Tabaquismo durante el embarazo en Argentina y Uruguay Smoking during pregnancy in Argentina and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Althabe

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Argentina y Uruguay están entre los países con mayor proporción de mujeres jóvenes fumadoras. Se desconoce cuál es la proporción exacta de ellas que fuman durante el embarazo así como las características de las que dejan de fumar y las que continúan fumando durante el embarazo. Realizamos una encuesta administrada por un/a entrevistador/a a 1512 mujeres embarazadas de 18 años o mayores (796 en Argentina; 716 en Uruguay, que concurrían a control prenatal en hospitales públicos de grandes conglomerados urbanos. 44% de las mujeres en Argentina y 53% en Uruguay habían sido o eran fumadoras. Durante el embarazo, 11% de las mujeres en Argentina y 18% en Uruguay continuaron fumando. En ambos países, la proporción de mujeres que vive con fumadores, permite fumar en el hogar y regularmente o siempre se encuentra en lugares cerrados con personas que estén fumando fue 49%, 46% y 20% entre las mujeres que nunca fumaron, 67%, 60% y 32% entre las que dejaron, y 78%, 75% y 52% entre las que continuaron fumando respectivamente. El estudio confirma un importante problema de salud pública y documenta que la exposición ambiental persiste en subgrupos de mujeres, aun en aquéllas que dejaron de fumar. Es importante que el sector de salud pública provea acceso a programas efectivos para dejar de fumar durante el embarazo. Cualquier nueva intervención a desarrollar que intente tener un éxito al menos moderado y sostenible, debiera incluir componentes que actúen sobre el entorno fumador de la mujer embarazada que fuma.Argentina and Uruguay are among the countries in which a large proportion of young women smoke. The rate of smokers during pregnancy in both countries is not well known, and data on the characteristics of women who quit smoking during pregnancy compared to those who continue smoking are not available. We conducted a survey including 1512 pregnant women >18 years old (796 in Argentina; 716 in Uruguay, during antenatal visits in

Uruguay minerals fuels[Study of Uranium geochemical prospection in Uruguay]; Los combustibles minerales del Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goso, H

1967-07-01

In this report the bases for the development of the necessary works of prospection are exposed on mineral fuels of Uruguay. We have taken the set from: coal, lutitas bituminous, uranium, petroleum and disturbs. In all the cases we have talked about to the present state of the knowledge and to the works that we considered necessary to develop in each case.

Uranium prospecting and geological favour ability in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, H.

1981-01-01

Uranium prospecting carried out in Uruguay since 1976 is described. On the basis of literature available and of an analysis of the large structural units pertinent to Uruguay's geology, the prospecting performed in general in the northeast of the country, and in particular in the districts of Cerro Largo and Las Canas, is described. Some information is presented on uranium favour ability in Uruguay related to sedimentary formations: Devonian (Cerrezuelo Formation) and Gondwana (San Gregorio and Tres Islas Formations), and to the Crystalline formations of the centre and Southwest (1700-2000 m.y.) and of the east and southeast (500-700 m.y.)

Icnology and fossils of the 'Palacio Member of the Asencio Formation' (superior cretaceous - inferior tertiary of Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonzalez, M.; Tofalo, O.; Pazos, P.

1998-01-01

Observations at three different quarries outcrops of the Del Palacio Member of the Asencio Formation near Nueva Palmira suggest that insect fossil nests occur in tiered paleosols, in which two different subborizons can be recognized. One of them showing columnar structure containing mostly Palmiraichmus castellonsi and Teisseirei barattinia preserved in their origininal position in many of them containing fossil nests rotated from their original position. This level is characterized by the abundance of Caprinisphaera ispp, Monesichnus ameghinoi and Uruguay ispp. Although rain forest conditions, the trace fossil association suggests that insects nested more likely under ecological conditions compatible with herbaceous. (author)

Uruguay mining Inventory: Geochemical prospecting results of Valentines mapping

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spangenberg, J.; Filippini, J.

1985-01-01

This work is about geochemical prospecting carried out into the Uruguay mining inventory framework. In this case the survey was in Valentines mapping. Florida, Durazno and Treinta y Tres provinces of Uruguay .

Long run economic growth and tourism: Inferring from Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Brida, Juan Gabriel; Lionetti, Stefania; Risso, Wiston Adrian

2009-01-01

Argentina is the principal source of tourism in Uruguay. This paper analyzes the effects in the long run of tourism from Argentina on the economic growth of Uruguay. Using quarterly data from 1987.I to 2006.IV, the study uses co-integration analysis and shows the existence of one cointegrated vector among Uruguayan real per capita GDP, Argentinean tourism expenditure, and real exchange rate between Uruguay and Argentina, and tests that the causality relationship positively goes in one way fro...

Commentary of Uruguay geological structure - Present status of its mining activity; Comentarios sobre conformacion geologica del Uruguay - Estado actual de su actividad minera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-07-01

This work is about the geological structure of Uruguay and its mining activity. The Rio de la Plata socket basin and the Rivera crystalline island are the oldest geochronological structures in Uruguay. This unit represents the 60% of the crystalline field and belongs to the Uruguay orogenetic Precambrian cycle. In the north there are sedimentary rocks and granites of the Upper Precambrian period.The mining and processing of marble, granite, agate, amethyst and metallic minerals are declared of national interest.

Las especies de Trichogramma de Uruguay (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae Trichogramma species from Uruguay (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César Basso

2004-07-01

Full Text Available Fueron recolectadas cinco especies de Trichogramma Westwood en Uruguay. La más ampliamente distribuida T. pretiosum Riley parasita Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, Heliothis zea (Boddie, Alabama argillacea (Hübner y Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick. Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner, a menudo confundida con T. fuentesi Torre, parasitan Bonagota cranaodes (Meyrick y A. sphaleropa. Otras dos especies T. galloi Zucchi y T. distinctum Zucchi parasita D. saccharalis. Ellas presentan una morfología relativamente similar y, de acuerdo a la información disponible, no es posible decidir si son especies próximas o sinónimas. Finalmente, T. bellaunionense Basso & Pintureau fue recolectada en Uruguay hasta el momento sólo sobre D. saccharalis. Se provee una clave ilustrada para determinar esas cinco especies. Por otra parte, se incluye una revisión del uso actual y proyectado de Trichogramma para controlar diferentes plagas en diversos cultivos en este país.Five Trichogramma Westwood species were collected in Uruguay. The widely distributed T. pretiosum Riley parasitizes Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, Heliothis zea (Boddie, Alabama argillacea (Hübner and Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick. Trichogramma exiguum Pinto & Platner, often confused with T. fuentesi Torre, parasitizes Bonagota cranaodes (Meyrick and A. sphaleropa. The two species T. galloi Zucchi and T. distinctum Zucchi parasitize D. saccharalis. Their morphology is relatively close and, from the information available, it is not possible to decide if they are closely related species or synonymous species. Finally, up to now, T. bellaunionense Basso & Pintureau was only collected from Uruguay on D. saccharalis. An illustrated key is provided to identify these five species. Moreover, the present and expected use of Trichogramma to control different pests in different Uruguayan crops is reviewed.

Overview of the uranium prospecting in Uruguay[Study of Uranium prospection in Uruguay]; Panorama de la prospeccion de Uranio en el Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rossi, P; Vaz Chaves, N; Pirelli, H

1985-07-01

The report is about Uranium prospection in Uruguay by DINAMIGE experts. They were explained the radioactive properties elements in Uranium and its importance as a fuel oil for electric energy generation.

Uruguay - Surface Weather Observations

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Surface weather observation forms for 26 stations in Uruguay. Period of record 1896-2005, with two to eight observations per day. Files created through a...

Geo Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2008-06-01

This book is based on the Geo Uruguay project which consists on the analysis and diagnosis of the environmental impact in the human welfare. The main topics covered in the different chapters are: human welfare, geographical aspects, climate change, transport and energy, changes in land use, coastal features, biodiversity, industrial urbanization, waste and territorial ordering, energy offers like oil, wood, natural gas, coal and electricity

The III working days of the Cenozoic

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-06-01

The third working days in geology were organized by the Uruguayan Society of geology and took place in DINAMIGE in June - 2012. The lectures were given by national and foreign professionals and included important topics such as mineral raw materials used in the archaeological artifacts in Guayacas - Dayman - Paysandu . The Holocene in the coastal zone of Uruguay. Aspect of the early human occupation in Uruguay. Change effects in the land use about the mineral clay (eucalyptus forestation, illite). Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction for middle and late holocene (Rocha). Gas hydrate resource quantification in Uruguay. Application of the geophysical techniques in the environmental pollution in Montevideo - Piriapolis. Environmental evolution and builders of small hills in India Muerta zone. Human or natural forcing in the geomorphological processes in Pocitos and Ramirez beaches (80 years of aerophotographic records).Tipology and nomenclature proposal for technological soil. Quarries reconditioning methodology. Hydraulic conductivity in sugar cane cultivated in soils previous vinaza application. Paleosoils and pedogenic calcretes formations in Fray Bentos (Oligocene - early miocene) Raigon (late pliocene and Middle pleistocene) and Libertad (early - middle pleistocene). Tectonics and sedimentary process in the continental talud in Uruguay. Rio de la Plata as paleoenvironmental focus using diatomos as proxies. Oleistocene mammals in the late-early Holocene in Santa Lucia river basin (Uruguay southern). Anthropization in Montevideo Bay during the Holocene. Paleocene stratigraphic plays in Uruguay offshore. Continental Influence versus marine transition in Rio de la Plata zone - internal continental shelf of the South Atlantic - a multiproxy study. Macrofossils vegetable in Palmar formation (later pleistocene) in Entre Rios - Argentina. Phytolith analysis in quaternary fluvial sediment (plio-pleistocene) in San Salvador and Palmar formation - Uruguay

Geology of Uruguay review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez Rifas, C.

2011-01-01

This work is about the Uruguay geology review.This country has been a devoted to breeding cattle and agriculture.The evolution of geological knowledge begun with Dr. Karl Walther who published 53 papers between 1909 and 1948.

The genus Phanerochaete (Corticiaceae, Basidiomycotina) sensu lato in Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Sebastian Martinez; Karen K. Nakasone

2005-01-01

Eight species of Phanerochaete are reported from Uruguay for the first time, including a new species, P. vesiculosa. Phanerochaete vesiculosa is characterized by thin-walled, clavate to cylindrical vesicles embedded in the subiculum. A key to the known species of Phanerochaete from Uruguay is provided.

United Nations programme for the assistance in Uruguay mining exploration

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1976-01-01

The Uruguay government asked for the United Nations for the development of technical assistance programme in geological considerations of the Valentines iron deposits. This agreement was signed as Mining prospect ion assistance in Uruguay.

Diverging patterns of fertility decline in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mathías Nathan

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Background: The total fertility rate (TFR in Uruguay fell from 2.5 to 1.9 children per woman between 1996 and 2011. However, no study to date has examined the decline of the TFR by observing changes in fertility patterns by birth order. Objective: The main aim of this study is to analyze recent changes in fertility level and timing of childbearing by birth order in Uruguay. Methods: We estimate unconditional and conditional age- and birth-order-specific fertility rates for 1996-2011 using data from vital statistics, population census, and national population estimates. Additionally, three period summary measures of birth-order-specific fertility quantum are calculated: TFR, PATFR and TFRp*. Timing changes by birth order are examined with MAB and TMAB, focusing on MAB1 and its standard deviation and comparing their evolutions in Uruguay with those of selected countries. Results: Fertility decline fits a parity-specific stopping model with a moderate increase in the mean ages of first, second, and third births. The distribution of conditional fertility rates for first and second births depicts an asymmetric bimodal shape linked to the increasing heterogeneity of the timing of childbearing. Compared to countries with similar fertility trends, heterogeneity in the age at first birth in Uruguay is remarkably high. Conclusions: Previous studies suggest that heterogeneity in first and second birth timing is related to structural social inequalities, as women from lower social strata have not significantly changed the age at which they bear a first child, whereas women of middle to high social strata have started to postpone it. The new evidence reinforces the idea that postponement transition in Uruguay cannot be studied without considering this consolidation of social status polarization in fertility timing.

Uruguay mining inventory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-01-01

In the framework of the studies by the group DINAMIGE-BRGM it has carried out a programme about the Uranium prospection in Uruguay.The main resources used were: geologic mapping, radiometry, analysis and sampling of soils,alluvial and rocks, geophysical and perforations.The Uranium programme can be estimated on five or six years of duration

The uranium works prospection developed since 1976 in the Republica Oriental del Uruguay[Geochemical prospection of Uranium in Uruguay]; Los trabajos de prospeccion de uranio desarrollados a partir de 1976 en la Republica Oriental del Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-07-01

In this report there are described the works of exploration of uranium developed in the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay from 1976.Then do the precedents and of an analysis of the big zones. Dates structural that compose the geology of the Uruguay, describe the works carried out in general exploration, towards the North-East of the country and of detail in the same zone: Districts Long Hill South and The Canes. Finally, a series of considerations are carried out on the perspectives of uranium in the Uruguay, in relation by the sedimentary areas: Devonian (formation Cerrezuelo) and Gondwana (formation San Gregorio and Three Islands) and, on the crystalline areas, of the center, southwest and this one.

Costo-efectividad de la vacunación universal antineumocócica en Uruguay Cost-effectiveness of universal pneumococcal vaccination in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Giachetto Larraz

2010-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar la relación costo-efectividad del programa de vacunación universal con la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada heptavalente (VCN7 en niños menores de 5 años en Uruguay. MÉTODOS: Se desarrolló un modelo Markov simulando una cohorte de 48 000 niños nacidos en 2007 y su evolución hasta los 76 años de edad. El caso base usó un esquema de tres dosis con una duración estimada de protección de cinco años. La presunción de eficacia y efectividad de la vacuna se realizó acorde con estudios realizados en Estados Unidos con ajuste a la prevalencia-incidencia de serotipos en Uruguay. Los resultados se expresaron como costo incremental por año de vida ganado (AVG y por año de vida [ganado] ajustado por calidad (AVAC. RESULTADOS: Para el caso base, el costo incremental fue de US$ 7 334,6 por AVG y US$ 4 655,8 por AVAC, previniéndose 8 muertes y 4 882 casos de otitis, 56 bacteriemias-sepsis, 429 neumonías y 7 meningitis. El modelo muestra sensibilidad a variaciones en eficacia, costo de la vacuna y tasa de mortalidad por neumonía. CONCLUSIONES: El programa de vacunación universal con VCN7 en Uruguay es altamente costo-efectivo y, en consecuencia, recomendable para otros países con carga de enfermedad neumocócica y cobertura de serotipos similares a Uruguay.OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the cost-effectiveness ratio of the program for universal vaccination with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7 in children under 5 years of age in Uruguay. METHODS: A Markov model was developed that simulated a cohort of 48 000 children born in 2007 and their progress to age 76. The baseline case used a regimen of three doses with estimated protection for five years. The presumption of vaccine efficacy and effectiveness was based on studies conducted in the United States with adjustment for serotype prevalence-incidence in Uruguay. The results were expressed as the incremental cost per life year gained (LYG and quality-adjusted life year

Cretacic tectonics in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomez Rifas, C.

2012-01-01

This work is about Cretacic tectonics in Uruguay, this formation is characterized by high level cortex because the basament is cratonized since Middle Devonian. There were formed two main grabens such as Santa Lucia and Mirim-Pelotas which are filled with basalt and sediments.

Uruguay minerals fuels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, H.

1967-01-01

In this report the bases for the development of the necessary works of prospection are exposed on mineral fuels of Uruguay. We have taken the set from: coal, lutitas bituminous, uranium, petroleum and disturbs. In all the cases we have talked about to the present state of the knowledge and to the works that we considered necessary to develop in each case

Soomlased ajendasid Uruguay ja Argentina vahelise tselluloositüli / Heiki Suurkask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

2006-01-01

Argentiinlased protestivad Uruguay jõe Uruguay-poolsel kaldal ehitavate tselluloositehaste vastu, ehitustööd mõistis hukka ka president Nestor Kirchner. Tehased rajab Soome kontsern Metsä-Botnia. Lisa: Argentinal endal keskkonnale ohtlikud tehased

The geological map of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bossi, J.; Ferrando, L.; Fernandez, A.; Elizalde, G.; Morales, H.; Ledesma, J.; Carballo, E.; Medina, E.; Ford, I.; Montana, J.

1975-01-01

The geological map of Uruguay is about the morphological characteristics of the soil such as rocks, sediments and granites belong to different periods. These periods are the proterozoic, paleozoic, permian, mesozoic, jurassic, cretaceous, cenozoic and holocene.

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus: first serological evidence in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Costa, M; García, L; Yunus, A S; Rockemann, D D; Samal, S K; Cristina, J

2000-01-01

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of respiratory disease in calves resulting in a substantial economic loss for the cattle industry worldwide. In order to determine the presence of BRSV in Uruguay, an immunoenzymatic test was set up, using a recombinant BRSV nucleocapsid (N) protein as the antigen. The N protein was produced in Sf9 insect cells by a recombinant baculovirus expressing the N protein. Serum samples collected from one hundred cattle from four different geographic regions of Uruguay were analyzed. Antibodies against the N protein of BRSV were detected in 95% of the serum samples analyzed. These results show for the first time the presence of BRSV antibodies and suggest a widespread BRSV infection in the cattle population of Uruguay.

Uruguay mining inventory[Geochemical prospection of Uranium in Uruguay]; Inventario Minero Nacional

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-07-01

In the framework of the studies by the group DINAMIGE-BRGM it has carried out a programme about the Uranium prospection in Uruguay.The main resources used were: geologic mapping, radiometry, analysis and sampling of soils,alluvial and rocks, geophysical and perforations.The Uranium programme can be estimated on five or six years of duration.

SOBRE LA PRESENCIA DE CONDALIA BUXIFOLIA (RHAMNACEAE Y MAYTENUS SPINOSA (CELASTRACEAE EN URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MARCHESI EDUARDO

2004-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de la revisión de muestras de herbarios y nuevos relevamientos florísticosconcluimos que Maytenus spinosa (Celastraceae, especie citada para la flora deUruguay, fue reiteradamente confundida con Condalia buxifolia (Rhamnaceae,cuya presencia en Uruguay pasó inadvertida durante casi un siglo. Maytenus spinosadebe ser excluida de la flora del Uruguay.

Uruguay mining inventory. Geochemical prospecting results of the Amarillo aerial map[Study of Uranium geochemical prospection in Uruguay]; Inventario minero del Uruguay. Resultados de la prospeccion geoquimica del fotoplano Amarillo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeegers, H; Spangenberg, J

1981-07-01

This report is about the results of the geochemical prospection carried out on the Amarillo aerial map, it placed in the area 24 of Uruguay (G11 section).This prospection was carried out by Geologic Institute team of Uruguay (IGU) with the technical assistance of BRGM. The Amarillo aerial map covers parts of Isla Cristalina. This is the window of the insular precrambrian shelf and it is surounded by geological formation as paleozoic and other more reecently formations too. The precambrian formation are represented by three big whole groups: metamorphic serial; groups of intrusing granites; and metamorphic rocks.

The renewable energies in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2011-01-01

This report is about the energetic politc and its strong commitment with the incorporation of autochthonous sources and renewable energy. The objective and the main lines of action in Uruguay are: provide electric power, wind, biomass, bioethanol, biodiesel, solar and hydroelectric power

Technologies uses in education: Geology virtual Museum of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tabo, F.

2007-01-01

For several years we come seeing the advance from the new technologies of the information in the education. That is a contribution to the geological knowledge of Uruguay. This presentations were done considering the three learning styles (VAK) Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic, that the NLP describes. We considered that this publication modality is a form to present to us inside and outside our country, and what our institution this doing in the didactic area, in subjects as they are geology and the mining through a CD without letting consider the low publication costs. He is usual that many institutions of education of Uruguay do not have possibility of acceding to our Museum for economic reasons for which what we propose it is the accomplishment of a crossed CD with one virtual visit to the Geology of Uruguay

Mining inventory of Uruguay : Uranium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1983-01-01

With the aim of Uruguay Uranium prospecting in this document has been summarized the following items: lithostratigraphy, background, economics aspects, radiation measuring, geochemistry, geophysics in Yerba Sola, Magnolia, Paso Amarillo, La Mercedes, Puntas de Abrojal, Las Chircas, La Divisa, Chuy, Apretado and Frayle Muerto

The Permian mega floras of Uruguay.A synthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Crisafulli, A.; Herbst, R.

2007-01-01

The Permian megafloras of Uruguay. A synthesis. An analysis of the impression and fossil wood floras from the Permian of Uruguay is given through a series of Tables. These show : (1) the list of taxa, (2) anatomical characters of the woods, (3) data on the microfloral associations, (4) paleoenvironmental information and (5) comparisons with contemporaneous Gondwana floras. The evolutionary degree of the woods is briefly analyzed where they correspond to the so-called ''transition xilotaphofloras'' as they present typical Paleozoic anatomical characters but with secondary xylem of more advanced characteristics. (author)

Molecular diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Maya, L; Puentes, R; Reolón, E; Acuña, P; Riet, F; Rivero, R; Cristina, J; Colina, R

2016-03-01

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) affects bovine production and reproduction causing significant economic losses all over the world. Two viral species has been recognized: BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, both distributed worldwide. Recently, novel specie of BVDV named HoBi-like pestivirus was discovered. The presence of BVDV was confirmed in 1996 in Uruguay, however, does not exist until today a schedule of compulsory vaccination along the country. Serological studies with samples from all Uruguayan herds were performed during 2000 and 2001 demonstrating that all of them were seropositive to BVDV with a mean prevalence of 69%. In addition, there have been no new studies done since those previously described and it is important to mention that the genetic diversity of BVD has never been described in Uruguay. Nowadays, there is strongly suspect that BVDV is one of the most important causes of reproductive failures in our herds. The aim of this study was to describe for the first time in Uruguay the genetic diversity of BVDV with samples collected from different regions along the country. Serological status of 390 non-vaccinated animals against BVDV with reproductive problems from farms of Rivera, Tacuarembó and Florida departments of Uruguay were studied. All herds were seropositive to BVDV and high proportion of animals were positive (298/390), while 4.1% (16/390) of the animals were positive to Antigen Capture ELISA test and Real Time PCR. Phylogenetic analysis performed with concatenated sequences from the 5'UTR and Npro genomic regions revealed that BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 are infecting our herds, being BVDV-1 the most frequently found. The major subtype was BVDV-1a, followed by BVDV-1i and BVDV-2b. This is the first study that describes the genetic diversity of BVDV in Uruguay and it will contribute to the elaboration of sanitization programs.

Freshwater gastropods diversity hotspots: three new species from the Uruguay River (South America

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego E. Gutiérrez Gregoric

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Background: The Atlantic Forest is globally one of the priority ecoregions for biodiversity conservation. In Argentina, it is represented by the Paranense Forest, which covers a vast area of Misiones Province between the Paraná and Uruguay rivers. The Uruguay River is a global hotspot of freshwater gastropod diversity, here mainly represented by Tateidae (genus Potamolithus and to a lesser extent Chilinidae. The family Chilinidae (Gastropoda, Hygrophila includes 21 species currently recorded in Argentina, and three species in the Uruguay River. The species of Chilinidae occur in quite different types of habitats, but generally in clean oxygenated water recording variable temperature ranges. Highly oxygenated freshwater environments (waterfalls and rapids are the most vulnerable continental environments. We provide here novel information on three new species of Chilinidae from environments containing waterfalls and rapids in the Uruguay River malacological province of Argentina. Materials and Methods: The specimens were collected in 2010. We analyzed shell, radula, and nervous and reproductive systems, and determined the molecular genetics. The genetic distance was calculated for two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I–COI- and cytochrome b -Cyt b- for these three new species and the species recorded from the Misionerean, Uruguay River and Lower Paraná-Río de la Plata malacological provinces. In addition, the COI data were analyzed phylogenetically by the neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference techniques. Results: The species described here are different in terms of shell, radula and nervous and reproductive systems, mostly based on the sculpture of the penis sheath. Phylogenetic analyses grouped the three new species with those present in the Lower Paraná-Río de la Plata and Uruguay River malacological provinces. Discussion: Phylogenetic analyses confirm the separation between the Uruguay River and the Misionerean

Iron and manganese deposits in Uruguay; Los yacimientos de hierro y manganeso en el Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alvarado, B

1959-07-01

This report is the results of the study carried out for the United Nations expert which the main object was: the study of the information available about iron and manganese formation in Uruguay, as well as the main researching deposit to determinate economical possibilities in the exportation.

Acianthera hygrophila(Orchidaceae, nuevo registro para Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés J. Rossado

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Se reporta por primera vez para la flora de Uruguay la orquídea epífita Acianthera hygrophila (Barb. Rodr. Pridgeon & M.W. Chase. La misma fue hallada en el bosque ribereño del Río Yaguarón en el este del departamento de Cerro Largo próximo al límite con Brasil. Este registro representa el límite sur de distribución de la especie. Se presenta una descripción ampliada, ilustración y mapa de distribución de A. hygrophila, así como una clave para la identificación de las especies de Acianthera presentes en Uruguay

Current state about the cuaternary knowledge of Uruguay; Estado actual sobre los conocimientos del cuaternario en Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anton, D; Goso, H

1974-07-01

This work is about current state of cuaternary knowledge Uruguayan. It is considered that the cuaternary presented a change from the hot and dry weather of the Pliocene to more humid and colder weather in Uruguay.

Explicative memory of the geologic map of Uruguay. Esc. 1.500.000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi Porta, F.; Spoturno, J.; Rossi, P.; Heinzen, W.

1985-01-01

The Geological Map of Uruguay Esc. 1.500.000 is part of the Geological Map Programme developed by the Institute Geologic during the years 1977 - 1980. Its memory describe the geography, the lit ho stratigraphy and the crystalline area in the soil of Uruguay.

Overview of the uranium prospecting in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rossi, P; Vaz Chaves, N.; Pirelli, H.

1985-01-01

The report is about Uranium prospection in Uruguay by DINAMIGE experts. They were explained the radioactive properties elements in Uranium and its importance as a fuel oil for electric energy generation

Update of Energy policy of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-08-01

The National Energy Directorate from Uruguay called a contest for Update Policy L Energy of Uruguay so as to ensure energy supply at the lowest possible cost, with greater safety and lower environmental impact and taking account efficient use of the Energy. FIEL was selected to carry out the work planned within three months and responding to a broad agenda that included the following points in the order of the Terms of Reference of the contest (TORs): 3.1. Evaluation of the existing energy policy 3.2. relative price optimization fuel 3.3. Optimization of tax policy in fuel 3.4. assessment of cost and benefits of alternative import 3.5. strategic reserve 3.6. Ambiental impacts Identification 3.7. Recommendations to improve the framework regulatory 3.8. Institutional framework for the energy sector in Uruguay 3.9. Evaluation of potential of renewable national energy resources 3.10. Energy efficiency 3.11. Action Plan for the National Energy The report presents and order of the TORs. In the first chapter updates assessment of energy policy presented in the progress report. In point 3.2 approaching the economic costs of the various energy alternatives from the parities import and cost efficient products in non tradable. Along with the environmental costs estimated in Section 3.6 is evaluated in the 3.3 How should the taxes structure to take into account externalities generating energy. In Section 3.4 discusses different options imported and in 3.5 energy supply costs are assessed count a strategic reserve, which Uruguay has decided that it is in the form of capacity thermal generation. In paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8 governing institutions is analyzed and they plan the sector, not only from a regulatory point of view but also the organization Internal DNE. In 3.9 alternatives are discussed renewable resources from national and international studies existentes, and in 3.1 updating the results of a recent study on energy efficiency by the World Bank and the case of an eventual

78 FR 41259 - Importation of Fresh Citrus Fruit From Uruguay, Including Citrus

Science.gov (United States)

2013-07-10

... therefore opposed importation of fresh citrus fruit from Uruguay until its effectiveness could be validated...'' imports. The commenter stated that this argument is invalid due to the year-round marketing of citrus... metric tons, which is less than 3 percent of U.S. production. Uruguay's total fresh orange and lemon...

Hydrogeologic characterization of devonian aquifers in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Massa, E.

1988-01-01

This article carried out the assistance research project implementation in devonian sedimentary units as a potentials aquifers and their best use to school supplying and rural population in central area of Uruguay.

Renewable energy for rural electrification in Uruguay; Energias renovables para la electrificacion rural en Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chaer, R; Zeballos, R [Facultad de Inngenieria, Instituto de Ingenieria Electrica, Montevideo (Uruguay)

1994-07-01

The analysis of the possibility of application of the eolic technologies is presented and for the electrification of small rural consumers in the Uruguay, comparing them with the alternative of being connected to the National electric net using the but economic of the systems with return for earth. It was carried out to summary of the existent alternatives in both technologies and it builds to shammer to evaluates it the generation cost and with to classification, for consumption level, of the potential users, it can make to Map of the Uruguay that allows to guide on the solution to adopt according to the consumption level, the distance to the National electric net and according to the characteristics of the wind in the geographical location of the location. All the systems were evaluated on a base of 20 year-old operation keeping in mind the replacements of the materials whose useful life is inferior. In this work, the results of the studies are presented and the followed methodology is shown on a concrete example.

Phytolith analysis in fluvial quaternary sediment (San Salvador and Palmar formation) Uruguay river and Argentina eastern

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patterer, N.; Passeggi, E.; Zucol, A.; Brea, M.; Krohling, D.

2012-01-01

This work is about two microfossils fluvial units deposited by the Uruguay river during the Quaternary. These are San Salvador and Palmar formation (Plio-Pleistocene - Upper Pleistocene).The Palmar formation is a band of 4-15 km along the right bank of the Uruguay river outcropping from the eastern provinces of Corrientes and Entre Rios, to Concepcion del Uruguay

The Impact of the Uruguay Round on World Agriculture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chung-Sil Kim

2002-12-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on the impact of the Uruguay Round (UR implementation on world agriculture using a multi-regional general equilibrium model and the mapping function of the Geographic Information System (GIS. The results of this study show that the Uruguay Round has had a negative impact on world agriculture in the light of total food production and food distribution. For commodities such as grains, while grain production rises in exporting countries, the effect is not sufficient to cover the fall in production in importing countries. In particular, the impact is serious on food security in importing countries of agricultural products. The negative impact is almost concentrated in importing countries, particularly Japan, the European Union (EU and South Korea. As is clearly visible on the maps produced by the GIS function, the real state of world agriculture as well as the results evaluated by this Computable General Equilibrium (CGE model has changed negatively in major importing countries and particularly the Least Developed Countries (LDCs, Sub-Saharan Africa following the Uruguay Round.

Mineral deposits research in Uruguay. Technical economic part; Investigacion de yacimientos de minerales en el Uruguay. Parte tecnico economica.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Raabe, W

1959-07-01

Technical researches, mineralogical and chemical analysis were carried out in Zapucay and Iman deposit located in Uruguay south America, as a result of that, researchers was described the mineral adherences of the deposits.

Uruguay; 2011 Selected Issues

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

2011-01-01

This 2011 Article IV Consultation—Selected Issues paper focuses on estimating potential output and the output gap and spillovers from agriculture in the case of Uruguay. It introduces additional economic information and theory to estimate potential output, shedding some light on the discussion of current monetary and fiscal policies. The objective is to take advantage of economic data to disentangle the most recent economic performance by introducing multivariate techniques. The paper also pr...

Las arañas Mygalomorphae del Uruguay : clave para familias, géneros y especies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura Montes de Oca

2011-05-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una clave para el reconocimiento de familias, géneros y especies de arañas del infraorden Mygalomorphae encontradas en Uruguay. Asimismo, se indica por primera vez la presencia de cuatro especies de Mygalomorphae para el país. Adicionalmente se brinda información biológica sintética acerca de las familias presentes en Uruguay.AbstractThis paper includes a key for the recognition of families, genera and species of spiders of the infraorder Mygalomorphae found in Uruguay. The presence of four species is reported for the fi rst time for the country. Additionally we give brief biological information about the families present in Uruguay.

Iron and manganese deposits in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alvarado, B.

1959-01-01

This report is the results of the study carried out for the United Nations expert which the main object was: the study of the information available about iron and manganese formation in Uruguay, as well as the main researching deposit to determinate economical possibilities in the exportation.

Contributions to knowledge of the continental margin of Uruguay. Description of background samples in the continental margin of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F

2015-01-01

This study provide data concerning of the background sediments of the continental margin of Uruguay. There were carried out different works with witnesses in order to extract various sediment samples from the continental shelf

Odonata de Uruguay: lista de especies y nuevos registros Odonata from Uruguay: species list and new records

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natalia Von Ellenrieder

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Se proporciona una lista de las 70 especies citadas para Uruguay. Catorce de ellas constituyen nuevos registros para el país: Mnesarete pruinosa (Hagen en Selys [Calopterygidae, Acanthagrion lancea Selys, A. peruvianum Leonard, Argia serva Hagen en Selys y Oxyagrion chapadense Costa (Coenagrionidae, Neoneura ethela Williamson (Protoneuridae, Progomphus costalis Hagen en Selys (Gomphidae, Elasmothemis constricta (Calvert, Erythrodiplax basalis (Kirby, Erythrodiplax media Borror, Micrathyria hypodidyma Calvert, Micrathyria ringueleti Rodrigues Capitulo, Orthemis ambinigra Calvert y Perithemis icteroptera (Selys en Sagra (Libelullidae.A list of 70 species known to occur in Uruguay is given. Fourteen species are new country records: Mnesarete pruinosa (Hagen in Selys (Calopterygidae, Acanthagrion lancea Selys, A. peruvianum Leonard, Argia serva Hagen in Selys, and Oxyagrion chapadense Costa (Coenagrionidae, Neoneura ethela Williamson (Protoneuridae, Progomphus costalis Hagen in Selys (Gomphidae, Elasmothemis constricta (Calvert, Erythrodiplax basalis (Kirby, Erythrodiplax media Borror, Micrathyria hypodidyma Calvert, Micrathyria ringueleti Rodrigues Capitulo, Orthemis ambinigra Calvert, and Perithemis icteroptera (Selys in Sagra (Libelullidae.

Gender, age, social disadvantage and quitting smoking in Argentina and Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Niedzin, Mirosław; Gaszyńska, Ewelina; Krakowiak, Jan; Saran, Tomasz; Szatko, Franciszek; Kaleta, Dorota

2018-03-14

Cessation of tobacco use has the potential to provide the greatest immediate benefits for tobacco control. Understanding the social determinants of smoking cessation is an essential requirement for increasing smoking cessation at the population level. The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-economic dimensions associated with cessation success among adults in Argentina and Uruguay. Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), a cross-sectional, population-based, nationally representative survey conducted in Argentina (n=5,383) and Uruguay (n=4,833) was utilized. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses with results being presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were applied to study differences among those respondents who sustained smoking abstinence (≥1 year) and those who continued smoking. The GATS study revealed that social gradients in tobacco quitting exist in Argentina and Uruguay. Being aged 25-34, particularly men in Uruguay, women in Argentina, low educated men in Argentina and having a lower asset index were associated with reduced odds for quitting. Factors that are driving differences in smoking cessation between diverse social groups in Latin America countries need to be considered when implementing relevant interventions to ensure tobacco control strategies work effectively for all population segments.

Uruguay valitsus hakkab riiki korrastama / Allan Espenberg

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Espenberg, Allan

2005-01-01

Esimest korda tuleb nii valitsuse kui parlamendi tasandil Uruguays võimule vasakpoolne koalitsioon, mis suutis eemale tõrjuda kokku 174 aastat võimul olnud kahte parteid. Uueks presidendiks sai Tabare Vazquez, kelle poolt hääletasid pooled valijad

Geo structural chart of Uruguay. Scale 1/2.000.000

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Spoturno, F.; Heinzen, W.

1979-01-01

This work is about the Geo-Structural Chart of Uruguay , Esca le 1 / 2,000,000. The geological information synthesis in the country, obtained from: published geological work or whose information is registered by laboratory work and geophysical surveys. This Chart will allow an overview of the degree of geological knowledge of Uruguay, restricted to the limits imposed by the scale of this work. The realization of this Chart included a thorough and careful compilation, critical analysis, standardization and interpretation of all geological and geophysical maps available in the country

Uruguay; 2011 Article IV Consultation

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

2011-01-01

This 2011 Article IV Consultation highlights that the growth momentum in Uruguay has continued into 2011 but a slowdown is under way, led by weaker exports and slower public investment. Uruguay’s economic and financial vulnerabilities are modest, and the government has reduced debt vulnerabilities significantly and built important financial buffers. Executive Directors have commended authorities’ skillful macroeconomic management that has underpinned Uruguay’s excellent economic performance, ...

Uruguay; Recent Economic Developments

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

1996-01-01

This paper describes economic developments in Uruguay during the 1990s. Real GDP expanded on average by more than 4 percent a year in 1990–94 and fell by 2½ percent in 1995. The rapid growth of output during 1990–94 reflected buoyant external demand from Uruguay’s main trading partners (Argentina and Brazil), as well as progress in strengthening the public finances, reducing wage indexation, opening the economy, and curtailing government intervention. Consumer price inflation fell steadily fr...

Study of the viability of nuclear power generation in Uruguay. V. 1,2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-01-01

This study was carried out to take into consideration the Nuclear Power option in Uruguay. Though Nuclear Power could be useful since year 2000, this does not mean a Nuclear Power station should be necessarily built. In the accomplishment of the nuclear option, next stage to take into account is the comparison of the following: a) 300/600 Mw Nuclear Power station owned by Uruguay; b) 600/1200 Mw Nuclear Power station shared amongst Uruguay and neighboring countries. National energy needs were studied, including previous electric demand studies made by international consultants. National direct resources and support infrastructure were also analysed. Oil, gas, coal and hydraulic options were compared to the nuclear option

The uranium works prospection developed since 1976 in the Republica Oriental del Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-01-01

In this report there are described the works of exploration of uranium developed in the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay from 1976.Then do the precedents and of an analysis of the big zones. Dates structural that compose the geology of the Uruguay, describe the works carried out in general exploration, towards the North-East of the country and of detail in the same zone: Districts Long Hill South and The Canes. Finally, a series of considerations are carried out on the perspectives of uranium in the Uruguay, in relation by the sedimentary areas: Devonian (formation Cerrezuelo) and Gondwana (formation San Gregorio and Three Islands) and, on the crystalline areas, of the center, southwest and this one

Uruguay; Report on Observance of Standards and Codes-Data Module and the Response by the Authorities

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

2001-01-01

The paper provides a summary of Uruguay's practices with respect to the coverage, periodicity, and timeliness of the Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) data categories, and an assessment of the quality of national accounts, prices, fiscal, monetary and financial, and external sector statistics. Uruguay has made good progress recently in improving the dissemination of statistical information. The Internet pages of the Central Bank of Uruguay (BCU) and the National Institute of Statisti...

Groundwater resources in Uruguay: Importance and present use

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montano J; Gagliardi, S; Montano, M.

2005-01-01

Traditionally the use of the water resources in Uruguay was based on the exploitation of surface waters due to the great density of the hydrographic network. The intensive use of the groundwater resources began after 1950, mainly for supplying small towns the country, nowadays this practice covers the 70% of the country. Basically, this evolution was a consequence of the lower cost of the groundwater, its availability and good quality. Since 1980 the use of the groundwater has been intensified even more, mainly with the purpose of satisfying different demands like vegetable plantation irrigation either in the open air or in the entrance of cholera to the country during the 1990 decade trough a program for supplying water to small communities in the frontier area. In addition, it is marked out the use of thermal and flowing aquifers belonging to the Guarani Aquifer System as water suppliers for thermal spas and hotels in a reduced area, eventhough having a great hydric potencial whose exploitation yields one of the major foreing currency entrance because of regional tourism. Moreover, it can be stated that Uruguay do not present an important groundwater weath because of regional tourism. Moreover, it can be stated that Uruguay do not present an important groundwater weath because the 65% of its aquifers are fisurated and the others are pourous with diverse potentiality.

7 CFR 1405.7 - Uruguay Round Agreements Act.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Uruguay Round Agreements Act. In the event the outlays by the United States for domestic support measures... level of domestic support provided by the United States complies with the commitments of the United...

Mineral deposits research in Uruguay. Technical economic part

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raabe, W.

1959-01-01

Technical researches, mineralogical and chemical analysis were carried out in Zapucay and Iman deposit located in Uruguay south America, as a result of that, researchers was described the mineral adherences of the deposits.

Geochemical methodology for gold prospect ion in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spangenber, J.

1987-01-01

This work is about the history of gold prospection in Uruguay. In this study there are considered the geochemical aspects, the gold performance, the applicability to mining prospection and the gold prospection aluvionar

Report to the Republica Oriental del Uruguay government[Study of uranium prospection in Uruguay]; Informe al gobierno de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saad, S

1984-07-01

This report evaluates the works of exploration of Uranium executed in the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay in the period between 1949 and 1983, with the application of geophysical, geochemical and geological methods. There was analyzed all the information relating to the works of own execution or across agreements with companies or foreign organizations. This evaluation includes visits to the principal radioactive indications, including those of the basin Paleozoic and of the Pre cambric of La Calera.

All projects related to Uruguay | IDRC - International Development ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

English · Français ... Business Cooperation and Regional Productive Development in Chile, El Salvador, Paraguay, and Uruguay (TTI). Project. Several studies have shown that some forms of collaborative business networking can have a ...

Current state about the cuaternary knowledge of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anton, D; Goso, H.

1974-01-01

This work is about current state of cuaternary knowledge Uruguayan. It is considered that the cuaternary presented a change from the hot and dry weather of the Pliocene to more humid and colder weather in Uruguay.

Considerations about Santa Catalina Formation northeast of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keidel, J.

1984-01-01

A serial of land deposits placed in Santa Catharina south Brazil, and northeast of Uruguay. Most of them have been composed with a number of marine sediments, marshy region and swamp from upper paleozoic and low mesozoic.

A survey of Senecio spp. affecting livestock in Uruguay and their associated pyrrolizidine alkaloid content

Science.gov (United States)

In Eastern Uruguay there has been a significant increase of seneciosis in grazing livestock with most affected localities related to counties neighboring the Brazilian border. A survey in 28 farms associated with poisoning outbreaks in grazing cattle in Eastern Uruguay was carried out. Fifty populat...

LA LOCALIDAD HISTÓRICO ARQUEOLÓGICA DEL RÍO SAN SALVADOR (SORIANO, URUGUAY The historical archaeological town of Rio San Salvador (Soriano, Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José López Mazz

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Los primeros cronistas de la conquista del Río de la Plata expusieron la diversidad cultural reinante en el área en el siglo XVI. Las investigaciones arqueológicas de los años 60 y 70 confirman, a nivel arqueológico, la intensa ocupación de la que fue objeto esta zona próxima a la confluencia del río Paraná con el río Uruguay. Este trabajo presenta información producida durante un trabajo de diagnóstico realizado en el marco de la llamada Arqueología Pública, en un sitio de ocupación española del siglo XVI ubicado al oriente de dicha confluencia. Los resultados muestran que la ocupación del sitio desde el año 1000 AP está caracterizada por una amplia diversidad de estilos cerámicos. El área constituyó un lugar estratégico para los asentamientos europeos en función de la presencia de redes de intercambio pre existente. La información producida permite afinar la secuencia cronológica prehistórica para el bajo río Uruguay, al tiempo que abre el debate  respecto de la dinámica etnohistórica regional y del rol jugado por este particular asentamiento humano.   Palabras claves: asentamientos europeos, Uruguay, río San Salvador, siglo XVI.    Abstract Early chroniclers of the conquest of the Río de la Plata exposed the cultural diversity prevailing in the area in the sixteenth century. Archaeological research during the 60’s and 70’s confirm an intense occupation of the confluence of the Paraná river and the Uruguay river area. This paper presents information recovered during a diagnostic fieldwork developed on a Spanish settlement from the sixteenth century. The results show an intense occupation of the site since 1000 AP, characterized by a wide variety of ceramic styles. The area was a strategic location for European occupation due to the presence of preexisting exchange networks. Information produced refines prehistoric chronological sequence for lower Uruguay river while opening the discussion about regional

Uruguay: Population Geography of a Troubled Welfare State

Science.gov (United States)

Tata, Robert J.

1977-01-01

Discussed is whether or not Uruguay's elaborate welfare system can be maintained by a deteriorating economy plagued by social tension and political unrest. Historical background is presented, demographic variables are discussed and modern influences are measured. (Author/DB)

Western cratonic domain in Uruguay: geochronology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Peel, F.; Muzio, R.; Ledesma, J.; Guerequiz, R.

2009-01-01

In this article has been studied the Western cratonic in Uruguay are divided into three major units: Piedra Alta Terrane, Valentines Block and Pavas Terrane. Piedra Alta Terrane has of evidence of Neo proterozoic orogenesis . Sarandi del Yi -Arroyo Solis Grande shear zone separate, it from Valentine block . Valentine Block separate it from Pavas terrane by Cueva del Tigre shear zone

Doing Business Economy Profile 2017 : Uruguay

OpenAIRE

World Bank Group

2016-01-01

This economy profile presents the Doing Business indicators for Uruguay. To allow useful comparison, it also provides data for other selected economies (comparator economies) for each indicator. Doing Business 2017 is the 14th in a series of annual reports investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. Economies are ranked on their ease of doing b...

Estado de derecho, gobernabilidad y democracia en Uruguay: presente y escenarios futuros

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Moreira Betancor

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente artículo es abordar el funcionamiento de la democracia en Uruguay a comienzos del siglo xxi, con especial énfasis en las características del Estado de derecho. El trabajo consta de tres partes y un epílogo. En la primera parte se expone brevemente cómo llegó el Frente Amplio al gobierno y cómo gobierna en Uruguay. En la segunda parte se mencionan algunos de los aspectos sustantivos del debate contemporáneo en torno a la calidad de la democracia. En la tercera parte se presentan las características de la democracia en Uruguay, haciendo énfasis en el funcionamiento del Estado de derecho (Rule of Law. A manera de conclusión, el epílogo consta de una serie de reflexiones sobre el Estado de derecho, aplicadas al caso estudiado.

Geographic distribution and conservation status of Caiman latirostris (Crocodylia, Alligatoridae in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudio Borteiro

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Populations of Caiman latirostris are known to occur in Uruguay but their geographic distribution remains uncertain. This work presents anupdate of the species distribution and conservation status in Uruguay. Surveys conducted by the authors confirmed the presence of this species in the previously known distribution range of northwestern Uruguay, where it seems to be widespread and relatively abundant in contrast to earlier reports. We report new localities for C. latirostris, most relevant being those of the Cebollatí and Tacuarí Rivers, and the Pelotas, India Muerta and San Miguel stream basins, which significantly expand its distribution through important wetlands in the eastern part of the country. The overall distribution is coincident with different landscape types, where lagoons, artificial impoundments, livestock waterholes, rivers, streams, creeks and marshes are inhabited by caiman. Illegal non-commercial hunting was detected all over the country.

All projects related to Uruguay | Page 3 | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Research on Innovation Systems and Social Inclusion in Emerging Economies and Beyond: RISSI at ... Program: Networked Economies ... Region: Brazil, South America, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, North and Central America, West Indies.

Prevalence of flavored cigarettes and e-cigarettes in Uruguay : findings from the Wave 5 of the ITC Uruguay survey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego Rodriguez Sendoya

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Background Uruguay has implemented strong tobacco control policies over the years which has resulted in decreased tobacco consumption. However, there is little information about flavored cigarettes and on electronic cigarettes (ECs. EC sales are banned in Uruguay. The purpose of this study is to evaluate consumption of these products. Methods Data is from the International Tobacco Control (ITC Uruguay Wave 5 smokers aged 18 and older in five cities. The sample size was 1,428 smokers. Results The minimum age of onset of smoking was 5 years old and 96% of smokers started smoking before the age of 25. Two out of three (68.6% smokers chose their cigarette brand because of the taste. 72.5% have tried flavored (menthol cigarettes, and1.3% currently smoking menthol brands. Younger age (94% aged 18-24 and smokers with higher education (84% high, 74% medium, 61% low have tried menthol cigarettes associated with. Awareness of ECs was 56% among the smokers, but it is higher among smokers aged 18-24 (62% and smokers with higher education (81%. Among the smokers who had heard of e-cigarettes. 12.8% had tried once (higher under age 24 (24% and higher among smokers with high education level (20%. Among the smokers, 1.3% using EC daily and 1.9% using EC weekly. Conclusions Taste is a very important factor for Uruguayan smokers. Almost all young smokers have tried menthol cigarettes. ECs use is also on the rise, mainly among young peopleand people with higher education. There is a need for monitoring flavored cigarettes and EC consumptionto defining new regulations for them.

Uruguay; Financial System Stability Assessment

OpenAIRE

International Monetary Fund

2013-01-01

The buffers built in the aftermath of Uruguay’s 2002 banking crisis have shielded the financial sector from the effects of the global financial turmoil. Growth has been robust and the outlook continues to be favorable. However, inflation persists but capital inflows have improved, and policy measures have been taken in response. Uruguay exhibits no obvious signs of near-term domestic macrofinancial vulnerability. The external risks to the economy and the financial system come from a fragile g...

All projects related to uruguay | Page 3 | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Topic: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY, INNOVATIONS, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, POVERTY MITIGATION, SOCIAL INEQUALITY, COOPERATION BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONS. Region: Brazil ... Region: Brazil, South America, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, North and Central America, West Indies. Program: ...

Impacto de advertencias sanitarias del empaquetado de cigarros: un análisis comparativo en Brasil, Uruguay y México Assessing the impact of cigarette package health warning labels: a cross-country comparison in Brazil, Uruguay and Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James F Thrasher

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de diferentes advertencias sanitarias (AS. Material y métodos. Se analizaron datos de la Encuesta Internacional para el Control del Tabaco (ITC Survey, un estudio de fumadores adultos en Brasil, Uruguay y México, tres países con distintas AS (con imágenes de sufrimiento humano y órganos enfermos; con imágenes abstractas del riesgo; mensajes de solo texto, respectivamente. Se analizó prominencia e impacto cognitivo de las AS. Resultados. Las AS de Uruguay (que era el único país con AS en la parte frontal del paquete tuvieron una mayor prominencia que en Brasil o México. En México, la gente que tenía un nivel de educación mayor eran mas propensos a leer mensajes de advertencia, mientras que educación no se asoció con prominencia en Brasil o Uruguay. Las AS de Brasil tuvieron un mayor impacto cognitivo y conductual que las AS de Uruguay o México. Las AS de Uruguay generaron un menor impacto cognitivo y conductual que las AS de sólo texto en México. En Brasil, los impactos cognitivos fueron los más fuertes entre fumadores con un bajo nivel educacional. Conclusiones. Este estudio sugiere que las AS tienen el mayor impacto cuando son prominentes (por ej. en el frente y la parte trasera del paquete e incluyen imágenes emocionalmente llamativas que muestran impactos negativos en el cuerpo o sufrimiento humano debido al fumar.Objective. To assess the impact of different health warning labels (HWL. Material and Methods. Data from the International Tobacco Control Survey (ITC Survey were analyzed from adult smokers in Brazil, Uruguay and Mexico, each of which used a different HWL strategy (pictures of human suffering and diseased organs; abstract pictorial representations of risk; and text-only messages, respectively. Main outcomes were HWL salience and cognitive impact. Results. HWLs in Uruguay (which was the only country with a HWL on the front of the package had higher salience than either Brazilian or

Uruguay Mining inventory. Florida fotoplano geochemical prospecting results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Artignan, D.; Vairon, P.

1982-01-01

This work is about the geochemical prospecting carried out in Florida fotoplano within the framework of Uruguay Mining inventory. In this work were covered 660 km2 obtaining 752 samples for study which were analyzed by Plasma Emission Spectrometry in Orleans BRGM laboratories

Biología, medicina y eugenesia en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barrán, Juan Pedro

1999-12-01

Full Text Available In this work are analyzed the deep relationships between biology, medicine and society that were settled down in the Uruguay along the XIX century as well as the process of «medicalization» and «biologization» of the social thought that take place along the first decades of the XX century, and the role that played the eugenic ideas and defenders of eugenics in that process.

En este trabajo se analizan las profundas relaciones entre biología, medicina y sociedad que se establecieron en el Uruguay a lo largo del siglo XIX así como el proceso de medicalización y biologización del pensamiento social que se produce a lo largo de las primeras décadas del siglo XX, y el papel que jugaron en ese proceso las ideas eugénicas y los defensores de la eugenesia.

Uruguay mining inventory. Geochemical prospecting results of the Amarillo aerial map

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Spangenberg, J.

1981-01-01

This report is about the results of the geochemical prospection carried out on the Amarillo aerial map, it placed in the area 24 of Uruguay (G11 section).This prospection was carried out by Geologic Institute team of Uruguay (IGU) with the technical assistance of BRGM. The Amarillo aerial map covers parts of Isla Cristalina. This is the window of the insular precrambrian shelf and it is surounded by geological formation as paleozoic and other more reecently formations too. The precambrian formation are represented by three big whole groups: metamorphic serial; groups of intrusing granites; and metamorphic rocks

Influencing parliamentary debate on labour policy in Uruguay | IDRC ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Influencing parliamentary debate on labour policy in Uruguay ... The study has been presented in international conferences and was recently published in the ... Mini soap operas foster financial education and inclusion of women in Peru.

Renewable energy for rural electrification in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chaer, R.; Zeballos, R.

1994-01-01

The analysis of the possibility of application of the eolic technologies is presented and for the electrification of small rural consumers in the Uruguay, comparing them with the alternative of being connected to the National electric net using the but economic of the systems with return for earth. It was carried out to summary of the existent alternatives in both technologies and it builds to shammer to evaluates it the generation cost and with to classification, for consumption level, of the potential users, it can make to Map of the Uruguay that allows to guide on the solution to adopt according to the consumption level, the distance to the National electric net and according to the characteristics of the wind in the geographical location of the location. All the systems were evaluated on a base of 20 year-old operation keeping in mind the replacements of the materials whose useful life is inferior. In this work, the results of the studies are presented and the followed methodology is shown on a concrete example

The Holocene in the coastal zone of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garcia Rodriguez, F.

2011-07-01

This book represents a compilation of several scientific Holocene paleoenvironmental aspects of the coastal zone in Uruguay. It includes information about geological, geomorphological, evolutionary genetics, paleontological, paleobotanic, paleoclimatological, paleolimnological, paleoceanographic and archeologic aspects. The chapters presented were arbitrated by national and foreign recognized scientists

Uruguay Mining inventory. Minas fotoplano geochemical prospecting results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Artignan, D.; Vairon, P.

1982-01-01

This work is about the geochemical prospecting carried out in Minas fotoplano within the framework of Uruguay Mining inventory. In this work were covered 380 km2 obtaining with 433 samples for study which were analized by Plasma Emission Spectrometry in Orleans BRGM laboratories

All projects related to Uruguay | Page 4 | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

In the La Plata basin, production of industrial crops and biofuels is rapidly ... Region: Argentina, South America, Peru, Uruguay, North and Central America ... Region: Brazil, South America, Chile, Costa Rica, North and Central America, Mexico ...

Uruguay: Milestones in the Regional Evolution of INIS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rebellato, Ana Elda

2015-01-01

My first contact with the IAEA was in 1989 in Moscow, at ATOMINFORM while attending the International Centre for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI) training: INIS Human Resources: On the Job Group Training for Developing INIS Member States. Lectures were given about FIBRE data entry software and searches on INIS CD-ROM. Through the Regional Cooperation Agreement for the Promotion of Nuclear Science and Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean, specifically by the ARCAL X project, modern technologies for access to information were introduced and the creation of INIS Centres was supported. During its execution, from 1985–1992, many countries in the region became members of INIS, including our country, Uruguay. Our involvement in the RLA/0/017 ARCAL XLII Regional Network for Nuclear Information increased after our application for INIS Liaison Officer was submitted by government authorities in Uruguay. This enabled better conditions for the formation of a nuclear Regional Information Network with 15 countries in Latin America

Aspect of the early human occupation in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castineira, C.

2012-01-01

This work is about the studies carried out in the geological sedimentary formation called So pa which is located in the basaltic basin in the north of Uruguay. The results obtained allow to recognize characteristics of the late pleistocene - early holocene as well as geometric morpho metrics aspects

Uruguay project - Metalic silicon manufacturing. Palmar location study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This work is about the Soriano town possibilities offered to Rima Industrial S.A in relation with the metallic silicon project in Uruguay. In this zone there is the Palmar hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 33 MW and its development is part of the Rio Negro river

Conservation status assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of Uruguay Evaluación del estado de conservación de los anfibios y reptiles del Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Canavero

Full Text Available The native species of amphibians and reptiles of Uruguay were categorized according to the IUCN Red List criteria. Out of 47 amphibian species, seven are listed as Critically Endangered (CR, five as Endangered (EN, one as Vulnerable (VU, three as Near Threatened (NT, and two as Data Deficient (DD; the remaining species are considered to be Least Concern (LC. Among the 64 species of reptiles evaluated, one is listed as Critically Endangered (CR, seven as Endangered (EN, two as Vulnerable (VU, one as Near Threatened (NT and seven as Data Deficient (DD; the rest are considered to be Least Concern (LC. The use of these results as an additional criterion in the definition of protected areas in Uruguay will contribute towards the conservation of the aforementioned threatened species and their associated ecosystems.Las especies nativas de anfibios y reptiles de Uruguay fueron categorizadas de acuerdo a los criterios de la Lista Roja de UICN. De las 47 especies de anfibios, siete se encuentran En Peligro Crítico (CR, cinco En Peligro (EN, una Vulnerable (VU, tres Casi Amenazadas (NT, y dos con Datos Deficientes (DD; las especies restantes son consideradas como Preocupación Menor (LC. Entre las 64 especies de reptiles evaluados, una se encuentra en Peligro Crítico (CR, siete En Peligro (EN, dos como Vulnerables (VU, una Casi Amenazadas (NT y siete con Datos Deficientes (DD; las especies restantes son consideradas como Preocupación Menor (LC. El uso de estos resultados como un criterio adicional en la definición de áreas protegidas en Uruguay contribuirá hacia la conservación de dichas especies amenazadas y sus ecosistemas asociados.

New stratigraphic proposal for supra crustal the Dom Feliciano Belt ( Proterozoic , Uruguay )

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Sanchez Bettucci, L.; Oyhantcabal, P.; Pecoits, E.; Aubet, N.; Peel, E.; Basei, M.

2005-01-01

Dom Feliciano Belt (Fragoso Cesar 1980) is represented in Uruguay so Preciozzi et to the. (1991) defined as Dionisio Blade Belt. It brings together all affected units by metamorphism and deformation during the Brasiliano (sensu Almeida et al. 1973) and magmatism in the same age range, which develops constituting a belt in southeastern Uruguay. Various supra crustal successions have been recognized in the Western domain of this belt in Uruguay, namely Fm. Zanja del Tigre (Sanchez-Bettucci 1998), Lavalleja Group (Bossi 1966), Arroyo del Soldado Group (Gaucher et al. 1996) and Formations Playa Hermosa (Masquelin and Sanchez Bettucci 1993) and Las Ventanas (Midot 1984), among others. The Group has been Lavalleja correlated with Porongos Group and the Brazilian Brusque Metamorphic Complex (Hasui et al. 1975; Silva and Dias 1981). This group has a granitic basement-probably associated gnéissico to Block Valentines (Preciozzi et al. 1979) and the Land Pavas, aged Paleoproterozoicas and Archean (Hartmann et al. 2001). It comprises varied lithologies, metasedimentary; metavolcanic acid; basic and metagabbros metavolcanic

Une révolution numérique dans les salles de classe de l'Uruguay ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

28 janv. 2011 ... La mise en oeuvre de ce projet pilote est assurée par le Laboratorio Tecnológio del Uruguay. Les responsables ambitionnent de fournir des portables à tous les élèves du primaire en Uruguay d'ici 2009. Le Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), organisme canadien, aide au ...

All projects related to uruguay | Page 4 | IDRC - International ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

2013-10-16

End Date: October 16, 2013. Topic: PEACE RESEARCH, CONFLICT RESOLUTION, DEMOCRATIZATION, ECONOMIC RECONSTRUCTION, Economic and social development. Region: Argentina, South America, Brazil, Chile, Haiti, North and Central America, Mexico, Uruguay. Total Funding: CA$ 1,549,100.00. Impact 2.0 ...

Computing and Education in Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Sadowsky, Manuel

Although the report is specifically about Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay, the considerations presented are valid for all of Latin America. In September, 1969, Argentina had approximately 200 electronic computers. The annual growth is estimated at 15-20% and the implementation of teleprocessing and time-sharing systems have made evident the…

Mining inventory of Uruguay. Polanco fotoplano geochemical prospecting results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H; Artignan, D; Vairon, P

1982-01-01

This work is about the geochemical prospecting carried out in Polanco fotoplano within the framework of Uruguay Mining inventory . In this work were covered 660 km2 obtaining 685 samples for study which were analyzed by Plasma Emission Spectrometry in Orleans BRGM laboratories

Mining inventory of Uruguay : Uranium; Inventario Minero Nacional : Uranio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1983-07-01

With the aim of Uruguay Uranium prospecting in this document has been summarized the following items: lithostratigraphy, background, economics aspects, radiation measuring, geochemistry, geophysics in Yerba Sola, Magnolia, Paso Amarillo, La Mercedes, Puntas de Abrojal, Las Chircas, La Divisa, Chuy, Apretado and Frayle Muerto.

Uruguay Mining inventory. Las Animas fotoplano geochemical prospecting results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Spangenberg, J.

1981-01-01

This work is about the geochemical prospecting carried out in Las Animas fotoplano within the framework of Uruguay Mining inventory. In this work were covered 660 km2 obtaining 738 samples for study which were analyzed by Plasma Emission Spectrometry in Orleans BRGM laboratories.

Importance of phosphate and exploration alternatives in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spoturno, J.

1986-03-01

This work is about the importance of some considerations of phosphates in the agricultural inputs market of Uruguay. At the same time are exposed a Geo structural draft and are analyzed different alternatives of exploration taking into account the current state of geological knowledge in the country as well as the anomalies in different areas

Cross-fertilization between genetically modified and non-genetically modified maize crops in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Galeano, Pablo; Debat, Claudio Martínez; Ruibal, Fabiana; Fraguas, Laura Franco; Galván, Guillermo A

2010-01-01

The cultivation of genetically modified (GM) Bt maize (Zea mays L.) events MON810 and Bt11 is permitted in Uruguay. Local regulations specify that 10% of the crop should be a non-GM cultivar as refuge area for biodiversity, and the distance from other non-GM maize crops should be more than 250 m in order to avoid cross-pollination. However, the degree of cross-fertilization between maize crops in Uruguay is unknown. The level of adventitious presence of GM material in non-GM crops is a relevant issue for organic farming, in situ conservation of genetic resources and seed production. In the research reported here, the occurrence and frequency of cross-fertilization between commercial GM and non-GM maize crops in Uruguay was assessed. The methodology comprised field sampling and detection using DAS-ELISA and PCR. Five field-pair cases where GM maize crops were grown near non-GM maize crops were identified. These cases had the potential to cross-fertilize considering the distance between crops and the similarity of the sowing dates. Adventitious presence of GM material in the offspring of non-GM crops was found in three of the five cases. Adventitious presence of event MON810 or Bt11 in non-GM maize, which were distinguished using specific primers, matched the events in the putative sources of transgenic pollen. Percentages of transgenic seedlings in the offspring of the non-GM crops were estimated as 0.56%, 0.83% and 0.13% for three sampling sites with distances of respectively 40, 100 and 330 m from the GM crops. This is a first indication that adventitious presence of transgenes in non-GM maize crops will occur in Uruguay if isolation by distance and/or time is not provided. These findings contribute to the evaluation of the applicability of the "regulated coexistence policy" in Uruguay. © ISBR, EDP Sciences, 2011.

Short communication. Sensory evaluation of commercial beef produced in Uruguay and three European countries

OpenAIRE

San-Julián, R.; Campo, M. M.; Nute, G.; Montossi, F.; Font-i-Furnols, M.; Guerrero, L.; Oliver, M. A.; Sañudo, C.

2012-01-01

The main goal of this study was to characterize and compare the organoleptic quality of beef from Uruguay and from three European countries. In Uruguay, 40 Hereford steers were raised exclusively under grazing conditions up to either two or three years old. Meat samples were aged for 20 days, matching commercial conditions. In Europe, one commercial local beef type, with two ageing times (7 and 20 days), from Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom were compared with Uruguayan beef samples, usi...

Assessing the impact of cigarette package health warning labels: a cross-country comparison in Brazil, Uruguay, and Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Thrasher, James F; Villalobos, Victor; Szklo, André; Fong, Geoffrey T; Pérez, Cristina; Sebrié, Ernesto; Sansone, Natalie; Figueiredo, Valeska; Boado, Marcelo; Arillo-Santillán, Edna; Bianco, Eduardo

2015-01-01

Objective To assess the impact of different health warning labels (HWL). Material and Methods Data from the International Tobacco Control Survey (ITC Survey) were analyzed from adult smokers in Brazil, Uruguay and Mexico, each of which used a different HWL strategy (pictures of human suffering and diseased organs; abstract pictorial representations of risk; and text-only messages, respectively). Main outcomes were HWL salience and cognitive impact. Results HWLs in Uruguay (which was the only country with a HWL on the front of the package) had higher salience than either Brazilian or Mexican packs. People at higher levels of educational attainment in Mexico were more likely to read the text-only HWLs whereas education was unassociated with salience in Brazil or Uruguay. Brazilian HWLs had greater cognitive impacts than HWLs in either Uruguay or Mexico. HWLs in Uruguay generated lower cognitive impacts than the text-only HWLs in Mexico. In Brazil, cognitive impacts were strongest among smokers with low educational attainment. Conclusions This study suggests that HWLs have the most impact when they are prominent (i.e., front and back of the package) and include emotionally engaging imagery that illustrates negative bodily impacts or human suffering due to smoking. PMID:21243191

Community-Associated MRSA in Uruguay

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an antibiotic-resistant bacterium that is typically associated with infections in healthcare settings. In the past couple of decades, MRSA has emerged in the community, most often causing skin infections in healthy people who haven't recently been hospitalized. After an increase in community cases in Uruguay in 2004, health officials investigated to learn more about what was happening and found some interesting trends. In this podcast, CDC's Dr. Stephen Benoit discusses what they learned, the results of which are published in the August 2008 issue of CDC's journal, Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Uruguay Energy Supply Options Study: a Detailed Multi-Sector Integrated Energy Supply and Demand Analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conzelmann, G.; Veselka, T.

1997-01-01

Uruguay is in the middle of making critical decisions affecting the design of its future energy supply system.Momentum for change is expected to come from several directions including recent and foreseeable upgrades and modifications to energy conversion facilities, the importation of natural gas from Argentina, the possibility for a stronger interconnection of regional electricity systems, the country s membership in MERCOSUR, and the potential for energy sector reforms by the Government of Uruguay.The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of several fuel diversification strategies on Uruguay s energy supply system.The analysis pays special attention to fuel substitution trends due to potential imports of natural gas via a gas pipeline from Argentina and increasing electricity ties with neighboring countries.The Government of Uruguay contracted Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to study several energy development scenario ns with the support of several Uruguayan Institutions.Specifically, ANL was asked to conduct a detailed energy supply and demand analysis, develop energy demand projections based on an analysis of past energy demand patterns with support from local institutions, evaluate the effects of potential natural gas imports and electricity exchanges, and determine the market penetration of natural gas under various scenarios

Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-04

and 2006, however, councils were only convened for the construction, health, transport, and state sectors. “Uruguay risk: Labour market risk...more than 500,000 Uruguayan citizens residing abroad the right to vote absentee . Currently, Uruguayans must return to the country in order to cast a

Long-term flow forecasts based on climate and hydrologic modeling: Uruguay River basin

Science.gov (United States)

Tucci, Carlos Eduardo Morelli; Clarke, Robin Thomas; Collischonn, Walter; da Silva Dias, Pedro Leite; de Oliveira, Gilvan Sampaio

2003-07-01

This paper describes a procedure for predicting seasonal flow in the Rio Uruguay drainage basin (area 75,000 km2, lying in Brazilian territory), using sequences of future daily rainfall given by the global climate model (GCM) of the Brazilian agency for climate prediction (Centro de Previsão de Tempo e Clima, or CPTEC). Sequences of future daily rainfall given by this model were used as input to a rainfall-runoff model appropriate for large drainage basins. Forecasts of flow in the Rio Uruguay were made for the period 1995-2001 of the full record, which began in 1940. Analysis showed that GCM forecasts underestimated rainfall over almost all the basin, particularly in winter, although interannual variability in regional rainfall was reproduced relatively well. A statistical procedure was used to correct for the underestimation of rainfall. When the corrected rainfall sequences were transformed to flow by the hydrologic model, forecasts of flow in the Rio Uruguay basin were better than forecasts based on historic mean or median flows by 37% for monthly flows and by 54% for 3-monthly flows.

Area Handbook Series: Uruguay, A Country Study.

Science.gov (United States)

1990-12-01

de la Banda Oriental, 1982. Faroppa, Luis, Marisa Buchelli, Alberto Couriel, and Alberto Ben- si6n. Cuatro tesis sobre la situacidn econdmica nacional...mercado de carnes. Montevideo: Fun- daci6n de Cultura Universitaria, 1979. -___ Modelo Batllista: ý Variacidn sobre un viejo tema ? Montevideo: Editorial...Uruguay.: Desde sus origenes hasta 1930. ( Temas del Siglo XX series.) Montevideo: Ediciones de la Banda Oriental, 1984. Elizaincin, Adolfo. "The Emergence

Traditional application of slates in Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Morales Demarco, Manuela; Cardenes Van den Eynde, Víctor

2017-04-01

Commercial slates in Uruguay are represented by dolomitic and pelitic slates, which are known in the local market with the generic name of "piedra laja". The dolomitic slates, or more precisely the "slaty dolomitic semipelites" and "slaty dolomitic metacarbonate rocks" (following the nomenclature of the British Geological Survey for metamorphic rocks, Robertson 1999), dominates the production since 1960. The mining started in a quarry called "Libro Gigante", which means "giant book" in Spanish, as the slaty cleavage of these rocks is almost vertical, which resembles a book when looked from far away. These slates integrate the Lavalleja Group, a unit that comprises the schist belt of the Neoproterozoic Dom Feliciano Belt that crops out in south-eastern Uruguay. According to Morales Demarco et al (2013), there are two active slate mining districts in this region: the northern, called "Arroyo Minas Viejas Mining District", from where light grey, light and dark green and green-red slate varieties are mined, and the southern called "Arroyo Mataojo Mining District" and where only dark grey slates are extracted. Few kilometres eastern from these districts, and still in Lavalleja Group, a quarry of slaty dolomitic pelite is found with sporadic production. Far to the east, the slaty muscovitic pelites of Rocha Group are mined from one quarry in "Puntas del Chafalote". The traditional applications of these slates in the country are as façade cladding and floor slabs, both indoor and outdoor. The potential use of the dolomitic slates as roofing slates has been investigated and discarded by Morales Demarco et al (2013), as the slabs resulting from splitting are too thick (0.5 to 2 cm) and thus too heavy for this application. The parameter that controls the fissility of slates is the mass value (Bentz and Martini, 1968; DIN EN 12326-2, 2000) and is very important to determine their potential applications. It takes into account the number of mica layers per mm and the average

Política fiscal, asequibilidad y efectos cruzados de precios en la demanda de productos de tabaco: el caso de Uruguay Fiscal policy, affordability and cross effects in the demand for tobacco products: the case of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Ramos Carbajales

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Uruguay es un país que desde 2005 ha realizado una política activa de control del tabaco. Sin embargo, la evolución de la demanda del total de productos de tabaco muestra un descenso insignificante en los últimos cinco años, lo que es contrario a lo esperado. La hipótesis es que el fuerte crecimiento del ingreso de los hogares unido a una elasticidad-ingreso de la demanda de cigarrillos cercana a 1 fue uno de los factores que contrarrestó el aumento real en los precios vía impuestos. El aumento en el ingreso de los hogares fue de 36% en términos reales en el periodo 2005-2009 debido a la fuerte recuperación luego de la crisis del año 2002. Por otro lado, un segundo factor explicativo importante de la demanda de cigarrillos en el Uruguay es la sustituibilidad entre cigarrillos y tabaco de armar. El impuesto y precio del tabaco de armar sigue siendo sustancialmente más bajo que el del cigarrillo, de forma que en los últimos años la cantidad demandada de tabaco de armar ha subido. El trabajo consistió entonces en revisitar un estudio de demanda realizado en 2004 por los autores y volver a estimar una función demanda de los dos productos principales de tabaco en el Uruguay (cigarrillos y tabaco de armar, lo que permite estimar las elasticidades precio, ingreso y cruzadas. A partir de estas estimaciones se realiza un ejercicio de simular alternativas de incrementos de impuestos con lo que se evalúa qué aumentos son necesarios para realmente impactar sobre la demanda en un escenario de crecimiento del ingreso de los hogares moderado de 2.5% anual y alto de 5% anual. Se confirma que se necesitan aumentos de impuestos muy superiores a los verificados en el último quinquenio.Uruguay, a country with a solid tobacco control policy since 2005 shows, contrary to expectations, an insignificant decrease in total tobacco products' sales in the last five years. The hypothesis is that on one side, changes in household income and the income

Contribution to the knowledge of the Val le Chico Uruguay formation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pirelli, H.

1999-01-01

This research has been designed to contribute with Val le Chico Uruguay formation knowledge, taking into the alkaline type tectonic environment, geochronology, granitoid types, lithologies and mineralizations existing in the area

Tributación del Sector Transporte de Carga en Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Pedro Buonomo

2004-01-01

El objetivo general de este estudio es determinar la carga tributaria efectiva que incide sobre el transporte de cargas, en particular para los modos transporte terrestre (camión) y transporte aéreo, en la República Oriental del Uruguay.

Latin American special project: kidney health cooperation project between Uruguay and Bolivia.

Science.gov (United States)

Sola, Laura; Plata-Cornejo, Raúl; Fernández-Cean, Juan

2015-01-01

Uruguay and Bolivia are two countries that show heterogenicity of the Latin American region, including the national income, the expenditure on health and the services for renal care. In Bolivia, there is manpower shortage for renal care with only 5 nephrologists per million people (pmp) and the prevalence of patients on dialysis is only 200 pmp. This is much lower than the mean prevalence rate of renal replacement therapy for Latin America as a whole. Uruguay on the other hand has more dedicated renal resources with 50 nephrologists pmp, and renal replacement therapy is provided to ~ 1,000 dialysis patients pmp. In November 2012, a collaborative project financed by the Uruguayan International Cooperation Agency was signed by both the Uruguay and Bolivia Ministries of Health, and the goal was to develop a comprehensive program for the prevention and management of all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Bolivia. The specific objectives were to: a) promote renal healthcare in the primary healthcare setting, b) identify kidney disease in populations at risk, and c) optimize patient care at all stages of CKD, including dialysis and transplantation supported with a national ESRD registry in Bolivia. As a first step, delegates from the Bolivian Health Ministry, visited Uruguay in April 2014, primarily to strengthen the development of tools required for developing and maintaining a national registry. In addition, during this visit, a meeting with the president of the Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension (SLANH) culminated in designing a training program for peritoneal dialysis. This highly cooperative relationship is advancing the prevention and care of CKD in Bolivia and may serve as a model for international approaches to advance system level CKD care in countries with limited healthcare resources.

Kepentingan Pemerintah Uruguay Melegalisasi Ganja Pada Masa Pemerintahan Jose Alberto Mujica Cordano Tahun 2010-2015

OpenAIRE

Nainggolan, Pebrianto; Yelta, Den

2015-01-01

This study explain about Uruguay government interests to legalization marijuana in the reign of Jose Alberto Mujica Cordano in 2013. Uruguay is a first country who legalize cultivation, distribution, and consumtion of marijuana in the world. Marijuana is plant which producing a fiber, but better known as narcotic substance in the seeds that can make the user feeling pleasure without cause. This regulation was first proposed by Jose Alberto Mujica Cordano and approved by parlament and senate. ...

Evaluation of dolomitic resources of Uruguay (Minas - Pan de Azucar Region)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arrighetti, R; Pirelli, H.; Gianotti, V.; humberto.pirelli@dinamige.miem.gub.uy

2007-01-01

This investigation tries - through Phase I and Phase II stages - to get and estimation of the volume of dolomite resources by means of prospecting the region between the city of Minas and the Pan de Azucar hill, Uruguay; with the objective of achieve a reactivation of this area, increasing job offer, commerce, industrial production and construction activities. Phase I is intended to add valuable information about the precise location of calcareous bodies, their basic features, its geochemical characterization and definition of bodies to be studied with higher detail in Phase II. This second stage points to get an evaluation of the Inferred Resources using 1:10 000 maps and lithological sampling networks to obtain a geochemical characterization of the rocky bodies and the core samples extracted by drilling.Keywords: dolomite, exploration, evaluation, Uruguay. (author)

78 FR 68327 - Importation of Ovine Meat From Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

2013-11-14

... thus has no bearing on this rulemaking. Goat Meat One commenter expressed concern that inspectors may... goats. It is unlikely that a facility would slaughter a goat and present its meat as ovine meat. As.... APHIS-2008-0085] RIN 0579-AD17 Importation of Ovine Meat From Uruguay AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health...

Geology of Sierra de San Miguel area Rocha department (Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muzio, R.; Veroslavsky, G.; Morales, E. . E mail: rossana@fcien.edu.uy

2004-01-01

This paper is part of a regional study about Mesozoic magmatism, tectonics and sedimentation in Uruguay. As a result of the geological studies carried out in Sierra de San Miguel area (Rocha department), lithological descriptions, their stratigraphic relationships and their petrographic characterization are presented [es

Language Policies in Uruguay and Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU)

Science.gov (United States)

Behares, Luis Ernesto; Brovetto, Claudia; Crespi, Leonardo Peluso

2012-01-01

In the first part of this article the authors consider the policies that apply to Uruguayan Sign Language (Lengua de Senas Uruguaya; hereafter LSU) and the Uruguayan Deaf community within the general framework of language policies in Uruguay. By analyzing them succinctly and as a whole, the authors then explain twenty-first-century innovations.…

Integrative and sustantibility management of the underground water in America Latina. Sustantibility management of Raigon Aquifer. Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1984-01-01

This work is a Project which was carried out with the participation of Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. These countries carried out eleven hydrogeolical studies with conventional and isotopic methods.The aim of this project is improve the hydrogeologic knowledge. In Uruguay the interest of its study was The Raigon System Aquifer which was denominated as maintained gestion of Raigon Aquifer.

El retiro de Uruguay de las negociaciones del TISA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Florencia Salgueiro Rubio

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo, enfocado desde el punto de vista del Análisis de Política Exterior, busca determinar las razones por las cuales Uruguay se retiró de las negociaciones del TISA (Trade in Services Agreement, en setiembre de 2015. Se toma como punto de partida el análisis de negociaciones internacionales a doble nivel de Putnam, con el objetivo de explicar qué determinantes internas y externas desencadenaron la decisión presidencial de abandonar la negociación del acuerdo. Los principales factores a tener en cuenta incluyen las coaliciones e ideologías de los más importantes actores políticos y sociales a nivel nacional, el impacto de las instituciones que regulan la ratificación de acuerdos internacionales en el país, el estilo de toma de decisión del presidente Tabaré Vázquez y la dimensión ideacional de la inserción internacional del Uruguay según las percepciones de sus principales actores.

Proyecto de formación universitaria en Inteligencia Territorial : Uruguay 2012-2016 en Minas, Lavalleja

OpenAIRE

Bozzano, Horacio Rodolfo

2012-01-01

Este proyecto de formación universitaria en Inteligencia Territorial y Transformación nació en 2008 en Minas, capital del Departamento de Lavalleja, de la articulación de factores socio-territoriales, institucionales y científicos; continuó luego con la Intendencia de Lavalleja, el Parlamento del Mercosur, el GDRI-INTI, el MEC Ministerio de Educación y Cultura del Uruguay y actualmente, el CLAEH, instituto universitario del Uruguay. El objetivo es la formación de agentes de cambio y sujetos d...

Solar energy in Uruguay. Increase the use of solar panels

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matos, V.

2010-01-01

This article is about the future of the solar energy in Uruguay. The main aspects of this kind of energy are solar thermic which is used for cooking food and heating water through solar collectors as well as the photovoltaics which allows the generation of electricity

Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in freshwaters of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sylvia Bonilla

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Cyanobacterial blooms are a worldwide environmental problem. This phenomenon is typically associated with eutrophication (nutrient enrichment and changes in hydrology. In this study we analysed the distribution of planktonic cyanobacteria in Uruguay and their toxins (microcystin, saxitoxin and cylindrospermopsin, working with an interagency team (OSE, DINAMA, IM, University of the Republic and IIBCE. An historical data base (n = 3061 for 64 ecosystems, years 1980-2014 was generated. Differences between lotic and lentic ecosystems were found in terms of chlorophyll a and nutrient concentrations, usually indicating eutrophication. Two geo-referenced maps for the country were generated with cyanobacteria biomass indicators and the most relevant toxin (microcystin, according to risk levels suggested by the World Health Organization for recreational waters. The areas of greatest risk of exposure were the reservoirs of large rivers (Uruguay and Río Negro and Río de la Plata beaches. In the second part of the study, up to 20 mg L-1of microcystin was quantified in bloom (scum samples, as well as the presence of genes that suggest more microcystin varieties, potentially with greater toxicity. This study provides basic information about the distribution of cyanobacteria in Uruguayan freshwaters that will be useful for national monitoring programs and scientific research.

A New "Shield of the Weak": Continued Paternalism of Domestic Violence Services in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Bloom, Allison

2018-03-01

Drawing on ethnographic and historical research, this article illuminates the limitations of the Uruguayan domestic violence services system. In spite of how advocates in Uruguay successfully used a human rights platform to secure legislation and services, this system now faces significant critique. Using Iris Marion Young's work on the "logic of masculinist protection" and historical parallels in Uruguay's welfare system, I discuss how a paternalistic approach may be to blame. I highlight how this paternalism contributes to the paternalism that problematically underlies gendered violence-reinforcing rather than addressing oppressive ideologies and structures that impede improving conditions for women.

Paleoescatology in the sopas formation (Upper Pleistocene) form Uruguay, paleobilogic focus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verde, M.; Ubilla, M.; Soloviy, J.

1998-01-01

Continental tetrapod coprolites are reported for the first time for Uruguay, these remains come from the Sopas Formation (Upper Pleistocene). They are assigned to carnivore mammals based on morphology and inclusions of micrommmal remains besides of other attributes.(author)

Prevalence of Escherichia coli adhesion-related genes in neonatal calf diarrhea in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Umpiérrez, Ana; Acquistapace, Sofía; Fernández, Sofía; Oliver, Martín; Acuña, Patricia; Reolón, Eduardo; Zunino, Pablo

2016-05-31

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), one of the most important diseases of neonatal dairy and beef calves in Uruguay, has become relevant in association with intensive systems. This disease generates substantial economic losses every year worldwide as a result of increased morbidity and mortality. Escherichia coli, one of the pathogens associated with NCD, can express several fimbrial and afimbrial adhesins. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of clpG, f5, f17A, f17G(II), and f17G(I) genes that encode three important adhesins expressed in diarrheagenic E. coli: F5, F17 and CS31A, isolated from feces of calves in Uruguay. Feces of 86 (70 diarrheic and 16 healthy) calves, from 15 animal facilities in Uruguay, were collected between 2012 and 2013. Biochemical and molecular identification were performed to finally obtain 298 E. coli isolates. Partial amplification of adhesion-related genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction. The most prevalent gene was f17A (31.2%), followed by f17G(II), clpG, f17G(I) and f5 (25.8%, 17.5%, 3.7% and 0.7%, respectively). All genes were present in diarrheic and healthy animals except f5 and f17G(I); these genes were present only in affected calves, although in low numbers. This is the first report of the presence of F5, F17, and CS31A genes in E. coli strains from NCD cases in Uruguay. Prevalence values of the genes, except f5, were in accordance with regional findings. It is expected that further characterization of locally transmitted strains will contribute to control a problem of regional and international magnitude.

Community-Associated MRSA in Uruguay

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2008-08-05

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an antibiotic-resistant bacterium that is typically associated with infections in healthcare settings. In the past couple of decades, MRSA has emerged in the community, most often causing skin infections in healthy people who haven't recently been hospitalized. After an increase in community cases in Uruguay in 2004, health officials investigated to learn more about what was happening and found some interesting trends. In this podcast, CDC's Dr. Stephen Benoit discusses what they learned, the results of which are published in the August 2008 issue of CDC's journal, Emerging Infectious Diseases.  Created: 8/5/2008 by Emerging Infectious Diseases.   Date Released: 8/7/2008.

Tres leyes innovadoras en Uruguay: Aborto, matrimonio homosexual y regulación de la marihuana

OpenAIRE

Arocena, Felipe; Aguiar, Sebastián

2017-01-01

Uruguay sorprendió al mundo en 2013 por tres leyes aprobadas en poco más de un año: el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo, la despenalización del aborto y la regulación de la marihuana. En este trabajo, desarrollaremos el contenido de estas normas, exploraremos algunas de las principales causas de su aprobación en este momento histórico del país, y, finalmente, discutiremos las probables virtudes y problemas de las respectivas implementaciones Uruguay shocked the world in 2013 with t...

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness in Uruguay: results of a nationwide survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Gallarreta, Marcelo; Furtado, João M; Lansingh, Van C; Silva, Juan Carlos; Limburg, Hans

2014-10-01

To investigate and describe the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment in older adults living in Uruguay. All individuals aged ≥ 50 years old living in randomly selected clusters were eligible to participate. In each census enumeration unit selected, 50 residents aged 50 years and older were chosen to participate in the study using compact segment sampling. The study participants underwent visual acuity (VA) measurement and lens examination; those with presenting VA (PVA) glaucoma (14.3%) were the main causes of blindness. Prevalence of SVI and MVI was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.5-1.3) and 7.9% (95% CI: 6.0-9.7) respectively. Cataract was the main cause of SVI (65.7%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (14.3%), which was the main cause of MVI (55.2%). Cataract surgical coverage was 76.8% (calculated by eye) and 91.3% (calculated by individual). Of all eyes operated for cataract, 70.0% could see ≥ 20/60 and 15.3% could not see 20/200 post-surgery. Prevalence of blindness in Uruguay is low compared to other Latin American countries, but further reduction is feasible. Due to Uruguay's high cataract surgical coverage and growing proportion of people ≥ 50 years old, the impact of posterior pole diseases as a contributing factor to blindness might increase in future.

Los costos del crimen en Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Diego Aboal; Jorge Campanella; Bibiana Lanzilotta

2013-01-01

En este trabajo se estiman algunos de los costos asociados a la criminalidad y la violencia en Uruguay. El método utilizado es el de la contabilidad de costos. Entre los costos considerados se incluyen costos de seguridad y prevención del delito, de justicia, reclusión y rehabilitación de reclusos, costos de bienes robados, costos de salud y por pérdida de vidas a consecuencia de la violencia, y costos asociados a la pérdida de tiempo productivo en prisión de los reclusos. Para esto se ha uti...

Uruguay mining Inventory: geochemical prospecting results of Cerro de las Cuentas mapping

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spangenberg, J.; Filippini, J.

1986-01-01

This work is about the geochemical prospecting carried out into the Uruguay mining inventory framework. In this case the survey was in Cerro de las Cuentas mapping. Cerro Largo department. Scale 1 / 50000.

Exploration of Uranium. Report to the Government of the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; Prospeccion de uranio. Informe al gobierno de la Republica Oriental del Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muset, J A [International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria)

1979-07-01

The Government of Uruguay with IAEA assistance carried out the Uranium prospection project and the evolution of uraniferous minerals resources on this country soil. Several arrangement were did such as the recollection and analysis of the geologic material. The Uranium project began with radiometric anomalies and out crops.

Evolución del espacio de productos exportados: ¿está Uruguay en el lugar equivocado?

OpenAIRE

Vaillant, Marcel; Ferreira-Coimbra, Natalia

2009-01-01

This paper studies the pattern of trade specialization (PTE) of Uruguay and the dynamics that characterized it throughout the last twenty years. From a descriptive analysis of the PTE is used the methodological framework of the product space developed by Haussman et al (2007) to site Uruguay in terms of its commercial specialization. The EP is the network of relationships that are established between products that are internationally traded. There is a link between the value of each product a...

Uruguay mining inventory. Geochemical prospecting results of the Las Flores aerial map[Study of Uranium geochemical prospection in Uruguay]; Inventario minero del Uruguay. Resultados de la prospeccion geoquimica del fotoplano Las Flores

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeegers, H; Bonnefoy, D; Garau, M; Spangenberg, J

1981-07-01

In the context of the Uruguay mining inventory, the aerial photography map Las Flores had been covered by a specific strategic which included geochemical prospecting elements. The surface covered has the 550 km2, and 1042 samples which they have been analized in Orleans France. 22 elements by plasma spectroscopy and gold by atomic absorption and for uranium laser spectroscopy . They have been evidenced the following anomalies: gold, Pb, Pb-Ba-Cu, Ba and Ni-Cr.

Brief Counseling on Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia Alemán

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Argentina and Uruguay have a high prevalence of smoking during pregnancy, as well as of secondhand smoke (SHS exposure. In this secondary analysis of a trial to implement brief smoking cessation counseling during antenatal care in Argentina and Uruguay, we aim to evaluate the effects of the intervention on the rates of self-reported SHS exposure at home and at work, and on attitudes recalled by non-smoker women enrolled in the intervention group compared with the control group. We randomly assigned (1:1 20 antenatal care clusters in Argentina and Uruguay to receive a multifaceted intervention to implement brief smoking cessation counseling, which also included questions and counseling regarding SHS exposure, or to receive the standard of care. There was not a statistically significant difference between groups of the intervention’s effect (reduction of exposure to SHS on any of the three exposure outcome measures (exposure at home, work or other indoor areas or on the attitudes of women regarding exposure (avoiding breathing SHS and having rooms where smoking is forbidden. This analysis shows that we should not expect reductions in SHS exposure with this modest intervention alone. To achieve such reductions, strategies engaging partners and other household members may be more effective.

Brief Counseling on Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Alemán, Alicia; Morello, Paola; Colomar, Mercedes; Llambi, Laura; Berrueta, Mabel; Gibbons, Luz; Buekens, Pierre; Althabe, Fernando

2016-12-29

Argentina and Uruguay have a high prevalence of smoking during pregnancy, as well as of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. In this secondary analysis of a trial to implement brief smoking cessation counseling during antenatal care in Argentina and Uruguay, we aim to evaluate the effects of the intervention on the rates of self-reported SHS exposure at home and at work, and on attitudes recalled by non-smoker women enrolled in the intervention group compared with the control group. We randomly assigned (1:1) 20 antenatal care clusters in Argentina and Uruguay to receive a multifaceted intervention to implement brief smoking cessation counseling, which also included questions and counseling regarding SHS exposure, or to receive the standard of care. There was not a statistically significant difference between groups of the intervention's effect (reduction of exposure to SHS) on any of the three exposure outcome measures (exposure at home, work or other indoor areas) or on the attitudes of women regarding exposure (avoiding breathing SHS and having rooms where smoking is forbidden). This analysis shows that we should not expect reductions in SHS exposure with this modest intervention alone. To achieve such reductions, strategies engaging partners and other household members may be more effective.

Uruguay : tous les projets | Page 5 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Région: Argentina, South America, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, North and Central America, Uruguay. Programme: Emploi et croissance. Financement total : CA$ 352,841.00. Participation sociale à la santé au sein du MERCOSUR. Projet. Avec l'aide du CRDI, l'Instituto de la Salud, Medio Ambiente, Economia y ...

Uruguay : tous les projets | Page 3 | CRDI - Centre de recherches ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

, Mexico, Uruguay ... Selon les données estimatives de l'Organisation panaméricaine de la santé (2004), la population des villes d'Amérique latine et des Caraïbes - évaluée à 300 millions d'habitants - produit chaque jour 225 000 tonnes de ...

A nationwide survey on seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in beef cattle in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Bañales, Pedro; Fernandez, Leandro; Repiso, María V; Gil, Andres; Dargatz, David A; Osawa, Takeshi

2006-06-30

Bovine abortions due to Neospora caninum infection have been reported worldwide and its economic impact on the beef industry has been acknowledged as a problem. Uruguay has the largest export value of beef per acre in South America. However, no data on the prevalence of N. caninum infection have been available in this country. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of N. caninum infection in beef cattle in Uruguay through a nationwide survey. A two stage sampling design was used with farms being selected in stage one and animals being selected in stage two. A brief questionnaire was administered on each farm. Seroprevalence of N. caninum in 4444 beef cattle from 229 farms in all the counties, except Montevideo, of Uruguay was determined by an ELISA. The data were then analyzed to identify associations between infection and variables such as type of animal (cow or heifer), herd size, use of veterinary advice, productivity of the soil in relation to the national average, use of improved grass, use of mineral salts, use of supplemental feed, and presence of a dog(s) on the farm. The estimated proportion of positive farms for all the beef cattle operations was 69.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 53.7-84.7). The overall cattle seroprevalence was estimated as 13.9% (95% CI, 11.6-16.3). The prevalence estimation by animal category was 14.3% (95% CI, 11.4-17.2) for beef cows and 12.9% (95% CI, 10.0-15.8) for beef heifers. There was no significant difference in the estimated prevalence between the two animal types. There was no significant difference in the animal level prevalence of N. caninum infection among different herd sizes. None of the herd demographic or management variables was significantly associated with the seropositivity to N. caninum infection. In conclusion, these results show that N. caninum infection is common among beef herds across Uruguay. Since the beef industry is one of the key industries in Uruguay, the

Geographic distribution and apparent decline of Crotalus durissus terrificus (Laurenti, 1768; Serpentes, Viperidae) in Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Prigioni, Carlos M.; Borteiro, Claudio; Kolenc, Francisco; Colina, Marcelo; González, Enrique M.

2013-01-01

The rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus (Laurenti, 1768; Serpentes, Viperidae) is a rare species in Uruguay, where it reaches the southern boundaries of its distribution. The most recent distribution map available for this species in Uruguay is based on a few specimens that were collected during the 1950s and 1960s. Herein, we make a comprehensive account of rattlesnake records in this country obtained from herpetological literature and other bibliographic sources, specimens accessioned ...

Self-propelled prospection methodology: first results obtained in the northeast basin (Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, H; Spoturno, J; Peciozzi, F.

2008-01-01

This report refers about uranium prospection methodology in Uruguay and its first results obtained in the northeast basin.The preliminary radiometric researching is carried out four works phases: material preparation, radiometric, statistics analysis, anomalies revision

Solar drying of uruguayan red gum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Ono

2011-04-01

Full Text Available he use of solar energy as an alternative to non-renewable energy sources has been widely researched in the last decades. Compared to air drying, solar drying kilns can better control the drying process, resulting in a higher quality of the dry wood and lower final wood moisture content values. Investment and running costs for a solar drying kiln are lower than those of a conventional kiln. Moreover, the solar drying process can be advantageous for drying hardwoods which are traditionally considered difficult to dry such as eucalyptus wood of medium and high density (Red gums, known in Spanish as “Eucaliptos colorados”. The solar drying kiln naturally incorporates a daily high relative humidity period that can be similar to a conditioning or steaming step, although at a lower temperature.This results in fewer defects due to the drying process.A pilot scale 2.5 m3 semi-greenhouse type solar wood drying kiln was constructed at LATU (Uruguay Technological Laboratory in Montevideo, Uruguay. The operating conditions and the results from two drying runs are presented. Two species of red gum (Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm., ADD 870 kg/m3, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., ADD 800 kg/m3 were dried from initial average moisture contents (WMC of around 60% down to 10.0% and 12.7% in 108 days and 76 days, respectively. Boards were provided by the Grupo Forestal San Gregorio from trees harvested at Tacuarembo and Paysandu Departments from cattle shelter forests 60 and 70 years old.Mean volume shrinkage was 18% for E. tereticornis, and 16% for E. camaldulensis, and the level of defects was moderate. Residual stresses and moisture content gradients were observed for both species. Final moisture content values were similar compared to those obtained in conventional drying kilns but with longer drying periods and lower operating costs. This would make the solar drying process attractive to small and medium sized forest products industries in a small country

Intra-generational Social Mobility and Entrepreneurship in Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Daniel Bukstein; Néstor Gandelman

2012-01-01

In this paper we follow an income-based, time-dependence approach to measure the impact of entrepreneurship on social mobility in Uruguay. The working definition of entrepreneur is business owners with employees. Using household surveys from 1982 to 2010 we show that their income level, income volatility, and evolution over the business cycle are consistent with them being opportunity entrepreneurs. Self-employed workers are more similar to necessity entrepreneurs. We find significant evidenc...

Predicting the Diffusion of Improved Pastures in Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Lovell S. Jarvis

1981-01-01

Research suggests the logistic curve is the characteristic diffusion path for new technologies. Econometric analysis of fertilized grass-legume pastures in Uruguay indicated that their diffusion during the first years following introduction also followed a logistic path. Some departure from a simple logistic shape was explained by including beef and fertilizer prices within the diffusion framework. Both the rate and limit of diffusion were positively related to changes in the technology's pro...

Burnout en Uruguay: Unos aportes para los resultados de Añon et al. (2012.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cesar Merino Soto

2013-05-01

Full Text Available La presente carta pone de relieve algunas preguntas que podrían desafiar la validez de los resultados presentados por Añón et al. (2012, respecto a sus descripciones del nivel de burnout en un hospital público de Montevideo. Su estudio es importante para el aporte descriptivo local del burnout en trabajadores en Uruguay, y de la prevalencia del mismo en un plano internacional. Aparentemente, es uno de los pocos estudios publicados sobre el síndrome de burnout en Uruguay. Pero hay aspectos relacionados con la validez de las interpretaciones de sus resultados, que no han tomado en cuenta.

Stratigraphy of Guichon Formation (lower cretaceous) in litoral basin, Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, C.; Perea, D.; Perinotto, J.

1999-01-01

This report is about the stratigraphic al analysis of the Guichon Formation (lower cretaceous, litoral basin in Uruguay). The facies association is represented by conglomerates mainly fine sandstones and mud stones wi ch is interpreted as an alluvial system. A regional palaeogeography and a new geochronological alternative are established for this formation. (author).

Stratigraphy of neoproterozoic sedimentary and volcano sedimentary successions of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pecoits, E.; Aubet, N.; Oyhantcabal, P.; Sanchez Bettucci, L.

2004-01-01

Based on the new data the different characteristics of the Neoproterozoic (volcano) sedimentary succesions of Uruguay are described and discussed. Their stratigraphic tectonics and palaeoclimatic implications are analyzed.The results of the present investigations also allow to define the Maldonado Group which would beintegrated by the Playa Hermosa and Las Ventanas formations.

Exploring options for sustainable development of vegetable farms in South Uruguay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dogliotti Moro, S.

2003-01-01

Keywords:land use system, modeling, farming system, future-oriented studies, vegetables,

The sustainable development of vegetable farms in South Uruguay requires the development of farming systems that contribute

El Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay. CCC Medical Devices

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pablo Darscht

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Estudio de caso del Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay - CCC Medical Devices preparado a solicitud de Ingenio en el marco del proyecto financiado por la Iniciativa para Incubadoras de InfoDev - Grupo Banco Mundial. Este estudio detalla los pasos seguidos por una empresa nacional con un fuerte factor de innovación y los cambios producidos en el entorno de los negocios de la empresa. El comienzo de una pequeña empresa de marcapasos que tras pasar por diferentes etapas hoy gana mercados en el área de ingeniería para dispositivos médicos para diferentes empresas de investigación biomédica a nivel internacional.AbstractCase study of the Centro de Cardioestimuladores del Uruguay - CCC Medical Devices prepared on behalf of Ingenio within the project financed by de Incubator Initiative of InfoDev-World Bank Group. This study refers to the steps followed by a highly innovative local company and to the changes in its business environment. The start up of a small pacemakers company that after going through different stages is presently increasing its market share in the area of engineering of medical devices for biomedic research companies worldwide.

Quality assurance for radiodiagnostic equipment in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cotelo, Elena D.

2001-01-01

Since Uruguay did not have an study on X-ray equipment, students of Radiation Protection course (RP) made this field work throughout the country. The objective is to obtain information on the number and kind of X-ray radiodiagnostic equipment. Some of the results are: there are 666 radiodiagnostic equipment. The ratio of population to equipment is 4.515 to 1 in the capital and the mean rate in the rest of the country is 4.383 to one, with a minimum of 1.707 and a maximum of 8.220. The Public Health Ministry (MSP) and the Instituciones de Asistencia Medica Colectiva (a kind of private heath assurance) (IAMC) have less equipment in the capital than in the rest of the country. The 37% of the capital population receives assistance through the IAMC , with a 42.5 % of the equipment. Uruguay except the capital has 18 districts and 17 computed tomography equipment, from which only 3 belong to the MSP. Five districts do not have any. In Montevideo, there are 11.500 females over forty years of age per X-ray mammography equipment, and this relation in the rest of the country is 13.900. There are 21 X-ray Interventional radiology equipment, 16 of them are in the capital. Is from relating the radiodiagnostic equipment, the population and the procedures, that quality assistance indicators emerge. This owns high importance on the way to create a RP National Programme. (author)

The Texts of the Instruments connected with the Agency's assistance to Uruguay in Establishing a Research Reactor Project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1965-01-01

The texts of the Supply Agreement between the Agency and the Governments of the United States of America and Uruguay, and of the Project Agreement between the Agency and the Government of Uruguay, in connection with the Agency's assistance to the latter Government in establishing a research reactor project, are reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. These Agreements entered into force on 24 September 1965

The Texts of the Instruments connected with the Agency's assistance to Uruguay in Establishing a Research Reactor Project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1965-12-09

The texts of the Supply Agreement between the Agency and the Governments of the United States of America and Uruguay, and of the Project Agreement between the Agency and the Government of Uruguay, in connection with the Agency's assistance to the latter Government in establishing a research reactor project, are reproduced in this document for the information of all Members. These Agreements entered into force on 24 September 1965.

uruguay : tous les projets | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour le ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Plusieurs études ont montré que certaines formes de réseautage d'affaires collaboratif peuvent avoir une incidence positive sur l'innovation, les résultats financiers et le développement régional. Région: Chile, El Salvador, Paraguay, Uruguay. Programme: Initiative Think tank. Financement total : CA$ 250,000.00.

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Guayabos Sheet N-15

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gancio, F.; Ford, I.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Guayabos) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of Arapey, Guichon, Mercedes and Asencio formations in the Cretaceous period

Arroyo del Soldado group: paleontology, dating and Vendian to Lower Cambrian, Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaucher, C.; Sprechmann, P.

1998-01-01

The fossil content of the Vendian to Lower Cambrian Arroyo del Soldado Group of the Nico Perez Terrane of Uruguay is analysed.Organic walled microfossils represented by acritarchs, eukariotic algae (sensu lato) and iron bacteria are recognized. An updated list of these microfossils is presented, which were are now reported in the Yerbal and Barriga Negra formations.Events of weutrphic conditions were reconstructed. The occurrence of Cloudina riemkeae, the earliest known metazoanwith a mineralized skeleton is communicated for the first time in Uruguay. The organic walled microfossils as well as Cloudina riemkeae are indicative of a Vendian age, whereas the trace fossils of the uppermost unit(Cerro Victoria) suggest the Early Cambrian. This would imply that the Group contains the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary. The Arroyo del Soldado Group is correlated with the Jacadiga and Corunba Groups (Brasil) and the Nama Group (Namibia). (author)

THE URUGUAY ROUND AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE: AN EVALUATION

OpenAIRE

Josling, Timothy E.; Honma, Masayoshi; Lee, Jaeok; MacLaren, Donald; Miner, William M.; Sumner, Daniel A.; Tangermann, Stefan; Valdes, Alberto

1994-01-01

Contact for this paper: Laura Bipes/University of Minnesota/Department of Applied Economics/ 1994 Buford Avenue./ St. Paul, MN 55108 USA. From the start, agriculture played a central role in the Uruguay Round of GATT trade negotiations. The Punta del Este Declaration called for a solution to the problems facing agricultural trade through modified trade rules and an agreement to lower protection levels. It was recognized that such an improvement implied negotiations on the national farm polici...

Report to the Republica Oriental del Uruguay government

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saad, S.

1984-01-01

This report evaluates the works of exploration of Uranium executed in the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay in the period between 1949 and 1983, with the application of geophysical, geochemical and geological methods. There was analyzed all the information relating to the works of own execution or across agreements with companies or foreign organizations. This evaluation includes visits to the principal radioactive indications, including those of the basin Paleozoic and of the Pre cambric of La Calera

Organized factions and disorganized parties: electoral incentives in Uruguay Grupos organizados y partidos desorganizados: incentivos electorales en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Scott MORGENSTERN

2010-07-01

Full Text Available This paper extends the study of party organization and legislative voting to factionalize party systems. After developing a typology of factional types, it argues that hierarchically organized factions respond to a competing incentive system. Factions have interests that push them to work together for the good of the party, but at the same time, they have interests in distinguishing themselves for electoral purposes. Further, the electoral cycle drives the weights of these competing pressures, leading factional cooperation to break down as elections near. These patterns and incentives are particularly evident in Uruguay, and the paper uses roll-call data from that country's legislature to test the propositionsEl presente artículo aplica el estudio de la organización de partidos y el voto legislativo a sistemas de partidos con facciones. Tras desarrollar una clasificación de los diferentes tipos de facciones, se argumenta que las facciones jerárquicamente organizadas responden a un sistema competitivo de incentivos. Pese a que las facciones tienen intereses que las empujan a trabajar juntas por el bien del partido, al mismo tiempo, tienen interés en diferenciarse unas de otras por propósitos electorales. Además, el ciclo electoral dirige los pesos de estas presiones competitivas provocando la ruptura en la cooperación entre las facciones conforme se aproximan las elecciones. Estas pautas e incentivos son particularmente evidentes en el caso de Uruguay, por lo que el artículo utiliza datos del voto nominal del Legislativo del país para probar estos argumentos.

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Cololo Sheet 0-19

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales, H.; Ford, I.; Montana, J.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Cololo) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of Holocene, Oligocene and upper Cretaceous in Asencio and Fray Bentos formations

Tobacco smoke exposure in public places and workplaces after smoke-free policy implementation: a longitudinal analysis of smoker cohorts in Mexico and Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Thrasher, James F.; Nayeli Abad-Vivero, Erika; Sebrié, Ernesto M.; Barrientos-Gutierrez, Tonatiuh; Boado, Marcelo; Yong, Hua Hie; Arillo-Santillán, Edna; Bianco, Eduardo

2013-01-01

Objective: To determine the prevalence, correlates and changes in secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure over the period after comprehensive smoke-free policy implementation in two Latin American countries. Methods: Data were analysed from population-based representative samples of adult smokers and recent quitters from the 2008 and 2010 waves of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey in Mexico (n = 1766 and 1840, respectively) and Uruguay (n = 1379 and 1411, respectively). Prevalence of SHS exposure was estimated for regulated venues, and generalized estimating equations were used to determine correlates of SHS exposure. Results: Workplace SHS exposure in the last month was similar within and across countries (range: Mexico 20–25%; Uruguay 14–29%). At the most recent restaurant visit, SHS exposure was lower where comprehensive smoke-free policies were implemented (range: Uruguay 6–9%; Mexico City 5–7%) compared with Mexican cities with weaker policies, where exposure remained higher but decreased over time (32–17%). At the most recent bar visit, SHS exposure was common (range: Uruguay 8–36%; Mexico City 23–31%), although highest in jurisdictions with weaker policies (range in other Mexican cities: 74–86%). In Uruguay, males were more likely than females to be exposed to SHS across venues, as were younger compared with older smokers in Mexico. Conclusions: Comprehensive smoke-free policies are more effective than weaker policies, although compliance in Mexico and Uruguay is not as high as desired. PMID:23172895

Women, feminism and social change in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, 1980-1940

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guimoar Dueñas

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Asunción Lavrin. Women, feminism and social change in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, 1890-1940. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1995, 481 páginas. Tercer volúmen de la serie Engendering Latin America.

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Piriapolis Sheet G-29

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F; Pena, S; Masquelin, E; Pias, J; Tabo, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Piriapolis) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils. Geomorphologically Piriapolis fotoplano is dominated by Las Animas and an important Cenozoic coverage

Cinnabar presence ar round the Valentin stream in Florida district of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, L.

1993-01-01

Some little grains of cinnabar were found in Valentin River, Florida, Uruguay during the Gold Exploration Project on the Area in 1991. We present some chemical data to prove the existence of mercury probably related to a greissen hydrothermal event.

Resolution 574/006 it authorizes to the National Administration of Oil Alcohol and Portland to sign a contract directly with PETROBRAS Uruguay services and operation S.A. in terms and conditions included in the Agreement to carried out hydrocarbons survey in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-01-01

Then and the efforts of the National Fuel Alcohol and Portland (ANCAP) in seeking approval of an agreement between this Administration and services and operations PETROBRAS SA Uruguay work for the realization of search for hydrocarbons in Uruguay. The above general agreement aims to conduct a regional study, by integrating seismic and well data, with a view to mounting a stratigraphic and structural characterization of structural and stratigraphic styles by sequence.

DNA multigene characterization of Fasciola hepatica and Lymnaea neotropica and its fascioliasis transmission capacity in Uruguay, with historical correlation, human report review and infection risk analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Gayo, Valeria; Sanchis, Jaime; Artigas, Patricio; Khoubbane, Messaoud; Birriel, Soledad; Mas-Coma, Santiago

2017-01-01

Background Fascioliasis is a pathogenic disease transmitted by lymnaeid snails and recently emerging in humans, in part due to effects of climate changes, anthropogenic environment modifications, import/export and movements of livestock. South America is the continent presenting more human fascioliasis hyperendemic areas and the highest prevalences and intensities known. These scenarios appear mainly linked to altitude areas in Andean countries, whereas lowland areas of non-Andean countries, such as Uruguay, only show sporadic human cases or outbreaks. A study including DNA marker sequencing of fasciolids and lymnaeids, an experimental study of the life cycle in Uruguay, and a review of human fascioliasis in Uruguay, are performed. Methodology/Principal findings The characterization of Fasciola hepatica from cattle and horses of Uruguay included the complete sequences of the ribosomal DNA ITS-2 and ITS-1 and mitochondrial DNA cox1 and nad1. ITS-2, ITS-1, partial cox1 and rDNA 16S gene of mtDNA were used for lymnaeids. Results indicated that vectors belong to Lymnaea neotropica instead of to Lymnaea viator, as always reported from Uruguay. The life cycle and transmission features of F. hepatica by L. neotropica of Uruguay were studied under standardized experimental conditions to enable a comparison with the transmission capacity of F. hepatica by Galba truncatula at very high altitude in Bolivia. On this baseline, we reviewed the 95 human fascioliasis cases reported in Uruguay and analyzed the risk of human infection in front of future climate change estimations. Conclusions/Significance The correlation of fasciolid and lymnaeid haplotypes with historical data on the introduction and spread of livestock into Uruguay allowed to understand the molecular diversity detected. Although Uruguayan L. neotropica is a highly efficient vector, its transmission capacity is markedly lower than that of Bolivian G. truncatula. This allows to understand the transmission and

DNA multigene characterization of Fasciola hepatica and Lymnaea neotropica and its fascioliasis transmission capacity in Uruguay, with historical correlation, human report review and infection risk analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Bargues, María Dolores; Gayo, Valeria; Sanchis, Jaime; Artigas, Patricio; Khoubbane, Messaoud; Birriel, Soledad; Mas-Coma, Santiago

2017-02-01

Fascioliasis is a pathogenic disease transmitted by lymnaeid snails and recently emerging in humans, in part due to effects of climate changes, anthropogenic environment modifications, import/export and movements of livestock. South America is the continent presenting more human fascioliasis hyperendemic areas and the highest prevalences and intensities known. These scenarios appear mainly linked to altitude areas in Andean countries, whereas lowland areas of non-Andean countries, such as Uruguay, only show sporadic human cases or outbreaks. A study including DNA marker sequencing of fasciolids and lymnaeids, an experimental study of the life cycle in Uruguay, and a review of human fascioliasis in Uruguay, are performed. The characterization of Fasciola hepatica from cattle and horses of Uruguay included the complete sequences of the ribosomal DNA ITS-2 and ITS-1 and mitochondrial DNA cox1 and nad1. ITS-2, ITS-1, partial cox1 and rDNA 16S gene of mtDNA were used for lymnaeids. Results indicated that vectors belong to Lymnaea neotropica instead of to Lymnaea viator, as always reported from Uruguay. The life cycle and transmission features of F. hepatica by L. neotropica of Uruguay were studied under standardized experimental conditions to enable a comparison with the transmission capacity of F. hepatica by Galba truncatula at very high altitude in Bolivia. On this baseline, we reviewed the 95 human fascioliasis cases reported in Uruguay and analyzed the risk of human infection in front of future climate change estimations. The correlation of fasciolid and lymnaeid haplotypes with historical data on the introduction and spread of livestock into Uruguay allowed to understand the molecular diversity detected. Although Uruguayan L. neotropica is a highly efficient vector, its transmission capacity is markedly lower than that of Bolivian G. truncatula. This allows to understand the transmission and epidemiological differences between Andean highlands and non

Mining inventory of Uruguay. Results of geochemical prospecting of Cerro Partido fotoplano

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Artignan, D.; Vairon, P.

1982-01-01

This work is about the analitical results of the geological prospection carried out in Cerro Partido zone within the framework of Mining inventory of Uruguay. In this fotoplano (Esc. 1/50.000 and 1/400.000 there are metamorphic, mesozoic and carbonated formations

Asthma mortality in Uruguay, 1984-1998.

Science.gov (United States)

Baluga, J C; Sueta, A; Ceni, M

2001-08-01

Asthma mortality rates have increased worldwide during the past several years despite the increased availability of new and effective medications. Few studies show reliable data from Latin American countries. To determine asthma mortality rates from 1984 to 1998 and to relate mortality to sales of asthma medications. We conducted a retrospective epidemiologic study in the total population of Uruguay. Data were obtained from the Department of Statistics of the Ministry of Public Health. Trends in mortality rates were analyzed using linear regression procedures. Spearman rank correlations were used to relate mortality rates to sales of asthma medications. The mean overall mortality rate was 5.10 per 100,000 during the period 1984 to 1998, (range 6.08 to 3.39) and showed a decreasing trend (P = 0.001). During the period 1995 to 1998, a more pronounced decrease was observed (mean mortality rate, 4.10 per 100,000). In the 5- to 34-year-old age group the mean mortality rate was 0.43 (range 0.65 to 0.13). Similarly, the mortality rate in this age group decreased particularly in the 1994 to 1998 period (mean 0.19; P = 0.005). Finally, the mortality rate was inversely correlated with sales of inhaled corticosteroids; for the overall mortality rate, p = -0.71, P = 0.003; for 5- to 34-year-old age group, p = -0.63, P = 0.01. Although mortality attributable to asthma seems to be decreasing, the overall mortality rate is still high compared with more economically developed countries. A more pronounced decrease in asthma mortality has been seen in the 5- to 34-year-old group. At present, Uruguay is a Latin American country with a low rate of asthma mortality. This is probably related to the use of new therapies to treat asthma.

La gramaticalización de usted: un cambio lingüístico en proceso. Evidencias en el Uruguay del siglo XIX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virginia Bertolotti

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio aquí la presencia/ausencia de usted sujeto y la alternancia del sintagma a usted con lo o la objeto directo a lo largo del siglo XIX en Uruguay. El estudiodel comportamiento de los miembros de la subclase de usted se contrasta con el de lasotras posibilidades alocutivas singulares en el español en Uruguay (la subclase de tú y lasubclase de vos. La interpretación de los datos se realiza a la luz del enfoque de la gramaticalización en relación con estudios de la cortesía y muestra las características delproceso de cambio el paradigma de usted durante el siglo XIX en Uruguay.

Husband and Wife Interaction and Family Regulation in Rural Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

De Winter, A. M.

Decision-making and family planning were studied in the rural city of Durazno, Uruguay, by means of answers to questions by both husbands and wives. A sample size of 268 couples in which at least one partner was between 21 and 50 years of age was used. Data were collected by means of a pretested and precoded interview schedule. Major conclusions…

First approach to exhaust emissions characterization of light vehicles in Montevideo, Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

D'Angelo, Mauro; González, Alice Elizabeth; Rezzano Tizze, Nicolás

2018-03-15

According to Act No. 17283 of November 28th, 2000, air quality protection is a general concern in Uruguay. Road transport is the main emitter of nitrogen oxides (NO x ), as the National Inventory of Air Emissions 2006 stated. Actually, it is responsible for the emissions of 59.8% of NO x and 28% of carbon monoxide (CO). The number of households owning a car in Uruguay increased from 29% in 2005 to 39% in 2013, enhancing the importance of characterizing the vehicular emissions of the national fleet. In this paper, a first approach for this characterization is presented. It was carried out on a sample of 11 light vehicles currently in use in Montevideo city, Uruguay. On-road emissions measurements of nitrogen monoxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) were carried out for calculating the emission factors. The fitness of the set of calculated emission factors values to different probability distributions was tested. When possible, the 95% confidence intervals were obtained for the mean emission factors (CO: 2.0g/km±0.3g/km; NO: 0.05g/km±0.01g/km). This procedure was useful to obtaining accurate confidence intervals from a relatively small sample size. Finally, the link between atmospheric emissions and some other parameters of the tested vehicles was studied using a multivariate statistical tool, highlighting the strong increase in carbon monoxide emissions observed for low vehicles speeds and fuel efficiencies. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Report of the procedure of voluntary interruption of pregnancy at a university hospital in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Bentancor, Ana; Hernández, Ana Laura; Godoy, Yamile; Dapueto, Juan J

2016-07-04

To describe the constitution and operation of a voluntary interruption of pregnancy team of a university hospital, from the outlook of the mental health team. In this case study, the following aspects were analyzed: 1) historical background; 2) implementation of Law 18,897 of October 22, 2012; and 3) functioning of the program at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Facultad de Medicina (Universidad de la República, Uruguay), taking into account three dimensions: structure, process, and results. Between December 2012 and November 2013, a total of 6,676 voluntary interruptions of pregnancy were reported in Uruguay; out of these, 80 were conducted at the Hospital de Clínicas. The patients' demographic data agreed with those reported at the national level: Of the total patients, 81.0% were aged over 19 years; 6.2% decided to continue with the pregnancy; and only 70.0% attended the subsequent control and received advice on contraception. In its implementation year in Uruguay, we can assess the experience as positive from the point of view of women's health. Our experience as a mental health team at the Hospital de Clínicas, inserted into the multidisciplinary voluntary interruption of pregnancy team, is in the process of assessment and reformulation of practices. Describir la conformación y funcionamiento de un equipo de interrupción voluntaria del embarazo de un hospital universitario, desde la mirada del equipo de salud mental. En este estudio de caso, se analizan los siguientes aspectos: 1) antecedentes históricos; 2) implementación de la Ley 18.897 de 22 de octubre de 2012; y 3) funcionamiento del programa en el Hospital de Clínicas de la Facultad de Medicina (Universidad de la República, Uruguay), teniendo en cuenta tres dimensiones (estructura, proceso y resultados). Entre diciembre de 2012 y noviembre de 2013, se reportaron en Uruguay un total de 6.676 interrupciones voluntarias del embarazo; de ellas, 80 se llevaron a cabo en el Hospital de Clínicas. Los

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Talita Sheet J-24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campal, N; Chulepin, H

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Talita) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils.The area belongs to the Rio de la Plata socket basin is associated with the orogenic cycle

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Molles Sheet K-19

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Molles) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary period in Arapey, Mercedes, Asencio, Palmitas, Fray Bentos and Libertad formations

The great depression in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay : revisiting vulnerabilities and policies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gerona Morales, Marcelo Esteban; Sosa Clavijo, Silvana Maria

2015-01-01

In this thesis Marcelo Gerona and Silvana Sosa undertake an analysis of the Great Depression (1928-1934) in a sample of three highly interconnected South American countries: Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay (ABU). The problem tackled in this work is the relative vulnerabilities of ABU, which

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Chafalote Sheet D-26

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Masquelin, H; Tabo, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Chafalote) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils. The area corresponding to Chafalote is located in central and eastern metamorphic formation constituted by Lavalleja-Rocha group

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Palmitas Sheet 0- 22

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I.; Gancio, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Molles) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the Proterozoic, Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary period in Mercedes, Asencio, Palmitas and Fray Bentos formations

Regional Hub port development : the case of Montevideo, Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Wilmsmeier, Gordon; Martínez Zarzoso, Inmaculada; Fiess, Norbert

2011-01-01

This paper reflects on port development in Uruguay in an environment of trilateral interport competition. The regional characteristics of port development in terms of their geographical, functional and operational characteristics are discussed by analysing the port system’s evolution. The case of Montevideo as the success or failure of a regional hub port development strategy is analysed in detail. Particular attention is given to the evolution and impact of the liner shipping service network...

Il regionalismo commerciale dopo l'Uruguay Round (Commercial regionalism after the Uruguay Round

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. GRILLI

2013-10-01

Full Text Available The attempts by a number of countries to partially or totally liberalise their trade on a discriminatory basis have long been documented. Despite the wide spread of the GATT in both geographical and temporal terms, regionalism has never easily co-existed with commercial multilateralism. The Uruguay Round has taken place in a period in which several key countries have radically changed trade policies. In this light, the search for a new balance between the multilateralism de jure and the regionalism de facto practiced by many members of the GATT took on importance as a test of their intentions to continue or not with the existing multilateral order or rather to modify it in a regional sense. This paper reviews the problems of coexistence between regionalism and multilateralism in the international trade order and demonstrates how few concrete conclusions can be drawn from an examination of both the theory and the empirical evidence.JEL: F13

Biología, medicina y eugenesia en Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Barrán, Juan Pedro

1999-01-01

In this work are analyzed the deep relationships between biology, medicine and society that were settled down in the Uruguay along the XIX century as well as the process of «medicalization» and «biologization» of the social thought that take place along the first decades of the XX century, and the role that played the eugenic ideas and defenders of eugenics in that process.

En este trabajo se analizan las profundas relaciones entre biología, medicina y sociedad que se estab...

Uruguay vasakpoolne president tahab vaeses riigis korra majja lüüa / Allan Espenberg

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Espenberg, Allan

2005-01-01

Märtsikuus tuli Uruguays võimule vasakpoolne koalitsioon. President Tabare Vazquez peab kõige olulisemaks vaesusest jagusaamist riigis, välispoliitikas on tema eelistus sidemete arendamine teiste vasakpoolsete režiimidega

Nuclear right and South Market Common : health citizen protection and environment: comparative study Mercosur situation:critical analysis Uruguay situation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Puig, D

1998-01-01

The present work presents to general study on: the applications of nuclear techniques, technical fundamental for stablishment of to program of radiation protection, to comparative study legislation in radiation protection in the South Market Common (MERCOSUR)Argentina,Brazil,Paraguay,Uruguay as well as Treaties and Agreements. The author carries out a critical analysis from the situation to Institutional level in the Uruguay and it outlines some alternatives to improve the situation [es

Uruguay Roselli 1938 and Rosellichnus, N. Ichnogenus: Two ichnogenera for clusters of fossil bee cells

Science.gov (United States)

Genise, Jorge F.; Bown, Thomas M.

1996-01-01

The systematics of the fossil bee nest ichnogenus Uruguay from the Uruguayan Cretaceous or lower Tertiary is reviewed and two new ichnospecies of a new ichnogenus, Rosellichnus, are proposed for fossil bee nests from the Miocene of the United Arab Emirates and Patagonian Argentina. Uruguay contains U. auroranormae(the ich‐notype) and U. rivasi, which differs from the type ichnospecies in having clustered cells arranged in three rows, with one central and two marginal rows of subparallel cells. No bee nest architecture known to us unequivocally fits with any ichnospecies described herein. Uruguay was constructed in the subsoil and may be of halictid origin; however, its large cell size, thick cell walls, and the presence of a vestibular cell do not fit the architecture of nests of extant halictids. Rosellichnus arabicus lacks the complete cavity surrounding the cell cluster that is typical in nests of Old World halictids, but it may, nonetheless, still be of halictid origin. R. pa‐tagonicus has an architecture more similar to nests of anthophorine bees than to those of Neotropical Halictidae. Therefore, the ichnogenus Rosellichnus may include both halictid and anthophorine constructions. Although the smooth inner cell walls, spiral cell caps, and clustering of cells indicate that both Uruguay and Rosellichnus are trace fossils of bee origin, it is likely that both represent nest architectures that are no longer employed by extant bees, or those that are as yet unknown. The paleoenvironments of both the Argentine and Emirates species of Rosellichnus indicate that the trace‐makers of this ichnogenus constructed their nests in open ground sandy soils.

New proposal for the Piedras de Afilar lithostratigraphic formation, upper Neo proterozoic of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pamoukaghlian, K.; Gaucher, C.; Poire, D.

2010-01-01

This work is about the Piedras de Afilar lithostratigraphic formation which is part of Tandilia Precambrian terrain of Uruguay. This sedimentary sequence of Neo proterozoic age is supported by a Paleoproterozoic basement

Regressive transgressive cycle of Devonian sea in Uruguay verified by Palynology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Da Silva, J.

1990-01-01

This work is about the results and conclusions of the populations palinomorphs study, carried out in Devonian formations in the center of Uruguay. The existence of a regressive transgressive cycle is verified by analyzing the vertical distribution of palinomorphs as well as is mentioned the presence of chintziest for the section studied - hoesphaeridium Cyathochitina kinds

Geological map of Uruguay scale 1.100.000 Canada Nieto Sheet P-23

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrando, L; Eugui, W; Cabrera, Z; Elias, R

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Canada Nieto) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of the pre devoniam period in the Mercedes , Asencio and Fray Bentos formations

French Trade Policy During the GATT Uruguay Round: Between Domestic and International Constraints

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Alons, G.C.

2012-01-01

During the GATT Uruguay Round (1986-1993) France was one of the most conservative European member states and succeeded in influencing European position taking on agricultural trade liberalization. France’s recalcitrant position is often considered an outcome of purely domestic political

Agricultural Trade Barriers 10 years later Uruguay Round Trade Agreement Signature

OpenAIRE

Mahia, R.; Arce, Rafael de; Escribano, Gonzalo

2005-01-01

In this paper, an analysis of current state of agricultural trade barriers is carried out alter ten years of Uruguay Round Agricultural Trade Agreement Signature The descriptive analysis showed that small advances in trade barriers removing have been taken out. About the heterogeneity in tariff applications, tariff progresivity and peak tariffs, the same situation is pointed out.

Postmodernity and fin de siècle in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hugo Achugar

1990-01-01

Full Text Available Since the end of the military regime, Uruguay has been culturally and politically divided. During the period of repression, the opposition was united against the dictatorship. Yet economic decline and the military dictatorship have profoundly divided Uruguayan culture. On the positive side, new cultural actors have emerged—women, younger poets and writers and the marginalized—on the negative side, there is a sense of malaise that has neither been adequately discussed nor theoretized.

Fossils mollusc asemblage found at Zagarzazu, marine Pleistocene, Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rojas, A. . E mail: alejandra@fcien.edu.uy

2004-01-01

There are presented the results of the paleoecological analysis of the mollusc assemblage found at Zagarzazu, Colonia department. The fossils are well preserved, arranged in thin shell-beds with some specimens in life position. The assemblage is indicative of higher temperatures than present, and a strong marine influence. It is important to stress that new thermophilic molluscs for the marine Quaternary were found and that this locality represents a new Pleistocene marine record in Uruguay [es

Proposition presented from BRGM to Industry and Commerce Mini stere to rationalization of the exploitation, re valorization and semiprecious stones trade in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1972-01-01

The Bureau du Recherche Geologique et Mini ere was been required by Instituto -Geologique del Uruguay and Soils resources studies commission with the aim not only to make arrangements between precious stones exploitations in Uruguay but also re valorization of uncut stones and selective trade of products with a better quality.

Developing medical geology in Uruguay: a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Mañay, Nelly

2010-05-01

Several disciplines like Environmental Toxicology, Epidemiology, Public Health and Geology have been the basis of the development of Medical Geology in Uruguay during the last decade. The knowledge and performance in environmental and health issues have been improved by joining similar aims research teams and experts from different institutions to face environmental problems dealing with the population's exposure to metals and metalloids and their health impacts. Some of the Uruguayan Medical Geology examples are reviewed focusing on their multidisciplinary approach: Lead pollution and exposed children, selenium in critically ill patients, copper deficiency in cattle and arsenic risk assessment in ground water. Future actions are also presented.

Domestic tourism in Uruguay: a matrix approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magdalena Domínguez Pérez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper domestic tourism in Uruguay is analyzed by introducing an Origin-Destination matrix approach, and an attraction coefficient is calculated. We show that Montevideo is an attractive destination to every department except itself (even if it emits more trips than it receives, and the Southeast region is the main destination. Another important outcome is the importance of intra-regional patterns, associated to trips to bordering departments. Findings provide destination managers with practical knowledge, useful for reducing seasonality and attracting more domestic tourists throughout the year, as well as to deliver a better service offer, that attracts both usual visitors and new ones from competitive destinations.

Developing Medical Geology in Uruguay: A Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nelly Mañay

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Several disciplines like Environmental Toxicology, Epidemiology, Public Health and Geology have been the basis of the development of Medical Geology in Uruguay during the last decade. The knowledge and performance in environmental and health issues have been improved by joining similar aims research teams and experts from different institutions to face environmental problems dealing with the population’s exposure to metals and metalloids and their health impacts. Some of the Uruguayan Medical Geology examples are reviewed focusing on their multidisciplinary approach: Lead pollution and exposed children, selenium in critically ill patients, copper deficiency in cattle and arsenic risk assessment in ground water. Future actions are also presented.

NUEVOS PIOJOS (PHTHIRAPTERA: AMBLYCERA, ISCHNOCERA) REGISTRADOS EN AVES MARINAS Y COSTERAS DE URUGUAY

OpenAIRE

Venzal, José M; Castro, Oscar; Katz, Helena; Félix, María L; Morgades, Diana; Palma, Ricardo L

2007-01-01

In this study, 17 lice species were collected and identified from marine and coastal birds from the Atlantic Ocean coast, rivers and lagoons of Uruguay. Among them, 16 species (one at generic level only) are recorded for the first time for this country.

Política comercial y política de infraestructura: un ejercicio de simulación sobre los impactos en la localización industrial en Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Juan Labraga

2010-01-01

In this paper we used a model of New Economic Geography (NEG) to simulate the effects on industrial location in Uruguay for the implementation of alternative trade policy and infrastructure policy. The exercises show that a reduction of non-tariff barriers with Argentina reduces the location of industries in Uruguay, while implementing the same policy in Brazil increases the location of industries in Uruguay. Infrastructure policies, regardless of the country that are made, increase the local...

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Carmelo Sheet P-24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrando, L; Eugui, W; Cabrera, Z; Elias, R

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Carmelo) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils of the precambrian period in the Mercedes , Fray Bentos, Libertad and Raigon formations. The Precambrian rocks are found in large quarries in Carmelo hill

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Algorta Sheet N-16

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I; Gancio, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Algorta) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological soil characteristics of the upper cretaceous in Guichon, Mercedes and Asencio formaltions as well as the lower tertiary period of Palmitas and Fray Bentos formations

Agreement on Agriculture in the Uruguay Round of GATT, The

OpenAIRE

Zuhair A. Hassan

1994-01-01

The Uruguay Round is the eighth round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). The previous seven rounds produced significant reductions in tariffs on manufactured goods, but little or no progress was made in opening international markets for agricultural trade (see Appendix A0. However, the distortions in international agricultural trade and domestic agricultural production and the increasing budgetary outlays prompted trade ministers ...

Sangre indígena en Uruguay. Ciudadanías post étnicas y Derechos Sociales.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José María López Mazz

2018-03-01

Full Text Available In this paper I explore derives circumstances of the extermination of native people of Uruguay and their integration to postcolonial class society. It was thought that this affair was a problem solved, but the recent history questions Uruguayan State identity and the myth of social and cultural homogeneous society products of European immigration. Social and political crisis (1973-1984 put in discussion symbolism and social stereotypes of the called modern Uruguay. The re activation of a news Indians identities is a memory processes under construction which combine scientific research with the fight for Human Rights, and deep questions about official historical narratives. In recent years Anthropological studies and heritage process collaborated with making more visible natives American heritage.

Arreglos de convivencia en la vejez en Uruguay: perfiles específicos para una política de cuidados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucía MONTEIRO

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se propone analizar los arreglos de convivencia en la vejez en Uruguay y las impli - caciones que presentan para el diseño e implementación de políticas de cuidado. Uruguay es uno de los países más envejecidos de la región y su configuración de arreglos familiares en la vejez presenta especificidades en relación a Latinoamérica dado que predominan los arreglos uniper - sonales y nucleares sin hijos. Los procesos de feminización y de envejecimiento convierten a las mujeres de edades muy avanzadas en población vulnerable. Paralelamente se está implementan - do en Uruguay un sistema de cuidados. Este artículo busca responder las siguientes preguntas ¿Qué implica para el sistema de cuidados pensar en clave de arreglos de convivencia? ¿En base a qué características un hogar integrado por adultos mayores se convierte en vulnerable?

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Bequelo Sheet N0-20

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montana, J.; Ford, I.; Morales, H.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Bequelo) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics of the precambrian period in the Bequelo stream as well as the Mercedes , Asencio and Fray Bentos formations

Historical approximation of the Syenite extracting , development and industrialization in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baumann, N.

2004-01-01

This work is about the syenite exploitation in Uruguay which had particularly importance at the end of XI X century. The main centers of granite exploitation were La Paz and Piriapolis. The grains of Piriapolis for its structure and shades were used as polished plates to covering the walls of the emblematic and representative buildings, witnesses of a time flourishing economy.

Uruguay's ambitious energy goals: Focus on biomass; Uruguayische Energie-Offensive. Ambitionierte Ziele sollen vor allem mit Biomasse erreicht werden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jensen, Dierk

2012-07-01

Pasture farming has a long-standing tradition in Uruguay, but it is threatened now as soy, rice, citrus fruit, sugar cane and especially forest wood are getting sought after as animal feed and power generation materials. While forests are growing, the country's energy policy is aiming at a 50 percent share of renewable energy sources in primary energy supply. This makes Uruguay a leading country in Latin America. (orig.)

Bio fuels and family farming in Uruguay: A feasible alliance?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carambula, M.; Chiappe, M.; Fernandez, E.; Figueredo, S.

2011-01-01

The global energy crisis caused by high levels of fossil fuels consumption and the signs of oil depletion explain the search for alternative energy to traditional sources. Progress towards bio-fuels policy is positioned in a central place in Uruguay s political agenda. This context converges with a scenario of expansion of agricultural activity, marked by a dynamism based on the domestic economic environment changes, and major transformations in the productive base. In this context, in order to assess the social impacts resulting from the expansion of crops for energy purposes, this research was carried out. It explores the social impact of bio fuels production in Uruguay taking as a reference the situation of family farm production. It assumes that the demand of land for energy crop production puts pressure on other production systems. Related to this, it is possible to establish a continuum between a view that holds that family farms are marginal to bio fuel production, and an inclusive view which encourages the incorporation of family farmers into national production chains. In this scenario, the paper attempts to provide elements to answer the question about whether this new line of national production generates opportunities or threats to family farming

GATT VE URUGUAY-RAUNT: GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELERİN DÜNYA TİCARETİNDEKİ YAPISAL BAĞIMLILIKLARININ ARTMASI

OpenAIRE

Kartal, Zeki

2018-01-01

   Bu makalenin problem alanını dünya pazarı ile bu pazarda ticaretin en büyük bölümünü düzenleyen GATT ve Uruguay-Raunt'u oluşturdu. Bu alanın aktörleri olarak da sanayi ülkeleri ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler seçildi. Çalışma bakımından anlamlı bulunan sorular şöyle formüle edildi: GATT ve Uruguay-Raunt'un dünya pazarında gelişmekte olan ülkelerin bağımlılığını arttırdı mı yoksa azalttı mı? GATT ve Uruguay-Raunt'un kazananları ve kaybedenleri kimlerdir?   Yukarıdaki sorulara şu m...

Interpretation of the phosphate showings found in Uruguay. Recommendations for a a working programme; Interpretacion de los indicios de fosfato encontrados en Uruguay: recomendaciones para un programa de trabajo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Slansky, M

1983-07-01

The radioactive anomalies put in evidence during the investigation of uranium and the mining inventory carried out in Uruguay, are due to rocks more or less strongly phosp hated of the top proterozoic and of the paleozoic. These anomalies drive to interrogating ourselves on the possibilities of existence of deposits of phosphates exploitable.

Report of the procedure of voluntary interruption of pregnancy at a university hospital in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Bentancor

2016-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the constitution and operation of a voluntary interruption of pregnancy team of a university hospital, from the outlook of the mental health team. METHODS In this case study, the following aspects were analyzed: 1 historical background; 2 implementation of Law 18,897 of October 22, 2012; and 3 functioning of the program at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Facultad de Medicina (Universidad de la República, Uruguay, taking into account three dimensions: structure, process, and results. RESULTS Between December 2012 and November 2013, a total of 6,676 voluntary interruptions of pregnancy were reported in Uruguay; out of these, 80 were conducted at the Hospital de Clínicas. The patients’ demographic data agreed with those reported at the national level: Of the total patients, 81.0% were aged over 19 years; 6.2% decided to continue with the pregnancy; and only 70.0% attended the subsequent control and received advice on contraception. CONCLUSIONS In its implementation year in Uruguay, we can assess the experience as positive from the point of view of women’s health. Our experience as a mental health team at the Hospital de Clínicas, inserted into the multidisciplinary voluntary interruption of pregnancy team, is in the process of assessment and reformulation of practices.

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. El Ombu Sheet N-18

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (El Ombu) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary period in Arapey, Mercedes, Asencio, Palmitas, Fray Bentos and Libertad formations

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Cerro Partido Sheet F-24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diaz, R; Albanell, H.; Bossi, J.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Cerro Partido) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils. The area corresponding to the Cerro Partido fotoplano is located in the orogenic belt or Don Feliciano belt

Hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy in Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Sebrié, Ernesto Marcelo; Sandoya, Edgardo; Hyland, Andrew; Bianco, Eduardo; Glantz, Stanton A; Cummings, K Michael

2012-01-01

Background Stimulated by the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, many countries in Latin America adopted comprehensive smoke-free policies. In March 2006, Uruguay became the first Latin American country to adopt 100% smoke-free national legislation, which ended smoking in all indoor public places and workplaces, including restaurants and bars. The objective of this study was to evaluate trends in hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease 2 years before and 2 years after the policy was implemented in Uruguay. Methods Reports of hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (International Classification of Disease-10 I21) from 37 hospitals (79% of all hospital admissions in the country), representing the period 2 years before and 2 years after the adoption of a nationwide smoke-free policy in Uruguay (between 1 March 2004 and 29 February 2008), were reviewed. A time series analysis was undertaken to compare the average monthly number of events of hospital admission for AMI before and after the smoke-free law. Results A total of 7949 hospital admissions for AMI were identified during the 4-year study period. Two years after the smoke-free policy was enacted, hospital admissions for AMI fell by 22%. The same pattern and roughly the same magnitude of reduction in AMI admissions were observed for patients seen in public and private hospitals, men, women and people aged 40–65 years and older than 65 years. Conclusions The national smoke-free policy implemented in Uruguay in 2006 was associated with a significant reduction in hospital admissions for AMI. PMID:22337557

Hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Sebrié, Ernesto Marcelo; Sandoya, Edgardo; Hyland, Andrew; Bianco, Eduardo; Glantz, Stanton A; Cummings, K Michael

2013-05-01

Stimulated by the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, many countries in Latin America adopted comprehensive smoke-free policies. In March 2006, Uruguay became the first Latin American country to adopt 100% smoke-free national legislation, which ended smoking in all indoor public places and workplaces, including restaurants and bars. The objective of this study was to evaluate trends in hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease 2 years before and 2 years after the policy was implemented in Uruguay. Reports of hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (International Classification of Disease-10 I21) from 37 hospitals (79% of all hospital admissions in the country), representing the period 2 years before and 2 years after the adoption of a nationwide smoke-free policy in Uruguay (between 1 March 2004 and 29 February 2008), were reviewed. A time series analysis was undertaken to compare the average monthly number of events of hospital admission for AMI before and after the smoke-free law. A total of 7949 hospital admissions for AMI were identified during the 4-year study period. Two years after the smoke-free policy was enacted, hospital admissions for AMI fell by 22%. The same pattern and roughly the same magnitude of reduction in AMI admissions were observed for patients seen in public and private hospitals, men, women and people aged 40-65 years and older than 65 years. The national smoke-free policy implemented in Uruguay in 2006 was associated with a significant reduction in hospital admissions for AMI.

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Zapican Sheet F-22

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Zapican) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils.The fotoplano Zapican is located in the north of Lavalleja town and geologically is formed by Lavalleja group and the west socket represented by granites and volcanic reefs

PRIMER REGISTRO DE LYCOPODIUM CLAVATUM (LYCOPODIACEAE PARA URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor A. González

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Se registra por primera vez para la flora uruguaya a Lycopodium clavatum (Lycopodiaceae, hallada en los departamentos de Durazno y Maldonado. Este nuevo registro extiende su área de distribución, es- tableciendo las localidades situadas en el centro y este del Uruguay como el límite distribucional austral de Lycopodium s. str. Se presenta una descripción diagnóstica, un mapa de distribución en el país, así como la ilustración de la especie y fotografías del hábitat.

Exploring biophysical potential and sustainability of wheat cultivation in Uruguay at the national level

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mantel, S.; Engelen, van V.W.P.; Molfino, J.H.; Resink, J.W.

2000-01-01

A methodology is presented that explores soil survey information at the national level (1:1 M), generating sustainability indicators for wheat cultivation in Uruguay. Potential yields were calculated for simplified crop production situations under several constraints, such as limitation of water

Tierras estatales y desigualdad de género en Uruguay=State lands and gender inequality in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Florit O`Neill

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen En Uruguay, el Instituto Nacional de Colonización (INC es la institución encargada de la adjudicación de tierra por parte del Estado, orientado a la distribución racional de la tierra y su acceso por parte de la población rural más vulnerable. A partir del año 2005, atravesó una reforma que jerarquizó su rol en las políticas de Estado y gestó un nuevo modelo de adjudicación de tierras: las experiencias asociativas. Ese mismo año, el nuevo gobierno impulsó la transversalización de género en el Estado, impulso que anclara en el INC a partir del 2013. Este artículo analiza desde una perspectiva de género la reforma refundacional y la nueva política de tierras, develando la ceguera de género de la reforma y evidenciando desafíos pendientes para la transversalización de género en el diseño de la principal modalidad de adjudicación de tierras públicas.      Abstract In Uruguay, the National Institute of Colonization is the institution resposible for the adjudication of land by the State, aimed at the rational distribution of land and its access by the most vulnerable rural population. Since 2005, the INC went through a reform that prioritized its role in the policies of the State and created a new model of land adjudication: associative experiences of colonization. In that same year, the new government promoted gender mainstreaming in the State, impulse that took roots in the INC from 2013 onwards. This article analyzes from a gender perspective the refounding reform and the new land policy, unveiling the gender blindness of the reform and highlighting pending challenges for gender mainstreaming in the design of the main public land adjudication modality.

Efectos educativos de la fecundidad adolescente: evidencia causal a partir de la legalización del aborto en Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Alzúa, María Laura; Velázquez Battistessa, Cecilia

2018-01-01

Uruguay registra una fuerte brecha entre las tasas de asistencia escolar de las madres adolescentes y sus pares sin hijos. Este trabajo investiga si esta brecha responde a una relación causal, identificando el impacto de tener un hijo en la adolescencia sobre la asistencia al sistema educativo y la acumulación de capital humano de las jóvenes. Para subsanar el problema de endogeneidad de las decisiones educativas y de fecundidad, se hace uso de la reforma que legalizó el aborto en Uruguay ...

Exploration of Uranium. Report to the Government of the Eastern Republic of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muset, J.A.

1979-01-01

The Government of Uruguay with IAEA assistance carried out the Uranium prospection project and the evolution of uraniferous minerals resources on this country soil. Several arrangement were did such as the recollection and analysis of the geologic material. The Uranium project began with radiometric anomalies and out crops

The Political Economy of Healthcare Litigation : Model and Empirical Application to Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Corduneanu-Huci, Cristina; Hamilton, Alexander; Masses-Ferrer, Issel

2011-01-01

The political economy of health care is complex, as stakeholders have conflicting preferences over efficiency and equity. This paper formally models the preferences of consumer and producer groups involved in priority setting and judicialization in public health care. It uses a unique dataset of stakeholder perceptions, from Uruguay, to test whether these hypotheses are consistent with emp...

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Melo Sheet D-15

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrando, L.; Andreis, R.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Melo) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the pre devonian period in Melo, Buena Vista Yaguari and Tres islas formations. These metamorphic rocks would be compared with the orogenic cycle of the east and southeast groups

Les disparus politiques en Uruguay, entre l’histoire et la mémoire

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eugenia Allier Montaño

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Depuis un certain temps, les discussions sur les passés récents et violents, connus lors des années 1960-1980, sont l’un des enjeux majeurs des espaces publics dans plusieurs pays de l’Amérique du Sud. L’Uruguay, ayant vécu un régime civique militaire fortement répressif entre 1973 et 1985, n’a pas été l’exception. Pourtant, bien que les mémoires publiques sur ce passé aient traversé différentes périodes, c’est la disparition des personnes qui conduit presque toute l’histoire des luttes autour de la mémoire du pays. Dans ce texte, nous nous attelons à tracer l’histoire de la mémoire des disparus politiques dans l’arène publique en Uruguay pour connaître les motifs qu’ont faits des disparus de l’image du passé récent.Discussions on violence during the years 1960-1980 in South America have for some time been a central issue in the public space of many South American countries. Uruguay, having gone through a strongly repressive civic-military regime between 1973 and 1985, was no exception. While public memories on this period have gone through different phases, the forced disappearances have always been the main focus of the struggles for memory. This article attempts to trace the history of the remembering of these victims of forced disappearance in the Uruguayan public arena in order to determine memory patterns in the image of a recent past.

El modelo actual de desarrollo turístico al oeste del balneario La Paloma, Rocha, Uruguay. Tendencias, riesgos y propuestas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabel Gadino

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the development model of the Atlantic coast of Uruguay and its capacity to preserve relevant ecosystem services. The chosen study area was Playa Solari – Barra, one of the most important touristic spots of Uruguay (located in Laguna de Rocha, Rocha, Uruguay. This coastal zone has experienced important territorial changes during the last decades, with conflicts arising among traditional urban development for beaches, the recent strategies of rural-coastal tourism and natural and cultural heritage conservation strategies. The results show that the strong process of urban consolidation is negatively affecting the most important economic resources and ecosystem services in the study area, particularly those that directly promote touristic activities. For the last five years, the trend of urban development seems to point out towards an increase of the observed negative effects. Based on that evidence, this paper proposes specific strategies, particularly a new land use model, to revert negative impacts.

Estimating the Burden of Serious Fungal Infections in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marina Macedo-Viñas

2018-03-01

Full Text Available We aimed to estimate for the first time the burden of fungal infections in Uruguay. Data on population characteristics and underlying conditions were extracted from the National Statistics Institute, the World Bank, national registries, and published articles. When no data existed, risk populations were used to estimate frequencies extrapolating from the literature. Population structure (inhabitants: total 3,444,006; 73% adults; 35% women younger than 50 years. Size of populations at risk (total cases per year: HIV infected 12,000; acute myeloid leukemia 126; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 30; solid organ transplants 134; COPD 272,006; asthma in adults 223,431; cystic fibrosis in adults 48; tuberculosis 613; lung cancer 1400. Annual incidence estimations per 100,000: invasive aspergillosis, 22.4; candidemia, 16.4; Candida peritonitis, 3.7; Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, 1.62; cryptococcosis, 0.75; severe asthma with fungal sensitization, 217; allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, 165; recurrent Candida vaginitis, 6323; oral candidiasis, 74.5; and esophageal candidiasis, 25.7. Although some under and overestimations could have been made, we expect that at least 127,525 people suffer from serious fungal infections each year. Sporothrichosis, histoplasmosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, and dermatophytosis are known to be frequent but no data are available to make accurate estimations. Given the magnitude of the burden of fungal infections in Uruguay, efforts should be made to improve surveillance, strengthen laboratory diagnosis, and warrant access to first line antifungals.

Aging and cancer in Uruguay: epidemiology and health screenings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barrios, E.; Musé, I.

2004-01-01

According to estimates by the UICC 2020 the annual number of new cases cancer worldwide will reach 20 million, of which 14 occur in developing countries, which must address the problem with little human and material resources. This increase, in particular the care burden will weigh in countries development, is the result, among other factors, the transition patterns epidemiological, accompanied by an increase in life expectancy at birth. This determines the prevalence of chronic and degenerative diseases within which highlights the cardiovascular and oncological diseases. In Uruguay, the life expectancy at birth has increased from 45 in 1900-75 to end of the century. In parallel we are witnessing a progressive aging of the population, with an increasing proportion of older age groups. taking population aged 65 or more, it represented 4.5% in 1908 and reached 21.2% in 2000 Similarly, cancer mortality has increased percentage, in 2001 representing 23.8% of total deaths. Depending on age, analyzed the increased risk of developing or dying from cancer in Uruguay and its impact is weighted mortality of seven locations more frequent. For each of these locations the percentage of deaths in the population of 65 or more years is as follows: lung 60.9%, breast 60.3%, prostate 91.4%, colorecto 78.3%, 72.3% stomach, esophagus 70.3%, 72.2% pancreas, averaging 69.4% overall. Some etiopathogenic aspects and care projections are discussed this onco-geriatric problems.

LUCHA POR LA TIERRA EN EL NORTE DE URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Oyhantçabal Benelli

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la trayectoria de la lucha por la tierra en Bella Unión, una región característica en Uruguay por la producción de caña de azúcar, a través de los movimientos de clase de sus principales protagonistas: los cortadores de caña sindicalizados en la Unión de Trabajadores Azucareros de Artigas (UTAA. El recorrido histórico hace énfasis en dos períodos históricos diferentes: 1961-1973 y 2005-presente. El primero va desde la fundación del sindicato hasta el golpe militar. Se da en un contexto de auge de la lucha de masas en Uruguay en el cual los trabajadores rurales se organizan en la UTAA levantando, entre otras, la bandera de la Reforma Agraria. El segundo período está marcado por la llegada al gobierno nacional del Frente Amplio, una coalición social-demócrata que reactiva la producción de caña de azúcar en Bella Unión. Este cambio supone una oportunidad para las luchas sociales que la UTAA aprovecha con ocupaciones de tierra favoreciendo un proceso de colonización para los trabajadores rurales. Sin embargo el acceso a la tierra genera nuevas contradicciones, y por tanto nuevos desafíos, por los cambios en la forma de subsunción del trabajo al capital.

Tectonics and sedimentary process in the continental talud in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Santa Ana, H.; Soto, M.; Morales, E.; Tomasini, J.; Hernandez-Molina, F.; Veroslavsky, G.

2012-01-01

The morphology and evolution of the continental margin of Uruguay is due to the interaction of an important set of sedimentary processes. The contourite and turbiditic are the most significant processes which are associated with the development of submarine canyons as well as the gravitational mass respect to major landslides. These processes generate erosional and depositional features with a direct impact on different areas of application, which have potential environmental risks (gravitational landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis) and potential economic resources

The Uruguay Round and Welfare in Some Distorted Agricultural Economies

OpenAIRE

James E. Anderson

1997-01-01

There is widespread concern that the Uruguay Round may reduce the welfare of developing countries through its effect on world agricultural prices. Reduced agricultural price distortions among major supplying nations are predicted to increase basic food prices and decrease some important export prices such as those for coffee and cotton. It appears that raising food prices paid by food importers must be bad for them, while reducing world coffee and cotton prices appears bad for exporters of th...

Nuclear raw materials prospection mission 1965 report to the Government of the Republic Oriental del Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cameron, J

1966-07-01

A preliminary reconnaissance survey of Uruguay for nuclear raw materials has been completed. Over 7.700 kilometers have been surveyed by car borne scintillometer and 112 radioactive anomalies have been discovered. Favourable areas with high incidence of anomalies and indications of uranium occurrences have been de-limited in the Minas- Aigua, Valentines-Treinta y Tres, Las Canas, Minas de Corrales and Melo areas. A possibly important indication of uranium at Paso de Las Piedras, Department of Durazno, has also 'been discovered by other means.The area investigated only comprises 0.83 of the total area of Uruguay and the high incidence of anomalies discovered and the other indications of uranium within this area are favourable and encouraging factors for further work,.

Nuclear raw materials prospection mission 1965 report to the Government of the Republic Oriental del Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cameron, J.

1966-01-01

A preliminary reconnaissance survey of Uruguay for nuclear raw materials has been completed. Over 7.700 kilometers have been surveyed by car borne scintillometer and 112 radioactive anomalies have been discovered. Favourable areas with high incidence of anomalies and indications of uranium occurrences have been de-limited in the Minas- Aigua, Valentines-Treinta y Tres, Las Canas, Minas de Corrales and Melo areas. A possibly important indication of uranium at Paso de Las Piedras, Department of Durazno, has also 'been discovered by other means.The area investigated only comprises 0.83 of the total area of Uruguay and the high incidence of anomalies discovered and the other indications of uranium within this area are favourable and encouraging factors for further work,

Aging and cancer in Uruguay: epidemiology and health screenings; Envejecimiento y cáncer en Uruguay : aspectos epidemiológicos y proyecciones sanitarias

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barrios, E.; Musé, I. [Comisión Honoraria de Lucha Contra el Cáncer, Montevideo (Uruguay)

2004-12-15

According to estimates by the UICC 2020 the annual number of new cases cancer worldwide will reach 20 million, of which 14 occur in developing countries, which must address the problem with little human and material resources. This increase, in particular the care burden will weigh in countries development, is the result, among other factors, the transition patterns epidemiological, accompanied by an increase in life expectancy at birth. This determines the prevalence of chronic and degenerative diseases within which highlights the cardiovascular and oncological diseases. In Uruguay, the life expectancy at birth has increased from 45 in 1900-75 to end of the century. In parallel we are witnessing a progressive aging of the population, with an increasing proportion of older age groups. taking population aged 65 or more, it represented 4.5% in 1908 and reached 21.2% in 2000 Similarly, cancer mortality has increased percentage, in 2001 representing 23.8% of total deaths. Depending on age, analyzed the increased risk of developing or dying from cancer in Uruguay and its impact is weighted mortality of seven locations more frequent. For each of these locations the percentage of deaths in the population of 65 or more years is as follows: lung 60.9%, breast 60.3%, prostate 91.4%, colorecto 78.3%, 72.3% stomach, esophagus 70.3%, 72.2% pancreas, averaging 69.4% overall. Some etiopathogenic aspects and care projections are discussed this onco-geriatric problems.

Final report to United Nations Industrial development organization on evaluation of tender for the Valentine iron ore project in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1981-01-01

The Government of Uruguay (Project Authorities)is desirous of improving their national economy through exploitation of resources with which the nation is endowed. Studies so far conducted in Uruguay reveal that the Valentine iron ore deposits amount to about 30 million tons with an average Fe-content of 331; an additional probable reserve of about 17 million tons is also expected. The Project Authorities have been examining the possibility of exploiting these iron reserves for the establishment of a viable iron and steel complex within the country.

The Permian basin geology in the north of Uruguay.Sedimentology exam about the uranium signs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lhomer, A.; Manigault, B.; Doyhenart, A.; Rossi, P.; Spoturno, J.; De Santana, H.; Vaz, N.

1982-01-01

The basin is located in the Precambrian insular shelf limited to the North. East and South. The North (Brazil) and south (Uruguay) edge are constituted by the insular shelf ancient nucleus which dates from 2000 million years.

Nd-Sr isotopic compositions of dissolved and particulate material transported by the Parana and Uruguay rivers during high (december 1993) and low (september 1994) water periods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Henry, F.; Thouron, D.; Garcon, V.; Henry, F.; Probst, J.L.

1996-01-01

Our motivation is to better constrain the neodymium and strontium isotopic signatures of the closest continental riverine source (Parana and Uruguay rivers) to the Brazil/Malvinas Confluence zone in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean. We thus present new isotopic data on the Nd and Sr of the dissolved and suspended loads of the Parana and Uruguay rivers for two water periods forming the Rio de la Plata whose drainage basin is the second largest one in South America. The Parana dissolved material shows less radiogenic (ε Nd (0) ranging between -12.1 and -8.2) than the Uruguay one with a mean ε Nd (0) value of -6.3 ± 0.3. Suspended particulates display the same isotopic trend (mean ε Nd (0) value of -10.3 and -6.0 for the Parana and Uruguay rivers, respectively). Dissolved load 87 Sr/ 86 Sr in the Parana (0.7123) is found to be more radiogenic than the Uruguay one (0.7097); the suspended load follows the same trend with 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios of 0.7247 and 0.7115 in the Parana and Uruguay rivers, respectively. The relatively radiogenic Nd and non radiogenic Sr of the Uruguay River as compared to the Parana River could be attributed to a predominance of tholeiitic basalts in the drainage basin. A revisited estimation of the fluxes of Nd considering all South American rivers delivering into the western South and Tropical Atlantic Ocean yields a Nd particulate flux to estuarine water two orders of magnitude higher than the Nd dissolved flux. Considering the net dissolved and suspended fluxes of Nd reaching the Rio de la Plata, we have calculated a resulting ε Nd (0) equal to -10.2. The computation of ε Nd (0) of the Rio de la Plata outflow waters gives a value of -8.3, taking into account various removal processes within the estuary. (authors)

Gender, age, social disadvantage and quitting smoking in Argentina and Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Mirosław Niedzin; Ewelina Gaszyńska; Jan Krakowiak; Tomasz Saran; Franciszek Szatko; Dorota Kaleta

2018-01-01

Introduction Cessation of tobacco use has the potential to provide the greatest immediate benefits for tobacco control. Understanding the social determinants of smoking cessation is an essential requirement for increasing smoking cessation at the population level. The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-economic dimensions associated with cessation success among adults in Argentina and Uruguay. Material and Methods Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), a cross...

A survey of Senecio spp. affecting livestock in Uruguay and their associated pyrrolizidine alkaloid content

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Agustín García

2018-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: In Eastern Uruguay there has been a significant increase of seneciosis in grazing livestock with most affected localities related to counties neighboring the Brazilian border. A survey in 28 farms associated with poisoning outbreaks in grazing cattle in Eastern Uruguay was carried out. Fifty populations of Senecio plants were collected for alkaloid analysis and species identification. Four species were identified: S. oxyphyllus DC, S. madagascariensis Poir, S. brasiliensis (Spreng. Less., and S. selloi DC. Alkaloids were identified by a combination of GC-MS and HPLC-MS analysis and included: retrorsine in S. oxyphyllus; retrorsine, usaramine, and senecivernine/senecionine in S. selloi; retrorsine, senecivernine/senecionine, integerrimine, and usaramine in S. madagascariensis; and integerrimine, retrorsine and senecionine in S. brasiliensis. Total mean alkaloid concentration was reported to be highest in S. brasiliensis (17.6mg/g followed by S. oxyphyllus (6.2mg/g, S. selloi (1.8mg/g and S. madagascariensis (0.6mg/g. Alkaloid concentrations were also reported to be higher in 2015 vs. 2016 probably due to a common environmental factor. The species S. oxyphyllus and S. madagascariensis were not previously recognized as toxic plants in Eastern Uruguay. Particularly, S. oxyphyllus was present in 82% of the farms surveyed and occurred in high density with relative high concentrations of pyrrolizidine alkaloids suggesting S. oxyphyllus may be the main species involved in the reported outbreaks of seneciosis.

OSMUNDACEAE EN ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY Y URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo D. Arana

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se actualiza la taxonomía y distribución de las Osmundaceae, familia de helechos que habitan bosques y humedales subtropicales de la Argentina, Paraguay y Uruguay. Actualmente la familia comprende cuatro géneros, dos de ellos, con una especie cada uno, estan presentes en la región estudiada. Se acepta Osmunda spectabilis como una especie válida, diferente de O. regalis , la que no se encuentra presente en el área de estudio. Se reconoce a nivel de género a Osmundastrum con una única especie O. cinnamomeum var. cinnamomeum . Se incluyen una clave para los géneros, descripciones, la sinonimia relevante para América del Sur, distribuciones e ilustraciones de las especies. Se lectotipifica a Osmunda imbricata, Osmunda palustris y Osmunda spectabilis var. brasiliensis .

Western cratonic domains in Uruguay: geochronology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Peel, E.; Muzio, E.; Ledesma, R.; Guerequiz, R.

2001-01-01

The western cratonic domains in Uruguay are divided into three major units: Piedra Alta Terrane, Valentines Block and Pavas Block. Piedra Alta Terrane lacks of evidence of Neoproterozoic orogenesis (deformation, metamorphism or magmatism). Sarandí del Yi - Arroyo Solís Grande shear zone, separates it from Valentines Block. Valentines Block is separated from Pavas Block by Cueva del Tigre shear zone. Magmatic rocks with different ages, compositions and emplacements occur all over the Piedra Alta Terrane distributed in three metamorphic belts (Arroyo Grande, San José and Montevideo) as well as in the Central Gneissic-Migmatitic Complex (Figure 1). Samples from the Gneissic-Migmatitic complex, late tectonic granitoids and basic rocks associated to the metamorphic belts were analyzed using Rb/Sr, U/Pb, K/Ar and Sm/Nd methodologies. The age ranges obtained for granitoids

Room source management decontamination in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blanco, D.; Montanez, Osvaldo

1998-01-01

A surface,work materials and tools contamination it produced for Ra-226 sources management in des use in Uruguayan radioactive waste and sources management and storage room specifically in the Uruguay Republic University in Nuclear Search Center. A surface contamination direct was performed measurement with Eberline alpha particles Contamat FHT 111M with 42 496/30 sounder. It found greater and least contamination grade in all cement floor as well as in tables where was managed with Ra-226 sources. A value measured surface contamination can see in the Room scheme with more 200 Bq/cm in extension small places. A segregation between work materials and tools considerate d free contamination was realized. The contaminated objects was separated for a future treatment. A proceeding followed in the decontamination was inhale, abrasion,sweep essays in different representative zones, obtain decontamination factors and residual activity

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. La Union Sheet J-29

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, C.; Veroslavsky, G.; Oyantcabal, P.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (La Union) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the Holocene Pleistocene, Pliocene, Oligocene and Precambrian period. This area is located in the eastern of Montevideo and the South West of Canelones

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Guaycuru Sheet M-24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garat, I.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Guaycuru)) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to the Cenozoic and Precambrian period. The Cuaycuru area is located in the West of the Rio de la Plata socket constituted by metamorphic belts and is associated with migmatitic and intrusive granitoids

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Piraraja Sheet F-23

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Piraraja) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to Cenozoic, Cretaceous, Jurassic and Precambrian period.The Pirafja fotoplano is located in Lavalleja and geomorphologically is constituted by the Lavalleja group, the Atlantic socket, Piraraja granite and the Barriga Negra group

Mobbing in schools and hospitals in Uruguay : Prevalence and relation to loss of status

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buunk, Abraham P.; Franco, Silvia; Dijkstra, Pieternel; Zurriaga, Rosario

2017-01-01

In the present study in secondary schools and hospitals in Uruguay (N = 187), we examined the relationship between feeling the victim of mobbing and a perceived loss of status. Nearly all forms of mobbing were more prevalent among hospital employees than among school employees. Among hospital

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Paso del Palmar Sheet N-19

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I.; Montana, J.; Morales, H.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Paso del Palmar) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils belong to Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary period in San Gregorio, Arapey, Mercedes, Asencio and Fray Bentos formations

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Cuchilla del Ombu. Sheet H-12

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montana, J.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Cuchilla del Ombu) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological, lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils. In crystalline rocks have been recognized four basic units: porphyritic granite, Cunapiru granite, Cunapiru subvolcanic microgranite and metamorfites

[Rejecting or prioritizing life? The ambiguities of AIDS biopolitics in Uruguay].

Science.gov (United States)

Reihling, Hanspeter

2010-06-01

The biopolitics of aids in Uruguay could be seen between two big poles: the investment and the rejection of life. The productive mode can be expressed in the treatment of children who contracted HIV through mother to child transmission. For these children the infection in many cases becomes an asset until they reach adolescence. Except of some efforts of forced detention and mandatory testing, the public health system as well as NGOs show little interest in assisting adolescence infected or affected by HIV/aids. This is the result of a moral economy which marks people who are able to transmit the virus sexually or who have contracted it through sexual intercourse. Especially HIV positive mothers are seen as irresponsible and dangerous in contraposition to their "pure" offspring. However, this moral discourse hardly takes into account the larger social and economic context in which those mothers contracted the virus and as they faced Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The life history of an adolescent boy will be told in order to reflect upon the modes of inclusion and exclusion of people living with HIV/aids since the beginning of the epidemic in Uruguay. Although the case is not representative, it identifies dynamics within the Uruguayan health system which are difficult to discern through conventional statistical methods.

Aplicación del fideicomiso en Uruguay. Protección de derechos de acreedores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonzalo Garmendia Vázquez

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The banking crisis of 2002 and the problems in the uruguayan capital market since 1998 ascribe importance to the theme of creditor´s rights protection. In adittion, the present context determines the necessity to develop diverse financial instruments to banking credit. It is in this framework that the Fideicomiso Law is approved in October 2003. Thus, the present article analizes the situation of creditor´s rights protection, an important element for an adequate utilization of Fideicomiso in Uruguay. We review the three elements that it includes: the normative precepts, the institutions that dictate and control them, and the efficiency of the Warranty´s System. The conclusion is that there are no particular problems with the precepts or with the efficiency of the Warranty´s System, a situation that is different with the institution that dictates and controls the normativity related to Fideicomiso, that is, the Central Bank of Uruguay.

Statute of Limitations in Uruguay and the ethical-political essence of the left

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Buriano

2011-07-01

Full Text Available This paper compares parties and citizen behavior in the referendum and plebiscite of 1989 and 2009 in Uruguay, concerning the derogation or repeal of articles of the amnesty law, as well as the unfinished epilogue of this process. This will allow us to observe a change in the axis-force that drives citizens' initiatives in the matter. While in 1989 the Frente Amplio (FA assumed and promoted the derogatory referendum, in 2009 the social organizations won the centrality of the scene. In that last year the negative position and subsequent support for the plebiscite campaign by the partisan left. Its virtual absence from the coalition generates doubts about the management of the demands concerning human rights and the ethical-doctrinal nature of the partisan left. Although in 2010 the FA tried to resume leadership, it was weakened by an internal dispute that resulted in contempt towards the legislative debate to neutralize the effects of the act. The civic, identity and perhaps political configuration of the XXI century Uruguay will depend on the resolution of this gap.

Modelos basados en grafos: una aplicación al estudio del gasto de cruceristas en Uruguay || Graph-Based Models: An Application to the Study of Cruise Passengers' Expenditure in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Brida, Juan Gabriel

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo introduce el uso de grafos en el análisis de los determinantes del gasto de los turistas y lo aplica al estudio del comportamiento de los pasajeros de cruceros que desembarcan en Uruguay en los puertos de Montevideo y Punta del Este. Este enfoque ofrece un abordaje alternativo a los usualmente empleados para analizar los determinantes del gasto turístico al introducir una representación gráfica que permite sintetizar y visualizar las relaciones entre el conjunto de variables que caracterizan a los turistas o grupos de turistas y los determinantes de su nivel de gasto. En particular, la metodología permite representar las relaciones de dependencia entre variables (entre nodos adyacentes e independencias condicionadas (entre nodos no adyacentes. Para su aplicación, se consideran datos individuales de las encuestas realizadas a cruceristas correspondientes a la temporada de cruceros comprendida entre noviembre de 2014 y abril de 2015, ambos incluidos, en Uruguay. Se estudia la existencia de dependencias de las variables relativas a registrar el gasto de los cruceristas con otras variables (sociodemográficas, de contexto, etc.. El estudio muestra que las variables que mejor explican el comportamiento de los visitantes son las vinculadas al puerto de desembarco y al gasto. Asimismo, los resultados muestran que las variables socioeconómicas no están vinculadas al gasto en forma directa. || This paper introduces the use of graphs in the analysis of the determinants of tourists' expenditure, providing an alternative approach to the methods usually employed. Graph-based analysis is applied to study the behavior of cruise passengers arriving at the ports of Montevideo and Punta del Este in Uruguay. The graphical representation allows to synthesize and visualize the relationships between the set of variables that characterize tourists or tourist groups and the determinants of their level of spending. The graph-based methodology is

Light in Rural Schools, polyclinics and police detachment : inventory of 210 rural units, energetic and socio economics review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santiago Silva, T.

1994-01-01

With the aim to the future solar installations system in the rural area it has been done a report about 210 rural units placed in: Rivera, Tacuarembo, Salto, Paysandu, Florida, Flores, Lavalleja, Durazno, Cerro largo y Rio Negro departments

Light in Rural Schools, polyclinics and police detachment : inventory of 210 rural units, energetic and socio economics review; Luz para Escuelas, policlinicas y destacamentos policiales rurales: relevamiento de 210 unidades rurales, evaluacion energetica y socioeconomica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santiago Silva, T [Red fotovoltaica Latino-Europea patrocinada por CC.EE. (Uruguay)

1994-07-01

With the aim to the future solar installations system in the rural area it has been done a report about 210 rural units placed in: Rivera, Tacuarembo, Salto, Paysandu, Florida, Flores, Lavalleja, Durazno, Cerro largo y Rio Negro departments.

Law 16.097 Prevention program of uterine cervix cancer in Uruguay: Uterine cervix cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

Every year in Uruguay, is diagnosed around 600 new cases of cancer of uterine cervix. Next important information was related on this cancer and the evolution that will have the carrying of this illness, it was informed about the prevention, symptoms, I diagnose and treatment of the same one

Technical Cooperation. Project No. 77.210.9. Geological German Mission in Uruguay. Final report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roth, W.

1983-01-01

This report shows the result of work carried out in the framework of the German mission in Uruguay. The main results obtained were the general inventory of non metallic raw as well as important raw materials investigation such as bentonite, limestone, fluorite, graphite, talc and materials for construction

Activation of shared identities on the Uruguayan and Brazilian frontier triggered by the construction of Uruguay as a consumption proposal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberta Brandalise

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Estudamos a participação do jornalismo brasileiro na articulação de representações sociais e de identidades culturais na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai, a partir das apropriações e usos que brasileiros e uruguaios fronteiriços fizeram de narrativas noticiosas sobre o Uruguai e que eles consideraram relevantes em seu cotidiano. Realizamos o estudo de caso sob a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais Britânicos e Latino-Americanos, com entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a uma amostra de 12 fronteiriços. O Uruguai foi caracterizado no discurso jornalístico como uma proposta de consumo, como destino turístico ou em função de seus produtos e recursos naturais. As narrativas noticiosas colaboraram para reforçar a identificação entre uruguaios e brasileiros com respeito ao pertencimento regional e ao estilo de vida.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Comunicação; Consumo; Fronteiras; Uruguai; Brasil.     ABSTRACT We studied the participation of Brazilian journalism in the articulation of social representations and of cultural identities on the Brazilian and Uruguayan border based on the news narratives about Uruguay that frontier Brazilians and Uruguayans appropriated, made use of and considered relevant in their everyday lives. We conducted the study case from the perspective of British and Latin American social studies, using semi-structured interviews for questioning 12 frontier people. Uruguay was featured in newspaper discourse as a consumption proposal, a tourist destination, or a stand for its products and natural resources. The narrative news helped to reinforce the mutual identification of Uruguayans and Brazilians with respect to their belonging to the region and their life style.   KEYWORDS: Communication; Consumption; Frontiers; Uruguay; Brazil.     RESUMEN Estudiamos la participación del periodismo brasileño en la articulación de representaciones sociales y de identidades culturales en la frontera Brasil-Uruguay, a partir de las

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness in Uruguay: results of a nationwide survey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Gallarreta

2014-10-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To investigate and describe the prevalence and causes of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment in older adults living in Uruguay. METHODS: All individuals aged ≥ 50 years old living in randomly selected clusters were eligible to participate. In each census enumeration unit selected, 50 residents aged 50 years and older were chosen to participate in the study using compact segment sampling. The study participants underwent visual acuity (VA measurement and lens examination; those with presenting VA (PVA < 20/60 also underwent direct ophthalmoscopy. Moderate visual impairment (MVI was defined as PVA < 20/60-20/200, severe visual impairment (SVI was defined as PVA < 20/200-20/400, and blindness was defined as PVA < 20/400, all based on vision in the better eye with available correction. RESULTS: Out of 3 956 eligible individuals, 3 729 (94.3% were examined. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness was 0.9% (95% confidence interval (CI: 0.5-1.3. Cataract (48.6% and glaucoma (14.3% were the main causes of blindness. Prevalence of SVI and MVI was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.5-1.3 and 7.9% (95% CI: 6.0-9.7 respectively. Cataract was the main cause of SVI (65.7%, followed by uncorrected refractive error (14.3%, which was the main cause of MVI (55.2%. Cataract surgical coverage was 76.8% (calculated by eye and 91.3% (calculated by individual. Of all eyes operated for cataract, 70.0% could see ≥ 20/60 and 15.3% could not see 20/200 post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of blindness in Uruguay is low compared to other Latin American countries, but further reduction is feasible. Due to Uruguay's high cataract surgical coverage and growing proportion of people ≥ 50 years old, the impact of posterior pole diseases as a contributing factor to blindness might increase in future.

Caracterización, distribución y manejo de los bosques nativos en el norte de Uruguay Characterization, distribution and management of native forests in northern Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ignacio P. Traversa-Tejero

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Los bosques del norte de Uruguay sufren de procesos de transformación del territorio y degradación, actualmente existe escasa información sobre la estructura y composición florística de las comunidades arbóreas que sirva como base para estudiar su dinámica. Se analizó la distribución, la composición arbórea y el manejo silvícola de los bosques de la región de Rivera, Uruguay. El área de estudio comprende 33 000 ha delimitadas mediante 2 criterios, uno natural (cuenca hidrológica y otro socioeconómico (ciudad de referencia. La información proveniente de inventarios florísticos y encuestas a productores fue ingresada a un sistema de información geográfica. Los bosques se agruparon de acuerdo al gradiente hídrico asociado con curvas de nivel. La superficie de los bosques ocupa el 13.9% del área de estudio (región de Rivera, cifra que triplica la superficie de bosques existente a nivel nacional. Se registraron 60 especies leñosas. Las familias con mayor frecuencia fueron Anacardiaceae (26.5% y Euphorbiaceae (14.7%. Las Anacardiaceae son más frecuentes en los bosques subxerófilos y las Euphorbiaceae en los bosques hidrófilos. Todos los bosques son vulnerables debido a la mayor importancia que se concede a la ganadería, sin que exista un manejo integrado de los bosques que contemple la multifuncionalidad de usos (silvicultura y ganadería. Los bosques cercanos a la ciudad están más degradados debido a la presencia de especies exóticas.The northern region of Uruguay undergoes land transformation processes, and degradation of native forest. The existing information on the structure and floristic composition of the forests in that region, as a basis for studies about dynamics, is scarce. Species distribution, floristic composition (wooden species and forest management, was assessed in the Rivera Region, Uruguay. The study area (33 000 ha was delimited by 2 simultaneous and complementary approaches, the first one natural

Detección de cepas de Neisseria meningitidis resistentes a rifampicina en el Uruguay Detection of rifampicin-resistant strains of Neisseria meningitidis in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Pérez Giffoni

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar fenotípica y genotípicamente dos aislamientos de Neisseria meningitidis resistentes a rifampicina relacionados con dos eventos independientes de transmisión de enfermedad meningocócica grave que se presentaron en septiembre y octubre de 2010 en Montevideo, Uruguay. Se revisó también la base de datos de la vigilancia nacional de resistencia a los antimicrobianos de los últimos 10 años, para estimar la frecuencia de la particularidad de los meningococos caracterizados. La resistencia a rifampicina se estudió por el método epsilométrico. El serotipo y serosubtipo de los aislamientos se determinaron por ELISA y la caracterización genotípica se realizó por digestión del ADN con NheI y electroforesis en gel con campo pulsátil. Ambos aislamientos eran idénticos, B:2a:P1.5, y su fenotipo no figuraba en la colección de 408 cepas de N. meningitidis aisladas en el Uruguay en los últimos 10 años, con la excepción de dos aislamientos sensibles a rifampicina. Los dos aislamientos estudiados también compartían un pulsotipo único, diferente del de otros dos aislamientos resistentes a rifampicina obtenidos en 2003 y 2007. Por lo tanto, ambos eventos de transmisión fueron causados por una única cepa resistente a rifampicina, que podría haberse introducido al país desde otras regiones o haberse originado por un cambio del serogrupo C al B, como producto de la presión selectiva ejercida por vacunas administradas a la población. Es necesario mantener y extremar la vigilancia. No obstante, en vista de que hasta el momento este tipo de hallazgo ha sido esporádico, no se justifica cambiar el fármaco antimicrobiano que se administra a los contactos para la profilaxis, a menos que se identifique un caso secundario.The objective of this study was to characterize the phenotype and genotype of two isolates of rifampicin-resistant Neisseria meningitidis associated with two independent events

Computer analysis to the geochemical of soil and stream sediments data in an area of Southern Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spangenberg, J.

2012-01-01

This work is about geochemical interpretation of multi-element data from a soil and stream sediment survey carried out in Southern of Uruguay .This zone has several occurrences of metal sulphide mineralization

Vulnerability of family livestock farming on the Livramento-Rivera border of Brazil and Uruguay: Comparative analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P. D. Waquil

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Social, ecological, and economic sciences have all shown interest in studying the social group called family livestock farmers. The main characteristic of this group, which is present in the Pampa biome in Southern Brazil and Uruguay, is beef cattle production based on family work on small lands, expressing an autonomous way of life which is, however, highly dependent on strong relations with the physical environment and marked by risk aversion. In this study we made a comparative analysis of vulnerability factors of family livestock farming in Brazil and Uruguay. We also compared these social actors’ perceptions of risks, and the strategies built to mitigate threats. A survey was thus carried out and included 16 family livestock farmers’ interviews, eight in each country,near the cities of Santana do Livramento (Brazil and Rivera (Uruguay. Although these cities are next to each other on each side of the border and thus present environmental similarities, we chose them because family farming was not subjected to the same political and economic conditions which might (or might not have influenced farmers’ perceptions and reactions. Results showed that livestock farmers were mainly affected by vulnerabilities arising from external elements such as the climate (e.g. droughts or harsh winters, but also from internal elements (lack of land access and successors. From the family livestock farmers’ standpoint, the highest risks to their production systems and social system reproduction were more related to climate than to price and market variations.

Políticas y planes de lectura: El caso de Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Ceretta Soria, María Gladys

2012-01-01

Public policies for reading promotion are analyzed. It is enhanced the design of national plans, in relation with the socio educative context of a country. It is presented a brief revision of some actions in favor of reading promotion in iberoamerican countries, and the national reading plan of Uruguay is analyzed in detail. Concepts such as reading campaign, reading promotion, book and reading animation activities, and reading public policies are defined. Reading is evaluated in the new soci...

Estratigrafía del Grupo Mina Verdun, Proterozoico de Minas, Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Poiré, Daniel G.; González, Pablo D.; Canalicchio, José M.; García Repetto, Flavio

2005-01-01

El objetivo del presente trabajo es el de presentar un cuadro estratigráfico para las sedimentitas del área del Cerro Verdún, Minas, Uruguay. Asimismo presentar algunas consideraciones sobre sus características sedimentológicas y sus estromatolitos, a fin de discutir sus condiciones paleoambientales. En el mismo sentido, se realizan inferencias sobre la edad abarcada por estas rocas y sus potenciales correlaciones regionales. Esta sucesión ha permanecido indefinida en general, mientras que su...

Lead contamination and repercussion about of the Uruguay health: and antecedents and actual situation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manay, N.

2001-01-01

Many years ago, the Toxicology and environmental Hygiene Lectureship of the Chemical College from Uruguay, had been studing effects in the man of the lead environmental, toxicity and risks, blood lead in uruguayan children and possible sources of exposure. Studies of PB-S in blood and results values have been given too

Interpretation of the phosphate showings found in Uruguay. Recommendations for a a working programme

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slansky, M.

1983-01-01

The radioactive anomalies put in evidence during the investigation of uranium and the mining inventory carried out in Uruguay, are due to rocks more or less strongly phosp hated of the top proterozoic and of the paleozoic. These anomalies drive to interrogating ourselves on the possibilities of existence of deposits of phosphates exploitable

Essential oils of Mentha pulegium and Mentha rotundifolia from Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lorenzo Daniel

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from leaves of Mentha pulegium L. and Mentha rotundifolia (L. Huds. from Uruguay were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Oxygen-containing monoterpenes were the main group of constituents in both oils. Pulegone, isomenthone and menthone were the major components in the oil of M. pulegium, whereas piperitenone oxide and (Z-sabinene hydrate were the major ones in M. rotundifolia. Enantiomerically pure (--menthone, (+-isomenthone, (+-isomenthol, (--menthol and (+-pulegone were detected by multidimensional gas chromatography in the case of M. pulegium oil.

Uruguay: a la espera del beso del príncipe

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enrique Roldós

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En Uruguay, la concentración de los medios llega a una situación extrema: la televisión abierta es dueña también del cable, como antes lo era de ls radios de mayor audiencia. El poder del oligopolio condiciona ahora al estrato político que favoreció su crecimiento; desde su posición de fuerza la televisión uruguaya "pone en su lugar al gobierno". Sin embargo, para algunos, este podría ser su último éxito

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Bizcocho Sheet N-0-21

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ford, I; Gancio, F

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Bizcocho) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics of the lower Proterozoic in the socket of the La Plata river, Upper Cretaceous in Mercedes and Asencio formations, lower Tertiary in Palmitas and Fray Bentos formations and soils characteristics of the Quaternary period

New records of Psomophis obtusus (Cope, 1863 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae in Argentina and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Di Pietro, Diego O.

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Herein we report the southernmost locality of the genus Psomophis and a new department record of Psomophis obtusus in Uruguay. We analyzed 23 specimens of P. obtusus deposited at the Herpetological Collections of the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia" (MACN, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Iológicas (CENAI, housed at MACN, and Museo de La Plata (MLP.

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination as an Indicator of Viral Contamination in a Sedimentary Aquifer in Uruguay.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Gamazo, P; Victoria, M; Schijven, J F; Alvareda, E; Tort, L F L; Ramos, J; Burutaran, L; Olivera, M; Lizasoain, A; Sapriza, G; Castells, M; Colina, R

2018-01-01

In Uruguay, groundwater is frequently used for agricultural activities, as well as for human consumption in urban and rural areas. As in many countries worldwide, drinking water microbiological quality is evaluated only according to bacteriological standards and virological analyses are not

Fortalecimiento del sistema judicial del Uruguay por la capacitación del sector humano; de la organización e integración de las escuelas judiciales americanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariella Leles Da Silva Orcoyen

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Contenido: Introducción. Poder judicial. Ministerio Público y Fiscal. Estatuto de los jueces. Reforma procesal.  El fortalecimiento de la justicia por la reforma procesal. Centro de Estudios Judiciales del Uruguay. Capacitación.Capacitación para el ingreso a la magistratura. Resultados obtenidos. Estadísticas. Perspectivas futuras. Rol del Centro de Estudios Judiciales del Uruguay en la carrera judicial. Autoridades del Centro de Estudios Judiciales del Uruguay. Federación Americana de Escuelas de Formación y Perfeccionamiento de Magistrados y Centros de Estudios Judiciales

Estimating the economic effects of cystic echinococcosis: Uruguay, a developing country with upper-middle income.

Science.gov (United States)

Torgerson, P R; Carmona, C; Bonifacino, R

2000-10-01

Cost-benefit analyses, run before the commencement of a programme to control a parasitic disease, should include estimates of the economic losses attributable to the disease. Uruguay, a middle-income, developing country, has a recent history of persistent problems with cystic echinococcosis, in both its human population and livestock. The economic effects in Uruguay of this disease, caused by the larval stage of the canine tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, have now been evaluated. Data on the incidence of the disease, in humans and livestock, were used to construct cost estimates. The estimated minimum cost (U.S.$2.9 million/year) was based on the condemnation costs of infected offal together with the actual costs of the hospital treatment of the human cases. The estimate of the maximum cost (U.S.$22.1 million/year) also included the production losses resulting from lower livestock efficiency and the reduced income of individuals with morbidity attributable to the disease.

La imprescriptibilidad de los crímenes contra la humanidad en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Manuel Sánchez Patrón

2014-06-01

Full Text Available La ratificación del Convenio sobre la imprescriptibilidad de los crímenes de guerra y de los crímenes de lesa humanidad por parte de Uruguay, constituye un primer paso dirigido a limitar la impunidad de los partícipes en la comisión de estas infracciones internacionales. Para la consecución de esta misma finalidad, el Estado Uruguayo ha dado un segundo paso, consistente en la ratificación del Estatuto de la Corte Penal Internacional, lo que ha llevado a efecto casi un año después del anterior. Ambas decisiones demuestran la intención de Uruguay de comprometerse Internacionalmente con el fin de evitar la impunidad de los responsables de la comisión de determinadas figuras delictivas, especialmente los crímenes de guerra y los crímenes contra la humanidad, ya que en tomo a estas dos infracciones internacionales gravitan los convenios internacionales a los que nos acabamos de referir.Contenido: imprescriptibilidad de los crímenes contra la humanidad en el pasado. Imprescriptibilidad de los crímenes contra la humanidad en el presente. Imprescriptibilidad de los crímenes contra la humanidad en el futuro. Conclusiones

Spawning of migratory fish species between two reservoirs of the upper Uruguay River, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David A. Reynalte-Tataje

Full Text Available This study investigated the migratory fish spawning within the reservoirs of the Machadinho and Itá dams (upper Uruguay River, Brazil and its relationship to environmental variables. Sampling was conducted in the lotic region of the river in two sites between the dams' reservoirs: Uruguay (main river and Ligeiro (tributary. Sampling included nine consecutive reproductive periods (RP spanning the period from 2001 to 2010 and was conducted at night on the water surface using cylindrical-conical plankton nets (0.5 mm mesh; environmental variables were also recorded. The spawning of the migratory species Salminus brasiliensis, Prochilodus lineatus, and Steindachneridion scriptum was registered: S. brasiliensis and P. lineatus spawned in the tributary river at the end of spring/beginning of summer, during flooding and during periods of high water temperature. Steindachneridion scriptum spawned in the main river at the beginning of spring. The study showed that S. brasiliensis, P. lineatus, and S. scriptum are able to spawn in small lotic river stretches within two reservoirs, but only under very specific and not common environmental conditions.

El Poder Simbólico de las Gremiales Ganaderos en el Uruguay Contemporáneo The simbolic power of cattle raisers' associations in contemporary Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Riella

2004-06-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se buscará estudiar el amplio poder de influencia que los grandes estancieros y sus gremiales logran mantener desde hace más de un siglo en el Uruguay. Mediante el análisis de la dimensión simbólica del mundo social agrario estudiaremos las prácticas discursivas de las Gremiales Ganaderas - Asociación Rural del Uruguay y Federación Rural - como parte central de su estrategia simbólica para mantener su hegemonía en el campo social agrario. En este sentido, creemos que la construcción social del territorio en nuestro país se asienta en la forma de percepción impuesta por el poder simbólico de este grupo que ha hecho de sus formas particulares de apropiación y uso de la tierra la única forma posible y legítima de utilización de los recursos naturales. Para el análisis de las prácticas discursivas partimos del supuesto de que las organizaciones sociales, gremiales y corporativas están siempre inmersas en luchas simbólicas, ya que en ellas está en juego la realización objetiva de sus intereses a largo plazo. Utilizando los términos de Merton, podríamos afirmar que, más allá de la función manifiesta de una organización - gremial, comercial, profesional -, siempre hay una función latente que procura imponer a sus adversarios y a la opinión pública la "visión del mundo" propia del grupo que representa. En consecuencia, en las prácticas discursivas de estos agentes podremos encontrar claramente expresado su poder, sus alianzas, sus conflictos, lo que nos permite acceder a la comprensión de su estrategia simbólica de reproducción social.This article will try to study the broad influence and power maintained by large landowners and their associations since over a century ago in Uruguay. Based on the analysis of the symbolic dimensions of the agrarian world, we will study discursive practices of Cattle Owners Associations - Asociación Rural del Uruguay and Federación Rural - as a core part of their

Report on Evaluation of Tender for the Valentine Iron Ore Project in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1981-01-01

This report prepared by Dastur Engineering International GmbH (DEI)Consulting Engineers, Dusseldorf at the instance of United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) seeks to present an evaluation of the feasibility study presented by Republica Oriental del Uruguay, Ministerio de Industria y- Energia (Project Authority) by the Brazilian Consortium (comprising Tenenga, Coferraz, Cimetal and Interbras) along with a project BID including financing possibilities. In accordance with the contract requirements, this Draft Final Report is being submitted. Based on the comments to be received on the findings incorporated in this Draft Final Report from UNIDO and Project Authorities in Uruguay, the Final Report will be prepared and submitted to UNIDO in accordance with the time schedule stipulated in the contract between UNIDO and DEI. The aims of the Project are:a) The development objective is the utilisation of the country's natural resources by exploiting the iron ore deposits of Valentines, for iron and steel production. b)The immediate objective is to evaluate the tenders for the execution of a project to undertake the industrial exploitation of the iron or deposits in close co-operation and co-ordination with the Uruguayan authorities.

Practices to Reduce Milk Carbon Footprint on Grazing Dairy Farms in Southern Uruguay: Case Studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Carbon footprint (CF) is an increasingly relevant indicator to estimate the impact of a product on climate change. This study followed international guidelines to quantify the CF of milk produced on 24 dairy farms in Uruguay. Cows were grazed all year and supplemented with concentrate feeds. These d...

In the wake of structural adjustment programs: Exploring the relationship between domestic policies and health outcomes in Argentina and Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliver, Helen C

2006-01-01

The implementation of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) in developing countries has been followed by a marked reduction in their progress on economic growth, health outcomes, and social indicators. Comprehensive and contextualized explorations of the effects of SAPs are needed to assist health and social policy-makers in better determining responses to such programs that continue to dominate global trade, aid and debt cancellation negotiations. A comparative case study of Argentina and Uruguay was developed exploring the effects of SAPs on health. Using a framework developed to analyze the relationship between globalization and health, changes in domestic policies resulting from SAPs and the corresponding economic, social and health outcomes of the countries were explored. In general, SAPs were implemented with greater severity and speed in Argentina than in Uruguay, with the greatest differences occurring over the 1980s. The more gradual and modest reforms implemented in Uruguay were associated with better economic, social and health outcomes. Findings support those of previous studies demonstrating that countries that have maintained more dynamic public social and health programming while applying SAPs have been better able to protect the health of the most vulnerable sectors of society.

Farmers versus ideas: explaining the continuity in French agricultural trade policy during the GATT Uruguay Round

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Alons, G.C.

2014-01-01

France's protectionist position regarding agricultural trade is often claimed to result from French farm lobby influence. This article challenges such established claims, based on an analysis of French decision-making on the agricultural chapter of the GATT Uruguay Round. Farm lobby pressure cannot

Reduction of secondhand tobacco smoke in public places following national smoke-free legislation in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Blanco-Marquizo, Adriana; Goja, Beatriz; Peruga, Armando; Jones, Miranda R; Yuan, Jie; Samet, Jonathan M; Breysse, Patrick N; Navas-Acien, Ana

2010-06-01

Smoke-free legislation eliminating tobacco smoke in all indoor public places and workplaces is the international standard to protect all people from exposure to secondhand smoke. Uruguay was the first country in the Americas and the first middle-income country in the world to enact a comprehensive smoke-free national legislation in March 2006. To compare air nicotine concentrations measured in indoor public places and workplaces in Montevideo, Uruguay before (November 2002) and after (July 2007) the implementation of the national legislation. Air nicotine concentrations were measured for 7-14 days using the same protocol in schools, a hospital, a local government building, an airport and restaurants and bars. A total of 100 and 103 nicotine samples were available in 2002 and 2007, respectively. Median (IQR) air nicotine concentrations in the study samples were 0.75 (0.2-1.54) microg/m(3) in 2002 compared to 0.07 (0.0-0.20) microg/m(3) in 2007. The overall nicotine reduction comparing locations sampled in 2007 to those sampled in 2002 was 91% (95% CI 85% to 94%) after adjustment for differences in room volume and ventilation. The greatest nicotine reduction was observed in schools (97% reduction), followed by the airport (94% reduction), the hospital (89% reduction), the local government building (86% reduction) and restaurants/bars (81% reduction). Exposure to secondhand smoke has decreased greatly in indoor public places and workplaces in Montevideo, Uruguay, after the implementation of a comprehensive national smoke-free legislation. These findings suggest that it is possible to successfully implement smoke-free legislations in low and middle-income countries.

Characterization of home gardens in northern Uruguay and methodology for its diagnosis

OpenAIRE

Ignacio Traversa; Reyes Alejano

2013-01-01

An ecological, productive and social diagnosis of homegardens in Northern Uruguay is displayed in this paper, as well as methodology to achieve it, that could be used in other similar systems. The fieldwork consisted of interactive surveys to producers and field inventories for gathering information on the social, technical, productive and ecologicalaspects of green orchards. . A map of the orchards was done by using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The homegarden is organic, aligned ...

ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF PUBLIC COMPANIES IN URUGUAY: THEIR EVOLUTION AND PERFORMANCE

OpenAIRE

Magdalena Bertino; Natalia Mariño; Martina Querejeta; Milton Torrelli; Daniela Vásquez

2013-01-01

This paper combines two interrelated approaches to examine the evolution of the state as entrepreneur in Uruguay over its century of existence. One of them uses qualitative sources to reconstruct its development, identifying two periods in this evolution; these coincide with the different development models that the country and the world have adopted since the Thirties. During the first one the state progressively expanded its functions and the expansion of public companies played an importan...

Mining inventory of Uruguay. Geochemistry prospection results about the aerial photography - Moirones and Alborada

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Spangenberg, J.

1981-01-01

This report show the geochemistry prospect ion strategy used to do the Mining inventory of Uruguay about the aerial photography of Moirones and Alborada.The samples obtained and its analysis was carried out in the Orleans laboratory.For that study was selected : anomaly Pb-Zn-Mo, one Zn-Ba, two anomalies Zn, two anomalies Be and one radiometric anomaly.

Geology of hole drill thermal infra basaltic (Guarani Aquifer System) in Salto Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso, C.; Muzio, R.; Marmisolle, J.; De Souza, S.

2004-01-01

This paper deals with the lithological description of a thermal infrabasaltic (Guarani Aquifer System) hole drill cutting in Dayman (Kanarek Hotel), Salto department (Uruguay). This hole drill shows 152 meters of Buena Vista Formation (Upper Permian- Lower Triassic), 188 meters of Tacuarembo Formation (Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous) and 940meters of Arapey Formation (Lower Cretaceous). Petrographical studies of six basaltic levels were done [es

Provenance and paleogeography of the Devonian Durazno Group, southern Parana Basin in Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Uriz, N. J.; Cingolani, C. A.; Basei, M. A. S.; Blanco, G.; Abre, P.; Portillo, N. S.; Siccardi, A.

2016-03-01

A succession of Devonian cover rocks occurs in outcrop and in the subsurface of central-northern Uruguay where they were deposited in an intracratonic basin. This Durazno Group comprises three distinct stratigraphic units, namely the Cerrezuelo, Cordobés and La Paloma formations. The Durazno Group does not exceed 300 m of average thickness and preserves a transgressive-regressive cycle within a shallow-marine siliciclastic shelf platform, and is characterized by an assemblage of invertebrate fossils of Malvinokaffric affinity especially within the Lower Devonian Cordobés shales. The sedimentary provenance of the Durazno Group was determined using petrography, geochemistry, and morphological studies of detrital zircons as well as their U-Pb ages. Sandstone petrography of Cerrezuelo and La Paloma sequences shows that they have a dominantly quartz-feldspathic composition with a minor contribution of other minerals. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that alteration was strong in each of the three formations studied; chondritic-normalized REE patterns essentially parallel to PAAS, the presence of a negative Eu-anomaly, and Th/Sc and La/Hf ratios point to an average source composition similar to UCC or slightly more felsic. Within the Cerrezuelo Formation, recycling of older volcano-metasedimentary sources is interpreted from Zr/Sc ratios and high Hf, Zr, and REE concentrations. U-Pb detrital zircon age populations of the Cerrezuelo and La Paloma formations indicate that the principal source terranes are of Neoproterozoic age, but include also minor populations derived from Mesoproterozoic and Archean-Paleoproterozoic rocks. A provenance from the Cuchilla Dionisio-Dom Feliciano, Nico Pérez and Piedra Alta terranes of Uruguay and southern Brazil is likely. This study establishes an intracratonic extensional tectonic setting during Durazno time. Considering provenance age sources, regional paleocurrent distributions and the established orogenic history recorded in SW

Groundwater arsenic content in Raigon Aquifer System (San Jose, Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manay, N.; Piston, M.; Goso, C.; Fernnandez, T.; Rejas, M.; Garcia Valles, M.

2013-01-01

As a Medical Geology research issue, an environmental arsenic risk assessment study in the most important sedimentary aquifer in southern Uruguay is presented. The Raigon Aquifer System is the most exploited in Uruguay. It has a surface extent of about 1,800 square kilometres and 10,000 inhabitants in San Jose Department, where it was studied. Agriculture and cattle breeding are the main economic activities and this aquifer is the basic support. The groundwater sampling was done on 37 water samples of PRENADER (Natural Resources Management and Irrigation Development Program) wells. Outcropping sediments of Raigon Formation and the overlying Libertad Formation were also sampled in the Kiyu region. The analyses were performed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed 80% samples with arsenic levels exceeding the 10 μg/l of WHO as limit for waters, and 11% exceeds the 20 μg/l limit of uruguayan regulation. The median, maximum and minimum water arsenic concentrations determined have been 14.24, 24.19 and 1.44 μg/l, respectively. On the other hand, nine sediment samples of Raigon and Libertad Formations in Kiyu region were analysed and yielded median, maximum and minimum arsenic concentrations of 5.03, 9.82 and 1.18 ppm, respectively. This issue leads to the supposition that the population, as well as industrial and agricultural activities, are consuming water with arsenic concentrations over the national and international maximum recommended limit.

Un fantasma recorre el Uruguay: la reemergencia charrúa en un “país sin indios” / A Spectre Is Haunting Uruguay: The Charrua Reemergence in “a Country without Indians”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Verdesio

2014-07-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the reemergence of Charrua ethnicity in Uruguay, a country that has imagined itself, since de second half of the eighteenth century, as one without indigenous inhabitants. In a relatively recent framework of decolonization that has made possible the advancement of indigenous political and social agendas, the activists of the reemergent groups constitute a serious challenge to the predominant Uruguayan national narratives.

Acute Contact Toxicity Test of Oxalic Acid on Honeybees in the Southwestern Zone of Uruguay Prueba de Toxicidad Aguda por Contacto de Ácido Oxálico en Abejas de la Zona Sudoeste de Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonidas Carrasco-Letelier

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This work studies the acute contact toxicity of oxalic acid (OA on a honeybee polyhybrid subspecies (Apis mellifera, which is the dominant biotype in southwestern zone of Uruguay (SWZU and the country's most important honey-producing region. We determined the mean lethal dose (LD50, as well as the no observed effect level (NOEL and the lowest observed effect level (LOEL values. We also estimated the total number of honeybees per hive in the test area. The aim was to assess the relationship between the maximum OA dose used in Uruguay (3.1 g OA per hive and the toxicological parameters of honeybees from SWZU. The current dose of 3.1 g OA per hive corresponds to 132.8 OA per honeybee since determined NOEL is 400 OA per honeybee; our results indicate that the current dose could be increased to 9.3 g OA per hive. The results also highlight some differences between the LD50 value in SWZU honeybees (548.95 OA per honeybee and some published LD50 values for other honeybee subspecies.Este trabajo estudió la toxicidad aguda por contacto del ácido oxálico (AO sobre una subespecie poli-híbrida de abejas (Apis mellifera, la cual es el biotipo dominante en la zona sudoeste de Uruguay (SWZU, la región más importante para la producción de miel en este país. Este estudio determinó la dosis letal 50 (DL50, así como el nivel de efecto no observado (NOEL, el nivel de efecto mínimo observado (LOEL, y el número total de individuos por colmena. El propósito fue evaluar la relación entre la dosis máxima de AO usada en Uruguay (3.1 g AO por colmena y los parámetros toxicológicos de las abejas de la SWZU. Los resultados mostraron que es posible elevar la dosis actual de AO por colmena a 9.3 g, ya que la dosis actual de 3.1 g de AO corresponde a 132.8 AO por abeja, y el NOEL determinado es 400 AO por abeja. Los resultados también destacaron algunas diferencias entre la DL50 de las abejas del SWZU (548.95 AO por abeja y algunos valores de DL50 publicados

Tariffs, investments and financing of the electric power sector in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iglesias, M.I.

1991-05-01

An approach to the study of electricity prices in Uruguay, emphasizing the relation linking prices, investment funds and loan requirements for the electric utility is presented. The main part of the work is a survey of the evolution of electricity prices, amounts of investment, an external debt of the Uruguayan electric power sector from 1973 to 1988. There is also a prospective analysis, to determine whether the current electricity price level would be able to ensure the electric system expansion, if current trends are maintained. (author)

Exploring options for sustainable farming systems development for vegetable family farmers in Uruguay using a modeling toolkit

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Casagrande, M.; Dogliotti, S.; Groot, J.C.J.; Aguerre, V.; Abbas, A.; Albin, A.; Claassen, G.D.H.; Chilibroste, P.; Rossing, W.A.H.

2010-01-01

Economic and environmental sustainability of family-based vegetable production systems in south Uruguay are seriously compromised after two decades of net decreasing prices and strategies based on specialization and intensification. This paper presents a model-based exploration of alternative

Quaternary continental deposits in north of Uruguay: stratigraphy and paleontology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso Aguilar, C.; Ubilla, M.

2004-01-01

Conglomeradic and sandstones lithofacies corresponding to fluvial and alluvial environments were recognized. These sediments partially belong to the quaternary Mataojos Formation. A discordant contact with the upper pelitic deposits identified with the Sopas Formation was detected. This paper deals with sedimentological and stratigraphical considerations in order to explain the sedimentary processes during the genesis of these stratigraphic sections as well as to begin a lithostratigraphical discussion about the operability of those units. In turn, chronologic and paleoenvironment comments are provided taken into account vertebrates fossils and tools to perform chronocorrelation with southern sedimentological units of Uruguay [es

The incidence and economic significance of ovine toxoplasmosis in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Freyre, A; Bonino, J; Falcón, J; Castells, D; Correa, O; Casaretto, A

1999-02-01

Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were measured before and after pregnancy in a 1:64 dilution of sera with the direct agglutination test in 1613 ewes from 18 farms in eight different counties of Uruguay from 1992 to 1994. The overall seroprevalence increased from 28.7% before mating to 38.5% after lambing in 2.5 years and thus the incidence was 9.8%. Losses due to toxoplasmosis during pregnancy were estimated to be 1.4-3.9% of the total number of ewes investigated, amounting to approximately US$1.4-4.7 million for the whole country.

Aborto y Parlamento: un estudio sobre Brasil, Uruguay y Argentina

OpenAIRE

Rocha,Maria Isabel Baltar da; Rostagnol,Susana; Gutiérrez,María Alicia

2009-01-01

El presente trabajo desarrolla un estudio comparativo entre Brasil, Argentina y Uruguay sobre las legislaciones y las acciones de diversos actores en relación a la despenalización y/o legalización del aborto. El tema se instala en la agenda pública en los tres países a partir del proceso de democratización iniciado en la década de los 80 produciéndose diversas intervenciones tanto del movimiento de mujeres, como de las corporaciones médicas y otros actores sociales en el transcurso de la déca...

Geological map of Uruguay scale 1,100,000. Agraciada Sheet R-23, Nueva Palmira Sheet R- 24

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrando, L.; Eugui, W.; Cabrera, Z.; Elias, R.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Agraciada and Nueva Palmira) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological soil characteristics of: Fray Bentos, Camacho, Raygon, Libertad and Villa Soriano formations

Uruguay mining inventory. Geochemical prospecting results of the Las Flores aerial map

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Bonnefoy, D.; Garau, M.; Spangenberg, J.

1981-01-01

In the context of the Uruguay mining inventory, the aerial photography map Las Flores had been covered by a specific strategic which included geochemical prospecting elements. The surface covered has the 550 km2, and 1042 samples which they have been analized in Orleans France. 22 elements by plasma spectroscopy and gold by atomic absorption and for uranium laser spectroscopy . They have been evidenced the following anomalies: gold, Pb, Pb-Ba-Cu, Ba and Ni-Cr

Recent trends in cancer mortality in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Garau, M.; Alonso, R.; Musetti, C.; Barrios, E.

2010-01-01

Objective: To analyze trends in cancer mortality in Uruguay in the period 1989-2008. Methodology: The National Cancer Registry (NCR) collects information from cancer mortality from the death certificates: 147 631 deaths were identified in the period from cancer, which was recorded topography, sex and age. They were calculated for each year mortality rates adjusted for age (TMAE) using as standard the world population. Trends were assessed using the method and calculated the joinpoint Estimated Annual Percent Change (ESPP). Results: The TMAE presents downward trend in both sexes (ESPP = significant -0.60 in men and -0.49 In women). In the period studied, mortality presented decreasing trend when it comes to cancer breast cancer in women (ESPP -0.79, significant), and increased for prostate cancer (ESPP = 0.70) and kidney (ESPP = 1.82 and 1.71 in men and women respectively). As regards the digestive system decreased mortality observed for esophageal cancer (ESPP in = -1.93 men and women = -1.78) and stomach (ESPP = -2.22 men and women -2.24 ). Mortality for cancer of colorectum is stable in men (ESPP = 0.35 No significant (NS)) and shows a decline slight but steady in women (ESPP -0.5). As for cancers that show strong association with smoking, decreased mortality observed lung and laryngeal cancer in men (ESPP = -1.11 and -2.05 respectively), confirming the trend found between 1990 and 2001; in women there is increased mortality from lung cancer (ESPP = 2.76) that is not accompanied by increased mortality from laryngeal cancer (-0.1 ESPP = NS). Mortality from cancers oral cavity and pharynx is stable, but in women a significant increase (ESPP = 1.84) is observed when the oral cavity is analyzed in isolation (lip, tongue, gums, palate). As cervical cancer, mortality trends in 20 years is to increase (ESPP = 1.14), however, if consider only the past decade, mortality appears stabilized (ESPP = 0.57 NS). Conclusions: The overall trend of cancer mortality (all sites

Multiple primary tumor (TPM) in Uruguay - 2008

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Musetti, C; Garau, M; Alonso, R; Barrios, E.

2010-01-01

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of TPM in Uruguay through the RNC data. Materials and Methods: Of the incident cases registered in 2008, they were selected those presented in the database prior cancer registry. The are excluded in situ of the cervix and non-melanoma skin carcinomas. Results: At the present time are entered to the the base of the RNC 11859 new cases of cancer incidents in 2008. Of these 566 (4.7%) had a prior record of criteria selection where 308 were women and 258 men. Of these, 450 met the IACR / IARC criteria (*). (Two topographies and / or different histologies). The median age of first tumor presentation was 65 years (22-89). The second 71 years (27-94). The median of the difference was about 4 years Analyzed by gender: Breast cancer (CM) was the most frequent tumor in women, cancer as first (142) and as second (85). The most common associations (excluding Bilateral) CM, CM with gynecological tumors were (TG: ovarian and corpus uteri) 11% CM and colo-rectum (CCR) (9.4%), TG and CCR (5%). 26% of female cases occurred in two hormone-dependent tumors (CM and CM bilateral or TG). In men prostate cancer (PC) is the most common tumor as first cancer (76) but the CCR is the most frequent and second (56). The association comprises CP-CCR 15% of cases and CP association and transitional tumors (TT) 10%. The association of two or more snuff-dependent tumors was observed in 8% of cases. When discriminated by sex in men is 13%, amounting to 19% if taking into account the multiple TT, while in women corresponds to 2%. Conclusions: The profile presentation of TPM in the RNC of Uruguay is similar to that reported other records in both frequency (depending on the criteria that defined) and associated type of tumors. The most frequent associations also They are similar to those observed by other authors: CCR, CM and TG women and CCR, and CP TT in men. The association of tumors are also observed with risk common factors: in women hormonal factors linked to

Economic impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Constenla, Dagna O

2008-08-01

To evaluate the economic impact of vaccination with the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. A decision analytic model was constructed to compare pneumococcal vaccination of children 0-5 years old with no vaccination in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. Costs and health outcomes were analyzed from the societal perspective. Vaccine, demographic, epidemiologic, and cost data were incorporated into this economic analysis. At the rate of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine coverage and a vaccine price of US$ 53 per dose, PCV7 was projected to prevent 23 474 deaths per year in children under 5 years old in the three countries studied, thus averting 884,841 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) yearly. To vaccinate the entire birth cohort of the three countries, total vaccine costs would be US$ 613.9 million. At US$ 53 per dose, the cost per DALY averted from a societal perspective would range from US$ 664 (Brazil) to US$ 2019 (Chile). At a cost of US$ 10 per dose, vaccine cost is lower than the overall cost of illness averted (US$ 125,050,497 versus US$ 153,965,333), making it cost effective and cost-saving. The results of this study demonstrate that the incorporation of PCV7 vaccine at US$ 53 per dose confers health benefits at extra costs. It is unclear whether vaccinatfon at the current price is affordable to these countries.

[Seroprevalence of antibodies against Trypanosoma cruzi in 13 departments of Uruguay].

Science.gov (United States)

Salvatella, R; Calegari, L; Casserone, S; Civila, E; Carbajal, S; Pérez, G; Somma, R; Sampaio, I; Llanes, M E; Conti, M

1989-08-01

In 1985 a study was undertaken of the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in 13 departments of Uruguay where transmission of the parasite by the vector Triatoma infestans persists. A total of 5,924 serum samples were selected using a probabilistic method--3,840 from individuals over the age of 12 (sample I) and 2,084 from subjects who were 12 years old (sample II). The population was classified according to place of residence (capital city, non-capital city, suburban area, and rural area). The percentage of positive sera detected by indirect immunofluorescence in the different departments ranged from 1 to 11%, and overall seroprevalence for the area was 3.4%. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to distinguish three areas: A, with seroprevalence from 6 to 11%; B, 2 to 3.2%, and C, 1 to 1.4%. In sample II from the Departments of Paysandú, Soriano, Flores, Florida, and Durazno, no cases of Chagas' disease were detected, which suggests that there is no active transmission of T. cruzi in this age group in the area studied. The number of persons estimated to have the disease was 36,952, or 1.3% of the total population of Uruguay and 4% of the population in the area surveyed. These seroprevalence figures are similar to those recorded in the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina, and in the neighboring municipalities of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction for middle and late holocene in Uruguay southeastern New contributions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Del Puerto, L.; Bracco, R.; Inda, H.; Garcia, F.; Panario, D.; Castineira, C.; Capdepont, I.

2012-01-01

This work is about the study carried out within the framework of the environmental evolution and the prehistoric human occupation on coastal lagoons in the east of Uruguay. The analysis of the sediments in the zone enable the reconstruction of the Holocene climate history as well as the construction of the Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental model belong to the middle and late Holocene

Translations on Telecommunications Policy, Research and Development, Number 53

Science.gov (United States)

1978-09-14

Aguada, and provision of new service in housing complexes such as Parque Posadas, Carbe Aguada and Zapican. IDB Contract One of the milestones...Paysandu, Salto, La Paz, Fray Bentos, Maldonado, Peninsula, La Barra de Maldonado and Young; work began on networks for Parque del Plata, Salinas

Implicancias del uso de nonoxinol en el Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Míguez Carames

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Los disruptores endócrinos interfieren con la actividad de las hormonas en el organismo, imitando o bloqueando a las naturales. Son ubicuas y bioacumulables. Los que interfieren con estrógenos pueden provocar cáncer o una merma de la capacidad reproductora, además de cambios en el sexo de los peces y una afectación de la biodiversidad. En nuestro país aun se están consumiendo sustancias han sido prohibidas a nivel mundial por causar estos efectos. Así por ejemplo, desde enero de 2005 en Europa se ha prohibido productos con más de 0,1% de nonilfenol polietoxilado. En Uruguay se usa cada vez más, como agente de limpieza industrial (lavaderos de lana, curtiembres, institutional y doméstica (polvos de baja espuma, limpiadores. Es poco biodegradable y llega a los cursos de agua, sus sedimentos y a los seres vivos. Se debería tomar conciencia de la gravedad de este asunto y utilizar los sucedáneos para prevenir estas consecuencias.AbstractEndocrine disruptors interfere with the hormonal activity in the organism, mimicking or blocking natural hormones. They are ubiquitous and bioaccumulative. These substances interfere with estrogens and may cause cancer or a decrease in reproductive capacity in addition to changes in the sex of fish and an affectation of biodiversity. In our country we are still consuming substances that have been prohibited globally for causing these effects. For example, since January 2005 in Europe has banned products with more than 0.1% of nonylphenol polyethoxylated. In Uruguay, it is increasingly used as an industrial cleaning agent (wool washing, tanneries, institutional and domestic cleaning (low foam powdered detergents, cleaners. It has low biodegradability and reaches the waterways, sediments and living beings. We should grasp the seriousness of this matter and use substitutes to prevent these consequences.

Políticas públicas y Patrimonio Cultural en Uruguay (Ponencia)

OpenAIRE

Villarmarzo, Eugenia; Gianotti, Camila; Criado-Boado, Felipe; López Mazz, José María; Marozzi, Oscar; Capdepont, Irina; Carve, Federico; Sotelo, Moira

2010-01-01

[ES] En los últimos tiempos Uruguay ha dado impulso a una serie de instrumentos de ordenación del territorio y planificación estratégica, dentro de los cuales se integra el Patrimonio Cultural (PC). Al mismo tiempo que la normativa patrimonial comienza a discutirse pretendiendo adecuarse a esta situación cambiante, desde la Arqueología se intenta hacer aportes y generar resultados prácticos para la gestión integral del PC. Es así que, enmarcados en nuevas propuestas de gestión ...

An estimation of the wage curve for Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González Rodríguez-Villamil Cecilia

2012-09-01

Full Text Available La existencia de la relación empírica entre salario y desempleo en Uruguay, se analizada en este trabajo. Se estiman varios modelos para el período 1986-2005 utilizando dos aproximaciones para medir el salario. Se obtiene una elasticidad de -0,09 entre desempleo y salarios. La elasticidad es mayor para los jóvenes, las mujeres y los menos educados. Los resultados indican que la elasticidad crece ante choques macroeconómicos adversos. Además, al desagregar por ocupación o formalidad e informalidad, los resultados sugieren que un aumento del desempleo produce un aumento de la informalidad y del cuentapropismo que lleva a una caída de los ingresos en estos sectores, que actúan como “amortiguador”.

Vulnerability and Hydrogeologic Risk of the Guarani Aquifer System in the outcropping area located in Rivera Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montano, J.; Collazo, P.; Auge, M.

2004-01-01

The Project named Vulnerability and Hydrogeologic Risk of the Guarani Aquifer System in the outcropping area located in Rivera, Uruguay is developed by the Faculty of Science University of the Republic, together with the Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences of the University of Buenos Aires, and it is financed by the Guarani Fund of Universities - Project for the Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development of the Guarani Aquifer System. This project has the aim of researching the characteristics and the hydrogeologic behavior of the Guarani Aquifer in the North portion of Uruguay, Department of Rivera (outcropping area). Moreover, to propose measures directed to their preservation through their sustainable use. The Hydrogeologic Study of the Guarani Aquifer System in this area will contribute not only with the best knowledge in its dynamics, but also helping to take measures in the water management and to avoid potential risks of contamination [es

Susceptibilidad de Biomphalaria tenagophila de las cuencas de los ríos Paraná y Uruguay a Schistosoma mansoni Susceptibility of Biomphalaria tenagophila from the Paraná and Uruguay river basins to Schistosoma mansoni

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Edgardo Borda

1997-03-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de estudiar la posibilidad de extensión de la esquistosomiasis a las cuencas de los ríos Paraná y Uruguay se expusieron experimentalmente a infección por Schistosoma mansoni 1 711 caracoles criados en laboratorio a partir de ejemplares de Biomphalaria tenagophila recolectados en 15 poblaciones de dicha zona geográfica. Se utilizaron tres cepas de S. mansoni: la BH2, adaptada a B. glabrata, y las cepas SJ y SJ2, adaptadas a B. tenagophila. No se produjo infección de ninguno de los 543 caracoles expuestos a la cepa BH2 ni de los 668 expuestos a la SJ. En cambio, de los 500 expuestos a la cepa SJ2, fueron susceptibles a la infestación 4 de 163 caracoles (2% procedentes de Ayolas, una localidad de la cuenca del Paraná, y 8 de 45 (18% de los procedentes de Fuente Salto, en la cuenca del Uruguay. Estos hallazgos son similares a los de otras áreas geográficas en las que se han encontrado poblaciones de B. tenagophila que no se infectan y otras que sí son susceptibles a S. mansoni. Los resultados de este trabajo señalan la posibilidad de expansión de la esquistosomiasis a una amplia región de Sudamérica en la que se halla B. tenagophila.To study the possibility that schistosomiasis might be able to spread into the basins of the Paraná and Uruguay rivers, 1 711 snails were experimentally exposed to infection with Schistosoma mansoni. These snails were laboratory-bred progeny of Biomphalaria tenagophila collected from 15 populations in the geographic area under consideration. Three strains of S. mansoni were used: BH2, adapted to B. glabrata, and SJ and SJ2, adapted to B. tenagophila. None of the 543 snails exposed to the BH2 strain became infected, nor did any of the 668 exposed to SJ. However, of the 500 exposed the SJ2, 4 of 163 snails (2% from Ayolas, a locality in the Paraná basin, were susceptible, as were 8 of 45 (18% from Fuente Salto, in the Uruguay basin. These findings are similar to those of studies done in other

Integral study of the quantity and quality of the underground water in the Santa Lucia basin in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1990-01-01

This work study different aspects about the underground water in the Santa Lucia sedimentary basin in Uruguay. It is situated between the San Jose and Santa Lucia river as well as the adyacent Rio de La Plata coast.

Economic impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay Impacto económico de la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada en Brasil, Chile y Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dagna O. Constenla

2008-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the economic impact of vaccination with the pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7 in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. METHODS: A decision analytic model was constructed to compare pneumococcal vaccination of children 0-5 years old with no vaccination in Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay. Costs and health outcomes were analyzed from the societal perspective. Vaccine, demographic, epidemiologic, and cost data were incorporated into this economic analysis. RESULTS: At the rate of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP vaccine coverage and a vaccine price of US$ 53 per dose, PCV7 was projected to prevent 23 474 deaths per year in children under 5 years old in the three countries studied, thus averting 884 841 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs yearly. To vaccinate the entire birth cohort of the three countries, total vaccine costs would be US$ 613.9 million. At US$ 53 per dose, the cost per DALY averted from a societal perspective would range from US$ 664 (Brazil to US$ 2 019 (Chile. At a cost of US$ 10 per dose, vaccine cost is lower than the overall cost of illness averted (US$ 125 050 497 versus US$ 153 965 333, making it cost effective and cost-saving. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate that the incorporation of PCV7 vaccine at US$ 53 per dose confers health benefits at extra costs. It is unclear whether vaccination at the current price is affordable to these countries.OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el impacto económico de la aplicación de la vacuna antineumocócica conjugada heptavalente (PCV7 en Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. MÉTODOS: Se elaboró un modelo analítico de decisiones para comparar la vacunación antineumocócica de los niños de 0-5 años de edad con la no vacunación, en Brasil, Chile y Uruguay. Los costos y los desenlaces para la salud se analizaron desde el punto de vista de la sociedad. Al análisis económico se incorporaron los costos y los datos demográficos, epidemiológicos y de la vacuna. RESULTADOS

Dental anomalies in Didelphis albiventris (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae) from Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Chemisquy, M. Amelia; Martin, Gabriel M.

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Dental anomalies have been investigated and reported for most orders of mammals, including marsupials. Previous works in Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840 only described one kind of malformation or just a few observations from some collections, thus the type and presence of anomalies for this species was underestimated. The aim of this contribution is to describe and analyze several dental anomalies found in specimens of Didelphis albiventris from Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Dental...

Uruguay - Policy Options for Improving the Efficiency of Uruguay’s Railway Sector : Consolidated Report

OpenAIRE

World Bank

2010-01-01

The aim of this paper is to review the state of the productive infrastructure of Uruguay and the development policies that govern it and to propose policy options for the long term contribution to achieving a higher level of economic and sustainable development, based on the premise that there is a link between the development of a country's infrastructure and its economic growth. The stud...

Geological map of Uruguay Esc 1,100,000. Fuente del Puma Sheet G-27

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Preciozzi, F.; Pena, S.

1990-01-01

This work is about the geological map of Uruguay Esc.1.100.000 (Fuente del Puma) and the explanatory memoranda which describes the geological , lithological and sedimentological characteristics soils. The area corresponding to Fuente del Puma is located in the SW of Lavalleja and NW of Maldonado town and its stratigraphy belong to the Cretaceous and Cenozoic formations as well as the Cambrian and upper Precambrian

Evidencias paleoclimáticas en duricostras, paleosuelos y sedimentitas silicoclásticas del Cenozoico de Uruguay Paleoclimatic evidence in duricrust, paleosoils and siliciclastic deposit of the Cenozonic of Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Ofelia Rita Tófalo; Héctor J. M. Morrás

2009-01-01

Las sedimentitas continentales del oeste y sur de Uruguay permiten inferir importantes cambios climáticos ocurridos durante el Cenozoico, que se inicia con calizas palustres paleocenas denominadas Formación Queguay y relacionadas con calcretes freáticos que afectan principalmente a sedimentitas fluviales de la Formación Mercedes (Cretácico Tardío). La presencia de estas rocas carbonáticas indica clima semiárido, marcadamente estacional. La Formación Asencio (Eoceno temprano) está separada de ...

Los emisarios culturales del fascismo en el Uruguay de entreguerras

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Andrés Bresciano

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En el período interbélico, escritores, artistas y científicos italianos visitan Uruguay para dictar conferencias o realizar actividades de divulgación cultural. Patrocinados por el régimen fascista y recibidos por la Legación Italiana en Montevideo, se convierten en embajadores de una latinidad supuestamente renovada y aparentemente vigorosa, fruto del Nuevo Orden. El presente artículo estudia detenidamente las actividades que los visitantes realizan y las repercusiones que generan en la comunidad ítalo-uruguaya con el propósito de ilustrar las estrategias propagandísticas utilizadas por las autoridades diplomáticas que los invitan.

Consistencia de indicadores de especialización en el comercio internacional. Aplicación al caso de la mantequilla en Argentina y Uruguay // Consistency of Specialization Indicators. An Application to Argentina and Uruguay Butter International Trade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Depetris Guiguet, Edith

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar, en términos de su consistencia cardinal, ordinal y dicotómica, cinco indicadores alternativos de especialización comercial. Tres están basados en el enfoque de las ventajas comparativas reveladas: una versión simétrica del índice de Balassa, el chi-cuadrado y el índice de Ventajas Relativas del Comercio. Los otros dos están basados en el enfoque de la balanza comercial: una variante del índice de Michaely y otra del índice de Iapadre. Se aplica al caso particular del comercio mundial de mantequilla de Argentina y Uruguay en el período 1995-2006. Los resultados varían entre los dos países, habiéndose encontrado que algunos indicadores podrían utilizarse de manera sustitutiva mientras que otros deberían utilizarse de manera complementaria. En términos económicos, se detecta una especialización fluctuante según los años en Argentina y mucha estabilidad en Uruguay. // This study aims to evaluate, in terms of their cardinal, ordinal, and dichotomy consistency, five alternative comercial specialization indicators: a Balassa symmetric index version; a Chi-Squared Index; and the Relative Trade Advantage Index, all these three based on revealed comparative advantage theory; and two additional: Michaely Index variation, and Iapadre Index variation, based on trade balance flows. It is applied to the particular case of Argentina and Uruguay butter world trade during 1995-2006. The results vary for both countries. Some indicators are found to be useful as substitutes while other in a complementary manner. Economically, the indicators show that the Argentine specialization fluctuates among years while the Uruguayan is very stable.

Party-political and electoral system of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel Decresci

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The Oriental Republic of Uruguay is seen by many as a pioneer among Latin American nations to modernize its state and its policy. Since the late nineteenth century to the twentieth, Uruguayan political actors operate significant changes such as the separation of church and state, labor regulation, divorce law, women's vote, etc. Because of this and the progressive modernization, it was called the “Switzerland of the Americas”. Today, it still stands out in this area by regularizing abortion, homoaffective marriage, liberalization and access to marijuana. Moreover, noteworthy that such measures were achieved largely because of governance that the executive enjoys in the midst of this political system. Thus, this work aims to analyze such Uruguayan political system. In short, a political system is understood by the government system, the electoral system and the party system. That said, it will be analyzed in the political scenario of the country, their characteristics, party and election rules, political parties, party dynamics and relations between the powers.

Sustainability of meat production beyond carbon footprint: a synthesis of case studies from grazing systems in Uruguay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Picasso, V.D.; Modernel Hristoff, P.D.; Becona, G.; Salvo, L.; Gutierrez, L.; Astigarraga, L.

2014-01-01

Livestock production has been challenged as a large contributor to climate change, and carbon footprint has become a widely used measure of cattle environmental impact. This analysis of fifteen beef grazing systems in Uruguay quantifies the range of variation of carbon footprint, and the trade-offs

Application of geophysical methods to gold prospecting in Minas de Corrales, Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, Antonio Flavio U.; Dias, Rogerio Aguirre; Barcelos, Andre B.B. de

1993-01-01

Geophysical methods were tested in San Gregorio gold mine, Minas de Corrales, north region of Uruguay. The ores are mainly stockworks, sheeted veinlet zones, ore shoot and disseminated sulfides types, situated in a silicated and carbonated shear zone structure, over granitic mylonites, quartz diorites, quartz-feldspathic breccia, basic rocks and quartz veins. Magnetic and radiometric methods were applied . VLF and EM34-3 detected the high resistivity silicated and carbonated zone and IP detected a weak PFE anomaly associated with pyrite/gold zone. (author)

Growing Culture: An Ethnographic Study of the Legalization of Cannabis in Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Thorsen, Mats Skjervheim

2016-01-01

This thesis is based on six months of fieldwork conducted in Montevideo, the capital of Uruguay. The country legalized cannabis in 2013, but during my fieldwork only two of three aspects of the law were implemented. It was legal to cultivate privately or join a cannabis club, but there are no places to legally buy the product. In the thesis, I aim to explore different aspects of the cannabis movement in the country. In the first empirical chapter I look at how my informants perceive cannabis,...

Los consejos de salarios en Uruguay con el gobierno de la izquierda

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Ibarra

2008-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2178-4582.2008v42n1-2p61El artículo analiza los Consejos de Salarios organizados en Uruguay por el gobierno de izquierda. Procura demostrar que no son simplemente una vuelta atrás, desde la desregulación laboral hacia la institución clásica del compromiso social. Envuelven, por el contrario, una inversión de las relaciones del trabajo con el estado y el capital.

PARTICIPACIÓN ELECTORAL EN LAS ELECCIONES PRIMARIAS EN URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Buquet

2011-12-01

Full Text Available So far Uruguay is the only country in the world in which parties carried out open and simultaneous primary elections in order to select their presidential candidates. The effects of employing primaries on the election results are determined by the particular characteristics of the electorate who voluntarily participate in them. From survey data, we analyze the factors affecting participation in such instances and their effects on the type of presidential candidates tend to be elected. The results show that in primary elections vote citizens more educated, more interested in politics, identified with political parties and with more extreme ideological positions. As a result we observe that through primaries, candidates away from the median voter are more likely to be winners than with DSV system.

Dolichospermum Uruguayense sp. nov., a planktic nostocacean cyanobacterium from the Lower Uruguay River, South America.

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kozlíková-Zapomělová, Eliška; Ferrari, G.; Del Carmen Pérez, M.

2016-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 2 (2016), s. 189-200 ISSN 1802-5439 R&D Projects: GA ČR GAP504/10/1501; GA ČR(CZ) GA14-18067S Institutional support: RVO:60077344 Keywords : 16s rRNA gene phylogeny * cyanobacteria * Dolichospermum * phytoplankton * polyphasic approach * taxonomy * Uruguay River Subject RIV: DA - Hydrology ; Limnology Impact factor: 1.350, year: 2016

Agricultural trade liberalization in the Uruguay Round : one step forward, one step back?

OpenAIRE

Ingco, Merlinda D.

1995-01-01

After evaluating the Uruguay Round's impact on agriculture and border protection in the next decade, the author concludes that while there was significant reform of the rules - particularly the conversion of nontariff barriers into tariffs and the reduction and binding of all tariffs - in practice, trade will probably be liberalized less than expected. The objective of the Round was to reverse protectionism and remove trade distortions. This may not be achieved in practice, at least not until...

Catolicismo y Protestantismo en los inicios del Uruguay moderno (1876-1880

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastián Hernández Méndez

Full Text Available Durante los años de gobierno del coronel Lorenzo Latorre (1876-1880, Uruguay vivió un intenso debate sobre la legitimidad de la religión, su función en la sociedad moderna, y el papel que hasta entonces venía desempeñando la Iglesia Católica como institución modeladora de cultura. El presente trabajo busca atender las principales notas de esa discusión que mantuvieron en particular católicos y metodistas, al tiempo que analiza las distintas respuestas ensayadas por la Iglesia Católica para enfrentar el proselitismo disidente.

Cenozoic deposits exposed along Rio de la Plata coast in the Canelones Department (Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goso Aguilar, C.; Spoturno, J.

2004-01-01

This paper allows to know some sedimentological and stratigraphical features of the Cenozoic deposits exposed along Rio de la Plata coast in the Canelones department, Uruguay. The results, mainly collected from metric thickness of local stratigraphical sections and coastal outcrops of that region are presented. Both Tertiary and Quaternary sediments are present, however transitional Pleistocenic deposits of Chuy Formation and continental sediments of Libertad Formation are more dominant [es

Studies on post-partum reproductive performance of Hereford beef cows in Uruguay with the aid of progesterone assay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cavestany, D.; Cardozo, W.; Tagle, R.; Gama, S.; Lanzzeri, S.; Perdigon, F.

1990-01-01

A trial was undertaken on Hereford beef cows to determine the length of their post-partum (pp) anoestrous periods under traditional conditions of feeding and management in Uruguay. Three subsequent trials to shorten pp anoestrus involving early weaning (at 40 days pp), temporary weaning for 72 hours (at 45 days), and temporary weaning for 24 hours combined with GnRH, were run in different parts of Uruguay under different soil and pasture conditions. No treatment differences were found, but cows on improved pastures had shorter pp anoestrous periods (74, 99 and 102 days for the three trials respectively) and higher pregnancy rates (80%, 46% and 55% respectively). It was concluded that the main cause of low reproductive efficiency was poor nutrition and that, under such conditions, no treatment to shorten the pp anoestrus would ever be expected to be successful. (author). 14 refs, 2 figs, 2 tabs

A Study of public policies for the management of the intangible cultural heritage in Uruguay.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Anon

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The present study aims to perform a review of the evolution of the intangible cultural heritage, to understand the difficulties and limitations that this heritage faces in the present. In a first moment, will present in the role that the State has maintained with this intangible heritage when even the category did not exist as such and the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Heritage of UNESCO (2003 had not been ratified by Uruguay. Counting with this background will be analyzed the current regulations and decrees governing the field of intangible heritage to understand how different intangible expressions are conceived and managed. Since 2009, Uruguay has two elements declared by UNESCO as Intangible Heritage, the Tango and the Candombe. The second manifestation will be the conducting wire through which will be seen how over the years the expression was worked by the State. Through interviews with authorities from different institutions of intangible heritage and a thorough study of academic texts, the article seeks to understand the framework and the dispute between the Candombe and his interests and the State structure and their possibilities to manage and safeguard this heritage.

Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins contaminating wheat silage for dairy cattle feeding in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustina del Palacio

Full Text Available Abstract Wheat is one of the most important cultivated cereals in Uruguay for human consumption; however, when harvest yields are low, wheat is usually used in ensiling for animal feeding. Ensiling is a forage preservation method that allows for storage during extended periods of time while maintaining nutritional values comparable to fresh pastures. Silage is vulnerable to contamination by spoilage molds and mycotoxins because ensilage materials are excellent substrates for fungal growth. The aim of the study was to identify the mycobiota composition and occurrence of aflatoxins and DON from wheat silage. A total of 220 samples of wheat were collected from four farms in the southwest region of Uruguay were silage practices are developed. The main fungi isolated were Fusarium (43% and Aspergillus (36%, with Fusarium graminearum sensu lato and Aspergillus section Flavi being the most prevalent species. Aflatoxin concentrations in silo bags ranged from 6.1 to 23.3 µg/kg, whereas DON levels ranged between 3000 µg/kg and 12,400 µg/kg. When evaluating aflatoxigenic capacity, 27.5% of Aspergillus section Flavi strains produced AFB1, 5% AFB2, 10% AFG1 and 17.5% AFG2. All isolates of F. graminearum sensu lato produced DON and 15-AcDON. The results from this study contribute to the knowledge of mycobiota and mycotoxins present in wheat silage.

Population genetic analysis and trichothecene profiling of Fusarium graminearum from wheat in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Pan, D; Mionetto, A; Calero, N; Reynoso, M M; Torres, A; Bettucci, L

2016-03-11

Fusarium graminearum sensu stricto (F. graminearum s.s.) is the major causal agent of Fusarium head blight of wheat worldwide, and contaminates grains with trichothecene mycotoxins that cause serious threats to food safety and animal health. An important aspect of managing this pathogen and reducing mycotoxin contamination of wheat is knowledge regarding its population genetics. Therefore, isolates of F. graminearum s.s. from the major wheat-growing region of Uruguay were analyzed by amplified fragment length polymorphism assays, PCR genotyping, and chemical analysis of trichothecene production. Of the 102 isolates identified as having the 15-ADON genotype via PCR genotyping, all were DON producers, but only 41 strains were also 15-ADON producers, as determined by chemical analysis. The populations were genotypically diverse but genetically similar, with significant genetic exchange occurring between them. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that most of the genetic variability resulted from differences between isolates within populations. Multilocus linkage disequilibrium analysis suggested that the isolates had a panmictic population genetic structure and that there is significant recombination occurs in F. graminearum s.s. In conclusion, tour findings provide the first detailed description of the genetic structure and trichothecene production of populations of F. graminearum s.s. from Uruguay, and expands our understanding of the agroecology of F. graminearum and of the correlation between genotypes and trichothecene chemotypes.

Development and Climate Change in Uruguay. Focus on Coastal Zones, Agriculture and Forestry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agrawala, S.; Moehner, A.; Gagnon-Lebrun, F.; Van Aalst, M.; Smith, J.; Hagenstad, M.; Baethgen, W.E.; Martino, D.L.; Lorenzo, E.

2004-01-01

This document is an output from the OECD Development and Climate Change project, an activity jointly overseen by the EPOC Working Party on Global and Structural Policies (WPGSP), and the DAC Network on Environment and Development Co-operation (ENVIRONET). The overall objective of the project is to provide guidance on how to mainstream responses to climate change within economic development planning and assistance policies, with natural resource management as an overarching theme. This report presents the integrated case study for Tanzania carried out under an OECD project on Development and Climate Change. This report presents the integrated case study for Uruguay carried out under an OECD project on Development and Climate Change. The report is structured around a three-tiered framework. First, recent climate trends and climate change scenarios for Uruguay are assessed and key sectoral impacts are identified and ranked along multiple indicators to establish priorities for adaptation. Second, donor portfolios are analyzed to examine the proportion of development assistance activities affected by climate risks. A desk analysis of donor strategies and project documents as well as national plans is conducted to assess the degree of attention to climate change concerns in development planning and assistance. Third, an in-depth analysis is conducted for adaptation in coastal zones as well as for mainstreaming carbonsequestration within the agriculture and forestry sectors

The Tale of Two Civil Societies: Comparing disability rights movements in Nicaragua and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stephen Meyers

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The UNCRPD is unique amongst international rights instruments because it empowers civil society organizations to represent the rights-bearers themselves—persons with disabilities. As such, DPOs in the Global South have become a major concern for UN agencies and international NGOs who believe that grassroots disability associations need political advocacy training in order to take up their role as rights advocates. These expectations contain implicit assumptions regarding civil society-state relations and the existence of governmental capacity. The authors, however, hypothesize that not all civil societies will fit the rights advocacy model due to the political culture and public resources available within their respective, local communities. Disability movements in Nicaragua and Uruguay are compared and contrasted. In Nicaragua, a disability rights coalition dismisses many international expectations in favor for continuing to follow traditional civil society expectations to provide services. In Uruguay, a long history of high levels of social spending and disability organizing enabled DPOs to successfully advocate for progressive laws. The deaf community, however, decided to implement their own, separate advocacy strategies to ensure a fairer distribution of public resources. The authors conclude that rather than top-down civil society training, the international movement should allow local organizations set their own priorities.

Albian Phyto geography and environment in Santa Lucia basin, Uruguay: a study based on palynomorphs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Campos, C.; Veroslavsky, G.

1999-01-01

This paper presents bioestratigraphic results on the Castellanos and Migues formations, Upper Cretaceous of the Santa Lucia basin, Uruguay. The samples are from six exploratory wells drilled by Ancap and YPF, in 50 th and 70 th decades. The palynological data have been used to determine the paleoenvironmental evolution, the paleoclimate as well as the paleogeografic reconstruction for this area, in the Albian time. (author).

Une révolution numérique dans les salles de classe de l'Uruguay ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

28 janv. 2011 ... Les élèves des écoles primaires publiques de l'Uruguay vont bientôt voir leurs salles de classe se colorer de vert. Grâce à une initiative pilote mondiale, des millions d'ordinateurs portables peu coûteux seront distribués aux enfants les plus pauvres de la planète au cours de l'an prochain.

Recent advances about of the orogenic modern belt (1000-500 M.A.) in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bossi, J.

1989-01-01

Progress in lithologic, structural, tectonic and geo tectonic data about a 1000-500 m.y.orogenic belt developed at the East of Uruguay, arrived in the 80, are here described. Conclusions are mainly based on the 1/100.000 scale geologic map of a 6000 sq. km comprised between Sierra Ballena, Sierra de Animas, Pan de Azucar and Mariscala. These new data clearly states the lithological distribution and contribute to guide strategic prospect ion.

The importance of XRD analysis in provenance and palaeoenvironmental studies of the Piedras de Afilar Formation, Neoproterozoic of Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Pamoukaghlian, K.; Poiré, D. G.; Gaucher, C.; Uriz, N.; Cingolani, C.; Frigeiro, P.

2009-04-01

The Piedras de Afilar Formation crops out in the southeast part of Uruguay, forming part of the Tandilia Terrane (sensu Bossi et al. 2005). Pamoukaghlian et al. (2006) and Gaucher et al. (2008) have published δ13C, δ18O and U/Pb SHRIMP results, which indicate a Neoproterozoic age for this formation. The palaeoenvironment has been defined as a shallow marine platform based on the presence of interference ripples, hummocky and mega-hummocky cross-stratification. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses help to better constrain the palaeoenvironment: the presence of chlorite/smectite found in black shales, suggest a reducing environment, and abundant illite indicates a cold to temperate climate. Provenance studies have been undertaken that utilise a combination of detailed palaeocurrent measurements, petrographic descriptions, XRD analyses, and geochemical isotopic analyses, including U/Pb SHRIMP determinations. Mineral compositional diagrams for sandstones suggest a stable cratonic provenance. Palaeocurrents are mainly from the NNE, indicating a provenance from the cratonic areas of the Tandilia Terrane. The illite crystal index indicates diagenetic to low-metamorphic conditions for the sequence; this is important to confirm that the identified minerals are authigenic. Clay minerals identified by XRD analysis of sandstones from the siliciclastic member are illite (80 - 90%), kaolinite (5 - 10%), and chlorite (5 - 10%). This is consistent with a provenance from the cratonic areas (quartz-feldspar dominated rock types). Isotopic analyses have been undertaken to provide better constraints on the tectonic setting. U/Pb SHRIMP ages for the youngest zircons are 990 Ma (Gaucher et al. 2008), and the basal granite (Granito de la Paz) is 2056 ± 11 Ma (Hartmann et al. 2001), suggesting a provenance from the Archaean basement for the Piedras de Afilar Formation, like its counterparts in the Rio de la Plata Craton. References Bossi, J., Piñeyro, D., Cingolani, C. (2005). El l

Some aspects of the nuclear education of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rebellato, Ana; Hermida Lamanna, Juan C.

2015-01-01

This paper provides an overview of the status and trend of university education in Uruguay doing special emphasis on the nuclear area. Furthermore, the regulatory framework, current education law, main principles which govern, objectives, brief description of the Ceibal plan and social inclusion for children and adolescents are listed. They are presented the main indicators at different levels of education. A special section presents bodies historical background which they have developed nuclear activities. They are described lines of work in the development and use of nuclear techniques in the most recent country and statement of projects Cyclotron (CUDIM) and gamma irradiation (LATU).Current status and trends in nuclear power generation energy policy its regulatory framework .Main offer in university careers in the subject, new courses creating and educational resources available: e learning environment program - PROEVA and free institutional knowledge repositories of the University -COLIBRI ROU

Double elevator weakening for unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy with ipsilateral superior rectus contracture and lax superior oblique tendon.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Arif O

2012-06-01

In unilateral congenital superior oblique palsy, a large hypertropia is sometimes associated with ipsilateral contracture of the superior rectus muscle and apparent overaction of the contralateral superior oblique. Ipsilateral double elevator weakening is one surgical approach; however, this procedure could compromise supraduction. We report a series of three consecutive patients who underwent ipsilateral superior rectus and inferior oblique recessions for unilateral superior oblique palsy. Intraoperatively, all three patients were found to have a lax ipsilateral superior oblique tendon. Postoperatively, all three patients had satisfactory correction of the hypertropia and abnormal head position with minimal supraduction defect. This procedure seems to be an acceptable initial surgical option for treating congenital superior oblique muscle palsy with ipsilateral contracture of the superior rectus muscle, even when the ipsilateral superior oblique tendon is lax. Copyright © 2012 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Relictos del paisaje historico rural de Uruguay: Estructuras en piedra relevadas en estudios de impacto arqueológico.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irina Capdepont Caffa

2016-07-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presentan las evidencias materiales del paisaje rural de diferentes zonas de Uruguay. El registro material refiere a estructuras en piedra relevadas en estudios de evaluación y diagnostico de impacto arqueológico. Estos estudios han sido llevados a cabo en el marco de proyectos privados de emprendimientos mineros. Los proyectos, enmarcados en la Arqueología de Contrato, buscaron diagnosticar los impactos de las obras proyectadas sobre el registro arqueológico del área y establecer las correspondientes medidas de mitigación, corrección o compensación. Buscando ahondar en el conocimiento de los paisajes antrópicos de Uruguay se da continuidad a estos proyectos, entendiendo esta continuidad como parte de la mitigación del impacto. Se presentan cinco casos de estudio que evidencian procesos de ocupación y explotación llevados a cabo en el medio rural a partir del siglo XVII.

The impact of prenatal care on birthweight: the case of Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Jewell, R Todd; Triunfo, Patricia

2006-11-01

This study analyzes prenatal care and birthweight in Uruguay. These data are unique since they represent a population of urban, poor women who gave birth in a health care system that provides both prenatal and obstetric care free of charge. This study finds a positive effect of increased prenatal care use on birthweight and evidence of bias in OLS estimates, similar to studies that use US data. The results highlight the usefulness of existing methodologies for estimating the effect of prenatal care on birthweight and the importance of extending these methodologies to data from countries other than the US. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

FY04 Inspection Results for Wet Uruguay Fuel in L-Basin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

VORMELKER, PHILIP

2005-09-01

The 2004 visual inspection of four Uruguay nuclear fuel assemblies stored in L-Basin was completed. This was the third inspection of this wet stored fuel since its arrival in the summer of 1998. Visual inspection photographs of the fuel from the previous and the recent inspections were compared and no evidence of significant corrosion was found on the individual fuel plate photographs. Fuel plates that showed areas of pitting in the cladding during the original receipt inspection were also identified during the 2004 inspection. However, a few pits were found on the non-fuel aluminum clamping plates that were not visible during the original and 2001 inspections.

Insurgents to Presidents: Contemporary Civil-Military Relations In Brazil, El Salvador, and Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

2016-03-01

Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay, September 15, 2014. 156 Ibid., 17. 157 National...Interpretación de su Record,” Revista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política 23, no. 1 (2014). 159 Vales, “Operações de Paz,” 40. 160 Gonzalez Guyer, “La Contribución de...Proceso de Negociación.” Paper presented at XIII Jornada de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo

Desempeño competitivo de Argentina y Uruguay en la leche en polvo

OpenAIRE

Depetris Guiguet, Edith; García Arancibia, Rodrigo; Rossini, Gustavo

2009-01-01

Los sectores lácteos de Argentina y Uruguay hacen importantes contribuciones tanto al producto interno bruto como a la generación de divisas provenientes de sus exportaciones. Al constituirse el MERCOSUR ambos países tenían excedentes exportables de leche en polvo entera y descremada, y aunque con similares condiciones del contexto externo impuestas por la integración y la evolución del mercado internacional, el comportamiento exportador no ha sido igual en las dos naciones. Esto lleva a cues...

Sociedad y políticas sociales en Uruguay: desde la transición democrática al gobierno del frente amplio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo de ARMAS CURIEL

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Durante los últimos veinte años Uruguay ha experimentado diversas transformaciones en su economía y sociedad. Luego del crecimiento sostenido de la economía uruguaya entre 1984 y 1998, y de la consecuente reducción de la pobreza (de 46% a 15%, el país atravesó una de las peores crisis económicas de su historia: el Producto Bruto Interno (PBI disminuyó en más de 20% y el porcentaje de población pobre se duplicó, alcanzando entre los niños niveles similares a los de 1986. Durante este período, en Uruguay se han ido consolidando algunos fenómenos de exclusión social que obedecen a causas estructurales más profundas. Frente a este panorama, el gobierno del Frente Amplio elegido en el 2004 se propone desarrollar una serie de cambios en el campo de las políticas sociales. En este contexto, deberá enfrentar varios desafíos: entre otros, la transformación de la arquitectura del Estado de Bienestar uruguayo construido a comienzos del siglo XX y la reasignación del gasto público social.ABSTRACT: During the last twenty years Uruguay has experienced several economic and social changes. After a period of economic growth between 1984 and 1998, and the consequent reduction of poverty rates (from 46% to 15%, the country went through one of the worst economic crisis of its history: The GDP was reduced in a 20% and the poverty rate was increased from 15% to 33%, reaching the same levels of 1986 among children. During this period, Uruguay has consolidated several processes of social exclusion produced by structural causes. In this context, ?the new government elected in 2004, is developing a set of changes in social policies and will have to face several challenges: the transformation of the architecture of its traditional Welfare State, built in the beginnings of the 20th century, and the relocation of the social budget.

Grain Yield Variation in Malting Barley Cultivars in Uruguay and Its Consequences for the Design of a Trials Network

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ceretta, S.S.E.; Eeuwijk, van F.A.

2008-01-01

The efficiency of cultivar trial networks is an important subject in official cultivar testing. We investigated this efficiency for malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Uruguay, using data on 213 cultivars tested across an eight-year period at six locations. The variance-components approach was

Energy supply and demand in Uruguay River basin and the potential impact of its utilization over hydric resources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lanna, Antonio Eduardo

1992-01-01

This paper focuses the Brazilian piece of Rio Uruguay emphasizing its great energy potential for hydroelectric power generation. In order to solve problems with energy demand, another sources of energy are suggested for composing together hydroelectric power the energy matrix. The environmental aspects are also considered. 2 refs., 9 tabs

Cooperativism, self-help and self-government: The Uruguay alternative of council tenancy

OpenAIRE

Aristondo Martín, Graciela Laura

2003-01-01

Desde su surgimiento en la segunda mitad de los años 60, las cooperativas de vivienda por ayuda mutua del Uruguay han demostrado ser una experiencia de gran impacto en la producción social del hábitat popular urbano. El grado de organización alcanzado durante la etapa de ayuda mutua se extiende a la etapa posterior de la construcción de las viviendas, a través del desarrollo de una red nacional de servicios sociales autogestionados por los usuarios en las áreas de la salud, alimentación, educ...

Mortalidad infantil en Uruguay: un análisis de supervivencia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jewell R. Todd

2010-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de todos los nacimientos ocurridos en el Uruguay entre 2002 y 2003 y las defunciones ocurridas en el primer año de vida, se estima la tasa de mortalidad infantil a través de modelos probit y hazard. Debido a que las muertes se concentran en los primeros días y semanas de vida, el modelo hazard es preferible al probit, encontrándose que la estimación probit sobreestima los efectos de las covariables. Los resultados muestran que las variables más importantes son la edad y la educación de la madre, los cuidados prenatales y los denominados predictores de la mortalidad (bajo peso al nacer, semanas de gestación y APGAR.

Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins contaminating wheat silage for dairy cattle feeding in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Del Palacio, Agustina; Bettucci, Lina; Pan, Dinorah

Wheat is one of the most important cultivated cereals in Uruguay for human consumption; however, when harvest yields are low, wheat is usually used in ensiling for animal feeding. Ensiling is a forage preservation method that allows for storage during extended periods of time while maintaining nutritional values comparable to fresh pastures. Silage is vulnerable to contamination by spoilage molds and mycotoxins because ensilage materials are excellent substrates for fungal growth. The aim of the study was to identify the mycobiota composition and occurrence of aflatoxins and DON from wheat silage. A total of 220 samples of wheat were collected from four farms in the southwest region of Uruguay were silage practices are developed. The main fungi isolated were Fusarium (43%) and Aspergillus (36%), with Fusarium graminearum sensu lato and Aspergillus section Flavi being the most prevalent species. Aflatoxin concentrations in silo bags ranged from 6.1 to 23.3μg/kg, whereas DON levels ranged between 3000μg/kg and 12,400μg/kg. When evaluating aflatoxigenic capacity, 27.5% of Aspergillus section Flavi strains produced AFB1, 5% AFB2, 10% AFG1 and 17.5% AFG2. All isolates of F. graminearum sensu lato produced DON and 15-AcDON. The results from this study contribute to the knowledge of mycobiota and mycotoxins present in wheat silage. Copyright © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Mining and geologic characterization of calcareous resources for the cement industry in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Santana, H.; Veroslavsky, G.; Sanchez, L.; Rossini, C.; Aubet, N.; Loureiro, J.; Gutierrez, L.

2000-01-01

The main objective of this work was the study of geological and mining potential that Uruguay has on limestone rocks rich in calcium and poor in magnesium and silica, which are considered primary requirements suitable for the manufacture of cement. The results obtained allow defining four major regions of the country that although do not include all occurrences of calcareous rocks, they do not constitute the most important areas concerning: rock quality, higher volumes and improved extraction possibilities. The areas are: Queguay, Minas, Carape and Treinta y tres

Titaniferous magnetite and barite from the San Gregorio de Polanco dike swarm, Paraná Magmatic Province, Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rossana Muzio

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The San Gregorio de Polanco Dike Swarm (Tacuarembó Department, Uruguay is the southernmost set of dikes in the Paraná Magmatic Province of Uruguay. Five major dikes have been identified with two main structural trends: N140º–N170º and N50º–N80º. The dikes have tholeiitic affinities and are composed of plagioclase (An55, augite and augite-pigeonite, relicts of olivine and opaque minerals. These rocks have high contents of Fe–Ti oxides (titanomagnetites, the mineralogical and textural characteristics of which have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry techniques (SEM – EDS. These features, along with other mineralogical and textural relationships, have been used to propose the following crystallization sequence for the dikes: (i crystallization of olivine, plagioclase and Ca-rich pyroxene phenocrysts; (ii precipitation of the first population of Ti-magnetite; (iii crystallization of plagioclase and pyroxene in the groundmass; (iv partial dissolution of Ti-magnetite by reaction with magmatic fluids; (v crystallization of the second population of Ti-magnetite and finally, (vi crystallization of interstitial barite.   Resumen El Haz de Diques de San Gregorio de Polanco (Departamento de Tacuarembó, Uruguay es la ocurrencia más meridional de diques pertenecientes a la Provincia Magmática Paraná en Uruguay. Fueron identificados cinco 5 diques principales con dos direcciones estructurales principales: N140º - N170º y N50º - N80º, respectivamente. Son diques de afinidad tholeítica compuestos por plagioclasa (An55, augita y augita-pigeonita, relictos de olivina y minerales opacos. Estos diques se caracterizan por el alto contenido de óxidos de Fe y Ti (titanomagnetitas, cuyas características mineralógicas y texturales fueron estudiadas con microscopio electrónico de barrido y espectrometría de energía dispersiva (SEM-EDS, incluyendo mapeos composicionales. Estas caracter

Breast cancer early detection and quality assurance in Uruguay; Deteccion precoz de cancer de mama e garantia de calidad en Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cotelo, Elena D. [Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo (Uruguay). Facultad de Medicina. Escuela Universitaria de Tecnologia Medica]. E-mail: elecote@adinet.com.uy

2001-07-01

In Uruguay, breast cancer incidence is 76.41 per 100.000, and death rate is 25.22 per 100.000. Since 1998, there is a National Programme of breast cancer early detection for females over forty years of age. We studied the state of the mammography facilities throughout the country. There are 657.000 female over forty and 51 mammography X-ray equipment. The Programme includes 2 mammography X-ray equipment in mobile units in the capital and 18 in hospitals all around the country. There are taken 120.000 mammographic exams per year, 15.000 of them belong to women who had participated in the Programme. We found that no mammography facility has established Quality Assurance Programmes. Despite the results of this study showed that is suitable the number and age of the mammography X-ray equipment, the lack of Quality Assurance Programmes will produce, in a short time, a negative cost-benefit balance. The consequences will be serious social, human an economical damages. (author)

Prevalencia de la Hipomineralización Molar-Incisiva (MIH en niños con diferente cobertura asistencial (privada y pública en Montevideo, Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. del Carmen López Jordi

Full Text Available Objetivos: conocer la prevalencia de Hipomineralización Molar Incisiva (MIH en Montevideo, Uruguay; relacionar la prevalencia de MIH con: edad, género, año de nacimiento y diferente cobertura asistencial (pública y privada. Se diseñó un estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo con el total de niños asistidos entre julio-diciembre 2010 en la Cátedra de Odontopediatría, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de la República y en dos consultorios privados en Montevideo (626, nacidos entre 1993-2003 y con los 4 primeros molares e incisivos permanentes erupcionados. El diagnóstico clínico lo realizaron examinadores calibrados (Kappa intra 100%; inter 0.99, 0.98 y 0.90. La prevalencia de MIH fue de 11.8%, con una diferencia significativa entre sector público y privado y con una alta correlación positiva entre presencia de MIH y año de nacimiento (p<0.0001. Los resultados confirmaron que: 1 MIH es una patología frecuente 2 la prevalencia de MIH a nivel privado es superior 3 es necesario estudios con muestras de mayor tamaño

Assessing the Distributive Impact of More than Doubling the Minimum Wage: The Case of Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Fernando Borraz; Nicolás Gonzalez Pampillón

2011-01-01

This paper analyzes the role of the sharply increases in the minimum wage after 2004 in Uruguay in the slight decrease on wage inequality. We Önd no impact of the miminum wage increases on wage inequality. This results can be explained by the low starting level of the minimum wage or lack of compliance with it. The Uruguayan experience shows that the minimum wage is not always e§ective as a redistribution instrument.

Prostitution and exploitation child sexual in Uruguay. Opinion of sex workers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pablo Guerra

2016-04-01

Full Text Available In this article we will present the information obtained in the project entitled "Investigation on conditions of work and opinion on trafficking in persons between population that he exercises the feminine prostitution in Uruguay " from 188 interviews to sexual workers. First we analyse the concept of child prostitution in the frame of the sexual exploitation of children and teenagers, to advance then in the result of the fieldwork. 29 % of the sample expresses to know cases of child prostitution in his areas of work, which confirms a worrying presence of this phenomenon, especially in the street prostitution.  As for the opinion, 77% of the interviewed ones have a negative opinion of the phenomenon.

A method for exploring sustainable development options at farm scale: a case study for vegetable farms in South Uruguay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dogliotti Moro, S.; Ittersum, van M.K.; Rossing, W.A.H.

2005-01-01

The methodology presented in this paper aims at analysing whether there is room for improvement of vegetable farmers¿ income in Canelón Grande (Uruguay), while reducing soil erosion and improving physical and biological soil fertility, and to gain insight in the influence of farmers¿ resource

17.879 law approve it integral agreement about Energetic Cooperation between Republic Oriental del Uruguay Government and Republic Bolivariana de Venezuela

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

The 17.879 law describe the Uruguay -Venezuela Agreement with the followings items about :main aims and cooperation areas, information uses, budget, competent authorities, mixed commission, labour relationship, controversy solutions, sovereignty, duties, signal with others, duration and force entrance

Law 18.871. It approve the Security Energetic agreement between the Republic of Uruguay and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2012-01-01

The proposal of this law is the agreement between Venezuela and Uruguay about the implementation of the energy security legislation . Both countries are committed to have a binational structure in this follows areas: oil, gas, refining, petrochemicals, transport, storage, electricity, alternative energy and marine transport

Instalación de sistemas de silvopastoreo con productores ganaderos de Colonia Gestido (Uruguay)

OpenAIRE

Aguirre, Sergio; Galván, Guillermo A.

2012-01-01

Ubicada al norte de Uruguay la Colonia Gestido ocupa 3000 hectáreas, distribuidas en 55 predios dedicados a cultivos y frutales diversificadas con ganadería y lechería. Enmarcado en una tesis del Doctorado en Agroecología (Colombia), este trabajo define como problema “el pobre desempeño global de estos sistemas productivos” dado entre otros aspectos por una “inadecuada integración animal-vegetal” y “escasa presencia de árboles y arbustos multipropósito”. Para levantar estas res...

The paleorelief baseboard study by electrical soundings in the anomaly of Magnolia - Tacuarembo - Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perrin, J.; Bernard, J.

1982-08-01

This work is about the paleorelief baseboard study by electrical soundings in the anomaly of Magnolia - Tacuarembo - Uruguay. But not all electrical soundings allowed a good prevision of coating thickness.The difficulties found in the determination of the depth of the electrical resistant baseboard are explained by discontinuities levels and lateral variations in resistivities. Moreover, the re modeling of the results according to the data of drilling led to a relatively coherent interpretation that provides a basis for all future intervention in the same type of formation

La innovación en Uruguay. Problemas, instituciones, perspectivas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Judith Sutz

1995-12-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se aborda la innovación en Uruguay desde dos puntos de vista: por una parte, se plantea la innovación como problema; por otra, se analiza el tejido institucional en el cual se desarrollan los procesos innovativos. La necesidad de esfuerzos en el marco del desarrollo científico-tecnológico mundial, la especificidad de un país pequeño, la inadecuación de las formas canónicas de la evaluación académica, el desconocimiento de los actores productivos acerca de la oferta local de soluciones, y la innovación como cuestión de Estado, constituyen el primer abordaje. El segundo presenta un mapa sintético de las diversas instituciones -incluyendo empresas- involucradas en procesos de innovación, señalando sus logros y limitaciones.

Computer analysis to the geochemical interpretation of soil and stream sediment data in an area of Southern Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spangenberg, J.

2010-01-01

In southern Uruguay there are several known occurrences of base metal sulphide mineralization within an area of Precambrian volcanic sedimentary rocks. Regional geochemical stream sediment reconnaissance surveys revealed new polymetallic anomalies in the same stratigraphic zone. Geochemical interpretation of multi-element data from a soil and stream sediment survey carried out in one of these anomalous areas is presented.

A Tale of Two Countries: Innovation and Collaboration Aimed at Changing the Culture of Medicine in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Dapueto, Juan J; Viera, Mercedes; Samenow, Charles; Swiggart, William H; Steiger, Jeffrey

2018-05-11

This is a case study of a program to address professionalism at the Universidad de la República in Uruguay. We describe a five-year ongoing international collaboration. Relevant characteristics of the context, the program components, activities, and results were analyzed. The expected outcomes were to introduce standards of professional practices in the curricula of medical students and residents and the implementation of a program that might lead to a significant change in the culture of medicine in the University. Traditional didactics, interactive theater, and professional development workshops, issues such as teamwork and communication, professional behavior, and the culture of medicine, and physician wellness were addressed. A total of 359 faculty members, general practitioners, stakeholders, and other healthcare professionals (nurses, psychologists, social workers) participated in the intervention. The process led to specific achievements including new content in the curricula, the use of educational innovations to address issues of professionalism, a growing institutional culture of accountability, and the establishment of new rules and regulations. The strategies and interventions followed in the case of Uruguay can serve as a model to other developing countries to promote physician professionalism, wellness, and joy.

Geotechnical properties of La Arganosa Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Oviedo); Propiedades geotecnicas de la Formacion La Arganosa (Cretacico Superior, Oviedo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pando, L.; Gutierrez Claverol, M.; Flor-Blanco, G.

2011-07-01

It is performed the first geotechnical synthesis for La Arganosa Formation, the Cretaceous lithostratigraphic unit with very low geomechanical quality under the urban core of Oviedo; it also configures a major regional aquifer. In this study, geotechnical parameters of identification and condition, as well as physical and hydraulic ones, are compiled, statistically treated and interpreted. They were obtained from about 400 laboratory tests and more than 250 field tests around the city. The unit, of detrital origin, is bounded at the bottom and top by limestone lithologies, and is made up of soils and very soft rocks in alternating granular and cohesive layers. It discusses the main properties that define its geotechnical behavior: particle size distribution, plasticity, strength, compactness, consistency, compressibility, expansivity, collapsibility, permeability, and chemical aggressiveness of the materials and water. Furthermore, same numerical values are provided for reference forward guidance for future research to develop on this formation. (Author) 31 refs.

Recent changes in frost days events characteristics in Uruguay-Southeastern South America.

Science.gov (United States)

Renom, Madeleine; De Mello, Santiago

2015-04-01

There are few studies about extreme temperature events in Southeastern South America as is it mentioned in the SREX report (2009), although these events generate human health impacts and big economical looses. Southeastern South America is one of the major agricultural production regions worldwide. Particularly in Uruguay, agricultural production represents a high percentage of the GDP and, in the last 15 years there has been a significant increase in the area used for that economic activity. Although frost is not always is considered as an extreme event it causes, in the case of Uruguay, an impact on society, energy consumption and agricultural losses. Previous studies have shown a negative trend in the occurrence of cold nights (TN10) during winter (June-July-August) and autumn (March-April-May) in Uruguay. This work try to determine if these trends affects the occurrences and characteristics of frost days (Tmin< 0°C). Based on a high-quality daily minimum temperature for 11 meteorological stations that cover the period 1950-2009, we analyzed different features of frost days. Long term trends do not present a clear spatial behaviour suggesting that there is a not clear relationship between the percentile based index (TN10) and a fixed index (FD). At monthly scale, May and September show a negative trend, although these months present a low number of cases that difficult the statistical treatment. It is noticeable that from a decadal point of view the last decade (2000-2009) was the decade with fewer occurrences comparing with the rest, while the 90's is the decade that presents more cases. We also analyzed changes in frost period (FP) which commonly extends from May to September. In general all the stations present a decrease in the FP in accordance with the negative trend detected at monthly scale, suggesting a warming in autumn and spring time. Although we detected different behaviour in two stations, one located inner land and the other located on the

Diet of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeciliidae and Jenynsia multidentata (Anablepidae in a hypertrophic shallow lake of Uruguay Dieta de Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeciliidae y Jenynsia multidentata (Anablepidae en un lago hipereutrófico de Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Federico Quintans

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Se analizaron las dietas de Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842 y Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842 en el Lago Rodó, un lago urbano hipereutrófico de Montevideo, Uruguay. Ambas especies mostraron un comportamiento omnívoro. Los ítems más consumidos por C. decemmaculatus fueron zooplancton, perifiton, fitoplancton y detritos; la dieta de J. multidentata incluyó zooplancton, insectos, crustáceos y peces juveniles. Estos resultados sugieren que ambas especies pueden actuar como planctívoros facultativos. La comunidad de peces de este lago se caracteriza por la dominancia de C. decemmaculatus y J. multidentata. Bajo esta condición, la depredación sobre el zooplancton de gran tamaño podría indirectamente estar contribuyendo a una alta abundancia de fitoplancton y una baja transparencia del agua.Diet of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842 and Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842 were analysed in Lake Rodó, an urban hypertrophic lake from Montevideo, Uruguay. Both species displayed omnivory. The most consumed items for C. decemmaculatus were zooplankton, periphyton, phytoplankton and detritus; the diet of J. multidentata included zooplankton, insects, crustaceans and juvenile fish. Our results suggest that both species could be acting as facultative planktivores. The fish community of this lake is characterised by the dominance of C. decemmaculatus and J. multidentata. Under this condition, predation on large-bodied zooplankton could indirectly be contributing to maintain a high phytoplankton abundance and a low water transparency.

Submission of Republica Oriental del Uruguay to the Commission on the limits of the continental shelf pursuant to provisions of article 76, paragraph 8, of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: executive summary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mata Prates, C.; Tajes, J.; Burgos, M.; Caamaño; Lamartheé; Montiel, D.; Preciozzi, F.; De Santa Ana, H.

2009-01-01

Pursuant to provisions of article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter the Convention), and to article 4 of Annex II of same, República Oriental del Uruguay (Uruguay) hereby submits to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (the Commission) particulars on the outer limit of its continental shelf, extending beyond 200 nautical miles (M) from the baselines from which the breadth of territorial sea is measured. On December 10, 1982 Uruguay signed the Convention, which was subsequently approved by Uruguayan Law Nº 16,287, and ratified on December 10, 1992. The porvisions of article 76 invoked in Uruguay submission fixed points delimiting Uruguay’s Continental Shelf. There exist, at present, no unresolved disputes over the maritime border with either of Uruguay’s neighbouring countries, Argentina or Brazil. It was received assistance in the elaboration of this Submission April 2008, from member of the Commission and also assistance from other, non-member consultants and institutions from Germany, Brazil, Portugal and Norway

Ronda Uruguay del GATT: evaluación de los resultados alcanzados en el área institucional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio Abreu Bonilla

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Para los países de pequeña dimensión como Uruguay, el fortalecimiento de las normas y disciplinas internacionales constituye la principal garantía contra la aplicación de medidas unilaterales por parte de los países de mayor poder económico (...Contenido: Introducción. Organización Mundial de Comercio. Entendimiento sobre un sistema integrado de solución de diferencias

"Let the "Orientales" Be as Enlightened as They Are Brave": The Digital Divide in the Context of Uruguay's Public Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Capurro, Rafael; Rodríguez Fleitas, Maximiliano

2017-01-01

In this paper we present two recent information literacy and access initiatives in Uruguay and their necessary historical antecedents, and analyze them from a phenomenological perspective to provide commentary on current philosophical discussions about information and the digital divide. To provide historical context we present a brief history of…

Dangerous poverty. Analysis of the criminalization process of poverty and youth in Uruguay and of the challenges that this process presents to the community psychology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Cano Menoni

2014-02-01

Full Text Available In this paper I analyze the components and main effects of what I characterized as a process of criminalization of youth in poverty, in the case of Uruguay. I argue that this process occurs through a series of discursive operations (in different levels: police, judicial, political and technical- scientific, which stigmatize the social reference group, placing them as a threat to society. To investigate this process, I analyze journalistic texts, testimonials and an advertising campaign, covering the following actors: a member of the national Parliament, the editorialist of the highest circulation newspaper in Uruguay, the Director of the largest hospice psychiatric in the country, and the Uruguayan Interior Ministry (police force. I conclude that in Uruguay started up a stigmatization process which place youth in poverty as a threat to society, and that this process involves the deepening of police approaches of the security problems, obscuring the conditions of social injustice behind them, and consecrating fear as the main principle of the social relationships. This situation also challenges to the social sciences, and in particular to psycological disciplines, by posing the challenge of finding new answers, both theoretical and methodological, alternatives to the stigmatization and police security approaches.

Health professionals and abortion: transitions and disputes in Uruguay (2000-2012

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandra López Gomez

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Unsafe and illegal abortion is a critical issue in most countries at Latin America and the Caribbean region. The recognition of sexual and reproductive rights as human rights that is observed in the international, regional and national levels has not been exempt from conflicts. The Uruguayan case provides important evidence in this regard. The thesis examines health professionals’ perceptions and perspectives related to their care practices with women and abortion in a legal context that considered abortion as a crime, between 2002 and 2012 in Uruguay. The results allow us to understand the complex relationship between the different levels involved in the policy process. Health professionals’ practices are an analyzer of the covenants and conflicts that are recorded in the social field.

Report of the procedure of voluntary interruption of pregnancy at a university hospital in Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Bentancor, Ana; Hernández, Ana Laura; Godoy, Yamile; Dapueto, Juan J

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the constitution and operation of a voluntary interruption of pregnancy team of a university hospital, from the outlook of the mental health team. METHODS In this case study, the following aspects were analyzed: 1) historical background; 2) implementation of Law 18,897 of October 22, 2012; and 3) functioning of the program at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Facultad de Medicina (Universidad de la República, Uruguay), taking into account three dimensions: str...

Alcohol use and the labor market in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Balsa, Ana I; French, Michael T

2010-07-01

This paper is one of only a few studies to examine potential labor market consequences of heavy or abusive drinking in Latin America and the first to focus on Uruguay. We analyzed data from a Uruguayan household survey conducted in 2006 using propensity score matching methods and controlling for a number of socio-demographic, family, regional, behavioral health, and labor market characteristics. As expected, we found a positive association between heavy drinking and absenteeism, particularly for female employees. Counter to the findings for developed countries, our results revealed a positive relationship between heavy drinking and labor force participation or employment. This result was mostly driven by men and weakened when considering more severe measures of abusive drinking. Possible explanations for these findings are that employment leads to greater alcohol use through an income effect, that the Uruguayan labor market rewards heavy drinking, or that labor market characteristics typical of less developed countries, such as elevated safety risks or job instability, lead to problem drinking. Future research with panel data should explore these possible mechanisms. Copyright (c) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Breast cancer early detection and quality assurance in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cotelo, Elena D.

2001-01-01

In Uruguay, breast cancer incidence is 76.41 per 100.000, and death rate is 25.22 per 100.000. Since 1998, there is a National Programme of breast cancer early detection for females over forty years of age. We studied the state of the mammography facilities throughout the country. There are 657.000 female over forty and 51 mammography X-ray equipment. The Programme includes 2 mammography X-ray equipment in mobile units in the capital and 18 in hospitals all around the country. There are taken 120.000 mammographic exams per year, 15.000 of them belong to women who had participated in the Programme. We found that no mammography facility has established Quality Assurance Programmes. Despite the results of this study showed that is suitable the number and age of the mammography X-ray equipment, the lack of Quality Assurance Programmes will produce, in a short time, a negative cost-benefit balance. The consequences will be serious social, human an economical damages. (author)

Spatial and temporal distribution of ichthyoplankton in the upper Uruguay river, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samara Hermes-Silva

2009-08-01

Full Text Available The distribution and abundance of fish eggs and larvae was analyzed in three sections of the Upper Uruguay river, in a stretch of 290 km. Samples were collected monthly from October, 2001 to March, 2002 during 48-h cycles at 6-h intervals between each sampling. Surface and bottom samples were collected with a 0.5-mm mesh cylindroconical net. Fishes from the Upper Uruguay river were reproductively active mainly from October to January, and this activity was more intense at the Ligeiro and Chapecó tributaries and Chapecó main river. It was observed that the tributaries are important spawning grounds and larval nursery sites, indicating the importance of preserving such environments.Foram analisadas a distribuição e abundância de ovos e larvas de peixes em três seções do Alto rio Uruguai, num trecho de 290 km. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente no período de outubro de 2001 a março de 2002, durante um ciclo de 48 horas com intervalos de 6 horas entre as amostragens. Foram feitas coletas de superfície e fundo, nas margens e no canal central do rio, utilizando-se redes de plâncton do tipo cônicocilíndricas de malha 0,5mm. As maiores ocorrências foram verificadas entre os meses de outubro a janeiro, sendo que a atividade reprodutiva foi mais intensa nos tributários Ligeiro e Chapecó e no rio Uruguai, na foz do rio Chapecó. Foi observado neste estudo que alguns tributários se destacam como locais de desova e desenvolvimento de larvas de peixe, indicando a importância de se preservar estes ambientes.

Dental anomalies in Didelphis albiventris (Mammalia, Marsupialia, Didelphidae from Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Amelia Chemisquy

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Dental anomalies have been investigated and reported for most orders of mammals, including marsupials. Previous works in Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840 only described one kind of malformation or just a few observations from some collections, thus the type and presence of anomalies for this species was underestimated. The aim of this contribution is to describe and analyze several dental anomalies found in specimens of Didelphis albiventris from Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Dental anomalies were classified in three categories: supernumerary or missing teeth, morphological anomalies in size and shape, and teeth in unusual positions. We found 32 individuals of D. albiventris with anomalies out of 393 analyzed specimens (8.14%, some specimens with more than one anomaly. A similar proportion of specimens from Argentina and Uruguay presented anomalies, while in specimens from Brazil anomalies were less common. Anomalies were more commonly found in the upper toothrow and in molars, being supernumerary teeth and molars with unusual crown-shape the most common ones. The percentage of specimens with anomalies found for D. albiventris is higher than previously reported for the species, and other Didelphimorphia. Inbreeding and limited gene flow do not appear as possible explanations for the elevated percentage of anomalies, especially due to the ecological characteristics of Didelphis albiventris. Developmental instability and fluctuating asymmetry could be some of the causes for the anomalies found in this species, mostly since the habitat used by D. albiventris tends to be unstable and disturbed. Dental anomalies were mostly found in areas of the toothrow where occlusion is relaxed or does not prevent teeth from interlocking during mastication, and consequently have no functional value.

Developing a System of Protection for Young Children in Uruguay: Understanding the Link between the Home Environment and Child Development

Science.gov (United States)

Lopez Boo, Florencia; Cubides Mateus, Mayaris; Sorio, Rita; Garibotto, Giorgina; Berón, Christian

2018-01-01

Uruguay is making great progress in improving the lives of its youngest children. A national longitudinal early childhood-focused household survey has been, and will continue to be, an important tool for identifying concerns and targeting interventions. In a study of the home environment, the authors found that children from lower income…

Algunos aspectos de la climatología solar del Uruguay Some aspects of the solar climatology of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hugo Grossi Gallegos

2010-12-01

Full Text Available La cobertura espacial de las redes de medición en tierra no puede satisfacer todas las necesidades de los usuarios debido a su baja densidad esto es más notable en el caso de la radiación solar. La escasez de datos de irradiación global es la razón para utilizar la heliofanía para su estimación mediante el empleo de diferentes correlaciones que han probado tener un buen ajuste con las mediciones. Para trazar cartas de heliofanía (y a partir de ellas, de irradiación solar global en un territorio tan extenso como América del Sur es necesario estudiar la relación error-distancia entre estaciones en zonas homogéneas. Para ello, lo habitual es analizar el comportamiento espacial de algunos estadísticos de campos aleatorios, como por ejemplo, la función estructura. En este trabajo, se han utilizado datos medios mensuales de heliofanía de Uruguay y se analizó su variación con la distancia entre estaciones. Se presentan gráficos obtenidos para diferentes épocas del año, analizándose las condiciones de extrapolación espacial de la información. Además, se muestran los resultados del análisis estadístico de series temporales de valores medios anuales de la heliofanía diaria mediante la aplicación del test de Mann-Kendall. Finalmente, se presentan 12 cartas con la distribución espacial de la media mensual de la heliofanía diaria.The spatial coverage of land measurement networks cannot fulfill all the user's needs because their density is low; and this fact becomes more important in the case of solar radiation. The scarcity of global irradiation data is the reason for using sunshine hours in order to estimate them through different correlations which have shown a good fit with the measurements data. In order to draw charts with the spatial distribution of the sunshine-hours monthly averages (and from them, global solar radiation charts also on such a vast territory as South America, it is necessary to study the error

Competitive and innovation factors in wine tourism clusters: A comparative study between consolidated and emerging regions in Brazil and Uruguay / Factores de competitividad e innovación en clusters enoturísticos: Un estudio comparativo entre las regiones consolidadas y emergentes en Brasil y Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flores Shana Sabbado

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to establish a cross-country analysis of the structure and organization of wine tourism clusters in consolidated and emerging wine regions in Brazil and Uruguay, looking for identifying the key factors for competitiveness and innovation. The regions chosen for analysis are: Vale dos Vinhedos, Campanha and Vale do São Francisco, in Brazil, and sites on Montevideo and Canelones, in Uruguay. The study analyze competitive factors in each region, including: the structure and density, support institutions at national and regional level, educational and research institutions, organization process for the geographical indication and the relationship between wine tourism and the promotion of wine and region. Further than comparing the two countries, the research also puts stop regions according to their stage of development in each assessed factor. Thus, the study suggests strategies that can be adopted at regional level or in cooperation between regions (in the country or bi-national cooperation to strengthen and develop the tourist areas of the wine as a whole.

Estructura agraria y trabajo en un contexto de cambios: el caso de Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín Cardeillac Gulla

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo describe los cambios de la estructura agraria y la estructura social que ocurrieron en Uruguay entre 1980 y 2011. Mediante información censal, se muestra la disminución del número absoluto de asalariados agropecuarios, que se da junto al aumento de su importancia relativa frente a otros tipos sociales vinculados al sector, particularmente en relación a los productores familiares. Por otro lado, se observan modificaciones en las zonas de residencia de estos asalariados, que comienzan a cuestionar esa fuerte restricción a la elección del lugar de residencia, tradicional entre los trabajadores rurales.

Contribution to the study of Arapey Salto-Aquifer System (Department of Salto - Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Massa, E.

1994-01-01

This paper provide hydrogeological data about the Salto Arapey aquifer system constituted by sedimentary deposits and fisurate effusive rocks, respectively Tertiary and Cretacic aged. The information belongs to an area located at latitude South 31º20' West. North of the Salto city (NW of Uruguay) 500 km away from Montevideo. A regional aquifer system can be defined where the biggest flows are originated in the basaltic fisurate d rocks of the Arapey formation. Environment features are also considered and data about the main polluting agents - both organic and inorganic ones- are provided, bearing in mind that they justify an urgent safety design to protect the aquifer system

Persistent left superior vena cava with absent right superior vena cava: image findings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo Junior, Cyrillo Rodrigues de; Carvalho, Tarcisio Nunes; Fraguas Filho, Sergio Roberto; Costa, Marlos Augusto Bitencourt; Jacob, Beatriz Mahmud; Machado, Marcio Martins; Teixeira, Kim-Ir-Sen Santos; Ximenes, Carlos Alberto

2003-01-01

Persistent left superior vena cava absent right superior vena cava is a rare anomaly, with less than 150 cases reported in the literature. Congenitally persistent left superior vena cava is the most common variant of systemic venous return to the heart, resulting embryologically from failure of the left anterior cardinal vein to become obliterated. Its incidence varies from 0.3% in patients with otherwise normal heart to 4.3% in patients with congenital heart disease. In the majority of the patients, a right superior vena cava is present as well, but rarely the right anterior cardinal vein degenerates resulting in the absence of the normal right superior vena cava. The blood from the right side is carried by the persistent left superior vena cava to the right atrium through the coronary sinus. We report the case of a patient with a persistent left superior vena cava and absence of right superior vena cava identified by chance during a chest radiograph and computed tomography examination for investigation of chronic pulmonary obstructive disease. The patient had no congenital heart disease and the blood from the right side was drained by the persistent left superior vena cava into the right atrium through the coronary sinus. (author)

Energy efficiency of milkmaid systems in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

LLanos, E.; Astigarraga, L.; Jacques, R.; Picasso, V.

2013-01-01

Reducing fossil fuel consumption and increasing energy efficiency of agricultural systems may result in environmental and economic benefits. The aim of this study was to analyze dairy production systems from an energy perspective, to identify the main variables affecting energy efficiency and fossil energy consumption, through a model of inputs and outputs. The model included as inputs energy costs of food, labor, electricity, agrochemicals, fuels and machinery, and as outputs dairy and meat production. We analyzed a database of 30 dairy farms from southern Uruguay, from the Cooperative Nacional de Product ores de Leche (Conaprole), organized in three strata based on their dairy productivity per hectare. The fossil energy use was 2.40, 3.63 y 3.80 MJ.l-1 for productivity strata low, medium and high respectively (P<0.01). Energy efficiency averages were 1.40, 0.90 y 0.86 for the same strata (P<0.01). Fossil energy of agrochemicals and fuel accounted for more than 80% of the energy consumed in the three strata. The greater the percentage of concentrate in the diet, the lower energy efficiency (P<0.01). These results suggest the existence of a negative relationship between the intensification of dairy production and energy efficiency

Dinosaur ichnofauna of the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous of the Paraná Basin (Brazil and Uruguay)

Science.gov (United States)

Francischini, H.; Dentzien–Dias, P. C.; Fernandes, M. A.; Schultz, C. L.

2015-11-01

Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sedimentary layers are represented in the Brazilian Paraná Basin by the fluvio-aeolian Guará Formation and the Botucatu Formation palaeoerg, respectively, overlapped by the volcanic Serra Geral Formation. In Uruguay, the corresponding sedimentary units are named Batoví and Rivera Members (both from the Tacuarembó Formation), and the lava flows constitute the Arapey Formation (also in Paraná Basin). Despite the lack of body fossils in the mentioned Brazilian formations, Guará/Batoví dinosaur fauna is composed of theropod, ornithopod and wide-gauge sauropod tracks and isolated footprints, as well as theropod teeth. In turn, the Botucatu/Rivera dinosaur fauna is represented by theropod and ornithopod ichnofossils smaller than those from the underlying units. The analysis of these dinosaur ichnological records and comparisons with other global Mesozoic ichnofauna indicates that there is a size reduction in dinosaur fauna in the more arid Botucatu/Rivera environment, which is dominated by aeolian dunes. The absence of sauropod trackways in the Botucatu Sandstone fits with the increasingly arid conditions because it is difficult for heavy animals to walk on sandy dunes, as well as to obtain the required amount of food resources. This comparison between the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous dinosaur fauna in south Brazil and Uruguay demonstrates the influence of aridization on the size of animals occupying each habitat.

Acute contact toxicity test of insecticides (Cipermetrina 25, Lorsban 48E, Thionex 35) on honeybees in the southwestern zone of Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrasco-Letelier, Leonidas; Mendoza-Spina, Yamandú; Branchiccela, María Belén

2012-07-01

Glyphosate-resistant soybean cultivation is expanding rapidly in Uruguay, with its land area having increased by 95 times during the past 10 years. Because of the region's Neotropical conditions, insecticide use is required to ensure adequate soybean productivity. However, in areas shared by soybean crops and beekeepers - such as the southwestern zone of Uruguay (SWZU) - the use of insecticides can increase the risks of honeybee death and honey contamination. Uruguayan commercial and legal guidelines set out practices and field doses designed to prevent acute intoxication with insecticides. However, honeybees in the SWZU are predominantly a polyhybrid subspecies different from that used to set international reference values, and hence they may have a different acute toxicity response, thus rendering such precautions ineffective. The aim of this work was to assess the acute toxicity response of polyhybrid honeybees in the SWZU to cypermethrin (commercial formulation: Cipermetrina 25 Agrin®), chlorpyrifos (commercial formulation: Lorsban 48E®), and endosulfan (commercial formulation: Thionex 35®). Acute toxicity bioassays were conducted to determine the median lethal dose (LD(50)) of each insecticide for the honeybees. The results indicate that, compared with EU reference values, SWZU honeybees have a higher toxicological sensitivity to chlorpyrifos and endosulfan, and a lower toxicological sensitivity to cypermethrin, based on the commercial formulations tested. However, when these results were adjusted according to their field dose equivalents, only chlorpyrifos emerged as a potential problem for beekeeping, as the maximum recommended field dose of Lorsban 48E® for soybean crops in Uruguay is 23 times the corresponding LD(50) for honeybees in the SWZU. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Perennial grasses traits as functional markers of grazing intensity in basaltic grasslands of Uruguay Rasgos de gramíneas perennes como marcadores funcionales de la intensidad de pastoreo en pastizales de basalto en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martin Jaurena

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Natural grasslands in the basaltic region of Uruguay are threatened by an increase in stocking rates and changes in land use. To assess the effect of grazing intensification, plant functional types are proposed as simple tools to aid the monitoring and management of vegetation. In the present study we evaluated the effect of stocking rate increase at community level taking into account plant traits of 23 dominant perennial grass species. In order to identify plant functional types, we determined the grazing response in an experiment with two wethers stocking rates (0.78 and 1.56 livestock units ha-1 quantifying species cover and traits values. Leaf dry matter content (LDMC and specific leaf area (SLA were the traits that best described the perennial grasses response to the stocking rate increase and therefore are suggested to be used as functional markers. Three functional types were identified. Low stocking rates were related to functional type A (tall, warm season species with low SLA and high LDMC and functional type B (tall, cool-season species, with intermediate levels of leaf traits. On the other hand, high stocking rate encouraged functional type C (prostrate, warm season species, with high SLA and low LDMC. The classification of a highly diverse community into three functional types and the selection of traits as functional markers candidates is an innovative approach to develop simple and general methods to diagnosis the state of basaltic grasslands in Uruguay and to advise on its management.Las praderas naturales de la region bas áltica de Uruguay están amenazadas por el incremento de la carga animal y cambios en el uso del suelo. Para evaluar el efecto del pastoreo se han propuesto los grupos funcionales como una herramienta simple para el monitoreo y manejo de la vegetación. El presente estudio evaluó el efecto del incremento de la carga animal considerando rasgos de 23 especies de gramineas perennes dominantes. Para identificar

Porfiroblastic hornblendites: lithological, guide of arch root plutonism in Piedra Alta Terrane. (Paleoproterozoic, Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bossi, J.; Pineyro, D.

2004-01-01

Petrographic and geochemical features of porphyroblastic hornblendites in Piedra Alta Terrene of Uruguay are described. Their spatial and genetic relationships whith hornblendic gabbros and other basic plutonic rocks is also stablished. Their association with low grade metamorphic supracrustals inmagmatic mingling structures and late development, suggests an origin related to high vapour pressure that take off stability to gabbro paragenesis and favours Deer's reaction:pyroxene+ plagioclase +water= hornblende + SIO2. The silica produced is expressed as quartz dikes frequently mineralized with gold and platinum group elements. San Carlos gabbro is an uruguayan exemple of such proposed model.

Definition of a proper institutional and legal framweork to promote energy efficiency in Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blanco, Alfonso; Juarez, Maria

2010-09-15

There is no lower cost energy source than the avoided energy from unnecessary consumption either more expensive energy than scarce energy resources in a growing economy. Under this concept energy efficiency has been established as one of the main pillars of energy policy in Uruguay since 2005. A recently approved Law provides 4-axis of action to promote energy efficiency: building of institutional structure and long-term framework necessary for nationwide development, ensuring consumers access to adequate information, facilitating the access to finance and economic resources to encourage energy efficiency projects and, removing tax and administrative barriers to energy efficiency.

Abortion in Uruguay and Latin America: The position of citizens

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Máximo Rossi

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Abortion is illegal in most Latin American countries, although there are some attenuating and exonerating causes in its practice. However, studies performed in countries with liberalizing processes for more than two decades, such as the United States, show the persistence of different attitudes towards abortion, which go from points of view that are pro-life to points of view that are pro-choice. Based on Latinobarómetro 2007, this paper analyzes the attitudinal patterns of individuals towards abortion, with emphasis on its degree of justification according to socio-economic features, faith and religion, as well as the countries’ own characteristics. Ordinary least squares estimates for 18 Latin American countries show that men under 40, agnostic, highly educated and with socioeconomic access are those that justify abortion the most; likewise, Uruguay —particularly its female population— is the country where it is most justified.

Modeling Electoral Coordination: Voters, Parties and Legislative Lists in Uruguay Modelando la Coordinación Electoral: Votantes, Partidos y Listas Legislativas en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ines Levin

2011-01-01

Full Text Available During each electoral period, the strategic interaction between voters and political elites determines the number of viable candidates in a district. In this paper, we implement a hierarchical seemingly unrelated regression model to explain electoral coordination at the district level in Uruguay as a function of district magnitude, previous electoral outcomes and electoral regime. Elections in this country are particularly useful to test for institutional effects on the coordination process due to the large variations in district magnitude, to the simultaneity of presidential and legislative races held under different rules, and to the reforms implemented during the period under consideration. We find that district magnitude and electoral history heuristics have substantial effects on the number of competing and voted-for parties and lists. Our modeling approach uncovers important interaction-effects between the demand and supply side of the political market that were often overlooked in previous research.En cada período electoral, votantes y élites interactúan para determinar el número de agentes políticos postulados para la elección, así como el número de agentes políticos que reciben apoyo de los votantes. En este artículo, modelamos la interacción entre votantes y élites usando un modelo jerárquico de regresiones aparentemente no relacionadas, explicando la coordinación electoral a nivel de distrito en el Uruguay en función de la magnitud del distrito, resultados de elecciones anteriores, y régimen electoral. Las elecciones en este país son particularmente útiles para el estudio de los determinantes institucionales de la coordinación electoral debido a la amplia variación en la magnitud de los diferentes distritos, a la simultaneidad de las elecciones presidenciales y legislativas reguladas por normas electorales diversas, y a las reformas que tuvieron lugar durante el período bajo consideración. Encontramos que la

Ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em pequenas propriedades leiteiras do Uruguai Occurrence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in small dairy farms in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Furtado

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Neosporose é uma doença de distribuição mundial causada por um protozoário (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae, denominado Neospora caninum (N. caninum. Na América Latina, o protozoário foi diagnosticado no Uruguai, Brasil, Argentina, Chile, Paraguai e Peru. No Uruguai a prevalência em rebanhos leiteiros não foi determinada, havendo somente levantamentos sorológicos de algumas regiões do país em propriedades rurais de médio e grande porte. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a presença de animais sorologicamente positivos contra N. caninum em bacias leiteiras de pequenas propriedades com baixos recursos socioeconômicos da zona central do Uruguai (Estados de Durazno e Tacuarembó. Utilizando um Kit de ELISA comercial, foram analisados 734 soros provenientes de vacas leiteiras adultas, obtendo-se 211 positivos (28,8%, 517 negativos (70,5% e seis animais com resultado não determinado (0,7%. Nossos resultados demonstram a exposição destes rebanhos ao parasito, sendo este o primeiro inquérito sorológico de N. caninum em bacias leiteiras de pequenas propriedades no Uruguai.Neosporosis is a worldwide disease caused by a protozoan (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae, called Neospora caninum (N. caninum. In Latin America was diagnosed in Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Peru. In Uruguay, the prevalence in dairy cattle is undetermined, with only a few reports in some areas from medium and large farmers. The main of this study was to determine the presence of serologically positive animals against N. caninum in small dairy farmers in critical context from central region of Uruguay (Departments of Durazno and Tacuarembó. Using a commercial ELISA kit, 734 sera of adult dairy cows were analyzed, resulting in 211 positive (28.8%, 517 negative (70.5% and six animals with uncertain outcome (0.7%. The results demonstrated the exposure of cattle to the parasite, which is the first serological survey of N. caninum in basins of small dairy

Veia cava superior esquerda anômala com ausência de veia cava superior direita: achados de imagem Persistent left superior vena cava with absent right superior vena cava: image findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cyrillo Rodrigues de Araújo Júnior

2003-10-01

Full Text Available A persistência da veia cava superior esquerda com ausência da veia cava superior direita é uma anomalia rara, com menos de 150 casos descritos na literatura. A não-obliteração e regressão da veia cardinal anterior esquerda durante o desenvolvimento embriológico promove uma variação sistêmica de retorno venoso ao coração, com persistência da veia cava superior esquerda. Sua incidência varia de 0,3% em pacientes sem alterações cardíacas congênitas concomitantes a 4,3% naqueles com cardiopatias. Na maioria das vezes coexiste a veia cava superior direita, porém se houver regressão e degeneração da veia cardinal anterior direita, implicará a sua ausência e a drenagem venosa para o coração será feita pela veia cava superior esquerda ao átrio direito, através do seio coronariano. Mostramos um caso de um paciente submetido a radiografia de tórax e tomografia computadorizada para avaliação de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, tendo como achado a persistência da veia cava superior esquerda com ausência da direita, sem qualquer cardiopatia associada e com a drenagem cardíaca sendo feita, através do seio coronariano, para o átrio direito.Persistent left superior vena cava with absent right superior vena cava is a rare anomaly, with less than 150 cases reported in the literature. Congenitally persistent left superior vena cava is the most common variant of systemic venous return to the heart, resulting embryologically from failure of the left anterior cardinal vein to become obliterated. Its incidence varies from 0.3% in patients with otherwise normal heart to 4.3% in patients with congenital heart disease. In the majority of the patients, a right superior vena cava is present as well, but rarely the right anterior cardinal vein degenerates resulting in the absence of the normal right superior vena cava. The blood from the right side is carried by the persistent left superior vena cava to the right atrium through the

Effective and independent regulatory national infrastructure: Uruguay case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nader, A.V.

2003-01-01

Since inception in 1986 the National Direction of Nuclear Technology has fulfilled with the assignment known as 'Control of the ionizing radioactivity in its medical and industrial applications'. This strategic task as far as safety, was performed with significant and crucial deficiencies which they even motivated the users to question the reliability of the institution. The deficiencies were mainly as follows: 1) absence of a regulatory frame; 2) insufficient qualification of technical human resources and 3) lack of suitable equipment. From the use for Uruguay of the Model Project and the beginning of a new management of Dinaten (October 2000), a sensible and well-known increase in the quality and efficiency of the regulating function in the country, which we can summarize in the following landmarks: regulatory frame with the use of a basic norm and eight regulating norms according to the main practices that are developed in the country; intensive training of the regulatory body staff; permanent accomplished update of the inventory of sources; beginning of licensing activities; equipment of last generation; regulation of the personal dosimetry services and management of radioactive waste and establishment of a National Program of Radiological Emergencies. (author)

Emigration and Economic Crisis: Recent Evidence from Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adela Pellegrino

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Uruguay es uno de los países sudamericanos con una proporción significativa de su población viviendo en el exterior. Desde los años setenta, el país ha tenido una emigración neta. Aunque esta tendencia se debilitó a principios de los noventa, recobró fuerza con la llegada de una severa crisis económica en 1999. En este artículo se discuten las características de la migración reciente de uruguayos y se pone en evidencia la relación entre crisis económica y emigración. El volumen del flujo poblacional en 2002 es comparable con las olas de migración que tuvieron lugar en los setenta. Los emigrantes con educación universitaria están sobrerrepresentados en comparación con la población general. Existe una correlación entre el acceso a redes de emigrantes uruguayos en los países de destino y la probabilidad de que un hogar haya tenido un miembro que emigró en 2002.

Hydrochemical characterization of recreational thermal regions in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carrión, R.; Massa, E.

2010-01-01

The deep drilling in Uruguay yields thermal groundwater aquifer formations contained in Mesozoic and Permo-Carboniferous in the North Basin. This paper characterizes thermal environments from the standpoint of physical-chemical, used primarily recreational, noting also the presence of heavy metals of natural origin. We worked over 62 analytical results from various information sources between 1946 and 2007. Using appropriate software the results were entered selected based on reliability and study area, 11 wells, analyzed different diagrams to characterize the water. Based on the drilling location and classification hydrogeochemistry thermal, thermal environments proposes five sorted from North to South: Arapey, Salto, Guaviyú, Guichon and Paso Ullestie. The proposed thermal environments were differentiated by the constitution hydrochemistry of waters, from north to south evolve bicarbonate calcium bicarbonate to sodium chloride, and increase the presence of sulfates. Groundwater Arapey environments and Salto aquifers are contained in Jurassic-Cretaceous, while for the remaining three environments (Guaviyú, Guichon and Paso Ullestie), aquifers are geological formations Permo - Carboniferous. In the past, it was determined the presence of As, funded by pre-Early Paleozoic formations Guarani Aquifer System: Buena Vista and Yaguarí Resumen ampliado Introducción

Pictorial Superiority Effect

Science.gov (United States)

Nelson, Douglas L.; And Others

1976-01-01

Pictures generally show superior recognition relative to their verbal labels. This experiment was designed to link this pictorial superiority effect to sensory or meaning codes associated with the two types of symbols. (Editor)

Zoonotic Potential and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli in Neonatal Calves in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Umpiérrez, Ana; Bado, Inés; Oliver, Martín; Acquistapace, Sofía; Etcheverría, Analía; Padola, Nora Lía; Vignoli, Rafael; Zunino, Pablo

2017-09-27

Escherichia coli is one of the main etiological agents of neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD). The objective of this study was to assess the presence of virulence genes, genetic diversity, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in E. coli associated with NCD in Uruguay. PCR was used to assess the presence of intimin, Shiga-like toxin, and stable and labile enterotoxin genes. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and oxyimino-cephalosporins was estimated on Müller-Hinton agar plates. Further antibiotic disc-diffusion tests were performed to assess bacterial multi-resistance. The presence of PMQR, ESBL, MCR-1, and integron genes was evaluated. Isolates were typed using ERIC-PCR, and 20 were selected for MLST, adhesion to Hep-2 cells, in vitro biofilm formation, and eukaryotic cytotoxicity. The prevalence of ETEC genes was lower than 3% in each case (estA and elt). Six isolates were EPEC (eae+) and 2 were EHEC/STEC (eae+/stx1+). The results of a diversity analysis showed high genetic heterogenicity among isolates. Additionally, different sequence types, including ST10, ST21, and ST69, were assigned to selected isolates. Thirty-six percent (96/264) of the isolates were fluoroquinolone-resistant, with 61/96 (63.5%) being multidrug-resistant. Additionally, 6 were oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant. The qnrB, qnrS1, and bla CTX-M-14 genes were detected, whereas no isolates carried the mcr-1 gene. Isolates had the ability to adhere to Hep-2 cells and form biofilms. Only 1 isolate expressed toxins in vitro. E. coli from NCD cases in Uruguay are very diverse, potentially virulent, and may interact with eukaryotic cells. Zoonotic potential, together with resistance traits and the presence of horizontal transfer mechanisms, may play a significant role in infections caused by these microorganisms.

Monitoring the effects of climate and agriculture intensity on nutrient fluxes in lowland streams: a comparison between temperate Denmark and subtropical Uruguay

Science.gov (United States)

Goyenola, Guillermo; Meerhof, Mariane; Teixeira de Mello, Franco; González-Bergonzoni, Ivan; Graeber, Daniel; Vidal, Nicolas; Mazzeo, Nestor; Ovesen, Niels; Jeppesen, Erik; Thodsen, Hans; Kronvang, Brian

2014-05-01

Climate is changing towards more extreme conditions all over the world. At the same time, land use is becoming more intensive worldwide and particularly in many developing countries, whereas several developed countries are trying to reduce the impacts of intensive agricultural production and lower the excessive nutrient loading and eutrophication symptoms in water bodies. In 2009, we initiated a comparative research project between the subtropical region (Uruguay) and the temperate region (Denmark) to compare the hydrology and nutrient fluxes in paired micro-catchments with extensive production or intensive agriculture. The four selected streams drained catchments of similar size (7 to 19 km2). We have established similarly equipped monitoring stations in the four micro-catchments in spring (November 2009, Uruguay; March 2010, Denmark) to monitor the effects of land use and agriculture intensity on stream hydrology and nutrient concentrations and fluxes under different climate conditions. We have conducted high frequency measurements in the four lowland streams with underwater probes (turbidity, pH, conductivity and oxygen measured every 15 minutes), fortnight grab sampling of water and automatic sampling of composite water samples for nutrient analysis (total and dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus; sampled every four hours and accumulated fortnightly). Moreover, water level and meteorological information (precipitation, air temperature, global radiation, humidity) has been recorded every 10 minutes and instantaneous flow measurements have been conducted at regular intervals, to facilitate the calculation of instantaneous discharge from continuous records of water level (stage-discharge relationships). We will show results of ca. 2 years from this comparative study between Uruguay and Denmark, and the importance of differences in climate and land use will be discussed.

CONSORCIOS TECNOLÓGICOS EN ARGENTINA, CHILE, COLOMBIA Y URUGUAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Álvarez E.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza un conjunto de consorcios tecnológicos apoyados con recursos públicos en Argentina, Chile, Colombia y Uruguay. Estos programas buscan facilitar la interacción entre empresas e instituciones dedicadas a la producción de ciencia y tecnología. Los resultados, basados en datos recabados para un subconjunto de los grupos apoyados, ponen en relieve las dificultades y los largos tiempos que se re-quieren para lograr resultados concretos, en particular, en innovación tecnológica. El trabajo cuantitativo muestra una evaluación relativamente baja de las empresas res-pecto al efecto de estos instrumentos en la generación de innovaciones de productos y procesos y la obtención de patentes, aunque existen aspectos relativamente mejor evaluados, como el mejoramiento del acceso a conocimiento tecnológico, en ámbitos como el mercadeo y los recursos humanos. Esto puede deberse a que varios de los consorcios llevan poco tiempo en funcionamiento y necesitan un plazo más largo para ser evaluados.

Los gonfotéridos (Mammalia, Proboscidea de Uruguay: taxonomía, estratigrafía y cronología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Perea, D.

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A large sample composed of relatively fragmentary remains of Gomphotheriidae was found in Uruguay. Belonging to this family there are materials assigned to Camacho Formation (Late Miocene, and to Pleistocene to Early Holocene units (Sopas, Libertad and Dolores formations. The Camacho and Sopas formations contain remains of indeterminate Gomphotheriidae, and the species Stegomastodon platensis is identified for the Libertad and Dolores formations. We think taxonomically suitable to support the opinion that all gomphotherids inhabitants of South American plains pertain to the genus Stegomastodon and to consider that species as the only representative of the genus in South America.En Uruguay se han hallado numerosos aunque relativamente fragmentarios restos de Gomphotheriidae. Pertenecientes a esta familia existen materiales asignados a la Formación Camacho (Mioceno tardío, y a unidades del Pleistoceno y Holoceno temprano (formaciones Sopas, Libertad y Dolores. Las formaciones Camacho y Sopas contienen restos de Gomphotheridae indeterminados, mientras que la especie Stegomastodon platensis está identificada para las formaciones Libertad y Dolores. Entendemos taxonómicamente adecuado el criterio de mantener a los gonfotéridos habitantes de las planicies sudamericanas bajo el género Stegomastodon y considerar dicha especie como única representante del género en Sudamérica.

Lavalleja group (Uruguay) a neoproterozoic metavolcanic-sedimentary sequence: ore deposits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez Bettucci, L.; Preciozzi, F.; Ramos, V.

2003-01-01

The Lavalleja meta volcano-sedimentary Group, exposed along the Dom Feliciano Belt, is located in the southeast of Uruguay and formed by meta gabbros, basic and acid meta volcanic rocks. It was developed during late Proterozoic-Early Paleozoic Brasiliano orogeny. Based on the geochemical signature, Sánchez-Bettucci et al. (2001) suggested a back-arc basin tectonic setting. The metamorphic grade increases to the southeast, ranging from very low grade to lower green schist facies in the Minas formation, to lower amphibolite facies in the Fuente del Puma and Zanja del Tigre Formations (Sánchez-Bettucci et al., 2001). The metamorphic mineral assemblages correspond to a low-pressure regional metamorphism associated with a high thermal gradient (Sánchez-Bettucci et al., 2001).A compressive deformational event, that probably corresponds to the basin closure of the Lavalleja Group during a continental collision was recognized. The petrology, geochemistry, metamorphism grade, and tectonic setting are consistent with a back-arc basin as suggested by Sánchez-Bettucci et al. (2001)

Los Primeros Momentos de la Violencia Estatal durante el Proceso de Reorganización Nacional (1976-1983. Un Estudio de Caso: Concepción del Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Lisandro Cañón Voirin

2016-04-01

Full Text Available La dictadura militar del Proceso de Reorganización Nacional ha sido objeto de múltiples análisis, existiendo a día de hoy un gran número de investigaciones que han profundizado en el conocimiento del período. Sin embargo, poco se conoce sobre cómo se desarrolló en provincias, regiones, ciudades medianas, pequeñas y pueblos. En el presente artículo proponemos un abordaje a escala local para conocer la especificidad del proceso en la ciudad de Concepción del Uruguay (Entre Ríos. En primer lugar analizaremos la matriz discursiva y la materialidad ideológica donde abreva la práctica exterminadora del PRN. Luego, reconstruiremos algunos aspectos de la violencia estatal persecutoria, su implementación a través de la Oficina Técnica de la Policía Federal, ahondando en el estudio de las características de la represión en el Colegio Nacional de Concepción del Uruguay.   The military dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process (NRP has been studied from multiple perspectives, which translates into there being a great deal of research that has contributed to the understanding of this period. However, little is known about its development in the provinces, regions, small cities, towns and villages. Therefore, this article proposes a microanalytical methodology so as to determine the specificity of the process in the city of Concepción del Uruguay (Entre Ríos. Firstly, it analyses the discursive framework and the ideological materiality from which the NRP’s exterminating practice derives. Secondly, it looks at some aspects of the persecuting State violence as well as its implementation by the Federal Police’s Technical Office. In doing so, this paper aims at delving into the study of the characteristics of the repression that took place at the Colegio Nacional de Concepción del Uruguay.

The Dom Feliciano belt (Brazil-Uruguay)and its fore land (Rio de la Plata Craton): framework, tectonic evolution and correlations with similar terranes of southwestern Africa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Basei, M.; Siga, O.; Masquelin, H.; Harara, O.; Reis Neto, J.; Preciozzi, F.

2000-01-01

The Dom Feliciano Belt (DFB) stretches for ca. 1,200 km along southeastern Brazil and eastern Uruguay, with an average width of 150 km. From its northern limit in Santa Catarina to its termination m Uruguay, DFB is internally organized according three crustal segments characterized, from southeast to northwest, by a Granitoid belt (calci-alkaline to alkaline granitoid rocks deformed to different degrees); a Schist belt (volcano-sedimentary rocks metamorphosed from green schist to amphibolite facies), and a Fore land belt (sedimentary and anchimetamorphic volcanic rocks), the latter situated between the Schist belt and the old western terranes. Despite discontinuously covered by younger sediments, the continuity of these three segments is suggested by the similar lithotypes and structural characteristics, as well as by the gravimetric geophysical signature.In this work, DBF is interpreted as the product of successive subduction s and collisions related to the agglutination of different terranes generated or intensely reworked from the Neoproterozoic to the Cambrian, during the Brasiliano and Rio Doce orogenesis, with maximum time starting at 900 Ma (opening of the Adamastor Ocean) and ending at 530 Ma (deformation of the fore land basins) related to the tecto no-magmatic events associated with the formation of the Western Gondwana.Besides the Neoproterozoic DFB and its fore land, the Rio de la Plata Craton and the Luis Alves Microplate, constituted by Paleoproterozoic gneissic-migmatitic rocks, two other tectonic units can be recognized in southeastern Brazil and eastern Uruguay: the Sao Gabriel Block (RS) where Neoproterozoic juvenile material can be characterized in regional scale (in great part associated with an island are), and the Punta del Este Terrane, which presents, in southern Uruguay, an ortho gneiss basement with ages around 1,000 Ma and a meta sedimentary cover (Rocha Group), which can correspond in the South-American portion, to the Namaqua and Gariep

El Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud en Uruguay y los desafíos para la Atención Primaria The Integrated National Healthcare System in Uruguay and the challenges for Primary Healthcare

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Sollazzo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El artículo aborda resultados del análisis panorámico de la Atención Primaria en Salud (APS en Uruguay en Uruguay en 2009, en el marco de un estudio multicéntrico con objetivo de identificar posibilidades para reorientar la Atención Primaria en Salud (APS como estrategia para alcanzar sistemas de salud universales, considerando la segmentación del sistema y la fragmentación en la provisión. La metodología incluyó análisis documental, entrevistas con informantes clave y triangulación de fuentes de información. Los resultados se presentan en base al modelo analítico construido en cinco dimensiones: conducción, financiamiento, recursos, integralidad e intersectorialidad de la APS. A nivel macro se observa la reciente reforma sectorial con creación de un Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud (SNIS que favorece el desarrollo de la APS desde una concepción integradora. Se han definido acciones que apuntan a superar la segmentación del sistema y la fragmentación de los cuidados. Sin embargo a nivel operativo la segmentación presente antes del SNIS, así como el bajo nivel de coordinación de los cuidados no se han modificado aún. Esto se relaciona con la capacidad de gestión y factores organizacionales. La falta de recursos humanos adecuados para la implementación de la estrategia de APS, se identifica como factor relevante.The article examines the results of the overview of PHC (Primary Healthcare in Uruguay in 2009, within the context of the multicentric study of PHC with a view to identifying possibilities of redefining PHC as a strategy to achieve universal healthcare systems, taking into account the healthcare system's segmentation and fragmentation. The methodology included document analysis, key informant interviews and triangulation of information sources. The results presented are based on the analytical model structured in five dimensions: delivery, financing, resources, and integrated and intersectoral PHC. At the macro

Open Access and OER in Latin America: A survey of the policy landscape in Chile, Colombia and Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Toledo, Amalia

2017-01-01

This chapter presents an overview of the mechanisms (funding, policy, legislative and procedural) adopted by Latin American governments with respect to Open Access and Open Educational Resources (OER) initiatives in the higher education sector. It addresses three questions: How do the higher education systems of Chile, Colombia and Uruguay operate and fund their activities in general? How do existing policies and processes incorporating Open Access and/or OER influence student access to learn...

Conflictos de las transformaciones territoriales: Ganaderos frente a la intensificación agraria en Esteros de Farrapos Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Gazzano, Inés; Achkar, Marcel

2016-01-01

Agricultural intensification and production of commodities in Uruguay generates deep regional transformations as well as conflicts in the use of resources. Cattle producers at Esteros de Farrapos are facing a synergistic threat due to a process of agricultural intensification (IA) and a larger flooding severity. These threats impede alternate between the grazing of animals estero and high lands. Based on a synthesis of several works, we analyze the spatial transformation in the 1998- 2011 per...

Sociedad civil, Derecho y Política en Uruguay: un modelo desde la perspectiva de Habermas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Trujillo

2013-11-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se propone un bosquejo de marco teórico que puede ser productivo para investigar el problema de la democracia y la ciudadanía en América Latina, y en particular algunas características del funcionamiento del sistema jurídico en Uruguay. Para ello, en primer lugar se describe un modelo presentado por Habermas que vincula sociedad civil, esfera de la opinión pública y sistema político administrativo. En especial, se discutirá la noción de sociedad civil, subrayando que su componente asociativo y de tradición liberal es el que resulta congruente con este modelo. A continuación, se exploran datos empíricos para América Latina. Luego se retoma el concepto de “partidocentrismo”, propuesta para describir el hecho de que Uruguay fueron las organizaciones de los partidos políticos los que gestionaron el acceso de las demandas sociales al sistema político administrativo. Esto permite comprender mejor algunos fenómenos relevantes para el Derecho y el sistema jurídico, como ser el carácter flexible de la Constitución uruguaya, el papel central que parece tomar la Constitución con relación a ciertas luchas políticas, y el fenómeno de judicialización o juridificación de ciertas áreas de la vida social y política. 

Renovación historiográfica en el Uruguay de la dictadura y de la reinstitucionalización democrática (1973-1995

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zubillaga, Carlos

1997-08-01

Full Text Available The author provides an overview of the historical research done in Uruguay in the period from the eve of the military coup of June, 1973 to the present a period of the systematic renewal in this area of scholarship. Over these 25 years there have been significant changes in theoretical criteria, research interests, patterns of cooperation among historians, diffusions of their work, and professionalism in the field.

Se ofrece un panorama de la situación historiográfica en Uruguay desde los prolegómenos del golpe de Estado (junio de 1973 hasta la actualidad, advirtiendo la renovación sistemática operada en este campo del conocimiento. La indagatoria supone develar los cambios registrados en los criterios teóricos, los intereses temáticos, las modalidades de articulación del colectivo de historiadores, la difusibilidad de la producción historiográfica y la profesionalización de la disciplina.

Constitutional Decree No. 19 promulgating the Constitution of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, 15 August 1984.

Science.gov (United States)

1988-01-01

This Decree amends Section 44 of the Constitution of Uruguay to read as follows: "44. The State shall legislate on all matters related to public health and hygiene, and shall assure the improvement of the physical, moral, and social well-being of all the inhabitants of the country. All inhabitants shall have a duty to care for their own health and to have themselves treated in the event of disease. The State shall make available, without charge, means of prevention and medical care to indigent persons or to persons lacking sufficient resources." full text

Occurrence and biodiversity of Aspergillus section Nigri on 'Tannat' grapes in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Garmendia, Gabriela; Vero, Silvana

2016-01-04

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin which has been found worldwide as a contaminant in wines. It is produced on grapes mainly by molds from Aspergillus section Nigri. This study has demonstrated for the first time the occurrence of black aspergilli on Tannat grapes from Uruguay, in a two year survey. Aspergillus uvarum (uniseriate) and Aspergillus welwitschiae (from Aspergillusniger aggregate) were the prevalent species whereas Aspergillus carbonarius which is considered the main OTA producing species was not detected. OTA production in culture medium was evaluated for native isolates from A. niger aggregate and compared to levels produced by a type strain of A. carbonarius. This work also includes the development of quick and easy molecular methods to identify black aspergilli to species level, avoiding sequencing. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of meniscoid superior labrum: normal variant or superior labral tear

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Novelino Simão

Full Text Available Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of a "meniscoid" superior labrum. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 582 magnetic resonance imaging examinations of shoulders. Of those 582 examinations, 110 were excluded, for a variety of reasons, and the final analysis therefore included 472 cases. Consensus readings were performed by three musculoskeletal radiologists using specific criteria to diagnose meniscoid labra. Results: A meniscoid superior labrum was identified in 48 (10.2% of the 472 cases evaluated. Arthroscopic proof was available in 21 cases (43.8%. In 10 (47.6% of those 21 cases, the operative report did not include the mention a superior labral tear, thus suggesting the presence of a meniscoid labrum. In only one of those cases were there specific comments about a mobile superior labrum (i.e., meniscoid labrum. In the remaining 11 (52.4%, surgical correlation demonstrated superior labral tears. Conclusion: A meniscoid superior labrum is not an infrequent finding. Depending upon assumptions and the requirement of surgical proof, the prevalence of a meniscoid superior labrum in this study was between 2.1% (surgically proven and 4.8% (projected. However, superior labral tears are just as common and are often confused with meniscoid labra.

Nuevos formatos de convergencias de la educación superior: investigación en ciudades binacionales del cono Sur de América Latina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Vieira-Duarte

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Con este artículo, se presenta un estudio sobre políticas de democratización e internacionalización de la Educación Superior en “ciudades fronterizas vinculadas” de Brasil, Argentina y Uruguay; más precisamente “ciudades binacionales” en las que se evidencian lógicas internacionales y sub nacionales en el tratamiento de los problemas acceso y permanencia a la Educación Terciaria Pública. Se trata de una investigación  enmarcada dentro del Programa de  Estudios Posdoctorales (PEP de UNTREF, bajo la dirección del profesor Norberto Fernández Lamarra, y tiene por objetivos: describir las políticas de democratización de la ES en regiones de fronteras del cono sur de América Latina, comparar los discursos de las políticas educativas nacionales (y acuerdos bilaterales con las interpretaciones de los actores locales en estos contextos; y aportar a la reflexión metodológica sobre las investigaciones acerca de educación, internacionalización, democratización y ciudadanía en contextos fronterizos. Para esto se ha utilizado análisis de documentos oficiales, entrevistas y grupos focales con los actores involucrados en algunas experiencias relevantes de Educación Superior en ciudades de frontera con oferta educativa universitaria. En este trabajo se presentan los primeros hallazgos de la investigación.

The Teaching of Astronomy in Uruguay. (Spanish Title: La Enseñanza de la Astronomía en Uruguay.) O Ensino da Astronomia no Uruguai

Science.gov (United States)

Pintos Ganón, Reina; Fernández, Julio Angel

2008-07-01

We present in this work the development of astronomy in Uruguay since the colony times up to the present, stressing in particular those aspects related to the formal as well as informal teaching of astronomy. The first antecedents of astronomical studies in our country go back to the beginnings of the XVIIIth century related to the scientific expeditions from Europe coming to our shores. The teaching of astronomy was generalized at the high school level as soon as the end of the XIXth century, while itsintroduction at the university level happened much later, around the middle of the last century. We analyze the current situation of this subject, its problems, and some measures to strengthen its development. Se presenta en este trabajo el desarrollo de la astronomía en el Uruguay desde la época colonial hasta el presente, destacando en particular los aspectos vinculados a su enseñanza tanto formal como informal. Los primeros antecedentes de estudios astronómicos datan de la época colonial relacionados con las expediciones científicas del Viejo Mundo que llegaban a nuestras costas. La enseñanza de la Astronomía se generalizó en el ámbito de los estudios secundarios ya a fines del siglo XIX, mientras que en la Universidad su arribo fue mucho más tardío, a mediados del siglo pasado. Se analiza la situación actual de esta disciplina, sus problemas, y algunas medidas para fortalecer su desarrollo. Apresentamos, neste trabalho, o desenvolvimento da Astronomia no Uruguai desde a época colonial até o presente, destacando em particular os aspectos vinculados ao seu ensino tanto formal quanto informal. Os primeiros antecedentes de estudos astronômicos em nosso país datam da época colonial relacionados com as expedições científicas do Velho Mundo que chegavam às nossas costas. O ensino da Astronomia se generalizou no âmbito dos estudos secundários já no final do século XIX, enquanto que sua introdução na universidade foi muito mais tardia, em

Matrimonios consanguíneos en Uruguay (1800-1994: subestructuración y su relación con marcadores uniparentales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sans, Mónica

2003-01-01

Full Text Available En Uruguay existen escasos estudios sobre consanguinidad, todos éstos referidos a la segunda mitad del siglo XX. El objetivo de esta presentación es analizar las características de los matrimonios consanguíneos en dos regiones del Uruguay (sur y nordeste durante casi dos siglos (1800-1994, y los tipos de matrimonies consanguíneos con relación a la herencia de marcadores uniparentales. Se analizaron 28393 matrimonios registrados en archivos parroquiales de las ciudades de Montevideo y Melo, y las 633 (2,23% dispensas por consanguinidad otorgadas. Se estimó el índice medio de consanguinidad α, la frecuencia de los distintos grados de matrimonios consanguíneos, y la frecuencia de subtipos clasificados según relación y sexo de los ancestros para matrimonios entre primos hermano. El subtipo A (las madres de los contrayentes eran hermanas fue el más frecuente, y especialmente, las uniones paralelas (A+D con relación a las uniones cruzadas (B+C. Se discute cómo éstas preferencias afectan la consanguinidad y la transmisión del ADN mitocondrial , el cromosoma Y, y los genes ligados al cromosoma X.

Violencia, conflicto e integración social en el agro uruguayo Violence, conflict and social integration in rural Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diego E. Piñeiro

2002-12-01

Full Text Available En el Uruguay no ha habido en las últimas décadas episodios de violencia física en el campo derivados de la violencia de clase o de la violencia política. Los pequeños productores y los trabajadores rurales están sometidos a situaciones de violencia cotidiana: disminución de la rentabilidad de sus pequeñas explotaciones, expulsión de sus tierras y emigración para los primeros. Bajos salarios, accidentes laborales, e impedimentos para organizarse para los segundos. Sin embargo, los mecanismos de integración social con que cuenta la sociedad uruguaya amortiguan los disensos e impiden que estos desemboquen en formas de violencia.In Uruguay, the last decades have not witnessed physical violence episodes in rural areas resulting from class or political violence. Small farmers and rural workers are under everyday violence: for the former, it is decrease in profitability at their small enterprises, being expelled from their land, emigration; for the latter, it is low wages, work accidents, and the absence of freedom of organization. However, the mechanisms of social integration available to the Uruguayan society absorb the dissent and prevent them from ending up in violence.

Cannabis consumption patterns among frequent consumers in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Boidi, María Fernanda; Queirolo, Rosario; Cruz, José Miguel

2016-08-01

In 2013, Uruguay became the first country to fully regulate the cannabis market, which now operates under state control. Cannabis can be legally acquired in three ways: growing it for personal use (self-cultivation), cannabis club membership, and from pharmacies (not yet implemented). Users must be entered into a confidential official registry to gain access. This article presents findings of a Respondent Driven Sample survey of 294 high-frequency cannabis consumers in the Montevideo metropolitan area. Frequent consumers resort to more than one method for acquiring cannabis, with illegal means still predominating after 1 year of the new regulation law. Cannabis users overwhelmingly support the current regulation, but many of them are reluctant to register. Some of the attitudes and behaviors of the high-frequency consumers pose a challenge to the success of the cannabis law. Individuals relying on more than one method of access defy the single access clause, a prerequisite for legal use, while the maximum amount of cannabis individuals can access monthly seems too high even for most frequent consumers, which might promote the emergence of a grey market. Reluctance to register among a significant proportion of high-frequency consumers raises doubts about the law's ability to achieve its stated objectives. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Debt, Labor and Coercion. The Experiences of Canary Colonization in the Estado Oriental del Uruguay (1830-1843

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Florencia Thul Charbonnier

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the experiences of colonization from the Canary Islands driven by private entrepreneurs and backed by the Uruguayan State during the 1830s. This was a special type of immigration, close to indenture servitude, where individuals moving across the continents signed a contract that forced them to keep working in Uruguay until the debt they had incurred (the cost of their maritime passage was repaid. The Uruguayan State, through the police, was both the guarantor and enforcer of these contracts.

Systematic design and evaluation of crop rotations enhancing soil conservation, soil fertility and farm income: a case study for vegetable farms in South Uruguay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dogliotti Moro, S.; Rossing, W.A.H.; Ittersum, van M.K.

2004-01-01

Rapid changes in the social and economic environment in which agriculture is developing, together with the deterioration of the natural resource base threatens sustainability of farm systems in many areas of the world. For vegetable farms in South Uruguay, survival in the long term depends upon the

LAICIDAD, CIUDADANÍA Y POLÍTICA EN EL URUGUAY CONTEMPORÁNEO: MATRICES Y REVISIONES DE UNA CULTURA LAICISTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerardo Gaetano

2013-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se propone un análisis a propósito de algunas revisiones de importancia que en tiempos recientes se han verificado sobre las matrices clásicas del modelo de laicidad predominante en la sociedad uruguaya. A título de introducción se exponen ciertas visiones de síntesis y balance a propósito de las pautas más señaladas del modelo clásico de vínculos entre religión y política que consolidó su vigencia en Uruguay de fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX. Asimismo, se perfilan también algunas pistas de reflexión conceptual para nutrir la reflexión comparativa sobre los contextos más contemporáneos, así como en relación a la renovación teórica que se ha generado en el campo de los estudios sobre el tema. Luego se analizan varios de los fenómenos salientes del período más contemporáneo que refieren un cambio en las relaciones entre política y religión en Uruguay, así como los inicios de una rediscusión del modelo de laicidad imperante en el país.

Ideas, pensamiento y política en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay, entre los cincuenta y los sesenta Ideas, beliefs and politics in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay, between the fifties and sixties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inés Nercesian

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la relación ideas-pensamiento-política en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay en el período que abarca las décadas de 1950 y 1960. En primer lugar, se reconstruyen los principales debates de la CEPAL de los tempranos años cincuenta y su repercusión en los distintos proyectos y alternativas políticas de la época. En segundo lugar, se analiza cómo el triunfo de la Revolución Cubana obligó a revisar esos mismos problemas latinoamericanos, abriendo un nuevo escenario de alternativas políticas para las izquierdas y para las derechas. El estudio propone reubicar "revolución" y "violencia", tópicos muy propios de la década de 1960, en un mapa integral de circulación de ideas que comenzó a conformarse en la coyuntura crítica de los 1950.This paper intends to analyze the relationship between politics, ideas and beliefs in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay during the period 1950-1960. First, we reconstruct the main debates at CEPAL in the early 1950s and their repercussion on the distinct projects and political alternatives at that time. Second, we analyze how the success of the Cuban Revolution made it necessary to revise these same problems in Latin America, opening the door to a new scenario of political alternatives for the left- and right-wing. The study proposes reconsidering the position of "revolution" and "violence", topics that were highly characteristic of the 1960s, on an integral map of ideas that began to take shape in the critical instance of the 1950s.

[Fiscal policy, affordability and cross effects in the demand for tobacco products: the case of Uruguay].

Science.gov (United States)

Carbajales, Alejandro Ramos; Curti, Dardo

2010-01-01

Uruguay, a country with a solid tobacco control policy since 2005 shows, contrary to expectations, an insignificant decrease in total tobacco products' sales in the last five years. The hypothesis is that on one side, changes in household income and the income elasticity of the demand for cigarettes were important countervailing factors in the demand of both products. The period 2005-2009 shows a large increase of 36% in household real income in Uruguay due to fast economic recovery after the 2002 crisis. The second factor is the interchangeability of roll your own and cigarettes and the impact on the demand of each product as a reaction to tax and price changes. The tax and price of roll your own tobacco remains substantially lower than that of cigarettes. This fact, and the increased substitution of roll your own for cigarettes seems to be the main reasons for the low impact of the policy of tobacco tax and price increases. This paper then consists of a revision of a 2004 study to estimate separate demands for both main tobacco products and obtain estimates for own price, cross price and income elasticities. Then, a simulation study was performed using the elasticities found and two scenarios of increases in household income: moderate (2.5% per year) and high (5% per year) confirming that countries where income is growing fast and with a potential for substitution towards cheaper products require substantial cigarette tax and price increases for a fiscal tobacco control policy to become effective.

La contribución de los inmigrantes en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Arocena

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este es un estudio comparativo acerca de cómo nueve comunidades inmigrantes y los afrodescendientes fueron conformando la cultura de Uruguay, un pequeño país en América del Sur. La imagen más común de este país, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, es la de una sociedad homogénea y europeizada, construida sobre la base de inmigrantes provenientes de España e Italia, con una escasa población afro y sin nativos. Este panorama es cierto sólo a medias ya que también han sido fundamentales las contribuciones de inmigrantes provenientes de Asia, Rusia, otros países europeos y de esclavos africanos y sus descendientes libres. En particular analizaré cómo las personas de ascendencia africana, vascos, italianos, suizos, rusos, armenios, libaneses, judíos, musulmanes y peruanos, han contribuido en la construcción de la nación uruguaya. Este artículo presenta las conclusiones más relevantes de una investigación basada en casi un centenar de entrevistas en profundidad con integrantes de estas comunidades.

Characterization of home gardens in northern Uruguay and methodology for its diagnosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ignacio Traversa

2013-06-01

Full Text Available An ecological, productive and social diagnosis of homegardens in Northern Uruguay is displayed in this paper, as well as methodology to achieve it, that could be used in other similar systems. The fieldwork consisted of interactive surveys to producers and field inventories for gathering information on the social, technical, productive and ecologicalaspects of green orchards. . A map of the orchards was done by using a Geographic Information System (GIS. The homegarden is organic, aligned along the minor and major roads and forms cluster cores at the interface between the urban and peri-urban areas. The prospects of the orchards are limited for socio-cultural reasons. Species biodiversity reached a total amount of 187 and an average of 23 species per orchard. Policies are needed for rescueing inherited knowledge that will keep homegardens alive.

La reforma del proceso laboral en Uruguay. El regreso al proceso laboral autónomo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hugo Fernández

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The reform of the labor process in Uruguay. The return to the autonomous labor processThe reform of the Uruguayan labor process and the return to an autonomous legal regime represent a radical and fundamental change in the national legislation. The simplicity of new procedural structures governed by principles and owns norms of labor discipline give the new regime a dogmatic autonomous space lost for many years. The procedural labor reform is built on the adjectival character of its nature prioritizing the substantive law and adjusting the procedural rule to its characteristics. The principles of Labor Law (substantive and procedural are the foundation of the new regime

Action Research as a tool for the Strengthening of the Small Businesses Collective (Copec) in Salto, Uruguay

OpenAIRE

Marisabina Minteguiaga; Alejandro Noboa

2018-01-01

This article looks at the intervention process in the universe of the so-called family businesses or small business in the outskirts of the city of Salto, Uruguay. These are made up of commercial units whose economic function is linked, or better said, integrated, to the family structure function. This work is preceded by work done at the Universidad Cenur Litoral Norte between 2014 and 2015 with a group of about 15 entrepreneur units. On the whole, their location and influence area are ne...

La violencia patriarcal nuestra de todos los días: el acoso sexual callejero en Uruguay.

OpenAIRE

Fonseca Estévez, Agustina

2015-01-01

Trabajo de Conclusión de Curso presentado al Instituto Latino-Americano de Economía, Sociedad y Política de la Universidad Federal de Integración Latino-Americana (UNILA), como requisito parcial a la obtención del título de Licenciada en Ciencia Política y Sociología – Estado, Sociedad y Política en América Latina El presente trabajo de investigación estudia el acoso sexual callejero como una expresión de violencia, específicamente de violencia de género en Montevideo, Uruguay. El trabajo ...

El Uruguay progresista: entre la soberanía y el biocontrol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Rossal

2018-03-01

Full Text Available A partir de un largo proceso de investigación etnográfica con usuarios de drogas en situación de extrema pobreza, presento un recorrido del tratamiento que distintos sectores del Estado uruguayo otorgan a los ciudadanos que se encuentran en sus márgenes: personas en situación de pobreza extrema, encarceladas o con usos problemáticos de drogas. Uruguay, un país entendido como progresista y liberal, con leyes que en los últimos años han regulado el acceso de las personas al cannabis, al matrimonio igualitario y de las mujeres a la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo, tiene una contracara tutelar y vigilante que exige la obediencia de los sujetos para otorgar el ejercicio de los derechos y los cuidados. Al igual que en otras partes, el Estado uruguayo se debate entre las amenazas a su soberanía y el ejercicio de formas contemporáneas del biocontrol.

Towards a sustainable architecture: Learning of the constructed thing. The case of the residential sector I publish in Uruguay; Hacia una arquitectura sostenible: Aprendiendo de lo construido. El caso del sector residencial publico en Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Piccion, A.; Camacho, M.; Lopez, N.; Milicua, S.

2008-07-01

This article presents measure data and satisfaction question in dwellings which had been Safety financed in ninety decade, in two cities of Uruguay. It assess the design strategies which are essentially used by architects, using the collected interior and exterior temperature data, the comfort hour percentages and the user perception of thermal environment. In Montevideo we observe a good performance to the strategies (solar protection, window factor and high inertia) adapted for the warm period. In Salto we observe a poor thermal behaviour, focus on users comfort due to the architects applied design strategies with identical criteria as in Montevideo, forgetting the local climate. (Author)

Assessment of the quality of immunization data produced by the national individual registration system in Uruguay, 2006 Evaluación de la calidad de los datos de vacunación generados por el sistema nacional de registro individual en Uruguay, 2006

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olivier Ronveaux

2009-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The nominal registration system of Uruguay's national immunization program (NIP tracks administered vaccines on a paper form filled out after each vaccination and collated into a national database, thus allowing for individual follow-up. This study performed a comprehensive assessment of the quality of Uruguay's immunization data in November 2006 to evaluate the validity of the information and to confirm the high national immunization coverage reported by the program. METHODS: The research team analyzed the concordance of the operational-level numerators (infant immunization data from 18 public and private vaccination centers in six country departments with department- and national-level data, and compared the national-level (NIP infant denominators with other official sources. A standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate system performance at the operational (vaccination center, department, and national level. Rapid house-to-house monitoring was conducted to generate additional coverage estimates. RESULTS: Numerator accuracy throughout the data flow was 100%, and national-level denominators appeared to be exhaustive. Overall system performance was excellent (proper archiving and recording of form data, sufficient supply of forms, timely flow of information, adequate defaulter tracing practices and computer system security. The main weaknesses were the degree of data analysis and feedback to peripheral levels. House-to-house monitoring showed high overall immunization coverage (97%. CONCLUSION: Uruguay's NIP registration system produces remarkably reliable information, ensuring valid measurement of immunization coverage. In addition, by allowing for monitoring of each child's current vaccination status, it facilitates management of interventions designed to reduce vaccination default and thus helps achieve the country's high level of coverage.OBJETIVOS: El sistema de registro nominal del programa nacional de vacunación (PNV de

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de las lesiones de la mucosa oral en la población urbana del Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz Casnati

Full Text Available Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal e identificar los factores de riesgo en el desarrollo de las mismas en una muestra representativa de la población adulta urbana del Uruguay. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal que registró 922 personas (537 F/385M, edades de 15-24, 35-44 y 65-74 años basado en un diseño muestral estratificado por conglomerado polietápico. A partir de los datos de la muestra se estimaron las prevalencias de cada entidad así como los intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: La candidosis y las lesiones proliferativas se observaron en 26% y en 17% de las personas y se presentaron significativamente asociadas al género femenino. La prevalencia de la leucoplasia fue del 7% y en el análisis multivariado presentó una asociación significativa con el consumo de mate. Conclusiones: Las lesiones orales se presentan de manera prevalente en los adultos mayores en el Uruguay, lo que sugiere que se deberían implementar programas de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado de las mismas

Uruguay 2006: desarrollo equivo o ruptura con la historia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo BITTENCOURT

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo se argumenta que el muy bajo desempeño económico de Uruguay durante el siglo XX y en particular desde la década de 1960, que lo aleja progresivamente de la dinámica de la economía mundial aumentando la brecha de subdesarrollo, se explica fundamentalmente por la especialización del país en productos de muy escasa dinámica en el mercado mundial así como de muy bajo dinamismo tecnológico. El ensayo de modelo (neoliberal en lo económico y conservador en lo político resultó un fracaso en términos de mejorar la tasa de crecimiento de largo plazo del país, profundizando su especialización basada en productos primarios. Esto implica además un problema en términos de la capacidad de generación de empleos y de la distribución de ingresos. La reactivación reciente así como algunas medidas adoptadas por el nuevo Gobierno Progresista han resultado exitosas en aumentar los salarios, reducir la informalidad y ordenar la macroeconomía luego de la profunda crisis financiera que explotó en el 2002. Pero la ruptura con el pasado, necesaria para elevar significativamente la tasa de crecimiento sostenible de esta economía, requerirá posiblemente de otras acciones en torno a una estrategia de desarrollo de largo plazo, que ponga sus miras en mejorar la capacidad innovadora de la estructura productiva desarrollando nuevas ramas mediante la integración regional.ABSTRACT: This article shows that Uruguay’s very low long term growth performance, which implies an increasing divergence with respect to the world economy, is explained by specialization and productive problems. Uruguay produces and sells goods with very low dynamics in the world markets, and with slow technology changes. The (neoliberal and politically conservative development model applied in the last decades, failed in the objective of improving the long term growth rate, because this model implied a productive structure based in natural resources with

Más allá de la cría extensiva: un estudio matizado sobre la geografía económica de Uruguay antes de la modernización

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Vicario

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza algunas características sociodemográficas y económicas de las sociedades de América Latina precapitalistas del Cono Sur; específicamente, la estructura demográfica y ocupacional del sur de Uruguay entre 1760 y 1860. Se enfatiza en la importancia de la mano de obra familiar en los distintos contextos socioeconómicos de la región, así como en el peso de los sectores productivos en la estructura ocupacional. A partir de esto se visualiza una geografía económica distinta a la que planteaba a Uruguay como un territorio homogéneo: las regiones se distinguen según su trayectoria demográfica y económica y se matiza la imagen de una sociedad segmentada en estancieros y gauchos, característica de la historiografía tradicional de la cuenca del Plata. A partir de padrones de la población de Montevideo y sus alrededores se estudia el tamaño y la composición de los hogares, la población activa y la estructura ocupacional.The aim of this paper is to establish some questions about some economic and demographic characteristics of pre-industrial Latin America societies, specially the demographic and occupational structure of the South of Uruguay between 1760 and 1860 in the Río de la Plata context. We highlight in the first place the importance of the familiar labor force in different socioeconomic contexts of the region; in the second place, the size of the productive sectors in the occupational structure. From this, we can see a different economic geography from those which raised the image of Uruguay as a homogeneous territory: the regions are distinguished by the demographic and economic path and the society segmented in estancieros and gauchos is questioned. From population registers from Montevideo and surroundings we analyze the size and composition of the homes, the active population and the occupational structure.

Création d'outils pour la mesure de l'intégration des technologies de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... dont les technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) sont intégrées en classe. ... Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay. Project Leader. Susana Martínez Restrepo. Institution. Fundación para la Educación Superior y el Desarrollo.

The Pragmatics of Domestic Violence Discourse in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teresa Herrera

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Domestic violence (DV is a form of gender-based violence and a violation of human rights. As such, it was analyzed from the perspective of feminist theory in the dissertation this article is based on, by analyzing discourse pragmatics. Which are the socially accepted DV discourses in Uruguay? Which coincidences, contradictions, and paradoxes appear when we compare these discourses and those of everyday life? Which codes and subcodes should be modified by the sectors interested in the prevention and eradication of DV? The main hypothesis is that there are different types of opposition between the public discourse of different institutional sectors and that of everyday life. Describing these oppositions and, especially, unveiling the pragmatic paradoxes will enable us to develop a different type of discourse for the prevention and eradication of DV. As I am both a researcher and an activist on the topic, my epistemological choice was the autoethnography. This article provides some final reflections, included in the dissertation, on how the feminist movement needs to succeed in persuading decision makers and the mass media, and in building solid alliances to establish an information and monitoring system; the integration of the subject into the educational system; comprehensive legislation on gender-based violence; and new ways of communicating with all sectors, so as to create a new ideology on gender relations for the suitable prevention of DV.

Micro and mini hydroelectric power assessment in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nunes, V.; Genta, J.L.

1996-01-01

The School of Engineering in Montevideo, Uruguay, within the framework of Agreements made with the National Utility, has carried out an assessment of the potential and studies of the feasibility of the use of renewable energy for the generation of electrical power, both at the industrial level and the autonomous level for rural electrification. Original assessment methodologies were developed, including calculation tools which allow, for example, to analyze historical meteorological data, to calculate the available energy in different kinds of energy generators and also to stimulate the operation and design of autonomous systems with established load requirements and service quality. At the micro and mini hydropower assessment, the main role was placed on the census of potential users and the preliminary analysis of the representative places for the different technical solutions adequate to the variety of topographic conditions and load requirements. For power above 1 MW and up to 5 MW, the generating potential was assessed all over the country. If power lower than 1 MW or lower than 100kW (mini and micro) is considered, the information available in maps with contour lines, including in those of a 1:50,000 scale, is not enough to identify the most adequate places. Instead, knowledge of the place is indispensable in these cases. A preliminary plan of several installations was worked out. (Author)

Intraspecific variation of Bothrops pubescens (cope, 1869 venom in Uruguay (serpentes: viperidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V. Morais

2006-01-01

Full Text Available In Uruguay, there was no information about the variations degree in Bothrops pubescens venoms until the present work, in which we investigated intraspecific venom variation using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE. We found some differences in the venom protein profile; however, they were not related to the parameters studied (geographic distribution, weight, sex, and captivity time. Moreover, we distinguished two different groups in relation to band densities at 49 and 57 kDa. Specimens with predominant density in the 49kDa band tend to be predominantly females. Weight distribution in this group extended for all the range (150-1500 g with an average weight of 720 g. The other group (57kDa predominant band showed restricted weight range (150-400 g with an average weight of 280 g. Cluster analysis was also performed. The variability observed in the venom profile probably corresponds to genetic variations.

Frecuencia de las enfermedades de la mucosa bucal en el Uruguay en niños de 0 a 14 años

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Keochgerián

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio clínico-epidemiológico, analítico y transversal en 401 individuos de 0 a 14 años, distribuidos en dos muestras aleatorias, provenientes del Instituto Nacional del Niño y Adolescente del Uruguay (INAU y el Centro de Asistencia del Sindicato Médico del Uruguay (CASMU. El objetivo fue establecer la prevalencia de las enfermedades de la mucosa bucal en 401 pacientes y en cada una de las muestras; determinar la influencia del género, la edad, la localización en la mucosa, la situación socio-económica-cultural, establecer la frecuencia relativa por categorías de enfermedades y comparar los resultados obtenidos con estudios similares de otrosmedios. La prevalencia total fue de 32.9%; en CASMU 36.8% y en INAU 29%. Las variables edad y género no determinaron diferencias significativas. Se consideraron lesiones: traumáticas, de desarrollo, infecciosas, inmunoalérgicas, crecimientos tisulares, por acción del tabaco e idiopáticas. Las lesiones más prevalentes fueron las traumáticas y las de desarrollo

Indications of the Implementation in the Process of Educational Reform in Uruguay Indicadores de la implementación en procesos de reforma educativa en Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos R. Sarasola

2000-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper the author investigates, from a qualitative perspective, the problems associated with implementing educational innovations. He studies the recent case of the Basic Cycle reform in Uruguay. Based on the concepts of van der Vegt and Vandenberghe (1992, he analyzes the "functions guides" exercised by the director in order to be able to regulate the internal flow of the implementation. The first of these is "conceptual clarity", which has to do with providing the professors with a clear vision of what will take place within the implementation, and with specifying that vision in terms of the professional knowledge and abilities of the faculty as well. The second of these is "directional pressure," which refers to an operational level of the implementation; that is to say, how daily activities mesh with the objectives of the reform. Next, "function of support" refers to the support offered by the director for the management of resources (material, emotional, technical, and administrative resources, so that the resources may then effectively support the work in the center. Finally is "definition of latitude," that is, the degree of educational autonomy that the faculty have with respect to the external objectives of the reform. En este trabajo el autor estudia, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, la problemática de la implementación de innovaciones educativas. Toma por caso la reciente reforma del Ciclo Básico en Uruguay. Con base en los conceptos de van der Vegt y Vandenberghe (1992, analiza las "funciones guía" ejercidas por el director para poder regular el flujo interno de la implementación. La primera de ellas es la "claridad conceptual", que tiene que ver con las posibilidades de proveer a los profesores de una clara visión de lo que ha de lograrse con la implementación y con concretar esa visión en términos de saber profesional y habilidades de los docentes. La segunda es la "presión direccional" que refiere a un nivel

Property rights and chronic diseases: evidence from a natural experiment in Montevideo, Uruguay 1990-2006.

Science.gov (United States)

Gandelman, Néstor

2010-07-01

We exploit a natural experiment in Montevideo, Uruguay, in order to analyse the effects on human health of granting formal property rights to untitled individuals. Because of administrative mistakes committed decades ago by an institution that no longer exists, such rights may be transferred to residents of some neighborhoods but not to residents of others. We found that titling reduces the probability of suffering from hypertension and diabetes and in some cases rheumatism and asthma as well within 17 years of being offered property rights, but we did not find statistically significant evidence that the housing quality functions as a channel between titling and health. 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Rural extension in Uruguay: problems and approaches from the point of view of their extensionists

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando Landini

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Understanding the problems faced by rural extension in Uruguay as well as the conceptions used by the development agents to conduct their practices constitutes a contribution to both, the Uruguayan rural development policies and the wider space of the MERCOSUR. A quali-quantitative research was conducted, during which 32 Uruguayan extensionists replied to a questionnaire. Replies underwent content and statistic analysis. Results suggest that the Uruguayan rural extensionists posses a complex conception of their practice, which articulates productive and social dimensions and relates to a critical and participatory way of understanding rural extension. Nevertheless, a diffusionist conception of rural extension is also present in some cases. Finally, problems related to group dynamics are highlighted.

Chemical of shales belonging to Castellanos and Migues formations (Cretaceous), Santa Lucia basin - Uruguay: Paleoenvironment considerations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peel, E.; Veloslavsky, G.; Fulfaro, J.

1998-01-01

In the present work there are analyzed 16 samples of shales belonging to Castellanos and Migues formations (Cretaceous), taken from cores of various boreholes of the Santa Lucia Basin (Uruguay). Chemical analysis of major elements, trace elements (B,V, Sr, Rb, Cr y Ga) and X- ray diffractometry were done to them in order to obtain a geochemical characterization. The characterization shows that their chemical composition is comparable to the world average composition of shales. Besides, the X-ray diffractometry. Based on that, it is clear to deduce that it existed a change in the environment conditions having a shift from a redactor environment which agrees with former micropaleontologic studies. (author)

Las relaciones entre autonomía colectiva y gobierno en Uruguay: crónica con final abierto

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hugo Barretto

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Relations between collective autonomy and government in Uruguay: chronic with open endingThe present article, after making a brief recount of the model of Uruguayan collective labor relations, analyzes the foundation and impact of heteronomous regulation on the protection of trade union freedom and collective bargaining released in the context of transformation model during periods from 2005 to 2009 and so far until 2012, with the purpose of determining whether the same meant a profound and definitive break of the pre-existing model or rather it emphasizes some of its elements without disturbing the nature

Chemostratigraphy of Neoproterozoic Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gaucher, Claudio; Sial, Alcides N.; Frei, Robert

2015-01-01

Sawawin BIF (Saudi Arabia), and the Jucurutu Formation of the Seridó Belt (NE Brazil). Lake Superior type BIFs are represented by the Tonian Shilu Group (South China) and the late Ediacaran Arroyo del Soldado Group (Yerbal and Cerro Espuelitas formations, Uruguay). Useful chemostratigraphic tools...

Uruguay mining inventory results of the Mal Abrigo aerial photography chemical prospect ion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeegers, H.; Artignan, D.; Vairon, P.

1982-01-01

This report presents the results of the chemical prospecting strategic multielemental carried out, of the mining Inventory framework from the Uruguay aerial photography Mal Abrigo (sector M 25, area 82). The covered surface is of 660 km with a total of 753 samples, corresponding to an approximate sampling density of 1.14 samples for krri2; in parallel pH measures and radioactivity were made. The samples were analyzed in the laboratories of the BRGM (Orleans), for 22 elements for Spectrometry of Emission Captures. The geochemical answer in connection with the litology was good. Sixteen anomalies, little contrasted has been retained in what concerns to the elements Pb, Zn, Cu, Ace, Ag, and W; eight of those which are constituted for regrouping points. The main purpose has been to search ultramafic rocs in Cerro Chato -Durazno province.

Prevalence and predictors of exposure to multiple metals in preschool children from Montevideo, Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kordas, Katarzyna; Queirolo, Elena I.; Ettinger, Adrienne S.; Wright, Robert O.; Stoltzfus, Rebecca J.

2010-01-01

The extent of children's exposure to multiple toxic metals is not well described in many developing countries. We examined metal exposures in young children (6-37 months) from Montevideo, Uruguay and their mothers (15-47 years) participating in a community-based study. Hair samples collected from 180 children and their mothers were analyzed for: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and arsenic (As) concentration using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Median metal levels (μg/g) were: Pb 13.69, Mn 1.45, Cd 0.17, and As 0.09 for children and Pb 4.27, Mn 1.42, Cd 0.08, and As 0.02 for mothers. Of the child and maternal samples, 1.7% and 2.9% were below the limit of detection (LOD) for Cd, and 21.3% and 38.5% were below the LOD for As, respectively. Correlations between maternal and child levels ranged 0.38-0.55 (p < 0.01). Maternal hair metal levels were the strongest predictors of metal concentrations in children's hair. Girls had significantly lower As levels than boys (p < 0.01) but did not differ on other metals. In addition, in bivariate logistic regressions predicting the likelihood that the child would be exposed to multiple metals, hemoglobin < 10.5 g/dL (OR = 2.12, p < 0.05), blood lead (OR = 1.17, p < 0.01), and the mother being exposed to two or more metals (OR = 3.34, p < 0.01) were identified as significant predictors of increased likelihood of multiple metal exposure. Older child age (OR = 0.96, p < 0.05), higher maternal education (OR = 0.35, p < 0.01), and higher number of household possessions (OR = 0.83, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with decreased likelihood of multiple metal exposure. Preschool children in Uruguay are exposed to multiple metals at levels that in other studies have been associated with cognitive and behavioral deficits. Sources of exposure, as well as cognitive and behavioral consequences of multiple metal exposure, should be investigated in this population.

Prevalence and predictors of exposure to multiple metals in preschool children from Montevideo, Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kordas, Katarzyna, E-mail: Kxk48@psu.edu [Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802 (United States); Queirolo, Elena I. [Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo (Uruguay); Clinic for Environmental Contaminants, Pereira Rossell Hospital, Montevideo (Uruguay); Ettinger, Adrienne S.; Wright, Robert O. [Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (United States); Stoltzfus, Rebecca J. [Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States)

2010-09-15

The extent of children's exposure to multiple toxic metals is not well described in many developing countries. We examined metal exposures in young children (6-37 months) from Montevideo, Uruguay and their mothers (15-47 years) participating in a community-based study. Hair samples collected from 180 children and their mothers were analyzed for: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and arsenic (As) concentration using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Median metal levels ({mu}g/g) were: Pb 13.69, Mn 1.45, Cd 0.17, and As 0.09 for children and Pb 4.27, Mn 1.42, Cd 0.08, and As 0.02 for mothers. Of the child and maternal samples, 1.7% and 2.9% were below the limit of detection (LOD) for Cd, and 21.3% and 38.5% were below the LOD for As, respectively. Correlations between maternal and child levels ranged 0.38-0.55 (p < 0.01). Maternal hair metal levels were the strongest predictors of metal concentrations in children's hair. Girls had significantly lower As levels than boys (p < 0.01) but did not differ on other metals. In addition, in bivariate logistic regressions predicting the likelihood that the child would be exposed to multiple metals, hemoglobin < 10.5 g/dL (OR = 2.12, p < 0.05), blood lead (OR = 1.17, p < 0.01), and the mother being exposed to two or more metals (OR = 3.34, p < 0.01) were identified as significant predictors of increased likelihood of multiple metal exposure. Older child age (OR = 0.96, p < 0.05), higher maternal education (OR = 0.35, p < 0.01), and higher number of household possessions (OR = 0.83, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with decreased likelihood of multiple metal exposure. Preschool children in Uruguay are exposed to multiple metals at levels that in other studies have been associated with cognitive and behavioral deficits. Sources of exposure, as well as cognitive and behavioral consequences of multiple metal exposure, should be investigated in this population.

Open Access and OER in Latin America: A survey of the policy landscape in Chile, Colombia and Uruguay (Advance online publication)

OpenAIRE

Toledo, Amalia

2017-01-01

This chapter presents an overview of the mechanisms (funding, policy, legislative and procedural) adopted by Latin American governments with respect to Open Access and Open Educational Resources (OER) initiatives in the higher education sector. It addresses three questions: How do the higher education systems of Chile, Colombia and Uruguay operate and fund their activities in general? How do existing policies and processes incorporating Open Access and/or OER influence student access to learn...

Detection of Pesticides in Active and Depopulated Beehives in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Horacio Heinzen

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The influence of insecticides commonly used for agricultural purposes on beehive depopulation in Uruguay was investigated. Honeycombs, bees, honey and propolis from depopulated hives were analyzed for pesticide residues, whereas from active beehives only honey and propolis were evaluated. A total of 37 samples were analyzed, representing 14,800 beehives. In depopulated beehives only imidacloprid and fipronil were detected and in active beehives endosulfan, coumaphos, cypermethrin, ethion and chlorpyrifos were found. Coumaphos was present in the highest concentrations, around 1,000 µg/kg, in all the propolis samples from active beehives. Regarding depopulated beehives, the mean levels of imidacloprid found in honeycomb (377 µg/kg, Standard Deviation: 118 and propolis (60 µg/kg, Standard Deviation: 57 are higher than those described to produce bee disorientation and fipronil levels detected in bees (150 and 170 µg/kg are toxic per se. The other insecticides found can affect the global fitness of the bees causing weakness and a decrease in their overall productivity. These preliminary results suggest that bees exposed to pesticides or its residues can lead them in different ways to the beehive.

Evolution in the use of antidumping mechanism after Uruguay round

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinícius de Azevedo Couto Firme

2015-09-01

Full Text Available This paper analyzed how the main economies have used the antidumping measures (AD after the Uruguay round, between 1995 and 2012. Therefore, some techniques were employed in order to reveal the main AD users and the trend, of using this instrument, associated to each one of them. We also tested the hypothesis that countries could converge in terms of the number of AD cases and if spatial effects could be involved in this process. Finally, a criterion was established and a model was estimated in order to identify countries that usually favor the most competitive sectors through AD practice. The results revealed that Brazil was the only heavy AD user that was counter to the general downward trend verified on the AD cases. Meanwhile, China was not only the main target of this mechanism but the cases against this country showed a growth trend also. Furthermore, we found that the number of AD cases opened by traditional and nontraditional users is converging. Finally, both the index and the estimated model have indicated that Turkey and the EU seem to be favoring the most competitive industries through the AD practice.

Detection of pesticides in active and depopulated beehives in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Pareja, Lucía; Colazzo, Marcos; Pérez-Parada, Andrés; Niell, Silvina; Carrasco-Letelier, Leonidas; Besil, Natalia; Cesio, María Verónica; Heinzen, Horacio

2011-10-01

The influence of insecticides commonly used for agricultural purposes on beehive depopulation in Uruguay was investigated. Honeycombs, bees, honey and propolis from depopulated hives were analyzed for pesticide residues, whereas from active beehives only honey and propolis were evaluated. A total of 37 samples were analyzed, representing 14,800 beehives. In depopulated beehives only imidacloprid and fipronil were detected and in active beehives endosulfan, coumaphos, cypermethrin, ethion and chlorpyrifos were found. Coumaphos was present in the highest concentrations, around 1,000 μg/kg, in all the propolis samples from active beehives. Regarding depopulated beehives, the mean levels of imidacloprid found in honeycomb (377 μg/kg, Standard Deviation: 118) and propolis (60 μg/kg, Standard Deviation: 57) are higher than those described to produce bee disorientation and fipronil levels detected in bees (150 and 170 μg/kg) are toxic per se. The other insecticides found can affect the global fitness of the bees causing weakness and a decrease in their overall productivity. These preliminary results suggest that bees exposed to pesticides or its residues can lead them in different ways to the beehive.

The Text of the Agreement between Uruguay and the Agency for the Application of Safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1972-03-24

The text of the Agreement, and of the Protocol thereto, between the Eastern Republic of Uruguay and the Agency for the application of safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members.

The Text of the Agreement between Uruguay and the Agency for the Application of Safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1972-01-01

The text of the Agreement, and of the Protocol thereto, between the Eastern Republic of Uruguay and the Agency for the application of safeguards in connection with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is reproduced in this document for the information of all Members

Echinococcus granulosus infections of dogs in the Durazno region of Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Parada, L; Cabrera, P; Burges, C; Acuña, A; Barcelona, C; Laurenson, M K; Gulland, F M; Agulla, J; Parietti, S; Paolillo, E

1995-04-15

The prevalence and distribution of Echinococcus granulosus in domestic dogs was examined in three dog populations in the Durazno region of Uruguay. The prevalence was 19.7 per cent in 704 dogs successfully purged with arecoline hydrobromide. Higher prevalences were detected in dogs from the rural area (30.0 per cent) and the village of La Paloma (25.9 per cent) than in the town of Sarandi del Yi (7.9 per cent). The frequency distribution of E granulosus was overdispersed (k, the negative binomial parameter = 0.08), with only a few animals harbouring heavy infections. The results of a questionnaire showed that the prevalence was greatest in male dogs, in dogs that were not kennelled, in dogs that had access to fields and in dogs that were not dosed with praziquantel. Dogs that were given raw sheep offal by their owners were no more likely to be parasitised than other dogs; this may reflect the inaccuracy of the owners' replies, or that the dogs were being infected outside their home.

Decret 454/006 it approves offer presentation award contracts regulations to prospection stage as well as hydrocarbons exploration and exploitation in Republica Oriental del Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-01-01

Then and the efforts of the National Fuel Alcohol and Portland (ANCAP), to achieve fitness to the actual circumstances of the oil industry, the Resolution of the Executive no.930/993 determining the regime for the presentation offers for the award of exploration and exploitation contratosde of hydrocarbons in the Oriental Republic of Uruguay

Tratamento da síndrome da veia cava superior Treatment of superior vena cava syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Marcelo Inaco Cirino

2005-12-01

Full Text Available A veia cava superior é formada pela união das duas veias inominadas, direita e esquerda, e localiza-se no mediastino médio, à direita da artéria aorta e anteriormente à traquéia. A síndrome da veia cava superior representa um conjunto de sinais (dilatação das veias do pescoço, pletora facial, edema de membros superiores, cianose e sintomas (cefaléia, dispnéia, tosse, edema de membro superior, ortopnéia e disfagia decorrentes da obstrução do fluxo sanguíneo através da veia cava superior em direção ao átrio direito. A obstrução pode ser causada por compressão extrínseca, invasão tumoral, trombose ou por dificuldade do retorno venoso ao coração secundária a doenças intra-atriais ou intraluminais. Aproximadamente 73% a 97% dos casos de síndrome da veia cava superior ocorrem durante a evolução de processos malignos intratorácicos. A maioria dos pacientes com a síndrome secundária a neoplasias malignas é tratada sem necessidade de cirurgia, através de radioterapia ou quimioterapia, ou através da colocação de stents endoluminais. Quando a síndrome é de etiologia benigna, o tratamento é feito através de medidas clínicas (anticoagulação, elevação da cabeça, etc. ou, em casos refratários, através de angioplastia, colocação de stents endoluminais e cirurgia.The superior vena cava is formed by the union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins. It is located in the middle mediastinum, to the right of the aorta and anterior to the trachea. Superior vena cava syndrome consists of a group of signs (dilation of the veins in the neck, facial swelling, edema of the upper limbs, and cyanosis and symptoms (headache, dyspnea, cough, orthopnea and dysphagia caused by the obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava to the right atrium. This obstruction can be caused by extrinsic compression, tumor invasion or thrombosis. Such obstruction may also occur as a result of insufficient venous return

Report of a large depletion in the ozone layer over southern Brazil and Uruguay by using multi-instrumental data

Science.gov (United States)

Bresciani, Caroline; Dornelles Bittencourt, Gabriela; Valentin Bageston, José; Kirsch Pinheiro, Damaris; Schuch, Nelson Jorge; Bencherif, Hassan; Paes Leme, Neusa; Vaz Peres, Lucas

2018-03-01

Ozone is one of the chemical compounds that form part of the atmosphere. It plays a key role in the stratosphere where the ozone layer is located and absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation. However, during austral spring (August-November), there is a massive destruction of the ozone layer, which is known as the Antarctic ozone hole. This phenomenon decreases ozone concentration in that region, which may affect other regions in addition to the polar one. This anomaly may also reach mid-latitudes; hence, it is called the secondary effect of the Antarctic ozone hole. Therefore, this study aims to identify the passage of an ozone secondary effect (OSE) event in the region of the city of Santa Maria - RS (29.68° S, 53.80° W) by means of a multi-instrumental analysis using the satellites TIMED/SABER, AURA/MLS, and OMI-ERS. Measurements were made in São Martinho da Serra/RS - Brazil (29.53° S, 53.85° W) using a sounding balloon and a Brewer Spectrophotometer. In addition, the present study aims to describe and analyse the influence that this stratospheric ozone reduction has on temperatures presented by these instruments, including data collected through the radio occultation technique. The event was first identified by the AURA/MLS satellite on 19 October 2016 over Uruguay. This reduction in ozone concentration was found by comparing the climatology for the years 1996-1998 for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, which is close to Uruguay. This event was already observed in Santa Maria/RS-Brazil on 20 October 2016 as presented by the OMI-ERS satellite and the Brewer Spectrophotometer. Moreover, a significant decrease was reported by the TIMED/SABER satellite in Uruguay. On 21 October, the poor ozone air mass was still over the region of interest, according to the OMI-ERS satellite, data from the sounding balloon launched in Santa Maria/RS-Brazil, and measurements made by the AURA/MLS satellite. Furthermore, the influence of ozone on the stratosphere temperature

Au-delà de la protection sociale : les marchés du travail, l ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Country(s). Colombia, West Indies, North and Central America, South America, Peru, Uruguay. Project Leader. Mónica L. Parra Torrado (former PL). Institution. Fundación para la Educación Superior y el Desarrollo. Institution Country. Colombia. Institution Website. http://www.fedesarrollo.org.co ...

Kompetisi Stasiun Televisi Swasta Nasional Berdasarkan Superiority Direction dan Superiority Magnitude

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anastasia Winanti Riesardhy

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Uses and gratification theory is employed particularly as the teoritical frame of the research to examine the extent to which ten national television stations compete to satisfy Indonesian audiences. In particular, two main concepts of that theory namely audiences “gratification sought and gratifications obtained, are broken down and counted based on superiority direction and superiority magnitude. In general, the findings show that those televisions have satisfied their audiences, although in terms of gratifications to dispersal motives, they haven’t satisfied as much as it was expected. Significant competition occurs between TRANSTV and TRANS7, RCTI and SCTV, and TVONE and METROTV. TVONE become the most satisfiyng television station. Abstrak: Teori Uses & Gratification menjadi dasar penelitian ini untuk mengukur bagaimana kompetisi yang terjadi di antara sepuluh stasiun televisi yang bersiaran secara nasional di Indonesia. Aplikasi dari teori tersebut dimunculkan dalam konsep kepuasan yang diharapkan dan kepuasan yang diperoleh ketika menonton acara televisi dan didasarkan pada penghitungan superiority direction dan superiority magnitude. Sepuluh stasiun televisi yang diteliti telah dapat memuaskan audiensnya, meskipun untuk kepuasan atas motif pengalihan masih belum dapat melampaui kepuasan yang diharapkan. Kompetisi yang signifikan terjadi antara TRANSTV dengan TRANS7, RCTI dengan SCTV serta TVONE dengan METROTV. TVONE menjadi stasiun televisi yang menduduki peringkat pertama dalam memberikan kepuasan tertinggi kepada audiens.

Susceptibilidad de Biomphalaria tenagophila de las cuencas de los ríos Paraná y Uruguay a Schistosoma mansoni

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Edgardo Borda

1997-03-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de estudiar la posibilidad de extensión de la esquistosomiasis a las cuencas de los ríos Paraná y Uruguay se expusieron experimentalmente a infección por Schistosoma mansoni 1 711 caracoles criados en laboratorio a partir de ejemplares de Biomphalaria tenagophila recolectados en 15 poblaciones de dicha zona geográfica. Se utilizaron tres cepas de S. mansoni: la BH2, adaptada a B. glabrata, y las cepas SJ y SJ2, adaptadas a B. tenagophila. No se produjo infección de ninguno de los 543 caracoles expuestos a la cepa BH2 ni de los 668 expuestos a la SJ. En cambio, de los 500 expuestos a la cepa SJ2, fueron susceptibles a la infestación 4 de 163 caracoles (2% procedentes de Ayolas, una localidad de la cuenca del Paraná, y 8 de 45 (18% de los procedentes de Fuente Salto, en la cuenca del Uruguay. Estos hallazgos son similares a los de otras áreas geográficas en las que se han encontrado poblaciones de B. tenagophila que no se infectan y otras que sí son susceptibles a S. mansoni. Los resultados de este trabajo señalan la posibilidad de expansión de la esquistosomiasis a una amplia región de Sudamérica en la que se halla B. tenagophila.

A 10-year analysis of the oral squamous cell carcinoma profile in patients from public health centers in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Laura Cosetti OLIVEIRA

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics and predictive factors of poor prognosis in patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC in Uruguay. Medical records of patients with the diagnosis of primary OSCC treated between 2000 and 2010 in Uruguayan public hospitals were selected. Data on demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical features, treatment, and outcome were collected. Associations of independent variables with outcomes were assessed using Pearson chi-squared and Fisher's tests. Of 200 patients with OSCC, 79.4% were men (3.8:1 male:female ratio, with a mean age of 60.75 ± 11.26 years. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were reported by 85.3% and 63.5% of patients, respectively. The most commonly affected location was the tongue (42.5%, with lesions exhibiting ulcerous aspects in 87.9% of cases and pain at the time of diagnosis in 70.4% of cases. One hundred sixty-one (82.1% patients had advanced-stage (III/IV OSCC. Surgery was the most common treatment option, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 58.5%. Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of poor prognosis were clinical aspect, size, regional metastasis, clinical stage, and treatment. In Uruguay, OSCC is diagnosed late, which is associated with a low survival rate. Educational and preventive measures and investment to improve early diagnosis should be undertaken.

Initial antimicrobial activity studies of plants of the riverside forests of the southern Uruguay River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Bertucci

Full Text Available Development of new antimicrobial compounds against different microorganisms is becoming critically important, as infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of death in the world. Plants can be a useful source of these lead compounds. In this study, 66 extracts of 25 plants of the riverside forest of southern Uruguay River were studied for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria inocua, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. Fifty-three of these extracts showed some kind of antimicrobial activity. Six of these (Eugenia mansoni, Eugenia repanda, Myrcianthes cisplatensis, Paullinia ellegans, Petunia sp and Ruprechtia laxiflora presented activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC values as low as 50 μg/mL.

Information Superiority through Data Warehousing

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Warner, Neil

2001-01-01

.... A precursor to a knowledge edge is Information Superiority. Within most current Command Support Systems minimal integration and fusion of data is undertaken to provide the basis of information superiority...

Exploración de alternativas para el desarrollo sostenible de sistemas de producción hortícola-ganaderos familiares en el sur de Uruguay

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Aguerre, V.; Chilibroste, P.; Casagrande, M.; Dogliotti, S.

2014-01-01

La sostenibilidad de la mayoría de los predios hortícolas familiares en el sur de Uruguay está amenazada por ingresosinsuficientes y por el deterioro de los recursos naturales. En este estudio se cuantificó el efecto de la inclusión de diferentesactividades de producción ganadera en la estructura y

Introducción de la vacuna conjugada contra Hib en Chile y Uruguay Introducing Hib conjugate vaccine in Chile and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauricio Landaverde

1999-03-01

Full Text Available In some countries, the invasive disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib has been practically eliminated thanks to vaccination. However, in much of the developing world, meningitides and pneumonias caused by these bacteria continue to be a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality, as well as high hospitalization costs. Because safe and effective conjugate vaccines are now available, the Special Program for Vaccines and Immunization of the Pan American Health Organization has recommended introducing them into the regular vaccination regimen of as many countries as possible. This has been done in Chile and Uruguay, where the Hib vaccine now forms part of the regular vaccination routine. When the vaccine was being introduced, both countries had difficulties they could have avoided if they had known of the experiences of other nations. Therefore, these two countries now offer the lessons they learned to other nations considering introducing the vaccine into their immunization programs. The most important lessons were to: strengthen the epidemiological surveillance system sufficiently in advance of introducing the vaccine; with th support of sicentific societies, present the technical information that justifies introducing the vaccine; seek community backing and acceptance; precisely establish in advance the presentation and dosage of the vaccine that is most appropriate for the country; and be certain to have the political and legal decisions needed to ensure the continuity of Hib vaccination in the future.

The Agency's Technical Co-operation programme with Uruguay, 1982-1992. Country programme summaries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

The country programme summary reported here is one in the series of such studies being undertaken of the Agency's TC programme with Member States. With over $4.2 million of Agency support received, Uruguay ranks 37th among all recipients of technical assistance in the period 1958 - 1991. More than half of the assistance during the past ten years has been provided in the form of equipment (67%), followed by expert services (19%) and training (14%). Seventy-three per cent of the resources were provided through the Technical Assistance and Co-operation Fund, while 24% were made available through extrabudgetary contributions. The remaining 3% were provided through assistance in kind, with only an insignificant contribution by UNDP. With regard to project disbursement by sector, the largest areas have been nuclear medicine (35%), agriculture (23%), general atomic energy development (17%), followed by nuclear physics and chemistry (11%) and industry and hydrology (7%)

Reflexiones sobre la Ley 18.412 de Uruguay - Ley de seguro obligatorio de responsabilidad civil por daños corporales (SOA)

OpenAIRE

Lens Sotelo, Hugo; Banco de Seguros del Estado de la República Oriental del Uruguay; Rabosto Quevedo, Antonio; Mapfre

2011-01-01

This work analyzes the Law 18.412, approved by Uruguay on november 2008, itregulates the obligatory insurance of vehicles and covers the liability derived on injury caused by a land traffic vehicle.There are described the features requires and administrative proceeding in orderthe victims may claim and which persons are legitimized. It analyze the judicial proceeding to claim based on this law, the features of the proceeding, indemnification, advantages and limitations. El trabajo analiza ...

From Countryside to “Campaign”: Gender, Performance and Oral Narratives in Brazil and Uruguay Border’s

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciana Hartmann

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This article focuses on questions concerning the configurations of the gender roles among the female and male storytellers at Brazil/Uruguay border, taking into consideration the role of the researcher in this context. The differences of gender were gradually revealing its importance in the study of the oral narratives and, consequently, in understanding the frontier society, in the context of the present ethnography. The sexual division of work, time and space present in the local social organization is expanded to the oral narratives as well as to their performances. I intend to explore how these aspects, on narrative contents and/or on the way they are told, are being constructed while these differences are being delimitated.

Gas hydrates:estimation of the gas potential, from reflection seismic data in the continental shelf of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Santa Ana, H.; Ucha, N.; Gutierrez, L.; Veroslavsky, G.

2004-01-01

The uruguayan continental shelf shows geophysical indicators of gas hydrates in the Oriental del Plata, Pelotas and Punta del Este basin. The aim of this work is to present the potential presence of gas at the continental shelf in Uruguay and to evaluate the possibility of exploration of unconventional hydrocarbon plays. Analysis of the seismic surface based on regional and stratgigraphic information that proceeded from previous hydrocarbon exploration in the area have been used to estimatge resources of gas hydrates. Gas hydrates accumulation was mapped using characteristic reflectors and amplitude anomalies of seismic lines (BSR). Its quantity was estimated on this basis in about 86 TCF.

Temporal distribution of ichthyoplankton in the Forquilha river, upper Uruguay river – Brazil: Relationship with environmental factors - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v36i1.17993

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Antonieta Lopes

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the temporal distribution of fish eggs and larvae in the Forquilha river (upper Uruguay river/Brazil and its relationship with environmental variables. Ichthyoplankton and abiotic factors were sampled from September 2006 to August 2007. At the laboratory, samples were sorted and larvae were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. For data analysis we applied One-way Anova, Tukey’s test, Pearson correlation and PCA. In this study 200 eggs and 308 larvae were collected, showing differences in the temporal distribution and influence of abiotic factors. Larvae were identified in all stages of development, being distributed in three order and eight families. These results point that the lower portion of the Forquilha river is an important drift and nursery area for fish larvae of the upper Uruguay river. The breeding season for most species was greatly marked, between October and January, coinciding with the increase in temperature and decrease of the water flow. The response of reproductive intensity varies according to the environmental variables.

Agenda de derechos en Uruguay. Acontecimiento, biopolítica, inmunidad y fuerza de ley

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastián Aguiar Antía

2018-03-01

Full Text Available La aprobación entre 2013 y 2014 y la posterior implementación en Uruguay de un conjunto de iniciativas novedosas (regulación de la marihuana, legalización del aborto, matrimonio igualitario y otras presenta varias aristas interesantes desde una perspectiva "biopolítica": la procedencia de estos cambios legislativos, finalmente "acontecimental", una ola de protestas; el carácter crucial y ambivalente de las relaciones de edad detrás de esta nueva agenda; la entrada en la escena de la gubernamentalidad y la regulación de la vida; los procedimientos de inmunización que mantienen nuevos límites tras la incorporación. Finalmente, se muestra la existencia de un cierto estado de excepción, donde fuerzas diferenciales disputan el ejercicio de la ley tras su aprobación legislativa.

Uruguay 1968: una nueva mirada histórica cuarenta años después

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana María Buriano Castro

2009-12-01

Full Text Available El movimiento contestatario latinoamericano de los 60 se inscribió en el ciclo planetario a partir de una pluralidad de configuraciones y motivos. Desde el muy sangriento 68 mexicano al norte hasta el extremo sur del continente, los movimientos populares ganaron la escena y fueron responsables de los intentos de transformar un mundo que sentían periclitado. ¿El 68 latinoamericano se subió, en un movimiento inercial, a la cresta de una ola cuyo centro estaba fuera del continente o, fue un componente orgánico de la misma? Convencidos tanto del potencial dinamizador de aquellas expresiones, como de su concurrencia con una crisis histórica del sistema predominante, el objetivo de este artículo es estudiar desde el presente el periodo 1968-1971 pasado, en Uruguay pasado, a nivel de relato y análisis de coyuntura, como expresión del carácter proteico de las propuestas manejadas en el marco de las luchas sociales latinoamericanas._________________ABSTRACT:The Latin American anti-establishment and ground-breaking movement of the 60s emerged and fed the global scene on the basis of a variety of configurations and reasons. From the very bloody Mexican 1968 in the north towards the south of the continent, popular movements gained presence and were responsible for the attempts of changing a world they viewed as falling into decline. So, did the year 68 in Latin America climb out of inertia on the crest of a wave whose inner forces were outside the continent or, it was a structural component of it? Convinced both of the energizing potential of those manifestations and their concurrence with a historical crisis of the ruling system, the purpose of this paper is to analyze from the present, the 1968-1971 period in Uruguay, at narration and conjuntural analysis level, as an expression of the dynamic character of the proposals made by then, in the framework of social struggles in Latin America.  

Determinants and geographical variation in the distribution of depression in the Southern cone of Latin America: A population-based survey in four cities in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Daray, F M; Rubinstein, A L; Gutierrez, L; Lanas, F; Mores, N; Calandrelli, M; Poggio, R; Ponzo, J; Irazola, V E

2017-10-01

Depression is one of the major contributors to the global burden of diseases; however, population-based data in South America are limited. We conducted a population-based cross sectional study with 7524 participants, aged 35-74 years old, recruited between February 2010 and December 2011 from randomly selected samples in 4 cities (Bariloche and Marcos Paz, Argentina; Temuco, Chile; and Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay). Major Depressive Episode (MDE) was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) - 9. The overall prevalence of MDE was 14.6% (95% CI: 13.6, 15.6). However, there was a geographical variability of up to 3.7 folds between different cities being 5.6% (95% CI: 4.6, 6.7) in Marcos Paz, Argentina; 9.5% (95% CI: 8.2, 10.9) in Bariloche, Argentina; 18.1% (95% CI: 16.3, 20.0) in Temuco, Chile, and 18.2 (95% CI: 16.3, 20.2) in Pando-Barros Blancos, Uruguay. The multivariate model showed that, adjusted by location, being female, being between 35 and 44 years old, having experienced at least one stressful life event, currently smoking, and having a history of chronic medical diseases were independently associated with an increased risk of MDE, while having higher education and being married or living with a partner reduced the risk of MDE. These results are representative of the selected cities included in the study. As such extrapolation to the general populations of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay should be done with caution CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a high prevalence and variability of MDE in the Southern Cone of Latin America. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Burlington Northern Taconite Transshipment Facility, Duluth-Superior Harbor, Superior Wisconsin. Environmental Assessment Report.

Science.gov (United States)

1975-03-01

the Federal Government declared the Duluth- Superior area to be economically depressed . The reason given was the "consistant and chronic unemployment...include dogwood, sumac, arrowwood, blueberry, highbush cranberry , elderberry, wild grape, buttonbrush, snowberry and partridgeberry. Aquatic and...water for the proposed greenbelt areas and as dust sup- pression spray. 10.003 The depressed economy of the Duluth-Superior area would benefit by the

Summer crops evapotranspiration for two climatically constrating regions of Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gimenez, L.; Garcia, M.

2011-01-01

During the growth and development of grain crops there are a series of limiting factors which prevent obtaining yields to full potential. In particular, in summer crops grown in rain fed conditions, water deficiency stands out as one of the main factors affecting yield productivity. In this study crop evapotranspiration (E Tc) was estimated as a way to assess water needs in summer crops and real evapotranspiration (E Tr) of rain fed crops that occurs under field conditions. The study consisted in estimating E Tc and E Tr of soybean G M IV and V I, corn, sorghum and sunflower in two contrasting climatic regions of Uruguay for a period of 24 years (1984/2007) using the model WinISAREG. Water needs varied. The Nina and Nino years stood out with higher and lower values of Etc respectively. Such water needs are linked to cycle duration. Daily Etc was higher in the North and total Etc was higher in the South. The Etr obtained was substantially lower than Etc and with higher variability in most agr o-climatic situations studied. Sunflower and sorghum were the crops that presented the least differences between Etc and E Tr, and soybean and corn showed the greatest differences at both locations

Lithosphere evolution during the pre devonian of Uruguay: Prevalence of strike slip faults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bossi, J.

2010-01-01

The available data about mega shear zones were analyzed. Also the geo chronological trusty data about pre devonian rocks from Uruguay were overlapped. Emphasizing in the basic rocks, four tecto no-stratigraphy c terranes might be recognized. The approximate age of those rocks is known as well as the displacement trend. It can be concluded that the transmazonian age Piedra Alta Terrane (transmazonian age 2000 ± 100 My) is the most ancient block followed by the Tandilla Terrane (ages 2200 ± 100 My) which was joined through 1700 Ma. The Nico Perez Terrane displaced itself towards South generating the continental N10W mega shear fault Sarandi del Yi- Piriapolis towards 1250 My. Finally, the Arachania called continent made tangential collision from SE towards 525 Ma generating the ultramylonites band of the Sierra Ballena share zone. Each one of these terranes have totally different stratigraphy and lithological associations, and the chronological ages did not agree with the arrival of each one of the identified terranes

Household demand elasticities for meat products in Uruguay

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lanfranco, B. A.; Rava, C.

2014-06-01

This article analyzed the demand for meats at household level over the past decade in Uruguay, a country that exhibits a very high per capita consumption of these products. In particular, the consumption of beef is one of the highest in the world and only comparable to Argentina. The analysis involved a two-step estimation of an incomplete system of censored demand equations using household data from the last available national income and expenditure survey (2005/06). Thirteen meat products were included in the analysis: six broad beef products (de boned hindquarter cuts, bone-in hindquarter cuts, ground beef, rib plate, bone-in forequarter cuts, and other beef cuts), four products from other meats (sheep, pork, poultry, and fish), and three generic mixed-meat products. A complete set of short-term income, own-price and cross-price elasticities were computed and reported along with their 90% confidence intervals (CI). The results were consistent with both economic theory and empirical evidence as well as with the expected behavior, considering the relevance of these products, particularly beef, in the diet of Uruguayan consumers. All meat items were necessary goods and evidenced income-inelastic responses, which was expected given their high consumption level. All meats behaved as normal goods although exhibiting different reactions to changes in price. In general, beef cuts were more price elastic than other more broadly defined products. The more specific and dis aggregated the meat product the higher its corresponding direct price elasticity. The complement/substitute relationships found in this study were highly depended on the specific product combinations. (Author)

Household demand elasticities for meat products in Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno A. Lanfranco

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This article analyzed the demand for meats at household level over the past decade in Uruguay, a country that exhibits a very high per capita consumption of these products. In particular, the consumption of beef is one of the highest in the world and only comparable to Argentina. The analysis involved a two-step estimation of an incomplete system of censored demand equations using household data from the last available national income and expenditure survey (2005/06. Thirteen meat products were included in the analysis: six broad beef products (deboned hindquarter cuts, bone-in hindquarter cuts, ground beef, rib plate, bone-in forequarter cuts, and other beef cuts, four products from other meats (sheep, pork, poultry, and fish, and three generic mixed-meat products. A complete set of short-term income, own-price and cross-price elasticities were computed and reported along with their 90% confidence intervals (CI. The results were consistent with both economic theory and empirical evidence as well as with the expected behavior, considering the relevance of these products, particularly beef, in the diet of Uruguayan consumers. All meat items were necessary goods and evidenced income-inelastic responses, which was expected given their high consumption level. All meats behaved as normal goods although exhibiting different reactions to changes in price. In general, beef cuts were more price elastic than other more broadly defined products. The more specific and disaggregated the meat product the higher its corresponding direct price elasticity. The complement/substitute relationships found in this study were highly depended on the specific product combinations.

Radiation Protection Education in Diagnostic Radiology in Uruguay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cotelo, E.; Paolini, G.

2003-01-01

In Uruguay the lack of Radiation Protection (RP) laws makes education in medical use of ionizing radiations at University, a decisive factor of changes. The six years experience in teaching technicians, radiologists, interventional cardiologists and anesthetists in curricular lectures, continuing education courses and workshops, show the importance of a close link between educators and occupationally exposed professionals. Regarding training and education in the optimization of the procedures, it is essential that both teacher and student comprehend the exact meaning of ALARA concept. This implies that although the educator is the one who manages the physical basis of RP, the student is who teaches the educator about the procedures. This turns RP education into a dynamic process in which at the same time, both educator and student learn and teach. After the theoretical lectures, it is essential that students show their ability in applying the acquired knowledge in their everyday practice. Last nut not least, in order to fulfill the first RP principle,all medicine students need to be educated in RP and quality image criteria before the get their medical doctor degree. Our experience shows that RP education in diagnostic radiology requires an expert with both medical physics and Image technology knowledge that allow an approach to students work, language and everyday problems. Despite the fact that the main result of the Education Program is the way professionals improve their practice, another consequence was that the Regulatory Authority of the country called the teacher team to coordinate the first RP national course. (Author) 14 refs

Estado, intelectuales y movimientos sociales: un desarrollo filosófico con enfoques sobre Chile y Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Viscardi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Access from the political left to power in various Latin American countries also seemed to announce adherence to government policies by intellectuals linked ideologically to progressivism, especially after the escalation of repression that followed the Cuban revolution. Today notes, however, a growing gap between making political demonstrations of the intelligentsia and government teams that should represent them. That disaffection comes together with a rise of the opposition of social movements in different national contexts and with a media transformation of social relations, which seems to intensify the dismantling of modern subjectivity. Chile and Uruguay in recent years provide significant examples of these trends, the effect in turn of a general crisis of modern organic nature in society.

L'Accordo dell'Uruguay Round: una prima valutazione dei suoi effetti sull'UE e sui PSV

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. MASTROPASQUA

1994-09-01

Full Text Available On December 15th of last year, seven years after its start, the Uruguay Round negotiations for the reform of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade came to a conclusion. This paper aims to provide a qualitative assessment of the results achieved in the fields of agriculture, market access, trade rules and intellectual property protection, leaving out services, given the limited results of liberalisation achieved in this area. In this limited context, the focus is on the European Union and developing countries. The authors describe the details of the agreement by sector before analysing the effects on the EU and developing countries. The effects of intellectual property protection both industrial countries and developing countries is then assessed.

Geology of the Sierra de los ajos (Laguna Merin basin, Rocha, Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morales, E.; Muzio, R.; Veroslavsky, G.

2006-01-01

The studied area is located between Lascano city and Sierra de los Ajos hills (department of Rocha, East Uruguay). It is represented by volcanic deposits correspondent to Puerto Gómez and Arequita Formations which are exposed as remarkable and preserved hills in areas recovered by Cenozoic sediments and wetlands. Detailed geological mapping allowed the descriptive characterization of eight volcanic facies: five coherent facies and three volcaniclastic facies. Several structural lineaments located in a constrictive framework, according to the transcurrent system represented by the northeastern portion of the Santa Lucía - Aiguá - Merín tectonic corridor (SaLAM), were identified. These lineaments (Bella Vista, India Muerta and Los Ajos) controlled the tecto-magmatic arrange in this portion of the basin, determining petrographic and structural differences in the area. Particularly, to the East of the India Muerta with structural trend Nº20 felsic lavas corrrespondent to the Sierra de los Ajos and related volcaniclastic deposits are present. On the other hand to the West, intermediate to felsic lavas occurred and no volcaniclastic deposits have been yet identified

Lithic raw material procurement for projectiles points in the prehistory of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José María López Mazz

2015-03-01

Full Text Available This paper focuses on current research on early colonisation of the Atlantic coast of South America during the early Holocene. We present advances in the investigation of raw material procurement at the Rincón de los Indios site, located in the eastern part of Uruguay. The technological studies suggest that some aspects of different styles of projectile points are related with environmental adaptation processes, experienced by the first American people in the New World. The occupation of new spaces and new forms of exploitation of resources changes the organisation of lithic technology. The distance to good quality rocks were critical for the opportunities and economic organisation of hunting groups. The study of changes in lithic procurement strategies for projectile points helps us develop a more comprehensive knowledge of this important social adaptation process which occurred during this period. These patterns started to become stabilised in the latter part of the early Holocene across the extended territory and confirm the efficient land occupation associated an intensive hunter-gatherer economies.

The impact of the legalisation of abortion on birth outcomes in Uruguay.

Science.gov (United States)

Antón, José-Ignacio; Ferre, Zuleika; Triunfo, Patricia

2018-04-18

This study investigates the short-term impact on the quantity and quality of births of an abortion reform in Uruguay that legalised termination of pregnancy until the 12 th week of pregnancy in the short run. We employ a differences-in-differences approach, comprehensive administrative records of births, and a novel identification strategy based on the planned or unplanned nature of pregnancies that came to term. Our results suggest that this policy change has led to an 8% decline in the number of births from unplanned pregnancies, driven by the group of mothers aged between 20 and 34 years old who have secondary education. This decline has triggered an increase in the average quality of births in terms of more intensive prenatal control care and a lower probability of births among single mothers. Furthermore, we document a positive selection process of births because of the reform, as adequate prenatal control care and Apgar scores rose among the affected demographic group. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Superior oblique luxation and trochlear luxation as new concepts in superior oblique muscle weakening surgery

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mombaerts, I.; Koornneef, L.; Everhard-Halm, Y. S.; Hughes, D. S.; Maillette de Buy Wenniger-Prick, L. J.

1995-01-01

We used superior oblique luxation and trochlear luxation as new surgical procedures to treat acquired Brown's syndrome and superior oblique muscle overaction. We studied nine patients (11 eyes) who underwent trochlear surgery between 1988 and 1993. Four patients had acquired Brown's syndrome and

Paleoecology and environments of bioestromes and path reefs , its ostreid , enhdolith and epibionts ( Camacho formation - middle upper Miocene; Uruguay)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sprechmann, P.; Verde, M.; Martinez, S.; Gaucher, C.

1998-01-01

A special lithofacies of the Camacho formation (Middle-Upper Miocene, Uruguay), exposed at Puerto Arazati, is studied from a sedimentologic and paleontologic point of view. Ostreid biostromes and patch reefs show different kinds of growings patterns. Two kinds of ostreid concentration s, biogenic and sedimentologic were distinguished in Puerto Arazati based on taphonomic evidence. Endolith association and epibionts from biostrome and patch reef hardgrounds were also analysed in Puerto Arazati. Both sedimentologic and paleontologic evidence indicates a free of sediment, shallow water depositional environment, in the photic zone. Complementary data about endoliths from other outcrops of the Camacho Formation are included (author)

Relationships in international supply chain of a multinational: the case Marfrig in their units in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Troczinski Storti

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Studies aimed at understanding the characteristics of relationships that occur between companies involved in the supply chain are timely when the growing role of overseas companies. This article aims to understand and compare the presence and alignment of information on criteria analysis cooperation, involvement, trust, communication and coordination in supply chain relationships in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, of a multinational based in Brazil. It was developed an analytical model and, through interviews with members of these chains, it was found results with low presence and misalignment of information, which may prejudice new strategies in the perspective of SCM.

Oligosarcus jacuiensis (Characiformes: Characidae, a new species from the Uruguay and Jacuí River basins, southern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Naércio Aquino Menezes

Full Text Available The new species herein described, collected in the Jacuí and Uruguay River basins, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, can be distinguished from the already known species of the genus, but Oligosarcus jenynsii, O. perdido, O. acutirostris, O. solitarius and O. hepsetus, by the number of perforated lateral line scales. It shares with the first two species the absence of a premaxillary foramen, present in the last three species and differs from O. jenynsii by having a smaller orbital diameter and the tip of the pectoral fin failing to reach the pelvic-fin origin, and from O. perdido by the presence of more horizontal scale rows around the caudal peduncle.