Workshop 96. Part II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-12-31

Part II of the seminar proceedings contains contributions in various areas of science and technology, among them materials science in mechanical engineering, materials science in electrical, chemical and civil engineering, and electronics, measuring and communication engineering. In those areas, 6 contributions have been selected for INIS. (P.A.).

Workshop 96. Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-12-01

Part II of the seminar proceedings contains contributions in various areas of science and technology, among them materials science in mechanical engineering, materials science in electrical, chemical and civil engineering, and electronics, measuring and communication engineering. In those areas, 6 contributions have been selected for INIS. (P.A.)

Characterization of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose; Caracterizacao de celulose bacteriana tempo-oxidada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nascimento, Eligenes S.; Pereira, Andre L.S.; Lima, Helder L.; Barroso, Maria K. de A., E-mail: eligenessampaio@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil); Barros, Matheus de O. [Instituto Federal do Ceara (IFCE), Fortaleza, CE (Brazil); Morais, Joao P.S. [Embrapa Algodao, Campina Grande, PB (Brazil); Borges, Maria de F.; Rosa, Morsyleide de F. [Embrapa Agroindustria Tropical, Fortaleza, CE (Brazil)

2015-07-01

The aim of this study was to characterize the TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose, as a preliminary research for further application in nanocomposites. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was selectively oxidized at C-6 carbon by TEMPO radical. Oxidized bacterial cellulose (BCOX) was characterized by TGA, FTIR, XRD, and zeta potential. BCOX suspension was stable at pH 7.0, presented a crystallinity index of 83%, in spite of 92% of BC, because of decrease in the free hydroxyl number. FTIR spectra showed characteristic BC bands and, in addition, band of carboxylic group, proving the oxidation. BCOX DTG showed, in addition to characteristic BC thermal events, a maximum degradation peak at 233 °C, related to sodium anhydro-glucuronate groups formed during the cellulose oxidation. Thus, BC can be TEMPO-oxidized without great loss in its structure and properties. (author)

Spontaneous Entrainment of Running Cadence to Music Tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Dyck, Edith; Moens, Bart; Buhmann, Jeska; Demey, Michiel; Coorevits, Esther; Dalla Bella, Simone; Leman, Marc

Since accumulating evidence suggests that step rate is strongly associated with running-related injuries, it is important for runners to exercise at an appropriate running cadence. As music tempo has been shown to be capable of impacting exercise performance of repetitive endurance activities, it might also serve as a means to (re)shape running cadence. The aim of this study was to validate the impact of music tempo on running cadence. Sixteen recreational runners ran four laps of 200 m (i.e. 800 m in total); this task was repeated 11 times with a short break in between each four-lap sequence. During the first lap of a sequence, participants ran at a self-paced tempo without musical accompaniment. Running cadence of the first lap was registered, and during the second lap, music with a tempo matching the assessed cadence was played. In the final two laps, the music tempo was either increased/decreased by 3.00, 2.50, 2.00, 1.50, or 1.00 % or was kept stable. This range was chosen since the aim of this study was to test spontaneous entrainment (an average person can distinguish tempo variations of about 4 %). Each participant performed all conditions. Imperceptible shifts in musical tempi in proportion to the runner's self-paced running tempo significantly influenced running cadence ( p  tempo conditions and adaptation in running cadence ( p  effect of condition on the level of entrainment was revealed ( p  effects of music tempo on running cadence can only be obtained up to a certain level of tempo modification. Finally, significantly higher levels of tempo entrainment were found for female participants compared to their male counterparts ( p  music tempo could serve as an unprompted means to impact running cadence. As increases in step rate may prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of common running-related injuries, this finding could be especially relevant for treatment purposes, such as exercise prescription and gait retraining. Music tempo

Memory for vocal tempo and pitch.

Science.gov (United States)

Boltz, Marilyn G

2017-11-01

Two experiments examined the ability to remember the vocal tempo and pitch of different individuals, and the way this information is encoded into the cognitive system. In both studies, participants engaged in an initial familiarisation phase while attending was systematically directed towards different aspects of speakers' voices. Afterwards, they received a tempo or pitch recognition task. Experiment 1 showed that tempo and pitch are both incidentally encoded into memory at levels comparable to intentional learning, and no performance deficit occurs with divided attending. Experiment 2 examined the ability to recognise pitch or tempo when the two dimensions co-varied and found that the presence of one influenced the other: performance was best when both dimensions were positively correlated with one another. As a set, these findings indicate that pitch and tempo are automatically processed in a holistic, integral fashion [Garner, W. R. (1974). The processing of information and structure. Potomac, MD: Erlbaum.] which has a number of cognitive implications.

Tempos históricos, tempos físicos, tempos epidemiológicos: prováveis contribuições de Fernand Braudel e Ilya Prigogine ao pensamento epidemiológico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sevalho Gil

1997-01-01

Full Text Available O texto é uma abordagem acerca do tempo enquanto categoria científica para a epidemiologia. A partir do aforismo tempo-lugar-pessoa, o tempo é apontado como elemento pouco pensado pela epidemiologia, embora esteja presente em vários dos seus conceitos. No entanto, o tema tem sido objeto de reflexão importante na movimentação recente de várias disciplinas, tais como a história, a geografia, a biologia e a física, e deve por isto representar para a epidemiologia um ponto de vista interessante, tanto no que concerne ao diálogo interdisciplinar quanto ao estabelecimento de um olhar crítico voltado para a própria disciplina. Com o objetivo de argumentar a respeito destes aspectos, apresenta-se o tempo histórico de Fernand Braudel e o tempo físico de Ilya Prigogine, construções teóricas que serão comparadas com um provável tempo epidemiológico. Ao final, usando a questão das infecções emergentes como exemplo, faz-se considerações sobre a aparente inadequação epistemológica do tempo epidemiológico para reconhecer e lidar com os aspectos sociais e históricos envolvidos na complexidade do adoecer humano coletivo.

Directed Motor-Auditory EEG Connectivity Is Modulated by Music Tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Nicolaou, Nicoletta; Malik, Asad; Daly, Ian; Weaver, James; Hwang, Faustina; Kirke, Alexis; Roesch, Etienne B; Williams, Duncan; Miranda, Eduardo R; Nasuto, Slawomir J

2017-01-01

Beat perception is fundamental to how we experience music, and yet the mechanism behind this spontaneous building of the internal beat representation is largely unknown. Existing findings support links between the tempo (speed) of the beat and enhancement of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity at tempo-related frequencies, but there are no studies looking at how tempo may affect the underlying long-range interactions between EEG activity at different electrodes. The present study investigates these long-range interactions using EEG activity recorded from 21 volunteers listening to music stimuli played at 4 different tempi (50, 100, 150 and 200 beats per minute). The music stimuli consisted of piano excerpts designed to convey the emotion of "peacefulness". Noise stimuli with an identical acoustic content to the music excerpts were also presented for comparison purposes. The brain activity interactions were characterized with the imaginary part of coherence (iCOH) in the frequency range 1.5-18 Hz (δ, θ, α and lower β) between all pairs of EEG electrodes for the four tempi and the music/noise conditions, as well as a baseline resting state (RS) condition obtained at the start of the experimental task. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (a) there was an ongoing long-range interaction in the RS engaging fronto-posterior areas; (b) this interaction was maintained in both music and noise, but its strength and directionality were modulated as a result of acoustic stimulation; (c) the topological patterns of iCOH were similar for music, noise and RS, however statistically significant differences in strength and direction of iCOH were identified; and (d) tempo had an effect on the direction and strength of motor-auditory interactions. Our findings are in line with existing literature and illustrate a part of the mechanism by which musical stimuli with different tempi can entrain changes in cortical activity.

Directed Motor-Auditory EEG Connectivity Is Modulated by Music Tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicoletta Nicolaou

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Beat perception is fundamental to how we experience music, and yet the mechanism behind this spontaneous building of the internal beat representation is largely unknown. Existing findings support links between the tempo (speed of the beat and enhancement of electroencephalogram (EEG activity at tempo-related frequencies, but there are no studies looking at how tempo may affect the underlying long-range interactions between EEG activity at different electrodes. The present study investigates these long-range interactions using EEG activity recorded from 21 volunteers listening to music stimuli played at 4 different tempi (50, 100, 150 and 200 beats per minute. The music stimuli consisted of piano excerpts designed to convey the emotion of “peacefulness”. Noise stimuli with an identical acoustic content to the music excerpts were also presented for comparison purposes. The brain activity interactions were characterized with the imaginary part of coherence (iCOH in the frequency range 1.5–18 Hz (δ, θ, α and lower β between all pairs of EEG electrodes for the four tempi and the music/noise conditions, as well as a baseline resting state (RS condition obtained at the start of the experimental task. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (a there was an ongoing long-range interaction in the RS engaging fronto-posterior areas; (b this interaction was maintained in both music and noise, but its strength and directionality were modulated as a result of acoustic stimulation; (c the topological patterns of iCOH were similar for music, noise and RS, however statistically significant differences in strength and direction of iCOH were identified; and (d tempo had an effect on the direction and strength of motor-auditory interactions. Our findings are in line with existing literature and illustrate a part of the mechanism by which musical stimuli with different tempi can entrain changes in cortical activity.

Directed Motor-Auditory EEG Connectivity Is Modulated by Music Tempo

Science.gov (United States)

Nicolaou, Nicoletta; Malik, Asad; Daly, Ian; Weaver, James; Hwang, Faustina; Kirke, Alexis; Roesch, Etienne B.; Williams, Duncan; Miranda, Eduardo R.; Nasuto, Slawomir J.

2017-01-01

Beat perception is fundamental to how we experience music, and yet the mechanism behind this spontaneous building of the internal beat representation is largely unknown. Existing findings support links between the tempo (speed) of the beat and enhancement of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity at tempo-related frequencies, but there are no studies looking at how tempo may affect the underlying long-range interactions between EEG activity at different electrodes. The present study investigates these long-range interactions using EEG activity recorded from 21 volunteers listening to music stimuli played at 4 different tempi (50, 100, 150 and 200 beats per minute). The music stimuli consisted of piano excerpts designed to convey the emotion of “peacefulness”. Noise stimuli with an identical acoustic content to the music excerpts were also presented for comparison purposes. The brain activity interactions were characterized with the imaginary part of coherence (iCOH) in the frequency range 1.5–18 Hz (δ, θ, α and lower β) between all pairs of EEG electrodes for the four tempi and the music/noise conditions, as well as a baseline resting state (RS) condition obtained at the start of the experimental task. Our findings can be summarized as follows: (a) there was an ongoing long-range interaction in the RS engaging fronto-posterior areas; (b) this interaction was maintained in both music and noise, but its strength and directionality were modulated as a result of acoustic stimulation; (c) the topological patterns of iCOH were similar for music, noise and RS, however statistically significant differences in strength and direction of iCOH were identified; and (d) tempo had an effect on the direction and strength of motor-auditory interactions. Our findings are in line with existing literature and illustrate a part of the mechanism by which musical stimuli with different tempi can entrain changes in cortical activity. PMID:29093672

La liberazione del tempo

CERN Document Server

Selleri, Franco

2003-01-01

Negli ultimi dieci anni ho lavorato alla descrizione dei fenomeni naturali da parte di osservatori in movimento. E' un problema che molti credono risolto una volta per tutte dalle trasformazioni di Lorentz della teoria della relatività speciale (TRS nel seguito), ma che in realtà era rimasto aperto per una serie di ragioni che esporrò. Sento di dover dire che ho trovato risultati molto importanti, anche se il giudizio finale sul loro valore non può certo essere il mio. Infatti la conclusione di questa ricerca è duplice: una spiegazione dei dati empirici migliore di quella relativistica, e l'eliminazione di quegli aspetti della TRS che fanno a pugni con il buon senso; il tutto grazie alla liberazione del tempo dall'asservimento alle coordinate spaziali cui era stato costretto nello spazio a quattro dimensioni di Minkowski. La faccenda è raccontata con dovizia di particolari in un libro recente [FS]. Nel presente articolo espongo gli aspetti salienti della ricerca lasciando da parte quelli matematici.

Synchronization to metrical levels in music depends on low-frequency spectral components and tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Burger, Birgitta; London, Justin; Thompson, Marc R; Toiviainen, Petri

2017-07-15

Previous studies have found relationships between music-induced movement and musical characteristics on more general levels, such as tempo or pulse clarity. This study focused on synchronization abilities to music of finely-varying tempi and varying degrees of low-frequency spectral change/flux. Excerpts from six classic Motown/R&B songs at three different tempos (105, 115, and 130 BPM) were used as stimuli in this experiment. Each was then time-stretched by a factor of 5% with regard to the original tempo, yielding a total of 12 stimuli that were presented to 30 participants. Participants were asked to move along with the stimuli while being recorded with an optical motion capture system. Synchronization analysis was performed relative to the beat and the bar level of the music and four body parts. Results suggest that participants synchronized different body parts to specific metrical levels; in particular, vertical movements of hip and feet were synchronized to the beat level when the music contained large amounts of low-frequency spectral flux and had a slower tempo, while synchronization of head and hands was more tightly coupled to the weak flux stimuli at the bar level. Synchronization was generally more tightly coupled to the slower versions of the same stimuli, while synchronization showed an inverted u-shape effect at the bar level as tempo increased. These results indicate complex relationships between musical characteristics, in particular regarding metrical and temporal structure, and our ability to synchronize and entrain to such musical stimuli.

Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuuki Ooishi

Full Text Available Relaxation and excitation are components of the effects of music listening. The tempo of music is often considered a critical factor when determining these effects: listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music elicits relaxation and excitation, respectively. However, the chemical bases that underlie these relaxation and excitation effects remain unclear. Since parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activities are facilitated by oxytocin and glucocorticoid, respectively, we hypothesized that listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music is accompanied by increases in the oxytocin and cortisol levels, respectively. We evaluated the change in the salivary oxytocin and cortisol levels of participants listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music sequences. We measured the heart rate (HR and calculated the heart rate variability (HRV to evaluate the strength of autonomic nerve activity. After listening to a music sequence, the participants rated their arousal and valence levels. We found that both the salivary oxytocin concentration and the high frequency component of the HRV (HF increased and the HR decreased when a slow-tempo music sequence was presented. The salivary cortisol level decreased and the low frequency of the HRV (LF to HF ratio (LF/HF increased when a fast-tempo music sequence was presented. The ratio of the change in the oxytocin level was correlated with the change in HF, LF/HF and HR, whereas that in the cortisol level did not show any correlation with indices of autonomic nerve activity. There was no correlation between the change in oxytocin level and self-reported emotions, while the change in cortisol level correlated with the arousal level. These findings suggest that listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music is accompanied by an increase in the oxytocin level and a decrease in the cortisol level, respectively, and imply that such music listening-related changes in oxytocin and cortisol are involved in

Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Ken; Kawato, Suguru; Kashino, Makio

2017-01-01

Relaxation and excitation are components of the effects of music listening. The tempo of music is often considered a critical factor when determining these effects: listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music elicits relaxation and excitation, respectively. However, the chemical bases that underlie these relaxation and excitation effects remain unclear. Since parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activities are facilitated by oxytocin and glucocorticoid, respectively, we hypothesized that listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music is accompanied by increases in the oxytocin and cortisol levels, respectively. We evaluated the change in the salivary oxytocin and cortisol levels of participants listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music sequences. We measured the heart rate (HR) and calculated the heart rate variability (HRV) to evaluate the strength of autonomic nerve activity. After listening to a music sequence, the participants rated their arousal and valence levels. We found that both the salivary oxytocin concentration and the high frequency component of the HRV (HF) increased and the HR decreased when a slow-tempo music sequence was presented. The salivary cortisol level decreased and the low frequency of the HRV (LF) to HF ratio (LF/HF) increased when a fast-tempo music sequence was presented. The ratio of the change in the oxytocin level was correlated with the change in HF, LF/HF and HR, whereas that in the cortisol level did not show any correlation with indices of autonomic nerve activity. There was no correlation between the change in oxytocin level and self-reported emotions, while the change in cortisol level correlated with the arousal level. These findings suggest that listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music is accompanied by an increase in the oxytocin level and a decrease in the cortisol level, respectively, and imply that such music listening-related changes in oxytocin and cortisol are involved in physiological

Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music.

Science.gov (United States)

Ooishi, Yuuki; Mukai, Hideo; Watanabe, Ken; Kawato, Suguru; Kashino, Makio

2017-01-01

Relaxation and excitation are components of the effects of music listening. The tempo of music is often considered a critical factor when determining these effects: listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music elicits relaxation and excitation, respectively. However, the chemical bases that underlie these relaxation and excitation effects remain unclear. Since parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activities are facilitated by oxytocin and glucocorticoid, respectively, we hypothesized that listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music is accompanied by increases in the oxytocin and cortisol levels, respectively. We evaluated the change in the salivary oxytocin and cortisol levels of participants listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music sequences. We measured the heart rate (HR) and calculated the heart rate variability (HRV) to evaluate the strength of autonomic nerve activity. After listening to a music sequence, the participants rated their arousal and valence levels. We found that both the salivary oxytocin concentration and the high frequency component of the HRV (HF) increased and the HR decreased when a slow-tempo music sequence was presented. The salivary cortisol level decreased and the low frequency of the HRV (LF) to HF ratio (LF/HF) increased when a fast-tempo music sequence was presented. The ratio of the change in the oxytocin level was correlated with the change in HF, LF/HF and HR, whereas that in the cortisol level did not show any correlation with indices of autonomic nerve activity. There was no correlation between the change in oxytocin level and self-reported emotions, while the change in cortisol level correlated with the arousal level. These findings suggest that listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music is accompanied by an increase in the oxytocin level and a decrease in the cortisol level, respectively, and imply that such music listening-related changes in oxytocin and cortisol are involved in physiological

Tensão entre tempo social e tempo individual The tension between social time and individual time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josué Pereira da Silva

2009-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o tempo na obra de André Gorz, procurando a partir desse tema compreender sua concepção a respeito da relação entre indivíduo e sociedade. Para tanto, identifica e descreve suas três abordagens sobre o tempo: a primeira procura construir uma axiologia de valores baseada nas três dimensões temporais (passado, presente e futuro; a segunda discute a relação entre tempo e envelhecimento; e a terceira trata do tempo de trabalho. Após descrever cada uma dessas três abordagens sobre o tempo, o artigo conclui sugerindo que há uma tensão entre tempo social e tempo do indivíduo na teoria desse autor, tensão que decorre em boa medida de uma visão filosófica que concebe indivíduo e sociedade como entidades quase antagônicas.The article explores the theme of time in the work of André Gorz, using this motif as a basis for understanding his conception of the relationship between individual and society. This aim in mind, it identifies and describes his three approaches to time: the first seeks to construct an axiology of values based on the three temporal dimensions (past, present and future; the second examines the relationship between time and aging; and the third deals with the time of work. After describing each of these three approaches, the article concludes by identifying the tension between social time and individual time in the author's theory, a tension that largely arises from a philosophical viewpoint that conceives individual and society as almost antagonistic entities.

Speed on the dance floor: Auditory and visual cues for musical tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

London, Justin; Burger, Birgitta; Thompson, Marc; Toiviainen, Petri

2016-02-01

Musical tempo is most strongly associated with the rate of the beat or "tactus," which may be defined as the most prominent rhythmic periodicity present in the music, typically in a range of 1.67-2 Hz. However, other factors such as rhythmic density, mean rhythmic inter-onset interval, metrical (accentual) structure, and rhythmic complexity can affect perceived tempo (Drake, Gros, & Penel, 1999; London, 2011 Drake, Gros, & Penel, 1999; London, 2011). Visual information can also give rise to a perceived beat/tempo (Iversen, et al., 2015), and auditory and visual temporal cues can interact and mutually influence each other (Soto-Faraco & Kingstone, 2004; Spence, 2015). A five-part experiment was performed to assess the integration of auditory and visual information in judgments of musical tempo. Participants rated the speed of six classic R&B songs on a seven point scale while observing an animated figure dancing to them. Participants were presented with original and time-stretched (±5%) versions of each song in audio-only, audio+video (A+V), and video-only conditions. In some videos the animations were of spontaneous movements to the different time-stretched versions of each song, and in other videos the animations were of "vigorous" versus "relaxed" interpretations of the same auditory stimulus. Two main results were observed. First, in all conditions with audio, even though participants were able to correctly rank the original vs. time-stretched versions of each song, a song-specific tempo-anchoring effect was observed, such that sped-up versions of slower songs were judged to be faster than slowed-down versions of faster songs, even when their objective beat rates were the same. Second, when viewing a vigorous dancing figure in the A+V condition, participants gave faster tempo ratings than from the audio alone or when viewing the same audio with a relaxed dancing figure. The implications of this illusory tempo percept for cross-modal sensory integration and

Unlearning Established Organizational Routines--Part II

Science.gov (United States)

Fiol, C. Marlena; O'Connor, Edward J.

2017-01-01

Purpose: The purpose of Part II of this two-part paper is to uncover important differences in the nature of the three unlearning subprocesses, which call for different leadership interventions to motivate people to move through them. Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws on research in behavioral medicine and psychology to demonstrate that…

A novel adsorbent TEMPO-mediated oxidized cellulose nanofibrils modified with PEI: Preparation, characterization, and application for Cu(II) removal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Nan; Zang, Guo-Long; Shi, Chen; Yu, Han-Qing; Sheng, Guo-Ping, E-mail: gpsheng@ustc.edu.cn

2016-10-05

Highlights: • A cellulose nanofibril based adsorbent with abundant carboxyl/amino was prepared. • After modification by PEI, the Cu adsorption capacity of nanofibril increased. • TOCN-PEI has good Cu(II) removal ability and its maximum capacity was 52.32 mg g{sup −1}. • Results show Cu adsorption on TOCN-PEI is an exothermic and enthalpy-driven process. • Sorption-desorption tests reveal that TOCN-PEI has good stability for Cu removal. - Abstract: This study describes the preparation of a novel adsorbent based on cellulose nanofibrils by first TEMPO mediated oxidation and then PEI grafting (TOCN-PEI) for heavy metal removal. FTIR results demonstrated the successful introduction of the adsorption functional groups (carboxyl and amino groups), and the elemental analysis and acid base titration were used to quantify the contents of these introduced groups. The kinetics curve suited the pseudo-second-order model better and the equilibrium data well fitted the Langmuir model, with the maximum Cu(II) uptake of 52.32 mg g{sup −1}. Kinetic study showed that the PEI grafting increased the initial adsorption rate of the TOCN-PEI compared with the adsorbents without PEI. Thermodynamic study was carried out through isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurement and the binding reaction was found to be exothermic and driven by enthalpy change. The adsorption process by TOCN-PEI was pH dependent, and decreasing pH would lead to desorption of Cu(II) ions, thus make the reuse of the absorbent more convenient through adsorption-desorption cycles.

Effects of Some Aspects of Rhythm on Tempo Perception.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Cecilia Chu

1984-01-01

Results indicated that significantly more time is needed to perceive tempo increase than tempo decrease, uneven rhythm then even rhythm, and melody alone than melody with accompaniment. Furthermore, significant interaction effects involving beat locations of tempo change suggest that differential groupings may be a factor in tempo discrimination.…

Context effects on tempo and pleasantness judgments for Beatles songs.

Science.gov (United States)

Rashotte, Matthew A; Wedell, Douglas H

2012-04-01

Context effects on tempo and pleasantness judgments of different tempos were demonstrated in three experiments using Beatles songs. In Experiments 1 and 2, we explored how listening to versions of the same song that were played at different tempos affected tempo and pleasantness ratings. In both experiments, contrast effects were found on judgments of tempo, with target tempos rated faster when context tempos were slow than when they were fast. In both experiments, we also showed that the peak of the pleasantness rating function shifted toward the values of the context tempos, reflecting disordinal context effects on pleasantness relationships. Familiarity with the songs did not moderate these effects, and shifts in tempo ratings did not correlate with shifts in most pleasant target tempos when context was manipulated within subjects. In Experiment 3, we examined how manipulations of context tempos for one song affected judgments of the same song as compared with judgments of other more or less similar songs. For tempo ratings, contrast effects transferred to ratings of a similar song, but for pleasantness ratings, assimilative shifts of ideals were found only for the same song and not for similar songs. This pattern of results was supportive of independent bases for the two context effects.

Relationship between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference.

Science.gov (United States)

Karageorghis, Costas I; Jones, Leighton; Low, Daniel C

2006-06-01

The present study examined the predicted positive and linear relationship (Iwanaga, 1995a, 1995b) between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference. Initially, 128 undergraduate students (M age = 20.0 years, SD = 0.9) were surveyed to establish their three favorite music artists. A separate experimental group of 29 undergraduates (M age = 20.3 years, SD = 1.2) selected the music of a single artist from the three highest-rated artists from the earlier survey. They reported their preference for slow, medium, and fast tempo selections from each artist for three treadmill walking conditions at 40%, 60%, and 75% maximal heart rate reserve. A mixed-model 3 x 3 x 2 (Exercise Intensity x Music Tempo x Gender) analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Results indicated there was no three-way interaction for music preference. There was, however, a significant (p Music Tempo (partial eta2 = .09) and a significant (p effect for music tempo, with large differences evident between preference for medium versus slow tempo and fast versus slow tempo music at all exercise intensities (partial eta2 = .78). Participants reported a preference for both medium and fast tempo music at low and moderate exercise intensities and for fast tempo music at high intensity. Only partial support was found for the expected linear relationship between exercise intensity and music tempo preference.

Modalization in the Political Column of Tempo Magazine

OpenAIRE

Rahmah, Maria Betti Sinaga and

2017-01-01

The study focuses on analyzing the use of modalization in the Political Column of Tempo Magazine. The objectives were to find out the type of modalization and to describe the use of modalization in the Political Column of Tempo magazine. The data were taken from Political Column of Tempo magazine published in June and July 2017. The source of data was Political Column in Tempo magazine. The data analysis applied descriptive qualitative research. There were 135 clauses which contained Modaliza...

Automatic movie skimming with general tempo analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Shih-Hung; Yeh, Chia-Hung; Kuo, C. C. J.

2003-11-01

Story units are extracted by general tempo analysis including tempos analysis including tempos of audio and visual information in this research. Although many schemes have been proposed to successfully segment video data into shots using basic low-level features, how to group shots into meaningful units called story units is still a challenging problem. By focusing on a certain type of video such as sport or news, we can explore models with the specific application domain knowledge. For movie contents, many heuristic rules based on audiovisual clues have been proposed with limited success. We propose a method to extract story units using general tempo analysis. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed technique.

Nuclear medicine and thyroid disease - part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chatterton, B.E.

2005-01-01

Part 1 of this article discussed the anatomy, physiology and basic pathology of the thyroid gland. Techniques of thyroid scanning and a few clinical examples are shown part II Copyright (2005) The Australian and New Zealand Society Of Nuclear Medicine Inc

On tempo tracking: Tempogram representation and Kalman filtering

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cemgil, A.T.; Kappen, H.J.; Desain, P.W.M.; Honing, H.J.

2001-01-01

We formulate tempo tracking in a Bayesian framework where a tempo tracker is modeled as a stochastic dynamical system. The tempo is modeled as a hidden state variable of the system and is estimated by a Kalman filter. The Kalman filter operates on a Tempogram, a wavelet-like multiscale expansion of

Tropospheric emissions: Monitoring of pollution (TEMPO)

Science.gov (United States)

Zoogman, P.; Liu, X.; Suleiman, R. M.; Pennington, W. F.; Flittner, D. E.; Al-Saadi, J. A.; Hilton, B. B.; Nicks, D. K.; Newchurch, M. J.; Carr, J. L.; Janz, S. J.; Andraschko, M. R.; Arola, A.; Baker, B. D.; Canova, B. P.; Chan Miller, C.; Cohen, R. C.; Davis, J. E.; Dussault, M. E.; Edwards, D. P.; Fishman, J.; Ghulam, A.; González Abad, G.; Grutter, M.; Herman, J. R.; Houck, J.; Jacob, D. J.; Joiner, J.; Kerridge, B. J.; Kim, J.; Krotkov, N. A.; Lamsal, L.; Li, C.; Lindfors, A.; Martin, R. V.; McElroy, C. T.; McLinden, C.; Natraj, V.; Neil, D. O.; Nowlan, C. R.; O`Sullivan, E. J.; Palmer, P. I.; Pierce, R. B.; Pippin, M. R.; Saiz-Lopez, A.; Spurr, R. J. D.; Szykman, J. J.; Torres, O.; Veefkind, J. P.; Veihelmann, B.; Wang, H.; Wang, J.; Chance, K.

2017-01-01

TEMPO was selected in 2012 by NASA as the first Earth Venture Instrument, for launch between 2018 and 2021. It will measure atmospheric pollution for greater North America from space using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy. TEMPO observes from Mexico City, Cuba, and the Bahamas to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly and at high spatial resolution ( 2.1 km N/S×4.4 km E/W at 36.5°N, 100°W). TEMPO provides a tropospheric measurement suite that includes the key elements of tropospheric air pollution chemistry, as well as contributing to carbon cycle knowledge. Measurements are made hourly from geostationary (GEO) orbit, to capture the high variability present in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry that are unobservable from current low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites that measure once per day. The small product spatial footprint resolves pollution sources at sub-urban scale. Together, this temporal and spatial resolution improves emission inventories, monitors population exposure, and enables effective emission-control strategies. TEMPO takes advantage of a commercial GEO host spacecraft to provide a modest cost mission that measures the spectra required to retrieve ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), formaldehyde (H2CO), glyoxal (C2H2O2), bromine monoxide (BrO), IO (iodine monoxide), water vapor, aerosols, cloud parameters, ultraviolet radiation, and foliage properties. TEMPO thus measures the major elements, directly or by proxy, in the tropospheric O3 chemistry cycle. Multi-spectral observations provide sensitivity to O3 in the lowermost troposphere, substantially reducing uncertainty in air quality predictions. TEMPO quantifies and tracks the evolution of aerosol loading. It provides these near-real-time air quality products that will be made publicly available. TEMPO will launch at a prime time to be the North American component of the global geostationary constellation of pollution monitoring

Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO)

Science.gov (United States)

Zoogman, P.; Liu, X.; Suleiman, R. M.; Pennington, W. F.; Flittner, D. E.; Al-Saadi, J. A.; Hilton, B. B.; Nicks, D. K.; Newchurch, M. J.; Carr, J. L.;

Recent Economic Perspectives on Political Economy, Part II*

Science.gov (United States)

Dewan, Torun; Shepsle, Kenneth A.

2013-01-01

In recent years some of the best theoretical work on the political economy of political institutions and processes has begun surfacing outside the political science mainstream in high quality economics journals. This two-part paper surveys these contributions from a recent five-year period. In Part I, the focus is on elections, voting and information aggregation, followed by treatments of parties, candidates, and coalitions. In Part II, papers on economic performance and redistribution, constitutional design, and incentives, institutions, and the quality of political elites are discussed. Part II concludes with a discussion of the methodological bases common to economics and political science, the way economists have used political science research, and some new themes and arbitrage opportunities. PMID:23606754

Nonhuman primates prefer slow tempos but dislike music overall.

Science.gov (United States)

McDermott, Josh; Hauser, Marc D

2007-09-01

Human adults generally find fast tempos more arousing than slow tempos, with tempo frequently manipulated in music to alter tension and emotion. We used a previously published method [McDermott, J., & Hauser, M. (2004). Are consonant intervals music to their ears? Spontaneous acoustic preferences in a nonhuman primate. Cognition, 94(2), B11-B21] to test cotton-top tamarins and common marmosets, two new-World primates, for their spontaneous responses to stimuli that varied systematically with respect to tempo. Across several experiments, we found that both tamarins and marmosets preferred slow tempos to fast. It is possible that the observed preferences were due to arousal, and that this effect is homologous to the human response to tempo. In other respects, however, these two monkey species showed striking differences compared to humans. Specifically, when presented with a choice between slow tempo musical stimuli, including lullabies, and silence, tamarins and marmosets preferred silence whereas humans, when similarly tested, preferred music. Thus despite the possibility of homologous mechanisms for tempo perception in human and nonhuman primates, there appear to be motivational ties to music that are uniquely human.

Sensorimotor synchronization with tempo-changing auditory sequences: Modeling temporal adaptation and anticipation.

Science.gov (United States)

van der Steen, M C Marieke; Jacoby, Nori; Fairhurst, Merle T; Keller, Peter E

2015-11-11

models. Overall results suggest that adaptation and anticipation mechanisms both play an important role during sensorimotor synchronization with tempo-changing sequences. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Prediction and Attention. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Tempo on Pitch Perception.

Science.gov (United States)

Duke, Robert A.; And Others

1988-01-01

Presents a study which investigated the perception of music majors and nonmusic majors concerning their ability to discriminate the way in which altered musical excerpts differed in pitch or tempo (or both) from preceding presentations. Concludes that both groups responded similarly across conditions and replications, and that tempo changes were…

Increase in salivary oxytocin and decrease in salivary cortisol after listening to relaxing slow-tempo and exciting fast-tempo music

OpenAIRE

Ooishi, Yuuki; Mukai, Hideo; Watanabe, Ken; Kawato, Suguru; Kashino, Makio

2017-01-01

Relaxation and excitation are components of the effects of music listening. The tempo of music is often considered a critical factor when determining these effects: listening to slow-tempo and fast-tempo music elicits relaxation and excitation, respectively. However, the chemical bases that underlie these relaxation and excitation effects remain unclear. Since parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activities are facilitated by oxytocin and glucocorticoid, respectively, we hypothesized that li...

The Morphological Analysis Found in Tempo Magazine

OpenAIRE

Lubis, Khairunnisa

2015-01-01

A paper entitled “The Morphological Analysis Found in Tempo Magazine” discussed about affixation process that is one of field linguistics, Morphology. The data of this research is five articles in Tempo magazine 1405/September 23-29, 2013. The scope of this writing is to find some kinds of prefixes and suffixes are used in Tempo magazine and to find what the dominant affix is. The method of research applied is descriptive qualitative. After analyzing the data, there are 5 kinds of prefixes, n...

Diligencia de estudantes de graduação de tempo integral e tempo parcial

OpenAIRE

Eliel Unglaub

2003-01-01

Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo descrever, discutir e analisar a manifestação de diligência dos estudantes de graduação de Tempo integral e Tempo parcial, em suas múltiplas dimensões, tais como: Disciplina, Conformidade e Responsabilidade, Motivação, Devoção e Espiritualidade e Concentração e Assimilação, em cursos pré-selecionados da UNICAMP. Procurou-se descobrir em que medida outros fatores, tais como: sexo, estado civil, idade, trabalho, turno e renda familiar estão relacionados à d...

The Effect of Speed Alterations on Tempo Note Selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Madsen, Clifford K.; And Others

1986-01-01

Investigated the tempo note preferences of 100 randomly selected college-level musicians using familiar orchestral music as stimuli. Subjects heard selections at increased, decreased, and unaltered tempi. Results showed musicians were not accurate in estimating original tempo and showed consistent preference for faster than actual tempo.…

Meir Sternberg, Raccontare nel Tempo (II: Cronologia, Teleologia, Narrativita Meir Sternberg, Telling in Time II: Chronology, Theleology, Narrativity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Franco Passalacqua

2010-06-01

Full Text Available In questa sezione centrale di Telling in Time II, Meir Sternberg rivolge la propria riflessione alle questioni sorte dall’incontro tra temporalità e narrazione osservato nella parte iniziale del saggio: strategie retoriche di controllo discorsivo, effetti narrativi, dinamica teleologica della sorpresa, sono tutte problematiche, queste, appartenenti a quella dimensione pragmatica che caratterizza la prospettiva di indagine dell’autore. Il percorso argomentativo dei primi capitoli di queste pagine affronta infatti il discorso sugli effetti narrativi, presente nella storia degli studi letterari fin dalla Poetica aristotelica, a partire da premesse che consentono di gettare nuova luce su di essi: se i concetti aristotelici di «rovesciamento», «riconoscimento» e «sorpresa» sono entrati nelle teorizzazioni novecentesche – Sternberg osserva in particolare i lavori pioneristici di Propp e le implicazioni introdotte nell’esperienza narratologica – in forma pressoché immutata, conservando un ancorag- gio alla realtà narrata più che alle modalità narrative, Telling in Time II propone invece di concepirli in relazione al loro «funzionamento comunicativo» e al cosiddetto «principio di Proteo». Nei capi- toli conclusivi dell’articolo, delineata una tale cornice concettuale, queste dinamiche – cui si aggiungono quelle di «suspense» e «curiosità» – vengono assunte quali fattori invarianti del genere narrativo, posti alla base della rete di rapporti teleologici tra il livello rappresentativo e il livello comunicativo che costituiscono il nucleo essenziale della proposta critica sternberghiana.The central section of Telling in Time II directs the attention to the consequences coming from the meeting between time and narrative considered in the first part of this essay: rhetorical strategies, narratives effects, teleological dynamic of surprise are all questions that belong to the pragmatic dimension of

La trama del cosmo spazio, tempo, realtà

CERN Document Server

Greene, Brian

2004-01-01

Dal regno immutabile di Newton, dove lo spazio e il tempo sono assoluti, alla concezione fluida dello spazio-tempo di Einstein, alle tesi della meccanica quantistica, il fisico americano mostra come il mondo sia molto diverso da quello che l'esperienza comune potrebbe far pensare. Concentrandosi sull'enigma del tempo, Greene stabilisce che nessuna regola fisica conferma l'idea che esso scorra in una particolare direzione. Attraverso l'analisi della teoria del big bang, dimostra quanto le recenti teorie delle superstringhe e la M-teoria possano conciliare ogni cosa, dalla più piccola particella al più grande buco nero. Una visione che culmina in un "multiverso" dove spazio e tempo possono dissolversi in entità più sottili e fondamentali.

Absolute Memory for Tempo in Musicians and Non-Musicians.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irene Gratton

Full Text Available The ability to remember tempo (the perceived frequency of musical pulse without external references may be defined, by analogy with the notion of absolute pitch, as absolute tempo (AT. Anecdotal reports and sparse empirical evidence suggest that at least some individuals possess AT. However, to our knowledge, no systematic assessments of AT have been performed using laboratory tasks comparable to those assessing absolute pitch. In the present study, we operationalize AT as the ability to identify and reproduce tempo in the absence of rhythmic or melodic frames of reference and assess these abilities in musically trained and untrained participants. We asked 15 musicians and 15 non-musicians to listen to a seven-step `tempo scale' of metronome beats, each associated to a numerical label, and then to perform two memory tasks. In the first task, participants heard one of the tempi and attempted to report the correct label (identification task, in the second, they saw one label and attempted to tap the correct tempo (production task. A musical and visual excerpt was presented between successive trials as a distractor to prevent participants from using previous tempi as anchors. Thus, participants needed to encode tempo information with the corresponding label, store the information, and recall it to give the response. We found that more than half were able to perform above chance in at least one of the tasks, and that musical training differentiated between participants in identification, but not in production. These results suggest that AT is relatively wide-spread, relatively independent of musical training in tempo production, but further refined by training in tempo identification. We propose that at least in production, the underlying motor representations are related to tactus, a basic internal rhythmic period that may provide a body-based reference for encoding tempo.

Individual differences in boys' and girls' timing and tempo of puberty: modeling development with nonlinear growth models.

Science.gov (United States)

Marceau, Kristine; Ram, Nilam; Houts, Renate M; Grimm, Kevin J; Susman, Elizabeth J

2011-09-01

Pubertal development is a nonlinear process progressing from prepubescent beginnings through biological, physical, and psychological changes to full sexual maturity. To tether theoretical concepts of puberty with sophisticated longitudinal, analytical models capable of articulating pubertal development more accurately, we used nonlinear mixed-effects models to describe both the timing and tempo of pubertal development in the sample of 364 White boys and 373 White girls measured across 6 years as part of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Individual differences in timing and tempo were extracted with models of logistic growth. Differential relations emerged for how boys' and girls' timing and tempo of development were related to physical characteristics (body mass index, height, and weight) and psychological outcomes (internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and risky sexual behavior). Timing and tempo are associated in boys but not girls. Pubertal timing and tempo are particularly important for predicting psychological outcomes in girls but only sparsely related to boys' psychological outcomes. Results highlight the importance of considering the nonlinear nature of puberty and expand the repertoire of possibilities for examining important aspects of how and when pubertal processes contribute to development.

Preferred Dance Tempo

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dahl, Sofia; Huron, David; Brod, Garvin

2014-01-01

In two experiments participants tuned a drum machine to their preferred dance tempo. Measurements of height, shoulder width, leg length, and weight were taken for each participant, and their sex recorded. Using a multiple regression analysis, height and leg length combined was found to be the bes...

Characterization of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nascimento, Eligenes S.; Pereira, Andre L.S.; Lima, Helder L.; Barroso, Maria K. de A.; Barros, Matheus de O.; Morais, Joao P.S.; Borges, Maria de F.; Rosa, Morsyleide de F.

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to characterize the TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose, as a preliminary research for further application in nanocomposites. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was selectively oxidized at C-6 carbon by TEMPO radical. Oxidized bacterial cellulose (BCOX) was characterized by TGA, FTIR, XRD, and zeta potential. BCOX suspension was stable at pH 7.0, presented a crystallinity index of 83%, in spite of 92% of BC, because of decrease in the free hydroxyl number. FTIR spectra showed characteristic BC bands and, in addition, band of carboxylic group, proving the oxidation. BCOX DTG showed, in addition to characteristic BC thermal events, a maximum degradation peak at 233 °C, related to sodium anhydro-glucuronate groups formed during the cellulose oxidation. Thus, BC can be TEMPO-oxidized without great loss in its structure and properties. (author)

Tempo Preferences of Different Age Music Listeners.

Science.gov (United States)

LeBlanc, Albert; And Others

1988-01-01

Measures the effect of four levels of tempo on the self-reported preferences of six different age-groups for traditional jazz music listening examples. Stated that listener age exerted a strong influence on overall preference scores. Reported an analysis of variance showing that there is a significant preference for increasingly faster tempo at…

Carbon aerogels by pyrolysis of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Sizhao; Feng, Jian; Feng, Junzong; Jiang, Yonggang; Ding, Feng

2018-05-01

Although carbon aerogels derived from naturally occurring materials have been developed extensively, a reasonable synthetic approach using cellulose-resource remains unclear. Here, we report a strategy to prepare carbon aerogels originated from cellulose position-selectively oxidized by TEMPO-oxidized process. Contrary to non-TEMPO-oxidized cellulose-derived carbon aerogels (NCCA) with relative loose structure, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose-derived carbon aerogels (TCCA) with tight fibrillar-continuous network are monitored, suggesting the importance of TEMPO-oxidized modification towards creating the architecture of subsequently produced carbon aerogels. TCCA endows a higher BET area despite owning slightly dense bulk density comparing with that of NCCA. The structural texture of TCCA could be maintained in a way in comparison to TEMPO-oxidized cellulose-derived aerogel, due to the integration and aggregation effect by losing the electric double layer repulsion via ionization of the surface carboxyl groups. FTIR and XPS analyses signify the evidence of non-functionalized carbon-skeleton network formation in terms of TCCA. Further, the mechanism concerning the creation of carbon aerogels is also established. These findings not only provide new insights into the production of carbon aerogels but also open up a new opportunity in the field of functional carbon materials.

Sympathetic Tone Induced by High Acoustic Tempo Requires Fast Respiration.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ken Watanabe

Full Text Available Many studies have revealed the influences of music, and particularly its tempo, on the autonomic nervous system (ANS and respiration patterns. Since there is the interaction between the ANS and the respiratory system, namely sympatho-respiratory coupling, it is possible that the effect of musical tempo on the ANS is modulated by the respiratory system. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the relationship between musical tempo and respiratory rate on the ANS. Fifty-two healthy people aged 18-35 years participated in this study. Their respiratory rates were controlled by using a silent electronic metronome and they listened to simple drum sounds with a constant tempo. We varied the respiratory rate-acoustic tempo combination. The respiratory rate was controlled at 15 or 20 cycles per minute (CPM and the acoustic tempo was 60 or 80 beats per minute (BPM or the environment was silent. Electrocardiograms and an elastic chest band were used to measure the heart rate and respiratory rate, respectively. The mean heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV were regarded as indices of ANS activity. We observed a significant increase in the mean heart rate and the low (0.04-0.15 Hz to high (0.15-0.40 Hz frequency ratio of HRV, only when the respiratory rate was controlled at 20 CPM and the acoustic tempo was 80 BPM. We suggest that the effect of acoustic tempo on the sympathetic tone is modulated by the respiratory system.

Sympathetic Tone Induced by High Acoustic Tempo Requires Fast Respiration.

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Ken; Ooishi, Yuuki; Kashino, Makio

2015-01-01

Many studies have revealed the influences of music, and particularly its tempo, on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and respiration patterns. Since there is the interaction between the ANS and the respiratory system, namely sympatho-respiratory coupling, it is possible that the effect of musical tempo on the ANS is modulated by the respiratory system. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the relationship between musical tempo and respiratory rate on the ANS. Fifty-two healthy people aged 18-35 years participated in this study. Their respiratory rates were controlled by using a silent electronic metronome and they listened to simple drum sounds with a constant tempo. We varied the respiratory rate-acoustic tempo combination. The respiratory rate was controlled at 15 or 20 cycles per minute (CPM) and the acoustic tempo was 60 or 80 beats per minute (BPM) or the environment was silent. Electrocardiograms and an elastic chest band were used to measure the heart rate and respiratory rate, respectively. The mean heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were regarded as indices of ANS activity. We observed a significant increase in the mean heart rate and the low (0.04-0.15 Hz) to high (0.15-0.40 Hz) frequency ratio of HRV, only when the respiratory rate was controlled at 20 CPM and the acoustic tempo was 80 BPM. We suggest that the effect of acoustic tempo on the sympathetic tone is modulated by the respiratory system.

Effects of Tempo and Context on Transfer of Performance Skills.

Science.gov (United States)

Duke, Robert A.; Pierce, Michael A.

1991-01-01

Discusses research that examined the effects of melodic content and performance tempo on the ability of university music majors to perform previously learned music passages in new settings. Finds tempo accuracy and pitch accuracy were adversely affected by differences between originally learned tempo and tempi at which works were later performed.…

PIO I-II tendencies. Part 2. Improving the pilot modeling

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ioan URSU

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The study is conceived in two parts and aims to get some contributions to the problem ofPIO aircraft susceptibility analysis. Part I, previously published in this journal, highlighted the mainsteps of deriving a complex model of human pilot. The current Part II of the paper considers a properprocedure of the human pilot mathematical model synthesis in order to analyze PIO II typesusceptibility of a VTOL-type aircraft, related to the presence of position and rate-limited actuator.The mathematical tools are those of semi global stability theory developed in recent works.

UM ESTUDO SOBRE O TEMPO-PADRÃO NO PROCESSO PRODUTIVO DE RECAPAGEM DE PNEUS EM UMA CONCESSIONÁRIA DE VEÍCULOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas Dittmar Weise

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Em um contexto de um mercado cada vez mais competitivo, as empresas necessitam manter-se em constante busca por aperfeiçoamento em seus processos. Para isso, a administração eficaz dos seus processos produtivos e das operações desenvolvidas traz consigo elementos voltados para o alcance dos objetivos estratégicos, podendo ocasionar sucessivas reduções de uso desnecessário dos recursos, de tempo e, consequentemente, de capital, o que poderá gerar mais ganhos financeiros e menor desperdício. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o processo produtivo da recapagem de pneus em uma concessionária de veículos através do estudo do tempo-padrão das operações. O estudo desenvolveu-se por meio de um estudo de caso, com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, do tipo descritiva. Primeiramente, através de observação in loco, analisaram-se, durante o processo de recapagem de pneus, o tempo normal e o tempo-padrão das atividades desempenhadas e, posteriormente, todas as etapas foram devidamente cronometradas, mediante doze repetições, para, então, se chegar ao cálculo do tempo médio de cada etapa do processo de recapagem. Como resultados, destaca-se que, em grande parte das etapas do processo, o tempo médio e o tempo-padrão identificados são semelhantes, não apresentando discrepância significativa entre os valores encontrados. No entanto, o problema referente à rotatividade de colaboradores no setor é uma questão que precisa ser analisada com mais atenção por parte dos gestores da empresa. Palavras-chave: Gestão da produção. Gerenciamento de processos. Planejamento de recursos.

Is expressive timing relational invariant under tempo transformation?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Honing, H.

2007-01-01

This empirical study is concerned with examining the relation between tempo and expressive timing in music performance. This was investigated by asking listeners (N = 307) to distinguish between an original recording and a tempo-transformed version in a musical genre of their preference (jazz or

Carmen Covito’s ‘Tempo parziale’ : Mothering and Work in Italy in a Nutshell

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jansen, M.M.

2016-01-01

Carmen Covito’s short story ‘Tempo parziale’ (2009) [‘Part Time’] can be read as a comment on the peculiarities of female employment and defective social policies in contemporary Italy. Originally written in 2007 for the INAIL campaign Diritti senza rovesci [Rights without flip side] against

Creative Potential and Conceptual Tempo in Preschool Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Broberg, Gayle Christensen; Moran, James D., III

1988-01-01

Individual stylistic variations of creative potential and conceptual tempo were investigated in 61 preschool children. No differences between reflective and impulsive preschoolers were found on the ideational fluency measure. Conceptual tempo scores revealed greater originality scores for the fast/accurate and slow/inaccurate groups compared to…

Validating the standard for the National Board Dental Examination Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Tsai, Tsung-Hsun; Neumann, Laura M; Littlefield, John H

2012-05-01

As part of the overall exam validation process, the Joint Commission on National Dental Examinations periodically reviews and validates the pass/fail standard for the National Board Dental Examination (NBDE), Parts I and II. The most recent standard-setting activities for NBDE Part II used the Objective Standard Setting method. This report describes the process used to set the pass/fail standard for the 2009 exam. The failure rate on the NBDE Part II increased from 5.3 percent in 2008 to 13.7 percent in 2009 and then decreased to 10 percent in 2010. This article describes the Objective Standard Setting method and presents the estimated probabilities of classification errors based on the beta binomial mathematical model. The results show that the probability of correct classifications of candidate performance is very high (0.97) and that probabilities of false negative and false positive errors are very small (.03 and <0.001, respectively). The low probability of classification errors supports the conclusion that the pass/fail score on the NBDE Part II is a valid guide for making decisions about candidates for dental licensure.

Sniffer para redes Ethernet de tempo-real baseado em FPGA

OpenAIRE

Faria, João Pedro Puga

2008-01-01

A crescente utilização de sistemas distribuídos em aplicações de tempo-real tem levado á criação de protocolos de comunicação cada vez mais com- plexos e sofisticados. Apesar da rede Ethernet não apresentar característi- cas de tempo-real, devido ás suas vantagens, têm sido desenvolvidos muitos protocolos de comunicação tempo-real baseados em Ethernet. Nesta disser- tação é analisada a importância das arquitecturas distribuídas em aplicações de tempo-real, sendo apresentados...

Template-Based Estimation of Time-Varying Tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peeters Geoffroy

2007-01-01

Full Text Available We present a novel approach to automatic estimation of tempo over time. This method aims at detecting tempo at the tactus level for percussive and nonpercussive audio. The front-end of our system is based on a proposed reassigned spectral energy flux for the detection of musical events. The dominant periodicities of this flux are estimated by a proposed combination of discrete Fourier transform and frequency-mapped autocorrelation function. The most likely meter, beat, and tatum over time are then estimated jointly using proposed meter/beat subdivision templates and a Viterbi decoding algorithm. The performances of our system have been evaluated on four different test sets among which three were used during the ISMIR 2004 tempo induction contest. The performances obtained are close to the best results of this contest.

INFLUENCIA DEL TEMPO DE LA MÚSICA EN LAS EMOCIONES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jonathan Azael Caballero-Meneses

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se sabe que la música puede influir en dos componentes de lasemociones: el arousal y la valencia. En particular, se ha reportadoque el tempo o rapidez de la música está directamenterelacionado con el arousal, aunque su relación con la valenciao medida de afecto no es aún clara. En este trabajo se analizóla influencia del tempo en ambos componentes mediante laexposición de 24 estudiantes de licenciatura a treinta extractosmusicales de distinto tempo. Además se evaluó la posiblemodulación de la relación tempo-valencia por el rasgo de personalidadextroversión/introversión. Los resultados confirmaronla influencia del tempo sobre el arousal, pero no sobrela valencia, así como una posible mediación de la dimensiónde personalidad introversión-extroversión sobre la valencia.

Fios que Tecem o Tempo Escolar: do ritmo padrão à simultaneidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Sueli Teixeira de Pinho

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Este texto tem por objetivo tecer os fios que, de modo complexo, atam e desatam, de forma silenciosa, a constituição do tempo em duas escolas com classes multisseriadas da Ilha de Maré, problematizando a ideia de ritmo padrão e apontando a simultaneidade como possibilidade para o tempo escolar. Do ponto de vista metodológico foi adotada a narrativa (autobiográfica, e a técnica de pesquisa selecionada foi a entrevista narrativa. O estudo realizado aponta que o tempo escolar, das duas escolas pesquisadas, é convidado a reconhecer a existência e a legitimidade de outros tempos, para além do seu: o tempo da maré, o tempo do trabalho, o tempo das práticas simbólicas, o tempo livre e as temporalidades dos sujeitos.

Globalization in the pharmaceutical industry, Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Casadio Tarabusi, C; Vickery, G

1998-01-01

This is the second of a two-part report on the pharmaceutical industry. Part II begins with a discussion of foreign direct investment and inter-firm networks, which covers international mergers, acquisitions, and minority participation; market shares of foreign-controlled firms; international collaboration agreements (with a special note on agreements in biotechnology); and licensing agreements. The final section of the report covers governmental policies on health and safety regulation, price regulation, industry and technology, trade, foreign investment, protection of intellectual property, and competition.

Tempo enhances heat-induced apoptosis by mitochondrial targeting of Bax

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao, Q.-L.; Fujiwara, Y.; Kondo, T.

2003-01-01

A stable membrane-permeable nitroxide, Tempo, exerts an SOD-like antioxidant activity against ROS. Reportedly, Tempo inhibits ROS-induced thymocyte apoptosis, while 10 mM Tempo activates JNK1 to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We have observed that nontoxic 5 mM Tempo enhances suboptimal hyperthermia (44 deg C/10 min)-induced apoptosis in U937 cells. Here we report the enhancing mechanism, focusing on activation and targeting of Bax to mitochondria and cytochrome c release. Methods: U937 cells were treated with either Tempo (5 mM, 37 deg C/10 min), heating (44 deg C/10 min), or Tempo-plus-heating, washed and incubated for various times up to 6 h, until assessing apoptosis, mitochondrial potential (ΔΨ>), and amount of superoxide by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI, TMRM, and dihydroethidium, respectively. Bax, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, and cytochrome c were detected by western blotting, activated Bax was by immunoprecipitation, and ATP was by a luciferase assay. Bax targeting to and cytochrome c release from mitochorndria were also detected immunocytochemically under fluorescent microscopy. Results and Discussion: Treatment of U937 cells with 5 mM Tempo for 10 min at 37 deg C or suboptimal heating (44 deg C/ 10 min) alone did not induce apoptosis. The combined treatment with 5 mM Tempo and 44 deg C for 10 min dramatically induced ∼90% apoptosis in 6 h, as did the 44 deg C/30 min heating. During the enhanced apoptosis, cytochrome c release progressed. Although signals of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL and Bax in cell lysates were not altered, Bax was specifically activated and translocated to mitochondria after the combined treatment. Further, loss of ΔΨ>and decreases in superoxide and ATP progressed after the combined treatment, suggesting that the treatment may disturb mitochondrial electron transport. Thus, Tempo sensitizes the heat-induced apoptosis through (1) targeting of Bax to mitochondria and releasing cytochrome c, and (2) mitochondrial dysfunction

Passive listening to preferred motor tempo modulates corticospinal excitability.

Science.gov (United States)

Michaelis, Kelly; Wiener, Martin; Thompson, James C

2014-01-01

Rhythms are an essential characteristic of our lives, and auditory-motor coupling affects a variety of behaviors. Previous research has shown that the neural regions associated with motor system processing are coupled to perceptual rhythmic and melodic processing such that the perception of rhythmic stimuli can entrain motor system responses. However, the degree to which individual preference modulates the motor system is unknown. Recent work has shown that passively listening to metrically strong rhythms increases corticospinal excitability, as indicated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Furthermore, this effect is modulated by high-groove music, or music that inspires movement, while neuroimaging evidence suggests that premotor activity increases with tempos occurring within a preferred tempo (PT) category. PT refers to the rate of a hypothetical endogenous oscillator that may be indicated by spontaneous motor tempo (SMT) and preferred perceptual tempo (PPT) measurements. The present study investigated whether listening to a rhythm at an individual's PT preferentially modulates motor system excitability. SMT was obtained in human participants through a tapping task in which subjects were asked to tap a response key at their most comfortable rate. Subjects listened a 10-beat tone sequence at 11 log-spaced tempos and rated their preference for each (PPT). We found that SMT and PPT measurements were correlated, indicating that preferred and produced tempos occurred at a similar rate. Crucially, single-pulse TMS delivered to left M1 during PPT judgments revealed that corticospinal excitability, measured by motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), was modulated by tempos traveling closer to individual PT. However, the specific nature of this modulation differed across individuals, with some exhibiting an increase in excitability around PT and others exhibiting a decrease. These findings suggest that auditory-motor coupling induced by rhythms is preferentially

29 CFR Appendix II to Part 1918 - Tables for Selected Miscellaneous Auxiliary Gear (Mandatory)

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 7 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Tables for Selected Miscellaneous Auxiliary Gear (Mandatory) II Appendix II to Part 1918 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND.... 1918, App. II Appendix II to Part 1918—Tables for Selected Miscellaneous Auxiliary Gear (Mandatory...

Characterization of TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo, Honglin; Xiong, Guangyao; Hu, Da; Ren, Kaijing; Yao, Fanglian; Zhu, Yong; Gao, Chuan; Wan, Yizao

2013-01-01

Introduction of active groups on the surface of bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers is one of the promising routes of tailoring the performance of BC scaffolds for tissue engineering. This paper reported the introduction of aldehyde groups to BC nanofibers by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxy radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and evaluation of the potential of the TEMPO-oxidized BC as tissue engineering scaffolds. Periodate oxidation was also conducted for comparison. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out to determine the existence of aldehyde groups on BC nanofibers and the crystallinity. In addition, properties relevant to scaffold applications such as morphology, fiber diameter, mechanical properties, and in vitro degradation were characterized. The results indicated that periodate oxidation could introduce free aldehyde to BC nanofibers and the free aldehyde groups on the TEMPO-oxidized BC tended to transfer to acetal groups. It was also found that the advantageous 3D structure of BC scaffolds remained unchanged and that no significant changes in morphology, fiber diameter, tensile structure and in vitro degradation were found after TEMPO-mediated oxidation while significant differences were observed upon periodate oxidation. The present study revealed that TEMPO-oxidation could impart BC scaffolds with new functions while did not degrade their intrinsic advantages. - Highlights: • TEMPO-mediated oxidation on BC scaffold for tissue engineering use was conducted. • TEMPO-mediated oxidation did not degrade the intrinsic advantages of BC scaffold. • TEMPO-mediated oxidation could impart BC scaffold with new functional groups. • Feasibility of TEMPO-oxidized BC as tissue engineering scaffold was confirmed

Effects of timbre and tempo change on memory for music.

Science.gov (United States)

Halpern, Andrea R; Müllensiefen, Daniel

2008-09-01

We investigated the effects of different encoding tasks and of manipulations of two supposedly surface parameters of music on implicit and explicit memory for tunes. In two experiments, participants were first asked to either categorize instrument or judge familiarity of 40 unfamiliar short tunes. Subsequently, participants were asked to give explicit and implicit memory ratings for a list of 80 tunes, which included 40 previously heard. Half of the 40 previously heard tunes differed in timbre (Experiment 1) or tempo (Experiment 2) in comparison with the first exposure. A third experiment compared similarity ratings of the tunes that varied in timbre or tempo. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results suggest first that the encoding task made no difference for either memory mode. Secondly, timbre and tempo change both impaired explicit memory, whereas tempo change additionally made implicit tune recognition worse. Results are discussed in the context of implicit memory for nonsemantic materials and the possible differences in timbre and tempo in musical representations.

Tempo and walking speed with music in the urban context.

Science.gov (United States)

Franěk, Marek; van Noorden, Leon; Režný, Lukáš

2014-01-01

The study explored the effect of music on the temporal aspects of walking behavior in a real outdoor urban setting. First, spontaneous synchronization between the beat of the music and step tempo was explored. The effect of motivational and non-motivational music (Karageorghis et al., 1999) on the walking speed was also studied. Finally, we investigated whether music can mask the effects of visual aspects of the walking route environment, which involve fluctuation of walking speed as a response to particular environmental settings. In two experiments, we asked participants to walk around an urban route that was 1.8 km in length through various environments in the downtown area of Hradec Králové. In Experiment 1, the participants listened to a musical track consisting of world pop music with a clear beat. In Experiment 2, participants were walking either with motivational music, which had a fast tempo and a strong rhythm, or with non-motivational music, which was slower, nice music, but with no strong implication to movement. Musical beat, as well as the sonic character of the music listened to while walking, influenced walking speed but did not lead to precise synchronization. It was found that many subjects did not spontaneously synchronize with the beat of the music at all, and some subjects synchronized only part of the time. The fast, energetic music increases the speed of the walking tempo, while slower, relaxing music makes the walking tempo slower. Further, it was found that listening to music with headphones while walking can mask the influence of the surrounding environment to some extent. Both motivational music and non-motivational music had a larger effect than the world pop music from Experiment 1. Individual differences in responses to the music listened to while walking that were linked to extraversion and neuroticism were also observed. The findings described here could be useful in rhythmic stimulation for enhancing or recovering the features of

Tempo and walking speed with music in the urban context

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marek eFranek

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The study explored the effect of music on the temporal aspects of walking behavior in a real outdoor urban setting. First, spontaneous synchronization between the beat of the music and step tempo was explored. The effect of motivational and non-motivational music (Karageorghis et al. 1999 on the walking speed was also studied. Finally, we investigated whether music can mask the effects of visual aspects of the walking route environment, which involve fluctuation of walking speed as a response to particular environmental settings. In two experiments, we asked participants to walk around an urban route through various environments in the downtown area of Hradec Králové. In Experiment 1, the participants listened to a musical track consisting of world pop music with a clear beat. In Experiment 2, participants were walking either with motivational music, which had a fast tempo and a strong rhythm, or with non-motivational music, which was slower, nice music, but with no strong implication to movement. Musical beat, as well as the sonic character of the music listened to while walking, influenced walking speed but did not lead to precise synchronization. It was found that many subjects did not spontaneously synchronize with the beat of the music at all, and some subjects synchronized only part of the time. The fast, energetic music increases the speed of the walking tempo, while slower, relaxing music makes the walking tempo slower. Further, it was found that listening to music with headphones while walking can mask the influence of the surrounding environment to some extent. Both motivational music and non-motivational music had a larger effect than the music from Experiment 1. Individual differences in responses to the music listened to while walking that were linked to extraversion and neuroticism were also observed. The findings described here could be useful in rhythmic stimulation for enhancing or recovering the features of movement

Tempo and walking speed with music in the urban context

Science.gov (United States)

Franěk, Marek; van Noorden, Leon; Režný, Lukáš

2014-01-01

The study explored the effect of music on the temporal aspects of walking behavior in a real outdoor urban setting. First, spontaneous synchronization between the beat of the music and step tempo was explored. The effect of motivational and non-motivational music (Karageorghis et al., 1999) on the walking speed was also studied. Finally, we investigated whether music can mask the effects of visual aspects of the walking route environment, which involve fluctuation of walking speed as a response to particular environmental settings. In two experiments, we asked participants to walk around an urban route that was 1.8 km in length through various environments in the downtown area of Hradec Králové. In Experiment 1, the participants listened to a musical track consisting of world pop music with a clear beat. In Experiment 2, participants were walking either with motivational music, which had a fast tempo and a strong rhythm, or with non-motivational music, which was slower, nice music, but with no strong implication to movement. Musical beat, as well as the sonic character of the music listened to while walking, influenced walking speed but did not lead to precise synchronization. It was found that many subjects did not spontaneously synchronize with the beat of the music at all, and some subjects synchronized only part of the time. The fast, energetic music increases the speed of the walking tempo, while slower, relaxing music makes the walking tempo slower. Further, it was found that listening to music with headphones while walking can mask the influence of the surrounding environment to some extent. Both motivational music and non-motivational music had a larger effect than the world pop music from Experiment 1. Individual differences in responses to the music listened to while walking that were linked to extraversion and neuroticism were also observed. The findings described here could be useful in rhythmic stimulation for enhancing or recovering the features of

Luz e tempo na melancolia I

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudio Soares Braga Furtado

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A comparação entre as artes possibilita figurar o tempo como elemento comum entre a gravura renascentista de Dürer, a escultura romana de Laocoonte e o conto de Guimarães Rosa. A partir da leitura dessas artes distantes em forma, meios, época e lugar, descobrem-se mistérios aludidos em sutis sinais, que, se ainda não despertos na consciência criativa, estimulam interpretações. O papel da luz como unificadora das entidades tempo/espaço restabelece o princípio clássico da ut pictura poesis na leitura moderna.

Fenomenologia do tempo vivido no transtorno bipolar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Virginia Moreira

Full Text Available Com base na tradição da psicopatologia fenomenológica, este artigo se propõe a contribuir para a compreensão do mundo vivido do paciente bipolar, marcado por uma forte alteração do tempo vivido. Realizamos uma descrição deste tempo vivido significado de forma diferente nas oscilações de humor chamadas de fase maníaca e fase melancólica. Pensado a partir da temporalidade, na fase melancólica, o bipolar parece parar no tempo, não se lança em um devir. Na fase maníaca, o sujeito vive demasiadamente um agora como se tivesse explodido sua biografia. Concluímos que estas fases, ou dois pólos opostos no funcionamento temporal patológico do sofrimento bipolar, constituem fundamentalmente um mesmo mundo vivido.

The effect of music tempo on perceived crowding in retailing

OpenAIRE

Fiksdal, Taisiya; Hua, Wen

2016-01-01

Masteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Strategic Marketing Management - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2016 In the marketing field the influence of in-store atmospherics on consumers’ shopping behavior is widely accepted. We seek to understand the effects of instore music tempo on perceived crowding and how music tempo can affect emotions, arousal and perceived control occurring in retail stores. Hence, our research questions are the following: Does music tempo influence the perce...

46 CFR Table II to Part 150 - Grouping of Cargoes

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... solution Potassium oleate Potassium salt of polyolefin acid Propyl acetate Propylene carbonate Propylene... lignosulfonate solution Sodium polyacrylate solution 2 Sodium salt of Ferric hydroxyethylethylenediamine... 46 Shipping 5 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Grouping of Cargoes II Table II to Part 150 Shipping...

Tempo no museu e o museu no tempo

OpenAIRE

Monteiro, Renata; Gouvêa, Guaracira

2015-01-01

Este estudo discute o tempo mediante o lugar e objeto nos museus de ciência e técnica, apresentando diferentes abordagens teóricas a partir de uma perspectiva física e social. Este aporte subsidia a análise de discursos do público espontâneo do Museu de Artes e Ofícios, que expõe objetos históricos relacionados ao universo do trabalho, técnicas e ofícios do período pré-industrial brasileiro. Os discursos analisados mediante a metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo tiveram como ponto de p...

Revisiting the relationship between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference.

Science.gov (United States)

Karageorghis, Costas I; Jones, Leighton; Priest, David-Lee; Akers, Rose I; Clarke, Adam; Perry, Jennifer M; Reddick, Benjamin T; Bishop, Daniel T; Lim, Harry B T

2011-06-01

In the present study, we investigated a hypothesized quartic relationship (meaning three inflection points) between exercise heart rate (HR) and preferred music tempo. Initial theoretical predictions suggested a positive linear relationship (Iwanaga, 1995a, 1995b); however, recent experimental work has shown that as exercise HR increases, step changes and plateaus that punctuate the profile of music tempo preference may occur (Karageorghis, Jones, & Stuart, 2008). Tempi bands consisted of slow (95-100 bpm), medium (115-120 bpm), fast (135-140 bpm), and very fast (155-160 bpm) music. Twenty-eight active undergraduate students cycled at exercise intensities representing 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of their maximal HR reserve while their music preference was assessed using a 10-point scale. The Exercise Intensity x Music Tempo interaction was significant, F(6.16, 160.05) = 7.08, p music-tempo relationship (p music was not preferred at any exercise intensity, preference for fast tempo increased, relative to medium and very fast tempo music, as exercise intensity increased. The implications for the prescription of music in exercise and physical activity contexts are discussed.

40 CFR Appendix II to Part 600 - Sample Fuel Economy Calculations

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 29 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sample Fuel Economy Calculations II... FUEL ECONOMY AND CARBON-RELATED EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF MOTOR VEHICLES Pt. 600, App. II Appendix II to Part 600—Sample Fuel Economy Calculations (a) This sample fuel economy calculation is applicable to...

Fughe ‘dal’ tempo, fughe ‘nel’ tempo: Borges, McTaggart, Nabokov

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesco Baucia

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Questo intervento presenta due diversi tipi di rapporto tra i concetti di ‘fuga’ e di ‘temporalità’, che sono esemplificati da due frasi tratte da una coppia di opere di V. Nabokov. Il primo tipo di rapporto esaminato può essere chiamato ‘fuga dal tempo’: si tratta di una relazione tra questi concetti che rivela una posizione filosofica scettica nei confronti dell’esistenza reale del tempo, posizione che è condivisa da scrittori come J.L. Borges e da filosofi come J.T. McTaggart. Il secondo tipo di rapporto può essere invece denominato ‘fuga nel tempo’: secondo Nabokov, la temporalità è la dimensione più decisiva per l’arte e la letteratura, e dunque non è possibile realizzare una ‘vera’ fuga dal tempo. Il vero obiettivo dell’artista deve essere pertanto quello di realizzare una fuga nell’elemento puro (medium della temporalità, ossia nella sua ‘tessitura’, piuttosto che nei suoi contenuti (nel suo ‘testo’.

Heart rate responses induced by acoustic tempo and its interaction with basal heart rate.

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Ken; Ooishi, Yuuki; Kashino, Makio

2017-03-07

Many studies have revealed the influences of music on the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Since previous studies focused on the effects of acoustic tempo on the ANS, and humans have their own physiological oscillations such as the heart rate (HR), the effects of acoustic tempo might depend on the HR. Here we show the relationship between HR elevation induced by acoustic tempo and individual basal HR. Since high tempo-induced HR elevation requires fast respiration, which is based on sympatho-respiratory coupling, we controlled the participants' respiration at a faster rate (20 CPM) than usual (15 CPM). We found that sound stimuli with a faster tempo than the individual basal HR increased the HR. However, the HR increased following a gradual increase in the acoustic tempo only when the extent of the gradual increase in tempo was within a specific range (around + 2%/min). The HR did not follow the increase in acoustic tempo when the rate of the increase in the acoustic tempo exceeded 3% per minute. These results suggest that the effect of the sympatho-respiratory coupling underlying the HR elevation caused by a high acoustic tempo depends on the basal HR, and the strength and the temporal dynamics of the tempo.

Structure and properties of tempo-oxidized cotton fibers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milanovic Jovana

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper, the influence of the catalytic oxidation using water soluble and stable nitroxyl radical 2,2´,6,6´-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO on structure and properties of cotton fibers was studied. In particular, the selective TEMPO-mediated oxidation has become very interesting way for introduction of functional groups into cellulose fibers with the aim to obtain oxycellulose fibers with specific properties. Unmodified and modified fibers were characterized in terms of weight loss values, introduced functional groups and crystallinity index. Also, oxidized fibers were characterized in terms of the sorption, morphological, and physico-mechanical properties. The TEMPO-oxidized cotton fibers show a minimum increase of fineness (from 1.32 to 1.28 dtex and increase of crystallinity index (up to 91.9%, while the tensile strength of fibers decreases (up to 10.82 cN/tex. By the TEMPO-mediated oxidation of cotton fibers significant amount of carboxyl groups (up to 0.795 mmol/g cell can be introduced into cellulose fibers. Introduced hydrophilic carboxyl groups increases the sorption properties of oxidized fibers, that can be used directly or for further chemical modification.

Typewriting Syllabus: Part II: Modules. 1976 Revision.

Science.gov (United States)

New York State Education Dept., Albany. Bureau of Occupational and Career Curriculum Development.

The document is the second of a two-part set on typewriting and focuses on the nine modules of instruction. The nine modules are: (1) keyboard mastery and skill development, (2) basic typewriting competencies, (2a) personal use typewriting, (3) introduction to office typewriting I, (4) introduction to office typewriting II, (5) intermediate office…

10 CFR Appendix II to Part 504 - Fuel Price Computation

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (CONTINUED) ALTERNATE FUELS EXISTING POWERPLANTS Pt. 504, App. II Appendix II to Part... effects of future real price increases for each fuel. The delivered price of an alternate fuel used to calculate delivered fuel expenses must reflect the petitioner's delivered price of the alternate fuel and...

46 CFR Appendix II to Part 150 - Explanation of Figure 1

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... COMPATIBILITY OF CARGOES Pt. 150, App. II Appendix II to Part 150—Explanation of Figure 1 Definition of a..., aromatic hydrocarbons or paraffins. Others will form hazardous combinations with many groups: For example...

Influencia del tempo de la música en las emociones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jonathan Azael Caballero-Meneses

2010-01-01

exposición de 24 estudiantes de licenciatura a treinta extractos musicales de distinto tempo. Además se evaluó la posible modulación de la relación tempo-valencia por el rasgo de personalidad extroversión/introversión. Los resultados confirmaron la influencia del tempo sobre el arousal, pero no sobre la valencia, así como una posible mediación de la dimensión de personalidad introversión-extroversión sobre la valencia.

Tempos de infância, tempos de escola: a ordenação do tempo escolar no ensino público paulista (1892-1933 Childhood times, school times: the ordering of school time in the São Paulo State School System (1892-1933

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa Fátima de Souza

1999-07-01

Full Text Available O texto analisa a ordenação do tempo nas escolas primárias paulistas no final do século XIX e início do século XX, período em que se institui e se consolida a arquitetura temporal escolar. Compreende, pois, as primeiras prescrições detalhadas sobre o tempo constantes na reforma republicana da instrução pública de 1892, as regulamentações instituídas no decorrer da Primeira República, até o momento de criação do Código de Educação de São Paulo em 1933, quando se inaugura uma nova fase da instrução pública no estado. O texto busca mostrar como o tempo constitui uma ordem que se experimenta e se aprende na escola. Para a realização deste estudo foram utilizadas fontes documentais, especialmente a legislação e textos oficiais da administração do ensino. As análises incidem sobre dois aspectos: a formulação política do tempo escolar e a organização pedagógica e disciplinar do tempo na escola. Em relação ao primeiro aspecto, mostra como a ordenação do tempo pautou-se pela aspiração de uniformização e controle. Nesse sentido, as autoridades do ensino público procuraram regulamentar a obrigatoriedade do ensino, a freqüência, a duração do curso primário e a jornada escolar. Em relação à organização pedagógica e disciplinar do tempo, põe em destaque a ordenação minuciosa do emprego do tempo compreendendo a racionalização curricular - a seleção e distribuição do conhecimento por séries, aulas, lições, e a definição dos horários.This text analyzes the ordering of time in primary state schools of the State of São Paulo at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century, a period in which the school time architecture is instated and consolidated. The paper thus starts with the first detailed instructions related to time at schools, which are part of the Republican Reform of Public Schooling of 1892. It continues with the regulations elaborated during the First Republic

The Effect of Repetition on Tempo Preferences of Elementary Children.

Science.gov (United States)

Moskovitz, Elisa M.

1992-01-01

Reports on a study of children's preferences between slow and fast tempo classical music excerpts. Finds that students preferred music with a slow tempo. Concludes that repetition had a positive effect on children's preferences. (CFR)

40 CFR Appendix II to Part 1042 - Steady-State Duty Cycles

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Steady-State Duty Cycles II Appendix..., App. II Appendix II to Part 1042—Steady-State Duty Cycles (a) The following duty cycles apply as specified in § 1042.505(b)(1): (1) The following duty cycle applies for discrete-mode testing: E3 mode No...

Kick, Glide, Pole! Cross-Country Skiing Fun (Part II)

Science.gov (United States)

Duoos, Bridget A.

2012-01-01

Part I of Kick, Glide, Pole! Cross-Country Skiing Fun, which was published in last issue, discussed how to select cross-country ski equipment, dress for the activity and the biomechanics of the diagonal stride. Part II focuses on teaching the diagonal stride technique and begins with a progression of indoor activities. Incorporating this fun,…

Twin-peak effect in both cardiac response and tempo of popular music.

Science.gov (United States)

Shih, Yi-Sen; Zhang, Wen-Chih; Lee, Yaw-Chern; Lei, Chun-Yang; Tseng, Cheng-Lung; Wang, Hui-Min; Huang, Sheng-Chieh

2011-01-01

How the musical tempo affects the performance of heart rate variability (HRV) was studied in this work. By understanding the relationship between the HRV response and the music tempo with decreasing tempo from 140 to 70 beats per minute (bpm) periodically in six successive weeks. There were two groups in the experiment, one was listening drum loop music 3 minutes in the middle of experiment and the other was just rest for 20 minutes. After the processed the information from the objects, the distribution of difference of HRV response between before and after listening various tempo drum loop was similar to the distribution of modern popular music in tempo. Both distributions have the twin peaks about 70-85 and 110-125 bpm.

Mortalidade e o tempo de internação em uma unidade de terapia intensiva cirúrgica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abelha Fernando José

2006-01-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Em cuidados intensivos os resultados podem ser relacionados aos índices de mortalidade ou morbidade. Quando avaliada de forma isolada, a mortalidade é uma medida insuficiente do resultado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI; o tempo de internação pode ser uma medida indireta do resultado relacionado com a morbidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a incidência e os fatores preditivos para mortalidade e tempo de internação dos pacientes admitidos numa UTI cirúrgica. MÉTODO: Participaram deste estudo prospectivo, realizado, entre abril e julho de 2004, todos os 185 pacientes submetidos a procedimentos programados ou de emergência, admitidos numa UTI cirúrgica. Foram registrados os seguintes parâmetros: idade, sexo, altura e peso, temperatura central estado físico segundo a ASA, tipo de intervenção cirúrgica, porte cirúrgico, técnica anestésica, quantidade e qualidade de fluídos administrados durante a anestesia, monitorização da temperatura ou de técnica de aquecimento corporal peri-operatório, duração da anestesia, tempo de permanência na UTI e no hospital e escore SAPS II. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio de internação na UTI foi de 4,09 ± 10,23 dias. Fatores de risco significativos para permanências mais prolongadas na UTI foram o valor do escore SAPS II, estado físico ASA, quantidade administrada, durante a intervenção cirúrgica, de colóides, unidades de plasma fresco e unidades de concentrados de hemáceas. Quatorze pacientes (7,60% morreram durante a internação na UTI e 29 (15,70% morreram durante a internação hospitalar. Fatores de risco independentes de mortalidade com diferença estatística significativa foram intervenções cirúrgicas de emergência, de grande porte, escores altos SAPS II, permanência prolongada na UTI e no hospital. Fatores protetores com diferença estatística significativa para risco de morte hospitalar foram baixo peso corporal e baixo �

O tempo da escola: organização, ampliação e qualificação do tempo do ensino escolar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Chizzotti

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa a organização administrativa e pedagógica do tempo escolar e avalia as discussões sobre a ampliação da jornada escolar e a qualificação desse tempo dispendido no ensino com a finalidade de criar melhores condições de aprendizagem e de bem-estar para todos os que estão comprometidos com a vida da escola. O texto levanta algumas controvérsias e iniciativas internacionais, que buscam encontrar alternativas para promover uma disposição mais adequada desse ritmo do tempo a fim de propiciar melhores condições do sucesso no ensino e de qualidade na duração da jornada escolar. O entendimento metodológico deste trabalho de conformidade com Gaussel (2013 pressupõe o reconhecimento de uma pluralidade de tempos educativos e múltiplos modos legítimos de aprendizagem e ensino. Toma-se o calendário como modelo de organização e gerenciamento das atividades escolares, e de observações e contatos pessoais com os atores educacionais em uma escola, para levantar algumas considerações críticas sobre a disposição do ritmo do tempo escolar a partir da análise do calendário de uma escola pública do Ensino Médio do sistema de ensino do Estado de São Paulo.

TEMPO-based catholyte for high-energy density nonaqueous redox flow batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Xiaoliang; Xu, Wu; Vijayakumar, Murugesan; Cosimbescu, Lelia; Liu, Tianbiao; Sprenkle, Vincent; Wang, Wei

2014-12-03

A TEMPO-based non-aqueous electrolyte with the TEMPO concentration as high as 2.0 m is demonstrated as a high-energy-density catholyte for redox flow battery applications. With a hybrid anode, Li|TEMPO flow cells using this electrolyte deliver an energy efficiency of ca. 70% and an impressively high energy density of 126 W h L(-1) . © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

PREREM: an interactive data preprocessing code for INREM II. Part I: user's manual. Part II: code structure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ryan, M.T.; Fields, D.E.

1981-05-01

PREREM is an interactive computer code developed as a data preprocessor for the INREM-II (Killough, Dunning, and Pleasant, 1978a) internal dose program. PREREM is intended to provide easy access to current and self-consistent nuclear decay and radionuclide-specific metabolic data sets. Provision is made for revision of metabolic data, and the code is intended for both production and research applications. Documentation for the code is in two parts. Part I is a user's manual which emphasizes interpretation of program prompts and choice of user input. Part II stresses internal structure and flow of program control and is intended to assist the researcher who wishes to revise or modify the code or add to its capabilities. PREREM is written for execution on a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-10 System and much of the code will require revision before it can be run on other machines. The source program length is 950 lines (116 blocks) and computer core required for execution is 212 K bytes. The user must also have sufficient file space for metabolic and S-factor data sets. Further, 64 100 K byte blocks of computer storage space are required for the nuclear decay data file. Computer storage space must also be available for any output files produced during the PREREM execution. 9 refs., 8 tabs.

Tempo effects in mortality: An appraisal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Michel Guillot

2006-01-01

Full Text Available This study examines the existence of tempo effects in mortality and evaluates the procedure developed by Bongaarts and Feeney for calculating a tempo-adjusted life expectancy. It is shown that Bongaarts and Feeney's index can be interpreted as an indicator reflecting current mortality conditions under specific assumptions regarding the effects of changing period mortality conditions on the timing of future cohort deaths. It is argued, however, that currently there is no clear evidence about the existence of such effects in actual populations. This paper concludes that until the existence of these effects can be demonstrated, it is preferable to continue using the conventional life expectancy as an indicator of current mortality conditions.

Quality management of cut carnation 'Tempo' with 1- MCP | Abadi ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Quality management of cut carnation 'Tempo' with 1- MCP. ... African Journal of Biotechnology ... time durations (3, 6 and 9 h) on the vaselife, water uptake, loss of fresh weight and chlorophyll index of cut carnation 'Tempo' which is an ...

Memory for musical tempo: Additional evidence that auditory memory is absolute

OpenAIRE

Levitin, Daniel J.; Cook, Perry R.

1996-01-01

We report evidence that long term memory retains absolute (accurate) features of perceptual events. Specifically, we show that memory for music seems to preserve the absolute tempo of the musical performance. In Experiment 1, 46 subjects sang popular songs from memory, and their tempos were compared to recorded versions of the songs. Seventy-two of the subjects came within 8% of the actual tempo on two consecutive trials (using different songs), demonstrating accuracy near the perceptual thre...

INFLUENCIA DEL TEMPO DE LA MÚSICA EN LAS EMOCIONES

OpenAIRE

Jonathan Azael Caballero-Meneses; Marina Menez

2010-01-01

Se sabe que la música puede influir en dos componentes de las emociones: el arousal y la valencia. En particular, se ha reportado que el tempo o rapidez de la música está directamente relacionado con el arousal, aunque su relación con la valencia o medida de afecto no es aún clara. En este trabajo se analizó la influencia del tempo en ambos componentes mediante la exposición de 24 estudiantes de licenciatura a treinta extractos musicales de distinto tempo. Además se evaluó la posible m...

A ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO TEMPO LIVRE

OpenAIRE

Musse, Ricardo

2016-01-01

Resumo A conferência de Theodor W. Adorno sobre o conceito e a prática do "tempo livre", publicada em Stichworte, em 1969, foi proferida numa época de pleno emprego. A gradativa redução da jornada normal de trabalho, sinalizando e consolidando uma tendência de longo prazo, inspirou uma série de conjecturas acerca de uma possível mudança nas estruturas até então assentadas como próprias do mundo moderno. Nesse contexto, a conferência-ensaio de Adorno organiza-se, ao mesmo tempo, como uma atual...

Calculus of Elementary Functions, Part II. Teacher's Commentary. Revised Edition.

Science.gov (United States)

Herriot, Sarah T.; And Others

This course is intended for students who have a thorough knowledge of college preparatory mathematics, including algebra, axiomatic geometry, trigonometry, and analytic geometry. This teacher's guide is for Part II of the course. It is designed to follow Part I of the text. The guide contains background information, suggested instructional…

Calculus of Elementary Functions, Part II. Student Text. Revised Edition.

Science.gov (United States)

Herriot, Sarah T.; And Others

This course is intended for students who have a thorough knowledge of college preparatory mathematics, including algebra, axiomatic geometry, trigonometry, and analytic geometry. This text, Part II, contains material designed to follow Part I. Chapters included in this text are: (6) Derivatives of Exponential and Related Functions; (7) Area and…

Thermosetting polymer for dynamic nuclear polarization: Solidification of an epoxy resin mixture including TEMPO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Noda, Yohei, E-mail: noda.yohei@jaea.go.jp [Quantum Beam Science Centre, Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan); Kumada, Takayuki [Quantum Beam Science Centre, Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Kansai Photon Science Institute, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Kizugawa, Kyoto 619-0215 (Japan); Yamaguchi, Daisuke; Shamoto, Shin-ichi [Quantum Beam Science Centre, Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Shirakata-Shirane, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195 (Japan)

2015-03-11

We investigated the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of typical thermosetting polymers (two-component type epoxy resins; Araldite{sup ®} Standard or Araldite{sup ®} Rapid) doped with a (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-yl)oxy (TEMPO) radical. The doping process was developed by carefully considering the decomposition of TEMPO during the solidification of the epoxy resin. The TEMPO electron spin in each two-component paste decayed slowly, which was favorable for our study. Furthermore, despite the dissolved TEMPO, the mixture of the two-component paste successfully solidified. With the resulting TEMPO-doped epoxy-resin samples, DNP experiments at 1.2 K and 3.35 T indicated a magnitude of a proton-spin polarization up to 39%. This polarization is similar to that (35%) obtained for TEMPO-doped polystyrene (PS), which is often used as a standard sample for DNP. To combine this solidification of TEMPO-including mixture with a resin-casting technique enables a creation of polymeric target materials with a precise and complex structure.

Interaction with Mass Media: The Importance of Rhythm and Tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Snow, Robert P.

1987-01-01

Stresses that understanding the impact of interaction with mass media requires conceptualizing media as an institutionalized social form. A critical feature of this process is the grammatical character of media interaction in the form of rhythm and tempo, because these rhythms and tempos become established in everyday routine. (SKC)

Nursing Care of Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Desensitization: Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Jakel, Patricia; Carsten, Cynthia; Carino, Arvie; Braskett, Melinda

2016-04-01

Chemotherapy desensitization protocols are safe, but labor-intensive, processes that allow patients with cancer to receive medications even if they initially experienced severe hypersensitivity reactions. Part I of this column discussed the pathophysiology of hypersensitivity reactions and described the development of desensitization protocols in oncology settings. Part II incorporates the experiences of an academic medical center and provides a practical guide for the nursing care of patients undergoing chemotherapy desensitization.
.

40 CFR Appendix II to Part 1054 - Duty Cycles for Laboratory Testing

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duty Cycles for Laboratory Testing II.... 1054, App. II Appendix II to Part 1054—Duty Cycles for Laboratory Testing (a) Test handheld engines with the following steady-state duty cycle: G3 mode No. Engine speed a Torque(percent) b Weighting...

Tempo máximo de fonação /a/, tempo máximo de fonação previsto e tipo respiratório de mulheres adultas sem afecções laríngeas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Aparecida Cielo

2015-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO:verificar a diferença entre o tempo máximo de fonação /a/ e tempo máximo de fonação previsto em relação ao tipo respiratório, e correlacionar os tempos máximos em mulheres adultas com capacidade vital dentro da normalidade e sem afecções laríngeas.MÉTODOS:pesquisa transversal analítica, quantitativa e retrospectiva, em banco de dados, de 51 sujeitos do sexo feminino, com diagnóstico otorrinolaringológico de ausência de afecção laríngea, com idades entre 18 e 44 anos (média 27,64. Utilizaram-se os dados: maior valor de tempo máximo de fonação de /a/, tempo máximo de fonação previsto, capacidade vital e tipo respiratório. O valor do tempo máximo previsto para mulheres foi calculado multiplicando-se a capacidade vital por 0,0051, e o valor encontrado foi determinante para a classificação do tempo de /a/ em normal, abaixo ou acima do previsto.RESULTADOS:houve diferença significante entre tempo de fonação previsto e os tipos respiratórios superior (17,44s e misto (15,17s. Não houve diferença significante do tempo máximo de fonação /a/ nos diferentes tipos respiratórios, nem correlação entre tempo de fonação /a/ e tempo previsto.CONCLUSÃO:não houve correlação entre tempo de /a/ e tempo de fonação previsto e este último foi significantemente maior no tipo respiratório superior do que no misto na população estudada.

Particle Filtering Applied to Musical Tempo Tracking

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Macleod Malcolm D

2004-01-01

Full Text Available This paper explores the use of particle filters for beat tracking in musical audio examples. The aim is to estimate the time-varying tempo process and to find the time locations of beats, as defined by human perception. Two alternative algorithms are presented, one which performs Rao-Blackwellisation to produce an almost deterministic formulation while the second is a formulation which models tempo as a Brownian motion process. The algorithms have been tested on a large and varied database of examples and results are comparable with the current state of the art. The deterministic algorithm gives the better performance of the two algorithms.

MUSIC TEMPO'S EFFECT ON EXERCISE PERFORMANCE: COMMENT ON DYER AND McKUNE.

Science.gov (United States)

Nakamura, Priscila Missaki

2015-06-01

Dyer and McKune (2013) stated that music tempo has no influence on performance, physiological, and psychophysical variables in well-trained cyclists during high intensity endurance tasks. However, there are important limitations in the methodology of the study. The participants' music preferences and tempo change were not well measured. It is not possible to affirm that music tempo does not influence athletes' performance. Potential areas of future research include: (a) use of instruments to assess the qualities of music; (b) standardizing music of tempo according to exercise type (e.g., running, cycling, etc.); (c) considering training level of the participants (i.e., athletes and non-athletes); and (d) use of instruments to assess concentration during exercise.

Cellulose Nanocomposites by Melt Compounding of TEMPO-Treated Wood Fibers in Thermoplastic Starch Matrix

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aline Cobut

2014-04-01

Full Text Available To facilitate melt compounding of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF based composites, wood pulp fibers were subjected to a chemical treatment whereby the fibers were oxidized using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO. This treatment introduced negatively charged carboxylate groups to the fibers. TEMPO-treated fibers (TempoF were added to a mixture of amylopectin starch, glycerol, and water. Granules were prepared from this mixture and processed into CNF composites by extrusion. TempoF were easier to process into composites as compared with non-treated pulp fibers (PF. SEM revealed partial disintegration of TempoF during melt processing. Consequently, TempoF gave composites with much better mechanical properties than those of conventional composites prepared from pulp fibers and TPS. Particularly, at 20 wt% TempoF content in the composite, the modulus and strength were much improved. Such a continuous melt processing route, as an alternative to laboratory solvent casting techniques, may promote large-scale production of CNF-based composites as an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic plastics/composites.

The rhythm and tempo of the game of highly qualified teams

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V’yacheslav Mulik

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Purpose: to set indicators of rhythm and tempo of the game teams of high qualification. Material and Methods: analysis of the scientific-methodical literature, registration of technical-tactical actions, methods of mathematical statistics. The study of competitive activities was conducted with participating teams of world championship 2014. Results: the acticle shows indicators of the rhythm and tempo of the game of well-qualified teams. Conclusions: teams-winners have surpassed teams that concede in terms of indicators of passes the ball, shots at goal, the rhythm of the game, tempo of game.

Music genre preference and tempo alter alpha and beta waves in human non-musicians

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hunter Gentry

2013-10-01

Full Text Available This study examined the effects of music genre and tempo on brain activation patterns in 10 nonmusicians.Two genres (rock and jazz and three tempos (slowed, medium/normal, andquickened were examined using EEG recording and analyzed through Fast Fourier Transform(FFT analysis. When participants listened to their preferred genre, an increase in alpha waveamplitude was observed. Alpha waves were not significantly affected by tempo. Beta waveamplitude increased significantly as the tempo increased. Genre had no effect on beta waves. Thefindings of this study indicate that genre preference and artificially modified tempo do affectalpha and beta wave activation in non-musicians listening to preselected songs.

40 CFR Appendix II to Part 1039 - Steady-State Duty Cycles

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Steady-State Duty Cycles II Appendix... Appendix II to Part 1039—Steady-State Duty Cycles (a) The following duty cycles apply for constant-speed engines: (1) The following duty cycle applies for discrete-mode testing: D2 mode number Engine speed...

Análise do tempo de ventilação mecânica e internamento em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

André Luiz Lisboa Cordeiro

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Introdução: Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca (CC necessitam de ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI após o procedimento cirúrgico, sendo que um tempo prolongado de VMI pode levar a um aumento do tempo de permanência na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI. Objetivo: Verificar se o tempo de VMI interfere no tempo de internação em UTI. Métodos: Foram analisados, prospectivamente, pacientes submetidos à CC e que permaneceram por um tempo inferior a 24 horas na VMI. Foram selecionados 69 pacientes, os quais foram admitidos na UTI e acompanhados até o momento da extubação. Com esse dado encontrou-se o tempo que permaneceram em VMI e, depois, quantos dias permaneceram internados na UTI até o momento da alta da unidade. Resultados: A maior parte dos pacientes submetidos à CC foi do sexo masculino (56,5%; a idade média foi de 55,93±14,29 anos; o tipo de cirurgia mais prevalente foi a revascularização miocárdica (71,0%; o tempo médio de circulação extracorpórea (CEC foi de 65,05±20,06 minutos; o tempo médio de internação na UTI foi de 2,18±1,10 dias; o tempo de VMI foi de 7,32±2,66 horas. Não se verificou significância estatística entre essas duas últimas variáveis com um p=0,43. Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que não houve correlação entre o tempo de ventilação mecânica e tempo de internação em UTI em pacientes que não apresentaram complicações pós-operatórias imediatas e que permaneceram menos de 12 horas sob ventilação mecânica.

First international 26Al interlaboratory comparison - Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Merchel, Silke; Bremser, Wolfram

2005-01-01

After finishing Part I of the first international 26 Al interlaboratory comparison with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) laboratories [S. Merchel, W. Bremser, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 223-224 (2004) 393], the evaluation of Part II with radionuclide counting laboratories took place. The evaluation of the results of the seven participating laboratories on four meteorite samples shows a good overall agreement between laboratories, i.e. it does not reveal any statistically significant differences if results are compared sample-by-sample. However, certain interlaboratory bias is observed with a more detailed statistical analysis including some multivariate approaches

Does the Tempo of Music Impact Human Behavior Behind the Wheel?

Science.gov (United States)

Navarro, Jordan; Osiurak, François; Reynaud, Emanuelle

2018-06-01

Assess the influence of background music tempo on driving performance. Music with a fast tempo is known to increase the level of arousal, whereas the reverse is observed for slow music. The relationship between driving performance and level of arousal was expected to take the form of an inverted U-curve. Three experiments were undertaken to manipulate the musical background during driving. In Experiment 1, the driver's preferred music track played at its original and modified (plus or minus 30%) tempo were used together with the simple ticking of a metronome. In Experiment 2, music tracks of different tempos were played during driving. In Experiment 3, music tracks were categorized as arousing or relaxing based on the associated perceived level of arousal. Listening to music tended to influence drivers' performances in a car-following task by improving coherence and gain adjustments relative to the followed vehicle but simultaneously shortened the intervehicular time. Although the tempo of the music per se did not directly affect driving behavior, arousing music tracks improved drivers' adjustments to the followed vehicle (Experiment 3). The tempo of the music listened to behind the wheel was not found to influence driving behaviors. However, arousing music improved drivers' responsiveness to changes in the speed of the followed vehicle. However, this benefit was canceled out by a reduction in the drivers' intervehicle safety margin. Listening to arousing music while driving cannot be considered to improve road safety, at least in a car-following task without attentional impairments.

Gestão do tempo como apoio ao planejamento estratégico pessoal Time management and support to personal strategic planning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiano Descovi Schimith

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudo parte do pressuposto de que a gestão do tempo pode auxiliar o planejamento estratégico pessoal, sistematizando sua implantação. Desta forma, o objetivo do trabalho consiste em propor um modelo de gestão do tempo que contribua com a implantação do planejamento estratégico pessoal. Para atingi-lo, o estudo tem seus fundamentos teóricos no Planejamento Estratégico, no Planejamento Estratégico Pessoal e na Gestão do Tempo. A análise da literatura permitiu identificar elementos essenciais para a composição do modelo proposto. Os resultados obtidos revelam um Modelo de Gestão do Tempo, lógico e sequencial, que envolve fatores técnicos e comportamentais, composto por três fases: auditoria do tempo (situação real, alavancagem do tempo (situação ideal e enquadramento do tempo (planejamento semanal, planejamento diário e priorização. This study assumes that time management can support the personal strategic planning, streamlining its implementation. So the objective of this study is to propose a model of time management that contributes to the implementation of the strategic planning personal. To achieve it, the study has its theoretical foundations in Strategic Planning, Strategic Planning Personal and Time Management. The literature review identified key elements in the composition of the proposed model. The results reveal a Model of Time Management, logical and sequential, which involves technical and behavioral factors. The model consists of three phases: audit of time (real situation, leverage the time (ideal situation and the time frame (weekly planning, daily planning and prioritizing.

Programming Models for Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamics on the CM-5 (Part II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amala, P.A.K.; Rodrigue, G.H.

1994-01-01

This is a two-part presentation of a timing study on the Thinking Machines CORP. CM-5 computer. Part II is given in this study and represents domain-decomposition and message-passing models. Part I described computational problems using a SIMD model and connection machine FORTRAN (CMF)

Continuum Thermodynamics - Part II: Applications and Examples

Science.gov (United States)

Albers, Bettina; Wilmanski, Krzysztof

The intention by writing Part II of the book on continuum thermodynamics was the deepening of some issues covered in Part I as well as a development of certain skills in dealing with practical problems of oscopic processes. However, the main motivation for this part is the presentation of main facets of thermodynamics which appear when interdisciplinary problems are considered. There are many monographs on the subjects of solid mechanics and thermomechanics, on fluid mechanics and on coupled fields but most of them cover only special problems in great details which are characteristic for the chosen field. It is rather seldom that relations between these fields are discussed. This concerns, for instance, large deformations of the skeleton of porous materials with diffusion (e.g. lungs), couplings of deformable particles with the fluid motion in suspensions, couplings of adsorption processes and chemical reactions in immiscible mixtures with diffusion, various multi-component aspects of the motion, e.g. of avalanches, such as segregation processes, etc...

Robust data reconciliation with TEMPO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sunde, Svein; Banati, Jozsef

2004-03-01

The Halden Project's TEMPO system is devised to meet the increasing challenges facing utilities in performance monitoring and optimisation, among other things due to deregulation and market liberalisation. The data reconciliation mode is an important one in the TEMPO system. Data reconciliation is a method to provide reliable estimates of process states, parameters, the state of equipment and instruments, and efficiency. Data reconciliation follows maximum likelihood principles, and is usually based on a Gaussian error model for the data. Data reconciliation thus estimates the most likely state of the process, given the heat and mass balance and the current instrument readings. If the assumption of normally (Gaussian) distributed errors in the measurements break down, as it will in the case of gross errors (outliers) in the data set, this needs to be detected by the monitoring system. TEMPO does this by computing an overall test statistic subjected to a hypothesis test, resulting in the so-called goodness-of-fit. If the goodness-of-fit takes a too low value, a fault is probably present in the process. Identifying the location of the fault is more difficult, however. With the Gaussian error model this is still possible employing a so-called serial elimination method. The serial elimination method is, however, cumbersome to use and leads to quite lengthy calculations. The present report describes the application of alternative distributions in the maximum likelihood estimation in an attempt to directly identify the location of faulty sensors. For direct identification of sensor faults significant improvements over the method based on a Gaussian error model has been achieved. However, serial elimination still leads to the highest success rate for fault identification. All results were based on Monte Carlo simulations. (Author)

Benchmark matrix and guide: Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-01-01

In the last issue of the Journal of Quality Assurance (September/October 1991, Volume 13, Number 5, pp. 14-19), the benchmark matrix developed by Headquarters Air Force Logistics Command was published. Five horizontal levels on the matrix delineate progress in TQM: business as usual, initiation, implementation, expansion, and integration. The six vertical categories that are critical to the success of TQM are leadership, structure, training, recognition, process improvement, and customer focus. In this issue, "Benchmark Matrix and Guide: Part II" will show specifically how to apply the categories of leadership, structure, and training to the benchmark matrix progress levels. At the intersection of each category and level, specific behavior objectives are listed with supporting behaviors and guidelines. Some categories will have objectives that are relatively easy to accomplish, allowing quick progress from one level to the next. Other categories will take considerable time and effort to complete. In the next issue, Part III of this series will focus on recognition, process improvement, and customer focus.

12 CFR Appendix II to Part 27 - Information for Government Monitoring Purposes

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... II Appendix II to Part 27 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY... Monitoring Purposes The following language is approved by the Comptroller of the Currency and will satisfy... used separately. This information may also be provided orally by the applicant. The following...

‘Tempo é dinheiro’: Usabilidade é Produtividade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Mendes Silva Filho

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Benjamin Franklin foi um intelectual de sua época (1706-1790 e uma frase marcante dele que ultrapassa fronteiras é “Remember that time is money”. Lembre-se do que já disse: Tempo é o bem mais precioso que todo ser humano pode possuir, inclusive para aqueles que pensam nada ter. Tempo impacta a produtividade, tema esse explorado neste artigo que se concentra em discutir como a facilidade em realizar atividades utilizando tablets, smartphones, computadores e outros artefatos podem impactar a produtividade. Essa ‘facilidade em realizar atividades’ é denominada de usabilidade e, sesse sentido, este artigo explora como a inspeção por meio da análise e interpretação de dados podem auxiliar nessa tarefa.

31 CFR Appendix II to Part 13 - Form of Bill for Reimbursement

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Form of Bill for Reimbursement II Appendix II to Part 13 Money and Finance: Treasury Office of the Secretary of the Treasury PROCEDURES FOR... title) of ______ (Country) to participate in the work of ______ (International Organization) or...

Role of tempo entrainment in psychophysiological differentiation of happy and sad music?

Science.gov (United States)

Khalfa, Stéphanie; Roy, Mathieu; Rainville, Pierre; Dalla Bella, Simone; Peretz, Isabelle

2008-04-01

Respiration rate allows to differentiate between happy and sad excerpts which may be attributable to entrainment of respiration to the rhythm or the tempo rather than to emotions [Etzel, J.A., Johnsen, E.L., Dickerson, J., Tranel, D., Adolphs, R., 2006. Cardiovascular and respiratory responses during musical mood induction. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 61(1), 57-69]. In order to test for this hypothesis, this study intended to verify whether fast and slow rhythm, and/or tempo alone are sufficient to induce differential physiological effects. Psychophysiological responses (electrodermal responses, facial muscles activity, blood pressure, heart and respiration rate) were then measured in fifty young adults listening to fast/happy and slow/sad music, and to two control versions of these excerpts created by removing pitch variations (rhythmic version) and both pitch and temporal variations (beat-alone). The results indicate that happy and sad music are significantly differentiated (happy>sad) by diastolic blood pressure, electrodermal activity, and zygomatic activity, while the fast and slow rhythmic and tempo control versions did not elicit such differentiations. In contrast, respiration rate was faster with stimuli presented at fast tempi relative to slow stimuli in the beat-alone condition. It was thus demonstrated that the psychophysiological happy/sad distinction requires the tonal variations and cannot be explained solely by entrainment to tempo and rhythm. The tempo entrainment exists in the tempo alone condition but our results suggest this effect may disappear when embedded in music or with rhythm.

Long-term memory for music: infants remember tempo and timbre.

Science.gov (United States)

Trainor, Laurel J; Wu, Luann; Tsang, Christine D

2004-06-01

We show that infants' long-term memory representations for melodies are not just reduced to the structural features of relative pitches and durations, but contain surface or performance tempo- and timbre-specific information. Using a head turn preference procedure, we found that after a one week exposure to an old English folk song, infants preferred to listen to a novel folk song, indicating that they remembered the familiarized melody. However, if the tempo (25% faster or slower) or instrument timbre (harp vs. piano) of the familiarized melody was changed at test, infants showed no preference, indicating that they remembered the specific tempo and timbre of the melodies. The results are consistent with an exemplar-based model of memory in infancy rather than one in which structural features are extracted and performance features forgotten.

Tempos escolares e tempos de vida: (repensando práticas pedagógicas da EJA na contemporaneidade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eufrázia Nenê Miranda

2017-08-01

Full Text Available As práticas estão desconsiderando os tempos de vida dos alunos. Isso está provocando uma crise na escola contemporânea, afetando a ordem dos discursos que, historicamente detém-se, tão somente, ao currículo, desconsiderando os tempos de vida dos sujeitos. Desse modo, não é sobre o produto do conhecimento que se deve recair o foco das discussões curriculares, mas sobre os processos de construção e consideração dos tempos escolares no currículo da EJA. Assim, ao longo do presente artigo, reforçaremos que as construções temporais melhor se desenvolvem e se estabilizam quando estas são afirmadas como resultado da interseção de políticas públicas e de práticas escolares, estruturando-o da seguinte forma: Iniciaremos com tema: Adultos Jovens – Jovens Alunos: uma relação transversal com o tempo, que trará alguns esclarecimentos acerca dos conceitos de adulto, jovem e sua relação com o tempo. Bem como, alguns tópicos relevantes sobre Currículo, Escola e Aluno. Em tempo, traremos algumas inferências a respeito dos tempos sombreados nos discursos escolares e, finalizaremos com uma análise, resultado do trabalho de campo se desenrolou entre junho 2014 a agosto de 2015, com visitas periódicas à unidade escolar NEEJA3. O trabalho de campo mesclou instrumentos de investigação (entrevistas e observações ligados às diversas dimensões constituintes do tempo escolar, que envolveram alunos das totalidades sete, oito e nove, que equivalem a séries fi nais do Ensino Médio, que estimou escores para tal. Palavras – chave: EJA. Currículo. Tempo School times and lifetimes: (re thinking pedagogical practices of the EJA in contemporary times ABSTRACT The practices are disregarding the lives of students times. This is causing a crisis in contemporary school, affecting the order of speeches that historically dwells, alone, to the curriculum, disregarding the lifetimes of subjects. Thus, it is not about the product knowledge

Reaction time to changes in the tempo of acoustic pulse trains.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, R. P.; Warm, J. S.; Westendorf, D. H.

1973-01-01

Investigation of the ability of human observers to detect accelerations and decelerations in the rate of presentation of pulsed stimuli, i.e., changes in the tempo of acoustic pulse trains. Response times to accelerations in tempo were faster than to decelerations. Overall speed of response was inversely related to the pulse repetition rate.

10 CFR Appendix II to Part 1050 - DOE Form 3735.3-Foreign Travel Statement

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... is official agency business. Spouses and dependents may accept such travel and expenses only when... 10 Energy 4 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false DOE Form 3735.3-Foreign Travel Statement II Appendix II to.... II Appendix II to Part 1050—DOE Form 3735.3—Foreign Travel Statement EC01OC91.041 Statement...

Susceptibility of Iα- and Iβ-Dominated Cellulose to TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation.

Science.gov (United States)

Carlsson, Daniel O; Lindh, Jonas; Strømme, Maria; Mihranyan, Albert

2015-05-11

The susceptibility of Iα- and Iβ-dominated cellulose to TEMPO-mediated oxidation was studied in this work since the cellulose Iα-allomorph is generally considered to be thermodynamically less stable and therefore more reactive than the cellulose Iβ-allomorph. Highly crystalline Cladophora nanocellulose, which is dominated by the Iα-allomorph, was oxidized to various degrees with TEMPO oxidant via bulk electrolysis in the absence of co-oxidants. Further, the Cladophora nanocellulose was thermally annealed in glycerol to produce its Iβ-dominated form and then oxidized. The produced materials were subsequently studied using FTIR, CP/MAS (13)C NMR, XRD, and SEM. The solid-state analyses confirmed that the annealed Cladophora cellulose was successfully transformed from an Iα- to an Iβ-dominated form. The results of the analyses of pristine and annealed TEMPO-oxidized samples suggest that Iα- and Iβ-dominated cellulose do not differ in susceptibility to TEMPO-oxidation. This work hence suggests that cellulose from different sources are not expected to differ in susceptibility to the oxidation due to differences in allomorph composition.

Ricardo, o tempo e o valor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Arthmar

2014-03-01

Full Text Available O artigo revisa a evolução da teoria ricardiana do valor em sua conexão com o elemento tempo. Inicialmente, procede-se breve inspeção da primeira proposta de Ricardo para a lei geral das trocas. Contempla-se, a seguir, uma ilustração numérica da fórmula original dos preços competitivos, esclarecendo-se como o fator tempo surgiu nas discussões sobre a teoria desenvolvida nos Principles. Examina-se ainda a versão simplificada da regra do valor introduzida na terceira edição do livro, assim como a proposição ricardiana fundamental de que as variações nos lucros teriam impacto mínimo nos preços. Mostra-se, na última seção, que a generalização do exemplo concebido por Ricardo, incluindo processos produtivos com múltiplos períodos, não sustenta tal asserção.

A Survey of Optometry Graduates to Determine Practice Patterns: Part II: Licensure and Practice Establishment Experiences.

Science.gov (United States)

Bleimann, Robert L.; Smith, Lee W.

1985-01-01

A summary of Part II of a two-volume study of optometry graduates conducted by the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry is presented. Part II includes the analysis of the graduates' licensure and practice establishment experiences. (MLW)

Ratings of speed in real music as a function of both original and manipulated beat tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Madison, Guy; Paulin, Johan

2010-11-01

There is an apparent contradiction between the narrow range of tempi optimal for perceptual judgment and motor synchronization and the wide range of beat tempi found in real music. The relation between listeners' perception of speed and beat tempo was therefore investigated, both for real music excerpts (ME) and metronome sequences. Tempi ranged from 42 to 200 beats per minute (BPM), and some excerpts were further tempo manipulated in four levels from ±5 to ±20%. Regression analyses showed that speed was a shallower function of original tempo for fast (>150 BPM) and slow (tempo had twice as large an effect on speed as had original tempo. In contrast, speed was an almost linear function of tempo for metronome sequences. Taken together, these results show that the non-linearity stems from properties of the musical signal, rather than being a subjective perceptual effect. They indicate an inverse relation between tempo and relative event density in real music, and demonstrate that the perception of periodic signals is affected not only by the beat level, but also by faster and slower levels.

The effects of music tempo and loudness level on treadmill exercise.

Science.gov (United States)

Edworthy, Judy; Waring, Hannah

2006-12-15

This study examined the effects of loudness and tempo of background music on exercise performance. A total of 30 volunteers performed five 10-min exercise sessions on a treadmill. The music listened to whilst exercising was either fast/loud, fast/quiet, slow/loud, slow/quiet or absent. Measures of running speed, heart rate, perceived exertion and affect were taken. Significant effects and interactions were found for running speed and heart rate across the different music tempo and loudness levels. More positive affect was observed during the music condition in comparison to the 'no music' condition. No significant differences for perceived exertion were found across conditions. These results confirm that fast, loud music might be played to enhance optimal exercising, and show how loudness and tempo interact.

Memory for surface features of unfamiliar melodies: independent effects of changes in pitch and tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Schellenberg, E Glenn; Stalinski, Stephanie M; Marks, Bradley M

2014-01-01

A melody's identity is determined by relations between consecutive tones in terms of pitch and duration, whereas surface features (i.e., pitch level or key, tempo, and timbre) are irrelevant. Although surface features of highly familiar recordings are encoded into memory, little is known about listeners' mental representations of melodies heard once or twice. It is also unknown whether musical pitch is represented additively or interactively with temporal information. In two experiments, listeners heard unfamiliar melodies twice in an initial exposure phase. In a subsequent test phase, they heard the same (old) melodies interspersed with new melodies. Some of the old melodies were shifted in key, tempo, or key and tempo. Listeners' task was to rate how well they recognized each melody from the exposure phase while ignoring changes in key and tempo. Recognition ratings were higher for old melodies that stayed the same compared to those that were shifted in key or tempo, and detrimental effects of key and tempo changes were additive in between-subjects (Experiment 1) and within-subjects (Experiment 2) designs. The results confirm that surface features are remembered for melodies heard only twice. They also imply that key and tempo are processed and stored independently.

The thermal performance monitoring and optimisation system (TEMPO): lessons learnt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beere, W.H.Aa.

2005-09-01

The goal of condition monitoring, fault detection and diagnosis is to ensure the success of planned operations by recognizing anomalies in a plant. This is achieved by monitoring the condition of equipment and instrumentation, and by detection, identification, diagnosis and removal of faults. The method of using physical modelling for condition monitoring has been investigated at the Institutt for energiteknikk since 1998. The result of this work was the development of the TEMPO (ThErMal Performance monitoring and Optimisation) toolbox. In this toolbox plant wide models are built up of unit sub-models. These are then linked to measurements by using data reconciliation. This enables the comparison of calculated to measured values as well as an indication of the significance of any deviation. It also allows the calculation of unmeasured variables as well as an overall 'goodness of fit' indicator. Since its first release in 2000 the TEMPO toolbox has been used to model the turbine cycles of several NPPs. Installations include Forsmark 3 and Loviisa 2 with feasibility studies for Dukovany, Olkiluoto 2, Almaraz and Paks. The experience from creating and installing TEMPO at these plants has now been collated and is presented in this report. This experience is used to indicate which direction the further development of TEMPO should take. The experience of using TEMPO has shown that the data-reconciliation method can be applied to the turbine cycles of NPPs. Problems that have arose have primarily been connected to the usability of the toolbox. This has prompted a shift in the development emphasis from the task of developing the method to that of developing its usability. A summary of improvement proposals is given in this paper. The reader is welcome to comment on these proposals or to suggest alternative improvements. (Author)

Funzioni del tempo presente nella strategia narrativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksandra Koman

2017-08-01

Full Text Available La scelta del tempo verbale adatto a una determinata situazione dipende dal rapporto tra il momento dell’avvenimento e quello dell’enunciazione. Se coincidono abbiamo a che fare con il tempo presente (Bertinetto. È necessario, però, ricordare che il presente è in grado di riferirsi agli eventi passati come accade spesso nei testi narrativi. Per capire lo scopo di questa scelta si sono analizzati diversi tipi di scrittura comprovanti che il presente nella narrativa può servire a sottolineare la posizione temporale del narratore (Il fu Mattia Pascal; a evidenziare un momento importante dal punto di vista dello svolgimento dell’azione (Se questo è un uomo; a costruire descrizioni (Vita oppure far entrare il lettore nel vivo del racconto (Gli Italiani in Polonia nei secoli, dando l’impressione che egli sia un testimone diretto degli eventi raccontati.

Escolas de tempo integral e atividades extracurriculares: universos à espera da Psicologia brasileira

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Neyfsom Carlos Fernandes Matias

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Observa-se que, no Brasil, diversas ações vêm sendo desenvolvidas com o intuito de se implantar uma educação em tempo integral. Sabe-se que as atividades ligadas ao esporte, às artes e culturais podem contribuir significativamente nesse sentido. Com base nisso, este artigo apresenta algumas iniciativas que visavam à execução de escolas de tempo integral e como as atividades extracurriculares podem ser úteis na efetivação de uma educação em tempo integral. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de verificar o que já se tem publicado sobre as escolas de tempo integral e atividades extracurriculares, desde uma pesquisa bibliográfica, nos periódicos “Psicologia: teoria e pesquisa”; “Psicologia: reflexão e crítica”; “Psicologia escolar e educacional”. As considerações finais apontam que o estudo sobre as atividades extracurriculares e escolas de tempo integral ainda é embrionário no Brasil e que urge a realização de pesquisas empíricas sobre atividades extracurriculares no País

Visualizing the Past: The Design of a Temporally Enabled Map for Presentation (TEMPO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nathan Prestopnik

2012-01-01

Full Text Available We present a design case for a prototype visualization tool called the Temporally Enabled Map for Presentation (TEMPO. Designed for use in the lecture classroom, TEMPO is an interactive animated map that addressed a common problem in military history: the shortcomings of traditional static (non-interactive, non-animated maps. Static maps show spatial elements well, but cannot do more than approximate temporal events using multiple views, movement arrows, and the like. TEMPO provides a more complete view of past historical events by showing them from start to finish. In our design case we describe our development process, which included consultation with military history domain experts, classroom observations, application of techniques derived from visualization and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI literature and theory. Our design case shows how the design of an educational tool can motivate scholarly evaluation, and we describe how some theories were first embraced and then rejected as design circumstances required. Finally, we explore a future direction for TEMPO, tools to support creative interactions with visualizations where students or instructors can learn by visualizing historical events for themselves. A working version of the finished TEMPO artifact is included as an interactive element in this document.

The Effect of Concurrent Music Reading and Performance on the Ability to Detect Tempo Change.

Science.gov (United States)

Ellis, Mark Carlton

1989-01-01

Measures the ability of three groups of musicians to detect tempo change while reading and performing music. Compares this ability with that of the same musicians to detect tempo change while listening only. Found that for all groups the ability to detect tempo changes was inhibited by the playing task, although to different degrees for each…

TEMPO E HISTÓRIA – revisitando uma discussão conceitual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José D'Assunção Barros

2011-07-01

Full Text Available RESUMO:Busca-se examinar a relação entre Tempo e História, particularmente atentando para os principais conceitos referidos a esta relação: temporalidade, duração, evento, processo e outros. Em um segundo momento, desenvolve-se um contraste entre o conceito aristotélico e o conceito agostiniano de tempo, de modo a preparar as outras duas discussões do artigo: a relação entre ‘tempo da ação’ e ‘tempo da narrativa’ na construção da História, de acordo com Paul Ricoeur, e as relações entre Futuro e Passado na constituição do Presente, de acordo com as contribuições de Koselleck.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tempo; Narrativa; História.ABSTRACT:This article aims to examine the relation between Time and History, attempting in particular to the mainly concepts referred to this relation: Temporality, duration, event, process, and others. In a second moment, it’s developed a contrast between the Aristotelian concept and the Augustinian concept of time, in order to prepare the two other discussions of the article: the relation between ‘action time’ and ‘narrative time’ in the construction of History, according Paul Ricoeur, and the relations between Future and Past in the constitution of Present, according the contributions of Koselleck.KEYWORDS: Time, Narrative; History.Recebido: 06/02/2011         Aceito: 05/04/2011

Cochlear implant users rely on tempo rather than on pitch information during perception of musical emotion.

Science.gov (United States)

Caldwell, Meredith; Rankin, Summer K; Jiradejvong, Patpong; Carver, Courtney; Limb, Charles J

2015-09-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which cochlear implant (CI) users rely on tempo and mode in perception of musical emotion when compared with normal hearing (NH) individuals. A test battery of novel four-bar melodies was created and adapted to four permutations with alterations of tonality (major vs. minor) and tempo (presto vs. largo), resulting in non-ambiguous (major key/fast tempo and minor key/slow tempo) and ambiguous (major key/slow tempo, and minor key/fast tempo) musical stimuli. Both CI and NH participants listened to each clip and provided emotional ratings on a Likert scale of +5 (happy) to -5 (sad). A three-way ANOVA demonstrated an overall effect for tempo in both groups, and an overall effect for mode in the NH group. The CI group rated stimuli of the same tempo similarly, regardless of changes in mode, whereas the NH group did not. A subgroup analysis indicated the same effects in both musician and non-musician CI users and NH listeners. The results suggest that the CI group relied more heavily on tempo than mode in making musical emotion decisions. The subgroup analysis further suggests that level of musical training did not significantly impact this finding. CI users weigh temporal cues more heavily than pitch cues in inferring musical emotion. These findings highlight the significant disadvantage of CI users in comparison with NH listeners for music perception, particularly during recognition of musical emotion, a critically important feature of music.

Healing and relaxation in flows of helium II. Part II. First, second, and fourth sound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hills, R.N.; Roberts, P.H.

1978-01-01

In Part I of this series, a theory of helium II incorporating the effects of quantum healing and relaxation was developed. In this paper, the propagation of first, second, and fourth sound is discussed. Particular attention is paid to sound propagation in the vicinity of the lambda point where the effects of relaxation and quantum healing become important

Blade System Design Study. Part II, final project report (GEC).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Griffin, Dayton A. (DNV Global Energy Concepts Inc., Seattle, WA)

2009-05-01

As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Low Wind Speed Turbine program, Global Energy Concepts LLC (GEC)1 has studied alternative composite materials for wind turbine blades in the multi-megawatt size range. This work in one of the Blade System Design Studies (BSDS) funded through Sandia National Laboratories. The BSDS program was conducted in two phases. In the Part I BSDS, GEC assessed candidate innovations in composite materials, manufacturing processes, and structural configurations. GEC also made recommendations for testing composite coupons, details, assemblies, and blade substructures to be carried out in the Part II study (BSDS-II). The BSDS-II contract period began in May 2003, and testing was initiated in June 2004. The current report summarizes the results from the BSDS-II test program. Composite materials evaluated include carbon fiber in both pre-impregnated and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) forms. Initial thin-coupon static testing included a wide range of parameters, including variation in manufacturer, fiber tow size, fabric architecture, and resin type. A smaller set of these materials and process types was also evaluated in thin-coupon fatigue testing, and in ply-drop and ply-transition panels. The majority of materials used epoxy resin, with vinyl ester (VE) resin also used for selected cases. Late in the project, testing of unidirectional fiberglass was added to provide an updated baseline against which to evaluate the carbon material performance. Numerous unidirectional carbon fabrics were considered for evaluation with VARTM infusion. All but one fabric style considered suffered either from poor infusibility or waviness of fibers combined with poor compaction. The exception was a triaxial carbon-fiberglass fabric produced by SAERTEX. This fabric became the primary choice for infused articles throughout the test program. The generally positive results obtained in this program for the SAERTEX material have led to its

TEMPO-Oxidized Nanofibrillated Cellulose as a High Density Carrier for Bioactive Molecules.

Science.gov (United States)

Weishaupt, Ramon; Siqueira, Gilberto; Schubert, Mark; Tingaut, Philippe; Maniura-Weber, Katharina; Zimmermann, Tanja; Thöny-Meyer, Linda; Faccio, Greta; Ihssen, Julian

2015-11-09

Controlled and efficient immobilization of specific biomolecules is a key technology to introduce new, favorable functions to materials suitable for biomedical applications. Here, we describe an innovative and efficient, two-step methodology for the stable immobilization of various biomolecules, including small peptides and enzymes onto TEMPO oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (TO-NFC). The introduction of carboxylate groups to NFC by TEMPO oxidation provided a high surface density of negative charges able to drive the adsorption of biomolecules and take part in covalent cross-linking reactions with 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide (EDAC) and glutaraldehyde (Ga) chemistry. Up to 0.27 μmol of different biomolecules per mg of TO-NFC could be reversibly immobilized by electrostatic interaction. An additional chemical cross-linking step prevented desorption of more than 80% of these molecules. Using the cysteine-protease papain as model, a highly active papain-TO-NFC conjugate was achieved. Once papain was immobilized, 40% of the initial enzymatic activity was retained, with an increase in kcat from 213 to >700 s(-1) for the covalently immobilized enzymes. The methodology presented in this work expands the range of application for TO-NFC in the biomedical field by enabling well-defined hybrid biomaterials with a high density of functionalization.

Tango or Waltz?: Putting Ballroom Dance Style into Tempo Detection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerhard Rigoll

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Rhythmic information plays an important role in Music Information Retrieval. Example applications include automatically annotating large databases by genre, meter, ballroom dance style or tempo, fully automated D.J.-ing, and audio segmentation for further retrieval tasks such as automatic chord labeling. In this article, we therefore provide an introductory overview over basic and current principles of tempo detection. Subsequently, we show how to improve on these by inclusion of ballroom dance style recognition. We introduce a feature set of 82 rhythmic features for rhythm analysis on real audio. With this set, data-driven identification of the meter and ballroom dance style, employing support vector machines, is carried out in a first step. Next, this information is used to more robustly detect tempo. We evaluate the suggested method on a large public database containing 1.8 k titles of standard and Latin ballroom dance music. Following extensive test runs, a clear boost in performance can be reported.

WACANA KEAGAMAAN SYIAH-SUNNI DALAM MAJALAH TEMPO DAN SUARA HIDAYATULLAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dadang S Anshori

2014-07-01

Full Text Available This study aims to describe the language use as representation of mass media attitudes towards Shia-Sunni conflicts. It employed the qualitative method using Fowler’s critical discourse analysis. The data source was news on Shia-Sunni conflicts in Sampang reported in Tempo and Suara Hidayatullah magazines. The findings are as follows. First, Shia-Sunni conflicts are described in news headings and points of view. Tempo describes the conflicts using the point of view of ‘devil attack’ while Suara Hidayatullah presents them as conflicts of religious understanding. Second, expressions such as ‘belief forcing’, ‘Shia cleansing’, ‘devil attack’, and ‘intolerance’ represent Tempo’s attitudes while expressions such as ‘heretical’, ‘misleading’, ‘hijacking’, ‘deifying something’, and ‘infidel’ represent Suara Hidayatullah’s attitudes. Third, based on the use of vocabulary and sentences, Tempo tends to back the Shia group while Suara Hidayatullah tends to back the Sunni group.

The Mid America Heart Institute: part II.

Science.gov (United States)

McCallister, Ben D; Steinhaus, David M

2003-01-01

The Mid America Heart Institute (MAHI) is one of the first and largest hospitals developed and designed specifically for cardiovascular care. The MAHI hybrid model, which is a partnership between the not-for-profit Saint Luke's Health System, an independent academic medical center, and a private practice physician group, has been extremely successful in providing high-quality patient care as well as developing strong educational and research programs. The Heart Institute has been the leader in providing cardiovascular care in the Kansas City region since its inception in 1975. Although challenges in the future are substantial, it is felt that the MAHI is in an excellent position to deal with the serious issues in health care because of the Heart Institute, its facility, organization, administration, dedicated medical and support staff, and its unique business model of physician management. In part I, the authors described the background and infrastructure of the Heart Institute. In part II, cardiovascular research and benefits of physician management are addressed.

Comparação entre os resultados oclusais e os tempos de tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II por meio da utilização do aparelho Pendulum e das extrações de dois pré-molares superiores Comparison of the occlusal outcomes and the treatment time of Class II malocclusion with the Pendulum appliance and with extraction of two maxillary premolars

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino

2010-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar os resultados oclusais e os tempos de tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II realizado com o aparelho Pendulum e com extrações de dois pré-molares superiores. MÉTODOS: a amostra constituiu-se dos modelos de gesso e das telerradiografias de 48 pacientes com má oclusão de Classe II, divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o protocolo de tratamento. O grupo 1 foi composto por 22 pacientes tratados com o aparelho Pendulum, com idade inicial média de 14,44 anos. O grupo 2 constituiu-se por 26 pacientes tratados com extrações de dois pré-molares superiores, com idade inicial média de 13,66 anos. Os resultados oclusais obtidos pelos dois protocolos de tratamento utilizados foram avaliados em modelos de gesso por meio do índice oclusal PAR, enquanto o tempo de tratamento foi calculado a partir das anotações clínicas presentes nos prontuários. As avaliações foram realizadas por meio do teste t independente. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os resultados oclusais obtidos não demonstraram diferenças entre os grupos, porém o grupo 2 apresentou um tempo de tratamento significativamente menor.AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare the occlusal outcomes and the treatment time of Class II malocclusion with the Pendulum appliance and with extraction of two maxillary premolars. METHODS: 48 Class II malocclusion patients were selected and divided into two groups according to the treatment protocol - group 1 consisted of dental study casts and initial cephalograms of 22 patients treated with the Pendulum appliance, with an initial mean age of 14.44 years, and group 2 consisted of dental study casts and initial cephalograms of 26 patients treated with two maxillary premolar extractions and a initial mean age of 13.66 years. The occlusal outcomes were evaluated on dental casts with the PAR occlusal index and the treatment time of each group was calculated by the clinical records. The variables were compared by the t tests

Nilai Eksklusivitas Dalam Karya Foto Cover Majalah Tempo Edisi 4351 Tentang Kasus Bom Sarinah 2016

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yohanes Christiansen Tanjung

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Visualization towards a news which is not limited on animation or photographic works in electronic media, online, and printed media has purposively been as additional information and becomes a complement of news. Particularly in spot news of the photojournalism works, every occurrence happens quite quickly. Due to photography, every moment can be recorded and well documented, as well as providing answers to what is actually happening on a rapid occurrence. One example is the use of photographs on a printed media, namely Tempo. This Research aims to observe hidden meaning in the works of photojournalism on the cover of Tempo magazine 4351 edition wether it is objective or subjective meaning that be received by the public after seeing the photo on the cover. The method used is descriptive qualitative method by conducting analysis of Peirce semiotics on the cover photo of Tempo magazine issue of 4351. Based on the research which has been done, it can be concluded that the application of visualization conducted by Tempo referred to the works of photojournalism in the cover of Tempo magazine issue of 4351 created exclusivity both in objective and subjective meaning Visualisasi pada suatu pemberitaan baik itu animasi maupun karya foto dalam media elektronik, online, dan pastinya media cetak, mempunyai tujuan sebagai informasi tambahan serta pemanis suatu berita. Khususnya pada karya foto jurnalistik spot news, setiap peristiwa yang terjadi dengan sangat cepat. Oleh karena fotografi, setiap kejadian dapat direkam dan didokumentasikan dengan baik, serta memberikan jawaban atas apa yang sebenarnya terjadi pada suatu peristiwa yang berlangsung dengan cepat. Salah satu contohnya adalah pemakaian karya foto pada sebuah cover media cetak, yaitu Tempo. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna yang tersembunyi dalam karya foto jurnalistik pada cover majalah Tempo edisi 4351 baik berupa makna obyektif maupun subyektif yang diterima publik setelah melihat

Influence of varied tempo music on wheelchair mechanical efficiency following 3-week practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Goosey-Tolfrey, V L; West, M; Lenton, J P; Tolfrey, K

2011-02-01

The purpose of this study was to analyse adaptations in propulsion technique and gross efficiency in novice able-bodied subjects during the initial phase of learning hand-rim wheelchair propulsion to music. 22 able bodied participants performed wheelchair propulsion (1.1 m·s(-1)) followed by a VO(2) peak test on a wheelchair ergometer. Push frequency, gross efficiency (GE), heart rate, rating of perceived exertion and propulsion technique variables (force application and temporal characteristics) were recorded. Participants were then assigned to a 3-wk practice period listening to i) 125 beats·min(-1) tempo music (LOW); ii) 170 beats·min(-1) tempo music (HIGH); or iii) a control group (CON). Following practice, all participants repeated the pre-testing protocol whilst force application data was collected in practice trials 1 and 9. After accounting for the pre-practice differences in GE (using ANCOVA), GE was higher in LOW compared with CON (P=0.038; 6.6 vs. 6.1% respectively). The differences between CON vs. HIGH and LOW vs. HIGH (P=0.830; P=0.188) were trivial suggesting that only LOW experienced an increase in GE. Practice had a favourable effect on the perceptions of effort, work per cycle, push and cycle time in contrast to the CON group. The use of music in a rehabilitation setting warrants further investigation. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Marketing in the E-Business World, Parts I & II | Smith | LBS ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Marketing in the E-Business World, Parts I & II. ... Open Access DOWNLOAD FULL TEXT ... of many of Americas largest companies gather at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel in New York City for the Conference Boards Annual Marketing Conference.

Estimates of the Tempo-adjusted Total Fertility Rate in Western and Eastern Germany, 1955-2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marc Luy

2011-09-01

Full Text Available In this article we present estimates of the tempo-adjusted total fertility rate in Western and Eastern Germany from 1955 to 2008. Tempo adjustment of the total fertility rate (TFR requires data on the annual number of births by parity and age of the mother. Since official statistics do not provide such data for West Germany as well as Eastern Germany from 1990 on we used alternative data sources which include these specific characteristics. The combined picture of conventional TFR and tempo-adjusted TFR* provides interesting information about the trends in period fertility in Western and Eastern Germany, above all with regard to the differences between the two regions and the enormous extent of tempo effects in Eastern Germany during the 1990s. Compared to corresponding data for populations from other countries, our estimates of the tempo-adjusted TFR* for Eastern and Western Germany show plausible trends. Nevertheless, it is important to note that the estimates of the tempo-adjusted total fertility rate presented in this paper should not be seen as being on the level of or equivalent to official statistics since they are based on different kinds of data with different degrees of quality.

40 CFR Appendix II to Part 1045 - Duty Cycles for Propulsion Marine Engines

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Duty Cycles for Propulsion Marine... Pt. 1045, App. II Appendix II to Part 1045—Duty Cycles for Propulsion Marine Engines (a) The following duty cycle applies for discrete-mode testing: E4 Mode No. Enginespeed 1 Torque(percent) 2...

Children's Preference for Sequenced Accompaniments: The Influence of Style and Perceived Tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Brittin, Ruth V.

2000-01-01

Explores the influence of tempo on musical preference for students in grades 2-6, focusing on the effects of various styles using a MIDI keyboard. Explains that the students listened to 10 musical selections identifying their preferences and perceptions of tempo. Reveals that the preferred styles were Hip-Hop, Heavy Rock Shuffle, Samba, and Funk2.…

Importance of A Priori Vertical Ozone Profiles for TEMPO Air Quality Retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, M. S.; Sullivan, J. T.; Liu, X.; Zoogman, P.; Newchurch, M.; Kuang, S.; McGee, T. J.; Leblanc, T.

2017-12-01

Ozone (O3) is a toxic pollutant which plays a major role in air quality. Typically, monitoring of surface air quality and O3 mixing ratios is conducted using in situ measurement networks. This is partially due to high-quality information related to air quality being limited from space-borne platforms due to coarse spatial resolution, limited temporal frequency, and minimal sensitivity to lower tropospheric and surface-level O3. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite is designed to address the limitations of current space-based platforms and to improve our ability to monitor North American air quality. TEMPO will provide hourly data of total column and vertical profiles of O3 with high spatial resolution to be used as a near-real-time air quality product. TEMPO O3 retrievals will apply the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory profile algorithm developed based on work from GOME, GOME-2, and OMI. This algorithm is suggested to use a priori O3 profile information from a climatological data-base developed from long-term ozone-sonde measurements (tropopause-based (TB-Clim) O3 climatology). This study evaluates the TB-Clim dataset and model simulated O3 profiles, which could potentially serve as a priori O3 profile information in TEMPO retrievals, from near-real-time data assimilation model products (NASA GMAO's operational GEOS-5 FP model and reanalysis data from MERRA2) and a full chemical transport model (CTM), GEOS-Chem. In this study, vertical profile products are evaluated with surface (0-2 km) and tropospheric (0-10 km) TOLNet observations and the theoretical impact of individual a priori profile sources on the accuracy of TEMPO O3 retrievals in the troposphere and at the surface are presented. Results indicate that while the TB-Clim climatological dataset can replicate seasonally-averaged tropospheric O3 profiles, model-simulated profiles from a full CTM resulted in more accurate tropospheric and surface-level O3 retrievals from

Methods of humidity determination Part II: Determination of material humidity

OpenAIRE

Rübner, Katrin; Balköse, Devrim; Robens, E.

2008-01-01

Part II covers the most common methods of measuring the humidity of solid material. State of water near solid surfaces, gravimetric measurement of material humidity, measurement of water sorption isotherms, chemical methods for determination of water content, measurement of material humidity via the gas phase, standardisation, cosmonautical observations are reviewed.

Optimal Tempo for Groove: Its Relation to Directions of Body Movement and Japanese nori

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Takahide Etani

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The tendency for groove-based music to induce body movements has been linked to multiple acoustical factors. However, it is unclear how or whether tempo affects groove, although tempo significantly affects other aspects of music perception. To address this issue, the present study investigated effects of tempo, specific rhythmic organizations of patterns, and syncopation on groove and the induction of the sensation of wanting to move. We focused on the directions of body movement in particular by taking into account nori, which is an indigenous Japanese musical term used not only synonymously with groove, but also as a spatial metaphor indicating vertical or horizontal movement directions. Thus, the present study explored how groove was felt and defined, as well as how musical factors induced the sensation of wanting to move in cross-cultural context. A listening experiment was conducted using drum breaks as stimuli. Stimuli consisted of various rhythm patterns at six tempi from 60 to 200 BPM. The main findings are that: (1 an optimal tempo for groove existed for drum breaks at around 100–120 BPM, (2 an optimal tempo existed for the sensation of wanting to move the body in specific directions (i.e., back-and-forth and side-to-side, (3 groove and nori shared a similar concept of wanting to move but differed on several points (i.e., association with sense of pulse and fast tempo. Overall, the present study suggests that there is an optimal tempo for body movement related to groove. This finding has implications for the use of music or rhythmic stimuli to induce smooth motion in rehabilitation, therapy, or dance.

Optimal Tempo for Groove: Its Relation to Directions of Body Movement and Japanese nori.

Science.gov (United States)

Etani, Takahide; Marui, Atsushi; Kawase, Satoshi; Keller, Peter E

2018-01-01

The tendency for groove-based music to induce body movements has been linked to multiple acoustical factors. However, it is unclear how or whether tempo affects groove, although tempo significantly affects other aspects of music perception. To address this issue, the present study investigated effects of tempo, specific rhythmic organizations of patterns, and syncopation on groove and the induction of the sensation of wanting to move. We focused on the directions of body movement in particular by taking into account nori , which is an indigenous Japanese musical term used not only synonymously with groove, but also as a spatial metaphor indicating vertical or horizontal movement directions. Thus, the present study explored how groove was felt and defined, as well as how musical factors induced the sensation of wanting to move in cross-cultural context. A listening experiment was conducted using drum breaks as stimuli. Stimuli consisted of various rhythm patterns at six tempi from 60 to 200 BPM. The main findings are that: (1) an optimal tempo for groove existed for drum breaks at around 100-120 BPM, (2) an optimal tempo existed for the sensation of wanting to move the body in specific directions (i.e., back-and-forth and side-to-side), (3) groove and nori shared a similar concept of wanting to move but differed on several points (i.e., association with sense of pulse and fast tempo). Overall, the present study suggests that there is an optimal tempo for body movement related to groove. This finding has implications for the use of music or rhythmic stimuli to induce smooth motion in rehabilitation, therapy, or dance.

Tempos históricos, tempos físicos, tempos epidemiológicos: prováveis contribuições de Fernand Braudel e Ilya Prigogine ao pensamento epidemiológico Historical times, physical times, epidemiological times: probable contributions of Fernand Braudel and Ilya Prigogine to epidemiological thinking

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gil Sevalho

1997-01-01

Full Text Available O texto é uma abordagem acerca do tempo enquanto categoria científica para a epidemiologia. A partir do aforismo tempo-lugar-pessoa, o tempo é apontado como elemento pouco pensado pela epidemiologia, embora esteja presente em vários dos seus conceitos. No entanto, o tema tem sido objeto de reflexão importante na movimentação recente de várias disciplinas, tais como a história, a geografia, a biologia e a física, e deve por isto representar para a epidemiologia um ponto de vista interessante, tanto no que concerne ao diálogo interdisciplinar quanto ao estabelecimento de um olhar crítico voltado para a própria disciplina. Com o objetivo de argumentar a respeito destes aspectos, apresenta-se o tempo histórico de Fernand Braudel e o tempo físico de Ilya Prigogine, construções teóricas que serão comparadas com um provável tempo epidemiológico. Ao final, usando a questão das infecções emergentes como exemplo, faz-se considerações sobre a aparente inadequação epistemológica do tempo epidemiológico para reconhecer e lidar com os aspectos sociais e históricos envolvidos na complexidade do adoecer humano coletivo.The text is an approach on time as a scientific category in epidemiology. Considering the aphorism time-place-person, time is pointed out as an element with little theoretical concern, despite its presence in main epidemiological concepts. While a topic connected to important changes in other disciplines, such as history, geography, biology and physics, time represents an interesting point of view to the interdisciplinary dialogue and its relevance for a critical knowledge in epidemiology. To argue about this idea, the historical and physical time constructions of Fernand Braudel and Ilya Prigogine are presented. These time theoretical constructions are compared with a probable epidemiological time. Finally, using the emerging infectious diseases as an example, some considerations are made about an apparent

Metal-free TEMPO-promoted C(sp³)-H amination to afford multisubstituted benzimidazoles.

Science.gov (United States)

Xue, Ding; Long, Ya-Qiu

2014-05-16

An efficient TEMPO-air/cat. TEMPO-O2 oxidative protocol was developed to synthesize multisubstituted or fused tetracyclic benzimidazoles via a metal-free oxidative C-N coupling between the sp(3) C-H and free N-H of readily available N(1)-benzyl/alkyl-1,2-phenylenediamines.

The year 2012 in the European Heart Journal-Cardiovascular Imaging. Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Plein, Sven; Knuuti, Juhani; Edvardsen, Thor; Saraste, Antti; Piérard, Luc A; Maurer, Gerald; Lancellotti, Patrizio

2013-07-01

The part II of the best of the European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging in 2012 specifically focuses on studies of valvular heart diseases, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart diseases.

On the Efficiency of Connection Charges---Part II: Integration of Distributed Energy Resources

OpenAIRE

Munoz-Alvarez, Daniel; Garcia-Franco, Juan F.; Tong, Lang

2017-01-01

This two-part paper addresses the design of retail electricity tariffs for distribution systems with distributed energy resources (DERs). Part I presents a framework to optimize an ex-ante two-part tariff for a regulated monopolistic retailer who faces stochastic wholesale prices on the one hand and stochastic demand on the other. In Part II, the integration of DERs is addressed by analyzing their endogenous effect on the optimal two-part tariff and the induced welfare gains. Two DER integrat...

Relationship between heart rate and preference for tempo of music.

Science.gov (United States)

Iwanaga, M

1995-10-01

People prefer music with tempi ranging from 70 to 100 cycles per minute similar to that of adults' heart rate within normal daily situations. Previous studies of the relation between preferred tempi and heart rates using a pure tone also have indicated that subjects tended to prefer tempi similar to their heart rates. The present study examined this relationship using a musical piece (the theme of "It's a small world") as a stimulus. 14 undergraduate women were subjects who searched for their favorite tempi by controlling the musical tempo by themselves. The most preferred tempo was close to their cycle of heart beats, however, tempi that were one and a half and twice as fast as the heart rate were less preferred in the present study than in a previous study using a tone. Subjects preferred faster tempi in the descending series of stimuli than in the ascending one, and hence were influenced by the initial value of the tempo in the trial sequence. The effects due to the differences of the meaning of the stimuli are considered.

Beating time: How ensemble musicians' cueing gestures communicate beat position and tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Bishop, Laura; Goebl, Werner

2018-01-01

Ensemble musicians typically exchange visual cues to coordinate piece entrances. "Cueing-in" gestures indicate when to begin playing and at what tempo. This study investigated how timing information is encoded in musicians' cueing-in gestures. Gesture acceleration patterns were expected to indicate beat position, while gesture periodicity, duration, and peak gesture velocity were expected to indicate tempo. Same-instrument ensembles (e.g., piano-piano) were expected to synchronize more successfully than mixed-instrument ensembles (e.g., piano-violin). Duos performed short passages as their head and (for violinists) bowing hand movements were tracked with accelerometers and Kinect sensors. Performers alternated between leader/follower roles; leaders heard a tempo via headphones and cued their partner in nonverbally. Violin duos synchronized more successfully than either piano duos or piano-violin duos, possibly because violinists were more experienced in ensemble playing than pianists. Peak acceleration indicated beat position in leaders' head-nodding gestures. Gesture duration and periodicity in leaders' head and bowing hand gestures indicated tempo. The results show that the spatio-temporal characteristics of cueing-in gestures guide beat perception, enabling synchronization with visual gestures that follow a range of spatial trajectories.

Oltre lo spazio e il tempo la nuova fisica

CERN Document Server

Lachièze-Rey, Marc

2004-01-01

Oggi la fisica si fonda, allo stesso tempo, sulla meccanica quantistica e sulla relatività generale. Ma, in quanto veri e propri sistemi di pensiero, queste due teorie suggeriscono due distinte visioni del mondo, non conciliabili nel quadro di una descrizione unificata. Se dunque la fisica attuale si rivela inadeguata, occorre costruirne una nuova, percorrendo fino in fondo la via geometrica. Supersimmetria, stringhe e superstringhe, gravità e cosmologia quantistiche, geometria non commutativa: nuove audaci ipotesi al servizio di nuove teorie che rinnovano la nostra concezione dello spazio, del tempo, della materia e dell'Universo, e che trovano nel volume una presentazione chiara e accessibile anche a un pubblico di non specialisti.

Evaluating A Priori Ozone Profile Information Used in TEMPO Tropospheric Ozone Retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, Matthew S.; Sullivan, John T.; Liu, Xiong; Newchurch, Mike; Kuang, Shi; McGee, Thomas J.; Langford, Andrew O'Neil; Senff, Christoph J.; Leblanc, Thierry; Berkoff, Timothy;

Evaluating A Priori Ozone Profile Information Used in TEMPO Tropospheric Ozone Retrievals

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson, M. S.; Sullivan, J. T.; Liu, X.; Newchurch, M.; Kuang, S.; McGee, T. J.; Langford, A. O.; Senff, C. J.; Leblanc, T.; Berkoff, T.; Gronoff, G.; Chen, G.; Strawbridge, K. B.

2016-12-01

Ozone (O3) is a greenhouse gas and toxic pollutant which plays a major role in air quality. Typically, monitoring of surface air quality and O3 mixing ratios is primarily conducted using in situ measurement networks. This is partially due to high-quality information related to air quality being limited from space-borne platforms due to coarse spatial resolution, limited temporal frequency, and minimal sensitivity to lower tropospheric and surface-level O3. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite is designed to address these limitations of current space-based platforms and to improve our ability to monitor North American air quality. TEMPO will provide hourly data of total column and vertical profiles of O3 with high spatial resolution to be used as a near-real-time air quality product. TEMPO O3 retrievals will apply the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory profile algorithm developed based on work from GOME, GOME-2, and OMI. This algorithm uses a priori O3 profile information from a climatological data-base developed from long-term ozone-sonde measurements (tropopause-based (TB) O3 climatology). It has been shown that satellite O3 retrievals are sensitive to a priori O3 profiles and covariance matrices. During this work we investigate the climatological data to be used in TEMPO algorithms (TB O3) and simulated data from the NASA GMAO Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) Forward Processing (FP) near-real-time (NRT) model products. These two data products will be evaluated with ground-based lidar data from the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) at various locations of the US. This study evaluates the TB climatology, GEOS-5 climatology, and 3-hourly GEOS-5 data compared to lower tropospheric observations to demonstrate the accuracy of a priori information to potentially be used in TEMPO O3 algorithms. Here we present our initial analysis and the theoretical impact on TEMPO retrievals in the lower troposphere.

Manipulating Greek musical modes and tempo affects perceived musical emotion in musicians and nonmusicians.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramos, D; Bueno, J L O; Bigand, E

2011-02-01

The combined influence of tempo and mode on emotional responses to music was studied by crossing 7 changes in mode with 3 changes in tempo. Twenty-four musicians aged 19 to 25 years (12 males and 12 females) and 24 nonmusicians aged 17 to 25 years (12 males and 12 females) were required to perform two tasks: 1) listening to different musical excerpts, and 2) associating an emotion to them such as happiness, serenity, fear, anger, or sadness. ANOVA showed that increasing the tempo strongly affected the arousal (F(2,116) = 268.62, mean square error (MSE) = 0.6676, P effects were found between tempo and mode (F (1,58) = 115.6, MSE = 0.6428, P effects. This finding demonstrates that small changes in the pitch structures of modes modulate the emotions associated with the pieces, confirming the cognitive foundation of emotional responses to music.

A developmental study of the affective value of tempo and mode in music.

Science.gov (United States)

Dalla Bella, S; Peretz, I; Rousseau, L; Gosselin, N

2001-07-01

Do children use the same properties as adults in determining whether music sounds happy or sad? We addressed this question with a set of 32 excerpts (16 happy and 16 sad) taken from pre-existing music. The tempo (i.e. the number of beats per minute) and the mode (i.e. the specific subset of pitches used to write a given musical excerpt) of these excerpts were modified independently and jointly in order to measure their effects on happy-sad judgments. Adults and children from 3 to 8 years old were required to judge whether the excerpts were happy or sad. The results show that as adults, 6--8-year-old children are affected by mode and tempo manipulations. In contrast, 5-year-olds' responses are only affected by a change of tempo. The youngest children (3--4-year-olds) failed to distinguish the happy from the sad tone of the music above chance. The results indicate that tempo is mastered earlier than mode to infer the emotional tone conveyed by music.

Effect of TEMPO-oxidization and rapid cooling on thermo-structural properties of nanocellulose.

Science.gov (United States)

Mhd Haniffa, Mhd Abd Cader; Ching, Yern Chee; Chuah, Cheng Hock; Yong Ching, Kuan; Nazri, Nik; Abdullah, Luqman Chuah; Nai-Shang, Liou

2017-10-01

Recently, surface functionality and thermal property of the green nanomaterials have received wide attention in numerous applications. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used to prepare the nanocrystalline celluloses (NCCs) using acid hydrolysis method. The NCCs was treated with TEMPO [(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy radical]-oxidation to prepare TEMPO-oxidized NCCs. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) also prepared from MCC using TEMPO-oxidation. The effects of rapid cooling and chemical treatments on the thermo-structural property studies of the prepared nanocelluloses were investigated through FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetric (TGA-DTG), and XRD. A posteriori knowledge of the FTIR and TGA-DTG analysis revealed that the rapid cooling treatment enhanced the hydrogen bond energy and thermal stability of the TEMPO-oxidized NCC compared to other nanocelluloses. XRD analysis exhibits the effect of rapid cooling on pseudo 2 I helical conformation. This was the first investigation performed on the effect of rapid cooling on structural properties of the nanocellulose. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Subseabed disposal program annual report, January-December 1979. Volume II. Appendices (principal investigator progress reports). Part 2 of 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Talbert, D.M.

1981-04-01

Volume II of the sixth annual report describing the progress and evaluating the status of the Subseabed Disposal Program contains the appendices referred to in Volume II, Summary and Status. Because of the length of Volume II, it has been split into two parts for publication purposes. Part 1 contains Appendices A-O; Part 2 contains Appendices P-FF. Separate abstracts have been prepared for each appendix for inclusion in the Energy Data Base

HALAMAN MUKA MAJALAH TEMPO (Studi Analisis isi Perbedaan Halaman Muka Sebagai Representasi Tajuk Utama Majalah Tempo Edisi Tahun 1993/1994 dengan Tahun 2009/2010

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lukman Nusa

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Tidak ada yang lebih penting dari sebuah majalah selain halaman mukanya. Sebuah halaman muka menentukan pandangan pertama yang nantinya juga akan mempengaruhi minat baca dari khalayak. Bagi media cetak yang sadar akan arti pentingya, halaman muka didesain sedemikian rupa hingga menjadi sebuah desain sederhana namun kompetitif dan menarik sekaligus mencerminkan filosofi dari media tersebut. Selanjutnya, sebuah teori pendekatan lingkungan menyatakan bahwa sampai pada tingkat tertentu, sistem politik berpengaruh pada komunikasi begitupun sebaliknya. Teori semacam ini menjelaskan bahwa dengan kebijakan-kebijakan yang dilahirkan pada sebuah sistem politik, hingga tingkat tertentu berpengaruh pada pemberitaan sebuah media. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kecenderungan pemberitaan majalah berita nasional Tempo yang dapat dilihat dari bagian halaman mukanya pada dua periode yang memiliki karakteristik sistem politik yang berseberangan di Indonesia Kata kunci: Media, Politik, Konten Analisis. Abstract None of the magazine’s part which as important as its cover. The magazine covers determine the people’s first impression futhermore will influence their interest to read. For the press media who realize the importances, the covers will be designed as a simple but competitive and interesting design which representating the media’s philosophy. Futhermore, the theory of Environment states that until specific level, political system influences communication vise versa. This theory describes that the governement policy which is born in a political system, until a specific level, influences the news release. Base from the states, the problem of this research is the preference of Tempo the national news magazine’s news release which can be seen from its covers at two periods which has different political system’s characteristic in Indonesia. Keywords: Media, Politik, Content Analysis

Tempo e Trânsito na Experiência Subjetiva de Motoristas

OpenAIRE

Ana Inez Oka Elvas de Lima; Sylvia Cavalcante

2015-01-01

Esta pesquisa investiga como são percebidos e vivenciados o tempo e a pressa no trânsito por motoristas de Fortaleza, identificando e analisando seus estados subjetivos e comportamentos associados a essa experiência. Para a coleta de dados, organizaram-se quatro grupos focais, a partir dos quais emergiram diversos elementos relacionados ao tempo e à pressa e à incidência de comportamentos inadequados no trânsito, segundo o sexo e a idade dos participantes. Para analisar os dados obtidos nas d...

Ultra-low fertility in South Korea: The role of the tempo effect

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sam Hyun Yoo

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Background: The total fertility rate (TFR in South Korea has fallen below 1.3 since 2001. The role of the rapid shift toward a late-childbearing pattern in driving Korean fertility decline to this ultra-low level has been little explored until now. Objective: We provide an in-depth analysis of period fertility trends by birth order in South Korea from 1981 to 2015, when the period TFR fell from 2.57 to extremely low levels. Methods: We combine census and birth registration data to estimate period and cohort fertility indicators by birth order. We compare changes in conventional TFR with tempo- and parity-adjusted total fertility rate (TFRp* and their birth-order-specific components. Results: The tempo effect linked to the shift toward delayed childbearing has had a strong and persistent negative influence on period TFRs in South Korea since the early 1980s. Without the shift to later childbearing, period fertility rates in South Korea would consistently stay higher and decline more gradually, reaching a threshold of very low fertility, 1.5, only in 2014. The postponement of childbearing and the resulting tempo effect were strongest in the early 2000s, when Korean TFR reached the lowest levels. More recently, Korean fertility has been characterized by a diminishing tempo effect and falling first and second birth rates. This trend marks a break with the previous pattern of almost universal fertility and a strong two-child family model. Contribution: Our study demonstrates the importance of the tempo effect in explaining the shift to ultra-low fertility in South Korea and in East Asia

Subseabed disposal program annual report, January-December 1980. Volume II. Appendices (principal investigator progress reports). Part 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hinga, K.R.

1981-07-01

Volume II of the sixth annual report describing the progress and evaluating the status of the Subseabed Disposal Program contains the appendices referred to in Volume I, Summary and Status. Because of the length of Volume II, it has been split into two parts for publication purposes. Part 1 contains Appendices A-Q; Part 2 contains Appendices R-MM. Separate abstracts have been prepared for each appendix for inclusion in the Energy Data Base

Subseabed disposal program annual report, January-December 1980. Volume II. Appendices (principal investigator progress reports). Part 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hinga, K.R. (ed.)

1981-07-01

Volume II of the sixth annual report describing the progress and evaluating the status of the Subseabed Disposal Program contains the appendices referred to in Volume I, Summary and Status. Because of the length of Volume II, it has been split into two parts for publication purposes. Part 1 contains Appendices A-Q; Part 2 contains Appendices R-MM. Separate abstracts have been prepared for each appendix for inclusion in the Energy Data Base.

A TEMPO-free copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Boran; Lumb, Jean-Philip; Arndtsen, Bruce A

2015-03-27

The copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols without an external N-oxide co-oxidant is described. The catalyst system is composed of a Cu/diamine complex inspired by the enzyme tyrosinase, along with dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) or N-methylimidazole (NMI). The Cu catalyst system works without 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-l-piperidinoxyl (TEMPO) at ambient pressure and temperature, and displays activity for un-activated secondary alcohols, which remain a challenging substrate for catalytic aerobic systems. Our work underscores the importance of finding alternative mechanistic pathways for alcohol oxidation, which complement Cu/TEMPO systems, and demonstrate, in this case, a preference for the oxidation of activated secondary over primary alcohols. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Starting a hospital-based home health agency: Part II--Key success factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Montgomery, P

1993-09-01

In Part II of a three-part series, the financial, technological and legislative issues of a hospital-based home health-agency are discussed. Beginning a home healthcare service requires intensive research to answer key environmental and operational questions--need, competition, financial projections, initial start-up costs and the impact of delayed depreciation. Assessments involving technology, staffing, legislative and regulatory issues can help project service volume, productivity and cost-control.

Structural, thermal and photo-physical data of azo-aromatic TEMPO derivatives before and after their grafting to polyolefins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesca Cicogna

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The data reported in this paper are complementary to the characterization of 4-(phenylazo-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (AzO-TEMPO and of the 4-(2-thienylazo-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (ThiO-TEMPO before and after their grafting to two polyethylene matrices (a copolymer ethylene/α-olefin (co-EO and a high density polyethylene (HDPE. Particularly the data reported in this paper confirm the structure (FT-IR analysis, the thermal (TGA and EPR and the photo-physical (UV–vis properties of the RO-TEMPO derivatives before and after their grafting. Herein, the FT-IR spectrum and TGA thermogram of ThiO-TEMPO were compared with those of AzO-TEMPO. Moreover, the superimposition of UV–vis spectra collected during the irradiation under 366 or 254 nm emitting lamp of AzO-TEMPO and ThiO-TEMPO in acetonitrile solution are reported. Finally, a complete DSC characterization of the functionalized POs is shown.DOI of original article: 〈http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.11.018〉 [1

Association Between National Board Dental Examination Part II Scores and Comprehensive Examinations at Harvard School of Dental Medicine.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Min Kyeong; Allareddy, Veerasathpurush; Howell, T Howard; Karimbux, Nadeem Y

2011-01-01

Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) uses a hybrid problem-based approach to teaching in the predoctoral program. The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a formative examination designed to assess the performance of students in the problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum. At HSDM three comprehensive examinations with OSCE components are administered during the third and fourth years of clinical training. The National Board Dental Examination (NBDE) Part II is taken in the final year of the predoctoral program. This study examines the association between the NBDE Part II and the comprehensive exams held at HSDM. Predoctoral students from the HSDM classes of 2005 and 2006 were included in this study. The outcome variable of interest was the scores obtained by students in the NBDE Part II, and the main independent variable of interest was the performance of students in the comprehensive exams (honors, pass, make-up exam to pass). The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to examine the association between the grades obtained in the each of the three comprehensive exams and the NBDE Part II scores. Multivariable linear regression analysis was also used to examine the association between the NBDE Part II scores and the comprehensive exam grades. The effect of potential confounding factors including age, sex, and race/ethnicity was adjusted. The results suggest that students who performed well in the comprehensive exams performed better on the NBDE Part II, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Future studies will examine the long-term impact of PBL on postdoctoral plans and career choices.

Effect of Melodic Rhythm on Elementary Students' and College Undergraduates' Perceptions of Relative Tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Duke, Robert A.

1989-01-01

Uses extant musical examples as stimuli in order to assess the effect of melodic rhythm as a determinant of relative tempo as perceived by college undergraduates and elementary students. Results indicate that subjects responded to the melodic rhythm as well as the beat when making tempo judgments. (LS)

Determinação da Distribuição de Tempos de Residência em Tempo Real no Processamento Reativo de Blendas Poliméricas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mélo Tomás J. A. de

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Determinou-se por transmissão de luz a distribuição de tempos de residência (DTR em tempo real em uma extrusora com rosca dupla co-rotativa e autolimpante onde o sinal do detetor é sensível à presença da segunda fase dispersa, usada como traçador. Vários traçadores foram utilizados em diferentes concentrações: dois pigmentos (TiO2 e ftalocianina e dois polímeros (poliestireno PS e poliamida-6 PA6 sendo adicionados na forma de um pulso em um fluxo de polipropileno (PP. Os parâmetros temporais (tempos de residência inicial, t i e médio t n e a variância normalizada s q² medidos nas mesmas condições de processamento são muito próximos, dentro do erro experimental, indicando que a dispersão axial neste tipo de extrusora é independente do traçador. Por outro lado curvas de DTR medidas usando-se um polímero traçador (PS disperso em um polímero de fluxo (PP ficam deslocadas no tempo quando a situação é invertida, ou seja, usando-se PP como traçador em um fluxo de PS. Os parâmetros temporais são dependentes das características reológicas do polímero de fluxo, assim diferentes tipos de um mesmo polímero apresentam DTR com formas diferentes e deslocadas no tempo. A intensidade do sinal produzido pelo detetor é dependente não só da concentração mas também das características ópticas do par polímero/traçador, ou polímero/fase dispersa. Misturas poliméricas reativas (PP/PA6/PP-g-AA e não reativas (PP/PA6 apresentaram diferenças na intensidade do sinal da DTR, devido à ocorrência da reação de graftização com conseqüente mudança na morfologia e no comportamento reológico. Estes resultados foram corroborados com medidas "off-line" por espectroscopia no infravermelho.

Relational invariance of expressive microstructure across global tempo changes in music performance: an exploratory study.

Science.gov (United States)

Repp, B H

1994-01-01

This study addressed the question of whether the expressive microstructure of a music performance remains relationally invariant across moderate (musically acceptable) changes in tempo. Two pianists played Schumann's "Träumerei" three times at each of three tempi on a digital piano, and the performance data were recorded in MIDI format. In a perceptual test, musically trained listeners attempted to distinguish the original performances from performances that had been artificially speeded up or slowed down to the same overall duration. Accuracy in this task was barely above chance, suggesting that relational invariance was largely preserved. Subsequent analysis of the MIDI data confirmed that each pianist's characteristic timing patterns were highly similar across the three tempi, although there were statistically significant deviations from perfect relational invariance. The timing of (relatively slow) grace notes seemed relationally invariant, but selective examination of other detailed temporal features (chord asynchrony, tone overlap, pedal timing) revealed no systematic scaling with tempo. Finally, although the intensity profile seemed unaffected by tempo, a slight overall increase in intensity with tempo was observed. Effects of musical structure on expressive microstructure were large and pervasive at all levels, as were individual differences between the two pianists. For the specific composition and range of tempi considered here, these results suggest that major (cognitively controlled) temporal and dynamic features of a performance change roughly in proportion with tempo, whereas minor features tend to be governed by tempo-independent motoric constraints.

Intelligent control of HVAC systems. Part II: perceptron performance analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ioan URSU

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This is the second part of a paper on intelligent type control of Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning (HVAC systems. The whole study proposes a unified approach in the design of intelligent control for such systems, to ensure high energy efficiency and air quality improving. In the first part of the study it is considered as benchmark system a single thermal space HVAC system, for which it is assigned a mathematical model of the controlled system and a mathematical model(algorithm of intelligent control synthesis. The conception of the intelligent control is of switching type, between a simple neural network, a perceptron, which aims to decrease (optimize a cost index,and a fuzzy logic component, having supervisory antisaturating role for neuro-control. Based on numerical simulations, this Part II focuses on the analysis of system operation in the presence only ofthe neural control component. Working of the entire neuro-fuzzy system will be reported in a third part of the study.

TEMPO addition into pre-irradiated fluoropolymers and living-radical graft polymerization of styrene for preparation of polymer electrolyte membranes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sawada, Shin-ichi, E-mail: sawada.shinnichi@jaea.go.j [Conducting Polymer Materials Research Group, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Suzuki, Akihiro; Terai, Takayuki [Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 (Japan); Maekawa, Yasunari, E-mail: maekawa.yasunari@jaea.go.j [Conducting Polymer Materials Research Group, Quantum Beam Science Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292 (Japan)

2010-04-15

We prepared proton exchange membranes (PEMs) by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (TEMPO)-mediated living-radical graft polymerization (LRGP) of styrene into fluoropolymer films and subsequent sulfonation. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films were first irradiated and then treated with TEMPO solutions in various solvents. TEMPO addition was confirmed by the test of styrene grafting into TEMPO-treated films at 60 deg. C, at which the LRGP never proceeds. This test enabled us to differentiate the LRGP from the conventional graft polymerization. In order to gain a deep insight about TEMPO-addition reaction, the TEMPO-penetration behavior into the base polymer films was examined by a permeation experiment and computer simulation. Xylene and dioxane were appropriate solvents for the complete introduction of TEMPO into PVDF and ETFE films, respectively. Then, the LRGP of styrene was performed based on the fully TEMPO-capped films at 125 deg. C with various solvents. By using an alcoholic solvent, the degree of grafting was enhanced and it reached a maximum of 38%. This grafted film was sulfonated to prepare a PEM showing an ion exchange capacity of 2.2 meq/g and proton conductivity of 1.6x10{sup -1} S/cm.

Lokasi Dan Kelompok Teater Indonesia 2001-2005 (Analisis Rubrik Teater Majalah Tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nurhadi Nurhadi

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kelompok-kelompok teater yang berkecimpung dalam pementasan teater di Indonesia dan peta lokasi pementasan sebagaimana diulas dalam majalah Tempo tahun 2001-2005. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kelompok teater yang paling konsisten dalam mementaskan suatu naskah setiap tahunnya adalah Teater Koma. Kelompok teater berikutnya yang relatif banyak berkiprah dari tahun 2001-2005 berdasarkan artikel rubrik teater Tempo yaitu Teater Mandiri, Teater Garasi, dan Actors Unlimited Bandung. Kelompok teater pada jajaran berikutnya yang mementaskan lebih dari satu kali pada periode 2001-2005, yaitu Teater Gandrik, Bengkel Teater, dan Mainteater Jakarta. Lokasi pementasan teater selama 2001-2005 berdasarkan rubrik teater majalah Tempo sebagian besar berlangsung di berbagai gedung teater di Jakarta. Perbandingan jumlah lokasi pertunjukannya adalah sebagai berikut: Jakarta (50 pementasan, Yogyakarta (6 pementasan, Surakarta (2 pementasan dan Bandung (1 pementasan. Abstract: This article aims to describe the theater groups being active in theater performances in Indonesia and the performance location map as reviewed in Tempo magazine in 2001-2005. The research result has shown that the most consistent theater group in performing a script each year is Teater Koma. The next group which have relatively many performances in 2001-2005 according to Tempo’s articles are Teater Mandiri, Teater Garasi, and Actors Unlimited Bandung. The next level groups which have more than one performance in 2001-2005 are Teater Gandrik, Bengkel Teater, and Mainteater Jakarta. The theater performance locations in 2001-2005, according to Tempo’s articles, mostly took place in Jakarta’s theater houses. The ratio of performance locations amount is as follows: Jakarta (50 performances, Yogyakarta (6 performances, Surakarta (2 performances, and Bandung (1 performance. Key Words: theater performance location, theater group, Tempo magazine

International Working Group on Fast Reactors Thirteenth Annual Meeting. Summary Report. Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1980-10-01

The Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the IAEA International Working Group on Fast Reactors was held at the IAEA Headquarters, Vienna, Austria from 9 to 11 April 1980. The Summary Report (Part I) contains the Minutes of the Meeting. The Summary Report (Part II) contains the papers which review the national programme in the field of LMFBRs and other presentations at the Meeting. The Summary Report (Part III) contains the discussions on the review of the national programmes

Pentacene appended to a TEMPO stable free radical: the effect of magnetic exchange coupling on photoexcited pentacene.

Science.gov (United States)

Chernick, Erin T; Casillas, Rubén; Zirzlmeier, Johannes; Gardner, Daniel M; Gruber, Marco; Kropp, Henning; Meyer, Karsten; Wasielewski, Michael R; Guldi, Dirk M; Tykwinski, Rik R

2015-01-21

Understanding the fundamental spin dynamics of photoexcited pentacene derivatives is important in order to maximize their potential for optoelectronic applications. Herein, we report on the synthesis of two pentacene derivatives that are functionalized with the [(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxy] (TEMPO) stable free radical. The presence of TEMPO does not quench the pentacene singlet excited state, but does quench the photoexcited triplet excited state as a function of TEMPO-to-pentacene distance. Time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance experiments confirm that triplet quenching is accompanied by electron spin polarization transfer from the pentacene excited state to the TEMPO doublet state in the weak coupling regime.

Representasi Pemberitaan Wanita Pelaku Kejahatan di Media Massa (Analisis Karikatur dan Konten Berita Malinda Dee di Majalah TEMPO)

OpenAIRE

Lubis, Ghassani S.

2015-01-01

This research titled “Representation of Women Offenders Reporting in Mass Media”. A Study of semiotics analysis of TEMPO magazine‟s front covers and news content on editions in April 4th and 11th 2011. Caricature cover and news content of TEMPO has been analyzed to discover the meaning and myths and representation of Malinda Dee in TEMPO magazine. Malinda cover design TEMPO edition number 05/40 (4th April 2011) and 06/40 (11th April 2011), depicting two historical females in the world that is...

Tempo e Trânsito na Experiência Subjetiva de Motoristas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Inez Oka Elvas de Lima

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa investiga como são percebidos e vivenciados o tempo e a pressa no trânsito por motoristas de Fortaleza, identificando e analisando seus estados subjetivos e comportamentos associados a essa experiência. Para a coleta de dados, organizaram-se quatro grupos focais, a partir dos quais emergiram diversos elementos relacionados ao tempo e à pressa e à incidência de comportamentos inadequados no trânsito, segundo o sexo e a idade dos participantes. Para analisar os dados obtidos nas discussões grupais utilizaram-se os critérios da Análise Clássica de Conteúdo. Os resultados levaram à conclusão de que a questão do tempo e da pressa constitui um potencial gerador de erros e violações na condução de veículos, pois exerce influência decisiva sobre os comportamentos dos motoristas e configura uma realidade importante para se compreender os fatores humanos envolvidos na dinâmica do trânsito e do ambiente urbano como um todo.

Delivery systems for biopharmaceuticals. Part II: Liposomes, Micelles, Microemulsions and Dendrimers.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Ana C; Lopes, Carla M; Lobo, José M S; Amaral, Maria H

2015-01-01

Biopharmaceuticals are a generation of drugs that include peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cell products. According to their particular molecular characteristics (e.g. high molecular size, susceptibility to enzymatic activity), these products present some limitations for administration and usually parenteral routes are the only option. To avoid these limitations, different colloidal carriers (e.g. liposomes, micelles, microemulsions and dendrimers) have been proposed to improve biopharmaceuticals delivery. Liposomes are promising drug delivery systems, despite some limitations have been reported (e.g. in vivo failure, poor long-term stability and low transfection efficiency), and only a limited number of formulations have reached the market. Micelles and microemulsions require more studies to exclude some of the observed drawbacks and guarantee their potential for use in clinic. According to their peculiar structures, dendrimers have been showing good results for nucleic acids delivery and a great development of these systems during next years is expected. This is the Part II of two review articles, which provides the state of the art of biopharmaceuticals delivery systems. Part II deals with liposomes, micelles, microemulsions and dendrimers.

Signs of revision in Don Quixote, Part II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonzalo Pontón

2016-11-01

Full Text Available This article provides new evidences in favour of the hypothesis that Cervantes, after finishing Don Quixote, Part II, partially revised the original, introducing some significant changes and additions, mainly in the last chapters. The analysis of some narrative inconsistencies, that cannot be interpreted as mere mistakes but as significant textual traces, reveals a process of re-elaboration –a process that affects at least four sections of the novel. Most of the evidence gathered here suggests that this revision is closely linked to Avellaneda’s continuation, in the sense that Cervantes tried to challenge the apocriphal Quixote making last-time interventions in his own text.

Tempo resposta de um serviço de atendimento móvel de urgência

OpenAIRE

Rosane Mortari Ciconet

2015-01-01

O tempo resposta é um indicador usado para avaliação da qualidade de serviços de atendimento pré-hospitalar (APH). Consiste no intervalo de tempo entre a expressão do pedido de socorro até a chegada da equipe à cena do evento. Assim, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar o tempo resposta de um SAMU, referente aos chamados para atendimentos clínicos e traumáticos demandados à Central de Regulação de Urgências. Os agravos clínicos foram compostos pelas síndromes neurológicas, cardiovasculares e res...

Nursing as concrete philosophy, Part II: Engaging with reality.

Science.gov (United States)

Theodoridis, Kyriakos

2018-04-01

This is the second paper of an essay in two parts. The first paper (Part I) is a critical discussion of Mark Risjord's conception of nursing knowledge where I argued against the conception of nursing knowledge as a kind of nursing science. The aim of the present paper (Part II) is to explicate and substantiate the thesis of nursing as a kind of concrete philosophy. My strategy is to elaborate upon certain themes from Wittgenstein's Tractatus in order to canvass a general scheme of philosophy based on a distinction between reality and the world. This distinction will be employed in the appropriation of certain significant features of nursing and nursing knowledge. By elaborating on the contrast between the abstract and the concrete, I will suggest that nursing may be seen as a kind of concrete philosophy, being primarily concerned with reality (and secondarily with the world). This thesis, I will argue, implies that philosophy is the kind of theory that is essential to nursing (which is not so much a theory than a certain kind of activity). © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Predictive rhythmic tapping to isochronous and tempo changing metronomes in the nonhuman primate.

Science.gov (United States)

Gámez, Jorge; Yc, Karyna; Ayala, Yaneri A; Dotov, Dobromir; Prado, Luis; Merchant, Hugo

2018-04-30

Beat entrainment is the ability to entrain one's movements to a perceived periodic stimulus, such as a metronome or a pulse in music. Humans have a capacity to predictively respond to a periodic pulse and to dynamically adjust their movement timing to match the varying music tempos. Previous studies have shown that monkeys share some of the human capabilities for rhythmic entrainment, such as tapping regularly at the period of isochronous stimuli. However, it is still unknown whether monkeys can predictively entrain to dynamic tempo changes like humans. To address this question, we trained monkeys in three tapping tasks and compared their rhythmic entrainment abilities with those of humans. We found that, when immediate feedback about the timing of each movement is provided, monkeys can predictively entrain to an isochronous beat, generating tapping movements in anticipation of the metronome pulse. This ability also generalized to a novel untrained tempo. Notably, macaques can modify their tapping tempo by predicting the beat changes of accelerating and decelerating visual metronomes in a manner similar to humans. Our findings support the notion that nonhuman primates share with humans the ability of temporal anticipation during tapping to isochronous and smoothly changing sequences of stimuli. © 2018 New York Academy of Sciences.

Impedance-Source Networks for Electric Power Conversion Part II

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Siwakoti, Yam P.; Peng, Fang Zheng; Blaabjerg, Frede

2015-01-01

Impedance-source networks cover the entire spectrum of electric power conversion applications (dc-dc, dc-ac, ac-dc, ac-ac) controlled and modulated by different modulation strategies to generate the desired dc or ac voltage and current at the output. A comprehensive review of various impedance......-source-network-based power converters has been covered in a previous paper and main topologies were discussed from an application point of view. Now Part II provides a comprehensive review of the most popular control and modulation strategies for impedance-source network-based power converters/inverters. These methods...

Transparent bionanocomposite films based on chitosan and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Soni, Bhawna; Hassan, El Barbary; Schilling, M Wes; Mahmoud, Barakat

2016-10-20

The development of biobased active films for use in food packaging is increasing due to low cost, environmental appeal, renewability and availability. The objective of this research was to develop an effective and complete green approach for the production of bionanocomposite films with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties. This was accomplished by incorporating TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical) into a chitosan matrix. An aqueous suspension of chitosan (100-75wt%), sorbitol (25wt%) and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TEMPO-CNFs, 0-25wt%) were cast in an oven at 40°C for 2-4days. Films were preconditioned at 25°C and 50% RH for characterization. The surface morphology of the films was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thermal properties and crystal structure of the films were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Incorporation of TEMPO-CNFs enhanced the mechanical strength of the films due to the high aspect ratio (3-20nm width, and 10-100nm length) of TEMPO-CNFs and strong interactions with the chitosan matrix. Oxygen and water vapor transmission rates for films that are prepared with chitosan and TEMPO-CNFs (15-25wt%) were significantly reduced. Furthermore, these bionanocomposite films had good thermal stability. Use of TEMPO-CNFs in this method makes it possible to produce bionanocomposite films that are flexible, transparent, and thus have potential in food packaging applications. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Quantifying TEMPO Redox Polymer Charge Transport toward the Organic Radical Battery.

Science.gov (United States)

Karlsson, Christoffer; Suga, Takeo; Nishide, Hiroyuki

2017-03-29

To design new and better organic active battery materials in a rational fashion, fundamental parameters of the charge transport must be studied. Herein we report on the electronic conductivity by electron diffusion in a TEMPO-containing redox polymer, and the reorganization energy of the TEMPO self-exchange in an organic solvent is determined for the first time. The electronic conductivity was 8.5 μS/cm at E 0 and corresponded to a redox hopping mechanism. The apparent electron diffusion coefficient was 1.9 × 10 -9 cm 2 /s at room temperature, and at short times the ion diffusion was limiting with a diffusion coefficient of 6.5 × 10 -10 cm 2 /s. The reorganization energy was determined to be 1.01 eV, indicating a rather polar chemical environment for the TEMPO groups. The implications for the usage of this type of materials in organic energy storage are discussed. As conductivity through 10 μm was demonstrated, we show that, if sufficient swellability can be ensured, charge can be transported through several micrometer thick layers in a battery electrode without any conducting additive.

Pengembangan alat tempo trainer untuk membantu efisiensi gerakan lengan gaya bebas cabang olahraga renang

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bahtiyar Heru Susanto

2017-09-01

This research aimed to develop the tools of Tempo Trainer to help efficiency of arm freestyle movement on the branch of swimming. Small-scale trials were conducted on four coaches and 10 athletes in the swimming association Tirta Alvita and Yuso. Large-scale trial was conducted on 10 coaches and 25 athletes in the swimming association Tirta Alvita, Yuso, Dolphin, Caesar, and Arowana. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire based on the analysis PIECES (Performance, Information, Economic, Control, Efficiency, Services. The assessment result of experts, coaches, and athletes toward Tempo Trainer tool shows that the assessment categoryis good, valid and reliable. Based of the resultsthat Tempo Trainer tool developed can count the number of cycles of freestyle movement, a sound that can be heard by coaches and athletes, can be used for more than one athlete, as well as it is more affordable. The coaches assessment shows valid results with every indicator PIECES obtain value rxy > r table = 0.632, with reliable results rxy = 0.908. The assessment of Tempo Trainer draft tool by athletes is good and valid with the result of the rxy > r table = 0.750.

Diálogos acerca da concepção de tempo homogêneo e heterogêneo em Einstein e Bergson

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lara Emanuele da Luz

2017-03-01

Full Text Available O problema sobre o tempo é um tema complexo e bastante estudado tanto no âmbito científico como na tradição filosófica. Henri Bergson, utilizando-se do tempo proposto por Albert Einstein, traça diferenças entre o tempo heterogêneo, ou cronológico, e o tempo homogêneo, ou durée, sendo este segundo, o menos estudado pelo físico. Foi a partir da duração que o filósofo propõe-se a mostrar como se dá a concepção do tempo durée e como esta forma responde a um questionamento einsteiniano. O presente artigo pretende estabelecer um diálogo entre a concepção de tempo de ambos autores, ressaltando a novidade da duração bergsoniana.

The "Pseudocommando" mass murderer: part II, the language of revenge.

Science.gov (United States)

Knoll, James L

2010-01-01

In Part I of this article, research on pseudocommandos was reviewed, and the important role that revenge fantasies play in motivating such persons to commit mass murder-suicide was discussed. Before carrying out their mass shootings, pseudocommandos may communicate some final message to the public or news media. These communications are rich sources of data about their motives and psychopathology. In Part II of this article, forensic psycholinguistic analysis is applied to clarify the primary motivations, detect the presence of mental illness, and discern important individual differences in the final communications of two recent pseudocommandos: Seung-Hui Cho (Virginia Tech) and Jiverly Wong (Binghamton, NY). Although both men committed offenses that qualify them as pseudocommandos, their final communications reveal striking differences in their psychopathology.

Quality management of cut carnation 'Tempo' with 1- MCP

African Journals Online (AJOL)

STORAGESEVER

2009-10-19

Oct 19, 2009 ... carnation 'Tempo' which is an ethylene-sensitive flower, were evaluated. The effects of 1-MCP .... rolling of the petals. Water uptake rate (ml g-1 .... The studies of Chamani (2006) on Rosa 'First red' cut flowers revealed that ...

CE and nanomaterials - Part II: Nanomaterials in CE.

Science.gov (United States)

Adam, Vojtech; Vaculovicova, Marketa

2017-10-01

The scope of this two-part review is to summarize publications dealing with CE and nanomaterials together. This topic can be viewed from two broad perspectives, and this article is trying to highlight these two approaches: (i) CE of nanomaterials, and (ii) nanomaterials in CE. The second part aims at summarization of publications dealing with application of nanomaterials for enhancement of CE performance either in terms of increasing the separation resolution or for improvement of the detection. To increase the resolution, nanomaterials are employed as either surface modification of the capillary wall forming open tubular column or as additives to the separation electrolyte resulting in a pseudostationary phase. Moreover, nanomaterials have proven to be very beneficial for increasing also the sensitivity of detection employed in CE or even they enable the detection (e.g., fluorescent tags of nonfluorescent molecules). © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Experiência subjetiva do tempo e sua influência no comportamento: revisão e modelos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Vásquez Echeverría

Full Text Available Pesquisadores têm tentado explicar, desde o início da psicologia, a experiência temporal das pessoas e sua influência nas cognições, emoções e comportamentos. Trata-se de uma das dimensões mais complexas e influentes da psique, que tem sido abordada a partir de concepções diferentes e sem uma estrutura consensual. Este artigo tem o objetivo de contribuir na sistematização da psicologia do tempo, ampliando um modelo de quatro níveis, aprofundando na percepção do tempo vital ou tempo III. Trabalhos incluídos foram selecionados segundo a sua importância na historia da psicologia ou índice de citação. Sugere-se um modelo explicativo do Tempo III, que inclui discussão e debate e visa integrar os diferentes modelos existentes na literatura.

O Espaço-tempo Subjetivo do Indivíduo (ETSI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Celson D. Pereira

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Graças a seu Sistema Nervoso Central – SNC, um indivíduo se percebe no espaço e no tempo de seu ambiente. Mas, através de seus sentidos suas percepções são subjetivas. Por outro lado, sua mente é influenciada por agentes físicos e substâncias químicas que venha a ingerir. Estas constatações banais, do cotidiano, devem ser levadas em conta quando se empreende a elaboração de uma teoria relativa à mente. Os contextos em que se insere uma teoria dessa natureza envolvem antigas questões, ainda abertas, fazendo parte do denominado “Problema do Conhecimento”. Apresento um pequeno percurso histórico das reflexões de teóricos de diferentes especialidades sobre aquele problema. Proponho que hoje, participando daquele percurso, uma estrutura conceitual pode ser concebida, conjugando o indivíduo se percebendo em três instâncias: o ambiente físico, o ambiente sociocultural e seu próprio corpo, constituindo assim, suas características mentais, sua memória e sua história de vida. Trata-se de um super-espaço, que, independentemente, de ser, objetivamente, imaginável, ou não, referese a algo que existe. Tenho denominado esta estrutura por (ETSI. Como emergente do SNC ela pode ser estudada em contextos de investigações da neurociência contemporânea. Deste empreendimento, proponho que se podem originar bases científicas para psicologia.Palavras-chave: Interior do indivíduo; Neurociência; Complexidade; Espaço-tempo Subjetivo; Consciência.

40 CFR Appendix III to Part 266 - Tier II Emission Rate Screening Limits for Free Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 26 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Tier II Emission Rate Screening Limits for Free Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride III Appendix III to Part 266 Protection of Environment... to Part 266—Tier II Emission Rate Screening Limits for Free Chlorine and Hydrogen Chloride Terrain...

Revealing spatio-spectral electroencephalographic dynamics of musical mode and tempo perception by independent component analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Yuan-Pin; Duann, Jeng-Ren; Feng, Wenfeng; Chen, Jyh-Horng; Jung, Tzyy-Ping

2014-02-28

Music conveys emotion by manipulating musical structures, particularly musical mode- and tempo-impact. The neural correlates of musical mode and tempo perception revealed by electroencephalography (EEG) have not been adequately addressed in the literature. This study used independent component analysis (ICA) to systematically assess spatio-spectral EEG dynamics associated with the changes of musical mode and tempo. Empirical results showed that music with major mode augmented delta-band activity over the right sensorimotor cortex, suppressed theta activity over the superior parietal cortex, and moderately suppressed beta activity over the medial frontal cortex, compared to minor-mode music, whereas fast-tempo music engaged significant alpha suppression over the right sensorimotor cortex. The resultant EEG brain sources were comparable with previous studies obtained by other neuroimaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). In conjunction with advanced dry and mobile EEG technology, the EEG results might facilitate the translation from laboratory-oriented research to real-life applications for music therapy, training and entertainment in naturalistic environments.

Emotional and psychophysiological responses to tempo, mode, and percussiveness

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Zwaag, Marjolein; Westerink, Joyce H.D.M.; van den Broek, Egon

People often listen to music to influence their emotional state. However, the specific musical characteristics which cause this process are not yet fully understood. We have investigated the influence of the musical characteristics of tempo, mode and percussiveness on our emotions. In a quest

The year 2013 in the European Heart Journal--Cardiovascular Imaging: Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Plein, Sven; Edvardsen, Thor; Pierard, Luc A; Saraste, Antti; Knuuti, Juhani; Maurer, Gerald; Lancellotti, Patrizio

2014-08-01

The new multi-modality cardiovascular imaging journal, European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, was created in 2012. Here we summarize the most important studies from the journal's second year in two articles. Part I of the review has summarized studies in myocardial function, myocardial ischaemia, and emerging techniques in cardiovascular imaging. Part II is focussed on valvular heart diseases, heart failure, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart diseases. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2014. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Os Usos do Tempo Livre entre Jovens de Classes Populares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manoela Pagotto Martins Nodari

Full Text Available RESUMO O presente estudo, de caráter quantitativo, pretendeu investigar aspectos relacionados ao tempo livre de jovens de classes populares. Participaram da pesquisa 291 jovens (53,3% meninas, de 15 a 19 anos (M = 16,3; DP = 1,09, estudantes de ensino médio em escolas públicas da Grande Vitória, ES. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário e analisados através do software SPSS. Os resultados apontaram, principalmente, para os diferentes fatores envolvidos nas formas de apropriação do tempo livre entre esses jovens, não relacionados estritamente à renda, mas também a aspectos como gênero, meio em que vivem, estilos de vida e grupos de que participam.

Subseabed disposal program annual report, January-December 1979. Volume II. Appendices (principal investigator progress reports). Part 1 of 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Talbert, D.M.

1981-04-01

Volume II of the sixth annual report describing the progress and evaluating the status of the Subseabed Disposal Program contains the appendices referred to in Volume I, Summary and Status. Because of the length of Volume II, it has been split into two parts for publication purposes. Part 1 contains Appendices A-O; Part 2 contains Appendices P-FF. Separate abstracts have been prepared of each Appendix for inclusion in the Energy Data Base

Does Listening to Slow Tempo Classical Music During Independent Writing Affect Children's On-Task Performance?

Science.gov (United States)

McKnight, Rosemary

This project explored the effects of slow tempo classical music on children's on-task performance during independent writing. The project sample consisted of 24 students from a first grade classroom in the New York City Public School System. The students' on-task behavior was observed with and without use of slow tempo classical music playing, and…

One-Step Cationic Grafting of 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO and its Application in a Hybrid Redox Flow Battery with a Crosslinked PBI Membrane.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Zhenjun; Henkensmeier, Dirk; Chen, Ruiyong

2017-08-24

By using a one-step epoxide ring-opening reaction between 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (4-hydroxy-TEMPO) and glycidyltrimethylammonium cation (GTMA + ), we synthesized a cation-grafted TEMPO (g + -TEMPO) and studied its electrochemical performance against a Zn 2+ /Zn anode in a hybrid redox flow battery. To conduct Cl - counter anions, a crosslinked methylated polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane was prepared and placed between the catholyte and anolyte. Compared to 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, the positively charged g + - TEMPO exhibits enhanced reaction kinetics. Moreover, flow battery tests with g + -TEMPO show improved Coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiencies and cycling stability over 140 cycles. Crossover of active species through the membrane was not detected. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Monitoração de tráfego par-a-par em tempo real

OpenAIRE

Tiago Alves Macambira

2005-01-01

O tráfego devido a aplicações P2P tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos e, apesar de ser hoje o responsável pela maior parte de todo o tráfego da Internet, não existem muitas ferramentas que auxiliem na monitoração e portanto no entendimento desse tráfego, tanto sob um ponto de vista acadêmico como sob um ponto de vista prático. Nesse trabalho abordamos as dificuldades em se construir umasolução que viabilize a análise e a caracterização de tráfego de aplicações em tempo real, tend...

Effects of Modeling and Tempo Patterns as Practice Techniques on the Performance of High School Instrumentalists.

Science.gov (United States)

Henley, Paul T.

2001-01-01

Examines the effect of modeling conditions and tempo patterns on high school instrumentalists' performance. Focuses on high school students (n=60) who play wind instruments. Reports that the with-model condition was superior in rhythm and tempo percentage gain when compared to the no-model condition. Includes references. (CMK)

Predictive and tempo-flexible synchronization to a visual metronome in monkeys.

Science.gov (United States)

Takeya, Ryuji; Kameda, Masashi; Patel, Aniruddh D; Tanaka, Masaki

2017-07-21

Predictive and tempo-flexible synchronization to an auditory beat is a fundamental component of human music. To date, only certain vocal learning species show this behaviour spontaneously. Prior research training macaques (vocal non-learners) to tap to an auditory or visual metronome found their movements to be largely reactive, not predictive. Does this reflect the lack of capacity for predictive synchronization in monkeys, or lack of motivation to exhibit this behaviour? To discriminate these possibilities, we trained monkeys to make synchronized eye movements to a visual metronome. We found that monkeys could generate predictive saccades synchronized to periodic visual stimuli when an immediate reward was given for every predictive movement. This behaviour generalized to novel tempi, and the monkeys could maintain the tempo internally. Furthermore, monkeys could flexibly switch from predictive to reactive saccades when a reward was given for each reactive response. In contrast, when humans were asked to make a sequence of reactive saccades to a visual metronome, they often unintentionally generated predictive movements. These results suggest that even vocal non-learners may have the capacity for predictive and tempo-flexible synchronization to a beat, but that only certain vocal learning species are intrinsically motivated to do it.

Manipulating Greek musical modes and tempo affects perceived musical emotion in musicians and nonmusicians

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Ramos

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The combined influence of tempo and mode on emotional responses to music was studied by crossing 7 changes in mode with 3 changes in tempo. Twenty-four musicians aged 19 to 25 years (12 males and 12 females and 24 nonmusicians aged 17 to 25 years (12 males and 12 females were required to perform two tasks: 1 listening to different musical excerpts, and 2 associating an emotion to them such as happiness, serenity, fear, anger, or sadness. ANOVA showed that increasing the tempo strongly affected the arousal (F(2,116 = 268.62, mean square error (MSE = 0.6676, P < 0.001 and, to a lesser extent, the valence of emotional responses (F(6,348 = 8.71, MSE = 0.6196, P < 0.001. Changes in modes modulated the affective valence of the perceived emotions (F(6,348 = 4.24, MSE = 0.6764, P < 0.001. Some interactive effects were found between tempo and mode (F (1,58 = 115.6, MSE = 0.6428, P < 0.001, but, in most cases, the two parameters had additive effects. This finding demonstrates that small changes in the pitch structures of modes modulate the emotions associated with the pieces, confirming the cognitive foundation of emotional responses to music.

Bloqueio do nervo supraescapular: procedimento importante na prática clínica. Parte II Suprascapular nerve block: important procedure in clinical practice. Part II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Rassi Fernandes

2012-08-01

Full Text Available O bloqueio do nervo supraescapular é um método de tratamento reprodutível, confiável e extremamente efetivo no controle da dor no ombro. Esse método tem sido amplamente utilizado por profissionais na prática clínica, como reumatologistas, ortopedistas, neurologistas e especialistas em dor, na terapêutica de enfermidades crônicas, como lesão irreparável do manguito rotador, artrite reumatoide, sequelas de AVC e capsulite adesiva, o que justifica a presente revisão (Parte II. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as técnicas do procedimento e suas complicações descritas na literatura, já que a primeira parte reportou as indicações clínicas, drogas e volumes utilizados em aplicação única ou múltipla. Apresentamse, detalhadamente, os acessos para a realização do procedimento tanto direto como indireto, anterior e posterior, lateral e medial, e superior e inferior. Diversas são as opções para se realizar o bloqueio do nervo supraescapular. Apesar de raras, as complicações podem ocorrer. Quando bem indicado, este método deve ser considerado.The suprascapular nerve block is a reproducible, reliable, and extremely effective treatment method in shoulder pain control. This method has been widely used by professionals in clinical practice such as rheumatologists, orthopedists, neurologists, and pain specialists in the treatment of chronic diseases such as irreparable rotator cuff injury, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke sequelae, and adhesive capsulitis, which justifies the present review (Part II. The objective of this study was to describe the techniques and complications of the procedure described in the literature, as the first part reported the clinical indications, drugs, and volumes used in single or multiple procedures. We present in details the accesses used in the procedure: direct and indirect, anterior and posterior, lateral and medial, upper and lower. There are several options to perform suprascapular nerve block

Effects of Tempo and Performing Medium on Children's Music Preference.

Science.gov (United States)

LeBlanc, Albert; Cote, Richard

1983-01-01

This study measured the effect of three levels of tempo and two levels of performing medium, vocal and instrumental, on the expressed preference of fifth- and sixth-grade students for traditional jazz music listening examples. (Author/SR)

A leitura literária na educação infantil: que espaços e tempos são estes?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thamirys Frigo Furtado

2017-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-4512.2017v19n35p133 Quando pensamos na formação de crianças-leitoras, é essencial refletirmos sobre espaço e tempo disponível para as ações pedagógicas que envolvem a leitura e a literatura. Sendo assim, este artigo apresenta discussões parciais realizadas em pesquisa de mestrado desenvolvida no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC, com o objetivo de mapear os espaços e tempos coletivos de leitura literária nas instituições de Educação Infantil da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Florianópolis (SC. A análise de dados nos levou a constatar que a maior parte das unidades possuem diferentes tempos e espaços coletivos de leitura literária, organizados e planejados pelos próprios professores(as e demais funcionários da instituição, considerando que não existe biblioteca em todas as instituições. Com isso, concluímos que há profissionais preocupados em aproximar as crianças da cultura letrada, participando ativamente da formação dos pequenos leitores, inventando e reinventando novas possibilidades a cada dia.

Redução do tempo de hospitalização após cirurgia torácica de grande porte: identificação de factores determinantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nuno Fevereiro Ferreira de Lima

2003-05-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: Os custos do internamento hospitalar têm relação directa com o tempo de permanência do paciente operado. Por outro lado, um menor tempo de internação permite aumentar a produtividade nos hospitais públicos com demanda reprimida. O objectivo deste estudo foi identificar factores determinantes da redução do tempo de internamento pós-cirurgia torácica de grande porte. O estudo retrospectivo por análise de prontuários foi dividido em duas fases. Na fase I levantou-se uma série consecutiva de 169 pacientes divididos em grupo I (n=81 – operados no período de Junho de 1990 a 1995, e grupo II (n=88 – 1996 a Maio de 2000, para verificação do tempo de internamento e factores relacionados. Na fase II levantou-se uma série consecutiva de 20 pacientes (grupo III rectroagindo a partir de Março de 2002, para análise e comparação com um pequeno inquérito enviado pela internet para 21 cirurgiões torácicos. Na análise dos resultados observou-se que a quase totalidade dos pacientes prescindiu de UTI no pós-operatório imediato. O tempo de internamento médio caiu de 7,6 dias (mediana 7 no grupo I para 5,1 dias (mediana 4 no grupo II (p<0,001. A utilização mais frequente da analgesia epidural e o uso de vias de acesso menos traumáticas no grupo II alcançou significado estatístico (p<0,001. No grupo III o tempo de internamento médio foi de 4,2 dias (mediana 4, com uso mais efectivo da analgesia epidural (75% e emprego da toracotomia vertical (90%. Oito cirurgiões torácicos responderam ao inquérito: o tempo médio de internamento informado variou de 5 a 9 dias, todos os pacientes foram enviados para a UTI ou similar, e apenas dois cirurgiões usam rotina toracotomia com preservação muscular. Este estudo confirma que o controlo da dor e o menor trauma da via de acesso são factores importantes para a mais rápida recupera

Effects of tempo and timing of simple musical rhythms

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Repp, B.H.; Windsor, W.L.; Desain, P.W.M.

2002-01-01

In this study we investigated whether and how the timing of musical rhythms changes with tempo. Twelve skilled pianists played a monophonic 8-bar melody in 21 different rhythmic versions at 4 different tempi. Within bars, the rhythms represented all possible ordered pairs and triplets of note values

Oxidation of cashew tree gum exudate polysaccharide with TEMPO reagent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cunha, Pablyana L.R.; Maciel, Jeanny S.; Paula, Regina C.M. de; Feitosa, Judith P.A.; Sierakowski, Maria Rita

2007-01-01

Cashew gum (CG), an exudate polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale trees, was oxidized with TEMPO reagent and the product (CGOX) characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and NMR), chromatographic analyses (HPLC and GPC), viscosity measurements and thermal analysis (TGA). The yield of the reaction product was 96%. The uronic acid content in starting gum (7.2 m%) was increased to 36 m%. The degree of oxidation based on free galactose and glucose units was 68%. NMR data show that oxidation occurred preferentially at primary carbons of galactose units. High degradation degree after oxidation was estimated by the difference on the expected and observed η CGOX /η CG ratio. The presence of organic and inorganic impurities in the new polyelectrolyte was detected by TGA. A less thermally stable cashew gum is formed after the oxidation with TEMPO based on initial decomposition temperature and IPDT. (author)

Conscientiousness and Extraversion relate to responsiveness to tempo in dance.

Science.gov (United States)

Carlson, Emily; Burger, Birgitta; London, Justin; Thompson, Marc R; Toiviainen, Petri

2016-10-01

Previous research has shown broad relationships between personality and dance, but the relationship between personality and specific structural features of music has not been explored. The current study explores the influence of personality and trait empathy on dancers' responsiveness to small tempo differences between otherwise musically identical stimuli, measured by difference in the amount in acceleration of key joints. Thirty participants were recorded using motion capture while dancing to excerpts from six popular songs that were time-stretched to be slightly faster or slower than their original tempi. Analysis revealed that higher conscientiousness and lower extraversion both correlated with greater responsiveness to tempo change. Partial correlation analysis revealed that conscientiousness remained significantly correlated with responsiveness when extraversion was controlled, but not vice versa. No effect of empathy was found. Implications are discussed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of Music Tempo on Attentional Focus and Perceived Exertion during Self-selected Paced Walking.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Aldo Coelho; Dos Santos Ferreira, Sandro; Alves, Ragami Chaves; Follador, Lucio; DA Silva, Sergio Gregorio

2016-01-01

This study investigated the influence of music on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and attentional focus during walking at a self-selected pace. Fifteen overweight and obese women volunteered to participate in the study. They underwent four sessions: the first for incremental maximal test and anthropometric measurement followed by three experimental sessions. After the first session, they were exposed to three 30-minute walking sessions at a self-selected pace in a counterbalanced order: fast-tempo music (FT), medium-tempo music (MT) and no-music control (NM). Borg's RPE Scale and an Attentional Focus Questionnaire were used to measure the perceptual response and attentional focus, respectively. Results showed that the RPE was higher in the no-music control than in the medium-tempo music (12.05 ± 0.6 vs. 10.5 ± 0.5). Furthermore, dissociative attentional focus was greater for both conditions with music in comparison with the no-music control (NM= 39.0 ± 4.1; MT= 48.4 ± 4.1 and FT= 47.9 ± 4.5). The results indicated that the use of music during walking can modulate attentional focus, increasing dissociative thought, and medium-tempo music can reduce the RPE.

Three Mile Island: a report to the commissioners and to the public. Volume II, Part 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-01-01

This is the third and final part of the second volume of a study of the Three Mile Island accident. Part 3 of Volume II contains descriptions and assessments of responses to the accident by the utility and by the NRC and other government agencies

Gli incerti confini del cosmo dai buchi neri alle macchine del tempo

CERN Document Server

De Felice, Fernando

2000-01-01

Il libro mostra come la gravitazione abbia un ruolo determinante nei fenomeni cosmici che più ci impressionano, da quelli relativamente vicini alla nostra esperienza (come la formazione delle stelle) a quelli meno intuibili (come la formazione dei buchi neri), alla struttura dell'Universo nel suo insieme. Oltre a spiegare, in modo qualitativo, concetti come la geometria dello spazio-tempo, la relatività del tempo e i coni di luce, l'autore formula un'ipotesi innovativa tendente a spiegare l'origine della gravitazione e con essa quella dei fenomeni circondati ancora da un alone di mistero: la materia oscura dell'Universo e il destino della materia alla fine del collasso gravitazionale.

Cadernos encadeados: uma descrição sobre o encadeamento do tempo em uma turma alfabetizadora

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flávia Anastácio de Paula

Full Text Available Nas últimas duas décadas tem se discutido sobre as tematizações, as normatizações e as concretizações do tema alfabetização na escola. Entretanto, poucos são os trabalhos que se dedicam às concretizações do uso do tempo escolar para mediações alfabetizadoras que levem ao sucesso. Este artigo apresenta um dos modos de como se produzem usos do tempo por uma alfabetizadora experiente. Partindo de uma proposta metodológica etnográfica, escolhemos um elemento para descrição e compreensão: os cadernos. A problemática exemplifica um dos desafios na pesquisa em alfabetização: documentar práticas, artefatos, usos atuais (ou não significativos para as professoras no aprendizado da leitura e da escrita. A especificidade da análise adota algumas das dimensões de tempo elaboradas por Heller e recai sobre um aspecto da temporalidade: o encadeamento. Objetiva-se descrever e refletir sobre como professoras experientes organizam o tempo para ensinar.

Numerical Simulation of Projectile Impact on Mild Steel Armour Platesusing LS-DYNA, Part II: Parametric Studies

OpenAIRE

M. Raguraman; A. Deb; N. K. Gupta; D. K. Kharat

2008-01-01

In Part I of the current two-part series, a comprehensive simulation-based study of impact of jacketed projectiles on mild steel armour plates has been presented. Using the modelling procedures developed in Part I, a number of parametric studies have been carried out for the same mild steel plates considered in Part I and reported here in Part II. The current investigation includes determination of ballistic limits of a given target plate for different projectile diameters and impact velociti...

PIC Simulations in Low Energy Part of PIP-II Proton Linac

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romanov, Gennady

2014-07-01

The front end of PIP-II linac is composed of a 30 keV ion source, low energy beam transport line (LEBT), 2.1 MeV radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), and medium energy beam transport line (MEBT). This configuration is currently being assembled at Fermilab to support a complete systems test. The front end represents the primary technical risk with PIP-II, and so this step will validate the concept and demonstrate that the hardware can meet the specified requirements. SC accelerating cavities right after MEBT require high quality and well defined beam after RFQ to avoid excessive particle losses. In this paper we will present recent progress of beam dynamic study, using CST PIC simulation code, to investigate partial neutralization effect in LEBT, halo and tail formation in RFQ, total emittance growth and beam losses along low energy part of the linac.

Scope and limitations of the TEMPO/EPR method for singlet oxygen detection: the misleading role of electron transfer.

Science.gov (United States)

Nardi, Giacomo; Manet, Ilse; Monti, Sandra; Miranda, Miguel A; Lhiaubet-Vallet, Virginie

2014-12-01

For many biological and biomedical studies, it is essential to detect the production of (1)O2 and quantify its production yield. Among the available methods, detection of the characteristic 1270-nm phosphorescence of singlet oxygen by time-resolved near-infrared (TRNIR) emission constitutes the most direct and unambiguous approach. An alternative indirect method is electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in combination with a singlet oxygen probe. This is based on the detection of the TEMPO free radical formed after oxidation of TEMP (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine) by singlet oxygen. Although the TEMPO/EPR method has been widely employed, it can produce misleading data. This is demonstrated by the present study, in which the quantum yields of singlet oxygen formation obtained by TRNIR emission and by the TEMPO/EPR method are compared for a set of well-known photosensitizers. The results reveal that the TEMPO/EPR method leads to significant overestimation of singlet oxygen yield when the singlet or triplet excited state of the photosensitizer is efficiently quenched by TEMP, acting as electron donor. In such case, generation of the TEMP(+) radical cation, followed by deprotonation and reaction with molecular oxygen, gives rise to an EPR-detectable TEMPO signal that is not associated with singlet oxygen production. This knowledge is essential for an appropriate and error-free application of the TEMPO/EPR method in chemical, biological, and medical studies. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Music tempo estimation in dancing robot%舞蹈机器人中音乐节拍的识别

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

何晓亮

2013-01-01

音乐节拍是音乐的重要特征之一,对音乐节拍的提取是音乐识别的重要研究内容.小波变换方法可以实现对音乐节拍特征进行有效的提取与识别.文中对音乐节拍的分析采用双尺度小波变换(DWT)方法,即离散小波变换,提取音乐信号的自相关包络,对自相关包络信息进行分析,从而实现对音乐节拍信息的识别.实验证明,文中提出的方法可以有效地对音乐信号的节拍信息进行识别.%Music tempo is an important feature of music, Extraction of the tempo of music is an important research in music recognition. Wavelet transform can characteristics of music tempo extraction and identification effective. This paper analyzes the music tempo by two-scale wavelet transform (DWT) method, that is discrete wavelet transform. Extracted from the music signal, the autocorrelation envelope of music is analyzed in order to estimat the music tempo information. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively estimat music tempo information.

Oxidation of cashew tree gum exudate polysaccharide with TEMPO reagent

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cunha, Pablyana L.R.; Maciel, Jeanny S.; Paula, Regina C.M. de; Feitosa, Judith P.A. [Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica Organica e Inorganica; Sierakowski, Maria Rita [Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica]. E-mail: judith@dqoi.ufc.br

2007-07-01

Cashew gum (CG), an exudate polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale trees, was oxidized with TEMPO reagent and the product (CGOX) characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FTIR and NMR), chromatographic analyses (HPLC and GPC), viscosity measurements and thermal analysis (TGA). The yield of the reaction product was 96%. The uronic acid content in starting gum (7.2 m%) was increased to 36 m%. The degree of oxidation based on free galactose and glucose units was 68%. NMR data show that oxidation occurred preferentially at primary carbons of galactose units. High degradation degree after oxidation was estimated by the difference on the expected and observed {eta}{sub CGOX}/{eta}{sub CG} ratio. The presence of organic and inorganic impurities in the new polyelectrolyte was detected by TGA. A less thermally stable cashew gum is formed after the oxidation with TEMPO based on initial decomposition temperature and IPDT. (author)

CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE LAZER, TRABALHO E TEMPO LIVRE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz César Teixeira dos Santos

2008-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o lazer a partir dos conceitos de trabalho e tempo livre. O tema é abordado com base em estudos recentes que tratam os assuntos relacionados ao lazer em uma perspectiva que sugere, mediante o crescente nível do desemprego em escala global, um aumento significativo do tempo livre do trabalhador. Rifkin (1995, ao tratar da questão do fim do emprego, aponta para um cenário onde milhares de trabalhadores se colocam favoráveis a uma maior disponibilidade para a família e o lazer, ainda que isso signifique uma redução dos níveis de renda. O mesmo autor, no entanto, descortina um sério problema para as futuras gerações, uma vez que, com o declínio das ofertas de emprego, um número maior de homens, sem trabalho (e em conseqüência disso, sem condições materiais tendem a uma situação de miserabilidade, onde a própria condição para o lazer se vê comprometida. Dessa forma, verifica-se que há uma potencialização para a prática do lazer que nem sempre se concretiza, pois as possibilidades para sua efetiva realização não se expandem em proporções similares ao aumento do tempo livre. A temática do lazer se insere ainda em um contexto onde o apelo ao consumo se tornou o principal protagonista da história do mundo contemporâneo. Por isso, o próprio lazer passou a ser visto como uma mercadoria em potencial e, enquanto tal, sujeito às frias e duras regras do mercado.

Spontaneous movement tempo is influenced by observation of rhythmical actions.

Science.gov (United States)

Bove, Marco; Tacchino, Andrea; Pelosin, Elisa; Moisello, Clara; Abbruzzese, Giovanni; Ghilardi, M Felice

2009-09-28

Observation of people performing movements facilitates motor planning, execution and memory formation. Tempo, a crucial aspect involved in the execution of rhythmic movements, is normally perceived and learned through auditory channels. In this work, we ascertained whether: first, the frequency of self-paced finger movements (SPMs), which in normal subjects is around 2 Hz, is modified by prior observation of movements performed at either 1 or 3 Hz; second, such changes are lasting; third, there is an effect of time interval between observation and performance. We finally determined the effect of providing explicit information about the upcoming motor task. Seventy-two normal subjects (12 groups) performed a simple finger sequence at different intervals after observation of videos of either landscapes or finger opposition movements. Both with and without information about the upcoming task, observation influenced the tempo of SPMs and led to memory formation. With knowledge of the upcoming task, such changes occurred at all observation-execution intervals, while without instructions, changes took place only when SPMs were performed immediately after observation. Compared to explicit instructions, the absence of instructions produced tempo's changes that more closely resembled the observed rhythms. We conclude that learning requires a prompt comparison between visual and sensorimotor representations of movements; moreover, learning with explicit instructions is more efficient, as activity in both the dorsal and ventral streams might be potentiated by the chatecholaminergic attentional systems that promote long-term potentiation. These results provide the bases for novel neurorehabilitation strategies in terms of temporal re-organization of movement.

Unidirectional adaptation in tempo in pairs of chimpanzees during simultaneous tapping movement: an examination under face-to-face setup.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Lira; Tomonaga, Masaki

2016-04-01

Many studies have reported a spontaneous nature to synchronized movement in humans and in non-human primates. However, it is not yet clear whether individuals mutually adapt their movement to each other or whether one individual significantly changes to synchronize with the other. In the current study, we examined a directionality of the tempo adaptation to understand an introductive process of interactional synchrony in pairs of chimpanzees. Four pairs, consisting of five female chimpanzees, produced a finger-tapping movement under a face-to-face experimental setup where both auditory and visual cues of the partner's movement were available. Two test conditions were prepared: alone and paired. An analysis of the tapping tempo depending on condition showed that only one chimpanzee in each pair significantly changed their tapping tempo in the direction of the partner's tapping tempo in the paired condition compared with the alone condition. The current study demonstrated that unidirectional adaptation in tempo occurs in pairs of chimpanzees when they simultaneously produce the tapping movement under auditory and visual interaction.

Effect of Music Tempo on Attentional Focus and Perceived Exertion during Self-selected Paced Walking

Science.gov (United States)

SILVA, ALDO COELHO; DOS SANTOS FERREIRA, SANDRO; ALVES, RAGAMI CHAVES; FOLLADOR, LUCIO; DA SILVA, SERGIO GREGORIO

2016-01-01

This study investigated the influence of music on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and attentional focus during walking at a self-selected pace. Fifteen overweight and obese women volunteered to participate in the study. They underwent four sessions: the first for incremental maximal test and anthropometric measurement followed by three experimental sessions. After the first session, they were exposed to three 30-minute walking sessions at a self-selected pace in a counterbalanced order: fast-tempo music (FT), medium-tempo music (MT) and no-music control (NM). Borg’s RPE Scale and an Attentional Focus Questionnaire were used to measure the perceptual response and attentional focus, respectively. Results showed that the RPE was higher in the no-music control than in the medium-tempo music (12.05 ± 0.6 vs. 10.5 ± 0.5). Furthermore, dissociative attentional focus was greater for both conditions with music in comparison with the no-music control (NM= 39.0 ± 4.1; MT= 48.4 ± 4.1 and FT= 47.9 ± 4.5). The results indicated that the use of music during walking can modulate attentional focus, increasing dissociative thought, and medium-tempo music can reduce the RPE. PMID:27990220

A medida do tempo: intuição e inteligência em Bergson

OpenAIRE

Monteiro, Geovana da Paz

2008-01-01

110f. Investigar a natureza do tempo real é, de acordo com Henri Bergson, perscrutar um objeto fugidio, uma vez que, ao tentarmos apreendê-lo, já se escoou em seu fluxo contínuo. Caberia à consciência compreendê-lo na passagem que lhe é própria. Doravante, uma dificuldade se mostra ao filósofo: tempo e espaço, sendo qualitativamente distintos, aparecem, quer para a filosofia, quer para a ciência, como faces de uma mesma moeda. O pensamento bergsoniano percebe, então, na espacialização do t...

Fronteiras, violência e o trabalho do tempo: alguns temas wittgensteinianos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Das Veena

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Trabalhos recentes sugerem que, quando se contempla a violência, atinge-se uma espécie de limite da capacidade de representar. O caso da Partição da Índia, em 1947, fornece um desses "dramas de horror", por seus atos hediondos de grande escala. Este ensaio trata da domesticação da violência, atualizada na história de uma família urbana do Punjabi, e da necessidade do "trabalho do tempo" para permitir sua cicatrização. Recuperando idéias de Wittgenstein para a Antropologia, a autora mostra como o trabalho do tempo, não sua imagem ou representação, serve para testar o sentido do que é humano quando a linguagem falha ou simplesmente não existe.

A thermoelectric power generating heat exchanger: Part II – Numerical modeling and optimization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sarhadi, Ali; Bjørk, Rasmus; Lindeburg, N.

2016-01-01

In Part I of this study, the performance of an experimental integrated thermoelectric generator (TEG)-heat exchanger was presented. In the current study, Part II, the obtained experimental results are compared with those predicted by a finite element (FE) model. In the simulation of the integrated...... TEG-heat exchanger, the thermal contact resistance between the TEG and the heat exchanger is modeled assuming either an ideal thermal contact or using a combined Cooper–Mikic–Yovanovich (CMY) and parallel plate gap formulation, which takes into account the contact pressure, roughness and hardness...

The Effects of Learning Procedure, Tempo, and Performance Condition on Transfer of Rhythm Skills in Instrumental Music.

Science.gov (United States)

Pierce, Michael A.

1992-01-01

Describes study of effects of learning procedures and performance tempo on ability of 64 middle school students to perform previously learned rhythmic passages. Reviews the four learning procedures used for each rhythmic passage. Finds no evidence attributed to learning procedure but significant adverse differences if the tempo was changed from…

ADHD Dimensions and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in Relation to Self-Report and Laboratory Measures of Neuropsychological Functioning in College Students.

Science.gov (United States)

Jarrett, Matthew A; Rapport, Hannah F; Rondon, Ana T; Becker, Stephen P

2017-06-01

This study examined ADHD and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms in relation to self-report and laboratory measures of neuropsychological functioning in college students. College students ( N = 298, aged 17-25, 72% female) completed self-reports of ADHD, SCT, depression, sleep, functional impairment, and executive functioning (EF). Participants also completed a visual working memory task, a Stroop test, and the Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II (CPT-II). ADHD inattentive and SCT symptoms were strong predictors of self-reported EF, with inattention the strongest predictor of Time Management and Motivation and SCT the strongest predictor of Self-Organization/Problem Solving. SCT (but not inattention) was associated with Emotion Regulation. No relationships were found between self-reported symptoms and laboratory task performance. Between-group analyses were largely consistent with regression analyses. Self-reported ADHD and SCT symptoms are strongly associated with college students' self-reported EF, but relationships with laboratory task measures of neuropsychological functioning are limited.

TEMPO E FILOSOFIA NO ROMANCE "PEDRO PÁRAMO", DE JUÁN RULFO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Profª Drª Cláudia Falluh Balduino Ferreira

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Considerando que a questão filosófica expressa pela composição narrativa visa às relações e as tensões entre o tempo da narrativa e o da vida, e que várias disciplinas são convocadas a este amplo debate, o presente artigo quer ilustrar ao modo como se dão a aliança entre os processos mnemônicos e de anamnese e a experiência do tempo no romance do escritor mexicano Ruan Rulfo, empregando as noções filosóficas de anamnese conforme Platão e a questão do temporal segundo Paul Ricoeur.

Human brain basis of musical rhythm perception: common and distinct neural substrates for meter, tempo, and pattern.

Science.gov (United States)

Thaut, Michael H; Trimarchi, Pietro Davide; Parsons, Lawrence M

2014-06-17

Rhythm as the time structure of music is composed of distinct temporal components such as pattern, meter, and tempo. Each feature requires different computational processes: meter involves representing repeating cycles of strong and weak beats; pattern involves representing intervals at each local time point which vary in length across segments and are linked hierarchically; and tempo requires representing frequency rates of underlying pulse structures. We explored whether distinct rhythmic elements engage different neural mechanisms by recording brain activity of adult musicians and non-musicians with positron emission tomography (PET) as they made covert same-different discriminations of (a) pairs of rhythmic, monotonic tone sequences representing changes in pattern, tempo, and meter, and (b) pairs of isochronous melodies. Common to pattern, meter, and tempo tasks were focal activities in right, or bilateral, areas of frontal, cingulate, parietal, prefrontal, temporal, and cerebellar cortices. Meter processing alone activated areas in right prefrontal and inferior frontal cortex associated with more cognitive and abstract representations. Pattern processing alone recruited right cortical areas involved in different kinds of auditory processing. Tempo processing alone engaged mechanisms subserving somatosensory and premotor information (e.g., posterior insula, postcentral gyrus). Melody produced activity different from the rhythm conditions (e.g., right anterior insula and various cerebellar areas). These exploratory findings suggest the outlines of some distinct neural components underlying the components of rhythmic structure.

Understanding Medicines: Conceptual Analysis of Nurses' Needs for Knowledge and Understanding of Pharmacology (Part I). Understanding Medicines: Extending Pharmacology Education for Dependent and Independent Prescribing (Part II).

Science.gov (United States)

Leathard, Helen L.

2001-01-01

Part I reviews what nurses need to know about the administration and prescription of medicines. Part II addresses drug classifications, actions and effects, and interactions. Also discussed are the challenges pharmacological issues pose for nursing education. (SK)

Sucrose tricarboxylate by sonocatalysed TEMPO-mediated oxidation.

Science.gov (United States)

Lemoine, S; Thomazeau, C; Joannard, D; Trombotto, S; Descotes, G; Bouchu, A; Queneau, Y

2000-06-16

Oxidation of sucrose by the NaOCl/TEMPO system provided sucrose tricarboxylate without the addition of sodium bromide as co-catalyst when high-frequency (500 kHz) ultrasound was applied, in contrast to very limited conversion without sonication. In the presence of sodium bromide, sonication also caused acceleration of the oxidation. The rate increase due to sonication of the oxidant system prior to sucrose addition suggests that ultrasound acts at the level of the formation of the nitrosonium ion, the active oxidising species in the catalytic cycle.

Effect of the addition of two superoxide dismutase analogues (Tempo and Tempol) to alpaca semen extender for cryopreservation.

Science.gov (United States)

Santiani, Alexei; Acosta, Alexei Santiani; Evangelista, Shirley; Vargas, Shirley Evangelista; Valdivia, Martha; Cuya, Martha Valdivia; Risopatrón, Jennie; González, Jennie Risopatrón; Sánchez, Raúl; Gutiérrez, Raúl Sánchez

2013-03-15

The main objective was to study the effects, on sperm function, of the addition of two superoxide dismutase (SOD) analogues (Tempo and Tempol) to alpaca semen extender for cryopreservation. Twelve alpaca semen samples were collected using an artificial vagina and then diluted at a 1:3 ratio in an extender based on skim milk, egg yolk, and fructose. Each semen sample was divided into three equal parts to form the following groups: control, Tempo (1 mM), and Tempol (1 mM). Groups were cooled to 5 °C in 90 minutes (-1 °C in 3 minutes); when samples reached approximately 10 °C, SOD analogues were added to the respective groups. At 5 °C, ethylene glycol (final concentration, 0.1 M) was added to each group. After 30 minutes at 5 °C, samples were loaded in 0.25 mL plastic straws, placed in liquid nitrogen vapor for 15 minutes, and then plunged. Percentages of sperm motility, functional sperm membrane integrity, and viable sperm with intact acrosomes were evaluated before and after freeze-thaw using visual analysis, the hypoosmotic swelling test, and the double-stain trypan blue/giemsa technique, respectively. The Terminal deoxymucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling assay was performed for evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation of frozen-thawed sperm. Sperm motility was higher (P < 0.05) in the Tempol and Tempo groups than in the control group (mean, 22.1%, 19.7%, and 11.2%, respectively), with similar results for functional sperm membrane integrity. Additionally, DNA fragmentation was lower (P < 0.05) in the Tempol group (16.7%) than in the control group (38.8%). Viable sperm with intact acrosomes were not affected by the use of SOD analogues. There was a negative correlation (r = -0.58) between DNA fragmentation of alpaca sperm and sperm motility after freeze-thawing, but DNA damage was neither related to functional membrane integrity nor viable sperm with intact acrosomes. We concluded that DNA fragmentation and loss of motility during cryopreservation of

Uncertainty estimation with a small number of measurements, part II: a redefinition of uncertainty and an estimator method

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Hening

2018-01-01

This paper is the second (Part II) in a series of two papers (Part I and Part II). Part I has quantitatively discussed the fundamental limitations of the t-interval method for uncertainty estimation with a small number of measurements. This paper (Part II) reveals that the t-interval is an ‘exact’ answer to a wrong question; it is actually misused in uncertainty estimation. This paper proposes a redefinition of uncertainty, based on the classical theory of errors and the theory of point estimation, and a modification of the conventional approach to estimating measurement uncertainty. It also presents an asymptotic procedure for estimating the z-interval. The proposed modification is to replace the t-based uncertainty with an uncertainty estimator (mean- or median-unbiased). The uncertainty estimator method is an approximate answer to the right question to uncertainty estimation. The modified approach provides realistic estimates of uncertainty, regardless of whether the population standard deviation is known or unknown, or if the sample size is small or large. As an application example of the modified approach, this paper presents a resolution to the Du-Yang paradox (i.e. Paradox 2), one of the three paradoxes caused by the misuse of the t-interval in uncertainty estimation.

Oficinas de Gestão do Tempo com Estudantes Universitários

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clarissa Tochetto de Oliveira

Full Text Available Resumo Buscou-se descrever a experiência de oficinas de gestão do tempo realizadas junto a acadêmicos de uma universidade pública no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizados oito encontros com o objetivo de avaliar e discutir a forma como os participantes costumam organizar o seu tempo. Participaram 85 alunos de graduação e pós-graduação. Os tópicos abordados incluíram estratégias utilizadas para organização, identificação de problemas, metas e objetivos e oferecimento de dicas. Foram descritos os procedimentos e as ferramentas utilizadas nas oficinas. As dificuldades vivenciadas pelos estudantes estavam relacionadas à procrastinação, à incapacidade de dizer “não” às demandas alheias, à carga horária de seus cursos e à conciliação entre estudos, convivência familiar e lazer. A participação na oficina foi um primeiro momento de reflexão sobre a temática para muitos participantes. Pesquisas que investiguem os “motivos” das dificuldades na gestão do tempo nessa população podem subsidiar futuras intervenções junto a esse público.

Does expressive timing in music performance scale proportionally with tempo?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Desain, P.; Honing, H.

1994-01-01

Evidence is presented that expressive timing in music is not relationally invariant with global tempo. Our results stem from an analysis of repeated performances of Beethoven's variations on a Paisiello theme. Recordings were made of two pianists playing the pieces at three tempi. In contrast with

Bayesian inference for psychology. Part II: Example applications with JASP.

Science.gov (United States)

Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan; Love, Jonathon; Marsman, Maarten; Jamil, Tahira; Ly, Alexander; Verhagen, Josine; Selker, Ravi; Gronau, Quentin F; Dropmann, Damian; Boutin, Bruno; Meerhoff, Frans; Knight, Patrick; Raj, Akash; van Kesteren, Erik-Jan; van Doorn, Johnny; Šmíra, Martin; Epskamp, Sacha; Etz, Alexander; Matzke, Dora; de Jong, Tim; van den Bergh, Don; Sarafoglou, Alexandra; Steingroever, Helen; Derks, Koen; Rouder, Jeffrey N; Morey, Richard D

2018-02-01

Bayesian hypothesis testing presents an attractive alternative to p value hypothesis testing. Part I of this series outlined several advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing, including the ability to quantify evidence and the ability to monitor and update this evidence as data come in, without the need to know the intention with which the data were collected. Despite these and other practical advantages, Bayesian hypothesis tests are still reported relatively rarely. An important impediment to the widespread adoption of Bayesian tests is arguably the lack of user-friendly software for the run-of-the-mill statistical problems that confront psychologists for the analysis of almost every experiment: the t-test, ANOVA, correlation, regression, and contingency tables. In Part II of this series we introduce JASP ( http://www.jasp-stats.org ), an open-source, cross-platform, user-friendly graphical software package that allows users to carry out Bayesian hypothesis tests for standard statistical problems. JASP is based in part on the Bayesian analyses implemented in Morey and Rouder's BayesFactor package for R. Armed with JASP, the practical advantages of Bayesian hypothesis testing are only a mouse click away.

Effects of music tempo upon submaximal cycling performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Waterhouse, J; Hudson, P; Edwards, B

2010-08-01

In an in vivo laboratory controlled study, 12 healthy male students cycled at self-chosen work-rates while listening to a program of six popular music tracks of different tempi. The program lasted about 25 min and was performed on three occasions--unknown to the participants, its tempo was normal, increased by 10% or decreased by 10%. Work done, distance covered and cadence were measured at the end of each track, as were heart rate and subjective measures of exertion, thermal comfort and how much the music was liked. Speeding up the music program increased distance covered/unit time, power and pedal cadence by 2.1%, 3.5% and 0.7%, respectively; slowing the program produced falls of 3.8%, 9.8% and 5.9%. Average heart rate changes were +0.1% (faster program) and -2.2% (slower program). Perceived exertion and how much the music was liked increased (faster program) by 2.4% and 1.3%, respectively, and decreased (slower program) by 3.6% and 35.4%. That is, healthy individuals performing submaximal exercise not only worked harder with faster music but also chose to do so and enjoyed the music more when it was played at a faster tempo. Implications of these findings for improving training regimens are discussed.

Tempo, ciência e consenso: os diferentes tempos que envolvem a pesquisa científica, a decisão política e a opinião pública

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Aparecido de Oliveira

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisa a assimétrica relação entre o tempo da pesquisa científica e o tempo dos diferentes segmentos interessados em seus resultados, sobretudo com a crescente demanda de se construir consenso técnico sobre campos da ciência que exigem rigorosas investigações e exaustivos testes. Destacam-se, sobretudo nos últimos anos, as pressões de setores da sociedade civil, interessados em participar do processo decisório que orienta os rumos da ciência, entre eles: o jornalismo científico, o poder legislativo e a opinião pública. Como exemplo, foi analisado o processo decisório do projeto de Lei de Biossegurança, que permite pesquisas com células-tronco embrionárias no Brasil. Os resultados permitem concluir que essa relação assimétrica entre os diferentes tempos (da ciência, da divulgação científica, da opinião pública e do poder público contribui para o amadurecimento do diálogo sobre política científica e a construção de consenso sobre os rumos da ciência, com vistas a democratizar o fazer científico.

Tempo, ciência e consenso: os diferentes tempos que envolvem a pesquisa científica, a decisão política e a opinião pública

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Aparecido de Oliveira

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisa a assimétrica relação entre o tempo da pesquisa científica e o tempo dos diferentes segmentos interessados em seus resultados, sobretudo com a crescente demanda de se construir consenso técnico sobre campos da ciência que exigem rigorosas investigações e exaustivos testes. Destacam-se, sobretudo nos últimos anos, as pressões de setores da sociedade civil, interessados em participar do processo decisório que orienta os rumos da ciência, entre eles: o jornalismo científico, o poder legislativo e a opinião pública. Como exemplo, foi analisado o processo decisório do projeto de Lei de Biossegurança, que permite pesquisas com células-tronco embrionárias no Brasil. Os resultados permitem concluir que essa relação assimétrica entre os diferentes tempos (da ciência, da divulgação científica, da opinião pública e do poder público contribui para o amadurecimento do diálogo sobre política científica e a construção de consenso sobre os rumos da ciência, com vistas a democratizar o fazer científico.

Synthesis and properties of novel TEMPO-contained polypyrrole derivatives as the cathode material of organic radical battery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xu, Lihuan; Yang, Fang; Su, Chang; Ji, Lvlv; Zhang, Cheng

2014-01-01

Two 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxy (TEMPO) contained polypyrrole (PPy) derivatives with the different side-chain length were synthesized by esterification of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl free radial with pyrrole butyric acid and pyrrole caproic acid. Then the homopolymers of 4-(3-(Pyrrol-1-yl)butyryloxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy (PPy-B-TEMPO) and 4-(3-(Pyrrol-1-yl)hexanoyloxy)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy (PPy-C-TEMPO) were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization. The structure, morphology, electrochemical properties of prepared polymers were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammograms (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), respectively. Also, the charge-discharge properties of the prepared polymers were studied by galvanostatic charge-discharge testing. The results demonstrated that the as-synthesized nitroxide radical polymers showed a reversible two-electron redox reaction process in the potential limits of 2.5–3.0 V and 3.4–3.8 V vs Li/Li + , respectively. Under our experimental conditions, PPy only presented the discharge capacity of 16.5 mAh·g −1 at 20 mA·g −1 between 2.5 and 4.2 V, while PPy-B-TEMPO with the short side-chain linked to TEMPO groups exhibited an initial discharge capacity of up to 86.5 mAh·g −1 with two well-defined plateaus. Furthermore, the PPy-C-TEMPO with the longer linking side-chain even displayed a discharge capacity of 115 mAh·g −1 . These superior electrochemical performances were ascribed to the flexible linking side-chain and the introduction of stable conductive PPy main chain, which benefits the improvement of charge carrier transportation in the aggregated polymer bulk

Scope Oriented Thermoeconomic analysis of energy systems. Part II: Formation Structure of Optimality for robust design

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piacentino, Antonio; Cardona, Ennio

2010-01-01

This paper represents the Part II of a paper in two parts. In Part I the fundamentals of Scope Oriented Thermoeconomics have been introduced, showing a scarce potential for the cost accounting of existing plants; in this Part II the same concepts are applied to the optimization of a small set of design variables for a vapour compression chiller. The method overcomes the limit of most conventional optimization techniques, which are usually based on hermetic algorithms not enabling the energy analyst to recognize all the margins for improvement. The Scope Oriented Thermoeconomic optimization allows us to disassemble the optimization process, thus recognizing the Formation Structure of Optimality, i.e. the specific influence of any thermodynamic and economic parameter in the path toward the optimal design. Finally, the potential applications of such an in-depth understanding of the inner driving forces of the optimization are discussed in the paper, with a particular focus on the sensitivity analysis to the variation of energy and capital costs and on the actual operation-oriented design.

Structure Learning and Statistical Estimation in Distribution Networks - Part II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deka, Deepjyoti [Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX (United States); Backhaus, Scott N. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Chertkov, Michael [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

2015-02-13

Limited placement of real-time monitoring devices in the distribution grid, recent trends notwithstanding, has prevented the easy implementation of demand-response and other smart grid applications. Part I of this paper discusses the problem of learning the operational structure of the grid from nodal voltage measurements. In this work (Part II), the learning of the operational radial structure is coupled with the problem of estimating nodal consumption statistics and inferring the line parameters in the grid. Based on a Linear-Coupled(LC) approximation of AC power flows equations, polynomial time algorithms are designed to identify the structure and estimate nodal load characteristics and/or line parameters in the grid using the available nodal voltage measurements. Then the structure learning algorithm is extended to cases with missing data, where available observations are limited to a fraction of the grid nodes. The efficacy of the presented algorithms are demonstrated through simulations on several distribution test cases.

Development and Lability in the Parent-Child Relationship During Adolescence: Associations With Pubertal Timing and Tempo

Science.gov (United States)

Marceau, Kristine; Ram, Nilam; Susman, Elizabeth

2014-01-01

Adolescents' and parents' reactions to pubertal development are hypothesized to contribute to changes in family dynamics. Using 7-year longitudinal data from the NICHD-SECCYD (488 boys, 475 girls) we examined relations between pubertal development (timing, tempo) and trajectories (developmental change and year-to-year lability) of parent-child conflict and closeness from age 8.5 to 15.5 years. Changes were mostly characterized by year-to-year fluctuations – lability. Parent-child conflict increased and closeness decreased some with age. Pubertal timing and tempo were more consistently associated with lability in parent-child relationships than with long-term trends, although faster tempo was associated with steeper decreases in parent-child closeness. Findings provide a platform for examining how puberty contributes to both long-term and transient changes in adolescents' relationships and adjustment. PMID:26321856

North American pollution measurements from geostationary orbit with Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO)

Science.gov (United States)

Chance, K.

2017-12-01

TEMPO is the first NASA Earth Venture Instrument. It launches between 2019 and 2021 to measure atmospheric pollution from Mexico City and Cuba to the Canadian oil sands, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific, hourly at high spatial resolution, 10 km2. Geostationary daytime measurements capture the variability in the diurnal cycle of emissions and chemistry at sub-urban scale to improve emission inventories, monitor population exposure, and enable emission-control strategies.TEMPO measures UV/visible Earth reflectance spectra to retrieve O3, NO2, SO2, H2CO, C2H2O2, H2O, BrO, OClO, IO, aerosols, cloud parameters, and UVB radiation. It tracks aerosol loading. It provides near-real-time air quality products. TEMPO is the North American component of the upcoming the global geostationary constellation for pollution monitoring, together with the European Sentinel-4 and the Korean Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS).TEMPO science studies include: Intercontinental pollution transport; Solar-induced fluorescence from chlorophyll over land and in the ocean to study tropical dynamics, primary productivity and carbon uptake, to detect red tides, and to study phytoplankton; measurements of stratospheric intrusions that cause air quality exceedances; measurements at peaks in vehicle travel to capture the variability in emissions from mobile sources; measurements of thunderstorm activity, including outflow regions to better quantify lightning NOx and O3 production; cropland measurements to follow the temporal evolution of emissions after fertilizer application and from rain-induced emissions from semi-arid soils; investigating the chemical processing of primary fire emissions and the secondary formation of VOCs and ozone; examining ocean halogen emissions and their impact on the oxidizing capacity of coastal environments; measuring spectra of nighttime lights as markers for human activity, energy conservation, and compliance with outdoor lighting standards

Adaptabilidade do tempo de trabalho, banco de horas e horário concentrado

OpenAIRE

Verdasca, Daniela Vieira

2017-01-01

No presente trabalho pretendemos analisar os regimes de adaptabilidade, banco de horas e horário concentrado, bem como ponderar a sua contribuição para os princípios sempre presentes na temática da duração do trabalho, que por vezes se revelam antagónicos: a proteção do trabalhador, a tutela da sua saúde e da sua vida familiar e pessoal, uma vez que estes mecanismos permitem a variação do tempo de trabalho e logo dos tempos de não trabalho, e a salvaguarda dos interesses de gestão, sendo que ...

Emerging Forms of the Part II of Jonathan Swift's Novel “Gulliver’s Travels”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Svitlana Tikhonenko

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The article is devoted to the study of grotesque forms in Jonathan Swift's novel "Gulliver’s Travels" based on the text of part II of the novel "A Voyage to Brobdingnag". On the basis of the selected actual material, displays of the grotesque elements in the semantic field of the work’s text are traced. The grotesque world of the novel is the author's model of mankind, in which J. Swift presents his view not only on the state of the modern system of England, but also on the nature of man in general, reveals the peculiarities of the psychology of human nature, especially human socialization. In part II, the author continues to develop a complex and contradictory picture of human existence in front of the reader, the world of giants appears as an ambivalent system in which the features of an ideal society and ideal ruler, in author’s opinion, with the ugly face of man and society, are marvelously combined.

The effects of tempo and familiarity on children's affective interpretation of music.

Science.gov (United States)

Mote, Jasmine

2011-06-01

When and how does one learn to associate emotion with music? This study attempted to address this issue by examining whether preschool children use tempo as a cue in determining whether a song is happy or sad. Instrumental versions of children's songs were played at different tempos to adults and children ages 3 to 5 years. Familiar and unfamiliar songs were used to examine whether familiarity affected children's identification of emotion in music. The results indicated that adults, 4 year olds and 5 year olds rated fast songs as significantly happier than slow songs. However, 3 year olds failed to rate fast songs differently than slow songs at above-chance levels. Familiarity did not significantly affect children's identification of happiness and sadness in music.

Numerical simulation of projectile impact on mild steel armour plates using LS-DYNA, Part II: Parametric studies

OpenAIRE

Raguraman, M; Deb, A; Gupta, NK; Kharat, DK

2008-01-01

In Part I of the current two-part series, a comprehensive simulation-based study of impact of Jacketed projectiles on mild steel armour plates has been presented. Using the modelling procedures developed in Part I, a number of parametric studies have been carried out for the same mild steel plates considered in Part I and reported here in Part II. The current investigation includes determination of ballistic limits of a given target plate for different projectile diameters and impact velociti...

Technical Information on the Carbonation of the EBR-II Reactor, Summary Report Part 1: Laboratory Experiments and Application to EBR-II Secondary Sodium System

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Steven R. Sherman

2005-04-01

Residual sodium is defined as sodium metal that remains behind in pipes, vessels, and tanks after the bulk sodium metal has been melted and drained from such components. The residual sodium has the same chemical properties as bulk sodium, and differs from bulk sodium only in the thickness of the sodium deposit. Typically, sodium is considered residual when the thickness of the deposit is less than 5-6 cm. This residual sodium must be removed or deactivated when a pipe, vessel, system, or entire reactor is permanently taken out of service, in order to make the component or system safer and/or to comply with decommissioning regulations. As an alternative to the established residual sodium deactivation techniques (steam-and-nitrogen, wet vapor nitrogen, etc.), a technique involving the use of moisture and carbon dioxide has been developed. With this technique, sodium metal is converted into sodium bicarbonate by reacting it with humid carbon dioxide. Hydrogen is emitted as a by-product. This technique was first developed in the laboratory by exposing sodium samples to humidified carbon dioxide under controlled conditions, and then demonstrated on a larger scale by treating residual sodium within the Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) secondary cooling system, followed by the primary cooling system, respectively. The EBR-II facility is located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in southeastern Idaho, U.S.A. This report is Part 1 of a two-part report. It is divided into three sections. The first section describes the chemistry of carbon dioxide-water-sodium reactions. The second section covers the laboratory experiments that were conducted in order to develop the residual sodium deactivation process. The third section discusses the application of the deactivation process to the treatment of residual sodium within the EBR-II secondary sodium cooling system. Part 2 of the report, under separate cover, describes the application of the technique to residual sodium

The Effect of Articulation Style on Perception of Modulated Tempo

Science.gov (United States)

Geringer, John M.; Madsen, Clifford K.; MacLeod, Rebecca B.; Kevin Droe

2006-01-01

We investigated the effect of legato and staccato articulation styles on the perception of modulated tempos. Ninety music majors served as participants. Listeners heard music examples that had been selected from two pieces, each of which included staccato and legato passages. Excerpts were presented to listeners in three conditions of tempo…

HERBICIDAS INIBIDORES DO FOTOSSISTEMA II – PARTE II / PHOTOSYSTEM II INHIBITOR HERBICIDES - PART

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ILCA P. DE F. E SILVA

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Os herbicidas inibidores do fotossistema II (PSII ligam-se ao sítio da QB localizado na proteína D1 o qual se localiza na membrana dos tilacóides dos cloroplastos, causando, o bloqueia do transporte de elétrons da QA para QB, tendo como consequência, a peroxidação dos lipídios. Os principais fatores que afetam a evolução da resistência de plantas daninhas aos herbicidas têm sido agrupados em: genéticos, bioecológicos e agronômicos. A resistência de plantas daninhas a herbicidas é definida como a habilidade de uma planta sobreviver e reproduzir, após exposição a uma dose de herbicida normalmente letal para um biótipo normal da planta. A seletividade de um herbicida está relacionada à capacidade de eliminar plantas daninhas sem interferir na qualidade da planta de interesse econômico.

Musicians are more consistent: Gestural cross-modal mappings of pitch, loudness and tempo in real-time.

Science.gov (United States)

Küssner, Mats B; Tidhar, Dan; Prior, Helen M; Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel

2014-01-01

Cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli reveal valuable insights into how humans make sense of sound and music. Whereas researchers have investigated cross-modal mappings of sound features varied in isolation within paradigms such as speeded classification and forced-choice matching tasks, investigations of representations of concurrently varied sound features (e.g., pitch, loudness and tempo) with overt gestures-accounting for the intrinsic link between movement and sound-are scant. To explore the role of bodily gestures in cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli we asked 64 musically trained and untrained participants to represent pure tones-continually sounding and concurrently varied in pitch, loudness and tempo-with gestures while the sound stimuli were played. We hypothesized musical training to lead to more consistent mappings between pitch and height, loudness and distance/height, and tempo and speed of hand movement and muscular energy. Our results corroborate previously reported pitch vs. height (higher pitch leading to higher elevation in space) and tempo vs. speed (increasing tempo leading to increasing speed of hand movement) associations, but also reveal novel findings pertaining to musical training which influenced consistency of pitch mappings, annulling a commonly observed bias for convex (i.e., rising-falling) pitch contours. Moreover, we reveal effects of interactions between musical parameters on cross-modal mappings (e.g., pitch and loudness on speed of hand movement), highlighting the importance of studying auditory stimuli concurrently varied in different musical parameters. Results are discussed in light of cross-modal cognition, with particular emphasis on studies within (embodied) music cognition. Implications for theoretical refinements and potential clinical applications are provided.

The speed of our mental soundtracks: Tracking the tempo of involuntary musical imagery in everyday life.

Science.gov (United States)

Jakubowski, Kelly; Farrugia, Nicolas; Halpern, Andrea R; Sankarpandi, Sathish K; Stewart, Lauren

2015-11-01

The study of spontaneous and everyday cognitions is an area of rapidly growing interest. One of the most ubiquitous forms of spontaneous cognition is involuntary musical imagery (INMI), the involuntarily retrieved and repetitive mental replay of music. The present study introduced a novel method for capturing temporal features of INMI within a naturalistic setting. This method allowed for the investigation of two questions of interest to INMI researchers in a more objective way than previously possible, concerning (1) the precision of memory representations within INMI and (2) the interactions between INMI and concurrent affective state. Over the course of 4 days, INMI tempo was measured by asking participants to tap to the beat of their INMI with a wrist-worn accelerometer. Participants documented additional details regarding their INMI in a diary. Overall, the tempo of music within INMI was recalled from long-term memory in a highly veridical form, although with a regression to the mean for recalled tempo that parallels previous findings on voluntary musical imagery. A significant positive relationship was found between INMI tempo and subjective arousal, suggesting that INMI interacts with concurrent mood in a similar manner to perceived music. The results suggest several parallels between INMI and voluntary imagery, music perceptual processes, and other types of involuntary memories.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: a review for dermatologists: Part II. Treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Buzney, Elizabeth; Sheu, Johanna; Buzney, Catherine; Reynolds, Rachel V

2014-11-01

Dermatologists are in a key position to treat the manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The management of PCOS should be tailored to each woman's specific goals, reproductive interests, and particular constellation of symptoms. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended. In part II of this continuing medical education article, we present the available safety and efficacy data regarding treatments for women with acne, hirsutism, and androgenetic alopecia. Therapies discussed include lifestyle modification, topical therapies, combined oral contraceptives, antiandrogen agents, and insulin-sensitizing drugs. Treatment recommendations are made based on the current available evidence. Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Individual differences in the biomechanical effect of loudness and tempo on upper-limb movements during repetitive piano keystrokes.

Science.gov (United States)

Furuya, Shinichi; Aoki, Tomoko; Nakahara, Hidehiro; Kinoshita, Hiroshi

2012-02-01

The present study addressed the effect of loudness and tempo on kinematics and muscular activities of the upper extremity during repetitive piano keystrokes. Eighteen pianists with professional music education struck two keys simultaneously and repetitively with a combination of four loudness levels and four tempi. The results demonstrated a significant interaction effect of loudness and tempo on peak angular velocity for the shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger joints, mean muscular activity for the corresponding flexors and extensors, and their co-activation level. The interaction effect indicated greater increases with tempo when eliciting louder tones for all joints and muscles except for the elbow velocity showing a greater decrease with tempo. Multiple-regression analysis and K-means clustering further revealed that 18 pianists were categorized into three clusters with different interaction effects on joint kinematics. These clusters were characterized by either an elbow-velocity decrease and a finger-velocity increase, a finger-velocity decrease with increases in shoulder and wrist velocities, or a large elbow-velocity decrease with a shoulder-velocity increase when increasing both loudness and tempo. Furthermore, the muscular load considerably differed across the clusters. These findings provide information to determine muscles with the greatest potential risk of playing-related disorders based on movement characteristics of individual pianists. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Recovery in soccer : part ii-recovery strategies.

Science.gov (United States)

Nédélec, Mathieu; McCall, Alan; Carling, Chris; Legall, Franck; Berthoin, Serge; Dupont, Gregory

2013-01-01

In the formerly published part I of this two-part review, we examined fatigue after soccer matchplay and recovery kinetics of physical performance, and cognitive, subjective and biological markers. To reduce the magnitude of fatigue and to accelerate the time to fully recover after completion, several recovery strategies are now used in professional soccer teams. During congested fixture schedules, recovery strategies are highly required to alleviate post-match fatigue, and then to regain performance faster and reduce the risk of injury. Fatigue following competition is multifactorial and mainly related to dehydration, glycogen depletion, muscle damage and mental fatigue. Recovery strategies should consequently be targeted against the major causes of fatigue. Strategies reviewed in part II of this article were nutritional intake, cold water immersion, sleeping, active recovery, stretching, compression garments, massage and electrical stimulation. Some strategies such as hydration, diet and sleep are effective in their ability to counteract the fatigue mechanisms. Providing milk drinks to players at the end of competition and a meal containing high-glycaemic index carbohydrate and protein within the hour following the match are effective in replenishing substrate stores and optimizing muscle-damage repair. Sleep is an essential part of recovery management. Sleep disturbance after a match is common and can negatively impact on the recovery process. Cold water immersion is effective during acute periods of match congestion in order to regain performance levels faster and repress the acute inflammatory process. Scientific evidence for other strategies reviewed in their ability to accelerate the return to the initial level of performance is still lacking. These include active recovery, stretching, compression garments, massage and electrical stimulation. While this does not mean that these strategies do not aid the recovery process, the protocols implemented up until

tempo astorico e spazio mitologico nella riflessione e nella pratica ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

User

“Tempo astorico” e “spazio mitologico” in Pirandello? Esiste dunque un Pirandello mitologico? È possibile parlare non tanto di miti ma di vera e propria mitologia per uno scrittore come l'Agrigentino che è, senz'ombra di dubbio, il massimo drammaturgo italiano della modernità ed è conosciuto internazionalmente come ...

Ocean Thermal Energy Converstion (OTEC) test facilities study program. Final report. Volume II. Part B

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

None

1977-01-17

Results are presented of an 8-month study to develop alternative non-site-specific OTEC facilities/platform requirements for an integrated OTEC test program which may include land and floating test facilities. Volume II--Appendixes is bound in three parts (A, B, and C) which together comprise a compendium of the most significant detailed data developed during the study. Part B provides an annotated test list and describes component tests and system tests.

Proposta de arquitetura de hardware e software para sistemas tempo-real distribuídos

OpenAIRE

Marcelo Gotz

2001-01-01

Um sistema tempo-real caracteriza-se por possuir requisitos temporais para execução de suas atividades, e de acordo com a sua tolerância ao atendimento destes requisitos é classificado em hard-real-time ou soft-real-time. O presente trabalho se propõe a apresentar uma arquitetura de hardware e software para suporte a sistemas tempo-real embarcados de baixo custo com objetivo de aplicação em pesquisas no meio acadêmico e que possa ser usado até em ambientes hard-real-time. A motivação para est...

Not-for-profit versus for-profit health care providers--Part II: Comparing and contrasting their records.

Science.gov (United States)

Rotarius, Timothy; Trujillo, Antonio J; Liberman, Aaron; Ramirez, Bernardo

2006-01-01

The debate over which health care providers are most capably meeting their responsibilities in serving the public's interest continues unabated, and the comparisons of not-for-profit (NFP) versus for-profit (FP) hospitals remain at the epicenter of the discussion. From the perspective of available factual information, which of the two sides to this debate is correct? This article is part II of a 2-part series on comparing and contrasting the performance records of NFP health care providers with their FP counterparts. Although it is demonstrated that both NFP and FP providers perform virtuous and selfless feats on behalf of America's public, it is also shown that both camps have been accused of being involved in potentially willful clinical and administrative missteps. Part I provided the background information (eg, legal differences, perspectives on social responsibility, and types of questionable and fraudulent behavior) required to adequately understand the scope of the comparison issue. Part II offers actual comparisons of the 2 organizational structures using several disparate factors such as specific organizational behaviors, approach to the health care priorities of cost and quality, and business-focused goals of profits, efficiency, and community benefit.

Long-Term Memory for Music: Infants Remember Tempo and Timbre

Science.gov (United States)

Trainor, Laurel J.; Wu, Luann; Tsang, Christine D.

2004-01-01

We show that infants' long-term memory representations for melodies are not just reduced to the structural features of relative pitches and durations, but contain surface or performance tempo- and timbre-specific information. Using a head turn preference procedure, we found that after a one week exposure to an old English folk song, infants…

Effects of music tempo on performance, psychological, and physiological variables during 20 km cycling in well-trained cyclists.

Science.gov (United States)

2013-10-01

Few studies have investigated the effects of music on trained athletes during high intensity endurance tasks. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of different music tempi on performance, psychological, and physiological responses of well-trained cyclists to time trial cycling. 10 male road cyclists (M age = 35 yr., SD = 7), with a minimum of three years racing experience, performed four 20-km time trials on a Computrainer Pro 3D indoor cycle trainer over a period of four weeks. The time-trials were spaced one week apart. The music conditions for each trial were randomised between fast-tempo (140 bpm), medium-tempo (120 bpm), slow-tempo (100 bpm), and no music. Performance (completion time, power output, average speed and cadence), physiological (heart rate, oxygen consumption, breathing frequency and respiratory exchange ratio), psychophysical (RPE), and psychological (mood states) data were collected for each trial. Results indicated no significant changes in performance, physiological, or psychophysical variables. Total mood disturbance and tension increased significantly in the fast-tempo trial when compared with medium and no-music conditions.

Intra- and intersubject comparison of cochlear implant systems using the Esprit and the Tempo+ behind-the-ear speech processor.

Science.gov (United States)

Kompis, Martin; Jenk, Martin; Vischer, Mattheus W; Seifert, Eberhard; Häusler, Rudolf

2002-12-01

A patient with bilateral profound deafness was implanted with a Nucleus CI24M cochlear implant (CI) and used an Esprit behind-the-ear (BTE) speech processor. Thirteen months later, the implant had to be removed because of a cholesteatoma. As the same electrode could not be reinserted, a Medel combi40s CI was implanted in the same ear, and the patient used a Tempo+ BTE processor. After 1 year of use of the Combi40s/Tempo+ system, speech recognition was better and was rated better subjectively than with the CI24M/Esprit system. Speech recognition and subjective ratings were also assessed for two matched groups of nine CI users each, using either an Esprit or a Tempo+ processor. On average, speech recognition scores were higher for the group of Tempo+ users, but the difference was not statistically significant. Users of the Esprit processors rated their device higher in terms of cosmetic appearance and comfort of wearing.

Eleventh annual meeting, Bologna, Italy, 17-20 April 1978. Summary report. Part II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1978-07-01

The Summary Report - Part II of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the IAEA International Working Group on Fast Reactors - includes reports on development of fast reactors in France from 1977 to 1978; review of the activities related to fast reactors in Germany; status of fast breeder reactors development in Belgium and Netherlands; status of activities related to fast reactors in USSR, Japan USA, UK and Italy.

Eleventh annual meeting, Bologna, Italy, 17-20 April 1978. Summary report. Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1978-07-01

The Summary Report - Part II of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the IAEA International Working Group on Fast Reactors - includes reports on development of fast reactors in France from 1977 to 1978; review of the activities related to fast reactors in Germany; status of fast breeder reactors development in Belgium and Netherlands; status of activities related to fast reactors in USSR, Japan USA, UK and Italy

A legacy of struggle: the OSHA ergonomics standard and beyond, Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Delp, Linda; Mojtahedi, Zahra; Sheikh, Hina; Lemus, Jackie

2014-11-01

The OSHA ergonomics standard issued in 2000 was repealed within four months through a Congressional resolution that limits future ergonomics rulemaking. This section continues the conversation initiated in Part I, documenting a legacy of struggle for an ergonomics standard through the voices of eight labor, academic, and government key informants. Part I summarized important components of the standard; described the convergence of labor activism, research, and government action that laid the foundation for a standard; and highlighted the debates that characterized the rulemaking process. Part II explores the anti-regulatory political landscape of the 1990s, as well as the key opponents, power dynamics, and legal maneuvers that led to repeal of the standard. This section also describes the impact of the ergonomics struggle beyond the standard itself and ends with a discussion of creative state-level policy initiatives and coalition approaches to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in today's sociopolitical context.

Strength and tempo of directional selection in the wild

OpenAIRE

Hoekstra, H. E.; Hoekstra, J. M.; Berrigan, D.; Vignieri, S. N.; Hoang, A.; Hill, C. E.; Beerli, P.; Kingsolver, J. G.

2001-01-01

Directional selection is a major force driving adaptation and evolutionary change. However, the distribution, strength, and tempo of phenotypic selection acting on quantitative traits in natural populations remain unclear across different study systems. We reviewed the literature (1984–1997) that reported the strength of directional selection as indexed by standardized linear selection gradients (β). We asked how strong are viability and sexual selection, and whether strength of selection is ...

Title II, Part A: Don't Scrap It, Don't Dilute It, Fix It

Science.gov (United States)

Coggshall, Jane G.

2015-01-01

The Issue: Washington is taking a close look at Title II, Part A (Title IIA) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) as Congress debates reauthorization. The program sends roughly $2.5 billion a year to all states and nearly all districts to "(1) increase student academic achievement through strategies such as improving teacher…

Instructional Climates in Preschool Children Who Are At-Risk. Part II: Perceived Physical Competence

Science.gov (United States)

Robinson, Leah E.; Rudisill, Mary E.; Goodway, Jacqueline D.

2009-01-01

In Part II of this study, we examined the effect of two 9-week instructional climates (low-autonomy [LA] and mastery motivational climate [MMC]) on perceived physical competence (PPC) in preschoolers (N = 117). Participants were randomly assigned to an LA, MMC, or comparison group. PPC was assessed by a pretest, posttest, and retention test with…

Optimal recombination in genetic algorithms for combinatorial optimization problems: Part II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eremeev Anton V.

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper surveys results on complexity of the optimal recombination problem (ORP, which consists in finding the best possible offspring as a result of a recombination operator in a genetic algorithm, given two parent solutions. In Part II, we consider the computational complexity of ORPs arising in genetic algorithms for problems on permutations: the Travelling Salesman Problem, the Shortest Hamilton Path Problem and the Makespan Minimization on Single Machine and some other related problems. The analysis indicates that the corresponding ORPs are NP-hard, but solvable by faster algorithms, compared to the problems they are derived from.

The basic science of dermal fillers: past and present Part II: adverse effects.

Science.gov (United States)

Gilbert, Erin; Hui, Andrea; Meehan, Shane; Waldorf, Heidi A

2012-09-01

The ideal dermal filler should offer long-lasting aesthetic improvement with a minimal side-effect profile. It should be biocompatible and stable within the injection site, with the risk of only transient undesirable effects from injection alone. However, all dermal fillers can induce serious and potentially long-lasting adverse effects. In Part II of this paper, we review the most common adverse effects related to dermal filler use.

Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows Part II: Mechanics and Medical Aspects

CERN Document Server

Thiriet, Marc

2008-01-01

Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows presents the basic knowledge and state-of-the-art techniques necessary to carry out investigations of the cardiovascular system using modeling and simulation. Part II of this two-volume sequence, Mechanics and Medical Aspects, refers to the extraction of input data at the macroscopic scale for modeling the cardiovascular system, and complements Part I, which focuses on nanoscopic and microscopic components and processes. This volume contains chapters on anatomy, physiology, continuum mechanics, as well as pathological changes in the vasculature walls including the heart and their treatments. Methods of numerical simulations are given and illustrated in particular by application to wall diseases. This authoritative book will appeal to any biologist, chemist, physicist, or applied mathematician interested in the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Formulation, computation and improvement of steady state security margins in power systems. Part II: Results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Echavarren, F.M.; Lobato, E.; Rouco, L.; Gomez, T.

2011-01-01

A steady state security margin for a particular operating point can be defined as the distance from this initial point to the secure operating limits of the system. Four of the most used steady state security margins are the power flow feasibility margin, the contingency feasibility margin, the load margin to voltage collapse, and the total transfer capability between system areas. This is the second part of a two part paper. Part I has proposed a novel framework of a general model able to formulate, compute and improve any steady state security margin. In Part II the performance of the general model is validated by solving a variety of practical situations in modern real power systems. Actual examples of the Spanish power system will be used for this purpose. The same computation and improvement algorithms outlined in Part I have been applied for the four security margins considered in the study, outlining the convenience of defining a general framework valid for the four of them. The general model is used here in Part II to compute and improve: (a) the power flow feasibility margin (assessing the influence of the reactive power generation limits in the Spanish power system), (b) the contingency feasibility margin (assessing the influence of transmission and generation capacity in maintaining a correct voltage profile), (c) the load margin to voltage collapse (assessing the location and quantity of loads that must be shed in order to be far away from voltage collapse) and (d) the total transfer capability (assessing the export import pattern of electric power between different areas of the Spanish system). (author)

Formulation, computation and improvement of steady state security margins in power systems. Part II: Results

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Echavarren, F.M.; Lobato, E.; Rouco, L.; Gomez, T. [School of Engineering of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, C/Alberto Aguilera, 23, 28015 Madrid (Spain)

2011-02-15

A steady state security margin for a particular operating point can be defined as the distance from this initial point to the secure operating limits of the system. Four of the most used steady state security margins are the power flow feasibility margin, the contingency feasibility margin, the load margin to voltage collapse, and the total transfer capability between system areas. This is the second part of a two part paper. Part I has proposed a novel framework of a general model able to formulate, compute and improve any steady state security margin. In Part II the performance of the general model is validated by solving a variety of practical situations in modern real power systems. Actual examples of the Spanish power system will be used for this purpose. The same computation and improvement algorithms outlined in Part I have been applied for the four security margins considered in the study, outlining the convenience of defining a general framework valid for the four of them. The general model is used here in Part II to compute and improve: (a) the power flow feasibility margin (assessing the influence of the reactive power generation limits in the Spanish power system), (b) the contingency feasibility margin (assessing the influence of transmission and generation capacity in maintaining a correct voltage profile), (c) the load margin to voltage collapse (assessing the location and quantity of loads that must be shed in order to be far away from voltage collapse) and (d) the total transfer capability (assessing the export import pattern of electric power between different areas of the Spanish system). (author)

Considerações sobre a idéia de tempo em Sto. Agostinho, Hume e Kant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Carbone Carneiro

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Discute-se sobre o tempo buscando entendê-lo a partir dos referenciais que o tomam como elaboração subjetiva, ou seja, como não possuindo qualquer realidade fora do sujeito. Entende-se que, na história da Filosofia, esta reflexão inicia-se com a filosofia de Sto. Agostinho e tem seu ápice no pensamento moderno, sobretudo em Hume e Kant. O tempo seria uma construção ou elaboração do espírito, sem existência fora dele (Sto. Agostinho ou uma apreensão empírica regular de relações causais de antes e depois (Hume ou uma intuição pura do espírito (Kant. Pretende-se, com esta análise, evidenciar uma forma clássica de conceber o tempo como elaboração realizada pelo sujeito (subjetiva.

Adopting a music-to-heart rate alignment strategy to measure the impact of music and its tempo on human heart rate

OpenAIRE

Van Dyck, Edith; Six, Joren; Soyer, Esin Nisa; Denys, Marlies; Bardijn, Ilka; Leman, Marc

2017-01-01

Music is frequently used as a means of relaxation. Conversely, it is used as a means of arousal in sports and exercise contexts. Previous research suggests that tempo is one of the most significant determinants of music-related arousal and relaxation effects. Here we investigate the specific effect of music tempo, but also more generally, the influence of music on human heart rate. We took the pulses of 32 participants in silence, and then we played them non-vocal, ambient music at a tempo co...

Tempo e patrimônio Temporality and patrimony

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

François Hartog

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute a redefinição da "memória" e do "patrimônio" dentro do novo "regime de historicidade" que o Ocidente vive após a Queda do Muro de Berlim (1989. Estas palavras-chave são tratadas como indícios, sintomas, de nossa relação com o tempo, como testemunhas da "crise" da ordem presente do tempo. O problema abordado: um novo regime de historicidade, centrado sobre o presente, estaria se formulando? Para o autor, ocorreu um crescimento rápido da categoria do presente e se impôs a evidência de um presente onipresente, que ele nomeia "presentismo", onde se vive entre a amnésia e a vontade de nada esquecer.This article discusses the redefinition of "memory" and "patrimony" within the new "regime of historicity" set in motion in the West after the fall of the Berlin Wall (1989. These keywords are treated as indicators or symptoms of our relation with time, as witnesses of the "crises" of the present order of time. The question that is approached is the following: is a new regime of historicity, one based on the present, taking shape? In the author's view, the category of present has grown rather fast and imposed an omnipotent present, which he names "presentism". This condition causes one to be torn between amnesia and the desire not to forget.

Exploring Water Pollution. Part II

Science.gov (United States)

Rillo, Thomas J.

1975-01-01

This is part two of a three part article related to the science activity of exploring environmental problems. Part one dealt with background information for the classroom teacher. Presented here is a suggested lesson plan on water pollution. Objectives, important concepts and instructional procedures are suggested. (EB)

Part I: $\\beta$-delayed fission, laser spectroscopy and shape-coexistence studies with astatine beams; Part II: Delineating the island of deformation in the light gold isotopes by means of laser spectroscopy

CERN Document Server

Andreyev, Andrei

2013-01-01

Part I: $\\beta$-delayed fission, laser spectroscopy and shape-coexistence studies with astatine beams; Part II: Delineating the island of deformation in the light gold isotopes by means of laser spectroscopy

Final environmental statement. Final addendum to Part II: Manufacture of floating nuclear power plants by Offshore Power Systems. DOCKET-STN--50-437

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1978-06-01

This Addendum to Part II of the Final Environmental Statement related to manufacture of floating nuclear power plants by Offshore Power Systems (OPS), NUREG-0056, issued September 1976, was prepared by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation. The staff's basic evaluation is presented in NUREG-0056. The current Addendum provides further consideration of a number of topics discussed in NUREG-0056, particularly additional consideration of shore zone siting at estuarine and ocean regions. This Summary and Conclusions recapitulates and is cumulative for Part II of the FES and the current Addendum. Augmentations to the Summary and Conclusions presented in Part II of the FES and arising from the evaluations contained in this Addendum are italicized

Effects of Style, Tempo, and Performing Medium on Children's Music Preference.

Science.gov (United States)

LeBlanc, Albert

1981-01-01

Fifth-graders listened to a tape incorporating fast and slow vocal and instrumental excerpts within the generic styles of rock/pop, country, older jazz, newer jazz, art music, and band music. A preference hierarchy emerged favoring the popular styles. Across pooled styles, faster tempos and instrumentals were slightly preferred. (Author/SJL)

Influência do tempo de aclimatação na resposta do cajueiro à salinidade

OpenAIRE

Brilhante, Jean C. A.; Silveira, Joaquim A. G.; Rocha, Iza M. A.; Morais, Déborah L. de; Viégas, Ricardo A.

2007-01-01

A resposta das plantas à salinidade depende de fatores fisiológicos, bioquímicos e genéticos. Com este trabalho, objetivou-se estudar o impacto do tempo de aclimatação à solução nutritiva sobre a resposta do cajueiro à salinidade. Plantas de Anarcadium occidentale L., CCP06, cultivadas em vermiculita durante 28 dias, foram transferidas para solução nutritiva de Hoagland com 1/10 de sua força iônica, onde permaneceram por 1 e 7 dias. Ao final dos dois tempos, a solução nutritiva foi suplementa...

Practical Aerobic Oxidations of Alcohols and Amines with Homogeneous Cu/TEMPO and Related Catalyst Systems

Science.gov (United States)

Ryland, Bradford L.; Stahl, Shannon S.

2014-01-01

Alcohol and amine oxidations are common reactions in laboratory and industrial synthesis of organic molecules. Aerobic oxidation methods have long been sought for these transformations, but few practical methods exist that offer advantages over traditional oxidation methods. Recently developed homogeneous Cu/TEMPO (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl) and related catalyst systems appear to fill this void. The reactions exhibit high levels of chemoselectivity and broad functional-group tolerance, and they often operate efficiently at room temperature with ambient air as the oxidant. These advances, together with their historical context and recent applications, are highlighted in this minireview. PMID:25044821

Nuclear fuel technology - Determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids - Part 2: Iron(II) reduction/cerium(IV) oxidation titrimetric method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This first edition of ISO 7097-1 together with ISO 7097-2:2004 cancels and replaces ISO 7097:1983, which has been technically revised, and ISO 9989:1996. ISO 7097 consists of the following parts, under the general title Nuclear fuel technology - Determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids: Part 1: Iron(II) reduction/potassium dichromate oxidation titrimetric method; Part 2: Iron(II) reduction/cerium(IV) oxidation titrimetric method. This part 2. of ISO 7097 describes procedures for determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids. The procedures described in the two independent parts of this International Standard are similar: this part uses a titration with cerium(IV) and ISO 7097-1 uses a titration with potassium dichromate

Nuclear fuel technology - Determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids - Part 1: Iron(II) reduction/potassium dichromate oxidation titrimetric method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This first edition of ISO 7097-1 together with ISO 7097-2:2004 cancels and replaces ISO 7097:1983, which has been technically revised, and ISO 9989:1996. ISO 7097 consists of the following parts, under the general title Nuclear fuel technology - Determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids: Part 1: Iron(II) reduction/potassium dichromate oxidation titrimetric method; Part 2: Iron(II) reduction/cerium(IV) oxidation titrimetric method. This part 1. of ISO 7097 describes procedures for the determination of uranium in solutions, uranium hexafluoride and solids. The procedures described in the two independent parts of this International Standard are similar: this part uses a titration with potassium dichromate and ISO 7097-2 uses a titration with cerium(IV)

Current antiviral drugs and their analysis in biological materials - Part II: Antivirals against hepatitis and HIV viruses.

Science.gov (United States)

Nováková, Lucie; Pavlík, Jakub; Chrenková, Lucia; Martinec, Ondřej; Červený, Lukáš

2018-01-05

This review is a Part II of the series aiming to provide comprehensive overview of currently used antiviral drugs and to show modern approaches to their analysis. While in the Part I antivirals against herpes viruses and antivirals against respiratory viruses were addressed, this part concerns antivirals against hepatitis viruses (B and C) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many novel antivirals against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV have been introduced into the clinical practice over the last decade. The recent broadening portfolio of these groups of antivirals is reflected in increasing number of developed analytical methods required to meet the needs of clinical terrain. Part II summarizes the mechanisms of action of antivirals against hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV, and HIV, their use in clinical practice, and analytical methods for individual classes. It also provides expert opinion on state of art in the field of bioanalysis of these drugs. Analytical methods reflect novelty of these chemical structures and use by far the most current approaches, such as simple and high-throughput sample preparation and fast separation, often by means of UHPLC-MS/MS. Proper method validation based on requirements of bioanalytical guidelines is an inherent part of the developed methods. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Romancização ou serialização: ou diferentes formas de tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Peter Hitchcock

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Este artigo explora a noção bakhtiniana de romancização no que se refere à sua teoria de tempo e serialização. Bakhtin, para quem o romance é histórico, mas sem história, remonta à Grécia antiga para traçar a história do romance. Sem dar a ele uma identidade fixa, compreende-o em termos de tendências e crises. A romancização, para Bakhtin, é um meio de tornar a história literária acessível a uma análise mais dialógica da forma e um modo discursivo para avaliar ideologias criticamente. Ele enfatiza a habilidade desestabilizadora do romance, sua descentralização do discurso e sua acomodação de vozes não oficiais e estrangeiras. Seu sugestivo relato histórico do desenvolvimento do romance nos permite estender seu pensamento e esboçar a romancização mais como uma condição futura do que uma lei genérica. Bakhtin oferece uma versão problemática de modernidade, na qual o romance ativa a influência do tempo sobre o presente; no entanto, por causa da propensão à crise da modernidade, o tempo é suspenso. O artigo também examina um cronotopo do romance sobre o qual Bakhtin tem pouco a dizer: o tempo/espaço da nação. Benedict Anderson e Etienne Balibar, cujos interesses incluem temas relacionados ao comparatismo, ao multiculturalismo e ao pós-colonialismo, questionam a ideia de nação por meio de análises em que o gênero romanesco é privilegiado.

O regime de dedicação exclusiva e a gestão do tempo: estudo de caso com docentes universitários.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo de Brito Quevedo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa propôs investigar o comportamento dos docentes atuantes sob regime dededicação exclusiva na UNIPAMPA, frente à gestão do tempo de trabalho e tempo livre. Oestudo teve caráter exploratório e descritivo, pois procurou compreender o comportamento deum grupo particular, configurando-se, portanto, como um estudo de caso. Escolheu-se comotécnica de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. Doze docentes foram entrevistados.Conclui-se que todos os docentes mantêm uma gestão do tempo de trabalho e do tempo livre,evidenciando que a atividade docente interfere na vida pessoal dos mesmos, principalmentena quantidade de tarefas do trabalho levadas para casa.

PERFIL SENSORIAL DE CULTIVARES DE FEIJÃO SOB DIFERENTES TEMPOS DE COZIMENTO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viviani Ruffo de OLIVEIRA

2013-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o tempo necessário de cozimento de cultivares de feijão de grãos preto e carioca, em panela de pressão doméstica, para a identificação de cultivares de melhor perfil sensorial para o consumo. Para tanto, utilizaram-se grãos de quatro cultivares de feijão: BRS Expedito, BRS Campeiro, Pérola e Carioca e o cozimento foi realizado em panela de pressão doméstica por 15, 20, 25 e 30 minutos. A avaliação do perfil sensorial foi efetuada em três etapas: seleção, treinamento para a Análise Descritiva Quantitativa (ADQ e ADQ propriamente dita, com sete avaliadores treinados. Os avaliadores reconheceram diferenças para as cultivares de feijão quanto à uniformidade da cor do grão, cor do caldo, à viscosidade, à dureza e a granulosidade. A ruptura no tegumento dos grãos foi maior à medida que se aumentou o tempo de cozimento. A dureza e a granulosidade apresentaram maiores intensidades conforme aumentou o tempo de cozimento dos grãos de feijão. A utilização de 20 a 25 minutos de cozimento em panela de pressão doméstica possibilita a identificação de cultivares de feijão de grãos preto e carioca com melhor perfil sensorial para o consumo, mantendo a integridade dos grãos cozidos.

II: Through the Western Part of the City: Charlottenburg

Science.gov (United States)

Hoffmann, Dieter

Until 1920 the city we now call Berlin was a collection of independent towns and villages — among them Charlottenburg, which was one of the most important and was the proud sister of Berlin, Prussia’s and Germany’s capital, where the wealthy and innovative bourgeoisie lived. Werner von Siemens, Germany’s pioneer in the modern electrical industry, was a prime example of that elite. His castle-like villa was located not far from today’s Ernst-Reuter-Platz at Otto-Suhr-Allee 10-16, and important parts of his enterprise expanded into the “meadows outside of Charlottenburg” during the second half of the 19th century. It was no accident that the efforts to unite Berlin’s two colleges for trade and construction (both founded around 1800) led to the foundation of a modern Technical College in Charlottenburg in 1879, today’s Technical University of Berlin. Its magnificent main building (figure 1), which was opened in 1882 by the German Emperor, was an expression of the great self-confidence of this new institution of higher learning and of Charlottenburg’s bourgeoisie. Although large parts of the building were destroyed by bombs during World War II, you can still get an impression of its monumentality from what survived at number 135 Strasse des 17. Juni.

The Effect of Montessori Method on Cognitive Tempo of Kindergarten Children

Science.gov (United States)

Kayili, Gökhan

2018-01-01

This study was undertaken to discover the effect of the Montessori Method on the cognitive tempo of 4-5-year-old children. Using an experimental pre-test-post-test paired control group design, the study sample included 60 children attending Ihsan Dogramaci Applied Nursery School (affiliated to Selcuk University, Department of Health Sciences) in…

Prenatal influences on size, velocity and tempo of infant growth: findings from three contemporary cohorts.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Costanza Pizzi

Full Text Available Studying prenatal influences of early life growth is relevant to life-course epidemiology as some of its features have been linked to the onset of later diseases.We studied the association between prenatal maternal characteristics (height, age, parity, education, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, smoking, gestational diabetes and hypertension and offspring weight trajectories in infancy using SuperImposition by Translation And Rotation (SITAR models, which parameterize growth in terms of three biologically interpretable parameters: size, velocity and tempo. We used data from three contemporary cohorts based in Portugal (GXXI, n=738, Italy (NINFEA, n=2,925, and Chile (GOCS, n=959.Estimates were generally consistent across the cohorts for maternal height, age, parity and pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity. Some exposures only affected one growth parameter (e.g. maternal height (per cm: 0.4% increase in size (95% confidence interval (CI:0.3; 0.5, others were either found to affect size and velocity (e.g. pre-pregnancy underweight vs normal weight: smaller size (-4.9%, 95% CI:-6.5; -3.3, greater velocity (5.9%, 95% CI:1.9;10.0, or to additionally influence tempo (e.g. pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity vs normal weight: increased size (7.9%, 95% CI:4.9;10.8, delayed tempo (0.26 months, 95% CI:0.11;0.41, decreased velocity (-4.9%, 95% CI: -10.8;0.9.By disentangling the growth parameters of size, velocity and tempo, we found that prenatal maternal characteristics, especially maternal smoking, pre-pregnancy overweight and underweight, parity and gestational hypertension, are associated with different aspects of infant weight growth. These results may offer insights into the mechanisms governing infant growth.

Experimentação do tempo e estilo de vida em contexto de trabalho imaterial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmem Ligia Iochins Grisci

Full Text Available Este artigo buscou responder, em contexto de trabalho imaterial, que estilo de vida decorre do uso do tempo permeado pelas tecnologias da informação e comunicação. O estudo qualitativo contou com a participação de 18 docentes horistas de instituições de ensino superior privadas. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de entrevista individual semiestruturada, com foco no uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação e no exercício do trabalho imaterial, considerando o tempo de trabalho e de não trabalho. A análise de conteúdo partiu dos dados coletados. Os resultados, em consonância com a literatura ( em especial, Bauman (2008b, Deleuze (1998, Giddens (2002, Gorz (2005 e Lazzarato e Negri (2001 (apontaram que, em contexto de trabalho imaterial, o estilo de vida é instrumentalizado pelo modo de trabalhar e pelo uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Ele se configura como uma imposição aos sujeitos que o toma na perspectiva de uma estratégia existencial consumista. Mesmo contratado por tempo fracionado em horas, o trabalho dos docentes horistas exige-lhes disponibilidade e mobilização total para o desempenho das atividades laborais, requerendo dedicação em tempo integral. Os estilos de trabalho produzem estilo de vida e sugerem que a vida está sendo convertida em trabalho nos dias de hoje, tanto pela intensificação do trabalho, como pelo prolongamento da jornada.

TEMPO functionalized C60 fullerene deposited on gold surface for catalytic oxidation of selected alcohols

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Piotrowski, Piotr; Pawłowska, Joanna; Sadło, Jarosław Grzegorz; Bilewicz, Renata; Kaim, Andrzej

2017-01-01

C 60 TEMPO 10 catalytic system linked to a microspherical gold support through a covalent S-Au bond was developed. The C 60 TEMPO 10 @Au composite catalyst had a particle size of 0.5–0.8 μm and was covered with the fullerenes derivative of 2.3 nm diameter bearing ten nitroxyl groups; the organic film showed up to 50 nm thickness. The catalytic composite allowed for the oxidation under mild conditions of various primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehyde and ketone analogues with efficiencies as high as 79–98%, thus giving values typical for homogeneous catalysis, while retaining at the same time all the advantages of heterogeneous catalysis, e.g., easy separation by filtration from the reaction mixture. The catalytic activity of the resulting system was studied by means of high pressure liquid chromatography. A redox mechanism was proposed for the process. In the catalytic cycle of the oxidation process, the TEMPO moiety was continuously regenerated in situ with an applied primary oxidant, for example, O 2 /Fe 3+ system. The new intermediate composite components and the final catalyst were characterized by various spectroscopic methods and thermogravimetry.

ANÁLISE DE DESEMPENHO EM REDES IEEE 802.3 APLICADO PARA SISTEMA DE TEMPO REAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Alexsandro de Medeiros Valentim

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A tecnologia Ethernet domina o mercado de rede local de computadores. No entanto, não foi estabelecida como uma tecnologia para automação industrial, onde o determinismo procura os requisitos com um desempenho de tempo real. Muitas soluções têm sido propostas para resolver o problema do determinismo não, que se baseiam principalmente no TDMA (acesso múltiplo por divisão de tempo, passagem de token e mestre-escravo. É neste contexto que este trabalho é realizado, através de medidas de desempenho em redes de comunicação que utilizam o padrão IEEE 802.3, observando o comportamento destas redes, quando submetidos a diferentes cenários de sobrecarga. Para isso, as variações foram aprovadas em ambiente de teste, que será baseado em Shared Ethernet (Hub, Ethernet e Ethernet Switch com prioridade (IEEE 802.1Q. Desta forma, é possível indicar quais os dispositivos analisados pelos testes de desempenho demonstrado um comportamento mais adequado para suportar as aplicações com requisitos de tempo real.

Music in the exercise domain: a review and synthesis (Part II).

Science.gov (United States)

Karageorghis, Costas I; Priest, David-Lee

2012-03-01

Since a 1997 review by Karageorghis and Terry, which highlighted the state of knowledge and methodological weaknesses, the number of studies investigating musical reactivity in relation to exercise has swelled considerably. In this two-part review paper, the development of conceptual approaches and mechanisms underlying the effects of music are explicated (Part I), followed by a critical review and synthesis of empirical work (spread over Parts I and II). Pre-task music has been shown to optimise arousal, facilitate task-relevant imagery and improve performance in simple motoric tasks. During repetitive, endurance-type activities, self-selected, motivational and stimulative music has been shown to enhance affect, reduce ratings of perceived exertion, improve energy efficiency and lead to increased work output. There is evidence to suggest that carefully selected music can promote ergogenic and psychological benefits during high-intensity exercise, although it appears to be ineffective in reducing perceptions of exertion beyond the anaerobic threshold. The effects of music appear to be at their most potent when it is used to accompany self-paced exercise or in externally valid conditions. When selected according to its motivational qualities, the positive impact of music on both psychological state and performance is magnified. Guidelines are provided for future research and exercise practitioners.

A teia, a tela e o tempo: internet e história do tempo presente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Eurico Rodrigues

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O enfoque deste artigo será uma apresentação da pesquisa em história e Internet, pensando esta como um documento dentro dos estudos da História da Cultura Escrita e da Leitura. Ao propiciar novas formas de ler e escrever na contemporaneidade, a Internet perpassa por várias modalidades tais como os comunicadores instantâneos (MIRC e MSN, as redes sociais (Orkut, Facebook, notícias, vídeos entre outros. Com destaque a novos mecanismos de sociabilidade que funcionam como mediadores para interação entre grupos que utilizam as redes sociais. Os documentos são abordados na perspectiva da História do Tempo Presente, que possibilita pensarmos um passado-presente, em que os recuos e aproximações com as fontes são possibilitados pelas escolhas do historiador que problematiza este Presente Palavras-chave: História; Escrita; Leitura; Redes de Relações Sociais.

Selective Exposure to and Acquisition of Information from Educational Television Programs as a Function of Appeal and Tempo of Background Music.

Science.gov (United States)

Wakshlag, Jacob J.; And Others

1982-01-01

The effect of educational television background music on selective exposure and information acquisition was studied. Background music of slow tempo, regardless of its appeal, had negligible effects on attention and information acquisition. Rhythmic, fast-tempo background music, especially when appealing, significantly reduced visual attention to…

Nos tempos de Asclépio: a suposta engenharia genética de Platão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sussumo Matsui

2016-01-01

Full Text Available A descrição do papel da medicina no Livro III da República pode facilmente deixar o leitor constrangido. O trecho defende que a medicina deveria se espelhar nas práticas do tempo de Asclépio. Neste tempo, a medicina tinha um papel político de não prolongar a vida dos cidadãos tomados pela doença e nem deixá-los procriar. Frente a estas declarações, surgiram várias interpretações que vão desde o totalitarismo de Popper até a ironia de Strauss. Para uma melhor compreensão do texto, seria necessária a interlocução com a medicina hipocrática e com as práticas médicas do tempo dos séculos V e IV aEN. Contudo, a passagem em questão não se reduz ao contexto histórico, mas apresenta uma crítica válida ainda na atualidade.

Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Mito-Tempo Protects Against Aldosterone-Induced Renal Injury In Vivo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wei Ding

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Background/Aims: Growing evidence suggests mitochondrial dysfunction (MtD and the Nlrp3 inflammasome play critical roles in chronic kidney disease (CKD progression. We previously reported that Aldosterone (Aldo-induced renal injury in vitro is directly caused by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS-mediated activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome. Here we aimed to determine whether a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (Mito-Tempo could prevent Aldo-induced kidney damage in vivo. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were treated with Aldo and/or Mito-Tempo (or ethanol as a control for 4 weeks. Renal injury was evaluated by Periodic Acid-Schiff reagent or Masson’s trichrome staining and electron microscopy. ROS were measured by DCFDA fluorescence and ELISA. MtD was determined by real-time PCR and electron microscopy. Activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS was detected via western blot. Results: Compared with control mice, Aldo-infused mice showed impaired renal function, increased mtROS production and MtD, Nlrp3 inflammasome activation, and elevated ERS. We showed administration of Mito-Tempo significantly improved renal function and MtD, and reduced Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and ERS in vivo. Conclusion: Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may attenuate Aldo-infused renal injury by inhibiting MtD, the Nlrp3 inflammasome, and ERS in vivo. Therefore, targeting mtROS might be an effective strategy for preventing CKD.

Presente: o tempo do jornalismo e seus desdobramentos

OpenAIRE

Dalmonte, Edson

2010-01-01

p. 328-344 Discute a noção de temporalidade no campo do jornalismo. Partindo do princípio de que a atualidade é a base da narrativa jornalística, reflete acerca dos dispositivos empregados para dar densidade ao presente: o passado, como elemento da memória e o futuro, como projeção. Dessa forma, procura entender os modos a partir dos quais o jornalismo estabelece estratégias capazes de criar o sentido de "presentificação", simulando a ideia de atualidade, o que coloca num mesmo plano tempo...

Dissociation Behavior of a TEMPO-Active Ester Cross-Linker for Peptide Structure Analysis by Free Radical Initiated Peptide Sequencing (FRIPS) in Negative ESI-MS.

Science.gov (United States)

Hage, Christoph; Ihling, Christian H; Götze, Michael; Schäfer, Mathias; Sinz, Andrea

2017-01-01

We have synthesized a homobifunctional amine-reactive cross-linking reagent, containing a TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxy) and a benzyl group (Bz), termed TEMPO-Bz-linker, to derive three-dimensional structural information of proteins. The aim for designing this novel cross-linker was to facilitate the mass spectrometric analysis of cross-linked products by free radical initiated peptide sequencing (FRIPS). In an initial study, we had investigated the fragmentation behavior of TEMPO-Bz-derivatized peptides upon collision activation in (+)-electrospray ionization collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-CID-MS/MS) experiments. In addition to the homolytic NO-C bond cleavage FRIPS pathway delivering the desired odd-electron product ions, an alternative heterolytic NO-C bond cleavage, resulting in even-electron product ions mechanism was found to be relevant. The latter fragmentation route clearly depends on the protonation of the TEMPO-Bz-moiety itself, which motivated us to conduct (-)-ESI-MS, CID-MS/MS, and MS 3 experiments of TEMPO-Bz-cross-linked peptides to further clarify the fragmentation behavior of TEMPO-Bz-peptide molecular ions. We show that the TEMPO-Bz-linker is highly beneficial for conducting FRIPS in negative ionization mode as the desired homolytic cleavage of the NO-C bond is the major fragmentation pathway. Based on characteristic fragments, the isomeric amino acids leucine and isoleucine could be discriminated. Interestingly, we observed pronounced amino acid side chain losses in cross-linked peptides if the cross-linked peptides contain a high number of acidic amino acids. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.

Characterization of cDNA for human tripeptidyl peptidase II: The N-terminal part of the enzyme is similar to subtilisin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tomkinson, B.; Jonsson, A-K

1991-01-01

Tripeptidyl peptidase II is a high molecular weight serine exopeptidase, which has been purified from rat liver and human erythrocytes. Four clones, representing 4453 bp, or 90% of the mRNA of the human enzyme, have been isolated from two different cDNA libraries. One clone, designated A2, was obtained after screening a human B-lymphocyte cDNA library with a degenerated oligonucleotide mixture. The B-lymphocyte cDNA library, obtained from human fibroblasts, were rescreened with a 147 bp fragment from the 5' part of the A2 clone, whereby three different overlapping cDNA clones could be isolated. The deduced amino acid sequence, 1196 amino acid residues, corresponding to the longest open rading frame of the assembled nucleotide sequence, was compared to sequences of current databases. This revealed a 56% similarity between the bacterial enzyme subtilisin and the N-terminal part of tripeptidyl peptidase II. The enzyme was found to be represented by two different mRNAs of 4.2 and 5.0 kilobases, respectively, which probably result from the utilziation of two different polyadenylation sites. Futhermore, cDNA corresponding to both the N-terminal and C-terminal part of tripeptidyl peptidase II hybridized with genomic DNA from mouse, horse, calf, and hen, even under fairly high stringency conditions, indicating that tripeptidyl peptidase II is highly conserved

GRAMSCI E A FILOSOFIA POLÍTICA DE SEU TEMPO

OpenAIRE

José Carlos Freire

2011-01-01

O presente artigo procura refletir sobre o modo pelo qual Gramsci debate com os autores de seu tempo, a fim de recolocar o marxismo no terreno da história e da dialética. Tomamos como referência o confronto de Gramsci com o neo-idealismo italiano, representado por Benedetto Croce, e com o marxismo economicista, representado por Nicolai Bukharin. Com isso, procuraremos analisar se Gramsci seria autenticamente um marxista ou, dito de outro modo, até que ponto ele teria se afastado de Marx pela ...

Relationship between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference

OpenAIRE

Karageorghis, CI; Jones, L; Low, DC

2006-01-01

The present study examined the predicted positive and linear relationship (Iwanaga, 1995a,1995b) between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference. Initially, 128 undergraduates (M 3 age = 20.0 years, SD = 0.9 years) were surveyed to establish their three favorite music artists of all time. A separate experimental group of 29 undergraduates (M age = 20.3 years, SD = 1.2 years) selected the music of a single artist from a choice of the three highest-rated artists from the earlier survey. ...

TEMPO-oxidized Konjac glucomannan as appliance for the preparation of hard capsules

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Chen, Yuying; Zhao, Huiying; Liu, Xianwu; Li, Zusen; Liu, Bin; Wu, Jiande; Shi, Mengxuan; Norde, Willem; Li, Yuan

2016-01-01

TEMPO-oxidized Konjac glucomannan (OKGM) was developed as new material for preparing vegetarian hard capsules. OKGM of different degrees of oxidation: DO30%, DO50%, and DO80% were prepared to select optimum DO for capsule formation. FT-IR results proved that the primary alcohol groups on KGM were

Effects of Articulation Styles on Perception of Modulated Tempos in Violin Excerpts

Science.gov (United States)

Geringer, John M.; Madsen, Clifford K.; Macleod, Rebecca B.

2007-01-01

We investigated effects of legato, staccato and pizzicato articulation styles on the perception of modulated tempos. Seventy-two music majors served as participants. Two solo violin excerpts were chosen with contrasting rhythmic rates and were recorded in all three articulation styles. Examples were presented to listeners in three conditions of…

Practical aerobic oxidations of alcohols and amines with homogeneous copper/TEMPO and related catalyst systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Ryland, Bradford L; Stahl, Shannon S

2014-08-18

Oxidations of alcohols and amines are common reactions in the synthesis of organic molecules in the laboratory and industry. Aerobic oxidation methods have long been sought for these transformations, but few practical methods exist that offer advantages over traditional oxidation methods. Recently developed homogeneous Cu/TEMPO (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-N-oxyl) and related catalyst systems appear to fill this void. The reactions exhibit high levels of chemoselectivity and broad functional-group tolerance, and they often operate efficiently at room temperature with ambient air as the oxidant. These advances, together with their historical context and recent applications, are highlighted in this Minireview. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Rise, fall and resurrection of chromosome territories: a historical perspective Part II. Fall and resurrection of chromosome territories during the 1950s to 1980s. Part III. Chromosome territories and the functional nuclear architecture: experiments and m

OpenAIRE

T Cremer; C Cremer

2009-01-01

Part II of this historical review on the progress of nuclear architecture studies points out why the original hypothesis of chromosome territories from Carl Rabl and Theodor Boveri (described in part I) was abandoned during the 1950s and finally proven by compelling evidence forwarded by laser-uvmicrobeam studies and in situ hybridization experiments. Part II also includes a section on the development of advanced light microscopic techniques breaking the classical Abbe limit written for reade...

Andrej Belyj. Sinfonia (2-a, la drammatica. E il tempo scorreva senza sosta…

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giuseppina Giuliano

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Andrej Belyj (1913-1914, esordisce nel 1902 con un’opera che inaugura in Russia il genere letterario della sinfonia. Nell’introduzione a Sinfonia (2-a, la drammatica Belyj spiega che l’opera «ha tre significati: uno musicale, uno satirico e uno ideologico-simbolico».  Dal «significato musicale», che porta l’autore a «dividere la sinfonia in parti, le parti in frammenti e i frammenti in versi (frasi musicali», nasce il genere misto di prosa e poesia di cui Belyj si serve per enfatizzare il contenuto mistico, satirico e grottesco dell’opera, che caratterizzerà poi anche Pietroburgo. Nella Seconda sinfonia}Belyj prende di mira i gruppi di mistici che andavano formandosi all’inizio del Novecento a Mosca e Pietroburgo, citando esplicitamente o raffigurando velatamente personaggi reali del mondo della letteratura, dell’arte e della filosofia, come Vladimir Solov’ev (1853-1900, Dmitrij Merežkovskij (1865-1941 e altri.  Motivi strettamente autobiografici vengono così presentati sotto forma di immagini grottesche e iperboliche, alternate a momenti di estremo lirismo. Al «significato musicale» è legata anche la particolare scansione del tempo in cui si dispiega la trama dell’opera, che inizia con il lento trascorrere di un’intera giornata e accelera poi nel passare dei mesi e delle stagioni per ritornare, ciclicamente e drammaticamente, al punto di partenza. Questo procedimento artistico è ben sintetizzato in uno dei leitmotive dell’opera: «E il tempo scorreva senza sosta, e nello scorrere del tempo si rifletteva l’Eternità brumosa». Andrei Bely (1880-1934, poet, novelist, theorist and literary critic of the Russian Symbolist movement, author of the famous novel in rhythmic prose Petersburg (1913-1914, made his literary debut in 1902 with a work introducing in Russia a new literary genre, the symphony. In the introduction to The Dramatic Symphony, Bely explains that the work «has three meanings: a musical

A filled duration illusion in music: Effects of metrical subdivision on the perception and production of beat tempo.

Science.gov (United States)

Repp, Bruno H; Bruttomesso, Meijin

2010-01-13

This study replicates and extends previous findings suggesting that metrical subdivision slows the perceived beat tempo (Repp, 2008). Here, musically trained participants produced the subdivisions themselves and were found to speed up, thus compensating for the perceived slowing. This was shown in a synchronization-continuation paradigm (Experiment 1) and in a reproduction task (Experiment 2a). Participants also judged the tempo of a subdivided sequence as being slower than that of a preceding simple beat sequence (Experiment 2b). Experiment 2 also included nonmusician participants, with similar results. Tempo measurements of famous pianists' recordings of two variation movements from Beethoven sonatas revealed a strong tendency to play the first variation (subdivided beats) faster than the theme (mostly simple beats). A similar tendency was found in musicians' laboratory performances of a simple theme and variations, despite instruc-tions to keep the tempo constant (Experiment 3a). When playing melodic sequences in which only one of three beats per measure was subdivided, musicians tended to play these beats faster and to perceive them as longer than adjacent beats, and they played the whole sequence faster than a sequence without any subdivisions (Experiments 3b and 3c). The results amply demonstrate a filled duration illusion in rhythm perception and music performance: Intervals containing events seem longer than empty intervals and thus must be shortened to be perceived as equal in duration.

A concepção do tempo em Bergson e sua relação com a teoria da relatividade de Einstein

OpenAIRE

Daniel Siqueira Pereira

2008-01-01

A presente dissertação trata da relação entre o conceito de tempo tal como foi pensado pelo filósofo francês Henri Bergson (1859-1941) e pelo físico alemão Albert Einstein (1879-1955). Ambos foram contemporâneos e tiveram a chance de confrontar suas opiniões discordantes sobre a natureza do tempo. Em seu polêmico ensaio Duração e Simultaneidade (1922), Bergson expôs sua teoria sobre tempo, pensado enquanto duração, já levando em conta a teoria da relatividade de Einstein. O ob...

A STUDY OF TIME MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVE AS A TOOL FOR INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND PERSONAL ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO TEMPO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A GESTÃO EFICAZ DO TEMPO COMO FERRAMENTA PARA O AUMENTO DA PRODUTIVIDADE E WORK LIFE BALANCE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria do Carmo Ferreira Lima

2011-05-01

Full Text Available

Time Management has been a topic of high relevance, and subject of extensive discussion, especially in the corporate world. Since the first studies of Classical Administration, as for example the "Motion and Time Study," conducted by Taylor, at the time of the Industrial Revolution, through the Technological Revolution in the early 1990s until today, there have always been questions about how it would be possible to better manage time. The challenge is not to manage time, but relationships managed by professionals. The aim of this study was to understand how the adoption of techniques of Time Management can serve as a tool for increasing productivity and balance the career versus personal life. The literature review was supported by a survey in two stages. The first step applied as descriptive, with the intention of identifying what were called "time wasters" most common within the sample surveyed and diagnose the profile time management of all the participants. In the later stage, we performed a case study, in which, for a period of 30 days, voluntary participants were instructed to use some tools such as software and forms available on the market for organization and effective time management. The results proved that a considerable number of people do not know how to manage and take their time and suffering from the negative effects of work overload and lack of motivation that is constantly tied to this scenario. The outcome of the case study found that the tools of organization and time management are available and promote good improvement in how you manage time. But you need commitment and discipline that uses these mechanisms, since the change in how they manage their time is primarily a behavioral change.

A Administração do Tempo vem sendo um tema de alta relevância, e muito discutido, principalmente no mundo corporativo. Desde os primeiros estudos da Administração Clássica, como o �

Poesia e cinema: uma forma de representação do mundo e do tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Lúcia Costa Barbosa

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Este artigo visa a analisar a técnica compositiva de três poemas de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, a saber: “Consideração do poema” “Procura de poesia” e “Canto ao homem do povo Charlie Chaplin”, presentes em A rosa do povo, escrito entre 1943 a 1945. Os dois primeiros poemas mereceram de diferentes críticos análises diversas. Alguns assumem posições divergentes, reconhecendo-se no primeiro a função predominante da linguagem, enquanto o outro estaria mais atrelado ao compromisso social. Outras tendências críticas defendem que os dois poemas compõem um todo coerente, estando, ambos, erigidos de acordo com a concepção dialética de gênero lírico. Propõe-se, também, a discutir as relações entre poesia e cinema, entendendo-os como formas de representação cultural de um tempo histórico. O “Canto ao homem do povo Charlie Chaplin” estabelece um diálogo com seu tempo, abordando temas como a luta pela sobrevivência, o protesto contra a fome e a brutalidade dos tempos modernos.

Utilização do TEMPO (N-oxil-2,2,6,6-tetrametilpiperidina na oxidação de álcoois primários e secundários The use of TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcus Vinícius Nora de Souza

2004-04-01

Full Text Available The oxidation of alcohols to obtain ketones, aldehydes or carboxylic acids is a fundamental transformation in organic synthesis and many reagents are known for these conversions. However, there is still a demand for mild and selective reagents for the oxidation of alcohols in the presence of other functional groups. As an alternative, the nitroxyl radical TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl has been demonstrated to be a useful reagent for the transformation of alcohols. The oxidation of alcohols using TEMPO is often efficient, fast, selective, made in mild conditions and can tolerate sensitive functional groups. In this article we report different methodologies using TEMPO in the oxidation of alcohols.

Part I: quantum fluctuations in chains of Josephson junctions. Part II: directed aggregation on the Bethe lattice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bradley, R.M.

1985-01-01

Part I studies the effect of quantum fluctuations of the phase on the low temperature behavior of two models of Josephson junction chains with Coulomb interactions taken into account. The first model, which represents a chain of junctions close to a ground plane, is the Hamiltonian version of the two-dimensional XY model in one space and one time dimension. In the second model, the charging energy for a single junction in the chain is just the parallel-plate capacitor energy. It is shown that quantum fluctuations produce exponential decay of the order parameter correlation junction for any finite value of the junction capacitance. Part II deals with two types of directed aggregation on the Bethe lattice - directed diffusion-limited aggregation DDLA and ballistic aggregation (BA). In the DDLA problem on finite lattices, an exact nonlinear recursion relation is constructed for the probability distribution of the density. The mean density tends to zero as the lattice size is taken into infinity. Using a mapping between the model with perfect adhesion on contact and another model with a particular value of the adhesion probability, it is shown that the adhesion probability is irrelevant over an interval of values

Design of site specific radiopharmaceuticals for tumor imaging. (Parts I and II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Dort, M.E.

1983-01-01

Part I. Synthetic methods were developed for the preparation of several iodinated benzoic acid hydrazides as labeling moieties for indirect tagging of carbonyl-containing bio-molecules and potential tumor-imaging agents. Biodistribution studies conducted in mice on the derivatives having the I-125 label ortho to a phenolic OH demonstrated a rapid in vivo deiodination. Part II. The reported high melanin binding affinity of quinoline and other heterocyclic antimalarial drugs led to the development of many analogues of such molecules as potential melanoma-imaging agents. Once such analogue iodochloroquine does exhibit high melanin binding, but has found limited clinical use due to appreciable accumulation in non-target tissues such as the adrenal cortex and inner ear. This project developed a new series of candidate melanoma imaging agents which would be easier to radio-label, could yield higher specific activity product, and which might demonstrate more favorable pharmacokinetic and dosimetric characteristics compared to iodochloroquine

Developing guidelines for economic evaluation of environmental impacts in EIAs. Part II: Case studies and dose-response literature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

This Part II of the report contains full versions of the case studies for air, water and land (Chapters 2-4), which were only summarised in Part I. In addition, during the work the research team has collected a large amount of literature and information on dose response relationships for air and water pollution relevant to China. This information is included as Chapters 5 and 6

Developing guidelines for economic evaluation of environmental impacts in EIAs. Part II: Case studies and dose-response literature

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-07-01

This Part II of the report contains full versions of the case studies for air, water and land (Chapters 2-4), which were only summarised in Part I. In addition, during the work the research team has collected a large amount of literature and information on dose response relationships for air and water pollution relevant to China. This information is included as Chapters 5 and 6.

Repository Planning, Design, and Engineering: Part II-Equipment and Costing.

Science.gov (United States)

Baird, Phillip M; Gunter, Elaine W

2016-08-01

Part II of this article discusses and provides guidance on the equipment and systems necessary to operate a repository. The various types of storage equipment and monitoring and support systems are presented in detail. While the material focuses on the large repository, the requirements for a small-scale startup are also presented. Cost estimates and a cost model for establishing a repository are presented. The cost model presents an expected range of acquisition costs for the large capital items in developing a repository. A range of 5,000-7,000 ft(2) constructed has been assumed, with 50 frozen storage units, to reflect a successful operation with growth potential. No design or engineering costs, permit or regulatory costs, or smaller items such as the computers, software, furniture, phones, and barcode readers required for operations have been included.

Plants, Pollution and Public Engagement with Atmospheric Chemistry: Sharing the TEMPO Story Through Ozone Garden Activities

Science.gov (United States)

Reilly, L. G.; Pippin, M. R.; Malick, E.; Summers, D.; Dussault, M. E.; Wright, E. A.; Skelly, J.

2016-12-01

What do a snap-bean plant and a future NASA satellite instrument named TEMPO have in common? They are both indicators of the quality of the air we breathe. Scientists, educators, and museum and student collaborators of the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring Pollution (TEMPO) instrument team are developing a program model to engage learners of all ages via public ozone garden exhibits and associated activities. TEMPO, an ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy instrument due for launch on a geostationary host satellite between 2019 and 2021, will scan North America hourly to measure the major elements in the tropospheric ozone chemistry cycle, providing near real-time data with high temporal and spatial resolution. The TEMPO mission provides a unique opportunity to share the story of the effects of air quality on living organisms. A public ozone garden exhibit affords an accessible way to understand atmospheric science through a connection with nature, while providing a visual representation of the impact of ozone pollution on living organisms. A prototype ozone garden exhibit was established at the Virginia Living Museum in partnership with NASA Langley, and has served as a site to formatively evaluate garden planting and exhibit display protocols, hands-on interpretive activities, and citizen science data collection protocols for learners as young as 3 to 10 as well as older adults. The fun and engaging activities, optimized for adult-child interaction in informal or free-choice learning environments, are aimed at developing foundational science skills such as observing, comparing, classifying, and collecting and making sense of data in the context of thinking about air quality - all NGSS-emphasized scientific practices, as well as key capabilities for future contributing members of the citizen science community. As the launch of TEMPO approaches, a major public engagement effort will include disseminating this ozone garden exhibit and program model to a network of

Musicians are more consistent: Gestural cross-modal mappings of pitch, loudness and tempo in real-time

Science.gov (United States)

Küssner, Mats B.; Tidhar, Dan; Prior, Helen M.; Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel

2014-01-01

Cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli reveal valuable insights into how humans make sense of sound and music. Whereas researchers have investigated cross-modal mappings of sound features varied in isolation within paradigms such as speeded classification and forced-choice matching tasks, investigations of representations of concurrently varied sound features (e.g., pitch, loudness and tempo) with overt gestures—accounting for the intrinsic link between movement and sound—are scant. To explore the role of bodily gestures in cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli we asked 64 musically trained and untrained participants to represent pure tones—continually sounding and concurrently varied in pitch, loudness and tempo—with gestures while the sound stimuli were played. We hypothesized musical training to lead to more consistent mappings between pitch and height, loudness and distance/height, and tempo and speed of hand movement and muscular energy. Our results corroborate previously reported pitch vs. height (higher pitch leading to higher elevation in space) and tempo vs. speed (increasing tempo leading to increasing speed of hand movement) associations, but also reveal novel findings pertaining to musical training which influenced consistency of pitch mappings, annulling a commonly observed bias for convex (i.e., rising–falling) pitch contours. Moreover, we reveal effects of interactions between musical parameters on cross-modal mappings (e.g., pitch and loudness on speed of hand movement), highlighting the importance of studying auditory stimuli concurrently varied in different musical parameters. Results are discussed in light of cross-modal cognition, with particular emphasis on studies within (embodied) music cognition. Implications for theoretical refinements and potential clinical applications are provided. PMID:25120506

Musicians are more consistent: Gestural cross-modal mappings of pitch, loudness and tempo in real-time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mats B. Küssner

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli reveal valuable insights into how humans make sense of sound and music. Whereas researchers have investigated cross-modal mappings of sound features varied in isolation within paradigms such as speeded classification and forced-choice matching tasks, investigations of representations of concurrently varied sound features (e.g., pitch, loudness and tempo with overt gestures—accounting for the intrinsic link between movement and sound—are scant. To explore the role of bodily gestures in cross-modal mappings of auditory stimuli we asked sixty-four musically trained and untrained participants to represent pure tones—continually sounding and concurrently varied in pitch, loudness and tempo—with gestures while the sound stimuli were played. We hypothesised musical training to lead to more consistent mappings between pitch and height, loudness and distance/height, and tempo and speed of hand movement and muscular energy.Our results corroborate previously reported pitch vs. height (higher pitch leading to higher elevation in space and tempo vs. speed (increasing tempo leading to increasing speed of hand movement associations, but also reveal novel findings pertaining to musical training which influenced consistency of pitch mappings, annulling a commonly observed bias for convex (i.e. rising-falling pitch contours. Moreover, we reveal effects of interactions between musical parameters on cross-modal mappings (e.g., pitch and loudness on speed of hand movement, highlighting the importance of studying auditory stimuli concurrently varied in different musical parameters. Results are discussed in light of cross-modal cognition, with particular emphasis on studies within (embodied music cognition. Implications for theoretical refinements and potential clinical applications are provided.

Concentrações salinas combinadas com tempos de hidratação: efeito no tempo de cocção em feijão Salts concentrations in combination with soaking time: effect in bean cooking time

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliano Garcia Bertoldo

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar o efeito da adição de diferentes doses de NaCl na água de hidratação, durante diferentes tempos, buscando uma redução no tempo de cocção. O Brasil, embora seja considerado um grande produtor e um dos maiores consumidores de feijão, está reduzindo gradativamente o consumo. Sendo assim, é necessário dispor de técnicas que facilitem o preparo do feijão, podendo dessa forma reverter a tendência de consumo e como consequência incentivar a produção. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto de Melhoramento e Genética Molecular da UDESC - IMEGEM, em Lages - SC. Foram avaliados os efeitos de três concentrações de NaCL (0, 50 e 125 g.L-1 em dois genótipos de feijão (Pérola e IPR Uirapuru hidratados durante três tempos (0,5, 9 e 18 horas. Os resultados revelaram um efeito significativo das doses de NaCl na redução do tempo de cocção. A adição de 56,50 g.L-1 de NaCl foi suficiente para reduzir significativamente o tempo de cocção. A hidratação dos grãos de feijão propiciou a redução no tempo de cocção, sendo necessárias 12,5 horas para a máxima hidratação, independente dos genótipos avaliados.This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding different doses of NaCl in hydration water, during different times, in order to reduce cooking time. Although considered a major producer and one of the largest bean consumers, Brazil has been experiencing a gradual decrease in consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to facilitate the preparation of beans to increase its consumption and production. This study was conducted at the experimental area of the Institute of Molecular Genetics and Plant Breeding at UDESC - IMEGEM, in the city of Lages, SC-Brazil. We evaluated the effect of three doses of NaCL (0, 50 e 125 g L-1 in two genotypes of beans (Pérola and IPR Uirapuru, hydrated at three different times (0.5, 9, and 18 hours. The results revealed a

Three Mile Island: a report to the commissioners and to the public. Volume II, Part 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1979-01-01

This is part one of three parts of the second volume of the Special Inquiry Group's report to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission on the accident at Three Mile Island. The first volume contained a narrative description of the accident and a discussion of the major conclusions and recommendations. This second volume is divided into three parts. Part 1 of Volume II focuses on the pre-accident licensing and regulatory background. This part includes an examination of the overall licensing and regulatory system for nuclear powerplants viewed from different perspectives: the system as it is set forth in statutes and regulations, as described in Congressional testimony, and an overview of the system as it really works. In addition, Part 1 includes the licensing, operating, and inspection history of Three Mile Island Unit 2, discussions of relevant regulatory matters, a discussion of specific precursor events related to the accident, a case study of the pressurizer design issue, and an analysis of incentives to declare commercial operation

The currency and tempo of extinction.

Science.gov (United States)

Regan, H M; Lupia, R; Drinnan, A N; Burgman, M A

2001-01-01

This study examines estimates of extinction rates for the current purported biotic crisis and from the fossil record. Studies that compare current and geological extinctions sometimes use metrics that confound different sources of error and reflect different features of extinction processes. The per taxon extinction rate is a standard measure in paleontology that avoids some of the pitfalls of alternative approaches. Extinction rates reported in the conservation literature are rarely accompanied by measures of uncertainty, despite many elements of the calculations being subject to considerable error. We quantify some of the most important sources of uncertainty and carry them through the arithmetic of extinction rate calculations using fuzzy numbers. The results emphasize that estimates of current and future rates rely heavily on assumptions about the tempo of extinction and on extrapolations among taxa. Available data are unlikely to be useful in measuring magnitudes or trends in current extinction rates.

Market Analysis and Consumer Impacts Source Document. Part II. Review of Motor Vehicle Market and Consumer Expenditures on Motor Vehicle Transportation

Science.gov (United States)

1980-12-01

This source document on motor vehicle market analysis and consumer impacts consists of three parts. Part II consists of studies and review on: motor vehicle sales trends; motor vehicle fleet life and fleet composition; car buying patterns of the busi...

Efetividade de um protocolo assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão da angioplastia primária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Cláudio Lemos Correia

2013-07-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Tempo porta-balão adequado (< 120 minutos é a condição necessária para que a eficácia da angioplastia primária no infarto se traduza em efetividade. OBJETIVO: Descrever a efetividade de um protocolo de qualidade assistencial para redução do tempo porta-balão. MÉTODOS: Entre maio de 2010 e agosto de 2012, foram analisados todos os indivíduos que realizaram angioplastia primária em nosso hospital. O momento porta foi registrado eletronicamente, pela retirada de senha para atendimento na emergência, o que antecede o preenchimento da ficha e a triagem. O momento balão foi definido como o início da abertura da artéria (passagem do primeiro dispositivo. Os primeiros 5 meses de monitoramento corresponderam ao período pré-implementação do protocolo. O protocolo se constituiu de definição do fluxo de ações, desde a chegada do paciente ao hospital, a sensibilização da equipe quanto à priorização do tempo e a apresentação periódica de parecer dos resultados e de possíveis inadequações. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 50 indivíduos, divididos em cinco grupos de 10 pacientes sequenciais (um grupo pré e quatro grupos pós-protocolo. O tempo porta-balão referente aos 10 casos registrados antes da implementação do protocolo foi de 200 ± 77 minutos. Após a implementação do protocolo, houve progressiva melhora do tempo porta-balão, para 142 ± 78 minutos nos 10 primeiros pacientes, seguida de 150±50 minutos, 131±37 minutos e, finalmente, 116 ± 29 minutos no três grupos sequenciais de 10 pacientes, respectivamente. Regressão linear entre pacientes sequenciais e tempo porta-balão (r = - 0,41 evidenciou coeficiente de regressão de - 1,74 minutos. CONCLUSÃO: A implementação do protocolo se mostrou efetiva na redução do tempo porta-balão.

Injectable TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose/biphasic calcium phosphate hydrogel for bone regeneration.

Science.gov (United States)

Safwat, Engie; Hassan, Mohammad L; Saniour, Sayed; Zaki, Dalia Yehia; Eldeftar, Mervat; Saba, Dalia; Zazou, Mohamed

2018-05-01

Nanofibrillated cellulose, obtained from rice straw agricultural wastes was used as a substrate for the preparation of a new injectable and mineralized hydrogel for bone regeneration. Tetramethyl pyridine oxyl (TEMPO) oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose, was mineralized through the incorporation of a prepared and characterized biphasic calcium phosphate at a fixed ratio of 50 wt%. The TEMPO-oxidized rice straw nanofibrillated cellulose was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and carboxylic content determination. The injectability and viscosity of the prepared hydrogel were evaluated using universal testing machine and rheometer testing, respectively. Cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase level tests on osteoblast like-cells for in vitro assessment of the biocompatibility were investigated. Results revealed that the isolated rice straw nanofibrillated cellulose is a nanocomposite of the cellulose nanofibers and silica nanoparticles. Rheological properties of the tested materials are suitable for use as injectable material and of nontoxic effect on osteoblast-like cells, as revealed by the positive alkaline phosphate assay. However, nanofibrillated cellulose/ biphasic calcium phosphate hydrogel showed higher cytotoxicity and lower bioactivity test results when compared to that of nanofibrillated cellulose.

Quantitative impact of aerosols on numerical weather prediction. Part II: Impacts to IR radiance assimilation

Science.gov (United States)

Marquis, J. W.; Campbell, J. R.; Oyola, M. I.; Ruston, B. C.; Zhang, J.

2017-12-01

This is part II of a two-part series examining the impacts of aerosol particles on weather forecasts. In this study, the aerosol indirect effects on weather forecasts are explored by examining the temperature and moisture analysis associated with assimilating dust contaminated hyperspectral infrared radiances. The dust induced temperature and moisture biases are quantified for different aerosol vertical distribution and loading scenarios. The overall impacts of dust contamination on temperature and moisture forecasts are quantified over the west coast of Africa, with the assistance of aerosol retrievals from AERONET, MPL, and CALIOP. At last, methods for improving hyperspectral infrared data assimilation in dust contaminated regions are proposed.

International Working Group on Fast Reactors Eight Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria, 15-18 April 1975. Summary Report. Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1975-07-01

The Eighth Annual Meeting of the IAEA International Working Group on Past Reactors was held at the IAEA Headquarters in Vienna, Austria, from 15 to 18 April 1975. The Summary Report (Part I) contains the Minutes of the Meeting. The Summary Report (Part II) contains the papers which review the national programmes in the field of LMPBR’s and other presentations at the Meeting. The Summary Report (Part III) contains the discussions on the review of the national programmes

Social class, political power, and the state: their implications in medicine--parts I and II.

Science.gov (United States)

Navarro, V

1976-01-01

This three part article presents an anlysis of the distribution of power and of the nature of the state in Western industrialized societies and details their implications in medicine. Part I presents a critique of contemporary theories of the Western system of power; discusses the countervailing pluralist and power elite theories, as well as those of bureaucratic and professional control; and concludes with an examination of the Marxist theories of economic determinism, structural determinism, and corporate statism. Part II presents a Marxist theory of the role, nature, and characteristics of state intervention. Part III (which will appear in the next issue of this journal) focuses on the mode of that intervention and the reasons for its growth, with an added analysis of the attributes of state intervention in the health sector, and of the dialectical relationship between its growth and the current fiscal crisis of the state. In all three parts, the focus is on Western European countries and on North America, with many examples and categories from the area of medicine.

Reforming Science Education: Part II. Utilizing Kieran Egan's Educational Metatheory

Science.gov (United States)

Schulz, Roland M.

2009-04-01

This paper is the second of two parts and continues the conversation which had called for a shift in the conceptual focus of science education towards philosophy of education, with the requirement to develop a discipline-specific “philosophy” of science education. In Part I, conflicting conceptions of science literacy were identified with disparate “visions” tied to competing research programs as well as school-based curricular paradigms. The impasse in the goals of science education and thereto, the contending views of science literacy, were themselves associated with three underlying fundamental aims of education (knowledge-itself; personal development; socialization) which, it was argued, usually undercut the potential of each other. During periods of “crisis-talk” and throughout science educational history these three aims have repeatedly attempted to assert themselves. The inability of science education research to affect long-term change in classrooms was correlated not only to the failure to reach a consensus on the aims (due to competing programs and to the educational ideologies of their social groups), but especially to the failure of developing true educational theories (largely neglected since Hirst). Such theories, especially metatheories, could serve to reinforce science education’s growing sense of academic autonomy and independence from socio-economic demands. In Part II, I offer as a suggestion Egan’s cultural-linguistic theory as a metatheory to help resolve the impasse. I hope to make reformers familiar with his important ideas in general, and more specifically, to show how they can complement HPS rationales and reinforce the work of those researchers who have emphasized the value of narrative in learning science.

Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining 21st Pacific Asia Conference, PAKDD 2017 Held in Jeju, South Korea, May 23 26, 2017. Proceedings Part I, Part II.

Science.gov (United States)

2017-06-27

Data Mining 21’’ Pacific-Asia Conference, PAKDD 2017Jeju, South Korea, May 23-26, Sb. GRANT NUMBER 2017 Proceedings, Part I, Part II Sc. PROGRAM...Springer; Switzerland. 14. ABSTRACT The Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (PAKDD) is a leading international conference...in the areas of knowledge discovery and data mining (KDD). We had three keynote speeches, delivered by Sang Cha from Seoul National University

(II) complexes

African Journals Online (AJOL)

activities of Schiff base tin (II) complexes. Neelofar1 ... Conclusion: All synthesized Schiff bases and their Tin (II) complexes showed high antimicrobial and ...... Singh HL. Synthesis and characterization of tin (II) complexes of fluorinated Schiff bases derived from amino acids. Spectrochim Acta Part A: Molec Biomolec.

The tempo and mode of barnacle evolution

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pérez-Losada, Marcos; Harp, Margaret; Høeg, Jens T

2008-01-01

(outgroup) species representing almost all the Thoracica families to assess the tempo and mode of barnacle evolution. Using phylogenetic methods of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference and 14 fossil calibrations, we found that: (1) Iblomorpha form a monophyletic group; (2......) pedunculated barnacles without shell plates (Heteralepadomorpha) are not ancestral, but have evolved, at least twice, from plated forms; (3) the ontogenetic pattern with 5-->6-->8-->12+ plates does not reflect Thoracica shell evolution; (4) the traditional asymmetric barnacles (Verrucidae) and the Balanomorpha......) the Thoracica suborders evolved since the Early Carboniferous (340mya) with the final radiation of the Sessilia in the Upper Jurassic (147mya). These results, therefore, reject many of the underlying hypotheses about character evolution in the Cirripedia Thoracica, stimulate a variety of new thoughts...

Relationship Between Exercise Heart Rate and Music\\ud Tempo Preference

OpenAIRE

Karageorghis, C. I; Jones, Leighton; Low, D. C

2006-01-01

The present study examined the predicted positive and linear relationship (Iwanaga, 1995a, 1995b) between exercise heart rate and music tempo preference. Initially, 128 undergraduate students (M age = 20.0 years, SD = 0.9) were surveyed to establish their three favorite music artists. A separate experimental group of 29 undergraduates (M age = 20.3 years, SD = 1.2) selected the music of a single artist from the three highest-rated artists from the earlier survey. They reported their\\ud prefer...

HERBICIDAS INIBIDORES DO FOTOSSISTEMA II – PARTE I /\tPHOTOSYSTEM II INHIBITOR HERBICIDES - PART I

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ILCA P. DE F. E SILVA

2013-11-01

Full Text Available O controle químico tem sido o mais utilizado em grandes áreas de plantio, principalmente por ser um método rápido e eficiente. Os herbicidas inibidores do fotossistema II (PSII são fundamentais para o manejo integrado de plantas daninhas e práticas conservacionista de solo. A aplicação é realizada em pré-emergência ou pós-emergência inicial das plantas daninhas. A absorção é pelas raízes, tendo como barreira as estrias de Caspari, sendo a translocação realizada pelo xilema. O processo de absorção e translocação também são dependentes das próprias características do produto, como as propriedades lipofílicas e hidrofílicas, as quais podem ser medidas através do coeficiente de partição octanol-água (Kow. A inibição da fotossíntese acontece pela ligação dos herbicidas deste grupo ao sítio de ligação da QB, na proteína D1 do fotossistema II, o qual se localiza na membrana dos tilacóides dos cloroplastos, causando, o bloqueia do transporte de elétrons da QA para QB, interrompendo a fixação do CO2 e a produção de ATP e NAPH2.

Societal Planning: Identifying a New Role for the Transport Planner-Part II: Planning Guidelines

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Khisty, C. Jotin; Leleur, Steen

1997-01-01

The paper seeks to formulate planning guidelines based on Habermas's theory of communicative action. Specifically, this has led to the formulation of a set of four planning validity claims concerned to four types of planning guidelines concerning adequacy, dependency, suitability and adaptability......-a-vis the planning validity claims. Among other things the contingency of this process is outlined. It is concluded (part I & II) that transport planners can conveniently utilize the guidelines in their professional practice, tailored to their particular settings....

Estabilização química do subleito de estradas: influência do tempo decorrido entre a mistura e a compactação na resistência mecânica de misturas solo-RBI Grade 81 Chemical stabilization of road subgrade: influence of elapsed time between mixture and compaction on mechanical strength of soil-RBI Grade 81 mixtures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago Pinto da Trindade

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo aborda o estudo da influência do tempo decorrido entre mistura e compactação na resistência mecânica de três solos da Zona da Mata Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, quando estabilizados com 4% de RBI Grade 81, em relação ao peso de solo seco. Um solo residual maduro (solo 1 e dois solos residuais jovens (solos 2 e 3 de gnáisse foram utilizados no presente estudo. O programa de ensaios de laboratório englobou: (i tempos decorridos entre mistura e compactação: 0, 4, 8 e 24 horas; (ii energia de compactação: Proctor Modificado; (iii período de cura das misturas: 7 dias; e (iv determinação da resistência mecânica: média de três determinações da resistência à compressão não-confinada. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que: (i o tempo decorrido entre mistura e compactação dos corpos-de-prova influenciou significativamente o parâmetro resistência à compressão não confinada das misturas; (ii 4 horas foi o tempo ótimo entre mistura e compactação para as misturas dos solos 1 e 2 com RBI Grade 81; e (iii no solo 3, foi observado um melhor resultado para a compactação imediatamente após a mistura.This paper describes the study of the influence of time between mixture and compaction in the mechanical strength of three soils from ";Zona da Mata Norte";, Minas Gerais, Brazil, stabilized with 4% of RBI Grade 81. One mature (soil 1 and two young (soils 2 and 3 gneiss residual soils were used throughout the study. The laboratory testing program consisted of the following steps: (i elapsed times between mixture and compaction: 0, 4, 8 and 24 hours; (ii mixture specimen compaction effort: Modified Proctor; (iii mixture specimen curing time: 7 days in acclimatized room; (iv determination of mechanical strength: average of three determinations of unconfined compression strength. The testing data supported that: (i the elapsed time between mixture and specimen compaction affected significantly the mixture mechanical

Estudos das variantes utilizadas em duas capitais sul-brasileiras para designar o conceito «tempo»

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Garcia Freitas

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Resumo: O estudo das palavras utilizadas por um grupo social pode ser o fio condutor para avaliar o conhecimento desse grupo. Assim sendo, este trabalho propõe-se a investigar a relação que comunidades têm com o “tempo” por meio do levantamento das palavras que utilizam para designar conceitos relacionados a ele. Para tanto, optou-se pela análise das respostas dadas por dezesseis informantes de duas localidades, Florianópolis e Curitiba, ao questionário semântico lexical (QSL relativo ao campo semântico de astros e tempo, no âmbito do Projeto ALIB (Atlas linguístico do Brasil. Por meio deste estudo, pôde-se constatar que os habitantes das duas capitais estudadas nesta pesquisa utilizam termos distintos para descrever as diferentes partes do dia e a relação temporal. Pode-se dizer também que os informantes das duas localidades não utilizam termos relacionados a estrelas ou outros fenômenos siderais para se referirem ao início e fim do dia.Palavras-chave: Variantes linguísticas; ALIB; dialetologia; tempo.Abstract: The study of the words used by a social group can be the conduit to assess the knowledge of this group. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship that communities have with the “time” through the survey of the words they use to describe it. To this end, we decided to examine the replies given by sixteen informants at two locations, Florianopolis and Curitiba, to the lexical semantic questionnaire (LSQ on the semantic field of stars and time, under the Project ALIB (Linguistic Atlas of Brazil. Through this study, it was found that the inhabitants of the capital, in particular the two that are the subject of this research, have a little relationship with the terms that describe the different parts of the day, especially those that detail the phenomena. We can also say that they don’t use terms related with the stars or other sidereal phenomena to refer to the beginning and the end of the day

BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ABORDAGEM DE CHARLES GUIGNON DO MÉTODO FENOMENOLÓGICO EM SER E TEMPO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rogério Tolfo

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta os estágios do método filosófico em Ser e Tempo, deacordo com a obra Heidegger e o Problema do Conhecimento de Charles Guignon.Segundo Guignon, Heidegger realiza em Ser e Tempo um processo em etapas: 1.Descritivo; 2. Hermenêutico; 3. Processo Dialético; 4. Diagnóstico do Senso Comum. Oobjetivo principal deste artigo é divulgar a proposta de Guignon. No entanto, faremosbreves considerações sobre esta proposta.

A psicologia social nos tempos de S. Freud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Adolfo Ramos Mello Neto

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma revisão dos textos psicossociais citados por Freud em Psicologia de massas e análise do eu. O objetivo é propor ao leitor algum conhecimento desses textos que já se perdem no tempo. São referidos textos de Wilfred Trotter, William MacDougall, Gustave Le Bon e Gabriel Tarde. Alude-se também a Durkheim, autor não citado por Freud, mas cuja referência permite contrastar uma visão psicologizante do fenômeno social, que é a de Freud e dos autores que ele cita, com um aporte em que o social é visto como independente do psicológico.

A psicologia social nos tempos de S. Freud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mello Neto Gustavo Adolfo Ramos

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de uma revisão dos textos psicossociais citados por Freud em Psicologia de massas e análise do eu. O objetivo é propor ao leitor algum conhecimento desses textos que já se perdem no tempo. São referidos textos de Wilfred Trotter, William MacDougall, Gustave Le Bon e Gabriel Tarde. Alude-se também a Durkheim, autor não citado por Freud, mas cuja referência permite contrastar uma visão psicologizante do fenômeno social, que é a de Freud e dos autores que ele cita, com um aporte em que o social é visto como independente do psicológico.

TEMPO functionalized C{sub 60} fullerene deposited on gold surface for catalytic oxidation of selected alcohols

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Piotrowski, Piotr; Pawłowska, Joanna [University of Warsaw, Department of Chemistry (Poland); Sadło, Jarosław Grzegorz [Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (Poland); Bilewicz, Renata; Kaim, Andrzej, E-mail: akaim@chem.uw.edu.pl [University of Warsaw, Department of Chemistry (Poland)

2017-05-15

C{sub 60}TEMPO{sub 10} catalytic system linked to a microspherical gold support through a covalent S-Au bond was developed. The C{sub 60}TEMPO{sub 10}@Au composite catalyst had a particle size of 0.5–0.8 μm and was covered with the fullerenes derivative of 2.3 nm diameter bearing ten nitroxyl groups; the organic film showed up to 50 nm thickness. The catalytic composite allowed for the oxidation under mild conditions of various primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehyde and ketone analogues with efficiencies as high as 79–98%, thus giving values typical for homogeneous catalysis, while retaining at the same time all the advantages of heterogeneous catalysis, e.g., easy separation by filtration from the reaction mixture. The catalytic activity of the resulting system was studied by means of high pressure liquid chromatography. A redox mechanism was proposed for the process. In the catalytic cycle of the oxidation process, the TEMPO moiety was continuously regenerated in situ with an applied primary oxidant, for example, O{sub 2}/Fe{sup 3+} system. The new intermediate composite components and the final catalyst were characterized by various spectroscopic methods and thermogravimetry.

Nucleo multiprocessado para aplicações em tempo-real

OpenAIRE

Roberto Andre Hexsel

1988-01-01

Resumo: Esta Dissertação descreve o nucleo de tempo-real do Multiprocessador para Sistemas de Controle (MSC). O MSC foi desenvolvido no Instituto de Automação do Centro Tecnológico para Informática e possui características que o tornam adequado a aplicações em controle de processos e automação industrial. Estas aplicações exigem respostas rápidas a eventos externos e grande capacidade de processamento. O MSC pode ser configurado para satisfazer as mais diversas aplicações e diferentes níveis ...

Two-loop renormalization in the standard model, part II. Renormalization procedures and computational techniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Actis, S. [Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Zeuthen (Germany); Passarino, G. [Torino Univ. (Italy). Dipt. di Fisica Teorica; INFN, Sezione di Torino (Italy)

2006-12-15

In part I general aspects of the renormalization of a spontaneously broken gauge theory have been introduced. Here, in part II, two-loop renormalization is introduced and discussed within the context of the minimal Standard Model. Therefore, this paper deals with the transition between bare parameters and fields to renormalized ones. The full list of one- and two-loop counterterms is shown and it is proven that, by a suitable extension of the formalism already introduced at the one-loop level, two-point functions suffice in renormalizing the model. The problem of overlapping ultraviolet divergencies is analyzed and it is shown that all counterterms are local and of polynomial nature. The original program of 't Hooft and Veltman is at work. Finite parts are written in a way that allows for a fast and reliable numerical integration with all collinear logarithms extracted analytically. Finite renormalization, the transition between renormalized parameters and physical (pseudo-)observables, are discussed in part III where numerical results, e.g. for the complex poles of the unstable gauge bosons, are shown. An attempt is made to define the running of the electromagnetic coupling constant at the two-loop level. (orig.)

Doença e Tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando S. P. Telles

Full Text Available Trata-se de um ensaio que procura estabelecer a propriedade da questão: "Faz sentido conceber a doença como um fenômeno que transcende as categorias da representação?" Destaca-se uma correspondência entre os fenômenos da representação e da espacialização. Representar passa a ser a atividade de definir uma trajetória que admite uma cronologia temporal de referência, onde um certo fenômeno é apresentado. O paradigma que define a "Anátomo-Clínica" e a Epidemiologia é considerado por nós como uma forma de representação ou espacialização da doença. Conclui-se ser possível o acesso a algo que se denomina "adoecer", que transcende a representação "Anátomo-Clínica" e epidemiológica, desde que, para tal, se admita a possibilidade de o conhecimento poder ser, também, construído fora do espaço, isto é, no tempo não-cronológico.

EEG alpha desynchronization in musicians and nonmusicians in response to changes in melody, tempo, and key in classical music.

Science.gov (United States)

Overman, Amy A; Hoge, Jessica; Dale, J Alexander; Cross, Jeffrey D; Chien, Alec

2003-10-01

Two experiments were performed to examine musicians' and nonmusicians' electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to changes in major dimensions (tempo, melody, and key) of classical music. In Exp. 1, 12 nonmusicians' and 12 musicians' EEGs during melody and tempo changes in classical music showed more alpha desynchronization in the left hemisphere (F3) for changes in tempo than in the right. For melody, the nonmusicians were more right-sided (F4) than left in activation, and musicians showed no left-right differences. In Exp. 2, 18 musicians' and 18 nonmusicians' EEG after a key change in classical music showed that distant key changes elicited more right frontal (F4) alpha desynchronization than left. Musicians showed more reaction to key changes than nonmusicians and instructions to attend to key changes had no significant effect. Classical music, given its well-defined structure, offers a unique set of stimuli to study the brain. Results support the concept of hierarchical modularity in music processing that may be automatic.

Nuclear physics II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Elze, T.

1988-01-01

This script consisting of two parts contains the matter of the courses Nuclear Pyhsics I and II, as they were presented in the winter term 1987/88 and summer term 1988 for students of physics at Frankfurt University. In the present part II the matter of the summer term is summarized. (orig.) [de

Roots/Routes: Part II

Science.gov (United States)

Swanson, Dalene M.

2009-01-01

This narrative acts as an articulation of a journey of many routes. Following Part I of the same research journey of rootedness/routedness, it debates the nature of transformation and transcendence beyond personal and political paradoxes informed by neoliberalism and related repressive globalizing discourses. Through a more personal, descriptive,…

Effects of Movement, Tempo, and Gender on Steady Beat Performance of Kindergarten Children

Science.gov (United States)

Rose, Paige

2016-01-01

The purposes of this research were to discover the effects of manual (hand) and pedal (foot) movements, tempo, and gender on steady beat accuracy. Participants (N = 119) consisted of male (n = 63) and female (n = 56) kindergarten students randomly divided into two groups, counterbalanced with regard to school, homeroom, and gender. Participants…

ECLESIOLOGIA DO VATICANO II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Víctor Codina

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Não se pode compreender a eclesiologia do Vaticano II sem conhecer a vida, o estilo pastoral e o carisma de João XXIII, que convocou o Concílio e abriu o caminho em direção a uma nova configuração eclesial que acabava com séculos de uma Igreja de Cristandade. O Vaticano II implica uma transição de uma Igreja clerical a uma Igreja Povo de Deus, povo de batizados. A passagem de uma Igreja juridicista e legalista a uma Igreja Mistério de comunhão em Cristo. Mudar de uma Igreja triunfalista e ligada ao poder mundano a uma Igreja vivificada pela força renovadora do Espírito. A Igreja está a caminho rumo ao Reino de Deus juntamente com todos os cristãos e com toda a humanidade. A recepção do Vaticano II supõe uma conversão pastoral: voltar ao Evangelho e abrir-se aos novos sinais dos tempos seguindo o Espírito que inspirou João XXIII. ABSTRACT: You cannot understand the Ecclesiology of Vatican II without knowing the life, the pastoral style and the charisma of John XXIII, who convened the Council and opened the way toward a new ecclesial setting that ended centuries of a church of Christendom. The Vatican II involves a transition from a clerical Church to a “People (baptized people of God” Church. The Vatican II implies the passage from a juridical and legalistic Church to a Church as the Mystery of the communion in Christ. The Vatican II implies the change from a triumphalistic Church and connected to worldly power to a Church vivified by the renewing force of the Spirit. The Church is on its way toward the Kingdom of God together with all Christians and all mankind. The reception of the Vatican II supposes a pastoral conversion: a return to the Gospel and openness to new signs of the times following the Spirit that inspired John XXIII.

Estabilidade dimensional de uma resina acrílica para coroas provisórias em função de diferentes técnicas de processamento ao longo do tempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Alejandro García-López

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A estabilidade dimensional das resinas acrílicas influencia na adaptação das coroas provisórias e, consequentemente, no resultado do tratamento reabilitador. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a estabilidade dimensional, ao longo do tempo, de uma resina acrílica processada de diferentes maneiras. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Cinco técnicas de polimerização da resina acrílica foram testadas: I - polimerização térmica utilizando líquido de polimerização rápida em mufla; II - autopolimerização sob pressão; III - autopolimerização utilizando pincel; IV - autopolimerização após mistura (pó + líquido em pote Dappen e inserção em matriz de aço na fase arenosa; V - autopolimerização após mistura em pote Dappen com inserção na matriz metálica na fase plástica. Foram confeccionados dez corpos de prova para cada tipo de processamento. Avaliou-se a estabilidade dimensional por meio de matriz de aço inox confeccionada segundo a especificação nº19 da ADA. Os corpos de prova foram armazenados em água destilada a 37ºC e examinados nos períodos de 1 hora, 1, 7, 15, 10, 90 e 180 dias após a polimerização, com o auxílio de um microscópio óptico com aumento de 20×. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de dupla variância (Teste de Tukey para Tempo e Técnica de processamento em nível de 5% de significância. RESULTADO: Todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram alterações dimensionais entre o sétimo e o 15º dia; após esse período de tempo, houve alterações dimensionais estatisticamente significantes, para as diferentes técnicas estudadas. CONCLUSÃO: A estabilidade dimensional da resina acrílica não sofreu influência das diferentes técnicas de processamento avaliadas; entretanto, foi influenciada pelo tempo de armazenamento.

Efficacy of rasagiline in early Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of data from the TEMPO and ADAGIO studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Hauser, Robert A; Abler, Victor; Eyal, Eli; Eliaz, Rom E

2016-10-01

To evaluate the efficacy of rasagiline versus placebo in a pooled population of patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). TEMPO and ADAGIO were Phase III studies that evaluated the symptomatic efficacy of rasagiline versus placebo in patients with early PD. This meta-analysis included Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) observations from weeks 12, 24 and 36 in ADAGIO and from weeks 14 and 26 in TEMPO; TEMPO visits were recoded to weeks 12 and 24, respectively. The present analysis includes all patients who received rasagiline 1 mg/day, 2 mg/day or placebo, and had ≥1 post-baseline observations and a subgroup of patients whose baseline UPDRS Total scores were ≥27 (Upper Quartile population). Change from baseline in UPDRS scores were evaluated using mixed models repeated measures analyses. Of the 1578 patients randomized to the two studies, 1546 patients met criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Effects on UPDRS Total, motor and activities of daily living scores were significantly better for both doses of rasagiline compared with placebo at all time periods. The Upper Quartile population included 402 patients with a UPDRS Total score ≥27 at baseline. These patients generally demonstrated a larger magnitude of treatment effect than was seen in the full population. This meta-analysis confirms the efficacy of rasagiline monotherapy over 36 weeks. Although TEMPO and ADAGIO are considered studies of "very early" PD, both contained a sizeable pool of patients with more severe disease. In addition, the meta-analysis showed a larger magnitude of effect in patients with more severe baseline disease.

Avaliação do impacto da transferência precoce de informação no tempo e no custo de desenvolvimento de projetos

OpenAIRE

Daniel Drumond Campos e Silva

2010-01-01

O tempo de desenvolvimento de projetos é um fator de vantagem competitiva para as empresas responderem de forma rápida às exigências do mercado. A pressão pela agilização no repasse de informação entre tarefas, visando diminuir o tempo de projeto, pode impactar em retrabalho, considerando que esse repasse apresenta uma carga de incerteza quanto à assertividade do dado. Torna-se pertinente uma análise comparativa entre o tempo de finalização de um projeto e o custo associado a sua execução, co...

Programming an interim report on the SETL project. Part I: generalities. Part II: the SETL language and examples of its use

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwartz, J T

1975-06-01

A summary of work during the past several years on SETL, a new programming language drawing its dictions and basic concepts from the mathematical theory of sets, is presented. The work was started with the idea that a programming language modeled after an appropriate version of the formal language of mathematics might allow a programming style with some of the succinctness of mathematics, and that this might ultimately enable one to express and experiment with more complex algorithms than are now within reach. Part I discusses the general approach followed in the work. Part II focuses directly on the details of the SETL language as it is now defined. It describes the facilities of SETL, includes short libraries of miscellaneous and of code optimization algorithms illustrating the use of SETL, and gives a detailed description of the manner in which the set-theoretic primitives provided by SETL are currently implemented. (RWR)

Fractional Programming for Communication Systems—Part II: Uplink Scheduling via Matching

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Kaiming; Yu, Wei

2018-05-01

This two-part paper develops novel methodologies for using fractional programming (FP) techniques to design and optimize communication systems. Part I of this paper proposes a new quadratic transform for FP and treats its application for continuous optimization problems. In this Part II of the paper, we study discrete problems, such as those involving user scheduling, which are considerably more difficult to solve. Unlike the continuous problems, discrete or mixed discrete-continuous problems normally cannot be recast as convex problems. In contrast to the common heuristic of relaxing the discrete variables, this work reformulates the original problem in an FP form amenable to distributed combinatorial optimization. The paper illustrates this methodology by tackling the important and challenging problem of uplink coordinated multi-cell user scheduling in wireless cellular systems. Uplink scheduling is more challenging than downlink scheduling, because uplink user scheduling decisions significantly affect the interference pattern in nearby cells. Further, the discrete scheduling variable needs to be optimized jointly with continuous variables such as transmit power levels and beamformers. The main idea of the proposed FP approach is to decouple the interaction among the interfering links, thereby permitting a distributed and joint optimization of the discrete and continuous variables with provable convergence. The paper shows that the well-known weighted minimum mean-square-error (WMMSE) algorithm can also be derived from a particular use of FP; but our proposed FP-based method significantly outperforms WMMSE when discrete user scheduling variables are involved, both in term of run-time efficiency and optimizing results.

Noncardiac findings on cardiac CT. Part II: spectrum of imaging findings.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Killeen, Ronan P

2012-02-01

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has evolved into an effective imaging technique for the evaluation of coronary artery disease in selected patients. Two distinct advantages over other noninvasive cardiac imaging methods include its ability to directly evaluate the coronary arteries and to provide a unique opportunity to evaluate for alternative diagnoses by assessing the extracardiac structures, such as the lungs and mediastinum, particularly in patients presenting with the chief symptom of acute chest pain. Some centers reconstruct a small field of view (FOV) cropped around the heart but a full FOV (from skin to skin in the area irradiated) is obtainable in the raw data of every scan so that clinically relevant noncardiac findings are identifiable. Debate in the scientific community has centered on the necessity for this large FOV. A review of noncardiac structures provides the opportunity to make alternative diagnoses that may account for the patient\\'s presentation or to detect important but clinically silent problems such as lung cancer. Critics argue that the yield of biopsy-proven cancers is low and that the follow-up of incidental noncardiac findings is expensive, resulting in increased radiation exposure and possibly unnecessary further testing. In this 2-part review we outline the issues surrounding the concept of the noncardiac read, looking for noncardiac findings on cardiac CT. Part I focused on the pros and cons for and against the practice of identifying noncardiac findings on cardiac CT. Part II illustrates the imaging spectrum of cardiac CT appearances of benign and malignant noncardiac pathology.

I nomi del tempo la seconda rivoluzione scientifica e il mito della freccia temporale

CERN Document Server

Bellone, Enrico

1989-01-01

Ogni persona colloca i fatti ordinandoli lungo una freccia psicologica del tempo e così distingue tra il passato e il futuro. La distinzione è netta, poiché i fatti disposti nel passato non sono modificabili, mentre quelli che si verificheranno sono, in linea di massima, solo prevedibili: non possiamo esercitare alcuna influenza sugli eventi passati, ma possiamo nutrire la speranza di condizionare, almeno in parte, quelli che non si sono ancora verificati. La questione della freccia psicologica è collegata alla circostanza per cui l'individuo ha coscienza d'essere sempre situato in un «qui e ora», così da ricordare solo certi fatti del passato e da non avere alcuna memoria del futuro. Questo stato di cose, pur manifestandosi in modo del tutto naturale, presenta però analogie con quel particolare stato di cose grazie al quale ciascuno di noi parla di oggetti che si trovano «in alto» o «in basso», sulla base di una distinzione che non è poi dissimile da quella che riguarda il «prima» e il «dopo�...

The Historiography of British Imperial Education Policy, Part II: Africa and the Rest of the Colonial Empire

Science.gov (United States)

Whitehead, Clive

2005-01-01

Part II of this historiographical study examines British education policy in Africa, and in the many crown colonies, protectorates, and mandated territories around the globe. Up until 1920, the British government took far less interest than in India, in the development of schooling in Africa and the rest of the colonial empire, and education was…

DOE program guide for universities and other research groups. Part I. DOE Research and Development Programs; Part II. DOE Procurement and Assistance Policies/Procedures

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1980-03-01

This guide addresses the DOE responsibility for fostering advanced research and development of all energy resources, both current and potential. It is intended to provide, in a single publication, all the fundamental information needed by an institution to develop a potential working relationship with DOE. Part I describes DOE research and development programs and facilities, and identifies areas of additional research needs and potential areas for new research opportunities. It also summarizes budget data and identifies the DOE program information contacts for each program. Part II provides researchers and research administrators with an introduction to the DOE administrative policies and procedures for submission and evaluation of proposals and the administration of resulting grants, cooperative agreements, and research contracts. (RWR)

Tempo do conhecimento interativo: reflexões sobre a inteligência coletiva e o pensamento complexo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Halen Claro Bembem

2014-06-01

Full Text Available A predominância das tecnologias da informação e comunicação na atualidade tem encaminhado a Ciência da Informação a diferentes contextos de tempo e espaço. O tempo do conhecimento interativo e o Espaço do saber trazem novas perspectivas quanto à concepção e o uso das tecnologias. Utilizando como procedimento metodológico a análise exploratória e descritiva, e tomando como referencial teórico consolidados autores da área, pretende-se discorrer sobre essas alterações e refletir como a Ciência da Informação tem se posicionado frente a esses desafios. Observou-se que o pensamento crítico torna-se alternativa para a compreensão das tecnologias longe de uma prerrogativa determinista.

Previsão de tempos de internamento num hospital português: aplicação da metodologia CRISP-DM

OpenAIRE

Laureano, R. M. S.; Caetano, N.; Cortez, P.

2014-01-01

Com base nos dados disponíveis num hospital português relativos aos processos de internamento, ocorridos no período de 2000 a 2013, e seguindo a metodologia de data mining CRISP-DM, obteve-se um modelo de previsão dos tempos de internamento baseado no algoritmo random forest que apresentou uma elevada qualidade, e superior à obtida com outras técnicas de data mining, e que permitiu identificar os atributos clínicos do paciente como os mais importantes para a explicação dos tempos de ...

Assessing and addressing moral distress and ethical climate Part II: neonatal and pediatric perspectives.

Science.gov (United States)

Sauerland, Jeanie; Marotta, Kathleen; Peinemann, Mary Anne; Berndt, Andrea; Robichaux, Catherine

2015-01-01

Moral distress remains a pervasive and, at times, contested concept in nursing and other health care disciplines. Ethical climate, the conditions and practices in which ethical situations are identified, discussed, and decided, has been shown to exacerbate or ameliorate perceptions of moral distress. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore perceptions of moral distress, moral residue, and ethical climate among registered nurses working in an academic medical center. Two versions of the Moral Distress Scale in addition to the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey were used, and participants were invited to respond to 2 open-ended questions. Part I reported the findings among nurses working in adult acute and critical care units. Part II presents the results from nurses working in pediatric/neonatal units. Significant differences in findings between the 2 groups are discussed. Subsequent interventions developed are also presented.

Programação de operações em sistemas com tempo de processamento variável

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Manuel Valério de Carvalho

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo analisa-se um problema de planeamento de operações com tempos de processamento variável. Em particular, este projecto está relacionado com o planeamento de operações de carga de camiões em armazéns automáticos. As operações podem ser vistas como tarefas executadas em paralelo, com tempos de disponibilidade (data de chegada dos camiões e datas de entrega (data de cut off. Os tempos de processamento das tarefas são variáveis e dependem do número de tarefas a serem processadas simultaneamente; para garantir a taxa de expedição nominal de funcionamento do armazém, é necessário impor um número mínimo de tarefas em execução simultânea. Apresenta-se um procedimento baseado em programação dinâmica com os tempos de expedição dos camiões ordenados pela regra EDD. A eficiência do algoritmo é também discutida.In this work a scheduling operation problem with variable processing times is analysed. In particular this project is concerned with the scheduling of the truck load operations in an automatic warehouse. The truck load operations can be assumed as processing tasks in parallel, with ready times (availability of the trucks and due dates (trip cut off time. Processing time is variable and depends upon the number of tasks simultaneously in progress; a minimum number of simultaneous tasks is imposed to guarantee the nominal rate of expedition of the warehouse. A procedure based on Dynamic Programming with truck expedition times ordered by EDD rule is presented. The algorithm efficiency is also discussed.

Mineral resources of parts of the Departments of Antioquia and Caldas, Zone II, Colombia

Science.gov (United States)

Hall, R.B.; Feininger, Tomas; Barrero, L.; Dario, Rico H.; ,; Alvarez, A.

1970-01-01

The mineral resources of an area of 40,000 sq km, principally in the Department of Antioquia, but including small parts of the Departments of Caldas, C6rdoba, Risaralda, and Tolima, were investigated during the period 1964-68. The area is designated Zone II by the Colombian Inventario Minero Nacional(lMN). The geology of approximately 45 percent of this area, or 18,000 sq km, has been mapped by IMN. Zone II has been a gold producer for centuries, and still produces 75 percent of Colombia's gold. Silver is recovered as a byproduct. Ferruginous laterites have been investigated as potential sources of iron ore but are not commercially exploitable. Nickeliferous laterite on serpentinite near Ure in the extreme northwest corner of the Zone is potentially exploitable, although less promising than similar laterites at Cerro Matoso, north of the Zone boundary. Known deposits of mercury, chromium, manganese, and copper are small and have limited economic potentia1. Cement raw materials are important among nonmetallic resources, and four companies are engaged in the manufacture of portland cement. The eastern half of Zone II contains large carbonate rock reserves, but poor accessibility is a handicap to greater development at present. Dolomite near Amalfi is quarried for the glass-making and other industries. Clay saprolite is abundant and widely used in making brick and tiles in backyard kilns. Kaolin of good quality near La Union is used by the ceramic industry. Subbituminous coal beds of Tertiary are an important resource in the western part of the zone and have good potential for greater development. Aggregate materials for construction are varied and abundant. Deposits of sodic feldspar, talc, decorative stone, and silica are exploited on a small scale. Chrysotils asbestos deposits north of Campamento are being developed to supply fiber for Colombia's thriving asbestos-cement industry, which is presently dependent upon imported fiber. Wollastonite and andalusite are

Tempo 1 méthode de français

CERN Document Server

Bérard, Evelyne; Lavenne, Christian

1996-01-01

Tempo c'est : une méthode qui s'adresse aux adolescents et adultes, vrais débutants, des objectifs précis, définis par l'observation fine d'échanges authentiques, une progression rigoureuse où les acquis sont constamment repris et élargis, l'acquisition de compétences complètes dans un délai très bref (acquisitions par paliers), des techniques de classe dynamiques : apprentissage par tâches, une mise en scène active de la civilisation, de nombreux exercices, une évaluation régulière, une totale adéquation aux épreuves du DELF.

O tempo do luto e o discurso do Outro

OpenAIRE

Maesso, Márcia Cristina

2017-01-01

Resumo: Trata-se de uma leitura pelo método psicanalítico sobre o tempo de trabalho do luto, através do filme Sede de viver, da biografia de Van Gogh escrita por Forrester, e das concepções sobre o luto no campo da psicanálise, formuladas por Lacan e Allouch, visando abordar a travessia do luto como uma experiência que exige um trabalho não determinado exclusivamente pela relação entre o enlutado e o objeto perdido, mas contando com a função dos ritos e com a linguagem para concluir o luto co...

Control of uncertain systems by feedback linearization with neural networks augmentation. Part II. Controller validation by numerical simulation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adrian TOADER

2010-09-01

Full Text Available The paper was conceived in two parts. Part I, previously published in this journal, highlighted the main steps of adaptive output feedback control for non-affine uncertain systems, having a known relative degree. The main paradigm of this approach was the feedback linearization (dynamic inversion with neural network augmentation. Meanwhile, based on new contributions of the authors, a new paradigm, that of robust servomechanism problem solution, has been added to the controller architecture. The current Part II of the paper presents the validation of the controller hereby obtained by using the longitudinal channel of a hovering VTOL-type aircraft as mathematical model.

Recent advances in ambit stochastics with a view towards tempo-spatial stochastic volatility/intermittency

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Barndorff-Nielsen, Ole E.; Benth, Fred Espen; Veraart, Almut

Ambit stochastics is the name for the theory and applications of ambit fields and ambit processes and constitutes a new research area in stochastics for tempo-spatial phenomena. This paper gives an overview of the main findings in ambit stochastics up to date and establishes new results on genera...

AVALIAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES DE PAINÉIS COMPENSADOS DE Melia azedarach L. PRODUZIDOS COM DIFERENTES GRAMATURAS E TEMPOS DE PRENSAGEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosilani Trianoski

2015-08-01

Full Text Available RESUMOO Brasil é um grande produtor de painéis compensados, suas florestas de Pinus são as mais utilizadas nesse processo e grande parte dessa produção é destinada à indústria moveleira. Muitas espécies têm sido introduzidas no país para essa e outras finalidades, entre elas a Melia azedarach, que ainda requer diversos estudos tecnológicos para a melhor utilização de sua madeira. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a viabilidade de utilização da Melia azedarach para a produção de painéis compensados e o efeito da gramatura de adesivo e do tempo de prensagem sobre as propriedades dos painéis. Foram utilizadas cinco árvores provenientes de um plantio experimental localizado em Corupá, SC, das quais foram obtidas amostras para determinação da densidade básica (COPANT 461/1972 e das propriedades químicas (TAPPI 204, 1997; 207, 1999; 280, 1999; 212, 2002; 252, 2002, bem como para a obtenção das lâminas. Os painéis foram produzidos com dimensões de 500 mm x 500 mm x 10 mm (cinco lâminas, segundo um delineamento em arranjo fatorial (3x2 com três gramaturas (320 g/m2,360g/m2 e 400 g/m2 e dois tempos de prensagem (8 e 10 min, adesivo ureia-formaldeído, pressão específica de 1 MPa e temperatura de 110 °C. As propriedades dos painéis foram avaliadas a partir do ensaio de flexão estática (EN:310:2002 e resistência da linha de cola ao cisalhamento (EN 3141:2004 e EN 314-2:2002. Os resultados indicaram diferença estatística significativa dos efeitos principais: a gramatura e tempo de prensagem apenas no módulo de elasticidade no sentido perpendicular e a inexistência de diferença estatística significativa entre as médias a partir da interação dessas duas variáveis de resposta. Concluiu-se que a espécie apresenta viabilidade técnica para a produção de painéis compensados, podendo maximizar a produtividade e minimizar os custos de produção, por meio da utilização da menor gramatura de

Efeito do tempo de conservação de polimorfonucleares do sangue de bezerros sobre o metabolismo oxidativo e a atividade de fagocitose de Escherichia coli

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elizabeth Bohland

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Foram avaliados os efeitos do tempo sobre o metabolismo oxidativo e a fagocitose de Escherichia coli, em amostras de polimorfonucleares (PMN do sangue, de cinco bezerros hígidos, conservadas em banho de gelo por duas (t2, quatro (t4, seis (t6, 12 (t12 e 24 (t24 horas. O metabolismo oxidativo foi avaliado utilizando o Diacetato 2' 7' Diclorofluoresceína (DCFH-DA e a E. coli, como estímulo. Para a fagocitose a mesma bactéria foi utilizada. As amostras foram analisadas por citometria de fluxo. O metabolismo oxidativo basal dos PMN do sangue de bezerros foi maior nos tempos t4, t6 e t12, do que em t2 (p<0,05. A intensidade de fluorescência do metabolismo oxidativo induzido pela bactéria foi maior nos tempos t4 e t6 do que em t2 (p<0,05. A comparação entre o metabolismo basal e induzido pela bactéria, em cada um dos tempos, mostrou que a maior diferença ocorreu em t2, com valores da média geométrica e desvios padrão respectivos de 18,3 ± 4,4 e 26,7 ± 1,8 (p< 0,05. A atividade de fagocitose, medida pela intensidade de fluorescência, foi maior para as amostras mantidas em gelo por 6 horas do que para t2, t4 e t12 (p<0,05. O percentual de fagocitose não diferiu entre os tempos. O tempo ideal para análise do metabolismo oxidativo foi o de duas horas. Maiores estudos são necessários para se verificar a influência do tempo de conservação na fagocitose de E. coli por PMN do sangue de bovinos.

Mission Plan for the Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Program. Volume I. Part I. Overview and current program plans; Part II. Information required by the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1985-06-01

The Misson Plan is divided into two parts. Part I describes the overall goals, objectives, and strategy for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level waste. It explains that, to meet the directives of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, the DOE intends to site, design, construct, and start operating a mined geologic repository by January 31, 1998. The Act specifies that the costs of these activities will be borne by the owners and generators of the waste received at the repository. Part I further describes the other components of the waste-management program - monitored retrievable storage, Federal interim storage, and transportation - as well as systems integration activities. Also discussed are institutional plans and activities as well as the program-management system being implemented by the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. Part II of the Mission Plan presents the detailed information required by Section 301(a) of the Act - key issues and information needs; plans for obtaining the necessary information; potential financial, institutional, and legal issues; plans for the test and evaluation facility; the principal results obtained to date from site investigations; information on the site-characterization programs; information on the waste package; schedules; costs; and socioeconomic impacts. In accordance with Section 301(a) of the Act, Part II is concerned primarily with the repository program

Tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo em recém-nascidos prematuros e a termo Time of exclusive breastfeeding of preterm and term newborn babies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Waléria Ferreira da Silva

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar o tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuros e observar se estes apresentam um índice de aleitamento materno exclusivo diferente do apresentado pelo município de Maceió, na I e II Pesquisa de Prevalência de Aleitamento Materno nas Capitais Brasileiras e no Distrito Federal. Além de comparar o tempo de aleitamento materno e aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuros e a termo e verificar as causas do desmame precoce e suas consequências. MÉTODO: trata-se de uma investigação de campo, de caráter exploratório e longitudinal da prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuro e à termo. RESULTADOS: o percentual de aleitamento materno e de aleitamento materno exclusivo de prematuros aos 6 meses. Houve diferença significante para a variável peso ao nascimento. Dentre as causas do desmame precoce, os fatores educacionais seguidos dos fatores culturais apareceram em maior porcentagem. Como consequência do desmame precoce a prática de hábitos orais ocorreu em 98,1% das crianças. CONCLUSÃO: as crianças prematuras permaneceram mais tempo em aleitamento materno e em aleitamento materno exclusivo que as nascidas a termo. Os fatores educacionais e culturais foram as principais causas do desmame precoce e sua consequência foi o uso de chupeta e mamadeira.PURPOSE: to determine the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. However, only a minority of women engage in breastfeeding practices. This research is aimed to establish the time of exclusive breastfeeding as for preterm babies and observe whether they have a different level of exclusive breastfeeding in relation to the level achieved by the city of Maceió at the I and II PPAM-CDF. Additionally, other goals are to compare the breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding types of preterm and term newborns and determine the causes of early weaning and its consequences. METHOD: this is a field investigation

Tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo em recém-nascidos prematuros e a termo Time of exclusive breastfeeding of preterm and term newborn babies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Waléria Ferreira da Silva

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar o tempo de aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuros e observar se estes apresentam um índice de aleitamento materno exclusivo diferente do apresentado pelo município de Maceió, na I e II Pesquisa de Prevalência de Aleitamento Materno nas Capitais Brasileiras e no Distrito Federal. Além de comparar o tempo de aleitamento materno e aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuros e a termo e verificar as causas do desmame precoce e suas consequências. MÉTODO: trata-se de uma investigação de campo, de caráter exploratório e longitudinal da prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo de recém nascidos prematuro e à termo. RESULTADOS: o percentual de aleitamento materno e de aleitamento materno exclusivo de prematuros aos 6 meses. Houve diferença significante para a variável peso ao nascimento. Dentre as causas do desmame precoce, os fatores educacionais seguidos dos fatores culturais apareceram em maior porcentagem. Como consequência do desmame precoce a prática de hábitos orais ocorreu em 98,1% das crianças. CONCLUSÃO: as crianças prematuras permaneceram mais tempo em aleitamento materno e em aleitamento materno exclusivo que as nascidas a termo. Os fatores educacionais e culturais foram as principais causas do desmame precoce e sua consequência foi o uso de chupeta e mamadeira.PURPOSE: to determine the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. However, only a minority of women engage in breastfeeding practices. This research is aimed to establish the time of exclusive breastfeeding as for preterm babies and observe whether they have a different level of exclusive breastfeeding in relation to the level achieved by the city of Maceió at the I and II PPAM-CDF. Additionally, other goals are to compare the breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding types of preterm and term newborns and determine the causes of early weaning and its consequences. METHOD: this is a field investigation

Nuclear power plant simulators for operator licensing and training. Part I. The need for plant-reference simulators. Part II. The use of plant-reference simulators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rankin, W.L.; Bolton, P.A.; Shikiar, R.; Saari, L.M.

1984-05-01

Part I of this report presents technical justification for the use of plant-reference simulators in the licensing and training of nuclear power plant operators and examines alternatives to the use of plant-reference simulators. The technical rationale is based on research on the use of simulators in other industries, psychological learning and testing principles, expert opinion and user opinion. Part II discusses the central considerations in using plant-reference simulators for licensing examination of nuclear power plant operators and for incorporating simulators into nuclear power plant training programs. Recommendations are presented for the administration of simulator examinations in operator licensing that reflect the goal of maximizing both reliability and validity in the examination process. A series of organizational tasks that promote the acceptance, use, and effectiveness of simulator training as part of the onsite training program is delineated

Previsão de tempos de internamento num hospital português: aplicação da metodologia CRISP-DM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raul M. S. Laureano

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Com base nos dados disponíveis num hospital português relativos aos processos de internamento, ocorridos no período de 2000 a 2013, e seguindo a metodologia de data mining CRISP-DM, obteve-se um modelo de previsão dos tempos de internamento baseado no algoritmo random forest que apresentou uma elevada qualidade, e superior à obtida com outras técnicas de data mining, e que permitiu identificar os atributos clínicos do paciente como os mais importantes para a explicação dos tempos de internamento

Transferring diffractive optics from research to commercial applications: Part II - size estimations for selected markets

Science.gov (United States)

Brunner, Robert

2014-04-01

In a series of two contributions, decisive business-related aspects of the current process status to transfer research results on diffractive optical elements (DOEs) into commercial solutions are discussed. In part I, the focus was on the patent landscape. Here, in part II, market estimations concerning DOEs for selected applications are presented, comprising classical spectroscopic gratings, security features on banknotes, DOEs for high-end applications, e.g., for the semiconductor manufacturing market and diffractive intra-ocular lenses. The derived market sizes are referred to the optical elements, itself, rather than to the enabled instruments. The estimated market volumes are mainly addressed to scientifically and technologically oriented optical engineers to serve as a rough classification of the commercial dimensions of DOEs in the different market segments and do not claim to be exhaustive.

Adaptive Core Simulation Employing Discrete Inverse Theory - Part II: Numerical Experiments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdel-Khalik, Hany S.; Turinsky, Paul J.

2005-01-01

Use of adaptive simulation is intended to improve the fidelity and robustness of important core attribute predictions such as core power distribution, thermal margins, and core reactivity. Adaptive simulation utilizes a selected set of past and current reactor measurements of reactor observables, i.e., in-core instrumentation readings, to adapt the simulation in a meaningful way. The companion paper, ''Adaptive Core Simulation Employing Discrete Inverse Theory - Part I: Theory,'' describes in detail the theoretical background of the proposed adaptive techniques. This paper, Part II, demonstrates several computational experiments conducted to assess the fidelity and robustness of the proposed techniques. The intent is to check the ability of the adapted core simulator model to predict future core observables that are not included in the adaption or core observables that are recorded at core conditions that differ from those at which adaption is completed. Also, this paper demonstrates successful utilization of an efficient sensitivity analysis approach to calculate the sensitivity information required to perform the adaption for millions of input core parameters. Finally, this paper illustrates a useful application for adaptive simulation - reducing the inconsistencies between two different core simulator code systems, where the multitudes of input data to one code are adjusted to enhance the agreement between both codes for important core attributes, i.e., core reactivity and power distribution. Also demonstrated is the robustness of such an application

Uudised : EFK ja TKO kontserdireis. Ajakiri Tempo Veljo Tormisest. Maestro Teo Maiste CD / Allan Vurma

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vurma, Allan, 1955-

2000-01-01

EFK ja TKO kontsertreisist USAsse ja Kanadasse 4.-23. veebr. Inglise kaasaegse muusika kvartalikiri "Tempo" jaanuarinumber (nr. 211) avaldas ulatusliku artikli V. Tormisest. 3. veebr. tähistati Estonia talveaias järjekordse CD ilmumist sarjas "Estonia väljapaistvaid lauljaid", peakangelaseks T. Maiste

Coal-fired power materials - Part II

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Viswanathan, V.; Purgert, R.; Rawls, P. [Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA (United States)

2008-09-15

Part 1 discussed some general consideration in selection of alloys for advanced ultra supercritical (USC) coal-fired power plant boilers. This second part covers results reported by the US project consortium, which has extensively evaluated the steamside oxidation, fireside corrosion, and fabricability of the alloys selected for USC plants. 3 figs.

PALIMPSESTOS DE CLIO ENTRE A CLEPSIDRA E O CLARIM: Comunicação, História Oral e Tempo Presente

OpenAIRE

Soares, Fagno da Silva; Rovai, Marta Gouveia de Oliveira; Porto Junior, Francisco Gilson Rebouças

2017-01-01

A Revista Observatório vem se estabelecendo como importante periódico interdisciplinar nacional, traz à baila seu Dossiê Volume 2, "Comunicação, História Oral e Tempo Presente", objetivando visibilizar trabalhos de diversos campos do conhecimento que perscrutam temáticas filigranadas na relação entre comunicação, história oral e tempo presente, bem como, suas ressonâncias historiográficas em face das sociedades do contemporâneo. Soma-se a isto, o intento de coadunar estudos aparentemente dí...

Tobacco control and gender in south-east Asia. Part II: Singapore and Vietnam.

Science.gov (United States)

Morrow, Martha; Barraclough, Simon

2003-12-01

In the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region, being born male is the single greatest risk marker for tobacco use. While the literature demonstrates that risks associated with tobacco use may vary according to sex, gender refers to the socially determined roles and responsibilities of men and women, who initiate, continue and quit using tobacco for complex and often different reasons. Cigarette advertising frequently appeals to gender roles. Yet tobacco control policy tends to be gender-blind. Using a broad, gender-sensitivity framework, this contradiction is explored in four Western Pacific countries. Part I of the study presented the rationale, methodology and design of the study, discussed issues surrounding gender and tobacco, and analysed developments in Malaysia and the Philippines (see the previous issue of this journal). Part II deals with Singapore and Vietnam. In all four countries gender was salient for the initiation and maintenance of smoking. Yet, with a few exceptions, gender was largely unrecognized in control policy. Suggestions for overcoming this weakness in order to enhance tobacco control are made.

[Education in our time: competency or aptitude? The case for medicine. Part II].

Science.gov (United States)

Viniegra-Velázquez, Leonardo

Part II is focused on participatory education (PE), a distinctive way to understand and practice education in contrast to passive education. The core of PE is to develop everyone's own cognitive potentialities frequently mutilated, neglected or ignored. Epistemological and experiential basis of PE are defined: the concept of incisive and creative criticism, the idea of knowledge as each person's own construct and life experience as the main focus of reflection and cognition. The PE aims towards individuals with unprecedented cognitive and creative faculties, capable of approaching a more inclusive and hospitable world. The last part criticizes the fact that medical education has remained among the passive education paradigm. The key role of cognitive aptitudes, both methodological and practical (clinical aptitude), in the progress of medical education and practice is emphasized. As a conclusion, the knowhow of education is discussed, aiming towards a better world away from human and planetary degradation. Copyright © 2017 Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

Stiffnites. Part II

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Teresa Pareschi

2011-06-01

Full Text Available

The dynamics of a stiffnite are here inferred. A stiffnite is a sheet-shaped, gravity-driven submarine sediment flow, with a fabric made up of marine ooze. To infer stiffnite dynamics, order of magnitude estimations are used. Field deposits and experiments on materials taken from the literature are also used. Stiffnites can be tens or hundreds of kilometers wide, and a few centimeters/ meters thick. They move on the sea slopes over hundreds of kilometers, reaching submarine velocities as high as 100 m/s. Hard grain friction favors grain fragmentation and formation of triboelectrically electrified particles and triboplasma (i.e., ions + electrons. Marine lipids favor isolation of electrical charges. At first, two basic assumptions are introduced, and checked a posteriori: (a in a flowing stiffnite, magnetic dipole moments develop, with the magnetization proportional to the shear rate. I have named those dipoles as Ambigua. (b Ambigua are ‘vertically frozen’ along stiffnite streamlines. From (a and (b, it follows that: (i Ambigua create a magnetic field (at peak, >1 T. (ii Lorentz forces sort stiffnite particles into two superimposed sheets. The lower sheet, L+, has a sandy granulometry and a net positive electrical charge density. The upper sheet, L–, has a silty muddy granulometry and a net negative electrical charge density; the grains of sheet L– become finer upwards. (iii Faraday forces push ferromagnetic grains towards the base of a stiffnite, so that a peak of magnetic susceptibility characterizes a stiffnite deposit. (iv Stiffnites harden considerably during their motion, due to magnetic confinement. Stiffnite deposits and inferred stiffnite characteristics are compatible with a stable flow behavior against bending, pinch, or other macro instabilities. In the present report, a consistent hypothesis about the nature of Ambigua is provided.

The T?lz Temporal Topography Study: Mapping the visual field across the life span. Part II: Cognitive factors shaping visual field maps

OpenAIRE

Poggel, Dorothe A.; Treutwein, Bernhard; Calmanti, Claudia; Strasburger, Hans

2012-01-01

Part I described the topography of visual performance over the life span. Performance decline was explained only partly by deterioration of the optical apparatus. Part II therefore examines the influence of higher visual and cognitive functions. Visual field maps for 95 healthy observers of static perimetry, double-pulse resolution (DPR), reaction times, and contrast thresholds, were correlated with measures of visual attention (alertness, divided attention, spatial cueing), visual search, an...

Human-like behavior of robot arms: general considerations and the handwriting task-part II: The robot arm in handwriting

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Potkonjak, V.; Kostic, D.; Tzafestas, S.; Popovic, M.; Lazarevic, M.; Djordjevic, G.

2001-01-01

This paper (Part II) investigates the motion of a redundant anthropomorphic arm during the writing task. Two approaches are applied. The first is based on the concept of distributed positioning which is suitable to model the "writing" task before the occurrence of fatigue symptoms. The second

Effects of Excerpt Tempo and Duration on Musicians' Ratings of High-Level Piano Performances

Science.gov (United States)

Wapnick, Joel; Ryan, Charlene; Campbell, Louise; Deek, Patricia; Lemire, Renata; Darrow, Alice-Ann

2005-01-01

The purpose of this study was to determine how judgments of solo performances recorded at an international piano competition might be affected by excerpt duration (20 versus 60 seconds) and tempo (slow versus fast). Musicians rated performances on six test items. Results indicated that piano majors rated slow excerpts higher than they rated fast…

Characteristics of a free-standing film from banana pseudostem nanocellulose generated from TEMPO-mediated oxidation.

Science.gov (United States)

Faradilla, R H Fitri; Lee, George; Arns, Ji-Youn; Roberts, Justine; Martens, Penny; Stenzel, Martina H; Arcot, Jayashree

2017-10-15

Demand for bioplastic, especially for food packaging, increases as the consumers become more aware of the destructive effect of non-biodegradable plastics. Nanocellulose from banana pseudo-stem has great potential to be formed as a bioplastic. This study aimed to characterize the free-standing film produced from banana pseudo-stem nanocellulose that was prepared by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. The film was found containing calcium oxalate crystals, which most likely influenced the film transparency and possibly affected the contact angle and tensile strength. The film had initial degradation temperature at 205°C, the contact angle of 64.3°, the tensile strength of 59.5MPa, and elongation of 1.7%. This initial characterization of free-standing nanocellulose film showed a promising potential of TEMPO-treated nanocellulose from banana pseudo-stem as a source of bioplastic. This study could also be beneficial information for further possible modification to improve the banana pseudo-stem film properties. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Tunable, Flexible and Efficient Optimization of Control Pulses for Superconducting Qubits, part II - Applications

Science.gov (United States)

AsséMat, Elie; Machnes, Shai; Tannor, David; Wilhelm-Mauch, Frank

In part I, we presented the theoretic foundations of the GOAT algorithm for the optimal control of quantum systems. Here in part II, we focus on several applications of GOAT to superconducting qubits architecture. First, we consider a control-Z gate on Xmons qubits with an Erf parametrization of the optimal pulse. We show that a fast and accurate gate can be obtained with only 16 parameters, as compared to hundreds of parameters required in other algorithms. We present numerical evidences that such parametrization should allow an efficient in-situ calibration of the pulse. Next, we consider the flux-tunable coupler by IBM. We show optimization can be carried out in a more realistic model of the system than was employed in the original study, which is expected to further simplify the calibration process. Moreover, GOAT reduced the complexity of the optimal pulse to only 6 Fourier components, composed with analytic wrappers.

Velocities and joint angles during double backward stretched salto performed with stable landing and in combination with tempo salto

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J Sadowski

2009-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study was to compare the values of velocity an joint angles obtained during performance of double salto backward stretched with a stable landing and its combination with salto tempo. Seven top level acrobats (track jumpers participated in study. Mean values of body height, mass and age had a value of: 170 cm ± 4.0 cm, 72.4 kg ± 3.6 kg, 20.4±1.7 years, respectively. The studies were conducted on a standard acrobatic path (type PTS 2000. Two digital video cameras (240 Hz and APAS 2000 (Ariel Dynamics Inc. were used during studies. Markers were placed in ankle, knee, hip, arm, elbow and wrist joints. All marker positions were tracked and reconstructed using the APAS system. Two sequences with the following elements were analysed: round-off - double salto backward stretched (A and round-off - double salto backward stretched - tempo salto (B. The highest differences between the key components describing performance of presented exercises exist for joint angles during launching and landing position, and resultant velocities during touchdown. In version A the athlete created prerequisites for “gliding” double salto backward stretched by means of the body segments motions, whereas in version B he executes faster motions of the body segments accentuating his actions upon backward rotation of the body. During the final phase of double salto backward stretched in combination with tempo salto the athlete performed courbette “under himself” (almost straight feet are placed in front of vertical line, pushes directly back and in 0,1 s executes stable arm swing upward-backward to tempo salto.

Reproduction in the space environment: Part II. Concerns for human reproduction

Science.gov (United States)

Jennings, R. T.; Santy, P. A.

1990-01-01

Long-duration space flight and eventual colonization of our solar system will require successful control of reproductive function and a thorough understanding of factors unique to space flight and their impact on gynecologic and obstetric parameters. Part II of this paper examines the specific environmental factors associated with space flight and the implications for human reproduction. Space environmental hazards discussed include radiation, alteration in atmospheric pressure and breathing gas partial pressures, prolonged toxicological exposure, and microgravity. The effects of countermeasures necessary to reduce cardiovascular deconditioning, calcium loss, muscle wasting, and neurovestibular problems are also considered. In addition, the impact of microgravity on male fertility and gamete quality is explored. Due to current constraints, human pregnancy is now contraindicated for space flight. However, a program to explore effective countermeasures to current constraints and develop the required health care delivery capability for extended-duration space flight is suggested. A program of Earth- and space-based research to provide further answers to reproductive questions is suggested.

Mixed ligand complexes of alkaline earth metals: Part XII. Mg(II, Ca(II, Sr(II and Ba(II complexes with 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde and salicylaldehyde or hydroxyaromatic ketones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MITHLESH AGRAWAL

2002-04-01

Full Text Available The reactions of alkaline earth metal chlorides with 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde and salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxyacetophenone or 2-hydroxypropiophenone have been carried out in 1 : 1 : 1 mole ratio and the mixed ligand complexes of the type MLL’(H2O2 (where M = Mg(II, Ca(II, Sr(II and Ba(II, HL = 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde and HL’ = salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxyacetophenone or 2-hydroxypropiophenone have been isolated. These complexes were characterized by TLC, conductance measurements, IR and 1H-NMR spectra.

PERSONAL BRANDING PRABOWO SUBIANTO (ANALISIS ISI KUANTITATIF PERSONAL BRANDING PRABOWO SUBIANTO DI SITUS BERITA ONLINE REPUBLIKA.CO.ID DAN TEMPO.CO.ID TANGGAL 9 JUNI - 9 JULI 2014

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hendro Agus Prakoso

2016-09-01

berita kedua media tersebut. Frekuensi berita berjumlah 107 di Republika.co.id dan 51 berita di Tempo.co.id Ragam berita Republika.co.id didominasi konsep Spesialisasi sebesar 22,4% dari 107 berita, sedangkan pada Tempo.co.id didominasi konsep Nama baik sebesar 23,5% dari 51 berita. Sumber berita pada Republika.co.id mayoritas berasal dari Liputan langsung sebesar 42,9% dari 107 berita sedangkan pada Tempo.co.id mayoritas berasal dari Intelektual sebesar 54,9% dari 51 berita.

Part II. Population

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2004-01-01

This monograph deals with assessment of radiological health effects of the Chernobyl accident for emergency workers (part 1) and the population of the contaminated areas in Russia (part 2). The Chernobyl emergency workers and people living in the contaminated areas of Russia received much lower doses than the population of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and it was unclear whether risks of radiation-induced cancers derived with the Japanese data could be extrapolated to the low dose range However, it was predicted as early as in 1990 that the thyroid cancer incidence might be increasing due to incorporated 131 irradiation. What conclusions can be drawn from regarding cancer incidence among emergency workers and residents of the contaminated areas in Russia and the role of the radiation factor on the basis of the registry data? Leukemia incidence. Leukemia incidence is known to be one of principal indications of radiation effects. The radiation risk for leukemias is 3-4 times higher that for solid cancers and its latent period is estimated to be 2-3 years after exposure. Results of the radiation epidemiological studies discussed in this book show that in the worst contaminated Bryansk region the leukemia incidence rate is not higher than in the country in general. Even though some evidence exists for the dose response relationship, the radiation risks appear to be not statistically significant. Since risks of leukemia are known to be higher for those who were children at exposure, long-term epidemiological studies need to be continued. The study of leukemias among emergency workers strongly suggest the existence of dose response relationship. In those who received external doses more than 0.15 Gy the leukemia incidence rate is two time higher and these emergency workers should be referred to as a group of increased radiation risk. Solid cancers. The obtained results provide no evidence to a radiation-induced increase in solid cancers among residents of the contaminated areas

The tempo-spatially modulated polarization atmosphere Michelson interferometer.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, ChunMin; Zhu, HuaChun; Zhao, Baochang

2011-05-09

A space-based tempo-spatially modulated polarization atmosphere Michelson interferometer (TSMPAMI) is described. It uses the relative movement between the TSMPAMI and the measured target to change optical path difference. The acquisition method of interferogram is presented. The atmospheric temperatures and horizontal winds can be derived from the optical observations. The measurement errors of the winds and temperatures are discussed through simulations. In the presence of small-scale structures of the atmospheric fields, the errors are found to be significantly influenced by the mismatch of the scenes observed by the adjacent CCD sub-areas aligned along the orbiter's track during successive measurements due to the orbital velocity and the exposure time. For most realistic conditions of the orbit and atmosphere, however, the instrument is proven suitable for measuring the atmospheric parameters. © 2011 Optical Society of America

30 CFR Appendix II to Subpart D of... - Appendix II to Subpart D of Part 18

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... LABOR TESTING, EVALUATION, AND APPROVAL OF MINING PRODUCTS ELECTRIC MOTOR-DRIVEN MINE EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES Machines Assembled With Certified or Explosion-Proof Components, Field Modifications of Approved Machines, and Permits To Use Experimental Equipment Pt. 18, Subpt. D, App. II Appendix II to Subpart D of...

“Venha o teu reino”: representações do tempo na Igreja Evangélica Assembléia de Deus do Brasil (1995-2005.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinicius Emanuel Rodrigues

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho desenvolve uma análise sobre as representações do tempo na maior igreja evangélica pentecostal do Brasil, a Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus (fundada em 1911, entre os anos 1995 e 2005. Fundamentados no pensamento teórico de Roger Chartier, Norbert Elias e Mircea Eliade discorremos sobre como essa igreja sofre influências do modelo linear de tempo do cristianismo, assim como realiza releituras do tempo secular inserindo-o no tempo sagrado a partir de sua cosmovisão escatológica. O período escolhido para análise também manifesta o pensamento da igreja sobre um elemento muito presente nas sociedades ocidentais das viradas de século e de milênio, o “milenarismo”. Para tanto, nos utilizamos de fontes muito pertinentes para a compreensão desses elementos, trata-se do principal órgão de doutrinação da instituição, a revista Lições Bíblicas, e de seu jornal oficial, o Mensageiro da Paz, ambos hegemônicos em seus segmentos e, portanto, reveladores do discurso oficial da referida igreja.

Investigação de perdas devido ao trabalho inacabado e o seu impacto no tempo de ciclo dos processos construtivos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Ricardo Ramos Santos

Full Text Available Resumo As perdas na construção civil constituem um entrave à melhoria da produtividade. Dentre os diversos tipos de perdas, o making-do se destaca por representar uma fonte de outras perdas. Fireman et al. (2013, ao estudarem o making-do, concluíram que ele pode ser desencadeado por um tipo de perda geral, denominada de trabalho inacabado. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar a ocorrência do trabalho inacabado nos processos construtivos e o seu impacto no tempo de ciclo dos serviços. A pesquisa foi de um levantamento de campo em cinco canteiros, envolvendo observação direta. Utilizou-se como ferramentas de pesquisa: formulário, questionários e checklist, adaptados da literatura para identificação e classificação do trabalho inacabado, bem como aferição do seu impacto no tempo de ciclo. Houve também entrevistas não estruturadas com os gerentes de obras, mestres e encarregados. Os resultados mostraram que as falhas no sequenciamento das tarefas associadas com falhas na gestão da qualidade serviram de desencadeadores para o trabalho inacabado. Notou-se que os canteiros que apresentaram planos de curto prazo formalizados atenuaram os impactos desse tipo de perda. Na maioria das obras o tempo de ciclo previsto não foi cumprido, observando-se que aquelas que tinham equipe administrativa mais encorpada obtiveram acréscimo de tempo menor.

O espaço social e o tempo histórico na era global: entre dinâmicas culturais inclusivas e excludentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Washington Alves dos Santos

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo buscou estudar com base em pesquisa bibliográfica os conceitos de espaço social e tempo histórico trazendo para o debate a contribuição de diversos autores das Ciências Humanas. No nosso objetivo é problematizar temas como: espaço social, tempo histórico, globalização e cosmopolitismo, populismo e xenofobia, elementos que geram nos ajudam a entender a crise da pertença e das origens. Na medida em que o tribalismo aumenta, reforça a existência de Estados murados na tentativa de manter uma soberania em declínio. Os ideais da luta de classes enquanto uma história política e filosófica perdem sentido e o ser humano se atomiza cada vez mais. Estes sinais para Domenico Losurdo e F. V. Paleólogo revelam a emergência de um direito social sob sequestro. Assim, fomos da emergência humanitária ao estado de exceção, como disse S. Sassen, gerando migrações massivas a Europa, pulsões, brutalidade e complexidade na economia global. São os tempos dos muros caídos (fronteiras e dos muros erguidos (desigualdades.   Palavras-Chave: espaço social, tempo histórico, globalização, populismo, xenofobia

Influência da técnica de anestesia no tempo de ocupação de sala cirúrgica nas operações anorretais Influence of the anesthetic technique on the time spent in operating rooms in anorectal procedures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Gustavo Kotze

2008-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: atualmente cerca de 90% das operações anorretais são realizadas em regime ambulatorial. A técnica anestésica é fator fundamental na busca de reduzido tempo de internação, agilidade no ambiente cirúrgico e redução de custos nestes procedimentos. Não há consenso na literatura sobre qual o melhor tipo de anestesia para essas operações. OBJETIVO: comparar o tempo de ocupação de sala cirúrgica em pacientes submetidos a operações anorretais através da técnica de raquianestesia com bupivacaína 0,5% isobárica comparada com a técnica de anestesia venosa com propofol associada ao bloqueio perianal local com lidocaína a 2% e bupivacaína 0,5%. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 99 pacientes divididos em 2 grupos: grupo I (raquianestesia, composto por 50 pacientes e grupo II (anestesia combinada, composto por 49 pacientes. Foram estudados os procedimentos cirúrgicos e o tempo de procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico, e medida indireta da ocupação da sala cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos estudados em relação ao tipo de procedimento cirúrgico, sexo e idade. O tempo médio do procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico, no grupo I foi de 53,1 min e de 44,08 min no grupo II (p=0,034. CONCLUSÕES: As duas técnicas estudadas foram eficazes. Houve menor tempo de procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico nos pacientes operados com anestesia combinada, com significância estatística.INTRODUCTION: around ninety percent of anorectal surgical procedures are performed as day cases. The choice of a proper anesthetic technique is important to achieve reduced time in the operating rooms, hospital stay and low costs. There is no evidence in the literature that a superior type of anesthesia for these procedures exists. OBJECTIVE: to compare the time spent on operating rooms in patients submitted to anorectal surgical procedures through spinal anesthesia (0,5% bupivacaine with combined anesthesia

CERN scientists take part in the Tevatron Run II performance review committee

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2002-01-01

Tevatron Run II is under way at Fermilab, exploring the high-energy frontier with upgraded detectors that will address some of the biggest questions in particle physics.Until CERN's LHC switches on, the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider is the world's only source of top quarks. It is the only place where we can search for supersymmetry, for the Higgs boson, and for signatures of additional dimensions of space-time. The US Department of Energy (DOE) recently convened a high-level international review committee to examine Fermilab experts' first-phase plans for the accelerator complex. Pictured here with a dipole magnet in CERN's LHC magnet test facility are the four CERN scientists who took part in the DOE's Tevatron review. Left to right: Francesco Ruggiero, Massimo Placidi, Flemming Pedersen, and Karlheinz Schindl. Further information: CERN Courier 43 (1)

Implementing AORN recommended practices for a safe environment of care, part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Kennedy, Lynne

2014-09-01

Construction in and around a working perioperative suite is a challenge beyond merely managing traffic patterns and maintaining the sterile field. The AORN "Recommended practices for a safe environment of care, part II" provides guidance on building design; movement of patients, personnel, supplies, and equipment; environmental controls; safety and security; and control of noise and distractions. Whether the OR suite evolves through construction, reconstruction, or remodeling, a multidisciplinary team of construction experts and health care professionals should create a functional plan and communicate at every stage of the project to maintain a safe environment and achieve a well-designed outcome. Emergency preparedness, a facility-wide security plan, and minimization of noise and distractions in the OR also help enhance the safety of the perioperative environment. Copyright © 2014 AORN, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Escolha de modo no acesso terrestre a aeroportos considerando a confiabilidade do tempo de viagem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bianca Bianchi Alves

2011-09-01

Full Text Available

Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho é identificar variações sistemáticas da importância atribuída por viajantes aéreos aos fatores que influenciam a escolha de modo para acesso terrestre ao Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo. A análise utilizou dados de uma pesquisa de preferência declarada conduzida com residentes na região viajando para destinos internacionais. Os indivíduos ordenavam 4 alternativas: automóvel, táxi, ônibus expresso existente e um trem expresso proposto, descritas pelos atributos de custo, tempo esperado de viagem e confiabilidade do tempo de viagem, expressa através de uma margem de segurança. Modelos de escolha discreta foram estimados, considerando os efeitos de painel, aninhamento e de inércia. Os resultados indicaram que viajantes a negócios e de alta renda são menos sensíveis ao custo da viagem de acesso ao aeroporto. A importância da confiabilidade do tempo de viagem é maior do que a atribuída ao tempo esperado de viagem e não foi afetada por variações sistemáticas.

Palavras-chave: valor de confiabilidade; acesso terrestre a aeroportos; escolha de modo; modelo logit misto; preferência declarada.

Abstract: The paper analyses systematic variation of tastes and preferences of air travelers regarding the choice of mode for the ground access to the São Paulo International Airport. A stated preference survey was conducted with individuals traveling to international destinations. Each respondent ranked 4 alternatives: auto, taxi, the existing express bus, and a proposed express train. Attributes describing modes were travel cost, average travel time and travel time reliability, expressed as a safety margin – the time period allocated by the individual for arriving at the airport at the preferred time. Discrete mode choice models were estimated, considering panel, nesting and inertia effects. Results indicated that business and higher income

All About Dowels - A Review Part II Considerations After Cementation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zishan Dangra

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The present review summarizes the published literature examining cementation of the dowel and factors related to it. The peer reviewed English language literature was reviewed from the period 1990 to 2015. Articles were searched in Pubmed/ Medline for the relevant terms. Additional manual searches of some dental journals were also carried out. The original key terms resulted in 228 articles. After applying inclusion criteria, 64 articles remained to be included in part II of this review. Article search indicates that most published literature on dowels are in the form of in vitro analysis. Literature on prefabricated dowel systems far exceeds than the custom cast dowel and newer fibre dowels. Clinical evidence is not sufficient and cannot be used to inform practice confidently. However, within the limitations of this review it is suggested that adhesive fixation is preferred in case of short dowel. Dowel width should be as small as possible. A ferrule of 2 mm has to be provided. Composites have proven to be a good core material provided that adequate tooth structure remained for bonding. Dowel should be inserted if endodontically treated tooth is to be used as abutment for removable partial dentures.

Thinking in nursing education. Part II. A teacher's experience.

Science.gov (United States)

Ironside, P M

1999-01-01

Across academia, educators are investigating teaching strategies that facilitate students' abilities to think critically. Because may these strategies require low teacher-student ratios or sustained involvement over time, efforts to implement them are often constrained by diminishing resources for education, faculty reductions, and increasing number of part-time teachers and students. In nursing, the challenges of teaching and learning critical thinking are compounded by the demands of providing care to patients with increasingly acute and complex problems in a wide variety of settings. To meet these challenges, nurse teachers have commonly used a variety of strategies to teach critical thinking (1). For instance, they often provide students with case studies or simulated clinical situations in classroom and laboratory settings (2). At other times, students are taught a process of critical thinking and given structured clinical assignments, such as care plans or care maps, where they apply this process in anticipating the care a particular patient will require. Accompanying students onto clinical units, teachers typically evaluate critical thinking ability by reviewing a student's preparation prior to the experience and discussing it with the student during the course of the experience. The rationales students provide for particular nursing interventions are taken as evidence of their critical thinking ability. While this approach is commonly thought to be effective, the evolving health care system has placed increased emphasis on community nursing (3,4), where it is often difficult to prespecify learning experiences or to anticipate patient care needs. In addition, teachers are often not able to accompany each student to the clinical site. Thus, the traditional strategies for teaching and learning critical thinking common to hospital-based clinical courses are being challenged, transformed, and extended (5). Part II of this article describes findings that suggest

Mammalian Toxicity of Munition Compounds. Phase II. Effects of Multiple Doses. Part III. 2,6-Dinitrotoluene

Science.gov (United States)

1976-07-01

and the neuromuscular effects in these dogs were not due to hypocalcemia . The lowest serum calcium concen- tration in these dogs was 4.2 meq/liter...motor end plate might produce a local hypocalcemia . Such a mechanism is purely speculative. Qualitatively and quantitavely, most of the effects of 2,6...I ýNw,- -MIM I/ MIDWEST RESEARCH INS14ITUTE H0q .3L I LU -_ MAMMALIAN TOXICITY OF MUNITIONS COMPOUlNDSPHASE II: EFFECTS OF MiULTIPLE DOSES C* •PART

Modelo computacional para suporte à decisão em áreas irrigadas. Parte II: testes e aplicação Computer model for decision support in irrigated areas. Part II: tests and application

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo A. Ferreira

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Apresentou-se, na Parte I desta pesquisa, o desenvolvimento de um modelo computacional denominado MCID, para suporte à tomada de decisão quanto ao planejamento e manejo de projetos de irrigação e/ou drenagem. Objetivou-se, na Parte II, testar e aplicar o MCID. No teste comparativo com o programa DRAINMOD, espaçamentos entre drenos, obtidos com o MCID, foram ligeiramente maiores ou idênticos. Os espaçamentos advindos com o MCID e o DRAINMOD foram consideravelmente maiores que os obtidos por meio de metodologias tradicionais de dimensionamento de sistemas de drenagem. A produtividade relativa total, YRT, obtida com o MCID foi, em geral, inferior à conseguida com o DRAINMOD, devido a diferenças de metodologia ao se estimar a produtividade da cultura em resposta ao déficit hídrico. Na comparação com o programa CROPWAT, obtiveram-se resultados muito próximos para (YRT e evapotranspiração real. O modelo desenvolvido foi aplicado para as condições do Projeto Jaíba, MG, para culturas perenes e anuais cultivadas em diferentes épocas. Os resultados dos testes e aplicações indicaram a potencialidade do MCID como ferramenta de apoio à decisão em projetos de irrigação e/ou drenagem.Part I of this research presented the development of a decision support model, called MCID, for planning and managing irrigation and/or drainage projects. Part II is aimed at testing and applying MCID. In a comparative test with the DRAINMOD model, drain spacings obtained with MCID were slightly larger or identical. The spacings obtained with MCID and DRAINMOD were considerably larger than those obtained through traditional methodologies of design of drainage systems. The relative crop yield (YRT obtained with MCID was, in general, lower than the one obtained with DRAINMOD due to differences in the estimate of crop response to water deficit. In comparison with CROPWAT, very close results for YRT and for actual evapotranspiration were obtained. The

Impact of monovalent cations on soil structure. Part II. Results of two Swiss soils

Science.gov (United States)

Farahani, Elham; Emami, Hojat; Keller, Thomas

2018-01-01

In this study, we investigated the impact of adding solutions with different potassium and sodium concentrations on dispersible clay, water retention characteristics, air permeability, and soil shrinkage behaviour using two agricultural soils from Switzerland with different clay content but similar organic carbon to clay ratio. Three different solutions (including only Na, only K, and the combination of both) were added to soil samples at three different cation ratio of soil structural stability levels, and the soil samples were incubated for one month. Our findings showed that the amount of readily dispersible clay increased with increasing Na concentrations and with increasing cation ratio of soil structural stability. The treatment with the maximum Na concentration resulted in the highest water retention and in the lowest shrinkage capacity. This was was associated with high amounts of readily dispersible clay. Air permeability generally increased during incubation due to moderate wetting and drying cycles, but the increase was negatively correlated with readily dispersible clay. Readily dispersible clay decreased with increasing K, while readily dispersible clay increased with increasing K in Iranian soil (Part I of our study). This can be attributed to the different clay mineralogy of the studied soils (muscovite in Part I and illite in Part II).

Análise tempo-intensidade dos estímulos doce e amargo de extrato de folhas de estévia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bert. Bertoni] em doçura equivalente a sacarose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CARDELLO Helena Maria André Bolini

1999-01-01

Full Text Available O extrato de folhas de estévia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni é o único edulcorante utilizado na substituição da sacarose, que pode ser produzido totalmente no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os comportamentos de características temporais dos estímulos doce e amargo da estevia em doçuras equivalentes a soluções de sacarose (DESS a 3 e 10%. As curvas tempo-intensidade (T-I para cada substância foram coletadas utilizando-se o programa "Sistema de Coleta de Dados Tempo-Intensidade - SCDTI" para Windows, onde os provadores registravam com auxílio do "mouse" a percepção de cada estímulo solicitado em função do tempo, para cada amostra. Os parâmetros das curvas T-I coletados foram: tempo de intensidade máxima (TImax, intensidade máxima (Imax, tempo onde a intensidade máxima começa a declinar (Td, tempo de platô (Platô, área sob a curva (Área e tempo total de duração do estímulo (Ttot. Os parâmetros Td, Ttot, Área e Platô das curvas T-I para o estímulo doce nos dois níveis de doçura foram significativamente superiores para estévia, enquanto TImax e Imax foram significativamente menores (p£0,05, sendo que as diferenças entre os valores para as duas substâncias foram muito maiores a DESS a 10%. A sacarose não apresentou nenhum registro para o estímulo amargo tanto a 3 como a 10%, enquanto a estévia apresentou curvas T-I características, com intensidade e o tempo total de duração dependente da concentração.

Seismic risk analysis for General Electric Plutonium Facility, Pleasanton, California. Final report, part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1980-01-01

This report is the second of a two part study addressing the seismic risk or hazard of the special nuclear materials (SNM) facility of the General Electric Vallecitos Nuclear Center at Pleasanton, California. The Part I companion to this report, dated July 31, 1978, presented the seismic hazard at the site that resulted from exposure to earthquakes on the Calaveras, Hayward, San Andreas and, additionally, from smaller unassociated earthquakes that could not be attributed to these specific faults. However, while this study was in progress, certain additional geologic information became available that could be interpreted in terms of the existance of a nearby fault. Although substantial geologic investigations were subsequently deployed, the existance of this postulated fault, called the Verona Fault, remained very controversial. The purpose of the Part II study was to assume the existance of such a capable fault and, under this assumption, to examine the loads that the fault could impose on the SNM facility. This report first reviews the geologic setting with a focus on specifying sufficient geologic parameters to characterize the postulated fault. The report next presents the methodology used to calculate the vibratory ground motion hazard. Because of the complexity of the fault geometry, a slightly different methodology is used here compared to the Part I report. This section ends with the results of the calculation applied to the SNM facility. Finally, the report presents the methodology and results of the rupture hazard calculation

Trauma torácico: importância da antibioticoterapia sobre o tempo de internação

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fontelles Mauro José

2001-01-01

Full Text Available No que tange a comprovada eficácia da drenagem pleural fechada, grande controvérsia ainda persiste em relação ao uso associado da antibioticoterapia. Os autores estudaram 167 pacientes, com trauma isolado do tórax, com objetivo de avaliar a importância do uso do antibiótico sobre o tempo de internação pós-drenagem pleural fechada. Dois grupos de pacientes foram incluídos num estudo longitudinal e prospectivo de acompanhamento de coortes. O grupo controle incluiu 104 pacientes sem uso da antibioticoterapia; no grupo experimental, 63 pacientes receberam a cefalotina sódica no pós-operatório (500 mg IV - 6/6 h. Entre os pacientes estudados, 12 (7.2% apresentavam trauma fechado; 98 (58.6%, ferimento por arma branca; 41 (24.6% ferida por projétil de arma de fogo e, 16 (9.6% lesões por outros agentes vulnerantes. Entre os pacientes do grupo controle o tempo médio de permanência hospitalar foi de 5.7± 3.2 dias e, no grupo com antibiótico, 5.7± 2.9 dias. Os resultados mostraram que nos pacientes que não receberam antibiótico e evoluíram com algum tipo de complicação pleuropulmonar, o tempo de internação foi, em média, 3.2 dias maior que nos demais.

Determinação e análise das constantes de tempo de um sensor anelar de temperatura em leito fixo - DOI: 10.4025/actascitechnol.v25i1.2225

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Mario de Matos Jorge

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma metodologia teórico-experimental que possibilitou a determinação e a análise das constantes de tempo dos cinco termopares que compõem um sensor anelar de temperatura instalado em leito fixo. Para tal, foram efetuadas perturbações tipo degrau na temperatura do ar que passa pelo sensor, sendo as respostas térmicas registradas mediante medidas periódicas de temperatura até que o sensor alcançasse a condição de regime permanente. Posteriormente, as constantes de tempo foram estimadas a partir do ajuste de um modelo matemático do sensor por regressões lineares. Tanto o modelo matemático como a técnica utilizada para o ajuste das constantes de tempo foram adequados. Cada um dos termopares que compõem o sensor anelar apresentou constantes de tempo distintas. O termopar anelar externo, r = 0,027m, e o termopar central, r = 0m, apresentam o maior e o menor valor de constante de tempo, respectivamente, independentemente da vazão utilizada.

CHILD WELFARE IN CANADA : PART II

OpenAIRE

松本, 眞一; Shinichi, Matsumoto; 桃山学院大学社会学部

2006-01-01

This part study aims to research on the whole aspect of child protection in Canada. And so, this paper consists of five chapters as follows: (1)Canadian history of child protection, (2)definition of child abuse, (3)current situation of child protection in Canada, (4)outline of child protection and treatment, (5)triangular comparison of child protection and prevention in Canada, Australia and England. The first efforts at identifying and combating child abuse occurred in the latter part of the...

Influência do tempo de fotopolimerização de diferentes resinas compostas na sorpção de água = Influence of polymerization time of different composites on water sorption

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guimarães, Fabrício Barbosa Rocha

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Verificar a influência do tempo de polimerização de resinas compostas na absorção de água por diferentes resinas compostas. Metodologia: As resinas multiuso Z250®, compactável P60® e de micropartículas A110® foram utilizadas para a confecção de corpos-de-prova (n=5 por grupo de acordo com o tempo de fotopolimerização (o indicado pelo fabricante, a metade e o dobro do tempo preconizado. A quantidade de água absorvida pelos espécimes foi medida pela variação da massa dos mesmos, que foram pesados imediatamente após sua confecção, a cada 24h por 10 dias, e após 15 e 30 dias. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Resultados: A absorção de água das resinas compostas foi diferente quando o tempo de polimerização foi alterado. A resina de micropartículas teve o melhor comportamento perante a mudança no tempo de fotopolimerização, enquanto que a resina de multiuso foi a que mais absorveu água quando o tempo foi alterado para menos (P<0,05. Conclusão: O tempo de polimerização sugerido pelo fabricante deve ser respeitado para assegurar a manutenção das propriedades desses materiais, independentemente do tipo de resina utilizado

Bromide-free TEMPO-mediated oxidation of primary alcohol groups in starch and methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside.

Science.gov (United States)

Bragd, P L; Besemer, A C; van Bekkum, H

2000-09-22

TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl)-mediated oxidation of potato starch and methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MGP) was performed in the absence of sodium bromide (NaBr) as co-catalyst, solely using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as the primary oxidant. The low reaction rate associated with a bromide-free process was increased by performing the oxidation at increased temperatures. The reaction proceeded stoichiometrically and with high selectivity and with only minor depolymerisation, provided that temperature and pH were kept or = 25 degrees C) and under more alkaline conditions (pH > or = 9.0) degradation of the starch skeleton occurred. Simultaneously, side-reactions of the nitrosonium ion lowered the yield of the oxidation. Despite the absence of the NaBr catalyst, the reaction rate-controlling step was found to be the oxidation of the primary hydroxyl groups with the nitrosonium ion. The reaction was first-order in MGP and in TEMPO.

Tratamento medicamentoso de 1217 pacientes epilépticos. II: estudo em relação à idade de início, ao tempo de doença e à freqüência das crises

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luís Marques-Assis

1970-03-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados 1.217 pacientes epilépticos, adultos em sua maioria, sem alterações neurológicas focais e sem sinais de hipertensão intracraniana. Foram utilizados, para o tratamento, apenas os medicamentos mais difundidos em nosso meio. O estudo foi feito em relação à idade de início da doença, ao tempo de doença e à frequência das crises epilépticas. Quanto à evolução dos casos estudados relativamente à idade de início da doença, o autor concluiu que a evolução foi pior nos casos cuja moléstia teve início na primeira década; considerados apenas os casos desse grupo, aqueles cujas crises se instalaram no primeiro ano de vida não tiveram pior evolução; nos casos em que a doença se manifestou após os 10 anos, a idade de início não influiu sobre a evolução. O estudo da evolução relativamente ao tempo de doença permitiu ao autor concluir que quanto maior o tempo de doença, menores os índices de remissão. No que se refere às influências da severidade da epilepsia no seu prognóstico, o autor concluiu ser tanto menor a probabilidade de remissão do quadro quanto mais freqüentes as crises (30,5% de remissão nas formas mais severas contra 47,6% nas formas benignas. Finalmente, levando em conta a má evolução de alguns casos com formas iniciais da doença, atendidos e orientados precocemente, o autor admite a existência de fatores imponderáveis e imprevisíveis que exercem influência negativa no prognóstico das epilepsias.

Radiation protection instruments based on tissue equivalent proportional counters: Part II of an international intercomparison

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alberts, W.G.; Dietz, E.; Guldbakke, S.; Kluge, H.; Schumacher, H.

1988-04-01

This report describes the irradiation conditions and procedures of Part II of an international intercomparison of tissue-equivalent proportional counters used for radiation protection measurements. The irradiations took place in monoenergetic reference neutron fields produced by the research reactor and accelerator facilities of the PTB Braunschweig in the range from thermal neutrons to 14.8 MeV. In addition measurements were performed in 60 Co and D 2 O-moderated 252 Cf radiation fields. Prototype instruments from 7 European groups were investigated. The results of the measurements are summarized and compared with the reference data of the irradiations. (orig.) [de

The prediction of creep damage in Type 347 weld metal: part II creep fatigue tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spindler, M.W.

2005-01-01

Calculations of creep damage under conditions of strain control are often carried out using either a time fraction approach or a ductility exhaustion approach. In part I of this paper the rupture strength and creep ductility data for a Type 347 weld metal were fitted to provide the material properties that are used to calculate creep damage. Part II of this paper examines whether the time fraction approach or the ductility exhaustion approach gives the better predictions of creep damage in creep-fatigue tests on the same Type 347 weld metal. In addition, a new creep damage model, which was developed by removing some of the simplifying assumptions that are made in the ductility exhaustion approach, was used. This new creep damage model is a function of the strain rate, stress and temperature and was derived from creep and constant strain rate test data using a reverse modelling technique (see part I of this paper). It is shown that the new creep damage model gives better predictions of creep damage in the creep-fatigue tests than the time fraction and the ductility exhaustion approaches

A comprehensive review and update on the biologic treatment of adult noninfectious uveitis: part II.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Kyungmin; Bajwa, Asima; Freitas-Neto, Clovis A; Metzinger, Jamie Lynne; Wentworth, Bailey A; Foster, C Stephen

2014-11-01

Treatment of adult, noninfectious uveitis remains a major challenge for ophthalmologists around the world, especially in regard to recalcitrant cases. It is reported to comprise approximately 10% of preventable blindness in the USA. The cause of uveitis can be idiopathic or associated with infectious and systemic disorders. The era of biologic medical therapies provides new options for patients with otherwise treatment-resistant inflammatory eye disease. This two-part review gives a comprehensive overview of the existing medical treatment options for patients with adult, noninfectious uveitis, as well as important advances for the treatment ocular inflammation. Part I covers classic immunomodulation and latest information on corticosteroid therapy. In part II, emerging therapies are discussed, including biologic response modifiers, experimental treatments and ongoing clinical studies for uveitis. The hazard of chronic corticosteroid use in the treatment of adult, noninfectious uveitis is well documented. Corticosteroid-sparing therapies, which offer a very favorable risk-benefit profile when administered properly, should be substituted. Although nothing is currently approved for on-label use in this indication, many therapies, through either translation or novel basic science research, have the potential to fill the currently exposed gaps.

Análise do campo elétrico atmosférico durante tempo bom e distúrbios geofísicos

OpenAIRE

Anaya, José Carlos Tacza

2015-01-01

Neste trabalho de dissertação apresenta-se a capabilidade de uma nova rede de sensores para monitorar o campo elétrico atmosférico em vários locais na América do Sul. O objetivo principal é obter a curva diária do campo elétrico atmosférico de tempo bom. Para isto foram realizadas médias mensais, sazonais e anuais. Essa curva é comparada com a curva característica em Tempo Universal conhecida como a Curva de Carnegie, a qual é relacionada com as correntes fluindo no Circuito Elétrico Atmosfér...

Estudo do efeito de novas técnicas de lupulização no tempo de prateleira da cerveja artesanal

OpenAIRE

Silva, Helder Rainha e

2015-01-01

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Biológica (área de especialização em Tecnologia Química e Alimentar) Uma vez que as cervejas produzidas pelo método artesanal não são pasteurizadas nem filtradas, deterioram-se mais rapidamente. Um possível método para aumento do tempo de prateleira da cerveja artesanal é o uso de estratégias com base na adição de lúpulo em diferentes tempos e fases do processo de produção de cerveja. Este projeto tem como principal objetivo o estudo...

TEMPO/viologen electrochemical heterojunction for diffusion-controlled redox mediation: a highly rectifying bilayer-sandwiched device based on cross-reaction at the interface between dissimilar redox polymers.

Science.gov (United States)

Tokue, Hiroshi; Oyaizu, Kenichi; Sukegawa, Takashi; Nishide, Hiroyuki

2014-03-26

A couple of totally reversible redox-active molecules, which are different in redox potentials, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and viologen (V(2+)), were employed to give rise to a rectified redox conduction effect. Single-layer and bilayer devices were fabricated using polymers containing these sites as pendant groups per repeating unit. The devices were obtained by sandwiching the redox polymer layer(s) with indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass and Pt foil electrodes. Electrochemical measurements of the single-layer device composed of polynorbornene-bearing TEMPO (PTNB) exhibited a diffusion-limited current-voltage response based on the TEMPO(+)/TEMPO exchange reaction, which was almost equivalent to a redox gradient through the PTNB layer depending upon the thickness. The bilayer device gave rise to the current rectification because of the thermodynamically favored cross-reaction between TEMPO(+) and V(+) at the polymer/polymer interface. A current-voltage response obtained for the bilayer device demonstrated a two-step diffusion-limited current behavior as a result of the concurrent V(2+)/V(+) and V(+)/V(0) exchange reactions according to the voltage and suggested that the charge transport process through the device was most likely to be rate-determined by a redox gradient in the polymer layer. Current collection experiments revealed a charge transport balance throughout the device, as a result of the electrochemical stability and robustness of the polymers in both redox states.

Os Cadernos do Nosso Tempo e o interesse nacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Buarque de Hollanda

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Cet article a pour but de rechercher et de mettre à jour l'intérêt national des auteurs-éditeurs des Cadernos do Nosso Tempo édités par l'Instituto Brasileiro de Economia, Sociologia e Política (IBESP entre décembre 1953 et mars 1956. A partir de la lecture systématique des Cadernos et d'une bibliographie pertinente, l'auteur traite des compréhensions dont il est question sur le bilan de la politique, le développement potentiel de la nation, ses entraves et, finalement, le legs politique de Getúlio Vargas. Pour les intellectuels do l'IBESP, le nationalisme bien compris est le Seul moyen permettant de surmonter l'expérience politique fragmentaire.

French RSE-M and RCC-MR code appendices for flaw analysis: Presentation of the fracture parameters calculation-Part II: Cracked plates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marie, S.; Chapuliot, S.; Kayser, Y.; Lacire, M.H.; Drubay, B.; Barthelet, B.; Le Delliou, P.; Rougier, V.; Naudin, C.; Gilles, P.; Triay, M.

2007-01-01

French nuclear codes include flaw assessment procedures: the RSE-M Code 'Rules for In-service Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components' and the RCC-MR code 'Design and Construction rules for mechanical components of FBR nuclear islands and high temperature applications'. An important effort of development of these analytical methods has been made for the last 10 years in the frame of a collaboration between CEA, EDF and AREVA-NP, and in the frame of R and D actions involving CEA and IRSN. These activities have led to a unification of the common methods of the two codes. The calculation of fracture mechanics parameters, and in particular the stress intensity factor K I and the J integral, has been widely developed for industrial configurations. All the developments have been integrated in the 2005 edition of RSE-M and in the 2007 edition of RCC-MR. This series of articles is composed of 5 parts: the first part presents an overview of the methods proposed in the RCC-MR and RSE-M codes. Parts II-IV provide compendia for specific components. The geometries are plates (part II), pipes (part III) and elbows (part IV). Finally, part V presents the validation elements of the methods, with details on the process followed for the development and evaluation of the accuracy of the proposed analytical methods. This second article in the series presents all details for the stress intensity factor and J calculations for cracked plates. General data applicable for all defect geometries are first presented, and then, available defect geometries where compendia for K I and σ ref calculation are provided are given

Digital logic circuit design with ALTERA MAX+PLUS II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Seung Ho; Park, Yong Su; Park, Gun Jong; Lee, Ju Heon

2006-09-01

This book is composed of five parts. The first part has introduction of ALTERA MAX+PLUS II and graphic editor, text editor, compiler, waveform editor simulator and timing analyzer of it. The second part is about direction of digital logic circuit design with training kit. The third part has grammar and practice of VHDL in ALTERA MAX+PLUS II including example and history of VHDL. The fourth part shows the design example of digital logic circuit by VHDL of ALTERA MAX+PLUS II which lists designs of adder and subtractor, code converter, counter, state machine and LCD module. The last part explains design example of digital logic circuit by graphic editor in ALTERA MAX+PLUS II.

Compósitos de borracha natural ou policloropreno e celulose II: influência do tamanho de partícula Natural rubber or chloroprene rubber and cellulose II composites: influence of particle size

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruno de A. Napolitano

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de compósitos claros com propriedades de interesse tecnológico utilizando elastômeros com diferentes polaridades. Para que este objetivo fosse atingido, celulose II em pó foi usada como carga, em borracha natural (NR ou policloropreno (CR. A celulose II foi obtida por coagulação da solução de xantato de celulose em meio ácido, sob agitação constante e à temperatura ambiente, constituindo uma nova forma de obtenção deste tipo de carga. Compósitos com 10 phr de celulose II com NR e CR, respectivamente, foram desenvolvidos tendo como variável o tamanho de partícula da carga. As propriedades mecânicas e os aspectos microscópicos dos diferentes compósitos foram avaliados e comparados com aqueles das formulações sem carga. Os resultados permitiram identificar o compósito como o de melhor resultado, influenciado pela polaridade da matriz elastomérica e pelo tamanho de partícula da carga, conseqüência das condições de moagem usadas.The aim of this work was to develop light composites with properties of technological interest by using elastomers of different polarities. This was achieved by employing cellulose II, in the powder form, as filler in natural rubber (NR and chloroprene (CR. Cellulose II was obtained by coagulation of cellulose xanthate solution, in acid medium, under stirring and at room temperature, which represents, to our knowledge, a new way of obtaining this type of filler. Composites with 10phr of cellulose II and NR or CR were prepared having the particle size as variable. The mechanical properties and the microscopic aspect of the different composites were evaluated and compared with compounds without filler. The results indicated best results for the CR composite, influenced by the polarity of the elastomeric matrix and by the particle size, as a consequence of the milling conditions of the filler used.

Giovanni Paolo II – l’uomo buono

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stanisław Wronka

2005-06-01

Full Text Available L’andare di Giovanni Paolo II alla casa del Padre ha toccato profondamente tutti, credenti e non credenti. Il modo in cui il Papa viveva i suoi ultimi giorni, segnati dalla sofferenza, la sua pasqua dalla morte alla vita in Dio, ha confermato definitivamente la sua grandezza. Agli occhi del mondo è sfavillata la sua bella umanità e allo stesso tempo si è aperto unenorme e doloroso vuoto. La vicenda dell’uomo rassomiglia a quella di un albero: si può valutarne bene la grandezza, salute e posto nel paesaggio solo quando è abbattuto. L’umanità del Santo Padre era tutta tessuta dei valori massimi di verità, libertà, amore... Il Papa li realizzava con radicalismo e coraggio che però sapeva unire alla mitezza e rispetto verso gli altri. Questa difficile sintesi testimonia il suo genio morale. Il fondamento dell’umanità di Giovanni Paolo II era la fede in Dio che rafforza le naturali capacità dell’uomo e permette di unire tutti gli elementi della realtà umana, inclusa la sofferenza e morte, in un armonioso insieme. Il legame con Dio non lo separava dagli uomini, ma lo apriva ancor di più a loro. Infatti, accanto a lui si radunavano sia giovani che adulti ed egli li univa sulla base dei valori che riconosceva. Col passare del tempo, la comunità attorno a lui aumentava, nel giorno del suo funerale abbracciava pressoché tutto il mondo. Ciò dimostra la giustezza dell’antropologia evangelica alla cui luce costruiva tutta la sua vita. I mezzi con cui il Santo Padre foggiava la sua umanità erano semplici, ma esigenti. La fonte della forza e della luce costituiva per lui soprattutto una fervida e costante preghiera, frequente partecipazione ai sacramenti e sistematica meditazione sulla Parola di Dio. A queste pratiche religiose univa un solido studio delle diverse materie: letteratura, filosofia, teologia. Con passione perseguiva la verità, voleva raggiungere l’essenza delle cose e fenomeni, trattava le questioni del

EL español andino. II parte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubén Arboleda Toro

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En el número 13 de esta revista (nov. del 2000 se publicó una primera parte del estudio sobre el español andino. Presentamos ahora una segunda parte que comprende aspectos histórico-geográficos de Nariño y Putumayo andinos, región de Colombia donde se habla esa variedad, y una descripción general de su realidad lingüística. Esperamos que sean objeto de otra publicación la descripción de los rasgos dialectales del español andino, parte nuclear del trabajo, y la presentación de la metodología y el corpus. En esto nos encontramos trabajando. Incluimos no obstante un inventario de rasgos más amplio que el presentado en la primera parte. Pero por ahora se trata de eso, de un inventario ilustrativo, no del análisis en el que estamos empeñados, en el marco del contacto de lenguas, el cambio lingüístico y la relación entre la norma y las posibilidades del sistema. Para contextualizar esta segunda parte, incluimos, a manera de introducción, un resumen de la primera.

Polimixina B: efeito dose e tempo dependente na nefrotoxicidade in vitro Polymyxin B: dose and time dependent nephrotoxicity effect in vitro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciana Barros de Moura Neiva

2013-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a toxicidade da polimixina B (PmxB em células renais em dosagem e tempos diferentes. MÉTODOS: Células LLC-PK1, cultivadas em placas multiwell de 12 poços, foram divididas nos seguintes grupos: Controle (CTL - células mantidas em meio DMEM suplementado a 5%; G1 - células expostas à concentração de 75mM de PmxB; G2 - células expostas à concentração de 375mM de PmxB. Cada grupo foi avaliado nos tempos de 24, 48 e 72 horas quanto à viabilidade celular (Acridine Orange/Brometo de Etídio e apoptose (Hoechst 33342. RESULTADOS: Os dados demonstraram a viabilidade celular e a apoptose à exposição de três doses de PmxB em três intervalos de tempo, com um aumento significativo da toxicidade à elevação das doses e ao maior tempo de permanência no antibiótico para apoptose. CONCLUSÃO: A citotoxicidade pela PmxB, no modelo de cultivo celular, se mostrou tempo e dose dependente, aumentando com a maior exposição e maior dose de antibiótico.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the toxicity of polymyxin B (PmxB in renal cell in different dosage and times. METHODS: LLC-PK1 cells grown in 12 well multiwell plates were divided into the following groups: Control (CTL - cells maintained in DMEM supplemented with 5%; G1 - cells exposed to concentration of 75µM PmxB G2 - cells exposed to concentration of 375µM PmxB. Each group was assessed at 24,48 and 72 hours as for cell viability (Acridine orange/ethidium bromide and apoptosis (Hoechst 33342. RESULTS: The data demonstrate the cell viability and apoptosis exposure of three doses of PmxB in three time intervals, with a significant increase in toxicity to high doses and longer duration of stay in the antibiotic to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Cytotoxicity by PmxB in cell culture model, showed to be time and dose dependent, increasing with increased exposure and higher dose of antibiotic.

When music tempo affects the temporal congruence between physical practice and motor imagery.

Science.gov (United States)

Debarnot, Ursula; Guillot, Aymeric

2014-06-01

When people listen to music, they hear beat and a metrical structure in the rhythm; these perceived patterns enable coordination with the music. A clear correspondence between the tempo of actual movement (e.g., walking) and that of music has been demonstrated, but whether similar coordination occurs during motor imagery is unknown. Twenty participants walked naturally for 8m, either physically or mentally, while listening to slow and fast music, or not listening to anything at all (control condition). Executed and imagined walking times were recorded to assess the temporal congruence between physical practice (PP) and motor imagery (MI). Results showed a difference when comparing slow and fast time conditions, but each of these durations did not differ from soundless condition times, hence showing that body movement may not necessarily change in order to synchronize with music. However, the main finding revealed that the ability to achieve temporal congruence between PP and MI times was altered when listening to either slow or fast music. These data suggest that when physical movement is modulated with respect to the musical tempo, the MI efficacy of the corresponding movement may be affected by the rhythm of the music. Practical applications in sport are discussed as athletes frequently listen to music before competing while they mentally practice their movements to be performed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Hypervalent iodine/TEMPO-mediated oxidation in flow systems: a fast and efficient protocol for alcohol oxidation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nida Ambreen

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Hypervalent iodine(III/TEMPO-mediated oxidation of various aliphatic, aromatic and allylic alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds was successfully achieved by using microreactor technology. This method can be used as an alternative for the oxidation of various alcohols achieving excellent yields and selectivities in significantly shortened reaction times.

“Der deutschen Jugend!” : The Newspaper Tempo and the Generational Discourse of the Weimar Republic

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hung, J.B.|info:eu-repo/dai/nl/412768704

In the historiography of the Weimar Republic, the concept of ‘generations’ has often been drawn upon to explain the anti-democratic and reactionary attitude of the youth and its role in the demise of the first German democracy. Using the example of the newspaper Tempo, published 1928–33 with a

The Search for Another Earth–Part II

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Permanent link: https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/reso/021/10/0899-0910. Keywords. Exoplanets, earth, super-earth, diamond planet, neptune, habitability, extra-terrestrial life. Abstract. In the first part, we discussed the various methods for thedetection of planets outside the solar system known as theexoplanets. In this part ...

A compressão do tempo e a formação de novos hábitos alimentares : reveses e possibilidades

OpenAIRE

Magalhães, Elcio de Souza

2017-01-01

O aumento da quantidade de brasileiros com excesso de peso está relacionado com as alterações que estão ocorrendo no cotidiano do trabalhador e nos seus hábitos alimentares. Mudanças no mundo do trabalho, na mobilidade e no tempo livre do trabalhador têm estimulado a adoção de novos hábitos alimentares. O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar as relações existentes entre as mudanças que ocorreram nos hábitos alimentares com a compressão do tempo livre do trabalhador, bem como analisar e pro...

Reproduce and die! Why aging? Part II

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schuiling, GA

Whilst in part I of this diptych on aging the question why aging exists at all is discussed; this part deals with the question which mechanisms underly aging and, ultimately, dying. It appears that aging is not just an active process as such - although all kinds of internal (e.g., oxigen-free

Getting to the Source: a Survey of Quantitative Data Sources Available to the Everyday Librarian: Part II: Data Sources from Specific Library Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lisa Goddard

2007-03-01

Full Text Available This is the second part of a two-part article that provides a survey of data sources which are likely to be immediately available to the typical practitioner who wishes to engage in statistical analysis of collections and services within his or her own library. Part I outlines the data elements which can be extracted from web server logs, and discusses web log analysis tools. Part II looks at logs, reports, and data sources from proxy servers, resource vendors, link resolvers, federated search engines, institutional repositories, electronic reference services, and the integrated library system.

Aspirin degradation in surface-charged TEMPO-oxidized mesoporous crystalline nanocellulose.

Science.gov (United States)

Carlsson, Daniel O; Hua, Kai; Forsgren, Johan; Mihranyan, Albert

2014-01-30

TEMPO-mediated surface oxidation of mesoporous highly crystalline Cladophora cellulose was used to introduce negative surface charges onto cellulose nanofibrils without significantly altering other structural characteristics. This enabled the investigation of the influence of mesoporous nanocellulose surface charges on aspirin chemical stability to be conducted. The negative surface charges (carboxylate content 0.44±0.01 mmol/g) introduced on the mesoporous crystalline nanocellulose significantly accelerated aspirin degradation, compared to the starting material which had significantly less surface charge (0.06±0.01 mmol/g). This effect followed from an increased aspirin amorphisation ability in mesopores of the oxidized nanocellulose. These results highlight the importance of surface charges in formulating nanocellulose for drug delivery. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Tempo de Captura de Organismos da Mesofauna do Solo e seus Reflexos na Interpretação de Índices da Comunidade Edáfica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Rodrigues Freire

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMO A mesofauna edáfica compreende organismos de dimensões entre 100 μm e 2 mm, sendo importante avaliar os métodos utilizados para sua caracterização. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram definir o período de tempo de permanência do material de solo no extrator Berlese-Tüllgren para a captura dos organismos da mesofauna e determinar o tempo mínimo de extração para a correta utilização dos índices de Shannon, Simpson, Pielou e Margalef, empregados na avaliação da diversidade, dominância e equabilidade das comunidades da mesofauna. O estudo foi conduzido no Departamento de Solos do Instituto de Agronomia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, em terreno altamente antropizado. Foram instaladas parcelas experimentais com os seguintes tratamentos: feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis, mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima, feijão-bravo-do-Ceará (Canavalia brasiliensis, guandu (Cajanus cajan e vegetação espontânea, em delineamento de quadrado latino. Em cada uma das unidades experimentais, foram coletadas amostras formadas por serapilheira e material de solo, nos primeiros 5 cm da camada superficial do solo realizada um dia antes do plantio das leguminosas (outubro e, posteriormente, por ocasião do corte da parte aérea das plantas (março. As amostras foram submetidas a uma bateria de extratores do tipo Berlese-Tüllgren, por um período de 15 dias, realizando-se a contagem diária dos organismos. A partir da contagem e identificação em nível de grupo (Ordem/Família dos organismos capturados, foram determinados os índices de Margalef, Simpson, Shannon e Pielou, bem como verificou-se a correlação por ordem de Kendall entre os valores obtidos dia a dia até o 8º dia de extração, usando-se o índice de Shannon como referência. Concluiu-se que é possível a redução do tempo de permanência das amostras de material de solo nos funis Berlese-Tüllgren, não sendo recomendável a ado

Thematic Interior at the Indischetafel Café As a Media for Forming Bandung Tempo Dulu’s Athmosphere

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiara Isfiaty

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The interior elements designed in a specific theme are aimed to shape a character, a per- ception, and an atmosphere of spaces. In Bandung, culinary facilities that carry the theme of the old-style interior design of the Dutch East Indies are quite popular. This study aims to contribute guidance in creating the quality of space by applying the selection of decoration and furniture elements (moveable interior elements and the arrangement of walls, floors, and ceilings (unmoveable interior elements. This study applies a case study as a research method and a direct observation of the Indischetafel Café, while the analysis uses a descrip- tive analysis method. This study is to examine aspects of interior element arrangement in the Indischetafel Café in bringing the atmosphere of Bandung Tempo Dulu.   Keywords: thematic interior, interior elements, space atmosphere, Bandung Tempo Dulu

Differential effects of type of keyboard playing task and tempo on surface EMG amplitudes of forearm muscles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyun Ju eChong

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Despite increasing interest in keyboard playing as a strategy for repetitive finger exercises in fine motor skill development and hand rehabilitation, comparative analysis of task-specific finger movements relevant to keyboard playing has been less extensive. This study examined whether there were differences in surface EMG activity levels of forearm muscles associated with different keyboard playing tasks. Results demonstrated higher muscle activity with sequential keyboard playing in a random pattern compared to individuated playing or sequential playing in a successive pattern. Also, the speed of finger movements was found as a factor that affect muscle activity levels, demonstrating that faster tempo elicited significantly greater muscle activity than self-paced tempo. The results inform our understanding of the type of finger movements involved in different types of keyboard playing at different tempi so as to consider the efficacy and fatigue level of keyboard playing as an intervention for amateur pianists or individuals with impaired fine motor skills.

Differential effects of type of keyboard playing task and tempo on surface EMG amplitudes of forearm muscles

Science.gov (United States)

Chong, Hyun Ju; Kim, Soo Ji; Yoo, Ga Eul

2015-01-01

Despite increasing interest in keyboard playing as a strategy for repetitive finger exercises in fine motor skill development and hand rehabilitation, comparative analysis of task-specific finger movements relevant to keyboard playing has been less extensive. This study examined, whether there were differences in surface EMG activity levels of forearm muscles associated with different keyboard playing tasks. Results demonstrated higher muscle activity with sequential keyboard playing in a random pattern compared to individuated playing or sequential playing in a successive pattern. Also, the speed of finger movements was found as a factor that affect muscle activity levels, demonstrating that faster tempo elicited significantly greater muscle activity than self-paced tempo. The results inform our understanding of the type of finger movements involved in different types of keyboard playing at different tempi. This helps to consider the efficacy and fatigue level of keyboard playing tasks when being used as an intervention for amateur pianists or individuals with impaired fine motor skills. PMID:26388798

Complexometric determination, Part II: Complexometric determination of Cu2+-ions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rajković Miloš B.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A copper-selective electrode of the coated wire type based on sulphidized copper wire was applied successfully for determining Cu(II ions by complexometric titration with the disodium salt of EDTA (complexon III. By the formation of internal complex compounds with the Cu(II ion, the copper concentration in the solution decreases, and all this is followed by a change of potential of the indicator system Cu-DWISE (or Cu-EDWISE/SCE. At the terminal point of titration, when all the Cu(II ions are already utilized for the formation of the complex with EDTA, there occurs a steep rise of potential, thus enabling us, through the first or second derivative to note the quantity of copper that is present in the solution. Copper-selective electrode showed a responsivity towards titration with EDTA as a complexing agent, with the absence of "fatigue" due to a great number of repeated measurings. Errors occurring during quantitative measurements were more a characteristic of the overall procedure which involve, because of the impossibility of the complete absence of subjectivity, a constant error, and the reproducibility of the results confirmed this fact. The disodium salt of EDTA appeared as a very efficient titrant in all titrations and with various concentrations ot Cu(II ions in the solution, with somewhat weaker response at lower concentrations in the solution.

Mode and tempo in the evolution of socio-political organization: reconciling ‘Darwinian’ and ‘Spencerian’ evolutionary approaches in anthropology

Science.gov (United States)

Currie, Thomas E.; Mace, Ruth

2011-01-01

Traditional investigations of the evolution of human social and political institutions trace their ancestry back to nineteenth century social scientists such as Herbert Spencer, and have concentrated on the increase in socio-political complexity over time. More recent studies of cultural evolution have been explicitly informed by Darwinian evolutionary theory and focus on the transmission of cultural traits between individuals. These two approaches to investigating cultural change are often seen as incompatible. However, we argue that many of the defining features and assumptions of ‘Spencerian’ cultural evolutionary theory represent testable hypotheses that can and should be tackled within a broader ‘Darwinian’ framework. In this paper we apply phylogenetic comparative techniques to data from Austronesian-speaking societies of Island South-East Asia and the Pacific to test hypotheses about the mode and tempo of human socio-political evolution. We find support for three ideas often associated with Spencerian cultural evolutionary theory: (i) political organization has evolved through a regular sequence of forms, (ii) increases in hierarchical political complexity have been more common than decreases, and (iii) political organization has co-evolved with the wider presence of hereditary social stratification. PMID:21357233

Effect of music tempo on task performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Mayfield, C; Moss, S

1989-12-01

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of music tempo on task performance. In Study 1, 44 undergraduate business students were asked to be "workers" in a stock market project by collecting closing stock prices and calculating the percentage of change in the price from week to week. Subjects were randomly divided into groups such that they either listened to fast-paced music while they worked, to slow-paced music, or to no music. Analyses of variance and covariance were conducted on both the quantity and quality of the subjects' work, using music listening habits as a covariate. There were no differences in either the quantity or quality of the work produced by the groups. There were some methodological concerns regarding Study 1, so a second study was conducted. The 70 undergraduate business students in Study 2 completed the same task under the same music conditions as in Study 1. Analyses of variance indicated women performed significantly better than men, performance was significantly higher in the rock condition than in the heartbeat condition, and subjects in the rock condition had a significantly higher perceived level of distraction by the music.

A fala fora de lugar: testemunho, resto, tempo e linguagem em Ricardo Piglia The speech misplaced: testimony, remnants, time and language in Ricardo Piglia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafaela Scardino

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Um pensamento dedicado ao problema do testemunho defronta, não raro, questões relacionadas, intrinsecamente, a tempo e linguagem. Tais questões surgem no debate como conceitos de larga abordagem, uma vez que acompanham, por milênios, o desenvolvimento das meditações humanas. Giorgio Agamben, em parte significativa de sua obra, insere, no debate acerca do testemunho, um relevante ponto de discussão: o resto. Buscando refletir sobre esses aspectos, em especial sobre testemunho, resto, tempo e linguagem, propomo-nos a analisar o romance A cidade ausente, de Ricardo Piglia, de modo a investigar, na narrativa do escritor argentino, os mecanismos textuais que interrogam as possibilidades (e impossibilidades de constituição da experiência na contemporaneidade.Un pensamiento dedicado al problema del testimonio enfrenta, a menudo, problemas relacionados al tiempo y el lenguaje. Estas cuestiones surgen en el debate como conceptos de largo enfoque, una vez que acompañan el desarrollo de las meditaciones humanas. Giorgio Agamben, en importante parte de su obra, inserta en el debate sobre el testigo, un punto relevante de la discusión: el resto. Buscando reflexionar sobre estos aspectos, especialmente sobre el testimonio, el resto, el tiempo y el lenguaje, nos proponemos analizar la novela La ciudad ausente, de Ricardo Piglia, de modo a investigar, en la narrativa del escritor argentino, los mecanismos textuales que cuestionan las posibilidades (e imposibilidades de la constitución de la experiencia en la contemporaneidad.A thought devoted to the problem of testimony is often obliged to face questions related to time and language. Such issues arise in the debate as concepts of a broader approach, since they are attached to the development of human meditations. Giorgio Agamben, in a significant part of his work, inserts, in the debate about testimony, a relevant point of discussion: the remnant. Seeking to on these aspects, particularly on

A Conversation with William A. Fowler Part II

Science.gov (United States)

Greenberg, John

2005-06-01

Physicist William A.Fowler initiated an experimental program in nuclear astrophysics after World War II. He recalls here the Steady State versus Big Bang controversy and his celebrated collaboration with Fred Hoyle and Geoffrey and Margaret Burbidge on nucleosynthesis in stars. He also comments on the shift away from nuclear physics in universities to large accelerators and national laboratories.

Interview-Based Qualitative Research in Emergency Care Part II: Data Collection, Analysis and Results Reporting

Science.gov (United States)

Ranney, Megan L.; Meisel, Zachary; Choo, Esther K.; Garro, Aris; Sasson, Comilla; Morrow, Kathleen

2015-01-01

Qualitative methods are increasingly being used in emergency care research. Rigorous qualitative methods can play a critical role in advancing the emergency care research agenda by allowing investigators to generate hypotheses, gain an in-depth understanding of health problems or specific populations, create expert consensus, and develop new intervention and dissemination strategies. In Part I of this two-article series, we provided an introduction to general principles of applied qualitative health research and examples of its common use in emergency care research, describing study designs and data collection methods most relevant to our field (observation, individual interviews, and focus groups). Here in Part II of this series, we outline the specific steps necessary to conduct a valid and reliable qualitative research project, with a focus on interview-based studies. These elements include building the research team, preparing data collection guides, defining and obtaining an adequate sample, collecting and organizing qualitative data, and coding and analyzing the data. We also discuss potential ethical considerations unique to qualitative research as it relates to emergency care research. PMID:26284572

Interview-based Qualitative Research in Emergency Care Part II: Data Collection, Analysis and Results Reporting.

Science.gov (United States)

Ranney, Megan L; Meisel, Zachary F; Choo, Esther K; Garro, Aris C; Sasson, Comilla; Morrow Guthrie, Kate

2015-09-01

Qualitative methods are increasingly being used in emergency care research. Rigorous qualitative methods can play a critical role in advancing the emergency care research agenda by allowing investigators to generate hypotheses, gain an in-depth understanding of health problems or specific populations, create expert consensus, and develop new intervention and dissemination strategies. In Part I of this two-article series, we provided an introduction to general principles of applied qualitative health research and examples of its common use in emergency care research, describing study designs and data collection methods most relevant to our field (observation, individual interviews, and focus groups). Here in Part II of this series, we outline the specific steps necessary to conduct a valid and reliable qualitative research project, with a focus on interview-based studies. These elements include building the research team, preparing data collection guides, defining and obtaining an adequate sample, collecting and organizing qualitative data, and coding and analyzing the data. We also discuss potential ethical considerations unique to qualitative research as it relates to emergency care research. © 2015 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine.

Tempo and mode in the macroevolutionary reconstruction of Darwinism.

Science.gov (United States)

Gould, S J

1994-01-01

Among the several central meanings of Darwinism, his version of Lyellian uniformitarianism--the extrapolationist commitment to viewing causes of small-scale, observable change in modern populations as the complete source, by smooth extension through geological time, of all magnitudes and sequences in evolution--has most contributed to the causal hegemony of microevolution and the assumption that paleontology can document the contingent history of life but cannot act as a domain of novel evolutionary theory. G. G. Simpson tried to combat this view of paleontology as theoretically inert in his classic work, Tempo and Mode in Evolution (1944), with a brilliant argument that the two subjects of his title fall into a unique paleontological domain and that modes (processes and causes) can be inferred from the quantitative study of tempos (pattern). Nonetheless, Simpson did not cash out his insight to paleontology's theoretical benefit because he followed the strict doctrine of the Modern Synthesis. He studied his domain of potential theory and concluded that no actual theory could be found--and that a full account of causes could therefore be located in the microevolutionary realm after all. I argue that Simpson was unduly pessimistic and that modernism's belief in reductionistic unification (the conventional view of Western intellectuals from the 1920s to the 1950s) needs to be supplanted by a postmodernist commitment to pluralism and multiple levels of causation. Macro- and microevolution should not be viewed as opposed, but as truly complementary. I describe the two major domains where a helpful macroevolutionary theory may be sought--unsmooth causal boundaries between levels (as illustrated by punctuated equilibrium and mass extinction) and hierarchical expansion of the theory of natural selection to levels both below (gene and cell-line) and above organisms (demes, species, and clades). Problems remain in operationally defining selection at non-organismic levels

Influência do tempo máximo de mistura e transporte especificado pela ABNT NBR 7212:2012 na resistência a compressão de concretos usinados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucas da Silva Barboza

2017-12-01

Full Text Available A ABNT NBR 7212:2012, estipula o tempo máximo para a entrega e lançamento total do concreto em 150 minutos; porém, na prática por vários fatores como logística, congestionamento, problemas com caminhão, entre outros, o tempo limite é extrapolado. Geralmente, por falta de conhecimento técnico, adiciona-se água ao concreto como forma de alterar sua consistência dando a trabalhabilidade desejada, a fim de facilitar o lançamento e obter adequado acabamento do concreto. Este artigo tem como objetivo principal avaliar, em situação real, a variação da consistência do concreto e a percentagem de perda de sua resistência à compressão, no decorrer de um período de 6 horas após o início da hidratação do cimento Portland, ocasionado pela adição de água para correção da fluidez perdida. Os resultados, como esperados, mostram uma redução na trabalhabilidade do concreto com o passar do tempo, obtendo-se, já nas 2 primeiras horas de mistura, um abatimento médio de 105 mm, ou seja, 11,54% inferior ao abatimento médio encontrado no tempo T(0 de 118,7 mm. A correção do abatimento do concreto através da adição de água, no tempo T(6, resultou no aumento do fator água/cimento ocasionando perda de 57,47% de resistência à compressão, quando comparada com as amostras do tempo T(0, aos 28 dias. As soluções oferecidas para este problema são: instruir os funcionários relacionados à concretagem; melhora da logística e utilização de aditivos, garantindo a resistência à compressão prevista na dosagem do concreto.

Asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids via homologation of Ni(II) complexes of glycine Schiff bases. Part 3: Michael addition reactions and miscellaneous transformations.

Science.gov (United States)

Aceña, José Luis; Sorochinsky, Alexander E; Soloshonok, Vadim

2014-09-01

The major goal of this review is a critical discussion of the literature data on asymmetric synthesis of α-amino acids via Michael addition reactions involving Ni(II)-complexes of amino acids. The material covered is divided into two conceptually different groups dealing with applications of: (a) Ni(II)-complexes of glycine as C-nucleophiles and (b) Ni(II)-complexes of dehydroalanine as Michael acceptors. The first group is significantly larger and consequently subdivided into four chapters based on the source of stereocontrolling element. Thus, a chiral auxiliary can be used as a part of nucleophilic glycine Ni(II) complex, Michael acceptor or both, leading to the conditions of matching vs. mismatching stereochemical preferences. The particular focus of the review is made on the practical aspects of the methodology under discussion and mechanistic considerations.

A study of drying and cleaning methods used in preparation for fluorescent penetrant inspection - Part II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brasche, L.; Lopez, R.; Larson, B.

2003-01-01

Fluorescent penetrant inspection is the most widely used method for aerospace components such as critical rotating components of gas turbine engines. Successful use of FPI begins with a clean and dry part, followed by a carefully controlled and applied FPI process, and conscientious inspection by well trained personnel. A variety of cleaning methods are in use for cleaning of titanium and nickel parts with selection based on the soils or contamination to be removed. Cleaning methods may include chemical or mechanical methods with sixteen different types studied as part of this program. Several options also exist for use in drying parts prior to FPI. Samples were generated and exposed to a range of conditions to study the effect of both drying and cleaning methods on the flaw response of FPI. Low cycle fatigue (LCF) cracks were generated in approximately 40 nickel and 40 titanium samples for evaluation of the various cleaning methods. Baseline measurements were made for each of the samples using a photometer to measure sample brightness and a UVA videomicroscope to capture digital images of the FPI indications. Samples were exposed to various contaminants, cleaned and inspected. Brightness measurements and digital images were also taken to compare to the baseline data. A comparison of oven drying to flash dry in preparation for FPI has been completed and will be reported in Part I. Comparison of the effectiveness of various cleaning methods for the contaminants will be presented in Part II. The cleaning and drying studies were completed in cooperation with Delta Airlines using cleaning, drying and FPI processes typical of engine overhaul processes and equipment. The work was completed as part of the Engine Titanium Consortium and included investigators from Honeywell, General Electric, Pratt and Whitney, and Rolls Royce

Instructional climates in preschool children who are at-risk. Part II: perceived physical competence.

Science.gov (United States)

Robinson, Leah E; Rudisill, Mary E; Goodway, Jacqueline D

2009-09-01

In Part II of this study, we examined the effect of two 9-week instructional climates (low-autonomy [LA] and mastery motivational climate [MMC]) on perceived physical competence (PPC) in preschoolers (N = 117). Participants were randomly assigned to an LA, MMC, or comparison group. PPC was assessed by a pretest, posttest, and retention test with the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance. A significant Treatment x Time interaction (p < .001) was present, supporting that MMC participants reported significantly higher PPC scores over time, while no positive changes were present in LA and comparison participants. The results show that an MMC leads to psychological benefits related to achievement motivation. These findings should encourage early childhood educators to consider the effect of instructional climates on children's self-perception.

Efeitos tempo, parturição e quantum no Brasil: indicadores de período e evidências empíricas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana de Miranda-Ribeiro

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo estimar e comparar diferentes indicadores de fecundidade de período, com enfoque naqueles que corrigem distorções causadas na taxa de fecundidade total (TFT observada em determinado período, a fim de criar e avaliar novas possibilidades de análise da fecundidade no Brasil. São apresentadas séries de TFT, TFT PPR, PATFR, PATFRajustada (K-O, PDTFR e PADTFR, bem como as séries históricas dos efeitos tempo e parturição e da idade média da fecundidade. Foram utilizados os bancos de dados sobre histórias de nascimentos, obtidos a partir das edições de 1980, 1991 e 2000 do Censo Demográfico brasileiro. Os resultados mostram que, no Brasil, a transição da fecundidade foi acompanhada, durante praticamente todo o período de análise, por um efeito tempo negativo e um efeito parturição positivo, que atuaram no sentido de inflar a fecundidade observada. No futuro próximo, a fecundidade observada no Brasil deverá ser diminuída, principalmente pela ação do efeito tempo positivo.

The Relationship between Music Preferences of Different Mode and Tempo and Personality Traits--Implications for Music Pedagogy

Science.gov (United States)

Dobrota, Snježana; Reic Ercegovac, Ina

2015-01-01

The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between music preferences of different mode and tempo and personality traits. The survey included 323 students who had to fill out the following tests: questionnaire of music preferences, scale of optimism and pessimism and International Personality Item Pool for measuring Big Five…

Investigation of Method for Changing Impression of Musical Piece by Changing its Tempo

Science.gov (United States)

Fukumoto, Makoto; Okamatsu, Keita; Matsuo, Kazuhisa

We propose a simple method that changes impression of musical piece by changing its tempo and investigate psycho-physiological effects of the method with listening experiment. In the experiment, 8 subjects listened same musical pieces with various tempi, and analysis of heartbeat and Semantic-Differential method were used. In 6 out of 10 adjective pairs, inverted-U shapes were observed, and peak tempi of them were different. Moreover, “relaxed” evaluation might be related to listener's heart rate in rest. These results suggest possibility of constructing novel media player that changes impression of musical piece.

Diego Velázquez e os retratos de Felipe IV: A pintura Barroca e a idéia de tempo na sociedade espanhola do século XVII

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susana Aparecida da Silva

2012-08-01