Stratigraphy of the PB-1 well, Nopal I uranium deposit, Sierra Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dobson, P.; Fayek, M.; Goodell, P.; Ghezzehei, T.; Melchor, F.; Murrell, M.; Oliver, R.; Reyes-Cortes, I.A.; de la Garza, R.; Simmons, A.

2008-08-01

The Nopal I site in the Pena Blanca uranium district has a number of geologic and hydrologic similarities to the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, making it a useful analogue to evaluate process models for radionuclide transport. The PB-1 well was drilled in 2003 at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a DOE-sponsored natural analogue study to constrain processes affecting radionuclide transport. The well penetrates through the Tertiary volcanic section down to Cretaceous limestone and intersects the regional aquifer system. The well, drilled along the margin of the Nopal I ore body, was continuously cored to a depth of 250 m, thus providing an opportunity to document the local stratigraphy. Detailed observations of these units were afforded through petrographic description and rock-property measurements of the core, together with geophysical logs of the well. The uppermost unit encountered in the PB-1 well is the Nopal Formation, a densely welded, crystal-rich, rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. This cored section is highly altered and devitrified, with kaolinite, quartz, chlorite, and montmorillonite replacing feldspars and much of the groundmass. Breccia zones within the tuff contain fracture fillings of hematite, limonite, goethite, jarosite, and opal. A zone of intense clay alteration encountered in the depth interval 17.45-22.30 m was interpreted to represent the basal vitrophyre of this unit. Underlying the Nopal Formation is the Coloradas Formation, which consists of a welded lithic-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section of this unit has undergone devitrification and oxidation, and has a similar alteration mineralogy to that observed in the Nopal tuff. A sharp contact between the Coloradas tuff and the underlying Pozos Formation was observed at a depth of 136.38 m. The Pozos Formation consists of poorly sorted conglomerate containing clasts of subangular to subrounded fragments of volcanic rocks, limestone, and chert

Stratigraphy of the PB-1 well, Nopal I uranium deposit, Sierra Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dobson, P.; Fayek, M.; Goodell, P.; Ghezzehei, T.; Melchor, F.; Murrell, M.; Oliver, R.; Reyes-Cortes, I.A.; de la Garza, R.; Simmons, A.

2008-01-01

The Nopal I site in the Pena Blanca uranium district has a number of geologic and hydrologic similarities to the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, making it a useful analogue to evaluate process models for radionuclide transport. The PB-1 well was drilled in 2003 at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a DOE-sponsored natural analogue study to constrain processes affecting radionuclide transport. The well penetrates through the Tertiary volcanic section down to Cretaceous limestone and intersects the regional aquifer system. The well, drilled along the margin of the Nopal I ore body, was continuously cored to a depth of 250 m, thus providing an opportunity to document the local stratigraphy. Detailed observations of these units were afforded through petrographic description and rock-property measurements of the core, together with geophysical logs of the well. The uppermost unit encountered in the PB-1 well is the Nopal Formation, a densely welded, crystal-rich, rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. This cored section is highly altered and devitrified, with kaolinite, quartz, chlorite, and montmorillonite replacing feldspars and much of the groundmass. Breccia zones within the tuff contain fracture fillings of hematite, limonite, goethite, jarosite, and opal. A zone of intense clay alteration encountered in the depth interval 17.45-22.30 m was interpreted to represent the basal vitrophyre of this unit. Underlying the Nopal Formation is the Coloradas Formation, which consists of a welded lithic-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section of this unit has undergone devitrification and oxidation, and has a similar alteration mineralogy to that observed in the Nopal tuff. A sharp contact between the Coloradas tuff and the underlying Pozos Formation was observed at a depth of 136.38 m. The Pozos Formation consists of poorly sorted conglomerate containing clasts of subangular to subrounded fragments of volcanic rocks, limestone, and chert

Deposit of molybdenum associated with uranium in Pena Blanca, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reyes-Cortes, M.

1985-01-01

The uranium-molybdenum deposits are in the Sierra Pena Blanca, 45 km north of the city of Chihuahua. The largest amounts of uranium-molybdenum ore are found in the area of Las Margaritas-Puerto III. The ratio of molybdenum mineralization to uranium is 2:1 in this area and the deposits are distributed at depths of 55-100 m in ignimbritic rocks of the so called Escuadra Formation. This volcanic unit consists of an altered crystalline-lithic ash-flow tuff of Oligocene age. The molybdenum mineral occurs as powellite (CaMoO 4 ) and is found predominantly in two size ranges: phenocrysts 0.1-20 mm in diameter are abundant in the upper part of the deposit, while a material which varies between cryptocrystalline and amorphous predominates in the lower part. This latter material can easily be identified inside the mine by its strong orange fluorescence; it is also easy to recover by leaching. In contrast, the metallurgical process of recovery by leaching of the phenocrystalline portion of the powellite has so far presented problems. Powellite is generally found in association with carnotite, margaritasite and uranophane, and its mineralization consists of disseminated lumps, druses, crustifications and veins; frequently, it partially replaces the phenocrysts of argillized feldspars of the Escuadra Formation. Fractured and brecciated zones with intense oxidation of jarosite, haematite, limonite and goethite sometimes show high U-Mo concentrations; on other occasions the concentration is found with alunite at the contact between the ignimbrite and the layers of argillized vitrophyre. The mineralizations of fluorite, pyrite, jarosite, alunite and opal are indicative of hydrothermal deposition, possibly at low temperature with supergene or geothermal alterations. (author)

Uranium deposits associated to tertiary acid volcanism of the Pena Blanca Sierra (Chihuahua, Mexico)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aniel, B.

1986-12-01

The uraniferous deposits located in the Sierra de Pena Blanca (Chihuahua, Mexico) are the consequence of successive events that modified acid volcanic rocks. The devitrification of the Nopal Formation, vitroclastic tuffs, is esential in the cooling history because it releases uranium that becomes available. The uranium present in fluids as uranylcarbonate complexes, precipitate along the lamellea of hematite (exsolutions of the ilmenites). The presence of sulfur causes the destabilization of the ilmenites with uranium oxide (pitchblende - titanium oxide - pyrite), the pseudomorph of magnetites (pitchblende - pyrite) and the transformation of hematite into pyrite. The silice coming from the kaolinization of feldspars recristallizes as microcristalline quartz so that the rock appears compact. Fractures cause the uplifting of the lower unit of Nopal formation. It has been altered to montmorillonite. A carbonatation of this tuff has been observed and these two types of alteration occur after kaolinization. The Escuadra formation overlies the Nopal formation. The deposition takes place on an eroded basement where a soil developed. The two formations will together undergo transformations due to the saturation level and the primary ore will be only oxidized or oxidized, transported and reconcentrated. Late and localized thermal activities have been observed and may be the result of tectonic movements occurring after the supergene modification [fr

A geologic and geophysic study of the Sierra de Pena Blanca, in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lopez S, F.A.

1976-01-01

Within the sistematic aerial exploration program realized by the Instituto Nacional de Energia Nuclear, an aeroradiometric study was carried out in the zone which includes Sierra de Pena Blanca. This study took into consideration the former and present geological investigations and compromised the sierra together with the bordering valleys. The main objective consists in the localization of areas presenting favorable conditions for the existence of uranium isotopes minerlization, in order to determine a mineralized body or ore deposit. For that purpose the area was explored with an airplane to which a differential gamma rays spectrometer was adapted, this spectrometer will show us clearly the integration of the number of radiations which fall into the detectors obtaining this way a valuable information about the radiometric anomalous sites of the studied zone and also about the existence of bismuth, thallium and the abundant potassium of the igneous rocks. These anomalies are under the stage of ground verification, this stage includes a superficial study and the study of the underlying rocks through drilling, radiometric logs and chemical analysis of the samples. In fact, through this method we can obtain very truthful data. (author)

Geologic studies in the Sierra de Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Reyes-Cortes, Ignacio Alfonso

The Sierra del Cuervo has been endowed with uranium mineralization, which has attracted many geological studies, and recently the author was part of a team with the goal of selecting a site of a radioactive waste repository. The first part of the work adds to the regional framework of stratigraphy and tectonics of the area. It includes the idea of a pull apart basin development, which justifies the local great thickness of the Cuervo Formation. It includes the regional structural frame work and the composite stratigraphic column of the Chihuahua Trough and the equivalent Cretaceous Mexican Sea. The general geologic features of the NE part of the Sierra del Cuervo are described, which include the folded ignimbrites and limestones in that area; the irregular large thicknesses of the Cuervo Formation; and the western vergence of the main folding within the area. Sanidine phenocrystals gave ages of 54.2 Ma and 51.8 Ma ± 2.3 Ma. This is the first time these dates have been reported in print. This age indicates a time before the folded structures which outcrop in the area, and 44 Ma is a date after the Cuervo Formation was folded. The Hidalgoan orogeny cycle affected the rocks between this lapse of time. Since then the area has been partially affected by three tensional overlapped stages, which resulted in the actual Basin and Range physiography. The jarosite related to the tectonic activity mineralization has been dated by the Ar-Ar method and yields an age of 9.8 Ma. This is the first report of a date of mineralization timing at Pena Blanca Uranium District in the Sierra del Cuervo. These are some of the frame work features that justify the allocation of a radioactive waste repository in the Sierra del Cuervo. An alluvial fan system within the Boquilla Colorada microbasin was selected as the best target for more detailed site assessment. The study also included the measurement of the alluvium thicknesses by geoelectric soundings; studies of petrography and weathered

PHASE ANALYSES OF URANIUM BEARING MINERALS FROM THE HIGH GRADE ORE, NOPAL I, PENA BLANCA, MEXICO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ren, M.; Goodell, P.; Kelts, A.; Anthony, E.Y.; Fayek, M.; Fan, C.; Beshears, C.

2005-01-01

The Nopal I uranium deposit is located in the Pena Blanca district, approximately 40 miles north of Chihuahua City, Mexico. The deposit was formed by hydrothermal processes within the fracture zone of welded silicic volcanic tuff. The ages of volcanic formations are between 35 to 44 m.y. and there was secondary silicification of most of the formations. After the formation of at least part of the uranium deposit, the ore body was uplifted above the water table and is presently exposed at the surface. Detailed petrographic characterization, electron microprobe backscatter electron (BSE) imagery, and selected x-ray maps for the samples from Nopal I high-grade ore document different uranium phases in the ore. There are at least two stages of uranium precipitation. A small amount of uraninite is encapsulated in silica. Hexavalent uranium may also have been a primary precipitant. The uranium phases were precipitated along cleavages of feldspars, and along fractures in the tuff. Energy dispersive spectrometer data and x-ray maps suggest that the major uranium phases are uranophane and weeksite. Substitutions of Ca and K occur in both phases, implying that conditions were variable during the mineralization/alteration process, and that compositions of the original minerals have a major influence on later stage alteration. Continued study is needed to fully characterize uranium behavior in these semi-arid to arid conditions

PHASE ANALYSES OF URANIUM-BEARING MINERALS FROM THE HIGH GRADE ORE, NOPAL I, PENA BLANCA, MEXICO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

M. Ren; P. Goodell; A. Kelts; E.Y. Anthony; M. Fayek; C. Fan; C. Beshears

2005-07-11

The Nopal I uranium deposit is located in the Pena Blanca district, approximately 40 miles north of Chihuahua City, Mexico. The deposit was formed by hydrothermal processes within the fracture zone of welded silicic volcanic tuff. The ages of volcanic formations are between 35 to 44 m.y. and there was secondary silicification of most of the formations. After the formation of at least part of the uranium deposit, the ore body was uplifted above the water table and is presently exposed at the surface. Detailed petrographic characterization, electron microprobe backscatter electron (BSE) imagery, and selected x-ray maps for the samples from Nopal I high-grade ore document different uranium phases in the ore. There are at least two stages of uranium precipitation. A small amount of uraninite is encapsulated in silica. Hexavalent uranium may also have been a primary precipitant. The uranium phases were precipitated along cleavages of feldspars, and along fractures in the tuff. Energy dispersive spectrometer data and x-ray maps suggest that the major uranium phases are uranophane and weeksite. Substitutions of Ca and K occur in both phases, implying that conditions were variable during the mineralization/alteration process, and that compositions of the original minerals have a major influence on later stage alteration. Continued study is needed to fully characterize uranium behavior in these semi-arid to arid conditions.

The Sierra Pena Blanca (Mexico) and the Meseta Los Frailes (Bolivia): the uranium concentration mechanisms in volcanic environment during hydrothermal processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leroy, J.L.; Aniel, B.; Poty, B.

1987-01-01

Tertiary felsic volcanics of the Sierra Pena Blanca in Mexico host potentially economic uranium deposits, and of Meseta Los Frailes in Bolivia contain interesting U anomalies but no significant deposits. A comparative study of the two uranium districts reveals differences that may explain the different degrees of U concentration. The host ignimbrite in Mexico, namely the Nopal Formation dated at 44 Myr. ago, is potassic alkaline rhyolite which is poorly compacted and contains phenocrysts of quartz, orthoclase, ilmenite and magnetite, totalling 30% of the rock. Vapour phase crystallization is well developed in the Mexican tuff, and has led to a primary concentration of labile U not tied up in refractory accessory minerals, as shown by fission-track studies. The Bolivian tuffs lack such vapour phase primary concentration of U. Subsequent hydrothermal alteration, in particular kaolinization is intense in the Mexican district, but is relatively less intense in the Bolivian one. It is postulated that an intense hydrothermal activity, probably of prolonged duration, in rocks displaying primary enrichment of labile U, is essential to form volcanogenic U deposits of the type found in Mexico. 26 refs.; 13 figs.; 3 plates; 3 tabs

Increased Concentrations of Short-Lived Decay-Series Radionuclides in Groundwaters Underneath the Nopal I Uranium Deposit at Pena Blanca, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, S.; Ku, T.; Todd, V.; Murrell, M. T.; Dinsmoor, J. C.

2007-05-01

The Nopal I uranium ore deposit at Pena Blanca, Mexico, located at > 200 meters above the groundwater table, provides an ideal natural analog for quantifying the effectiveness of geological barrier for isolation of radioactive waste nuclides from reaching the human environments through ground water transport. To fulfill such natural analog studies, three wells (PB1, PB2, and PB3 respectively) were drilled at the site from the land surface down to the saturated groundwater zone and ground waters were collected from each of these wells through large- volume sampling/in-situ Mn-filter filtration for analyses of short-lived uranium/thorium-series radionuclides. Our measurements from PB1 show that the groundwater standing in the hole has much lower 222Rn activity than the freshly pumped groundwater. From this change in 222Rn activity, we estimate the residence time of groundwater in PB1 to be about 20 days. Our measurements also show that the activities of short-lived radioisotopes of Th (234Th), Ra (228Ra, 224Ra, 223Ra), Rn (222Rn), Pb (210Pb), and Po (210Po) in PB1, PB2, and PB3 are all significantly higher than those from the other wells near the Nopal I site. These high activities provide evidence for the enrichment of long-lived U and Ra isotopes in the groundwater as well as in the associated adsorbed phases on the fractured aquifer rocks underneath the ore deposit. Such enrichment suggests a rapid dissolution of U and Ra isotopes from the uranium ore deposit in the vadose zone and the subsequent migration to the groundwater underneath. A reactive transport model can be established to characterize the in-situ transport of radionuclides at the site. The observed change of 222Rn activity at PB1 also suggests that the measured high radioactivityies in ground waters from the site isare not an artifact of drilling operations. However, further studies are needed to assess if or to what extent the radionuclide migration is affected by the previous mining activities at

Pena Blanca Natural Analogue Project: Summary of activities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levy, S.; Goldstein, S.; Dobson, P.F.; Goodell, P.; Ku, T.-L.; Abdel-Fattah, A.; Saulnier, G.; Fayek, M.; de la Garza, R.

2011-01-01

The inactive Nopal I uranium mine in silicic tuff north of Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, Mexico, was studied as a natural analogue for an underground nuclear-waste repository in the unsaturated zone. Site stratigraphy was confirmed from new drill cores. Data from site studies include chemical and isotopic compositions of saturated- and unsaturated-zone waters. A partial geochronology of uranium enrichment and mineralization was established. Evidence pertinent to uranium-series transport in the soil zone and changing redox conditions was collected. The investigations contributed to preliminary, scoping-level performance assessment modeling.

Pena Blanca Natural Analogue Project: Summary of activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levy, S.; Goldstein, S.; Dobson, P.F.; Goodell, P.; Ku, T.-L.; Abdel-Fattah, A.; Saulnier, G.; Fayek, M.; de la Garza, R.

2011-02-01

The inactive Nopal I uranium mine in silicic tuff north of Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, Mexico, was studied as a natural analogue for an underground nuclear-waste repository in the unsaturated zone. Site stratigraphy was confirmed from new drill cores. Data from site studies include chemical and isotopic compositions of saturated- and unsaturated-zone waters. A partial geochronology of uranium enrichment and mineralization was established. Evidence pertinent to uranium-series transport in the soil zone and changing redox conditions was collected. The investigations contributed to preliminary, scoping-level performance assessment modeling.

Pena blanca natural analogue project: summary of activities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Levy, Schon S.; Goldstein, Steven J.; Abdel-Fattah, Amr I.

2010-01-01

The inactive Nopal I uranium mine in silicic tuff north of Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, Mexico, was studied as a natural analogue for an underground nuclear-waste repository in the unsaturated zone. Site stratigraphy was confirmed from new drill core. Datafrom site studies include chemical and isotopic compositions of saturated- and unsaturated-zone waters. A partial geochronology of uranium enrichment and mineralization was established. Evidence pertinent to uranium-series transport in the soil zone and changing redox conditions was collected. The investigations contributed to preliminary, scoping-level performance assessment modeling.

Pena blanca natural analogue project: summary of activities

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levy, Schon S [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Goldstein, Steven J [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Abdel - Fattah, Amr I [Los Alamos National Laboratory

2010-12-08

The inactive Nopal I uranium mine in silicic tuff north of Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, Mexico, was studied as a natural analogue for an underground nuclear-waste repository in the unsaturated zone. Site stratigraphy was confirmed from new drill core. Datafrom site studies include chemical and isotopic compositions of saturated- and unsaturated-zone waters. A partial geochronology of uranium enrichment and mineralization was established. Evidence pertinent to uranium-series transport in the soil zone and changing redox conditions was collected. The investigations contributed to preliminary, scoping-level performance assessment modeling.

Geochronology and Fluid-Rock Interaction Associated with the Nopal I Uranium Deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

M. Fayek; P. Goodell; M. Ren; A. Simmons

2005-07-11

The Nopal I uranium (U) deposit, Pena Blanca District, Mexico, largely consists of secondary U{sup 6+} minerals, which occur within a breccia pipe mainly hosted by the 44 Ma Nopal and Colorados volcanic formations. These two units overly the Pozos conglomerate formation and Cretaceous limestone. Three new vertical diamond drill holes (DDHs) were recently drilled at Nopal I. DDH-PB1 with continuous core was drilled through the Nopal I deposit and two additional DDHs were drilled {approx}50 m on either side of the cored hole. These DDHs terminate 20 m below the current water table, thus allowing the detection of possible gradients in radionuclide contents resulting from transport from the overlying uranium deposit. Primary uraninite within the main ore body is rare and fine-grained ({approx}50 micrometers), thus making geochronology of the Nopal I deposit very difficult. Uranium, lead and oxygen isotopes can be used to study fluid-uraninite interaction, provided that the analyses are obtained on the micro-scale. Secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) permits in situ measurement of isotopic ratios with a spatial resolution on the scale of a few {micro}m. Preliminary U-Pb results show that uraninite from the main ore body gives an age of 32 {+-} 8 Ma, whereas uraninite from the uraniferous Pozos conglomerate that lies nearly 100 m below the main ore body and 25 meters above the water table, gives a U-Pb age that is <1 Ma. Oxygen isotopic analyses show that uraninite from the ore body has a {delta}{sup 18}O = -10.8{per_thousand}, whereas the uraninite within the Pozos conglomerate has a {delta}{sup 18}O = +1.5{per_thousand}. If it is assumed that both uraninites precipitated from meteoric water ({delta}{sup 18}O = -7{per_thousand}), then calculated precipitation temperatures are 55 C for the uraninite from the ore body and 20 C for uraninite hosted by the Pozos conglomerate. These temperatures are consistent with previous studies that calculated precipitation

Geochronology and Fluid-Rock Interaction Associated with the Nopal I Uranium Deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fayek, M.; Goodell, P.; Ren, M.; Simmons, A.

2005-01-01

The Nopal I uranium (U) deposit, Pena Blanca District, Mexico, largely consists of secondary U 6+ minerals, which occur within a breccia pipe mainly hosted by the 44 Ma Nopal and Colorados volcanic formations. These two units overly the Pozos conglomerate formation and Cretaceous limestone. Three new vertical diamond drill holes (DDHs) were recently drilled at Nopal I. DDH-PB1 with continuous core was drilled through the Nopal I deposit and two additional DDHs were drilled ∼50 m on either side of the cored hole. These DDHs terminate 20 m below the current water table, thus allowing the detection of possible gradients in radionuclide contents resulting from transport from the overlying uranium deposit. Primary uraninite within the main ore body is rare and fine-grained (∼50 micrometers), thus making geochronology of the Nopal I deposit very difficult. Uranium, lead and oxygen isotopes can be used to study fluid-uraninite interaction, provided that the analyses are obtained on the micro-scale. Secondary ionization mass spectrometry (SIMS) permits in situ measurement of isotopic ratios with a spatial resolution on the scale of a few (micro)m. Preliminary U-Pb results show that uraninite from the main ore body gives an age of 32 ± 8 Ma, whereas uraninite from the uraniferous Pozos conglomerate that lies nearly 100 m below the main ore body and 25 meters above the water table, gives a U-Pb age that is 18 O = -10.8(per t housand), whereas the uraninite within the Pozos conglomerate has a (delta) 18 O = +1.5(per t housand). If it is assumed that both uraninites precipitated from meteoric water ((delta) 18 O = -7(per t housand)), then calculated precipitation temperatures are 55 C for the uraninite from the ore body and 20 C for uraninite hosted by the Pozos conglomerate. These temperatures are consistent with previous studies that calculated precipitation temperatures for clay minerals associated with uraninite

Modeling non-steady state radioisotope transport in the vadose zone--A case study using uranium isotopes at Pena Blanca, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ku, T.L.; Luo, S.; Goldstein, S.J.; Murrell, M.T.; Chu, W.L.; Dobson, P.F.

2009-01-01

Current models using U- and Th-series disequilibria to study radioisotope transport in groundwater systems mostly consider a steady-state situation. These models have limited applicability to the vadose zone (UZ) where the concentration and migratory behavior of radioisotopes in fluid are often transitory. We present here, as a first attempt of its kind, a model simulating the non-steady state, intermittent fluid transport in vadose layers. It provides quantitative constraints on in-situ migration of dissolved and colloidal radioisotopes in terms of retardation factor and rock-water interaction (or water transit) time. For uranium, the simulation predicts that intermittent flushing in the UZ leads to a linear relationship between reciprocal U concentration and 234 U/ 238 U ratio in percolating waters, with the intercept and slope bearing information on the rates of dissolution and α-recoil of U isotopes, respectively. The general validity of the model appears to be borne out by the measurement of uranium isotopes in UZ waters collected at various times over a period during 1995-2006 from a site in the Pena Blanca mining district, Mexico, where the Nopal I uranium deposit is located. Enhanced 234 U/ 238 U ratios in vadose-zone waters resulting from lengthened non-flushing time as prescribed by the model provide an interpretative basis for using 234 U/ 238 U in cave calcites to reconstruct the regional changes in hydrology and climate. We also provide a theoretical account of the model's potential applications using radium isotopes.

Modeling non-steady state radioisotope transport in the vadose zone--A case study using uranium isotopes at Pena Blanca, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ku, T. L.; Luo, S.; Goldstein, S. J.; Murrell, M. T.; Chu, W. L.; Dobson, P. F.

2009-06-01

Current models using U- and Th-series disequilibria to study radioisotope transport in groundwater systems mostly consider a steady-state situation. These models have limited applicability to the vadose zone (UZ) where the concentration and migratory behavior of radioisotopes in fluid are often transitory. We present here, as a first attempt of its kind, a model simulating the non-steady state, intermittent fluid transport in vadose layers. It provides quantitative constraints on in-situ migration of dissolved and colloidal radioisotopes in terms of retardation factor and rock-water interaction (or water transit) time. For uranium, the simulation predicts that intermittent flushing in the UZ leads to a linear relationship between reciprocal U concentration and {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U ratio in percolating waters, with the intercept and slope bearing information on the rates of dissolution and {alpha}-recoil of U isotopes, respectively. The general validity of the model appears to be borne out by the measurement of uranium isotopes in UZ waters collected at various times over a period during 1995-2006 from a site in the Pena Blanca mining district, Mexico, where the Nopal I uranium deposit is located. Enhanced {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U ratios in vadose-zone waters resulting from lengthened non-flushing time as prescribed by the model provide an interpretative basis for using {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U in cave calcites to reconstruct the regional changes in hydrology and climate. We also provide a theoretical account of the model's potential applications using radium isotopes.

Final report of the Peña Blanca natural analogue project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Levy, Schön S. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Goldstein, Steven Joel [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Abdel-Fattah, Amr I. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Amato, Ronald S. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Anthony, Elizabeth [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Cook, Paul [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Dobson, Patrick F. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Fayek, Mostafa [Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg (Canada); French, Diana [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Garza, Rodrigo de [Univ. Autonoma de Chihuahua (Mexico); Ghezzehei, Teamrat [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Goodell, Philip C. [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Harder, Steven H. [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Ku, Teh-Lung [Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Luo, Shangde [Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (United States); Murrell, Michael Tildon [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Norman, Deborah E. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Nunn, Andrew J. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Oliver, Ronald [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Pekar-Carpenter, Katrina [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Rearick, Michael Sean [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Ren, Minghua [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States); Reyes-Cortes, Ignacio [Univ. Autonoma de Chihuahua (Mexico); Pineda, Jose Alfredo [El Instituto de Ecologia (INECOL) (Mexico); Saulnier, George [AREVA Federal Services LLC, Charlotte, NC (United States); Tarimala, Sowmitri [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Walton, John [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States)

2016-10-04

The Peña Blanca region, 50 km north of Chihuahua City, Chihuahua, México, was a target of uranium exploration and mining by the Mexican government. After mining ceased in 1981, researchers became interested in this region as a study area for subsurface uranium migration with relevance to geologic disposal of nuclear waste. Many studies related to this concept were conducted at the Nopal I mine site located on a cuesta (hill) of the Sierra Peña Blanca. This site has geologic, tectonic, hydrologic, and geochemical similarities to Yucca Mountain, Nevada, a formerly proposed site for a high-level nuclear-waste repository in the unsaturated zone. The U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE), Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management (OCRWM), sponsored studies at Nopal I in the 1990s and supported the drilling of three research wells – PB1, PB2, and PB3 – at the site in 2003. Beginning in 2004, the Peña Blanca Natural Analogue Project was undertaken by U.S. DOE, OCRWM to develop a three-dimensional conceptual model of the transport of uranium and its radiogenic daughter products at the Nopal I site.

Modeling of U-series Radionuclide Transport Through Soil at Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Pekar, K. E.; Goodell, P. C.; Walton, J. C.; Anthony, E. Y.; Ren, M.

2007-05-01

The Nopal I uranium deposit is located at Pena Blanca in Chihuahua, Mexico. Mining of high-grade uranium ore occurred in the early 1980s, with the ore stockpiled nearby. The stockpile was mostly cleared in the 1990s; however, some of the high-grade boulders have remained there, creating localized sources of radioactivity for a period of 25-30 years. This provides a unique opportunity to study radionuclide transport, because the study area did not have any uranium contamination predating the stockpile in the 1980s. One high-grade boulder was selected for study based upon its shape, location, and high activity. The presumed drip-line off of the boulder was marked, samples from the boulder surface were taken, and then the boulder was moved several feet away. Soil samples were taken from directly beneath the boulder, around the drip-line, and down slope. Eight of these samples were collected in a vertical profile directly beneath the boulder. Visible flakes of boulder material were removed from the surficial soil samples, because they would have higher concentrations of U-series radionuclides and cause the activities in the soil samples to be excessively high. The vertical sampling profile used 2-inch thicknesses for each sample. The soil samples were packaged into thin plastic containers to minimize the attenuation and to standardize sample geometry, and then they were analyzed by gamma-ray spectroscopy with a Ge(Li) detector for Th-234, Pa-234, U-234, Th-230, Ra-226, Pb-214, Bi-214, and Pb-210. The raw counts were corrected for self-attenuation and normalized using BL-5, a uranium standard from Beaverlodge, Saskatchewan. BL-5 allowed the counts obtained on the Ge(Li) to be referenced to a known concentration or activity, which was then applied to the soil unknowns for a reliable calculation of their concentrations. Gamma ray spectra of five soil samples from the vertical profile exhibit decreasing activities with increasing depth for the selected radionuclides

IN-SITU RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT NEAR THE NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT AT PENA BLANCA, MEXICO: CONSTRAINTS FROM SHORT-LIVED DECAY-SERIES RADIONUCLIDES

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo, S.; Ku, T.L.; Todd, V.; Murrell, M.; Pineda, J. Alfredo Rodriguez; Dinsmoor, J.; Mitchell, A.

2005-01-01

For nuclear waste management, an important mechanism by which radioactive waste components are isolated from returning to the human environment, the biosphere, is by the geological barrier in which the effectiveness of the barrier is characterized by in-situ retardation factor, i.e., the transport rate of a radionuclide relative to that of groundwater. As part of natural analog studies of the Yucca Mountain Project of the U. S. Department of Energy, we propose such characterization by using naturally-occurring decay-series radioisotopes as an analog. We collected large-volume (>1000 liters) groundwater samples from three wells (PB, Pozos, and PB4, respectively) near the Nopal I Uranium Ore site at Pena Blanca, Mexico, by using an in-situ Mn-cartridge filtration technique for analysis of short-lived decay-series radionuclides. Results show that the activities of short-lived radioisotopes ( 228 Ra, 224 Ra and 223 Ra) and activity ratios of 224 Ra/ 228 Ra and 224 Ra/ 223 Ra are higher at PB and Pozos than at PB4. In contrast, the 210 Po activity is much lower at PB and Pozos than at PB4. The high Ra activities and activities ratios at PB and Pozos are attributable to the high alpha-recoil input from the aquifer rocks, while the high 210 Po activity at PB4 is due to the enhanced colloidal transport. Based on a uranium-series transport model, we estimate that the in-situ retardation factor of Ra is (0.43 ± 0.02) x 10 3 at PB, (1.68 ± 0.08) x 10 3 at Pozos, and (1.19 ± 0.08) x 10 3 at PB4 and that the mean fracture width in the aquifer rocks is about 0.23 (micro)m at PB, 0.37 (micro)m at Posos, and 4.0 (micro)m at PB4, respectively. The large fracture width at PB4 as derived from the model provides an additional evidence to the inference from the Po measurements that particle-reactive radionuclides are transported mainly as colloidal forms through the large fractures in rocks. Our model also suggests that in addition to alpha recoil, decay of 226 Ra from the adsorbed

Alternate source term models for Yucca Mountain performance assessment based on natural analog data and secondary mineral solubility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murphy, W.M.; Codell, R.B.

1999-01-01

Performance assessment calculations for the proposed high level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were conducted using the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Total-System Performance Assessment (TPA 3.2) code to test conceptual models and parameter values for the source term based on data from the Pena Blanca, Mexico, natural analog site and based on a model for coprecipitation and solubility of secondary schoepite. In previous studies the value for the maximum constant oxidative alteration rate of uraninite at the Nopal I uranium body at Pena Blanca was estimated. Scaling this rate to the mass of uranium for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository yields an oxidative alteration rate of 22 kg/y, which was assumed to be an upper limit on the release rate from the proposed repository. A second model was developed assuming releases of radionuclides are based on the solubility of secondary schoepite as a function of temperature and solution chemistry. Releases of uranium are given by the product of uranium concentrations at equilibrium with schoepite and the flow of water through the waste packages. For both models, radionuclides other than uranium and those in the cladding and gap fraction were modeled to be released at a rate proportional to the uranium release rate, with additional elemental solubility limits applied. Performance assessment results using the Pena Blanca oxidation rate and schoepite solubility models for Yucca Mountain were compared to the TPA 3.2 base case model, in which release was based on laboratory studies of spent fuel dissolution, cladding and gap release, and solubility limits. Doses calculated using the release rate based on natural analog data and the schoepite solubility models were smaller than doses generated using the base case model. These results provide a degree of confidence in safety predictions using the base case model and an indication of how conservatism in the base case model may be reduced in future analyses

Alternate source term models for Yucca Mountain performance assessment based on natural analog data and secondary mineral solubility

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murphy, W.M.; Codell, R.B.

1999-07-01

Performance assessment calculations for the proposed high level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, were conducted using the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Total-System Performance Assessment (TPA 3.2) code to test conceptual models and parameter values for the source term based on data from the Pena Blanca, Mexico, natural analog site and based on a model for coprecipitation and solubility of secondary schoepite. In previous studies the value for the maximum constant oxidative alteration rate of uraninite at the Nopal I uranium body at Pena Blanca was estimated. Scaling this rate to the mass of uranium for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository yields an oxidative alteration rate of 22 kg/y, which was assumed to be an upper limit on the release rate from the proposed repository. A second model was developed assuming releases of radionuclides are based on the solubility of secondary schoepite as a function of temperature and solution chemistry. Releases of uranium are given by the product of uranium concentrations at equilibrium with schoepite and the flow of water through the waste packages. For both models, radionuclides other than uranium and those in the cladding and gap fraction were modeled to be released at a rate proportional to the uranium release rate, with additional elemental solubility limits applied. Performance assessment results using the Pena Blanca oxidation rate and schoepite solubility models for Yucca Mountain were compared to the TPA 3.2 base case model, in which release was based on laboratory studies of spent fuel dissolution, cladding and gap release, and solubility limits. Doses calculated using the release rate based on natural analog data and the schoepite solubility models were smaller than doses generated using the base case model. These results provide a degree of confidence in safety predictions using the base case model and an indication of how conservatism in the base case model may be reduced in future analyses.

IN-SITU RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT NEAR THE NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT AT PENA BLANCA, MEXICO: CONSTRAINTS FROM SHORT-LIVED DECAY-SERIES RADIONUCLIDES

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

S. Luo; T.L. Ku; V. Todd; M. Murrell; J. Alfredo Rodriguez Pineda; J. Dinsmoor; A. Mitchell

2005-07-11

For nuclear waste management, an important mechanism by which radioactive waste components are isolated from returning to the human environment, the biosphere, is by the geological barrier in which the effectiveness of the barrier is characterized by in-situ retardation factor, i.e., the transport rate of a radionuclide relative to that of groundwater. As part of natural analog studies of the Yucca Mountain Project of the U. S. Department of Energy, we propose such characterization by using naturally-occurring decay-series radioisotopes as an analog. We collected large-volume (>1000 liters) groundwater samples from three wells (PB, Pozos, and PB4, respectively) near the Nopal I Uranium Ore site at Pena Blanca, Mexico, by using an in-situ Mn-cartridge filtration technique for analysis of short-lived decay-series radionuclides. Results show that the activities of short-lived radioisotopes ({sup 228}Ra, {sup 224}Ra and {sup 223}Ra) and activity ratios of {sup 224}Ra/{sup 228}Ra and {sup 224}Ra/{sup 223}Ra are higher at PB and Pozos than at PB4. In contrast, the {sup 210}Po activity is much lower at PB and Pozos than at PB4. The high Ra activities and activities ratios at PB and Pozos are attributable to the high alpha-recoil input from the aquifer rocks, while the high {sup 210}Po activity at PB4 is due to the enhanced colloidal transport. Based on a uranium-series transport model, we estimate that the in-situ retardation factor of Ra is (0.43 {+-} 0.02) x 10{sup 3} at PB, (1.68 {+-} 0.08) x 10{sup 3} at Pozos, and (1.19 {+-} 0.08) x 10{sup 3} at PB4 and that the mean fracture width in the aquifer rocks is about 0.23 {micro}m at PB, 0.37 {micro}m at Posos, and 4.0 {micro}m at PB4, respectively. The large fracture width at PB4 as derived from the model provides an additional evidence to the inference from the Po measurements that particle-reactive radionuclides are transported mainly as colloidal forms through the large fractures in rocks. Our model also suggests that

Pena de muerte: una pena cruel e inhumana y no especialmente disuasoria

OpenAIRE

Arroyo, Luis

2014-01-01

En 2007 la Asamblea General de la ONU adoptó la Resolución 62/149, en la que se reclamaba una moratoria de las ejecuciones en todo el mundo para el año 2015, reafirmando así el compromiso de la organización internacional con la abolición de la pena de muerte e impulsando el debate en torno a ella. Este libro es una nueva contribución de la Red Académica Internacional contra la pena de muerte a este debate, que se dedica especialmene a la Comisión Internacional contra la pena de muerte y a su ...

Natural analogs for Yucca Mountain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murphy, W.M.

1995-01-01

High-level radioactive waste in the US, spent fuels from commercial reactors and nuclear materials generated by defense activities, will remain potentially hazardous for thousands of years. Demonstrable long-term stability of certain geologic and geochemical systems motivates and sustains the concept that high-level waste can be safely isolated in geologic repositories for requisite periods of time. Each geologic repository is unique in its properties and performance with reguard to isolation of nuclear wastes. Studies of processes analogous to waste-form alteration and radioelement transport in environments analogous to Yucca Mountain are being conducted at two sites, described in this article to illustrate uses of natural analog data: the Nopal I uranium deposit in the Sierra Pena Blanca, Mexico, and the Akrotiri archaeological site on the island of Santorini, Greece

Aspects of radiological safety and protection in the decontamination of the Benefit plant of uranium in Ciudad Aldama and in the storage of its residues in Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico; Aspectos de seguridad y proteccion radiologica en la descontaminacion de la planta de beneficio de uranio en Ciudad Aldama y en el almacenamiento de sus residuos en Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ruiz C, M A [Facultad de Quimica, UNAM (Mexico)

1998-07-01

Between 1969 and 1971 the National Commission of Nuclear Energy and the Mining Fostering Commission operated coordinately a production plant of uranium and molybdenum concentrates (Benefit plant) at Ciudad Aldama, Chihuahua, Mexico. During two years of operation some 45 tonnes of uranium concentrate and approximately 35,000 tonnes of uranium wetlands were produced. These last were stored in a dam to 120 m. toward West of the plant. Due to the nearness of the population with respect to what was the Benefit plant and over all to the wetland dam, the objective of this work had two main aspects: On the one hand, to carry out the works of radiological decontamination of the benefit plant of uranium, according to the established normative by the Regulatory organization in matter of radiological safety and protection (CNSNS) for the population and the hard workers. After that the works mentioned were realized it was considered that the estate which comprises what was the Benefit plant did not reach the established criteria by the CNSNS for being considered of unrestricted use such estate and it was not allowed any type of construction in the zone which could be showed the residual contamination which remains there. On the other hand, to determine the site where could be stored the radioactive wastes generated by the radiological decontamination and the wetland mobilization for its definitive storage in benefit of the present population and of the future generations due to the radionuclides which are in a such material. The site more adequate technical and economically to storage the wastes generated by this activity was evaluated. Whereby studies about demography, use of soil and water, meteorology, hydrology and ecology were realized. The site selected being in the Pena Blanca mountains, Chihuahua, place where is located one of the uranium zones and the most important of the country. In this work, specific objectives also were treated such as: knowing the radiological

Aspects of radiological safety and protection in the decontamination of the Benefit plant of uranium in Ciudad Aldama and in the storage of its residues in Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruiz C, M.A.

1998-01-01

Between 1969 and 1971 the National Commission of Nuclear Energy and the Mining Fostering Commission operated coordinately a production plant of uranium and molybdenum concentrates (Benefit plant) at Ciudad Aldama, Chihuahua, Mexico. During two years of operation some 45 tonnes of uranium concentrate and approximately 35,000 tonnes of uranium wetlands were produced. These last were stored in a dam to 120 m. toward West of the plant. Due to the nearness of the population with respect to what was the Benefit plant and over all to the wetland dam, the objective of this work had two main aspects: On the one hand, to carry out the works of radiological decontamination of the benefit plant of uranium, according to the established normative by the Regulatory organization in matter of radiological safety and protection (CNSNS) for the population and the hard workers. After that the works mentioned were realized it was considered that the estate which comprises what was the Benefit plant did not reach the established criteria by the CNSNS for being considered of unrestricted use such estate and it was not allowed any type of construction in the zone which could be showed the residual contamination which remains there. On the other hand, to determine the site where could be stored the radioactive wastes generated by the radiological decontamination and the wetland mobilization for its definitive storage in benefit of the present population and of the future generations due to the radionuclides which are in a such material. The site more adequate technical and economically to storage the wastes generated by this activity was evaluated. Whereby studies about demography, use of soil and water, meteorology, hydrology and ecology were realized. The site selected being in the Pena Blanca mountains, Chihuahua, place where is located one of the uranium zones and the most important of the country. In this work, specific objectives also were treated such as: knowing the radiological

La pena de muerte/The death penalty

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo López Bentacourt (México

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La pena de muerte debe aplicarse debido a múltiples ventajas, argumentos que los abolicionistas se han esmerado en pasar por alto. Es urgente llevar a cabo esta sanción ya que los entes cancerígenos de la sociedad deben ser erradicados para que los problemas sociales no se sigan expandiendo. Sin embargo esta pena debe aplicarse bajo ciertos criterios, es decir en casos extremos y siempre y cuando las autoridades y órganos policíacos hayan desaparecido. La pena de muerte representa el más elemental derecho de legítima defensa social. The death penalty should be applied due to many advantages, arguments that abolitionists have tried to ignore. It is urgent to carry out this punishment since carcinogenic entities of the society must be eradicated, so that social problems have not continue expanding. However this penalty should apply under certain criteria, i.e. in extreme cases and provided the authorities and police bodies have disappeared. The death penalty represents the most basic right of legitimate social defence.

QUESTÕES SOBRE A PENA DE MORTE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SOUSA, L.N.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Pelo menos, desde o Código de Hamurabi as punições para atos desviantes tem sido um foco de reflexão. Este trabalho encerra essa reflexão acerca de aspectos em torno do tema pena de morte. Além de feito político contra o crime, também seria um ato com fins vingativos, fundamentado na violação da dignidade humana, o que justifica a necessidade de haver uma rigorosa análise sobre tal questão, visando os argumentos lógicos, baseados na realidade social brasileira. Alguns estudos demonstram que a percepção da classe menos favorecida é que já existe, de certa forma, uma pena de morte informal no Brasil, praticada pela polícia ou grupos de extermínio. No entanto, diversos setores defendem a pena de morte em nome dos direitos humanos. O debate sobre o referido tema não deve limitar-se às questões relacionadas ao desenvolvimento moral individual, antes deve incluir também a análise de fatores históricos, culturais, econômicos, políticos e ideológicos. Este estudo tem como objetivo coletar dados bibliográficos, bem como dados sobre as opiniões que as pessoas em Campos dos Goytacazes têm sobre a pena de morte. A pesquisa feita é de caráter exploratório. Utilizaram-se as metodologias pertinentes a uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Foi realizada com moradores da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, especificamente com 40 jovens e adultos, de gênero masculino e feminino, com idades entre 18 e 48 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres. A coleta de dados foi feita através de questionários fechados, do tipo likert. Cerca de 48% da amostra concorda com a sentença pena de morte. As respostas quanto a não ter opinião formada sobre o assunto foram minoria, somando 20% ao todo, restando 32% de sujeitos que declararam ser contrários. Metade dos sujeitos não concordou que a sentença seria aplicada corretamente no Brasil. A minoria concordou que a lei teria uma aplicabilidade positiva no país. Aproximadamente 43% dos sujeitos pesquisados

Proporcionalidad, pena y principio de legalidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Patricia Arias Holguín

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo general de la investigación, cuyos resultados se presentan aquí, consistió en analizar los fundamentos legales y las implicaciones que tiene la aplicación del principio de proporcionalidad en la imposición judicial de la pena. La metodología empleada supuso agotar los siguientes pasos: se partió de la tesis doctoral "Principio de proporcionalidad y ley penal", realizada por Lopera Mesa (2006, en la que se explora la posibilidad de emplear tal principio en el control constitucional abstracto de las normas penales. Para determinar el fundamento constitucional y legal, que habilita en Colombia el uso del principio de proporcionalidad en el caso concreto, se emplearon fuentes documentales: doctrina, normas y jurisprudencia. Se elaboraron algunos casos para evaluar la proporcionalidad en la determinación de la pena, estableciendo así las implicaciones y los límites de tal tarea. La conclusión principal es: los jueces tienen la obligación constitucional y legal (artículos 3, 13 y 59 del Código Penal, en adelante CP de apartarse de las leyes relativas a la pena cuando de ellas se deriva una afectación desproporcionada de los derechos fundamentales.

La España de Rosas Blancas = The Spain of Rosas Blancas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Óscar Gual Boronat

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Mediante la lectura del cuaderno femenino español Rosas blancas, publicado por la editorial Toray entre 1958 y 1965, tratamos de estudiar la capacidad del cómic para reflejar el papel de la mujer durante una de las etapas clave de la dictadura franquista. Tras trazar un recorrido por los tebeos sentimentales de la década de 1940 (Azucena y las primeras revistas modernas para niñas (Florita y Sissi, analizaremos el contenido de dicha publicación. En ese análisis percibiremos cómo Rosas blancas prolongará determinados mitos de aquellas historietas al tiempo que introducirá nuevas perspectivas en consonancia con lo que estaba sucediendo en la sociedad española.Through the reading of the Spanish female comic-book Rosas blancas, published by Editorial Toray between 1958 and 1965, we try to explore the ability of comics to reflect the role of women during the key stages of the Franco dictatorship. After a study of the sentimental comics of the 1940s (Azucena and the first modern magazines for girls (Florita and Sissi, we analyse the content of this publication. In this analysis we perceive how Rosas blancas extend certain myths while those cartoons introduce new perspectives in line with what was happening in the Spanish society.

The Nopal 1 Uranium Deposit: an Overview

Science.gov (United States)

Calas, G.; Allard, T.; Galoisy, L.

2007-05-01

The Nopal 1 natural analogue is located in the Pena Blanca uranium district, about 50 kms north of Chihuahua City, Mexico. The deposit is hosted in tertiary ignimbritic ash-flow tuffs, dated at 44 Ma (Nopal and Colorados formations), and overlying the Pozos conglomerate formation and a sequence of Cretaceous carbonate rocks. The deposit is exposed at the ground surface and consists of a near vertical zone extending over about 100 m with a diameter of 40 m. An interesting characteristic is that the primary mineralization has been exposed above the water table, as a result of the uplift of the Sierra Pena Blanca, and subsequently oxidized with a remobilization of hexavalent uranium. The primary mineralization has been explained by various genetic models. It is associated to an extensive hydrothermal alteration of the volcanic tuffs, locally associated to pyrite and preserved by an intense silicification. Several kaolinite parageneses occur in fissure fillings and feldspar pseudomorphs, within the mineralized breccia pipe and the barren surrounding rhyolitic tuffs. Smectites are mainly developed in the underlying weakly welded tuffs. Several radiation-induced defect centers have been found in these kaolinites providing a unique picture of the dynamics of uranium mobilization (see Allard et al., this session). Another evidence of this mobilization is given by the spectroscopy of uranium-bearing opals, which show characteristic fluorescence spectra of uranyl groups sorbed at the surface of silica. By comparison with the other uranium deposits of the Sierra Pena Blanca and the nearby Sierra de Gomez, the Nopal 1 deposit is original, as it is one of the few deposits hving retained a reduced uranium mineralization.

OPINIÃO PÚBLICA SOBRE A PENA DE MORTE

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LAMONICA, L.C.R

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A teoria nos indica que existem muitas influências sobre a avaliação das pessoas acerca da pena de morte (MENIN, 2005; LARANJEIRAS, 2007. Autores reconhecem que os meios de comunicação instigam a população a desejar vingança, como se isso resolvesse o problema da violência (MELLO, 1999. Outros acreditam existir uma série de questões que precisam ser transformadas para que pensemos numa pena de morte, como: a segurança pública, o desemprego, o sistema prisional e as formas alternativas de punição (CRITSNELIS, 2009, também é possível encontrar autores que veem positivamente o emprego da pena de morte e seus argumentos tem caráter religioso, humanista, judicial e social (BARRETO, 1983. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar, ainda que em pequena esfera, o que as pessoas em Campos pensam sobre a pena de morte. Inicialmente uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada. Elaborou-se um questionário objetivo composto de 3 perguntas. O público alvo foi Homens e Mulheres maiores de 18 anos, abordados nas imediações do ISECENSA, sendo um total de 40 pessoas. Posteriormente os dados foram tabulados gerando as informações da pesquisa. Perguntamos aos participantes se eles concordavam que é possível haver a reabilitação do ser humano e obtivemos que 75% concordavam que é possível. Aproximadamente 20% discordavam, não plenamente, mas acreditavam que raras vezes era possível a reabilitação. O restante não tinha uma opinião sobre a questão. 60% (a maioria das pessoas concordaram que a reforma das leis resolveria o problema da violência, outros 15% não chegaram a uma conclusão sobre a determinada pergunta e 25% dos entrevistados discordam. Cerca de 30% concordaram com a pena de morte, aproximadamente 20% não tinham pensado no assunto e os 45%, maioria, discordaram que a pena de morte é uma lei necessária no Brasil. Como dado mais expressivo, ressaltamos que a maior parte das pessoas abordadas acreditam que é poss

Guillermo Gomez-Pena & Roberto Sifuentes / Guillermo Gomez-Pena, Roberto Sifuentes ; interv. Tilman Baumgärtel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Gomez-Pena, Guillermo

2006-01-01

1997. a. Linzis tehtud intervjuu mehhiko-ameerika kunstnike Guillermo Gomez-Pena ja Roberto Sifuentesega, kes töötavad alates 1994. aastast ühiselt performance'ite ja installatsioonide kallal, 1994. a. produtseerisid televisiooniperformance'i "Naftaztec: Pirate-Cyber-TV for A:D: 2000". Võrguprojektist "Cyber Vato", performance'itest ja muust

O FUNCIONAMENTO DAS MÁQUINAS DE TORTURA: SOBRE A JUSTIÇA DAS PENAS DE PRISÃO. UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO DOCUMENTÁRIO SEM/PENA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camila Cardoso de Mello Prando

2015-10-01

Full Text Available O texto toma como obra de arte de referência o documentário “Sem Pena”, dirigido por Eugenio Puppo. A partir dos sentidos e provocações da obra e apropriando-me metodologicamente das perspectivas psicanalíticas sobre a análise das obras de arte e da perspectiva epistemológica feminista de produção de conhecimento analiso os sentidos não ordinários da pena. Formulo três perguntas determinadas pelos seguintes sentidos da palavra pena: autoria, escrita dos letrados e dó. As discussões que seguem a cada uma das perguntas servem para compreender a possibilidade de produção de justiça - no sentido desenvolvido por Derrida - nas decisões que determinam as penas de prisão.  

Mining project of the Taja Margaritas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martinez A, O.

1980-01-01

A summary of the study of a mining project designed to determine the feasibility of open-pit mining in uranium deposits along the Pena Blanca mountain ridges in Taja Margaritas, is presented. (author)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae and extended-spectrum cephalosporins in California: surveillance and molecular detection of mosaic penA.

Science.gov (United States)

Gose, Severin; Nguyen, Duylinh; Lowenberg, Daniella; Samuel, Michael; Bauer, Heidi; Pandori, Mark

2013-12-04

The spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with mosaic penA alleles and reduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins is a major public health problem. While much work has been performed internationally, little is known about the genetics or molecular epidemiology of N. gonorrhoeae isolates with reduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in the United States. The majority of N. gonorrhoeae infections are diagnosed without a live culture. Molecular tools capable of detecting markers of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance are needed. Urethral N. gonorrhoeae isolates were collected from 684 men at public health clinics in California in 2011. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefpodoxime and azithromycin were determined by Etest and categorized according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control 2010 alert value breakpoints. 684 isolates were screened for mosaic penA alleles using real-time PCR (RTPCR) and 59 reactive isolates were subjected to DNA sequencing of their penA alleles and Neisseria gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). To increase the specificity of the screening RTPCR in detecting isolates with alert value extended-spectrum cephalosporin MICs, the primers were modified to selectively amplify the mosaic XXXIV penA allele. Three mosaic penA alleles were detected including two previously described alleles (XXXIV, XXXVIII) and one novel allele (LA-A). Of the 29 isolates with an alert value extended-spectrum cephalosporin MIC, all possessed the mosaic XXXIV penA allele and 18 were sequence type 1407, an internationally successful strain associated with multi-drug resistance. The modified RTPCR detected the mosaic XXXIV penA allele in urethral isolates and urine specimens and displayed no amplification of the other penA alleles detected in this study. N. gonorrhoeae isolates with mosaic penA alleles and reduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins are currently

Role of penA polymorphisms for penicillin susceptibility in Neisseria lactamica and Neisseria meningitidis.

Science.gov (United States)

Karch, André; Vogel, Ulrich; Claus, Heike

2015-10-01

In meningococci, reduced penicillin susceptibility is associated with five specific mutations in the transpeptidase region of penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2). We showed that the same set of mutations was present in 64 of 123 Neisseria lactamica strains obtained from a carriage study (MIC range: 0.125-2.0mg/L). The PBP2 encoding penA alleles in these strains were genetically similar to those found in intermediate resistant meningococci suggesting frequent interspecies genetic exchange. Fifty-six N. lactamica isolates with mostly lower penicillin MICs (range: 0.064-0.38mg/L) exhibited only three of the five mutations. The corresponding penA alleles were unique to N. lactamica and formed a distinct genetic clade. PenA alleles with no mutations on the other hand were unique to meningococci. Under penicillin selective pressure, genetic transformation of N. lactamica penA alleles in meningococci was only possible for alleles encoding five mutations, but not for those encoding three mutations; the transfer resulted in MICs comparable to those of meningococci harboring penA alleles that encoded PBP2 with five mutations, but considerably lower than those of the corresponding N. lactamica donor strains. Due to a transformation barrier the complete N. lactamica penA could not be transformed into N. meningitidis. In summary, penicillin MICs in N. lactamica were associated with the number of mutations in the transpeptidase region of PBP2. Evidence for interspecific genetic transfer was only observed for penA alleles associated with higher MICs, suggesting that alleles encoding only three mutations in the transpeptidase region are biologically not effective in N. meningitidis. Factors other than PBP2 seem to be responsible for the high levels of penicillin resistance in N. lactamica. A reduction of penicillin susceptibility in N. meningitidis by horizontal gene transfer from N. lactamica is unlikely to happen. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

El Consejo de Europa y la abolición total de la pena de muerte en Europa

OpenAIRE

Bou Franch, Valentín

2002-01-01

1. Introducción.- 2. La parca reglamentación de la pena de muerte.- 3. La superación práctica de una mala disposición.- 3.1 .Por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos.- 3.2. Por la práctica de los Estados Miembros del Consejo de Europa.- 3.3. Por la práctica de los órganos del Consejo de Europa.- 4. La abolición de iure de la pena de muerte en Europa.- 4.1. La prohibición de la pena de muerte en tiempo de paz.- 4.2. La abolición de la pena de muerte en todas las circunstancias:- 5. Consider...

El camino hacia la moratoria universal de la pena de muerte.

OpenAIRE

Arroyo Zapatero, Luís

2011-01-01

Se repasa el proceso de abolición de la pena de muerte en el debate de Naciones Unidas hasta llegar a la primera Resolución mayoritaria que reclama en el 2007 la moratoria universal y se analizan las perspectivas del movimiento abolicionista para el que propone la vinculación del debate contra la pena de muerte al de los objetivos del milenio como una forma de lucha contra la violencia. This article aims to review the process of the debate for the abolition of the death penalty in the Unit...

Los Atravesados: Guillermo Gomez-Pena's Ethno-Cyborgs

Science.gov (United States)

Rivera, Lysa

2010-01-01

This essay examines how Guillermo Gomez-Pena's ethno-cyborgs, performance personae that first appeared in his work in the mid-1990s, exploit and critique two overlapping cultural-political movements: the emergence of Internet technologies (cyberculture) and the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). After locating the…

Derechos fundamentales y privación de libertad: Control de la ejecución de la pena

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Ana María Mosquera Rial

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Ponencia presentada al Primelr Congreso Argentino de Ciencias Penales.Contenido: El Sistema Penal dentro del Control Social. Los distintos trayectos ideológicos que conducen hacia la pena y la sustentan. Pena privativa de libertad. ¿Pena justa? ¿Pena útil? Prevención especial y prevención especial. Paradigmas nuevos y otra vez los "viejos muros". Autonomía del régimen penitenciario. Intervención en el sub-suelo de lo judicial y más. Proyectos en el Uruguay: Incursiones de humanidad con destino incierto. Las demandas de los internos. Los modelos autogestionarios de breve vida y el perfil del Juez de vigilancia ¿Una utopía?

NaturAnalogs for the Unsaturated Zone

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A. Simmons; A. Unger; M. Murrell

2000-03-08

The purpose of this Analysis/Model Report (AMR) is to document natural and anthropogenic (human-induced) analog sites and processes that are applicable to flow and transport processes expected to occur at the potential Yucca Mountain repository in order to build increased confidence in modeling processes of Unsaturated Zone (UZ) flow and transport. This AMR was prepared in accordance with ''AMR Development Plan for U0135, Natural Analogs for the UZ'' (CRWMS 1999a). Knowledge from analog sites and processes is used as corroborating information to test and build confidence in flow and transport models of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. This AMR supports the Unsaturated Zone (UZ) Flow and Transport Process Model Report (PMR) and the Yucca Mountain Site Description. The objectives of this AMR are to test and build confidence in the representation of UZ processes in numerical models utilized in the UZ Flow and Transport Model. This is accomplished by: (1) applying data from Boxy Canyon, Idaho in simulations of UZ flow using the same methodologies incorporated in the Yucca Mountain UZ Flow and Transport Model to assess the fracture-matrix interaction conceptual model; (2) Providing a preliminary basis for analysis of radionuclide transport at Pena Blanca, Mexico as an analog of radionuclide transport at Yucca Mountain; and (3) Synthesizing existing information from natural analog studies to provide corroborating evidence for representation of ambient and thermally coupled UZ flow and transport processes in the UZ Model.

Natural Analogs for the Unsaturated Zone

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simmons, A.; Unger, A.; Murrell, M.

2000-01-01

The purpose of this Analysis/Model Report (AMR) is to document natural and anthropogenic (human-induced) analog sites and processes that are applicable to flow and transport processes expected to occur at the potential Yucca Mountain repository in order to build increased confidence in modeling processes of Unsaturated Zone (UZ) flow and transport. This AMR was prepared in accordance with ''AMR Development Plan for U0135, Natural Analogs for the UZ'' (CRWMS 1999a). Knowledge from analog sites and processes is used as corroborating information to test and build confidence in flow and transport models of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. This AMR supports the Unsaturated Zone (UZ) Flow and Transport Process Model Report (PMR) and the Yucca Mountain Site Description. The objectives of this AMR are to test and build confidence in the representation of UZ processes in numerical models utilized in the UZ Flow and Transport Model. This is accomplished by: (1) applying data from Boxy Canyon, Idaho in simulations of UZ flow using the same methodologies incorporated in the Yucca Mountain UZ Flow and Transport Model to assess the fracture-matrix interaction conceptual model; (2) Providing a preliminary basis for analysis of radionuclide transport at Pena Blanca, Mexico as an analog of radionuclide transport at Yucca Mountain; and (3) Synthesizing existing information from natural analog studies to provide corroborating evidence for representation of ambient and thermally coupled UZ flow and transport processes in the UZ Model

A comédia no romantismo brasileiro: Martins Pena e Joaquim Manuel de Macedo

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Vilma Arêas

2006-11-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa a comédia produzida durante o romantismo brasileiro a partir da obra de Martins Pena e Joaquim Manuel de Macedo. Sustenta-se que Pena, num minucioso trabalho de incorporação de outros gêneros, inaugura a comédia de costumes no país, ao passo que Macedo é visto sobretudo a partir de sua contribuição para a renovação da linguagem teatral. A comédia é aqui entendida à luz da instabilidade de suas relações de sentido e do descompasso próprio do encontro entre formas artísticas forjadas na Europa e o contexto político brasileiro.The article analyses the comedy produced during Brazilian romanticist period taking the work of Martins Pena and Joaquim Manuel de Macedo as a guideline. It states that Pena, taking advantage of other genres, founded comedy of manners in Brazil, whereas Macedo is understood against the framework of the transformations of dramatic language. Comedy is analyzed here in relation to its instability of form and the tension between European ideals and Brazilian political environment.

Structure of Sierra Blanca (Alpujarride Complex, west of the Betic Cordillera

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Andreo, B.

1995-04-01

Full Text Available Sierra Blanca, situated in the SW of Málaga, forms part of the Blanca unit, belonging to the Alpujarride Complex of the Betic Cordillera. Its lithologic sequences are made up of a group of migmatites, gneisses and schists and an upper formation of marbles (white dolomitic and the bottom and blue calcareous towards the top, linked with a transitional contact. The structure of Sierra Blanca is comprised of folds, generally isoclinal, with reversed limbs and with important tectonic transpositions, the direction of which is approximately E-W in the eastern area and N-S and E-W in the West. In both areas the folds present opposing vergences, consistently towards the interior of the sierra. The origin of these structures is explained with a model of westerly movements of the Blanca unit, in relation to the Los Reales unit, with the formation of frontal and lateral folds. In its advancement, the western part of Sierra Blanca underwent an important anti-clockwise rotation responsible for the co-existence of folds in N-S and E-W directions. These structures occurred under ductile conditions, owing to the presence of important overthrusting peridotitic masses of the Los Reales unit. This model of westerly displacement is inserted in the process undergone by the Betic-Rif Internal Zones (with Blanca and Los Reales units included which occurred at the end of the Oligocene-Early Miocene when the Gibraltar arch began to be formed.Sierra Blanca, situada al SW de Málaga, forma parte de la unidad de Blanca que pertenece al complejo Alpujárride de la Cordillera Bética. Su secuencia litológica está compuesta por un conjunto inferior de migmatitas, gneises y esquistos, y por una formación superior de mármoles, blancos dolomíticos en la base y mármoles calizos azules hacia la parte superior, entre los que existe un tránsito gradual. La estructura de Sierra Blanca está formada por pliegues, generalmente isoclinales, con flancos invertidos que muestran

In Vivo-Selected Compensatory Mutations Restore the Fitness Cost of Mosaic penA Alleles That Confer Ceftriaxone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Science.gov (United States)

Vincent, Leah R; Kerr, Samuel R; Tan, Yang; Tomberg, Joshua; Raterman, Erica L; Dunning Hotopp, Julie C; Unemo, Magnus; Nicholas, Robert A; Jerse, Ann E

2018-04-03

susceptible and resistant strains that differ only in the penA gene that confers Cro resistance. We showed that mosaic penA alleles found in Cro r clinical isolates are outcompeted by the Cro s parent strain in vitro and in vivo but that compensatory mutations that allow ceftriaxone resistance to be maintained by increasing bacterial fitness are selected during mouse infection. One compensatory mutant that was studied in more detail had a mutation in acnB , which encodes the aconitase that functions in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. This study illustrates that compensatory mutations can be selected during infection, which we hypothesize may allow the spread of Cro resistance in nature. This study also provides novel insights into gonococcal metabolism and physiology.

[Aquatic insects and water quality in Peñas Blancas watershed and reservoir].

Science.gov (United States)

Mora, Meyer Guevara

2011-06-01

The aquatic insects have been used to evaluate water quality of aquatic environments. The population of aquatic insects and the water quality of the area were characterized according to the natural and human alterations present in the study site. During the monthly-survey, pH, DO, temperature, water level, DBO, PO4 and NO3 were measured. Biological indexes (abundance, species richness and the BMWP-CR) were used to evaluate the water quality. No relation between environmental and aquatic insects was detected. Temporal and spatial differences attributed to the flow events (temporal) and the presence of Peñas Blancas reservoir (spatial). In the future, the investigations in Peñas Blancas watershed need to be focused on determining the real influence of the flows, sediment release and the possible water quality degradation because of agriculture activities.

Spatiotemporal variability and differentiation between anthropogenic and natural contamination of heavy metals of surface water: a case study in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Guittard, A.; Baraer, M.; McKenzie, J. M.; Mark, B. G.; Fernandez, A.; Walsh, E.; Santos Perez, A.

2015-12-01

The Rio Santa, Peru, drains the western slopes of the glacierized Cordillera Blanca and provides water resources at almost all levels of the watershed. As it flows away from the valleys of the Cordillera Blanca, the Rio Santa takes out pollution from numerous sources, including acid mine drainage and natural sulfide oxidation by-products. The Rio Santa dry season discharge decline that is projected to be a consequence of glaciers retreat will probably have implications for the evolution of water pollution. This threat makes the characterization of the actual contamination mechanisms of primary importance. The present study focuses, first, on the spatiotemporal variability of heavy metal contamination across the entire Rio Santa Watershed and secondly on differentiating anthropogenic and natural contaminated sites. First, a macroscale sampling has been done during the summer 2013 to provide an overview of the contamination by trace metal, in water, suspended sediments and riverbed sediments. In addition, 30 water samples were taken from a point next to the city of Huaraz at a frequency of once every 2 weeks and analyzed for trace metals. Secondly, in order to identify hydrochemical contaminant origin dependant signatures in the Rio Santa watershed, 5 areas of known contamination origins were sampled during the summer 2014.Spatially speaking, we observed that most pollution is located in the south of the watershed, and that a large part of the arsenic that reaches the Santa in an aqueous phase does not make it to the outlet but remains trapped in the riverbed. Annual variation in water shows a very unusual fluctuation in Mn compare to other trace metal which are relatively stable. By differencing anthropogenic and natural sites and by considering glaciers melt and decrease water in future what would be the impact of the part of natural contaminated sites versus anthropogenic, mining and cities, on the water quality? Preliminary results show that anthropogenic sites

Mentiras por omisión en la "raza blanca"

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Ana Silvia Simesen de Bielke

2003-01-01

Full Text Available La razón instrumental blanca es hija legítima de la sociedad capitalista y, como tal, ha diseñado todos los ámbitos de la organización burocrática, el método científico, los distintos dispositivos del cuerpo social y los aparatos jurídicos e ideológicos. El reduccionismo liberticida, por ejemplo, no es un accidente epistemológico, sino que su vocación homogeneizadora ha respondido y responde a una forma particular de organización económica y política: la concepción reduccionista del mundo, la revolución industrial y la economía capitalista son los componentes filosófico, tecnológico y económico de un mismo proceso excluyente. El mismo, a través de sus avances científico-tecnológicos y su mentira civilizatoria, es quien va destruyendo paulatinamente nuestro oikos, nuestra simbiosis originaria con lo natural, nuestra sensibilidad, nuestra diversidad, únicos sustentos para la conservación de toda vida sobre el planeta. Quienes, como intelectuales, han desmontado esta estructura de la Razón Blanca falócrata colonizadora a través de sus dicotomías (humanidad y naturaleza, hombre y mujer, ciudad y pueblo, metrópolis y colonia, trabajo y vida, naturaleza y cultura, deben plantearse el imperativo moral de comprometerse con la denuncia pública acerca de este maridaje entre ciencia y fuerza, ciencia y militarismo, ciencia y patriarcado. Es el momento del desmontaje también de todas las ‘razones’ descendientes de la Razón Blanca: ¿porqué no pensar también en nuestra ‘razón académica’?

Herida precordial por arma blanca

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Marcelo F. Jiménez

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Varón de 42 años con esquizofrenia paranoide. Intento de suicidio con tres autolesiones por arma blanca (Fig. 1. Fue traído al hospital en estado consciente, taquicárdico, taquipneico y con tensión arterial (TA de 140/90 mmHg. Fue trasladado al quirófano, donde se practicó una toracotomía axilar izquierda sin extraer el arma. Durante la intervención se apreciaron tres heridas incisas, dos no penetrantes, hemotórax de 150 ml, herida pericárdica de 4 cm, sin lesiones cardíacas. La hoja del arma blanca penetraba a través del diafragma produciendo una herida incisa en el lóbulo hepático izquierdo (Fig. 2. Se extrajo el arma y se suturó la laceración hepática. El paciente fue trasladado el cuarto día a la Unidad de Psiquiatría.

La pena de muerte según Francisco de Vitoria

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Niceto BLÁZQUEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Francisco de Vitoria defendió la licitud moral de la pena de muerte como castigo jurídico impuesto por la suprema autoridad del Estado contra determinados delincuentes, lo que plantea un problema serio desde el punto de vista de la defensa de los derechos fundamentales del hombre, entre los cuales hay que destacar el primero y más fundamental, cual es el derecho a la propia vida. El maestro de Salamanca sigue sin ninguna reserva la tesis de Santo Tomás, para cuya defensa añade algunos razonamientos apologéticos sobre los cuales me propongo hacer algunas reflexiones críticas. Vitoria plantea el problema siguiendo el orden riguroso de la Suma Teológica, pero teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociológico, religioso y cultural de su tiempo, lo que le lleva a discutir directamente con protestantes y escotistas, frente a los cuales trata de justificar el pensamiento tomasiano sobre la pena capital por parte del estado.

Nopal I uranium deposit: A study of radionuclide migration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wong, V.; Anthony, E.; Goodell, P.

1996-01-01

This summary reports on activities of naturally-occurring radionuclides for the Nopal I uranium deposit located in the Pena Blanca Uranium District, Chihuahua, Mexico. Activities were determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy. In addition, data reduction procedures and sample preparation (for Rn retention) will be discussed here. Nopal I uranium deposit has been identified as one of the most promising sites for analogue studies to the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The objective of this research is to study the potential for radionuclide migration by testing whether any portion of the deposit is in secular equilibrium

Nopal I uranium deposit: A study of radionuclide migration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wong, V.; Anthony, E.; Goodell, P. [Univ. of Texas, El Paso, TX (United States)

1996-12-01

This summary reports on activities of naturally-occurring radionuclides for the Nopal I uranium deposit located in the Pena Blanca Uranium District, Chihuahua, Mexico. Activities were determined using gamma-ray spectroscopy. In addition, data reduction procedures and sample preparation (for Rn retention) will be discussed here. Nopal I uranium deposit has been identified as one of the most promising sites for analogue studies to the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The objective of this research is to study the potential for radionuclide migration by testing whether any portion of the deposit is in secular equilibrium.

ESTUDO DA ESTABILIDADE TÉRMICA DE FIBRA QUERATINA (KF DE PENAS DE FRANGO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE CARBONO (CF

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Débora Damasceno Belarmino

2012-07-01

Full Text Available A fibra de queratina de penas de frango foi submetida à análise térmica (TG em sua forma natural e carbonizada, aumentando assim a expansão do reaproveitamento de materiais desperdiçados no Brasil. A partir das curvas obtidas por TG/DTG da pena natural (KF e tratadas (KFNaOH, SCFC e SCFD buscou-se um melhor ciclo de carbonização (pirólise para esse tipo de precursor. O trabalho também trata como um dos focos, o estudo comparativo do comportamento térmico desses materiais. Uma parte da KF foi tratada com hidróxido de sódio (NaOH, e observou-se pelo o resultado TG/DTG que a resistência térmica do material não foi influenciada. Outra parte de KF foi semicarbonizada (220°C sem controle do ambiente térmico e taxas de aquecimento e resfriamento, apresentando colorações diferentes, mais clara (SCFC e mais escura (SCFD. Foi constatado nas curvas de TG/DTG, que esse tratamento de carbonização não é ideal para a obtenção de carbono. Também foi verificado nas curvas de TG/DTG que na CF houve um aumento da estabilidade térmica comparada a todas as outras amostras. Essa pesquisa é uma inovação no que diz respeito à preparação e avaliação de fibras de penas de frango na obtenção de fibras sintetizadas, que atualmente são, em larga escala, derivados do petróleo, lembrando-se da diminuição das reservas de petróleo e da poluição que os mesmos geram ao meio ambiente.

Role of erosion and isostasy in the Cordillera Blanca uplift: Insights from landscape evolution modeling (northern Peru, Andes)

Science.gov (United States)

Margirier, Audrey; Braun, Jean; Robert, Xavier; Audin, Laurence

2018-03-01

The processes driving uplift and exhumation of the highest Peruvian peaks (the Cordillera Blanca) are not well understood. Uplift and exhumation seem closely linked to the formation and movement on the Cordillera Blanca normal fault (CBNF) that delimits and shapes the western flank of the Cordillera Blanca. Several models have been proposed to explain the presence of this major normal fault in a compressional setting, but the CBNF and the Cordillera Blanca recent rapid uplift remain enigmatic. Whereas the Cordillera Blanca morphology demonstrates important erosion and thus a significant mass of rocks removal, the impact of erosion and isostasy on the evolution of the Cordillera Blanca uplift rates has never been explored. We address the role of erosion and associated flexural rebound in the uplift and exhumation of the Cordillera Blanca with numerical modeling of landscape evolution. We perform inversions of the broad features of the present-day topography, total exhumation and thermochronological data using a landscape evolution model (FastScape) to provide constraints on the erosion efficiency factor, the uplift rate and the temperature gradient. Our results evidence the not negligible contribution of erosion and associated flexural rebound to the uplift of the Cordillera Blanca and allow us to question the models previously proposed for the formation of the CBNF.

Efecto de dos agentes remineralizantes en lesiones de mancha blanca: Estudio in Vitro

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Grace Maribel Chicaiza Naranjo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La caries dental continúa siendo la enfermedad con mayor prevalencia en el mundo, es importante diagnosticarla y tratarla desde su estadio inicial de mancha blanca ya que es una lesión reversible. La aparición de nuevos materiales como el fosfopéptido de caseína- estabilizado de fosfato de calcio amorfo (Recaldent para remineralizar las manchas blancas nos brindan más opciones terapéuticas en Odontopediatria. Objetivo: Evaluar in-vitro la remineralización de la mancha blanca a partir de la aplicación de las pastas dentales a base de Recaldent: Mi Paste y Mi Paste Plus en dientes temporales. Materiales y métodos: Fueron utilizados 30 dientes temporales sanos obtenidos por movilidad fisiológica, divididos en Grupo A 15 dientes, Grupo B 15 dientes, en ambos grupos se generó la mancha blanca con un agente desmineralizante, para la remineralización  al grupo A se le aplicó Mi Paste, al grupo B Mi Paste Plus, se evaluó el grado de desmineralización y remineralización mediante un láser, Diagnodent, después de 10 días de la aplicación de las pastas dentales. Resultados: Se demostró que en ambos grupos existió remineralización de la mancha blanca, 14.73 grados de fluorescencia con Mi Paste y 15.67 grados con Mi Paste Plus, siendo mayor el grupo B. Conclusión: Concluyendo que, si existe remineralización de la mancha blanca a partir de la aplicación de pasta dental, Mi Paste y Mi Paste Plus con derivados de la caseína (Recaldent en dientes temporales, estudio in vitro. Logrando mejores resultados al utilizar Mi Paste Plus. 

GIUSTIZIA, PENA E MISERICORDIA NELL’ISTITUTO DEL MATRIMONIO NEL DIRITTO ROMANO

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Paolo Giuseppe Maria Lobiati

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Il tema della giustizia e della pena può essere riscontrato anche nella risoluzione del conflitto tra coniugi già a partire dal diritto romano arcaico. Si tratteggerà, quindi, l’evoluzione dell’istituto del divortium nel sistema giuridico romano a partire dalla sua nascita come risposta al ius vitae ac necis del marito sulla moglie, passando per il ripudio unilaterale e concludendosi con la dissoluzione del vincolo. L’analisi proseguirà attraverso uno sguardo sulla normativa di merito nell’età classica per poi soffermarsi sulla normativa del Tardo Impero che, incontrandosi con il Cristianesimo, fu soggetta a modificazioni in virtù delle spinte che la dottrina patristica sull’indissolubilità forniva. Si metterà in luce come il ius di cui si tratta, che vide la nascita del divortium quale risposta di un coniuge alle ingiustizie perpetrategli dall’altro, arrivò a doversi confrontare con la dottrina Cristiana che, nell’ambito matrimoniale, sostenendo la tutela del vincolo, riuscì a compiere un bilanciamento delle istanze sociali e religiose attraverso l’istituto della separazione come “pena misericordiosa”. La cuestión de la justicia y la pena puede ser individuada en la resolución de conflictos entre cónyuges a partir del derecho romano arcaico. Se delinea, por tanto, la evolución del instituto del divortium en el sistema jurídico romano desde su nacimiento como respuesta al ius vitae ac necis del marido sobre la mujer, pasando por el repudio unilateral y acabando con la disolución del vínculo. El análisis proseguirá considerando la normativa en la edad clásica hasta llegar a la normativa del Bajo Imperio que, encontrando el Cristianismo, sufrirá modificaciones a causa del empuje de la doctrina patrística sobre la indisolubilidad. Veremos como el ius en cuestión, que ve el nacimiento del divortium como respuesta de un cónyuge a las injusticias recibidas por parte del otro, tuvo que medirse con la doctrina

In Vivo-Selected Compensatory Mutations Restore the Fitness Cost of Mosaic penA Alleles That Confer Ceftriaxone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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Leah R. Vincent

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Resistance to ceftriaxone in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is mainly conferred by mosaic penA alleles that encode penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2 variants with markedly lower rates of acylation by ceftriaxone. To assess the impact of these mosaic penA alleles on gonococcal fitness, we introduced the mosaic penA alleles from two ceftriaxone-resistant (Cror clinical isolates (H041 and F89 into a Cros strain (FA19 by allelic exchange and showed that the resultant Cror mutants were significantly outcompeted by the Cros parent strain in vitro and in a murine infection model. Four Cror compensatory mutants of FA19 penA41 were isolated independently from mice that outcompeted the parent strain both in vitro and in vivo. One of these compensatory mutants (LV41C displayed a unique growth profile, with rapid log growth followed by a sharp plateau/gradual decline at stationary phase. Genome sequencing of LV41C revealed a mutation (G348D in the acnB gene encoding the bifunctional aconitate hydratase 2/2 methylisocitrate dehydratase. Introduction of the acnBG348D allele into FA19 penA41 conferred both a growth profile that phenocopied that of LV41C and a fitness advantage, although not as strongly as that exhibited by the original compensatory mutant, suggesting the existence of additional compensatory mutations. The mutant aconitase appears to be a functional knockout with lower activity and expression than wild-type aconitase. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq analysis of FA19 penA41 acnBG348D revealed a large set of upregulated genes involved in carbon and energy metabolism. We conclude that compensatory mutations can be selected in Cror gonococcal strains that increase metabolism to ameliorate their fitness deficit.

A eficácia das penas alternativas na perspectiva das vítimas

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Costa, Liana Fortunato

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa buscou avaliar, na perspectiva de vítimas de roubo e furto, a aplicação de penas e medidas não-privativas de liberdade, considerando os direitos da vítima e os interesses da sociedade. Penas e medidas alternativas são sanções criminais diferentes da pena privativa de liberdade aplicadas em sentença criminal condenatória ou por meio da transação penal. Os instrumentos foram entrevista e grupo focal. Foram entrevistadas 8 pessoas, 5 homens e 3 mulheres com idades entre 39 e 66 anos. Do grupo focal, participaram 5 homens, 3 com idade entre 30 e 40 anos e 2 com idade superior a 65 anos. Foram construídos 4 núcleos de interpretação: Direito à reparação; Interesse da vítima na persecução penal; Tratamento dado à vítima pelo sistema de justiça penal e O trauma. A cultura judiciária ainda não reconhece o processo penal e a garantia à reparação dos danos sofridos pela vítima. A vítima enxerga uma situação em que foi lesada e procura quem lhe dê voz. O sistema penal visualiza o conflito como trabalho a ser realizado para unicamente punir o acusado

Role of erosion and isostasy in the Cordillera Blanca uplift: insights from Low-T thermochronology and landscape evolution modeling (northern Peru, Andes)

Science.gov (United States)

Margirier, A.; Robert, X.; Braun, J.; Laurence, A.

2017-12-01

The uplift and exhumation of the highest Peruvian peaks seems closely linked to the Cordillera Blanca normal fault that delimits and shape the western flank of the Cordillera Blanca. Two models have been previously proposed to explain the occurrence of extension and the presence of this active normal fault in a compression setting but the Cordillera Blanca normal fault and the uplift and exhumation of the Cordillera Blanca remain enigmatic. Recent studies suggested an increase of exhumation rates during the Quaternary in the Cordillera Blanca and related this increase to a change in climate and erosion process (glacial erosion vs. fluvial erosion). The Cordillera Blanca granite has been significantly eroded since its emplacement (12-5 Ma) indicating a significant mass of rocks removal. Whereas it has been demonstrated recently that the effect of eroding denser rocks can contribute to an increase of uplift rate, the impact of erosion and isostasy on the increase of the Cordillera Blanca uplift rates has never been explored. Based on numerical modeling of landscape evolution we address the role of erosion and isostasy in the uplift and exhumation of the Cordillera Blanca. We performed inversions of the present-day topography, total exhumation and thermochronological data using a landscape evolution model (FastScape). Our results evidence the contribution of erosion and associated flexural rebound to the uplift of the Cordillera Blanca. Our models suggest that the erosion of the Cordillera Blanca dense intrusion since 3 Ma could also explain the Quaternary exhumation rate increase in this area. Finally, our results allow to question the previous models proposed for the formation of the Cordillera Blanca normal fault.

La pena de muerte desde la bioética y los derechos humanos

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Octavio Márquez Mendoza

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se ofrece una reflexión de la pena de muerte, que parte de premisas esenciales desde la bioética y los derechos humanos. Se plantean algunas generalidades de esta disciplina, dado que orientan a un cuestionamiento respecto al aporte de la ciencia y la tecnología para llevar a cabo “ejecuciones más humanas”. Enseguida se recurre a los conceptos de vida, persona y dignidad para enmarcar el argumento en los derechos humanos. Se retoman algunas sentencias de documentos internacionales apelando a un desarrollo del hombre desde la ética: la práctica de la pena máxima, por el contrario, lo retiene. Así pues, se anticipa que lo humano nunca se hallará en la aniquilación de su propio género.

A pena privativa da liberdade e a preservação dos vínculos familiares: uma equação possível?

OpenAIRE

Marcos Antonio Pithon Nascimento

2005-01-01

O texto volta-se à problemática do indivíduo que se encontra preso, cumprindo pena privativa da liberdade em regime fechado na Penitenciária Lemos Brito, estabelecimento prisional destinado aos condenados do sexo masculino em Salvador, Bahia. Estudou-se o poder de punir do Estado, bem como a evolução da pena e dos sistemas punitivos, questionando se a pena cumpre sua finalidade ressocializadora ou se dessocializa aquele que se encontra com sua liberdade de ir e vir cerceada. Seguindo a linha ...

Literatura e História: crime e pena capital no século 19

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Junia Barreto

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O romance Le Dernier jour d’un condamné, de 1829, do escritor francês Victor Hugo, coloca em cena um crime qualquer de um criminoso sem nome, cuja punição é a pena capital, através da prática da guilhotina. O texto traduz os reflexos da Revolução Francesa e do período do Terror no cotidiano e nos hábitos de uma sociedade aficionada pelo crime, dividida entre medo e atração, e de uma literatura seduzida pela estética do horror e da violência enquanto possibilidades de expressão do belo, transpondo e enaltecendo, na ficção, todo tipo de crime e criminosos, cuja figura do herói criminoso se define entre realidade e ficção. Interessa-nos mostrar a imbricação da História e da Literatura presentes no texto, no qual o crime e sua punição funcionam como instrumento principal do discurso filosófico e político de Hugo contra a pena de morte. O autor termina por inscrever-se documentalmente na história da luta pela abolição da pena de morte, enquanto método praticado de punição ao crime.

NSR&D FY17 Report: CartaBlanca Capability Enhancements

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Long, Christopher Curtis [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Dhakal, Tilak Raj [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Zhang, Duan Zhong [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2017-10-19

Over the last several years, particle technology in the CartaBlanca code has been matured and has been successfully applied to a wide variety of physical problems. It has been shown that the particle methods, especially Los Alamos's dual domain material point method, is capable of computing many problems involves complex physics, chemistries accompanied by large material deformations, where the traditional finite element or Eulerian method encounter significant difficulties. In FY17, the CartaBlanca code has been enhanced with physical models and numerical algorithms. We started out to compute penetration and HE safety problems. Most of the year we focused on the TEPLA model improvement testing against the sweeping wave experiment by Gray et al., because it was found that pore growth and material failure are essentially important for our tasks and needed to be understood for modeling the penetration and the can experiments efficiently. We extended the TEPLA mode from the point view of ensemble phase average to include the effects of nite deformation. It is shown that the assumed pore growth model in TEPLA is actually an exact result from the theory. Alone this line, we then generalized the model to include finite deformations to consider nonlinear dynamics of large deformation. The interaction between the HE product gas and the solid metal is based on the multi-velocity formation. Our preliminary numerical results suggest good agreement between the experiment and the numerical results, pending further verification. To improve the parallel processing capabilities of the CartaBlanca code, we are actively working with the Next Generation Code (NGC) project to rewrite selected packages using C++. This work is expected to continue in the following years. This effort also makes the particle technology developed with CartaBlanca project available to other part of the laboratory. Working with the NGC project and rewriting some parts of the code also given us an

Hydraulic characterization of hydrothermally altered Nopal tuff

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Green, R.T.; Meyer-James, K.A. [Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX (United States); Rice, G. [George Rice and Associates, San Antonio, TX (United States)

1995-07-01

Understanding the mechanics of variably saturated flow in fractured-porous media is of fundamental importance to evaluating the isolation performance of the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository for the Yucca Mountain site. Developing that understanding must be founded on the analysis and interpretation of laboratory and field data. This report presents an analysis of the unsaturated hydraulic properties of tuff cores from the Pena Blanca natural analog site in Mexico. The basic intent of the analysis was to examine possible trends and relationships between the hydraulic properties and the degree of hydrothermal alteration exhibited by the tuff samples. These data were used in flow simulations to evaluate the significance of a particular conceptual (composite) model and of distinct hydraulic properties on the rate and nature of water flow.

Hydraulic characterization of hydrothermally altered Nopal tuff

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Green, R.T.; Meyer-James, K.A.; Rice, G.

1995-07-01

Understanding the mechanics of variably saturated flow in fractured-porous media is of fundamental importance to evaluating the isolation performance of the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository for the Yucca Mountain site. Developing that understanding must be founded on the analysis and interpretation of laboratory and field data. This report presents an analysis of the unsaturated hydraulic properties of tuff cores from the Pena Blanca natural analog site in Mexico. The basic intent of the analysis was to examine possible trends and relationships between the hydraulic properties and the degree of hydrothermal alteration exhibited by the tuff samples. These data were used in flow simulations to evaluate the significance of a particular conceptual (composite) model and of distinct hydraulic properties on the rate and nature of water flow

Regional Analysis of the Hazard Level of Glacial Lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Chisolm, Rachel E.; Jhon Sanchez Leon, Walter; McKinney, Daene C.; Cochachin Rapre, Alejo

2016-04-01

The Cordillera Blanca mountain range is the highest in Peru and contains many of the world's tropical glaciers. This region is severely impacted by climate change causing accelerated glacier retreat. Secondary impacts of climate change on glacier retreat include stress on water resources and the risk of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) from the many lakes that are forming and growing at the base of glaciers. A number of GLOFs originating from lakes in the Cordillera Blanca have occurred over the last century, several of which have had catastrophic impacts on cities and communities downstream. Glaciologists and engineers in Peru have been studying the lakes of the Cordillera Blanca for many years and have identified several lakes that are considered dangerous. However, a systematic analysis of all the lakes in the Cordillera Blanca has never before been attempted. Some methodologies for this type of systematic analysis have been proposed (eg. Emmer and Vilimek 2014; Wang, et al. 2011), but as yet they have only been applied to a few select lakes in the Cordillera Blanca. This study uses remotely sensed data to study all of the lakes of the Glacial Lake Inventory published by the Glaciology and Water Resources Unit of Peru's National Water Authority (UGRH 2011). The objective of this study is to assign a level of potential hazard to each glacial lake in the Cordillera Blanca and to ascertain if any of the lakes beyond those that have already been studied might pose a danger to nearby populations. A number of parameters of analysis, both quantitative and qualitative, have been selected to assess the hazard level of each glacial lake in the Cordillera Blanca using digital elevation models, satellite imagery, and glacier outlines. These parameters are then combined to come up with a preliminary assessment of the hazard level of each lake; the equation weighting each parameter draws on previously published methodologies but is tailored to the regional characteristics

Tzompantli, horca y picota: Sacrificio o pena capital

OpenAIRE

Carreón Blaine, Emilie

2006-01-01

En este artículo me refiero a una faceta del proceso de aculturación del México antiguo, la manifestación pública de violencia corporal ligada al castigo, la pena de muerte y la exposición de partes del cuerpo humano, como se representa en los mapas de las Relaciones geográficas del siglo XVI, donde la frontera entre el lugar de castigo y el lugar de sacrificio se desvanece. El estudio de dicho aspecto de la sociedad colonial permite entender el proceso mediante el cual las prácticas sacrific...

La pena de muerte según Francisco de Vitoria

OpenAIRE

Blázquez, Niceto

1989-01-01

Francisco de Vitoria defendió la licitud moral de la pena de muerte como castigo jurídico impuesto por la suprema autoridad del Estado contra determinados delincuentes, lo que plantea un problema serio desde el punto de vista de la defensa de los derechos fundamentales del hombre, entre los cuales hay que destacar el primero y más fundamental, cual es el derecho a la propia vida. El maestro de Salamanca sigue sin ninguna reserva la tesis de Santo Tomás, para cuya defensa añade algunos razonam...

¿El fin justifica los miedos? Perspectiva genealógica de los debates sobre la pena de muerte en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Bejarano, Julio Alberto

2010-01-01

A lo largo de la historia republicana de Colombia el debate sobre la pena de muerte siempre ha estado presente, directa o indirectamente. A pesar de que se abolió oficialmente en 1910, ha sido frecuente escuchar voces que se muestran favorables a una reaplicación de la pena de muerte. Uno de los momentos más significativos, quizá el más importante hasta la fecha, ocurrió en 1925. El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre el proceso histórico del cadalso en Colombia, buscando examinar ...

Wind Transport of Radionuclide- Bearing Dust, Peña Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Velarde, R.; Goodell, P. C.; Gill, T. E.; Arimoto, R.

2007-05-01

This investigation evaluates radionuclide fractionation during wind erosion of high-grade uranium ore storage piles at Peña Blanca (50km north of Chihuahua City), Chihuahua, Mexico. The aridity of the local environment promotes dust resuspension by high winds. Although active operations ceased in 1983, the Peña Blanca mining district is one of Mexico`s most important uranium ore reserves. The study site contains piles of high grade ore, left loose on the surface, and separated by the specific deposits from which they were derived (Margaritas, Nopal I, and Puerto I). Similar locations do not exist in the United States, since uranium mining sites in the USA have been reclaimed. The Peña Blanca site serves as an analog for the Yucca Mountain project. Dust deposition is collected at Peña Blanca with BSNE sediment catchers (Fryrear, 1986) and marble dust traps (Reheis, 1999). These devices capture windblown sediment; subsequently, the sample data will help quantify potentially radioactive short term field sediment loss from the repository surface and determine sediment flux. Aerosols and surface materials will be analyzed and radioactivity levels established utilizing techniques such as gamma spectroscopy. As a result, we will be able to estimate how much radionuclide contaminated dust is being transported or attached geochemically to fine grain soils or minerals (e.g., clays or iron oxides). The high-grade uranium-bearing material is at secular equilibrium, thus the entire decay series is present. Of resulting interest is not only the aeolian transport of uranium, but also of the other daughter products. These studies will improve our understanding of geochemical cycling of radionuclides with respect to sources, transport, and deposition. The results may also have important implications for the geosciences and homeland security, and potential applications to public health. Funding for this project is provided in part via a NSF grant to Arimoto.

Insectos acuáticos y calidad del agua en la cuenca y embalse del río Peñas Blancas, Costa Rica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meyer Guevara Mora

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La población de insectos acuáticos y la calidad del agua fueron caracterizadas tomando en cuenta las alteraciones humanas y naturales en el área de estudio. Durante los muestreos mensuales, el pH, OD, temperatura, nivel del agua, DBO, PO4 y NO3 fueron medidos. Los índices biológicos (abundancia, riqueza de especies y el BMWP-CR se evaluaron para determinar la calidad del agua. No se detectaron relaciones entre las variables ambientales y los insectos acuáticos, pero las diferencias espaciales y temporales en la abundancia y riqueza fueron asociadas con las crecidas del río (temporal y a la presencia del embalse Peñas Blancas (espacial. En el futuro las investigaciones en la cuenca Peñas Blancas deben de ser dirigidas a determinar la magnitud de la influencia de los caudales, liberación de sedimentos y la posible degradación de la calidad del agua por efluentes de aguas servidas que se lleguen a ubicar en la cuenca.Aquatic insects and water quality in Peñas Blancas watershed and reservoir. The aquatic insects have been used to evaluate water quality of aquatic environments. The population of aquatic insects and the water quality of the area were characterized according to the natural and human alterations present in the study site. During the monthly-survey, pH, DO, temperature, water level, DBO, PO4 and NO3 were measured. Biological indexes (abundance, species richness and the BMWP-CR were used to evaluate the water quality. No relation between environmental and aquatic insects was detected. Temporal and spatial differences attributed to the flow events (temporal and the presence of Peñas Blancas reservoir (spatial. In the future, the investigations in Peñas Blancas watershed need to be focused on determining the real influence of the flows, sediment release and the possible water quality degradation because of agriculture activities. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (2: 635-654. Epub 2011 June 01.

Herida precordial por arma blanca

OpenAIRE

Marcelo F. Jiménez; Nuria Novoa; José Luis Aranda; Gonzalo Varela

2005-01-01

Varón de 42 años con esquizofrenia paranoide. Intento de suicidio con tres autolesiones por arma blanca (Fig. 1). Fue traído al hospital en estado consciente, taquicárdico, taquipneico y con tensión arterial (TA) de 140/90 mmHg. Fue trasladado al quirófano, donde se practicó una toracotomía axilar izquierda sin extraer el arma. Durante la intervención se apreciaron tres heridas incisas, dos no penetrantes, hemotórax de 150 ml, herida pericárdica de 4 cm, sin lesiones cardíacas. La hoja del ar...

Heterogeneous seepage at the Nopal I natural analogue site, Chihuahua, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dobson, Patrick F.; Cook, Paul J.; Ghezzehei, Teamrat A.; Rodriguez, J. Alfredo; Villalba, Lourdes; de la Garza, Rodrigo

2008-10-25

An integrated field, laboratory, and modeling study of the Pena Blanca (Chihuahua, Mexico) natural analogue site is being conducted to evaluate processes that control the mobilization and transport of radionuclides from a uranium ore deposit. One component of this study is an evaluation of the potential for radionuclide transport through the unsaturated zone (UZ) via a seepage study in an adit at the Nopal I uranium mine, excavated 10 m below a mined level surface. Seasonal rainfall on the exposed level surface infiltrates into the fractured rhyolitic ash-flow tuff and seeps into the adit. An instrumented seepage collection system and local automated weather station permit direct correlation between local precipitation events and seepage within the Nopal I +00 adit. Monitoring of seepage within the adit between April 2005 and December 2006 indicates that seepage is highly heterogeneous with respect to time, location, and quantity. Within the back adit area, a few zones where large volumes of water have been collected are linked to fast flow path fractures (0-4 h transit times) presumably associated with focused flow. In most locations, however, there is a 1-6 month time lag between major precipitation events and seepage within the adit, with longer residence times observed for the front adit area. Seepage data obtained from this study will be used to provide input to flow and transport models being developed for the Nopal I hydrogeologic system.

Heterogeneous seepage at the Nopal I natural analogue site, Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dobson, Patrick F.; Cook, Paul J.; Ghezzehei, Teamrat A.; Rodriguez, J. Alfredo; Villalba, Lourdes; de la Garza, Rodrigo

2008-01-01

An integrated field, laboratory, and modeling study of the Pena Blanca (Chihuahua, Mexico) natural analogue site is being conducted to evaluate processes that control the mobilization and transport of radionuclides from a uranium ore deposit. One component of this study is an evaluation of the potential for radionuclide transport through the unsaturated zone (UZ) via a seepage study in an adit at the Nopal I uranium mine, excavated 10 m below a mined level surface. Seasonal rainfall on the exposed level surface infiltrates into the fractured rhyolitic ash-flow tuff and seeps into the adit. An instrumented seepage collection system and local automated weather station permit direct correlation between local precipitation events and seepage within the Nopal I +00 adit. Monitoring of seepage within the adit between April 2005 and December 2006 indicates that seepage is highly heterogeneous with respect to time, location, and quantity. Within the back adit area, a few zones where large volumes of water have been collected are linked to fast flow path fractures (0-4 h transit times) presumably associated with focused flow. In most locations, however, there is a 1-6 month time lag between major precipitation events and seepage within the adit, with longer residence times observed for the front adit area. Seepage data obtained from this study will be used to provide input to flow and transport models being developed for the Nopal I hydrogeologic system.

Cordillera Blanca: glaciares en la historia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

1995-01-01

Full Text Available CORDILLERE BLANCHE - DES GLACIERS DANS L’HISTOIRE. La plus vaste couverture glaciaire de l’entre-tropiques n’apparaît comme un objet d’études que très tard, à la fin du XIXème siècle et, surtout grâce aux expéditions austro-allemandes, à partir des années 1930-1940. Le développement de l’alpinisme et un grand nombre de catastrophes meurtrières associées à la dynamique de ces glaciers (rupture de lacs de barrage morainique, avalanches ont attiré l’attention sur eux et suscité des recherches glaciologiques. En 1980, ils comptent parmi les mieux surveillés des glaciers tropicaux, d’abord grâce à un programme d’étude développé par les Péruviens eux-mêmes. à un moment où le réchauffement global fait craindre un recul très important de la glaciation dans la zone tropicale, les glaciers de la Cordillère Blanche deviennent d’excellents indicateurs de l’évolution climatique en cours et la ressource en eau qui leur est associée constitue à la fois un sujet d’étude et un enjeu économique de haute importance. La más vasta cobertura glaciar situada entre los trópicos aparece como objeto de estudio relativamente tarde, a fines del siglo XIX, sobre todo gracias a las expediciones austro alemanas a partir de los años 1930-1940. El desarrollo del alpinismo y un gran número de catástrofes mortales asociadas a la dinámica de estos glaciares (rotura de lagunas de represa morrénica, avalanchas atrajeron la atención y suscitaron investigaciones glaciológicas. En 1980, se encuentran entre los mejor monitoreados de los glaciares tropicales, primero, gracias a un programa de estudio desarrollado por los peruanos. En un momento en que el recalentamiento global hace temer un retroceso muy importante de la glaciación en la zona tropical, los glaciares de la Cordillera Blanca se convierten en excelentes indicadores de la evolución climática en curso y el recurso hídrico que se les asocia constituye a la vez un tema

Pobreza por Ingresos en Argentina y Bahía Blanca: Estimaciones de referencia y cuestiones metodológicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Emma Santos

2016-11-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se estima la indigencia y pobreza por ingresos en 2014 y 2015 para el total de aglomerados urbanos de Argentina y para el caso particular de Bahía Blanca, una ciudad intermedia, eminentemente industrial y comercial, con altos niveles de desempleo e indigencia recientes. Se encuentra que a mediados de 2015 una de cada diez personas estaba en situación de indigencia y casi tres de cada diez estaba en situación de pobreza, lo cual equivale a 11.6 millones de personas aproximadamente. En el caso del aglomerado de Bahía Blanca, una de cada 20 personas era indigente, y el 18% era pobre, lo cual se traduce en 15 mil y 54 mil personas en situación de indigencia y pobreza. El trabajo también expone algunos puntos críticos de la metodología de medición de pobreza por ingresos que requieren reflexión y mejoramiento en el proceso de restitución de las estadísticas oficiales de pobreza.Palabras clave: pobreza, indigencia, Argentina, Bahía Blanca.Código JEL: I32. Income Poverty in Argentina and Bahía Blanca: Reference estimates and methodological issuesAbstractIn this paper we estimate the indigence and poverty by income in 2014 and 2015 for the total urban agglomerations of Argentina and for the particular case of Bahía Blanca, an intermediate city, eminently industrial and commercial, with high levels of recent unemployment and indigence. It is found that by the middle of 2015 one in ten people was in a situation of indigence and almost three out of ten were in poverty, which is equivalent to approximately 11.6 million people. In the case of the Bahía Blanca agglomerate, one in 20 people were indigent, and 18% were poor, which translates into 15,000 and 54,000 people living in extreme poverty and poverty. The paper also presents some critical points of the methodology for measuring poverty by income that require reflection and improvement in the process of restitution of official poverty statistics.Keywords: poverty

Lichenometry in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: “Little Ice Age” moraine chronology

Science.gov (United States)

Solomina, Olga; Jomelli, Vincent; Kaser, Georg; Ames, Alcides; Berger, Bernhard; Pouyaud, Bernard

2007-10-01

This paper is a comparison and compilation of lichenometric and geomorphic studies performed by two independent teams in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, in 1996 and 2002 on 66 "Little Ice Age" moraines of 14 glaciers. Using eleven new control points, we recalibrated the initial rapid growth phase of the previously established Rhizocarpon subgenus Rhizocarpon growth curve. This curve was then used to estimate the age of "Little Ice Age" moraines. The time of deposition of the most prominent and numerous terminal and lateral moraines on the Pacific-facing side of the Cordillera Blanca (between AD 1590 and AD 1720) corresponds to the coldest and wettest phase in the tropical Andes as revealed by ice-core data. Less prominent advances occurred between AD 1780 and 1880.

How many populations set foot through the Patagonian door? Genetic composition of the current population of Bahía Blanca (Argentina) based on data from 19 Alu polymorphisms.

Science.gov (United States)

Resano, M; Esteban, E; González-Pérez, E; Vía, M; Athanasiadis, G; Avena, S; Goicoechea, A; Bartomioli, M; Fernández, V; Cabrera, A; Dejean, C; Carnese, F; Moral, P

2007-01-01

The city of Bahía Blanca occupies a strategic place in Argentina south of the Pampean region in the north-east corner of the Patagonia. Since 1828, this city has been the historical and political border between Amerindian lands in the south, and the lands of European colonists. Nowadays, Bahía Blanca is an urban population mainly composed by descendents of immigrants from Spain and other European countries with apparently low admixture with Amerindians. In view of the unexpectedly high Amerindian admixture levels (about 46.7%) suggested by mtDNA data, and protein markers (19.5%), we analyzed a set of 19 Alu polymorphisms (18 autosomal, 1 of Chromosome Y) in a well-documented genealogical sample from Bahía Blanca. The genotyped sample was made up of 119 unrelated healthy individuals whose birth place and grandparent origins were fully documented. According to available genealogical records, the total sample has been subdivided into two groups: Bahía Blanca Original (64 individuals with all 4 gandparents born in Argentina) and Bahía Blanca Mix (55 individuals with one to three grandparents born out of Argentina). Allele frequencies and gene diversity values in Bahía Blanca fit well into the European ranges. Population relationships have been tested for 8 Alu markers, whose variation has been described in several Amerindian and European samples. Reynolds genetic distances underline the significant genetic similarity of Bahía Blanca to Europeans (mean distance 0.044) and their differentiation from Amerindians (0.146). Interestingly enough, when the general sample is divided, Bahía Blanca Original appears slightly closer to Amerindians (0.127) in contrast to Bahía Blanca Mix (0.161). Furthermore, the genetic relationships depicted through a principal components analysis emphasize the relative similarity of Bahía Blanca Original to Amerindians. A thorough knowledge of the sample origins has allowed us to make a subtle distinction of the genetic composition of

LA PASIÓN DE LA CRUELDAD. EL PAPA FRANCISCO CONTRA LA PENA DE MUERTE - THE PASSION OF CRUELTY. POPE FRANCIS AGAINST DEATH PENALTY

OpenAIRE

Arroyo Zapatero, Luis; Papa Francisco; Carlés, Roberto Manuel; Mayor Zaragoza, Federico; Cuesta de la, José Luis

2016-01-01

El 20 de marzo de 2015 el Papa Francisco recibió en audiencia privada al presidente de la Comisión Internacional contra la Pena de Muerte Federico Mayor Zaragoza, a quien acompañaron la Secretaria General, Asunta Vivó y los profesores Roberto Carlés y Luis Arroyo Zapatero, fundadores de la Red Académica Internacional contra la Pena de muerte y, respectivamente, Secretario General de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Derecho penal y Criminología el primero y presidente de la Société Internat...

Concepções de adolescentes de dois contextos sociais sobre a pena de morte Adolescents' conceptions on death penalty from two social contexts

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriane da Silva Santos Barboza

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as concepções sobre a pena de morte de adolescentes de dois contextos sociais diferentes. Participaram da pesquisa 220 adolescentes do sexo masculino, sendo 100 estudantes e 120 adolescentes em situação de exclusão social. Foi aplicado um instrumento que continha, dentre outras, a seguinte questão "O que você acha da pena de morte? Por quê?". De um modo geral, os resultados revelaram o predomínio de respostas desfavoráveis à aplicação da pena de morte. Quando comparados os dois grupos de adolescentes, constatou-se que os estudantes se dividiram entre favoráveis e desfavoráveis à aplicação da pena de morte e os adolescentes em situação de exclusão mostraram-se predominantemente desfavoráveis. No que tange aos argumentos utilizados pelos participantes do presente estudo, a favor ou contra a pena de morte, nota-se que são concepções semelhantes aos que vêm sendo utilizadas no meio científico e filosófico e nos estudos empíricos.This study aimed to discover adolescents' conceptions on the death penalty from two different social contexts. About 220 male adolescents participated of this research, 100 students and 120 adolescents in social exclusion situation. An instrument was used which contained, among others, the following question: "What do you think about the death penalty? Why?" In general, results revealed the predominance of responses against the application of death penalty. When the two adolescent groups were compared, it was discovered that the students were divided in proponents and opponents to the application of death penalty, and the adolescents in exclusion situation demonstrated opposition to this issue. Concerning the arguments in favor or against the death penalty, those used by the participants of this study, it was highlighted that they were similar to scientific and philosophic conceptions and to empirical studies.

The reconstruction of a glacial lake outburst flood using HEC-RAS and its significance for future hazard assessments: an example from Lake 513 in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klimeš, Jan; Benešová, M.; Vilímek, V.; Bouška, P.; Rapre, A.C.

2014-01-01

Roč. 71, č. 3 (2014), s. 1617-1638 ISSN 0921-030X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : GLOFs * debris flow * natural hazard * HEC-RAS * Cordillera Blanca Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography Impact factor: 1.719, year: 2014

Keratinolytic bacteria isolated from feather waste Bactérias queratinolíticas isoladas de resíduos de penas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alessandro Riffel

2006-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to characterize keratinolytic bacteria isolated from feather waste. Four isolates were selected after growth on solid medium with feather meal as sole carbon and nitrogen source and screened for proteolytic activity on milk agar plates. Three isolates were Gram-negative (belonged to the genera Burkholderia, Chryseobacterium and Pseudomonas and one was Gram-positive (Microbacterium sp.. These bacteria grew on diverse keratin wastes such as feather meal, raw feathers, chicken nails, hair and wool. Keratinase activity was detected during growth, but the complete degradation of these substrates was not always achieved. The proteolytic character of crude enzymes was assessed using azokeratin and azocasein as substrates. The keratinases were active on both substrates and were similar in keratin hydrolysis when compared with commercially available microbial peptidases. These novel keratinolytic isolates have potential biotechnological use in processes involving keratin hydrolysis.O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar bactérias queratinolíticas isoladas resíduos de penas. Quatro isolados foram selecionados após crescimento em meio sólido contendo farinha de pena como única fonte de carbono e nitrogênio e avaliados quanto a atividade proteolítica em placas de ágar leite. Foram identificadas três linhagens Gram-negativas (pertencentes aos gêneros Burkholderia, Chryseobacterium e Pseudomonas e uma Gram-positiva (Microbacterium sp.. Estas bactérias cresceram em vários resíduos queratinosos como farinha de pena, penas de frango, unhas de frango, pelos e lã. A atividade queratinolítica foi observada durante crescimento, mas a degradação completa dos substratos não foi observada em todos os casos. O caráter proteolítico das enzimas foi determinado usando azoqueratina e azocaseína como substratos. As queratinases foram ativas em ambos substratos e apresentaram hidrólise de queratina comparável a peptidases

Pena de muerte en Colombia visión formal y visión real. Estudio de Caso: La masacre de El Salado

OpenAIRE

Carrillo Flórez, Mónica Julie

2013-01-01

Este trabajo final de grado evalúa la existencia de la pena de muerte en Colombia en su visión formal y real, a través del estudio de caso de la masacre de El Salado, en la cual las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia toman la justicia en sus manos ejecutando a más de 60 civiles. Inicialmente se hace una descripción de cómo se ha tratado el tema de la pena de muerte a lo largo de la historia, dando una breve apreciación de lo que representa y ha representado para la civilización occidental, así ...

Corrosion of Spent Nuclear Fuel: The Long-Term Assessment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewing, Rodney C.

2003-01-01

This research program is a broadly based effort to understand the long-term behavior of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and its alteration products in a geologic repository. We have established by experiments and field studies that natural uraninite, UO2+x, and its alteration products are excellent ''natural analogues'' for the study of the corrosion of UO2 in SNF. This on-going research program has addressed the following major issues: (1) What are the long-term corrosion products of natural UO2+x, uraninite, under oxidizing and reducing conditions? (2) What is the paragenesis or the reaction path for the phases that form during alteration? (3) What is the radionuclide content in the corrosion products as compared with the original UO2+x? Do the trace element contents substantiate models developed to predict radionuclide incorporation into the secondary phases? Are the corrosion products accurately predicted from geochemical codes (e.g., EQ3/6 or Geochemist's Workbench) that are used in performance assessments? Can these codes be tested by studies of natural analogue sites (e.g., Oklo, Cigar Lake or Pena Blanca)

Total fine root mass and nutrient content in forest ecosystems (Pinus patula Schltdl and Cham Cupressus lusitanica Mill and Quercus humboldtii bonpl.) from Piedras Blancas, Antioquia - Colombia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barreto Sanchez, Luis Hernan; Leon Pelaez, Juan Diego

2005-01-01

In the Piedras Blancas region, Antioquia - Colombia, a sampling of fine roots K > Mg > Fe > P this study sought to highlight the importance of fine roots and their concentrations of nutrients in natural forests and plantations and their relationship with nutrient cycling. For this purpose, the methodological approach comprised total root mass, both dead and alive

Rosa Blanca

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Gloria Lapeña-Gallego

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A través de la Memoria Histórica, la Historia con mayúsculas se ha convertido en una fuente inagotable para narrar grandes historias con minúscula. De manera paralela, el paso de una cultura eminentemente letrada a otra más visual con predominio de la imagen ha favorecido la progresiva incorporación en el ámbito educativo de fuentes procedentes de la cultura popular, cuyos autores se aproximan al hecho histórico desde una perspectiva más íntima y reflexiva. En el presente artículo se fundamenta el potencial del álbum ilustrado como fórmula narrativa complementaria al manual escolar o libro de texto de Historia, especialmente en el tratamiento de temas complejos y delicados, como el holocausto nazi. Además, se propone un modelo de análisis que tiene en cuenta las particularidades de este género artístico en la construcción de la historiografía por medio de la incorporación de imágenes que van más allá de ser una redundancia o aclaración del texto. Para el cumplimiento de ambos objetivos, una vez analizado la concepción actual de la narración histórica, se estudia en detalle el álbum Rosa Blanca, contextualizado en la ocupación nazi durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Preferencias de consumo de cuatro forrajes por venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) mantenidos en cautiverio en Yucatan

OpenAIRE

Israel Fernando Castillo-López; Rubén Cornelio Montes-Pérez; Carlos Eduardo Rodríguez-Molano

2011-01-01

El  venado cola blanca  (Odocoileus  virginianus.Zimmermann) es uno de los recursos silvestres y cinegéticos más  importantes  en México.  Sin embargo,  los estudios que existen sobre  su crianza en cautiverio son insuficientes para optimizar su producción. El objetivo planteado en este trabajo fue  evaluar  la  preferencia  relativa  de  cuatro forrajes,  comparar  el  consumo  ad  libitum  del forraje nativo preferido contra un pasto de corte, en venados cola blanca mantenidos en cautiverio...

The Downstream Fate of Glacial Runoff and Groundwater in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

McKenzie, J. M.; Gordon, R.; Chavez, D.; Maharaj, L.; Baraer, M.; Mark, B. G.; Lautz, L. K.

2013-12-01

Rapid glacier recession in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, is raising concerns about current and future water resources for the inhabitants of the Rio Santa watershed. Glacier meltwater buffers stream discharge throughout the range, reducing the variability of annual runoff and maintaining stream flows during the dry season. Groundwater is also an important component of dry season runoff as it can contribute as much as 50-70% to outflow in some Rio Santa tributaries. A better understanding of groundwater dynamics in high elevation watersheds is needed, including quantification of recharge, subsurface processes, and available storage. We present the results from recent groundwater studies in the Cordillera Blanca where numerous investigative techniques have been used, including ground penetrating radar, hydraulic conductivity measurements, tracer tests, and hydrochemical mixing models. Our research focuses primarily on the low-relief pampa valley floors across which glacial-melt derived rivers flow. Across the Cordillera, these valley systems cover approximately 65 km2 and are comprised of unconsolidated glacial, talus, and lacustrine deposits and wetlands. The valleys commonly have buried, permeable, talus aquifers that are overlain by relatively impermeable, glaciolacustrine deposits. Glaciofluvial outwash deposits also act as aquifers (hydraulic conductivity of 10-4 m/s). The travel time of water stored in these systems is generally less than 3-4 years and the maximum observed dry season groundwater velocity is 60 cm/day. While groundwater represents an important component of dry season water resources source of water in the Cordillera Blanca, it is also potentially vulnerable to climate change including changes in the precipitation regime and decrease in glacially derived recharge.

EFECTO DE LA TEMPERATURA Y VELOCIDAD DE LA LÍNEA DE COLGADO, EN EL PORCENTAJE DE PLUMA Y DESPIGMENTACIÓN DE AVES BLANCA Y CAMPESINA, DURANTE EL PROCESO DE ESCALDADO EFEITO DA TEMPERATURA E LINHA DE VELOCIDADE DE SUSPENSÃO DO PERCENTUAL DE PENA DE AVES E BRANCAS DESPIGMENTAÇÃO CAMPONESES DURANTE O PROCESSO ESCALDAGEM EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND SPEED OF THE HANGING LINE ON THE PERCENTAGE OF FEATHER AND DEPIGMENTATION OF WHITE AND PEN CHICKENS, DURING THE SCALDING PROCESS

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DEYANIRA MUÑOZ M

2011-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se reporta el efecto de la temperatura y velocidad de la línea de colgado, en el porcentaje de pluma y despigmentación de aves blanca y campesina, durante el proceso de escaldado. Los valores de operación de temperatura de escaldado y velocidad encontrados y acordes a los estándares de calidad reglamentados por el INVIMA, fueron para pollo blanco temperatura entre 54 a 58°C y velocidades de 110 a 130 unidades por minuto, mientras en campesino se obtuvieron temperaturas de 51 a 53°C y velocidad de 90 unidades por minuto. En estas condiciones en ambos tipos de pollo se generan menos del 10% de pluma, 1% de grados de sobre-escaldado y porcentajes de despigmentación inferiores al 26%.Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o efeito da temperatura e da velocidade da linha de suspensão, na percentagem de penas e despigmentação de aves brancas e camponesas, durante o procedimento de escaldado. Os resultados da temperatura de escaldado e da velocidade obtidos foram consistentes com os padrões de qualidade estabelecidos pelo INVIMA. A temperatura para o frango "branco" foi de 54-58°C e a velocidade de 110 a 130 unidades por minuto, enquanto que a temperatura para o frango "camponês" foi de 51 a 53°C e a velocidade de 90 unidades por minuto. Sob estas condições em ambos tipos de carne de frango são obtidos valores inferiores a 10 de penas, 1% de graus de sobre-escaldado e percentagens de despigmentação menores a 26%.This research aims at analyzing the effect of temperature and speed of the hanging line on the percentage of feather and depigmentation of white and pen chickens during the scalding process. The operation values of scalding temperature of and speed in accordance with the standards of quality stipulated by INVIMA, were 54 to 58°C and 110 to 130 units per minute for white chickens, and 51 to 53°C and 90 units per minute for pen chicken. Under these conditions, less than of 10% of feather, 1% of over scalding

Glacial lake outburst floods in the area of Huarás, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vilímek, V.; Zapata, M. L.; Klimeš, Jan

2005-01-01

Roč. 39, - (2005), s. 115-124 ISSN 0081-6434 Grant - others:GA MŠk(CZ) LA 157 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z30460519 Keywords : GLOFs * Cordillera Blanca * Peru Subject RIV: DC - Siesmology, Volcanology, Earth Structure

INITIAL TEST WELL CONDITIONING AT NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

R.D. Oliver; J.C. Dinsmoor; S.J. Goldstein; I. Reyes; R. De La Garza

2005-07-11

Three test wells, PB-1, PB-2, and PB-3, were drilled at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a natural analogue study to evaluate radionuclide transport processes during March-April 2003. The initial pumping to condition the wells was completed during December 2003. The PB-1 well, drilled immediately adjacent to the Nopal I ore body, was continuously cored to a depth of 250 m, terminating 20 m below the top of the measured water level. The PB-2 and PB-3 wells, which were drilled on opposite sides of PB-1 at a radial distance of approximately 40 to 50 m outside of the remaining projected ore body, were also drilled to about 20 m below the top of the measured water level. Each test well was completed with 4-inch (10.2-cm) diameter PVC casing with a slotted liner below the water table. Initial conditioning of all three wells using a submersible pump at low pump rates [less than 1 gallon (3.8 1) per minute] resulted in measurable draw down and recoveries. The greatest drawdown ({approx}15 m) was observed in PB-2, whereas only minor (<1 m) drawdown occurred in PB-3. For PB-1 and PB-2, the water turbidity decreased as the wells were pumped and the pH values decreased, indicating that the contamination from the drilling fluid was reduced as the wells were conditioned. Test wells PB-1 and PB-2 showed increased inflow after several borehole volumes of fluid were removed, but their inflow rates remained less that the pumping rate. Test well PB-3 showed the smallest drawdown and least change in pH and conductivity during initial pumping and quickest recovery with a rise in measured water level after conditioning. The 195 gallons (750 l) of water pumped from PB-3 during conditioning was discharged through a household sponge. That sponge showed measurable gamma radiation, which decayed to background values in less than 12 hours. Preliminary interpretations include filtration of a radioisotope source with a short half-life or of a radioisotope that volatized as the sponge

INITIAL TEST WELL CONDITIONING AT NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliver, R.D.; Dinsmoor, J.C.; Goldstein, S.J.; Reyes, I.; De La Garza, R.

2005-01-01

Three test wells, PB-1, PB-2, and PB-3, were drilled at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a natural analogue study to evaluate radionuclide transport processes during March-April 2003. The initial pumping to condition the wells was completed during December 2003. The PB-1 well, drilled immediately adjacent to the Nopal I ore body, was continuously cored to a depth of 250 m, terminating 20 m below the top of the measured water level. The PB-2 and PB-3 wells, which were drilled on opposite sides of PB-1 at a radial distance of approximately 40 to 50 m outside of the remaining projected ore body, were also drilled to about 20 m below the top of the measured water level. Each test well was completed with 4-inch (10.2-cm) diameter PVC casing with a slotted liner below the water table. Initial conditioning of all three wells using a submersible pump at low pump rates [less than 1 gallon (3.8 1) per minute] resulted in measurable draw down and recoveries. The greatest drawdown (∼15 m) was observed in PB-2, whereas only minor (<1 m) drawdown occurred in PB-3. For PB-1 and PB-2, the water turbidity decreased as the wells were pumped and the pH values decreased, indicating that the contamination from the drilling fluid was reduced as the wells were conditioned. Test wells PB-1 and PB-2 showed increased inflow after several borehole volumes of fluid were removed, but their inflow rates remained less that the pumping rate. Test well PB-3 showed the smallest drawdown and least change in pH and conductivity during initial pumping and quickest recovery with a rise in measured water level after conditioning. The 195 gallons (750 l) of water pumped from PB-3 during conditioning was discharged through a household sponge. That sponge showed measurable gamma radiation, which decayed to background values in less than 12 hours. Preliminary interpretations include filtration of a radioisotope source with a short half-life or of a radioisotope that volatized as the sponge dried

Proyecto de producción y comercialización de compota de zanahoria blanca en la ciudad de Guayaquil

OpenAIRE

Cedeño Cáceres, Karla Paola; Quimí Lino, Manuel Enrique; Rivera Flores, Stalin

2013-01-01

El proyecto a emprender se encuentra enfocado en la elaboración y producción de la compota de zanahoria blanca en la ciudad de Guayaquil, teniendo como materia prima la zanahoria blanca, que con sus propiedades nutritivas aún desconocida por muchos, esta cuenta con un gran valor nutricional el cual con nuestro proyecto pretendemos dar a conocer, de modo que podemos aprovechar la ventaja de que aún no existe en el mercado un producto con estas características. Este sería un prod...

Experiencia-modelo piloto de los talleres de seguridad vial, como alternativa a la pena privativa de libertad en los delitos contra la seguridad vial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabel Germán Mancebo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Algunos de los delitos contra la seguridad vial en España tienen asignada la pena de trabajos en beneficio de la comunidad (TBC. Y en la práctica se han percibido problemas en su implementación, entre otros motivos por el aumento de la comisión de los delitos de tránsito y la escasez de puestos de trabajo social para poder llevar a cabo los trabajos comunitarios. Tanto la reciente modificación del Código Penal, como de la normativa reguladora de esta sanción, permite desarrollar los TBC por medio de la realización de talleres. En este artículo se presenta la experiencia-modelo piloto de los talleres de seguridad vial que dan contenido a la pena de TBC, como alternativa a la pena privativa de libertad, lo que resulta de especial interés al ser una de las primeras experiencias de esta naturaleza en España. Para ello se describen los talleres desarrollados, mensualmente, durante el año 2010, a saber: su primer año de funcionamiento en la provincia de Gipuzkoa (España, detallando su estructura, dinámica y tareas -tanto formativas como de utilidad pública- que realizaron los penados. La implementación de estos talleres ha paliado las deficiencias percibidas en la aplicación de la pena de TBC, dotándola de contenido, y superando así las críticas a las que esta sanción se había visto expuesta. Los talleres de seguridad vial responden de forma efectiva al papel preventivo que se le ha otorgado a este tipo de sanciones en el ámbito de la seguridad vial.

Surface runoff fluxes of nutrients in montane forests in Piedras Blancas region, Antioquia (Colombia)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruiz Suescun, Oscar Andres; Acosta Jaramillo, Juan Jose; Leon Pelaez, Juan Diego

2005-01-01

In natural montane oak forests (Quercus humboldtii Bonpl.), pine (Pinus patula Schltdl and cham.) and cypress (Cupressus lusitanica Mill.) plantations in the region of Piedras Blancas, Antioquia, surface runoff flows (SRF) were measured over 16 months. Runoff was measured using 2 m wide x 10 m long runoff bounded plots, collector tanks and a volumetric counter system. Nutrient flows for the oak forest, pine and cypress plantations were, respectively: P total (0,51, 0,08 and 0,42 kg ha-y), Ca (0,13, 0,21 and 1,27 kg ha- y); Mg (0,07, 0,07 and 0,34 kg ha-y); K (0,89, 0,71 and 2,60 kg ha-y); Fe (0,04, 0,04 and 0,47 kg ha-y) and Mn (0,01, 0,01 and 0,08 kg ha-y)

Oxidative alteration of uraninite at the Nopal I deposit, Mexico: Possible contaminant transport and source term constraints for the proposed repository at Yucca Mountain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leslie, B.W.; Pearcy, E.C.; Prikryl, J.D.

1993-01-01

The Nopal I uranium deposit at Pena Blanca, Mexico is being studied as a natural analog of the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Identification of secondary uranium phases at Nopal I, and the sequence of their formation after uraninite oxidation, provides insight into the source term for uranium, and suggests that uranophane may control uranium release and transport in a silici, tuffaceous, chemically oxidizing, and hydrologically unsaturated environment. Possible constraints on contaminant transport at Nopal I are derived from the spatial distribution of uranium and from measurements of 238 U decay-series isotopes. The analyses indicate that flow of U-bearing fluids was influenced strongly by fracture density, but that the flow of these fluids was not restricted to fractures. Gamma spectroscopic measurements of 238 U decay-series isotopes indicates secular equilibrium, which suggests undetectable U transport under present conditions

Seasonal changes in reproductive activity, sperm variables and sperm freezability in Blanca Andaluza bucks

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lourdes Gallego-Calvo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Interest in the preservation of endangered breeds such as the Blanca Andaluza goat, has increased and some steps should be therefore taken to ensure it. The study was designed to determine the seasonal reproductive pattern of Blanca Andaluza bucks, and whether this affects the quality of their semen and its freezability over the year. Seven bucks were used and their body weight, testicular weight, plasma testosterone concentration and fresh sperm quality determined every week. The collected sperm was cryopreserved and stored; it was then thawed and the same sperm quality variables measured every fortnight. High plasma testosterone concentrations were recorded during the summer and autumn, and low concentrations were recorded during winter and spring (p<0.001. No differences were seen between seasons in terms of the percentage of bucks ejaculating, the percentage of active bucks, or ejaculate volume. However, the sperm concentration, the total number of sperm per ejaculate, and the values for most fresh sperm variables were lower during the winter period (at least p<0.05. After freezing-thawing, the quality of winter-collected sperm was better, in some respects, than that of summer-collected sperm (at least p<0.05. These results reveal that Blanca Andaluza bucks show seasonal reproductive activity in terms of their plasma testosterone concentration, but no clear change in their sexual behaviour between seasons was observed. The values of fresh sperm variables also vary over the year, reaching their lowest during winter. However, after freezing-thawing, winter-collected sperm is of overall better quality than sperm collected during the summer.

Seasonal changes in reproductive activity, sperm variables and sperm freezability in Blanca Andaluza bucks

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gallego-Calvo, L.; Gatica, M.C.; Santiago-Moreno, J.; Guzmán, J.L.; Zarazaga, L.

2015-07-01

Interest in the preservation of endangered breeds such as the Blanca Andaluza goat, has increased and some steps should be therefore taken to ensure it. The study was designed to determine the seasonal reproductive pattern of Blanca Andaluza bucks, and whether this affects the quality of their semen and its freezability over the year. Seven bucks were used and their body weight, testicular weight, plasma testosterone concentration and fresh sperm quality determined every week. The collected sperm was cryopreserved and stored; it was then thawed and the same sperm quality variables measured every fortnight. High plasma testosterone concentrations were recorded during the summer and autumn, and low concentrations were recorded during winter and spring (p<0.001). No differences were seen between seasons in terms of the percentage of bucks ejaculating, the percentage of active bucks, or ejaculate volume. However, the sperm concentration, the total number of sperm per ejaculate, and the values for most fresh sperm variables were lower during the winter period (at least p<0.05). After freezing-thawing, the quality of winter-collected sperm was better, in some respects, than that of summer-collected sperm (at least p<0.05). These results reveal that Blanca Andaluza bucks show seasonal reproductive activity in terms of their plasma testosterone concentration, but no clear change in their sexual behaviour between seasons was observed. The values of fresh sperm variables also vary over the year, reaching their lowest during winter. However, after freezing-thawing, winter-collected sperm is of overall better quality than sperm collected during the summer. (Author)

Remote Sensing Analysis of the Sierra Blanca (Faskin Ranch) Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Site, Hudspeth County, Texas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

LeMone, D. V.; Dodge, R.; Xie, H.; Langford, R. P.; Keller, G. R.

2002-01-01

Remote sensing images provide useful physical information, revealing such features as geological structure, vegetation, drainage patterns, and variations in consolidated and unconsolidated lithologies. That technology has been applied to the failed Sierra Blanca (Faskin Ranch) shallow burial low-level radioactive waste disposal site selected by the Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Authority. It has been re-examined using data from LANDSAT satellite series. The comparison of the earlier LANDSAT V (5/20/86) (30-m resolution) with the later new, higher resolution ETM imagery (10/23/99) LANDSAT VII data (15-m resolution) clearly shows the superiority of the LANDSAT VII data. The search for surficial indications of evidence of fatal flaws at the Sierra Blanca site utilizing was not successful, as it had been in the case of the earlier remote sensing analysis of the failed Fort Hancock site utilizing LANDSAT V data. The authors conclude that the tectonic activity at the Sierra Blanca site is much less recent and active than in the previously studied Fort Hancock site. The Sierra Blanca site failed primarily on the further needed documentation concerning a subsurface fault underneath the site and environmental justice issues. The presence of this fault was not revealed using the newer LANDSAT VII data. Despite this fact, it must be remembered that remote sensing provides baseline documentation for determining future physical and financial remediation responsibilities. On the basis of the two sites examined by LANDSAT remote sensing imaging, it is concluded that it is an essential, cost-effective tool that should be utilized not only in site examination but also in all nuclear-related facilities

Comparación entre mujeres blancas y negras víctimas de la violencia de pareja en el nordeste de Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nazaré Costa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los casos de mujeres blancas y negras víctimas de la violencia de pareja en el nordeste de Brasil, así como determinar las diferencias de abuso dentro del marco de una relación de pareja en función de diversas variables sociodemográficas. Una muestra de 386 mujeres (183 blancas y 203 negras con relación de pareja heterosexual desde hacía al menos seis meses contestó al Index of Spouse Abuse. Los resultados encontrados permiten concluir que las mujeres de raza negra sufren más abusos en su relación de pareja que las blancas, y que la edad, el nivel educativo, la ocupación, la práctica religiosa y la ideología política no se relacionan con la frecuencia de abuso físico y no físico.

Natural radioactivity in soils of the main cities of the State of Chihuahua; Radiactividad natural en suelos de las principales ciudades del Estado de Chihuahua

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Colmenero S, L.; Montero C, M.E.; Villalba, L. [CIMAV, Av. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra 120, 31109 Chihuahua (Mexico)]. e-mail: luis.colmenero@cimav.edu.mx

2003-07-01

The state of Chihuahua counts with at least 56 uranium zones or of minerals associated to this, being Pena Blanca the greatest and more important deposit of the country. Some of the main cities of the state are near to these deposits, as Aldama and Chihuahua. Its were took samples of soil of 11 cities of the state to determine the natural activity of radionuclides. It was determined the specific activity attributable to the parents of the series of {sup 238} U, {sup 232} Th, and of the {sup 40} K isotopes, as well as effective dose rate H{sub E} in the soil samples. It was used the high resolution gamma spectrometry of a high purity Ge detector in the laboratory of Environmental Radiological Surveillance of the CIMAV. The measure of the activity of the uranium series carries out by means of the lines of 351 KeV of the {sup 214} Pb and of 609 keV of the {sup 214} Bi, while the thorium series it was deduced of the lines of 238 keV of the {sup 212} Pb and of 912 keV of the {sup 228} Ac. Its were carried out copies and replies for the quality control. Its were found high values of specific activity of some radionuclides, in the near cities to uranium deposits like Aldama and Chihuahua. For the cities that are not near to deposits, as Ciudad Juarez and Ojinaga, the found values were normal. Also the effective dose rate was high for the near cities to deposits like Aldama, Bocoyna, Chihuahua, Jimenez and Nuevo Casas Grandes, it is also necessary to determine, the radon in air levels and of radionuclides in consumption water to obtain the dose that the population of those populations receives. (Author)

Acidic volcanic rock and its potential as an objective for uranium prospecting

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodriguez Torres, R.; Yza Dominguez, R.; Chavez Aguirre, R.; Constantino, H.E.S.E.

1976-01-01

The geographical distribution of recent Mexican volcanic rocks is continuous; the older formations are dispersed in isolated outcrops. Continental volcanic events, acidic and basal, took place in the Caenozoic, Mesozoic and Palaeozoic; basic submarine volcanism predominated in the Mesozoic, Palaeozoic and late Precambrian. Access to the Sierra Madre Occidental, a circum-Pacific mountain range covered by rhyolitic rocks, is limited, which restricts the sections studied. Calderas, sources of volcanic emission and preliminary litho-stratigraphic sections have been delimited on the eastern edge of the range. Subduction by the ocean magmatized the continent from the Permian onwards, extravasating and depositing cyclically various magmata through inverted and normal cortical throws. The Sierra Pena Blanca (Chihuahua) section consists of epiclastic and pyroclastic rocks. A calcareous conglomerate is overburdened by alternate basal tuffs and imbricates, forming five units. In the uraniferous district of the Sierra Pena Blanca the hydrothermal alteration argillitized both components of the ''Nopal'' formation. Primary minerals (pitchblende) are found together with silicification. Leaching favours secondary mineralization (uranium silicates) associated with opals. After extrapolation of the features, the following are considered worth-while objectives: the faces, offsets and prolongations of the Sierra Madre Occidental and the southern volcanic mesetas south of the Mexican Transcontinental Rift. Similar objectives of Mesozoic or Palaeozoic age exist in central and southern Mexico. Possible objectives for uranium are: the acidic volcanic rock of the southern and south-western United States of America, the circum-Pacific acidic volcanic rocks of North America and the acidic volcanic mesetas of Central America and in the Andes. (author)

Julgamento moral sobre pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal Moral judgments on death penalty and reduction of criminal majority

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilian Kelly de Sousa Galvão

2011-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi investigar o julgamento moral de estudantes do ensino médio e de licenciaturas sobre pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal. Para tanto, utilizou-se como suporte teórico e empírico a tipologia do desenvolvimento moral de Lawrence Kohlberg. Participaram deste estudo 200 estudantes que responderam, além de uma lista que solicitava informações de alguns dos seus dados biodemográficos, a questões relacionadas à pena de morte e à redução da maioridade penal. De um modo geral, os participantes opinaram favoravelmente pela pena de morte e pela redução da maioridade penal, e, em defesa de suas opiniões, utilizaram, sobretudo, argumentos típicos dos estágios hierarquicamente inferiores da tipologia kohlberguiana, havendo, contudo, algumas diferenças entre as respostas em função do grau de escolaridade. Esses resultados foram discutidos com base na teoria kohlberguiana e em estudos empíricos que tratam dos temas pena de morte e redução da maioridade penal.The aim of this study was to investigate the moral judgments of students of high school and degrees on the death penalty and the reduction of criminal majority. Thus, it was used to support the theoretical and empirical typology of moral development of Lawrence Kohlberg. The study included 200 students who responded, beyond a list that requested information from some of their bio-demographic data, questions related to death penalty and reduction of criminal majority. In general, participants opined in favor of the death penalty and the reduction of criminal majority, and in defense of their views, used mainly typical arguments hierarchically lower stages of the Kohlberg's typology there, however, some differences between the responses according to level of schooling. These results were discussed taking into consideration the Kohlberg's theory and empirical studies dealing with the issues of death penalty and reduction of criminal

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE PB-1 WELL, NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NA

2005-06-25

Three wells, PB-1, PB-2, and PB-3, were drilled in 2003 at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a natural analogue study to evaluate radionuclide transport processes. The wells penetrate through the Tertiary volcanic section down to the Cretaceous limestone basement, and intersect the top of the regional aquifer system. The PB-1 well, drilled immediately adjacent to the Nopal I ore body, was cored to a depth of 250 m, thus providing an opportunity to document the local stratigraphy. The uppermost unit encountered in the PB-1 well is the Nopal Formation, a densely welded, crystal-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section is highly altered and devitrified, with kaolinite, quartz, chlorite, and montmorillonite replacing feldspars and much of the groundmass. Breccia zones within the tuff contain fracture fillings of hematite, limonite, and goethite. A zone of intense clay alteration encountered in the depth interval 17.45-22.30 m was interpreted to represent the basal vitrophyre of this unit. Underlying the basal vitrophyre is the Coloradas Formation, which consists of a welded, lithic-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section of this unit has undergone devitrification and oxidation, and has a similar alteration mineralogy to that observed in the Nopal tuff. The Nopal I ore body is restricted to a brecciated zone that intersects these two volcanic units. A sharp contact between the Coloradas tuff and the underlying Pozos Formation was observed at a depth of 136.38 m. The Pozos Formation in the PB-1 core consists of interbedded, poorly sorted sandstone and conglomerate layers. The conglomeratic clasts consist of subangular to subrounded fragments of volcanic rocks, limestone, and chert. Thin (2-6 m) intervals of intercalated pumiceous tuffs were observed within this unit. The contact between the Pozos Formation and the underlying Cretaceous limestone basement was observed at a depth of 244.4 m.

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE PB-1 WELL, NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

Three wells, PB-1, PB-2, and PB-3, were drilled in 2003 at the Nopal I uranium deposit as part of a natural analogue study to evaluate radionuclide transport processes. The wells penetrate through the Tertiary volcanic section down to the Cretaceous limestone basement, and intersect the top of the regional aquifer system. The PB-1 well, drilled immediately adjacent to the Nopal I ore body, was cored to a depth of 250 m, thus providing an opportunity to document the local stratigraphy. The uppermost unit encountered in the PB-1 well is the Nopal Formation, a densely welded, crystal-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section is highly altered and devitrified, with kaolinite, quartz, chlorite, and montmorillonite replacing feldspars and much of the groundmass. Breccia zones within the tuff contain fracture fillings of hematite, limonite, and goethite. A zone of intense clay alteration encountered in the depth interval 17.45-22.30 m was interpreted to represent the basal vitrophyre of this unit. Underlying the basal vitrophyre is the Coloradas Formation, which consists of a welded, lithic-rich rhyolitic ash-flow tuff. The cored section of this unit has undergone devitrification and oxidation, and has a similar alteration mineralogy to that observed in the Nopal tuff. The Nopal I ore body is restricted to a brecciated zone that intersects these two volcanic units. A sharp contact between the Coloradas tuff and the underlying Pozos Formation was observed at a depth of 136.38 m. The Pozos Formation in the PB-1 core consists of interbedded, poorly sorted sandstone and conglomerate layers. The conglomeratic clasts consist of subangular to subrounded fragments of volcanic rocks, limestone, and chert. Thin (2-6 m) intervals of intercalated pumiceous tuffs were observed within this unit. The contact between the Pozos Formation and the underlying Cretaceous limestone basement was observed at a depth of 244.4 m

Assessing the variability of glacier lake bathymetries and potential peak discharge based on large-scale measurements in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Cochachin, Alejo; Huggel, Christian; Salazar, Cesar; Haeberli, Wilfried; Frey, Holger

2015-04-01

Over timescales of hundreds to thousands of years ice masses in mountains produced erosion in bedrock and subglacial sediment, including the formation of overdeepenings and large moraine dams that now serve as basins for glacial lakes. Satellite based studies found a total of 8355 glacial lakes in Peru, whereof 830 lakes were observed in the Cordillera Blanca. Some of them have caused major disasters due to glacial lake outburst floods in the past decades. On the other hand, in view of shrinking glaciers, changing water resources, and formation of new lakes, glacial lakes could have a function as water reservoirs in the future. Here we present unprecedented bathymetric studies of 124 glacial lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Huallanca, Huayhuash and Raura in the regions of Ancash, Huanuco and Lima. Measurements were carried out using a boat equipped with GPS, a total station and an echo sounder to measure the depth of the lakes. Autocad Civil 3D Land and ArcGIS were used to process the data and generate digital topographies of the lake bathymetries, and analyze parameters such as lake area, length and width, and depth and volume. Based on that, we calculated empirical equations for mean depth as related to (1) area, (2) maximum length, and (3) maximum width. We then applied these three equations to all 830 glacial lakes of the Cordillera Blanca to estimate their volumes. Eventually we used three relations from the literature to assess the peak discharge of potential lake outburst floods, based on lake volumes, resulting in 3 x 3 peak discharge estimates. In terms of lake topography and geomorphology results indicate that the maximum depth is located in the center part for bedrock lakes, and in the back part for lakes in moraine material. Best correlations are found for mean depth and maximum width, however, all three empirical relations show a large spread, reflecting the wide range of natural lake bathymetries. Volumes of the 124 lakes with bathymetries amount to 0

Integrating Multiple Geophysical Methods to Quantify Alpine Groundwater- Surface Water Interactions: Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Glas, R. L.; Lautz, L.; McKenzie, J. M.; Baker, E. A.; Somers, L. D.; Aubry-Wake, C.; Wigmore, O.; Mark, B. G.; Moucha, R.

2016-12-01

Groundwater- surface water interactions in alpine catchments are often poorly understood as groundwater and hydrologic data are difficult to acquire in these remote areas. The Cordillera Blanca of Peru is a region where dry-season water supply is increasingly stressed due to the accelerated melting of glaciers throughout the range, affecting millions of people country-wide. The alpine valleys of the Cordillera Blanca have shown potential for significant groundwater storage and discharge to valley streams, which could buffer the dry-season variability of streamflow throughout the watershed as glaciers continue to recede. Known as pampas, the clay-rich, low-relief valley bottoms are interfingered with talus deposits, providing a likely pathway for groundwater recharged at the valley edges to be stored and slowly released to the stream throughout the year by springs. Multiple geophysical methods were used to determine areas of groundwater recharge and discharge as well as aquifer geometry of the pampa system. Seismic refraction tomography, vertical electrical sounding (VES), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) seismic methods were used to determine the physical properties of the unconsolidated valley sediments, the depth to saturation, and the depth to bedrock for a representative section of the Quilcayhuanca Valley in the Cordillera Blanca. Depth to saturation and lithological boundaries were constrained by comparing geophysical results to continuous records of water levels and sediment core logs from a network of seven piezometers installed to depths of up to 6 m. Preliminary results show an average depth to bedrock for the study area of 25 m, which varies spatially along with water table depths across the valley. The conceptual model of groundwater flow and storage derived from these geophysical data will be used to inform future groundwater flow models of the area, allowing for the prediction of groundwater

Empirical downscaling of atmospheric key variables above a tropical glacier surface (Cordillera Blanca, Peru)

Science.gov (United States)

Hofer, M.; Kaser, G.; Mölg, T.; Juen, I.; Wagnon, P.

2009-04-01

Glaciers in the outer tropical Cordillera Blanca (Peru, South America) are of major socio-economic importance, since glacier runoff represents the primary water source during the dry season, when little or no rainfall occurs. Due to their location at high elevations, the glaciers moreover provide important information about climate change in the tropical troposphere, where measurements are sparse. This study targets the local reconstruction of air temperature, specific humidity and wind speed above the surface of an outer tropical glacier from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data as large scale predictors. Since a farther scope is to provide input data for process based glacier mass balance modelling, the reconstruction pursues a high temporal resolution. Hence an empirical downscaling scheme is developed, based on a few years' time series of hourly observations from automatic weather stations, located at the glacier Artesonraju and nearby moraines (Northern Cordillera Blanca). Principal component and multiple regression analyses are applied to define the appropriate spatial downscaling domain, suitable predictor variables, and the statistical transfer functions. The model performance is verified using an independent data set. The best predictors are lower tropospheric air temperature and specific humidity, at reanalysis model grid points that represent the Bolivian Altiplano, located in the South of the Cordillera Blanca. The developed downscaling model explaines a considerable portion (more than 60%) of the diurnal variance of air temperature and specific humidity at the moraine stations, and air temperature above the glacier surface. Specific humidity above the glacier surface, however, can be reconstructed well in the seasonal, but not in the required diurnal time resolution. Wind speed can only be poorly determined by the large scale predictors (r² lower than 0.3) at both sites. We assume a complex local interaction between valley and glacier wind system to be the main

Vascular plants and a brief history of the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands

Science.gov (United States)

Donald L. Hazlett; Michael H. Schiebout; Paulette L. Ford

2009-01-01

Administered by the USDA Forest Service, the Kiowa and Rita Blanca National Grasslands occupy 230,000 acres of public land extending from northeastern New Mexico into the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas. A mosaic of topographic features including canyons, plateaus, rolling grasslands and outcrops supports a diverse flora. Eight hundred twenty six (826) species of...

Potenciální nebezpečnost vybraných morénami hrazených jezer v pohoří Cordillera Blanca, Peru

OpenAIRE

Emmer, Adam

2013-01-01

Adam Emmer: Potential hazardousness of selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru ABSTRACT: This work is devided into the two parts. Firs part reviews contemporary methods of assessment of potential hazardousness for moraine-dammed lakes (eight qualitative methods and three quantitative methods). Second part has two main aims: 1) Assessment of potential hazardousness of seven selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, and 2) Analysis of suitability of these meth...

Landslide and glacial lake outburst flood hazard in the Chucchún river basin, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klimeš, Jan; Vilímek, V.; Benešová, M.

2015-01-01

Roč. 50, č. 2 (2015), s. 173-180 ISSN 0300-5402 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : landslide hazard * GLOFs * flood hazard * Cordillera Blanca * Peru Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography

Travestilidade como denúncia política: performatividade de gênero e panantillanismo em "Sirena Selena Vestida de Pena"

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Luana Barossi

2018-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: Este breve ensaio propõe uma leitura do romance Sirena Selena vestida de pena levando em consideração sua matéria política, encontrada no tema da travestilidade. Dessa maneira, serão abordadas duas possibilidades interpretativas sobre o caráter subversivo da narrativa: a diversidade de gênero, que desestabiliza a tradição patriarcal, heterossexista e cis-sexista da sociedade caribenha e a travestilidade como alegoria do Caribe, cujo foco está na denúncia de problemáticas econômicas e sociais. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Travestilidade, estudos de gênero, literatura caribenha. ________________________ ABSTRACT: This brief essay aims to analyze the novel Sirena Selena vestida de pena taking into consideration its political matter, found in the topic of travestility. We will approach two different interpretative possibilities about the subversive matter of the narrative: firstly, gender diversity, that destabilizes the patriarchal, heterosexist and cissexist Caribbean society tradition, and secondly, travestility as an allegory of the Caribbean, which focus on the denunciation of economic and social matters.  KEYWORDS: Travestility, gender studies, caribbean literature.

ESCORRENTÍA SUPERFICIAL EN BOSQUES MONTANOS NATURALES Y PLANTADOS DE PIEDRAS BLANCAS, ANTIOQUIA (COLOMBIA SURFACE RUNOFF IN NATURAL MONTANE FORESTS AND FOREST PLANTATIONS IN ANTIOQUIA, COLOMBIA

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Oscar Andrés Ruiz Suescún

2005-06-01

Full Text Available En bosques montanos naturales de roble (Quercus humboldtii Bonpl. y plantados de pino pátula (Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham. y ciprés (Cupressus lusitanica Mill. de la región de Piedras Blancas, Antioquia (Colombia, fueron medidos los flujos de escorrentía superficial (ES por un periodo de tiempo de 16 meses. Se implementaron parcelas cerradas de escorrentía superficial de 10 m de largo x 2 m de ancho, tanques colectores y sistemas de registro volumétrico. Los flujos fueron de 23,19 mm año-1 (1,07 % de la precipitación para la cobertura de roble; 35,13 mm año-1 (1,61 % de la precipitación para la cobertura de pino pátula y 230,64 mm año-1 (11,05 % de la precipitación para la cobertura de ciprés. Mediante análisis de componentes principales (ACP se identificaron las relaciones existentes entre las variables hidrológicas y los flujos de ES, y por medio de análisis de regresión lineal múltiple se ajustaron modelos para los flujos de ES por cobertura en función de la precipitación, la precipitación en el bosque y la intensidad de lluvia promedio, variables que mostraron alta relación con la ES según el ACP.In natural montane oak forests (Quercus humboldtii Bonpl., in pine (Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham. and cypress (Cupressus lusitanica Mill. plantations in Piedras Blancas, Antioquia (Colombia, surface runoff flows (SRF were measured over 16 months. Runoff was measured using 10 m long x 2 m wide runoff bounded plots, collector tanks and a volumetric counter system. SRF were 23,19 mm year -1 (1,07 % of rainfall for oak forest; 35,13 mm year -1 (1,61 % of rainfall for pine and 230,64 mm year-1 (11,05 % of rainfall for cypress plantations. Relationships between hydrological variables and SRF were identified by a principal components analysis (PCA. For each one of the stands, multiple regression analysis was used to fit models of SRF on rainfall, throughfall and mean intensity of rainfall, variables that, according to the PCA

La construcción televisiva de la identidad valenciana contemporánea: memoria y costumbrismo regionalista en l’Alqueria Blanca

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Àlvar Peris Blanes

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar de qué modo la ficción valenciana L’Alqueria Blanca, uno de los grandes fenómenos de la televisión pública autonómica de los últimos años, ha consolidado la “naturalización” de una identidad valenciana regionalista que, desde la Transición democrática, es aceptada por una mayoría social como la identidad colectiva preferente. Observaremos cómo la serie elabora un discurso memorístico sobre el pasado que entronca con el relato sobre la identidad valenciana surgido en el siglo XIX y lo lanza al presente, reforzando proyectos políticos e ideológicos concretos.Palabras clave: identidad valenciana, nacionalismo banal, ficción televisiva, Canal 9, memoria._______________________Abstract: This article aims to analyze how Valencian fiction L'Alqueria Blanca, one of the great phenomena of the regional public television in recent years, has naturalized a Valencian regionalist identity which, since the democratic Transition, is accepted by most as the preferred social collective identity. We’ll try to observe how the series develops a rote speech about the past that connects with the story of the Valencian identity emerged in the nineteenth century which has been thrown to the present, strengthening political and ideological concrete projects.Keywords: Valencian identity, banal nationalism, TV drama, Canal 9, memory.

Prevention of the bad dry of the malanga by treatment of natural, biological origin

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Michel Chamizo Nicao

2014-04-01

Full Text Available One of the most important causes of the decrease of yields in taro crops (Xanthosoma spp. isthe roots rot caused by soil fungi (Bad dry which it’s propagated by the agamic seed used as propagules. One of the most important measures to prevent it is the use of “in vitro” plants free of fungi. In this research was studied the incorporation of several natural and biological products in the plots employed to acclimatize the “invitro” plants. Were evaluated: Trichoderma harzianum, Chitosan, and lobster shell ( Panulirus argus (Latreilleand as control Mancozeb. The taro cultivars employed were Blanca INIVIT and Blanca Venegas, considerate as intermediated and susceptible respectively. Each plot was inoculated with propagules of Sclerotium rolsfii (Sacc.. In order to infer the action mechanism was conducted susceptible tests under “in vitro” conditions. The results showed that the most susceptible cultivar was Blanca Venegas. All treatments decrease the incidence of dry rot, among these. T. harzianum produced the highest effect, antagonist capacity and antagonist effect type. The Chitosan and the lobster shell do not showed antifungal direct effect and probably act for stimulation of the protein synthesis related with the pathogenesis or structural barrier of defense in natural conditions.

REGIONAL HYDROLOGY OF THE NOPAL 1 SITE, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

J.A. Rodriguez-Pineda; P. Goodell; P. Dobson; J. Walton; R. Olver; R. de la Garza; S. Harder

2005-10-01

The objectives of this report are: (1) Determine the main source of the groundwater (GW) found within the DOE wells (PB-1, PB-2, and PB-3); and (2) Determine whether the Nopal I GW has any relationship to the connectivity between the regional Encinillas Aquifer to the west and the El Cuervo Aquifer to the east.

“A quien perturbe el orden público le caerá el rigor de las penas, hasta la de muerte”. Aproximaciones al tratamiento de la pena capital en el Río de la Plata en la década de 1820.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Cecilia Guerra Orozco

2012-01-01

Full Text Available A finales de 1823, la Sala de Representantes de San Miguel de Tucumán, dispuso la aprobación del decreto de pena de muerte para el gobernador Bernabé Aráoz, exiliado en la vecina ciudad de Salta. El entonces presidente de la Sala, el Presbítero José Manuel Moure, acudió a la formación de una comisión de eclesiásticos integrada por Diego León Villafañe (Jesuita, Pedro Miguel Aráoz y José Agustín Molina, para que se expresaran sobre el tema. Es a partir de este caso particular que nos preguntamos a cerca de la discusión sobre la pena de muerte, tanto en ámbito laico como eclesiástico; y de que manera este acontecimiento nos revela algunos rasgos de la relación entre “lo político” y lo religioso después de la revolución. Nos interesa indagar sobre las herramientas teóricas y jurídicas con las que se contaba en la época, para promulgarse sobre la materia. Abordar la decisión de la aplicación de la pena de muerte –en este caso a Bernabé Aráoz- desde un aspecto político jurídico eclesiástico, partiendo del hecho de que es una comisión eclesiástica la que finalmente avala la decisión. El clero fue uno de los actores fundamentales dentro del entramado social colonial. Este rol principal sufrió algunas modificaciones a partir de mayo de 1810, cuando la revolución empezó a delinear una nueva forma de relación entre la Iglesia y los individuos que la componían, y los nuevos poderes emergentes. La revolución y los nuevos gobiernos comenzaron a apropiarse de espacios específicos del clero, como el púlpito, al tiempo que éstos participaban de espacios políticos cada vez más “públicos”.

“AUSENCIA DE PENA PARA LA DESOBEDIENCIA A UN AUTO DE SUSPENSIÓN DEL ACTO RECLAMADO”

OpenAIRE

Ortiz Adame, Raúl

2013-01-01

El tema fundamental de la presente investigación tiene como base el principio nullum crimen sine lege y nulla poena sine lege, que se contiene en los artículos 14 y 16 de la Constitución Federal, como garantía individual de los mexicanos, conforme al cual no puede haber delito sin ley, ni puede aplicarse pena alguna que no esté determinada en ésta, pero exactamente aplicable al delito de que se trate. Esto es, no puede castigarse a un individuo que ha incurrido en una conduc...

La pena en las consuetas indianas. Los concilios y la redacción de esas normas

OpenAIRE

Martinez, Ana Maria

2015-01-01

Las consuetas pertenecen al Derecho Canónico particular, por tratarse de normas que organizan el funcionamiento del Cabildo Eclesiástico en cada catedral, las que fueron reformuladas por diferentes obispos de acuerdo a las circunstancias locales. En el período colonial en América, tiempo y espacio al cual se ajusta este trabajo, su incumplimiento estuvo penado de diferentes maneras según el lugar y la época. La calidad de estas penas fue esencialmente correctiva y de efecto económico más que ...

Natural radioactivity in soils of the main cities of the State of Chihuahua

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colmenero S, L.; Montero C, M.E.; Villalba, L.

2003-01-01

The state of Chihuahua counts with at least 56 uranium zones or of minerals associated to this, being Pena Blanca the greatest and more important deposit of the country. Some of the main cities of the state are near to these deposits, as Aldama and Chihuahua. Its were took samples of soil of 11 cities of the state to determine the natural activity of radionuclides. It was determined the specific activity attributable to the parents of the series of 238 U, 232 Th, and of the 40 K isotopes, as well as effective dose rate H E in the soil samples. It was used the high resolution gamma spectrometry of a high purity Ge detector in the laboratory of Environmental Radiological Surveillance of the CIMAV. The measure of the activity of the uranium series carries out by means of the lines of 351 KeV of the 214 Pb and of 609 keV of the 214 Bi, while the thorium series it was deduced of the lines of 238 keV of the 212 Pb and of 912 keV of the 228 Ac. Its were carried out copies and replies for the quality control. Its were found high values of specific activity of some radionuclides, in the near cities to uranium deposits like Aldama and Chihuahua. For the cities that are not near to deposits, as Ciudad Juarez and Ojinaga, the found values were normal. Also the effective dose rate was high for the near cities to deposits like Aldama, Bocoyna, Chihuahua, Jimenez and Nuevo Casas Grandes, it is also necessary to determine, the radon in air levels and of radionuclides in consumption water to obtain the dose that the population of those populations receives. (Author)

El proceso de institucionalización de la música en Bahía Blanca : Una propuesta teórico-metodológica

OpenAIRE

Caubet, María Noelia

2016-01-01

La formación obtenida en el Conservatorio de Música y el cursado simultáneo del Profesorado y la Licenciatura en Historia en la Universidad Nacional del Sur, me generaron diversas inquietudes acerca de los procesos de conformación de los organismos de enseñanza e interpretación musical en Bahía Blanca, un tema poco explorado por la historiografía local. La tesina Músicos en Red. La creación del Conservatorio Provincial de Música en el proceso de institucionalización cultural de Bahía Blanca (...

Seismic Stratigraphy of Pleistocene Deltaic Deposits in Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina

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SALVADOR ALIOTTA

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina has a morphological configuration resulting from hydrological and sedimentary processes related to Late Quaternary sea level changes. This estuarine system occupies a large coastal plain with a dense net of tidal channels, low-altitude islands and large intertidal flats. Little is known about the sedimentary units of the marine subbottom. Therefore, a stratigraphical analysis of the northern coast of Bahía Blanca estuary was carried out using high resolution seismic (3.5 kHz in order to: i define Quaternary sequences, ii describe sedimentary structures, and iii determine the paleoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation. The seismic stratigraphic data collected and their correlation with drilling lithological data show five seismic sequences (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, of which S1-S2 were found to be associated with a continental paleoenvironment of Miocene-Pleistocene age. Sequences S3 and S4, whose lithology and seismic facies (paleochannel structures and prograding reflection configurations, were defined on these materials, to evidence the development of an ancient deltaic environment which was part of a large Pleistocene drainage system. The S5 sequence was formed during the Holocene transgressive-regressive process and complete the seismostratigraphic column defined in the present study.

Proglacial Groundwater Flux and Storage in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Chavez, D.; McKenzie, J. M.; Baraer, M.; Mark, B. G.

2012-12-01

As tropical glaciers continue to rapidly retreat in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, dry-season water resources are becoming more dependent on groundwater baseflow. Therefore, understanding the flux and storage of proglacial groundwater is necessary to forecast how groundwater storage can offset decreasing water resources. Recent studies of the Rio Santa Watershed, which drains the western slopes of the Cordillera Blanca, have identified that groundwater is the largest contributor to outflow from many watersheds during the dry season and that the flux of groundwater is temporarily available (clay to silt sized glaciolacustrine material at each drill site. This layer was typically less than 5 m in thickness and had a low hydraulic conductivity (clay layer were water bearing units of course material (either well-sorted sand/gravel or talus deposits) with an average hydraulic conductivity of 10-5 m/s. Additionally numerous discontinuous sand lenses and localized glaciofluvial gravel deposits were observed within the clay layer. The glaciolacustrine deposits behave as confining units that were capable of generating localized artesian conditions in the coarse grain units. The occurrence of the clay units adjacent to the main stream channels suggests that the flatness of the valley floors is not the result of river meander. The coarse grained units have the potential to act as important aquifers with significant groundwater storage and flow. Our preliminary findings indicate that the course grained units are important hydrogeological conduits with the ability to buffer low flow conditions in proglacial streams during the dry season. We present a new schematic model of how groundwater moves through these important proglacial environments, providing temporal storage of glacial meltwater and precipitation.

Review Article: Lake and breach hazard assessment for moraine-dammed lakes: an example from the Cordillera Blanca (Peru

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A. Emmer

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs and related debris flows represent a significant threat in high mountainous areas across the globe. It is necessary to quantify this threat so as to mitigate their catastrophic effects. Complete GLOF hazard assessment incorporates two phases: the probability of water release from a given glacial lake is estimated through lake and breach hazard assessment while the endangered areas are identified during downstream hazard assessment. This paper outlines a number of methods of lake and breach hazard assessment, which can be grouped into three categories: qualitative, of which we outline eight; semi-quantitative, of which we outline two; and quantitative, of which we outline three. It is considered that five groups of critical parameters are essential for an accurate regionally focused hazard assessment method for moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca. These comprise the possibility of dynamic slope movements into the lake, the possibility of a flood wave from a lake situated upstream, the possibility of dam rupture following a large earthquake, the size of the dam freeboard (or ratio of dam freeboard, and a distinction between natural dams and those with remedial work. It is shown that none of the summarised methods uses all these criteria with, at most, three of the five considered by the outlined methods. A number of these methods were used on six selected moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca: lakes Quitacocha, Checquiacocha, Palcacocha, Llaca, Rajucolta, and Tararhua. The results have been compared and show that each method has certain advantages and disadvantages when used in this region. These methods demonstrate that the most hazardous lake is Lake Palcacocha.

Evaluación de recursos hídricos de las sierras Blanca y Mijas (Málaga

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Vadillo, I.

1997-04-01

Full Text Available A water balance of Sierras Blanca and Mijas Hydrogeological Unit, the most important aquifer in the Costa del Sol, in the period 1990/91-1993/94, has been made. The recharge is produced by the infiltration of rain water with a total amount of 116.9 hmhm3/year/year: 60.2 hm3/year has been evapotranspirated, 56.7 hm3/year belongs to the useful rain (8 hm3/year as streamflow and 48.7 hm /year as infiltration. The discharge have been measured and gives a total amount of 62.2 hm3/year: 28.2 hm3/year by the springs and 34 hm3/year by the pumpings. The useful rain has been calculated with several methods (Turc, Coutagne, Kessler, chloride method and monthly and daily Thornwaite method -with field capacities of 25 and 50 mm-. The method that fits in a better way with the known volumes of recharge and discharge, for each one of the aquifer system and for the whole Blanca-Mijas Hydrogeological Unit, is the chloride method.Se ha realizado el balance de la Unidad Hidrogeológica Sierra Blanca-Sierra de Mijas, la más importante de la Costa del Sol, para la media del período 1990/911993/ 94. La precipitación media sobre la Unidad es de 116,9 hm3/año: 60,2 hm3/año se evapotranspiran y 56,7 hm3/año constituyen la lluvia útil (8 hm3/año de escorrentía y 48,7 hm3/año de infiltración eficaz. Las salidas controlables ascienden a 62,2 hm3/año: 28,2 hm3/año se descargan por manantiales y 34 hm3/año por bombeos. La lluvia útil se ha calculado mediante varios métodos (Turc, Coutagne, Kessler, balance de cloruros, Thornwhite diario y mensual -con capacidades de campo de 25 y 50 mm-. El método que más se adapta a los volúmenes conocidos de entradas y salidas, para cada uno de los sistemas acuíferos y para la Unidad Hidrogeológica BlancaMijas en su conjunto, es el balance de cloruros.

Informe de Amnesty Internacional. La pena de muerte en los Estados Unidos de América Una cuestión que atañe a los profesionales de la salud.

OpenAIRE

- Amnesty Internacional

1987-01-01

En los primeros nueve meses de 1986 fueron ejecutados dieciséis hombres en los EE.UU. Más de 1.700 reclusos están a la espera de la ejecución en 33 de los 37 Estados cuya legislación prevé la pena de muerte; algunos llevan hasta doce años en esta situación. A partir de la década de 1930, en que se dio la máxima frecuencia de la aplicación de la pena capital', hubo un descenso gradual de la misma hasta 1967, en que entró en vigor una moratoria para las ejecuciones, después de que se argumentar...

Mapping Glacier Dynamics and Proglacial Wetlands with a Multispectral UAV at 5000m in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Wigmore, O.; Mark, B. G.

2015-12-01

The glaciers of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru are rapidly retreating as a result of rising temperatures, transforming the hydrology and impacting the socio-economic and environmental systems of the Rio Santa basin. Documenting the heterogeneous spatial patterns of these changes to understand processes of water storage and flow is hindered by technologic and logistic challenges. Highly complex topography, cloud cover and coarse spatial resolution limit the application of satellite data while airborne data collection remains costly and potentially dangerous. However, recent developments have made Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology a viable and potentially transformative method for studying glacier dynamics and proglacial hydrology. The extreme altitudes (4000-6700m) of the Cordillera Blanca limit the use of 'off the shelf' UAVs. Therefore we developed a low cost multispectral (visible, near-infrared and thermal infrared) multirotor UAV capable of conducting fully autonomous aerial surveys at elevations over 5000m within the glacial valleys of the Cordillera Blanca. Using this platform we have completed repeat aerial surveys (in 2014 and 2015) of the debris covered Llaca Glacier, generating highly accurate 10-20cm DEM's and 5cm orthomosaics using a structure from motion workflow. Analysis of these data reveals a highly dynamic system with some areas of the glacier losing as much as 16m of vertical elevation, while other areas have gained up to 5m of elevation over one year. The magnitude and direction of these changes appears to be associated with the presence of debris free ice faces and meltwater ponds. Additionally, we have mapped proglacial meadow and wetland systems. Thermal mosaics at 10-20cm resolution are providing novel insights into the hydrologic pathways of glacier meltwater including mapping the distribution of artesian springs that feed these wetland systems. The high spatial resolution of these UAV datasets facilitates a better understanding of the

Archaeometric study of ceramic figurines from the Maya settlement of La Blanca (Petén, Guatemala)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horcajada, P.; Roldán, C.; Vidal, C.; Rodenas, I.; Carballo, J.; Murcia, S.; Juanes, D.

2014-01-01

In this article, analytical results will be presented and discussed regarding a selected set of figurines from the ancient Maya settlement of La Blanca in Petén, Guatemala. The objective is to characterize the ceramic material by two analytical complementary techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD) and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). The data obtained by means of both XRD and TXRF were compared and analyzed by multivariate statistical techniques in order to obtain sample groups according to their chemical composition. The results of this archaeometric study have been compared to those that have been obtained through macroscopic characterization by means of the traditional classification system know as Type-Variety. Discordances have been found between the clusters obtained by the Type-Variety classification system and the multivariate classification procedures performed on analytical data. - Highlights: • TXRF and XRD analysis are used in studies of Maya figurines from La Blanca settlement (Guatemala). • Multivariate classification procedures were performed on analytical data to identify figurine groups. • Clustering of analytical data is compared with the traditional Type-Variety classification system

Carrying capacity an approaching procedure to the economic value of natural patrimony

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blandon M, Luis; Ochoa S, German; Ospina N, Efren

2001-01-01

This study demonstrates a new alternative method for valorizing the natural heritage of various economically and environmentally important ecosystems. It was conducted in the Piedras Blancas, Antioquia watershed and considered the degree of conservation of the area and its capacity for supporting humans, by means of extractive economic activities. In this way the ecosystem itself provides a natural offer of goods and services and therefore a good approximation of its economic value

Spatial distribution of canine zoonotic enteroparasites in Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Luciano F La Sala

2015-03-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this research were: (1 to determine the occurrence of zoonotic enteroparasites in dog feces from Bahía Blanca, Argentina; (2 to characterize the spatial distribution of the parasites found in association with the quality of life index (QLI in neighborhoods of Bahía Blanca; and (3 to determine if the presence of a particular parasite genus in a stool sample was facilitated or impeded by the presence of other parasite genera. Samples of dog stools (n = 475 were collected between December 2012 and December 2013 in areas with varying QLI. The association between QLI values and the presence of parasites was analyzed using logistic regression. Overall enteroparasite occurrence was 36.6%. Parasitic forms found included nematode larvae, cysts of Blastocystis spp., Giardia spp., and oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp., and eggs of Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, cestodes and Trichuris spp. For certain enteroparasites, we detected significant associations between their occurrence and QLI. Feces collected in areas with medium and low QLI were 2.46 and 5.43 times more likely, respectively, to contain A. caninum than stools from the high-QLI area. Samples from areas with low QLI were 2.36 times more likely to contain Trichuris spp. than those from the high QLI area. Regarding protozoa, feces from areas with low QLI were 2.4 times more likely to be positive than those from areas with high QLI. We demonstrated that canine zoonotic parasites have a wide distribution in the study area, and that occurrence is higher in neighborhoods with lower QLI.

Cultivo de cachama blanca en altas densidades y en dos sistemas cerrados

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Germán Poleo

2011-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la tolerancia de la cachama blanca, Piaractus brachypomus, a cultivos en altas densidades en sistemas cerrados. Novecientos alevines de 44,3±26 g de peso, se distribuyeron en seis tanques de concreto, con 4,8 m³ de agua. Tres tanques presentaron cero recambio de agua (SCR, y en otros tres, el agua se hizo circular a través de un bioclarificador (SRA. Ambos tratamientos presentaron fuerte aireación para mantener los sólidos en suspensión y suministrar aire. Los peces se alimentaron a saciedad con pienso comercial por 192 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua como: oxígeno disuelto, amonio total, nitritos, nitratos, alcalinidad, dureza, temperatura y pH, se midieron semanalmente. Los peces en el SCR crecieron a una tasa de 2,34±0,05 g por día, y tuvieron conversión alimenticia de 1,5±0,06, densidad final de 12,96±0,53 kg m-3, y peso final de 449,5±99 g. En el SRA, los peces crecieron 2,33±0,03 g por día, con conversión alimenticia de 1,6±0,07, densidad final de 12,13±1,12 kg m-3, y peso final de 446,5±10 g. La cachama blanca puede ser cultivada en sistemas cerrados con cero recambio de agua en altas densidades.

Geomorphologically effective floods from moraine-dammed lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Emmer, Adam

2017-12-01

Outburst floods originating in moraine-dammed lakes represent a significant geomorphological process as well as a specific type of threat for local communities in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru (8.5°-10° S; 77°-78° W). An exceptional concentration of catastrophic floods has been reported from the Cordillera Blanca in the first half of 20th Century (1930s-1950s), leading to thousands of fatalities. The main objective of this paper is to provide a revised and comprehensive overview of geomorphologically effective floods in the area of interest, using various documentary data sources, verified by analysis of remotely sensed images (1948-2013) and enhanced by original field data. Verified events (n = 28; 4 not mentioned before) are analysed from the perspective of spatiotemporal distribution, pre-flood conditions, causes, mechanisms and geomorphological impacts as well as socioeconomical consequences, revealing certain patterns and similar features. GLOFs are further classified according to their magnitude: 5 extreme events, 8 major events and 15 minor events are distinguished, referring to the quantified geomorphological and socioeconomical impacts. Selected moraine dams and flood deposits are dated using lichenometric dating. Special attention is given to moraine dam breaches - the most frequent type of water release with the most significant consequences. Selected major events and their consequences are studied in detail in a separate section. Finally, a general schematic model of lake formation, growth and post-flood evolution reflecting initial topographical setting and glacier retreat is introduced and the utilization of the obtained results is outlined.

Major QTLs Control Resistance to Rice Hoja Blanca Virus and Its Vector Tagosodes orizicolus

Science.gov (United States)

Romero, Luz E.; Lozano, Ivan; Garavito, Andrea; Carabali, Silvio J.; Triana, Monica; Villareal, Natalia; Reyes, Luis; Duque, Myriam C.; Martinez, César P.; Calvert, Lee; Lorieux, Mathias

2013-01-01

Rice hoja blanca (white leaf) disease can cause severe yield losses in rice in the Americas. The disease is caused by the rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV), which is transmitted by the planthopper vector Tagosodes orizicolus. Because classical breeding schemes for this disease rely on expensive, time-consuming screenings, there is a need for alternatives such as marker-aided selection. The varieties Fedearroz 2000 and Fedearroz 50, which are resistant to RHBV and to the feeding damage caused by T. orizicolus, were crossed with the susceptible line WC366 to produce segregating F2:3 populations. The F3 families were scored for their resistance level to RHBV and T. orizicolus. The F2:3 lines of both crosses were genotyped using microsatellite markers. One major QTL on the short arm of chromosome 4 was identified for resistance to RHBV in the two populations. Two major QTL on chromosomes 5 and 7 were identified for resistance to T. orizicolus in the Fd2000 × WC366 and Fd50 × WC366 crosses, respectively. This comparative study using two distinct rice populations allowed for a better understanding of how the resistance to RHBV and its vector are controlled genetically. Simple marker-aided breeding schemes based on QTL information can be designed to improve rice germplasm to reduce losses caused by this important disease. PMID:24240781

Vegetation-derived insights on the mobilization and potential transport of radionuclides from the Nopal I natural analog site, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leslie, B.W.; Pickett, D.A.; Pearcy, E.C.

1999-01-01

The Nopal I uranium (U) deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico is a source term and contaminant transport natural analog to the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In an attempt to characterize the mobilization and potential transport of radionuclides in the unsaturated zone at the Nopal I deposit, vegetation growing on ore piles was analyzed for 238 U, 235 U, and 232 Th decay-series isotopes. Specimens of Phacelia robusta growing on high-grade piles of U ore were collected and analyzed by alpha autoradiography, and by alpha and gamma spectrometry. Activities for U, thorium (Th), and radium (Ra) isotopes (Bq/kg dried plant) were 300, 1,000, and 7,000 for 238 U, 230 Th, and 226 Ra, respectively. The 226 Ra activities in these specimens are among the highest ever measured for plants; furthermore, the plant-to-soil 226 Ra concentration ratio is higher than expected. These results demonstrate the large mobility and bio-availability of Ra in the Nopal I environment, and support previous indications of recent loss of 226 Ra from the ore body. Comparison between the activities of 238 U and 232 Th decay-chain Th isotopes in the plants and in the ore substrate indicate that relative mobilization into pore solutions of 228 Th > 230 Th > 232 Th, in a ratio of about 50--25:4:1, respectively. The similarity of the plant's 234 U/ 238 U activity ratio (∼1.2) to that of a caliche deposit that formed adjacent to the Nopal ore body around 54 ka suggests the 234 U/ 238 U activity ratio of U released from the ore is approximately 1.2. The U and 226 Ra isotope activities of the plants and ore substrate, and solubility considerations, are used to assess a source term model of the potential Yucca Mountain repository. These results suggest the use of a natural analog source term model in performance assessments may be non-conservative

Geology and petrography in basaltic rocks (Arapey formation) cropping out in road 30 between the Bella Union round point (27 km) and Penas cuesta (225 Km)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oyhantcabal, P.; Pineiro, G.

2007-01-01

This contribution presents a geological map of the basaltic flows of Arapey formation (Mezosoic) cropping out in Road 30 between the Bella Union round point (27 Km) and Pena s cuesta (225 Km) together with the description of the petrographic features of the different portions of the 20 recognized flow units

Relación masa-radio para estrellas enanas blancas y la interpretación de recientes mediciones hechas por Hipparcos

Science.gov (United States)

Panei, J. A.; Althaus, L. G.; Benvenuto, O. G.

Recientes mediciones de la masa y el radio hechas por Hipparcos de las estrellas enanas blancas 40 Eri B y Procyon B (Shipman, H. & Provencal, J. - ApJ. 1998, 494, 759), sugieren un núcleo compuesto de hierro para dichas estrellas, en lugar de carbono y oxígeno como predice la teoría standard de evolución estelar. Para interpretar estas observaciones, presentamos aquí, relaciones masa-radio para configuraciones degeneradas a temperatura finita para distintas composiciones químicas centrales. Para tal fin hemos calculado secuencias evolutivas de enanas blancas utilizando el código de evolución estelar, desarrollado en el Observatorio de La Plata. Dicho código resuelve las ecuaciones de estructura y evolución estelar mediante la técnica de relajación de Henyey, y esta basado en una descripción física muy detallada y actualizada.

Landslides in moraines as triggers of glacial lake outburst floods: example from Palcacocha Lake (Cordillera Blanca, Peru)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klimeš, Jan; Novotný, J.; Novotná, I.; Urries de, B.J.; Vilímek, V.; Emmer, Adam; Strozzi, T.; Kusák, Michal; Rapre, A.C.; Hartvich, Filip; Frey, H.

2016-01-01

Roč. 13, č. 6 (2016), s. 1461-1477 ISSN 1612-510X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 ; RVO:67179843 Keywords : landslides * moraines * glacial lakes * slope stability calculation * glacial lake outburst floods * impact wave models * Cordillera Blanca Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography; DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography (UEK-B) Impact factor: 3.657, year: 2016

La pena de muerte : un castigo inhumano y discriminatorio. El particular caso de los estados unidos de américa.

OpenAIRE

Borsa García, Giulia

2016-01-01

A parte de una muestra de la absoluta necesidad de eliminar un castigo tan cruel, inhumano e injusto, este trabajo es un modesto estudio sobre la discriminación de la pena de muerte en el sistema de justicia estadounidense, defendiendo su inconstitucionalidad respecto de las propias normas internas del país así como su contrariedad en cuanto a la protección internacional de los Derechos Humanos. Es una búsqueda de legislación y estudios pero sobre todo de jurisprudencia y precedentes donde se...

Texto y figuras preparatorios del Capítulo 11 (Tomo I) de la Histología del Sistema Nervioso de Cajal: [ESTRUCTURA DE LA SUBSTANCIA BLANCA DE LA MÉDULA].

OpenAIRE

Freire, Miguel

2007-01-01

[ESTRUCTURA DE LA SUBSTANCIA BLANCA DE LA MÉDULA]. Tubos nerviosos, [fibras sin mielina,] células neuróglicas y colaterales nerviosas. ─ Variedades de colaterales distinguidas por el área gris en que se terminan ─ Fibras nerviosas terminales. ─ Fascículos dislocados de la substancia blanca. [Ver: Freire, Miguel. Metodología usada en la presente edición. Metodología e historia de la edición en la correspondencia de Cajal. https://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/150245

El concepto de pena, ¿Un aspecto incontrovertido en su teoría?/The concept of penalty, do something uncontroversial in it’s theory?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Rodríguez Pérez De Agreda (Cuba

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Se elige el concepto de pena como el objeto de nuestro análisis. Sabemos que un estudio que pretenda abarcar toda la problemática que engloba este “pacífico” tema nos obligaría a comenzar por una concienzuda mirada al concepto en sí, a su papel en las ciencias, a su conformación, a su naturaleza particular (ciencias naturales o ciencias sociales, etcétera, pero una empresa tal rebasa las propuestas de un artículo, no obstante, en aras de la claridad en lo que abordamos, haremos giros puntuales al problema de los conceptos en sí. We choose the concept of penalty as the object of our analysis. Knowing that a study that tries to cover all the problems that includes this “peaceful” topic would force us to start with a thorough look at the concept itself, its role in science, to its formation, to its particular nature (natural sciences or social sciences, etc, but a company exceeds such proposals for an article, however, for the sake of clarity in what you are dealing with. We will make specific turns to the problem of the concepts themselves.

Spatial distribution of canine zoonotic enteroparasites in Bahía Blanca, Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

La Sala, Luciano F; Leiboff, Anastasia; Burgos, Julián M; Costamagna, Sixto R

2015-01-01

The objectives of this research were: (1) to determine the occurrence of zoonotic enteroparasites in dog feces from Bahía Blanca, Argentina; (2) to characterize the spatial distribution of the parasites found in association with the quality of life index (QLI) in neighborhoods of Bahía Blanca; and (3) to determine if the presence of a particular parasite genus in a stool sample was facilitated or impeded by the presence of other parasite genera. Samples of dog stools (n=475) were collected between December 2012 and December 2013 in areas with varying QLI. The association between QLI values and the presence of parasites was analyzed using logistic regression. Overall enteroparasite occurrence was 36.6%. Parasitic forms found included nematode larvae, cysts of Blastocystis spp., Giardia spp., and oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp., and eggs of Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, cestodes and Trichuris spp. For certain enteroparasites, we detected significant associations between their occurrence and QLI. Feces collected in areas with medium and low QLI were 2.46 and 5.43 times more likely, respectively, to contain A. caninum than stools from the high-QLI area. Samples from areas with low QLI were 2.36 times more likely to contain Trichuris spp. than those from the high QLI area. Regarding protozoa, feces from areas with low QLI were 2.4 times more likely to be positive than those from areas with high QLI. We demonstrated that canine zoonotic parasites have a wide distribution in the study area, and that occurrence is higher in neighborhoods with lower QLI. Copyright © 2014 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Grain size distribution of soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: An indicator of basic mechanical properties for slope stability evaluation

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Novotný, J.; Klimeš, Jan

2014-01-01

Roč. 11, č. 3 (2014), s. 563-577 ISSN 1672-6316 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : moraines * grain size distribution * shear strength * hydraulic conductivity * Cordillera Blanca Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography Impact factor: 0.963, year: 2014

Infiltration and Seepage Through Fractured Welded Tuff

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

T.A. Ghezzehei; P.F. Dobson; J.A. Rodriguez; P.J. Cook

2006-06-20

The Nopal I mine in Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico, contains a uranium ore deposit within fractured tuff. Previous mining activities exposed a level ground surface 8 m above an excavated mining adit. In this paper, we report results of ongoing research to understand and model percolation through the fractured tuff and seepage into a mined adit both of which are important processes for the performance of the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Travel of water plumes was modeled using one-dimensional numerical and analytical approaches. Most of the hydrologic properly estimates were calculated from mean fracture apertures and fracture density. Based on the modeling results, we presented constraints for the arrival time and temporal pattern of seepage at the adit.

Infiltration and Seepage Through Fractured Welded Tuff

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

T.A. Ghezzehei; P.F. Dobson; J.A. Rodriguez; P.J. Cook

2006-01-01

The Nopal I mine in Pena Blanca, Chihuahua, Mexico, contains a uranium ore deposit within fractured tuff. Previous mining activities exposed a level ground surface 8 m above an excavated mining adit. In this paper, we report results of ongoing research to understand and model percolation through the fractured tuff and seepage into a mined adit both of which are important processes for the performance of the proposed nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. Travel of water plumes was modeled using one-dimensional numerical and analytical approaches. Most of the hydrologic properly estimates were calculated from mean fracture apertures and fracture density. Based on the modeling results, we presented constraints for the arrival time and temporal pattern of seepage at the adit

Reinterpretation of the formation of the "crooked moraine" of the debris-covered Hatunraju Glacier (Cordillera Blanca, Perú)

Science.gov (United States)

Iturrizaga, L.

2012-04-01

The Hatunraju Glacier (9°00'S/70°40'W) is located in the Parón valley in the northern part of the Cordillera Blanca. The almost 4 km long and steeply inclined glacier flows down from the Huandoy-N-Side (6395 m) into the Parón valley to an elevation of 4250 m a.s.l.. The extremely narrow glacier is in its entire ablation area heavily debris-covered. It is one of the few glaciers, which dam with its debris-mantled glacier tongue a main river in this mountain range. In this case the Hatunraju glacier produces the largest glacier-dammed lake in the Cordillera Blanca, the Laguna Parón. In some other aspects, this glacier proves to be distinct from the majority of the glaciers in the Cordillera Blanca: It is flowing on an almost up to 250 m high moraine pedestal ("moraine-dammed raised bed glacier") and the glacier makes a bend of almost 90° when entering into the main valley. The present paper focuses in particular on the last point: the formation of the so called "crooked moraine". It has been explained by Lliboutry (1977) as a result of a glacier lake outburst and the subsequent destruction of the latero-frontal moraine. The later process supposed to be the trigger of the abrupt change in the flow direction of the lower part of the glacier. Recent investigations suggest an alternative genesis of the crooked moraine considering the distinct phases of the glaciation history of the Parón valley. The here proposed formation pattern is also paradigmatic for other crooked debris-covered glaciers, especially in High Asia. Comparative examples will be provided from the Karakoram and Himalayas. The research work on the Hatunraju Glacier is part of a project on the glacial geomorphology in the Tropical Andes financed by the Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation.

Argumentos racionales y bíblicos sobre la pena de muerte en la patrística

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hernán Giudice

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo estudia el tema de la obediencia a las autoridades civiles por parte del pensamiento cristiano de los primeros cinco siglos. Asimismo se considera el tema de la pena de muerte, la cual tendrá una valoración variada entre los autores patrísticos. Se constata que las opiniones extremas, a este respecto, no esgrimen una fundamentación bíblica, sino racional.This article examines the theme of obedience to the civil authorities on the part of Christian thought of the first five centuries. It also considers the issue of the death penalty, which receives a varying appreciation among the patristic authors. It is stated that, in this respect, the extreme opinions do not use a biblical foundation, but a rational one.

Glacier Changes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, Derived From SPOT5 Imagery, GIS and Field- Based Measurements

Science.gov (United States)

Racoviteanu, A.; Arnaud, Y.; Williams, M. W.; Singh Khalsa, S.

2007-12-01

There is urgency in deriving an extensive dataset for deriving glacier changes within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, in a cost-effective and timely manner. Rapid glacial retreat during the last decades in this area poses a threat for water resources, hydroelectric power and local traditions. While there is some information on decadal changes in glacier extents, there still remains a paucity of mass balance measurements and glacier parameters such as hypsometry, size distribution and termini elevations. Here we investigate decadal changes in glacier parameters for Cordillera Blanca of Peru using data from Système Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) sensor, an old glacier inventory from 1970 aerial photography, field-based mass balance measurements and meteorological observations. Here we focus on: constructing a geospatial glacier inventory from 2003 SPOT scenes; mass balance estimations using remote sensing and field data; frequency distribution of glacier area; changes in termini elevations; hypsometry changes over time; glacier topography (slope, aspect, length/width ratio); AAR vs. mass balance for Artesonraju and Yanamarey benchmark glaciers; precipitation and temperature trends in the region. Over the last 25 years, mean temperatures increases of 0.09 deg.C/yr were greater at lower elevation than the 0.01 deg.C/yr at higher elevations, with little change in precipitation. Comparison of the new SPOT-based glacier inventory with the 1970 inventory shows that glaciers in Cordillera Blanca retreated at a rate of 0.6% per year over the last three decades, with no significant differences in the rate of area loss between E and W side. At lower elevations there is an upward shift of glacier termini along with a decrease in glacier area. Small glaciers are losing more area than large glaciers. Based on the relationship between specific mass balance (bn) and accumulation area ratio (AAR) for the two benchmark glaciers, we predicted a steady-state equilibrium line

Geomorphology and natural hazards of the selected glacial valleys, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Klimeš, Jan

2012-01-01

Roč. 47, č. 2 (2012), s. 25-31 ISSN 0300-5402 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z30460519 Keywords : geomorphologic map * natural hazards * glacial lakes Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography http://web.natur.cuni.cz/ksgrrsek/acta/2012/Geographica_2_2012_Klimes.pdf

Vegetation-derived insights on the mobilization and potential transport of radionuclides from the Nopal I natural analog site, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leslie, B.W.; Pickett, D.A.; Pearcy, E.C.

1999-07-01

The Nopal I uranium (U) deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico is a source term and contaminant transport natural analog to the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. In an attempt to characterize the mobilization and potential transport of radionuclides in the unsaturated zone at the Nopal I deposit, vegetation growing on ore piles was analyzed for {sup 238}U, {sup 235}U, and {sup 232}Th decay-series isotopes. Specimens of Phacelia robusta growing on high-grade piles of U ore were collected and analyzed by alpha autoradiography, and by alpha and gamma spectrometry. Activities for U, thorium (Th), and radium (Ra) isotopes (Bq/kg dried plant) were 300, 1,000, and 7,000 for {sup 238}U, {sup 230}Th, and {sup 226}Ra, respectively. The {sup 226}Ra activities in these specimens are among the highest ever measured for plants; furthermore, the plant-to-soil {sup 226}Ra concentration ratio is higher than expected. These results demonstrate the large mobility and bio-availability of Ra in the Nopal I environment, and support previous indications of recent loss of {sup 226}Ra from the ore body. Comparison between the activities of {sup 238}U and {sup 232}Th decay-chain Th isotopes in the plants and in the ore substrate indicate that relative mobilization into pore solutions of {sup 228}Th > {sup 230}Th > {sup 232}Th, in a ratio of about 50--25:4:1, respectively. The similarity of the plant's {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U activity ratio ({approximately}1.2) to that of a caliche deposit that formed adjacent to the Nopal ore body around 54 ka suggests the {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U activity ratio of U released from the ore is approximately 1.2. The U and {sup 226}Ra isotope activities of the plants and ore substrate, and solubility considerations, are used to assess a source term model of the potential Yucca Mountain repository. These results suggest the use of a natural analog source term model in performance assessments may be non-conservative.

ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LOS COMPUESTOS VOLÁTILES DE TRES VARIEDADES DE GUAYABA BLANCA (Psidium guajava L. DURANTE SU MADURACIÓN

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Johanna Cantillo

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Regional Blanca (RB y Ráquira (RQ. Seutilizó el método Headspace-Microextracciónen Fase Sólida (HS-MEFS paracomparar los perfiles olfativos de tres variedadesde guayaba blanca de la regiónde la hoya del río Suárez (Santander, Colombiadurante tres etapas de maduración(verde, pintón y maduro. En las tresvariedades se presentó un comportamientosimilar, los aldehídos C-6 (hexanal,(Z-3-hexenal y (E-2-hexenal responsablesde la nota verde disminuyen durantela maduración, mientras que el contenidode ésteres (acetato de hexilo y acetato de(Z-3-hexenilo aumenta produciéndoselas notas dulce y frutal características dela fruta madura. Los compuestos ácidos,furánicos y alcoholes se observan en bajasproporciones durante las tres etapas.El análisis de los compuestos volátilesmediante HS-MEFS permitió estableceruna relación entre la transformación decompuestos aldehídos C6, responsablesde la nota verde, en ésteres análogos, alos cuales se les atribuye la nota frutalcaracterística durante el proceso demaduración.

Distribution, vertical position and ecological implications of shallow gas in Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina)

Science.gov (United States)

Bravo, M. E.; Aliotta, S.; Fiori, S.; Ginsberg, S.

2018-03-01

There has been a growing interest in the study of shallow gas due its importance in relation to the marine environment, climate change and human activities. In Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina, shallow gas has a wide distribution. Acoustic turbidity and blanking are the main seismic evidence for the presence of shallow gas in the estuary. The former prevails in the inner sector of the estuary where gas is either near or in contact with the seabed. Gas deposits are generally associated with paleochannels corresponding to the Holocene paleodeltaic environment. Distribution studies of shallow gas in this estuary are necessary because its presence implies not only a geological risk for harbor activities but also because it may have noxious effects on the marine ecosystem, mainly on benthic communities. The comparison of benthic communities at a gas site (GS) with those at a control site (CS) indicated that gas could generate impoverishment in terms of individuals' abundance (GS: N = 357; CS: N = 724). Also, diversity indices showed great differences in the community structure at each site. This indicates that methane gas may act as a natural disturbance agent in estuarine ecosystems. The presence of gas in seabed sediments must therefore be taken into account when distribution studies are conducted of estuarine benthic communities.

[Drunk driving in professional drivers in the Vía Blanca highway in Cuba].

Science.gov (United States)

Guanche Garcell, Humberto; Suárez Enríquez, Tomás; Gutiérrez García, Francisco; Martínez Quesada, Carlos; Mendoza Pérez, Ramón

2006-01-01

To determine the frequency of drunk driving in professional drivers (Via Blanca, Havana City), we carried out a descriptive study of 832 drivers selected by multistage stratified sampling. A structured interview with each driver was carried out to record the variables under study, and a breath alcohol test was subsequently performed. The frequency of drunk driving was 8.18% (95% CI, 5.94%-10.42%), with a predominance of drivers with alcohol levelsDrunk driving was more frequent in "high risk" hours, in drivers aged between 40 and 49 years old (10.3%), and in those with 15 to 24 years of experience (11.02%). The frequency of drunk driving found in this study highlights the need to design traffic accident prevention strategies.

La voix de la raison e de la tolérance: O problema histórico da pena de morte e sua suspensão universal anunciada pela Assembléia Geral das Nações Unidas

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Raphael Spode

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O tema do presente artigo é a pena de morte, uma questão polêmica que possui diversas faces. Desse modo buscar-se-á analisar essa questão sob diversos prismas, interrelacionando-os.

Use of three joints as predictors of carcass and body fat depots in Blanca Celtibérica goats

OpenAIRE

Teixeira, A.; Delfa, R.; González, C.; Gosalvez, L.F.; Tor, M.

1995-01-01

Nineteen adult goats of the Blanca Celtibérica breed - in non productive stage - from the experimental flock of Servicio de Investigación Agraria (Diputación General de Aragón) were scored using the lumbar, breast and tail palpation. Sternal triangle joint, lumbar square jointt a ailn tdha t were handled to assess body condition scores were dissected into muscle, bone subcutaneous fat and intermuscular fat. Regression analyses were developed for predicting carcass and body fat dep...

Estudio farmacognóstico de ocimum basilicum l. (albahaca blanca

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Ester Sánchez Govín

2000-12-01

Full Text Available Ocimum basilicum L. (albahaca blanca es una de las plantas aromáticas que se clasifican por la composición química de su aceite. Se investigó la variedad lactucaefolium que posee propiedades antisépticas, antiinflamatorias y antiespasmódicas. Se determinaron los índices numéricos en esta especie y se estandarizó el perfil cromatográfico a partir de su aceite esencial. El estudio de conservación muestra que el tiempo óptimo de almacenamiento en frasco de vidrio y sobres de polietileno es de 10 meses.Ocimum basilicum L. (white sweet basil is one of the aromatic plants that is classified according to the chemical composition of its oil. The lactucaefolium variety that has antiseptic, antiinflammatory and antispasmodic properties was investigated. The numerical indexes were determined in this species and the chromatographic profile was standardized starting from its essential oil. The conservation study shows that the optimum time of storage in glass flasks and polyethylene bags is of l0 months.

El Archivo del Centro Socialista “Agustín de Arrieta” de Bahía Blanca

OpenAIRE

Cabezas, Gonzalo Ezequiel

2013-01-01

El presente artículo se centra en el análisis de la documentación albergada por el Centro Socialista “Agustín de Arrieta” de Bahía Blanca. En primer lugar, se reconstruye brevemente el derrotero histórico de la biblioteca y del archivo del partido, derrotero íntimamente relacionado con los vaivenes, principalmente políticos, que afectaron al socialismo argentino. En segundo término, se hace una descripción general del tipo de documentación que contiene el archivo, señalando potenciales usos y...

Measurements of light absorbing particulates on the glaciers in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Schmitt, C. G.; All, J. D.; Schwarz, J. P.; Arnott, W. P.; Cole, R. J.; Lapham, E.; Celestian, A.

2014-10-01

Glaciers in the tropical Andes have been rapidly losing mass since the 1970s. In addition to the documented increase in air temperature, increases in light absorbing particulates deposited on glaciers could be contributing to the observed glacier loss. Here we report on measurements of light absorbing particulates sampled from glaciers during three surveys in the Cordillera Blanca in Peru. During three research expeditions in the dry seasons (May-August) of 2011, 2012 and 2013, two hundred and forty snow samples were collected from fifteen mountain peaks over altitudes ranging from 4800 to nearly 6800 m. Several mountains were sampled each of the three expeditions and some mountains were sampled multiple times during the same expedition. Collected snow samples were melted and filtered in the field then later analyzed using the Light Absorption Heating Method (LAHM), a new technique that measures the ability of particulates on filters to absorb visible light. LAHM results have been calibrated using filters with known amounts of fullerene soot, a common industrial surrogate for black carbon (BC). As sample filters often contain dust in addition to BC, results are presented in terms of effective Black Carbon (eBC). During the 2013 survey, snow samples were collected and kept frozen for analysis with a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). Calculated eBC mass from the filter analysis and the SP2 refractory Black Carbon (rBC) results were well correlated (r2 = 0.92). These results indicate that a substantial portion of the light absorbing particulates in the more polluted areas were likely BC. The three years of data show that glaciers in the Cordillera Blanca Mountains close to human population centers have substantially higher levels of eBC (as high as 70 ng g-1) than remote glaciers (as low as 2.0 ng g-1 eBC), indicating that population centers can influence local glaciers by sourcing BC.

Measurements of light-absorbing particles on the glaciers in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Schmitt, C. G.; All, J. D.; Schwarz, J. P.; Arnott, W. P.; Cole, R. J.; Lapham, E.; Celestian, A.

2015-02-01

Glaciers in the tropical Andes have been rapidly losing mass since the 1970s. In addition to the documented increase in temperature, increases in light-absorbing particles deposited on glaciers could be contributing to the observed glacier loss. Here we report on measurements of light-absorbing particles sampled from glaciers during three surveys in the Cordillera Blanca Mountains in Peru. During three research expeditions in the dry seasons (May-August) of 2011, 2012 and 2013, 240 snow samples were collected from 15 mountain peaks over altitudes ranging from 4800 to nearly 6800 m. Several mountains were sampled each of the 3 years and some mountains were sampled multiple times during the same year. Collected snow samples were melted and filtered in the field then later analyzed using the Light Absorption Heating Method (LAHM), a new technique that measures the ability of particles on filters to absorb visible light. LAHM results have been calibrated using filters with known amounts of fullerene soot, a common industrial surrogate for black carbon (BC). As sample filters often contain dust in addition to BC, results are presented in terms of effective black carbon (eBC). During the 2013 survey, snow samples were collected and kept frozen for analysis with a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). Calculated eBC mass from the LAHM analysis and the SP2 refractory black carbon (rBC) results were well correlated (r2 = 0.92). These results indicate that a substantial portion of the light-absorbing particles in the more polluted regions were likely BC. The 3 years of data show that glaciers in the Cordillera Blanca Mountains close to human population centers have substantially higher levels of eBC (as high as 70 ng g-1) than remote glaciers (as low as 2.0 ng g-1 eBC), indicating that population centers can influence local glaciers by sourcing BC.

FUTURE STUDIES AT PENA BLANCA: RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION IN THE VADOSE ZONE OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

P. Goodell; J. Walton; P.J. Rodriguez

2005-07-11

The pathway to the accessible environment at Yucca Mountain contains volcanic rocks and alluvial fill. Transport properties in alluvial fill, specifically retardation and dispersivity, may be significant in determining the overall performance of the repository. Prior relevant studies, with the exception of the Nye County Tracer Test, are almost entirely in bedrock material. The proposed study will provide field data on radionuclide migration in alluvial material. High grade uranium ore was mined at the Nopal I deposit. This mined ore (60,000 tons) was moved in 1994 to its present site as open piles on an alluvial fan in the Boquilla Colorada Microbasin. Precipitation is approximately 20 cm/year, and has caused migration of radionuclides into the subsurface. We propose partial removal of an ore pile, excavation into the alluvial fan, sampling, and determination of radionuclide mobilities from the uranium decay chain. The proposed research would be taking advantage of a unique opportunity with a known time frame for migration.

FUTURE STUDIES AT PENA BLANCA: RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION IN THE VADOSE ZONE OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goodell, P.; Walton, J.; Rodriguez, P.J.

2005-01-01

The pathway to the accessible environment at Yucca Mountain contains volcanic rocks and alluvial fill. Transport properties in alluvial fill, specifically retardation and dispersivity, may be significant in determining the overall performance of the repository. Prior relevant studies, with the exception of the Nye County Tracer Test, are almost entirely in bedrock material. The proposed study will provide field data on radionuclide migration in alluvial material. High grade uranium ore was mined at the Nopal I deposit. This mined ore (60,000 tons) was moved in 1994 to its present site as open piles on an alluvial fan in the Boquilla Colorada Microbasin. Precipitation is approximately 20 cm/year, and has caused migration of radionuclides into the subsurface. We propose partial removal of an ore pile, excavation into the alluvial fan, sampling, and determination of radionuclide mobilities from the uranium decay chain. The proposed research would be taking advantage of a unique opportunity with a known time frame for migration

Quaternary Slip History for the Agua Blanca Fault, northern Baja California, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Gold, P. O.; Behr, W. M.; Rockwell, T. K.; Fletcher, J. M.

2017-12-01

The Agua Blanca Fault (ABF) is the primary structure accommodating San Andreas-related right-lateral slip across the Peninsular Ranges of northern Baja California. Activity on this fault influences offshore faults that parallel the Pacific coast from Ensenada to Los Angeles and is a potential threat to communities in northern Mexico and southern California. We present a detailed Quaternary slip history for the ABF, including new quantitative constraints on geologic slip rates, slip-per-event, the timing of most recent earthquake, and the earthquake recurrence interval. Cosmogenic 10Be exposure dating of clasts from offset fluvial geomorphic surfaces at 2 sites located along the western, and most active, section of the ABF yield preliminary slip rate estimates of 2-4 mm/yr and 3 mm/yr since 20 ka and 2 ka, respectively. Fault zone geomorphology preserved at the younger site provides evidence for right-lateral surface displacements measuring 2.5 m in the past two ruptures. Luminescence dating of an offset alluvial fan at a third site is in progress, but is expected to yield a slip rate relevant to the past 10 kyr. Adjacent to this third site, we excavated 2 paleoseismic trenches across a sag pond formed by a right step in the fault. Preliminary radiocarbon dates indicate that the 4 surface ruptures identified in the trenches occurred in the past 6 kyr, although additional dating should clarify earthquake timing and the mid-Holocene to present earthquake recurrence interval, as well as the likely date of the most recent earthquake. Our new slip rate estimates are somewhat lower than, but comparable within error to, previous geologic estimates based on soil morphology and geodetic estimates from GPS, but the new record of surface ruptures exposed in the trenches is the most complete and comprehensively dated earthquake history yet determined for this fault. Together with new and existing mapping of tectonically generated geomorphology along the ABF, our constraints

Detección molecular y análisis filogenético de Hepatozoon canis (Eucoccidiorida: Haemogregarinidae en perros clínicamente sanos de Bahía Blanca (Buenos Aires

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CICUTTIN GL

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Las enfermedades caninas causadas por protozoarios y transmitidas por garrapatas representan un importante problema en medicina veterinaria. El objetivo del estudio fue detectar molecularmente Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. y Theileria spp. en perros clínicamente sanos de distintas regiones de Argentina y analizar la diversidad genética de los hallazgos obtenidos. Se analizaron 163 muestras de ADN de sangre de perros (40 de Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; 33 de Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires; 15 de Castelli, Chaco; 27 de Salsipuedes, Córdoba; 40 de Merlo, San Luis; y 8 de San Miguel, Corrientes. Mediante una PCR que amplifica un fragmento variable (460-540 pb del gen ARNr 18S incluyendo la región V4 de los géneros Hepatozoon, Babesia y Theileria, el 12,1 % (4/33 de los perros de Bahía Blanca (Buenos Aires resultaron positivos. Las secuencias obtenidas se identificaron como Hepatozoon canis y resultaron filogenéticamente similares a hallazgos en Sudamérica y en el resto del mundo. El estudio de H. canis en Argentina mediante técnicas moleculares de diagnóstico junto con el análisis filogenético resulta de suma importancia para conocer la situación de este patógeno en el país. SUMMARY. Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of Hepatozoon canis (Eucoccidiorida: Haemogregarinidae infecting healthy dogs from Bahia Blanca (Buenos Aires. Tick-borne protozoan canine diseases represent a major problem in veterinary medicine. The aim of the study was to detect molecularly Hepatozoon spp., Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in clinically healthy dogs from different regions of Argentina and to analyze the genetic diversity of the findings. DNAs extracted from 163 blood samples from dogs (40 from Buenos Aires city; 33 from Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires; 15 from Castelli, Chaco; 27 from Salsipuedes, Córdoba; 40 from Merlo, San Luis; and 8 of San Miguel, Corrientes were studied by PCR amplifying a variable fragment (460-540 bp of the 18S r

Consejos de Guerra: la interminable espera de un condenado a pena de muerte en las cárceles franquistas

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Julián CHAVES PALACIOS

2009-08-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Los estudios publicados sobre las cárceles en zona franquista durante la Guerra Civil se ocupan, por lo general, de contenidos como el número de presos y prisiones, es decir, aspectos cuantitativos, pero no suelen incidir en las vicisitudes del recluso. En este trabajo se profundiza, gracias a la consulta de la correspondencia que mantuvo un preso condenado a pena de muerte con su familia, esa faceta. Se parte para ello de la base jurídica que condenó al recluso objeto de análisis: el Código de Justicia Militar, y más concretamente su vertiente procesal: los consejos de guerra, para después adentrarnos en el intrincado mundo del reo en espera de sentencia y el demoledor efecto psicológico que provocó en él saber que estaba condenado a última pena. La movilización familiar en busca de influencias que le conmuten esa condena y el abandono de su sentir republicano a favor de Franco no fueron suficientes para salvar su vida.ABSTRACT: The studies published on the jails in pro-Franco zone during the civil war take care, generally, of contents like the number of prisoners and prisons, that is to say, quantitative aspects, but usually do not affect the vicissitudes of the inmate. In this work it is deepened, thanks to the consultation of the correspondence that maintained a prisoner condemned to capital punishment with its family, that facet. Part for it of the legal base that condemned the secluded object of analysis: the Code of Military Justice, and more concretely its procedural slope: the advice military, later to enter in the intrincate world of the criminal awaiting sentence and the demolishing psychological effect to us that caused in him to know that it was condemned last pain. The familiar mobilization in search of influences that exchange that sentence to him and the abandonment of his to feel republican in favor of Franc was not sufficient to save their life.

Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte: uma trama entre a memória social e a literatura

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Marcos Teixeira de Souza

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte, escrito em 1877, por José do Patrocínio, rememora o caso real do último enforcamento no Brasil, o do fazendeiro Motta Coqueiro, suposto mandante de um violento crime ocorrido no norte fluminense em 1852, controverso até a presente data, contra uma família de agregados, que vivia nas terras do citado fazendeiro. Porém, não restrito ao evento trágico, o romancista leva perspicazmente o leitor para uma narrativa, que ressalta o drama dos negros, dos agregados e do fazendeiro na estrutura colonial; que desnuda os critérios de cor e classe social no Brasil colônia; que evidencia o papel da Memória como uma ferramenta manipulável, ativa e estratégica nas relações sociais.

La mujer en el subsector del alojamiento: el caso de la Costa Blanca (Alicante, España)

OpenAIRE

Sigüenza, María Carmen

2011-01-01

El artículo se acerca, desde la perspectiva de género, al mercado laboral general, y al relacionado con el alojamiento en particular, en la Costa Blanca (España). Dentro de la empresa hotelera, se centra en su organigrama y la integración por género de los diferentes departamentos que lo componen; también se analizará la integración horizontal y vertical, teniendo en cuenta la posición de las mujeres en los puestos operativos, intermedios y directivos. Este artículo propone el estudio de una ...

Soil-water retention curve and beginning of monitoring in Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chavez, Jose A.; Lopez, Reynaldo; Kopecky, Lubomir; Landaverde, Jose

2013-01-01

The areas covered by the Tierra Blanca Joven volcanic tephra (TBJ) have suffered hillside movements, liquefaction and erosion causing important environmental, social and economic losses during the rainy season or when earthquakes occur in El Salvador. Suction values of a TBJ drop unit were obtained with the pressure cooker, centrifuge and filter paper to construct the Soil-Water Retention Curve to initiate the characterization of these partially saturated soils. The use of this curve in finite element programs has helped to know the shear stresses and permeability. The filter paper has proved to be a practical method but it is necessary to use the pressure cooker as it becomes saturated. Field tests with tensiometer (suction) and TMS3 (humidity) have been carried out to propose field methodology for an early warning system for hillsides, which can help urban planning and risk studies. (author)

Water Resources and Groundwater in a Glaciated Andean Watershed (Cordillera Blanca, Peru)

Science.gov (United States)

McKenzie, J. M.; Gordon, R.; Baraer, M.; Lautz, L.; Mark, B. G.; Wigmore, O.; Chavez, D.; Aubry-Wake, C.

2014-12-01

It is estimated that almost 400 million people live in watersheds where glaciers provide at least 10% of the runoff, yet many questions remain regarding the impact of climate change and glacier recession on water resources derived from these high mountain watersheds. We present research from the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, an area with the highest density of glaciers in the tropics. While glacier meltwater buffers stream discharge throughout the range, groundwater is a major component of dry season runoff, contributing up to 50-70% of outflow in some tributaries. In order to predict future changes to water resources it is critical to understand how groundwater can offset future hydrologic stress by maintaining stream baseflow, including recharge mechanisms, subsurface pathways, storage, and net fluxes to rivers. We present a synthesis of results based on hydrologic modeling, drilling/piezometers, geophysics, and artificial and natural hydrologic tracers. Our findings show that 'pampas', low-relief mountain valleys, are critical for baseflow generation by storing groundwater on interannual timescales. Pampas have a total area of ~65 km2 and are comprised of unconsolidated glacial, talus, lacustrine and wetland (bofedales) deposits. The valleys commonly have buried talus aquifers that are overlain by low permeability, glaciolacustrine deposits. Glaciofluvial outwash deposits and small wetlands also act as unconfined aquifers. These groundwater systems appear to be primarily recharged by wet season precipitation, and at higher elevations also by glacial meltwater. Additionally a ubiquitous feature in the valleys are springs, often located at the base of talus deposits, which generate a large hydrologic flux within the hydrologic systems. While glaciers are the most visible and vulnerable component of the Andean waterscape, we argue that it is crucial to understand the complete mountain hydrologic cycle, including groundwater, in order to understand the ongoing

Proglacial Hydrogeology of the Cordillera Blanca (Peru): Integrating Field Observations with Hydrogeophysical Inversions to Inform Groundwater Flow Simulations and Conceptual Models

Science.gov (United States)

Glas, R. L.; Lautz, L.; McKenzie, J. M.; Moucha, R.; Mark, B. G.

2017-12-01

Geological and depositional conditions of the glaciated Cordillera Blanca in Peru have given way to proglacial aquifer systems that contribute substantially to regional streams and rivers, particularly during the dry season. As glacial retreat accelerates, the dry season water budget will be increasingly dominated by groundwater inputs, although predictions of future groundwater quantities require estimations of groundwater storage capacity, aquifer extents, and groundwater residence time. We present a characterization of the sediment structure in a prototypical proglacial valley in the central portion of the range, the Quilcayhuanca Valley. Northern and Central valleys of the Cordillera Blanca feature ubiquitous talus deposits that line the steep granite walls, and have become partially buried beneath lacustrine sediments deposited in proglacial lake beds. The portion of the talus still exposed near the valley walls provides recharge to deeper portions of the valley aquifers that underlie lacustrine clay, resulting in a confined aquifer system that is connected to the surface via perennial springs. Seismic refraction surveys reveal an interface separating relatively slow ( 400-800 m/s) and fast ( 2500 m/s) p-wave velocities. The depth of this refractor coincides with the depth to buried talus observed in drilling records. Electrical resistivity tomography profiles of the same transect show depths near the buried talus to be relatively conductive (10-100 Ωm). At these depths, we hypothesize that electrical conductance is elevated by saturated clay particles in the sediment matrix of the talus deposit. The resistivity models all show a more resistive ( 700 Ω m) region at depth, likely corresponding to a more hydraulically conductive material. The resistive zone is interpreted to be a deeper portion of a buried talus deposit that did not accumulate clay in the matrix. Other possibilities include a thick deposit of gravelly glacial outwash, or a relatively clay

Geologic Mapping in Nogal Peak Quadrangle: Geochemistry, Intrusive Relations and Mineralization in the Sierra Blanca Igneous Complex, New Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Goff, F.; Kelley, S. A.; Lawrence, J. R.; Cikowski, C. T.; Krier, D. J.; Goff, C. J.; McLemore, V. T.

2011-12-01

Nogal Peak quadrangle is located in the northern Sierra Blanca Igneous Complex (SBIC) and contains most of the White Mountain Wilderness (geologic map is available at http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/maps/geologic/ofgm/details.cfml?Volume=134). The geology of the quad consists of a late Eocene to Oligocene volcanic pile (Sierra Blanca Volcanics, mostly alkali basalt to trachyte) intruded by a multitude of dikes, plugs and three stocks: Rialto, 31.4 Ma (mostly syenite), Three Rivers, ca. 29 to 27 Ma (quartz syenite intruded by subordinate alkali granite), and Bonito Lake, 26.6 Ma (mostly monzonite). Three Rivers stock is partially surrounded by alkali rhyolites that geochemically resemble the alkali granites. The circular shape of the stock and surrounding rhyolites suggests they form the root of a probable caldera. SBIC rocks have compositions typical of those found within the Rocky Mountain alkaline belt and those associated with continental rift zone magmatism. Because the volcanic host rocks are deeply eroded, intrusive relations with the stocks are well exposed. Most contacts at stock margins are near vertical. Roof pendants are common near some contacts and stoped blocks up to 700 m long are found within the Three Rivers stock. Contacts, pendants and stoped blocks generally display some combination of hornfelsing, brecciation, fracturing, faulting and mineralization. Sierra Blanca Volcanics display hydrothermal alteration increasing from argillic in the NW sector of the quad to high-temperature porpylitic near stock margins. Retrograde phyllic alteration occurs within breccia pipes and portions of the stocks. Mineral deposits consist of four types: Placer Au, fissure veins (mostly Ag-Pb-Zn±Au), breccia pipes (Au-Mo-Cu), and porphyry Mo-Cu. A singular pipe on the SW margin of Bonito Lake stock contains sapphire-lazulite-alunite. Although Au has been intermittently mined in the quad since 1865, best production of Au originated around the turn of the last

New geologic slip rates for the Agua Blanca Fault, northern Baja California, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Gold, P. O.; Behr, W. M.; Fletcher, J. M.; Hinojosa-Corona, A.; Rockwell, T. K.

2015-12-01

Within the southern San Andreas transform plate boundary system, relatively little is known regarding active faulting in northern Baja California, Mexico, or offshore along the Inner Continental Borderland. The inner offshore system appears to be fed from the south by the Agua Blanca Fault (ABF), which strikes northwest across the Peninsular Ranges of northern Baja California. Therefore, the geologic slip rate for the ABF also provides a minimum slip rate estimate for the offshore system, which is connected to the north to faults in the Los Angeles region. Previous studies along the ABF determined slip rates of ~4-6 mm/yr (~10% of relative plate motion). However, these rates relied on imprecise age estimates and offset geomorphic features of a type that require these rates to be interpreted as minima, allowing for the possibility that the slip rate for the ABF may be greater. Although seismically quiescent, the surface trace of the ABF clearly reflects Holocene activity, and given its connectivity with the offshore fault system, more quantitative slip rates for the ABF are needed to better understand earthquake hazard for both US and Mexican coastal populations. Using newly acquired airborne LiDAR, we have mapped primary and secondary fault strands along the segmented western 70 km of the ABF. Minimal development has left the geomorphic record of surface slip remarkably well preserved, and we have identified abundant evidence meter to km scale right-lateral displacement, including new Late Quaternary slip rate sites. We verified potential reconstructions at each site during summer 2015 fieldwork, and selected an initial group of three high potential slip rate sites for detailed mapping and geochronologic analyses. Offset landforms, including fluvial terrace risers, alluvial fans, and incised channel fill deposits, record displacements of ~5-80 m, and based on minimal soil development, none appear older than early Holocene. To quantitatively constrain landform ages

Fatty acid composition of muscle and adipose tissues of organic and conventional Blanca Andaluza suckling kids

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F. De la Vega

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Interest in the preservation of autochthonous breeds such as the Blanca Andaluza goat (meat breed, raised under grazing-based management, has recently increased among Spanish farmers. A study of the possibilities of transformation to organic production needs to analyze the quality of their products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid (FA composition of muscle and adipose tissues of Blanca Andaluza goat kids under organic and conventional grazing–based management system. Twenty-four twin kids (12 males, 12 females were selected from each system. The FA profile was determined in the longissimus thoracis muscle, kidney and pelvic fat. The percentages of C17:0, C17:1, C20:1, C20:4 n-6, C22:2 and several n-3 FAs were higher in organic meat; C12:0, C18:1 trans-11, CLA and C20:5 n-3 were lower in organic meat. The fat depots from the conventional kids showed lower percentages of C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C17:0, C17:1, C18:3 n-3 and atherogenicity index, and higher percentage of C18:0. In the pelvic fat, the conventional kids displayed lower percentages of C16:0, C18:2 n-6 cis, PUFA, n-3 and n-6 FAs, and greater percentages of C18:1 n-9 cis and MUFA. The conventional kids displayed a major n6:n3 ratio in the kidney fat. No gender differences were observed. Significant differences were found only in some FA percentages of muscle and adipose tissues of suckling kids raised in organic and conventional livestock production systems, and due to this reason conventional grazing–based management farms could easily be transformed into organic production.

The role of the smooth cordgrass Spartina alterniflora and associated sediments in the heavy metal biogeochemical cycle within Bahia Blanca estuary salt marshes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hempel, M. [Dept. of Environmental Process Engineering, International Graduate School Zittau, Zittau (Germany); Botte, S.E. [Area de Oceanografia Quimica, Inst. Argentino de Oceanografia (IADO), CCT-CONICET, Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Dept. de Biologia, Bioquimica y Farmacia (DBBF), Univ. Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Negrin, V.L.; Chiarello, M.N. [Area de Oceanografia Quimica, Inst. Argentino de Oceanografia (IADO), CCT-CONICET, Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Marcovecchio, J.E. [Area de Oceanografia Quimica, Inst. Argentino de Oceanografia (IADO), CCT-CONICET, Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Facultad Regional Bahia Blanca (UTN-FRBB), Univ. Tecnologica Nacional, Bahia Blanca (Argentina); Univ. FASTA, Mar del Plata (Argentina)

2008-10-15

Background, aim, and scope Bahia Blanca estuary is characterized by the occurrence of large intertidal areas, including both naked tidal flats and salt marshes densely vegetated with Spartina alterniflora. The estuary is strongly affected by human activities, including industrial and municipal discharges, harbor maintenance, cargo vessels and boat navigation, oil storage and processing, etc. Even numerous studies have reported the occurrence and distribution of heavy metals in sediments and biota from this estuary, although the function of the halophyte vegetation on metals distribution was at present not studied. The main objective of the present study was to understand the potential role of the salt marshes as a sink or source of metals to the estuary, considering both the obtained data on metal levels within sediments and plants from the studied areas at naked tidal as well as vegetated flats. Conclusions and recommendations Considering the comments on the previous paragraphs, salt marshes from Bahia Blanca estuary are sources or sinks for metals? It can be sustained that both are the case, even if it is often stated that wetlands serve as sinks for pollutants, reducing contamination of surrounding ecosystems (Weis and Weis, Environ Int 30:685-700, 2004). In the present study case, the sediments (which tend to be anoxic and reduced) act as sinks, while the salt marshes can become a source of metal contaminants. This is very important for this system because the macrophytes have been shown to retain the majority of metals in the underground tissues, and particularly in their associated sediments. This fact agreed well with previous reports, such as that from Leendertse et al., (Environ Pollut 94:19-29, 1996) who found that about 50% of the absorbed metals were retained in salt marshes and 50% was exported. Thus, keeping in mind the large spreading of S. alterniflora salt marshes within Bahia Blanca estuary, it must be carefully considered as a redistributor of

Soil-water retention curve and beginning of monitoring in Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chavez, Jose; Lopez, Reynaldo; Kopecky, Lubomir; Landaverde, Jose

2013-01-01

The areas covered by the volcanic tephras Tierra Blanca Joven (TBJ) in El Salvador, was suffered mass movements, liquefaction and erosion during the rainy season or when major earthquakes occur, causing important environmental, social and economic losses. A pressure plate, centrifuge and filter paper were used to build a Soil-Water Retention Curve, obtain the characterization of these unsaturated soil, suction values of the fall unit of TBJ. The use of this curve into finite elements software can help to acquire shear strength and permeability properties. The filter paper showed to be a practical method but close to saturation the pressure plate is needed.Scatter results were observed with the centrifuge. The Quickdraw tensiometre (suction) and TMS3 (soil moisture content) are being used in field test to proposed a field methodology for an early warning system for the slopes, that could help in urban planning and risk assessment. (author)

Evidence for Multiple Late Quaternary Glaciations in the Southernmost Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, J. A.; Rodbell, D. T.; Ramage, J. M.

2007-12-01

Surface-exposure dating with in-situ-produced cosmogenic isotopes has provided the basis for a growing framework of glacial chronologies in the tropical Andes. In the Peruvian Andes, long chronologies (>400 ka) with relatively small local last glacial maximum (LLGM) advances have been reported for the central Cordillera Blanca (ca. 9°30'S) and Junin Plain (11°00'S), whereas preliminary data suggest a shorter record (<40 ka) in the intervening Cordillera Huayhuash (10°15'S). These seemingly contradictory findings raise several questions: Was the LLGM a relatively minor event in the Peruvian Andes, far exceeded by bigger, older advances? Which combination of geographic and geomorphic factors increases the likelihood that evidence of older advances will be preserved? With these questions in mind, we sought a site with both high peaks and a high-altitude plateau. The glaciated Nevado Jeulla Rajo massif (10°00'S, 77°16'W, peaks ca. 5600 masl) marks the southern end of the Cordillera Blanca and the Callejon de Huaylas valley in the central Peruvian Andes. The Conococha Plain (ca. 4050 masl) borders the western side of the massif. Large lateral moraines extend onto the Conococha Plain from the west-facing valleys and multiple moraine loops lie upvalley, closer to active ice margins. Surface-exposure dating (10Be) indicates that the largest lateral moraines from Jeullesh Valley are compound features deposited during the LLGM (ca. 30 ka) and a late-glacial readvance (ca. 16 ka). The LLGM/late-glacial moraines cross-cut an older pair of lateral moraines (ca. 70 ka) that may provide evidence for a smaller advance during marine isotope stage 4. Although the LLGM/late-glacial moraines are impressively large (ca. 150 m high), they do not represent the maximum ice extent in the region. Fluvial outwash deposits beyond the termini of the moraines on the Conococha Plain are underlain by lodgement till that is up to 20 m thick and extends ca. 6 km across the width of the Plain

La educación de las mujeres en dos novelas peruanas del siglo XIX : Herencia y Blanca Sol

OpenAIRE

Bustamante Oliva, Lita Giannina

2015-01-01

Esta investigación describe la situación de la educación de las mujeres peruanas de la élite limeña a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Analizando los aspectos educativos presentados en las novelas Herencia y Blanca Sol, de Clorinda Matto de Turner y Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera respectivamente, se explican e interpretan las características de la educación que se ofrecía a niñas y jóvenes en la capital del Perú. Por un lado, los colegios privados de la época presentaban tanto un curr...

Eficiencia del transporte urbano de pasajeros en la localidad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina 2007-2014

OpenAIRE

Viego, Valentina; Universidad Nacional del Sur; Volonté, Carolina; Universidad Nacional del Sur,

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar la eficiencia en la prestación del servicio de transporte urbano por colectivo en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Las estimaciones se realizaron mediante la aplicación del método de frontera estocástica a una función de producción con datos de panel para el período 2007-2014. Los resultados indican que el nivel medio de eficiencia no varió significativamente durante el período analizado. Asimismo, las transferencias monetarias y la concentración d...

Empirical-statistical downscaling of reanalysis data to high-resolution air temperature and specific humidity above a glacier surface (Cordillera Blanca, Peru)

Science.gov (United States)

Hofer, Marlis; MöLg, Thomas; Marzeion, Ben; Kaser, Georg

2010-06-01

Recently initiated observation networks in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) provide temporally high-resolution, yet short-term, atmospheric data. The aim of this study is to extend the existing time series into the past. We present an empirical-statistical downscaling (ESD) model that links 6-hourly National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis data to air temperature and specific humidity, measured at the tropical glacier Artesonraju (northern Cordillera Blanca). The ESD modeling procedure includes combined empirical orthogonal function and multiple regression analyses and a double cross-validation scheme for model evaluation. Apart from the selection of predictor fields, the modeling procedure is automated and does not include subjective choices. We assess the ESD model sensitivity to the predictor choice using both single-field and mixed-field predictors. Statistical transfer functions are derived individually for different months and times of day. The forecast skill largely depends on month and time of day, ranging from 0 to 0.8. The mixed-field predictors perform better than the single-field predictors. The ESD model shows added value, at all time scales, against simpler reference models (e.g., the direct use of reanalysis grid point values). The ESD model forecast 1960-2008 clearly reflects interannual variability related to the El Niño/Southern Oscillation but is sensitive to the chosen predictor type.

Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte: uma trama entre a memória social e a literatura

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Marcos Teixeira de Souza

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Motta Coqueiro ou a pena de morte, escrito em 1877, por José do Patrocínio, rememora o caso real do último enforcamento no Brasil, o do mandante de um violento crime ocorrido no norte fluminense em 1852, controverso até a presente data, contra uma família de agregados, que vivia nas terras do citado fazendeiro. Porém, não restrito ao evento trágico, o romancista leva perspicazmente o leitor para uma narrativa, que ressalta o drama dos negros, dos agregados e do fazendeiro na estrutura colonial; que desnuda os critérios de cor e classe social no Brasil colônia; que evidencia o papel da Memória como uma ferramenta manipulável, ativa e estratégica nas relações sociais. Palavras-chaves: José do Patrocínio; Motta Coqueiro; Memória Social.

Influência do sexo do animal e do sistema de produção nas características de carcaça de caprinos da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza Influence of animal gender and production system on the carcass characteristics of goats of the Blanca Serrana Andaluza breed

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Roberto Germano Costa

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do sexo e do sistema de produção nas características de carcaça de caprinos da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza. Foram utilizados 31 animais, 12 machos e 19 fêmeas, distribuídos nos sistemas de produção intensivo (15 animais e extensivo (16 animais. Não foi observada diferença no desempenho, no peso de carcaça e no escore corporal entre os sexos nem entre os sistemas de produção, contudo, os rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria foram maiores nos animais terminados em confinamento. As medidas de carcaça não diferiram entre os sistemas de produção, exceto o comprimento interno, que foi maior nos animais criados no sistema intensivo. O percentual dos não-constituintes da carcaça sofreu pouca variação em relação ao sexo e aos sistemas de criação avaliados. As maiores proporções de gordura perirrenal foram encontradas nas fêmeas e nos animais produzidos em confinamento. Pouca variação foi observada para os cortes paleta, pescoço e serrote, embora o percentual de perna tenha sido maior nos animais produzidos a pasto. O sistema extensivo, predominantemente usado por criadores da raça Blanca Serrana Andaluza na Espanha, permite obter carcaças com características similares às dos animais criados em confinamento e, em virtude da significativa redução dos custos com alimentação, obtida com os animais exclusivamente a pasto, pressupõe-se que esse sistema seja mais economicamente viável.The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender and production system on the carcass characteristics of Blanca Serrana Andaluza goats. Thirty-one animals were used, 12 males and 19 females, distributed in intensive (15 animals and extensive (16 animals production systems. No difference was observed in performance, carcass weight and body score between the gender or production system but the hot and cold carcass yields were greater for the animals finished in a feedlot. The carcass

“El marketing turístico del patrimonio cultural como alternativa de desarrollo del centro histórico de Bahía Blanca (Argentina. Diagnóstico de situación.”

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Andrés Pinassi

2012-06-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo forma parte del Proyecto General de Investigación: “Turismo y desarrollo: nuevos escenarios en la gestión integral de destinos turísticos en el Sudoeste bonaerense. Parte II”, que se lleva a cabo en el Departamento de Geografía y Turismo de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (Bahía Blanca, Argentina. El mismo tiene como objetivo: presentar un diagnóstico integral acerca de la utilización del centro histórico de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca como espacio de ocio, concentrador del patrimonio cultural local. Dicho análisis forma parte del Plan de Marketing Turístico desarrollado para el sector urbano bajo estudio, con el fin de dotarlo de mayor dinamismo y consolidarlo como lugar de encuentro, tanto para residentes como visitantes.

Nueva institucionalidad y proyección local tras la privatización portuaria argentina: Los casos de Bahía Blanca y Rosario

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Silvia Gorenstein

2005-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo examina la estructura institucional-regulatoria resultante de la privatización portuaria efectuada en Argentina durante los años noventa, en el marco de las transformaciones sectoriales a escala mundial y del andamiaje conceptual que sostiene nuevos formatos institucionales para reemplazar el rol antes desempeñado por el Estado nacional. ¿Cómo funciona la nueva institución portuaria, con parcelas de poder compartidas entre el sector público y los segmentos privados involucrados en la actividad? ¿En qué medida esta institucionalidad ha operado sobre las condiciones de governance local? Desde estos interrogantes centrales, el artículo se focaliza en las experiencias de los puertos de Bahía Blanca y Rosario, analizando las implicancias de una reconfiguración institucional modelada por la valorización del capital privado y mediada por el ejercicio de un poder público compartido entre dos niveles territoriales (provincia-municipio. De aquí se infieren temas que replantean la visión del puerto como fuerza propulsora del desarrollo económico territorial, y que se discuten revisando la naturaleza de los vínculos ciudad-puerto y los alcances de su proyección en la economía local desde la reformaThis paper analyzes the institutional and regulatory structures emerging from port privatization during the 90s in Argentina. The study departs from main sector transformations taking place at global scale and is based on the conceptual framework that sustains new institutional forms replacing former national government role. This new port institution shares power between public and private actors. How does it function? In what sense this new institution influences on local governance conditions? Departing from these central questions, this article focuses in Bahia Blanca and Rosario ports experiences, analyzing some consequences emerging from an institutional reform modeled by private capital valorization and mediated by a

Hábitos alimentarios del venado cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en el Parque Natural Sierra Nanchititla, Estado de México

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Ulises Aguilera-Reyes

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El venado cola blanca es una especie con una gran plasticidad conductual y de adaptación en diferentes hábitat. En el Parque Sierra Nanchititla en el Estado de México se realizó un estudio para determinar los hábitos alimentarios en el bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM y bosque de pino-encino (BPE. De junio 1990 a mayo 1992 se recolectaron 104 muestras de excremento de venado en las dos zonas de estudio. Aplicamos el índice de Morisita y la correlación de Spearman para determinar la preferencia alimentaria. Se utilizó el análisis histológico de heces fecales para herbívoros las cuales se compararon con muestras de tejidos vegetales de plantas de la zona de estudio. Los resultados muestran que consume el 79.44% de especies vegetales del BMM y 20.56% del BPE. Existe cierta tendencia en la selectividad de 12 de las 14 especies de plantas localizadas en el BMM, mientras que para el BPE no se aprecia tal tendencia. Las especies clave que for- man parte de la alimentación elemental del venado fueron: Acalypha setosa, Smilax pringlei, Psidium sartorianum y Dendropanax arborea. El consumo de plantas no varió sig- nificativamente entre la época seca y lluviosa en función de la forma biológica (X2=12, p=0.21. Sin embargo, durante la época seca existe cierta tendencia a consumir árboles y a finales de la época de lluvia a consumir hierbas (Z=1.61, p=0.95. Los datos indican que el venado puede ser selecti- vo con plantas del BMM, mientras que para el BPE tiende a ser oportunista.

Las arquitecturas pintadas, cuando Málaga no era blanca.

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Eduardo Asenjo Rubio

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Se atribuye a Confucio la cita, Todo tiene belleza, pero no todos la ven, y Rosario Camacho Martínez hace justicia a ese memento filosófico, pues con su magisterio ejercido desde el Departamento de Historia del Arte de la Universidad de Málaga, y su amplio conocimiento sobre las arquitecturas pintadas, hizo que muchas personas e instituciones que no veían más allá de la imperfección e incorrección técnica de este legado cultural comenzaran a valorarlo de forma positiva. Precisamente, el artículo «Cuando Málaga no era blanca: La arquitectura pintada del siglo XVIII», publicado en la revista Boletín de Arte en el año 1993 fue el inicio de muchas cosas positivas que Rosario Camacho ha aportado, no solo al conocimiento científico, sino también a la propia ciudad de Málaga. Desde esa tribuna literaria que tanta satisfacciones personales y académicas le ha dado durante toda su vida explicó su característica forma de abordar este singular patrimonio: rigor científico, análisis del dato, metodología clara y comunicación del conocimiento de forma asequible y comprensible, características ampliamente elogiadas por el desaparecido y añorado maestro Juan Antonio Ramírez, a quien le unía una estrecha amistad y un profundo reconocimiento.

CENTROS HISTÓRICOS NO CONSOLIDADOS: un desafío para la gestión patrimonial. El caso de Bahía Blanca (Argentina

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Carlos Andrés Pinassi

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo incluye una serie de reflexiones relativas a diferentes investigaciones realizadas en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Rep. Argentina, concernientes al patrimonio cultural y su gestión. El área de estudio la configura el centro histórico de la localidad, definido en el año 1986 en uno de los primeros instrumentos de planificación a escala local, y luego legitimado por el Inventario de Patrimonio Urbano Municipal, llevado a cabo en 1992. Los caracteres propios del espacio determinan la convivencia de sitios patrimoniales con aquellos derivados del proceso de crecimiento de la aglomeración, articulando usos y actividades dispares en un mismo lugar. En este contexto, se identifica un “centro histórico no consolidado” estructurado sobre criterios rígidos, en el que se superponen funcionalidades y se visualizan disímiles unidades de paisaje urbano que carecen de integración.   CENTROS HISTÓRICOS NÃO CONSOLIDADOS: Um desafio para a gestão do patrimônio. O caso de Bahía Blanca (Argentina Resumo Este trabalho inclui uma série de reflexões relacionadas a diferentes investigações realizadas na cidade de Bahía Blanca (Rep. Argentina, concernentes ao patrimônio cultural e à sua gestão. A área de estudo é configurada pelo centro histórico da cidade, definido em 1986, em um dos primeiros instrumentos de planejamento em escala local, e legitimada pelo Inventário do Patrimônio, realizado em 1992. As características específicas do setor mostram a convivência de espaços patrimoniais com aqueles derivados do processo de crescimento da aglomeração, articulando usos e atividades díspares num mesmo sítio. Neste contexto, se identifica um “centro histórico não consolidado” estruturado a partir de parâmetros rígidos, em que se superpõem funcionalidades e se visualizam diferentes unidades de paisagem urbana que carecem de integração.

Reseña de "Los trajines callejeros. Memoria y vida cotidiana" (Eduardo Kingman Garcés y Blanca Muratorio, 2014

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María Ángela Cifuentes Guerra

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Fruto de un trabajo conjunto, Eduardo Kingman Garcés y Blanca Muratorio exploran a lo largo de los diferentes textos que comprenden este libro el significado cultural de los trajines callejeros y otras formas de entender y estudiar las culturas urbanas. El relato, la imagen visual y el objeto se presentan como sus recursos centrales para un análisis compartido entre la historia y la antropología. Quito en su primera modernidad, entre los siglos XIX y XX, es el objeto de gran parte de sus análisis aquí expuestos.

Efecto de la combinación de clorhexidina y fluoruro de sodio sobre Streptococcus mutans en preescolares con manchas blancas.

OpenAIRE

Ayala, Grascely; Álvarez, María; Nuñez, Miguel

2016-01-01

Objetivos: Determinar el efecto de la combinación de los barnices diacetato de clorhexidina 1 % y fluoruro de sodio 5 % sobre Streptococcus mutans en saliva de niños de 3 a 5 años con manchas blancas. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 45 niños, divididos en 3 grupos: combinación clorhexidina 1 % y fluoruro de sodio 5 % (n=15), fluoruro de sodio 5 % (n=15) y placebo (n=15). Después de 8 semanas se evaluó microbiológicamente. Resultados: Todos los grupos redujeron significativamente los S. muta...

Communication strategies in civil movements: «Marea Blanca», «Marea Verde» and Telemadrid’s mobilization

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Antón Álvarez Ruiz

2016-07-01

Full Text Available This article analyses the importance of the communication strategies applied by three significant social movements: Telemadrid workers’ mobilization (Madrid’s public television, the «Marea Blanca» («White Tide», which grouped up the healthcare professionals, and the «Marea Verde» («Green Tide», which was done by teachers. These movements are a practical application of the «indignados» («outraged» movement and, following the 15-M steps, they improved these strategies in what refers to communication and mobilization. For this purpose, we carried out two investigations: twelve in-depth interviews with leading members of these social movements; and an online questionnaire passed to strategic planners who are the experts in communication strategies from the advertising agencies.

Composição química e aminoacídica e coeficientes de digestibilidade verdadeira dos aminoácidos de farinhas de penas e sangue determinados em galos cecectomizados Chemical and amino acid composition and true digestibility coefficients of amino acids of feather and blood meals, determined in cecectomized cocks

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Cinthia Eyng

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Foram determinados a composição química e aminoacídica e os coeficientes de digestibilidade verdadeira dos aminoácidos (CDVaa de farinhas de penas e sangue para aves obtidas de diferentes fornecedores. Utilizaram-se 30 galos cecectomizados distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro farinhas de penas e sangue (farinhas 1, 2, 3 e 4 e um tratamento no qual as aves permaneceram em jejum, seis repetições sendo a unidade experimental composta por um galo. As variações na composição química das farinhas de penas e sangue podem estar relacionadas à falta de padronização no processamento a que são submetidas. Os coeficientes médios de digestibilidade verdadeira dos aminoácidos essenciais e não-essenciais para as farinhas de penas 1, 2, 3 e 4 são, respectivamente, 75,14 e 68,41; 73,34 e 67,17; 78,99 e 75,41; 78,55 e 73,40%.Chemical and amino acid composition and true digestibility coefficients of amino acids of feather and blood meals for birds from different suppliers were determined. Thirty cecectomized cocks were distributed in a completely randomized design, with 4 different feather and blood meals (meals 1, 2, 3 and 4 and one treatment in which the birds remained fasting, with six replications as the experimental unit composed of one rooster. The variations in the chemical composition of the feather and blood meals can be related to the lack of standardization in the processing to which they are submitted. Mean true digestibility coefficients of essential and non essential amino acid for feather and blood meals 1,2, 3 and 4 are 75.14 and 68.41; 73.34 and 67.17; 78.99 and 75.41; 78.55 and 73.40%, respectively.

Uraniferous minerals heap leaching process by counter techique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuentes G, D.A.

1978-01-01

An experimental study was made at laboratory level with respect to a process for the treatment of an uranium ore by counter current acid heap leaching with maturity periods and washing. This mineral with an average grade of 0.24% of U 3 O 8 from the levels zero-fourty of the El Nopal uraniferous deposit, located in the Sierra of Pena Blanca, State of Chihuahua (Mexico). The process which is proposed consist of 4 consecutive stages: a) The prehumectation with a fertile solution of a 0.0034 g U 3 O 8 /1 and 3 g H 2 SO 4 /l concentration, b) The counter current acid attack, c) The maturity or hardening, d) The washing with current water. The relaton liquid-solid in the stages of prehumectation, acid attack, as well as washing stage was of 0.3 m 3 /t. The average efficiency was of 77% of recovered *uranium. (author)

Níveis de inclusão de farinha de penas na dieta sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça de codornas para corte - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i1.661 Inclusion levels of feather meal in the diet on performance and carcasses characteristics of quail for meat - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v28i1.661

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Marcus Ferreira Pessôa

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o desempenho de 240 codornas européias para corte mediante diferentes níveis de inclusão de farinha de penas na dieta. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos (0, 3, 6 e 9% de farinha de penas, 5 repetições e 12 animais por unidade experimental. De acordo com os resultados, a farinha de penas pode ser utilizada na dieta de codornas para corte, exceto no período de 1 a 7 dias, em até 9%, sem alterações negativas sobre o desempenho dos animais. Entretanto, foi observado que na medida em que houve aumento da inclusão de farinha de penas na dieta, houve redução do consumo de ração e no rendimento de coxa mais sobrecoxa, assim como aumento do rendimento de dorso mais asas.The performance of 240 European quail for meat was evaluated using different levels of feather meal in the diet. The experiment was conducted with a totally randomized design, consisting of four treatments (0, 3, 6, and 9% of feather meal, five repetitions and twelve animals per experimental unit. Results show that, feather meal can be utilized in the quail for meat diet, except in a period of 1 to 7 days, up to 9%, without significant negative effects on the performance of the animals. However, as the inclusion of feather flour in the diet increased, a reduction in the consumption of feed and in the thigh yield were observed, as well as an increase in back + wing yield.

Fenología de la floración de Ulmus pumila L. (Ulmaceae en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Argentina

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Lucia Saveanu

2015-07-01

Full Text Available La fenología es el estudio de los fenómenos periódicos que ocurren en los seres vivos y sus relaciones con condiciones ambientales como luz, temperatura, humedad, etc. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron describir las fases fenológicas durante la fl oración deUlmus pumilaL. para la ciudad de Bahía Blanca y relacionar la floración con datos meteorológicos de temperaturas mínimas y máximas. Durante dos periodos de floración (julio a septiembre, de 2007 y de 2008 se realizaron observaciones fenológicas semanales de ejemplares deU. pumilapresentes en el arbolado urbano de la ciudad. La fl oración se observó en los meses de julio y agosto, registrándose la máxima floración el 23 y el 7 de agosto de 2007 y 2008, respectivamente. Durante la floración del año 2007 la cantidad de flores registradas y la duración de la fase de floración fueron superiores a lo ocurrido en 2008. Estos resultados ayudan a conocer la dinámica de floración de U. pumila en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, y a largo plazo contribuirá a la interpretación de los cambios climáticos de la región y a una mejor prevención de las alergias.

Variabilidad temporal del PM10 en Bahía Blanca (Argentina y su relación con variables climáticas

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Alicia M. Campo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La contaminación atmosférica afecta a ciudades y países de todo el planeta. Uno de los conta- minantes atmosféricos más comunes es el material particulado atmosférico, que tiene directa incidencia sobre la salud de la población (OMS, 2006. Las condiciones meteorológicas definen en gran medida su concentración a nivel troposférico. Por consiguiente, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la variabilidad temporal del PM10 de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Argentina, estableciendo posibles relaciones entre dicho comportamiento y variables físicas y antropogéni- cas que pueden incidir en su dinámica. Se observó que la concentración del material particulado en Bahía Blanca se relaciona con factores naturales y antropogénicos. El flujo vehicular y las actividades portuarias, principalmente el transporte y almacenamiento de granos, favorecen la producción del contaminante. Esto se manifiesta en una distribución diferencial a lo largo del día y entre días laborables y no laborables. La alta concentración de PM10 se ve afectada por la presencia de vientos de componente Norte y de altas velocidades, que suelen estar acompañados de nubes de polvo y humo. También fenómenos naturales, como la erupción del Complejo Vol- cánico Puyehue-Cordón Caulle, inciden en los valores hallados.

Recalibration of the yellow Rhizocarpon growth curve in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) and implications for LIA chronology

Science.gov (United States)

Jomelli, V.; Grancher, D.; Brunstein, D.; Solomina, O.

2008-01-01

A new lichen dating method and new moraine observations enabled us to improve the chronology of glacier advances in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) during the Little Ice Age (LIA). Our results reveal that an early LIA glacial advance occurred around AD 1330 ± 29. However, a second major glacial advance at the beginning of the 17th century overlapped the earlier stage for most glaciers. Hence, this second glacial stage, dated from AD 1630 ± 27, is considered as the LIA maximum glacial advance in the Cordillera Blanca. During the 17th-18th centuries, at least three glacial advances were recorded synchronously for the different glaciers (AD 1670 ± 24, 1730 ± 21, and 1760 ± 19). The moraines corresponding to the two first stages are close to the one in 1630 suggesting a slow recession of about 18% in the total length of the glacier. From the LIA maximum extent to the beginning of the 20th century, the 24 glaciers have retreated a distance of about 1000 m, corresponding to a reduction of 30% in their length. This rate is comparable to that observed during the 20th century. Estimates of palaeo-Equilibrium Line Altitudes show an increase in altitude of about 100 m from the LIA maximum glacial extension at the beginning of the 17th century to the beginning of the 20th century. Because long time series are not available for precipitation and temperature, this glacial retreat is difficult to explain by past climate changes. However, there is a fair correspondence between changes in glacier length and the δ18O recorded in the Quelccaya ice core at a century timescale. Our current knowledge of tropical glaciers and isotope variations leads us to suggest that this common tropical signal reflects a change from a wet LIA to the drier conditions of today. Finally, a remarkable synchronicity is observed with glacial variations in Bolivia, suggesting a common regional climatic pattern during the LIA.

Uranium Elemental and Isotopic Constraints on Groundwater Flow Beneath the Nopal I Uranium Deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

S.J. Goldstein; M.T. Murrell; A.M. Simmons

2005-07-11

The Nopal I uranium deposit in Chihuahua, Mexico, is an excellent analogue for evaluating the fate of spent fuel, associated actinides, and fission products over long time scales for the proposed Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository. In 2003, three groundwater wells were drilled directly adjacent to (PB-1) and 50 m on either side of the uranium deposit (PB-2 and PB-3) in order to evaluate uranium-series transport in three dimensions. After drilling, uranium concentrations were elevated in all of the three wells (0.1-18 ppm) due to drilling activities and subsequently decreased to {approx}5-20% of initial values over the next several months. The {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U activity ratios were similar for PB-1 and PB-2 (1.005 to 1.079) but distinct for PB-3 (1.36 to 1.83) over this time period, suggesting limited mixing between groundwater from these wells over these short time and length scales. Regional groundwater wells located up to several km from the deposit also have distinct uranium isotopic characteristics and constrain mixing over larger length and time scales. We model the decreasing uranium concentrations in the newly drilled wells with a simple one-dimensional advection-dispersion model, assuming uranium is introduced as a slug to each of the wells and transported as a conservative tracer. Using this model for our data, the relative uranium concentrations are dependent on both the longitudinal dispersion as well as the mean groundwater flow velocity. These parameters have been found to be correlated in both laboratory and field studies of groundwater velocity and dispersion (Klotz et al., 1980). Using typical relationships between velocity and dispersion for field and laboratory studies along with the relationship observed from our uranium data, both velocity (1-10 n/yr) and dispersion coefficient (1E-5 to 1E-2 cm{sup 2}/s) can be derived from the modeling. As discussed above, these relatively small flow velocities and dispersivities agree with mixing considerations derived from the {sup 234}U/{sup 238}U data. While these results and the limited productivity of these wells consistently suggest limited groundwater flow and mixing, we anticipate additional work with artificial tracers to better establish groundwater flow velocities and gradient at this site.

Uranium Elemental and Isotopic Constraints on Groundwater Flow Beneath the Nopal I Uranium Deposit, Pena Blanca, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

S.J. Goldstein; M.T. Murrell; A.M. Simmons

2005-01-01

The Nopal I uranium deposit in Chihuahua, Mexico, is an excellent analogue for evaluating the fate of spent fuel, associated actinides, and fission products over long time scales for the proposed Yucca Mountain high-level nuclear waste repository. In 2003, three groundwater wells were drilled directly adjacent to (PB-1) and 50 m on either side of the uranium deposit (PB-2 and PB-3) in order to evaluate uranium-series transport in three dimensions. After drilling, uranium concentrations were elevated in all of the three wells (0.1-18 ppm) due to drilling activities and subsequently decreased to ∼5-20% of initial values over the next several months. The 234 U/ 238 U activity ratios were similar for PB-1 and PB-2 (1.005 to 1.079) but distinct for PB-3 (1.36 to 1.83) over this time period, suggesting limited mixing between groundwater from these wells over these short time and length scales. Regional groundwater wells located up to several km from the deposit also have distinct uranium isotopic characteristics and constrain mixing over larger length and time scales. We model the decreasing uranium concentrations in the newly drilled wells with a simple one-dimensional advection-dispersion model, assuming uranium is introduced as a slug to each of the wells and transported as a conservative tracer. Using this model for our data, the relative uranium concentrations are dependent on both the longitudinal dispersion as well as the mean groundwater flow velocity. These parameters have been found to be correlated in both laboratory and field studies of groundwater velocity and dispersion (Klotz et al., 1980). Using typical relationships between velocity and dispersion for field and laboratory studies along with the relationship observed from our uranium data, both velocity (1-10 n/yr) and dispersion coefficient (1E-5 to 1E-2 cm 2 /s) can be derived from the modeling. As discussed above, these relatively small flow velocities and dispersivities agree with mixing considerations derived from the 234 U/ 238 U data. While these results and the limited productivity of these wells consistently suggest limited groundwater flow and mixing, we anticipate additional work with artificial tracers to better establish groundwater flow velocities and gradient at this site

Análisis del sistema de administración de penas y castigos en Colombia. Un estudio del establecimiento carcelario Modelo de Bogotá. Desde la obra Vigilar y Castigar. 2000-2005

OpenAIRE

Vanegas Valbuena, Albeiro

2014-01-01

El interés del presente estudio consiste en analizar el tema del sistema de administración de penas y castigos colombiano, entre 2000 y 2005; a la luz de los planteamientos de Michel Foucault, en su obra Vigilar y Castigar; en lo concerniente al encierro como castigo y los elementos que se pueden desprenden: saber, disciplina, resistencia. Mediante una conjunta contextualización histórica y conceptual; se va haciendo una caracterización del funcionamiento, estructura, misión, objetivo etc.; ...

LA COMPRENSIÓN DEL TERRITORIO A PARTIR DEL MODELO DE FORMACIÓN SOCIO ESPACIAL DESDE LA PRÁCTICA DE LA HORTICULTURA EN EL PERIURBANO DE BAHÍA BLANCA, ARGENTINA

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María Amalia Lorda

2016-03-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de la actividad hortícola en las ciudades argentinas se construye en un entramado que se remonta a la fundación misma de cada lugar, como una actividad propia de quienes buscan originar su propio sustento. Con el crecimiento de las ciudades, el territorio cambia, nuevos usos se observan, así como la llegada de otras personas -inmigrantes- que sin duda impregnan de especificidades a un nuevo territorio en construcción. En el periurbano de Bahía Blanca, la horticultura se nutre de distintas oleadas de inmigrantes, quienes plasman en el territorio saberes y prácticas singulares. El aporte de la geografía social francesa es de gran valor para la comprensión de las distintas lógicas socio-espaciales que suceden. El modelo de formación socio espacial que se aplica permite comprender el territorio, a partir de observaciones en el terreno y entrevistas a los actores que territorializan con sus prácticas un modo de pensar el territorio. Palabras clave: Periurbano; Territorio; Formación Socio-espacial; Actividad Hortícola.   THE COMPREHENSION OF THE TERRITORY FROM THE MODEL OF FORMATION SPATIAL PARTNER FROM THE PRACTICE OF THE HORTICULTURE THE PERIURBANO OF BAHÍA BLANCA, ARGENTINA ABSTRACT The development of horticulture in the Argentine cities is built on a framework that goes back to the very foundation of every place, as an activity of those who seek to lead their own livelihood. With the growth of cities, the territory changes, new uses are observed, and the arrival of others -inmigrantes- undoubtedly imbued with specificities into new territory under construction. In the periurban horticulture Bahia Blanca, is nourished by different waves of immigrants, who reflected on the territory unique knowledge and practices. The contribution of the French social geography is of great value for the understanding of different socio-spatial logics that happen. The model of socio spatial information that applies to understanding the

A literatura de cárcere em defesa de um condenado à pena de morte no Japão – “Lágrimas da ignorância”, de Norio Nagayama

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Lilian Yamamoto

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Apesar de o Japão da década de 1960 ter passado por uma fase de crescimento econômico acelerado, ainda restavam rincões de pobreza em várias regiões do país. Condenado à morte, Norio Nagayama, de origem humilde, é exemplo de criminoso influenciado por tal contexto. Nagayama foi autodidata no seu período de cárcere e logrou êxito na sua carreira literária, que culminou com o recebimento do prêmio japonês de Nova Literatura em 1983. Tendo sido preso após cometer quatro homicídios em 1968, seu caso constituiu um novo marco para o estabelecimento de critérios para a condenação à pena de morte no Japão. O presente artigo pretende analisar a influência da sua primeira obra, Muchi no Namida (Lágrimas da ignorância, 1971, na sua defesa apresentada nos tribunais. Essa obra é uma coletânea de seus cadernos de anotações de poesia e prosa com referência direta a eventos da sua infância e adolescência, a ideias sobre justiça social e, sobretudo, à sua viagem interna em busca da motivação de seus crimes. Assim, um exame sobre a persistência da pena de morte no sistema penal japonês se mostra de fundamental importância para maior entendimento do contexto em que o autor viveu.

Drinking water: problems related to water supply in Bahía Blanca, Argentina Agua potable: problemas en el abastecimiento de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Ricardo Echenique

2006-12-01

Full Text Available In April 2000, alterations in drinking water quality, such as turbidity and odors similar to those of organochloride pesticides, were detected at Bahía Blanca (Argentina. This fact was associated to reports of dermic reactions and respiratory problems in the population. Samples drawn from Paso de las Piedras reservoir, two water treatment plants of at inlet and outlet points and at several particular houses were analyzed. Total phytoplankton in the reservoir varied between 49440 and 84832 cells.ml-1, while dominant species was, Anabaena circinalis. Efficiency to remove microorganisms (ER by the treatment plants considering cell number of total phytoplankton was analyzed. Bacteriological analysis, qualitative and quantitative studies of phytoplankton, pesticides, THM (trihalomethanes and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene analysis were carried out in samples of domestic supply and in the treatment plants. Even though samples were bacteriological potable, Anabaena circinalis and Microcystis aeruginosa algae were found at high concentrations in some cases. No pesticides were detected. THM and BTEX were below guideline values into recommendations for drinking water. Geosmin was responsible for detected odors. Besides, Copaene, another volatile metabolite, which on account in its structure could be considered a Geosmin precursor, was also detected. In Argentina, this was the first report of Cyanobacteria presence in drinking water.En abril de 2000, en Bahía Blanca (Argentina, se detectaron alteraciones en el agua de bebida, turbidez y olor semejante a "Gamexane". Esto coincidió con la aparición de problemas dérmicos y respiratorios en la población. Para determinar el origen del problema, se analizaron muestras, tomadas en el embalse Paso de las Piedras, en las plantas potabilizadoras y en varios domicilios particulares. En el embalse, la densidad celular del fitoplancton, fluctuó entre 49440 y 84832 cél/ml-1, muy por encima de

Análisis del Clima Laboral a través de la Comunicación Interna: "Caso Industria de Línea Blanca"

OpenAIRE

Ortiz Ochoa, Melania Francisca

2013-01-01

La presente es una investigación de campo realizada en una empresa productora de línea blanca, la misma que cuenta con su matriz en la ciudad de Cuenca, La investigación está basada en el impacto de contar con un proceso de comunicación interna, inmersa en los procesos estratégicos de la organización, para conseguir un mejor resultado en el Clima Laboral organizacional. La investigación ha sido sustentado en un marco teórico práctico establecidos en lineamentos y políticas instituidas en la o...

Plan estratégico para la producción de electrodomésticos de línea blanca en el Perú.

OpenAIRE

Cervantes Choquehuayta, Anny Stephanie; Chuquicondor Pinto, Nohelia; Gonzales Cruz, Juan Carlos; Ortiz Siu, Paul Alonso

2016-01-01

En el presente documento se elabora el Planeamiento Estratégico para la Producción de Electrodomésticos de Línea Blanca en el Perú. En el mismo se realiza una exhaustiva revisión y análisis de las variables que mueven a los productores para hacer más competitivos en un mercado dominado principalmente por la producción extranjera. El análisis de los factores internos y externos que permitieron desarrollar la matriz FODA han sido el punto de partida para analizar la situación act...

Nuevo registro del loro frente blanca (Amazona albifrons para la Isla de Cozumel, Quintana Roo, México

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Alexis Herminio Plasencia Vázquez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Reportamos, por primera vez en la literatura científica, al loro frente blanca (Amazona albifrons como especie introducida en áreas urbanas de la Isla de Cozumel, Quintana Roo, durante el trabajo de campo realizado en el mes de abril de 2011. Su presencia sólo en áreas urbanas de la isla, la capacidad de la especie para poder vivir con éxito en áreas urbanas, la abundancia de árboles frutales y su uso como mascota por los isleños nos permite sugerir que los individuos registrados son resultado de escapes o fueron liberados por sus dueños. Es probable que las condiciones sean favorables para el establecimiento de una población dentro del poblado de San Miguel de Cozumel, lo que debe monitorearse en el futuro.

Downscaling reanalysis data to high-resolution variables above a glacier surface (Cordillera Blanca, Peru)

Science.gov (United States)

Hofer, Marlis; Mölg, Thomas; Marzeion, Ben; Kaser, Georg

2010-05-01

Recently initiated observation networks in the Cordillera Blanca provide temporally high-resolution, yet short-term atmospheric data. The aim of this study is to extend the existing time series into the past. We present an empirical-statistical downscaling (ESD) model that links 6-hourly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to the local target variables, measured at the tropical glacier Artesonraju (Northern Cordillera Blanca). The approach is particular in the context of ESD for two reasons. First, the observational time series for model calibration are short (only about two years). Second, unlike most ESD studies in climate research, we focus on variables at a high temporal resolution (i.e., six-hourly values). Our target variables are two important drivers in the surface energy balance of tropical glaciers; air temperature and specific humidity. The selection of predictor fields from the reanalysis data is based on regression analyses and climatologic considerations. The ESD modelling procedure includes combined empirical orthogonal function and multiple regression analyses. Principal component screening is based on cross-validation using the Akaike Information Criterion as model selection criterion. Double cross-validation is applied for model evaluation. Potential autocorrelation in the time series is considered by defining the block length in the resampling procedure. Apart from the selection of predictor fields, the modelling procedure is automated and does not include subjective choices. We assess the ESD model sensitivity to the predictor choice by using both single- and mixed-field predictors of the variables air temperature (1000 hPa), specific humidity (1000 hPa), and zonal wind speed (500 hPa). The chosen downscaling domain ranges from 80 to 50 degrees west and from 0 to 20 degrees south. Statistical transfer functions are derived individually for different months and times of day (month/hour-models). The forecast skill of the month/hour-models largely depends on

Basic diagnosis of solid waste generated at Agua Blanca State Park to propose waste management strategies.

Science.gov (United States)

Laines Canepa, José Ramón; Zequeira Larios, Carolina; Valadez Treviño, Maria Elena Macías; Garduza Sánchez, Diana Ivett

2012-03-01

State parks are highly sensitive areas of great natural importance and tourism value. Herein a case study involving a basic survey of solid waste which was carried out in 2006 in Agua Blanca State Park, Macuspana, Tabasco, Mexico with two sampling periods representing the high and low tourist season is presented. The survey had five objectives: to find out the number of visitors in the different seasons, to consider the daily generation of solid waste from tourist activities, to determine bulk density, to select and quantify sub-products; and to suggest a possible treatment. A daily average of 368 people visited the park: 18,862 people in 14 days during the high season holiday (in just one day, Easter Sunday, up to 4425 visitors) and 2092 visitors in 43 days during the low season. The average weight of the generated solid waste was 61.267 kg day(-1) and the generated solid waste average per person was 0.155 kg person(-1 ) day(-1). During the high season, the average increased to 0.188 kg person(-1 ) day(-1) and during the low season, the average decreased to 0.144 kg person(-1 ) day(-1). The bulk density average was 75.014 kg m(-3), the maximum value was 92.472 kg m(-3) and the minimum was 68.274 kg m(-3). The sub-products comprised 54.52% inorganic matter; 32.03% organic matter, 10.60% non-recyclable and 2.85% others. Based on these results, waste management strategies such as reuse/recycling, aerobic and anaerobic digestion, the construction of a manual landfill and the employment of a specialist firm were suggested.

LA RESOCIALIZACIÓN COMO FIN DE LA PENA – una frustración en el sistema penitenciario y carcelario colombiano

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Norberto Hernández Jiménez

Full Text Available En este trabajo, se analiza la resocialización como fin principal de la pena privativa de la libertad en Colombia, durante su fase de ejecución. Para esto, se contextualiza la difícil situación por la que atraviesa el sistema penitenciario y carcelario colombiano que, conforme a lo declarado por la Corte Constitucional, se adecúa a un estado de cosas inconstitucional, donde la dignidad humana de las personas privadas de la libertad se encuentra seriamente comprometida. Dentro de esta realidad, que involucra un marcado hacinamiento carcelario, que, a su vez, propicia un ambiente de violencia, corrupción y desigualdad, la oferta y el acceso a los programas de resocialización son limitados, lo que impide la rehabilitación del individuo. La prueba de fuego en busca del cumplimiento de este fin no es superada, al observar como un gran porcentaje de los reclusos vuelve a prisión, dentro del fenómeno de la reincidencia.

Offshore geology and geomorphology from Point Piedras Blancas to Pismo Beach, San Luis Obispo County, California

Science.gov (United States)

Watt, Janet Tilden; Johnson, Samuel Y.; Hartwell, Stephen R.; Roberts, Michelle

2015-01-01

Marine geology and geomorphology were mapped along the continental shelf and upper slope between Point Piedras Blancas and Pismo Beach, California. The map area is divided into the following three (smaller) map areas, listed from north to south: San Simeon, Morro Bay, and Point San Luis. Each smaller map area consists of a geologic map and the corresponding geophysical data that support the geologic mapping. Each geophysical data sheet includes shaded-relief multibeam bathymetry, seismic-reflection-survey tracklines, and residual magnetic anomalies, as well as a smaller version of the geologic map for reference. Offshore geologic units were delineated on the basis of integrated analysis of adjacent onshore geology, seafloor-sediment and rock samples, multibeam bathymetry and backscatter imagery, magnetic data, and high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles. Although the geologic maps are presented here at 1:35,000 scale, map interpretation was conducted at scales of between 1:6,000 and 1:12,000.

El tópico del hambre como construcción metafórica del sentido en la poesía de blanca varela

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Mara Donat

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Into the poetic of descent proposed by the literary critic Cárcamo-Huechante, Blanca Varela developes a poetry in relation with corporality and deterioration. Existencialism thought connects with the search of a material poetic word, fill with corporal, byologic elements. Hunger is the privileged metaphor in the process of materialization of poetic writing. It is social and linguistic demand against unjustice and the impoverished language system, also into literary tradition. We propose an exegesis of metaphoric configuration of hunger through a thematic and a stylistic line of research, which embodies sense and sound of poetic word.

Hábitos alimentarios del venado cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en el Parque Natural Sierra Nanchititla, Estado de México

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Ulises Aguilera-Reyes

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El venado cola blanca es una especie con una gran plasticidad conductual y de adaptación en diferentes hábitat. En el Parque Sierra Nanchititla en el Estado de México se realizó un estudio para determinar los hábitos alimentarios en el bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM y bosque de pino-encino (BPE. De junio 1990 a mayo 1992 se recolectaron 104 muestras de excremento de venado en las dos zonas de estudio. Aplicamos el índice de Morisita y la correlación de Spearman para determinar la preferencia alimentaria. Se utilizó el análisis histológico de heces fecales para herbívoros las cuales se compararon con muestras de tejidos vegetales de plantas de la zona de estudio. Los resultados muestran que consume el 79.44% de especies vegetales del BMM y 20.56% del BPE. Existe cierta tendencia en la selectividad de 12 de las 14 especies de plantas localizadas en el BMM, mientras que para el BPE no se aprecia tal tendencia. Las especies clave que for- man parte de la alimentación elemental del venado fueron: Acalypha setosa, Smilax pringlei, Psidium sartorianum y Dendropanax arborea. El consumo de plantas no varió sig- nificativamente entre la época seca y lluviosa en función de la forma biológica (X2=12, p=0.21. Sin embargo, durante la época seca existe cierta tendencia a consumir árboles y a finales de la época de lluvia a consumir hierbas (Z=1.61, p=0.95. Los datos indican que el venado puede ser selecti- vo con plantas del BMM, mientras que para el BPE tiende a ser oportunista.Food habits of the white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae in Nanchititla Natural Park, Mexico. White-tailed deer is a species with a large behavioral plasticity and adapta- tion to different habitats, including their food habits. This study was conducted with the aim to determine the food habits of this species in the cloud (BMM and pine-oak (BPE forests. Deer scats and plant samples were obtained following standard methods, from Sierra

Invertebrados asociados al coral constructor de arrecifes Pocillopora damicornis en Playa Blanca, Bahía Culebra, Costa Rica Invertebrates associated with the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis at Playa Blanca, Bahía Culebra, Costa Rica

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Juan José Alvarado

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Los arrecifes coralinos son uno de los ecosistemas más diversos en el planeta, tanto por los organismos constructores como por aquellos que viven encima, sobre, dentro y debajo de ellos. Los corales del genero Pocillopora son reconocidos mundialmente por albergar una importante fauna de invertebrados entre sus ramas, los cuales son considerados como simbiontes obligatorios en una gran cantidad de casos. La presente investigación describe la fauna de invertebrados asociados al coral Pocillopora damicornis en Bahía Culebra, Costa Rica, describiendo sus densidades, frecuencias, riquezas y diversidades a través del tiempo. Para esto se colectaron 5 colonias cada 3-4 meses en Playa Blanca, Bahía Culebra. En total se encontraron 448 individuos en 35 especies, siendo Harpiliopsis depressa, Lithophaga aristata, Trapezia ferruginea, Alpheus lottini, Fennera chacei, y Petrolisthes haigae las especies predominantes. Noviembre fue el mes en el que se encontraron los mayores valores en los índices de riqueza, diversidad y diferenciación taxonómica, mientras que agosto fue el que presento los valores más bajos de todos. En términos generales, la época lluviosa mostro mayor riqueza de especies que la época seca. Así mismo, las especies colectados y los valores obtenidos son muy similares a otras zonas del Pacifico Oriental Tropical. Culebra ha venido sufriendo una perdida en la cobertura coralina, que podría tener consecuencias en la diversidad y abundancia de organismos asociados a corales. Estas consecuencias incluyen perdida en la fecundidad de estos organismos, una reducción en su función como limpiadores y protectores de depredadores del coral, poniendo en riesgo su diversidad, lo que puede afectar los stocks de peces depredadores que depende de ellos. Realizar monitoreos permanentes de la criptofauna asociada al coral Pocillopora va a ser determinante para cuantificar perdidas o recuperaciones en la composición de invertebrados asociados

URANIUM-SERIES CONSTRAINTS ON RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT AND GROUNDWATER FLOW AT NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, MEXICO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

S. J. Goldstein, S. Luo, T. L. Ku, and M. T. Murrell

2006-04-01

Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the vicinity of the Nopal I uranium ore deposit are used to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes at this site, and also, by analogy, at Yucca Mountain. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 suggest that groundwater flow rates are low (< 10 m/yr). Field tests, well productivity, and uranium isotopic constraints also suggest that groundwater flow and mixing is limited at this site. The uranium isotopic systematics for water collected in the mine adit are consistent with longer rock-water interaction times and higher uranium dissolution rates at the front of the adit where the deposit is located. Short-lived nuclide data for groundwater wells are used to calculate retardation factors that are on the order of 1,000 for radium and 10,000 to 10,000,000 for lead and polonium. Radium has enhanced mobility in adit water and fractures near the deposit.

URANIUM-SERIES CONSTRAINTS ON RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT AND GROUNDWATER FLOW AT NOPAL I URANIUM DEPOSIT, SIERRA PENA BLANCA, MEXICO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

S. J. Goldstein, S. Luo, T. L. Ku, and M. T. Murrell

2006-01-01

Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the vicinity of the Nopal I uranium ore deposit are used to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes at this site, and also, by analogy, at Yucca Mountain. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 suggest that groundwater flow rates are low (< 10 m/yr). Field tests, well productivity, and uranium isotopic constraints also suggest that groundwater flow and mixing is limited at this site. The uranium isotopic systematics for water collected in the mine adit are consistent with longer rock-water interaction times and higher uranium dissolution rates at the front of the adit where the deposit is located. Short-lived nuclide data for groundwater wells are used to calculate retardation factors that are on the order of 1,000 for radium and 10,000 to 10,000,000 for lead and polonium. Radium has enhanced mobility in adit water and fractures near the deposit

Análisis proximal, evaluación microbiológica y sensorial de carnes para hamburguesas elaboradas con cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus) y soya (Glycine max) texturizada

OpenAIRE

Oscar García; Iria Acevedo; Jorge Ruiz Ramírez

2013-01-01

La cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus) es una especie económicamente importante en la acuicultura continental de América Latina y una alternativa nacional de producción de pescado para la piscicultura, la industria y el consumo. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue caracterizar mediante análisis proximal, evaluación microbiológica y sensorial, carnes para hamburguesas elaboradas con pulpa de cachama y diferentes inclusiones porcentuales de harina de soya texturizada (HST) ...

Correlation of the activity of the {sup 238} U in soil and {sup 222} Rn in domiciles, with the rocks of cities of the Estado de Chihuahua; Correlacion de la actividad del {sup 238} U en suelo y {sup 222} Rn en domicilios, con las rocas de ciudades del Estado de Chihuahua

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Colmenero S, L.; Villalba, L.; Montero C, M.E. [Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV), Av. Miguel de Cervantes 120 C.P. 31109 Chihuahua (Mexico)]. e-mail: luis.colmenero@cimav.edu.mx

2004-07-01

The state of Chihuahua has numerous locations of uranium, being Pena Blanca the great and more important location of the country. Diverse rock types with important quantities of uranium are distributed by the whole state. The igneous extrusive acid rocks are those that have bigger quantity of uranium, like they are the rhyolites and dacites and these rocks are located in enough proportion by the whole state. Some of the main cities of the state are near to locations or uraniferous rocks, as Aldama, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Jimenez and Bocoyna, other important cities are not near important locations. It was determined specific activity by gamma spectroscopy of the series of the {sup 238} U in soils and determination of the radon concentration in domiciles of the main cities of the state. They were found high specific activity values in soil in eight of the thirteen analyzed cities and important radon concentrations in three cities. It was found relationship among the specific activity in soil in near cities to uraniferous locations. (Author)

Correlation of the activity of the 238 U in soil and 222 Rn in domiciles, with the rocks of cities of the Estado de Chihuahua

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colmenero S, L.; Villalba, L.; Montero C, M.E.

2004-01-01

The state of Chihuahua has numerous locations of uranium, being Pena Blanca the great and more important location of the country. Diverse rock types with important quantities of uranium are distributed by the whole state. The igneous extrusive acid rocks are those that have bigger quantity of uranium, like they are the rhyolites and dacites and these rocks are located in enough proportion by the whole state. Some of the main cities of the state are near to locations or uraniferous rocks, as Aldama, Nuevo Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Jimenez and Bocoyna, other important cities are not near important locations. It was determined specific activity by gamma spectroscopy of the series of the 238 U in soils and determination of the radon concentration in domiciles of the main cities of the state. They were found high specific activity values in soil in eight of the thirteen analyzed cities and important radon concentrations in three cities. It was found relationship among the specific activity in soil in near cities to uraniferous locations. (Author)

Impact of a power plant cooling system on copepod and meroplankton survival (Bahía Blanca estuary, Argentina Impacto del sistema de enfriamiento de una central termoeléctrica sobre la supervivencia de copépodos y meroplancton (estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Mónica Susana Hoffmeyer

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The impact of a power plant cooling system in the Bahía Blanca estuary (Argentina on the survival of target zooplanktonic organisms (copepods and crustacean larvae and on overall mesozooplankton abundance was evaluated over time. Mortality rates were calculated for juveniles and adults of four key species in the estuary: Acartia tonsa Dana, 1849 and Eurytemora americana Williams, 1906 (native and invading copepods, and larvae of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata Dana, 1851 and the invading cirriped Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854. Mean total mortality values were up to four times higher at the water discharge site than at intake, though for all four species, significant differences were only registered in post-capture mortality. The findings show no evidence of greater larval sensitivity. As expected, the sharpest decrease in overall mesozooplankton abundance was found in areas close to heated water discharge.El impacto del sistema de enfriamiento de una planta termoeléctrica ubicada en el estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina, fue evaluado en el tiempo, sobre la supervivencia de especies zooplanctónicas seleccionadas (copépodos y larvas de crustáceos y la abundancia general del meso-zooplancton. Se calcularon tasas de mortalidad de juveniles y adultos de cuatro especies clave en el estuario: Acartia tonsa Dana,1849 y Eurytemora americana Williams,1906 (copépodos nativo e invasor, y larvas del cangrejo Chasmagnathus granulata Dana, 1851 y del cirripedio invasor Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854. Los valores medios hallados de la tasa de mortalidad total, fueron hasta cuatro veces más altos en la descarga que en el agua de entrada al sistema. Sin embargo sólo se registraron diferencias significativas entre estos dos sitios, en los valores de mortalidad post-captura obtenidos para las cuatro especies. Los resultados del estudio no demostraron una mayor sensibilidad larval. Como se esperaba, la disminución más pronunciada en la abundancia general

Proglacial hydrology in the tropical Andes: lessons from the Cordillera Blanca, Peru (Invited)

Science.gov (United States)

McKenzie, J. M.; Mark, B. G.; Baraer, M.

2009-12-01

Understanding the complexities of tropical Andean hydrology is critical for managing modern water resources and interpreting paleohydrologic records. Glaciers are the most visible component of these systems, responding to global climate change and acting as critical hydrologic reservoirs. Tropical Andean glaciers are undergoing rapid retreat with complex impacts on the downstream hydrology. Groundwater is also an important component of the Andean regional hydrologic system, but its contribution is difficult to assess due to remote site access, minimal baseline data, and lack of continuous historical discharge and precipitation measurements. We have synthesized hydrochemical data from synoptically sampled glacial melt water, groundwater, precipitation, and stream discharge collected intermittently between 1998 and July 2008 throughout the Callejon de Huaylas, a 5000 km2 watershed that drains the western side of the Cordillera Blanca in northern Perú. Our data from 2004 to 2006 show systematic annual shifts in the isotopic ratios (δ18O and δ2H) of river water, indicating an increase in glacial melt water input, and we are able to use these changes across the Cordillera Blanca to estimate an average increase of 1.6 (± 1.1) % in the specific discharge of the glacierized basins. Enhanced total stream discharge in more glacierized catchments (>20% glacier area) is demonstrated by a significant positive trend in a 43-year discharge anomaly record. Our hydrochemical basin characterization method (HBCM) uses chemical mass balance mixing to quantify the contribution of glacial melt water, groundwater, and surface runoff to streams for different valleys and nested watersheds in the Callejon de Huaylas. The Yanamarey basin (7% glaciated) has been observed since 1998 and the HBCM results show good agreement with measured stream discharge (maximum R2 of 0.99) for monthly cumulative values. These results suggest that for most of the studied years groundwater is the main

Diatomeas planctónicas de cursos de agua: Cuenca del Río Piedra Blanca (Córdoba, Argentina Diatom communities in the highland water streams. Piedra Blanca River basin (Córdoba, Argentina

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Ana Luján M. De Fabricius

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo se realizó en el arroyo El Chacay y en el río Las Albahacas desde la primavera de 1999 hasta la primavera de 2000. El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la composición y abundancia de la comunidad diatómica en ríos y arroyos serranos de la cuenca del río Piedra Blanca, durante un ciclo anual. En total, 121 taxa (especies, variedades y formas fueron registrados a partir del análisis taxonómico. El orden Pennales predominó en número de especies y porcentaje de frecuencia relativa. El género con mayor número de especies fue Navicula. El número de especies osciló entre un mínimo de 21 en invierno de 2000 en el río Las Albahacas (aguas arriba del balneario y un máximo de 49 en verano de 2000 en el arroyo El Chacay y en primavera de 2000 en el río Las Albahacas (aguas arriba del balneario, respectivamente. El mayor número de especies corresponde a los menores porcentajes de frecuencia. La densidad osciló entre 1 org.ml-1 en otoño de 2000 en el río Las Albahacas, aguas arriba del balneario y 1596,40 org.ml-1 registrados en primavera de 1999 en el arroyo El Chacay. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos y la composición de especies determinaron una mayor afinidad entre los sitios en la estación de primavera.The present work was developed in El Chacay Creek and Las Albahacas River from 1999 spring to 2000 spring. The aim of this investigation was to compare the composition and abundance of the diatom communities of a highland water stream and a river within the Piedra Blanca River basin, during an annual cycle. As a result of a taxonomic analysis a total of 121 taxa (species, varieties and forms were recorded. The Order Pennales predominated in number of species and relative frequency. The genus with the highest number of species was Navicula. The total number of species varied from a minimum of 21 in 2000 winter season in the Las Albahacas River (upstream riverside resort to a maximun of 49 in 2000 summer

IMPLANTACIÓN DE ENERGIAS RENOVABLES Y ESTIMACIÓN DE LA HUELLA DE CARBONO EN EL MUNICIPIO DE BLANCA (MURCIA

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José Molina Ruiz

2012-01-01

Full Text Available La introducción del concepto de sostenibilidad en el mercado energético implica la potenciación de las energías renovables activando políticas que fomenten su implantación. El éxito de estas políticas se plasmará en el incremento de participación de las energías renovables en el mix energético, en la reducción de emisiones de CO2 y en el cumplimiento de los compromisos internacionales. Este trabajo analiza el grado de implantación de las energías renovables en un municipio de la Región de Murcia (Blanca, valorando la incidencia de la legislación sectorial energética y estimando la huella de carbono derivada del consumo de energía eléctrica.

Aspectos biológicos y poblacionales de Nasonovia ribisnigri y Aulacorthum solani sobre lechuga

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Vasicek Araceli

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Se estimó la influencia de los cultivares Criolla Blanca, Cuatro Estaciones y Gallega, sobre la biología y los parámetros poblacionales de Nasonovia ribisnigri y Aulacorthum solani (Homoptera: Aphidoidea a 10±1ºC y HR de 90%. Los períodos ninfal, pre-reproductivo y post-reproductivo de N. ribisnigri fueron más largos sobre Cuatro Estaciones, no así el reproductivo. En A. solani el período ninfal fue más largo sobre Criolla Blanca y Cuatro Estaciones resultando el reproductivo mayor sobre Cuatro Estaciones. Las tasas intrínsecas de crecimiento natural (r m de N. ribisnigri y A. solani fueron mayores sobre Criolla Blanca y Gallega, respectivamente. De acuerdo a la especie predominante convendría utilizar Cuatro Estaciones para N. ribisnigri y Criolla Blanca para A. solani, en épocas frías.

Caracterización fisicoquímica y biológica de la calidad de aguas de la cuenca de la quebrada Piedras Blancas, Antioquia, Colombia

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José A. Posada G.

2000-03-01

Full Text Available Entre abril y diciembre de 1996, se llevó a cabo un estudio limnológico de 17 quebradas ubicada en el área del Parque Piedras Blancas (6° 8' 20''N, 75° 30' 20''Wlocalizado al SE de Medellín a 2 400 m de altura. El estudio se realizó en 35 estaciones de muestreo y se establecieron tres períodos de muestreo: el primero entre abril y mayo, el segundo de agosto a septiembre y el tercero de octubre a diciembre de 1996. La finalidad del mismo era establecer la calidad ecológica de las aguas ubicadas en el área del Parque. Para la recolección cualitativa de los macroinvertebrados se utilizaron las redes D-net y de pantalla. El área de muestreo en cada estación fue de 6 m2. Las variables fisicoquímicas mostraron fluctuaciones bajas a lo largo del estudio, excepto la conductividad y los sólidos totales, cuyos cambios estuvieron relacionados con la alta pluviosidad durante el período de estudio. La comunidad de macroinvertebrados encontrada, estuvo conformada por 113 géneros, pertenecientes a 63 familias y siete Phyla, siendo el orden Tichoptera el más abundante. El área de muestreo en cada estación fue de 6 m². El resultado del estudio muestra como la cuenca de la quebrada Piedras Blancas presenta condiciones que pueden clasificarse en términos generales como oligo-mesotróficas.From April to December 1996 a limnological study was carried out in 17 streams near Medellín, in order to stablish their water quality. The area is located in Piedras Blancas Park (6° 8' 20''N, 75° 30' 20''W SE of Medellín at 2 400 m altitude. Three sampling periods, encompasing wet and dry seasons were selected: April-May, August-September and October-December. For qualitative collection methods hand screen D-net were used. Each station was intensively sampled to collect most macroinvertebrates in all types of habitat. The area sampled in each station was 6 m². Physicochemical variables in general showed small fluctuations along the study; only

CASOS SELECTOS DE RESISTENCIA A INSECTICIDAS EN MOSCAS BLANCAS (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae EN EL MUNDO

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Macías-flores A

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Las moscas blancas (Hemíptera: Aleyrodidae son un problema a escala global. En México, llamó la atención como plaga agrícola en la década de los años 80´s y 90´s del siglo pasado por las pérdidas económicas que ocasionaron en los cultivos agrícolas, debido a los daños directos por la succión de savia y a los daños indirectos por la transmisión de enfermedades de origen viral. El hombre en su intento fallido por erradicarlas ha hecho uso desmedido de insecticidas químicos, quizás por su accesibilidad por costo bajo o por efectos de control inmediatos, por lo cual ha causado daño al medio ambiente y a la salud humana, con la consecuencia de desarrollo de resistencia. En un intento por disminuir los efectos de tales sustancias, muchas investigaciones alrededor del mundo se han conducido para encontrar productos insecticidas más efectivos con el menor impacto ambiental y a la salud humana, y que contribuyan a incrementar las herramientas de control disponibles en los sistemas de producción agrícola.

Parásitos en aguas del arroyo Naposta, aguas de recreación y de consumo en la ciudad de Bahia Blanca (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina)

OpenAIRE

COSTAMAGNA, SIXTO RAÚL; VISCIARELLI, ELENA; LUCCHI, LEANDRO D; BASUALDO, JUAN A

2005-01-01

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue detectar la presencia de parásitos de importancia sanitaria para el hombre, en el arroyo Napostá, en aguas recreacionales (piscinas públicas) y de consumo en Bahía Blanca (Provincia de Buenos Aires) Argentina. Se recolectaron 24.000 litros de agua de diferentes sectores del arroyo Napostá, 2.000 litros de cada una de las tres piscinas públicas y 8.000 litros de agua de consumo, mediante filtros de poro de una micra de diámetro (Cuno Micro Wind). El procesa...

La norma y la práctica en el centro socialista de Bahía Blanca: afiliaciones, cotizaciones, bajas y renuncias (1911-1919

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Cabezas, Gonzalo Ezequiel

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen Este artículo es un estudio de caso en clave microanalítica, que analiza las prácticas de afiliación, cotización, baja y renuncia en el centro socialista de Bahía Blanca en 1911-1919, contrastando cómo debía ser el procedimiento formal según las normas y/o costumbres establecidas en el partido y cómo era el habitual, junto con las razones de los afiliados para justificar que la práctica se alejara de la norma. Proponemos entender las prácticas dentro del continuum que va de lo formal a lo informal (de las reglas a los procedimientos cotidianos, en un intento por trascender la dicotomía entre accionar “tradicional y moderno” (signo del atraso y del progreso respectivamente, común en los estudios sobre partidos políticos en general y sobre socialismo en particular. Abstract This article is a case study in microanalytical key, which analyzes the practices of affiliation, contribution, unenlisting and resignation in the socialist center of Bahía Blanca in 1911- 1919, contrasting how should be the formal procedure according to the rules and/or costumes established in the party and how was the usual one, along with the reasons of the affiliates to justify that the practice moved away from the norm. We propose to understand the practices within the continuum that goes from formal to informal (from the rules to the usual procedures, in an attempt to transcend the dichotomy between “traditional and modern” action (sign of backwardness and progress respectively, common in studies of political parties in general and of socialism in particular.

Environmental cadmium and lead concentrations in the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina. Potential toxic effects of Cd and Pb on crab larvae

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Laura Ferrer

2000-12-01

Full Text Available The Bahía Blanca Estuary includes a large tidal plain with an area close to 1150 km2. Mud is predominant in its sediments, where a significant population of the crab Chasmagnathus granulata lives during the whole year. Moreover, there are important urban and industrial discharges into this environment. Cd and Pb concentrations were determined in samples of water (for both dissolved and suspended particulate matter and surface sediments (total and 63 µm fractions. Organic matter was analysed in the sediments, while temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen were measured in the estuarine water. The metal concentrations determined in this study were: 1.47 ± 1.08 µg Cd g–1 and 14.68 ± 4.31 µg Pb g–1 in surface sediments; 2.21 ± 1.33 µg Cd g–1 and 25.70 ± 7.09 µg Pb g–1 in the –1 and below the analytical detection limit of Pb in suspended particulate matter. Furthermore, dissolved Cd and Pb were lower than the norms for marine and estuarine waters (2 µg dm–3 for Cd and 5 µg dm–3 for Pb, E.P.A.. Simultaneously, the effects of Cd and Pb were studied on recently hatched larvae of Ch. granulata, through 96-hour semi-static acute assays. Viability was the criterion assessed in the assays. LC50 (96 h for Cd was 46.43 µg dm–3 (36.92 - 56.34 µg dm–3, whilst that for Pb was 1.00 mg m–3 (0.79 - 1.23 mg dm–3, which demonstrates that Cd is more toxic towards larvae. Finally, both LC50 values determined for Cd and Pb were higher than the corresponding metal concentrations measured in the Bahía Blanca environment.

Prototipo de monitoreo y alarma para la detección de heladas blancas en sectores rurales de Sogamoso

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Willmar Arbey Suarez- Rodrígez

2018-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo muestra el diseño de un prototipo de monitoreo y alarma que permite la detección de heladas blancas y sirve de base para el desarrollo de un prototipo que posibilite la detección y predicción de heladas negras. El dispositivo, muestra las variables atmosféricas de temperatura y humedad, las comunica a un servidor local (Broker mediante WiFi y el protocolo MQTT, éste a su vez retransmite la información útil a otros dispositivos finales, como celulares y computadoras. El sistema es capaz de alertar mediante una alarma y permitir la comunicación de estos eventos a los diferentes dispositivos finales. Para lograr ésto, fue necesario seleccionar los dispositivos, tecnologías y protocolos convenientes, realizar un diseño y validarlo por medio de la emulación de las condiciones de temperatura y humedad adecuadas.

Pável Valenzuela Arámburo, Santísima muerte : Niña blanca, niña bonita. El culto popular a la Santa Muerte

OpenAIRE

Le Luherne, Moran

2015-01-01

El documental Santísima muerte : Niña blanca, niña bonita. El culto popular a la Santa Muerte de Pável Valenzuela Arámburo forma parte de un proyecto de investigación titulado « Mística popular transfronteriza. Tradiciones y santos populares en la frontera México-Estados Unidos », coordinado por el Doctor José Manuel Valenzuela Arce y publicado en el Colegio de la Frontera Norte. Se enfoca en el culto de la Santa Muerte, culto religioso que emergió desde principios del siglo veinte en México,...

Belonging out of Context: the Intersection of Place, Networks and Ethnic Identity among Retired British Migrants Living in the Costa Blanca

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Anya AHMED

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Intra-European migration is now a well-documented phenomenon among older people and for UK retirees, Spain is the most popular choice. ‘Belonging’ is particularly important when attempting to understand experiences of migration since often people become aware that they need to belong precisely when they realise that they do not. However, although belonging is a recurrent theme in identity and migration discourse it is rarely defined. This paper explores the concept of belonging in relation to the experiences of a group of retired women living in the Costa Blanca in Spain and considers its multiple and overlapping representations. The myriad forms of belonging that these ‘lifestyle migrants’ construct through narrative in relation to place, networks and ethnic identity and the central intersecting role of language are considered and discussed.

Uma pena de ouro para a Abolição: a lei do 13 de maio e a participação popular

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Renata Figueiredo Moraes

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A abolição da escravidão no Brasil, em maio de 1888, não envolveu apenas literatos, políticos, jornalistas e a família imperial, mas também, trabalhadores, abolicionistas e moradores dos subúrbios da província do Rio de Janeiro e de locais mais afastados. A participação desses foi marcada, por exemplo, pela subscrição popular realizada nas vésperas da Abolição e apoiada por um jornal, O Paiz, no intuito de comprar a pena de ouro a ser utilizada pela princesa regente no momento da assinatura da lei. A oferta do dinheiro foi feita por meio de doações individuais ou coletivas em que se depositaram também as expectativas em torno do fim da escravidão e os sentidos de liberdade mais amplos associados à Abolição. Os outros festejos promovidos pela imprensa são fundamentais para entendermos a mediação desses sentidos feita por ela.

Uranium-series constraints on radionuclide transport and groundwater flow at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Sierra Pena Blanca, Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Goldstein, Steven J; Abdel-Fattah, Amr I; Murrell, Michael T; Dobson, Patrick F; Norman, Deborah E; Amato, Ronald S; Nunn, Andrew J

2010-03-01

Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the Nopal I uranium ore deposit were obtained to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes for a nuclear waste repository located in fractured, unsaturated volcanic tuff. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 are consistent with a simple physical mixing model that indicates that groundwater velocities are low ( approximately 10 m/y). Uranium isotopic constraints, well productivities, and radon systematics also suggest limited groundwater mixing and slow flow in the saturated zone. Uranium isotopic systematics for seepage water collected in the mine adit show a spatial dependence which is consistent with longer water-rock interaction times and higher uranium dissolution inputs at the front adit where the deposit is located. Uranium-series disequilibria measurements for mostly unsaturated zone samples indicate that (230)Th/(238)U activity ratios range from 0.005 to 0.48 and (226)Ra/(238)U activity ratios range from 0.006 to 113. (239)Pu/(238)U mass ratios for the saturated zone are 1000 times lower than the U mobility. Saturated zone mobility decreases in the order (238)U approximately (226)Ra > (230)Th approximately (239)Pu. Radium and thorium appear to have higher mobility in the unsaturated zone based on U-series data from fractures and seepage water near the deposit.

Uranium-series constraints on radionuclide transport and groundwater flow at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Sierra Pena Blanca, Mexico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goldstein, S.J.; Abdel-Fattah, A.I.; Murrell, M.T.; Dobson, P.F.; Norman, D.E.; Amato, R.S.; Nunn, A. J.

2009-10-01

Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the Nopal I uranium ore deposit were obtained to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes for a nuclear waste repository located in fractured, unsaturated volcanic tuff. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 are consistent with a simple physical mixing model that indicates that groundwater velocities are low ({approx}10 m/y). Uranium isotopic constraints, well productivities, and radon systematics also suggest limited groundwater mixing and slow flow in the saturated zone. Uranium isotopic systematics for seepage water collected in the mine adit show a spatial dependence which is consistent with longer water-rock interaction times and higher uranium dissolution inputs at the front adit where the deposit is located. Uranium-series disequilibria measurements for mostly unsaturated zone samples indicate that {sup 230}Th/{sup 238}U activity ratios range from 0.005-0.48 and {sup 226}Ra/{sup 238}U activity ratios range from 0.006-113. {sup 239}Pu/{sup 238}U mass ratios for the saturated zone are <2 x 10{sup -14}, and Pu mobility in the saturated zone is >1000 times lower than the U mobility. Saturated zone mobility decreases in the order {sup 238}U{approx}{sup 226}Ra > {sup 230}Th{approx}{sup 239}Pu. Radium and thorium appear to have higher mobility in the unsaturated zone based on U-series data from fractures and seepage water near the deposit.

Uranium-series constraints on radionuclide transport and groundwater flow at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Sierra Pena Blanca, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goldstein, S.J.; Abdel-Fattah, A.I.; Murrell, M.T.; Dobson, P.F.; Norman, D.E.; Amato, R.S.; Nunn, A.J.

2009-01-01

Uranium-series data for groundwater samples from the Nopal I uranium ore deposit were obtained to place constraints on radionuclide transport and hydrologic processes for a nuclear waste repository located in fractured, unsaturated volcanic tuff. Decreasing uranium concentrations for wells drilled in 2003 are consistent with a simple physical mixing model that indicates that groundwater velocities are low (∼10 m/y). Uranium isotopic constraints, well productivities, and radon systematics also suggest limited groundwater mixing and slow flow in the saturated zone. Uranium isotopic systematics for seepage water collected in the mine adit show a spatial dependence which is consistent with longer water-rock interaction times and higher uranium dissolution inputs at the front adit where the deposit is located. Uranium-series disequilibria measurements for mostly unsaturated zone samples indicate that 230 Th/ 238 U activity ratios range from 0.005-0.48 and 226 Ra/ 238 U activity ratios range from 0.006-113. 239 Pu/ 238 U mass ratios for the saturated zone are -14 , and Pu mobility in the saturated zone is >1000 times lower than the U mobility. Saturated zone mobility decreases in the order 238 U∼ 226 Ra > 230 Th∼ 239 Pu. Radium and thorium appear to have higher mobility in the unsaturated zone based on U-series data from fractures and seepage water near the deposit.

Ichthyoplankton spatial pattern in the inner shelf off Bahía Blanca Estuary, SW Atlantic Ocean

Science.gov (United States)

Hoffmeyer, Mónica Susana; Clara, Menéndez María; Florencia, Biancalana; Mabel, Nizovoy Alicia; Ramón, Torres Eduardo

2009-09-01

This study focuses on the composition, abundance and distribution of ichthyoplankton in the inner shelf area off Bahía Blanca Estuary on the SW Atlantic Ocean during late spring. Eggs and larvae of Brevoortia aurea, Engraulis anchoita, Parona signata, Sciaenidae spp. - such as Cynoscion guatucupa and Micropogonias furnieri -, and Odontesthes argentinensis were found. Species richness was low probably as a result of season and shallow depths. Ichthyoplankton abundance reached values close to 10 000 per 10 m -3 (eggs) and 4000 per 10 m -3 (larvae) and displayed a spatial distribution pattern with maximum abundance values restricted to a band parallel to the coast. Differences between egg and larval patterns, probably derived from a different displacement and hydrodynamic behavior, were observed. Egg and larvae distribution patterns were found related with spawning areas and to directly depend on salinity and mesozooplankton. The larvae distribution pattern, in particular, was found to inversely depend on particulate organic carbon. In addition, the geographic location of egg and larvae maxima strongly coincided with a saline front reported for this area in springtime, thus suggesting a direct relationship with it.

Organotin compounds in Brachidontes rodriguezii mussels from the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Quintas, Pamela Y; Arias, Andrés H; Oliva, Ana L; Domini, Claudia E; Alvarez, Mónica B; Garrido, Mariano; Marcovecchio, Jorge E

2017-11-01

Levels of tributyltin and its breakdown compounds, including the first record of monobutyltin (MBT) in history for Latin America, were determined in native mussels (Brachidontes rodriguezii) by means of CG-MS, after extraction/derivatization assisted by ultrasound. The samples were collected in 2013 in Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina) at 6 sites, which reflect different levels of maritime activities. Total butyltins (TBts = TBT+ DBT+ MBT) levels ranged from 19.64 to 180.57ng Sn g -1 dry weight. According to the Oslo-Paris commission, the results indicated that 73.9% of mussels could be under biological effects risks associated with TBT pollution. In accordance with the calculated bioaccumulation factors, approximately 56% of samples appeared to have accumulated TBT through the sediments. All sampling sites were shown to be impacted by organotin compounds (OTCs) showing variable levels through seasons, which could be related with the variation of the water temperature. Degradation index analyses suggested aged inputs of TBT possibly under a general degradation process at the area of study. In addition, the occurrence of DBT and MBT could not be uniquely attributed to the degradation pathway of the TBT; in fact, results outlined the possible contribution of some punctual and diffuse sources at the area such as proximity to plastic industries, industrial effluents, sewage outlets and domestic wastewaters. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The invasive MenC cc103 lineage with penicillin reduced susceptibility persisting in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Fonseca, Érica L; Marin, Michel A; Freitas, Fernanda S; Vitório, Bruna S A; de Araújo, Flávio M G; Camargo, Dhian R A; Coimbra, Roney S; De Filippis, Ivano R; Vicente, Ana Carolina P

2017-09-01

Penicillin is the antibiotic of choice for the treatment of meningococcal infections, and mutations in penA gene are involved with reduced susceptibility (pen I ) emergence to this antibiotic. This study aimed to characterize the penA allelic diversity, their association with pen I phenotype and distribution among prevalent meningococci serogroups in Brazil. The entire penA from 49 invasive strains of distinct serogroups circulating in Brazil for more than two decades were obtained by PCR and sequencing. Additionally, the penA from 22 publicly available complete Neisseria meningitidis genomes from Brazil were included in the study. The allelic diversity was determined and a genetic tree was built using the penA sequence alignment. The penicillin MIC was obtained by the E-Test method. In general, the identified penA alleles correlated with the observed pen I phenotype. The canonical penA1 was the most prevalent allele, however, several altered penA were also identified in strains presenting increased penicillin MICs. It was identified a new penA amino acid position (residue 480) that possibly influence the penicillin MIC in some strains. Interestingly, the altered penA14 was found in pen I invasive MenC cc103 strains spread in Brazil and persisting since 2011, indicating that the biological cost imposed by pen I phenotype can be ameliorated by particular features present in this lineage, which represents an additional public health threat. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Valorización de arcillas españolas para su incorporación en la formulación de pastas cerámicas de cocción blanca

OpenAIRE

Barrachina Albert, Ester

2011-01-01

La industria cerámica española mantiene una fuerte dependencia en cuanto a la importación de arcillas de cocción blanca, por carecer de las suficientes reservas mineras de este tipo de minerales. El objetivo de esta tesis se divide en dos partes. Por un lado, se intenta valorizar las arcillas españolas mediante diversas técnicas (hidrociclonado, separación magnética y calcinación) con el fin de eliminar las impurezas de compuestos de hierro y de materia orgánica que presentan, para que pue...

La casa y la mesa de la reina Blanca de Navarra (1433

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Serrano Larrayoz, Fernando

2000-06-01

Full Text Available This study tries to amplify a subject not developed enough, for the moment, in the lines of historical research that are being carried out in Navarre. It is divided in two sections. On one hand, aspects as servants, provision, products and prices, among others, have been studied through the organisation in queen Blanca's Hostel. On the other hand, we have approached the symbolic factor that feeding implies. We have also studied questions relating to crockery, feeding paces, religious aspects and beneficiaries from food. At last, in spite of having few and dispersed data, we have tried to give a view about culinary practises in the navarresse court during the first half of the 15th century.[fr] L'étude envisage l'approfondisement d'un sujet jusqu'au présent peu développé, dans les lignes de recherche historique prioritaires en Navarre. Le travail est divisé en deux sections. D'une part, l'organisation de l'Hôtel de la reine Blanche, dont on a analise les serviteurs, les fourniseurs, les produits et les prix, parmis d'autres aspects de l'institution. De l'autre, on s'est approché à l'élément symbolique que la nourriture implique, en touchant des matières comme les vaisselles, les rythmes alimentaires, les aspects religieux et les bénéficiaires des aliments. Enfin, malgré les rares sources disponibles, on a cherché à donner aussi une vision générale des pratiques culinaires de la Cour navarraise au XVᵉ siècle.

Humedad crítica y repelencia al agua en andisoles bajo cobertura de cupressus lusitanica y quercus humboldtii en la cuenca de la quebrada piedras blancas (medellín, colombia).

OpenAIRE

Caballero Mejía, Bibiana; Jaramillo Jaramillo, Daniel Francisco

2011-01-01

En dos vertientes de la cuenca de la quebrada Piedras Blancas (Medellín, Colombia) se estudió la relación humedad – persistencia de la repelencia al agua en la parte superficial de andisoles bajo dos coberturas vegetales: Cupressus lusitanica (ciprés) y Quercus humboldtii (roble), en tres posiciones a lo largo de la vertiente de colinas bajas: superior, media e inferior y en dos condiciones de humedad: con la humedad de campo y con la humedad adquirida al equilibrar al aire durante dos días m...

“Eres muy blanca para ser de allá”: racialización y blanquitud en instituciones de educación superior, Colombia

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Adriana Marcela Pérez Rodríguez

2018-06-01

Full Text Available En este artículo exploro aspectos de mi trayectoria de blanquitud, por medio de un análisis de la racialización del género en Cúcuta y Bogotá, Colombia. A partir de un ejercicio autoetnográfico de la memoria, consigno experiencias en mi diario de campo para interpretar mi proceso de constitución como sujeta blanca y mi participación en la construcción de representaciones lícitas y sancionables de feminidades racializadas. Estos procesos estaban análogamente vinculados a las luchas por la racialización de los espacios, como mi barrio o la institución de educación superior en la que estudié, y la designación de sus legítimos propietarios.

Abundancia, tamaño y estructura poblacional del tiburón punta blanca de arrecife, Triaenodon obesus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae, en Bahía Chatham, Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica

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Ilena Zanella

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Doce especies de tiburones habitan las aguas del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco (PNIC y uno de los más abundantes es el tiburón punta blanca de arrecife, Triaenodon obesus. El presente estudio determinó la abundancia, tallas y estructura de la población de esta especie en la zona de Bahía Chatham, PNIC. Se utilizó el método de marcaje y recaptura y se realizaron conteos subacuáticos visuales, con el fin de determinar su abundancia relativa y contabilizar recapturas visuales. Los tiburones punta blanca de Bahía Chatham no presentan segregación ontogénica espacial definida; pero si una alta fidelidad a los a sitios de residencia dentro de esta bahía. La longitud total promedio de los tiburones marcados fue de 101.8±12.1cm, con una longitud total máxima de 130.0cm y una mínima de 71.0cm. La mediana de las longitudes totales de los tiburones machos (103.5±21.33cm y hembras (100.1±11.2cm no difirieron significativamente (H = 1.78; p=0.1818. La abundancia relativa en Bahía Chatham, PNIC fue de 49.5±10.4 tiburones/h. El tamaño estimado de la población usando el método de de captura-recaptura fue de 408 (IC=181-1050.

The energy balance of tropical Glaciar Artesonraju, Cordillera Blanca, Perú - AWS-measurements and numerical modeling

Science.gov (United States)

Galos, S.; Mölg, T.; MacDonell, S.; Großhauser, M.; Marzeion, B.

2012-04-01

Like in most regions of the world, tropical glaciers in the Peruvian Andes have experienced considerable mass loss during the last decades. In order to better understand and correctly interpret the ongoing glacier changes in this region, we need to examine the driving processes behind these changes. Therefore we installed several automatic weather stations (AWS) in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range. Two of these stations are situated in the ablation area of Glaciar Shallap and Glaciar Artesonraju, while four other stations were established in the vicinity of the two glaciers. The resulting eight year record of meteorological data is analyzed and finally used as input for a physically based numerical energy and mass balance model, which in a first step was applied to the ablation zone of Glaciar Artesonraju (8.96° S / 77.63° W). In July 2010, eddy covariance measurements were carried out on the glacier surface. The resulting data was used to calibrate the parametrization scheme for the turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat. Finally the model output was validated against ablation data from a sonic ranger and from single stake ablation measurements. The model results were interpreted with special respect to the seasonal fluctuation in atmospheric moisture (tropical wet / dry season).

INOCULACIÓN IN VITRO DE LA ROYA BLANCA (Puccinia horiana HENNINGS EN CRISANTEMO (Dendranthema grandiflora TZVELEV

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C\\u00E9sar Vences-Contreras

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio tuvo como finalidad el desarrollar la técnica de inoculación in vitro de la roya blanca, con el objeto de ahorrar tiempo y espacio en la caracterización de los distintos cultivares de crisantemo respecto al grado de susceptibilidad o resistencia a este patógeno. En Tenancingo, Estado de México, en el periodo 2004-2005 se colectaron hojas de crisantemo que presentaban daños por la enfermedad, se desinfectaron para posteriormente inocular las pústulas sobre plantas creciendo bajo condiciones in vitro. El recipiente de cultivo se mantuvo a una humedad relativa alrededor del 95% y temperaturas entre los 13 y 27 ºC, bajo condiciones de luz y oscuridad. Los daños por la enfermedad se manifestaron a los 20 días después de la inoculación. Los tratamientos a 17 ºC y oscuridad generaron un mayor número de pústulas (18,7. El diámetro de las pústulas fluctuó entre los 0,71 mm (tratamientos con 17 ºC y luz a los 1,79 mm en los tratamientos con 19 ºC y bajo oscuridad.

Queratitis por Acanthamoeba sp.: primer caso confirmado por aislamiento y tipificación molecular en Bahía Blanca, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina Acanthamoeba sp. keratitis: first case confirmed by isolation and molecular typification in Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

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M. L. Gertiser

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Algunas especies del género Acanthamoeba provocan queratitis amebiana (QA, una infección de la córnea muy dolorosa, generalmente unilateral, con compromiso importante de la visión. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 31 años usuaria de lentes de contacto con hábitos inadecuados de higiene y conservación de las lentes. La paciente consultó por enrojecimiento y dolor intenso en el ojo derecho, de dos meses de evolución. Luego del examen oftalmológico y ante la sospecha de una etiología parasitaria se realizó una biopsia de la zona lesionada, que se destinó al análisis bacteriológico y parasitológico en el laboratorio. También se remitieron los líquidos de lavado y el estuche de las lentes. No se detectó crecimiento bacteriano en las muestras. Los cultivos para la búsqueda de Acanthamoeba resultaron positivos en todos los especímenes analizados. Las amebas aisladas fueron clasificadas morfológica y molecularmente como pertenecientes al género Acanthamoeba. El presente trabajo muestra el primer caso de queratitis por Acanthamoeba de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca identificado por el laboratorio mediante procedimientos de alto valor diagnóstico.Some species of the Acanthamoeba genus cause keratitis, a very painful, most likely unilateral corneal infection , associated with eye and vision impairment. We here present a case of a 31-year-old female patient, a regular user of soft contact lenses without good practices of lens hygiene and handling. The patient attended medical consultation after two months of inflammation and pain in her right eye. After ophthalmological studies, and due to suspicion of a parasitic infection, a biopsy was performed and the sample submitted for bacteriological and parasitological analyses. Moreover, contact lens holders and lens cleaning solutions were studied. The samples yielded negative results for bacterial infection. However, cultivation of all samples showed the presence of amoeboid parasites

Experience in the transport and disposal of uranium mill tailings from Aldama City to Sierra Pena Blanca in Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ruiz, M.; Molina, G.; Angeles C, A.; Cruz G, S.; Lizacano C, D.; Reyes, J.; Rojas, V.

1996-01-01

In the process of decontamination, transport and disposal of uranium mill tailings, in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, was necessary the multidisciplinary and multi institutional task to select mainly the site for the final disposal. The uranium mill tailings content Ra-226 which half live time is 1600 years, therefore the site should be adequately stable, a remote place of population, and which containment will survive for thousand of years. The decontamination of site where the uranium mill tailings were 25 years ago, required the application of norms from regulator organism. For the transport of uranium mill tailings was necessary that the vehicles had devices to reduce the dispersion of material in the road. The selection of the site was product of balance between the cost of transport and the final disposal. To typify the site, studies of hydrology, meteorology, ecology, geology and seismology were performed. On the other hand, the decision to locate the deposit in the site was due to dispersion of material by the rain, wind and bowls. (authors). 3 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab

Cultural mechanisms in the exchange of social support among Puerto Ricans after a natural disaster.

Science.gov (United States)

Rivera, Fernando I

2012-06-01

In this study, I uncovered the dynamics involved in the exchange (or lack) of social support among a group of Puerto Ricans who experienced a natural disaster. I coded and analyzed 12 semistructured qualitative interviews. My analysis of the interviews revealed that a reported high degree of need was not associated with any type of help seeking from the respondents' social support networks. Relevant issues that arose in explaining the lack of social support exchanges were level of comfort in help seeking and cultural issues. My findings point to the importance of culture in shaping patterns of help-seeking behavior in the aftermath of a disaster. Two of the most salient cultural explanations as to why disaster victims were reluctant to ask for help from family and friends were the issues of confianza (trust) and pena (embarrassment). I discuss the results with reference to how they might help in planning and establishing programs to maximize help seeking among Latinos/as in an emergency situation.

Terra de ninguém: escravidão e direito natural no jovem Joaquim Nabuco

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Ricardo Benzaquen de Araújo

Full Text Available RESUMO O texto em pauta pretende se concentrar na análise do primeiro livro redigido por Joaquim Nabuco, A escravidão, no qual ele relata a sua experiência na defesa de um escravo julgado por crimes de morte em Pernambuco em 1869. Ao sustentar sua argumentação em uma dura crítica do cativeiro, formulada no contexto da tradição do Direito Natural, e na discussão de questões vinculadas aos conceitos de propriedade, fetichismo e despotismo, além de uma consideração da noção escolástica de pessoa, Nabuco torna possível não só um diálogo entre a teologia medieval e o liberalismo moderno, como também a preservação da vida do seu constituinte, que acaba tendo a sua pena comutada para a de prisão perpétua.

Slope movements in Callejón de Huyalas, Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vilímek, V.; Zapata, M. L.; Stemberk, Josef

2003-01-01

Roč. 35, supplementum (2003), s. 39-51 ISSN 0300-5402 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z3046908 Keywords : slope movements * natural hazards * Cordillera Blanca Subject RIV: DB - Geology ; Mineralogy

A ~20,000 year history of glacial variability in the tropical Andes recorded in lake sediments from the Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Stansell, N.; Rodbell, D. T.; Moy, C. M.

2010-12-01

Pro-glacial lake sediments from the Cordillera Blanca, Peru contain continuous records of climate variability spanning the Last Glacial Maximum to present day. Here we present results from two alpine lake basins in the Queshgue Valley (9.8°S, 77.3°W) that contain high-resolution records of clastic sediment deposition for the last ~20,000 years. Radiocarbon-dated sediment cores were scanned at 0.5 to 1.0 cm resolution using a profiling x-ray fluorescence scanner for major and minor element distributions. In addition, we measured down-core variations in magnetic susceptibility, organic carbon, biogenic silica and calcium carbonate. Samples of bedrock and sediments from glacial moraines in the Queshgue watershed were analyzed using an ICP-MS in order to fingerprint and trace the source of glacial sediments deposited in the lakes. The bedrock is dominated by a combination of granodiorite with high Sr concentrations and meta-sedimentary rocks with high Zr values. Because the glacial sediments proximal to the modern glacier terminus are composed mostly of the granodiorite end-member, we interpret changes in Sr and clastic sediment concentrations in the lake sediment profiles as proxies for past glacial variability. Preliminary results indicate that glaciers retreated soon after ~14,500 cal yr BP and remained less extensive during the remaining late Glacial Stage and early Holocene. Gradually increasing clastic sediments through the middle and late Holocene indicate that glaciers became progressively larger, or more erosive towards present day. However, this overall Holocene trend of increasing glacier extent was interrupted by multiple periods of centennial- to millennial-scale ice margin retreat. For example, relative peaks in clastic sediments occurred from ~14,500 to 6000, 5600 to 5000, 4600 to 4200, 3600 to 3200, 2800 to 2700, 2400 to 2200, 1750 to 1550, 1100 to 900 cal yr BP, and during the Little Ice Age (~700 to 50 cal yr BP), while periods of low clastic

X-ray fluorescence analysis in environmental radiological surveillance using HPGe detectors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herrera Peraza, E.; Renteria Villalobos, M.; Montero Cabrera, M.E.; Munoz Romero, A.

2004-01-01

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) has been proven to be a valuable tool for determining trace quantities of heavy metals, such as uranium and lead, in different types of samples. The present paper demonstrates the applicability of XRF spectrometry to measure the concentrations of these heavy metals in samples from natural ore and soil. The values of uranium concentrations in rock from the Pena Blanca uranium ore, in Chihuahua, Mexico, were calculated for the purpose of precertifying the rock powders samples. The comparison with other techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, alpha spectrometry and electron microscopy, was used to complete the precertification process, so that the sample powders may be used as secondary standards. The source-sample-detector geometry and the incident angle are the most important factors for obtaining low detection limits. The selected system uses a 57 Co source of about 0.1 mCi to excite the K X-rays from uranium and lead. X-rays were recorded on a CANBERRA HPGe coaxial detector. The comparative results for two incident angles (90 deg and 180 deg ) performed previously by other authors show that the best geometry is the backscattering geometry. In the present paper, using EGS4 code system with Monte Carlo simulation, it was possible to determine the location and distribution of background produced by the Compton edge in the optimized geometry. This procedure allowed to find the minimum detectable concentration of uranium and lead, which was experimentally calculated using standards. The possibility of performing in vivo measurements rapidly and easily, as well as the factors affecting accuracy and the minimum detectable concentration in several samples are also discussed

X-ray fluorescence analysis in environmental radiological surveillance using HPGe detectors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Herrera Peraza, E. [Department of Environmental Radiological Surveillance, Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV), P.O. Box 31109, Miguel de Cervantes no. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua (Mexico)]. E-mail: eduardo.herrera@cimav.edu.mx; Renteria Villalobos, M. [Department of Environmental Radiological Surveillance, Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV), P.O. Box 31109, Miguel de Cervantes no. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua (Mexico); Montero Cabrera, M.E. [Department of Environmental Radiological Surveillance, Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV), P.O. Box 31109, Miguel de Cervantes no. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua (Mexico); Munoz Romero, A. [Department of Environmental Radiological Surveillance, Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados (CIMAV), P.O. Box 31109, Miguel de Cervantes no. 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua (Mexico)

2004-10-08

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) has been proven to be a valuable tool for determining trace quantities of heavy metals, such as uranium and lead, in different types of samples. The present paper demonstrates the applicability of XRF spectrometry to measure the concentrations of these heavy metals in samples from natural ore and soil. The values of uranium concentrations in rock from the Pena Blanca uranium ore, in Chihuahua, Mexico, were calculated for the purpose of precertifying the rock powders samples. The comparison with other techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, alpha spectrometry and electron microscopy, was used to complete the precertification process, so that the sample powders may be used as secondary standards. The source-sample-detector geometry and the incident angle are the most important factors for obtaining low detection limits. The selected system uses a {sup 57}Co source of about 0.1 mCi to excite the K X-rays from uranium and lead. X-rays were recorded on a CANBERRA HPGe coaxial detector. The comparative results for two incident angles (90 deg and 180 deg ) performed previously by other authors show that the best geometry is the backscattering geometry. In the present paper, using EGS4 code system with Monte Carlo simulation, it was possible to determine the location and distribution of background produced by the Compton edge in the optimized geometry. This procedure allowed to find the minimum detectable concentration of uranium and lead, which was experimentally calculated using standards. The possibility of performing in vivo measurements rapidly and easily, as well as the factors affecting accuracy and the minimum detectable concentration in several samples are also discussed.

La memoria de Malvinas y la “batalla por la marca”: Bahía Blanca, la guerra de Malvinas, y la refundación nacional (1982-2012

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Andrea Belén Rodríguez

2014-04-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende analizar los significados y representaciones condensados en los emprendimientos para establecer lugares de la memoria de Malvinas en Bahía Blanca desde 1982 hasta el 2012, contextualizándolos en las luchas por la memoria de la guerra a nivel local y nacional. Hace foco en tres iniciativas para construir memoriales de Malvinas en esta ciudad del sudoeste bonaerense –que se imaginó históricamente como la “Capital del sur argentino” y “Puerta de la Patagonia”-, haciendo hincapié en los actores que se involucraron en las “batallas por la marca”, sus objetivos y proyectos, así como en las coyunturas de activación memorial.

Estudio histológico del sistema digestivo en diferentes estadios de desarrollo de la cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus

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Miguel Ángel Mendoza R.

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus es la segunda fuente de producción piscícola en Colombia, después de la tilapia roja (Oreochomi ssp. y antes de la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss. Se destaca, además, como una de las especies con mayor potencial productivo en el país. Se realizó el estudio histológico del sistema digestivo de la Piaractus brachypomus a fin determinar la morfología normal en diferentes estadios de desarrollo. Para ello se clasificaron los animales según la edad, el tamaño y el peso en ovas embrionadas, larvas con saco vitelino, alevinos después de reabsorción de saco vitelino, juveniles (3-5 cm, 5-7 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm y adultos (300 g. La fijación de los tejidos se realizó en formaldehído al 3,7 % y se describió microscópicamente cavidad bucal, faringe, esófago, estómago, ciegos pilóricos, intestinos y las glándulas anexas, hígado y páncreas. Por último, se describió macroscópicamente la organización anatómica de este sistema.

Delta progradation and Neoglaciation, Laguna Parón, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Seltzer, Geoffrey O.; Rodbell, Donald T.

2005-10-01

The history of Holocene glaciation serves as an important record of glacier mass balance and, therefore, of climatic change. The moraine record of Holocene glaciation in the tropical Andes, however, is fragmentary and poorly dated. In contrast, increases in the rate of accumulation of inorganic sediment in glacier-fed lakes have been linked to periods of Neoglaciation in many mountain regions. The interpretation of such a record of Neoglaciation from sediment cores in glacier-fed lakes in the tropical Andes can provide the continuity and chronologic control that is lacking in the existing moraine record. Unusual exposures of glacial lacustrine sediment in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, provide a rare opportunity to assess the link between climatic change, glaciation, and lacustrine sedimentation.Intentional lowering of water levels in Laguna Parón (9°S, 77°44 W, 4200 m a.s.l.) in 1985 resulted in the incision and exposure of at least 20 m of deltaic deposits at the eastern end of the lake. Three deltaic units can be identified: horizontal topset beds, steeply dipping and deformed foreset beds, and horizontally laminated fine-grained sediment. Six radiocarbon ages ranging from 1800 +/- 210 to 465 +/- 95 14C yr BP on wood indicate that the average rate of delta progradation in the late Holocene has been approximately 290 m per 1000 yr. The lake formed during deglaciation at least 10 000 yr ago and if such a rate of progradation of the delta had prevailed over the entire Holocene, then the delta would be at least three times as extensive as it is today. Thus the rate of delta progradation has varied significantly over the Holocene. We suggest that the rate of delta progradation was at least three times greater when glaciers were in advanced positions. These positions are clearly delimited by Neoglacial moraines, which are within 1-2 km of the exposures studied and within 1 km of modern ice limits. The most recent increase in the rate of delta progradation is

Modificaciones en la distribución espacial de la temperatura y la humedad relativa como resultado del crecimiento urbano: el caso de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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F. Ferrelli

2016-04-01

Full Text Available El crecimiento de las ciudades genera modificaciones en la atmósfera local que pueden afectar la confortabilidad y calidad de vida de la población. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar la evolución de la isla de calor de verano e invierno entre los años 1985 y 2014 en Bahía Blanca (Argentina. Esta ciudad ha sufrido un importante aumento de la población y de las actividades industriales en los últimos años. Se estudió el aumento de la zona urbana construida, las variaciones espaciales de temperatura y humedad relativa y el crecimiento de la población. Se calcularon índices de confort climático (Humidex, Termohigrométrico y Temperatura Equivalente. La zona urbana construida se extendió más de 110 km² y el incremento de la población fue de 22,4 %. Las modificaciones en el espacio urbano, junto con una mayor densidad de edificios, generaron cambios en las temperaturas de verano de 1985 y 2014. En la primera el centro de la ciudad fue más cálido que las zonas periféricas. La zona más confortable fue la costera. En 2014, en el centro de la ciudad se presentaron las temperaturas más altas y las zonas más confortables fueron las periféricas y los parques. Las mediciones de invierno no registraron diferencias considerables entre sí en las mediciones nocturnas. Los resultados demostraron que el crecimiento de las edificaciones y el incremento de la población de Bahía Blanca modificaron la distribución espacial de la temperatura y la humedad relativa y generaron situaciones de desconfort. Estos resultados generaron información necesaria para futuros planes de desarrollo urbano.

HIDROFOBICIDAD EN ANDISOLES BAJO ROBLEDAL (Quercus humboldtii Y PLANTACIONES FORESTALES (Pinus patula y Cupressus lusitanica EN LA CUENCA DE LA QUEBRADA PIEDRAS BLANCAS (MEDELLÍN, COLOMBIA HYDROPHOBICITY OF ANDISOLS OF OAK GROVES (Quercus humboldtii AND TREE PLANTATIONS (Pinus patula and Cupressus lusitanica IN THE PIEDRAS BLANCAS WATERSHED ( MEDELLÍN, COLOMBIA

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Juan Raúl Duque Zapata

2004-12-01

Full Text Available En la cuenca de la quebrada Piedras Blancas se evaluó la persistencia de la repelencia al agua en el horizonte A de Andisoles bajo tres coberturas vegetales: Pinus patula, Cupressus lusitanica y Quercus humboldtii y en tres posiciones topográficas diferentes a lo largo de la vertiente de colinas bajas, mediante el método de WDPT, en muestras con la humedad de campo y secas al aire. En todas las coberturas se encontró repelencia al agua en los suelos. Además, cuando las muestras fueron secadas al aire, la persistencia de la repelencia al agua se incrementó. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la distribución de la persistencia de la repelencia al agua entre las coberturas y entre las posiciones en la vertiente de las colinas, sin que se presentara un comportamiento similar para las tres coberturas. Los suelos bajo cobertura de ciprés fueron los que presentaron los mayores valores de WDPT en todas las condiciones de medida, siendo este el primer reporte que se hace en la literatura, con un amplio respaldo muestral, de repelencia al agua en suelos bajo dicha cobertura vegetal. En ninguno de los casos, la humedad de las muestras fue el parámetro que explicara el comportamiento observado en la repelencia al agua de los suelos estudiados.The persistence of water repellency in the A horizon of Andisols was evaluated in the Piedras Blancas watershed under three vegetative covers: Pinus patula, Cupressus lusitanica, and Quercus humboldtii, and in three different topographic conditions across the slope of a low hill, using the WDPT method with samples containing field humidities and airdried samples. In all vegetative covers, water repellency of the soils was documented. Also, when the samples were air-dried, the persistency of the water repellency increased. A significant difference in the distribution of water repellency was documented among the different vegetative covers and topographic conditions, without a consistent pattern for the

Análisis comparativo y valoración del impacto de las medidas gubernamentales 2009 en salvaguardias, aranceles y cupos a las importaciones de línea blanca y café en el Ecuador

OpenAIRE

Carpio Cordero, Ximena; Orellana Rodas, Johanna

2010-01-01

El presente trabajo muestra los resultados e impacto real que se dio en el Ecuador en año 2009 luego de la implementación de las medidas gubernamentales en salvaguardias, aranceles y cupos a la importación de Línea Blanca y Línea Café. Para ello se vio en primer lugar la necesidad de realizar un estudio sobre el comportamiento y evolución de las importaciones totales del Ecuador desde el año 2004 hasta el año 2008, con el fin de identificar sus principales socios comerciales, los principales ...

A FALTA DE EFETIVIDADE DA LEI MARIA DA PENHA: UMA PENA JUSTA É AQUELA QUE RESTABELECE OS LAÇOS DESFEITOS PELO CRIME

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Adriana Maria Santos Pertel

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de um estudo da aplicabilidade da Justiça Restaurativa, no caso de crime de lesão corporal leve praticado contra a mulher no âmbito doméstico ou familiar, tendo como ponto central a vítima e não a lei, analisando a vontade daquela, como pressuposto primeiro, para a manutenção ou não dos laços afetivos que a prendem ao seu agressor. Destaca-se o julgamento da Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade n. 4.424, que proporciona uma nova leitura ao artigo 16 da Lei Maria da Penha, o qual autoriza o Ministério Público a instaurar a ação pública, sem necessidade de representação da vítima, excluindo-a do processo e, consequentemente, desconsiderando sua capacidade de realizar escolhas na vida. Esse entendimento atribuído pela Suprema Corte contraria a nova filosofia da Criminologia crítica, baseada em princípios de conciliação e mediação, com o objetivo de humanizar a pena e fazer com que a vítima participe da construção da solução do conflito, bem como de buscar o sentimento de responsabilidade, respeito e arrependimento do agressor. Palavras-chave: Justiça restaurativa. Vitimização. Lei Maria da Penha. Judiciário.

Influencia sobre parámetros biológicos de Tagosodes orizicolus relacionados con el Virus Hoja Blanca y su permanencia en invernaderos.

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Rafael Meneses

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de determinar la influencia que ejerce el Virus Hoja Blanca (VHB sobre el insecto, se estudiaron tres colonias de T. orizicolus, procedentes de diferentes zonas arroceras de Colombia (Tolima, Costa y Jamundí En las colonias de Costa (3 años y Tolima, (9 meses, de multiplicación en condiciones semicontroladas de invernadero, no se encontró influencia negativa del virus en la longevidad de machos y hembras, y la fecundidad diaria, no ocurriendo de modo semejante en los insectos de Jamundí (4 meses que si se manifestaron efectos deletéreos en todos los parámetros antes señalados; aspecto éste muy importante en la interacción entre entomólogos, virólogos y mejoradores, en la calidad de las evaluaciones de resistencia a esta plaga y al VHB de las líneas de arroz, depende el grado de resistencia o susceptibilidad de la nuevas variedades comerciales y éste es el principal factor en el Manejo Integrado de T. orizicolus y del VHB.

The energy balance on the surface of a tropical glacier tongue. Investigations on glacier Artesonraju, Cordillera Blanca, Perú.

Science.gov (United States)

Juen, I.; Mölg, T.; Wagnon, P.; Cullen, N. J.; Kaser, G.

2006-12-01

The Cordillera Blanca in Perú is situated in the Outer Tropics spanning from 8 to 10 ° South. Solar incidence and air temperature show only minor seasonal variations whereas precipitation occurs mainly from October to April. An energy balance station was installed on the tongue of glacier Artesonraju (4850 m a.s.l.) in March 2004. In this study each component of the energy balance on the glacier surface is analysed separately over a full year, covering one dry and one wet season. During the dry season glacier melt at the glacier tongue is app. 0.5 m we per month. In the wet season glacier melt is twice as much with 1 m we per month. This is due to higher energy fluxes and decreased sublimation during the wet season. With an energy balance model that has already been proved under tropical climate conditions (Mölg and Hardy, 2004) each energy flux is changed individually to evaluate the change in the amount of glacier melt. First results indicate that a change in humidity related variables affects glacier melt very differently in the dry and wet season, whereas a change in air temperature changes glacier melt more constantly throughout the year.

Optimizacion de una técnica para la detección de patologías virales en Pleoticus Muelleri (Bate, 1988 en el estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Ana M. Roccamo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available La comercialización de animales acuáticos require la implementación de controles sanitarios para la detección de virus patógenos estipulados por la Organización Mundial para la Salud Animal (OIE. De acuerdo con sus normas, y específicamente en lo que se refiere la comercialización de crustáceos, la OIE determina como enfermedades de declaración obligatoria, entre otras, a las denominadas: virus del síndrome de la mancha blanca (WSSV, virus de la cabeza amarilla (YHV y el virus del síndrome de Taura (TSV, las cuales son altamente peligrosas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la presencia o ausencia de estas virosis en poblaciones de langostinos silvestres (Pleoticus muelleri en el estuario de Bahía Blanca, aplicando metodologías bioquímicas, de biología molecular y genéticas. Los resultados demuestran que se ha logrado optimizar la metodología para la extracción y purificación de ADN y ARN de tejido y hemolinfa de langostinos y el correcto manejo en la captura, acondicionamiento y transporte de los animales al laboratorio. Los ensayos fueron debidamente convalidados por reacciones de control negativas y positivas. En las muestras estudiadas de Pleoticus muelleri se descarta la presencia de estas tres enfermedades virales. Esta metodología permite no sólo realizar una detección temprana y un diagnóstico de las tres patologías virales sino también establecer y asegurar un status libre de infección con el consiguiente beneficio sanitario para la región.Trade in aquatic animals calls for the implementation of controls for the detection of pathogenic viruses in line with the regulations of the OIE, the World Organization for Animal Heath. In relation specifically to trade in crustaceans, the OIE identifies the following diseases: White Spot syndrome virus disease (WSSV; Yellow Head Virus disease (YHV; and Taura syndrome virus disease (TSV, all of which are highly dangerous. The purpose of this study was to

Asociación entre la mutación homocigota c.318A>T en el exón 2 del gen EIF2B5 y la forma infantil de la leucoencefalopatía con sustancia blanca evanescente

OpenAIRE

Carmen Esmer; Gabriela Blanco Hernández; Víctor Saavedra Alanís; Jorge Guillermo Reyes Vaca; Antonio Bravo Oro

2017-01-01

Introducción: La leucoencefalopatía con sustancia blanca evanescente es una de las leucodistrofias más frecuentes. Generalmente inicia en la infancia y presenta un patrón de herencia autosómica recesiva. El 90% de los casos manifiesta mutaciones en uno de los genes que codifican para las cinco subunidades del factor de iniciación eucariótica 2 (EIF2B5). El diagnóstico se realiza por las manifestaciones clínicas, hallazgos en la resonancia magnética cerebral y estudios moleculares confirmatori...

La cárcel punitiva, naturaleza histórica, crisis y perspectiva/La cárcel punitiva, naturaleza histórica, crisis y perspectiva

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Gabriel Modesto Rodríguez Pérez de Agreda (Cuba

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Afianzada en el marco del Derecho penal decimonónico, se tiene a la cárcel punitiva como “el sello, la insignia, la imagen…” por excelencia de este Derecho penal (ella es la “pena reina”, en la casi totalidad de los sistema de penas razones, entre otras, por las cuales en ocasiones es tomada, equivocadamente, como la pena y no como un tipo de pena, extrapolándose elementos propios y únicos de ella a la pena, generalización metafísica que ha llevado, entre otros tanto errores prácticos, por ejemplo: A confundir movimientos que se etiquetan “abolicionistas del Derecho penal” que en realidad sólo promueven la “abolición de la cárcel” con movimiento reaccionarios abolicionistas “aparentemente de la pena”, que, encubiertos tras el equívoco, en realidad lo que pretenden es suprimir las garantías conquistadas en la ciencia del Derecho penal.

Uranium-rich opal from the Nopal I uranium deposit, Peña Blanca, Mexico: Evidence for the uptake and retardation of radionuclides

Science.gov (United States)

Schindler, Michael; Fayek, Mostafa; Hawthorne, Frank C.

2010-01-01

The Nopal I uranium deposit of the Sierra Peña Blanca, Mexico, has been the focus of numerous studies because of its economic importance and its use as a natural analog for nuclear-waste disposal in volcanic tuff. Secondary uranyl minerals such as uranophane, Ca[(UO 2)(SiO 3OH)] 2(H 2O) 5, and weeksite, (K,Na) 2[(UO 2) 2(Si 5O 13)](H 2O) 3, occur in the vadose zone of the deposit and are overgrown by silica glaze. These glazes consist mainly of opal A, which contains small particles of uraninite, UO 2, and weeksite. Close to a fault between brecciated volcanic rocks and welded tuff, a greenish silica glaze coats the altered breccia. Yellow silica glazes from the center of the breccia pipe and from the high-grade pile coat uranyl-silicates, predominantly uranophane and weeksite. All silica glazes are strongly zoned with respect to U and Ca, and the distribution of these elements indicates curved features and spherical particles inside the coatings. The concentrations of U and Ca correlate in the different zones and both elements inversely correlate with the concentration of Si. Zones within the silica glazes contain U and Ca in a 1:1 ratio with maximum concentrations of 0.08 and 0.15 at.% for the greenish and yellow glazes, respectively, suggesting trapping of either Ca 1U 1-aqueous species or -particles in the colloidal silica. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), and oxygen-isotope ratios measured by secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) indicate higher U 6+/U 4+ ratios, higher proportions of Si-OH groups and lower δ 18O values for the greenish silica glaze than for the yellow silica glaze. These differences in composition reflect increasing brecciation, porosity, and permeability from the center of the breccia pipe (yellow silica glaze) toward the fault (green silica glaze), where the seepage of meteoric water and Eh are higher.

Para una sociología del racismo: análisis comparativo de las pautas de matrimonio entre personas de raza blanca y negra

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RUTH AGUILERA

1992-01-01

Full Text Available Existen diferentes maneras de analizar los prejuicios y las discriminaciones raciales. Uno de los mejores indicadores sociales es el matrimonio interracial (por ejemplo, entre razas negra y blanca, que sobrepasa los límites de los grupos establecidos mediante los procesos de racialización. Ante este fenómeno se hace necesario redefinir las nociones de raza, género y cultura en las vidas individuales, así como a nivel social y político. En el artículo se analizan algunos de esos conceptos e indicadores. Se estudian las tasas de matrimonios interraciales como un indicador significativo de la armonía en las relaciones raciales. A partir de esos datos se exponen las teorías existentes y posibles explicaciones del matrimonio entre blancos y negros, utilizando datos recientes de Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña, analizando también la dinámica de la racionalización en ambos países. Al final se añaden ideas de algunos de los principales estudios españoles.

Rodados bioerosionados en depósitos marinos holocenos del estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina: consideraciones paleoambientales y procedencia

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Jorge O Spagnuolo

2013-07-01

Full Text Available En la costa norte del estuario de Bahía Blanca, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, se presentan cordones litorales compuestos por arena conchilífera y elevada proporción de rodados de origen sedimentario. Muchos de estos clastos muestran importantes signos de bieorosión. La procedencia de este material se vincula con las extensas plataformas de abrasión presentes al este del estuario (costas de Pehuén Co. Se determinaron dos icnofacies: la icnofacies de Trypanites integrada por Gastrochaenolites, Maeandropolydora, Trypanites, Gnathichnus y Radulichnus, propia de sustratos duros y la icnofacies de Skolithos representada por galerías de Ophiomorpha desarrollada en sustratos blandos. Ambas, caracterizan un ambiente litoral somero. Durante la transgresión holocena, los sustratos costeros se vieron afectados por el avance marino y los fragmentos erosionados fueron transportados por deriva litoral hacia el interior del estuario. Finalmente, eventos de tormenta depositaron en los cordones litorales el material con signos de bioerosión. En la actualidad, muchos de estos rodados que presentan gradación en tamaño hacia el interior del estuario, se hallan en tránsito en las playas por deriva litoral este-oeste.

Um caso de inovação “acidental” em matéria de penas: a lei brasileira de drogas An accidental innovation case on punishment: the brazilian drug law

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Alvaro P. Pires

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho é uma reflexão sobre alternativas à prisão e, de forma mais geral, sobre as complexas relações entre os conceitos de punição e de inovação. Nesse sentido, discutiremos um exemplo concreto extraído da legislação criminal brasileira - um dispositivo da nova lei de drogas (2006 - com a finalidade de enfatizar tanto o interesse teórico quanto as questões éticas que o conceito de inovação penal pode suscitar. introduzindo uma modificação extremamente improvável relativa às penas, essa lei brasileira nos possibilitará desenvolver aqui nossa argumentação em sete etapas: 1 descrever a modificação legislativa que servirá como pano de fundo para nossos propósitos; 2 apresentar as ferramentas conceituais necessárias à descrição que pretendemos fazer dessa modificação legislativa; 3 invocar o status que a teoria dos sistemas autorreferenciais outorga à produção legislativa; 4 chamar a atenção para duas maneiras historicamente marginais de conceitualizar a punição; 5 indicar alguns marcos históricos sobre o conceito dominante ou "normal" de pena; e finalmente 7 voltar, a título de conclusão, aos conceitos centrais tratados em nossa discussão.This paper is a reflection on alternatives to imprisonment and, more generally, on the complex relationships between the concepts of punishment and innovation. for this purpose, we will discuss a concrete example taken from the Brazilian criminal legislation, a new drug law disposition (2006, in order to emphasize the theoretical interest as well as the ethical stakes which the concept of penal innovation can underscore. this legislation introduces a hyper-improbable modification of the concept of punishment and it will therefore enable us to develop our arguments along seven points: 1 to describe the legislative modification which will serve as the backdrop to our discussion; 2 to introduce the conceptual tools needed to describe this legislative modification

Controls on the long term earthquake behavior of an intraplate fault revealed by U-Th and stable isotope analyses of syntectonic calcite veins

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, Randolph; Goodwin, Laurel; Sharp, Warren; Mozley, Peter

2017-04-01

U-Th dates on calcite precipitated in coseismic extension fractures in the Loma Blanca normal fault zone, Rio Grande rift, NM, USA, constrain earthquake recurrence intervals from 150-565 ka. This is the longest direct record of seismicity documented for a fault in any tectonic environment. Combined U-Th and stable isotope analyses of these calcite veins define 13 distinct earthquake events. These data show that for more than 400 ka the Loma Blanca fault produced earthquakes with a mean recurrence interval of 40 ± 7 ka. The coefficient of variation for these events is 0.40, indicating strongly periodic seismicity consistent with a time-dependent model of earthquake recurrence. Stochastic statistical analyses further validate the inference that earthquake behavior on the Loma Blanca was time-dependent. The time-dependent nature of these earthquakes suggests that the seismic cycle was fundamentally controlled by a stress renewal process. However, this periodic cycle was punctuated by an episode of clustered seismicity at 430 ka. Recurrence intervals within the earthquake cluster were as low as 5-11 ka. Breccia veins formed during this episode exhibit carbon isotope signatures consistent with having formed through pronounced degassing of a CO2 charged brine during post-failure, fault-localized fluid migration. The 40 ka periodicity of the long-term earthquake record of the Loma Blanca fault is similar in magnitude to recurrence intervals documented through paleoseismic studies of other normal faults in the Rio Grande rift and Basin and Range Province. We propose that it represents a background rate of failure in intraplate extension. The short-term, clustered seismicity that occurred on the fault records an interruption of the stress renewal process, likely by elevated fluid pressure in deeper structural levels of the fault, consistent with fault-valve behavior. The relationship between recurrence interval and inferred fluid degassing suggests that pore fluid pressure

EVALUACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES ENDOGLUCANASA, EXOGLUCANASA, LACASA Y LIGNINA PEROXIDASA EN DIEZ HONGOS DE PUDRICIÓN BLANCA

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SANDRA MONTOYA B.

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta una vía de rastreo de producción de enzimas lignocelulolíticas en diez especies de hongos de pudrición blanca: Lentinula edodes, Schizophyllum commune, Trametes trogii, Coriolus versicolor, Pycnoporus sanguineus, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa, Pleurotus ostreatus y Auricularia delicata. Estas especies primero fueron rastreadas sobre medios de cultivo sólido que contienen carboximetil celulosa, celulosa cristalina, ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-sulfonato y azure B, los cuales evidenciaron la producción de las enzimas endoglucanasa, exoglucanasa, lacasa y lignina peroxidasa (LiP. Las actividades celulolíticas fueron detectadas a los cinco días de incubación con el indicador rojo congo, formándose un halo claro-blanco en las zonas donde se degrada la celulosa. Para las ligninasas, este rastreo consistió en el seguimiento a la formación de halos verdes por oxidación del ABTS para lacasa y halos de decoloración sobre el azure B para la LiP durante 14 días de incubación. De este rastreo cualitativo, se seleccionaron cuatro cepas (G. lucidum, L. edodes, C. versicolor y T. Trogii, como las mejores productoras de enzimas celulolíticas y ligninolíticas. Estas cuatro especies fueron inoculadas sobre un sustrato de aserrín de roble, obteniéndose 51,8% de lignina degradada por L. edodes y 22% de celulosa degrada por C. versicolor.

Characterization of uranium minerals from Chihuahua using synchrotron radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burciaga V, D. C.; Reyes C, M.; Reyes R, A.; Renteria V, M.; Esparza P, H.; Fuentes C, L.; Fuentes M, L; Silva S, M.; Herrera P, E.; Munoz, A.; Montero C, M. E.

2010-01-01

Uranium mineral deposits in the vicinity of Chihuahua City (northern Mexico) have motivated a multidisciplinary investigation due to their tech no-environmental importance. It provides a broad scope study of representative mineral samples extracted from the San Marcos deposit, located northwest of Chihuahua City. The zone of interest is the source of the Sacramento River, which runs at Chihuahua City. The high uranium content of the San Marcos deposit, which was formed by hydrothermal mineralization, has resulted in elevated levels of uranium in surface and ground water, fish, plants and sediments in this region. Mineral identification of the uranium-bearing phases was accomplished with a suite of techniques. Among these phases are those called meta tyuyamunite (Ca(UO 2 ) 2 (VO 4 ) 2 ·3-5 H 2 O) and becquerelite [Ca(UO 2 ) 6 O 4 (OH) 6 ·8(H 2 O)]. It was decided to study an almost pure meta tyuyamunite sample extracted from Pena Blanca, Chihuahua uranium ore and to synthesize the becquerelite, using a modified procedure from a published one. In the current work the crystal structure of meta tyuyamunite is presented, resolved by the Rietveld refinement. Both samples were studied by X-ray absorption fine structure at beamline 2-3, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source. In the present work both the spectra and extended X-ray absorption fine structure parameters are presented. (Author)

Paisaje y urbanismo en la región del río Mopán (Petén, Guatemala) durante el período Clásico maya: el caso de La Blanca y su entorno

OpenAIRE

Ruiz García, Juan

2017-01-01

La presente tesis doctoral aborda la cuestión del paisaje de las Tierras Bajas mayas y su relación con el urbanismo durante el final del período Clásico (ss. VII - X) a través del caso del sitio arqueológico de La Blanca, situado en el departamento de Petén, Guatemala. El carácter geográfico y espacial del tema de investigación ha requerido del enfoque teórico y metodológico que desarrolla la arqueología del paisaje. Esta parte de la disciplina arqueológica es la que puede abordar las cuestio...

Recent glacier retreat and lake formation in the Querecocha watershed, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Science.gov (United States)

López Moreno, J.; Valero-Garces, B.; Revuelto, J.; Azorín-Molina, C.; Bazo, J.; Cochachin, A.; Fontaneda, S.; Mark, B. G.

2013-12-01

In the Andes, and specifically in the Peruvian mountains a marked decrease of the glaciated area has occurred since the end of the Little Ice Age, and it has been accelerated since the last decades of the 20th century. As a result of the glacier retreat new pro-glaciar lakes are originated, and often the area and volume of existing ones increases. The study of these newly-formed lakes and their recent evolution may provide a better understanding of the hydrological and geomorphological evolution of deglaciated areas, and a better evaluation of the risk of glacial lakes outburst floods (GLOFS). In this work, we use 26 annual Landsat Thematic Mapper images from 1975 to 2010 to determine changes of the glaciated surface, snow line elevation and lakes formation in the headwaters of the Querecocha watershed in Cordillera Blanca (Perú). We also present the information derived from 10 short sediment cores (up to 50 cm long) retrieved along several transects in Yanamarey Lake. Both data sets inform of the sediment yield and lake development in recently deglaciated environments of the Andes. Results demonstrate that only one third of the surface covered by ice in 1975 remained in 2010. In this period, snowline has shifted up more than 100 meters in elevation in both, Yanamarey North and South areas respectively. At the same time, new lakes have been formed very quickly in these deglaciated areas. Preliminary 137Cs dating of Yanamarey sediment core indicates that at least the top 50 cm of the lake sequence deposited after 1960. This is coherent with the Landsat image of 1975 that showed the current surface of the lake still covered by ice. The high sediment rate (> 1 cm/yr) in the lake demonstrates the very high sediment yield in these geomorphically active settings. The sediment cores are composed of cm-thick sequences defined by grain-size (silt-clay) common in proglacial lakes reflecting the variability of hydrological response associated to the glacier retreat in the

Dictadura militar y represión a la clase trabajadora. La Armada Argentina, marco doctrinario y operaciones represivas en perspectiva regional para los casos de Ensenada y Bahía Blanca

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Ivonne Barragán

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983, based on the “National Security Doctrine”, developed technologies and repressive ways against its citizens. Repression, based on state terror, was territorially organized by the Argentine Army, which was responsible for a national operational coordination and the construction of a tripartite scheme of power. This article explores Argentina Navy’s action and the configuration actions and repressive practices from a case of regional perspective. Our interest is to discuss those processes in place long-term repression of the Navy in bounded contexts, the towns of Bahía Blanca and Ensenada, and its projections in the democratic era. We are interested in solving, in which ways the Argentina Navy exerted its repressive action on a particular civil sector were what as was the workers?

Diseño de un plan de mejoramiento en el área comercial de la empresa Electrolux C.A. dedicada a la comercialización de productos de línea blanca y pequeños electrodomésticos a nivel nacional

OpenAIRE

Sarango Zurita, Karina Magdalena; Taipicaña Vergara, Erika Andrea

2013-01-01

Esta investigación se realizó en la Empresa Electrolux C.A., se dedica a la comercialización de electrodomésticos de línea blanca y enseres menores, el cual consiste en el desarrollo de un plan de mejoramiento enfocado en el área comercial, sobre la cual radican los principales problemas. El objetivo principal de este proyecto radica en levantar los procesos y a su vez plantear un mejoramiento en cuanto a costo – tiempo cada una de las actividades desarrolladas en dicha área, proponiendo l...

ESPACIOS DE SOCIABILIDAD, REDES SOCIALES DE LA RENOVACIÓN CATÓLICA Y MILITANCIA CONTESTARIA EN BAHÍA BLANCA (ARGENTINA ENTRE 1968 Y 1975

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Virginia Dominella

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo reconstruye las relaciones entre personas y grupos del catolicismo liberacionista en Bahía Blanca (Argentina, entre 1968 y 1975. Describe los espacios de sociabilidad ligados a la renovación eclesial, así como las redes sociales que estos articularon. Analiza los modos en que esos vínculos actuaron en la generación de iniciativas comunes y en la participación de los actores en diversos ámbitos de acción social y política con el fin de aportar a la transformación de la sociedad en un contexto histórico marcado por la efervescencia social y política. Para este abordaje, se ha optado por una metodología cualitativa y, en este sentido, por la utilización de diversas estrategias, desde entrevistas en profundidad hasta el análisis de distintas fuentes empíricas (que incluyen testimonios éditos, prensa, informes de inteligencia y volantes, apelando a estrategias de triangulación para lograr una comprensión en profundidad del problema en cuestión.

Monitoring tropical debris-covered glacier dynamics from high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

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O. Wigmore

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The glaciers of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, are rapidly retreating and thinning as a result of climate change, altering the timing, quantity and quality of water available to downstream users. Furthermore, increases in the number and size of proglacial lakes associated with these melting glaciers is increasing potential exposure to glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs. Understanding how these glaciers are changing and their connection to proglacial lake systems is thus of critical importance. Most satellite data are too coarse for studying small mountain glaciers and are often affected by cloud cover, while traditional airborne photogrammetry and lidar are costly. Recent developments have made unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs a viable and potentially transformative method for studying glacier change at high spatial resolution, on demand and at relatively low cost.Using a custom designed hexacopter built for high-altitude (4000–6000 m a. s. l.  operation, we completed repeat aerial surveys (2014 and 2015 of the debris-covered Llaca Glacier tongue and proglacial lake system. High-resolution orthomosaics (5 cm and digital elevation models (DEMs (10 cm were produced and their accuracy assessed. Analysis of these datasets reveals highly heterogeneous patterns of glacier change. The most rapid areas of ice loss were associated with exposed ice cliffs and meltwater ponds on the glacier surface. Considerable subsidence and low surface velocities were also measured on the sediments within the pro-glacial lake, indicating the presence of extensive regions of buried ice and continued connection to the glacier tongue. Only limited horizontal retreat of the glacier tongue was observed, indicating that measurements of changes in aerial extent alone are inadequate for monitoring changes in glacier ice quantity.

Unraveling Tropical Mountain Hydroclimatology by Coupling Autonomous Sensor Observations and Climate Modeling: Llanganuco Valley, Cordillera Blanca, Peru.

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Hellstrom, R. A.; Fernandez, A.; Mark, B. G.; Covert, J. M.

2015-12-01

Northern Peru will face critical water resource issues in the near future as permanent ice retreats. Much of current global and regional climate research neglects the meteorological forcing of lapse rates and valley wind dynamics on critical components of the Peruvian Andes' water-cycle. In 2004 and 2005 we installed an autonomous sensor network (ASN) within the glacierized Llanganuco Valley, Cordillera Blanca (9°S), consisting of discrete, cost-effective, automatic temperature loggers located along the valley axis and anchored by two automatic weather stations. Comparisons of these embedded atmospheric measurements from the ASN and climate modeling (CM) by dynamical downscaling using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model elucidate distinct diurnal and seasonal characteristics of the mountain valley winds and lapse rates. Wind, temperature, humidity, and cloud simulations by WRF suggest that thermally driven valley winds converging with easterly flow aloft enhance late afternoon and evening cloud development which helps explain detected nocturnal precipitation maxima measured by the ASN. We attribute sustained evapotranspiration (ET), as estimated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith model, to an abundance of glacial melt-water during the dry season and strong pre-noon solar heating during the wet season. Furthermore, the extreme diurnal variability of along-valley-axis lapse rates and valley wind detected from ground observations and confirmed by dynamical downscaling demonstrate the importance of realistic scale parameterizations of the boundary layer to improve regional CM projections in mountainous regions. Our findings portray ET as an integral yet poorly represented process in Andean hydroclimatology. We show that coupling ASN and CM can improve understanding of multi-scale atmospheric and associated hydrological processes in mountain valleys.

Role of body condition score and body weight in the control of seasonal reproduction in Blanca Andaluza goats.

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Gallego-Calvo, L; Gatica, M C; Guzmán, J L; Zarazaga, L A

2014-12-30

The reproductive activity of 84 female Blanca Andaluza goats was monitored over 17 months to determine the role of body condition score (BCS) and body weight (BW) in its control. Following a 3×2 factorial experimental design, the animals were allocated to three groups: low BCS (≤2.50, n=24), medium BCS (BCS=2.75-3.00, n=31) and high BCS (≥3.25, n=29). The same animals, irrespective of the BCS group categorization, were also divided into two groups depending on BW: low BW (≤40kg, n=44) and high BW (>40kg, n=40). Oestrus was evaluated daily using vasectomised males. The ovulation rate was assessed by trans-rectal ultrasonography after the identification of oestrus. Ovulations were determined by monitoring the plasma progesterone concentration weekly. The BCS and BW were recorded once a week and nutritional status adjusted to maintain the initial differences in BW and BCS between the groups. Both BCS and BW had a significant (at least Preproductive activity recorded in does with a BCS of ≥2.75 and BW of >40kg. No significant interaction between these variables was observed. Some (11.7%) of the does in the groups with animals of BCS≥2.75 had ovulations during seasonal anoestrus. None of the does with a BCS of ≤2.5 had ovulations during seasonal anoestrus. The ovulation rate of the first and last oestrus was influenced by BW (Preproductive seasonality that is clearly and independently modulated by BCS and BW. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

“Gate and Port of the South of Argentina”? Nuances and Debates in the Image of Bahia Blanca City in Its Regional Context in the Mid-twentieth Century

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Juliana López Pascual

2016-01-01

Full Text Available For over a century the people of Bahia Blanca, Argentinian port city located at the south west of the province of Buenos Aires, they have imagined it and defined it not only as part of the Patagonian territories but also as their legitimate political, economic and cultural center. The aim of historicizing and questioning this idea, trying to account for the interests that were mobilized, the ideological postures that hinted, and the impact it had on the effective regional layout, is what motivates our research. To that end, this article does focus on economic and infrastructural dimension that some debates of mid-twentieth century used simultaneously as evidence and as ultimate goal of this alleged hegemony. For this purpose, we will analyze the writings of Domingo Pronsato and Ricardo M. Ortiz whom, from different geopolitical perspectives, devised specific roles for the city that suited their plans for the regional development of Patagonia.

Vesícula hipotónica asociada a hipoclorhidria gástrica

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Alfonso Bonilla Naar

1945-05-01

Full Text Available Nombre: N. N. Edad, 38 años. Natural de Manizales, Palmira y Manizales, lugares donde ha residido. Palmira, 12 años. Viene de allá. HAy paludismo, Pararasitismo intestinal. Profesión: Comerciante. Negocio en arroz. No vive en arrozales. Estado civil: Casado Raza Blanca.

Geomorphologic impacts of the glacial lake outburst flood from Lake No. 513 (Peru)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vilímek, V.; Klimeš, Jan; Emmer, A.; Benešová, M.

2015-01-01

Roč. 73, č. 9 (2015), s. 5233-5244 ISSN 1866-6280 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP209/11/1000 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 Keywords : GLOF * debris flow * natural hazard * deglaciation * Cordillera Blanca * Peru Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography Impact factor: 1.765, year: 2014

Responsabilidad Social Matriz de indicadores sustentables que refleja el impacto de la forestación en tierras marginales del Partido de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Regina del Carmen Durán Durán

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Actualmente, se han empezado a considerar otras obligaciones que tienen las empresas para con su comunidad; se trata de aspectos vinculados con las dimensiones sociales y ambientales. Desde este contexto, nuestro trabajo tiene como punto de partida el concepto de responsabilidad social desde la noción de sustentabilidad. El objetivo es evaluar la forestación como instrumento para mejorar la sostenibilidad de los sistemas productivos tradicionales en tierras marginales del Partido de Bahía Blanca, mitigando los impactos del desarrollo no responsable de la producción primaria. Para ello, se han identificado técnicas de manejo generadoras de externalidades positivas en otras actividades agropecuarias complementarias, donde existen limitantes edafológicas, apoyándose en las tres dimensiones del concepto de sustentabilidad: ecológica, económica, sociopolítica y cultural. De igual forma, se diseñó una matriz de evaluación y ponderación de impactos, que contempla indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos, de cuya aplicación surge la forestación como una alternativa sustentable

Mujeres benefactoras en el sudoeste bonaerense argentino: el caso del Patronato de la Infancia de Bahía Blanca, 1906-1931

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Lucía Bracamonte

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El cuidado de los menores considerados en riesgo moral y material en la Argentina de principios del siglo XX queda muchas veces a cargo de instituciones de caridad en las cuales las benefactoras adquieren especial protagonismo. El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar las funciones asumidas por las mujeres en el periodo de surgimiento y afianzamiento del Patronato de la Infancia de Bahía Blanca, caracterizándolas en el marco de las relaciones que establecen con las personas que las rodean, así como de las representaciones de género emergentes de las mismas. Cabe preguntarse de qué manera se definen, a partir de las prácticas y los discursos vinculados con el caso analizado, los lugares ocupados por las benefactoras en relación a los hombres de su círculo social y a otras mujeres de distintos estratos y ocupaciones que se involucran con la institución, como las amas de leche y las religiosas. Se plantea que la actuación de las propulsoras de este emprendimiento representa en muchos sentidos una transgresión a los modelos imperantes de femineidad pero que, sin embargo, tanto los discursos de los hombres como los de las mujeres asocian sus actividades con esos presupuestos dominantes.

Whitefly species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae on wild and cultivated plants in the horticultural region of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina Especies de moscas blancas (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae sobre plantas silvestres y cultivadas en la región hortícola de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina

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Gustavo G. Gonsebatt

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Whiteflies of economic importance are polyphagous, being able to develop on a large number of cultivated and spontaneous plants. We recorded the whitefly species on vegetable and flower crops and the wild plants associated, under greenhouse and field conditions, for two years. We observed two species: Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood and the Bemisia tabaci complex (Gennadius. T vaporariorum was recorded on 24 plant species (11 families, 12 and 8 of which are new hosts in Argentina and in the world, respectively. The B. tabaci complex was recorded only on flower production systems, on 19 plant species (11 families, 14 and 7 of which are new hosts in Argentina and in the world, respectively. The crops Glycine max (L. and Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., the wild species Amaranthus blitum L., Amaranthus quitensis Kunth, Conyza bonariensis (L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Sonchus oleraceus L. and Wedelia glauca (Ortega O. Hoffm. ex Hicken were hosts of both species. The only parasitoid recorded was Eretmocerus californicus near corni Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae from T. vaporariorum. This study, which is the first systematic survey of host plants in the region, intends to provide a better knowledge of the range of whiteflies host plants in Argentina.Las moscas blancas de importancia económica son polífagas y capaces de desarrollarse sobre numerosas plantas cultivadas y espontáneas. Registramos las especies de moscas blancas sobre cultivos hortícolas y de flores, y sobre las plantas silvestres asociadas. Observamos dos especies: Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood y el complejo Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius. T. vaporariorum fue registrada sobre 24 especies de plantas (11 familias, 12 y 8 de las cuales son hospedantes nuevos para Argentina y a nivel mundial, respectivamente. El complejo B. tabaci fue registrado solo en sistemas de producción de flores, sobre 19 especies de plantas (11 familias, 14 y 7 de las cuales son nuevos hospedantes para

[Distribution patterns and bioerosion of the sea urchin Centrostephanus coronatus (Diadematoida: Diadematidae), at the reef of Playa Blanca, Colombian Pacific].

Science.gov (United States)

Toro-Farmer, Gerardo; Cantera, Jaime R; Londoño-Cruz, Edgardo; Orozco, Carlos; Neira, Raul

2004-03-01

Regular sea-urchins are one of the main bioeroding organisms affecting coral reefs around the world. The abundance, distribution and bioerosion rate of the sea-urchin Centrostephanus coronatus, were determined in different reef zones of Playa Blanca fringing reef (Gorgona Island, Colombian pacific coast) during 1997 and 1998. The erosion rates were determined calcinating the gut content of the sea-urchins to eliminate all organic components and preserve the inorganic portion of calcium carbonate. C. coronatus showed the highest densities towards the central zones of the reef (plain-crest and front) (12.4 ind/m2; range 0-48 ind/m2). The highest mean bioerosion rate was 0.103 kgCaCO3/m2/yr in the reef plain-crest (0-0.69 kgCaCO3/m2/yr). In the other zones, (back reef and reef front) the mean bioerosion rates were 0.071 (range 0-0.39) and 0.052 (range 0-0.31) kgCaCO3/m2/yr respectively. According to the present data, it can be seen that the destruction of coralline skeletons, produced in this reef by sea-urchins is rather low, compared with the abrasion caused by these organisms in other places of the world. However, the combined action of C. coronatus and other bioeroding organisms (borers and grazers). along with some adverse environmental factors to corals, can be causing a negative balance between normal processes of reef accretion-destruction in Gorgona Island reefs.

Diferentes niveles de energía metabolizable y aminoácidos azufrados en dietas para gallinas Bovans blancas

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María de los Ángeles Tepox Pérez

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Con el objeto de evaluar el comportamiento productivo de la gallina Bovans blanca de primer ciclo alimentadas con dietas con niveles diferentes de energía metabolizable (EM y de metionina+cistina digestible (AAD, para lograr disminuir el porcentaje de huevo pequeño (<42 g, al inicio de la producción se utilizaron 384 gallinas de 19 semanas de edad. Se usó un diseño completamente al azar, en un arreglo factorial de 4 X 2, donde el primer factor fueron los niveles de EM (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000 Kcal/kg y el segundo factor fue la inclusión de diferentes porcentajes de AAD (0.45, 0.61. Cada tratamiento, contó con cuatro repeticiones de 12 gallinas cada uno. Durante ocho semanas se llevaron registros semanales, del porcentaje de postura, peso promedio del huevo, consumo de alimento; masa de huevo/ave/día y conversión alimenticia; además, se clasificó el huevo de acuerdo al peso. Los resultados obtenidos, no mostraron respuesta a los factores de estudio ni a la interacción entre nivel de EM y AAD, para ninguna de las variables productivas. Se encontró un efecto sobre el consumo de alimento del nivel de energía y aminoácidos azufrados (P<0.05. Se disminuyó el porcentaje de huevo pequeño en los niveles más altos de EM de 2900 y 3000 Kcal/Kg (29.6 y 30.4 % respectivamente. Se incrementó (P<0.05 el porcentaje de huevo grande en 3 % al usar dietas con el nivel de AAD de 0.61 %.

La dinámica placer/afecto en la constitución de feminidades en mujeres negras y mestizas-blancas de diferentes sectores sociales en el suroccidente colombiano

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Fernando Urrea Giraldo

Full Text Available Este articulo analiza la producción de determinadas feminidades en el suroeste colombiano actual, a través de las tensiones entre placer y afecto reveladas por las biografías sexuales de 18 mujeres negras y blancas-mestizas, de diferentes clases sociales, color de piel, orientación sexual, generación, edad, estado civil y prole. A través de la construcción de cuatro tipologías, se aborda el papel creciente del placer en la conformación social de las subjetividades contemporáneas. Parte de los resultados son debatidos a partir de la perspectiva foucaultiana, el feminismo radical, la teoría queer, y el psicoanálisis lacaniano, con aportes de la sociología y el feminismo afroamericano. El presente texto se inscribe en la teoría feminista de la interseccionalidad, y plantea especialmente el papel de la racialización en la vivencia de la sexualidad de las mujeres negras entrevistadas, mediante la articulación de las dimensiones sexual y racial.

ENCUENTROS Y DESENCUENTROS EN UN ESPACIO DE BORDE: el caso del rururbano de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Claudia Avelina Sereno

2016-08-01

Because of their boundary condition, rururban areas are subject to mobile and changing phenomena. Said phenomena are caused by the pressure exerted by real estate agents, urban planning policies, and economic sectors agents such as industries or other businesses interested in these types of zones. Rururban areas are also under the influence of economic globalization, productive restructuring, and technological innovations. These last ones stablish a rupture in the, so far, predominant spatial logic by causing changes in the territories’ dynamic. The objective of this article is to analyze Bahia Blanca City’s rururban as a zone where socio-spatial conflicts are generated. Specially, conflicts related to the advance of urbanization over the city’s boundaries and also those that are a consequence of the global logic impact. The main interest is to identify and observe the ways in which residents perceive and experience these missed encounters. To do so, a qualitative methodology is used. This methodology was chosen because it takes into account the observation of the territory and the implementation of semi-structured interviews to the residents of the Bahia Blanca’s rururban. Keywords: Rururban Area; Socio-spatial Conflicts; Experience; Perception.

Testing Pixel Translation Digital Elevation Models to Reconstruct Slip Histories: An Example from the Agua Blanca Fault, Baja California, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, J.; Wetmore, P. H.; Malservisi, R.; Ferwerda, B. P.; Teran, O.

2012-12-01

We use recently collected slip vector and total offset data from the Agua Blanca fault (ABF) to constrain a pixel translation digital elevation model (DEM) to reconstruct the slip history of this fault. This model was constructed using a Perl script that reads a DEM file (Easting, Northing, Elevation) and a configuration file with coordinates that define the boundary of each fault segment. A pixel translation vector is defined as a magnitude of lateral offset in an azimuthal direction. The program translates pixels north of the fault and prints their pre-faulting position to a new DEM file that can be gridded and displayed. This analysis, where multiple DEMs are created with different translation vectors, allows us to identify areas of transtension or transpression while seeing the topographic expression in these areas. The benefit of this technique, in contrast to a simple block model, is that the DEM gives us a valuable graphic which can be used to pose new research questions. We have found that many topographic features correlate across the fault, i.e. valleys and ridges, which likely have implications for the age of the ABF, long term landscape evolution rates, and potentially provide conformation for total slip assessments The ABF of northern Baja California, Mexico is an active, dextral strike slip fault that transfers Pacific-North American plate boundary strain out of the Gulf of California and around the "Big Bend" of the San Andreas Fault. Total displacement on the ABF in the central and eastern parts of the fault is 10 +/- 2 km based on offset Early-Cretaceous features such as terrane boundaries and intrusive bodies (plutons and dike swarms). Where the fault bifurcates to the west, the northern strand (northern Agua Blanca fault or NABF) is constrained to 7 +/- 1 km. We have not yet identified piercing points on the southern strand, the Santo Tomas fault (STF), but displacement is inferred to be ~4 km assuming that the sum of slip on the NABF and STF is

Mariposas diurnas y nocturnas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae del Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Pacífico Colombiano

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Humberto Calero-Mejía

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Gorgona es una isla ubicada en la costa Pacífica de Colombia. Durante 26 años fue una prisión, pero desde 1986 fue declarada Parque Nacional Natural, y desde entonces se encuentra en un proceso de sucesión natural. En este estudio se presenta una lista de los lepidópteros de isla Gorgona y se analizan algunos de los ecológicos que podrían promover la biodiversidad in situ de este grupo taxonómico. Se recolectaron mariposas y polillas durante tres viajes realizados entre octubre de 2010 y mayo de 2011. Las observaciones de las mariposas se realizaron a lo largo de los principales senderos de la isla. Se instalaron trampas cebadas con fruta, pescado y pollo descompuestos, durante tres días en cada zona de trabajo (dos tipos cebos por sitio como también capturas con redes de entomológicas entre las 09:00h y 18:00h. En el muestreo de las polillas se utilizaron trampas de luz blanca y luz negra en zonas abiertas, la luz se reflejó sobre una pantalla blanca para maximizar la atracción. Además, se realizaron revisiones diarias en los alrededores de las luces artificiales del poblado. Se registró la cobertura del dosel del bosque en cada punto de muestreo. En total, se identificaron 52 especies pertenecientes a siete familias, de las cuales 31 de mariposa y 11 de polillas fueron nuevos registros para la isla. El Cerro Trinidad y el Sendero de la Chonta fueron los sitios de muestreo con mayor riqueza de especies (22 y 20, respectivamente. La riqueza de especies de mariposas no disminuyó con la reducción de la cobertura del dosel. Heliconious sara y Aeria eurimedia fueron las especies dominantes en número, pero su distribución no se superpuso. Tres especies fueron las más ampliamente distribuidas en la isla: H. sara (11 siitios, 166 individuos, Calycopis cerata (10 sitios y 71 individuos y Ae . eurimedia (9 sitios y 72 individuos. Se reporta Catoblepia xanthicles occidentalis después de 87 años. La mayoría de las curvas de acumulaci

RELATOS DE VIDA Y RELIGIOSIDAD POPULAR. ORIGEN Y SENTIDOS DE LA FIESTA DE LA VIRGEN DE URKUPIÑA EN BAHÍA BLANCA.

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Graciela Hernández

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Proponemos conocer el origen e ir identificando los sentidos de una de las manifestaciones de la religiosidad popular que se producen en Bahía Blanca: las festividades en honor a la Virgende Urkupiña. Es una devoción mariana surgida en Bolivia y profesada por migrantes bolivianos y de las provincias del noroeste argentino, como jujeños, salteños y tucumanosradicados en esta ciudad y la zona de influencia.Se trata de una investigación realizada con metodología cualitativa etnográfica. Del trabajo de campo hemos seleccionados relatos de vida que nos resultan significativos en tanto encontramos en ellos las explicaciones que los sujetos entrevistados dan de los procesos sociales. El relato de vida es el fragmento del texto oral que da cuenta de aquellos temas que nos hemos propuesto conocer.Realizamos un breve recorrido por la bibliografía de la última década que toma el tema la fiesta de la Virgen de Urkupiña en distintos lugares del país. Hemos visto que cada uno de los autores focaliza en distintos aspectos de la festividad o en las distintas perspectivas teóricas;nosotros queremos aportar nuevas explicaciones sobre el origen de estas celebraciones y rituales a partir de la interpretación de los relatos de vida seleccionados

Characterization of uranium minerals from Chihuahua using synchrotron radiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Burciaga V, D. C.; Reyes C, M.; Reyes R, A.; Renteria V, M.; Esparza P, H.; Fuentes C, L.; Fuentes M, L; Silva S, M.; Herrera P, E.; Munoz, A.; Montero C, M. E. [Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados, S. C., Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua (Mexico)

2010-02-15

Uranium mineral deposits in the vicinity of Chihuahua City (northern Mexico) have motivated a multidisciplinary investigation due to their tech no-environmental importance. It provides a broad scope study of representative mineral samples extracted from the San Marcos deposit, located northwest of Chihuahua City. The zone of interest is the source of the Sacramento River, which runs at Chihuahua City. The high uranium content of the San Marcos deposit, which was formed by hydrothermal mineralization, has resulted in elevated levels of uranium in surface and ground water, fish, plants and sediments in this region. Mineral identification of the uranium-bearing phases was accomplished with a suite of techniques. Among these phases are those called meta tyuyamunite (Ca(UO{sub 2}){sub 2}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2{center_dot}}3-5 H{sub 2}O) and becquerelite [Ca(UO{sub 2}){sub 6}O{sub 4}(OH){sub 6{center_dot}}8(H{sub 2}O)]. It was decided to study an almost pure meta tyuyamunite sample extracted from Pena Blanca, Chihuahua uranium ore and to synthesize the becquerelite, using a modified procedure from a published one. In the current work the crystal structure of meta tyuyamunite is presented, resolved by the Rietveld refinement. Both samples were studied by X-ray absorption fine structure at beamline 2-3, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source. In the present work both the spectra and extended X-ray absorption fine structure parameters are presented. (Author)

CIUDAD BLANCA EN BAHÍA DE ALCUDIA. UNA OBRA CON SENTIDO PEDAGÓGICO DEL PROFESOR FRANCISCO JAVIER SÁENZ DE OÍZA. 1961-63 / Ciudad Blanca in Alcudia Bay. An educational work by professor Francisco Javier Sáenz de Oíza. 1961-63

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Rosa María Añón Abajas

2015-05-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN La expansión económica de España en la década de los 60 del pasado siglo XX, se relaciona directamente con el acceso mayoritario de la clase media a las vacaciones estivales y con la explosión del turismo de costa. Entre la multitud de promociones que empezaron a transformar el litoral mediterráneo, Ciudad Blanca proyectada por Sáenz de Oíza en la Bahía de Alcudia, aunque no concluida por completo, ejemplifica cómo un encargo especulativo para acoger a una gran masa de veraneantes, puede aprovechar la euforia del momento, ensayando un modelo residencial ideal, en un contexto próximo a los debates de arquitectura que se estaban dando en el resto de Europa, abordados por los arquitectos de la “Tercera Generación”, que pretendían la superación de los dogmatismos del Movimiento Moderno. La lección que el Oíza profesor nos lega a través de esta experiencia, aparte del modo de proceder, enfrentándose con cierta dosis experimental cual alumno afrontando un ejercicio académico innovador, reside en el valor didáctico de mostrar mediante una serie de mecanismos proyectuales, la vital atención prestada al paisaje y al habitante, a la exterioridad y a la interioridad de la obra, desarrollando una empatía entre el lugar y el momento, que generó un mestizaje interesante entre nuevos conceptos de agrupación, ejecutados con sistemas estructurales racionalistas en los que se introducen elementos puntuales prefabricados, combinando tradición y novedad.

Expression of the rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV non-structural protein 3 (NS3 in Escherichia coli and its in situ localization in RHBV-infected rice tissues

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Miguel Muñoz

2004-09-01

Full Text Available The non-structural NS3 protein gene from the rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV was fused to the glutathione- S-transferase carboxilic end and expressed in Escherichia coli strain JM83. Large quantities of fusion protein were produced in insoluble form. The fusion protein was fractionated in SDS-PAGE and purified by electroelution, polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbit and the antiserum was absorbed with bacterial crude extract. A band of similar size as that of NS3 protein was observed in Western blots using extracts from RHBV-infected rice plants. Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold-labeled antibodies against NS3 protein and the viral nucleocapsid protein revealed in situ accumulation of NS3 protein in the cytoplasm but not in the viral inclusion bodies, vacuoles or chloroplasts of RHBV-infected plants, following the same pattern of distribution as the RHBV nucleocapsid protein. Rev. Biol. Trop. 52(3: 765-775. Epub 2004 Dic 15.El gen que codifica por la proteína no estructural NS3 del virus de la hoja blanca de arroz (RHBV se fusionó al extremo carboxilo del gen de la glutationa-S-transferasa y se expresó en la cepa JM83 de Escherichia coli. Se obtuvieron altas concentraciones de la proteína de fusion (GST-NS3 en forma insoluble. La proteína de fusión se fraccionó en geles de SDS-PAGE, se purificó por electroelución, y se utilizó para producir anticuerpos policlonales en conejo . El antisuero producido se absorbió con extractos crudos de E. coli. Extractos crudos de plantas de arroz sanas e infectadas con el RHBV se evaluaron por Western blots detectándose una banda de peso molecular similar al estimado para la proteína NS3 (23KDa en las plantas infectadas con el virus. Los tejidos provenientes de plantas infectadas con el RHBV se analizaron por medio de microscopia inmunoelectrónica con oro colloidal marcado con anticuerpos contra la proteína NS3 y la nucleoproteína viral N. Se observó una acumulación in situ de la

La actividad turísticorecreativa en la reestructuración del espacio urbano. El caso de una ciudad media: Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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Romina Valeria Schroeder

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Muchas de las políticas urbanas han incorporado, recientemente, una posición proactiva hacia el turismo y la actividad recreativa, que se ve cada vez más como un sector estratégico para la revitalización urbana en determinados sectores de la ciudad. El presente artículo propone una reflexión acerca de la incidencia de la actividad turístico-recreativa en espacios urbanos, como inductora de un proceso de desarrollo local. Se plantea como caso de estudio Bahía Blanca (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, centro urbano intermedio con preponderancia regional, que procura insertarse entre las ciudades que se orientan a promover actividades propias del turismo y la recreación. Varias son las acciones realizadas en este sentido, poniendo de relieve, por un lado, los diferentes proyectos y planes urbanos que se desarrollaron y, por el otro, los cambios sociales y la renovación urbana que impulsaron. Si bien el estudio de esta temática se encuentra en su etapa inicial1, el trabajo plantea interrogantes acerca de las transformaciones urbanas actuales y cómo éstas se vinculan a la dinamización de un territorio, a partir de la actividad turístico-recreativa.

Blanca Wiethüchter: des-nombrando el paisaje. Políticas y poéticas de la representación en la década de los 80 en Bolivia

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Mauricio Duarte

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This article examines the relationship between poetic writing and the discourse of landscape in Madera Viva y árbol difunto (1982 by Blanca Wiethüchter (1947-2004. Landscape is often understood as a modern device of normative representation in which people and places are classified merely as private property. I argue that Wiethüchter’s poetry establishes a counter-narrative of the landscape through the use of a poetic gaze that reinstates social and marginal imaginaries by recognizing the materiality of such landscape and, most importantly, the political role of imagination in shaping the sense of the real. In doing so, I show how Wiethüchter uses poetic language to claim multiple and conflictive realities that lie beneath the names and harmonic appearances of things. Finally, by analyzing Wiethüchter’ poetic and critical work in dialogue with thinkers and scholars such as García Linera, Mamani, Zavaleta Mercado, and Rivera Cusicanqui, this article contributes to the understanding of the politics of representation during the 1980s in Bolivia.ResumenEste artículo examina la relación entre la escritura poética y el discurso del paisaje en Madera Viva y árbol difunto (1982 de Blanca Wiethüchter (1947-2004. A menudo el paisaje es entendido como un mecanismo moderno de representación normativa en la cual los sujetos y los lugares son clasificados simplemente como propiedad privada. Nuestro argumento propone que la poesía de Wiethüchter establece una contra-narrativa del paisaje a través del uso de una mirada poética que reinstala imaginarios sociales y marginales al reconocer la materialidad del paisaje y, más aún, el rol político de la imaginación en la configuración del sentido de realidad. Al proponer lo anterior, se muestra cómo Wiethüchter usa el lenguage poético para reclamar realidades múltiples y conflictivas anquilosadas bajo la armónica apariencia de las cosas. Finalmente, al analizar la obra poética y cr

Evolución de estrellas enanas blancas de Helio de masa baja e intermedia

Science.gov (United States)

Althaus, L. G.; Benvenuto, O. G.

Numerosas observaciones realizadas particularmente en los últimos dos años parecen confirmar que las enanas blancas (EB) de helio de masa baja e intermedia son el resultado de la evolución de sistemas binarios cercanos. Con el objeto de realizar una adecuada interpretación de estos objetos son necesarios modelos de EBs de helio lo más detallado posibles. En este estudio presentamos cálculos detallados de la evolución de EBs de helio con masas entre M=0.1Msolar y M=0.5Msolar a intervalos de 0.05Msolar . Para ello, hemos tenido en cuenta los efectos de temperatura finita mediante un código de evolución estelar lo más actualizado posible. En particular, el transporte de energía es descripto en el marco del nuevo modelo para la convección turbulenta desarrollado por Canuto - Mazzitelli. Además hemos considerado la nueva ecuación de estado para plasmas de helio de Saumon et al. y nuevas opacidades radiativas OPAL. Las pérdidas por neutrinos fueron asimismo tenidas en cuenta. Excepto para las EBs más masivas, nuestros modelos iniciales están ubicados en las cercanías de la correspondiente línea de Hayashi para configuraciones de helio. Nuestros resultados muestran que existe una región prohibida en el diagrama observacional HR donde ninguna EB de helio puede encontrarse. Dicha región es para log{(L/Lsolar )}>= -0.25 and log{Teff} >= 4.45. Hemos encontrado también que los tracks evolutivos en el diagrama HR en el dominio de alta luminosidad (pre - EB) son fuertemente afectados por la eficiencia convectiva y que las pérdidas por neutrinos son importantes en los modelos más masivos. Finalmente hemos analizado la estructura de la zona convectiva externa encontrando que la teoría de Canuto - Mazzitelli conduce a un perfil convectivo muy diferente del dado por cualquier versión de la popular teoría de la mixing length. Si bién este comportamiento es decisivo en el contexto de las inestabilides pulsacionales, los radios y gravedades superficiales de

Examination of influential observations in penalized spline regression

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Türkan, Semra

2013-10-01

In parametric or nonparametric regression models, the results of regression analysis are affected by some anomalous observations in the data set. Thus, detection of these observations is one of the major steps in regression analysis. These observations are precisely detected by well-known influence measures. Pena's statistic is one of them. In this study, Pena's approach is formulated for penalized spline regression in terms of ordinary residuals and leverages. The real data and artificial data are used to see illustrate the effectiveness of Pena's statistic as to Cook's distance on detecting influential observations. The results of the study clearly reveal that the proposed measure is superior to Cook's Distance to detect these observations in large data set.

La dimensión estremecida

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Edgar O'Hara

1993-09-01

Full Text Available Llanto de la espada. Eduardo García Aguilar. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, 1992. 16 textos / Falso diario. Santiago Mutis Durán. Universidad del Valle, Colección "La Cierva Blanca", Cali, 1993, 72 págs. En alabanza del tiempo. Álvaro Rodríguez Torres. Universidad del Valle, Colección "La Cierva Blanca", Cali, 1993, 51 págs. El rey de los espantos. Víctor Manuel Gaviria. Universidad del Valle, Colección "La Cierva Blanca", Cali, 1993, 69 págs. La luna del dragón. William Ospina. Universidad del Valle, Colección "La Cierva Blanca" , Cali, 1993, 107 págs. En la posada del mundo. Fernando Herrera Gómez. Universidad del Valle, Colección "La Cierva Blanca", Cali, 1993, 81 págs. Piezas para la mano izquierda. Jaime Alberto Vélez. Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 1992.

Estudio del comportamiento de los recargues multicapas de depósitos soldados de fundición blanca al cromo

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R. Collazo-Carceller

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Se determina la influencia de los parámetros Energía introducida (Hi, Número de capas (Nc y Ancho del depósito (Ad, en la morfología y el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo de capas depositadas sobre acero 1020 utilizando el electrodo de fundición blanca al cromo UTP Ledurit – 61. Empleando la microscopia óptica se identificaron y cuantificaron las fases presentes, analizando su efecto en el desgaste. Siendo determinante la influencia de la inclinación de las dendritas y su posición con respecto a 90° en el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo. Se caracterizaron los posibles mecanismos de daño superficial provocado por desgaste abrasivo empleando la microscopia electrónica de barrido. Se propusieron modelos lineales para correlacionar la influencia de la cantidad, tamaño, dispersión de los carburos y el ángulo de inclinación de las dendritas, en el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste.The influence of different parameters in layer morphology and abrasion resistance of Fe-Cr-C electrodes UTP Ledurit – 61 on steel 1020 was studied. Introduced Energy (Hi, Number of Layers (Nc, and Deposit Width (Ad were the main parameters considered. The metallographic identification and quantification of metal phases and the determination of their effect in abrasion resistance were made with optical microscopy. The abrasive wear test characterized by scanning electron microscopy, defines a possible mechanism of surface damage. It was found that the angle formed between a normal line to the surface and the dendrite inclination is directly related with the increment of wear resistance. Lineal models that correlate wear resistance with quantity, size, and carbide dispersion and dendrite angle inclination were also developed.

El patrimonio cultural en los procesos de renovación de áreas turísticas litorales. Una aproximación al destino turístico de la Costa Blanca (Alicante, España

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Elisa Rico Cánovas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available En el contexto de los procesos de renovación turística en destinos litorales consolidados, una de las acciones más utilizadas por parte de los agentes públicos y privados es la estrategia de la diversificación del producto turístico a partir de la valorización de elementos del patrimonio natural y cultural. En este trabajo se trata de realizar una breve revisión de las principales aportaciones científicas en el ámbito de la Geografía del Turismo, para posteriormente centrarse en el análisis de la amplitud y diversidad temática del patrimonio cultural del destino de la Costa Blanca (Alicante, España, área turística caracterizada por los síntomas de consolidación que sugieren los modelos evolutivos del Ciclo de Vida del Producto Turístico y las teorías de restructuración productiva. A través de esta aproximación a la potencialidad turística del patrimonio cultural, se identifica el grado de interés turístico de los elementos que conforman los principales temas patrimoniales que podrían ser argumento para la creación de productos turísticos culturales. De este modo, sería factible el desarrollo de una estrategia de diversificación del producto turístico que serviría para mejorar la situación competitiva del destino seleccionado, al tiempo que el patrimonio cultural actuaría como elemento de vertebración territorial superando la segregación funcional que habitualmente se produce entre espacios litorales e interiores.

HUMEDAD CRÍTICA Y REPELENCIA AL AGUA EN ANDISOLES BAJO COBERTURA DE Cupressus lusitanica y Quercus humboldtii EN LA CUENCA DE LA QUEBRADA PIEDRAS BLANCAS (MEDELLÍN, COLOMBIA CRITICAL MOISTURE AND WATER REPELLENCY ON ANDISOLS UNDER Cupressus lusitanica AND Quercus humboldtii COVER IN THE PIEDRAS BLANCAS WATERSHED ( MEDELLÍN, COLOMBIA

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Bibiana Caballero Mejía

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En dos vertientes de la cuenca de la quebrada Piedras Blancas (Medellín, Colombia se estudió la relación humedad - persistencia de la repelencia al agua en la parte superficial de andisoles bajo dos coberturas vegetales: Cupressus lusitanica (ciprés y Quercus humboldtii (roble, en tres posiciones a lo largo de la vertiente de colinas bajas: superior, media e inferior y en dos condiciones de humedad: con la humedad de campo y con la humedad adquirida al equilibrar al aire durante dos días muestras que habían sido secadas a 105 °C. En cada sitio de la vertiente se ubicó una parcela de 6 m x 5 m y en ella se tomaron 60 muestras de suelo en una malla de 1 m x 0,5 m. La persistencia de la repelencia al agua se evaluó con el método del WDPT en muestras tamizadas a 1 mm. Se presentó un alto número de muestras fuertemente repelentes al agua en todas las condiciones de trabajo, siendo mayor la frecuencia en ciprés que en roble. Tanto la repelencia al agua como la humedad presentaron comportamiento diferencial por cobertura y por posición en la vertiente dentro de la misma cobertura. No se pudo establecer una relación consistente entre el contenido de humedad de las muestras y la persistencia de la repelencia al agua que presentaron, así como tampoco se pudo definir una zona de transición de humedad crítica para que se manifestara la repelencia al agua en ellas, en ninguna de las dos coberturas vegetales y en ninguna posición en la vertiente.In two hillside of the Piedras Blancas watershed ( Medellín, Colombia was studied the relation humidity - persistence of the water repellency on the surface of the andisols under two vegetable covers: Cupressus lusitanica (cypress and Quercus humboldtii (oak groves. These were found in three different positions along the side of low hills: upper, middle and lower grounds, as well as in two conditions of humidity: with the humidity acquired when equilibrated with the air during two days (samples

Modeling non-steady state radioisotope transport in the vadose zone - A case study using uranium isotopes at Peña Blanca, Mexico

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Ku, T. L.; Luo, S.; Goldstein, S. J.; Murrell, M. T.; Chu, W. L.; Dobson, P. F.

2009-10-01

Current models using U- and Th-series disequilibria to study radioisotope transport in groundwater systems mostly consider a steady-state situation. These models have limited applicability to the vadose zone (UZ) where the concentration and migratory behavior of radioisotopes in fluid are often transitory. We present here, as a first attempt of its kind, a model simulating the non-steady state, intermittent fluid transport in vadose layers. It provides quantitative constraints on in-situ migration of dissolved and colloidal radioisotopes in terms of retardation factor and rock-water interaction (or water transit) time. For uranium, the simulation predicts that intermittent flushing in the UZ leads to a linear relationship between reciprocal U concentration and 234U/ 238U ratio in percolating waters, with the intercept and slope bearing information on the rates of dissolution and α-recoil of U isotopes, respectively. The general validity of the model appears to be borne out by the measurement of uranium isotopes in UZ waters collected at various times over a period during 1995-2006 from a site in the Peña Blanca mining district, Mexico, where the Nopal I uranium deposit is located. Enhanced 234U/ 238U ratios in vadose-zone waters resulting from lengthened non-flushing time as prescribed by the model provide an interpretative basis for using 234U/ 238U in cave calcites to reconstruct the regional changes in hydrology and climate. We also provide a theoretical account of the model's potential applications using radium isotopes.

Comportamiento temporal de la radiación solar global en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina

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María Eugenia Fernández

2015-08-01

Full Text Available La energía que irradia el Sol es la principal causa de las diferencias climáticas en nuestro planeta y sustenta todos los procesos vitales. Si bien dicha emisión es prácticamente constante para escalas temporales breves, la radiación incidente en cada sitio es variable y depende en gran medida de los estados atmosféricos. En este sentido, la cantidad de cielo cubierto por nubes es un factor primordial, ya que por su capacidad de absorción y reflexión estas pueden reducir sustancialmente la radiación que alcanza la superficie terrestre. El objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar el comportamiento de la radiación solar global en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Argentina para el período 2001-2011 y comparar los valores radiativos registrados en los años 2007-2011 con datos referidos a coberturas nubosas a fin de establecer relaciones entre ambas variables. La radiación promedio para el intervalo analizado fue de 187,36 W/m 2 . En enero y en diciembre todos los días se registraron radiaciones mayores a 227,4 W/m 2 y en junio y julio la radiación siempre osciló entre 51,5 W/m 2 y 110,1 W/m 2 . En el transcurso del día la radiación alcanza su máximo valor entre las 13:00 h y 13:30 h. En lo que respecta a la relación entre la cobertura nubosa y la radiación global se observaron reducciones de hasta un 10,86 % entre cielos despejados (0 octas y parcialmente nublados (1-5 octas y de hasta 44,35 % entre cielos despejados y cubiertos (6-8 octas. En término medio, los días claros reciben alrededor de un 16 % más de radiación que todos los días en conjunto.

Permo-triassic volcanism in the San Rafael Block (Mendoza province) and its uraniferous potential

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kleiman, L.E.

1993-01-01

This paper describes the Permo-triassic volcanism in the San Rafael Block, Mendoza, Argentina, which forms part of the Choiyoi province and it represents by large volumes of intermediate to silicic ignimbrites with minor sub volcanic bodies of rhyolites, andesites and basandesites. Three different suites can be distinguished: the first one (Lower Section) of Early Permian age, is composed of dacites and rhyolites (SiO 2 up to 71 %) with minor andesites, the second one (Upper Section) of Late Permian-Early Triassic age is made up of rhyolites (SiO 2 up to 77 %) with some basandesites and andesites, and the third one, of Triassic age is composed of rhyolites (SiO 2 > 75 %) and basandecites. These suites are easily distinguished by means of trace element data and are believed to represent the transition between a subduction-related magmatic arc and an extensional tectonic regime. This tectonic setting is similar to the prevalent during the Cenozoic in the Sierra Occidental of Mexico and is favourable for the development of long-lived hydrothermal systems which lead to economic U concentrations (i.e. Sierra de Pena Blanca). In the San Rafael Block, the Dr. Baulies-Los Reyunos U deposit, which is hosted in volcanic sediments, is associated to the first suite (Lower Section). Although minor U concentrations are known, up to date, to be related to the second and third suites, these rocks are fertile and seen to be potential source for the formation of uranium deposits within a volcanic caldera environment. (Author)

Desarrollo en armonía ambiental: El caso de la Vereda Peñas Blancas del municipio de Arcabuco, Boyacá.

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Ricardo Gómez

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de generar un conocimiento aproximado (holístico a la realidad, de un territorio claramente definible, por constituirse en un ecosistema estratégico dentro del conjunto andino; se eligió profundizar en sus condiciones biofísicas, ambientales y antrópicas bajo una mirada construida a través de diálogo de saberes de disciplinas de conjunto y orgánicas. Además, para una valoración metodológica conjunta, y así prospectar un escenario de futuro. El proyecto de investigación busca garantizar su sostenibilidad y evolución en un orden consecuente con la permanencia de la vida diversa, donde el hombre se conforme con ser interventor positivo de la naturaleza y a estar encadenado a la vida como una sola (Odum, 1972. Este artículo ayuda a identificar la problemática y las potencialidades del conjunto, en la relación naturaleza-cultura (Gómez:2009, lo que corresponde sólo a la fase diagnostica y parte de la propuesta metodológica. El fin es propiciar la concreción de acciones en proyectos que sirvan para mejorar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes, con un uso racional del entorno. El artículo presenta resultados preliminares de un primer acercamiento con trabajo de campo, del proyecto piloto titulado “Diagnostico sobre prácticas histórico-sociales y culturales, tecnológicas agropecuarias y participación de la mujer en la Vereda de Peñas Blancas del municipio de Arcabuco. Boyacá”.

Influence of farming system and production purpose on the morpho structure of Spanish goat breeds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonzalez-Martinez, A.; Herrera, M.; Luque, M.; Rodero, E.

2014-06-01

The aim of this study was to examine the possible influence of farming systems, based on the morpho structure of 1,571 female goats drawn from 40 flocks containing seven Spanish breeds (Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtiberica, Negra Serrana, Pirenaica, Payoya, Murciano-Granadina and Malaguena) raised under four different farming systems. Analysis of morphometric variables showed that the morphostructure of native Spanish goat breeds was linked to the farming system used and thus to the production purpose. The morphostructure of grazing breeds may be more influenced by natural selection within the physical environment and less by human selection. That of stall-fed breeds, by contrast, reflects intense artificial selection aimed at achieving a highly-productive dairy type. For this reason, morphological evaluation systems used in breeding programmes for meat or dual-purpose goat breeds farmed extensively or semiextensively should be specific, and should reflect the influence of the environment in which these goats are farmed. (Author)

Influence of farming system and production purpose on the morphostructure of Spanish goat breeds

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Ana Gonzalez-Martinez

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to examine the possible influence of farming systems, based on the morphostructure of 1,571 female goats drawn from 40 flocks containing seven Spanish breeds (Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtiberica, Negra Serrana, Pirenaica, Payoya, Murciano-Granadina and Malagueña raised under four different farming systems. Analysis of morphometric variables showed that the morphostructure of native Spanish goat breeds was linked to the farming system used and thus to the production purpose. The morphostructure of grazing breeds may be more influenced by natural selection within the physical environment and less by human selection. That of stall-fed breeds, by contrast, reflects intense artificial selection aimed at achieving a highly-productive dairy type. For this reason, morphological evaluation systems used in breeding programmes for meat or dual-purpose goat breeds farmed extensively or semi-extensively should be specific, and should reflect the influence of the environment in which these goats are farmed.

Potenciación del patrimonio natural, cultural y paisajístico con el diseño de itinerarios turísticos

OpenAIRE

Molina Ruiz, José; Tudela Serrano, María Luz; Guillén Serrano, Virginia

2014-01-01

Los itinerarios turísticos toman distintas denominaciones: corredores, rutas, circuitos, caminos, etc., tratando de potenciar las singularidades de su territorio y hacerlo atractivo a los visitantes. Son una potente herramienta que permite a sus usuarios conocer, valorar y conservar los elementos en ellos presentes. En este trabajo se toma como referencia el municipio de Blanca (Murcia, España) perteneciente a la comarca de Valle de Ricote y atravesado por el río Segura, que encierra interesa...

Primer registro de megafloras y palinología en estratos de la Formación Tarija (Pennsylvaniano, Arroyo Aguas Blancas, Provincia de Salta, Argentina: Descripción de dos especies nuevas First record of megafloras and palynology in the Tarija Formation (Pennsylvanian, Aguas Blancas creek, Salta Province, Argentina: Description of two new species

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Mercedes di Pasquo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se analiza e ilustra, por primera vez, una tafoflora hallada en estratos de la Formación Tarija que aflora en Arroyo Aguas Blancas, Provincia de Salta, Argentina. Se describen, también, dos especies nuevas: Malanzania starckii (licofita y Grumosisporites delpapae (espora trilete. Se reconocieron improntas de semillas platispérmicas (Sama-ropsis nunezii García emend. A. Archangelsky, Cordaicarpus cesariae Gutiérrez, Ganuza, Morel y Arrondo emend. A. Archangelsky, improntas de tallos articulados {Paracalamites australis Rigby emend. Zampirolli y Bernardes de Oliveira y compresiones/improntas de fragmentos foliares (Cordaites riojanus Archangelsky y Leguizamón, Ginkgo-phyllum sp. cf. G. diazii Archangelsky y Arrondo. Esta asociación es atribuida al Pennsylvaniano s.l. sobre la base de la distribución estratigráfica de las especies seminales. La asociación palinológica se compone de 101 especies, 53 de ellas reconocidas como autóctonas y 48 retrabajadas. El primer conjunto comprende 34 especies de esporas trilete, 11 granos de polen monosacado, un grano bisacado y siete especies de algas. El grupo retrabajado se compone de 27 esporas trilete y criptosporas, 20 especies de acritarcas, prasinofitas y otras algas y un quitinozoario. La presencia de especies exclusivas de la BiozonaD. bireticulatus-C. chacoparanensis (BC (e.g., Dictyotriletes bireticulatus (Ibrahim Potonié y Kremp emend. Smith y Butterworth, Crucisaccites latisulcatus Lele y Maithy, Verrucosisporites morulatus (Knox Potonié y Kremp emend. Smith y Butterworth, permite acotar su edad al Bashkiriano tardío-Moscoviano. La vegetación, compuesta principalmente por licofitas, esfenofitas, pteridofitas y gimnospermas, se habría desarrollado en diferentes ambientes continentales como lagos y ríos alimentados por glaciares de montaña.Fossil plant remains found in the Tarija Formation cropping out at the Aguas Blancas creek, Aguaragüe range, Salta Province, Argentina, are analy

A abordagem interdisciplinar no estudo do Homo brasilis: a genética em acordo e desacordo com a história

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Renato Pereira Brandão

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, temos o objetivo de confrontar os registros históricos e interpretações historiográficas referentes às ancestralidades indígena e judaica na formação populacional da região Sudeste brasileira com os resultados obtidos pelo geneticista Sérgio Pena em suas pesquisas sobre a origem filogenética do segmento da população brasileira autoclassificada como "branca". Nosso trabalho compara os resultados apresentados por Pena na obra Homo brasilis com dados históricos originados não só de fontes bibliográficas, mas também de fontes documentais. Concluímos que os dados filogenéticos para a ancestralidade matrilinear apresentados por Pena coincidem com os dados históricos, havendo, porém, discrepância quanto à ancestralidade patrilinear.

Pulling Success from Failure: The Texas War for Independence

Science.gov (United States)

2002-04-01

hereafter as Strategy. 4 Strategy, 41. 4 powerless. Those forces may be annihilated through battle or through destruction of the social or industrial...objective is the operational level of war. Without accounting for all the social , economical, political, or military variables that are present in...Pena, 20-21. 48 de la Pena, 43. 49 Carlos Sanchez-Navarro, La Guerra de Tejas: Memorias de un Soldado, (Mexico: Publisher unknown, 1960), 85. Quoted in

Recruitment of a penicillin-binding protein gene from Neisseria flavescens during the emergence of penicillin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis

OpenAIRE

SPRATT, BG; ZHANG, QY; JONES, DM; HUTCHISON, A; BRANNIGAN, JA; DOWSON, CG

1989-01-01

Non-beta-lactamase-producing, penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria meningitidis produce altered forms of penicillin-binding protein 2 that have decreased affinity for penicillin. The sequence of the penicillin-binding protein 2 gene (penA) from a penicillin-resistant strain of N. meningitidis was compared to the sequence of the same gene from penicillin-sensitive strains and from penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The penA genes from penicilli...

Dieta y disponibilidad de forraje del venado cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus thomasi (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en un campo experimental de Campeche, México

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Danilo Granados

2014-08-01

Full Text Available En Campeche, México no existen estudios de la dieta de Odocoileus virginianus thomasi; a pesar de la existencia de 122 Unidades de Manejo para la Conservación de la Vida Silvestre (UMAS en donde se realiza aprovechamiento del venado cola blanca. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron conocer la composición botánica de la dieta y su cambio estacional, la disponibilidad de forraje, la capacidad de carga y carga animal de O. virginianus thomasi. El trabajo se realizó de octubre 2010 a mayo 2012 en el Campo Experimental del Colegio de Postgraduados en Campeche, México. La composición de la dieta se determinó mediante el análisis de heces de venado y material de referencia con la técnica microhistológica; la disponibilidad de forraje se estimó con el método de Adelaide; la capacidad de carga utilizando la presión de pastoreo y la carga animal considerando el forraje disponible y 35% de eficiencia de utilización. La dieta incluyó 40 especies de 15 familias. La riqueza de especies más alta fue de 29 especies en la época de lluvia; las arbustivas fueron preferidas en las tres épocas del año y las herbáceas en la época de lluvia. La composición de la dieta, disponibilidad de forraje, la capacidad de carga y carga animal variaron a través del año. La capacidad de carga fluctuó entre 0.04 a 1.08 venados/ha.

Diversidad de géneros de hongos del suelo en tres campos con diferente condición agrícola en La Laguna, México Diversity of soil fungi genera in three different condition agricultural fields in La Laguna, Mexico

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José Alfredo Samaniego-Gaxiola

2007-12-01

Full Text Available En La Laguna, Coahuila-Durango, México (zona con una precipitación anual entre 80 a 250 mm se estudió la estructura de géneros de hongos del suelo en 3 campos de cultivo agrícola. Del suelo de Tierra Blanca, una huerta de nogal de 51 años, fueron aislados 23 géneros de hongos y de otros 2 suelos, una huerta de nogal de 14 años, nombrada El Chupón y un campo con cultivo de alfalfa, denominado San Jorge, se aislaron l2 géneros. Para cada género se calculó su valor índice de ímportancia (V I I. El género Fusarium tuvo el mayor V I I en los 3 suelos estudiados (71-98. La diversidad (calculada con el índice de Shannon de géneros fue diferente para cada suelo de acuerdo con intervalos de confianza (95%, con valores de 1.89, 1.72 y 1.19 para Tierra Blanca, El Chupón y San Jorge, respectivamente. Se calcularon índices ecológicos adicionales, como, Simpson, máxima riqueza (H' max y regularidad (J'. Los valores del índice de Simpson y de J' fueron similares en Tierra Blanca y San Jorge, pero sólo H' max fue similar entre El Chupón y San Jorge. El índice de similitud de Shøresen fue igual al comparar Tierra Blanca con El Chupón o Tierra Blanca con San Jorge (51.4, pero distinto entre el Chupón y San Jorge (58.3. El índice β para las combinaciones Tierra Blanca vs. San Jorge y Tierra Blanca vs. El Chupón fueron de 0.43, pero para San Jorge vs. El Chupón fue de 0.83. Los géneros de hongos del suelo que se encontraron en La Laguna coinciden en 67-75% con los encontrados en suelos desérticos de Israel, pero en La Laguna la estructura de los géneros de hongos es distinta; aquí domina Fusarium y aparecen nuevos géneros, como Trichoderma. Los cambios en la micobiota del suelo pueden haber ocurrido por la actividad agrícola en los últimos 50 años.This study was carried out in agricultural soils in La Laguna, Coahuila - Durango, Mexico (annual precipitation 80-250 mm. The structure of soil fungal genera of three field soil

Sistema interconectado de canales de marea del estuario de Bahía Blanca, Argentina: evaluación de la circulación de sedimento como carga de fondo por métodos acústicos An interconnected system of tidal channels in Bahia Blanca estuary, Argentina: an evaluation of bedload sediment transport through acoustic methods

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Silvia S Ginsberg

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El estuario de Bahía Blanca, ubicado al sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina, constituye una costa baja con extensas llanuras de marea, islas y una compleja red de canales de diferentes magnitudes. Estos últimos integran un sistema de canales interconectados. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer la circulación sedimentaria como carga de fondo en un sistema de canales interconectados (Cabeza de Buey, El Alambre, La Lista y Principal mediante el análisis de los rasgos morfológicos de fondo, utilizando métodos acústicos (ecosonda y sonar lateral. El canal Cabeza de Buey se comunica con el canal La Lista a través del canal El Alambre. Los dos primeros vierten sus aguas en el canal Principal. El canal Cabeza de Buey posee un lecho plano constituido por material pelítico con arena muy fina. En su tramo más interno se presentan dunas medianas compuestas por arena fina, con un perfil asimétrico según el reflujo. Estas formas, continúan su desarrollo ininterrumpidamente hacia el canal El Alambre, donde se originan dunas grandes (altura 1,5 m formadas por arena muy fina. Sus crestas son sinuosas o barjanoides y poseen su talud hacia la corriente de bajante. En el canal La Lista se determinan dunas asimétricas medianas orientadas según el reflujo y grandes linea-ciones sedimentarias (sand ribbons sobre un fondo consolidado. El sedimento movilizado por la corriente corresponde a la fracción limo-arena fina. La distribución y configuración de las geoformas evidencian que el transporte sedimentario como carga de fondo se concentra principalmente en el canal La Lista. Es así como en el sistema de canales estudiado, sólo un canal de marea regula la dispersión de arena, transportando un importante volumen hacia el canal de navegación.Bahia Blanca estuary located in the south of Buenos Aires province, Argentina, is characterized by a low coastal area with large tidal plains, islands, and a complex network of tidal channels of

Comparar la exportación de granos del Puerto Quequén con, la producción nacional de granos (soja, maíz, trigo y girasol), la exportación de granos desde los puertos de Rosario y principalmente del mayor competidor Bahía Blanca, y presentar alternativas para mejorar la relación

OpenAIRE

Ciccarelli, Fabián

2010-01-01

El propósito de la tesis es identificar las causas de la menor evolución en las exportaciones de granos realizadas por el Puerto Quequén (anexo III), respecto al crecimiento constante de la producción del país y al incremento en las exportaciones de los puertos de Bahía Blanca y Rosario, dado que es un eslabón crítico que impacta directamente en la cadena agroindustrial exportadora, la cual representa aproximadamente el 70% del PBI de la comunidad de Necochea/Quequén. Para la identificación d...

Torres Blancas

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José Manuel López-Peláez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Nella Madrid degli anni sessanta l’architetto navarro Sáenz de Oíza sperimenta la costruzione di un edificio residenziale a torre in cemento armato. Risultato della felice relazione con un imprenditore mecenate, Juan Huarte, l’edificio si articola nella variazione tipologica di alloggi ad L e duplex, di locali per uffici e servizi, fino agli spazi ad uso comune, come la piscina e il ristorante della terrazza sul tetto, per proporsi come modello di piccola città autosufficiente. / In 1960s Madrid, the Navarrese architect Sáenz de Oíza tried constructing a residential tower in reinforced concrete. The happy result of a partnership with an entrepreneur patron, Juan Huarte, the building is split into L-shaped dwellings and duplexes, rooms for offices and services, as well as communal spaces, such as a swimming pool and a restaurant on the roof terrace, to exemplify a model of a small, self-sufficient town.

Na pena, a cena

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Luiz Nazario

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Pela primeira vez foram publicadas as obras completas – ou quase (os editores deixaram de lado apenas as cartas sem maior interesse literário – de Georg Büchner. Realizada com grande apuro estilístico por Jacó Guinsburg e Ingrid Dormien Koudela, a tradução já seria digna de todos os elogios. Contudo, atento às necessidades do leitor brasileiro, carente de uma formação histórica mais aprofundada, os editores enriqueceram didaticamente o texto de A morte de Danton com notas de rodapé que constituem um livro à parte – uma pequena história da Revolução Francesa contada através da biografia de seus líderes.

La situación precaria de los derechos humanos en Estados Unidos en tiempos normales y después del 11 de septiembre de 2001

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Stephen C. Thaman

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Esta ponencia critica el impacto del derecho penal y procesal penal de los Estados Unidos sobre los derechos humanos de ciudadanos estadounidenses en tiempos normales y los cambios que ocurrieron después de los atentados del 11 de septiembre 2001. Se concentra en las prácticas de racial profiling, pena de muerte, penas privativas de libertad draconianas en tiempos normales y el uso de detención ilimitada, tortura y escuchas secretas desde el 11-S.

Emerging Glacial Lakes in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: A Case Study at Arteson Glacier

Science.gov (United States)

Chisolm, R. E.; Mckinney, D. C.; Gomez, J.; Voss, K.

2012-12-01

Tropical glaciers are an essential component of the water resources systems in the mountainous regions where they are located, and a warming climate has resulted in the accelerated retreat of Andean glaciers in recent decades. The shrinkage of Andean glaciers influences the flood risk for communities living downstream as new glacial lakes have begun to form at the termini of some glaciers. As these lakes continue to grow in area and volume, they pose an increasing risk of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Ice thickness measurements have been a key missing link in studying the tropical glaciers in Peru and how climate change is likely to impact glacial melt and the growth of glacial lakes. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has rarely been applied to glaciers in Peru to measure ice thickness, and these measurements can tell us a lot about how a warming climate will affect glacier mass balance. This study presents GPR data taken in July 2012 at the Arteson glacier in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. A new lake has begun to form at the terminus of the Arteson glacier, and this lake has key features, including overhanging ice and loose rock likely to create landslides, that could trigger a catastrophic GLOF if the lake continues to grow. This new lake is part of a series of three lakes that have formed below the Arteson glacier. The two lower lakes, Artesonraju and Paron, are much larger so that if there were an avalanche or landslide into the new lake below Arteson glacier, the impact could potentially be more catastrophic than a GLOF from one single lake. Estimates of how the lake mass balance is likely to evolve due to the retreating glacier are key to assessing the flood risk from this dynamic three-lake system. Because the glacier mass balance and lake mass balance are closely linked, the ice thickness measurements and measurements of the bed slope of the Arteson glacier and underlying bedrock give us a clue to how the lake is likely to evolve. GPR measurements of

Arte Público y Memoria Ferroviaria II Paseo de las Esculturas, Bahía Blanca, República Argentina.

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Diana I. Ribas

2017-07-01

Full Text Available En los noventa, la degradación final del sistema ferroviario estatal impulsada por el Presidente Carlos Menem en el marco de una serie de normas neoliberales implicó, paradójicamente, que los restos materiales se convirtieran en una atracción para el arte público regional. En ese entonces, el Museo Municipal de Arte de Bahía Blanca impulsó un Simposio Nacional de Escultura Monumental invitando a diez artistas a utilizar la chatarra de hierro desde el paradigma moderno de arte autónomo. Las obras fueron instaladas en una parte del entubamiento del arroyo Napostá, que fue integrado a otras acciones de planeamiento urbano que valorizaron la zona norte de la ciudad. El nuevo parque lineal comenzó a ser llamado Paseo de las Esculturas. Dos variables reafirman la categoría de arte público en esta activación de la memoria ferroviaria. En primer lugar, el espacio en donde están emplazadas es público, en tanto es de propiedad estatal y, sobre todo, por ser de libre acceso. A su vez, los debates posteriores suscitados por el soporte artístico no tradicional, por la colocación de cercos en tres de las obras y por los costos de la puesta en valor del sector en 2016/17, implican una operación que ha superpuesto una dimensión ideológico-política (esfera pública a la territorial. Por otro lado, en las fuentes documentales la palabra “público” ha sido utilizada en referencia a representaciones sociales vinculadas con la exhibición y la recepción. El carácter duradero de los viejos hierros ferroviarios ha permitido que las formas instaladas en el parque lineal sean constructoras de distintos esquemas intelectuales que, según lo registrado, en su mayoría no han remitido a las historias que han atravesado al material ni a las acciones que desarticularon el sistema de transporte. En síntesis, si bien las esculturas del Paseo introdujeron la no figuración monumental en un sector de la trama urbana bahiense y cumplieron un rol pedag

Seis actuaciones del profesional de enfermería para prevenir los falsos diagnósticos de hipertensión: La hipertensión de bata blanca y el efecto de bata blanca Six performances of the nurse in order to prevent an erroneous diagnosis of essential hypertension: white coat hypertension and white coat effect

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Isaac Amigo

2005-03-01

Full Text Available La hipertensión de bata blanca (HBB puede considerarse como un falso diagnóstico de hipertensión que puede provocar tratamientos farmacológicos innecesarios, afectar a la calidad de vida de las personas e incrementar de un modo notable el gasto sanitario. Se calcula que la prevalencia de la HBB se situaría en torno a un 20% de los pacientes diagnosticados como hipertensos. Las investigaciones experimentales subrayan que la enfermera obtiene, en general, medidas más fiables de la presión arterial (PA que los médicos y que por ello puede desempeñar un papel fundamental para prevenir estos falsos diagnósticos. En esta línea se subrayan seis actuaciones profesionales que contribuirían de manera decisiva para prevenir estos errores.White coat hypertension (WCH can be considerated an erroneous diagnosis of essential hypertension and can represents a serious problem when we consider the clinical and pharmacological and economic consequences of an incorrect blood pressure measurement. The prevalence of WCH is situated around 20% of the patients diagnosed as having high blood pressure. The results from different studies point out that the nurses usually obtain more reliable blood pressure readings than the doctors, because of that they can play an important role in the control of WCH. In relation to this a total of six specific recommendations are put forward with the aim of preventing an erroneous diagnosis of essential hypertension.

Bibliografía jurídica colombiana : abril de 1969

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Jorge Ortega Torres

1969-04-01

Full Text Available Estudios sobre la pena de muerte: El Código Penal del 27 de junio de 1837 en sus artículos 33 a 40, fuera de algunos otros, reglamenta la pena de muerte. La ley del 11 de junio de 1844, sobre reformas judiciales, en su artículo 24, dispone cuándo debe conmutarse. La ley del 26 de mayo de 1849 suprimió la pena de muerte y otras, en delitos políticos y la de vergüenza pública en los comunes. El proyecto fue presentado por los conservadores Manuel J. Quijano y Juan Nepomuceno Neira. La Constitución Nacional expedida en 1886 en sus artículos 29 y 30 habla de ella; dichas disposiciones fueron reglamentadas por los artículos 47 a 54 del Código Penal de 1890 (ley 19. El acto legislativo 3 de 1910 (artículo 39 la suprimió (artículo 29 de la compilación actual.

A incontinência urinária em mulheres e os aspectos raciais: uma revisão de literatura

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Lígia da Silva Leroy

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Revisión de literatura cuyo objetivo fue identificar las asociaciones entre la incontinencia urinaria en las mujeres y los aspectos raciales. Se utilizaron las bases de datos MEDLINE y LILACS para investigar los artículos publicados en los años 2003 a 2010. Se analizaron 30 publicaciones que indicaron diferentes relaciones entre la incontinencia y la raza. La prevalencia de la incontinencia fue mayor entre las mujeres blancas. La incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo fue más frecuente entre blancas y de urgencia entre negras. Blancas y asiáticas tenían pérdida urinaria en menor cantidad en comparación con las negras e hispanas. El impacto en la calidad de vida está más relacionada con la severidad de la pérdida de orina y otros factores, y no específicamente a la cuestión de la racial. Blancas tuvieron un mejor conocimiento acerca de la incontinencia y con mayor frecuencia fueron sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico por la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo. Las blancas y latinas tienen mayor riesgo de incontinencia cuando comparadas con las negras y asiáticas. Se resalta la necesidad de estudios brasileños para que los datos puedan ser adecuados a nuestra realidad.

Terapia y educaci??n asistida con animales, como recurso innovador en el Centro Penitenciario de Albolote (Granada)

OpenAIRE

L??pez Fern??ndez, Esther

2014-01-01

La constituci??n espa??ola, en su art??culo 25.2 establece que ???las penas privativas de libertad y las medidas de seguridad estar??n orientadas hacia la reeducaci??n y la reinserci??n social???. Sin embargo, actualmente el sistema penitenciario est?? m??s orientado al cumplimiento de la pena, el castigo, y por ello surge la necesidad de trabajar de forma innovadora con los internos utilizando para ello t??cnicas dirigidas a potenciar su reeducaci??n y reinserci??n. Con tal fin surge este pr...

Patrones de distribución y tasas de bioerosión del erizo Centrostephanus coronatus (Diadematoida: Diadematidae, en el arrecife de Playa Blanca, Pacífico colombiano

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Gerardo Toro-Farmer

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Los erizos regulares son uno de los principales grupos de organismos bioerosionadores que destruyen los arrecifes coralinos alrededor del mundo. En el presente estudio se determinaron los patrones de distribución y abundancia y las tasas de carbonato de calcio removido en el arrecife de Playa Blanca por Centrostephanus coronatus, una de las especies de erizos más abundante en este arrecife. Para este fin se realizaron cuatro visitas al arrecife entre 1997 y 1998 durante las cuales se contabilizó el número de individuos en cada una de las principales zonas arrecifales (Trasarrecife, Plataforma-Cresta, Frente, y Talud. Las tasas de erosión fueron determinadas por medio del análisis del contenido estomacal de un número representativo de individuos colectados en cada zona. Cada sistema digestivo fue calcinado para eliminar la materia orgánica y conservar solamente la porción inorgánica de carbonato de calcio. C. coronatus presentó sus mayores densidades hacia las zonas centrales del arrecife (12.4 ind/m² ; rango 0-48 ind/m² . La tasa de bioerosión promedio más alta de C. coronatus fue de 0.103 kgCaCo3 /m² /año en la Plataforma-Cresta (rango 0 a 0.69 kgCaCo3 /m² /año. En las otras zonas (trasarrecife y frente las tasas promedio de erosión fueron 0.071 (0-0.39 y 0.052 (0-0.31 kgCaCo3 /m² /año respectivamente. De acuerdo con estos datos fue posible comprobar que la destrucción de esqueletos de corales en este arrecife por esta especie de erizo es baja, comparada con la acción abrasionadora de este tipo de organismos en otras partes del mundo. Sin embargo, la acción combinada de C. coronatus con otros organismos bioerosionadores y con algunos factores ambientales adversos para los corales, puede estar provocando un desbalance entre los procesos normales de contrucción-destrucción arrecifal en la Isla GorgonaRegular sea-urchins are one of the main bioeroding organisms affecting coral reefs around the world. The abundance

desertification process altoandina olleros district area (Huaraz, ancash)

OpenAIRE

Cruz Reyes, Fray Masias

2014-01-01

The territory of Olleros district is considered high Andean, and extends from 3600 masl. Olleros bounded on the east by the Cordillera Blanca, so the entire territory corresponde to the western side of this, which is characterized by steep slopes over 20% of its length. Being a very rugged territory because of the steady flow of water from the numerous ravines or talwegs (in this case: Mashuan, Aco, Arzobispo, Puyhuan, Rurec and Arhuey), there can be distinguished four natural regions: Quech...

BICULTIVO EN BIOFLOC DE CACHAMA BLANCA -Piaractus brachypomus- Y TILAPIA NILÓTICA -Oreochromis niloticus- ALIMENTADAS CON DIETAS DE ORIGEN VEGETAL

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S. B. Brú-Cordero

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el desempeño productivo de cachama blanca y tilapia nilótica cultivadas en biofloc y alimentadas con dietas de origen vegetal. Se cultivaron 80 peces/m3 en proporción 1:1 (cachama : tilapia, con tres niveles de proteína bruta (PB: 16% (T16, 24% (T24 y 32% (T32, en tanques de 1.000 l, con aireación permanente durante 120 días. Se estimaron parámetros de crecimiento, rendimiento, calidad de agua, costos de producción y análisis proximal de los flóculos. El oxígeno disuelto se mantuvo con saturación por encima de 100% y los compuestos nitrogenados (NO2 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NO3 = 0,4-0,5 mg/l, NH3 = 0,2-0,3 mg/l, TAN = 2,2-2,4 mg/l no presentaron diferencias entre los tratamientos (P > 0,05. Los pesos finales de la cachama (173,5-196,2 g fueron entre dos y cuatro veces los obtenidos por la tilapia (43,0-87,9 g. El mejor rendimiento del bicultivo se obtuvo con la dieta T24 (11,4 ± 1,3 kg/m3, el cual también registró el menor FCA (0,9 ± 0,3. Producir un kilogramo de pescado costó entre COP $3.148 (T24 y COP $4.445 (T32; del cual el alimento representó entre 49,2% (T16 y 63,3% (T32 y la energía, entre 10,3% (T32 y 14,2% (T16 de los costos. El análisis proximal de los flóculos registró niveles de proteína bruta (29-36% PB adecuados para cachama y tilapia; pero con niveles bajos de lípidos (< 1,0%. El desempeño productivo y los costos de producción permiten sugerir la viabilidad que ofrece el sistema biofloc para la producción de carne de pescado con alimento de 24% PB de origen vegetal.

Polyphase white mica growth in low-grade metapelites from La Cébila Metamorphic Complex (Famatinian Belt, Argentina: evidence from microstructural and XRD investigations Crecimiento polifásico de mica blanca en metapelitas de bajo grado del Complejo Metamórfico La Cébila (Faja Famatiniana, Argentina: evidencias a partir de investigaciones microestructurales y de DRX

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Sebastián O Verdecchia

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Two tectono-thermal metamorphic events, M1-D1 (S1, with associated white mica and chlorite: WM1-Chl1 and M2-D2 (S2, with development of WM2-Chl2, are established from polyphase white mica growth for low-grade units from the Ordovician metasedimentary successions of La Cébila Metamorphic Complex in the Famatinian belt (western-central Argentina. The thermobarometric characterization of the M1 main event was carried out by means of clay-mineral analysis and crystallo-chemical parameter measurements. Epizonal (temperatures between 300 and 400°C and low-pressure conditions are suggested for M1 event, based in Kübler index values ranging from 0.23 to 0.17 A°20, white mica b parameter values between 9.004 and 9.022 Á (mean of 9.014 Á, n=16 and Si contents between 3.13-3.29 a.p.f.u. Temperatures of ~180-270°C are estimated for the M2 event, with Kübler index values ranging from 0.31 to 0.46 A°20. The M1-D1 event of La Cébila could be linked to high-strain heating tectono-metamorphic Ordovician regime recorded in others complexes from Famatinian foreland region of Sierras Pampeanas.Dos eventos tectono-metamórficos fueron establecidos a partir de la blastesis superpuesta de mica blanca en sucesiones metasedimentarias ordovícicas de bajo grado del Complejo Metamórfico La Cébila, cinturón Famati-niano (centro oeste de Argentina: M1-D1 (S1, con blastesis asociada de mica blanca y clorita: WM1-Chl1 y M2-D2 (S2, con desarrollo de WM2-Chl2. La caracterización termobarométrica del evento principal M1 fue llevada a cabo a través del análisis de minerales de arcilla y de la medición de parámetros cristaloquímicos. Las condiciones de epizona con temperaturas entre 300 y 400°C, y baja presión fueron estimadas para el evento M1 sobre la base de valores de índice de Kübler de 0,23 a 0,17 A°20, parámetro b de la mica blanca entre 9,004 y 9,022 Á (valor medio de 9,014 Á, n=16 y contenidos de Si entre 3,13-3,29 a.p.f.u. Se estimaron

Ácaros de penas e carrapatos (Acari associados a Turdus albicollis Vieillot (Aves, Muscicapidae em uma área de Mata Atlântica da Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Feather mites and ticks (Acari associated to Turdus albicollis Vieillot (Aves, Muscicapidae in an area of Atlantic Forest at Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Alline Storni

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O parasitismo é um importante mecanismo que afeta populações e comunidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a fauna de ectoparasitos que habita o corpo do sabiá-de-coleira, Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818 e avaliar se a massa corporal do hospedeiro é afetada por estes parasitos. Os indivíduos de T. albicollis foram mensalmente capturados na Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, no período de julho de 1999 a junho de 2000, em uma área de Floresta Atlântica. As aves foram individualmente marcadas, pesadas e examinadas para registrar e quantificar a presença de ectoparasitos. A abundância e a localização dos parasitos no corpo do hospedeiro foram registradas. Em 54 indivíduos de T. albicollis amostrados, foram encontrados duas espécies de ectoparasitos. A prevalência de ácaros de penas, Pterodectes turdinus Berla, 1959, foi de 72,2% enquanto que a de carrapatos, Amblyomma longirostre Koch, 1844, foi de 27,8%. A abundância mensal de P. turdinus foi significativamente relacionada com os meses do ano, sendo maior nos meses com menor freqüência de chuva. Não houve relação estatisticamente significativa entre a massa corporal do hospedeiro (g e a abundância total de ácaros de penas e carrapatos.Parasitism is an important mechanism affecting populations and communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ectoparasites fauna living on the body of the white-necked trush, Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, and to evaluate if the host body mass is affected by these parasites. Turdus albicollis were monthly captured at Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro, from July 1999 to June 2000 in an area of Atlantic Forest. The birds were individualy marked, weighed and carefully checked to record and quantify the presence of ectoparasites. Parasite abundance and location on the bird's body were recorded. In 54 individuals of T. albicollis sampled, two ectoparasite species were found. The prevalence of the feather mite Pterodectes turdinus

La persecución jurídica contra Prisciliano

OpenAIRE

Bravo Bosch, María José

2009-01-01

En este trabajo analizamos los motivos reales para encausar a Prisciliano, y la legalidad del proceso llevado a cabo contra el obispo de Ávila, por el que fue condenado a pena de muerte en un proceso civil, extraño a la condición eclesiástica de Prisciliano. La conclusión es que el proceso fue legal desde el punto de vista formal, pero no los motivos que se adujeron para llegar a la pena máxima contra el célebre reo. In this paper we analyze the real reasons to prosecute Prisciliano, and l...

Las consecuencias jurídicas del delito y el cine: un acercamiento a la resocialización en el nuevo siglo

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José Manuel Ríos Corbacho

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las nuevas tecnologías, los elementos audiovisuales y más concretamente el cine, le dan un impulso importante al aprendizaje del alumnado, por tal razón el presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis y una aproximación, desde el punto de vista dogmático, a determinadas películas en las que se visualiza la finalidad de las penas. Esto tiene como fin que el alumno adquiera los conocimientos necesarios que le permitan dominar el derecho penal en general y la teoría de la pena, en particular.

Modelagem do crescimento e do desenvolvimento de frangos de corte: validação

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Vargas Gilberto D'Avila

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Foi desenvolvido um modelo com o objetivo de simular o metabolismo basal, a deposição de proteína na carcaça e nas penas e a deposição de gordura na carcaça. O modelo assume a existência de um "pool" de nutrientes disponíveis no corpo animal, sendo a simulação do metabolismo animal baseada no fluxo de entrada e saída de nutrientes desse "pool". Os nutrientes vêm da ingestão de alimentos ou do catabolismo tecidual, são removidos do "pool" com os destinos de mantença, deposição de proteína na carcaça, deposição de gordura na carcaça e deposição de proteína nas penas. O processo de simulação é dinâmico, com as exigências de mantença contabilizadas ao mesmo tempo que as deposições de tecidos. Três conjuntos de dados foram utilizados para o processo de calibração, de análise de sensibilidade dos parâmetros e de validação do modelo. O modelo é eficaz para simular a deposição de proteína e de gordura na carcaça, bem como a deposição de proteína nas penas. No entanto, há a necessidade de um ajuste nos parâmetros envolvidos nas deposições de acordo com o genótipo que se pretende simular, principalmente para a taxa de maturação da proteína na carcaça (B P, para a taxa de maturação da proteína nas penas (B F, para o peso maduro da proteína na carcaça (WmP e para o peso maduro da proteína nas penas (WmF. O modelo mostrou-se especialmente sensível a estes parâmetros na análise de sensibilidade, salientando-se a importância de serem corretamente determinados. As deposições de proteína na carcaça e nas penas apresentaram menores coeficientes de correlação (r² entre os valores observados e simulados em função da grande variação entre genótipos, o que reforça a necessidade de se determinar corretamente os parâmetros que caracterizam cada genótipo.

EVALUACIÓN DE LA RESTRICCIÓN ALIMENTICIA SOBRE EL DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO Y FISIOLÓGICO EN JUVENILES DE CACHAMA BLANCA, Piaractus brachypomus, EN CONDICIONES DE LABORATORIO

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L. Rodríguez

2011-01-01

muscular de proteína y energía. En cuanto al diseño experimental, este fue completamenteal azar, con cuatro tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, cada una con cuatroindividuos. Se seleccionaron 64 individuos con 58,40 ± 6,56 g de peso (P y 14,65 ±0,75 cm de longitud total (LT, distribuidos aleatoriamente en 16 acuarios y sometidosdurante ocho semanas a los siguientes tratamientos: de control (T0: alimentación diaria;tratamiento 1 (T1: un día de ayuno y uno de alimentación; tratamiento 2 (T2:tres días de ayuno y dos días de alimentación, y tratamiento 3 (T3: dos días de ayunoy tres de alimentación. Se utilizó alimento de 35% de proteína, suministrado al 3%de la biomasa total dos veces al día. Al culminar el periodo experimental, los animalesexperimentales se anestesiaron y se les tomaron muestras de sangre para evaluar diferentesparámetros metabólicos y hormonales. Posteriormente, se sacrificaron, pesarony midieron; luego, se pesaron sus vísceras y una porción de músculo blanco se obtuvopara determinar el contenido de proteína y energía. Al final del ensayo, se calculó la sobrevivencia. Luego, de acuerdo con los resultados,se concluyó que no hubo diferencias significativas en la mayoría de los parámetrosanalizados, por lo que se infiere que los juveniles de cachama blanca son capaces deadaptarse metabólicamente a la carencia parcial de alimento y optimizar la respuesta en su desempeño.

Flexibilidade mental na resolução de problemas em indivíduos que cumprem pena por homicídio qualificado Problem-solving mental flexibility in individuals who were convicted for murder

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Viviane Del Pino

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a flexibilidade mental na resolução de problemas em indivíduos que cumprem pena por homicídio qualificado em penitenciária de média segurança na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. O estudo foi quantitativo de tipo transversal. A amostra (n=60 foi localizada por conveniência, contou com 30 indivíduos homicidas pareados quanto a sexo, idade, escolaridade e classe social com 30 sujeitos sem antecedentes criminais. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas - WCST, Teste Stroop de Cores e Palavras, os subtestes Cubos, Códigos e Vocabulário do WAIS-III, a Mini-International Psychiatric Interview e uma ficha de dados sócio-demográficos. Nas categorias do WCST e no Teste Stroop o grupo de homicidas apresentou escores inferiores ao grupo controle com diferença estatisticamente significativa (pThis study aimed at assessing problem-solving mental flexibility in individuals who were convicted for qualified murder, and confined in a medium-security prison within the Metropolitan Area of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The quantitative cross-research study had a convenience sample (n=60 including 30 homicides, paired by gender, age, schooling and social class to 30 individuals who had no criminal records. Assessment instruments used were Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Stroop Color and Word Test, WAIS-III Block Design, Digit-Symbol Coding and Vocabulary subtests, a Mini-International Psychiatric Interview and a socio-demographic datasheet. In the WCST categories and in the Stroop Test, the group of homicides showed lower scores than the control group with a statistically significant difference (p<0,05. It is concluded that individuals convicted for qualified murder show lower problem-solving flexibility, than the individuals having no criminal records.

Short-term variability on mesozooplankton community in a shallow mixed estuary (Bahía Blanca, Argentina): Influence of tidal cycles and local winds

Science.gov (United States)

Menéndez, María C.; Piccolo, María C.; Hoffmeyer, Mónica S.

2012-10-01

The short-term dynamics of zooplankton in coastal ecosystems are strongly influenced by physical processes such as tides, riverine runoff and winds. In this study, we investigated the short-term changes of the representative taxa within mesozooplankton in relation to the semidiurnal tidal cycles. Also, we evaluated the influence of local winds on this short-term variability. Sampling was carried out bimonthly from December 2004 to April 2006 in a fixed point located in the inner zone of the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina. Mesozooplankton samples were taken by pumps during 14-h tidal cycles at 3-h intervals, from surface and bottom. Vertical profiles of temperature and salinity as well as water samples to determine suspended particulate matter were acquired at each sampling date. All data concerning winds were obtained from a meteorological station and water level was recorded with a tide gauge. Holoplankton dominated numerically on meroplankton and adventitious fraction. Concerning holoplanktonic abundance, the highest values were attained by the calanoid copepods Acartia tonsa and Eurytemora americana. Meroplankton occurred mainly as barnacle larvae while benthic harpacticoids and Corophium sp. dominated the adventitious component. Semidiurnal tide was the main influence on the A. tonsa variability. However, noticeable differences in the abundance pattern as function of wind intensity were detected. Meroplankton abundance did not show a clear variation along the tidal cycle. Distributional pattern of harpacticoids seemed to be mainly modulated by velocity asymmetries in the tidal currents, in the same way as suspended particulate matter. However, the Corophium sp. distribution indicated probable behavioural responses associated with tides. The obtained results show how variable the mesozooplankton community structure can be over short-term time scales in mesotidal temperate estuaries. This variability should be taken into account for any zooplankton monitoring

Andean waterways

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Mattias Borg

Andean Waterways explores the politics of natural resource use in the Peruvian Andes in the context of climate change and neoliberal expansion. It does so through careful ethnographic analysis of the constitution of waterways, illustrating how water becomes entangled in a variety of political......, social, and cultural concerns. Set in the highland town of Recuay in Ancash, the book traces the ways in which water affects political and ecological relations as glaciers recede. By looking at the shared waterways of four villages located in the foothills of Cordillera Blanca, it addresses pertinent...

Os maus antecedentes são perpétuos?

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Lilian Sousa Terra

2015-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como escopo a reflexão sobre a inflexão do instituto dos maus antecedentes à luz da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 e dos princípios informadores do direito penal, nela contidos. Passando em revista ao conceito dos maus antecedentes e da reincidência e aos diversos efeitos sobrevindos de sua adoção, tanto aqueles observados na aplicação da pena quanto na sua execução, buscar-se-á avaliar sobre sua compatibilidade com os princípios da legalidade, da vedação às penas de caráter perpétuo, da humanidade das penas, do non bis in idem e da dignidade da pessoa humana. Foca-se, outrossim, nos institutos do Direito Penal do Autor e do Fato e do Direito ao Esquecimento sob a perspectiva dos maus antecedentes. Por fim, realizar-se-á abordagem sobre a questão da responsabilidade do Estado pela reincidência e a posição dos principais tribunais brasileiros quanto ao caráter perpétuo dos maus antecedentes.

EL PRINCIPIO DE PROPORCIONALIDAD EN DERECHO PENAL: ALGUNAS CONSIDERACIONES ACERCA DE SU CONCRETIZACIÓN EN EL ÁMBITO DE LA INDIVIDUALIZACIÓN DE LA PENA THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY IN CRIMINAL LAW: SOME CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT ITS REALIZATION IN THE INDIVIDUALIZATION OF THE SENTENCE

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Hernán Fuentes Cubillos

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Frente a la constante tensión entre arbitrio judicial y tasación legal en el proceso de individualización de la pena, y a la ausencia de una sólida teoría que la oriente, nace la necesidad de depurar los criterios que sean idóneos para recoger aquellas circunstancias objetivas y subjetivas que rodearon al hecho, desde un enfoque eminentemente retrospectivo. Aquí el principio de proporcionalidad tiene un fértil terreno para desplegarse, y su incipiente autonomía le otorga la virtualidad de dar concreción a las finalidades retributivas de la norma penal, y de esa forma constituirse en unas de las más relevantes directrices de racionalización en el ejercicio del iuspuniendi.Faced with the constant tension between judicial judgement and Legal valuation in the process of individualization of punishment and the absence of a strong theory guiding it, the need to purge criteria that are suitable for collecting both objective and subjective circumstances surrounding the facts is born, from a predominantly retrospective approach. Here the principle of proportionality is on fertile ground to spread, and its emergent autonomy grants it virtuality to specify the criminal standard, and thus become one of the most important guidelines for rationalization in the exercise of ius puniendi.

Resistance to β-Lactams in Neisseria ssp Due to Chromosomally Encoded Penicillin-Binding Proteins.

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Zapun, André; Morlot, Cécile; Taha, Muhamed-Kheir

2016-09-28

Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are human pathogens that cause a variety of life-threatening systemic and local infections, such as meningitis or gonorrhoea. The treatment of such infection is becoming more difficult due to antibiotic resistance. The focus of this review is on the mechanism of reduced susceptibility to penicillin and other β-lactams due to the modification of chromosomally encoded penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), in particular PBP2 encoded by the penA gene. The variety of penA alleles and resulting variant PBP2 enzymes is described and the important amino acid substitutions are presented and discussed in a structural context.

Castigo penal, injusticia social y autoridad moral

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Eduardo Rivera López

2016-03-01

Full Text Available La pregunta que exploro en este trabajo es si la injusticia social puede socavar la autoridad moral de la sociedad (y los tribunales para castigar al que delinque. La respuesta a esta pregunta depende esencialmente de cuál sea la teoría justificatoria del castigo penal de la que se parte. Analizo diversas teorías de la pena, entre ellas la teoría consensual de Carlos Nino. Mi objetivo es explorar de qué modo las diferentes teorías de la pena enfrentan el desafío que plantea la pregunta y extraer algunas conclusiones tentativas de ese recorrido.

Criterios de liberación de Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae para el control de Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae en tomate

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Aragón Sandra

2008-08-01

Full Text Available

Para la toma adecuada de decisiones en el manejo de la mosca blanca de los invernaderos, se han propuesto diferentes criterios que buscan reducir el impacto producido por el uso indiscriminado de insecticidas. Sin embargo, estos criterios de decisión son aplicables principalmente al control químico de plagas y no se conoce su uso en programas de control biológico. Por lo tanto, con este trabajo se propuso generar unos criterios de decisión para el control biológico de la mosca blanca de los invernaderos T. vaporariorum con el parasitoide Encarsia formosa, teniendo en cuenta su respuesta funcional y porcentaje de control. En un diseño completamente al azar se ubicaron 18 plantas de tomate de 8 semanas de edad infestadas con 500 ninfas de mosca blanca y 3 plantas como control absoluto. En cada planta se liberaron 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 y 50 adultos de E. formosa, con tres repeticiones por densidad. Se registró el número de ninfas melanizadas por efectos del parasitismo de E. formosa a los 12; 19 y 26 días después de la primera liberación y, al finalizar la cosecha, se realizó un conteo de las ninfas de mosca blanca totales. Los resultados de este trabajo sugieren que para obtener un control cercano a 80% se debe liberar un parasitoide por cada 17 ninfas de mosca blanca de tercer instar, evaluando el control después de 35 días. Se pueden realizar nuevas liberaciones de E. formosa dirigidas al control de las nuevas ninfas encontradas en los muestreos periódicos del cultivo.

COMPARAÇÃO DO MÉTODO DA AMPUTAÇÃO DO II E III METACARPIANOS (PINIONING E DA TERMOCAUTERIZAÇÃO PARA COIBIR O VÔO EM POMBOS (Columbia livia

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Maria Clorinda Soares Fioravanti

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da termocauterização do folículo após a remoção das penas rêmiges primárias e da amputação do II e III metacarpianos (pinioning para coibir o vôo em pombos (Columba livia. Foram utilizadas trinta aves adultas, distribuídas de forma igualitária entre machos e fêmeas. Os animais foram alocados ao acaso em três grupos de dez animais. Nas aves do grupo 1 utilizou-se a técnica de pinioning; nas do grupo 2 praticou-se a termocauterização do folículo após a remoção das penas rêmiges primárias. O grupo 3 foi utilizado como controle. Quando se utilizou a técnica de pinioning, não houve crescimento das penas rêmiges primárias, exceto em um pássaro (10%, em que os ossos foram amputados no ponto médio entre as articulações carpo-metacarpo e falange. No grupo em que se utilizou a termocauterização, observaramse no pós-operatório necrose e sinais típicos de queimaduras, além de reposição parcial ou total das penas rêmiges primárias. Nesse grupo duas aves voaram normalmente, três voaram com dificuldade, duas alçaram vôos baixos e curtos e três não voaram. Avaliando os dois procedimentos, concluiu-se que a técnica de pinioning coibiu o vôo em 100% das aves operadas enquanto a termocauterização só coibiu 20%. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Asa, pinionig, termocauterização, pombo (Columbia livia.

Arte y memoria colectiva. Representaciones de la militancia política y la represión de la década del ’70 en Bahía Blanca (Argentina, 1995-2009

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Ana Vidal

2010-06-01

Full Text Available La última dictadura militar (1976-1983 implementó en Argentina un plan sistemático de desaparición de personas que tuvo entre sus objetivos centrales detener el desarrollo de los diversos proyectos políticos que venían encabezando algunos sectores de la izquierda en el país desde los años’60. Acaso uno de sus logros fundamentales haya sido, justamente, la clausura de los debates políticos y sociales que se habían iniciado en aquellas décadas, al punto que, pasados ya más de treinta años del golpe militar, los procesos de construcción de la memoria colectiva sobre el pasado reciente en Argentina aún dan cuenta de las dificultades existentes para elaborar representaciones que recuperen la complejidad de aquellas experiencias, y permitan, desde allí, comprender los rasgos y motivaciones de la operatoria represiva que buscó destruirlas.En este trabajo se analizan dichos procesos de rememoración colectiva a través del estudio de un caso concreto: las producciones de un conjunto de allegados y familiares a las víctimas de la represión en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (1995-2009 quienes, apelando a recursos, espacios y técnicas de las artes visuales y escénicas, elaboraron y difundieron visiones particulares respecto de aquel período.

O PENSAMENTO BECCARIANO NA CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL DE 1988: UMA BREVE ANÁLISE DOS PRINCÍPIOS PROCESSUAIS PENAIS NA OBRA “DOS DELITOS E DAS PENAS”

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Vanessa Raíres Ribeiro de Medeiros

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Os ensinamentos deixados pelo Marquês de Beccaria costumam ser bastante ressaltados quando se aborda o direito penal material. Entretanto, pouco se fala de sua contribuição para o processo penal, deveras significativa, pois seu pensamento provocou verdadeira revolução na maneira de encará-lo, que de um mero ritual de aplicação das penas passa a ser concebido como instrumento de contenção do poder de punir do Estado, devendo a aplicação da pena pautar-se por diversos princípios de natureza processual, por ele idealizados e ainda hoje incorporados no ordenamento jurídico de diversos países.

Análisis proximal, evaluación microbiológica y sensorial de carnes para hamburguesas elaboradas con cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus y soya (Glycine max texturizada

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Oscar García

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus es una especie económicamente importante en la acuicultura continental de América Latina y una alternativa nacional de producción de pescado para la piscicultura, la industria y el consumo. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación fue caracterizar mediante análisis proximal, evaluación microbiológica y sensorial, carnes para hamburguesas elaboradas con pulpa de cachama y diferentes inclusiones porcentuales de harina de soya texturizada (HST (0, 3, 6 y 9 %. Se realizó análisis proximal a las carnes crudas y cocidas, se evaluó microbiológicamente a las crudas y sensorialmente las cocidas con 100 consumidores. En las carnes para hamburguesas a mayor adición de HST favoreció la retención de agua durante la cocción y se elevó el contenido de proteína, grasa y cenizas en las carnes crudas y cocidas (p < 0,05. El análisis microbiológico reveló inocuidad alimentaria en las carnes para hamburguesas crudas, encontrándose todos los valores por debajo de lo establecido en la norma venezolana COVENIN 2127-1998 para hamburguesa y otras normas de referencia. La blandura aumentó de manera proporcional al incremento porcentual en la inclusión de HST y las formulaciones con 0, 3 y 6 % de HST se diferenciaron significativamente (p < 0,05 de la formulación con 9 %. La apariencia de las carnes de hamburguesa agradó más en las formulaciones 6 y 9 %, la blandura en 9 %, y el sabor en el control (0 %, seguido de 3 %. Algunos consumidores hicieron asociaciones de sabor a carne de pollo, mariscos y hervidos de pollo.

Effect of Light and Giberellic Acid (AG3) on the Germination of Minthostachys mollis Kunth. Griseb. (Labiatae)

OpenAIRE

Suárez, Diego; Fernández Alonso, José Luis; Marina Melgarejo, Luz

2011-01-01

Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb., es un arbusto perenne que crece en la región andina de Colombia; es ampliamente utilizada por las comunidades rurales donde es valorado por sus propiedades medicinales. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la luz (luz roja, luz blanca y luz natural) y del ácido giberélico (0, 5, 15, 25 ppm) en el proceso de germinación de M. mollis. Se encontró inhibición de la germinación bajo condiciones de oscuridad. No se observó efecto de AG3 sobre...

EFECTO DE LA LUZ Y DEL ÁCIDO GIBERÉLICO (AG3) EN LA GERMINACIÓN DE Minthostachys mollis KUNTH. GRISEB.(LABIATAE) Effect of Light and Giberellic Acid (AG3) on the Germination of Minthostachys mollis Kunth. Griseb. (Labiatae)

OpenAIRE

DIEGO SUÁREZ; JOSÉ LUIS FERNÁNDEZ ALONSO; LUZ MARINA MELGAREJO

2011-01-01

Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb., es un arbusto perenne que crece en la región andina de Colombia; es ampliamente utilizada por las comunidades rurales donde es valorado por sus propiedades medicinales. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la luz (luz roja, luz blanca y luz natural) y del ácido giberélico (0, 5, 15, 25 ppm) en el proceso de germinación de M. mollis. Se encontró inhibición de la germinación bajo condiciones de oscuridad. No se observó efecto de AG3 sobre...

Contenido de vitamina C en zumos de frutas envasados y naturales. Práctica de laboratorio interactiva.

OpenAIRE

Milla González, Miguel; Espada Bellido, Estrella

2016-01-01

En esta práctica de laboratorio simulada se aplica el método oficial (método del 2,6-diclorofenolindofenol) para determinar el contenido en vitamina C (ácido ascórbico) en un zumo. Hay tres opciones de análisis: contenido en vitamina C en un zumo de marca comercial, contenido en vitamina C en un zumo de marca blanca y contenido en vitamina C en el zumo natural de naranja. Para cada caso, se hacen cinco determinaciones y se calcula el valor medio de vitamina C expresado en mg por 100 mililitro...

Andean waterways

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Mattias Borg

, social, and cultural concerns. Set in the highland town of Recuay in Ancash, the book traces the ways in which water affects political and ecological relations as glaciers recede. By looking at the shared waterways of four villages located in the foothills of Cordillera Blanca, it addresses pertinent......Andean Waterways explores the politics of natural resource use in the Peruvian Andes in the context of climate change and neoliberal expansion. It does so through careful ethnographic analysis of the constitution of waterways, illustrating how water becomes entangled in a variety of political...... questions concerning water governance and rural lives....

Innovación y desarrollo territorial en aglomeraciones industriales periféricas: el caso del Polo Petroquímico de Bahía Blanca (Argentina

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Cincunegui, Carmen

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Since the 1980s, under a post-fordism scenery an “imagery” has been developed that represents regions as carriers of an opportunity for being more flexible and innovative than large national units. It has been emphasized also that foreign investments have an impact on innovation initiatives when an articulated social, economic and institutional context open to novelty and change exists. Regions, therefore, abandoned their position as “objects” of development to become “subjects” in charge of their own territorial development process. Under this new perspective, this article presents results of a study on innovation and territorial development in peripheral industrial agglomerations. This research analyses in the case of Bahía Blanca’s Petrochemical Pole. Investigates whether large enterprises activities have promoted territory’s competitiveness by pushing the advantages of proximity and located interaction.

Bajo un escenario postfordista, se ha desarrollado desde la década de 1980 un “imaginario” que presenta a las regiones como portadoras de la oportunidad de actuar en forma más flexible e innovadora que las grandes unidades nacionales. Se ha enfatizado también el impacto de las inversiones extranjeras para el surgimiento de iniciativas innovadoras, siempre que exista un entorno social, económico e institucional articulado y receptivo a la novedad y al cambio. Así las regiones abandonan su pretérita situación de “objetos” de desarrollo para colocarse como “sujetos” encargados de reemprender su proceso de desarrollo territorial. Considerando este nuevo enfoque, el artículo expone los resultados de una investigación sobre innovación y desarrollo territorial en aglomeraciones industriales periféricas y analiza, para el caso del Polo Petroquímico de Bahía Blanca, si la actuación de las grandes empresas del Polo ha propiciado la competitividad del territorio al impulsar las ventajas de la proximidad

Evaluación de la reacción de nueve genotipos de papa (Solanum tuberosumsubsp. andigena al ataque de Phytophthora infestans (Mont de Bary

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Betancourth G. Carlos

2008-12-01

Full Text Available

El presente trabajo se realizó en el municipio de Pasto, departamento de Nariño, Colombia, a 2.710 msnm. El objetivo fue evaluar la reacción de los clones de papa Blanca, Pintada, Rosada tipo Capiro, Roja Guata, Roja Redonda y Roja Loca y tres variedades mejoradas: Parda Suprema, Roja Nariño y Betina, al ataque de la gota (Phytophthora infestans. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones y nueve tratamientos. Para la variable severidad los mejores genotipos fueron Blanca, Pintada, Parda Suprema y Betina con un promedio de 19,72; 21,99; 23,15 y 23,62%, respectivamente. El mejor rendimiento fue obtenido por los genotipos Blanca, Pintada, Parda Suprema, Betina y Roja Loca con 29,61; 24,66; 25,71; 27,12 y 28,05 t•ha^-1, en su orden.

Uniform Distribution of Yttrium and Heavy Rare Earth Elements in Round Top Mountain Rhyolite Deposit , Sierra Blanca Texas, USA: Data, Significance, and Origin

Science.gov (United States)

Pingitore, N. E., Jr.; Clague, J. W.; Gorski, D.

2014-12-01

The Round Top Mountain peraluminous rhyolite, exposed at the surface in Sierra Blanca, Hudspeth County, west Texas, USA, is enriched in yttrium and heavy rare earth elements (YHREEs). Other potentially valuable elements in the deposit include Be, Li, U, Th, Sn, F, Nb, and Ta. Texas Rare Earth Resources Corp. proposes to extract the YHREEs from the host mineral variety yttrofluorite by inexpensive heap leaching with dilute sulfuric acid, which also releases some of the Be, Li, U, F, and Th from other soluble minor minerals. Data: Feldspars and quartz comprise 90-95% of the rhyolite, with pheonocrysts of up to 250 microns set in an aphanitic matrix that hosts the typically sub-micron target yttrofluorite. Reverse circulation cuttings from some 100 drill holes, two drill cores, and outcrop and trench observations suggest striking physical homogeneity through this billion-plus ton surface-exposed laccolith, about 1200 feet high and a mile in diameter (375 x 1600 m). Gray to pink, and other minor hues, color variation derives from magnetite—hematite redox reaction. Plots of Y, 13 REEs, U, Th, and Nb analyses from over 1500 samples collected from 64 drill holes (color codes in figure) exhibit remarkably little variation in the concentration of these elements with geographic position or depth within the laccolith. Importance: Uniform mineralization grades help insure against the mining production surprises often associated with vein deposits and heterogeneous open pit deposits. At Round Top, mine feedstock can be relatively constant over the life of the mine (multiple decades), so the mechanical mining process can be optimized early on and not need expensive alterations later. Likewise, the chemical and physical parameters of the heap leach can be perfected. The sensitive and expensive process of extraction of elements and element groups from the pregnant leach solution and purification also can be optimized. Origin: The remarkable homogeneity of the YHREE distribution

Application of natural analogues in the Yucca Mountain project - overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simmons, Ardyth M.

2003-01-01

The Natural Analogue Synthesis Report (NASR) [1] provides a compilation of information from analogues that test, corroborate, and add confidence to process models and model predictions pertinent to total system performance assessment (TSPA). The report updated previous work [2] with new literature examples and results of quantitative studies conducted by the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP). The intent of the natural analogue studies was to collect corroborative evidence from analogues to demonstrate greater understanding of processes expected to occur during postclosure of a proposed Yucca Mountain repository. Natural analogues, as used here, refer to either natural or anthropogenic systems in which processes similar to those expected to occur in a nuclear waste repository are thought to have occurred over long time periods (decades to millenia) and large spatial scales (up to tens of kilometers). In the past, the YMP has used analogues for testing and building confidence in conceptual and numerical process models in a number of ways. Yucca Mountain mineral alteration phases provided a self-analogue for postclosure alteration [3]. Thermodynamic parameters for silica minerals of the Wairakai, New Zealand geothermal field were added to databases used in geochemical modeling [4]. Scoping calculations of radionuclide transport using the Yucca Mountain TSPA numerical model were conducted for the Peqa Blanca site [5]. Eruption parameters from the Cerro Negro volcano, Nicaragua, were used to verify codes that model ash plume dispersion [6]. Analogues have also been used in supplemental science and performance analyses to provide multiple lines of evidence in support of both analyses and model reports (AMRs) [7]; in screening arguments for inclusion or exclusion of features, events, and processes (FEP)s in TSPAs; in the quantification of uncertainties [7]; in expert elicitations of volcanic and seismic hazards [8, 9] and in peer reviews [10]. Natural analogues may be applied

Influencia de la turbidez en el efecto antimicrobiano de la luz ultravioleta y de los pulsos luminosos de luz blanca en néctar de naranja (citrus sinensis

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Meregildo Silva Ramirez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo determinar la influencia del nivel de turbidez en el efecto antimicrobiano de la luz ultravioleta y luz blanca en néctar de naranja (Citrus sinensis L.. Dicha investigación fue realizada en una cámara de tratamiento de luz UVC con paredes de espejo y una lámpara de luz ultravioleta de 15 watts. El néctar, sometido a un proceso de pasteurización (90 °C, 10 minutos, se inoculó con levadura liofilizada (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cepa MIT L51, hasta concentraciones de 1.0; 0.1 y 0.01 % (p/p y se determinó la turbidez de las diluciones, reportando valores de turbidez de 10564, 1304 y 813 UTN respectivamente. Las muestras fueron expuestas a tres diferentes dosis, 0.57; 1.14 y 1.71 J/cm2, tomando una muestra testigo denominada “0” minutos, para efectos de análisis inicial de microorganismos. Posteriormente a la aplicación del tratamiento se realizó el recuento en placas, en medio agar Sabouraud. Obtenidos los datos en la lectura de las colonias resultantes se determinó la tasa de supervivencia en cada tratamiento y el valor de la constante de reducción decimal “D” en J/cm2. Dichos datos mostraron que la turbidez, debido a los sólidos disueltos, influencia adversamente la actividad antimicrobiana de la luz UVC. Se concluye que la actividad antimicrobiana expresada en términos de la constante de reducción decimal “D”, bajo las condiciones de tratamiento en el néctar de naranja, depende directamente de la turbidez e indirectamente del la energía total transmitida.

A study about the possible mining and benefit of the uranium ores of the ''Las Margaritas'' deposit, in Sierra de Pena Blanca, municipality of Villa Aldama, State of Chihuahua, Mexico

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herrera, M.E.

1976-01-01

Considering all the characteristics of the deposit as well as its location in relation to the others, the necessary personnel, the extraction yield the structural conditions, etc. we can say that an advisable method of exploitation is the open pit method because in that way we can resolve a great number of problems, principally the high radiation to which the personnel would be exposed in a subterraneous work. The deposit reserves are 1,221,868 tons of ore with an average of 880 grams of U 3 O 8 per ton. During the exploitation at open pit 1,147,025 tons will be extracted and through subterraneous work other 50,406 tons will be recuperated. The exploitation will cost $84.00 Mexican currency per ton. According to the experimental studies about the mineral which will be treated it has been concluded that the conventional acid leaching is the appropriate treatment to be followed since the recoveries were of 88 to 95%. However, it is suggested to make more studies about the metallurgical aspect and industrial engineering studies in order to lower costs, since these are theoretical and can be improved in the practice. (author)

Cenizas del tamo de arroz como substituto del feldespato en la fabricación de cerámica blanca

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Amigó B, Vicente

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The substitution of raw materials for processing high energy consumption materials by agricultural and agro-industrial wastes causes a positive impacts on the environment preservation. One of these residues is rice straw, which according to FAO estimation, its annual production is about 600 million tons. In this research was studied the use of rice straw ash (RSA as substitute of the use of feldspar in the whiteware production. Clay-feldspar-quartz porcelains are referred to as triaxial whiteware. Specimens of semidry triaxial mixtures, where feldspar was substituted for different percentages of CTA, were prepared by uniaxial pressing, followed by drying and sintering. Physical and mechanical properties of sintered bodies were evaluated. The porosity and the compressive strength of the fired pieces do increase with additions of up to 75% of CTA in substitution of feldspar. Their mineralogical phases were determined by DRX and SEM; grains of quartz, and needles of primary and secondary mullite were identified in a vitreous phase. It was concluded that feldspar can be substituted positively by CTA in whiteware pastes.

La sustitución de materias primas para procesamiento de materiales -de alto consumo energético- por residuos agrícolas y agroindustriales impacta positivamente el medio ambiente. Uno de estos residuos es la paja o tamo de arroz, del cual la FAO estima que su disponibilidad mundial ronda los 600 millones de toneladas por año. En éste artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación sobre la utilización de una ceniza de tamo o paja de arroz (CTA como substituto del feldespato en la fabricación de cerámica blanca de tipo triaxial. Se prepararon mezclas donde la ceniza sustituyó al feldespato en volúmenes distintos. Especímenes de las pastas obtenidas fueron moldeados, secados, y cocidos. Se evaluaron las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de las cerámicas cocidas. La porosidad y la resistencia a la compresi

Por um sonho de liberdade: o surgimento das massas, as reformas urbanas e a crise no pensamento cientifico entre os séculos = For a dram of freedom: the emergence of the masses, urban reform and the crisis in scientific thought, between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries

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Ramos, Helmano de Andrade

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo é elaborar uma abordagem histórica sobre a formação das ideias punitivas europeias e da sua institucionalização legislativa, que sob forma de instituições totais, amalgamam as recepções penais em termos nacionais, destacando suas identidades, através da própria formação dos saberes; jornalistas, advogados, médicos, psiquiatras e sanitaristas, mas que fundamentalmente marcam sua reprodução na contemporaneidade como profissões próprias do Século XVIII e formatadas para o aproveitamento do indivíduo, acessando com isso suas formas de resistências, contidas desde as parcialidades disciplinares, até as culturas designadas como penas religiosas, surgidas antes das penas criminais

Caracterización mediante microsatélites de 34 accesiones de naranja Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck del Banco de Germoplasma de Corpoica-Palmira

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Yacenia Morillo Coronado

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se utilizaron 19 marcadores microsatélites para caracterizar 34 accesiones de naranja Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck del Banco de Germoplasma de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica-Palmira. Seis marcadores fueron polimórficos, los de mayor heterocigosidad fueron CCSM- 19 (0.4097 y CCSM-3 (0.3254. Se diferenciaron 33 accesiones y al 85% de similitud, con el índice de Nei-Li y el método de agrupamiento UPGMA, se conformaron cuatro grupos. En el primero se situaron dos accesiones blancas (Lerma y Valencia Olinda 2, en el segundo la mayoría de las blancas (Indian River, Valencia Olinda, Wialua, Lima Dulce, Pera del Río, St. Michael, Enterprise, Cafetera No. 1 junto con García Valencia y Navel (Lane Late, Valle Washington, New Hall y dos sanguinas (Rudy Blood, Moro Blood, en el tercero accesiones blancas (Joppa, Salerma, Cuban Queen, Rico, Galicia, Star Calyx, Valencia Cutter, Valencia Frost, Valencia Campbell y Valencia Variegado y una sola accesión sanguina (Morocco Blood. En el cuarto grupo se situaron dos accesiones blancas, (Jaffa y Valencia 1-D-E. Finalmente, la variedad Sanguinella no hizo parte de grupos. Con los marcadores microsatélites no se encontró relación entre los grupos genéticos, formación y las características morfológicas del grupo.

Caracterización mediante microsatélites de 34 accesiones de naranja Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck del Banco de Germoplasma de Corpoica-Palmira

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Morillo Coronado Yacenia

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Se utilizaron 19 marcadores microsatélites para caracterizar 34 accesiones de naranja Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck del Banco de Germoplasma de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica-Palmira. Seis marcadores fueron polimórficos, los de mayor heterocigosidad fueron CCSM- 19 (0.4097 y CCSM-3 (0.3254. Se diferenciaron 33 accesiones y al 85% de similitud, con el índice de Nei-Li y el método de agrupamiento UPGMA, se conformaron cuatro grupos. En el primero se situaron dos accesiones blancas (Lerma y Valencia Olinda 2, en el segundo la mayoría de las blancas (Indian River, Valencia Olinda, Wialua, Lima Dulce, Pera del Río, St. Michael, Enterprise, Cafetera No. 1 junto con García Valencia y Navel (Lane Late, Valle Washington, New Hall y dos sanguinas (Rudy Blood, Moro Blood, en el tercero accesiones blancas (Joppa, Salerma, Cuban Queen, Rico, Galicia, Star Calyx, Valencia Cutter, Valencia Frost, Valencia Campbell y Valencia Variegado y una sola accesión sanguina (Morocco Blood. En el cuarto grupo se situaron dos accesiones blancas, (Jaffa y Valencia 1-D-E. Finalmente, la variedad Sanguinella no hizo parte de grupos. Con los marcadores microsatélites no se encontró relación entre los grupos genéticos, formación y las características morfológicas del grupo.

Epistemología de la pena

OpenAIRE

Sáenz Loayza, Carlos Manuel

2014-01-01

Negamos la posibilidad de que la reincidencia se basa en una culpabilidad por el carácter, sino, más bien, en un juicio de reproche estrictamente personal que se manifiesta, concretamente, en la reiterada conducta del hombre en cometer hechos de igual naturaleza, pese haber sido ya amonestado o sancionado por la justicia a razón a un hecho punible cometido con anterioridad. Reincidencia es la ejecución de uno o más delitos por un sujeto después de haber sido condenado por sentencia firme por ...

Durabilidad natural y descripción anatómica de la madera de la especie Caryodaphnopsis cogolloi Van der Werf

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César Polanco Tapia

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó la descripción anatómica de la madera de la especie Caryodaphnopsis cogolloi van der Werff., describiendo las principales características xilológicas de la especie, identificadas en los planos transversal y longitudinal (tangencial y radial de la madera. Además, se determinó la durabilidad natural de la especie Caryodaphnopsis cogolloi Van der Werff mediante el ensayo acelerado de laboratorio, utilizando las metodologías soil block, establecida por la norma NTC 1127, y agar block, establecida por la norma EN 350-1, y los hongos de pudrición Trametes versicolor y Gloeophyllum trabeum. La durabilidad fue determinada mediante pérdida de peso y estudio de las características de degradación de los hongos durante cuatro meses de incubación en la madera, estudiando cada mes el mecanismo de colonización, el desarrollo de los hongos y sus características de crecimiento, así como sus efectos sobre la pared celular. Al finalizar el periodo de exposición se determinó que la madera es muy resistente tanto al ataque del hongo de pudrición blanca como al de pudrición marrón, reportando pérdidas de peso promedio en soil block de 5.1 % para el primer hongo y 6.1 % para el segundo, y de 5.9 % para los dos hongos en agar block. Los patrones de degradación de los hongos en la madera mostraron que T. versicolor erosionó la pared celular y generó el ensanchamiento de las punteaduras en algunas células, mientras que G. trabeum produjo la disminución del espesor de las paredes celulares en pocas células. Este estudio se reporta como el primero en durabilidad natural para la especie C. cogolloi.

Evaluación del tiempo de evacuación gástrica de la cachama blanca Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818, utilizando diferentes frecuencias de alimentación y ayuno

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José Ader Gómez-Peñaranda

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudio estima el tiempo de vaciado del estómago de la cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus en el día de comienzo regular de alimentación posterior a un periodo de ayuno. Para el efecto, se recolectaron muestras de contenido estomacal en periodos de dos horas después del suministro de alimento (9:30 y 15:30 h hasta el primer indicio de vaciado. Se utilizaron cachamas con un peso de 360 ± 12 g dispuestas en cuatro tratamientos: (1 T1 = alimentación a saciedad durante 5 días y ayuno de 2 días, (2 T2 = alimentación a saciedad durante 6 días y ayuno de 1 día, (3 T3 = alimentación a saciedad durante 7 días, y (4 TC = alimentación siguiendo las tablas recomendadas por el fabricante del alimento. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante ANOVA de medidas repetidas, empleando como factores el tratamiento y el tiempo de vaciado, siendo cada repetición la unidad experimental. Las cachamas del tratamiento T1 presentaron mayor cantidad de alimento en el estómago en los muestreos posteriores al suministro de la primera y segunda ración. A diferencia del tratamiento T1, en los demás las cachamas vaciaron su contenido en el estómago en el periodo comprendido entre la primera y la segunda ración de alimentación y en el periodo posterior a la segunda ración. Por tanto, cuando el contenido estomacal fue mayor, debido a un mayor consumo de alimento en la ración, como en el caso del tratamiento (T1, el tiempo necesario para vaciar el estómago de las cachamas se incrementó.

Oliver Stone tegi 11. septembrist psühhoteraapilise linateose / Neeme Raud

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Raud, Neeme, 1969-

2006-01-01

9. augustil esilinastus katastroofifilm "World Trade Center" : stsenarist Andrea Berloff : režissöör Oliver Stone : kunstnik Jan Roelfs : osades Nicholas Cage, Michael Pena, Stephen Dorff jpt : Ameerika Ühendriigid 2006

Aislamiento e identificación de hongos asociados a esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum, causante de la pudrición blanca de la cebolla, en la zona alta de Cartago, Costa Rica

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María del Milagro Granados

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Se aislaron e identificaron hongos asociados a esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum, causante de la pudrición blanca de la cebolla, con el fin de determinar la existencia de hongos con potencial antagónico nativos en la zona alta de Cartago. Se estudiaron 10 fincas durante febrero-mayo de 2002. Cada una se dividió en 3 áreas de acuerdo al nivel de incidencia histórica de la enfermedad (bajo, intermedio, alto. En cada área se realizó un trampeo de hongos mediante la técnica de entierro de esclerocios; además se hizo muestreo de plantas enfermas, se colectó suelo para cuantificar densidad de inóculo y para realizar análisis microbiológicos, químico sencillo, de textura y determinación de materia orgánica. Los géneros encontrados en el trampeo fueron Alternaria spp., Fusarium spp., Gliocladium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium spp., Rhizoctonia sp., Rhizopus sp. y Trichoderma spp.; en bulbos enfermos se aislaron Fusarium spp., Monilia sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium spp., Pythium sp., Rhizopus sp., y Trichoderma spp. Los géneros Gliocladium sp., Penicillium spp. y Trichoderma spp. también se hallaron en el análisis microbiológico de suelo. Las poblaciones más altas de microorganismos se recuperaron en el área intermedia de todas las fincas. Este trabajo comprueba que es posible aislar hongos con potencial antagónico, como Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium sp. y Paecilomyces sp., en suelos a los que por muchos años se les ha aplicado una gran cantidad de fungicidas.

Plumas como enfeites da moda Feathers in fashion

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Helmut Schindler

2001-01-01

Full Text Available O texto aborda a presença da plumária na moda feminina do século XIX. No Brasil, houve produção de enfeites com penas, que não provinha dos índios. Havia manufaturas que forneciam mercadorias para as lojas da capital. Com base nos relatos de viajantes que passaram pelo Brasil no século XIX, e no material depositado no Museu Estatal de Etnologia de Munique, o autor enfatiza as manufaturas existentes no Brasil e a captura indiscriminada de determinadas espécies de aves para atender a demanda da sociedade da época. Desde o século passado, as aves de penas mais bonitas passam a rarear, o que começa a ser acompanhado pela preocupação com o controle da caça.The article focus on the presence of plumage in the 19th century fashion. In Brazil, the feathers for the production of feather pieces were not necessarily supplied by Indians. There were manufacturers that supplied the stores in the country's capital with these pieces. Based on travelers' reports on nineteenth-century Brazil as well as on material from the State Museum of Ethnology in Munich, the author emphasizes the indiscriminate capture of some species of birds in order to face the demand of society at the time. In the 19th century, the most beautifully-feathered birds progressively began to become rare, which naturally brought forth the concern with uncontrolled bird capture.

Broiler surface temperature distribution of 42 day old chickens Distribuição da temperatura superficial de frangos de corte com 42 dias de idade

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Irenilza de Alencar Nääs

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Broiler chickens in Brazil are generally reared from 1 to 42 days when they are exposed to procedures such as fasting, harvesting, crating and transport to slaughter. Maintaining homeostasis is of great importance for broiler survival under harsh environment especially prior to slaughter. Heat loss varies in the distinct parts of the body during the growth period, and it is related to the air temperature of the environment and to the amount of feather covering. This research aimed to study the surface temperature distribution using infrared thermographic image processing to characterize 42 day old broiler chicken surface temperature prior to slaughter. Broilers were reared for 42 days and prior to harvest and transport to slaughter the infrared surface temperature was recorded along the day. Data from the thermograms taken in feather and featherless regions were compared during the 42nd day of growth. High correlation between featherless regions and air temperature was found showing that these areas respond fast to changes in the rearing environment. Two functions were developed for predicting both surface temperature for featherless and feather covered areas of the broiler body parts.No Brasil frangos de corte são normalmente alojados de 1 até 42 dias, quando são expostos a procedimentos como: jejum, apanha, colocação em caixas e transporte até o abate. Manter a homeostase do corpo é de grande importância para a sobrevivência de frangos de corte sob ambiente quente, especialmente na 7ª semana de crescimento. A perda de calor varia nas partes do corpo e está relacionada à temperatura do ar e à cobertura de penas. Avaliou-se a distribuição da temperatura superficial usando o processamento de imagens de câmera termográfica infravermelho, para caracterizar a temperatura superficial de frangos de corte de 42 dias de idade, no período anterior à apanha para o abate. Os frangos foram alojados de 1 a 42 dias e, antes de serem

Migration behavior of naturally occurring radionuclides at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Chihuahua, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Prikryl, James D.; Pickett, David A.; Murphy, William M.; Pearcy, English C.

1997-04-01

Oxidation of pyrite at the Nopal I uranium deposit, Peña Blanca district, Chihuahua, Mexico has resulted in the formation of Fe-oxides/hydroxides. Anomalous U concentrations (i.e. several hundred to several thousand ppm) measured in goethite, hematite, and amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides in a major fracture that crosscuts the deposit and the absence of U minerals in the fracture suggest that U was retained during secondary mineral growth or sorbed on mineral surfaces. Mobilization and transport of U away from the deposit is suggested by decreasing U concentrations in fracture-infilling materials and in goethite and hematite with distance from the deposit. Greater than unity {234U}/{238U} activity ratios measured in fracture-infilling materials indicate relatively recent ( < 1 Ma) U uptake from fluids that carried excess 234U. Systematic decreases in {234U}/{238U} activity ratios of fracture materials with distance from the deposit suggest a multistage mobilization process, such as remobilization of U from 234U-enriched infill minerals or differential or diminished transport of U-bearing solutions containing excess 234U.

Aplicación clínica de las imágenes de resonancia potenciadas en difusión y tractografía en un niño con holoprosencefalia

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Blair Ortiz

2011-03-01

Presentamos un paciente con holoprosencefalia semilobar en quien la imagen potenciada en difusión y la tractografía demostró falla de la inducción ventral del prosencéfalo y fusión anormal de varios fascículos de la sustancia blanca en el cerebro y en el tallo encefálico. De esta forma, las anormalidades de los fascículos de la sustancia blanca en casos de holoprosencefalia se pueden identificar por medio de las imágenes potenciadas en difusión y tractografía fasciculografía.

World Trade Center

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Esilinastus katastroofifilm "World Trade Center" : stsenarist Andrea Berloff : režissöör Oliver Stone : kunstnik Jan Roelfs : osades Nicholas Cage, Michael Pena, Stephen Dorff jpt : Ameerika Ühendriigid 2006. Ka filmi prototüüpidest

La inimputabilidad y el tratamiento del disminuido psíquico en el proceso penal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Manuel Rojas Salas

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La Constitución Política colombiana proscribe cualquier tipo de responsabilidad objetiva; en consecuencia, es necesario que la persona a la que se sancione con una pena haya actuado con culpabilidad, cosa que no sucede con los inimputables, personas que no pueden comprender la ilicitud de su conducta o determinarse de acuerdo con dicha comprensión, por lo que el Código Penal establece dos regímenes diferenciados de responsabilidad penal: uno para imputables y otro para inimputables, para quienes no se prevén penas sino medidas de seguridad. Por el contrario, la Ley 906 de 2004 no contempla un tratamiento jurídico diferenciado para quienes no tienen la capacidad de comprender o decidir voluntariamente sobre sus derechos en el proceso penal, por lo que se propone un nuevo enfoque al respecto.

Energy Systems Integration Partnerships: NREL + Panasonic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berdahl, Sonja E [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

2017-08-09

In collaboration with Panasonic Enterprise Solutions Company, Xcel Energy, land developer L.C. Fulenwider, and the City and County of Denver, NREL is developing a zero-energy transit-oriented campus at the Denver International Airport's Pena Station.

Terrorirünnak filmis "World Trade Center" / Andris Feldmanis

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Feldmanis, Andris, 1982-

2006-01-01

9. augustil esilinastus katastroofifilm "World Trade Center" : stsenarist Andrea Berloff : režissöör Oliver Stone : kunstnik Jan Roelfs : osades Nicholas Cage, Michael Pena, Stephen Dorff jpt : Ameerika Ühendriigid 2006. Ka filmi prototüüpidest

Brain MRI lesions in neuromyelitis optica: clinical case; Lesiones cerebrales de resonancia magnetica en neuromielitis optica: caso clinico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosales Bravo, Luis Guillermo; Heyden Cordero, Marvin; Chinchilla Weinstok, Dennis; Mendelewicz Goldwaig, Isaias, E-mail: neurologia.cima@gmail.com [Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, Hospital Mexico, Div. de Neurologia, San Jose (Costa Rica)

2011-10-15

Many cases of patients with neuromyelitis optica have submitted without demyelinating lesions in the cerebral white matter, it has documented that this entity can cause from the onset of illness or through its natural evolution. Diagnostic methods currently as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and specific antibodies in plasma (such as antiaquaporin-4) have been diagnosed of neuromyelitis optica cases that were initially confused with multiple sclerosis. Disease in Costa Rica has been little prevalent and is not exactly known what the prevalence and incidence. The degree of disorder is illustrated through a case study, both in the cerebral white matter as spinal cord, in a patient with neuromyelitis optica during a follow-up period of 4 years. This is the first case that has been reported in the scientific literature of Costa Rica. (author) [Spanish] Muchos casos de pacientes con neuromielitis optica se han presentado sin lesiones desmielinizantes en la sustancia blanca cerebral, se ha documentado que esta entidad puede causarlas desde el inicio de la enfermedad o a traves de su evolucion natural. Los metodos de diagnostico en la actualidad como la Imagen por Resonancia Magnetica (IRM) y la determinacion de anticuerpos especificos en plasma (como la antiaquaporina-4) han logrado diagnosticar algunos casos de neuromielitis optica que inicialmente fueron confundidos con esclerosis multiple. La enfermedad en Costa Rica ha sido poco prevalente y no se ha conocido con exactitud cual es la prevalencia e incidencia. El grado de afeccion ha sido ilustrado a traves de un caso clinico, tanto en la sustancia blanca cerebral como espinal, en un paciente con neuromielitis optica durante un periodo de seguimiento de 4 anos. Este es el primer caso que ha sido reportado en la literatura cientifica de Costa Rica. (autor)

L'ESILIO E LA FRONTIERA NELL'ITALIANITÀ LETTERARIA

African Journals Online (AJOL)

User

idea of state and/or political entity. “Mi sento in esilio in ... era una pena che comportava l'allontanamento permanente o temporaneo del condannato dalla ..... in fuga dall'Istria e dalla Dalmazia) e portare avanti la causa del socialismo reale.

Son los latinos estadounidenses?

OpenAIRE

Aguirre, Mariano

2009-01-01

En el año 2050 la población blanca no latina de Estados Unidos sumará el 46% del total de los ciudadanos de ese país. Para entonces, la población latina, negra y asiática combinada representará el 54%. En ese horizonte que predicen los cálculos oficiales, los latinos habrán crecido en un 15%, pasando de los 47 millones que viven ahora EEUU a 133 millones. Mientras que los latinos y los asiáticos (de 16 millones a 41 millones para entonces) no pararán de crecer, las poblaciones blanca y negra ...

De las andanzas de una poeta con mirada de pintor

OpenAIRE

Suarez, Modesta

2007-01-01

Referirse a la poesía de Blanca Varela supone, a la vez que un acercamiento a una de las poetas latinoamericanas más personales de esta segunda mitad del siglo XX, adentrarnos en una generación, si no un grupo de poetas y creadores peruanos que han marcado el siglo. Pero, con razón, puede apuntarse la discreción que siempre marcó la publicación de sus poemarios, hasta los años 80:Blanca Varela, como Westphalen y Moro, está entre estos poetas que los lectores esperan muchos años después de esc...

Estudio del comportamiento de los recargues multicapas de depósitos soldados de fundición blanca al cromo // Study of the hard facing weld behavior in deposits of white chromium steels.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

R. Collazo-Carceller

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Se determina la influencia de los parámetros Energía introducida (Hi, Número de capas (Nc yAncho del depósito (Ad, en la morfología y el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo decapas depositadas sobre acero 1020 utilizando el electrodo de fundición blanca al cromo UTPLedurit – 61. Empleando la microscopia óptica se identificaron y cuantificaron las fases presentes,analizando su efecto en el desgaste. Siendo determinante la influencia de la inclinación de lasdendritas y su posición con respecto a 90° en el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste abrasivo.Se caracterizaron los posibles mecanismos de daño superficial provocado por desgaste abrasivoempleando la microscopia electrónica de barrido. Se propusieron modelos lineales paracorrelacionar la influencia de la cantidad, tamaño, dispersión de los carburos y el ángulo deinclinación de las dendritas, en el incremento de la resistencia al desgaste.Palabras claves: morfología, desgaste abrasivo, parámetros de soldadura, dendritas, modelos.__________________________________________________________________________AbstractThe influence of different parameters in layer morphology and abrasion resistance of Fe-Cr-Celectrodes UTP Ledurit – 61 on steel 1020 was studied. Introduced Energy (Hi, Number of Layers(Nc, and Deposit Width (Ad were the main parameters considered. The metallographicidentification and quantification of metal phases and the determination of their effect in abrasionresistance were made with optical microscopy. The abrasive wear test characterized by scanningelectron microscopy, defines a possible mechanism of surface damage. It was found that the angleformed between a normal line to the surface and the dendrite inclination is directly related withthe increment of wear resistance. Lineal models that correlate wear resistance with quantity, size,and carbide dispersion and dendrite angle inclination were also developed.Key words: morphology, abrasive

Meditaciones postmodernas sobre el castigo: acerca de los límites de la razón y de las virtudes de la aleatoriedad (una polémica y un manifiesto para el siglo XXI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard E. Harcourt

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Durante la Modernidad, el discurso sobre la pena ha girado circularmente en torno a tres grupos de interrogantes. El primero, surgido de la propia Ilustración, preguntaba: ¿En qué basa el soberano su derecho de penar? Nietzsche con mayor determinación, pero también otros, argumentaron que la propia pregunta implicaba ya su respuesta. Con el nacimiento de las ciencias sociales, este escepticismo hizo surgir un segundo conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Cuál es, entonces, la verdadera función de la pena? ¿Qué es lo que hacemos cuando penamos? Una serie de críticas ulteriores –de metanarrativas, funcionalistas o de objetividad científica- debilitaron esta segunda línea de indagación, y contribuyeron a dar forma a un tercer conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Qué nos cuenta la pena de nosotros mismos y de nuestra cultura? ¿Qué está sucediendo que nos permita ver lo que se halla tras el giro cultural? ¿Qué interrogantes podemos –nosotros, hijos del Siglo XXI– formular en relación con nuestras prácticas e instituciones punitivas? Este ensayo argumenta que debemos abandonar el desorientado proyecto de la modernidad, reconocer de una vez y definitivamente los límites de la razón, y orientarnos hacia la aleatoriedad y el azar. En todos los textos modernos llegó siempre un momento en el que los hechos empíricos se agotaron y las deducciones de principio alcanzaron su límite –o ambas situaciones a la vez– y el razonamiento simplemente continuó. Más que continuar asumiendo estas profesiones de fe, el presente ensayo argumenta que debemos reconocer los límites críticos de la razón y, cada vez que los alcancemos, confiar en la aleatoriedad. Donde los hechos se agotan, donde nuestros principios ya no nos guían, debemos dejar la toma de decisión al lanzamiento de moneda, a los dados, a la lotería –en suma, al azar. Este ensayo comienza a explorar lo que ello pueda significar en el ámbito del delito y de la pena.

Meditaciones postmodernas sobre el castigo: acerca de los límites de la razón y de las virtudes de la aleatoriedad (una polémica y un manifiesto para el siglo XXI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernard E. Harcourt

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Durante la Modernidad, el discurso sobre la pena ha girado circularmente en torno a tres grupos de interrogantes. El primero, surgido de la propia Ilustración, preguntaba: ¿En qué basa el soberano su derecho de penar? Nietzsche con mayor determinación, pero también otros, argumentaron que la propia pregunta implicaba ya su respuesta. Con el nacimiento de las ciencias sociales, este escepticismo hizo surgir un segundo conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Cuál es, entonces, la verdadera función de la pena? ¿Qué es lo que hacemos cuando penamos? Una serie de críticas ulteriores –de metanarrativas, funcionalistas o de objetividad científica- debilitaron esta segunda línea de indagación, y contribuyeron a dar forma a un tercer conjunto de interrogantes: ¿Qué nos cuenta la pena de nosotros mismos y de nuestra cultura? ¿Qué está sucediendo que nos permita ver lo que se halla tras el giro cultural? ¿Qué interrogantes podemos –nosotros, hijos del Siglo XXI– formular en relación con nuestras prácticas e instituciones punitivas? Este ensayo argumenta que debemos abandonar el desorientado proyecto de la modernidad, reconocer de una vez y definitivamente los límites de la razón, y orientarnos hacia la aleatoriedad y el azar. En todos los textos modernos llegó siempre un momento en el que los hechos empíricos se agotaron y las deducciones de principio alcanzaron su límite –o ambas situaciones a la vez– y el razonamiento simplemente continuó. Más que continuar asumiendo estas profesiones de fe, el presente ensayo argumenta que debemos reconocer los límites críticos de la razón y, cada vez que los alcancemos, confiar en la aleatoriedad. Donde los hechos se agotan, donde nuestros principios ya no nos guían, debemos dejar la toma de decisión al lanzamiento de moneda, a los dados, a la lotería –en suma, al azar. Este ensayo comienza a explorar lo que ello pueda significar en el ámbito del delito y de la pena.

Aukonsulid loovutavad Eestile oma aega ja raha / Agnes Kuus, Madis Filippov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kuus, Agnes

2008-01-01

Eestil on 50 riigis 104 aukonsulit, neist 73 on Eestis visiidil. Lähemalt aukonsulitest: Aukonsul Rotterdamis Jan Brouwer; Aukonsul Sao Paulos Jüri Saukas; Aukonsul Filipiinidel Fernando Martin O. Pena; Aukonsul Sydneys Malle Tohver Tinni. Lisa: Grupipilt Eestit külastanud aukonsulitest

Callosobruchus chinensis L

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Gemechu Keneni Wakeyo

2006). Ethiopia, with a total area of 194981 ha and a productivity of 1.19 tons per hectare, contributes 46% of the total ... al., 2006; Chen et al., 2007; Somta et al., 2006, 2007,. 2008). ...... Banzinger, M., Mickelson, H.R. and Pena-Valdivia,.

La pena de muerte en el Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Langón Cuñarro

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Este texto contiene lo esencial de la Conferencia Magistral dictada por el autor en la Sala del Consejo de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de la República, en el Seminario Permanente de Educación en Derechos Humanos en coordinación con la Cátedra UNESCO de DD.HH. de México, el dia 28 de junio de 1999. 

Individualização judicial da pena

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Anderson Lodetti de

2003-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar o artigo 59 do Código Penal a partir do método garantista-crítico. Para tanto, parte da construção do garantismo crítico, como método dogmático fruto de uma opção declarada pela redução da violência punitiva. Unindo o garantismo de FERRAJOLI e os avanços teóricos das ciências sociais a respeito do sistema penal, o gara...

Utilización de imágenes satelitales para el estudio de la distribución térmica en distintas coberturas del suelo de la ciudad de Bahía Blanca (Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Ferrelli

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio del clima urbano es relevante para conocer el ambiente donde habita la mayor parte de la población. Las ciudades presentan sectores que incluyen estructuras edilicias, espacios verdes, suelos al descubierto, tránsito vehicular, necesidades calóricas de la ciudad y diferentes coberturas de sombras. Actualmente, el cambio climático y sus efectos sobre las ciudades son temas de gran interés científico. Son escasas las investigaciones que interpretan los cambios térmicos que se producen en el interior de las ciudades debido a la densificación de los edificios y como consecuencia de la variabilidad climática. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el comportamiento de la Temperatura de Superficie Terrestre (TST y su relación con las distintas coberturas del suelo en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Para ello, se analizaron imágenes satelitales Landsat 5 TM y 7 ETM+ con el método monocanal. Además, se realizó un mapa de coberturas del suelo mediante interpretación visual de imágenes satelitales validado por intervención empírica. Posteriormente, se relacionaron los datos de TST con las coberturas del suelo. En el centro de la ciudad, la TST presentó variaciones espaciales heterogéneas según las estaciones del año y las sombras generadas por los edificios. Los mayores valores de TST se localizaron en la periferia (45,1°C y en urbano muy disperso (46°C y el menor en el centro de la ciudad (2°C. Las distintas coberturas del suelo generaron menores fluctuaciones de TST en invierno (>5°C y las mayores en verano (entre 15 y 25°C.

Surgical perspectives on inflammatory bowel disease

African Journals Online (AJOL)

VikasC

Xia B, Crusius JBA, Meuwissen SGM, Pena AS. Inflammatory bowel disease: Definition, epidemiology, etiologic aspects, and immunologic studies. World J. Gastroentero 1998;4:44658. 2. Fry DR, Mahmood N, Maron DJ, Ross HM, Rombeau. J. Inflammatory bowel disease in Towsend: Sabiston. Textbook of Surgery.

77 FR 68748 - Intent To Prepare a Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Feasibility Report for the Cano...

Science.gov (United States)

2012-11-16

... recreation and tourism, with minimal temporary negative impact on the ecosystem and the adjacent communities... Environmental Impact Statement and Feasibility Report for the Cano Martin Pena Ecosystem Restoration, San Juan... Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) and Feasibility Report (FR) for the ecosystem restoration of the Cano...

Ocean Circulation and Dynamics on the West Antarctic Peninsula Continental Shelf

Science.gov (United States)

2007-09-01

Pena-Molino, Stephanie Waterman, Ted Durland, Leif Tomas, Irene Garcia, Fiamma Straneo, Luc Rainville, Mary-Louise 6 Timmermans, Malcolm Scully, Dave...R., Atkinson, A., Korb, A., Whitehouse, M., Ward, P., Rodhouse, P., Enderlein, P., Hirst, A., Martin, A., Hill, S., Staniland, I., Pond, D., Briggs

Niñez en riesgo, conceptualizaciones cotidianas y acciones políticas en Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Belén Noceti

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La Universidad Nacional del Sur y el Municipio de Bahía Blanca desarrollan un proyecto de investigación denominado ¿La construcción del campo de la niñez en riesgo en el ámbito de políticas públicas en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca¿. El objetivo es caracterizar cómo se construye la niñez en riesgo en Bahía Blanca en contextos de ejecución de políticas públicas en instituciones estatales de salud y educación. Presentaremos aquí resultados parciales de este proyecto, referentes al ámbito educativo. El concepto de niñez en riesgo se construye en la relación niños-adultos; es atravesado por variables étnicas, culturales-territoriales, y socioeconómicas que se actualizan en prácticas concretas en las relaciones escolares. Se observan estereotipos entre niños y adultos que coadyuvan a la definición de unos y otros. Paradójicamente el discurso y accionar del adulto estigmatiza al niño y éste asume una condición de incapacidad, que retroalimenta sus no accesos, generando trampas de pobreza.

Whitefly species (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae on wild and cultivated plants in the horticultural region of Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo G. GONSEBATT

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las moscas blancas de importancia económica son polífagas y capaces de desarrollarse sobre numerosas plantas cultivadas y espontáneas. Registramos las especies de moscas blancas sobre cultivos hortícolas y de flores, y sobre las plantas silvestres asociadas. Observamos dos especies: Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood y el complejo Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius. T. vaporariorum fue registrada sobre 24 especies de plantas (11 familias, 12 y 8 de las cuales son hospedantes nuevos para Argentina y a nivel mundial, respectivamente. El complejo B. tabaci fue registrado solo en sistemas de producción de flores, sobre 19 especies de plantas (11 familias, 14 y 7 de las cuales son nuevos hospedantes para Argentina y a nivel mundial, respectivamente. Los cultivos Glycine max (L. y Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., las especies silvestres Amaranthus blitum L., Amaranthus quitensis Kunth, Conyza bonariensis (L., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Sonchus oleraceus L. y Wedelia glauca (Ortega O. Hoffm. ex Hicken fueron hospedantes de ambas especies. El único parasitoide registrado fue Eretmocerus californicus cercano a corni Haldeman (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae sobre T. vaporariorum. Este estudio que constituye el primer relevamiento sistemático de plantas hospedantes en la región, aporta un mayor conocimiento sobre el rango de plantas hospedantes de las moscas blancas en Argentina.

Next nature : nature changes along with us

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mensvoort, van K.M.; Grievink, H.J.

2011-01-01

We debate saving nature, we dream about escaping to nature, but rarely do we ask "What is nature?". The Next Nature book radically shifts your notion of nature. Where technology and nature are traditionally seen as opposed, they now appear to merge or even trade places. With our urge to design our

100 Gbps IM/DD links using quad-polarization: Performance, complexity, and power dissipation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Saldaña Cercos, Silvia; Piels, Molly; Estaran Tolosa, Jose Manuel

2015-01-01

A computational complexity, power consumption, and receiver sensitivity analysis for three different scenarios for short-range direct detection links is presented: 1) quad-polarization, 2) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), and 3) parallel optics. Results show that the power consumption pena...... sensitivity of 4.4 dBm...

West Europe Report, No. 2138.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-05-05

Mecanicas Asociadas, headquartered in Madrid. The group includes other members, say workers, such as Mecanica La Pena, Boetticher y Navarro, and...Moreda report that the company is not now linked to any group, because in 1980 Mecanicas Asociadas sold the stock it held. Sources at Mecanicas

Status of the Texas low-level radioactive waste disposal site - construction sequencing and staffing patterns

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jacobi, L.R. Jr.

1996-01-01

The Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Authority, an agency of the State of Texas, has been attempting to develop a site for the disposal of low-level radioactive waste in Texas for more than fourteen years. Since 1991, the agency has been evaluating a site near Sierra Blanca, in far west Texas. Site characterization was completed in 1992, and a license application was filed that year. Construction plans were completed in 1993. In April 1996, the licensing agency, the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, completed its review and proposed to issue a license. The administrative hearings on the proposed license should be completed by July 1997. The Authority is prepared to begin construction and operations as soon as a final license can be issued

Comparison of hyperpronation and supination‑flexion techniques in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2013-07-24

Jul 24, 2013 ... Green DA, Linares YM, Garcia Pena MB, Greenberg M, Baker RL: Randomized comparison of pain perception during radial head subluxation using supination‑ flexion or forced pronation. Pediatr Emerg Care 2006;22:235‑8. 8. McDonald LJ, Whitelaw C, Goldsmith L. Radial head subluxation: Comparing.

Materiales en Marcha para el Esfuerzo Bilingue-Bicultural (Materials on the March for the Promotion of Bilingualism/Biculturalism).

Science.gov (United States)

San Diego City Schools, CA.

This newsletter is designed for use by teachers, counselors, and administrators involved in bilingual-bicultural education programs. The first three articles, by R. Garcia, R. Pena, and R. Wiezell, which are in Spanish, review language textbooks, materials for teaching elementary science, and several Spanish dictionaries. R. Garza discusses the…

Nature and nature values in organic agriculture

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Lene; Noe, Egon; Højring, Katrine

2006-01-01

The relationship between agriculture and nature is a centra issue in the current agricultural debate. Organic farming has ambitions and a special potential in relation to nature. Consideration for nature is part of the guiding principals of organic farming and many organic farmers are committed...... to protecting natural qualities. However, the issue of nature, landscape, and land use is not straightforward. Nature is an ambiguous concept that involves multiple interests and actors reaching far beyond farmers. The Danish research project ......

Seguimiento anual de la parasitosis gastrointestinal de venados cola blanca Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae en cautiverio en Yucatán, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubén C. Montes Pérez

1998-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los géneros y estimar la cantidad de huevecillos y ooquistes de parásitos gastrointestinales (PGI excretados durante un año en heces de venados cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus yucatenensis mantenidos en cautiverio en Yucatán, México. Se recolectaron muestras fecales en tres confinamientos ubicados en la zona centro del estado de Yucatán, de enero a diciembre de 1995. Diez muestras fueron colectadas de cada confinamiento cada dos semanas. Las muestras fueron procesadas mediante la técnica de Flotación Centrifugada y McMaster. Se realizaron cultivos de heces para obtener larvas infectantes L3 mediante la técnica de Corticelli-Lai. Las heces positivas a ooquistes fueron cultivados en dicromato de potasio al 2%. Se determinaron siete géneros (Haemonchus spp, Cooperia spp, Isospora spp, Eimeria spp, Trichuris spp, Strongyloides spp y Moniezia spp correspondientes a cinco órdenes. Haemonchus spp, Isospora spp y Eimeria spp fueron los géneros más frecuentes. El género Isospora se reporta por primera vez en venados de la región, aunque no fue posible explicar el origen de este hallazgo. La frecuencia y nivel de excresión de huevecillos y ooquistes de PGI fue variable durante el año, con incremento en la época de lluvia. Se encontró correlación positiva entre humedad relativa, temperatura ambiente y precipitación pluvial con los órdenes Coccidia y Strongylida. En la zona centro del estado de Yucatán, México, las condiciones meteorológicas en la época de lluvia son propicias para el desarrollo del parasitismo gastrointestinal, lo que permite mayor riesgo de infección en los venados.Gastrointestinal parasites, and egg and oocyst output in the faeces of captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus yucatanensis were recorded in Yucatan, Mexico. Feces were obtained from from January through December 1995 (ten samples every two weeks per place. Samples were processed by

Evaluación del uso de los servicios in situ de las bibliotecas de barrio: un estudio a nivel nacional de usuarios de minorías étnicas y mayorías blancas de bajos ingresos usando instrumentos personales de recogida de datos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christie M. Koontz

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La costumbre de presentar los datos totales sobre el uso de la biblioteca a nivel de todo un sistema bibliotecario (es decir, incluyendo tanto la biblioteca central como las sucursales puede enmascarar las necesidades de los grupos de usua-rios más específicos. Este artículo presenta un estudio que intenta resolver este problema identificando las bibliotecas que sirven a minorías étnicas o a mayorías de raza blanca con bajos ingresos y examinando estas poblaciones para evaluar tipos y niveles de uso. Este estudio es muy importante para la investigación y práctica diaria de las bibliotecas por estas razones: (1 incremento de la diversidad de razas/etnias y lenguas habladas en los Estados Unidos, (2 bajos índices de préstamo agravados por el uso de Internet, (3 la mera existencia de una biblioteca es vital para fomentar el uso por poblaciones sin una tradición bibliotecaria o hábito de lectura y (4 la reciente publicación de la Base de Datos Geográfica de las Bibliotecas Públicas con datos sobre el uso de las bibliotecas y del censo demográfico a nivel de barrios para todos los sistemas bibliotecarios estadou-nidenses. Las metodologías desarrolladas ofrecen posibilidades para la colección de datos importantes para el bibliotecario de hoy día

Two-stage repair of low anorectal malformations in girls: is it truly a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

continence in these children because of wound dehiscence and infection; thus, protective colostomy may still be ... the protective effect on wound healing after anal reconstruction. The aim of this study was to define ... Pena [3] introduced the PSARP for infants and children with ARM. They advocated performing a colostomy ...

Understanding the Role of Social Media on a Student's College Choice Process and the Implications on a University's Enrollment and Marketing Strategies

Science.gov (United States)

Thornton, Kimberly C.

2017-01-01

With decreasing state funds, a sluggish economy, and increased competition, universities are finding new ways to recruit prospective students to their institutions (Campbell, 2013; Sandlin & Pena, 2014). One way to create relationships and recruit prospective students to a university is through the use of social media platforms (Han, 2014;…

Population structure of the burrowing crab Neohelice granulata (Brachyura, Varunidae in a southwestern Atlantic salt marsh

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sabrina Angeletti

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Neohelice granulata inhabits estuarine and protected coastal areas in temperate regions and is the most dominant decapod crustacean in the Bahía Blanca Estuary, Argentina. The population structure was studied during a year in a SW Atlantic salt marsh located in the Bahía Blanca Estuary. Crabs were sampled monthly from August 2010 to July 2011. The maximum observed density was 30 crabs m-2 in February and 70 burrows m-2 in May. The maximum carapace width (CW was 32 and 27.5 mm in males and females respectively. Medium size crabs were between 16 and 20 mm CW. Significantly smaller sized crabs were observed at the lower intertidal regions (P < 0.05. The sex ratio was favorable for males and was significantly different from the expected 1:1 (P < 0.05. The recruitment of unsexed juveniles crabs (CW <6.5 mm was observed throughout the year and the presence of ovigerous females from October to February indicated seasonal reproduction. The average size of ovigerous females was CW = 20.8 mm and the smallest ovigerous female measured was 16 mm CW. For the first time, the population structure of the most important macro-invertebrate is analyzed in the Bahía Blanca Estuary. This study may help to make decisions in the area, where anthropic action is progressing day by day.

Satellite-derived NDVI, LST, and climatic factors driving the distribution and abundance of Anopheles mosquitoes in a former malarious area in northwest Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Dantur Juri, María Julia; Estallo, Elizabet; Almirón, Walter; Santana, Mirta; Sartor, Paolo; Lamfri, Mario; Zaidenberg, Mario

2015-06-01

Distribution and abundance of disease vectors are directly related to climatic conditions and environmental changes. Remote sensing data have been used for monitoring environmental conditions influencing spatial patterns of vector-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and climatic factors (temperature, humidity, wind velocity, and accumulated rainfall) on the distribution and abundance of Anopheles species in northwestern Argentina using Poisson regression analyses. Samples were collected from December, 2001 to December, 2005 at three localities, Aguas Blancas, El Oculto and San Ramón de la Nueva Orán. We collected 11,206 adult Anopheles species, with the major abundance observed at El Oculto (59.11%), followed by Aguas Blancas (22.10%) and San Ramón de la Nueva Orán (18.79%). Anopheles pseudopunctipennis was the most abundant species at El Oculto, Anopheles argyritarsis predominated in Aguas Blancas, and Anopheles strodei in San Ramón de la Nueva Orán. Samples were collected throughout the sampling period, with the highest peaks during the spring seasons. LST and mean temperature appear to be the most important variables determining the distribution patterns and major abundance of An. pseudopunctipennis and An. argyritarsis within malarious areas. © 2015 The Society for Vector Ecology.

The Nature of Natural Hazards Communication (Invited)

Science.gov (United States)

Kontar, Y. Y.

2013-12-01

Some of the many issues of interest to natural hazards professionals include the analysis of proactive approaches to the governance of risk from natural hazards and approaches to broaden the scope of public policies related to the management of risks from natural hazards, as well as including emergency and environmental management, community development and spatial planning related to natural hazards. During the talk we will present results of scientific review, analysis and synthesis, which emphasize same new trends in communication of the natural hazards theories and practices within an up-to-the-minute context of new environmental and climate change issues, new technologies, and a new focus on resiliency. The presentation is divided into five sections that focus on natural hazards communication in terms of education, risk management, public discourse, engaging the public, theoretical perspectives, and new media. It includes results of case studies and best practices. It delves into natural hazards communication theories, including diffusion, argumentation, and constructivism, to name a few. The presentation will provide information about: (1) A manual of natural hazards communication for scientists, policymakers, and media; (2) An up-to-the-minute context of environmental hazards, new technologies & political landscape; (3) A work by natural hazards scientists for geoscientists working with social scientists and communication principles; (4) A work underpinned by key natural hazards communication theories and interspersed with pragmatic solutions; (5) A work that crosses traditional natural hazards boundaries: international, interdisciplinary, theoretical/applied. We will further explore how spatial planning can contribute to risk governance by influencing the occupation of natural hazard-prone areas, and review the central role of emergency management in risk policy. The goal of this presentation is to contribute to the augmentation of the conceptual framework

Regularities, Natural Patterns and Laws of Nature

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Stathis Psillos

2014-02-01

Full Text Available  The goal of this paper is to sketch an empiricist metaphysics of laws of nature. The key idea is that there are regularities without regularity-enforcers. Differently put, there are natural laws without law-makers of a distinct metaphysical kind. This sketch will rely on the concept of a natural pattern and more significantly on the existence of a network of natural patterns in nature. The relation between a regularity and a pattern will be analysed in terms of mereology.  Here is the road map. In section 2, I will briefly discuss the relation between empiricism and metaphysics, aiming to show that an empiricist metaphysics is possible. In section 3, I will offer arguments against stronger metaphysical views of laws. Then, in section 4 I will motivate nomic objectivism. In section 5, I will address the question ‘what is a regularity?’ and will develop a novel answer to it, based on the notion of a natural pattern. In section 6, I will raise the question: ‘what is a law of nature?’, the answer to which will be: a law of nature is a regularity that is characterised by the unity of a natural pattern.

Fish farming of native species in Colombia: current situation and perspectives

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cruz-Casallas, P. E.; Medina-Robles, V. M.; Velasco-Santamaria, Y. M.

2011-01-01

. The Colombian pisciculture is based on red Tilapia Oreochromis sp. (Linnaeus), Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) and cachama blanca Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier), which currently represent around 96% of the total national production. The remaining 4% comes from other farmed species such as bocachico......In Colombia and the rest of the world, the decrease in capture fisheries production has turned the aquaculture into an alternative source of protein for the populations food security as well as an important productive activity, generating employment and income for the rural communities...... Prochilodus magdalenae (Steindachner), carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) and yamu Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz). From the three main fish species, cachama blanca is the only native species, which has shown excellent performance in pond farming due to its rusticity, omnivorous habits, docility, meat quality...

Teknik Arsir dan Proses Menggambar dengan Media Pena

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lintang Widyokusumo

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Pen is one of the tools for an artist or designer in expressing ideas in visual form. Strong character of the pen scratch has a special attraction in the diversity of drawings style. It requires a long process for an artist to find the distinctiveness in a pen scratch with full of confidence. Besides determining the choice of the type of pen that will be used, the choice of the type of hatching used also determines the identity of signature scratch in the drawing. Referring to the strong character of a pen scratch as a preliminary sketch of a work, a great artist and designer will produce great masterpiece that will be in a work of painting, sculpture and visual communication design. Research methodology study uses data collection techniques from some of the literature, observations, and analysis of different forms of shading and its influence on the results of the drawing. Research results can be used as a template for the development of the media pen drawing techniques. 

882 lakes of the Cordillera Blanca: An inventory, classification, evolution and assessment of susceptibility to outburst floods

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Emmer, Adam; Klimeš, Jan; Mergili, M.; Vilímek, V.; Cochachin, A.

2016-01-01

Roč. 147, DEC (2016), s. 269-279 ISSN 0341-8162 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LO1415 Institutional support: RVO:67985891 ; RVO:67179843 Keywords : high mountain lakes * GLOFs * environmental change * natural dams * Huascarán NP Subject RIV: DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography Impact factor: 3.191, year: 2016

Potenciación del patrimonio natural, cultural y paisajístico con el diseño de itinerarios turísticos

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José Molina Ruiz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Los itinerarios turísticos toman distintas denominaciones: corredores, rutas, circuitos, caminos, etc., tratando de potenciar las singularidades de su territorio y hacerlo atractivo a los visitantes. Son una potente herramienta que permite a sus usuarios conocer, valorar y conservar los elementos en ellos presentes. En este trabajo se toma como referencia el municipio de Blanca (Murcia, España perteneciente a la comarca de Valle de Ricote y atravesado por el río Segura, que encierra interesantes valores ambientales, etnográficos, culturales y patrimoniales. Se diseñan cinco rutas turísticas de baja dificultad y se formulan líneas de actuación en base a sus fortalezas, amenazas, debilidades y oportunidades, acompañadas de su valoración económica. Se trata de impulsar la débil economía rural a través del desarrollo de actividades turísticas, dar a conocer sus recursos y fomentar hábitos de conservación y protección.

Speleological study of the cavern of the Ecce homo hill, in the municipality of Chimichagua, Cesar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frank David Lascarro-Navarro

2015-06-01

Full Text Available In the municipality of Chimichagua, Cesar, there is a system of natural caves associated with carbonate sedimentary rocks, which have suffered chemical dissolution and mechanical erosion generating exokarstic and endokarstic processes, which explain the geochemical and morphological phenomena that have given rise to these cavities. This study presents the results of a speleological work performed to the cavern of the Eccehomo Hill, located in the municipality of Chimichagua department of Cesar, concluding that the lithostratigraphic units outside and inside of the cavities are micritic and micritic limestones with fossils that according to the classification of Folk (1974, belong to the Formation Aguas Blancas, of the Cogollo Group. The cavities possess throughout their extension, variety of speleothems, endokarstic process products such as stalactites, moonmilk, castings, flags, sawtooth, found in the walls and ceiling.

Hispaania investor soosib Kofkini ärisid / Ralf-Martin Soe

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soe, Ralf-Martin

2008-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 2. apr. lk. 10-11. Marbellas registreeritud ja ärimees Alexander Kofkini juhitav ettevõte on investeerinud Kofkini Eestis asuvasse firmasse 200 miljonit krooni. Vt. samas: Hispaaniast enim raha saanud ettevõtted; Maailmakodanik Alexander Kofkin; Capital Investment Group laenab Kofkini firmadele odavalt; Hispaania firmade omanikud saladuses; Vista de la Pena

Nature and nature values in organic agriculture

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Lene; Noe, Egon; Højring, Katrine

2006-01-01

The relationship between agriculture and nature is a centra issue in the current agricultural debate. Organic farming has ambitions and a special potential in relation to nature. Consideration for nature is part of the guiding principals of organic farming and many organic farmers are committed...

Las películas folclóricas como manifestaciones más características del cine musical en España

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Inmaculada Sánchez

2010-10-01

Full Text Available El cine musical producido en España incluye manifestaciones de vanguardia, como las películas de Carlos Saura. Sin embargo, los ejemplos más importantes de este género son los que tienen una finalidad comercial. El cine folclórico de temática andaluza es la manifestación más específica del musical español. En este artículo se establece primero un panorama general de la evolución experimentada por el género cinematográfico musical en España. Luego se analizan los rasgos narrativos más sobresalientes del cine folclórico durante su época de esplendor, entre mediados de los años treinta y principios de los sesenta. Por último, se trata de Pena, penita, pena (Miguel Morayta, 1953, protagonizada por una de las grandes estrellas del musical folclórico, Lola Flores, porque se trata de una coproducción concebida también para el mercado latinoamericano.

Parricidios en el Juzgado del Crimen del Rosario en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX : Historias de vida, sentencias y atenuantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Andrea Piazzi

2016-06-01

Full Text Available ¿Cómo se juzgaron los casos de parricidios en el Juzgado del Crimen del Rosario durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX? ¿De qué manera se probaron las condenas? ¿Qué circunstancias determinaron una reducción de la pena? ¿Qué nos dicen los expedientes sobre las formas de vivir y de judicializar esas muertes trágicas? El estudio de estos hechos criminales judicializados en la 2ª Circunscripción Judicial de la provincia de Santa Fe revela que, si bien la condena establecida por ley era la pena de muerte, en la mayoría de los casos existió algún elemento procesal o se consideró alguna circunstancia que determinó una reducción, o absolución, de esta condena. Esto fue un rasgo importante en la definición de la práctica judicial en el proceso de profesionalización de la justicia conocido por la sociedad rosarina del siglo XIX.

El principio de legalidad en el ámbito penitenciario

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Ricardo M. Mata y Martín

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El principio de legalidad, como eje vertebrador de todo el sistema penal, despliega sus efectos también en el ámbito penitenciario. El genérico principio de legalidad en materia penal incluye la llamada garantía penitenciaria o ejecutiva, que se suma a las garantías criminal, penal y jurisdiccional; esta se corresponde con la fase de ejecución de las condenas privativas de libertad impuestas a los autores de hechos delictivos. El trabajo que sigue pretende determinar de forma más precisa las consecuencias de la aplicación del principio de legalidad al sistema de ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad, así como analizar algunas de ellas. En este sentido, se quieren señalar los presupuestos del principio, su recogida normativa en el sistema jurídico español, las consecuencias fundamentales que para el cumplimiento de las penas privativas de libertad trae el principio de legalidad, así como algunas particulares consideraciones respecto a su aplicación en el sistema penitenciario vigente.

Natural radiation; A radiacao natural

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feliciano, Vanusa Maria Delage

2016-07-01

Cosmic radiation, as well as cosmogenic radiation, terrestrial radiation, radon and thorium are introduced in this chapter 3. The distribution of natural radiation sources is treated, where the percentage distribution of the contribution relative to exposure to radiation from natural and artificial sources is also included.

Natural Colorants: Food Colorants from Natural Sources.

Science.gov (United States)

Sigurdson, Gregory T; Tang, Peipei; Giusti, M Mónica

2017-02-28

The color of food is often associated with the flavor, safety, and nutritional value of the product. Synthetic food colorants have been used because of their high stability and low cost. However, consumer perception and demand have driven the replacement of synthetic colorants with naturally derived alternatives. Natural pigment applications can be limited by lower stability, weaker tinctorial strength, interactions with food ingredients, and inability to match desired hues. Therefore, no single naturally derived colorant can serve as a universal alternative for a specified synthetic colorant in all applications. This review summarizes major environmental and biological sources for natural colorants as well as nature-identical counterparts. Chemical characteristics of prevalent pigments, including anthocyanins, carotenoids, betalains, and chlorophylls, are described. The possible applications and hues (warm, cool, and achromatic) of currently used natural pigments, such as anthocyanins as red and blue colorants, and possible future alternatives, such as purple violacein and red pyranoanthocyanins, are also discussed.

Seasonal prevalence of white plague like disease on the endemic Brazilian reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis Prevalencia estacional de la enfermedad de la plaga blanca en el coral endémico de Brasil Mussismilia braziliensis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronaldo Francini-Filho

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The reef coral Mussismilia braziliensis Verril, 1968 is endemic to the eastern Brazilian coast, representing a major reef-building species in the region. This coral is threatened by extinction due to the recent proliferation of a white-plague like (WPL disease. Despite its severe impacts, the environmental factors leading to outbreaks of WPL disease are still poorly understood. This study describes the seasonal prevalence of WPL disease on M. braziliensis in the Abrolhos Bank, on the southern coast of Bahia Brazil. In situ estimates showed that WPL disease was about 4.5 times more prevalent in summer (January 2007, mean sea surface temperature 27.4°C than in winter (July 2007, 25.0°C. This result suggests that the prevalence of WPL disease in M. braziliensis is temperature-dependent, supporting the hypothesis that warmer oceans are facilitating the proliferation of coral diseases worldwide.El coral Mussismilia braziliensis Verril, 1968 es endémico de la costa este de Brasil y representa una de las principales especies constructoras de arrecifes coralinos en dicha region. Este coral se encuentra bajo la amenaza de extincion debido la reciente propagacion de la enfermedad llamada la plaga blanca (PB. Pese los fuertes impactos, los factores ambientales responsables por epidemias de la PB aún son poco conocidos. En este estudio se describe la prevalencia estacional de la PB en M. braziliensis en el Banco de Abrolhos, ubicado en la costa sur de Bahia, Brasil. Estimaciones in situ comprueban que la prevalencia de esta molestia ha sido cerca de 4,5 veces mayor en verano (enero de 2007, temperatura media del agua superficial del mar 27,4°C, que en invierno (julio de 2007; 25,0°C. Este resultado sugiere que la prevalencia de la enfermedad PB en M. braziliensis es dependiente de la temperatura, reforzando la hipótesis de que los océanos mas cálidos estén facilitando la propagacion de enfermedades coralígenas en todo el mundo.

Mother natural: Motivations and associations for consuming natural foods.

Science.gov (United States)

Moscato, Emily M; Machin, Jane E

2018-02-01

Natural is perceived as innately positive and is a widely sought-after attribute in food products. The natural food industry continues to grow in response to rising consumer demand. This qualitative study explored mothers' motivations for purchasing and consuming natural food products for themselves and their families. Mothers are an important population because of their disproportionate influence on household food consumption. We employed participant photography and a series of three weekly focus groups to derive a rich understanding of the activities surrounding and motivations behind seeking natural in everyday buying decisions. Five major themes were identified. First, natural nurtures well-being: physical, psychological, social, and emotional health. Second, natural behaves "supernaturally," allowing positive attributes to be transmitted from the source to the recipient. Third, natural is associated with authenticity, providing a sense of trust, transparency, and control. Fourth, consuming natural reinforces the socially constructed idea of a good mother. Lastly, the preference for natural does not always translate into purchase; mothers face compromises because of conflicting priorities and resources. Understanding mothers' multiple motivations provides deeper insight into the attraction for natural products. The findings have application in positioning interventions for more nutritional eating and revising regulations on the food label natural. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Poemas de Leopoldo De La Rosa

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Leopoldo de La Rosa

1963-12-01

Full Text Available El documento presenta los poemas del autor titulados: Canción del mar; Nocturno V; Nocturno IX; Nocturno XII; Nocturno XIV; Ncturno XV; Nocturno XVIII; Nocturno XX; Nocturno XXV; Nocturno XXVI; Viajar y Mujer Blanca

José Fernando Calderero Hernández, Educar no es domesticar. Educando desde la libertad, en libertad y para la libertad

OpenAIRE

Arteaga, Blanca

2015-01-01

Reseña del libro " Educar no es domesticar. Educando desde la libertad, en libertad y para la libertad" de José Fernando Calderero Hernández, por Blanca Arteaga. Editorial Sekotia, Madrid, 2014, 286 págs.

Monitoreo del glaciar Artesonraju, cordillera blanca

OpenAIRE

Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales. Intendencia de Recursos Hídricos. Unidad de Glaciología y Recursos Hídricos; Gómez López, Jesús; Gonzáles Lizarme, Gilber; Cochachín Rapre, Alejo; Quijano, Joe; Tournoud, Matthieu

2003-01-01

Muestra la evolución del glaciar Artesonraju, como sensor del cambio climático y fuente de recurso hídrico, asimismo calcula el balance glaciológico en base a datos hidrometereológicos. Este glaciar esta ubicado en el distrito de Caraz, provincia de Huaylas, departamento de Ancash.

Astrólogos y astrología al servicio de la monarquía navarra durante la Baja Edad Media (1350-1446

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Serrano Larráyoz, Fernando

2009-12-01

Full Text Available This article provides a general view on astrologers who served at the courts of Carlos II, Carlos III and Blanca I of Navarre. This was a position that combined the foretelling of future events with the medical practice of the moment. Despite the prestige that astrologers seem to achieve, this position was never held long term except in some concrete cases.

El artículo presenta una visión general de los astrólogos que sirvieron en la corte de Carlos II, Carlos III y Blanca I de Navarra. Un cargo cortesano que unía la adivinación de hechos futuros con la práctica médica del momento. Pese al prestigio que parecen alcanzar, no resulta una ocupación con cierta continuidad, salvo en casos muy concretos.

RECUPERACIÓN DE ESPACIOS URBANOS Y PERIURBANOS MEDIANTE LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE PARQUES-HUERTAS EN LA CIUDAD DE BAHIA BLANCA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jezabel Franza

2008-12-01

desarrolla un sentimiento distintivo de territorialidad. El objetivo de la presente comunicación es brindar los fundamentos y bases para la implementación de este tipo de espacios de agricultura urbana y periurbana en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca. Esta clase de proyectos puede ser entendido como una posibilidad de progreso en la gestión ambiental urbana para ciudades como la mencionada donde existe una escasa política en relación con los espacios ociosos y la única respuesta, en el mejor de los casos, es transformar estas tierras en espacios de circulación peatonal. La metodología se sustenta en la recopilación, análisis e interpretación de material bibliográfico y testimonios de informantes claves mediante el empleo de técnicas cualitativas propias de la Geografía Humana. Para ello se emplea como base del análisis la experiencia de la ciudad de Rosario, la cual es pionera en esta modalidad de recuperación de espacios y se incluye en un proyecto integral de desarrollo urbano singular. Creemos conveniente mencionar que el presente trabajo surge como instancia evaluadora final de la Cátedra Curso de Desarrollo Ambiental Urbano dictado por la Dra. María Amalia Lorda, correspondiente a los Ciclos de Orientación Organización y Ordenamiento del Espacio Urbano y Regional y Gestión de los Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente del quinto año de la Licenciatura en Geografía del Departamento de Geografía y Turismo de la Universidad Nacional del Sur. Asimismo el escrito es una inquietud grupal que propone recuperar espacios urbanos degradados mediante la iniciativa de agricultura urbana a través de la implementación de parques-huerta.

Super Natural II--a database of natural products.

Science.gov (United States)

Banerjee, Priyanka; Erehman, Jevgeni; Gohlke, Björn-Oliver; Wilhelm, Thomas; Preissner, Robert; Dunkel, Mathias

2015-01-01

Natural products play a significant role in drug discovery and development. Many topological pharmacophore patterns are common between natural products and commercial drugs. A better understanding of the specific physicochemical and structural features of natural products is important for corresponding drug development. Several encyclopedias of natural compounds have been composed, but the information remains scattered or not freely available. The first version of the Supernatural database containing ∼ 50,000 compounds was published in 2006 to face these challenges. Here we present a new, updated and expanded version of natural product database, Super Natural II (http://bioinformatics.charite.de/supernatural), comprising ∼ 326,000 molecules. It provides all corresponding 2D structures, the most important structural and physicochemical properties, the predicted toxicity class for ∼ 170,000 compounds and the vendor information for the vast majority of compounds. The new version allows a template-based search for similar compounds as well as a search for compound names, vendors, specific physical properties or any substructures. Super Natural II also provides information about the pathways associated with synthesis and degradation of the natural products, as well as their mechanism of action with respect to structurally similar drugs and their target proteins. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

Natural gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fraser, J W

1967-08-01

This report on the natural gas industry of Canada includes: composition and uses of natural gas, production statistics, exploration and development, reserve estimates, natural gas processing, transportation, and marketing. For the Canadian natural gas industry, 1966 was a year of moderate expansion in all phases, with a strong demand continuing for sulfur and liquid hydrocarbons produced as by-products of gas processing. Value of natural gas production increased to $199 million and ranked sixth in terms of value of mineral ouput in Canada. Currently, natural gas provides over 70% of Canada's energy requirements. Proved remaining marketable reserves are estimated to be in excess of a 29-yr supply.

One for all? : connectedness to nature, inclusion of nature, environmental identity, and implicit association with nature

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brügger, A; Kaiser, F.G.; Roczen, N.

2011-01-01

Pleasurable experiences in nature are suspected to promote a personal connection with nature, and subsequently, nature conservation in individuals. Using an Internet-based survey employing a convenience sample of the general population (N = 1,309), we developed a connection-with-nature instrument

A Natural Logic for Natural-Language Knowledge Bases

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andreasen, Troels; Styltsvig, Henrik Bulskov; Jensen, Per Anker

2017-01-01

We describe a natural logic for computational reasoning with a regimented fragment of natural language. The natural logic comes with intuitive inference rules enabling deductions and with an internal graph representation facilitating conceptual path finding between pairs of terms as an approach t...

A Natural Logic for Natural-language Knowledge Bases

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andreasen, Troels; Bulskov, Henrik; Jensen, Per Anker

2017-01-01

We describe a natural logic for computational reasoning with a regimented fragment of natural language. The natural logic comes with intuitive inference rules enabling deductions and with an internal graph representation facilitating conceptual path finding between pairs of terms as an approach t...

[Development of the Feelings toward Nature Scale and relationship between feelings toward nature and proximity to nature].

Science.gov (United States)

Shibata, Seiji

2016-04-01

In the field of environmental psychology, there is rapidly growing interest in the concept of connectivity with nature, describing an individual's sense of being connected with nature. The author developed a new scale for assessing feelings toward nature, including connectedness. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a five-factor model consisting of restorativeness, oneness, mystery, care, and aversion. Then, the relationships among availability of nature in respondents' neighborhood, age, and each subscale score of the Feelings toward Nature Scale, were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The availability of nature in neighborhoods was assessed using a geographic information system and respondents' subjective evaluations. Results indicate that overall connectedness to nature is weaker as availability of nature decreases, as assessed by subjective evaluation. Results also suggest that aversion toward nature in younger people is relatively stronger than in older generations.

Which naturalism for bioethics? A defense of moderate (pragmatic) naturalism.

Science.gov (United States)

Racine, Eric

2008-02-01

There is a growing interest in various forms of naturalism in bioethics, but there is a clear need for further clarification. In an effort to address this situation, I present three epistemological stances: anti-naturalism, strong naturalism, and moderate pragmatic naturalism. I argue that the dominant paradigm within philosophical ethics has been a form of anti-naturalism mainly supported by a strong 'is' and 'ought' distinction. This fundamental epistemological commitment has contributed to the estrangement of academic philosophical ethics from major social problems and explains partially why, in the early 1980s, 'medicine saved the life of ethics'. Rejection of anti-naturalism, however, is often associated with strong forms of naturalism that commit the naturalistic fallacy and threaten to reduce the normative dimensions of ethics to biological imperatives. This move is rightly dismissed as a pitfall since ethics is, in part, a struggle against the course of nature. Rejection of naturalism has drawbacks, however, such as deterring bioethicists from acknowledging the implicit naturalistic epistemological commitments of bioethics. I argue that a moderate pragmatic form of naturalism represents an epistemological position that best embraces the tension of anti-naturalism and strong naturalism: bioethics is neither disconnected from empirical knowledge nor subjugated to it. The discussion is based upon historical writings in philosophy and bioethics.

Los sentimientos morales de la «tristeza» china. Una ilustración del acercamiento del Metalenguaje Semántico Natural (MSN al análisis de algunas emociones chinas «básicas»

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Ye, Zhengdao

2001-12-01

Full Text Available This study undertakes, under the framework of Natural Semantic Metlanguage (NSM developed by Anna Wierzbicka and colleagues, a detailed contrastive and comparative semantic analysis of a pair of emotions concepts: bei and ai (often glossed interchangeably as sadness, sorrow, and grief, which are considered to be basic emotions in traditional Chinese philosophical texts. It illustrates that (a they are by no means interchangeable, nor are they equivalent of the Western idea of sadness, (b they are artifacts of the Chinese culture, shaped by Chinese people’s social and moral experiences, and their view of life and the universe. Essentially, bei encompasses a fatalistic view, and ai is a moral emotion. This leads the author to challenge the claims of universality based on the view entrenched in the English language, and urges researchers to pay attention to the analytical framework employed in the search for universal aspects of human emotions.

Este estudio emprende, desde el marco del Metalenguaje Semántico Natural (MSN desarrollado por Wierzbicka y algunos colegas, un detallado análisis semántico contrastivo y comparativo de dos conceptos de emoción: bei y ai (a menudo glosados de manera intercambiable como tristeza, pena y dolor, que son considerados como emociones básicas en los textos filosóficos chinos tradicionales. En él se demuestra que: a de ninguna manera son intercambiables, ni equivalentes a la idea occidental de tristeza, b son artefactos de la cultura china, conformados por las experiencias morales y sociales del pueblo chino y su visión de la vida y del universo. En esencia, bei comporta una visión fatalista y ai es una emoción moral. Esto lleva a la autora a poner en duda el postulado de universalidad basado en la visión arraigada en la lengua inglesa, y llama a los investigadores a prestar atención al marco

Temporal naturalism

Science.gov (United States)

Smolin, Lee

2015-11-01

Two people may claim both to be naturalists, but have divergent conceptions of basic elements of the natural world which lead them to mean different things when they talk about laws of nature, or states, or the role of mathematics in physics. These disagreements do not much affect the ordinary practice of science which is about small subsystems of the universe, described or explained against a background, idealized to be fixed. But these issues become crucial when we consider including the whole universe within our system, for then there is no fixed background to reference observables to. I argue here that the key issue responsible for divergent versions of naturalism and divergent approaches to cosmology is the conception of time. One version, which I call temporal naturalism, holds that time, in the sense of the succession of present moments, is real, and that laws of nature evolve in that time. This is contrasted with timeless naturalism, which holds that laws are immutable and the present moment and its passage are illusions. I argue that temporal naturalism is empirically more adequate than the alternatives, because it offers testable explanations for puzzles its rivals cannot address, and is likely a better basis for solving major puzzles that presently face cosmology and physics. This essay also addresses the problem of qualia and experience within naturalism and argues that only temporal naturalism can make a place for qualia as intrinsic qualities of matter.

On the Relationship between a Computational Natural Logic and Natural Language

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andreasen, Troels; Bulskov, Henrik; Nilsson, Jørgen Fischer

2016-01-01

This paper makes a case for adopting appropriate forms of natural logic as target language for computational reasoning with descriptive natural language. Natural logics are stylized fragments of natural language where reasoning can be conducted directly by natural reasoning rules reflecting intui...... intuitive reasoning in natural language. The approach taken in this paper is to extend natural logic stepwise with a view to covering successively larger parts of natural language. We envisage applications for computational querying and reasoning, in particular within the life-sciences....

Natural gas trends

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, A.

1991-01-01

This book provides data on many facets of the natural gas industry. Topics include: Canadian, Mexican; US natural gas reserves and production; Mexican and US natural gas consumption; market conditions for natural gas in the US; and Canadian natural gas exports

El mundo del libro: 1970

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Rodríguez Garavito

1970-06-01

Full Text Available Se presentan las reseñas de los siguientes textos: -Hernando Torres Neira, Susata -Blanca Isaza de Jaramillo Mesa, Cuentos de la Montaña -Germán de Granda, Transculturación e interferencia linguistica en Puerto Rico

Endangering of the dam stability of Palcacocha Lake by slope movements, in Peru

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vilímek, V.; Zapata, M. L.; Klimeš, Jan; Patzelt, Z.; Santillán, N.

2005-01-01

Roč. 2, č. 2 (2005), s. 107-115 ISSN 1612-510X Grant - others:GA MŠk(CZ) LA 157 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z30460519 Keywords : landslides * glacial lakes * Cordillera Blanca Subject RIV: DC - Siesmology, Volcanology, Earth Structure

Natural(es) remisión de V. ciencias natural(es).

OpenAIRE

2011-01-01

[ES] Definición del término Natural(es) remisión de V. ciencias natural(es). en el diccionario Dicter. [EN] Definition of the word Natural(es) remisión de V. ciencias natural(es). in the dictionary Dicter.

Natural Gas

OpenAIRE

Bakar, Wan Azelee Wan Abu; Ali, Rusmidah

2010-01-01

Natural gas fuel is a green fuel and becoming very demanding because it is environmental safe and clean. Furthermore, this fuel emits lower levels of potentially harmful by-products into the atmosphere. Most of the explored crude natural gas is of sour gas and yet, very viable and cost effective technology is still need to be developed. Above all, methanation technology is considered a future potential treatment method for converting the sour natural gas to sweet natural gas.

PLURALIZING NATURE

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clemmensen, Thomas Juel

2014-01-01

Denmark is widely recognised for its democratic approach to planning and the idea of planning for the common good. This interest in the common good and common values seems also to be reflected in the way which nature restoration is planned and managed – one common nature directed by the public...... authorities. But nature restoration is far from being a neural undertaking. Just like any other type of heritage production it can be the source of dissonance – ‘our’ nature is not necessary ‘their’ nature. Often this dissonance is managed in ways, which are not particular sensitive to site......-specificity. As exemplified by the Skjern River Restoration Project (1999-2003), one interpretation of the landscape sometimes suppresses other valid interpretations neglecting its diverse history. However, evidence from Switzerland suggests that planning for the common good, in the case of nature restoration, does...

Natural Nanoparticles: A Particular Matter Inspired by Nature

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Sharoon Griffin

2017-12-01

Full Text Available During the last couple of decades, the rapidly advancing field of nanotechnology has produced a wide palette of nanomaterials, most of which are considered as “synthetic” and, among the wider public, are often met with a certain suspicion. Despite the technological sophistication behind many of these materials, “nano” does not always equate with “artificial”. Indeed, nature itself is an excellent nanotechnologist. It provides us with a range of fine particles, from inorganic ash, soot, sulfur and mineral particles found in the air or in wells, to sulfur and selenium nanoparticles produced by many bacteria and yeasts. These nanomaterials are entirely natural, and, not surprisingly, there is a growing interest in the development of natural nanoproducts, for instance in the emerging fields of phyto- and phyco-nanotechnology. This review will highlight some of the most recent—and sometimes unexpected—advances in this exciting and diverse field of research and development. Naturally occurring nanomaterials, artificially produced nanomaterials of natural products as well as naturally occurring or produced nanomaterials of natural products all show their own, particular chemical and physical properties, biological activities and promise for applications, especially in the fields of medicine, nutrition, cosmetics and agriculture. In the future, such natural nanoparticles will not only stimulate research and add a greener outlook to a traditionally high-tech field, they will also provide solutions—pardon—suspensions for a range of problems. Here, we may anticipate specific biogenic factories, valuable new materials based on waste, the effective removal of contaminants as part of nano-bioremediation, and the conversion of poorly soluble substances and materials to biologically available forms for practical uses.

Natural Philosophy

OpenAIRE

Blair, Ann M.

2006-01-01

“Natural philosophy” is often used by European historians as an umbrella term to designate the study of nature before it can easily be identified with what we call “science” today, to avoid the modern and potentially anachronistic connotations of that term. But “natural philosophy” (and its equivalents in different languages) was also an actor's category, a term commonly used throughout the early modern period and typically defined quite broadly as the study of natural bodies. As the central ...

Nature's palette: the search for natural blue colorants.

Science.gov (United States)

Newsome, Andrew G; Culver, Catherine A; van Breemen, Richard B

2014-07-16

The food and beverage industry is seeking to broaden the palette of naturally derived colorants. Although considerable effort has been devoted to the search for new blue colorants in fruits and vegetables, less attention has been directed toward blue compounds from other sources such as bacteria and fungi. The current work reviews known organic blue compounds from natural plant, animal, fungal, and microbial sources. The scarcity of blue-colored metabolites in the natural world relative to metabolites of other colors is discussed, and structural trends common among natural blue compounds are identified. These compounds are grouped into seven structural classes and evaluated for their potential as new color additives.

Densidades y frecuencias de liberación de Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae sobre Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae en tomate

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Tello Paola

2007-12-01

Full Text Available

La mosca blanca de los invernaderos, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae es una de las plagas más importantes de cultivos de tomate bajo invernadero en la Sabana de Bogotá. Para su control tradicionalmente se acude a la aplicación de insecticidas. Sin embargo, también son contempladas liberaciones del parasitoide Encarsia formosa (Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae. Para estandarizar el proceso de cría masiva de E. formosa, se evaluaron tres densidades diferentes de liberación de las avispas (6, 12 y 18 avispas/planta en tres frecuencias de liberación (1, 2 y 3 veces/semana, sobre plantas de tomate de ocho semanas de edad con tres niveles de infestación (15, 30 y 45 ninfas de mosca blanca/hoja, susceptibles de ser parasitadas. El mayor porcentaje de parasitismo (70% en ninfas de tercer instar se logró cuando se liberaron seis avispas por planta, dosificadas en tres momentos diferentes en la misma semana. El menor porcentaje de parasitismo (50%, se obtuvo cuando se realizó una sola liberación de 6, 12 o 18 avispas. Los resultados anteriores permiten concluir que se puede lograr un porcentaje de parasitismo en torno a un 70% de la infestación de mosca blanca (hasta 45 ninfas/hoja en plantas de tomate con pocas avispas de E. formosa (seis cuando se liberan en tres momentos diferentes.

O excesso como medida: os projetos de enrijecimento penal após os “ataques do PCC” e a cultura punitiva contemporânea

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Ricardo Sontag

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, pretende-se abordar alguns traços da cultura punitiva contemporânea vinculados à demanda por penas mais rígidas que atravessam os meios de comunicação e, especialmente, o Parlamento. Para tanto, trata das suas próprias condições de enunciação como discurso acadêmico, passando pela especificidade histórica da articulação entre o ideal legado pelo iluminismo de eficiência do sistema penal e a proliferação de “leis-manifesto” (Baratta até chegar ao exemplo brasileiro de projetos de lei que pretendem aumentar a pena para homicídios contra policiais e autoridades; a maioria vinculada aos ataques do PCC em 2006, a partir dos quais, percebe-se, também, além da característica básica das leis-manifesto (a falta de instrumentalidade, a contaminação de traços da elaboração legislativa associada aos crimes políticos, tal como a contingencialização. Palavras-chave: História do direito penal. Ataques PCC. Leis penais. Delito político.

A potência instituinte no projeto "Exercendo Cidadania"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabiana Davel Canal

2012-12-01

Full Text Available As Penas e Medidas Alternativas (PMAs são cada vez mais utilizadas pelo sistema jurídico brasileiro. Diante desse contexto, a Vara de Execuções de Penas e Medidas Alternativas do Espírito Santo estabeleceu um convênio com Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória que oferece um curso de formação em Direitos Humanos, intitulado "Exercendo Cidadania" como forma de cumprimento das PMAs. Este artigo é resultado da análise preliminar de uma pesquisa que tem como objetivo analisar a execução das PMAs no município de Vitória-ES, com atenção especial para o curso em questão. O diário de campo foi o principal instrumento metodológico, confeccionado pelas vivências no curso de outubro a novembro de 2010. Ficamos atentos aos movimentos que nos indicavam como o apenado entende/vive/pensa a PMA,observando as formas rígidas, instituídas de efetivação das mesmas, mas também - e isso que tentamos dar visibilidade - a potência instituinte do curso.

Recensión a la revista Nova Criminis. Visiones criminológicas de la justicia penal. Número 5, julio de 2013.

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Klaus Alexander Dreckmann Kimelman

2014-03-01

Full Text Available La revista Nova Criminis es una publicación editada por el Magíster en Criminología y Justicia Penal de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales de la Universidad Central de Chile. Su objetivo principal es promover entre los miembros de la comunidad nacional, en particular los estudiantes, académicos y profesionales del Derecho Penal, la importancia de la investigación criminológica vinculada a la justicia penal, así como su debate y la difusión de la interrelación entre el control del delito, la seguridad, la criminalidad emergente y los derechos fundamentales.El Nº 5 de la revista, publicada en el mes de julio del año 2013, está enteramente dedicado al tratamiento de la pena a través del estudio de diversas temáticas que se relacionan con la justificación del castigo y aquellas materias en las que la pena tiene aplicación, como el ámbito de la justicia actuarial, la violencia intrafamiliar y los jóvenes infractores de ley.

Learning from nature: Nature-inspired algorithms

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Albeanu, Grigore; Madsen, Henrik; Popentiu-Vladicescu, Florin

2016-01-01

.), genetic and evolutionary strategies, artificial immune systems etc. Well-known examples of applications include: aircraft wing design, wind turbine design, bionic car, bullet train, optimal decisions related to traffic, appropriate strategies to survive under a well-adapted immune system etc. Based......During last decade, the nature has inspired researchers to develop new algorithms. The largest collection of nature-inspired algorithms is biology-inspired: swarm intelligence (particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, cuckoo search, bees' algorithm, bat algorithm, firefly algorithm etc...... on collective social behaviour of organisms, researchers have developed optimization strategies taking into account not only the individuals, but also groups and environment. However, learning from nature, new classes of approaches can be identified, tested and compared against already available algorithms...

Dissonant Nature

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clemmensen, Thomas Juel

2013-01-01

Nature restoration is far from being a neural undertaking. Just like any other type of heritage production it can be the source of dissonance – ‘our’ nature is not necessary ‘their’ nature. Often this dissonance is managed in ways, which are not particular sensitive to site-specificity. As exempl...... and allows for multiple interpretations to coexist. Evidence can be found in the Re-naturalization of River Aire (2002-2015), a restoration project, which reveals approaches that could be labelled landscape architecture specific....

Natural gas and Brazilian energetic matrix; Gas natural no Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moraes, Ricardo Luchese de [White Martins S.A., Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

1997-07-01

Recent projection of the market in global scale shows a tendency in natural gas using replacing mostly the fuel oil. Its market share well increase from 21.1% in 1994 to 24.0% in 2010. The annual energetic use will reach 29.23 x 10{sup 9} Gcal in 2010 (8990 million Nm{sup 3} natural gas/day) versus 18.90 x 10{sup 9} Gcal in 1994 (5810 million Nm{sup 3} natural gas/day). For Brazil, its consumption will increase from 8.7 million Nm{sup 3} natural gas/day in 1994 to 35.9 million Nm{sup 3} natural gas/day in 2010. Projects like Brazil-Bolivia natural gas pipeline, will supply 18 million Nm{sup 3} natural gas/day, which expected to start-up before the year 2000. This projects will supply the Brazilian southern regions, that do not consume natural gas at the current moment. Although there are many different kind of natural gas consumption in the industry this paper presents the technical and economical estimate of the injection in the blast furnace operating with coke or charcoal. The process simulation is done assisted by math modeling developed by White Martins/Praxair Inc. (author)

Red semántica de terremoto y maremoto en personas expuestas directa y vicariamente Rede semântica de terremoto e tsunami em pessoas expostas diretamente e vicariamente Semantic networks of earthquake and tsunami in people exposed directly and vicariously

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emilio Moyano Díaz

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Se busca identificar el significado de los conceptos 'terremoto' y 'maremoto' en dos grupos diferentemente expuestos al evento acaecido en Chile el 27/02/2010, en una muestra no probabilística intencional, compuesta por 240 personas provenientes de las ciudades de Constitución (n=104 - expuestas directamente al terremoto y maremoto -, y de Punta Arenas (n=136 expuestas vicariamente. Mediante redes semánticas naturales (R.S. construidas ad-hoc, fue observado que terremoto y tsunami tienen significados semejantes, relacionados al miedo, muerte, destrucción, desesperación, desastre, pérdida, angustia, tristeza, pena, dolor y pánico. Adicionalmente, aquellos que vivieron directamente el fenómeno utilizan más definidoras de tipo emocional al definir terremoto que aquellos que fueron expuestos a él de modo vicario.Procurou-se identificar o significado dos conceitos 'terremoto' e 'tsunami' em dois grupos diferentemente expostos ao evento acontecido no Chile em 27/02/2010, em uma amostra não-probabilística intencional, composta por 240 pessoas provenientes das cidades de Constitución (n=104, expostas diretamente ao terremoto e ao maremoto, e de Punta Arenas (n=136, expostas vicariamente. Pelas redes semânticas naturais (R.S. construídas ad hoc, foi observado que terremoto e tsunami têm significados semelhantes, relacionadas a medo, morte, destruição, desespero, desastre, perda, angústia, tristeza, pena, dor e pânico. Além disso, aqueles que experimentaram diretamente o fenômeno tendem a usar mais palavras de cunho emocional para definir terremoto, do que aqueles que foram expostos a ele vicariamen.The purpose of this research was to describe the meaning of "earthquake" and "tsunami" in two groups with different exposures to the Chilean natural disaster on February 27th, 2010. A non-probabilistic sample of two-hundred-forty subjects from Constitución (n=104 and Punta Arenas (n=136 was selected. The first group was directly exposed

US crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids reserves

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

This report presents estimates of proved reserves of crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids as of December 31, 1991, as well as production volumes for the United States, and selected States and State subdivisions for the year 1991. Estimates are presented for the following four categories of natural gas: total gas (wet after lease separation), its two major components (nonassociated and associated-dissolved gas), and total dry gas (wet gas adjusted for the removal of liquids at natural gas processing plants). In addition, two components of natural gas liquids, lease condensate and natural gas plant liquids, have their reserves and production data presented. Also included is information on indicated additional crude oil reserves and crude oil, natural gas, and lease condensate reserves in nonproducing reservoirs. A discussion of notable oil and gas exploration and development activities during 1991 is also presented

Diagnóstico situacional de las internas del establecimiento penitenciario de Concepción

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Carlos Soria Parra

2012-06-01

de Concepción, a 21 kilómetros de la ciudad de Huancayo, región Junín, y funciona desde 1998, hoy regida por la directora Irma Pretell Santillana. Esta investigación, realizada entre febrero y junio del presente año, tuvo la finalidad de elaborar un diagnóstico de la situación de las internas del referido establecimiento para contribuir en las decisiones orientadas a impulsar el proceso de reeducación, rehabilitación y reincorporación de estas personas a la sociedad, como fin de la pena. En este diagnóstico, identificamos aspectos relacionados al nivel educativo, estado de salud y la situación legal de las internas, entre otros, porque consideramos que se trata de información fundamental para asumir decisiones en bien de dicho proceso, que nos interesa fomentar su cumplimiento como estudiantes de Derecho. Y es que toda pena que se limita a la simple sanción o castigo, resulta injusta y atentatoria contra los derechos humanos. Como lo establece el Código Penal, consideramos que la pena tiene la función preventiva, protectora y resocializadora (2. La pena es definida como una sanción que produce la pérdida o restricción de derechos personales, contemplada en la ley e impuesta por el órgano jurisdiccional, mediante un proceso, al individuo responsable de la comisión de un delito (3. Es impuesta en función a la gravedad del delito. La pena privativa de la libertad, como pena mayor, aún sigue siendo la más adecuada en nuestro país. Por eso, la Comisión Revisora del Código Penal, a pesar de reconocer la potencia criminógena de la prisión, considera que la pena privativa de la libertad mantiene todavía su actualidad como respuesta para los delitos que son incuestionablemente graves (2. Sin embargo, la pena no solo debe responder a una simple sanción, sino además perseguir fines que a la postre ayuden a los penados a un cambio, mediante la reeducación, rehabilitación y reincorporación social, que es el objeto de la ejecución penal, tal

Naturalism and un-naturalism among the Cartesian physicians

OpenAIRE

Manning, Gideon

2008-01-01

Highlighting early modern medicine's program of explanation and intervention, I claim that there are two distinctive features of the physician's naturalism. These are, first, an explicit recognition that each patient had her own individual and highly particularized nature and, second, a self-conscious use of normative descriptions when characterizing a patient's nature as healthy (ordered) or unhealthy (disordered). I go on to maintain that in spite of the well documented Cartesian rejection ...

Los galeotes de la monarquía hispánica durante el Antiguo Régimen

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José Luis de las HERAS SANTOS

2009-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En trabajos anteriores de este mismo autor se abordó el tema de los galeotes para el ámbito de la Corona de Castilla y para el período cronológico de los reinados de los Austrias. En esta ocasión el estudio de esta temática se ha extendido además a la Corona de Aragón y a los reinados de los Borbones del Antiguo Régimen. Como consecuencia de la politerritorialidad existente en la Monarquía Hispánica no hubo en sus dominios un único derecho penal aplicable en todos los reinos hasta la promulgación de los códigos penales de 1822 y 1848. En lo que se refiere a la implantación de la pena de galeras hubo una génesis y una evolución distinta en cada territorio. En Cataluña se comienzan a enrolar forzados en las galeras a comienzos del siglo XV. De tal forma que en 1438 esta pena está plenamente establecida en todos los territorios de la Corona de Aragón. Por lo que se refiere a Castilla, la pena de galeras fue introducida por Fernando el Católico y más tarde Carlos V, en 1530, la reguló plenamente y perfiló los delitos que se hicieron acreedores de la misma. Felipe II, por su parte, hizo un gran esfuerzo por aumentar el poderío de la flota de galeras. Por ello aumentó la duración délas condenas a galeras y amplió el número de delitos sancionables con ellas, tanto en la Corona de Castilla como en la de Aragón. En un principio no se estableció en ninguna parte la lista de delitos sancionables con la pena de galeras, sino simplemente se autorizó la conmutación de penas, corporales, destierros y otras similares por servicios de galeras. N o obstante la revisión de la legislación penal pone de relieve que con el paso del tiempo un buen número de delincuentes se fueron haciendo acreedores de trabajos forzados al remo: ladrones, blasfemos, bigamos, testigos falsos, desertores, huidos de prisión, vagabundos, resistidores de la acción de la justicia, etc. Como las necesidades militares fueron crecientes a medida

Fission-track dating of South American natural glasses: an overview

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bigazzi, G. [Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, C.N.R., Via G. Moruzzi, 1, 56124 Pisa (Italy)]. E-mail: g.bigazzi@igg.cnr.it; Hadler Neto, J.C. [Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas SP (Brazil); Iunes, P.J. [Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas SP (Brazil); Osorio Araya, A.M. [Departamento de Fisica, Quimica e Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Sao Paulo, UNESP, 19060-900 Presidente Prudente SP (Brazil)

2005-12-01

Although many glass-bearing horizons can be found in South American volcanic complexes or sedimentary series, only a relatively few tephra and obsidian-bearing volcanic fields have been studied using the fission-track (FT) dating method. Among them, the volcanics located in the Sierra de Guamani (east of Quito, Ecuador) were studied by several authors. Based upon their ages, obsidians group into three clusters: (1) very young obsidians, {approx}0.2Ma old (2) intermediate-age obsidians, {approx}0.4-{approx}0.8Ma old, and (3) older obsidians, {approx}1.4-{approx}1.6Ma old. The FT method is also an efficient alternative technique for identification of the sources of prehistoric obsidian artefacts. Provenance studies carried out in South America have shown that the Sierra de Guamani obsidian occurrences were important sources of raw material for tool making during pre-Columbian times. Glasses originated from these sources were identified in sites distributed over relatively wide areas of Ecuador and Colombia. Only a few systematic studies on obsidians in other sectors were carried out. Nevertheless, very singular glasses have been recognised in South America, such as Macusanite (Peru) and obsidian Quiron (Argentina), which are being proposed as additional reference materials for FT dating. Analyses of tephra beds interstratified with sedimentary deposits revealed the performance of FT dating in tephrochronological studies. A remarkable example is the famous deposit outcropping at Farola Monte Hermoso, near Bahia Blanca (Buenos Aires Province), described for the first time by the middle of the 19th century by Charles Darwin. Considering the large number of volcanic glasses that were recognised in volcanic complexes and in sedimentary series, South America is a very promising region for the application of FT dating. The examples given above show that this technique may yield important results in different disciplinary fields.

Fission-track dating of South American natural glasses: an overview

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bigazzi, G.; Hadler Neto, J.C.; Iunes, P.J.; Osorio Araya, A.M.

2005-01-01

Although many glass-bearing horizons can be found in South American volcanic complexes or sedimentary series, only a relatively few tephra and obsidian-bearing volcanic fields have been studied using the fission-track (FT) dating method. Among them, the volcanics located in the Sierra de Guamani (east of Quito, Ecuador) were studied by several authors. Based upon their ages, obsidians group into three clusters: (1) very young obsidians, ∼0.2Ma old (2) intermediate-age obsidians, ∼0.4-∼0.8Ma old, and (3) older obsidians, ∼1.4-∼1.6Ma old. The FT method is also an efficient alternative technique for identification of the sources of prehistoric obsidian artefacts. Provenance studies carried out in South America have shown that the Sierra de Guamani obsidian occurrences were important sources of raw material for tool making during pre-Columbian times. Glasses originated from these sources were identified in sites distributed over relatively wide areas of Ecuador and Colombia. Only a few systematic studies on obsidians in other sectors were carried out. Nevertheless, very singular glasses have been recognised in South America, such as Macusanite (Peru) and obsidian Quiron (Argentina), which are being proposed as additional reference materials for FT dating. Analyses of tephra beds interstratified with sedimentary deposits revealed the performance of FT dating in tephrochronological studies. A remarkable example is the famous deposit outcropping at Farola Monte Hermoso, near Bahia Blanca (Buenos Aires Province), described for the first time by the middle of the 19th century by Charles Darwin. Considering the large number of volcanic glasses that were recognised in volcanic complexes and in sedimentary series, South America is a very promising region for the application of FT dating. The examples given above show that this technique may yield important results in different disciplinary fields

Beni comuni, sistemi comunitari e usi civici: riflessioni a partire da un caso regionale

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabio Parascandolo

2016-07-01

In tempi di crisi dei modelli di sviluppo locale, questi sistemi di utilizzo delle risorse mostrano rilevanti aspetti di adeguatezza sociale ed ecologica. Vale la pena di riconsiderare il recupero di questi schemi organizzativi, ed è inoltre importante intraprendere un approccio approfondito ai loro caratteri civici, per mettere in evidenza le relazioni tra pratiche di comunanza e problematiche relative allo sfruttamento delle risorse naturali rinnovabili.

LUNETAS MÁGICAS — TRADUÇÕES ÓTICAS EM MACEDO E ALENCAR

OpenAIRE

Guilherme Sarmiento

2017-01-01

Através da análise de dois textos produzidos no século XIX — o fo-lhetim Ao correr de pena, de José de Alencar, e o romance A luneta mágica, de Joaquim Manuel de Macedo —, ilustram-se as inquietações geradas pelo encontro do olhar romântico com o mundo mediado pelas invenções óticas.

La controversia de la utilidad de la estimulación ventricular para la estratificación de riesgo en el síndrome de Brugada

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Manlio F. Márquez

2015-10-01

Full Text Available El artículo que presentan en este número de la revista CorSalud los doctores Dorantes y Trung, constituye una excelente revisión de un tema que, como bien ellos señalan, es todavía motivo de gran controversia. Vale la pena hacer un pequeño comentario histórico para situar apropiadamente al lector en esta controversia.

Los tipos de cultura y su relación con la rotación organizacional

OpenAIRE

Fuchs, Rosa María; Torres, Carla

2015-01-01

La rotación de personal es una de las grandes preocupaciones del entorno empresarial. Uno de los factores que merece la pena estudiar para evitarla es la cultura organizacional. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de literatura y una propuesta de modelo que permitirán abordar aspectos clave en cuanto a la retención de personal a nivel organizacional.

Los tipos de cultura y su relación con la rotación organizacional

OpenAIRE

Rosa María Fuchs; Carla Torres

2012-01-01

La rotación de personal es una de las grandes preocupaciones del entorno empresarial. Uno de los factores que merece la pena estudiar para evitarla es la cultura organizacional. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de literatura y una propuesta de modelo que permitirán abordar aspectos clave en cuanto a la retención de personal a nivel organizacional.

Natural gas monthly

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-01-01

The Natural Gas Monthly highlights activities, events, and analyses of interest to public and private sector organizations associated with the natural gas industry. Volume and price data are presented each month for natural gas production, distribution, consumption, and interstate pipeline activities. Producer-related activities and underground storage data are also reported. From time to time, the Natural Gas Monthly features articles designed to assist readers in using and interpreting natural gas information.

Natural aphrodisiacs.

Science.gov (United States)

Shamloul, Rany

2010-01-01

The search for a remedy or a prescription that can enhance sexual function and/or treat male erectile dysfunction has been an obsession throughout known history. Whether it was an Eastern civilization or a Western one, religious or atheist, man's aspiration for a better or best "manhood" has been a history-time goal. This review will discuss the current research done on the most popular natural aphrodisiacs and examine the weight of evidence to support or discourage the use of any of these substances to enhance sexual desire and/or function. Review of the current evidence on the use of natural substances as aphrodisiacs. Efficacy of natural aphrodisiacs in enhancing sexual function in men and women. There is little evidence from literature to recommend the usage of natural aphrodisiacs for the enhancement of sexual desire and/or performance. Data on yohimbine's efficacy does not support the wide use of the drug, which has only mild effects in the treatment of psychogenic ED. Although there's a positive trend towards recommending ginseng as an effective aphrodisiac, however, more in depth studies involving large number of subjects and its mechanism of action are needed before definite conclusions could be reached. Data on the use of natural aphrodisiacs in women is limited. The current body of objective evidence does not support the use of any natural aphrodisiac as an effective treatment for male or female sexual dysfunctions. Potent men and men with ED will continue the search for natural aphrodisiacs despite the current disappointing data on their effectiveness. Care should be taken regarding the fraud addition of sildenafil analogues to natural aphrodisiacs.

Seismic Discrimination of Earthquakes and Explosions, with Application to the Southwestern United States

Science.gov (United States)

1979-03-22

multi-station discriminants than by those based on network averages. In spite of this situ - ation, average a posteriori probabilities were sometimes...Technology, Pasadena, California. Allen, C. R., L. T. Silver, and F. G. Stehi (1960). Agua Blanca fault - a major transverse structure of northern Baja

Oklo natural reactor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fujii, Isao

1985-01-01

In 1954, Professor Kazuo, Kuroda of Arkansas University in USA published the possibility that spontaneously generated natural nuclear reactors existed in prehistoric age. In 1972, 18 years after that, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique published that in the Oklo uranium deposit in Gabon, Africa, a natural nuclear reactor was found. This fact was immediately informed to the whole world, but in Japan, its details have not necessarily been well known. The chance of investigating into this fact and visiting the Oklo deposit by the favor of COMUF, the owner of the Oklo deposit, was given, therefore, the state of the natural reactors, which has been known so far, is reported. At present, 12 natural reactors have been found in the vicinity of the Oklo deposit. The natural reactors were generated spontaneously in uranium deposits about 1.7 billion years ago when the isotopic abundance of U-235 was 3 %, and the chain reaction started naturally. When the concentration of U-235 lowered, the reaction stopped naturally. The abnormality in the U-235 abundance in natural uranium was found, and the cause was pursued. The evidence of the existence of natural reactors was shown. (Kako, I.)

El registro más antiguo de Hippidion Owen, 1869 (Mammalia, Perissodactyla en América del Sur

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Reguero, M. A.

1998-04-01

Full Text Available The presence of Hippidion devillei in the Esquina Blanca locality (Jujuy, Argentina is confirmed and following the paleomagnetic data is placed near to the Matuyama/Gauss boundary. These remains represent the oldest record of Hippidion in South America. We consider that the validity of the Uquian Land Mammal Age should not be discarded in consideration that the Uquia region is better endowed than the Pampean.Se confirma la presencia de Hippidion devillei en la localidad de Esquina Blanca (Jujuy, Argentina y se sitúa, a partir de los datos paleomagnéticos, en una edad cercana al límite Matuyama/Gauss. Estos restos representan el registro más antiguo de esta especie en América del Sur. Consideramos que no se debe descartar la validez de la «Edad mamífero » Uquiense descrita por primera vez en esta región por tener ventajas sobre los afloramientos de la costa Bonaerense.

Agressão por arma branca e arma de fogo interligada ao consumo de drogas

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Zélia Maria de Santos Sousa Araújo

2004-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y analizar el perfil de 80 clientes sometidos a intervención quirúrgica, víctimas de agresión por arma blanca o de fuego, que estaban sobre el efecto de sustancia psicoactiva. Los datos fueron obtenidos através de la entrevista y complementados con los registros de las historias clínicas. Se constató que la violencia fue mediada por la agresión de arma blanca o de fuego y la mayoría de los entrevistados eran usuarios de sustancias psicoactivas, jóvenes, solteros, sexo masculino, teniendo como escenario las calles, predominantemente en los finales de semana. Frente a los resultados, se sugiere la implementación de estrategias educativas, articulando las escuelas y la comunidad, con el objetivo de combatir la violencia, la drogadicción y el alcoholismo entre los niños y adolescentes.

Evaluación in vitro de la actividad inhibitoria de aceites esenciales de Lippia origanoides H.B.K. sobre el desarrollo micelial y la formación de esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum Berk.

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Alvarez Vanessa

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó la capacidad in vitro de aceites esenciales obtenidos de hojas y fiores de diferentes muestras de Lippia origanoides cultivada en condiciones del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, para inhibir el crecimien- to micelial y la formación de esclerocios de Sclerotium cepivorum, patógeno causante de la pudrición blanca en cebolla. Todos los aceites evaluados mostraron efecto inhibitorio tanto en el crecimiento micelial como en la formación de esclerocios, en concentraciones de 250 - 1350 iL/L% No obstante, aquellos obtenidos a partir del quimiotipo ( presentaron el mayor poder inhibitorio en el crecimiento del micelio concentración m+nima inhibitoria, /4( 5 120 iL/L8 y en la formación de esclerocios% 9s+, el quimiotipo ( de L. origanoides puede ser utilizado potencialmente para el control de la pudrición blanca en cebolla.

Natural and near natural tropical forest values

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel H. Henning

2011-01-01

This paper identifies and describes some of the values associated with tropical rain forests in their natural and near-natural conditions. Tropical rain forests are moist forests in the humid tropics where temperature and rainfall are high and the dry season is short. These closed (non-logged) and broad-leaved forests are a global resource. Located almost entirely in...

White Bean seeds and Pomegranate peel and fruit seeds as hypercholesterolemic and hypolipidemic agents in albino rats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdel-Rahim, E. A.

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of soaked white bean seeds, pomegranate seeds and dried peels and their mixtures on the lipid profiles of rats suffering from hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. The chemical compositions of dried soaked beans and pomegranate (seeds and peels were determined on dry matter which amounted to good values for proteins, lipids, crude fiber and phenols. Also, the phenol contents of pomegranate seeds and peels showed 16 compounds varying in amount between them. It was noticed that catechin and phenol are the dominating compounds. The obtained results showed a good hypolipidemic ability for soaked bean seeds and pomegranate (seeds, peels and their mixtures as well as their mixtures. A bean seeds diet produced a general improvement in the clinical status of blood lipid profile (total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and VLDL-c, liver function (ALT, AST and bilirubin, kidneys function (uric acid, urea and creatinine, blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT by which hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia were reduced. The mixed diet had the best influence concerning biological studies than the other treatments which used bean seeds and pomegranate (seeds and peels alone.

Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio para evaluar los efectos de las semillas de alubias blancas y de las de granadas así como de sus cáscaras secas y sus mezclas sobre los perfiles de lípidos de ratas que sufren de hiperlipidemia e hipercolesterolemia. La composición química de las alubias blancas y de las granadas (semillas y cáscaras fue determinada en base a materia seca alcanzando una buena relación de proteínas, lípidos, fibra cruda y fenoles. Además, el contenido de fenoles de las semillas y las cáscaras de granada mostraron 16 compuestos que varían en cantidad entre ellos. Se observó que la catequina y los fenoles son los compuestos predominantes. Los resultados obtenidos

A Natural Love of Natural Products

OpenAIRE

Kingston, David G. I.

2008-01-01

Recent research on the chemistry of natural products from the author?s group that led to the receipt of the ACS Ernest Guenther Award in the Chemistry of Natural Products is reviewed. REDOR NMR and synthetic studies established the T-taxol conformation as the bioactive tubulin-binding conformation, and these results were confirmed by the synthesis of compounds which clearly owed their activity or lack of activity to whether or not they could adopt the T-taxol conformation. Similar studies wit...

18 CFR 2.78 - Utilization and conservation of natural resources-natural gas.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... conservation of natural resources-natural gas. 2.78 Section 2.78 Conservation of Power and Water Resources... INTERPRETATIONS Statements of General Policy and Interpretations Under the Natural Gas Act § 2.78 Utilization and conservation of natural resources—natural gas. (a)(1) The national interests in the development and utilization...

ENSINO ORIENTADO PELO RESPEITO ÀS INTELIGÊNCIAS MÚLTIPLAS: AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE HOWARD GARDNER PARA O EXERCÍCIO DA DOCÊNCIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kelly Roman Pavan

2014-09-01

Full Text Available A obra de Howard Gardner intitulada Inteligências múltiplas – A teoria na prática foi publicada no Brasil há quase vinte anos. Embora não se trate de obra recente, vale a pena revisitá-la com um olhar crítico e destacar suas importantes contribuições para o exercício da docência.

Wind erosion risk in the southwest of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, and its relationship to the productivity index

Science.gov (United States)

Silenzi, Juan C.; Echeverría, Nora E.; Vallejos, Adrián G.; Bouza, Mariana E.; De Lucia, Martín P.

2012-01-01

Wind erosion risk (WER) for soils of each municipality in the southwest (SW) of Buenos Aires Province (10,491,172 ha) was determined using the wind erosion equation (WEQ) model. WER results from multiplying the soil erodibility index (" I") of the soil by the climatic factor ( C). WER (Mg ha -1 year -1) of each municipality was: Bahía Blanca: 22.4, Coronel Dorrego: 18.6, Coronel Pringles: 4.5, Coronel Rosales: 48.2, Coronel Suárez: 4.5, Guaminí: 3.0, Patagones: 104.6, Puan: 12.2, Saavedra: 3.0, Tornquist: 6.8, and Villarino: 31.7. The maximum weighted average of " I" (Mg ha -1 year -1) corresponded to Coronel Rosales (87.6), Patagones (87.2), Villarino (85.7), Puan (67.9); Guaminí (59.6), Coronel Dorrego (53.1), and Bahía Blanca (39.3); the remaining municipalities ranged between 34.9 and 32.1 Mg ha -1 year -1. The highest C (%) corresponded to Patagones (120), Bahía Blanca (57), Coronel Rosales (55), Villarino (37), Coronel Dorrego (35), Tornquist (21), and Puan (18); for the remaining municipalities it was 14%. The productivity index (PI) is known to establish a numerical value of the productive capacity of lands. The relationship between WER and PI, weighted averages, in all the studied municipalities was fitted by means of a linear model, WER (Mg ha -1 year -1) = 95.23 - 2.09 * PI (%) ( R2 = 66%), and a second-order polynomial model, WER (Mg ha -1 year -1) = 139.41 - 5.86 * PI (%) + 0.07 * PI 2 (%) ( R2 = 74%). No statistically significant relationship was found between WER and PI for each municipality.

Reading a 400,000-year record of earthquake frequency for an intraplate fault.

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, Randolph T; Goodwin, Laurel B; Sharp, Warren D; Mozley, Peter S

2017-05-09

Our understanding of the frequency of large earthquakes at timescales longer than instrumental and historical records is based mostly on paleoseismic studies of fast-moving plate-boundary faults. Similar study of intraplate faults has been limited until now, because intraplate earthquake recurrence intervals are generally long (10s to 100s of thousands of years) relative to conventional paleoseismic records determined by trenching. Long-term variations in the earthquake recurrence intervals of intraplate faults therefore are poorly understood. Longer paleoseismic records for intraplate faults are required both to better quantify their earthquake recurrence intervals and to test competing models of earthquake frequency (e.g., time-dependent, time-independent, and clustered). We present the results of U-Th dating of calcite veins in the Loma Blanca normal fault zone, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico, United States, that constrain earthquake recurrence intervals over much of the past ∼550 ka-the longest direct record of seismic frequency documented for any fault to date. The 13 distinct seismic events delineated by this effort demonstrate that for >400 ka, the Loma Blanca fault produced periodic large earthquakes, consistent with a time-dependent model of earthquake recurrence. However, this time-dependent series was interrupted by a cluster of earthquakes at ∼430 ka. The carbon isotope composition of calcite formed during this seismic cluster records rapid degassing of CO 2 , suggesting an interval of anomalous fluid source. In concert with U-Th dates recording decreased recurrence intervals, we infer seismicity during this interval records fault-valve behavior. These data provide insight into the long-term seismic behavior of the Loma Blanca fault and, by inference, other intraplate faults.

Reading a 400,000-year record of earthquake frequency for an intraplate fault

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, Randolph T.; Goodwin, Laurel B.; Sharp, Warren D.; Mozley, Peter S.

2017-05-01

Our understanding of the frequency of large earthquakes at timescales longer than instrumental and historical records is based mostly on paleoseismic studies of fast-moving plate-boundary faults. Similar study of intraplate faults has been limited until now, because intraplate earthquake recurrence intervals are generally long (10s to 100s of thousands of years) relative to conventional paleoseismic records determined by trenching. Long-term variations in the earthquake recurrence intervals of intraplate faults therefore are poorly understood. Longer paleoseismic records for intraplate faults are required both to better quantify their earthquake recurrence intervals and to test competing models of earthquake frequency (e.g., time-dependent, time-independent, and clustered). We present the results of U-Th dating of calcite veins in the Loma Blanca normal fault zone, Rio Grande rift, New Mexico, United States, that constrain earthquake recurrence intervals over much of the past ˜550 ka—the longest direct record of seismic frequency documented for any fault to date. The 13 distinct seismic events delineated by this effort demonstrate that for >400 ka, the Loma Blanca fault produced periodic large earthquakes, consistent with a time-dependent model of earthquake recurrence. However, this time-dependent series was interrupted by a cluster of earthquakes at ˜430 ka. The carbon isotope composition of calcite formed during this seismic cluster records rapid degassing of CO2, suggesting an interval of anomalous fluid source. In concert with U-Th dates recording decreased recurrence intervals, we infer seismicity during this interval records fault-valve behavior. These data provide insight into the long-term seismic behavior of the Loma Blanca fault and, by inference, other intraplate faults.

Análisis florístico del Parque Nacional Natural Amacayucu e Isla Mocagua, Amazonas (Colombia

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Rudas L. Agustín

1998-11-01

Full Text Available A floristic study of the Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu and Isla Mocagua shows 1348 species, 574 genera and 128 families of vascular plants; 82% of the species are dicotyledons, 14% monocotyledons, 3.7% ferns and ca. 0.2% gymnosperms. Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae and Annonaceae represent 33% of the dicotyledonous species, whereas Araceae, Arecaceae and Poaceae are the main monocotyledonous families. Most families are Gondwanaland elements with sorne Laurasian elements; others are of unknown origino The main habit is represented by trees and shrubs (47% and 19% of the species, 25% are vines and herbs, 9% epiphytes and hemiepiphytes, and En un estudio florístico en cinco sectores del Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu y en la Isla Mocagua, se encontraron 1348 especies de plantas vasculares, distribuidas en 574 géneros y 128 familias; 82% de las especies corresponden a dicotiledóneas, 14% a monocotiledóneas, 3.7% a pteridófitos y ca. de 0.2% a  gimnospermas. Las principales familias fueron Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae, Moraceae y Annonaceae  (dicotiledóneas, y Araceae, Arecaceae y Poaceae (monocotiledóneas. La mayoría de las familias corresponde a elementos de Gondwana con algunos elementos Laurásicos y otros sin origen asignado. El mayor número de las especies tienen hábito arbóreo o arbustivo (47% y 19% respectivamente, ca. del 25% de las especies son lianas y hierbas, 9% epífitas y hemiepífitas, mientras que las parásitas y saprófitas apenas representan < 1%. Los bosques de tierra firme presentan casi el doble de especies de arbustos, hierbas y epífitos que las planicies inundables. Algunos sectores del Parque relativamente distantes entre sí presentan una gran similaridad en cuanto a composición florística, hecho que puede atribuirse principalmente al tipo de agua (blanca, negra o mixta que los irriga. Una comparación con regiones similares en el corredor pacífico, el piedemonte amaz