Moody, Suicide and Survival: A Critical Appraisal.

Science.gov (United States)

Vicchio, Stephen

1980-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to: (1) define suicide; (2) explicate Raymond Moody's position on suicide and survival after death; (3) analyze logical connections between divine commands and moral judgments; and (4) offer constructive comments on suicide and suicide prevention. (Author/RC)

Affine Kac-Moody algebras and their representations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slansky, R.

1988-01-01

Highest weight representation theory of finite dimensional and affine Kac-Moody algebras is summarized from a unified point of view. Lattices of discrete additive quantum numbers and the presentation of Lie algebras on Cartan matrices are the central points of departure for the analysis. (author)

Kac--Moody current algebras of D = 2 massless gauge theories, their representations and applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Craigie, N.S.; Nahm, W.; Narain, K.S.

1987-01-01

We give a classification of the Kac--Moody current algebras of all the possible massless fermion-gauge theories in two dimensions. It is shown that only Kac--Moody algebras based on A/sub N/, B/sub N/, C/sub N/, and D/sub N/ in the Cartan classification with all possible central charge occur.The representation of local fermion fields and simply laced Kac--Moody algebras with minimal central charge in terms of free boson fields on a compactified space is discussed in detail, where stress is laid on the role played by the boundary conditions on the various collective modes. Fractional solitons and the possible soliton representation of certain nonsimply laced algebras is also analysed. We briefly discuss the relationship between the massless bound state sector of these two-dimensional gauge theories and the critically coupled two-dimensional nonlinear sigma model, which share the same current algebra. Finally we briefly discuss the relevance of Sp(n) Kac--Moody algebras to the physics of monopole-fermion systems. copyright 1987 Academic Press, Inc

Ultraviolet light curves of U Geminorum and VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, C.-C.; Panek, R.J.; Holm, A.V.; Schiffer, F.H. III

1982-01-01

Ultraviolet light curves have been obtained for the quiescent dwarf novae U Gem and VW Hyi. The amplitude of the hump associated with the accretion hot spot is much smaller in the UV than in the visible. This implies that the bright spot temperature is roughly 12000 K if it is optically thick. A hotter spot would have to be optically thin in the near UV. The flux distribution of U Gem in quiescence cannot be fitted by model spectra of steady state, viscous accretion disks. The absolute luminosity, the flux distribution, and the far UV spectrum suggest that the primary star is visible in the far UV. The optical-UV flux distribution of VW Hyi could be matched roughly by the authors' model accretion disks, but the fitting is poorly constrained due to the uncertainty in its distance. (Auth.)

Dwarf novae in outburst: simultaneous ultraviolet and optical observations of VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schwarzenberg-Czerny, A.; Jones, D.H.P.; Ward, M.; Pringle, J.E.; Verbunt, F.

1985-01-01

Simultaneous spectrophotometry of the dwarf nova VW Hydri in the range 1200-7000 A is presented. The main set of observations cover one complete outburst, including the rise and the decline. Comparing these data with data from other outbursts of VW Hyi it is found that all the data can be interleaved. This underlines the similarity in the behaviour of the continuum flux distribution from outburst to outburst. In particular the discovery by previous authors that the outburst starts at optical wavelengths and spreads later to the ultraviolet is confirmed. (author)

Environmental Assessment: Conversion of the 820th Security Forces Group at Moody AFB, Georgia to a Contingency Response Group

Science.gov (United States)

2003-08-01

Contingency Response Group (CRG) at Moody Air Force Base (AFB), GA . DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES. The United States Air Force...sinkhole formation. 3.5.3.3 Soils Moody AFB Moody AFB is located in the Tifton Upland District of the Lower Coastal Plain. In general, soils on...base. Arsenic, barium, chromium, copper, iron, selenium, and zinc have been found to be naturally occurring in the area. Predominant soils are Tifton

Multiwavelength monitoring of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pringle, J.E.; Bateson, F.M.; Hassall, B.J.M.

1987-01-01

The results of a prolonged and coordinated set of observations of the dwarf nova VW Hydri spanning optical to X-ray wavelengths are described in this and four subsequent papers. In this paper an overview is given of the data set as a whole, with particular reference to its implications for an understanding of the object. (author)

A remarkable representation of the SO(3,2) Kac-Moody algebra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dobrev, V.K.; Sezgin, E.

1990-01-01

We construct a minimal representation of the SO(3,2) Kac-Moody algebra algebra which is based on the spin-zero singleton (the Rac) representation of SO(3,2). The representation is minimal in the sense that the central charge k of the SO(3,2) Kac-Moody algebra is chosen to take the special value of 5/2 which allows the imposition of maximum number of reducibility conditions. For the Rac, this is the unique choice for the remarkable property of maximum reducibility which is consistent with unitarity. To ensure unitarity, we furthermore impose invariance condition under the maximal compact subalgebra SO(3) x SO(2). (author). 19 refs, 1 fig

PHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HS Aqr, EG Cep, VW LMi, AND DU Boo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Djurasevic, G.; Latkovic, O. [Astronomical Observatory, Volgina 7, 11000 Belgrade (Serbia); Bastuerk, Oe.; Y Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I lmaz, M. [Astronomy and Space Sciences Research and Application Center, Ankara University, TR-06837 Ahlatl Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I bel, Ankara (Turkey); Cal Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I skan, S.; Senavc Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I , H. V.; K Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I l Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I coglu, T.; Ekmekci, F. [Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, TR-06100 Tandogan, Ankara (Turkey); Tanr Latin-Small-Letter-Dotless-I verdi, T., E-mail: olivia@aob.rs [Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Nigde University, 51240 Nigde (Turkey)

2013-03-15

We analyze new multicolor light curves for four close late-type binaries: HS Aqr, EG Cep, VW LMi, and DU Boo, in order to determine the orbital and physical parameters of the systems and estimate the distances. The analysis is done using the modeling code of G. Djurasevic, and is based on up-to-date measurements of spectroscopic elements. All four systems have complex, asymmetric light curves that we model by including bright or dark spots on one or both components. Our findings indicate that HS Aqr and EG Cep are in semi-detached, while VW LMi and DU Boo are in overcontact configurations.

Application Of The CSRL Language To The Design Of Diagnostic Expert Systems: The Moodis Experience, A Preliminary Report

Science.gov (United States)

Bravos, Angelo; Hill, Howard; Choca, James; Bresolin, Linda B.; Bresolin, Michael J.

1986-03-01

Computer technology is rapidly becoming an inseparable part of many health science specialties. Recently, a new area of computer technology, namely Artificial Intelligence, has been applied toward assisting the medical experts in their diagnostic and therapeutic decision making process. MOODIS is an experimental diagnostic expert system which assists Psychiatry specialists in diagnosing human Mood Disorders, better known as Affective Disorders. Its diagnostic methodology is patterned after MDX, a diagnostic expert system developed at LAIR (Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence Research) of Ohio State University. MOODIS is implemented in CSRL (Conceptual Structures Representation Language) also developed at LAIR. This paper describes MOODIS in terms of conceptualization and requirements, and discusses why the MDX approach and CSRL were chosen.

Wavelength dependence of superhumps in VW Hyi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amerongen, S. van; Bovenschen, H.; Paradijs, J. van

1987-01-01

Results are presented of five-colour photometric observations of the SU UMa system VW Hyi, made on six nights during the November 1984 superoutburst. The light curve is dominated by superhump variations, whose amplitude in all passbands decreases with time (in the V-band from 0.16 mag about 4.5 day after the superoutburst reached maximum brightness, to 0.10 mag about 5 day later). The superhump light curve depends strongly on wavelength. In particular it appears that the light curves in different passbands are mutually shifted: the larger the wavelength, the more the light curve is delayed. (author)

Infrared and optical light curves of EX Hydrae and VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sherrington, M.R.; Lawson, P.A.; King, A.R.; Jameson, R.F.

1980-01-01

Optical and infrared light curves of EX Hya (V and K) and VW Hyi (J and K) are presented. The infrared colours imply very large discs for these systems. It is also found for EX Hya that the structure of the light curves is non-repeatable. (author)

Non-linear realization of the Virasoro-Kac-Moody algebra and the anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aoyama, S.

1988-01-01

The non-linear realization of the Virasoro algebra x Kac-Moody algebra will be studied. We will calculate the Ricci tensor of the relevant Kaehler manifold to show a new vacuum structure for this coupled algebra. (orig.)

Kac-Moody algebra is not hidden symmetry of chiral models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Devchand, C.; Schiff, J.

1997-01-01

A detailed examination of the infinite dimensional loop algebra of hidden symmetry transformations of the Principal Chiral Model reveals it to have a structure differing from a standard centreless Kac-Moody algebra. A new infinite dimensional Abelian symmetry algebra is shown to preserve a symplectic form on the space of solutions. (author). 15 refs

PHOTOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF THE W UMa TYPE ECLOPSING BINARY VW Cep

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bong-Seok Kang

2000-06-01

Full Text Available A total of 1,018 observations (509 in B, 509 in V of the eclipsing binary VW Cep was made during 7 nights from April through May in 1999 at Sobaeksan Optical Astronomy Observatory, using the CCD camera attached to the 61cm telescope. A time of minimum light of HJD2451327.2282 was determined from our data, and we constructed BV light curves with the data. Using, Wilson-Devinney’s binary model, we analized the light curves. The absolute dimension of M1=0.95M⨀, M2=033M⨀, R1=1.02 R⨀, R2=0.66 R⨀ of the VW Cep system were derived from our light curve solution and Kaszas et al. (1998 spectroscopic results.

High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior and Kinetics of Forged 12Cr-MoVW Steel

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kim Yong Hwan

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The oxidation kinetics of forged 12Cr-MoVW steel was investigated in an air (N2+O2 atmosphere at 873-1073 K (Δ50 K using thermogravimetric analysis. The oxidized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, and the surface and cross-sectional morphologies were examined using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The forged 12Cr-MoVW steel samples exhibited parabolic behavior and a low oxidation rate compared with their as-cast counterparts. A protective oxide layer was uniformly formed at relatively low temperature (≤973 K for the forged samples, which thus exhibited better oxidation resistance than the as-cast ones. These oxides are considered solid-solution compounds such as (Fe, Cr2O3.

High but balanced sedimentation and subsidence rates (Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt), followed by basin collapse: Implication for Archaean tectonics

Science.gov (United States)

Heubeck, Christoph; Lowe, Donald R.; Byerly, Gary R.

2010-05-01

Archaean tectonophysical models distinguish between thick, rigid and thin, mobile crust; from these the major mechanisms and rates for continental growth are derived. Archaean sedimentary rocks, preserved in metamorphosed and highly deformed greenstone belts, can contribute to constrain these models by estimating subsidence rates, derived from the combination of facies changes and precise age dates. Largely siliciclastic strata of the Moodies Group form the topmost unit of the Barberton Supergroup of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB), South Africa, represent one of the world's oldest unmetamorphosed quartz-rich sedimentary sequences, and reach ca. 3500m thick (Lowe and Byerly, 2007). Large parts of the Moodies Group were deposited in apparent sedimentary continuity in alluvial, fluvial, shoreline and shallow-marine environments (e.g., Eriksson, 1979; Heubeck and Lowe, 1994). Distinctive sources and variations in facies indicate that Moodies deposition occurred at times in several basins. In several now tectonically separated regions, a regional basaltic lava (unit MdL of Anhaeusser, 1968) separates a lower unit (ca. 2000m thick and possibly representing an extensional setting) from an upper unit (ca. 1500m thick and characterized by progressive unconformities, rapidly changing facies, thicknesses, and sandstone petrographic composition). Single zircons separated from a felsic air-fall tuff of the middle Moodies Group and immediately overlying the basaltic lava in the Saddleback Syncline were dated on the Stanford-USGS SHRIMP RG. Out of 24 dated grains, two near-concordant groups have mean ages of 3230,6+-6,1Ma (2σ; n=9) and 3519+-7 Ma (2σ; n=9), respectively. We interpret the former age as representing the depositional age of the tuff, the latter as representing inherited zircons from underlying Onverwacht-age basement. The interpreted depositional age of the Moodies tuff is indistinguishable from numerous similar ages from felsic and dacitic volcanics at the

Kac-Moody algebras and controlled chaos

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wesley, Daniel H

2007-01-01

Compactification can control chaotic Mixmaster behaviour in gravitational systems with p-form matter: we consider this in light of the connection between supergravity models and Kac-Moody algebras. We show that different compactifications define 'mutations' of the algebras associated with the noncompact theories. We list the algebras obtained in this way, and find novel examples of wall systems determined by Lorentzian (but not hyperbolic) algebras. Cosmological models with a smooth pre-big bang phase require that chaos is absent: we show that compactification alone cannot eliminate chaos in the simplest compactifications of the heterotic string on a Calabi-Yau, or M theory on a manifold of G 2 holonomy. (fast track communication)

A differential-difference Kadomtsev-Petviashvili family possesses a common Kac-Moody-Virasoro symmetry algebra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tang Xiaoyan; Qian Xianmin; Ding Wei

2005-01-01

Starting from the Kac-Moody-Virasoro symmetry algebra of the differential-difference Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, a differential-difference Kadomtsev-Petviashvili family is constructed and the corresponding invariant solutions are obtained

Contraction of broken symmetries via Kac-Moody formalism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daboul, Jamil

2006-01-01

I investigate contractions via Kac-Moody formalism. In particular, I show how the symmetry algebra of the standard two-dimensional Kepler system, which was identified by Daboul and Slodowy as an infinite-dimensional Kac-Moody loop algebra, and was denoted by H 2 , gets reduced by the symmetry breaking term, defined by the Hamiltonian H(β)=(1/2m)(p 1 2 +p 2 2 )-α/r-βr -1/2 cos((φ-γ)/2). For this H(β) I define two symmetry loop algebras L i (β), i=1,2, by choosing the 'basic generators' differently. These L i (β) can be mapped isomorphically onto subalgebras of H 2 , of codimension two or three, revealing the reduction of symmetry. Both factor algebras L i (β)/I i (E,β), relative to the corresponding energy-dependent ideals I i (E,β), are isomorphic to so(3) and so(2,1) for E 0, respectively, just as for the pure Kepler case. However, they yield two different nonstandard contractions as E→0, namely to the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra h 3 =w 1 or to an Abelian Lie algebra, instead of the Euclidean algebra e(2) for the pure Kepler case. The above-noted example suggests a general procedure for defining generalized contractions, and also illustrates the 'deformation contraction hysteresis', where contraction which involves two contraction parameters can yield different contracted algebras, if the limits are carried out in different order

S&P ja Moody's : euro edasilükkumisest pole häda

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Finansovõi Menedzhment : infovõpusk nr. 7 sept. lk. 9. Reitinguagentuurid Standard & Poor's ning Moody's Investors Service ei pea probleemiks Eestis euro kasutuselevõtmise edasilükkumist, kuid märgivad, et euroliiduga ühinemine võib vähendada kiire majandusarenguga kaasnevaid riske

Short periodic oscillations of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haefner, R.; Schoembs, R.

1977-01-01

A coherent oscillation of approximately 88 s period and 0.m005 amplitude was detected during the decline stage at the end of the long eruption of VW Hyi in December 1975. The period changed erratically between 86 and 90 s during eight nights. There are indications that the amplitude depends on the phase of the orbital revolution. The new period favours models in which such oscillations are caused by the orbital motion of inhomogeneities in the disc. (orig.) [de

Two-dimensional RCFT’s without Kac-Moody symmetry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hampapura, Harsha R. [Indian Institute of Science Education and Research,Homi Bhabha Rd, Pashan, Pune 411 008 (India); Mukhi, Sunil [Indian Institute of Science Education and Research,Homi Bhabha Rd, Pashan, Pune 411 008 (India); Yukawa Institute of Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606-8502 (Japan)

2016-07-28

Using the method of modular-invariant differential equations, we classify a family of Rational Conformal Field Theories with two and three characters having no Kac-Moody algebra. In addition to unitary and non-unitary minimal models, we find “dual” theories whose characters obey bilinear relations with those of the minimal models to give the Moonshine Module. In some ways this relation is analogous to cosets of meromorphic CFT’s. The theory dual in this sense to the Ising model has central charge (47/2) and is related to the Baby Monster Module.

q-deformation of ''W3'', Virasoro and U(1)-Kac-Moody algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Hassouni, A.; Tahri, E.H.; Zakkari, M.

1995-07-01

A deformation of the algebra of infinite matrices gl(∞, C) is given. We show that this operation leads to the realization of a deformed ''W 3 '' like algebra. The central extension of the q-U(1) Kac-Moody and the q-Virasoro algebra is performed. (author). 10 refs

Microstructure of HFIR-irradiated 12-Cr 1 MoVW ferritic steel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vitek, J.M.; Klueh, R.L.

1983-01-01

As part of the fusion materials development program in the United States, a 12 Cr-1 MoVW ferritic steel was irradiated in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) to a damage level of 36 dpa at 300, 400, 500, and 600 0 C. During irradiation in HFIR, a transmutation reaction of nickel results in the production of helium, to a level of 99 at. ppM in the present experiment. The microstructures were evaluated after irradiation and the results are presented. Cavities were found at all temperatures. Small cavities (3 to 9 nm) were observed after irradiation at 300, 500 and 600 0 C. At 500 and 600 0 C, the cavities were found preferentially at dislocations, lath boundaries, and prior austenite grain boundaries. After irradiation at 400 0 C, larger cavities (4 to 30 nm) were observed homogeneously distributed throughout the tempered martensite structure. The maximum swelling was 0.07% after irradiation at 400 0 C. Comparision of the results with other studies in which helium was not present at such high levels indicated helium enhances the swelling of 12 Cr-1 MoVW

Multiwavelength monitoring of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amerongen, S. van; Damen, E.; Groot, M.; Kraakman, H.; Parakijs, J. van

1987-01-01

Results are presented of five-colour photometric observations (Walraven system) of VW Hyi, made between 1984 July and November, as part of a long-term multiwavelength study of this dwarf nova. The average orbital light and colour curves during quiescence are accurately defined. Apart from a slow decay following outburst during the first quarter of a quiescent interval, neither the average brightness nor the maximum and minimum brightness show a significant secular trend between outbursts. The 3σ upper limits to a secular change in average brightness during the last three-quarters of a quiescent interval range between 0.16 and 0.20 mag in the five passbands. (author)

Multiwavelength monitoring of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Polidan, R.S.; Holberg, J.B.

1987-01-01

Results from Voyager far-ultraviolet (500-1200 A) observations of the dwarf nova VW Hyi are presented as part of a coordinated, multiwavelength programme. Data from one normal outburst and one superoutburst are discussed in detail. Far-ultraviolet (1050 A) light curves are produced showing a significant delay (0.5 day) in the rise to maximum at 1050 A with respect to optical wavelengths, followed by a simultaneous decline. The superoutburst data show a distinct double-peaked light curve with the first rise and decline closely resembling that of a normal outburst. These data suggest that the rise to supermaximum in the far-ultraviolet is also delayed with respect to optical wavelengths. (author)

Multiwavelength monitoring of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Verbunt, F.; Hassall, B.J.M.; Pringle, J.E.; Warner, B.; Marang, F.

1987-01-01

International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) observations are presented of VW Hyi obtained between 1984 September 21 and November 10 during quiescence, three ordinary outbursts and one superoutburst. During quiescence the ultraviolet fluxes fall slowly but systematically. During the rise to outburst peak the ultraviolet flux always lags behind the optical flux, but the magnitude of the lag is variable. The flux distributions measured during the decline from different ordinary outbursts and from the superoutburst all have approximately the same slope. The superoutburst starts with an initial rise of the fluxes to the level of an ordinary maximum. Subsequently the fluxes at the short wavelengths decline markedly before the rise is resumed to the superoutburst maximum. (author)

Frobenius splitting of thick flag manifolds of Kac-Moody algebras

OpenAIRE

Kato, Syu

2017-01-01

We explain that the Pl\\"ucker relations provide the defining equations of the thick flag manifold associated to a Kac-Moody algebra. This naturally transplant the result of Kumar-Mathieu-Schwede about the Frobenius splitting of thin flag manifolds to the thick case. As a consequence, we provide a description of the global sections of line bundles of a thick Schubert variety as conjectured in Kashiwara-Shimozono [Duke Math. J. 148 (2009)]. This also yields the existence of a compatible basis o...

Hamiltonian reduction of Kac-Moody algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kimura, Kazuhiro

1991-01-01

Feigin-Fucks construction provides us methods to treat rational conformal theories in terms of free fields. This formulation enables us to describe partition functions and correlation functions in the Fock space of free fields. There are several attempt extending to supersymmetric theories. In this report authors present an explicit calculation of the Hamiltonian reduction based on the free field realization. In spite of the results being well-known, the relations can be clearly understood in the language of bosons. Authors perform the hamiltonian reduction by imposing a constraint with appropriate gauge transformations which preserve the constraint. This approaches enables us to gives the geometric interpretation of super Virasoro algebras and relations of the super gravity. In addition, author discuss the properties of quantum groups by using the explicit form of the group element. It is also interesting to extend to super Kac-Moody algebras. (M.N.)

Multiwavelength monitoring of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woerd, H. van der; Heise, J.

1987-01-01

This paper presents the X-ray observations made as part of the multiwavelength study of the dwarf nova VW Hyi. The X-ray monitoring covered 2 months in 1984. Three normal outbursts, a superoutburst and the quiescent intervals between those outbursts were observed. During quiescence the X-ray flux decreases by a factor of 1.2 to 1.6, which implies that the accretion rate on to the white dwarf decreases by approximately the same factor. The observations during quiescence are consistent with emission from an optically thin, hot (T approx.= 10 8 K) corona. During outburst the X-ray flux increases by two orders of magnitude. The spectrum is characterized as extremely soft, with dominant emission at wavelength above 170 A. (author)

Observations of the late superhump in VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Der Woerd, H.; Van Der Klis, M.; Van Paradijs, J.; Beuermann, K.; Motch, C.

1988-01-01

This paper presents the results of simultaneous optical and near-IR photometry, optical fast spectroscopy, and Exosat X-ray observations of the dwarf nova VW Hyi, obtained simultaneously during three consecutive orbital cycles, approximately two days after the 1983 November superoutburst terminated. The optical data show clear evidence for a late superhump, which is shifted + 0.7 in phase relative to the orbital modulation. An attempt is made to derive from the observed spectral distribution the contribution of the late superhump. The orbital hump and the late superhump apparently are not related to each other. This important effect excludes all models, in which the late superhump phenomenon is interpreted in terms of variations in the bright-spot brightness. 43 references

First Person Past: American Autobiographies, Volume 2

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

American literature, biography, Tunis Campbell, Black Elk, Andrew Carnegie, Booker T. Washington, Mary Antin, Mary Jones, Frederic Howe, Anna Howard Shaw, Woody Guthrie, Monica Sone, Anne Moody, Ron Kovic......American literature, biography, Tunis Campbell, Black Elk, Andrew Carnegie, Booker T. Washington, Mary Antin, Mary Jones, Frederic Howe, Anna Howard Shaw, Woody Guthrie, Monica Sone, Anne Moody, Ron Kovic...

DISCOVERY OF MAIN-BELT COMET P/2006 VW{sub 139} BY Pan-STARRS1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hsieh, Henry H.; Yang Bin; Haghighipour, Nader; Kaluna, Heather M.; Denneau, Larry; Jedicke, Robert; Wainscoat, Richard J.; Armstrong, James D.; Micheli, Marco; Keane, Jacqueline V.; Urban, Laurie; Riesen, Timm; Meech, Karen J. [Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822 (United States); Fitzsimmons, Alan [Astrophysics Research Centre, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN (United Kingdom); Novakovic, Bojan [Department of Astronomy, Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade (Serbia); Duddy, Samuel R.; Lowry, Stephen C. [Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH (United Kingdom); Trujillo, Chadwick A. [Gemini Observatory, Northern Operations Center, 670 N. Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 (United States); Abe, Shinsuke; Cheng, Yu-Chi, E-mail: hsieh@ifa.hawaii.edu [Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, 300 Jhongda Rd, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan (China); and others

2012-03-20

The main-belt asteroid (300163) 2006 VW{sub 139} (later designated P/2006 VW{sub 139}) was discovered to exhibit comet-like activity by the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) survey telescope using automated point-spread-function analyses performed by PS1's Moving Object Processing System. Deep follow-up observations show both a short ({approx}10'') antisolar dust tail and a longer ({approx}60'') dust trail aligned with the object's orbit plane, similar to the morphology observed for another main-belt comet (MBC), P/2010 R2 (La Sagra), and other well-established comets, implying the action of a long-lived, sublimation-driven emission event. Photometry showing the brightness of the near-nucleus coma remaining constant over {approx}30 days provides further evidence for this object's cometary nature, suggesting it is in fact an MBC, and not a disrupted asteroid. A spectroscopic search for CN emission was unsuccessful, though we find an upper limit CN production rate of Q{sub CN} < 1.3 Multiplication-Sign 10{sup 24} mol s{sup -1}, from which we infer a water production rate of Q{sub H{sub 2O}}<10{sup 26} mol s{sup -1}. We also find an approximately linear optical spectral slope of 7.2%/1000 A, similar to other cometary dust comae. Numerical simulations indicate that P/2006 VW{sub 139} is dynamically stable for >100 Myr, while a search for a potential asteroid family around the object reveals a cluster of 24 asteroids within a cutoff distance of 68 m s{sup -1}. At 70 m s{sup -1}, this cluster merges with the Themis family, suggesting that it could be similar to the Beagle family to which another MBC, 133P/Elst-Pizarro, belongs.

Final Environmental Assessment (EA) for Modification of Airspace Units R-3008A/B/C from Visual Flight Rules (VFR) to VFR-Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) at Moody Air Force Base, Georgia

Science.gov (United States)

2015-09-30

RULES ( IFR ) AT MOODY AIR FORCE BASE, GEORGIA September 2015 Finding of No Significant Impact Modification of Airspace Units R-3008A/B/C from...Interactions with Federally- Recognized Tribes. These tribal governments were also consulted regarding impacts to Final EA for VFR- IFR in R-3008A/B/C at Moody...analysis would focus on impacts to these Final EA for VFR- IFR in R-3008A/B/C at Moody AFB September 2015 2-5 resources from proposed activities

Grassmann, super-Kac-Moody and super-derivation algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frappat, L.; Ragoucy, E.; Sorba, P.

1989-05-01

We study the cyclic cocycles of degree one on the Grassmann algebra and on the super-circle with N supersymmetries (i.e. the tensor product of the algebra of functions on the circle times a Grassmann algebra with N generators). They are related to central extensions of graded loop algebras (i.e. super-Kac-Moody algebras). The corresponding algebras of super-derivations have to be compatible with the cocycle characterizing the extension; we give a general method for determining these algebras and examine in particular the cases N = 1,2,3. We also discuss their relations with the Ademollo et al. algebras, and examine the possibility of defining new kinds of super-conformal algebras, which, for N > 1, generalize the N = 1 Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz algebra

A realisation of q-deformed of U(1)-Kac Moody and Virasoro algebras through the a-bar∞ algebra

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Hassouni, A.; Zakkari, M.

1995-11-01

A representation of one parameter deformation of U(1)-Kac Moody and Virasoro algebras is obtained through the infinite matrix algebra a-bar ∞ . Their central extensions are also investigated. (author). 19 refs

Kac-Moody-Virasoro Symmetries and Related Conservation Laws

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lou, S. Y.; Jia, M.; Tang, X. Y.

2010-01-01

In this report, some important facts on the symmetries and conservation laws of high dimensional integrable systems are discussed. It is summarized that almost all the known (2+1)-dimensional integrable models possess the Kac-Moody-Virasoro (KMV) symmetry algebras. One knows that infinitely many partial differential equations may possess a same KMV symmetry algebra. It is found that the KMV symmetry groups can be explicitly obtained by using some direct methods. For some quite general variable coefficient nonlinear systems, their sufficient and necessary condition for the existence of the KMV symmetry algebra is they can be changed to the related known constant coefficient models. Finally, it is found that every one symmetry may be related to infinitely many conservation laws and then infinitely many models may possess a same set of infinitely many conservation laws.

Ward identities and differential equations for supercharacters of N = 1 super-Kac-Moody algebras on supertorus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Chaoshang; Xu Kaiwen; Zhao Zhiyong.

1989-09-01

By using Bernard's method, the Ward identities for N = 1 super-Kac-Moody algebras on supertorus are completely given in the sense that any correlation function with currents inserted in it can be reduced from the correlation functions without insertion. The differential equations for the super-characters on supertorus are derived from the Ward identities. (author). 7 refs

Installation Restoration Program, Phase II - Confirmation/Quantification Stage I, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia.

Science.gov (United States)

1985-12-01

Confirmation/Quantification. Moody AFB- GA _____ S12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) .. ’ Steinberg J.A. and Thiess, W.G. 13.& TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 14I. DATE...2.3.2 Soils On the high ground western portion of the base, the surface soils are mostly in the Tifton series. The soil profile consists of about 2 to...Florida Department of Environmental Regulation FWQS Florida Water Quality Standards gpd Gallons per day gpm Gallons per minute GC Gas chromatograph

Kac-Moody algebras and string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cleaver, G.B.

1993-01-01

The focus of this thesis is on (1) the role of Kac-Moody algebras in string theory and the development of techniques for systematically building string theory models based on a higher level (K ≥ 2) KM algebras and (2) fractional superstrings, a new class of solutions based on SU(2) K /U(1) conformal field theories. The content of this thesis is as follows. In chapter two they review KM algebras and their role in string theory. In the next chapter they present two results concerning the construction of modular invariant partition functions for conformal field theories build by tensoring together other conformal field theories. First they show how the possible modular invariants for the tensor product theory are constrained if the allowed modular invariants of the individuals conformal field theory factors have been classified. They illustrate the use of these constraints for theories of the type SU(2) KA direct-product SU(2) KB , finding all consistent theories for K A and K B odd. Second they show how known diagonal modular invariants can be used to construct inherently asymmetric invariants where the holomorphic and anti-holomorphic theories do not share the same chiral algebra. Explicit examples are given. Next, in chapter four they investigate some issues relating to recently proposed fractional superstring theories with D critical K/4 K/4 , as source of spacetime fermions, is demonstrated

Preliminary Experiments for the Assessment of VW-Band Links for Space-Earth Communications

Science.gov (United States)

Nessel, James A.; Acosta, Roberto J.; Miranda, Felix A.

2013-01-01

Since September 2012, NASA Glenn Research Center has deployed a microwave profiling radiometer at White Sands, NM, to estimate atmospheric propagation effects on communications links in the V and W bands (71-86GHz). Estimates of attenuation statistics in the millimeter wave due to gaseous and cloud components of the atmosphere show good agreement with current ITU-R models, but fail to predict link performance in the presence of moderate to heavy rain rates, due to the inherent limitations of passive radiometry. Herein, we discuss the preliminary results of these measurements and describe a design for a terrestrial link experiment to validaterefine existing rain attenuation models in the VW-bands.

Quasi exceptional E12 Lie symmetry group with 685 dimensions, KAC-Moody algebra and E-infinity Cantorian spacetime

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El Naschie, M.S.

2008-01-01

The short note gives a derivation for a new E12 exceptional Lie group corresponding to affine KAC-Moody algebra. We derive the dimension of the group by intersectionally embedding the intrinsic dimension of E8 namely D(E8) = 57 into the 12 spacetime dimensions of F theory and finding that Dim E12 = D(E8) (DF) + 1 = (57)(12) + 1 = 685

THE EFFECT OF A SUPEROUTBURST ON THE WHITE DWARF AND DISK OF VW HYDRI AS OBSERVED WITH FUSE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long, Knox S.; Gaensicke, Boris T.; Knigge, Christian; Froning, Cynthia S.; Monard, Berto

2009-01-01

We have used Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) to obtain a series of 13 observations of the nearby dwarf nova VW Hyi that cover the period from the end of a superoutburst through the following normal outburst of the system. Here, we present the quiescent spectra taken after each outburst event. The spectra obtained during quiescence contain at least three components. The dominant component over most of the FUSE wavelength range is the white dwarf (WD), which cools following the superoutburst. The amount of cooling is dependent on the WD models utilized. For log g of 8.0, the temperature drops from 24,000 K just after the outburst to 20,000 K just before the normal outburst. For this model, and for a distance of 65 pc, the radius of the WD is approximately 8 x 10 8 cm and v sin(i) is ∼420 km s -1 . The fact that the derived radius is smaller than expected for a WD with log g = 8 suggests a higher gravity WD or that VW Hyi is somewhat further than its canonical distance of 65 pc. Either is possible given the current uncertainty (±20 pc) in the distance to VW Hyi. Earlier suggestions that the WD photosphere show evidence of CNO processed material are confirmed, but our analysis also highlights the fact that significant issues remain in terms of analyzing the spectra of WDs in such unusual physical situations. The second component is relatively featureless and shows substantial modulation on the orbital (and just after outburst, the superhump) period. The second component is most likely associated with the hot spot where material from the secondary encounters the disk, rather than emission from the boundary layer region between the inner disk and WD. This second component fades about 10 days after the superoutburst. There is also a third component, clearly visible in terms of broad emission lines of C III λ977, N III λ991, and a combination of Lyβ and O VI λλ1032, 1038, which appears to be accompanied by a flat continuum. The strength of the

Heat treatment effects on impact toughness of 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels irradiated to 100 dpa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Klueh, R.L.; Alexander, D.J. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)

1997-08-01

Plates of 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels were given four different heat treatments: two normalizing treatments were used and for each normalizing treatment two tempers were used. Miniature Charpy specimens from each heat treatment were irradiated to {approx}19.5 dpa at 365{degrees}C and to {approx}100 dpa at 420{degrees}C in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). In previous work, the same materials were irradiated to 4-5 dpa at 365{degrees}C and 35-36 dpa at 420{degrees}C in FFTF. The tests indicated that prior austenite grain size, which was varied by the different normalizing treatments, had a significant effect on impact behavior of the 9Cr-1MoVNb but not on the 12Cr-1MoVW. Tempering treatment had relatively little effect on the shift in DBTT for both steels. Conclusions are presented on how heat treatment can be used to optimize impact properties.

Heat treatment effects on impact toughness of 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels irradiated to 100 dpa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klueh, R.L.; Alexander, D.J.

1997-01-01

Plates of 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels were given four different heat treatments: two normalizing treatments were used and for each normalizing treatment two tempers were used. Miniature Charpy specimens from each heat treatment were irradiated to ∼19.5 dpa at 365 degrees C and to ∼100 dpa at 420 degrees C in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). In previous work, the same materials were irradiated to 4-5 dpa at 365 degrees C and 35-36 dpa at 420 degrees C in FFTF. The tests indicated that prior austenite grain size, which was varied by the different normalizing treatments, had a significant effect on impact behavior of the 9Cr-1MoVNb but not on the 12Cr-1MoVW. Tempering treatment had relatively little effect on the shift in DBTT for both steels. Conclusions are presented on how heat treatment can be used to optimize impact properties

Algebraic proofs for shallow water bi-Hamiltonian systems for three cocycle of the semi-direct product of Kac-Moody and Virasoro Lie algebras

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Zuevsky, Alexander

2018-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 1 (2018), s. 1-8 ISSN 2391-5455 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : Kac-Moody Lie algebras * cocycles Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics OBOR OECD: Pure mathematics Impact factor: 0.682, year: 2016 https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/math.2018.16.issue-1/math-2018-0002/math-2018-0002. xml

Algebraic proofs for shallow water bi-Hamiltonian systems for three cocycle of the semi-direct product of Kac-Moody and Virasoro Lie algebras

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Zuevsky, Alexander

2018-01-01

Roč. 16, č. 1 (2018), s. 1-8 ISSN 2391-5455 Institutional support: RVO:67985840 Keywords : Kac-Moody Lie algebras * cocycles Subject RIV: BA - General Mathematics OBOR OECD: Pure mathematics Impact factor: 0.682, year: 2016 https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/math.2018.16.issue-1/math-2018-0002/math-2018-0002.xml

The Fall and the Rise of X-Rays from Dwarf Novae in Outburst: RXTE Observations of VW Hydri and WW Ceti

Science.gov (United States)

Fertig, D.; Mukai, K.; Nelson, T.; Cannizzo, J. K.

2011-01-01

In a dwarf nova, the accretion disk around the white dwarf is a source of ultraviolet, optical, and infrared photons, but is never hot enough to emit X-rays. Observed X-rays instead originate from the boundary layer between the disk and the white dwarf. As the disk switches between quiescence and outburst states, the 2-10 keV X-ray flux is usually seen to be anti-correlated with the optical brightness. Here we present RXTE monitoring observations of two dwarf novae, VW Hyi and WW Cet, confirming the optical/X-ray anti-correlation in these two systems. However, we do not detect any episodes of increased hard X-ray flux on the rise (out of two possible chances for WW Cet) or the decline (two for WW Cet and one for VW Hyi) from outburst, attributes that are clearly established in SS Cyg. The addition of these data to the existing literature establishes the fact that the behavior of SS Cyg is the exception, rather than the archetype as is often assumed. We speculate that only dwarf novae with a massive white dwarf may show these hard X-ray spikes.

On the completeness of the canonical reductions from Kac-Moody to W-algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McGlinn, W.

1997-01-01

We study the question as to whether the canonical reductions of Kac-Moody (KM) algebras to W-algebras are exhaustive. We first review and consolidate previous results. In particular we show that, apart from the two lowest grades, the canonical reductions are the only ones that respect the physically reasonable requirement that the W-algebra have no negative conformal weights. We then break new ground by formulating a condition that the W-algebra be differential polynomial. We apply the condition that the W-algebra be polynomial (in a particular gauge) and primary to the groups SL(N,R) with integral SL(2,R) embeddings. We find that, subject to some reasonable technical assumptions, the canonical reductions are exhaustive (except possibly at grade one). The derivation suggests that similar results hold for the other classes of simple groups. (orig.)

Corrosion of path A PCA and 12 Cr-1 MoVW steel in thermally convective lithium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tortorelli, P.F.; DeVan, J.H.

1984-01-01

Exposure of path A PCA alloys to thermally convective lithium for 6700 h at 600 and 570 0 C resulted in corrosion reactions that were similar to what is observed for other austenitic alloys exposed under similar conditions. It corroded more rapidly than type 316 stainless steel, and the presence of nitride stringers in PCA did not affect the measured weight losses. Consideration of the weight change and surface analysis data for 12 Cr-1 MoVW steel exposed to thermally convective lithium between 500 and 350 0 C for 10,088 h revealed that reactions with carbon and nitrogen were probably the principal corrosion processes for this alloy in this temperature range. Corrosion was not severe

Corrosion of an Fe-12 Cr-1 Mo VW steel in thermally-convective lithium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tortorelli, P.F.; DeVan, J.H.

1983-01-01

A thermal-convection loop of Fe-12 Cr-1 Mo VW steel circulated pure lithium between 500 and 350 0 C for 10,088 h. Periodic weighings of coupons at different temperatures around the loop revealed small weight losses and corrosion rates. Surface analysis showed a relatively thin corrosion layer with an underlying carbide-free zone and some depletion of chromium from the hottest specimen. While some mass transfer of chromium and nickel was detected, this mechanism did not strongly influence the weight loss process as it does with austenitic steels. Therefore, it appeared that reactions with carbon and nitrogen must be the dominant corrosion processes such that weight loss was maximized at the lowest temperature (350 0 C). Overall, the lithium-steel reactions in the temperature range of this experiment were relatively sluggish and the corrosion was not severe

On the X-ray emitting boundary layer of the dwarf nova VW Hydri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mauche, C.W.; Wade, R.A.; Polidan, R.S.; Van der woerd, H.; Paerels, F.B.S.

1991-01-01

The temperature and luminosity of the boundary layer of VW Hyi are constrained to kT(BL) of about 10.5 eV, and L(BL) of about 6 x 10 to the 32nd (d/65 pc)squared ergs/sec. This is based on Voyager far- and extreme-ultraviolet spectrophotometry and a measurement of the column density of neutral hydrogen, combined with Exosat LE filter observations. Results are compared with the accretion-disk luminosity found by Polidan et al. (1990) using concurrent optical, IUE, and Voyager spectrophotometric observations. The value of zeta is found to be about 0.04, although theoretical predictions show comparable luminosities at the boundary layer and the accretion disk - zeta is identical to L(BL)/L(disk), which is about 1 - unless the white dwarf rotates very rapidly. Severe contamination of filter observations due to light from the inner accretion disk is also found. This contamination had previously been understood as a result of the luminous ultrasoft boundary layer. 21 refs

Ultraviolet and optical observations of the dwarf novae VW and WX Hydri during outburst

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hassall, B.J.M.; Pringle, J.E.; Schwarzenberge-Czerny, A.; Wade, R.A.; Whelan, J.A.J.; Hill, P.W.

1983-01-01

Simultaneous spectrophotometry in the range 1200-7000 A, of the dwarf novae at quiescence and maximum is presented. The continuum spectra are compared with the standard model disc spectrum and, with one exception, the fit is poor. The assumptions that the disc is both steady-state and blackbody are reconsidered and it is pointed out that a νsup(1/3) spectrum is not to be expected from a disc sufficiently small to be accommodated within these short binary period systems. On the rise to outburst the UV flux in VW Hydri is observed to lag at least one day behind the optical, supporting the mass accretion event explanation of dwarf nova outbursts. The behaviour of the UV and optical line features during outbursts is described, in particular, the P Cygni features observed in a super-outburst of WX Hydri, from which a mass loss rate is estimated, small compared with the mass transfer rate from the secondary star. (author)

Rotordynamic analysis for stepped-labyrinth gas seals using moody's friction-factor model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ha, Tae Woong

2001-01-01

The governing equations are derived for the analysis of a stepped labyrinth gas seal generally used in high performance compressors, gas turbines, and steam turbines. The bulk-flow is assumed for a single cavity control volume set up in a stepped labyrinth cavity and the flow is assumed to be completely turbulent in the circumferential direction. The Moody's wall-friction-factor model is used for the calculation of wall shear stresses in the single cavity control volume. For the reaction force developed by the stepped labyrinth gas seal, linearized zeroth-order and first-order perturbation equations are developed for small motion about a centered position. Integration of the resultant first-order pressure distribution along and around the seal defines the rotordynamic coefficients of the stepped labyrinth gas seal. The resulting leakage and rotordynamic characteristics of the stepped labyrinth gas seal are presented and compared with Scharrer's theoretical analysis using Blasius' wall-friction-factor model. The present analysis shows a good qualitative agreement of leakage characteristics with Scharrer's analysis, but underpredicts by about 20 %. For the rotordynamic coefficients, the present analysis generally yields smaller predicted values compared with Scharrer's analysis

Thermal convection loop experiments and analysis of mass transport process in Lithium/Fe-12Cr-1MoVW systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bell, G.E.C.

1988-01-01

Lithium is an attractive coolant and breeder material for first- generation fusion reactor blankets. The compatibility of lithium with structural alloys, in the form of mass transport and deposition, may impose restrictions on blanket operating parameters such as temperature and lithium purity. A ferritic steel, such as Fe-12CrlMoVW, is a candidate for use as a structural alloy in a self-cooled lithium blanket design. Experimental data on mass transport in lithium/Fe-12CrlMoVW were obtained from two thermal convection loops which spanned the fusion relevant temperature range; one operated from 360 to 505/degree/C for 3040 hours and the other from 525 to 655/degree/C for 2510 hours. The experimental effort was supported by analysis of the mechanisms and processes of mass transport and deposition. It was found that mass transport and deposition, as measured by specimen weight change, were not simple functions of temperature for the entire temperature range investigated. The mass transfer behavior and surface morphology at low temperatures were dominated by impurity reactions of nitrogen and carbon in the lithium with the steel. In the experiment between 360 and 505/degree/C, nitrogen levels were sufficient below 450/degree/C to allow the formation of the adherent, protective corrosion product Li 9 CrN 5 . Weight losses in the 360 to 505/degree/C experiment were insensitive to temperature below 450/degree/C. Between 450 and 505/degree/C, the precipitation of carbon in the form of chromium-rich M 23 C 6 (M = Fe or Cr) carbides, due to the formation of Li 9 CrN 5 and corresponding release of carbon, resulted in weight gains for the highest temperature specimens in the experiment. 98 refs., 83 figs., 9 tabs

Kac-Moody Eisenstein series in string theory

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fleig, Philipp

2013-12-19

infinite dimensional) symmetry groups, known as Kac-Moody groups. While a large part of this thesis is dedicated to the mathematical problem of calculating the Fourier expansion of these series, our results are also explained within the relevant physical context.

Kac-Moody Eisenstein series in string theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fleig, Philipp

2013-01-01

dimensional) symmetry groups, known as Kac-Moody groups. While a large part of this thesis is dedicated to the mathematical problem of calculating the Fourier expansion of these series, our results are also explained within the relevant physical context.

Causing a Ruckus: Complicity and Performance in Stories of Port Moody

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthew Hayes

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This article is about the suicide of the chief of police of a small Canadian town, which - according to some - did not actually happen. While employed as a researcher and writer with a museum in Port Moody, British Columbia, the author heard this story as one of many told by the ‘old-timers’ who assisted with the writing of a history book. The controversy over the potential suicide provided the means by which this article reflects on issues of ethics, advocacy, and performance when doing public history. The main request of the old-timers was to ‘put the good stories in’ when writing the book. This expectation caused tension between the author and the museum, reflecting the divide between doing ‘history’ and ‘heritage’. This article draws on Anthropological theories of ‘complicity’ and performance in storytelling to make sense of the author’s role within the context of a museum working to record the stories of long-time residents. The stories of the old-timers were filtered through the lens of early 20th century ideas about gender, race, and class, and affected by a lingering frontier mentality. As such, they wished to see their town’s history told in a very specific way. The story of the police chief’s suicide betrayed this intent, allowing for an analysis of how these expectations can affect the way in which public history is done.

Inflammation in disseminated lesions: an analysis of CD4+, CD20+, CD68+, CD31+ and vW+ cells in non-ulcerated lesions of disseminated leishmaniasis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dayana Santos Mendes

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Disseminated leishmaniasis (DL differs from other clinical forms of the disease due to the presence of many non-ulcerated lesions (papules and nodules in non-contiguous areas of the body. We describe the histopathology of DL non-ulcerated lesions and the presence of CD4-, CD20-, CD68-, CD31- and von Willebrand factor (vW-positive cells in the inflamed area. We analysed eighteen biopsies from non-ulcerated lesions and quantified the inflamed areas and the expression of CD4, CD20, CD68, CD31 and vW using Image-Pro software (Media Cybernetics. Diffuse lymphoplasmacytic perivascular infiltrates were found in dermal skin. Inflammation was observed in 3-73% of the total biopsy area and showed a significant linear correlation with the number of vW+ vessels. The most common cells were CD68+ macrophages, CD20+ B-cells and CD4+ T-cells. A significant linear correlation between CD4+ and CD20+ cells and the size of the inflamed area was also found. Our findings show chronic inflammation in all DL non-ulcerated lesions predominantly formed by macrophages, plasmacytes and T and B-cells. As the inflamed area expanded, the number of granulomas and extent of the vascular framework increased. Thus, we demonstrate that vessels may have an important role in the clinical evolution of DL lesions.

X-ray convergent beam pattern simulation using the Moodie-Wagenfeld equations: 3-beam Laue case

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu, L.; Goodman, P.

1998-01-01

Pattern simulations for 3-beam X-ray diffraction are presented, by multi-slice calculations based on Moodie and Wagenfeld's formulation of the X-ray equations, which factorise Maxwell's equations into Dirac format, using circular-polarisation bases. The results are presented in the form of convergent-beam patterns for each diffraction order, using experience gained from CBED (convergent beam electron diffraction) and LACBED (large-angle CBED), since this displays the results in the most compact form. The acronym CBXRAD (convergent-beam X-ray-diffraction) is used for these patterns. Although optics required for the complete patterns is not currently available, capillary focussing is undergoing rapid development, and our simulations define critical angular ranges within reach of current designs. Simulations for light and heavy-atoms structures belonging to the enantiomorphic space-group pair P3 1 21 and P3 2 21, provide clear evidence of chiral interaction between radiation and structure, highlighting divergences from the well studied CBED pattern symmetries. MoKα 1 and TaKα 1 wavelengths were used to minimise absorption for the two structures respectively, although 'anomalous absorption' is always important due to the large thicknesses required (up to 20 mm)

The recommendation of line-balancing improvement on MCM product line 1 using genetics algorithm and moodie young at XYZ Company, Co.

Science.gov (United States)

Sriwana, I. K.; Marie, I. A.; Mangala, D.

2017-12-01

Kencana Gemilang, Co. is one electronics industry engaging in the manufacture sector. This company manufactures and assembles household electronic products, such as rice cooker, fan, iron, blender, etc. The company deals with an issue of underachievement of an established production target on MCM products line 1. This study aimed to calculate line efficiencies, delay times, and initial line smoothness indexes. The research was carried out by means of depicting a precedence diagram and gathering time data of each work element followed by examination and calculation of standard time as well as line balancing using methods of Moodie Young and Generics Algorithm. Based on results of calculation, better line balancing than the existing initial conditions, i.e. improvement in the line efficiency by 18.39%, deterioration in balanced delay by 28.39%, and deterioration of a smoothness index by 23.85% was obtained.

HUBBLE AND KECK TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF ACTIVE ASTEROID 288P/300163 (2006 VW139)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agarwal, Jessica; Jewitt, David; Weaver, Harold; Mutchler, Max; Larson, Stephen

2016-01-01

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Keck 10 m telescope observations of active asteroid 288P/300163 (2006 VW139) taken to examine ejected dust. The nucleus is a C-type object with absolute magnitude H V = 17.0 ± 0.1 and estimated diameter ∼2.6 km (for assumed visual geometric albedo p V = 0.04). Variations in the brightness of the nucleus at the 10%–15% level are significant in both 2011 December and 2012 October but we possess too few data to distinguish variations caused by activity from those caused by rotation. The dust scattering cross-section in 2011 December is ∼40 km 2 , corresponding to a dust mass ∼9 × 10 6 kg (88 μm mean particle radius assumed). The FWHM of the debris sheet varies from ∼100 km near the nucleus to ∼1000 km 30″ (40,000 km) east of it. Dust dynamical models indicate ejection speeds between 0.06 and 0.3 m s −1 , particle sizes between 10 and 300 μm and an inverse square-root relation between particle size and velocity. Overall, the data are most simply explained by prolonged, low velocity ejection of dust, starting in or before 2011 July and continuing until at least 2011 October. These properties are consistent with the sublimation of near-surface ice aided by centrifugal forces. The high spatial resolution of our HST images (52 km pixel −1 ) reveals details that remained hidden in previous ground-based observations, such as the extraordinarily small vertical extent of the dust sheet, ejection speeds well below the nucleus escape speed, and the possibility of a binary nucleus

HUBBLE AND KECK TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF ACTIVE ASTEROID 288P/300163 (2006 VW139)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Agarwal, Jessica [Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, D-37077 Göttingen (Germany); Jewitt, David [Department Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, UCLA, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Box 951567 Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567 (United States); Weaver, Harold [The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Road, Laurel, MD 20723 (United States); Mutchler, Max [Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States); Larson, Stephen, E-mail: agarwal@mps.mpg.de [Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 1629 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721-0092 (United States)

2016-01-15

We present Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Keck 10 m telescope observations of active asteroid 288P/300163 (2006 VW139) taken to examine ejected dust. The nucleus is a C-type object with absolute magnitude H{sub V} = 17.0 ± 0.1 and estimated diameter ∼2.6 km (for assumed visual geometric albedo p{sub V} = 0.04). Variations in the brightness of the nucleus at the 10%–15% level are significant in both 2011 December and 2012 October but we possess too few data to distinguish variations caused by activity from those caused by rotation. The dust scattering cross-section in 2011 December is ∼40 km{sup 2}, corresponding to a dust mass ∼9 × 10{sup 6} kg (88 μm mean particle radius assumed). The FWHM of the debris sheet varies from ∼100 km near the nucleus to ∼1000 km 30″ (40,000 km) east of it. Dust dynamical models indicate ejection speeds between 0.06 and 0.3 m s{sup −1}, particle sizes between 10 and 300 μm and an inverse square-root relation between particle size and velocity. Overall, the data are most simply explained by prolonged, low velocity ejection of dust, starting in or before 2011 July and continuing until at least 2011 October. These properties are consistent with the sublimation of near-surface ice aided by centrifugal forces. The high spatial resolution of our HST images (52 km pixel{sup −1}) reveals details that remained hidden in previous ground-based observations, such as the extraordinarily small vertical extent of the dust sheet, ejection speeds well below the nucleus escape speed, and the possibility of a binary nucleus.

Nicole Matthews & Nickianne Moody, eds., Judging a Book by Its Cover: Fans, Publishers, Designers, and the Marketing of Fiction.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thomas Van Parys

2010-01-01

Full Text Available

Judging a Book by Its Cover: Fans, Publishers, Designers, and the Marketing of Fiction

Nicole Matthews & Nickianne Moody, eds.,

CICLO DE VIDA DO GOL VW: UMA ANÁLISE DAS UNIDADES VENDIDAS NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO ENTRE OS ANOS 1987 E 2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo de Tarso Braga

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Nos últimos anos, o segmento de veículos automotores no Brasil vem sofrendo significativas mudanças em função das transformações do cenário econômico, tanto nacional como internacional. A abertura comercial e financeira do país provocou uma reestruturação do setor, no sentido de globalização da cadeia produtiva e de relações comerciais. A análise do ciclo de vida pode auxiliar a identificar a maturidade do produto, concedendo assim um diferencial em relação às empresas concorrentes. O trabalho tem por objetivo identificar, por meio da observação do comportamento das unidades vendidas do veículo Gol VW (fabricado pela Volkswagen do Brasil no mercado brasileiro no período de 1987 até 2010, a aderência entre o ciclo de vida e as estratégias de renovação do produto por parte da fabricante. O comportamento dos dados sugere fases de ciclo de vida definidas para cada geração e que a empresa utiliza estratégias de prolongamento da permanência do veículo no mercado.

Microfacies of mappable Archean biomats, Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa

Science.gov (United States)

Gamper, Antonia; Heubeck, Christoph; Ohnemueller, Frank; Walsh, Maud

2010-05-01

The ca. 3.22 Ga-old Moodies Group, Barberton Mountain Land, South Africa, arguably includes the world's oldest regionally mappable biofacies. There, abundant smooth, wavy, domal or cuspate, interwoven or parallel-stratified laminae of isotopically light kerogen (Noffke et al. 2006) in shallow-water or coastal environments show a microtopography of several cm, deform cohesively, trap and bind grains, and were surficially rapidly silicified. In order to investigate the microfacies and habitat of these extensive biomats, we measured stratigraphic sections, sampled for petrography and composition, and documented sedimentary structures throughout. Seven stratigraphic sections allow the reconstruction of a coastal depositional system with an thickness of approx. 240 m along an > 11 km long outcrop belt. The system can be subdivided in (from base to top deepening) terrestrial coastal, low-angle shoreline, subtidal and shoreface facies. Biomats are most densely (mm- to cm-) spaced in the shoreface unit whereas they are least common in the basal terrestrial unit in which single-pebble trains and thin gravel conglomerates occur. Biomats (mean 4 mm thick) reach their greatest individual thickness (up to 0,8 cm) and dominate the spectrum of sedimentary structures in the subtidal unit where they form black, internally laminated chert bands. Most chert bands overlie lenses of elongate, well-sorted, coarse-grained sandstone but are in turn sharply overlain by medium- and fine-grained sandstone, suggesting cyclic current activity. Clustered or regularly spaced (sub-)vertical fluid escape structures penetrate and ductily deform densely spaced interwoven biomats. They occur most widely in the shoreface facies, show a mean height of 49 cm, are commonly offset horizontally, and reach up to 230 cm. The margins of several shallow (max. 1 m deep) and up to 8 m wide channels erosively truncate wrinkled biomats of the terrestrial coastal facies. Channel fill includes dominant medium- to

Studies in Aromatic and Amine Nitration.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-05-20

of Commerce, May 1978. 4. J. Hoggett , R. Moodie, F. Penton, and K. Schofield, Nitration and Aromatic Reactivity (Cambridge University Press, 1971). 5...Moodie, K. Schofield, and G. Tobin, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Comm., 180 (1978); (b) J. Hoggett , R. Moodie, and K. Schofield, Chem. Comm. 605 (1969). 10. (a) S...Lawrence Livermore Laboratories (Received, 5th Februaty 1980; Com. 124.) 42 ’(a) J. Hoggett , R. B. Moodie, J. R. Penton, and K. Schofield, in ’Nitration

Improvement of production layout based on optimum production balancing scale results by using Moodie Young and Comsoal method

Science.gov (United States)

Ikhsan, Siregar; Ulina Anastasia Sipangkar, Tri; Prasetio, Aji

2017-09-01

This research was conducted at a make to order production system company which is engaged in the car body of the vehicle. One of the products produced is dump truck which is one kind of transportation for the transport of goods equipped with hydraulics to facilitate goods’ loading and unloading process. The company has 7 work stations with different cycle times. Companies often experience delays in order delivery. The production process on the production floor has not been done optimally where there is a build up of work in process in some work centres. The build up of work in process (WIP) products is seen in the welding and painting stations. Stacking that occurs on the production line may cause the company to be liable for damages due to delays in product completion. The WIP occurs due to unbalanced paths can be seen from the variance of cycle time of each station is very diverse. The time difference of each work element is due to the allocation of work elements to each work centre unevenly. On the basis of the allocation of uneven work elements, the dump truck assembly line is made. The analysis is done by using Moodie Young and Comsoal method to do the balancing of production line. The result of layout improvement by using systematic layout planning (SLP) method is change the composition of the work centre from 7 into 4 work centre which enables the movement of material to be more effective and efficient so that it can get an efficient and effective production trajectory and can solve existing problems. The result of the track balancing is then used as a guide in constructing a new layout based on the balancing result with the most optimum method.

High-resolution vessel wall MRI for the evaluation of intracranial atherosclerotic disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Havenon, Adam [University of Utah, Department of Neurology, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Mossa-Basha, Mahmud [University of Washington, Department of Radiology, Seattle, WA (United States); Shah, Lubdha; Kim, Seong-Eun; Parker, Dennis; McNally, J.S. [University of Utah, Department of Radiology, Salt Lake City, UT (United States); Park, Min [University of Utah, Department of Neurosurgery, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)

2017-12-15

High-resolution vessel wall MRI (vwMRI) of the intracranial arteries is an emerging diagnostic imaging technique with the goal of evaluating vascular pathology. vwMRI sequences have high spatial resolution and directly image the vessel wall by suppressing blood signal. With vwMRI, it is possible to identify distinct morphologic and enhancement patterns of atherosclerosis that can provide important information about stroke etiology and recurrence risk. We present a review of vwMRI research in relation to intracranial atherosclerosis, with a focus on the relationship between ischemic stroke and atherosclerotic plaque T1 post-contrast enhancement or plaque/vessel wall morphology. The goal of this review is to provide readers with the most current understanding of the reliability, incidence, and importance of specific vwMRI findings in intracranial atherosclerosis, to guide their interpretation of vwMRI research, and help inform clinical interpretation of vwMRI. We will also provide a translational perspective on the existing vwMRI literature and insight into future vwMRI research questions and objectives. With increased use of high field strength MRI, powerful gradients, and improved pulse sequences, vwMRI will become standard-of-care in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cerebrovascular disease, making a firm grasp of its strengths and weakness important for neuroimagers. (orig.)

High-resolution vessel wall MRI for the evaluation of intracranial atherosclerotic disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Havenon, Adam; Mossa-Basha, Mahmud; Shah, Lubdha; Kim, Seong-Eun; Parker, Dennis; McNally, J.S.; Park, Min

2017-01-01

High-resolution vessel wall MRI (vwMRI) of the intracranial arteries is an emerging diagnostic imaging technique with the goal of evaluating vascular pathology. vwMRI sequences have high spatial resolution and directly image the vessel wall by suppressing blood signal. With vwMRI, it is possible to identify distinct morphologic and enhancement patterns of atherosclerosis that can provide important information about stroke etiology and recurrence risk. We present a review of vwMRI research in relation to intracranial atherosclerosis, with a focus on the relationship between ischemic stroke and atherosclerotic plaque T1 post-contrast enhancement or plaque/vessel wall morphology. The goal of this review is to provide readers with the most current understanding of the reliability, incidence, and importance of specific vwMRI findings in intracranial atherosclerosis, to guide their interpretation of vwMRI research, and help inform clinical interpretation of vwMRI. We will also provide a translational perspective on the existing vwMRI literature and insight into future vwMRI research questions and objectives. With increased use of high field strength MRI, powerful gradients, and improved pulse sequences, vwMRI will become standard-of-care in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with cerebrovascular disease, making a firm grasp of its strengths and weakness important for neuroimagers. (orig.)

Impact behavior of 9-Cr and 12-Cr ferritic steels after low-temperature irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klueh, R.L.; Vitek, J.M.; Corwin, W.R.; Alexander, D.J.

1987-01-01

Miniature Charpy impact specimens of 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels and these steels with 1 and 2% Ni were irradiated in the High-Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at 50 0 C to displacement damage levels of up to 9 dpa. Nickel was added to study the effect of transmutation helium. Irradiation caused an increase in the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT). The 9Cr-1MoVNb steels, with and without nickel, showed a larger shift than the 12Cr-1MoVW steels, with and without nickel. The results indicated that helium also increased the DBTT. The same steels were previously irradiated at higher temperatures. From the present and past tests, the effect of irradiation temperature on the DBTT behavior can be evaluated. For the 9Cr-1MoVNb steel, there is a continuous decrease in the magnitude of the DBTT increase up to an irradiation temperature of about 400 0 C, after which the shift drops rapidly to zero at about 450 0 C. The DBTT of the 12Cr-1MoVW steel shows a maximum increase at an irradiation temperature of about 400 0 C and less of an increase at either higher or lower irradiation temperatures

The Lie algebra of the N=2-string

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kugel, K.

2006-01-01

The theory of generalized Kac-Moody algebras is a generalization of the theory of finite dimensional simple Lie algebras. The physical states of some compactified strings give realizations of generalized Kac-Moody algebras. For example the physical states of a bosonic string moving on a 26 dimensional torus form a generalized Kac-Moody algebra and the physical states of a N=1 string moving on a 10 dimensional torus form a generalized Kac-Moody superalgebra. A natural question is whether the physical states of the compactified N=2-string also realize such an algebra. In this thesis we construct the Lie algebra of the compactified N=2-string, study its properties and show that it is not a generalized Kac-Moody algebra. The Fock space of a N=2-string moving on a 4 dimensional torus can be described by a vertex algebra constructed from a rational lattice of signature (8,4). Here 6 coordinates with signature (4,2) come from the matter part and 6 coordinates with signature (4,2) come from the ghost part. The physical states are represented by the cohomology of the BRST-operator. The vertex algebra induces a product on the vector space of physical states that defines the structure of a Lie algebra on this space. This Lie algebra shares many properties with generalized Kac-Moody algebra but we will show that it is not a generalized Kac-Moody algebra. (orig.)

The Lie algebra of the N=2-string

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kugel, K

2006-07-01

The theory of generalized Kac-Moody algebras is a generalization of the theory of finite dimensional simple Lie algebras. The physical states of some compactified strings give realizations of generalized Kac-Moody algebras. For example the physical states of a bosonic string moving on a 26 dimensional torus form a generalized Kac-Moody algebra and the physical states of a N=1 string moving on a 10 dimensional torus form a generalized Kac-Moody superalgebra. A natural question is whether the physical states of the compactified N=2-string also realize such an algebra. In this thesis we construct the Lie algebra of the compactified N=2-string, study its properties and show that it is not a generalized Kac-Moody algebra. The Fock space of a N=2-string moving on a 4 dimensional torus can be described by a vertex algebra constructed from a rational lattice of signature (8,4). Here 6 coordinates with signature (4,2) come from the matter part and 6 coordinates with signature (4,2) come from the ghost part. The physical states are represented by the cohomology of the BRST-operator. The vertex algebra induces a product on the vector space of physical states that defines the structure of a Lie algebra on this space. This Lie algebra shares many properties with generalized Kac-Moody algebra but we will show that it is not a generalized Kac-Moody algebra. (orig.)

Modeling the future evolution of the virtual water trade network: A combination of network and gravity models

Science.gov (United States)

Sartori, Martina; Schiavo, Stefano; Fracasso, Andrea; Riccaboni, Massimo

2017-12-01

The paper investigates how the topological features of the virtual water (VW) network and the size of the associated VW flows are likely to change over time, under different socio-economic and climate scenarios. We combine two alternative models of network formation -a stochastic and a fitness model, used to describe the structure of VW flows- with a gravity model of trade to predict the intensity of each bilateral flow. This combined approach is superior to existing methodologies in its ability to replicate the observed features of VW trade. The insights from the models are used to forecast future VW flows in 2020 and 2050, under different climatic scenarios, and compare them with future water availability. Results suggest that the current trend of VW exports is not sustainable for all countries. Moreover, our approach highlights that some VW importers might be exposed to "imported water stress" as they rely heavily on imports from countries whose water use is unsustainable.

Infinite dimension algebra and conformal symmetry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ragoucy-Aubezon, E.

1991-04-01

A generalisation of Kac-Moody algebras (current algebras defined on a circle) to algebras defined on a compact supermanifold of any dimension and with any number of supersymmetries is presented. For such a purpose, we compute all the central extensions of loop algebras defined on this supermanifold, i.e. all the cohomology classes of these loop algebras. Then, we try to extend the relation (i.e. semi-direct sum) that exists between the two dimensional conformal algebras (called Virasoro algebra) and the usual Kac-Moody algebras, by considering the derivation algebra of our extended Kac-Moody algebras. The case of superconformal algebras (used in superstrings theories) is treated, as well as the cases of area-preserving diffeomorphisms (used in membranes theories), and Krichever-Novikov algebras (used for interacting strings). Finally, we present some generalizations of the Sugawara construction to the cases of extended Kac-Moody algebras, and Kac-Moody of superalgebras. These constructions allow us to get new realizations of the Virasoro, and Ramond, Neveu-Schwarz algebras

Comparison of dosimetric characteristics of Siemens virtual and physical wedges for ONCOR linear accelerator

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Attalla Ehab

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Dosimetric properties of virtual wedge (VW and physical wedge (PW in 6- and 10-MV photon beams from a Siemens ONCOR linear accelerator, including wedge factors, depth doses, dose profiles, peripheral doses, are compared. While there is a great difference in absolute values of wedge factors, VW factors (VWFs and PW factors (PWFs have a similar trend as a function of field size. PWFs have stronger depth dependence than VWF due to beam hardening in PW fields. VW dose profiles in the wedge direction, in general, match very well with those of PW, except in the toe area of large wedge angles with large field sizes. Dose profiles in the nonwedge direction show a significant reduction in PW fields due to off-axis beam softening and oblique filtration. PW fields have significantly higher peripheral doses than open and VW fields. VW fields have similar surface doses as the open fields, while PW fields have lower surface doses. Surface doses for both VW and PW increase with field size and slightly with wedge angle. For VW fields with wedge angles 45° and less, the initial gap up to 3 cm is dosimetrically acceptable when compared to dose profiles of PW. VW fields in general use less monitor units than PW fields.

Vascular wall-resident CD44+ multipotent stem cells give rise to pericytes and smooth muscle cells and contribute to new vessel maturation.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Klein

Full Text Available Here, we identify CD44(+CD90(+CD73(+CD34(-CD45(- cells within the adult human arterial adventitia with properties of multipotency which were named vascular wall-resident multipotent stem cells (VW-MPSCs. VW-MPSCs exhibit typical mesenchymal stem cell characteristics including cell surface markers in immunostaining and flow cytometric analyses, and differentiation into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteocytes under culture conditions. Particularly, TGFß1 stimulation up-regulates smooth muscle cell markers in VW-MPSCs. Using fluorescent cell labelling and co-localisation studies we show that VW-MPSCs differentiate to pericytes/smooth muscle cells which cover the wall of newly formed endothelial capillary-like structures in vitro. Co-implantation of EGFP-labelled VW-MPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells into SCID mice subcutaneously via Matrigel results in new vessels formation which were covered by pericyte- or smooth muscle-like cells generated from implanted VW-MPSCs. Our results suggest that VW-MPSCs are of relevance for vascular morphogenesis, repair and self-renewal of vascular wall cells and for local capacity of neovascularization in disease processes.

By-product of Tropical Vermicelli Waste as a Novel Alternative Feedstuff in Broiler Diets

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P. Rungcharoen

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Two experiments were conducted to determine physical and chemical properties of vermicelli waste (VW and effect of VW inclusion levels on growth performance of broilers. In experiment 1, VW samples were randomly collected from vermicelli industry in Thailand to analyze nutritional composition. Vermicelli waste contained 9.96% moisture, 12.06% CP, 32.30% crude fiber (CF, and 0.57% ether extract (EE, as DM basis. The ratio of insoluble:soluble non-starch polysaccharide (NSP was 43.4:8.9. A total of 120 chicks (6 pens per treatment and 10 chicks per pen were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet or 20% VW substituted diet to determine the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen retention (AMEn of VW. The AMEn of VW was 1,844.7±130.71 kcal/kg. In experiment 2, a total of 1,200 chicks were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 42-d growth assay. There were 300 chicks with 6 pens per treatment and 50 chicks per pen. The dietary treatments contained 0%, 5%, 10%, or 15% VW, respectively. All diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. From 0 to 18 d of age chicks fed VW diets had higher (p<0.001 feed conversion ratio (FCR compared with those fed the control diet. No difference was observed during grower and finisher phase (19 to 42 d. Chicks fed VW diets had lower relative weight of abdominal fat (p<0.001 but higher relative weight of gizzard (p<0.05 than those of chicks fed the control diet. Increasing VW inclusion levels increased ileal digesta viscosity (p<0.05 and intestinal villus height of chicks (p< 0.001. For apparent total tract digestibility assay, there were 4 metabolic cages of 6 chicks that were fed experimental treatment diets (the same as in the growth assay in a 10-d total excreta collection. Increasing VW inclusion levels linearly decreased (p<0.05 apparent total tract digestibility of DM and CF.

E10 for beginners

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gebert, R.W.; Nicolai, H.

1995-01-01

In this contribution, we summarize a recent attempt to understand hyperbolic Kac Moody algebras in terms of the string vertex operator construction. As is well known, Kac Moody algebras fall into one of three classes corresponding to whether the associated Cartan matrices are positive definite, positive semi-definite and indefinite. Of these, the first two are well understood, leading to finite and affine Lie algebras (the latter being equivalent to current algebras in two space-time dimensions). Virtually nothing is known, however, about the last class of Kac Moody algebras, based on indefinite Cartan matrices. Nonetheless these have been repeatedly suggested as natural candidates for the still elusive fundamental symmetry of string theory (see e.g. [24], [28] for recent proposals in this direction). Being vastly larger than affine Kac Moody algebras, they are certainly ''sufficiently big'' for this purpose, but an even more compelling argument supporting such speculations is the intimate link that exists between Kac Moody algebras and the vertex operator construction of string theory which has been known for a long time. More specifically, it has been established that the elements making up a Kac Moody algebra of finite or affine type can be explicitly realized in terms of tachyon and photon emission vertex operators of a compactified open bosonic string [9], [14]. On the basis of these results, it has been conjectured that Kac Moody algebras of indefinite type might not only furnish new symmetries of string theory, but might themselves be understood in terms of string vertex operators associated with the higher excited (massive) states of a compactified bosonic string [14], [8]. (orig.)

Foliar spray with vermiwash modifies the Arbuscular mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient stoichiometry of Bhut Jolokia (Capsicum assamicum.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Haneef Khan

Full Text Available Vermiwash (VW, a liquid extract obtained from vermicomposting beds, is used as an organic fertilizer for crop plants. The current study investigated the effect of a vermiwash foliar spray on the response of bhut jolokia (Capsicum assamicum exposed to two different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF: Rhizophagus irregularis, RI and G. mosseae, GM in acidic soil under naturally ventilated greenhouse conditions. The VW spray significantly influenced the growth of plants receiving the dual treatment of AMF+VW. Plant growth was more prominent in the GM+VW treatment group than that in the RI+VW treatment group. The plant-AMF interactions in relation to growth and nutrient requirements were also significantly influenced by the application of VW. Interestingly, the VW treatment appeared to contribute more N to plants when compared to that under the AMF treatment, which led to changes in the C:N:P stoichiometry in plant shoots. Furthermore, the increased potassium dependency, as observed in the case of the dual treatments, suggests the significance of such treatments for improving crop conditions under salt stress. Overall, our study shows that the VW foliar spray modifies the response of a crop to inoculations of different AMF with regard to growth and nutrient utilization, which has implications for the selection of an efficient combination of nutrient source for improving crop growth.

Foliar Spray with Vermiwash Modifies the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Dependency and Nutrient Stoichiometry of Bhut Jolokia (Capsicum assamicum)

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Rajeev; Veer, Vijay; Singh, Lokendra; Kalita, Mohan C.

2014-01-01

Vermiwash (VW), a liquid extract obtained from vermicomposting beds, is used as an organic fertilizer for crop plants. The current study investigated the effect of a vermiwash foliar spray on the response of bhut jolokia (Capsicum assamicum) exposed to two different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF: Rhizophagus irregularis, RI and G. mosseae, GM) in acidic soil under naturally ventilated greenhouse conditions. The VW spray significantly influenced the growth of plants receiving the dual treatment of AMF+VW. Plant growth was more prominent in the GM+VW treatment group than that in the RI+VW treatment group. The plant-AMF interactions in relation to growth and nutrient requirements were also significantly influenced by the application of VW. Interestingly, the VW treatment appeared to contribute more N to plants when compared to that under the AMF treatment, which led to changes in the C:N:P stoichiometry in plant shoots. Furthermore, the increased potassium dependency, as observed in the case of the dual treatments, suggests the significance of such treatments for improving crop conditions under salt stress. Overall, our study shows that the VW foliar spray modifies the response of a crop to inoculations of different AMF with regard to growth and nutrient utilization, which has implications for the selection of an efficient combination of nutrient source for improving crop growth. PMID:24651577

The Reactivations of Main-Belt Comets 238P/READ, 259P/Garradd, and 288P/(300163) 2006 VW139

Science.gov (United States)

Hsieh, Henry H.; Ishiguro, Masateru; Kim, Yoonyoung; Knight, Matthew M.; Lin, Zhong-Yi; Micheli, Marco; Moskovitz, Nicholas; Sheppard, Scott S.; Thirouin, Audrey; Trujillo, Chadwick

2017-10-01

We report on the confirmation and monitoring of recurrent activity for main-belt comets (MBCs) 238P/Read and 288P/(300163) 2006 VW139 in 2016 (cf. Agarwal et al. 2016, CBET 4306; Hsieh et al. 2016, CBET 4307), as well as the identification of activity for 288P in Sloan Digital Sky Survey images from November 2000. We will also report on the confirmation of recurrent activity in 2017 (Hsieh et al. 2017, CBET 4388) and the progress of the ongoing monitoring campaign (April 2017 through December 2017) that we are conducting for MBC 259P/Garradd. With these observations, 238P and 288P have now each been observed to be active on three separate orbit passages with intervening periods of inactivity and 259P has been observed to be active on two separate orbit passages, firmly establishing the cometary (i.e., sublimation-driven) nature of their activity. We are currently conducting a multi-facility observing campaign to monitor the photometric and morphological evolution of these objects, using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, the Gemini North and South telescopes (under a Gemini Large and Long Program), the Magellan telescopes, the Discovery Channel Telescope, and the Lulin One-meter Telescope. During their most recent perihelion encounters, 238P was observed to be active as early as 2016 July 8 at a true anomaly of 329 degrees, 288P was observed to be active as early as 2016 June 8 at a true anomaly of 318 degrees, and 259P was observed to be active as early at 2017 April 26 at a true anomaly of 315 degrees. We also report on the results of numerical modeling analyses of the morphological evolution of all three objects aimed at assessing both the properties of their current active episodes and changes in activity strength from one epoch to the next to help constrain the active lifetimes of MBCs, a key parameter for inferring the total number of MBCs in the asteroid belt from survey results. This work was supported by the NASA Solar System Observations program under

Effect of pomegranate (Punica granutum) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts on shelf-life for chilled Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) fillets in modified atmosphere packaging at 2 ºC

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ünalan, U.; Dalgaard, Paw; Korel, F.

2011-01-01

The present study evaluated the effect of pomegranate extract (1% v/w) and rosemary extract (1% v/w) as natural preservatives as well as their combination (1% v/w) on shelf life extension of previously frozen and chilled Greenland halibut fillets in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP, 40%CO2/60%N2...

Wess-Zumino-Witten model as a theory of free fields. Part 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gerasimov, A.; Marshakov, A.; Morozov, A.; Olshanetskij, M.; Shatashvili, S.

1989-01-01

Kac-Moody algebra representation in free field terms is considered. Bosonization of Wess-Zumino-Witten model for determination of multiloop correlators is used. Kac-Moody algebra representation and bosonization of the model are carried out for arbitrary simple group. 10 refs.; 4 figs

Assessment of interstate virtual water flows embedded in agriculture to mitigate water scarcity in India (1996-2014)

Science.gov (United States)

Katyaini, Suparana; Barua, Anamika

2017-08-01

India is the largest global freshwater user despite being highly water scarce. Agriculture is largest consumer of water and is most affected by water scarcity. Water scarcity is a persistent challenge in India, due to a gap in science and policy spheres. Virtual Water (VW) flows concept to mitigate water scarcity is at the science-policy interface. The paper aims to address the gap in VW research in India by first analyzing the interstate VW-flows embedded in food grains, and then linking these VW-flows with the water scarcity situation in the states, and elements of state and national water policies for the postreforms, and recovery periods of India's agriculture. There were net water savings (WS) of 207.5 PL during 1996-2014, indicating sustainable flows at the national level. WS increased from 11.2 TL/yr (1996-2005) to 25931.7 TL/yr (2005-2014), with the increase in interstate movement of food grains, and yield. However, unsustainable flows are seen at subnational scale, as VW-flows are from highly water-scarce states in North to highly water-scarce states in West and South. These flows are causing a concentration of water scarcity in water-scarce zones/states. Net VW imports were found to be driven by larger population and net VW exports by arable land. Further, the absence of state water policy cripples water management. Therefore, the paper argues that there is a need to rethink policy decisions on agriculture at the national and state level by internalizing water as a factor of production, through VW research.

Doing pasts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brædder, Anne; Esmark, Kim; Kruse, Tove Elisabeth

2017-01-01

a pragmatic recognition that the past can never be recreated completely is constantly present. For other reenactors, the doing of pasts is a way of accessing experiences and values that are felt to have been lost in modernity. At the same time, however, it is all-important to them that the world they imitate...

BRST operator for superconformal algebras with quadratic nonlinearity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khviengia, Z.; Sezgin, E.

1993-07-01

We construct the quantum BRST operators for a large class of superconformal and quasi-superconformal algebras with quadratic nonlinearity. The only free parameter in these algebras is the level of the (super) Kac-Moody sector. The nilpotency of the quantum BRST operator imposes a condition on the level. We find this condition for (quasi) superconformal algebras with a Kac-Moody sector based on a simple Lie algebra and for the Z 2 x Z 2 -graded superconformal algebras with a Kac-Moody sector based on the superalgebra osp(N modul 2M) or sl (N + 2 modul N). (author). 22 refs, 3 tabs

Essential Oil Content and Constituents of Black Zira (Bunium persicum [Boiss.] B. Fedtsch.) from Iran During Field Cultivation (Domestication)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Azizi, Majid; Davareenejad, Gholamhossain; Bos, Rein; Woerdenbag, Herman J.; Kayser, Oliver

2009-01-01

Bunium persisum fruit oils from wild type MM, first (CY1) and second year (CY2) cultivars; (fourth and fifth year plants) were analyzed by GC and GUMS. The essential oil content of the WT (9.1% v/w) was higher than the oil content of the CY1 (6.2% v/w) and CY2 (5.1% v/w). No significant differences

Void formation and helium effects in 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels irradiated in HFIR and FFTF at 400/degree/C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maziasz, P.J.; Klueh, R.L.

1988-01-01

Martensitic/ferritic 9Cr-1MoVNb and 12Cr-1MoVW steels doped with up to 2 wt% Ni have up to 450 appm He after HFIR irradiation to /approximately/38 dpa, but only 5 appm He after 47 dpa in FFTF. No fine He bubbles and few or no larger voids were observable in any of these steels after FFTF irradiation at 407/degree/C. By contrast, many voids were found in the undoped steels (30-90 appm He) irradiated in HFIR at 400/degree/C, while voids plus many more fine He bubbles were found in the Ni-doped steels (400-450 appm He). Irradiation in both reactors at /approximately/400/degree/C produced significant changes in the as-tempered lath/subgrain boundary, dislocation, and precipitation structures that were sensitive to alloy composition, including doping with Ni. However, for each specific alloy the irradiation-produced changes were exactly the same comparing samples irradiated in FFTF and HFIR, particularly the Ni-doped steels. Therefore, the increased void formation appears solely due to the increased helium generation found in HFIR. While the levels of void swelling are relatively low after 37-39 dpa in HFIR (0.1-0.4%), details of the microstructural evolution suggest that void nucleation is still progressing, and swelling could increase with dose. The effect of helium on void swelling remains a valid concern for fusion application that requires higher dose experiments. 15 refs., 14 figs., 8 tabs

EFFECT OF COMPLEX ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ON GROWTH PLANLET OF DENDROBIUM ORCHID

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sitti Raodah Garuda

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Uniqueness of stunning Dendrobium variety such as shapes, colors, and sizes are main attraction of this plant. Germination oforchid seeds can be carried out in a laboratory with in vitro techniques.Medium used for germination of orchid seeds are Vacin and Went medium. Researcher stried to add other substances that may increase growth explants, such as complex organic compounds. Study aims to determine effect of complex organic compounds into growth medium VW Dendrobium plantlets. Research used complete randomized design consist five treatment:VW medium without extract (control, VW medium+banana extract, VW medium+ melon extrac, VW medium+guava extract and VW medium+pepaya extract, with three replications, each replication consist two culture bottles.. Each culture bottle planted four planlets. Addition of complex organic compounds such as melon extract gave best vegetative growth of leaves quantity, roots quantity, root length and fresh weight. While guava extract provide best results to plantlet high and saplings. Plant lets with melon extract treatment showed appearance of muscular orchid plantlets is characteristic of plants that can survive during acclimatization. While both guava extract is best used for purpose of orchid plantlets regeneration.

In Vitro Generation of Vascular Wall-Resident Multipotent Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Nature from Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jennifer Steens

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Summary: The vascular wall (VW serves as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs. In general, tissue-specific stem cells differentiate mainly to the tissue type from which they derive, indicating that there is a certain code or priming within the cells as determined by the tissue of origin. Here we report the in vitro generation of VW-typical MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs, based on a VW-MSC-specific gene code. Using a lentiviral vector expressing the so-called Yamanaka factors, we reprogrammed tail dermal fibroblasts from transgenic mice containing the GFP gene integrated into the Nestin-locus (NEST-iPSCs to facilitate lineage tracing after subsequent MSC differentiation. A lentiviral vector expressing a small set of recently identified human VW-MSC-specific HOX genes then induced MSC differentiation. This direct programming approach successfully mediated the generation of VW-typical MSCs with classical MSC characteristics, both in vitro and in vivo. : In this article, Klein and colleagues show that iPSCs generated from skin fibroblasts of transgenic mice carrying a GFP gene under the control of the endogenous Nestin promoter to facilitate lineage tracing (NEST-iPSCs can be directly programmed toward mouse vascular wall-typical multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSC by ectopic lentiviral expression of a previously defined VW-MSC-specific HOX code. Keywords: vascular wall-derived mesenchymal stem cells, HOX gene, induced pluripotent stem cells, direct programming, nestin

Oceans Past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Based on research for the History of Marine Animal Populations project, Oceans Past examines the complex relationship our forebears had with the sea and the animals that inhabit it. It presents eleven studies ranging from fisheries and invasive species to offshore technology and the study of marine...... environmental history, bringing together the perspectives of historians and marine scientists to enhance understanding of ocean management of the past, present and future. In doing so, it also highlights the influence that changes in marine ecosystems have upon the politics, welfare and culture of human...

Nitration Studies in Oxynitrogen Systems.

Science.gov (United States)

1986-08-01

and F. Radner, Acta Chem. Scand. B 39, 343-356 (1985), and earlier papers in the series. 7. J. G. Hoggett , R. B. Moodie, J. R. Penton, and K. Schofield...8217 - . .- . " - . ’ . .- - . . .- . . . . . . . .- 44’ t. .’-. ~a,’,; i " . _ "_ . " • - _ , . • , ._, - - - " REFERENCES CITED *1. a. Hoggett , J. G.; Moodie, R. B.; Penton, 3. R

Clinical effect of calcium hydroxide paste combined with triple antibiotic paste on root canal disinfection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chen QU

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objective　To compare the efficacy in disinfection and pain control of calcium hydroxide paste and triple antibiotic paste (ornidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline used individually or jointly for root canal disinfection. Methods　Two hundred and thirty-five patients with chronic apical periodontitis (235 teeth were involved in the present study and divided into 2 groups: fistula group (n=118 and no fistula group (n=117. Each group was then randomly divided into 4 subgroups: calcium hydroxide paste group, triple antibiotic paste group, calcium hydroxide + triple antibiotic paste group, and camphor phenol group. After regular root canal preparation, root canals of patients in 4 groups were filled with tiny paper ends impregnated with fore 4 different drugs respectively. Visual analogue scales (VAS of pain were given to the patients with a guide for filling the scale. One week later, both the data of the scales and the effects of root canal disinfection were recorded and analyzed. Results　Seven days after treatment, the clinical efficacy of calcium hydroxide paste, triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide + triple antibiotic paste was similar (P>0.05 either in fistula group or in no fistula group, but all better than that of camphor phenol (P<0.05. VAS score analysis showed that, at least on the first 3 days after sealing medicine in the root canal, calcium hydroxide + triple antibiotic paste achieved better result of pain control than the other three groups (P<0.05 no matter with or without fistula. Conclusions 　Calcium hydroxide paste, triple antibiotic paste, calcium hydroxide + triple antibiotic paste are effective in treatment of chronic apical periodontitis whether with or without fistula. However, the combined use of calcium hydroxide and three antibiotic pastes is better for controlling the pain after root canal preparation than other treatments, which is therefore worthy of clinical application. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2014.02.12

Analyses of fine paste ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sabloff, J.A.

1980-01-01

Four chapters are included: history of Brookhaven fine paste ceramics project, chemical and mathematical procedures employed in Mayan fine paste ceramics project, and compositional and archaeological perspectives on the Mayan fine paste ceramics

Analyses of fine paste ceramics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sabloff, J A [ed.

1980-01-01

Four chapters are included: history of Brookhaven fine paste ceramics project, chemical and mathematical procedures employed in Mayan fine paste ceramics project, and compositional and archaeological perspectives on the Mayan fine paste ceramics. (DLC)

In Vitro Generation of Vascular Wall-Resident Multipotent Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Nature from Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Steens, Jennifer; Zuk, Melanie; Benchellal, Mohamed; Bornemann, Lea; Teichweyde, Nadine; Hess, Julia; Unger, Kristian; Görgens, André; Klump, Hannes; Klein, Diana

2017-04-11

The vascular wall (VW) serves as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In general, tissue-specific stem cells differentiate mainly to the tissue type from which they derive, indicating that there is a certain code or priming within the cells as determined by the tissue of origin. Here we report the in vitro generation of VW-typical MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), based on a VW-MSC-specific gene code. Using a lentiviral vector expressing the so-called Yamanaka factors, we reprogrammed tail dermal fibroblasts from transgenic mice containing the GFP gene integrated into the Nestin-locus (NEST-iPSCs) to facilitate lineage tracing after subsequent MSC differentiation. A lentiviral vector expressing a small set of recently identified human VW-MSC-specific HOX genes then induced MSC differentiation. This direct programming approach successfully mediated the generation of VW-typical MSCs with classical MSC characteristics, both in vitro and in vivo. Copyright © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Vertex operators and Jordan fields

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, L.A.; Gomes, J.F.; Zimerman, A.H.

1988-01-01

The construction of Lie algebras in terms of Jordan algebras generators is discussed. The key to the construction is the triality relation already incorporated into matrix products. A generalisation to Kac-Moody algebras in terms of vertex operators is proposed and may provide a clue for the construction of new representations of Kac-Moody algebras in terms of Jordan fields. (author) [pt

Characteristics of past smokers.

Science.gov (United States)

Kato, I; Tominaga, S; Suzuki, T

1989-06-01

We studied characteristics of past smokers according to the duration of cessation of smoking based on data from a population-based survey. Lifestyle, prevalences of various symptoms and diseases and other factors were compared among current smokers (8507 males and 2012 females), past smokers (4423 males and 684 females) and non-smokers (2431 males and 12,859 females) aged 40 years and over. Compared to current smokers, past smokers consumed more bread, milk, vegetables, fruit and black tea, and less rice, pickles, instant noodles, coffee and alcohol, had lower prevalences of cough, sputum and anorexia, participated more in cancer screening tests, weighed more, included more professional and administrative workers and had more non-smoking spouses. These characteristics resembled those of non-smokers. But past smokers had high prevalences of several cardiovascular and respiratory diseases compared to current smokers. Daily intake of coffee was inversely associated and daily intakes of fruit and milk were positively associated with the duration of abstinence from smoking after adjusting for other factors in both sexes. These results suggest that lifestyle of past smokers may contribute to risk reduction for several diseases.

In Vitro Generation of Vascular Wall-Resident Multipotent Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Nature from Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

OpenAIRE

Steens, Jennifer; Zuk, Melanie; Benchellal, Mohamed; Bornemann, Lea; Teichweyde, Nadine; Hess, Julia; Unger, Kristian; Görgens, André; Klump, Hannes; Klein, Diana

2017-01-01

Summary: The vascular wall (VW) serves as a niche for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In general, tissue-specific stem cells differentiate mainly to the tissue type from which they derive, indicating that there is a certain code or priming within the cells as determined by the tissue of origin. Here we report the in vitro generation of VW-typical MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), based on a VW-MSC-specific gene code. Using a lentiviral vector expressing the so-called Yamanaka f...

Enzymatic production of cellulose nanofibers from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) with crude cellulase of Trichoderma sp.

Science.gov (United States)

Aditiawati, Pingkan; Dungani, Rudi; Amelia, Cindy

2018-03-01

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) biomass was used as a source for isolation of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) using enzymatic method. Non-cellulosic component were removed from biomass by delignification process using inoculum of Marasmius sp. Nanocellulose production began with cryocrushing pre-treatment, enzyme addition, and post-treatment with sonication. In enzyme addition, crushed EFB suspended in sodium-citrate buffer and various percentage of crude cellulase enzyme from Trichoderma sp. which is 50%, 100%, and 200% (v/w), followed by incubation in various period which is 2, 3, and 4 days. Particle size analyzer, Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transmmission infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the properties of CNF. Maximum CNF size distribution of 2, 3, and 4 days incubation period was 30.717 and 70 nm, respectively (50% (v/w)); 94.75 and 635 nm, respectively (100% (v/w)); 837.51 and 433 nm, respectively (200% (v/w)). Almost 100% yield achieved from variation of 50% (v/w) enzyme and 2 days incubation period. FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed that some impurities in nanocellulose. SEM analysis showed that fibril nanocellulose, with larger size than PSA, mainly because aggregation of nanocellulose.

Quantifying the distribution of paste-void spacing of hardened cement paste using X-ray computed tomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yun, Tae Sup, E-mail: taesup@yonsei.ac.kr [School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749 (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Kwang Yeom, E-mail: kimky@kict.re.kr [Korea Institute of Construction Technology, 283 Goyangdae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang, 411-712 (Korea, Republic of); Choo, Jinhyun, E-mail: jinhyun@stanford.edu [Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (United States); Kang, Dong Hun, E-mail: timeriver@naver.com [School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749 (Korea, Republic of)

2012-11-15

The distribution of paste-void spacing in cement-based materials is an important feature related to the freeze-thaw durability of these materials, but its reliable estimation remains an unresolved problem. Herein, we evaluate the capability of X-ray computed tomography (CT) for reliable quantification of the distribution of paste-void spacing. Using X-ray CT images of three mortar specimens having different air-entrainment characteristics, we calculate the distributions of paste-void spacing of the specimens by applying previously suggested methods for deriving the exact spacing of air-void systems. This methodology is assessed by comparing the 95th percentile of the cumulative distribution function of the paste-void spacing with spacing factors computed by applying the linear-traverse method to 3D air-void system and reconstructing equivalent air-void distribution in 3D. Results show that the distributions of equivalent void diameter and paste-void spacing follow lognormal and normal distributions, respectively, and the ratios between the 95th percentile paste-void spacing value and the spacing factors reside within the ranges reported by previous numerical studies. This experimental finding indicates that the distribution of paste-void spacing quantified using X-ray CT has the potential to be the basis for a statistical assessment of the freeze-thaw durability of cement-based materials. - Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The paste-void spacing in 3D can be quantified by X-ray CT. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The distribution of the paste-void spacing follows normal distribution. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The spacing factor and 95th percentile of CDF of paste-void spacing are correlated.

Carbon paste electrodes in electroanalytical chemistry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

KAREL VYTŘAS

2009-09-01

Full Text Available An overview is given dealing with the applications of carbon paste electrodes in equilibrium potentiometry as well as in electrochemical stripping analysis using both voltammetric and potentiometric modes. Various modifications of carbon pastes and carbon paste-based biosensors are also mentioned. The main emphasis in this article is directed at summarizing recent results of the authors’ research group during the past few years.

Investigation of the Behavioral Characteristics of Dogs Purpose-Bred and Prepared to Perform Vapor Wake® Detection of Person-Borne Explosives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucia Lazarowski

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Specialized detector dogs are increasingly being utilized for the detection of modern threats. The Vapor Wake® (VW dog was developed to create a dog phenotype ideally suited for detecting hand-carried and body-worn explosives. VW dogs (VWDs are trained to sample and alert to target odors in the aerodynamic wakes of moving persons, which entrains vapor and small particles from the person. The behavioral characteristics necessary for dogs to be successfully trained and employed for the application of VW are a distinct subset of the desired general characteristics of dogs used for detection tasks due to the dynamic nature of moving targets. The purpose of this study was to examine the behavioral characteristics of candidate detector dogs to determine the particular qualities that set apart VW-capable dogs from others. We assessed 146 candidate detector dogs from a VW breeding and training program. Dogs received identical puppy development and foundational odor training and underwent performance evaluations at 3, 6, 10, and 12 months old, after which they were sold for service. Dogs were categorized based on their final outcome of the training program, independently determined by private vendors, corresponding to three groups: dogs successfully sold for VW, dogs sold for standard explosives detection, and dogs that failed to be placed in any type of detector dog service (Washouts. Comparisons of behavioral evaluations between the groups were made across domains pertaining to search-related behaviors (Performance, reactions to novel stimuli (Environmental, and overall ease of learning new tasks (Trainability. Comparisons were also made at each evaluation to determine any early emergence of differences. VWDs scored significantly higher on Performance characteristics compared to standard explosives detection dogs (EDDs and Washouts. However, Environmental characteristics did not differentiate VWDs from EDDs, though scores on these measures were

Investigation of the Behavioral Characteristics of Dogs Purpose-Bred and Prepared to Perform Vapor Wake® Detection of Person-Borne Explosives.

Science.gov (United States)

Lazarowski, Lucia; Haney, Pamela Sue; Brock, Jeanne; Fischer, Terry; Rogers, Bart; Angle, Craig; Katz, Jeffrey S; Waggoner, L Paul

2018-01-01

Specialized detector dogs are increasingly being utilized for the detection of modern threats. The Vapor Wake ® (VW) dog was developed to create a dog phenotype ideally suited for detecting hand-carried and body-worn explosives. VW dogs (VWDs) are trained to sample and alert to target odors in the aerodynamic wakes of moving persons, which entrains vapor and small particles from the person. The behavioral characteristics necessary for dogs to be successfully trained and employed for the application of VW are a distinct subset of the desired general characteristics of dogs used for detection tasks due to the dynamic nature of moving targets. The purpose of this study was to examine the behavioral characteristics of candidate detector dogs to determine the particular qualities that set apart VW-capable dogs from others. We assessed 146 candidate detector dogs from a VW breeding and training program. Dogs received identical puppy development and foundational odor training and underwent performance evaluations at 3, 6, 10, and 12 months old, after which they were sold for service. Dogs were categorized based on their final outcome of the training program, independently determined by private vendors, corresponding to three groups: dogs successfully sold for VW, dogs sold for standard explosives detection, and dogs that failed to be placed in any type of detector dog service (Washouts). Comparisons of behavioral evaluations between the groups were made across domains pertaining to search-related behaviors (Performance), reactions to novel stimuli (Environmental), and overall ease of learning new tasks (Trainability). Comparisons were also made at each evaluation to determine any early emergence of differences. VWDs scored significantly higher on Performance characteristics compared to standard explosives detection dogs (EDDs) and Washouts. However, Environmental characteristics did not differentiate VWDs from EDDs, though scores on these measures were significantly

Dental modification in the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bennike, Pia; Alexandersen, Verner

2003-01-01

Skeleton remains from Denmark, Greenland, Faeroe Islands, dental care, drillling in the past, tooth extraction......Skeleton remains from Denmark, Greenland, Faeroe Islands, dental care, drillling in the past, tooth extraction...

76 FR 61477 - Petition for Exemption from the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen

Science.gov (United States)

2011-10-04

...: This document grants in full the Volkswagen Group of America's (VW) petition for exemption of the Audi... from the Vehicle Theft Prevention Standard; Volkswagen AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety... theft rate history or data available. However, VW provided data on the theft reduction benefits...

Refrigeration plants for the assembly hall VW Mechatronics; Kaeltetechnische Anlagen fuer die Fertigungshalle VW Mechatronic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stroeder, R. [BKI Brab und Kahl Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, Aachen (Germany)

2005-07-01

The partial air-conditioning plants of the 16,500 m-2 assembly hall Volkswagen Mechatronic in Stollberg near Chemnitz was described in the September and October 2005 edition of the magazine ''TAB Technik am Bau''. Refrigeration energy at various temperature levels is necessary to supply these plants and for process cooling. The resulting refrigeration plants are described in the following contribution. (orig.)

The neural correlates of reference to the past

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura S. Bos

2014-04-01

Analysis (see Figure 1 showed greater BOLD signal change for both types of past over non-past time-reference bilaterally frontal—the SMA and frontal superior medial gyrus. We ascribe this to increased difficulty in selecting past time-reference inflection, hence, discourse linking. We found significantly increased LIFG activation for simple past over simple present, but not for periphrastic past over future (see Figure 1C. LIFG might be taxed for past tense inflection, but not past time-reference specifically. Although periphrastic past and future differ in time-reference, both verb clusters have a present tense auxiliary. Our results align with a fundamental difference between past and non-past time-reference, and are in accordance with past time-reference processing difficulties of aphasic individuals.

EXOSAT and IUE observations of contact binaries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vilhu, O.; Heise, J.; Laboratorium voor Ruimteonderzoek, Utrecht, Netherlands)

1986-01-01

EXOSAT observations are reported of the contact binaries W UMa, VW Cep, 44t Boo, XY Leo, and V566 Oph and the detached short-period RS CVn stars ER Vul and HD 209943. Complete X-ray light curves were obtained for W UMa, VW Cep and 44t Boo. Nearly simultaneous IUE observations of VW Cep provide important comparisons of the Mg II emission, the UV continuum, and the FES light curve, pointing to extra hot gas at phase 0.75. The observations indicate that contact binaries have highly structured (in temperature and geometry) and highly variable coronae, not preferentially connected with either of the component stars. The observed dips can be interpreted as due to cool absorbing clouds above localized X-ray emitting regions. For VW Cep, 44t Boo, and XY Leo there is evidence that the neck regions are sites for X-ray-emitting hot gas. 66 references

Rethinking infiltration in wildfire-affected soils

Science.gov (United States)

Ebel, Brian A.; Moody, John A.

2013-01-01

Wildfires frequently result in natural hazards such as flash floods (Yates et al., 2001) and debris flows (Cannon et al., 2001a,b; Gabet and Sternberg, 2008). One of the principal causes of the increased risk of post-wildfire hydrologically driven hazards is reduced in filtration rates (e.g. Scott and van Wyk, 1990; Cerdà, 1998; Robichaud, 2000; Martin and Moody, 2001). Beyond the reduction in peak infiltration rate, there is mounting evidence that the fundamental physics of infiltration in wild fire-affected soils is different from unburned soils (e.g. Imeson et al., 1992; Moody et al., 2009; Moody and Ebel, 2012).Understanding post-wildfire hydrology is critical given the increasing wildfire incidence in the western USA (Westerling et al., 2006) and elsewhere in the world (Kasischke and Turetsky, 2006; Holz and Veblen, 2011; Pausas and Fernández-Muñoz, 2012). Wildfire is a disturbance event with global distribution (Bowman et al., 2009; Krawchuk et al., 2009; Pechony and Shindell, 2010; Moritz et al., 2012), and with increasing populations moving into fire-prone areas, understanding post-wildfire infiltration is of increasing importance for predicting post-wildfire consequences. Runoff is generally controlled by the infiltration-excess mechanism in fire-affected soils (e.g. Mayor et al., 2007; Onda et al., 2008; Kinner and Moody, 2010). It is essential that the fire community have conceptual models, physical equations and tools (i.e. numerical models) to predict infiltration and thus excess rainfall (after Horton, 1933), which can provide estimates of peak discharge, start of runoff, time to peak and total runoff for hydroclimatic scenarios after wildfires. Reductions in saturated hydraulic conductivity Ksat [LT-1] are common for fire-affected soils, and the relatively low values observed explain the elevated flash flood hazards (e.g. Ksat of 1–100 mm h-1 , Robichaud, 2000; Yates et al., 2000; Martin and Moody, 2001; Robichaud et al

Influencia de las dimensiones y de la disposición térmica en la respuesta de termopilas usadas como sensores en calorimetría de conducción de calor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Giraldo G.

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Se determina la sensibilidad y estabilidad para tres tipos de termopilas, con diferentes dimensiones, pero con igual número de termocuplas. Se obtienen sensibilidades que crecen a medida que aumenta el área de cubrimiento de la superficie que genera el efecto térmico: 0,022 VW-1, para la termopila con área de 1764 mm2; de 0,011 VW-1 para las termopilas con un área de 1024 mm', y para las termopilas con área de 882 mm2 se presenta la menor sensibilidad, de 0,009 VW2. La estabilidad permanece constante para todas las termopilas sin importar sus dimensiones.

Integral dimension in the string theory based on a group manifold

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Toyota, N.

1990-01-01

We study string models on a group manifold with Kac-Moody symmetry where the critical dimension d is integer. In particular the possibility of four-dimensional models is investigated. We find that only nine group manifolds with a relevant k level can have four as the critical dimension among an infinite number of compact Lie groups. They are all listed. The models with minimal conformal sectors adding to the Kac-Moody sector are investigated. In the cases with minimal conformal sector, there are only two groups, SU(5) and SO(43), that can give d=4. Among the cases with some tensoring products of minimal conformal sectors we discuss a few special cases with k=0 and k=1. The cases based on N=1 super Kac-Moody algebra are also studied. Finally we discuss the possibility of the enlargement of gauge symmetry. (orig.)

Improved formulation of GNO fermionization theorem

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fre, P.; Gliozzi, F.; Piras, A.

1989-01-01

It is pointed out that in the Kac-Moody algebras fulfilling the fermionization criterion of Goddard, Nahm and Olive and having a non-minimal value of the central charge κ, only a proper subset of the allowed unitary highest weight representations can actually be encoded in a free fermion theory. These truly fermionizable representations are selected by a very specific non-regular embedding of the fermionizable Kac-Moody algebra into the lowest level SO(N F ) Kac-Moody algebra, N F being both the number of fermions and the dimension of the GNO symmetric space. This embedding is a particular case of the embeddings considered by Bais and Bouwknegt and by Schellekens and Warner, for which the Virasoro central charge of the subgroup is equal to that of the group. Furthermore, these fermionizable representations span an orbit of the modular group always leading to a non-trivial modular invariant partition function

Past tense in the brain's time: neurophysiological evidence for dual-route processing of past-tense verbs.

Science.gov (United States)

Bakker, Iske; Macgregor, Lucy J; Pulvermüller, Friedemann; Shtyrov, Yury

2013-05-01

A controversial issue in neuro- and psycholinguistics is whether regular past-tense forms of verbs are stored lexically or generated productively by the application of abstract combinatorial schemas, for example affixation rules. The success or failure of models in accounting for this particular issue can be used to draw more general conclusions about cognition and the degree to which abstract, symbolic representations and rules are psychologically and neurobiologically real. This debate can potentially be resolved using a neurophysiological paradigm, in which alternative predictions of the brain response patterns for lexical and syntactic processing are put to the test. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record neural responses to spoken monomorphemic words ('hide'), pseudowords ('smide'), regular past-tense forms ('cried') and ungrammatical (overregularised) past-tense forms ('flied') in a passive listening oddball paradigm, in which lexically and syntactically modulated stimuli are known to elicit distinct patterns of the mismatch negativity (MMN) brain response. We observed an enhanced ('lexical') MMN to monomorphemic words relative to pseudowords, but a reversed ('syntactic') MMN to ungrammatically inflected past tenses relative to grammatical forms. This dissociation between responses to monomorphemic and bimorphemic stimuli indicates that regular past tenses are processed more similarly to syntactic sequences than to lexically stored monomorphemic words, suggesting that regular past tenses are generated productively by the application of a combinatorial scheme to their separately represented stems and affixes. We suggest discrete combinatorial neuronal assemblies, which bind classes of sequentially occurring lexical elements into morphologically complex units, as the neurobiological basis of regular past tense inflection. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The past and space

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lund, Christian

2013-01-01

of legitimate forms of land control, complex combinations of claims emerge. The ubiquity of ‘the past’ in African politics and the increasing competition over space suggest that the naturalness with which some refer to the past and others conceive of space should be under constant scrutiny. Based on work...... that competing social elite groups instrumentalize. Each group sees its interests best served by a particular reading of the past and a particular conception of space....

Piercing the sovereign ceiling: Issues in oil and gas project financing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coleman, T.S.

1998-01-01

In the oil and gas sector, corporations and governments face huge capital spending requirements in order to transform large resource discoveries into producing, cash-generating assets. A significant portion of this funding is expected to be done on a project finance basis, where bank lenders or bond investors take a secured position in financing a discrete project, with the expectation of being paid back by the cash flows from that project after completion. This trend is increasing demand for crediting rating services to provide credit ratings for these project financings. A key challenge is to analyze and rate credit-worthy projects in countries that have relatively low foreign currency sovereign ceilings due to economic, political, and financial risks. In most cases, the credit ratings for projects financed in currencies outside the host country are capped at the country''s foreign currency ceiling. However, in a few instances, mainly in the oil and gas sector, Moody''s has pierced the foreign currency ceiling or rated certain projects above the sovereign ratings of the countries where they are domiciled. The purpose of this article is to briefly explain some of the qualitative factors and considerations that have allowed Moody''s to pierce the ceiling in the oil and gas sector, with a focus on two recent and noteworthy projects: Ras Laffan Liquefied Natural Gas in Qatar and Petrozuata in Venezuela

Uut moodi / Anne Vetik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vetik, Anne

2010-01-01

Eesti moebrändidest, mis püüavad käivitada korrapärast tootmist ja haarata laiemat turgu. Lähemalt Mari Martini loodud kaubamärkidest Tallinn Dolls ja ReUse Republic, Kristina Viirpalu moeärist, Baltmani peadisaineri Antonio tegevusest

Reactivity of Metal Nitrates.

Science.gov (United States)

1982-07-20

02NOCuOH Any mechanism suggested for the nitration of aromatic systems by titanium(IV) nitrate must take into account the observed similarity, in...occurs. -26- References 1. For recent reviews see (a) R. B. Moodie and K. Schofield, Accounts Chem. Res., 1976, 9, 287; (b) G. A. Olah and S. J. Kuhn...Ithaca, N.Y., 1969, Chapter VI; L. M. Stock, Prog. Phys. Org. Chem., 1976, 12, 21; J. G. Hoggett , R. B. Moodie, J. R. Penton, and K. Schofield

Use and Perceptions of Second Life by Distance Learners: A Comparison with Other Communication Media

Science.gov (United States)

Murray, Jo-Anne; Littleton, Fiona; Dozier, Marshall

2015-01-01

Research has shown that the use of communication media in distance education can reduce feelings of distance and isolation from peers and tutors and provide opportunities for collaborative learning (Bates, 2005). The use of virtual worlds (VW) in education has increased in recent years, with Second Life (SL) being the most commonly used VW in…

Storage rings: Past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krisch, A.D.

2000-01-01

This lecture will attempt to review storage rings: past, present and future. I will spend more time on the past, because the past has produced most of our data, while the present can be rather brief. There is not yet much future data, but there are some plans about what we hope for. Professor Andy Sessler of Berkeley, who recently reviewed the early history of colliders, loaned me his slides; for this I have much appreciation

Is past life regression therapy ethical?

Science.gov (United States)

Andrade, Gabriel

2017-01-01

Past life regression therapy is used by some physicians in cases with some mental diseases. Anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and gender dysphoria have all been treated using life regression therapy by some doctors on the assumption that they reflect problems in past lives. Although it is not supported by psychiatric associations, few medical associations have actually condemned it as unethical. In this article, I argue that past life regression therapy is unethical for two basic reasons. First, it is not evidence-based. Past life regression is based on the reincarnation hypothesis, but this hypothesis is not supported by evidence, and in fact, it faces some insurmountable conceptual problems. If patients are not fully informed about these problems, they cannot provide an informed consent, and hence, the principle of autonomy is violated. Second, past life regression therapy has the great risk of implanting false memories in patients, and thus, causing significant harm. This is a violation of the principle of non-malfeasance, which is surely the most important principle in medical ethics.

Representations from the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sammut, Gordon; Tsirogianni, Stavroula; Wagoner, Brady

2012-01-01

of social behaviour are limited insofar as they exclude a historical concern with human purpose. In this paper, we draw on Bartlett’s notion of collective remembering to argue that manifest social relations are rooted in past events that give present behaviours meaning and justification. We further propose......Psychological life is subject to the influence of a constructed and potentially reconstituted past, as well as to future anticipated outcomes and expectations. Human behaviour occurs along a temporal trajectory that marks the projects individuals adopt in their quests of human action. Explanations...

Essential oil constituents of Piper cubeba L. fils. from Indonesia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bos, Rein; Woerdenbag, Herman J.; Kayser, Oliver; Quax, Wim J.; Ruslan, Komar; Elfami, [No Value

2007-01-01

The chemical composition of the essential oil of ripe berries (11.8% v/w) and leaves (0.9% v/w) of Piper cubeba L. fils. (Piperaceae) was investigated by GC and GUMS. Sabinene (9.1%), beta-elemene (9.4%), beta-caryophyllene (3.1%), epi-cubebol (4.3%), and cubebol (5.6%) were the main components of

Boriding with boron carbide base pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aliev, A.A.

1978-01-01

The aim of this paper is to develop an advanced technique of boriding using pastes under the conditions of furnace heating. The research is carried out on flat specimens of 20 and U8 steels pre-annealed in vacuum. B 4 C base pastes were used as saturating media, and the glue prepared by dissolving of nitrocellulose in the mixture of butylacetate and acetone was used as a bond. Measured was the depth of diffusion layers, produced on the 20 and u8 steels after boriding with the pastes under different temperatures and saturation times. The results of metallographic analysis show that borided layers have a specific needle-like structure. The surface of the specimens is clean and free from any paste residues and traces of partial melting

Parametric assessments on hydrogenic species transport in CVD-diamond vacuum windows used in ITER ECRH

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moreno, C.; Sedano, L.A.; Fernandez, A. [EURATOM-CIEMAT Association, Madrid (Spain)

2007-07-01

Insulators used as H and CD and Diagnostic vacuum windows (VW) in ITER may become modified by surface intake and bulk transport of hydrogenic species. VW, operating under severe radiation levels, have a primary safety role as tritium confinement barriers. Ionizing radiation enhances the (H') uptake and release at surfaces and diffusion rates in the bulk. Radiation damage modifies the material's bulk trapped inventories by increasing steady state trapping centre concentrations. An experimental programme is ongoing at CIEMAT, to quantify radiation effects on H transport characteristics and also the possible impact on the VW. The reference material for ECRH VW is CVD diamond. As a parallel activity, parametric transport assessments are being made in order to obtain a wide evaluation of permeation fluxes, ranges, and soluted/trapped inventories in CVD diamond. Transport models have been developed based on extended capabilities of finite differences integrator tool TMAP7. Special attention is paid to radiation parameters defining inputs acting on transport magnitudes. These inputs have been analysed by using ionizing/damage radiation transport tools such as MCNPX/SRIM. VW operational scenarios are discussed with special attention being paid to the ITER design assumptions for the values of H-species source terms (neutrals and implanted) in the ECRH system. The available material transport database with and without radiation is discussed and taken as reference for this parametric exercise. Permeation fluxes through base materials are shown to be below DRG limits established for ITER. (orig.)

Detection of Verticillium wilt of olive trees and downy mildew of opium poppy using hyperspectral and thermal UAV imagery

Science.gov (United States)

Calderón Madrid, Rocío; Navas Cortés, Juan Antonio; Montes Borrego, Miguel; Landa del Castillo, Blanca Beatriz; Lucena León, Carlos; Jesús Zarco Tejada, Pablo

2014-05-01

The present study explored the use of high-resolution thermal, multispectral and hyperspectral imagery as indicators of the infections caused by Verticillium wilt (VW) in olive trees and downy mildew (DM) in opium poppy fields. VW, caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae, and DM, caused by the biotrophic obligate oomycete Peronospora arborescens, are the most economically limiting diseases of olive trees and opium poppy, respectively, worldwide. V. dahliae infects the plant by the roots and colonizes its vascular system, blocking water flow and eventually inducing water stress. P. arborescens colonizes the mesophyll, appearing the first symptoms as small chlorotic leaf lesions, which can evolve to curled and thickened tissues and systemic infections that become deformed and necrotic as the disease develops. The work conducted to detect VW and DM infection consisted on the acquisition of time series of airborne thermal, multispectral and hyperspectral imagery using 2-m and 5-m wingspan electric Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in spring and summer of three consecutive years (2009 to 2011) for VW detection and on three dates in spring of 2009 for DM detection. Two 7-ha commercial olive orchards naturally infected with V. dahliae and two opium poppy field plots artificially infected by P. arborescens were flown. Concurrently to the airborne campaigns, olive orchards and opium poppy fields were assessed "in situ" to assess actual VW severity and DM incidence. Furthermore, field measurements were conducted at leaf and crown level. The field results related to VW detection showed a significant increase in crown temperature (Tc) minus air temperature (Ta) and a decrease in leaf stomatal conductance (G) as VW severity increased. This reduction in G was associated with a significant increase in the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI570) and a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence. DM asymptomatic leaves showed significantly higher NDVI and lower green/red index

Thermal interface pastes nanostructured for high performance

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Chuangang

Thermal interface materials in the form of pastes are needed to improve thermal contacts, such as that between a microprocessor and a heat sink of a computer. High-performance and low-cost thermal pastes have been developed in this dissertation by using polyol esters as the vehicle and various nanoscale solid components. The proportion of a solid component needs to be optimized, as an excessive amount degrades the performance, due to the increase in the bond line thickness. The optimum solid volume fraction tends to be lower when the mating surfaces are smoother, and higher when the thermal conductivity is higher. Both a low bond line thickness and a high thermal conductivity help the performance. When the surfaces are smooth, a low bond line thickness can be even more important than a high thermal conductivity, as shown by the outstanding performance of the nanoclay paste of low thermal conductivity in the smooth case (0.009 mum), with the bond line thickness less than 1 mum, as enabled by low storage modulus G', low loss modulus G" and high tan delta. However, for rough surfaces, the thermal conductivity is important. The rheology affects the bond line thickness, but it does not correlate well with the performance. This study found that the structure of carbon black is an important parameter that governs the effectiveness of a carbon black for use in a thermal paste. By using a carbon black with a lower structure (i.e., a lower DBP value), a thermal paste that is more effective than the previously reported carbon black paste was obtained. Graphite nanoplatelet (GNP) was found to be comparable in effectiveness to carbon black (CB) pastes for rough surfaces, but it is less effective for smooth surfaces. At the same filler volume fraction, GNP gives higher thermal conductivity than carbon black paste. At the same pressure, GNP gives higher bond line thickness than CB (Tokai or Cabot). The effectiveness of GNP is limited, due to the high bond line thickness. A

Stochastic Modeling of Past Volcanic Crises

Science.gov (United States)

Woo, Gordon

2018-01-01

The statistical foundation of disaster risk analysis is past experience. From a scientific perspective, history is just one realization of what might have happened, given the randomness and chaotic dynamics of Nature. Stochastic analysis of the past is an exploratory exercise in counterfactual history, considering alternative possible scenarios. In particular, the dynamic perturbations that might have transitioned a volcano from an unrest to an eruptive state need to be considered. The stochastic modeling of past volcanic crises leads to estimates of eruption probability that can illuminate historical volcanic crisis decisions. It can also inform future economic risk management decisions in regions where there has been some volcanic unrest, but no actual eruption for at least hundreds of years. Furthermore, the availability of a library of past eruption probabilities would provide benchmark support for estimates of eruption probability in future volcanic crises.

INFLUENCIA DE LAS DIMENSIONES Y DE LA DISPOSICIÓN TÉRMICA EN LA RESPUESTA DE TERMOPILAS USADAS COMO SENSORES EN CALORIMETRÍA DE CONDUCCIÓN DE CALOR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Giraldo

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Se determina la sensibilidad y estabilidad para tres tipos de termopilas, con diferentes dimensiones, pero con igual número de termocuplas. Se obtienen sensibilidades que crecen a medida que aumenta el área de cubrimiento de la superficie que genera el efecto térmico: 0,022 VW-1, para la termopila con área de 1764 mm2; de 0,011 VW para las termopilas con un área de 1024 mm2, y para las termopilas con área de 882 mm2 se presenta la menor sensibilidad, de 0,009 VW-1. La estabilidad permanece constante para todas las termopilas sin importar sus dimensiones. Cuando se unen las termopilas en serie su sensibilidad depende del contacto

How Do High-Achieving Students Approach Web-Based, Copy and Paste Note Taking?: Selective Pasting and Related Learning Outcomes

Science.gov (United States)

Igo, L. Brent; Kiewra, Kenneth A.

2007-01-01

Previous research has indicated that most students copy and paste notes from Internet sources in a mindless way; they typically paste large sections of text into their notes and then later can recall little of what they have stored. However, supplying students with a note-taking framework that restricts the amount of text that may be pasted can…

Climate Change: Past, Present, and Future

Science.gov (United States)

Chapman, David S.; Davis, Michael G.

2010-09-01

Questions about global warming concern climate scientists and the general public alike. Specifically, what are the reliable surface temperature reconstructions over the past few centuries? And what are the best predictions of global temperature change the Earth might expect for the next century? Recent publications [National Research Council (NRC), 2006; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007] permit these questions to be answered in a single informative illustration by assembling temperature reconstructions of the past thousand years with predictions for the next century. The result, shown in Figure 1, illustrates present and future warming in the context of natural variations in the past [see also Oldfield and Alverson, 2003]. To quote a Chinese proverb, “A picture's meaning can express ten thousand words.” Because it succinctly captures past inferences and future projections of climate, the illustration should be of interest to scientists, educators, policy makers, and the public.

Cement paste prior to setting: A rheological approach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bellotto, Maurizio, E-mail: maurizio.bellotto@bozzetto.it

2013-10-15

The evolution of cement paste during the dormant period is analyzed via small amplitude oscillation rheological measurements. Cement paste, from the very first moments after mixing cement and water, shows the formation of an elastic gel whose strength is rapidly increasing over time. Up to the onset of Portlandite precipitation G′(t) increases by more than 2 orders of magnitude and in the acceleratory period G′(t) continues steadily to increase. A microstructural modification is likely to occur between the dormant and the acceleratory period. At low deformations in the linearity domain the storage modulus G′(ω) exhibits a negligible frequency dependence. At higher deformations cement paste shows a yield stress which increases on increasing paste concentration. The presence of superplasticizers decreases the yield stress and increases the gelation threshold of the paste. Above the gelation threshold the evolution of cement paste with superplasticizers follows similar trends to the neat paste. -- Highlights: •The gelation of cement paste during the dormant period is analyzed via rheometry. •The observed evolution is proposed to be related to the pore structure refinement. •Similarities are observed with colloidal gels and colloidal glasses.

34 CFR 668.174 - Past performance.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Past performance. 668.174 Section 668.174 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education (Continued) OFFICE OF POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION STUDENT ASSISTANCE GENERAL PROVISIONS Financial Responsibility § 668.174 Past...

Searchlights from the past

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kletz, Trevor A.

2008-01-01

'Modern man', wrote the historian, E.H. Carr, 'peers eagerly back into the twilight from which he has come, in the hope that its faint beams will illuminate the obscurity into which he is going ...'. Carr is wrong. For those who are willing to look, searchlights, not faint beams, shine out from the past and show us the pits into which we will fall if we do not look where we are going. Some of these searchlights illuminate specific technical risks while others remind us of general principles. In an age of rapid change people are particularly prone to ignore the past, but while technology changes, people do not

Effect of Paste Flux Concentration on Adhesion Behavior

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DU Quan-bin

2017-11-01

Full Text Available In view of the problem that paste flux is difficult to spread uniformly on the surface of filler metal, the adhesion behavior of the different concentrations of paste flux on the surface of filler metal was studied by the equipment of OM, wetting angle tester and surface tensiometer. The results show that adhesive layer is gradually thickened with the increase of the concentration of paste flux. A small amount of shrinkage appears in the thin adhesive layer. however, mass paste flux slides off filler metal when adhesive layer is thicker, accompanying by severe aggregation and shrinkage. For the ideal surface, the adhesive tension of paste flux with different concentrations of paste flux is the same. For the actual surface, the stripe groove additional pressure is formed when paste flux wets stripe groove, and the additional pressure is the main reason for the lagging phenomenon of the shrinkage of the adhesive layer. With the increase of paste flux concentration, the additional pressure decreases, the hysteresis resistance decreases, and the shrinkage increases. A relationship is satisfied when the shrinkage takes place in thin adhesive layer, this is ΔWC ≥ A+ΔP. Whether the shrinkage occurs mainly depends on the adhesion tension and the additional pressure.

Preparation of calcium phosphate paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohd Reusmaazran Yusof; Norzita Yaacob; Idris Besar; Che Seman Mahmood; Rusnah Mustafa

2010-01-01

Calcium phosphate paste were prepared by mixing between calcium sodium potassium phosphate, Ca 2 NaK (PO 4 ) 2 (CSPP) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 .H 2 O (MCPM). CSPP were obtained by reaction between calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO 4 ), potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) and sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) in solid state sintering process followed by quenching in air at 1000 degree Celsius. The paste was aging in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 hrs, 3, 7 and 14 days. The morphological investigation indicated the formation of apatite crystal were first growth after 24 hours. The obvious growth of apatite crystal was shown at 3 days. The obvious growth of apatite crystal was shown in 7 and 14 days indicated the prediction of paste would have rapid reaction with bone after implantation. (author)

THE BARYON CYCLE AT HIGH REDSHIFTS: EFFECTS OF GALACTIC WINDS ON GALAXY EVOLUTION IN OVERDENSE AND AVERAGE REGIONS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sadoun, Raphael [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0830 (United States); Shlosman, Isaac; Choi, Jun-Hwan; Romano-Díaz, Emilio, E-mail: raphael.sadoun@utah.edu [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055 (United States)

2016-10-01

We employ high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations focusing on a high-sigma peak and an average cosmological field at z ∼ 6–12 in order to investigate the influence of environment and baryonic feedback on galaxy evolution in the reionization epoch. Strong feedback, e.g., galactic winds, caused by elevated star formation rates (SFRs) is expected to play an important role in this evolution. We compare different outflow prescriptions: (i) constant wind velocity (CW), (ii) variable wind scaling with galaxy properties (VW), and (iii) no outflows (NW). The overdensity leads to accelerated evolution of dark matter and baryonic structures, absent from the “normal” region, and to shallow galaxy stellar mass functions at the low-mass end. Although CW shows little dependence on the environment, the more physically motivated VW model does exhibit this effect. In addition, VW can reproduce the observed specific SFR (sSFR) and the sSFR–stellar mass relation, which CW and NW fail to satisfy simultaneously. Winds also differ substantially in affecting the state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). The difference lies in the volume-filling factor of hot, high-metallicity gas, which is near unity for CW, while such gas remains confined in massive filaments for VW, and locked up in galaxies for NW. Such gas is nearly absent from the normal region. Although all wind models suffer from deficiencies, the VW model seems to be promising in correlating the outflow properties with those of host galaxies. Further constraints on the state of the IGM at high z are needed to separate different wind models.

Glue-paste linings

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fuster-López, Laura; Andersen, Cecil Krarup; Bouillon, Nicolas

2017-01-01

Glue-paste linings of (Western) canvas paintings have been performed with a variety of materials throughout history and are present in a very significant amount of artworks in collections in Europe and elsewhere. Cereal flours and animal glues were usually the main ingredients because they were r...

Estimation and measurement of porosity change in cement paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Eunyong; Jung, Haeryong; Kwon, Ki-jung; Kim, Do-Gyeum

2011-01-01

Laboratory-scale experiments were performed to understand the porosity change of cement pastes. The cement pastes were prepared using commercially available Type-I ordinary Portland cement (OPC). As the cement pastes were exposed in water, the porosity of the cement pastes sharply increased; however, the slow decrease of porosity was observed as the dissolution period was extended more than 50 days. As expected, the dissolution reaction was significantly influenced by w/c ratio and the ionic strength of solution. A thermodynamic model was applied to simulate the porosity change of the cement pastes. It was highly influenced by the depth of the cement pastes. There was porosity increase on the surface of the cement pastes due to dissolution of hydration products, such as portlandite, ettringite, and CSH. However, the decrease of porosity was estimated inside the cement pastes due to the precipitation of cement minerals. (author)

Carbon Fiber Composite Materials for Automotive Applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Norris, Jr., Robert E. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Mainka, Hendrik [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

2017-06-01

Volkswagen (VW) is internationally recognized for quantity and quality of world-wide vehicle production and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is internationally recognized in materials research and development. With automotive production ramping up in the recently constructed VW Group of America facility in Chattanooga, Tennessee, ORNL and VW initiated discussions in 2012 concerning opportunities for collaboration around ORNL’s carbon fiber and composites programs. ORNL is conducting an internationally recognized program to develop and implement lower cost carbon fibers and composites for automotive and other “energy missions” for the US Department of Energy. Significant effort is ongoing in selecting, developing, and evaluating alternative precursors, developing and demonstrating advanced conversion techniques, and developing and tailoring surface treatment, sizings, and formatting fiber for specific composite matrices and end-use applications. ORNL already had North America’s most comprehensive suite of tools for carbon fiber research and development and established a semiproduction demonstration line referred to as the Carbon Fiber Technology Facility (CFTF) to facilitate implementation of low cost carbon fiber (LCCF) approaches in early 2013. ORNL and VW agreed to collaborate in a formal Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (NFE-12-03992) specifically focused on evaluating applicability of low cost carbon fiber products for potential vehicle components. The goal of the work outlined in this report was to develop and qualify uses for carbon fiber-reinforced structures in connection with civilian ground transportation. Significant progress was achieved in evaluating and understanding lignin-based precursor materials; however, availability of carbon fiber converted from lignin precursor combined with logistical issues associated with the Visa limitations for the VW participant resulted in significantly shortening of the collaboration

Past absence as a predictor of present absence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Løkke Møller, Ann-Kristina Løkke

2014-01-01

of confounders such as gender, age, seniority, wage, contracted number of work hours and season. The results of the empirical study show that there is a significant positive relationship between employees' absence duration and past absence spells and past absence days, respectively. The study thus confirms...... that past days and past spells have an equal potential of predicting present absent. Past absence behaviour can thus be used as an early warning for managers. The study also confirms that personal characteristics such as age and seniority also influence absence duration. Moreover, job characteristics...... such as wage and contracted number of work hours also influence absence duration. Finally, the season of the year seems to influence absence duration....

Helping Students Get Past Math Anxiety

Science.gov (United States)

Scarpello, Gary

2007-01-01

Math anxiety can begin as early as the fourth grade and peaks in middle school and high school. It can be caused by past classroom experiences, parental influences, and remembering poor past math performance. Math anxiety can cause students to avoid challenging math courses and may limit their career choices. It is important for teachers, parents…

A note on the periphrastic past in Afrikaans

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Kate H

The periphrastic past tense of Afrikaans, involving the auxiliary het, ... simple past in (2a), on the right, expresses cotemporaneity with a reference point in the past. ... temporal semantics indicates that tense may be present in nonfinite contexts. .... This must be understood in the context of the model of grammar in current ...

Control of crack pattern using memory effect of paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nakahara, Akio; Shinohara, Yuu; Matsuo, Yousuke

2011-01-01

A densely packed colloidal suspension, called as a paste, remembers the direction of external mechanical fields, such as flow and vibration. When the pastes are dried, memories in pastes are visualized as macroscopically anisotropic crack patterns, such as lamellar, radial, ring and spiral. Here, we experimentally investigate how pastes remember such experiences by using paste with different size distribution of colloidal particles. We find that a paste with smaller particles have a better memory, in the sense it remembers external mechanical fields at smaller solid volume fraction, which implies that interparticle forces between colloidal particles play an important role in memory effects, causing a quantitative change in the phase diagram for the same material. This result supports the hypothesis that memories in pastes are maintained as microscopically anisotropic network structure of colloidal particles, connected via interparticle forces between colloidal particles, such as van der Waals interaction.

Vertex operator construction of superconformal ghosts and string field theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ezawa, Z.F.; Nakamura, S.; Tezuka, A.

1987-01-01

Superconformal ghosts in string theories are characterized by the SU(1,1) Kac-Moody algebra with central charge -1/2. These ghost fields are constructed as the vertex operators realizing spinor representations of the Kac-Moody algebra. Representations of the canonical commutation relations of the superconformal ghosts are analyzed extensively. All irreducible representations are found to possess only the trivial inner product but for one exceptional case. Consequently, in superstring field theory it is necessary to consider reducible representations in general. Hilbert spaces with a non-trivial inner product are explicitly obtained upon which second quantization of superstring may be carried out. (orig.)

Inabilities, excuses and exemptions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Botting

2015-08-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2015v14n1p104 In this paper I will argue, following Moody-Adams’s (1994 paper “Culture, responsibility and affected ignorance,” that inability does not excuse in general, but against Moody-Adams I will argue that this is not because of “affected ignorance” but simply because of responsibilities individual agents have by virtue of belonging to and participating in the collective actions of a certain kind of collective. Excusability has been misdiagnosed as depending on whether the ignorance of wrongdoing involved is culpable or non-culpable.

Numancia: The lived past. The felt past

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jimeno Martínez, Alfredo

2000-12-01

Full Text Available In this paper the principal components of the Management Plan of Numancia (Soria are exposed. Its aim is to integrate the different activities (research, conservation, diffusion and management that have been undertaken at this historic site. For their better understanding, some previous considerations are presented about the ''leisure culture ", tourism and Archaeology, as well as about the ideological use and the mental reconstruction of the past, having always the site of Numancia as a reference. Afterwards we expose the need of reconstructions made in situ as a means to offer a comprehensible and living past. Finally, these programs of work are evaluated in relation with the evolution of the number of visitors and the socioeconomic implications.

En este artículo se exponen los componentes del Plan Director de Numancia (Soria, que tiene como objetivo integrar el conjunto de actuaciones (investigación, conservación, difusión y gestión a realizar en este histórico yacimiento. Para entender mejor las actuaciones que se están realizando en la presentación didáctica y puesta en valor de Numancia, se hace previamente una serie de consideraciones sobre ocio cultural, turismo y Arqueología, uso ideológico y reconstrucción mental del pasado, teniendo a Numancia como referente. A continuación se expone la necesidad de presentar este yacimiento a través de reconstrucciones realizadas in situ, como fórmula para hacer el pasado comprensible y vivido. Finalmente se valoran estas intervenciones, atendiendo a la evolución del número de visitantes y a las implicaciones socioeconómicas.

Measuring techniques for autogenous strain of cement paste

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lura, Pietro; Jensen, Ole Mejlhede

2007-01-01

Volumetric measurement of autogenous strain is frequently performed by placing the fresh cement paste in a rubber membrane submerged in water. The volume change of the cement paste is measured by the amount of water displaced by the submerged sample. Volumetric and linear measurements of autogenous...... of the volumetric method. Water absorption is driven by a lowering of the water activity in the cement paste due to dissolved salts in the pore fluid and to self-desiccation. From the moment of casting, significant water uptake was registered in all experiments. This water uptake influenced the volumetric...... on the same cement pastes....

Past exposure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dropkin, G.; Clark, D.

1992-01-01

Past Exposure uses confidential company documents, obtained by the Namibia Support Committee over several years, to draw attention to risks to workers' health and the environment at Roessing Uranium mine. Particular reference is made to discussion of dust levels, radiation hazards, uranium poisoning, environmental leaks, especially from the tailings dam, and the lack of monitoring of thorium. In relation to agreements between trades unions and mines, agreements reached by RTZ-owned Canadian in Canada, and British Nuclear Fuels in the UK, are discussed. (UK)

Variable weight spectral amplitude coding for multiservice OCDMA networks

Science.gov (United States)

Seyedzadeh, Saleh; Rahimian, Farzad Pour; Glesk, Ivan; Kakaee, Majid H.

2017-09-01

The emergence of heterogeneous data traffic such as voice over IP, video streaming and online gaming have demanded networks with capability of supporting quality of service (QoS) at the physical layer with traffic prioritisation. This paper proposes a new variable-weight code based on spectral amplitude coding for optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) networks to support QoS differentiation. The proposed variable-weight multi-service (VW-MS) code relies on basic matrix construction. A mathematical model is developed for performance evaluation of VW-MS OCDMA networks. It is shown that the proposed code provides an optimal code length with minimum cross-correlation value when compared to other codes. Numerical results for a VW-MS OCDMA network designed for triple-play services operating at 0.622 Gb/s, 1.25 Gb/s and 2.5 Gb/s are considered.

Chloride ingress in cement paste and mortar

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Ole Mejlhede; Hansen, Per Freiesleben; Coats, Alison M.

1999-01-01

In this paper chloride ingress in cement paste and mortar is followed by electron probe microanalysis. The influence of several paste and exposure parameters on chloride ingress are examined (e.g., water-cement ratio, silica fume addition, exposure time, and temperature), The measurements...

Regional Development Planning in Ethiopia: Past Experience ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Regional Development Planning in Ethiopia: Past Experience, Current Initiatives and Future Prospects. ... Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review ... The main contention of the paper is that in the past, regional development, in line with the functional integration approach, was considered a national project.

Past Quantum States of a Monitored System

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gammelmark, Søren; Julsgaard, Brian; Mølmer, Klaus

2013-01-01

A density matrix ρ(t) yields probabilistic information about the outcome of measurements on a quantum system. We introduce here the past quantum state, which, at time T, accounts for the state of a quantum system at earlier times t...(t) and E(t), conditioned on the dynamics and the probing of the system until t and in the time interval [t, T], respectively. The past quantum state is characterized by its ability to make better predictions for the unknown outcome of any measurement at t than the conventional quantum state at that time....... On the one hand, our formalism shows how smoothing procedures for estimation of past classical signals by a quantum probe [M. Tsang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 250403 (2009)] apply also to describe the past state of the quantum system itself. On the other hand, it generalizes theories of pre- and postselected...

Sinalbin degradation products in mild yellow mustard paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paunović Dragana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Sinalbin degradation products in mild yellow mustard paste were investigated. The analyzed material consisted of a mild yellow mustard paste condiment and ground white mustard seeds which were originally used in the mustard paste production process. The samples were extracted in a Soxhlet extraction system and analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS technique. The only sinalbin degradation product in ground mustard seeds was 2-(4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile. The most abundant sinalbin degradation product in yellow mustard paste was 4-(hydroxymethylphenol. Other compounds identified in this sample were: 4-methyl phenol, 4-ethyl phenol, 4-(2-hydroxyethylphenol and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl ethanoic acid.

Seebikad vanakreeka moodi / Kadri Novikov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Novikov, Kadri

2009-01-01

Kreeka romaanist ehk 1. saj. eKr kuni 4. saj. pKr kirjutatud mahukatest proosafiktsioonidest, mis oma olemuselt on segu armastus- ja seiklusromaanidest. Pikemalt on vaatluse all Charitoni "Chaireas ja Kallirhoe", Xenophoni "Ephesose lood", Achilleus Tatiose "Leukippe ja Kleitophon", Longose "Daphnis ja Chloe" ning Heliodorose "Aithiopika"

Mõistulood ungari moodi / Andres Allpere

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Allpere, Andres

2000-01-01

Ungari mängufilmidest : "Mulle andis Vanajumal Pestis laterna kätte" ("Nekem lámpást adott kezembe az Úr Pesten"), režisöör Miklós Jancsó; "Nägija Simon" ("Simon mágus"), režisöör Ildikó Enyedi; "Süüdistus" ("A vád"), režisöör Sándor Sára ja "6 : 3", režisöör Péter Tímár

"Klass" prantsuse moodi / Jaan Ruus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ruus, Jaan, 1938-2017

2009-01-01

Laurent Cantet ja Françoise Begaudeau filmist "Seinte vahel", mis on pooldokumentaalne lugu probleemsest klassikollektiivist Prantsusmaa ühes riigikoolis. Filmi aluseks on kooliõpetaja Françoise Begaudeau romaan

Profile Interview: Prof. Rob Moodie

African Journals Online (AJOL)

the prevention of problems and promotion of good health – our aim was to be the ... months to develop a national strategy and we faced enormous opposition from ... have any advertising on the pack apart from images of what damage it does.

"Demokratiseerimine" Guatemala moodi / Tõnu Prei

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Prei, Tõnu, 1950-

2004-01-01

Guatemala ajaloost, Ameerika Ühendriikide poolt Guatemalas toime pandud riigipööretest ja kodusõjas toimunud maia-indiaanlaste genotsiidist, mille eest vastutavaid isikuid on nüüd hakatud kohtu alla andma

Disneyland inglise moodi / Harry Liivrand

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Liivrand, Harry, 1961-

2000-01-01

Kuppelehitisest Millennium Dome Londonis. Avati 1. I 2000 ajutise ehitisena jäädes lahti 31. detsembrini. Ehitamist alustati 1997. a. Richard Rogersi (1933) büroo projekti järgi. Millenniumikuplil on 14 tsooni. Zaha Hadidi büroo disainis "Mind Zone'i". Inglise kunstnike töid paviljonides

Ulmekas Eesti moodi / Dagne Hanschmidt

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hanschmidt, Dagne

2005-01-01

Ulmelise lühimängufilmi "Kärbseudu" võtted Põlvamaal Ottenis. Režissöör, üks stsenariste ja produtsent on Tallinna Ülikooli filmi ja video eriala viimase kursuse tudeng Janek Karakatsh, näitlejaiks Raine Loo, Aapo Ilves, Igor Maasik (Onu Bella)

Noort moodi / Kätlin Karik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karik, Kätlin

2011-01-01

ERKI Moeshow Volta tehases 4. juunil 2011. Loetletud lavale pääsenud kollektsioonid. Pikemalt kollektsioonidest "All that money" (Madis Luik, Karen Milistver, Nele Aunap), "Satellite orchids" (Olga Jazepova), "Vaktsiin" (Triinu Jõhve, Diana Tombak, Katrina Kaubi, Maarja Siim, Piret Mägi, Elina Peippo), "I love you...me neither" (Olga Rattik), "Haute sport couture" (Kristina Tatarinova). Kollektsioonide autorid vastavad kolmele küsimusele

Investigation of a Hardened Cement Paste Grout

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Esteves, Luis Pedro; Sørensen, Eigil Verner

This report documents a series of tests performed on a hardened cement paste grout delivered by the client, Det Norske Veritas A/S.......This report documents a series of tests performed on a hardened cement paste grout delivered by the client, Det Norske Veritas A/S....

Who controls the past?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Penny English

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This collection of articles presents a series of snapshots of different aspects of the regulatory framework and practice of metal detecting (and related issues. Each shines a spotlight on a different context but underlying all of them is the same fundamental question. Although the focus of heritage law and management is on tangible property, i.e. objects and places, the debate always leads us back to the intangible and seemingly insoluble question of who should have the right to control access to the past. These articles speak with a variety of voices, some more forcibly than others. The resulting kaleidoscope of viewpoints illuminates the challenge of reaching a workable management regime for the archaeological heritage, at times highlighting points of convergence, at others the unbridgeable gulf between different communities of interest, all claiming a stake in the past.

Mechanochemical degradation of potato starch paste under ultrasonic irradiation

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

LI Jian-bin; LI Lin; LI Bing; CHEN Ling; GUI Lin

2006-01-01

In the paper, changes in the molecular weight, the intrinsic viscosity and the polydispersity (molecular mass distribution) of treated potato starch paste were studied under different ultrasonic conditions which include irradiation time, ultrasonic intensity, potato starch paste concentration, and distance from probe tip on the degradation of potato starch paste. Intrinsic viscosity of potato starch paste was determined following the ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) standard practice for dilute solution viscosity of polymers. Molecular mass and polydispersity of potato starch paste were measured on GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography). The results showed that the average molecular mass and the intrinsic viscosity of starch strongly depended on irradiation time. Degradation increased with prolonged ultrasonic irradiation time, and the increase of ultrasonic intensity could accelerate the degradation, resulting in a faster degradation rate, a lower limiting value and a higher degradation extent. Starch samples were degraded faster in dilute solutions than in concentrated solutions. The molecular mass and the intrinsic viscosity of starch increased with the increase of distance from probe tip. Our results also showed that the polydispersity decreased with ultrasonic irradiation under all ultrasonic conditions. Ultrasonic degradation of potato starch paste occured based on the mechanism of molecular relaxation of starch paste. In the initial stage, ultrasonic degradation of potato starch paste was a random process, and the molecular mass distribution was broad. After that, ultrasonic degradation of potato starch paste changed to a nonrandom process, and the molecular mass distribution became narrower. Finally, molecular mass distribution tended toward a saturation value.

Sinalbin degradation products in mild yellow mustard paste

OpenAIRE

Paunović, Dragana; Šolević-Knudsen, Tatjana; Krivokapić, Mirjana; Zlatković, Branislav; Antić, Mališa

2012-01-01

Sinalbin degradation products in mild yellow mustard paste were investigated. The analyzed material consisted of a mild yellow mustard paste condiment and ground white mustard seeds which were originally used in the mustard paste production process. The samples were extracted in a Soxhlet extraction system and analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The only sinalbin degradation product in ground mustard seeds was 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile. The most a...

Rheological characterisation and printing performance of Sn/Ag/Cu solder pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Durairaj, R.; Ramesh, S.; Mallik, S.; Seman, A.; Ekere, N.

2009-01-01

Lead-free solder paste printing process accounts for majority of the assembly defects in the electronic manufacturing industry. The study investigates rheological behaviour and stencil printing performance of the lead-free solder pastes (Sn/Ag/Cu). Oscillatory stress sweep test was carried out to study the visco-elastic behaviour of the lead-free solder pastes. The visco-elastic behaviour of the paste encompasses solid and liquid characteristic of the paste, which could be used to study the flow behaviour experienced by the pastes during the stencil printing process. From this study, it was found that the solid characteristics (G') is higher than the liquid characteristic (G'') for the pastes material. In addition, the results from the study showed that the solder paste with a large G' = G'' has a higher cohesiveness resulting in poor withdrawal of the paste during the stencil printing process. The phase angles (δ) was used to correlate the quality of the dense suspensions to the formulation of solder paste materials. This study has revealed the value of having a rheological measurement for explaining and characterising solder pastes for stencil printing. As the demand for lead free pastes increases rheological measurements can assist with the formulation or development of new pastes.

The efficacy testing of irradiated shrimp paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nouchpramool, Kovit; Eamsiri, Jaruratana; Sujjabut, Surusak

2005-10-01

Two lots of shrimp paste from commercial source in Samutsakhon were irradiated at a recommended minimum dose of 6 kGy using a J S 8900 cobalt-60 carrier gamma irradiator of Thai Irradiation Center in Patum Thani. Red Perspex dosimeter were used to measure the absorbed dose throughout the product with emphasis on the region of minimum and maximum absorbed dose. This way, it was aimed to compare the dose effects of gamma irradiation on the microbiological, chemical and sensory quality of shrimp paste. The results indicated that the shrimp paste received minimum and maximum absorbed dose of 6.85 and 12.83 kGy with dose uniformity ratio of 1.87 . Throughput rate is 468 kilogram per hour. The microbiological load of shrimp paste was rather high resulting in not compliance with Thai industrial standard 1080-2535. Irradiation at 6.8 kGy reduced total viable bacterial count by one log cycle. Although the irradiated product was organoleptic ally acceptable and could be kept for 16 months at room temperature, mold and Clostridium perfringens were still present in some samples after irradiation and during prolonged storage in amount that exceeds the limitation of Thai industrial standard. Chemical properties such as p H, moisture and sodium chloride content of irradiated shrimp paste were not significantly changed after irradiation

Non-Dependent and Dependent Daily Cannabis Users Differ in Mental Health but Not Prospective Memory Ability

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ruth Braidwood

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Research suggests that daily cannabis users have impaired memory for past events, but it is not clear whether they are also impaired in prospective memory (PM for future events. The present study examined PM in daily cannabis users who were either dependent (n = 18 or non-dependent (n = 18, and compared them with non-using controls (n = 18. The effect of future event simulation (FES on PM performance was also examined. Participants were matched across groups on age, gender, and highest level of education. The virtual week (VW was used to objectively assess PM abilities, both at baseline and following FES. Other measures used were: cannabis use variables, immediate and delayed prose recall, phonemic and category fluency, spot-the-word test (premorbid intelligence, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and a measure of schizotypy (Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences: unusual experiences subscale. No group differences were found in PM performance on the VW, and FES did not improve PM performance in any group. Dependent cannabis users scored higher on depression, anxiety, and schizotypy than both other groups with non-dependent cannabis users scoring at a similar level to controls. There were no group differences in alcohol use. Findings suggest that when carefully matched on baseline variables, and not differing in premorbid IQ or alcohol use, young, near-daily cannabis users do not differ from non-using controls in PM performance.

Effect of curing time on the physicochemical and sensory properties of beef jerky replaced salt with soy sauce, red pepper paste and soybean paste.

Science.gov (United States)

Lim, H J; Kim, G D; Jung, E Y; Seo, H W; Joo, S T; Jin, S K; Yang, H S

2014-08-01

This study was done to investigate the quality properties of beef jerky with soy sauce, red pepper paste, and soybean paste replacing salt. Sliced beef samples were cured in salt (control), soy sauce, red pepper paste, and soybean paste for 24 or 48 h and then dried at 70°C for 8 h. Treatments showed higher final moisture content and lower Na(+) concentration than the control after drying for 8 h. The lightness and shear force values were lower in all treatment samples than in the control during 48 h of curing time. In particular, lower lipid oxidation was found in the jerky cured with red pepper paste than in the control. Sensory evaluation showed that color, flavor, and tenderness of jerky samples were improved by replacing salt with soy sauce, red pepper paste and soybean paste, and higher likeability scores of the beef jerky were obtained among those treatments after 48 h of curing time.

Carbon paste electrode in a solid-contact minicavity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, Antonio Ap. Pupim; Ribeiro, Sidney Jose Lima; Fugivara, Cecilio Sadao; Caiut, Jose Mauricio Almeida; Sargentelli, Vagner; Benedetti, Assis Vicente

2011-01-01

This work describes the preparation of carbon paste electrode (EPC) in a solid-contact minicavity and its evaluation when containing carbon paste without and with SiO 2 (Eu 3+ 2%) and SiO 2 (Eu 3+ 2%)-lysine sub-micrometrics particles. For this study cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance measurements were performed at pH 7.4 in 0.1 mol L -1 PBS containing Fe(CN) 6 -3 / -4 redox species. The impedance results were interpreted based on a charge-transfer reaction involving Fe(CN) 6 -3 / -4 species and/or oxygen at higher frequencies and, diffusion of the electroactive species and carbon paste characteristics at lower frequencies. EPC-minicavity is suitable for electroanalysis using modified carbon paste. (author)

N=2 current algebra and coset models

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hull, C.M.; Spence, B.

1990-01-01

The N=2 supersymmetric extension of the Kac-Moody algebra and the corresponding Sugawara construction of the N=2 superconformal algebra are discussed both in components and in N=1 superspace. A formulation of the Kac-Moody algebra and Sugawara construction is given in N=2 superspace in terms of supercurrents satisfying a non-linear chiral constraint. The operator product of two supercurrents includes terms that are non-linear in the supercurrents. The N=2 generalization of the GKO coset construction is then given and the conditions found by Kazama and Suzuki are seen to arise from the non-linearity of the algebra. (orig.)

Lattice Boltzmann equation calculation of internal, pressure-driven turbulent flow

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hammond, L A; Halliday, I; Care, C M; Stevens, A

2002-01-01

We describe a mixing-length extension of the lattice Boltzmann approach to the simulation of an incompressible liquid in turbulent flow. The method uses a simple, adaptable, closure algorithm to bound the lattice Boltzmann fluid incorporating a law-of-the-wall. The test application, of an internal, pressure-driven and smooth duct flow, recovers correct velocity profiles for Reynolds number to 1.25 x 10 5 . In addition, the Reynolds number dependence of the friction factor in the smooth-wall branch of the Moody chart is correctly recovered. The method promises a straightforward extension to other curves of the Moody chart and to cylindrical pipe flow

Construction and performance analysis of variable-weight optical orthogonal codes for asynchronous OCDMA systems

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Chuan-qi; Yang, Meng-jie; Zhang, Xiu-rong; Chen, Mei-juan; He, Dong-dong; Fan, Qing-bin

2014-07-01

A construction scheme of variable-weight optical orthogonal codes (VW-OOCs) for asynchronous optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) system is proposed. According to the actual situation, the code family can be obtained by programming in Matlab with the given code weight and corresponding capacity. The formula of bit error rate (BER) is derived by taking account of the effects of shot noise, avalanche photodiode (APD) bulk, thermal noise and surface leakage currents. The OCDMA system with the VW-OOCs is designed and improved. The study shows that the VW-OOCs have excellent performance of BER. Despite of coming from the same code family or not, the codes with larger weight have lower BER compared with the other codes in the same conditions. By taking simulation, the conclusion is consistent with the analysis of BER in theory. And the ideal eye diagrams are obtained by the optical hard limiter.

Feasibility study on utilization of vitrified radioactive waste as radiation sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Makuuchi, Keizo; Yoshii, Fumio; Hyakutake, Kenichiro

1995-01-01

A feasibility study on utilization of vitrified high level radioactive waste (VW) as radiation source has been carried out. Natural rubber latex was radiation vulcanized with VW to demonstrate the feasibility. The dose rate was 0.1 kGy/hr. As a sensitizer, n-butyl acrylate was added. Negligible small activation of natural rubber (NR) latex by neutron from the VW was observed. The residual sensitizer in the irradiated latex and physical properties of film molded from the irradiated latex were the same level with the conventional radiation vulcanization of NR latex with γ-rays from Co-60. Surgical gloves and protective rubber gloves for radioactive contamination were produced from 20 litters of NR latex vulcanized with 2 VWs. The physical properties of both gloves were acceptable. These results suggested that vitrified high level waste can be used as an industrial radiation source. (author)

The water footprint of agricultural products in European river basins

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vanham, D; Bidoglio, G

2014-01-01

This work quantifies the agricultural water footprint (WF) of production (WF prod, agr ) and consumption (WF cons, agr ) and the resulting net virtual water import (netVW i, agr ) of 365 European river basins for a reference period (REF, 1996–2005) and two diet scenarios (a healthy diet based upon food-based dietary guidelines (HEALTHY) and a vegetarian (VEG) diet). In addition to total (tot) amounts, a differentiation is also made between the green (gn), blue (bl) and grey (gy) components. River basins where the REF WF cons, agr, tot exceeds the WF prod, agr, tot (resulting in positive netVW i, agr, tot values), are found along the London–Milan axis. These include the Thames, Scheldt, Meuse, Seine, Rhine and Po basins. River basins where the WF prod, agr, tot exceeds the WF cons, agr, tot are found in Western France, the Iberian Peninsula and the Baltic region. These include the Loire, Ebro and Nemunas basins. Under the HEALTHY diet scenario, the WF cons, agr, tot of most river basins decreases (max −32%), although it was found to increase in some basins in northern and eastern Europe. This results in 22 river basins, including the Danube, shifting from being net VW importers to being net VW exporters. A reduction (max −46%) in WF cons, agr, tot is observed for all but one river basin under the VEG diet scenario. In total, 50 river basins shift from being net VW importers to being net exporters, including the Danube, Seine, Rhone and Elbe basins. Similar observations are made when only the gn + bl and gn components are assessed. When analysing only the bl component, a different river basin pattern is observed. (letters)

Task-Driven Dictionary Learning Based on Mutual Information for Medical Image Classification.

Science.gov (United States)

Diamant, Idit; Klang, Eyal; Amitai, Michal; Konen, Eli; Goldberger, Jacob; Greenspan, Hayit

2017-06-01

We present a novel variant of the bag-of-visual-words (BoVW) method for automated medical image classification. Our approach improves the BoVW model by learning a task-driven dictionary of the most relevant visual words per task using a mutual information-based criterion. Additionally, we generate relevance maps to visualize and localize the decision of the automatic classification algorithm. These maps demonstrate how the algorithm works and show the spatial layout of the most relevant words. We applied our algorithm to three different tasks: chest x-ray pathology identification (of four pathologies: cardiomegaly, enlarged mediastinum, right consolidation, and left consolidation), liver lesion classification into four categories in computed tomography (CT) images and benign/malignant clusters of microcalcifications (MCs) classification in breast mammograms. Validation was conducted on three datasets: 443 chest x-rays, 118 portal phase CT images of liver lesions, and 260 mammography MCs. The proposed method improves the classical BoVW method for all tested applications. For chest x-ray, area under curve of 0.876 was obtained for enlarged mediastinum identification compared to 0.855 using classical BoVW (with p-value 0.01). For MC classification, a significant improvement of 4% was achieved using our new approach (with p-value = 0.03). For liver lesion classification, an improvement of 6% in sensitivity and 2% in specificity were obtained (with p-value 0.001). We demonstrated that classification based on informative selected set of words results in significant improvement. Our new BoVW approach shows promising results in clinically important domains. Additionally, it can discover relevant parts of images for the task at hand without explicit annotations for training data. This can provide computer-aided support for medical experts in challenging image analysis tasks.

[Stem and progenitor cells in biostructure of blood vessel walls].

Science.gov (United States)

Korta, Krzysztof; Kupczyk, Piotr; Skóra, Jan; Pupka, Artur; Zejler, Paweł; Hołysz, Marcin; Gajda, Mariusz; Nowakowska, Beata; Barć, Piotr; Dorobisz, Andrzej T; Dawiskiba, Tomasz; Szyber, Piotr; Bar, Julia

2013-09-18

Development of vascular and hematopoietic systems during organogenesis occurs at the same time. During vasculogenesis, a small part of cells does not undergo complete differentiation but stays on this level, "anchored" in tissue structures described as stem cell niches. The presence of blood vessels within tissue stem cell niches is typical and led to identification of niches and ensures that they are functioning. The three-layer biostructure of vessel walls for artery and vein, tunica: intima, media and adventitia, for a long time was defined as a mechanical barrier between vessel light and the local tissue environment. Recent findings from vascular biology studies indicate that vessel walls are dynamic biostructures, which are equipped with stem and progenitor cells, described as vascular wall-resident stem cells/progenitor cells (VW-SC/PC). Distinct zones for vessel wall harbor heterogeneous subpopulations of VW-SC/PC, which are described as "subendothelial or vasculogenic zones". Recent evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies show that prenatal activity of stem and progenitor cells is not only limited to organogenesis but also exists in postnatal life, where it is responsible for vessel wall homeostasis, remodeling and regeneration. It is believed that VW-SC/PC could be engaged in progression of vascular disorders and development of neointima. We would like to summarize current knowledge about mesenchymal and progenitor stem cell phenotype with special attention to distribution and biological properties of VW-SC/PC in biostructures of intima, media and adventitia niches. It is postulated that in the near future, niches for VW-SC/PC could be a good source of stem and progenitor cells, especially in the context of vessel tissue bioengineering as a new alternative to traditional revascularization therapies.

Stem and progenitor cells in biostructure of blood vessel walls

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Krzysztof Korta

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Development of vascular and hematopoietic systems during organogenesis occurs at the same time. During vasculogenesis, a small part of cells does not undergo complete differentiation but stays on this level, “anchored” in tissue structures described as stem cell niches. The presence of blood vessels within tissue stem cell niches is typical and led to identification of niches and ensures that they are functioning. The three-layer biostructure of vessel walls for artery and vein, tunica: intima, media and adventitia, for a long time was defined as a mechanical barrier between vessel light and the local tissue environment. Recent findings from vascular biology studies indicate that vessel walls are dynamic biostructures, which are equipped with stem and progenitor cells, described as vascular wall-resident stem cells/progenitor cells (VW-SC/PC. Distinct zones for vessel wall harbor heterogeneous subpopulations of VW-SC/PC, which are described as “subendothelial or vasculogenic zones”. Recent evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies show that prenatal activity of stem and progenitor cells is not only limited to organogenesis but also exists in postnatal life, where it is responsible for vessel wall homeostasis, remodeling and regeneration. It is believed that VW-SC/PC could be engaged in progression of vascular disorders and development of neointima. We would like to summarize current knowledge about mesenchymal and progenitor stem cell phenotype with special attention to distribution and biological properties of VW-SC/PC in biostructures of intima, media and adventitia niches. It is postulated that in the near future, niches for VW-SC/PC could be a good source of stem and progenitor cells, especially in the context of vessel tissue bioengineering as a new alternative to traditional revascularization therapies.

Eying the future: Eye movement in past and future thinking.

Science.gov (United States)

El Haj, Mohamad; Lenoble, Quentin

2017-06-07

We investigated eye movement during past and future thinking. Participants were invited to retrieve past events and to imagine future events while their scan path was recorded by an eye-tracker. Past thinking triggered more fixation (p thinking. Past and future thinking triggered a similar duration of fixations and saccades, as well as a similar amplitude of saccades. Interestingly, participants rated past thinking as more vivid than future thinking (p thinking seems to be accompanied by an increased number of fixations and saccades. Fixations and saccades in past thinking can be interpreted as an attempt by the visual system to find (through saccades) and activate (through fixations) stored memory representations. The same interpretation can be applied to future thinking as this ability requires activation of past experiences. However, future thinking triggers fewer fixations and saccades than past thinking: this may be due to its decreased demand on visual imagery, but could also be related to a potentially deleterious effect of eye movements on spatial imagery required for future thinking. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Nostalgia, the Future, and the Past as Pedagogical Technologies

Science.gov (United States)

Petersson, Kenneth; Olsson, Ulf; Popkewitz, Thomas S.

2007-01-01

This article provides a genealogical perspective on narratives about the past and the future as governmental discourses in teacher education, public health, and criminal justice in Sweden. Contemporary governmental strategies bring nostalgic memories of the past and visions and fears about the future back to life in the present. The past (history)…

Ebolavirus Evolution: Past and Present.

Science.gov (United States)

de La Vega, Marc-Antoine; Stein, Derek; Kobinger, Gary P

2015-01-01

The past year has marked the most devastating Ebola outbreak the world has ever witnessed, with over 28,000 cases and over 11,000 deaths. Ebola virus (EBOV) has now been around for almost 50 years. In this review, we discuss past and present outbreaks of EBOV and how those variants evolved over time. We explore and discuss selective pressures that drive the evolution of different Ebola variants, and how they may modify the efficacy of therapeutic treatments and vaccines currently being developed. Finally, given the unprecedented size and spread of the outbreak, as well as the extended period of replication in human hosts, specific attention is given to the 2014-2015 West African outbreak variant (Makona).

Pore structure in blended cement pastes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Canut, Mariana Moreira Cavalcanti

Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as slag and fly ash, are increasingly used as a substitute for Portland cement in the interests of improvement of engineering properties and sustainability of concrete. According to studies improvement of engineering properties can be explained by...... on assumptions of degree of reaction and product densities gave for plain cement pastes results comparable to MIP data.......Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), such as slag and fly ash, are increasingly used as a substitute for Portland cement in the interests of improvement of engineering properties and sustainability of concrete. According to studies improvement of engineering properties can be explained...... supplement each other. Cement pastes (w/b=0.4) with and without slag and fly ash cured at two moisture (sealed and saturated) and temperature (20 and 55ºC) conditions were used to investigate the combined impact of SCMs addition and curing on the pore structure of pastes cured up to two years. Also...

21 CFR 520.45b - Albendazole paste.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Albendazole paste. 520.45b Section 520.45b Food... DRUGS, FEEDS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS ORAL DOSAGE FORM NEW ANIMAL DRUGS § 520.45b Albendazole paste. (a) Specifications. The product contains 30 percent albendazole. (b) Sponsor. See No. 000069 in § 510.600(c) of this...

Reasoning about the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Mogens

1998-01-01

In this extended abstract, we briefly recall the abstract (categorical) notion of bisimulation from open morphisms, as introduced by Joyal, Nielsen and Winskel. The approach is applicable across a wide range of models of computation, and any such bisimulation comes automatically with characterist...... of reasoning about the past....

New Futures, New Pasts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Feldt, Jakob Egholm

2016-01-01

for all. Nevertheless, Kallen avoided the concept of cosmopolitanism because of the deep controversy over Jews and Jewishness entangled in the history of cosmopolitan thought since the Enlightenment. As an alternative, Kallen re-invented a new Jewish past to suit a future when Jewishness could be a model...

Remembrances of Empires Past

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert Aldrich

2010-03-01

Full Text Available This paper argues that the colonial legacy is ever present in contemporary Europe. For a generation, most Europeans largely tried, publicly, to forget the colonial past, or remembered it only through the rose-coloured lenses of nostalgia; now the pendulum has swung to memory of that past – even perhaps, in the views of some, to a surfeit of memory, where each group agitates for its own version of history, its own recognition in laws and ceremonies, its own commemoration in museums and monuments, the valorization or repatriation of its own art and artefacts. Word such as ‘invasion,’ ‘racism’ and ‘genocide’ are emotional terms that provoke emotional reactions. Whether leaders should apologize for wrongs of the past – and which wrongs – remains a highly sensitive issue. The ‘return of the colonial’ thus has to do with ethics and politics as well as with history, and can link to statements of apology or recognition, legislation about certain views of history, monetary compensation, repatriation of objects, and—perhaps most importantly—redefinition of national identity and policy. The colonial flags may have been lowered, but many barricades seem to have been raised. Private memories—of loss of land, of unacknowledged service, of political, economic, social and cultural disenfranchisement, but also on the other side of defeat, national castigation and self-flagellation—have been increasingly public. Monuments and museums act not only as sites of history but as venues for political agitation and forums for academic debate – differences of opinion that have spread to the streets. Empire has a long after-life.

Sorting on the Used-Car Market After the Volkswagen Emission Scandal

OpenAIRE

Strittmatter, Anthony; Lechner, Michael

2017-01-01

The disclosure of the VW emission manipulation scandal caused a quasi-experimental market shock in the observable quality of VW diesel vehicles. We consider a classical model for adverse selection and sorting to derive an empirically testable hypothesis about the impact of observable quality on the supply of used cars. We test the hypothesis with data collected from an online car selling platform which reflects about 50% of the German used-car market. The empirical approach is based on a cond...

Climatic Change--Past, Present & Future

Science.gov (United States)

Lindholm, Roy C.

1976-01-01

Presented is a review of studies investigating factors affecting climatic changes in the Earth's atmosphere--past, present, and future. Dating methods, particularly the Oxygen 18/16 method, are discussed. (SL)

Ebolavirus Evolution: Past and Present.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marc-Antoine de La Vega

Full Text Available The past year has marked the most devastating Ebola outbreak the world has ever witnessed, with over 28,000 cases and over 11,000 deaths. Ebola virus (EBOV has now been around for almost 50 years. In this review, we discuss past and present outbreaks of EBOV and how those variants evolved over time. We explore and discuss selective pressures that drive the evolution of different Ebola variants, and how they may modify the efficacy of therapeutic treatments and vaccines currently being developed. Finally, given the unprecedented size and spread of the outbreak, as well as the extended period of replication in human hosts, specific attention is given to the 2014-2015 West African outbreak variant (Makona.

Low porosity portland cement pastes based on furan polymers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darweesh, H.H.M.

2005-01-01

The effect of three different types of Furan polymers on the porosity, mechanical properties, mechanism of hydration and microstructure of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) pastes was investigated. The results showed that mixing the OPC with Furan polymers, the standard water of consistency of the different cement pastes decreases and therefore the setting times (initial and final) are shortened. The total porosity of the hardened cement pastes decreased, while the mechanical properties improved and enhanced at all curing ages of hydration compared with those of the pure OPC pastes. The hydration process with Furan polymers proceeded according to the following decreasing order: F.ac. > F.ph. > F.alc. > OPC

Estimating PM2.5-associated mortality increase in California due to the Volkswagen emission control defeat device

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tianyang; Jerrett, Michael; Sinsheimer, Peter; Zhu, Yifang

2016-11-01

The Volkswagen Group of America (VW) was found by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to have installed "defeat devices" and emit more oxides of nitrogen (NOx) than permitted under current EPA standards. In this paper, we quantify the hidden NOx emissions from this so-called VW scandal and the resulting public health impacts in California. The NOx emissions are calculated based on VW road test data and the CARB Emission Factors (EMFAC) model. Cumulative hidden NOx emissions from 2009 to 2015 were estimated to be over 3500 tons. Adult mortality changes were estimated based on ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) change due to secondary nitrate formation and the related concentration-response functions. We estimated that hidden NOx emissions from 2009 to 2015 have resulted in a total of 12 PM2.5-associated adult mortality increases in California. Most of the mortality increase happened in metropolitan areas, due to their high population and vehicle density.

Multiplex protein pattern unmixing using a non-linear variable-weighted support vector machine as optimized by a particle swarm optimization algorithm.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Qin; Zou, Hong-Yan; Zhang, Yan; Tang, Li-Juan; Shen, Guo-Li; Jiang, Jian-Hui; Yu, Ru-Qin

2016-01-15

Most of the proteins locate more than one organelle in a cell. Unmixing the localization patterns of proteins is critical for understanding the protein functions and other vital cellular processes. Herein, non-linear machine learning technique is proposed for the first time upon protein pattern unmixing. Variable-weighted support vector machine (VW-SVM) is a demonstrated robust modeling technique with flexible and rational variable selection. As optimized by a global stochastic optimization technique, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, it makes VW-SVM to be an adaptive parameter-free method for automated unmixing of protein subcellular patterns. Results obtained by pattern unmixing of a set of fluorescence microscope images of cells indicate VW-SVM as optimized by PSO is able to extract useful pattern features by optimally rescaling each variable for non-linear SVM modeling, consequently leading to improved performances in multiplex protein pattern unmixing compared with conventional SVM and other exiting pattern unmixing methods. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Comparison of creep of the cement pastes included fly ash

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Padevět Pavel

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The paper is devoted to comparison of creep of cement pastes containing fly ash admixture. The size of creep in time depends on the amount of components of the cement paste. Attention is paid to the content of classical fly ash in cement paste and its impact on the size of creep. The moisture of cement pastes is distinguished because it significantly affects the rheological properties of the material.

Culture, temporal focus, and values of the past and the future.

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, Tieyuan; Ji, Li-Jun; Spina, Roy; Zhang, Zhiyong

2012-08-01

This article examines cultural differences in how people value future and past events. Throughout four studies, the authors found that European Canadians attached more monetary value to an event in the future than to an identical event in the past, whereas Chinese and Chinese Canadians placed more monetary value to a past event than to an identical future event. The authors also showed that temporal focus-thinking about the past or future-explained cultural influences on the temporal value asymmetry effect. Specifically, when induced to think about and focus on the future, Chinese valued the future more than the past, just like Euro-Canadians; when induced to think about and focus on the past, Euro-Canadians valued the past more than the future, just like Chinese.

Fragments of the Past

OpenAIRE

Peter Szende; Annie Holcombe

2016-01-01

With travel being made more accessible throughout the decades, the hospitality industry constantly evolved their practices as society and technology progressed. Hotels looked for news ways up service their customers, which led to the invention of the Servidor in 1918. Once revolutionary innovations have gone extinct, merely becoming fragments of the past.

THE TECHNOLOGY OF PASTE FROM SUGAR BEET OBTAINING

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. G. Magomedov

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We considered a new technology for processing sugar beet into intermediate product for the food industry. Nowadays sugar beet is mainly used for processing into granulated sugar. In the granulated sugar obtaining sugar beet undergoes deep extraction of all nutrients: proteins, minerals, pectin, organic acids, preventing the crystallization process, and then the refined product (granulated sugar with a mass fraction of sucrose not less than 99.75% is obtained. We developed a technology for producing a sugar beet paste, which allows to preserve both sucrose, and almost all useful for human food substances containing in beet. A sugar beet paste is a valuable food product. Carbohydrates, organic acids, minerals, proteins, dietary fibers and vitamins are found in it. The block diagram of a sugar beet paste is given in the article. Technology of obtaining a sugar beet paste was tested under production conditions at the cannery (Joint Stock Company "Sadovoye" Liskinsky district,. Storozhevoe village, Voronezh region. The chemical composition of the paste (Dry Substances = 40% was determined, the degree of meeting of daily requirement for nutrients was calculated. 100 g of the product satisfy the daily requirement for dietary fiber by 42.5%, organic acids by 27.5% potassium by 24.0%, magnesium by 40.0%, iron by 26.7%. The sugar beet paste can be used as a semi-finished product in the confectionery, bakery, food concentrates industry, for products with increased nutritional value, as well as the finished product instead of marmalade and jam.

On the BRST charge over infinite-dimensional algebras

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hlousek, Zvonimir.

1988-01-01

The author studies the BRST charge defined over an infinite algebra of gauged local symmetries. This is of great importance to string theories. The BRST charge of the gauge symmetry must be nilpotent. In string theories this implies the cancellation of conformal anomalies in critical dimension; 26 for bosonic string, 10 for superstring, and 2 for O(2) string. Furthermore, the O(2) symmetry of the O(2) string (a string theory with two, two-dimensional supersymmetries) is realized as a Kac-Moody symmetry. In general, the BRST quantization of the local, gauged KAC-Moody symmetry requires special care due to chiral anomaly. The chiral anomaly breaks the chiral gauge invariance, and the corresponding BRST charge is not nilpotent. To arrive at the nilpotent BRST charge for the gauged Kac-Moody symmetry, one has to modify the theory by adding a one-cocycle over the gauge group. A similar problem and its solution exist in the case of supersymmetric Kac-Moody algebras. The BRST charge of the first quantized string theory is a building block of the covariant string field theory. The BRST invariance of the first quantized theory generalizes to gauge invariance of string field theory. In Witten's open string field theory the BRST charge plays a role of exterior derivation on the space of string field functionals. The Fock space realization of the theory was given by Gross and Jevicki. For the consistency of the theory it is crucial that all the vertex operators are BRST invariant. The ghost part of the vertex comes in few varieties. The author has shown that all the versions of the ghost vertex are equivalent, as long as the total vertex is BRST invariant

Original Paper Physicochemical and pasting properties of some ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Physicochemical and pasting properties of eighteen varieties of maize cultivated in ... Among cereals, maize, rice and wheat ... climate variability. ... varieties are grown by farmers. ... Normal starch consists of about 75% branched ... which have significant impacts on the pasting ..... behaviour of the starches during the heat.

Fragments of the Past

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peter Szende

2016-10-01

Full Text Available With travel being made more accessible throughout the decades, the hospitality industry constantly evolved their practices as society and technology progressed. Hotels looked for news ways up service their customers, which led to the invention of the Servidor in 1918. Once revolutionary innovations have gone extinct, merely becoming fragments of the past.

Topical application of hemostatic paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Mizanur Rahman

2017-02-01

Full Text Available As a measure to control minor surgical bleeding, surgeons usually depend on a number of hemostatic aids. Topical use of bovine thrombin is a widely used procedure to arrest such minor bleeding. A 35 year old male sergeant of Bangladesh Air Force presented with repeated development of hematoma in his left thigh without any history of trauma or previous history of bleeding. Critical analysis of the patient’s history, routine and sophisticated hematological investigations revealed that the patient developed anti-thrombin antibody following the application of hemostatic paste in the tooth socket five years back during minor dental procedure to stop ignorable bleeding episodes. Therefore, topical use of hemostatic glue/paste or bovine thrombin should be avoided to desist minor bleeding as recombinant human thrombin is now available for topical use.

48 CFR 1552.215-75 - Past performance information.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... offeror's reference, the Government will compare the negative response to the responses from the offeror's... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Past performance... 1552.215-75 Past performance information. As prescribed in 1515.209(c), insert the following clause...

Durability of Gamma Irradiated Polymer Impregnated Blended Cement Pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khattab, M.M.; Abdel-Rahman, H.A.; Younes, M.M.

2010-01-01

This study is focusing on durability and performance of the neat blended cement paste as well as those of the polymer-impregnated paste towards seawater and various concentrations of magnesium sulfate solutions up to 6 months of curing. The neat blended cement paste is prepared by a partial substitution of ordinary Portland cement with 5% of active rice husk ash (RHA). These samples were cured under tap water for 7 days. Similar samples were impregnated with unsaturated polyester resin (UPE) and subjected to various doses of gamma rays ranging from 10 to 50 kGy. The results showed that the irradiated impregnated specimens gave higher values of compressive strength than the neat blended cement paste specimens. On immersing the neat blended cement specimens and polymer impregnated specimens especially that irradiated at 30 kGy in seawater and different concentrations of magnesium sulfate solutions up to 6 months of curing, the results showed that the polymer impregnated blended cement (OPC-RHA-UPE) paste have a good resistance towards aggressive media as compared to the neat blended cement (OPC-RHA) paste. The results also indicated that the sea water has a greater corrosive effect than the magnesium sulfate solutions. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP)

Hypersensitisation using 266nm Laser Light

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Henrik Rokkjær; Canning, John; Kristensen, Martin

UV-hypersensitisation using 266nm VW-light on hydrogenated Ge-doped fibre is reported. The optimum fluence to be between 5 to 10 kJ/cm2, coinciding with results obtained using 355nm light, indicating same end-process in both reactions.......UV-hypersensitisation using 266nm VW-light on hydrogenated Ge-doped fibre is reported. The optimum fluence to be between 5 to 10 kJ/cm2, coinciding with results obtained using 355nm light, indicating same end-process in both reactions....

No rate, no date / Oleg Bozhko

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bozhko, Oleg

2001-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Baltiiskii Kurss, nr. 18, 2001, lk. 10-11. Välisinvesteeringud Baltimaadesse. Riigireitingud reitinguagentuuridelt Standard & Poor's, Moody's Investor Service ja Fitch IBCA välisinvesteeringute stimuleerijatena

Always in the Mood for Moody: Teaching History through Anne Moody's "Coming of Age in Mississippi"

Science.gov (United States)

Boisseau, T. J.

2014-01-01

In searching for a way of teaching American history as something that truly belongs to women, and men, to the powerful as well as to those who lack power in a formal sense, as something that is not the story of white people with an interesting person of color charitably thrown in for good measure, Boisseau writes that while many influential…

The electron beam cure of epoxy paste adhesives

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Farmer, J.D.; Janke, C.J.; Lopata, V.J.

1998-01-01

Recently developed epoxy paste adhesives were electron beam cured and experimentally explored to determine their suitability for use in an aerospace-quality aircraft component. There were two major goals for this program. The first was to determine whether the electron beam-curable past adhesives were capable of meeting the requirements of the US Air Force T-38 supersonic jet trainer composite windshield frame. The T-38 windshield frame's arch is currently manufactured by bonding thin stainless steel plies using an aerospace-grade thermally-cured epoxy film adhesive. The second goal was to develop the lowest cost hand layup and debulk process that could be used to produce laminated steel plies with acceptable properties. The laminate properties examined to determine adhesive suitability include laminate mechanical and physical properties at room, adhesive tack, out-time capability, and the debulk requirements needed to achieve these properties. Eighteen past adhesives and four scrim cloths were experimentally examined using this criteria. One paste adhesive was found to have suitable characteristics in each of these categories and was later chosen for the manufacture of the T-38 windshield frame. This experimental study shows that by using low-cost debulk and layup processes, the electron beam-cured past adhesive mechanical and physical properties meet the specifications of the T-38 composite windshield frame

PEMANFAATAN DAUN TANAMAN BERKAYU SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK TANAMAN SAYURAN DAN JAGUNG - (UTILIZATION OF WOODY PLANT LEAVES AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER FOR VEGETABLES AND CORN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dody Priadi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to use woody plant leaves as organic fertilizer (compost and their effects on vegetables and corn. The compost was made from leaves of Samanea saman, Swietenia macrophylla, Nephelium lappaceum and cow dung (1:3, 2:2 and 3:1 using OrgaDec (0.5% w/w, Decomic (0.1% v/w and Dectro (0.1 v/w as bioactivator. The result showed that compost from Samanea saman leaves and cow dung (1:3 using Decomic (0.1% v/w met the organic fertilizer standard. The compost was applied to Ipomoea reptans, Capsicum annuum and Zea mays on a media from compost and latosol soil (1:3, 2:2 and 3:1 using Completely Randomized Design (CRD with 3 replications. The analyzed data using ANOVA showed no significant difference in the growth parameter of tested plants. The best media for Ipomoea reptans was the mixture of compost and latosol soil (3:1 meanwhile for Zea mays and Capsicum annuum were 1:3 and 2:2, respectively.Keywords: compost, compost application, organic fertilizer, woody plant leavesABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan daun tumbuhan berkayu menjadi pupuk organik (kompos serta pengaruhnya terhadap tanaman sayuran dan jagung. Kompos dibuat dari daun kihujan (Samanea saman, daun mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla daun rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum dan kotoran sapi (1:3, 2:2 dan 3:1 dengan penambahan bioaktivator OrgaDec (0,5% w/w, Decomic (0,1% v/w dan Dectro (0,1 v/w. Hasil analisis kimia menunjukkan bahwa kompos yang dibuat dari daun kihujan dan kotoran sapi (1:3 yang menggunakan bioaktivator Decomic (0,1% v/w adalah perlakuan yang paling sesuai dengan baku mutu pupuk organik berdasarkan Permentan No.70/Permentan/SR.140/10/2011. Kompos hasil penelitian diujicobakan kepada tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans, cabe keriting (Capsicum annuum dan jagung manis (Zea mays pada media campuran kompos dan tanah latosol (1:3, 2:2 dan 3:1 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL dengan 3 ulangan sedangkan data yang diperoleh diolah dengan ANOVA

Uma Análise da Aplicação de Três Métodos Estatísticos para o Cálculo do Desvio Padrão da Direção do Vento na Região Tropical

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adaiana Francisca Gomes da Silva

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo Neste trabalho é apresentada uma revisão sobre métodos para cálculo do desvio padrão da direção do vento horizontal (σθ. Três diferentes métodos clássicos encontrados na literatura [Verral e Williams, 1982 (VW, Ackermann, 1983 (ACK, e Yamartino, 1984 (YM] são avaliados a partir de intercomparação entre eles utilizando-se dados de vento obtidos por radiossondagens. Estas medidas foram realizadas a cada seis horas durante um período de 11 dias do mês de setembro de 2008 (estação seca da região Norte do NE do Brasil, com ventos alísios intensos. Os cálculos mostraram que o método de YM apresentou-se o mais confiável, sendo que os resultados de VW foram muito próximos de YM. Comparando os métodos dois a dois, as máximas diferenças foram de 29 graus entre ACK e YM e 26,3 graus entre ACK e VW, enquanto que entre YM e VW a máxima diferença foi de apenas 2,6 graus. Segundo a literatura revisada, YM é o método mais estável ao longo da variação de σθ, com erro de, no máximo, 2%.

Abiks algajale ärimehele : Kuidas lüpsta riiki? / Tarmo Vahter

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vahter, Tarmo, 1970-

2004-01-01

Soomes paljastatud asfaldikartell pakub Eesti ettevõtjatele õppetundi, arvab autor. Vaata samas intervjuu Soome konkurentsiameti uurija Kirsi Olaga. Lisa: Konkurents Eesti moodi: vähesed tahtsid Tallinnas ehitada

Automotive sensors: past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prosser, S J

2007-01-01

This paper will provide a review of past, present and future automotive sensors. Today's vehicles have become highly complex sophisticated electronic control systems and the majority of innovations have been solely achieved through electronics and the use of advanced sensors. A range of technologies have been used over the past twenty years including silicon microengineering, thick film, capacitive, variable reluctance, optical and radar. The automotive sensor market continues to grow with respect to vehicle production level in recognition of the transition to electronically controlled electrically actuated systems. The environment for these sensors continues to be increasingly challenging with respect to robustness, reliability, quality and cost

Automotive sensors: past, present and future

Science.gov (United States)

Prosser, S. J.

2007-07-01

This paper will provide a review of past, present and future automotive sensors. Today's vehicles have become highly complex sophisticated electronic control systems and the majority of innovations have been solely achieved through electronics and the use of advanced sensors. A range of technologies have been used over the past twenty years including silicon microengineering, thick film, capacitive, variable reluctance, optical and radar. The automotive sensor market continues to grow with respect to vehicle production level in recognition of the transition to electronically controlled electrically actuated systems. The environment for these sensors continues to be increasingly challenging with respect to robustness, reliability, quality and cost.

Hydration characteristics and structure formation of cement pastes containing metakaolin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dvorkin Leonid

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Metakaolin (MK is one of the most effective mineral admixtures for cement-based composites. The deposits of kaolin clays are wide-spread in the world. Metakaolin is comparable to silica fume as an active mineral admixture for cement-based composites. In this paper, the rheological and mechanical properties of cement paste containing metakaolin are investigated. The effect of MK is more evident at “tight” hydration conditions within mixtures with low water-cement ratio, provided by application of superplasticizers. The cement is replaced with 0 to 15% metakaolin, and superplasticizer content ranged from 0 to 1.5% by weight of cementitious materials (i.e. cement and metakaolin. An equation is derived to describe the relationship between the metakaolin and superplasticizer content and consistency of pastes. There is a linear dependence between metakalolin content and water demand. Second-degree polynomial describe the influence of superplasticizer content. The application of SP and MK may produce cement-water suspensions with water-retaining capacity at 50-70% higher than control suspensions. The investigation of initial structure forming of cement pastes with SP-MK composite admixture indicates the extension of coagulation structure forming phase comparing to the pastes without additives. Crystallization stage was characterized by more intensive strengthening of the paste with SP-MK admixture comparing to the paste without admixtures and paste with SP. Results on the porosity parameters for hardened cement paste indicate a decrease in the average diameter of pores and refinement of pore structure in the presence of metakaolin. A finer pore structure associated with an increase in strength. X-ray analysis data reveal a growing number of small-crystalline low-alkaline calcium hydrosilicates and reducing portlandite content, when MK dosage increases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM data confirm, that hardened cement paste containing MK has

The bioanthropology of the past

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cardenas Arroyo, Felipe

1993-01-01

Several mummies were studied, found in Colombia; not using invasive methods as the computerized scannography and the radiology, in concordance with these studies has been possible to know their diet and the demographic dynamics in the past among other parameters

Working electrodes from amalgam paste for electrochemical measurements

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Josypčuk, Bohdan; Šestáková, Ivana

2008-01-01

Roč. 20, č. 4 (2008), s. 426-433 ISSN 1040-0397 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA203/07/1195; GA ČR GA521/06/0496 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : voltammetry * paste amalgam * silver amalgam * paste electrode Subject RIV: CG - Electrochemistry Impact factor: 2.901, year: 2008

Natural Food Additives and Preservatives for Fish-Paste Products: A Review of the Past, Present, and Future States of Research

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khawaja Muhammad Imran Bashir

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Fish-paste products, also known as fish cakes or surimi-based products, are worldwide favorites. Surimi, a wet protein concentrate of fish muscle, is used as an intermediate raw material to produce surimi seafood. The flavor, texture, taste, shelf-life, and market value of surimi-based products depend on the source of the fish meat, type of applied heat treatment, and additives used to prepare the surimi. While preparing surimi with chemical additives, several problems have been observed, such as a lack of unique characteristics, inferior acceptability, and poor functionality. Various types of fish-paste products have been developed by using different ingredients (e.g., vegetables, seafood, herbs and oriental medicines, grains and roots including carrots, and functional food materials. However, a systematic review of fish-paste products prepared using natural food additives has not yet been performed. Therefore, the quality characteristics of fish-paste products and their functionalities were elucidated in this study. With the increasing demand for surimi seafood products, the functional properties, physiochemical properties, and shelf-life of surimi-based products need to be improved. This review will aid the preparation of new value-added products in the surimi industry.

Diffusion of He in OPC paste and low-heat Portland cement paste containing fly-ash in contact with aqueous phase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sato, Fuminori; Miwata, Chikanori; Noda, Natsuko; Sato, Seichi; Kozaki, Tamotsu; Higashihara, Tomohiro; Hironaga, Michihiko; Kawanishi, Motoi

2008-01-01

As a part of gas migration studies in concrete package for nuclear waste surrounded by water-saturated rock, the helium diffusion in ordinary Portland cement paste (OPC) was studied using disk form specimen at various water-to-cement (w/c) ratios. The helium diffusion in low-heat Portland cement paste containing fly-ash (LPF) was also studied. Apparent diffusion coefficients of helium in OPC paste were ∼1 x 10 -10 m 2 s -1 at 0.4 w/c ratio, independent of increase of w/c ratio. It is likely that the materials formation such as C-S-H and CH in capillary pores in OPC plays an important role on the helium diffusion rather than porosity increase. Apparent diffusion coefficient of helium in LPF was two orders of magnitude smaller than that in OPC. It is quite possible that the addition of fly-ash contributes to the formation of hydration products which markedly enhance discontinuity of capillary pore. The results of the present study on the two kinds of cement pastes give us valuable information about alternatives to release gas from cement package. (author)

Past Their Prime

OpenAIRE

Friedman, Rebecca E

2012-01-01

Past Their Prime is a half-hour documentary about Colo— the oldest living gorilla in captivity — on her 55th birthday, and her place in the world of geriatric zoo animal care.                It’s winter at the Columbus Zoo in Columbus, Ohio. In the ape house elderly visitors browse slowly, wrapped in down jackets. Children run from exhibit to exhibit, pointing at the animals they see and announcing each one to their grandparents. Behind the glass, Colo, the...

On the effect of mixing on property development of cement pastes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Geiker, Mette Rica; Bøhm, Anja; Kjeldsen, Ane Mette

2006-01-01

by hand and in a high-speed mixer. Chemical shrinkage was measured to illustrate the effect of mixing on development of hydration. Chloride migration was measured on 28 days old pastes to illustrate the effect of mixing on the hydrated pastes. The present investigation of pastes of white Portland cement...... showed an effect of mixing on the development of chemical shrinkage, i.e. hydration, of pastes with superplasticizer, but without silica fume. Silica fume agglomerates were observed in thin sections of pastes with silica fume and mixed by hand; however no effect on the development of hydration...

Remembering the past and imagining the future in the elderly

Science.gov (United States)

Schacter, Daniel L.; Gaesser, Brendan; Addis, Donna Rose

2013-01-01

Recent research has demonstrated commonalities between remembering past events and imagining future events. Behavioral studies have revealed that remembering the past and imagining the future depend on shared cognitive processes, whereas neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have shown that many of the same brain regions are involved in both remembering the past and imagining the future. Here, we review recent cognitive and neuroimaging studies that examine remembering the past and imagining the future in elderly adults. These studies document significant changes in elderly adults’ capacities to imagine future events that are correlated with their memory deficits; most strikingly, older adults tend to remember the past and imagine the future with less episodic detail than younger adults. These findings are in line with the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis, which holds that that past and future events draw on similar information and rely on similar underlying processes, and that episodic memory supports the construction of future events by extracting and recombining stored information into a simulation of a novel event. At the same time, however, recent data indicate that non-episodic factors also contribute to age-related changes in remembering the past and imagining the future. We conclude by considering a number questions and challenges concerning the interpretation of age-related changes in remembering and imagining, as well as functional implications of this research for everyday concerns of older adults. PMID:22987157

Rheology of Sesame Pastes with Different Amounts of Water Added

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Li-Xia Hou

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Sesame paste, usually served as a dressing in some local dishes and the desserts in Southeast Asia and the Middle East, requires mixing with water before consumption to form a thin emulsion of the oil-in-water type. Usually water addition is performed empirically and it is difficult to keep the quality of water-mixed sesame paste consistent. In this study, the rheological behavior of sesame paste with different ratios of sesame paste to added water was investigated. The sesame paste tested contains 59.71% of crude fat and 17% of protein. The ratios of sesame paste to added water (w/v were 1 : 0.75 (T1, 1 : 1 (T2, 1 : 1.25 (T3, and 1 : 1.5 (T4, respectively. All the samples showed the properties of the viscoelastic solids. The samples T1 and T2 behaved as a pseudoplastic material, whereas the apparent viscosity of T3 and T4 remained almost unchanged with the shear rate increasing. T2 had the moderate area of thixotropy loop (57.32 Pa/s among the tested samples and scored the highest in the sensory evaluation. Therefore, our study suggested that ratio of sesame paste to added water of 1 : 1 (w/v is suitable for preparing dressings for different dishes.

Computer simulation of monolayer growth kinetics of Fe2B phase during the paste-boriding process: Influence of the paste thickness

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Keddam, M.

2006-01-01

This paper deals with the effect of boron paste thickness on the study of the monolayer growth kinetics of Fe 2 B phase forming on AISI 1045 steel by the paste-boriding process. A mathematical diffusion model based on the Fick's phenomenological equations was applied in order to estimate the growth rate constant at (Fe 2 B/γ-Fe) interface, the layer thickness of iron boride as well as the associated mass gain depending on the boriding parameters such as time, temperature and surface boron concentration related to the boron paste thickness. The simulation results are found to be in a fairly good agreement with the experimental data derived from the literature

Evaluation of high-frequency mean streamwater transit-time estimates using groundwater age and dissolved silica concentrations in a small forested watershed

Science.gov (United States)

Peters, Norman E.; Burns, Douglas A.; Aulenbach, Brent T.

2014-01-01

Many previous investigations of mean streamwater transit times (MTT) have been limited by an inability to quantify the MTT dynamics. Here, we draw on (1) a linear relation (r 2 = 0.97) between groundwater 3H/3He ages and dissolved silica (Si) concentrations, combined with (2) predicted streamwater Si concentrations from a multiple-regression relation (R 2 = 0.87) to estimate MTT at 5-min intervals for a 23-year time series of streamflow [water year (WY) 1986 through 2008] at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia. The time-based average MTT derived from the 5-min data was ~8.4 ± 2.9 years and the volume-weighted (VW) MTT was ~4.7 years for the study period, reflecting the importance of younger runoff water during high flow. The 5-min MTTs are normally distributed and ranged from 0 to 15 years. Monthly VW MTTs averaged 7.0 ± 3.3 years and ranged from 4 to 6 years during winter and 8–10 years during summer. The annual VW MTTs averaged 5.6 ± 2.0 years and ranged from ~5 years during wet years (2003 and 2005) to >10 years during dry years (2002 and 2008). Stormflows are composed of much younger water than baseflows, and although stormflow only occurs ~17 % of the time, this runoff fraction contributed 39 % of the runoff during the 23-year study period. Combining the 23-year VW MTT (including stormflow) with the annual average baseflow for the period (~212 mm) indicates that active groundwater storage is ~1,000 mm. However, the groundwater storage ranged from 1,040 to 1,950 mm using WY baseflow and WY VW MTT. The approach described herein may be applicable to other watersheds underlain by granitoid bedrock, where weathering is the dominant control on Si concentrations in soils, groundwater, and streamwater.

Remembering and imagining alternative versions of the personal past.

Science.gov (United States)

St Jacques, Peggy L; Carpenter, Alexis C; Szpunar, Karl K; Schacter, Daniel L

2018-02-01

Although autobiographical memory and episodic simulations recruit similar core brain regions, episodic simulations engage additional neural recruitment in the frontoparietal control network due to greater demands on constructive processes. However, previous functional neuroimaging studies showing differences in remembering and episodic simulation have focused on veridical retrieval of past experiences, and thus have not fully considered how retrieving the past in different ways from how it was originally experienced may also place similar demands on constructive processes. Here we examined how alternative versions of the past are constructed when adopting different egocentric perspectives during autobiographical memory retrieval compared to simulating hypothetical events from the personal past that could have occurred, or episodic counterfactual thinking. Participants were asked to generate titles for specific autobiographical memories from the last five years, and then, during functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) scanning, were asked to repeatedly retrieve autobiographical memories or imagine counterfactual events cued by the titles. We used an fMRI adaptation paradigm in order to isolate neural regions that were sensitive to adopting alternative egocentric perspectives and counterfactual simulations of the personal past. The fMRI results revealed that voxels within left posterior inferior parietal and ventrolateral frontal cortices were sensitive to novel visual perspectives and counterfactual simulations. Our findings suggest that the neural regions supporting remembering become more similar to those underlying episodic simulation when we adopt alternative egocentric perspectives of the veridical past. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Times Past, Times to Come: The Influence of the Past on Visions of the Future.

Science.gov (United States)

Masson, Sophie

1997-01-01

Discussion of visions of the future that are based on past history highlights imaginative literature that deals with the human spirit rather than strictly technological innovations. Medieval society, the Roman Empire, mythological atmospheres, and the role of writers are also discussed. (LRW)

Kui neid kapitulatsioone ees ei oleks...? : ehk õiguse moderniseerimise takistused Vene impeeriumi Läänemere-provintsides 19. sajandil / Marju Luts

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Luts, Marju, 1966-

2006-01-01

Tartu Keiserliku Ülikooli õigusteaduse õppejõudude iseloomustusi 19. sajandi esimesel poolel kehtinud kohaliku õiguse kohta, kodifikatsioonitülist Balti moodi. Õigusteaduse ärkamisajast 1838-1851, kodifikatsioonidest 1854-1864

Viljandimaal läheb kaitse alla viis kanakulli pesa / Renno Nellis ; interv. Liisi Seil

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Nellis, Renno, 1982-

2005-01-01

Vestlus Kotkaklubi eksperdi Renno Nellisega, kes aitab organiseerida kanakulli püsielupaikade kaitse alla võtmist. Vt. samas ka artiklit: Seil, Liisi "Metsaülemad suhtuvad pesade kaitsmisse mitut moodi"

30 CFR 256.57 - Using a third-party guarantee instead of a bond.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... are beyond your guarantor's control and that do not affect your guarantor's likelihood of remaining in... either Moody's Investor Service or Standard and Poor's Corporation; (ii) Your guarantor's net worth...

Comparing Tense Systems: the Primacy of the Pres/Past Opposition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olga Borik

2004-01-01

Full Text Available A way of improving on the description of the English tense system in Reichenbach [1947] is achieved by changing its matrix 3x3 design into a 2x2x2 set up, formed by 3 basic oppositions: • present vs. past • synchronous vs. posterior • incompleted vs. completed action The advantages of the binary system over the Reichenbachian ternary system are the following: • the binary system is completely compositional; • there is no tripartition between Past, Present and Future, but only the basic opposition between Past and Present remains. As we intend to show later, this is empirically supported by the Russian and Polish data; • some concrete problems, for instance, the ambiguity of past perfect with temporal adverbials or more then one configuration for the same tense form [Future Perfect [will have written] or Past Future tense [would write

Retrieval of past and future positive and negative autobiographical experiences.

Science.gov (United States)

García-Bajos, Elvira; Migueles, Malen

2017-09-01

We studied retrieval-induced forgetting for past or future autobiographical experiences. In the study phase, participants were given cues to remember past autobiographical experiences or to think about experiences that may occur in the future. In both conditions, half of the experiences were positive and half negative. In the retrieval-practice phase, for past and future experiences, participants retrieved either half of the positive or negative experiences using cued recall, or capitals of the world (control groups). Retrieval practice produced recall facilitation and enhanced memory for the practised positive and negative past and future experiences. While retrieval practice on positive experiences did not impair the recall of other positive experiences, we found inhibition for negative past and future experiences when participants practised negative experiences. Furthermore, retrieval practice on positive future experiences inhibited negative future experiences. These positivity biases for autobiographical memory may have practical implications for treatment of emotional disorders.

Occurrence of amylose-lipid complexes in teff and maize starch biphasic pastes

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Wokadala, OC

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The occurrence of amylose–lipid complexes was determined in maize and teff starch biphasic pastes i.e. peak viscosity pastes at short and prolonged pasting times. Maize and teff starches were pasted for 11.5 and 130 min with or without added stearic...

The Past has No Future

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schmidt, Johannes Dragsbæk; Hersh, Jacques

2016-01-01

The paper explores how the protracted multi-layered crisis has affected the Danish model in the past decades and focuses on the policy options and institutional responses in the attempt of adjusting the economy to the demands of neoliberalism and globalization while moderating and/or managing...

Rose breeding: past, present, prospects

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vries, de D.P.; Dubois, L.A.M.

1996-01-01

In this review the PAST, PRESENT and PROSPECT will be considered as three separate periods in the history of the breeding and development of rose cultivars. The recurring theme is the genetic variation. This theme was chosen because there is justified doubt as to sufficient genetic variation

Maize starch biphasic pasting curves

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Nelles, EM

2000-05-01

Full Text Available (150–500 rev/min). The second pasting peak is attributed to the formation of complexes between amylose and low levels of lipid present in maize starch. When lipid was partially removed by extraction with methanol-chloroform (1: 3 v/v), the second...

Fracture surfaces of granular pastes.

Science.gov (United States)

Mohamed Abdelhaye, Y O; Chaouche, M; Van Damme, H

2013-11-01

Granular pastes are dense dispersions of non-colloidal grains in a simple or a complex fluid. Typical examples are the coating, gluing or sealing mortars used in building applications. We study the cohesive rupture of thick mortar layers in a simple pulling test where the paste is initially confined between two flat surfaces. After hardening, the morphology of the fracture surfaces was investigated, using either the box counting method to analyze fracture profiles perpendicular to the mean fracture plane, or the slit-island method to analyze the islands obtained by cutting the fracture surfaces at different heights, parallel to the mean fracture plane. The fracture surfaces were shown to exhibit scaling properties over several decades. However, contrary to what has been observed in the brittle or ductile fracture of solid materials, the islands were shown to be mass fractals. This was related to the extensive plastic flow involved in the fracture process.

Past, present, and future of statistical science

CERN Document Server

Lin, Xihong; Banks, David L; Molenberghs, Geert; Scott, David W; Wang, Jane-Ling

2014-01-01

Past, Present, and Future of Statistical Science was commissioned in 2013 by the Committee of Presidents of Statistical Societies (COPSS) to celebrate its 50th anniversary and the International Year of Statistics. COPSS consists of five charter member statistical societies in North America and is best known for sponsoring prestigious awards in statistics, such as the COPSS Presidents' award. Through the contributions of a distinguished group of 50 statisticians who are past winners of at least one of the five awards sponsored by COPSS, this volume showcases the breadth and vibrancy of statisti

Durability of Bricks Coated with Red mud Based Geopolymer Paste

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Smita; Basavanagowda, S. N.; Aswath, M. U.; Ranganath, R. V.

2016-09-01

The present study is undertaken to assess the durability of concrete blocks coated with red mud - fly ash based geopolymer paste. Concrete blocks of size 200 x 200 x 100mm were coated with geopolymer paste synthesized by varying the percentages of red mud and fly ash. Uncoated concrete blocks were also tested for the durability for comparison. In thermal resistance test, the blocks were subjected to 600°C for an hour whereas in acid resistance test, they were kept in 5% sulphuric acid solution for 4 weeks. The specimens were thereafter studied for surface degradation, strength loss and weight loss. Pastes with red mud percentage greater than 50% developed lot of shrinkage cracks. The blocks coated with 30% and 50% red mud paste showed better durability than the other blocks. The use of blocks coated with red mud - fly ash geopolymer paste improves the aesthetics, eliminates the use of plaster and improves the durability of the structure.

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of bioactive saponin from mahogany seed (Swietenia mahogany Jacq)

Science.gov (United States)

Waziiroh, E.; Harijono; Kamilia, K.

2018-03-01

Mahogany is frequently used for medicines for cancer, tumor, and diabetes, as it contains saponin and flavonoid. Saponin is a complex glycosydic compound consisted of triterpenoids or steroids. Saponin can be extracted from a plant by using a solvent extraction. Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) is a non-conventional extraction method that use micro waves in the process. This research was conducted by a Complete Random Design with two factors which were extraction time (120, 150, and 180 seconds) and solvent ratio (10:1, 15:1, and 20:1 v/w). The best treatment of MAE were the solvent ratio 15:1 (v/w) for 180 seconds. The best treatment resulting crude saponin extract yield of 41.46%, containing 11.53% total saponins, and 49.17% of antioxidant activity. Meanwhile, the treatment of maceration method were the solvent ratio 20:1 (v/w) for 48 hours resulting 39.86% yield of saponin crude extract, 9.26% total saponins and 56.23% of antioxidant activity. The results showed MAE was more efficient (less time of extraction and solvent amount) than maceration method.

30 CFR 285.528 - May I use a third-party guaranty to meet the financial assurance requirement for lease or grant...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... interruptions do not affect the likelihood of your guarantor remaining in business during the SAP, COP, and... as Moody's Investor Service or Standard and Poor's Corporation; (ii) Your guarantor's net worth...

Läti-vaenulik film jõuab siiski Vene televaatajateni

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Vene filmistuudio Treti Rim on tootnud lätivastase ajaloolise dokumentaali-propagandafilmi Teisest Maailmasõjast "Natslus Balti moodi" ("Natsizm po pribaltiski"). Filmi näitab täna Vene telekanal TVT

Rituaalid Ando Keskküla moodi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2000-01-01

Tallinna Kunstihoones näitus "Rituaalide mehaanika", millega Ando Keskküla tähistab oma 50. sünnipäeva. Näituse külalised Marko Laimre, Zoe Beloff, Bea de Visser, Fiddian Warman ja Julian Saunderson.

Kahevõitlus Rooma moodi / Jaanus Noormets

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Noormets, Jaanus

2006-01-01

Ajalooline kostüümidraama - seriaal Rooma impeeriumi ajast "Rooma" : tootjad Ameerika Home Box Office (HBO), inglaste BBC ja itaallaste RAI ning ameerika ABC toodang - 6-osaline "Impeerium", mis filmiti Roomas samal ajal - 2004.aastal. Sama ka Teleleht nr. 45, lk. 38 : ill

Relics of the Past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eskildsen, Kasper Risbjerg

2016-01-01

, they insisted, were not only more reliable than eyewitness accounts, but also better historical evidence than all other material remains of the past. The use of these sources in historical research also helped shape the modern ideal of the historian as an archival researcher. To illustrate these changes......, the paper focuses upon the example of the Göttingen historian Johann Christoph Gatterer, who is often considered one of the founders of modern critical historical research....

Рейтинговые фирмы правят миром / Сандер Сыырумаа

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Сыырумаа, Сандер

2010-01-01

Moody's, Standard & Poor's ja Fitch on reitinguagentuuride turu liidrid, kelle hinnagutest sõltub riikide, ettevõtete ja võlakirjade usaldusväärsus. Praeguse majanduskriisi soodustajaks peetakse reitinguagentuuride ebapädevaid hinnanguid

Kolm reitinguagentuuri täidavad finantsmaailmas kohtumõistja rolli / Sander Sõõrumaa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sõõrumaa, Sander

2010-01-01

Moody's, Standard & Poor's ja Fitch on reitinguagentuuride turu liidrid, kelle hinnagutest sõltub riikide, ettevõtete ja võlakirjade usaldusväärsus. Praeguse majanduskriisi soodustajaks peetakse reitinguagentuuride ebapädevaid hinnanguid

Flying Training Capacity Model: Initial Results

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Lynch, Susan

2005-01-01

OBJECTIVE: (1) Determine the flying training capacity for 6 bases: * Sheppard AFB * Randolph AFB * Moody AFB * Columbus AFB * Laughlin AFB * Vance AFB * (2) Develop versatile flying training capacity simulation model for AETC...

Vene telekanal näitas Läti-vaenulikku propagandafilmi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Vene filmistuudio Treti Rim on tootnud lätivastase ajaloolise dokumentaali-propagandafilmi Teisest Maailmasõjast "Natslus Balti moodi" ("Natsizm po pribaltiski"). Filmi näidati 16. märtsil Vene telekanal TVT

Consequences of metaphase II oocyte cryopreservation on mRNA content.

Science.gov (United States)

Chamayou, S; Bonaventura, G; Alecci, C; Tibullo, D; Di Raimondo, F; Guglielmino, A; Barcellona, M L

2011-04-01

We studied the consequences of freezing/thawing processes on mRNA contents in MII oocytes after slow-freezing/rapid thawing (SF/RT) and vitrification/warming (V/W) protocols, and compared the results to fresh MII oocytes. We quantified the nuclear transcript mRNA responsible for the translation of proteins belonging either to trans-regulatory protein family or to functional structural proteins such as proteins involved in DNA structural organization (NAP1L1, TOP1, H1F0H1), chromosomal structure maintenance (SMC, SCC3, RAD21, SMC1A, SMC1B, STAG3, REC8), mitochondrial energetic pathways (ATP5GJ, SDHC), cell cycle regulation and processes (CLTA, MAPK6, CKS2) and staminal cell potency-development competence stage (DPPA3, OCT4, FOXJ2). Surplus MII oocytes were donated from patients in IVF cycles and divided in three groups of 15 oocytes. Group 1 was comprised of non-cryopreserved oocytes and Groups 2 and 3 underwent SF/RT and V/W procedures, respectively. There was an overall decrease of mRNA extracted from cryopreserved oocytes compared to control group. Only 39.4% of mRNA content were preserved after SF/RT while 63.3% of mRNA content were maintained after V/W. Oocyte cryopreservation is associated with molecular injury associated with the decrease of stored mRNA. However the V/W protocol is more conservative than SF/RT resulting in a level of mRNA sufficient to maintain biologic functions in the subsequent fertilized oocyte. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Towards sustainable restoration: learning from the past, a challenge

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hees, R.P.J. van; Naldini, S.

2016-01-01

In many cultures in the past, sustainability used to be an integral concept, related to building traditions, crafts and daily life.With the increasing complexity of our society and the progressive shift from the local to the global scale the past sustainable building tradition has often faded out,

Biodiversity of Terrestrial Vegetation during Past Warm Periods

Science.gov (United States)

Davies-Barnard, T.; Valdes, P. J.; Ridgwell, A.

2016-12-01

Previous modelling studies of vegetation have generally used a small number of plant functional types to understand how the terrestrial biosphere responds to climate changes. Whilst being useful for understanding first order climate feedbacks, this climate-envelope approach makes a lot of assumptions about past vegetation being very similar to modern. A trait-based method has the advantage for paleo modelling in that there are substantially less assumptions made. In a novel use of the trait-based dynamic vegetation model JeDi, forced with output from climate model HadCM3, we explore past biodiversity and vegetation carbon changes. We use JeDi to model an optimal 2000 combinations of fifteen different traits to enable assessment of the overall level of biodiversity as well as individual growth strategies. We assess the vegetation shifts and biodiversity changes in past greenhouse periods to better understand the impact on the terrestrial biosphere. This work provides original insights into the response of vegetation and terrestrial carbon to climate and hydrological changes in high carbon dioxide climates over time, including during the Late Permian and Cretaceous. We evaluate how the location of biodiversity hotspots and species richness in past greenhouse climates is different to the present day.

[Rhodomonas salina (Cryptophyta) pastes as feed for Brachionus plicatilis (Rotifera)].

Science.gov (United States)

Guevara, Miguel; Bastardo, Leandro; Cortez, Roraysi; Arredondo-Vega, Bertha; Romero, Lolymar; Gómez, Patricia

2011-12-01

Rotifers are an important live feed for first feeding larvae of many fish species. The use of concentrated algae cells in the mass culture of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (Brachionidae) has opened new horizons for research on this organism. Pastes of Rhodomonas salina (Pyrenomonadaceae) obtained either by centrifugation or flocculation with chitosan were preserved, with or without vitamin C, at -20 degrees C for four weeks and were evaluated biochemically (proteins, lipids, pigments and fatty acids contents) and subsequently, were used to feed the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis at a ratio of 25 mg/L/day. Four different microalgae pastes were prepared: (1) centrifuged and preserved with vitamin C (CV), (2) centrifuged and preserved without vitamin C (C), (3) flocculated and with vitamin C (FV) and (4) flocculated without vitamin C (F). All treatments showed similar contents of proteins and total lipids with respect to control culture (a fresh culture of R. salina), with mean values of 40.0 +/- 2.32% and 12.0 +/- 1.45%, respectively. The pheophytin a/chlorophyll a ratio, a general indicator of the chemical status of microalgal concentrates, was similar (0.09-0.11) between centrifuged pastes and control culture, but was found to be higher in flocculated pastes (1.28-1.48). The fatty acid profile varied with respect to the control culture, mainly in the proportion of the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Total PUFAs, EPA and DHA contents were statistically similar between centrifuged pastes and control culture (PUFAs: 47%, EPA: 4% and DHA: 4.7%), whereas values obtained for flocculated pastes were significantly lower. The rotifers grew equally well when fed with centrifuged pastes or control culture (maximum density: 320 rotifers/mL; instantaneous growth rate: 0.23 rotifers/day, fecundity: 1.49 eggs/female and productivity: 43 x 10(3) rotifers/L/day. No significant effect of vitamin C was

Regimes of flow past a vortex generator

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Velte, Clara Marika; Okulov, V.L.; Naumov, I.V.

2012-01-01

A complete parametric investigation of the development of multi-vortex regimes in a wake past simple vortex generator has been carried out. It is established that the vortex structure in the wake is much more complicated than a simple monopole tip vortex. The vortices were studied by stereoscopic...... particle image velocimetry (SPIV). Based on the obtained SPIV data, a map of the regimes of flow past the vortex generator has been constructed. One region with a developed stable multivortex system on this map reaches the vicinity of the optimum angle of attack of the vortex generator....

A randomized trial examining the effects of aerobic physical activity on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in young children.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoza, Betsy; Smith, Alan L; Shoulberg, Erin K; Linnea, Kate S; Dorsch, Travis E; Blazo, Jordan A; Alerding, Caitlin M; McCabe, George P

2015-05-01

The goal of this study was to compare the effects of before school physical activity (PA) and sedentary classroom-based (SC) interventions on the symptoms, behavior, moodiness, and peer functioning of young children (M age = 6.83) at risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-risk; n = 94) and typically developing children (TD; n = 108). Children were randomly assigned to either PA or SC and participated in the assigned intervention 31 min per day, each school day, over the course of 12 weeks. Parent and teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms (inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity), oppositional behavior, moodiness, behavior toward peers, and reputation with peers, were used as dependent variables. Primary analyses indicate that the PA intervention was more effective than the SC intervention at reducing inattention and moodiness in the home context. Less conservative follow-up analyses within ADHD status and intervention groups suggest that a PA intervention may reduce impairment associated with ADHD-risk in both home and school domains; interpretive caution is warranted, however, given the liberal approach to these analyses. Unexpectedly, these findings also indicate the potential utility of a before school SC intervention as a tool for managing ADHD symptoms. Inclusion of a no treatment control group in future studies will enable further understanding of PA as an alternative management strategy for ADHD symptoms.

Exploring the electrochemical performance of graphitic paste electrodes: graphene vs. graphite.

Science.gov (United States)

Figueiredo-Filho, Luiz C S; Brownson, Dale A C; Gómez-Mingot, Maria; Iniesta, Jesús; Fatibello-Filho, Orlando; Banks, Craig E

2013-11-07

We report the fabrication, characterisation (SEM, TEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopy) and electrochemical implementation of a graphene paste electrode. The paste electrodes utilised are constructed by simply mixing graphene with mineral oil (which acts as a binder) prior to loading the resultant paste into a piston-driven polymeric-tubing electrode-shell, where this electrode configuration allows for rapid renewal of the electrode surface. The fabricated paste electrode is electrochemically characterised using both inner-sphere and outer-sphere redox probes, namely potassium ferrocyanide(ii), hexaammine-ruthenium(iii) chloride and hexachloroiridate(iii), in addition to the biologically relevant and electroactive analytes, l-ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). Comparisons are made with a graphite paste alternative and the benefits of graphene implementation as a paste electrode within electrochemistry are explored, as well as the characterisation of their electroanalytical performances. We reveal no observable differences in the electrochemical performance and thus suggest that there are no advantages of using graphene over graphite in the fabrication of paste electrodes. Such work is highly important and informative for those working in the field of electroanalysis where electrochemistry can provide portable, rapid, reliable and accurate sensing protocols (bringing the laboratory into the field), with particular relevance to those searching for new electrode materials.

Phase distribution and microstructural changes of self-compacting cement paste at elevated temperature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ye, G.; Liu, X.; De Schutter, G.; Taerwe, L.; Vandevelde, P.

2007-01-01

Self-compacting concrete, as a new smart building material with various advanced properties, has been used for a wide range of structures and infrastructures. However little investigation have been reported on the properties of Self-compacting when it is exposed to elevated temperatures. Previous experiments on fire test have shown the differences between high performance concrete and traditional concrete at elevated temperature. This difference is largely depending on the microstructural properties of concrete matrix, i.e. the cement paste, especially on the porosity, pore size distribution and the connectivity of pores in cement pastes. In this contribution, the investigations are focused on the cement paste. The phase distribution and microstructural changes of self-compacting cement paste at elevated temperatures are examined by mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The chemical decomposition of self-compacting cement paste at different temperatures is determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The experimental results of self-compacting cement paste are compared with those of high performance cement paste and traditional cement paste. It was found that self-compacting cement paste shows a higher change of the total porosity in comparison with high performance cement paste. When the temperature is higher than 700 deg. C, a dramatic loss of mass was observed in the self-compacting cement paste samples with addition of limestone filler. This implies that the SCC made by this type of self-compacting cement paste will probably show larger damage once exposed to fire. Investigation has shown that 0.5 kg/m 3 of Polypropylene fibers in the self-compacting cement paste can avoid the damage efficiently

Effect of acetylation and varietal differences on the pasting ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The pasting properties of starch from eight varieties of corn; Okomasa, Obatanpa, Dodzi, Mamaba, Dadaba, Dorke, Golden crystal, and CIDA-ba were studied to establish the effects of acetylation and varietal differences on the pasting properties. Native starches extracted from the corn varieties were modified with 10% v/v ...

A novel paste electrode based on a silver solid amalgam and an organic pasting liquid

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Daňhel, A.; Josypčuk, Bohdan; Vyskočil, V.; Zima, J.; Barek, J.

2011-01-01

Roč. 656, 1-2 (2011), s. 218-222 ISSN 1572-6657 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LC06063; GA AV ČR IAA400400806 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : voltammetry * paste electrode * silver amalgam Subject RIV: CG - Electrochemistry Impact factor: 2.905, year: 2011

Past incompleteness of a bouncing multiverse

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vilenkin, Alexander; Zhang, Jun

2014-01-01

According to classical GR, Anti-de Sitter (AdS) bubbles in the multiverse terminate in big crunch singularities. It has been conjectured, however, that the fundamental theory may resolve these singularities and replace them by nonsingular bounces. This may have important implications for the beginning of the multiverse. Geodesics in cosmological spacetimes are known to be past-incomplete, as long as the average expansion rate along the geodesic is positive, but it is not clear that the latter condition is satisfied if the geodesic repeatedly passes through crunching AdS bubbles. We investigate this issue in a simple multiverse model, where the spacetime consists of a patchwork of FRW regions. The conclusion is that the spacetime is still past-incomplete, even in the presence of AdS bounces

Past incompleteness of a bouncing multiverse

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vilenkin, Alexander; Zhang, Jun, E-mail: vilenkin@cosmos.phy.tufts.edu, E-mail: jun.zhang@tufts.edu [Institute of Cosmology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155 (United States)

2014-06-01

According to classical GR, Anti-de Sitter (AdS) bubbles in the multiverse terminate in big crunch singularities. It has been conjectured, however, that the fundamental theory may resolve these singularities and replace them by nonsingular bounces. This may have important implications for the beginning of the multiverse. Geodesics in cosmological spacetimes are known to be past-incomplete, as long as the average expansion rate along the geodesic is positive, but it is not clear that the latter condition is satisfied if the geodesic repeatedly passes through crunching AdS bubbles. We investigate this issue in a simple multiverse model, where the spacetime consists of a patchwork of FRW regions. The conclusion is that the spacetime is still past-incomplete, even in the presence of AdS bounces.

Dwarf novae in outburst: modelling the observations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pringle, J.E.; Verbunt, F.

1986-01-01

Time-dependent accretion-disc models are constructed and used to calculate theoretical spectra in order to try to fit the ultraviolet and optical observations of outbursts of the two dwarf novae VW Hydri and CN Orionis. It is found that the behaviour on the rise to outburst is the strongest discriminator between theoretical models. The mass-transfer burst model is able to fit the spectral behaviour for both objects. The disc-instability model is unable to fit the rise to outburst in VW Hydri, and gives a poor fit to the observations of CN Orionis. (author)

Experimental demonstration of variable weight SAC-OCDMA system for QoS differentiation

Science.gov (United States)

Seyedzadeh, Saleh; Mahdiraji, Ghafour Amouzad; Sahbudin, Ratna Kalos Zakiah; Abas, Ahmad Fauzi; Anas, Siti Barirah Ahmad

2014-10-01

In this paper the experimental and simulation results of variable-weight spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (VW-SAC-OCDMA) system is demonstrated. In the proposed system, three users with weights of 6, 4 and 2 each operating at data rate of 1.25 Gb/s represent video, data and voice services, respectively. Results show that for back-to-back system minimum average power of -20 dBm per chip is required to maintain the acceptable performance. Transmission up to 60 km of fiber is demonstrated. Using mathematical approximation the capacity of VW-SAC-OCDMA system is demonstrated.

Et stort offer er nødvendigt i Danske Bank

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ørholst, Henrik

2018-01-01

Når skandalerne rammer, kan det være nødvendigt at ofre en topchef for at komme videre. Danske Banks uheldige eventyr i Estland afventer to undersøgelser, før et ansvar bliver placeret. VW, Mærsk og SAS reagerede hurtigere, da de blev ramt.......Når skandalerne rammer, kan det være nødvendigt at ofre en topchef for at komme videre. Danske Banks uheldige eventyr i Estland afventer to undersøgelser, før et ansvar bliver placeret. VW, Mærsk og SAS reagerede hurtigere, da de blev ramt....

Queer Reparations: Dialogue and the Queer Past of Schooling

Science.gov (United States)

Marshall, Daniel

2014-01-01

This article reflects on historical homophobia within educational practice and administration as an effort to consider how we might promote dialogue around the queer past of schooling. Along the way, it provides some discussion of the significance of archival knowledge in helping us to develop an understanding of the past while also providing…

Past tense in the brain's time: Neurophysiological evidence for dual-route processing of past-tense verbs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bakker, I.; Pulvermüller, F.; Shtyrov, Y.

2013-01-01

A controversial issue in neuro- and psycholinguistics is whether regular past-tense forms of verbs are stored lexically or generated productively by the application of abstract combinatorial schemas, for example affixation rules. The success or failure of models in accounting for this particular

Modelling Spatial Compositional Data: Reconstructions of past land cover and uncertainties

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pirzamanbein, Behnaz; Lindström, Johan; Poska, Anneli

2018-01-01

In this paper, we construct a hierarchical model for spatial compositional data, which is used to reconstruct past land-cover compositions (in terms of coniferous forest, broadleaved forest, and unforested/open land) for five time periods during the past $6\\,000$ years over Europe. The model...... to a fast MCMC algorithm. Reconstructions are obtained by combining pollen-based estimates of vegetation cover at a limited number of locations with scenarios of past deforestation and output from a dynamic vegetation model. To evaluate uncertainties in the predictions a novel way of constructing joint...... confidence regions for the entire composition at each prediction location is proposed. The hierarchical model's ability to reconstruct past land cover is evaluated through cross validation for all time periods, and by comparing reconstructions for the recent past to a present day European forest map...

Flow past an axially aligned spinning cylinder: Experimental Study

Science.gov (United States)

Carlucci, Pasquale; Buckley, Liam; Mehmedagic, Igbal; Carlucci, Donald; Thangam, Siva

2017-11-01

Experimental investigation of flow past a spinning cylinder is presented in the context of its application and relevance to flow past projectiles. A subsonic wind tunnel is used to perform experiments on the flow past a spinning cylinder that is mounted on a forward sting and oriented such that its axis of rotation is aligned with the mean flow. The experiments cover a Reynolds number of range of up to 45000 and rotation numbers of up to 2 (based on cylinder diameter). Time-averaged mean flow and turbulence profiles in the wake flow are presented with and without spin along with comparison to published experimental data. Funded in part by the U. S. Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ.

Influence of superplasticizer on the rheology of fresh cement asphalt paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jianwei Peng

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Cement asphalt (CA paste is an organic–inorganic composite material of cement and asphalt emulsion. Its complicated rheological behavior affects its site application in high speed railway. Superplasticizers (SPs are usually used to improve the construction properties of fresh CA mortar. However, the principle of SPs acting on the rheology of CA paste is seldom studied. In this paper, the effects of polycarboxylate (PCA and naphthalenesulfonate (PNS on the rheological properties of CA pastes, asphalt emulsions (both anionic and cationic and cement pastes were studied, respectively from the viewpoint of adsorption and zeta potential. Centrifugation method was used to determine the adsorption of asphalt onto cement particle, electroacoustic method was employed to study the zeta potential of cement particles of concentrated paste, and optical microscopy was used to observe the dispersion of particles. The results suggest that both PCA and PNS can decrease the yield stress and apparent viscosity of CA pastes. The effect of SPs on the rheology of CA paste can be explained by two reasons. First, PNS can adsorb on both asphalt and cement surface, change the zeta potential and then decrease their yield stress and viscosity, while PCA only adsorb on cement surface. Second, the competitive adsorption of SPs and asphalt prevents asphalt from adsorbing on cement surface and then more asphalt droplets are released into aqueous solution, thereby enhancing the particle dispersion.

Forestry cooperatives: past and present

Science.gov (United States)

Mark G. Rickenbach

2006-01-01

Forest landowner cooperatives are not a new phenomenon, but past efforts to create and sustain these businesses have been largely unsuccessful in the U.S. Before and just after World War II saw significant investment in cooperative development that failed to create durable business. The purpose of this chapter is to briefly describe the history of forestry cooperatives...

Optimization of Adhesive Pastes for Dental Caries Prevention.

Science.gov (United States)

Sodata, Patteera; Juntavee, Apa; Juntavee, Niwut; Peerapattana, Jomjai

2017-11-01

Dental caries prevention products available on the market contain only remineralizing agents or antibacterial agents. This study aimed to develop adhesive pastes containing calcium phosphate and α-mangostin for dental caries prevention using the optimization technique. Calcium phosphate was used as a remineralizing agent, and extracted α-mangostin was used as an antibacterial agent. The effect of the independent variables, which were fumed silica, Eudragit ® EPO, polyethylene glycol, and ethyl alcohol, on the responses was investigated. The drying time, erosion rate, calcium release rate, and α-mangostin release rate were established as the measured responses. An equation and a model of the relationship were constructed. An optimal formulation was obtained, and its effect on dental caries prevention was investigated using the pH-cycling model. The quadratic equation revealed that the drying time, calcium release rate, and α-mangostin release rate tended to decrease when increasing the fumed silica and decreasing other factors. The erosion rate tended to increase when decreasing Eudragit ® EPO and increasing other factors. The observed responses of the optimal adhesive pastes were not significantly different from the predicted responses. This result demonstrated that optimization is an efficient technique in the formulation development of the adhesive pastes. In addition, the optimal adhesive pastes could enhance acid resistance activity to the tooth enamel.

On the development of past habitual from iterative in Lithuanian

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Jurgis Pakerys

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Lithuanian has regular past habitual forms with the suffix -dav-, which can be explained as an originally iterative suffix -dau- restricted to the past tense (Fraenkel 1936. Dialectal and Old Lithuanian, in addition to -dav-, also feature habituals with the suffixes -lav- and -dlav-, which could have followed the same path of development (Fraenkel 1936, as evidenced by a number of diverse languages (Bybee et al. 1994. Using an electronic edition of Lietuvių kalbos žodynas (The Dictionary of Lithuanian as the data source, a limited number of possible iteratives with -dau- and other related suffixes were found, which has led to two main conclusions. (1 Habituals were restricted to the past tense before the appearance of the first written Lithuanian texts (mid-16th c. and the present and the infinitive stems went out of use. If this had not been the case, more corresponding verbal formations should have remained. (2 Iteratives with the habitual-to-be suffixes had to be productive to some extent in the dialects, which grammaticalized them as past habituals. If these formations had been productive in all dialects of Lithuanian, more iteratives should have been found in the areas that did not grammaticalize them as past habituals. It is also suggested that the form-frequency correspondence principle (Haspelmath 2008, 2014, 2017 should have operated in the formation of the Lithuanian habitual. Longer suffixes were chosen to mark habitual situations as a less frequent subtype of iterative situations and habitual forms were restricted to the past tense because habituality is one of the default (more frequent readings of the present and hence the habituals in the past tend to be marked explicitly (Bybee et al. 1994.

Warm climates of the past--a lesson for the future?

Science.gov (United States)

Lunt, D J; Elderfield, H; Pancost, R; Ridgwell, A; Foster, G L; Haywood, A; Kiehl, J; Sagoo, N; Shields, C; Stone, E J; Valdes, P

2013-10-28

This Discussion Meeting Issue of the Philosophical Transactions A had its genesis in a Discussion Meeting of the Royal Society which took place on 10-11 October 2011. The Discussion Meeting, entitled 'Warm climates of the past: a lesson for the future?', brought together 16 eminent international speakers from the field of palaeoclimate, and was attended by over 280 scientists and members of the public. Many of the speakers have contributed to the papers compiled in this Discussion Meeting Issue. The papers summarize the talks at the meeting, and present further or related work. This Discussion Meeting Issue asks to what extent information gleaned from the study of past climates can aid our understanding of future climate change. Climate change is currently an issue at the forefront of environmental science, and also has important sociological and political implications. Most future predictions are carried out by complex numerical models; however, these models cannot be rigorously tested for scenarios outside of the modern, without making use of past climate data. Furthermore, past climate data can inform our understanding of how the Earth system operates, and can provide important contextual information related to environmental change. All past time periods can be useful in this context; here, we focus on past climates that were warmer than the modern climate, as these are likely to be the most similar to the future. This introductory paper is not meant as a comprehensive overview of all work in this field. Instead, it gives an introduction to the important issues therein, using the papers in this Discussion Meeting Issue, and other works from all the Discussion Meeting speakers, as exemplars of the various ways in which past climates can inform projections of future climate. Furthermore, we present new work that uses a palaeo constraint to quantitatively inform projections of future equilibrium ice sheet change.

Tucupi creamy paste: development, sensory evaluation and rheological characterization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Telma dos Santos COSTA

Full Text Available Abstract Tucupi, a fermented product obtained from cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz is widely employed in the cuisine of the Northern region of Brazil, however, its industrial application is incipient. This study used tucupi to prepare a creamy paste, which underwent sensory and rheological evaluation. Paste formulations with 5 to 20% concentrated tucupi were obtained. An acceptance test was used to assess the product’s acceptability regarding the attributes of color, aroma, flavor, texture, and overall impression. A purchase intention test of the product was also applied. The product’s rheology was studied at 25, 40, and 60 °C and the activation energy (Ea was estimated. The internal preference mapping indicated that the paste formulation with 5% and 10% tucupi were the most accepted by the judge, but only the 10% tucupi paste was characterized. Proportions greater than 15% tucupi influenced negatively in the flavor and texture of the product. Purchase intention test showed that 99% of the judges demonstrated interest in purchasing the product. The product presented 72.7% moisture, 10.4% lipids, 0.5% proteins, 2.1% ashes, 14.3% carbohydrates, and 7.4 μg/g β-carotene. According to the rheological assays, the paste presented characteristics of a pseudoplastic fluid. The Herschel-Bulkley model proved efficient to predict the flow curves for the product in the temperature range tested, for which Ea was estimated at 7.49 kJ/mol.

Past-focused temporal communication overcomes conservatives' resistance to liberal political ideas.

Science.gov (United States)

Lammers, Joris; Baldwin, Matt

2018-04-01

Nine studies and a meta-analysis test the role of past-focused temporal communication in reducing conservatives' disagreement with liberal political ideas. We propose that conservatives are more prone to warm, affectionate, and nostalgic feelings for past society. Therefore, they are more likely to support political ideas-including those expressing liberal values-that can be linked to a desirable past state (past focus), rather than a desirable future state (future focus) of society. Study 1 supports our prediction that political conservatives are more nostalgic for the past than liberals. Building on this association, we demonstrate that communicating liberal ideas with a past focus increases conservatives' support for leniency in criminal justice (Studies 2a and 2b), gun control (Study 3), immigration (Study 4), social diversity (Study 5), and social justice (Study 6). Communicating messages with a past focus reduced political disagreement (compared with a future focus) between liberals and conservatives by between 30 and 100% across studies. Studies 5 and 6 identify the mediating role of state and trait nostalgia, respectively. Study 7 shows that the temporal communication effect only occurs under peripheral (and not central) information processing. Study 8 shows that the effect is asymmetric; a future focus did not increase liberals' support for conservative ideas. A mixed-effects meta-analysis across all studies confirms that appealing to conservatives' nostalgia with a past-focused temporal focus increases support for liberal political messages (Study 9). A large portion of the political disagreement between conservatives and liberals appears to be disagreement over style, and not content of political issues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Implementation of Paste Backfill Mining Technology in Chinese Coal Mines

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Qingliang; Zhou, Huaqiang; Bai, Jianbiao

2014-01-01

Implementation of clean mining technology at coal mines is crucial to protect the environment and maintain balance among energy resources, consumption, and ecology. After reviewing present coal clean mining technology, we introduce the technology principles and technological process of paste backfill mining in coal mines and discuss the components and features of backfill materials, the constitution of the backfill system, and the backfill process. Specific implementation of this technology and its application are analyzed for paste backfill mining in Daizhuang Coal Mine; a practical implementation shows that paste backfill mining can improve the safety and excavation rate of coal mining, which can effectively resolve surface subsidence problems caused by underground mining activities, by utilizing solid waste such as coal gangues as a resource. Therefore, paste backfill mining is an effective clean coal mining technology, which has widespread application. PMID:25258737

Aging changes in the female reproductive system

Science.gov (United States)

... flashes, moodiness, headaches, and trouble sleeping Problems with short-term memory Decrease in breast tissue Lower sex drive (libido) and sexual response Increased risk of bone loss ( osteoporosis ) Urinary system changes, such as frequency and ...

Depression and College Students

Science.gov (United States)

... depression and other mental health issues? Reference Share Depression and College Students Download PDF Download ePub Order ... Answers to college students’ frequently asked questions about depression Feeling moody, sad, or grouchy? Who doesn’t ...

30 CFR 800.23 - Self-bonding.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... applicant's control and that do not affect the applicant's likelihood of remaining in business during the... current rating for its most recent bond issuance of “A” or higher as issued by either Moody's Investor...

IMPRINT OF THE PAST: ECOLOGICAL HISTORY OF NEW BEDFORD HARBOR

Science.gov (United States)

To have an understanding of ecological conditions in a highly impacted area, it is important to look at how past events affected current conditions. Historical studies provide an understanding of how current ecological conditions arose, provide information to identify past pollut...

Development of Novel Front Contract Pastes for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duty, C.; Jellison, D. G.E. P.; Joshi, P.

2012-04-05

In order to improve the efficiencies of silicon solar cells, paste to silicon contact formation mechanisms must be more thoroughly understood as a function of paste chemistry, wafer properties and firing conditions. Ferro Corporation has been involved in paste development for over 30 years and has extensive expertise in glass and paste formulations. This project has focused on the characterization of the interface between the top contact material (silver paste) and the underlying silicon wafer. It is believed that the interface between the front contact silver and the silicon wafer plays a dominant role in the electrical performance of the solar cell. Development of an improved front contact microstructure depends on the paste chemistry, paste interaction with the SiNx, and silicon (“Si”) substrate, silicon sheet resistivity, and the firing profile. Typical front contact ink contains silver metal powders and flakes, glass powder and other inorganic additives suspended in an organic medium of resin and solvent. During fast firing cycles glass melts, wets, corrodes the SiNx layer, and then interacts with underlying Si. Glass chemistry is also a critical factor in the development of an optimum front contact microstructure. Over the course of this project, several fundamental characteristics of the Ag/Si interface were documented, including a higher-than-expected distribution of voids along the interface, which could significantly impact electrical conductivity. Several techniques were also investigated for the interfacial analysis, including STEM, EDS, FIB, EBSD, and ellipsometry.

Damage identification in cement paste amended with carbon nanotubes

Science.gov (United States)

Soltangharaei, Vafa; Anay, Rafal; Assi, Lateef; Ziehl, Paul; Matta, Fabio

2018-04-01

Cement-based composites have been used as reliable materials in building and civil engineering infrastructure for many decades. Although there are several advantages, some drawbacks such as premature cracking may be problematic for sensitive applications such as those found in nuclear power plants or associated waste storage facilities. In this study, acoustic emission monitoring was employed to detect stress waves associated with damage progression during uniaxial compressive loading. Acoustic emission data resulting from loading of plain cement paste prisms and cement paste prisms amended with carbon nanotubes are compared. Unsupervised pattern recognition is employed to categorize the data. Results indicate that increased acoustic emission activity was recorded for the plain cement paste prisms when compared to prisms amended with carbon nanotubes.

Serotonin affects association of aversive outcomes to past actions.

Science.gov (United States)

Tanaka, Saori C; Shishida, Kazuhiro; Schweighofer, Nicolas; Okamoto, Yasumasa; Yamawaki, Shigeto; Doya, Kenji

2009-12-16

Impairment in the serotonergic system has been linked to action choices that are less advantageous in a long run. Such impulsive choices can be caused by a deficit in linking a given reward or punishment with past actions. Here, we tested the effect of manipulation of the serotonergic system by tryptophan depletion and loading on learning the association of current rewards and punishments with past actions. We observed slower associative learning when actions were followed by a delayed punishment in the low serotonergic condition. Furthermore, a model-based analysis revealed a positive correlation between the length of the memory trace for aversive choices and subjects' blood tryptophan concentration. Our results suggest that the serotonergic system regulates the time scale of retrospective association of punishments to past actions.

Dealing with difficult pasts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

McAtackney, Laura

2013-01-01

develop. I argue that such politically loaded manifestations of difficult pasts are highly significant during post-conflict renegotiations of society. They act as reminders of what happened, a commentary on how far society has – or has not moved on – and the potential for future relations and directions....... Using Robben Island and Long Kesh / Maze as case-studies this paper will explore the physical manifestations of political imprisonment, their experiences in the post-conflict context and reveal contestations of meaning at these dark heritage sites....

Physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory evaluation of spicy soybean paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniela Cristina Faria Vieira

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to develop a spicy soybean paste. Three formulations of spicy soybean paste were prepared, and then submitted to prior microbiological and sensory acceptance test with 50 untrained tasters. The most accepted formulation was evaluated on the microbiological quality during its shelf life. Significant differences were found (p <0.05 for the attributes flavor, aroma, texture and overall impression for the formulation B of spicy soybean paste, the most accepted of the two. It was found that the microbiological analyzes are within the established by the Technical Regulation on microbiological standards for food nº 12 of January 2nd, 2001. The mean values found for the physicochemical analyzes were 38.93% for moisture, 11.00% for lipids, proteins and 11.12% to 6.85% for ash content. The spicy soybean paste is a good food option, presenting good sensory acceptance.

Obtaining of graded zones in glass by diffusion from the paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valov, P.M.; Goldenfant, B.G.; Polyanskiy, M.N.

1986-01-01

The local changing of refraction index of glass matrix by treatment of alloy of salts from solid source-paste is studied in this article. Paste was produced of mixture of binder and salts of lithium, sodium, potassium, and copper. The paste was applied on matrix surface and obtained item was thermal processed. Influence of electrical and temperature ranges on optical and geometrical properties of obtained structures is studied as well.

Maximal supergravities and the E10 model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kleinschmidt, Axel; Nicolai, Hermann

2006-01-01

The maximal rank hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra e 10 has been conjectured to play a prominent role in the unification of duality symmetries in string and M theory. We review some recent developments supporting this conjecture

National water resource management as a global problem: The example of Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

Elshorbagy, A. A.; Abdelkader, A. A.; Tuninetti, M.; Laio, F.; Ridolfi, L.; Fahmy, H.

2017-12-01

The engineering redistribution of water remains limited in its spatial scope, when compared with the socioeconomic redistribution of water in its virtual form. Virtual water (VW) embedded in products has its own human-induced cycle by moving across the globe. There is a significant body of literature on global VW trade networks (VWTN), with most studies focused on the network structure and the variables controlling its behavior. It was shown that the importing nations will play an important role in the evolution of the network dynamics. The increased connectivity of the global network highlights the risk of systemic disruptions and the vulnerability of the global food, especially when exporting countries change to non-exporting ones. The existing models of VWTN characterize the properties of the network, along with its nodes and links. Acknowledging its contribution to understand the global redistribution of virtual water, hardly can this approach attract potential users to adopt it. The VW trade (VWT) modeling needs to be repositioned to allow resource managers and policy makers at various scales to benefit from it and link global VW dynamics to their local decisions. The aim of this research is to introduce a new modeling approach for the VWT where detailed national scale water management is nested within the coarser global VWTN. The case study of Egypt, the world biggest importer of wheat, is considered here because its population growth and limitations of water and arable land position it as a significant node in the global network. A set of potential scenarios of Egypt's future, driven by population growth, development plans, consumption patterns, technology change, and water availability are developed. The annual national food and water balance in every scenario is calculated to estimate the potential for VW export and import of Egypt. The results indicate that Egypt's demand for food might cause unexpectedly higher demands on other countries' water resources

Rule-based learning of regular past tense in children with specific language impairment.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith-Lock, Karen M

2015-01-01

The treatment of children with specific language impairment was used as a means to investigate whether a single- or dual-mechanism theory best conceptualizes the acquisition of English past tense. The dual-mechanism theory proposes that regular English past-tense forms are produced via a rule-based process whereas past-tense forms of irregular verbs are stored in the lexicon. Single-mechanism theories propose that both regular and irregular past-tense verbs are stored in the lexicon. Five 5-year-olds with specific language impairment received treatment for regular past tense. The children were tested on regular past-tense production and third-person singular "s" twice before treatment and once after treatment, at eight-week intervals. Treatment consisted of one-hour play-based sessions, once weekly, for eight weeks. Crucially, treatment focused on different lexical items from those in the test. Each child demonstrated significant improvement on the untreated past-tense test items after treatment, but no improvement on the untreated third-person singular "s". Generalization to untreated past-tense verbs could not be attributed to a frequency effect or to phonological similarity of trained and tested items. It is argued that the results are consistent with a dual-mechanism theory of past-tense inflection.

Figurative use of past tense in Russian: a case study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daria Chernova

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This article discusses past tense verbs in collocations with the future tense adverbial завтра ‘tomorrow'. It is shown that the past tense grammeme can express habitual, hypothetical and conditional meanings that are related through metonymy.

Rationale for a home dialysis virtual ward: design and implementation.

Science.gov (United States)

Schachter, Michael E; Bargman, Joanne M; Copland, Michael; Hladunewich, Michelle; Tennankore, Karthik K; Levin, Adeera; Oliver, Matthew; Pauly, Robert P; Perl, Jeffrey; Zimmerman, Deborah; Chan, Christopher T

2014-02-14

Home-based renal replacement therapy (RRT) [peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD)] offers independent quality of life and clinical advantages compared to conventional in-center hemodialysis. However, follow-up may be less complete for home dialysis patients following a change in care settings such as post hospitalization. We aim to implement a Home Dialysis Virtual Ward (HDVW) strategy, which is targeted to minimize gaps of care. The HDVW Pilot Study will enroll consecutive PD and HHD patients who fulfilled any one of our inclusion criteria: 1. following discharge from hospital, 2. after interventional procedure(s), 3. prescription of anti-microbial agents, or 4. following completion of home dialysis training. Clinician-led telephone interviews are performed weekly for 2 weeks until VW discharge. Case-mix (modified Charlson Comorbidity Index), symptoms (the modified Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale) and patient satisfaction are assessed serially. The number of VW interventions relating to eight pre-specified domains will be measured. Adverse events such as re-hospitalization and health-services utilization will be ascertained through telephone follow-up after discharge from the VW at 2, 4, 12 weeks. The VW re-hospitalization rate will be compared with a contemporary cohort (matched for age, gender, renal replacement therapy and co-morbidities). Our protocol has been approved by research ethics board (UHN: 12-5397-AE). Written informed consent for participation in the study will be obtained from participants. This report serves as a blueprint for the design and implementation of a novel health service delivery model for home dialysis patients. The major goal of the HDVW initiative is to provide appropriate and effective supports to medically complex patients in a targeted window of vulnerability. (NCT01912001).

Partial air conditioning in the production hall of VW-Mechatronics. Part 2; Teilklima-Anlagen in der Fertigungshalle VW-Mechatronic. Teil 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stroeder, R. [BKI Brab und Kahl Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, Aachen (Germany)

2005-07-01

While part 1 presented the technical facilities for mechanical production and air filtering, part 2 describes the assembly section with the clean room and the space HVAC systems for testing, measuring, and auxiliary rooms. (orig.)

Production of spray-dried honey jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) powder from enzymatic liquefied puree.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Chen Wai; Tan, Hong Hock

2017-02-01

This paper presents the enzymatic liquefaction process for honey jackfruit optimized with Pectinex ® Ultra SP-L and Celluclast ® 1.5 L individually or in combinations at different concentrations (0-2.5% v/w) and incubation time (0-2.5 h). Treatment with combinations of enzymes showed a greater effect in the reduction of viscosity (83.9-98.8%) as compared to single enzyme treatment (64.8-87.3%). The best parameter for enzymatic liquefaction was obtained with 1.0% (v/w) Pectinex ® Ultra SP-L and 0.5% (v/w) Celluclast ® 1.5 L for 1.5 h. Spray drying process was carried out using different inlet temperatures (140-180 °C) and maltodextrin concentrations (10-30% w/w). Results indicated that the spray-dried honey jackfruit powder produced at 160 °C with 30% w/w maltodextrin gave the highest product yield (66.90%) with good powder qualities in terms of water activity, solubility, moisture content, hygroscopicity, color and bulk density. The spray-dried honey jackfruit powder could potentially be incorporated into various food products.

Corrosion of ferritic steels by molten lithium: Influence of competing thermal gradient mass transfer and surface product reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tortorelli, P.F.

1987-10-01

An Fe-12Cr-1MoVW steel was exposed to thermally convective lithium for 6962 h. Results showed that the weight change profile of Fe-12Cr-1MoVW steel changed substantially as the maximum loop temperature was raised from 500 to 600 0 C. Furthermore, for a particular loop experiment, changes in the structure and composition of the exposed surfaces did not reflect typical thermal gradient mass transfer effects for all elements: the surface concentration of chromium was often a maximum at intermediate temperatures, while nickel (present at low concentrations in the starting material) tended to be transported to the coldest part of the loop. Such data were interpreted in terms of a qualitative model in which there are different dominant reactions or the various constituents of the ferritic steels (surface product formation involving nitrogen and/or carbon and solubility-driven elemental transport). This competition among different reactions is important in evaluating overall corrosion behavior and the effects of temperature. The overall corrosion rate of the 12Cr-1MoVW steel was relatively low when compared to that for austenitic stainless steel exposed under similar conditions

Corrosion of ferrous alloys exposed to thermally convective Pb-17 at. % Li

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tortorelli, P.F.; DeVan, J.H.

1986-01-01

A type 316 stainless steel thermal convection loop with type 316 stainless steel coupons and a Fe-9 Cr-1 Mo steel loop containing Fe-12 Cr-1 MoVW steel specimens circulated molten Pb-17 at. % Li at a maximum temperature of 500 0 C. Specimens were exposed for greater than 6000 h. Mass loss and surface characterization data were compared for these two alloys. At any particular exposure time, the corrosion of type 316 stainless steel by Pb-17 at. % Li was more severe, and of a different type than that of similarly exposed Fe-12 Cr-1 MoVW steel. The austenitic alloy suffered nonuniform penetration and dissolution by the lead-lithium, whereas the Fe-12 Cr-1 MoVW steel tended to be more uniformly corroded. The presence of a ferritic layer on the type 316 stainless steel, and its susceptibility to spalling during specimen cleaning, were shown to be important in evaluating the data and in comparing corrosion losses for the type types of alloys. A model for the nonuniform penetration of type 316 stainless steel by Pb-17 at. % Li was suggested

Crowd-sourced Archaeological Research: The MicroPasts Project

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chiara Bonacchi

2014-10-01

Full Text Available This paper offers a brief introduction to MicroPasts, a web-enabled crowd-sourcing and crowd-funding project whose overall goal is to promote the collection and use of high quality research data via institutional and community collaborations, both on- and off-line. In addition to introducing this initiative, the discussion below is a reflection of its lead author’s core contribution to the project and will dwell in more detail on one particular aspect of MicroPasts: its relevance to research and practice in public archaeology, cultural policy and heritage studies.

Continuum simulations of water flow past fullerene molecules

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Popadic, A.; Praprotnik, M.; Koumoutsakos, P.

2015-01-01

We present continuum simulations of water flow past fullerene molecules. The governing Navier-Stokes equations are complemented with the Navier slip boundary condition with a slip length that is extracted from related molecular dynamics simulations. We find that several quantities of interest...... as computed by the present model are in good agreement with results from atomistic and atomistic-continuum simulations at a fraction of the cost. We simulate the flow past a single fullerene and an array of fullerenes and demonstrate that such nanoscale flows can be computed efficiently by continuum flow...

Diffusion of hydroxyl ions from calcium hydroxide and Aloe vera pastes.

Science.gov (United States)

Batista, Victor Eduardo de Souza; Olian, Douglas Dáquila; Mori, Graziela Garrido

2014-01-01

This study evaluated the diffusion through the dentinal tubules of hydroxyl ions from different calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes containing Aloe vera. Sixty single-rooted bovine teeth were used. The tooth crowns were removed, the root canals were instrumented and the specimens were assigned to 4 groups (n=15) according to the intracanal medication: Group CH/S - CH powder and saline paste; Group CH/P - CH powder and propylene glycol paste; Group CH/A - calcium hydroxide powder and Aloe vera gel paste; Group CH/A/P - CH powder, Aloe vera powder and propylene glycol paste. After placement of the root canal dressings, the teeth were sealed coronally and apically with a two-step epoxy adhesive. The teeth were placed in identified flasks containing deionized water and stored in an oven with 100% humidity at 37 °C. After 3 h, 24 h, 72 h, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days, the deionized water in the flasks was collected and its pH was measured by a pH meter. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis at a significance level of 5%. The results demonstrated that all pastes provided diffusion of hydroxyl ions through the dentinal tubules. The combination of Aloe vera and CH (group CH/A) provided a constant release of calcium ions. Group CH/A/P showed the highest pH at 24 and 72 h. In conclusion, the experimental pastes containing Aloe vera were able to enable the diffusion of hydroxyl ions through the dentinal tubules.

Water plants past and present

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Riis, Tenna

2006-01-01

How has the condition of the environment developed during the last 100 years? This is an important question because the conditions of the past infl uence those of the present, and knowledge about this development makes it possible to evaluate the causes of changes in species richness, species com...... composition and environmental quality. Here we compare old and contemporary studies of the Danish stream fl ora....

Jah, proua president / Aune Past

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Past, Aune, 1954-

2006-01-01

SL Õhtuleht valis välja seitse daami, kes võiksid kandideerida ja saada Eesti Vabariigi presidendiks: Marju Lauristin, Siiri Oviir, Ingrid Rüütel, Ene Ergma, Mari-Ann Kelam, Vilja Savisaar ja Maimu Berg. Avalikkussuhete ja teabekorralduse lektor Aune Past toob välja nende positiivsed küljed ning annab nõu, mis alal võiks iga daam end täiustada

Not all past events are equal: biased attention and emerging heuristics in children's past-to-future forecasting.

Science.gov (United States)

Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen; Sayfan, Liat

2013-01-01

Four- to 10-year-olds and adults (N = 265) responded to eight scenarios presented on an eye tracker. Each trial involved a character who encounters a perpetrator who had previously enacted positive (P), negative (N), or both types of actions toward him or her in varying sequences (NN, PP, PN, and NP). Participants predicted the character's thoughts about the likelihood of future events, emotion type and intensity, and decision to approach or avoid. All ages made more positive forecasts for PP > NP > PN > NN trials, with differentiation by past experience widening with age. Age-related increases in weighting the most recent past event also appeared in eye gaze. Individual differences in biased visual attention correlated with verbal judgments. Findings contribute to research on risk assessment, person perception, and heuristics in judgment and decision making. © 2013 The Authors. Child Development © 2013 Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.

Высокая мода по карману

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2009-01-01

Moodi ja taaskasutust propageeriva projekti ReUse Republic disainiturg Tallinna Kristiine Keskuses. Seismajäänud brändirõivaid disainivad ümber moekunstnikud Kadri Bussov, Mari Martin, Kirill Safonov, Britt Samoson. Projekti looja on Mari Martin

Ruum keha ja kanga vahel / Kati Künsar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Künsar, Kati

2011-01-01

Näitus "Future Beauty : 30 Years of Japanese Fashion" ("Tulevikuilu - 30 aastat jaapani moodi") Londoni Barbicani kunstigaleriis 15.10.2010-6.02.2011, Müncheni Kunstimajas 4.03.-19.06.2011, kuraatorid Fukai Akiko ja Kate Bush

Development of carbon nanotube paste for dye-sensitized solar cells

Science.gov (United States)

Tsuji, Masaya; Sugiyama, Seiichi; Oya, Takahide

2012-09-01

We propose a new type of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) using carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Recently, global warming due to CO2 generated from power plants, cars, and so on has received much attention. Therefore, clean power, e.g., solar power, is gaining in importance. In this study, we focused on a DSC that uses CNTs. Generally, sensitized dyes on semiconducting and metallic electrodes are used for constructing DSCs. In contrast, CNTs have many excellent properties. In particular, they have metallic and semiconducting properties that are used for the electrodes of DSCs. Therefore, we applied CNTs for fabricating a new "painting-type" DSC with semiconducting and metallic electrodes. CNTs are dispersed in water with surfactant to prepare CNT-paste for painting. This resulting CNT-paste has the same properties as a normal CNT. A DSC is comprised of two electrodes. One is a semiconducting electrode with a sensitized dye and another is a metallic one, as mentioned above. We fabricated the two electrodes by painting the CNT-paste onto substrates. Thus, this type of DSC can be applied to various objects, for example, the wall and car and housetop. An electrolyte is required and must be put between the electrodes. The method for fabricating a painting type DSC is very simple. First, two versions of the paste are used. One is a semiconducting CNT-paste that adsorbs a dye and the other is a CNT-paste without a dye. Second, we paint each paste onto two substrates. Finally, the two substrates are stacked. We drip about 10μl of an electrolyte onto the stacked substrates and irradiate them with solar light (1300 W/m2). An electromotive force (EMF) is generated by excited electrons from the dye, which are adsorbed on the semiconducting electrode. The maximum EMF reached about 250 mV and the current reached about 10 μA. These results indicate that the proposed painting-type DSC can be used a new type of solar cell.

Contractor Past Performance - Are We There Yet?

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Guerrero, Juan

2001-01-01

During the United States federal government acquisition reform movement of the 1990s, the government strongly emphasized the use of past performance information to select contractors in federal procurements...

The importance of confronting a colonial, patriarchal and racist past ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The importance of confronting a colonial, patriarchal and racist past in addressing post-apartheid sexual violence. ... It also needs to redress problems of social and economic inequality that exist in South Africa as hangovers from this country's colonial and apartheid-era past. Keywords: Zuma, rape, Kipling, colonialism, ...

Indian power sector: past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Varma, C.V.J.; Lal, P.K.

1994-01-01

In India population and economic growth is expected to create serious power shortages triggering the need for new power generation capacity. The situation is worsened on account of stagnant conditions prevailing in the country during the past few years. The opening of economy to the global market is expected to usher in an increased economic growth bringing in its wake greater demand for power. It will, thus, be seen that to cater these requirements the power sector industry in the country will have to grow at a much faster rate in the near future. However, to have a correct perspective of the emerging scenario, it might be worthwhile to have a look at the past patterns of development. (author). 9 refs., 5 tabs

Effect of Limestone Powder on Acid Attack Characteristics of Cement Pastes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shuhua LIU

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The acid resistance of cement pastes containing limestone powder with two different water-binder (w/b ratios exposed to acetic (pH = 4 and sulfuric acid (pH = 2 solutions respectively were investigated in this paper. Limestone powder, fly ash and silica fume were also added to the cement paste mixture at different proportions. Static and flowing aqueous environments were set in this experiment. Strength and microstructure of the pastes after acid attack were investigated by using strength test, X-ray diffractometer (XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM. The experimental results show that the erosion degree depends not only on pH value of the solution and w/b ratio of the pastes, but also on the content of limestone powder. Acetic acid reacts with calcium hydroxide and carbonate thus dissolving the pastes, while sulfuric acid consumed calcium hydroxide, and generated gypsum and ettringite. The consumption of calcium hydroxide in the flowing solution group is higher than that in the static solution because the flowing sulfuric acid solution has negative effect upon the gypsum crystallization. Fly ash and silica fume are beneficial to limestone cement paste because of the less calcium hydroxide formation, which is among the hydrates vulnerable to acid erosion. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.20.4.6231

Book Review: J. Kelly. Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Book Review: J. Kelly. Rethinking Industrial Relations: Mobilization, Collectivism and Long Waves. K. Moody. Workers in a Lean World: Unions in the International Economy. B. Nissen. Which Direction for Organized Labour? Essays on Organizing, Outreach and Internal Transformation.

Suigu lapsed poseerivad Inglismaa pereajakirjas / Veste Roosaar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Roosaar, Veste, 1960-

2009-01-01

Inglismaal Bornemouthi kunstiinstituudi lõpetanud fotograaf Katrina Tang tegi koos stilisti Natalie Chestermaniga pildiseeria "Tagasi kooli", mis tutvustas Inglismaa moodi eesti laste seljas. Tang pildistas Suigu lapsi, kellede pilte võib näha Inglismaa ajakirja Junior septembrinumbris

Kwashiorkor and Intellectual Development*

African Journals Online (AJOL)

MOODIE AND J. D. L. HANSEN, Departments of Psychology and Paedia-. tT/CS and Child Health, .... bility of dextrose, oxygen, vitamins and cations. Metabolic .... after hospitalization resulted in a loss of 'learning ..... Body hair appeared earlier ...

Effect of olive waste (Husk on behavior of cement paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sharaf Alkheder

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Jordan is a famous country in terms of olive trees agriculture that resulted in a mass production of olive oil products. The huge amounts of olive waste (husk that resulted from olives processing to produce olive oil represent an environmental challenge in the country. The idea in this paper comes to use olive waste as a partial replacement for Portland cement in cement paste to conserve the environment, reduce cement consumption and increase cost efficiency. The wastes were burned properly in an oven and maintained for 6 h until it was fully transformed into ashes. Then, the oven was turned off and ashes were allowed to cool. After cooling, the material passed sieve #200 were used. The sieved ashes were used in the cement mix as a partial cement replacement for making the mortar and cement paste. Normal consistency and setting time were determined as well as soundness, compressive strength. Results indicated that normal consistency of the cement pastes containing different percentage of olive waste is somehow lower than that of the ordinary cement paste and slightly decreases with increasing the percentage. The results also indicated that the compressive strength of hardened blended cement paste containing different percentages of olive waste slightly decrease with olive waste content at 3, 7, and 28 days.

Eisenstein series for infinite-dimensional U-duality groups

Science.gov (United States)

Fleig, Philipp; Kleinschmidt, Axel

2012-06-01

We consider Eisenstein series appearing as coefficients of curvature corrections in the low-energy expansion of type II string theory four-graviton scattering amplitudes. We define these Eisenstein series over all groups in the E n series of string duality groups, and in particular for the infinite-dimensional Kac-Moody groups E 9, E 10 and E 11. We show that, remarkably, the so-called constant term of Kac-Moody-Eisenstein series contains only a finite number of terms for particular choices of a parameter appearing in the definition of the series. This resonates with the idea that the constant term of the Eisenstein series encodes perturbative string corrections in BPS-protected sectors allowing only a finite number of corrections. We underpin our findings with an extensive discussion of physical degeneration limits in D < 3 space-time dimensions.

Influence of potentially lethal temperature and food on the behavior of juvenile chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, under simulated marine conditions. Canadian data report of fisheries and aquatic sciences Number 1040

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Korstrom, J.S.

1998-01-01

This is one of a series of reports that describe results of field and laboratory studies on the effect of heated sea water on juvenile chum salmon. The studies were initiated in response to potential increases in the thermal discharge from BC Hydro's Burrard Generating Station into the marine waters of Port Moody Arm, Burrard Inlet. The report presents results of the first of two 1997 studies, in which the behaviour of chum salmon in response to heated sea water was investigated in the laboratory using a water column simulator that mimicked conditions the fish may encounter in Port Moody Arm. The behaviour of the salmon was examined under controlled conditions during a changing thermal regime and under thermally stratified conditions. The response of the fish to food, their swimming, and school positions were quantified in relation to experimental conditions

Adaptive control of paste drying in spouted bed using the GPC algorithm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Corrêa N.A.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Spouted bed is an equipment reasonable investigated for drying of many and different materials ranging from granules to pastes and suspensions. This work presents an implementation and tests of an advanced control strategy (GPC on a spouted bed dryer. Water was used as the ideal paste for tests. A microcomputer PC-486 type was used to maintain humidity and temperature set points of air in the dryer by manipulating electric power of heat exchanger and paste feed flow rate. An instrumentation was set-up with different sensors, interface and final control elements for the process. The tests were carried out with pure water as ideal paste. Stability and performance analysis of the control strategy were accomplished. A stable controller was obtained which encouraged us to investigate this control strategy in the drying of other pastes too.

The Politics and Sociology of Screening the Past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bondebjerg, Ib

2016-01-01

Heritage cinema and television is closely linked to our existence as members of a national community. Visualising and narrating the past is an important mental and symbolic part of creating that feeling of belonging to a nation. Through collective stories and images of the past such film....... In this article I will trace the development of EU cultural policy and the film and media policy. I will combine this with a focus on the development of film and media policy on a national level through a case study of Danish heritage television productions and the national and transnational dimensions...

Effect of tomato paste and nitrite level on processing and quality characteristics of frankfurters.

Science.gov (United States)

Deda, M S; Bloukas, J G; Fista, G A

2007-07-01

Fourteen treatments of frankfurters (18% fat) were produced with two levels of sodium nitrite, 0 and 150mg/kg (0.015%), and seven levels (0%,2%,6%,8%,12% and 16%) of tomato paste with 12% soluble solids The higher the tomato paste level the higher the preference of consumers for frankfurters based on their colour. Frankfurters with 16% tomato paste had a sour taste while those with 12% tomato paste were the most acceptable. In a 2nd experiment three treatments of frankfurters (18% fat) were produced with 0, 50 and 100mg/kg of sodium nitrite and 12% tomato paste and a fourth (control) with only 150mg/kg sodium nitrite. Treatments with 12% tomato paste had lower (pnitrite, and higher (pnitrite (50 and 100mg/kg) and 12% tomato paste had the highest (pnitrites added to frankfurters can be reduced from 150mg/kg to 100mg/kg in combination with 12% tomato paste without any negative effect on the quality of the product.

On Pauperism in Present and Past

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Breman, J.

2016-01-01

Pauperism and pauperization are widespread phenomena in India both in present and past. While a fierce debate continues on how to draw the line separating the poor from the non-poor, there is hardly any discussion on the huge mass, not less than one-fifth of the population, living in destitution.

Past Is Prologue: The Classics Today.

Science.gov (United States)

Lukes, Alana Karalius

1992-01-01

Stresses the relevance of Greek and Roman cultures and languages to the study of contemporary U.S. culture. Architecture, science, government, drama, mathematics, religion, and music are compared and contrasted. Faculty and students participate in this interdisciplinary approach to develop new awareness of links between past and present cultures.…

A multi-technique investigation of the nanoporosity of cement paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jennings, Hamlin M.; Thomas, Jeffrey J.; Gevrenov, Julia S.; Constantinides, Georgios; Ulm, Franz-Josef

2007-01-01

The nanometer-scale structure of cement paste, which is dominated by the colloidal-scale porosity within the C-S-H gel phase, has a controlling effect on concrete properties but is difficult to study due to its delicate structure and lack of long-range order. Here we present results from three experimental techniques that are particularly suited to analyzing disordered nanoporous materials: small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), weight and length changes during equilibrium drying, and nanoindentation. Particular attention is paid to differences between pastes of different ages and cured at different temperatures. The SANS and equilibrium drying results indicate that hydration of cement paste at 20 deg. C forms a low-density (LD) C-S-H gel structure with a range of gel pore sizes and a relatively low packing fraction of solid particles. This fine structure may persist indefinitely under saturated conditions. However, if the paste is dried or is cured at elevated temperatures (60 deg. C or greater) the structure collapses toward a denser (less porous) and more stable configuration with fewer large gel pores, resulting in a greater amount of capillary porosity. Nanoindentation measurements of pastes cured at different temperatures demonstrate in all cases the existence of two C-S-H structures with different characteristic values of the indentation modulus. The average value of the modulus of the LD C-S-H is the same for all pastes tested to date, and a micromechanical analysis indicates that this value corresponds to the denser and more stable configuration of LD C-S-H. The experimental results presented here are interpreted in terms of a previously proposed quantitative 'colloid' model of C-S-H gel, resulting in an improved understanding of the microstructural changes associated with drying and heat curing

Effect of storage on the pasting characteristics of yam tubers ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Storage of yam tubers is an age long practice in yam growing communities of West Africa, while pasting characteristic is an important indicator of potential utilization of yam tubers. The study was carried out to investigate effect of storage of the tubers on their pasting characteristics. Six varieties each of D. alata and D.

78 FR 77782 - Qualification of Drivers; Exemption Applications; Vision

Science.gov (United States)

2013-12-24

... A. Lawson (KY) Everett H. Logan (OH) Joseph L. Mast (OR) Jesse R. McClary, Sr. (MO) Kevin L. Moody.... Huelster (OK) Roger D. Kloss (IL) Mark D. Kraft (IL) Steven R. Lechtenberg (NE) Thomas W. Markham (MN) Paul...

Characterization of cement paste as engineered barrier of borehole repository

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, Eduardo G.A.; Isiki, Vera L. K.; Miyamoto, Hissae; Marumo, Julio T.; Vicente, Roberto

2009-01-01

Results of axial rupture by compression of cylindrical cement paste samples are presented. This is part of a research on cement paste behavior aiming at investigating the durability of cementitious materials in the environment of repositories for radioactive waste. Portland cement paste is intended to be used as a backfill in a deep borehole for disposal of sealed radiation sources which concept is under development. The service life of the engineered barrier materials plays an important role in the long term safety of such facilities. Accelerated tests in laboratory are being used to evaluate the performance of cement paste under the temperature expected at some hundred meters below grade, under exposure to the radiation emitted by the sources, and under the attack of aggressive chemicals dissolved in the groundwater, during the millennia necessary for the decay of the most active and long-lived radionuclides present in the waste. The large variability in results of mechanical strength as measured by axial compression of cylindrical samples is the subject of this short communication. (author)

FATE OF ENDOSULFAN AND DELTAMETHRIN RESIDUES DURING TOMATO PASTE PRODUCTION

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CIGDEM UYSAL-PALA

2006-12-01

Full Text Available In this study, the effects of tomato paste processing steps on pesticides with active ingredient endosulfan and deltamethrin were investigated in Biga/Canakkale. Residue data were obtained by analyzing samples taken during harvesting, taken after washing and chopping, taken after pulping (pulp and pomace and taken from the tomato paste with GC-ECD. In the process of making tomato paste, washing decreased endosulfan and deltamethrin, 30.62% and 47.58%, respectively. Pre-heating, pulping, evaporation and half-pasteurization increased deltamethrin 2.33% while decreasing endosulfan 66.5% after washing. The whole process decreased endosulfan and deltamethrin, 76.8% and 46.3%, respectively. The residues were mostly collected in pomace.

Color compensation in nitrite-reduced meat batters incorporating paprika or tomato paste.

Science.gov (United States)

Bázan-Lugo, Eduardo; García-Martínez, Ignacio; Alfaro-Rodríguez, Rosa Hayde; Totosaus, Alfonso

2012-06-01

Nitrite is a key ingredient the manufacture of meat products, forming a stable pink color characteristic of cured products, retarding the development of rancidity and off-odors and flavors during storage, and preventing microbial growth. The negative aspects of nitrite and the demands for healthy foods result in the need to reduce nitrite in cured meat products. Paprika or tomato has been employed as natural pigments in meat products. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of incorporating paprika powder or tomato paste on the texture, rancidity and instrumental and sensory color compensation in nitrite-reduced meat batters. Addition of tomato paste improved moisture content, resulting in harder but less cohesive samples as compared to control and paprika-containing meat batters. Color characteristics of reduced nitrite samples obtained higher a* red coloration (8.9 for paprika and 7.7-8.0 for tomato paste), as compared to control samples (5.65). Instrumental color was low in control samples, with high values for tomato paste and paprika samples. Nonetheless, tomato paste used to compensate color in nitrite-reduced meat batters was ranked closer to the control sample in sensory evaluation. Color characteristics-instrumental and sensory-in these kinds of meat products were enhanced by the addition of 2.5-3.0% of tomato paste, presenting results close to the non-reduced nitrite control. Similarly, antioxidant components of tomato paste or paprika reduced lipid oxidation. Nitrite reduction from 150 to 100 ppm could be achieved employing tomato paste as a natural pigment to improve color and texture. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.

Electrochemical characterisation of novel screen-printed carbon paste electrodes for voltammetric measurements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sýs Milan

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This work is focused on the homemade screen-printed carbon paste electrode containing basically graphite powder (or glassy carbon powder, poly(vinylbchloride (PVC and paraffin oil. It compares the electrochemical properties of conventional carbon-based electrodes and prepared screen-printed carbon paste electrodes towards [Fe(CN6]3-/[Fe(CN6]4- and quinone/hydroquinone redox couples. Significant attention is paid to the development of the corresponding carbon inks, printing and the surface characterisation of the resulting electrodes by the scanning electron microscopy. An optimization consisted of the selection of the organic solvent, the optimal content of the used polymer with the chosen paste binder, appropriate isolation of electric contact, etc. Very similar properties of the prepared screen-printed electrodes, containing only corresponding carbon powder and 3 % PVC, with their conventional carbon paste electrode and glassy carbon-based electrodes, were observed during their characterisation. Screen-printed electrodes, with the pasting liquid usually provided satisfactory analytical data. Moreover, they can be used in the flow injection analysis and could undoubtedly replace the carbon paste grooved electrodes. It can be assumed that certain progress in the development of electrode materials was achieved by this research.

Past-focused environmental comparisons promote proenvironmental outcomes for conservatives

Science.gov (United States)

Baldwin, Matthew; Lammers, Joris

2016-01-01

Conservatives appear more skeptical about climate change and global warming and less willing to act against it than liberals. We propose that this unwillingness could result from fundamental differences in conservatives’ and liberals’ temporal focus. Conservatives tend to focus more on the past than do liberals. Across six studies, we rely on this notion to demonstrate that conservatives are positively affected by past- but not by future-focused environmental comparisons. Past comparisons largely eliminated the political divide that separated liberal and conservative respondents’ attitudes toward and behavior regarding climate change, so that across these studies conservatives and liberals were nearly equally likely to fight climate change. This research demonstrates how psychological processes, such as temporal comparison, underlie the prevalent ideological gap in addressing climate change. It opens up a promising avenue to convince conservatives effectively of the need to address climate change and global warming. PMID:27956619

Influence of recycled polystyrene beads on cement paste properties

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maaroufi Maroua

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In order to keep up with the requirements of sustainable development, there is a growing interest towards reducing the energy consumption in the construction and rehabilitation of buildings and the promotion of recycling waste in building materials. The use of recycled polystyrene beads in cement-based materials composition constitutes a solution to improve the insulation in buildings. This allows also limiting landfill by reusing the polystyrene waste. The aim of this study is to compare some properties and performances of a cement paste containing polystyrene beads to a reference paste designed with only the same cement. An experimental campaign was conducted and the obtained results showed that adding recycled polystyrene beads to a cement paste improves its hygro-thermal properties. Further studies are however necessary to better understand the real role of the polystyrene beads in the heat and mass transfers.

Model-based Integration of Past & Future in TimeTravel

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Khalefa, Mohamed E.; Fischer, Ulrike; Pedersen, Torben Bach

2012-01-01

We demonstrate TimeTravel, an efficient DBMS system for seamless integrated querying of past and (forecasted) future values of time series, allowing the user to view past and future values as one joint time series. This functionality is important for advanced application domain like energy....... The main idea is to compactly represent time series as models. By using models, the TimeTravel system answers queries approximately on past and future data with error guarantees (absolute error and confidence) one order of magnitude faster than when accessing the time series directly. In addition...... it to answer approximate and exact queries. TimeTravel is implemented into PostgreSQL, thus achieving complete user transparency at the query level. In the demo, we show the easy building of a hierarchical model index for a real-world time series and the effect of varying the error guarantees on the speed up...

Absent Histories and Absent Images: Photographs, Museums and the Colonial Past

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elizabeth Edwards

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Based on research in a range of UK museums, this paper explores the visibility and invisibility of the photographic legacy of colonial relations and the representation of the colonial past in museum galleries. It explores the conditions of the ‘invisibility’ and ‘disavowal’ of the colonial past in the historical narrative developed by museums, and the anxieties that cluster around such narratives in a postcolonial and multicultural society. The paper argues that the photographic legacy of the colonial past offers a way into those histories, but it is one that can only be realized through the critical engagement with photographs themselves and the work they might be made to do in museums. As an example, it examines the active and complex role of photographs played in the galleries of the British Empire and Commonwealth Museum, Bristol. It concludes that the failure of museums to integrate colonial pasts into their narratives has worked against the wider liberal agendas to which museums subscribe, and that photographic invisibility is both a symptom of and metaphor for the ‘invisibility’ of the colonial past.

COLOR CHARACTERISTICS OF DRIED THREE-COMPONENT FRUIT AND BERRY PASTES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

O. Cherevko

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying are determined. The compositions were prepared on the basis of apples, cranberries, and hawthorn with increased nutrition value and therapeutic and prophylactic properties, according to the suggested recipe. The ratio of the components in the first composition is 60 : 30 : 10, in the second, 65 : 25 : 10, and in the third, 55 : 40 : 5. The resulting compositions were controlled by the control (apple paste. To dry the compositions obtained, it is proposed to use a roller IR dryer based on a flexible resistive film electric heater of emitting type. The prepared paste compositions are reddish-orange according to the color characteristics determined. Color characteristics of dried three-component fruit and berry pastes are also determined. The wavelength of composition 1 is 498 nm, and those of compositions 2 and 3 are 620.5 and 589.4 nm, respectively. The first composition is bluish-purple, with tone purity 34.7 %. Composition 2 is red (34.8 %, composition 3 is bluish-red (34.6 %. The comparison of the color characteristics of compositions of three-component fruit and berry pastes before and after infrared drying as for the brightness and tone purity of the samples indicates a slight change in brightness within 2—6 %. Reduction of the color purity to almost a half is due to the drying shrinkage of the mass of raw materials and obtaining a visual color of the compositions that is attractive for a consumer. According to the results of expert evaluation of the quality indices of dried three-component fruit and berry paste compositions, a certain advantage is determined of the dried composition with the following ratio of components in the recipe: apple, cranberry, hawthorn — 60 : 30 : 10 (composition 1. The suggested compositions of dried three-component fruit and berry paste are recommended for use in food rations

Light water reactor safety. Past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sehgal, Bal Raj

2009-01-01

This paper presents a review of the past, present and possible future developments in light water reactor (LWR) safety. The paper divides the past into two periods: the distant past i.e., before the TMI-2 accident when the main concern was with the design basis, the general design criteria, the concept of the defense in depth, the thermal hydraulics of the large loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and the success of the emergency core cooling system (ECCS), and the near past, i.e., after the TMI-2 accident when the main concern was with the physics of the postulated severe accidents: their prevention and mitigation. The present period is chosen as the translation of the research on the design basis and severe accidents into practical designs of Gen III+ with their core catchers and severe accident management (SAM) strategies, which could, in fact, provide ample assurances of public safety even for very severe accidents. The paper attempts to describe the remaining safety issues for both the Gen II and Gen III+ nuclear plants. The more important safety challenges are being posed by the recent moves of (1) extension of the life of the presently installed Gen II LWRs to 60 years (and perhaps to 80 years) and (2) the large uprates in power that are being sought for the Gen II LWRs. Clearly, the safety margins will be tested by these moves of long extended operations with greater power ratings of the Gen II plants. A prognosis of the emerging development trends in the LWR safety has been attempted with some suggestions. (author)

Edu ja raskused käsikäes / Kenneth Orchard

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Orchard, Kenneth

2007-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Delovõje Vedomosti 11. juuli lk. 8. Reitinguagentuur Moody's analüütik näeb Eesti seni edukas majandusarengus tasakaalustamatuse ning ülekuumenemise märke ning peab euro kasutuselevõttu aastal 2011 ebatõenäoliseks

Sources and methods to reconstruct past masting patterns in European oak species.

Science.gov (United States)

Szabó, Péter

2012-01-01

The irregular occurrence of good seed years in forest trees is known in many parts of the world. Mast year frequency in the past few decades can be examined through field observational studies; however, masting patterns in the more distant past are equally important in gaining a better understanding of long-term forest ecology. Past masting patterns can be studied through the examination of historical written sources. These pose considerable challenges, because data in them were usually not recorded with the aim of providing information about masting. Several studies examined masting in the deeper past, however, authors hardly ever considered the methodological implications of using and combining various source types. This paper provides a critical overview of the types of archival written that are available for the reconstruction of past masting patterns for European oak species and proposes a method to unify and evaluate different types of data. Available sources cover approximately eight centuries and can be put into two basic categories: direct observations on the amount of acorns and references to sums of money received in exchange for access to acorns. Because archival sources are highly different in origin and quality, the optimal solution for creating databases for past masting data is a three-point scale: zero mast, moderate mast, good mast. When larger amounts of data are available in a unified three-point-scale database, they can be used to test hypotheses about past masting frequencies, the driving forces of masting or regional masting patterns.

Coastlines of the past: clues for our future

Science.gov (United States)

Reynolds, L.

2017-12-01

Coastlines are constantly evolving due to the long-term effects of sea-level change and human impacts, as well as in response to high-impact, short duration hazard events such as storms, tsunamis, and earthquakes. The sediments that accumulate in coastal systems such as estuaries, dunes, and beaches archieve the enviornmental record of the past, providing us a baseline with which to predict future coastal hazard magnitude and recurrence intervals. We study this record to understand future hazard potential, as well as to aid restoration efforts. Many coastal systems around the world have been degraded in the last few hundred years by human activity- these regions are important breeding grounds for commercially viable species, natural pollution filters, and barriers against inundation. Efforts to restore coastal systems often rely on data from historical sources to reconstruct past coastal conditions-the geological record can extend the timeframe with which we think about possible restoration points. In addition, studying past coastal response to enviornmental changes can aid the effort to restore systems to a point of sustainability and resilience instead of simply restoring to an arbirtary point in time.

Changes in antioxidant and metabolite profiles during production of tomato paste

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Capanoglu, E.; Beekwilder, M.J.; Boyacioglu, D.; Hall, R.D.; Vos, de C.H.

2008-01-01

Tomato products and especially concentrated tomato paste are important sources of antioxidants in the Mediterranean diet. Tomato fruit contain well-known antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The industrial processing of this fruit into tomato paste

1-ethanone modified carbon paste electrode

African Journals Online (AJOL)

a

7.00) in cyclic voltammetry, the oxidation of L-cysteic acid at the surface of 4FEPEMCPE is occurred at a potential about 220 mV less positive than that an unmodified carbon paste electrode. The kinetic parameters such as electron transfer coefficient, α, and catalytic reaction rate constant, K/ h, were also determined using.

Magnetohydrodynamic flow past a circular cylinder

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Swarup, S.; Sinha, P.C.

1977-01-01

This paper deals with the slow-flow problem of an incompressible, viscous, electrically conducting fluid past a circular cylinder in an alignment magnetic field. The solutions for the velocity and magnetic fields as sought by the method of matched asymptotic expansions under the assumptions R,Rsub(m) 2 ) and O(R/log M), respectively. (Auth.)

Cut and paste pictures in surrealism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Todić Milanka

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Proceeding from the idea of the readymade, Marko Ristić’s, Vane Bor’s and Dušan Matić’s collages regroup readymade pictorial and textual matrices according to the rules of free associative syntax. Everything that they collected cut out and pasted bears the hallmark of personal choice, i.e. objective chance, as the Surrealists would say. In the new structure of the collage, picture and text were of equal importance. However, we should not forget that both picture and text were only fragments, of different origin so that they could not function as autonomous elements in their own right nor could they establish logical interlinks. Cut and paste picture in Surrealism are primarily registered as visual wholes, in which the former principle of harmony has been substituted by the principle of discontinuity. In fact, they do not aspire to establish closed and unambiguous semantic structures either on a single paper or within a cycle, disregarding as they do conventional narrative and illustrative order in representing reality.

Compostagem aeróbia conjugada de lodo de tanque séptico e resíduos sólidos vegetais Conjugated aerobic composting of septic tank sludge and vegetable solid waste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

André Gustavo da Silva

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O lodo sanitário, principal subproduto do tratamento de esgotos, constitui um dos maiores problemas ambientais urbanos da atualidade. Em meio a este contexto, objetivou-se nesse estudo avaliar o processo da compostagem conjugada de lodo de tanque séptico (LS e resíduos sólidos vegetais (RV e determinar a importância da temperatura para o processo de sanitização do substrato tratado. O experimento, inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e três repetições, consistiu de nove reatores aeróbios com 100 litros de capacidade. Os resíduos foram utilizados nas seguintes proporções - T1: 100% RV; T2: 5% LS + 95% RV; T3: 10% LS + 90% RV. A compostagem aeróbia conjugada mostrou ser uma alternativa viável para destruição de ovos de helminto e estabilização dos resíduos, sendo fundamentais para tal, a temperatura, o pH e as relações ecológicas presentes nos reatores.The sanitary sludge, principal byproduct of sewage treatment, constitutes one of the major municipal environmental problems of the present time. The present study was aimed to evaluate the composting of septic tank sludge (SS and vegetable solid waste (VW and to determine the importance of the temperature for the process of sanitization of the treated substrate. The experiment, entirely randomized with three treatments and three repetitions, constituted of nine aerobic reactors with 100 L capacity. The proportions of the wastes utilized were T1: 100%VW; T2: 5%SS + 95%VW; T3: 10%SS + 90%VW. The conjugated composting showed to be a feasible alternative for destruction of helminth eggs and stabilization of the wastes. The temperature, pH and ecological relations present in the reactors were fundamental for this purpose.

The equation of state of polymers. Part III: Relation with the compensation law.

Science.gov (United States)

Rault, Jacques

2017-09-01

The properties of amorphous polymers and of organic compounds under pressure are interpreted in the framework of the modified Van der Walls Equation of State (mVW-EOS) the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamann (VFT) law and of the compensation law. We have shown recently that polymers and organic compounds in amorphous liquid and crystalline states verify the mVW-EOS which depends on three parameters, [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. In this paper we compare the characteristic pressure [Formula: see text] of the mVW-EOS to the various pressures [Formula: see text] deduced from thermodynamic and kinetic properties of polymers in the liquid and solid states. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are: a) the enthalpy and volume change at the melting and glass transitions (the glass being isotropic or oriented and annealed below [Formula: see text] at various aging conditions); b) the activation parameters of individual [Formula: see text] and cooperative [Formula: see text] motions in crystalline liquid and amorphous polymers studied by dielectric or mechanical spectroscopy; and c) the activation parameters of amorphous (solid and liquid) polymers submitted to a deformation depending on the time frequency temperature and strain rate. For a same material, whatever its state and whatever the experimental properties analyzed (dielectric and mechanical relaxation, viscosity, auto-diffusion, yielding under hydrostatic pressure), we demonstrate that [Formula: see text], ([Formula: see text] Grüneisen parameter, [Formula: see text] compressibility). In all polymers and organic compounds (and water), these pressures, weakly dependent on T and P near [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at low pressure are characteristic of the H-H inter-molecular interactions. It is shown that the two empirical Lawson and Keyes relations of the compensation law can be deduced from the mVW-EOS.

Consumptive water footprint and virtual water trade scenarios for China - With a focus on crop production, consumption and trade.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhuo, La; Mekonnen, Mesfin M; Hoekstra, Arjen Y

2016-09-01

The study assesses green and blue water footprints (WFs) and virtual water (VW) trade in China under alternative scenarios for 2030 and 2050, with a focus on crop production, consumption and trade. We consider five driving factors of change: climate, harvested crop area, technology, diet, and population. Four scenarios (S1-S4) are constructed by making use of three of IPCC's shared socio-economic pathways (SSP1-SSP3) and two of IPCC's representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) and taking 2005 as the baseline year. Results show that, across the four scenarios and for most crops, the green and blue WFs per tonne will decrease compared to the baseline year, due to the projected crop yield increase, which is driven by the higher precipitation and CO2 concentration under the two RCPs and the foreseen uptake of better technology. The WF per capita related to food consumption decreases in all scenarios. Changing to the less-meat diet can generate a reduction in the WF of food consumption of 44% by 2050. In all scenarios, as a result of the projected increase in crop yields and thus overall growth in crop production, China will reverse its role from net VW importer to net VW exporter. However, China will remain a big net VW importer related to soybean, which accounts for 5% of the WF of Chinese food consumption (in S1) by 2050. All scenarios show that China could attain a high degree of food self-sufficiency while simultaneously reducing water consumption in agriculture. However, the premise of realizing the presented scenarios is smart water and cropland management, effective and coherent policies on water, agriculture and infrastructure, and, as in scenario S1, a shift to a diet containing less meat. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A European Comparative Approach to Studying AV Representations of the Past

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hagedoorn, Berber

2016-01-01

Television is a significant mediator of past and historical events in modern media systems. In this paper, I present results from my dissertation Doing History, Creating Memory: Representing the Past in Documentary and Archive-Based Television Programmes within a Multi-Platform Landscape (defended

Past and present vegetation ecology of Laetoli, Tanzania.

Science.gov (United States)

Andrews, Peter; Bamford, Marion

2008-01-01

We are attempting to set up a new protocol for palaeoecological reconstruction in relation to the fossil hominin site Laetoli, Tanzania. This is based on the premise that habitat variability in the past was at least as great as at present; that this variability at the landscape level is a function of variations in geology, soils, and topography rather than climate; and that vegetation type at the landscape level can be reconstructed from these environmental variables. Measurable variation in climate in tropical Africa today occurs over distances of at least 100 km, so that ranges of habitat variation within the limited area of Laetoli today can be reconstructed in relation to soils and topography, and the effects of climate changes are then estimated in relation to these other factors. In order to document the modern vegetation, we have made voucher collections of plants in the Laetoli region, recorded distributions of plants by habitat, climate, soil, and topography, and mapped the vegetation distributions. Results show that areas of low relief have soils with impeded drainage and dense Acacia drepanolobium woodland, having low canopies when disturbed by human action, higher when not; shallow brown soils on volcanic lavas have four woodland associations, two dominated by Acacia species, two by Combretum-Albizia species; shallow volcanic soils to the east have a woodland association with Croton-Dombeya-Albizia species; elevated land to the east on volcanic soils has two associations of montane-edge species, one with Croton-Celtis-Lepidotrichilia, and the other with Acacia lahai; the eastern highlands above 2,750 m have montane forest; seasonal water channels flowing from east to west have three Acacia riverine woodland associations; three deep valleys to the north of the area have dense riverine woodland with Celtis, Albizia, Euclea, Combretum, Acacia spp.; emergence of springs at Endulen feed a perennial stream with closed gallery forest with Ficus

Constructive Memory: Past and Future

OpenAIRE

Schacter, Daniel L.

2012-01-01

Human memory is not a literal reproduction of the past, but instead relies on constructive processes that are sometimes prone to error and distortion. Understanding of constructive memory has accelerated during recent years as a result of research that has linked together its cognitive and neural bases. This article focuses on three aspects of constructive memory that have been the target of recent research: (i) the idea that certain kinds of memory distortions reflect the operation of adapti...

Remembrance of Things Past: Somali Roads to Police Development

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice Hills

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Police reform is thought to require a police force to break with its past. This is notably so in the aftermath of conflict or regime change. In practice, however, most police forces are selectively reconstituted, and their development is influenced as much by legacy issues as by international standards filtered through local norms. This article uses the experience of Somalia’s three regional police forces to reconsider the relationship between past and present projects to build police authority and capacity, and what this says about institutional memory in the absence of documentation. In Somalia, as in other clan or tribal-based societies, police development is influenced by a blend of security levels, political imperatives, pragmatism, international resources and memories of past practices, with group experience playing a more significant role than institutional memory. The only identifiable general principle is the need for political settlements and tactical flexibility – that is, for stability.

Influence of spraying on the early hydration of accelerated cement pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salvador, Renan P.; Cavalaro, Sergio H.P.; Cano, Miguel; Figueiredo, Antonio D.

2016-01-01

In practice, most of the studies about the interaction between cement and accelerators is performed with hand-mixed pastes. However, in many applications mixing occurs through spraying, which may affect accelerators reactivity and the microstructure of the hardened paste. The objective of this study is to analyze how the mixing process influences the early hydration of accelerated cement pastes. Isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and SEM imaging were performed on cement pastes produced by hand-mixing and by spraying, using equivalent doses of an alkali-free and an alkaline accelerator and two types of cement. Results showed a great influence of the spraying process on the reactivity of accelerators and on the morphology of the precipitated hydrates. Variations in hydration kinetics caused by the mixing method are explained and the results obtained might have a significant repercussion on how future research on the behavior of accelerated mixes will be performed.

A Bittersweet Past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ravn Sørensen, Anders; Korsager, Ellen Mølgaard; Heller, Michael

2018-01-01

” to capture the historically contingent downside potentially associated with corporate heritage brands. We use the Danish consumer-cooperative COOP as an exemplary corporate heritage brand whose heritage has become historically balanced at the threshold between asset and liability. Based on a longitudinal......In this article, we call for increased focus on the historicity of corporate heritage brands, emphasizing that perceptions of the past in the present do change as time goes by. Building on the idea of corporate brand historicity, we introduce the notion of “Negative Heritage Brand Equity...... analysis of COOP’s heritage, we demonstrate how the entwinement of the company’s corporate heritage brand and Danish culture and identity worked to the benefit of COOP in some historical epochs but have become increasingly misaligned with its political and cultural-economic environment since the 1980s...

Neural Correlates of Reflection on Present and Past Selves in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Cygan, Hanna B; Marchewka, Artur; Kotlewska, Ilona; Nowicka, Anna

2018-06-05

Previous studies indicate that autobiographical memory is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Successful recollection of information referring to one's own person requires the intact ability to re-activate representation of the past self. In the current fMRI study we investigated process of conscious reflection on the present self, the past self, and a close-other in the ASD and typically developing groups. Significant inter-group differences were found in the Past-Self condition. In individuals with ASD, reflection on the past self was associated with additional engagement of the posterior cingulate and posterior temporal structures. We hypothesize that this enhanced activation of widely distributed neural network reflects substantial difficulties in processes of reflection on one's own person in the past.

FMRI of past tense processing: the effects of phonological complexity and task difficulty.

Science.gov (United States)

Desai, Rutvik; Conant, Lisa L; Waldron, Eric; Binder, Jeffrey R

2006-02-01

The generation of regular and irregular past tense verbs has been an important issue in cognitive science and has been used to advance different models of the organization of language in the brain. The dual-system view holds that the regular past tense forms are generated by a rule while irregular forms are retrieved from memory. The single-system view, on the other hand, holds that both forms are generated by a single integrated system and differ only in their reliance on factors such as phonology and semantics. We conducted an event-related fMRI study to examine the activation patterns associated with the generation and reading of regular and irregular past tense forms, in addition to the reading of their stems. Regular and irregular past tense generation activated similar brain regions compared to the reading of their respective stems. The areas activated more for irregular generation compared to regular generation included inferior frontal, precentral, and parietal regions bilaterally. This activation can be interpreted as reflecting the greater attentional and response selection demands of irregular generation. Compared to irregular generation, regular generation activated a small region in the left superior temporal gyrus when the regular and irregular past tense forms were mismatched on phonological complexity. No areas were more activated for regulars than irregulars when the past tense forms were matched on this variable. This suggests that the activation specific to regulars was related to the higher phonological complexity of their past tense forms rather than to their generation. A contrast of the reading of regular and irregular past tense forms was consistent with this hypothesis. These results support a single-system account of past tense generation.

Sacrificial Paste for Fabrication of Ceramic Materials by Layer-By-Layer Method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Falkowski P.

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of the work was to develop a sacrificial paste suitable for securing channels during shaping of ceramic materials with internal structures via combination of tape casting and soft lithography. Poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether and polyethylene glycols with different molecular weight were selected as a main components of a sacrificial paste due to their compatibility to UV curable dispersion. The research shows that sacrificial paste should be characterized by proper melting point. This goal was achieved by using a composition of PEG600 with 15wt.%PEG20000 and 10wt.% carbon. The invented sacrificial paste solidify beyond 27°C (melting point. After heating up to 80°C the viscosity of paste is low enough and easily fills the channels with diameter of 150-300μm. What is more, the operational time during free cooling from 80°C to solidification is around 8 minutes what gives enough time for application. Carbon was added as a modifier of rheological properties and as a black dye that helps in visual evaluation of a degree of filling channel. The first test proved that proposed method of preparation of ceramic samples with application of invented sacrificial paste is reliable and can be practically applied.

Past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jones, P.M.S.

1987-01-01

The development of nuclear power over the past 40 years is outlined, with reactor and fuel cycle choice, opposition, non-proliferation, cost escalation and industrial development all being considered briefly. The current (1986) situation is summarized and future prospects for nuclear power considered in the light of energy demand, public acceptability (especially following accidents), and the nuclear technology now available, including radioactive waste management. The alternatives for producing electricity are discussed. These include buying from other producers, or generating oneself, using nuclear power plants or non-nuclear plants. If nuclear power is chosen then the type of plant to be used is considered. Waste disposal is mentioned briefly. (U.K.)

Taming the Gypsy: How French Romantics Recaptured a Past

OpenAIRE

Carter, Elizabeth Lee

2014-01-01

In this dissertation, I examine the evolution of the Gypsy trope in Romantic French literature at a time when nostalgia became a powerful aesthetic and political tool used by varying sides of an ideological war. Long considered a transient outsider who did not view time or privilege the past in the same way Europeans did, the Gypsy, I argue, became a useful way for France's writers to contain and tame the transience they felt interrupted nostalgia's attempt to recapture a lost past. My wo...

Knowledge management and leadership: the carbon emissions scandal in the automobile industry

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Tomé

2017-02-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses the Volkswagen scandal from a KM point of view. We use a KM framework of analysis basing ourselves in the concept of Knowledge failures. We describe the VW case of management and then analyse it from the point of view of KM. We conclude that in the VW case on carbon emissions a massive operation of KM existed, that some consider to be a success, despite the consequences, and others see as a failure. We discuss the conditions that allowed it to happen and how to prevent it in the future. We also discuss the implications of the scandal to the societies it involves and in particularly to the Economies of Central Europe.

Corrosion and mass transfer of ferrous alloys in Pb-17 at. % Li

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tortorelli, P.F.

1988-01-01

Long term exposures of type 316 stainless and Fe--12Cr--1MoVW steels to thermally convective Pb-17 at. % Li demonstrated the aggressiveness of this environment, the greater corrosion susceptibility of the austenitic stainless steel, the constancy of the Fe--12Cr surface composition, and the applicability of a surface destabilization model. Cold work affected the penetration of type 316 stainless steel. Deposition in the type 316 stainless steel system appeared to be influenced by the effectiveness of nucleation and/or adhesion of deposits. In the Fe--12Cr--1MoVW steel loop, solubility-driven reactions appeared to be the most important process in deposition. 13 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab

Archaeological sites along the Gujarat coast: Proxies to decipher the past shoreline

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Vora, K.H.; Gaur, A; Sundaresh

on northwestern Saurashtra coast presents a classical case of shoreline shift in recent past. The paper discusses the archaeological evidences to decipher the past shoreline of the Saurashtra region...

Sensory shelf-life limiting factor of high hydrostatic pressure processed avocado paste.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacobo-Velázquez, D A; Hernández-Brenes, C

2011-08-01

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing pasteurizes avocado paste without a significant impact on flavor. Although HHP-treated avocado paste stored under refrigeration is safe for human consumption for months, sensory changes taking place during storage cause the rejection of the product by consumers within days. Although it is known that the shelf life of the product ends before its microbial counts are high, its sensory shelf life limiting factor remains unknown. The present study focused on the use of a trained panel and a consumer panel to determine the sensory shelf life limiting factor of HHP-treated avocado paste. The trained panel identified sour and rancid flavors as the main sensory descriptors (critical descriptors) that differentiated stored from freshly processed samples. Further data obtained from consumers identified sour flavor as the main cause for a significant decrease in the acceptability (shelf life limiting factor) of refrigerated HHP-treated avocado paste. The study allowed the elucidation of a proposed deterioration mechanism for HHP-treated avocado paste during its refrigerated shelf life. The information through this work enhances scientific knowledge of the product and proposes the sour flavor development during storage as a relevant sensory attribute that needs to be improved in order to enhance the product shelf life. At present, HHP is the most effective commercial nonthermal technology to process avocado paste when compared to thermal and chemical alternatives. HHP-treated avocado paste is a microbiologically stable food for a period of at least 45 d stored under refrigeration. However, previous published work indicated that consumers rejected the product after approximately 19 d of storage due to sensory changes. This manuscript presents a sensory study that permitted the identification of the critical sensory descriptor that is acting as the sensory shelf life limiting factor of the product. The data presented herein along with

Two dimensional conformal supergravity and critical behavior

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdalla, E.; Abdalla, M.C.B.; Zadra, A.

1988-01-01

A recent construction of Z-D gravity is generalized to the supersymmetric case. Anomalous dimensions are found. A super Kac-Moody SL (Z,R) algebra is obtained as a starting point using the anomaly equation for the graviton/gravitino system. (authors) [pt

Eesti interjöörileiud

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Tutvustatakse Ameerika moodi Mack-restorani Tartu maanteel - sisearhitekt Hillar Mänd koostöös restorani juhi Paul Lepikuga ja Arensburgi hotelli Kuressaares - arhitekt Margit Kärner koostöös Raivo Kotovi ja Lea Laidraga, sisearhitektid Liis Murula ja Raili Paling

Vilve Undi 50 kleiti / Eda Allikmaa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Allikmaa, Eda, 1961-

2006-01-01

Eesti Kunstiakadeemia moeosakonna juhataja professor Vilve Unt meenutab Eesti viimase 50 aasta moelugu näitusega "50 kleiti" Eesti Tarbekunsti- ja disainimuuseumis, tähistades nõnda oma esimest juubelit. Lisaks tema kommentaarid, iseloomustamaks erinevate aastakümnete moodi (1961,1971, 1981)

V tshom võiti na Pikadilli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Näitus "Kaks sajandit briti moodi" Kremli Muuseumis Moskvas. Eksponeeritakse kostüüme, aksessuaare ja kanganäiteid 17.-19. sajandi Inglismaalt. Eksponaadid on Londoni Victoria ja Alberti Muuseumist. Kangamustrite näidete autor on Londoni 18. sajandi tekstiilikunstnik Anna Maria Garthwaite

Po kanalu TBTs pokazhut film o "Vaffen-SS"

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Vene filmistuudio Treti Rim on tootnud lätivastase ajaloolise dokumentaali-propagandafilmi Teisest Maailmasõjast "Natslus Balti moodi" ("Natsizm po pribaltiski"). Filmi näitab täna Vene telekanal TVT, andes siiski võimaluse eetris esineda Läti Venemaa suursaadikule Andris Teikmanisele

Assessing the suitability of paste as a medium for plant growth

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng Yongsheng; Sinclair, L.; Fung, Y.P.

1999-01-01

When a polymer is added to the tailings slurry in the extraction process in oil sands refining, it accelerates the release of water and forms a consolidated, dense material known as 'paste.' This material has a solids content of approximately 65% by weight, 30% of which is made up of fine particles. A study was initiated to explore the possibility of using paste as a plant growth medium in which the paste must hold water and nutrients for growth while allowing adequate water movement and aeration. To also attain a favorable soil structure, it was thought that amending the paste with an adequate amount of peat would improve its physical and chemical properties such as to render it a suitable soil environment for plant growth. The study was a growth chamber experiment in which the effects were assessed of peat amendments on seed germination, and a greenhouse experiment in which the growth of three selected plant species were determined, including highlander grass, jack pine, and trembling aspen. Paste has the potential to be modified into a suitable plant growth medium. Adding peat can greatly enhance seed germination, and seedling survival and growth. There seemed to be some improvement in plant performance as the amount of peat included increased from 5% to 10%. Increasing the amount of peat still further to 15% had at best marginal incremental effects. The optimum amount of peat amendment was around 10%. Of the three plant types tested, highlander grass performed the best on the paste material amended with peat, showing performance comparable to the control. Trembling aspen grew relatively well but the survival rate was low. If the seedlings survived the first few weeks, the potential for continued growth seemed good. Jack pine showed signs of stress such as needle damage, stunted growth and low survival rates and seemed unlikely to establish well even on the peat amended paste. 1 ref., 4 tabs., 2 figs

Statistical guidelines for detecting past population shifts using ancient DNA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mourier, Tobias; Ho, Simon Y. W.; Gilbert, Tom

2012-01-01

Populations carry a genetic signal of their demographic past, providing an opportunity for investigating the processes that shaped their evolution. Our ability to infer population histories can be enhanced by including ancient DNA data. Using serial-coalescent simulations and a range of both...... quantitative and temporal sampling schemes, we test the power of ancient mitochondrial sequences and nuclear single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to detect past population bottlenecks. Within our simulated framework, mitochondrial sequences have only limited power to detect subtle bottlenecks and/or fast...... results provide useful guidelines for scaling sampling schemes and for optimizing our ability to infer past population dynamics. In addition, our results suggest that many ancient DNA studies may face power issues in detecting moderate demographic collapses and/or highly dynamic demographic shifts when...

Virtual worlds as a tool to facilitate weight management for young people.

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, Michael; Taylor, Dave; Kulendran, Myutan; Gately, Paul; Darzi, Ara

Childhood obesity is a serious problem in the UK, with around 20% of children aged 10-11 being overweight or obese. Lifestyle interventions can be effective, but there is limited evidence of their effectiveness in delivering sustained weight loss. The present research explored potential of web-based, 3-dimensional virtual worlds (VWs) for facilitation of weight-management, well-being and patient and public involvement (PPI) for young people. Attendees of a weight management camp took part in induction sessions for use of the VW of Second Life. All participants successfully learned how to interact with one another and navigate the virtual environment. Participant appraisals of Second Life were varied. Some found it complicated and difficult to use, and some found it fun and the majority stated that they would choose to use VWs again. There is considerable potential for use of VWs to promote weight management, and Second Life or a similar VW could be used to deliver this. Potential barriers include members of the target sample having limited access to computers with necessary system requirements for running VWs, and that some may find VW-based educational experiences unappealing or challenging to navigate. For some however, VWs may provide a useful mode for provision of education, PPI and support relating to weight management.

Evaluation of anaerobic digestates from different feedstocks as growth media for Tetradesmus obliquus, Botryococcus braunii, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Arthrospira maxima.

Science.gov (United States)

Massa, Marina; Buono, Silvia; Langellotti, Antonio Luca; Castaldo, Luigi; Martello, Anna; Paduano, Antonello; Sacchi, Raffaele; Fogliano, Vincenzo

2017-05-25

In this paper, two freshwater microalgae (Tetradesmus obliquus and Botryococcus braunii), a marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) and a photosynthetic cyanobacterium (Arthrospira maxima) were investigated for their ability to grow on liquid digestates (LDs). Three LDs were obtained from anaerobic digestion of different organic wastes: zootechnical (ZW LD), vegetable biomass (VW LD) and the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MW LD). All the strains showed the same growth performance on VW LD as on the respective standard media (SM), while ZW LD was efficient only for growth of T. obliquus and B. braunii. MW LD was the poorest growth medium for all the strains. Data on nutrient removal efficiency showed that A. maxima and T. obliquus made the best use of NH 4 + -N with removal values ranging between 98.9-99.8%, while P. tricornutum and B. braunii showed values of 79.0 and 88.5% respectively. Applying repeated batch cultivation in photobioreactors, the biochemical composition of A. maxima and T. obliquus biomass grown on ZW LD and VW LD, showed an increase of lipid, carbohydrates and ash in both microalgae. Biomass biochemical profiles suggest possible applications in feed, chemicals and energy sectors. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Vascular Wall-Resident Multipotent Stem Cells of Mesenchymal Nature within the Process of Vascular Remodeling: Cellular Basis, Clinical Relevance, and Implications for Stem Cell Therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Klein, Diana

2016-01-01

Until some years ago, the bone marrow and the endothelial cell compartment lining the vessel lumen (subendothelial space) were thought to be the only sources providing vascular progenitor cells. Now, the vessel wall, in particular, the vascular adventitia, has been established as a niche for different types of stem and progenitor cells with the capacity to differentiate into both vascular and nonvascular cells. Herein, vascular wall-resident multipotent stem cells of mesenchymal nature (VW-MPSCs) have gained importance because of their large range of differentiation in combination with their distribution throughout the postnatal organism which is related to their existence in the adventitial niche, respectively. In general, mesenchymal stem cells, also designated as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), contribute to the maintenance of organ integrity by their ability to replace defunct cells or secrete cytokines locally and thus support repair and healing processes of the affected tissues. This review will focus on the central role of VW-MPSCs within vascular reconstructing processes (vascular remodeling) which are absolute prerequisite to preserve the sensitive relationship between resilience and stability of the vessel wall. Further, a particular advantage for the therapeutic application of VW-MPSCs for improving vascular function or preventing vascular damage will be discussed.

Fetal dose reduction in head and neck radiotherapy of a pregnant woman

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Moeckli, R.; Pache, G.; Valley, J.F.; Ozsahin, M.; Mirimanoff, R.O.; Azria, D.

2004-01-01

Background and purpose: a pregnant woman was referred for post-operative radiotherapy of a malignant schwannoma in the head and neck region. A best-treatment plan was devised in order to minimize the fetal dose. Material and methods: the fetal dose resulting from radiological examinations was determined according to international protocols, that resulting from radiotherapy was calculated according to recommendation 36 of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group. Pre-treatment dosimetry was performed with an anthropomorphic phantom. Several alternative treatment plans were evaluated. The use of a multileaf collimator (MLC) and a virtual wedge (VW) was compared to cerrobend blocks (CB) and physical wedge (PW). In-vivo dosimetry was performed using a vaginal probe containing thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). Results: the total fetal dose resulting from diagnostic and radiotherapy procedures was estimated to be 36 mGy. The technique based on MLC and VW was elected for patient treatment. Measurements for this configuration resulted in a fetal dose reduction of 82%. The shielding of the patient's abdomen further reduced the fetal dose by 42%. Conclusion: the use of VW and MLC for the treatment of a pregnant woman is highly recommended. Each case should be individually studied with pre-treatment and in-vivo dosimetry. (orig.)

Mis/MOODI kannab ühiskond? / Jaanus Vahtra

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vahtra, Jaanus, 1974-

1998-01-01

Moe ja ühiskonna suhetest, olukorrast praeguses Eestis, ebaloomulikult teravdatud tähelepanust moe vastu meie meedias. Teemad : Mood ja teised kunstid. Mood ja kood. Väärtuste teadvustamine. Enesemääratlus ja kood. Meedia ja eneseteadvus.

Sõnavabaduse dogma Hollandi moodi / Kaspar Näf

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Näf, Kaspar

2008-01-01

Šveitsi ajaloolane ja ajakirjanik leiab Hollandi parlamendisaadiku Geert Wildersi islami-vastase filmi ja ENPA endise presidendi Rene van der Lindeni arvamusavaldustega seoses, et kui sõnavabadus ja arvamuse väljendamine on eesmärk iseenesest, siis on see eriti neil juhtudel absurdne, kui seab teisi inimesi ohtu

Uut moodi Teine maailmasõda / Kaisa Karu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Karu, Kaisa

2009-01-01

Teise maailmasõja 70. aastapäevaks valminud kuueosalise doksarja "Apokalüpsis: WWII", (National Geographic, režissöör Isabelle Clarke, stsenaristid Henri de Turenne ja Daniel Costelle) filmimispaikades

Kalevipoeg ja Mumm-Summ VAT Teatri moodi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

VAT Teatris esietendub 5. dets. M. Kampuse lavastatud jõuluetendus "Lihtsalt ... Mesilane" C. Vogli lugude "Väike mesilane Mumm-Summ" ainetel. VAT Teatri ja Markus Zohneri koostööprojektina esietendus 30. nov. Tallinna Linnateatris rahvuseepose "Kalevipoeg" motiividel loodud M. Zohneri lavaversioon

Gorecki: Euntes Ibant et Flebant / Ivan Moody

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Moody, Ivan

1994-01-01

Uuest heliplaadist "Gorecki: Euntes Ibant et Flebant, Op. 32. Totus tuus, Op. 60. Amen, Op. 35; Pärt, Arvo: Magnificat. Summa; Travener, John: The Annunciation a. o. Oxford Musica Singers / Michael Smedley" Proud Sound CD PROUCD 136

451° Fahrenheiti Eesti moodi / Tiina Tammer

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tammer, Tiina, 1960-

2013-01-01

451° Fahrenheiti on temperatuur, mille juures paber süttib ja põleb. Eestis üle aasta toimunud klaperjaht raamatute, raamatukogude ja kirjastajate ümber paneb küsima: kes tõmbab lõpuks tikku ja süütab esimese raamatu? Autor otsib küsimusele vastuseid

Kahtlaste provokaatorite paraad Moskva moodi / Kaarel Kaas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaas, Kaarel, 1978-

2006-01-01

Vt. ka Postimees : na russkom jazõke 9. okt. lk. 10. Katari pealinnas Dohas 2004. aastal toimunud Tšetšeenia endise presidendi Zelimhan Janbarbijevi pommiplahvatusega tapmise tagamaadest ja Venemaa luureagentide arreteerimisest. Gruusias lahvatanud spiooniskandaali ja Doha plahvatuse puhul toimunud sarnased reageeringud Venemaal. Gruusia võimud seostavad Vene luureorganisatsiooni grusiinide grupiga, kes olevat valmistunud riigipöördeks

"Salatoimikud" Indiana Jonesi moodi / Inna-Katrin Hein

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hein, Inna-Katrin

2008-01-01

Steven Spielbergi neljas Indiana Jones'i film Harrison Fordiga nimiosas "Indiana Jones ja kristallpealuu kuningriik" ("Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull") : Ameerika Ühendriigid 2008

Tundekausatiivikonstruktsioon eesti moodi / Liina Lindström

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lindström, Liina, 1973-

2012-01-01

Käsitletakse kogejakonstruktsiooni, milles kogeja on markeeritud nagu grammatiline objekt ja stiimul nagu grammatiline subjekt. Konstruktsiooni vaadeldakse teiste keelte taustal, et välja selgitada eesti keeles toimunud muutusi

Synthesis and characterization of irradiated injectable bone substitute paste based on hydroxyapatite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yessy Warastuti; Basril Abbas

2011-01-01

Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite, chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) composite in injectable paste form have been done. The composite was synthesized by stirring hydroxyapatite, chitosan and HPMC until homogen. IBS paste was irradiated at the dose of 25 kGy (sterile dose). Characterization of IBS paste was conducted by measuring of the water content, identification of functional group with Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectrophotometer (FTIR), and identification of sample morphology with Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive Spectrophotometer (SEM EDS). The result showed that the water content of irradiated sample was higher than unirradiated sample due to water radiolysis. Several specific bands of IBS paste were identified, i.e., carbonate (CO 3 2- ), at 1420 cm -1 , phosphate (PO 4 3- ) at 1043 cm -1 , 605 cm -1 , 568 cm -1 and chitosan (NH 2 ) at 1599 cm -1 . There is no significant difference in absorbed band between irradiated and unirradiated samples. IBS paste has a microstructure with the size of 0.05 – 0.1 μm. Electron beam irradiation did not change the structure and morphology of sample. (author)

The biocompatibility of a new endodontic paste used in dental trauma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana de Jesus Soares

Full Text Available AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the short-term subcutaneous tissue reaction of a new endodontic paste, based on the association among calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH2], 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX and zinc oxide (ZnO in comparison with a control paste, and the individual substances alone.Material and methodTwenty-four male wistar rats were used. Polyethylene tubes containing the materials were implanted into the dorsal connective tissue of rats. Empty implanted tubes served as controls. The materials used were: Ca(OH2+CHX+ZnO paste in two different proportions (2:1:2 and (2:1:3, a control paste, Ca(OH2+CHX (2:1, and the substances alone. After time intervals of 2, 3, 7 and 15 days, the animals were euthanized and the specimens prepared for histological processing. Data were evaluated qualitatively according to the levels of tissue repair and the degree of inflammation.ResultOn the second day all the materials were observed to cause a severe inflammatory response. On the third day, the pastes Ca(OH2+CHX+ZnO (2:1:2 and (2:1:3 showed reduction in degree of inflammation. On seventh day the tissue was already more organized with presence of collagen fibers in all materials. After 15 days it was found that compound Ca(OH2+CHX+ZnO (2:1:2 showed areas with no inflammatory infiltrate.ConclusionThe experimental pastes, Ca(OH2+CHX+ZnO in two different proportions (2:1:2 and (2:1:3, showed favorable results with respect to biocompatibility, when evaluated for a short-term.

Hydration and leaching characteristics of cement pastes made from electroplating sludge.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Ying-Liang; Ko, Ming-Sheng; Lai, Yi-Chieh; Chang, Juu-En

2011-06-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hydration and leaching characteristics of the pastes of belite-rich cements made from electroplating sludge. The compressive strength of the pastes cured for 1, 3, 7, 28, and 90 days was determined, and the condensation of silicate anions in hydrates was examined with the (29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. The leachabilities of the electroplating sludge and the hardened pastes were studied with the multiple toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (MTCLP) and the tank leaching test (NEN 7345), respectively. The results showed that the electroplating sludge continued to leach heavy metals, including nickel, copper, and zinc, and posed a serious threat to the environment. The belite-rich cement made from the electroplating sludge was abundant in hydraulic β-dicalcium silicate, and it performed well with regard to compressive-strength development when properly blended with ordinary Portland cements. The blended cement containing up to 40% the belite-rich cement can still satisfy the compressive-strength requirements of ASTM standards, and the pastes cured for 90 days had comparable compressive strength to an ordinary Portland cement paste. It was also found that the later hydration reaction of the blended cements was relatively more active, and high fractions of belite-rich cement increased the chain length of silicate hydrates. In addition, by converting the sludge into belite-rich cements, the heavy metals became stable in the hardened cement pastes. This study thus indicates a viable alternative approach to dealing with heavy metal bearing wastes, and the resulting products show good compressive strength and heavy-metal stability. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Vivos Voco: Herzen's Past, Present, and Future

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kathleen Frances Parthe

2014-11-01

Full Text Available A close reading of the journalism, correspondence, and memoirs of Alexander Herzen (1812–1870 yields a finely tuned relationship to past, present, and future, but not a complete philosophy of history. Herzen described no system, but repeated key metaphors (e.g., the libretto and concepts (e.g. contingency that reflected his understanding of the historical process. For Herzen, history became interesting when it was relieved of predetermined plots and algebraic formulas. However much he studied Russia’s past and planned its future, his preference was for the present, where freedom is most fully experienced in debate and in the need to choose a path forward. He understood the instrumentality of history in how the lives of ordinary people were affected, which remained his measure of progress. Herzen was a “historian of the present,” and his insights are remarkably applicable to twenty-first-century Russia.

The past as a work in progress.

Science.gov (United States)

Fara, Patricia

2018-03-01

Originating as a presidential address during the seventieth birthday celebrations of the British Society for the History of Science, this essay reiterates the society's long-standing commitment to academic autonomy and international cooperation. Drawing examples from my own research into female scientists and doctors during the First World War, I explore how narratives written by historians are related to their own lives, both past and present. In particular, I consider the influences on me of my childhood reading, my experiences as a physics graduate who deliberately left the world of science, and my involvement in programmes to improve the position of women in science. In my opinion, being a historian implies being socially engaged: the BSHS and its members have a responsibility towards the future as well as the past. Life can only be understood backwards; but it must be lived forwards. Søren Kierkegaard, Journals and Papers, 1843.

A positron annihilation study on the hydration of cement pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Consolati, G.; Quasso, F.

2007-01-01

Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy experiments were carried out in various ordinary Portland cement pastes, in an attempt to monitor the porosity of the pastes. It is found that positronium intensity is well correlated to the time evolution of the total porosity and it is influenced by the water-to-cement ratio. This parameter is also sensitive to the delayed hydration process induced by adding methanol to the water-cement mixture

A convertor and user interface to import CAD files into worldtoolkit virtual reality systems

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Peter Hor-Ching

1996-01-01

Virtual Reality (VR) is a rapidly developing human-to-computer interface technology. VR can be considered as a three-dimensional computer-generated Virtual World (VW) which can sense particular aspects of a user's behavior, allow the user to manipulate the objects interactively, and render the VW at real-time accordingly. The user is totally immersed in the virtual world and feel the sense of transforming into that VW. NASA/MSFC Computer Application Virtual Environments (CAVE) has been developing the space-related VR applications since 1990. The VR systems in CAVE lab are based on VPL RB2 system which consists of a VPL RB2 control tower, an LX eyephone, an Isotrak polhemus sensor, two Fastrak polhemus sensors, a folk of Bird sensor, and two VPL DG2 DataGloves. A dynamics animator called Body Electric from VPL is used as the control system to interface with all the input/output devices and to provide the network communications as well as VR programming environment. The RB2 Swivel 3D is used as the modelling program to construct the VW's. A severe limitation of the VPL VR system is the use of RB2 Swivel 3D, which restricts the files to a maximum of 1020 objects and doesn't have the advanced graphics texture mapping. The other limitation is that the VPL VR system is a turn-key system which does not provide the flexibility for user to add new sensors and C language interface. Recently, NASA/MSFC CAVE lab provides VR systems built on Sense8 WorldToolKit (WTK) which is a C library for creating VR development environments. WTK provides device drivers for most of the sensors and eyephones available on the VR market. WTK accepts several CAD file formats, such as Sense8 Neutral File Format, AutoCAD DXF and 3D Studio file format, Wave Front OBJ file format, VideoScape GEO file format, Intergraph EMS stereolithographics and CATIA Stereolithographics STL file formats. WTK functions are object-oriented in their naming convention, are grouped into classes, and provide easy C

The effect of inter-annual variability of consumption, production, trade and climate on crop-related green and blue water footprints and inter-regional virtual water trade: A study for China (1978-2008).

Science.gov (United States)

Zhuo, La; Mekonnen, Mesfin M; Hoekstra, Arjen Y

2016-05-01

Previous studies into the relation between human consumption and indirect water resources use have unveiled the remote connections in virtual water (VW) trade networks, which show how communities externalize their water footprint (WF) to places far beyond their own region, but little has been done to understand variability in time. This study quantifies the effect of inter-annual variability of consumption, production, trade and climate on WF and VW trade, using China over the period 1978-2008 as a case study. Evapotranspiration, crop yields and green and blue WFs of crops are estimated at a 5 × 5 arc-minute resolution for 22 crops, for each year in the study period, thus accounting for climate variability. The results show that crop yield improvements during the study period helped to reduce the national average WF of crop consumption per capita by 23%, with a decreasing contribution to the total from cereals and increasing contribution from oil crops. The total consumptive WFs of national crop consumption and crop production, however, grew by 6% and 7%, respectively. By 2008, 28% of total water consumption in crop fields in China served the production of crops for export to other regions and, on average, 35% of the crop-related WF of a Chinese consumer was outside its own province. Historically, the net VW within China was from the water-rich South to the water-scarce North, but intensifying North-to-South crop trade reversed the net VW flow since 2000, which amounted 6% of North's WF of crop production in 2008. South China thus gradually became dependent on food supply from the water-scarce North. Besides, during the whole study period, China's domestic inter-regional VW flows went dominantly from areas with a relatively large to areas with a relatively small blue WF per unit of crop, which in 2008 resulted in a trade-related blue water loss of 7% of the national total blue WF of crop production. The case of China shows that domestic trade, as governed by

Estimating the chloride transport in cement paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Princigallo, A.

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A method was developed to measure the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions in cement paste based on an analytical solution to Fick’s 2nd law in a cylindrical coordinate system. This natural method yielded diffusivity results within as little as a month. Testing time was reduced by exploiting the three-dimensional inward flux in the specimen. In an attempt to determine the saturation concentration, dense portland cement pastes were exposed to a concentrated chloride solution. The method proved to be useful for exploring cement hydration-induced changes in the diffusion coefficient of cement paste.

Se ha desarrollado un método para medir el coeficiente de difusión de los iones cloruro en la pasta de cemento, partiendo de una aplicación analítica de la segunda ley de Fick en un sistema de coordinadas cilíndrico. Este método, que es natural, demostró ser capaz de producir resultados de difusividad en tan solo un mes. Se consiguió reducir el tiempo de ensayo mediante el aprovechamiento de la tridimensionalidad del flujo desde el exterior al interior de la probeta. A fin de determinar la concentración de saturación, se sometieron las pastas de cemento Portland a una disolución de cloruros concentrada. Este método resultó ser útil en el estudio de los cambios del coeficiente de difusión de la pasta de cemento provocados por las reacciones de hidratación que tienen lugar en esta.

Maximal indecomposable past sets and event horizons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Krolak, A.

1984-01-01

The existence of maximal indecomposable past sets MIPs is demonstrated using the Kuratowski-Zorn lemma. A criterion for the existence of an absolute event horizon in space-time is given in terms of MIPs and a relation to black hole event horizon is shown. (author)

Antimicrobial activity of different filling pastes for deciduous tooth treatment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruna Feltrin ANTONIAZZI

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Guedes-Pinto paste is the filling material most employed in Brazil for endodontic treatment of deciduous teeth; however, the Rifocort® ointment has been removed. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of filling pastes, by proposing three new pharmacological associations to replace Rifocort® ointment with drugs of already established antimicrobial power: Nebacetin® ointment, 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate gel, and Maxitrol® ointment. A paste composed of Iodoform, Rifocort® ointment and Camphorated Paramonochlorophenol (CPC was employed as the gold standard (G1. The other associations were: Iodoform, Nebacetin® ointment and CPC (G2; Iodoform, 2% Chlorhexidine Digluconate gel and CPC (G3; Iodoform, Maxitrol® ointment and CPC (G4. The associations were tested for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans, Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis, Escherichia coli (E. coli, and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis, using the methods of dilution on solid medium – orifice agar – and broth dilution. The results were tested using statistical analysis ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis. They showed that all the pastes had a bacteriostatic effect on all the microorganisms, without any statistically significant difference, compared with G1. S. aureus was statistically significant (multiple comparison test of Tukey, insofar as G2 and G3 presented the worst and the best performance, respectively. All associations were bactericidal for E. coli, S. aureus, S. mutans and S. oralis. Only G3 and G4 were bactericidal for E. faecalis, whereas no product was bactericidal for B. subtilis. Thus, the tested pastes have antimicrobial potential and have proved acceptable for endodontic treatment of primary teeth.

When remembering the past suppresses memory for future actions.

Science.gov (United States)

Utsumi, Kenta; Saito, Satoru

2016-01-01

Remembering planned actions at the correct time in the future is an integral component of prospective cognition. Recent studies on future remembering have led to suggestions that prospective cognition might be based on past experience. To test this hypothesis, we focused on retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF), which usually indicates that remembering past events suppresses memory for related but different past events. The current study assessed RIF in two kinds of event-based prospective memory (PM) tasks using either focal or non-focal cues for ongoing tasks. Participants studied six members from each of eight taxonomic categories and then practiced recalling three of the six members from four of the eight categories using category-stem cues. This retrieval practice suppressed the detection of non-practiced members of the practiced categories during the PM task with non-focal cues (Experiment 1) but not with focal cues (Experiment 2). The results suggest that recall of certain items inhibits the function of the others as PM cues, but only if the PM task does not largely share its processing with the ongoing task.

Insights from the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Therkildsen, Nina Overgaard

and human-induced changes over the past century. Capitalizing on unique collections of archived samples and recently developed genomic resources, we study temporal and spatial variation at both microsatellite loci and up to 1047 gene-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) over a period of 80...... and evolutionary potential in high gene flow organisms and underscore the need to carefully consider all dimensions of biocomplexity for evolutionarily sustainable management of biodiversity and natural resources...... conditions. Focusing on two different cod population complexes, our overarching objectives have been to assess 1) whether levels of genetic diversity, population structure and distribution patterns have remained stable over time despite large demographic changes, 2) if we could detect molecular signatures...

African rainforests: past, present and future

Science.gov (United States)

Malhi, Yadvinder; Adu-Bredu, Stephen; Asare, Rebecca A.; Lewis, Simon L.; Mayaux, Philippe

2013-01-01

The rainforests are the great green heart of Africa, and present a unique combination of ecological, climatic and human interactions. In this synthesis paper, we review the past and present state processes of change in African rainforests, and explore the challenges and opportunities for maintaining a viable future for these biomes. We draw in particular on the insights and new analyses emerging from the Theme Issue on ‘African rainforests: past, present and future’ of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. A combination of features characterize the African rainforest biome, including a history of climate variation; forest expansion and retreat; a long history of human interaction with the biome; a relatively low plant species diversity but large tree biomass; a historically exceptionally high animal biomass that is now being severely hunted down; the dominance of selective logging; small-scale farming and bushmeat hunting as the major forms of direct human pressure; and, in Central Africa, the particular context of mineral- and oil-driven economies that have resulted in unusually low rates of deforestation and agricultural activity. We conclude by discussing how this combination of factors influences the prospects for African forests in the twenty-first century. PMID:23878339

African rainforests: past, present and future.

Science.gov (United States)

Malhi, Yadvinder; Adu-Bredu, Stephen; Asare, Rebecca A; Lewis, Simon L; Mayaux, Philippe

2013-01-01

The rainforests are the great green heart of Africa, and present a unique combination of ecological, climatic and human interactions. In this synthesis paper, we review the past and present state processes of change in African rainforests, and explore the challenges and opportunities for maintaining a viable future for these biomes. We draw in particular on the insights and new analyses emerging from the Theme Issue on 'African rainforests: past, present and future' of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. A combination of features characterize the African rainforest biome, including a history of climate variation; forest expansion and retreat; a long history of human interaction with the biome; a relatively low plant species diversity but large tree biomass; a historically exceptionally high animal biomass that is now being severely hunted down; the dominance of selective logging; small-scale farming and bushmeat hunting as the major forms of direct human pressure; and, in Central Africa, the particular context of mineral- and oil-driven economies that have resulted in unusually low rates of deforestation and agricultural activity. We conclude by discussing how this combination of factors influences the prospects for African forests in the twenty-first century.

Infilling Littleton Street Mine, Wallsall, with colliery spoil rock paste

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jarvis, S.T.; Braithwaite, P.A. [Ove Arup and Partners, Birmingham (United Kingdom)

1993-12-31

Describes the filling of an abandoned underground mine with low strength (12-20 kPa) paste made of coal mining waste. With a volume of 550,000 m{sup 3}, it was the largest mine to be filled with rock paste to date. The abandoned mine, flooded with underground water, consists of room and pillar workings at shallow depth of 35 to 60 m. Height of the underground mine cavity varies between 4 and 8 m. The process of infilling and tests and systems for monitoring infilling completeness and strength are described. Benefits of rock paste over other forms of infilling are discussed. Land reclamation work at the source sites is also described. Mineral waste source sites and specifications of the materials are given. After work completion, about 18 ha of derelict urban land were released for redevelopment. 6 refs.

Quasiregularity and Its Discontents: The Legacy of the Past Tense Debate

Science.gov (United States)

Seidenberg, Mark S.; Plaut, David C.

2014-01-01

Rumelhart and McClelland's chapter about learning the past tense created a degree of controversy extraordinary even in the adversarial culture of modern science. It also stimulated a vast amount of research that advanced the understanding of the past tense, inflectional morphology in English and other languages, the nature of linguistic…

Evaluating Past and Future USCG Use of Ohmsett Test Facility

Science.gov (United States)

2016-10-01

of Pages 22 22. Price Evaluating Past and Future USCG Use of Ohmsett Test Facility iv UNCLAS//Public | | CG-926 RDC | M. Fitzpatrick, et al...Opportunity Skimming System WEC Wave energy converter Evaluating Past and Future USCG Use of Ohmsett Test Facility x UNCLAS//Public | | CG-926 RDC | M...Date Summary of Effort OCT-NOV 1993 Vessel of Opportunity Skimming System (VOSS) (5 Weeks) APR-JUN 1996 Spilled Oil Recovery System (SORS) (8 Weeks

Thermal characteristic of sintered AgeCu nano-paste for high-temperature die-attach application

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tan, Kim Seah; Cheong, Kuan Yew; Wong, Yew Hoong

2015-01-01

In this work, thermal characteristic of silver-copper (Ag-Cu) nano-paste that consists of a mixture of nano-sized Ag and Cu particles and organic compounds meant for high-temperature die-attach application is reported. The Ag-Cu nano-paste was sintered at 380 deg. C for 30 min without the need of applying external pressure and the effect of Cu loading (20-80 wt%) on the thermal properties was investigated in against of pure Ag nano-paste and pure Cu nano-paste. The results showed the specific heat of sintered Ag-Cu nano-paste was increased as the loading of Cu increased. For thermal conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of sintered Ag-Cu nano-paste, a declining trend has been recorded with the increment of Cu loading. Overall, the sintered Ag-Cu nano-paste with 20 wt% of Cu loading has demonstrated the best combination of thermal conductivity (K) and CTE (α), which were 159 W/m K and 13 x 10 -6 /K, respectively. It has proven that there was a strong correlation between the amount of pores and thermal properties of the nano-paste. The ratio of K/α is a performance index (M), which has shown a higher value (12.2 x 10 6 W/m) than most of the commonly used die-attach systems. Finally, the Ag-Cu nano-paste has demonstrated a melting point of 955 deg. C, which can be proposed as an alternative high-temperature die-attach material

Melanoma Vaccines: Mixed Past, Promising Future

Science.gov (United States)

Ozao-Choy, Junko; Lee, Delphine J.; Faries, Mark B.

2014-01-01

Synopsis Cancer vaccines were one of the earliest forms of immunotherapy to be investigated. Past attempts to vaccinate against cancer, including melanoma, have mixed results, revealing the complexity of what was thought to be a simple concept. However, several recent successes and the combination of improved knowledge of tumor immunology and the advent of new immunomodulators make vaccination a promising strategy for the future. PMID:25245965

A hierarchy of systems of nonlinear equations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Falkensteiner, P.; Grosse, H.

1985-01-01

Imposing isospectral invariance for the one-dimensional Dirac operator yields an infinite hierarchy of systems of chiral invariant nonlinear partial differential equations. The same system is obtained through a Lax pair construction and finally a formulation in terms of Kac-Moody generators is given. (Author)

Sleep and your health

Science.gov (United States)

... to perform basic functions. You may find it hard to concentrate or remember things. You may become moody and lash out at ... lead to high blood pressure and inflammation, two things that can ... often make it hard to sleep. They also can become worse after ...

Arhitektuur kohtub moega

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2011-01-01

Eesti moekunstniku Britt Samosoni koostöös Valgusfestivaliga valminud arhitektuuri ja moodi ühendav 3D-installatsioon "Flat Cut 3D - Architecture" Rotermanni kvartali väljakul 14.-18. septembrini. Britt Samosoni moekollektsiooni "Square Cut" näeb Eesti Nuku- ja Noorsooteatris 15. septembril

Hydration products of lime-metakaolin pastes at ambient temperature with ageing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gameiro, A., E-mail: agameiro@lnec.pt [National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Materials Department, Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700 Lisbon (Portugal); Santos Silva, A., E-mail: ssilva@lnec.pt [National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Materials Department, Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700 Lisbon (Portugal); Veiga, R., E-mail: rveiga@lnec.pt [National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, Buildings Department, Av. do Brasil, 101, 1700 Lisbon (Portugal); Velosa, A., E-mail: avelosa@ua.pt [Department of Civil Engineering, Geobiotec, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro (Portugal)

2012-05-10

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer We study the compounds formed in lime/MK blended pastes and their stability over time. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Different mixes of lime/MK pastes show different reaction kinetics during curing time, being the pozzolanic compounds formed directly proportional to the lime by MK replacement. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Some pozzolanic products are found to be unstable during the hydration reaction employed in our study. - Abstract: Mortars constituted of lime mixtures with pozzolanic additions have been extensively used in the past for the construction of historic and traditional buildings. This paper presents the results of blended pastes of lime and metakaolin (MK), namely compounds formed and their stability over time. This research is part of an extensive study aiming at the formulation of lime based mortars for restoration purposes. It has been shown for several years that MK has been applied in inorganic binders due to its capacity to react vigorously with calcium hydroxide (CH). In the presence of water originating a series of major hydrated phases, namely tetra calcium aluminate hydrate (C{sub 4}AH{sub 13}), calcium silicates hydrates (CSH) and calcium aluminium silicate hydrates (stratlingite - C{sub 2}ASH{sub 8}). Several blended pastes of lime and MK, with different substitution rates of lime by MK (wt%) were prepared and cured at a temperature of 20 Degree-Sign C and relative humidity RH > 95%. The phase composition of the formed hydrated phases was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and simultaneous thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The obtained results showed that lime/MK pastes compositions displayed different reaction kinetics during curing time, being the pozzolanic products content directly proportional to the substitution rate of lime by MK. Also, a relationship between the increase stratlingite content and the MK substitution rate of lime by MK was found.

The Historical Past as a Factor of Sociocultural Transformations of Postmodernity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Igor S. Baklanov

2018-03-01

Full Text Available The content of the reflexive process over the historical past is substantiated in the article. The character of influence on this process in the conditions of social development in the 21st century is studied. The reasons of eventually accumulated mistrust to credibility of knowledge about the past are considered; at the same time within the postmodern tradition it led to reinterpreting the historical past by postmodernists who deny its sanctity and self-sufficiency. The category of "modernity" that is a complex temporally dispersed category which can combine the past, present and future. In the article the idea that the strategies of implementing global social project not only determine the focus and content of "progressive" and in fact technogenic and utilitarian social development but also act as a catalyst to rethink social and individual values, ideals and principles is highlighted. In this connection traditionalistic historical consciousness is going through a period of underlying culture and value transformations. Transformations of historical consciousness affect such an important component of collective goal-setting as attitude to the "past" as to a certain image, a picture of a bygone reality. In the modern world the fashion for the "tradition" and the "archaic" becomes noticeable and certain communities try to archaize their political, economic and sociocultural practice. As a result "modernity" as a centered European project of 17-19 centuries (project "Modern" transforms into "postmodernity" that is not only mosaic-like "postmodernism" but also "ultramodernism" which combines the "past", "present" and "future" and where diverse political and social practices coexist in a market that is more and more unified by the globalization processes. In these conditions a rising factor of social uncertainty complicates planning and forecasting on the state of future society.

Somalia: Let’s just forget the past?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zoppi, Marco

2014-01-01

It will be impossible to reconstruct Somalia without addressing its complex past. Yet the current definition of transitional justice appears too narrow to be beneficial, since it limits the space for local-based procedures in favour of Western concepts like the state, rule of law and democracy....

Mineralogy and chemistry of cement paste in borehole radioactive waste repository

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, Eduardo G.A.; Isiki, Vera L.K.; Miyamoto, Hissae; Marumo, Julio T.; Vicente, Roberto

2009-01-01

Results of chemical characterization of cement paste samples after irradiation and immersion in salt solutions are presented. This is part of a research on cement paste behavior aiming at investigating the durability of cementitious materials in the environment of repositories for radioactive waste. Portland cement paste is intended to be used as a backfill in a deep borehole for disposal of sealed radiation sources which concept is under development. The service life of the engineered barrier materials plays an important role in the long term safety of such facilities. Accelerated tests in laboratory are being used to evaluate the performance of cement paste under the temperature expected at some hundred meters below grade, under exposure to the radiation emitted by the sources, and under the attack of aggressive chemicals dissolved in the groundwater, during the millennia necessary for the decay of the most active and long-lived radionuclides present in the waste. ICP-OES, Ion chromatography, X-ray diffraction, SEM and TGA are some techniques being employed in this research project. (author)

Characterizing performances of solder paste printing process at flexible manufacturing lines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siew, Jit Ping; Low, Heng Chin; Teoh, Ping Chow

2015-01-01

Solder paste printing (SPP) has been a challenge on printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing, evident by the proliferation of solder paste inspection equipment, or substituted by rigorous non-value added activity of manual inspections. The objective of this study is to characterize the SPP performance of various products manufactured in flexible production lines with different equipment configurations, and determine areas for process improvement. The study began by collecting information on SPP performance relative to component placement (CP) process, and to the proportion of mixed products. Using a clustering algorithm to group similar elements together, SPP performance across all product-production line pairs are statistically modeled to discover the trend and the influential factors. The main findings are: (a) Ratio of overall dpku for CP and SPP processes are 2:1; (b) logistic regression models of SPP performance indicated that only effects of product-production line and solder paste printer configuration are significant; (c) PCB circuitry design with BGA components and single solder paste printer line configurations generated the highest monthly defects, with the highest variation in the latter

Characterizing performances of solder paste printing process at flexible manufacturing lines

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Siew, Jit Ping; Low, Heng Chin [University of Science Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang (Malaysia); Teoh, Ping Chow [Wawasan Open University, 54 Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, 10050 Penang (Malaysia)

2015-02-03

Solder paste printing (SPP) has been a challenge on printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing, evident by the proliferation of solder paste inspection equipment, or substituted by rigorous non-value added activity of manual inspections. The objective of this study is to characterize the SPP performance of various products manufactured in flexible production lines with different equipment configurations, and determine areas for process improvement. The study began by collecting information on SPP performance relative to component placement (CP) process, and to the proportion of mixed products. Using a clustering algorithm to group similar elements together, SPP performance across all product-production line pairs are statistically modeled to discover the trend and the influential factors. The main findings are: (a) Ratio of overall dpku for CP and SPP processes are 2:1; (b) logistic regression models of SPP performance indicated that only effects of product-production line and solder paste printer configuration are significant; (c) PCB circuitry design with BGA components and single solder paste printer line configurations generated the highest monthly defects, with the highest variation in the latter.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alessandro L Cavalcanti

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: To evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different root canal sealers and calcium hydroxide (CH paste. Materials and Methods: The sample was composed of two sealers (Fill Canal® and Sealer 26® , one CH cement (Hydro C® , and a CH paste. The agar diffusion test was performed in Petri dishes inoculated with the following microorganisms: Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis. The diameters of the zones of microbial growth inhibition were measured after 24 h. The tests were performed in triplicate. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey′s test at 5% significance level. Results: Fill Canal® exhibited the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against the Candida species and differed significantly from the other groups (P < 0.001. When inhibition was observed against S. mitis and S. oralis, the CH paste presented a larger mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than those of the other materials (P < 0.05. Regarding the inhibition of S. mutans, a statistically significant difference was observed only between the CH paste and Hydro C® (P < 0.05; the paste produced the largest mean zone of microbial growth inhibition against this microorganism. Regarding the inhibition of S. salivarius, Fill Canal® presented smaller mean zone of microbial growth inhibition than Sealer 26® and CH paste (P < 0.05. Conclusion: All the materials presented zones of microbial growth inhibition against all the test bacteria. Fill Canal® presented the largest mean zone of inhibition against the Candida species. For the Streptococcus cultures, none of the sealers presented inhibition superior to that of the CH paste.

There is no time like the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Handberg, Kristian

The project defines retro: the revival of aesthetic and cultural features of the recent past as a hallmark of late the 20th century’s culture and that of today, and analyzes this important phenomenon in the contemporary within a cultural memory setting. The project argues with the reading of retro...... and “accents” of modern culture. As such, retro is based upon an experience of the modern materiality and its changes, and expresses a new awareness of the everyday culture and its thing-world. Retro implies a musealization of the recent past, and performs a merging of the historical, the aesthetic...... discussions of material culture studies and the new interest in the theory of materiality, relevant concepts of culture, and cultural memory studies. At this background retro is approached through a case study of the 1950s as subject to retro culture from the 1970s to today. This historical rendition analyzes...

Mandibular bone necrosis after use of paraformaldehyde-containing paste

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chi-hwan Lee

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Paraformaldehyde has been used in the past as a pulpotomy agent. However, it has a severe cytotoxic effect and may cause alveolar bone necrosis. Depulpin, a devitalizing agent containing 49% paraformaldehyde, is no longer used frequently due to its severe side effects. In the two cases described in the present study, Depulpin was used as a devitalizing agent during root canal treatment. It caused a gradual loss of sensibility in adjacent teeth, gingival necrosis, and osteomyelitis. This case report demonstrates the serious side effects of using a paraformaldehyde-containing paste as a devitalizing agent for pulp, particularly mandibular bone necrosis.

Microbiological Studies of Semi-Preserved Natural Condiments Paste Stored in Refrigerator and Ambient Temperature

Science.gov (United States)

Dien, H. A.; Montolalu, R. I.; Mentang, F.; Mandang, A. S. K.; Rahmi, A. D.; Berhimpon, S.

2018-01-01

The aims of this studies were to prepare juice and raw condiment to be come semipreserve pastes, and to do microbial assessments on the both pastes during storing in refrigerator and ambient temperatures. For both pastes in refrigerator, samples were taken at 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days, and in ambient temperature samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 days. Assessment were done for TPC, total coliform and E. coli, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus sp., Vibrio sp., pH and water content. The results shown that juice paste stored in refrigerator still good until 30 days (TPC 1,5x104 CFU/g), and in ambient temperature still good until 6 days (2x104 CFU/g). Condiment paste stored in refrigerator still good until 30 days (6.5x103 CFU/g), and in ambient temperature still good until 6 days (1.17x104 CFU/g). However, recommended that condiment paste stored in ambient temperature only until 4 days (7.3x103CFU/g), while that juice paste until 5 days (7.8x103CFU/g). There were no pathogenic bacteria found in all samples.

LHC Operation: Past and Future (1/3)

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2013-01-01

After a successful first running period, LHC is now well into a two year shutdown for extensive consolidation. A pedagogical overview of the machine, its operating principles, its systems and underlying accelerator physics is presented. Performance past and future is discussed. (These lectures will be presented in three parts.)

Preparation of CulnSe2 thin films by paste coating

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2008-01-01

Precursor pastes were obtained by milling Cu-In alloys and Se powders.CuInSe2 thin films were successfully prepared by precursor layers,which were coated using these pastes,and were annealed in a H2 atmosphere.The pastes were tested by laser particle diameter analyzer,simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis instruments (TG-DTA),and X-ray diffractometry (XRD).Selenized films were characterized by XRD,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).The results indicate that chalcopyrite CuInSe2 is formed at 180℃ and the crystallinity of this phase is improved as the temperature rises.All the CuInSe2 thin films,which were annealed at various temperatures,exhibit the preferred orientation along the (112) plane.The compression of precursor layers before selenization step is one oftbe most essential factors for the preparation of perfect CulnSe2 thin films.

Climate related sea-level variations over the past two millennia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kemp, Andrew C; Horton, Benjamin P; Donnelly, Jeffrey P; Mann, Michael E; Vermeer, Martin; Rahmstorf, Stefan

2011-07-05

We present new sea-level reconstructions for the past 2100 y based on salt-marsh sedimentary sequences from the US Atlantic coast. The data from North Carolina reveal four phases of persistent sea-level change after correction for glacial isostatic adjustment. Sea level was stable from at least BC 100 until AD 950. Sea level then increased for 400 y at a rate of 0.6 mm/y, followed by a further period of stable, or slightly falling, sea level that persisted until the late 19th century. Since then, sea level has risen at an average rate of 2.1 mm/y, representing the steepest century-scale increase of the past two millennia. This rate was initiated between AD 1865 and 1892. Using an extended semiempirical modeling approach, we show that these sea-level changes are consistent with global temperature for at least the past millennium.

Colonialism’s Past and Present: Performing History at a Gold Rush Theme Park

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virginia Watson

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The urge to seize, to claim the past in order to experience the truth of history is a powerful impulse - one full of desire for a time apart from the here and now. Conceiving and sustaining an experience of the past is today very big business. The ongoing development of the heritage, tourism and re-enactment industries inter-link with popular historical perception in ways that raise multiple questions about the relationship between popular and academic accounts of the past and the many other ways of performing history (Dening 1996. This paper takes as its starting point a gold rush theme park, Old Mogo Town in NSW Australia, and in particular, its erasure of all evidence of the Indigenous past. From here, it is my aim to develop a revised performance of that past- one that interrogates the catastrophe of colonialism and the fate of history currently expunged from the gold rush theme park of Old Mogo Town.

Avoid costly mistakes of the past.

Science.gov (United States)

Halley, Marc D

2013-03-01

Physician employment is here to stay. The challenge for healthcare finance professionals is to make physician relationships work without the financial losses experienced by hospitals that tried physician employment in the past. Capturing market share should be a key strategy in any physician employment effort. Physicians who are engaged and actively involved in the process make great business partners because they understand the productivity, efficiencies, and cost controls needed to succeed.

The influences and neural correlates of past and present during gambling in humans.

Science.gov (United States)

Sacré, Pierre; Subramanian, Sandya; Kerr, Matthew S D; Kahn, Kevin; Johnson, Matthew A; Bulacio, Juan; González-Martínez, Jorge A; Sarma, Sridevi V; Gale, John T

2017-12-07

During financial decision-making tasks, humans often make "rational" decisions, where they maximize expected reward. However, this rationality may compete with a bias that reflects past outcomes. That is, if one just lost money or won money, this may impact future decisions. It is unclear how past outcomes influence future decisions in humans, and how neural circuits encode present and past information. In this study, six human subjects performed a financial decision-making task while we recorded local field potentials from multiple brain structures. We constructed a model for each subject characterizing bets on each trial as a function of present and past information. The models suggest that some patients are more influenced by previous trial outcomes (i.e., previous return and risk) than others who stick to more fixed decision strategies. In addition, past return and present risk modulated with the activity in the cuneus; while present return and past risk modulated with the activity in the superior temporal gyrus and the angular gyrus, respectively. Our findings suggest that these structures play a role in decision-making beyond their classical functions by incorporating predictions and risks in humans' decision strategy, and provide new insight into how humans link their internal biases to decisions.

Recent observational evidence on W Ursae Majoris stars

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rovithis-Livaniou, H.; Rovithis, P.

1982-01-01

During the last four years (1978-1981), some close binaries of W Ursae Majoris type have been observed from the National Observatory of Athens. In all cases a two-beam, multi-mode, nebular-stellar photometer has been used, attached to the 48-inch Cassegrain reflector at the Kryonerion Station. The observed systems are: 44i Boo, VW Cep, AB And, BV Dra, BW Dra, U Peg, V508 Oph. Especially VW Cep and 44i Boo, are very interesting objects; in addition to the light curves that have already been published (Rovithis and Rovithis-Livaniou, 1980-1981), other observations were obtained during the last year and are now at computational stage. The observations of these two systems will be continued during the next years. (Auth.)

Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolated from Indonesian shrimp paste (terasi)

Science.gov (United States)

Amalia, U.; Sumardianto; Agustini, T. W.

2018-02-01

Shrimp paste was one of fermented products, popular as a taste enhancer in many dishes. The processing of shrimp paste was natural fermentation, depends on shrimp it self and the presence of salt. The salt inhibits the growth of undesirable microorganism and allows the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to ferment the protein source to lactic acids. The objectives of this study were to characterize LAB isolated from Indonesian shrimp paste or "Terasi" with different times of fermentation (30, 60 and 90 days). Vitech analysis showed that there were four strains of the microorganism referred to as lactic acid bacteria (named: LABS1, LABS2, LABS3 and LABS4) with 95% sequence similarity. On the basis of biochemical, four isolates represented Lactobacillus, which the name Lactobacillus plantarum is proposed. L.plantarum was play role in resulting secondary metabolites, which gave umami flavor in shrimp paste.

The mechanism of cesium immobilization in densified silica-fume blended cement pastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bar-Nes, G.; Katz, A.; Peled, Y.; Zeiri, Y.

2008-01-01

The role of silica-fume agglomerates, found in densified silica-fume (DSF) pastes, in the immobilization mechanism of Cs ions was studied. Samples of cementitious pastes containing two different forms of silica fume - DSF and raw silica fume (RSF) - were prepared. Leaching experiments showed that both additives reduced the leachability of the metal ion, but the effect of the DSF paste was much stronger. Scanning Electron Microscopy, together with Differential Thermal Analysis, proved that no agglomerated particles were present in the RSF pastes and that the extent of pozzolanic reactivity was higher. We therefore believe that unreacted silica within the DSF agglomerates adsorbs Cs ions and consequently increases their immobilization. Furthermore, this work suggests that during the pozzolanic reaction, a hydrated rim develops around the agglomerate that acts as an additional diffusion barrier for the Cs ions, resulting in an increased efficiency of Cs immobilization

Envisioning the future by predicting the past

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Skrydstrup, Martin

2017-01-01

), which demonstrate that global mean temperatures have risen in conjunction with the consumption of fossil fuels visualized in a graph that became known as the "Hockey Stick". I argue that in the first case we have a form of analogue reasoning, which predicts the past in order to envision the future...

Porosity study on free mineral addition cement paste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salgueiro, W.; Somoza, A.; Cabrera, O.; Consolati, G.

2004-01-01

A study of the hydration process and the porosity evolution in a cement paste is presented. The analysis of porosity was made in samples with water to cement ratios (w/c) of 0.24, 0.40 and 0.60 at age of 3, 7, 28 and 365 days, respectively. Information on the evolution of total porosity and on the strength of the paste were obtained using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mechanical tests (compression and flexion) and water absorption techniques. Specifically, positron lifetime technique allowed us to analyze the evolution of gel and capillary porosity during the hydration process. Using a simple function proposed, reasonable fits to the experimental data of the porosity evolution as a function of the compression strength were obtained

The neural basis of temporal order processing in past and future thought.

Science.gov (United States)

D'Argembeau, Arnaud; Jeunehomme, Olivier; Majerus, Steve; Bastin, Christine; Salmon, Eric

2015-01-01

Although growing evidence has shown that remembering the past and imagining the future recruit a common core network of frontal-parietal-temporal regions, the extent to which these regions contribute to the temporal dimension of autobiographical thought remains unclear. In this fMRI study, we focused on the event-sequencing aspect of time and examined whether ordering past and future events involve common neural substrates. Participants had to determine which of two past (or future) events occurred (or would occur) before the other, and these order judgments were compared with a task requiring to think about the content of the same past or future events. For both past and future events, we found that the left posterior hippocampus was more activated when establishing the order of events, whereas the anterior hippocampus was more activated when representing their content. Aside from the hippocampus, most of the brain regions that were activated when thinking about temporal order (notably the intraparietal sulcus, dorsolateral pFC, dorsal anterior cingulate, and visual cortex) lied outside the core network and may reflect the involvement of controlled processes and visuospatial imagery to locate events in time. Collectively, these findings suggest (a) that the same processing operations are engaged for ordering past events and planned future events in time, (b) that anterior and posterior portions of the hippocampus are involved in processing different aspects of autobiographical thought, and (c) that temporal order is not necessarily an intrinsic property of memory or future thought but instead requires additional, controlled processes.

Forget about the future - let's get on with the past!

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

McQuaid, Sara Dybris

'Forget about the Future - Let's get on with the Past! Trails of truth recovery and provisional justice in Northern Ireland' Abstract: In Northern Ireland an agreed and comprehensive framework for ‘dealing with the past’ has yet to be worked out. In this policy vacuum a bricolage of different met...... demonstrate how initiatives conceived to serve a particular function can often transmute to serve other or additional functions with severe consequences for both the peace process and future policies for the past....

The user facility FELIX: Past, present and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meer, A.F.G. van der; Amersfoort, P.W. van

1995-01-01

The performance over the past year and the current user-relevant characteristics of the User Facility FELIX will be discussed. Also the existing plans for improving and extending the capabilities and provisions will be presented

Microstructure of hydrated cement pastes as determined by SANS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sabine, T.; Bertram, W.; Aldridge, L.

1999-01-01

Full text: Technologists have known how to make concrete for over 2000 years but despite painstaking research no one has been able to show how and why concrete sets. Part of the problem is that the calcium silicate hydrate (the gel produced by hydrating cement) is amorphous and cannot be characterised by x-ray crystallographic techniques. Small angle neutron scattering on instrument V12a at BENSC was used to characterise the hydration reactions and show the growth of the calcium silicate hydrates during initial hydration and the substantial differences in the rate of growth and structure as different additives are used. SANS spectra were measured as a function of the hydration from three different types of cement paste: 1) Ordinary Portland Cement made with a water to cement ratio of about 0.4; 2) A blend of Ordinary Portland Cement(25%) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (75%) with a water to cement ration of about 0.4; 3) A dense paste made from silica fume(24%), Ordinary Portland Cement (76%) at a water to powder ratio of 0.18. The differences in the spectra are interpreted in terms of differences between the microstructure of the pastes

Biocompatibility of root filling pastes used in primary teeth.

Science.gov (United States)

Lima, C C B; Conde Júnior, A M; Rizzo, M S; Moura, R D; Moura, M S; Lima, M D M; Moura, L F A D

2015-05-01

To evaluate the biocompatibility of two pastes designed to fill the root canals of primary teeth. A study group of 54 mice received subcutaneous tissue implants of polyethylene tubes containing CTZ or calcium hydroxide paste or, as a negative control, empty tubes. Biocompatibility was evaluated on days 7, 21 and 63, yielding a total of nine groups of six animals each. Following the experimental intervals, the implant areas were removed and subjected to histologic processing. After the tissues were stained with HE and Masson trichrome, two pathologists performed a histologic analysis of the samples in a blinded manner. Collagen fibre formation, tissue thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration were analysed qualitatively. Quantitative morphometry was performed for the thickness, perimeter length and tissue area of the region in direct contact with the open tube. anova with the Tukey post-test and Kruskal-Wallis analysis followed by Dunn's post-test, with significance established as P tube decreased during the experimental periods in all groups. The CTZ and calcium hydroxide pastes demonstrated biocompatibility with subcutaneous tissue in this experimental model. © 2014 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Creole remedies : case studies of ethnoveterinary medicine in Trinidad and Tobago

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lans, C.

2001-01-01

Context

The popular pharmacopoeia of Trinidad and Tobago is the result of a Creole pan-Caribbean culture, closely linked to history, and the result of a South American Indian, African, European and Asian heritage (Lans, 1996; Moodie-Kublalsingh, 1994; Littlewood, 1988;

Neural Networks and Their Application to Air Force Personnel Modeling

Science.gov (United States)

1991-11-01

researchers have also made similar suggestions (Darken & Moody, 1990; DeSieno, 1988; Kangas, Kohonen, Leaksones, Simula, & Venta , 1989). LVQ is also...failure time data. New York: John Wiley & Sons. . Kangr’s, J., Kohonen, T., Leaksones, J., Simula, 0., & Venta , 0. (1989). Variants of self-organizing

Astronomical technology - the past and the future. Karl Schwarzschild Award Lecture 2015

Science.gov (United States)

Appenzeller, I.

2016-07-01

The past fifty years have been an epoch of impressive progress in the field of astronomical technology. Practically all the technical tools, which we use today, have been developed during that time span. While the first half of this period has been dominated by advances in the detector technologies, during the past two decades innovative telescope concepts have been developed for practically all wavelength ranges where astronomical observations are possible. Further important advances can be expected in the next few decades. Based on the experience of the past, some of the main sources of technological progress can be identified.

Climate of the future: the testimony of the past

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jouzel, J.; Lorius, C.; Raynaud, D.

1994-01-01

Human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Such increase may induce a significant warming over the next decades. Beyond complex predictive climate models, the archives of past climate contain information relevant to this future of our climate. It concerns, in particular, the link between climate and greenhouse gases in the past and the natural variability of the Earth's climate. Both are recorded in polar ice which thus provides records essential for better understanding of the behaviour of the climate system. This is examined from results recently obtained along deep ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica. (authors). 21 refs., 5 figs

Effect of a single overnight topical application of miconazole nitrate paste on acne papules.

Science.gov (United States)

Flagothier, Caroline; Vroome, Valérie; Borgers, Marcel; Wang, Xuemin; Cauwenbergh, Geert; Piérard, Gérald E

2006-03-01

The classical management of acne calls for prolonged oral and/or topical treatments; however, some patients request a rapid effect to make the papules disappear within a few hours or days. To test the effect of a single overnight application of a paste containing 0.25% miconazole nitrate on acne papules, and comparison with the effect of the same but unmedicated paste. Narrow-band reflectance spectroscopy was used to assess the changes in E index (erythema) after overnight application of the pastes. In the first study, a total of 117 acne papules were assessed in 15 adolescents. Measurements of the E index were performed at 24-h intervals for 4 days on acne papules and the surrounding normal-looking skin. The last two assessments were performed the mornings preceding and following, respectively, a single application of the medicated paste. The second part of the study consisted of a double-blind, split-face study on 25 adolescents with acne. They applied each of the two formulations on a randomized part of the forehead. A total of 161 acne papules received the medicated paste and 160 received the same but unmedicated paste. Measurements were performed the mornings before and after the overnight treatment. In the first part of the study, no significant daily difference was observed between the three series of pretreatment E indices, on both acne papules and normal skin. The treatment did not affect the E index of normal skin. By contrast, it decreased significantly the E index of the acne papules. The second part of the study also showed that the medicated paste significantly decreased the E index of acne papules. This effect was significantly (P < 0.05) superior to that of the unmedicated paste. A single overnight application of miconazole nitrate paste appears to reduce the erythematous aspect of acne papules.

Europe’s changing lessons from the past

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sierp, Aline

2016-01-01

This special issue brings together scholars who concentrate on the way ‘lessons from the past’ have been framed in different national contexts in Central and Eastern Europe. In the wake of crisis in Europe, bits and pieces of the past are being resurrected as a means of understanding the present and

Alkali binding in hydrated Portland cement paste

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Chen, Wei; Brouwers, Jos

2010-01-01

The alkali-binding capacity of C–S–H in hydrated Portland cement pastes is addressed in this study. The amount of bound alkalis in C–S–H is computed based on the alkali partition theories firstly proposed by Taylor (1987) and later further developed by Brouwers and Van Eijk (2003). Experimental data

Self-consistent-field method and τ-functional method on group manifold in soliton theory. II. Laurent coefficients of soliton solutions for sln and for sun

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nishiyama, Seiya; Providencia, Joao da; Komatsu, Takao

2007-01-01

To go beyond perturbative method in terms of variables of collective motion, using infinite-dimensional fermions, we have aimed to construct the self-consistent-field (SCF) theory, i.e., time dependent Hartree-Fock theory on associative affine Kac-Moody algebras along the soliton theory. In this paper, toward such an ultimate goal we will reconstruct a theoretical frame for a υ (external parameter)-dependent SCF method to describe more precisely the dynamics on the infinite-dimensional fermion Fock space. An infinite-dimensional fermion operator is introduced through Laurent expansion of finite-dimensional fermion operators with respect to degrees of freedom of the fermions related to a υ-dependent and a Υ-periodic potential. As an illustration, we derive explicit expressions for the Laurent coefficients of soliton solutions for sl n and for su n on infinite-dimensional Grassmannian. The associative affine Kac-Moody algebras play a crucial role to determine the dynamics on the infinite-dimensional fermion Fock space

Quiver representations and quiver varieties

CERN Document Server

Jr, Alexander Kirillov

2016-01-01

This book is an introduction to the theory of quiver representations and quiver varieties, starting with basic definitions and ending with Nakajima's work on quiver varieties and the geometric realization of Kac-Moody Lie algebras. The first part of the book is devoted to the classical theory of quivers of finite type. Here the exposition is mostly self-contained and all important proofs are presented in detail. The second part contains the more recent topics of quiver theory that are related to quivers of infinite type: Coxeter functor, tame and wild quivers, McKay correspondence, and representations of Euclidean quivers. In the third part, topics related to geometric aspects of quiver theory are discussed, such as quiver varieties, Hilbert schemes, and the geometric realization of Kac-Moody algebras. Here some of the more technical proofs are omitted; instead only the statements and some ideas of the proofs are given, and the reader is referred to original papers for details. The exposition in the book requ...

On E10 and the DDF construction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gebert, R.W.; Nicolai, H.

1994-06-01

An attempt is made to understand the root spaces of Kac Moody algebras of hyperbolic type, and in particular E 10 , in terms of a DDF construction appropriate to subcritical compactified bosonic string. While the level-one root spaces can be completely characterized in terms of transversal DDF states (the level-zero elements just span the affine subalgebra), longitudinal DDF states are shown to appear beyond level one. In contrast to previous treatments of such algebras, we find it necessary to make use of a rational extension of the self-dual root lattice as an auxiliary device, and to admit non-summable operators (in the sense of the vertex algebra formalism). We demonstrate the utility of the method by completely analyzing a non-trivial level-two root space, obtaining an explicit and comparatively simple representation for it. We also emphasize the occurrence of several Virasoro algebras, whose interrelation is expected to be crucial for a better understanding of the complete structure of the Kac Moody algebra. (orig.)

Quasi-superconformal algebras in two dimensions and hamiltonian reduction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romans, L.J.

1991-01-01

In the standard quantum hamiltonian reduction, constraining the SL(3, R) WZNW model leads to a model of Zamolodchikov's W 3 -symmetry. In recent work, Polyakov and Bershadsky have considered an alternative reduction which leads to a new algebra, W 3 2 , a nonlinear extension of the Virasoro algebra by a spin-1 current and two bosonic spin-3/2 currents. Motivated by this result, we display two new infinite series of nonlinear extended conformal algebras, containing 2N bosonic spin-3/2 currents and spin-1 Kac-Moody currents for either U(N) or Sp(2 N); the W 3 2 algebra appears as the N = 1 member of the U(N) series. We discuss the relationship between these algebras and the Knizhnik-Bershadsky superconformal algebras, and provide realisations in terms of free fields coupled to Kac-Moody currents. We propose a specific procedure for obtaining the algebras for general N through hamiltonian reduction. (orig.)

Trans-Colonial Collaboration and Slave Narrative: Mary Prince Revisited

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michelle Gadpaille

2011-10-01

Full Text Available In 1831 in London, two formidable women met: Mary Prince, an ex-slave from Bermuda, who had crossed the Atlantic to a qualified freedom, and Susanna Strickland, an English writer. The narrative that emerged from this meeting was The History of Mary Prince, which played a role in the fight for slave emancipation in the British Empire. Prince disappeared once the battle was won, while Strickland emigrated to Upper Canada and, as Susanna Moodie, became an often quoted 19th century Canadian writer. Prince dictated, Strickland copied, and the whole was lightly edited by Thomas Pringle, the anti-slavery publisher at whose house the meeting took place. This is the standard account. In contesting this version, the paper aims to reinstate Moodie as co-creator of the collaborative Mary Prince text by considering multiple accounts of the meeting with Prince and to place the work in the context of Moodie’s pre- and post-emigration oeuvre on both sides of the Atlantic.

The Dynamics of the Impact of Past Performance on Mutual Fund Flows

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Goriaev, A.P.; Nijman, T.E.; Werker, B.J.M.

2002-01-01

This study reconsiders the determinants of flows into US growth funds, focusing in particular on the dynamics of the impact of past performance on flows.We model the flow-performance relationship at the monthly frequency, allowing for dependence of the sensitivity of flows to past performance on

Space reactors - past, present, and future

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buden, D.; Angelo, J.

1983-01-01

In the 1990s and beyond, advanced-design nuclear reactors could represent the prime source of both space power and propulsion. Many sophisticated military and civilian space missions of the future will require first kilowatt and then megawatt levels of power. This paper reviews key technology developments that accompanied past US space nuclear power development efforts, describes on-going programs, and then explores reactor technologies that will satisfy megawatt power level needs and beyond

Literature survey on phase composition of hardened cement paste containing fly ash

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Otsuka, Taku; Yamamoto, Takeshi

2015-01-01

The purpose of this literature survey is to collect the knowledge on the effect of fly ash in hardened cement paste and the information about evaluation of physicochemical performance based on phase composition of hardened cement paste. The performance of hardened cement paste containing fly ash is affected by the property of fly ash, hydration of cement and pozzolanic reaction of fly ash. Some properties of fly ash such as density and chemical composition are reflected in phase composition, showing the progress of cement hydration and pozzolanic reaction. Therefore clarification of the relationship of phase composition and performance will lead to appropriate evaluation of the property of fly ash. The amount of pore, chemical shrinkage, pore solution, compressive strength, Young modulus and alkali silica reaction have relations to the phase composition of hardened cement paste. It is considered as future subject to clarify the relationship of phase composition and performance for various properties of fly ash. (author)

Judging the Past: How History Should Inform Bioethics.

Science.gov (United States)

Lerner, Barron H; Caplan, Arthur L

2016-04-19

Bioethics has become a common course of study in medical schools, other health professional schools, and graduate and undergraduate programs. An analysis of past ethical scandals, as well as the bioethics apparatus that emerged in response to them, is often central to the discussion of bioethical questions. This historical perspective on bioethics is invaluable and demonstrates how, for example, the infamous Tuskegee syphilis study was inherently racist and how other experiments exploited mentally disabled and other disadvantaged persons. However, such instruction can resemble so-called Whig history, in which a supposedly more enlightened mindset is seen as having replaced the "bad old days" of physicians behaving immorally. Bioethical discourse-both in the classroom and in practice-should be accompanied by efforts to historicize but not minimize past ethical transgressions. That is, bioethics needs to emphasize why and how such events occurred rather than merely condemning them with an air of moral superiority. Such instruction can reveal the complicated historical circumstances that led physician-researchers (some of whom were actually quite progressive in their thinking) to embark on projects that seem so unethical in hindsight. Such an approach is not meant to exonerate past transgressions but rather to explain them. In this manner, students and practitioners of bioethics can better appreciate how modern health professionals may be susceptible to the same types of pressures, misguided thinking, and conflicts of interest that sometimes led their predecessors astray.

Pasting and extrusion properties of mixed carbohydrates and whey protein isolate matrices

Science.gov (United States)

Mixed systems of whey protein isolate (WPI) or texturized WPI (tWPI) and different starches may form weak or strong gel pastes or rigid matrices depending on interactions. The paste viscoelasticity of starches from amioca, barley, corn starch, Hylon VII, plantain, and pea starch, mixed with whey pro...

Labor Education in America

Science.gov (United States)

Carlson, Kenneth D.

1971-01-01

Labor education reflects the pragmaticism of American culture and supports the system. It emphasizes leadership training, loyalty building, and political education. The control of labor education is centralized in union headquarters. (VW)

Present Payments, Past Wrongs: Correcting Loose Talk about Nozick and Rectification

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jan Narveson

2009-01-01

Full Text Available It is widely thought that Robert Nozick’s views on rectification of past injustices are of critical importance to his theory of distributive justice, even perhaps justifying wholesale redistributive taxes in the present because of the undoubted injustices that have pervaded much past history. This essay undertakes to correct this impression—not mostly by disagreeing with Nozick’s claims, but nevertheless proceeding on basic libertarian theory. Of enormous importance is the role of putative innocents, who are defrauded by miscreants carefully covering their tracks so that these recipients have no reason to think they are buying stolen property. But of equal importance is simply that the duty to rectify past injustices is not comparable to the original duty to respect property rights in the first place.

Strength and Drying Shrinkage of Alkali-Activated Slag Paste and Mortar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mao-chieh Chi

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study is to investigate the strengths and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag paste and mortar. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and drying shrinkage of alkali-activated slag paste and mortar were measured with various liquid/slag ratios, sand/slag ratios, curing ages, and curing temperatures. Experimental results show that the higher compressive strength and tensile strength have been observed in the higher curing temperature. At the age of 56 days, AAS mortars show higher compressive strength than Portland cement mortars and AAS mortars with liquid/slag ratio of 0.54 have the highest tensile strength in all AAS mortars. In addition, AAS pastes of the drying shrinkage are higher than AAS mortars. Meanwhile, higher drying shrinkage was observed in AAS mortars than that observed comparable Portland cement mortars.

Effects of shading on starch pasting characteristics of indica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L..

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Li Wang

Full Text Available Rice is an important staple crop throughout the world, but environmental stress like low-light conditions can negatively impact crop yield and quality. Using pot experiments and field experiments, we studied the effects of shading on starch pasting viscosity and starch content with six rice varieties for three years, using the Rapid Visco Analyser to measure starch pasting viscosity. Shading at different growth stages and in different rice varieties all affected the starch pasting characteristics of rice. The effects of shading on starch pasting viscosity at middle and later growth stages were greater than those at earlier stages. Shading enhanced breakdown but reduced hold viscosity and setback at tillering-elongation stage. Most pasting parameters changed significantly with shading after elongation stage. Furthermore, the responses of different varieties to shading differed markedly. The change scope of starch pasting viscosity in Dexiang 4103 was rather small after heading, while that in IIyou 498 and Gangyou 906 was small before heading. We observed clear tendencies in peak viscosity, breakdown, and pasting temperature of the five rice varieties with shading in 2010 and 2011. Correlation analysis indicated that the rice amylose content was negatively correlated with breakdown, but was positively correlated with setback. Based on our results, IIyou 498, Gangyou 906, and Dexiang 4103 had higher shade endurance, making these varieties most suitable for high-quality rice cultivation in low-light regions.

Effects of shading on starch pasting characteristics of indica hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Li; Deng, Fei; Ren, Wan-Jun; Yang, Wen-Yu

2013-01-01

Rice is an important staple crop throughout the world, but environmental stress like low-light conditions can negatively impact crop yield and quality. Using pot experiments and field experiments, we studied the effects of shading on starch pasting viscosity and starch content with six rice varieties for three years, using the Rapid Visco Analyser to measure starch pasting viscosity. Shading at different growth stages and in different rice varieties all affected the starch pasting characteristics of rice. The effects of shading on starch pasting viscosity at middle and later growth stages were greater than those at earlier stages. Shading enhanced breakdown but reduced hold viscosity and setback at tillering-elongation stage. Most pasting parameters changed significantly with shading after elongation stage. Furthermore, the responses of different varieties to shading differed markedly. The change scope of starch pasting viscosity in Dexiang 4103 was rather small after heading, while that in IIyou 498 and Gangyou 906 was small before heading. We observed clear tendencies in peak viscosity, breakdown, and pasting temperature of the five rice varieties with shading in 2010 and 2011. Correlation analysis indicated that the rice amylose content was negatively correlated with breakdown, but was positively correlated with setback. Based on our results, IIyou 498, Gangyou 906, and Dexiang 4103 had higher shade endurance, making these varieties most suitable for high-quality rice cultivation in low-light regions.

Accurate Measurement of Pasting Temperature by the Rapid Visco-Analyser: a Case Study Using Rice Flour

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jin-song BAO

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Pasting properties are among the most important characteristics of starch, determining its applications in food processing and other industries. Pasting temperature derived from the Rapid Visco-analyser (RVA (Newport Scientific, in most cases, is overestimated by the Thermocline for Windows software program. Here, two methods facilitating accurate measurement of pasting temperature by RVA were described. One is to change parameter setting to ‘screen’ the true point where the pasting viscosity begins to increase, the other is to manually record the time (T1 when the pasting viscosity begins to increase and calculate the pasting temperature with the formula of (45/3.8×(T1–1+50 for rice flour. The latter method gave a manually determined pasting temperature which was significantly correlated with the gelatinization temperature measured by differential scanning calorimetry.

Residual and Past Entropy for Concomitants of Ordered Random Variables of Morgenstern Family

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. M. Mohie EL-Din

2015-01-01

Full Text Available For a system, which is observed at time t, the residual and past entropies measure the uncertainty about the remaining and the past life of the distribution, respectively. In this paper, we have presented the residual and past entropy of Morgenstern family based on the concomitants of the different types of generalized order statistics (gos and give the linear transformation of such model. Characterization results for these dynamic entropies for concomitants of ordered random variables have been considered.

Evaluation of Organic Proxies for Quantifying Past Primary Productivity

Science.gov (United States)

Raja, M.; Rosell-Melé, A.; Galbraith, E.

2017-12-01

Ocean primary productivity is a key element of the marine carbon cycle. However, its quantitative reconstruction in the past relies on the use of biogeochemical models as the available proxy approaches are qualitative at best. Here, we present an approach that evaluates the use of phytoplanktonic biomarkers (i.e. chlorins and alkenones) as quantitative proxies to reconstruct past changes in marine productivity. We compare biomarkers contents in a global suite of core-top sediments to sea-surface chlorophyll-a abundance estimated by satellites over the last 20 years, and the results are compared to total organic carbon (TOC). We also assess satellite data and detect satellite limitations and biases due to the complexity of optical properties and the actual defined algorithms. Our findings show that sedimentary chlorins can be used to track total sea-surface chlorophyll-a abundance as an indicator for past primary productivity. However, degradation processes restrict the application of this proxy to concentrations below a threshold value (1µg/g). Below this threshold, chlorins are a useful tool to identify reducing conditions when used as part of a multiproxy approach to assess redox sedimentary conditions (e.g. using Re, U). This is based on the link between anoxic/disoxic conditions and the flux of organic matter from the sea-surface to the sediments. We also show that TOC is less accurate than chlorins for estimating sea-surface chlorophyll-a due to the contribution of terrigenous organic matter, and the different degradation pathways of all organic compounds that TOC includes. Alkenones concentration also relates to primary productivity, but they are constrained by different processes in different regions. In conclusion, as lons as specific constraints are taken into account, our study evaluates the use of chlorins and alkenones as quantitative proxies of past primary productivity, with more accuracy than by using TOC.

Observed use of automatic seat belts in 1987 cars.

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, A F; Wells, J K; Lund, A K; Teed, N

1989-10-01

Usage of the automatic belt systems supplied by six large-volume automobile manufacturers to meet the federal requirements for automatic restraints were observed in suburban Washington, D.C., Chicago, Los Angeles, and Philadelphia. The different belt systems studied were: Ford and Toyota (motorized, nondetachable automatic shoulder belt), Nissan (motorized, detachable shoulder belt), VW and Chrysler (nonmotorized, detachable shoulder belt), and GM (nonmotorized detachable lap and shoulder belt). Use of automatic belts was significantly greater than manual belt use in otherwise comparable late-model cars for all manufacturers except Chrysler; in Chrysler cars, automatic belt use was significantly lower than manual belt use. The automatic shoulder belts provided by Ford, Nissan, Toyota, and VW increased use rates to about 90%. Because use rates were lower in Ford cars with manual belts, their increase was greater. GM cars had the smallest increase in use rates; however, lap belt use was highest in GM cars. The other manufacturers supply knee bolsters to supplement shoulder belt protection; all--except VW--also provide manual lap belts, which were used by about half of those who used the automatic shoulder belt. The results indicate that some manufacturers have been more successful than others in providing automatic belt systems that result in high use that, in turn, will mean fewer deaths and injuries in those cars.

Electric Energy production through Municipal solid wastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agorio Comas, M.; Chediak Nunez, M.; Galan Prado, A.

2010-01-01

The main objective in this investment Project is to improve the integral management of urban solid waste in the city of Salto, Uruguay, obtaining favorable results for the environment and society, contributing moreover in Sustainable Development.First of all, it is recommended the remediation of the current Open air Municipal dumping site. Simultaneously with the Remediation process, a controlled dumping site with daily covers of the compacted solid waste has been designed, as a transition methodology with a lifetime of 3 years approximately.In addition to this, two sanitary landfills are designed wits29h a total lifetime of 7 years, for the operation after the controlled dumping site is closed. There is also a leachate treatment system to process the effluents of the landfills. In order to optimize the use of the landfills, is proposed the simultaneous implementation of a Separated Urban Solid Waste Collection System (SisRReVa). This consist in separating the Valuable Waste (VW) from wet or organic solid waste in origin (home, stores,etc)and collecting it separately.The VW are separated by type (paper, board, glass, plastic and metal) in a Valuable Waste Classification Plant. This plant is designed to process the VW generated in Salto and collected by the SisRReVa for about ten years from now on. (Author)

Legacies and Traditions of Counseling Psychology: When the Past Is Our Future

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, Stephen W.; Vacha-Haase, Tammi

2010-01-01

The Legacies & Traditions Forum has a rich past of documenting individual contributions to the profession of counseling psychology. The history of this forum, as well as early contributors and journal articles, are identified. Themes that emerged from a review of past oral biographies include changes in the work setting for counseling…

Climate changes over the past millennium: Relationships with Mediterranean climates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mann, M.E.

2006-01-01

Evidence is reviewed for climate change and its causes over the interval spanning roughly the past millennium. Particular emphasis is placed on patterns of climate change influencing Mediterranean climates of the Northern Hemisphere. The evidence is taken from studies using high-resolution climate proxy data sources, and climate modeling simulations. The available evidence suggests that forced changes in dynamical modes of variability including the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have played a key role in the patterns of climate variability in Mediterranean regions over the past millennium

Advanced Markov chain Monte Carlo methods learning from past samples

CERN Document Server

Liang, Faming; Carrol, Raymond J

2010-01-01

This book provides comprehensive coverage of simulation of complex systems using Monte Carlo methods. Developing algorithms that are immune to the local trap problem has long been considered as the most important topic in MCMC research. Various advanced MCMC algorithms which address this problem have been developed include, the modified Gibbs sampler, the methods based on auxiliary variables and the methods making use of past samples. The focus of this book is on the algorithms that make use of past samples. This book includes the multicanonical algorithm, dynamic weighting, dynamically weight

Multiscale simulation of water flow past a C540 fullerene

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walther, Jens Honore; Praprotnik, Matej; Kotsalis, Evangelos M.

2012-01-01

We present a novel, three-dimensional, multiscale algorithm for simulations of water flow past a fullerene. We employ the Schwarz alternating overlapping domain method to couple molecular dynamics (MD) of liquid water around the C540 buckyball with a Lattice–Boltzmann (LB) description for the Nav......We present a novel, three-dimensional, multiscale algorithm for simulations of water flow past a fullerene. We employ the Schwarz alternating overlapping domain method to couple molecular dynamics (MD) of liquid water around the C540 buckyball with a Lattice–Boltzmann (LB) description...

Continuum Navier-Stokes modelling of water ow past fullerene molecules

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walther, J. H.; Popadic, A.; Koumoutsakos, P.

We present continuum simulations of water flow past fullerene molecules. The governing Navier-Stokes equations are complemented with the Navier slip boundary condition with a slip length that is extracted from related molecular dynamics simulations. We find that several quantities of interest...... as computed by the present model are in good agreement with results from atomistic and atomistic-continuum simulations at a fraction of the computational cost. We simulate the flow past a single fullerene and an array of fullerenes and demonstrate that such nanoscale flows can be computed efficiently...

Continuum Navier-Stokes modelling of water flow past fullerene molecules

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Walther, J. H.; Popadic, A.; Koumoutsakos, P.

We present continuum simulations of water flow past fullerene molecules. The governing Navier-Stokes equations are complemented with the Navier slip boundary condition with a slip length that is extracted from related molecular dynamics simulations. We find that several quantities of interest...... as computed by the present model are in good agreement with results from atomistic and atomistic-continuum simulations at a fraction of the computational cost. We simulate the flow past a single fullerene and an array of fullerenes and demonstrate that such nanoscale flows can be computed efficiently...

ANALYSIS OF TRANSONIC FLOW PAST CUSPED AIRFOILS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jiří Stodůlka

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Transonic flow past two cusped airfoils is numerically solved and achieved results are analyzed by means of flow behavior and oblique shocks formation.Regions around sharp trailing edges are studied in detail and parameters of shock waves are solved and compared using classical shock polar approach and verified by reduction parameters for symmetric configurations.

Past Forward: Nostalgia as a Motivational Force.

Science.gov (United States)

Sedikides, Constantine; Wildschut, Tim

2016-05-01

Nostalgia has endured a negative reputation, being branded an unhealthy preoccupation with one's past. This reputation is unwarranted. Nostalgia has remarkable implications for one's future. It strengthens approach orientation, raises optimism, evokes inspiration, boosts creativity, and kindles prosociality. Far from reflecting escapism from the present, nostalgia potentiates an attainable future. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Unpackaging the Past: "CLT" through "ELTJ" Keywords

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Duncan; Smith, Richard

2012-01-01

ELT history is often viewed as a succession of methods, but such a view tends to rest on a "packaging up" and labelling of complex and often contested past developments. This process ignores both continuity with earlier developments and diversity of contemporary opinion and often seems to serve as a way to clear the ground for self-proclaimed…

Zelenka: Past and Present, Zelenka Conference Prague

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vytlačil, Lukáš

2016-01-01

Roč. 53, č. 4 (2016), s. 415-417 ISSN 0018-7003. [Zelenka: Past and Present. Kabinet hudební historie Etnologického ústavu AV ČR, 21.10.2016-21.10.2016] Institutional support: RVO:68378076 Keywords : Jan Dismas Zelenka * music history * conferences * composers * baroque music * Dresden court in Saxony Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage

21 CFR 520.300c - Cambendazole paste.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

...) of this chapter. (c) Conditions of use. (1) It is used in horses for the control of large strongyles... kilograms)) by depositing the paste on the back of the tongue using a dosing gun. (3) For animals maintained... in the diagnosis, treatment, and control of parasitism. [41 FR 1276, Jan. 7, 1976, as amended at 42...

40 CFR 81.342 - South Dakota.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... AREAS FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING PURPOSES Section 107 Attainment Status Designations § 81.342 South Dakota... McCook County McPherson County Meade County Mellette County Miner County Minnehaha County Moody County... Lyman County Marshall County McCook County McPherson County Meade County Mellette County Miner County...

75 FR 1566 - Public Hearings for Reconsideration of the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-12

..., Moody Ballroom (located on the ground floor), 8181 Airport Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77061. Telephone... Standards for Ozone'' proposed rule should be addressed to Ms. Susan Lyon Stone, U.S. EPA, Office of Air... Park, NC 27711, telephone: (919) 541-1146, e-mail: stone[email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The...

77 FR 17505 - Morris W. Cochran, M.D.: Revocation of Registration

Science.gov (United States)

2012-03-26

... abnormal. Id. Respondent did not document having taken JC1's vital signs. Id. At this visit, Respondent... withdrawal, was agitated/moody, had insomnia, and had a positive MDQ (Mood Disorder Questionnaire). Id... pain, substance abuse, and bipolar disorder. GX 5, at 3. While Respondent checked ``YES'' for whether...

Final Assembly, Testing and Processing of the Rigidizable Inflatable Get-Away-Special Experiment (RIGEX) for Spaceflight Qualification

Science.gov (United States)

2007-09-01

Determined heating profile of tubes, Verified Piezo patch funtionability after heating, Full Scale Deployment Test, Pressure System Test, SERB - Moody...Ohm Resistor (Vishay Dale) 1 704.910.3 EAO Impulse Switch 1 H335111200 Current Display (Simpson) 1 MB 2061SS1W01- CA Bushing Mount Miniature

Muusika DVD-d / Priit Hõbemägi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Hõbemägi, Priit, 1957-

2006-01-01

Uutest DVD-dest Moody Blues "Lovely to See You - Live", Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds "Road to God Knows Wherw", Thin Lizzy "Thunder and Lightning Tour", Eels "Eels With Strings - Live at Town Hall", Moby "Live. Hotel Tour 2005", Corvus Corax "Cantus Buranus", Destiny's Child "Live in Atlanta"

Performance evaluation for darcy friction factor formulae using ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

It is concluded that Newton Raphson ; Prandtl and Nikurdse; Zingrang and Sylvester ; Serghide ; Barr; Swamee and Jain; Eck ; Haaland ; Brkic ; Wood and Moody are first choice friction formulae based on the values of model of selection criterion. Keywords: Darcy Friction Factor, Pipe Flow, Statistical Methods, Darcy Friction ...

Competitive Strategies and Financial Performance of Small Colleges

Science.gov (United States)

Barron, Thomas A., Jr.

2017-01-01

Many institutions of higher education are facing significant financial challenges, resulting in diminished economic viability and, in the worst cases, the threat of closure (Moody's Investor Services, 2015). The study was designed to explore the effectiveness of competitive strategies for small colleges in terms of financial performance. Five…

Carbon paste electrode incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotube ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The preparation and electrochemical performance of the carbon nanotube paste electrode modified with ferrocene (FCMCNPE) was investigated for electrocatalytic behaviour toward oxidation of -acetyl--cysteine (NAC) in the presence of tryptophan (Trp) using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry ...

Soils as records of past and present environments

Science.gov (United States)

Sauer, Daniela

2015-04-01

This contribution reflects selected pedological concepts that are helpful for interpreting soil properties related to past and present environments. These concepts are illustrated by examples from various landscapes, and their combination finally leads to some further conclusions. The concept of Targulian and Gerasimova (2009) distinguishes soil system and soil body. Soil system is defined as "open multiphase system functioning in any solid-phase substrate at its interface with the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biota", and soil body as "solid-phase part of a soil system produced by its long-term functioning and composed of a vertical sequence of genetic horizons". Soil system functioning corresponds to the recent environmental factors and includes heat and moisture dynamics, biomass production, biogeochemical cycles, and other processes. In contrast, a soil body is a record of the long-term functioning of a soil system. It thus provides a record not only of the functioning of the soil system under the present environmental conditions but also under past, possibly different, conditions. Hence, Targulian and Goryachkin (2004) called it the "memory" of the landscape. Richter and Yaalon (2012) argued that most soils comprise both, features that developed under the present environmental conditions and features that reflect different conditions that the soils experienced in the past; they concluded that most soils are polygenetic. Although the current functioning of the soil system in the concept of Targulian and Gerasimova (2009) is mainly controlled by the present-day combination of environmental factors, it should be added that past processes also influence the soil system, because past processes changed the soil properties in a way that also the present-day functioning of the soil system is affected by these changes. Earlier, Yaalon (1971) had categorised soil properties according to the time-span required for their adjustment to the actual environment, distinguishing

Gastric Cancer: Past, Present and Future

OpenAIRE

Chan, Annie On-On; Wong, Benjamin Chun-Yu; Lam, Shiu-Kum

2001-01-01

Gastric cancer remains a major cause of cancer mortality in the world. However, in the past 10 decades, the view of gastric cancer has been changing. This includes the unexplained decline in the incidence of the cancer, the proximal shift of the cancer in the stomach, the identification of Helicobacter pylori as an etiological agent, rapid development in molecular tumour biology, new treatment modalities and the adoption of mass screening for prevention. This article reviews the changing view...

Embedding the Past in the Present - Final Remarks

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Hove, Erik

2012-01-01

Archives get lost, monuments are often destroyed or their meaning forgotten. A third way to retain the past is to make it part of present daily life. Prof. Van Hove talked about an organisation that takes care of handicapped children, which originated out of an old boarding school run by nuns. He was involved in a project about how to constitute an archive and give such an institution its memory back. The background of this project is the fact that such organisations are today less backed by the caring spirit, the cultural, idealistic context of before, and ever more becoming part of an average business environment. The project thus wanted to make past and present meet. In trying to do so, oral tradition was a major source of information. Such traditions developed for instance through practices such as younger nuns looking after sick, elder nuns, during which a lot of talking was done. Moreover there existed written sources of information, such as personal diaries, letters,.. By putting these different pieces together, the past was reconstructed. The speaker pointed out that every record is almost a story of itself, under the condition that the interpreter has some historical background. This memory circulation and transition is enabled by community feeling; connectedness. Prof. Van Hove thus highlighted the notion of a 'human memory'. He referred in this regard to the relationship between local communities and RWM implementers. This is not about handing out written information documents, but about 'inseminating information into the community'. Living information, for example about incidents and strange things that happened one day, can be added to promote a 'human memory' among local communities. Archives take information outside society, and hide it somewhere far away from daily life. If we want to make the past useful for the present and future, we need to take into consideration the living memory. There are various types of means to insert people with

Battery Electric Vehicles: characteristics and research projects

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Besselink, I.J.M.

2010-01-01

This presentation discusses briefly the history of the electric car and its main characteristics. Two projects introduced: the battery electric VW Lupo EL and URE05e electric Formula Student racecar. Presentation slides.

Statistical Issues in Social Allocation Models of Intelligence: A Review and a Response

Science.gov (United States)

Light, Richard J.; Smith, Paul V.

1971-01-01

This is a response to Shockley (1971) which summarizes the original Light and Smith work; outlines Shockley's criticisms; responds to the statistical issues; and concludes with the methodological implications of the disagreement. (VW)

The influence of different PAST-based subspace trackers on DaPT parameter estimation

Science.gov (United States)

Lechtenberg, M.; Götze, J.

2012-09-01

In the context of parameter estimation, subspace-based methods like ESPRIT have become common. They require a subspace separation e.g. based on eigenvalue/-vector decomposition. In time-varying environments, this can be done by subspace trackers. One class of these is based on the PAST algorithm. Our non-linear parameter estimation algorithm DaPT builds on-top of the ESPRIT algorithm. Evaluation of the different variants of the PAST algorithm shows which variant of the PAST algorithm is worthwhile in the context of frequency estimation.

Affine field theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cadavid, A.C.

1989-01-01

The author constructs a non-Abelian field theory by gauging a Kac-Moody algebra, obtaining an infinite tower of interacting vector fields and associated ghosts, that obey slightly modified Feynman rules. She discusses the spontaneous symmetry breaking of such theory via the Higgs mechanism. If the Higgs particle lies in the Cartan subalgebra of the Kac-Moody algebra, the previously massless vectors acquire a mass spectrum that is linear in the Kac-Moody index and has additional fine structure depending on the associated Lie algebra. She proceeds to show that there is no obstacle in implementing the affine extension of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories. The result is valid in four, six and ten space-time dimensions. Then the affine extension of supergravity is investigated. She discusses only the loop algebra since the affine extension of the super-Poincare algebra appears inconsistent. The construction of the affine supergravity theory is carried out by the group manifold method and leads to an action describing infinite towers of spin 2 and spin 3/2 fields that interact subject to the symmetries of the loop algebra. The equations of motion satisfy the usual consistency check. Finally, she postulates a theory in which both the vector and scalar fields lie in the loop algebra of SO(3). This theory has an expanded soliton sector, and corresponding to the original 't Hooft-Polyakov solitonic solutions she now finds an infinite family of exact, special solutions of the new equations. She also proposes a perturbation method for obtaining an arbitrary solution of those equations for each level of the affine index

Effect of gamma radiation on microbiological quality of shrimp paste (Kapi)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prachasitthisak, Y.; Pringsulaka, V.; Charoen, S.; Bunnak, J.; Ninbodee, T.; Wongsommart, D.

1997-06-01

Seven brands of shrimp paste (Kapi) sold in supermarkets were investigated for microbiological quality and quantity of salt. The effect of gamma radiation at dose 1 to 6 kGy on microbiological quality and on sensory quality of shrimp paste were also evaluated. Total viable bacterial counts of surveyed samples ranged from 1.20 x 10 4 to 4.00 x 10 5 colony forming unit (cfu) per gram and no detectable number of Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, Faecal coliforms, Escherichia coil, Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus was found. The most probable number (MPN) per gram of Clostridium perfringens is ranged from 9 to 240. Percentage of salt in surveyed shrimp pastes was rather high (ranged from 19.08 to 25.08). Radiation with 4 kGy resulted in 2 log cycles reduction of total viable bacterial counts and 2-4 log cycles reduction of halophilic bacteria, but no decrease in the most probable number per gram of CI. perfringens. A dose of 6 kGy gamma radiation was adequate for decreasing the MPN per gram of C. perfringens. No significant change in sensory scores for odour and flavor was observed in irradiated shrimp paste. Only in irradiated at dose of 6 kGy was the significant change in colour observed