Mortality of Kalliapseudes schubartii in unvegetated soft bottoms of the estuarine region of the Lagoa dos Patos

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Fonseca Duane Barros

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Studies were carried iut on seasonal mortality by taking samples of Kalliapseudes schubartii (Crustacea: Tanaidacea for a year in the estuarine region of the Lagoa dos Patos (southern Brazil. Results demonstrated no significant difference in seasonal mortality rates, which suggest that populations of K. schubartii was heavily preyed on year round and that an assumption of a significantly higher mortality in summer/autumn than in spring/winter might not be held in unvegetated soft bottoms of the estuarine regions of the Lagoa dos Patos.

Distribution of chewing lice upon the polygynous peacock Pavo cristatus.

Science.gov (United States)

Stewart, I R; Clark, F; Petrie, M

1996-04-01

An opportunistic survey of louse distribution upon the peacock Pavo cristatus was undertaken following a cull of 23 birds from an English zoo. After complete skin and feather dissolution, 2 species of lice were retrieved, Goniodes pavonis and Amyrsidea minuta. The distribution of both louse species could be described by a negative binomial model. The significance of this is discussed in relation to transmission dynamics of lice in the atypical avian mating system found in the peacock, which involves no male parental care.

Standard mapping of the environment sensibility of oil to Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Padronizacao do mapeamento da sensibilidade ambiental a derramamento de oleo para a Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Felipe C; Griep, Gilberto H [Fundacao Universidade do Rio Grande (FURG), RS (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The intense flow of fossil fuels in the inland waters of Patos Lagoon (LP) - Rio Grande do Sul, justifies the importance of preventive actions to claims by oil and derivatives within the lagoon. The mapping and classification of coastline environmental sensitivity for oil spills (Cartas SAO) is fundamental tool for this type of action. Therefore, since 2001, the Laboratory of Geological Oceanography (LOG) of Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG) has developed the mapping SAO for the LP. In this work, through review of raw data from the database of LOG, and taking into account the methodology proposed by the Ministry of Environment (MMA, 2004), gave up a strategic projection of standardized environmental sensitivity of the oil spill to Patos Lagoon. This new account also enable a better understanding of the lagoon ecosystem, enables comparisons between its different areas, facilitating the planning and decision-making, allowing the management for faster action-in response. Like, highlights the regions of the estuary of the LP, the delta of the Camaqua River and Casamento Lagoon as the areas of greater sensitivity to environmental spillage of oil from Patos Lagoon. (author)

The final optical identification content of the Einstein deep x-ray field in Pavo.

Science.gov (United States)

Danziger, J. I.; Gilmozzi, R.

1997-07-01

The optical identification of all sources revealed in the final analysis of the Einstein deep field observations in Pavo has been completed to the viable limits accessible to spectroscopy. This work combined with previously published data results in the identification of 16 AGN's with the real possibility of 3 further such identifications, while a further 2 probably are spurious. Another AGN is identified in an IPC exposure just outside the boundary of the four HRI exposures. One elliptical galaxy (or cluster) and one dMe star complete the tally. In a log N-log S plot the point represented by these 16-19 AGN's falls precisely on the extension of the line defined by the EMSS data, and somewhat below the line defined by the more recent deep field ROSAT data. It extends to fainter sensitivities than the previously published work from the Einstein observations of the same field. It is consistent with the more recently published data for Pavo obtained with ROSAT even though this latter reaches a slightly fainter sensitivity. This identification work therefore sets a firm lower limit to the AGN content of the X-ray identifications in Pavo. By virtue of having selected in this survey intrinsically fainter-than-average AGN's it has been possible to show, by combination with data for higher luminosity quasars, that a correlation exists between the luminosities and (B-V) colours extending over a luminosity range of 6 magnitudes. This sequence coincides with the sequence obtained by plotting data for all AGN's in the same redshift range taken from the Veron and Veron catalogue. It is argued that the magnitude of this effect cannot be explained by the translation of various strong emission lines through the band-passes of the relevant filters. It may be explained by the influence of host galaxies.

Variabilidade climática para o município de Patos, Paraíba, Brasil

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Hudson Ellen Alencar Menezes

2015-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar as variabilidades climáticas no município de Patos – PB, enfocando tais variações como um meio para compreender futuras mudanças. Para realização deste trabalho utilizou-se dados de temperatura máxima do ar, umidade relativa do ar e totais pluviométricos mensais e anuais no período de 1994 a 2012, da Estação Meteorológica do INMET na cidade de Patos. Como resultado pode-se afirmar que a temperatura do ar máxima anual demonstrou grande variação entre o período estudado, a temperatura máxima absoluta foi incrementada de 7% e a temperatura mínima absoluta sofreu uma redução de 10, podendo acarretar vários problemas socioeconômico, bem como, para a saúde humana. A partir dos dados, verifica-se, também, que a umidade relativa do ar está sendo incrementado ao longo da série estudada, fato que pode estar relacionado com o aumento da temperatura e consequentemente com uma maior evaporação das águas. Sobre os totais pluviométricos anuais, nota-se que os valores estão aumentando gradativamente, sendo que esse aumento pode estar relacionado com o aumento da temperatura, que faz com que se tenha uma maior evaporação e consequentemente uma maior precipitação.Climate variability for Patos city, Paraíba state, BrazilAbstract: The study aims to assess climate variability in Patos – PB city, focusing on such variations as a means to understand future changes. For this work we used maximum air temperature data, relative humidity and total monthly and annual rainfall from 1994 to 2012, the INMET Meteorological Station in Patos city. As a result one can be said that the temperature of maximum annual air showed great variation between the study period, the absolute maximum temperature was increased from 7% and the absolute minimum temperature was reduced by 10, which may cause various socio-economic problems as well as to human health. From the data, it appears also that the relative air

Geophysical contribution for Folha Patos (PI, Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodrigues, J.C.; Mota, A.C.; Metelo, M.J.; Vasconcelos, R.M. de

1990-01-01

As a part of PLGB (Brazilian Geologic reconnaissance program), executed in 1986-1989 period by Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais - CPRM to the Departamento Nacional da Producao Mineral - DNPM, geophysical studies were carried out in the Patos Quadrangle (SB. 24-Y-C-V). Gravimetric, magnetometric and scintillometric methods were performed over selected profiles, and the interpretation of aerial gamma-spectrometric maps (total, potassium, uranium and thorium channels) were integrated with geologic data. Computer programs Magpoly and Gravpoly were utilized in modelling geophysical surface data. Results of theses studies were auxiliary to the geological mapping of that area, specially in localizing lithological contacts and differentiations, tectonic structures, and revealed the structural compartimentation among crustal segments with distinct metamorphic grades. (author)

K problémům etiky vědy u J. Patočky

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hála, Vlastimil

2008-01-01

Roč. 79, 3-4 (2008), s. 400-409 ISSN 1211-7617 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) IAA900090803 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90090514 Keywords : Patočka * ethics of science Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Patočkova fenomenologie jako první filosofie a přísná věda

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ritter, Martin

2014-01-01

Roč. 62, č. 5 (2014), s. 711-724 ISSN 0015-1831 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Patočka * phenomenology * epistemology * ontology * Heidegger * Husserl * Fink Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Long-Term Temporal Variability of the Freshwater Discharge and Water Levels at Patos Lagoon, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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G. P. Barros

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to investigate the importance of freshwater discharge as a physical forcing in Patos Lagoon at timescales longer than one year, as well as identify the temporal variability of the dominant processes in freshwater discharge and water levels along the Patos Lagoon. Due to its proximity to the mouth, the water level at the estuary is influenced by the remote effects associated with the adjacent ocean circulation and wave climatology, reducing the observed correlation. At the lagoonar region a high correlation is expected because interannual data is being used, reducing the influence of the wind. Cross wavelet technique is applied to examine the coherence and phase between interannual time-series (South Oscillation Index, freshwater discharge and water levels. The freshwater discharge of the main tributaries and water levels in Patos Lagoon are influenced by ENSO on interannual scales (cycles between 3.8 and 6 years. Therefore, El Niño events are associated with high mean values of freshwater discharge and water levels above the mean. On the other hand, La Niña events are associated with low mean values of freshwater discharge and water levels below the mean.

Modos de construcción de la memoria en la primera novela chilena experimental antidictadura: El paso de los gansos (1975 de Fernando Alegría

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Patricia Espinosa

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se dedica a evidenciar los modos de construcción de la memoria y la crisis de representación en la novela El paso de los gansos(1975 de Fernando Alegría (1918-2005. El volumen, otorga un lugar preferencial a Cristian Montealegre fotógrafo y víctima de la represión, cuyas  fotografías operan como testimonio de su experiencia en el contexto de los dos primeros meses de la dictadura. De esta forma, una de las dos primeras novelas chilenas antidictadura expone el golpe y las crisis que este hecho desata por medio de la intensificación de la relación entre palabra e imagen.

The metabolic cost of walking on an incline in the Peacock (Pavo cristatus)

OpenAIRE

Wilkinson, Holly; Thavarajah, Nathan; Codd, Jonathan

2015-01-01

Altering speed and moving on a gradient can affect an animal’s posture and gait, which in turn can change the energetic requirements of terrestrial locomotion. Here, the energetic and kinematic effects of locomoting on an incline were investigated in the Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus. The mass-specific metabolic rate of the Indian peacock was elevated on an incline, but this change was not dependent on the angle ascended and the cost of lifting remained similar between the two inclines (+5 a...

Burnham's celestial handbook. An observer's guide to the universe beyond the solar system. Volume 3. Pavo through Vulpecula

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burnham, R. Jr.

1978-01-01

This volume of the Celestial Handbook treats the constellations alphabetically from Pavo through Vulpecula. For each it lists double and multiple stars, variable stars, and star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies with positions, magnitudes, etc. It also presents descriptive notes concerning some of the objects; these include history, mythology, and poetical allusions, as well as scientific information

Ascaridiasis in peafowl Pavo cristatus (Phasianidae) due to Ascaridia galli Schrank, 1788.

Science.gov (United States)

Teixeira, Marcel; Monteiro, Jomar Patrício; Catenacci, Lilian Silva; de Rodrigues, Maria de Lurdes Azevedo; Sato, Marilia de Carvalho Brasil

2012-09-01

Twelve white peafowl (Pavo cristatus) affected by an outbreak of an intestinal disease were referred for more detailed examination at the Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz-BA, Brazil. During the course of the disease, peachicks were severely affected, with enteric signs such as diarrhea plus dehydration, decreased feed intake and progressive weight loss. After examination, 8 of 12 samples (66.6%) presented single or mixed nematode infection and Ascarid eggs were the most frequent finding on fecal examination. Adult peafowl did not present clinical signs even when positive after fecal exam. Morphological analysis, clinical signs, fecal and gross examinations resulted in a diagnosis of ascaridiasis caused by Ascaridia galli Schrank (1788).

Průniky absolutna. Vztah konečna a nekonečna v Patočkově filosofii

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Ritter, Martin

2017-01-01

Roč. 65, č. 6 (2017), s. 911-923 ISSN 0015-1831 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : absolute * being * finiteness * love * the infinite * Jan Patočka * movement * reflection * appearing Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology

Vision in the peafowl (Aves: Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Hart, Nathan S

2002-12-01

The visual sense of the Indian blue-shouldered peafowl Pavo cristatus was investigated with respect to the spectral absorption characteristics of the retinal photoreceptors, the spectral transmittance of the ocular media and the topographic distribution of cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer. Microspectrophotometry revealed a single class of rod, four spectrally distinct types of single cone and a single class of double cone. In the case of the single cone types, which contained visual pigments with wavelengths of maximum absorbance (lambda(max)) at 424, 458, 505 and 567 nm, spectral filtering by the ocular media and the different cone oil droplets with which each visual pigment is associated gives predicted peak spectral sensitivities of 432, 477, 537 and 605 nm, respectively. Topographic analysis of retinal ganglion cell distribution revealed a large central area of increased cell density (at peak, 35,609 cells mm(-2)) with a poorly defined visual streak extending nasally. The peafowl has a calculated maximum spatial resolution (visual acuity) in the lateral visual field of 20.6 cycles degrees(-1). These properties of the peafowl eye are discussed with respect to its visual ecology and are compared with those of other closely related species.

Identification of shed or plucked origin of Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) tail feathers: preliminary findings.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahajpal, Vivek; Goyal, S P

2008-06-01

Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) tail covert feathers were studied to investigate the difference between shed and plucked feathers in the context of wildlife offence cases involving the killing of the Indian national bird for the purpose of plucking feathers. Plucked feathers were distinguished from shed feathers by examining their roots under low magnification of a stereoscopic microscope. A chemical test to show the presence of blood on the roots of plucked feathers was used to corroborate the plucked origin of feathers.

Koncept hlubší korelace životní v raných rukopisech Jana Patočky

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Novotný, Karel

2017-01-01

Roč. 65, č. 6 (2017), s. 833-853 ISSN 0015-1831 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA15-10832S Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Jan Patočka * phenomenology * world * life * nature * interiority Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology

A resource management scenario for traditional and scientific management of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) in the Patos Lagoon estuary (RS), Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Moura, Gustavo Goulart Moreira; Kalikoski, Daniela Coswig; Diegues, Antonio Carlos Sant'Ana

2013-01-11

This article aims to discuss the incorporation of traditional time in the construction of a management scenario for pink shrimp in the Patos Lagoon estuary (RS), Brazil. To meet this objective, two procedures have been adopted; one at a conceptual level and another at a methodological level. At the conceptual level, the concept of traditional time as a form of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) was adopted. At the methodological level, we conduct a wide literature review of the scientific knowledge (SK) that guides recommendations for pink shrimp management by restricting the fishing season in the Patos Lagoon estuary; in addition, we review the ethno-scientific literature which describes traditional calendars as a management base for artisanal fishers in the Patos Lagoon estuary. Results demonstrate that TEK and SK describe similar estuarine biological processes, but are incommensurable at a resource management level. On the other hand, the construction of a "management scenario" for pink shrimp is possible through the development of "criteria for hierarchies of validity" which arise from a productive dialog between SK and TEK. The commensurable and the incommensurable levels reveal different basis of time-space perceptions between traditional ecological knowledge and scientific knowledge. Despite incommensurability at the management level, it is possible to establish guidelines for the construction of "management scenarios" and to support a co-management process.

The reproduction of Blennius pavo (Teleostei, Blenniidae). I. Ovarial cycle, environmental factors and feeding

Science.gov (United States)

Patzner, Robert A.

1983-03-01

Blennius (Salaria) pavo is a very common coastal fish in the Mediterranean Sea. The development of the ovary was studied over a period of one year; seven stages of oogenesis are described. Ripe eggs are carried during the spawning season from Juni to August. The ovary shows a resting period of more than half a year (September to March). Environmental factors of the study area such as surface water temperature and daylength are described as well as the condition factors of male and female fish. Observations on food and behaviour during the winter months are also included.

Clinical perspectives of intravenous ketamine anaesthesia in peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Athar, M; Shakoor, A; Muhammad, G; Sarwar, M N; Chaudhry, N I

1996-01-01

A total of 29 peafowl (Pavo cristatus), rectified surgically for infraorbital abscesses (n = 22), lacerated wounds (n = 4), and fractures of tibia (n = 2) and radius (n = 1), were anaesthetized by the intravenous administration of ketamine hydrochloride (Inj. Calypsol, Gedeon Richter, Hungary) in a dose of 15 20 mg/kg body weight. Divided doses (10 mg + 5 mg + 5 mg) were used with an interval of 1-2 min. No premedication was undertaken in any of the birds. Anaesthesia lasted for about 15 min and the birds gained their feet completely after 30 min to 3 hours. The respiration rate was markedly depressed (8-10/min) and the respiratory pattern was deep abdominal. Only a slight increase was observed in the heart rate. Analgesia was incomplete and muscle relaxation was not satisfactory. Mild salivation was also noticed in some of the birds (n = 3). Recovery, although not smooth, was uneventful.

Perfil dos consumidores de plantas medicinais e condimentares do município de Pato Branco (PR The profile of consumers medicinal plants and spices of Pato Branco city, Paraná State, Brazil

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José Abramo Marchese

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Diagnosticou-se o perfil dos consumidores de supermercados em Pato Branco (PR, com relação às suas preferências pelas plantas medicinais e condimentares, como subsídio à produção por pequenos produtores rurais. Os consumidores preferem produtos orgânicos, observam a aparência e o preço do produto, e vão ao mercado uma vez por semana, preferencialmente aos sábados. As dez plantas medicinais preferidas, em ordem decrescente, são camomila, anis, boldo, carqueja, guaco, malva, poejo, espinheira-santa, menta e sálvia. As dez plantas condimentares preferidas, em ordem decrescente, são cebola, cravo, canela, orégano, alho, nóz-moscada, pimentão, cebolinha, endro e salsinha.The profile of supermarket users in Pato Branco city, Paraná State, Brazil, was obtained, related to their preference for medicinal and spice plants, as a subsidy to production by small farmers. The consumers prefer organic products observing the appearance and price of the product, and they go once a week to the market, preferably on Saturdays. The ten favorite medicinal plants are Chamomilla recutita, Pimpinella anisum, Vernonia condensata, Baccharis sp., Mikania sp., Malva sp., Cunilla sp., Maytenus sp., Mentha sp. and Salvia officinalis. The ten favorite spices are: Allium cepa, Eugenia caryophyllata, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Origanum vulgaris, Allium sativum, Myristicia fragans, Capsicum annuum, Allium schoenoprasum, Anethum graveolens and Petroselinum crispum.

Botulismo tipo C em ganso ocorrido em Minas Gerais, Brasil Type C botulism in a goose at Minas Gerais, Brazil

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Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Botulismo é uma intoxicação causada pela ingestão das toxinas produzidas pelo Clostridium botulinum, que acomete mamíferos e aves, caracterizando-se por um quadro de paralisia flácida. Neste trabalho, é descrito um caso de botulismo em ganso, ocorrido no município de Santa Luzia, região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Ao exame clínico, o animal apresentava-se com um quadro de paralisia flácida dos músculos do pescoço, das pernas e asas, além de apresentar ainda desprendimento de penas. A necropsia não revelou lesões significativas. Foi colhido o soro do animal e submetido ao teste de soroneutralização em camundongo, que identificou a toxina de C. botulinum tipo C.Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, that affects mammals and birds, characterized by a flaceid paralysis. This report describes a case of botulism in a goose in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Clinical examinations showed dropping feathers and flaccid paralysis involving the muscles of the wings, legs and neck. post-mortem examination showed no significant gross or macroscopic lesions C. botulinum type C toxin was demonstrated in the serum of the affected animal through serum neutralization test in mice.

Hematologic and plasma biochemical reference values in Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Samour, Jaime; Naldo, Jesus; Rahman, Habeeb; Sakkir, Mohammed

2010-06-01

Blood samples were collected from captive, adult, clinically normal Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) for hematologic and plasma biochemical analyses. Hematologic parameters investigated were total red blood cell count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, fibrinogen, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, total white blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, and thrombocyte count. Plasma biochemical parameters investigated were alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, aspartate aminotransferase, bile acids, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, calcium, cholesterol, creatinine, creatine kinase, gamma glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, iron, phosphorus, and uric acid, as well as plasma protein electrophoresis. Results were compared with values from studies done in houbara bustards (Chlamydotis undulata), kori bustards (Ardeotis kori), stone curlews (Burhinus oedicnemus), and taxonomically related species, including ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa), Kashmir native fowl (Kashmirfavorella), and Bangladesh native, Fayoumi, and Assil fowl (Gallus domesticus).

Numerical modeling of oil spill in the Patos Lagoon estuary; Modelagem numerica de derrames de oleo no estuario da Lagoa dos Patos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Martinho, Vivian; Monteiro, Igor Oliveira; Janeiro, Joao; Fernandes, Elisa Helena Leao [Fundacao Universidade do Rio Grande (FURG), RS (Brazil)

2008-07-01

Navigation is responsible for the input of 555.000 tons of oil per year in the marine environment. The recovery of the system can take dozens of years, affecting economical, ecological and social areas. The Patos Lagoon estuary presents wide importance and high susceptibility to accidents of oil spill. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the spread of oil spills using the MOHID model, which simulates both the hydrodynamics of the estuary and the oil dispersion considering the different processes involved. Wind and water level data from May 1 to August 18, 1999 were used to simulate a hypothetic accident of involving 2000 m3 of oil MF 380 during the passage of a cold front considering high and low river discharges. Results indicate that the oil dispersion is governed by the estuarine dynamic, which is controlled by the wind action and river discharge. Thus, during southwest wind the oil is retained within the estuary, and in situations of northeast wind the oil tends to leave the estuary and sometimes can reach the inner shallow bays. (author)

Effects of the burrowing crab Chasmagnathus granulata (Dana on meiofauna of estuarine intertidal habitats of Patos Lagoon, Southern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Cruz Rosa

2005-03-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the burrowing crab Chasmagnathus granulata on meiofauna at three intertidal habitats across a tidal exposure gradient (i.e., an emerged salt marsh, an emerged mudflat and a submerged mudflat in an estuarine embayment of Patos Lagoon, Southern Brazil. Meiofauna community was dominated by nematodes and ostracods, following by copepods and turbellarians. Densities of all studied organisms varied significantly among habitats. Highest values were observed in submerged mudflat while lower in salt marsh. Nematodes were unaffected by crab in either habitat, whereas ostracod, copepod and turbellarian densities were significantly lower in disturbed than control areas in both mudflat habitats. Any meiofaunal group was affected in salt marsh, probably due to a less intense disturbance. The results showed that the burrowing crab C. granulata could play an important role on meiofauna community structure in estuarine intertidal habitats of Patos Lagoon, because crab disturbance seemed to affect mainly surface populations, especially in mudflat. However, the meiofauna response to crab disturbance was variable among habitats depending of the intensity and the frequency of the disturbance.Este trabalho avalia os efeitos do caranguejo Chasmagnathus granulata sobre a meiofauna em três ambientes intermareais, durante um prolongado período de exposição (uma marisma emersa, um plano de lama emerso e outro submerso, numa enseada estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos. Nematódeos e ostrácodes foram os organismos dominantes, seguidos por copépodes e turbelários. As densidades dos organismos variam significativamente entre os hábitats. As maiores densidades foram registradas no plano de lama submerso e as menores na marisma. Os nematódeos não foram afetados pelo caranguejo em nenhum hábitat. As densidades dos ostrácodes, copépodes e turbelários foram significativamente menores nos sedimentos perturbados do que nas �

Mud deposit formation on the open coast of the larger Patos Lagoon-Cassino Beach system

Science.gov (United States)

Vinzon, S. B.; Winterwerp, J. C.; Nogueira, R.; de Boer, G. J.

2009-03-01

This paper proposes an explanation of the mud deposits on the inner Shelf of Cassino Beach, South Brazil, by using computational modeling. These mud deposits are mainly formed by sediments delivered from Patos Lagoon, a coastal lagoon connected to the Shelf, next to Cassino Beach. The deposits are characterized by (soft) mud layers of about 1 m thick and are found between the -5 and -20 isobaths. Two hydrodynamic models of the larger Patos Lagoon-Cassino Beach system were calibrated against water elevation measured for a 5 months period, and against currents and salinity measured for a week period. The circulation patterns and water exchange through the mouth were analyzed as a function of local and remote wind effects, and river discharges. The remote wind effect mainly governs the quantity of water exchange with the Lagoon through its effect on mean sea level as a result of Ekman dynamics, while river discharges are important for the salinity of the exchanged water masses. Local winds augment the export-import rates by set-up and set-down within the Lagoon, but their effects are much smaller than those of the remote wind. Currents patterns on the inner Shelf during water outflow revealed a recirculation zone south of the Lagoon, induced by the local geometry and bathymetry of the system. This recirculation zone coincides with observed locations of mud deposition. Water, hence suspended sediment export occurs when remote and local winds are from the N-E, which explains why fine sediment deposits are mainly found south of the Lagoon's breakwater. A sensitivity analysis with the numerical model quantified the contribution of the various mechanisms driving the transport and fate of the fine suspended sediments, i.e. the effects of remote and local wind, of the astronomical tide, of river discharge and fresh-salt water-induced density currents, and of earth rotation. It is concluded that gravitational circulation and earth rotation affects the further dispersion of

Geochemistry of the Upper Parana River floodplain. Study of the Garcas Pond and Patos Pond

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marcelo Bevilacqua Remor; Silvio Cesar Sampaio; Marcio Antonio Vilas Boas; Ralpho Rinaldo dos Reis

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal evolution of the supply of chemical elements to the Upper Parana River floodplain and identify trends in the geochemistry of its drainage basin. The primary factor that regulates the supply of chemical elements of the Upper Parana River floodplain is the flood pulse, which can be magnified by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Garcas Pond is affected by agriculture, urbanization, discharge of industrial effluents and hydroelectric power production activities. Patos Pond is affected by sugarcane burning, gold mining, agriculture and urbanization. (author)

The combined effect of Parathyroid hormone (1-34) and whole-body Vibration exercise in the treatment of OSteoporosis (PaVOS)- study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jepsen, Ditte Beck; Ryg, Jesper; Jørgensen, Niklas Rye

2018-01-01

Background: PaVOS is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) which aims to address the use of whole-body vibration exercise (WBV) in combination with parathyroid hormone 1-34 fragment teriparatide (PTH 1-34) treatment in patients with osteoporosis. PTH 1-34 is an effective but expensive anabolic...... fracture risk. Methods/design: PaVOS is a multicenter, assessor-blinded, superiority, two-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT). Postmenopausal women (n = 40, aged 50 years and older) starting taking PTH 1-34 from outpatient clinics will be randomized and assigned to a PTH 1-34 + WBV-exercise group...... (intervention group), or a PTH 1-34-alone group (control group). The intervention group will undergo WBV three sessions a week (12 min each, including 1:1 ratio of exercise: rest, 30 Hz, 1 mm amplitude) for a 12-month intervention period. Both the intervention and the control group will receive PTH 1...

Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in faeces of Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Egypt

OpenAIRE

El-Shahawy,Ismail Saad

2010-01-01

Coprological examination of 15 Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus, revealed the presence of a coccidium species of the genus Eimeria, which apparently represents a previously undescribed species. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts of Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. are ellipsoidal, with a dimension of 15 (13-16) × 12 (10-12.9) μm and with a shape index of 1.25 (1-1.3). The sporulated oocysts have no micropyle but enclose one large rectangular-shaped polar granule and an ooc...

Comparative study of chemical cold agglomeration between two Brazilian phosphate fines: Patos de Minas and Catalao-Go, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mendes, C.M.; Silveira, I.L. da; Scwabe, W.K.

1988-01-01

The viability for using the phosphoric acid as chemical binder for agglomeration of phosphate fines from Catalao, Brazil, based on the good results obtained for pelletizing phosphate fines from Patos de Minas, is studied. The granulometric and chemical characterizations by fluorescence spectrometry and X-ray diffraction were done. The results presented different physical and chemical properties, even thus the phosphoric acid could be used with advantages for chemical agglomeration of phosphate fines from Catalao. (author) [pt

Patočkův postup od subjektivismu Věčnosti a dějinnosti k filosofii asubjektivní Ideje v Negativním Platonismu

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Sladký, Pavel

-, č. 48 (2015), s. 57-82 ISSN 0862-6901 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP401/11/1747 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : metaphysics * Jan Patočka * subjectivism * philosophy of existence * ontology Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Pathologic and molecular characterization of histomoniasis in peafowl ( Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Clarke, Lorelei L; Beckstead, Robert B; Hayes, Jeffrey R; Rissi, Daniel R

2017-03-01

Histomonas meleagridis is a flagellate protozoan organism that can cause severe necrotizing typhlitis and hepatitis in gallinaceous birds. Peafowl ( Pavo spp.) have been shown to be susceptible to histomoniasis in experimental settings, but there are few reports of natural histomoniasis in this species. A retrospective study of the archived cases at 2 veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the United States yielded 5 cases of peafowl with gross and histologic findings characteristic of histomoniasis. Lesions included bilateral, transmural fibrinonecrotic typhlitis and multifocal necrotizing hepatitis with associated trophozoites morphologically consistent with H. meleagridis. There was no evidence of Heterakis gallinarum infestation in the studied cases. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver and ceca from all 5 cases and was analyzed using multiple sets of primers with subsequent sequencing and genotyping. Four samples were positive for H. meleagridis, and 1 sample was positive for both H. meleagridis and Tetratrichomonas gallinarum. These results confirm that peafowl develop clinical disease similar to that described previously in other gallinaceous birds infected by H. meleagridis. The role of T. gallinarum remains unknown and further research is necessary to elucidate its role, if any, in the pathogenesis of the observed lesions.

11-Ketotestosterone inhibits the alternative mating tactic in sneaker males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo.

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Oliveira, R F; Carneiro, L A; Gonçalves, D M; Canario, A V; Grober, M S

2001-01-01

In the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, a species with courtship sex-role reversal, smaller, younger males mimic the courtship behavior and the nuptial coloration of females in order to get access to nests during spawning and to parasitize egg fertilization from nest-holder males. Later in their life, sneakers transform both morphologically and behaviorally into nest-holder males. In the present paper we investigate the activational role of 11-ketotestosterone (KT), the most potent androgen in most teleost species, to promote the switch between tactics in sneaker males of S. pavo. Sneakers were implanted either with KT or with control (i.e. castor oil) silastic implants. A week after implantation they were subjected to a set of behavioral tests and morphometric measurements. KT treatment promoted the differentiation of secondary sex characters, such as the anal glands, and inhibited the expression of female courtship behavior. KT-treated sneakers also showed a trend toward less frequent display of female nuptial coloration. There was no effect of KT treatment on the expression of typical nest-holder male behavior. Finally, there was no effect of KT treatment on the number or soma size of arginine vasotocin neurons in the preoptic area, which are often associated with the expression of vertebrate sexual behavior. Thus, KT seems to play a key role in mating tactic switching by inhibiting the expression of female courtship behavior and by promoting the development of male displaying traits (e.g. anal glands). The lack of a KT effect on behavior typical of nest-holding males and vasotocinergic preoptic neurons suggests that a longer time frame or other endocrine/social signals are needed for the initiation of these traits in males that are switching tactics. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

Relación heterófilo/linfocito, frecuencia espontánea de eritrocitos micronucleados y prolongaciones nucleares en el ganso nevado (Chen caerulescens: Una propuesta como posible biomonitor de estrés y genotóxicos ambientales

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Martha C. Martínez Quintanilla

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Existen organismos silvestres que son altamente vulnerables ante estresores antropogénicos y naturales, estos organismos pueden ser de utilidad para evaluar la salud ambiental mediante diferentes indicadores confiables, sencillos, rápidos, económicos para determinar y si es posible reducir estos efectos negativos. En este estudio proponemos al ganso nevado (Chen caerulescens como posible biomonitor de estrés y genotóxicos ambientales mediante la relación heterófilo/linfocito (H/L, la prueba de micronúcleos (EMN, prolongaciones nucleares en eritrocitos (EPN y eritrocitos policromáticos (EPC. Durante la temporada de caza (2012-2013 en el humedal de Málaga, Durango, México, colectamos 18 organismos. Los eritrocitos fueron las células más abundantes, de núcleo y morfología elípticos, de tamaño 12.68 ± 0.89 µm. Observamos heterófilos (11.07±1.32 µm, eosinófilos (9.67±1.26 µm, basófilos (5.75 ± 0.78 µm, monocitos (10.49±1.36 µm y linfocitos (6.53±1.0 µm. No identificamos alteración en las proporciones ni en la morfología de leucocitos, sin embargo, es necesario un mayor número de organismos para establecer los parámetros sanguíneos de base normal para esta especie. La relación h/l fue de 0.41 ± 0.11 este valor es similar a lo reportado para esta y otras especies de aves consideradas como sanas. Establecimos la frecuencia basal de EMN (2.6±1.45, epn (249.2 ± 89.74 y EPC (156.5 ± 50. El ganso nevado es un organismo que se perfila como buen candidato a biomonitor ambiental debido a la frecuencia basal de su relación H/L, EMN, EPN y EPC, pero debe probarse en condiciones estandarizadas y a través de estudios en zonas con y sin contaminación.

Veias do sistema porta-hepático em gansos domésticos Veins from hepatic portal vein system in domestic geese

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Tatiana C. Santos

2009-04-01

Full Text Available A distribuição intraparenquimal das veias porta-hepáticas foi estudada em 30 gansos domésticos. Latex Neoprene corado foi injetado pela veia isquiática e os animais forma fixados por imersão e injeção intramuscular com formol a 10% e dissecados. O fígado esteve composto por um grande lobo hepático direito e por um lobo hepático esquerdo menor, os quais estiveram conectados por uma ponte de parênquima. O lobo direito do fígado teve exclusivamente vasos do sistema porta-hepático formados pela distribuição intraparenquimal da veia porta-hepática direita, enquanto que no lobo esquerdo estes originaram-se da veia porta-hepática direita e de pequenas veias porta-hepáticas esquerdas. A veia porta-hepática direita emitiu o ramo caudal direito, que emitiu um pequeno ramo caudolateral direito e um grande ramo caudomedial direito. Cranialmente esta veia emitiu os ramos craniais direito e ramos lateral direito. A porção transversa da veia porta-hepática direita cruzou para o lobo hepático esquerdo, emitindo de 1 a 6 pequenos ramos craniais e caudais para a região média do fígado. No lobo esquerdo, o ramo esquerdo da veia porta-hepática direita emitiu o ramo cranial esquerdo, o ramo lateral esquerdo e o ramo medial. De 1 a 6 veias porta-hepáticas esquerdas foram identificadas desembocando ou no ramo esquerdo da veia porta-hepática direita ou em sua porção transversa, oriundos do ventrículo gástrico e do pró-ventrículo. Em 40% dos gansos uma veia porta-hepática própria oriunda da confluência de vasos venosos da face esquerda do ventrículo distribuiu-se na extremidade caudal do lobo esquerdo isoladamente.The intraparenchymal distribution of the hepatic portal veins in 30 domestic geese were studied. Stained Neoprene latex was injected into the isquiatic vessels, and the animals were fixed in 10% formaldehyde by immersion and intramuscular injection. The liver of geese was composed of a large right and a smaller left

Long-term changes of the phytoplankton community and biomass in the subtropical shallow Patos Lagoon Estuary, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Haraguchi, Lumi; Carstensen, Jacob; Abreu, Paulo Cesar; Odebrecht, Clarisse

2015-09-01

Seasonal and interannual changes (1993-2012) of water temperature and transparency, river discharge, salinity, water quality properties, chlorophyll a (chl-a) and the carbon biomass of the main taxonomical phytoplankton groups were evaluated at a shallow station (∼2 m) in the subtropical Patos Lagoon Estuary (PLE), Brazil. Large variations in salinity (0-35), due to a complex balance between Patos Lagoon outflow and oceanic inflows, affected significantly other water quality variables and phytoplankton dynamics, masking seasonal and interannual variability. Therefore, salinity effect was filtered out by means of a Generalized Additive Model (GAM). River discharge and salinity had a significant negative relation, with river discharge being highest and salinity lowest during July to October. Diatoms comprised the dominant phytoplankton group, contributing substantially to the seasonal cycle of chl-a showing higher values in austral spring/summer (September to April) and lowest in autumn/winter (May to August). PLE is a nutrient-rich estuary and the phytoplankton seasonal cycle was largely driven by light availability, with few exceptions in winter. Most variables exhibited large interannual variability. When varying salinity effect was accounted for, chl-a concentration and diatom biomass showed less irregularity over time, and significant increasing trends emerged for dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. Long-term changes in phytoplankton and water quality were strongly related to variations in salinity, largely driven by freshwater discharge influenced by climatic variability, most pronounced for ENSO events. However, the significant increasing trend of the N:P ratio indicates that important environmental changes related to anthropogenic effects are undergoing, in addition to the hydrology in the PLE.

CHEMOTHERAPY OF GASTRO-INTESTINAL NAMATODES IN COMMON PEAFOWL (PAVO CRISTATUS

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M. Ashraf, Faisal Noman Waraich, I.G. Ahmad and K. Pervez

2002-04-01

Full Text Available The present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes in common peafowl (Pavo cristatus at Lahore Zoo and to evaluate the comparative efficacy of albendazole, levamisole HCI and oxfendazole. Fifty-two faecal samples of the birds were examined in Medicine Laboratory, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lahore, with direct smear method for the identification of nematode ova. Forty two samples out of 52 were found positive (80.77% for single or mixed infection of Capillaria spp., Ascaridia galliand Heterakis gallinae, and the individual percentages being 59.62, 38.46 and 13.46 respectively. Out of 42 infected birds 40 were chosen for medication and divided into four groups, each consisting of 10 birds (A= treated with albendazole, B=treated with levamisole, C = treated with oxfendazole and group D= untreated control. Faecal samples of experimental birds were examined for counting of eggs per gram of faeces on day '0' (pre-medication. Faecal egg counts were again carried out on day 5 and 10 post-medication and percentage reduction of EPG was calculated. Oxfendazole was found to be the most effective (98.88% among the three anthelmintics, followed by levamisole (97.3% and albendazole (95.60%.

Systemic Histomoniasis in a Leucistic Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) from Southern Brazil.

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Michelazzo, Mariana de Mello Zanim; Sasse, João Pedro; de Souza, Marielen; Marutani, Victor Hugo Brunaldi; Sampaio Baptista, Ana Angelita; Garcia, João Luis; Alfieri, Amauri Alcindo; Headley, Selwyn Arlington

2017-09-01

The pathological and molecular findings associated with Histomonas meleagridis are described in a leucistic Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) from Southern Brazil. The most significant gross findings were multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and diphtheric typhlitis. Histopathologic evaluation of the liver, ceca, kidney, spleen, and small intestine revealed systemic histomoniasis (SH) associated with intralesional and intravascular accumulations of histomonad organisms consistent with H. meleagridis. PCR was used to amplify the DNA of H. meleagridis from the liver, ceca, small intestine, spleen, lungs, and kidneys. Direct sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the isolate of the flagellated trichomonad identified from this investigation is more phylogenetically related to H. meleagridis than Tetratrichomonas gallinarum, Tritrichomonas foetus, and Dientamoeba fragilis. These results confirmed the occurrence of SH in this peafowl and add to the diagnosis of this disease in birds from Brazil. This report might represent the first complete identification of spontaneous histomoniasis in a peafowl due to pathological and molecular characteristics and one of the few documented cases of SH in non-commercial birds.

Two new species of Eimeria from peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in Saudi Arabia.

Science.gov (United States)

Amoudi, M A

1988-11-01

Fifteen fecal samples from peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in Saudi Arabia contained oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae n. sp. in two peacocks and oocysts of E. arabica n. sp. in one peacock. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria riyadhae are ellipsoidal, 27-30.5 x 20.5-25 (28.8 +/- 1.3 x 22.4 +/- 1.6) micron, with a two-layered wall and bilobed polar body, but without a micropyle or residuum. The sporocysts are ovoid, 11-14.5 x 6.5-8 (13.2 +/- 1.2 x 7.2 +/- 0.6) micron with a thick, knob-like Stieda body and a residuum. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria arabica are spheroidal, 17.5-21.5 x 17.5-21.5 (19.2 +/- 1.6 x 19.2 +/- 1.6) micron, with a two-layered wall and two refractile polar bodies, but without a micropyle or residuum. The sporocyts are elongate ovoid, 9.5-12 x 4-6.5 (11.2 +/- 0.9 x 5.5 +/- 0.88), with a small crescent-shaped Stieda body. The host bird belongs to the order Galliformis.

Fishes of the Taquari-Antas river basin (Patos Lagoon basin, southern Brazil

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FG. Becker

Full Text Available The aquatic habitats of the Taquari-Antas river basin (in the Patos Lagoon basin, southern Brazil are under marked environmental transformation because of river damming for hydropower production. In order to provide an information baseline on the fish fauna of the Taquari-Antas basin, we provide a comprehensive survey of fish species based on primary and secondary data. We found 5,299 valid records of fish species in the basin, representing 119 species and 519 sampling sites. There are 13 non-native species, six of which are native to other Neotropical river basins. About 24% of the total native species are still lacking a taxonomic description at the species level. Three native long-distance migratory species were recorded (Leporinus obtusidens, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, as well as two potential mid-distance migrators (Parapimelodus nigribarbis and Pimelodus pintado. Although there is only one officially endangered species in the basin (S. brasiliensis, restricted range species (21.7% of total species should be considered in conservation efforts.

Fishes of the Taquari-Antas river basin (Patos Lagoon basin, southern Brazil Peixes da bacia do rio Taquari-Antas (sistema da Laguna dos Patos, sul do Brasil

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FG. Becker

2013-02-01

Full Text Available The aquatic habitats of the Taquari-Antas river basin (in the Patos Lagoon basin, southern Brazil are under marked environmental transformation because of river damming for hydropower production. In order to provide an information baseline on the fish fauna of the Taquari-Antas basin, we provide a comprehensive survey of fish species based on primary and secondary data. We found 5,299 valid records of fish species in the basin, representing 119 species and 519 sampling sites. There are 13 non-native species, six of which are native to other Neotropical river basins. About 24% of the total native species are still lacking a taxonomic description at the species level. Three native long-distance migratory species were recorded (Leporinus obtusidens, Prochilodus lineatus, Salminus brasiliensis, as well as two potential mid-distance migrators (Parapimelodus nigribarbis and Pimelodus pintado. Although there is only one officially endangered species in the basin (S. brasiliensis, restricted range species (21.7% of total species should be considered in conservation efforts.Os ambientes aquáticos da Bacia do rio Taquari-Antas (Bacia da Laguna dos Patos, sul do Brasil vêm sofrendo considerável transformação, principalmente em razão da implantação de barragens para geração de energia elétrica. Com o objetivo de estabelecer um diagnóstico amplo da ictiofauna da Bacia do Taquari-Antas, realizou-se um inventário das espécies dessa bacia a partir de dados primários e secundários. Foram obtidos 5.299 registros válidos de espécies de peixe na bacia, representando 119 espécies e 519 localidades amostradas. Ocorrem, na bacia, 13 espécies não nativas, seis das quais são oriundas de outras bacias neotropicais. Cerca de 24% de todas as espécies carecem de descrição taxonômica no nível específico. Foram registradas três espécies nativas migradoras de longa distância (Leporinus obtusidens, Prochilodus lineatus e Salminus brasiliensis e

Caracterización molecular del pato criollo colombiano en cuatro departamentos Molecular characterization of the Colombian creole duck in four departments

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Darwin Hernández

Full Text Available Se evaluaron 53 individuos de patos Muscovy de los departamentos de Caldas, Risaralda, Antioquia y Valle del Cauca con tres cebadores RAMs. Se generaron 71 loci polimórficos (61.2% con 0.19 de heterocigosidad. El cebador con mayor heterocigosidad fue CGA (0.23 y CA el de mayor loci polimórfico (76.1%. La técnica RAMs permitió diferenciar los géneros Anas y Cairina a un índice de similitud de 0.83. Con un índice de similitud del 0.894, los patos Muscovy formaron cinco grupos. El mejor cebador para diferenciar especies fue CCA (Fst= 0.274. La diferenciación genética en la muestra poblacional fue moderada (Fst= 0.2045.53 individuals of Muscovy ducks from Caldas, Risaralda, Antioquia and Valle del Cauca departments with three primers RAMs were evaluated. 71 polymorphic loci (61,2% were generated with 0.19 of heterocigozity. The primer with the highest heterocigozity was CGA (0.23 and CA had the highest polymorphic loci (76.1%. The RAMs technique allowed to discriminate Anas and Cairina genus with an index of similarity of 0.83. At a 0.894 of similarity index, the Muscovy ducks formed 5 groups. The best primer to discriminate species was CCA (Fst= 0.274. The genetic differentiation was moderate (Fst= 0.2045.

The metabolic cost of walking on an incline in the Peacock (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Wilkinson, Holly; Thavarajah, Nathan; Codd, Jonathan

2015-01-01

Altering speed and moving on a gradient can affect an animal's posture and gait, which in turn can change the energetic requirements of terrestrial locomotion. Here, the energetic and kinematic effects of locomoting on an incline were investigated in the Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus. The mass-specific metabolic rate of the Indian peacock was elevated on an incline, but this change was not dependent on the angle ascended and the cost of lifting remained similar between the two inclines (+5 and +7°). Interestingly, the Indian peacock had the highest efficiency when compared to any other previously studied avian biped, despite the presence of a large train. Duty factors were higher for birds moving on an incline, but there was no difference between +5 and +7°. Our results highlight the importance of investigating kinematic responses during energetic studies, as these may enable explanation of what is driving the underlying metabolic differences when moving on inclines. Further investigations are required to elucidate the underlying mechanical processes occurring during incline movement.

Using video playbacks to study visual communication in a marine fish, Salaria pavo.

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Gonçalves; Oliveira; Körner; Poschadel; Schlupp

2000-09-01

Video playbacks have been successfully applied to the study of visual communication in several groups of animals. However, this technique is controversial as video monitors are designed with the human visual system in mind. Differences between the visual capabilities of humans and other animals will lead to perceptually different interpretations of video images. We simultaneously presented males and females of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, with a live conspecific male and an online video image of the same individual. Video images failed to elicit appropriate responses. Males were aggressive towards the live male but not towards video images of the same male. Similarly, females courted only the live male and spent more time near this stimulus. In contrast, females of the gynogenetic poecilid Poecilia formosa showed an equal preference for a live and video image of a P. mexicana male, suggesting a response to live animals as strong as to video images. We discuss differences between the species that may explain their opposite reaction to video images. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.

The metabolic cost of walking on an incline in the Peacock (Pavo cristatus

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Holly Wilkinson

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Altering speed and moving on a gradient can affect an animal’s posture and gait, which in turn can change the energetic requirements of terrestrial locomotion. Here, the energetic and kinematic effects of locomoting on an incline were investigated in the Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus. The mass-specific metabolic rate of the Indian peacock was elevated on an incline, but this change was not dependent on the angle ascended and the cost of lifting remained similar between the two inclines (+5 and +7°. Interestingly, the Indian peacock had the highest efficiency when compared to any other previously studied avian biped, despite the presence of a large train. Duty factors were higher for birds moving on an incline, but there was no difference between +5 and +7°. Our results highlight the importance of investigating kinematic responses during energetic studies, as these may enable explanation of what is driving the underlying metabolic differences when moving on inclines. Further investigations are required to elucidate the underlying mechanical processes occurring during incline movement.

Distance od jsoucna, poslání ke jsoucnu. K Patočkovu negativnímu platonismu a některým jeho interpretacím

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Frei, Jan

2017-01-01

Roč. 65, č. 6 (2017), s. 873-886 ISSN 0015-1831 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Jan Patočka * Negative Platonism * contradictory nature of the conception * Petr Rezek * Ladislav Hejdánek * Pavel Kouba Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology

Abundance of bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus (Cetacea: Delphinidae, inhabiting the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil: implications for conservation

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Pedro F Fruet

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A new mark-recapture abundance estimate and a photographic census were carried out to investigate the possible decline in the abundance of the bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821, in the Patos Lagoon estuary due to the high levels of bycatch mortality which occurred between 2002 and 2006 in oceanic coastal areas close to the estuary. Fourteen systematic boat surveys were conducted between August and early December 2005 to photo-identify the bottlenose dolphins. The estimated number of animals, with long-lasting marks, in the population obtained from Chapman's and Mth models were 51 (95% CI = 49-53 and 52 (95% CI = 51-60, respectively. Taking into account the proportion of dolphins with long-lasting marks in the population, the total estimated population size ranged between 84 (95% CI = 76-93 and 86 (95% CI = 78-95 individuals, respectively, which was very similar to the 84 individuals revealed by the population census. Our results did not differ from the abundance estimate carried out in 1998, prior to the high fishing-related mortality event, suggesting that the population is stable. Plausible argument to explain the stability of the population is that some carcasses found on the oceanic coastal beaches near Patos Lagoon estuary come from animals that do not belong to the estuary community. Future studies should investigate fine-scale habitat partition between estuarine and adjacent coastal dolphins. If the existence of different communities living in close proximity (estuarine and coastal areas near to the estuary is confirmed, a new abundance estimate is needed to access the conservation status of bottlenose dolphins in this region.

Identification key for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) infesting the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) with one new country record and new host record for Saudi Arabia

OpenAIRE

NASSER, Mohamed; AL-AHMED, Azzam; SHOBRAK, Mohammed; ALDRYHIM, Yousif

2015-01-01

The amblyceran and ischnoceran lice removed from the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus L.) collected at the Riyadh bird market, and other specimens available in the King Saud University Museum of Arthropods, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, were identified. Amyrsidea minuta Emerson, a new country record, and Goniodes dissimilis Denny were found infesting the Indian Peafowl in Saudi Arabia. Goniodes dissimilis is recorded for the first time from this bird species, along with Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzs...

Sudden death of an Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) at a zoo due to non-pigmented Serratia marcescens infection.

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Lee, Seung-Hun; Park, Sang-Joon; Kwak, Dongmi; Kim, Kyoo-Tae

2017-12-22

A 16-year-old female Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) died two days after recognition of conjunctivitis in the right eye, anorexia and depression. Gross necropsy revealed a thick pseudomembrane under the eyelid and hydropericardium. Histopathological examination revealed hepatocellular necrosis, sinusoidal and vascular congestion and infiltrated inflammatory cells. Infiltration by inflammatory cells was noted in the epicardium. The lungs had mild interstitial pneumonia with the extensive congestion within the capillaries of the air sacs. Tubular interstitial congestion and necrosis was noted in the kidneys. Bacterial culture and nucleotide sequencing of the inflammatory specimens identified the causative agent as Serratia marcescens, an uncommon bacterium in birds. In summary, this study describes the sudden death of an Indian peafowl due to S. marcescens infection, which is rarely seen in animals.

Ultrastructure of Ascaridia galli (Schrank, 1788) (Nematoda: Ascaridida) from the endangered green peafowl Pavo muticus Linnaeus (Galliformes: Phasianidae).

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Zhao, Wen-Ting; Guo, Yan-Ning; Zhang, Lu-Ping; Li, Liang

2016-01-01

Ascaridia galli (Schrank, 1788) is a common parasite of various galliform birds worldwide. Although A. galli has been extensively studied by many author, knowledge of the morphology of this species in detail is still insufficient. In the present paper, the detailed morphology of A. galli was further studied using light and scanning electron microscopy, based on specimens collected from the endangered green peafowl Pavo muticus Linnaeus (Galliformes: Phasianidae) in China. The results revealed some erroneous and previously unreported morphological features, including the lips lacking real denticles, the lateral alae beginning at some distance posterior to the base of the ventrolateral lips and the caudal papillae with 4 different morphotypes. The present morphological and morphometric data complement previous descriptions and enable us to recognize this species more precisely.

Tres patos ocasionales en la Sabana de Bogotá y la Laguna de Fúquene

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Borrero José Ignacio

1944-12-01

Full Text Available Agradezco al Dr. Armando Dugand la ayuda que se sirvió dispensarme para la presentación de este articulo. Creo de interes, para principiar, hacer una breve descripción de las condiciones de la Sabana de Bogotá y la Laguna de Fúquene, como localidades de paso o estacionamiento temporal para las especies migratorias de Anátidas.  La Sabana de Bogotá ocupa una vasta altiplanicie de unos 2000 kilómetros cuadrados a 2600 mts. de altura media, rodeada de montanas o cerros en toda su extensión y cruzada por pequeños rios. El rio Bogotá, que la atraviesa, forma en sus riberas y en casi toda su extensión grandes lagunas y pantanos apropiados para la llegada de los patos y otras aves acuáticas que anualmente vienen del Norte y otras regiones.

Hypervariable minisatellite DNA sequences in the Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus.

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Hanotte, O; Burke, T; Armour, J A; Jeffreys, A J

1991-04-01

We report here for the first time the large-scale isolation of hypervariable minisatellite DNA sequences from a non-human species, the Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus). A size-selected genomic DNA fraction, rich in hypervariable minisatellites, was cloned into Charomid 9-36. This library was screened using two multilocus hypervariable probes, 33.6 and 33.15 and also, in a "probe-walking" approach, with five of the peafowl minisatellites initially isolated. Forty-eight positively hybridizing clones were characterized and found to originate from 30 different loci, 18 of which were polymorphic. Five of these variable minisatellite loci were studied further. They all showed Mendelian inheritance. The heterozygosities of these loci were relatively low (range 22-78%) in comparison with those of previously cloned human loci, as expected in view of inbreeding in our semicaptive study population. No new length allele mutations were observed in families and the mean mutation rate per locus is low (less than 0.004, 95% confidence maximum). These loci were also investigated by cross-species hybridization in related taxa. The ability of the probes to detect hypervariable sequences in other species within the same avian family was found to vary, from those probes that are species-specific to those that are apparently general to the family. We also illustrate the potential usefulness of these probes for paternity analysis in a study of sexual selection, and discuss the general application of specific hypervariable probes in behavioral and evolutionary studies.

Retracted: Molecular Characterization and Biological Activity of Interferon-α in Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Hongjing; Wang, Yu; Liu, Juanjuan; Shao, Yizhi; Li, Jinglun; Chai, Hongliang; Xing, Mingwei

2017-08-07

DNA and Cell Biology (DNA&CB) is officially retracting the paper by Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu J, Shao Y, Li J, Chai H, Xing M, entitled, "Molecular Characterization and Biological activity of Interferon-α in Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus)," [Epub ahead of print]; 2017, DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3798. The Editor-in-Chief of DNA&CB, Dr. Carol Shoshkes Reiss, was alerted to a discrepancy between the findings in the article by Zhao et al., and those of others, about the absence of expression of ISG15 in chickens. Dr. Reiss requested from the authors a clarification in their observations and inquired about the failure to include relevant citations in the reference section of the paper. Based on the response from the authors, it appeared that they did not have the confidence in the data as they were not able to repeat the experiments, and were also unsure of the molecular probes that were used in the study. Therefore, the Editor has determined that the paper should be officially retracted from DNA and Cell Biology.

On the current status of Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus (Aves: Galliformes: Phasianidae: keeping the common species common

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K. Ramesh

2009-02-01

Full Text Available It is ironic that while all efforts to save the Tiger (Panthera tigris are underway, another species of national importance, the Indian Peafowl, (Pavo cristatus is still to receive adequate attention. Illegal trade for train-feathers and mass mortality due to indiscriminate application of pesticides and herbicides in crop-fields are major causes of the recent decline in peafowl numbers. Though there has been increasing concern over the declining peafowl population, it is difficult to arrive at a realistic plan unless the current population size, the rate of decline and the causes of decline are scientifically quantified. Considering the need for conservation initiatives for peafowl, one must look beyond the ‘fire-fighting approach’ towards ‘keeping the common species common’ in order to be efficient with conservation investments and instill greater public participation.

Análisis zimográfico de metaloproteasas y catepsina en hígado graso de pato criollo (Cairina moschata)

OpenAIRE

Wilkesman, Jeff; Padrón, María Fernanda; Kurz, Liliana; Awde, Sahar; Rémignon, Hervé

2017-01-01

La esteatosis hepática se define como una acumulación de triglicéridos en las células hepáticas, posterior a una dieta forzada rica en carbohidratos, y es una condición no patológica en palmípedos. El hígado esteatósico presenta una actividad metabólica mayor. La actividad proteásica en células de hígado de pato con esteatosis fue caracterizada por electroforesis. Tres tipos de homogeneizado (crudo, tratado para metaloproteasa y tratado para catepsina) fueron preparados a partir de ejem...

Females' sampling strategy to comparatively evaluate prospective mates in the peacock blenny Salaria pavo

Science.gov (United States)

Locatello, Lisa; Rasotto, Maria B.

2017-08-01

Emerging evidence suggests the occurrence of comparative decision-making processes in mate choice, questioning the traditional idea of female choice based on rules of absolute preference. In such a scenario, females are expected to use a typical best-of- n sampling strategy, being able to recall previous sampled males based on memory of their quality and location. Accordingly, the quality of preferred mate is expected to be unrelated to both the number and the sequence of female visits. We found support for these predictions in the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, a fish where females have the opportunity to evaluate the attractiveness of many males in a short time period and in a restricted spatial range. Indeed, even considering the variability in preference among females, most of them returned to previous sampled males for further evaluations; thus, the preferred male did not represent the last one in the sequence of visited males. Moreover, there was no relationship between the attractiveness of the preferred male and the number of further visits assigned to the other males. Our results suggest the occurrence of a best-of- n mate sampling strategy in the peacock blenny.

Metazoan parasites of Geophagus brasiliensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae in Patos lagoon, extreme south of Brazil

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Gabriela Lopes Rassier

Full Text Available Abstract This study has evaluated the parasitic fauna of 79 pearl cichlids (Geophagus brasiliensis from the estuary of Patos Lagoon (31° 57' S and 52° 06' W, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the months of May and June in 2011 and 2012. All the hosts analyzed were infected with at least one species of parasite. A total of eleven metazoa were identified in 459 specimens collected. The trematode Austrodiplostomum compactum (34.2% and ergasilids Ergasilus lizae (32.9% and Gauchergasilus lizae (32.9% were the most prevalent species. The trematodes Thometrema overstreeti and Posthodiplostomum sp. had significantly higher prevalence in fish longer than 20 cm. The sex of the host had no effect on parasite prevalence and abundance. Pearl cichlids are registered as a new host for the trematodes Lobatostoma sp., Homalometron pseudopallidum and Thometrema overstreeti, for the ergasilids Ergasilus lizae and Gauchergasilus euripedesi and for the argulid Argulus spinolosus. The crustacean E. lizae is recorded in Rio Grande do Sul for the first time.

Endocrine control of sexual behavior in sneaker males of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo: effects of castration, aromatase inhibition, testosterone and estradiol.

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Gonçalves, David; Alpedrinha, João; Teles, Magda; Oliveira, Rui F

2007-04-01

The effects of castration and sex steroid manipulations on the expression of sexual behavior were investigated in a small fish, the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo. In this species, large males defend nests and attract females while small "sneaker" males reproduce by imitating the female morphology and courtship behavior in order to approach nests during spawning events and parasitically fertilize eggs. Sneakers switch into nest holders in their second breeding season, thus displaying both male and female-like sexual behavior during their lifetime. We tested the effects of castration and of an aromatase inhibitor (Fadrozole, F), testosterone (T) or 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) implants on the expression of male and female-like behavior in sneakers. Sneakers were either sham-operated, castrated or castrated and implanted with vehicle, F, T+F or E(2)+F. Seven days after the treatment, sneakers were placed in a tank with a nesting male, two ripe females and an available nest. Castrated fish had lower levels of circulating T and increased the time spent displaying female typical nuptial coloration. T implants had the opposite effect, inhibiting the expression of female-like behavior and coloration. E(2) implants had no significant effect on the display of sexual behavior but the frequency of aggressive displays decreased. The results agree with previous findings in sneakers of S. pavo that demonstrated an inhibition of female-like behavior by 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT). The reported increase in T and 11-KT production when sneakers change into nest holders may thus contribute to behaviorally defeminize sneakers. Contrarily, both T and E(2) failed to promote male-like behavior, suggesting that behavioral masculization during tactic switching depends on other neuroendocrine mechanisms or that the time length of the experiment was insufficient to induce male-like behavioral changes in sneakers.

Distribuição, abundância relativa e movimentos sazonais de bagres marinhos (Siluriformes, Ariidae no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS, Brasil

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Francisco Gerson Araújo

1988-01-01

Full Text Available Three ariid fish, Netuma barba, Netuma planifrons and Genidens genidens, use the estuary of the Patos Lagoon (32ºS, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, as a nursery and feeding ground in various stages of their life history. A comparative study was made of the temporal and spatial distribution and relative abundance. Seasonal movements were interpreted on the basis of distribution and abundance of the young of these coexisting sea catfishe. Monthly otter trawl samples were made between November, 1979 and April, 1983. Temperature, salinities and dissolved oxygen contents were taken at each of the 674 sample stations. All three species were caught in ample temperature (12,1 to 26,3ºC, salinity (0,3 to 35,5‰ and dissolved oxygen (4,7 to 11,5 mg/l ranges. However, they were more abundant in stations of low temperature and in salinity with highly dissolved oxygen content. N. barba was the most abundant catfish caught in the estuary, it constituted 81,9% in number and 81,4% in weight of ali ariid trawl catches during the study. N. barba occurred throughout the estuary, from the adjacent coastal region to the upper reaches of the Patos Lagoon estuary near the liminetic zone. N. planifrons occurred from adjacent coastal regions to low saline parts of the Patos Lagoon estuary, whereas G. genidens were distributed mainly in low saline and freshwater parts of the lagoon. Young-of-the-year N. barba aggregated near of the entrance of the lagoon in fall and winter, then moved up to intermediary parts of the estuary in spring, and they went to the upper part of the estuary in summer. Yearlings N. barba moved into the estuary in common with young-of-the-year but did not reach the coastal adjacent area. Young-of-the-year and yearling N. planifrons moved in to the estuary as the same pattern as N. barba but they became scarce during the late summer and early fall. G. genidens were scarcely captured in the estuary throughout the year. The spatial and temporal

Análise do regime hídrico de Patos-PB por meio do Índice de Anomalia de Chuvas (IAC

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M. F. A. Alves

2015-12-01

Full Text Available A seca é um fenômeno natural que o ser humano não consegue impedir que ocorra. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo, analisar o comportamento do regime hídrico do município de Patos interior da Paraíba, no período de 1994 a 2009 utilizando o IAC. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, realizou-se um levantamento pluviométrico de 15 anos obtidos no site da Agência Executiva de Gestão das Águas da Paraíba (AESA de 1994 a 2009. Os dados foram disponibilizados em planilha eletrônica do Microsoft Excel com informações diárias, mensais e anuais e por último foi analisado o comportamento das precipitações através do Índice de Anomalia de Chuva (IAC, que é bastante simples e empregado para avaliação dos períodos secos ou úmidos. Pelo o estudo observou-se que apenas 2009 apresentou um mês (abril, como extremamente úmido e os demais anos foram classificados como muito úmidos, úmidos e secos. O ano mais seco foi 1998 que apresentou anomalias negativas de fevereiro a maio, seguido de 1999 com anomalias negativas em fevereiro e abril do período chuvoso. Dos resultados se percebe que as principais chuvas que ocorrem sob a região estudada caem sobre a terra de forma mal distribuída e irregular, e que o índice pluviométrico da região, se comparado com outras regiões áridas do planeta, o semiárido paraibano é um dos que mais chove em todo mundo, deixando claro que a falta de água que assola os nordestinos são decorrentes das características das chuvas. Percebe-se que apenas 2009 apresentou mês tido como extremamente úmido e isso não é caraterístico da região, devendo-se, sobretudo a modelos de estabilização da atmosfera por eventos meteorológicos que provocaram as chuvas fora do período chuvoso de Patos. Analysis of water regime of Patos-PB through Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAIAbstract: Drought is a natural phenomenon that humans can't prevent that from occurring. In this sense, this research aims

Abundance and distribution of Portunidae larval phases (Crustacea: Brachyura in the estuarine and coastal region of the Patos Lagoon, southern Brazil

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Rony Roberto Ramos Vieira

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: The abundance and distribution of larval phases of the Portunidae found in the estuary of the Patos Lagoon and the coastal region were studied during two years (1995 and 1999. A conical net (165 cm long, 60 cm mouth, and 330 µm mesh equipped with a flowmeter was towed for three minutes at 2 knots at six stations within the estuary and four stations in the coastal region. Samplings were carried out on the surface and near the bottom. At each sampling location, the salinity and temperature were also recorded. In 1995, the zoeae of Arenaeus cribrarius (Lamarck, 1818, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 and Achelous spinicarpus Stimpson, 1871 were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 121.98 ind.100 m-3 (90.95 ind.100 m-3 on the surface and 31.03 ind.100 m-3 near the bottom. A total of 452.27 ind.100 m-3 were caught in the megalopa phase (13.49 ind.100 m-3 on the surface and 438.78 ind.100 m-3 near the bottom. In 1999, only zoeae of C. sapidus were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 419.78 ind.100 m-3 (386.98 ind.100 m-3 on the surface and 32.8 ind.100 m-3 near the bottom. Megalopae of these three species were caught, resulting in a total abundance of 179.91 ind.100 m-3 (25.38 ind.100 m-3 on surface and 154.53 ind.100 m-3 near the bottom. Summer was the season with the highest abundance of larvae in both years. During spring and summer, spawning was observed in the estuarine region of the Patos Lagoon.

Determinación comparativa de la calidad sensorial y química de salchichas industrializadas con salchichas a base de carne de pato (Anas platyrhynchos)

OpenAIRE

Martínez Torres, Germán Saúl

2014-01-01

El presente trabajo de Investigación tiene como objetivo realizar una determinación comparativa de la calidad sensorial y química de salchichas industrializadas con salchichas a base de carne de pato. El trabajo se realizó utilizando las marcas más conocidas del mercado como: Otto Kunz, Breadt y la Segoviana, haciendo una prueba de análisis sensorial mediante la degustación de dichas salchichas mencionadas, realizado por un grupo de estudiantes de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería de Alime...

Brain and gonadal aromatase activity and steroid hormone levels in female and polymorphic males of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo.

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Gonçalves, David; Teles, Magda; Alpedrinha, João; Oliveira, Rui F

2008-11-01

In the peacock blenny Salaria pavo large males with well-developed secondary sexual characters establish nests and attract females while small "sneaker" males mimic female sexual displays in order to approach the nests of larger males and parasitically fertilize eggs. These alternative reproductive tactics are sequential, as sneakers irreversibly switch into nesting males. This transition involves major morphologic and behavioral changes and is likely to be mediated by hormones. This study focuses on the role of aromatase, an enzyme that catalyses the conversion of androgens into estrogens, in the regulation of male sexual polymorphism in S. pavo. For this, sex steroid plasma levels and aromatase activity (AA) in gonads, whole brain and brain macroareas were determined in sneakers, transitional males (i.e. sneakers undergoing the transition into nesting males), nesting males and females collected in the field. AA was much higher in ovarian tissue than in testicular tissue and accordingly circulating estradiol levels were highest in females. This supports the view that elevated AA and estradiol levels are associated with the development of a functional ovary. Transitional males are in a non-reproductive phase and had underdeveloped testes when compared with sneakers and nesting males. Testicular AA was approximately 10 times higher in transitional males when compared with sneakers and nesting males, suggesting high AA has a suppressive effect on testicular development. Nesting males had significantly higher plasma levels of both testosterone (T) and 11-ketotestosterone when compared with the other male morphs and previous studies demonstrated that these androgens suppress female-like displays in sneakers. In the brain, AA was highest in macroareas presumably containing hypothalamic nuclei traditionally associated with the regulation of reproductive behaviors. Overall, females presented the highest levels of brain AA. In male morphs AA increased from sneakers, to

Evaluation of the availability of phosphorus from decalcium phosphate and rock phosphates from Patos de Minas, Tapira and Finos de Tapira for sheep, by the isotope dilution technique

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vitti, D.M.S.S.

1989-01-01

'In vitro' and 'in vivo' assays were carried out to determine the phosphorus availability from dicalcium phosphate and rock phosphates from Patos de Minas, Tapira and Finos de Tapira. Twenty four male sheep, with 40 kg live weight, were assigned to three groups of eight animals each. The animals were housed individually in metabolism cages and received a diet containing cassava meal, urea, molasses, soybean meal and mineral mixture. Phosphate sources were added to give 4 g of phosphorus per animal per day. After two weeks on the experimental diet each sheep was injected intravenously with 200 μCi of 32 P (Na 2 HPO 4 ). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at 24 hs intervals for 8 days. The daily fecal outputs were collected for 8 days and sampled. The specific activities of plasma and feces were determined and the fecal endogenous loss and true phosphorus absorption were calculated. For 'in vitro' assay, rumen samples were collected from a fistulated steer and aliquots were incubated with 0.1 μCi 32 P (Na 2 HPO 4 ) in a medium containing the phosphorus sources. After centrifugation microorganisms were separated and phosphorus incorporation determined. The true absorption values were 58.92; 50.85; 47.99 and 42.72% for dicalcium phosphate, Finos de Tapira, Tapira and Patos, respectively. Dicalcium phosphate showed higher availability (P [pt

Natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbon inputs to sediments of Patos Lagoon Estuary, Brazil.

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Medeiros, Patricia Matheus; Bícego, Márcia Caruso; Castelao, Renato Menezes; Del Rosso, Clarissa; Fillmann, Gilberto; Zamboni, Ademilson Josemar

2005-01-01

The Patos Lagoon Estuary, southern Brazil, is an area of environmental interest not only because of tourism, but also because of the presence of the second major port of Brazil, with the related industrial and shipping activities. Thus, potential hydrocarbon pollution was examined in this study. Sediment samples were collected at 10 sites in the estuary, extracted, and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS for composition and concentration of the following organic geochemical markers: normal and isoprenoid alkanes, petroleum biomarkers, linear alkylbenzenes (LABs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The total concentrations varied from 1.1 to 129.6 microg g(-1) for aliphatic hydrocarbons, from 17.8 to 4510.6 ng g(-1) for petroleum biomarkers, from 3.2 to 1601.9 ng g(-1) for LABs, and from 37.7 to 11,779.9 ng g(-1) for PAHs. Natural hydrocarbons were mainly derived from planktonic inputs due to a usual development of blooms in the estuary. Terrestrial plant wax compounds prevailed at sites located far from Rio Grande City and subject to stronger currents. Anthropogenic hydrocarbons are related to combustion/pyrolysis processes of fossil fuel, release of unburned oil products and domestic/industrial waste outfalls. Anthropogenic hydrocarbon inputs were more apparent at sites associated with industrial discharges (petroleum distributor and refinery), shipping activities (dry docking), and sewage outfalls (sewage). The overall concentrations of anthropogenic hydrocarbons revealed moderate to high hydrocarbon pollution in the study area.

Pharmacokinetics of tramadol hydrochloride and its metabolite O-desmethyltramadol in peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

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Black, Peter A; Cox, Sherry K; Macek, Michael; Tieber, Anne; Junge, Randall E

2010-12-01

Tramadol is a centrally acting opiate analgesic that has not been well studied in avian species. Tramadol and its metabolites exert their effects at multiple sites, including opiate (mu, kappa, and delta), adrenergic (alpha-2), and serotonin (5HT) receptors. This multi-receptor mode of action is advantageous for avian patients because the mechanisms for analgesia have not been fully elucidated in all species. The objective of this study was to document the pharmacokinetics of tramadol and its active metabolite O-desmethyltramadol (M1) in common peafowl (Pavo cristatus). Based on results from a pilot animal, six adult peafowl (three male, three female) judged to be clinically healthy based on physical exam and routine bloodwork were selected for this study. Each bird was anesthetized for placement of a jugular catheter, and 7.5 mg/kg tramadol was administered orally via gavage tube. Blood samples were collected just prior to drug administration; at 30 min; and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and 34 hr. Plasma levels of tramadol and M1 were measured and the pharmacokinetics for each drug was calculated. Although tramadol was quickly metabolized, plasma levels of M1 remained at or near human analgesic levels for 12-24 hr. Based on these data, tramadol may be a practical option as an orally administered analgesic agent in avian patients. Further studies, including antinociceptive studies, are needed.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of peafowl (Pavo cristatus) Toll-like receptor 7.

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Song, H; Zhang, M; Gao, W; Wu, L; Li, G

2018-01-01

In order to clone the peafowl (Pavo cristatus) Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) gene and study its biological function, the peafowl TLR7 coding sequences (CDS) were amplified by PCR of cDNA from the whole spleen of peafowl. The full-length sequence of the peafowl TLR7 gene CDS is 3,141 bp and encodes a 1,046-amino acid protein with a classic TLR composition of 16 leucine-rich repeats (LRR). Insertions of amino acids were found at position 15 of LRR2, LRR5, LRR7, LRR9, LRR11, LRR12, LRR14, and LRR15; and position 10 of LRR11. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that the peafowl TLR7 gene was highly expressed in lymphoid tissues of the spleen, bursa, bone marrow, lung, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). HEK293T cells were transfected with a peafowl TLR7 plasmid, and functional analysis showed that peafowl TLR7 could respond to R848, leading to activation of NF-κB. Following R848 stimulation or Newcastle disease virus infection of peafowl PBMC, the levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ, CCLi2, and TGF-β4 mRNA, assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, increased significantly. Triggering peafowl TLR7 results in upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, suggesting that peafowl TLR7 plays an important role in the innate immune response. © 2017 Poultry Science Association Inc.

Myxobolus platanus n. sp. (Myxosporea, Myxobolidae, a parasite of Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae from Lagoa dos Patos, RS, Brazil Myxobolus platanus n. sp. (Myxosporea, Myxobolidae, parasita de Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae da Lagoa dos Patos, RS

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J.C. Eiras

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Myxobolus platanus n. sp. infecting the spleen of Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae from Lagoa dos Patos, Brazil is described The parasites formed round or slightly oval whitish plasmodia (about 0.05-0.1mm in diameter on the surface of the organ. The spores were round in frontal view and oval in lateral view, 10.7µm (10-11 long, 10.8µm (10-11 wide and 5µm thick, and presented four sutural marks along the sutural edge. The polar capsules, equal in size, were prominent, surpassing the mid-length of the spore, and were oval with the posterior extremity rounded, and converging with their anteriorly tapered ends. They were 7.7µm (7-8 long and 3.8µm (3.5-4 wide. A small intercapsular appendix was present. The polar filament formed five to six coils obliquely placed to the axis of the polar capsule. No mucous envelope or distinct iodinophilous vacuole were found.Descreve-se Myxobolus platanus n. sp. infectando o baço de Mugil platanus Günther, 1880 (Osteichthyes, Mugilidae da Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil. Os parasitas formavam plasmódios brancos redondos ou ligeiramente ovais (diâmetro de cerca de 0,05-0,1mm à superfície do órgão. Os esporos eram circulares em observação frontal e ovais em obervação lateral, medindo, em média, 10,7µm (10-11 de comprimento, 10,8µm (10-11 de largura e 5µm de espessura, e tinham quatro marcas suturais ao longo da linha de sutura. As cápsulas polares eram grandes e do mesmo tamanho ultrapassando a zona média do esporo. Eram de forma oval, tendo a extremidade posterior arredondada, e convergiam pelas extremidades anteriores afiladas, medindo 7,7µm (7-8 de comprimento por 3,8µm (3,5-4 de largura. Um pequeno apêndice intercapsular estava presente. O filamento polar formava cinco a seis dobras colocadas obliquamente em relação ao eixo da cápsula. Não havia envelope mucígeno nem vacúolo iodofílico.

Soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em bovinos e funcionários de matadouros da microrregião de Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle and slaughterhouse workers in the region of Pato Branco, Paraná, Brazil

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Heitor Daguer

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Visando avaliar a participação da carne bovina na epidemiologia da toxoplasmose, foram coletadas amostras de soro de 348 bovinos e de 64 funcionários em quatro matadouros da microrregião de Pato Branco, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Os soros dos bovinos foram avaliados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI e apresentaram soropositividade (IgG em 41,4% das amostras examinadas. O título mais freqüentemente encontrado foi o de 64 (92,4%. Nenhum animal apresentou título superior a 1024. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em relação ao sexo, idade e procedência dos animais. Os soros humanos, avaliados pelos testes de RIFI e de ELISA (imunoensaio enzimático para IgG, apresentaram 67,2% e 84,4% de positividade, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas com relação às variáveis idade, sexo, tempo de serviço no abatedouro, contato com gatos e hábito de ingerir carne crua ou mal cozida. Os resultados sugerem que a carne bovina pode desempenhar importante papel na manutenção da toxoplasmose na região.In order to determine the role of bovine meat in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, 348 serum samples were collected from cattle and 64 serum samples from slaughterhouse workers at four plants in the region of Pato Branco, Paraná state, southern Brazil. Cattle sera were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, showing an IgG-seropositivity of 41.4%. The most frequently titer found was 64 (92.4%. Maximum titer found was 1024. There was no significant difference concerning sex, age and origin of positive sera. Human sera were tested by the IFAT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, showing 67.2% and 84.4% of IgG-seropositivity, respectively. No significant difference was observed between prevalences and age, sex, duration of employment at slaughterhouse, contact with cats and eating raw or undercooked meat. Results suggest that bovine meat may be a possible source of

Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in faeces of Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Egypt.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Shahawy, Ismail Saad

2010-12-01

Coprological examination of 15 Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus, revealed the presence of a coccidium species of the genus Eimeria, which apparently represents a previously undescribed species. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts of Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. are ellipsoidal, with a dimension of 15 (13-16) × 12 (10-12.9) microm and with a shape index of 1.25 (1-1.3). The sporulated oocysts have no micropyle but enclose one large rectangular-shaped polar granule and an oocyst residuum. The oocysts have a distinct two-layered wall, which is ~approximately1.7 microm thick. The outer layer has a smooth texture; it fills ~¾ of the total thickness and appears bicolored. The sporocysts are boat-shaped, of about 10 (9-11) × 4 (4-4.7) microm; their average shape-index is 2.5 microm with a small pointed Stieda body and a smooth, thin single-layered wall. No substieda body is detected. The sporocysts contain numerous, nearly uniform granular residua. The sporozoites are banana-shaped, 6 × 3 microm and each has two different-sized refractile bodies.

Ictiofauna capturada por pescadores artesanais na Lagoa Pequena – Região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos – RS

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Clarissa Alves

2009-06-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2009v22n3p229 Através de avaliações mensais foram identificadas as principais espécies de peixes capturadas por pescadores artesanais que atuam na Lagoa Pequena, localizada na região estuarina da Lagoa dos Patos – RS. Os dados de biomassa, freqüência absoluta e relativa de cada espécie foram submetidas à análise de correlação com a estação do ano e variáveis ambientais. Embora a salinidade tenha se mantido acima de 3,5, houve predominância da captura de 85,5% de espécies características de água doce e 15,5% de espécies estuarinas. O valor econômico das espécies, as artes de pesca e estação do ano são determinantes na produção pesqueira local.

Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae in faeces of Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Galliformes: Phasianidae from Egypt

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Ismail Saad El-Shahawy

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Coprological examination of 15 Indian peacocks, Pavo cristatus, revealed the presence of a coccidium species of the genus Eimeria, which apparently represents a previously undescribed species. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts of Eimeria pavoaegyptica sp. nov. are ellipsoidal, with a dimension of 15 (13-16 × 12 (10-12.9 μm and with a shape index of 1.25 (1-1.3. The sporulated oocysts have no micropyle but enclose one large rectangular-shaped polar granule and an oocyst residuum. The oocysts have a distinct two-layered wall, which is ~1.7 μm thick. The outer layer has a smooth texture; it fills ~¾ of the total thickness and appears bicolored. The sporocysts are boat-shaped, of about 10 (9-11 × 4 (4-4.7 μm; their average shape-index is 2.5 μm with a small pointed Stieda body and a smooth, thin single-layered wall. No substieda body is detected. The sporocysts contain numerous, nearly uniform granular residua. The sporozoites are banana-shaped, 6 × 3 μm and each has two different-sized refractile bodies.

Pathological and parasitological aspects of the peacock (Pavo cristatus infection by Tanaisia(Paratanaisiabragai

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Rafael C. Costa

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract:Trematodes belonging to the family Eucotylidae, including Tanaisia(ParatanaisiabragaiSantos, 1934are parasites of the kidney and ureter that affect several species of domestic and wild birds. Tanaisia bragaiis considered a low pathogenic parasite, but high worm burdens may determine clinical complications, including signs of apathy, weight loss, diarrhea and death. This paper describes the first report of infection by T. bragai in peacocks (Pavo cristatus, which constitutes a new host record and offers data on the lesions associated to this parasitism, although the degree of pathogenicity and parasite load may be considered mild. These birds did not exhibit clinical signs of parasitism. The macroscopic exam revealed discreet yellow spots on the liver. In the histological sections of the kidney, specimens of T. bragai were found in the collecting ducts, which were markedly dilated, with a thickened wall. Other findings included a mild inflammatory reaction in the wall of the ducts (but sometimes absent, flattening of lining epithelial cells and small, multifocal points of calcification around the collecting ducts. The microscopic examination of the parasites revealed trematodes with an elongated body, well-developed sub terminal oral sucker, pharynx present, short esophagus, cecum somewhat undulating or not, with blind end, testes symmetrical, equatorial, irregular in shape or slightly lobed, vitelline fields extending in both pre-ovarian and post ovarian fields, uterus very long, intercecal or sometimes overlapping the cecum and containing large quantities of eggs. The present findings suggest the need for further diagnostic studies on the prevalence of this trematode in peacocks as well as pathologic studies for the determination of the potential pathogenicity of this parasite in this species of bird. Moreover, infected peacocks could serve as carriers of T. bragai to be transferred to other bird species, thereby contributing to the

Complete genome sequence of a velogenic neurotropic avian paramyxovirus 1 isolated from peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in a wildlife park in Pakistan.

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Munir, Muhammad; Shabbir, Muhammad Z; Yaqub, Tahir; Shabbir, Muhammad A B; Mukhtar, Nadia; Khan, Muhammad R; Berg, Mikael

2012-12-01

Avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1) was isolated from an acute and highly contagious outbreak in peacocks (Pavo cristatus) in a wildlife park in Pakistan. A velogenic neurotropic form of APMV-1 caused a 100% case fatality rate and killed 190 peacocks within a week. Biological and serological characterizations showed features of a velogenic strain of APMV-1, and these results were further confirmed by sequence analysis of the cleavage site in the fusion protein. The complete genome of one of the isolates was sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was conducted. The analysis showed that this isolate belonged to genotype VII, specifically, to subgenotype VIIa, and clustered closely with isolates characterized from Indonesia in the 1990s. Interestingly, the isolate showed significant differences from previously characterized APMV-1 isolates from commercial and rural chickens in Pakistan. The work presented here is the first complete genome sequence of any APMV-1 isolate from wild birds in the region and therefore highlights the need for increased awareness and surveillance in such bird species.

Interferometric diameters of five evolved intermediate-mass planet-hosting stars measured with PAVO at the CHARA Array

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White, T. R.; Huber, D.; Mann, A. W.; Casagrande, L.; Grunblatt, S. K.; Justesen, A. B.; Silva Aguirre, V.; Bedding, T. R.; Ireland, M. J.; Schaefer, G. H.; Tuthill, P. G.

2018-04-01

Debate over the planet occurrence rates around intermediate-mass stars has hinged on the accurate determination of masses of evolved stars, and has been exacerbated by a paucity of reliable, directly-measured fundamental properties for these stars. We present long-baseline optical interferometry of five evolved intermediate-mass (˜ 1.5 M⊙) planet-hosting stars using the PAVO beam combiner at the CHARA Array, which we combine with bolometric flux measurements and parallaxes to determine their radii and effective temperatures. We measured the radii and effective temperatures of 6 Lyncis (5.12±0.16 R⊙, 4949±58 K), 24 Sextantis (5.49±0.18 R⊙, 4908±65 K), κ Coronae Borealis (4.77±0.07 R⊙, 4870±47 K), HR 6817 (4.45±0.08 R⊙, 5013±59 K), and HR 8641 (4.91±0.12 R⊙, 4950±68 K). We find disagreements of typically 15 % in angular diameter and ˜ 200 K in temperature compared to interferometric measurements in the literature, yet good agreement with spectroscopic and photometric temperatures, concluding that the previous interferometric measurements may have been affected by systematic errors exceeding their formal uncertainties. Modelling based on BaSTI isochrones using various sets of asteroseismic, spectroscopic, and interferometric constraints tends to favour slightly (˜ 15 %) lower masses than generally reported in the literature.

Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae e Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales dos rios Ivaí, São João e dos Patos, bacia hidrográfica do rio Ivaí, município de Prudentópolis, PR, Brasil Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales of the Ivaí, São João and Patos rivers in the Ivaí basin, Prudentópolis, Paraná State, Brazil

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Fernanda Ferrari

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se o levantamento florístico das Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae e Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales dos rios Ivaí, São João e dos Patos, pertencentes à bacia hidrográfica do rio Ivaí, município de Prudentópolis, Paraná. Quarenta e uma amostras foram coletadas em março, junho e julho/2002 e janeiro/2003, e analisadas. As coletas fitoplanctônicas foram feitas através de arrasto superficial com rede de plâncton (25 µm e as perifíticas através da coleta de porções submersas de macrófitas aquáticas, rochas, cascalho, sedimento ou substrato arenoso. Foram identificados, nove táxons pertencentes à classe Coscinodiscophyceae, oito à classe Fragilariophyceae e quinze à ordem Achnanthales (Bacillariophyceae. Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow Fryxell & Hasle, Achnanthidium sp., Planothidium biporomum (Hohn & Hellerman Lange-Bertalot e Cocconeis placentula var. pseudolineata Geitler consistiram em novas citações para o estado do Paraná.A floristic study of Coscinodiscophyceae, Fragilariophyceae and Bacillariophyceae (Achnanthales in the Ivaí, São João and Patos rivers from the upper Ivaí river basin, located at Prudentópolis, Paraná State, Brazil is presented. Forty-one samples were collected in March, June and July/2002 and January/2003, and analysed. Phytoplankton samples were collected with a plankton net (25 µm mesh; periphyton was collected by removing the attached material from submerged portions of aquatic macrophytes, rocks, sediment or the sandy substratum. Nine species of the class Coscinodiscophyceae, eight of the class Fragilariophyceae and fourteen of the order Achnanthales were identified. Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grunow Fryxell & Hasle, Achnanthidium sp., Planothidium biporomum (Hohn & Hellerman Lange-Bertalot and Cocconeis placentula var. pseudolineata Geitler were new diatom records for Paraná State.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND DELIMITATION OF THE PRESERVATION AREA STANDING IN ESPINHARAS RIVER IN THE URBAN STRETCH OF THE CITY OF PATOS-PB

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João Batista Alves

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This paper aimed to present and evaluate the proposal of the delimitation of the permanent preservation area (APP of the urban stretch of Espinharas River in the city of Patos-PB, carried out by the Superintendence and Management of the Environment - SUDEMA - Paraíba and to diagnose the main environmental impacts The demarcation was made from georeferenced points collected on the river, and the identification of the main environmental impacts. It identified a wide variation in the river rail between 10 and 50 meters, due to impacts and changes occurring in the anthropic process. The delimitation of PPA was 50 meters from the widest rail. The main impacts observed were: removal of riparian vegetation; pollution by the dumping of sewage and solid waste, siltation, invading of the banks with buildings and agricultural uses. It infers even though the lack of oversight occurs, failure of public authorities and of the local population in the search for solutions to the problems identified.

Isolation and identification of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 in peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

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Ismail, Mahmoud Moussa; Khan, Owais Ahmed; Cattoli, Giovanni; Lu, Huaguang

2010-03-01

An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus subtype H5N1 was first diagnosed in a "backyard" flock of peafowl (Pavo cristatus) raised on palace premises in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in December 3, 2007. The flock consisted of 40 peafowl, and their ages ranged from 3 to 5 years old. Affected birds suffered from depression, anorexia, and white diarrhea. Four dead birds were submitted for HPAI diagnosis at the Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory in Riyadh. Brain and liver tissues and tracheal and cloacal swabs were taken from the dead birds and processed for a real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR test and virus isolation in specific-pathogen-free embryonating chicken eggs. The H5N1 subtype of avian influenza virus was isolated from the four dead birds and identified by a real-time RT-PCR before and after egg inoculation. The virus isolates were characterized as HPAI H5N1 virus by sequencing analysis. Phylogenetic comparisons revealed that the H5N1 viruses isolated from peafowl belong to the genetic clade 2.2 according to the World Health Organization nomenclature. The peafowl H5N1 virus falls into 2.2.2 sublineage II and clusters with the H5N1 viruses isolated from poultry in Saudi Arabia in 2007-08.

Calibração de modelo para a simulação de vazão e de fósforo total nas sub-bacias dos Rios Conrado e Pinheiro - Pato Branco (PR Model calibration for flow rate and total phosphorous export simulations in the watersheds of the rivers conrado and Pinheiro, Pato Branco (PR

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Valmir Baltokoski

2010-02-01

Full Text Available O desenvolvimento de modelos hidrológicos capazes de predizer o impacto de fontes difusas de poluição e do uso e ocupação do solo na qualidade das águas superficiais e subterrâneas tem auxiliado o estudo de agroecossistemas. Com esse objetivo, foi utilizado o modelo SWAT 2005 (Soil and Water Assessment Tool para avaliar sua sensibilidade na predição da vazão e do fluxo de massa do P total. O estudo foi realizado em duas microbacias hidrográficas contíguas, dos rios Conrado e Pinheiro, afluentes do rio Pato Branco, localizadas nos municípios de Pato Branco e Mariópolis, no Estado do Paraná. Foram utilizados dados climatológicos do período 1979/2006 e dados observados de vazão e concentração de P total dos anos 2004/2005 de duas estações de monitoramento, localizadas na parte inferior do curso principal dos rios Conrado e Pinheiro. Utilizou-se a interface AvSWAT-X, com o SIG ArcView 3.3® e a extensão Spatial Analyst 2.0®, para entrada e manipulação dos dados. As médias anuais e mensais observadas de vazão e P total foram comparadas aos dados simulados. O Coeficiente de Eficiência de Nash-Sutcliffe (COE foi utilizado para avaliar a eficiência do modelo. A modelagem foi melhorada com a associação de análise de sensibilidade, autocalibração e calibração manual, verificando-se que, com frequência de amostragem regular, o modelo SWAT 2005 realizou de forma aceitável as simulações de vazão e de exportação de P total. Já com frequência de amostragem irregular e pequeno número de dados, os procedimentos de análise de sensibilidade e de autocalibração não foram eficientes na calibração do modelo SWAT 2005 para a simulação de vazão e exportação de P total. Foram encontrados diferentes níveis de sensibilidade entre as duas estações, refletindo as desigualdades entre as Unidades de Resposta Hidrológica. A distribuição mensal simulada das exportações de P mostrou a heterogeneidade da aplica

The complex systematics of zircons in migmatitic gneisses: An example from an Archean migmatite along the Patos Shear Zone, Borborema Province, NE Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, A.C.D; Hackspacher, P.C; Dantas, E.L; Fetter, A.H.

2001-01-01

The Northem Tectonic Domain Borborema Province, in Northeast of Brazil records a complex history of tectonic activity ranging from 3.4 Ga to 0.6 Ga (Brito Neves, 1995 and Dantas, 1996). U-Pb systematics of zircons from a migmatitic gneiss just north of the Patos Shear Zone provide an excellent example of the difficulties encountered using conventional single-grain U/Pb zircon geochronology in polydeformed gneiss terranes. Our conventional single grain zircon analyses of a migmatite yielded Archean ages between ca. 3.3 at 2.8 a, as well as some highly discordant Paleoproterozoic ages. Subsequent cathodoluminescence images of these zircon grains showed complex internal structures that possibly record up to 4 separate stages of zircon growth. With such internal complexity, is impossible resolve primary crystallization ages as well as the ages of subsequent overgrowth events using conventional single grain analyses. Such resolution will require analyses of the individual grain domains using the SHRIMP method (au)

Effects of dredging operations on soft bottom macrofauna in a harbor in the Patos Lagoon estuarine region of southern Brazil

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C. E. Bemvenuti

Full Text Available An evaluation was made of the effects of dredging on the soft bottom community in the channel of the Rio Grande harbor in the Patos Lagoon estuarine region of southern Brazil. During four seasonal cruises, samples were collected from nine biological stations, one of which was located outside the dredged area. Three macrobenthic samples were collected on each cruise from each station, using a 0.08 m² van Veen grab. A cluster analysis was applied to group summer and autumn cruise stations before the dredging period, revealing larger numbers of species (35-36 spp. and higher densities of organisms. The station located outside the dredging area was always included in this group, regardless of the sampling period or conditions of salinity. Another group comprised the winter and spring stations during the dredging period. This group was characterized by stations with the fewest species (20-18 spp. and the lowest and most variable organism densities. The efficient strategies of resilience of the dominant estuarine species may minimize the effects of dredging on the biota through the rapid recolonization of the soft bottom of the harbor channel.

Seasonal fluctuation of some limnological variables on a floodplain lake (Patos lagoon of the Upper Paraná River, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

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Rodrigues Luzia Cleide

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Temporal variations of some limnological variables in limnetic and littoral regions of Patos lagoon, a "várzea" lake on the floodplain of the Upper Paraná River (22(0 43'12"S e 53(0 17'37"W, were studied in relation to hydrological and climatological factors. Measurements of water temperature, euphotic zone, suspended material, electrical conductivity, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, reactive soluble phosphorus and chlorophyll a were taken monthly between March 1993 and February 1994. Results lend evidence to the importance of the hydrological regime on the dynamic of limnological variables in floodplain lakes. A dilution of nutrients in the lagoon, especially phosphates, occurred during floods. This was followed by fertilization of the environment by nutrients from the inundated marginal regions. During low connectivity periods, autochthonous, events such as ressuspension of sediment, brought on by wind and rain, governed limnological events in the lagoon.

Epidemiologia da raiva: caracterização de vírus isolados de animais domésticos e silvestres do semi-árido paraibano da Região de Patos, Nordeste do Brasil

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Albério Antonio de Barros Gomes

2004-01-01

No semi-árido paraibano há poucos relatos de ocorrência da raiva, há quem afirme que os caprinos, ovinos e asininos são resistentes à doença e a prática de vacinação é incomum. Este trabalho visou estudar a situação da raiva na região semi-árida de Patos-PB, estabelecendo o diagnóstico desta enfermidade em diferentes espécies de animais domésticos e silvestres. Foram capturados 12 exemplares de raposas (Dusicyon vetulus), por meio de armadilha; 192 morcegos insetívoros (Molossus molossus), ca...

Variação do número de estômatos e micropêlos em Paspalum vaginatum Sw: em relação às condições abióticas numa marisma do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS-Brasil Variation in the number of stomata and microhairs of Paspalum vaginatum Sw: en relation to abiotic conditions in a breakwater in the Lagoa dos Patos estuary, RS-Brazil

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Eleci de Oliveria Bastos

1992-12-01

Full Text Available Paspalum vaginatum Sw., gramínea perene, estolonífera, com folhas anfistomáticas e pequenas é característica de pântanos salgados, crescendo em condições estressantes na marisma da lagoa dos Patos, molhe oeste da Barra do Rio Grande, RS. Foram feitas contagens mensais de estômatos e micropêlos nas superfícies adaxial e abaxial das lâminas e relacionadas às características abióticas do ambiente. O número de micropêlos da superfície foliar abaxial variou significativamente e diretamente com a temperatura da água intersticial junto às rizosferas. Estes, porém, não mantiveram correlação com a salinidade intersticial. Os resultados sugerem que a espécie seja uma halófita facultativa. O número de estômatos da superfície abaxial manteve um relacionamento inverso com a pluviosidade. Paspalum vaginatum, apresenta-se como uma espécie com características xeromórficas.Paspalum vaginatum Sw., a perennial, stoloniferous grass with small leaves presenting stomata on both epidermises is characteristic of salt marshes, growing under stressful conditions near the west breakwater of the Rio Grande outlet, Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Monthly counts of stomata and microhairs on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces were related to the abiotic characteristics of the enviroment. The number of microhairs of the abaxial leaf surface varied significantly and directly with interstitial water temperature close to the rhyzosphere. However, these counts did not correlate with the interstitial salinity. The results suggest that the species is a facultative halophyte. Stomata counts of the abaxial surface showed an inverse relation to precipitation. Paspalum vaginatum appears to be a species with xeromorphic characteristics.

Molecular characterization, isolation, pathology and pathotyping of peafowl (Pavo cristatus) origin Newcastle disease virus isolates recovered from disease outbreaks in three states of India.

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Desingu, Perumal Arumugam; Singh, Shambhu Dayal; Dhama, Kuldeep; Vinodhkumar, Obli Rajendran; Barathidasan, Rajamani; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Singh, Rajendra; Singh, Raj Kumar

2016-12-01

Disease outbreak investigations were carried out in three states of Northern India namely Haryana (Rewari), Uttar Pradesh (Noida) and Delhi, where a total of 110 Indian peafowls (Pavo cristatus) showed sudden onset of nervous signs and died within a period of two weeks during June, 2012. The F (fusion) gene-based RT-PCR detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in affected tissues confirmed the presence of the virus. Three NDV isolates were selected (one from each area under investigation) and further characterized. They were found to be of virulent pathotype (velogenic NDV) based on both pathogenicity assays (MDT, ICPI and IVPI) and partial F gene sequence analysis. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to the genotype VIIi and XIII of class II avian Paramyxovirus serotype1 (APMV-1) and related closely to new emerging sub-genotypes. This is the first report regarding the presence of the fifth panzootic vNDV genotype VIIi from India. In this scenario, extensive epidemiological studies are suggested for surveillance of NDV genotypes in wild birds and poultry flocks of the country along with adopting suitable prevention and control measures.

Population status, habitat selection and people's perception on Pavo cristatus (Aves: Phasianidae in Sigur Plateau, the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India

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Arockianathan Samson

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The present study aimed to estimate the population status, habitat utilisation and threats to the Indian peafowl in Sigur Plateau, Tamil Nadu from November 2016 to March 2017. A total of 1091 individuals of peafowls were recorded in 487 sightings in 1080 km (2.28 ± 0.05 with the encounter rate of 1.01 individuals / km. In Dry Deciduous Forest a total of 570 individuals of peafowls were recorded in 224 sightings in 460 km (2.28 ± 0.05, ER = 1.01 individuals / km. In Dry Thorn Forest a total of 521 individuals of peafowls were recorded in 254 sightings in 620 km (2.05 ± 0.06 ER = 0.84 individuals / km. A total of 19 roosting trees species were identified, all recorded in thorn forest; similarly nine species were recorded in dry deciduous forest. The highest number of roosts were recorded in Tectona grandis (n = 27; the average height of the tree species was 14.46 m and the average Indian peafowl roost height was 11.25. The Indian peafowl has decreased; the reason for invading the human habitation was the loss of food (n = 60. Crop damage by peafowl shows that beans (50% were highly damaged followed by chilly (37%, tomato (5% and ragi (4% and corn (1%. Drivers (n = 25 noted that under some circumstances Pavo cristatus could be killed due to its sudden appearance on the roads.

Pharmacokinetics of butorphanol delivered with an osmotic pump during a seven-day period in common peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

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Clancy, Meredith M; KuKanich, Butch; Sykes, John M

2015-12-01

To determine pharmacokinetics of butorphanol delivered via osmotic pumps in common peafowl (Pavo cristatus) as a method for analgesic administration to avian species. 14 healthy adult male common peafowl. A preliminary experiment was conducted with 2 birds to establish time point and concentration requirements. Then, the remaining 12 birds were anesthetized, and 2 osmotic pumps containing butorphanol (volume, 2 mL; mean dosage, 247 μg/kg/h) were implanted subcutaneously in each bird for 7 days prior to removal. Blood samples were collected before pump implantation (time 0); 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 hours after pump implantation; and 3 and 6 hours after pump removal. Plasma butorphanol concentrations were measured via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Plasma concentrations peaked (mean, 106.4 μg/L; range, 61.8 to 133.0 μg/L) at a mean of 39.0 hours, with no evidence of sedation in any bird. After pump removal, butorphanol was rapidly eliminated (half-life, 1.45 hours; range, 1.31 to 1.64 hours; n = 5). Mean clearance per fraction of dose absorbed was 2.89 L/kg/h (range, 2.00 to 5.55 L/kg/h). Mean amount of time the plasma butorphanol concentration was ≥ 60 μg/L was 85.6 hours (range, 3.5 to 155.3 hours). Plasma concentrations of butorphanol in common peafowl were maintained at or above reported efficacious analgesic concentrations. This study established a method for administering analgesics to avian patients without the need for frequent handling or injections. Use of these osmotic pumps may provide options for avian analgesia.

Behavior Ecology of the Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758 in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java

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JARWADI BUDI HERNOWO

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type's condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding. select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type's conditions.

Behavior Ecology of the Javan Green Peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus Linnaeus 1758 in Baluran and Alas Purwo National Park, East Java

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JARWADI BUDI HERNOWO

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The javan green peafowl (Pavo muticus muticus is a endangered bird species. They have big pressure to the population and the habitat. The fact that the birds are still exist on their local distribution. Behavior ecology of javan green peafowl is dealing with activities, mechanism and strategies of the birds in relation to their environment. The aimed of the study is to obtain data and information of ecological adaptation strategies through the behavior activities, mechanism and strategies of javan green peafowl in-relation to their habitat types. Ad libitum sampling method was used on continuous recording every peafowl activities in relation with duration, frequencies mechanism and strategy were influenced by habitat type’s condition. Chi-squre test was used for statistical analysis to know different behavior has influenced by habitat types. The result shown that the javan green peafowl habitat typse has significant influenced on duration of the activities but not at the activities pattern. The walking during the feeding, select shading places or luxuriant trees close to feeding site, choosing tall trees or emergent trees close to open area as roost site, open area also road as display or dancing area, open area which grow shrubs as nesting site are javan green peafowl ecological behavior strategies. The mechanism and strategies of javan green peafowl behavior ecology are related to avoid from disturbance and to adapt their habitat type’s conditions.

Environmental modulation of androgen levels and secondary sex characters in two populations of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo.

Science.gov (United States)

Saraiva, João L; Gonçalves, David M; Oliveira, Rui F

2010-02-01

Morphology and endocrinology were studied in two populations of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo, with different regimes of sexual selection imposed by differences in nest site availability. The peacock blenny is a small, sexually dimorphic benthic fish that presents exclusive paternal care of the clutch and inhabits rocky shores of the Mediterranean and adjacent Atlantic areas. In a population from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic sea) inhabiting rocky shores where nest sites are abundant, male-male competition for nests is low, males court females and a low frequency of alternative reproductive tactics (small, parasitic female-mimicking sneaker males that change tactic into nest holders in subsequent breeding seasons) occurs. Conversely at Ria Formosa, a coastal lagoon in Southern Portugal, where nest sites are scarce and highly aggregated, male-male competition for nests is very high, there is sex-role reversal with female courtship and a high frequency of alternative reproductive tactics is observed. Concomitantly, at Ria Formosa nest holder males are larger and present more developed secondary sex characters and higher levels of 11KT than at the Gulf of Trieste. However, the gonads of nest holders and parasitic males were larger in the Gulf of Trieste population. Competition for nests at Ria Formosa seems to promote more developed secondary sex characters in nest site scarcity conditions, while competition for females at the Gulf of Trieste seems to be spurring sperm competition among males in populations where nest sites are more abundant. 11KT was thus associated with the development and expression of secondary sex characters in contrasting environments. These results exemplify how the modulation of behavioral plasticity and secondary sex characters by the social environment can be mediated by androgens. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

New records of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from domestic and ornamental birds from Chile

OpenAIRE

González-Acuña, D; Lara, J; Cicchino, A

2009-01-01

Por medio del examen del plumaje de aves domésticas y ornamentales en Chile se reconfirma la presencia de los phthiraptera Menopon gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Goniocotes gallinae y Menacanthus stramineus en la gallina doméstica, Gallus gallus domesticus y se registra además por primera vez en el país la especie Menacanthus pallidulus. En aves ornamentales se registran en pavo, Meleagris gallipavo, la especie M. stramineus, en pavo real, Pavo cristatus las especies Goniodes pavonis y Amrysidea m...

Nuevos registros de piojos (Insecta: Phthiraptera) en aves domésticas y ornamentales en Chile New records of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from domestic and ornamental birds from Chile

OpenAIRE

D González-Acuña; J Lara; A Cicchino

2009-01-01

Por medio del examen del plumaje de aves domésticas y ornamentales en Chile se reconfirma la presencia de los phthiraptera Menopon gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Goniocotes gallinae y Menacanthus stramineus en la gallina doméstica, Gallus gallus domesticus y se registra además por primera vez en el país la especie Menacanthus pallidulus. En aves ornamentales se registran en pavo, Meleagris gallipavo, la especie M. stramineus, en pavo real, Pavo cristatus las especies Goniodes pavonis y Amrysidea m...

USO DE CULTURAS INICIADORAS PARA A ELABORAÇÃO DE UM EMBUTIDO À BASE DE CARNE DE PATO (Cairina moschata USE OF STARTER CULTURES TO PRODUCE FERMENTED SAUSAGE FROM DUCK MEAT

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Felipe Oliveira CARIONI

2001-12-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, tanto a criação quanto a comercialização da carne de pato (Cairina moschata ainda é incipiente, mas devido a sua rusticidade, fácil manejo, e carne apreciada no mercado, entende-se que a obtenção de produtos à base de carne de pato apresenta-se como uma alternativa rentável na indústria de alimentos. O uso de culturas iniciadoras na elaboração de produtos fermentados é uma prática comum na indústria de produtos cárneos estando diretamente relacionada às características de flavor, textura, cor e vida-de-prateleira do produto final. Avaliou-se o uso de culturas iniciadoras na elaboração de embutido fermentado à base de carne de pato obtida da desossa manual da coxa e sobrecoxa. Uma mistura de culturas iniciadoras de Lactobacillus plantarum BN e Kokuria varians CCT 4492 foi usada para inocular a massa cárnea. Os embutidos foram defumados em câmara para defumação a 23±1°C por aproximadamente 19 horas e curados por 25 dias. A contagem inicial de células viáveis na massa do embutido foi de 6,08Log10UFC/g e de 6,04Log10UFC/g para bactérias ácido-lácticas e Micrococcacea, respectivamente. Após o segundo dia do processo, bactérias ácido-lácticas apresentaram um crescimento de 0,79 ciclos logarítmicos e no décimo primeiro dia um aumento de 2,58 ciclos logarítmicos. O valor médio de acidez, em ácido láctico, no produto final foi de 0,39% e o valor de pH de 5,11. As análises físico-químicas apresentaram-se dentro dos padrões da legislação brasileira. O produto elaborado apresentou perfil sensorial dentro dos padrões aceitáveis de qualidade.In Brazil, duck raising (Cairina moschata and duck meat commercialization are still incipient activities, but due to this animal's rusticity, easiness of management and the marketability of its meat, they may be seen as profitable alternatives in the food industry. The use of starters in the manufacturing of fermented products is a common practice in the meat

Mirmecofauna (Hymenoptera, Formicidae de Duas Marismas do Estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS: Diversidade, Flutuação de Abundância e Similaridade como Indicadores de Conservação

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Cristiane Bolico

2012-03-01

Abstract. The aim of this investigation was to assess the myrmecofauna of two distinct salt marshes and to estimate the diversity, similarity, as well as to estimate the effects of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on the fluctuation patterns of these insects. Additionally, the species that act as environmental indicators were recognized. The study was conducted in two salt marshes located in the Patos Lagoon Estuary: Torotama’s Island and West Breakwater. A total of 853 ants were sampled, distributed in 19 genera. Both marshes showed similar diversity and abundance, Ds = 0.958 and I = 0.042 in Torotama’s Island and Ds = 0.8889 and I = 0.111 in West Break Water. Trends in ant composition coincided in both areas, with a peak during the warmer months. Areas showed no similarity, due to anthropogenic factors and species’ biology. Groups considered as biomarkers were recorded in the samples, providing parameters for environmental conservation.

Evaluation of two feeding programs on productive traits and foot injuries in commercial turkeys

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Ronald Santos-Ricalde

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción : Varios factores afectan la ganacia de peso y el rendimiento de canal en las aves. Entre estos, los programas de alimentación, el se xo y las enfermedades son los má s relevamtes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de dos programas de alimentación, uno alto en proteína (AP y otro bajo en proteína (BP, en pavos de ambos sexos, sobre el peso vivo, rendimiento en canal y lesiones en patas. Méto do : El program a de alimentacion alto en proteí na (AP consistio en diet as con mayor contenido de proteí na que las utilizadas en el programa de alime n ta ció n bajo en proteína (BP, sin embargo, el nivel de energía metabolizable en las dietas fue simil ar en a mbos programas. Se evaluó la gancia diaria de peso, rendimiento de canal y lesiones en patas. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial con 128 repeticiones por tratamiento. El analisis estadístico incluyó los efe ctos del programa de alimentación, sexo y la interacció n. Resultados : Los pavos del programa AP fueron más pesados (P1.5 cm de diá metro fueron más frecuentes (P<0.06 en los pavos alimentados con el programa AP (28.3% vs . BP (18.1% y en los machos (31.9% vs . hembras (14.9%; P<0.05. Adicional mente, conforme los pavos incrementaron de edad las lesiones grado 2 en patas fueron más frecuentes (34.9, 37.8 y 60.2% a las 15, 19 y 23 semanas de edad, respectivamente. Conclusión : Los resultados indican que los pavos criados con un programa AP fueron más pesados, mientras que los pavos machos fueron más pesados y rindieron más en canal que las hembras. La frecuencia y severidad de las lesiones en las patas de las aves fueron mayores en los pavos machos y de mayor edad.

Variação espacial e temporal de larvas de Odonata associadas com macrófitas aquáticas em duas lagoas da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná, Brasil Spatial and temporal variation of Odonata larvae associated with macrophytes in two floodplain lakes from the upper Paraná River, Brazil

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Gilza Maria de Souza Franco

2002-05-01

Full Text Available Amostras de macrófitas aquáticas foram coletadas de março de 1992 a fevereiro de 1993, nas lagoas do Guaraná (Eichhornia azurea e dos Patos (E. crassipes e E. azurea. Na lagoa do Guaraná, a maior densidade e a maior diversidade foram registradas nas águas altas, com dominância de Telebasis e Acanthagrion, enquanto na lagoa dos Patos a maior densidade e a maior diversidade foram verificadas na fase de águas baixas. Os táxons dominantes na lagoa dos Patos foram Telebasis, Acanthagrion, Neoneura (?,Coryphaeschna adnexa, Miathyria, Diastatops intensa e Erythemis. A lagoa dos Patos diferenciou-se da lagoa do Guaraná principalmente pela alta densidade de C. adnexa, Miathyria, D. intensa e Erythemis, sugerindo que a morfologia de E. crassipes abrigue maior número de invertebrados. A variação do nível hidrométrico dos rios influenciou na concentração de oxigênio dissolvido e pH. Essa variação foi um dos fatores determinantes na flutuação mensal da densidade das larvas. A diferença entre as lagoas, mostrada na análise DCA, deveu-se, principalmente, à variação da densidade de Odonata.Samples of aquatic macrophytes were collected on Guaraná (Eichhornia azurea and Patos (E. crassipes and E. azurea Lakes from March 1992 to February 1993. On Guaraná Lake the highest density and diversity were registered during the high water phase with dominance of Telebasis and Acanthagrion, while on Patos Lake, highest density and diversity were observed during the low water phase. The dominant taxa on Patos Lake were Telebasis, Acanthagrion, Neoneura (?,Coryphaeschna adnexa, Miathyria, Diastatops intensa and Erythemis. DCA and ANOVA differentiated Patos Lake mainly, because of the high abundance of C. adnexa, Miathyria, D. intensa and Erythemis which may be due to morphology of E. crassipes that shelters larger number of invertebrates. Water level variation of rivers influenced concentration of dissolved oxygen and pH. This variation was

Incidences of mortality of Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus due to pesticide poisoning in India and accumulation pattern of chlorinated pesticides in tissues of the same species collected from Ahmedabad and Coimbatore.

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Nambirajan, Kanthan; Muralidharan, Subramanian; Manonmani, Subbian; Kirubhanandhini, Venkatachalam; Ganesan, Kitusamy

2018-03-23

Incidences of mortality of Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus, the national bird (Schedule I Indian Wild Life Protection Act 1972), are rampant in India. Between January 2011 and March 2017, around 550 peafowl in 35 incidences were reported dead across the country. Due to the non-availability of fresh carcases, poisoning could not be confirmed. Birds which died due to kite string injuries in Ahmedabad (15) and accidents in Coimbatore (5) were tested for residues of chlorinated pesticides, namely hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), endosulfan, heptachlor, dicofol, dieldrin and cholipyrifos. The liver, kidney and muscle were the tissues considered to document pesticide load. Total load ranged from BDL to 388.2 ng/g. DDT (95%) and HCH (80%) were detected more frequently. DDT (40%) and endosulfan (26%) contributed maximum to the total pesticide load followed by HCH (21%). Pesticide accumulation pattern among the organs was in the order of liver (123.9 ng/g) > kidney (91.9 ng/g) > muscle (19.5 ng/g) with significant difference (p pesticide (149.0 ng/g) than birds from Coimbatore (47.8 ng/g). Although varying levels of chlorinated pesticide were detected, they were below reported toxic limits. Nevertheless, persistence of chlorinated pesticides and poisoning due to modern pesticides across the entire distribution range of Peafowl in India is a cause for concern.

Variação de Abundância, Diversidade Ecológica e Similaridade de Coleoptera (Insecta entre Restinga e Marisma do Estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Rio Grande, RS

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Katiele Dummel

2011-07-01

Abstract. Insecta is the most diverse, abundant and dominant group of arthropods, being used in diversity studies as biological indicators. Despite this, there are few studies regard to coleopterofauna and its relation to coastal environments. Salt marshes and sandbanks are characterized by their ecological importance of coastal regions of the southwest Atlantic. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the fauna of Coleoptera captured in a sandbank area with the fauna of a salt marsh in the estuary of the lagoon Lagoa dos Patos, RS. Samples were collected from August 2007 to July 2008 in sandbank area; and from September 2008 to August 2009 in the salt marsh area. A total of 826 beetles were collected, distributed in 26 families. The results suggest that both sandbank and salt marsh presented equally rich families, but with alternation of dominance between the areas. Coleoptera communities flutuactions in each area were different in the period; however, the peak abundance of both areas coincided with the warmer months. The diversity of families was higher in the area of sandbank, while families caught in sandbanks have greater similarity to those found in both areas. Groups classified as rare surpassed common. Families of varied habit appeared in both environments; nonetheless, the herbivorous dominated in the sandbank and carnivorous in the salt marsh.

Outbread of disease in turkeys farms attributed to haemorrhagic enteritis

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DONOSO, S.; OLIVARES, P.; QUEZADA, M.; GÓMEZ-VILLAMANDOS, J.C.

1999-01-01

Para determinar la causa específica de una elevada mortalidad en un plantel de pavos, se recibieron 5 pavos en total, provenientes de tres lotes de 6, 7 y 8 semanas de edad realizándose en ellos necropsia y se recolectó muestras para estudio histopatológico, ultraestructural y bacteriológico. En la necropsia se observaron lesiones en intestino, el que se encontraba distendido, y con contenido sanguinolento en el lumen. Histopatológicamente se observó una enteritis hemorrágica, hiperemia e in...

Patrones de uso de sitios naturales y artificiales por Branta bernicla nigricans (Anseriformes: Anatidae en Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, México

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Israel Martínez Cedillo

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En el complejo lagunar Guerrero Negro-Ojo de Liebre-Exportadora de Sal inverna el 31% de la población de Ganso de collar (Branta bernicla nigricans que utiliza México (31 000 aves en promedio. Nosotros realizamos censos de punto mensuales (noviembre 2006 a abril 2007 en tres sitios para determinar: (1 los efectos de la época del año y del sitio en la estructura poblacional (grupos de edad y (2 la relación del nivel de marea con la abundan- cia y la proporción de aves alimentándose. La proporción general de adultos fue de 0.68. Esta proporción fue mayor en invierno que en primavera. Por sitio en LGN y ESSA disminuyó y en LOL se mantuvo constante. El incremento de aves inmaduras entre el invierno y la primavera se relaciona con su partida primaveral tardía. La alimentación del Ganso de collar en LOL (el sitio de mayor abundancia fue independiente del nivel de marea, lo que se puede relacionar con dos conductas: (1 que las aves se muevan a lo largo de la laguna, para aprovechar el desfase, de hasta cuatro horas en el nivel de marea o (2 que modifiquen sus estrategias de alimentación, para consumir el pasto flotante.

Phenotype abnormality - Arabidopsis Phenome Database | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available ion of ontology terms and properties. Phenotypes for morphology are standardized using Plant Ontology... (PO) or Trait Ontology (TO), with Phenotype Ontology (PATO). PATO is the vocabulary cov... tolerance can be expressed using Gene Ontology (GO), ChEBI etc. Some phenotypes are observed under some spe...h URL http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/cpp_abnormality#en Data acquisition method Plant Ontology, Phenotype Ontology

Comparative morphological studies of the neurocranium and the gills of two species of blennies living in different habitats.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferrito, Venera; Mauceri, Angela; Minniti, Franco; Isaja, Manuela; Maisano, Maria; Tigano, Concetta

2007-01-01

Two species of Blennies--Salaria fluviatilis, which lives in freshwaters, and Salaria pavo, which lives in the sea--are considered to be phylogenetically related. Due to the interesting feature of one species having a freshwater and one having a marine habitat, and because of the paucity of studies on the intraspecific and interspecific variability of skeletal characters, in the study reported here, several populations of S. fluviatilis and S. pavo were compared. The intraspecific and interspecific morphology of the cranial characteristics, as well as the branchial epithelium, was studied in relationship to the adaptation of the two species to different environments. Osteological results confirmed the intraspecific variability already found in S. fluviatilis and showed a notable interspecific differentiation between S. pavo and S. fluviatilis. Histological studies indicate that the two species have morphological differences, which are the result of the diversity of the environments in which they live. The results from the two approaches, taken together, are in agreement with the hypothesis of the origin of these two species being from a common marine ancestor.

Prospects of Biometrics at-a-Distance

Science.gov (United States)

2015-09-01

face or fingerprint. For instance, light levels affect the ability of the sensor to collect accurate imagery (Pato & Millet , 2010). When conducting...accurate data on a subject given environmental or hardware restraints (Pato & Millet , 2010). These issues degrade biometric system capabilities when...where the arch pattern looks more like a hill with ridges entering from one side, moving across the finger while rising, then falling and exiting the

Social cues in the expression of sequential alternative reproductive tactics in young males of the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo.

Science.gov (United States)

Fagundes, Teresa; Simões, Mariana G; Gonçalves, David; Oliveira, Rui F

2012-10-10

Phenotypic change in response to variation in environmental cues has been widely documented in fish. Transitions in social dominance, in particular, have been shown to induce a rapid switch in reproductive phenotypes in many species. However, this effect has been mainly studied in adults and focused on behavioural transitions. The way social cues constraint the phenotypic development of juveniles remains poorly studied in fish. We tested the importance of social dominance and density in the phenotypic development of juveniles of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo. This species shows sequential male alternative reproductive tactics. In the first breeding season males can reproduce as nest-holders or as parasitic males (female-mimicking), or postpone reproduction; from the following season afterwards all males reproduce as nest-holders. Parasitic males have relatively larger testes that lack a testicular gland, present in the testes of nest-holders. The testicular gland is the main source of androgens in the testes and accordingly nest-holders have higher circulating androgen levels. In addition, exogenous androgen administration to parasitic males promotes the development of secondary sexual characters (SSC) only present in nest-holders such as a head crest and an anal gland. We raised juveniles under a high or low-density treatment and monitored social interactions for 1 month. No significant effect of density on the development of juvenile males was detected. However, within each replicate, the relative body size of juvenile males at the beginning of the experiment determined their dominance status, with dominant males developing towards the nest-holder morphotype. Dominant males engaged in more nest defence behaviour, showed larger testicular glands, had higher levels of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and testosterone (T) and developed more SSC, as compared to subordinate males. However, these effects of social dominance were moderated by body condition as only

A gestão participativa do processo decisório das casas familiares rurais da região sudoeste do Paraná: estudo de caso nas CFR`s de Pato Branco e Manfrinópolis.

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Polyane Passos Mayer Straub

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar como ocorre o processo decisório nas Casas Familiares Rurais dos municípios de Manfrinópolis e Pato Branco, localizadas na região sudoeste do Paraná. Para isso foram realizadas algumas pesquisas, dentre elas a bibliográfica, a documental e a exploratória. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada através da leitura de livros, artigos, dissertações e teses acerca do tema gestão participativa; materiais sobre a constituição das Casas Familiares Rurais, bem como o contexto da Pedagogia da Alternância, que é fundamental para este estudo. Já a pesquisa documental verificou os documentos que regem a atuação das Casas Familiares Rurais, ou seja, o Estatuto da Associação de cada CFR; também foi pesquisado o Estatuto da Associação Regional nas Casas Familiares Rurais do Sul do Brasil – ARCAFAR SUL. A pesquisa exploratória se realizou através de uma coleta de dados, a qual se deu da seguinte forma: roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado com os coordenadores das CFR`s, membros da Associação das CFR`s. Presidente, Assessora Pedagógica e Articuladora de Projetos da ARCAFAR SUL. Para o tratamento dos dados nos documentos foi verificada a existência do termo gestão participativa e a forma de constituição e do papel de cada membro da Associação das CFR`s. O estudo foi realizado em três etapas. Na primeira foi realizada a construção do cenário da pesquisa, ou seja, se contextualizou a região sudoeste do Paraná e os municípios de Manfrinópolis e Pato Branco. A segunda parte é constituída por um referencial bibliográfico sobre gestão participativa e traz ainda a constituição histórica das CFR`s, seu surgimento na França, no Brasil e na região sul do Brasil. A terceira parte contém os resultados referentes à coleta de dados realizada. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa evidenciaram a dificuldade financeira que as CFR`s enfrentam, tendo em vista que estas precisam firmar

Formulacio?n de mezclas de aceites esenciales como inhibidores de Listeria monocytogenes

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Cazar R., Mari?a-Elena

2013-01-01

Las enfermedades causadas por el consumo de alimentos contaminados tienen un alto impacto econo?mico y en la salud pu?blica. Las contaminaciones de alimentos causadas por pato?genos como Campylobacter y Salmonella son las ma?s comu?nmente reportadas. No obstante, pato?genos como Listeria monocytogenes pueden adaptarse, sobrevivir y crecer en un amplio rango de condiciones ambientales, causando patologi?as con elevadas tasas de hospitalizacio?n y mortalidad (Gandhi y Chikindas,2007). Las in...

Estratégias de promoção de saúde para crianças em idade pré-escolar do município de Patos-PB

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Theresa Hortênsia Leandro Carvalho

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A educação em saúde realizada no ambiente escolar pode favorecer o envolvimento da criança ao construir novos conhecimentos, facilitando assim a mudança de hábitos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar, em pré-escolares matriculados em escolas e creches municipais de Patos-PB, a condição de higiene bucal e a oclusão dentária, além de utilizar o Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART nas ações de saúde coletiva, para promover melhoria na saúde bucal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: A amostra foi constituída por 169 crianças, matriculadas na Pré-Escola I, II e no 1º Ano do Ensino Fundamental. Foram utilizadas palestras e atividades lúdicas adequadas à faixa etária, além doÍndice de Higiene Oral Simplificado, para conversão de níveis de saúde bucal em valores quantitativos. Além disso, foi analisada também a presença de lesões de cárie e oclusopatias, utilizando o índice de Foster e Hamilton, sendo os dentes cariados restaurados por meio do Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático (ART. RESULTADO: Na análise dos dados obtidos, observou-se êxito no trabalho realizado com as crianças, pois houve redução no percentual de escovação deficiente de 20,7% para 4,1%, regular de 62,1% para 49,7%, e aumento do índice de higienização boa, de 8,9% para 32%. Com relação à chave de oclusão, observaram-se os seguintes resultados: chave de canino Classe I, 71,6%; sobressaliência normal, 35,5%; sobremordida normal, 40,8%, e mordida cruzada posterior, ausente em 75,1% dos casos. CONCLUSÃO: Atividades educativas baseadas em instrumentos lúdicos e procedimentos restauradores simples e eficazes podem promover melhorias consideráveis nos níveis de higiene oral.

A síndrome anserina Anserine syndrome

OpenAIRE

Milton Helfenstein Jr; Jorge Kuromoto

2010-01-01

Dor no joelho é uma condição comum na clínica diária e a patologia anserina, também conhecida como pata de ganso, tem sido considerada uma das principais causas. O diagnóstico tem sido realizado de maneira eminentemente clínica, o que tem gerado equívocos. Os pacientes queixam-se tipicamente de dor na parte medial do joelho, com sensibilidade na porção ínferomedial. Estudos de imagem têm sido realizados para esclarecer se tais pacientes possuem bursite, tendinite ou ambos os distúrbios na reg...

CONCOMITANT HELMINTHIC AND ENTERO-PROTOZOAL INFESTATION IN INDIAN PEAFOWL

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B. Dutta

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Concomitant infestation of Ascaridia spp. along with Raillietina spp. and Emeria spp. has been identified in Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus of Ramnabagan Mini Zoo, Burdwan, West Bengal, India.

[Molecular cloning of activin betaA subunit mature peptide from peafowl and its application in taxonomy and phylogeny].

Science.gov (United States)

Zou, Fang-Dong; Tong, Xin-Xin; Yue, Bi-Song

2005-03-01

The sequences of activin gene betaA subunit mature peptide have been amplified from white peafowl, blue peafowl (pavo cristatus) and green peafowl (pavo muticus) genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a pair of degenerate primers. The target fragments were cloned into the vector pMD18-T and sequenced. The length of activin gene betaA subunit mature peptide is 345bp, which encoded a peptide of 115 amino acid residues. Sequence analysis of activin gene betaA subunit mature peptide demonstrated that the identity of nucleotide is 98.0% between blue peaflowl and green peafowl, and the identity of that is 98.8% between blue peaflowl and white peafow. Sequences comparison in NCBI revealed that the sequences of activin gene betaA subunit mature peptides of different species are highly conserved during evolution process. In addition, the restriction enzyme map of activins is high similar between white peafowl and blue peafowl. Phylogenetic tree was constructed with Mega 2 and Clustalxldx software. The result showed that white peafowl has a closer relationship to blue peafowl than to green peafowl. Considered the nucleotide differences of peafowls' activin gene betaA subunit mature peptides, a highly conserved region, we supported that white peafowl was derived from blue peafowl, and it is more possible the hybrid but just the product of color mutation, or maybe as a subspecies of Pavo genus.

Evaluation of different phosphorus sources to the Rumen microorganisms by the radiophosphorus incorporation (32P)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vitti, D.M.S.S.; Abdalla, A.L.; Silva Filho, J.C. da

1990-01-01

'In vitro' assays were carried out to evaluate the phosphorus utilization from dicalcium phosphate and rock phosphates from Patos de Minas, Tapira and Finos de Tapira. Rumen samples (500 ml) were collected from a fistulated steer and aliquots were incubated for 4 hours with 0,1 μCi 32 p (Na 2 HPO 4 ) in a medium containing the phosphorus sources. After centrifugation, microorganisms were separated and phosphorus incorporation determined. The mean values were 0.137; 0.128; 0.116 and 0.113 mg for Patos, dicalcium phosphate, Tapira and Finos, respectively. There was significant effect of treatment (P [pt

Keratin homogeneity in the tail feathers of Pavo cristatus and Pavo cristatus mut. alba

OpenAIRE

Pabisch, S.; Puchegger, S.; Kirchner, H.O.K.; Weiss, I.M.; Peterlik, H.

2010-01-01

The keratin structure in the cortex of peacocks? feathers is studied by X-ray diffraction along the feather, from the calamus to the tip. It changes considerably over the first 5?cm close to the calamus and remains constant for about 1?m along the length of the feather. Close to the tip, the structure loses its high degree of order. We attribute the X-ray patterns to a shrinkage of a cylindrical arrangement of ?-sheets, which is not fully formed initially. In the final structure, the crystall...

Keratin homogeneity in the tail feathers of Pavo cristatus and Pavo cristatus mut. alba.

Science.gov (United States)

Pabisch, S; Puchegger, S; Kirchner, H O K; Weiss, I M; Peterlik, H

2010-12-01

The keratin structure in the cortex of peacocks' feathers is studied by X-ray diffraction along the feather, from the calamus to the tip. It changes considerably over the first 5 cm close to the calamus and remains constant for about 1m along the length of the feather. Close to the tip, the structure loses its high degree of order. We attribute the X-ray patterns to a shrinkage of a cylindrical arrangement of β-sheets, which is not fully formed initially. In the final structure, the crystalline beta-cores are fixed by the rest of the keratin molecule. The hydrophobic residues of the beta-core are locked into a zip-like arrangement. Structurally there is no difference between the blue and the white bird. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tippu pürgivad Eesti sportlased ootavad kaitseväelt suuremat tuge / Andrus Nilk, Deivil Tserp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nilk, Andrus, 1962-

2004-01-01

Eesti spordiavalikkus arutleb, kas riigi kaitseväge võiks rohkem rakendada olümpialootuste ettevalmistamiseks. Arvamust avaldavad suusatreener Mati Alaver, EOK asepresident Jüri Tamm ning suusataja Pavo Raudsepp. Lisa: Sõjaväe palgal

Aplicação da Cromatografia de Permeação em Gel na Avaliação da Interação entre Metais Pesados e a Matéria Orgânica - Lagoa de Patos, RS, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Hilda Romero Costa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Gel permeation chromatography method was applied to evaluate the Zn metal distribution levels in the organic fraction from sediments collected in the Patos Lagoon estuary. The analysis was performed based in metal distribution levels comparing with the dissolved organic carbon one and the molecular mass of the organic fraction. Initially, it was considered the analysis of three different metals: Cu, Pb and Zn. Nevertheless, while Cu and Pb levels were below the detection limit, Zn concentration ranges from 5 to 205 µg L-1. In this study was analyzed four different points: I {[Zn] = 4.88-24.47 µg L-1} and II {[Zn] = 11.33-91.06 µg L-1} in north region; III {[Zn] = 5.82-39.26 µg L-1} and IV {[Zn] = 22.78-205.41 µg L-1} in south region. The Zn levels in south were ten times higher than in north region, which is due to several industrial and port activities in this area. In both regions, there are significant amounts of Zn associated with the organic fraction (1.8 Da-1.4 kDa, while in south region there is a high level of Zn in its free form. It is important to comment that Zn complexation in the estuary was highly variable between north and south region (Lagoon estuary, which may be attributable to the lower salinity level in north region when compared with south one.

Rendimento e Características Físicas dos Óleos de Nim (Azadirachta indica e Mamona (Ricinus communis

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Juarez Benigno Paes

Full Text Available A pesquisa objetivou avaliar o rendimento e a viscosidade de óleos de nim (Azadirachta indica e mamona (Ricinus communis. Os frutos de nim foram coletados no Núcleo de Pesquisa do Semiárido, em Patos, Paraíba, e os de mamona, às margens do Rio Espinharas, Patos e em Igaracy, Paraíba. Os frutos foram beneficiados no Laboratório de Tecnologia de Produtos Florestais, em Patos. Foram retiradas amostras de sementes para a determinação do teor de umidade e do rendimento em óleos. Os óleos foram extraídos com álcool etílico absoluto e empregados no preparo de soluções com os óleos de nim e mamona. Determinaram-se a densidade e a viscosidade das soluções. A mamona teve menor teor de umidade e rendimento em óleo que o nim. A densidade e a viscosidade do óleo de nim foram menores que o da mamona. Uma maior quantidade de óleos de mamona proporcionou aumento na densidade e na viscosidade das soluções preparadas.

Las mujeres-ganso de Crossbones Graveyard=Women-Geese of Crossbones Graveyard

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Estíbaliz Pérez Asperilla

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen Este artículo se enmarca dentro de la investigación Los cinco sentidos del Distrito Cultural en Londres, la cual forma parte del Proyecto de Excelencia 2016-2018 Distritos Culturales: imágenes e imaginarios en los procesos de revitalización de espacios urbanos. Escogiendo Bankside como punto de partida, para dicha investigación se han analizado diferentes emplazamientos como Crossbones Graveyard –antiguo cementerio donde se encuentran enterradas muchas de las mujeres que ejercieron la prostitución en el Distrito entre los siglos XII y XVII–. Desde su descubrimiento en la década de los 90 se han llevado a cabo numerosas acciones gracias a las cuales se ha conseguido no sólo su conservación, sino difundir la verdadera historia de las “Winchester Geese”.   Abstract This paper is part of the research Five senses of London Cultural District, which is part of the Excellence Project 2016-2018 Cultural Districts: images and imaginaries in the processes of revitalization of urban spaces. Choosing Bankside as a starting point, for this research different sites have been analysed such as Crossbones Graveyard –which is an old graveyard where many of the women who practiced prostitution in the District between the twelfth and seventeenth centuries were buried. Since its discovery in the 90’s, many actions have been carried out, which have not only achieved the goal of preserving the place, but also spread the truth of “Winchester Geese’s” story.

Influência das condições de cultivo na composição da semente e do óleo de gergelim

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Rosemar Antoniassi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foram avaliadas sementes de 14 genótipos de gergelim, oriundos de ensaios realizados em delineamento ao acaso, com cinco repetições, cultivados em Patos, na Paraíba, e em Barbalha, no Ceará, em ambientes de sequeiro e irrigado, respectivamente. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à composição centesimal e quanto ao teor de aminoácidos. No óleo, foram determinados o perfil em ácidos graxos e esteróis, além de características do padrão de identidade e qualidade. Foram observadas diferenças significativas (p<0,05 entre os locais para o teor de óleo e de proteína, sendo o teor de óleo superior para Barbalha, onde o cultivo foi irrigado. Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05 entre as médias de Patos e de Barbalha para os ácidos graxos, sendo que os teores de ácidos esteárico (C18:0 e oleico (C18:1 foram maiores para Patos, enquanto o de ácido linoleico (C18:2 foi maior para Barbalha. Quanto aos teores de esteróis, campesterol, estigmasterol e delta 5 avenasterol, foram maiores para o óleo das amostras de Barbalha, enquanto o de sitosterol foi maior para amostras de Patos (p<0,05. Algumas diferenças foram observadas quanto a ácidos graxos, esteróis, densidade, índice de refração e padrão de identidade, para o óleo de gergelim, do Codex Alimentarius (2001, reforçando a necessidade de construir-se uma base de dados nacional, que possa subsidiar futuras alterações neste padrão.

Metapneumovirus aviar: diagnóstico y control (Avian Metapneumovirus: diagnosis and control)

OpenAIRE

Acevedo Beiras, Ana María.

2011-01-01

ResumenEl Metapneumovirus aviar (aMPV) causa una infección aguda, altamente contagiosa del tracto respiratorio superior principalmente en pavos y pollos.SummaryAvian metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes an acute highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection primarily of turkeys and chickens.

The changing pattern of pathology due to Schistosoma mansoni infection

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Zilton A. Andrade

1985-09-01

Full Text Available A survey of the autopsy data on hepatosplenic schistosomiasis during periods, before and after the advent of new chemotherapeutic drugs, revealed that: a the pathological presentation was the same for the two periods; b the number of cases in the last five years is progressively decreasing; c hepatosplenic disease due to schistosomiasis is becoming rare in young people. These data represent a change in the pattern of pathology in schistosomiasis, probably related to new chemotherapy.Uma revisão dos dados de necrópsias realizadas em portadores da forma hépato-esplênica da esquistossomose, feita em dois períodos, antes e após a introdução das novas e efetivas drogas contra o S. mansoni, revelou que: a as lesões encontradas foram qualitativamente as mesmas nos dois períodos; b a percentagem dos casos hépato-esplênicos mostra decréscimo progressivo nos últimos cinco anos do estudo; c os casos de esquistossomose hépato-esplênica estão se tornando raros em jovens. Tais elementos constituem uma mudança no padrão de apresentação da doença, possivelmente relacionada com a introdução da nova quimioterapia curativa.

Copper, Cadmium and Lead in superficial sediment, water and the fish Cyprinodon Dearborni, in two Lagoons of Venezuela

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Toledo, J.; Lemus, M.; Chung, K. S

2000-01-01

The concentration of copper, cadmium and lead in superficial sediment, water and the fish Cyprenodon dearborni was determined in two coastal lagoons of Sucre State, Venezuela. Chacopata lagoon is hyper saline while Los Patos Lagoon is hypo saline and receives significant waste water from Cumana city. Water, sediment and fish samples were collected in Frebruary 1998. In the laboratory, samples underwent acid digestion and were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean values of the metals in C dearborni from the Chacopata lagoon were: 159.26± 210.68 μg/g for Cu, 44.71±45.58 μg/g for Cd, and 9.31±23.34 μg/g for Pb, while for Los Patos lagoon the mean values were: 64.88±16.30, 19.48± 5.81 and 22.85±20.00, respectively. In the water column, the metal concentration ranges were: 2.3-11.6, 3.9-5.4 and 21-32 mg/l for cooper, cadmium and lead, respectively. These results suggest that metal levels in sediment, water column and organisms in both lagoons do not differ, except for lead, even though only Los Patos receives waste water. (Author) [es

Applying an Avian Index of Biological Integrity to Assess and Monitor Arid and Semi-arid Riparian Ecosystems

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

e.g., foraging or reproduction behavior). Measurement of the IHD. The purpose of the IHD is to establish a gradient of human disturbance that may...sparverius Resident Insectivore Ground Hawk PIF 2A Non-Dependent Native Cavity Domestic Peacock Pavo cristatus Resident Granivore Ground Captive

On Czech Marxism: an interview with Ivan Landa and Jan Mervart

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Landa, Ivan; Mervart, Jan; Robertson, J.

-, September 6 (2016), s. 1-12 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Marxism * Patočka * Teige * Kosík Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion http://www.criticatac.ro/lefteast/on-czech- marxism /

Infecção natural por Cryptosporidium sp. em aves domésticas comercializadas em mercados municipais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Natural infection by Cryptosporidium sp. in domestic fowls sold at local markets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raquel Saucier Gomes

2009-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar a dinâmica, a ocorrência, a morfometria de oocistos e os períodos patentes de Cryptosporidium sp. em aves domésticas, patos (Anas platyrhynchos, pintos (Gallus gallus e codornas (Coturnix japonica, naturalmente infectadas, provenientes de dois mercados municipais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro (RJ. Houve diferenças quanto à ocorrência da infecção entre os dois locais e entre pintos e patos, mas não entre codornas. Para a morfometria, foram observadas diferenças estatísticas nas medidas dos diâmetros maior e menor e para o índice morfométrico calculado (P0,05. Na comparação do período de eliminação, patos tiveram um maior período com maiores quantidades de oocistos eliminados. Codornas e pintos apresentaram dinâmica de eliminação semelhante e não houve diferença quanto à concentração de oocistos. Pintos foram mais susceptíveis à infecção seguidos por patos e codornas. Pode-se concluir que a infecção natural por Cryptoporidium sp. foi frequente nas aves estudadas. Patos, pintos e codornas podem ser disseminadores do protozoário em mercados municipais do Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Assim, podem constituir risco de infecção.The objective of the current study was comparing the dynamic and occurrence of Cryptosporidium sp., as well as the morphometry and elimination period of oocysts in naturally infected ducks (Anas platyrhynchos, chickens (Gallus gallus and Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica from two local markets of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. There were significant differences considering the occurrence of infection between the two markets, and also between chickens and ducks, but not among Japanese quails. Also, significant statistical differences were observed in morphometry, considering the major and minor diameters of oocysts and the calculated morphometric index (P0.05. According to the elimination period, ducks eliminated oocysts for a longer period and in a higher number

Fatal Syngamus trachea Infection in a Barn Owl (Tyto alba) in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

in a Pea fowl (Pavo cristatus) ZooPrint Journal 18(9):1204. TARELLO, W. (2008). Efficacy of ivermectins against intestinal capillariosis in falcons Parasite 15(2):. 171-174. WELTE, S.C. and KIRKPATRICK, C.E.. (1986) Syngamiasis injuvenile American robins (Turdus migratorius) with a note on prevalence of other faecal ...

Burnham's celestial handbook

CERN Document Server

Burnham, Robert

1978-01-01

Volume III of this three-part comprehensive guide to the thousands of celestial objects outside our solar system concludes with listings from Pavo through Vulpecula. Objects are grouped according to constellation, and their definitions feature names, coordinates, classifications, and physical descriptions. Additional notes offer fascinating historical information. Hundreds of visual aids. 1977 edition.

Fundamental properties of stars using asteroseismology from Kepler and CoRoT and interferometry from the CHARA Array

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Huber, D.; Ireland, M.J.; Bedding, T.R.

2012-01-01

We present results of a long-baseline interferometry campaign using the PAVO beam combiner at the CHARA Array to measure the angular sizes of five main-sequence stars, one subgiant and four red giant stars for which solar-like oscillations have been detected by either Kepler or CoRoT. By combinin...

Supplementary Material for: The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants

KAUST Repository

Hoehndorf, Robert; AlShahrani, Mona; Gkoutos, Georgios; Gosline, George; Groom, Quentin; Hamann, Thomas; Kattge, Jens; Oliveira, Sylvia de; Schmidt, Marco; Sierra, Soraya; Smets, Erik; Vos, Rutger; Weiland, Claus

2016-01-01

traits of plant species found in Floras. We used the Plant Ontology (PO) and the Phenotype And Trait Ontology (PATO) to extract entity-quality relationships from digitized taxon descriptions in Floras, and used a formal ontological approach based

Ad honorem Klaus Schaller

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Schifferová, Věra

22/24, 2014/2016 (2016), s. 85-95 ISSN 0945-313X R&D Projects: GA ČR GA13-08740S Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Klaus Schaller * Comenius * Jan Patočka * philosophy Subject RIV: AB - History

"La forma matura del Cristianesimo demitizzato" – perché?

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Frei, Jan

2012-01-01

Roč. 5, č. 1 (2012), s. 65-71 ISSN 1974-5818 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP401/11/1747 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Jan Patočka * christianity * history of Europe Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Dominio del mondo e conversione dell'anima in La superciviltà e il suo conflitto interno

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Švec, Ondřej

2012-01-01

Roč. 5, č. 1 (2012), s. 89-101 ISSN 1974-5818 R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP401/11/1747 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Jan Patočka * supercivilization * rationality * politics Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

The radius and mass of the close solar twin 18 Scorpii derived from asteroseismology and interferometry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bazot, M.; Ireland, M.J.; Huber, D.

2011-01-01

Sco. We observed the star during 12 nights with HARPS for seismology and used the PAVO beam-combiner at CHARA for interferometry. An average large frequency separation 134.4 ± 0.3 μHz and angular and linear radiuses of 0.6759 ± 0.0062 mas and 1.010 ± 0.009 Rsun were estimated. We used these values...

The peacock's train (Pavo cristatus and Pavo cristatus mut. alba) II. The molecular parameters of feather keratin plasticity.

Science.gov (United States)

Weiss, Ingrid M; Schmitt, Karl P; Kirchner, Helmut O K

2011-06-01

Thermal activation analysis of plastic deformation of peacock tail feathers, by temperature changes and stress relaxation, gave for the keratin cortex an activation enthalpy of 1.78 ± 0.89 eV and an activation volume of 0.83 ± 0.13 nm³, for both the blue and the white subspecies. These values suggest that breaking of electrostatic bonds is responsible for plasticity in feather keratin. These might be bonds between keratin and nonkeratinous matrix or keratin-keratin cross-links. The mechanical properties of the rachis cortex are surprisingly uniform along the length of the feathers. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.

Estudo eletroforético de proteínas de músculo esquelético de Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823 da costa SE-S do Brasil: 2. variação ontogenética e estudo populacional An electrophoretic study on proteins of skeleton muscle of Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823 from SE-S coast of Brazil: 2. ontogenetical varition and population dynamics

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hana Suzuki

1983-01-01

Full Text Available Eletroferogramas de músculo esquelético de Micropogonais furnieri de ambos os sexos, de comprimento total entre 112 e 718 mm, coletados na área entre Ubatuba (SP e Florianópolis (SC e na Lagoa dos Patos (RS, foram obtidos em membranas de acetato de celulose e as bandas de proteínas gerais visualizadas com Ponceau S. Os eletroferogramas foram classificados em 3 tipos, P, PF e A, e em 6 variedades, "i", "c","r", "l", "lf" e "j" , baseados em diferenças qualitativas e quantitativas nas bandas VI1, VI2, VII, e I2, respectivamente. As diferenças constatadas nos eletroferogramas nao dependem da área de coleta das amostras, Ubatuba-Florianópolis ou Lagoa dos Patos. Os tipos P, PF e A de eletroferograma são relacionados ao desenvolvimento ontogenético dos peixes, e as variedades "j", "r" e "c". ao período de preservação das amostras. Os tipos e as variedades de eletroferogramas são independentes do sexo, estádio de maturidade gonadal e área de captura dos peixes.Electropherograms of general proteins of skeletic muscle of male and female Micropogonias furnieri, ranging from 112 to 718 mm in total length, were obtained in cellulose acetate membranes visualized by Ponceau SQ The specimens were collect ed in the area between Ubatuba (SP and Florianópolis (SC, and in Lagoa dos Patos (RS. The electropherograms were classified in three types, P, PF and A, and in six varieties, "i", "c", "r", "l", "lf" and "j", based on the qualitative and quantitative differences in the bands VI1, VI2, and VII, and I2, respectively. The differences observed in electropherograms were independent of the sampling area, Ubatuba-Florianopolis or Lagoa dos Patos. The types P, PF and A of electropherograms were related to the ontogenetic development of fish and the varieties "j", "r" and "c" were related to the period of preservation of the samples. The types and varieties of the electropherograms were independent of sex, gonadal maturity and sampling site.

Private affairs [Canon del Pato hydroelectric project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moxon, S.

1997-01-01

The privatisation of the electric power industry in Peru has caused growth in its hydroelectric generation capacity. Increased interest in hydroelectric power, based on economic considerations, had led to decision on upgrading the two main hydropower plants which will provide almost 100 MW of extra capacity over a three year period, and provide competitively priced electric power. (UK)

Growth Characteristics of an Estuarine Heterocystous Cyanobacterium

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Guimarães, P.; Yunes, J.S.; Cretoiu, M.S.; Stal, L.J.

2017-01-01

A new estuarine filamentous heterocystous cyanobacterium was isolated from intertidal sediment of the Lagoa dos Patos estuary (Brazil). The isolate may represent a new genus related to Cylindrospermopsis. While the latter is planktonic, contains gas vesicles, and is toxic, the newly isolated strain

Tragikomický Euthyfrón: frustrace, vertikála, Homér

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Boháček, Kryštof

2015-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 14 (2015), s. 34-55 ISSN 1803-7860 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : Euthyphro * Aleš Havlíček * Jan Patočka * vertical reading * anamnestic reading * homeric dialogues Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0259993

La galaxia NGC 6876 y su sistema de cúmulos globulares

Science.gov (United States)

Ennis, A. I.; Bassino, L. P.; Caso, J. P.

2017-10-01

We present preliminary results of the deep photometric study of the elliptical galaxy NGC6876, located at the center of the Pavo group, and its globular cluster system. We use images obtained with the GMOS camera mounted on the Gemini South telescope, in the and bands, with the purpose of disentangling the evolutionary history of the galaxy on the basis of their characteristics.

Intestinal protozoan parasites with zoonotic potential in birds.

Science.gov (United States)

Marietto-Gonçalves, G A; Fernandes, T M; Silva, R J; Lopes, R S; Andreatti Filho, R L

2008-10-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of potentially zoonotic intestinal protozoan infections in exotic and wildlife Brazilian birds. Fecal samples from 207 birds of 45 species were examined. Infections by Balantidium sp., Entamoeba sp., and Blastocystis sp. were observed in 17 individuals (8.2%) of Gnorimopsar chopi, Oryzoborus angolensis, Sporophila caerulescens, Ramphastos toco, Aratinga leucophtalmus, and Pavo cristatus.

Effects of dredged sediment disposal on the coastal marine macrobenthic assemblage in Southern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. G. Angonesi

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the deposition impact of dredged material from Patos lagoon estuary on a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in an adjacent coastal marine area. Nine sampling stations were chosen at random in the disposal area, and nine others in the same way in an adjacent control area. Samples were collected at a 19 m depth before sediment disposal (11 July 2000, during dredging and disposal operations (25 Oct. 2000, and three months thereafter (24 Aug. 2001. Statistical analysis indicated that sampling periods presented similar characteristics in both the control and disposal sites. Disposal of dredged sediment from Patos lagoon had no detectable detrimental effects upon macrobenthic faunal assemblage at the dumping site. This result is attributed both to adaptation of resident biota to dynamic sedimentary conditions and to the fine estuarine sediment dredged, the dispersion of which in the water column might have minimized sediment deposition and consequent damage to the benthic fauna.

El cuento americano: Güeno-mapu

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Carvajal

1966-02-01

Full Text Available Helechos. Susurran como el abanico del pavo real. Ahí están. En grupos o hileras sobre la huella rojiza que va al caserío. Junto a la selva. Lejos, adentro, a donde solo llegan a ramonear los vahuales. En la traba de pellines, ulmos y araucarias, rosal silvestre y zarza levantada en altura de lianas y cañaveral.

Caracterização de isolados de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis = Characterization of isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Luis Portz

2006-07-01

Full Text Available A bacteriose (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis e a doenca de maior importancia economica na cultura da mandioca. Para estudar a variabilidade genetica desta bacteria no Oeste do Parana, foram realizados levantamentos em Entre Rios do Oeste, Marechal Candido Rondon, Mercedes, Missal, Nova Santa Rosa e Pato Bragado. Os isolados foram caracterizados em relacao a atividade de amilase, ƒ¿ e ƒÀ-esterase e agressividade. Dos 61 materiais vegetais coletados, obtiveram-se 19 isolados da bacteria, com maior incidencia para variedades de mesa em relacao aqueles para industria. Manivas provenientes de Pato Bragado, Entre Rios do Oeste e Mercedes apresentaram incidencias de 10, 27 e 10%, respectivamente, valores inferiores aos de Marechal Candido Rondon (50% e Nova Santa Rosa (58%. Os isolados foram agrupados em cinco, seis e 12 grupos em relacao a capacidade amilolitica, agressividade e isoenzimas de esterase, respectivamente. Nao houve relacao entre atividade de amilase e agressividade. Isolados de Marechal Candido Rondon foram mais agressivos que os provenientes das outras regioes. O agrupamento com base em esterase permitiu verificar que isolados provenientes de Entre Rios do Oeste, Nova Santa Rosa e Mercedes apresentaram alto grau de similaridade. Estes resultados indicam haver diferenciacaoentre os isolados da bacteria presentes nos municipios amostrados.The bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis is the most important disease of cassava. To study the genetic variability of pathogen in the West of Parana, a research was carried out at Entre Rios do Oeste, Marechal Candido Rondon, Mercedes, Missal, Nova Santa Rosa and Pato Bragado. The isolates were characterized to amylase activity, ƒ¿ and ƒÀ-esterase and aggressiveness. From 61 collected materials, were obtained 19 bacterial isolates, with larger incidence for varieties of human consume than those for industry. Stems from Pato Bragado, Entre Rios do Oeste and Mercedes

A patologia da forma hépato-esplênica da esquistossomose mansoni em sua forma avançada (estudo de 232 necrópsias completas The pathology of the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis mansoni in its advanced form (study of 232 complete necropsies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zilton A. Andrade

1983-09-01

Full Text Available Uma análise de 232 necrópsias completas realizadas em portadores de esquistossomose hepática avançada evidenciou em todos a lesão constante e característica de fibrose periportal com alterações destrutivas e obstrutivas de ramos intra-hepáticos da veia porta. Geralmente esta lesão estava associada a sinais de hipertensão porta (esplenomegalia e varizes do esôfago, constitutindo-se na forma hépato-esplênica mas em 12 casos estes sinais não existiam (a forma hepática avançada. Ao passar para a fase descompensada da esquistossomose hépato-esplênica, o fígado geralmente exibia uma acentuação da fibrose ao lado de sinais de inflamação crônica ativa, mas não mostrava uma evolução para a cirrose difusa. A esplenomegalia se acompanhou de lesões congestivas crônicas e de evidências de hiperplasia celular, especialmente no setor fagocítico mononucelar. Excepecionalmente se superajuntou a tais lesões um linfoma tipo nodular, o qual tende a ocorrer em mulheres após os 45 anos de idade. O envolvimento intestinal foi muito menor do que se poderia esperar. As lesões mais salientes foram a fibrose peri-intestinal, qua não parece ter maior repercussão clínica, e, raramente, as lesões pseudoneoplásicas e os polipos. Uma complicação freqüente foi o cor pulmonale secundário às elsões de arterite pulmonar esquistossomótica, que apareceu em 44 casos (18,9%. O aparecimento de doença renal associada se deu em 15% dos casos e foi geralmente representada por glomerulonefrite crônica, o que se presume seja devido a um processo mediado por complexos imunes na esquistossomose. Muitos dos casos exibiam infecções intercorrentes, com algumas delas, como a salmonelose e a hepatite viral, tendendo a ter um curso mais prolongado. Assim a esquistossomose avançada se apresentou um processo que atinge fundamentalmente of fígado, mas que repercute em vários outros órgãos através uma patogenia variada, complexa, ainda não bem

Plant phenotype - Arabidopsis Phenome Database | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available of organs, tissues, development stages. The vocabulary is defined in Plant Ontology(PO). Qualities: Characte...ristics, attributes of entities. The vocabulary is defined in Phenotype Ontology(PATO). Data file File name:...w/riken_piam_phenome#en Data acquisition method Plant Ontology, Phenotype Ontology Data analysis method - Nu

The peacock's train (Pavo cristatus and Pavo cristatus mut. alba) I. structure, mechanics, and chemistry of the tail feather coverts.

Science.gov (United States)

Weiss, Ingrid M; Kirchner, Helmut O K

2010-12-01

The feathers in the train of the peacock serve not for flying but for sexual display. They are long, slender beams loaded in bending by their own weight. An outer circular conical shell, the cortex, is filled by a closed foam of 7.6% relative density, the medulla, both of feather keratin. Outer diameter and thickness of the cortex decrease linearly from the body toward the tip. This self-similar geometry leads to a division of labor. The cortex (longitudinal Young's modulus 3.3 GPa, transverse modulus 1 GPa) provides 96% of the longitudinal strength and bending rigidity of the feather. The medulla (Young's modulus 10 MPa) provides 96% of the transverse compressive rigidity. Fracture stress of the cortex, both longitudinal and transverse, is 120 MPa. Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.

Avaliação microbiológica, química e físico-química da contaminação do Rio Paranaíba / Microbiological, chemical and physical-chemical assessment of the contamination in the Paranaíba river

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antônio Taranto Goulart

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Some samples of Paranaíba river were collected, between July of 2004 and May of 2005, under abridge of BR-365 route (upstream Patos de Minas and under another one, Bigode’s bridge(downstream Patos de Minas, to evaluate a possible contamination, quantifying and qualifyingit. It was done physical-chemical analyses (OD, DBO, DQO, OG, ATA, pH and temperature,microbiological analyses (detection of the biological indicator Escherichia coli and chemicals toheavy metals (cupper, zinc, cadmium and lead. The physical-chemical analyses were done incooperation with Copasa-MG. Among them, only OG analyses have showed some variation. It wasa medium positive variation of 1 mg/L to the samples colleted downstream. Moreover, thecontamination of OG was set four times higher than Brazilian legislation (DN 10/86 allows. Themicrobiological analyses and the detection of heavy metals were done in the Centro Universitáriode Patos de Minas (UNIPAM laboratories. In order to detect E. coli it was used Lactose EC broth,the means agar EMB to the morphological identification and the Gram method. The medium resultdownstream pointed to the level of 3,62 NMP/mL, although it hasn’t overcome the boundaries ofBrazilian legislation (DN 10/86; it was 9,74 times over the result pointed upstream. One atomicabsorption spectrophotometer with flame of air/acetylene was used in order to detect heavy metals.Among them, lead analyses have showed higher levels, overcoming the boundaries of Brazilianlegislation (DN 10/86 to both sampling points. It has showed a medium positive concentration of0,0134 ppm (or 0,0527 times, or 5,27 % to the point downstream compared to another samplingpoint and exceeding 8,93 times the Brazilian legislation (DN 10/86.

PDF provisoire Publié le 25 Mars 2010 Cas Clinique, Volume 4 ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

cqq1a

25 mars 2010 ... La radiographie thoracique objectivait les éclats de plomb avec un épanchement pleural mixte. La tomodensitométrie thoraco-abdominale a mis en évidence une contusion hépatique (Figure 1) avec collection inter hépato diaphragmatique, associée à un hydro pneumothorax droit (Figure 2). Un drainage.

Noise pollution has limited effects on nocturnal vigilance in peahens

OpenAIRE

Yorzinski, Jessica L.; Hermann, Fredrick S.

2016-01-01

Natural environments are increasingly exposed to high levels of noise pollution. Noise pollution can alter the behavior of animals but we know little about its effects on antipredator behavior. We therefore investigated the impact of noise pollution on vigilance behavior and roost selection in an avian species, peafowl (Pavo cristatus), that inhabits urban environments. Captive peahens were exposed to noise pollution at night and their vigilance levels and roost selections were monitored. The...

Safety of fenbendazole in common peafowl (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Umar, Sajid; Abbas, Seema; Khan, Muhammad Irfan; Nisa, Qamarun; Younus, Muhammad; Aqil, Kiran; Qayyum, Rizwan; Yaqoob, Muhammad; Ali, Asif; Yaseen, Muhammad Asif; Shah, Muhammad Ali

2018-01-01

The present study was undertaken to find out the safety levels of fenbendazole in common peafowl. This bird, raised on aviaries and zoos, can be severely parasitized with Ascaridia galli (enteric worms) and Syngamus trachea (gapeworm) along with other parasitic worms. Fenbendazole is a highly effective benzimidazole-class anthelmintic in animals. The objective of this work was to provide target animal safety data in young peafowl and to demonstrate reproductive safety in adult birds. During the experimental study, diets containing fenbendazole at 0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm were fed for 21 days (three times the normal treatment duration). Data for feed consumption, feed conversion rate, and body weights were recorded for each bird in each group. Drug concentrations in different tissues of birds were determined to correlate concentrations with clinical observations, clinical pathology, and histologic findings. There were no morbidities or mortalities after study day 21. Additionally, there were no statistically significant treatment-related differences among above mentioned parameters. Analysis of fenbendazole concentrations in kidney, liver, leg/thigh, and breast muscle and skin with associated fat revealed that, even at the highest dose level used and with no feed withdrawal, fenbendazole concentrations were relatively low in these tissues. These findings indicate that fenbendazole has a relatively wide margin of safety in young peafowl and that the proposed dose of 100 ppm in the feed for 7 consecutive days is well within the margin of safety. In the reproductive safety study, five breeder peafowl farms fed fendbendazole at 100ppm for 7 days and collected data on hatching percentage of peahen eggs before and after treatment. Reproductive performance in peahen was not adversely affected.

Desempenho de famílias e híbridos comerciais de tomateiro para processamento industrial com irrigação por gotejamento Evaluation of tomato families and commercial hybrids for processing using drip irrigation system

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José O.M. Carvalho

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliadas e selecionadas as famílias provenientes do programa de melhoramento do tomateiro da UFU, com potencial para processamento industrial e comparados seus desempenhos com os híbridos mais utilizados pelos produtores na região de Patos de Minas. O ensaio foi conduzido na EE Fazenda Barreiro da Unilever Bestfoods Brasil, em Patos de Minas. Utilizaram-se 30 famílias de tomateiro e os híbridos Heinz 9553, Heinz 7155N2 e Hypeel 108. As Parcelas constituíram-se de linhas duplas espaçadas 0,5 m entre si, com 10 m de comprimento, irrigadas por gotejamento. O espaçamento entre as linhas duplas foi de 1,3 m e a população de 27 mil plantas por hectare. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. A semeadura foi realizada em 19/05/01. O rendimento de polpa mostrou correlações fenotípicas e genotípicas positivas com a produção total, produção de frutos comerciais, % de sólidos solúveis totais, coloração do suco, número de frutos maduros por planta e pH e negativa com acidez total titulável. Destacaram-se a família UFU 06 e os três híbridos comerciais.Tomato families originated from the processing tomato breeding program of the Universidade Federal de Uberlandia were evaluated and selected and compared to the performance with the most planted hybrids in Patos de Minas, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in the E. E. Barreiro, Unilever Bestfoods, in Patos de Minas. Thirty tomato families and the hybrids Heinz 9553, Heinz 7155N2 and Hypeel 108 were used. Experimental plots consisted of two lines, each one 10 m long, spaced 0,5 m from each other and irrigated with drip irrigation. The space between each double row was 1,3 m and the population of 27 thousand plants per hectare. The experimental design was a randomised complete block with four repetitions, installed on 05/19/01. The paste yield showed positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation with total fruit yield, commercial fruit

Optimal Installation Locations for Automated External Defibrillators in Taipei 7-Eleven Stores: Using GIS and a Genetic Algorithm with a New Stirring Operator

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Chung-Yuan Huang

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Immediate treatment with an automated external defibrillator (AED increases out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA patient survival potential. While considerable attention has been given to determining optimal public AED locations, spatial and temporal factors such as time of day and distance from emergency medical services (EMSs are understudied. Here we describe a geocomputational genetic algorithm with a new stirring operator (GANSO that considers spatial and temporal cardiac arrest occurrence factors when assessing the feasibility of using Taipei 7-Eleven stores as installation locations for AEDs. Our model is based on two AED conveyance modes, walking/running and driving, involving service distances of 100 and 300 meters, respectively. Our results suggest different AED allocation strategies involving convenience stores in urban settings. In commercial areas, such installations can compensate for temporal gaps in EMS locations when responding to nighttime OHCA incidents. In residential areas, store installations can compensate for long distances from fire stations, where AEDs are currently held in Taipei.

Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans isolated from droppings of captive birds in Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Irokanulo, E O; Makinde, A A; Akuesgi, C O; Ekwonu, M

1997-04-01

The yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans, was found in apparently healthy birds at the Jos Wildlife Park and Zoo in Jos, Nigeria. Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans was isolated from feces of four captive bird species. Five isolates belonged to serotype A while two were serotype D. Serotype A of C. neoformans was isolated from a white face duck (Dendrocygna viduata), eagle owl (Bubo africanus cinerascene) and peacock (Pavo cristatus). The other two (serotype D), were isolated from a spotted eagle owl.

Thermoregulatory postures limit antipredator responses in peafowl

OpenAIRE

Jessica L. Yorzinski; Jennifer Lam; Rachel Schultz; Melissa Davis

2018-01-01

Many animals inhabit environments where they experience temperature fluctuations. One way in which animals can adjust to these temperature changes is through behavioral thermoregulation. However, we know little about the thermal benefits of postural changes and the costs they may incur. In this study, we examined the thermoregulatory role of two postures, the head-tuck and leg-tuck posture, in peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and evaluated whether the head-tuck posture imposes a predation cost. The h...

Cine de las Americas / Peeter Riba

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Riba, Peeter, 1967-

2004-01-01

Tallinna VIII Pimedate Ööde Filmifestivali filme - Ladina-Ameerika mängufilmid "Jumalate linn" ("Cidade de Deus") : režissöör Fernando Meirelles : Brasiilia 2002 ; "Pardihooaeg" ("Temporada de patos") : režissöör Fernando Eimbcke : Mehhiko 2004 ; "Teiselpool tänavat" ("O outro lado da rua") : režissöör Marcos Bernstein : Brasiilia 2004

Phosphated minerals to be used as radioactive reference materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braganca, M.J.C.S.; Tauhata, L.; Clain, A.F.; Moreira, I.

2003-01-01

The production and the supplying of certified reference materials, or deliberated contaminated materials containing natural radionuclides for laboratories which analyses environmental samples are fundamentals for the correct measurements of their radioactive levels. This analysis quality represents a important step for the safeguards of the population health, and quality control of the imported and exported products, such as minerals, agricultural and raw materials. The phosphate rocks, containing significant concentrations of thorium, and used as raw material and fertilizers justified a study for better characterization and distinction to be used cas certified reference radioactive materials. Therefore, samples from the two carboanalytical-alkaline chimneys (Araxa and Catalao), and one from metasedimentar origin (Patos de Minas), distant 100 km from each other, were collected and chemical and cholecystographic characterized by optical emission, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. The element concentrations were determined by neutron activation analysis, ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The results, after multivariate statistical analysis and study of correlations among elements, have shown geochemical similarities of the phosphates from Araxa and Catalao, and differences from Patos de Minas, despite of the geographic proximity. The concentration of thorium between 200 and 500 (mg/g) allows to use such minerals as reference materials

Correlation study of chemical elements in phosphate ores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Braganca, Maura Julia Camara da Silva

1999-07-01

Geological phenomena, 1) endogenous (volcanism, magmatic flow, metasomatism); 2) metamorphic (resultant of action of high temperature and pressure) and; 3) exogenous (intemperism, contamination) can modify the chemical composition of rocks soils. Thus, chemical elements with little mobility can be used as indicators of the previous geological situation before the occurrence of these phenomena and can sign the chemical composition of the initial formation. The elements with great mobility can already be used as indicators of the characteristic and intensity of the changes, can point out the influence factors and its space and time conditions. In this work the results of the study of phosphated samples ores coming from two alkaline-carbonatitic chimneys (Araxa and Catalao) and from a meta sedimentary rock (Patos de Minas), located phosphate rock deposit, are presented. The results were obtained using the instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ICP-AES techniques. A comparison of the three types of samples ores, using chemical, crystallographic and statistical methods, shows that the Araxa and Catalao present some geochemical similarities and they are distinguished of Patos de Minas, despite its geographic proximity. (author)

Ventana a la Farmacología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Luisa Cárdenas Muñoz

1996-04-01

Full Text Available Terfenadina: no debe usarse con eritromicina: La terfenadina es un antihistamínico de segunda generación, cuyo uso se ha generalizado por producir menos sedación que los antihistamínicos de primera generación.  / Uso y abuso de corticoides tópicos oculares: A finales de la década de los cuarenta Kench y Kendall introdujeron la cortisona en la terapéutica humana, simultáneamente comenzó a ser utilizada con éxito en las inflamaciones oculares. /  Trastornos de pánico: pato fisiología y tratamiento: El tratamiento farmacológico del pánico se conoce y utiliza desde los años sesenta. Sinembargo, la comprensión del origen biológico de su pato fisiología sólo se comenzó a entender en años recientes. / Acido Acetil Salicilico y riesgo de Cancer Colorecal en mujeres: Evidencias muy importantes sugieren que el uso regular de ácido acetil salicílico (ASA y otros antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE disminuye el riesgo de cáncer colorectal.

Phosphated minerals to be used as radioactive reference materials; Minerais fosfatados para serem utilizados como materiais de referencia radioativos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Braganca, M.J.C.S.; Tauhata, L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria (IRD/CNEN-RJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Lab. Nacional de Metrologia das Radiacoes Ionizantes (LNMRI); Clain, A.F. [Universidade Severino Sombra, Vassouras, RJ (Brazil); Moreira, I. [Pontificia Univ. Catolica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC/Rio), RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica

2003-07-01

The production and the supplying of certified reference materials, or deliberated contaminated materials containing natural radionuclides for laboratories which analyses environmental samples are fundamentals for the correct measurements of their radioactive levels. This analysis quality represents a important step for the safeguards of the population health, and quality control of the imported and exported products, such as minerals, agricultural and raw materials. The phosphate rocks, containing significant concentrations of thorium, and used as raw material and fertilizers justified a study for better characterization and distinction to be used cas certified reference radioactive materials. Therefore, samples from the two carboanalytical-alkaline chimneys (Araxa and Catalao), and one from metasedimentar origin (Patos de Minas), distant 100 km from each other, were collected and chemical and cholecystographic characterized by optical emission, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence. The element concentrations were determined by neutron activation analysis, ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The results, after multivariate statistical analysis and study of correlations among elements, have shown geochemical similarities of the phosphates from Araxa and Catalao, and differences from Patos de Minas, despite of the geographic proximity. The concentration of thorium between 200 and 500 (mg/g) allows to use such minerals as reference materials.

[Susceptibility of birds other than chickens to infectious laryngotracheitis].

Science.gov (United States)

Hilbink, F W

1985-06-01

Susceptibility to infectious laryngotracheitis virus was studied in peafowl (Pavo cristatus), various species of pheasant (Phasianus colchicus, Lophura swinhoeii, Lophophorus impejanus), guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris), canaries (Serinus canaria), budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) and Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnic japonica). Apart from clinical observations, experiments were evaluated in terms of histopathology, immunofluorescence, serology and recovery of virus. Only peafowl and pheasants were found to be susceptible, pheasants responding more strongly than chickens to ocular vaccination and intratracheal inoculation. The other species were found to be refractory.

A síndrome anserina Anserine syndrome

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Milton Helfenstein Jr

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Dor no joelho é uma condição comum na clínica diária e a patologia anserina, também conhecida como pata de ganso, tem sido considerada uma das principais causas. O diagnóstico tem sido realizado de maneira eminentemente clínica, o que tem gerado equívocos. Os pacientes queixam-se tipicamente de dor na parte medial do joelho, com sensibilidade na porção ínferomedial. Estudos de imagem têm sido realizados para esclarecer se tais pacientes possuem bursite, tendinite ou ambos os distúrbios na região conhecida como pata de ganso. Entretanto, o defeito estrutural responsável pelos sintomas permanece desconhecido, motivo pelo qual preferimos intitular como "Síndrome Anserina". O diabetes mellitus é um fator predisponente bem reconhecido. O sobrepeso e a osteoartrite de joelho parecem ser fatores adicionais de risco, contudo, seus papéis na gênese da moléstia ainda não são bem entendidos. O tratamento atual inclui anti-inflamatório, fisioterapia e infiltração de corticoide, com evolução muito variável, que oscila entre 10 dias e 36 meses. A falta de conhecimento sobre a etiofisiopatologia e dados epidemiológicos exige futuros estudos para esse frequente e intrigante distúrbio.Knee pain is a common complaint in clinical practice, and pes anserinus tendino-bursitis syndrome (PATB has been frequently diagnosed based only on clinical features that may cause equivocal interpretations. Patients complain of characteristic spontaneous medial knee pain with tenderness in the inferomedial aspect of the joint. Studies with different imaging modalities have been undertaken during the last years to identify whether these patients suffer from bursitis, tendinitis, or both. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the structural defect responsible for this disturbance. Due to these problems and some controversies, we suggest the term "anserine syndrome" for this condition. Diabetes Mellitus is a known predisposing factor for this syndrome

ARQUEOFAUNA DEL SITIO ARQUEOLÓGICO EL PIÑÓN, CULTURA BOLAÑOS, JALISCO, MÉXICO/Archaeofauna of the archaeological site “El Piñón”, Cultura Bolaños, Jalisco, México.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernardo Rodríguez Galicia

2012-11-01

Full Text Available La cultura Bolaños comprende diversas comunidades humanas que se asentaron en uno de los cañones que forman la Sierra Madre Occidental y se ubica, cronológicamente, entre el año 100 a.C. y llega al 1260 de nuestra era, extendiéndose desde el sur de Zacatecas hasta llegar a la desembocadura del río Grande de Santiago, en el centro de Jalisco, México. La base de su desarrollo fue el intercambio de artefactos por productos y materias primas que no existían en la región del occidente mexicano. Aquí el estudio arqueozoológico realizado con las colecciones de restos óseos obtenidos de las excavaciones efectuadas en el sitio arqueológico “El Piñón”, y su correspondiente interpretación, permitió reconstruir tanto el ambiente natural como el cultural suscitado en el pasado. La fauna identificada consistió, en un primer análisis preliminar, en poco más de 3333 especímenes óseos, entre huesos y dientes no modificados, y alterados por cocción, cremación o trabajados, los cuales correspondieron a más de 250 individuos, entre los que se pueden mencionar: conejos, liebres, ardillas, tuzas (topos, perros, pumas, linces, pecaríes, venados, guajolotes (pavos, patos, codornices y guacamayas verdes, entre otros vertebrados que son comunes al ambiente semiseco-templado que prevalece en la región de Zacatecas-Jalisco.   Abstract   The Bolaños culture is made up of many human communities that established in one of the western Sierra Madre canyons, Mexico. Their occupations are chronologically dated between 100 years BC and 1260 years AD, and extended from southern Zacatecas to the mouth of the Rio Grande of Santiago, in the center of Jalisco, Mexico. The basis of their development was the exchange of artifacts for products and raw material that didn’t exist in the western Mexican region. Here, the archaeozoological study performed with the bone remains recovered in excavations from the “El Piñon” archaeological site is

Case series

African Journals Online (AJOL)

abp

3 janv. 2013 ... Abstract. La maladie de Wilson ou dégénérescence hépato-lenticulaire est une affection génétique autosomique récessive caractérisée par une accumulation toxique de cuivre dans l'organisme, essentiellement dans le foie, le système nerveux central et la cornée. L'objectif de ce travail était de soulever.

The Coastal Dynamics of Heterogeneous Sedimentary Environments: Numerical Modeling of Hydrodynamics and Mass Transport in Estuaries

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-12

Medina, et al. (2006). "The Prestige oil spill in Cantabria (Bay of Biscay). Part I: Operational forecasting system for quick response, risk assessment...estuaries (Kostoglidis, Pattiaratchi et al. 2005), macrotidal estuaries (Yang, Eisma et al. 2000), and estuaries with fringing mangrove swamps...the Atchafalaya Bay system (Cobb, Keen et al. 2008), and Patos Lagoon, Brazil . The model current fields used in the Papua New Guinea study (Keen, Ko

Comparison between different methodologies of environmental sensitivity classification for lagoons; Comparacao entre diferentes metodologias de classificacao do indice de sensibilidade do litoral a derramamentos de oleo para ambientes lagunares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lacerda, Carine; Cabral, Alexandre; Griep, Gilberto Henrique [Fundacao Universidade do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS (Brazil)

2008-07-01

This paper aims to show a brief presentation about the variation of Environmental Sensibility Index (ISL) to west coast of Patos Lagoon, in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, between the seasons winter and summer. Furthermore, it compares two different methodologies for Sensibility Classification: the first one, for fluvial environments, which was suggested by PETROBRAS, 2006 and other one for either coastal and tidal environments, suggested by Environmental Ministry, 2002. (author)

Habitat selection of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in an estuary in southern Brazil: influence of salinity and submerged seagrass meadows

OpenAIRE

Ruas, Vinicius Mendes; Rodrigues, Marcos Alaniz; Dumont, Luiz Felipe Cestari; D'Incao, Fernando

2014-01-01

This study was conducted in two estuarine inlets (Saco da Mangueira and Saco do Arraial) at the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. The changes in relative abundance and size of post-larvae and juvenile shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and juvenile blue crab Callinectes sapidus were compared, considering the influence of salinity and the presence of submerged seagrass meadows. The analyses were performed using generalized linear models (GLM) for abundance variations and A...

Malófagos (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera em aves cativas no sudeste do Brasil Chewing lice (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Ischnocera on captive birds in southeastern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salete Oliveira da Silva

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Foram identificadas 12 espécies de malófagos no Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, Sorocaba e Fundação Jardim Zoológico, Rio de Janeiro. Ciconiphilus pectiniventris em Cygnus atratus (Anseriformes, Anatidae; Kurodaia sp. em Buteo albicaudatus (Falconiformes, Accipitridae; Degeeriella sp. em Falco sparverius (Falconiformes, Falconidae; Colpocephalum sp. e Goniocotes parviceps em Pavo cristatus (Galliformes, Phasianidae; Goniodes pavonis em Rhea americana (Rheiformes, Rheidae; Colpocephalum cristatae e Heptapsogaster sp. em Cariama cristata (Gruiformes, Cariamidae; Austrophilopterus cancellosus em Ramphastos dicolorus (Piciformes, Ramphastidae; Strigiphilus crucigerus em Otus choliba (Strigiformes, Strigidae; Kurodaia sp. em Rhinoptynx clamator (Strigiformes, Strigidae e Colpocephalum pectinatum em Speotyto cunicularia (Strigiformes, Strigidae. As relações parasito hospedeiros em Strigiformes são novas no Brasil.Twelve chewing lice species were identified in Parque Zoológico Municipal Quinzinho de Barros, Sorocaba and Fundação Jardim Zoológico, Rio de Janeiro. The parasites found were: Ciconiphilus pectiniventris in Cygnus atratus (Anseriformes, Anatidae; Kurodaia sp. in Buteo albicaudatus (Falconiformes, Accipitridae; Degeeriella sp. in Falco sparverius (Falconiformes, Falconidae; Colpocephalum sp. and Goniocotes parviceps in Pavo cristatus (Galliformes, Phasianidae; Goniodes pavonis in Rhea americana (Rheiformes, Rheidae; Colpocephalum cristatae and Heptapsogaster sp. in Cariama cristata (Gruiformes, Cariamidae; Austrophilopterus cancellosus in Ramphastos dicolorus (Piciformes, Ramphastidae; Strigiphilus crucigerus in Otus choliba (Strigiformes, Strigidae; Kurodaia sp. in Rhinoptynx clamator (Strigiformes, Strigidae and Colpocephalum pectinatum in Speotyto cunicularia (Strigiformes, Strigidae. The host-lice relationships are new in Strigiformes in Brazil.

Atividade anti-fúngica do neem e jurema-preta sobre cepas de Candida spp isolados de vacas com mastite subclínica no Estado de Pernambuco

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Andréia V. Pereira

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade anti-fungica (in vitro do neem (Azadiracta indica A. Juss. e de jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora (Wild Poir. sobre cepas de Candida spp. isoladas de casos de mastite subclínica em vacas no Estado de Pernambuco. As folhas do neem foram coletadas em árvores de fazendas do município de Patos-PB e a casca da jurema-preta foi coletada na UFCG, Campus de Patos e preparados extratos etanólicos. As amostras de Candida spp. foram coletadas de leite de vacas com mastite subclínica e semeadas em placas de Petri contendo ágar-base acrescido de 5% de sangue desfibrinado de ovino Sabouraud. As placas foram incubadas em estufa bacteriológica a 37 ºC e a leitura foi realizada com 24 e 48 h. Os ensaios foram realizados em duplicata e o resultado final foi determinado pela média aritmética dos halos de inibição. A avaliação microbiológica destes ensaios demonstrou que o extrato da casca da jurema-preta apresentou atividade antifúngica bastante satisfatória sobre a levedura de C. albicans, proporcionando resultado superior aos obtidos com o extrato do neem e fluconazol.

A new species of Labidocera (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pontellidae) collected from Okinawa, southwestern Japan, with establishment of five Indo-West Pacific species groups in the L.detruncata species complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Hirabayashi, Takeshi; Ohtsuka, Susumu

2014-01-01

Labidocerachuraumi sp. n. is described from Okinawa, southwestern Japan. The female of the new species differs from other congeners in genital compound somite with right postero-lateral and left antero-lateral processes. The male is distinguished from other congeners by the structure of the fifth leg. This new species is assigned to a newly proposed species group, the Labidoceramadurae species group, within the Labidoceradetruncata species complex. In this species complex five Indo-West Pacific species groups are recognized (cervi, detruncata, gangetica, madurae, and pavo) and defined on the basis of difference in sexual dimorphism.

Jak vzniká něco nového? Založení a transcendence

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Puc, Jan

2017-01-01

Roč. 72, č. 4 (2017), s. 259-270 ISSN 0046-385X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GAP401/11/1747 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : institution * transcendence * creativity * temporality * emergence * novelty * Husserl * Patočka * Merleau-Ponty * Bergson * phenomenology * expressivity Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology http://www.klemens.sav.sk/fiusav/doc/filozofia/2017/4/259-270.pdf

Influência de um cultivo de camarão sobre o metabolismo bêntico e a qualidade da água Influence of shrimp cultivation on the benthic metabolism and water quality

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ubiratan de Freitas

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Atividades de cultivo de camarão tendem a aumentar a taxa de sedimentação de matéria orgânica nos corpos hídricos receptores de seus efluentes, devido à excessiva produção de produtos de excreção e sobras de ração. Dependendo das condições ambientais, o sistema pode não apresentar condições de autodepuração, gerando um grande acúmulo de nutrientes ao longo da camada sedimentar e intensificação do metabolismo bêntico levando, muitas vezes, o ambiente a um processo de eutrofização e possível situação de anoxia. Utilizaram-se, no presente estudo, incubações in situ com câmaras bentônicas transparentes e opacas, para avaliar o metabolismo bêntico em uma área de cultivo de camarão no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, RS. Ficou evidente a existência de uma clara interferência do cultivo nos processos de regeneração bêntica de nutrientes, incrementando os fluxos de nitrogênio (na forma de amônio e fósforo (fosfato. Embora a interferência desta atividade se tenha mostrado de abrangência local e temporária (apenas 4 a 5 meses do ano, é conveniente salientar que ela ganha maior importância em locais rasos e de circulação restrita, como é o caso de baías e enseadas, locais em que o cultivo de camarão é desenvolvido no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos.Shrimp farming activities tend to increase the organic matter sedimentation rate, by extreme inputs of excreta products and shrimp food (commercial shrimp diet into the environment. In certain environmental conditions, the auto-depuration system can be surpassed, generating a high production of nutrients at the sedimentary layer as a result of benthic metabolism intensification. Consequently the system can be induced to a eutrophication processes and anoxia. In the present study, in situ incubations with transparent and opaque chambers have been used to evaluate the benthic metabolism in semi-intensive shrimp farming areas in the Patos Lagoon Estuary (pen

Influence of the age on hematological parameters of Sindi cattle (Bos indicus in Paraíba backwoods

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Luciano José Bezerra Delfino

2014-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Delfino L.J.B., de Souza B.B., Silva W.W., Ferreira A.F. & Soares C.E.A. Influence of the age on hematological parameters of Sindi cattle (Bos indicus in Paraíba backwoods. [Influência da idade nos parâmetros hematológicos do gado Sindi (Bos indicus no sertão paraibano.] Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 36(3:266-270, 2014. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, Av. Universitária, s/n, Santa Cecília, Patos, PB 58708-110, Brasil. Email: zulu_vet@hotmail.com The aim this work was to establish reference values of the hemogram of Sindi cattle raised in Paraiba backwood and evaluate the influence of same age, on blood samples we collected from 60 clinically healthy animals, being 30 females and 30 males, with the following age groups: Group I: 6 - 24 months, Group II: 24 - 48 months and Group III: up to 48 months. The experiment was conducted at the Center for Research and Development for the Semiarid Tropics (NUPEÁRIDO and the Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Health Center and Rural Technology (CSTR, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Campus de Patos-PB. Blood samples were placed in tubes containing EDTA (tetracético-ethylenediamine-di-sodium as an anticoagulant were performed the following tests: counting the number of red blood cells, packed cell volume (PCV, Hemoglobin (Hb content, calculations of absolute Erythrocyte count (RBC, Mean corpuscular volume (MCV and Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (CHGH. Held global count and differential leukocyte such as segmented neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Reference values for erythrocyte count (RBC, hematocrit (PCV, hemoglobin (Hb, MCV and CHGH were, respectively, (6375 to 13,400 X106 / MM3 , (32 – 50 %, (9 - 15 G/DL (37 – 60 µ3, (23 to 33 µµG. And for the WBC were obtained the following results: WBC (5270 to 17,170 UL, segmented neutrophils (from 1360 to 5780

Albania, offshore subscribed, offering EOR opportunities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

This paper reports that Albania is starting a campaign to offer field development/enhanced recovery projects to foreign companies. The fields chosen for EOR projects and their producing lithologies are: Patos-Marinza, sandstone. Kucova-Arrza, sandstone. Gorisht-Kocul, limestone. Ballsh-Hekal, limestone. Cakran-Mollaj, limestone. Visoka, limestone. Delvina, limestone. Field locations mostly lie along Albania's Adriatic Sea coast. Oil production began in Albania in 1929, peaked at about 60,000 b/d in 1975 and has steadily fallen

First record of Amphisbaena mertensi Strauch, 1881 (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) in Minas Gerais state, Brazil

OpenAIRE

Silveira, Adriano; Brites, Vera; Valinhas e Valinhas, Raquel

2012-01-01

We present here the first record of Amphisbaena mertensi in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. Through analysis of scientific collections, we found specimens of A. mertensi from municipalities of Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Indianópolis, Uberlândia and Araguari, in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba regions. These localities are inserted in the Cerrado biome, with Atlantic Forest enclaves, and represent an expansion of the previously known geographic distribution for the species.

A new species of Labidocera (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pontellidae collected from Okinawa, southwestern Japan, with establishment of five Indo-West Pacific species groups in the L. detruncata species complex

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Takeshi Hirabayashi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Labidocera churaumi sp. n. is described from Okinawa, southwestern Japan. The female of the new species differs from other congeners in genital compound somite with right postero-lateral and left antero-lateral processes. The male is distinguished from other congeners by the structure of the fifth leg. This new species is assigned to a newly proposed species group, the L. madurae species group, within the L. detruncata species complex. In this species complex five Indo-West Pacific species groups are recognized (cervi, detruncata, gangetica, madurae, and pavo and defined on the basis of difference in sexual dimorphism.

A new species of Labidocera (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pontellidae) collected from Okinawa, southwestern Japan, with establishment of five Indo-West Pacific species groups in the L. detruncata species complex

Science.gov (United States)

Hirabayashi, Takeshi; Ohtsuka, Susumu

2014-01-01

Abstract Labidocera churaumi sp. n. is described from Okinawa, southwestern Japan. The female of the new species differs from other congeners in genital compound somite with right postero-lateral and left antero-lateral processes. The male is distinguished from other congeners by the structure of the fifth leg. This new species is assigned to a newly proposed species group, the Labidocera madurae species group, within the Labidocera detruncata species complex. In this species complex five Indo-West Pacific species groups are recognized (cervi, detruncata, gangetica, madurae, and pavo) and defined on the basis of difference in sexual dimorphism. PMID:25349514

Normal xeroradiographic and radiographic anatomy of the bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus), with reference to other galliform species

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, B.J.; Smith, S.A.

1991-01-01

The purpose of this study was to provide a reference for xeroradiographic and conventional radiographic anatomy of the bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) as a representative of the avian order Galliformes. The heads, bodies, wings, and pelvic limbs of four adult birds were radiographed using xeroradiographic and conventional radiographic techniques. Nine xeroradiographs and their corresponding conventional radiographs were selected, and the xeroradiographs labeled to illustrate the normal anatomy of these regions. A xeroradiograph of the tarsometatarsus of the domestic peacock (Pavo cristatus) was also included to demonstrate the metatarsal spur, which is not present in the quail

Acceptance of fish hamburgers in school meals in the Southwest Region of Paraná, Brazil

OpenAIRE

Leandra Schuastz BREDA; Anne Caroline BELUSSO; Barbara Arruda NOGUEIRA; Guilherme Holub CAMARGO; Marina Leite MITTERER-DALTOÉ

2017-01-01

Abstract The regular consumption of fish provides health gains for people, and its introduction in school meals is an important strategy to insert the habit of consuming this food by a population. Thus the objective of this study was to verify the acceptance of fish, presented in the form of hamburger, by children in municipal primary schools in the town of Pato Branco, Brazil, in which the school cooks had been trained to produce fish hamburgers. Acceptance was evaluated using a hedonic scal...

Futebol profissional: o mercado e as práticas de liberdade

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Sérgio Settani Giglio

2013-09-01

Full Text Available A proposta deste artigo foi entender a relação entre a estrutura vigente do futebol profissional, que coloca os atletas em um mercado de trabalho restrito, e as práticas de liberdade como forma de posicionamento dos atletas diante da estrutura que, ao mesmo tempo, valida e controla as suas carreiras. Dessa forma, o texto foi estruturado de modo a discutir o Esporte Moderno e o controle que a Federação Internacional de Futebol (FIFA exerce sobre futebol profissional, a mercadorização e a circulação dos jogadores brasileiros em busca dos mercados futebolísticos no exterior. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, as práticas de liberdade foram discutidas a partir de dois episódios envolvendo os jogadores Neymar e Paulo Henrique Ganso, para entender como as suas reivindicações seguem rumos distintos. Como resultado as práticas de liberdade no futebol consistem na ação dos atletas em não se deixarem reduzir à condição de "peça" ou de "mercadoria".

Sundhedsbrøken der blev væk

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hollnagel, H.; Malterud, K.

1995-01-01

I artiklen beskrives vejen fra idé til projekt om selvvurderede helbredsressourcer. Der tages udgangspunkt i "sundhedsbrøken" beskrevet i de almenmedicinske lærebøger fra 1977: Hvis en persons belastninger gennem længere tid er for store i forhold til personens ressourcer, så er personens helbred......? Som læger er vi vant til den patogenetiske synsvinkel (pato=syg, genese=oprindelse) og spørger, hvordan opstår sygdom? Hvordan kan vi helbrede og forebygge sygdom? Udgivelsesdato: 1995...

La influenza aviar y el riesgo de infección en seres humanos

OpenAIRE

Vargas, Javier

2005-01-01

La gripe aviar es una infección causada por el virus influenza de aves. La infección ocurre de manera natural entre aves silvestres, las cuales portan el virus en su vía digestiva. Ocasionalmente pueden transmitirla a aves domésticas como gallinas, patos, palomas, etc. las cuales pueden enfermar y ocacionalmente morir. Comúnmente los virus de la influenza aviar no infectan a los seres humanos sin embargo desde 1997, se han documentado casos de infección humana.

Characterization of brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency

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Cristiano Lemes da Silva

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Nitrogen (N management in wheat crop is one of the most studied agricultural practices in Brazil; however, there are few reports on its use efficiency. The objective of this study was to characterize 18 Brazilian wheat cultivars, which are representative and have been recently released to cultivation, for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE. The experiments were carried out in Pato Branco, Paraná, and Coxilha, Rio Grande do Sul, during the 2011 crop season. It was used a randomized block design with three replications, in factorial scheme (2 environments × 18 cultivars. Genetic variability was observed for nitrogen utilization efficiency by grains (NUtEg=47.6 to 81.1 kg kg-1 and nitrogen harvest index (NHI=71.3 to 84.6% with significant effects relating to the environment of cultivation and performance of these traits. The evaluation of the protein concentration of grain by near infrared spectrometry (GPC N produced equivalent results to the direct analytical method of Kjeldahl (GPC K, in Pato Branco (r=0.56 and Coxilha (RS (r=0.80. However the CPG N overestimated the protein values by 16.85%. The GPC and protein yield were positively correlated with NUtEg and NHI. The best performance for the traits associated with NUE was observed for the following cultivars: Mirante, Quartzo, Fundacep Cristalino, Fundacep Raízes and CD 150. This is the first report of differences between Brazilian wheat cultivars for nitrogen use efficiency.

Česká próza v periodě 1945-1948

OpenAIRE

HÜBELBAUEROVÁ, Kristýna

2013-01-01

The thesis focuses on the reception of existentialism in the Czech entourage in 1945-1948. The theoretical part of the chapter is dedicated to Václav Černý and his understanding of existensialism. We are going to be focusing on the professional and theoretical texts from Jaroslav Červinka, Jindřich Chalupecký, Václav Navrátil, Jan Patočka and Ladislav Rieger, which are processing the theme. In the practical part we are going to analyze the pieces from Dušan Pala, Miroslav Hanuš and Egon Hosto...

Los humedales del sur de Córdoba: un espacio para la síntesis en las relaciones hombre-naturaleza

OpenAIRE

Naranjo-Ramírez, J.

2009-01-01

Breve consideración de las lagunas y humedales del sur de Córdoba como espacios en los que han coincidido unos valores naturales excepcionales (último reducto, por ejemplo, de especies en peligro de extinción, como el pato malvasía) y una actividad humana secular y muy intensiva. La situación actual de estos espacios naturales protegidos es precisamente heredera de la confluencia (a veces traumática y escabrosa) de ambas realidades, las propiamente naturales y las influencias antrópicas. Se c...

Dinâmica afectiva e performance intelectual em crianças e adolescentes submetidos a transplante hepático e com insuficiência hepática crónica: estudo exploratório

OpenAIRE

Assunção, Carina Pina

2015-01-01

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Psicopatologia e Psicoterapias Dinâmicas), apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra A vivência de um processo insuficiência hepática crónica, no caso pediátrico (crianças e adolescentes), especialmente, quando culmina na irrevogabilidade de transplante, faz-se acompanhar de uma multiplicidade de repercussões psicossociais, como sendo a expressão de sintomatologia psico(pato)lógica, e...

A new species of Microglanis (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae from upper rio Paraná basin, Brazil

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Oscar Akio Shibatta

Full Text Available Microglanis garavelloi, new species, collected in tributaries of rio Paranapanema and rio Tietê, is the first species of the genus described from upper rio Paraná basin. The new species can be distinguished from other species of Microglanis on morphometric characters, color pattern, caudal-fin shape, pectoral-spine morphology and lateral line development. Characters used specifically to distinguish M. garavelloi from M. cottoides (laguna dos Patos and rio Uruguay basins and M. parahybae (rio Paraíba do Sul basin include morphometrics, color pattern and pectoral-spine serration.

SNPs in PPARG associate with type 2 diabetes and interact with physical activity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Oskari Kilpeläinen, Tuomas; Lakka, Timo A; Laaksonen, David E

2008-01-01

To study the associations of seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the interactions of the SNPs with physical activity (PA).......To study the associations of seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the interactions of the SNPs with physical activity (PA)....

Study of the responsible factors for the closure of an intermittent washout during a storm surge, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

OpenAIRE

Serpa, Christian Garcia; Romeu, Marco Antônio Rígola; Fontoura, Jose Antonio Scotti; Calliari, Lauro Julio; Melo Filho, Eloi; Albuquerque, Miguel da Guia

2011-01-01

The washouts are water courses essential to the drainage of the water accumulated in the backshore zone, and are responsible for great ruptures in the dunes field. They supply the swash zone with large amounts of sediment. The study area is located a few kilometers south of the Patos Lagoon Inlet. This study measures the contribution of the wind, the waves, the atmospheric pressure and the tide on the elevation of the sea level in a period when the beach has suffered the impact of a storm sur...

Estudios bioarqueológios de marcadores de estrés ocupacional en cazadores recolectores pampeanos del holoceno temprano-medio: Análisis de la serie Esqueletal de arroyo seco 2

OpenAIRE

Scabuzzo, Clara

2012-01-01

El objetivo general de este trabajo es, desde una perspectiva bioarqueológica, aproximarse a los modos de vida de los cazadores recolectores, a partir del análisis de las actividades físicas cotidianas. Específicamente se plantea llevar a cabo el estudio de los marcadores de estrés ocupacional (M.E.O). Estas marcas de actividad, que quedan registradas en el esqueleto como consecuencia del uso del cuerpo y de los patrones de actividad física de los individuos, pueden ser tanto de carácter pato...

Pathotyping of a Newcastle disease virus isolated from peacock (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Vijayarani, K; Muthusamy, S; Tirumurugaan, K G; Sakthivelan, S M; Kumanan, K

2010-03-01

This report describes Newcastle disease in peacock and the isolation and characterization of the virus. The virus had an intracerbral pathogenicity index of 1.71 and mean death time of 47 h. The isolate had multiple basic amino acids at the fusion protein cleavage site sequence ((110)GGRRQRRFIG(119)) with a phenylalanine at residue 117. Biological and molecular characterization revealed that the virus is velogenic. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolate in genotype II.

Cutaneous form of pox infection among captive peafowl (Pavo cristatus) chicks.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Ahrar; Yousaf, Arfan; Khan, M Zargham; Siddique, Muhammad; Gul, S Tehseen; Mahmood, Fazal

2009-02-01

The present study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology and lesions of avian pox in captive peafowl chicks. Overall values of morbidity, mortality and case fatality were 45.2%, 27.1% and 60.0%, respectively. The chicks of 9 to 12 weeks of age showed a significantly (P<0.001) higher prevalence rate than other age groups. The morbidity and mortality due to avian pox in peafowl chicks was significantly (P<0.001) reduced when kept in mosquito-proof cages and hatched under broody chicken hens. Morbidity due to poxvirus infection on the peafowl farm was 82%, 26% and 12% in successive years. This reduction might have been the result of the introduction of mosquito-proof nets after year 1, although this was not the subject of a controlled experiment. All of the peafowl chicks suffering from dry pox showed pustular and nodular lesions on eye lids, beak, legs and toes. Distribution of lesions in different body parts varied significantly (P<0.023). Lesion diameters were less than 1 cm (59.73%), 1 to 2 cm (23.75%) and more than 2 cm (16.87%). Histopathological studies revealed extensive proliferation of subdermal connective tissue and infiltration of heterophils and macrophages. The keratinocytes showed degenerative changes in the form of cytoplasmic vacuolation, ballooning and hyper-chromatic nuclei. Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies) in keratinocytes were consistently present. It was concluded that avian pox rendered high morbidity, mortality and case fatality in peafowl chicks.

Avaliação ecotoxicológica utilizando bioensaios com daphnia magna em água de lavoura de arroz no município de Mostardas, RS, Brasil

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Thelma Duarte Brandolt

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo objetivou avaliar a toxicidade aguda da água proveniente dos canais de uma lavoura orizícola irrigada pela Lagoados Patos, na localidade de Mostardas/RS, através da utilização de bioensaios com o organismo teste Daphnia magna. Foramescolhidos 3 locais de amostragem: um próximo ao ponto de captação da água (P1; um na saída de uma área de plantio (P2, e outrono dreno de retorno da água para a Lagoa dos Patos (P3. As coletas foram realizadas em três momentos do ciclo produtivo: antes,durante e após a irrigação, correspondendo aos meses de Novembro de 2007, Janeiro e Março de 2008. Os testes foram realizados noLaboratório de Ecotoxicologia da UNISC, seguindo a norma técnica ABNT 12713. Após 48 horas de exposição aos efluentes,observou-se o número de indivíduos imóveis por concentração e calculou-se a porcentagem de imobilidade. O resultado do teste foiexpresso pela Concentração Efetiva Inicial Mediana - CE(I50 48h, que corresponde à concentração da amostra que causou efeitoagudo a 50% dos organismos. Os resultados indicaram, nos diferentes locais de coleta e estágios de manejo da lavoura, uma baixatoxicidade para este bioindicador, ou mesmo ausência de toxicidade, uma vez que apresentaram uma CE(I 50 48h superior a 75% naescala de toxicidade relativa, de acordo com o sistema de monitoramento estabelecido durante o ciclo de produção. Neste sentido,visando à corroboração dos mesmos, sugere-se o aumento da periodicidade do desenho experimental, bem como a realização dascoletas em período mais próximo da aplicação dos agroquímicos.Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity ofthe water from the channels of rice fields irrigated by the Lagoados Patos, in the town of Mostardas,/RS, through the use of bioassays with the test organism Daphnia magna. Threesampling locations we selected: one near the point of watercatchments (P1, an output of an area planting (P2, and anotheron the drain

First report of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in peafowls in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China

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Tian Yi-Ming

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded animals, including birds, with a worldwide distribution. Surveys of T. gondii infection in wild birds have been reported extensively in the world, but little is known of T. gondii infection in peafowls worldwide. This study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in peafowls in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Methods Sera from 277 peafowls, including 272 blue peafowls (Pavo cristatus and 5 green peafowls (Pavo muticus originated from two geographic areas in Yunnan Province were assayed for T. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (MAT. Results Specific T. gondii antibodies were detected in 35 of 277 (12.64% peafowls (MAT titer ≥ 1:5. Seropositive birds were found in both species, 33 in 272 blue peafowls and 2 in 5 green peafowls. There was no significant difference in T. gondii seroprevalence between the adolescent birds (6.74% and the adult birds (6.67% (P > 0.05. The geographical origins of peafowls was found to be highly associated with T. gondii infection in the present study, a statistically significant difference in T. gondii seropositivity was observed between peafowls from Kunming (31.08% and those from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture (5.91% (OR = 10.956, 95% CI = 1.632-73.545, P = 0.014. Statistical analyses showed that there were no significant interactions between ages and geographical origins of peafowls (P > 0.05. Conclusions The results of the present survey indicated that infection of peafowls with T. gondii is widespread in Yunnan Province, which has significant public health concerns and implications for prevention and control of toxoplamosis in this province. To our knowledge, this is the first seroprevalence report of T. gondii infection in China’s southwestern Yunnan Province.

First report of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in peafowls in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China.

Science.gov (United States)

Tian, Yi-Ming; Dai, Fei-Yan; Huang, Si-Yang; Deng, Zu-Hong; Duan, Gang; Zhou, Dong-Hui; Yang, Jian-Fa; Weng, Ya-Biao; Zhu, Xing-Quan; Zou, Feng-Cai

2012-09-19

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded animals, including birds, with a worldwide distribution. Surveys of T. gondii infection in wild birds have been reported extensively in the world, but little is known of T. gondii infection in peafowls worldwide. This study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in peafowls in Yunnan Province, southwestern China. Sera from 277 peafowls, including 272 blue peafowls (Pavo cristatus) and 5 green peafowls (Pavo muticus) originated from two geographic areas in Yunnan Province were assayed for T. gondii antibodies using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Specific T. gondii antibodies were detected in 35 of 277 (12.64%) peafowls (MAT titer ≥ 1:5). Seropositive birds were found in both species, 33 in 272 blue peafowls and 2 in 5 green peafowls. There was no significant difference in T. gondii seroprevalence between the adolescent birds (6.74%) and the adult birds (6.67%) (P > 0.05). The geographical origins of peafowls was found to be highly associated with T. gondii infection in the present study, a statistically significant difference in T. gondii seropositivity was observed between peafowls from Kunming (31.08%) and those from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture (5.91%) (OR = 10.956, 95% CI = 1.632-73.545, P = 0.014). Statistical analyses showed that there were no significant interactions between ages and geographical origins of peafowls (P > 0.05). The results of the present survey indicated that infection of peafowls with T. gondii is widespread in Yunnan Province, which has significant public health concerns and implications for prevention and control of toxoplamosis in this province. To our knowledge, this is the first seroprevalence report of T. gondii infection in China's southwestern Yunnan Province.

SURGICAL RECTIFICATION OF THREAD-ASSOCIATED GLOSSOPTOSIS IN PEAFOWLS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Athar, A. Shakoor, G. Muhammad, M.N. Asi, and M. Saqib

2001-02-01

Full Text Available Domesticated and/or caged peafowls (Pavo cristatus and other fancy birds suffer from a variety of disease conditions due to unnatural habitat and suboptimal managemental practices. The present article scribes glossoptosis (downward displacement of tongue in four juvenile peafowls caused by kite-flying read wrapped around the base of tongue and terminating somewhere in the lower gastrointestinal tract. The condition was characterized by difficulty in swallowing, chronic inappetance, gasping and a fading body condition. Severing of the proximal part of thread through crop and then unwinding it from the base .the tongue affected an instant relief. As far as could be ascertained, the condition under reference has not been reported heretofore in birds especially in peafowls.

Plasma uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen concentrations after whole blood administration via the gastrointestinal tract in domestic pigeons (Columba livia).

Science.gov (United States)

Sheldon, Julie; Hoover, John P; Payton, Mark E

2007-06-01

To determine if blood administered to pigeons by gavage tube would simulate gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a noncarnivorous avian model, be digested in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently alter concentrations of plasma urea nitrogen, creatinine, or uric acid, blood from common peacocks (Pavo cristatus) was administered by gavage tube to 5 healthy domestic pigeons (Columba livia) at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 ml/kg. No significant difference in plasma concentrations of urea nitrogen, creatinine, or uric acid was seen 4-6 hours after gavage. The findings did not support or rule out the presence of gastrointestinal blood in pigeons as a model for hemorrhage in noncarnivorous avian species.

[Leukosis in captive wild birds].

Science.gov (United States)

Loupal, G

1984-10-01

Among 2589 captive wild birds, examined between 1974 and 1983, we found leukosis in 26 birds belonging to 13 different species and five orders. We diagnosed lymphoid leukosis in 11 birds (two Melopsittacus undulatus, two Psittacus erithacus one Platycerus eximius, one Columba livia, one Streptopelia decaocto, one Polyplectron bicalcaratum, one Pavo cristatus, one Aptenodytes patachonia and one finch, species unknown), myeloid leukosis in 14 (nine Melopsittacus undulatus, two Agapomis personata fischeri, two Urgeainthus bengalus and one Neophemia pulchella) and stem cell leukosis in one bird (Serinus canaria). Among the cases with lymphoid leukosis we distinguished between lymphoblastic (four cases) and prolymphocytic forms (seven). Myeloid leukosis was subdivided into poorly differentiated (12 cases) and well differentiated myeloblastosis (two).

Variabilidade morfodinâmica entre as regiões da Querência e do navio Altair na praia do Cassino, RS

OpenAIRE

Espírito Santo, Renato Mendes

2007-01-01

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2007. A Praia do Cassino, situada ao Sul da desembocadura da Lagoa dos Patos, demonstra uma variação textural e hidrodinâmica influenciada pela deposição de sedimentos sobre a praia e a antepraia. As regiões mais próximas da Lagoa possuem tamanhos de grãos menores que as regiões mais afastadas. A existência de um banco de lama na ante...

Maus-tratos na infância e adolescência: conhecimento e atitude de profissionais de saúde

OpenAIRE

Massoni, Andreza Cristina de Lima Targino; Almeida, Maria Aldenize Neves Freitas; Martins, Cássio Gadelha; Firmino, Ramon Targino; Garcia, Ana Flávia Granville-

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento e as atitudes dos profissionais de saúde cadastrados na equipe da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) e do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) do município de Patos, PB, sobre os casos suspeitos de maus-tratos na infância e na adolescência. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo  transversal, realizado com 200 profissionais que responderam a um questionário sobre o tema investigado. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial, utilizando-se o Teste Qui-qu...

Estudio de efectos de estímulos inflamatorios periféricos sobre un modelo de enfermedad de Parkinson

OpenAIRE

Tarelli, Rodolfo

2013-01-01

La Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es una de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas de mayor incidencia en personas mayores de 65 años. Es de progresión lenta y su rasgo distintivo es la degeneración neuronal en la región de la sustancia nigra pars compacta (SN). Un hallazgo pato-fisiológico uniformemente observado tanto en modelos animales como en pacientes con EP es que la muerte de las neuronas de la SN se encuentra acompañada por activación de la microglía. Numerosa evidencia apunta a un efecto...

The Diatom Anorthoneis dulcis Hein from Southern Brazil: Morphology and Ecology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marines, G.; Marciana, T.D.

2007-01-01

A new geographic locality for Anorthoneis dulcis is reported. The paper describes the distribution and relative abundance of A. dulcis in Lagoa dos Patos lagoon (a lagoon in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil) from samples collected between 2004 and 2005, and shows that this rare species is present all year round. This study extends the species distribution to South America indicating that the species can thrive on sand grains in lentic estuarine, and freshwater areas. It widens the range of tolerance to environmental parameters. The valve fine structure, morphology, and dimensions are in agreement with the original diagnosis.

Ventana a la Farmacología

OpenAIRE

María Luisa Cárdenas Muñoz; Hernán Pérez; Ramiro Prada Reyes

1996-01-01

Terfenadina: no debe usarse con eritromicina: La terfenadina es un antihistamínico de segunda generación, cuyo uso se ha generalizado por producir menos sedación que los antihistamínicos de primera generación.  / Uso y abuso de corticoides tópicos oculares: A finales de la década de los cuarenta Kench y Kendall introdujeron la cortisona en la terapéutica humana, simultáneamente comenzó a ser utilizada con éxito en las inflamaciones oculares. /  Trastornos de pánico: pato fisiología y tratamie...

Knowledge of the Yucatec Maya in seasonal tropical forest management: the forage plants El conocimiento de los mayas yucatecos en el manejo del bosque tropical estacional: las plantas forrajeras

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José Salvador Flores

2012-06-01

plantas forrajeras se tomaron con información florística y etnobotánica. Los datos se manejaron mediante tablas dinámicas en Excel y fueron agrupados por familia florística, geoforma, forma de vida y por los animales que las consumen. Las comunidades mayas utilizan 196 especies de plantas para alimentar a los animales: 139 herbáceas, 17 arbustos, 35 árboles y dos palmeras. Las plantas forrajeras nativas son utilizadas para alimentar vacas, cerdos, caballos, corderos, pavos, pollos, patos y palomas. Las plantas forrajeras nativas pueden ser una opción de mejoramiento de la agricultura de temporal y también para la producción animal intensiva en sistemas silvopastoriles en los paisajes kársticos tropicales de la península de Yucatán.

Endoparasitic infections in Indian peacocks (Pavo cristatus) of Veterinary College Campus, Mathura.

Science.gov (United States)

Jaiswal, Amit Kumar; Sudan, Vikrant; Shanker, Daya; Kumar, Pradeep

2013-04-01

A survey was made to determine the prevalence of endoparasites in free range blue peacocks living in and around the premises of College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Mathura. Faecal samples of peacocks were collected randomly and brought to the divisional laboratory for faecal sample examination. During the coprological examination, eggs and oocysts of cestodes and coccidia belonging to Eimeria and Isospora species were identified, respectively based on the morphology and micrometry of these parasitic stages. The present study has generated an important data regarding the else while parasitologically neglected national bird of India.

[Foreign-body related esophagus obstruction in a peacock (Pavo cristatus L. 1758)].

Science.gov (United States)

Krautwald, M E; Schildger, B

1986-01-01

A coil of metal wire was diagnosed by X-ray closely to the heartbasis in an eight-year-old peacock. Described are anesthesia and successful surgical removal of the coiled wire which had partially pierced the wall of the oesophagus. Means of post-surgical drug and dietetic therapy are discussed.

Survey of peafowl (Pavo cristatus) for potential pathogens at three Michigan zoos.

Science.gov (United States)

Hollamby, Simon; Sikarskie, James G; Stuht, John

2003-12-01

Blood samples collected from 31 free-roaming peafowl from three zoos in Michigan were tested serologically. Antibody titers were present against avian adenovirus and Bordetella avium in 19.3% and 61.3% of the samples, respectively. Serum plate agglutination tests were positive for Mycoplasma meleagridis and Mycoplasma synoviae in 3.2% and 38.7% of the samples, respectively. All birds were seronegative for avian influenza, Newcastle disease virus, West Nile virus, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella typhimurium, and Giardia sp. No parasites were seen in blood smears. Cloacal swabs were cultured for anaerobic, aerobic, and microaerophilic bacteria. Clostridium perfringens type A and Escherichia coli were cultured most frequently from 64.5% and 29% of the samples, respectively, whereas Salmonella sp. and Campylobacter sp. were not isolated. Fecal samples contained moderate numbers of ascarid and Capillaria sp. ova and coccidian oocysts. Female biting lice (Goniodes gigas) were identified on three birds.

Plasmodium durae Herman from the introduced common peafowl in northern Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Laird, M

1978-02-01

Plasmodium (Giovannolaia) durae Herman was originally described from Kenya, the type host being the common turkey, Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus. There are no field records of this association outside of Africa, where the parasite, herein reported from another introduced and domesticated bird (the common peafowl, Pavo cristatus Linnaeus), was recently listed from 2 native Phasianidae of the genus Francolinus. The justification for the present identification is submitted against background data concerning malaria parasites from turkeys and other Galliformes in Africa and elsewhere, and restraint is urged in describing yet more "new species" of avian Plasmodium belonging to morphologically close taxa within Novyella and Giovannolaia. A near relative of P. durae, Plasmodium dissanaikei de Jong, is transferred from the former subgenus to the latter one.

Maynard Smith: amplifying the reasons for signal reliability.

Science.gov (United States)

Harper, D G C

2006-03-21

One of the many questions to which John Maynard Smith contributed was that of why most animal signals are reliable. He initially rejected the "handicap" argument but gradually accepted it, a process I briefly describe. This episode illustrated his preference for mathematical models over verbal ones, and the generosity with which he could change his mind. Even after accepting that some signals are reliable because of their strategic costs, he argued for a pluralistic approach to signal reliability. Signal complexity was a developing interest when he died. Signals usually involve several components, some of which appear to amplify other signal components. The terms "amplifier" and "index" require more thought to reduce the scope for semantic confusion. I conclude by describing Maynard Smith's fascination with peacocks Pavo cristatus.

El jardín de los Smithson

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Ana Rodríguez García

2017-07-01

La investigación profundiza en el análisis del pabellón como parte de un pequeño jardín doméstico y, a su vez, en relación con el paisaje. La casa de fin de semana de los Smithsons es un “cottage garden” con su pavo real topiario, enclavado en el gran jardín paradisiaco que es la finca Fonthill, fruto a su vez de la mejor tradición paisajista inglesa del Pintoresquismo. Representa los tipos de construcciones para el jardín, de larga y profunda tradición en Inglaterra, reinterpretando simultánea e intencionadamente la idea de “folly”, “gazebo”, “pavilion”, “garden room” y “glass room”.

The metallogenic role of east-west fracture zones in South America with regard to the motion of lithospheric plates (with an example from Brazil)

Science.gov (United States)

Kutina, J.; Carter, William D.; Lopez, F.X.

1978-01-01

The role of east-west fracture zones in South America is discussed with regard to global fracturing and the motion of lithospheric plates. A set of major NW-trending lineaments has been derived which show a tendency to be spaced equidistantly and may correspond to a set of east-west fractures in the "pre-drift" position of the South American plate. Statistical analysis of linears in the ERTS-mosaics shows that NW-fractures are also among the most important ones in the Andes region, suggesting that the above major lineaments extend into the basement of the Andes. Some of the old major fractures, trending east-west in the present orientation of South America, are discussed and their NE orientation in the pre-drift position of the plate is considered. An example of structural control of ore deposition in the Brazilian Shield is presented, using the maps of the RADAM Project. It is concluded that the small tin-bearing granitic bodies concentrated in the region of Sao Felix do Xingu in the state of Para represent upper parts of an unexposed granitoid massif which is controlled by the intersection of a major east-west fracture zone probably represents westward extension of the Patos Lineament of the easternmost part of Brazil, connected with the east-west fracture zone of the Para state through the basement of the Maranhao Basin (Sineclise do Maranhao-Piaui). It is expected that the proposed "Patos-Para Lineament" extends further westward and may similarly control, at intersections with fractures of other trends, some mineralization centers in the western part of the state of Para and in the state of Amazonas.

Estimation of optimum plot sizes in field experiments with annatto Estimativa de tamanho ótimo de parcelas em experimentos com urucum

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Anselmo Eloy Silveira Viana

2002-08-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to estimate the optimum plots size for experiments with annatto. The uniformity assay consisted of 12 rows with 12 plants in each row. The variety Bico de Pato was used, planted in 5 x 4 m spacing and evaluated at 5 years of age. Three methods were used: maximum curvature, modified maximum curvature and the comparison of variances. The plot size estimate varied according to the methodology used and the characteristic analyzed. The adequate plot size was found to be 107.2 m² (5 plants using the modified maximum curvature method, which resulted in more precise estimates , taking into consideration that the ideal plot should facilitate the efficient evaluation of all characteristics analyzed in this experiment.Objetivou-se estimar o tamanho ótimo de parcelas para experimentos com urucum. O ensaio de uniformidade foi formado de 12 fileiras com 12 plantas em cada fileira. Utilizou-se a variedade Bico de Pato, em espaçamento 5 x 4 m, avaliada aos cinco anos. Empregaram-se os métodos da máxima curvatura, da máxima curvatura modificado e da comparação de variâncias. A estimativa do tamanho de parcela variou com o método utilizado e com a característica analisada. Pelo método da máxima curvatura modificado, que permitiu a obtenção de estimativas mais precisas, e considerando-se que a parcela ideal deve possibilitar a avaliação eficiente de todas as características analisadas neste experimento, encontrou-se o tamanho adequado de parcela, 107,2 m² (cinco plantas.

OCORRÊNCIA E ATIVIDADE DE BACTÉRIAS DIAZOTRÓFICAS EM FORRAGEIRAS CULTIVADAS NA REGIÃO SEMIÁRIDA NO BRASIL

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MÁRCIA CARNEIRO MONTEIRO DOS SANTOS

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Diazotrophic bacteria play important role on economy nitrogen fertilizer in forage glasses and environmental sustainability. With the objective of evaluate the occurrence of diazotrophic bacteria associated associated with native forage at two different times and identify isolates with potential for fixing N2 in the semiarid region. Was conducted in the Soil Laboratory of the Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural in Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, Paraíba. A study was carried out at the Soil Laboratory of the Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Patos, Paraíba. The objective this study was to verify in the native diazotrophic endophytic bacteria associated with forage glasses and to identify isolates in NBF hability, during the rainy and dry seasons in semiarid region. Root samples of three forage grasses [Andropogon gayanus Kunth (Andropogon, Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania (Tanzânia and Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Buffel] cultivated in the field experiment was utilized. The bacteria were isolated in NFb culture media free-N specific for Azospirillum spp., the isolates was quantified, phenotypically characterized, purified. From caracterized after, was evaluated for their nitrogenase activity in vitro. The resultas show diazotrophics bacteria growth in the three forage grasses tested. The ocorrency diazotrophics bacteria be influencied by genotipic plant and seasonal variation. A more density of NSDB of the genus Azospirillum associated in the root grasses were obtained in dry season. The NSDB isolates, show a high potencial for new studies on the genetic caracteristcs and avaliation the inoculo potential to (BNF associated on grasses in semiarid region.

Circulações atmosféricas clássicas e não-clássicas na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS

OpenAIRE

Flávio Wiegand

2000-01-01

O Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS), versão 3b, foi utilizado para simular o escoamento na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RMPA) para explicar a influência de circulações clássicas e não clássicas devido as proximidades do oceano e da Lagoa dos Patos, e da ilha de calor formada pelas cidades. O RAMS foi utilizado em um domínio tridimensional com duas grades sendo utilizadas, a grade mais grossa com resolução horizontal de 8 Km, e a grade mais fina com resolução horizontal de 2...

Diversidade e distribuição espaço-temporal associada às atividades diárias da avifauna aquática em lagoas permanentes no semiárido do nordeste.

OpenAIRE

Paulo de Barros Passos Filho

2011-01-01

O Brasil abriga uma das mais diversas avifauna do mundo, com 1825 espécies o que equivale a 57% das espécies das aves registradas em toda a América do Sul. Dentre as 160 espécies que possuem hábitos aquáticos, os Ardeídeos (garças e socós) e Anatídeos (patos e marrecas) são os que apresentam maior representatividade. No semiárido as lagoas são importantes refúgios para muitas espécies de animais e plantas, proporcionando o aumento da diversidade local. Enfoques mais específicos sobre a avifau...

Root Effect Haemoglobins in Fish May Greatly Enhance General Oxygen Delivery Relative to Other Vertebrates.

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Jodie L Rummer

Full Text Available The teleost fishes represent over half of all extant vertebrates; they occupy nearly every body of water and in doing so, occupy a diverse array of environmental conditions. We propose that their success is related to a unique oxygen (O2 transport system involving their extremely pH-sensitive haemoglobin (Hb. A reduction in pH reduces both Hb-O2 affinity (Bohr effect and carrying capacity (Root effect. This, combined with a large arterial-venous pH change (ΔpHa-v relative to other vertebrates, may greatly enhance tissue oxygen delivery in teleosts (e.g., rainbow trout during stress, beyond that in mammals (e.g., human. We generated oxygen equilibrium curves (OECs at five different CO2 tensions for rainbow trout and determined that, when Hb-O2 saturation is 50% or greater, the change in oxygen partial pressure (ΔPO2 associated with ΔpHa-v can exceed that of the mammalian Bohr effect by at least 3-fold, but as much as 21-fold. Using known ΔpHa-v and assuming a constant arterial-venous PO2 difference (Pa-vO2, Root effect Hbs can enhance O2 release to the tissues by 73.5% in trout; whereas, the Bohr effect alone is responsible for enhancing O2 release by only 1.3% in humans. Disequilibrium states are likely operational in teleosts in vivo, and therefore the ΔpHa-v, and thus enhancement of O2 delivery, could be even larger. Modeling with known Pa-vO2 in fish during exercise and hypoxia indicates that O2 release from the Hb and therefore potentially tissue O2 delivery may double during exercise and triple during some levels of hypoxia. These characteristics may be central to performance of athletic fish species such as salmonids, but may indicate that general tissue oxygen delivery may have been the incipient function of Root effect Hbs in fish, a trait strongly associated with the adaptive radiation of teleosts.

Pox infection among captive peacocks.

Science.gov (United States)

Al Falluji, M M; Tantawi, H H; Al-Bana, A; Al-Sheikhly, S

1979-10-01

An outbreak of avian pox was detected among captive peacocks (Pavo cristatus) at Baghdad Zoological Park during spring, 1978. A total of 45 of the 60 birds in the aviary developed pox lesions around the beaks and eyes. Morbidity was 75% and mortality was 13%. A virus isolated from the skin lesions produced large plaques on the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos and induced cytopathic effect characteristic for pox viruses in chicken embryo cell cultures. The virus neither haemagglutinated nor haemadsorbed to chicken erythrocytes. It was ether resistant and chloroform sensitive. Chickens inoculated with the virus by scarification developed localized pox-like lesions, while turkeys had only transient swelling of feather follicles at the site of inoculation. Virus partially purified with Genetron 113 was precipitated by antisera to fowlpox and pigeon pox viruses.

Nuevo titulus pictus y hallazgos recientes de pintura mural romana registrados en Valencia

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Jiménez Salvador, José Luis

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Study of recently discovered wall paintings of the roman period in the excavations of 6 Cisneros square in Valencia (ancient Valentia. A titulus pictus, decorations with peacokfeathers and a representation of Venus, are the most noteworthy among them.Este artículo se dedica al estudio de los restos de decoración pictórica romana procedentes de la excavación arqueológica realizada en 1998 en el nº 6 de la plaza de Cisneros en Valencia. Destacan las imitaciones de mármoles con la presencia de un interesante titvlvs pictvs, así como decoraciones con plumas de pavo real, además de una posible representación de Venus que probablemente estaría relacionada con la proximidad del puerto fluvial.

Thermoregulatory postures limit antipredator responses in peafowl.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Lam, Jennifer; Schultz, Rachel; Davis, Melissa

2018-01-05

Many animals inhabit environments where they experience temperature fluctuations. One way in which animals can adjust to these temperature changes is through behavioral thermoregulation. However, we know little about the thermal benefits of postural changes and the costs they may incur. In this study, we examined the thermoregulatory role of two postures, the head-tuck and leg-tuck posture, in peafowl ( Pavo cristatus ) and evaluated whether the head-tuck posture imposes a predation cost. The heads and legs of peafowl are significantly warmer when the birds exhibit these postures, demonstrating that these postures serve an important thermoregulatory role. In addition, the birds are slower to respond to an approaching threat when they display the head-tuck posture, suggesting that a thermoregulatory posture can limit antipredator behavior. © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Thermoregulatory postures limit antipredator responses in peafowl

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Jessica L. Yorzinski

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Many animals inhabit environments where they experience temperature fluctuations. One way in which animals can adjust to these temperature changes is through behavioral thermoregulation. However, we know little about the thermal benefits of postural changes and the costs they may incur. In this study, we examined the thermoregulatory role of two postures, the head-tuck and leg-tuck posture, in peafowl (Pavo cristatus and evaluated whether the head-tuck posture imposes a predation cost. The heads and legs of peafowl are significantly warmer when the birds exhibit these postures, demonstrating that these postures serve an important thermoregulatory role. In addition, the birds are slower to respond to an approaching threat when they display the head-tuck posture, suggesting that a thermoregulatory posture can limit antipredator behavior.

Characterization of extraintestinal Escherichia coli isolated from a peacock (Pavo cristatus) with colisepticemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Barbieri, Nicolle Lima; Tejkowski, Thiago Moreira; de Oliveira, Aline Luisa; de Brito, Benito Guimarães; Horn, Fabiana

2012-06-01

Extraintestinal infections by avian pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (APEC) are commonly reported in poultry, but there is little information on infections by APEC in other bird species. Here we report on the characterization of extraintestinal E. coli isolated from a domesticated peacock, from the south of Brazil, that died of colisepticemia. Necropsy examination revealed congested liver, hypertrophied kidneys, peritonitis, severe typhlitis suggestive of coligranuloma, pneumonia, and airsacculitis--typical signs of colisepticemia. The isolates from lungs, kidney, heart, intestine, liver, and bone marrow all harbored the same virulence-associated factors (iucD, colV, iss, mat, fimC, ompA, traT crl, csgA vgrG, and hcp), yielded the same band pattern in amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis, and were allocated to the Escherichia coli Reference Collection group B1. The isolates were resistant to bacitracin, trimethoprim, and tetracycline, but displayed slight differences in their resistance to other antimicrobials. The isolates also differed in their virulence in 1-day-old chickens, but none displayed high virulence in vivo. We conclude that the peacock died of colisepticemia after it was infected with an extraintestinal E. coli strain of low virulence that nevertheless harbored virulence factors generally associated with APEC. This study represents the first characterization of an APEC isolated from a nonpoultry bird species.

Doenças da cavidade nasal em ruminantes no Brasil Diseases of the nasal cavity of ruminants in Brazil

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Roseane de A Portela

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho descreve as doenças das fossas nasais diagnosticadas em ruminantes no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, em Patos, Paraíba, nos anos de 2003-2009. No período foram registrados três diagnósticos de doenças das fossas nasais de bovinos, três em caprinos e nove em ovinos (de um total de 404 diagnósticos em bovinos, 330 em caprinos e 338 em ovinos. Descrevem-se um caso de rinite atópica em bovinos, sete surtos de conidiobolomicose e dois de pitiose rinofacial em ovinos, dois casos de prototecose e um de aspergilose nasal em caprinos e um mixoma e um fibrossarcoma em bovinos. Adicionalmente, é realizada uma revisão de outras doenças das fossas nasais de ruminantes descritas em outras regiões do Brasil, incluindo oestrose, rinosporidiose, carcinoma epidermóide e tumor etmoidal enzoótico.This paper reports diseases of the nasal cavity diagnosed in ruminants in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Patos, state of Paraiba, northeastern Brazil, from 2003 to 2009. During that period three cases or outbreaks of diseases of the nasal cavity were reported in cattle, three in goats and nine in sheep (out of 404 diseases diagnosed in cattle, 330 in goats, and 338 in sheep. At all are reported one case of atopic rhinitis in cattle, seven outbreaks of conidiobolomycosis and two outbreaks of rhinofacial pythiosis in sheep, two cases of protothecosis and one of nasal aspergillosis in goats, and a myxoma and a fibrosarcoma in cattle. Additionally, other diseases of the nasal cavity reported in Brazil are reviewed, including oestrosis, rhinosporidiosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and enzootic ethmoidal tumor.

Evaluación de rendimiento de compuestos de ajo tipo Taiwán Evaluación de rendimiento de compuestos de ajo tipo Taiwán

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Briseida Mendoza Celedón

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el rendimiento y variables de calidad de compuestos de ajo (Allium sativum L., durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2008-2009, en San Luis de la Paz, Gto., México. Se emplearon compuestos de ajo del tipo Taiwán, con resultados variables de acuerdo a su genotipo. Entre los compuestos sobresalieron por su altura de planta, rendimiento de bulbo, mayor peso promedio de bulbo y menor número de dientes por bulbo los siguientes: el Compuesto 4 (El pato, bodegas, Salamanca, Gto., el Compuesto 5 (Santa Teresa, tabla III, Salamanca, Gto., y el Compuesto 1 (Ajo sano, varias regiones del Edo. de Gto.. Es importante continuar con el programa de mejoramiento genético de ajo para el estado de Guanajuato, basado en selección de nuevas líneas de entre los compuestos mejores y con ayuda de técnicas como la eliminación de virus, para mejorar rendimiento y calidad del ajo. Field yield and bulb quality of garlic (Allium sativum L. compounds were evaluated during the 2008-2009 fall-winter cycle at the San Luis de la Paz, Gto., Mexico. Taiwan compounds were evaluated with variable results, depending on the genotype. Best plant height, bulb yield, higher weight per bulb and smaller clove number per bulb were obtained with: Compuesto 4 (El pato, bodegas, Salamanca, Gto., Compuesto 5 (Santa Teresa, tabla III, Salamanca, Gto., and Compuesto 1 (Ajo sano, varias regiones del Edo. de Gto.. It is important to continue with the program of garlic genetic breeding to Guanajuato state, based on selection of new garlic lines derived from the best compounds and using techniques as the virus elimination for improving yield and quality.

Population structure and juvenile habitat use of dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus in southern Brazil

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Mario Vinicius Condini

2015-11-01

Full Text Available A better understanding of population dynamics including the identification of reproductive areas and their contribution to the maintenance of fish stocks is essential for population conservation. Dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus, is a broadly distributed fish species, usually found in marine rocky bottoms. It is currently listed as “endangered” by the IUCN Red List. The available information on its population in southern Brazil suggests that the neritic habitat of Carpinteiro Bank - CB is the main growth and spawning ground in the region. We investigated if the dusky groupers caught in the rocky-jetties of Rio Grande city (a littoral artificial habitat with no spawning activity originated from the CB. We sampled 28 individuals from the littoral rocky-jetties aged between 2 and 12 years, and 44 individuals from the neritic CB aged between 2 and 40 years. Individuals from both areas had their otolith sections analyzed with LA-ICPMS (core-to-edge profiles for 86Sr:43Ca, 138Ba:43Ca ratios. The otolith core (natal origin and edge (time shortly before capture from individuals of the same age class showed no difference between the two sites. Individual profiles of 138Ba:43Ca ratios of fish from the littoral zone indicated, for the first time, that some juveniles of dusky grouper enter the Patos lagoon and remain within the estuarine environment between the first and second years of life. This interpretation of otolith chemical data is supported by the marked differences in salinity between the littoral and estuarine sites in these studies areas, and by the marked differences in otolith 138Ba:43Ca of other fish species analyzed along the salinity gradient in the Patos Lagoon estuary. The identification of differential juvenile habitat use patterns is crucial for the establishment and implementation of management and conservation strategies to safeguard this endangered species.

Intérêts de la description des variantes vasculaires avant chirurgie hépatique pancréatique et rénale

OpenAIRE

Leloup , Sarah Smahel

2015-01-01

Non disponible / Not available; Une imagerie complète associant au moins un scanner multi-phasique et une IRM doit être réalisée avant toute chirurgie hépatique (pour carcinome hépato-cellulaire ou métastasectomie hépatique), transplantation hépatique, duodéno-pancréatectomie céphalique, et avant toute greffe rénale. Elle n’a plus seulement pour but de fournir des éléments de caractérisation lésionnelle, elle devient à la base du bilan de résécabilité des lésions et d’opérabilité des patients...

Qualidade das águas no Canal São Gonçalo, Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil

OpenAIRE

Machado, Gilnei

2002-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia. O Canal São Gonçalo é um importante corpo d'água que faz a ligação entre a Lagoa Mirim e a Laguna dos Patos no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Este Canal tem sido desde a década de 1970 utilizado para a captação de água para o abastecimento da cidade de Rio Grande bem como para a irrigação das lavouras de arroz existentes em toda a planície adjacente...

Isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat with clinical epididymo-orchitis in Brazil

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Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The present study reports the first isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from a goat in Brazil. A four-year-old Moxotó breeding goat in a flock of 70 goats and 65 sheep reared together in the county of Patos, semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil, showed clinical signs of unilateral orchitis and epididymitis. Diagnosis of A. seminis infection was confirmed by association of clinical findings, bacterial isolation and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. This result suggests that A. seminis may be an additional cause of infertility in goats, and that sheep may be the source of infection because the mixed farming system allows the contact between sheep and goats in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.

Trigo duro: comportamento de genótipos no estado de São Paulo Durum wheat: evaluation of genotypes for the state of São Paulo, Brazil

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Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Camargo

1995-01-01

Full Text Available Compararam-se 25 linhagens de trigo duro (Triticum durum L., um cultivar de triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack e quatro cultivares de trigo (T. aestivum L. em seis experimentos em condição de irrigação por aspersão, analisando-se a produção de grãos, características agronômicas e resistência às doenças. As linhagens de trigo duro 14 (61150/Leeds//Gallo "S"/3/Garza "S"/4/Mexicali "S"/5/S-15-Crane "S", 21 (Boyeros "S"/Cocorit-71/5/Crane "S"/Ganso "S"//Marte "S"/3/Tildillo "S"/4/Memo "S", 25 (Gallareta "S" e 8 (Gediz "S"/Yavaros "S", de porte baixo a médio, foram resistentes às ferrugens-do-colmo (com exceção da 21 e da-folha, moderadamente resistentes ao oídio, suscetíveis à mancha foliar, e destacaram-se quanto à produção de grãos em solos com baixa acidez, não diferindo nem do trigo comum IAC-60, o mais cultivado atualmente no Estado de São Paulo, nem do triticale Álamos. Em condições de campo, a linhagem de trigo duro 19 (Mindum/Kingfisher "S"//Sandpiper apresentou imunidade às ferrugens-do-colmo e da-folha e foi moderadamente resistente ao oídio. O triticale Álamos e o trigo comum IAC-29 foram imunes ao oídio. Todos os genótipos avaliados foram altamente suscetíveis à mancha foliar, com exceção da linhagem 6 (Dackiye/Gerardo Vezio 394, moderadamente resistente.Twenty-five durum wheat (Triticum durum L. lines, one triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack cultivar and four wheat (T aestivum L. cultivars were evaluated in six trials under sprinkler irrigation taking into account the grain yield, agronomic characteristics and disease resistance. The durum wheat lines 14 (61150/Leeds//Gallo "S"/3/Garza "S"/4/Mexicali "S"/5/S-15-Crane "S", 21 (Boyeros "S"/Cocorit-71/5/Crane "S"/Ganso "S"//Marte "S"/3/Tildillo "S"/4/Memo "S", 25 (Gallareta "S" and 8 (Gediz "S"/Yavaros "S", showed the following traites: resistant to stem and leaf rusts; moderately resistant to powdery mildew; susceptible to leaf spot, and short to

Zerstreuung, Verschließung, Hingabe. Zur Figur des Transzendierens bei Jan Patočka

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Frei, Jan

2017-01-01

Roč. 19, č. 1 (2017), s. 48-70 E-ISSN 1561-8927 Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : transcendence * person * objectivity * otherness * Christianity Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology http://www.axiapublishers.com/ojs/index.php/labyrinth/issue/view/8

Anabaenopsis morphospecies (Cyanobacteria, Nostocales) from Los Patos shallow lake (Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina).

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Aguilera, A.; Komárek, Jiří; Echenique, R. O.

2016-01-01

Roč. 272, č. 3 (2016), s. 173-183 ISSN 1179-3155 Institutional support: RVO:67985939 Keywords : biodiversity * cyanobacterial blooms * Argentine Subject RIV: EA - Cell Biology Impact factor: 1.240, year: 2016

Armand Mattelart (Universidade Paris VIII/França): do Pato Donald ao McDonalds

OpenAIRE

Mattelart, Armand

2008-01-01

Nesta entrevista, concedida por ocasião da sessão de autógafos do seu livro História da utopia planetária, Armand Mattelart, fala sobre as possibilidades utópicas de se resolver questões urgentes e o papel da comunicação na construção da história da humanidade.

Improving phosphorus availability from Patos phosphate rock for Eucalyptus: a study with 32P radiotracer; Melhorando a disponibilidade de fosforo da rocha fosforica de Patos para eucalipto: um estudo com radiotracador 32P

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Villanueva, Felipe Carlos Alvarez [Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agriculturea Tropical (INIFAT), Santiago de las Vegas, La Habana (Cuba)]. E-mail: falvarez@cena.usp.br; Muraoka, Takashi; Trevizam, Anderson Ricardo [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Lab. de Fertilidade do Solo; Franzini, Vinicius Ide [Sao Paulo Univ., Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz. Programa de Pos-graduacao em Solos e Nutricao de Plantas; Rocha, Alexandre Prado [Escola de Engenharia de Piracicaba, SP (Brazil)

2006-01-15

Eucalyptus plantation in Brazil is generally set on low fertility soils, therefore phosphorus (P) fertilization is mandatory and increases the cost of plantation operation. Using species that more efficiently uptake phosphorus from less soluble sources is an interesting option. However, little is known about eucalyptus regarding its ability of using less soluble forms of phosphorus. The use of P by eucalyptus (E. urophylla, E. grandis, and E. urophylla E. grandis) was studied in greenhouse using a loamy-textured, hipodystrophic Typic Haplustox from the Cerrado region, and 32P isotopic method. The P sources tested were triple superphosphate (TSP), phosphate rock (PR) and the triple superphosphate mixed with PR (TSP+PR). The effectiveness of P sources in terms of increasing dry matter yield was TSP = (TSP + PR) > PR, and the P uptake followed the order (TSP + PR) > TSP > PR for both species plus the hybrid. The increase in P uptake from PR due to TSP influence was 217.3% for E. urophylla, 235.7% for E. grandis, and 28.7% for E. urophylla E. grandis, indicating an enhancement effect of TSP on the effectiveness of PR. The hybrid E. urophylla E. grandis was the most efficient genotype on P soil use and E. grandis most exigent in P fertilizer. (author)

Isolation of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus from domestic peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and teal (Anas).

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Shengwang; Chen, Jianfei; Chen, Jinding; Kong, Xiangang; Shao, Yuhao; Han, Zongxi; Feng, Li; Cai, Xuehui; Gu, Shoulin; Liu, Ming

2005-03-01

Coronavirus-like viruses, designated peafowl/China/LKQ3/2003 (pf/CH/LKQ3/03) and teal/China/LDT3/2003 (tl/CH/LDT3/03), were isolated from a peafowl and a teal during virological surveillance in Guangdong province, China. Partial genomic sequence analysis showed that these isolates had the S-3-M-5-N gene order that is typical of avian coronaviruses. The spike, membrane and nucleocapsid protein genes of pf/CH/LKQ3/03 had >99 % identity to those of the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 vaccine strain (Massachusetts serotype) and other Massachusetts serotype isolates. Furthermore, when pf/CH/LKQ3/03 was inoculated experimentally into chickens (specific-pathogen-free), no disease signs were apparent. tl/CH/LDT3/03 had a spike protein gene with 95 % identity to that of a Chinese infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolate, although more extensive sequencing revealed the possibility that this strain may have undergone recombination. When inoculated into chickens, tl/CH/LDT3/03 resulted in the death of birds from nephritis. Taken together, this information suggests that pf/CH/LKQ3/03 might be a revertant, attenuated vaccine IBV strain, whereas tl/CH/LDT3/03 is a nephropathogenic field IBV strain, generated through recombination. The replication and non-pathogenic nature of IBV in domestic peafowl and teal under field conditions raises questions as to the role of these hosts as carriers of IBV and the potential that they may have to transmit virus to susceptible chicken populations.

Spatial distribution and species composition of small pelagic fishes in the Gulf of California

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Edgar Lanz

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Traditional regionalization methods in fisheries based on provinces or major fishing areas, includes large and arbitrary grids in which basic statistics or inferences on distribution or abundance are made. We describe a method for regionalization and analysis of fishing activities for small pelagic fisheries in the Gulf of California based on spatial patterns of landing and catch data in a Geographic Information System (GIS environment. A fisheries database from logbooks with spatial attributes from October 2002 to June 2007 was analyzed. Landings and catching data were transformed to a Weighted Region Index (WRI by using fuzzy logic operators. The WRI revealed fishing action centers characterized by areas with the highest WRI values, and a hierarchy for the relative importance of the regions was established. Guaymas, Desemboque de Caborca, Isla Patos, and Bahía San Rafael they were the most prominent ones. An analysis of the relative frequency of species composition showed that the Pacific sardine had an over 80 % abundance in the midriff islands, and remained as the most important in the upper gulf regions, while in the central part of the gulf, relative abundances of Pacific sardine and Northern anchovy were more balanced. Relative abundance of mackerel was significantly larger around Isla Patos than in any other place. Guaymas had the largest relative composition of Northern anchovy and the lowest values for Pacific sardine. Desemboque de Caborca showed the largest homogeneity in species relative composition. It is important to highlight that this results come from in situ data, while the results previously reported come from landing statistics by port. Therefore, the present method acknowledges the spatial differences of species by regions, additional to the traditional time series analysis. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (2: 575-590. Epub 2008 June 30.Los métodos tradicionales de regionalización en pesquerías, basados en provincias o grandes

Eye blinking in an avian species is associated with gaze shifts.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L

2016-08-30

Even when animals are actively monitoring their environment, they lose access to visual information whenever they blink. They can strategically time their blinks to minimize information loss and improve visual functioning but we have little understanding of how this process operates in birds. This study therefore examined blinking in freely-moving peacocks (Pavo cristatus) to determine the relationship between their blinks, gaze shifts, and context. Peacocks wearing a telemetric eye-tracker were exposed to a taxidermy predator (Vulpes vulpes) and their blinks and gaze shifts were recorded. Peacocks blinked during the majority of their gaze shifts, especially when gaze shifts were large, thereby timing their blinks to coincide with periods when visual information is already suppressed. They inhibited their blinks the most when they exhibited high rates of gaze shifts and were thus highly alert. Alternative hypotheses explaining the link between blinks and gaze shifts are discussed.

Potential, velocity, and density fields from redshift-distance samples: Application - Cosmography within 6000 kilometers per second

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bertschinger, E.; Dekel, A.; Faber, S.M.; Dressler, A.; Burstein, D.

1990-01-01

A potential flow reconstruction algorithm has been applied to the real universe to reconstruct the three-dimensional potential, velocity, and mass density fields smoothed on large scales. The results are shown as maps of these fields, revealing the three-dimensional structure within 6000 km/s distance from the Local Group. The dominant structure is an extended deep potential well in the Hydra-Centaurus region, stretching across the Galactic plane toward Pavo, broadly confirming the Great Attractor (GA) model of Lynden-Bell et al. (1988). The Local Supercluster appears to be an extended ridge on the near flank of the GA, proceeding through the Virgo Southern Extension to the Virgo and Ursa Major clusters. The Virgo cluster and the Local Group are both falling toward the bottom of the GA potential well with peculiar velocities of 658 + or - 121 km/s and 565 + or - 125 km/s, respectively. 65 refs

Potential, velocity, and density fields from redshift-distance samples: Application - Cosmography within 6000 kilometers per second

Science.gov (United States)

Bertschinger, Edmund; Dekel, Avishai; Faber, Sandra M.; Dressler, Alan; Burstein, David

1990-12-01

A potential flow reconstruction algorithm has been applied to the real universe to reconstruct the three-dimensional potential, velocity, and mass density fields smoothed on large scales. The results are shown as maps of these fields, revealing the three-dimensional structure within 6000 km/s distance from the Local Group. The dominant structure is an extended deep potential well in the Hydra-Centaurus region, stretching across the Galactic plane toward Pavo, broadly confirming the Great Attractor (GA) model of Lynden-Bell et al. (1988). The Local Supercluster appears to be an extended ridge on the near flank of the GA, proceeding through the Virgo Southern Extension to the Virgo and Ursa Major clusters. The Virgo cluster and the Local Group are both falling toward the bottom of the GA potential well with peculiar velocities of 658 + or - 121 km/s and 565 + or - 125 km/s, respectively.

Specific cerebral heat shock proteins and histamine receptor cross-talking mechanisms promote distinct lead-dependent neurotoxic responses in teleosts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Giusi, Giuseppina; Alo, Raffaella; Crudo, Michele; Facciolo, Rosa Maria; Canonaco, Marcello

2008-01-01

Recent interests are beginning to be directed towards toxic neurobiological dysfunctions caused by lead (Pb) in aquatic vertebrates. In the present work, treatment with a maximum acceptable toxic concentration of this heavy metal was responsible for highly significant (p 2 R) antagonist cimetidine (Cim), as shown by the very robust (p 3 R) thioperamide (Thio), instead, blocked Pb-dependent up-regulatory trends of both chaperones in mostly hypothalamic areas. Moreover, intense neuronal damages of the above brain regions coincided with altered expressions of HSP70 and HSP90 when treated only with Cim. Overall these first results show that distinct H n R are able to exert a net neuroprotective role arising from their interaction with chaperones in fish exposed to Pb-dependent stressful conditions making this a potentially key interaction especially for T. pavo, aquatic species which plays an important ecological role towards the survival of other commercially vital fishes

Patrones de uso de sitios naturales y artificiales por Branta bernicla nigricans (Anseriformes: Anatidae en Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, México Habitat use patterns of the Black Brant Branta bernicla nigricans (Anseriformes: Anatidae in natural and artificial areas of Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, Mexico

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Israel Martínez Cedillo

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En el complejo lagunar Guerrero Negro-Ojo de Liebre-Exportadora de Sal inverna el 31% de la población de Ganso de collar (Branta bernicla nigricans que utiliza México (31 000 aves en promedio. Nosotros realizamos censos de punto mensuales (noviembre 2006 a abril 2007 en tres sitios para determinar: (1 los efectos de la época del año y del sitio en la estructura poblacional (grupos de edad y (2 la relación del nivel de marea con la abundan- cia y la proporción de aves alimentándose. La proporción general de adultos fue de 0.68. Esta proporción fue mayor en invierno que en primavera. Por sitio en LGN y ESSA disminuyó y en LOL se mantuvo constante. El incremento de aves inmaduras entre el invierno y la primavera se relaciona con su partida primaveral tardía. La alimentación del Ganso de collar en LOL (el sitio de mayor abundancia fue independiente del nivel de marea, lo que se puede relacionar con dos conductas: (1 que las aves se muevan a lo largo de la laguna, para aprovechar el desfase, de hasta cuatro horas en el nivel de marea o (2 que modifiquen sus estrategias de alimentación, para consumir el pasto flotante.The Black Brant is a common inhabitant of the Western Artic American tundra, which migrates to Southern Pacific coasts during the winter season. Approximately, 31 000 birds (31% constitute the Mexican population of Brants at Guerrero Negro, Ojo de Liebre, and Exportadora de Sal lagoon complex; nevertheless, there is little information about the distribution patterns and zone usage. At Guerrero Negro Lagoon (GNL, Ojo de Liebre Lagoon (OLL, both natural sites, and at Exportadora de Sal (ESSA, artificial site we determined by monthly censuses (from November 2006 to April 2007, 08:00-16:00h and observed: (1 season and site effects on population structure (age groups, and (2 the tide level relationship with the abundance and proportion of feeding birds. Within a total of 150 observation hours and 98 birds, our results showed a

Trigo duro: tolerância à toxicidade de alumínio, manganês e ferro em soluções nutritivas Durum wheat: tolerance to aluminum, manganese and iron toxicities in nutrient solutions

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Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Camargo

1995-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o comportamento diferencial de 23 linhagens de trigo duro (Triticum durum L. em compraração com os seguintes cultivares de trigo (T. aestivum L.: IAC-24, BH-1146, Siete Cerros e IAC-60, quanto aos níveis de Al3+ (0;0,2;0,4; 0,6; 0,8 e 1,0 mg/L, de Mn2+ (0,11; 300; 600 c 1.200 mg/L e de Fe2+ (0,56; 5; 10 e 20 mg/L em solução nutritiva. Os cultivares de trigo Siete Cerros (sensível à toxicidade de Al3+, BH-1146, IAC-60 e IAC-24 (tolerantes à toxicidade de Al3+, exibiram crescimento das raízes na presença de 1 mg/L de Al3+, e todas as linhagens de trigo duro avaliadas foram totalmente sensíveis a 0,4 mg/L de Al3+, com paralisação irreversível do crescimento das raízes. O aumento das concentrações de Mn2+(0,11 a 1.200 mg/L e de Fe2+ (0,56 a 20 mg/L nas soluções causou uma redução significativa no comprimento das raízes dos genótipos em estudo. As linhagens de trigo duro I (Avetoro "S" x Anhinga "S" - Purcell "S"/D.67.2, 2 (Cando - Yavaros "S", 6 (Chen "S" e 8 (Carcomum "S" apresentaram-se muito tolerantes à toxicidade de Mn2+ em relação ao controle 'Siete Cerros'. O 'Siete Cerros' e as linhagens de trigo duro 1, 6, 12 (CI 14955 x Yavaros "S"- Gediz "S"/Tropic Bird, 16 e 21 (Swan "S" c 20 (Boyeros "S"/Cocorit-71/5/Crane/Ganso//Marte "S"/3/Tildillo "S"/4/ Memo "S" exibiram tolerância à presença de elevadas quantidades de Fe2+ nas soluções nutritivas.Twenty three durum wheat inbred lines were evaluated with four bread wheat cultivars (IAC-24, BH-1146, Siete Cerros and IAC-60 in three experiments, using nutrient solutions. In the first experiment, the following levels of Al3+ were used: 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 and 1.0 mg/L; in the second experiment, the following levels of Mn2+ were used: 0.11; 300; 600 and 1.200 mg/L; and in the third experiment, Fe2+ was used at: 0.56; 5; 10 and 1.200 mg/L. The wheat cultivars Siete Cerros (sensitive to Al3+ toxicity and BH-1146, IAC-24 and IAC-60 (tolerant to Al3+ toxicity

Avaluation of the adaptability of dairy goats with help of thermographic precision in the semiarid brazilian

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Elisângela Maria Nunes da Silva

2014-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Silva E.M.N., Souza B.B., Silva G.A., Alcântara M.D.B., Cunha M.G.G. & Marques B.A.A. [Avaluation of the adaptability of dairy goats with help of thermographic precision in the semiarid brazilian.] Avaliação da adaptabilidade de caprinos leiteiros com auxílio da precisão termográfica no semiárido brasileiro. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 36(2:231-237, 2014. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rodovia Patos-Teixeira, Km 01, Jatobá, Patos, PB 58708-110, Brasil. E-mail: elisangelamns@yahoo.com.br The present study aimed to evaluate the adaptability of dairy goats with help of thermographic precision in the semiarid brazilian. Thirty-six female goats were used in the study, mean age 2.5 years old and mean weight of 45 kg, all of them pure-bred, lactating and not pregnant, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a factorial outline 2 x 2; two genotypes (Anglo Nubian and Alpine vs two shifts (morning and afternoon with 18 repetitions. Analysis of variance showed that the shift had significant effect (P0.05. Also, there was no significant interaction between breed and shift. Regarding the parameters: respiratory rate (RR and surface temperature of the muzzle of cinnamon there was significant effect of breed and shift and significant interaction between breed and shift (P<0.05. Positive correlations between physiological parameters and room temperature and negative correlation between thermal gradients and more parameters. The Anglo Nubian breed had become more adapted to the semi-arid environmental conditions representing a good alternative for breeding programs. The Alpine breed increased respiratory effort required to dissipate heat and maintain homeothermy, proving to be more demanding regarding system creation and management in the semi-arid climatic conditions.

El impacto de la desecación de la laguna de Lerma en la gastronomía lacustre de San Pedro Tultepec de Quiroga, Estado de México

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Felipe Carlos Viesca González

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la gastronomía lacustre en el Alto Lerma, prevaleciente antes y después de la desecación de la Laguna de Lerma, específicamente la de San Pedro Tultepec de Quiroga municipio de Lerma, en el Estado de México. Mediante la aplicación de la técnica etnográfica en la realización de la investigación de campo, se identificaron y localizaron a 30 personas adultas que aún entran a la laguna de Chimaliapan o Lerma, o que tienen conocimiento sobre los ingredientes lacustres y las preparaciones culinarias elaboradas con ellos. Además se realizaron visitas a los mercados locales e incursiones en la laguna y áreas aledañas con la guía de lugareños conocedores del entorno, con el fin de obtener información sobre estos productos. Se encontró que todavía se recolectan especies vegetales como nopales, hongos, papas de agua o apacloles y quelites, entre ellos berros o tiernitos y quintoniles. Asimismo, se aprovechan especies animales como patos, carpas, atepocates, ranas, acociles y ajolotes. Menos del 1% de la población estudiada aún elabora platillos basados en ingredientes extraídos de la laguna. Se preparan tamales de pescado, rana o carpa, acociles, hueva de carpa, carpas y patos de diversas maneras, chile relleno de támbulas y atepocates, y ranas empanizadas o fritas. Con base en lo anterior, se concluye, que a pesar de estar contaminada, todavía se extrae de la laguna de Chimaliapan una gran variedad de flora y fauna que se emplea para la alimentación, lo cual indica que estos recursos bióticos son una importante fuente para muchas familias, y que tienen un "buen potencial" de aprovechamiento.

The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants

KAUST Repository

Hoehndorf, Robert

2016-11-14

Background The systematic analysis of a large number of comparable plant trait data can support investigations into phylogenetics and ecological adaptation, with broad applications in evolutionary biology, agriculture, conservation, and the functioning of ecosystems. Floras, i.e., books collecting the information on all known plant species found within a region, are a potentially rich source of such plant trait data. Floras describe plant traits with a focus on morphology and other traits relevant for species identification in addition to other characteristics of plant species, such as ecological affinities, distribution, economic value, health applications, traditional uses, and so on. However, a key limitation in systematically analyzing information in Floras is the lack of a standardized vocabulary for the described traits as well as the difficulties in extracting structured information from free text. Results We have developed the Flora Phenotype Ontology (FLOPO), an ontology for describing traits of plant species found in Floras. We used the Plant Ontology (PO) and the Phenotype And Trait Ontology (PATO) to extract entity-quality relationships from digitized taxon descriptions in Floras, and used a formal ontological approach based on phenotype description patterns and automated reasoning to generate the FLOPO. The resulting ontology consists of 25,407 classes and is based on the PO and PATO. The classified ontology closely follows the structure of Plant Ontology in that the primary axis of classification is the observed plant anatomical structure, and more specific traits are then classified based on parthood and subclass relations between anatomical structures as well as subclass relations between phenotypic qualities. Conclusions The FLOPO is primarily intended as a framework based on which plant traits can be integrated computationally across all species and higher taxa of flowering plants. Importantly, it is not intended to replace established

Estabilidade da resistência de genótipos de caupi a Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr. em gerações sucessivas

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Lima Marcileyne Pessôa Leite de

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae é a principal praga do caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. armazenado em condições tropicais e subtropicais. Avaliaram-se a estabilidade da resistência e a capacidade de adaptação de C. maculatus a genótipos de caupi, durante seis gerações. Utilizou-se o teste sem chance de escolha, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com dez tratamentos, seis gerações do inseto e cinco repetições. Cada repetição constou de 30 grãos infestados com dois casais da praga. O número de ovos/fêmea diferiu entre os genótipos de caupi apenas na sexta geração, e entre as gerações em BR14-Mulato, Bico de Pato, TE90-180-3E e TE87-98-8G. A viabilidade de ovos diferiu entre as gerações em BR17-Gurguéia, BR14-Mulato, IT89KD-260 e IT89KD-245, e entre os genótipos nas terceira, quinta e sexta gerações. Os genótipos diferiram entre e dentro das gerações, em relação à duração e a viabilidade da fase imatura. Observou-se redução na emergência, especialmente em IT89KD-245, IT89KD-260, CNC 0434, Bico de Pato, TE90-180-10F e BR14-Mulato, provavelmente devido a substâncias químicas presentes nos grãos que afetaram a sobrevivência dos insetos, ao longo das gerações. Os genótipos IT89KD-245 e IT89KD-260 comportaram-se como moderadamente resistentes. Não se observou adaptação de C. maculatus aos genótipos, mantendo-se a resistência estável através das gerações.

A new species of Microphallus (Trematoda: Microphallidae from Venezuela

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M.T Díaz

2004-06-01

Full Text Available During 1997-1999, a total of 94 crabs, Uca rapax were collected from La Sabana, La Ceiba and El Paujil, Sucre State, Venezuela. Of these 36 were infected with metacercariae. Two parasites were located in the abdominal muscles and one under the tissue of carapace and gonad. These metacercariae grew to adults in the following genera: Levinseniella, Microphallus and Maritrema, in the period of 2-5 days after feeding experimentally to the rat Rattus norvegicus, mice Mus musculus and duck Cairinia moschata. Specimens of the genus Microphallus were described herein as a new species M. sabanensis. The life cycle of M. sabanensis sp.nov. were studied experimentally using rat, mice and duck. All developmental stages and the adult are described. In addition, M. sabanensis was collected from wild birds Anas discors, Pluvialis squatarola, Butorides striatus, Egretta caerulea and Nycticorax violaceus from the same localitiesDurante 1997-1999, se recolectaron en La Sabana, La Ceiba y El Paujil del Distrito Cajigal, Estado Sucre, Venezuela, un total de 94 cangrejos Uca rapax, 36 de ellos estaban parasitados con tres especies de metacercarias de digéneos. Dos de ellos localizados en la musculatura del abdomen y una en el tejido que recubre internamente el caparazón y las gónadas. Estas metacercarias fueron dadas como alimento a ratones Mus musculus, ratas Rattus norvegicus, y patos Cairina moschata y tres genéros de microfálidos, Levinseniella, Microphallus y Maritrema fueron recuperados del intestino delgado de estos animales después de 2-5 días de la infección. Especimenes del genero Microphallus de este estudio se describen como Microphallus sabanensis sp.n. Se estudió experimentalmente los aspectos de ciclo vida de la especie, utilizando ratas, ratones y patos. Se describen todas las estapas larvales y los adultos. Además, M. sabanensis se encuentra naturalmente en las aves: Anas discors, Pluvialis squatarola, Butorides striatus, Egretta caerulea

Supplementary Material for: The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants

KAUST Repository

Hoehndorf, Robert

2016-01-01

Abstract Background The systematic analysis of a large number of comparable plant trait data can support investigations into phylogenetics and ecological adaptation, with broad applications in evolutionary biology, agriculture, conservation, and the functioning of ecosystems. Floras, i.e., books collecting the information on all known plant species found within a region, are a potentially rich source of such plant trait data. Floras describe plant traits with a focus on morphology and other traits relevant for species identification in addition to other characteristics of plant species, such as ecological affinities, distribution, economic value, health applications, traditional uses, and so on. However, a key limitation in systematically analyzing information in Floras is the lack of a standardized vocabulary for the described traits as well as the difficulties in extracting structured information from free text. Results We have developed the Flora Phenotype Ontology (FLOPO), an ontology for describing traits of plant species found in Floras. We used the Plant Ontology (PO) and the Phenotype And Trait Ontology (PATO) to extract entity-quality relationships from digitized taxon descriptions in Floras, and used a formal ontological approach based on phenotype description patterns and automated reasoning to generate the FLOPO. The resulting ontology consists of 25,407 classes and is based on the PO and PATO. The classified ontology closely follows the structure of Plant Ontology in that the primary axis of classification is the observed plant anatomical structure, and more specific traits are then classified based on parthood and subclass relations between anatomical structures as well as subclass relations between phenotypic qualities. Conclusions The FLOPO is primarily intended as a framework based on which plant traits can be integrated computationally across all species and higher taxa of flowering plants. Importantly, it is not intended to replace established

ANÁLISE DO COMPORTAMENTO ECOLÓGICO DE ESTUDANTES DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO

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José Milton de Sousa Filho

Full Text Available RESUMOO comportamento ecológico, ou pró-ambiental, tanto de atividades quanto de aspectos de vida dos indivíduos e da sociedade em relação ao meio ambiente, relaciona-se diretamente à conscientização ambiental que, atualmente, tem apoio no ensino de graduação em disciplinas como educação ambiental, que buscam formar o profissional mais consciente de seus atos em relação ao ambiente natural. O presente estudo quantitativo e descritivo buscou entender os fatores que influenciam o Comportamento Ecológico de universitários do curso de Administração, usando como amostra alunos de Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas e privadas, do Estado do Piauí. Para coleta, utilizou-se a Escala de Comportamento Ecológico, validada por Pato e Tamayo (2006, aplicada a discentes do curso de Bacharelado em Administração, com amostras de 486 respondentes. Foram utilizadas análises descritivas e multivariadas para avaliar os dados. A partir da análise paralela e da análise fatorial exploratória encontrou-se seis fatores que, em seguida, foram utilizados como variáveis independentes na análise de regressão, cuja variável dependente era o Comportamento Ecológico. A análise de regressão apresentou modelo de altíssimo nível explicativo, com R²=99,2%, validando os fatores explicativos do comportamento ecológico que, neste estudo, diferem dos de Pato e Tamayo (2006, especialmente subdividindo "economia de água e energia" em um fator para cada recurso e, também, separando "ativismo-consumo" em "ativismo" e "ativismo-consumo". As contribuições teóricas do estudo residem na distinção de resultados, ainda que se utilizando respondentes similares, no caso, estudantes, o que pode ser devido a fatores culturais ou regionais.

The flora phenotype ontology (FLOPO): tool for integrating morphological traits and phenotypes of vascular plants.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoehndorf, Robert; Alshahrani, Mona; Gkoutos, Georgios V; Gosline, George; Groom, Quentin; Hamann, Thomas; Kattge, Jens; de Oliveira, Sylvia Mota; Schmidt, Marco; Sierra, Soraya; Smets, Erik; Vos, Rutger A; Weiland, Claus

2016-11-14

The systematic analysis of a large number of comparable plant trait data can support investigations into phylogenetics and ecological adaptation, with broad applications in evolutionary biology, agriculture, conservation, and the functioning of ecosystems. Floras, i.e., books collecting the information on all known plant species found within a region, are a potentially rich source of such plant trait data. Floras describe plant traits with a focus on morphology and other traits relevant for species identification in addition to other characteristics of plant species, such as ecological affinities, distribution, economic value, health applications, traditional uses, and so on. However, a key limitation in systematically analyzing information in Floras is the lack of a standardized vocabulary for the described traits as well as the difficulties in extracting structured information from free text. We have developed the Flora Phenotype Ontology (FLOPO), an ontology for describing traits of plant species found in Floras. We used the Plant Ontology (PO) and the Phenotype And Trait Ontology (PATO) to extract entity-quality relationships from digitized taxon descriptions in Floras, and used a formal ontological approach based on phenotype description patterns and automated reasoning to generate the FLOPO. The resulting ontology consists of 25,407 classes and is based on the PO and PATO. The classified ontology closely follows the structure of Plant Ontology in that the primary axis of classification is the observed plant anatomical structure, and more specific traits are then classified based on parthood and subclass relations between anatomical structures as well as subclass relations between phenotypic qualities. The FLOPO is primarily intended as a framework based on which plant traits can be integrated computationally across all species and higher taxa of flowering plants. Importantly, it is not intended to replace established vocabularies or ontologies, but rather

Changes in assimilation of C3 marsh plants by resident fishes in estuarine systems with distinct hydrogeomorphology features.

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Adna Ferreira Garcia

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Although saltmarshes are widely recognized as important habitats providing shelter for estuarine organisms and protection against predators, there is still no consensus on the trophic value of marsh plants for estuarine food webs. We employed stable isotopes to evaluate differences in assimilation of nutrients derived from marsh plants with C3 (Juncus acutus, Scirpus maritimus, Scirpus olneyi and C4 (Spartina densiflora photosynthetic pathways by resident fishes in three estuaries with contrasting hydrogeomorphology characteristics. Carbon (δ13C and nitrogen (δ15N stable isotope ratios of basal food sources (C3 and C4 marsh plants, macroalgae, seagrass and seston and estuarine resident fishes (Achirus garmani, Atherinella brasiliensis, Genidens genidens, Ctenogobius shufeldti, Jenynsia multidentata, Odonthestes argentinensis were analyzed in two choked lagoons (Tramandai-29°S, Patos-30°S and a coastal river (Chui-33°S. Average δ13C values of consumers were statistically significant higher in the two choked-type estuaries (Tramandaí: -16.11; Patos: -15.82 than in the coastal river (Chui: -24.32 (p0.292. SIAR mixing models revealed that the most assimilated basal food sources by consumers in the choked-type lagoon estuaries were a pool of 13C enriched food sources (macroalgae, C4 marsh and seagrass and seston (95% credibility interval: 0.38 to 0.80 and 0.00 to 0.54, respectively. In contrast, nutrients derived from C3-marsh plants were the main basal food source assimilated by estuarine resident fishes at the coastal river (0.33 to 0.87. These findings could be explained by the absence of extensive shallow embayments and a steeper slope at the coastal river that could promote higher transport of C3-marsh detritus and, consequently, higher assimilation by estuarine fishes. In contrast, detritus derived from C3 marsh plants could be trapped in the upper intertidal zone of choked-typed estuaries and, consequently, be less available for aquatic

{sup 210}Pb geochronology and chemical characterization of sediment cores from lakes of the Parana river alluvial plain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teixeira, L.F.L.; Damatto, S.R.; Scapin, M.A. [IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (Brazil); Remor, M.B.; Sampaio, S.C. [UNIOESTE - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The flood plain of the upper Parana River is located among the lakes formed by the Brazilian hydroelectric plants being the last part of the Parana river, in Brazil, where there is an ecosystem with interaction river-flood plain. This flood plain has considerable habitat variability, with great diversity of terrestrial and aquatic species, and the floods are the main factor that regulates the operation of this ecosystem. The seasonality of the flood pulses is mainly influenced by the El Nino phenomenon, which increases precipitation in the drainage basin of the flood plain of the upper Parana River. Because of its unique characteristics this ecosystem is the subject of intense study since 1980, mainly from the ecological point of view. Therefore, two sediment cores were collected in the ponds formed by the floods, Patos pond and Garcas pond, in order to characterize the sediment chemically and evaluate a possible historic contamination. The trace element concentrations As, Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Hf, La, Lu, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, U, Yb and Zn (mg.kg{sup -1}) and the major elements Si, Al, Fe, Ti, K, Ca, Mg, P, V, Mn, and Na (%) were determined in the sediment cores dated by {sup 210}Pb method, using instrumental neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence and gross beta counting, respectively. The results obtained for the elements Ce, Cr, Cs, La, Nd, Sc, Sm and Th are higher than the values of Upper Continental Crust for both ponds. The sedimentation rates obtained for Garca pond, 0.77 cm.y{sup -1}, and Patos pond, 0.62 cm.y{sup -1} are in agreement with studies performed in sedimentary environments similar to the present work, such as Brazilian wetland Pantanal. The enrichment factor and the geo-accumulation index were used to assess the presence of anthropogenic sources of pollution. Document available in abstract form only. (authors)

Use of erp systems as antecedent of (interorganizational efficiency and effectiveness: a study in strategic dimensions in small and medium sized enterprises

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Renato Borges Fernandes

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to analyze the impact of the use of ERP systems on organizational efficiency and effectiveness and inter-organizational efficiency of small and medium enterprises in Patos de Minas County. Using a survey adapted from Saccol et al. (2004, the study evaluated the strategic dimensions of customers and consumers, suppliers, market and competitive rivalry and their relationship to organizational efficiency and effectiveness and inter-organizational efficiency, all of which aided by ERP systems. The results showed slight positive relationship in explaining the organizational efficiency and effectiveness and a little higher in inter-organizational efficiency. It is concluded that ERP systems have low relevance to the strategic aspects on small and medium enterprises, confirming the thesis of the need to maturity in the use of information systems to extract strategic benefits.

Jan Patočkas politisches Denken. Anmerkungen mit Blick auf Hannah Arendt und Carl Schmitt

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Hagedorn, Ludger

2007-01-01

Roč. 47, č. 2 (2007), s. 300-309 ISSN 0523-8587 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90090514 Keywords : Political Theory – Existentialism – Liberty – Totalitarianism – Philosophy of History Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Improving phosphorus availability from Patos phosphate rock for Eucalyptus: a study with 32P radiotracer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Villanueva, Felipe Carlos Alvarez; Muraoka, Takashi; Trevizam, Anderson Ricardo

2006-01-01

Eucalyptus plantation in Brazil is generally set on low fertility soils, therefore phosphorus (P) fertilization is mandatory and increases the cost of plantation operation. Using species that more efficiently uptake phosphorus from less soluble sources is an interesting option. However, little is known about eucalyptus regarding its ability of using less soluble forms of phosphorus. The use of P by eucalyptus (E. urophylla, E. grandis, and E. urophylla E. grandis) was studied in greenhouse using a loamy-textured, hipodystrophic Typic Haplustox from the Cerrado region, and 32P isotopic method. The P sources tested were triple superphosphate (TSP), phosphate rock (PR) and the triple superphosphate mixed with PR (TSP+PR). The effectiveness of P sources in terms of increasing dry matter yield was TSP = (TSP + PR) > PR, and the P uptake followed the order (TSP + PR) > TSP > PR for both species plus the hybrid. The increase in P uptake from PR due to TSP influence was 217.3% for E. urophylla, 235.7% for E. grandis, and 28.7% for E. urophylla E. grandis, indicating an enhancement effect of TSP on the effectiveness of PR. The hybrid E. urophylla E. grandis was the most efficient genotype on P soil use and E. grandis most exigent in P fertilizer. (author)

Comparative efficacy and pathogenicity of keratinophilic soil fungi against Culex quinquefasciatus larvae.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohanty, Suman Sundar; Prakash, Soam

2010-09-01

Out of seven fungal species belonging to four genera isolated from pond and wallow soils using feathers of Pavo cristatus as bait, four species viz., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Chrysosporium pseudomerdarium and Trichophyton ajelloi were most frequent. Chrysosporium and Trichophyton spp. were more pathogenic on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae than Aspergillus and Penicillium. The bioefficacy tests conducted as per the protocol of World Health Organization and the LC(50) values calculated by the Probit analysis showed that 3(rd)-instar C. quinquefasciatus were more susceptible to the conidia of above fungi. Highest mortality was observed in the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus when exposed to T. ajelloi. The density of fungal conidia was greatest on the ventral brush, palmate hair and anal region of the mosquito larvae after exposing for 72 hours. The potentiality of these fungi for use in the control of C. quinquefasciatus is discussed which can be exploited as a suitable biocontrol agent in the tropics.

Noise pollution has limited effects on nocturnal vigilance in peahens

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Jessica L. Yorzinski

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Natural environments are increasingly exposed to high levels of noise pollution. Noise pollution can alter the behavior of animals but we know little about its effects on antipredator behavior. We therefore investigated the impact of noise pollution on vigilance behavior and roost selection in an avian species, peafowl (Pavo cristatus, that inhabits urban environments. Captive peahens were exposed to noise pollution at night and their vigilance levels and roost selections were monitored. The vigilance levels of peahens were unaffected by exposure to noise pollution within trials. Furthermore, the peahens exhibited no preference for roosting farther or closer to noise pollution. Interestingly, predators often avoided the experimental area during nights with noise pollution, which could explain why vigilance rates were higher overall during control compared to noise trials. The results suggest that peahens’ perception of risk is not drastically impacted by noise pollution but longer-term studies will be necessary to assess any chronic effects.

Noise pollution has limited effects on nocturnal vigilance in peahens.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Hermann, Fredrick S

2016-01-01

Natural environments are increasingly exposed to high levels of noise pollution. Noise pollution can alter the behavior of animals but we know little about its effects on antipredator behavior. We therefore investigated the impact of noise pollution on vigilance behavior and roost selection in an avian species, peafowl ( Pavo cristatus ), that inhabits urban environments. Captive peahens were exposed to noise pollution at night and their vigilance levels and roost selections were monitored. The vigilance levels of peahens were unaffected by exposure to noise pollution within trials. Furthermore, the peahens exhibited no preference for roosting farther or closer to noise pollution. Interestingly, predators often avoided the experimental area during nights with noise pollution, which could explain why vigilance rates were higher overall during control compared to noise trials. The results suggest that peahens' perception of risk is not drastically impacted by noise pollution but longer-term studies will be necessary to assess any chronic effects.

Galaxy evolution and large-scale structure in the far-infrared. I. IRAS pointed observations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lonsdale, C.J.; Hacking, P.B.

1989-01-01

Redshifts for 66 galaxies were obtained from a sample of 93 60-micron sources detected serendipitously in 22 IRAS deep pointed observations, covering a total area of 18.4 sq deg. The flux density limit of this survey is 150 mJy, 4 times fainter than the IRAS Point Source Catalog (PSC). The luminosity function is similar in shape with those previously published for samples selected from the PSC, with a median redshift of 0.048 for the fainter sample, but shifted to higher space densities. There is evidence that some of the excess number counts in the deeper sample can be explained in terms of a large-scale density enhancement beyond the Pavo-Indus supercluster. In addition, the faintest counts in the new sample confirm the result of Hacking et al. (1989) that faint IRAS 60-micron source counts lie significantly in excess of an extrapolation of the PSC counts assuming no luminosity or density evolution. 81 refs

Artificial light pollution increases nocturnal vigilance in peahens.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Chisholm, Sarah; Byerley, Sydney D; Coy, Jeanee R; Aziz, Aisyah; Wolf, Jamie A; Gnerlich, Amanda C

2015-01-01

Artificial light pollution is drastically changing the sensory environments of animals. Even though many animals are now living in these changed environments, the effect light pollution has on animal behavior is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of light pollution on nocturnal vigilance in peahens (Pavo cristatus). Captive peahens were exposed to either artificial lighting or natural lighting at night. We employed a novel method to record their vigilance behavior by attaching accelerometers to their heads and continuously monitoring their large head movements. We found that light pollution significantly increases nocturnal vigilance in peahens. Furthermore, the birds faced a trade-off between vigilance and sleep at night: peahens that were more vigilant spent less time sleeping. Given the choice, peahens preferred to roost away from high levels of artificial lighting but showed no preference for roosting without artificial lighting or with low levels of artificial lighting. Our study demonstrates that light pollution can have a substantial impact on animal behavior that can potentially result in fitness consequences.

Pathological and molecular studies of the renal trematode Paratanaisia bragai in Indian peafowls (Pavo cristatus).

Science.gov (United States)

Asok Kumar, M; Kumar, Deepak; Palanivelu, Munuswamy; Annamalai, Latchumikanthan; Mathesh, Karikalan; Singh, Rajendra; Sharma, Anil Kumar; Dhama, Kuldeep

2018-03-26

Endoparasitic diseases are commonly encountered in free-ranging birds. Although not all endoparasites cause disease, persistent infection with large numbers of parasites almost always affects normal physiological functions, leading to deleterious effects on the host. This paper describes the anatomopathological alterations caused by the renal trematode Paratanaisia bragai in Indian peafowl (n = 3) and examines the phylogeny of these and related parasites. Peafowl from forests in and around the Bareilly region, Uttar Pradesh, India, were necropsied, and microscopic and molecular investigations were performed. The peafowl were confirmed to be infected with P. bragai. Significant gross pathological lesions suggested nephrosis, and microscopic findings indicated a mild-to-moderate degree of nephrosis caused by the parasites in the tissue. The parasites were identified as P. bragai by histomorphological analysis of adult and eggs in the ureters, and the identification was confirmed by PCR and phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products from the renal trematodes recovered from Indian peafowl revealed a close association with P. bragai from Columbiformes in the United Kingdom and Spain. The pathology and molecular epidemiology of parasitic diseases affecting peafowl is not well understood in India. This is the first report from India and the second report worldwide to document P. bragai infection in peafowl.

Uso de Recortes de Pavo y Pollo para el Desarrollo de Productos Cárnicos Funcionales

OpenAIRE

Franco, Indira; Fraguela, Carlos

2014-01-01

Los productos cárnicos son considerados alimentos que proporcionan proteína, altos contenidos de grasas saturadas, sodio, y muchos de ellos contienen conservantes artificiales como nitritos y nitratos. El desarrollo de embutidos cocidos funcionales abarca productos con características tales como: bajos en sodio, bajos en grasas saturadas, sin conservantes, sin preservantes, libres de gluten, sin azúcar, altos en fibra, con adición de omega 3 y probióticos. El objetivo de esta investigación es...

First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Martinelli, Agustín G.; Ferraz, Patrícia Fonseca; Cunha, Gabriel Cardoso; Cunha, Isabella Cardoso; de Souza Carvalho, Ismar; Borges Ribeiro, Luiz Carlos; Neto, Francisco Macedo; Cavellani, Camila Lourencini; de Paula Antunes Teixeira, Vicente; da Fonseca Ferraz, Mara Lúcia

2012-08-01

Although the occurrence of Pleistocene mammals is abundant in many localities of Minas Gerais State (e.g., Lagoa Santa, Janaúba, Bambuí, Cordisburgo, Patos de Minas, Araxá), there are no references at present of Quaternary megafauna in Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro, southeastern Brazil. This region is traditionally recognized for its taxonomically diverse fauna of the Late Cretaceous Bauru Group. In 2006, fossil material attributed to giant ground sloth Eremotherium laurillardi (Xenarthra, Megatheriidae), a typical taxon of the Brazilian Pleistocene, was discovered in the Uberaba City (Minas Gerais State). The specimen (CPP 1122) which is here described consists of several cranial and postcranial bones of a single individual. The material was confined to a small alluvial deposit, yielding in the Córrego da Saudade stream, which due its restricted area distribution it is not represented in geological maps.

A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae, with descriptions of 15 new species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William G. R. Crampton

Amazon basin; B. benjamini, new species, and B. verdii, new species, in the upper Amazon basin; B. bennetti, in the upper, central, and lower Amazon, lower Tocantins, and upper Madeira basins; B. bullocki in the Orinoco, Negro and Essequibo drainages; B. diazi in the Orinoco Llanos; B. flavipomus, new species, and B. hamiltoni, new species, in the central and upper Amazon basin; B. hendersoni, new species, in the central Amazon, lower Negro and Essequibo basins; B. pinnicaudatus in the central and lower Amazon, lower, upper Madeira, lower Tocantins and Mearim basins, and coastal French Guiana; and B. provenzanoi, new species, in the upper Orinoco and upper Negro basins. Five species are known from the Paraná-Paraguay-Uruguay basin and adjacent southern Atlantic drainages: B. bombilla in the lower Paraná, upper, central, and lower Paraguay, Uruguay and Patos-Mirim drainages; B. brevirostris in the upper Paraguay basin; B. draco in the lower Paraná, lower Paraguay, Uruguay, Patos-Mirim, and Tramandaí basins; B. gauderio in the lower Paraná, upper, central, and lower Paraguay, Uruguay, Patos-Mirim and Tramandaí basins; and B. walteri in the lower Paraná and upper Paraguay basins. Two species occur in small Atlantic drainages of southern Brazil: B. janeiroensis in the São João, Paraíba and small intervening drainages; and B. jureiae in the Ribeira de Iguape and Una do Prelado. One species occurs in the middle and upper São Francisco basin: B. menezesi, new species. Three species occur in trans-Andean drainages: B. diazi in Caribbean drainages of northern Venezuela; B. occidentalis in Atlantic and Pacific drainages of southern Costa Rica and Panama to Darién, and the Maracaibo, Magdalena, Sinú and Atrato drainages; and B. palenque, new species, in Pacific drainages of Ecuador.

Identification of duck plague virus by polymerase chain reaction

Science.gov (United States)

Hansen, W.R.; Brown, Sean E.; Nashold, S.W.; Knudson, D.L.

1999-01-01

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for detecting duck plague virus. A 765-bp EcoRI fragment cloned from the genome of the duck plague vaccine (DP-VAC) virus was sequenced for PCR primer development. The fragment sequence was found by GenBank alignment searches to be similar to the 3a?? ends of an undefined open reading frame and the gene for DNA polymerase protein in other herpesviruses. Three of four primer sets were found to be specific for the DP-VAC virus and 100% (7/7) of field isolates but did not amplify DNA from inclusion body disease of cranes virus. The specificity of one primer set was tested with genome templates from other avian herpesviruses, including those from a golden eagle, bald eagle, great horned owl, snowy owl, peregrine falcon, prairie falcon, pigeon, psittacine, and chicken (infectious laryngotracheitis), but amplicons were not produced. Hence, this PCR test is highly specific for duck plague virus DNA. Two primer sets were able to detect 1 fg of DNA from the duck plague vaccine strain, equivalent to five genome copies. In addition, the ratio of tissue culture infectious doses to genome copies of duck plague vaccine virus from infected duck embryo cells was determined to be 1:100, making the PCR assay 20 times more sensitive than tissue culture for detecting duck plague virus. The speed, sensitivity, and specificity of this PCR provide a greatly improved diagnostic and research tool for studying the epizootiology of duck plague. /// Se desarroll?? una prueba de reacci??n en cadena por la polimerasa para detectar el virus de la peste del pato. Un fragmento EcoRI de 765 pares de bases clonado del genoma del virus vacunal de la peste del pato fue secuenciado para la obtenci??n de los iniciadores de la prueba de la reacci??n en cadena por la polimerasa. En investigaciones de alineaci??n en el banco de genes ('GenBank') se encontr?? que la secuencia del fragmento era similar a los extremos 3a?? de un marco de lectura abierto

Lepidopterismo por Hylesia Nigricans (mariposa negra: Investigación y acción preventiva en Buenos Aires Lepidopterism due to the butterfly Hylesia nigricans: Preventive research-intervention in Buenos Aires

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Ascar D. Salomón

2005-06-01

Full Text Available En el barrio El Pato, municipio de Berazategui, provincia de Buenos Aires, se realizó una investigación-acción preventiva contra la «mariposa negra» Hylesia nigricans, luego del aumento de consultas espontáneas por dermatitis inespecífica. La incidencia pre-intervención, durante el verano del año 2001, se estimó mediante una encuesta semiestructurada. En noviembre de 2002 se roció con Bacillus thuringiensis el arbolado público, evaluándose su efecto insecticida en campo y en laboratorio. El impacto se estimó mediante una encuesta post-intervención en marzo de 2002. La distribución por edad, signos clínicos, persistencia (11 días y estacionalidad de los casos (enero-febrero 2001 fue consistente con dermatitis por H. nigricans. La mortalidad de larvas a las 96 horas del rociado fue del 100%. Las tasas de incidencia de dermatitis antes y después de la intervención fueron de 10.3% y 1.8% respectivamente. La acción coordinada de agentes nacionales, provinciales y locales permitió identificar el problema, diseñar investigaciones operacionales, y aplicar una estrategia de control preventivo, transferible por sus mismos efectores a la comunidad.A preventive research-intervention against the butterfly Hylesia nigricans was performed after an increase in spontaneous reports of nonspecific dermatitis in El Pato neighbourhood, Berazategui County, Buenos Aires Province. The overall pre-intervention incidence was estimated with a semistructured questionnaire carried out during March 2001. The trees in the street were sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis, and the insecticide effect was evaluated both in the field and in the laboratory (November 2002. The impact was estimated with a post-intervention questionnaire during March 2002. The age distribution, clinical appearance, persistence (11 days and seasonality (January-February 2001 of the cases were consistent with dermatitis due to H. nigricans. The mortality of larvae 96 h after the

Evaluation of intervarietal maize hybrids through partial diallel cross, considering four environments/ Avaliação de híbridos intervarietais de milho por meio de cruzamento dialélico parcial, considerando quatro ambientes

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Pedro Mário de Araújo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available In the summer season of 2004/2005, 12 intervarietal maize hybrids, crossed by the partial diallel scheme 3 x 4, the seven parental populations and three checks were evaluated at Iapar Experimental Stations in Londrina, Pato Branco, Ponta Grossa e Guarapuava. The objective was to identify crosses for future work with recurrent selection, inbred lines extraction and composite synthesis. For Heterosis variation cause, the differences were determined (PForam avaliados 12 híbridos intervarietais de milho (Zea mays L., cruzados em esquema dialélico parcial 3 x 4 mais as sete populações parentais e 3 testemunhas. Os ensaios foram implantados nas estações experimentais do Iapar em Londrina, Pato Branco, Ponta Grossa e Guarapuava. O objetivo foi avaliar um conjunto de sete populações no sentido de se estimar parâmetros que venham a auxiliar na escolha de materiais para posteriores trabalhos com seleção recorrente, extração de linhagens e síntese de compostos. Para a fonte Heterose as diferenças foram constatadas (p < 0,01 para as variáveis produtividade de grãos e florescimento feminino, indicando que os cruzamentos foram superiores aos pais. Em relação aos valores de Capacidade Geral de Combinação para rendimento, os parentais do grupo-1, PC 9407 e BR 106, obtiveram como valores 36,7 e 171,1 kg.ha-1, respectivamente, e os parentais do grupos-2, PC 9701 e PC 9502, apresentaram valores de 131,1 e 56,8 kg.ha-1, respectivamente,. Para a Capacidade Específica de Combinação, os maiores valores foram para PC 9701 x BR 106 (205,4 kg.ha-1 e PC 9502 x PC 9407 (135,3 kg.ha-1, assim como as maiores médias de produtividade de grãos dos cruzamentos avaliados (9.297 e 9.018 kg.ha-1, respectivamente. As populações PC 9701, BR 106, PC 9502 e PC 9407 são promissoras fontes para a extração de linhagens visando desenvolvimento de híbridos, síntese de compostos e trabalhos com seleção recorrente.

Forage yield and quality of a dense thorny and thornless "jurema-preta" stand Produção e qualidade da forragem de jurema-preta com e sem acúleos em plantio adensado

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Ivonete Alves Bakke

2007-03-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to compare forage production and quality of thorny and thornless "jurema-preta" (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poiret in a dense planted stand, subjected to annual pruning of fine branches, in Patos, PB, Brazil. The experiment consisted of two treatments (thornless and thorny "jurema-preta" in a complete randomized block design, with ten replicates of two linear plots subdivided in time. Forage mass and chemical composition of fine branches and the basal diameter of plants were measured during five years. Pruning decreased (p0.05 for both genotypes. This roughage fodder (minimum NDF and ADF averages were 56±1.1% and 43±1.0%, respectively had low P and K concentrations. Its average crude protein content was greater than 9.9±0.5%, which exceeds the minimum necessary for animal maintenance. Both "jurema-preta" genotypes tolerated pruning of fine branches and contributed with a significant amount of roughage fodder for animal maintenance in the dry season.O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a produção e qualidade da forragem de jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd. Poiret com e sem acúleos, em plantio adensado, submetida ao corte anual dos ramos finos, em Patos, PB. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, com dois tratamentos (plantas sem acúleos e plantas com acúleos, com dez repetições de duas parcelas lineares subdivididas no tempo. A produção e composição química da forragem de ramos finos e o diâmetro basal das plantas foram medidos durante cinco anos. A poda diminuiu (p0,05 para os dois fenótipos. Este volumoso - valores médios mínimos para FDN e FDA: 56±1,1% e 43±1,1%, respectivamente - mostrou-se pobre em P e K. Seu teor médio de proteína bruta acima de 9,9±0,5% superou o mínimo necessário para a manutenção animal. Os dois genótipos toleraram a poda dos ramos e contribuíram com uma quantidade significativa de volumoso para a manutenção de ruminantes na estação seca.

On facing the God-question in a pastoral theology of compassion: From imperialistic omni-categories to theopaschitic pathos-categories

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Daniel J. Louw

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Many scholars in the 20th century warned against static, ontological and metaphysicalschemata of interpretation, stemming from Hellenistic thinking with its impact on God images in Christian reflection. Against the background of new spiritual and philosophica lphenomena like apatheism and anatheism, the question regarding the appropriateness o fexisting categories for God within the framework of pastoral theology surfaces. A paradigm shift from omni-categories to pathos-categories is proposed in order to deal with issues like human suffering, dignity and justice. In this regard, theopaschitic theology can play adecisive role in the reframing of existing static God-images stemming predominantly from the Roman-Greco world. The notion of a ‘sustainable God’ is introduced in order to reframe God’s compassionate presence (ta splanchna in terms of a continuum of infinitive interventions (infiniscience and the pneumatology of to-be-with. Die dinamika van die God-vraagstuk in ’n pastorale teologie van medelye en omgee: Vanafimperialistiese omni-kategorieë na teopasgitiese patos-kategorieë. Navorsers het telkemale in die twintigste eeu teen die impak van statiese, ontologiese en metafisiese skemas van interpretasie gewaarsku. Teïstiese denke is grootliks deur Hellenistiese denkkategorieë bepaal. Teen die agtergrond van nuwe filosofiese verskynsels soos apateïsme en anateïsme en die invloed daarvan op die verskillende vorms van spiritualiteitsdenke, duik die vraag op na die toepaslikheid en relevansie van bestaande, geykte denkkategorië vir die Christelike verstaan van God. Die vraagstuk van lyding, menswaardigheid en geregtigheid stel nuwe eise aan ’n pastorale teologie wat met kontekstuele lewensvraagstukke erns maak. In die lig hiervan word ’n paradigmaskuif in teologisering, vanaf omni-kategorieë na patos-kategorieë voorgestel. Dit word beredeneer dat ’n teopasgitiese teologie ’n belangrike bydrae kan lewer om statiese

Speed and path control for conflict-free flight in high air traffic demand in terminal airspace

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Rezaei, Ali

To accommodate the growing air traffic demand, flights will need to be planned and navigated with a much higher level of precision than today's aircraft flight path. The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) stands to benefit significantly in safety and efficiency from such movement of aircraft along precisely defined paths. Air Traffic Operations (ATO) relying on such precision--the Precision Air Traffic Operations or PATO--are the foundation of high throughput capacity envisioned for the future airports. In PATO, the preferred method is to manage the air traffic by assigning a speed profile to each aircraft in a given fleet in a given airspace (in practice known as (speed control). In this research, an algorithm has been developed, set in the context of a Hybrid Control System (HCS) model, that determines whether a speed control solution exists for a given fleet of aircraft in a given airspace and if so, computes this solution as a collective speed profile that assures separation if executed without deviation. Uncertainties such as weather are not considered but the algorithm can be modified to include uncertainties. The algorithm first computes all feasible sequences (i.e., all sequences that allow the given fleet of aircraft to reach destinations without violating the FAA's separation requirement) by looking at all pairs of aircraft. Then, the most likely sequence is determined and the speed control solution is constructed by a backward trajectory generation, starting with the aircraft last out and proceeds to the first out. This computation can be done for different sequences in parallel which helps to reduce the computation time. If such a solution does not exist, then the algorithm calculates a minimal path modification (known as path control) that will allow separation-compliance speed control. We will also prove that the algorithm will modify the path without creating a new separation violation. The new path will be generated by adding new

Detection and molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus in peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in Haryana State, India.

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Kumar, Aman; Maan, Sushila; Mahajan, Nand Kishore; Rana, Virender Pratap; Jindal, Naresh; Batra, Kanisht; Ghosh, Arnab; Mishra, Shiv Kumar; Kapoor, Sanjay; Maan, Narender Singh

2013-12-01

Present study was undertaken to investigate the cause of deaths of peafowls in Haryana State. In total, 145 birds were sick and 28 birds were reported dead during July to September 2012. Some of the sick birds were showing signs of shaking of heads, torticollis and paresis. Blood and cloacal swab samples from sick birds along with brain and intestinal tissues from dead birds were collected for further investigation. Although post-mortem examination showed no typical lesions of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) yet raised HI tires against NDV in some serum samples and clinical signs indicated the presence of NDV. One of the brain tissues (NDV/IND2012/01) from the field case was processed and adapted to Vero cell line for virus isolation. The fusion (F) gene based nested RT-PCR (RT-nPCR) confirmed the presence of NDV in all field samples and cell culture isolate. Sequencing of the partial F gene amplicons (216 bp) using the PCR primers as sequencing primers confirmed the PCR results. The deduced amino acid sequences of partial F gene were found to have the amino acid motif (111)GRRQKR/F(117) in the fusion protein cleavage site (FPCS). This amino acid motif is indicative of the velogenic nature of these NDVs. Phylogenetic studies have shown that the virus belonged to class II genotype VII very closely related to virus isolates originated from outbreaks in Western Europe, Israel, Indonesia, Taiwan and India. Phylogenetic grouping of the virus and sequence of FPCS is indicative of pathogenic potential of virus strain circulating in peacocks in Haryana.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Wild Peacock (Pavo cristatus) in India.

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Khulape, Sagar A; Gaikwad, Satish S; Chellappa, Madhan Mohan; Mishra, Bishnu Prasad; Dey, Sohini

2014-06-05

We report here the complete genome sequence of a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from a wild peacock. Phylogenetic analysis showed that it belongs to genotype II, class II of NDV strains. This study helps to understand the ecology of NDV strains circulating in a wild avian host of this geographical region during the outbreak of 2012 in northwest India. Copyright © 2014 Khulape et al.

Use of Pavo cristatus feather extract for the better management of snakebites: neutralization of inflammatory reactions.

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Murari, Satish K; Frey, Felix J; Frey, Brigitte M; Gowda, There V; Vishwanath, Bannikuppe S

2005-06-03

In Indian traditional medicine, peacock feather in the form of ash (Bhasma) or water extract are used against snakebite and to treat various problems associated with lungs. This study was aimed to evaluate the water extract of peacock feather (PCF) against the local tissue damage caused due to snakebite. PCF water extract showed inhibition towards phospholipase A2 enzyme activity from snake venom (Naja naja and Vipera russelii), inflammatory fluids (synovial, pleural, ascites) and normal serum in a dose-dependent manner. Hyaluronidase and proteases are other major enzymes in snake venoms responsible for local tissue damage. PCF water extract inhibited hyaluronidase and proteolytic enzyme activities from Vipera russelii, Naja naja and Trimeresurus malabaricus venom. The active principle is a hydrophilic molecule easily extractable in water or polar solvents. PCF water extract gave positive results for the presence of protein and secondary metabolites like carotenoids and steroids. Analysis of metal ions revealed that iron is the major ion (> 20-fold). Other metal ions detected in smaller amount are copper, chromium, zinc and nickel. The least amount of ion detected is gold. Co-injection of PCF water extract with snake venom and inflammatory PLA2 enzymes neutralize the edema inducing activity of all the PLA2 enzymes studied. Since it inhibits hyaluronidase and proteases enzyme activity from snake venom PCF water extract is a powerful neutralizing agent, which has therapeutic application against venom toxicity.

¿CÓMO ENGANCHAN ELLAS DE LA NACIÓN? SOBRE LA POESÍA ÉPICA A COMIENZOS DEL SIGLO XXI

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Helena González

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Puede hacerse cargo la poeta del nosotros sin sucumbir a una idea de comunidad sentimental vertebrada a partir de una postergación utópica? ¿Cómo puede llevar a debate al mismo tiempo la causa de las mujeres y la de la nación subalterna sin que una tienda a abarcar a la otra como paraguas totalizador? ¿Cómo se construye una épica no heroica adecuada a un tiempo en el que no son posibles las narraciones míticas o técnicas sobre el origen de una comunidad? Chus Pato y Ana Romaní ofrecen en sus poemarios publicados a partir del año 2000 modelos que interrogan a la comunidad desde la transformación de las formas poéticas de lo épico para cuestionar la identidad nacional desde la diferencia sexual.

Impacto da utilização de sistemas de ERP em dimensões estratégicas de pequenas e médias empresas

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Renato Borges Fernandes

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to analyze the impact of the use of ERP (enterprise resource planning systems in small and medium-sized companies in the municipality of Patos de Minas. Using a survey adapted from Saccol et al. (2004, the study evaluated a series of strategic factors: customers and consumers, competitive rivalry, suppliers, organizational efficiency and effectiveness, and interorganizational efficiency. The results showed a medium-to-low relevance of the system for the stated factors and confirm the literature, indicating smaller and greater strategic use for smaller (small and larger (mediumsized companies, respectively. In particular, the smallest differences between small and medium-sized companies are found in the competitive rivalry factor and the largest differences in the inter-organizational efficiency factor. We conclude that ERP systems are of medium importance for the strategic aspects of small and medium-sized companies but are the basis for further strategic support.

Artificial light pollution increases nocturnal vigilance in peahens

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Jessica L. Yorzinski

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Artificial light pollution is drastically changing the sensory environments of animals. Even though many animals are now living in these changed environments, the effect light pollution has on animal behavior is poorly understood. We investigated the effect of light pollution on nocturnal vigilance in peahens (Pavo cristatus. Captive peahens were exposed to either artificial lighting or natural lighting at night. We employed a novel method to record their vigilance behavior by attaching accelerometers to their heads and continuously monitoring their large head movements. We found that light pollution significantly increases nocturnal vigilance in peahens. Furthermore, the birds faced a trade-off between vigilance and sleep at night: peahens that were more vigilant spent less time sleeping. Given the choice, peahens preferred to roost away from high levels of artificial lighting but showed no preference for roosting without artificial lighting or with low levels of artificial lighting. Our study demonstrates that light pollution can have a substantial impact on animal behavior that can potentially result in fitness consequences.

Variation in the peacock's train shows a genetic component.

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Petrie, Marion; Cotgreave, Peter; Pike, Thomas W

2009-01-01

Female peafowl (Pavo cristatus) show a strong mating preference for males with elaborate trains. This, however, poses something of a paradox because intense directional selection should erode genetic variation in the males' trains, so that females will no longer benefit by discriminating among males on the basis of these traits. This situation is known as the 'lek paradox', and leads to the theoretical expectation of low heritability in the peacock's train. We used two independent breeding experiments, involving a total of 42 sires and 86 of their male offspring, to estimate the narrow sense heritabilities of male ornaments and other morphometric traits. Contrary to expectation, we found significant levels of heritability in a trait known to be used by females during mate choice (train length), while no significant heritabilities were evident for other, non-fitness related morphological traits (tarsus length, body weight or spur length). This study adds to the building body of evidence that high levels of additive genetic variance can exist in secondary sexual traits under directional selection, but further emphasizes the main problem of what maintains this variation.

Classification of peacock feather reflectance using principal component analysis similarity factors from multispectral imaging data.

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Medina, José M; Díaz, José A; Vukusic, Pete

2015-04-20

Iridescent structural colors in biology exhibit sophisticated spatially-varying reflectance properties that depend on both the illumination and viewing angles. The classification of such spectral and spatial information in iridescent structurally colored surfaces is important to elucidate the functional role of irregularity and to improve understanding of color pattern formation at different length scales. In this study, we propose a non-invasive method for the spectral classification of spatial reflectance patterns at the micron scale based on the multispectral imaging technique and the principal component analysis similarity factor (PCASF). We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach and its component methods by detailing its use in the study of the angle-dependent reflectance properties of Pavo cristatus (the common peacock) feathers, a species of peafowl very well known to exhibit bright and saturated iridescent colors. We show that multispectral reflectance imaging and PCASF approaches can be used as effective tools for spectral recognition of iridescent patterns in the visible spectrum and provide meaningful information for spectral classification of the irregularity of the microstructure in iridescent plumage.

Offspring sex ratio is related to paternal train elaboration and yolk corticosterone in peafowl.

Science.gov (United States)

Pike, Thomas W; Petrie, Marion

2005-06-22

Several recent experimental studies have provided strong evidence for the ability of birds to manipulate the sex ratio of their offspring prior to laying. Using a captive population of peafowl (Pavo cristatus), we tested experimentally the effects of paternal attractiveness on offspring sex ratio, and related sex ratio deviations to egg-yolk concentrations of testosterone, 17beta-estradiol and corticosterone. When females were mated to males whose attractiveness had been experimentally reduced by removing prominent eyespot feathers from their trains, they produced significantly more female offspring, had significantly higher yolk corticosterone concentrations and tended to have lower levels of yolk testosterone than when mated to the same males with their full complement of feathers. Concentrations of 17beta-estradiol did not vary consistently with sex ratio biases. These findings add to the small number of studies providing experimental evidence that female birds can control the primary sex ratio of their offspring in response to paternal attractiveness, and highlight the possibility that corticosterone and perhaps testosterone are involved in the sex manipulation process in birds.

Experimental Inoculation of BFDV-Positive Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus with Two Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium Isolates

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Aleksandra Ledwoń

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Beak and feather disease virus- (BFDV- positive (naturally infected but clinically healthy budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus were inoculated with two isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium isolated from naturally infected golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus and peafowl (Pavo cristatus. During a period of more than two months after inoculation, samples of cloacal and crop swabs, faeces, and blood were obtained for BFDV and Mycobacterium avium testing with PCR. Birds were euthanized nine weeks after inoculation. All infected budgerigars developed signs typical of mycobacteriosis, but more advanced clinical and pathological changes were visible in the group infected with the pheasant isolate. Only a few cloacal and crop swab samples were positive for Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium despite advanced pathological changes in the internal organs. In the groups infected with mycobacterium isolates the frequency of BFDV-positive samples was higher than in the control group. In the infected groups the frequency of BFDV was substantially higher in the cloacal swabs of birds inoculated with the pheasant isolate than in the peafowl-isolate-infected group.

Eye and head movements shape gaze shifts in Indian peafowl.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Patricelli, Gail L; Platt, Michael L; Land, Michael F

2015-12-01

Animals selectively direct their visual attention toward relevant aspects of their environments. They can shift their attention using a combination of eye, head and body movements. While we have a growing understanding of eye and head movements in mammals, we know little about these processes in birds. We therefore measured the eye and head movements of freely behaving Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) using a telemetric eye-tracker. Both eye and head movements contributed to gaze changes in peafowl. When gaze shifts were smaller, eye movements played a larger role than when gaze shifts were larger. The duration and velocity of eye and head movements were positively related to the size of the eye and head movements, respectively. In addition, the coordination of eye and head movements in peafowl differed from that in mammals; peafowl exhibited a near-absence of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which may partly result from the peafowl's ability to move their heads as quickly as their eyes. © 2015. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Experimental inoculation of BFDV-positive budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) with two Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium isolates.

Science.gov (United States)

Ledwoń, Aleksandra; Sapierzyński, Rafał; Augustynowicz-Kopeć, Ewa; Szeleszczuk, Piotr; Kozak, Marcin

2014-01-01

Beak and feather disease virus- (BFDV-) positive (naturally infected) but clinically healthy budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) were inoculated with two isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium isolated from naturally infected golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pictus) and peafowl (Pavo cristatus). During a period of more than two months after inoculation, samples of cloacal and crop swabs, faeces, and blood were obtained for BFDV and Mycobacterium avium testing with PCR. Birds were euthanized nine weeks after inoculation. All infected budgerigars developed signs typical of mycobacteriosis, but more advanced clinical and pathological changes were visible in the group infected with the pheasant isolate. Only a few cloacal and crop swab samples were positive for Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium despite advanced pathological changes in the internal organs. In the groups infected with mycobacterium isolates the frequency of BFDV-positive samples was higher than in the control group. In the infected groups the frequency of BFDV was substantially higher in the cloacal swabs of birds inoculated with the pheasant isolate than in the peafowl-isolate-infected group.

Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India.

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Mahawar, Madan Mohan; Jaroli, D P

2007-06-05

The present zootherapeutic study describes the traditional knowledge related to the use of different animals and animal-derived products as medicines by the Saharia tribe reside in the Shahabad and Kishanganj Panchayat Samiti's of Baran district of Rajasthan, India. A field survey was conducted from April to June 2006 by performing interview through structured questionnaire with 21 selected respondents, who provided information regarding use of animals and their products in folk medicine. A total of 15 animal species were recorded and they are used for different ethnomedical purposes, including cough, asthma, tuberculosis, paralysis, earache, herpes, weakness, muscular pain etc. The zootherapeutic knowledge was mostly based on domestic animals, but some protected species like the peacock (Pavo cristatus,), hard shelled turtle (Kachuga tentoria), sambhar (Cervus unicolor) were also mentioned as medicinal resources. We would suggest that this kind of neglected traditional knowledge should be included into the strategies of conservation and management of faunistic resources. Further studies are required for experimental validation to confirm the presence of bioactive compounds in these traditional remedies and also to emphasize more sustainable use of these resources.

Peafowl antipredator calls encode information about signalers.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L

2014-02-01

Animals emit vocalizations that convey information about external events. Many of these vocalizations, including those emitted in response to predators, also encode information about the individual that produced the call. The relationship between acoustic features of antipredator calls and information relating to signalers (including sex, identity, body size, and social rank) were examined in peafowl (Pavo cristatus). The "bu-girk" antipredator calls of male and female peafowl were recorded and 20 acoustic parameters were automatically extracted from each call. Both the bu and girk elements of the antipredator call were individually distinctive and calls were classified to the correct signaler with over 90% and 70% accuracy in females and males, respectively. Females produced calls with a higher fundamental frequency (F0) than males. In both females and males, body size was negatively correlated with F0. In addition, peahen rank was related to the duration, end mean frequency, and start harmonicity of the bu element. Peafowl antipredator calls contain detailed information about the signaler and can potentially be used by receivers to respond to dangerous situations.

Changes in benthic fish assemblages as a consequence of coastal works in a coastal lagoon: The Mar Menor (Spain, Western Mediterranean).

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Ruzafa, A; García-Charton, J A; Barcala, E; Marcos, C

2006-01-01

The benthic fish assemblage of the Mar Menor consisted of 37 species. Dominant species are: Gobius cobitis, Lipophrys pavo and Tripterygion tripteronotus on infralittoral rocks; Pomatoschistus marmoratus, Callionymus pussillus, Callionymus risso and Solea vulgaris on sandy bottoms and Gobius niger, Syngnathus abaster, Hippocampus ramulosus and Symphodus cinereus on Cymodocea nodosa-Caulerpa prolifera mixed beds. From 1985 to 1989 tourist development has led to the creation of new beaches and the installation of artificial rocky structures for retaining sediments. Dredging for the extraction of sand and subsequent pumping altered sediment characteristics causing a real stress leading to the substitution of typical sandy bottoms communities with Cymodocea nodosa by Caulerpa prolifera communities on mud. Soft bottom fish assemblages responded to changes in vegetation cover and substratum characteristics mainly changing the species composition, while artificial hard substrata contain a similar fish community than natural ones, harbouring even richer and more diverse assemblages. This positive effect of breakwaters should not obscure their likely negative effects on hydrodynamics and the subsequent changes of sediment quality and vegetation cover on the breakwaters' area of influence.

Ecological modulation of reproductive behaviour in the peacock blenny: a mini-review.

Science.gov (United States)

Saraiva, J L; Gonçalves, D; Oliveira, R F

2013-02-01

The inter-populational variation in the reproductive behaviour of the peacock blenny Salaria pavo (Risso 1810), particularly the influence of the ecologic environment, was reviewed in the present work. Two populations of this species inhabiting contrasting environments were studied: the Ria Formosa population, a coastal lagoon with sandy/muddy substrate located in the south of Portugal, and the Gulf of Trieste, an area presenting rocky substrate located in the northern Adriatic sea. The remarkable differences in the mating system and reproductive behaviour between the two populations (namely sex-role reversal and high frequency of alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) at the Ria Formosa vs typical sex roles and low frequency of ARTs at the Gulf of Trieste) are interpreted as a plastic behavioural and physiological response to contrasting ecological conditions. Androgens, namely 11-ketotestosterone, seem to act as mediators of this response. The expression and activity of the enzyme aromatase in the brain also seems to play a key role in fine-tuning the behavioural output in all male morphs as well as females.

Dějiny Archivu Jana Patočky v Praze a co jim předcházelo

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Chvatík, Ivan

2007-01-01

Roč. 55, č. 3 (2007), s. 365-388 ISSN 0015-1831 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90090514 Keywords : Phenomenology * archive * samizdat * underground seminars * Charter 77 Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion

Soroprevalência e fatores de risco associados à soropositividade para Ehrlichia canis em cães do semiárido da Paraíba

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Sérgio Santos de Azevedo

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Aiming to determine the seroprevalence of Ehrlichia canis infection, as well as to identify risk factors associated to the seropositivity, a serological survey was conducted in 109 dogs assisted at the Hospital Veterinário/Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural (CSTR/Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Campus de Patos, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Serological diagnosis of ehrlichiosis was performed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT and sera presenting antibody titers >; 40 were considered positive. Of the 109 samples, 72.5% were positive (95% CI = 63.1% - 80.6%. Animals that had contact with other dogs (odds ratio = 3.59; 95% CI = 1.41 - 9.12, contact with ponds (odds ratio = 8.39; 95% CI = 1.01 - 69.87 or with free access to the street (odds ratio = 6.24; 95% CI = 1.28 - 30.39 were more exposed to the risk of infection.

High resolution LiDAR measurements reveal fine internal structure and variability of sediment-carrying coastal plume

Science.gov (United States)

Zavialov, P. O.; Pelevin, V. V.; Belyaev, N. A.; Izhitskiy, A. S.; Konovalov, B. V.; Krementskiy, V. V.; Goncharenko, I. V.; Osadchiev, A. A.; Soloviev, D. M.; Garcia, C. A. E.; Pereira, E. S.; Sartorato, L.; Moller, O. O.

2018-05-01

We report results of a field survey conducted in the buoyant, sediment-carrying coastal plume generated by the discharge from the Patos Lagoon, the World's largest choked lagoon. The concentration of total suspended matter (TSM) and organic matter (as represented by total organic carbon, TOC) were mapped using an ultraviolet fluorescent LiDAR, which allowed for extensive data coverage (total of 79,387 simultaneous determinations of TSM and TOC) during 3 consecutive days. These observations were accompanied by hydrographic measurements from the ship and at a mooring station. We first describe synoptic variability of the plume, which responded energetically to wind forcing. We then analyze the TSM, TOC and hydrographic data jointly and develop a simple approach to estimate the rates of suspended matter removal from the upper layer due to gravitational settling and turbulent mixing based on relative changes in TSM and TOC concentrations. Four distinct regions within the plume exhibiting different dynamics of suspended and dissolved constituents were identified on this basis.

"Optics 4 every1", the hands-on optics outreach program of the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon

Science.gov (United States)

Viera-González, Perla M.; Sánchez-Guerrero, Guillermo E.

2016-09-01

The Fisica Pato2 (Physics 4 every1) outreach group started as a need of hands-on activities and active Science demonstrations in the education for kids, teenagers and basic education teachers in Nuevo Leffon maintaining a main objective of spread the word about the importance of Optics and Photonics; for accomplish this objective, since November 2013 several outreach events are organized every year by the group. The program Optics 4 every1 is supported by the Facultad de Ciencias Fisico Matematicas of the Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon and the International Society for Optics and Photonics and consist in quick hands-on activities and Optics demonstrations designed for teach basic optical phenomena related with light and its application in everyday life. During 2015, with the purpose of celebrate the International Year of Light 2015, the outreach group was involved in 13 different events and reached more than 8,000 people. The present work explains the activities done and the outcome obtained with this program.

Availability of a P from phosphate rock, thermophosphate and trip superphosphate after different incubation periods

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muraoka, T.; Boaretto, A.E.; Scivittaro, W.B.; Brasil, E.C.

2002-01-01

Patos phosphate rock, Yoorin thermophosphate and triple phosphate were mixed with a tropical acid soil (Haplic Ferralsol) and incubated for different periods (short term experiment 1: 0, 1 and 30 days, and long term experiment 2: 0, 1, 30, 60, 150 and 300 days). The experiments were started with the longest period in order to have all the periods ending at the same time when rice was sown. Soil samples were taken for available P determination through Bray 1 method. There was clear decrease in extractable P with increasing period of incubation, probably due to reversion reactions to form less soluble forms of P. In addition, the reversion reactions seemed to be a more intensive process than the dissolution process. The Yoorin thermophosphate, probably due to its alkaline nature and Si content, proved to be a superior agronomic P source by maintaining the same extractable P content during the whole incubation period. (author)

CONCENTRAÇÃO DE SEDIMENTOS EM SUSPENSÃO: Reservatório de Cachoeira Dourada - GO/MG, Brasil

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João Batista Pereira Cabral

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The determination of the sediments in suspension concentration (CSS in the Cachoeira Dourada Hydreletric Plant's reservoir, was realized in two periods, the first in June 2003 and the other in February 2005. The humid and dry periods' referred CSS showed the predominance of values up to 10 mg/l. However, in the Araras and Córgão rivers mounths, the concentration values reached more than 10 mg/l, like those ones between Corgão and Flecha rivers, which values reached 15 mg/l. The water visibility index (SEC between Corgão dam and its stream presented values with amplitudes between 100-120 cm and 80-100 cm in the humid and dry periods, respectively. The minor values (CSS and SEC to the stretch located between Candango and Patos streams can be related to the transverse section's increase, out flowing's speed reduction and to the existence of accumulations of water macrophytes.

Nursing Care For Patients Experiencing Clinical Complications During Haemodialysis

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Viviane Queiroga Linhares

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Patients with chronic renal disease treated by haemodialysis experience various changes in their daily lives, which they and their families need to adapt to and cope with. Objective: To analyse the nursing care of patients with chronic renal failure on haemodialysis who experience clinical complications. Method: A descriptive, exploratory study was conducted, using a quantitative approach. Data collection was performed using a sample of 73 patients at the Hemodialysis Center located at city of Patos-PB. The sample comprised 73 patients. Results: 27 (37.0% were female, aged between 20 and 88 years old. It was found that employees are 49.3% of respondents, in consonance to farmers with 31.5%. The most common complications were weakness (76.7%, headache (46.6%, cramp (43.8% and pain (32.9%. Conclusion: The trusting relationship between professionals and patients is paramount, because helps to improve adherence to treatment and, consequently, the reduction of complications; furthermore, educational and preventive actions are facilitated.

Habitat selection of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in an estuary in southern Brazil: influence of salinity and submerged seagrass meadows

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Vinicius Mendes Ruas

Full Text Available This study was conducted in two estuarine inlets (Saco da Mangueira and Saco do Arraial at the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. The changes in relative abundance and size of post-larvae and juvenile shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis and juvenile blue crab Callinectes sapidus were compared, considering the influence of salinity and the presence of submerged seagrass meadows. The analyses were performed using generalized linear models (GLM for abundance variations and ANOVA for variations on the size of individuals. The pink shrimp was more abundant at Saco da Mangueira, in seagrass meadows and areas of higher salinity. The blue crab was more abundant at Saco do Arraial and in lower levels of salinity. The importance of submerged vegetation for the blue crab lies in a preference of smaller crabs of the species for the seagrass meadows. It has been shown that these species choose different habitats in the estuary, and both the salinity and the presence of submerged seagrass meadows influence the selection of habitat.

OntoVIP: an ontology for the annotation of object models used for medical image simulation.

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Gibaud, Bernard; Forestier, Germain; Benoit-Cattin, Hugues; Cervenansky, Frédéric; Clarysse, Patrick; Friboulet, Denis; Gaignard, Alban; Hugonnard, Patrick; Lartizien, Carole; Liebgott, Hervé; Montagnat, Johan; Tabary, Joachim; Glatard, Tristan

2014-12-01

This paper describes the creation of a comprehensive conceptualization of object models used in medical image simulation, suitable for major imaging modalities and simulators. The goal is to create an application ontology that can be used to annotate the models in a repository integrated in the Virtual Imaging Platform (VIP), to facilitate their sharing and reuse. Annotations make the anatomical, physiological and pathophysiological content of the object models explicit. In such an interdisciplinary context we chose to rely on a common integration framework provided by a foundational ontology, that facilitates the consistent integration of the various modules extracted from several existing ontologies, i.e. FMA, PATO, MPATH, RadLex and ChEBI. Emphasis is put on methodology for achieving this extraction and integration. The most salient aspects of the ontology are presented, especially the organization in model layers, as well as its use to browse and query the model repository. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

New and noteworthy waterfowl records at artificial wetlands from Baja California Sur, Mexico Registros nuevos y sobresalientes de anátidos en humedales artificiales de Baja California Sur, México

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Roberto Carmona

2011-06-01

Full Text Available We present 9 recent records of rare waterfowls in Baja California Sur, all of them in artificial wetlands: 3 freshwater sites and 1 concentration area for a saltworks. We present the first records of the Ross's Goose in the state. The remaining 8 species are: Black-bellied Whistling-Duck (breeding, Fulvous Whistling-Duck, Greater White-fronted Goose, Snow Goose, Cackling Goose, Tundra Swan, Mallard and Hooded Merganser. To this list we added an historical compilation of the records of these species in artificial sites of the state. The artificial wetlands are no replacement for their natural counterparts, they are nevertheless an important part of the region's landscape mosaic. As the records of the present work exemplify, this man-made habitat increases the regional species richness, and should be considered as important areas that need to be protected.Presentamos registros recientes de 9 especies de anátidos raros en Baja California Sur, todos ellos realizados en humedales creados por el hombre: 3 sitios dulceacuícolas y 1 área de concentración para la producción de sal. Se incluyen los primeros registros del ganso de Ross (Chen rossii para el estado. Las 8 especies restantes son: Dendrocygna autumnalis (anidación, D. bicolor, Anser albifrons, Chen caerulesens, Branta hutchinsii, Cygnus columbianus, Anas platyrhynchos y Lophodytes cucullatus. A la lista, agregamos una recopilación histórica de los registros de estas especies en humedales artificiales del estado. Aunque estos sitios no deben sustituir a sus contrapartes naturales, actualmente forman parte del mosaico paisajístico que ofrece la región; adicionalmente, incrementan la riqueza de especies de la región, por lo que es necesario brindarles protección.

Activities of tabanids (Diptera, Tabanidae attacking domestic duck-Cairina moschata (Linnaeus (Aves, Anatidae, introduced in a forest area in the Central Amazon, Manaus, Brazil

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Ruth L. M. Ferreira

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Presented here are the feeding habits, attack behavior, daily and annual activity of adult of Phorcotabanus cinereus (Wiedeman, 1821, Chrysops laetus (Fabricius, 1805 and Phaeotabanus cajennensis (Fabricius, 1787, while biting a domestic duck, Cairina moschata (Linnaeus, 1758. The last two species were recorded for the first time attacking birds. This study comprehended monthly observations of two consecutive days from April/97 to March/98 between 5:30 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. at the Army Instructional Base ((BI-2/CIGS near Manaus. Annual occurrence of P. cinereus was from July to September, with a daily occurrence between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. and highest activity at 12:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. C. laetus ocurred from June to October; with a daily occurrence between 8:00 a.m. and 3 p.m. and highest activity at 11:00 and 12:00 a.m. Occurrence of P. cajennensis with one specimen only, was in July between 10:00 and 11:00 a.m.Atividades de tabanídeos (Diptera, Tabanidae atacando pato doméstico Cairina moschata Linnaeus (Aves, Anatidae, introduzido em área de floresta na Amazônia Central, Manaus, Brasil. São apresentados o hábito alimentar, comportamento de ataque, atividade diária e anual de adultos de Phorcotabanus cinereus (Wiedemann, 1821, Chrysops laetus (Fabricius, 1805 e Phaeotabanus cajennensis (Fabricius, 1787 atacando pato doméstico - Cairina moschata (Linnaeus, 1758. As últimas duas últimas espécies são registradas pela primeira vez atacando aves. O estudo compreendeu observações mensais durante dois dias consecutivos de Abril/97 a Março/98, entre 5:30 e 18:30 h, na base de instrução 2 do Centro de Instrução de Guerra na Selva (BI-2/CIGS, Manaus. A ocorrência anual de P. cinereus, foi de julho a setembro, com atividade diária entre 9:00 e 17:00 horas, com maior abundância entre 12:00 e 14:00 horas. C. laetus, ocorreu de junho a outubro, com atividade diária entre 8:00 e 15:00 horas, e maior abundância entre 11:00 e 12

Dinoflagelados em diversos habitats e hidroperíodos na zona costeira do sul do Brasil Dinoflagellates in different habitats and hydroperiods on the coast of southern Brazil

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Luciana de Souza Cardoso

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Informações sobre a riqueza, densidade, diversidade e distribuição de dinoflagelados em habitats aquáticos (lagoas abertas e fechadas, canais, açudes e áreas úmidas, em relação aos períodos de águas altas e baixas, são apresentadas. O estudo baseou-se em amostragens realizadas em 23 pontos, localizados nas margens leste (área da Lagoa do Casamento e oeste (área do Butiazal de Tapes da laguna dos Patos, no ano de 2003. Foram identificados 11 táxons, cuja distribuição teve maior homogeneidade no período de águas altas. Durinskia baltica (Levander Carty & Cox foi o único táxon cuja distribuição não se alterou pelo hidroperíodo. Peridinium gatunense Nygaard foi uma espécie indicadora de águas altas e P. umbonatum Stein foi indicadora de habitats associados à área do Butiazal de Tapes. Esta área mostrou ter mais alta diversidade de Dinophyceae em relação à área da Lagoa do Casamento, independente do hidroperíodo, refletindo a maior diversidade e especificidade de habitats aquáticos. O tipo de habitat influenciou significativamente (pData on richness, density, diversity and distribution of dinoflagellates in aquatic habitats (open and closed lagoons, channels, reservoirs and wetlands during high and low water periods are presented. The study was based on 23 point samples, located on the eastern (Lagoa do Casamento area and western (Butiazal de Tapes area shores of Laguna dos Patos, in 2003. Eleven taxa were identified; taxon distribution was more homogeneous during the high-water period. Durinskia baltica (Levander Carty & Cox was the only taxon whose distribution was the same for both hydroperiods. Peridinium gatunense Nygaard was a high-water indicator species and P. umbonatum Stein was an indicator of habitats associated with the Butiazal de Tapes area. This area had higher Dinophyceae diversity than the Lagoa do Casamento area, regardless of hydroperiod, due to the higher diversity and specificity of aquatic

Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. from fecal samples of birds kept in captivity in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakamura, Alex Akira; Simões, Daniel Castendo; Antunes, Rômulo Godik; da Silva, Deuvânia Carvalho; Meireles, Marcelo Vasconcelos

2009-12-03

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in birds kept in captivity in Brazil. A total of 966 samples from 18 families of birds was collected and stored in 5% potassium dichromate solution at 4 degrees C until processing. Oocysts were purified in Sheather sugar solution following extraction of genomic DNA. Molecular analyses were performed using nested-PCR for amplification of fragments of the 18S subunit of rRNA gene and of the actin gene. Amplification of Cryptosporidium DNA fragments was obtained in 47 (4.86%) samples. Sequencing of amplified fragments and phylogenetic analyses allowed the identification of Cryptosporidium baileyi in a black vulture (Coragyps atratus), a domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) and a saffron finch (Sicalis flaveola); Cryptosporidium galli in canaries (Serinus canaria), a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) and lesser seed-finches (Oryzoborus angolensis); Cryptosporidium meleagridis in a domestic chicken (G. g. domesticus); Cryptosporidium parvum in a cockatiel (N. hollandicus); Cryptosporidium avian genotype I in a canary (S. canaria) and an Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus); Cryptosporidium avian genotype II in ostriches (Struthio camelus) and Cryptosporidium avian genotype III in a cockatiel (N. hollandicus) and a peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicolis).

Traditional knowledge on zootherapeutic uses by the Saharia tribe of Rajasthan, India

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Jaroli DP

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract The present zootherapeutic study describes the traditional knowledge related to the use of different animals and animal-derived products as medicines by the Saharia tribe reside in the Shahabad and Kishanganj Panchayat Samiti's of Baran district of Rajasthan, India. A field survey was conducted from April to June 2006 by performing interview through structured questionnaire with 21 selected respondents, who provided information regarding use of animals and their products in folk medicine. A total of 15 animal species were recorded and they are used for different ethnomedical purposes, including cough, asthma, tuberculosis, paralysis, earache, herpes, weakness, muscular pain etc. The zootherapeutic knowledge was mostly based on domestic animals, but some protected species like the peacock (Pavo cristatus,, hard shelled turtle (Kachuga tentoria, sambhar (Cervus unicolor were also mentioned as medicinal resources. We would suggest that this kind of neglected traditional knowledge should be included into the strategies of conservation and management of faunistic resources. Further studies are required for experimental validation to confirm the presence of bioactive compounds in these traditional remedies and also to emphasize more sustainable use of these resources.

Anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in captive animals in Paraíba State

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Arthur Brasil

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this survey was to verify the occurrence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in captive animals in the Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara, João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 49 animals: 26 mammals of the species Sapajus libidinosus, Cebus flavius, Saimiri sciureu, Coendu sp., Pseudalopex vetulus, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus, Galactitis vitata, Eira barbara, Nasua nasua, Tayassu tajacu and Ratus norvegicus; 10 birds of the species Penelope jacucaca, Pavo cristatus, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Ara chlorothpterus, Pionites leucogaster, Polyborus plancus, Geranoaetus melanoleucus and Urubitinga urubitinga; and 13 reptiles of the species Caiman latirostris, Paleosuchus trigonatus, Caiman crocodilus, Tupinabis merinae, Tupinambis teguixin, Boa constrictor, Corallus hortulanus, Python molurus, Bufocephala vanderhaegei, Geochelone denticulata and Geochelone carboraria. Sera were examined by the microscopic agglutination teste (MAT using 24 serovars as antigens and cut-off point of 1:100. One ocelot (Leopardo pardalis presented positive reaction for the Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar with titer of 100, however, it did not show any clinical sign of the infection. Sinantropic rodents are the main reservoirs of this serovar, which suggests the need of maintenance and continuous evaluation of rodent control programs.

Elysia timida (Risso, 1818 three decades of research

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Giménez–Casalduero, F.

2011-06-01

Full Text Available During the last 30 years, studies on Elysia timida (Risso, 1818 have addressed various aspects related to food sources, photosynthetic efficiency of kleptoplasts, population genetics, chemical ecology and reproductive biology, both in the Mediterranean Sea and in the Mar Menor coastal lagoon. E. timida shows a strong specific interaction with Acetabularia acetabulum, retaining functional chloroplasts for at least 45 days and obtaining extra energy in periods when food resources are scarce. It shows control of parapodia, avoiding pigment photodestruction under oversaturated light conditions. The chemical ecological relationships established between E. timida and its potential predator fish, Thalassoma pavo, have also been evaluated, and it has been found that that the extracts of the mollusc contain repellent and unpalatable polypropionate compounds. Population genetics has demonstrated the genetic divergence between populations showing high and significant values of FST and genetic distances, and at least six privative alleles that are not shared with Mediterranean populations have been detected in lagoon populations. This sacoglossan is a poecilogonic species, and its lagoon populations show a greater reproductive output than Mediterranean populations; they produce a greater number of egg masses and embyros per individual, and the capsules have a wider diameter.

Characterization and Sequencing of a Genotype XII Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from a Peacock (Pavo cristatus) in Peru.

Science.gov (United States)

Chumbe, Ana; Izquierdo-Lara, Ray; Tataje-Lavanda, Luis; Figueroa, Aling; Segovia, Karen; Gonzalez, Rosa; Cribillero, Giovana; Montalvan, Angela; Fernández-Díaz, Manolo; Icochea, Eliana

2015-07-30

Here, we report the first complete sequence and biological characterization of a Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from a peacock in South America (NDV/peacock/Peru/2011). This isolate, classified as genotype XII in class II, highlights the need for increased surveillance of noncommercial avian species. Copyright © 2015 Chumbe et al.

Adaptability and stability of soybean cultivars for grain yield and seed quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, K B; Bruzi, A T; Zambiazzi, E V; Soares, I O; Pereira, J L A R; Carvalho, M L M

2017-05-10

This study aimed at verifying the adaptability and stability of soybean cultivars, considering the grain yield and quality of seeds, adopting univariate and multivariate approaches. The experiments were conducted in two crops, three environments, in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop seasons, in the county of Inconfidentes, Lavras, and Patos de Minas, in the Minas Gerais State, Brazil. We evaluated 17 commercial soybean cultivars. For adaptability and stability evaluations, the Graphic and GGE biplot methods were employed. Previously, a selection index was estimated based on the sum of the standardized variables (Z index). The data relative to grain yield, mass of one thousand grain, uniformity test (sieve retention), and germination test were standardized (Z ij ) per cultivar. With the sum of Z ij , we obtained the selection index for the four traits evaluated together. In the Graphic method evaluation, cultivars NA 7200 RR and CD 2737 RR presented the highest values for selection index Z. By the GGE biplot method, we verified that cultivar NA 7200 RR presented greater stability in both univariate evaluations, for grain yield, and for selection index Z.

Observaciones sobre Phlebotomus y Anopheles en el Callejon de Huaylas

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Arístides Herrer

1943-03-01

Full Text Available Se han llevado a cabo observaciones entomológicas en relación con la verruga y el paludismo en la zona del Callejón de Huaylas comprendida desde la ciudad de Yuramarca a la de Huarás, prestando especial atención a la región del Cañón del Pato. Se indica, como resultados de tales observaciones, la presencia de las titiras: Phlebotomus verrucarum, P. peruensis, P. noguchii y una especia nueva, señalando detenidamente las localidades donde se las han encontrado. El P. verrucarum, principal trasmisor de la verruga, se halla a lo largo de toda la zona estudiada, siendo su número bastante reducido en la ciudad de Huarás. Desde Yuramarca hasta cerca de la ciudad de Carás se ha encontrado únicamente el Anopheles pseudopunctipennis, tanto larvas como adultos. Sus criaderos se encuentran principalmente en las márgenes del río Santa, en las de algunos afluentes de éste y en numerosos, manantiales.

Comportamento Ecológicode Alunos Pós-Graduandosde uma Instituição Pública

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Damiana Machado de Almeida

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Understand the issues surrounding the topic environment is essential so that we can ensure futuregenerations the opportunity to take advantage of currently existing natural resources. These issues arefundamental to identify the factors that influence human behavior with regard to their relationship withthe environment. But the behavioral issues associated with the environment are still poorly studied.Thus, this research aims to investigate the ecological behaviors of students enrolled in the GraduateProgram of a public institution. For this, we used the methodology as descriptive research, quantitativeapproach and survey type. The instrument for the identification of environmental performance wasorganized from the Ecological Behavior Scale (ECE Tamayo and Pato (2006. The research sampleconsisted of 70 respondents, in which it was possible to identify results that some activities of pro-environmental behavior are already part of the routine, mainly related to urban sanitation and energysaving. In contrast the ecological behaviors less adopted by graduate students are related to waterconservation and participation in volunteer work related to the environment. It is concluded that thereis need for greater public awareness researched with regard to ecological behaviors.

Monitoring levels of deoxynivalenol in wheat flour of Brazilian varieties

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Cristiano L Silva

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Deoxynivalenol (DON is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum and its intake represents a severe risk to human and animal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate levels of DON in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. flour from two representative locations of south Brazil. Experiments were carried out in Pato Branco (Paraná and Coxilha (Rio Grande do Sul in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Levels of DON were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS. This mycotoxin was detected in 97% of samples, ranging from 200 to 4140 u,g kg-1. Only 17% of samples presented DON beyond of the maximum allowed by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency up to the year 2012; even though, Fusarium head blight (FHB epidemics were slight low in the growing season that the study was performed. According to our knowledge, this is the first report showing genetic variability of Brazilian cultivars to DON contamination and some genotypes have potential to be exploited as a source of low accumulation of this toxin.

Almoço do Círio: um banquete sacrificial em homenagem a Nossa Senhora de Nazaré

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Raymundo Heraldo Maués

Full Text Available Resumo A relação estabelecida numa das mais importantes festividades religiosas brasileiras – o Círio de Nazaré, em Belém do Pará – entre religião, festa e comida permite refletir sobre esse banquete sacrificial, tomando como mote o “paticídio”, que nos leva a pensar em sacrifício nas práticas religiosas contemporâneas. Trata-se de ritual dentro do ritual, representando momento de confraternização entre famílias. O artigo reflete sobre esse ritual à luz da teoria antropológica, analisando-o como sacrifício, cujas celebrantes são as donas de casa. Assim, esse ritual doméstico se torna quase obrigatório, ocasião de marcar a identidade paraense, invocando a “fábula das três raças”, representadas na origem dos alimentos rituais tradicionais que são o pato no tucupi (indígena, a maniçoba (africana e o bacalhau (portuguesa.

Algumas anedotas sobre Demóstenes: uma releitura

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Maddalena Vallozza

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Muitas das anedotas sobre Demóstenes estão relacionados a seus problemas de voz e a suas dificuldades no momento da hypokrisis. Eu proponho uma reinterpretação das páginas em que eles nos são transmitidos: de Quintiliano (11, 3, a principal testemunha, a Cícero (Orator 26 e 56-58, Brutus 142, De Oratore I 261 e III 213, do autor da seção sobre Demóstenes nas Vidas dos Dez Oradores (844 d-845 b à Vida de Demóstene, de Plutarco. Com base nisso, particularmente graças a Plutarco, que cita Hermipo e Demétrio de Fáleros, é possível formular a hipótese de que a tradição nasceu no Perípato, na área de interesses pela hypokrisis que demonstram o perdido Perì hypokríseos de Teofrasto e os fragmentos da Retórica de Demétrio de Fáleros.

Gastrintestinal helminths Of Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766 -Smith, 1839 from the caatinga area of the Paraíba State, Brazil

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Roberto César Lima

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The crab eating fox, Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766 – Smith, 1839, is a medium sized canid which is found in almost every region of Brazil. It is the only registered native canid specie to be found in the semi-arid Northeastern region of the country. This study had as its objectives: the identification of the helminth fauna common to Cerdocyon thous found in the Caatinga of the state of Paraíba; and the determination of the ecological indications of helminthic infection, hoping to make a favourable addition to the understanding of this little known biome. In this study, 58 animals that were found as ‘roadkill’ on the highways in the municipality of Patos were used. The gastrointestinal helminths from these animals were colected. All the animals in this study were infected with helminths. 16 species of helminths were identified, two being trematodes, one being a cestode, one being an acanthocephalus, and the remaining twelve being nematodes. In this study a new specie, named Pterygodermatites pluripectinata n. sp. Was discovered and its host and location described.

New bird records from Lagoa do Peixe National Park, southern Brazil

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Mauricio da Silveira Pereira

2010-04-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2010v23n1p241 Novos registros de aves para o Parque Nacional da Lagoa do Peixe, sul do Brasil. O Parque Nacional da Lagoa do Peixe, localizado na Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul, teve sua avifauna amostrada inicialmente nas décadas de 1970 e 1980, datando de 1995 a primeira lista publicada das espécies de aves da área. Vários outros trabalhos divulgaram a ocorrência adicional de espécies no parque, resultando em um total de 211 espécies. A presente nota acrescenta 19 espécies à lista de aves do P. N. da Lagoa do Peixe, aumentando a riqueza conhecida de sua avifauna para 230 espécies. Três dessas espécies (Tachybaptus dominicus, Buteo albicaudatus e Petrochelidon pyrrhonota constituem novos registros também para a península de Mostardas, longa e estreita restinga arenosa que separa a Lagoa dos Patos do oceano Atlântico.

Population genetic structure of Brazilian shrimp species (Farfantepenaeus sp., F. brasiliensis, F. paulensis and Litopenaeus schmitti: Decapoda: Penaeidae

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Jaqueline Gusmão

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Penaeid shrimps are important resources for worldwide fisheries and aquaculture. In the Southwest Atlantic, Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis, F. paulensis, F. subtilis, Farfantepenaeus sp. and Litopenaeus schmitti are among the most important commercially exploited species. Despite their high commercial value, there is little information available on the different aspects of their biology or genetics and almost no data on their stock structure. We used allozymes to estimate variability levels and population genetic structure of F. brasiliensis, F. paulensis, L. schmitti and the recently detected species Farfantepenaeus sp. along as much as 4,000 km of Brazilian coastline. No population heterogeneity was detected in F. brasiliensis or L. schmitti along the studied area. In contrast, F ST values found for Farfantepenaeus sp. and F. paulensis indicate that the populations of those two species are genetically structured, comprising different fishery stocks. The largest genetic differences in F. paulensis were found between Lagoa dos Patos (South and the two populations from Southeast Brazil. In Farfantepenaeus sp., significant differences were detected between the population from Recife and those from Fortaleza and Ilhéus.

Chemical Properties, Microbiological Quality and Sensory Evaluation of Chicken and Duck Liver Paste (foie gras

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Abu-Salem, Ferial M.

2010-06-01

comparison to liver paste from duck, the results proved that no significant differences were observed between the liver paste from chicken and duck liver paste.

La pasta de hígado o foie gras es un término francés, que significa “hígado graso” y es tradicionalmente producido de oca y pato. El pollo también es usado en la manufactura de foie gras. El presente trabajo estudia las propiedades y calidad de hígado crudo de pollo y pato en comparación con la manufactura de pasta de hígado (foie gras. El higado de pollo crudo contienen 24.60% de proteina, 6% de grasa, 1.40% de ceniza y 66.80% de humedad. Los valores promedios de minerales fueron 83.65, 50.75, 5.29, 1.15, 0.154, 0.683, 0.317 y 0.066 μg/g para Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni y Cr, respectivamente. El procesado de la pasta de hígado (foie gras cambio la composición del hígado crudo, debido a una pérdida de humedad, a una libreación de grasa, y a la adicción de mantequilla como fuente de grasa. La pasta de hígado de pollo contiene 27.8% de humedad, 10.1% de proteina, 58.2% de grasa y 0.8% de ceniza. El contenido mineral fue 68.90, 40.50, 1.60, 1.1, 0.08, 0.22, 0.04 and 0.04 μg/g de Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni y Cr, respectivamente. La evaluación química, microbiológica y sensorial de la pasta de hígado (foi gras manufacturada de hígado crudo, y preservada con 500 ppm de ácido benzoico (BA o ácido sórbico (SA y una mezcla de 500 pm de ambos (BA + SA con o sin pasterización a 85 °C, fue estudiada durante un periodo de almacenamiento de 9 días a 4 °C. Presumiblemente, la mezcla de pasta de hígado (foi gras de pollo con 500 ppm de BA + SA y pasterizado el producto a 85 °C puede ser recomndada debido a sus bajos valores de ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBA, de nitrógeno volatil total (TVN, de valor de peróxidos (PV, de ácidos grasos libres (FFA y del valor de saponificación; y por tanto por inhibir la oxidación lipídica y prevenir la racidez en un periodo de nueve dias almacenados a 4 �

Resenha das investigações sobre o ictioplâncton do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, Brasil

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Graciela Weiss

1980-12-01

Full Text Available A short review on estuarine ichthyoplankton identification, description and growth is given. The need for qualitative, quantitative, horizontal and temporal distributions related to environmental factors, period and kind of spawning and fecundity of different species are discussed. Resulu of studies on Micropogonias fumieri, Brevoortia pectinata, Lycengraulis olidus, Achirus garmani and other suggest me necessity to sample fish larvae and juveniles at mid water, bottom and at the margin of the estuary. Further more, it would be of interest to extent and periodically survey the study area to the adjacent coastal waters, and the fresh water part of the Lagoon as well as the channels and tributaries.

Patos Lagoon Outflow Within the Rio de la Plata Plume Using an Airborne Salinity Mapper: Observing an Embedded Plume

Science.gov (United States)

2008-01-01

19 February 2004. Meteorological observations were also re- depths of several meters. In spite of the apparent inaccuracy, we corded manually from the...Brigada de Mantenimiento , Servicio Application of data from near-coincident airborne and in-situ de Sensores Remotos y Aeroespaciales, and Escuadr6n

Doenças do sistema nervoso de bovinos no semiárido nordestino Diseases of the nervous system of cattle in the semiarid of Northeastern Brazil

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Glauco J.N. Galiza

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Para determinar as doenças que ocorrem no sistema nervoso de bovinos no semiárido nordestino, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo em 411 necropsias de bovinos realizadas no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, entre janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2008. Dos 411 casos analisados 139 (33,81% apresentaram alterações clínicas do sistema nervoso e as fichas foram revisadas para determinar os principais achados referentes à epidemiologia, aos sinais clínicos e às alterações macroscópicas e microscópicas. Em 28 (20,14% casos o diagnóstico foi inconclusivo. As principais enfermidades foram raiva (48,7% dos casos com sinais nervosos, abscessos cerebrais (7,2% incluindo três casos de abscesso da pituitária, febre catarral maligna (6,3%, botulismo (6,3%, alterações congênitas (4,5%, traumatismo (4,5%, tuberculose (2,7%, tétano (2,7%, infecção por herpesvírus bovino-5 (2,7%, encefalomielite não supurativa (2,7%, intoxicação por Prosopis juliflora (2,7%, status spongiosus congênito de causa desconhecida (1,8% e polioencefalomalacia (1,8%. Outras doenças diagnosticadas numa única oportunidade (0,9% foram criptococose, listeriose, encefalite tromboembólica, linfossarcoma, tripanossomíase e babesiose por Babesia bovis.Diseases of the nervous system of cattle in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil were evaluated by a retrospective study of 411 cattle necropsies performed in the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, from January 2000 to December 2008. Of the 411 cases analyzed, 139 (33.81% were from cattle that presented nervous signs and the records were reviewed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, and macroscopic and histologic main features. Diagnosis was inconclusive in 28 cases (20.14%. In cases with diagnosis the main diseases were rabies (48.7% of the cases with nervous signs, brain abscesses (7.2% including three cases of

Paleochannels related to late quaternary sea-level changes in Southern Brazil

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Jair Weschenfelder

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The geological evolution of the continental shelf and in the coastal zone of southern Brazil during the Quaternary period is addressed in this study. High-resolution seismic records obtained at the Patos Lagoon revealed the presence of channels that deeply dissected the coastal zone before the formation of the modern, low-relief, coastal plain. Two periods of channel incision are inferred, based mainly on seismic records. The paleodrainage paths mapped from the seismic records can be connected with those recognized by previous studies on the adjacent continental shelf and slope. Upstream, the drainage incised mainly into the coastal prism deposited during previous sea-level highstand events. The paleodrainage network, recognized on the coastal plain and continental shelf, represents a river-shelf system, linking the drainage basin to the depositional settings on the marginal basin, bypassing the continental shelf exposed during a forced regression event. The drainage incised into the coastal plain and continental shelf of Rio Grande do Sul played an important role in the basin-margin architecture, facies distribution and accommodation during the Quaternary sea-level fluctuations.A evolução geológica da plataforma continental e zona costeira do sul do Brasil no período Quaternário é aqui enfocada. Registros sísmicos de alta resolução da Lagoa dos Patos revelaram canais que dissecaram profundamente a região antes da formação da planície costeira atual. Dois períodos de incisão de canal são inferidos, baseados principalmente em registros sísmicos. Os cursos fluviais mapeados por sísmica podem ser conectados àqueles reconhecidos na plataforma continental adjacente por estudos anteriores. à montante, a incisão da drenagem ocorreu principalmente no prisma sedimentar costeiro depositado durante eventos pretéritos de nível do mar alto. A rede de paleodrenagem, reconhecida na planície costeira e na plataforma continental

Estresse salino no crescimento inicial e nutrição mineral de gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq. Kunth ex Steud em solução nutritiva(1 Growth and mineral nutrition of (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq. Kunth ex Steud seedlings in nutrient solution under saline stress

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Séfora Gil Gomes de Farias

2009-10-01

Full Text Available A salinidade é um dos fatores que mais limitam o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas na região semiárida. A sobrevivência destas em ambientes salinos dependerá de processos adaptativos, que envolvem absorção, transporte e distribuição de íons nos vários órgãos da planta. Com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e a nutrição mineral de mudas de gliricídia cultivada em diferentes condições de salinidade, realizou-se um experimento em telado de náilon da Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos - PB. As sementes foram colocadas para germinar em vasos de Leonard, contendo solução nutritiva de Hoagland & Arnon (50 % da concentração original, com as concentrações de NaCl: 0, 100 200 e 400 mmol L-1. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, com uma planta por vaso. Aos 60 dias após a emergência, as plantas foram colhidas e avaliadas quanto a altura, matéria seca e teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S e Na na raiz, no caule e nas folhas. O aumento da salinidade promoveu reduções no crescimento e nos teores de macronutrientes, ocorrendo o inverso nos teores de Na, sobretudo na raiz. A gliricídia mostrou-se sensível à salinidade.Salinity is one of the most limiting factors to plant growth and development. Plant survival in saline environments depends on adaptive processes involving uptake, transport, and distribution of ions in plant organs. To evaluate growth and mineral nutrition of Gliricidia sepium seedlings under saline conditions, an experiment was carried out under nylon-mesh protection, at the Federal University of Campina Grande, in Patos - PB. Seeds were sown in pots containing Hoagland & Arnon nutrient solution with four NaCl levels (0, 100, 200 and 400 mmol L-1, with four replications (1 plant/pot in a completely randomized design. Sixty days after seedling emergence, the plant height and root, stem and

Produção de matéria seca de forragem e acúmulo de nutrientes em pastagem anual de inverno tratada com esterco líquido de suínos Forage dry matter production and nutrient uptake of a hibernal pasture under application of pig slurry

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Joice Mari Assmann

2009-11-01

Full Text Available O Esterco líquido de suínos (ELS pode ser usado como fertilizante orgânico, mas seu uso incorreto pode contaminar o solo e os mananciais de água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adição de nutrientes ao solo, através do ELS, sobre a produção de matéria seca (MS e o acúmulo de nutrientes de uma pastagem de aveia branca+azevém (Avena sativa + Lolium multiflorum. Um experimento foi realizado de 2004 a 2006, no campo experimental da UTFPR, em Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil. O solo era um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. Diferentes doses (0, 20, 40, 80 e 120m³ ha-1 de ELS foram aplicadas na pastagem, aos 20 e 61 dias após a emergência (DAE da pastagem, em 2004, e aos 30 e 67DAE, em 2005. Outras duas aplicações foram realizadas nas culturas de verão, milho em 2004 e soja em 2005, respectivamente. A maior produção de MS foi obtida com a dose de 120m³ ha-1 de ELS, tanto no primeiro, quanto no segundo ano. A absorção de nutrientes pelas plantas respondeu de forma linear à aplicação de esterco líquido de suínos.The pig slurry can be used as an organic fertilizer but its improper use can contaminate water and soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrient addition to the soil on pasture oat + ryegrass (Avena sativa + Lolium multiflorum dry matter production and nutrient uptake. One experiment was carried out from 2004 to 2006, installed in the experimental farm of UTFPR in Pato Branco, Paraná State, Brazil. The soil was an Oxisol (Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, Brazil systems. Different rates (0, 20, 40, 80 and 120m³ ha-1 of pig slurry were applied in the pasture. The pig slurry applications were performed 20 and 61 days after emergence (DAE of pasture, in 2004, and 30 and 67DAE of pasture in 2005. Another two applications were performed in summer crops, corn in 2004 and soybean in 2005. In both years the rate 120m³ ha-1 of pig slurry resulted in the highest dry matter production

Controle genético e tolerância ao estresse de calor em populações híbridas e em cultivares de trigo Genetic control and tolerance to the heat stress in wheat hybrid population and cultivars

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Moacil Alves de Souza

2001-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter informações sobre o controle genético da produtividade de grãos de trigo sob condições de estresse de calor, o grau de tolerância ao estresse de calor de algumas cultivares e linhagens e a identificação de populações segregantes promissoras para a obtenção de linhagens adaptadas às condições da região central do Brasil. Foram avaliados 13 parentais e 40 populações provenientes de um dialelo parcial, nas gerações F1 e F2 em condições de campo, em Lavras e Patos de Minas, MG, com as semeaduras feitas no verão (fevereiro e no inverno (maio. Houve diferença de tolerância ao calor entre os parentais e entre as populações híbridas quanto ao caráter produção de grãos, e ambos os efeitos aditivos e não-aditivos foram importantes no controle genético deste caráter na presença ou ausência de calor. Apesar da ocorrência de interações populações x épocas de semeadura, a alta repetibilidade dos efeitos da capacidade geral de combinação permite inferir a possibilidade de acelerar os programas de melhoramento na região, efetuando-se a seleção tanto na época de verão quanto no inverno.The objective of this work was to get information about the genetic control of the grain yield under heat stress conditions, the tolerance of cultivar and the identification of promising segregation populations for selections of lines adapted to the conditions of the central region of Brazil. Thirteen parents and 40 populations in F1 and F2 generations derived by partial diallel crosses were evaluated. The experiments were conducted under field conditions in Lavras and Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil, sowing the seeds in the summertime (February and in the winter (May. There was difference of heat tolerance among parents and hybrid populations for grain yield character, and both additive and non-additive effects were important in the genetic control of grain yield character in the presence or absence

Change in status of green peafowl Pavo muticus (Family Phasianidae in Southcentral Vietnam: A comparison over 15 years

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Niti Sukumal

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Biodiversity declines in Southeast Asia have led to predictions that many vertebrate species will become extinct within 50 years. Examples of quantified deterioration in species status remain scarce, however. The Southeast Asian geographical range of the Endangered Green peafowl is still contracting due to hunting pressure and habitat disturbance. In Vietnam, the main population lies in the southcentral region with a relatively high density reported in 1998. The aim of this study was to assess the species’ current status in Yok Don and Cat Tien National Parks, which are thought to contain the most important Vietnamese populations. We used line and point transects to investigate the density and analyze habitat selection and effects of human activity. The Yok Don population has decreased sharply during the past 15 years, while in Cat Tien, the estimated density was higher. Animals were most numerous close to water sources and lowest where cattle numbers were highest and ground vegetation cover absent. Here we document a significant negative population change in a previously widespread vertebrate species. Although comparisons of population data over long periods are rare, we demonstrate that taking advantage of opportunities to resurvey species can quantify population declines.

The elaborate plumage in peacocks is not such a drag.

Science.gov (United States)

Askew, Graham N

2014-09-15

One of the classic examples of an exaggerated sexually selected trait is the elaborate plumage that forms the train in male peafowl Pavo cristatus (peacock). Such ornaments are thought to reduce locomotor performance as a result of their weight and aerodynamic drag, but this cost is unknown. Here, the effect that the train has on take-off flight in peacocks was quantified as the sum of the rates of change of the potential and kinetic energies of the body (P(CoM)) in birds with trains and following the train's removal. There was no significant difference between P(CoM) in birds with and without a train. The train incurs drag during take-off; however, while this produces a twofold increase in parasite drag, parasite power only accounts for 0.1% of the total aerodynamic power. The train represented 6.9% of body weight and is expected to increase induced power. The absence of a detectable effect on take-off performance does not necessarily mean that there is no cost associated with possessing such ornate plumage; rather, it suggests that given the variation in take-off performance per se, the magnitude of any effect of the train has little meaningful functional relevance. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Selective attention in peacocks during assessment of rival males.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Patricelli, Gail L; Bykau, Siarhei; Platt, Michael L

2017-03-15

Males in many species compete intensely for access to females. In order to minimize costly interactions, they can assess their rivals' competitive abilities by evaluating traits and behaviors. We know little about how males selectively direct their attention to make these assessments. Using Indian peafowl ( Pavo cristatus ) as a model system, we examined how males visually assess their competitors by continuously tracking the gaze of freely moving peacocks during the mating season. When assessing rivals, peacocks selectively gazed toward the lower display regions of their rivals, including the lower eyespot and fishtail feathers, dense feathers, body and wings. Their attention was modified based on the rivals' behavior such that they spent more time looking at rivals when rivals were shaking their wings and moving. The results indicate that peacocks selectively allocate their attention during rival assessment. The gaze patterns of males assessing rivals were largely similar to those of females evaluating mates, suggesting that some male traits serve a dual function in both intra- and intersexual selection. However, males spent more time than females looking at the upper eyespots and this could indicate that the upper eyespots function more in close-up rival assessment than mate choice. © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.

Through their eyes: selective attention in peahens during courtship.

Science.gov (United States)

Yorzinski, Jessica L; Patricelli, Gail L; Babcock, Jason S; Pearson, John M; Platt, Michael L

2013-08-15

Conspicuous, multicomponent ornamentation in male animals can be favored by female mate choice but we know little about the cognitive processes females use to evaluate these traits. Sexual selection may favor attention mechanisms allowing the choosing females to selectively and efficiently acquire relevant information from complex male display traits and, in turn, may favor male display traits that effectively capture and hold female attention. Using a miniaturized telemetric gaze-tracker, we show that peahens (Pavo cristatus) selectively attend to specific components of peacock courtship displays and virtually ignore other, highly conspicuous components. Females gazed at the lower train but largely ignored the head, crest and upper train. When the lower train was obscured, however, females spent more time gazing at the upper train and approached the upper train from a distance. Our results suggest that peahens mainly evaluate the lower train during close-up courtship but use the upper train as a long-distance attraction signal. Furthermore, we found that behavioral display components (train rattling and wing shaking) captured and maintained female attention, indicating that interactions between display components may promote the evolution of multicomponent displays. Taken together, these findings suggest that selective attention plays a crucial role in sexual selection and likely influences the evolution of male display traits.

Precision Orbit of δ Delphini and Prospects for Astrometric Detection of Exoplanets

Science.gov (United States)

Gardner, Tyler; Monnier, John D.; Fekel, Francis C.; Williamson, Mike; Duncan, Douglas K.; White, Timothy R.; Ireland, Michael; Adams, Fred C.; Barman, Travis; Baron, Fabien; ten Brummelaar, Theo; Che, Xiao; Huber, Daniel; Kraus, Stefan; Roettenbacher, Rachael M.; Schaefer, Gail; Sturmann, Judit; Sturmann, Laszlo; Swihart, Samuel J.; Zhao, Ming

2018-03-01

Combining visual and spectroscopic orbits of binary stars leads to a determination of the full 3D orbit, individual masses, and distance to the system. We present a full analysis of the evolved binary system δ Delphini using astrometric data from the MIRC and PAVO instruments on the CHARA long-baseline interferometer, 97 new spectra from the Fairborn Observatory, and 87 unpublished spectra from the Lick Observatory. We determine the full set of orbital elements for δ Del, along with masses of 1.78 ± 0.07 M ⊙ and 1.62 ± 0.07 M ⊙ for each component, and a distance of 63.61 ± 0.89 pc. These results are important in two contexts: for testing stellar evolution models and for defining the detection capabilities for future planet searches. We find that the evolutionary state of this system is puzzling, as our measured flux ratios, radii, and masses imply a ∼200 Myr age difference between the components, using standard stellar evolution models. Possible explanations for this age discrepancy include mass transfer scenarios with a now-ejected tertiary companion. For individual measurements taken over a span of two years, we achieve 2 M J on orbits >0.75 au around individual components of hot binary stars via differential astrometry.

GABAergic influences on ORX receptor-dependent abnormal motor behaviors and neurodegenerative events in fish

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Facciolo, Rosa Maria; Crudo, Michele; Giusi, Giuseppina; Canonaco, Marcello

2010-01-01

At date the major neuroreceptors i.e. γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABA A R) and orexin (ORXR) systems are beginning to be linked to homeostasis, neuroendocrine and emotional states. In this study, intraperitoneal treatment of the marine teleost Thalassoma pavo with the highly selective GABA A R agonist (muscimol, MUS; 0,1 μg/g body weight) and/or its antagonist bicuculline (BIC; 1 μg/g body weight) have corroborated a GABA A ergic role on motor behaviors. In particular, MUS induced moderate (p A R was very likely responsible for very strong and strong ORXR mRNA reductions in cerebellum valvula and torus longitudinalis, respectively. Moreover these effects were linked to evident ultra-structural changes such as shrunken cell membranes and loss of cytoplasmic architecture. In contrast, MUS supplied a very low, if any, argyrophilic reaction in hypothalamic and mesencephalic regions plus a scarce level of ultra-structural damages. Interestingly, combined administrations of MUS + BIC were not related to consistent damages, aside mild neuronal alterations in motor-related areas such as optic tectum. Overall it is tempting to suggest, for the first time, a neuroprotective role of GABA A R inhibitory actions against the overexcitatory ORXR-dependent neurodegeneration and consequently abnormal swimming events in fish.

Leben und Natur zur frühen Phänomenologie der natürlichen Welt bei Jan Patočka

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Novotný, Karel

2017-01-01

Roč. 7, č. 1 (2017), s. 11-29 ISSN 1804-624X R&D Projects: GA ČR(CZ) GA15-10832S Institutional support: RVO:67985955 Keywords : world * body * life * nature Subject RIV: AA - Philosophy ; Religion OBOR OECD: Philosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology

Comenius’ ethics: from the heart to the world

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Misseri Lucas E.

2017-06-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the ethical views of the 17th century Czech thinker Jan Amos Komenský, also known as Johann Amos Comenius. Comeniologic studies are focused on different aspects of his contribution to education, theology and philosophy but surprisingly there are only a few studies on his ethical standpoints. Jan Patočka classified Comenius’s work in three periods: prepansophic, pansophic and panorthotic. Here the focus is on the panorthotic works in order to trace the different conceptions of ethics, virtue and other ethical concepts specially the virtue of prudence (prudentia/phronesis. Furthermore, to have a broader perspective, a short analysis of his prepansophic period book The Labyrinth of the World and the Paradise of the Heart is also included in order to contrast the evolution of the concept of prudence and the ethical sphere in his world-view. The methodology is based on conceptual analysis, the contrast of different references to ethics in his late period books. At the same time, this work is an attempt to extract secular elements for understanding his ethics, although the organic link between philosophy, theology and politics is recognized in his thought.

The ichthyofauna of limnic systems in Quaternary deposits of extreme southern Brazil

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Cindy Marques

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The Quaternary in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS, southern Brazil, is geologically represented by the coastal plain and was originated by successive events of Pleistocene-Holocene marine transgressions and the occurrence of alluvial deposits. This paper aimed to characterize the fish assemblage occurring in a swampy Quaternary area adjacent to Lagoa Pequena, a lacustrine system connected to the west margin of the Laguna dos Patos estuary. A checklist is also provided of the ichthyofauna so far recorded in limnic systems of Quaternary deposits in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A total of 42 species was recorded, distributed in nine orders, 18 families and 31 genera. Characidae and Cichlidae were the most representative families, comprising 15 and 4 species respectively. A bibliographic revision associated to our sample data revealed the occurrence of 156 species in limnic systems inserted in RS Quaternary deposits (114 limnic, 15 marine/estuarine/limnic, ten marine/estuarine, nine estuarine/limnic and eight marine. Characiformes and Siluriformes are the most diverse orders, corroborating the Neotropical pattern. Seven species can be considered endemic to RS Quaternary deposits.

Morning glory species interference on the development and yield of soybeans

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Fortunato De Bortoli Pagnoncelli

2017-08-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Plants from the genus ipomoea are among the most important weeds in Brazil. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of different densities of 2 species of Ipomoea (I. grandifolia and I. purpurea under different environments (counties of Pato Branco and Renascença, Paraná state, Brazil on soybean biometric variables, yield components and crop yield loss. Field experiments in 2 distinct places were conducted in a randomized block design, where 1 factor consisted of 8 plant densities (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 and 20 plants∙m−2, whereas the other factor consisted of the 2 Ipomoea species. Joint analysis of the data was performed considering the factors environment, Ipomoea densities and species. The impact of one Ipomoea plant∙m−2 was very high, reaching 26%, on average, of species and environments. The maximum soybean yield loss experienced with the Ipomoea density of 20 plants∙m−2 was close to 80%. The impact of Ipomoea density was more important than the species and environment. This result highlights the importance of correct management of plants of these weed species in soybean crop.

Ensino de História e formação cidadã: um estudo com jovens estudantes em escolas no meio rural e urbano

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Astrogildo Fernandes da Silva Júnior

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This study aims to analyze the perception of young students in rural and urban schools on politics, human rights and citizenship, as well as to propose reflections on challenges and possible contributions of history teaching to the citizen education of these individuals. 130 young students from the cities of Araguari, Uberlândia and Patos de Minas in the State of Minas Gerais took part in the study. The research subjects can be considered “poor youngsters” according to their family income. It was concluded that rural and urban environments in these towns are social, economical and cultural independent spaces. In relation to politics, the research corroborated international data which reveal the youngsters’ lack of interest, and the rural students were shown more skeptical than the urban ones. Regarding human rights and citizenship, silence was prevalent, mainly amongst the urban young students. The study confirmed the school importance in the formation of a democratic and participant culture, and that one of the challenges to history teachers is to contribute to the field of reflection and education of young students about politics, human rights and citizenship issues.

Phytosociology of a coastal peat forest of the Toto Beach, Municipality of Pelotas, RS, Brazil

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Tiago Schuch Lemos Venzke

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Floristic composition and structure of the tree component were analyzed in a coastal peat forest of the Toto Beach, located in the southern region of Lagoa dos Patos (31º43’39”S e 52º12’04”W. The phytosociological sampling was conducted on a sample area of 0.1 ha. All trees with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm were included. The species richness found was equivalent to 23 species distributed in 20 genera and 15 families. Two endangered species were sampled. The total tree density estimated for one hectare was equivalent to 3,480 trees. The most important species in the forest structure were Ocotea sp., Myrcia multiflora, Psidium cattleyanum, Ocotea pulchella, Myrsine lorentziana, Citharexyllum myrianthum, Ilex dumosa, Syagrus romanzoffiana, Guapira opposita and Sebastiania brasiliensis. The species diversity estimated by the Shannon index was 2,174 nats.ind.-1 and evenness (J was 0.684. The forest structure, number of taxa and diversity are similar to other surveys carried out in swamp forests of southern and southeastern Brazil. These parameters must be considered in the environmental licensing and ecological restoration projects of this forest type.

Reevaluación del paciente periodontal: intervalo de tiempo adecuado para reevaluar sus parámetros

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Berenice Flores Díaz

2017-07-01

Full Text Available La reevaluación es uno de los pasos del tratamiento periodontal enfocados en determinar los resultados de la terapia inicial y la necesidad de terapias de soporte adicionales. El objetivo del artículo es revisar la información relacionada al intervalo de tiempo para la reevaluación los signos de progresión de la enfermedad periodontal apropiado para medir los efectos de la terapia inicial. Después de este período de tiempo, la estabilidad del periodonto debe ser evaluada en lugar de los efectos de la terapia. Conclusión: En síntesis el establecimiento de la nueva unión dento-epitelial se realiza de manera rutinaria por lo que se sugiere la reevaluación después de 2 semanas. Luego del raspado y alisado radicular hay restablecimiento del epitelio de unión al diente la super cie en 1 a 2 semanas el tejido conjuntivo continúa durante 4 a 8 semanas pero más de 2 meses puede ser demasiado tiempo porque las bacterias patógenas ya han repoblado las bolsas periodontales.

Qualidade de vida, condições e autopercepçãoda saúde entre idosos hipertensos e não hipertensos

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Dóris Firmino Rabelo

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi investigar o estilo de vida, as condições e a auto-percepção da saúde e da qualidade de vida entre idosos hipertensos e não hipertensos do município de Patos de Minas (MG. Participaram 364 idosos, sendo 54,7% hipertensos. Utilizaram-se: anamnese (histórico de saúde, engajamento social, estilo de vida e saúde percebida; Escala de Lawton; Mini-Exame do Estado Mental; Escala de Qualidade de Vida de Flanagan. Foram feitas estatísticas descritivas, comparativas de grupos, correlação e regressão linear. Os resultados indicaram que a qualidade de vida foi influenciada pelas atividades física e religiosa, e pela saúde percebida, comparada a contemporâneos. A saúde percebida hoje foi influenciada pelas mesmas variáveis e pela hipertensão arterial. Considerou-se que a continuidade de estudos que investiguem a qualidade de vida e a saúde percebida é necessária para a consolidação de modelos teóricos do desenvolvimento psicossocial de idosos saudáveis ou não.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) contamination in aquatic environments adjacent to areas of multiple uses: to whom is that environmental liability?; Contaminacao por hidrocarbonetos aromaticos policiclicos (HPAS) em ambientes aquaticos adjacentes a areas de multiplos usos: a quem corresponde esse passivo ambiental?

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Garcia, Marina R.D.; Mirlean, Nicolai; Machado, Maria Isabel C.S. [Fundacao Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), RS (Brazil); Caramao, Elina B. [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2004-07-01

Contamination often can be related to different activities, especially in areas with multiple uses. In these cases, studies are necessary to correctly evaluate the origin of contaminants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that have two main sources: pyrolytic and petrogenic processes. In Rio Grande City, located at the margins of Patos Lagoon estuary, south Brazil, there are several navigation and industrial activities. This work has the objective to determinate the origins of PAHs and to evaluate the contribution of different sources to the aquatic contamination. The sampling stations were classified according to three main types: industrial effluent, sewage and runoff. We collected sediments from the bottom of effluent channels and from the respective estuarine environments. The material was sieved (0,063 mm), dried, extracted in soxhlet apparatus with methylene chloride and GC-MS analyzed. The results showed that pyrolytic compounds were predominant, indicating the contribution of diffuse sources. This type of study was successful in relating PAHs with their sources, confirming the role of urban and other industries activities in this case of contamination, superimposed to the midstream e downstream activities of petroleum industry. (author)

Molecular epidemiology of Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis and Babesia vogeli in stray dogs in Paraná, Brazil

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Claudia M. Ribeiro

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: Hemoparasitic infections are tick-borne diseases, which affect animals and humans. Considering the importance of canine hemoparasitic infections in veterinary clinics, this study aimed to determine the occurrence of Anaplasma platys, Ehrlichia canis and Babesia vogeli in blood samples from 182 dogs not domiciled in the city of Pato Branco, southwestern region of Paraná State, Brazil, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR. The prevalence of A. platys and B. vogeli was 32.9% and 10.9% respectively, and A. platys infection prevailed (p<0.001. The number of dogs positive for A. platys was larger in Winter (p<0.05. All blood samples were negative for E. canis. In the dogs, infestation by Amblyomma cajennense predominated over that by Rhipicephalus sanguineus (p<0.001; but there was no significant association between PCR and the variables presence of ticks, sex and age. Dogs infected by A. platys and B. vogeli showed thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and leukocytosis; but there was no correlation between such hematological changes and infection by hemoparasites. This appears to be the first molecular study that demonstrates the existence of A. platys and B. vogeli in dogs from the southwestern region of Paraná.

Distribution and abundance of the Lesser electric ray Narcine brasiliensis (Olfers, 1831 (Elasmobranchii: Narcinidae in southern Brazil in relation to environmental factors

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Gabriel Maciel de Souza Vianna

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The distribution and abundance of the lesser electric ray, Narcine brasiliensis, was assessed based on bottom-trawl survey data collected off the coast of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Between 1980 and 1984 and in 2005, 416 bottom trawl hauls were carried out at depths of 10-100 m. Narcine brasiliensis occurred mainly in waters with bottom temperature between 20 and 25ºC. Density of the species was higher between the depths of 10 and 20 m, during the summer and autumn. The seasonal pattern of N. brasiliensis in the shallow coastal water of Rio Grande do Sul reflects a southward migration in summer. This is conditioned by the southward advance of warmer and high-salinity Tropical Water of the Brazil Current In winter, the return or northward migration is a response to seasonal cooling of the coastal waters and to the northward advance of cold Coastal Water of lower salinity. The latitudinal gradient in density of N. brasiliensis was related to the latitudinal gradient in salinity of the bottom waters. This was caused by the freshwater runoff from the Patos Lagoon establishing a physical barrier to the occurrence of the species farther south than the city of Rio Grande.A distribuição e abundância da raia elétrica Narcine brasiliensis foi analisada com base em 416 lances de arrasto de fundo realizados entre as profundidades de 10- 100 m ao longo da costa do Rio Grande do Sul, em 1980-1984 e 2005. A espécie ocorreu prioritariamente em águas com temperatura de fundo entre 20 e 25ºC. A densidade de N. brasiliensis foi maior durante o verão e outono e entre as profundidades de 10 e 20 m. O padrão sazonal de densidade da espécie nas águas costeiras rasas do Rio Grande do Sul reflete uma migração no sentido norte-sul condicionada pelo avanço das águas quentes e de alta salinidade da Água Tropical da Corrente do Brasil em direção ao sul durante o verão. A redução sazonal da temperatura da água e o avanço da Água Costeira, de

Influência de processos locais e regionais nas assembléias de peixes em reservatórios do Estado do Paraná, Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i1.2087 Influence of local and regional processes on fish Assemblager in reservoirs of Paraná State, Brazil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i1.2087

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Angelo Antonio Agostinho

2003-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os principais processos (locais e/ou regionais que influenciam a composição e a estrutura das assembléias de peixes em reservatórios do Estado do Paraná. Foram amostrados seis reservatórios (Capivari, Guaricana, Alagados, Fiú, Mourão e Rio dos Patos. As coletas foram trimestrais (de julho/95 a fevereiro/97 e de março/98 a fevereiro/99, com uso de redes de espera simples e tresmalhos, de diferentes malhagens, expostas por 24 horas. Todos os exemplares foram identificados, medidos, pesados e a abundância das espécies foi expressa pela captura por unidade de esforço (CPUE, dada em número (no ind./ 1000m2 de rede* 24h. Variáveis abióticas (processos locais também foram medidas no momento de coleta. A análise de correspondência com remoção do efeito do arco (DCA e a análise de componentes principais (PCA foram utilizadas para sumarizar os dados de abundância e abióticos, respectivamente. Os escores dos eixos dessas análises foram utilizados para avaliar a relação entre os fatores abióticos (locais e regionais e a estrutura das assembléias de peixes. Os processos regionais parecem ser os principais responsáveis pela composição e, conseqüentemente, pela estrutura das assembléias de peixes nos reservatóriosThe aim of this study was to identify the main processes (local and/or regional that influence in the composition and structure of fish assemblages in reservoirs located in the state of Paraná. Six reservoirs were sampled (Capivari, Guaricana, Alagados, Fiú, Mourão and Rio dos Patos. The samples were quarterly taken from July/95 to February/97 and March/98 to February/99 using gillnets and trammel nets of different mesh sizes set for 24 hours. The abundance was indexed by the catch per effort in number (No. ind./ 1000m2 net* 24 hs. All fishes collected were identified, measured and weighted. Some abiotic variables (local process were measured during the samples. The detrended

Caderno de campo digital: antropologia em novas mídias

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Luiz Eduardo Robinson Achutti

2004-06-01

Full Text Available A pesquisa apresenta uma experiência de etnografia e fotoetnografia com equipamento digital. Busca registrar as transformações por que passa uma comunidade rural e pesqueira pertencente a Viamão, na Grande Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Margeada pelo rio Guaíba (na verdade, lago e pela lagoa dos Patos (na verdade, laguna, com a chegada do asfalto no ano de 2002 e a abertura à visitação de parque de reserva ambiental, a vila, chamada Vila de Itapuã, passou a atrair visitantes e a romper com o isolamento. Tal isolamento foi determinante para que na década de 1940 no local fosse construído o Hospital Colônia, uma prisão-tratamento para leprosos. A pesquisa busca registrar a cultura açoriana ali remanescente e, sobretudo, pensar o moderno que penetra o tradicional e todas as implicações desse entrelaçamento na construção de uma identidade local. Paralelamente à modernização que alcança o campo da investigação, a pesquisa também traz inovações metodológicas, ao testar e ampliar o uso da fotografia digital como um recurso para a fotoetnografia, discutir os seus recursos e limites e também os recursos da Internet, uma vez que o caderno de campo é publicado sistematicamente no site www.ufrgs.br/fotoetnografia, no ar desde o mês de julho de 2003.This research presents an ethnographic and photoethnographic experiment with digital equipment. The research aims to register the transformations through which a rural fishing community is going through, in Viam��o, in the vicinities of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The Vila, called Vila de Itapuã, is surrounded by the Guaíba river on one side and by the Patos lagoon on the other; in the year 2002 the paths to the Vila were asphalted and a wild life reserve park was opened, inviting visitors to end this Vila's isolation. The former isolation of the place was a fundamental reason for the establishment, in the 1940's, of the Colony Hospital, a prison-leprosarium. The present research

Descrição do esqueleto axial de Liolaemus arambarensis Verrastro, Veronese, Bujes & Dias Filho (Iguania, Liolaemidae: regiões pré-sacral e sacral Description of the axial skeleton of Liolaemus arambarensis Verrastro et al. (Iguania, Liolaemidae: pre-sacral and sacral regions

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Caroline M. da Silva

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Liolaemus arambarensis Verrastro, Veronese, Bujes & Dias Filho, 2003 (Iguania, Liolaemidae é um pequeno lagarto de areia, que vive nos ambientes de restingas da Laguna dos Patos. A descrição do esqueleto desta espécie pode elucidar algumas relações filogenéticas em relação a outras espécies do gênero. Tendo por objetivo a descrição das regiões pré-sacral e sacral do esqueleto axial de L. arambarensis, foram analisados sete exemplares da espécie. Observou-se que a maior estrutura axial é a coluna vertebral, que é dividida nas regiões: cervical, dorsal, sacral e caudal. A região cervical possui oito vértebras, e as costelas aparecem a partir da quarta vértebra. A região dorsal é dividida em: torácica, com cinco vértebras portando costelas unidas ao esterno; e pós-torácica, com 11 vértebras portando costelas livres. Segue-se a região sacral com duas vértebras fusionadas, que portam processos transversos fortemente expandidos lateralmente. O esterno de L. arambarensis constitui-se de uma placa cartilaginosa calcificada que se comunica com a região torácica da coluna vertebral e com a cintura escapular. Em vista do descrito anteriormente, pode-se dizer que L. arambarensis apresenta os padrões de esqueleto axial descritos para espécies de sua família e gênero.Liolaemus arambarensis Verrastro, Veronese, Bujes & Dias Filho, 2003 (Iguania: Liolaemidae is a small sand lizard that inhabits restingas in the Patos Lagoon, Southern Brazil. The description of the skeleton in this species could give some insights about the phylogenetic relationships with other species of the genus. With the main goal of describing the pre-sacral and sacral regions of the axial skeleton of L. arambarensis, a total of seven individuals were analyzed. It was observed that the largest axial structure is the vertebral column that is divided into four regions: cervical, dorsal, sacral and caudal. The cervical region presents eight vertebra and the

Eimeria tenella: host specificity in gallinaceous birds.

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Vetterling, J M

1976-02-01

Eight species representing 8 genera of gallinaceous birds were used: Alectoris graeca; Colinus virginianus; Coturnix coturnix; Gallus gallus; Meleagris gallopavo; Numidia meleagris; Pavo cristatus; Phasianus colchicus. Three week-old birds were dosed with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella Beltsville strain. At 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and 144, and 168 hr after inoculation, 1-3 infected birds and uninoculated controls of each species were killed by cardiac exsanguination. Pieces of intestines were fixed and examined for stages of E. tenella as stained paraffin sections or indirect fluorescent antibody preparations. Oocyst counts were made in droppings collected for the first 6 days of the patent period. Sporozoites were found in the lamina propria of some birds of 5 species at 4 hr postinoculation, but no stages were found thereafter except in the breeds of G. gallus and A. gracea. At 144 and 168 hr postinoculation, a few macrogametes were found in the ceca of 2 A. gracea, but no oocysts were found in the feces. No statistical difference was found between the number of oocysts produced/bird in the breeds of G. gallus examined. It is evident from these observations the E. tenella did not complete its life cycle in several close phylogenetic relatives of G. gallus, even though in other studies this parasite was found to complete its life cycle in cell cultures derived from the same birds.

Karyotypic evolution in the Galliformes: an examination of the process of karyotypic evolution by comparison of the molecular cytogenetic findings with the molecular phylogeny.

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Shibusawa, M; Nishibori, M; Nishida-Umehara, C; Tsudzuki, M; Masabanda, J; Griffin, D K; Matsuda, Y

2004-01-01

To define the process of karyotypic evolution in the Galliformes on a molecular basis, we conducted genome-wide comparative chromosome painting for eight species, i.e. silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), Lady Amherst's pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae), ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), Western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), Chinese bamboo-partridge (Bambusicola thoracica) and common peafowl (Pavo cristatus) of the Phasianidae, and plain chachalaca (Ortalis vetula) of the Cracidae, with chicken DNA probes of chromosomes 1-9 and Z. Including our previous data from five other species, chicken (Gallus gallus), Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and blue-breasted quail (Coturnix chinensis) of the Phasianidae, guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) of the Numididae and California quail (Callipepla californica) of the Odontophoridae, we represented the evolutionary changes of karyotypes in the 13 species of the Galliformes. In addition, we compared the cytogenetic data with the molecular phylogeny of the 13 species constructed with the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, and discussed the process of karyotypic evolution in the Galliformes. Comparative chromosome painting confirmed the previous data on chromosome rearrangements obtained by G-banding analysis, and identified several novel chromosome rearrangements. The process of the evolutionary changes of macrochromosomes in the 13 species was in good accordance with the molecular phylogeny, and the ancestral karyotype of the Galliformes is represented. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

Accurate effective temperatures of the metal-poor benchmark stars HD 140283, HD 122563, and HD 103095 from CHARA interferometry

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Karovicova, I.; White, T. R.; Nordlander, T.; Lind, K.; Casagrande, L.; Ireland, M. J.; Huber, D.; Creevey, O.; Mourard, D.; Schaefer, G. H.; Gilmore, G.; Chiavassa, A.; Wittkowski, M.; Jofré, P.; Heiter, U.; Thévenin, F.; Asplund, M.

2018-03-01

Large stellar surveys of the Milky Way require validation with reference to a set of `benchmark' stars whose fundamental properties are well determined. For metal-poor benchmark stars, disagreement between spectroscopic and interferometric effective temperatures has called the reliability of the temperature scale into question. We present new interferometric measurements of three metal-poor benchmark stars, HD 140283, HD 122563, and HD 103095, from which we determine their effective temperatures. The angular sizes of all the stars were determined from observations with the PAVO beam combiner at visible wavelengths at the CHARA array, with additional observations of HD 103095 made with the VEGA instrument, also at the CHARA array. Together with photometrically derived bolometric fluxes, the angular diameters give a direct measurement of the effective temperature. For HD 140283, we find θLD = 0.324 ± 0.005 mas, Teff = 5787 ± 48 K; for HD 122563, θLD = 0.926 ± 0.011 mas, Teff = 4636 ± 37 K; and for HD 103095, θLD = 0.595 ± 0.007 mas, Teff = 5140 ± 49 K. Our temperatures for HD 140283 and HD 103095 are hotter than the previous interferometric measurements by 253 and 322 K, respectively. We find good agreement between our temperatures and recent spectroscopic and photometric estimates. We conclude some previous interferometric measurements have been affected by systematic uncertainties larger than their quoted errors.

Copepod distribution and production in a Mid-Atlantic Ridge archipelago

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PEDRO A.M.C. MELO

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA are located close to the Equator in the Atlantic Ocean. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial variations in the copepod community abundance, and the biomass and production patterns of the three most abundant calanoid species in the SPSPA. Plankton samples were collected with a 300 µm mesh size net along four transects (north, east, south and west of the SPSPA, with four stations plotted in each transect. All transects exhibited a tendency toward a decrease in copepod density with increasing distance from the SPSPA, statistically proved in the North. Density varied from 3.33 to 182.18 ind.m−3, and differences were also found between the first perimeter (first circular distance band and the others. The total biomass varied from 15.25 to 524.50 10−3 mg C m−3 and production from 1.19 to 22.04 10−3 mg C m−3d−1. The biomass and production of Undinula vulgaris (Dana, 1849, Acrocalanus longicornis Giesbrecht, 1888 and Calocalanus pavo (Dana, 1849 showed differences between some transects. A trend of declining biodiversity and production with increasing distance from archipelago was observed, suggesting that even small features like the SPSPA can affect the copepod community in tropical oligotrophic oceanic areas.

Abundance, distribution, diversity and zoogeography of epipelagic copepods off the Egyptian Coast (Mediterranean Sea

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Howaida Y. Zakaria

2016-12-01

Full Text Available The abundance, distribution and diversity of epipelagic copepods were studied along the Egyptian Mediterranean Coast during April, August, 2008, February, 2009 and 2010. The geographical distribution and ecological affinities of the recorded species are presented in order to follow up the migrant species that recently entered in the study area. Copepoda was the most dominant zooplankton group, representing 74.14% of the total zooplankton counts. The annual averages of copepod abundance in the coastal, shelf and offshore zones were 699.3, 609.7 and 555.7 ind.m−3, respectively. Spring was the most productive and diversified season. 118 copepod species were identified in the study area; among them twelve species are recorded in the Mediterranean Sea for the first time and 41 species are new records in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters. The community was dominated by Oithona nana, Calocalanus pavo, Nannocalanus minor, Clausocalanus arcuicornis and Paracalanus parvus. The study area could be considered as a crossroad for migration process from Atlantic Ocean in the west and Indian Ocean via Red Sea and Suez Canal from the south. In addition, the maritime activities in the Mediterranean Sea may have contributed into the change of copepod diversity in the study area where some species could have come to the Egyptian Coast from other water systems via ballast water.

Selective attention in peacocks during predator detection.

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Yorzinski, Jessica L; Platt, Michael L

2014-05-01

Predation can exert strong selective pressure on the evolution of behavioral and morphological traits in birds. Because predator avoidance is key to survival and birds rely heavily on visual perception, predation may have shaped avian visual systems as well. To address this question, we examined the role of visual attention in antipredator behavior in peacocks (Pavo cristatus). Peacocks were exposed to a model predator while their gaze was continuously recorded with a telemetric eye-tracker. We found that peacocks spent more time looking at and made more fixations on the predator compared to the same spatial location before the predator was revealed. The duration of fixations they directed toward conspecifics and environmental features decreased after the predator was revealed, indicating that the peacocks were rapidly scanning their environment with their eyes. Maximum eye movement amplitudes and amplitudes of consecutive saccades were similar before and after the predator was revealed. In cases where conspecifics detected the predator first, peacocks appeared to learn that danger was present by observing conspecifics' antipredator behavior. Peacocks were faster to detect the predator when they were fixating closer to the area where the predator would eventually appear. In addition, pupil size increased after predator exposure, consistent with increased physiological arousal. These findings demonstrate that peacocks selectively direct their attention toward predatory threats and suggest that predation has influenced the evolution of visual orienting systems.

Characterisation of peacock (Pavo cristatus) mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequence and its use in differentiation from closely related poultry species.

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Saini, M; Das, D K; Dhara, A; Swarup, D; Yadav, M P; Gupta, P K

2007-04-01

1. Poaching of peacocks, the national bird of India, is illegal. People kill this beautiful pheasant bird for tail feathers and mix the meat with chicken or turkey. Differentiation of the meat of these species is essential in order to address the ambiguity about the origin of the sample. 2. The present study was carried out to investigate the use of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene for identification of these species. 3. Peacock mitochondrial 12S rRNA partial gene was amplified using universal primers, cloned and characterised. It was found to be 446 nucleotides long. 4. Sequence analysis revealed 86.8 and 84.1% similarity with reported turkey and chicken sequences, respectively. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that the peacock is much closer to the turkey than the chicken. 5. PCR-RFLP of 446 bp amplicon using commonly available restriction enzymes AluI and Sau3AI produced a differential pattern for identifying these poultry species unambiguously.

Nickel, vanadium, and lead as indicators of sediment contamination of marina, refinery, and shipyard areas.

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Pereira, Thayane Lúcia; Wallner-Kersanach, Mônica; Costa, Luiza Dy Fonseca; Costa, Daniel Pereira; Baisch, Paulo Roberto Martins

2018-01-01

Metallic elements found in the aquatic environment may originate in areas where petroleum is refined and vessels are maintained and repaired. This study aims to assess contamination caused by nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and vanadium (V) in sediment of the Lagoa dos Patos estuary (RS, Brazil) and to evaluate them as indicators of areas under the influence of petroleum products and antifouling paints. Surface sediments were collected in summer and in winter in areas of marinas, shipyards, refinery, and a control station. High Pb and V concentrations in shipyards and at the Yacht Club showed that some organisms may be affected by toxicity. High Pb results of the index of geoaccumulation (Igeo) were found at the Yacht Club and shipyards. Al, Ni, and V had similar distribution in the sediment in both seasons. Ni and V had high relation in winter at the Yacht Club and at the Santos Shipyard, thus suggesting that these elements come mainly from petroleum products. The same happened to the relations between Pb and V, as well as Pb and Ni at the Santos Shipyard. These elements are employed as useful tools as indicators to identify places with moderate to high localized anthropogenic inputs of petroleum derivatives and antifouling paints.

La demanda turística desde la perspectiva de la satisfacción, la actitud y las preferencias respecto a su gastronomía: el caso de Salitre (Ecuador

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Mauricio Carvache-Franco

2018-05-01

Full Text Available La cocina ecuatoriana es muy variada según cada región, lo cual hace que los visitantes encuentren en cada sitio un plato con diversas características. La ciudad de Salitre, ubicada en la provincia del Guayas, en Ecuador, es muy visitada por turistas nacionales y extranjeros. Aquí se puede encontrar una variada gastronomía típica, siendo este un atractivo muy importante para este destino. El presente trabajo empírico se realizó IN SITU, para lo cual, utilizando un cuestionario que fue analizado con técnicas univariantes y bivariantes, se pretende estudiar la satisfacción, la actitud y las preferencias de los visitantes. Los resultados evidencian que entre las preferencias de los visitantes se encuentran la cazuela de camarón, el seco de pato y la fritada. La satisfacción con respecto a la gastronomía es alta, “la variedad de los platos” y “la rapidez con la que lo atendieron” son los atributos más valorados en relación con la satisfacción, aspectos óptimos para potenciar la gastronomía de Salitre como atractivo turístico.

Ovarian histology and fecundity in the evaluation of the reproduction of the invasive species Serrasalmus marginatus (Characidae on a neotropical floodplain

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Gabriele Sauthier Romano de Melo

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The construction of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Plant in 1982 led to the formation of a reservoir, which, in turn, leveled the waters of the Paraná River by flooding the geographic barrier Salto de Sete Quedas. This allowed the piranha Serrasalmus marginatus to invade and colonize the upper Paraná River. This study aimed to: i confirm, through light microscopy, the reproductive phases of S. marginatus females; ii estimate fecundity and iii evaluate the reproduction areas of the population. A total of 764 females were collected from nine sampling sites on the upper Paraná River floodplain. Microscopic analysis of the ovaries showed the following phases: early developing subphase, developing phase, spawning capable phase, actively spawning subphase, regressing phase and regenerating phase. The frequency distribution of the oocytes shows that spawning is fractional and fecundity indeterminate. Fecundity varied from 410 to 752 oocytes (mean = 584. The continual spawning of oocytes during the long reproductive period, as well as the aggressiveness of the species as regards the defense of its offspring, guarantees more descendants in the Patos, Ventura, Fechada, Guaraná and Garças lagoons and Ivinheima and Baia rivers of the upper Paraná River floodplain.

Litho-structural and geophysics features of the Alto Paranaiba Uplift

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hasui, Y.

1991-01-01

The Alto Paranaiba Uplift (APU) is an almost elliptical tectonic feature of the Western Minas Gerais/Southern Goias region, which was active mostly during the Cretaceous. It separated the Parana Basin, during the formation of the Sao Bento, Uberaba and Bauru sequences, from the Alto-Sanfranciscana Basin, at the time of formation of the Areado, Patos, Capacete and Urucuia sequences. The Bouguer anomaly data indicate that the APU developed at the southwestern border of the ancient Brasilia crustal block and is represented by an almost elliptical gravity high of 15 mgal, locally disturbed by positive and negative the presence of important lineaments of a NW-SE set, mostly crossing the southwestern half of the APU. The APU development, the magmatism and the lateral basin formation involved reactivation of preexisting discontinuities and are related to a mantle plume. The tectonic development was aborted at the uplift stage during Cretaceous, after the deposition of the Bauru and Urucuia sequences, as is indicated by the Pratinha peneplane, now elevated at about 1.100 m altitude, which sculpture ended at the beginning of the Tertiary. The APU is one tectonic feature like other similar anomalies also aborted in the uplift stage or in the rift stage, which developed in Southern Brazil during the time of Atlantic Ocean opening. (author)

Local ecological knowledge of fishers about the life cycle and temporal patterns in the migration of mullet (Mugil liza in Southern Brazil

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Dannieli Firme Herbst

Full Text Available This research investigates local ecological knowledge of fishers in communities along a latitudinal gradient in the coast of the Santa Catarina State, regarding the life cycle of mullets Mugil liza (migration, feeding, and reproductive behavior. Our sampling encompassed eight Santa Catarina coastal cities (nine artisanal fishing sites and engaged 45 key informants (28- 86 years of age through semi-structured interviews from August/2011 to March/2012. This fish species feeds and grows in lagoon and estuarine systems, migrating to the sea for reproduction, and spawning. Fishers acknowledged the Patos Lagoon and the Plata River as the main source of mullet schools. Migration occurs from South to North and the routes vary according to climatic and oceanographic conditions (e.g., low temperatures, south winds, rainfall, currents, salinity. These conditions influence the abundance of mullets (and therefore fisheries success, their migration and stops in locations such as beaches, rocky shores, and islands. According to fishers, mullet spawning occurs throughout the coast of the Santa Catarina State and they feed in lagoons and riverine systems but also out at sea during migration. In conclusion, fishers possess a detailed knowledge about mullet life cycle and they identify intra and interannual variations in migration routes, a pattern that should be considered in managing the fishery.

Acceptance of fish hamburgers in school meals in the Southwest Region of Paraná, Brazil

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Leandra Schuastz BREDA

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract The regular consumption of fish provides health gains for people, and its introduction in school meals is an important strategy to insert the habit of consuming this food by a population. Thus the objective of this study was to verify the acceptance of fish, presented in the form of hamburger, by children in municipal primary schools in the town of Pato Branco, Brazil, in which the school cooks had been trained to produce fish hamburgers. Acceptance was evaluated using a hedonic scale with 5 facial classifications (1 = disliked extremely to 5 = liked extremely. Students of both genders from 5 to 10 years of age (n = 142 were served the hamburgers for their midday meal, representing the protein portion of the meal. The results were analyzed by logistic regression. No effect of age or gender was observed between the children in the acceptance of the hamburgers, but the interaction between age and gender was significant. The cluster analysis was applied to distinguish this interaction using two-way joining to present the results, which showed the effect between specific age and gender situations. The acceptance index was 87% showing the potential for the consumption of this food by children.

The use of dynamic computation systems in the evaluation of the damages caused by oil spill; O uso de sistemas computacionais dinamicos na avaliacao dos danos causados por derrames de petroleo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barbosa, Luiz H.C.; Laurino, Luiz S.; Muelbert, Jose H. [Fundacao Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), RS (Brazil)

2004-07-01

Estuarine areas are zones of great environmental risk characterized as great sensitivity to oil and oil products spills. Traditionally, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used to evaluate these possible impacts. However, for some groups of organisms, like plankton, the spatial limitations of GIS become inadequate because their distributions exhibits temporal variability and are associated with dynamic environmental factors. Having this in mind, the development of a specific tool is necessary to supply this need. For the development of this tool, data of fish larvae and eggs (ichthyoplankton) from the Lagoa dos Patos Estuary (RS) were chosen as an initial group for the development of a Plankton Diagnostic System (SIDIPLA). These groups have an accentuated sensitivity to oil spills. This impact could directly affect the environment quality and indirectly the local fishing resource. SIDIPLA is elaborated from data reports covering every estuarine area and graphs are generated containing abundance of the species of fish larvae and eggs from the geographical position, season, temperature and salinity; selected by the user from an Internet page (http://corvina.lei.furg.br/sidipla). Several simulations demonstrated the strength of the system and its easy use. Furthermore this tool can be implemented in different places of the Brazilian coast and different groups of organisms. (author)

When Arguments and Sounds of Words Begin to Speak - About Learning rhetorics

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Tatjana Zidar

1995-12-01

Full Text Available There has been a growing awareness as to the need of knowledge to improvc public speaking and interpersonal communication. When limiting our consideration to two essential elements contributing to efficient public speakiog, i.e. the strength of argumcntation and voice modulation of the text, one becomes aware of how important argumentation is. It is necessary for a speaker to fonn efficient arguments by taking into account his or her ethical features. Further, there are at least five types of argumentation (deduction, induction, analogous, causative and referential concluding. There is a need, on the other hand, to avoid sly and dishonest argumentation (evasion, dangerous speculations, ... etc.. Nevertheless, the argumentation alone does not suffice. Speakers should develop a feeling enabling them to teli when the speech is good, i e. how to catch attention of the audience, how to conclude efficiently, how to be dramatic, how to order arguments, what language to use. To this purpose three basic elements of persuasion are used: etos, patos and logos. Other elements can help forwarding the message, such as: intonation, language register, colour and intensity of speech, tempo and pronunciation. To enhance public speaking the content and the speech form are to be linked.

INFLUÊNCIA DA EMBALAGEM E DO LOCAL DE ARMAZENAMENTO NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES DE GERGELIM

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Francisco de Assis Cardoso Almeida

1999-08-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O gergelim vem sendo cultivado comercialmente no Nordeste desde 1986, como alternativa para a redução da produção do algodão na região e, devido à escassez de informações sobre os problemas de conservação de sementes de gergelim da cultivar CNPA G , comercializada no estado da Paraíba, estudou-se a qualidade fisiológica das sementes desta cultivar acondicionadas em saco de papel e de pano e em recipiente metálico, armazenadas em condições de ambiente natural em duas microrregiões do estado da Paraíba (Patos e Campina Grande e em ambiente controlado de câmara seca, durante 13 meses de armazenamento, por meio dos testes de germinação e vigor e da determinação do teor de umidade e matéria seca. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 8, com quatro repetições. Com base nos resultados, concluiu-se que a resposta diferencial à viabilidade, em todos os fatores analisados, está associada ao tipo de embalagem, que determina a longevidade da semente durante o período de armazenamento.

Adaptability and phenotypic stability of soybean cultivars for grain yield and oil content.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, K B; Bruzi, A T; Zuffo, A M; Zambiazzi, E V; Soares, I O; de Rezende, P M; Fronza, V; Vilela, G D L; Botelho, F B S; Teixeira, C M; de O Coelho, M A

2016-04-25

The aim of this study was to verify the adaptability and stability of soybean cultivars with regards to yield and oil content. Data of soybean yield and oil content were used from experiments set up in six environments in the 2011/12 and 2012/13 crop seasons in the municipalities of Patos de Minas, Uberaba, Lavras, and São Gotardo, Minas Gerais, Brazil, testing 36 commercial soybean cultivars of both conventional and transgenic varieties. The Wricke method and GGE biplot analysis were used to evaluate adaptability and stability of these cultivars. Large variations were observed in grain yield in relation to the different environments studied, showing that these materials are adaptable. The cultivars exhibited significant differences in oil content. The cultivars BRSGO204 (Goiânia) and BRSMG (Garantia) exhibited the greatest average grain yield in the different environments studied, and the cultivar BRSMG 760 SRR had the greatest oil content among the cultivars evaluated. Ecovalence was adopted to identify the most stable cultivars, and the estimates were nearly uniform both for grain yield and oil content, showing a variation of 0.07 and 0.01%, respectively. The GGE biplot was efficient at identifying cultivars with high adaptability and phenotype stability.

Predição do potencial genético de populações segregantes de arroz de terras altas Prediction of genetic potential of segregating upland rice population

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Patrícia Guimarães Santos

2001-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o método de Jinks & Pooni na predição do potencial genético de populações segregantes de arroz e estudar o efeito da interação populações segregantes x ambiente na seleção destas populações. Utilizaram-se 23 populações segregantes de arroz de terras altas e duas testemunhas, avaliadas em um látice 5x5, com três repetições, no ano agrícola de 1996/97. O estudo foi conduzido em dois locais em Minas Gerais, Lavras e Patos de Minas, em três épocas distintas de semeadura. Os resultados encontrados em relação à probabilidade de extrair linhagens superiores a um determinado padrão indicaram como mais promissoras as populações CNAx 5496 e CNAx 6001, e menos promissoras, CNAx 6063 e CNAx 6102. A previsão do potencial genético das populações segregantes a partir do método de Jinks & Pooni mostrou-se uma alternativa viável na escolha das populações mais promissoras, permitindo ao melhorista concentrar maiores esforços na avaliação das famílias superiores. A ocorrência das interações populações segregantes x épocas e locais x épocas mostraram a importância de se avaliar as populações em mais de um ambiente. A escolha das populações que apresentam um comportamento estável frente às oscilações ambientais é importante dentro de um programa de melhoramento.This work aimed to evaluate the Jinks & Pooni's method to predict genetic potential of the segregating upland rice population and to study the effect of the segregating population x environment interaction in the selection of those populations. In this work 23 segregating populations of upland rice with two checks were used. They were evaluated in a5x5 lattice, with three replicates, in the agricultural year of 1996/97. The populations were conducted in two sites in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, Lavras and Patos de Minas, at three distinct sowing times. The results found in relation to the probability of extracting

O regime hidrológico do rio Ivinhema (Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e sua influência na assembléia zoobentônica=Hydrologic regime of the Ivinhema river (Mato Grosso do Sul, State and its influence on zoobenthic assemblage

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José Antonio Arenas-Ibarra

2012-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo foi realizado em diferentes ambientes da várzea do rio Ivinhema com o intuito de analisar a variação espacial e temporal da assembléia de invertebrados bentônicos, bem como sua relação com as variáveis físicas e químicas e o nível hidrométrico. Foram estudados quatro ambientes, o canal principal do rio, o canal Ipoitã, a lagoa Ventura (sem comunicação e a lagoa dos Patos (com comunicação. As coletas foram realizadas trimestralmente de fevereiro a novembro de 2002. O sistema rio Ivinhema foi caracterizado por um regime de potamofase bimodal com intensidades moderadas e grandes amplitudes, permanecendo em potamofase 184 dias em 2001 e 67 dias em 2002. Foram observadas as variações espacial e temporal, quanto às variáveis físicas e químicas, sumarizadas em uma PCA. Dos 37 táxons registrados, Nematoda, Corbiculidae, Oligochaeta, Acari, Ostracoda e Chironomidae foram os mais abundantes, sendo as larvas de Chironomidae o táxon predominante no canal Ipoitã e na lagoa Ventura. Entretanto, a análise da estrutura da assembléia (CA demonstrou que a assembléia bentônica do rio Ivinhema é dissimilar a das lagoas. A relação entre PCA e CA não foi significativa, indicando que no sistema Ivinhema há uma estrutura complexa e que a uniformidade espacial da densidade e temporal da assembléia bentônica deve-se à maior conectividade entre os ambientes.This study was developed in different environments of the Ivinhema river floodplain in order to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of benthic assemblages and their relationship with physical and chemical variables and water level. Samples were taken quarterly between February and November 2002 in four environments: Ivinhema main channel, Ipoitã channel, Patos lake (with direct connectivity and Ventura lake (without connectivity. The system was characterized by a bimodal potamophase cycle with moderate intensities and large amplitudes, remaining in potamophase for

Desempenho de híbridos de milho na Região Sudoeste do Paraná sob diferentes espaçamentos entre linhas Performance of corn hybrids at the Southwest of Paraná under different row spacing

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Alcir José Modolo

2010-09-01

Full Text Available A manipulação do arranjo de plantas de milho, através de alterações na densidade de plantas, de espaçamento entre linhas, de distribuição de plantas na linha e na variabilidade entre plantas, é uma das práticas de manejo mais importantes para maximizar a interceptação da radiação solar, otimizar o seu uso e potencializar o rendimento de grãos. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar os efeitos da combinação entre diferentes híbridos de milho e espaçamentos entre linhas no desenvolvimento da cultura em sistema de plantio direto na Região Sudoeste do Paraná. O experimento foi realizado na Área Experimental do Curso de Agronomia da UTFPR, no município de Pato Branco - Pr, com delineamento estatístico aleatorizado em blocos em esquema fatorial (3 x 3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação entre três híbridos (DKB 240, PIONEER 30R50 e SG 6010 e três espaçamentos entre linhas (0,45; 0,70 e 0,90 m. Após a semeadura, foram avaliados: a altura de plantas, o diâmetro do colmo, o rendimento de grãos e seus componentes. Os resultados mostraram que em nenhuma das avaliações houve interações entre híbridos e espaçamentos e que a redução no espaçamento entre linhas promoveu aumento no número de espigas por planta e o incremento na produtividade de grãos na cultura do milho.Corn plant arrangement is one of the most important management tool to improve solar radiation interception and it can be done through changes in plant density, row spacing, distribution of plants in the row and plant variability aiming to optimize its use and maximize the yield. Due to it, the objective of this work was to study the effects of different corn hybrids and row spacing over the corn development cultivated in a no-tillage system in the Southwest of Paraná. The experiment was carried out at the experimental area of the UTFPR Agronomy Course located in Pato Branco - Pr, following a complete

Supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton power conversion cycle for battery optimized reactor integral system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, T. W.; Kim, N. H.; Suh, K. Y.

2007-01-01

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO 2 ) promises a high power conversion efficiency of the recompression Brayton cycle due to its excellent compressibility reducing the compression work at the bottom of the cycle and to a higher density than helium or steam decreasing the component size. The SCO 2 Brayton cycle efficiency as high as 45% furnishes small sized nuclear reactors with economical benefits on the plant construction and maintenance. A 23 MWth lead-cooled Battery Optimized Reactor Integral System (BORIS) is being developed as an ultra-long-life, versatile-purpose, fast-spectrum reactor. BORIS is coupled to the SCO 2 Brayton cycle needing less room relative to the Rankine steam cycle because of its smaller components. The SCO 2 Brayton cycle of BORIS consists of a 16 MW turbine, a 32 MW high temperature recuperator, a 14 MW low temperature recuperator, an 11 MW precooler and 2 and 2.8 MW compressors. Entering six heat exchangers between primary and secondary system at 19.9 MPa and 663 K, the SCO 2 leaves the heat exchangers at 19.9 MPa and 823 K. The promising secondary system efficiency of 45% was calculated by a theoretical method in which the main parameters include pressure, temperature, heater power, the turbine's, recuperators' and compressors' efficiencies, and the flow split ratio of SCO 2 going out from the low temperature recuperator. Development of Modular Optimized Brayton Integral System (MOBIS) is being devised as the SCO 2 Brayton cycle energy conversion cycle for BORIS. MOBIS consists of Loop Operating Brayton Optimization Study (LOBOS) for experimental Brayton cycle loop and Gas Advanced Turbine Operation Study (GATOS) for the SCO 2 turbine. Liquid-metal Energy Exchanger Integral System (LEXIS) serves to couple BORIS and MOBIS. LEXIS comprises Physical Aspect Thermal Operation System (PATOS) for SCO 2 thermal hydraulic characteristics, Shell-and-tube Overall Layout Optimization Study (SOLOS) for shell-and-tube heat exchanger, Printed

Composição corporal e exigências de macrominerais para ganho de peso de caprinos em pastejo = Body composition and macroelements requirements for weight gain of ½ boer ½ mixed-breed kid goats on pasture

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Giovanna Henriques da Nóbrega

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a composição corporal e exigências nutricionais em macrominerais para ganho de peso de cabritos ½ Boer ½ SRD, na fase de crescimento, em pastejo na região semiárida. O experimento foi desenvolvido na fazenda ‘Nupeárido’, no município de Patos, Estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizados 24 cabritos com peso corporal médio inicial de 15 kg, em pastejo, distribuídos em quatro tratamentos com níveis crescentes de suplementação concentrada (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% do peso corporal. Os animais, mantidos em sistema de semiconfinamento, receberam suplementação alimentar,em baias individuais, ao serem recolhidos diariamente. Quando um dos animais de cada grupo atingia 30 kg de peso corporal, todos os demais animais do grupo eram abatidos após jejum de 16 h. A composição corporal estimada variou de 15,36 a 17,17 g de Ca; 8,16 a 8,24 g de P; 1,00 a 1,42 g de Na e foi de 1,23 g de K por kg de corpo vazio. As exigências líquidas em Ca, P e Na variam, respectivamente, de 13,96 a 15,61 mg, 6,55 a 6,62 mg e 1,16 a 1,65 mg, e é de 0,98 mg de K por g de ganho, para animais de 15 a 30 kg de peso corporal. An experiment was conducted to estimate the body composition and nutritional requirements of macrominerals for the weight gain of ½ Boer and ½ mixedbreed kid goats, in the phase of growth on pasture in the semi-arid region. The experiment was developed at ‘Nupeárido’ farm, in Patos, Paraíba State. Twenty-four kids were used, with average initial body weight of 15 kg, distributed into four treatments with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight. The animals, maintained under semi-confinement system, received feeding supplementation in individual stalls when they were gathered daily. When one of the animals of each group reached 30kg of body weight, all other animals in the group were slaughtered after a 16-hour fast. Bodycomposition varied from 15.36 to 17

Composição corporal e exigências de macrominerais para ganho de peso de caprinos em pastejo - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i1.4797 Body composition and macroelements requirements for weight gain of ½ boer ½ mixed-breed kid goats on pasture - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v31i1.4797

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Solange Absalão Azevedo

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a composição corporal e exigências nutricionais em macrominerais para ganho de peso de cabritos ½ Boer ½ SRD, na fase de crescimento, em pastejo na região semiárida. O experimento foi desenvolvido na fazenda ‘Nupeárido’, no município de Patos, Estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizados 24 cabritos com peso corporal médio inicial de 15 kg, em pastejo, distribuídos em quatro tratamentos com níveis crescentes de suplementação concentrada (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% do peso corporal. Os animais, mantidos em sistema de semiconfinamento, receberam suplementação alimentar, em baias individuais, ao serem recolhidos diariamente. Quando um dos animais de cada grupo atingia 30 kg de peso corporal, todos os demais animais do grupo eram abatidos após jejum de 16 h. A composição corporal estimada variou de 15,36 a 17,17 g de Ca; 8,16 a 8,24 g de P; 1,00 a 1,42 g de Na e foi de 1,23 g de K por kg de corpo vazio. As exigências líquidas em Ca, P e Na variam, respectivamente, de 13,96 a 15,61 mg, 6,55 a 6,62 mg e 1,16 a 1,65 mg, e é de 0,98 mg de K por g de ganho, para animais de 15 a 30 kg de peso corporal.An experiment was conducted to estimate the body composition and nutritional requirements of macrominerals for the weight gain of ½ Boer and ½ mixedbreed kid goats, in the phase of growth on pasture in the semi-arid region. The experiment was developed at ‘Nupeárido’ farm, in Patos, Paraíba State. Twenty-four kids were used, with average initial body weight of 15 kg, distributed into four treatments with increasing levels of concentrate supplementation (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of body weight. The animals, maintained under semi-confinement system, received feeding supplementation in individual stalls when they were gathered daily. When one of the animals of each group reached 30kg of body weight, all other animals in the group were slaughtered after a 16-hour fast. Body composition varied from 15.36 to

Correlations between heterozygosity and measures of genetic similarity: implications for understanding mate choice.

Science.gov (United States)

Roberts, S C; Hale, M L; Petrie, M

2006-03-01

There is currently considerable interest in testing the effects of genetic compatibility and heterozygosity on animal mate preferences. Evidence for either effect is rapidly accumulating, although results are not always clear-cut. However, correlations between mating preferences and either genetic similarity or heterozygosity are usually tested independently, and the possibility that similarity and heterozygosity may be confounded has rarely been taken into account. Here we show that measures of genetic similarity (allele sharing, relatedness) may be correlated with heterozygosity, using data from 441 human individuals genotyped at major loci in the major histocompatibility complex, and 281 peafowl (Pavo cristatus) individuals genotyped at 13 microsatellite loci. We show that average levels of allele sharing and relatedness are each significantly associated with heterozygosity in both humans and peafowl, that these relationships are influenced by the level of polymorphism, and that these similarity measures may correlate with heterozygosity in qualitatively different ways. We discuss the implications of these inter-relationships for interpretation of mate choice studies. It has recently become apparent that mating preferences for 'good genes' and 'compatible genes' may introduce discordant choice amongst individuals, since the optimal mate for one trait may not be optimal for the other, and our results are consistent with this idea. The inter-relationship between these measures of genetic quality also carries implications for the way in which mate choice studies are designed and interpreted, and generates predictions that can be tested in future research.

Movimientos peculiares de galaxias en el Universo cercano

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso, M. V.

Se presenta un resumen de los resultados más importantes obtenidos en los últimos años sobre movimientos peculiares en el Universo Cercano. En el escenario de inestabilidad gravitacional, el campo de velocidades peculiares es una herramienta muy útil para estimar las fluctuaciones en la distribución de masa que generan los movimientos observados. Esta aproximación puede, además, ser utilizada para poner restricciones al espectro de potencia de la masa, a la relación entre las distribuciones de galaxias y de materia y al valor del parámetro de densidad cosmológico, Ω, a grandes escalas. Son además presentados una reconstrucción preliminar de los campos de densidad de masa y velocidades peculiares en el universo cercano usando nuevas medidas de distancias obtenidas con la relación Dn - σ, para una muestra de galaxias elípticas y lenticulares. Dos subestructuras prominentes son encontradas en la región del Gran Atractor, que corresponden a los complejos de Centaurus y Pavo--Indus. Estos últimos, junto a los complejos de Perseus--Piscis y Cetus parecen ser importantes estructuras que determinan el flujo global. El patrón obtenido a través de una muestra de galaxias elípticas muestra variaciones con respecto al obtenido por galaxias espirales. Estos nuevos resultados muestran una coherencia menor en el flujo global, cuando son comparados con resultados obtenidos anteriormente.

FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF STARS USING ASTEROSEISMOLOGY FROM KEPLER AND CoRoT AND INTERFEROMETRY FROM THE CHARA ARRAY

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huber, D.; Ireland, M. J.; Bedding, T. R.; Maestro, V.; White, T. R. [Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), School of Physics, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 (Australia); Brandao, I. M.; Sousa, S. G.; Cunha, M. S. [Centro de Astrofo Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I sica and Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, P-4150-762 Porto (Portugal); Piau, L. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823-2320 (United States); Bruntt, H.; Aguirre, V. Silva; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. [Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C (Denmark); Casagrande, L. [Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mount Stromlo Observatory, The Australian National University, ACT 2611 (Australia); Molenda-Zakowicz, J. [Astronomical Institute of the University of Wroclaw, ul. Kopernika 11, 51-622 Wroclaw (Poland); Barclay, T. [Bay Area Environmental Research Institute/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035 (United States); Burke, C. J. [SETI Institute/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035 (United States); Chaplin, W. J. [School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT (United Kingdom); De Ridder, J. [Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, K. U. Leuven, B-3001 Leuven (Belgium); Farrington, C. D. [Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 3969, Atlanta, GA 30302 (United States); Frasca, A., E-mail: daniel.huber@nasa.gov [INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, I-95123 Catania (Italy); and others

2012-11-20

We present results of a long-baseline interferometry campaign using the PAVO beam combiner at the CHARA Array to measure the angular sizes of five main-sequence stars, one subgiant and four red giant stars for which solar-like oscillations have been detected by either Kepler or CoRoT. By combining interferometric angular diameters, Hipparcos parallaxes, asteroseismic densities, bolometric fluxes, and high-resolution spectroscopy, we derive a full set of near-model-independent fundamental properties for the sample. We first use these properties to test asteroseismic scaling relations for the frequency of maximum power ({nu}{sub max}) and the large frequency separation ({Delta}{nu}). We find excellent agreement within the observational uncertainties, and empirically show that simple estimates of asteroseismic radii for main-sequence stars are accurate to {approx}< 4%. We furthermore find good agreement of our measured effective temperatures with spectroscopic and photometric estimates with mean deviations for stars between T {sub eff} = 4600-6200 K of -22 {+-} 32 K (with a scatter of 97 K) and -58 {+-} 31 K (with a scatter of 93 K), respectively. Finally, we present a first comparison with evolutionary models, and find differences between observed and theoretical properties for the metal-rich main-sequence star HD 173701. We conclude that the constraints presented in this study will have strong potential for testing stellar model physics, in particular when combined with detailed modeling of individual oscillation frequencies.

Características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo do portuguęs brasileiro : dados de informantes de Pato Branco (PR) /

OpenAIRE

Ferraz, Irineu da Silva

2005-01-01

Orientadora: Adelaide H.P. Silva Dissertaçăo (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Cięncias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pós-Graduaçăo em Letras. Defesa: Curitiba, 2005 Inclui bibliografia e anexos Resumo: Esta dissertaçăo trata das características fonético-acústicas do /r/ retroflexo,uma das variantes dos sons de /r/ do portuguęs brasileiro (PB).A partir de dados variacionistas, procuramos mostrar que essa variante éencontrada nas mais diversas regiőes do paí...

Diagnosis of pathologies in bridges of the road system in Brazil

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Cleovir José MILANI

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Infrastructure is an indispensable and decisive requirement for the economic development of a country; it is directly linked to the set of structural economic activities and serves as the foundation for the development of other activities. In this context, the bridges have fundamental importance to the social and economical development of the cities, because the roads are to ensure the entry of inputs on farms, as well as the disposal of products and free movement of populations. The aim of this study is to present a survey of the existing bridges in the south region of Brazil, more specifically in the city of Pato Branco, identifying the most recurrent damages, in order to provide bases to administrators, with the intention of ensuring the correct functioning of the transport infrastructure and in the preservation of public property and security for the users. Data collection was conducted through visits, using the method of visual and photographic records. After the analysis was done, we identified several pathological manifestations, both in concrete and wood bridges, such as moisture stains, cracks, corrosion, erosion, clogging of drains; wood decay, lack of verticality of the pillars and foundation repression, among others. Moreover, there was little or no maintenance on the existing bridges. Similar conditions can be observed in most cities in the south region of the country.

Natural selection and family X location interaction in the common (dry bean plant

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Luís Henrique Pirola

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Natural selection takes place while advancing generations of segregant populations of self pollinating species by the population (bulk method. There is evidence that it maintains the individuals with greater grain yield. The question arises whether natural selection preserves the individuals which are more adapted only to the environment where the generation advance occurred, that is, if it contributes to increasing the genotype x environment interaction in the family assessment. This study was carried out to check this hypothesis in the common bean plant using families derived from a segregating population from a cross between the Carioca MG x ESAL 686 cultivars. The segregating populations increase in homozygosity was obtained by the population (bulk method until the F14 generation, in three distinct locations in Minas Gerais state: Lavras, Lambari and Patos de Minas. Forty-seven F14:15 families were randomly taken from the population in each location and later multiplied to obtain F14:16 families. These families were jointly assessed with three controls using a triple 12 x 12 lattice design in the three locations of generation advance in the wet season of 1998/1999. All the estimated parameters showed that while advancing segregant populations by the population (bulk method, natural selection acted to preserve the individuals which are more adapted to the environment in which they were advanced.

Contribution for geochronological evolution study of the Pianco-Alto Brigida fold belt system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brito Neves, B.B. de; Basei, M.A.S.; Van Schmus, W.R.

1990-01-01

The Proterozoic Painco-Alto Fold Belt is situated in the central portion of the Borborema Province and it probably is just a segment of a longer structural development encompassed between the Patos (N) and Pernambuco (S) lineaments. The geochronological study was carried out along a cross section in the central part of the belt (Paraiba State) where biotite-muscovite quartz schists are the predominating rock types, including intercalations of bi-modal volcanics, marbles and quartzites. These rocks were metamorphosed in the amphibolite facies, and they display a complex history of folding. Zircons of the acid volcanics (meta-rhyolytes where analysed through U/Pb method and they plot in a discordia diagram with superior intercept indicating ages around 1100 Ma. Whole rocks Rb/Sr analyses on the same meta-volcanics are indicating isochrons of 950Ma. These data are being respectively interpreted as ages of sedimentation (and volcanism) and regional metamorphism associated to the main (D sub(2)) phase of folding. One of the main purpose of this paper is to stress the importance of the ages around 950Ma, in the central domain of the Borborema Province, as result of regional folding and metamorphism. Some other occurence of ages in the 1000-900Ma range will be discussed as support for this interpretation from now on adopted. (author)

Use of radioactive 32P technique to study phosphate rock dissolution in acid soils

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahisarakul, J.; Mullins, G.L.; Chien, S.H.

2002-01-01

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the dissolution of six sources of phosphate rock in two acid soils (Ultisols): a sandy soil and a red clay soil. Labile P was determined using the radioactive 32 P technique for Pi extractable P and resin extractable P. Incubations were conducted for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks for 32 P exchangeable technique, 0 and 5 weeks for Pi technique and 5 weeks for resin technique. Rates of PR were 0 and 400 mgP/ha. The results showed that labile P in the sandy soil decreased from 0-1 weeks for all the PRs except Hahotoe PR and Hazara PR's. Between 1 and 5 weeks labile P remained relatively constant. The ranking of labile P from PRs was: North Carolina = Kouribga > Matam > Hahotoe = Hazara> Patos de Minas. In the red soil, labile P from all PRs appeared to be relatively unchanged during the 0-5 week incubation. Pi extractable P in sandy soil showed no significant differences due to incubation time. In the red clay soil, there was a significant decrease in Pi-P extracted from soil mixtures with PRs after 5 weeks as compared to 0 weeks. Results of the Resin-extractable P in both sandy and red soils were in agreement with labile P as measured by 32 P exchange technique. (author)

Entre dos exilios: Cesare Civita, un editor italiano en Buenos Aires, desde la guerra mundial hasta la dictadura militar (1941- 1976

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Scarzanella, Eugenia

2009-04-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the history of an Argentinian publishing house called Editorial Abril, which was founded in 1941 by Cesare Civita, a Jewish immigrant who left Italy after the «race laws» approval. Abril published cartoons (Donald Duck, photo novels (Idilio, women’s magazines (Claudia and news magazines (Panorama. Abril was a family business which knew how to use a wide relation network in Argentina, Italy and the United States. The history of this publishing house ends with Cesare Civita’s new exile in 1976. The material used includes file sources, testimonies, journals and books.

El artículo trata de la historia de una editorial argentina, la Editorial Abril creada en 1941 por Cesare Civita, un inmigrante judío que abandonó Italia después de la aprobación de las «leyes raciales». Abril publicaba historietas (El Pato Donald, fotonovelas (Idilio, revistas Femeninas (Claudia y de actualidad (Panorama. Abril era una empresa familiar que supo utilizar una vasta red de relaciones en la Argentina, Italia y los Estados Unidos. La historia de la Editorial termina con un nuevo exilio de Cesare Civita en 1976. Se utilizan: fuentes de archivo, testimonios, revistas y libros.

The influence of the remedy with diesel oil in impacted environment; A influencia da remediacao em ambiente impactado com oleo diesel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bento, Douglas M.; Baisch, Paulo; Machado, Maria I.; Costa, Jorge A.V.; Martins, Vilasia [Fundacao Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), RS (Brazil)

2004-07-01

The conventional techniques of cleaning can be complemented with the remediation, for the use of chemical surfactant or of bio surfactant. The bioremediation minimizes the impact of recalcitrant substances in the atmosphere. The chemical surfactant can promote the fastest biodegradation of the oil, but its application should always be evaluated by professionals specialized in environment, since she can be seen as a deliberated introduction of a pollutant. The present work evaluated the influence of the use of a chemical surfactant and of a of bio surfactant (produced by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus), in controlled spill of oil diesel, happened in at spring/2003 in the Island of the Horses located in the estuary of the Patos Lagoon. The atmosphere was monitored for 6 months, being selected a place with oil diesel, another with oil diesel and chemical surfactant and another with oil diesel and of bio surfactant. The following chemical parameters were analyzed: organic carbon, nitrogen and total match of the sediment. The statistical treatment consisted of the variance analysis (ANOVA) and in the test of Tukey (p <0,01), for the analyzed nutrients. The coming hydrocarbons of the degradation of the oil diesel will be later on certain for GC-MS. The results showed that the best environmental conditions were verified where the remediation was used. (author)

Temporal variability (1997-2015) of trophic fish guilds and its relationships with El Niño events in a subtropical estuary

Science.gov (United States)

Possamai, Bianca; Vieira, João P.; Grimm, Alice M.; Garcia, Alexandre M.

2018-03-01

Global climatic phenomena like El Niño events are known to alter hydrological cycles and local abiotic conditions leading to changes in structure and dynamics of terrestrial and aquatic biological communities worldwide. Based on a long-term (19 years) standardized sampling of shallow water estuarine fishes, this study investigated the temporal variability in composition and dominance patterns of trophic guilds in a subtropical estuary (Patos Lagoon estuary, Southern Brazil) and their relationship with local and regional driving forces associated with moderate (2002-2003 and 2009-2010) and very strong (1997-1998 and 2015-2016) El Niño events. Fish species were classified into eight trophic guilds (DTV detritivore, HVP herbivore-phytoplankton, HVM macroalgae herbivore, ISV insectivore, OMN omnivore, PSV piscivore, ZBV zoobenthivore and ZPL zooplanktivore) and their abundances were correlated with environmental factors. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that less dominant (those comprising water transparency occurring mostly during non-El Niño conditions. In contrast, ZBV's abundance was not correlated with contrasting environmental conditions, but rather, had higher association with samples characterized by intermediate environmental values. Overall, these findings show that moderate and very strong El Niño events did not substantially disrupt the dominance patterns among trophic fish guilds in the estuary. Rather, they increased trophic estuarine diversity by flushing freshwater fishes with distinct feeding habits into the estuary.

Susceptibility of Arcobacter butzleri to heavy metals Sensibilidade de Arcobacter butzleri a metais pesados

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Laura Otth

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The susceptibility of 50 strains of Arcobacter butzleri isolated from chicken liver [12], mussels [18], river water [6] and bovine [5], duck [2] and pelicans [7] feces to mercury (Hg, chromium (Cr, silver (Ag, nickel (Ni, cobalt (Co, iron (Fe, manganese (Mn, molybdenum (Mo and lead (Pb was determined.All the strains were resistant to Mo, Mn, Ni, Co, Pb and Fe and susceptible to Hg, Ag and Cr. MIC values showed high variability, indicating a non homogeneous behavior among the strains.Arcobacter butzleri é um bacilo Gram negativo de caráter zoonótico, pertencente à Família Campylobacteraceae, que tem sido associado a diarréia e septicemia no ser humano. A susceptibilidade de 50 amostras de A. butzleri isoladas de fígados de frango [12], mariscos [18], água de rio [6] e fezes de bovinos [5], patos [2] e pelicanos [7] aos metais pesados mercúrio (Hg, cromo (Cr, prata (Ag, níquel (Ni, cobalto Co, ferro (Fe, manganês (Mn, molibdênio (Mo e chumbo (Pb foi determinada.Todas as amostras foram resistentes a Mo, Mn, Ni, Co, Pb e Fe, sendo susceptíveis a Hg, Ag e Cr. Os valores das CIM apresentaram alta variabilidade indicando um comportamento não homogêneo entre as amostras.

Diversity of

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Mohamed M. Abou Zaid

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Seasonal abundance, biomass, and taxonomic composition of copepods in El-Mex Bay (Southeastern Mediterranean region were studied from autumn 2011 to 2012. Most species within the copepod communities displayed a clear pattern of succession throughout the investigation period. Generally copepods were the predominant group. They contributed numerically 57% of the total zooplankton counts with an average of 5083 organisms/m3 and a total number of 203,333 individuals. The bay harbored 50 species belonging to 28 genera within 19 families and 4 orders under one class. Calanoids were represented by 24 species which formed 31.6% of total copepods predominantly Acartia clausi, Calocalanus pavo, Clausocalanus furcatus, Eucalanus crassus, Nannocalanus minor, Paracalanus parvus, Eucalanus subcrassus, and Temora longicornis. Cyclopoids comprised 13 species of which Acanthocyclops americanus, Halicyclops magniceps, Oithona attenuata, and Oithona nana were the most abundant adult copepods. Eleven Harpacticoid species were also recorded with Euterpina acutifrons, Microsetella norvegica, Onychocamptus mohammed being the most prevalent. It was found however, that two Poecilostomatoida species were rarely encountered in the plankton Oncaea minuta and Corycaeus typicus. Copepod larvae and copepodite stages formed the main bulk of copepod Fauna as noticed in the El-Mex Bay during the investigation period. Their percentage was 36.7% of the total count and their total numbers were 74,629 individuals with an average of 1866 organisms/m3. The persistent relationships between total copepod counts, copepod orders, and physico-chemical variables suggested that physical factors operate on the copepod communities, either directly to limit maximum distribution along the bay, or indirectly on abundance.

Implications of the use of experimental activities in biology education in public schools

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Vânia Cardoso da Silva Morais

2016-04-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to verify the influence of a didactic sequence with experimental activities on student motivation in relation to the subject matter Biology and check the possibility of applying such a result having as input the cultural-historical perspective and the dynamic of the three pedagogical moments. The work is part of a Master Degree research developed with 70 students from a high school in Patos de Minas city. The analysis of the data collected through observation, questionnaires, reports, testimonies of students, filming and photography of biology classes, points out that the use of experimental activities in Biology classes contributed to the increase of student motivation relating to Biology classes favoring the teaching-learning process and also to promote a converge between the scientific knowledge and reality of the students besides encourage their self-esteem and investigative sense. The results also indicate that it is possible to develop at school a didactic sequence based on the complementarity of two different theoretical lines like the dynamics of the three moments and in the historical and cultural perspective. Based on above considerations, we believe that the use of experimental activities following didactics positively influences student motivation in relation to Biology, favoring the teaching and learning of Biology. However, it is the whole of this, as the theory and the posture of motivating teachers, allowed approximation between scientific knowledge and reality of the students, enabling greater learning of biological concepts.

HERB RECOVERY IN DEGRADED CAATINGA SITES ENRICHED WITH NATIVE TREES

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Juliana Matos Figueiredo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Herb recovery was evaluated in degraded Caatinga sites protected from grazing and enriched with native trees, in Patos-PB state, Brazil . Treatments were randomized according to a block design with five treatments (no tree planting –T 0 – or tree planting of three tree species in pure –T 1 = Poincianella pyramidalis , T 2 = Mimosa tenuiflora and T 3 = Cnidoscolus quercifolius – or mixed balanced stands –T 4 and five replications of squared-144-m 2 plots with 36 seedlings developing in planting holes enriched with manure and chemical fertilizers, arranged in a 2 m x 2 m grid. Data were collected from September 2008 to October 2009. After this period, natural tree regeneration was still not observed, and tree canopy covered 15 to 49% of the soil and did not affect herb growth and species composition. Initial and final herb cover were 16% and 100%, respectively. The number of dicot herbs increased from five, mainly two Sida species, to 13 species, monocots were represented by one species only (Aristida sp ., and quantity of herb forage reached 3 ton/ha (2:1, dicot:monocot. Adjacent overgrazed plots kept the initial low level of herb cover and species composition. Animal deferment during one year allowed the increase in soil cover and plant diversity in degraded Caatinga sites into which planted tree seedlings established successfully. This management practice could be implemented to avoid further environmental degradation and recover degraded areas.

Editorial

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Roberto Lira Olmo

2006-11-01

Full Text Available Estuve en Bilbao hace poco. Impresiona la calidad de la arquitectura, pero especialmente el orden de la ciudad. Tuvo ella fama de ser industrial y sucia pero hoy constituye uno de los polos de mayor crecimiento del turismo de España. Ello porque se han propuesto una imagen de ciudad a la que quieren llegar de la que, por ejemplo, el museo Guggenheim es un resultado y no la causa, puesto que éste es una entre muchas acciones que han planeado para hacer de ella una ciudad acogedora, bonita, amable y con facilidad de uso. Tiene calles con muy buena y bien diseñada señalización y mobiliario urbano, nuevos paseos peatonales y parques a lo largo del río Nervión -que es como la espina dorsal de la ciudad y por el que se ven nadar peces y patos-, un cuidadoso respeto por los edificios patrimoniales que conviven armónicamente con intervenciones muy modernas de los mejores arquitectos y un sistema de transporte ordenado e informado. Vale la pena destacar que en las tardes se ve muchísima gente en las calles, corriendo, paseando bajo las abundantes arboledas y, sobre todo, conversando afuera de los muchos restoranes mientras degustan unos sabrosos pintxos y un Txacolí, el vino blanco ligero con que se acompañan.

Decreasing flood risk perception in Porto Alegre - Brazil and its influence on water resource management decisions

Science.gov (United States)

Allasia, D. G.; Tassi, R.; Bemfica, D.; Goldenfum, J. A.

2015-06-01

Porto Alegre is the capital and largest city in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil with approximately 1.5 million inhabitants. The city lies on the eastern bank of the Guaiba Lake, formed by the convergence of five rivers and leading to the Lagoa dos Patos, a giant freshwater lagoon navigable by even the largest of ships. This river junction has become an important alluvial port as well as a chief industrial and commercial centre. However, this strategic location resulted in severe damage because of its exposure to flooding from the river system, affecting the city in the years 1873, 1928, 1936, 1941 and 1967. In order to reduce flood risk, a complex system of levees and pump stations was implemented during 1960s and 1970s. Since its construction, not a single large flood event occurred. However, in recent years, the levees in the downtown region of Porto Alegre were severally criticized by city planners and population. Several projects have been proposed to demolish the Mauá Wall due to the false perception of lack of flood risk. Similar opinions and reactions against flood infrastructure have been observed in other cities in Brazil, such as Itajaí and Blumenau, with disastrous consequences. This paper illustrates how the perception of flood risk in Porto Alegre has changed over recent years as a result of flood infrastructure, and how such changes in perceptions can influence water management decisions.

Disponibilidade biológica do fósforo de diferentes fontes para eqüinos em crescimento

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FURTADO CARLOS EDUARDO

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se neste estudo, determinar a disponibilidade biológica do P de diferentes fontes, para eqüinos em fase de crescimento. Utilizaram-se dezesseis eqüinos machos em fase de crescimento, submetidos à aplicação de quatro fontes fosfatadas -- fosfato de rocha de Tapira (TAP, fosfato de rocha de Patos de Minas (PAT, fosfato bicálcico (BIC e farinha de osso (FOS --, adicionadas à dieta basal em quantidades suficientes para fornecer 22 g de P/animal/dia. No 16º dia, foram-lhes injetados 30 MBq de 32P/animal, e coletaram-se amostras de sangue, fezes e urina, durante sete dias. Foram determinadas as atividades específicas no plasma, fezes e urina e calculou-se a perda endógena fecal e a absorção real de P. Os valores obtidos quanto ao P consumido, P excretado, P no plasma e P retido não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas (P>0,05. Os valores de absorção real do P do TAP, PAT, BIC e da FOS foram, respectivamente, 25,23%, 33,97%, 31,71% e 29,36%. Não houve diferenças estatísticas (P>0,05 entre as fontes estudadas. Em relação ao BIC, as rochas fosfáticas apresentaram altos valores de disponibilidade biológica.

Application limestone forms and doses for alfalfa in no-tillage system

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Letícia Cristina Bertusso Toffolli

Full Text Available Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. requires good soil fertility. Brazil is characterized by acidic soils which reduce the potential of the crop. Generally, liming is incorporated into the soil, but in tillage systems it is inadvisable. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the lime application method and dose on pH, Al+3, V % and Ca+Mg in the soil and on dry matter yield of alfalfa cultivated under a consolidated no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of Paraná Agronomic Institute, located in Pato Branco city, in Paraná state. The plots consisted of the types of lime application (plowing+harrowing, subsoil and surface, the sub-plots was the lime dose (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Mg ha-1 and the sub-sub-plots were the sampled soil depth (0-5; 5-10; 10-20 and 20-30 cm. The results show the application of lime, even superficially, caused increases in pH, concentration of Ca and Mg and base saturation of the soil, while also reducing the concentration of Al, especially in the surface layers of the soil. The practice of plowing and harrowing or of subsoiling, with the aim of lime incorporation in a consolidated no-tillage system is unnecessary. If it is required, the application of lime to the soil should be done superficially for alfalfa cultivated in this system.

Decreasing flood risk perception in Porto Alegre – Brazil and its influence on water resource management decisions

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D. G. Allasia

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Porto Alegre is the capital and largest city in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul in Southern Brazil with approximately 1.5 million inhabitants. The city lies on the eastern bank of the Guaiba Lake, formed by the convergence of five rivers and leading to the Lagoa dos Patos, a giant freshwater lagoon navigable by even the largest of ships. This river junction has become an important alluvial port as well as a chief industrial and commercial centre. However, this strategic location resulted in severe damage because of its exposure to flooding from the river system, affecting the city in the years 1873, 1928, 1936, 1941 and 1967. In order to reduce flood risk, a complex system of levees and pump stations was implemented during 1960s and 1970s. Since its construction, not a single large flood event occurred. However, in recent years, the levees in the downtown region of Porto Alegre were severally criticized by city planners and population. Several projects have been proposed to demolish the Mauá Wall due to the false perception of lack of flood risk. Similar opinions and reactions against flood infrastructure have been observed in other cities in Brazil, such as Itajaí and Blumenau, with disastrous consequences. This paper illustrates how the perception of flood risk in Porto Alegre has changed over recent years as a result of flood infrastructure, and how such changes in perceptions can influence water management decisions.

Estimates of genetics and phenotypics parameters for the yield and quality of soybean seeds.

Science.gov (United States)

Zambiazzi, E V; Bruzi, A T; Guilherme, S R; Pereira, D R; Lima, J G; Zuffo, A M; Ribeiro, F O; Mendes, A E S; Godinho, S H M; Carvalho, M L M

2017-09-27

Estimating genotype x environment (GxE) parameters for quality and yield in soybean seed grown in different environments in Minas Gerais State was the goal of this study, as well as to evaluate interaction effects of GxE for soybean seeds yield and quality. Seeds were produced in three locations in Minas Gerais State (Lavras, Inconfidentes, and Patos de Minas) in 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons. Field experiments were conducted in randomized blocks in a factorial 17 x 6 (GxE), and three replications. Seed yield and quality were evaluated for germination in substrates paper and sand, seedling emergence, speed emergency index, mechanical damage by sodium hypochlorite, electrical conductivity, speed aging, vigor and viability of seeds by tetrazolium test in laboratory using completely randomized design. Quadratic component genotypic, GXE variance component, genotype determination coefficient, genetic variation coefficient and environmental variation coefficient were estimated using the Genes software. Percentage analysis of genotypes contribution, environments and genotype x environment interaction were conducted by sites combination two by two and three sites combination, using the R software. Considering genotypes selection of broad adaptation, TMG 1179 RR, CD 2737 RR, and CD 237 RR associated better yield performance at high physical and physiological potential of seed. Environmental effect was more expressive for most of the characters related to soybean seed quality. GxE interaction effects were expressive though genotypes did not present coincidental behavior in different environments.

The Irritating Effects Of Exposure To Formaldehyde In User Students Of The Human Anatomy Laboratory

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Jalles Dantas de Lucena

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Formaldehyde (FA is commonly used in cadaver fixation for years. FA vapors are released during the dissection process and macroscopic study of preserved anatomical pieces, raising their concentration in the Anatomy laboratory, causing greater exposure for students and teachers. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate toxic reactions in 37 students, through a questionnaire, produced by exposure to FA used for preservation of cadaveric material used in Anatomy, Morphofunctional Department, Faculdades Integradas de Patos (FIP, Brazil. Of the 37 interviewees, 26 (70.3% were affected by the unpleasant and irritating smell of FA, 10 (27% had no problems, and 1 (2.7% did not tolerate an irritation produced by FA, ​​not participating in the laboratory practical classes. Exposure to FA was followed by several symptoms: excessive lacrimation (54%, itchy eyes (48.5%, redness of the eyes (40.6%, coryza or congested nose (35.2% and respiratory distress (29.7%, with persistent symptoms during the permanence in the laboratory for 32.5% of the students. All students wear a lab coat for individual protection. However, only 8% used mascara and did not wear glasses, increasing the risk of contamination. Medical schools should encourage the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE for the manipulation of FA, ensuring the protection of students and teachers in the Anatomy laboratory. Besides finding alternatives for the replacement of FA in the conservation of corpses.

The salinity signature of the cross-shelf exchanges in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Numerical simulations.

Science.gov (United States)

Matano, Ricardo P; Combes, Vincent; Piola, Alberto R; Guerrero, Raul; Palma, Elbio D; Ted Strub, P; James, Corinne; Fenco, Harold; Chao, Yi; Saraceno, Martin

2014-11-01

A high-resolution model is used to characterize the dominant patterns of sea surface salinity (SSS) variability generated by the freshwater discharges of the Rio de la Plata (RdlP) and the Patos/Mirim Lagoon in the southwestern Atlantic region. We identify three dominant modes of SSS variability. The first two, which have been discussed in previous studies, represent the seasonal and the interannual variations of the freshwater plumes over the continental shelf. The third mode of SSS variability, which has not been discussed hitherto, represents the salinity exchanges between the shelf and the deep ocean. A diagnostic study using floats and passive tracers identifies the pathways taken by the freshwater plumes. During the austral winter (JJA) , the plumes leave the shelf region north of the BMC. During the austral summer (DJF), the plumes are entrained more directly into the BMC. A sensitivity study indicates that the high - frequency component of the wind stress forcing controls the vertical structure of the plumes while the low-frequency component of the wind stress forcing and the interannual variations of the RdlP discharge controls the horizontal structure of the plumes. Dynamical analysis reveals that the cross-shelf flow has a dominant barotropic structure and, therefore, the SSS anomalies detected by Aquarius represent net mass exchanges between the shelf and the deep ocean. The net cross-shelf volume flux is 1.21 Sv. This outflow is largely compensated by an inflow from the Patagonian shelf.

Growth Characteristics of an Estuarine Heterocystous Cyanobacterium

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Pablo Guimarães

2017-06-01

Full Text Available A new estuarine filamentous heterocystous cyanobacterium was isolated from intertidal sediment of the Lagoa dos Patos estuary (Brazil. The isolate may represent a new genus related to Cylindrospermopsis. While the latter is planktonic, contains gas vesicles, and is toxic, the newly isolated strain is benthic and does not contain gas vesicles. It is not known whether the new strain is toxic. It grows equally well in freshwater, brackish and full salinity growth media, in the absence of inorganic or organic combined nitrogen, with a growth rate 0.6 d-1. Nitrogenase, the enzyme complex responsible for fixing dinitrogen, was most active during the initial growth phase and its activity was not different between the different salinities tested (freshwater, brackish, and full salinity seawater. Salinity shock also did not affect nitrogenase activity. The frequency of heterocysts was high, coinciding with high nitrogenase activity during the initial growth phase, but decreased subsequently. However, the frequency of heterocysts decreased considerably more at higher salinity, while no change in nitrogenase activity occurred, indicating a higher efficiency of dinitrogen fixation. Akinete frequency was low in the initial growth phase and higher in the late growth phase. Akinete frequency was much lower at high salinity, which might indicate better growth conditions or that akinete differentiation was under the same control as heterocyst differentiation. These trends have hitherto not been reported for heterocystous cyanobacteria but they seem to be well fitted for an estuarine life style.

Review on methods of golden mussel control in pires

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Edemir Luiz Kowalski

2008-07-01

Full Text Available At the beginning of the 90’s, they were detected in Rio da Prata in Argentina the first samples of the exotic specie named limnoperna fortunei, from Asia, maybe introduced through ballast water of ships came from Asia. In Brazil the first samples were detected in Lagoa dos Patos in Rio Grande do Sul in the 90’s, possibly by the same reason. A second axis was verified in Campo Grande in Mato Grosso do Sul derived probably from Argentina because of the navigation through the Paraguay river going down to Lagoa de Itaipú causing its contamination. The invader specie has the capacity of fouling pipings where the contaminated water circulates, causing considerable financial damage to the infected industries. In Brazil the indrustries located in Rio Grande do Sul as well as hydroelectric plants as Itaipu, they manage these problems stopping the equipments for their maintenance and cleaning more times than the habitual. The United States of America and Canada already have the same kind of problem with the similar specie found here in Brazil. The target of this work is to introduce a review about the main methods to control the golden mussel mollusk without using any kind of chemical products, based on The USA and Canada’s experiences, where there are similar problems but with the specie zebra mussel. Key-words: Non Chemicals Methods, Golden Mussel, Zebra Mussel

Temporal variation in brain transcriptome is associated with the expression of female mimicry as a sequential male alternative reproductive tactic in fish.

Science.gov (United States)

Cardoso, Sara D; Gonçalves, David; Goesmann, Alexander; Canário, Adelino V M; Oliveira, Rui F

2018-02-01

Distinct patterns of gene expression often underlie intra- and intersexual differences, and the study of this set of coregulated genes is essential to understand the emergence of complex behavioural phenotypes. Here, we describe the development of a de novo transcriptome and brain gene expression profiles of wild-caught peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, an intertidal fish with sex-role reversal in courtship behaviour (i.e., females are the courting sex) and sequential alternative reproductive tactics in males (i.e., larger and older nest-holder males and smaller and younger sneaker males occur). Sneakers mimic both female's courtship behaviour and nuptial coloration to get access to nests and sneak fertilizations, and later in life transition into nest-holder males. Thus, this species offers the unique opportunity to study how the regulation of gene expression can contribute to intersex phenotypes and to the sequential expression of male and female behavioural phenotypes by the same individual. We found that at the whole brain level, expression of the sneaker tactic was paralleled by broader and divergent gene expression when compared to either females or nest-holder males, which were more similar between themselves. When looking at sex-biased transcripts, sneaker males are intersex rather than being either nest-holder or female-like, and their transcriptome is simultaneously demasculinized for nest-holder-biased transcripts and feminized for female-biased transcripts. These results indicate that evolutionary changes in reproductive plasticity can be achieved through regulation of gene expression, and in particular by varying the magnitude of expression of sex-biased genes, throughout the lifetime of the same individual. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Biomechanics of the Peacock's Display: How Feather Structure and Resonance Influence Multimodal Signaling.

Science.gov (United States)

Dakin, Roslyn; McCrossan, Owen; Hare, James F; Montgomerie, Robert; Amador Kane, Suzanne

2016-01-01

Courtship displays may serve as signals of the quality of motor performance, but little is known about the underlying biomechanics that determines both their signal content and costs. Peacocks (Pavo cristatus) perform a complex, multimodal "train-rattling" display in which they court females by vibrating the iridescent feathers in their elaborate train ornament. Here we study how feather biomechanics influences the performance of this display using a combination of field recordings and laboratory experiments. Using high-speed video, we find that train-rattling peacocks stridulate their tail feathers against the train at 25.6 Hz, on average, generating a broadband, pulsating mechanical sound at that frequency. Laboratory measurements demonstrate that arrays of peacock tail and train feathers have a broad resonant peak in their vibrational spectra at the range of frequencies used for train-rattling during the display, and the motion of feathers is just as expected for feathers shaking near resonance. This indicates that peacocks are able to drive feather vibrations energetically efficiently over a relatively broad range of frequencies, enabling them to modulate the feather vibration frequency of their displays. Using our field data, we show that peacocks with longer trains use slightly higher vibration frequencies on average, even though longer train feathers are heavier and have lower resonant frequencies. Based on these results, we propose hypotheses for future studies of the function and energetics of this display that ask why its dynamic elements might attract and maintain female attention. Finally, we demonstrate how the mechanical structure of the train feathers affects the peacock's visual display by allowing the colorful iridescent eyespots-which strongly influence female mate choice-to remain nearly stationary against a dynamic iridescent background.

A review of the razorfishes (Perciformes: Labridae) of the eastern Pacific Ocean.

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Victor, B C; Wellington, G M; Caldow, C

2001-07-01

Several new species of the razorfish genus Xyrichtys have been discovered recently in the tropical eastern Pacific region. The taxonomy of this group of fishes is not clear, since juveniles, females, and males often have different color patterns and morphologies, and some species descriptions are incomplete. We review the members of this genus in this region based on our recent collections and describe the juvenile, initial, and terminal phase color patterns of the Cape razorfish, Xyrichtys mundiceps. We question the validity of Xyrichtys perlas, which appears to represent the initial phase of X. mundiceps. We conclude that six species of Xyrichtys are present in the tropical eastern Pacific, including one undescribed species we have collected from the Galapagos Islands and one uncollected new species from the Revillagigedos Islands. Xyrichtys mundiceps is found in Baja California and in Panama Xyrichtys pavo is a large species found throughout the Indo-Pacific and eastern Pacific. Xyrichtys victori is a colorful species native to the Galapagos and Cocos Islands, and Xyrichtys wellingtoni is apparently endemic to Clipperton Atoll. The undescribed species is known only from the Galapagos Islands and has a dark-colored juvenile with extended first dorsal fin rays that are not separated from the remainder of the fin. The terminal phase of this species is unknown. We present keys to the known juvenile and initial phase stages of five species. In addition, we document the allometric growth of the head of razorfishes and show that the head shape of small individuals of Xyrichtys razorfishes is no different from that of the razorfish genus Novaculichthys, and therefore we suggest caution in using this character to distinguish these genera.

Growth and survival of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis postlarve in cages and pen enclosures Crescimento e sobrevivência de pós-larvas de camarão-rosa (Farfantepenaeus paulensis em gaiolas e cercados

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Luciano Jensen Vaz

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Technology for the culture of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis in low-cost cages and pen enclosures was developed together with artisanal fishermen of the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. Although the production of postlarvae (PL under laboratory conditions is well documented, survival and growth during the nursery phase cages and pen enclosures in the nature has not yet been analyzed. Therefore, the present study compared survival and growth of F. paulensis postlarvae reared either in cages or pens. Six cages (2.0 ´ 2.0 ´ 1.4 m of PVC-coated polyester with a mesh size of 1.5 mm were stocked with 800 PL26 each. To assess the effect of the substrate, a 10 cm layer of sand was added to three of these cages to simulate a pen enclosure. No difference in the mean survival rate between cages (92.2% and pens (88.7% was found (P > 0.05. However, final weight of shrimp reared in pens (1.05 ± 0.05 g was higher than those kept in cages (0.88 ± 0.12 g. The nursery phase of F. paulensis in cages and pens did not affect survival. Nevertheless, because of the higher growth rate of shrimp grown in pen enclosures, this kind of structure should be preferentially used in nursery rearing of this species.Um pacote tecnológico para o cultivo do camarão-rosa em estruturas alternativas de baixo custo, gaiolas e cercados, vem sendo aplicado em conjunto com pescadores artesanais do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, no extremo sul do Brasil. Embora a tecnologia para o cultivo intensivo de pós-larvas (PL em laboratório já esteja bem documentada, informações referentes à sobrevivência e crescimento desses organismos na fase de berçário ainda são escassas para cercados e gaiolas no ambiente natural. Em virtude destes fatos, o objetivo do trabalho foi comparar o crescimento e a sobrevivência de pós-larvas de F. paulensis durante a fase de berçário em gaiolas e cercados no ambiente. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, foram utilizadas seis

Doenças do sistema digestório de caprinos e ovinos no semiárido do Brasil Diseases of the digestive system of sheep and goats in the semiarid region of Brazil

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Milena A. Aragão de Lira

2013-02-01

Full Text Available As doenças do sistema digestório de caprinos e ovinos na região semi-árida do nordeste do Brasil foram avaliadas através de um estudo retrospectivo de 2.144 atendimentos de pequenos ruminantes no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011. Os registros foram revisados para determinar a ocorrência e as principais características clínicas, epidemiológicas e patológicas dessas enfermidades. De um total de 512 casos (23,9% de distúrbios digestivos, 367 (71,7% ocorreram em caprinos e 145 (28,3% em ovinos. As helmintoses gastrintestinais e a coccidiose foram as doenças mais frequentes, com um total de 330 casos. Os distúrbios da cavidade ruminoreticular (acidose, indigestão simples, timpanismo, e compactação ruminal totalizaram 94 casos. O abomaso foi afetado primária e secundariamente por úlceras. Casos de obstrução e compressão do trato gastrointestinal também foram observados. Malformações como atresia anal e fenda palatina foram registradas em ambas as espécies, sendo esta última associada à ingestão de Mimosa tenuiflora. Entre as doenças infecciosas foram observados cinco casos de ectima contagioso, dois casos de paratuberculose e dois casos de pitiose gastrointestinal. Em sete animais suspeitou-se de enterotoxemia e 31 casos foram diagnosticados como enterite inespecífica. A não utilização de práticas de controle integrado de parasitas e a utilização de alimentos inadequados durante o período de escassez de forragem contribuiu para a ocorrência de um grande número de doenças. A prática de conservação de forragens poderia reduzir substancialmente a ocorrência de distúrbios digestivos na região semiárida.Diseases of the digestive system of goats and sheep in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil were evaluated by a retrospective study of 2,144 attendances of small ruminants in the Veterinary Hospital of the

Doenças da pele em caprinos e ovinos no semi-árido brasileiro Diseases of the skin in sheep and goats from the Brazilian semiarid

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Juliana T.S.A. Macêdo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo das doenças de pele diagnosticadas em ovinos e caprinos, no semi-árido dos Estados da Paraíba, Pernambuco e Rio Grande do Norte. De janeiro de 2000 a novembro de 2006 foram registrados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, em Patos, Paraíba, 656 diagnósticos em caprinos e 324 em ovinos, além do estudo de espécimes de necropsia ou biópsia da pele de 31 em caprinos e 45 em ovinos enviados para exame histológico. Dos casos atendidos 80 (8,16% apresentavam alterações na pele, destes 35 ocorreram em caprinos (5,33% do total de casos diagnosticados nesta espécie e 45 em ovinos (13,88% dos casos diagnosticados nesta espécie. Das doenças de pele, a mais freqüente foi a miíase (10 casos em caprinos e 7 em ovinos seguida do ectima contagioso (8 casos em caprinos e 2 em ovinos, carcinoma epidermoide (4 casos em caprinos e 5 em ovinos, dermatofilose (8 casos em ovinos, dermatite alérgica (1 caso em ovino e 1 em caprino. Além disso, foram diagnosticados dois casos de pitiose em ovinos, dois casos de epidermólise bolhosa em caprinos, um caso de intoxicação por Brachiaria brizantha (fotossensibilização e outro de intoxicação por Leucaena leucocephala (alopecia em ovinos e um caso de papilomatose, um de pênfigo foliáceo, um de prototecose e um de rabdomiossarcoma em caprinos. Em 4 casos em ovinos e 19 em caprinos não foi realizado diagnóstico etiológico da doença. A informação gerada sobre a ocorrência e epidemiologia das doenças de pele permite estabelecer medidas adequadas de controle.A study of the skin diseases in sheep and goats in the semiarid of the states of Paraíba, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil was performed. From January 2000 to November 2006, 656 cases in goats and 324 in sheep were presented to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande in Patos, Paraíba. Additionally mailed in biopsy or necropsy skin samples

Age, growth, and reproductive aspects of the dusky grouper Mycteroperca marginata (Actinopterygii: Epinephelidae in a man-made rocky habitat in southern Brazil

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Elisa Seyboth

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The dusky grouper, Mycteroperca marginata, is an important commercial marine fish that is currently considered an endangered species worldwide and listed as overexploited in Brazil. Although its reproductive biology has been studied elsewhere, no information is available for populations in its southernmost distribution limit on the Brazilian coast. The present work investigates age structure, growth and reproduction of individuals inhabiting a pair of rocky jetties, about 4.5 km long each, located in the mouth of Patos Lagoon in the municipality of Rio Grande, in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. A total of 130 individuals obtained between February 2007 and May 2009 were analyzed, with total length ranging from 260 to 800 mm. The growth coefficient found in the present study (K: 0.069 was lower than values reported for dusky grouper populations from the Mediterranean Sea (0.087 and southeast Africa (0.09. This difference could be related to higher average water temperatures in these regions compared to the current study site or due to poorer habitat quality in terms of the shelters available for dusky grouper individuals to establish their territories. Microscopic ovarian analyses of individuals during three years of sampling revealed only the occurrence of immature and resting females. The absence of ripe or post-spawning individuals, associated with low GSI values (A garoupa-verdadeira, Mycteroperca marginata, é uma espécie de importância comercial que atualmente é considerada como ameaçada mundialmente e sobre-explotada no Brasil. Embora sua biologia reprodutiva tenha sido estudada em outras regiões, nenhuma informação está disponível sobre populações que habitam o extremo sul da sua distribuição na costa brasileira. O presente trabalho investiga a estrutura de idade, crescimento e reprodução de indivíduos que habitam dois molhes de pedra, com cerca de 4,5 km de extensão cada, localizados na desembocadura da laguna dos Patos

Efeito do sexo e da idade sobre os parâmetros fisiológicos e hematológicos de bovinos da raça sindi no semi-árido Effect of sex and age on physiologics and hematologics parameters of beef cattle Sindhi from semi-arid tropics

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Rosangela Maria Nunes da Silva

2005-02-01

Full Text Available Este experimento foi desenvolvido no Núcleo de Pesquisa para o Trópico Semi-árido (NUPEÁRIDO, do Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural (CSTR, da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Campus de Patos-PB. Foram utilizados 24 bovinos da raça Sindi, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC, num esquema fatorial 2 x 2; (sexo: macho e fêmea versus idade: 12 e 24 meses com 6(seis repetições, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2001. Estudou-se os seguintes parâmetros: temperatura retal (TR, freqüências respiratória (FR e cardíaca (FC, e perfil hematológico. As leituras foram realizadas no período da manhã, entre 8:30 e 9:30 horas, e à tarde entre 14:30 e 15:30 horas, uma vez por semana. Durante o período experimental foram registradas temperaturas máxima e mínima de 35,74 °C e 23 °C, respectivamente, e umidade relativa média de 51,7%. Nas amostras de sangue, que continham EDTA como anticoagulante, foram realizadas as seguintes provas: contagem global de hemácias (HE; dosagem de hemoglobina (HB, determinação do volume globular (VG e cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos (volume globular médio - VGM, hemoglobina globular média - HGM, concentração de hemoglobina globular média - CHGM. Não se verificou efeito significativo (P>0,05 do sexo e da idade sobre os parâmetros estudados, verificando que, bovinos da raça Sindi, machos ou fêmeas, com idade entre um e dois anos, apresentaram o mesmo comportamento fisiológico sob as condições adversas da região semi-árida.This experiment was carried out at the Nucleus of Research for to Tropic Semi-árid (NUPEÁRIDO, in the Health and Technology Center (CSTR of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Campus of Patos-PB. 24 animals of the Sindi breed were utilized, alloted in a completely randomized design (DIC in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (Sex: male and female versus age: 12 and 24 months of age with 6 (six repetitions in the period

Avaliação de genótipos de trigo em ambientes contrastantes quanto à disponibilidade hídrica

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Aurinelza Batista Teixeira Condé

2011-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade de cultivares e linhagens de trigo, cultivados sob condição normal de irrigação (sem estresse e em condições de sequeiro (com estresse hídrico, visando a recomendação desses materiais, para as condições ambientais do cerrado mineiro. Os ensaios foram conduzidos nos municípios de Patos de Minas e Rio Paranaíba, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com 14 genótipos. A análise conjunta demonstrou efeito significativo para todas as fontes de variação ao avaliar o caráter peso hectolítrico e não houve efeito significativo entre os genótipos ao avaliar rendimento de grãos. As linhagens EP 062043, EP 063030 e EP 063053 apresentaram menor risco considerando o peso hectolitrico em todos os ambientes considerados, a cultivar BRS 264 se destacou apenas no ambiente favorável e a cultivar MGS Brilhante e a linhagem EP 064021 apenas no ambiente desfavorável, classificados segundo o método de Annichiarico. Quanto a rendimento de grãos a linhagem EP 063053 demonstrou ser a de menor risco. A cultivar MGS1 Aliança e as linhagens EP 063053, EP 066055 e EP 063044 foram mais estáveis no ambiente desfavorável, demonstrando características desejáveis para serem recomendados para cultivo de sequeiro no estado de Minas Gerais.

Bioactive compounds of fresh and dehydrated green pepper

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Ana Marinho do Nascimento

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Pepper Capsicum annuum L., belongs to the Solanaceae family, which contains approximately 31 species. Bioactive compounds also known as phytochemicals are chemical and biochemical components that are present in most fruits and vegetables. The objective of the present study was to verify if the bioactive compounds of the green pepper remain after being submitted to the drying process. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 5 replicates. Green peppers were used from the (Economic Center of Supply Corporation of the city of Patos, Paraíba. The peppers were packed in plastic boxes and transported to the Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Food Analysis of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus Pombal. Where they were selected, washed and sanitized. After that, the minimum processing was done and the drying was carried out in a circulation oven at 60 ºC. At the end of the drying, the samples were crushed and sieved. After this process, the analyzes of ascorbic acid, chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanin flavonoids and phenolic compounds. It was found that there was a significant difference between treatments. The bioactive properties of green pepper were not lost after the heat treatment. Some phytochemicals as ascorbic acid, carotenoids and phenolic compounds were concentrated. Therefore the loss of water during the drying process increased the concentration of the bioactive compounds of dehydrated pepper, the product obtained with this method exhibited high levels of phytochemicals, the use of drying may be an alternative to prolong the shelf life of the vegetable.

Genetic characterization of the 28 maize landraces in Paraná State

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Sara Regina Silvestrin Rovaris

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The characterization of maize landraces is extremely important in breeding programs for use of these genotypes as sources of genetic variability. The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize 28 populations of maize landraces from the state of Paraná using the estimates of the effects of varieties and heterosis parents and the general combining ability, thereby assessing the main agronomic traits. In the crop of 2008/09, 56 inter-varietal hybrids, obtained through a topcross, 28 populations of maize landraces and three check varieties were evaluated for female flowering (FF, plant height (PH, ear height (EH and grain mass (GY. The treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design, with two replications, at three Paraná State locations: the Experimental Center of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná in Londrina (IAPAR and the experimental units of Pato Branco and Ponta Grossa. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance, considering a fixed model for genotypes and a random model for environments; the averages grouped by the Scott-Knott test, along with intersections of topcrosses, were analyzed according to a readapted model proposed by Oliveira et al. (1997. According to estimates of the parental effects, the GI 133 population showed the most promising estimates for all characteristics. The GI 088 and GI 173 populations stood out with promising estimates of the effects of heterosis. The conclusion is that the populations GI 133 and GI 173 may be indicated for recurrent selection programs or participation in obtaining composites.

Improving the interoperability of biomedical ontologies with compound alignments.

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Oliveira, Daniela; Pesquita, Catia

2018-01-09

Ontologies are commonly used to annotate and help process life sciences data. Although their original goal is to facilitate integration and interoperability among heterogeneous data sources, when these sources are annotated with distinct ontologies, bridging this gap can be challenging. In the last decade, ontology matching systems have been evolving and are now capable of producing high-quality mappings for life sciences ontologies, usually limited to the equivalence between two ontologies. However, life sciences research is becoming increasingly transdisciplinary and integrative, fostering the need to develop matching strategies that are able to handle multiple ontologies and more complex relations between their concepts. We have developed ontology matching algorithms that are able to find compound mappings between multiple biomedical ontologies, in the form of ternary mappings, finding for instance that "aortic valve stenosis"(HP:0001650) is equivalent to the intersection between "aortic valve"(FMA:7236) and "constricted" (PATO:0001847). The algorithms take advantage of search space filtering based on partial mappings between ontology pairs, to be able to handle the increased computational demands. The evaluation of the algorithms has shown that they are able to produce meaningful results, with precision in the range of 60-92% for new mappings. The algorithms were also applied to the potential extension of logical definitions of the OBO and the matching of several plant-related ontologies. This work is a first step towards finding more complex relations between multiple ontologies. The evaluation shows that the results produced are significant and that the algorithms could satisfy specific integration needs.

Oestradiol and prostaglandin F2α regulate sexual displays in females of a sex-role reversed fish

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Gonçalves, David; Costa, Silvia Santos; Teles, Magda C.; Silva, Helena; Inglês, Mafalda; Oliveira, Rui F.

2014-01-01

The mechanisms regulating sexual behaviours in female vertebrates are still poorly understood, mainly because in most species sexual displays in females are more subtle and less frequent than displays in males. In a sex-role reversed population of a teleost fish, the peacock blenny Salaria pavo, an external fertilizer, females are the courting sex and their sexual displays are conspicuous and unambiguous. We took advantage of this to investigate the role of ovarian-synthesized hormones in the induction of sexual displays in females. In particular, the effects of the sex steroids oestradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) and of the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) were tested. Females were ovariectomized and their sexual behaviour tested 7 days (sex steroids and PGF2α) and 14 days (sex steroids) after ovariectomy by presenting females to an established nesting male. Ovariectomy reduced the expression of sexual behaviours, although a significant proportion of females still courted the male 14 days after the ovary removal. Administration of PGF2α to ovariectomized females recovered the frequency of approaches to the male's nest and of courtship displays towards the nesting male. However, E2 also had a positive effect on sexual behaviour, particularly on the frequency of approaches to the male's nest. T administration failed to recover sexual behaviours in ovariectomized females. These results suggest that the increase in E2 levels postulated to occur during the breeding season facilitates female mate-searching and assessment behaviours, whereas PGF2α acts as a short-latency endogenous signal informing the brain that oocytes are mature and ready to be spawned. In the light of these results, the classical view for female fishes, that sex steroids maintain sexual behaviour in internal fertilizers and that prostaglandins activate spawning behaviours in external fertilizers, needs to be reviewed. PMID:24452030

Genetic Characterization of Continually Evolving Highly Pathogenic H5N6 Influenza Viruses in China, 2012–2016

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Li, Meng; Zhao, Na; Luo, Jing; Li, Yuan; Chen, Lin; Ma, Jiajun; Zhao, Lin; Yuan, Guohui; Wang, Chengmin; Wang, Yutian; Liu, Yanhua; He, Hongxuan

2017-01-01

H5N6 is a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and a zoonotic disease that causes recurring endemics in East Asia. At least 155 H5N6 outbreaks, including 15 human infections, have been reported in China. These repeated outbreaks have increased concern that the H5N6 virus may cross over to humans and cause a pandemic. In February, 2016, peafowls in a breeding farm exhibited a highly contagious disease. Post-mortem examinations, including RT-PCR, and virus isolation, confirmed that the highly pathogenic H5N6 influenza virus was the causative agent, and the strain was named A/Pavo Cristatus/Jiangxi/JA1/2016. In animal experiments, it exhibited high pathogenicity in chickens and an estimated median lethal dose in mice of ~104.3 TCID50. A phylogenetic analysis showed that JA1/2016 was clustered in H5 clade 2.3.4.4. FG594-like H5N6 virus from Guangdong Province was the probable predecessor of JA1/2016, and the estimated divergence time was June 2014. Furthermore, we found that H5N6 influenza viruses can be classified into the two following groups: Group 1 and Group 2. Group 2 influenza viruses have not been detected since the end of 2014, whereas Group 1 influenza viruses have continually evolved and reassorted with the “gene pool” circulating in south China, resulting in the rise of novel subtypes of this influenza virus. An increase in the number of its identified hosts, the expanding range of its distribution, and the continual evolution of H5N6 AIVs enhance the risk that an H5N6 virus may spread to other continents and cause a pandemic. PMID:28293218

Multilocus DNA fingerprints in gallinaceous birds: general approach and problems.

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Hanotte, O; Bruford, M W; Burke, T

1992-06-01

Multilocus profiles were investigated in five different species of Galliformes (ring-necked pheasant Phasianus colchicus, Indian peafowl Pavo cristatus, Japanese quail Coturnix coturnix japonica, domestic chicken Gallus gallus, and red grouse Lagopus lagopus scoticus) using two human multilocus probes (33.6 and 33.15) in combination with each of four restriction enzymes (AluI, DdeI, HaeIII or HinfI). All the species show a DNA fingerprint-like pattern using at least one restriction enzyme in combination with each multilocus probe. The number of bands detected and the value of the index of similarity for each species differ significantly between the profiles obtained with each multilocus probe. Some enzyme/probe combinations reveal strong cross-hybridization of the multilocus probes with satellite or satellite-like DNA sequences in pheasant, peacock, quail and chicken, which partially or completely prevented scoring of the profile. The choice of restriction enzyme was found to influence the number of bands, the value of the index of similarity and the probability of obtaining an identical fingerprint between unrelated individuals. The Mendelian inheritance and independent segregation of the fragments detected using AluI was investigated in three species (ring-necked pheasant, Indian peafowl and red grouse). Some bands were shown to be tightly linked. An extreme case was encountered in the red grouse, where 12 of the 15 bands scored in one parent represented only two, apparently allelic, haplotypes and so derived from a single locus. However, fingerprint patterns will often be adequate for use in paternity analyses, such as in behavioural studies, despite the occurrence of haplotypic sets of bands. Identical DNA multilocus profiles were sometimes observed between captive-bred siblings in one species. These results emphasize the desirability of determining, in each new species, the optimal experimental conditions as a preliminary to any behavioural or population

Biomechanics of the Peacock’s Display: How Feather Structure and Resonance Influence Multimodal Signaling

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Dakin, Roslyn; McCrossan, Owen; Hare, James F.; Montgomerie, Robert; Amador Kane, Suzanne

2016-01-01

Courtship displays may serve as signals of the quality of motor performance, but little is known about the underlying biomechanics that determines both their signal content and costs. Peacocks (Pavo cristatus) perform a complex, multimodal “train-rattling” display in which they court females by vibrating the iridescent feathers in their elaborate train ornament. Here we study how feather biomechanics influences the performance of this display using a combination of field recordings and laboratory experiments. Using high-speed video, we find that train-rattling peacocks stridulate their tail feathers against the train at 25.6 Hz, on average, generating a broadband, pulsating mechanical sound at that frequency. Laboratory measurements demonstrate that arrays of peacock tail and train feathers have a broad resonant peak in their vibrational spectra at the range of frequencies used for train-rattling during the display, and the motion of feathers is just as expected for feathers shaking near resonance. This indicates that peacocks are able to drive feather vibrations energetically efficiently over a relatively broad range of frequencies, enabling them to modulate the feather vibration frequency of their displays. Using our field data, we show that peacocks with longer trains use slightly higher vibration frequencies on average, even though longer train feathers are heavier and have lower resonant frequencies. Based on these results, we propose hypotheses for future studies of the function and energetics of this display that ask why its dynamic elements might attract and maintain female attention. Finally, we demonstrate how the mechanical structure of the train feathers affects the peacock’s visual display by allowing the colorful iridescent eyespots–which strongly influence female mate choice–to remain nearly stationary against a dynamic iridescent background. PMID:27119380

Genetic Characterization of Continually Evolving Highly Pathogenic H5N6 Influenza Viruses in China, 2012-2016.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Meng; Zhao, Na; Luo, Jing; Li, Yuan; Chen, Lin; Ma, Jiajun; Zhao, Lin; Yuan, Guohui; Wang, Chengmin; Wang, Yutian; Liu, Yanhua; He, Hongxuan

2017-01-01

H5N6 is a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and a zoonotic disease that causes recurring endemics in East Asia. At least 155 H5N6 outbreaks, including 15 human infections, have been reported in China. These repeated outbreaks have increased concern that the H5N6 virus may cross over to humans and cause a pandemic. In February, 2016, peafowls in a breeding farm exhibited a highly contagious disease. Post-mortem examinations, including RT-PCR, and virus isolation, confirmed that the highly pathogenic H5N6 influenza virus was the causative agent, and the strain was named A/ Pavo Cristatus /Jiangxi/JA1/2016. In animal experiments, it exhibited high pathogenicity in chickens and an estimated median lethal dose in mice of ~10 4.3 TCID 50 . A phylogenetic analysis showed that JA1/2016 was clustered in H5 clade 2.3.4.4. FG594-like H5N6 virus from Guangdong Province was the probable predecessor of JA1/2016, and the estimated divergence time was June 2014. Furthermore, we found that H5N6 influenza viruses can be classified into the two following groups: Group 1 and Group 2. Group 2 influenza viruses have not been detected since the end of 2014, whereas Group 1 influenza viruses have continually evolved and reassorted with the "gene pool" circulating in south China, resulting in the rise of novel subtypes of this influenza virus. An increase in the number of its identified hosts, the expanding range of its distribution, and the continual evolution of H5N6 AIVs enhance the risk that an H5N6 virus may spread to other continents and cause a pandemic.

Biomechanics of the Peacock's Display: How Feather Structure and Resonance Influence Multimodal Signaling.

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Roslyn Dakin

Full Text Available Courtship displays may serve as signals of the quality of motor performance, but little is known about the underlying biomechanics that determines both their signal content and costs. Peacocks (Pavo cristatus perform a complex, multimodal "train-rattling" display in which they court females by vibrating the iridescent feathers in their elaborate train ornament. Here we study how feather biomechanics influences the performance of this display using a combination of field recordings and laboratory experiments. Using high-speed video, we find that train-rattling peacocks stridulate their tail feathers against the train at 25.6 Hz, on average, generating a broadband, pulsating mechanical sound at that frequency. Laboratory measurements demonstrate that arrays of peacock tail and train feathers have a broad resonant peak in their vibrational spectra at the range of frequencies used for train-rattling during the display, and the motion of feathers is just as expected for feathers shaking near resonance. This indicates that peacocks are able to drive feather vibrations energetically efficiently over a relatively broad range of frequencies, enabling them to modulate the feather vibration frequency of their displays. Using our field data, we show that peacocks with longer trains use slightly higher vibration frequencies on average, even though longer train feathers are heavier and have lower resonant frequencies. Based on these results, we propose hypotheses for future studies of the function and energetics of this display that ask why its dynamic elements might attract and maintain female attention. Finally, we demonstrate how the mechanical structure of the train feathers affects the peacock's visual display by allowing the colorful iridescent eyespots-which strongly influence female mate choice-to remain nearly stationary against a dynamic iridescent background.

Motivos paganos en mosaicos cristianos y judíos de Oriente : problemática e interpretación (IV

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Pau Figueras

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Varias representaciones de escenas, personajes y animales de origen pagano fueron utilizadas por cristianos y judíos de Oriente en la decoración de sus iglesias y sinagogas. Sin que fuese considerada una alegoría, la figura de Orfeo inspiró algunas representaciones de Adán, del rey David y de Jesucristo. El ave fénix y los grifones formaban parte del bestiario cristiano, al igual que el águila de Zeus y el pavo real de Hera, ahora símbolos de vida eterna. La convivencia entre animales enemigos evocaba la esperada la paz paradisíaca, y lo mismo hacían las llamadas «vides pobladas» con sus recuerdos dionisíacos. Viejos mitos de maternidad pudieron haber inspirado la figura de una mujer amamantando su hijito, como tradicionales representaciones de filósofos paganos inspiraron las de Cristo y sus acompañantes en la escena de la Transfiguración.Christians and Jews in the East used certain representations of pagan origin to decórate their churches and synagogues. Without being considerad an allegory, Orpheus'figure inspirad soma representations of Adam, king David and Jesús Christ. Phoanix and griffon bacame part of tha Christian bestiary togethar with Zeus' eagle and Hara's paacock, now symbols of everlasting lifa. The axpactad peace of Paradisa was avoked by anamy animáis living togathar, and a similar role played the «populated» vinas with thair Dionisiac ramambrances. Ancient maternity myths might have inspirad the figure of a woman breastfeading har chiid, as tha traditional representation of pagan philosophers inspirad those of Christ and his companions in the scene of the Transfiguration.

Crescimento inicial de mudas de pinheira e goiabeira em solo salino-sódico com corretivos

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Jordânia Xavier de Medeiros

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do gesso agrícola sobre os atributos químicos de um solo salino-sódico e o crescimento de mudas de goiabeira e pinheira. O trabalho foi realizado em casa de vegetação da UFCG/CSTR em Patos, PB. Amostras de um solo salino-sódico foram obtidas do Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo. O experimento constitui-se de um tipo de solo, duas espécies, três doses de gesso agrícola (00, 100 e 200% da NG e 4 repetições. As parcelas foram distribuídas em DIC. As sementes de pinha e goiaba foram semeadas em tubetes e após 30, as mudas foram transplantadas segundo padronização do diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, altura e transferidas para os solos salinizados, observando o crescimento através de medições semanais da altura das plantas por um período de 104 dias. Houve redução significativa nos teores de sódio no solo com o aumento do nível de gesso aplicado, o mesmo ocorrendo para o pH e melhoria nas propriedades químicas do solo. As mudas apresentaram redução na altura, número de folhas, na massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz com a aplicação do corretivo. A aplicação de gesso em solos salino-sódico para cultivo de goiaba e pinha não apresentou resultados satisfatórios.

Figura ambígua e dislexia do desenvolvimento Ambiguous figure and developmental dyslexia

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Lílian Braga Alonso

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar o processamento visual de figuras ambíguas em indivíduos disléxicos e compará-lo a um grupo controle leitor normal. MÉTODOS: Survey comparativo onde foram selecionados aleatoriamente 39 escolares cursando entre a primeira e a quarta série do ensino fundamental. Deste total, 26 não apresentavam dificuldade de leitura ou mau rendimento escolar e constituíram o grupo controle. As outras 13 crianças (grupo de estudo eram portadoras de Dislexia do desenvolvimento. Foram apresentadas, pela ordem, uma figura de Boring, uma figura com vasos de Rubin e uma figura pato/coelho de Jastrow. RESULTADOS: Os resultados obtidos mostram que as crianças com diagnóstico de Dislexia do desenvolvimento perceberam número menor de figuras em relação às do grupo controle. CONCLUSÃO: O exame do processamento visual de crianças com Dislexia do desenvolvimento para figuras ambíguas é alterado quando comparado ao de crianças leitoras normais.OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the visual response of children with developmental dyslexia when ambiguous figure was presented in comparison with normal readers children. METHODS: 39 children from basic school was randomly chosen. 26 were normal readers. 13 were diagnosed developmental dyslexia.Were presented the Boring figure, Rubin vessels figure and Jastrow figure. RESULTS: Participants in the clinical group with dyslexia performed marginally less well than those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The visual response of children with developmental dyslexia when ambiguous figure was presented is less well in comparison with normal readers children.

Rivalidade competitiva e sistemas de ERP: estudo em pequenas e médias empresas

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Renato Borges Fernandes

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar a relação entre dimensões estratégicas auxiliadas por sistemas ERP e a rivalidade competitiva, em pequenas e médias empresas. Para consecução do objetivo, foi conduzido um survey a gestores de pequenas e médias empresas do município de Patos de Minas, pelo qual foram avaliadas as dimensões de clientes e consumidores, fornecedores, mercado, eficiência e eficácia organizacional e eficiência interorganizacional e suas relações com a rivalidade competitiva. Para a análise, foi utilizada a modelagem de equações estruturais, pelo método de mínimos quadrados parciais (PLS, realizando-se a validação dos modelos de mensuração e estrutural e, posteriormente, a análise dos coeficientes de caminho. Os resultados apontaram relação positiva entre todas as dimensões estratégicas avaliadas, com elevada relação com as dimensões clientes e consumidores e eficiência e eficácia organizacional e leve relação com a dimensão mercado. Observa-se que os sistemas de ERP, em pequenas e médias empresas, contribuem para dimensões mais endógenas e próximas da organização do que exógenas, sustentando a tese de necessidade de maturidade das organizações para se alcançar benefícios estratégicos com o uso de tecnologias da informação.

Discovery of endangered annual killifish Austrolebias cheradophilus (Aplocheiloidei: Rivulidae in Brazil, with comments on habitat, population structure and conservation status

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Luis Esteban Krause Lanés

Full Text Available Austrolebias genus comprises about 40 small annual killifishes endemic to South America and their highest diversity occurs in southern Brazil and Uruguay, especially in drainages of Patos-Mirim system. Austrolebiasspecies are severely threatened with extinction because their life cycle and restricted ranges. Low dispersal ability and the extensive loss and fragmentation of freshwater wetlands contribute to this threat. Accurate information on the geographic distribution and ecology of the species, vital to plan conservation and management strategies, are scarce. In order to provide basic knowledge for annual fish conservation this paper reports the presence of Austrolebias cheradophilus and present data about its population structure (CPUA, size, sex ratio, length-weight relationships and condition factor and conservation status in southern Brazil. The estimated CPUA of populations was 0.86 fish/m2. Standard length (SL of males ranged between 32.14 and 49.17 mm and for females between 25.11 and 41.6 mm. There were no differences in SL between the sexes (t-test = - 1.678; P = 0.105, and Chi-squared test demonstrated marginal differences in proportions of sexes (2.25:1; χ2 = 3.846; P= 0.07. Allometric coefficient of the LWR was slightly hyperallometric (b = 3.08 and K of the specimens ranged from 1.84 to 2.42 (mean ± S.E. = 2.12 ± 0.04. Populations have low density and their biotopes are under critical threat, mainly due to suppression by agriculture, pastures for livestock and increase housing. The species is considered "Critically Endangered" in Brazil, furthermore is strongly recommended its inclusion on lists of endangered fauna and ensures the protection of their remaining habitats.

Envolvimento renal na salmonelose septicêmica prolongada

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Edgar Carvalho Filho

1977-10-01

Full Text Available Numa análise de 68 pacientes com o diagnóstico de salmonelose septicêmica prolongada (doentes com a forma hépato-esplênica da esquistossomose mansônica, e bactérias do gênero Salmonella isoladas do sangue, demonstrou-se que 28 deles (41,2% apresentaram, concomitantemente, proteinúria e alterações significantes do sedimento urinário (hematúria, leucocitúria e cilindrúria. Destes doentes 3 apresentaram quadro de síndrome nefrótica e quatro se apresentaram urêmicos. Em 10 doentes foi realizado estudo histológico dos rins, havendo em 5, glomerulonefrite proliferativo membranoss, em 2 esclerose glomerular focal, 1 paciente apresentou glomerulonefrite proliferativa mesangial e um apenas alterações histológicas mínimas. Infecção do trato urinário por Salmonella (a mesma isolada do sangue foi observada em 3 casos. A ocorrência do mesmo padrão histológico de alteração glomerular observado na glomerulopatia da esquistossomose sugeriu que o principal determinante da lesão glomerular foi, provavelmente, a infecção por S. mandoni. A elevada prevalência de alterações urinárias, em muitos casos desaparecendo com o tratamento da salmonelose, sugeriu que a infecção bacteriana contribuiu para o aparecimento das manifestações clínicas da nefropatia provavelmente através mecanismo imunológico. O achado de nefrite intersticial mais freqüente e intensa nestes casos do que naqueles apenas com esquistossomose também sugere uma peculiaridade desta condição provavelmente de natureza imunológica.

EFFECT OF INVERSION ON TREATMENT OF FENCE SUBJECTED TO SAP DISPLACEMENT METHOD

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Juarez Benigno Paes

2014-03-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813338This work aimed to evaluate the effect of inversion of Prosopis juliflora and Leucaena leucocephala fenceposts, in distribution, penetration and retention of copper chrome borate (CCB solution applied by sapdisplacement method. The Prosopis juliflora was collected in Brazilian Agricultural Research Company(EMBRAPA and the Leucaena leucocephala at the Federal University of Campina Grande in Patos,Paraíba state, Brazil. Trees with DAP from 5.0 to 10.0 cm were employed. Disks of 2.0 cm of thicknesswere retired on the top and on the base of pieces. The external disks were then discarded and the internones were employed to determine the wood characteristics, being the round pieces with 2.0 m. A solutionof 2% of active ingredients of CCB was used to treated woods. A total of 10 pieces of each species weretreated, and five of them remained in the solution for 8 days and the five ones had their tops inverted afterthe sixth day of treatment. The pieces were seasoned; disks of 2.0 cm of thickness were taken in 5 positions along of pieces and the analyses for determination of copper and boron penetration took place. The valuesof wood characteristics indicated that the pieces were homogeneous. The absorption of the solution was of19.9 liters (Prosopis juliflora and of 17.0 liters (Leucaena leucocephala. The nominal retentions of CCBwere 7.72 and 5.34 kg active ingredients (a.i./m3, respectively. In general, the inversion of the pieces inthe preservative solution is recommended, by providing a better distribution, penetration and retention ofCCB on treated pieces.

EFEITO DA INVERSÃO NO TRATAMENTO DE MOIRÕES SUBMETIDOS AO MÉTODO DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO DA SEIVA

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Juarez Benigno Paes

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This work aimed to evaluate the effect of inversion of Prosopis juliflora and Leucaena leucocephala fence posts, in distribution, penetration and retention of copper chrome borate (CCB solution applied by sap displacement method. The Prosopis juliflora was collected in Brazilian Agricultural Research Company (EMBRAPA and the Leucaena leucocephala at the Federal University of Campina Grande in Patos, Paraíba state, Brazil. Trees with DAP from 5.0 to 10.0 cm were employed. Disks of 2.0 cm of thickness were retired on the top and on the base of pieces. The external disks were then discarded and the intern ones were employed to determine the wood characteristics, being the round pieces with 2.0 m. A solution of 2% of active ingredients of CCB was used to treated woods. A total of 10 pieces of each species were treated, and five of them remained in the solution for 8 days and the five ones had their tops inverted after the sixth day of treatment. The pieces were seasoned; disks of 2.0 cm of thickness were taken in 5 positions along of pieces and the analyses for determination of copper and boron penetration took place. The values of wood characteristics indicated that the pieces were homogeneous. The absorption of the solution was of 19.9 liters ( Prosopis juliflora and of 17.0 liters ( Leucaena leucocephala . The nominal retentions of CCB were 7.72 and 5.34 kg active ingredients (a.i./m 3 , respectively. In general, the inversion of the pieces in the preservative solution is recommended, by providing a better distribution, penetration and retention of CCB on treated pieces.

Nasalance and nasality at experimental velopharyngeal openings in palatal prosthesis: a case study

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LIMA-GREGIO, Aveliny Mantovan; MARINO, Viviane Cristina de Castro; PEGORARO-KROOK, Maria Inês; BARBOSA, Plinio Almeida; AFERRI, Homero Carneiro; DUTKA, Jeniffer de Cassia Rillo

2011-01-01

The use of prosthetic devices for correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is an alternative treatment for patients with conditions that preclude surgery and for those individuals with a hypofunctional velopharynx (HV) with a poor prognosis for the surgical repair of VPI. Understanding the role and measuring the outcome of prosthetic treatment of velopharyngeal dysfunction requires the use of tools that allow for documenting pre- and post-treatment outcomes. Experimental openings in speech bulbs have been used for simulating VPI in studies documenting changes in aerodynamic, acoustic and kinematics aspects of speech associated with the use of palatal prosthetic devices. The use of nasometry to document changes in speech associated with experimental openings in speech bulbs, however, has not been described in the literature. Objective This single-subject study investigated nasalance and nasality at the presence of experimental openings drilled through the speech bulb of a patient with HV. Material and Methods Nasometric recordings of the word "pato" were obtained under 4 velopharyngeal conditions: no-opening (control condition), no speech bulb, speech bulb with a 20 mm2 opening, and speech bulb with 30 mm2 opening. Five speech-language pathologists performed auditory-perceptual ratings while the subject read an oral passage under all conditions. Results Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant difference among conditions (p=0.0002), with Scheffé post hoc test indicating difference from the no-opening condition. Conclusion The changes in nasalance observed after drilling holes of known sizes in a speech bulb suggest that nasometry reflect changes in transfer of sound energy related to different sizes of velopharyngeal opening. PMID:22230996

Assessment of bacterial contamination in the sectors of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Small Animal Veterinary Hospital, UFCG, PB

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Rafaela Alves Dias

2015-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Dias R.A., Souza A.P. & Garino Júnior F. [Assessment of bacterial contamination in the sectors of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Small Animal Veterinary Hospital, UFCG, PB.] Avaliação da contaminação bacteriana nos setores de Clínica e Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais do Hospital Veterinário da UFCG, PB. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(2:173-177, 2015. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Av. Universitária, s/n, Bairro Santa Cecília, Patos, PB 58708-110, Brasil. E-mail: rafa.ad@hotmail.com With this study aimed to evaluate bacterial contamination sectors Clinic and Surgery Small Animal Veterinary Hospital UFCG, in order to prevent infections in patients attending hospital. An assessment of the environmental contamination of sectors before and after disinfection, where was collected samples of air, surfaces and hands of people who deal directly with the animals. Then the test was made of the effectiveness of disinfectants used. Of the 40 samples collected, was identified in 5 of them (12.5% Enterobacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klebisiella pneumoniae and in 22 samples (55% was identified Staphylococcus coagulase negative and positive. Was seen in the quantitative analysis that the number of cfu in some sample was above the indicated. The test showed that the disinfectant solution was effective against all micro-organisms found in the environments. The results indicate that more attention to procedures performed in the disinfection of areas evaluated, and also include measures to prevent contamination at these sites.

Concentração de bixina e lipídios em sementes de urucum da coleção do instituto agronômico (IAC Bixin and lipids content in annato seeds from collection of the instituto agronômico (IAC

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Paulo Roberto Nogueira Carvalho

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Existe uma extensa variedade genética no urucum que são conhecidas por denominações como "focinho de rato", "cabeça de moleque", "peruana", "bico de pato", "amarela", "piave" entre outras. Todas são caracterizadas por propriedades como porte da planta, período de produção, forma e cores das cachopas, deiscência, etc. A última década tem sido marcada por um melhoramento genético, buscando maior produtividade e, principalmente, maior teor de pigmentos. O Instituto Agronômico (IAC comporta no Polo Regional Centro Norte, (Pindorama, SP, uma coleção de plantas de urucum, com mais de 25 acessos, que em trabalhos anteriores foram avaliadas quanto às suas características agronômicas. Contudo, os teores de bixina e lipídeos, que também são características importantes das sementes de urucum, pois afetam diretamente o rendimento industrial, não foram estudados. Este estudo teve como objetivo a validação de uma metodologia analítica de determinação de bixina e a caracterização da coleção do IAC quanto aos teores de bixina e lipídios. Os resultados indicaram que no método proposto houve linearidade na faixa de trabalho utilizada para a análise de sementes de urucum. Os limites de detecção e quantificação foram de 0,31 e 0,63 g de carotenóides totais expressos como bixina por 100 g de semente, respectivamente. O método foi preciso mas sensível a alterações na massa de amostra, tempo de extração e no coeficiente de absorção (. As árvores existentes na coleção possuem altos teores de bixina na semente, variando (em base seca de 3,12 ± 0,06% a 6,26 ± 0,06%. Os teores de lipídios variaram de 1,97 ± 0% a 3,98 ± 0,09%. Não foram observadas correlações entre as concentrações de bixina e de lipídios.Annato has wide genetic varieties that are known by different names including "focinho de rato", "cabeça de moleque", peruana, "bico de pato", yellow and piave. Different properties are used to characterize

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle Produção de grãos de arroz em função de níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação em distintos períodos do seu ciclo

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Thiago Isquierdo Fraga

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Losses of productivity of flooded rice in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, may occur in the Coastal Plains and in the Southern region due to the use of saline water from coastal rivers, ponds and the Laguna dos Patos lagoon, and the sensibility of the plants are variable according to its stage of development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the production of rice grains and its components, spikelet sterility and the phenological development of rice at different levels of salinity in different periods of its cycle. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in pots filled with 11 dm³ of an Albaqualf. The levels of salinity were 0.3 (control, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1 kept in the water layer by adding a salt solution of sodium chloride, except for the control, in different periods of rice development: tillering initiation to panicle initiation; tillering initiation to full flowering; tillering initiation to physiological maturity; panicle initiation to full flowering; panicle initiation to physiological maturity and full flowering to physiological maturity. The number of panicles per pot, the number of spikelets per panicle, the 1,000-kernel weight, the spikelet sterility, the grain yield and phenology were evaluated. All characteristics were negatively affected, in a quadratic manner, with increased salinity in all periods of rice development. Among the yield components evaluated, the one most closely related to grain yields of rice was the spikelet sterility.As perdas de produtividade das lavouras de arroz irrigado no Rio Grande do Sul podem ocorrer nas Planícies Costeiras e na região Sul devido à utilização de água salina de rios litorâneos, da Laguna dos Patos e de outras lagoas, sendo a sensibilidade da cultura variável conforme o seu estádio de desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de grãos de arroz e seus componentes, a esterilidade de espiguetas e o desenvolvimento fenol

Modulatory activity of antioxidants against the toxicity of Rifampicin in vivo Atividade modulatória de anti-oxidantes contra a toxicidade da rifampicina in vivo

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Olufunsho Awodele

2010-02-01

e vitamina C. A administração foi feita por via oral durante três meses; os animais foram sacrificados por deslocação cervical após este período. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas e função hepática e o perfil lipídico foram analisados usando aparelho automático de química clínica. O fígado, o cérebro e os órgãos reprodutivos foram submetidos a análise histopatológica. As amostras de esperma foram coletadas do epidídimo para contagem, motilidade e análise morfológica. Resultados revelaram que a rifampicina isoladamente aumenta (p < 0,05 os enzimas de função hepática (aspartato amino transferase {AST], alanino amino transferase sérica [ALT] e bilirrubina total quando comparados com os controles. Embora o grupo tratado com vitamina E mostrasse marcada proteção, o grupo tratado com vitamina C mostrou proteção questionável contra a lesão hepática induzida pela rifampicina. Resultados da contagem espermática mostraram importante (p < 0,05 aumento na qualidade do esperma no grupo tratado com vitamina E e C. Entretanto, o grupo tratado com vitamina E e rifampicina mostrou aumento da peroxidação lipídica. Os achados histopatológicos revelaram danos estruturais pela rifampicina ao fígado, cérebro e epidídimo enquanto uma notável integridade arquitetural foi observada no grupo tratado por anti-oxidantes. Pode-se concluir que as vitaminas E e C melhoraram a qualidade do esperma e protegeram o cérebro de danos causados pela rifampicina. Mais ainda, a vitamina E demonstrou notável hépato-proteção contra o dano induzido pela rifampicina enquanto a vitamina C mostrou hépato-proteção questionável.

Puerto Rico, humedales [Puerto Rico, wetlands

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Adams, D. Briane; Hefner, John M.; Dopazo, Teresa

1999-01-01

descanso y la alimentación de cientos de aves migratorias en ruta entre Norte y Suramérica. Antes del drenaje de los humedales costeros para propósitos agrícolas, pantanos de agua dulce como los de la Laguna Cartagena, Laguna Guánica y Ciénaga El Anegado proveían hábitat a más de 1 00 especies de aves residentes y migratorias . Los humedales de las tierras altas del área central son el último refugio de la cotorra puertorriqueña, una especie en peligro de extinción. Aún los humedales del área metropolitana de San Juan (Laguna La Torrecilla, Torrecilla Baja, Laguna de Piñones hasta Punta Vacía Talega) proveen un hábitat excelente para la vida silvestre, mantienen criaderos de peces de alto valor económico y proveen recreación y oportunidades educativas a la población urbana.Treintiocho especies de vertebrados, moluscos y crustáceos, y 46 especies de aves, algunos raros o en peligro de extinción como la mariquita, el alcatraz, el pato dominicano, el pato silbón y la paloma cabeciblanca han sido observados en el área . También las playas asociadas con estos humedales urbanos proveen sitios de anidaje para las tortugas carey de concha y tinglar, ambas en peligro de extinción (Del Llano y otros, 1986).

Crescimento de plântulas de alface (Lactuca sativa L. em solo oriundo de um povoamento de Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão Ducke

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Érika do Nascimento Fernandes Pinto

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa buscou conhecer características alelopáticas e de fertilidade de um solo oriundo de povoamento de Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão Ducke, através da avaliação do crescimento de plantas de alface. Inicialmente, realizou-se a coleta do solo sob o povoamento da L. auriculata (SPL e de uma área externa a esse povoamento (SAE, na Fazenda Cachoeira de São Porfírio, em Várzea-PB, e encaminhou-se para o Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos. Em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, aplicaram-se cinco tratamentos com cinco repetições, colocando-se três sementes de alface por vaso contendo os seguintes tratamentos: T1=100%SAE; T2=100%SPL; T3=75%SPL; T4=50%SPL e T5=25%SPL. Aos 63 dias da semeadura, realizou-se a colheita e mensuraram-se as variáveis: comprimento da parte aérea, da raiz, peso da massa fresca da parte aérea, área foliar e número de folhas de cada indivíduo e a análise química dos substratos. Aplicou-se a ANOVA e o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O solo do povoamento da L. auriculata (SPL apresentou uma maior quantidade de nutrientes em relação ao solo da área externa ao povoamento (SAE e influenciou positivamente no crescimento das plantas de alface. No entanto, em apenas três dos cinco tratamentos aplicados (T1, T2 e T3, a alface se desenvolveu. Em T1, T2 e T3 as variáveis analisadas diferiram estatisticamente em função da origem dos solos utilizados e da proporção do esterco bovino. O solo oriundo do povoamento de L. auriculata não apresentou efeito alelopático sobre os parâmetros de crescimento da alface.Seedling growth lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. in soil arising out of a settlement Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão DuckeAbstract: This research aimed to know allelopathic characteristics and fertility of the soil arising out settlement Luetzelburgia auriculata (Allemão Ducke by assessing the growth of lettuce plants. Initially

Efecto del sistema de aturdimiento con CO2, tiempo de desangrado y estimulación eléctrica post-mortem en la calidad de la carne de pavo

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Mauri López, Mª Soledad

2017-01-01

El aturdimiento de los animales previo al sacrificio es una práctica obligatoria en todos los mataderos para evitar su sufrimiento. El aturdimiento gaseoso por CO2 se introdujo en la década de los 90 del siglo XX en las plantas de procesado de aves y presenta mejoras en la calidad final de las canales (ausencia de huesos rotos, disminución de hematomas y petequias) en comparación con el aturdimiento eléctrico, más común en las plantas de procesado de aves. Sin embargo, la ...

Antifouling paint particles: Sources, occurrence, composition and dynamics.

Science.gov (United States)

Soroldoni, Sanye; Castro, Ítalo Braga; Abreu, Fiamma; Duarte, Fabio Andrei; Choueri, Rodrigo Brasil; Möller, Osmar Olinto; Fillmann, Gilberto; Pinho, Grasiela Lopes Leães

2018-06-15

Sources, occurrence, composition and dynamics of antifouling paint particles (APPs) were assessed in Patos Lagoon estuary (PLE), Southern Brazil. Ten areas including boatyards, a marina and artisanal fishing harbors were identified in the estuarine system as potential sources of APPs. The APPs generated in these areas were highly heterogeneous considering the size, shape and composition. Based on an estimate of antifouling paint usage and amount of boats in each studied area, artisanal fishing harbors could be the main source of particles to PLE. However, relatively high amounts of APPs, which ranged from 130 to 40,300 μg g -1 , were detected in sediments collected in front of boatyards and a marina. The uneven distribution of APPs levels among the sediment samples were probably due to the presence of diffuse sources (fishing harbors) associated to "hotspots" (boatyards and marina) along the study area. Additionally, data of settling experiment indicate that size, shape and density of APPs, combined to local hydrodynamics, appears to contribute to the mobility of these residues within the estuary. In the main channel of PLE, smaller particles tend to be transported to adjacent coastal zone while particles tend to be deposited in the sediment surface of sheltered areas. Since different trace metals, and booster biocides were detected in APPs that were not correctly disposed, these particles can be considered as an important source of contamination to aquatic environments. The present data suggest that APPs represent an environmental problem for aquatic systems in Brazil, since the country lacks legislation in addition to inefficient control mechanisms. An improvement in boat maintenance processes are urgently needed to avoid this continuous release of APPs into the aquatic systems. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A preserved early Ediacaran magmatic arc at the northernmost portion of the Transversal Zone central subprovince of the Borborema Province, Northeastern South America

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Benjamim Bley de Brito Neves

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: Magmatic arcs are an essential part of crust-forming events in planet Earth evolution. The aim of this work was to describe an early Ediacaran magmatic arc (ca. 635-580 Ma exposed in the northernmost portion of the Transversal Zone, central subprovince of Borborema Province, northeast Brazil. Our research took advantage of several syntheses by different authors, including theses and dissertations, carried out on magmatic rocks of the study area for the last 30 years. The ca. 750 km long and up to 140 km wide arc, trending ENE-WSW, is preserved to the south of the Patos Lineament, between 35º15' and 42º30'W and 7º15' and 8ºS. About 90 different stocks and batholiths of I-type granitic rocks were mapped along this orogenic zone, preferentially intruding low-grade schists of the Cryogenian-Ediacaran Piancó-Alto Brígida (SPAB belt. Three igneous supersuites are recognized: a epidote-bearing granodiorites and tonalites ("Conceição" type; b high-K calc-alkaline granites ("Itaporanga" type; c biotite granodiorites of trondhjemite affinity ("Serrita" type. A fourth group of peralkalic and shoshonitic rocks occurs to the south of the previous ones, reflecting special tectonic conditions. NNE-SSW trending Paleoproterozoic fold belts, surrounding Archean nuclei, characterize the continental part of the northern lower plate. The oceanic fraction of this lower plate was recycled by subduction and scarce remnants of which may be seen either within the enclosing low-grade schists or as xenoliths within the arc intrusions. The upper continental plate presents WSW-ENE structural trends and is composed of Neoproterozoic fold belts and Paleoproterozoic reworked basement inliers. Available data bear clear evidence of an Ediacaran magmatic arc built at the northern portion of the Transversal Zone in the Borborema Province, northeast Brazil.

Tumores de cães e gatos diagnosticados no semiárido da Paraíba

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Rachel L.F.S. Andrade

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a frequência dos tumores diagnosticados em cães e gatos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Patos, Paraíba, Brasil, entre os anos de 2003 a 2010. Foram revisados todos os protocolos de necropsias e biópsias realizadas no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da referida instituição, e computados os dados referentes aos animais afetados. Os tumores mais frequentes em cães ocorreram na pele e anexos (46,7%, seguido da glândula mamária (24%, sistema genital (10,3% e sistema digestório (6,5%. Os tumores malignos foram mais frequentes que os benignos (p=0,001, representando 78% e 22% respectivamente. Em gatos, as frequências de neoplasmas de pele e glândula mamária foram idênticas (39,4% cada, seguidas das do sistema digestório (8,5% e fígado (5,7%. Os tumores malignos representaram 95,8% dos tumores diagnosticados nesta espécie. Cães sem raça definida tiveram menor frequência (16% de tumores do que animais de diferentes raças (37,2% (p<0,0001. A ampla variedade de neoplasmas que acomete cães e gatos dificulta ao veterinário o diagnóstico clínico e o tratamento das mesmas, sendo recomendável o diagnóstico histológico sistemático de todas as lesões suspeitas de serem neoplasias. Além disso, são necessários estudos que determinem os fatores epidemiológicos envolvidos no desenvolvimento dos tumores que acometem os cães e gatos, nas diferentes regiões, a fim de serem tomadas medidas para diminuir sua ocorrência e letalidade.

Spatio-temporal structure and influence of environmental parameters on the Tipuloidea (Insecta: Diptera) assemblage of Neotropical salt marshes

Science.gov (United States)

Rodrigues, Lucas; Carrasco, Daiane; Proietti, Maíra

2017-10-01

Estuaries and salt marshes are important coastal ecosystems that present unique characteristics in terms of nutrient cycling, salinity, habitats, flora and fauna. Despite their ecological importance, there is scarce knowledge on the occupation, distribution and ecology of insects, including Tipuloidea, in these environments. This study aimed to evaluate the composition, seasonality and effect of abiotic factors on the abundance, diversity and structure of a Tipuloidea assemblage at the Patos Lagoon salt marshes, located at the south of the Neotropical region. We sampled crane-flies from three zones along the estuary by installing two Malaise traps at the low and high vegetation strata of each zone. Sampling was conducted uninterruptedly every fifteen days between August/2015 and July/2016, and collected insects were identified morphologically based on specific literature. 5248 crane-flies were identified covering six species and twenty-five morphospecies. Abundance and frenquency of occurrence of species revealed a gap in the presence of constant species at the middle estuary. Dicranomyia, Gonomyia, Teucholabis and Zelandotipula species were additional (accessory) species only in the upper estuary, while Symplecta cana only in the lower estuary. This shows that different species prefer distinct points along the estuary. Higher abundance of crane-flies was correlated with elevated temperature and humidity. Symplecta pilipes was an exception, presenting increase in abundance under lower temperatures. Seasonal change in Tipuloidea species composition was observed, with higher evenness of Dicranomyia, Geranomyia, Rhipidia domestica and Symplecta cana (15-20%) during summer, and dominance of Symplecta pilipes in winter (80%). The gap at the middle estuary can possibly be due to stress caused by large fluctuations in salinity in the zone. In addition, the seasonal differences can have significant ecological consequences such as the modification of the Tipuloid species

Analysis of carbohydrate storage granules in the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. PCC 7822

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welkie, David G. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Sherman, Debra M. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States); Chrisler, William B. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Orr, Galya [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Sherman, Louis A. [Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)

2013-10-19

The unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacteria of the genus Cyanothece demonstrate oscillations in nitrogenase activity and H₂ production when grown under 12h light-12h dark cycles. We established that Cyanothece sp. PCC 7822 allows for the construction of knock-out mutants and our objective was to improve the growth characteristics of this strain and to identify the nature of the intracellular storage granules. We report the physiological and morphological effects of reduction in nitrate and phosphate concentrations in BG-11 media on this strain. We developed a series of BG-11-derived growth media and monitored batch culture growth, nitrogenase activity and nitrogenase-mediated hydrogen production, culture synchronicity, and intracellular storage content. Reduction in NaNO3 and K₂HPO₄ concentrations from 17.6 and 0.23 mM to 4.41 and 0.06 mM, respectively, improved growth characteristics such as cell size and uniformity, and enhanced the rate of cell division. Cells grown in this low NP BG-11 were less complex, a parameter that related to the composition of the intracellular storage granules. Cells grown in low NP BG-11 had less polyphosphate, fewer polyhydroxybutyrate granules and many smaller granules became evident. Biochemical analysis and transmission electron microscopy using the histocytochemical PATO technique demonstrated that these small granules contained glycogen. The glycogen levels and the number of granules per cell correlated nicely with a 2.3 to 3.3-fold change from the minimum at L0 to the maximum at D0. The differences in granule morphology and enzymes between Cyanothece ATCC 51142 and Cyanothece PCC 7822 provide insights into the formation of large starch-like granules in some cyanobacteria.

Ratio and rate effects of {sup 32}P-triple superphosphate and phosphate rock mixtures on corn growth

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Franzini, Vinicius Ide; Mendes, Fernanda Latanze [Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil). Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Solos e Nutricao de Plantas; Muraoka, Takashi [Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA-USP), Piracicaba, SP (Brazil)]. E-mail: muraoka@cena.usp.br

2009-01-15

The availability of phosphorus (P) from 'Patos de Minas' phosphate rock (PR) can be improved if it is applied mixed with a water-soluble P source. The objective of this study was to evaluate {sup 32}P as a tracer to quantify the effect of the ratio of mixtures of triple superphosphate (TSP) with PR and the rates of application on P availability from PR. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse utilizing corn (Zea mays L.) plants as test crop. In the first experiment, the P sources were applied at the rate of 90 mg P kg{sup -1} soil either separately or as compacted mixtures in several TSP:PR ratios (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 calculated on the basis of the total P content). In the second experiment, the TSP was applied alone or as 50:50 compacted mixtures with PR applied at four P rates (15, 30, 60 and 90 mg P kg{sup -1}) while the sole PR treatment was applied at the 90 mg kg{sup -1}P rate . The mixture of PR with TSP improved the P recovery from PR in the corn plant and this effect increased proportionally to the TSP amounts in the mixture. When compared with the plant P recovery from TSP (10.52%), PR-P recovery (2.57%) was much lower even when mixed together in the ratio of 80% TSP: 20% PR. There was no difference in PR-P utilization by the corn plants with increasing P rates in the mixture (1:1 proportion). Therefore, PR-P availability is affected by the proportions of the mixtures with water soluble P, but not by P rates. (author)

Retention time generates short-term phytoplankton blooms in a shallow microtidal subtropical estuary

Science.gov (United States)

Odebrecht, Clarisse; Abreu, Paulo C.; Carstensen, Jacob

2015-09-01

In this study it was hypothesised that increasing water retention time promotes phytoplankton blooms in the shallow microtidal Patos Lagoon estuary (PLE). This hypothesis was tested using salinity variation as a proxy of water retention time and chlorophyll a for phytoplankton biomass. Submersible sensors fixed at 5 m depth near the mouth of PLE continuously measured water temperature, salinity and pigments fluorescence (calibrated to chlorophyll a) between March 2010 and 12th of December 2011, with some gaps. Salinity variations were used to separate alternating patterns of outflow of lagoon water (salinity 24; 35% of the time). The two transition phases represented a rapid change from lagoon water outflow to marine water inflow and a more gradually declining salinity between the dominating inflow and outflow conditions. During the latter of these, a significant chlorophyll a increase relative to that expected from a linear mixing relationship was observed at intermediate salinities (10-20). The increase in chlorophyll a was positively related to the duration of the prior coastal water inflow in the PLE. Moreover, chlorophyll a increase was significantly higher during austral spring-summer than autumn-winter, probably due to higher light and nutrient availability in the former. Moreover, the retention time process operating on time scales of days influences the long-term phytoplankton variability in this ecosystem. Comparing these results with monthly data from a nearby long-term water quality monitoring station (1993-2011) support the hypothesis that chlorophyll a accumulations occur after marine inflow events, whereas phytoplankton does not accumulate during high water outflow, when the water residence time is short. These results suggest that changing hydrological pattern is the most important mechanism underlying phytoplankton blooms in the PLE.

Ratio and rate effects of 32P-triple superphosphate and phosphate rock mixtures on corn growth

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Franzini, Vinicius Ide; Mendes, Fernanda Latanze

2009-01-01

The availability of phosphorus (P) from 'Patos de Minas' phosphate rock (PR) can be improved if it is applied mixed with a water-soluble P source. The objective of this study was to evaluate 32 P as a tracer to quantify the effect of the ratio of mixtures of triple superphosphate (TSP) with PR and the rates of application on P availability from PR. Two experiments were conducted in a greenhouse utilizing corn (Zea mays L.) plants as test crop. In the first experiment, the P sources were applied at the rate of 90 mg P kg -1 soil either separately or as compacted mixtures in several TSP:PR ratios (100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100 calculated on the basis of the total P content). In the second experiment, the TSP was applied alone or as 50:50 compacted mixtures with PR applied at four P rates (15, 30, 60 and 90 mg P kg -1 ) while the sole PR treatment was applied at the 90 mg kg -1 P rate . The mixture of PR with TSP improved the P recovery from PR in the corn plant and this effect increased proportionally to the TSP amounts in the mixture. When compared with the plant P recovery from TSP (10.52%), PR-P recovery (2.57%) was much lower even when mixed together in the ratio of 80% TSP: 20% PR. There was no difference in PR-P utilization by the corn plants with increasing P rates in the mixture (1:1 proportion). Therefore, PR-P availability is affected by the proportions of the mixtures with water soluble P, but not by P rates. (author)

Altura de manejo de papuã e propriedades de solo em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária

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Diego Bortolini

2013-08-01

Full Text Available No sul do Brasil, há ocorrência espontânea de papuã (Urochloa plantaginea (Link R.D. Webster, nas lavouras, no período de verão, sendo que essa planta possui grande potencial forrageiro. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar as alterações ocorridas nas características físicas e na matéria orgânica do solo, em pasto de papuã, com diferentes alturas de manejo, na presença e na ausência de pisoteio animal. O trabalho foi realizado na Estação Experimental do IAPAR, no município de Pato Branco, Paraná. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema bifatorial, com parcelas subdivididas, durante o período de pastejo. As parcelas receberam os níveis do fator altura de manejo de pasto de papuã (0,1; 0,2; 0,3 e 0,4 m, enquanto as subparcelas foram constituídas de áreas com (pastejadas por cabras e sem pisoteio animal (corte manual. Foram avaliados, após o período de pastejo, os teores de matéria orgânica, a densidade, a porosidade total, a macro e a microporosidades do solo. De maneira geral, a altura de manejo do papuã, na presença, ou não, de pisoteio animal, não alterou significativamente as características físicas e a matéria orgânica do solo, avaliadas após o primeiro ciclo de aplicação dos tratamentos. O pisoteio animal não causou compactação adicional e, mesmo com pastejo animal, os teores de matéria orgânica no solo mantiveram-se altos.

Exploration for uranium in Argentina: New policies of reactivation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bianchi, R.E.

2009-01-01

Pintada: prospection stage, volcano-sedimentary environment. Neuquina Basin area: prospection stage. Uranium anomalies hosted by sedimentary deposits. This area is being tested for the application of in-situ leaching techniques (LIS). Regional Patagonia, East Pichinan uranium District: it includes the Cerro Solo, El Ganso, Puesto Alvear, El Molino and Arroyo Perdido deposits hosted by sedimentary rocks. Exploration drilling and reserve evaluation are currently being developed in Cerro Solo, whereas exploration drilling is carried out in the other deposits. Laguna Colorada deposit: Corresponds to a volcano-sedimentary environment: an exploration-drilling program has been planned for this area. Mineralized areas Mirasol Norte, El Cruce, El Picahueso, La Salteada, El Curioso, Meseta Cuadrada, Sierra Cuadrada Norte and Sierra Cuadrada Sur, hosted by sedimentary rocks and Cerro Chivo, hosted by volcano-sedimentary rocks. Different stages of surface exploration are being performed in these areas. Mineralized areas Laguna Sirven and Primavera, calcrete-type of mineralization, are being explored by means of trenches. (author)

Vertebrate host specificity and experimental vectors of Plasmodium (Novyella) kempi sp. n. from the eastern wild turkey in Iowa.

Science.gov (United States)

Christensen, B M; Barnes, H J; Rowley, W A

1983-07-01

Vertebrate host specificity, experimental laboratory vectors, and a description of Plasmodium (Novyella) kempi sp. n. from eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris Vieillot) in Iowa are presented. Plasmodium kempi is infective for domestic turkeys, bobwhites (Colinus virginianus), chukars (Alectoris graeca), guinea fowl (Numida meleagris), peacocks (Pavo cristatus), and canaries (Serinus canaria), produces a transient infection in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and domestic geese (Anser anser), but will not infect ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), pigeons (Columba livia), Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix), leghorn white chickens (Gallus gallus), or starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Oocysts and (or) sporozoites were recovered from 68% (84/124) and 98% (60/61) of the Culex pipiens pipiens and C. tarsalis examined, respectively. Oocysts developed faster and sporozoites invaded the salivary glands sooner in C. tarsalis (6 days) than in C. p. pipiens (7 days). Culex tarsalis transmitted P. kempi more effectively than C. p. pipiens, although both species were capable of transmitting the parasite by natural feeding. Oocysts developed and sporozoites also were produced in C. restuans, but its ability to transmit the parasite was not determined. Aedes aegypti (Rockefeller strain) and A. triseriatus were refractive to P. kempi. Plasmodium kempi produces trophozoites with large refractile globules and fine cytoplasmic extensions, mature schizonts in the form of a condensed fan containing four to eight nuclei (usually 5), and elongate gametocytes with irregular borders. All stages are confined almost exclusively to mature erythrocytes, with no effect on host cell size or position of host cell nucleus. Plasmodium kempi is most similar morphologically to P. (Novyella) hexamerium and P. (Novyella) vaughani. It differs from P. hexamerium in having large refractile globules in trophozoites and immature schizonts, an inability to infect starlings, an absence of

Complete nucleotide sequence of the Coturnix chinensis (blue-breasted quail) mitochondrial genome and a phylogenetic analysis with related species.

Science.gov (United States)

Nishibori, M; Tsudzuki, M; Hayashi, T; Yamamoto, Y; Yasue, H

2002-01-01

Coturnix chinensis (blue-breasted quail) has been classically grouped in Galliformes Phasianidae Coturnix, based on morphologic features and biochemical evidence. Since the blue-breasted quail has the smallest body size among the species of Galliformes, in addition to a short generation time and an excellent reproductive performance, it is a possible model fowl for breeding and physiological studies of the Coturnix japonica (Japanese quail) and Gallus gallus domesticus (chicken), which are classified in the same family as blue-breasted quail. However, since its phylogenetic position in the family Phasianidae has not been determined conclusively, the sequence of the entire blue-breasted quail mitochondria (mt) genome was obtained to provide genetic information for phylogenetic analysis in the present study. The blue-breasted quail mtDNA was found to be a circular DNA of 16,687 base pairs (bp) with the same genomic structure as the mtDNAs of Japanese quail and chicken, though it is smaller than Japanese quail and chicken mtDNAs by 10 bp and 88 bp, respectively. The sequence identity of all mitochondrial genes, including those for 12S and 16S ribosomal RNAs, between blue-breasted quail and Japanese quail ranged from 84.5% to 93.5%; between blue-breasted quail and chicken, sequence identity ranged from 78.0% to 89.6%. In order to obtain information on the phylogenetic position of blue-breasted quail in Galliformes Phasianidae, the 2,184 bp sequence comprising NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and cytochrome b genes available for eight species in Galliformes [Japanese quail, chicken, Gallus varius (green junglefowl), Bambusicola thoracica (Chinese bamboo partridge), Pavo cristatus (Indian peafowl), Perdix perdix (gray partridge), Phasianus colchicus (ring-neck pheasant), and Tympanchus phasianellus (sharp-tailed grouse)] together with that of Aythya americana (redhead) were examined using a maximum likelihood (ML) method. The ML analyses on the first/second codon positions

Implementación del análisis de riesgo en la industria alimentaria mediante la metodología AMEF: enfoque práctico y conceptual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrés Cartín-Rojas

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El análisis de riesgo mediante el Análisis Modal de Efectos y Fallas (AMEF se aplicó y se incorporó en conjunto con el Análisis de Peligros y Puntos Críticos de Control (HACCP para establecer la evaluación de riesgos en una maquiladora de pavo deshuesado. En este trabajo se calculó y se predijo, por medio de la significancia del riesgo, la importancia de establecer medidas preventivas en las etapas de proceso más vulnerables. El cálculo de la significancia se realizó obteniendo el Índice de Criticidad (IC. Los puntos críticos de control se establecieron con la metodología del árbol de decisiones, que se enfocó en aquellas etapas que mostraron tener los valores más altos relativos al IC. Las principales causas posibles que generan una desviación de los puntos críticos de control fueron enlistadas y analizadas a través de un análisis causa-raíz, con el uso del diagrama de Ishikawa. La integración del análisis de riesgo dentro de un plan HACCP demostró proveer amplias ventajas que facilitan el control de los procesos de manufactura y el aseguramiento de la salud pública a los consumidores finales, al generar alimentos inocuos y de alta calidad, al tiempo que mejora el desempeño operacional del ciclo productivo. Se identificaron las etapas de almacenamiento y descongelación como los principales segmentos con tendencia a mostrar altos valores de IC. Las acciones correctivas sugeridas bajaron notablemente los valores del IC por debajo del límite aceptable. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran claramente la importancia de la incorporación de un buen sistema de control sistemático para la gestión de riesgos en la industria avícola.

Las corridas de toros en los pueblos mayas orientales. Una aproximación etnográfica Bullfights at Eastern Maya Towns. An Etnographic Approach

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Andrés Medina Hernández

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este ensayo realizamos una descripción de las corridas de toros en los pueblos mayas del oriente de Yucatán; la intención principal es situar esta expresión festiva en el contexto de los rituales que configuran las fiestas patronales, de tal manera que se destaque un hecho central: la profunda transformación de una fiesta de claros orígenes ibéricos en una manifestación profundamente entramada con una visión del mundo de raíz mesoamericana. Un eje de análisis es el que corresponde a las nociones de sacrificio que articulan los acontecimientos en el coso taurino con los más discretos que suceden en el interior de las casas de los dirigentes de los gremios, donde el sacrificio de puercos y pavos constituye la base de una gastronomía ritual. Otro más es el reconocimiento de referentes simbólicos espaciales y temporales de raíz mesoamericana que subyacen en todo el conjunto ritual que compone estas celebraciones de los mayas peninsulares.In this essay we describe bullfighting among the Maya peoples in eastern Yucatan. The fundamental aim is to situate this festive expression in the context of the rituals that shape the patron feasts, so as to stress a central fact: the transformation of a feast of clear Iberian origin into a manifestation that is deeply intertwined with a world vision of Mesoamerican ancestry. An analytical axis corresponds to the notions of sacrifice that articulate the events inside the bullring with those more discrete, that take place within the homes of the leaders of the guilds. Here, sacrifice of turkeys and pigs constitute the basis of a ritual gastronomy. Another axis is the acknowledgement of symbolic space and time referents of Mesoamerican origin underlying, as a whole, the ritual compound in these peninsular Mayan celebrations.

HSP90 and pCREB alterations are linked to mancozeb-dependent behavioral and neurodegenerative effects in a marine teleost

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zizza, Merylin; Di Lorenzo, Mariana; Laforgia, Vincenza; Furia, Emilia; Sindona, Giovanni; Canonaco, Marcello; Facciolo, Rosa Maria

2017-01-01

The pesticide mancozeb (mz) is recognized as a potent inducer of oxidative stress due to its ability to catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species plus inhibiting mitochondrial respiration thus becoming an environmental risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Despite numerous toxicological studies on mz have been directed to mammals, attention on marine fish is still lacking. Thus, it was our intention to evaluate neurobehavioral activities of ornate wrasses (Thalassoma pavo) exposed to 0.2 mg/l of mz after a preliminary screening test (0.07–0.3 mg/l). Treated fish exhibited an evident (p < 0.001) latency to reach T-maze arms (> 1000%) while exploratory attitudes (total arm entries) diminished (− 50%; p < 0.05) versus controls during spontaneous exploration tests. Moreover, they showed evident enhancements (+ 111%) of immobility in the cylinder test. Contextually, strong (− 88%; p < 0.01) reductions of permanence in light zone of the Light/Dark apparatus along with diminished crossings (− 65%) were also detected. Conversely, wrasses displayed evident enhancements (160%) of risk assessment consisting of fast entries in the dark side of this apparatus. From a molecular point of view, a notable activation (p < 0.005) of the brain transcription factor pCREB occurred during mz-exposure. Similarly, in situ hybridization supplied increased HSP90 mRNAs in most brain areas such as the lateral part of the dorsal telencephalon (Dl; + 68%) and valvula of the cerebellum (VCe; + 35%) that also revealed evident argyrophilic signals. Overall, these first indications suggest a possible protective role of the early biomarkers pCREB and HSP90 against fish toxicity. - Highlights: • Fish exposed to mancozeb exhibited an evident latency to reach T-maze arms. • Mancozeb caused immobility and reduction of explorative attitudes. • Fish exposed to mancozeb showed anxiogenic performances in the Light/Dark apparatus. • The brain of fish exposed to mancozeb supplied p

HSP90 and pCREB alterations are linked to mancozeb-dependent behavioral and neurodegenerative effects in a marine teleost

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zizza, Merylin [Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Biology, Ecology and Earth Science Department (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, 87036, CS (Italy); Di Lorenzo, Mariana; Laforgia, Vincenza [Department of Biology, Section of Evolutionary and Comparative Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples (Italy); Furia, Emilia; Sindona, Giovanni [Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies (DCTC), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, 87036, CS (Italy); Canonaco, Marcello [Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Biology, Ecology and Earth Science Department (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, 87036, CS (Italy); Facciolo, Rosa Maria, E-mail: rm.facciolo@unical.it [Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, Biology, Ecology and Earth Science Department (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Arcavacata of Rende, 87036, CS (Italy)

2017-05-15

The pesticide mancozeb (mz) is recognized as a potent inducer of oxidative stress due to its ability to catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species plus inhibiting mitochondrial respiration thus becoming an environmental risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Despite numerous toxicological studies on mz have been directed to mammals, attention on marine fish is still lacking. Thus, it was our intention to evaluate neurobehavioral activities of ornate wrasses (Thalassoma pavo) exposed to 0.2 mg/l of mz after a preliminary screening test (0.07–0.3 mg/l). Treated fish exhibited an evident (p < 0.001) latency to reach T-maze arms (> 1000%) while exploratory attitudes (total arm entries) diminished (− 50%; p < 0.05) versus controls during spontaneous exploration tests. Moreover, they showed evident enhancements (+ 111%) of immobility in the cylinder test. Contextually, strong (− 88%; p < 0.01) reductions of permanence in light zone of the Light/Dark apparatus along with diminished crossings (− 65%) were also detected. Conversely, wrasses displayed evident enhancements (160%) of risk assessment consisting of fast entries in the dark side of this apparatus. From a molecular point of view, a notable activation (p < 0.005) of the brain transcription factor pCREB occurred during mz-exposure. Similarly, in situ hybridization supplied increased HSP90 mRNAs in most brain areas such as the lateral part of the dorsal telencephalon (Dl; + 68%) and valvula of the cerebellum (VCe; + 35%) that also revealed evident argyrophilic signals. Overall, these first indications suggest a possible protective role of the early biomarkers pCREB and HSP90 against fish toxicity. - Highlights: • Fish exposed to mancozeb exhibited an evident latency to reach T-maze arms. • Mancozeb caused immobility and reduction of explorative attitudes. • Fish exposed to mancozeb showed anxiogenic performances in the Light/Dark apparatus. • The brain of fish exposed to mancozeb supplied p

Intoxicações por plantas diagnosticadas em ruminantes e equinos e estimativa das perdas econômicas na Paraíba Plant poisonings diagnosed in ruminants and horses and estimation of the economical losses in Paraíba

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Tales S. Assis

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um levantamento dos surtos de intoxicações por plantas em ruminantes e equinos diagnosticados no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV, do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, Paraíba, no período de 2000-2007. Em bovinos 7,4% dos diagnósticos realizados pelo LPV foram intoxicações por plantas. Foram diagnosticadas intoxicações por Centhraterum brachylepis (um surto, Brachiaria spp. (um surto, Crotalaria retusa (dois surtos, Ipomoea batatas (um surto, Marsdenia sp. (um surto, gramíneas contendo nitratos e nitritos (um surto por Echinochloa polystachya e dois surtos por Pennisetum purpureum, Palicourea aeneofusca (um surto, Prosopis juliflora (três surtos, Nerium oleander (um surto e Mimosa tenuiflora (sete surtos. Na espécie ovina 13% dos diagnósticos foram intoxicações por plantas. Os surtos foram causados por Ipomoea asarifolia (quatro surtos, Brachiaria spp. (três surtos, Crotalaria retusa (dois surtos, Tephrosia cinerea (dois surtos, Panicum dichotomiflorum (um surto, Mascagnia rigida (um surto e malformações associadas à ingestão de Mimosa tenuiflora (20 surtos. Nos caprinos, 6,4% dos diagnósticos corresponderam à intoxicação por plantas. Sete surtos foram causados por Mimosa tenuiflora, um por Ipomoea asarifolia, um por Ipomoea carnea, um por Ipomoea riedelli, três por Prosopis juliflora, um por Arrabidaea corallina, dois por Aspidosperma pyrifolium, dois por Turbina cordata e um por Opuntia ficus-indica. Na espécie equina 14% das doenças diagnosticadas foram devidas a intoxicações por plantas, sendo 12 surtos por Crotalaria retusa e um por Turbina cordata. As perdas na Paraíba por plantas tóxicas são estimadas em 3.895 bovinos, 8.374 ovinos, 6.390 caprinos e 366 equinos, que representam uma perda econômica anual, por morte de animais, de R$ 2.733.097,00. São relatados alguns aspectos epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos e patologia de surtos de

Esquistossomose: 1.000 pacientes tratados

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Pedro Aquino Noleto

1974-12-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam sua experiência com o hycanthone em 1.000 pacientes de esquistossomose mansônica, até agora tratados no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade do Estado da Guanabara. São pacientes oriundos de áreas endêmicas do País, especialmente do nordeste e sudeste, 53,9% do sexo masculino e 46,1% do sexo feminino, de idade entre 5 e 63 anos. A forma clínica predominante da parasitose foi a hépato-intestinal (96,8%. O medicamento foi administrado em dose única, na razão de 3 mg/kg de peso corporal, a 33.6% de pacientes internados e a 66 4% em regime de tratamento ambulatorial. Os níveis séricos das transaminases, determinados, para confronto, antes e depois do uso do produto, em 60 dos pacientes internados, não se alteraram, ou apenas sofreram elevações inexpressivas. Não houve efeitos colateriais em 42,3% dos pacientes. Nos demais, esses efeitos foram de pequena e média intentidade, duraram apenas o 19 dia, na maioria das vezes, e consisfram, especialmente, de náuseas e de vômitos. O controle de cura parasitária estabelecido compreendeu 4 exames de fezes - aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias do emprego do medicamento, o que já se fez em 330 pacientes (33%, com 99% de cura. Incluída a biópsia retal, sempre que foi possivel, por ocasião do 4º exame de fezes, o esquema funcionou até agora em 97 pacientes (9,7%, dos quais 92 (94% estão curados, segundo esse critério. O presente trabalho confirma a ação esquistossomicida do hycanthone, bem como sua boa tolerabilidade, inclusive no que se refere ao hepatócito. Os doentes, entretanto, devem ser criteriosamente selecionados, tendo-se em vista as contra-indicações conhecidas, de modo especial em relação ao fígado.

Doenças do sistema digestório de caprinos e ovinos no semiárido do Brasil

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Milena A. Aragão de Lira

2013-02-01

Full Text Available As doenças do sistema digestório de caprinos e ovinos na região semi-árida do nordeste do Brasil foram avaliadas através de um estudo retrospectivo de 2.144 atendimentos de pequenos ruminantes no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2011. Os registros foram revisados para determinar a ocorrência e as principais características clínicas, epidemiológicas e patológicas dessas enfermidades. De um total de 512 casos (23,9% de distúrbios digestivos, 367 (71,7% ocorreram em caprinos e 145 (28,3% em ovinos. As helmintoses gastrintestinais e a coccidiose foram as doenças mais frequentes, com um total de 330 casos. Os distúrbios da cavidade ruminoreticular (acidose, indigestão simples, timpanismo, e compactação ruminal totalizaram 94 casos. O abomaso foi afetado primária e secundariamente por úlceras. Casos de obstrução e compressão do trato gastrointestinal também foram observados. Malformações como atresia anal e fenda palatina foram registradas em ambas as espécies, sendo esta última associada à ingestão de Mimosa tenuiflora. Entre as doenças infecciosas foram observados cinco casos de ectima contagioso, dois casos de paratuberculose e dois casos de pitiose gastrointestinal. Em sete animais suspeitou-se de enterotoxemia e 31 casos foram diagnosticados como enterite inespecífica. A não utilização de práticas de controle integrado de parasitas e a utilização de alimentos inadequados durante o período de escassez de forragem contribuiu para a ocorrência de um grande número de doenças. A prática de conservação de forragens poderia reduzir substancialmente a ocorrência de distúrbios digestivos na região semiárida.

Natural lectin activity in the haemolymph of Panstrogylus megistus (Heteroptera: Reduvidae Atividade lectínica na hemolinfa de Panstrongylus megistus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae

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Y. M. Gomes

1988-12-01

Full Text Available The haemolymph of Panstrongylus megistus showed a natural lectin activity for a wide range of vertebrate erythocytes. Agglutination was observed against all vertebrate erythrocytes tested (human ABO, duck, rabbit, mouse, sheep, chicken and cow. Cow erythrocytes showed the lowest titre. Concerning human erythrocytes, the lectin activity was similar in the types A+,B+ and AB+ while the highest activity was observed in the type O+. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations was carried out with human erythrocytes type O+. Agglutination was inhibited by several carbohydrates (rhamnose. D-galatose, raffinose, D-lactose and D-fucose. Rhamnose wasreported as the strongest inhibitor (0.78mM. The results suggest the presence of more than one lection in the haemolymph of P. megistus.A hemolinfa de Panstrongylus megistus mostrou uma atividade lectínica natural para eritrócitos de vários vertebrados e não mostrou especificidade para os diversos tipos de eritrócitos testados (humano ABO, pato, coelho,c amundongo,carneiro, galinha e boi. Com relação aos eritrócitos humanos a atividade lectínica foi similar nos tipos A+, B+ e AB+ enquanto a atividade mais alta foi observada no tipo O+. O título de aglutinação entre eritrócitos animais não mostrou diferença apreciável, excluindo eritrócitos de boi, que apresentaram o título mmais baixo. A determinação da concentração mínima de inibição foi realizada com eritrócitos humanos O+. A aglutinação foi inibida por vários carboidratos (ramnose, D-dalactose, rafinose, D-lactose e D-fucose. A ramnose foi o inibidor mais potente (0,78 mM. Os resultados sugerem a presença de mais de uma lectina na hemolinfa de P. megistus.

AS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS SOBRE O CONCEITO E A IMPORTÂNCIA DO ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA

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Maria da Penha Vieira Marçal

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O presente estudo é resultado das discussões acerca do conceito e da importância do ensino de Geografia na disciplina de Conteúdo e Metodologia do Ensino de Geografia, ministrada no 6º Período do Curso de Pedagogia do Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas em 2008. Este trabalho busca contribuir com algumas reflexões sobre o ensino de Geografia a partir do seu conceito como disciplina comprometida em tornar o mundo compreensível, explicável e passível de transformações pelas sociedades que nele vivem. Para efetivar a pesquisa utilizamos a metodologia das representações sociais. A análise dos dados foi organizada em categorias, considerando a Geografia Tradicional e Crítica. Verificamos que a maioria das alunas tem uma representação social do ensino de Geografia como uma disciplina destinada a fornecer informações soltas sobre as partes do mundo. Esse “ensino de Geografia��? se sustenta nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Geografia Tradicional, com bases filosóficas no Positivismo. Defendemos que os docentes que ministram as metodologias de ensino nos cursos de formação de professores com habilitação para atuar nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental, tenham formação específica na área do conteúdo em que ministra. Concluímos afirmando que o ensino de Geografia deve permitir a decodificação da realidade sob o olhar espacial e que nas séries iniciais é, por excelência, uma disciplina que, junto com as demais da área de ciências humanas, favorece o processo de alfabetização da criança ao aprender a ler e escrever a partir do mundo e da vida. Palavras chave: Ensino de Geografia. Metodologia de ensino. Representação social.

Lead and stable Pb-isotope characteristics of tropical soils in north-eastern Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schucknecht, Anne; Matschullat, Jörg; Reimann, Clemens

2011-01-01

Stable Pb-isotope ratios are widely used as tracers for Pb-sources in the environment. Recently, a few publications have challenged the predominating view of environmental applications of Pb-isotopes. Present applications of Pb-isotopic tracers in soils largely represent the northern hemisphere. This study focuses on tropical soils from Paraíba, north-eastern Brazil. Lead concentrations and Pb-isotopic signatures (both 7N HNO 3 ) were determined at 30 sites along a 327 km E–W-transect, from the Atlantic coast at João Pessoa to some kilometers west of Patos, to identify possible processes for the observed (and anticipated) distribution pattern. Thirty samples each of litter (ORG) and top mineral soil (TOP) were taken on pasture land at suitable distance from roads or other potential contamination sources. Lead-content was determined by inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and the ratios of 206 Pb/ 207 Pb, 206 Pb/ 208 Pb, and 208 Pb/ 207 Pb by ICP-sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS). Both sample materials show similarly low Pb-concentrations with a lower median in the ORG samples (ORG 3.4 mg kg −1 versus TOP 6.9 mg kg −1 ). The 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratios revealed a large spread along the transect with median 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratios of 1.160 (ORG) and 1.175 (TOP). The 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratios differ noticeably between sample sites located in the Atlantic Forest biome along the coast and sample sites in the inland Caatinga biome. The “forest” sites were characterised by a significant lower median and a lower spread in the 206 Pb/ 207 Pb and 206 Pb/ 208 Pb ratios compared to the Caatinga sites. Results indicate a very restricted influence of anthropogenic activities (individual sites only). The main process influencing the spatial variability of Pb-isotope ratios is supposed to be precipitation-dependent bioproductivity and weathering.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO FUNCIONAL E NUTRICIONAL DE UM ISOLADO PROTÉICO OBTIDO A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS DE CAMARÃO ROSA (Farfantepenaeus paulensis

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P. G. COSTA

2008-11-01

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Os resíduos da industrialização de camarão rosa em Rio Grande, sul do Brasil, geram problemas de poluição ambiental devido ao seu descarte próximo à Laguna dos Patos. Estes resíduos apresentam vários componentes de interesse: quitina, proteína e astaxantina. O objetivo do trabalho foi obter um isolado protéico a partir de resíduos da industrialização do camarão rosa e estudar suas propriedades funcionais e nutricionais. O isolado protéico apresentou 33,2% de solubilidade em pH alcalino e a capacidade de retenção de água apresentou maior percentual (1,9g H2O/ g proteína em pH ácido (2,0 e temperatura de 50ºC, capacidade de retenção de óleo de 0,9g óleo/ g proteína; capacidade de formação de espuma de 237,1% e estabilidade da espuma de 75,7%. O isolado protéico apresentou 89,0% de proteína (b.s. e coeficiente de digestibilidade "in vivo" de 82,5%. Os aminoácidos essenciais presentes em maior concentração foram leucina (5,9%, lisina (5,0% e isoleucina (3,8%, apresentando 1,9% de metionina, indicando potencial muito bom para utilização em formulações protéicas de alimentos.

Frequência dos antígenos eritrocitários do sistema AB em felinos domésticos no estado da Paraíba

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Rodrigo de S. Mendes

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a frequência de antígenos eritrocitários do sistema AB em felinos domésticos da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 178 gatos, clinicamente saudáveis, sem pré-requisitos quanto a sexo ou raça, com peso corporal acima de 1,5 kg e faixa etária acima de um ano de idade, abordados no ato da consulta ambulatorial em clínicas médicas de pequenos animais distribuídas entre três cidades da Paraíba (João Pessoa, Campina Grande e Patos. A determinação dos tipos sanguíneos foi realizada através do teste de hemaglutinação em tubo de ensaio e, a tipagem reversa foi realizada para as amostras tipos B e AB para confirmação e evidenciação de aloanticorpos naturais. Neste estudo a frequência relativa de antígenos eritrocitários A, B e AB em sua totalidade para felinos sem raça foram 98,1%, 1,21% e 0,69%, respectivamente. Todos os felinos com definição racial foram do tipo sanguíneo A. Diante destes, a probabilidade de ocorrência de reações transfusionais aleatórias obtidas foi de 2,78%, sendo cerca 40% (1,11% potencialmente fatais. Desta forma, dado o conhecimento da frequência dos diferentes tipos sanguíneos em felinos, de uma determinada região, conclui-se que a tipagem sanguínea e o teste de compatibilidade, são importantes ferramentas que permitem ao médico veterinário tomar medidas preventivas que minimizem riscos de ocorrência de reações transfusionais e isoeletrólise neonatal e, estabelece pré-requisitos a respeito dos riscos de procedimentos hemoterápicos em felinos que circunstancialmente necessitem serem conduzidos de forma aleatória.

Sequencing, physical organization and kinetic expression of the patulin biosynthetic gene cluster from Penicillium expansum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tannous, J.; El Khoury, R.; El Khoury, A.; Lteif, R.; Snini, S.; Lippi, Y.; Oswald, I.; Olivier, P.; Atoui, A.

2014-01-01

Patulin is a polyketide-derived mycotoxin produced by numerous filamentous fungi. Among them, Penicillium expansum is by far the most problematic species. This fungus is a destructive phytopathogen capable of growing on fruit, provoking the blue mold decay of apples and producing significant amounts of patulin. The biosynthetic pathway of this mycotoxin is chemically well-characterized, but its genetic bases remain largely unknown with only few characterized genes in less economic relevant species. The present study consisted of the identification and positional organization of the patulin gene cluster in P. expansum strain NRRL 35695. Several amplification reactions were performed with degenerative primers that were designed based on sequences from the orthologous genes available in other species. An improved genome Walking approach was used in order to sequence the remaining adjacent genes of the cluster. RACE-PCR was also carried out from mRNAs to determine the start and stop codons of the coding sequences. The patulin gene cluster in P. expansum consists of 15 genes in the following order: patH, patG, patF, patE, patD, patC, patB, patA, patM, patN, patO, patL, patI, patJ, and patK. These genes share 60–70% of identity with orthologous genes grouped differently, within a putative patulin cluster described in a non-producing strain of Aspergillus clavatus. The kinetics of patulin cluster genes expression was studied under patulin-permissive conditions (natural apple-based medium) and patulin-restrictive conditions (Eagle's minimal essential medium), and demonstrated a significant association between gene expression and patulin production. In conclusion, the sequence of the patulin cluster in P. expansum constitutes a key step for a better understanding of themechanisms leading to patulin production in this fungus. It will allow the role of each gene to be elucidated, and help to define strategies to reduce patulin production in apple-based products

The 'Pajeu-Paraiba System' and the Sao Jose do Campestre 'Massif' in Eastern Borborema

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neves, Benjamim Bley de Brito; Campos Neto, Mario da Costa

2001-01-01

The best areas of exposures of the Pajeu-Paraiba Folding System (SPP) are in the western hinterland of Pernambuco, but the northern part of it - the so-called Alto Pajeu Terrane (TAP) - reaches the coastal zone of Paraiba (east of the 36 deg 00 ' W). This supra crustal terrane is positioned between important regional shear zones that separate it from high grade gneiss domains. To the north, there is the Rio Grande do Norte Terrane (RON)- separated by the Patos Lineament- and to the south there is the exposition of another important fraction of the basement of SPP, the Alto Moxoto Terrane (TAM). Both RON and TAM are considered mega-fragments of a previous Paleo proterozoic super continent, while TAP is assumed as a descendant segment of the Meso-Neo proterozoic orogenic belt, probably part of the super continent of that time (Rodinia). All these Nterranes are now juxtaposed and they were deeply reworked by the development of the Brasiliano Cycle, during the amalgamation of the Western Gondwana super continent. The TAP is mostly composed of muscovite-biotite gneisses (a), garnet-biotite-schists (b), intruded by augen-gneisses of granitic and syenogranitic composition (c) which are lithological assemblages of Eoneoproterozoic age (Cariris Velhos Cycle). They were diversely reworked and penetrated by granitoids (d) of the Brasiliano Cycle (as well as RGN has been), specially plutonic rocks of the end of Neo proterozoic III. These predominant rock-units (a, b, c) are positioned between major regional dextral shear zones, and their regional features are drawing an wide fan-sinformal structure, due to the Brasiliano reworking. Geochronological determinations -Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb methods- confirm the Paleoproterozoic age of the RGN and its reworking during the Brasiliano, as well as the early Neo proterozoic age (Cariris Velhos Cycle) for the main rock units of TAP. Granitic plutonism and processes of shearing are common events of the Brasiliano Cycle for both, RGN and

Marked spatial gradient in the topographic evolution of the Andes spanning the Chilean flat-slab transition: evidence from stable isotope paleoaltimetry and zircon double dating

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Hoke, G. D.; McPhillips, D. F.; Giambiagi, L.; Garzione, C. N.; Mahoney, J. B.; Strecker, M. R.

2015-12-01

The major changes in the subduction angle of the Nazca plate are often hypothesized to have important consequences for the tectonic evolution of the Andes. Temporal and spatial patterns of topographic growth and exhumation are indicators that should help elucidate any linkages to subduction angle. Here, we combine observations from stable isotope paleoaltimetry with detrital zircon double dating between 30 and 35°S to demonstrate a consistent increase in surface and rock uplift in the Andes south of 32°S. The stable isotope data are from Miocene pedogenic carbonates collected from seven different basin sequences spanning different tectonic and topographic positions in the range. Paleoelevations between 1 km and 1.9 km are calculated using modern local isotope-elevation gradients along with carbonate-formation temperatures determined from clumped isotope studies in modern soils. Present day, low elevation foreland localities were at their present elevations during the Miocene, while three of the intermontane basins experienced up to 2 km of surface uplift between the end of deposition during the late Miocene and present. Detrital zircon (U-Th-Sm)/He and U-Pb double dating in three modern drainage basins (Tunuyán, Arroyo Grande and Río de los Patos) reveals clear Miocene exhumation signals south of the flat slab with no recent exhumation apparent at 32°S. The exhumation pattern is consistent with paleoaltimetry results. Interestingly, the maximum inferred surface uplift is greatest where the crust is thinnest, and the timing of the observed changes in elevation and exhumation has not been linked to any documented episodes of large-magnitude crustal shortening in the eastern half of the range. The spatial pattern of surface uplift and exhumation seems to mimic the Pampean flat slab's geometry, however, it could be equally well explained by eastward migration of a crustal root via ductile deformation in the lower crust and is not related to flat-slab subduction.

Tendências observadas em indicadores de extremos climáticos de temperatura e precipitação no estado do Paraná

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Wanderson Luiz Silva

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho faz uma análise das tendências de extremos climáticos baseada em indicadores calculados a partir de séries de dados observacionais diários de temperatura e de precipitação durante 35 anos em 20 estações meteorológicas do IAPAR, no Estado do Paraná. O objetivo é contribuir para estudos sobre avaliação de impactos e vulnerabilidade climática, requeridos para elaborar estratégias de adaptação às mudanças climáticas. Inicialmente as climatologias de temperatura do ar e de precipitação no Estado são revisitas. Com relação às tendências de extremos climáticos, os resultados dos indicadores associados à temperatura apontam para um padrão de aquecimento generalizado estatisticamente significativo em grande parte do Paraná. A porcentagem de dias e noites quentes no Estado aumentou consideravelmente a uma taxa de 0,1 a 0,4 %/ano entre 1976 e 2010. As médias anuais das temperaturas mínimas e máximas indicam uma elevação em quase todo o Paraná em torno de +0,02°C/ano no mesmo período. Os indicadores de temperatura mínima apresentam tendências de aumento mais significativas que os de temperatura máxima. Por outro lado, a maior parte dos indicadores de extremos climáticos associados à precipitação não apresenta significância estatística, com exceção de alguns poucos em distintas regiões do Estado. Destes, destacam-se apenas as tendências de elevação nos períodos secos (+0,25 mm/ano em Pato Branco e Planalto no sudoeste do Paraná e de redução das chuvas fortes (-0,5 mm/ano em Cambará, Ibiporã e Umuarama no norte do Estado.

ARTEFACTOS DE USO DIARIO REPRESENTADOS EN LA COLECCIÓN CERÁMICA DEL ARROYO LEYES: SU EMPLEO EN LA DETERMINACIÓN DE CRONOLOGÍA / Daily use artifacts represented in the Arroyo de Leyes pottery collection: their use in the determination of chronology

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Carlos Natalio Ceruti

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Se analizan artefactos de uso diario (implementos para mate, una alcancía, un vaso de cuerno y una “canasta” para el juego del pato representados en la colección cerámica del sitio Los Zapallos, sobre el Arroyo Leyes (departamento Garay, provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Se describen los elementos, localizados en un contexto considerado prima facie como obra de individuos esclavizados pertenecientes a vecinos de Santa Fe la Vieja (siglo XVII; pero que también puede contener materiales correspondientes a las culturas indígenas contemporáneas o anteriores a la conquista; a los siglos XVIII-XIX, y “falsificaciones” de comienzos del siglo XX. Se intenta ubicar cada uno de ellos en la escala temporal a partir del análisis de pasta y decoración de la pieza, y de la consistencia argumental derivada de la documentación escrita.   Palabras clave: Arroyo Leyes, arqueología de la esclavitud, Santa Fe la Vieja, cronología Daily use artifacts represented in the Arroyo de Leyes pottery collection: their use in the determination of chronology Abstract The presence of daily-use artifacts (implements for mate infusion, a money box, a horn cup and a “basket” used for the duck game represented in the ceramic collection of Los Zapallos site, Arroyo Leyes (Garay Department, Santa Fe Province, Argentina is analyzed. In this paper different elements are described, placed in a context considered in prima facie as resulting from the labor of enslaved individuals belonging to neighbors of Santa Fe la Vieja (XVIIth century, but that also may contain materials corresponding to contemporary or pre-conquest native cultures, to XVIII-XIXth centuries, and to “falsifications” of the early XXth century. On the basis of paste and piece decoration, and of argumental consistency derived from written documents, an attempt to place each element on the time scale is made. Keywords: Arroyo Leyes, archaeology of slavery, Santa Fe la Vieja, chronology

The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations.

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Bandrowski, Anita; Brinkman, Ryan; Brochhausen, Mathias; Brush, Matthew H; Bug, Bill; Chibucos, Marcus C; Clancy, Kevin; Courtot, Mélanie; Derom, Dirk; Dumontier, Michel; Fan, Liju; Fostel, Jennifer; Fragoso, Gilberto; Gibson, Frank; Gonzalez-Beltran, Alejandra; Haendel, Melissa A; He, Yongqun; Heiskanen, Mervi; Hernandez-Boussard, Tina; Jensen, Mark; Lin, Yu; Lister, Allyson L; Lord, Phillip; Malone, James; Manduchi, Elisabetta; McGee, Monnie; Morrison, Norman; Overton, James A; Parkinson, Helen; Peters, Bjoern; Rocca-Serra, Philippe; Ruttenberg, Alan; Sansone, Susanna-Assunta; Scheuermann, Richard H; Schober, Daniel; Smith, Barry; Soldatova, Larisa N; Stoeckert, Christian J; Taylor, Chris F; Torniai, Carlo; Turner, Jessica A; Vita, Randi; Whetzel, Patricia L; Zheng, Jie

2016-01-01

The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) is an ontology that provides terms with precisely defined meanings to describe all aspects of how investigations in the biological and medical domains are conducted. OBI re-uses ontologies that provide a representation of biomedical knowledge from the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) project and adds the ability to describe how this knowledge was derived. We here describe the state of OBI and several applications that are using it, such as adding semantic expressivity to existing databases, building data entry forms, and enabling interoperability between knowledge resources. OBI covers all phases of the investigation process, such as planning, execution and reporting. It represents information and material entities that participate in these processes, as well as roles and functions. Prior to OBI, it was not possible to use a single internally consistent resource that could be applied to multiple types of experiments for these applications. OBI has made this possible by creating terms for entities involved in biological and medical investigations and by importing parts of other biomedical ontologies such as GO, Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) and Phenotype Attribute and Trait Ontology (PATO) without altering their meaning. OBI is being used in a wide range of projects covering genomics, multi-omics, immunology, and catalogs of services. OBI has also spawned other ontologies (Information Artifact Ontology) and methods for importing parts of ontologies (Minimum information to reference an external ontology term (MIREOT)). The OBI project is an open cross-disciplinary collaborative effort, encompassing multiple research communities from around the globe. To date, OBI has created 2366 classes and 40 relations along with textual and formal definitions. The OBI Consortium maintains a web resource (http://obi-ontology.org) providing details on the people, policies, and issues being addressed

USO E DEGRADAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS NO SEMIÁRIDO BRASILEIRO: estudo na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Rio Farinha, Paraíba, Brasil

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Irenaldo Pereira de Araújo

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Este estudo avaliou a utilização e conservação dos recursos naturais e elencou estratégias de convivência desenvolvidas na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Rio Farinha, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil, circunscrita entre as coordenadas geográficas 07º01’39” a 07º16’50” de latitude Sul e 36º43’41” a 37º16’28” de longitude a Oeste de Greenwich, área de 822,7 Km², que integra a Bacia Hidrográfica Piranhas-Açu. A metodologia empregada embasou-se na técnica de estudo de caso, com emprego de técnicas de geoprocessamento e pesquisa de campo. Compreendeu a execução de quatro etapas. A primeira referiu-se à delimitação da Microbacia Hidrográfica do Rio Farinha; a segunda à identificação dos impactos ambientais difusos. A terceira etapa constou do levantamento e análise preliminar de três áreas com impactos ambientais pontuais: atividade mineradora no Município de Salgadinho, cultivos agrícolas no Município de Teixeira e deposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos do município de Patos. A quarta e ultima etapa constou da apresentação das alternativas de convivência com o semiárido implantadas na área de estudo. Identificou-se que as atividades antrópicas desconsideram os impactos que possam ocorrer à jusante das referidas atividades, os monocultivos, a prática da mineração, a deposição de resíduos sólidos e líquidos são exemplos destas atividades realizadas sem o uso de medidas mitigadoras. Palavras-chave: Degradação Ambiental – Captação e Armazenamento de Águas Pluviais – Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos – Atividade Mineradora.

Using Horizontal Wells for Chemical EOR: Field Cases

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E. Delamaide

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Primary production of heavy oil in general only achieves a recovery of less than 10% OOIP. Waterflooding has been applied for a number of years in heavy oil pools and can yield much higher recovery but the efficiency of the process diminishes when viscosity is above a few hundreds cp with high water-cuts and the need to recycle significant volumes of water; in addition, significant quantities of oil are still left behind. To increase recovery beyond that, Enhanced Oil Recovery methods are needed. Thermal methods such as steam injection or Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD are not always applicable, in particular when the pay is thin and in that case chemical EOR can be an alternative. The two main chemical EOR processes are polymer and Alkali-Surfactant-Polymer (ASP flooding. The earlier records of field application of polymer injection in heavy oil fields date from the 1970’s however; the process had seen very few applications until recently. ASP in heavy oil has seen even fewer applications. A major specificity of chemical EOR in heavy oil is that the highly viscous oil bank is difficult to displace and that injectivity with vertical wells can be limited, particularly in thin reservoirs which are the prime target for chemical EOR. This situation has changed with the development of horizontal drilling and as a result, several chemical floods in heavy oil have been implemented in the past 10 years, using horizontal wells. The goal of this paper is to present some of the best documented field cases. The most successful and largest of these is the Pelican Lake polymer flood in Canada, operated by CNRL and Cenovus which is currently producing over 60,000 bbl/d. The Patos Marinza polymer flood by Bankers Petroleum in Albania and the Mooney project (polymer, ASP by BlackPearl (again in Canada are also worthy of discussion.

Comparação de métodos de condução de populações segregantes do feijoeiro

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RAPOSO FRANCISLEI VITTI

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A eficiência de cinco métodos de condução de populações segregantes foi comparada na cultura do feijoeiro. Para isso foi utilizada a população segregante do cruzamento entre as cultivares Carioca x Flor de Mayo. Foram comparados os métodos genealógico, populacional ou bulk, descendentes de uma única semente ou single seed descent (SSD, bulk dentro de F3 e bulk dentro de F2, os quais foram conduzidos conforme o preconizado em relação a cada método. Os métodos foram avaliados em dois locais: Lavras, no sul de Minas Gerais, e Patos de Minas, localizado na região do Alto São Francisco. Utilizou-se delineamento látice triplo 18 x 18. Foram avaliadas 320 famílias: 64, derivadas de cada um dos métodos, os genitores, e mais duas testemunhas. Com os dados de produtividade de grãos (g/parcela, foram obtidas estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos. Os principais critérios utilizados nas comparações foram o desempenho médio das famílias, o ganho esperado com diferentes intensidades de seleção, e o número de famílias em cada método com desempenho superior a um determinado padrão. Não houve diferenças marcantes entre os métodos, na obtenção de famílias superiores, ou seja: se conduzidos corretamente, todos os métodos permitem sucesso com a seleção. Contudo, considerando as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos, juntamente com a facilidade e flexibilidade de condução, os métodos do bulk e do SSD foram os mais vantajosos.

Male sexual polymorphism, alternative reproductive tactics, and androgens in combtooth blennies (pisces: blenniidae).

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Oliveira, R F; Canario, A V; Grober, M S

2001-09-01

In species in which intense intermale competition for the access to females is present males of lower competitive ability may adopt alternative reproductive tactics (ART) to get access to mates. These ART translate in many cases into male sexual polymorphism, with individuals following distinctly different tactics. Usually two alternative male morphs can be recognized in species with ART: (1) bourgeois males that compete for access to mates invest in typically male behaviors, such as building elaborated nests or displaying ornaments; and (2) parasitic males that take advantage of the success of the bourgeois males in attracting females and attempt "sneaker" fertilizations (e.g., sneaker and satellite males). In combtooth blennies (Blenniidae) the co-occurrence of ART and male sexual polymorphism has been described for two temperate species: the peacock blenny, Salaria pavo, and the Azorean rock-pool blenny, Parablennius sanguinolentus parvicornis. Interestingly, while in the peacock blenny the alternative male morph adopts a sneaker tactic, in the rock-pool blenny parasitic males act as satellites to nest-holder males. Thus, this variation in the ART expressed in these two closely related species allows for a comparative study of the proximate and ultimate factors affecting the expression of the two ART. In this article we summarize the available information on androgen levels in bourgeois and parasitic males of natural populations of the two species and of recent studies on the effect of exogenous administration of androgens on tactic switching in parasitic males of the two species. The information is discussed within the frame of the relative plasticity hypothesis, which predicts that plastic alternative morphs should show differences in hormone levels and that the administration of sex steroids should be effective in promoting the switch from the parasitic to bourgeois tactic. The evidence is only partly consistent with this hypothesis. Alternatively, a social

Post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain: links between psycho and patho(logie - Trastorno de estrés postraumático y dolor crónico: nexos entre psico y pato(logía

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Alicia E. López Martínez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The primary aim of this paper is to provide a brief review of the existing literature investigating the relationship between chronic pain and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PSTD. There is a growing body of research that indicates that PSTD and chronic pain frequently co-occur, and that both conditions may interact in such a way as to negatively impact the course and outcome of the treatment of either disorder. People with both health problems tend to have greater distress and impairment compared to those with only one of these conditions. In recent years, several important conceptual developments and potential mechanisms have been proposed on how and why these disorders often co-occur and how they can interact with one another. The research suggests that variables such as fear and avoidance, anxiety sensitivity, and catastrophizing, as well as general and specific psychological and biological features, may help account for the development and maintenance of both conditions.

Temporal variability of the bivalve Erodona mactroides BOSC, 1802 during and after the El Niño phenomenon (2002/2003 in a subtropical lagoon, southern Brazil Variabilidade temporal do bivalve Erodona mactroides BOSC, 1802 durante e após o fenômeno El Niño (2002/2003 em uma laguna subtropical, sul do Brasil

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Leonir André Colling

2010-12-01

Full Text Available AIM: The aim of this work was to study the relationships between temporal variability of Erodona mactroides and abiotic parameters of the water column and the substrate in a shallow embayment of the Patos Lagoon estuarine region in southern Brazil; METHODS: Samples were taken with a PVC corer (10 cm diameter buried 10 cm into the sediment between October 2002 and December 2004. Each month 18 biologic samples were taken, six substrate samples were analyzed for sediment grain size and organic matter content and sediment deposition rates were determined by 12 sediment traps every two weeks. Salinity, water temperature, water level and estuarine freshwater discharge were measured daily. Abiotic parameters and bivalve densities were tested among months with registered mortality events by ANOVA (One-way, p = 0.05, being the E. mactroides seasonal variability tested by Kruskal-Wallis (p = 0.05. Regression analyses among abiotic parameters and Spearman's "R" correlation analyses between biological and environmental data were both performed; RESULTS: Two periods were identified with distinct features: one at the beginning of the study when observed limnetic conditions in the estuarine region were caused by the ENSO - El Niño 2002/2003 phenomenon when an absence of E. mactroides was registered as well as a higher percentages of fine sediments and lower percentages of organic matter. The second period was characterized by a decreasing influence of the El Niño and predominance of mixohaline conditions, recruitments and increasing densities of E. mactroides with a successive decrease of mean densities due to three mortality events, lower percentages of fine sediments and higher percentages of organic matter; CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides evidences that the occurrence of E. mactroides in the southern estuarine region depends on the water flow regime from the drainage basin, which characterizes species recruitment as temporally unpredictable and

Doenças parasitárias em ruminantes no semi-árido brasileiro Parasitic diseases in ruminants in the Brazilian semiarid

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Valéria Medeiros de M. Costa

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Arquivos de fichas clínicas de ruminantes ou amostras para diagnósticos recebidos pelo Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Campina Grande, em Patos, Paraíba, de janeiro 2000 a agosto 2007, foram revisados para avaliar alguns aspectos epidemiológicos de doenças parasitárias de ruminantes na região semi-árida da Paraíba e estados vizinhos. A região apresenta precipitações médias anuais de aproximadamente 800mm, com chuvas irregulares concentradas em um período de 3-4 meses e uma temperatura média anual de 26°C. No período, 163 (5,31% de 3.064 ruminantes foram afetados por alguma doença parasitária clinica. A doença parasitária mais frequente em caprinos e ovinos foi a helmitose gastrointestinal, principalmente a hemonchose, e caprinos foram mais afetados (6,24% dos casos diagnosticados do que os ovinos (4,7% dos casos diagnosticados. A maior freqüência da doença nos caprinos pode estar associada à maior susceptibilidade destes ou devido a erros no tratamento, como a utilização da mesma dose para as duas espécies, o que para a maioria dos anti-antihelmínticos é insuficiente para caprinos. Bovinos tiveram uma baixa freqüência de helmintoses gastrintestinais (1 de 1.113 casos. Esta baixa freqüência deveu-se, provavelmente, ao sistema de criação no semi-árido, com baixa taxa de lotação, até um animal adulto por hectare a cada 13-16 hectare, e a permanência de bezerros (suscetíveis com as mães (resistentes por períodos de até um ano antes da desmama. A ocorrência de eimeriose em caprinos e ovinos foi de 0,76% dos casos, envolvendo apenas os animais jovens. Em bovinos a principal doença foi à tristeza parasitária com 14 surtos. Os surtos de tristeza ocorreram principalmente no final do período chuvoso em áreas de desequilíbrio enzoótico incluindo as montanhas e planaltos da região da Borborema, áreas irrigadas, e áreas das bacias do Rio do Peixe e Rio Piranhas. Nas áreas mais secas do semi

Influência da dieta com diferentes níveis de lipídeo e proteína na resposta fisiológica e hematológica de reprodutores caprinos sob estresse térmico Influence of diet with different levels of lipid and protein in the physiologic and hematological responses of buck goat under thermal stress

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Gustavo de Assis Silva

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Campus de Patos-PB. Com o objetivo de verificar se dietas com diferentes níveis de lipídeo e proteína no período mais quente do ano (Novembro a Dezembro influenciam na resposta fisiológica e hematológica de reprodutores caprinos sob estresse térmico. Foram utilizados 27 reprodutores caprinos, mestiços de Anglo-Nubiano com caprinos sem raça definida (SRD. Distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado no esquema fatorial 3 x 3 x 2, três níveis de lipídeos (2, 4 e 6%, três níveis de proteína (12, 15 e 18% e dois turnos (manhã e tarde com três repetições. Alimentados com dietas balanceadas compostas por: farelos de milho, trigo e soja, feno de Tifton (Cynodon spp., mistura mineral e como fonte de lipídeo óleo de girassol. As leituras dos dados meteorológicos foram realizadas duas vezes por dia às 9:00 horas da manhã e às 15:00 horas da tarde. Os parâmetros fisiológicos: temperatura retal (TR, freqüência respiratória (FR e temperatura superficial (TS foram aferidos dois dias por semana nos dois turnos às 9:00 horas da manhã e às 15:00 horas da tarde. Foi coletada uma amostra de sangue, para a realização de eritrograma. As médias das temperaturas foram de 37,21 ºC para a máxima e 25,25 ºC para a mínima. Os valores do índice temperatura do globo negro e umidade (ITGU para os turnos da manhã e tarde foram de 80,16 e 87,17, respectivamente. Não se verificou efeito (P>0,05 das dietas sobre os parâmetros TR e FR. Com relação ao fator turno houve efeito significativo (P0,05 das dietas sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos, hematócrito (HT, eritrócitos (ER, hemoglobina (HB, hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM e volume globular médio (VGM. Os diferentes níveis de proteína e lipídeo na dieta não exerceram efeito sobre os parâmetros fisiológicos e hematológicos dos animais estudados nas

Coastal waterbirds of El Chorro and Majahuas, Jalisco, México, during the non-breeding season, 1995-1996

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Salvador Hernández-Vázquez

2001-03-01

Full Text Available We studied how waterbirds used two small estuaries during the non-breeding season of 1995-1996. These estuaries, El Chorro and Majahuas, were located in the middle of a large span of non-wetland habitat along the Pacific coast of México. Whereas El Chorro was basically a large and open waterbody, Majahuas was a long and narrow corridor flanked by mangroves. The two estuaries had 77 species throughout our study, but shared only 58, due to differences in their habitat. Seabirds comprised 66% of all the birds; grebes, ducks and rails 16%; shorebirds 12% and herons and egrets 5%. During late winter and early spring a very reduced number of migratory species accounted for the dominance of seabirds. Sterna hirundo and Phalacrocorax brasilianus accounted for 40 and 33%, respectively, of all the seabirds. Opening or closure of the estuary mouth at El Chorro affected the bird communities at both sites, by exposing or inundating a large mudflat in that estuary. Overall, however, time of the year was more important in the composition of the bird assemblages. Both estuaries should be considered as a single unit.Durante la estación no reproductiva de 1995-1996 estudiamos las aves acuáticas de los estuarios El Chorro y Majahuas, Jalisco, México. El Chorro es un cuerpo de agua más abierto, mientras que Majahuas está formado por canales rodeados por manglares. Registramos 77 especies de aves. Las aves marinas comprendieron el 66%, los patos y similares el 16%, las aves playeras el 12% y las garzas el 5%. Sterna hirundo y Phalacrocorax brasilianus representaron el 40 y 33%, respectivamente, del total de aves marinas. El que la bocabarra de El Chorro estuviera abierta o cerrada influyó en la concentración de aves en los dos esteros, debido a la exposición o inundación de áreas lodosas y arenosas. A pesar de las diferencias entre los dos estuarios, la época del año fue más importante en la composición de las comunidades de aves. Ambos esteros deben

Phytoplankton community structure in relation to hydrographic features along a coast-to-offshore transect on the SW Atlantic Continental Shelf

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Islabão, C. A.; Mendes, C. R. B.; Detoni, A. M. S.; Odebrecht, C.

2017-12-01

The continental shelf in Southern Brazil is characterized by high biological productivity associated with horizontal and vertical density gradients due to the mixing of distinct water masses. Phytoplankton biomass and composition were evaluated in summer 2013 along an on-offshore transect off the mouth of the Patos Lagoon (Lat. 32°12S). Photosynthetic active radiation, temperature, salinity and fluorescence vertical profiles were carried out and Brünt-Väisäla frequency was estimated. Three water bodies were identified: the Subtropical Shelf Water along the entire transect, the Plata Plume Water on the middle shelf surface and the Tropical Water farther offshore. The water was sampled (N = 40) for the analyses of dissolved inorganic nutrients, phytoplankton cell density and composition. Phytoplankton present in the water was identified and quantified by the classical microscope sedimentation technique, complemented with CHEMTAX analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment data. From the results obtained, chlorophyll a concentration was higher at both coastal stations (1.6-2.0 mg m-3) where the water column was homogeneous and diatoms dominated the stations. This group was replaced by dinoflagellates in stratified conditions on the shelf and farther offshore. Along the onshore-offshore gradient, two types of dinoflagellates were found: the peridinin-containing dinoflagellates Prorocentrum and Scrippsiella with a small contribution at the coastal stations, and the fucoxantin-containing small Gymnodiniales cells (< 15 μm) with more than 50% of the total chlorophyll a at the stations on the continental shelf, especially associated with the chlorophyll maximum at the base of the euphotic zone. The positive (negative) relationship between the biomass of dinoflagellates (diatoms) with the Brünt-Väisäla frequency, respectively, support the hypothesis that stratification is the most important environmental factor that determines the biomass of

Estudo retrospectivo das neoplasias em ruminantes e equídeos no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro

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Fabricio K. de L. Carvalho

2014-03-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, dados relacionados com a ocorrência de neoplasias em ruminantes e equinos são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a frequência de neoplasias diagnosticadas em bovinos, caprinos, ovinos e equídeos no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, durante o período de 1983 a 2010 e analisar os fatores de risco, mediante o teste de qui-quadrado, considerando como variáveis, espécie, raça, sexo e idade. Durante o período foram registrados 177 (5,6% tumores de um total de 3.153 diagnósticos provenientes de biópsias e necropsias. Houve diferenças significantes (p<0,001 na frequência de tumores entre as diferentes espécies sendo mais acometidos os equinos (10,6%, seguidos pelos bovinos (6,8%, caprinos (3,3% e ovinos (2,1%. Os tumores mais frequentes foram o carcinoma células escamosas (CCE nos bovinos (58,3%, ovinos (80% e caprinos (46,1% e o sarcoide em equinos (45,3%. Quanto à localização anatômica, as neoplasias foram mais frequentes na pele em equídeos (62,5% e ovinos (60%, olho e tecido periocular em bovinos (36,1% e sistema reprodutor feminino (períneo e vulva em caprinos (34,6%. Em relação ao sexo dos animais, apenas os bovinos apresentaram prevalência significativa (p<0,001. Em relação à idade apenas os caprinos apresentaram prevalência significativa (p=0,015. Não houve prevalência significativa em nenhuma espécie em relação à raça. Conclui-se que os carcinomas de células escamosas em ruminantes e o sarcoide em equídeos são os tumores mais frequentes em animais de produção no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro e que a espécie equina foi a mais acometida dentre as espécies estudadas.

A review of estuarine fish research in South America: what has been achieved and what is the future for sustainability and conservation?

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Blaber, S J M; Barletta, M

2016-07-01

Estuarine fish research in South America began in the early 20th Century, but it is only within the last 40 years that detailed studies have been undertaken. This review firstly summarizes research results from South American estuaries by geographic area, starting with the temperate south-east, then the temperate-sub-tropical transition zone in Brazil, then the semi-arid and tropical estuaries of north and north-east Brazil including the Amazon complex, then the north and Caribbean coasts and finally down the Pacific coast of the continent. They include almost all types of estuarine systems, from large open systems (e.g. the temperate Rio de La Plata and tropical Amazon) to extensive coastal lakes (e.g. the temperate Patos Lagoon and tropical Cienega Grande de Santa Marta). They encompass a broad range of climatic and vegetation types, from saltmarsh systems in the south-east and fjords in the south-west to both arid and humid tropical systems, dominated by mangroves in the north. Their tidal regimes range from microtidal (e.g. Mar Chiquita, Argentina) through mesotidal (e.g. Goiana, Brazil) to macrotidal in the Amazon complex where they can exceed 7 m. The review uses where possible the recent standardization of estuarine fish categories and guilds, but the ways that fishes use tropical South American systems may necessitate further refinements of the categories and guilds, particularly in relation to freshwater fishes, notably the Siluriformes, which dominate many north and north-east South American systems. The extent to which South American studies contribute to discussions and paradigms of connectivity and estuarine dependence is summarized, but work on these topics has only just begun. The anthropogenic issue of pollution, particularly in relation to heavy metals and fishes and fisheries in estuaries is more advanced, but the possible effects of climate change have barely been addressed. Studies around conservation and management are briefly reviewed and

La fibroscopie digestive haute chez 2795 patients au centre hospitalier universitaire-campus de Lomé: les particularités selon le sexe

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Lawson-Ananissoh, Laté Mawuli; Bouglouga, Oumboma; Bagny, Aklesso; Kaaga, Laconi; Redah, Datouda

2014-01-01

Introduction Notre étude consistera à rapporter les indications et les lésions objectivées à la fibroscopie digestive haute et relever les particularités selon le sexe. Méthodes Étude rétrospective, descriptive sur des résultats de compte-rendu de la fibroscopie digestive haute menée en unité d'endoscopie digestive du service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie du CHU Campus de Lomé du 15 Mai 2009 au 31 Décembre 2013. Résultats La fibroscopie digestive haute a été réalisée chez 2795 patients dont 1188 hommes et 1607 femmes. L’âge moyen était de 40,65 ans (Extrêmes: 5 et 93 ans). La fibroscopie digestive haute était normale chez les femmes que chez les hommes avec une différence statistiquement significative (p = 0,000). Les principales indications étaient: les épigastralgies chez les femmes (p = 0,000); les hémorragies digestives hautes (p = 0,000) et l'hypertension portale (p = 0,000) chez les hommes; 3485 lésions pathologiques ont été observées. La pathologie inflammatoire prédominait (56,3%), la pathologie ulcéreuse (13,89%), la pathologie tumorale (2,01%). Les varices et la candidose œsophagiennes étaient significativement notées chez les hommes. Les ulcérations gastriques (p = 0,000), le reflux biliaire duodéno-gastrique (p = 0,017) étaient plus retrouvés chez les femmes et la gastropathie hypertensive beaucoup plus chez les hommes (p = 0,000). Que les lésions duodénales soient inflammatoires ou ulcéreuses associées ou non à une sténose bulbaire, elles étaient plus fréquentes chez les hommes. Conclusion De manière générale, il y avait une prédominance des lésions inflammatoires chez les femmes, les lésions tumorales et ulcéreuses chez les hommes PMID:25852805

Los virus Influenza y la nueva pandemia A/H1N1

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Miguel Talledo

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Los virus Influenza pertenecen a la familia Orthomyxoviridae, virus con genoma RNA de sentido negativo segmentado. Los virus influenza tipo A infectan a humanos y otros organismos, y son los agentes causantes de influenza en humanos. Resaltan entre sus principales proteínas la Hemaglutinina y la Neuraminidasa, que son utilizadas en la clasificación de los miembros de este grupo. Estos virus mutan continuamente, exhibiendo patrones muy estudiados, como el cambio y la deriva antigénica, siendo uno de los principales eventos de recombinación el reordenamiento. Todos los subtipos se encuentran en aves acuáticas silvestres, aunque se han encontrado otros hospederos, como equinos, visones, ballenas, focas, cerdos, gallinas y pavos, entre otros. Tanto las aves salvajes, las aves domésticas y el cerdo juegan un rol fundamental en la adaptación progresiva del virus al hospedero humano. Aunque los subtipos H2N2 y H3N2 han sido muy comunes, el subtipo H1N1 ha reemergido con mutaciones que le han permitido alcanzar el estado de pandemia en 2009. Este nuevo virus surge de un virus generado por triple reordenamiento con el virus humano, porcino norteamericano y aviar, conteniendo a su vez segmentos génicos de virus influenza porcina euroasiática. Esto ha hecho que el virus presente una enfermedad humana moderada y solamente severa y hasta letal en casos de individuos con condiciones médicas previas. A nivel mundial ha causado más de 134,510 casos y en el Perú alcanza cerca de 3,700 casos. El estado actual indica que la pandemia está por llegar a su pico máximo en el Perú, debido a la alta morbilidad del virus coincidente con la estación más fría del año. Es importante contener al máximo la dispersión del virus, ya que cuanto mayor sea el número de personas que infecte, el mismo estará sometido a un mayor número de eventos de recombinación genética por reordenamiento con virus influenza humanos previos y esto puede condicionar a la

[Surveillance on severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus in animals at a live animal market of Guangzhou in 2004].

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Wang, Ming; Jing, Huai-qi; Xu, Hui-fang; Jiang, Xiu-gao; Kan, Biao; Liu, Qi-yong; Wan, Kang-lin; Cui, Bu-yun; Zheng, Han; Cui, Zhi-gang; Yan, Mei-ying; Liang, Wei-li; Wang, Hong-xia; Qi, Xiao-bao; Li, Zhen-jun; Li, Ma-chao; Chen, Kai; Zhang, En-min; Zhang, Shou-yin; Hai, Rong; Yu, Dong-zheng; Xu, Jian-guo

2005-02-01

To study the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) like virus in animals at a live animal market of Guanzhou in 2004 before and after culling of wild animal action taken by the local authority, in order to predict the re-emerging of SARS from animal originals in this region. Animals at live animal market were sampled for rectal and throat swabs in triplicate. A single step realtime reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnostic kit was performed for screening SARS-CoV like virus, the manual nested RT- PCR and DNA sequencing were performed for confirmation. Only specimens which tested positive for both of the N and P genes by nested RT-PCR were scored as positive. In 31 animals sampled in January 5 2004 before culling of wild animals at Guangdong Province, including 20 cats (Felis catus), 5 red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and 6 Lesser rice field rats (Rattus losea), 8 (25.8%) animals were tested positive for SARS-CoV like virus by RT-PCR methods, of which 4 cats, 3 red fox and one Lesser rice field rats were included. However, two weeks after culling of animals and disinfection of the market were implemented, in 119 animals sampled in January 20 2004, including 6 rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), 13 cats, 46 red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus), 13 spotbill duck (Anas platyrhynchos), 10 greylag goose (Anser anser), 31 Chinese francolin (Franclinus pintadeanus), only rectal swab from one greylag goose was tested positive for SARS-CoV like virus. Furthermore, in 102 animals that including 14 greylag gooses, 3 cats, 5 rabbits, 9 spotbill duck (Anaspoecilorhyncha), 2 Chinese francolin (Franclinus pintadeanus), 8 common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), 6 pigeons, 9 Chinese muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi), 19 wild boar (Sus scrofa), 16 Lesser rice field rats, 5 dogs, 1 mink (Mustela vison), 3 goats, 2 green peafowl (Pavo muticus) sampled in April, May, June, July, August and November, only rectal swab from one pig was tested positive

Estudo clínico e de fatores de risco associados às alterações cardiovasculares em cães1

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Olívia M.M. Borges

Full Text Available RESUMO: O conhecimento clínico das alterações cardíacas em cães é de fundamental importância na formulação de diagnósticos diferenciais e instituição terapêutica na rotina da Clínica Médica de Pequenos Animais. Objetivaram-se com este estudo descrever os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e radiográficos inerentes as alterações cardiovasculares de cães cardiopatas atendidos no Hospital Veterinário de Patos-PB (HV. Para isso foram avaliados os prontuários clínicos de todos os animais atendidos no período de Janeiro de 2007 a Dezembro de 2012, selecionando-se 131 cães (GCARD que apresentavam histórico, alterações clínicas e radiográficas compatíveis com cardiopatia. Para fins comparativos, um grupo controle sem cardiopatia de igual número foi criado (GCON. Para análise estatística foram utilizados o teste de qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher e regressão logística múltipla, com nível de significância de 5%, utilizando-se o programa SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Edema pulmonar e alterações morfológicas cardíacas foram os achados radiográficos mais frequentes. Não houve diferença quanto ao sexo e prevaleceram os animais mais velhos e da raça poodle. Tosse, cansaço e tristeza foram as queixas mais comuns. Sopro, tártaro e alterações oculares foram os sinais clínicos de maior ocorrência. As variáveis relacionadas ao engasgo, tontura/fraqueza, creptação pulmonar, ascite, obesidade, tumor e tártaro foram identificadas como associadas às cardiopatias. O modelo final apresentou ajuste satisfatório (teste de Hosmer e Lemeshow: χ2=0,221; P=0,994; R2 = 0,46. Mesmo que não seja possível determinar o diagnóstico etiológico das cardiopatias, faz-se necessário que um amplo conhecimento clínico e epidemiológico destes seja cada vez mais consolidado, de modo que as consequências fisiopatológicas dos distúrbios cardíacos sejam rapidamente identificados, trazendo qualidade de vida a todos os

Zoneamento bioclimático da ovinocultura no Estado do Paraná

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Barbosa Orlando Rus

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Utilizaram-se 45 fêmeas ovinas adultas (15 Hampshire Down [HD], 15 Texel [TE] e 15 Ile de France [IF], para propor um zoneamento bioclimático da ovinocultura no Estado do Paraná. Mediram-se a temperatura retal (Tr, da epiderme (Te, do interior do velo (Tiv e da superfície do velo (Tsv; a frequência respiratória (Fr; a temperatura do ar (Ta, pressão de vapor (e, velocidade do vento (v e carga térmica radiante (CTR. O Índice de Conforto Térmico utilizado foi ICT= 0,6678Ta + 0,4969e + 0,5444Tg + 0,1038v. A regressão do ICT sobre Tr mostrou efeito quadrático para as três raças. Para ICT=24,3, 27,3 e 20,6, os valores de Tr foram respectivamente: 39,10ºC para a raça HD, 39,05ºC para TE e 39,09ºC para IF, atingindo 40,40; 40,50; e 40,28ºC, respectivamente, para ICT=58. As três raças aumentaram sua Tr a partir de ICT=26, com a TE apresentando menor Tr até o valor ICT=46; neste ponto, as três raças foram semelhantes, tendo a TE apresentado maiores valores. Para ICT igual a 27,6; 29,7; e 27,0, os valores de Fr foram, respectivamente, 89,63; 77,08; e 78,77 resp./min., para as raças HD, TE e IF. A raça TE apresentou menor Fr (77,08 resp./min., para ICT=29,7 e para ICT=48, valores semelhantes aos da IF (181,96 resp./min.; a partir deste índice, passou a ser maior que as demais raças, atingindo valores de 288,66 resp./min. no ICT=56, porém inferior à HD (289,01 resp./min.. Neste índice, a raça IF foi a que apresentou a menor Fr (275,72 resp./min.. Uma extensa faixa ao longo do litoral do Estado, entrando cerca de 200 km para o interior até os limites das cidades de Castro, Telêmaco Borba, Laranjeiras do Sul e Pato Branco, permite a criação das três raças, sem exigir grandes esforços de termorregulação.

Comparative study of the association of Ketamine to Dexmedetomidine, Medetomidine or Xylazine in rabbits

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Dayanne Anunciação Silva Dantas Lima

2014-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Lima D.A.S.D., Souza A.P., Borges O.M.M., Santana V.L., Araújo A.L., Figueirêdo L.C.M., Nóbrega Neto P.I. & Lima W.C. [Comparative study of the association of Ketamine to Dexmedetomidine, Medetomidine or Xylazine in rabbits.] Estudo comparativo da associação de Cetamina à Dexmedetomidina, Medetomidina ou Xilazina em coelhos. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária 36(1:35-41, 2014. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Av. Universitária, s/n, Patos, PB 58708-110, Brasil. E-mail: dayannevet@yahoo.com.br There are a variety of different anesthetic techniques that aim to overcome the various problems of anesthesia in rabbits, such as handling stress and apnea during induction with inhalational anesthetic agents, reducing the risks of the procedure. The objective of this study was to compare the anesthetic effects promoted by ketamine associated/mixed with three different agonists α2 -adrenergics in rabbits. Were used 6 healthy animals, (SRD mixed breed, weighing 2.42+0.36 kg, submerged to treatments called GCX, GCD and GCM. The fixed-dose ketamine (15 mg/kg combined with xylazine (10 mg/kg was administered intramuscularly in the GCX, the dexmedetomidine (0.05 mg/ kg in GCD and medetomidine (0.25 mg/kg in the GCM. Were evaluated the heart rate (HR, respiratory rate (ƒ, rectal temperature (RT, oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2 , mean arterial pressure (MAP, glucose (GLI, variables electrocardiography (Pms, PmV, PRms, QRSms, RmV, QTms, RRms, latency, able anesthetic and recovery period. The records of the variables were initiated before drug administration (basal and every 5 minutes after taking them for 50 minutes. Data were subjected to ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (P<0.05, for the clinical variables, and the “t” test of Student (P<0.05 for the other variables. More stable HR and MAP, respectively were obtained in the GCD and the

MicrO: an ontology of phenotypic and metabolic characters, assays, and culture media found in prokaryotic taxonomic descriptions.

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Blank, Carrine E; Cui, Hong; Moore, Lisa R; Walls, Ramona L

2016-01-01

MicrO is an ontology of microbiological terms, including prokaryotic qualities and processes, material entities (such as cell components), chemical entities (such as microbiological culture media and medium ingredients), and assays. The ontology was built to support the ongoing development of a natural language processing algorithm, MicroPIE (or, Microbial Phenomics Information Extractor). During the MicroPIE design process, we realized there was a need for a prokaryotic ontology which would capture the evolutionary diversity of phenotypes and metabolic processes across the tree of life, capture the diversity of synonyms and information contained in the taxonomic literature, and relate microbiological entities and processes to terms in a large number of other ontologies, most particularly the Gene Ontology (GO), the Phenotypic Quality Ontology (PATO), and the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). We thus constructed MicrO to be rich in logical axioms and synonyms gathered from the taxonomic literature. MicrO currently has ~14550 classes (~2550 of which are new, the remainder being microbiologically-relevant classes imported from other ontologies), connected by ~24,130 logical axioms (5,446 of which are new), and is available at (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MicrO.owl) and on the project website at https://github.com/carrineblank/MicrO. MicrO has been integrated into the OBO Foundry Library (http://www.obofoundry.org/ontology/micro.html), so that other ontologies can borrow and re-use classes. Term requests and user feedback can be made using MicrO's Issue Tracker in GitHub. We designed MicrO such that it can support the ongoing and future development of algorithms that can leverage the controlled vocabulary and logical inference power provided by the ontology. By connecting microbial classes with large numbers of chemical entities, material entities, biological processes, molecular functions, and qualities using a dense array of logical axioms, we

Evolution of coastal and marine environments during the Holocene transgression. Ría de Vigo (Galicia, Spain).

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Clemente, F.; Pérez-Arlucea, M.; Méndez, G.; Francés, G.; Alejo, I.; González, D.; Nombela, M.

2003-04-01

Coastal deposits are not prominent in the Ria de Vigo, high cliffs dominate the coast line, but several well-preserved sedimentary areas are observed. Beach and aeolian sand dunes are preserved in protected bays along margins between low cliffs, as Playa America, Patos and Samil. Several rivers form prominent estuaries such as the Verdugo-Oitaven, the Minor and the Lagares. Tidal flats are well preserved in the San Simon embayment and small areas of tidal flats and marshes can be found elsewhere associated with estuaries and protected by sandy spits as the Ramallosa tidal Complex, Moaña and San Simón. Four sedimentary areas were selected to study vertical sediment distribution. 6 cores were obtained. Sediment thicknesses range between 4.0m and 26.0 m. Vertical sediment distributions show 6 different lithologic units from basal fluvial (A), estuarine (B), tidal flat and peat fens (C), muddy subtidal bay (D), estuarine (E) and beach barrier (F). 10 14C age determinations were obtained from the longest core (Ladeira N) located at the Ramallosa beach barrier-lagoon complex. The oldest sample located at 22 m yields an age of 8177 y. BP in unit (B) allowing to constrain most of sediment evolution in the holocene transgressive context. The lower unit (A) composed mainly of fluvial gravels, and deposited in a palaeovalley, is attributed to the Younger Dryas although the LST could be also represented in these deposits. Units B, C and D configure the TST showing an initial rapid increase in water depth at 8177 y. BP and subsequent shallowing conditions due to progressive aggradation until 4809 y BP. Units E and F mark the HST eustatic stage being characterised by progradational shallow marine conditions and beach barrier progressive enclosing of the complex. Sedimentation rates were calculated at 7 intervals. An upward decrease is observed from 8177 y BP to 2001 y. BP, followed by a strong sudden increase, mostly in the last 500 years. Hydrology and geomorphology of river

Depredación de aves acuáticas por la nutria neotropical (Lontra longicaudis annectens, en el río Yaqui, Sonora, México Aquatic bird predation by neotropical river otter (Lontra longicaudis annectens, at Rio Yaqui, Sonora, Mexico

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Juan Pablo Gallo-Reynoso

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Se registra la depredación de aves acuáticas por la nutria neotropical (L. longicaudis annectens en el río Yaqui, Sonora. Se colectaron e identificaron 25 cráneos, porciones de esqueleto postcraneal y plumas de aves encontrados en los comederos de las nutrias; las especies identificadas fueron el cormorán neotropical (Phalacrocorax brasilianus con 16 individuos, el pato de collar (Anas platyrhynchos diazi, 4 individuos; la garza blanca (Ardea alba, 3 individuos; el huaco de corona amarilla (Nyctanassa violacea y el pelícano café (Pelecanus occidentalis, ambos con 1 individuo. En los peces se encontró la tilapia del género Oreochromis. Probablemente los hábitos alimenticios de esta especie responden a la estacionalidad y al consumo de presas más disponibles en el hábitat. Estos registros confirman que las nutrias de río son depredadores oportunistas cuya dieta tiene una amplio rango de uso de especies de los ambientes riparios, además dichos registros son una razón más para considerar la nutria neotropical como especie sombrilla para la conservación de ecosistemas completos, ya que su presencia es un indicador de alta disponibilidad energética y de alta biodiversidad.We report the predation of aquatic birds by neotropical river otters (L. longicaudis annectens at Río Yaqui, Sonora. As many as 25 skulls, post-cranial skeletons and feathers were found at river otter feeding sites. The neotropical cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus was the most predated bird with 16 individuals, followed by Mexican mallard (Anas platyrhynchos diazi with 4 individuals, great egret (Ardea alba with 3 individuals, yellow-crowned night-heron (Nyctanassa violacea, and brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis, both with 1 individual. With respect to fish, the tilapia Oreochromis, was the only species found in scats. Neotropical river otter feeding habits were associated with food availability at different seasons of the year. These records show that

Avaliação das condições de saúde bucal de Portadores de Necessidades Especiais

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Faldryene de Sousa Queiroz

Full Text Available Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as condições de saúde bucal de Portadores de Necessidades Especiais (PNE de uma Escola Especial da cidade de Patos-PB, bem como identificar as dificuldades apontadas por seus responsáveis para a manutenção da saúde bucal dos mesmos. Metodologia: A população-alvo deste estudo foi composta por 74 alunos, de ambos os sexos, regularmente matriculados, que preencheram os critérios de inclusão previamente estabelecidos e por seus responsáveis. O estudo foi conduzido em duas etapas: a primeira consistiu na aplicação de um formulário aos responsáveis pelos PNE, e a segunda, na realização de um exame clínico intrabucal, realizado por um examinador e anotador previamente calibrados, em que se avaliaram as condições de saúde bucal dos alunos por meio do Índice de Cárie Dentária (CPO-D, do Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS e da presença de Trauma Dentário. Resultado: Observou-se que 75,4% dos alunos já haviam recebido algum tipo de tratamento odontológico; destes, 50,9% afirmaram ter sido na Unidade Básica de Saúde. O CPO-D médio foi de 12,6 (±8,4, 52% apresentaram higiene oral deficiente e o trauma dental foi observado em 19,3% dos alunos analisados. Com relação ao parto, 51% das mães relataram ter tido uma gestação normal e 54,4% nunca haviam sido orientadas com relação aos cuidados com a saúde bucal do filho. Entre as dificuldades relatadas pelos responsáveis para manter a saúde bucal do PNE, 33,3% afirmaram ser encontrar um Dentista que o atenda e 33,3% apontaram o custo do tratamento. Conclusão: Os altos índices revelados pelo CPO-D, bem como a higiene oral deficiente, somados às dificuldades relatadas em se realizar o acompanhamento odontológico desses indivíduos, mostram a necessidade da implementação de políticas públicas mais voltadas à atenção a esses pacientes.

First nesting record of the Bay-Capped Wren-Spinetail Spartonoica maluroides (Aves, Furnariidae in Brazil, with nest and nestling descriptions and notes on breeding behavior Primeiro registro de nidificação da boininha Spartonoica maluroides (Aves, Furnariidae no Brasil, incluindo a descrição do ninho e ninhego e notas sobre o comportamento reprodutivo

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Rafael A Dias

2009-12-01

the area on 15 December 2005 and found the nest abandoned. Observations confirm that S. maluroides is a resident breeder in southern Brazil and that the saltmarshes of the Lagoa do Patos estuary are an important year-round habitat for the species. A nestling and the nest were collected to document the record.O único registro de reprodução de Spartonoica maluroides (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837 no Brasil é baseado na observação de um filhote recém-saído do ninho no sul do Rio Grande do Sul em janeiro de 1976. Em 7 de dezembro de 2005, descobrimos um ninho contendo três filhotes na extremidade sudoeste da Lagoa Pequena, município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. O ninho estava oculto na base de uma cavidade dentro de uma touceira de Spartina densiflora (Poaceae situada na margem de uma marisma. O ninho era constituído de pedaços delgados de folhas mortas de Scirpus olneyi (Cyperaceae e S. densiflora firmemente entrelaçados às folhas da touceira. Folhas vivas de S. densiflora que orlavam a cavidade compreendiam uma parte substancial da arquitetura do ninho, constituindo a maior parte da porção superior das paredes laterais e o teto. A seção inferior era mais elaborada, similar a uma taça profunda e formando uma câmara incubatória distinta. Os adultos acessavam o ninho através de uma abertura apical de formato irregular por entre as folhas. O ninho media 244 mm de altura e 140 mm de largura. A câmara incubatória apresentava um diâmetro externo de 138,5 mm, um diâmetro interno de 79,4 mm e uma profundidade de 86 mm, sendo forrada de folhas delgadas e fibras vegetais brancas. Os ninhegos tinham de cinco a seis dias de idade. Um ninhego exibiu um total de 107 neossóptilas restritas aos tratos capital, espinal e alar. A distribuição das neossóptilas na região ocular de S. maluroides forma um padrão distinto que pode ser típico de Furnariidae e famílias afins. Dois adultos atendiam o ninho, trazendo pequenos insetos para os ninhegos e removendo

Estudo de viabilidade econômica da implantação de uma usina de reciclagem de resíduos da construção civil no município de Pato Branco (PR, utilizando a metodologia multi-índice ampliada

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Luis Carlos Pais Gularte

Full Text Available RESUMO Este artigo analisou a viabilidade econômica da instalação de uma usina de reciclagem de resíduos da construção civil, por meio das expectativas de retorno e risco associadas à sua implantação. A análise do investimento em estudo foi realizada utilizando-se a metodologia multi-índice por meio do sistema Web $LV€P. Também foi realizada uma análise estocástica utilizando a Simulação de Monte Carlo como forma de melhor analisar os riscos envolvidos no projeto. Os resultados mostraram que há viabilidade econômica e baixo risco na implantação dessa usina, pois a probabilidade de o valor presente líquido (VPL ser menor que zero é de 0,22%. A análise preliminar realizada mostrou que a decisão de investir nesse empreendimento se apresenta como uma boa opção de investimento, sendo recomendada a sua implementação por ser um projeto com possibilidades de bom retorno financeiro.

Lipid profile of commercial beef cuts from grazing, suckling calves

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Vargas, Karin

2009-12-01

sacrificaron 54 animales en tres fechas diferentes de Marzo de 2008, con un peso medio de canal de 150±22 kg. Se obtuvieron cinco muestras al azar de cada corte a medida que salían de la planta procesadora, las que fueron enfriadas y empaquetadas siguiendo el protocolo industrial. Los cortes fueron seleccionados en base a un análisis no replicado anterior de 21 cortes comúnmente disponibles en el mercado. Se encontraron diferencias significativas y considerables en el contenido de grasa, con una media de 2,12% y rango de 4,23 para lomo liso y 0,68% para asado abastero. El contenido medio de colesterol fue de 44,7 mg/100 g de carne, sin diferencias significativas entre cortes. Un análisis discriminante exigente detectó diferencias altamente significativas en el perfil de ácidos grasos, y clasificó correctamente a 37 de las 40 muestras analizadas. La relación n6:n3 no difirió entre cortes y osciló entre 1,9 para lomo liso y 2,6 para sobrecostilla y punta de ganso respectivamente. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para la mayoría de los ácidos grasos y para el índice de aterogenicidad. Sin embargo este último osciló sólo entre 0,60 y 1,07 para posta negra y lomo liso respectivamente. Los resultados son comparados con valores informados en la literatura. A pesar de las diferencias halladas entre cortes, todos fueron magros y tuvieron perfiles lipídicos compatibles con la salud humana, en dietas balanceadas.

The role of climate in the accumulation of lithium-rich brine in the Central Andes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Godfrey, L.V.; Chan, L.-H.; Alonso, R.N.; Lowenstein, T.K.; McDonough, W.F.; Houston, J.; Li, J.; Bobst, A.; Jordan, T.E.

2013-01-01

Highlights: • δ 7 Li of waters and rocks in the Central Andes were measured. • Halite/brine partition coefficients of lithium and δ 7 Li of halite were determined. • Li-rich brines have a high component of fluids of geothermal origin. • Removal of lithium by clays is minor relative to other regions of the world. • The weathering flux of lithium and sodium decouple according to climate state. - Abstract: Lithium-rich brine within the sub-surface of the Salar del Hombre Muerto (SHM) salt pan in the Andes of northwestern Argentina has a chemical and isotopic composition which is consistent with Li derived from several sources: the modern halite saturated lagoon, Li-rich salts and brines formed recently, and dissolution of halite which precipitated from ancient saline lakes. SHM lies in the closed basin that includes part of the massive Cerro Galán caldera which is drained by the Río los Patos, which is responsible for 90% of surface runoff into the salar. The low Li isotope composition, +3.4‰, of this river is consistent with significant contributions of geothermal spring water. As water drains through the volcaniclastic deposits which cover a large proportion of the basin, Li removal, as indicated by decreasing Li/Na, occurs but without significant isotope fractionation. This indicates a mechanism of surface sorption onto smectite or ferrihydrite rather than Li incorporation into octahedral structural sites of clays. These observations suggest that conditions in this high altitude desert have limited the dilution of hydrothermal spring water as well as the formation of clay minerals, which jointly have allowed the Li resource to accumulate rapidly. Changes in climate on a multi-millennial time scale, specifically in the hydrologic budget, have resulted in solute accumulation rates that have been variable through time, and decoupled Li and Na fluxes. Inflow to the salar under modern conditions has high Li/Na (7.9 × 10 −3 by wt) with δ 7 Li

The high-K calc-alkalic Serra da Lagoinha batholith, States of Ceara and Paraiba (Northeastern region, Brazil): coexistence and mixing of dioritic and quartz monzonitic to granitic magmas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mariano, Gorki; Sobreira, Mauricio de Nassau de Mattos

1999-01-01

The Serra da Lagoinha batholith (SLB) has an outcrop area of 200 km 2 is located in the Borborema Province, northeastern Brazil, and intrudes schists and phylites at the border of the Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro fold belt. Its southern border is defined by a major curved NE-SW sinistral transcurrent shear zone (Boqueirao dos Cochos) connecting the E-W dextral shear zones of Patos to the north and Pernambuco to the south. The SLB has three lithologic domains: the felsic porphyritic domain composed of K-feldspar megacrystic monzonitic, quartz monzonitic, quartz monzodioritic, granitic to granodioritic rocks; the k-dioritic domain composed of biotite (quartz) dioritic to tonalitic rocks and the hybrid domain composed of monzonitic and biotite (quartz) dioritic rocks. Field evidences show that these lithologic domains were produced by the coexistence and mixing of K-diorites with potassic monzonitic to granodioritic magmas. The mafic rocks are enriched in Nb, ba, and Zr and LREE in relation to the felsic porphyritic rocks. The REE patterns for mafic and felsic rocks are similar and enriched in the LREE in relation to the HREE, with (La/Yb) N varying from 22.43 to 36.10 for the felsic and from 27.21 to 58.87 for the mafic rocks. Al Τ in amphibole geobarometer (Hollister 1987) shows that amphibole crystallization in the SLB occurred at approximately 4.5 kbar. Geothermometry based on the coexistence of amphibole and plagioclase, (Blundy and Holland 1990) gives a temperature of 742 deg C. Whole rock Oxygen isotope data showed average values for mafic of δ 18 O = + 7.9 permil SMOW and for the felsic rocks of δ 18 O + 9.1 permil SMOW , suggesting either isotopic equilibrium of coexistent magmas of distinct sources or crystal fractionation process controlling the evolution from mafic to felsic rocks. Quartz corrected values for the felsic porphyritic rocks averaged δ 18 O = + 9.2 permil, suggesting that the whole rock data represent magmatic values. Sm-Nd systematics show T

Brazil The Duck Lagoon

Science.gov (United States)

2002-01-01

This Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) image of Brazil covers an area of about 298 kilometers x 358 kilometers, and was captured by the instrument's vertical-viewing (nadir) camera on December 27, 2001. The 'Lagoa dos Patos', in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, translates to 'the Duck Lagoon'. It was named by 16th century Jesuit settlers, who asked the King of Spain to grant them title to the lagoon so that they could breed ducks. The King consented, but revoked his edict when he discovered that the 'duck-pond' (measuring about 14,000 square kilometers) was one of the largest lagoonal systems in the world. Note the sediment plume emanating from the southern end of the lagoon. Sailors in the 16th century imagined this outlet to be the mouth of a large river. Early Portuguese explorers mistook the entrance to the lagoon for the mouth of a great river and called it the Rio Grande. A series of wave-like points and curls form 'cusps' on the inner shores of the lagoon. The lagoon's characteristics change with short-term tide-induced cyclic perturbations, and with longer term large scale meteorological conditions. The distinctive wavelike 'cusps' along the inner shores result from the circulation, erosion and accumulation of sediments driven by wind and tidal action. The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) circulation affects precipitation amount and continental runoff, thereby changing the contents of the lagoon waters. High rainfall and increased freshwater discharge during El Nino events correspond with elevated dissolved nutrient concentrations and increased phytoplankton growth. La Nina years are dry and the associated low rainfall reduces the freshwater recharge to the lagoon, causing an increase in salinity. Occasional blooms of toxic cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa), have been registered in the lagoon when nutrient concentrations are elevated. A number of reeds and grasses are important to the lagoon estuary, including widgeon grass

LAGOAS COSTEIRAS:PATRIMÔNIO AMBIENTAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL

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Rosane Lanzer

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Lagos e lagunas costeiras estão distribuídos nos diversos continentes. A Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul possui um sistema de lagoas que teve origem nos processos de transgressão e regressão marinha durante o Pleistoceno e Holoceno. A gênese destes corpos de água tem um importante papel na sua caracterização ecológica e biodiversidade. Para efeito de estudo, o litoral rio-grandense pode ser dividido em três áreas que se distinguem, especialmente, quanto ao seu uso e impacto antrópico: litoral norte, de Torres a Quintão, se caracteriza pela concentração de veranistas; no litoral médio, até a Lagoa do Peixe e litoral sul, ao sul da barra da Lagoa dos Patos, há predomínio de atividades agrícola e pastoril, com uso da águas para irrigação. As Unidades de Conservação existentes na costa não contribuem com a preservação destes ecossistemas. O mau uso das lagoas tem contribuído para sua eutrofização, destruindo a biodiversidade, ainda pouco conhecida, e acelerando o processo de envelhecimento natural.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: lagoas costeiras; patrimônio ambiental; turismo; sul do Brasil. ABSTRACT:Lakes and coastal lagoons are distributed in the several continents. The Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul has a system of coastal lake that was shaped by Pleistocene and Holocene transgression and regression phases. The origin of these lakes has an important role to the biodiversity and ecological conditions. The coastal of Rio Grande do Sul, in this study, can be divided into three distinguished areas , specially about their use and antropic impacts: north coast, from Torres to Quintão, has a great concentration of tourists; medium coast until the Lagoa do Peixe and south coast has more agricultural and cattle raising activities, with water use to irrigation. The protected areas in the Coastal Plain doesn’t improve the preservation of these ecosystems. The incorrect use of the lakes has initiated

Aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral canina na zona rural do semiárido paraibano e análise de técnicas de diagnóstico

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Raizza B.S. Silva

Full Text Available Resumo: No Brasil, a leishmaniose visceral é causada pela Leishmania infantum. É uma zoonose crônica e, frequentemente, fatal, sendo considerada um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo e reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como uma das dezessete "Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas". O presente estudo foi realizado em 2012, na zona rural do município de Patos, semiárido paraibano, com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência, os fatores de risco da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC na região e avaliar os testes de diagnóstico sorológico. Foram coletadas 362 amostras de sangue e a prevalência da infecção foi determinada através de três técnicas sorológicas (ELISA, RIFI e Teste Imunocromatográfico DPP - Dual Path Plataform, sendo consideradas positivas as amostras que apresentaram pelo menos dois testes reagentes. As amostras positivas na sorologia foram testadas na PCR e qPCR. Aplicou-se um questionário epidemiológico aos proprietários para identificação dos possíveis fatores de risco. A taxa de prevalência foi de 11,33% (41/362. Considerou-se o ELISA como padrão ouro, já que é o teste confirmatório para a LVC pelo Ministério da Saúde. O DPP (Dual Path Plataform apresentou sensibilidade de 58% (95% CI: 0,43-0,72 e especificidade de 96% (95% CI: 0,93-0,98, com índice Kappa de 0,57. A RIFI apresentou sensibilidade de 85% (95% CI: 0,72-0,94, especificidade de 99% (95% CI: 0,98-1 e valor Kappa de 0,88. O fator de risco identificado na análise multivariada por regressão logística múltipla foi o sexo (OR=2,15 [1,09-4,21] e os cães machos apresentaram 2,15 vezes mais chances de serem infectados, que pode ser justificado por serem mais utilizados para a caça e como cão de guarda, dois fatores que aumentam a exposição do animal ao flebótomo. Em função da taxa de prevalência encontrada, indica-se a aplicação de medidas de controle no município. Os resultados da comparação dos ensaios sorol

Structural and microstructural evolution of fault zones in Cretaceous poorly lithified sandstones of the Rio do Peixe basin, Paraiba, NE Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Balsamo, Fabrizio; Nogueira, Francisco; Storti, Fabrizio; Bezerra, Francisco H. R.; De Carvalho, Bruno R.; André De Souza, Jorge

2017-04-01

In this contribution we describe the structural architecture and microstructural features of fault zones developed in Cretaceous, poorly lithified sandstones of the Rio do Peixe basin, NE Brazil. The Rio do Peixe basin is an E-W-trending, intracontinental half-graben basin developed along the Precambrian Patos shear zone where it is abutted by the Porto Alegre shear zone. The basin formed during rifting between South America and Africa plates and was reactivated and inverted in a strike-slip setting during the Cenozoic. Sediments filling the basin consist of an heterolithic sequence of alternating sandstones, conglomerates, siltstone and clay-rich layers. These lithologies are generally poorly lithified far from the major fault zones. Deformational structures in the basin mostly consist of deformation band-dominated fault zones. Extensional and strike-slip fault zones, clusters of deformation bands, and single deformation bands are commonly well developed in the proximity of the basin-boundary fault systems. All deformation structures are generally in positive relief with respect to the host rocks. Extensional fault zones locally have growth strata in their hangingwall blocks and have displacement generally <10 m. In map view, they are organized in anastomosed segments with high connectivity. They strike E-W to NE-SW, and typically consist of wide fault cores (< 1 m in width) surrounded by up to few-meter wide damage zones. Fault cores are characterized by distributed deformation without pervasive strain localization in narrow shear bands, in which bedding is transposed into foliation imparted by grain preferred orientation. Microstructural observations show negligible cataclasis and dominant non-destructive particulate flow, suggesting that extensional fault zones developed in soft-sediment conditions in a water-saturated environment. Strike-slip fault zones commonly overprint the extensional ones and have displacement values typically lower than about 2 m. They

Fonte alimentar sangüínea e a peridomiciliação de Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912 (Psychodidae, Phlebotominae Blood feeding sources and peridomiciliation of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva, 1912 (Psychodidae, Phlebotominae

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Flávio de Oliveira Passos Dias

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se por meio da reação da precipitina, o conteúdo estomacal de Lutzomyia longipalpis nos ambientes intradomiciliar e peridoméstico, no Município de Raposa, Maranhão, área de transmissão de leishmaniose visceral ou "calazar". De 2.240 fêmeas capturadas, 547 (24,4% estavam alimentadas com sangue de vertebrados nas proporções que seguem: ave (87,9%; roedor (47,2%; humano (42,4%, cão (27,6%; mucura (26,6% e eqüino (22,5%. A investigação levada a efeito em 120 habitações confirmou a galinha como o animal doméstico mais comum no ambiente peridoméstico (28,3%, seguido pelo cão (21,7%, gato (17,5%, jumento (13,3%, pombo (7,5%, coelho (3,3% e pato (3,3%; enquanto o cavalo, marreco e porco representaram, cada um, 1,7%. Entre os animais sinantrópicos, a mucura foi a mais citada naquele ambiente (39,3%, seguida pelo rato (37,9%, morcego (14,3% guaxinim (3,6%, raposa (2,1%, cobra (1,4% e sapo (1,4%. A presença no peridomicílio de animais domésticos e sinantrópicos e o encontro de flebótomos alimentados, ao mesmo tempo, com sangue humano, de mucura e de canídeos, corroboram a hipótese de que a transmissão do calazar esteja ocorrendo realmente no ambiente antrópico, no Município de Raposa.A precipitin test was employed to study the alimentary tract content of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the intra- and peridomiciliary environments in the municipality of Raposa, Maranhão State, a transmission area for visceral leishmaniasis or kala azar. Out of 2,240 female sandflies captured, 547 (24.4% had fed on vertebrate blood, with the following proportions: avian (87.9%; rodent (47.2%; human (42.4%; canine (27.6%; opossum (26.6%; and equine (22.5%. Based on a survey of 120 human dwellings, chickens were found to be the most common domestic animals in the peridomicile (28.3%, followed by dogs (21.7%, cats (17.5%, donkeys (13.3%, pigeons (7.5%, rabbits (3.3%, ducks (3.3%, and horses, mallards, and pigs (1.7% each. Synanthropic animals