceptual system and a new method of investigation that

  3. The Sociocultural Contexts of Learning in the Workplace.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bierema, Laura L.

    2002-01-01

    Outlines demographic dimensions of the work force: aging, gender, race, sexual orientation, immigration, language, religion. Suggests a workplace pedagogy that is sensitive to sociocultural context and includes the concept of workplace learning as a lifelong process, socioculturally sensitive policies, equal opportunity development, and diversity…

  4. Sociocultural Theory and its Role in the Development of Language Pedagogy

    OpenAIRE

    Abdul Hameed Panhwar; Sanaullah Ansari; Komal Ansari

    2016-01-01

    This paper reviews the literature on Vygotskian theory of Socio-cultural learning and constructivist approach to teaching and learning and attempts to relate the socio-cultural theory to constructivism. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the ways socio-cultural theory helps to develop language pedagogies. Critical analysis of the literature on the socio-cultural theory suggests that the theory has potential for forming new context-oriented language teaching-learning pedagogies which c...

  5. PROSPECTIVE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ FOREIGN LANGUAGE SOCIOCULTURAL COMPETENCE: MONITORING PRINCIPLES

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    Olena Ishutina

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available The paper substantiates the necessity and importance of the organization of prospective primary school teachers’ foreign language sociocultural competence monitoring in the educational process of high school. The author notes that prospective primary school teachers’ foreign language sociocultural competence is inseparably linked with linguomethodological competence. It is proved that the measurement of foreign language sociocultural competence of primary school foreign language teachers should be performed in the process of lingvomethodological training of the students as lingvomethodological competence occupies a dominant place and is a unifying and a backbone for other competencies of the future teacher’s professiogram. In this regard, the concept of “foreign language sociocultural competence of prospective primary school teacher” is clarified, the essence of lingvomethodological monitoring of foreign language sociocultural competence is revealed. It is emphasized that linguistic disciplines (“The practice of oral and written language”, “Practical grammar of a foreign language”, “Practical phonetics of a foreign language”, etc. and linguomethodological courses (“Methods of teaching English at primary school”, “ICT in learning foreign languages”, “Innovative technologies of learning foreign languages”, etc. play very important role in forming “foreign language sociocultural competence of prospective primary school teacher”. Specific principles of lingvomethodological monitoring of foreign language sociocultural competence are identified and characterized. They are complexity, lingvomethodological orientation, validity, multi-vector monitoring procedures.

  6. El enfoque sociocultural en el diseño y construcción de una comunidad de aprendizaje (THE SOCIOCULTURAL APPROACH IN THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A LEARNING COMMUNITY

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    Rodríguez Arocho Wanda C.

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:Los conceptos de comunidad de práctica y comunidad de aprendizaje se utilizan cada vez más en contextos educativos, muchas veces de forma indiferenciada. En este trabajo ubicamos ambas nociones en el contexto de los acercamientos socioculturales al aprendizaje y examinamos sus fundamentos. Luego, analizamos cada concepto y discutimos su aplicación en el ejemplo de una comunidad de aprendizaje concreta que fue concebida para construir colaborativamente intereses, conocimientos y destrezas en investigación desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria en jóvenes de escuela secundaria. Concluimos con algunas reflexiones con respecto a los logros y dificultades del proyecto.Abstract:The concepts community of practice and community of learning are increasingly used in educational contexts, many times in undifferentiated ways. In this work we place both concepts in the contexts of sociocultural approaches to learning and examine their backgrounds. We proceed to analyze each concept and to discuss their application trough the example of a specific learning community designed to the collaborative construction of the interests, knowledge and skills needed to conduct scientific research from an interdisciplinary perspective amonghigh school students. We conclude with some reflections on the accomplishments and difficulties confronted in the project.

  7. Sociocultural Theory and Its Role in the Development of Language Pedagogy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Panhwar, Abdul Hameed; Ansari, Sanaullah; Ansari, Komal

    2016-01-01

    This paper reviews the literature on Vygotskian theory of Socio-cultural learning and constructivist approach to teaching and learning and attempts to relate the socio-cultural theory to constructivism. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the ways socio-cultural theory helps to develop language pedagogies. Critical analysis of the…

  8. Sociocultural Theory and its Role in the Development of Language Pedagogy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdul Hameed Panhwar

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available This paper reviews the literature on Vygotskian theory of Socio-cultural learning and constructivist approach to teaching and learning and attempts to relate the socio-cultural theory to constructivism. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the ways socio-cultural theory helps to develop language pedagogies. Critical analysis of the literature on the socio-cultural theory suggests that the theory has potential for forming new context-oriented language teaching-learning pedagogies which can help teachers in maximising the effectiveness of their teaching and their student’s learning. The review further suggests that the language pedagogies and activities developed from the sociocultural theory of Vygotsky may not only improve students’ language skills, but it also has potential to develop students’ cognition. Since theory promotes more and more communication of students with each other through scaffolding, that is, the Zone of Proximal development (ZPD in Vygotsky’s language. Thus, the theory directly points towards the promotion of student-centred learning by establishing learner autonomy. Keywords: socio-cultural theory, language, constructivism, pedagogies, students

  9. Socio-cultural impacts of contemporary tourism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jovicić, Dobrica

    2011-06-01

    The topic of the paper is devoted to analysis of socio-cultural impacts of tourism, as effects on the people of host communities resulting from their direct and indirect associations with tourists. The social and cultural impacts of tourism are the ways in which tourism is contributing to changes in value systems, individual behavior, family structure and relationships, collective lifestyles, safety levels, moral conduct, traditional ceremonies and community organizations. Special attention is devoted to considering complexity of tourists/host interrelationships and discussing the techniques for appraisal of quality and quantity of socio-cultural changes which tourism provokes in local communities.

  10. The Subjectivity of the Translator and Socio-Cultural Norms

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pei, Denghua

    2010-01-01

    This thesis attempts to probe into the dialectical relationship between the subjectivity of the translator and socio-cultural norms. The socio-cultural norms inevitably regulate the translator's translating activity, as acceptability of the translated text is the primary concern of most translators. However, this does not mean that the…

  11. Sociocultural Behavior Research and Engineering in the Department of Defense Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-09-01

    sponsored by the Incisive Analysis Office is Socio-cultural Content in Language ( SCIL ). SCIL explores and develops novel designs, algorithms, methods...to meet the grand challenge of shaping the future force. DLO and programs such as IARPA’s SCIL are important for addressing persisting gaps in...programs conducting research relevant to building defense-related capabilities in sociocultural behavior. The Socio-Cultural Content in Language ( SCIL

  12. Niveles de conciencia. Perspectiva socio-cultural

    OpenAIRE

    Álvarez Munarriz, Luis

    2006-01-01

    En Esta Contribución Se Aborda El Tema De La Conciencia Desde Un Punto De Vistasociocultural. Se Propone Un Modelo Cuya Categoría Central Es La De Nivel Deconciencia. Seguidamente Se Exponen Cuatro Niveles Que Se Consideranfundamentales Para Avanzar En El Conocimiento Del Papel Que La Conciencia Tieneen La Vida De Las Personas.

  13. Residents’ Attitude toward Tourism Development: A Sociocultural Perspective

    OpenAIRE

    Sajad Ebrahimi Meimand; Zainab Khalifah; Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas; Abbas Mardani; Amir Abbas Najafipour; Ungku Norulkamar Ungku Ahmad

    2017-01-01

    Host population support for tourism development has attracted the attention of researchers in tourism studies. Given the importance of understanding local community support for tourism development, limitations in understanding their priority and lack of a socio-cultural model of support for tourism, this study attempted to model locals’ support for tourism development based on socio-cultural factors in Malaysian Homestay program. Using extensive literature review, a tourism support model was ...

  14. DIRECTRICES PARA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE ARTEFACTOS DE PERSISTENCIA EN EL PROCESO DE DESARROLLO DE SOFTWARE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Bernardo Quintero

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available El almacenamiento de datos es uno de los procesos que se halla en casi la totalidad de los sistemas de información. El tratamiento que se les da a las bases de datos durante el desarrollo de software resulta un factor determinante para el buen desempeño de un sistema. La acelerada evolución tecnológica y el desarrollo de la industria del software han conducido al surgimiento de diversas estrategias de modelado y numerosas técnicas de acceso a datos. En este trabajo se precisan los referentes conceptuales y prácticos para la construcción de los productos relacionados con las bases de datos, el acceso a estas y el tratamiento que se les da en la industria a los llamados artefactos de persistencia.Data storage is a process required in almost every information system nowadays; the treatment given to databases during the software development can be a determining factor in order to achieve good performance of a resulting system. The accelerated technological evolution and the progress of the software enterprises have given rise to diverse modeling strategies and several data access techniques. This work explains the practical and conceptual references for the construction of products related to databases, the access techniques to them and the handling that so-called persistence artifacts have at an industrial level.

  15. Masaccio y la perspectiva matemática

    OpenAIRE

    Casalderrey, Martín

    2010-01-01

    En esta enumeración de Alberti, aparece el núcleo de artistas,todos amigos entre sí, que revolucionaron la concepción del arte en el primer renacimiento. Y si hay algo que caracteriza ese periodo en lo que respecta al arte y las matemáticas es la invención de la perspectiva artificialis, o perspectiva matemática.

  16. FEMALE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT: AN INTERNATIONAL ANALYSIS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Urbano Pulido

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available In this article we analyse the socio-cultural factors that influence the likelihood of women becoming social entrepreneurs, using institutional economics. Binary logistic regression has been applied as the statistical method to test the hypotheses proposed, using data (40 countries and 56,875 individuals from the World Value Survey (WVS and the World Bank (WB. The main findings of the study reaffirm the relevance of socio-cultural factors to social entrepreneurship. Particularly, we have found that altruistic attitudes and being a member of a social organization are the most relevant socio-cultural factors for social female entrepreneurship.

  17. The Effectiveness of Urban Green Spaces and Socio-Cultural Facilities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mehmet Faruk Altunkasa

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available This paper aims to develop a theoretical approach for mapping and determining the effectiveness of green spaces and socio-cultural facilities as providers of urban ecosystem services and urban services in the case of Adana, Turkey. Firstly, green spaces and socio-cultural facilities per capita have been determined and indexed for the neighbourhoods in the city. Then, a distance-based method for estimating the effectiveness of these facilities was used. The distances between the various neighbourhoods and between a given facility and the farthest threshold have been measured and these values have been used to determine the facility effectiveness change value for each neighbourhood. Then, effective values have been calculated and indexed by incorporating the green space and socio-cultural facility values and the effectiveness change values for the neighbourhoods. Finally, point-based effective green spaces and socio-cultural facilities index values have been converted to continuous surface values in a GIS (geographic information system environment in order to utilize as a base map for urban physical planning purposes. According to the outcomes of this study, the distribution of green spaces and socio-cultural facilities of the neighbourhoods are imbalanced and index values of these facilities range in between 45 and 84 out of 100.

  18. Victoria's dirty secret: how sociocultural norms influence adolescent girls and women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strahan, Erin J; Lafrance, Adèle; Wilson, Anne E; Ethier, Nicole; Spencer, Steven J; Zanna, Mark P

    2008-02-01

    The present studies tested whether the salience of sociocultural norms for ideal appearance leads women to base their self-worth more strongly on appearance, which in turn leads them to feel more concerned with others' perceptions and less satisfied with their bodies. Study 1 tested this model by manipulating the salience of the sociocultural norm among female university students. The model was supported. In Study 2 an intervention challenging the legitimacy of the sociocultural norm was delivered to female and male adolescents. Compared to controls, females who received this intervention were less accepting of the sociocultural norms for appearance, based their self-worth less strongly on appearance, and in turn were less concerned with others' perceptions and were more satisfied with their bodies. The implications for women are discussed.

  19. Reflexiones sobre las nuevas redefiniciones en torno al cuerpo desde la perspectiva de género

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nubia Amparo Rubio Moreno

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Partiendo de la premisa de que la existencia es en primer término corporal, el objetivo del artículo se centra en analizar desde distintas miradas la temá - tica del cuerpo. Teniendo en cuenta que lo que el hombre pone en juego en el terreno de lo físico tiene origen en un conjunto de sistemas simbólicos, los cuales tienen lugar en la cultura a la que se pertenece. Dichos símbolos transmiten valores y resignifican la acción social del individuo y de la sociedad en la cual está inmerso. Desde esta nueva perspectiva, aparece la categoría: cuerpo , como motivo de reflexión sociocultural, bajo los parámetros de la transición a la modernidad, en los cuales la transdisciplinariedad y la com - plejidad se convierten en los avales para que el cuerpo adquiera un nuevo significado, en el que se pueden observar, con nuevas miradas, los procesos sexo-genéricos que se viven en el mundo contemporáneo.

  20. Beyond Normativity in Sociocultural Reproduction and Sociocultural Transformation: Curriculum Work--Leadership within an Evolving Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ylimaki, Rose M.; Fetman, Lisa J.; Matyjasik, Erin; Brunderman, Lynnette; Uljens, Michael

    2017-01-01

    Background: The purpose of this article is to examine the contributions, gaps, and normativity problems in mainstream sociocultural theories, curriculum theory, and educational leadership studies, considering reflective education theories that provide a less normative alternative. Framework: Our framework introduces reflective education for social…

  1. Environmental Argumentation as Sociocultural Activity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Oliveira, Alandeom W.; Akerson, Valarie L.; Oldfield, Martha

    2012-01-01

    While environmental argumentation has recently received much attention from science educators, little consideration has been given to how personal identities and social relationships can either support or constrain student argumentation. This study attends to this issue by examining environmental argumentation as a sociocultural activity (how…

  2. Sociocultural adjustment among sojourning Malaysian students in Britain: a replication and path analytic extension.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Swami, Viren; Arteche, Adriane; Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas; Furnham, Adrian

    2010-01-01

    The present study examined the sociocultural adjustment of 249 sojourning Malaysian undergraduates in Britain. One-hundred and ten Malay and 139 Chinese students enrolled in various courses answered a self-report questionnaire that examined various aspects of sociocultural adjustment and socio-demographics. Overall, Malay students reported significantly poorer sociocultural adjustment than Chinese students, as well as more negative outcomes on a range of predictors. Path analysis for the total sample showed that higher family income led to greater sociocultural adjustment, but partially because it led to more contact with host and conationals, better language proficiency, lower perceived cultural differences and less perceived discrimination. Moreover, participants with higher English proficiency were better adapted, but partially because they perceived less cultural differences as well as having more contact with host nationals. Additionally, individuals reporting better sociocultural adjustment also reported better health statuses. The same model was equally useful at predicting sociocultural adjustment for both Malay and Chinese participants. These results are discussed in terms of the role played by income in buffering against the negative aspects of sociocultural adjustment.

  3. Una revisión del diseño y la arquitectura a través de los artefactos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura González Díez

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available La obra de Deyan Sudjic, más que un diccionario al uso, es un análisis personal del mundo que nos rodea, en el que el autor narra con entusiasmo y subjetividad sus experiencias y pensamientos en torno al diseño, llegando a afirmar que “el diseño ayudará a crear mejores objetos y una sociedad más consciente”. El libro responde a una intención clara por parte de Sudjic de “hacer accesibles el diseño y la arquitectura más allá del gremio”, por ello trata de acercar al lector a objetos de uso cotidiano, que van desde una silla o un teclado a una cremallera, pasando por los coches que –según el autor– siempre han fascinado a los diseñadores y considera que “examinar de cerca un coche nos dice mucho sobre nuestra manera de vivir, sobre cómo hacemos las cosas y sobre nosotros mismos. No es arte, pero es el mayor logro del diseño, el artefacto que reúne más concentración de talento diseñador por centímetro cuadrado”.

  4. Modelo didáctico de la comprensión de textos escritos desde una perspectiva lingüistico-pedagógica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Odalis Lorié Gonz.ález

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Se aborda un modelo didáctico de la comprensión de textos escritos desde una perspectiva lingüfstico-pedagógica. Se concibe a\tpartir de la preparación de los estudiantes de primer año inicial de la carrera Licenciatura en Educación Primaria, favoreciendo el desarrollo de modos de actuación profesional. Se destacanlas relaciones dialécticas que se establecen entre: la dimensión desciframiento de significados. la dimensión de orientación y la dimensión de intervención metodológica, cuyo referente teórico es el Enfoque Histórico - Culturalde Vigotsky y sus seguidores, con énfasis en la Zona de Desarrollo Próximo, y el Enfoque Cognitivo Comunicativo y Sociocultura,l de Angeilna Roméu Escobar que se fundamenta en la Lingüistica Textual.

  5. Traditional & Socio-Cultural Barriers to EFL Learning: A Case Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahmad, Jameel

    2015-01-01

    This research tends to ascertain several traditional and socio-cultural barriers to English language learning in Saudi Arabia and to explore more ways than before for making teaching and learning more effective. The findings of four quantitative and qualitative surveys conducted in this regard reveal a unique traditional and socio-cultural milieu,…

  6. SOCIO-CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON EFFECTIVE ENGLISH ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    JONATHAN

    Consequently, challenges abound in the teaching and learning of ... English in tertiary institutions in contemporary Nigeria, the influence of socio-cultural factors ... The English Language has been a crucial issue in the Nigerian education.

  7. Socio-cultural sustainability of pig production: Citizen perceptions in the Netherlands and Denmark

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Boogaard, B.K.; boekhorst, L.J.S.; Oosting, S.J.

    2011-01-01

    positive and six negative aspects on the farms for which they had to write a motivation. The qualitative analysis resulted in seven socio-cultural themes (SCT) of pig production namely: 1) meat production, 2) farm activities, 3) farm income, 4) animals, 5) housing system, 6) environment and nature, and 7......Many sustainability studies of animal production consider three pillars: the economic, environmental and socio-cultural. Farmers and animal scientists tend to put most emphasis on the economic and environmental pillar and largely ignore the socio-cultural pillar. Socio-cultural sustainability...... to gain further insights into socio-cultural sustainability of pig production. Many citizens may not know what contemporary pig production actually entails. To give people a real life experience with pig production, we conducted farm visits with citizen panels with 18 respondents in the Netherlands and 8...

  8. A velhice: algumas considerações teóricas e conceituais The old age: some theoretical and conceptual considerations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Lopes de Siqueira

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo procede-se ao exame de algumas obras que discutem o envelhecimento, buscando analisar as diferentes perspectivas de análise: na perspectiva "biológico/comportamentalista" discutem-se aqueles estudos que se ocupam do processo de envelhecimento fisiológico. Na perspectiva "economicista" analisa-se o impacto econômico do envelhecimento social, discutindo questões relativas à demanda por serviços de saúde e benefícios previdenciários. Na perspectiva "sociocultural", a velhice é entendida como uma construção social e se reflete sobre as possíveis formas de representações desta. A quarta perspectiva, "transdisciplinar", representa uma dimensão que se esforça em contemplar o conjunto dos aspectos (biológico, econômico, sociocultural apontados nas perspectivas anteriores. Considerando o grau de complexidade da realidade acerca da velhice e as dificuldades teóricas e metodológicas de contemplá-la na sua totalidade, este trabalho conclui por um impasse sobre qual seria a perspectiva mais apropriada para analisá-la, e aponta para a necessidade de se ampliar e aprofundar o debate sobre as implicações teóricas e práticas relativas de cada perspectiva.In this study, a discussion is accomplished on some papers concerning to the aging phenomenon, whereas looking for the identification of different analysis perspectives: on the "biological/behavioral" perspective are those studies fundamentally related to the physiologic aging process. The "economicist" perspective is focused on the economic impact of the social aging, by analyzing the matters related to the demand for health services and social welfare benefits. On the perspective of the "sociocultural" character, the old age is understood as a social construction, and the papers discuss the possible forms for its representation. The fourth perspective, "transdisciplinary", represents a dimension trying to contemplate a set of different-natured aspects (biological

  9. Jakarta socio-cultural ecology: a sustainable architecture concept in urban neighbourhood

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wijaksono, Sigit; Sasmoko; Indrianti, Y.; Widhoyoko, SA

    2017-12-01

    As a metropolitan city with densely populated and fast residential development Jakarta should be able to implement a concept that is Jakarta socio-cultural ecology Architecture as the basis of settlement development. The concept of Jakarta socio-cultural ecology architecture is characterized by residential development capabilities that reflect and express the indigenous culture, the settlements built by linking the social and economic activities of the people of Jakarta and the settlements built by maintaining the building with the value of existing heritage. The objectives of this research are 1) to find a relevant construct to housing condition in Jakarta which then called Jakarta socio-cultural ecology, and 2) to see the tendency of complex condition of Jakarta socio-cultural ecology settlement. This research uses Neuroresearch method, which is one of mix-method research method as a mixture research method between qualitative research (exploration) and quantitative research method (explanatory and confirmatory). The population of research as well as unit analysis are all settlements in Jakarta. Sampling technique using probability sampling that is with multistage sampling. The results show that nowadays the Jakarta residential complex tends to lead to socio-cultural ecology and rather reflects and expresses the indigenous culture, the residential complex in Jakarta tends to form the building has been linked fully with the social and economic activities of Jakarta society but tends to occasionally maintain buildings with existing heritage values. This study also found that indigenous culture is a significant determinant of the formation of the condition of Jakarta socio-cultural ecology.

  10. Socio-Cultural Factors and Intention towards Sustainable Entrepreneurship

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wei-Loon KOE

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available In order to rectify environmental degradation, government has encouraged sustainable management among businesses. In addition, researchers have also suggested a new breed of study called “sustainable entrepreneurship”, which links sustainability management to entrepreneurial activities. However, the participation of entrepreneurial firms in sustainability management is still far from satisfactory. Past studies also have found that SMEs are less active in sustainabilty initiatives and many issues related to the intention of firms for sustainability entrepreneurship is still unanswered. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the influence of socio-cultural factors on intention towards sustainable entrepreneurship among SMEs. A total of 404 SMEs in Malaysia were surveyed by using questionnaire. Based on the statistical analyses performed, this study found that three socio-cultural factors, namely time orientation, sustainability orientation and social norm significantly influenced intention towards sustainable entrepreneurship among SMEs. Thus, in order to develop true sustainable entrepreneurs in the country, the effects of non-economic factors such as socio-cultural factors should not be underestimated. Lastly, some recommendations for future researchers have also been put forth in this paper.

  11. Educating for Financial Literacy: A Case Study with a Sociocultural Lens

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sprow Forte, Karin

    2013-01-01

    This study explored the teaching and learning in an adult financial literacy education program aimed specifically at Latina single mothers to understand the influence of sociocultural factors in this setting. Informed by critical and Latina feminist sociocultural adult learning perspectives and the transtheoretical model of behavior change,…

  12. Risks in socio-cultural perspective

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kwee, S.L.

    1981-01-01

    An exposition is presented of the principles of a socio-cultural risk theory based on the statement 'Risk is structured uncertainty'. It deals with hazards of human behaviour, risk as a challenge, hazards in nature and in culture, in science and enterprise, to close with a few words on today's crisis and uncertainty. (Auth.)

  13. New approaches for the asessment and education of children under socio-cultural disadvantages

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alegría Majluf

    2003-06-01

    Full Text Available The present paper describes the traditional psychometric parameters thal don 't fit by workingwith children who suffer socio-cultural deprivation (or who are living under socio-cultural disadvantagesand the new assessment and education strategies for this population. Vygotsky's socio-cultural approach, that emphasizes the Zone of Proximal Development, and the Dynamic Assessment and the Mediated Learning developed by Feucrstein and complemented by Coll relatedwith the Significative Learning are stressed.

  14. Taking an active stance: How urban elementary students connect sociocultural experiences in learning science

    Science.gov (United States)

    Upadhyay, Bhaskar; Maruyama, Geoffrey; Albrecht, Nancy

    2017-12-01

    In this interpretive case study, we draw from sociocultural theory of learning and culturally relevant pedagogy to understand how urban students from nondominant groups leverage their sociocultural experiences. These experiences allow them to gain an empowering voice in influencing science content and activities and to work towards self-determining the sciences that are personally meaningful. Furthermore, tying sociocultural experiences with science learning helps generate sociopolitical awareness among students. We collected interview and observation data in an urban elementary classroom over one academic year to understand the value of urban students' sociocultural experiences in learning science and choosing science activities.

  15. Muscle Dysmorphia, Gender Role Stress, and Sociocultural Influences: An Exploratory Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Readdy, Tucker; Watkins, Patti Lou; Cardinal, Bradley J.

    2011-01-01

    Our study explored the contribution of gender role stress (GRS) and sociocultural appearance demands to symptoms of muscle dysmorphia (MD) in a college sample of 219 women and 154 men. For women, five GRS subscales, sociocultural appearance demands, age, and frequency of aerobic exercise predicted MD symptoms (model R[superscript 2] = 0.33;…

  16. Socio-cultural context of eating disorders in Poland.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pilecki, Maciej Wojciech; Sałapa, Kinga; Józefik, Barbara

    2016-01-01

    The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between sociocultural factors and clinical eating disorders during the intensive process of Westernisation in Poland that occurred after 1989. The study population included girls diagnosed with an eating disorder according to DSM-IV criteria (n = 47 anorexia nervosa restrictive type [ANR], n = 16 anorexia binge/purge type [ANBP], n = 34 bulimia nervosa [BN], n = 19 eating disorder not otherwise specified [EDNOS]) who received consultation for the first time between 2002 and 2004 in the Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland. The study included an age-matched normal control group [NOR] of 85 schoolgirls from Kraków. Relationships between two given qualitative features were investigated using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Correspondence analysis was applied to graphically explore the relationship. The Kruskal-Wallis test with the Bonferroni was performed to compare quantitative results across groups. Objective sociodemographic variables and responses to the 62-item Questionnaire of Socio-cultural Context were measured. The mothers of ANBP and BN patients were less professionally active than mothers of ANR patients and NOR subjects. Subjective socio-cultural factors were more relevant for the BN group than the ANR group. Questionnaire responses in the ANBP group were more similar to those in the BN group than to those in the ANR group. The most unambiguous and specific characteristic of the ANR group was a sense of belonging to the middle class. Variables that differentiated the BN group from the NOR group included the importance attached to thinness treated as an expression of power and control over one's self, as well as a multifaceted negative evaluation of one's own family, including a negative assessment of the position of women and parental lack of concern for appearance and principles of nutrition. All patients, regardless

  17. Information Literacy in the 21st Century Multicultural Classroom: Using Sociocultural Literacy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blas, Elise A.

    2014-01-01

    Sociocultural literacy guides an instructor's pedagogy in the multicultural university classroom. By employing sociocultural literacy in the information literacy classroom, the instruction librarian can better teach students from all cultures including international students, first generation students, or students from a wide array of…

  18. Neoliberal Moral Economy: Capitalism, Socio-cultural Change and Fraud in Uganda

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ponte, Stefano

    2017-01-01

    Book review of: Neoliberal Moral Economy: Capitalism, Socio-Cultural Change & Fraud in Uganda by Jörg Wiegratz. London and New York, Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, 375 pp. ISBN 9781783488537.......Book review of: Neoliberal Moral Economy: Capitalism, Socio-Cultural Change & Fraud in Uganda by Jörg Wiegratz. London and New York, Rowman & Littlefield, 2016, 375 pp. ISBN 9781783488537....

  19. Out of our minds: a review of sociocultural cognition theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tenenberg, Josh; Knobelsdorf, Maria

    2014-01-01

    Theories of mind are implicitly embedded in educational research. The predominant theory of mind during the latter half of the twentieth century has focused primarily on the individual mind in isolation, context-free problem-solving and mental representations and reasoning, what we refer to as cognitivism. Over the last two decades, CS Education researchers have begun to incorporate recent research that extends, elaborates and sometimes challenges cognitivism. These theories, which we refer to collectively as sociocultural cognition theory, view minds as cultural products, biologically evolved to be extended by tools, social interaction and embodied interaction in the world. Learning, under this perspective, is viewed as tool-mediated participation in the ongoing practices of cultural communities. In this paper, we pursue three goals. First, we provide a summary of the key principles in sociocultural cognition theory, placing this theory within a historical context with respect to the cognitive theories that it extends and challenges. Second, we integrate across different but related research efforts that all fall under the sociocultural cognition umbrella, using a uniform terminology for describing ideas represented within different discourse communities. And third, we reference a number of canonical sources in sociocultural cognition theory so as to serve as an index into this diverse literature for those wanting to explore further.

  20. Local Residents’ Perceptions of Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism in Mangochi, Malawi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Felix G. BELLO

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to examine residents’ perceptions of the socio-cultural impacts of tourism in Mangochi, Malawi. This paper is based on results of a survey of 196 households together with ten key informant interviews. A concurrent triangulation mixed method was used to ensure well-validated and substantiated findings. The study findings indicate that local residents perceive specific positive and negative socio-cultural impacts of tourism in their community. Some of the positive sociocultural impacts of tourism include the provision of jobs; improved personal incomes; stimulation of the local economy and improved security in the destination area. However, the study also revealed two major negative socio-cultural impacts of tourism: the migration of people to the area in search of jobs; and the influence of Western visitors on local culture and “the way of life” of local people due to the demonstration effect. The paper indicates the degree to which local residents perceive different socio-cultural impacts of tourism development in an African local community setting. Therefore, the paper will assist tourism planners and local government in the planning and implementation of tourism development strategies for the area aiming at consolidating local residents’ support for tourism.

  1. Recolecta: estado actual y perspectivas

    OpenAIRE

    López Medina, Alicia

    2010-01-01

    Estado actual del Recolector de ciencia abierta español: Recolecta y proyectos de futuro. López Medina, A. (2010). Recolecta: estado actual y perspectivas. X Workshop Rebiun sobre proyectos digitales. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/8710.

  2. Anorexia Nervosa: Sociocultural Factors and Treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Williams, Jennifer

    This paper examines how the epidemiological findings of anorexia nervosa lead theorists to speculate a correlation between sociocultural factors and the development of anorexia nervosa. A section on the essential features of anorexia nervosa identifies five primary characteristics of anorexia: (1) severe weight loss; (2) a disturbance of body…

  3. Constructivism, Socioculturalism, and Popper's World 3.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bereiter, Carl

    1994-01-01

    Examines the concept of learning from both constructivist and sociocultural perspectives and introduces a third perspective based on K. R. Popper's philosophy of science. It is argued that constructivism cannot adequately account for the immaterial objects that Popper located in his World 3--abstract mathematical and scientific objects. (GLR)

  4. Sociocultural Factors and Bureaucratic Practices in Universities in Ghana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SOLOMON KOFI AMOAH

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Max Weber, one of the pioneers in bureaucratic organisational studies believes in the ultimate triumph of bureaucracy over the collegial culture of universities. This paper argues that rather than ultimate triumph of bureaucracy over the collegial culture of universities (Weber 1947, the interests of universities would be better served when the bureaucratic culture is designed to accommodate some core socio-cultural expectations of organizational members, without compromising productivity.  The research examined the implications of some selected sociocultural factors for bureaucratic practices in selected universities in Ghana through a mix method approach. The findings show that, the authority structures of the two universities typify the Weberian Ideal type bureaucracy with   hierarchical culture and standardized rules and procedures for carrying out every task. This notwithstanding, the societal culture was found to be influential in shaping the bureaucratic behaviour and conducts of organizations’ members. The paper aims at bringing to the fore the strength of the informal structures in reshaping bureaucratic culture and work behaviour, and the need to consider socio-cultural contexts in designing bureaucratic organizations.

  5. SOCIO-CULTURAL AND MEDICAL INDICATORS OF THE SCHOOLCHILDREN'S QUALITY OF LIFE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Slobodanka Bašić

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available An estimate of life quality is based upon medical, psychological and social indicators. It increasingly engages the attention of doctors of medicine, sociologists and psychologists.The aim of this research is to headlight some more relevant socio-cultural parametres in order to determine the quality of life of schoolchildren, that is, to determine whether the crisis in which our society has found itself has produced such socio-cultural conditions that could have induced changes in the children's quality of life and, if they have, to what extent the crisis has been reflected upon their health. The research has comprised 398 schoolchildren and their parents, three elementary schools from Nish and one in Sokobanja.The research of the socio-cultural and medical indicators of their quality of life has shown that the parent's education and ther material position have had an important influence upon the children's life quality.Since there has been no significant presence of any disease recorded in the observed children's sample, it can be concluded that the socio-cultural features have affected the children's life but they have not any significant impact upon their health.

  6. Grace under Fire: Sociocultural Competency Training.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Avery, Wayne W.; Bawtenheimer, Pat; Pearson, Hilary; Westwood, Dianne

    2001-01-01

    Employers want employees who can communicate effectively, work as part of a team, and think on their feet. To help students acquire these qualities, the faculty of health sciences and counseling at Vancouver Community College integrated a sociocultural training model into their human relations programs. Evaluations indicate that students'…

  7. Sociocultural Paradoxes and Issues in E-Learning Use in Higher Education Africa

    Science.gov (United States)

    Njenga, James Kariuki

    2018-01-01

    Sociocultural issues are major contributing factors in mass acceptance and effective use of technology. These issues are often perceived to contradict the benefits the technology brings about. E-learning use in higher education in Africa, as a technology, faces some sociocultural barriers that contradict its promise and benefits. This paper…

  8. Socio-cultural Issues for Sustainable Development in Africa ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Socio-cultural Issues for Sustainable Development in Africa. ... focal areas of sustainable development – social, economic and environmental factors. ... that designed a Sustainable Integrated Rural Development in Africa (SIRDA) programme.

  9. Sociocultural mediators of remembering

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Wagoner, Brady; Gillespie, Alex

    2014-01-01

    , questioning and deferring contribute to the transformation and conventionalization of the material. These diverse sociocultural mediators are integrated into a partially coherent recollection by participants self-reflecting, or as Bartlett termed it, turning around upon their schemas. We demonstrate...... that this self-reflection is both a social and a psychological process, occurring because participants are responding to their own utterances in the same way that they respond to the utterances of other people. These empirical findings are used to make a case for using discursive data to look not only...

  10. Sociocultural predictors of motor development of athletes from ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Sociocultural predictors of motor development of athletes from Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. ... variables as they influenced the athletes' motor skill development. The social situations, family and the schools were found to significantly ...

  11. Partner dependency and intimate partner abuse: A sociocultural grounding of spousal abuse in Ghana

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Adjei, Stephen Baffour

    2015-01-01

    While sociocultural scholarship has attempted an ecological explanation of intimate partner violence, it has largely been criticized for ignoring dispositional factors of both perpetrators and victims. Dependent personality and attachment-related emotional problems have been implicated in the ext......While sociocultural scholarship has attempted an ecological explanation of intimate partner violence, it has largely been criticized for ignoring dispositional factors of both perpetrators and victims. Dependent personality and attachment-related emotional problems have been implicated...... of dependency and attachment-related spousal violence as a form of a psychopathology. This article discusses partner dependency and jealousy-motivated spousal violence as socioculturally situated, dependent on contextual and relational conditions of meaning embedded in the communal society of Ghana....... It highlights Ghanaian communal personality, gendered socialization and meaning systems of marriage as salient sociocultural features for conceptualizing partner dependency and emotional-related spousal violence....

  12. Socio-cultural factors impacting male involvement in the ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Socio-cultural factors impacting male involvement in the management of infertile couples at the Kenyatta National Hospital. ... that may influence male participation in the management of the infertile couples attending the KNH Infertility Clinic.

  13. Concept "Medical Museum" as a Sociocultural Phenomenon

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chizh, Nina V.; Slyshkin, Gennady G.; Zheltukhina, Marina R.; Privalova, Irina V.; Kravchenko, Olga A.

    2016-01-01

    The article examines the concept "medical museum" as a sociocultural phenomenon. The register of medical museums in Russia makes the material of research. The complex methods of analysis of the concept "medical museum" are used. The philosophical, historical, cultural, structural, communicative and semantic analysis is carried…

  14. Socio-Cultural Impacts of Educational Tourism on the Residents of Famagusta

    OpenAIRE

    Rezapouraghdam, Hamed

    2013-01-01

    Apart from palpable and potent effects of the tourism on the economy and the physical environment, it can be contributed to the socio-cultural vicissitudes in the host communities. Educational tourism as one of the most influential segments of tourism both from the economic and socio-cultural standpoints has an accelerating pace of development in the whole globe. Previous studies mostly have focused on the economic impacts of educational tourism and slightly have gone through the social an...

  15. Impacts of geographical locations and sociocultural traits on the Vietnamese entrepreneurship.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vuong, Quan Hoang

    2016-01-01

    This paper presents new results obtained from investigating the data from a 2015 Vietnamese entrepreneurs' survey, containing 3071 observations. Evidence from the estimations using multinomial logits was found to support relationships between several sociocultural factors and entrepreneurship-related performance or traits. Specifically, those relationships include: (a) Active participation in entrepreneurs' social networks and reported value of creativity; (b) CSR-willingness and reported entrepreneurs' perseverance; (c) Transforming of sociocultural values and entrepreneurs' decisiveness; and, (d) Lessons learned from others' failures and perceived chance of success. Using geographical locations as the control variate, evaluations of the baseline-category logits models indicate their varying effects on the outcomes when combined with the sociocultural factors that are found to be statistically significant. Empirical probabilities that give further detail about behavioral patterns are provided; and toward the end, the paper offers some conclusions with some striking insights and useful explanations on the Vietnamese entrepreneurship processes.

  16. Traditional Values, Socio-Cultural Factors and Human Resource ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ... Values, Socio-Cultural Factors and Human Resource Management Practices in ... Ghanaian worker in general and the HR manager in particular is influenced ... face -to-face interview methods were used to obtain information for the study.

  17. Incorporation of Socio-Cultural Values in Damage Assessment Valuations of Contaminated Lands in the Niger Delta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Victor A. Akujuru

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Damages on contaminated land have been mostly assessed for developments subsisting on the land, neglecting the goods and services derived from the land which possess only socio-cultural values. This paper aims to ascertain the importance of socio-cultural values in the total economic value of contaminated land, drawing from the experience of a coastal community oil spillage in the Niger Delta. The paper examines what constitutes a valuable interest on contaminated land and how socio-cultural factors are valued in the damage assessment process. After reviewing the literature and decided cases, a questionnaire survey was conducted and a sample valuation report was analysed. It is concluded that there exists a socio-cultural interest on contaminated land which professional valuers do not reflect in damage assessment claims. It is recommended that any comprehensive damage assessment requires the incorporation of socio-cultural values in the valuations.

  18. Interconnection of socio-cultural adaptation and identity in the socialization process

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L Y Rakhmanova

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available The article considers the influence of the socio-cultural adaptation of an individual on his personality and identity structure; analyzes the processes of primary and secondary socialization in comparison with subsequent adaptation processes, as well as the possibility of a compromise between the unchanging, rigid identity and the ability to adapt flexibly to the changing context. The author identifies positive and negative aspects of adaptation in the contemporary society while testing the hypothesis that if the adaptation is successful and proceeds within the normal range, it helps to preserve the stability of social structures, but does not contribute to their development for the maladaptive behavior of individuals and groups stimulates social transformations. In the second part of the article, the author shows the relationship of the socio-cultural identity and the individual status in various social communities and tries to answer the question whether the existence and functioning of the social community as a pure ‘form’ without individuals (its members is possible. The author describes the identity phenomenon in the context of the opposition of the universal and unique, similarities and differences. The article also introduces the concept of the involvement in the socio-cultural context as one of the indicators of the completeness and depth of individual socio-cultural adaptation to a certain environment, which is quite important for the internal hierarchy of individual identity.

  19. Regulation of positive and negative emotion: Effects of sociocultural context

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sara A. Snyder

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Previous research has demonstrated that the use of emotion regulation strategies can vary by sociocultural context. In a previous study, we reported changes in the use of two different emotion regulation strategies at an annual alternative cultural event, Burning Man (McRae, Heller, John, & Gross, 2011. In this sociocultural context, as compared to home, participants reported less use of expressive suppression (a strategy generally associated with maladaptive outcomes, and greater use of cognitive reappraisal (a strategy associated with adaptive outcomes. What remained unclear was whether these changes in self-reported emotion regulation strategy use were characterized by changes in the regulation of positive emotion, negative emotion, or both. We addressed this issue in the current study by asking Burning Man participants separate questions about positive and negative emotion. Using multiple datasets, we not only replicated our previous findings, but also found that the decreased use of suppression is primarily driven by reports of decreased suppression of positive emotion at Burning Man. By contrast, the reported increased use of reappraisal is not characterized by differential reappraisal of positive and negative emotion at Burning Man. Moreover, we observed novel individual differences in the magnitude of these effects. The contextual changes in self-reported suppression that we report are strongest for men and younger participants. For those who had previously attended Burning Man, we observed lower levels of self-reported suppression in both sociocultural contexts: Burning Man and home. These findings have implications for understanding the ways in which certain sociocultural contexts may decrease suppression, and possibly minimize its associated maladaptive effects.

  20. Socio-Cultural Dynamics of Education in the Context of the Post-Non-Classical Science

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. A. Ignatova

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper deals with the interrelations between society, education and culture. Using the comparative analysis of classical approaches to defining the above spheres, the author comes to conclusion that the nature of socio-cultural processes can be explored and described most consistently by applying comprehensive models of the post-non-classical science and considering civilization, education and culture in the context of the unified dynamic flow of socio-cultural genesis. The research investigates the dialectics of socio-cultural processes in the light of systematic synergetic approach, the advancing role of education in socio-cultural dynamics being revealed and substantiated. The author emphasizes its inevitably rising priority due to sustained development of civilization bringing about the new environmentally-oriented meta-culture.The obtained results can be used in pedagogic research methodology, designing and modeling the educational process, its content, technology and organization. 

  1. El silencio como metáfora. Una aproximación a la Comunidad Sorda y a su sentimiento identitario.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dolors Rodríguez Martín

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available El colectivo de personas sordas puede ser conceptualizado desde dos perspectivas dicotómicas. Por un lado la perspectiva biomédica, que entenderá la sordera como un déficit, una patología; y por otro la sociocultural, que la entenderá como una particularidad haciendo que se perciba e interprete el mundo a partir del rasgo visual. Es a partir de esta segunda perspectiva desde donde se conceptualiza la Identidad y Comunidad Sorda, siendo la Lengua de signos su rasgo identitario primordial.

  2. Articulating cultures: socio-cultural experiences of black female ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Articulating cultures: socio-cultural experiences of black female immigrant students in South African schools 1. ... Gender and Behaviour ... and worrisome issue is that of the erosion of the social and cultural mores of Black3 immigrant students.

  3. Predicting Eating Disorder Group Membership: An Examination and Extension of the Sociocultural Model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Engler, Patricia A.; Crowther, Janis H.; Dalton, Ginnie; Sanftner, Jennifer L.

    2006-01-01

    The purpose of this research was to examine and extend portions of the sociocultural model of bulimia nervosa (Stice, E. (1994). Review of the evidence for a sociocultural model of bulimia nervosa and an exploration of the mechanisms of action. "Clinical Psychology Review," 14, 633-661; Stice, E., & Agras, W. S. (1998). Predicting onset and…

  4. Sociocultural determinants of induced abortion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Korejo, R.; Noorani, K.J.; Bhutta, S.

    2003-01-01

    Objective: To determine the frequency of induced abortion and identity the role of sociocultural factors contributing to termination of pregnancy and associated morbidity and mortality in hospital setting. Subjects and Methods: The patients who were admitted for induced abortion were interviewed in privacy. On condition of anonymity they were asked about the age, parity, family setup and relationships, with particular emphasis on sociocultural reasons and factors contributing to induction of abortion. Details of status of abortionist and methods used for termination of pregnancy, the resulting complications and their severity were recorded. Results: Out of total admissions, 57(2.35%) gave history of induced abortion. All women belonged to low socioeconomic class and 59.6% of them were illiterate. Forty-three (75.5%) of these women had never practiced concentration. Twenty-four (42%) were grandmultiparae and did not want more children. In 29 women (50.9%) the decision for abortion had been supported by the husband. In 25 (43.8%) abortion was carried out by Daiyan (traditional midwives). Serious complications like uterine perforation with or without bowel injury were encouraged in 25 (43.8%) of these women. During the study period illegally induced abortion accounted for 6 (10.5%) maternal deaths. Conclusion: Prevalence of poverty, illiteracy, grand multiparity and non-practice of contraception are strong determinants of induced abortion. (author)

  5. Postcolonial Perspectives on the Inclusion of Immigrant Students in Galiza, Spain Perspectivas Postcoloniales sobre la Acogida del Alumnado Inmigrante en Galiza, España.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cathryn Teasley

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available This study offers a critical exploration of educational policy in Galiza (or Galicia, Spain, in light of the growing cultural diversity of its population and its own socio-cultural history. By situating schools' "welcoming" (acogida, or reception and inclusion, of immigrant students within a broad, transversal terrain of postcolonial and relational (McCarthy, 1993 and 2005 analysis–one that traverses disciplinary perspectives and national and historical contexts–the main intent is to reflect on specific aspects of the official inclusion policy in order to help transform schooling into a more just and integrative cross-cultural institution. A series of ethnographic observations currently underway in educational communities of the four provinces of Galiza will provide some initial impressions of this policy as seen from the necessary perspectives of practice in schools. Some key questions include: What relevance does the postcolonial perspective have for the educational integration of immigrant students in Galiza? Does the mere development of a postcolonial awareness among teachers and students, as well as a relational understanding of today's world, constitute a potentially transformational, even emancipatory, pedagogical and curricular intervention? It is argued that it does, to the extent that it reveals the assimilationist orientation of integration, in the currently predominant approaches to inclusion or welcoming. Este estudio representa una exploración crítica de la política educativa de Galiza (o Galicia, España, ante la creciente diversidad cultural de su población y ante su propia historia sociocultural. Al situar la "acogida" escolar del alumnado de origen inmigrante dentro de un amplio terreno transversal de análisis postcolonial y relacional (McCarthy, 1993 y 2005—uno que atraviesa perspectivas disciplinarias y contextos nacionales e históricos—la intención principal es reflexionar

  6. La promoción sociocultural como habilidad profesional en la carrera Estudios Socioculturales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yousy Baby Ramírez

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available La formación de habilidades profesionales deviene actualmente en tema que exige una respuesta desde la ciencia. La promoción sociocultural es concebida como metodología para el trabajo comunitario, sistema de acciones y proceso sociocultural; la presente investigación la asume como habilidad profesional en la formación académica del graduado de la carrera Estudios Socioculturales a través de una invariante funcional desarrollada desde el trabajo científico metodológico. El objetivo es elaborar una invariante funcional que contribuya a la preparación de los docentes para el desarrollo de la promoción sociocultural como habilidad profesional en la carrera Estudios Socioculturales.

  7. A Sociocultural Analysis of Social Interaction and Collaboration within the Cooking Practices of Children

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bligh, Caroline Adele; Fathima, Monalisa

    2017-01-01

    This article applies sociocultural theorizing as a tool to analyze children's collaborative cooking practices through the key sociocultural concepts of social interaction and collaboration within a school cooking club. The "everyday" activity of cooking is examined using field notes gathered through participant observations, diary…

  8. Retro y perspectiva del (desempleo sonorense

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ernesto Peralta

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo revisa y actualiza la evolución, estado actual y perspectiva del (desempleo sonorense. Compara su evolución con previos pronósticos y la proyecta hasta 2030 porque los buscadores de empleo viven actualmente; da un marco para políticas que lo reduzcan. La hipótesis es que si bien no suficiente, sí es nece-sario acelerar y cambiar la estructura del crecimiento económico en favor de sectores intensivos en trabajo. Este trabajo tiene cinco secciones: la primera revisa el (desempleo reciente y lo compara con su perspectiva delineada años atrás; la segunda presenta el marco teórico; en la tercera se proyectan y contrastan oferta y demanda laboral; la cuarta revisa tipos de desempleo y la inversión para reducirlo; la quinta es para conclusiones y recomendaciones.

  9. Hitos de la perspectiva molar del condicionamiento clásico

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    Andrés M. Pérez Acosta

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se revisan los acontecimientos históricos fundamentales en la teoría del condicionamiento clásico como fenómeno psicológico –comportamental o cognoscitivo–, es decir, desde una perspectiva molar, en oposición a una perspectiva molecular, que es propia de las neurociencias. Se analizan los siguientes acontecimientos o hitos: la teoría reflexológica de Vladimir Bechterev, la perspectiva conductista radical de B. F. Skinner, el modelo de Rescorla y Wagner (1972, los modelos atencionales de Mackintosh (1975 y de Pearce y Hall (1980, las teorías que se basan en los procesos oponentes, de Allan Wagner (1981; Wagner & Brandon, 1989, y las teorías que se basan en el control temporal del comportamiento (Gallistel & Gibbon, 2002.

  10. Taking an Active Stance: How Urban Elementary Students Connect Sociocultural Experiences in Learning Science

    Science.gov (United States)

    Upadhyay, Bhaskar; Maruyama, Geoffrey; Albrecht, Nancy

    2017-01-01

    In this interpretive case study, we draw from sociocultural theory of learning and culturally relevant pedagogy to understand how urban students from nondominant groups leverage their sociocultural experiences. These experiences allow them to gain an empowering voice in influencing science content and activities and to work towards…

  11. Environmental factors and teenagers' personalities: The role of personal and familial Socio-Cultural Level.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Menardo, Elisa; Balboni, Giulia; Cubelli, Roberto

    2017-05-15

    Environmental (e.g., socio-cultural context), individual (e.g., genetic makeup), and interpersonal (e.g., caregiver-children relationships) factors can play a crucial role in shaping the development of the teenagers' personality. In this study, we focused on the Socio-Cultural Level that designates the set of preferences, knowledge, and behaviors that characterize an individual's way of life and depend on his or her cultural, social, and economic resources. We studied the relationship between Socio-Cultural Level (personal, maternal, and paternal) and Big Five personality traits of 191 teenagers living in the same geographical area. Results showed that Socioeconomic Status (i.e., parental education level and occupational prestige), which is the only dimension generally measured in investigations on Socio-Cultural Level, was not related with personality. In contrast, Cultural Capital and Social Capital were associated with different personality traits. Personal Cultural Capital was related to Openness to experience of boys and girls and to Extraversion of girls; personal Social Capital was related to Extraversion of girls, Emotional stability of boys, and Agreeableness of both boys and girls; maternal Cultural Capital was associated with Openness to experience of daughters. Overall, the personality of teenagers was more related to their own Cultural and Social Capital than to the Cultural and Social Capital of their parents. Moreover, the relationship between Cultural Capital and Social Capital of boys/girls and of fathers/mothers was moderate in strength. It seems that parents influence the development of personality of their teenagers indirectly, their Socio-Cultural Level shaping the Socio-Cultural Level of their sons and daughters. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  12. Individual classroom experiences: a sociocultural comparison for understanding efl classroom language learning Individual classroom experiences: a sociocultural comparison for understanding efl classroom language learning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura Miccoli

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho compara as experiências de sala de aula (ESA de duas universitárias na aprendizagem de língua inglesa. As ESA emergiram de entrevistas individuais, onde vídeos das aulas promoveram a reflexão. A análise revelou que experiências de natureza cognitiva, social ou afetiva influem diretamente no processo de aprendizagem e as que se referem ao contexto, à história, crenças e metas dos alunos influem indiretamente no mesmo. A singularidade de algumas experiências levou à sua categorização como ESA individuais (ESAI. Ao comparar as ESAI de duas informantes, a importância da análise sociocultural do processo de aprendizagem de sala de aula fica evidente. Concluiremos com uma defesa do valor da teoria sociocultural no estudo da aprendizagem de língua estrangeira em sala de aula e com a apresentação das implicações deste estudo para pesquisadores e professores. This paper compares the classroom experiences (CEs of two university students in their process of learning English as a foreign language (EFL. The CEs emerged from individual interviews, where classroom videos promoted reflection. The analysis revealed that cognitive, social and affective experiences directly influence the learning process and that those which refer to setting, learner’s personal background, beliefs and goal influence the learning process indirectly. The analysis also revealed the singularity of some of these CEs that led to their categorization as individual CEs (ICEs. When comparing the ICEs of the two participants, the importance of a sociocultural analysis of the classroom learning process becomes evident. We conclude with an analysis of the value of sociocultural theory in the study of classroom EFL learning and with the implications of this study for teachers and researchers.

  13. Socio-cultural Impacts of Contemporary Tourism

    OpenAIRE

    Jovičić, Dobrica

    2011-01-01

    The topic of the paper is devoted to analysis of socio-cultural impacts of tourism, as effects on the people of host communities resulting from their direct and indirect associations with tourists. The social and cultural impacts of tourism are the ways in which tourism is contributing to changes in value systems, individual behavior, family structure and relationships, collective lifestyles, safety levels, moral conduct, traditional ceremonies and community organizations. Special ...

  14. Sport in the Sociocultural Process. Second Edition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hart, Marie

    This anthology is an introduction to the sociocultural study of sport for those in physical education, sociology, anthropology, or any other study of human behavior in the social process. Part I provides a cultural framework, a series of definitions, and some understandings of the cultural setting of sport in American society as an orientation to…

  15. Nuevas perspectivas sobre las culturas botánicas precolombinas de Puerto Rico: implicaciones del estudio de almidones en herramientas líticas, cerámicas y de concha

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaime R. Pagán Jiménez

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra una síntesis de la información arqueobotánica más reciente para Puerto Rico proveniente del estudio de granos de almidón recuperados en artefactos arqueológicos. Dichos artefactos, así como los almidones antiguos presentes en ellos debido a la maceración, a la molienda o a la cocción de órganos vegetales, se ubican cronológicamente en casi todos los períodos culturales precolombinos hasta ahora definidos para la isla. Se discuten brevemente las implicaciones de los resultados arqueobotánicos logrados en torno a tres tópicos altamente generalizados y aceptados en nuestra región, pero actualmente cuestionados: a el carácter de las culturas botánicas de los llamados cazadores-pescadores-recolectores, b la atribuida importancia de la yuca para los pueblos agroceramistas antillanos de origen continental y c la generalizada percepción que se tiene acerca del protagonismo que tuvieron plantas como la yuca y el maíz en el desarrollo de las complejidades culturales tardías de las islas antillanas.

  16. Sociocultural Appearance Standards and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Women of Various Ages.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Izydorczyk, Bernadetta; Sitnik-Warchulska, Katarzyna

    2018-01-01

    The main aim of the present study was to verify the level of impact of sociocultural appearance standards (passive awareness and active internalization) have on body dissatisfaction, the desire to engage in a relentless pursuit of thinness, the adoption of a perfectionistic attitude toward the body, and the development of a tendency to engage in bulimic eating behavior, which can develop in adolescent girls and women of varying ages. The study group comprised 234 individuals: 95 secondary school girls, 33 high school girls, 56 female students, and 50 employed women, all of whom were living in southern Poland. Participants were not diagnosed with any psychiatric disorders (including eating disorders). The variables were measured using the Polish version of Garner's Eating Disorder Inventory and the Polish Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Physical Appearance and Body Image Inventory [based on the SATAQ-3 (Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire Scale-3)]. The findings revealed that the youngest Polish girls (aged 12-15) reported the highest level of risk factors for eating disorders. Among the entire study group, the internalization of appearance standards and the pressure associated with various media messages were determined to be predictors of the pursuit of thinness, regardless of age and body mass index values. The second most significant variable explained by the internalization of sociocultural standards was body dissatisfaction. The internalization of sociocultural norms provided a significant explanation of bulimic tendencies only in the youngest girls. Perfectionism proved not to be affected by the sociocultural impact of mass media. The adult women had the lowest average scores over the entire study population regarding exposure frequency to body images in mass media and regarding the experience of pressure exerted by sociocultural norms. The high level of internalization of sociocultural appearance standards seems to be significantly

  17. Sociocultural Appearance Standards and Risk Factors for Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Women of Various Ages

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernadetta Izydorczyk

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available The main aim of the present study was to verify the level of impact of sociocultural appearance standards (passive awareness and active internalization have on body dissatisfaction, the desire to engage in a relentless pursuit of thinness, the adoption of a perfectionistic attitude toward the body, and the development of a tendency to engage in bulimic eating behavior, which can develop in adolescent girls and women of varying ages. The study group comprised 234 individuals: 95 secondary school girls, 33 high school girls, 56 female students, and 50 employed women, all of whom were living in southern Poland. Participants were not diagnosed with any psychiatric disorders (including eating disorders. The variables were measured using the Polish version of Garner’s Eating Disorder Inventory and the Polish Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Physical Appearance and Body Image Inventory [based on the SATAQ-3 (Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire Scale-3]. The findings revealed that the youngest Polish girls (aged 12–15 reported the highest level of risk factors for eating disorders. Among the entire study group, the internalization of appearance standards and the pressure associated with various media messages were determined to be predictors of the pursuit of thinness, regardless of age and body mass index values. The second most significant variable explained by the internalization of sociocultural standards was body dissatisfaction. The internalization of sociocultural norms provided a significant explanation of bulimic tendencies only in the youngest girls. Perfectionism proved not to be affected by the sociocultural impact of mass media. The adult women had the lowest average scores over the entire study population regarding exposure frequency to body images in mass media and regarding the experience of pressure exerted by sociocultural norms. The high level of internalization of sociocultural appearance standards seems to be

  18. Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Consent For Research In Nigeria ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Consent For Research In Nigeria: Lessons ... for Health Research Ethics in enforcing researchers' compliance with ethical standards in ... Genuine respect for human dignity requires deeper understanding of ...

  19. Sociocultural determinants of induced abortion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korejo, Razia; Noorani, Khurshid Jehan; Bhutta, Shereen

    2003-05-01

    To determine the frequency of induced abortion and identify the role of sociocultural factors contributing to termination of pregnancy and associated morbidity and mortality in hospital setting. Prospective observational study. The study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from January 1999 to June 2001. The patients who were admitted for induced abortion were interviewed in privacy. On condition of anonymity they were asked about the age, parity, family setup and relationships, with particular emphasis on sociocultural reasons and factors contributing to induction of abortion. Details of status of abortionist and methods used for termination of pregnancy, the resulting complications and their severity were recorded. Out of total admissions, 57(2.35%) gave history of induced abortion. All women belonged to low socioeconomic class and 59.6% of them were illiterate. Forty-three (75.5%) of these women had never practiced contraception. Twenty-four (42%) were grandmultiparae and did not want more children. In 29 women (50.9%) the decision for abortion had been supported by the husband. In 25 women (43.8%) abortion was carried out by Daiyan (traditional midwives). Serious complications like uterine perforation with or without bowel injury were encountered in 25 (43.8%) of these women. During the study period illegally induced abortion accounted for 6 (10.5%) maternal deaths. Prevalence of poverty, illiteracy, grand multiparity and non-practice of contraception are strong determinants of induced abortion.

  20. Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language in Taiwan: A Socio-Cultural Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kung, Fan-Wei

    2017-01-01

    This article examines the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context in Taiwan based on Vygotsky's (1978) socio-cultural framework. The historical context is provided after some delineations of the educational system in Taiwan with regard to its foreign language instruction policy and development. Based upon the proposed socio-cultural framework,…

  1. UNA PERSPECTIVA NEUROCIENTÍFICA SOBRE LA HISTERIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucía Amoruso

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available En la última década, el desarrollo y la puesta en marcha delas modernas técnicas de neuroimagen en el campo de laneurociencia cognitiva han proporcionado una nueva vía deacercamiento al estudio experimental de algunos trastornosmentales. Dentro de esta perspectiva, denominada por algunosautores “neuropsiquiatría cognitiva”, la histeria (o trastornode conversión, de acuerdo con la clasificación psiquiátricaactual ha cobrado un amplio protagonismo. De acuerdo conlo anterior, el objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en introducirestudios pioneros basados en una perspectiva neurocientíficade la histeria. Conviene destacar que, si bien estosaportan evidencia significativa sobre algunas de las áreascerebrales y las disfunciones cognitivas comprometidas enel mencionado trastorno, los resultados obtenidos a la fechadistan aún de ser concluyentes.

  2. Analysis of Acculturative Stress and Sociocultural Adaptation among International Students at a Non-Metropolitan University

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahmood, Hajara; Burke, Monica Galloway

    2018-01-01

    This quantitative descriptive study analyzed levels of acculturative stress and sociocultural adaptation among international students at a non-metropolitan university in the United States related to certain demographic characteristics. Surveys were used to measure international students' levels of acculturative stress and sociocultural adaptation,…

  3. School bullying from a sociocultural perspective

    OpenAIRE

    Maunder, Rachel E.; Crafter, Sarah

    2018-01-01

    School bullying is an important concern. Whilst there is growing knowledge about the nature, extent and effects of school bullying, areas of complexity in research findings remain. In this paper we develop our thinking on school bullying using a sociocultural theoretical framework. We review existing literature around three main themes: 1) The conceptualisation and interpretation of bullying; 2) The relational aspects of bullying 3) Bullying as part of someone's life trajectory. For each them...

  4. Perspectiva espiritual de la mujer con cáncer

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Milena Alexandra Galvis-López

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: comparar la perspectiva espiritual de las mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer propio de su género (seno, útero, ovarios y de las mujeres diagnosticadas con otros tipos de cáncer. Método: diseño cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo comparativo, de corte transversal. Se empleó una encuesta sociodemográfica para caracterizar la población y la Escala de perspectiva espiritual de Pamela Reed, a la cual se le realizó el análisis de confiabilidad que reportó un alfa de Cronbach de 0,799 en el grupo 1 y 0,763 en el grupo 2. La muestra incluyó a 100 mujeres que se encuentran en tratamiento contra el cáncer. Resultados: la perspectiva espiritual de las mujeres con cáncer propio de su género es moderada al igual que la de las mujeres con otros tipos de cáncer; al hacer la comparación de estos dos grupos no se encontró evidencia estadística que demostrara una diferencia significativa. Discusión: los resultados de este estudio aportan nuevos elementos para el cuidado de las mujeres con enfermedad oncológica y señalan que una perspectiva espiritual moderada puede ser un potencial para su cuidado integral, en el que la enfermera reconozca sus objetivos en el cuidado de la mujer como un ser total, más que el tipo de cáncer que tiene.

  5. Sociocultural patterning of neural activity during self-reflection

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ma, Yina; Bang, Dan; Wang, Chenbo

    2014-01-01

    ) in Chinese than in Danish participants. Moreover, the group difference in TPJ activity was mediated by a measure of a cultural value (i.e., interdependence of self-construal). Our findings suggest that individuals in different sociocultural contexts may learn and/or adopt distinct strategies for self-reflection...

  6. Evolution of public relations in the activity of organizations of ukrainian socio-cultural sphere

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Євгенія Олегівна Кияниця

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available The article traces the evolution of public relations in various fields of life including socio-cultural and found creative and social potential of this activity. Analysis of historical experience of using the PR-technologies in the field of sociocultural institutions promotes understanding of importance of this activity for the efficient work of organizations of this sphere

  7. Socio-Cultural Factors in Second Language Learning: A Case Study of Adventurous Adult Language Learners

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ozfidan, Burhan; Machtmes, Krisanna L.; Demir, Husamettin

    2014-01-01

    Sociocultural theories consider language learning as a social practice examines students as active participants in the construction of learning processes. This study investigates sociocultural theories' central concepts, which includes peer interaction and feedback, private speech, and self-efficacy. The present study is a case study of twenty…

  8. Current Trends in the Detection of Sociocultural Signatures: Data-Driven Models

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sanfilippo, Antonio P.; Bell, Eric B.; Corley, Courtney D.

    2014-09-15

    The harvesting of behavioral data and their analysis through evidence-based reasoning enable the detection of sociocultural signatures in their context to support situation awareness and decision making. Harvested data are used as training materials from which to infer computational models of sociocultural behaviors or calibrate parameters for such models. Harvested data also serve as evidence input that the models use to provide insights about observed and future behaviors for targets of interest. The harvested data is often the result of assembling diverse data types and aggregating them into a form suitable for analysis. Data need to be analyzed to bring out the categories of content that are relevant to the domain being addressed in order to train or run a model. If, for example, we are modeling the intent of a group to engage in violent behavior using messages that the group has broadcasted, then these messages need to be processed to extract and measure indicators of violent intent. The extracted indicators and the associated measurements (e.g. rates or counts of occurrence) can then be used to train/calibrate and run computational models that assess the propensity for violence expressed in the source message. Ubiquitous access to the Internet, mobile telephony and technologies such as digital photography and digital video have enabled social media application platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter that are altering the nature of human social interaction. The fast increasing pace of online social interaction introduces new challenges and opportunities for gathering sociocultural data. Challenges include the development of harvesting and processing techniques tailored to new data environments and formats (e.g. Twitter, Facebook), the integration of social media content with traditional media content, and the protection of personal privacy. As these and other challenges are addressed, a new wealth of behavioral data and data analysis methods becomes

  9. Approach to assessing local socio-cultural impacts using projections of population growth and composition

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Baldwin, T. E.; Poetsch, R.

    1977-08-01

    All assessment of future domestic development projects assumes that the problems to be examined have been properly identified and defined before the application of a projection technique. An attempt is made to codify socio-cultural problems mentioned in literature and clarify how existing demographic projection techniques can be applied to assessing the problems. The relationship between changes in local population size and composition induced by in-migration and the potential for socio-cultural incompatibilities is described heuristically. For simplification, the problems expected to emerge from differences in demographic composition are classified into three categories: (1) service needs, such as those for housing, recreation, and education; (2) types of social organizations related to capacities for, or constraints on, reaping the benefits of rapid economic development and social changes (e.g., employment and income); and (3) attitudes, values, and cultural perspectives. These areas of concern are very broad, and quantitative projections of population size and composition are more easily related to the first than to the third. Although demographic projection provides a valuable tool for estimating future social change, the knowledge about cause and effect is not sufficient to support the quantification of socio-cultural impact. Therefore, the projections are used only as relative indicators and the assessments of socio-cultural impact based on them are qualitative only. Therefore, identification and assessment of socio-cultural impacts are a means of developing plans to overcome the expected problems.

  10. SOBRE LOS CAMBIOS DE PERSPECTIVA EN EL CONOCIMIENTO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    LUZ MARINA BARRETO

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es explorar el significado y los alcances de los cambios de perspectiva que a veces ocurren cuando vemos las cosas desde el punto de vista teórico, al producirse un cambio de paradigma en el conocimiento, o, si las vemos desde el uso práctico de la razón, cuando se produce un cambio en la personalidad o una "conversión". La mera cuestión sobre la posibilidad de un cambio radical de perspectiva es filosófica en un sentido profundo: sugiere la existencia de un campo de conocimiento metafísico que sería "libre" respecto de las proyecciones categoriales específicas y determinaciones que descansan en el sujeto de conocimiento, de manera que sería posible ver las cosas desde un punto de vista radicalmente diferente, uno que no sería posible sino al interior de un paradigma. Mis intuiciones son, en primer lugar, que la pregunta por la naturaleza de los cambios de perspectiva, metafísica como es, es más importante para la epistemología de lo que se ha admitido en la filosofía analítica y, en segundo lugar, que esta pregunta puede ser encarada no necesariamente al interior del marco de referencia de la metafísica, sino desde un concepto amplio de razón. En este sentido, los cambios de perspectiva pueden ser entendidos como una posibilidad que sólo puede hacerse inteligible dentro de una noción unificada de la razón, una concepción que ha sido ignorada por concepciones epistemológicas que acentúan su lado instrumental y que podemos remontar a algunos conceptos de la ontología fenomenológica que han sido re-interpretados a través de la lente de la teoría de la experiencia kantiana. Finalmente, sugiero que si miramos los cambios de perspectiva desde el punto de vista de una concepción unificada de la razón, de ello resulta una teoría del conocimiento mucho más fluida y más ligada al uso práctico de la razón que lo que se admite en las epistemologías analíticas que fueron populares durante

  11. Broadening the examination of sociocultural constructs relevant to African-American colorectal cancer screening.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thompson, V L Sanders; Harris, J; Clark, E M; Purnell, J; Deshpande, A D

    2015-01-01

    The importance of sociocultural constructs as influences on cancer attitudes and screening has been established in the literature. This paper reports on the efforts to explore alternatives to sociocultural constructs previously associated with African-American cancer screening, but with low acceptance among community members or incomplete measurement (empowerment and collectivism) and develop a measure for a recently identified construct of interest (privacy). We report preliminary psychometric data on these sociocultural scales and their associations with cancer attitudes. African-Americans (N = 1021), 50-75 years of age participated in this study. Participants were identified via a listed sample and completed a telephone survey administered via call center. Sociocultural attitudes were assessed using items identified through computerized database searches, reviewed by advisory panels, edited and tested using cognitive response strategies. Cancer screening pros and cons, cancer worry, perceived cancer risk, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening subjective norms, and perceived self-efficacy for colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) were also assessed. Confirmatory factor analyses and multivariate analyses were conducted to provide support for the validity of the constructs and to understand the associations among the selected sociocultural constructs (empowerment, collectivism, and privacy) and cancer beliefs and attitudes (CRC perceived benefits and barriers, perceived risks, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy). Consistent with the literature, the factor analytic model (RMSEA for the model was .062; 90% CI: .060-.065) provided support for the empowerment, collectivism, and privacy constructs. The modified collectivism and privacy scales had acceptable reliability. The privacy scale demonstrated the strongest associations with measures of cancer beliefs and attitudes. The implication of the findings and need for further scale

  12. Socio-Cultural Factors and Ethnic Group Relationships in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Much has been discussed and written about ethnicity. This paper is therefore intended as a contribution to the management of interethnic/intercultural conflicts in Nigeria, with a focus on new ways of handling the basic socio-cultural institutions shaping ethnic consciousness. Furthermore, this paper highlights the basic ...

  13. Perspectivas cualitativa y cuantitativa en investigación ¿inconmensurables?

    OpenAIRE

    de Andrea, Nidia Georgina

    2017-01-01

    Este trabajo expone las epistemologías de base de las perspectivas cuantitativa y cualitativa en investigación, considerando que diversos autores realizan esta diferenciación. Luego, se establece una relación entre ambas, sin dejar de atender a las posturas que plantean que no hay epistemologías distintas para dichas metodologías. Efectivamente, la metodología de la investigación desde una perspectiva netamente cuantitativa tiene sus bases epistemológicas en el positivismo y el postpositivism...

  14. Socio-Cultural Conception of Albinism and Sexuality Challenges ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Socio-Cultural Conception of Albinism and Sexuality Challenges among Persons with Albinism (PWA) in South-West, Nigeria. ... For the female PWA the risk of being used for money making rituals; not knowing a sincere partner; their more fragile nature and perceived fear of societal objection and hatred in seeing a ...

  15. Socio-Cultural Problems and Maladaptive Behaviours of Post ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Through survey research design, this study investigated the socio-cultural problems and maladaptive behaviours of post-adolescents in Nigeria. Out of 379 National Youth Service Corps (N. Y. S. C.) members drawn from various parts of Nigeria for the 2010/2011 service year, deployed to Abakaliki, Ebonyi and Izzi Local ...

  16. The socio-cultural significance of the diagnostic label "neurasthenia" in Japan's mental health care system.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Munakata, T

    1989-06-01

    This paper is an attempt to explore the socio-cultural significance of deliberately disguising schizophrenia as neurasthenia, neurosis or malfunction of autonomic nervous system. To understand its significance, the socio-cultural background of Japanese attitudes toward mental illness and Japan's mental health care system is also examined from a non-Western standpoint.

  17. Lealtad de marca: antecedentes y perspectivas de investigación.

    OpenAIRE

    Julián Ramírez Angulo; Edison Jair Duque Oliva; Carlos Alberto Rodríguez Romero

    2013-01-01

    Este documento revisa la caracterización de la lealtad de marca, como variable multidimensional del marketing y sus perspectivas para la investigación. Para tal fin, en primer lugar se hace una revisión de los antecedentes conceptuales, para posteriormente ilustrar la evolución y la tendencia creciente en la investigación sobre el tema. Esto conduce a presentar tres posibles perspectivas de investigación sobre la lealtad, vinculadas a su examen como innovaciones, a través de la logística y en...

  18. Bringing Technology to Students’ Proximity: A Sociocultural Account of Technology-Based Learning Projects

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evode Mukama

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available This paper depicts a study carried out in Rwanda concerning university students who participated in a contest to produce short documentary films. The purpose of this research is to conceptualize these kinds of technology-based learning projects (TBLPs through a sociocultural perspective. The methodology included focus-group discussions and field notes to collect empirical data. The findings reveal that the more educational technologies capture objects of learning positioned in the students’ sociocultural proximity, the more focused the learners’ attention is on these objects. The study shows also that a change in learning projects may depend to a large extent on whether the technology relates to the students’ sociocultural proximity, that is, taking into consideration students’ physical, cultural, and contextual real world. The study recommends a community of learning/inquiry embedded in a collaborative, problem-solving dynamic involving cognitive support from peers, teachers, external specialists, and the wider community.

  19. COMMUNITY SOCIOCULTURAL PROJECT “GUARDIANS OF THE TIME” / PROYECTO SOCIOCULTURAL COMUNITARIO “GUARDIANES DEL TIEMPO”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmen Apud García

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available The project has as objective to contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the inhabitants of La Pedrera by means of the community development and from a sociocultural perspective. For the achievement of these purposes a better culture profiled on the sustainable agriculture and the care of the environment is also inserted, using for it, mainly, to the new generations. In a general way, the project seeks to preserve the whole rich cultural flow inherited from final of the XIX century, and to insert him modern elements that allow him to validate an autochthonous culture.

  20. The influence of socio-cultural background and product value in usability testing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sonderegger, Andreas; Sauer, Juergen

    2013-05-01

    This article examines the influence of socio-cultural background and product value on different outcomes of usability tests. A study was conducted in two different socio-cultural regions, Switzerland and East Germany, which differed in a number of aspects (e.g. economic power, price sensitivity and culture). Product value (high vs. low) was varied by manipulating the price of the product. Sixty-four test participants were asked to carry out five typical user tasks in the context of coffee machine usage, measuring performance, perceived usability, and emotion. The results showed that in Switzerland, high-value products were rated higher in usability than low-value products whereas in East Germany, high-value products were evaluated lower in usability. A similar interaction effect of socio-cultural background and product value was observed for user emotion. Implications are that the outcomes of usability tests do not allow for a simple transfer across cultures and that the mediating influence of perceived product value needs to be taken into consideration. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.

  1. ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MODERN RUSSIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter A.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The paper examines the ambiguous contextual manifestations that accompany the process of formation of Russian entrepreneurial community. The work presents the research results of the specifics of these manifestations derived based on the analysis of various materials from Russian official, scientific and sociopolitical as well as international sources. "Attitude towards entrepreneurship" is regarded as the most important sociocultural component of the development of the entrepreneurship as a social practice. The identified economic and political as well as sociocultural trends that accompany the formation of the modern Russian entrepreneurship reflect the incompleteness stage of the market reforms in Russia. The creation of the modern ethical basis of the development of the entrepreneurship and its interaction with the society is assumed as one of the ways to accelerate these reforms. The outcome of the present interdisciplinary work - which is in its own way “a view from the outside” - in the author’s opinion, indicates the equivalence of sociocultural and economic and political range of problems for the modern stage of development of the entrepreneurship in Russia.

  2. Modernization of Management: Social and Socio-Cultural Aspects

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vinogradova, Marina V.; Babakaev, Sergy V.; Larionova, Anna A.; Kobyak, Marina V.; Layko, Mikhail Y.

    2016-01-01

    The relevance of the topic is determined by the new challenges faced by the Russian state in modern conditions that have a significant impact on public administration, which entails the need for its comprehensive modernization. In this regard, this article is aimed at the disclosure of social and socio-cultural aspects of the modernization of…

  3. Sociocultural influences on strategies to lose weight, gain weight, and increase muscles among ten cultural groups.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCabe, Marita P; Busija, Lucy; Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew; Ricciardelli, Lina; Mellor, David; Mussap, Alexander

    2015-01-01

    This study determined how sociocultural messages to change one's body are perceived by adolescents from different cultural groups. In total, 4904 adolescents, including Australian, Chilean, Chinese, Indo-Fijian, Indigenous Fijian, Greek, Malaysian, Chinese Malaysian, Tongans in New Zealand, and Tongans in Tonga, were surveyed about messages from family, peers, and the media to lose weight, gain weight, and increase muscles. Groups were best differentiated by family pressure to gain weight. Girls were more likely to receive the messages from multiple sociocultural sources whereas boys were more likely to receive the messages from the family. Some participants in a cultural group indicated higher, and others lower, levels of these sociocultural messages. These findings highlight the differences in sociocultural messages across cultural groups, but also that adolescents receive contrasting messages within a cultural group. These results demonstrate the difficulty in representing a particular message as being characteristic of each cultural group. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  4. Socio-Cultural and Ideological Preconditions of Gender Equality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sviytlana Storozhuk

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available The article examines the factors that have led to the contradiction between a legislated principle of gender equality and, broadcast from pre-modern by a number of social institutions a social differentiation by gender and discrimination generated by it, existing in modern outlook and socio-cultural life. The article shows that the concepts of natural equality of people and social consensus together with the process of secularization and desecration, developed during the modern period, transformed a social reality, but they usually do not apply to a person who is still viewed through the prism of axiological and ideological premodern paradigm. Thus, the concept of natural equality has extrapolated only to men who were considered carriers of social activity in premodern culture. It is emphasized that despite the radical changes of socio-cultural and political life of European society that occurred as a result of implementation of social modern program, a family, remaining a decentralized nucleus, was living by premodern values that gained social significance at a time when a woman acquired her social activity.

  5. Health behavior change models and their socio-cultural relevance for breast cancer screening in African American women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ashing-Giwa, K

    1999-01-01

    Models of health behavior provide the conceptual bases for most of the breast cancer screening intervention studies. These models were not designed for and have not been adequately tested with African American women. The models discussed in this paper are: The Health Belief Model, the Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior, and the Transtheoretical Model. This paper will examine the socio-cultural relevance of these health behavior models, and discuss specific socio-cultural dimensions that are not accounted for by these paradigms. It is critical that researchers include socio-cultural dimensions, such as interconnectedness, health socialization, ecological factors and health care system factors into their intervention models with African American women. Comprehensive and socio-culturally based investigations are necessary to guide the scientific and policy challenge for reducing breast cancer mortality in African American women.

  6. Organizational Culture and Socio-Cultural Values: Perceptions of Managers and Employees in Five Economies in Transition

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cseh, Maria; Ardichvili, Alexandre; Gasparishvili, Alexander; Krisztian, Bela; Nemeskeri, Zsolt

    2004-01-01

    This survey-based study compared socio-cultural values and perceptions of organizational culture characteristics held by more than 3,300 managers and employees in twelve business organizations in Hungary, Russia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, and the Kyrgyz Republic. Significant differences were found between the five countries on all socio-cultural and…

  7. Depression as a Moderator of Sociocultural Influences on Eating Disorder Symptoms in Adolescent Females and Males

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodgers, Rachel F.; Paxton, Susan J.; Chabrol, Henri

    2010-01-01

    This study aimed to explore the role of depression as a moderator of sociocultural influences on eating disorder symptoms. A sample of 509 adolescents (56% female) completed self-report questionnaires assessing depression, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, bulimic symptoms and sociocultural influences on appearance from family, peers and…

  8. Forming engineers' sociocultural competence: Engineering ethics at tomsk polytechnic university

    Science.gov (United States)

    Galanina, E.; Dulzon, A.; Schwab, A.

    2015-10-01

    The aim of the present research is to discuss Tomsk Polytechnic University in respect of forming engineers’ sociocultural competence and teaching engineering ethics. Today international standards of training engineers cover efficient communication skills, ability to understand societal and environment context, professional and ethical responsibility. This article deals with the problem of contradiction between the need to form engineers’ sociocultural competence in Russian higher education institutions in order to meet the requirements of international accreditation organizations and the real capabilities of existing engineering curricula. We have described ethics teaching experience of TPU, studied the engineering master programs of TPU to see how the planned results are achieved. We have also given our recommendations to alter the structure of TPU educational curricula, which can also be applied in other higher education institutions.

  9. The Effect of Sociocultural Factors on Maternal Short Psychiatric Status and Hyperemesis Gravidarum

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mehmet Baki Şentürk

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate the associations between Hyperemesis Gravidarum and both sociocultural factors and psychiatric status. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective non-randomized cohort design was employed. A total of 79 patients with Hyperemesis Gravidarum and 71 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. The study and control groups were compared according to results on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and sociocultural factors specific to the region. RESULTS: Anxiety, somatic concern, tension, depressive mood, hostility, motor retardation, uncooperativeness and blunted effect were found to be statistically significantly higher in patients with Hyperemesis Gravidarum(p<0.01 and p<0.05. Furthermore, pregnant women living in extended families had statistically higher anxiety scores than those residing in nuclear families (p<0.05. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric status as well as sociocultural factors specific to the society in which the individuals live should be taken into account in assessments of patients with Hyperemesis Gravidarum.

  10. Economic and socio-cultural impacts of Mainland Chinese tourists on Hong Kong residents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manisa Piuchan

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to investigate the economic and socio-cultural impacts from the burgeoning mainland Chinese tourists on Hong Kong residents. Ten individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect Hong Kong residents' views. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data. The results showed that the socio-cultural aspects were reported negatively with regard to culture, shopping and dining, and transportation but conversely, it had a positive impact on education and infrastructure. The economic aspect showed that residents accepted and appreciated the economic benefits brought by the inflow of mainland Chinese tourists. The Hong Kong government should consider these impacts, and then provide better solutions for residents' lives and plans to cope with the upcoming scenario which might arise regarding Hong Kong's economic boom and more tourists traveling to Hong Kong. Recommendations are also suggested in this study for further development. Keywords: Chinese tourists, economic impacts, socio-cultural impacts, tourism impacts

  11. ANÁLISIS FUNCIONALES EN ARTEFACTOS LÍTICOS DE GRUPOS CAZADORES-RECOLECTORES EN REGIONES TROPICALES DURANTE LA TRANSICIÓN PLEISTOCENO FINAL-HOLOCENO TEMPRANO: EL ABRIGO SANTA MARTA, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO (Functional Analysis of Lithic Artifacts of Hunter-Gatherer Groups in Tropical Regions During the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene Transition: Santa Marta's Shelter, Chiapas, Mexico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricia Pérez Martínez

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available Los análisis funcionales vieron la luz en la década de los sesenta con la publicación de la Tecnología Prehistórica de Semenov (1964, desde entonces se ha realizado un gran número de investigaciones para dilucidar actividades de subsistencia a partir de la funcionalidad de los artefactos. Desafortunadamente, en México pocos han sido los trabajos enfocados a este tipo de análisis (Elizalde y Mandujano 2000; Lewenstein 1990; Mirambell 1964. En el presente estudio se analizaron microscópicamente 36 artefactos líticos con el objetivo de caracterizar los micropulidos e inferir la funcionalidad de estos conjuntos asociados a grupos cazadores-recolectores procedentes de contextos de la transición Pleistoceno-Holoceno (13130-12671 cal. AP. ENGLISH: Use-wear studies began in the 1960s with Semenov’s publication entitled Prehistoric Technology (1964. Since then, a great number of investigations have been carried out to elucidate subsistence activities based on the functionality of the artifacts. Unfortunately, in Mexico few studies have focused on this type of analysis (Elizalde & Mandujano 2000; Lewenstein 1990; Mirambell 1964. In the present study, 36 lithic artifacts associated with hunter-gatherer groups from Pleistocene-Holocene transition contexts (13130–12671 cal. AP were analyzed microscopically with the aim of characterizing micropolishes and inferring functionality.

  12. THE SOCIOCULTURAL DIMENSION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LANGUAGE SKILLS OF PRE - SERVICE TEACHER

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yunaisi Pérez Vázquez

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available The article approaches some reflections on a pedagogic strategy for the development of the communicative abilities, from the sociocultural dimension in the teacher training process. The methods and technical that are applied they demonstrate the inadequacies that persist. consequence there are carried out reflections about the pedagogic str ategy, which is characterized by the projection, appropriation and communicative systematizing, where the performance contexts and the demands of the school environment, have singular importance. With their implementation it is achieved the derivation of the objectives and abilities for the interdisciplinary work of the teaching staff, that makes possible a system of pedagogic actions that impact positively to improve the communicative abilities, keeping in mind the incorporation of sociocultural elements in order to contribute the personal and professional development in the pedagogic context as in other sociocultural environment.

  13. Adolescencia y suicidio: Entre la perspectiva neuropsicológica de Diamond y Psicoevolutiva de Dolto

    OpenAIRE

    Mónica Viviana Gómez; Diego Alejandro Calle; José Flórez Ocampo; Luisa Victoria Álvarez

    2015-01-01

    Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre la problemática del suicidio en la adolescencia, tomando en consideración algunos aspectos comunes asociados al concepto de desarrollo entre la perspectiva neuropsicológica de Adele Diamond y la perspectiva psicoevolutiva de Françoise Dolto. Las dos perspectivas permiten un acercamiento a las nociones de temporalidad y vulnerabilidad, claves para la comprensión de dicha problemática, la cual está ligada a las condiciones socio históricas de la époc...

  14. 52 Sociocultural Competence as a Basis for Functional Education: A ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    User

    2010-10-17

    Oct 17, 2010 ... This paper examines the relevance of socio-cultural competence in functional ... non-material expressions of the people as well as the processes with which .... themselves in all kinds of immorality, smoking, stealing, drug ...

  15. Predictors of international students’ psychological and sociocultural adjustment to the context of reception while studying at Aarhus University, Denmark

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ozer, Simon

    2015-01-01

    as adaptation challenges. This paper investigates international students’ psychological and sociocultural adjustment to studying at Aarhus University in Denmark. Both international students (n = 129) and domestic students (n = 111) participated in the study. The international students did not report impaired...... psychological conditions as compared to the control group of domestic students. However, the international students reported a significantly lower level of social support. Social support and perceived discrimination were significant predictors of both psychological and sociocultural adjustment. Additionally......, the level of English proficiency alone predicted sociocultural adjustment. Values of vertical individualism and horizontal collectivism predicted psychological adjustment. Finally, integration was found to be a significantly more adaptive acculturation orientation than separation in regard to sociocultural...

  16. Desarrollo de la competencia sociocultural: uso de materiales audiovisuales en las clases de ELE en situación de inmersión sociocultural

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leticia Roses-Nieves

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available En los cursos de español como lengua extranjera (ELE de la Universidad de Oriente ingresan cada año estudiantes extranjeros que se sienten motivados a conocer el idioma, así como todas las particularidades referenciales y diferenciales que han venido conformando la cultura cubana. Por ello, al analizar las nuevas necesidades generadas por este aprendiz, no deja de sorprender que en las clases se utilicen generalmente muestras audiovisuales que centran su atención en los aspectos lingüísticos con una escasa integración con los socioculturales; lo que interfiere en la interacción comunicativa de los estudiantes en los contextos de actuación. Por estas razones, el propósito del artículo es mostrar las peculiaridades del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la competencia sociocultural, mediante el empleo de materiales audiovisuales en la enseñanza del ELE en situación de inmersión sociocultural.

  17. The Chinese experience of rapid modernization: sociocultural changes, psychological consequences?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jiahong eSun

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Mainland China has undergone profound changes dating back to the nineteenth century, including a contemporary period of rapid modernization that began in the 1980s. The result has been dramatic social, cultural, and economic shifts impacting the daily lives of Chinese people. In this paper, we explore the psychological implications of sociocultural transformation in China, emphasizing two central themes. First, rising individualism: findings from social and developmental psychology suggest that China’s rapid development has been accompanied by ever-increasing adherence to individualistic values. Second, rising rates of depression: findings from psychiatric epidemiology point to increasing prevalence of depression over this same time period, particularly in rural settings. We argue that links between sociocultural and psychological shifts in China can be usefully studied through a cultural psychology lens, emphasizing the mutual constitution of culture, mind, and brain. In particular, we note that the link between social change, individualism, and rising mental illness deserves careful attention. Our review suggests that shifting values and socialization practices shape emotion norms of concealment and display, with implications for depressive symptom presentation. The challenge comes with interpretation. Increasing prevalence rates of depression may indeed be a general response to the rapidity of sociocultural change, or a specific consequence of rising individualism—but may also result from increasingly ‘Western’ patterns of symptom presentation, or improvements in diagnostic practice. We conclude by considering the challenges posed to standard universal models of psychological phenomena.

  18. The Chinese Experience of Rapid Modernization: Sociocultural Changes, Psychological Consequences?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Jiahong; Ryder, Andrew G.

    2016-01-01

    Mainland China has undergone profound changes dating back to the nineteenth century, including a contemporary period of rapid modernization that began in the 1980s. The result has been dramatic social, cultural, and economic shifts impacting the daily lives of Chinese people. In this paper, we explore the psychological implications of sociocultural transformation in China, emphasizing two central themes. First, rising individualism: findings from social and developmental psychology suggest that China’s rapid development has been accompanied by ever-increasing adherence to individualistic values. Second, rising rates of depression: findings from psychiatric epidemiology point to increasing prevalence of depression over this same time period, particularly in rural settings. We argue that links between sociocultural and psychological shifts in China can be usefully studied through a cultural psychology lens, emphasizing the mutual constitution of culture, mind, and brain. In particular, we note that the link between social change, individualism, and rising mental illness deserves careful attention. Our review suggests that shifting values and socialization practices shape emotion norms of concealment and display, with implications for depressive symptom presentation. The challenge comes with interpretation. Increasing prevalence rates of depression may indeed be a general response to the rapidity of sociocultural change, or a specific consequence of rising individualism—but may also result from increasingly ‘Western’ patterns of symptom presentation, or improvements in diagnostic practice. We conclude by considering the challenges posed to standard universal models of psychological phenomena. PMID:27092093

  19. Socio-cultural attitudes of Igbomina tribe toward marriage and ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The article namely: "Socio-cultural attitudes of Igbomina tribe toward marriage and abortion in Osun and Kwara states of Nigeria" by Adeleke Gbadebo Fatai has been updated with a new version bearing the author's current affiliation with significant editorial intervention. Abortion has been a social menace and its ...

  20. Learning of science concepts within a traditional socio-cultural ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The learning of science concepts within a traditional socio-cultural environment were investigated by looking at: 1) the nature of \\"cognitive border crossing\\" exhibited by the students from the traditional to the scientific worldview, and 2) whether or not three learning theories / hypotheses: border crossing, collaterality, and ...

  1. Three Southern high school biology teachers' perspectives on teaching evolution: Sociocultural influences

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kyzer, Peggy Mckewen

    Organizations in science and science education call for students to have a thorough understanding of the theory of evolution. Yet many high school biology teachers do not teach evolution and/or include creationism in their instruction (National Academy of Science, 1998). Historically, the controversy surrounding evolution has created tension for teachers. This case study explored the sociocultural influences related to teaching evolution in three Southern 10th-grade public high school biology classrooms. It also explored the socially and culturally embedded influences on teachers' instructional goals and personal perspectives toward evolution as well as modification of instruction when evolution is taught. Theoretically framed using symbolic interactionism and sociocultural theory, data were collected between October 2003 and April 2004 and included classroom observations two to three times per week, artifacts, and in-depth interviews of the participating teachers, their science department chairpersons, their students, and a Protestant minister. The classroom teachers were unaware of the focus of the study until after evolution was taught. The analysis used in this study was an inductive, interpretative approach that allowed exploration of the sociocultural influences that affect how teachers teach evolution. The sociocultural influences and the lived experiences of each teacher created a continuum for teaching evolution. One of the participating teachers who was heavily involved in the community and one of its fundamentalist churches elected to avoid teaching evolution. Another participating teacher at the same school integrated the theory of evolution in every unit. The third teacher who taught in another school elected to teach evolution in a superficial manner to avoid conflict. The data revealed that the participating teachers' sociocultural situatedness influenced their decisions and instruction on evolution. The influence of strong religious beliefs within

  2. Por una ética de la existencia en la escritura del profesor universitario

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Nancy Ortiz Naranjo

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo parte de constatar que los criterios de publicación en las humanidades dependen de una academia vinculada con el dispositiv o tecnocientíico. Así, la tecnología del desarrollo plantea al profesor universitario como un empresario de sí que se capitaliza a sí mismo y a su corporación por medio de la publicación de artículos, desde una perspectiva competitiva. Con- cluye que la narración emerge como una de las formas discursivas de resistencia posible a este funcionamiento, a partir de la cual los textos dejan de constituirse como artefactos de datos para adquirir la condición de cuerpos vivos, tensionados por una ética de la existencia.

  3. Sociocultural Barriers Related to Late-Stage Presentation of Breast Cancer in Morocco.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Soliman, Ann A; Khouchani, Mouna; Renne, Elisha P

    2018-04-23

    Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer affecting women globally and in Morocco, where more than one fourth of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. This study aimed to investigate sociocultural barriers that contribute to delayed presentation and diagnosis of breast cancer among women in Marrakesh, Morocco. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 breast cancer patients who received care at the CHU Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakesh to elicit barriers to diagnosis and treatment and ease of access to care. Interviews with breast cancer patients revealed several themes regarding structural and sociocultural barriers to initial diagnosis and treatment. Structural barriers included high treatment-associated costs for patients and their families, burden of transportation to central treatment centers, and limited access to appropriate health care resources. Sociocultural barriers included perceived attack on one's identity associated with breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, influence of the local community, and ideas of faith, spirituality, and conception of death. Findings from this study can help identify areas for improved access and education of patients in order to improve breast cancer diagnostic and treatment efforts and enhance opportunities for early detection.

  4. Clinical diagnostic and sociocultural dimensions of deliberate self-harm in Mumbai, India.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parkar, Shubhangi R; Dawani, Varsha; Weiss, Mitchell G

    2006-04-01

    Patients' accounts complement psychiatric assessment of deliberate self-harm (DSH). In this study we examined psychiatric disorders, and sociocultural and cross-cultural features of DSH. SCID diagnostic interviews and a locally adapted EMIC interview were used to study 196 patients after DSH at a general hospital in Mumbai, India. Major depression was the most common diagnosis (38.8%), followed by substance use disorders (16.8%), but 44.4% of patients did not meet criteria for an enduring Axis-I disorder (no diagnosis, V-code, or adjustment disorder). Psychache arising from patient-identified sociocultural contexts and stressors complements, but does not necessarily fulfill, criteria for explanatory psychiatric disorders.

  5. Future Time Perspective in Sociocultural Contexts: A Discussion Paper

    Science.gov (United States)

    Phan, Huy P.

    2009-01-01

    Future time perspective (FTP) serves as a strong motivational force for individuals to engage in activities that may be instrumental in future outcomes. There has been a voluminous body of research studies, to date, that explored the importance of FTP. This article discusses FTP from sociocultural perspectives. Based on previous empirical…

  6. Children's Sense of Agency in Preschool: A Sociocultural Investigation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hilppö, Jaakko; Lipponen, Lasse; Kumpulainen, Kristiina; Rainio, Anna

    2016-01-01

    This socioculturally informed study investigated children's sense of agency in relation to their everyday life in preschool. The empirical data comprised focus groups reflection situations wherein Finnish preschool children (n. 19, aged 6-7) reflected on their everyday life with the help of photographs and drawings they made. Building on a…

  7. Analysis Testing of Sociocultural Factors Influence on Human Reliability within Sociotechnical Systems: The Algerian Oil Companies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdelbaki Laidoune

    2016-09-01

    Conclusion: The explored sociocultural factors influence the human reliability both in qualitative and quantitative manners. The proposed model shows how reliability can be enhanced by some measures such as experience feedback based on, for example, safety improvements, training, and information. With that is added the continuous systems improvements to improve sociocultural reality and to reduce negative behaviors.

  8. Physical culture as a phenomenon of the development of socio-cultural competence of future teachers of physical education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I.V. Ivanii

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Purpose : to substantiate the phenomenon of formation of physical culture of the individual in terms of theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of socio-cultural competence of future teachers. Material : 22 literary sources analyzed on the issue of formation of physical culture of the individual. Used cultural studies, axiological and competence approach. Results : define the concept of socio-cultural competence of the teacher of physical education. Competence is considered as an integrative motivational tumor - activity sphere of the individual. It determines the focus of an expert on the formation of spiritual values and is the foundation for its further self-development. Disclosed structure sociocultural competence of the teacher in the unity components: cognitive, motivational-value, behavioral. For each component defined system of spiritual values. The system covers the socio- psychological, mental and cultural values of physical culture. Conclusions : the sociocultural competence of the teacher of physical education meaningful and functionally related to the values of the physical culture of the individual. Spiritual, value the personality of the teacher - is the foundation for all of the components of socio-cultural competence. This competence provides social and cultural development of the individual.

  9. ANÁLISIS DE LA TRAZABILIDAD DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA ORIENTACIÓN A ASPECTOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Silvia Tabares

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un análisis acerca de la trazabilidad de los intereses de un sistema de software, desde el enfoque del desarrollo de software orientado a aspectos. Para esto se abordarán los conceptos generales de trazabilidad, de la orientación a aspectos y de las características que esta técnica puede proveer para verificar la fiabilidad y evolución de los requisitos en el proceso de desarrollo de software. Tratar la trazabilidad desde este enfoque pretende orientar al desarrollador a identificar elementos generales para determinar la traza de los intereses de corte transversal cuando estos afectan otros intereses del sistema y a su vez cómo diferentes piezas de un artefacto de software asociadas a este tipo de intereses han evolucionado y afectado a otras a lo largo del ciclo de vida de desarrollo.

  10. Nursing students' views of sociocultural factors in clinical learning: a qualitative content analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dadgaran, Ideh; Parvizy, Soroor; Peyrovi, Hamid

    2013-06-01

    The aim of this study is description of nursing students' views of sociocultural factors in clinical learning. A qualitative content analysis was conducted to describe nursing students' views of sociocultural factors in clinical learning. The participants consisted of 21 nursing students. Semi-structured and interactive interviews were used to collect data. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed, and then, they were analyzed using Qualitative Content Analysis and Max Qualitative Data Analysis 2010. From the transcripts, a remarkable number of primary themes, main themes, and sub-themes emerged. The main themes consisted of elements related to "society and culture", "family", "staff", and "classmates". The themes encompassed a spectrum of facilitators of and impediments to clinical learning. The findings showed that the administrators of nursing education should coordinate with faculty and staff by adopting interactive and participatory solutions, including the establishment of clinical learning teams and the transformation of hospitals into suitable sociocultural environments for education. © 2012 The Authors. Japan Journal of Nursing Science © 2012 Japan Academy of Nursing Science.

  11. Learner interaction in a massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG): A sociocultural discourse analysis

    OpenAIRE

    Peterson, Mark

    2012-01-01

    This exploratory study investigates the linguistic and social interaction of four intermediate EFL learners during game play in a massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG). Twelve illustrative episodes drawn from the participants’ text chat, collected in four 70-minute sessions held over a one-month period, are analyzed from a sociocultural perspective. Qualitative analysis reveals the presence of interactional features associated with the development of sociocultural competence...

  12. Digital Divide among Youth: Socio-Cultural Factors and Implications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parycek, Peter; Sachs, Michael; Schossbock, Judith

    2011-01-01

    Purpose: This paper aims to examine socio-cultural differences in internet use (Digital Divide) among 14-year-old Austrian pupils, in particular usage scenarios and research competences. It is based on a paper presented at the International Association for the Development of the Information Society e-Society conference, 10-13 March 2011, Spain…

  13. Application of the principles of Vygotsky's sociocultural theory of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Sociocultural theory by Vygotsky (1896-1934) is a theory that has become popular in educational practice in recent years. It is especially important in the instruction of children in the preschool level as it is most suitable for their development and learning, which is more of social interaction. This paper discussed the ...

  14. Community Lenses Revealing the Role of Sociocultural Environment on Physical Activity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belon, Ana Paula; Nieuwendyk, Laura M.; Vallianatos, Helen; Nykiforuk, Candace I. J.

    2016-01-01

    Purpose To identify perceptions of how sociocultural environment enabled and hindered physical activity (PA) participation. Design Community-based participatory research. Setting Two semirural and two urban communities located in Alberta, Canada. Participants Thirty-five people (74.3% females, 71.4% aged 25–64 years) across the four communities. Method PhotoVoice activities occurred over 3 months during the spring of 2009. Participants were asked to document perceived environmental attributes that might foster or inhibit PA in their community. Photographs and narratives were shared in one-on-one interviews. Line-by-line coding of the transcripts was independently conducted by two researchers using an inductive approach. Codes were arranged into themes and subthemes, which were then organized into the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework. Results Six main themes (accompanied by subthemes) emerged: sociocultural aesthetics, safety, social involvement, PA motivation, cultural ideas of recreation, and car culture. Representative quotes and photographs illustrate enablers and obstacles identified by participants. Conclusion This PhotoVoice study revealed how aspects of participants’ sociocultural environments shaped their decisions to be physically active. Providing more PA resources is only one step in the promotion of supportive environments. Strategies should also account for the beautification and maintenance of communities, increasing feelings of safety, enhancement of social support among community members, popularization of PA, and mitigating car culture, among others. PMID:25973966

  15. Community Lenses Revealing the Role of Sociocultural Environment on Physical Activity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belon, Ana Paula; Nieuwendyk, Laura M; Vallianatos, Helen; Nykiforuk, Candace I J

    2016-01-01

    To identify perceptions of how sociocultural environment enabled and hindered physical activity (PA) participation. Community-based participatory research. Two semirural and two urban communities located in Alberta, Canada. Thirty-five people (74.3% females, 71.4% aged 25-64 years) across the four communities. PhotoVoice activities occurred over 3 months during the spring of 2009. Participants were asked to document perceived environmental attributes that might foster or inhibit PA in their community. Photographs and narratives were shared in one-on-one interviews. Line-by-line coding of the transcripts was independently conducted by two researchers using an inductive approach. Codes were arranged into themes and subthemes, which were then organized into the Analysis Grid for Environments Linked to Obesity (ANGELO) framework. Six main themes (accompanied by subthemes) emerged: sociocultural aesthetics, safety, social involvement, PA motivation, cultural ideas of recreation, and car culture. Representative quotes and photographs illustrate enablers and obstacles identified by participants. This PhotoVoice study revealed how aspects of participants' sociocultural environments shaped their decisions to be physically active. Providing more PA resources is only one step in the promotion of supportive environments. Strategies should also account for the beautification and maintenance of communities, increasing feelings of safety, enhancement of social support among community members, popularization of PA, and mitigating car culture, among others.

  16. Sobre as perspectivas teórico-metodológicas da Agroecologia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Sevilla Guzmán

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es una caracterización detallada del proceso de investigación participativa que se desarrolla en la agroecología. Este proceso produce una generación dinámica de reflexión por métodos y técnicas empleadas en tres fases diferentes. En la primera fase, la Perspectiva ecológica y agronómico productiva, donde se produce el paso de la agricultura industrializada para ecológica. A través de un segundo punto de vista, la perspectiva socioeconómica y cultural, va a generar asociaciones que permiten la creación de mercados alternativos; junto con el discurso de los productores obtenidos a través de una metodología participativa. En la tercera fase, la Perspectiva Sociopolítica y de Liberación, son los productores que generan la dinámica social del cambio, desde el discurso de la fase anterior, con la participación de sus propios intereses, que dirigen el proceso de investigación.

  17. Negociaciones de paz y agencias de seguridad: perspectivas para el caso colombiano

    OpenAIRE

    Restrepo Villamil, José Libardo

    2014-01-01

    En el presente trabajo de tesis se propone una perspectiva comparada sobre las agendas de negociaciones de paz con las guerrillas centroamericanas y Colombia, en lo relacionado con las transformaciones de las agencias de seguridad, con la intención de tener perspectivas analíticas para el actual proceso de paz que se desarrolla en la Habana-Cuba entre la guerrilla de las FARC-EP y el gobierno colombiano. This tesis job proposes a comparative perspective about the peace negotiation diary be...

  18. Sociocultural Meanings of Nanotechnology: Research Methodologies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bainbridge, William Sims

    2004-06-01

    This article identifies six social-science research methodologies that will be useful for charting the sociocultural meaning of nanotechnology: web-based questionnaires, vignette experiments, analysis of web linkages, recommender systems, quantitative content analysis, and qualitative textual analysis. Data from a range of sources are used to illustrate how the methods can delineate the intellectual content and institutional structure of the emerging nanotechnology culture. Such methods will make it possible in future to test hypotheses such as that there are two competing definitions of nanotechnology - the technical-scientific and the science-fiction - that are influencing public perceptions by different routes and in different directions.

  19. The socio-cultural implications of African music and dance ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This paper sets out to discuss the socio-cultural implications of African music and dance. To this end, the paper looks at African music, African dance and human culture, kinds of dance, dance and the human body, dance and the society, the interrelationship between African music and dance, the importance of dance to the ...

  20. The socio-cultural implications of climate change in Cameroon ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Climate change impact has remained a serious threat to man and more particularly in the water-stressed environment of north Cameroon where in most cases, man struggles for bare survival by eking out a living from a harsh or hostile climatic environment. In this region, the socio-cultural impacts can be devastating as has ...

  1. Cognitive and sociocultural aspects of robotized technology: innovative processes of adaptation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kvesko, S. B.; Kvesko, B. B.; Kornienko, M. A.; Nikitina, Y. A.; Pankova, N. M.

    2018-05-01

    The paper dwells upon interaction between socio-cultural phenomena and cognitive characteristics of robotized technology. The interdisciplinary approach was employed in order to cast light on the manifold and multilevel identity of scientific advance in terms of robotized technology within the mental realm. Analyzing robotized technology from the viewpoint of its significance for the modern society is one of the upcoming trends in the contemporary scientific realm. The robots under production are capable of interacting with people; this results in a growing necessity for the studies on social status of robotized technological items. Socio-cultural aspect of cognitive robotized technology is reflected in the fact that the nature becomes ‘aware’ of itself via human brain, a human being tends to strives for perfection in their intellectual and moral dimensions.

  2. Opposition to Women in Congregational Leadership: A Sociocultural Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Solomon Kofi Amoah

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Although many efforts have been made in time past in demonstrating that women are similar to men, there still appear to be a widespread persistent belief that women are indeed inferior to men even until today. What is even worrying is the theological backing that this sociocultural belief of society enjoys. One notices in the literature that God ordains, sanctions, and upholds the spiritual authority of women today as he did in time past as his official spokespersons and leaders of his people. However, the evidence and discussion presented in this paper demonstrate that problems with women being accepted as leaders by congregations, gender differences in pay and promotions, and the experiences and dissatisfaction of women clergy who feel constrained by these gender discrimination is widespread. The paper discusses this phenomenon and presents an often neglected perspective in the discourse – the sociocultural perspective. It interrogates the various stands on women and leadership in congregations. In doing this, the paper explores the position of women in the Old Testament through to the New Testament and the centuries following.

  3. La sexualidad como producto cultural. Perspectiva histórica y psicosocial

    OpenAIRE

    Barriga, Silverio

    2013-01-01

    Desde perspectivas histórica y psicosocial, este artículo argumenta que la sexualidad es instinto básico y, especialmente, un producto cultural. Se desarrolla en primer lugar una síntesis histórica de la concepción del sexo, desde la antigua Grecia a nuestros días. A finales del siglo XIX se origina la sexología e inaugura el derecho a la salud sexual abriendo una perspectiva piscosocial de la sexualidad. La sexualidad en las relaciones personales de pareja y entre los géneros también se t...

  4. Simulating crowd evacuation with socio-cultural, cognitive, and emotional elements

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Wal, C. Natalie; Formolo, Daniel; Robinson, Mark A.; Minkov, Michael; Bosse, Tibor

    2017-01-01

    In this research, the effects of culture, cognitions, and emotions on crisis management and prevention are analysed. An agent-based crowd evacuation simulation model was created, named IMPACT, to study the evacuation process from a transport hub. To extend previous research, various socio-cultural,

  5. The English in Japanese University Entrance Examinations: A Sociocultural Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Locastro, Virginia

    1990-01-01

    Sociocultural and historical examination of the kind of English used in Japanese university entrance examinations suggests that such usage mirrors and reinforces general Japanese attitudes about language, language learning, and national interests, resulting in a closed system highly resistant to change. (28 references) (Author/CB)

  6. Plea bargaining and the religious cum socio-cultural concept of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Plea bargaining and the religious cum socio-cultural concept of Yoruba ọmọlúàbí in the Nigerian political landscape. ... Ilorin Journal of Religious Studies ... It therefore, attempts to define what is meant by plea bargaining, introduction as to its ...

  7. Darwinism and the Behavioral Theory of Sociocultural Evolution: An Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Langdon, John

    1979-01-01

    Challenges the view that the social sciences are theoretically impoverished disciplines when compared with the natural sciences. Demonstrates that the synthesis of an abstract Darwinian model of systemic adaptation and the behavioral principles of social learning produces a logical theory of sociocultural evolution. (DB)

  8. Instrumentos para siega y procesado de plantas desde el Calcolítico al Bronce antiguo de Chibanes (Palmela, Portugal

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    Clemente-Conte, Ignacio

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Micro-wear analysis has been applied to one of the characteristic flint tools types (foicinhas of the III millennium cal BC in Portuguese Estremadura. Foicinhas have a specific technological and typological character and their function has been discussed long time ago without any positive results. The present use-wear study makes clear that they are sickles. This provides information about the agricultural practices of the Portuguese Chalcolithic and gives new insights as to the biography of the foicinhas. This paper highlights the contribution of micro-wear analysis for an integrated socioeconomic approach to chipped stone tools.El análisis funcional ha reconocido rastros de uso en artefactos de sílex (foicinhas que caracterizan la identidad socio-cultural del III milenio cal BC en la Estremadura portuguesa. Esos artefactos tienen rasgos tecnológicos y tipológicos específicos y su funcionalidad ha sido discutida durante mucho tiempo sin resultados positivos. El presente estudio funcional permitió su clasificación como elementos de hoz, proporcionando información sobre las prácticas agrícolas durante el Calcolítico en Portugal y nuevos enfoques sobre la biografía de las foicinhas. Este trabajo supone un ejemplo más de la aportación del análisis funcional al conocimiento de los aspectos socio-económicos en las sociedades del pasado.

  9. La historia familiar y la conducta de consumo de alcohol como factor sociocultural en el adolescente. Perspectiva de enfermería

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    Nora Angélica Armendáriz-García

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Los adolescentes con mayor probabilidad de presentar la conducta de consumo de alcohol son los que están sometidos a diferentes factores de riesgo, los cuales pueden ser personales; dentro de estos factores se encuentra la historia familiar de consumo de alcohol (HFCA. Objetivo: establecer las diferencias y la relación entre el factor personal sociocultural a través de la HFCA y la conducta no sa- ludable de consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de preparatoria del Estado de Nuevo León. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo correlacional, la población estuvo conformada por 743 adolescentes de preparatoria, la muestra fue de 240, con un poder del 90 % . Mues- treo aleatorio estratificado con asignación proporcional al tamaño del estrato. Dentro de cada estrato se empleó muestreo aleatorio por conglomerados unietápicos. Los instrumentos empleados fueron el Inventario de HFCA y el Cuestionario de Identificación de los Trastor- nos debidos al Consumo de Alcohol. Resultados: los adolescentes con HFCA positiva fueron quienes presentaron mayores prevalencias de conducta no saludable (consumo de alcohol; asimismo, el tipo de consumo de alcohol dependiente y dañino presentó esta misma tendencia observándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05. Cuando se analiza la conducta de consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes se identificó una relación positiva y significativa ( r s = 0,196, p < 0,01, lo que indica que a mayor consumo de alcohol por parte de los padres, se presenta un mayor consumo por parte del hijo adolescente.

  10. Explaining suicide in an urban slum of Mumbai, India: a sociocultural autopsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parkar, Shubhangi R; Nagarsekar, Balkrishna; Weiss, Mitchell G

    2009-01-01

    Health demographic mortality studies use verbal autopsies to identify suicide as a cause of death. Psychological autopsies focus almost exclusively on associated high-risk psychiatric disorders. New approaches considering contextual factors are needed for preventing suicide and promoting mental health. This study examined explanations of suicide reported by surviving family members or close friends with reference to social, cultural, and environmental conditions as well as the challenges of life in the Malavani slum of Mumbai. An EMIC (Explanatory Model Interview Catalog) interview based on a cultural epidemiological framework considered underlying problems, perceived causes, and sociocultural contexts. It was administered to survivors of 76 people who had died by suicide (56.6% women). Accounts of underlying problems typically referred to various aspects of tension (73.7%). Perceived causes often identified multiple factors. The sociocultural contexts of suicide included the victimization of women, the personal and social impact of problem drinking, marital problems, physical health problems, mental tension, possession and sorcery. Women were particularly vulnerable to the impact of problem drinking by a spouse or father. This study demonstrates the value of an approach to sociocultural autopsy examining local contexts and explanations of suicide. Findings highlight needs for both mental health services and culturally sensitive social interventions.

  11. Ethical and Sociocultural Aspects of Sexual Function and Dysfunction in Both Sexes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Atallah, Sandrine; Johnson-Agbakwu, Crista; Rosenbaum, Talli; Abdo, Carmita; Byers, E Sandra; Graham, Cynthia; Nobre, Pedro; Wylie, Kevan; Brotto, Lori

    2016-04-01

    This study aimed to highlight the salient sociocultural factors contributing to sexual health and dysfunction and to offer recommendations for culturally sensitive clinical management and research as well for an ethically sound sexual health care, counseling and medical decision-making. There are limited data on the impact of sociocultural factors on male and female sexual function as well as on ethical principles to follow when clinical care falls outside of traditional realms of medically indicated interventions. This study reviewed the current literature on sociocultural and ethical considerations with regard to male and female sexual dysfunction as well as cultural and cosmetic female and male genital modification procedures. It is recommended that clinicians evaluate their patients and their partners in the context of culture and assess distressing sexual symptoms regardless of whether they are a recognized dysfunction. Both clinicians and researchers should develop culturally sensitive assessment skills and instruments. There are a number of practices with complex ethical issues (eg, female genital cutting, female and male cosmetic genital surgery). Future International Committee of Sexual Medicine meetings should seek to develop guidelines and associated recommendations for a separate, broader chapter on ethics. Copyright © 2016 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE FORMATION BY MEANS OF TRANSLATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kateryna Shapochka

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The article is devoted to the problem of socio-cultural competence formation by means of translation / interpretation and the necessity of foreign language communicative competence formation in the process of inclusive education. The question of training of young generation for life in a multi-ethnic and multicultural society, forming skills of communication and cooperation with people of different nationalities, the foreign language learning, the formation of the communicative and socio-cultural competence is one of the main tasks of modern school to meet educational needs persons with disabilities. Today’s realities require that students with special educational needs should study a foreign language and use it in the process of learning. In turn, the use of translation in the process of learning a foreign language helps students to get new skills, to form general and specific competences, including socio-cultural competence, which promotes socialization of children with special needs, and integrating them into a comprehensive system of Ukraine. The article raises the problem of modernization of the educational system. It was established that the formation of socio-cultural competence by means of written translation is done by means of a system of exercises. Based on this system, subsystems, groups and types of exercises their systems can be developed in accordance with human activity, objectives and learning environment. It shows that the development of an inclusive approach to learning demands new solutions towards learning a foreign language at different levels of education.

  13. Language Study: Language and Socio-Cultural Values: An Analysis ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Language is an important tool in the human society. Apart from the fact that it makes communication and integration possible, it is an important aspect of the socio-cultural life of a people. To this extent, language is closely knit with culture as it embodies the society's value system and patterned way of life. This paper ...

  14. Crisis y perspectivas de la industria automotriz argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Damián Andrés Bil

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Con la conformación del Mercosur, la automotriz argentina se expandió. Durante los últimos años alcanzó récords de producción, exportaciones y ventas; al punto que se la señala como ejemplo de una nueva etapa productiva. No obstante, desde finales de 2013 el complejo experimenta una crisis que provocó una considerable caída de los indicadores, con suspensiones e incluso despidos en las empresas de autopartes. En este artículo, proponemos revisar los indicadores de la actividad (escala y mercado, productividad, costo laboral, saldo comercial en perspectiva histórica y en el contexto de la competencia internacional. El objetivo es determinar si la situación actual corresponde a un inconveniente coyuntural, o si por el contrario expresa límites históricos que la automotriz argentina no ha superado; y sus perspectivas. *Palabras clave: Argentina, automotriz, crisis, competitividad, Mercosur

  15. NCG61/33: Plan de Estudios de M??ster en Educaci??n Musical, una Perspectiva Multidisciplinar

    OpenAIRE

    Universidad de Granada

    2012-01-01

    Plan de Estudios de M??ster en Educaci??n Musical, una Perspectiva Multidisciplinar. Resoluci??n de 5 de marzo de 2012, de la Universidad de Granada, por la que se publica el plan de estudios de M??ster en Educaci??n Musical, una Perspectiva Multidisciplinar

  16. Enseñanza de la geometría mediada por artefactos: teoría de la mediación semiótica

    OpenAIRE

    Camargo, Leonor; Pérez, Carlos; Plazas, Tania; Perry, Patricia; Samper, Carmen; Molina, Óscar

    2013-01-01

    Esbozamos la teoría de la mediación semiótica con la cual es posible estudiar y comprender el papel de un profesor que decide aprovechar las características que tienen diferentes herramientas, por ejemplo los programas de geometría dinámica, usadas como mediadoras para favorecer procesos de aprendizaje, desde un punto de vista sociocultural.

  17. Demonstração Geométrica á da Perspectiva Exata pelas Leis da Ótica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Júlio Roberto Katinsky

    1995-04-01

    Full Text Available Em prévios estudos sobre perspectiva, apresentamos um aparelho mais simples que aqueles descritos pelos discípulos de Brunelleschi e a ele atribuídos, com o qual foi possível deduzir empiricamente as leis fundamentais da perspectiva exata, como derivadas da reflexão de espelhos planos. Neste estudo, seguimos um caminho inverso: deduzimos geometricamente a partir da ótica de Descartes e Huygens, a imagem de objetos no plano dos espelhos. Fica assim estabelecida a perspectiva exata como etapa necessária entre a ótica medieval e a ótica moderna

  18. Managing Socio-Cultural Impacts of Tourism on the Rural Tourism ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Rural destinations within and around the World Heritage Sites have been required to implement planning procedures which would attract tourists that bring economic benefits while at the same time ensuring that the socio-cultural and environmental fabric of the community is not compromised. KwaZulu-Natal province has ...

  19. Interacionismo simbólico: raizes, críticas e perspectivas atuais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amélia Siegel Correa

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o interacionismo simbólico sob uma perspectiva de longo prazo, partindo de suas origens pragmáticas, passando pelas críticas que recebeu até suas perspectivas atuais, com a revitalização da tradição. O fio que costura a análise vem do próprio pragmatismo e de uma leitura mais problematizada feita dessa origem. Esboçado esse plano geral, devo mencionar que a intenção não é tratar nenhum autor em especial, (com a exceção de Blumer na primeira parte, afinal, é unânime a sua paternidade no interacionismo. O propósito foi observar o movimento de uma perspectiva mais ampla, tanto de tempo quanto de produção, vinculando, sempre que possível, com o contexto histórico e com o campo da sociologia norte americana, em especial com o funcionalismo parsoniano. Sempre que possível, privilegiei textos que não existem em português,  como forma de ir um pouco além das discussões mais conhecidas que temos sobre o interacionismo.

  20. USES OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO PROMOTE ASEAN SOCIO-CULTURAL COMMUNITY IN VIETNAM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ulas Basar Gezgin

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The global openness of Vietnam brought out very fast major social changes. The country is a party to a number of international economic agreements and frameworks including World Trade Organization, Trans Pacific Partnership as well as ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations. External economic factors such as those associated with South East Asian integration are coupled with ASEAN’s ambition to set up a socio-cultural community in addition to the economic community. In the meantime, the popularity of social media is rapidly growing in Vietnam with more than 30 million Vietnamese Facebook accounts. Considering these 2 major influences, ie social media and regional integration efforts, this article proposes a number of recommendations to use social media to promote ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.

  1. Socio-cultural determinants of anticipated acceptance of an oral cholera vaccine in Western Kenya.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sundaram, N; Schaetti, C; Chaignat, C-L; Hutubessy, R; Nyambedha, E O; Mbonga, L A; Weiss, M G

    2013-03-01

    Determinants of anticipated acceptance of an oral cholera vaccine (OCV) were studied in urban and rural communities of Western Kenya. An explanatory model interview administered to 379 community residents assessed anticipated vaccine acceptance at various prices from no cost to full-cost recovery, socio-cultural features of cholera and social characteristics. Nearly all (99%) residents indicated willingness to accept a no-cost OCV, 95% at a price of US$ 0·8, 73% at US$ 4·2 and 59% at US$ 8·4. Logistic regression models analysed socio-cultural determinants of anticipated OCV acceptance. Prominence of non-specific symptoms for cholera was negatively associated with acceptance. A cholera-specific symptom (thirst), self-help referring to prayer, income and education were positively associated. In the high-cost model, education was no longer significant and reliance on herbal treatment was a significant determinant of vaccine non-acceptance. Findings suggest high motivation for OCVs, if affordable. Socio-cultural determinants are better predictors of anticipated acceptance than socio-demographic factors alone.

  2. The influence of sociocultural factors on the eating attitudes of Lebanese and Cypriot students: a cross-cultural study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeeni, N; Gharibeh, N; Katsounari, I

    2013-07-01

    The present comparative cross-cultural study aimed to explore the relationship between eating behaviour and sociocultural influences with respect to appearance and body image in female university students from two cultural contexts, namely Cyprus and Lebanon. The Dutch Eating Behavior questionnaire (DEBQ) and the Perceived Sociocultural Influences on Body Image and Body Change Questionnaire were used to assess sociocultural influences and body image, respectively, in 200 students from each country. The results indicated that the Lebanese students were more likely to engage in emotional and external eating and their body image was impacted to a larger extent by sociocultural agents, including media influences, compared to the Cypriot students. Also, a positive relationship was found between emotional and external eating in both cultures. Finally, sociocultural influences correlated positively with external eating only in the Cypriot sample. Culture-specific factors, such as the societal values and norms, as well as the Westernisation history of each country, are discussed as underpinnings for the differences found. These findings are significant for understanding the rise of eating pathology in these two cultures and provide evidence for a need to consider cultural environment when designing public health policies addressing the negative aspects of nutrition transition. © 2013 The Authors Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics © 2013 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.

  3. Analysis Testing of Sociocultural Factors Influence on Human Reliability within Sociotechnical Systems: The Algerian Oil Companies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Laidoune, Abdelbaki; Rahal Gharbi, Med El Hadi

    2016-09-01

    The influence of sociocultural factors on human reliability within an open sociotechnical systems is highlighted. The design of such systems is enhanced by experience feedback. The study was focused on a survey related to the observation of working cases, and by processing of incident/accident statistics and semistructured interviews in the qualitative part. In order to consolidate the study approach, we considered a schedule for the purpose of standard statistical measurements. We tried to be unbiased by supporting an exhaustive list of all worker categories including age, sex, educational level, prescribed task, accountability level, etc. The survey was reinforced by a schedule distributed to 300 workers belonging to two oil companies. This schedule comprises 30 items related to six main factors that influence human reliability. Qualitative observations and schedule data processing had shown that the sociocultural factors can negatively and positively influence operator behaviors. The explored sociocultural factors influence the human reliability both in qualitative and quantitative manners. The proposed model shows how reliability can be enhanced by some measures such as experience feedback based on, for example, safety improvements, training, and information. With that is added the continuous systems improvements to improve sociocultural reality and to reduce negative behaviors.

  4. Agency-communion and interest in prosocial behavior: social motives for assimilation and contrast explain sociocultural inconsistencies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gebauer, Jochen E; Sedikides, Constantine; Lüdtke, Oliver; Neberich, Wiebke

    2014-10-01

    Identifying the "prosocial personality" is a classic project in personality psychology. However, personality traits have been elusive predictors of prosocial behavior, with personality-prosociality relations varying widely across sociocultural contexts. We propose the social motives perspective to account for such sociocultural inconsistencies. According to this perspective, a focal quality of agency (e.g., competence, independence, openness) is the motive to swim against the social tide-agentic social contrast. Conversely, a focal quality of communion (e.g., warmth, interdependence, agreeableness) is the motive to swim with the social tide-communal social assimilation. We report two cross-sectional studies. Study 1 (N = 131,562) defined social context at the country level (11 European countries), whereas Study 2 (N = 56,395) defined it at the country level (11 European countries) and the city level (296 cities within these countries). Communion predicted interest in prosocial behavior comparatively strongly in sociocultural contexts where such interest was common and comparatively weakly where such interest was uncommon. Agency predicted interest in prosocial behavior comparatively strongly in sociocultural contexts where such interest was uncommon and comparatively weakly where such interest was common. The results supported the social motives perspective. Also, the findings help to reestablish the importance of personality for understanding prosociality. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  5. Socio-cultural barriers to the development of a sustainable energy system - the case of hydrogen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kjerulf Petersen, L.; Holst Andersen, A.

    2009-02-15

    Any transition to a more sustainable energy system, radically reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is bound to run in to a host of different barriers - technological and economic, but also socio-cultural. This will also be the case for any large-scale application of hydrogen as energy carrier, especially if the system is going to be based on renewable energy sources. The aim of these research notes is to review and discuss major socio-cultural barriers to new forms of energy supply in general and to hydrogen specifically. Reaching sufficient reductions in greenhouse gas emissions may require more than large-scale dissemination of renewable energy sources. Also reductions or moderations in energy demand may be necessary. Hence, a central point in the research note is to consider not only socio-cultural obstacles for changing technologies in energy production, distribution and consumption but also obstacles for changing the scale of energy consumption, i.e. moderating the growth in how much energy is consumed or even reducing consumption volumes. (au)

  6. Sociocultural Influences on Body Image Concerns of Young Chinese Males

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jackson, Todd; Chen, Hong

    2008-01-01

    This research assessed the extent to which sociocultural factors implicated in explanations of weight dissatisfaction among young Western females extend to sources of body image concern in emerging adult and adolescent males from the People's Republic of China. In Study 1, 219 Mainland Chinese male university students completed measures of stature…

  7. A Case Study on Socio-cultural Impacts of Tourism in the city of Jaipur, Rajasthan: India

    OpenAIRE

    Singla, Dr. Manika

    2014-01-01

    This paper focuses on the community perceptions of the socio-cultural impacts of culture and heritage tourism in particular and examines the extent to which they coincide with the tourism impact literature. This study not only deals with socio-cultural impacts perceived by residents as the impacts of tourism development but also identify the effects of demographic variation on the residents' attitudes towards tourism. Considering the relationship between residents and tourism, the present stu...

  8. ARTEFACTOS DIALÓGICOS: UNA PROPUESTA PARA INTEGRAR LA EDUCACIÓN DE ARTES MUSICALES Y VISUALES (DIALOGIC ARTIFACTS: A PROPOSAL TO INTEGRATE THE EDUCATION OF MUSICAL AND VISUAL ARTS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arenas Navarrete Mario

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:El propósito de este ensayo es realizar una propuesta para crear unidades de integración de artes musicales y visuales a través de la participación de estudiantes desde 12 a 17 años de edad, aproximadamente, en la creación de “Artefactos Dialógicos”, es decir, esculturas sonoras cinéticas e interactivas. La particularidad de estas instalaciones-esculturas es que establecen y explicitan diversos tipos de diálogos con la naturaleza. Corresponden a la cristalización de un proceso iniciado el año 1986 en el Departamento de Música de la Universidad de La Serena, Chile, caracterizado por la defensa de la transversalidad disciplinar, en oposición al especialismo. Han participado estudiantes universitarios y niños de su Escuela Experimental de Música; profesores, artistas visuales, compositores e investigadores. La pretensión de que estudiantes construyan estos artefactos, conlleva cumplir como requisito, su empoderamiento, el desarrollo de su capacidad de agencia y creatividad, para que, en colaboración con profesores de diferentes asignaturas artísticas, científicas y humanísticas, incluyan en la mirada estética, la configuración material y estructural de estos aparatos, integrando, así, racionalismo y expresividad. Todo ello, visualizado a través del filtro epistémico que otorga la educación intercultural, de tal modo de atrapar y proyectar ancestros, gestos, modos, iconografías,2 idiolectos,3 identidades y patrimonio.Abstract: In this essay, we propose to create units of integration of the musical and visual arts through the participation of students ranging approximately from 12 to 17 years of age, for the creation of the "Dialogical Artifacts", i.e., kinetic and interactive sound sculptures. The particularity of these artifacts lies on the fact that they establish and explicit different types of dialogues with nature from a transversal perspective of the curriculum. This initiative was taken for the first

  9. Socio-Cultural Impacts in the Formation of Urban Village

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marpaung, B. O. Y.

    2017-03-01

    In Indonesia, a group of village people tends to move from one place to another and develops a living space to create a settlement. This research is conducted by taking an example of a particular ethnic group that leaves the forestry area to a new place in the city. After some time, this group of people creates a similar or adapted socio-cultural system adapted from their origin place. The purpose of this research is to examine the socio-cultural aspects that significantly influence the emergence of urban village. This influence is interpreted as social and cultural relations with the establishment of space and significance of urban village. By focusing on this issue, this research will trace the process of how a new and unplanned settlement could emerge. The process and elements are indispensable from social and cultural factors. Essentially, the shape of bulit space is a non-physical manifestation of local people, which is established from time to time. In this case, the research’s challenge lies on the circumstance in Indonesia where society and culture influence the emergence of urban village. Physical appearance can be identified as a tipology of settlement and morphology of urban village.

  10. Perspectivas de la personalidad en negociaciones y resolución de conflictos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marhilde Sánchez de Gallardo

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo destaca los aportes de las teorías psicológicas psicoanalítica, del aprendizaje y fenomenológica del estudio de la personalidad, en el desarrollo de conocimientos y habilidades útiles en la actividad profesional, referentes a la autoevaluación del comportamiento en las negociaciones efectuadas. Se concibe la personalidad como un todo organizado, en funcionamiento conjunto, donde se interrelacionan pensamientos, sentimientos y conductas que generan coherencia a la vida del ser humano. En la perspectiva psicoanalítica, la teoría de Sigmund Freud, la estructura de la personalidad ello, yo y super yo, regidos por los principios del placer, la realidad y la moral respectivamente, se encuentran en interacción dinámica, en su propósito por conducir las actividades del hombre. La perspectiva del aprendizaje se orienta a los factores ambientales que dirigen la conducta. En el condicionamiento operante, se estudian las consecuencias, después de ocurrida una conducta, que aumentan y disminuyen la probabilidad de repetición de dicha conducta. Las teorías del aprendizaje social o cognitivo, conceden elevada importancia a los procesos mentales y a los aspectos sociales del aprendizaje. La perspectiva fenomenológica enfatiza al individuo como un ser activo, creativo, que responde en forma subjetiva a las percepciones, relaciones y encuentros actuales, con tendencias hacia la autorrealización. Cada una de las perspectivas genera una amplia comprensión de la incidencia del capital humanoen las negociaciones.

  11. Sociocultural Variations in the Body Image Perceptions of Urban Adolescent Females.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abrams, Laura S.; Stormer, Colleen Cook

    2002-01-01

    Investigated the influences of ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and ethnic peer group composition on awareness and internalization of socially sanctioned standards of appearance using the Sociocultural Attitudes towards Adolescence Questionnaire. Findings for 208 adolescent females highlight the importance of multiple ecological factors in…

  12. Towards Contemporary Play: Sociocultural Theory and the Digital-Consumerist Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edwards, Susan

    2014-01-01

    This article introduces the notion of "contemporary" play in relation to existing ideas about children's play, learning and development from a sociocultural perspective. The need to think about the nature of contemporary play is considered in response to arguments suggesting that the quality of children's play has declined in…

  13. Importance-performance matrix analysis of the factors influencing international students’ psychological and sociocultural adaptations using SmartPLS

    OpenAIRE

    Shafaei, Azadeh; Razak, Nordin Abd

    2015-01-01

    With the increase in international mobility in higher education especially in Asia, the issue of cross-cultural adaptation becomes paramount since international students try to overcome challenges and flourish psychologically and socioculturally in a new environment. Therefore, this study is conducted to identify the factors influencing international postgraduate students’ psychological and sociocultural adaptations in Malaysian public universities, an emerging education hub in the region. It...

  14. Hosts' perception of economic and socio-cultural tourism impacts

    OpenAIRE

    Kamšek, David; Milfelner, Borut; Ogorelc, Anton

    2015-01-01

    Analyzing tourism perceptions of host communities and residents' attitudes toward tourism development has been gaining increasing attention in the tourism research. This paper examines how residents perceive positive and negative economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism. The authors identify several differences between two groups of respondents: residents employed in tourism and other residents. The study provides tourism planners with useful information concerning specific elements ass...

  15. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular desde la perspectiva de sexo y género

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariana García

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Los diferentes procesos biológicos entre hombres y mujeres se denominan diferencias de sexo y con frecuencia estos reproducibles en modelos animales. En cuanto a enfermedades cardiovasculares, diferencias hormonales que por ende tienen impacto en la expresión y función génica en los cromosomas sexuales, dan como resultado ciertas variaciones respecto a la prevalencia y presentación de condiciones cardiovasculares, incluyendo aquellas asociadas con regulación autonómica, hipertensión, diabetes, remodelación vascular y cardiaca. En contraste, las diferencias de género son únicas para el ser humano y surgen de prácticas socioculturales (medio ambiente, estilo de vida, nutrición. Con el fin de incrementar la calidad en el cuidado clínico desde la perspectiva de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en las mujeres, este capítulo examinará aquellos factores de riesgo cardiovasculares, tanto tradicionales como aquellos únicos y emergentes en la mujer. Abstract: The different biological processes between men and women are termed sex differences, and are frequently reproducible in animal models. With regard to cardiovascular diseases, hormonal differences, which ultimately have an impact on gene expression and function in the sex chromosomes, produce certain variations in the prevalence and presentation of cardiovascular conditions, including those associated with autonomic regulation, hypertension, diabetes and vascular and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, gender differences are unique to human beings and arise from sociocultural practices (environment, lifestyle, nutrition. In order to increase the quality of clinical care from a women's cardiovascular disease perspective, this chapter will examine cardiovascular risk factors, both the traditional ones as well as those that are unique to, and emerging in, women. Palabras clave: Factores de riesgo cardiovascular, Mujer, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Keywords: Cardiovascular risk

  16. Sociocultural context as a facilitator of student learning of function concepts in mathematics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Evangelina Díaz Obando

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available In Costa Rica, many secondary students have serious difficulties to establish relationships between mathematics and real-life contexts. They question the utilitarian role of the school mathematics. This fact motivated the research object of this report which evidences the need to overcome methodologies unrelated to students’ reality, toward new didactical options that help students to value mathematics, reasoning and its  applications, connecting it with their socio-cultural context. The research used a case study as a qualitative methodology and the social constructivism as an educational paradigm in which the knowledge is built by the student; as a product of his social interactions. A collection of learning situations was designed, validated, and implemented. It allowed establishing relationships between mathematical concepts and the socio-cultural context of participants. It analyzed the impact of students’socio-cultural context in their mathematics learning of basic concepts of real variable functions, consistent with the Ministry of Education (MEP Official Program.  Among the results, it was found that using students’sociocultural context improved their motivational processes, mathematics sense making, and promoted cooperative social interactions. It was evidenced that contextualized learning situations favored concepts comprehension that allow students to see mathematics as a discipline closely related with their every-day life.

  17. HORIZONTAL OBJECTIVES OF EU PROGRAMMES AND THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT FOR EAP MEMBERS

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    Irina Teodora MANOLESCU

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available As the Eastern Partnership (EaP was founded in 2009, between European Union (EU and six countries from Eastern Europe, its main goal was to create adequate conditions for economic integration, social and regional development of the EaP country members. Based on the same principles as the EU was built, international law and fundamental values (e.g. human rights, freedom, democracy, rule of law, sustainable development and also good governance, the EaP was regularly analysed and renewed (once every two years in order to better respond to the needs of Eastern European countries. Even so, while the economic context was especially considered, there are still some actions to be undertaken with regards to socio-cultural factors. Therefore the aim of the paper is to analyse the socio-cultural context of the six Eastern European EaP members (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine in order to make recommendations regarding their absorption capacity when integrating the horizontal EU objectives into the funding neighbourhood instruments. Our main research question is: what is the right approach for developing operational funding programmes (individual/bilateral or partnership/multilateral participations for EaP members: is it by maintaining the EU horizontal objective or by adapting these objectives from the beginning considering the socio-cultural context?

  18. Lealtad de marca: antecedentes y perspectivas de investigación.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julián Ramírez Angulo

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Este documento revisa la caracterización de la lealtad de marca, como variable multidimensional del marketing y sus perspectivas para la investigación. Para tal fin, en primer lugar se hace una revisión de los antecedentes conceptuales para, posteriormente, ilustrar la evolución y la tendencia creciente en la investigación sobre el tema. Esto conduce a presentar tres posibles perspectivas de investigación sobre la lealtad, vinculadas a su examen como innovaciones a través de la logística y en el plano del comercio electrónico. El objeto de esta revisión es aproximarse en la elaboración de un estado del arte que soporte el desarrollo de un proyecto de tesis doctoral.

  19. Impact of Sociocultural Background and Assessment Data Upon School Psychologists' Decisions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huebner, E. Scott; Cummings, Jack A.

    1985-01-01

    Psychologists (N=56) participated in an adapted version of Algozzine and Ysseldyke's (1981) diagnostic simulation to investigate the effects of sociocultural background (rural vs. suburban) and assessment data (normal vs. learning disabled) on educational decisions. Findings suggest school psychologists utilize multiple sources of information but…

  20. Exploration of Food Culture in Kisumu: A Socio-Cultural Perspective

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    Fredrick Argwenge Odede

    2017-07-01

    Full Text Available Increasingly food culture in the context of socio-cultural dimension is becoming important for sustainable urban development. In the last four years food festivals have been held in Kisumu attracting several interests both from within and without the City. The Kisumu fish night event of 2013 marked the melting point of food culture in Kisumu. This paper thus explores the noble intention of integrating food culture in Kisumu as a socio-cultural capital for the advancement of City sustainable development agenda. To an agrarian society, life is about food from its production, the processing/preservation up to the consumption or the sharing. People connect to their cultural or ethnic background through similar food patterns.  People from different cultural backgrounds eat different foods leading to the question: Are Luos in Kisumu defined by their own food culture? This study further investigated the mode of production, and storage of food resources, examined food cuisines of the Luo community in Kisumu, and assessed the food habits, practices and beliefs associated with food cuisines, as well as, the nutritional and socio-cultural values of Luo cuisines. The research employed qualitative methods of data collection such as interviews, observation, focused group discussion and photography using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Content analysis was used to draw general universal statements in thematic areas with respect to the research objectives. The study revealed that Luo community in Kisumu has a food culture laced with rich cultural practices, rituals and societal norms that defines them as a distinct cultural identity but interacts with other cultural groups in the metropolitan city of Kisumu. Further, the study confirms that indeed food culture is vital for sustainable development of urban centre granted that Kisumu largely evolved as urban centre for exchange of goods for food.

  1. Broadening the examination of socio-cultural constructs relevant to African American colorectal cancer screening

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sanders Thompson, V. L.; Harris, J.; Clark, E.M.; Purnell, J.; Deshpande, A.D.

    2014-01-01

    The importance of socio-cultural constructs as influences on cancer attitudes and screening has been established in the literature. This paper reports on efforts to explore alternatives to constructs previously associated with African American cancer screening, but with low acceptance among community members or incomplete measurement (empowerment and collectivism) and develop a measure for a recently identified construct of interest (privacy). We report preliminary psychometric data on these socio-cultural scales and their associations with cancer attitudes. African Americans (N=1021), 50 to 75 years of age participated in this study. Participants were identified via a listed sample and completed a telephone survey administered via call center. Socio-cultural attitudes were assessed using items identified through computerized database searches, reviewed by advisory panels, edited and tested using cognitive response strategies. Cancer screening pros and cons, cancer worry, perceived cancer risk, colorectal cancer screening subjective norms, and perceived self-efficacy for colorectal cancer screening were also assessed. Confirmatory factor analyses and multivariate analyses were conducted to provide support for the validity of the constructs and to understand the associations among the selected socio-cultural constructs (empowerment, collectivism and empowerment) and cancer beliefs and attitudes (CRC perceived benefits and barriers, perceived risks, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy). Consistent with the literature, the factor analytic model (RMSEA for the model was 0.062; 90% CI: 0.060-0.065) provided support for the empowerment, collectivism and privacy constructs. The modified collectivism and privacy scales had acceptable reliability. The privacy scale demonstrated the strongest associations with measures of cancer beliefs and attitudes. The implication of the findings and need for further scale development activities is discussed

  2. Desigualdad y maternidad, experiencias de arteterapia desde una perspectiva de género

    OpenAIRE

    Cerda Mardones. Javiera

    2010-01-01

    La investigación corresponde a un trabajo de campo en arteterapia con perspectiva de género realizada con mujeres embarazadas en riesgo de exclusión social. Su propósito contribuir al desarrollo de la autoestima y empoderamiento de las participantes, el arteterapia y la perspectiva de género son los modelos de orientación teórica. Cuando los movimientos feministas se hacen cargo del papel de la mujer otorgado en el seno patriarcal se empieza a cuestionar la función de la matern...

  3. Art and social health. Sociocultural program participation for people with funcional diversity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Martínez Lemos

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Martinez, M. y Rodríguez, J. (2015: “Arte y salud social. Programas de participación sociocultural para personas con diversidad funcional”, Revista Española de Discapacidad, 3 (2: 125-131.

  4. Curing and sociocultural separatism in South Thailand.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Golomb, L

    1985-01-01

    In much of Thailand animistic curing practices have lost ground to great tradition herbal medicine and modern scientific medicine as more people achieve literacy. Especially in urbanizing areas, Buddhist and Muslim Thais hold in the highest esteem traditional curers whose knowledge derives from patient experimentation and the study of ancient texts. However, among Malay-speaking Muslims in south Thailand, the most respected therapeutic knowledge is revelatory in nature. Southern Muslim curers are generally mystics or spirit-mediums whose direct channels of communication with the supernatural convey remedies for afflictions but also provide guidelines for maintaining sociocultural separatism.

  5. The Development of Mirror Self-Recognition in Different Sociocultural Contexts

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kartner, Joscha; Keller, Heidi; Chaudhary, Nandita; Yovsi, Relindis D.

    2012-01-01

    The overarching goal of the present study was to trace the development of mirror self-recognition (MSR), as an index of toddlers' sense of themselves and others as autonomous intentional agents, in different sociocultural environments. A total of 276 toddlers participated in the present study. Toddlers were either 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, or 21 months…

  6. Perceptions & Attitudes of Male Homosexuals from Differing Socio-Cultural & Audiological Backgrounds.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Swartz, Daniel B.

    This study examined four male homosexual, sociocultural groups: normal-hearing homosexuals with normal-hearing parents, deaf homosexuals with normal-hearing parents, deaf homosexuals with hearing-impaired parents, and hard-of-hearing homosexuals with normal-hearing parents. Differences with regard to self-perception, identity, and attitudes were…

  7. Marketing de lugar: estado da arte e perspectivas futuras

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Antonio de Moraes Ocke

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo neste trabalho é contribuir com o repensar da natureza e do significado do marketing de lugar presente na literatura, descrevendo as três principais perspectivas influentes em seu desenvolvimento – promoção, planejamento e branding – e apresentar uma análise crítica de seu processo de evolução. No intuito de orientar o entendimento, evitar interpretações individuais e propor uma linguagem comum, a análise compreende a convergência das perspectivas em um conceito caracterizado como uma importante ferramenta de gerenciamento das trocas que ocorrem em âmbito territorial visando ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico da localidade. Como contribuição, sugere-se uma estruturação para investigações futuras identificando lacunas entre a teoria do marketing de lugar e a forma como é compreendido, assim como as dificuldades significativas para sua implementação.

  8. Influences of Sociocultural Factors Within the Clinical Learning Environment on Students' Perceptions of Learning: An Integrative Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jessee, Mary Ann

    A persistent deficit in new graduate nurses' clinical reasoning skill exists. Clinical reasoning is best learned in the sociocultural clinical learning environment (CLE), yet many CLEs fail to engage nursing students in the cognitive work of nursing that promotes development of clinical reasoning. Despite two decades of recommendations to improve CLEs based on students' perceptions of learning, widespread improvement remains elusive. The aim of this review was to synthesize what is known about the influence of sociocultural factors in the acute-care CLE on prelicensure nursing students' perceptions of learning, for the purpose of identifying factors that when modified may promote improvement of clinical reasoning skill. The integrative review methodology was used to synthesize and identify gaps in evidence on students' perceptions of learning in the acute-care CLE. Global commonalities exist in the impact of the sociocultural CLE on students' perceptions of learning, including overall sociocultural atmosphere, membership in the health care team, supervisory relationships, peer relationships, and clinical education structure. This review provides evidence that modification of CLE factors and examination of their influence on measurable learning outcomes such as clinical reasoning are the necessary next steps to facilitate improvement of new graduate nurses' clinical reasoning skill. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Justicia y sistema tributario. Una mirada desde la perspectiva inglesa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patricio Masbernat

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo expone que la doctrina chilena aborda la cuestión de la justicia tributaria desde una triple perspectiva, económica, filosófica y jurídica. Con todo, desconfía de las posibilidades de esta última, para desarrollar soluciones genuinas de los complejos problemas que enfrenta la justicia tributaria. A partir de dicha evidencia, el autor indaga el desarrollo de este asunto en el mundo anglosajón, especialmente de Inglaterra. El autor recorre el camino que filósofos, economistas y juristas efectúan acerca de los elementos más determinantes de la justicia tributaria. Para tales efectos, luego de plantear el problema y la perspectiva analítica del artículo, revisa la idea de justicia tributaria en las doctrinas liberales clásicas, la justificación de la imposición de tributos y los fines del Estado, el concepto de tributo, la justicia conmutativa y la justicia distributiva, las finalidades extra fiscales del tributo, el principio de igualdad como expresión normativa de la justicia en la tributación. El autor concluye que no obstante que el mundo anglosajón se aborda esta cuestión desde esta triple perspectiva, y de un modo muy diferente al del Derecho Continental, la doctrina jurídica ha sido capaz de discutir acerca de estos complejos problemas jurídicos con éxito.

  10. Tomasello y Stern: Dos perspectivas actuales incluyentes del Desarrollo Infantil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mata Isabel López

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene como objetivo ilustrar dos perspectivas actuales del desarrollo infantil incluyentes más que excluyentes -Michael Tomasello (cognitivo y Daniel Stern (social-subjetivo-, en cuanto a que integran a su explicación los descubrimientos de las capacidades tempranas del bebé -realizados a partir de 1970/80- y, sin renunciar al paradigma teórico particular del que provienen, reconocen junto a estas competencias tempranas el rol fundamental de los diversos factores intervinientes en el desarrollo -lo innato y lo ambiental (social y cultural-, los diferentes métodos de investigación y las limitaciones de una mirada reduccionista. Además, postulan que se hace necesaria la conversación entre las diferentes perspectivas teóricas, para lograr una descripción del infante como una unidad.

  11. Leveraging Sociocultural Theory to Create a Mentorship Program for Doctoral Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crosslin, Matt; Wakefield, Jenny S.; Bennette, Phyllis; Black, James William, III

    2013-01-01

    This paper details a proposed doctoral student connections program that is based on sociocultural theory. It is designed to assist new students with starting their educational journey. This program is designed to leverage social interactions, peer mentorship, personal reflection, purposeful planning, and existing resources to assist students in…

  12. Ligwomi Cult: A Facilitator of the Socio-Cultural Development of Igbo ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Ligwomi cult practiced among Igbo Imabana people of Abi Local Government Area of Cross River State is unlike other cults whose activities are regarded as nefarious. This cult has great socio-cultural significance and has brought some remarkable development in Igbo Imabana. We are poised to investigate such ...

  13. An Explication of Vygotskian Sociocultural Theory as Evidenced by Ethomethodological Findings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Behrooz Azabdaftari

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available For centuries the speculations on man's mental functioning posed a great challenge for the scholars in various disciplines such as philosophy, psychology, sociocultural studies, education, ethnolinguistics, discourse analysis, literary criticism. Researchers have been pondering over the ticklish question: is it the mind making the human society, or is it the society that shapes up the human mind? Researchers not informed in Vygotsky's contribution to the resolution of the issue, may still find the vicious circular question glaring in the face. But thanks to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory (SCT, the hazy horizon has cleared away and today we are convinced of the truth of Vygotsky's claim that man's mental functioning is mediated by sociocultural artifacts (physical and psychological tools which imbue us with the capacity the shape natural environment, and in so doing change the natural circumstances in which we live, and the capacity to organize and gain voluntary control over our biologically specified mental functioning. The pivotal concept in this outlook is that man, released from biological constraints, emerges as the master of his own destiny. It goes without saying that a conception as such invests the educationists, social reformers, statesmen with a grave responsibility regarding the necessity of providing appropriate conditions for individual's cognitive, ethical and social development. Indeed, Vygotsky's position on the genesis of man's higher mental functioning which is said to be hinging on the social, cultural, and historical variables provides a viable solution to the mind-society enigma. This said, we intend to submit some ethnomethodological evidence in support of Vygotsky's claim regarding the genesis of man's higher mental conditioning.

  14. Socio-cultural barriers to the development of a sustainable energy system - the case of hydrogen

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Petersen, Lars Kjerulf; Andersen, Anne Holst

    Any transition to a more sustainable energy system, radically reducing greenhouse gas emissions, is bound to run in to a host of different barriers - technological and economic, but also socio-cultural. This will also be the case for any large-scale application of hydrogen as energy carrier......, especially if the system is going to be based on renewable energy sources. The aim of these research notes is to review and discuss major socio-cultural barriers to new forms of energy supply in general and to hydrogen specifically. Reaching sufficient reductions in greenhouse gas emissions may require more...

  15. Critical Socio-Cultural Elements of the Intercultural Endeavour of English Teaching in Colombian Rural Areas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Ximena Bonilla

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available This article reports a study done with five English language teachers in Colombian rural areas. Questionnaires and interviews were used to see how these teachers understand their professional practice considering the contextual features of their regional workplaces. Amongst the findings, we noticed that these teachers have to mediate between local and global tensions and also deal with socio-cultural matches and mismatches in their labours. It is hoped this work raises awareness of critical socio-cultural factors involved in the teaching of English in rural settings and of the complexity of its intercultural dimension.

  16. Basic Behavioral Science Research for Mental Health. Sociocultural and Environmental Processes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    American Psychologist, 1996

    1996-01-01

    Provides an overview of accomplishments in sociocultural and cross-cultural research and explores how culture influences the course of mental illness. The influence of race and ethnicity on mental health within a multicultural society is discussed as well as the influences of socioeconomic status, changing work roles, communities, and local…

  17. Crisis vital desde una perspectiva de género

    OpenAIRE

    Castro, Eva; Flores López, Olga

    2004-01-01

    A continuación se presenta el caso de una mujer de 55 años que presenta una crisis de identidad, abordado desde una perspectiva de género y un modelo explicativo y terapéutico que incluye elementos del análisis transaccional y la terapia constructivista.

  18. Definición de un perfil de maestro de matemáticas en concordancia con la educación para la sostenibilidad

    OpenAIRE

    Calabuig i Serra, Teresa; Alsina, Angel; Geli, Anna M.

    2017-01-01

    Con el objetivo de establecer una relación efectiva entre la matemática y el contexto físico y sociocultural, esta investigación ha establecido conexiones entre la educación matemática (EDM) y la educación para la sostenibilidad (EDS). En el estudio se han determinado espacios de acción y de investigación comunes a ambos campos de trabajo. El marco teórico que da cobijo a todo ello está compuesto por el paradigma de la complejidad, la perspectiva sociocultural del aprendizaje y el aprendizaje...

  19. El aprendizaje significativo en las ciencias al participar en proyectos de investigacion cientifica

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mora Polanco, Miguelena

    La ciencia es el eje fundamental a traves del cual se desarrollan las habilidades necesarias para el pensar cientifico que va a la busqueda del conocimiento cientifico. La intencion de este estudio fue indagar en el tema de investigacion cientifica desde el punto de vista de los participantes en los siguientes aspectos relacionados con la experiencia de investigacion cientifica: a) conceptos, b) proceso, c) destrezas y d) disposicion. Tambien se analizaron: a) las perspectivas del metodo cientifico, b) la estrategia de ensenanza, c) la cultura cientifica y d) la exposicion del proyecto investigativo en la Feria Cientifica; como parte del aprendizaje significativo de la ciencias de los participantes. Esta investigacion cualitativa propuso como diseno el estudio de caso. Los aspectos relacionados a la experiencia de participar en proyecto de investigacion cientifica son el fenomeno o caso bajo estudio. En el estudio participaron cinco (5) estudiantes egresados de escuela publica o privada que cursaban hasta el tercer ano de estudios universitarios, conducentes a un bachillerato en educacion secundaria en ciencias o en ciencias naturales. Las tecnicas utilizadas para recopilar los datos fueron: analisis de documentos del DEPR, revision de artefactos y entrevistas profundas. Para el analisis de los datos de las entrevistas se utilizo el modelo de Wolcott (1994). Del analisis de documentos del DEPR se identificaron areas a mejorar en las guias de las cartas circulares con relacion a la investigacion escolar y la feria cientifica. El analisis de los artefactos proveyo evidencia de como los internados, simposios e investigaciones fomentan el que los estudiantes se superen en el aspecto cognitivo, se conviertan en creadores del conocimiento, al hacer suyo los conceptos para poder explicarlos al publico. De las entrevistas los participantes manifestaron que la experiencia de investigacion fue una de aprendizaje significativo que los marco para toda la vida y les expandio su

  20. The Integration of Cognitive and Sociocultural Theories of Literacy Development: Why? How?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Davidson, Katherine

    2010-01-01

    Cognitive and sociocultural theories of literacy development are historically considered incommensurable in practice and in research. Cognitivists view literacy development as a succession of qualitatively varied skills whereas socioculturalists view literacy as socially and culturally embedded. Traditional educational discourses tend to reflect…

  1. Socio-cultural variation in reading comprehension development among fifth graders in Peru

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Morales Silva, S.L.; Verhoeven, L.T.W.; Leeuwe, J.F.J. van

    2011-01-01

    In this study, the socio-cultural variation in reading comprehension development was examined in 331 fifth graders from schools in Lima, Peru. Reading comprehension was measured using an adaptation of the PIRLS Reading Literacy test. The fifth graders' reading comprehension results, measured over

  2. Socio-cultural predictors of reading literacy in fourth graders in Lima, Peru

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Morales Silva, S.L.; Verhoeven, L.T.W.; Leeuwe, J.F.J. van

    2008-01-01

    This study investigates socio-cultural cognitive literacy predictors for reading literacy (RL), tested in 314 fourth graders from two different levels of social economic status in Lima, Peru. The following variables were tested as predictors: word decoding, vocabulary, motivation to read, reading

  3. Learning motivation and giftedness in sociocultural diverse Latin America and the Caribbean societies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sheyla Blumen

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available This theoretical review aims to integrate state-of-the-art learning motivation theoretical concepts within the context of gifted and talent development models for native children living in Latin America and the Caribbean sociocultural diverse societies. Motivation as a determinant factor and a promoter of gifted achievement is analyzed. Also the relation between motivation, outstanding performance and underachievement is discussed and tendencies found in social-emotional development of the gifted linked to motivation are explored. Final remarks are given on the significant role of motivation in the achievement of gifted and talented children living under diverse socio-cultural influences that bias their performance on standardized measures. Recommendations highlight the importance of further research, in order to reach a convergence of theoretical and practical elements needed to promote Latin American children's talent.

  4. Body dissatisfaction and socio-cultural factors in women with and without BED: their relation with eating psychopathology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bautista-Díaz, M L; Franco-Paredes, K; Mancilla-Díaz, J M; Alvarez-Rayón, G; López-Aguilar, X; Ocampo Téllez-Girón, T; Soto-González, Y

    2012-06-01

    The goal of the present study was to assess the role of body dissatisfaction and socio-cultural factors on eating psychopathology in women with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and women without BED. Seventy obese women consecutively evaluated participated: 35 with BED and 35 without BED who attended for the first time in a weight loss program. All participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including: Body Shape Questionnaire, Questionnaire of Influences on the Aesthetic Body Shape Model, Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, and they were interviewed with the Interview for the Diagnosis of Eating Disorder-IV. The Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Body Fat were calculated. The results showed that 21% of obese women who participated in a weight reduction program met BED criteria. The scores of body dissatisfaction, influences of socio-cultural factors and eating psychopathology were higher in women with BED compared with women without BED. In the same way, significantly stronger correlations were found among influences of socio-cultural factors, specifically, influence of advertisement, social relations and eating psychopathology in women with BED than women without BED. It is concluded that the high body dissatisfaction as well as stronger associations among influence of socio-cultural factors and eating psychopathology could play an important role in women with BED.

  5. The Impact of TV Viewing Motivations on Psychological and Sociocultural Adjustment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Guo-Ming

    A study examined the impact of TV viewing motivations on 126 Asian students' psychological and sociocultural adjustment. Subjects were enrolled in a midsize university in the New England area. TV viewing motivation was measured by A. M. Rubin's TV Viewing Motivations Scale. Psychological adjustment was measured by W. Zung's Self Rating Depression…

  6. SOCIOCULTURAL INTEGRATION AS A TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTIVE CONFLICT RESOLUTION: THE CASE OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. E. Popov

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper is devoted to research of sociocultural integration as a tool for resolving regional conflicts. The modern theory of conflict resolution focuses on the ability of the sociocultural integration in the transformation of destructive identity-based conflicts into conflicts of interest. The author considers the systemic factors of the identity-based conflicts and emphasizes destabilizing role of the politicization of ethnicity. Ethnic mobilization, social inequalities, economic polarization and civic identity crisis are structural factors that determine the acuity of ethnic tension and escalation of regional identity conflicts as a result. Contradictions between the modernization system and social disintegration are the primary source of identity conflicts in theNorth Caucasus. Regionalization takes conflictogenic form in this case, i.e. the specifics of regional conflicts is associated with a conflict of static (traditionalization and dynamic (modernization types of social propagation. Structurally, escalation of violence in regional conflicts is determined by the intensity and scope of ethnic mobilization and social dissatisfaction as necessary conditions of a collision. Regional conflicts affect existentially meaningful collective values and group identities, that is why the participants are involved emotionally into identification conflicts; due to their emotional charge and irrationality, identity conflicts are no longer a means of overcoming social frustrations, but a destructive goal in itself, i.e. ethnicity polarization and negative cultural stereotypes in perceiving “the others” play a key role in initiating such conflicts. The following must be considered for discussing anti-conflict mechanisms of sociocultural integration in theNorth Caucasus. First, sociocultural integration is a political project with its content determined to a wide extent by defense challenges of the polyethnic Russian society. Second, development of the

  7. LA GERENCIA EN LAS ORGANIZACIONES SOCIALES: PERSPECTIVA CRÍTICA INTERPRETATIVA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Migdy Chacin

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación discute y analiza la gerencia como proceso sustentada en los actores sociales y en las dinámicas de la organización caracterizada por los cambios y trasformaciones de la temporalidad. Se propicia estudio desde una perspectiva crítica interpretativa. Se parte de información recabada a partir de gerentes de diferentes instituciones sociales públicas y privadas, a quines se les solicito su concepción acerca de la gerencia, las funciones y actividades relacionadas con su hacer gerencial y su postura frente al abordaje de este fenómeno. Posteriormente, se contrastó esa realidad con investigaciones y acercamientos teóricos sobre la materia con la intencionalidad de lograr evidencias para fundamentar la postura de los investigadores en cuanto a abordar gerencia en las organizaciones desde otra postura en el entendido, que no hay única forma de llegar al conocimiento sino que este debe analizarse desde diferentes perspectivas mas aun, cuando se trata de organizaciones que son complejas y dinámicas. La investigación concluye valorando la incorporación de la perspectiva critica interpretativa en el abordaje del fenómeno gerencial por cuanto, da sentido a la experiencia vivida por los actores que forman parte de las organizaciones sociales, es decir de la gente común, que comparte funciones y acciones llenas de intencionalidad, de motivos y propósitos, sobre la base de su propia vida y la de la organización social en la cual convive.

  8. Sociocultural tailoring of a healthy lifestyle intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk among Latinos.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mudd-Martin, Gia; Martinez, Maria C; Rayens, Mary Kay; Gokun, Yevgeniya; Meininger, Janet C

    2013-11-27

    Suboptimal lifestyle factors in combination with genetic susceptibility contribute to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk among Latinos. We describe a community-academic collaboration that developed and explored the feasibility of implementing a socioculturally tailored, healthy lifestyle intervention integrating genomics and family history education to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes among Latinos. The community-based participatory research was conducted with communities in Kentucky, which has a rapidly growing Latino population. This growth underscores the need for socioculturally appropriate health resources. Su Corazon, Su Vida (Your Heart, Your Life) is a Spanish-language, healthy lifestyle educational program to reduce cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk among Latinos. Twenty natural leaders from an urban Latino community in Kentucky participated in sociocultural tailoring of the program and development of a genomics and family history module. The tailored program was presented to 22 participants to explore implementation feasibility and assess appropriateness for community use. Preintervention and postintervention assessments of genomic knowledge and lifestyle behaviors and qualitative postintervention evaluations were conducted. Postintervention improvements in health-promoting lifestyle choices and genomic knowledge specific to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes suggested that the program may be effective in reducing risk. Feedback indicated the program was socioculturally acceptable and responsive to community needs. These findings indicated that a tailored healthy lifestyle program integrating genomics and family history education was socioculturally appropriate and may feasibly be implemented to reduce cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk in a Latino community with limited health care resources. The project highlights contributions of community-based processes in tailoring

  9. A Socio-Cultural Perspective on Children's Early Language: A Family Study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marjanovic-Umek, Ljubica; Fekonja-Peklaj, Urška; Socan, Gregor; Tašner, Veronika

    2015-01-01

    This study examines the effect of certain socio-cultural factors of the family environment on the language of toddlers and children in early childhood. The sample included 86 families with one- to six-year-old children. The data on the social, economic, and cultural factors of the family environment, parental reading literacy, parental knowledge…

  10. From Sociocultural Disintegration to Community Connectedness Dimensions of Local Community Concepts and Their Effects on Psychological Health of Its Residents

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tom Sørensen

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available In a series of community mental health promotion studies in Lofoten, Norway, the concept of sociocultural integration is used to describe properties of a local community that are related to people's psychological health. Starting with Durkheim's description of a cohesive society, we compare different concepts that are related to sociocultural integration, for example, sense of community, social capital, and social cohesion. We then examine the relationship of various individual oriented social psychological concepts to sociocultural integration. These concepts often share theoretical and operational definitions. The concept of sociocultural integration in the Lofoten studies was proved to be very valuable in understanding how the properties of a community can affect people's mental health and their social psychological properties. It has also shown its value in the planning of mental health services and demonstrating its success in concrete community-based mental health promotion projects. Thus they could make important contributions to further studies and actions in local communities where the intersection between the individual, their social network, and their local community occurs.

  11. The Sociocultural and Economic Evolution of Mansaf in Hartha, Northern Jordan

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ammar Abdelkarim Ali Alobiedat

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Food and cooking techniques play key roles in preserving cultural sustainability and individual identity. Everything people eat becomes a part of not only their biological being, but also represents and identifies a part of a community’s sociocultural fabric. Using the loom approach, a new model to heritage interpretation, this paper intends to examine the sociocultural and economic dynamics during the preparation, cooking, and eating of mansaf—Jordan’s national dish—throughout its history. To reconstruct the heritage of mansaf and present it as a complete picture, both the tangible heritage, such as cooking equipment, whether modern or traditional, and the intangible heritage, such as the cooking techniques and associated traditions and activities, were analyzed. Mansaf has changed greatly over the past decades; however, living memory does not extend much beyond the 1940s within the informants to further examine mansaf’s changes in the case study of the village of Hartha, Northwest Jordan. Mansaf still remains an important signifier of major occasions, a tie to local heritage, and part of local and national identities.

  12. Teachers' Knowledge and Views on the Use of Learners' Socio-Cultural Background in Teaching Natural Sciences in Grade 9 Township Classes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mavuru, Lydia; Ramnarain, Umesh

    2017-01-01

    This article explores teachers' knowledge and views on the role of learners' socio-cultural background when teaching Natural Sciences to Grade 9 learners at three South African township schools. Within a socio-cultural framework, the research investigated how teachers accommodate learners' cultural norms and values, religion and beliefs,…

  13. "Cooking Lunch, That's Swiss": Constructing Hybrid Identities Based on Socio-Cultural Practices

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gonçalves, Kellie

    2013-01-01

    This study looks at the discursive construction and negotiation of hybrid identities within binational couples. I analyze conversations produced by Anglophones married to German-speaking Swiss residing in central Switzerland. I employ Bucholtz & Hall's sociocultural linguistic model (2004, 2005, 2010), which views identity as emergent in…

  14. Oral health in children and adolescents with different socio-cultural and socio-economic backgrounds

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Lisa Bøge; Twetman, Svante; Sundby, Annette

    2010-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: To describe the occurrence and severity of dental caries in children and adolescents and to relate these findings to the subject's socio-cultural and socio-economic backgrounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study in 12 706 children aged 5, 7, 12 and 15 years was conducted...... in 2006. Data on children's caries experience were collected from public oral health registers and pooled with socio-cultural and socio-economic data obtained from official statistics. The study population represented 76% of all registered inhabitants. RESULTS: Among 5- and 7-year-old children with non...... preventive strategy is proposed to meet the needs of children in risk of caries, and appropriate oral health-promotion programmes should be organized in collaboration with leaders from different ethnic minorities....

  15. Acculturation Attitudes and Sociocultural Adaptation of Chinese Mainland Sojourners in Hong Kong

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yuanyi Ma

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Within these years, there has been a significant increase in the number of Chinese Mainland sojourners studying in Hong Kong. Due to the huge differences in various aspects like language, culture, cultural value, it would be considerably difficult for the Chinese Mainland students to adapt to the Hong Kong environment. This article investigates the ways for a group of doctoral students from Chinese Mainland to acculturate in Hong Kong. With the help of questionnaires, the difficulties that the sojourners have encountered in social situations are measured. It is found out that age and gender may have influenced the participants’ acculturation strategies, and interpersonal relationship is that which the subjects have the most difficulties with, while academic domain is the area with the least difficulties. Meanwhile, the results have shown that competence of local language is not a determinant factor of the sociocultural adaptation, and female subjects seem to adapt better than male subjects. Keywords: sojourner, acculturation, sociocultural adaptation, acculturation strategy

  16. Contribuições ao estudo do brand equity integrado - perspectiva financeira e do consumidor - estudo de caso no mercado do futebol

    OpenAIRE

    Laura Mendes Louzada

    2015-01-01

    A marca é um importante ativo intangível para as empresas, que pode contribuir para aumentar o valor e o sucesso no mercado. O bom gerenciamento da marca exige um sistema para entender e medir como o valor da marca é criado. Tratado, na maioria das vezes, como brand equity, existem diversas perspectivas nas quais ele é abordado. Alguns modelos abordam perspectivas exclusivamente financeiras. Outros, exclusivamente relacionadas ao consumidor. Outros ainda, convergem ambas perspectivas. O prese...

  17. Brexit na perspectiva do Path Dependency

    OpenAIRE

    Giorgio Romano Schutte

    2018-01-01

    Esta pesquisa analisou o Brexit em uma perspectiva histórica, focando a conturbada relação entre a Europa continental e o Reino Unido ao longo do século XX, com ênfase no período pós Segunda Guerra Mundial. Foi utilizado o conceito de path dependency para argumentar sobre o papel de fatores históricos e decisões do passado, embora tomados em outras circunstâncias, ainda com força para influenciar o presente, para entender o Brexit. A premissa básica que será apresentada no ensaio é que o Rein...

  18. Do silêncio à polifonia : contributos da teoria sociocultural para a educação online

    OpenAIRE

    Aires, Luísa

    2003-01-01

    No presente artigo exploram-se as potencialidades da teoria sociocultural e a sua aplicação à análise dos processos educativos online. Parte-se da seguinte questão básica: qual é a relevância teórico-metodológica da teoria sociocultural para a interpretação da acção educativa, em geral, e da acção educativa online, em particular? A forte imbricação entre indivíduos, contextos e instrumentos mediadores ganha especial consistência nas investigações desenvolvidas no âmbito desta corr...

  19. DIÁLOGO DE LAS PERSPECTIVAS DE PERFIL CONCEPTUAL Y CONGLOMERADOS DE RELEVANCIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa I. Pedreros-M.

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo forma parte del desarrollo de la investigación doctoral titulada “Perfil conceptual del calor en comunidades culturalmente diferenciadas” y tiene como intención socializar las perspectivas de perfil conceptual y conglomerados de relevancia como referentes teóricos y metodológicos que permitan proponer nuevas opciones para pensar la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias o la educación en ciencias, que observen los modos de pensar y hablar de los estudiantes y las relaciones entre la cultura local y el conocimiento escolar. Se exponen el origen, los referentes, las consideraciones sobre la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las ciencias y las razones para investigar desde estas perspectivas.

  20. EVALUACIÓN DE RESULTADOS QUIRÚRGICOS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DEL PACIENTE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dra. Claudia R Albornoz G

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Medir la calidad de vida relacionada a salud y los síntomas de los pacientes es un problema difícil. Las medición de los problemas de salud mediante escalas o cuestionarios se ha desarrollado para crear los Instrumentos de Evaluación desde la Perspectiva del Paciente o PRO's por su nombre en inglés: Patient-reported outcomes. Los PROs evalúan la calidad de vida en forma genérica o específica en un continuo, entregando instrumentos que pueden evaluar la gravedad de una enfermedad o el impacto de una intervención desde la perspectiva del paciente en frecuentes escenarios clínicos. El objetivo de la presente revisión es entregar a clínicos e investigadores una introducción hacia los PROs y resumir sus principales propiedades.

  1. Risk analysis-based food safety policy: scientific factors versus socio-cultural factors

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Rosa, P.; Knapen, van F.; Brom, F.W.A.

    2008-01-01

    The purpose of this article is to illustrate the importance of socio-cultural factors in risk management and the need to incorporate these factors in a standard, internationally recognized (wto) framework. This was achieved by analysing the relevance of these factors in 3 cases
    The purpose of

  2. Socio-cultural inhibitors to use of modern contraceptive techniques in rural Uganda: a qualitative study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kabagenyi, Allen; Reid, Alice; Ntozi, James; Atuyambe, Lynn

    2016-01-01

    Introduction Family planning is one of the cost-effective strategies in reducing maternal and child morbidity and mortality rates. Yet in Uganda, the contraceptive prevalence rate is only 30% among married women in conjunction with a persistently high fertility rate of 6.2 children per woman. These demographic indicators have contributed to a high population growth rate of over 3.2% annually. This study examines the role of socio-cultural inhibitions in the use of modern contraceptives in rural Uganda. Methods This was a qualitative study conducted in 2012 among men aged 15-64 and women aged 15-49 in the districts of Mpigi and Bugiri in rural Uganda. Eighteen selected focus group discussions (FGDs), each internally homogeneous, and eight in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted among men and women. Data were collected on sociocultural beliefs and practices, barriers to modern contraceptive use and perceptions of and attitudes to contraceptive use. All interviews were tape recoded, translated and transcribed verbatim. All the transcripts were coded, prearranged into categories and later analyzed using a latent content analysis approach, with support of ATLAS.ti qualitative software. Suitable quotations were used to provide in-depth explanations of the findings. Results Three themes central in hindering the uptake of modern contraceptives emerged: (i) persistence of socio-cultural beliefs and practices promoting births (such as polygamy, extending family lineage, replacement of the dead, gender-based violence, power relations and twin myths). (ii) Continued reliance on traditional family planning practices and (iii) misconceptions and fears about modern contraception. Conclusion Sociocultural expectations and values attached to marriage, women and child bearing remain an impediment to using family planning methods. The study suggests a need to eradicate the cultural beliefs and practices that hinder people from using contraceptives, as well as a need to scale

  3. Socio-cultural inhibitors to use of modern contraceptive techniques in rural Uganda: a qualitative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kabagenyi, Allen; Reid, Alice; Ntozi, James; Atuyambe, Lynn

    2016-01-01

    Family planning is one of the cost-effective strategies in reducing maternal and child morbidity and mortality rates. Yet in Uganda, the contraceptive prevalence rate is only 30% among married women in conjunction with a persistently high fertility rate of 6.2 children per woman. These demographic indicators have contributed to a high population growth rate of over 3.2% annually. This study examines the role of socio-cultural inhibitions in the use of modern contraceptives in rural Uganda. This was a qualitative study conducted in 2012 among men aged 15-64 and women aged 15-49 in the districts of Mpigi and Bugiri in rural Uganda. Eighteen selected focus group discussions (FGDs), each internally homogeneous, and eight in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted among men and women. Data were collected on sociocultural beliefs and practices, barriers to modern contraceptive use and perceptions of and attitudes to contraceptive use. All interviews were tape recoded, translated and transcribed verbatim. All the transcripts were coded, prearranged into categories and later analyzed using a latent content analysis approach, with support of ATLAS.ti qualitative software. Suitable quotations were used to provide in-depth explanations of the findings. Three themes central in hindering the uptake of modern contraceptives emerged: (i) persistence of socio-cultural beliefs and practices promoting births (such as polygamy, extending family lineage, replacement of the dead, gender-based violence, power relations and twin myths). (ii) Continued reliance on traditional family planning practices and (iii) misconceptions and fears about modern contraception. Sociocultural expectations and values attached to marriage, women and child bearing remain an impediment to using family planning methods. The study suggests a need to eradicate the cultural beliefs and practices that hinder people from using contraceptives, as well as a need to scale-up family planning services and sensitization

  4. Sociocultural and psychological determinants in migrants for noncompliance with occlusion therapy for amblyopia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    A.M. Tjiam (Angela); H. Akcan (Hilal); F. Ziylan (Fatma); E. Vukovic; S.E. Loudon (Sjoukje); C.W.N. Looman (Caspar); J. Passchier (Jan); H.J. Simonsz (Huib)

    2011-01-01

    textabstractBackground: Compliance with occlusion therapy for amblyopia in children is low when their parents have a low level of education, speak Dutch poorly, or originate from another country. We determined how sociocultural and psychological determinants affect compliance. Methods: Included were

  5. Study of urban spatial utilization on socio-cultural and environment based on sustainability index (study in Denpasar city)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wiryananda, N. G. A. K.; Hasibuan, H. S.; Madiasworo, T.

    2018-03-01

    The rapid development of tourism and population growth in Denpasar City stimulated the dynamic changes in the spatial utilization. This study aims to analyse the impact of spatial utilization on sociocultural and environment and formulate the sustainable spatial utilization that accommodate both social and environmental aspects. This research uses methods of spatial analysis and sustainability index. The results showed that during the period of 2011 to 2015 there was an increase of settlement and tourism land uses, meanwhile at the same period the paddy field decreased. The impact of spatial utilization on sociocultural leads to unsustainable, that showed by the decreasing of the sociocultural index from 1.038 in 2011 to 1.036 in 2015. The low of sociocultural index was stated by the increasing poverty, the obedience of traditional rules of purity radius of Temple and the height limit of the building. The impact of spatial utilization on environmental leads to unsustainable, with the environmental index of 1.065 in 2011 decreased to 1.056 in 2015. The decline of environmental index is due to reduced green open space and paddy field. The strategy formulation of sustainable spatial utilization is done by integrating traditional rules into spatial planning, plan the vertical building, strengthening implementation of traditional rules, implementation of perennial paddy field, and the establishment of traditional task control unit of spatial control.

  6. Sociocultural factors contributing to teenage pregnancy in Zomba district, Malawi.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaphagawani, Nanzen Caroline; Kalipeni, Ezekiel

    2017-06-01

    This study explores sociocultural and other risk factors associated with unplanned teenage pregnancy in Zomba district of Malawi. Data were obtained from 505 participants under the age of 20 years using a questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews held at five antenatal clinics. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, frequency tables and chi-square analysis which allowed comparative understanding of the sociocultural risk factors for planned and unplanned teenage pregnancy in Zomba district. The findings revealed that teenage pregnancy is a major health and social problem. Over 76% of the teenage respondents in the study had experienced unplanned pregnancy. Among the prominent factors that stood out in the analysis for this high rate of teenage pregnancy were early sex and marriage, low contraceptive use, low educational levels, low socio-economic status, lack of knowledge of reproductive and sexual health, gender inequity, and physical/sexual violence. The consequences on teenage mothers of unplanned pregnancy have been tragic and have compromised their physical, psychological and socioeconomic wellbeing, not just on them but also their families and society at large. The findings point to the need for a multi-sectoral approach to tackle the problem on teenage pregnancy in this district, and likely throughout Malawi.

  7. Clinical Diagnostic and Sociocultural Dimensions of Deliberate Self-Harm in Mumbai, India

    Science.gov (United States)

    Parkar, Shubhangi R.; Dawani, Varsha; Weiss, Mitchell G.

    2006-01-01

    Patients' accounts complement psychiatric assessment of deliberate self-harm (DSH). In this study we examined psychiatric disorders, and sociocultural and cross-cultural features of DSH. SCID diagnostic interviews and a locally adapted EMIC interview were used to study 196 patients after DSH at a general hospital in Mumbai, India. Major depression…

  8. Biological and socio-cultural factors during the school years predicting women’s lifetime educational attainment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hendrick, C. Emily; Cohen, Alison K.; Deardorff, Julianna

    2015-01-01

    BACKGROUND Lifetime educational attainment is an important predictor of health and well-being for women in the United States. In the current study, we examine the roles of socio-cultural factors in youth and an understudied biological life event, pubertal timing, in predicting women’s lifetime educational attainment. METHODS Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort (N = 3889), we conducted sequential multivariate linear regression analyses to investigate the influences of macro-level and family-level socio-cultural contextual factors in youth (region of country, urbanicity, race/ethnicity, year of birth, household composition, mother’s education, mother’s age at first birth) and early menarche, a marker of early pubertal development, on women’s educational attainment after age 24. RESULTS Pubertal timing and all socio-cultural factors in youth, other than year of birth, predicted women’s lifetime educational attainment in bivariate models. Family factors had the strongest associations. When family factors were added to multivariate models, geographic region in youth and pubertal timing were no longer significant. CONCLUSION Our findings provide additional evidence that family factors should be considered when developing comprehensive and inclusive interventions in childhood and adolescence to promote lifetime educational attainment among girls. PMID:26830508

  9. Etiology of eating disorders: biological, psychological and sociocultural determinants

    OpenAIRE

    Morgan, Christina Marcondes [UNIFESP; Vecchiatti, Ilka Ramalho [UNIFESP; Negrão, André Brooking [UNIFESP

    2002-01-01

    Os transtornos alimentares possuem uma etiologia multifatorial, composta de predisposições genéticas, socioculturais e vulnerabilidades biológicas e psicológicas. Entre os fatores predisponentes, destacam-se a história de transtorno alimentar e (ou) transtorno do humor na família, os padrões de interação presentes no ambiente familiar, o contexto sociocultural, caracterizado pela extrema valorização do corpo magro, disfunções no metabolismo das monoaminas centrais e traços de personalidade. A...

  10. Perspectivas acerca del autismo: el problema de la relación fenómeno-estructura

    OpenAIRE

    Sosa, Martín; Gascón, María Constanza

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo se inscribe en el proyecto de investigación en vigencia denominado "Las variedades del autismo: sistematización y evaluación de la demanda asistencial. Segunda etapa" (2015/2016) aprobado y subsidiado por la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Examinaremos en esta ocasión diversas perspectivas dentro de la orientación lacaniana respecto de la relación fenómeno-estructura en el campo de lo que se denomina autismo. Dichas perspectivas van desde la ...

  11. Breaking the circle: challenging Western sociocultural norms for appearance influences young women's attention to appearance-related media.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mischner, Isabelle H S; van Schie, Hein T; Engels, Rutger C M E

    2013-06-01

    Paying attention to thin media models may negatively affect women's self-evaluation. This study aimed to reduce the amount of attention that young women give to appearance-related information by challenging the sociocultural norms for appearance, and studied the moderating role of self-esteem. Seventy-one college women either received norm-confirming, norm-challenging, or no information regarding the sociocultural norms for appearance. Subsequently, participants' visual attention to appearance-related and neutral advertisements was measured using an eye-tracker. The results demonstrate that when no information or norm-confirming information was received, women with lower self-esteem paid more attention to the appearance-related advertisements than women with higher self-esteem. Importantly however, when norm-challenging information was received, women with lower self-esteem paid significantly less attention to the appearance-related ads than women with lower self-esteem who did not receive this manipulation. These findings indicate that challenging the sociocultural norms for appearance can attenuate the amount of attention women give to appearance-related media. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. Socio-Cultural Variation in Reading Comprehension Development among Fifth Graders in Peru

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silva, Silvia Morales; Verhoeven, Ludo; van Leeuwe, Jan

    2011-01-01

    In this study, the socio-cultural variation in reading comprehension development was examined in 331 fifth graders from schools in Lima, Peru. Reading comprehension was measured using an adaptation of the PIRLS Reading Literacy test. The fifth graders' reading comprehension results, measured over the course of fifth grade, were related to the…

  13. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling of socio-cultural constructs among chamorro and non-chamorro micronesian betel nut chewers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Murphy, Kelle L; Liu, Min; Herzog, Thaddeus A

    2017-07-05

    Betel nut chewing is embedded within the cultures of South Asia, and Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific. The determinants of betel nut consumption are complex. Ongoing consumption of betel nut is affected by cultural, social, and drug-specific effects (i.e. dependence). This study's first objective was to assess the psychometric properties (i.e. reliability and validity) of the socio-cultural constructs in a survey developed for betel nut chewers. The study's second objective was to investigate the influence of socio-cultural variables on betel nut chewing behaviors among Chamorro and non-Chamorro Micronesians in Guam. The current study was a secondary analysis of a larger study (N = 600; n = 375 chewers and n = 225 former chewers) that examined socio-cultural factors that influence why chewers chew betel nut, along with assessing chewing behaviors, perceptions of risks, probability of changing behaviors, and methods that could be used to reduce use or quit. The socio-cultural constructs of the survey were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The socio-cultural factors were a sufficient fit with data and the instrument is reliable and valid, as indicated by various model fit indices (χ 2 (13) = 18.49 with p = .14, TLI = .99, CFI = 1.00, SRMR = .02, RMSEA = .03 with 90% CIs [.00,.07]). Cronbach's alpha, the sign and magnitude of the factor loadings, the inter-factor correlations, and the large proportion of variance extracted for each factor, all indicate that the instrument is reliable and valid. Additionally, multivariate analyses showed that socio-cultural reasons were important contributing or chewing betel nut. Participants cited chewing because their friends and family members chewed, the behavior is embedded within their culture, and it would be considered rude and disrespectful to not chew. Based on the findings, this study provides important implications pertaining to

  14. Psicología positiva: una nueva perspectiva en psicología

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    Francoise Contreras

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available La psicología positiva fue definida por Seligman (1999 como el estudio científico de las experiencias positivas, los rasgos individuales positivos, las instituciones que facilitan su desarrollo y los programas que ayudan a mejorar la calidad de vida de los individuos, mientras previene o reduce la incidencia de la psicopatología. Fue definida también como el estudio científico de las fortalezas y virtudes humanas, las cuales permiten adoptar una perspectiva más abierta respecto al potencial humano, sus motivaciones y capacidades. El propósito de este artículo es presentar una revisión teórica acerca de este movimiento reciente reciente en la psicología desde un enfoque cognitivo comportamental, sus antecedentes, definición, principales presupuestos, campos aplicados en los que ha tenido mayores adelantos y algunas perspectivas de desarrollo.

  15. The Position of a Teacher as a Factor of Forming Students' Socio-Cultural Identities (On the Example of the Russian Civil Identity)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shakurova, Marina V.

    2015-01-01

    The article presents experience of structuring and description of teachers' position in the process of forming socio-cultural identity of the person, detailed in regard to the process of formation of one of the subtypes of socio-cultural identity--Russian civil identity. We identified and described real subjective, nominally subjective and…

  16. Desarrollo social y personalidad. Una perspectiva interdisciplinar

    OpenAIRE

    Riesco González, Manuel

    2012-01-01

    En las siguientes páginas se pretende establecer un diálogo interdisciplinar y abierto sobre cuestiones relevantes acerca del desarrollo social y de la personalidad. A partir de una breve reseña histórica del tema desde una perspectiva psicológica, se trata de comprender, con una visión amplia, el progreso humano como marco general del desarrollo social y de las personas. Finalmente, se muestra un bosquejo de la sociedad actual, definida como “sociedad del conocimiento”, “sociedad abierta” y ...

  17. Percepciones de la comunidad local infantil en Huatulco, México. Un acercamiento al estudio del cambio sociocultural asociado al turismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Carlos Monterrubio Cordero

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Las percepciones hacia el turismo y sus impactos se han establecido como un tema en la agenda de investigación turística internacional. La gran mayoría de los estudios han basado sus análisis en la población local adulta y en los países industrializados. Sin embargo, debido a los efectos que el turismo puede generar en la comunidad infantil residente, y en las representaciones de ésta sobre su entorno, las percepciones de los niños deben también ser incorporadas en los análisis de los impactos del turismo. En este sentido, el presente artículo describe los hallazgos de una investigación exploratoria, cuyo objetivo fue identificar las percepciones de niños residentes - de Huatulco, México- hacia el turismo y el cambio sociocultural que éste genera en el destino turístico internacional. A través de la entrevista y el dibujo como estrategias metodológicas, se realizó un estudio de caso con niños locales. Los hallazgos sugieren que el empleo, la infraestructura y el orgullo local son identificados como beneficios del turismo; en contraparte, la generación de basura, la delincuencia y la deforestación se enlistaron, por los niños, como costos de la actividad. Como conclusión principal, el artículo reconoce la importancia de incorporar las perspectivas de los niños a los procesos de planificación turística del destino y reconoce la utilidad del dibujo como estrategia metodológica.

  18. Sobre las habilidades espaciales y la dimensión sociocultural del aprendizaje de "lo geométrico"

    OpenAIRE

    Andrade, Melissa; Cantoral, Ricardo

    2013-01-01

    En esta comunicación se establece la primera aproximación a un proyecto de investigación, enmarcado bajo la Teoría Socioepistemológica, que busca responder de qué manera las culturas a través de la historia han logrado apropiarse del espacio y cómo ésta apropiación ha sido influenciada por su entorno sociocultural. Para ello se presenta el estado del arte, dando a conocer algunos estudios en torno a la visualización espacial y a la profunda interacción de lo sociocultural en el aprendizaje de...

  19. Aproximación epistemológica de la conciencia en psicología: una perspectiva comportamental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edgar Salgado-García

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Este ensayo presenta un panorama general acerca del estudio de la consciencia y de cómo podría conceptualizarse desde una perspectiva conductual. Se discuten las principales contribuciones del análisis experimental de la conducta y se comparan con las de los más importantes enfoques teóricos sobre la consciencia. Los primeros apartados se centran en los aspectos teóricos y empíricos relacionados con el concepto de consciencia. Los siguientes apartados versan sobre una epistemología conductual en medio de las perspectivas fenomenológica, cognoscitiva y biológica, así como algunos desarrollos en el campo del análisis de la conducta (p. ej., conducta verbal, conducta gobernada por reglas y control del estímulo, que se constituyen en alternativas a los recuentos mentalistas. Se concluye que la consciencia, desde una perspectiva comportamental, debe entenderse como conducta consciente y no como un concepto para explicar el comportamiento en sí.

  20. Impactul spectacolului de teatru asupra procesului sociocultural în oglinda criticii teatrale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elfrida Koroliova

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available The article discusses the history of theatre development since its appearance and up-to-date in the relations and mutual influences with social consciousness through theoretical visions. Following the analysis, the transformation of theatrical forms determined by the socio-cultural atmosphere of the era is highlighted. The emergence and development of theatrical critique is studied in their context. In the Republic of Moldova, theatrical critique developed in close connection with the theatre, which was meant to educate the new man. At the turn of the XX – XXI centuries, a decline in local theatre critique is recorded, which no longer has time for a thorough analysis of artistic successes and failures, but nurtures the newspaper reportage of the day and the dithyrambic style. The multi-secular history of European theatrical art, whose indispensable part is the Moldovan theatre as well, being reflected in social consciousness and recorded in the media, allows us to see the transformation of man and of society in the socio-cultural space.

  1. School Culture: Reflections on Speaking from a sociocultural view of educational psychology

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    Eduardo Guzmán Utreras

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available The following article discusses the relative importance of school culture as the main element of educational intervention to be considered by the educational psychology, understood in this context as a discipline plays in formal educational settings. From a sociocultural school look, culture and intervention, it seeks to synthesize some basic elements that must be taken into account in developing the practice of psychologists in these areas, giving rise to complex, embedded interventions in a context education and in relation to all participating actors and members of the institutions, thus creating the potential to develop shared changes and transformations between those who build this school culture. The following sections granted emphasize three specific points and tensions highlight and work as proposed: 1 The problem of school culture and the inclusion of educational psychologist; 2 School culture as an object of interest from a sociocultural look; and their interaction with the curriculum; and 3 a description of some basic guidelines for intervention counselors from the school culture, from the perspective of an educational psychologist focused on a cultural paradigm.

  2. Socio-Cultural Factors of the Russian Reforming Process of the 18-20th Centuries

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    Yuriy Korobkov

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available The modern Russian reforms aimed at moving the society to a new stage of development are going through a complicated, contradictory way, with great social costs and zigzags of the political course of power. This poses the task of identifying and overcoming the inhibiting factors in the development of the country. One of the most effective mechanisms of such work is the study of the three-hundred-year experience of Russian reformation and the identification of timeless sociocultural and mental risk factors affecting the nature and content of reforms. This article is devoted to this purpose. In the course of study, we have drawn the conclusions about the deterrent effect on the development of the country of such features of Russian society as its socio-cultural split, absence of internal mechanisms for the self-development of society, lack of a dialogue between government and society, whose relationships are determined by the principle of "antisocial state - anti-state society", mental characteristics of the Russian intelligentsia, which dogmatically implements particular ideas at the expense of economic expediency and common sense, orientation of the ruling elite on the Western values as opposed to national traditions, conservatism and lack of conscious reformative motivation of the masses. This leads to the need to correlate the current reforms not only with the current trends of socio-economic development, but also with the sociocultural foundations of Russian society and the peculiarities of its mentality.

  3. Socio-cultural impacts of large-scale cruise tourism in Souq Mutrah, Sultanate of Oman

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    Manuela Gutberlet

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available The following paper explores socio-cultural impacts of large-scale cruise liner tourism on the traditional bazaar (souq in the district of Mutrah. The souq is located opposite the port in the Omani capital Muscat. Large-scale cruise tourism in Muscat started only in 2004 and has increased in scale and numbers in the past years. 24 cruise vessels with around 7600 passengers arrived in Muscat in 2005. Seven years later 135 cruise liners carrying 257,000 tourists docked in Muscat. Due to this dramatic rise of international cruise ships, the socio-cultural impacts have increased for local residents, shop vendors/owners and tourists alike. To capture those socio-cultural impacts on Souq Mutrah, a survey of cruise tourists was conducted by a questionnaire. In addition, the researcher used participatory observation, counting, and in-depth interviews with different stakeholders of the local community and different types of tourists during the cruise seasons 2012/13 and 2013/14. Moreover, content analysis of statistics and local media publications were used. Results indicate that the souq has become “the core of a tourist bubble”, where crowding is a major problem and local residents avoid the place. The social carrying capacity of the souq has been reached. Omani vendors are leaving their businesses and renting their shops out to expatriates. Since contemporary cruise tourists are low spenders, expatriate shop sellers have become more aggressive.

  4. Novas formas organizacionais: a necessidade de superação das perspectivas sobressocializadas e subsocializadas

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    Mariana Baldi

    Full Text Available Este trabalho tem como pressuposto que a análise de novas formas organizacionais deve superar tanto perspectivas sobressocializadas quanto perspectivas subsocializadas. Isso quer dizer que é necessário superar, respectivamente, os estudos que reduzem a explicação de formas organizacionais a aspectos de origem puramente cultural, como também aqueles que reduzem sua explicação a aspectos puramente econômicos ou de mercado. As formas organizacionais sociais e econômicas apresentam, simultaneamente, uma dependência e uma autonomia em relação aos quadros cultural e institucional de cada país, estando imbricadas nesses quadros. Numa perspectiva contextualizada, múltiplas identidades se tornam possíveis, as quais não são necessariamente oriundas de uma cultura dominante. De acordo com Clegg (1998, o objeto de análise não deve ser necessariamente as organizações em si, mas os processos e mecanismos que permitem a organização e a desorganização. É proposta a perspectiva do embeddedness como um referencial de análise que supera os limites das abordagens comumente utilizadas para identificar e compreender as novas formas organizacionais. O conceito de embeddedness e seus mecanismos permitem trazer à tona várias narrativas (cultural, política, estrutural e cognitiva, e através delas se compreende como as organizações são formadas e mudadas, possibilitando enfocar questões por uma ótica ainda pouco trabalhada nos estudos organizacionais.

  5. Model of socio-cultural dimensions involved in adherence to antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS in public health care centers in Chile.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stuardo Ávila, Valeria; Manriquez Urbina, Jose Manuel; Fajreldin Chuaqui, Valentina; Belmar Prieto, Julieta; Valenzuela Santibáñez, Victoria

    2016-11-01

    In Chile, over 14,000 adults are living with HIV receive antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Adequate adherence to HAART has a major impact on survival. There is little consensus on the causes of poor adherence, due to the unique and diverse sociocultural parameters involved in the issue. The objective of this study was to identify sociocultural dimensions that serve as barriers or facilitators to HAART adherence among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) in Chile. A qualitative study design, with an exploratory followed by a descriptive phase was conducted. The study population consisted of adults living with HIV/AIDS, with and without HAART. A theoretical sample was designed and three gender profiles defined: women, men, and transwomen. Data collection methods included in-depth interviews by anthropologists in seven public health care centers for PLHIV. The model of sociocultural dimensions indicated that factors associated with family, expectations, gender/sexuality, affect, relationship with HIV, HAART, work, social support and networks, and stigma and discrimination influenced adherence, with different patterns among profiles. This study found that adherence is a dynamic category. It is crucial to consider sociocultural factors in developing strategies to improve HAART adherence.

  6. O romance: uma forma ético-política na perspectiva baktiniana

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    Angela Maria Rubel Fanini

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo discute alguns conceitos presentes na obra de Mikhail Bakhtin, tais como dialogismo, carnavalização e polifonia, sobretudo, a partir do gênero romanesco, objeto de estudo exaustivo do pensador russo. A discussão dos conceitos visa melhor entendê-los a fim de construir uma perspectiva teórica, metodológica e política para análise discursiva dos romances brasileiros. Ao longo do texto, ocorre exemplificação de possíveis análises de obras nacionais sob a perspectiva bakhtiniana. Destaca-se que, para o pensador russo, a linguagem é central na ontologia do ser social e que a reflexão sobre a linguagem enquanto realidade plural é a medida para se alcançar uma sociedade democrática.

  7. Contexto sociocultural y alimentario de mujeres con embarazos de riesgo

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    Reyna Sámano Sámano

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Para favorecer una alimentación correcta la orientación alimentaria debe considerar factores socioculturales que condicionen patrones y preferencias del consumo de alimentos propios de cada población. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir el contexto sociocultural del embarazo y su alimentación en el ámbito doméstico, mediante un enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a 6 mujeres con embarazo de alto riesgo bajo la técnica de saturación de la información. Las entrevistas se transcribieron y analizaron de acuerdo a Bardín con ayuda del programa Atlas TI. Se identificó: incertidumbre por el embarazo no planeado y poco apoyo de la pareja; ciertos cambios en la alimentación para mejorar la salud; percepción de una mala y buena alimentación, aunque ésta no cumplía con las características de una dieta correcta; omisión de la cena y del grupo de verduras y frutas. Las encargadas de preparar y servir los alimentos no siempre fueron las mujeres embarazadas; los alimentos percibidos peligrosos fueron consumidos y los benéficos presentaron consumo escaso. Resaltó la necesidad de capacitar a los profesionales de la salud para considerar al contexto sociocultural en la orientación alimentaria que proporcionen.

  8. Entrepreneurial Skills and Socio-Cultural Factors: An Empirical Analysis in Secondary Education Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rosique-Blasco, Mario; Madrid-Guijarro, Antonia; García-Pérez-de-Lema, Domingo

    2016-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore how entrepreneurial skills (such as creativity, proactivity and risk tolerance) and socio-cultural factors (such as role model and businessman image) affect secondary education students' propensity towards entrepreneurial options in their future careers. Design/methodology/approach: A sample of…

  9. la perspectiva psicosocial

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    Juan Guerrero

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Con la opción de analizar las condiciones de trabajo en oficina, el texto realiza una sucinta pero precisa revisión de la conceptualización sobre productividad y consumo. Se documenta la relación contradictoria entre bienestar y rendimiento en el trabajo al identificar el riesgo de llevar al límite de sus capacidades la participación del trabajador como factor de productividad, ignorando que éste tiene además el rol de consumidor activo de bienes y servicios para que la producción tenga sentido. Se plantea que exigir al trabajador hasta su agotamiento puede mermar sustancialmente su doble condición de productor y consumidor. Específicamente, se presenta la perspectiva del trabajo en o"cinas innovadas conceptual y tecnológicamente, con procesos laborales y patrones de desgaste y morbilidad definidos. El tiempo, el ritmo, la parcelación, el control del trabajo y la reestructuración en las organizaciones son, entre otros, factores que convergen para potenciar fenómenos de sobrecarga o subcarga mental con la consecuente aparición de estrés excedente y sus patologías asociadas.

  10. Socio-cultural factors, gender roles and religious ideologies contributing to Caesarian-section refusal in Nigeria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ugwu, Nnanna U; de Kok, Bregje

    2015-08-12

    The death of women from pregnancy-related causes is a serious challenge that international development initiatives, including the Millennium Development Goals, have been trying to redress for decades. The majority of these pregnancy-related deaths occur in developing countries especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. The provision of Emergency Obstetric Care (EmOC), including Caesarean section (CS) has been identified as one of the key ingredients necessary for the reduction of high maternal mortality ratios. However, it appears that creating access to EmOC facilities is not all that is required to reduce maternal mortality: socio-cultural issues in Sub-Saharan countries including Nigeria seem to deter women from accepting CS. This study seeks to explore some of the socio-cultural concerns that reinforce delays and non-acceptance of CS in a Nigerian community. This is a mixed method study that combined both qualitative and quantitative strategies of enquiry. The hospital's delivery records from 2006-2010 provided data for quantitative analysis. This quantitative data was supplemented with prospective data collected during one month. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions (FGD) and informal observations served as the sources of data on the qualitative end. In total, 22% of maternity clients refused CS and more than 90% of the CSs in the focal hospital were emergencies which may indicate late arrival at the hospital after seeking assistance elsewhere. The qualitative analysis reveals that socio-cultural meanings informed by gender and religious ideologies, the relational consequences of having a C-section, and the role of alternative providers are some key factors which influence when, where and whether women will accept C-section or not. There is need to find means of facilitating necessary CS by addressing the prevailing socio-cultural norms and expectations that hinder its acceptance. Engaging and guiding alternative providers (traditional birth attendants

  11. NUEVAS PERSPECTIVAS EN CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NEW PERSPECTIVES IN PALLIATIVE CARE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leo Pessini

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo examina los cuidados paliativos bajo diversos aspectos. Tras una revisión histórica y conceptual, nos preguntamos cuáles deben ser los cuidados de la salud en los contextos geriátrico y gerontológico, así como su contribución en el mantenimiento y rescate de las capacidades funcionales. Reafirmamos la importancia de la reflexión ética, científica, humana, espiritual y sociocultural sobre los programas dirigidos al cuidado de los ancianos en su multidimensionalidad. Al final, señalamos algunos desafíos referentes a rescatar la sabiduría de vivir y la dignidad en el adiós a la vidaEste artigo apresenta a filosofia dos cuidados paliativos sob diversos aspectos. Inicia com uma revisão histórico conceitual. A seguir nos perguntamos como deveria ser os cuidados palaitivos num contextos geriátrico e gerontológico, bem como sua contribuição na manutenção e resgate das capacidades funcionais. Reafirmamos a importancia da refexão ética, científica, humana, espiritual e socio-cultural nos programas direcionados ao cuidado dos anciãos em sua mutidmensionalidade. Finalmente, apontamos alguns desafios, relacionados com o resgate da sabedoria de viver e a dignidade no adeus à vidaThis paper examines palliative care under diverse aspects. After a historical and conceptual review, the question of which health care interventions must be done in the geriatric and gerontology context is examined, as well as their contribution to the maintenance and rescue of functional capacities. We reaffirm the importance of ethical, scientific, humane, spiritual and socio cultural reflection about programs addressed to the health care of elderly in their multidimensional coverage. Finally, we point out some challenges with respect to rescuing the wisdom of living and the dignity of dying

  12. Perspectivas contemporâneas em análise organizacional New perspectives in organizational analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mário Sacomano Neto

    2002-04-01

    Full Text Available A evolução dos estudos em teoria das organizações revela uma trajetória de diversas correntes e contrastes. Ao invés de a teoria organizacional compor um conjunto unificado de conceitos e interpretações, mostra-se fortemente diversificada e conflituosa entre os vários agentes e suas respectivas formas de "enxergar" a organização. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar algumas perspectivas teóricas contemporâneas em análise organizacional: dependência de recursos, ecologia das populações, contingência estrutural, nova economia institucional e novo institucionalismo. Essas perspectivas representam sinais importantes para o avanço e sistematização das análises organizacionais contemporâneas, uma vez que há uma crescente tentativa em construir pontes entre as perspectivas econômicas e sociológicas, estruturais e racionais, e entre teorias institucionais e ecológicas. Busca-se, com esse referencial teórico, apresentar conceitos, níveis de análise, principais variáveis, críticas e principais autores através de um quadro de referência das respectivas perspectivas apontadas para que novas abordagens sejam reconhecidas e analisadas.The evolution of organizational studies comprises different and contrasting approaches. The organizational theory has not yet formed a unified field of concepts and interpretations about what is at risk in organizations. The objective of this paper is to present some of the new approaches to organizational analysis: resource dependence, populational ecology, structural contingency, new institutional economy and new institutionalism. These approaches serve as important theorical references for the evolution and systematization in contemporary organizational studies, providing a deeper understanding on how to analyze organizations.

  13. Teoría de la actividad y modelos mentales: Instrumentos para la reflexión sobre la práctica profesional: "aprendizaje expansivo", intercambio cognitivo y transformación de intervenciones de psicólogos y otros agentes en escenarios educativos Activity Theory And Mental Models: Tools For Reflexion On The Professional Practice: "Expansive Learning" Shared Cognition And Transformation Of Intervention Of Psychologists And Other Actors In Educative Scenarios

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Martín Larripa

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Intervenciones profesionales de psicólogos, docentes y otros agentes en escuelas públicas y privadas de ciudad y conurbano bonaerenses se estudian mediante dos unidades de análisis: tercera generación de sistemas de actividad (Engeström y modelos mentales en contexto educativo (Rodrigo, Van Boven &Thompson. Tensiones y conflictos intra e inter sistemas de actividad, aprendizaje expansivo, cambio e intercambio cognitivos en escenarios socioculturales se implican con narrativas sobre modelos mentales generando artefactos para la indagación y reflexión sobre prácticas de intervención. Estudio descriptivo y exploratorio de perspectiva etnográfica, con reelaboración de análisis cualitativos, a partir de entrevistas en profundidad y Cuestionarios sobre Situaciones Problemas de Intervención Profesional administrados a psicólogos y docentes (Erausquin Se analizan convergencias y divergencias discursivas entre distintos agentes sobre problemas e intervenciones con la tercera generación de teoría de actividad. Se indagan dificultades y posibilidades de construcción de objetivos comunes de actividad y mo delos compartidos como entrelazamientos de sentidos.Professionals interventions by psychologists, teachers and other agents in public and private schools of the city and the suburbs of Buenos Aires are studied using two units of analysis: third generation of activity systems (Engeström and mental models in educational contexts (Rodrigo, Van Boven & Thompson. Tensions and conflicts intra and inter systems of activity, expansive learning, cognitive change and exchange in sociocultural stages are embedded with narrations about mental models generating artifacts for research and for reflection over intervention practices. Descriptive and exploratory study of ethnographic perspective, by re-working on qualitative analysis based on deep interviews and Questionnaires on Situations Problems of Professional Intervention administered to

  14. The Sociocultural Psychology as a Postformal Theory of Academic Achievement: Interrogating Formal Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sinha, Chetan

    2013-01-01

    The present paper interrogates the dominance of formal education. As formal education system relies on ability based academic achievement as a goal, exploring post-formal approaches, such as sociocultural notion of academic achievement is the hallmark of present paper. An attempt is made to interrogate the existing cultural dominance in formal…

  15. School Socio-Cultural Identity and Perceived Parental Involvement about Mathematics Learning in Greece

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moutsios-Rentzos, Andreas; Chaviaris, Petros; Kafoussi, Sonia

    2015-01-01

    In this quantitative study we investigated the primary school students' perceived parental involvement in mathematics with respect to different school socio-cultural identity as identified by the students' ethnicity. 493 students attending the two last grades of three primary schools participated in the study. The role of the students' grade and…

  16. Integrating the Ontological, Epistemological, and Sociocultural Aspects: A Holistic View of Teacher Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Huang, Teng

    2016-01-01

    The three aspects of teacher change--ontological, epistemological, and sociocultural--are traditionally regarded as independent. Usually only the epistemological aspect is highlighted in formal teacher education. In this paper, I argue that a holistic and interdependent view of these aspects is needed. Thus, this paper aims to explore the process…

  17. Bringing Technology to Students' Proximity: A Sociocultural Account of Technology-Based Learning Projects

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mukama, Evode

    2014-01-01

    This paper depicts a study carried out in Rwanda concerning university students who participated in a contest to produce short documentary films. The purpose of this research is to conceptualize these kinds of technology-based learning projects (TBLPs) through a sociocultural perspective. The methodology included focus group discussions and field…

  18. Symbolic healing of early psychosis: psychoeducation and sociocultural processes of recovery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Larsen, John Aggergaard

    2007-09-01

    This article analyzes sociocultural processes of recovery in a Danish mental health service providing two years of integrated biopsychosocial treatment following first-episode psychosis. The study is based on ethnographic research in the service and person-centered involvement with 15 clients. The analysis applies Dow's [1986 American Anthropologist 88:56-69] model of universal components of symbolic healing to elucidate sociocultural aspects of therapeutic efficacy that are alternatively disregarded as placebo or nonspecific effects. It is demonstrated how staff engaged with clients to deliver "psychoeducation" that provided scientific and biomedical theories about mental illness, constituting a shared "mythic world" that was accepted as an experiential truth and used to explain clients' illness experiences. The analysis highlights the need to supplement attention in Dow's model to the healing procedure with consideration of variability in the healing process. Depending on individual responses to the intervention, the staff's professional backgrounds and staff-client relationships different recovery models were applied. One suggested "episodic psychosis" and full recovery, and the other suggested "chronic schizophrenia" and the necessity of comprehensive life adjustments to the mental illness. The recovery models influenced clients' perspectives on illness and self as they engaged in identity work, negotiating future plans and individual life projects by including also alternative systems of explanation from the wider cultural repertoire.

  19. CURRÍCULO E AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS: perspectivas multiculturais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Theoffillo da Silva Lopes

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Entendendo que a educação não é neutra, e que, por si só, não tem a capacidade de encarar os problemas sociais existentes sem a tomada de uma posição positiva e afirmativa por parte dos agentes envolvidos na construção do currículo, já que este, por sua vez, tem um caráter político, social e de relações de poder, percebe-se a influência que o mesmo pode ter ou efetuar sobre as políticas e os processos educativos, agindo como reprodutores ou transformadores da realidade. As ações afirmativas para adentro dos muros da educação formal se tornam inviáveis se, em suas dimensões, os processos educacionais não forem estabelecidos em currículos com perspectivas multiculturais. Assim, percebe-se que, as perspectivas curriculares multiculturais trazem para as ações afirmativas, a possibilidade de concretização dos seus objetivos, além do fato de não só legitimar o acesso de minorias de grupos, como também ratificar e favorecer a permanência e o auxílio a tais minorias.

  20. PERSPECTIVAS DEL PROCESO DE TITULACIÓN DE TIERRAS EN LA COMUNIDAD CAMPESINA SAN JUAN DE MIRAFLORES, 2011

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    Roger Ricardo Ríos Ramirez

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar las perspectivas hacia la titulación de tierras en la Comunidad Campesina San Juan de Miraflores (CCSJM.El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental transversal. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado para evaluar perspectivas a una muestra de 353 comuneros seleccionados de manera aleatoria, estratificada y proporcional, previa validación de expertos y con una confiabilidad alfa de Cronbach α =  0.944.En la CCSJM, las parcelas no tienen las características necesarias para que la agricultura o ganadería se desarrollen, asimismo la actividad campesina no es la principal actividad económica. Asimismo, los comuneros de la CCSJM muestran una perspectiva favorable hacia la titulación de tierras.Por lo tanto, consideramos imperante el proceso de titulación de tierras y la promoción de opciones laborales distintas a las que usualmente realiza un campesino.

  1. Sociocultural Attitudes and Symptoms of Bulimia: Evaluating the SATAQ with Diverse College Groups

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cashel, Mary Louise; Cunningham, Dana; Landeros, Clarinda; Cokley, Kevin O.; Muhammad, Grace

    2003-01-01

    This study evaluated the utility of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ; L. J. Heinberg, J. K. Thompson, & S. Stormer, 1995) for the assessment of diverse college groups, including men, women, minorities, and sorority members. Scores from the SATAQ were compared with the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2; D. M.…

  2. Evaluación y entrenamiento de la toma de perspectiva: una propuesta analítica funcional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    G. Adriana Naranjo Meléndez

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available La toma de perspectiva difícilmente se desarrolla en los niños antes de los cuatro años de edad, según las investigaciones. Los protocolos usados hasta ahora están basados en situaciones hipotéticas con un alto nivel de abstracción y presentan un número limitado de ejemplos. Por esto, se desarrolló un protocolo para el entrenamiento de toma de perspectiva con base en situaciones reales, múltiples ejemplares y entrega de retroalimentación, manteniendo como constante las relaciones deícticas (YO-TÚ, AQUÍ-ALLÍ y AHORA-ENTONCES, simples e inversas. Bajo un diseño intrasujeto ABA, el protocolo fue efectivo para desarrollar las habilidades de toma de perspectiva en una niña de 3 años y 7 meses de edad, que no las presentaba al momento de la medición inicial. También, se analizan los datos correspondientes al número de sesiones requeridas para cada uno de los marcos y su complejidad a la luz de las investigaciones previas.

  3. "My Home and My School": Examining Immigrant Adolescent Narratives from the Critical Sociocultural Perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Jun

    2010-01-01

    Privileging the voices of 12 recent Chinese immigrant adolescents, this multiple-case narrative study examined their home and school experiences from the critical sociocultural perspective. The adolescent stories about home testified to the significant influence of immigrant poverty, parental sacrificial altruism, and disciplinary Chinese…

  4. Understanding Higher Education-Based Teacher Educators' Identities in Hong Kong: A Sociocultural Linguistic Perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yuan, Rui

    2016-01-01

    While teacher educator identities have received increasing attention over the past decade, there is a lack of research on teacher educators' professional identities in the complex and shifting higher education contexts. Informed by the sociocultural linguistic perspective, this study investigates two language teacher educators' professional…

  5. The importance of socio-cultural context for understanding students' meaning making in the study of genetics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Furberg, Anniken; Arnseth, Hans Christian

    2009-03-01

    In this rejoinder to Ann Kindfield and Grady Venville's comments on our article "Reconsidering conceptual change from a socio-cultural perspective: Analyzing students' meaning making in genetics in collaborative learning activities," we elaborate on some of the critical issues they raise. Their comments make apparent some of the crucial differences between a socio-cultural and a socio-cognitive approach towards conceptual change. We have selected some issues that are addressed, either implicitly or explicitly, in their comments. The main issues discussed are talk and interaction as data, the significance of context in interaction studies, the feasibility of generic claims in small-scale interaction studies, and the difference between studying students' understanding of science concepts as opposed to studying the construction of meaning.

  6. Los derivados financieros desde una perspectiva jurídica

    OpenAIRE

    Cuartas Gómez, Lucas; Sierra Vásquez, Paula

    2008-01-01

    El importante aumento en el uso de los contratos de derivados en Colombia1 y el mundo, además de la dificultad que puede traer su comprensión, nos ha llevado a escribir el presente trabajo, con el fin de darle a el lector una perspectiva general sobre el funcionamiento de estos instrumentos financieros, su regulación en Colombia y la forma como éstos se han venido contratando a nivel internacional.

  7. La narrativa transmedia como experiencia de simulación de inteligencia colectiva. El caso de Atrapados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaime Alejandro Rodríguez Ruiz

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo describe y analiza la experiencia transmedia del proyecto de investigación “Simulador IC, un escenario transmedial de pruebas para la simulación de inteligencia colectiva”, en el que se exploró la capacidad de cuatro artefactos ficcionales — texto literario, cómic, videojuego y juego de rol—, generados a partir de la transmediación de un texto literario fuente, para desarrollar sensibilidad en la resolución de problemas con características vinculadas a la inteligencia colectiva. El método de investigación fue mixto, con un componente principal cualitativo y un componente cuantitativo —metodología observacional—. Al realizarse una medición del gradiente de inteligencia colectiva de los participantes, tras el contacto y la interacción con diversas estrategias de simulación de los problemas —combinación de artefactos, según un diseño experimental específico—, se comprobó que la experiencia transmedia completa, es decir, la interac - ción con los cuatro artefactos potencia los efectos y beneficios de la simulación con artefactos individuales. Se concluye también que los participantes que interactuaron con diversas combinaciones de artefactos ofrecieron alternativas de solución colaborativas a problemas de la vida cotidiana.

  8. Russkie v Latvii: osobennosti sociokul'turnoj adaptacii i identichnosti [Russians in Latvia: Peculiarities of Socio-cultural Adaptation and Identity

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    Voronov Viktor

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available The author identifies trends and variations of the socio-cultural identity and integration of Russians in Latvia. According to the author, since the middle 1990s, two trends have been recognized - first, the “ingrowing” of ethnic Russians into the life of independent Latvia, and second, forming their new identity. The article presents a number of factors hampering the integration of ethnic Russians into Latvian society. Variations and options of socio-cultural identity and integration (or assimilation of the Russian population of Latvia are shown.

  9. Psicología social del envejecimiento y perspectiva del transcurso de la vida: consideraciones críticas

    OpenAIRE

    Elisa Dulcey-Ruiz

    2010-01-01

    En el artículo se plantea como psicología social del envejecimiento una relación de interdependencia entre la psicología social y la psicología del desarrollo, considerándolas histórica y socioculturalmente contextuadas. La psicología social del envejecimiento se asume, entonces, como una alternativa crítica, coherente con la perspectiva contextual dialéctica del transcurso vital. Se presenta dicha perspectiva como integradora del desarrollo-envejecimiento, y se ilustra por medio de aportes d...

  10. diseño, usabilidad y prácticas de uso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teresa Mauri

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available El escrito aborda el tema del análisis de la calidad educativa de los contenidos educativos reutilizables desde la perspectiva constructivista de orientación sociocultural del proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje. Basándose en este planteamiento y con la finalidad de delimitar la naturaleza de las propuestas formativas cuya calidad pretende ser analizada, define las características específicas de las que integran este tipo de contenidos y, finalmente, plantea algunas propuestas sobre las dimensiones más relevantes a abordar en dicho análisis y sobre la multiplicidad de perspectivas a considerar para poder llevarlo a cabo con garantías de éxito.

  11. Desarrollo Conceptual: Perspectivas Actuales en la Adquisición Temprana de Conceptos Conceptual Development: Current Approaches to Children's Early Concept Acquisition

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    Andrea Sabina Taverna

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Se examinan cuatro propuestas teóricas actuales acerca de la formación y desarrollo temprano de conceptos: aproximaciones innatistas, enfoques asociacionistas, teorías del conocimiento nuclear y perspectivas socio-culturales. Las propuestas concuerdan en que los conceptos cumplen un rol importante en el desarrollo cognitivo, pero difieren marcadamente en el modo de explicar su adquisición y desarrollo temprano. Estas divergencias reeditan debates filosóficos clásicos acerca del lugar de la naturaleza, la experiencia, la razón y la cultura en el desarrollo del conocimiento. Se discute la necesidad de reconsiderar el desarrollo conceptual a la luz de modelos teóricos más inclusivos, si se pretende avanzar críticamente en una aproximación teórica general acerca de la formación y desarrollo de conceptos en la infancia.Four current theoretical proposals about early conceptual acquisition and development are examined: nativist perspectives, associationist views, core-knowledge theories, and socio-cultural approaches. The proposals agree that concepts play an important role in children's cognitive development, but they differ in their explanation as to how these are acquired and their early development. These differences date back to classical philosophical debates about the role of nature, experience, reason, and culture in the development of knowledge. The need to revisit conceptual development with a more inclusive theoretical approach is discussed, if critical advancement towards a general theoretical approach for understanding the formation and development of concepts in early childhood is to be achieved.

  12. The Psychological Well-Being and Sociocultural Adaptation of Short-Term International Students in Ireland

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Reilly, Aileen; Ryan, Dermot; Hickey, Tina

    2010-01-01

    This article reports on an empirical study of the psychosocial adaptation of international students in Ireland. Using measures of social support, loneliness, stress, psychological well-being, and sociocultural adaptation, data were obtained from international students and a comparison sample of Irish students. The study found that, although…

  13. Socio-cultural proximity, daily life and shopping tourism in the Dutch–German border region

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Szytniewski, Bianca B.; Spierings, Bas; van der Velde, Martin

    2017-01-01

    This paper analyses feelings of socio-cultural proximity and distance with a specific focus on the tourist experience in cross-border shopping and everyday life practices in border regions. We examined shopping practices of Dutch border crossers who visit the German town Kleve in the Dutch–German

  14. La perspectiva biográfica. El proceso de construcción del saber pedagógico

    OpenAIRE

    Sotos Serrano, María; López Esteban, Carmen; Sánchez García, Ana Belén

    2016-01-01

    El objetivo principal de este trabajo consiste en analizar si la perspectiva biográfica, mediante los relatos de vida, permite analizar los procesos de construcción del saber pedagógico de las/os docentes, ya que pensamos que la formación docente supera los límites estrictos de los períodos de formación reglada. También se presentan algunos de los objetivos que justifican este tipo de estudios y, finalmente, se defiende la tesis de que la perspectiva biográfica es la que permite cumplir con e...

  15. Sociocultural Behavior Sensemaking: State of the Art in Understanding the Operational Environment

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-01-01

    data are then processed and 54 | Visualization for sociocultural understanding assimilated into climate models to better visualize the dynamics of...makers to quickly identify the key policy levers that control system behavior. The C- ROADS model of global climate change (Sterman et al., 2012...data values to generate a trend forecast—the latter is called an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average ( ARIMA ). The order of the models is

  16. Residents' Attitude, Knowledge, and Perceived Preparedness Toward Caring for Patients from Diverse Sociocultural Backgrounds.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marshall, Jessie Kimbrough; Cooper, Lisa A; Green, Alexander R; Bertram, Amanda; Wright, Letitia; Matusko, Niki; McCullough, Wayne; Sisson, Stephen D

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: Training residents to deliver care to increasingly diverse patients in the United States is an important strategy to help alleviate racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes. Cross-cultural care training of residents continues to present challenges. This study sought to explore the associations among residents' cross-cultural attitudes, preparedness, and knowledge about disparities to better elucidate possible training needs. Methods: This cross-sectional study used web-based questionnaires from 2013 to 2014. Eighty-four internal medicine residency programs with 954 residents across the United States participated. The main outcome was perceived preparedness to care for sociocultural diverse patients. Key Results: Regression analysis showed attitude toward cross-cultural care (beta coefficient [β]=0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49-0.64, p attitude toward cross-cultural care and their level of exposure to patients from diverse sociocultural backgrounds. Future studies should examine the role of residents' cross-cultural care-related attitudes on their ability to care for diverse patients.

  17. Socio-Cultural Animation as Inspiration for the Life of the Society- Linking of the Social and Cultural in the Heart of the New Civilization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dušana Findeisen

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Initially, the author discusses the formats of passing on culture and knowledge that were used in the past, the formats of the times of creation of national States, the formats belonging to the enlightenment initiatives. Dušana Findeisen goes on to emphasize that all national States had their »englighteners« involved in inspiring, bonding and educating people of various professions, from various social groups, thus rendering the society alive and dynamic. Socio-cultural animation is a French concept, not as new as it may seem, stemming from popular education. After the Second World War the adjective popular started being omitted and the term socio-cultural animation slowly replaced it. Socio-cultural animation can be found wherever people are, regardless of their educational or social background, striving to bring improvement to individuals and society. Next, the author presents and discusses several definitions of socio-cultural animation, occasionally illustrating them by presenting examples of good practice. In addition to that, she identifies the prevailing criteria used when classifying formats of socio cultural animation, drawing the reader's attention to the great variety of actors in this field. Dušana Findeisen presents various functions of this subsystem of the French national cultural policy. Owing to them, socio-cultural animation can be clearly differentiated from community education.

  18. Learning as discourse change: A sociocultural mechanism

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wickman, Per-Olof; Östman, Leif

    2002-09-01

    This paper deals with a theoretical mechanism for learning and a methodological approach for analyzing meaning making in classroom talk and action. It examines the potential of the approach for illuminating learning on a discursive level, i.e., how discourses change and how individuals become participants of new practices. Our approach involves a high-resolution analysis of how meaningful relations are built in encounters between individuals and between individuals and the world. The approach is based mainly on the work of the later Wittgenstein, but also on pragmatism and sociocultural research. To demonstrate how our approach can be used, we analyze what university students learn during a practical on insects. We specifically demonstrate how the encounters with physical pinned insects contribute to the meaning students make and how these encounters interact with other experiences during laboratory work.

  19. El autismo desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica

    OpenAIRE

    Justo Rodríguez, Marta

    2013-01-01

    En la presente revisión bibliográfica se pretende dar una aproximación al autismo. Se revisarán diversos abordajes que atraviesa este trastorno desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Se tienen en cuenta los rasgos fundamentales del autismo revisando el conocimiento de la etiología de dicha enfermedad en la que la tríada la conformarían la ausencia de relaciones sociales, las dificultades para la comunicación, el comportamiento rutinario y obsesivo. Desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica se an...

  20. La investigación educativa sobre nuevas tecnologías: una aproximación sociocultural

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Ángeles REBOLLO CATALÁN

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo presentamos algunas líneas de investigación del enfoque sociocultural en la actualidad y sus desarrollos metodológicos en el ámbito educativo. La teoría sociocultural constituye hoy un área de investigación interdisciplinar en Ciencias Sociales que integra aportaciones sugerentes para desvelar las funciones de los medios en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Un sello característico de esta teoría es el reconocimiento del poder mediador de los signos e instrumentos para el desarrollo del pensamiento humano, destacando la noción de mediación cognitiva. La construcción de la identidad constituye uno de los temas abordados desde los planteamientos de esta teoría. En este trabajo se presentan algunos estudios sobre el papel de las tecnologías en la construcción de la identidad cultural. De forma complementaria se expone una revisión de las metodologías y enfoques de análisis del discurso que se han empleado en las investigaciones socioculturales sobre esta temática.ABSTRACT: This paper presents some of the main research outlines in the sociocultural approach at actually and its methodological developments in the educational scope. Nowadays, sociocultural theory constitutes an emergent field of interdisciplinary research in Social Sciences, which integrates interesting contributions in relation to different roles of the technologies in the educational process. A distinctive feature of its theory is to recognize the power of mediational means and cultural tools to promote new ways of thinking. In this framework, the notion of cognitive mediation is outstanding. At the present time, one of the main themes in the sociocultural research is the construction of cultural identity. In this paper, we show some studies about the roles of new technologies in the construction of cultural identity. In addition, a review of research methodologies and approaches of discourse analysis used in the sociocultural

  1. Rural Hispanic populations at risk in developing diabetes: sociocultural and familial challenges in promoting a healthy diet.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heuman, Amy N; Scholl, Juliann C; Wilkinson, Kenton

    2013-01-01

    Type II diabetes affects Hispanic populations disproportionately and is the fifth leading cause of death for Hispanic people in the United States ( Smith & Barnett, 2005 ). Risk of diabetes is of great concern throughout the United States and is clearly of epidemic proportions for regions such as the Southwest and Texas where the primary minority populations are Mexican American. We conducted four focus groups with a total of 49 Hispanic participants (23 adults and 26 adolescents) from rural West Texas communities to gain insights about participants' eating habits, knowledge of diabetes, and potential barriers to preventive care. From the data, we identified a three-tiered predisposition or vulnerability to diabetes-heredity; preferences for unhealthy, culturally based food; and temptations from U.S. mainstream fast food culture. These vulnerabilities added to the sociocultural concerns that participants identified-importance of parental and familial modeling; challenges to healthy eating based on a culturally based diet and mainstream fast food culture; and a lack of support from the larger sociocultural networks such as teachers, community leaders, and the media. From these data, we have a better understanding of familial and sociocultural factors that need to be addressed in the development of preventive public awareness and educational plans. We outline implications for practitioners and educators from an integrated cultural biomedical approach.

  2. How Does a Newcomer Construct Identity? A Socio-Cultural Approach to Workplace Learning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blaka, Gunnhild; Filstad, Cathrine

    2007-01-01

    The aim of this article is to develop the foundations of a socio-cultural approach and to determine how this shapes our perception of a newcomer's construction of identity in two different workplaces: a high-technology delivery ward with newly employed midwives and a real estate agency with newly employed real estate agents. We explore how…

  3. Text and Image of Advertising in Nigeria: An Enterprise of Socio-Cultural Reproduction

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dalamu, Taofeek

    2016-01-01

    The role of language in the construction of socio-cultural reality is inevitable. That is why text is used as a pillar that supports the explication of the intended purpose of images applied in multifaceted ad plates. It is a phenomenal tradition that has remained strong in ad campaigns. Advertisers make images and text as discrete components that…

  4. Influence of socio-cultural modernization on development of human capital assets in Russia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents major points of research into socio-cultural conditions of human capital assets accumulation in Russia. Notion of social justice, social responsibility of business, realization of their role as “vehicle of capital” by employees, national mentality – all this essentially influences on efficiency of human capital assets accumulation in Russia.

  5. Socio-Cultural Factors Associated with the Initiation of Opium Use in Darab, Iran

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jafari, Siavash; Movaghar, Afarin Rahimi; Craib, Kevin; Baharlou, Souzan; Mathias, Richard

    2009-01-01

    This study aimed to identify socio-cultural factors facilitating initiation of opium use among drug users in Darab, Iran. A qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted. The study began in June 2006 and included 76 drug users, aged 20-43, of whom 95% (72) were male, and 5% (4) were female. The five most common factors facilitating…

  6. Reputación corporativa : concepto, dimensiones emergentes de su estudio, perspectivas de desarrollo e investigación

    OpenAIRE

    Sarralde Salas, Sandra Carolina; Navarro Lisowska, Bernadetta Maria; Barbosa-Ramirez, David-Hernando

    2018-01-01

    Las investigaciones en reputación corporativa se concentran en el siglo XXI. El presente artículo de reflexión, a través de una investigación sistemática, presenta los abordajes que la literatura científica ha hecho del término, las dimensiones que emergen de su estudio, los enfoques hallazgos, y los retos que implica investigarla. Las dimensiones identificadas son: definición, perspectiva del consumidor, relación cultura/reputación, perspectiva de los empleados, reputación como ventaja compe...

  7. La estrategia y el emprendedor: diversas perspectivas para el análisis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabián F Osorio Tinoco

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Las investigaciones en el campo del emprendimiento provienen de disciplinas diversas, y en este sentido la estrategia y el emprendedor constituyen dos conceptos de obligada revisión. En el presente articulo los autores ofrecen desde la mirada de la estrategia un contexto para el análisis del actor conocido como emprendedor. En la primera parte del documento se aborda la configuración y construcción del campo de dominio de la estrategia. En la segunda parte se desarrolla el concepto del emprendedor desde la mirada del individuo, el proceso, la organización y el entorno (Gartner, 1985 y en la tercera parte se trata desde diferentes perspectivas, la relación entre la estrategia y el emprendedor, tales perspectivas comprenden: la estrategia como formulación y la puesta en acción, la estrategia como proyección de sus dirigentes y la estrategia como enfoque del entorno.

  8. A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NA PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA EM MOÇAMBIQUE: UMA PERSPECTIVA CRÍTICA

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    Luís Alfredo Chambal

    Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a incorporação das políticas de formação docente pelas instituições de formação de professores de Moçambique, na perspectiva da educação inclusiva. Como procedimento de coleta de dados, utilizou-se a análise documental da organização acadêmica e curricular dos cursos ministrados nos Institutos de Formação de Professores (ensino médio e cursos de nível superior. A análise dos dados, com base nas contribuições de Bernstein (1988 e Gimeno Sacristán (2000, centrou-se em duas fontes básicas: organização curricular e planos/programas de disciplinas. Por meio desses instrumentos, pode-se constatar a pouca importância que esses temas assumem nas proposições curriculares do Ministério da Educação, que redunda em uma situação de precariedade na formação docente na perspectiva da educação inclusiva nos Institutos de Formação de Professores (nível médio. Por outro lado, a formação docente nas universidades, em razão do seu caráter autônomo, caracteriza-se pela diversificação, dispersão e diferenciação na denominação, conteúdo e bibliografia dos cursos e disciplinas específicas oferecidas.

  9. Socio-Cultural Theories of Cognitive Development: Implications for Teaching Theory in the Visual Arts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fielding, Rob

    1989-01-01

    Explicates the socio-cultural developmental theories of Vygotsky and Feuerstein which advocate teacher mediated learning in order to stimulate and accelerate development. Implications for art education include the need for the teacher to become involved in the enculturation of the child into the thinking processes and conceptual organization of…

  10. Perspectiva territorial de la gestión de riesgos de desastres en Colombia

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    Martha Teresa Martínez Rubiano

    2011-09-01

    Colombia, y la perspectiva territorial de la gestión de riesgos. Para terminar, se realiza un análisis de las aplicaciones de todas estas medidas en la situación de gestión de riesgos en Colombia.

  11. Commitment in Age-Gap Heterosexual Romantic Relationships: A Test of Evolutionary and Socio-Cultural Predictions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lehmiller, Justin J.; Agnew, Christopher R.

    2008-01-01

    Little research has addressed age-gap romantic relationships (romantic involvements characterized by substantial age differences between partners). Drawing on evolutionary and socio-cultural perspectives, the present study examined normative beliefs and commitment processes among heterosexual women involved in age-gap and age-concordant…

  12. The Problems of Contemporary Education Socio-Cultural Dimension of Military Education in Modern Russia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abramov, Alexsandr P.; Chuikov, Oleg E.; Gavrikov, Fedor A.; Ludwig, Sergey D.

    2017-01-01

    The article reveals the essence of the sociocultural approach as a universal tool which allows considering the process of modernization of cadet education in modern Russia in the complex determining its conditions and factors. The basic mechanisms of functioning of cadet education system are the processes that form the equilibrium diad…

  13. Editorial Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México

    OpenAIRE

    Thel Augusto Monteiro; Emigdio Larios-Gómez

    2017-01-01

    La presente Edición Especial: Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México, es un esfuerzo de investigadores de diferentes universidades reconocidos por sus aportaciones científicas sobre Mercadotecnia en México. Las comunicaciones esta edición describen las Estrategias de Mercadotecnia y su Aplicación en México, está estructurada en ocho aportaciones científicas representan el quehacer académico y de investigación diario de la mercadotecnia, tratando temas de frontera relaci...

  14. Learning English Vocabulary in a Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL Environment: A Sociocultural Study of Migrant Women

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    Kham Sila Ahmad

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available This paper reports on a case study of a group of six non-native English speaking migrant women’s experiences learning English vocabulary in a mobile assisted language learning (MALL environment at a small community centre in Western Australia. A sociocultural approach to learning vocabulary was adopted in designing the MALL lessons that the women undertook. The women provided demographic information, responded to questions in a pre-MALL semi-structured interview, attended the MALL lessons, and completed a post-MALL semi-structured interview. This study explores the sociocultural factors that affect migrant women’s language learning in general, and vocabulary in particular. The women’s responses to MALL lessons and using the tablet reveal a positive effect in their vocabulary learning.

  15. Comparación e Inferencia en la Categorización de Artefactos No Familiares: Un Estudio con Niños Pequeños Comparison and Inference in the Categorization of Non-Familiar Artifacts: A Study With Young Children

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    Andrea Sabina Taverna

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available Investigaciones sobre el desarrollo de categorías muestran que procesos cognitivos como la comparación y la inferencia promueven el conocimiento conceptual. Este artículo reporta el estudio de estos procesos en la categorización de objetos no familiares, utilizando una prueba de elecciones forzosas y palabra extendida, manipulando propiedades funcionales de objetos nuevos. Utilizando una muestra accidental, el Estudio 1 examinó si 42 niños de 3 a 5 años extendían un nombre nuevo a un artefacto no familiar en base a su función, encontrándose un desempeño exitoso solo a los 5 años. El Estudio 2 investigó la comparación en la formación de categorías en 48 niños de 4 años y en el Estudio 3 se estudiaron los efectos de la inferencia en 24 niños de 4 años. Únicamente los niños que compararon artefactos bajo un rótulo común sortearon el sesgo perceptivo, formando categorías nuevas, no así los que fueron invitados a realizar inferencias en base a propiedades. Se discuten los alcances de la comparación y las limitaciones de la inferencia en la categorización de objetos en ausencia de conocimiento conceptual previo.Prior research on category development has shown that cognitive processes such as comparison and inductive inference promote conceptual development, highlighting particular aspects of children's existing conceptual knowledge. This paper reports the study of children's comparison and inductive inference in the categorization of non-familiar objects. It used a forced-choice and word extension task with novel artifacts, manipulating their functional properties. Using an accidental sample, Study 1 assessed whether 2 to 5 years old children extended a novel word to a non-familiar artifact based of its function. It was found that only 5-year-olds succeeded. Study 2 tested the effects of comparison in the formation of categories in 48 4-year-olds and Study 3 the effects of inference in 24 4-year-old children. Only children

  16. Sociocultural and educational factors for reading literacy decline in the Netherlands in the past decade

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Netten, A.R.; Voeten, M.J.M.; Droop, W.; Verhoeven, L.T.W.

    2014-01-01

    This study examined sociocultural and educational-factors in explaining the reading literacy achievement of fourth-grade children (about 10 years of age) in the Netherlands during the past decade. Using 2001, 2006 and 2011 PIRLS data, a multilevel modeling analysis was conducted to examine levels

  17. Internalization of the Sociocultural Ideal: Weight-Related Attitudes and Dieting Behaviors among Young Adolescent Girls.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sherwood, Nancy E.; Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne

    2001-01-01

    Surveyed adolescent girls regarding body dissatisfaction, dieting, and internalization of sociocultural values, media-influenced knowledge, acceptance of varied body shapes, and media exposure. Girls understood media influence on self-image and behavior and accepted varied body shapes. Significant numbers reported dissatisfaction with weight and…

  18. Revisitando la pedagogía con la perspectiva sociocultural: Artefactos para la práctica reflexiva en el oficio de enseñar psicología. Profesores de psicología en formación y formados en comunidades de aprendizaje de prácticas de enseñanza del profesorado de psicología Re-Visiting Pedagogy With Socio-Cultural Perspectiva: Artifacts To Develop Reflective Practice At Work Of Teaching Psychology. Teachers Of Psychology In Training And Trained In Communities Of Learning Of Teaching Apprenticeship Of Psychology Teaching Course

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Erausquin

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo es investigar modelos mentales de intervención de profesores de Psicología en situaciones-problemas que construyen estudiantes universitarios de Didáctica Especial y Prácticas de Enseñanza. Unidades de análisis: "giro contextualista" del aprendizaje. Marco teórico: enfoques socioculturales y pedagogía, modelos mentales y cambio cognitivo, reflexión sobre profesión y competencias. Se administró un Cuestionario de Situaciones- Problema de Intervención a 93 estudiantes y 22 docentes del profesorado en 2007. Se analizan diferencias cualitativas entre pre-test y post-test de 53 "profesores en formación" en ejes y dimensiones de profesionalización. Fortalezas: problemas complejos, inferencias, objetivos. Nudos críticos: ahistoricidad, agencia unilateral, herramientas, atribución. Figuras de profesor centradas en potenciación de sujeto psicológico, más que en contenido y significado de enseñanza disciplinar. Implicación en procesos de internalización/externalización para apropiación del rol: tensiones, oportunidades de cambio, construcción e intercambio de sentidos. Modelo mental: unidad de análisis multidimensional, heterogénea, situada en tramas intersubjetivas, institucionales e históricas.The AIM is to explore mental models of intervention of Psychology teachers in educational problem-situations that University students build at their Undergraduate Teaching Apprenticeship. Units of analysis: "contextualist shift" of learning. Frame: sociocultural theories and pedagogy, mental models and cognitive change, reflection over profession and competences. A Questionnaire of Problem-Situations was given to 93 students and 22 teachers in 2007. Qualitative differences between pretest and post-test in axes and dimensions of the process of becoming professionnals are analysed in 53 futur teachers of Psychology. Strengths: complex problems, inferences, aims. Critical knots: ahistoricity, unilateral agency, tools and

  19. Shared Values and Socio-Cultural Norms: E-Learning Technologies from a Social Practice Perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shih, Patti; Velan, Gary M.; Shulruf, Boaz

    2017-01-01

    From a perspective of social practice, learning is a socially constituted practice that is imbued with socio-culturally significant meanings and shaped by the values and norms shared within a community of learners. This focus group study examines the role of e-learning technologies in mediating the social practice of learning among coursework…

  20. GESTIÓN HUMANA: TENDENCIAS Y PERSPECTIVAS

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    JUAN GUILLERMO SALDARRIAGA RÍOS

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se hace referencia a las tendencias y las perspectivas de gestión humana que se imponen en el mundo en la actualidad y que, a su manera, pretenden optimizar la administración del personal de la organización y contribuir al desarrollo e incremento de la productividad y la competitividad. Mediante la realización de un Estado del Arte se logran determinar algunas de las tendencias más relevantes en la actualidad y se concluye que, cada vez con mayor fuerza, dichas tendencias se sustentan en discursos que pretenden "rescatar" al ser humano dentro de la organización, lo que no necesariamente se traduce en los procesos de gestión humana que se realizan en las organizaciones nacionales e internacionales.

  1. Features structuring image of Ukraine in socio-political and socio-cultural discourse

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    A. O. Pocelujko

    2015-08-01

    Layers of socio-political discourse under defined-State officially and historically historiographical discourses. These discourses present the image of the state in the context of national history as the source, where by means of targeted public policy is formed and implemented state identity as the language of institutional communication. Images states that officially created in-state and historically historiographic discourses as a set of ethnic myths, frames, stereotypes intended to create mechanisms of perception and interpretation of the past of the country, used in educational policy as a tool for national identity with the corresponding identity discourse. Socio-cultural discourse and the corresponding image of the state is characterized by a strong plurality, conceptuality, multyparadyhmality. In the socio-cultural discourse is conceptualization image of the state as part of the living world as opposed to social and political discourse, in which the image of the state appears more like dogmatic ideological construct, which tends to uniqueness. In the scientific discourse in constructing the image of the state is dominated intellectual and conceptual component, while in the state mediadyskurs-image formed on the basis of emotional and social representations stained. Latest distributed in makroteksts designed to create appropriate social attitudes, sensatsion, mobilizing different social groups on a variety of events and more

  2. Perspectiva Futura de Tiempo, Satisfacción Laboral y Compromiso Organizacional: el Efecto Mediador de la Autoeficacia, la Esperanza y la Vitalidad

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    Daniel Arturo Cernas-Ortiz

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el efecto mediador de la autoficacia, la esperanza y la vitalidad en la relación de la perspectiva futura de tiempo con la satisfacción laboral y el compromiso organizacional. Se aplicó un cuestionario autoinformado a 299 estudiantes de máster con experiencia laboral. Las hipótesis se probaron mediante un análisis de mediación utilizando regresión lineal. Los resultados indican que los tres factores considerados median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y la satisfacción laboral. También se encontró que mientras que la autoeficacia y la esperanza median la relación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y el compromiso organizacional, la vitalidad no lo hace. Este estudio sugiere que la asociación entre la perspectiva futura de tiempo y las actitudes analizadas no es directa, sino que se transmite, en mayor o menor medida, a través de factores que varían en poder de mediación.

  3. Comportamiento del Comercio Mundial de Palta y Perspectivas del Mercado Chino

    OpenAIRE

    Ministerio de Agricultura y Riego

    2015-01-01

    En el presente Reporte de la Situación de la Palta en el Mercado Internacional veremos los precios internacionales, la producción Mundial, La exportación Mundial, Exportaciones de México, Competencia con las exportaciones peruanas, Importación Mundial de Palta, Evolución de las exportaciones, las Perspectivas del Mercado Chino para la palta Peruana.

  4. Imunidade tributária : perspectivas da imunidade religiosa

    OpenAIRE

    Jackson Urquiza da Costa e Silva

    2012-01-01

    O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os limites e as perspectivas da imunidade tributária religiosa prevista na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Antes de discutir-se a essência dessa questão, fez-se uma breve passagem histórica da evolução da imunidade tributária, desde seu surgimento no império romano ao estado moderno; e especificamente no Brasil, desde os tempos como colônia de Portugal à Constituição de 1988. Após serem fixados os critérios informadores da ...

  5. THE CONCEPT OF LOCAL-SMART-HOUSING: TOWARDS SOCIO-CULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY OF VERNACULAR SETTLEMENTS

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    AmirHosein GhaffarianHoseini

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available The recent decades have witnessed the widespread manifestation of intelligent building design development around the world. Meanwhile, the concept of smart housing as one of the main issues of intelligent building design development has stimulated various architects and designers to make use of it for the sake of sustainable housing. However, this study represents a gap in smart housing design owing to the lack of a deep consideration on cultural values of users for ensuring the socio-cultural sustainability as one of the objectives of sustainable smart housing designs. Accordingly, the study puts forward the concept of local-smart-housing through utilization of appropriate vernacular architectural features and cultural values of vernacular settlements in smart housing design in order to reinforce the sociocultural sustainability. Meanwhile, this study is limited to the Malay context in order to identify the vernacular features of Malay vernacular settlement’s functional spaces for utilization in smart housing design to make them culturally responsive. Correspondingly, this study proposes the concept of local-smart-housing based on the incorporation of intelligent building design and utilization of vernacular features for enhancing the quality of life for users.

  6. The other side of migration in rural Nepal: sociocultural transformation and the women left behind

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Gartaula, H.N.

    2011-01-01

    This study examines the relationship between male labour out-migration and the process of sociocultural transformation in the places of origin. Taking an example from Nepal, it shows that male labour out-migration has increased women’s partici­pation in agriculture, more significantly so in

  7. Body Image and Self-Esteem among Adolescent Girls: Testing the Influence of Sociocultural Factors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clay, Daniel; Vignoles, Vivian L.; Dittmar, Helga

    2005-01-01

    In Western cultures, girls' self-esteem declines substantially during middle adolescence, with changes in body image proposed as a possible explanation. Body image develops in the context of sociocultural factors, such as unrealistic media images of female beauty. In a study of 136 U.K. girls aged 11-16, experimental exposure to either ultra-thin…

  8. Sociocultural experiences, body image, and indoor tanning among young adult women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stapleton, Jerod L; Manne, Sharon L; Greene, Kathryn; Darabos, Katie; Carpenter, Amanda; Hudson, Shawna V; Coups, Elliot J

    2017-10-01

    The purpose of this survey study was to evaluate a model of body image influences on indoor tanning behavior. Participants were 823 young adult women recruited from a probability-based web panel in the United States. Consistent with our hypothesized model, tanning-related sociocultural experiences were indirectly associated with lifetime indoor tanning use and intentions to tan as mediated through tan surveillance and tan dissatisfaction. Findings suggest the need for targeting body image constructs as mechanisms of behavior change in indoor tanning behavioral interventions.

  9. The Aesthetic Value of Socio-Cultural Identities and the Cultural Dimension of the Landscape

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    Lazaros Elias Mavromatidis

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper summarizes an individual theoretical study on how the landscape could be shaped by economic globalization and political restructuring. Providing a socio-cultural approach to the landscape notion I am trying to discover through the international literature the subjective dimension on landscape definition, in order to understand its ‘cultural dimension’. In this paper, the notion of ‘virtual landscape’ is introduced in order to investigate the incoherence that exists in the nowadays megacities regarding their social reality and their iconic existence through architecture and urban planning. In addition, it is also explored in theory how an ideological turn is re-inforced through political orientation focusing on ‘virtual landscape’ images in order to obtain a favorable publicity in a contemporary context of ‘globalised cities’ consisting in the elimination of the ‘cultural landscape’. Therefore, this contribution has as main objective to define, negotiate and start the debate on radical socio-cultural approaches of landscape notion in the nowadays ‘megacities’, inside a strict capitalistic context.

  10. Application of Cognitive and Socio-Cultural Theories in CALL

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    Mustafa Akın Güngör

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Since it is quite difficult in traditional learning atmospheres for the learners to be exposed to the target language adequately in foreign language acquisition, CALL in which virtual environment is designed in more appropriate way has given rise. Two main paradigms, cognitive model and socio-cultural theory, have also been adopted in CALL. Moreover, rather than applying one theory, combination of these paradigms is unavoidable. However, application of this combination is challenging in practice, as these two theories have different principles. Furthermore, when it comes to online education, it turns into more challenging process. In this poster this combination is presented with the help of sample applications from Gazi University.

  11. Economic culture of the Tuvans within the scope of the sociocultural approach

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    Yuri V. Popkov

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available In this article, the authors argue that for the periods of social turmoil, understanding culture as a set of norms controlling social behavior is limited and insufficient. A more adequate approach would involve interpreting culture as a specific historical version of the society’s existence in its qualitative form. This hearkens back to the sociocultural approach which postulates the culture as an ensemble, and the sociocultural construed as the social in the cultural variety. In this context, economic culture might be seen as a set of qualitative features of a specific economic entity shaped by the local conditions of development. With all its peculiarities, an economic culture appears an element of this sociocultural diversity. Studying the economic culture of Tuvans through the lens of the sociocultural approach and the notion of this diversity allows us to outline several important aspects of this issue, rarely addressed by the existing academic discourse. A focus should be made, for instance, not only on the dominant nomadic culture, but also on subdominant economic cultures which helped shape a number of skills and techniques. While nomadism helped develop unhurried and contemplative attitude to life, hunting demanded dynamic change, and agriculture and crafts called for diligence and meticulousness. A brief glance at the economic history of Tuvans allowed the authors to conclude that economic diversity both provides stability to the economic culture of Tuvan society and expresses its variegation, its capacity to develop through numerous modifications. This polymorphism acts as an important resource which helps launch the alternate routes of ethnic development. These routes rarely appear self-evident under the dominant type of economic culture which had been shaping the traditional life of Tuvan society. Tapping into this alternative potential can prove an important reserve for future development. An overview of ethnographic data helps

  12. Cultura Organizacional na Perspectiva Cultural Regional BrasileiraOrganizational Culture under the Perspective of the Brazilian Regional CultureCultura Organizacional en la Perspectiva Cultural Regional Brasileña

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    MUZZIO, Henrique

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMOEsse ensaio tem como objetivo analisar o contexto cultural brasileiro e a sua influência no universo organizacional a partir de uma perspectiva cultural regional que não se limite à visão funcionalista e avance por meio de conceitos contemporâneos como os fluxos culturais e os códigos culturais locais. Do ponto de vista internacional, os estudos comparativos que trabalham com a perspectiva de adaptação cultural já apresentam um volume significativo de pesquisas que enfatizam as distinções entre regiões ou nações. Mas, quando se trata dessa perspectiva dentro de países culturalmente diversos, parece ainda não haver no campo a mesma expressão. Em países em que é reconhecida a diversidade cultural, como o Brasil, análises que levem em conta as influências dessa variável podem contribuir para a eficiência das relações internas e externas da organização. Arguimos a necessidade das organizações contemplarem em suas ações o que chamamos de legitimidade cultural local, quando as organizações atuam em distintos contextos respeitando os valores e as práticas culturais locais. As diferentes culturas regionais encontradas no Brasil se refletem nos hábitos dos consumidores, no comportamento social e nas atitudes e desempenho das pessoas no trabalho, o que requer efetivamente diferentes e variadas práticas de gestão.ABSTRACTThis essay has the objective of analyzing the Brazilian cultural context and its influence on the organizations universe from a cultural regional perspective that goes beyond the functionalist paradigm and advances through contemporary concepts, like cultural flows and the local cultural codes. In an international perspective, in studies that consider the perspective of cultural adaptation, it is possible finding a significant volume of research that emphasizes the distinctions between regions or nations. On the other hand, when it these studies deal with this perspective inside each culturally

  13. Formas de la convergencia de medios y contenidos multimedia: Una perspectiva rumana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Georgeta Drula

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se centra en dos tipos de convergencia tecnológica de medios: la basada en tecnología móvil, y la convergencia basada en la unificación de las tecnologías de la información y la industria mediática. Estas formas están influidas por los aspectos multimedia del contenido. El interés de la investigación de este estudio se centra en el panorama mediático en Rumanía y en su estado actual. Aunque muchos académicos y profesionales evalúan la convergencia de medios por el contenido desde una perspectiva periodística, existen otros muchos aspectos y tendencias a tener en cuenta. Así, la convergencia de medios en términos de contenido puede ser interpretada junto al contenido del usuario y considera la unificación del contenido pagado, poseído, compartido y adquirido. Este artículo propone una perspectiva teórica y práctica para la relación entre convergencia y multimedia en cuanto a los productos mediáticos on-line. Esta perspectiva se refiere a los productores y a los consumidores de la información. El interés del artículo reside en tanto que identifica los retos de la industria mediática y establece enfoques acerca de la convergencia multimedia para los productos mediáticos. La metodología consiste en el análisis de contenido y en el agrupamiento jerárquico con el objetivo de descubrir diferentes formas de convergencia de medios on-line. La conclusión establece que, gracias a varias tecnologías y sus asociaciones, la convergencia puede dirigirse desde el usuario a la industria y viceversa.

  14. Building a Model of Employee Training through Holistic Analysis of Biological, Psychological, and Sociocultural Factors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schenck, Andrew

    2015-01-01

    While theories of adult learning and motivation are often framed as being either biological, psychological, or sociocultural, they represent a more complex, integral process. To gain a more holistic perspective of this process, a study was designed to concurrently investigate relationships between a biological factor (age), psychological factors…

  15. Sociocultural Theory Applied to Second Language Learning: Collaborative Learning with Reference to the Chinese Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dongyu, Zhang; Fanyu, B.; Wanyi, Du

    2013-01-01

    This paper discusses the sociocultural theory (SCT). In particular, three significant concepts of Vyogtsky's theory: self-regulation, the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), and scaffolding all of which have been discussed in numerous second language acquisition (SLA) and second language learning (SLL) research papers. These concepts lay the…

  16. The Influence of Socio-Cultural Factors on Leadership Practices for Instructional Improvement in Indonesian Schools

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jawas, Umiati

    2017-01-01

    Empirical studies have shown that although leadership shares similar practices across East and West, some practices have inherently distinguished socio cultural characteristics. Understanding these characteristics is important in Asian contexts since socio-cultures are a major power in determining the success or failure of a change process. This…

  17. Sociocultural Experiences of Bulimic and Non-Bulimic Adolescents in a School-Based Chinese Sample

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jackson, Todd; Chen, Hong

    2010-01-01

    From a large school-based sample (N = 3,084), 49 Mainland Chinese adolescents (31 girls, 18 boys) who endorsed all DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa (BN) or sub-threshold BN and 49 matched controls (31 girls, 18 boys) completed measures of demographics and sociocultural experiences related to body image. Compared to less symptomatic peers, those…

  18. Sociocultural determinants of anticipated oral cholera vaccine acceptance in three African settings: a meta-analytic approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sundaram, Neisha; Schaetti, Christian; Merten, Sonja; Schindler, Christian; Ali, Said M; Nyambedha, Erick O; Lapika, Bruno; Chaignat, Claire-Lise; Hutubessy, Raymond; Weiss, Mitchell G

    2016-01-14

    Controlling cholera remains a significant challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa. In areas where access to safe water and sanitation are limited, oral cholera vaccine (OCV) can save lives. Establishment of a global stockpile for OCV reflects increasing priority for use of cholera vaccines in endemic settings. Community acceptance of vaccines, however, is critical and sociocultural features of acceptance require attention for effective implementation. This study identifies and compares sociocultural determinants of anticipated OCV acceptance across populations in Southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Western Kenya and Zanzibar. Cross-sectional studies were conducted using similar but locally-adapted semistructured interviews among 1095 respondents in three African settings. Logistic regression models identified sociocultural determinants of OCV acceptance from these studies in endemic areas of Southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo (SE-DRC), Western Kenya (W-Kenya) and Zanzibar. Meta-analytic techniques highlighted common and distinctive determinants in the three settings. Anticipated OCV acceptance was high in all settings. More than 93% of community respondents overall indicated interest in a no-cost vaccine. Higher anticipated acceptance was observed in areas with less access to public health facilities. In all settings awareness of cholera prevention methods (safe food consumption and garbage disposal) and relating ingestion to cholera causation were associated with greater acceptance. Higher age, larger households, lack of education, social vulnerability and knowledge of oral rehydration solution for self-treatment were negatively associated with anticipated OCV acceptance. Setting-specific determinants of acceptance included reporting a reliable income (W-Kenya and Zanzibar, not SE-DRC). In SE-DRC, intention to purchase an OCV appeared unrelated to ability to pay. Rural residents were less likely than urban counterparts to accept an OCV in W-Kenya, but more

  19. The Influence of Global Warming Science Views and Sociocultural Factors on Willingness to Mitigate Global Warming

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herman, Benjamin C.

    2015-01-01

    The science education field readily recognizes that perceptions about science's claims and nature influence socioscientific decision making. However, sociocultural factors may overshadow these perceptions when people are forced to make personally impacting choices contextualized within actual socioscientific issues. This investigation…

  20. Liberalismo y democracia en la perspectiva de Norberto Bobbio

    OpenAIRE

    Luis Antonio Córdoba Gómez

    2008-01-01

    En el presente artículo se desarrolla un análisis, abordado desde la filosofía política, en torno a la concepción que el filósofo italiano Norberto Bobbio (1909-2004) planteara acerca de dos de las más importantes tradiciones políticas que ha producido la cultura occidental, y que son, sin duda alguna, pilares sobre los que se ha edificado la modernidad: la democracia y el liberalismo. Desde esta perspectiva se identifican aproximaciones y puntos de encuentro, lo mismo que las tensiones que d...

  1. Desigualdad laboral desde la perspectiva de género

    OpenAIRE

    Laura de Pablos Escobar

    2001-01-01

    Se enuncian y se comentan algunas de las situaciones laborales sufridas por las mujeres, que más nos llaman la atención. Por ejemplo: tasas de paro, contratos temporales, trabajo no remunerado, desigualdad de ingresos, etc. Los datos que se ofrecen, siempre que sea posible, incluirán experiencia comparada. Se refiere a las políticas públicas aplicadas en la actualidad en nuestro país al objeto de solventar la desigualdad laboral desde la perspectiva de género. Nos referiremos tanto a las ayud...

  2. Teoría de la Aceptación-Rechazo Interpersonal (IPARTheory: bases conceptuales, método y evidencia empírica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ronald P. Rohner

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available La teoría de aceptación-rechazo interpersonal (IPARTheory es una teoría basada en la evidencia que trata de predecir y explicar las principales causas, consecuencias y correlatos de la aceptación-rechazo -especialmente parental- a lo largo del ciclo vital. Esta teoría se divide en tres subteorías: subteoría de la personalidad (todos los niños y niñas independientemente de su contexto sociocultural, racial o étnico responden esencialmente en el mismo sentido cuando perciben que son rechazados o aceptados por sus padres u otras figuras de apego; subteoría del afrontamiento (determinados factores individuales proporcionan tanto a niños como a adultos la fortaleza de afrontar más eficazmente las experiencias de rechazo; y subteoría de los sistemas socioculturales (el rechazo parental ocurre en un contexto ecológico, más global, que abarca la familia, la comunidad y en un entorno sociocultural. El método en la IPARTheory se caracteriza por utilizar una estrategia multimétodo desde una perspectiva transcultural, y por proveer un marco conceptual para integrar los estudios empíricos sobre aceptación-rechazo interpersonal desde una perspectiva del ciclo vital.

  3. Da educação: do jogo sociocultural e a inter-relação envolvendo modus vivendi e modus essendi = Education: of the sociocultural game and the inter-relationship involving modus vivendi and modus essendi.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luiz Carlos Mariano da Rosa

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available O artigo em questão se detém na análise da educação por meio da mensagem do filme Coach Carter - Treino para a Vida (2005, que acena com o paradoxo da democratização do ensino e converge para as fronteiras que assinalam a função da escola e o papel do educador, sublinhando o jogo sociocultural e a inter-relação envolvendo modus vivendi e modus essendi que perfazem o referido processo.The article in question focuses on the analysis of education through the message of the movie Coach Carter - Training for Life (2005, which features the paradox of the democratization of education and converges to the boundaries that mark the function of the school and the role of the educator, stressing the sociocultural game and the inter-relationship involving modus vivendi and modus essendi that make up that process.

  4. CORTESÍA SOCIOCULTURAL EN LAS SOCIEDADES MEDELLINENSE Y JAPONESA: UNA INTRODUCCIÓN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ji Son Jang

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un análisis intercultural de la sociedad medellinense y la japonesa, teniendo en cuenta la variabilidad de la cortesía sociocultural de una cultura a otra, con el fin de que sirva de apoyo para los aprendices de una segunda lengua o lengua extranjera. Como punto de partida, se acude a nociones como pragmática en interlengua, transferencia pragmática y el modelo de la cortesía verbal de Brown y Levinson (1987, junto con las nociones de face flattering acts (FFAs, cortesía mitigadora, cortesía valorizante, imagen de autonomía y afiliación, y los contenidos concretos de estas últimas dos categorías. El corpus del estudio se basa en algunos episodios recogidos en Medellín y en Japón. El análisis se centra en algunos actos de habla, especialmente en las relaciones interpersonales no solidarias. En este tipo de relaciones, en la sociedad medellinense se prefiere salvar la imagen positiva, y en la japonesa, la imagen negativa. Es importante señalar explícitamente la variabilidad de la cortesía sociocultural de una cultura a otra, no sólo a los aprendices avanzados de una segunda lengua o lengua extranjera, sino también a los principiantes.

  5. Adult Learning for Social Change in Museums: An Exploration of Sociocultural Learning Approaches to Community Engagement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Junghwan; You, Jieun; Yeon Park, Soo

    2016-01-01

    This integrative literature review critically examined how scholars were articulating the work of museums to make a space for "adult learning for social change through community engagement". We applied sociocultural adult learning theories (situated learning and cultural-historical activity theory), to 25 theoretical and empirical…

  6. A animação sociocultural como fator de preservação das tradições populares do concelho de Chaves

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Sandra Manuela Silveira

    2015-01-01

    Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências da Educação, Especialização em Animação Sociocultural O presente trabalho consiste num estudo sobre a Animação Sociocultural como fator de preservação das tradições populares, elementos relevantes da cultura local, no concelho de Chaves: artesanato, agricultura tradicional, literatura popular de tradição oral, festas e romarias, gastronomia, medicina popular, jogos populares, festividades cíclicas, santos populares juninos, entre outras tradi...

  7. Fertility and its relationship with sociocultural factors in Kuwaiti society.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Kandari, Y Y

    2007-01-01

    The aim of this study was to examine the effect of some sociocultural variables on the fertility of Kuwaiti women. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 7749 married women (aged 15-78 years) selected randomly from 10 primary health care clinics in Kuwait. The fertility rate was 3.58 live births per woman. Fertility was higher among Sunni Muslim women, those of Bedouin ethnicity, and those in a consanguineous marriage (P relationship between fertility and respondents' educational level, occupation, age at marriage, socioeconomic status and type of marriage (consanguineous or not). There was a positive relationship between fertility and the respondents' age and the family income.

  8. Como entender la formacion docente. Concepciones y perspectivas en Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Gastón Jorge Navarro

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo es comprender la formación docente bajo el enfoque de distintas concepciones que desde diversos supuestos y puntos de partida entretejen un complejo entramado de prácticas al interior de las aulas en Argentina. La idea de concepciones nos permite entender los procesos por los cuales se construye, reproduce, y/o se transforma la idea de ser docente. De acuerdo a la concepción de formación docente que se tenga, puede entenderse cuales son los mecanismos más adecuados para llevarla a cabo. Palabras clave: Formación docente, Práctica docente, Concepciones, Perspectivas. O objetivo do artigo é compreender a formação docente mediante o enfoque de diferentes concepções que filiadas aos mais diversos pressupostos e pontos de partida, tecem uma trama complexa de práticas em sala de aula na Argentina. A ideia de concepções nos permite entender os processos através dos quais se produz, reproduz e/ou se transforma a ideia de ser docente. De acordo com a concepção de formação docente que se tenha, pode-se entender quais são os mecanismos mais adequados para seguir adiante. Palavras-chave: Formação docente, Prática docente, Concepções, Perspectivas.

  9. Machismo, Marianismo, and Negative Cognitive-Emotional Factors: Findings From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nuñez, Alicia; González, Patricia; Talavera, Gregory A; Sanchez-Johnsen, Lisa; Roesch, Scott C; Davis, Sonia M; Arguelles, William; Womack, Veronica Y; Ostrovsky, Natania W; Ojeda, Lizette; Penedo, Frank J; Gallo, Linda C

    2016-11-01

    There is limited research on the traditional Hispanic male and female gender roles of machismo and marianismo, respectively, in relation to negative cognitions and emotions. Given the vulnerability of Hispanics to negative cognitions and emotions, it is important to examine sociocultural correlates of emotional distress. Therefore, we examined associations of machismo and marianismo with negative cognitive-emotional factors (i.e., depression symptoms; cynical hostility; and trait anxiety and anger) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study, a cross-sectional cohort study of sociocultural and psychosocial correlates of cardiometabolic health. Participants were aged 18-74 years and self-identified as Hispanic of Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South American, and other Hispanic background ( N = 4,426). Results revealed that specific components of machismo (traditional machismo) and marianismo (family and spiritual pillar dimensions) were associated with higher levels of negative cognitions and emotions after adjusting for socio-demographic factors ( p < .05); these associations remained consistent across sex, Hispanic background group, and acculturation. Findings can inform mental health interventions and contribute to our understanding of the importance of gender role socialization in the context of self-reported negative cognitive-emotional factors in Hispanics.

  10. An idiographic and nomothetic approach to the study of Mexican-origin adolescent mothers' socio-cultural stressors and adjustment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeiders, Katharine H; Umaña-Taylor, Adriana J; Updegraff, Kimberly A; Jahromi, Laudan B

    2015-04-01

    The current study examined the longitudinal relations of socio-cultural stressors (i.e., acculturative stressors, enculturative stressors, ethnic discrimination) and Mexican-origin adolescent mothers' depressive symptoms and risk-taking behaviors. Utilizing an idiographic and nomothetic approach, we conducted lagged analyses to examine how individuals' fluctuations in stressors predicted subsequent adjustment. Further, we investigated potential threshold effects by examining if the impact of fluctuations in stressors differed at varying levels of stressors. Mexican-origin adolescent females (N = 184) participated in yearly in-home assessments across 5 years and reported on their experiences of acculturative and enculturative stressors, ethnic discrimination, depressive symptoms, and risk-taking behaviors. Findings revealed that within-person fluctuations in acculturative stressors and, to a lesser extent, perceived discrimination related to youths' depressive symptoms. For risk-taking behaviors, however, only within-person fluctuations in enculturative stressors emerged as significant. Further, a threshold effect emerged in the link between enculturative stressors and risk-taking behaviors, suggesting that fluctuations in enculturative stressors predicted changes in risk-taking behaviors at high levels of enculturative stressors but not low levels. Our findings highlight the differential relations between socio-cultural stressors and adolescent females' adjustment and suggest that prevention programs aimed at reducing depressive symptoms should attend to any degree of change in socio-cultural stressors, whereas programs focused on risk-taking behaviors should be especially attuned to levels of enculturative stress.

  11. An Idiographic and Nomothetic Approach to the Study of Mexican-Origin Adolescent Mothers’ Socio-Cultural Stressors and Adjustment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zeiders, Katharine H.; Umaña-Taylor, Adriana J.; Updegraff, Kimberly A.; Jahromi, Laudan B.

    2014-01-01

    The current study examined the longitudinal relations of socio-cultural stressors (i.e., acculturative stressors, enculturative stressors, ethnic discrimination) and Mexican-origin adolescent mothers’ depressive symptoms and risk-taking behaviors. Utilizing an idiographic and nomothetic approach, we conducted lagged analyses to examine how individuals’ fluctuations in stressors predicted subsequent adjustment. Further, we investigated potential threshold effects by examining if the impact of fluctuations in stressors differed at varying levels of stressors. Mexican-origin adolescent females (N = 184) participated in yearly in-home assessments across 5 years and reported on their experiences of acculturative and enculturative stressors, ethnic discrimination, depressive symptoms, and risk-taking behaviors. Findings revealed that within-person fluctuations in acculturative stressors, and to a lesser extent, perceived discrimination, related to youths’ depressive symptoms. For risk-taking behaviors, however, only within-person fluctuations in enculturative stressors emerged as significant. Further, a threshold effect emerged in the link between enculturative stressors and risk-taking behaviors, suggesting that fluctuations in enculturative stressors predicted changes in risk-taking behaviors at high levels of enculturative stressors, but not low levels. Our findings highlight the differential relations between socio-cultural stressors and adolescent females’ adjustment, and suggest that prevention programs aimed at reducing depressive symptoms should attend to any degree of change in socio-cultural stressors, whereas programs focused on risk-taking behaviors should be especially attuned to levels of enculturative stress. PMID:25099084

  12. Latin Loans In French Contemporary Advertising: Socio-Cultural, Linguistic and Psychological Aspects

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Kudinova

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available The article deals with the Latin language borrowings in the modern French language. The functioning of Latin borrowings in French advertising is analyzed. The attention is drown to the socio-cultural, linguistic and psychological aspects of this functioning. General trends concerning latinisms in French language are the clear proof of the importance and vitality of Latin into French society. It was shown that the Latin language has greatly influenced the French cultural memory and common European culture.

  13. Historical, Socio-Cultural, and Conceptual Issues to Consider When Researching Mexican American Children and Families, and other Latino Subgroups

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    Raymond Buriel

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available In order for the field of psychology in the United States to maintain its relevance and validity, it must become more inclusive in its theory and research of Latinos, who are now the largest "minority" group in the nation. In particular, due to immigration and birth rates, Mexican Americans are the largest and fastest growing segment of the Latino population. This paper addresses some of the most significant historical and socio-cultural factors contributing to the psychological nature and wellbeing of Mexican Americans. These factors should be understood and used to guide research and theory in order to make the discipline of psychology relevant for Mexican Americans. The concept of mestizaje is used to explain the biological and cultural mixing constituting the diverse origins of the Mexican people. Immigration to the U.S. is described in terms of selective socio-cultural variables giving rise to a diverse Mexican American culture that is resistant to complete assimilation. Within a U.S. context, the constructs of generational status, acculturation, and biculturalism are used to explain the socio-cultural adaptation of Mexican Americans. The special role of children in immigrant families as language and cultural brokers are also discussed, and used to explain the adjustment of Mexican American families.

  14. Text and Image of Advertising in Nigeria: An Enterprise of Socio-Cultural Reproduction

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Taofeek Dalamu

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available The role of language in the construction of socio-cultural reality is inevitable. That is why text is used as a pillar that supports the explication of the intended purpose of images applied in multifaceted ad plates. It is a phenomenal tradition that has remained strong in ad campaigns. Advertisers make images and text as discrete components that are inseparable. Images and texts are sedimentary devices in ads, which we can consider as the social position that motivates this enquiry. After the selection of ten ads from various social strata, semiotics viewed from the stances of Saussure and Peirce has been applied along with social semiotics to analyze the ads. The study reveals that ads and advertisers are keen to the promotion of culture with the use of images with textual collaboration. Reference to antiquity has been exposed as a very useful material in ads because it fascinates the public by reproducing their about-to-be-forgotten cultural heritage. Social exercises in the ads create side attractions that lead to assorted photographic entertainment. Besides boosting the audience social knowledge, socio-cultural reproduction experienced in ads can propel the concerned agencies to repackage our cultural beauties as a means of economic growth and emancipation. Keywords: Advertising, Consumer, Language Function, Social System, Semiotics

  15. Social-Cognitive and Socio-Cultural Predictors of Hepatitis B Virus-Screening in Turkish Migrants, the Netherlands

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Veen, V.J.J. van der; Empelen, P. van; Looman, C.W.N.; Richardus, J.H.

    2013-01-01

    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important health problem in the Turkish Dutch. Screening is necessary for detection and prevention of HBV. We aimed to identify social-cognitive and socio-cultural determinants of HBV-screening intention among Turkish Dutch. A cross-sectional survey was carried out

  16. Pre- and Post-Migration Determinants of Socio-Cultural Integration of African Immigrants in Italy and Spain

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Fokkema, T.; de Haas, H.

    2015-01-01

    Using a unique dataset (N=2,014), we examine the pre- and post-migration determinants of socio-cultural integration among first-generation immigrant groups in southern Europe: Moroccan and Senegalese migrants in Spain, and Egyptian and Ghanaian migrants in Italy. The results of the pooled and

  17. Social-cognitive and socio-cultural predictors of hepatitis B virus-screening in Turkish migrants, the Netherlands.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van der Veen, Y J J; van Empelen, P; Looman, C W N; Richardus, J H

    2014-10-01

    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important health problem in the Turkish Dutch. Screening is necessary for detection and prevention of HBV. We aimed to identify social-cognitive and socio-cultural determinants of HBV-screening intention among Turkish Dutch. A cross-sectional survey was carried out amongst 335 Turkish Dutch, aged 16-40 years. Respondents showed favorable scores for the potential determinants of HBV-screening. Attitude, perceived behaviour control, social support and social norm, and the level of satisfaction with Dutch health care proved to be directly associated with screening intention. Relevant socio-cultural beliefs were shame, stigma, the association of screening with sexuality and family values. Persons with lower screening intentions had lower scores for attitude, perceived behaviour control, social support and subjective norms, but scored higher for feelings of shame and stigma regarding hepatitis B. This study shows how cultural values and social-cognitive factors are related to HBV-screening intention.

  18. Sociocultural Factors of Survival of Males and Females in Economically Active Age: a Regional Analysis

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    Evgeniya Khasanovna Tukhtarova

    2018-03-01

    Full Text Available The period, when a person starts and completes his or her professional carrier and labour participation, in general, coincides with the age when the self-preservation behaviour develops. It is a time when a person aims for a healthy and safe lifestyle. During this period, an individual assumes the main standards, values of the self-preservation behaviour inherent in an ethnic, social and cultural macro-environment. To research the sociocultural factors of survival, we applied econometric modelling to demographic processes using the discrete and probabilistic indicators of the mortality tables of male and female in economically active age. The econometric model included the elements of spatiotemporal characteristics of territories. These characteristics are interrelated with the indicators of survival probability and the indicator of average life expectancy in the regions of Russia. We choose the major sociocultural factors by the correlation ratio of indicators and their sensitivity. The econometric analysis has revealed a high degree of sensitivity of a territorial variation of demographic and sociocultural factors in the regions of Russia, including a gender aspect. The most significant socio-economic factors, which determine the self-preservation behaviour of males, are the following: 1 the size of Gross Regional Product per capita; 2 quality of health infrastructure; 3 fixed investments; 4 population with monetary income under the subsistence minimum (share coefficient of income differentials. The female have the same hierarchy of socio-economic factors, except for the sensitivity of variables to the regional differentiation of signs. The household poverty factor has little significance for the women and it is the main difference between male and female. The built model has shown the predictive importance in the assessment of the above-mentioned factors in short and medium-term prospects.

  19. Likelihood to Use Employee Assistance Programs: The Effects of Sociodemographic, Social-Psychological, Sociocultural, Organizational, and Community Factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hall, LaCheata, And Others

    1991-01-01

    Employees (n=62) from large telephone communications company completed questionnaires assessing relationship between likelihood to use Employee Assistance Program (EAP) services and five domains: sociodemographic, social-psychological, sociocultural, organizational, and community. Found that women and individuals in higher income and educational…

  20. Foundations of Socio-Cultural Ecology: Consequences for Media Education and Mobile Learning in Schools

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    Klaus Rummler

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available This conceptual paper offers insights to the foundations of Socio-Cultural Ecology and relates this concept to traditional concepts of Ecology e.g. media ecology or Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model of child development. It will further discuss the term «ecology» as a relation between learners and their surrounding physical and structural world, e. g. an ecology of resources or the classroom as an ecological system. Thirdly more recent concepts in ecology will be considered e. g. Digital Media Ecology including media ecology (German: Medienökologie from a German perspective. This contribution tries to describe common principles of (media ecologies and will ask after their meaning and relation to media education and mobile learning. One of the main results is the realisation that cultural practices of school learning and cultural practices of media acquisition take place in different worlds or in different ecological spheres. The question is thus again of how to bridge these ecological spheres, and how «agency» developed outside school, can be nourished inside school. In other words: how can we bridge socio-cultural and technological structures within these cultural practices.

  1. An exploration of socio-cultural and organizational factors affecting women's access to educational leadership

    OpenAIRE

    Korkor Owusu, Patrick

    2014-01-01

    Recent global reports indicate that women have made tremendous improvements in educational enrolment and labour participation but are woefully underrepresented in top leadership positions. Moreover, studies have shown that feminine leadership strategies are embraced but leadership is still perceived as a prerogative of men in many societies. This study therefore sought to explore the socio-cultural and organizational factors influencing the underrepresentation of women in educational leadersh...

  2. A formação do formador de professores: perspectivas de colaboração entre graduandos e pós-graduandos no projeto Teletandem Brasil The education of teacher educators: perspectives of collaboration between undergraduate and graduate students in the Project Teletandem Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Cristina Biondo Salomão

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo qualitativo realizado no projeto Teletandem Brasil sobre os processos de supervisão e estratégias pedagógicas utilizadas por uma mediadora no processo de mediação de um par interagente. Baseando-nos no paradigma da formação reflexiva, na teoria sociocultural de Vygotsky e na aprendizagem colaborativa de línguas, com especial ênfase para o regime tandem, analisamos as contribuições da relação colaborativa formada entre uma aluna de pós-graduação e uma aluna-professora em formação. Os resultados trazem implicações para o campo da formação de professores de línguas, em relação a uma perspectiva de formação na prática, evidenciando a experiência de ensino e aprendizagem colaborativos no Teletandem como uma oportunidade para a formação reflexiva do aluno-professor, o interagente, e também do futuro formador de professores, o mediador.In this article, we present some of the results of a qualitative research within the Project Teletandem Brazil about the process of supervision and pedagogic strategies used by a mediator in the mediation process of a pair of Teletandem partners. Based on the reflexive teaching paradigm, on Vygotsky's sociocultural theory and on collaborative language learning, with special emphasis to tandem learning, we analyzed the contributions of the collaborative relationship established between a graduate student and a student-teacher. The results bring about implications to the field of language teacher education, in relation to a perspective of education within practice, evidencing the experience of collaborative learning in Teletandem as an opportunity for reflexive teacher education for both the student-teacher and the future teacher educator.

  3. JUZGAR CON PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO. ¿CUÁL GÉNERO?

    OpenAIRE

    Contreras, Laura G. Zaragoza; Escuela Judicial del Estado de México

    2016-01-01

    En el presente estudio se presenta una aproximación socio-histórica del concepto de género y, a partir de una perspectiva interaccionista se hace una revisión preliminar respecto de la omisión de los seres humanos intersexuados dentro de los patrones socioculturales de género, quienes legalmente deben considerarse incluidos a partir de considerar la dignidad; origen común de la igualdad de los derechos humanos.

  4. SOCIOCULTURAL STAFF OF LEADERS OF CHON IN OREL REGION IN 1922

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Verizhnikov Alexei Nikolaevich

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this work is the complex sociocultural characteristics of the commanders of units of special approach on the territory of Orel province in 1922. The information about the age of commanders, their educational level, the extent of their military training, office and battle experience, family status is given. The author comes to the conclusion that men at the age between 25 and 30, family (as a rule, with primary education and military training, sufficient office and battle experience stood at the head of Orel ChON at the moment of its final organizational formation.

  5. Stress and sleep: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study

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    Carmela Alcántara

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Hispanics/Latinos face specific sociocultural stressors associated with their marginalized status in the United States. While stress is known to cause poor sleep, the differential effects of the specific stressors faced by Hispanics/Latinos have not been evaluated. Using cross-sectional data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study, we conducted weighted generalized linear models to evaluate the associations of acculturation stress, ethnic discrimination, and chronic moderate/severe stress with self-reported sleep outcomes (insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, sleep duration in individual and aggregate models adjusted for site, socio-demographics, behavioral, and medical conditions. Participants included 5313 Hispanic/Latino adults; 43.5% ≥ age 45, 54.8% female, and 22.0% US-born. Chronic moderate/severe stress, ethnic discrimination, and acculturation stress were each positively associated with sleep. In the adjusted aggregate model, only chronic moderate/severe stress was associated with insomnia symptoms (exp(b = 1.07 for each additional stressor, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.09. Both acculturation stress (exp(b = 1.05 for each additional SD, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.10 and ethnic discrimination (exp(b = 1.05 for each additional SD, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.08 were associated with daytime sleepiness. Each SD increase in ethnic discrimination related to a 16% and 13% increased prevalence of short ( 9 h (RRR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.00, 1.27, respectively. These associations were consistent across sex. Acculturation stress and ethnic discrimination are associated with poor sleep in Hispanics/Latinos. Future research should explore whether behavioral sleep interventions minimize the impact of sociocultural stressors on sleep.

  6. LIDERAZGO Y RENDIMIENTO DE LA GERENCIA INTERMEDIA BAJO LA PERSPECTIVA DE LOS OBJETIVOS BALANCEADOS

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    Eleonora Parra de Párraga

    2006-07-01

    Full Text Available Analizar una empresa desde la perspectiva del liderazgo y el rendimiento utilizando como método los objetivos balanceados o Cuadro de Mando Integral, implica la utilización de herramientas poco comunes pero exitosas. Enfrentar una investigación desde varios ángulos presenta la oportunidad de observar con mayor detenimiento las diversas áreas que presentan problemas y determinar así la mejor forma de resolverlos. El método de los objetivos balanceados o Cuadro de Mando Integral, ofrece esta oportunidad, a cualquier organización. Dicho método puede emplearse desde la perspectiva tanto financiera como no financiera, lo básico es que le indica al empresario donde están sus fallas y cómo debe corregirlas. Lo primordial es lograr el éxito en todos los órdenes, y eso lo puede lograr al precisar un eficiente liderazgo decidido a mejorar u optimizar el rendimiento empresarial.

  7. Conversão, predação e perspectiva

    OpenAIRE

    Vilaça, Aparecida

    2008-01-01

    Os Wari’, povo falante de língua da família Txapakura, que habita o oeste do estado de Rondônia, convive há cinco décadas com os missionários fundamentalistas protestantes da New Tribes Mission. A partir do recurso comparativo ao mito, este artigo procura compreender a conversão ao cristianismo como um processo de adoção da perspectiva do inimigo, relacionado à busca dos Wari’ pela estabilização na posição de humanos. Visa também contribuir para o debate corrente entre antropólogos e estudios...

  8. Influencia del contexto sociocultural en la percepción del riesgo y la negociación de protección en hombres homosexuales pobres de la costa peruana Influence of socio-cultural context on risk perception and negotiation of protection among poor homosexual males on the Peruvian coast

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ximena Salazar

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo utiliza un enfoque del riesgo concebido, no como una acción individual, sino tomando su dimensión social. Busca analizar las diferentes formas en que el contexto sociocultural, relacionado a la homofobia internalizada y a las normas de género hegemónicas, permite la construcción de barreras en la percepción del riesgo. Estas barreras impiden la negociación de protección entre hombres homosexuales que han asumido una identidad de género femenina y habitan en barrios pobres de Lima y Trujillo, Peru. El análisis de la percepción del riesgo desde el plano sociocultural, nos va a permitir explicar las razones por las cuales la capacidad de negociación en esta población se ve restringida, no obstante, posee, más que otras, un mayor conocimiento del VIH/SIDA y sus consecuencias.This paper focuses on risk, conceived not as an individual action, but considering its social dimension, analyzing the various forms in the socio-cultural context related to internalized homophobia and hegemonic gender norms that allow barriers to be constructed in risk perception. Such barriers hinder negotiation and protection among homosexual men that have adopted a female gender identity, living in low-income barrios of Lima and Trujillo, Peru. Risk perception is analyzed on the socio-cultural plane, allowing one to explain the limited negotiating capacity of this population, even though they have extensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS and its consequences.

  9. Social maturity of the identity of seniors as condition of successful adaptation to the modern sociocultural environment

    OpenAIRE

    Pavlov A.K.

    2017-01-01

    this article describes social maturity of the identity of seniors as a condition of successful adaptation to the modern sociocultural environment, marks out some criteria of definition of socially mature personality, gives definition to the concept «social competence of the personality».

  10. Velhice e espiritualidade na perspectiva da psicologia analítica

    OpenAIRE

    Mello, Maria Aparecida

    2012-01-01

    Esta Tese de Doutorado é resultado da pesquisa "Velhice e Espiritualidade na Perspectiva da Psicologia Analítica" realizada no Núcleo de Psicossomática e Psicologia Hospitalar da PUC-SP. Foi utilizado os métodos quantitativo e qualitativo na análise dos resultados. O objetivo geral do estudo foi compreender a percepção do idoso acerca do processo de envelhecimento e da vivência da espiritualidade nessa fase da vida. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com uma amostra de 100 idosos, a m...

  11. Family Environment and the Metabolic Syndrome: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Sociocultural Ancillary Study (SCAS).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Penedo, Frank J; Brintz, Carrie E; LLabre, Maria M; Arguelles, William; Isasi, Carmen R; Arredondo, Elva M; Navas-Nacher, Elena L; Perreira, Krista M; González, Hector M; Rodriguez, Carlos J; Daviglus, Martha; Schneiderman, Neil; Gallo, Linda C

    2015-12-01

    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Very limited work has evaluated associations of sociocultural processes with prevalence of the MetS. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate associations between family environment (cohesion/conflict) and the MetS, in a multi-site sample of US Hispanics/Latinos. A total of 3278 participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos underwent a clinical exam and completed psychosocial measures including family environment (cohesion and conflict) as part of the Sociocultural Ancillary Study. The association between family environment and the MetS was moderated by sex. Among all women, higher family conflict was associated with MetS prevalence. Results by ancestry group showed that only among Cuban women, higher conflict was associated with the MetS, whereas only among Dominican men, greater cohesion was associated with the MetS. The family context may be a sociocultural protective or risk factor among Hispanics/Latinos in terms of MetS risk, but these associations may vary by sex and Hispanic background.

  12. Analyse linguistique, normes scolaires et differenciations socio-culturelles (Linguistic Analysis, Educational Standards, and Socio-Cultural Differentiation).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Francois, Frederic

    1980-01-01

    Questions the validity of some child language studies that measure cognitive ability by the degree of complexity of the linguistic expression. Claims that these studies ignore many facets of the children's sociocultural experience as well as the influence of situational factors on their choice of linguistic codes, perpetuating socially biased…

  13. Introducing Computers to Kindergarten Children Based on Vygotsky's Theory about Socio-Cultural Learning: The Greek Perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pange, Jenny; Kontozisis, Dimitrios

    2001-01-01

    Greek preschoolers' level of knowledge about computers was examined as they participated in a classroom project to introduce them to new technologies. The project was based on Vygotsky's theory of socio-cultural learning. Findings suggest that this approach is a successful way to introduce new technologies to young children. (JPB)

  14. Transplante cardíaco infantil: perspectivas e sentimentos maternos Trasplante cardiaco infantil: perspectivas y sentimientos maternos Heart transplant in children: maternal perspectives and feelings

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    Kiarelle Lourenço Penaforte

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Objetiva-se descrever as perspectivas maternas e sentimentos despertados pelo transplante cardíaco infantil. Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido no Hospital do Coração, de Messejana, em Fortaleza-CE, no período de agosto a novembro de 2007. Os sujeitos foram sete mães de crianças transplantadas. Utilizaram-se como técnicas a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise dos prontuários. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, em três etapas, segundo Bardin, organizados, analisados e interpretados à luz da literatura pertinente, vivência das pesquisadoras e experiência das entrevistadas. Da análise das falas, emergiram as unidades temáticas: necessidade do transplante; fonte de apoio; sentimentos externados pelas mães; a doação e perspectivas. Conclui-se que a doação é um momento de felicidade vivenciada por todas as mães, tratando-se da solução para vida de seus filhos, e a presença autêntica do enfermeiro nesta ocasião torna-se ainda mais essencial, pois humanizar faz parte do cuidar da enfermagem.El objetivo fue describir las perspectivas maternas y los sentimientos provocados por el trasplante cardiaco infantil. Estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollado en el Hospital del Corazón, de Messejana, en Fortaleza-CE, en el período de agosto a noviembre del 2007. Los sujetos del estudio fueron siete madres de niños con transplante . Se utilizó como técnica la entrevista semiestructurada y el análisis de los registros médicos. Los datos fueron sometidos al análisis del contenido, en tres etapas, según Bardin, siendo organizados, analizados e interpretados a la luz de la bibliografía pertinente, de la vivencia de las investigadoras y de la experiencia de las entrevistadas. Del análisis del discurso , surgieron las unidades temáticas la necesidad del trasplante; las fuente de ayuda; los sentimientos expresados por las madres; la donación y sus perspectivas. Se concluy

  15. “Ellas hacen”: análisis de una política pública desde una perspectiva de género

    OpenAIRE

    Férnandez, Melina; Pieruzzini Cid, Rocío

    2016-01-01

    El presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis de la implementación del Programa “Ellas Hacen” en la ciudad de La Plata desde la perspectiva de sus destina- tarias; y abordando dicho análisis desde una perspectiva de género. Cabe destacar que hemos participado como docentes de diferentes comisiones del Plan de Finalización de Estudios (FinEs 2) del Programa "Ellas Hacen”, y a partir de dicha experiencia hemos podido relevar la opinión de las destinatarias. Partimos de considerar que en los...

  16. “Ellas Hacen”: análisis de una política pública desde una perspectiva de género

    OpenAIRE

    Férnandez, Melina; Pieruzzini Cid, Rocío

    2017-01-01

    El presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis de la implementación del Programa “Ellas Hacen” en la ciudad de La Plata desde la perspectiva de sus destina- tarias; y abordando dicho análisis desde una perspectiva de género. Cabe destacar que hemos participado como docentes de diferentes comisiones del Plan de Finalización de Estudios (FinEs 2) del Programa "Ellas Hacen”, y a partir de dicha experiencia hemos podido relevar la opinión de las destinatarias. Partimos de considerar que en los...

  17. Socio-cultural context, child development and beginning reading in Peru

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cecilia Thorne

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available This article focuses on the fact that many children in Peru are not able to read fluently when they finish elementary school. To analyze this shortcoming it presents an overview of the Peruvian context, the education system, the multilingual and the socio-cultural background and identifies the difficult conditions in which Peruvian children grow and its consequences in child development and beginning reading. The paper discusses different aspectsof developmental psychology and puts the accent on Bronfenbrenner's theory and the developmental approach to education. It offers, also, a review of several studies on reading in Peru. Finally it emphasizes the advantages of incorporating the ecological theory and the developmental approach to education

  18. Implicaciones educativas de la teoría sociocultural de Vigotsky

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    Ana Lupita Chaves Salas

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es analizar la teo-ría sociocultural del Lev Vigotsky y reflexionar sobre lasimplicaciones educativas de dicha teoría en los procesosde enseñanza y aprendizaje que se organizan en la es-cuela. Con base en los postulados de Vigotsky, se invita alas docentes y los docentes a repensar su práctica peda-gógica y a promover cambios en su labor profesional conel fin de ofrecer una educación más contextualizada ysignificativa que ayude a formar personas críticas y crea-tivas que contribuyan a construir una sociedad más de-mocrática y solidaria

  19. Gestão Cooperativa, Ambiente Institucional e Sociocultural: o caso Brasil-Paraguai

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    Marcelo Resquetti Tarifa

    Full Text Available Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural na gestão cooperativista da C. Vale - Cooperativa Agroindustrial comparativamente às unidades brasileiras paranaenses mais representativas e as unidades sediadas no Paraguai. As análises do ambiente institucional tomaram como base a Nova Economia Institucional com ênfase na teoria de Douglass North (1990 sobre as instituições e ocorreram com entrevistas in loco a cada unidade cooperativa contemplada pela amostra. As análises do ambiente cultural pautaram-se na caracterização da cultura organizacional de cada unidade cooperativa, conforme o Competing Value Model desenvolvido por Cameron e Quinn (1998. As análises do ambiente social se embasaram no conceito teórico de capital social e nas respectivas características identificadas nas unidades, por meio da adaptação do modelo proposto pelo grupo de estudos do Banco Mundial (BM, elaborado por Grootaert et al. (2003, via análises de conteúdo e das entrevistas realizadas. Como resultado à problemática estabelecida, concluiu-se que, mesmo a C. Vale sendo uma única cooperativa, há influências do ambiente institucional e sociocultural no processo de gestão nas unidades cooperativas paranaenses e paraguaias. Por fim, conforme a proposta de agrupamento das unidades cooperativas com base nos dados coletados, foram identificados quatro clusters específicos.

  20. PERSPECTIVA DE NIÑOS Y NIÑAS DE TRANSICIÓN SOBRE NATURALEZA

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    Natalia Silva Garnica

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Se exploró la perspectiva de niños y niñas de transición sobre naturaleza.   Más específicamente se indagó cómo definen la naturaleza y el medio ambiente y qué sentimientos les genera. Participaron 49 niños y niñas entre los cinco y siete años de edad de dos instituciones de educación formal en el contexto urbano y se usaron diversas  herramientas  que  atendieron  la  expresión  oral,  escrita  y  gráfica.    Los resultados  muestran  que  los  niños  y  las  niñas  de  transición  tienden  a  definir  la naturaleza como elementos aislados, en su mayoría bióticos, que es confuso para ellos si los seres humanos hacemos parte de la naturaleza, que para ellos la naturaleza está a la vez cerca pero lejos y que medio ambiente es un concepto difícil de definir a esta edad. Manifestaron  sentimientos  positivos  frente  a  la  naturaleza  (emoción,  curiosidad, alegría, evidenciando biofilia en la primera infancia en el contexto citadino.   Las herramientas que capturan la voz de los niños resultaron siendo muy informativas pues muestran una perspectiva más dinámica y compleja.   Los resultados demuestran que niños y niñas de transición tienen una perspectiva clara sobre naturaleza y señalan algunos aspectos por fortalecer, en particular abordar más explícitamente la diversidad biológica y ambiental y reconocer que los humanos somos parte integral de ella y lo que esto implica

  1. Competencias desde la perspectiva intercultural para el grado de educación infantil

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    Fernando GONZÁLEZ ALONSO

    2005-01-01

    adecuar sus titulaciones hacia el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, a través de la planificación de los grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria. La propuesta de competencias específicas desde la perspectiva intercultural para Educación infantil, puede resultar un interesante punto de partida.

  2. Lo Sociocultural en la Optica de la Producción Científica y Tecnológica Regional: Una Lectura Crítica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mario Samaniego

    2002-05-01

    Full Text Available Las reflexiones que en el presente texto se elaboran son resultado de un proceso de investigación que busca develar la interacción existente entre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad en el escenario sociocultural de la IXRegión de la Araucania, Chile. El análisis de la imagen y el tipo de relación que las producciones cientrjiicas establecen con la realidad sociocultural regional marcan los objetivos del estudio. Algunos insumos de orden cuantitativo que consideramos, ilustrativos en relación a la lógica e intencionalidad de los proyectos de investigación e innovación tecnológica ejecutados, sirven de base para indagar en tomo a cómo se configura lo sociocultural desde la racionalidad científica. El estudio se ha centrado en los proyectos FONDECYT Y FONDEF desde 1994 (existen otros "actores" que se abocan aldesarrollo científico en la región, ya que éstos representan la mayor producción y más legitima desde el discurso de la ciencia normal como ciencia oficial a nivel de desarrollo científico e innovación tecnológica. Las interpretaciones construidas tienen como referente teórico principal los Estudios Sociales de Ciencia y Tecnologia, apoyándose igualmente en consideraciones provenientes de la Filosofía de la Ciencia y el Análisis Sociocultural.

  3. Breaking the circle: Challenging Western sociocultural norms for appearance influences young women's attention to appearance-related media

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Mischner, I.H.S.; Schie, H.T. van; Engels, R.C.M.E.

    2013-01-01

    Paying attention to thin media models may negatively affect women's self-evaluation. This study aimed to reduce the amount of attention that young women give to appearance-related information by challenging the sociocultural norms for appearance, and studied the moderating role of self-esteem.

  4. Una perspectiva institucional sobre la relación micro-macro.

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    de Nooy, Wouter

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available La relación micro-macro puede ser comprendida como un proceso dinámico en el que los actores interpretan los modelos locales de relación en tanto que indicadores o elementos de una estructura de conjunto, comunican sus interpretaciones y ajustan sus relaciones hacia la estructura tal como la perciben globalmente. En este artículo, se propone que los actores perciben las subestructuras locales en una red de evaluaciones, como las díadas, tríadas o semiciclos cortos e infieren agrupamientos y jerarquías de forma que son compatibles con los modelos de la teoría del equilibrio. Es decir, interpretan y comunican la información como clasificaciones simplificadas e idealizadas parecidas a bloques (blockmodels[2] respecto a los que ajustan sus relaciones a continuación. De este modo, las perspectivas ego-centradas y socio-centradas se relacionan de manera dinámica.Esta perspectiva es aplicada a evaluaciones entre autores y críticos en las instituciones literarias. En el nivel micro, los autores literarios y los críticos ajustan sus evaluaciones a las evaluaciones precedentes. En el nivel global, la institución literaria es estratificada en conglomerados, por ejemplo movimientos literarios y estilos. Los miembros de esta institución se reflejan en su estructura: clasificaciones de acuerdo con el movimiento y el estilo son comunicadas y discutidas en la crítica literaria.

  5. Cadaveric organ donation in China: A crossroads for ethics and sociocultural factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Yijin; Elliott, Robert; Li, Linzi; Yang, Tongwei; Bai, Yusen; Ma, Wen

    2018-03-01

    In this paper, we will discuss several ethical issues concerning cadaveric organ donation from the perspective of sociocultural factors that are unique to China under the condition that China has ended the use of executed prisoner's organs for transplants. It is found that though great developments have been made in organ transplantation, the ethical issues relating to organ transplantation still face dilemmas in China. It is argued that organ donation and transplantation in China could make further progress if the ethical issues proposed in this paper can be carefully considered.

  6. JUZGAR CON PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO. ¿CUÁL GÉNERO?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura G. Zaragoza Contreras

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available En el presente estudio se presenta una aproximación socio-histórica del concepto de género y, a partir de una perspectiva interaccionista se hace una revisión preliminar respecto de la omisión de los seres humanos intersexuados dentro de los patrones socioculturales de género, quienes legalmente deben considerarse incluidos a partir de considerar la dignidad; origen común de la igualdad de los derechos humanos.

  7. La calidad de los contenidos educativos reutilizables: diseño, usabilidad y prácticas de uso

    OpenAIRE

    Mauri, Teresa; Onrubia Goñi, Javier; Coll, César, 1950-; Colomina, Rosa

    2016-01-01

    El escrito aborda el tema del análisis de la calidad educativa de los contenidos educativos reutilizables desde la perspectiva constructivista de orientación sociocultural del proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje. Basándose en este planteamiento y con la finalidad de delimitar la naturaleza de las propuestas formativas cuya calidad pretende ser analizada, define las características específicas de las que integran este tipo de contenidos y, finalmente, plantea algu...

  8. Systemic Violence, Subjectivity of Risk, and Protective Sociality in the Context of a Border City: Ciudad Juarez, Mexico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salvador Salazar Gutiérrez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En el artículo se analiza, desde una perspectiva sociocultural y en relación con el contexto de violencia sistémica presente en la ciudad fronteriza de Ciudad Juárez, cómo se ha venido produciendo una subjetividad del riesgo a partir del análisis de diversos relatos de entrevistas aplicadas a actores sociales adscritos a los campos de discursividad político, empresarial, religioso y periodístico.

  9. Robert E. Park and the migrations. Introductory study and translation of Emilio Martínez

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez, Emilio

    2000-01-01

    Las migraciones humanas conllevan importantes modificaciones en el orden sociocultural y político de las sociedades afectadas: desorganización social, problemas de asimilación, desmoralización de los individuos, conductas desviadas, etc. Pero también existe un proceso de transferencia cultural muy creativo. Estos trabajos, desde una perspectiva sociológica, exploran algunas de las más interesantes manifestaciones sobre esta dinámica cultural en las sociedades urbanas, en particular el concept...

  10. A psicologia educacional e a formação de professores: tendências contemporâneas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Aloyseo Bzuneck

    Full Text Available A Psicologia Educacional é uma das disciplinas da formação acadêmica dos professores, mas é também uma área de pesquisa com implicações para a aprendizagem e o ensino. Ela apresenta um meio para compreensão da complexa tarefa educacional no contexto da sala de aula e sociocultural. Os professores precisam ter uma perspectiva psicológica útil para poderem fazer o melhor em seu trabalho.

  11. Literatrónica: un análisis hipertextual de Condiciones extremas, de Juan B. Gutiérrez

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José María García Linares

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo aborda el análisis de la obra hipertextual Condiciones Extremas, de Juan B. Gutiérrez, desde una perspectiva hipertextual. Para ello se tendrá en cuenta no solo el contexto socio-cultural en el que surge, sino también cuestiones teóricas fundamentales para este tipo de obra como la nomenclatura, la nueva concepción de autor y lector y la del texto como juego.

  12. La salud pública: una visión sobre su quehacer actual

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María del Pilar Díaz

    1997-04-01

    Full Text Available El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo plantear la opinión de la autora sobre la concepción de, y la labor que, la Salud Pública debiera desarrollar en la actualidad. No se trata de una revisión histórica crítica de la disciplina, sino de una reflexión de una persona que como antropóloga ha andado caminos dentro de la Salud Pública con una perspectiva sociocultural.

  13. Recolectores, verificadores y reflexivos: perfiles de la competencia informacional en estudiantes universitarios de primer semestre

    OpenAIRE

    Harold Castañeda-Peña; Liliana González Niño; Gloria Marciales Vivas; Jorge Winston Barbosa Chacón; Juan Carlos Barbosa Herrera

    2010-01-01

    Artículo de investigación que explora perfiles de la competencia informacional en estudiantes universitarios de primer semestre, a partir de un concepto renovado de competencia informacional desde la perspectiva sociocultural, donde se entiende perfil como una práctica habitual que es situada y variada. Se analiza el caso de 285 estudiantes provenientes de dos universidades colombianas, por medio de un instrumento observacional (cuestionario de perfil, protocolos en voz alta y entrevistas). S...

  14. Ética hacker y propiedad intelectual: una nueva perspectiva para abordar la normatividad sobre derechos de autor en el espacio digital

    OpenAIRE

    Uribe Cerdas, Orlando Enrique

    2013-01-01

    En el presente texto se busca mostrar las capacidades explicativas que puede tener la conjunción entre las perspectivas de la ética hacker y la defensa de la propiedad intelectual para dar cuenta de las reacciones generalizadas de rechazo ante las normatividades de derechos de autor en el espacio digital. Así, se lleva a cabo un resumen de los principios de cada una de estas perspectivas dando cuenta de sus capacidades explicativas y características teóricas para, posteriormente, aplicarlas a...

  15. Katimavik Participant's Manual, Book VII, Socio-Cultural Activities = Katimavik manuel du participant, cahier VII, activites socio-culturelles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    OPCAN, Montreal (Quebec).

    The bilingual student manual, devoted to the socio-cultural learning activity portion of Katimavik (a nine-month volunteer community service and experiential learning program for 17 to 21 year old Canadians), contains sections on learning program objectives and trimester guidelines, optional activities, resume recordkeeping, general topic…

  16. Addressing mental health disparities through clinical competence not just cultural competence: the need for assessment of sociocultural issues in the delivery of evidence-based psychosocial rehabilitation services.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yamada, Ann-Marie; Brekke, John S

    2008-12-01

    Recognition of ethnic/racial disparities in mental health services has not directly resulted in the development of culturally responsive psychosocial interventions. There remains a fundamental need for assessment of sociocultural issues that have been linked with the expectations, needs, and goals of culturally diverse consumers with severe and persistent mental illness. The authors posit that embedding the assessment of sociocultural issues into psychosocial rehabilitation practice is one step in designing culturally relevant empirically supported practices. It becomes a foundation on which practitioners can examine the relevance of their interventions to the diversity encountered in everyday practice. This paper provides an overview of the need for culturally and clinically relevant assessment practices and asserts that by improving the assessment of sociocultural issues the clinical competence of service providers is enhanced. The authors offer a conceptual framework for linking clinical assessment of sociocultural issues to consumer outcomes and introduce an assessment tool adapted to facilitate the process in psychosocial rehabilitation settings. Emphasizing competent clinical assessment skills will ultimately offer a strategy to address disparities in treatment outcomes for understudied populations of culturally diverse consumers with severe and persistent mental illness.

  17. On regional differences in sick leave : the role of work, individual and health characteristics and socio-cultural environment

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Beemsterboer, W.; Stewart, R.; Groothoff, J.; Nijhuis, F.

    2008-01-01

    Objectives: Regional differences in sick leave frequency and duration determinants were studied between different professions (sale and cleaning) in different regions in the Netherlands (Utrecht and South Limburg) and the influence of socio-cultural factors on those determinants was explored.

  18. Rural Tourism at its Peak: Socio-Cultural Impacts towards Host Communities of Kinabalu Park, Sabah (Malaysian-Borneo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tangit Tania Maria

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The Kinabalu Park in Sabah (Malaysian-Borneo represents multiple tourism opportunities for its stakeholders, host communities and tourists. Being the first World Heritage Site in Malaysia endorsed by UNESCO since 2000, this nature-based tourism destination is a popular tourism destination in Malaysia, as well as in the Asia region. The designated study area includes villages nearby Kinabalu Park. Through the popularity of the park and various other attractions within the area, tourism activities contributes to socio-cultural impacts towards its host communities. The perceptions and attitudes of the locals towards tourism are identified and evaluated. By having the input of host communities as part of conserving tourism whilst meeting certain principles of sustainable tourism, the paper aims to attain interesting findings about the perceptions of the host communities towards socio-cultural impacts of tourism on their community. The paper further aims to recommend for the continuous improvement of sustainable tourism development at Kinabalu Park and its surroundings.

  19. Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo económico localizado

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    A. H. J. (Bert Helmsing

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available La creciente movilidad de la producción y de los factores de producción puede haber generado una reversión de la polarización. Sin embargo, el desarrollo económico se localiza crecientemente en aglomeraciones económicas. La globalización es un fenómeno muy localizado. El propósito de este artículo es revisar tres perspectivas parcialmente sobrepuestas sobre el desarrollo económico local. Estas perspectivas corresponden en gran medida a tres factores que refuerzan la naturaleza localizada del desarrollo económico, es decir externalidades, aprendizaje colectivo y gobernabilidad. Las externalidades se refieren a fenómenos conocidos asociados con aglomeración. Más nuevo es el hecho de que constituyen una fuente de retornos crecientes. Se revisará esta nueva escuela de economía geográfica. Al mismo tiempo surgió una nueva geografía económica en base a agrupamientos y distritos industriales. Las externalidades se extienden y cambian de forma. La dinámica del desarrollo económico local puede ser vista desde la perspectiva de la economía evolucionaria. El aprendizaje en general y el aprendizaje colectivo en particular son conceptos centrales a nivel de las empresas y también a nivel de las instituciones territoriales. El aprendizaje aumenta y renueva las competencias locales para formular e implementar políticas económicas. La complejización de las relaciones entre empresas y entre empresas e instituciones territoriales es una fuente importante de sinergias y economías externas pero requiere nuevas formas de gobernabilidad, tanto a nivel industrial como territorialThe growing mobility of production and production factors could have contributed to a polarization reversal. However, it appears that economic development is increasingly localized in economic agglomerations. Globalization is a localized phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to review three partially overlapping perspectives on local economic development

  20. Abordando la problemática del Dengue desde una perspectiva ambiental

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    Claudia Zuñiga Vega

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El Dengue es una enfermedad viral que genera danos cuantiosos en los países donde se desarrolla, afectando la economía, las actividades productivas y el turismo, entre otros. El principal transmisor de esta enfermedad es el mosquito Aedes aegypti y las campanas para erradicar este vector se han dirigido principalmente hacia la eliminación de sus larvas y adultos por medio de plaguicidas y hacia la reducción del mal manejo de los desechos. Sin embargo, no se ha realizado esfuerzos para determinar las razones por las que las poblaciones de este mosquito han sido tan exitosas, ni se ha aplicado enfoques integrales para luchar contra esta pandemia. Este artículo trata de explicar el incremento de los casos de Dengue desde la perspectiva del descontrol y desinterés ambiental y la falta de apoyo a las comunidades en muchos campos. Es por esto que los autores proponen abordar esta problemática desde una perspectiva ambiental integral, abarcando desde el control químico y biológico hasta la integración de todos los sectores involucrados (Gobierno, médicos y comunidad.

  1. Sociocultural construction of food ways in low-income Mexican-American women with diabetes: a qualitative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benavides-Vaello, Sandra; Brown, Sharon A

    2016-08-01

    The aim of the study was to explore how low-income Hispanic women, with at least 10 years of having type 2 diabetes, successfully manage the disease within a sociocultural context, especially in relation to foodways. Managing type 2 diabetes is challenging, particularly for underserved populations such as low-income Hispanic women. This population segment has higher rates of type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related complications, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles than the general U.S. Dietary management is a critical aspect of diabetes care, but it is perhaps the most difficult health behaviour to modify. A qualitative and ethnographically based study was used. Participant observation and individual interviews explored the interrelationships of culture, food habits and type 2 diabetes among 12 low-income Hispanic women residing in an impoverished rural community located on the Texas-Mexico border. Hispanic women used unique strategies to adjust their diet, particularly portion control; for example, they emphasised the 'use of the fork', based on the notion that Hispanic finger foods are less healthy. Women categorised foods as bad or acceptable, depending on the context, such as important family or social gatherings. Those with years of diabetes experience confidently took charge of the disease based on knowledge of their bodies and a desire to avoid complications, while acknowledging brief infractions of dietary 'rules' and balancing various social roles and expectations. Hispanic women manage their type 2 diabetes within a sociocultural environment. Those with expertise make changes in how they eat to care for their diabetes, but also continue to maintain traditional foodways. Foodways are critical to most cultural groups and modifying dietary behaviours can be challenging. Clinicians must develop self-management guidance within the sociocultural context of the patient if diabetes outcomes are to improve and be sustained. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  2. “El perfil sociocultural de los graduados universitarios: el caso de la UNGS”

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández, Marcos Silvestre

    2015-01-01

    La presente ponencia se enmarca en un proyecto de beca de investigación otorgada por Consejo Interuniversitario Nacional (CIN) en Octubre del 2014, en la carrera de grado Lic. En Educación de La Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS). El trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el análisis, las metodologías empleadas y las primeras conclusiones sobre el estudio "El perfil Sociocultural de los graduados universitario: el caso de la UNGS". El proyecto se propuso elaborar un es...

  3. Sociocultural and Individual Influences on Muscle Gain and Weight Loss Strategies among Adolescent Boys and Girls

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ricciardelli, Lina A.; McCabe, Marita P.

    2003-01-01

    The study examined the role of body dissatisfaction, body image importance, sociocultural influences (media and parent and peer encouragement), self-esteem and negative affect on body change strategies to decrease weight and increase muscles in adolescent boys and girls. Surveys were administered to 587 boys and 598 girls aged between 11 and 15…

  4. Self-Reported Use of Emotional Display Rules in the Netherlands and Iran: Evidence for Sociocultural Influence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Novin, Sheida; Banerjee, Robin; Dadkhah, Asghar; Rieffe, Carolien

    2009-01-01

    Sociocultural differences in children's use and understanding of emotional display rules have been under-researched. In the present study, 56 Dutch and 56 Iranian children aged 10-11 years took part in a structured interview about their experiences of using emotional display rules. In comparison with the Dutch children, the Iranian sample was more…

  5. Personal equations: reflections on the history of fieldwork, with special reference to sociocultural anthropology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kuklick, Henrika

    2011-03-01

    In the latter part of the nineteenth century, diverse sciences grounded in natural history made a virtue of field research that somehow tested scientists' endurance; disciplinary change derived from the premise that witnesses were made reliable by character-molding trials. The turn to the field was a function of structural transformations in various quarters, including (but hardly limited to) global politics, communications systems, and scientific institutions, and it conduced to biogeographical explanations, taxonomic schemes that admitted of heterogeneity, and affective research styles. Sociocultural anthropology, which took specialized shape at the beginning of the twentieth century, shared many properties with other field sciences, but its method--participant observation-was distinctive. Critical to the method's definition were the efforts of the British experimental psychologist-anthropologist W. H. R. Rivers, who relied on notions then widespread in Europe and the United States. The discipline's future mythic hero, Bronislaw Malinowski, embraced Rivers's model. For both men, proper fieldwork meant using the researcher's body as an instrument and entailed understanding both the anthropologist's body and the research subject's body as energy systems; this symmetry facilitated a relativist perspective. Participant observation remains central to sociocultural anthropology, but the discipline's pedagogic habits contributed to loss of memory of its energetic conceptualization.

  6. Gestión humana: tendencias y perspectivas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Guillermo Saldarriaga Ríos

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se hace referencia a las tendencias y las perspectivas de gestión humana que se imponen en el mundo en la actualidad y que, a su manera, pretenden optimizar la administración del personal de la organización y contribuir al desarrollo e incremento de la productividad y la competitividad. Mediante la realización de un Estado del Arte se logran determinar algunas de las tendencias más relevantes en la actualidad y se concluye que, cada vez con mayor fuerza, dichas tendencias se sustentan en discursos que pretenden “rescatar” al ser humano dentro de la organización, lo que no necesariamente se traduce en los procesos de gestión humana que se realizan en las organizaciones nacionales e internacionales.

  7. An exploratory study of the socio-cultural risk influences for cigarette smoking among Southern Nigerian youth.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Egbe, Catherine O; Petersen, Inge; Meyer-Weitz, Anna; Oppong Asante, Kwaku

    2014-11-22

    The increase in smoking prevalence in developing countries including Nigeria has been mainly blamed on the aggressive marketing strategies of big tobacco companies. There is a paucity of research on other socio-cultural risk factors for smoking among the youth. The main objective of this study is to explore and describe socio-cultural risk factors influencing cigarette smoking among the youth in Southern Nigeria. A total of 27 respondents (5 community leaders, 4 political analysts and 18 young cigarette smokers) were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the data. Social-cultural practices fuelling early usage and exposure of children to cigarettes and the promotional activities of tobacco companies were identified as possible factors influencing youth's smoking behaviour in Southern Nigeria. Tobacco control policies should include cultural interventions to modify current traditional practices and social norms which fuel the use of tobacco in the society. Such interventions must target specific groups, subpopulations and subcultures more exposed to the cultural risk influences for smoking.

  8. Carioca: a perspectiva da enfermagem

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    Ana Elisa Fernandes Lima

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: describir las acciones recomendadas por el Programa Cigüeña Carioca para atención a las parturientes y determinar si la aplicación de este Programa tuvo repercusiones en esta asistencia desde la perspectiva del equipo de enfermería. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo, realizado en una maternidad pública. Entrevistas semiestructuradas se realizaron con cuatro enfermeras obstétricas y siete auxiliares de enfermería que trabajan en el centro de obstetricia de la maternidad. Se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: las categorías del estudio fueron: Calificación de la atención obstétrica hospitalaria y Repercusiones asistenciales y profesionales del Programa Cigüeña Carioca. Conclusión: el personal de enfermería consideró que la aplicación del Programa ha traído mejoras en la atención al parto, favoreciendo la garantía de los derechos de la mujer y el cumplimiento de la enfermería obstétrica en la red de salud municipal.

  9. Psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for developing negative attitude and anti-health behaviour toward the body in young women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Izydorczyk Bernadetta

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available The main aim of the paper is to present the results of research concerning psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for development of negative anti-health (that is too restrictive and compensatory attitude toward one’s body in young Polish women. The study comprised 120 women, of 20 to 25 years of age, with similar socio-demographic status (marital status, living and having been brought up in multi-generation families who so far in the course of their lives have not disclosed mental or somatic disturbances (having accompanying manifestations of body image distortion. The theoretical theses for the research model were the contemporary cognitive concepts (multifactor models of body image dissatisfaction, as well as socio-cultural concepts.

  10. Making sense of shared sense-making in an inquiry-based science classroom: Toward a sociocultural theory of mind

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ladewski, Barbara G.

    Despite considerable exploration of inquiry and reflection in the literatures of science education and teacher education/teacher professional development over the past century, few theoretical or analytical tools exist to characterize these processes within a naturalistic classroom context. In addition, little is known regarding possible developmental trajectories for inquiry or reflection---for teachers or students---as these processes develop within a classroom context over time. In the dissertation, I use a sociocultural lens to explore these issues with an eye to the ways in which teachers and students develop shared sense-making, rather than from the more traditional perspective of individual teacher activity or student learning. The study includes both theoretical and empirical components. Theoretically, I explore the elaborations of sociocultural theory needed to characterize teacher-student shared sense-making as it develops within a classroom context, and, in particular, the role of inquiry and reflection in that sense-making. I develop a sociocultural model of shared sense-making that attempts to represent the dialectic between the individual and the social, through an elaboration of existing sociocultural and psychological constructs, including Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and theory of mind. Using this model as an interpretive framework, I develop a case study that explores teacher-student shared sense-making within a middle-school science classroom across a year of scaffolded introduction to inquiry-based science instruction. The empirical study serves not only as a test case for the theoretical model, but also informs our understanding regarding possible developmental trajectories and important mechanisms supporting and constraining shared sense-making within inquiry-based science classrooms. Theoretical and empirical findings provide support for the idea that perspectival shifts---that is, shifts of point-of-view that alter relationships

  11. Influence of Sociocultural Differences in Translating Euphemistic Expressions from English into Arabic in "A Grain of Wheat"

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anber, Sameerah Jabbar; Swear, Muna Abdual Hussein

    2016-01-01

    The study investigated the sociocultural differences in translating Euphemistic expressions from English into Arabic. Particularly, the study took the novel "A Grain of Wheat" to show the differences of these expressions usage by two translators from different cultures. The study adapts a qualitative approach applied in Leppihalme's…

  12. Perspectivas das pesquisas em gerontologia e geriatria: revisão da literatura

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Freitas Maria Célia de

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo é exploratório e descritivo e objetivou identificar e analisar as tendências e perspectivas das pesquisas nas áreas de gerontologia e geriatria. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico, junto ao Banco de Dados Lilacs e acervo da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto-USP, de publicações multiprofissionais, no período de 1980 a 2000. Apresentaram-se os resultados sob a forma de tabelas e gráficos, destacando-se os estudos com enfoque geriátrico (54%. Quanto às abordagens, houve, na última década (1990 a 2000, aumento, distribuindo-se em Biológica (32%, Recursos Humanos (18%, Social (17%, Psicológica (9,8%, Holística (4,0%, excetuando-se a Ética que permaneceu com o mesmo percentual nos dois períodos (0,8%. Em relação ao tipo de pesquisa, predominou a qualitativa (49,2%. Verifica-se, portanto, que as perspectivas em relação aos idosos indicaram interesse dos profissionais pela temática, tanto pelas transições demográficas e epidemiológicas quanto pela formação de recursos humanos, para o mundo do trabalho junto a idosos, no âmbito profissional e no domiciliar.

  13. Perspectivas da agricultura sustentável no Brasil

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    Rosângela Ap. de Medeiros Hespanhol

    2008-03-01

    -technological development as the only road capable to solve the derived problems of the shortage of foods and the exhaustion of the natural resources; and those that are opposed to this perspective. They propose more maintainable forms, which could be joined under the Alternative Agriculture denomination. It was also tried to discuss the challenges and the perspectives that come in terms of viability terms to discuss and of expansion of the maintainable production systems in environmental and social terms in the agriculture of small scale in Brazil, to example of the organic production.  O processo de incorporação tecnológica ocorrida na agricultura ao longo da história e, mais precisamente, a difusão do pacote da Revolução Verde após a Segunda Guerra Mundial produziu várias implicações sócio-ambientais. Com o agravamento desses problemas em escala mundial e, sobretudo em países como o Brasil, houve a incorporação, ainda limitada, de preocupações ambientais em relação à agricultura. Essa mudança fomentou a discussão e levou à formulação de perspectivas de análise e de intervenção antagônicas e conflitantes entre si, refletindo diferentes interesses e posicionamentos sobre os modelos de desenvolvimento dos países e sobre a própria sustentabilidade. Nesse sentido, procurou-se identificar duas destas perspectivas no Brasil: a que ainda concebe o desenvolvimento científico-tecnológico como a única via capaz de resolver os problemas derivados da escassez de alimentos e do esgotamento dos recursos naturais; e aquelas que se opõem a esta perspectiva e propõem formas mais sustentáveis, que poderiam ser agrupadas sob a denominação de Agricultura Alternativa. Procurou também discutir os desafios e as perspectivas que se apresentam em termos de viabilidade e de expansão dos sistemas de produção sustentáveis em termos ambientais e sociais na agricultura de pequena escala no Brasil, a exemplo da produção orgânica.

  14. Socio-cultural determinants of adiposity and physical activity in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bürgi, Flavia; Meyer, Ursina; Niederer, Iris; Ebenegger, Vincent; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Granacher, Urs; Kriemler, Susi; Puder, Jardena J

    2010-11-26

    Both individual socio-cultural determinants such as selected parental characteristics (migrant background, low educational level and workload) as well as the regional environment are related to childhood overweight and physical activity (PA). The purpose of the study was to compare the impact of distinct socio-cultural determinants such as the regional environment and selected parental characteristics on adiposity, PA and motor skills in preschool children. Forty preschools (N = 542 children) of two culturally different urban regions (German and French speaking part of Switzerland) participated in the study (Ballabeina Study). Outcome measures included adiposity (BMI and skinfold thickness), objectively measured sedentary activities and PA (accelerometers) and agility performance (obstacle course). Parental characteristics (migrant status, educational level and workload) were assessed by questionnaire. Children from the French speaking areas had higher adiposity, lower levels of total and of more intense PA, were more sedentary and less agile than children from the German speaking regions (percent differences for all outcome parameters except for BMI ≥10%; all p ≤ 0.04). Differences in skinfold thickness, sedentary activities and agility, but not in PA, were also found between children of Swiss and migrant parents, though they were ≤8% (p ≤ 0.02). While paternal workload had no effect, maternal workload and parental education resulted in differences in some PA measures and/or agility performance (percent differences in both: ≤9%, p ≤ 0.008), but not in adiposity or sedentary activities (p = NS). Regional differences in skinfold thickness, PA, sedentary activities and agility performance persisted after adjustment for parental socio-cultural characteristics, parental BMI and, where applicable, children's skinfolds (all p ≤ 0.01). The regional environment, especially the broader social environment, plays a prominent role in determining adiposity, PA and

  15. Socio-cultural determinants of adiposity and physical activity in preschool children: A cross-sectional study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kriemler Susi

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Both individual socio-cultural determinants such as selected parental characteristics (migrant background, low educational level and workload as well as the regional environment are related to childhood overweight and physical activity (PA. The purpose of the study was to compare the impact of distinct socio-cultural determinants such as the regional environment and selected parental characteristics on adiposity, PA and motor skills in preschool children. Methods Forty preschools (N = 542 children of two culturally different urban regions (German and French speaking part of Switzerland participated in the study (Ballabeina Study. Outcome measures included adiposity (BMI and skinfold thickness, objectively measured sedentary activities and PA (accelerometers and agility performance (obstacle course. Parental characteristics (migrant status, educational level and workload were assessed by questionnaire. Results Children from the French speaking areas had higher adiposity, lower levels of total and of more intense PA, were more sedentary and less agile than children from the German speaking regions (percent differences for all outcome parameters except for BMI ≥10%; all p ≤ 0.04. Differences in skinfold thickness, sedentary activities and agility, but not in PA, were also found between children of Swiss and migrant parents, though they were ≤8% (p ≤ 0.02. While paternal workload had no effect, maternal workload and parental education resulted in differences in some PA measures and/or agility performance (percent differences in both: ≤9%, p ≤ 0.008, but not in adiposity or sedentary activities (p = NS. Regional differences in skinfold thickness, PA, sedentary activities and agility performance persisted after adjustment for parental socio-cultural characteristics, parental BMI and, where applicable, children's skinfolds (all p ≤ 0.01. Conclusions The regional environment, especially the broader social environment

  16. ALFABETIZAÇÃO, LEITURA E ENSINO DE PORTUGUÊS: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS CURRICULARES

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antônio Augusto Gomes Batista

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Este ensaio tem por objetivo discutir perspectivas de organização curricular para aconsolidação da alfabetização. Estrutura-se em três grandes partes: na primeira, com base naanálise de dados de avaliações de larga escala, argumenta-se que o desenvolvimento ouconsolidação da alfabetização constitui um problema específico, que tem sido negligenciadona interpretação dos resultados dessas avaliações; na segunda parte, apresentam-seperspectivas curriculares gerais, de natureza didático-pedagógica, para o problemadiagnosticado, baseando-se, para isso, na pesquisa sobre a leitura e a escrita, bem como sobreseu ensino; na terceira, aprofundam-se essas perspectivas tendo em vista o desenvolvimentoda leitura e da compreensão leitora. O artigo é concluído com a indicação de condições etomadas de posição que precisam ser articuladas àquelas de base didático-pedagógica –abordadas no ensaio – para a um efetivo desenvolvimento de processos de renovaçãocurricular.

  17. Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen as markers of dietary variation among sociocultural subgroups of Inuit in Greenland.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bjerregaard, Peter; Larsen, Christina V L; Dahl-Petersen, Inger K; Buchardt, Bjørn

    2017-09-10

    We assessed the use of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen as biomarkers for traditional versus store-bought food among the Inuit. Furthermore, we compared the isotope patterns among sociocultural population groups. As a part of a country-wide health survey in Greenland during 2005-2010, we analyzed the isotope composition of toenails from 1025 adult Inuit and meat of common species hunted for food. Information on diet and sociocultural variables was collected by interviews. Weighted by sex and place of residence to the total population of Inuit in Greenland, the average δ 13 C value in toenails was -20.2‰ and the δ 15 N value was 12.0‰ which are higher than in a general Danish omnivorous population. Both isotopes were significantly associated with other biomarkers of marine food and with results of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The percentage of marine food in the diet was estimated at 21% from the mean δ 13 C value, 25% from the mean δ 15 N value, and 23% from the FFQ. Nail samples for analysis of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen were convenient to collect during a large population health survey among the Inuit. Isotope enrichment levels showed statistically significant associations with other biomarkers for consumption of marine food and with results of an FFQ and were used to estimate the percentage of marine food in the diet. Isotope levels were significantly associated with a novel score of sociocultural transition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  18. Teoría microsocial de los símbolos literarios: el análisis del cambio sociocultural como desafío del siglo XXI

    OpenAIRE

    Garcia-Peña, Lilia

    2015-01-01

    Nuestro mundo en el siglo XXI cambia velozmente, la literatura es especialmente sensible a las dinámicas sociales y las expresa, estéticamente, con profundidad y claridad. En este trabajo propongo un enfoque microsocial del análisis de los símbolos literarios para la interpretación de las representaciones del cambio sociocultural en las obras y para la reafirmación de la literatura como expresión y agente de la dinámica sociocultural, me apoyo para ello básicamente en la microsociología de Er...

  19. Trouble on My Mind: Toward a Framework of Humanizing Critical Sociocultural Knowledge for Teaching and Teacher Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brown, Keffrelyn D.

    2013-01-01

    Drawing from the work of philosophers Sylvia Wynter and Ian Hacking, in this conceptual article I argue why a humanizing critical approach to sociocultural knowledge is needed for teacher education, particularly in preparing teachers to work effectively with black students. In light of enduring concerns in teacher education with improving the…

  20. Body-Image Evaluation and Body-Image Investment among Adolescents: A Test of Sociocultural and Social Comparison Theories

    Science.gov (United States)

    Morrison, Todd G.; Kalin, Rudolf; Morrison, Melanie A.

    2004-01-01

    Sociocultural theory and social comparison theory were used to account for variations in body-image evaluation and body-image investment among male and female adolescents (N = 1,543). Exposure to magazines and television programs containing idealistic body imagery as well as frequency of self-comparison to universalistic targets (e.g., fashion…

  1. Disjunction between Language Policy and Children's Sociocultural Ecology--An Analysis of English-Medium Education Policy in Pakistan

    Science.gov (United States)

    Manan, Syed Abdul; David, Maya Khemlani; Dumanig, Francisco Perlas

    2015-01-01

    Sociocultural theory and constructionists propose that language learning is a socially and culturally mediated process, and they emphasize on social interaction. This study examines the amount of students' exposure to the school language to account for the link between English-medium policies in low-fee English-medium schools and children's…

  2. College Athletes' Reflective Judgment: A Moderator between Sport and Sociocultural Pressures, Body Ideal Internalization, and Body Dissatisfaction

    Science.gov (United States)

    Greene, Catie A.

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this research was to investigate the sociocultural model of eating disorder development among male and female college student-athletes as moderated by students' level of Reflective Judgment, a stage theory of adult epistemology marked by increasing cognitive complexity. A review of literature on the established relationships between…

  3. The Dubai Community Psychiatric Survey: II. Development of the Socio-cultural Change Questionnaire.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bebbington, P; Ghubash, R; Hamdi, E

    1993-04-01

    The Dubai Community Psychiatric Survey was carried out to assess the effect of very rapid social change on the mental health of women in Dubai, one of the United Arab Emirates. In order to measure social change at an individual level, we developed a questionnaire covering behaviour and attitudes in a wide range of situations, the Socio-cultural Change Questionnaire (ScCQ). In this paper we give an account of the considerations that determined the form of the ScCQ, its structural characteristics, and its validity.

  4. Origens das organizações modernas: uma perspectiva histórica (burocracia fabril)

    OpenAIRE

    Silva, Felipe Luiz Gomes e

    1982-01-01

    O objeto de trabalho desta monografia é a organização fabril; procuramos entende-la melhor buscando as suas origens dentro de uma perspectiva histórica. Embora esta monografia coloque em relevo a Organização Fabril, não significa que a mesma, tenha recebido um tratamento que a isole do contexto social, econômico e político.

  5. Political, Economic, Socio-Cultural, and Educational Challenges of Administering a Sino-US Joint Venture Campus in China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ozturgut, Osman

    2008-01-01

    This qualitative study explored the political, economic, socio-cultural, and educational challenges of administering a Sino-U.S. joint-venture campus in the People's Republic of China. China American University (CAU) is an educational joint venture between China Investment Company (CIC) and American University (AU) in the U.S. that resulted in…

  6. PERSPECTIVA SOCIO ECOLÓGICA EN EL ANÁLISIS DE ESPACIOS NATURALES PROTEGIDOS DE LA REGIÓN METROPOLITANA DE BARCELONA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Otero Armengol Iago

    2008-07-01

    Full Text Available La perspectiva socioecológica intenta integrar las ciencias naturales con las ciencias sociales para abordar la realidad de forma interdisciplinaria. Bajo este punto de vista, el artículo analiza la historia ambiental del municipio de Matadepera y estudia el patrimonio socioecológico del valle de Olzinelles. A través de los dos casos de estudio, se vincula la perspectiva socioecológica con la mejora de la gestión y la conservación de dos espacios naturales protegidos de la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona: el Parque Natural de Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac y el Parque del Montnegre i el Corredor.

  7. A Sociocultural-Theory-Based Study of the Impact of Mediation during Post- Observation Conferences on Language Teacher Learning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harvey, Jane

    2011-01-01

    The post-observation conference offers a potentially fecund context for promoting language teacher learning, but very little research has been conducted into how this actually happens. Taking Vygotskian sociocultural theory as its theoretical framework, this study examined the mediational discourse of a series of post-observation conferences…

  8. Illness beliefs and the sociocultural context of diabetes self-management in British South Asians: a mixed methods study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Neesha R; Chew-Graham, Carolyn; Bundy, Christine; Kennedy, Anne; Blickem, Christian; Reeves, David

    2015-05-10

    British South Asians have a higher incidence of diabetes and poorer health outcomes compared to the general UK population. Beliefs about diabetes are known to play an important role in self-management, yet little is known about the sociocultural context in shaping beliefs. This study aimed to explore the influence of sociocultural context on illness beliefs and diabetes self-management in British South Asians. A mixed methods approach was used. 67 participants recruited using random and purposive sampling, completed a questionnaire measuring illness beliefs, fatalism, health outcomes and demographics; 37 participants completed a social network survey interview and semi-structured interviews. Results were analysed using SPSS and thematic analysis. Quantitative data found certain social network characteristics (emotional and illness work) were related to perceived concern, emotional distress and health outcomes (p work remained a significant predictor of perceived concern and emotional distress related to diabetes (p culturally appropriate interventions to modify beliefs and support self-management in this population.

  9. The breast cancer fanfare: Sociocultural factors and women's health in Ghana.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tetteh, Dinah A

    2017-04-01

    Traditional notions of the "full" woman and sociocultural beliefs about gender roles contribute to a unique experience of breast cancer in Africa. I used the critical feminist lens to analyze dis-courses about breast cancer in mainstream Ghanaian media. I found that breast cancer awareness is promoted amidst fanfare and that cultural notions of the female breasts, including their sexual appeal, are implied in breast cancer discourse. This obscures a nuanced understanding of the disease and women's health globally, limits the power of women to name their experiences, and contributes to the late presentation of the dis-ease in sub-Saharan Africa. I discuss the implications of the findings for international, interdisciplinary scholarship.

  10. Funciones ejecutivas: nociones del desarrollo desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Esperanza Bausela Herreras

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Desde la perspectiva del desarrollo podemos observar como los niños van siendo cada más capaces de controlar por sí mimos sus propias acciones, respuestas y regular su propia conducta (autorregulación de la conducta o como pasan de una moral heterónoma a una moral autónoma. Esta capacidad de autorregulación de la conducta va ligada al desarrollo de procesos cognitivos de orden superior (memoria de trabajo, planificación, inhibición de respuestas automáticas..., relacionados todas ellos con un mismo constructo, Funciones ejecutivas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo se ha conceptualizado este constructo, centrándonos en uno de las paradojas que ha dominado la literatura en la última década. Desde esta perspectiva se consideran las Funciones ejecutivas como una unidad y al mismo tiempo integrada por una diversidad de funciones independientes. Esbozaremos, de forma más concreta, las líneas generales del modelo jerárquico propuesto por Miyake y colaboradores. Para estos autores las tres dimensiones que integran las Funciones ejecutivas son: flexibilidad atencional, control inhibitorio y memoria de trabajo. En coherencia con este modelo, analizamos el sustrato neurológico en el que se sustentan. Finalmente, comparamos diferentes teorías del desarrollo de las Funciones ejecutivas con el modelo jerárquico propuesto por Miyake y colaboradores.

  11. Modelos teóricos da deficiência no discurso acadêmico brasileiro: perspectivas integracionistas e o campo da saúde coletiva

    OpenAIRE

    Bárbara Fonseca da Costa Caldeira de Andrada

    2013-01-01

    Atualmente, a deficiência é pensada através de dois modelos principais: o modelo médico e o modelo social. Cada um deles adota paradigmas próprios para a definição da deficiência e a proposição de ações reparadoras. Os efeitos sociais da adoção destes modelos variam amplamente, indo da exclusão à inclusão social de pessoas com deficiência. Esta dissertação apresenta a contribuição de perspectivas críticas recentes - nomeadas aqui como perspectivas integracionistas - que congregam elementos do...

  12. ESTRUCTURA, RELACIONES, LÍMITES Y PERSPECTIVAS DE ÉTICA Y EDUCACIÓN

    OpenAIRE

    Aguilar Gordón, Floralba

    2007-01-01

    El presente artículo pretende realizar una integración de teoría y praxis, combinando la reflexión con la acción del sujeto, revisando la estructura, analizando las relaciones, los límites y las perspectivas de la ética y la educación; reflexionando sobre el valor de la ética en los procesos educativos, analizando enfoques y proponiendo nuevos elementos para problematizar y para comprender la educación.

  13. Associations between sociocultural home environmental factors and vegetable consumption among Norwegian 3-5-year olds: BRA-study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kristiansen, Anne Lene; Bjelland, Mona; Himberg-Sundet, Anne; Lien, Nanna; Frost Andersen, Lene

    2017-10-01

    The home environment is the first environment to shape childhood dietary habits and food preferences, hence greater understanding of home environmental factors associated with vegetable consumption among young children is needed. The objective has been to examine questionnaire items developed to measure the sociocultural home environment of children focusing on vegetables and to assess the psychometric properties of the resulting factors. Further, to explore associations between the environmental factors and vegetable consumption among Norwegian 3-5 year olds. Parents (n 633) were invited to participate and filled in a questionnaire assessing the child's vegetable intake and factors potentially influencing this, along with a 24-h recall of their child's fruit and vegetable intake. Children's fruit and vegetable intakes at two meals in one day in the kindergarten were observed by researchers. Principal components analysis was used to examine items assessing the sociocultural home environment. Encouragement items resulted in factors labelled "reactive encouragement", "child involvement" and "reward". Modelling items resulted in the factors labelled "active role model" and "practical role model". Items assessing negative parental attitudes resulted in the factor labelled "negative parental attitudes" and items assessing family pressure/demand resulted in the factor labelled "family demand". The psychometric properties of the factors were for most satisfactory. Linear regression of the associations between vegetable intake and the factors showed, as expected, generally positive associations with "child involvement", "practical role model" and "family demand", and negative associations with "negative parental attitudes" and "reward". Unexpectedly, "reactive encouragement" was negatively associated with vegetable consumption. In conclusion, associations between sociocultural home environmental factors and children's vegetable consumption showed both expected and

  14. Effect of mangrove rehabilitation on socio-cultural of pulau sembilan society, North Sumatera, Indonesia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Basyuni, M.; Harahap, F. K.; Wati, R.; Putri, L. A. P.

    2018-03-01

    Mangrove forests in North Sumatera, Indonesia existed in the east coast of Sumatera Island and commonly found in Serdang Bedagai, Deli Serdang, Batubara, Tanjung Balai, Asahan, Labuhanbatu until Langkat. The effect of rehabilitated mangrove on socio-cultural of Pulau Sembilan society, Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia was studied. The rehabilitation was carried on May 2015 using indirect planting of 2,100 Rhizophora apiculata seedlings. Two times of observations, May and August 2015 were made to monitor and evaluate 400 rehabilitated seedlings. Sixty of 600 households were surveyed using Slovin formula to obtain community perspective on the socio-cultural impact of mangrove rehabilitation. Results showed that the growth of R. apiculata seedlings were 73.3% during four months observations. The restoration affected 65, 58.3 and 35 % of economic, social, and cultural of Pulau Sembilan society, respectively. The perspective of community on the land-use change led to 66.7% was disagreed that mangroves to be converted, 60% respondents stated that mangrove condition was degraded even worse than previously existed. Therefore, to resolve the degraded mangrove, community perspective on rehabilitation was needed (85.5%) and actively involved (88.3%). The present results suggested that the high recommendation for a rehabilitation program for the degraded area was by integrating the stake holders (government, university, and non-governmental organization) and local communities count on the mangrove ecosystems.

  15. Determinants of pre-menarcheal knowledge of menstruation and sociocultural implications in college going girls: A community-based cross-sectional study from Latur, Maharashtra

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    Namrata Arvind Thakur

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Introduction: Adolescence marks the onset of female puberty. The first menstruation is often horrifying and traumatic to an adolescent girl because it usually occurs without her knowing about it. Implications of a girl′s response to menarche have a socio-cultural and religious significance. Aim and Objective: To study the sociocultural and physiological implications of menstruation in college going girls. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional observational study undertaken among college girls. All the girls (n = 252 of the college were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire was used as the study tool. The questionnaire included topics related to sociodemographic information, sociocultural implications and first informant about the physiological process of menstruation along with its timing. Results: Majority of the study subjects (77.40% observed restrictions for religious/holy things. Sleep disturbances were the most common (59% disturbance faced by the study subjects. Of a total of 252 respondents, majority [104 (41.30%] had leg cramps. The first informant of menstruation was the mother in 196 (77.78% girls. Of 252 girls, 86 (34.12% had pre-menarcheal knowledge of menstruation. Mothers from the urban area and with better education tend to give knowledge of menstruation prior to menarche of her daughter. An increasing trend was observed with increasing educational status of the mother and proportion of them giving pre-menarcheal knowledge of menstruation to their daughter. Conclusions: Menstruation is associated with a high burden of sociocultural implications. Pre-menarcheal knowledge of menstruation is poor. Mothers from the urban area and with better educational level tend to give knowledge of menstruation prior to menarche of their daughter.

  16. The Socioculturally Constructed Multivoiced Self as a Framework for Christian Education of Second-Generation Korean American Young Adults

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kang, S. Steve

    2002-01-01

    This article proposes a new framework for theory and practice of Christian education for second-generation Korean American young adults using the literature of sociocultural constructionism and the multivoiced self. This framework can provide holistic nurture and future trajectories in which to encourage a reflexive, praxis-generating faith. The…

  17. Religion as dialogical resource: a socio-cultural approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baucal, Aleksandar; Zittoun, Tania

    2013-06-01

    William James proposed a psychological study of religion examining people's religious experiences, and to see in what sense these were good for them. The recent developments of psychology of religion moved far from that initial proposition. In this paper, we propose a sociocultural perspective to religion that renews with that initial stance. After recalling Vygtotsky's core ideas, we suggest that religion, as cultural and symbolic system, participates to the orchestration of human activities and sense-making. Such orchestration works both from within the person, through internalized values and ideas, and from without, through the person's interactions with others, discourses, cultural objects etc. This leads us to consider religions as supporting various forms of dialogical dynamics-intra-psychological dialogues, interpersonal with present, absent or imaginary others, as well as inter-group dialogues-which we illustrate with empirical vignettes. The example of religious tensions in the Balkans in the 90's highlights how much the historical-cultural embeddedness of these dynamics can also lead to the end of dialogicality, and therefore, sense-making.

  18. Discovering Socio-cultural Aspects of Science Through Artworks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Güney, Burcu Gülay; Şeker, Hayati

    2017-11-01

    Scientific literacy is one of the primary purposes of science education which briefly focuses on using and interpreting scientific explanations, understanding science within its culture. However, science curricula emphasize science with its cognitive aspects and underestimate affective and aesthetic aspects of science. Science education needs to cover beauty of science for students to cross borders between their own culture and culture of science and to achieve the aim of scientific literacy. Relating aesthetic aspects of science with content of science and paving the way for aesthetic experiences through artworks may enrich science education. The purposes of this study are to discuss the need of integrating aesthetic aspects of science in science instruction and to propose examples and pedagogical suggestions to promote aesthetic experiences into the science education. Artworks are selected to present socio-cultural aspects of science to demonstrate the culture of science, their stories are explained, and pedagogical suggestions are proposed. Advantages and difficulties of using artworks in science instruction are discussed as a result of the study.

  19. Sociocultural factors in public acceptance: comparative risk studies involving France, the USA and the UK

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Poumadere, M.; Mays, C.

    1995-12-31

    Examples are given of two types of comparative study that explore the sociocultural factors that shape public attitudes. In the first, public perceptions of nuclear power were assessed by answers to a questionnaire on a broad range of factors by 1500 people in France and the USA. A degree of homogeniety was observed in the responses from France and the USA. Strikingly, both populations agreed in their evaluation of the health risk represented by nuclear power plant. Thus the apparently greater acceptance of nuclear power in France does not seem to be associated with a lesser perception of risk. However, presented with the statement ``We can trust the experts and engineers who build, operate and regulate nuclear power`` 66% of the French agreed compared to only 43% of the Americans. These results reflect two different types of relationship between society and authority. In the second study the approach to gaining public trust and acceptance in the siting of nuclear waste research facilities was compared between the UK and France. Striking differences were found. In this case, too, an explanation can be put forward in terms of the sociocultural variables which influence institutional decision making, particularly in the role and form given to authority. (UK).

  20. Socio-cultural determinants of anticipated acceptance of an oral cholera vaccine in Western Kenya

    OpenAIRE

    SUNDARAM, N.; SCHAETTI, C.; CHAIGNAT, C.-L.; HUTUBESSY, R.; NYAMBEDHA, E. O.; MBONGA, L. A.; WEISS, M. G.

    2012-01-01

    SUMMARY Determinants of anticipated acceptance of an oral cholera vaccine (OCV) were studied in urban and rural communities of Western Kenya. An explanatory model interview administered to 379 community residents assessed anticipated vaccine acceptance at various prices from no cost to full-cost recovery, socio-cultural features of cholera and social characteristics. Nearly all (99%) residents indicated willingness to accept a no-cost OCV, 95% at a price of US$ 0?8, 73% at US$ 4?2 and 59% at ...

  1. Perceptions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Female Athletic Trainers on Motherhood and Work-Life Balance: Individual- and Sociocultural-Level Factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mazerolle, Stephanie M; Eason, Christianne M

    2015-08-01

    A multilevel model of work-life balance (WLB) has been established in the sports management literature to explain interactions among organizational/structural, individual, and sociocultural factors and their effects on individual responses and attitudes toward WLB. These factors influence experiences and outcomes related to WLB. To examine individual and sociocultural factors that may influence perceptions of female athletic trainers (ATs) employed in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I setting, particularly any sex-specific influences. Qualitative study. National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I. A total of 27 women (14 single with no children, 6 married with no children, 7 married with children) currently employed as full-time ATs in the Division I setting participated. Participants responded to a series of open-ended questions via reflective journaling. Data were examined using a general inductive approach. Trustworthiness was established by multiple-analyst triangulation, member interpretive review, and peer review. Participants recognized that their sex played a role in assessing WLB and a long-term career as an AT. In addition, they identified various individual- and sociocultural-level factors that affected their perceptions of WLB and attitudes toward a career goal. Our data suggested that female ATs may hold traditional sex ideologies of parenting and family roles, which may influence their potential for career longevity.

  2. Aplicación de la perspectiva de género en artículos publicados en cuatro revistas nacionales de salud, México, 2000-2003

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cerón-Mireles Prudencia

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Elaborar un diagnóstico sobre la aplicación de la perspectiva de género en el campo de la investigación en salud en cuatro revistas mexicanas de los institutos nacionales de salud. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se revisaron 999 artículos publicados en cuatro revistas científicas (2000-2003, con dos niveles de análisis: a desagregación de datos por sexo, que permite describir las diferencias entre mujeres y hombres; y b análisis de estas diferencias desde la perspectiva de género. RESULTADOS: De los artículos revisados, 25.4% desagregó sus resultados por sexo, de los cuales el mayor porcentaje se publicó en Salud Pública de México (48.8% y el menor en la Revista de Investigación Clínica (16.1%. Solamente 4.2% de los artículos aplicó la perspectiva de género, y los temas mayormente abordados fueron las adicciones, el comportamiento sexual y la violencia. CONCLUSIONES: Este es el primer estudio en México que evalúa la aplicación de la perspectiva de género en la investigación en salud. Al igual que en otros países, es baja la proporción de artículos que analizan las diferencias por sexo y aplican la perspectiva de género. Esto destaca la importancia de promover la investigación interdisciplinaria que ayude a comprender los orígenes biológicos y sociales, o la combinación de ambos, que determinan la salud desigual entre mujeres y hombres.

  3. O ATLETISMO NA PERSPECTIVA EDUCACIONAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Araujo de Sousa

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available A educação física escolar deve proporcionar experiências aos alunos para o seu desenvolvimento integral. As aulas muitas vezes são reduzidas ao ensino de esportes tradicionais, o que limita o repertório de movimentos dos alunos. Dessa forma o presente estudo de revisão objetiva problematizar o atletismo no ambiente escolar e propor possibilidades pedagógicas para seu ensino. Nesta pesquisa propomos tratar o ensino do atletismo na escola, caracterizando-o pelo seu repertório de movimentos que são naturais ao ser humano, como correr, saltar e lançar, o que possibilita maior praticidade em sua aplicação pedagógica, porém essas possibilidades não são consideradas no ambiente educacional. Diante dos dados encontrados, sugerimos que esse esporte seja abordado de forma multidimensional no ambiente escolar contextualizando-o à visão de algumas correntes teóricas. Nessa perspectiva do esporte educacional, o atletismo pode, assim como deve ser trabalhado nas aulas de educação física como instrumento pedagógico de ensino e auxiliar na formação do aluno de forma global.

  4. Perspectivas Alternativas de Investigación en Contabilidad: Una Revisión

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    Carlos Larrinaga Gonzalez

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available A pesar de que gran parte de la investigación en contabilidad se realiza sobre premisas funcionalistas, en los últimos años han aparecido formas alternativas de estudiar la contabilidad, con distintos fundamentos: estudios interpretativos, perspectiva crítica y estudios de la relación entre la contabilidad y el poder. Mediante la revisión de las creencias que subyacen en la investigación de cada escuela, este trabajo tiene el propósito de sostener la oportunidad de emprender estudios sobre la base de presuposiciones alternativas al funcionalismo. El trabajo concluye: (a respaldando la validez de las perspectivas alternativas de investigación; y (b demostrando la riqueza que aportan diferentes planteamientos científicos. Although mainstream accounting research is accomplished under functionalist assumptions, alternative schools of accounting research have emerged in the last few years. They proceed from different foundations: interpretative studies, critical perspective and studies of the relationship between accounting and power. Through the revision of the beliefs that pervade each research approach, the aim o/ this paper is to sustain the opportunity of undertaking studies based on assumptions alternative to functionalism. In conclusion, this exposition (a supports the validity of the alternative perspectives on accounting research; and (b demonstrates that different scientific positions provide enlightenment.

  5. Etnomatemáticas en movimiento : Perspectiva etnomatemática, sus formulaciones teóricas y ejemplificaciones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gelsa Knijnik

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available El artículo discute ideas del campo de las etnomatemáticas, construídas en el ámbito del GIPEMS-Unisinos – Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação e Sociedade, ramo de Unisinos, institución universitaria del sur de Brasil. Presenta la Perspectiva Etnomatemática que, en los últimos años, tiene se constituido en el referencial teórico de su producción académica, concebida como una caja de herramientas teóricas que posibilita analizar los juegos de lenguaje matemáticos de distintas formas de vida, y sus semejanzas de familia y examinar los discursos eurocéntricos de las matemáticas académicas y de las matemáticas escolares. El artículo presenta ejemplos del uso de la Perspectiva Etnomatemática, seleccionados entre los trabajos publicados por el Grupo.

  6. Menarche and menstruation through the eyes of pubescent students in eastern Taiwan: implications in sociocultural influence and gender differences issues.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chang, Yu-Ting; Lin, Mei-Ling

    2013-03-01

    Menstruation is a significant part of women's lives. It has been studied from many perspectives to draw various conclusions about biological and physiological development, gender differences, and sociocultural environments. The purpose of this study was to explore how male and female pubescent students perceive and interpret menarche and menstruation and how their perceptions reflect gender differences and the sociocultural environment in eastern Taiwan. This was an exploratory qualitative study that employed focus group interviews. Data were collected from 20 girls and 27 boys, aged 10-12 years, who were recruited from two elementary schools. Participants engaged in 19 focus group discussions, which lasted 45-60 minutes each. Discussion transcripts were collected, encoded, categorized, and analyzed using the Atlas V 5.0 software. The central theme in menarche and menstruation experiences among pubescent students in eastern Taiwan can be summarized as, "Struggling to grow up amidst contradictions," an attitude that reflects gender divisions and sociocultural representations and practices. Generally, participants' views on menstruation fell within five subthemes: "Ambiguous," "Disregarded," "Dirty," "Personal," and "Transitional." These themes were analyzed within the contexts of society, school, and family. In line with previous research, this study shows the need for more individual reproductive health consultations, reliable sex education, and well-planned health policies to assist pubescent students manage menstruation. In addition, this study suggests that the subjugation of girls and women remains a critical issue that must be addressed and challenged.

  7. Understanding Stakeholders’ Views and the Influence of the Socio-Cultural Dimension on the Adoption of Solar Energy Technology in Lebanon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Houda Elmustapha

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available In light of climate change and global commitments, a great amount of programs and policies have been implemented by governments targeting the diffusion of renewable energy technologies. Successful diffusion relies on the understanding, persuasion and acceptance by consumers and other stakeholders. This article investigates the views, roles and influence of stakeholders on the adoption of solar energy technology in Lebanon. The main research questions are: What are the stakeholders’ views, roles and influence on the diffusion process of solar energy technologies? And are specific socio-cultural factors therein that influenced adoption? The influence of different stakeholders (end users, public representatives, banking sector, suppliers, consultants and NGOs was assessed via qualitative data analysis, in particular semi-structured interviews. Our research perspective combines grounded and critical theoretical approaches with a case study research design allowing for a semi-inductive process to elaborate and complement new insights to the current body of literature on adoption of clean technology innovation, with a particular focus on the socio-cultural dimension. The results show that contextual factors, specifically related to the social, cultural, geographic and market dimensions, played a crucial role in shaping market development, especially in relation to the uptake of solar energy technology by different consumer groups. Based on the results of this study we argue that more scholarly attention should be awarded to the influence of the socio-cultural dimension and stakeholders’ perspectives on adoption of renewable energy technology.

  8. O "Kung Fu" no Brasil na perspectiva dos mestres pioneiros: problemas e perspectivas no uso da história oral como instrumental de análise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Dandoro Castilho FERREIRA

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivando analisar a disseminação das artes marciais chinesas no Brasil optamos por entrevistar mestres pioneiros que imigraram da China trazendo na bagagem o "Kung Fu". Ao fazer esta opção em nossa dissertação, tomamos contato com um instrumental que é o uso de entrevistas na perspectiva da História Oral. Remexer a memória, aceitar os silêncios, respeitar o conhecimento construído e desconstruir outros, por si só já se mostram tarefas bastante árduas. Escutar estes mestres nos levou, mesmo que superficialmente, a tentar compreender aspectos da cultura chinesa sob os quais os mestres e o próprio "Kung Fu" se fundamentaram. Entender as lacunas, as dificuldades e as possibilidades do uso da História Oral como ferramenta metodológica é o que neste artigo buscamos, na perspectiva de contribuir com análises semelhantes, seja de outras práticas marciais ou mesmo de outros olhares sobre a cultura chinesa. Assim sendo, objetivamos neste artigo apontar e discutir a metodologia da História Oral e sua pertinência para o estudo das práticas marciais a partir do uso de entrevistas. Podemos, fruto da discussão apresentada, apontar a História Oral como instrumental bastante útil para a discussão das práticas marciais, considerando logicamente, as pertinências e especificidades necessárias para a adequada utilização desta metodologia de pesquisa.

  9. Una Perspectiva desde la psicología

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa María Raich

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se describen algunas definiciones y el concepto de imagen corporal y laspreocupaciones exageradas acerca de sí mismo que pueden llegar a constituir el trastorno dismórfico.Se analizan las características clínicas de este trastorno, así como las quejas que sobre la aparienciason más frecuentes. Se estudia la relación de este trastorno con nivel de autoestima, identidad degénero, ansiedad interpersonal y depresión. Se hace un repaso a diferentes técnicas de evaluación yde tratamiento de este trastorno. Finalmente se describen algunas perspectivas de futuro en relación al estudio de este trastorno. Tras analizar los resultados observados en diferentes estudios se llega ala conclusión de que la presión por la estética es muy superior en las mujeres que en los hombres yque presentan mayor insatisfacción al valorar su apariencia en todas las áreas.

  10. Can sociocultural and historical mechanisms influence the development of borderline personality disorder?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Paris, Joel; Lis, Eric

    2013-02-01

    Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a common and severe clinical problem. While cross-cultural research suggests that this condition can be identified in different societies, indirect evidence suggests that BPD and some of its associated symptoms (suicidality and self-harm) have a higher prevalence in developed countries. If so, sociocultural and historical mechanisms may have influenced the development of the disorder. While the vulnerabilities underlying BPD are broad and nonspecific, specific symptoms can be shaped by culture. The mechanisms involve the influence of a "symptom bank," as well as the role of social contagion. These trends may be related to a decrease in social cohesion and social capital in modern societies.

  11. Socio-cultural factors and school engagement : A study among Turkish, Moroccan, Assyrian and native Dutch youth in the Netherlands

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Andriessen, I.

    2006-01-01

    This dissertation focuses on the impact of socio-cultural factors on school engagement of minority students in Dutch secondary schools. This question was raised because studies that focus on the impact of structural or institutional factors were often left with an 'ethnic residual'. This ethnic

  12. ¿Qué aprendo con videojuegos? Una perspectiva de meta-aprendizaje del videojugador.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Ignacio Revuelta Domínguez

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El juego ha sido siempre una importante herramienta de educación en toda la cultura humana. Esta consideración ha ido cambiando a lo largo del tiempo y lo ha relegado a un mero objeto de ocio. Nuestra investigación se centra en la utilización de los videojuegos comerciales como herramienta didáctica. Reflexionando sobre su utilidad dentro del aula, formalizando un aprendizaje existente que está inmersa en estos productos de ocio. Para ello, hemos desarrollado una encuesta que indaga sobre lo que se aprende con los videojuegos, desde la perspectiva del jugador, junto con preguntas de opinión sobre la inclusión de los videojuegos en el aula. La muestra incidental es de 115 sujetos. Se ha obtenido un listado de aprendizajes que los propios jugadores han manifestado desde su experiencia lúdica. Además de estos aprendizajes se detectan procesos educativos favorecedores de aprendizajes. La perspectiva de la adquisición de aprendizajes desde el punto de vista del videojugador es una de las aportaciones innovadoras de la investigación, pues hasta ahora sólo se ha reflexionado desde las ideas preconcebidas de los investigadores y las opiniones vertidas en los medios.

  13. Proposal of Artifact for Motivational Analysis of Job CharacteristicsProposta de Artefato para Análise de Características Motivacionais do TrabalhoPropuesta de Artefacto para el Análisis de Características de Motivación en el Trabajo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    DE SORDI, José Osvaldo

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available ABSTRACTThe theory for studying the motivational potential of certain jobs – or job design – was developed for the context of an industrial society, one that is quite different from our current information society. This research proposes a device for discussing and analyzing the key characteristics of motivation referring to jobs, according to the theories of job design and to the information society context. This is a pragmatic research, which applies the Design Science research strategy. Based on an inventory and on content analysis of scientific research concerning job design – published in the twenty-first century in the electronic databases of PROQUEST and EBSCO scientific articles – the motivational characteristics that are associated to this theory were identified, structured and presented in the proposed device.RESUMOA teoria para estudo do potencial motivador de postos de trabalho, denominada job design, foi desenvolvida para o contexto da sociedade industrial, bastante distinta da atual sociedade da informação. Esta pesquisa propõe um artefato voltado para discussão e análise de características centrais da motivação associadas aos postos de trabalho, segundo as teorias de job design e o contexto da sociedade da informação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa pragmática, com emprego da estratégia de pesquisa Design Science. A partir do inventário e da análise de conteúdo das pesquisas científicas sobre job design, publicadas no século XXI nas bases eletrônicas de artigos científicos PROQUEST e EBSCO, características motivacionais associadas às dimensões dessa teoria são identificadas, estruturadas e apresentadas no artefato proposto.RESUMENLa teoría para estudiar el potencial motivacional de puestos de trabajo, denominado Job Design, se desarrolló en el contexto de la sociedad industrial, muy diferente a la actual sociedad de la información. Esta investigación propone un artefacto desarrollado a partir del debate

  14. Gestão das práticas de saúde na perspectiva do cuidado complexo

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    Alacoque Lorenzini Erdmann

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available El progreso en la gestión de las prácticas de la salud implica la reflexión acerca de nuevos abordajes para la construcción del conocimiento en la comprensión del ser humano como un ser de cuidado, en la perspectiva del cuidado complejo realizado por los equipos de la salud interconectivos y potencializados para las mejores prácticas en los sistemas del cuidado. Éste artículo propone una reflexión en la gestión de las prácticas de la salud sobre esta manera de pensar y ver al ser del cuidado, cognoscente, complejo, político, trabajador de la salud, actor y constructor de las relaciones, interacciones y asociaciones en el ejercicio del cuidado para un vivir más saludable, la promoción de la salud y la valorización de la vida. El delineamiento de presuposiciones se constituye en una referencia para la gestión de las prácticas de la salud en la perspectiva del cuidado complejo.

  15. Nación, identidad y paradoja: una perspectiva relacional para el estudio del nacionalismo

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    JUAN GARCÍA GARCÍA

    1994-01-01

    Full Text Available El marco europeo de la década de los noventa nos asombra con dos tendencias aparentemente contradictorias: por una parte, una tendencia acelerada a la mundialización de los espacios, tanto en el sector económico como en el de las telecomunicaciones o el propiamente político ; por otra, una inesperada reanimación del nacionalismo (de estado y / o separatista. Aprovecho en este artículo la perplejidad que en la comunidad de científicos produce la actual situación para sugerir una aproximación al tema desde una perspectiva relacional de las identidades colectivas. Tanto ciertas teorías psicosociológicas acerca de las relaciones intergrupales --p. ej., la teoría de la identidad social de H. Tajfel (1981-- como recientes aportaciones al estudio histórico de "naciones" y "nacionalismos" --P. Sahlins (1989, I. Colley (1992 o C. Ford (1993-- legitiman una aproximación de esta naturaleza, a la vez que ilustran --a lo largo del artículo-- las posibilidades que semejante perspectiva podría tener a la hora de arrojar luz sobre la situación presente.

  16. La calidad universitaria desde una perspectiva de género

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    Carolina Bolaños Cubero

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo plantea la necesidad de que la evaluación de carreras e instituciones, en el marco del discurso de la calidad universitaria y la rendición de cuentas, considere criterios que valoren las condiciones curriculares en que hombres y mujeres se relacionan durante el desarrollo de una carrera. Además de cómo estas relaciones contribuyen o no a modificar, las formas tradicionalmente discriminatorias en perjuicio de las mujeres. Se ofrece una serie de elementos que pueden derivar en criterios de evaluación, desde una perspectiva de género y que, necesariamente, contribuyen a definir la calidad universitaria.

  17. Un acercamiento a la perspectiva sobre la vida sexual de adolescentes de un establecimiento educativo en zona norte en la ciudad de Salta

    OpenAIRE

    Soler, Ana Lucia

    2011-01-01

    p. 105-116 Planteo y conclusiones iniciales de proyecto de investigación sobre la sexualidad en adolescentes de 12 a 16 años. Se busca conocer la forma de presentación de la vida sexual, construir significaciones y ubicar las consecuencias subjetivas de las perspectivas adolescentes. Se incluyen en el análisis la perspectiva vincular, identificatoria y de satisfacción pulsional. Se trabajó con metodología e instrumentos cuanti y cualitativos. El marco teórico responde al psicoanálisis de l...

  18. Some socio-cultural factors influencing fertility behaviour: a case study of Yoruba women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Akande, B

    1989-12-01

    The sociocultural factors impacting on fertility behavior among the Yoruba of Nigeria were investigated in a sample of 330 women, 199 from Ife-Ife urban area and 131 from 3 rural villages also in the Oranmiyan Local Government Area. All study participants were Yoruba women married to Yoruba men who had at least 1 child; their mean age was 34.5 years and 41% had no education. The study was conducted during 1987. The responses confirmed the close link between marriage and procreation in this culture. Children are valued as a source of prestige to a woman, and childless women are stigmatized. The reasons for which children are valued were found to vary according to educational level. 77% of women with no education compared with 41% of those with high levels of education value children as a source of caretaking in old age. In contrast, 44% of highly educated women versus 11% of uneducated women valued children as a source of joy. Educated women were also more likely than women with no education to view motherhood as a means of fulfilling God's command to continue the human race. In terms of sex preference, higher percentages of educated and urban women wanted their 1st child to be a male and son preference has strong religious, legal, and social status significance in the Yoruban culture. However, all respondents indicated they wanted to have children of both sexes. More information on sociocultural factors examined in this study is needed to help in the design of a population policy for the Yoruba.

  19. Perspectivas actuales del tratamiento endodóncico en dientes con lesiones periapicales crónicas

    OpenAIRE

    Canalda Sahli, Carlos

    1990-01-01

    Se analizan los aspectos histopatológicos de las lesiones periapiciales, el fenómeno de la proliferación epitelial intragranulomatosa como mecanismo patogénico de formación de cavidades quísticas microscópicas, los problemas diagnósticos de las mismas así como las perspectivas terapéuticas más actuales.

  20. Pronomes e passivas do inglês : uma breve perspectivação histórica

    OpenAIRE

    Azuaga, Luísa

    2013-01-01

    O objectivo deste texto é considerar duas características da língua inglesa, pronomes e passivas, que podem eventualmente levantar algumas questões a quem a aprende ou ensina, e analisá-las de uma perspectiva diacrónica, contribuindo, deste modo, para a sua melhor compreensão. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

  1. Libertad de expresión y el caso del lenguaje del odio. Una aproximación desde la perspectiva norteamericana y la perspectiva alemana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar Pérez de la Fuente

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumen Este artículo analiza las concepciones sobre la libertad de expresión en el caso del lenguaje del odio, centrándose en algunos aspectos de la perspectiva norteamericana y en algunos aspectos de la perspectiva alemana. El primer modelo está basado en la libertad negativa y se corresponde con la visión del mercado de las ideas que ha elaborado la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema norteamericana. Este Tribunal ha otorgado una papel prioritario a la libertad de expresión, que debería limitarse sólo en casos de un peligro claro y presente o amenaza de desordenes públicos. El segundo modelo, centrado en la libertad positiva, otorga un papel prioritario a la dignidad humana frente a la libertad de expresión. El Tribunal Constitucional Federal alemán ha considerado que en el conflicto de derechos fundamentales debe establecerse una ponderación según las circunstancias de caso concreto. Abstract This article analyzes the conceptions on freedom of expression in the case of hate speech, focusing in some aspects of the North American perspective and in some aspects of the German perspective. The first model is based on negative freedom and it corresponds with the vision of marketplace of ideas that has elaborated the jurisprudence of the North American Supreme Court. This Court has given a priority role to the free speech that only must be limited in cases of clear and present danger or a threat of the breach of the peace. The second model is focused in the positive freedom, it gives a priority role to the human dignity in front of free speech. The Federal Constitutional Court has established that the conflict between fundamental rights must be considered according to the circumstances of the specific case. 

  2. Entrada pela porta dos fundos : os determinantes domésticos e internacionais da proteção brasileira aos Direitos Humanos dos trabalhadores migrantes internacionais

    OpenAIRE

    Requião, Ricardo Bezerra

    2015-01-01

    Esta pesquisa visa a abordar o tratamento oferecido pelo Estado brasileiro aos trabalhadores migrantes internacionais, por meio de seus instrumentos normativos domésticos e de seu comprometimento a instrumentos normativos internacionais que lidam com a proteção dos Direitos Humanos desses indivíduos, levando, ainda, em conta as dimensões sociocultural e econômica que complementam as vertentes jurídico-normativa e política, que constituem o ponto de partida da análise, numa perspectiva multica...

  3. Diseño conceptual del sistema portante para un sensor GPR en un dispositivo para detección de minas antipersona en Antioquia-Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Gutiérrez Bolívar, Julián

    2011-01-01

    Resumen: Se presenta el estado del arte de las Minas Antipersona (MAPs) y Artefactos Explosivos Improvisados (AEIs), planteando estadísticas globales y nacionales, de las víctimas de estos artefactos explosivos que han resultado heridas, mutiladas o muertas. Se realiza y presenta una revisión de los proyectos desarrollados en Colombia y otros países, los cuales son enfocados al desarrollo de dispositivos para la detección de MAPs, AEIs y otros tipos de minas. Se realiza una búsqueda de publi...

  4. Handicrafts production: documentation and audiovisual dissemination as sociocultural appreciation technology

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciana Alvarenga

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper presents the results of scientific research, technology and innovation project in the creative economy sector, conducted from January 2014 to January 2015 that aimed to document and disclose the artisans and handicraft production of Vila de Itaúnas, ES, Brasil. The process was developed from initial conversations, followed by planning and conducting participatory workshops for documentation and audiovisual dissemination around the production of handicrafts and its relation to biodiversity and local culture. The initial objective was to promote expression and diffusion spaces of knowledge among and for the local population, also reaching a regional, state and national public. Throughout the process, it was found that the participatory workshops and the collective production of a virtual site for disclosure of practices and products contributed to the development and socio-cultural recognition of artisan and craft in the region.

  5. Editorial Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México

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    Thel Augusto Monteiro

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available La presente Edición Especial: Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México, es un esfuerzo de investigadores de diferentes universidades reconocidos por sus aportaciones científicas sobre Mercadotecnia en México. Las comunicaciones esta edición describen las Estrategias de Mercadotecnia y su Aplicación en México, está estructurada en ocho aportaciones científicas representan el quehacer académico y de investigación diario de la mercadotecnia, tratando temas de frontera relacionados con el Branding Laboral, el Emprendimiento Social, la Compra Compulsiva, la Inteligencia Emocional, la Mercadotecnia Musical, el Nuevo Perfil de Consumidor Mexicano, el Marketing de Lugares (Caso: Real de Catorce y el Marketing Gastronómico (Caso: Salsa Chimichurri.

  6. Grupos áulicos: aprendendo com os pares

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    Nair Cristina da Silva Tuboiti

    Full Text Available Resumo:Este estudo visa evidenciar as contribuições dos grupos áulicos no processo de aprendizagem entre pares. Pressupõe-se que grupos áulicos garantem o espaço relacional na perspectiva multidirecional. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma turma de 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública de Samambaia, Distrito Federal, por meio de observação participante, entrevista não estruturada e análise documental. Os dados foram analisados na perspectiva sociocultural em diálogo com a teoria interpretativa de Geertz. Os resultados indicam que os grupos áulicos permitem reorganizar o pensamento fazendo diferença no campo do ensino e aprendizagem, na perspectiva de um espaço que possibilite a diversidade de relações, rompendo com as profecias de fracasso e instaurando um lugar real do aluno nessa relação de construção de conhecimentos. A interlocução entre os pares ocorre no grupo heterogêneo que possibilita que se aprendam conceitos com os diferentes saberes, afinal aprende-se em meio à diversidade.

  7. Enseñando investigación cualitativa en salud: evaluación de un curso de formación en la perspectiva de los alumnos

    OpenAIRE

    Francisco Mercado-Martínez; Luz María Tejada-Tayabas; Elizabeth Alcántara-Hernández; Abel Mercado-Martínez; Irma Xóchitl Fuentes-Uribe; Brenda Trigueros-Becerra

    2008-01-01

    Se implementaron numerosas intervenciones educativas visando la capacitación en pesquisa cualitativa. No obstante son escasos los trabajos que valoran sus procesos o resultados, sobre todo considerando la perspectiva de los participantes. Este estudio valora un curso de especialización en pesquisa cualitativa en salud a partir de la perspectiva de los alumnos. El curso se realizó en cuatro ocasiones, siendo su valuación de tipo cualitativo. Aproximadamente ochenta profesionales de salud y cie...

  8. Contraste pragmalingüístico de las expresiones de disculpa entre el español y el chino

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tzu Yu Liu

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Es bien sabido que nuestra forma de hablar y el uso del lenguaje están estrechamente relacionados con el factor sociocultural. El objetivo principal de este artículo es hacer una comparación de las fórmulas de disculpa más usadas en español y en chino, desde la perspectiva cultural y pragmática. Con ello esclarecemos la influencia sociocultural en la realización del acto de habla de disculpa en español peninsular y el chino de Taiwán. Analizamos las expresiones de disculpa desde el punto de vista de su contexto y de la cortesía, ya que estas fórmulas tienen diferentes funciones en ambos ámbitos. Además comparamos las semejanzas y diferencias de su uso para ilustrar los rasgos específicos de cada sociedad. De este modo, comprobamos que para comunicarnos con interlocutores de diferente cultura, siempre hay que tomar en consideración el factor sociocultural.  

  9. Factores de riesgo del maltrato y abandono infantil desde una perspectiva multicausal

    OpenAIRE

    González-Muriel López, Cristina

    1996-01-01

    RESUMEN: En este artículo se expone la evolución de los diferentes modelos que han tratado de ofrecer una explicación del maltrato y abandono infantil, modelos que en un principio se basaban en una perspectiva unicausal. Actualmente, el maltrato infantil se encuadra en un marco teórico multicausal; desde este enfoque, se proporciona un análisis de aquellos factores ambientales, familiares e individuales, que se consideran importantes en la explicación del maltrato y abandono infantil intrafam...

  10. "Teaching tech" videogames: educators in the global convergence. the taming of the thought through cultural macrospeech and technological convergence

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    Graciela Alicia ESNAOLA HORACEK

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo expondremos reflexiones psicopedagógicas respecto de la mediación de los videojuegos en la construcción del conocimiento, definiéndolos como un macro género artístico emergente incorporado a la cultura másiva. Consideramos que la dimensión lúdica, incluida en los dispositivos tecnológicos móviles de amplio acceso, instala un espacio sociocultural transparente a través de la “convergencia global de prácticas y sentidos”. Desde este pensamiento capturamos la pedagogía que subyace a las prácticas lúdicas de los usuarios sostenidas en el discurso simbólico hegemónico de la cibercultura. Desarrollaremos específicamente el análisis de los componentes intervinientes en la convergencia tecnológica de los recientes artefactos multimediales tomando como caso los videojuegos en los “teléfonos móviles de ultima generación” (tecnologías de tercera generación en telefonía celular: 3G para destacar advertencias educativas que contrastan con la lógica del pensamiento curricular vigente.

  11. Sociocultural Theories, Academic Achievement, and African American Adolescents in a Multicultural Context: A Review of the Cultural Incompatibility Perspective

    Science.gov (United States)

    Whaley, Arthur L.; Noel, La

    2011-01-01

    Some theories have posited that African American youth are academic underachievers because of sociocultural factors. We label this point of view the cultural incompatibility perspective. Ogbu's oppositional culture theory and Steele's stereotype threat theory are selected as popular examples of this viewpoint. A critical review of the literature…

  12. An Investigation of Non-Thesis Master's Program Geography Teacher Candidates' Attitudes towards Teaching Profession regarding Several Socio-Cultural Features

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sezer, Adem; Kara, Hasan; Pinar, Adnan

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to examine the attitudes of non-thesis master's degree program: geography teacher candidates towards teaching profession regarding several socio-cultural features. The study was conducted in different universities with 218 geography teacher candidates enrolled in the geography education non-thesis master's degree…

  13. Teacher Beliefs and the Mediation of Curriculum Innovation in Scotland: A Socio-Cultural Perspective on Professional Development and Change

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wallace, Carolyn S.; Priestley, Mark

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to investigate socio-cultural factors underpinning curriculum change by examining teacher beliefs in the context of professional development. Scottish teachers in the study were participating in policy implementation based on formative assessment. Teachers were selected who were positive about the formative assessment…

  14. BEGOÑA SERRANO LANZAROTE; CAROLINA MATEO CECILIA; ALBERTO RUBIO GARRIDO (ED.: GÉNERO Y POLÍTICA URBANA. ARQUITECTURA Y URBANISMO DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE GÉNERO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inés Novella Abril

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Artículo sobre la publicación "Género y Política Urbana. Arquitectura y Urbanismo con Perspectiva de Género, publicado por el Instituto Valenciano de la Edificación. En la reseña se destaca cómo esta publicación recoge parte de las principales reflexiones y experiencias que la perspectiva de género ha aportado en materia de vivienda y entorno urbano residencial.

  15. A socio-cultural reframing of science and dis/ability in education: past problems, current concerns, and future possibilities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Connor, David J.; Valle, Jan W.

    2015-12-01

    In this article we assert the value of a socio-cultural reframing of science and dis/ability in education. We begin by problematizing current issues in education pertaining to the often-unquestioned concept of dis/ability and the impact that has upon research, theory, practice, and policy. As our topic is broad, we have chosen to focus upon four interconnected areas: (1) the historical mistrust of science and pseudo-science by people with dis/abilities; (2) the pervasive use of pseudo-science within the contemporary field of special education; (3) the use of dis/ability studies in education (DSE) to provide a contrast between a traditional positivist framing and a socio-cultural framing of dis/ability, and; (4) a brief exploration of what a DSE/socio-cultural grounding looks like for both schools and classroom teachers. In sum, our intention is to engage science educators to reject deficit-notions of dis/ability in favor of understanding it as part of human variation, and consider the personal and professional benefits of this shift.

  16. en perspectiva de género

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elena Hernández Corrochano

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Los estudios sobre la familia, desde las diferentes perspectivas que aquí trato, nos muestran no sólo la importancia del parentesco en las relaciones sociales y en la construcción de la identidad de los sujetos, sino que nos indica cómo en sociedades definidas como modernizadas –donde los Estado sólo tienen interés en alcanzar un cambio económico y el acceso a las nuevas tecnologías, olvidándose de las cuestiones sociales, políticas o filosóficas que caracterizan a la modernidad– a mayor individualismo en las acciones de los varones, mayor sujeción de las mujeres al grupo. En estas sociedades la “autorización” que la comunidad da a los hombres para actuar en relación con sus intereses personales, “endurece” la posición de las mujeres que deben, con relación a su bienestar, mantener un orden social comunitario simbolizado por la buena familia y custodiado por una opinión pública que limita su capacidad de actuar como individuos.

  17. Perceptions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Female Athletic Trainers on Motherhood and Work-Life Balance: Individual- and Sociocultural-Level Factors

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mazerolle, Stephanie M.; Eason, Christianne M.

    2015-01-01

    Context A multilevel model of work-life balance (WLB) has been established in the sports management literature to explain interactions among organizational/structural, individual, and sociocultural factors and their effects on individual responses and attitudes toward WLB. These factors influence experiences and outcomes related to WLB. Objective To examine individual and sociocultural factors that may influence perceptions of female athletic trainers (ATs) employed in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I setting, particularly any sex-specific influences. Design Qualitative study. Setting National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I. Patients or Other Participants A total of 27 women (14 single with no children, 6 married with no children, 7 married with children) currently employed as full-time ATs in the Division I setting participated. Data Collection and Analysis Participants responded to a series of open-ended questions via reflective journaling. Data were examined using a general inductive approach. Trustworthiness was established by multiple-analyst triangulation, member interpretive review, and peer review. Results Participants recognized that their sex played a role in assessing WLB and a long-term career as an AT. In addition, they identified various individual- and sociocultural-level factors that affected their perceptions of WLB and attitudes toward a career goal. Conclusions Our data suggested that female ATs may hold traditional sex ideologies of parenting and family roles, which may influence their potential for career longevity. PMID:26067427

  18. The meaning of nervios: a sociocultural analysis of symptom presentation in San Jose, Costa Rica.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Low, S M

    1981-03-01

    The foundation of the symbolic tradition in medical anthropology is the examination of a patient's experience of a category of illness. The interpretation of folk explanations of etiology and nosology provides insight into the cultural definition of what constitutes an illness, how and why an illness is labeled, and how the afflicted individual should be treated. Further, the analysis of sociocultural meaning emerges as a critical theoretical contribution to our understanding of health and culture. Allen Young in his article "Some Implications of Medical Beliefs and Practices for Social Anthropology" suggests " that if we want to learn the social meaning of sickness, we must understand that 'signs,' whatever their genesis, become 'symptoms' because they are expressed, elicited, and perceived in socially acquired ways" (1976: 14). He further states that some categories of sickness are particularly interesting in that they enable people to organize the illness event into an episode that has form and meaning (1976: 19-20). Nervios is an example of a symptom that has acquired a special sociocultural pattern of expression, elicitation and perception in San Jose, Costa Rica. The empirical study of symptom presentation in general medicine and psychiatric outpatient clinics describes the patients who present the symptom and their associated attributes and explanations of the symptom's occurrence. The meaning of nervios is then discussed within a social interactional and symbolic framework.

  19. Khat (Catha edulis: The herb with officio-legal, socio-cultural and economic uncertainty

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sikiru Lamina

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Khat (Catha edulis is a plant of uncertain and highly controversial status grown in the countries around the Red Sea and on the eastern coast of Africa. The chewing of khat leaves has a deep-rooted religious and socio-cultural tradition. Khat is considered a cash crop and its cultivation is a source of economic value to the societies and nations involved. There have, however, been reports of negative economic effects on the individuals engaging in the habit of khat chewing.

    The increasing use of khat worldwide, along with the negative international attention that this has garnered, has led to the present status of uncertainty of the once indigenous practice of khat chewing. Scientists, mostly western Europeans, have tended to focus on problems related to khat with little attention to the positive role of khat chewing in society and the world at large. In addition, no report has directly associated khat with any organised crime, violence or antisocial activity, particularly in countries where khat is legalised.

    This paper reviewed the various areas of uncertainty and controversy relating to khat. Based on the findings of the review, further qualitative and quantitative research is required and a positive international approach to khat use at economic, religious and socio-cultural levels is advocated.

  20. Sociocultural Determinants of Risky Sexual Behaviors among Adult Latinas: A Longitudinal Study of a Community-Based Sample.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rojas, Patria; Huang, Hui; Li, Tan; Ravelo, Gira J; Sanchez, Mariana; Dawson, Christyl; Brook, Judith; Kanamori, Mariano; De La Rosa, Mario

    2016-11-23

    Few studies have examined the sociocultural determinants of risky sexual behavior trajectories among adult Latinas. To longitudinally examine the link between sociocultural determinants of risky sexual behaviors, we followed a sample of adult Latina mother-daughter dyads ( n = 267) across a 10-year span through four waves of data collection. The present study investigates how risky sexual behavior (operationalized as sex under the influence of alcohol or other drugs, sex without a condom, or multiple sex partners) is affected by: (a) socioeconomic conditions; (b) mental health; (c) medical health; (d) acculturation to U.S. culture; (e) interpersonal support; (f) relationship stress; (g) mother-daughter attachment; (h) intimate partner violence; (i) religious involvement; and (j) criminal justice involvement. Results indicate the following factors are negatively associated with risky sexual behavior: drug and alcohol use, treating a physical problem with prescription drugs, religious involvement, and mother-daughter attachment. The following factors are positively associated with risky sexual behavior: higher number of mental health symptoms, being U.S.-born, and criminal justice involvement. We discuss implications for the future development of culturally relevant interventions based on the study findings.