Geologic evolution of the Paraiba do Sul complex, in the central part of the Ribeira belt, based on the geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology studies; Evolucao geologica do complexo Paraiba do Sul, no segmento central da faixa Ribeira, com base em estudos de geoquimica e geocronologia U-Pb

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Valladares, Claudia Sayao

1997-12-31

Aiming the definition of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution, the work presents a geochronological approach by the U-Pb method, considered appropriate to study polideformed terrains. The minerals used to the U-Pb dating (zircon, titanite and monazite) provides information about the ages of rock generation and the successive geological events the rocks were submitted. The U-Pb geochronological approach is pioneer in the investigated area and two questions referent to the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution in the central part of the Ribeira belt, were the aim of this approach. The first of them refers to the crystallization epoch and the gneisses metamorphism, interpreted here like orthogneisses, called Unidade Quirino of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul. The second refers to the metamorphism ages and meta sedimentary unit deformation. Looking for the contribution to the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution understanding, this work presents the data based on the geologic map of this area, comprising part of the Folha Volta Redonda (1:50.000), including petrographic, structural and microtectonic studies. It also presents and discusses the results of: 17 U-Pb analysis in zircon and titanite of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul orthogneisses collection; 24 geochemical analysis of major, minor, trace elements and ETR of the same collection; an U-Pb analysis in titanite of the Unidade Sao Joao, 5 U-Pb analysis in titanites and/or monazites of granites and granitoids; 12 geochemical analysis including major, minor and trace elements and ETR, in granites and sills of leucogranites. Finally, the data achieved were integrated with the objective to elaborate an evolutive view of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul 157 refs., 54 figs., 17 tabs.

Spatio-temporal drought characteristics of the tropical Paraiba do Sul River Basin and responses to the Mega Drought in 2014-2016

Science.gov (United States)

Nauditt, Alexandra; Metzke, Daniel; Ribbe, Lars

2017-04-01

The Paraiba do Sul River Basin (56.000 km2) supplies water to the Brazilian states Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Their large metropolitan areas were strongly affected by a Mega drought during the years 2014 and 2015 with severe implications for domestic water supply, the hydropower sector as well as for rural agricultural downstream regions. Longer drought periods are expected to become more frequent in the future. However, drought characteristics, low flow hydrology and the reasons for the recurrent water scarcity in this water abundant tropical region are still poorly understood. In order to separate the impact of human abstractions from hydro-climatic and catchment storage related hydrological drought propagation, we assessed the spatio-temporal distribution of drought severity and duration establishing relationships between SPI, SRI and discharge threshold drought anomalies for all subcatchments of the PdS based on a comprehensive hydro-meteorological data set of the Brazilian National Water Agency ANA. The water allocation model "Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP)" was established on a monthly basis for the entire Paraiba do Sul river basin incorporating human modifications of the hydrological system as major (hydropower) reservoirs and their operational rules, water diversions and major abstractions. It simulates reasonable discharges and reservoir levels comparable to the observed values. To evaluate the role of climate variability and drought responses for hydrological drought events, scenarios were developed to simulate discharge and reservoir level the impact of 1. Varying meteorological drought frequencies and durations and 2. Implementing operational rules as a response to drought. Uncertainties related to the drought assessment, modelling, parameter and input data were assessed. The outcome of this study for the first time provides an overview on the heterogeneous spatio-temporal drought characteristics of the Paraiba do Sul river basin and

Study of environmental pollution by heavy metals in Sepetiba Bay and Paraiba do Sul River - Guandu River by analysis of critical parameters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pfeiffer, W.C.; Fiszman, M.; Malm, O.; Lima, N.R.W.; Azcue, J.M.

The heavy metal pollution in Sepetiba Bay and Paraiba do Sul River - Guandu River is studied by analysis of critical parameters. This ones are employed in environmental impact determination of nuclear installations. Three critic metals (Cr, Zn, Cd) and four (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr) ones are lauched by the industrial park of Sepetiba Bay and Paraiba Vale respectively. (M.A.C.) [pt

Fertilidad del suelo a largo plazo en sistemas biointensivos

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Funes Monzote, F.R.; Hernándes, A.; Bello, R.; Alvarez, A.

2008-01-01

Mejorar y mantener la fertilidad de los suelos son prioridades para los sistemas agroecológicos. Junto a la preservación de la agrodiversidad, el uso eficiente del agua, la energía y otros recursos disponibles, un adecuado balance de nutrientes y vida en el suelo son condiciones importantes para

Coexistence and mixing of magmas in the late precambrian Itaporanga batholith, State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mariano, G.; Sial, A.N.

1990-01-01

The Precambrian Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro Fold Belt (CSF) located in the western portion of the states of Pernambuco and Paraiba is intruded, in its northern portion, by several coarsely porphyritic potassic calc-alkalic batholiths. These batholiths were syntectonically emplaced in relation to the Brasiliano cycle (=Pan-African) and are commonly associated with potassium diorites suggesting coexistence and mixing between felsic and mafic magmas. In the Itaporanga batholith three petrographic domains were mapped. A hybrid zone characterized by intense mechanical mixing of granite to granodiorite and potassium diorite magmas is located towards the border of the batholith. A commingling zone where felsic porphyritic granite to granodiorite and potassium diorite rocks are individualized at outcrop scale is located towards the center of the batholith. Finally a felsic porphyritic facies occur in the hybrid zone. Similarity among chemical analyses of amphiboles from potassium dioritic enclaves of the Itaporanga batholith and from the potassium diorite stock east of it suggest a common source for both magmas. This hypothesis is corroborated by similar REE patterns for potassium dioritic enclaves of the Itaporanga batholith and for the potassium diorite stock. The batholith shows a well developed foliation which dips towards its core suggesting that the present level of exposure represents the root zone of a diapir, where intense interaction between felsic and mafic magmas took place. (author)

Efecto del silicio y plaguicidas en la fertilidad del suelo y rendimiento del arroz

OpenAIRE

Furcal-Beriguete, Parménides; Herrera-Barrantes, Alejandra

2013-01-01

Efecto del silicio y plaguicidas en la fertilidad del suelo y rendimiento del arroz. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del silicio en la fertilidad del suelo, la incidencia de enfermedades y plagas insectiles, el rendimiento y la calidad de granos del cultivo de arroz. El estudio se realizó en La Vega, Florencia, San Carlos, Costa Rica entre mayo y octubre en los años 2010 y 2011, en el mismo lote con la variedad CR 4477. Se establecieron cinco tratamientos: silicio al suelo, ...

Geologic evolution of the Paraiba do Sul complex, in the central part of the Ribeira belt, based on the geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valladares, Claudia Sayao

1996-01-01

Aiming the definition of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution, the work presents a geochronological approach by the U-Pb method, considered appropriate to study polideformed terrains. The minerals used to the U-Pb dating (zircon, titanite and monazite) provides information about the ages of rock generation and the successive geological events the rocks were submitted. The U-Pb geochronological approach is pioneer in the investigated area and two questions referent to the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution in the central part of the Ribeira belt, were the aim of this approach. The first of them refers to the crystallization epoch and the gneisses metamorphism, interpreted here like orthogneisses, called Unidade Quirino of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul. The second refers to the metamorphism ages and meta sedimentary unit deformation. Looking for the contribution to the Complexo Paraiba do Sul evolution understanding, this work presents the data based on the geologic map of this area, comprising part of the Folha Volta Redonda (1:50.000), including petrographic, structural and microtectonic studies. It also presents and discusses the results of: 17 U-Pb analysis in zircon and titanite of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul orthogneisses collection; 24 geochemical analysis of major, minor, trace elements and ETR of the same collection; an U-Pb analysis in titanite of the Unidade Sao Joao, 5 U-Pb analysis in titanites and/or monazites of granites and granitoids; 12 geochemical analysis including major, minor and trace elements and ETR, in granites and sills of leucogranites. Finally, the data achieved were integrated with the objective to elaborate an evolutive view of the Complexo Paraiba do Sul

Water evaporation from bare soil at Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lima, Jose Romualdo de Sousa; Antonino, Antonio Celso D.; Lira, Carlos A. Brayner de O.; Maciel Netto, Andre; Silva, Ivandro de Franca da; Souza, Jeffson Cavalcante de

2002-01-01

Measurements were accomplished in a 4,0 ha area in Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, UFPB, Areia City, Paraiba State, Brazil (6 deg C 58'S, 35 deg C 41'W and 645 m), aiming to determine water evaporation from bare soil, by energy and water balance approaches. Rain gauge, net radiometer, pyranometer and sensor for measuring the temperature and the relative humidity of the air and the speed of the wind, in two levels above the soil surface, were used to solve the energy balance equations. In the soil, two places were fitted with instruments, each one with two thermal probes, installed horizontally in the depths z1 = 2,0 cm and z2 = 8,0 cm, and a heat flux plate, for the measurement of the heat flux in the soil, the z1 = 5,0 cm. The measured data were stored every 30 minutes in a data logger. For the calculation of the water balance, three tensio-neutronics sites were installed, containing: an access tube for neutrons probe and eight tensiometers. The values of soil evaporation obtained by water balance were lower than obtained by energy balance because of the variability of the water balance terms. (author)

Treatment of post-consumption oils from Paraiba state - Brazil - clays for application as bio fuel; Tratamento de oleos pos-consumo a partir de argilas da Paraiba para aplicacao como biocombustivel

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Araujo, E.P.; Oliveira, S.V. de; Medeiros, K.M. de; Silva, D.F. da; Araujo, E.M.; Fook, M.V.L. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (DEMa/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais], e-mail: elainepatriciaaraujo@yahoo.com.br

2008-07-01

The utilization of fuels of agricultural origin in the cycle diesel engines is a good alternative to reduce dependence on importation petroleum, since these fuels are a renewable source of energy. The utilization of biodiesel as biofuel is a contribution to the environment, reducing the qualitative and quantitative form levels of environmental pollution. The recycling of post-consumption oil helps reduce the uncontrolled disposal and environmentally dangerous, than to obtain fuel with a cost / benefit and offering a competitive alternative commercial advantage. However, these oils should go through a process of decontamination and clearing up the stage of chemical conversion which is used clay to lighten the oil. This work had as its objective to make a literature revision evaluating the potential of the clearing clay modified in Paraiba, used in post-consumption oils for application as biofuel. (author)

Brotação e fertilidade de gemas em uvas sem sementes no Vale do São Francisco

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leão Patrícia Coelho de Souza

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a porcentagem de brotação e índice de fertilidade de gemas de cinco variedades de uvas sem sementes em cinco diferentes datas de poda, realizou-se um experimento no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, da Embrapa Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas subdivididas, constituídas por cinco variedades de uvas sem sementes como tratamentos principais e cinco diferentes épocas de poda como tratamentos secundários, utilizando-se dez repetições constituídas por uma planta. As variedades utilizadas foram Perlette, Thompson Seedless, Marroo Seedless, Catalunha e Superior Seedless, e as épocas de poda foram: 18 e 19/12/2000; 18 a 21/06/2001; 23 a 29/10/2001; 29/01 a 05/02/2002 e 08 a 12/04/2002. As variáveis estudadas foram a porcentagem de brotação e o índice de fertilidade real das gemas determinado pela razão número de cachos por número de gemas. A fertilidade real de gemas foi analisada entre a 1ª e 10ª gema da vara. Os maiores valores médios para brotação e fertilidade foram observados nas variedades Marroo Seedless e Perlette, sendo que as podas realizadas nos meses de junho de 2001 e abril de 2002 favoreceram o aumento da brotação e da fertilidade das gemas na maioria das variedades.

Geology of the Curimatau medium region (Paraiba State, Brazil) and the emplacement of the Dona Ines granite associated to the Brasiliano transcurrent shear zones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borges, Sergio Vieira Freire

1996-01-01

In an area of about 700 Km 2 located in the northeast of Paraiba State and having as main point the town of Dona Ines, a geologic/structural mapping, a gravimetric survey and radiometric dating using the Rb/Sr method in whole rock and Sm.Nd model ages were undertaken in order to study and to understand the geology of this portion of terrain, the emplacement of the Dona Ines granitoids and its relationship with the enclosing rocks and the deformation acting at the time of the intrusion. The age of the pluton of Dona Ines was determined by the Rb/Sr whole rock method as 560 ± 20 Ma (end of Brasiliano Cycle in the region). Sm.Nd model ages in granitoids of Araras, Belem and Dona Ines have revealed paleoproterozoic ages for their crustal sources, as indicated by the negative ε nd of this rock

Investigation of wind characteristics and wind energy assessment in Sao Joao do Cariri (SJC) - Paraiba, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lima, Laerte; Filho, Celso

2010-09-15

In this study wind characterization and wind energy assessment of the Sao Joao do Cariri (SJC) in Paraiba state situated in Brazilian northeast. The average wind speed and temperature for 25 and 50 m were found 4,74m/s, 24,46C and 5,31m/s 24,25C with wind speed predominate direction of SSE (165 degrees). Weibull shape, scale ,Weibull fit wind speed and Power wind density found 2,54, 5,4m/s, 4,76m/s and 103W/m2 for 25m wind height measurements and 2,59, 6,0m/s, 5,36m/s and 145W/m2 for 50m wind height measurements.

Comparative study of faculties of dentistry of Rio de Janeiro and Universidade Federal da Paraiba in relation to teaching of radiation protection in Dentistry; Estudo comparativo das faculdades de odontologia do Rio de Janeiro e da Universidade Federal da Paraiba no tocante ao ensino da radioprotecao em odontologia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Padilha Filho, L.G. [Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Fundacao Tecnico Educacional Souza Marques, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); E-mail: lupadilha@ig.com.br; Raymundo Junior, R. [Universidade Federal, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Faculdade de Odontologia; Koch, H.A. [Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Radiologia; Guedes, W.M.S. [Paraiba Univ., Joao Pessoa, PB (Brazil). Faculdade de Odontologia; Oliveira, L.C.G.; Berquo, F.R.; Cherchinaro, C.C. [Fundacao Tecnico Educacional Souza Marques, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Curso de Fisica

2001-07-01

This study compares the qualification and formation in radiation protection, of the students of Dentistry Faculties of Universities in Rio de Janeiro and Paraiba States (Brazil), and recommends the inclusion of Radiation Protection and Image Quality discipline, in the curriculum of Dentistry Faculties, in order to unify the contents and programs in the different study plans. Also to elaborate an appropriate educational training, so that the students of the Brazilian Universities can have the same knowledge about these important themes.

Variabilidade espacial de atributos da fertilidade de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob Sistema Plantio Direto

OpenAIRE

Dalchiavon,Flávio Carlos; Carvalho,Morel de Passos e; Andreotti,Marcelo; Montanari,Rafael

2012-01-01

O conhecimento da variabilidade espacial da fertilidade do solo é muito importante, principalmente, para a agricultura de precisão. Assim, durante o ano agrícola 2009/2010, no município de Selvíria (MS), no Cerrado Brasileiro, objetivou-se analisar a variabilidade espacial de atributos da fertilidade num Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob plantio direto. Foi instalada a malha de amostragem para a coleta de solo, com 120 pontos amostrais, numa área de 3,0 ha e declive homogêneo de 0,055 m m-...

Injuries caused by venomous animals and folk medicine in farmers from Cuité, State of Paraiba, Northeast of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hellyson Fidel Araújo de Oliveira

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Injuries caused by venomous animals reported by the agricultural workers from the municipality of Cuité, Curimataú region of Paraiba State, Northeast of Brazil, and the practices of folk medicine which they use to treat these cases were studied in this work from June to August 2010. The farmers studied aged from 11 to 90 years. The number of people who reported cases of injury by these animals in their families was high (89.3%. Scorpions, wasps, bees and snakes were the most cited and the extremities of the body (hands, feet, legs and head were the most affected. The practice of folk medicine to treat these injuries includes various procedures ranging from ritualistic treatments, use of animals or parts of them, and some herbal preparations. The folk treatment was reported as effective by most of the workers injured (63.9%. Body parts of dead snakes are used in various zootherapic treatments. In the imaginary of the agricultural workers the venomous animals are considered hazardous (48.7% or disgusting (11.3%, and several parts of such animals as the rattle, bee sting or snake leather are used as amulet. Several legends have also been reported about snakes, scorpions and bees. The need for educational activities that aim to clarify these workers about the dangers of such practices is urgent.

Preservação de fertilidade Fertility preservation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Carolina Japur de Sá Rosa e Silva

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Com a evolução dos recursos terapêuticos e o aumento das taxas de sobrevida dos pacientes oncológicos, as repercussões tardias destas terapias, que antes eram infreqüentes, hoje assumem um papel importante quando se fala em qualidade de vida. Dentre estas complicações tardias está a perda da função ovariana. Segundo as recomendações da Sociedade Americana de Oncologia Clínica (American Society of Clinical Oncology recentemente publicadas, os métodos comprovadamente eficazes para preservação da fertilidade feminina disponíveis hoje são: o congelamento de embriões, a cirurgia ginecológica conservadora e a ooforopexia para os casos de radioterapia localizada. Todas as demais técnicas existentes, tais como a supressão ovariana medicamentosa e a criopreservação de tecido ovariano e de oócitos, embora apresentem resultados promissores, ainda são consideradas experimentais. A escolha da melhor técnica para preservação de fertilidade aplicável em cada caso vai depender da idade da paciente, do tipo de tratamento, da existência ou não de parceiro com quem deseje constituir prole, do tempo disponível até o início da quimioterapia e do potencial do câncer em produzir metástase ovariana. Neste artigo as técnicas disponíveis e experimentais para a preservação da fertilidade são revisadas e discutidas.As therapeutic approaches for oncologic diseases are being improved and an increase in the survival rates are being achieved, long-term complications of these therapies, initially infrequent, assume these days an important place when considering life quality. Among the long term repercussions appears the premature ovarian failure. According to the recommendations of the American Society of Clinical Oncology recently published, the only procedures available nowadays considered to be effective for female fertility preservation are: embryo cryopreservation, conservative gynecological surgery and oophoropexy in cases of

Estudio de la fertilidad y viabilidad de quistes hidatídicos ovinos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

García Llamazares José Luis

1997-01-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: La finalidad de este trabajo es analizar la fertilidad de los quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino, especie de gran interés epidemiológico en la hidatidosis, y la adecuación del gerbillo (Meriones unguiculatus como modelo experimental para el estudio "in vivo" de dicha hidatidosis, fase preliminar de posteriores estudios terapeúticos. MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio de la fertilidad y viabilidad de quistes hidatídicos procedentes de pulmones e hígados de ganado ovino de Castilla y León a través del examen y evaluación de una serie de parámetros entre los que figura la producción de una hidatidosis secundaria experimental en animales de laboratorio. RESULTADOS: El índice quístico total obtenido fue de 8,57 quistes por ovino infestado (5,97 quistes por pulmón infestado y 5,57 quistes por hígado infestado. El porcentaje de fertilidad obtenido en los quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino que contenían protoescólex viables "in vitro" fue del 43,97% (43,02% en los quistes pulmonares y 46,16% en los quistes hepáticos. La viabilidad "in vivo" de los protoescólex seleccionados se puso de manifiesto al producirse en el 100% de los gerbillos infectados una hidatidosis secundaria experimental. CONCLUSIONES: Se destaca la validez de los criterios utilizados para estudiar la viabilidad "in vitro" de los protoescólex procedentes de quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino. La hidatidosis secundaria producida en gerbillos nos conduce a considerarlos como especie de experimentación adecuada para la investigación "in vivo" de la hidatidosis de origen ovino.

Comparative study of faculties of dentistry of Rio de Janeiro and Universidade Federal da Paraiba in relation to teaching of radiation protection in Dentistry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilha Filho, L.G.; Raymundo Junior, R.; Koch, H.A.; Guedes, W.M.S.; Oliveira, L.C.G.; Berquo, F.R.; Cherchinaro, C.C.

2001-01-01

This study compares the qualification and formation in radiation protection, of the students of Dentistry Faculties of Universities in Rio de Janeiro and Paraiba States (Brazil), and recommends the inclusion of Radiation Protection and Image Quality discipline, in the curriculum of Dentistry Faculties, in order to unify the contents and programs in the different study plans. Also to elaborate an appropriate educational training, so that the students of the Brazilian Universities can have the same knowledge about these important themes

Relações entre uso do solo, relevo e fertilidade do solo em escala de microbacia Relationships among land use, relief and soil fertility at watershed scale

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio C. dos Santos

2008-10-01

Full Text Available A produtividade em sistemas agrícolas de subsistência depende do nível de fertilidade natural do solo. Em condições de relevo forte ondulado, espera-se que a fertilidade do solo se modifique não apenas pelo tipo de uso mas, também, devido à sua posição no relevo. Para avaliar essas modificações, 260 amostras simples de solo (0-20 cm da microbacia Vaca Brava, PB, representando combinações de três usos do solo, cinco posições no relevo e cinco classes texturais, foram analisadas quanto aos teores de P disponível, bases e acidez trocáveis. Ca e Mg compreenderam 75-80% dos cátions trocáveis, K e Na, de 10 a 15%, e H+Al, 10%; o valor de pH médio foi 5,5, enquanto P Mehlich-1 foi, em média, 3,8 mg kg-1 solo. Apesar dos efeitos significativos (p Productivity in subsistence agricultural systems relies on natural soil fertility levels. Under strongly undulated relief conditions, it is expected that soil fertility will be determined not only by land use, but also by the position in the landscape. To study these relationships 260 single soil samples (0-20 cm from the Vaca Brava watershed, Paraiba, representing combinations of three land uses, five positions in the landscape and five textures were analyzed for extractable P, exchangeable bases and soil acidity. Ca and Mg comprised 75-80% of exchangeable cations, K and Na between 10 and 15% and H+Al 10%. The average pH was 5.5, while extractable P (Mehlich-1 averaged 3.8 mg kg-1 soil. Although land use, relief and texture exerted significant effects (p < 0.05 upon certain nutrient concentrations, in a broad sense the watershed appeared relatively uniform. The main effect of land use resulted from the use of animal manure in areas of subsistence agriculture and fodder, which were preferentially located at the base of stopes and low lands positions. Approximately 80% of the samples were low in extractable P, while 70% had medium levels of extractable K. However, when available K was

Metal concentrations in surface sediments of Paraiba do Sul River (Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pereira, M.O.; Calza, C.; Lopes, R.T.; Anjos, M.J.; UERJ, Rio de Janeiro; Araujo, F.G.

2006-01-01

The Paraiba do Sul River is located in a strategic region between the most important urban and industrial centers of Brazil. In the last years, an increase in the water pollution has been reported, caused by the untreated domestic sewerage of the inhabitants, effluents discharged by various industries, mining activities and sand extraction from the riverbed. This work used total reflection X-ray fluorescence with synchrotron radiation (SRTXRF) to determine metals in the bioavailable and residual fractions from the surface sediments. The metals identified were Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Ba and Pb. (author)

Comparative study of ceramic blocks for masonry produced in Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, R.C. dos; Melo, O.B. de; Macedo, R.S. de; Silva, B.J. da; Goncalves, W.P.; Santana, L.N.L.

2011-01-01

The aim of this study to analyze the properties of ceramic blocks produced by the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte. For this, the raw materials used in the fabrication of these blocks were characterized using the techniques of chemical, granulometry and mineralogical analysis and determination of the plasticity index of mixture ceramic. The properties of the ceramic blocks were determined by evaluating the geometric and visual characteristics and determining the water absorption and compressive strength, according to technical recommendations ABNT NBR 15270. It can be observed that samples have chemical compositions with a predominance of SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 and they are composed of mica, kaolinite, quartz, feldspar and goethite. It was also noted that all blocks showed compressive strength less than 1.5 MPa. (author)

Ploidia e fertilidade de pólen em progênies de citros Ploidy and pollen fertility in citrus hybrids

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Cesar Brugnara

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para estimar a fertilidade do pólen e determinar o nível de ploidia em progênies dos cruzamentos da tangerineira 'Montenegrina' (C. deliciosa Ten. com a tangerineira 'King' (C. nobilis Lour. e com a laranjeira 'Caipira' (C. sinensis (L. Osb.. As plantas, de pés-francos e com idade entre 11 e 12 anos, são mantidas na Estação Experimental Agronômica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, em Eldorado do Sul. Avaliaram-se o nível de ploidia, através da contagem dos cromossomos em células em meiose, e a fertilidade do pólen, por coloração do pólen com carmim propiônico, em 2005 e 2006. Todos os híbridos avaliados são diplóides e a fertilidade de pólen variou de zero a 98%. C27 - híbrido de 'Montenegrina' x 'Caipira' - revelou-se praticamente estéril, e a fertilidade de C21, do mesmo cruzamento, é de 10%. A menor fertilidade observada no cruzamento da 'Montenegrina' x 'King' foi de 42%.This work was performed to estimate pollen fertility and determinate the ploidy level of 11 to 12 years old progenies of crosses of 'Montenegrina' mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten. with 'King' mandarin (C. nobilis Lour. and with 'Caipira' sweet orange (C. sinensis (L. Osb. maintained at Estação Experimental Agronômica of UFRGS, in Eldorado do Sul, Brazil. The ploidy level was determined by chromosome countings in meiosis cells and pollen fertility evaluated by staining pollen grains with propionic carmine. All evaluated hybrids are diploid and pollen fertility varied from zero to 98%. C27, a hybrid 'Montenegrina' x 'Caipira', was found is sterile, and C21, from the same cross, showed 10 % fertility. The lowest observed fertility in the progeny 'Montenegrina' x 'King' was 42 %.

Geomorphological and morphometric analysis of the river basin of Salsa, south coast of the state of Paraiba / Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbosa, M.E.; Nascimento, J.; Furrier, M.

2010-01-01

This paper aims to extend the knowledge on the geomorphology of the river basin of Salsa , located in the municipality of Conde, State of Paraíba / Brazil . The research was to develop guiding object thematic maps related to morphometric aspects of the basin such as fluvial hierarchy , hypsometric and slope . After obtaining the morphometric data can assess the likely tectonic influences on the morphology of this basin. Literature searches , acquisition and analysis of cartographic data (satellite imagery , topographic and thematic maps), where with the help of software SPRING 5:03 , were made the thematic maps of the basin : For this research, the following milestones have been met. In addition, there have been two topographic profiles of the area through which it was possible to further analyze the geomorphological aspects and clinográficos watershed. Already in possession of the first results of this research it was observed with the analysis of charts and topographic profiles the high level of dissection Barriers Training and dissection of this discrepancy between the left and right margins . Barriers in Education, was observed indicative of tectonics from setbacks headwater quite different slots and obsequente towards the River Salsa (SN), which is discordant from the direction of the main waterways and Training Barriers own inclination is that WE . These findings are important because the geomorphological analysis of litoestatigráfica unit is of paramount importance for the understanding of the mechanisms governing the morphology of the northeast coast, mainly in relation to the mechanisms that govern the morphology of watersheds coast of Paraiba

Obesidad femenina y su relación con la fertilidad

OpenAIRE

Orfo Méndez, Iván

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar si en la bibliografía se demuestra que existe una asociación positiva entre la obesidad femenina y la infertilidad. Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica sobre artículos relacionados con la "obesidad " y su relación con la "fertilidad femenina", comprobando así las posibles influencias de las consecuencias de la obesidad, sobre las mujeres. Grado en Nutrición Humana y Dietética

FECUNDIDAD Y FERTILIDAD EN ONCE ESPECIES DE ANUROS COLOMBIANOS CON DIFERENTES MODOS REPRODUCTIVOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guayara-Barragán Manuel Gilberto

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los anuros son uno de los grupos de vertebrados más destacados por la diversidad desus estrategias reproductivas, que reflejan las presiones de selección sobre las variadascondiciones ambientales de sus hábitats. En este trabajo se reportan como parámetrosde estas estrategias reproductivas, la fecundidad (número de huevos por postura yla fertilidad (porcentaje de embriones por postura, en once especies de anuros conseis modos reproductivos, y se analizan en relación con el tamaño de las hembras,el tamaño de los huevos y con las características temporales o permanentes de suhábitat reproductivo. Se encontró que la fecundidad presentó una alta variación intrae inter-específica, ya que hubo especies con un solo huevo por postura (Dendrobatestruncatus hasta especies con 20 000 huevos por postura (Rhinella marina. Interespecíficamente,la fecundidad se relacionó positivamente con el tamaño corporal delas hembras, e inversamente con el tamaño de los huevos, el cual varió entre 0.98 mmy 4.54 mm y fue mayor para las especies con embriones de hábitat terrestres. Conrespecto de la fertilidad, el promedio fue mayor que el 74.93% para todas las especiesde estudio, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas, aunque se registró un mayorporcentaje en las especies con posturas acuáticas. Este trabajo muestra como tendenciageneral que las especies con reproducción en cuerpos de agua temporales presentanun mayor número de huevos por postura, de menor tamaño y probablemente con unamayor fertilidad en comparación con las especies con una reproducción terrestre

Mujer, fertilidad y economía: cincuenta años de investigación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Felipe Del Río

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se muestran los resultados de una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre la relación entre fertilidad y economía, que explora los marcos teóricos y empíricos desarrollados en los últimos cincuenta años, en especial, del enfoque clásico (Becker, Easterling y del heterodoxo (Bongaarts, Iannaccone, Lehrer. La búsqueda de artículos científicos en revistas de economía, sociología y demografía indexadas en bases de datos (JSTOR, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost y Proquest, muestra que el estudio de los comportamientos del hogar, relacionados con las decisiones de participar en el mercado laboral y la fertilidad, es un vasto campo de confluencia de diversos intentos analíticos multidisciplinarios, mediante los cuales la economía ha enfocado el asunto.

Análisis de los determinantes próximos e impacto de la ocupación en la fertilidad de mujeres peruanas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yordanis Enríquez-Canto

2017-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Objetivo Estimar la capacidad predictiva de los determinantes próximos y el trabajo en la disminución de la fertilidad en mujeres peruanas en edad fértil. Métodos Análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES de 2014 de Perú. La muestra fue de 20 396 mujeres entre 15 y 49 años de edad con actividad sexual en las cuatro semanas previas a la entrevista realizada. La variable dependiente fue el número total de hijos nacidos vivos y las variables independientes principales incluidas, trabajo, número ideal de hijos, máximo nivel educativo alcanzado y quintiles de riqueza. Se calcularon odds ratios (OR para estimar la fuerza de las asociaciones entre los determinantes próximos y la ocupación y la fertilidad mediante modelos de regresión logística. Se estimó la bondad de ajuste de los modelos con la prueba de Hosmer-Lemeshow y su capacidad discriminante, con curvas ROC. Resultados La fertilidad deseada (2,5 hijos por mujer fue más alta que la real (2,1. Los principales factores asociados con la reducción de la fertilidad fueron el nivel educativo superior (OR = 0,03; IC95%: 0,02–0,04, el número ideal de hijos entre 0 y 2 (OR = 0,13; IC95%: 0,11–0,15, y el trabajo dependiente (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,28–0,34. El área bajo la curva de los modelos fue 0,908 (IC95%: 0,898–0,917 y 0,91 (IC95%:0,891–0,928, respectivamente. Conclusión La acción de los determinantes directos (edad de inicio de las relaciones sexuales y del matrimonio retrasa el comienzo de la maternidad, mientras que los determinantes indirectos (mayor nivel educativo y pertenencia al quintil superior de riqueza suponen una mayor autonomía económica, que, a su vez, se asocia con niveles bajos de fertilidad. Asimismo, cuanto mayor es la dependencia en el trabajo, menor es la fertilidad de las mujeres encuestadas.

The use of handheld radiometry for the identification of stratigraphic characteristics of Paraiba Basin units

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Ebenezer Moreno de; Villar, Heldio Pereira; Lima, Ricardo de Andrade; Lima Filho, Mario

2000-01-01

A study on the use of radiometric techniques for the identification of stratigraphic characteristics of Paraiba Basin units was carried out with handheld instrumentation. The area chosen ran from north Pernambuco to south Paraiba. The presence of radioactive material had been previously determined. For this work a portable scintillometer was fixed to the door of a vehicle, on the outside, with the probe directed downwards. Background radiation was measured as 40 cps (counts per second). The scintillometer has an alarm which sounds whenever the measured count rate rises above a pre-established figure, 100 cps in the present case. Monitoring then proceeded manually. In sites where the count rate was much higher than 100 cps, the probe was lowered to the soil surface. Local coordinates were obtained by GPS. Therefore, an isoradioactivity map of the area could be drawn. The comparison between this map and local geological charts showed significant correlation between observed count rates and geologic formations. Low count rates were indicative of the Barreiras formation, whereas the highest rates were obtained for the Gramame formation (with urano-phosphatic lythotypes). It is concluded that handheld radiometry is a useful tool in geological charting, is special in areas where stratigraphic units have been masked by environmental changes and human activities. (author)

Morphometric and hydro graphic analysis in the hydro graphic basin of the Salsa river in Paraiba South coast of Brasil; Analisis morfometrico y geomorfologico de la cuenca hidrografica del Rio Salsa en la costa Sur del Estado de Paraiba. Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barbosa, M.; Nascimento, J.; Furrier, M., E-mail: mariaemanuellaf@gmail.com [Departamento de Geociencias, CCEN, UFPB(Brazil)

2010-05-15

This paper aims to extend the knowledge on the geomorphology of the river basin Salsa, located in the town of Con de, Paraiba / Brasil. The purpose of the research was to develop thematic maps and get related morphometric data to evaluate possible influences on tectonics. Were used Map data and satellite photos which allowed morphological and clinograficos analyze.

Cambios edáficos en islas de fertilidad y su importancia en el funcionamiento de un ecosistema del valle de Tehuacán Puebla, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Jesús Muñoz Iniestra

2017-04-01

Full Text Available En los ecosistemas áridos y semiáridos la vegetación natural usualmente se presenta en forma de agrupaciones denominadas islas de fertilidad (IF, separadas unas de otras por amplios espacios desprovistos de plantas. Se piensa que estas islas actúan como unidades funcionales básicas del ecosistema en su conjunto. Se ha observado que el suelo debajo de las islas de fertilidad muestra mejores condiciones de calidad y fertilidad en comparación con el suelo de afuera. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la calidad del suelo dentro y fuera de las islas de fertilidad, así como contrastar propiedades físicas y químicas tanto del suelo interior como del exterior. Para esto se seleccionaron 25 islas de fertilidad de una terraza fluvial del valle de Zapotitlán, región semiárida de Tehuacán Puebla. En cada isla debajo del dosel del arbusto nodriza se tomaron tres muestras de suelo superficial, fuera de la isla alrededor se levantaron otras tres procediendo de la misma manera. Las muestras se analizaron en el laboratorio para evaluar nueve propiedades físicas y ocho químico-biológicas relacionadas con funciones ecológicas que el suelo realiza, estas propiedades se utilizaron para obtener un índice de calidad del suelo. Para el análisis de los datos se aplicó la prueba de t-test Student para muestras independientes. No hubo diferencias significativas en el índice de calidad entre los suelos fuera y dentro de las islas de fertilidad, sin embargo a nivel de propiedades individuales como: arena, densidad aparente, materia orgánica, pH, magnesio, nitrógeno total y retención de humedad sí se presentaron diferencias significativas. Se concluye que la vegetación de la isla de fertilidad modifica algunas propiedades y funciones del suelo para crear un microambiente más favorable, logrando que en su interior se reduzca el estrés hídrico y se propicie una realimentación constante de nutrientes, gracias a los mecanismos de captura y aporte

Resultados preliminares de cultivo intravaginal de ovocitos-inyección intracitoplasmática de espermatozoides (INVO-ICSI), en el centro de fertilidad procrear

OpenAIRE

Hilario, Roly; Dueñas, Julio; Gonzales, Max; García, Javier; Romero, Rocío

2014-01-01

Objetivos: Conocer los resultados preliminares de tasa de embarazo por transferencia en las pacientes en quienes se realizó cultivo intravaginal de ovocitos-inyección intracitoplasmática de espermatozoides (INVO-ICSI) en un centro de fertilidad. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo de una serie de casos. Institución: Centro de Fertilidad Procrear, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Parejas con tratamiento de infertilidad. Intervenciones: Se analizó todos los 13 procedimientos de INVO-ICSI realizados en 12 pac...

Hydroelectric modelling of the Paraiba do Sul and Jequitinhonha rivers sub-basins by using the VALORAGUA computer program; Modelagem hidreletrica das sub bacias dos rios Paraiba do Sul e Jequitinhonha utilizando o programa VALORAGUA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferreira, Vinicius Verna Magalhaes; Aronne, Ivan Dionysio [Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN), Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil)]. E-mails: vvmf@urano.cdtn.br; aroneid@urano.cdtn.br; Martinez, Carlos Barreira; Versiani, Bruno Rabelo [Minas Gerais Univ., Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil). Escola de Engenharia. Dept. de Engenharia Hidraulica e Recursos Hidricos]. E-mail: martinez@cce.ufmg.br; versiani@ehr.ufmg.br

2002-07-01

This work presents a modelling of 50 hydroelectric power plants in the East Atlantica hydro graphic basin, operating, under construction or as basic projects. The simulations are performed by using the VALORAGUA computer code, developed by the EDP - Eletricidade de Portugal. The studies concentrate mostly on the sub basins of the Jequitinhonha and Paraiba do Sul rivers. The study includes the thermal power plants existent on the same geographical region. Some obtained results such as capacity factors and energy generation values are analysed. Some considerations are made on questions referring to the Brazilian energetic problems.

The Alto Moxoto Terrain in Eastern Paraiba ('Caldas Brandao Massif')

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neves, Benjamim Bley de Brito; Campos Neto, Mario da Costa; Souza, Solange Lucena de; Schmus, William Randall Van; Fernandes, Tania Maria Gomes

2001-01-01

The Alto Moxoto Terrane (TAM), at the east of Paraiba State is mostly composed of sheared ortho gneisses, porphyritic granodioritic gneisses and it bears an imbricated sheet of Al-rich (garnet-biotite-sillimanite) gneisses, deeply affected by migmatization phenomena. This litho-structural assemblage is drawing a regional asymmetric anti formal structure, with its axial zone running parallel to the B R-230 highway (E-W trending). It is limited in both, north (Alto Pajeu terrane) and south (Rio Capibaribe terrane) sides by important shear zones, which are feather faults connected with the development of the Pernambuco lineament, to the southwest. The adopted designation of 'terrane' is based upon its singular geological features, in terms of lithological and structural characteristics, Paleoproterozoic in age and sharp limits with the different confining terranes. TAM is here considered as a mega-fragment of the Atlantica Super continent, that was built up by the Paleoproterozoic Collage ('Transamazonian') and that was preserved in the framework of West Gondwana (Brasiliano/Pan African Collage) as a 'terrane'. This terrane shows conspicuous continuity to the far interior of the province, to the southwestern part of Pernambuco State, and so doing, it demonstrates that the former designation of 'Caldas Brandao Massif must be ruled out, as obsolete for many reasons. Geochronological determinations using Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb methods confirm the Paleoproterozoic age of this terrane, with the presence of some Archean protoliths as well as the various degrees of structural reworking and isotopic reseting promoted by the Brasiliano Cycle. This cycle was responsible for some intrusive granites, for most of the general geological features, like usual informal limits and even the present shape of the TAM, a typical reworked 'basement inlier'. (author)

Amenorrea secundaria—mosaicismo 45, X/46, XX— fertilidad y reinicio menstrual

OpenAIRE

Osuna Ceballos, Jesús A.

2009-01-01

Objetivo: Presentación de una paciente de 17 años de edad, con un mosaicismo 45,X/46,XX que consultó por amenorrea secundaria, con posterior normalización del ciclo menstrual y fertilidad. Metodos: Historia clínica, estudios endocrinos, laparoscopia, biopsia de ovarios y estudio citogenético. Resultados: La paciente inició cambios puberales espontáneos a la edad de 11 años y menarca a los 13 años, seguida de ciclos regulares de 28 días, hasta el momento de su consulta por amenorrea secund...

Morphometric and hydro graphic analysis in the hydro graphic basin of the Salsa river in Paraiba South coast of Brasil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbosa, M.; Nascimento, J.; Furrier, M.

2010-01-01

This paper aims to extend the knowledge on the geomorphology of the river basin Salsa, located in the town of Con de, Paraiba / Brasil. The purpose of the research was to develop thematic maps and get related morphometric data to evaluate possible influences on tectonics. Were used Map data and satellite photos which allowed morphological and clinograficos analyze

Shoshonitic intrusion magmatism in Pajeu-Paraiba belt: the Bom Jardim complex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guimaraes, I.P. de; Silva Filho, A.F. da

1990-01-01

The Bom Jardim complex is a multi phase intrusion emplaced within the basement of the Pajeu-Paraiba belt, in the Borborema province, N.E., Brazil, during the Pan African (Brasiliano) orogeny, 600 Ma ago. The Bom Jardim complex is primarily composed of monzonites and syenites with subordinated granites. The major and trace elements geochemistry has established a shoshonitic affinity for the monzonite-syenite assemblages, whereas the granites are clearly of a high-K calc-alkaline character. The main geochemical trends determined for the complex are the result of fractionation of mainly amphibole, biotite, alkali feldspar ±clinopyroxene within the developing magmas. The enrichment in transition metal elements, LILE and high LILE/HSFE ratios, coupled with an initial Sr sup(87)/Sr sup(86) ratio of 0.70709 is consistent with a subduction related magma source. (author)

Geochemistry of rare earths and oxygen isotopes in granitic rocks from Monte das Gameleiras and Dona Ines, Rio Grande do Norte-Paraiba border, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sial, A.N.

1984-01-01

The study of oxygen isotopes and rare earth elements in granitic plutons of Monte das Gameleiras and Dona Ines, Rio Grande do Norte-Paraiba border, in Brazil, to define the nature of source rock of progenitor magmas, is presented. (M.C.K.) [pt

Evaluation of demand for water and electricity for papaya micro sprinkler irrigation system in Paraiba state, Brazil; Avaliacao das demandas de agua e energia eletrica para mamao irrigado por microaspersao no estado da Paraiba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lopes, Riuzuani Michelle Bezerra Pedrosa; Dantas Neto, Jose; Farias, Soahd Arruda Rached Farias; Azevedo, Carlos Alberto Vieira de [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAEAG/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais. Unidade Academica de Engenharia Agricola], Emails: riuzuani@yahoo.com.br, zedantas@deag.ufcg.edu.br, soahd_rached@hotmail.com, cazevedo@deag.ufcg.edu.br

2010-07-01

This study aimed to conduct an assessment on the demands for water and electricity for fruit irrigated by micro sprinkler irrigation in agricultural planning. We obtained the demands of gross water and electricity for papaya in 15 municipalities spread over the Rio Paraiba-PB, which was used by micro irrigation system with 90% application efficiency. The city of Joao Pessoa is the place to lower water consumption, requiring 32.9% of the amount required for papaya in Exile, which had the highest annual and daily evapotranspiration, combined with the lowest annual rainfall likely at a 75 % probability. The municipalities were chosen because they had a greater variance in terms of climate, in order to examine various irrigation demands. In Exile is a necessary volume of water-to 8.006,9 m{sup 3}.ha{sup -1}.year{sup -1} to produce one hectare of papaya while in Joao Pessoa need to 2.712,89 m{sup 3}.ha-1.year{sup -1}. The consumption of electricity in the city of Desterro is higher among the cities studied, necessitating 2.009,0 kW.ha{sup -1}.ano{sup -1} to produce one hectare of papaya, while in Joao Pessoa we only need 876,54 kW.ha {sup -1}.ano{sup -1} (author)

Impact of Climatic Variability on Hydropower Reservoirs in the Paraiba Basin, Southeast of Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Barros, A.; simoes, s

2002-05-01

During 2000/2001, a severe drought greatly reduced the volume of water available to Brazilian hydropower plants and lead to a national water rationing plan. To undestand the potential for climatic change in hydrological regimes and its impact on hydropower we chose the Paraiba Basin located in Southeast Brazil. Three important regional multi-purpose reservoirs are operating in this basin. Moreover, the Paraiba River is of great economic and environmental importance and also constitutes a major corridor connecting the two cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. We analyzed monthly and daily records for rainfall, streamflow and temperature using regression and variance analysis. Rainfall records do not show any significant trend since the 1930s/1940s. By contrast, analysis of seasonal patterns show that in the last twenty years rainfall has increased during autumn and winter (dry season) and decreased during spring and summer (rainy season). Comparison between rainfall and streaflow, from small catchment without man-made influences, shows a more pronounced deficit in streamflow when compared with rainfall. The shifts in seasonal rainfall could indicate a tendency towards a more uniform rainfall pattern and could serve to reduce the streamflow. However, the largest upward trends in temperature were found in the driest months (JJA). The increase in rainfall would not be sufficient to overcome increased of evaporation expect to the same period. Instead, such increase in evaporation could create an over more pronounced streamflow deficit. Climatic variability could be reducing water availability in these reservoirs especially in the driest months. To reduce the uncertainties in hydrological predictions, planners need to incorporate climatic variability, at the catchment scale, in order to accomodate the new conditions resulting from these changes.

Evaluation of the Equivalent Radium Activity of Clay Brickworks in Backlands of Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nobrega de Araujo, E. E.; Araujo dos Santos Jr, J.; Andrade de Oliveira, I.; Santos Amaral, R. dos; Dias Bezerra, J.; Jimenez Charfuelan, J. M.; Araujo Costa, M. C.; Marques do Nacimento Santos, J.

2015-01-01

The natural radioactivity can reach high levels, depending on the geological formation of each area of the planet. Construction materials contain amounts of natural radioactive elements that may have concentrations upper of established limits, varying according to the composition of rock and soil from which they originated, causing greater exposure to human beings through the use of clay as raw material for ceramics used in construction. The radioecology dosimetry of these materials is defined in terms of the Equivalent Radium activity (Ra Eq ). In this context, this study aimed to establish the calculation of RaEq in the raw material of potteries in the badlands of Paraiba, area adjacent to the uranium deposits of Espinharas, to estimate the risks associated with primordial radionuclides attributed to TENORM activities from the extraction and use of clay in manufacture of bricks and tiles. Analysis were performed by high resolution gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector-Be, assuming the state of secular radioactive equilibrium. The results ranged from 84.49 to 747.78 Nq.kg -1 , with a mean 333.97 Bq.kg -1 . Some samples had values that exceeded the limit of 370 Bq.kg -1 established by UNSCEAR for construction materials, surpassing until on doubled, suggesting greater monitoring and control of these mining areas. (Author)

Efecto del extracto alcohólico de Mimosa pudica (mimosa sobre la fertilidad en ratas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Arroyo

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar si la administración por vía oral del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Mimosa pudica (mimosa modifica la fertilidad en ratas normales. Diseño: Estudio experimental. Institución: Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos y Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima, Perú. Material biológico: Ratas albinas, y hojas de Mimosa pudica. Métodos: Cuarentiocho animales fueron divididos aleatoriamente en grupos de seis animales cada uno. El primero fue control, con solución de suero fisiológico 5 mL/kg, y los siguientes recibieron extracto vía oral 50, 250 y 500 mg/kg, durante 21 días. Cada grupo consideró 6 hembras y 6 machos juntos. Los animales fueron sacrificados para observar la presencia de fetos en el útero. A las hembras se les extrajo muestra de sangre, para conocer el nivel de FSH, estradiol y progesterona, expresándose en µg/dL. El dosaje hormonal se realizó por el método de electroquimioluminiscencia. En el estudio de antiimplantación se usó 2 grupos de 5 ratas hembras grávidas; un grupo recibió agua y el otro recibió el extracto de la planta, en dosis de 600 mg/ kg, durante 10 días. Principales medidas de resultados: Disminución del número de fetos y niveles hormonales. Resultados: Los flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos y taninos estuvieron en mayor cantidad en el extracto etanólico. Las ratas que recibieron 250 mg/kg presentaron mayor número de fetos, seguidas por las de 50 mg/kg; en tanto que con la dosis de 500 mg/kg disminuyó el número de fetos comparativamente con las ratas que no recibieron la planta; hubo incremento de FSH y de progesterona. Conclusiones: En condiciones experimentales se muestra que en dosis de hasta 250 mg/kg aumenta la fertilidad, pero a 500 mg se reduce la fertilidad en ratas normales.

Manejo de la Fertilidad del Suelo en la Producción Orgánica

OpenAIRE

Garibay, Salvador V.

2002-01-01

La agricultura intensiva ha permitido aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos sin embargo ha causado severos problemas ambientales. La agricultura sustentable alcanza buenos rendimientos con un mínimo impacto en los factores ecológicos como en la fertilidad del suelo. Un suelo fértil provee los nutrientes esenciales para el crecimiento de la planta, soporta una comunidad biótica diversa y activa, exhibe una estructura del suelo típica y permite una descomposición no disturbada. Los sistemas...

Amenorrea secundaria-mosaicismo 45,X/46,XX fertilidad y reinicio de funcion menstrual

OpenAIRE

Osuna C, Jesús A

2003-01-01

Objetivo: Presentación de una paciente de 17 años de edad, con un mosaicismo 45,X/46,XX que consultó por amenorrea secundaria, con posterior normalización del ciclo menstrual y fertilidad. Metodos: Historia clínica, estudios endocrinos, laparoscopia, biopsia de ovarios y estudio citogenético. Resultados: La paciente inició cambios puberales espontáneos a la edad de 11 años y menarca a los 13 años, seguida de ciclos regulares de 28 días, hasta el momento de su consulta por amenorrea secundaria...

Origin of K-feldspar megacrystals from Monte das Gameleiras granite, Rio Grande do Norte/Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Galindo, A.C.

1988-01-01

The Monte das Gameleiras granitic batholith is located at the boundary between Rio Grande do Norte and Paraiba States in northeastern Brazil. Two main types of granitic rocks have been identified in this batholith. Dioritic inclusions occur in both of them. The predominating type is an extremely porphyritic syenogranite, which is intruded by a fine-grained monzogranite. K-feldspar megacrysts are found in both porphyritic granite and dioritic inclusions. The megacrysts long axes average around 4 cm, reaching up to 9 or 10 cm. The megacrysts are euhedral, zoned, and, sometimes, they show rapakivi texture. Flow textures and tuillage are common, but irregularly distributed. The K-feldspar megacrysts contain inclusions of plagioclase, biotite, quartz, hornblende, sphene, and apatite. These inclusions are concentrically arranged and parallel to the megacrysts zones. The included minerals are generally smaller than the same minerals in the groundmass. Microprobe analyses and X-ray difraction studies show that the megacrysts of both facies are similar in composition, containing around 90% of orthoclase. Taking into account the textural and compositional aspects, it is concluded that the megacrysts of porphyritic granite and dioritic inclusions are phenocrysts and not porphyroblasts. (author) [pt

EFECTO DEL SILICIO Y PLAGUICIDAS EN LA FERTILIDAD DEL SUELO Y RENDIMIENTO DEL ARROZ

OpenAIRE

Parm\\u00E9nides Furcal-Beriguete; Alejandra Herrera-Barrantes

2013-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del silicio en la fertilidad del suelo, la incidencia de enfermedades y plagas insectiles, el rendimiento y la calidad de granos del cultivo de arroz. El estudio se realizó en La Vega, Florencia, San Carlos, Costa Rica entre mayo y octubre en los años 2010 y 2011, en el mismo lote con la variedad CR 4477. Se establecieron cinco tratamientos: silicio al suelo, silicio al suelo más plaguicidas (alternativas químicas), silicio foliar, silicio fol...

Soil fertility and {sup 137} Cs redistribution as related to land use, landscape and texture in a watershed of Paraiba State; Fertilidade do solo e redistribuicao de {sup 137} Cs em funcao da cobertura vegetal, relevo, e classes texturais, em uma microbacia hidrografica do Estado da Paraiba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santos, Antonio Clementino dos

2004-03-15

Intensive land use and growing deforestation of the natural vegetation in Northeastern Brazil have contributed to the degradation of resources, particularly the decrease of soil fertility. As a result, biodiversity and ecosystem capacity to restore its resources after disturbances have been diminished. The decrease in soil fertility is more substantial in areas dominated by an undulating topography. In these areas, erosion is intensified when crops or pasture replaces natural vegetation. Even though degradation processes are reflected in environmental, social, and economical changes, there is a lack of information regarding the interrelationship between these changes and soil fertility and erosion. Thus, the 'Vaca Brava' watershed (14,04 km{sup 2}), located in the 'Agreste' region of Paraiba State, was selected to study the interrelationships between land use, landscape, particle size distribution, soil fertility and erosion using {sup 137} Cs redistribution. Small farms, where subsistence agriculture is intensive, are common in this watershed, as well as areas for environmental protection. A georreferenced survey of the watershed topography was initially carried out. Based on the survey data, the watershed was digitalized using a scale of 1:5000, and a 3-D map was created. Each landform element had its area determined on a area (absolute value) and percentage (relative value) basis. Shoulder, backslope and footslope positions represented 83% of the cultivated area in the watershed. A data base of 360 georreferenced soil samples (0-20 cm), collected using a stratified sampling scheme, was further created. Sites were stratified based on their landscape position (summit, shoulder, backslope, footslope, and toeslope) in factorial combination with land use (annual crops, pasture, Pennisetum purpureum, Mimosa caesalpiniae folia, bush fallow, and native forest). Physical analyses of the soil samples included particle size distribution and bulk density

Efeito de lodo de esgoto na fertilidade de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo cultivado com cana-de-açúcar

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Silva Fábio Cesar da

2001-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de 0, 20 e 40 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto, na presença e ausência de fertilizante mineral (NPK na fertilidade e nos teores de metais pesados de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, cultivado com cana-de-açúcar. Amostras de solo foram coletadas aos 146, 272 e 484 dias após o plantio da cultura de cana-de-açúcar e foram submetidas à análise de fertilidade pelo método do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, incluindo a determinação do S, Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn. O lodo de esgoto diminuiu a acidez do solo e forneceu Ca, P, S e Zn, principalmente. Seus efeitos foram de curta duração, restringindo-se a um ano agrícola. Os teores dos metais pesados das amostras de solo tratado foram maiores que os da testemunha, mas menores que os valores considerados perigosos ao ambiente.

Efeito de déficit hídrico transiente e doses crescentes de boro sobre a fertilidade de gemas de videira cv. Itália

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Jorbas Sampaio de Melo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito de diferentes tensões de água no solo e diferentes concentrações de boro, na fertilidade de gemas de videira cv. Itália, manejada sob o sistema de poda mista. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial, no município de Petrolina-PE. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3x3: três tensões indicativas para a recarga hídrica por irrigação (-30 kPa, -50 kPa e -70 kPa e três concentrações de boro (3%, 6% e 9%, com três repetições e duas plantas por parcela. A testemunha não recebeu aplicações com boro e o solo foi mantido com umidade na capacidade de campo (-10 kPa. As variáveis analisadas foram fertilidade de gemas, índice relativo de clorofila (IRC e área foliar. Os dados foram interpretados por meio de análise de variância e regressão, e os modelos escolhidos com base na significância do coeficiente de regressão (R² > 0,70. Verificou-se que a fertilidade de gemas mostrou efeito linear negativo em função do aumento da tensão de água no solo, diminuindo de 31,88% (-30 kPa, para 23,66% (-70 kPa. Contudo, a fertilidade de gemas nas videiras submetidas a uma restrição hídrica de -30 kPa foi superior à tensão de -10 kPa; o boro a 3% propiciou a maior taxa de fertilidade de gemas em comparação aos demais tratamentos com boro; a restrição hídrica no solo a -30 kPa ocasionou economia no volume de água aplicada da ordem de 35,4% em comparação ao manejo com -10 kPa; o índice relativo de clorofila aumentou linearmente com o acréscimo das tensões de água no solo e houve maior expansão da área foliar em plantas submetidas ao manejo da irrigação na capacidade de campo.

The 'Pajeu-Paraiba System' and the Sao Jose do Campestre 'Massif' in Eastern Borborema

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neves, Benjamim Bley de Brito; Campos Neto, Mario da Costa

2001-01-01

The best areas of exposures of the Pajeu-Paraiba Folding System (SPP) are in the western hinterland of Pernambuco, but the northern part of it - the so-called Alto Pajeu Terrane (TAP) - reaches the coastal zone of Paraiba (east of the 36 deg 00 ' W). This supra crustal terrane is positioned between important regional shear zones that separate it from high grade gneiss domains. To the north, there is the Rio Grande do Norte Terrane (RON)- separated by the Patos Lineament- and to the south there is the exposition of another important fraction of the basement of SPP, the Alto Moxoto Terrane (TAM). Both RON and TAM are considered mega-fragments of a previous Paleo proterozoic super continent, while TAP is assumed as a descendant segment of the Meso-Neo proterozoic orogenic belt, probably part of the super continent of that time (Rodinia). All these Nterranes are now juxtaposed and they were deeply reworked by the development of the Brasiliano Cycle, during the amalgamation of the Western Gondwana super continent. The TAP is mostly composed of muscovite-biotite gneisses (a), garnet-biotite-schists (b), intruded by augen-gneisses of granitic and syenogranitic composition (c) which are lithological assemblages of Eoneoproterozoic age (Cariris Velhos Cycle). They were diversely reworked and penetrated by granitoids (d) of the Brasiliano Cycle (as well as RGN has been), specially plutonic rocks of the end of Neo proterozoic III. These predominant rock-units (a, b, c) are positioned between major regional dextral shear zones, and their regional features are drawing an wide fan-sinformal structure, due to the Brasiliano reworking. Geochronological determinations -Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and U-Pb methods- confirm the Paleoproterozoic age of the RGN and its reworking during the Brasiliano, as well as the early Neo proterozoic age (Cariris Velhos Cycle) for the main rock units of TAP. Granitic plutonism and processes of shearing are common events of the Brasiliano Cycle for both, RGN and

Adaptación del frijol a suelos de baja fertilidad bajo presión de enfermedades foliares en Costa Rica

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Rodolfo Araya

2000-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar germoplasma y líneas mejoradas de alta productividad, en suelos de baja fertilidad y bajo presión de antracnosis y mancha angular. Durante 1996 y 1997 se evaluaron fuentes de tolerancia a la baja fertilidad de diversa procedencia geográfica y con resistencia para otros factores bióticos y abióticos. Se caracterizaron 562 genotipos, 251 mejorados y 311 criollos, en dos localidades de Costa Rica: Fraijanes (1750 msnm; 15,3 °C; 3025 mm; 10º09’ Latitud norte y 84°12’ Longitud oeste y Alajuela (840 msnm, 23,1 °C; 1966 mm; 10°01’ Latitud norte y 84° 16’ Longitud oeste. La densidad de siembra fue de 15 semillas por metro lineal y el tamaño de parcela varió con base en la disponibilidad de semilla; a la siembra sólo se adicionó inoculante de Rhizobium tropici al surco de siembra (4 kg/ha. La línea A321, el testigo local UCR 55, A483, G11640; G19696, G10843 y BAC50 mostraron alto rendimiento en las dos localidades. Los genotipos de alto rendimiento en una localidad fueron: en Alajuela: Guanajuato 132, Negro INIFAP, VAX 2, MAR 3 y en Fraijanes G13860, G92, MOC112, Bayo Alteño, J 117; Negro 8025 y A 247. Se identificó germoplasma no mejorado de diferente acervo genético, procedente de México, Perú y Guatemala, con tolerancia a suelos de baja fertilidad. Esto indica la importancia de evaluar material criollo y del intercambio de germoplasma entre países. Los genotipos superiores serán utilizados en el mejoramiento del frijol común para agricultura de bajo uso de insumos

Exploration potential of Paraiba and Natal platform basins, NE Brazil; Potencial exploratorio das bacias da Paraiba e da plataforma de Natal, NE do Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barbosa, Jose A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil); Lima Filho, Mario; Neumann, Virginio H. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Geologia; Maranhao Neto, Jose Carneiro; Araujo, Joao A.A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Programa de Pos Graduacao em Geociencias

2008-07-01

The portion of Brazilian continental margin located between the Pernambuco Shear Zone (ZCPE) and Touros High, enclosing Natal Platform and Paraiba basin, NE Brazil, presents a thin sedimentary cover represented by Neo- Cretaceous deposits, over an elevated basement. In this zone the narrow platform ends abruptly against the ocean plate, forming a scarped slope. This area corresponds to the Transverse zone of Northeast Brazil (TZN) limited by two extensive transcurrent E-W shear zones that acted as accommodation zones for the strain produced by the advance of the southern and northern rift branches. During the Aptian, the rift suffered a NE deflection and contoured the Borborema Province and the TZN. The resistance of this block to the rift advance generated a prominent and elevated region into the Atlantic gulf which resulted in the absence of rift deposition over the Brazilian margin and its deviation to the African side. The model suggested by this paper denominates this area as the 'exception zone' of the Brazilian margin, which possess a poor petroliferous potential and need to be separated from the sector corresponding to the Pernambuco basin, located to south of ZCPE, representing the last piece of margin before the rift deflection and possessing an important petroliferous potential. (author)

[Urban and rural population of the state of Sao Paulo: results of the census of 1980].

Science.gov (United States)

Saad, P M

1981-01-01

The accelerated urban growth of Sao Paulo between 1940-70 has continued during the period 1970-80, according to the 1980 censes. During 1970-80 the urban population increased 55.47%, while the rural population decreased 18.67%, bringing the percentage of the urban population to 88.6% of the total population of the state. This phenomenon has been common to all the 11 administrative regions of the state. The highest percentage of the urban population in 1980 was in the region of Greater Sao Paulo, followed by Litoral and Vale do Paraiba. The largest increases in urban population were in the regions of Sorocaba, Campinas, and Vale do Paraiba, while the highest decreases in rural population were in the regions of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Aracatuba, Presidente Prudente, and Marilia. The document presents detailed data for each of the 11 administrative regions of the state, and for each municipality within a region.

EFECTO DEL SILICIO Y PLAGUICIDAS EN LA FERTILIDAD DEL SUELO Y RENDIMIENTO DEL ARROZ

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Parm\\u00E9nides Furcal-Beriguete

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del silicio en la fertilidad del suelo, la incidencia de enfermedades y plagas insectiles, el rendimiento y la calidad de granos del cultivo de arroz. El estudio se realizó en La Vega, Florencia, San Carlos, Costa Rica entre mayo y octubre en los años 2010 y 2011, en el mismo lote con la variedad CR 4477. Se establecieron cinco tratamientos: silicio al suelo, silicio al suelo más plaguicidas (alternativas químicas, silicio foliar, silicio foliar más plaguicidas y testigo comercial. Como fuente se utilizaron si- licio en polvo al 70% de SiO2, aplicado quince días antes de siembra en dosis de 100 kg SiO2/ha, y líquido concentrado 40% SiO2 y 36% MgO, aplicado al follaje en dosis de 4 l/ha a los 17 y 30 días después de la siembra. El suelo del orden inceptisol de formación aluvial, al inicio del experimento tenía pH 4,9, valores de P y Si disponibles de 29 ppm y 44,7 ppm, respectivamente, acidez intercambiable 1,2 cmol(+/l y suma de bases 19,11 cmol(+/l. No hubo diferencia estadística significativa del silicio en la fertilidad del suelo, la incidencia de plagas y enfermedades, y en la calidad molinera; sin embargo, la combinación del silicio aplicado al suelo y el uso de plaguicidas incrementaron el contenido de zinc y cobre en el suelo, y del zinc y magnesio en las hojas de arroz, pero este efecto no se tradujo en rendimiento y calidad de granos. La aplicación de plaguicidas influyó positivamente en el peso y rendimiento del arroz en granza (p≤0,05.

Influence of Paraiba uranium deposit in the evaluation of radioecological dosimetry from Sao Mamede- PB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Damascena, Kennedy Francys Rodrigues; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo; Charfuelan, Juana Maria Jimenez; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Silva, Alberto Antonio da; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Fernandez, Zahily Herrero; Maciel Neto, Jose de Almeida, E-mail: kennedy.eng.ambiental@gmail.com, E-mail: jaraujo@ufpe.br, E-mail: romilton@ufpe.br, E-mail: juanitamariaj@gmail.com, E-mail: neideden@hotmail.com, E-mail: zahily1985@gmail.com, E-mail: profjosemaciel@gmail.com, E-mail: alberto.silva@barreiros.ifpe.edu.br [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (RAE/DEN/UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Grupo de Estudos em Radioecologia. Departamento de Energia Nuclear

2015-07-01

Regions with different levels of natural radionuclides should be investigated from the radioecological viewpoint, to establish protection criteria for environment and the population. The municipality of São Mamede in the state of Paraiba, is one of the closest of the uranium deposit in Espinharas - PB, and can be influenced, given its geological formation, which justifies conducting environmental dosimetric studies. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) established in 2008 a value for the environmental equivalent effective dose rate of 2.44 mSv / y, considering the different forms of exposure and outdoor environments and internal. The calculation for estimating the outdoor dose rate considered a factor of 0.2, which corresponds therefore to a dose rate of 0.46 mSv / y for these environments. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of natural ionizing radiation that municipality using estimated effective dose rate measured in air and 1.0 m from the surface, points to the presence of rocky outcrops using portable detector with discriminator combined probe of NaI (Tl) and BGO. The experimental setup allowed the evaluation of eighty-one points, dose rates ranged from 0.34 to 4.0 mSv / y, with an average of 0.76 mSv / y, exceeding the global average by a factor of 9, which characterizes the need to investigate the dosimetry for internal environments, which can define criteria to check a possible estimate of radioecological risk. (author)

Influence of Paraiba uranium deposit in the evaluation of radioecological dosimetry from Sao Mamede- PB

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Damascena, Kennedy Francys Rodrigues; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo; Charfuelan, Juana Maria Jimenez; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Silva, Alberto Antonio da; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Fernandez, Zahily Herrero; Maciel Neto, Jose de Almeida

2015-01-01

Regions with different levels of natural radionuclides should be investigated from the radioecological viewpoint, to establish protection criteria for environment and the population. The municipality of São Mamede in the state of Paraiba, is one of the closest of the uranium deposit in Espinharas - PB, and can be influenced, given its geological formation, which justifies conducting environmental dosimetric studies. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) established in 2008 a value for the environmental equivalent effective dose rate of 2.44 mSv / y, considering the different forms of exposure and outdoor environments and internal. The calculation for estimating the outdoor dose rate considered a factor of 0.2, which corresponds therefore to a dose rate of 0.46 mSv / y for these environments. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of natural ionizing radiation that municipality using estimated effective dose rate measured in air and 1.0 m from the surface, points to the presence of rocky outcrops using portable detector with discriminator combined probe of NaI (Tl) and BGO. The experimental setup allowed the evaluation of eighty-one points, dose rates ranged from 0.34 to 4.0 mSv / y, with an average of 0.76 mSv / y, exceeding the global average by a factor of 9, which characterizes the need to investigate the dosimetry for internal environments, which can define criteria to check a possible estimate of radioecological risk. (author)

O stress das mulheres com problemas de fertilidade e a sua adesão ao sexismo ambivalente

OpenAIRE

Santos, Inês Patrícia Hilário Campos dos

2013-01-01

A infertilidade num casal prejudica a vida de ambos quer em termos pessoais como relacionais do próprio casal, o que provoca um grande sofrimento psíquico. Os principais objetivos deste estudo foram analisar o stress das mulheres com problemas de fertilidade associado à baixa auto-estima sexual e a outros indicadores do bem-estar; e perceber se existe uma relação entre a adesão ao sexismo ambivalente, principalmente entre o sexismo benevolente e o stress deste grupo de mulheres. Para qu...

Research of environmental radiation dose on the inside of residence next of uranium deposit in Espinharas, Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dias Bezerra, Jairo; Dos Santos Amaral, Romilton; Araujo dos Santos Junior, Jose; Antonio da Silva, Alberto

2015-01-01

Humans are exposed to ionizing radiation, especially those natural sources originating from terrestrial radionuclides belonging to the radioactive series of 238 U and 233 Th, accompanied by the 40 K, which represents the major contribution to external and internal exposure. The increase of this dose in more than 40% in indoor environments is associated with building homes, close to areas with high levels of Natural Occurrences Radioactive Materials (NORM). The study area is located in the western region of the state of Paraiba and was chosen because it contains a major uranium deposits in Brazil, which has an average grade of 1,200 mg.kg -1 of U 3 O 8 . Were monitored 119 residences, in order to determine the effective doses in the air in indoor environments and the possible contribution of radon. For measure the doses, thermoluminescent dosimeters type LiF:Mg, Ti were used. The results obtained for effective dose rates, ranges from 0.71 to 2.07 mSv.y -1 , with an average value of 0.90 mSv.y -1 , getting these above the global reference value established by UNSCEAR that is 1.92 mSv.y -1 , should be investigated the condition of radioecological risk in indoor environments. (Author)

Fertilidade em garanhões avaliada através do exame andrológico Fertility in stallions as accessed by the breeding soundness examination

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Anelise Maria Hammes

1996-08-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve por objetivo discutir aspectos da fertilidade de garanhões e sua relação com o exame andrológico. Numa primeira análise, 10 garanhões usados em monta natural exclusivamente, tiveram seus índices reprodutivos relacionados a qualidade do seu sêmen. Num segundo grupo, foram considerados 14 garanhões cujos acasalamentos eram, alternadamente, inseminação artificial e/ou monta natural. No terceiro estudo, foram relacionados garanhões específicos, pertencentes aos dois grupos anteriores, sabidamente subférteis em que os índices de fertilidade foram relacionados a características do sêmen ou manejo. Quando os garanhões são submetidos a monta natural dentro de um programa de manejo racional existe uma significativa relação entre qualidade de sêmen e fertilidade (P This paper discuss certain aspects of the fertility in stallions and its relationship to the Breeding Soundness Examination. In afirst analysis, 10 stallions that were bred only naturally had their reproductive standards correlated to the sêmen quality. In a second step, we consider 14 stallions that were bred either by artificial insemination and for naturally. In a third study, certain subfertile stallions, belonging to the previous two groups, had their fertility standards correlated to sêmen quality and management procedures. A significam association (P<0.01 was observed between sêmen quality (sperm morphology and fertility, when stallions were bred naturally under appropriate management procedures. This relationship was not observed when artificial insemination was included in the management, because it can improve the fertility of subfertile stallions or be detrimental to normal stallions when misused used. The individual analysis of the subfertile stallions allowed to determine if the cause the infertility can befrom intrinsic or extrinsic (management factors.

The equivalence of high schools to national gymnasium in the first republic: the case of the Diocesan College of Paraiba

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Wojciech Andrzej Kulesza

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Since the foundation of the College of Pedro II in 1838 successive legislators tried to take it as a model, not only for the schools of Rio de Janeiro but for the whole Brazilian high school. Gradually the equalization to this institution was the mechanism encountered by the government to make uniform secondary education throughout the country. With the republican laicization, the Catholic Church also begins to consider useful this mechanism to sanction officially the studies in their schools. This work, based in the documentation founded in Brazilian National Archive, focused the institution of definitive equivalence of the Diocesan College of Paraiba to the Gymnasium National in 1908.

Investigating transport capacity equations in sediment yield modelling for the Cariri semi-arid region of Paraiba-PB/Brazil

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E. E. De Figueiredo

2015-03-01

Full Text Available In the semi arid Cariri region of the state of Paraiba, Brazil, runoff is of the Hortonian type generated by excess of rainfall over infiltration capacity, and soil erosion is governed by rainfall intensity and sediment size. However, the governing sediment transport mechanism is not well understood. Sediment transport generally depends on the load of sediment provided by soil erosion and on the transport capacity of the flow. The latter is mainly governed by mechanisms such as water shear stress, or stream power. Accordingly, the load of sediment transported by the flow may vary depending on the mechanism involved in the equation of estimation. Investigation of the sediment transport capacity of the flow via a distributed physically-based model is an important and necessary task, but quite rare in semi-arid climates, and particularly in the Cariri region of the state of Paraíba/Brazil. In this study, the equations of Yalin, Engelund & Hansen, Laursen, DuBoys and Bagnold have been coupled with the MOSEE distributed physically based model aiming at identifying the mechanisms leading to the best model simulations when compared with data observed at various basin scales and land uses in the study region. The results obtained with the investigated methods were quite similar and satisfactory suggesting the feasibility of the mechanisms involved, but the observed values were better represented with Bagnold’s equation, which is physically grounded on the stream power, and we recommend it for simulations of similar climate, runoff generation mechanisms and sediment characteristics as in the study region.

Fertilidade de substratos para mudas de mangabeira, contendo fibra de coco e adubados com fósforo

OpenAIRE

Dias,Thiago Jardelino; Pereira,Walter Esfrain; Sousa,Geocleber Gomes de

2007-01-01

Este experimento foi executado no Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFPB, Areia, Estado da Paraíba, com objetivo de avaliar a fertilidade de substratos compostos por diferentes concentrações de fibra de coco (0 a 40%), esterco bovino (0 a 25%), terra vegetal (25 a 70%), 15% de areia e adubados com superfosfato triplo (0; 5,5 e 11 g L-1). Houve aumento das características químicas desejáveis do substrato com aumento da concentração de terra vegetal, fibra de coco e dose máxima do superfosfato tri...

Anticorpos contra o vírus da língua azul em bovinos do sertão da Paraíba

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Melo C.B.

2000-01-01

Full Text Available In June of 1997 the prevalence of antibodies to bluetongue virus was between 3.94 and 4.82% in 137 bovine serum samples from 12 herds in Paraiba State, Brazil. This is the first report of antibodies to bluetongue virus in Paraiba State herds.

Biologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade do pulgão-preto em cultivares de videira

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Cléber Antonio Baronio

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a biologia e a tabela de vida de fertilidade do pulgão-preto da videira [Aphis illinoisensis (Hemiptera: Aphididae], em mudas das cultivares de Vitis labrusca Bordô, e de V. vinifera Cabernet Franc, Itália e Moscato Bianco. O experimento foi conduzido em 50 minigaiolas de confinamento, com um inseto em cada gaiola por tratamento, fixadas em mudas de videira mantidas em câmara de crescimento do tipo fitotron (a 25±1°C, umidade relativa de 75±10% e fotófase de 14 horas. Avaliaram-se diariamente a duração e a viabilidade ninfal, a fecundidade e a longevidade do período reprodutivo da espécie. O pulgão-preto da videira completou o ciclo biológico nas mudas das mencionadas cultivares, com duração da fase de ninfa de 7,9±0,3, 6,8±0,2, 6,2±0,2 e 6,7±0,2 dias, e viabilidade de 58, 82, 98 e 80% para 'Bordô', 'Cabernet Franc', 'Itália' e 'Moscato Bianco', respectivamente. 'Cabernet Franc' e 'Moscato Bianco' foram mais favoráveis ao desenvolvimento do pulgão-preto, com base na tabela de vida de fertilidade, com 51,3 e 55,6 descendentes por fêmea, por geração, respectivamente. 'Bordô' foi a menos adequada ao desenvolvimento do afídeo, com 12,55 descendentes por fêmea, por geração, o que indica resistência do tipo antibiose ou não preferência do inseto pela cultivar.

Why the coastal plain of Paraiba do Sul river not be denominated the classical model of wave dominated delta

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martin, L.

1987-01-01

Existing coastal sedimentation models have not properly incorporated the fundamental role of Holocene sea-level history in the development of modern coastal regions. For example the classical work by COLEMAN and WRIGHT (1975), although analyzing the influence of as many as 400 parameters on the geometry of deltaic sand bodies, did not address the effects of Holocene sea-level oscillations. Previous work on the central portion of the Brazilian coastline indicated that the relative construction of the coastal plains. Detailed mapping and radiocarbon dating have allowed us to establish the different phases involved in the depositional history of the plain situated at the Paraiba do Sul river mouth. This history is not in keeping with the classical model of wave dominated delta. (author)

Use of thin layer chromatography for the determination of radiochemical purity of radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine services of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; Utilizacao da cromatografia em camada delgada para determinacao da pureza radioquimica de radiofarmacos em servicos de medicina nuclear da Paraiba e Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Andrade, W.G.; Santos, P.A.L.; Lima, F.R.A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Tecnologia Energetica; Lima, F.F., E-mail: wellington.gandrade@gmail.com [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2012-07-01

The paper chromatography and the thin layer chromatography are separation techniques in which the radioactive components migrate because of their affinity with the eluent (mobile phase) or stationary phase, respectively. In radiopharmaceuticals labeled with {sup 99m}Tc, besides its own radiopharmaceutical, {sup 99m}TcO{sup 4-} free and TcO{sub 2} can be identified and quantified. The evaluation of radiochemical purity of radiopharmaceuticals is essential to produce images free of artifacts as well as avoid unnecessary absorbed dose to the patient. Once they are managed in humans it is important and necessary that they undergo to strict quality control. Because of this, ANVISA in its 'Resolucao da Diretoria Colegiada (RDC) 38 of June 4th, 2008 states the obligation of performing a minimum of tests in nuclear medicine services routine prior to human administration. This work evaluated, by the method of thin layer chromatography (TLC), radiochemical purity, determined the pH of the radiopharmaceutical DEXTRAN- 500, DMSA, DTPA, PHYTATE, MDP, MIBI and Sn-Col used in nuclear medicine services in the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte - Brazil. The results show that the use of thin layer chromatography (TLC) as a standard method in routine of nuclear medicine services is possible, because it provides important data for the evaluation of radiochemical purity, allowing the exclusion of a radiopharmaceutical poorly marked. (author)

Determination of the equivalent doses due to the ingestion of radionuclides from the uranium and thorium series presents in drinking waters of the region of Santa Luzia, Paraiba state, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pastura, Valeria F. da S.; Campos, Thomas F. da C.; Petta, Reinaldo A.

2011-01-01

This paper determined the original dose equivalents from radionuclides of uranium and thorium series in a drinking water of well which is supplied to the population of Santa Luzia, Paraiba state, Brazil. The collected waters are near to the mineralized phlegmatic bodies in rose quartz and amazonite feldspar. Radiometric measurements performed on the feldspar vein point out counting ratios surrounding 30000 cps and the analysis of collected samples of minerals presented tenors for the 226 Ra and 219 Pb varying from 0.50 to 2.30 Bq/sw. For determination of concentration of radionuclides U Total , 226 Ra, 228 Ra and 219 Pb, found in the not desalinated, two methods were used, spectrophotometry with arsenazo and radiochemistry, both realized in the CNEN-LAPOC laboratories. For the calculation of dose equivalent it was taken into consideration the following parameters: the dose coefficients for incorporation by ingestion for public individuals with ages over 17 years (Norma CNEN-NN-3.01, Regulatory Position 3.01/011) and daily ingestion of 4 liters of water, which is over the recommended by the WHO of 2L/day - 1993. The obtained values were compared with the reference value for compromised dose equivalent established by WHO for evaluate the risk potential to the health of population, by ingestion. The radionuclide concentrations in the wells varies from 0.054 to 0.21 Bq/L, resulting dose equivalents of 3.94 x 10 -3 mSv/year and 0.17 mSv/year in the studied population

Geology of the Curimatau medium region (Paraiba State, Brazil) and the emplacement of the Dona Ines granite associated to the Brasiliano transcurrent shear zones; Geologia da Regiao do Medio Curimatau (PB) e o alojamento do granito de Dona Ines associado a zonas de cisalhamento transcorrentes brasilianas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borges, Sergio Vieira Freire

1996-12-31

In an area of about 700 Km{sup 2} located in the northeast of Paraiba State and having as main point the town of Dona Ines, a geologic/structural mapping, a gravimetric survey and radiometric dating using the Rb/Sr method in whole rock and Sm.Nd model ages were undertaken in order to study and to understand the geology of this portion of terrain, the emplacement of the Dona Ines granitoids and its relationship with the enclosing rocks and the deformation acting at the time of the intrusion. The age of the pluton of Dona Ines was determined by the Rb/Sr whole rock method as 560 {+-} 20 Ma (end of Brasiliano Cycle in the region). Sm.Nd model ages in granitoids of Araras, Belem and Dona Ines have revealed paleoproterozoic ages for their crustal sources, as indicated by the negative {epsilon}{sub nd} of this rock 128 refs., 95 figs., 6 tabs., 7 maps

Geology of the Curimatau medium region (Paraiba State, Brazil) and the emplacement of the Dona Ines granite associated to the Brasiliano transcurrent shear zones; Geologia da Regiao do Medio Curimatau (PB) e o alojamento do granito de Dona Ines associado a zonas de cisalhamento transcorrentes brasilianas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borges, Sergio Vieira Freire

1997-12-31

In an area of about 700 Km{sup 2} located in the northeast of Paraiba State and having as main point the town of Dona Ines, a geologic/structural mapping, a gravimetric survey and radiometric dating using the Rb/Sr method in whole rock and Sm.Nd model ages were undertaken in order to study and to understand the geology of this portion of terrain, the emplacement of the Dona Ines granitoids and its relationship with the enclosing rocks and the deformation acting at the time of the intrusion. The age of the pluton of Dona Ines was determined by the Rb/Sr whole rock method as 560 {+-} 20 Ma (end of Brasiliano Cycle in the region). Sm.Nd model ages in granitoids of Araras, Belem and Dona Ines have revealed paleoproterozoic ages for their crustal sources, as indicated by the negative {epsilon}{sub nd} of this rock 128 refs., 95 figs., 6 tabs., 7 maps

Relación entre la mineralogía de la fracción arcilla y la fertilidad en algunos suelos cultivados con banano en las llanuras aluviales del Caribe de Costa Rica

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Fulvio Arias

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se analizó la relación entre las familias mineralógicas y las características de fertilidad de suelos cultivados con banano en las llanuras del Caribe de Costa Rica. Los resultados corroboran que existen diferencias en fertilidad atribuibles al tipo y cantidad de arcilla dominante, de manera que la CIC, retención de fosfatos y las bases cambiables varían en función de la familia mineralógica. Los suelos agrupados en la familia esmectítica presentaron mayores valores de CIC y bases cambiables y menor retención de fosfatos que los suelos agrupados dentro de la familia metahaloisítica. Los suelos con presencia de vermiculita presentaron menor disponibilidad de K y mayor disponibilidad de Mg.

FERTILIDAD Y EMBARAZO EN PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDADES INFLAMATORIAS INTESTINALES

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ANDRÉS YARUR U., DR.

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Las Enfermedades Inflamatorias Intestinales (EII son entidades crónicas del tracto digestivo, que afectan frecuentemente a pacientes en edad reproductiva. Debido a las características de estas enfermedades y su tratamiento, existen múltiples desafíos. En este artículo, revisamos la evidencia más reciente con respecto a fertilidad y embarazo en pacientes con EII. En general, existe evidencia de que pacientes con EII tienen una mayor tasa de complicaciones durante el embarazo con respecto a pacientes sin EII. Sin embargo, esta diferencia está directamente asociada al grado de actividad de la enfermedad. La mayor parte de los fármacos hoy usados en el tratamiento de EII son considerados seguros durante el embarazo y se recomienda continuarlos, sobre todo considerando que el mayor riesgo de complicaciones está asociado a una enfermedad activa. Sin embargo es importante considerar las opciones caso a caso. Las dos grandes excepciones son metotrexato y talidomida que están completamente contraindicadas. La recomendación más importante es educar a toda paciente con EII en edad reproductiva, explicando que el embarazo debe llevarse a cabo cuando la enfermedad esté controlada y que la probabilidad de complicaciones está relacionada con el grado de actividad y severidad de la EII. Los médicos tratantes deben educar a las pacientes, enfatizando el seguimiento de los controles y tratamiento.

Inclusión del Intervalo Interestral (IIE) como elemento diagnóstico de la fertilidad del rebaño bovino

OpenAIRE

M.Sc José A Betancourt Betancourt.

2005-01-01

ResumenA partir de los registros de 1404 bovinos lecheros de la raza Siboney de 6 empresas ganaderas de la provincia de Camaguey se realizó un análisis estadístico para determinar que variable de las estudiadas influyeron sobre el intervalo interestral (IIE). Se determinó que todos los factores que influyeron sobre el IIE pueden ser corregidos con acciones de manejo y organización del trabajo, y corrobora que el IIE es un valioso elemento diagnóstico de la fertilidad del rebaño bovino que ref...

Geochronologic inventory of Rio de Janeiro State

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fonseca, A.C.

1995-01-01

This paper presents a geochronological study on the Rio de Janeiro State rocks, Southeast Brazil. It is based in a great volume of analytical results (Rb-Sr, U-Pb, Sm-Nd, K-Ar, Ar-Ar and fission tracks dating). It also evocates a little doubt on the Juiz de Fora Complex age: a transamazonic age and some doubts on the sedimentation age of Paraiba do Sul and Andrelandia groups, Costeiro Complex and the existence of a correlation between these litho-stratigraphic units. 19 refs., 2 tabs

Flora of the State of Paraíba, Brazil: Loranthaceae Juss.

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Gabriella Carla Leite de Vasconcelos

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The family Loranthaceae Juss., characterized by its parasitic habit, is rarely studied in Brazil. Current research provides a taxonomic survey of Loranthaceae in the State of Paraiba, northeastern Brazil, in which ten species belonging to four genera have been recorded: Passovia (one species, Psittacanthus (two species, Pusillanthus (one species and Struthanthus (six species. Struthanthus concinnus Mart. was found for the first time in the state of Paraíba. A key to the species identification and taxonomic descriptions is presented, with images, geographic distribution and host data.

Arsenic in groundwater of the Paraiba do Sul delta, Brazil: An atmospheric source?

Science.gov (United States)

Mirlean, N; Baisch, P; Diniz, D

2014-06-01

High concentrations of arsenic (>50μg L(-1)) have been detected for the first time in groundwater of the wave-dominated Paraiba do Sul delta, Brazil. The deltaic shallow groundwater aquifer is enriched in arsenic fixed by authigenic sulfides. A study of palynomorphs confirmed that aquifer sediments were formed in inter-dune lakes/swamps lately covered by eolian sands. The organic sediments of contemporaneous inter-dune lake/swamp contain very high concentration of As: up to 180mg kg(-1) and 163μg L(-1) in dry gyttja material and interstitial water, respectively. The As in recent lake/swamp sediments is retained by iron hydroxides in upper and probably by sulfides in lower layers. In the absence of connection of inter-dune lakes/swamps with fluvial currents, the atmospheric input of As could be considered as the principal source in sediments. The calculation demonstrates the possibility of high concentrations of As accumulation in sediments of inter-dune lakes/swamps from atmospheric precipitations within several centuries before they will be covered by eolian sands and turned into shallow aquifer. Considering the commonalities of wave-dominated delta formations, we can predict more prevalent As accumulation in delta plain groundwater. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Gamma dosimetry of the uranium deposit in Sao Jose de Espinharas, Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Alberto Antonio da; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo dos; Cunha, Andre Felippe Vieira da; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Oliveira, Iane Andrade de; Bezerra, Jairo Dias; Silva, Flavio Ferreira da

2013-01-01

Radioecology studies contribute to the monitoring of both anthropic and natural radionuclides, as well as their correlation with the ecosystem and the population. Terrestrial sources, which mainly include the primary radionuclides of the 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 K series, contribute to a higher effective dose received by humanity, with 84% from terrestrial radionuclides and another 16% derived from cosmogenic nuclides. Areas with high levels of natural radiation, above the acceptable limits, are of great relevance for the development of dosimetry studies, whose core aims include the preservation of the environment and the control of the population's exposure to radiation. The town of Sao Jose de Espinharas, Paraiba, Brazil, has a uranium oxide mine with an average grade of 1,200 mg/kg. In the present study, non-destructive, in situ assays were performed along the entire radiometrically anomalous area. The results obtained in terms of effective doses varied from 3.79 to 93.80 mSv.y -1 , with an average of 19.47 mSv.y -1 thus leading to the conclusion that all of the monitored points presented environmental doses of above the reference value of 2.4 mSv.y -1 , suggesting that both qualitative and quantitative analyses concerning the environmental matrixes in question need to be performed. (author)

Efecto de la alternación de fuentes sanguíneas sobre la fecundidad y la fertilidad de Rhodnius prolixus Stal (Heteroptera: Reduviidae

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Elis José Aldana

2009-04-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se evidencia que si el éxito reproductivo de Rhodnius prolixus Stal está relacionado a la fuente alimentaria, entonces las necesidades biológicas del insecto son satisfechas en modos diferentes según el tipo de alternancia entre dichas fuentes de alimentación; tales diferencias son reveladas mediante los cambios en fertilidad y fecundidad del insecto. Se realizaron nueve alternancias, en cada una se suministraron dos alimentaciones, en unas se alternó la fuente de alimentación y en los controles se suministraron dos alimentaciones con la misma fuente. Las fuentes alimentarias fueron paloma, gallina y humano, esta última mediante un aparato de alimentación artificial; estas fuentes se escogieron en el supuesto que son fuentes alimentarias encontradas en los ecotopos silvestre, peri-domicilio y domicilio respectivamente. En todos los tipos de alternancia se encontró una relación lineal entre la fecundidad y el tiempo de oviposición, que la relación entre cantidad de sangre ingerida y la fecundidad varían, que la tasa de fecundidad aumenta en la segunda alimentación respecto a la primera y que la fertilidad fue superior al 95 %. Effects of alternating blood sources on fecundity and fertility of Rhodnius prolixus Stal (Heteroptera: ReduviidaeIn this work it is argued that if the reproductive parameters of Rhodnius prolixus Stal are related to the blood source upon which it feeds, then the insects biological needs must be satisfied in different ways by the alternation between blood sources, reveled through changes in the fecundity and fertility of individuals of this insect species. Nine experiments were conducted, each one consisting of two feedings, in which the blood source were either alternated or remained the same. The meal sources used were pigeon, hen and human blood, selected according to the resources found in the sylvatic, peri-domestic and domestic ecotopes respectively. It was found that the quantity of

Dosimetry of radium equivalent in construction material of brick works in Sao Jose do Sabugi City - Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo, Eduardo Eudes Nobrega de; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo dos; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Spacov, Isabel Cristina Guerra; Fernandez, Zahily Herrero

2015-01-01

The earth's crust has in its composition the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) that may have increased concentration due to activities of exploration and extraction of environmental resources. The civil construction is an economic activity that requires the use of much of the natural resources, such as the raw material of brick works, like clays, mainly used for the production of bricks and tiles. These construction materials may contain high levels of natural radioactive elements, even with concentrations higher than the limits established, given that the levels vary according to the composition of rocks and soil, due to the geological formation and may result in increased exposure of humans to natural radioactive activities. In this context, the radioecological dosimetry is defined in terms of Radium Equivalent activity (Ra eq ), that ensure radiometric conditions for the use of material derived from clays before its final application in housing construction, an initiative that ensures the radioecological safety of population. Thus, this study aimed to establish the calculation of Ra eq in the raw material of brick works located in Sao Jose do Sabugi city, state of Paraiba, in an area adjacent to the uranium deposits of Espinharas, to estimate the risks associated with primordial radionuclides attributed to TENORM activities (Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) from the extraction and use of clay as a raw material in the manufacture of bricks and tiles. Analyses were performed by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry, with HPGe-Be detector, assuming the state of secular radioactive equilibrium. The results ranged from 183.2 to 747.78 Bq/kg, with an average of 494.6 Bq/kg which exceeded the limit of 370 Bq/kg established by UNSCEAR for construction materials. Some samples obtained values exceeded by up the double this limit, suggesting control and radiometric certification for application of this material. (author)

Dosimetry of radium equivalent in construction material of brick works in Sao Jose do Sabugi City - Paraiba, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Araujo, Eduardo Eudes Nobrega de; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo dos; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Spacov, Isabel Cristina Guerra; Fernandez, Zahily Herrero, E-mail: eduardo.eudes@ufpe.br, E-mail: jaraujo@ufpe.br, E-mail: romilton@ufpe.br, E-mail: neideden@hotmail.com, E-mail: isabelspacov@gmail.com, E-mail: zahily1985@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Energia Nuclear. Grupo de Radioecologia

2015-07-01

The earth's crust has in its composition the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) that may have increased concentration due to activities of exploration and extraction of environmental resources. The civil construction is an economic activity that requires the use of much of the natural resources, such as the raw material of brick works, like clays, mainly used for the production of bricks and tiles. These construction materials may contain high levels of natural radioactive elements, even with concentrations higher than the limits established, given that the levels vary according to the composition of rocks and soil, due to the geological formation and may result in increased exposure of humans to natural radioactive activities. In this context, the radioecological dosimetry is defined in terms of Radium Equivalent activity (Ra{sub eq}), that ensure radiometric conditions for the use of material derived from clays before its final application in housing construction, an initiative that ensures the radioecological safety of population. Thus, this study aimed to establish the calculation of Ra{sub eq} in the raw material of brick works located in Sao Jose do Sabugi city, state of Paraiba, in an area adjacent to the uranium deposits of Espinharas, to estimate the risks associated with primordial radionuclides attributed to TENORM activities (Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials) from the extraction and use of clay as a raw material in the manufacture of bricks and tiles. Analyses were performed by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry, with HPGe-Be detector, assuming the state of secular radioactive equilibrium. The results ranged from 183.2 to 747.78 Bq/kg, with an average of 494.6 Bq/kg which exceeded the limit of 370 Bq/kg established by UNSCEAR for construction materials. Some samples obtained values exceeded by up the double this limit, suggesting control and radiometric certification for application of this material

Producción de café (Coffea arabica L. en respuesta al manejo específico de la fertilidad del suelo

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Luz Adriana Lince Salazar

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio de la variabilidad espacial es el principal insumo para el manejo específico por sitio-MES, con fines de optimizar los recursos, al reducir los costos de producción de los cultivos y el impacto negativo sobre el ambiente. Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto del MES en la producción del café, durante los años 2011 y 2012 se realizó un experimento del manejo de la fertilidad del suelo en café (Coffea arabica L., Variedad Castillo® en lotes con áreas diferentes (1,0, 2,0 y 3,5 ha, ubicados en tres fincas del departamento del Quindío, Colombia. Se evaluó el efecto de tres tratamientos en la producción de café cereza: i testigo sin fertilización; ii manejo de acuerdo a los resultados de los análisis de suelo, logrados mediante un muestreo convencional en zigzag y, iii manejo por sitio específico conforme lo indicaron las áreas homogéneas, obtenidas mediante mapas de variabilidad espacial. En ninguno de los lotes hubo efecto de los tratamientos, respuesta que se relacionó con uno o más de los siguientes factores: tiempo relativamente corto de evaluación, fertilidad del suelo, reservas de los nutrientes en las plantas, y el número reducido de repeticiones (tres por tratamiento.

Determination of the equivalent doses due to the ingestion of radionuclides from the uranium and thorium series presents in drinking waters of the region of Santa Luzia, Paraiba state, Brazil; Determinacao das doses equivalentes devido a ingestao de radionuclideos das series do uranio e torio presentes em aguas de consumo do municipio de Santa Luzia, estado da Paraiba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pastura, Valeria F. da S., E-mail: vpastura@cnen.gov.b [Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (DRSN/CNEN), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Diretoria de Radioprotecao e Seguranca Nuclear. Coordenacao de Materias Primas e Minerais; Campos, Thomas F. da C.; Petta, Reinaldo A., E-mail: thomascampos@geologia.ufrn.b, E-mail: petta@geologia.ufrn.b [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (LARANA/UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil). Lab. de Radioatividade Natural

2011-10-26

This paper determined the original dose equivalents from radionuclides of uranium and thorium series in a drinking water of well which is supplied to the population of Santa Luzia, Paraiba state, Brazil. The collected waters are near to the mineralized phlegmatic bodies in rose quartz and amazonite feldspar. Radiometric measurements performed on the feldspar vein point out counting ratios surrounding 30000 cps and the analysis of collected samples of minerals presented tenors for the {sup 226}Ra and {sup 219}Pb varying from 0.50 to 2.30 Bq/sw. For determination of concentration of radionuclides U{sub Total}, {sup 226}Ra, {sup 228}Ra and {sup 219}Pb, found in the not desalinated, two methods were used, spectrophotometry with arsenazo and radiochemistry, both realized in the CNEN-LAPOC laboratories. For the calculation of dose equivalent it was taken into consideration the following parameters: the dose coefficients for incorporation by ingestion for public individuals with ages over 17 years (Norma CNEN-NN-3.01, Regulatory Position 3.01/011) and daily ingestion of 4 liters of water, which is over the recommended by the WHO of 2L/day - 1993. The obtained values were compared with the reference value for compromised dose equivalent established by WHO for evaluate the risk potential to the health of population, by ingestion. The radionuclide concentrations in the wells varies from 0.054 to 0.21 Bq/L, resulting dose equivalents of 3.94 x 10{sup -3} mSv/year and 0.17 mSv/year in the studied population

Correlación entre la fertilidad y el pH uterino de vacas Holstein suplementadas con levadura de cerveza

OpenAIRE

Lina María Barrera-Sánchez; José Luis Porras-Vargas

2011-01-01

En  la  región del Sugamuxi  se ha establecido  la levadura de cerveza (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) como  suplemento  en  ganaderías  lecheras  por producir  aumento  de  la  producción  láctea.  El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios de pH uterino en fase estral y fase luteal de vacas Holstein suplementadas correlacionándolos con la  fertilidad. Así  se  evaluaron dos grupos: uno suplementado  (n=50)  y  otro no suplementado (n=50). Se extrajeron muestras de moco uterino y se mid...

Multibiomarker approach in fish to assess the impact of pollution in a large Brazilian river, Paraiba do Sul.

Science.gov (United States)

Linde-Arias, Ana Rosa; Inácio, Alan F; Novo, Leonardo A; de Alburquerque, Carla; Moreira, Josino C

2008-12-01

This article examines the advantages of the use of biomarkers as environmental indicators by applying it to Paraiba do Sul watershed, one of the most important Brazilian water bodies, which is in a critical environmental situation. We use a multibiomarker approach in fish as an integrated strategy to assess the impact of pollution. It comprehends a general biomarker of fish health, the condition factor (CF), and specific biomarkers of contaminant exposure such as metallothionein (MT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) metabolites. Our results revealed different effects in the fish from diverse locations with varying degrees of pollution. Furthermore, fish located just upstream of the water-treatment plant of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro has shown to be affected by metals. This study indicates the usefulness of integrating a set of biomarkers to define the effects of anthropogenic inputs in aquatic bodies under complex polluted situations.

Multibiomarker approach in fish to assess the impact of pollution in a large Brazilian river, Paraiba do Sul

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Linde-Arias, Ana Rosa; Inacio, Alan F.; Novo, Leonardo A.; Alburquerque, Carla de; Moreira, Josino C.

2008-01-01

This article examines the advantages of the use of biomarkers as environmental indicators by applying it to Paraiba do Sul watershed, one of the most important Brazilian water bodies, which is in a critical environmental situation. We use a multibiomarker approach in fish as an integrated strategy to assess the impact of pollution. It comprehends a general biomarker of fish health, the condition factor (CF), and specific biomarkers of contaminant exposure such as metallothionein (MT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) metabolites. Our results revealed different effects in the fish from diverse locations with varying degrees of pollution. Furthermore, fish located just upstream of the water-treatment plant of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro has shown to be affected by metals. This study indicates the usefulness of integrating a set of biomarkers to define the effects of anthropogenic inputs in aquatic bodies under complex polluted situations. - Integrated approach using biomarkers proofs suitable for environmental assessment of a diversely polluted river

Multibiomarker approach in fish to assess the impact of pollution in a large Brazilian river, Paraiba do Sul

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Linde-Arias, Ana Rosa [Laboratorio de Toxicologia, Centro de Estudos da Saude do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Leopoldo Bulhoes, 1480, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)], E-mail: arlinde@ensp.fiocruz.br; Inacio, Alan F.; Novo, Leonardo A.; Alburquerque, Carla de; Moreira, Josino C. [Laboratorio de Toxicologia, Centro de Estudos da Saude do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Leopoldo Bulhoes, 1480, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2008-12-15

This article examines the advantages of the use of biomarkers as environmental indicators by applying it to Paraiba do Sul watershed, one of the most important Brazilian water bodies, which is in a critical environmental situation. We use a multibiomarker approach in fish as an integrated strategy to assess the impact of pollution. It comprehends a general biomarker of fish health, the condition factor (CF), and specific biomarkers of contaminant exposure such as metallothionein (MT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) metabolites. Our results revealed different effects in the fish from diverse locations with varying degrees of pollution. Furthermore, fish located just upstream of the water-treatment plant of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro has shown to be affected by metals. This study indicates the usefulness of integrating a set of biomarkers to define the effects of anthropogenic inputs in aquatic bodies under complex polluted situations. - Integrated approach using biomarkers proofs suitable for environmental assessment of a diversely polluted river.

Fertilidade do solo, crescimento e qualidade de frutos do mamoeiro Tainung sob fertirrigação com potássio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Correia dos Anjos

Full Text Available RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da fertilidade do solo, o crescimento, composição mineral nas folhas e no pecíolo, produtividade e qualidade dos frutos do mamoeiro Formosa, Cv. 'Tainung Nº. 1'; em função de níveis de adubação potássica no solo, aplicados via fertirrigação. O experimento foi conduzido durante os anos agrícolas de 2008/2009 e 2010/2011, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, instalado em uma área de cultivo comercial no Município de Russas, CE. Os tratamentos corresponderam a quatro doses de KCl (60; 120; 180 e 240 g planta mês-1, aplicados na forma de KCl na água de irrigação, juntamente com a adubação convencional via solo, utilizada no cultivo do mamão no Neossolo Quartzarênico da fazenda. As doses influenciaram na fertilidade do solo, aumentando os teores de N, P, K+, matéria orgânica; e percolou as bases do solo, maximizou o desenvolvimento e a produtividade do mamoeiro. A absorção de N, P e K+ no mamoeiro, é superior no seu pico de produção; e o P foi o nutriente que mais acumulou no fruto. A qualidade dos frutos foi influenciada pelas doses de K+, e a dose 180 g de KCl planta mês-1 favoreceu a produção de frutos de melhor qualidade para consumo de mesa e processamento da polpa.

Soil fertility characteristics as affected by close spacing of conilon coffee plants Características da fertilidade do solo influenciadas pelo plantio adensado de café conilon

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

André Guarçoni M.

2011-08-01

Full Text Available In arabica coffee crops grown at high altitudes with lower temperatures, soil fertility can be improved by condensed spacing. However, at low lands with warmer temperatures in which conilon coffee is grown, the effect of close spacing on the soil characteristics may change. Aiming to determine the effect of coffee-trees close planting grown with or without NPK fertilization on the soil fertility characteristics, soil samples were collected (0-20 and 20-40 cm depth within four different conilon crop spacings (2,222; 3,333; 4,000; and 5,000 plants/ha. It was determined pH, H+Al, effective CEC (t, pH 7.0 CEC (T, base saturation (v, aluminum saturation (m values and organic matter (OM, P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ contents. The analytical results were compared by Student t test and regression analysis. Conilon coffee-trees with close planting only changed soil fertility characteristics when coffee plants received annual NPK fertilization. Close planting substantially increased P and K contents and the T value in the upper soil layer and P and K contents and T, t and H+Al values in the lower soil layer.O plantio adensado melhora a fertilidade do solo em lavouras de café arábica, cultura típica de regiões altas e de temperaturas amenas. O café conilon é cultivado em regiões baixas e quentes, o que pode modificar os efeitos do adensamento sobre a fertilidade do solo. Visando determinar a influência do adensamento de plantio do café conilon, com ou sem adubação, nas características da fertilidade do solo, foram coletadas amostras de solo (0-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade em quatro densidades de plantio (2.222; 3.333; 4.000 e 5.000 plantas/ha. Foram determinados os valores de pH, H+Al, CTC efetiva (t, CTC pH 7,0 (T, saturação por bases (V e saturação por alumínio (m e os teores de matéria orgânica (MO, P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+. Os resultados analíticos foram comparados pelo teste t de Student e por análise de regressão. O adensamento de

High coffee population density to improve fertility of an oxisol Densidade populacional de cafeeiros para melhorar a fertilidade de um latossolo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Antonio Pavan

1999-03-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of coffee (Coffea arabica L. population densities on the chemical and microbiological properties of an Oxisol. The work was carried out on soil samples of 0-20 cm depth originated from an experimental site which had been used for coffee tree spacing studies during 15 years, in Paraná State, Brazil. Eight coffee tree populations were evaluated: 7143, 3571, 2381, 1786, 1429, 1190, 1020, and 893 trees/ha. Increasing plant population increased soil pH, exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, extractable P, organic carbon, moisture content and coffee root colonization by vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and decreased exchangeable Al and microbial biomass. Such results were attributed to better erosion control, improved plant residue management and nutrient cycling, and decreased leaching losses. Increasing coffee tree population per unit of area has shown to be an important reclamation recuperation strategy for improving fertility of the acid soils in Paraná, Brazil.O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar os efeitos de diferentes densidades de população de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L. nas propriedades químicas, físicas e microbiológicas do solo. Amostras de um Latossolo foram coletadas na profundidade 0-20 cm em um experimento de campo onde estavam sendo avaliadas diferentes populações de cafeeiros. Os tratamentos foram 7.143, 3.571, 2.381, 1.786, 1.429, 1.190, 1.020 e 893 covas/ha. Os resultados demonstraram que o aumento da população de plantas por unidade de área aumentou o pH, o Ca, o Mg e o K trocáveis, o P disponível, o carbono orgânico, o teor de umidade e a colonização radicular por micorrizas, e diminuiu o Al trocável e a biomassa microbiana. Foram considerados como causas da melhoria da fertilidade do solo, sob cafeeiros adensados, o adequado controle da erosão, o correto manejo dos resíduos vegetais e a baixa lixiviação dos íons. O manejo da população de cafeeiros pode

Producción de café (Coffea Arabica L. en respuesta al manejo específico por sitio de la fertilidad del suelo

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Luz Adriana Lince Salazar

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio de la variabilidad espacial es el principal insumo para el manejo específico por sitio MES, con el fin de optimizar los recursos, al reducir los costos de producción de los cultivos y el impacto negativo sobre el ambiente. Con el objetivo de determinar el efecto del MES en la producción del café, durante los años 2011 y 2012 se realizó un experimento del manejo de la fertilidad del suelo en café (Coffea arabica L., Variedad Castillo® en lotes con áreas diferentes (1,0, 2,0 y 3,5 ha, ubicados en tres fincas del departamento del Quindío, Colombia. Se evaluó el efecto de tres tratamientos en la producción de café cereza: i testigo sin fertilización; ii manejo de acuerdo a los resultados de los análisis de suelo, logrados mediante un muestreo convencional en zigzag y, iii manejo por sitio específico conforme lo indicaron las áreas homogéneas, obtenidas mediante mapas de variabilidad espacial. En ninguno de los lotes hubo efecto de los tratamientos, respuesta que se relacionó con uno o más de los siguientes factores: tiempo relativamente corto de evaluación, fertilidad del suelo, reservas de los nutrientes en las plantas, y el número reducido de repeticiones (tres por tratamiento.

Looking for Damming Effects on the Sedimentation Rates in the Estuary Region of the Paraiba do Sul River, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wanderley, C. V.A. [Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica, PUC-RIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Godoya, J. M. [Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica, PUC-RIO, Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria, IRD, Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Rezende, C. E. [Centro de Biociencias e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, UENF, Campos dos Goytacases, RJ (Brazil); Godoy, M. L.D.P.; Carvalho, Z. L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria, IRD, Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2013-07-15

The objective of this work is to evaluate the sedimentation rates at Paraiba do Sul estuary and to correlate them with the strong erosion that occurs in Atafona, Rio de Janeiro. The coastal line of Atafona has been regressing in the last 50 years and the sea has destroyed some constructions. There are traces that one of the factors of the situation in Atafona is the disruption of the equilibrium deposition-erosion. The sedimentation rates will show the influence of the river material input and when it happened, enabling the evaluation of the human and natural impacts suffered by the river. The work was based on three transects, north, centre and south, where 10 sediment cores with about 350 sediment samples were collected in January 2010. The sedimentation rates were obtained based on {sup 210}Pb dating and the data validated based on the heavy metal profiles and the local anthropogenic impacts records. (author)

Agronomic divergence of sorghum hybrids for silage yield in the semiarid region of Paraiba

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Thiago Carvalho da Silva

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic divergence of 25 sorghum hybrids (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench in the semiarid region of Paraiba. A randomized block design with three replications was used for evaluation of plant height (PH, total natural matter production (TNMP and total dry matter production (TDMP and the percentage of components of DM (panicle, leaf blade, stem and dead matter of the following hybrids: 866005, 866019, 866033, 866034, 866035, 866036, 866037, 866040, 866041, 866042, 866043, 866044, 870025, 870031, 870035, 870041, 870051, 870067, 870081, 870085, 870095, 1F305, BRS 610, Volumax, and XBS60329. Hybrid 1F305, followed by hybrid 866034, presented the highest average PH. There was a range from 7.679 to 20.948 kg/ha (average of 13,799 kg/ha for TDMP. Hybrids 1F305, BRS 610 and Volumax presented less potential, and hybrids 866,041 and 866,042 were the most productive. Based on cluster analysis and subjective cut in 50% of dissimilarity, it was possible to establish four hierarchical groups, from which two stood out concerning productive characteristics. The group formed by hybrids Volumax, BRS 610, and XBS60329 presented lower averages for yield and lower percentage of panicle. Hybrids 866041 and 866042 show a higher total dry matter production, with values around 20,000 kg/ha.

[Schistosomiasis control in the State of São Paulo].

Science.gov (United States)

Glasser, C M

1995-01-01

The program of schistosomiasis control for the State of São Paulo, where only low endemicity areas occur, is discussed in this paper. Inclusion of schistosomiasis among the diseases due to obligatory notification is considered as a measure of great importance. Accordingly the search for passive cases conducted by the public health system acquired major importance in the disease surveillance. As from 1981 to 1992 only 11% of the detected cases were considered as autochthonous. The main transmission areas are located at the Litoral and Paraiba Valley regions. In the period of time under analysis, the epidemiological surveillance data suggest a decrease in the morbidity and in the autochthony tendency in the State of São Paulo.

Efectos del sistema de conservación sobre la fertilidad de oocitos de yamú (Brycon amazonicus) durante cortos períodos de almacenamiento

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Velasco-Santamaría, Yohana M.; Corredor-Santamaría, Wilson; Cruz-Casallas, Pablo E.

2006-01-01

El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos del sistema de conservación sobre la fertilidad de oocitos de yamú (Brycon amazonicus) durante cortos períodos de almacenamiento. Se utilizaron hembras y machos adultos tratados con extracto de hipófisis de carpa para estimular la ovulación y aumentar el volumen...... larvas. Bajo los tres sistemas de conservación, DO aumentó con el tiempo, siendo mayor (pmayores DO fueron observados en oocitos conservados a T°R (p

Correlación entre la fertilidad y el pH uterino de vacas Holstein suplementadas con levadura de cerveza

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Lina María Barrera-Sánchez

2011-11-01

Full Text Available En  la  región del Sugamuxi  se ha establecido  la levadura de cerveza (Saccharomyces cerevisiae como  suplemento  en  ganaderías  lecheras  por producir  aumento  de  la  producción  láctea.  El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios de pH uterino en fase estral y fase luteal de vacas Holstein suplementadas correlacionándolos con la  fertilidad. Así  se  evaluaron dos grupos: uno suplementado  (n=50  y  otro no suplementado (n=50. Se extrajeron muestras de moco uterino y se midió el pH con un pH-metro para  las dos fases del ciclo estral. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron mediante la prueba t- student para las variables de pH  y  correlación de Pearson, para relacionar  el  pH  y  fertilidad  de  las  vacas suplementadas. Se determinó que el hecho de no encontrar diferencias significativas (plevadura de cerveza no  interfiere con el pH uterino en esta fase y, por lo tanto, tampoco interfiere en el  transporte  espermático,  la  capacidad  de desarrollo  y  fertilización  del  oocito. Además, según  los  resultados de este  trabajo,  se  logró  inferir que a pesar de la variación encontrada en el pH luteal de  las vacas suplementadas y el de vacas no suplementadas, no se altera el porcentaje de preñez  entre  los grupos; pero el hecho de que vacas  no  suplementadas  con pH  luteal <  6.0 consiguieran la gestación, hace pensar que  los pH ácidos en esta  fase pueden ser compatibles con la supervivencia del embrión.

Estoque e frações de carbono orgânico e fertilidade de solo sob floresta, agricultura e pecuária

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Marihus Altoé Baldotto

2015-06-01

Full Text Available O entendimento dos fenômenos de trocas de carbono entre solo, água e atmosfera é fundamental para o manejo e a conservação de ecossistemas naturais e agrários. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar os estoques de carbono orgânico, as suas frações e a fertilidade do solo sob os manejos florestal (mata remanescente, integrando agricultura e florestas (eucalipto e cutieira e em monoculturas agrícola (sob pivô central e pastoril (braquiária, na Bacia do Rio Paraopeba, em Florestal-MG, visando a propor indicadores para a avaliação de manejo e conservação do solo. As amostras de solo foram coletadas em remanescente de mata nativa (Mata, em área agrícola cultivada sob irrigação de pivô central (Pivô e em áreas de cultivo de Corymbia citriodora (Corymbia citriodora (Hook. K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson (Eucalipto, Joannesia princeps Vell. (Cutieira e Brachiaria decumbens Stapf (Pasto, nas profundidades de 0 a 20 e 20 a 40 cm. Os resultados indicaram que as estimativas dos estoques e de estabilidade do carbono orgânico aumentaram com a fertilidade do solo. Os sistemas florestais, principalmente a Mata, acompanhada pelos sistemas de manejo do solo integrando florestas à pastagem, em comparação com o cultivo contínuo ou a monocultura de pastagem, apresentaram estoques de carbono maiores, mais estáveis e menos solúveis, com formas mais aromáticas e hidrofóbicas (maior relação AH/AF, indicando menor potencial de lixiviação de carbono para o sistema aquático adjacente.

El extracto etanólico de las flores de Laccopetalum giganteum (pacra-pacra aumenta la fertilidad en ratas

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Jorge Arroyo

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar si la administración por vía oral del extracto etanólico de flores de Laccopetalum giganteum (Pacra-pacra en ratas normales aumenta la fertilidad. Diseño: Estudio experimental. Lugar: Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Material biológico: Ratas. Intervenciones: Cuarentiocho animales fueron divididos aleatoriamente en 2 grandes grupos, de 24 cada uno. El primero fue control, con solución salina fisiológica (SSF 5 mL/kg y el segundo con extracto vía oral, 300 mg/kg, durante 15 días. Cada grupo consideró 6 hembras y 6 machos juntos, y 6 hembras y 6 machos separados. Los animales que estuvieron juntos fueron sacrificados, para observar la presencia de fetos en el útero; y a los animales que estuvieron separados, se les extrajo muestra de sangre, para conocer el nivel de testosterona en machos y LH, FSH, estrógenos y progesterona en hembras, expresándose en µg/dL; el dosaje hormonal se realizó por el método de electroquimioluminiscencia. Asimismo, se determinó GOT, GPT, urea y creatinina, según las técnicas utilizadas en el laboratorio clínico. Principales medidas de resultados: Gravidez, FSH, LH, estrógenos y progesterona en ratas hembras; testosterona en ratas machos. Resultados: Los flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos y taninos estuvieron en mayor cantidad en el extracto etanólico. El 100% de ratas que recibió el extracto etanólico de la planta y estuvo junto a los machos resultó grávida; y, las separadas que recibieron el mismo extracto, presentaron incremento de FSH en las hembras y testosterona en los machos, comparativamente a los controles respectivos. Los niveles de GOT, GPT, urea y creatinina se encontraron dentro de los límites aceptados. Conclusiones: En condiciones experimentales, el extracto etanólico de las flores de Laccopetalum giganteum (pacra-pacra incrementó la fertilidad en ratas normales.

Soil fertility and 137 Cs redistribution as related to land use, landscape and texture in a watershed of Paraiba State

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, Antonio Clementino dos

2004-03-01

Intensive land use and growing deforestation of the natural vegetation in Northeastern Brazil have contributed to the degradation of resources, particularly the decrease of soil fertility. As a result, biodiversity and ecosystem capacity to restore its resources after disturbances have been diminished. The decrease in soil fertility is more substantial in areas dominated by an undulating topography. In these areas, erosion is intensified when crops or pasture replaces natural vegetation. Even though degradation processes are reflected in environmental, social, and economical changes, there is a lack of information regarding the interrelationship between these changes and soil fertility and erosion. Thus, the 'Vaca Brava' watershed (14,04 km 2 ), located in the 'Agreste' region of Paraiba State, was selected to study the interrelationships between land use, landscape, particle size distribution, soil fertility and erosion using 137 Cs redistribution. Small farms, where subsistence agriculture is intensive, are common in this watershed, as well as areas for environmental protection. A georreferenced survey of the watershed topography was initially carried out. Based on the survey data, the watershed was digitalized using a scale of 1:5000, and a 3-D map was created. Each landform element had its area determined on a area (absolute value) and percentage (relative value) basis. Shoulder, backslope and footslope positions represented 83% of the cultivated area in the watershed. A data base of 360 georreferenced soil samples (0-20 cm), collected using a stratified sampling scheme, was further created. Sites were stratified based on their landscape position (summit, shoulder, backslope, footslope, and toeslope) in factorial combination with land use (annual crops, pasture, Pennisetum purpureum, Mimosa caesalpiniae folia, bush fallow, and native forest). Physical analyses of the soil samples included particle size distribution and bulk density, whereas soil chemical

Pérdida de la fertilidad del suelo por erosión hídrica en la cuenca propia del lago de Chapala, Michoacán.

OpenAIRE

Avila Victor, Consuelo Margarita

2014-01-01

La cuenca del lago de Chapala contiene el cuerpo de agua dulce más grande de México, que en los últimos veinte años, ha sufrido un extensivo cambio de uso de suelo, provocando la aceleración de procesos erosivos que coadyuvan, por una parte, en la pérdida de fertilidad de sus suelos y por otra, al acelerado proceso de azolvamiento del vaso del lago por acumulación de sedimentos. El objetivo del trabajo fue cuantificar la erosión de suelo por factores hídricos en la cuenca propia del lago de C...

Use of multitracers for the study of water mixing in the Paraiba do Sul River estuary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Thaisa Abreu; Godoy, Jose Marcus; Godoy, Maria Luiza D.P.; Moreira, Isabel; Carvalho, Zenildo L.; Salomao, Marcos Sarmet M.B.; Rezende, Carlos E.

2010-01-01

Multitracers were used to study water mixing in the Paraiba do Sul River estuary region in August 2007 (dry season) and March 2008 (rainy season) and to evaluate the reach of the river plume in the direction of the open ocean. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, each in a different season. Based on these results, it was possible to conclude that the multitracers used in this study (salinity, Si, Ba and U, as well as the radium isotopes 223 Ra, 224 Ra, 226 Ra and 228 Ra) presented satisfactory results toward defining the plume reach and determining the residence time and water-mixing processes in the estuary. A strong correlation was observed between tracers and the distance to the coast. During the low river water discharge period, the riverine water took about 10 days to reach open ocean waters (salinity ∼ 35). During the rainy period this value decreased to 6 days. Based on the radium results, it was possible to calculate diffusion coefficients (K h ) of 23 km 2 d -1 and 38 km 2 d -1 for 224 Ra and 223 Ra, respectively, during the dry season (winter). Values of 65 km 2 d -1 and 68 km 2 d -1 for 223 Ra and 224 Ra, respectively, were found for the rainy period (summer).

The tectono-magmatic evolution of the occidental terrane and the Paraiba do Sul Klippe within the Neoproterozoic Ribeira orogenic Belt, Southeastern Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valladares, Claudia Sayao; Duarte, Beatriz Paschoal; Heilbron, Monica; Ragatky, Diana

2000-01-01

The occidental Terrane is envisaged as the eastern/southeastern reworked margin of the Sao Francisco/Rio de la Plata plate associated with and E-trending subduction under the Congo plate. The Paraiba do Sul Klippe is part of the Oriental Terrane, envisaged as a portion of the Congo plate. A collisional-stage resulted in intense westward deformation of the Occidental Terrane under intermediate pressure metamorphism (syn-D1+D2 events). A late-collisional stage resulted in subvertical folding and steep shear zones (D3 event). Both stages were associated with voluminous crustal-derived granites. U-Pb and Sm-Nd geochronology as well as geochemical and structural data point to three magmatic episodes: a syn-collisional stage 1; a syn-collisional stage 2; and a late-collisional stage. This paper presents a magmatic evolutionary model for this crustal segment of the Ribeira orogenic belt based on new geological data of Brasiliano granites and data available in the literature. (author)

Tamanho da subamostra e representatividade da fertilidade do solo no sistema plantio direto Subsample size and soil fertility representativity in the no tillage system

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Jairo André Schlindwein

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Os corretivos e fertilizantes, quando aplicados de forma localizada, mantêm-se ao longo das linhas de cultivo no sistema plantio direto. Isto se reflete no aumento da variabilidade horizontal dos atributos químicos do solo, causando dificuldades para a coleta de amostras representativas do seu estado de fertilidade. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em dois estudos, em solos cultivados no sistema plantio direto. O primeiro foi com objetivo de relacionar o tamanho da amostra e a variabilidade de fósforo e potássio disponíveis. Para isto, amostrou-se o solo de um experimento e de uma lavoura, em diferentes tamanhos de subamostras e camadas, em Latossolo Vermelho com adubação a lanço. O segundo estudo foi conduzido para testar a eficiência de equipamentos de amostragem com diferentes tamanhos, através da variabilidade dos atributos de fertilidade do solo e o seu efeito no número de subamostras para compor uma amostra composta, dentro de determinados limites de precisão. Para isto, amostraram-se duas lavouras em Latossolo Vermelho, na profundidade de 0-10cm, com trado de rosca e pá de corte; esta no tamanho de 5/10cm (espessura/largura na lavoura de adubação a lanço e 5cm pela largura da entrelinha na lavoura de adubação em linha. As amostras retiradas com trado de rosca apresentaram menores teores de matéria orgânica e potássio disponível na lavoura de adubação em linha e de fósforo disponível em ambos os modos de adubação. Nesta situação, também ocorreu maior variabilidade e, consequentemente, necessidade de coletar um maior número de subamostras para representar o estado de fertilidade no sistema plantio direto. Amostras com 5/10cm (espessura/largura, foram eficientes para representar o estado de fertilidade do solo com adubação a lanço no sistema plantio direto.Fertilizers and lime, when applieds on surface to soil or along crop rows in the no tillage system, increase its residual effect. This results in an

Study of rare earth elements, uranium and thorium migration in rocks from Espinharas uranium deposit, Paraiba - Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conceicao, Cirilo C.S.

2009-01-01

The determination of rare earth elements as natural analogue in patterns geologic has grown as a tool for predicting the long-term safety of nuclear disposal in geological formation. Migration of natural radionuclides is one of the most serious problems in the waste deposit from nuclear fuel cycle. Rare earth elements show the same kinetic behavior in rocks as natural radionuclides. This similar property of the analogues allows perform studies and models on the subject of radionuclides migration. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of rare earth elements in rocks located at Espinharas - Paraiba - Brazil, uranium deposit. In this work are presented the results from the study above the distribution of rare earth elements in function of the degree of mineralized rocks, composition and the conditions of radioactive equilibrium of the uranium and thorium in some fractures on the rocks from radioactive occurrence of Espinharas-Brazil. The results show that there is a correlation of heavy rare earth elements, uranium and Thorium concentrations to oxidation factor of the rocks. However this correlation was not observed for light rare earth elements. It means that heavy rare earth elements follow the natural radionuclides in oxidation process of rocks. The samples were analyzed by ICP-MS, alpha and gamma spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and fluorimetry. (author)

Crescimento inicial de Dimorphandra wilsonii (Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae em diferentes condições de fertilidade em solo de cerrado Early development of Dimorphandra wilsonii (Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae in Cerrado under different soil fertility conditions

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Márcia Bacelar Fonseca

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizz. é uma espécie arbórea criticamente ameaçada de extinção. Foi descrita para áreas de maior fertilidade no Domínio do cerrado; entretanto, atualmente ocorre em áreas isoladas e de baixa fertilidade natural. Com o objetivo de avaliar a adaptação desta espécie a condições de oligotrofia, plantas foram cultivadas em casa de vegetação em solo destas áreas oligotróficas, mas com diferentes níveis de fertilidade. A partir da análise de fertilidade do solo foram definidas as doses de macronutrientes (NPK e a dose de calcário a serem utilizadas nos tratamentos que se constituíram de dois níveis de calagem e três níveis de adubação. Após 220 dias do plantio, os tratamentos que aumentaram significativamente o crescimento foram aqueles que receberam adubação com a dose indicada de NPK em solo não corrigido pela calagem e aquele que teve o solo calado e adubado com duas vezes a dose indicada de NPK. A calagem por si só não promoveu maior crescimento, mas propiciou respostas crescentes de crescimento a níveis crescentes de disponibilidade de nutrientes. Foram encontrados nódulos radiculares em todos os tratamentos, e os resultados permitiram concluir que a espécie apresenta requerimento nutricional coerente com sua área de origem no Domínio do Cerrado. Também foi possível ressaltar a fixação biológica de nitrogênio, incomum em Caesalpinioideae, como estratégia adaptativa para crescimento em áreas com baixa oferta de nutrientes.Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizz. is a critically endangered tree species. It has been described for sites of higher soil fertility in the Cerrado Domain. However, it occurs nowadays in isolated areas of low natural fertility. To study species adaptation to oligotrophic conditions, plants were grown in a greenhouse in soils from oligotrophic sites but with different levels of fertility. After soil fertility analysis, the macronutrients (NPK and lime doses to be used in

Use of multitracers for the study of water mixing in the Paraiba do Sul River estuary

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Thaisa Abreu, E-mail: abreu.thaisa@gmail.co [Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Godoy, Jose Marcus [Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria IRD/CNEN, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Godoy, Maria Luiza D.P. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria IRD/CNEN, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Moreira, Isabel [Departamento de Quimica, Pontificia Universidade Catolica, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Carvalho, Zenildo L. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria IRD/CNEN, 22780-160 Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Salomao, Marcos Sarmet M.B.; Rezende, Carlos E. [Centro de Biociencias e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, 28013-600 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ (Brazil)

2010-07-15

Multitracers were used to study water mixing in the Paraiba do Sul River estuary region in August 2007 (dry season) and March 2008 (rainy season) and to evaluate the reach of the river plume in the direction of the open ocean. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, each in a different season. Based on these results, it was possible to conclude that the multitracers used in this study (salinity, Si, Ba and U, as well as the radium isotopes {sup 223}Ra, {sup 224}Ra, {sup 226}Ra and {sup 228}Ra) presented satisfactory results toward defining the plume reach and determining the residence time and water-mixing processes in the estuary. A strong correlation was observed between tracers and the distance to the coast. During the low river water discharge period, the riverine water took about 10 days to reach open ocean waters (salinity {approx} 35). During the rainy period this value decreased to 6 days. Based on the radium results, it was possible to calculate diffusion coefficients (K{sub h}) of 23 km{sup 2} d{sup -1} and 38 km{sup 2} d{sup -1} for {sup 224}Ra and {sup 223}Ra, respectively, during the dry season (winter). Values of 65 km{sup 2} d{sup -1} and 68 km{sup 2} d{sup -1} for {sup 223}Ra and {sup 224}Ra, respectively, were found for the rainy period (summer).

Plan de experimentación sobre fertilizantes para maíz, trigo y papa y reconocimiento de la fertilidad de los principales suelos de cultivo en el país.

OpenAIRE

Yepes Y., Emilio

2012-01-01

Los adelantos de lo agricultura moderno, son el fruto de largo, metódico y constante investigación. Los resultados de ésto, han permitido o países de cultura avanzado como los Estados Unidos, Inglaterra y otros nociones europeos, incrementar en formo asombroso los rendimientos de los cultivos, sin aumentar lo superficie de los tierras de labor. Nadie niego hoy en Colombia la necesidad de conservar la fertilidad de los suelos, mediante lo aplicación de los nutrientes vegetales que h...

Intervalo de partos e fertilidade real em vacas Nelore no Estado do Maranhão Calving interval and real fertility of Nellore cows in State of Maranhão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudio Cabral Campello

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Os efeitos de fatores genéticos e de ambiente sobre características reprodutivas, a partir de 475 observações de intervalos de partos (IDP e 401 de fertilidade real (FR de vacas da raça Nelore, criadas no município de Santa Inês, Estado do Maranhão, em regime de pasto com suplementação na estação seca, no período de 1980 a 1994, foram estudados. Os dados foram analisados por intermédio de modelos lineares, que incluíram efeito de touro (aleatório, mês e ano do parto anterior e atual, ordem de parição e sexo da cria (fixos. O pai da vaca e a ordem de parição influenciaram significativamente ambas as características estudadas, enquanto o sexo da cria influiu apenas na FR. As médias estimada pelo método dos quadrados mínimos, para IDP e FR, foram 433,84 ± 88,20 dias e 184,69 ± 37,09 kg, respectivamente. Os coeficientes de herdabilidade estimados pela correlação intraclasse entre meio-irmãs paternas foram estimados em 0,32 ± 0,15 e 0,49 ± 0,19, respectivamente, para IDP e FR.The effects of genetic and environmental factors on reproductive traits, from 475 records of calving interval (CI and 401 of real fertility (RF of Nellore cows reared at Santa Inês county, Maranhão State, in pasture grazing system with supplementation in the dry season, from 1980 to 1994, were studied. The data were analyzed by means of linear models, which included the sire effect (random effects, month and year of the last and the actual calving, calving number and sex of calf (fixed effects. The sire effect and calving number significantly affected both studied traits, while calf sex affected only the RF. The calving interval and R F by least square means were: 433.84 ± 88.20 days and 184.69 ± 37.09 kg, respectively. The heritability coefficients estimated by intraclass correlation of paternal half-sisters were .32 ± .15 and .49 ± .19, for CI. and RF. respectively.

EFECTO DE DIETAS EN ADULTOS DE Spodoptera cosmioides (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE SOBRE LA FERTILIDAD, FECUNDIDAD Y LONGEVIDAD DEL ADULTO

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M. C. CURIS

2017-12-01

Full Text Available La aparición de cultivares de soja Bt + RR2Y determinó la emergencia de una nueva plaga, Spodoptera cosmioides, una plaga altamente polífaga de amplia distribución. La cría de insectos en cámaras de cría es necesaria para estudios de investigación básica y aplicada. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de tres dietas ricas en carbohidratos (solución de miel, de jarabe de glucosa y de jarabe de maíz en la alimentación de los adultos y determinar su efecto sobre la fecundidad, fertilidad y supervivencia de S. cosmioides. Se determinó que, si bien no se hallaron diferencias entre los tratamientos, la composición de los  azúcares de las dietas, puede afectar los parámetros reproductivos de esta plaga, ya que las hembras alimentadas con solución de miel natural, más rica en compuestos orgánicos, aumentaron la fecundidad, refl ejado en una mayor puesta y eclosión de huevos y la longevidad de los adultos.

Termorregulação e desempenho de tourinhos Sindi e Guzerá, no agreste paraibano Thermoregulation and performance of Sind and Guzera young bulls in 'Agreste' region of Paraiba state

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Dermeval A. Furtado

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar os índices bioclimáticos que influenciam as varáveis fisiológicas, desempenho e consumo de nutrientes de tourinhos das raças Gir e Guzerá. O estudo foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Alagoinha/EMEPA-PB, no município de Alagoinha, no agreste paraibano, Brasil, utilizando-se 16 tourinhos das raças Sindi e Guzerá (8 animais de cada raça, com média de 31,5 ± 1,5 meses de idade, mantidos confinados. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com 8 repetições, em parcelas subdivididas, com raça na parcela principal e horários (6, 12 e 16 h na subparcela. A temperatura retal, frequência respiratória e temperatura superficial dos animais se mantiveram dentro da faixa considerada normal para a espécie bovina. Não houve influência negativa no consumo de nutrientes e os animais tiveram um desempenho em ganho de peso acima do esperado, demonstrando que estão adaptados às condições de Nordeste brasileiro, já que não houve alterações em seus parâmetros fisiológicos, considerados dentro da faixa normal e ainda apresentaram excelente desempenho produtivo e de consumo de nutrientes.The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioclimatic indices that influence physiological variables, performance and nutrient intake by Gir and Guzera young bulls. The work was conducted at the Experimental Station of Alagoinha/EMEPA-PB in Alagoinha town in 'Agreste' region of Paraiba state, Brazil, using 16 young bulls of Sind and Guzera breeds (8 animals of each breed, with a mean 31.5 ± 1.5 months of age, kept under confined conditions. The statistical design used was randomized blocks with eight replications in split plot with breed in the main plot and time (6, 12 and 16 h as subplots. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate and surface temperature of the animals remained within the normal range for the bovine species. There was no negative influence on food

FLORA VASCULAR DE UMA ÁREA DE CAATINGA NO ESTADO DA PARAÍBA - NORDESTE DO BRASIL

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ANTÔNIO CÁSSIO JUSTINO DOS SANTOS

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The caatinga biome covers around 70% of the North-Eastern territory and nevertheless the studies carried out about its natural riches are still insufficient especially tackling the floristics diversity of the biome as a whole, particularly in the state of Paraiba. For this reason the current study aimed to carry out the floristics survey of an area of caatinga in the municipality of Boqueirão, Paraiba State. In the area of study, it was registered 47 species distributed in 39 genera and 20 families of flowering plants. The families that stood out in number of species were: Fabaceae, with 12 species; Cactaceae, with five; Euphorbiaceae and Malvaceae, with four species each one and Convolvulaceae with three species, while the other families (15 showed one to two species each one. The woody component dominated over the shrubby, herbaceous, subshrubby and the woody vines components of the area studied. Based on the data obtained in this study, it was possible to correlate the taxa shown with the flora of different areas of caatinga, especially in the Northeast region, showing up the priority of carrying out floristics studies including other areas of the caatinga of Paraiba as well as of different states of the Brazilian Northeastern.

Occurrence of new species of mealybug on cotton fields in the states of Bahia and Paraíba, Brazil

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Carlos Alberto Domingues da Silva

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae has been reported occurring in several countries causing severe losses in economically important crops, including cotton. Based on information reported by farmers in the regions of the Southwest and Middle São Francisco, Bahia and also in the regions of the Agreste and Semi-arid of the Paraiba State, high infestations of cotton mealybugs have occurred in these regions during the cotton season of 2007 and 2008. The cotton mealybug was identified as P. solenopsis and this represents the first record of this insect attacking cotton in Brazil.

History of mesquite introduction in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil

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João Paulo Silva dos Santos

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Sw DC was established as a successful action of xerophilous introduction in Brazilian Northeast dry region. Its fruits are used in animal feed and the wood may be used as piles, firewood and charcoal. The species was introduced in 1942, spreading in "low areas" in Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Bahia and Piauí States. This article aims to elucidate how mesquite was introduced in Rio Grande do Norte State and to understand how it was spread. It was first introduced in Rio Grande do Norte State by the introduction experiments installed at São Miguel farm in the municipality of Angicos. The enthusiasm of technicians and researchers promoted the distribution of pods and seedlings on farms and cities in the state. In addition, there were government incentives to production, distribution and planting the species. This work aims to establish considerations to be used as historical basis on studies about this species and to consider aspects regarding current situation of this culture in Brazilian Northeast.

Radium isotopes as a tool for the study of water mixing in the Paraiba do Sul River Estuary

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Souza, Thaisa Abreu de; Moreira, Isabel M.N.S.; Rezende, Carlos E. de

2008-01-01

Four isotopes of radium with different half-lives exist in nature. In aquatic systems, radium isotopes present distinct characteristics in salt water and fresh water environments. In fresh waters, radium appears adsorbed to particulate material while in sea water radium presents a conservative behavior, being the concentration of different isotopes of radium governed by the processes of dilution, advection and diffusion, as well as radioactive decay. The four natural isotopes of radium are tracers extensively used to determine ratios of water mixture and to calculate the period since the radium was added to the water column. The short-lived isotopes, 223 Ra (half-life = 11.4 days) and 224 Ra (half-life = 3.66 days), are continually regenerated from decay of their thorium parents, which are perpetually bound to particles surfaces. On the other hand, the long-lived isotopes, 226 Ra (half-life = 1600 yrs) and 228 Ra (half-life = 5.7 yrs), require considerable time for regeneration. These fluxes must be sustained by input water from rivers, sediments, SGD, or other sources. In the present work, developed at the estuary of the Paraiba do Sul River, the short half-lived radium isotopes ( 224 Ra and 223 Ra) were determined using the technique of coincidence delayed developed. The isotopes of long half-lifed ( 22 26Ra and 22 28Ra) were determined by the technique of total alpha and beta counting, after the dissolution of the MnO 2 fiber used to pre-concentrate radium. (author)

Mineral composition of pastures and mineral deficiencies in cattle of some properties in Middle Paraiba, RJ, Brazil

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Ana Paula Lopes Marques

2014-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Marques A.P.L., Botteon R.C.C.M., Amorim E.B., Botteon P.T.L &Zonta E. [Mineral composition of pastures and mineral deficiencies in cattle of some properties in Middle Paraiba, RJ, Brazil.] Composição mineral das pastagens e deficiências minerais dos bovinos em algumas propriedades da região do Médio Paraíba, RJ, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 36(1:71-78, 2014. Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ 23851-900, Brasil. E-mail: marquesapl@ufrrj.br We studied levels and nutrient availability in the soil and grazing of cattle in Middle Paraíba, RJ, Brazil in the early dry season (May-June and rainy (November-December in seven cattle herds with a history of clinical deficiencies of Na, Cu, Co and P, identified through visits to farmers. The mineral contents in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and values obtained were compared with clinical signs found. Low values of P and Na were confirmed and although the lack of Ca and Mg is uncommon, some samples showed low rates. We found high values of Fe with possible interference in the absorption of Cu, the main clinical deficiency identified in the region, and high values of Al, Zn and Mn. The results indicate that most mineral deficiencies diagnosed in those herds is due to antagonistic effects of minerals that are not deficient.

Water and energy balance in the cultivated and bake soil in a montane area in Paraiba, Brazil

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Lima, Jose Romualdo de Sousa

2004-02-01

In the areas of rain fed agriculture it is very important to quantify losses of water by evapotranspiration and soil evaporation. The methods used for measuring evapotranspiration and/or evaporation varies from direct measurements techniques, using lysimeters, to measurements of the water and energy balances. The precision lysimeters have high cost, being only used for research purposes. The water and energy balances methods have been very used due the simplicity, robustness and lower cost. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the water and energy balance components in the soil cultivated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) and without vegetation, besides comparing the methods used to determine the cowpea evapotranspiration. Two experiments (2002 and 2003) were performed in the 4 ha area of the Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, UFPB, municipality of Areia, Paraiba State (6 deg C 58 S, 5 deg C 41 W). To determine the energy balance, the area was instrumented with a rain gauge, a pyrano meter, a net radiometer, and sensors for measuring air temperature and humidity, and wind speed in two levels. Two locals, in the soil, were instrumented with two temperature sensors located at 2.0 cm and 8.0 cm below soil surface and one heat flux plate placed at 5.0 cm below soil surface. The measurements were recorded every 30 minutes on a data logger. To determine the water balance, three plots were installed, composed one-meter access tube for neutron probe measurements, and 8 tensiometers. The results show very good correlation between the aerodynamic method and the Bowen ration energy balance method, for all atmospherics and soil water conditions. For the two years, in average 72% of the net radiation was used by crop evapotranspiration. The energy and water balance can be used, the determine the crop evapotranspiration and soil evaporation, and regardless of the method used, the major water use by crop occurred in the reproductive stage. In the year of 2002

Níveis de fertilidade dos solos do estado de São Paulo para a cultura algodoeira. I- Os teores de fósforo, nitrogênio e potássio Levels of soil fertility for cotton crops

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F. da Costa Verdade

1965-01-01

Full Text Available Durante os anos de 1957 a 1960, instalaram-se cêrca de 400 experiências de adubação para algodoeiro, nas principais zonas de exploração dessa malvácea no Estado de São Paulo. Dessas experiêncis, por diversas causas, só foram aproveitadas 216 para os estudos de fertilidade. Os resultados indicaram maior reação para o fósforo, pequena para o nitrogênio e raramente para o potássio. Estudando-se os teores de fósforo solúvel em H2SO4 0,05 N, foi possível diferenciar dois tipos de reação, um para solos arenosos e outros para argilosos, e estabelecer os respectivos níveis de fertilidade. Foram estabelecidos níveis, apenas preliminares, de reação ao nitrogênio, em virtude do pequeno número de experimentos com resposta significativa a esse elemento. Dado o pequeno número de experiências com reação ao potássio, nenhuma indicação se conseguiu sôbre os níveis de fertilidade para êsse elemento. Verificou-se relação entre o pH do solo e a reação à adubação fosfatada, diminuindo a ação desta com a elevação do pH. As experiências encontradas na literatura, abrangendo os mesmos solos e utilizando os mesmos extratores, permitiram confirmar os níveis de fertilidade preconizados para as condições do Estado de São Paulo.During the years of 1957 through 1960. about 400 experiments for cotton fertilizing were installed in the main districts of exploitation of this malvacea. For some reason or another, only 216 out of these experiments were used for the studies about fertility. The results obtained from the fertilization indicate that the major reaction is for the element phosphorus, in a small scale for the nitrogen and, for potassium, in less than 5% of the whole of the experiments. When studying the contents of phosphorus soluble in H2SO4 0.05 N, it was possible to differentiate two types of rection: one for sandy soils and the other for the clay soils, thus establishing the respective levels of fertility. Another

Granite-types in Northeast Brazil: current knowledge

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Sial, A.N.

1986-01-01

Several granitoids in Northeast Brazil, located within the Cachoeirinha-Salgueiro foldbelt (CSF), Pernambuco and Paraiba States, Brzil, were analysed, studying the geochemistry of rare earths and the behavior of oxygen isotopes. (M.C.K.) [pt

The lunar-tide cycle viewed by crustacean and mollusc gatherers in the State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil and their influence in collection attitudes

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Alves Rômulo RN

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Traditional human communities have a wide knowledge of their environment. Collection of animals in estuarine and coastal areas are directly influenced by tidal cycles. The aim of this study is to evaluate the understanding of the tides associated with the lunar cycle held by people who gather crustaceans and molluscs in the State of Paraiba. The empirical knowledge of 20 crab gatherers and 30 mollusc gatherers was recorded through open interviews and structured questionnaires. The results showed that the gatherers have an accurate comprehension of tidal phenomenon based on their exploitation of natural resources, which perpetuates through generations.

Biologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Spodoptera eridania (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae em morangueiro e videira

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Lígia Caroline Bortoli

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A biologia de Spodoptera eridania foi estudada em laboratório (22±1ºC, UR 70±10%, fotofase de 14 horas, em folhas de morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa cv. 'Aromas' e videira (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. A duração e a viabilidade do ciclo total foram, respectivamente, de 52,2±1,32 dias e 37,6% para morangueiro e 42,2±0,45 dias e 25,5% para videira. A razão sexual em morangueiro foi de 0,58, e 0,48 em videira. A longevidade média de machos e fêmeas em morangueiro foi de 16,3±1,16 e 15,8±1,85 dias, respectivamente, e 5,6±0,88 e 7,3±0,83 dias em videira. A fecundidade média total foi de 1.747,5±187,32 ovos por fêmea em morangueiro, e 1.764,9±289,04 em videira. A tabela de vida de fertilidade mostrou que a taxa líquida de reprodução e a razão finita de aumento foram de 394,89 e 1,10, respectivamente, para morangueiro, e de 213,98 e 1,12 para videira. As culturas do morangueiro cv. 'Aromas' e da videira cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' são hospedeiras favoráveis e equivalentes quanto ao potencial de crescimento populacional de S. eridania.

Estoque de serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens após implantação de leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras

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André Barbosa Silva

2013-04-01

Full Text Available As pastagens formam a base da pecuária brasileira; essas sofrem degradação em larga escala por deficiência de nitrogênio (N. O consórcio com leguminosas, além de fixar N, pode apresentar outros efeitos na fertilidade do solo como acidificação ou retirada de nutrientes de camadas mais profundas para as mais superficiais. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o estoque de serapilheira e a fertilidade do solo em pastagens degradadas de braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens, após implantar leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras. Para isso, uma amostragem foi realizada em março de 2010 em um experimento no campo, introduzindo pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens, em julho de 2008, com sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, leucena (Leucaena leucocephala, mororó (Bauhinia cheilantha e gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium, além de braquiária adubada e não adubada com N. As amostras de solo e serapilheira foram coletadas aos 0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade, em três transectos, alternando pontos cobertos por gramíneas e leguminosas, totalizando sete amostras compostas por parcela para determinar pH, P, K, Ca, Mg e Al no solo, enquanto SB, t e m foram calculados. A serapilheira foi separada visualmente em leguminosas, gramíneas e materiais não identificados, em que foram utilizados para quantificação de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, N, P, C, fibra detergente ácido e lignina. A introdução das leguminosas aumentou os teores de N total na serapilheira e reduziu as relações C:N, com destaque para gliricídia e sabiá; entretanto, essa última apresentou elevados teores de lignina. Houve efeito significativo da cobertura por leguminosas, sem diferenças entre essas, para pH e K, na profundidade de 0-10 cm, e para Al e m, aos 10-20 cm de profundidade.

Accidents caused by Bothrops and Bothropoides in the State of Paraiba: epidemiological and clinical aspects.

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Oliveira, Fagner Neves; Brito, Monalisa Taveira; Morais, Isabel Cristina Oliveira de; Fook, Sayonara Maria Lia; Albuquerque, Helder Neves de

2010-01-01

Bothrops and Bothropoides snakes cause 70% of the ophidic accidents in Brazil. The species that cause ophidic accidents in State of Paraíba are Bothropoides erythromelas, Bothrops leucurus and Bothropoides neuwiedi. This is a prospective and transverse study, following a quantitative approach of accidents involving Bothrops and Bothropoides admitted to the Toxicological Assistance and Information Centers of Campina Grande and João Pessoa (Ceatox-CG and Ceatox-JP), aimed at identifying the epidemiological and clinical profile of such accidents. All of the patients admitted had medical diagnoses and were monitored at Ceatox-CG or Ceatox-JP. The genera Bothrops and Bothropoides caused 91.7% of the ophidic accidents reported. Snake bites were frequent in men (75.1%), rural workers (65.1%), literate individuals (69%) between 11 and 20 years-old (21.7%), and toes the most common area attacked (52.7%). Most (86.6%) patients were admitted within 6 hours after the accident/bite, with a predominance of mild cases (64.6%). The annual occurrence in Paraíba was 5.5 accidents/100,000 inhabitants and lethality was 0.2%. Positive changes in the profiles of these accidents were verified, such as the non-application of inadequate solutions, including the use of tourniquet, coffee grounds, garlic, suction and/or cutting the bitten area. Moreover, the Itinerant Laboratory project, linked to Paraíba State University in partnership with Ceatox-CG, has contributed positively, providing several cities of the state with information regarding the prevention of accidents involving venomous animals. The local press has also contributed, reporting the educational work developed by the centers.

Tylopilus aquarius, comb. et stat. nov., and its new variety from Brazil

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Anderlechi Barbosa-Silva; Clark L. Ovrebo; Beatriz Ortiz-Santana; Mariana C.A. Sá; Marcelo A. Sulzbacher; Melanie Roy; Felipe. Wartchow

2017-01-01

We propose the new species and new combination, Tylopilus aquarius var. aquarius, by elevating T. potamogeton v. aquarius to species level. We also describe a new variety, T. aquarius var. megistus, from the Atlantic Forest states Paraiba and...

Plan de Experimentación sobre Fertilizantes para Maíz, Trigo y Papa y Reconocimiento de la Fertilidad de los Principales Suelos de Cultivo en el País.

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Yepes Y. Emilio

1947-12-01

Full Text Available Los adelantos de lo agricultura moderno, son el fruto de largo, metódico y constante investigación. Los resultados de ésto, han permitido o países de cultura avanzado como los Estados Unidos, Inglaterra y otros nociones europeos, incrementar en formo asombroso los rendimientos de los cultivos, sin aumentar lo superficie de los tierras de labor. Nadie niego hoy en Colombia la necesidad de conservar la fertilidad de los suelos, mediante lo aplicación de los nutrientes vegetales que han sido extraídos del suelo por cultivos anteriores, lavados por los aguas de infiltración, o arrostrados por el proceso de erosión en lo mayoría de nuestros regiones agrícolas.

Efeito das drogas anti-retrovirais sobre as taxas de fertilidade de ratas Wistar Effects of antiretroviral drugs on fertility of Wistar rats

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Ernesto Antonio Figueiró Filho

2002-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar os efeitos de drogas anti-retrovirais isoladas e em associação sobre as taxas de fertilidade em ratas prenhes expostas a estes fármacos, bem como o efeito perinatal nas crias. MÉTODOS: foram utilizadas ratas fêmeas prenhes adultas da raça Wistar, pesando inicialmente entre 200 e 230 g. Foram testadas a azidotimidina (AZT, lamivudina (3TC e nelfinavir (NFV, cujas dosagens foram padronizadas em 10 vezes a dose normalmente utilizada em gestantes, proporcionalmente ao peso dos animais. No total foram avaliados sete grupos, incluindo o controle. O início da experimentação foi o dia zero da prenhez e as cesarianas foram realizadas com 21 dias de prenhez. Para o cálculo das taxas de fertilidade, avaliaram-se o número de fetos vivos e mortos, sítios de implantação e número de corpos lúteos. Utilizaram-se o teste t de Student e Mann-Whitney para a análise estatística. RESULTADOS: não houve alterações significativas nas taxas de perdas pré-implantação e da eficiência de implantação de ratas tratadas com anti-retrovirais isolados e em associação. No entanto, houve aumento significativo nas taxas de perdas pós-implantação (grupo controle: 7,6%; grupos medicamentos: de 20,2 a 26,7%, redução significativa nas taxas de viabilidade fetal (grupo controle: 92,4%; grupos medicamentos: de 73,3 a 79,8% e redução significativa no número de fetos por ninhada (grupo controle: 14,7, grupos medicamentos: de 11,1 a 12,7. Observou-se também que houve redução do peso materno e dos fetos nos grupos tratados com 3TC, AZT + 3TC e AZT + 3TC + NFV. CONCLUSÃO: com a utilização de doses elevadas de medicamentos anti-retrovirais na presente casuística, efeitos importantes sobre a fertilidade foram encontrados, o que sinaliza para a necessidade de se pesquisarem outros fármacos anti-retrovirais com menor potencial histotóxico e que possam, com segurança, ser utilizados por gestantes portadoras da infecção pelo v

Amostragem de solo para estudos de fertilidade Sampling soils for fertility studies

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R. A. Catani

1955-01-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de estabelecer um sistema e técnica mais adequados de se coletar amostras de terra, para fins de estudo de fertilidade. Foram escolhidas duas áreas de solos diferentes. Uma delas com seis hectares, situada na Estação Experimental de Ribeirão Prêto, em solo tipo terra roxa legítima ; a outra com quatro hectares e localizada na Fazenda Santa Maria, em Pindorama, em solo do tipo arenito Bauru. A retirada das amostras de cada área foi feita com tubos especialmente construídos para esse fim e obedeceu ao seguinte critério: 1 30 amostras simples, cobrindo tôda a área ; 2 10 amostras compostas, formadas de cinco amostras simples, cobrindo tôda a área. 3 5 amostras compostas, formadas de 20 amostras simples, cobrindo tôda a área. Nessas amostras foram determinados : pH, carbono total, potássio "trocável" e cálcio "trocável". Diante dos dados obtidos e levando-se em conta o trabalho exigido no laboratório, aconselha-se a retirada de três amostras compostas formadas de 20 simples cada uma, em glebas uniformes, de cinco hectares aproximadamente.The following methods of collecting soil samples for fertility studies were compared : 1 thirty individual samples covering the whole area ; 2 ten composite samples, each consisting of five individual samples, covering the whole area ; 3 five composite samples, each consisting of 20 individual samples, covering the whole area. The three types of samples were collected in each of two plots : 1 a six-hectare plot in the Estação Experimental de Ribeirão Prêto, representing the "terra roxa" soil; 2 a four-hectare plot in the Santa Maria Farm, Pindorama, where the soil is of the "arenito de Bauru" type. The pH, total carbon, and exchangeable potassium and calcium were determined in the samples. Based on data obtained in the present investigation and considering the amount of work involved in the routine laboratory tests, it is suggested that

Solar illumination geometry and its influence on the observance of geological structures in orbital imagery

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Rodrigues, Jose Eduardo; Liu, Chan Chiang

1991-04-01

The geology of the westernmost part of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil) is characterized by the conspicuous presence of the Alem Paraiba lineament, a large shear zone extending more than 200 km in N50-60E direction. Parts of Paraiba do Sul river and of the regional topography are strongly related to this geologic feature. Several other lineament directions complete the structural framework that can be seen on remote sensing products. According to well accepted theories of photointerpretation, LANDSAT images with low sun elevation angles should more clearly show those lineaments, because the shadow enhancement of the relief is greatest. Also, considering the high grade of relief conditionment by the Alem Paraiba lineament, it is expected that this structure could be clearly observed on LANDSAT images of all seasons. However, these hypotheses are not confirmed. The images with low sun elevation angles belong to the epoch (winter) in which the solar azimuths are nearly parallel to the regional structure, making its identification difficult. In summer, the images have high sun elevation angles but their solar azimuths, oblique to the regional structures, allow an adequate identification of the main structural trend.

Topics to study the integrated use of natural gas in the electricity with industrial focus: a methodology for optimizing its use with application in the Vale do Paraiba region (SP-Brazil); Topicos para o estudo da utilizacao integrada do gas natural na eletricidade com enfoque industrial: uma metodologia para otimizacao de seu aproveitamento com aplicacao na regiao do Vale do Paraiba

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Paro, Andre C.; Borelli, Samuel J.S. [PROMON Engenharia SA, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Santos, Edmilson M. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia; Fadigas, Eliane A. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica

2004-07-01

After the recent announcement on the discovery of a large amount of Natural Gas (NG) in the Santos Field by PETROBRAS, use incentive policies for its consumption and consequent growth participation in the national energy matrix gained strength This paper intends to present an efficient use optimization methodology for the NG integrated to Electricity with focus on it's industrial use under the concepts of Integrated Resources Planning (IRP). Thus, the topics about NG utilization in cogeneration plants are analyzed, showing it's utilization on Electric Energy (EE) and Process Heat (Steam) supply. Its contribution to the distributed Electric Energy generation, which brings the installed generation power closer to the consumer centers and mitigates energy transmission losses, are also presented. The IRP concept is applied on the integration between industrial use and other uses of NG and on the detailing of its influence on the electric sector. Finally, a case study is presented, applying the presented methodology for the use of NG in the industry of 'Vale do Paraiba' Region (SP-Brazil), due to its industrial economy condition and easy access to the Brazilian proved reserves geographic condition. (author)

Parâmetros biológicos e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae em morangueiro

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Taciana Melissa de Azevedo Kuhn

2014-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros biológicos e determinar a tabela de vida de fertilidade de Neopamera bilobata (Hemiptera: Rhyparochromidae em morangueiro. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório de Entomologia da Embrapa Uva e Vinho, em Bento Gonçalves, RS, em câmara climatizada (a 23±1°C, 70±10% UR e fotófase de 12 horas. Utilizaram-se folíolos, flores, frutos verdes e maduros de morangueiro 'Aromas' como alimento para os percevejos. O desenvolvimento das fases imaturas e os parâmetros biológicos dos adultos foram monitorados diariamente. O percevejo N. bilobata não completou o ciclo biológico em folíolos e flores de morangueiro. Em frutos maduros e verdes, o tempo de desenvolvimento da ninfa ao adulto foi de 32,8±9,12 e 36,7±6,80 dias, com viabilidade de 27,3 e 51%, respectivamente. O período de oviposição foi de 34,7±21,2 dias, com 319,1±262,7 ovos em frutos maduros, e de 43,9±18,3 dias, com 318,2±144,7 ovos em frutos verdes. Neopamera bilobata completa seu ciclo biológico na cultura do morangueiro. Frutos verdes de morangueiro são mais adequados ao desenvolvimento deste inseto do que frutos maduros.

Silviculture of eucaliptus plantations in the Paraiba do Sul basin, Brazil, and its potential implication on the basin ecohydrology.

Science.gov (United States)

Carriello, Felix; Andres Rodriguez, Daniel; Marques Neves, Otto; Vicens, Raul

2014-05-01

Silviculture of eucaliptus plantations is an important driver of the Mata Atlântica biome conversion into another land use in the Paraíba do Sul basin, in the southeastern of Brazil. This region is located in one of the most developed areas in Brazil, between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, the most important cities in Brazil, linked by Presidente Dutra highway. Between both cities there are another cities that produce a variety of goods - from meat to planes, cars and mobile phones. This area is, at the same time, one the most important hot spot for the Mata Atlântica biome. Here we have a large Mata Atlântica fragment protected by law and others fragments being conversed to pasture, agriculture, silviculture and urban areas. Paraiba do Sul river drains the region and runs into Rio de Janeiro State. The basin is highly anthropized, with multiple approaches of its waters resources. Its waters also serve Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. Because land use and land cover changes impact the water yield in a basin, the study of its dynamic its of great importance for water resources management. We study the land use and land cover change in the region between 1986 and 2010, focusing in the development of silviculture of eucaliptus plantations. We used the HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage) approach that uses the height above the nearest water body, acquired from SRTM Data and transformed into a Terrain Numeric Mode, to classify the landscape into three different ecohydrological environments: floodplain, mountain top and hillslope. This classes were intersected with 1986 and 2010 land use and cover change classification obtained from Landsat imagery. Results show that silviculture has increased in the region from 1986 to 2010. In both years, silviculture areas are mainly located at the hillslope (47%), while floodplain and mountain top share 28 % and 23 % respectively. Available census data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, IBGE, for 1995 and

Teores de As, Pb, Cd e Hg e fertilidade de solos da região do Vale do Alto Guaporé, sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso Contents of As, Pb, Cd e Hg and fertility of soils of Vale do Alto Guapore region, south-west of Mato Grosso state

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Maria Aparecida Pereira Pierangeli

2009-03-01

Full Text Available O diagnóstico da fertilidade e teores de elementos-traço (ETs em solos é importante, pois estes dados são escassos na literatura para áreas de transição Pantanal-Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica. Esse trabalho avaliou diversos parâmetros relacionados à fertilidade, teores biodisponíveis de Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu e B e semitotais de As, Cd, Hg e Pb de solos do Vale do Alto Guaporé, região sudoeste do estado de Mato Grosso. Foram coletadas amostras de solos (0-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m de profundidade em áreas de vegetação nativa (VN, pastagem (AP, cultura anual (CA e garimpo de ouro (G. As amostras foram analisadas conforme métodos de rotina para avaliação da fertilidade do solo e ETs pelo método SW-3051A e os resultados médios comparados com os valores de referência de qualidade (VRQ para solos estipulados pela Companhia de Tecnologia de Saneamento Ambiental (CETESB. Teores mais elevados de As e Hg foram verificados em VN e G com médias, respectivamente, iguais a 43,9 e 101,13 para o As; e 0,12 e 0,14 mg kg-1 para o Hg. Exceto Pb, vários locais de amostragem apresentaram teores dos ETs superiores ao VRQ: 46% em VN; 60% em G; 28% em CA; e 44% em AP, para o As; 20,8; 50; 55; e 22% em VN, G, CA e AP, respectivamente, para o Cd; 75; 65 e 67% das áreas de VN, G e CA e AP, respectivamente, para o Hg. A saturação por bases foi alta (60-80% em 51,5% das amostras, enquanto o P foi baixo em todas áreas. Valores de referência de qualidade de solo para o As e Hg devem ser estipulados para solos dessa região, tendo em vista que os teores observados em áreas nativas foram superiores ao VRQ.The fertility and trace elements diagnosis of soils is important for agricultural and environmental purposes, because there is little data available on the Pantanal-Cerrado-Floresta Amazônica transitional areas. This work evaluated many parameters relative to the fertility, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and B bioavailability, and total content of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in soils of

Soil organic matter and fertility of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio in the Brazilian Amazon basin Matéria orgânica e fertilidade de solos antropogênicos (Terra Preta De Índio da Bacia Amazônica brasileira

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Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Fertility properties, total C (Ctot, and chemical soil organic matter fractions (fulvic acid fraction - FA, humic acid fraction - HA, humin fraction - H of anthropogenic dark earths (Terra Preta de Índio of the Amazon basin were compared with those of Ferralsols with no anthropogenic A horizon. Terra Preta soils had a higher fertility (pH: 5.1-5.4; Sum of bases, SB: 8.93-10.33 cmol c kg-1 , CEC: 17.2-17.5 cmol c kg-1 , V: 51-59 %, P: 116-291 mg kg-1 and Ctot (44.6-44.7 g kg-1 than adjacent Ferralsols (pH: 4.4; SB: 2.04 cmol c kg-1, CEC: 9.5 cmol c kg-1, V: 21 %, P 5 mg kg-1, C: 37.9 g kg-1. The C distribution among humic substance fractions (FA, HA, H in Terra Preta soils was also different, as shown by the ratios HA:FA and EA/H (EA=HA+FA (2.1-3.0 and 1.06-1.08 for Terra Preta and 1.2 and 0.72 for Ferralsols, respectively. While the cation exchange capacity (CEC, of Ferralsols correlated with FA (r = 0.97, the CEC of Terra Preta correlated with H (r = 0.82. The correlation of the fertility of Terra Preta with the highly stable soil organic matter fraction (H is highly significant for the development of sustainable soil fertility management models in tropical ecosystems.Propriedades de fertilidade, carbono total (Ctot e frações químicas da matéria orgânica (fração ácidos fúlvicos - FA, fração ácidos húmicos - HA e fração humina - HUM foram comparados entre solos antrópicos (Terra Preta de Índio e Latossolos sem horizonte A antrópico. Os solos antrópicos apresentaram maior fertilidade (pH: 5,1-5,4; S: 8,93-10,33 cmol c kg-1 ; CEC: 17,2-17,5 cmol c kg-1 ; V: 51-59 %; P: 116-291 mg kg-1 e maiores teores de carbono total (44,6-44,7 g kg-1 que os Latossolos (pH: 4,4; S: 2,04 cmol c kg-1; CEC: 9,5 cmol c kg-1; V: 21 %, P: 5 mg kg-1, Ctot: 37,9 g kg-1. Os solos antrópicos também tiveram distribuição diferenciada de C entre as frações das substâncias húmicas (FA, HÁ e HUM, expressa pelas razões HA:FA e EA:HUM (EA = HA + FA

Avaliação do estado nutricional de agroecossistemas de café orgânico no estado de Minas Gerais Nutritional diagnosis of organic coffee agroecosystems in the Minas Gerais state

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Vanessa Cristina de Almeida Theodoro

2003-12-01

Full Text Available A produção de café orgânico vem se constituindo uma tendência necessária e irreversível do agronegócio brasileiro. Essa atividade tem-se destacado como uma alternativa de renda para alguns cafeicultores, devido à crescente demanda mundial por alimentos mais saudáveis. Entretanto, grande parte das técnicas propostas pela agricultura orgânica está sendo aplicada empiricamente no cultivo de café, principalmente no Estado de Minas Gerais, maior região produtora de café do Brasil. Levando-se em consideração a baixa fertilidade natural dos solos dessa região cafeeira, bem como a elevada extração de nutrientes pelo cafeeiro, objetivou-se neste trabalho identificar possíveis fatores limitantes para a produção orgânica do cafeeiro, relacionados à fertilidade do solo e ao estado nutricional das plantas. Foram realizadas avaliações da fertilidade do solo e análise das folhas em vinte e uma lavouras orgânicas representativas do Estado de Minas Gerais. As amostras de solo foram analisadas para determinação do pH, acidez potencial e dos teores de P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Al e matéria orgânica. As amostras foliares foram analisadas para determinação dos teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. Com base nos padrões de interpretação para cafeeiros convencionais propostos pela literatura, estabeleceram-se as freqüências com que os caracteres analisados foram inferiores aos critérios de interpretação da fertilidade do solo e estado nutricional das plantas. A análise dos dados foi realizada por estatística descritiva. Novos trabalhos nessa nova área são necessários, visando a uma melhor interpretação da análise foliar e da fertilidade do solo, quando se trabalha com café orgânico.The production of organic coffee have been shown as a necessary and irreversible tendency of brazilian agrobusiness. This activity has an important role as an income alternative for some coffee producers, due to the increasing global

Caracterização etnopedológica de Planossolos utilizados em cerâmica artesanal no Agreste Paraibano Ethnopedological studies on solonetz and Planosols used in pottery craftwork in the Agreste region, State of Paraiba

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Ângelo Giuseppe Chaves Alves

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Técnicas adaptadas da etnociência clássica foram utilizadas para descrever e avaliar os conhecimentos de um grupo de artesãos camponeses do Agreste Paraibano sobre alguns solos que eles usam como recurso cerâmico. Cinco perfis de solo foram descritos por agrônomos-pesquisadores (abordagem eticista e por camponeses (abordagem emicista, em locais onde a população local extrai material para cerâmica. Amostras coletadas em ambas as abordagens foram usadas para caracterização morfológica e analítica desses solos. Os camponeses pesquisados foram capazes de distinguir, identificar e nomear diversos materiais de solo, arranjados em estratos ao longo dos perfis de solo, de modo comparável ao arranjo dos horizontes pedogenéticos. A visão, o tato e o paladar foram empregados pelos artesãos na avaliação da qualidade do solo para cerâmica. Quatro perfis descritos junto às fontes de material cerâmico foram classificados como Planossolo Nátrico e um como Planossolo Háplico. A realização de pesquisas etnopedológicas em diferentes contextos sociais e pedológicos pode contribuir para o avanço da ciência do solo, sendo também uma oportunidade para melhor compreender as formas camponesas de conhecimento e manejo de solos.Classic ethnoscientific techniques were adapted to describe and analyze the knowledge of peasant potters about soils they use for making pottery in a rural village in the Agreste region, State of Paraiba, northeastern Brazil. Five soil profiles from pits where local people obtain pottery clay were formally described by researchers (etic approach and by peasant artisans (emic approach. Samples collected during both the emic and etic approaches were used for the morphological and analytical soil characterization. The peasant potters were able to distinguish, identify, and name soil materials arranged in layers along the soil profiles, somehow comparable to the arrangement of the pedogenetic horizons. Vision, touch and

Amostragem para avaliação da fertilidade do solo em função do instrumento de coleta das amostras e de tipos de preparo do solo Sampling for soil fertility evaluation as influenced by sampling tool and soil tillage

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Fábio Henrique Tavares de Oliveira

2007-10-01

Full Text Available As medidas da média e da variabilidade dos índices de fertilidade do solo podem variar com o instrumento de coleta das amostras e com o tipo de preparo do solo. Assim, é necessário o desenvolvimento de métodos de amostragem de solo que melhor representem as reais condições de fertilidade do solo. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os efeitos da pá de corte e do trado de caneca nas medidas da média e da variabilidade de índices de fertilidade do solo sob plantio direto (PD e preparo convencional (PC, estimar o número de amostras simples para formar uma composta e testar a hipótese de que a média aritmética das amostras simples é igual ao resultado da análise química da amostra composta. Foram coletadas amostras de um Luvissolo Crômico Pálico abrúptico em um experimento de comparação de tipos de preparo do solo, semeado com monocultura de milho. Coletaram-se 48 amostras simples de solo em uma parcela de 81 m² sob PD, sendo 24 com pá de corte (perpendicularmente aos sulcos e no espaço compreendido entre os pontos médios entre sulcos e 24 com trado de caneca, em amostragem localizada (quatro amostras coletadas no sulco de plantio, oito a 10 cm do sulco e 12 no ponto médio entre os sulcos, próximas aos locais das amostras coletadas com pá de corte. Em outra parcela sob PC adotou-se o mesmo procedimento. A partir dessas amostras simples, foram preparadas, para cada combinação entre tipos de preparo do solo e instrumentos de coleta, amostras compostas de diferentes números de amostras simples (4, 8, 12, 16 e 24 amostras simples/amostra composta, com três repetições. Em todas as amostras simples e compostas, determinaram-se o pH e os teores de P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ e matéria orgânica. As características avaliadas em amostras coletadas com trado de caneca apresentaram maior variabilidade do que quando foram avaliadas em amostras coletadas com pá de corte, independentemente do tipo de preparo do solo. Nos dois

Biologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Agrotis ipsilon em dieta artificial Biology and fertility life table of Agrotis ipsilon on artificial diet

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Flavia de Moura Manoel Bento

2007-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma dieta artificial para criação de Agrotis ipsilon em laboratório com base em parâmetros biológicos e na tabela de vida de fertilidade. A dieta artificial utilizada continha feijão, caseína, proteína de soja, levedura e germe de trigo como fontes protéicas. Os parâmetros biológicos duração e viabilidade das fases larval e pupal, peso de pupas, de ambos os sexos, com 24 horas de idade, razão sexual, longevidade dos adultos, período de pré-oviposição e número de ovos produzidos por fêmea e a tabela de vida de fertilidade foram avaliados. Foram observados seis ínstares larvais com duração de 25,4 dias e viabilidade de 93%. A duração da fase pupal foi de 12,4 dias e viabilidade de 96%. A viabilidade de ciclo total foi 72%. O peso de pupas foi 387 mg (machos e 484 mg (fêmeas. A razão sexual foi 0,46. O período de pré-oviposição foi de um dia, com 1.806 ovos por fêmea. Na tabela de vida verificou-se que a taxa líquida de reprodução e a razão finita de aumento foram 616,9 e 1,14, respectivamente. A dieta artificial é adequada à manutenção da criação de A. ipsilon, em laboratório.The objective of this work was to develop an artificial diet to rear Agrotis ipsilon in laboratory using biological parameters and fertility life table. The artificial diet was prepared with bean, casein, soybean protein, yeast and wheat germ as protein sources. The biological aspects duration and viability of larval and pupal stages, pupal weight, sex ratio, life span of adults, preoviposition period, egg laying capacity and fertility life table were evaluated. Six larval instars were observed comprising larval duration of 28,4 days and 93% of viability mean pupal duration of 12,4 days and viability of 96%. The total viability of the life cycle was 72%. The pupae weight was 387 mg for males and 484 mg for females. The sex ratio was 0,46 and the preoviposition period lasted one day and egg

A análise seminal deve ser requisitada para homens com histórico de fertilidade prévia? Should semen analysis be requested for men with a history of previous fertility?

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Eleonora Bedin Pasqualotto

2006-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar se a história prévia de fertilidade pode predizer o atual status de fertilidade de um paciente masculino examinado por infertilidade do casal. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo envolvendo análises seminais de 183 pacientes consecutivos subférteis avaliados entre setembro de 2002 e março de 2004. Foram excluídos do estudo os pacientes que haviam se submetido a radioterapia, quimioterapia, orquiectomia ou vasectomia. Os valores médios de todas as análises foram usados em pacientes com múltiplas análises de sêmen. Pacientes com concentração espermática superior a 20x10(6 espermatozóides/mL, motilidade superior a 50% e espermatozóides com morfologia estrita superior a 14% foram considerados normais. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos, segundo o status de fertilidade: infertilidade primária (118 pacientes e infertilidade secundária (65 pacientes. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes estatísticos chi2 e teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: não houve diferença na idade média entre os pacientes com infertilidade primária, 37,3±6,3, e infertilidade secundária, 38,1±5,9; p=0,08. No grupo de pacientes com infertilidade primária, 51,9% (61 pacientes tiveram uma concentração espermática normal, 70,3% (83 pacientes tiveram a motilidade espermática normal e 26,37% (31 pacientes, por sua vez, morfologia normal. No grupo de pacientes com infertilidade secundária, 53,8% (35 pacientes tiveram concentração espermática normal, 75,4% (49 pacientes tiveram motilidade espermática normal e 32,3% (21 pacientes, morfologia normal. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi detectada na concentração espermática (21,3x10(6/mL versus 23,1x10(6/mL; p=0,07, motilidade (45,2 versus 48,1%; p=0,08 e morfologia (6,1 versus 6,4%; p=0,09 entre os grupos de pacientes com infertilidade primária e secundária. CONCLUSÕES: a análise seminal deve ser solicitada mesmo em casos de fertilidade masculina prévia. Os médicos n

Comportamiento de 19 accesiones de Panicum maximum Jacq. bajo condiciones de pastoreo en un suelo de mediana fertilidad

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R Machado

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el comportamiento de 19 accesiones de Panicum maximum en suelos de mediana fertilidad. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones y parcelas de 20 m². Las rotaciones (pastoreo racional simulado se efectuaron entre 60 y 70 días (época de seca y entre 32 y 40 días (época de lluvia. Se detectó una aceptable variabilidad entre tratamientos (70,7 %. Los indicadores más variables fueron: la disponibilidad, el porcentaje de utilización, el porcentaje de hojas y la altura de las plantas. Se aplicó un análisis de conglomerados y se formaron dos grupos: tipos gigantes (grupo 1 y tipos medianos (grupo 2. Los tratamientos del grupo 1 alcanzaron una disponibilidad media de 5,0 t MS/ha/rotación y superaron en 0,7 t MS/ha/rotación a los del grupo 2. Sin embargo, estos últimos mostraron menores síntomas de clorosis (34,0 %, fueron más tolerantes a los microorganismos patógenos (25,0 % y menos afectados por la sequía (42,0 %, y presentaron mayor vigor (3,8 como media de los tres años. Se concluye que en la variabilidad tuvieron un papel fundamental la disponibilidad, la altura, el porcentaje de hojas y el porcentaje de utilización. El resto de los indicadores fue relativamente poco variable, pero también permitió enjuiciar el comportamiento de estos materiales. Se recomiendan los tipos medianos CIH-6, SIH-810 y CIH-22 como variedades precomerciales para condiciones similares a las aquí utilizadas, e incluir el tipo gigante SIH-759 en ensayos en los que se emplee el corte o el pastoreo con mayor intensidad

Tabela de vida de fertilidade de três espécies neotropicais de Trichogrammatidae em ovos de hospedeiros alternativos como critério de seleção hospedeira Fertility life table of three neotropical species of Trichogrammatidae on factitious hosts as a criterion for selection of hosts

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Nivia da Silva Dias

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Tabela de vida de fertilidade de três espécies neotropicais de Trichogrammatidae em ovos de hospedeiros alternativos como critério de seleção hospedeira. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar o hospedeiro alternativo que permita o melhor desenvolvimento das três espécies neotropicais de tricogramatídeos, Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983; Trichogramma bruni Nagaraja, 1983 e Trichogrammatoidea annulata De Santis, 1972, utilizando-se como parâmetro comparativo as tabelas de vida de fertilidade nos respectivos hospedeiros. Foram estimados a duração média de uma geração (T, taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro, razão infinitesimal (r m e a razão finita de aumento (λ. A tabela de vida de fertilidade pode ser utilizada para selecionar o hospedeiro alternativo mais adequado para as espécies de tricogramatídeos. Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1865 (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae foi o hospedeiro alternativo mais adequado para criação de T. annulata e de T. bruni, enquanto que para T. atopovirilia, Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller, 1879 (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae e/ou C. cephalonica foram os hospedeiros mais adequados. Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier, 1819 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae apresentou baixa capacidade de aumento populacional para as três espécies de parasitóides, sendo, portanto, uma espécie inadequada como hospedeiro alternativo para as mesmas.The objective of this work was to select the factitious host that permit the best development of three neotropical Trichogrammatidae species, Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983; Trichogramma bruni Nagaraja, 1983, and Trichogrammatoidea annulata De Santis, 1972, using the fertility life table on their respective hosts as a comparative parameter. Mean generation time (T, net reproductive rate (Ro, intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m and the finite rate of increase (λ were estimated. A fertility life table is useful to select the most adequate factitious hosts for the

Suscetibilidade de Biomphalaria tenagophila do Estado de São Paulo à infecção por linhagens de Schistosoma mansoni da Baixada Maranhense (Maranhão, Brasil Susceptibility of Biomphalaria tenagophila, from S. Paulo State, to infection by Schistosoma mansoni, from the State of Maranhão

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Othon de Carvalho Bastos

1984-10-01

Full Text Available Exemplares de Biomphalaria tenagophila, provenientes do Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul (São Paulo, Brasil, foram expostos às linhagens humana (H e silvestre (S de Schistosoma mansoni, oriundos da Região da Baixada Maranhense, ao noroeste do Estado do Maranhão. As linhagens H e S apresentaram comportamento distinto quando colocadas à infectar os moluscos paulistas. As B. tenagophila infectadas com a linhagem S apresentaram índice de mortalidade inferior ao observado nas infectadas com a linhagem H. No molusco paulista a linhagem silvestre maranhense completou seu desenvolvimento, fato que não ocorreu com a linhagem humana. Estas observações foram comparadas com os resultados anteriormente obtidos, quando estudou-se o comportamento das linhagens H e S do Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul no molusco simpátrico. Foi verificado que as linhagens maranhenses e paulistas quando comparadas apresentavam comportamento similar frente a B. tenogophila do Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul, SP.Wild (W and human (H strains of Schistosoma mansoni were isolated in the lowland region of Maranhão State (northeastern Brazil. Snail progenies of Biomphalaria tenagophila collected from Paraiba do Sul River valley (Southeastern Brazil were exposed to W miracidia, obtained from livers of wild rodents,and to H miracidia, from eggs in human stools. The date of elimination of cercariae, the quantity of eliminated larvae, the infection index of the moluscs and the mortality rate of the snails were recorded. This data suggest better adaptation of the W strain than of the H strain to B. tenagophila. These results were compared with published data of H and W strains from the Paraiba do Sul River valley and similar parasitological behavior was found.

Occurrence and identification of the etiologic agents of plant diseases in cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. in the semi-arid region of Paraiba

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Anne Evelyne Franco de Souza

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Cactus forage (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill., intensely cultivated in dry regions of northeast Brazil, although well adapted to the harsh semi-arid climate is affected by major problems such as pests and diseases, responsible for significant losses in production. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and diversity of the etiologic agents of diseases of cactus cultivated in 38 municipalities in the semi-arid region of Paraiba. The analyses were conducted and processed at the Laboratory of Phytopathology of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, in Areia - PB. Starting from sick cladodes isolations, multiplications and identifications of the found microorganisms were made. The identification of the microorganisms was achieved through observations of the macro and micromorphological characteristics of the cultures and tests of Gram and pathogenicity. Great incidence and diversity of microorganisms was verified in the cacti researched, but the highest occurrence was mainly that of fungus. The fungi of widest occurrence were: Scytallidium lignicola, Alternate tenuis, Macrophomina phaseolina, Cladosporium cladosporides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. opuntiarum, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus niger, Nigrospora sphaerica, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Exserohilum turcicum, Pestalotia pitospora, Rhizopus stolonifer, Rhizoctonia solani and Sphaceloma protearum. A bacterium was also detected that was suspected to belong to the Erwinia sp. strain. Satisfaction of the Postulates of Koch proved the infectious nature of the detected microorganisms. High occurrence of the fungus S. lignicola, an agent of scale rot disease in 100% of the places researched, was observed. This fact is of great concern, since the progression of the disease can cause significant losses in production.

Amostragem para diagnose do estado nutricional e avaliação da fertilidade do solo em caramboleiras

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Amanda Hernandes

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Para a realização de uma análise confiável, a etapa mais sensível e que merece extremo cuidado é a amostragem do tecido vegetal e do solo. A amostra mais adequada é aquela que representa o melhor possível a área de estudo, exigindo um mínimo de plantas amostradas para atender a esse objetivo e com o menor número possível de amostras simples coletadas. Assim, o presente trabalho procurou dimensionar o número de plantas a serem amostradas para a diagnose do estado nutricional, bem como o número de amostras simples necessárias para formar a amostra composta, para fins de avaliação da fertilidade do solo cultivado com caramboleiras. O estudo foi realizado em um pomar comercial de caramboleiras, no município de Vista Alegre do Alto (SP, empregando-se amostragem aleatória, coletando-se a sexta folha a partir do ápice do ramo da caramboleira, na altura mediana da frutífera, no florescimento da cultura, em 40 plantas. Foram coletadas, também, 30 amostras simples de solo, em zigue-zague, nas linhas da cultura, com o auxílio de um trado tipo holandês, nas camadas de 0 a 0,2 m e 0,2 a 0,4 m. Considerando-se aceitável um erro amostral de 10%, 21 plantas de carambola seriam suficientes para as determinações químicas foliares de macronutrientes. Já para os micronutrientes, seriam necessárias, no mínimo, 52 plantas amostradas. O aumento do número de amostras simples reduziu o erro porcentual na estimativa da média desejada, permitindo a recomendação de 14 e 17 amostras simples nas camadas de 0 a 0,2 m e 0,2 a 0,4 m (erro = 20%, respectivamente.

La fecundidad y sus determinantes en España, 1887-1920. Un ensayo de interpretación

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Pedro Luis Iriso Napal

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Esquema interpretativo para explicar los pesos relativos de los factores económicos, sociales, culturales y demográficos en las diferencias de la fertilidad dentro del matrimonio entre áreas rurales y áreas urbanas. Se utilizan los datos estadísticos sobre fertilidad marital en España entre los años 1887 y 1920 para los análisis de trayectoria de la evolución de la fertilidad en áreas rurales y urbanas como resultado de cambios en estructuras económicas y culturales. Un triángulo homeostático es descubierto entre los factores de las tasas de matrimonio, mortalidad infantil, y fertilidad en las áreas rurales. Los grados de analfabetismo y proporción de hombres activos se encuentran entre los factores más significativos de la fertilidad en zonas urbanas. Se discute la influencia reciproca entre las tasas de fertilidad de zonas rurales y urbanas, y se considera la importancia de los factores culturales y migratorios en ciertas regiones.

Environmental conditioning on uranium surface distribution in the tropical region; Condicionantes ambientais sobre a distribuicao superficial de uranio numa regiao de climatologia tropical

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, Heitor Evangelista da; Licinio, Marcus V.S.; Miranda, Marcio R. [Universidade do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil). Lab. de Ciencias Radiologicas

2001-07-01

Based on a high resolution aerogammaspectrometer survey over the State of Rio de Janeiro, it is presented an associative study of equivalent uranium concentration and environmental parameters. The aspects considered in this study included geological domains like Sandys, Gnaisses, Granites, Xists; soils domains like Organic and Alluvial ones, Litolic, Glei, Podzolic, Red-yellow, Latossolo, Planossolo, Red bruizem, Cambissolo, Hidromorphic Podzol, Yellow latossolo; geomorphology (Coast Plains and River Accumulation Land, Coast Tabulators, Pomba-Muriae Rivers Spread Depression, Northern Mantiqueira, main Hills and Coastal Rock Massifs, Steep slopes and Reverses of Serra do Mar Mountain Range ,Serra dos Orgaos Mountain Range and Bocaina Tablelands), Paraiba do Sul Crests Alignment, Medium Paraiba do Sul Depression); influence of mean annual rain intensity and hydrographical categories were also evaluated. Geoprocessing of each environmental data base at the same cartographical base of uranium surface distribution was the basic methodology employed. (author)

Environmental conditioning on uranium surface distribution in the tropical region

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Heitor Evangelista da; Licinio, Marcus V.S.; Miranda, Marcio R.

2001-01-01

Based on a high resolution aerogammaspectrometer survey over the State of Rio de Janeiro, it is presented an associative study of equivalent uranium concentration and environmental parameters. The aspects considered in this study included geological domains like Sandys, Gnaisses, Granites, Xists; soils domains like Organic and Alluvial ones, Litolic, Glei, Podzolic, Red-yellow, Latossolo, Planossolo, Red bruizem, Cambissolo, Hidromorphic Podzol, Yellow latossolo; geomorphology (Coast Plains and River Accumulation Land, Coast Tabulators, Pomba-Muriae Rivers Spread Depression, Northern Mantiqueira, main Hills and Coastal Rock Massifs, Steep slopes and Reverses of Serra do Mar Mountain Range ,Serra dos Orgaos Mountain Range and Bocaina Tablelands), Paraiba do Sul Crests Alignment, Medium Paraiba do Sul Depression); influence of mean annual rain intensity and hydrographical categories were also evaluated. Geoprocessing of each environmental data base at the same cartographical base of uranium surface distribution was the basic methodology employed. (author)

Análisis demográfico de la fecundidad adolescente en México

OpenAIRE

Carlos Welti Chanes

2000-01-01

La información de las estadísticas de vida de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica en México en 1997 se utilizó para examinar las tendencias y determinantes de la fertilidad entre adolescentes. En los últimos 20 años el nivel de la fertilidad medido por la tendencia de fertilidad global ha decaído casi 50 por ciento, mientras que en las mujeres de entre 15 y 19 años disminuyó solamente 39 por ciento y, por lo tanto, su participación en la fertilidad general se ha incrementado dando más visibilida...

Seleccion de híbridos de especies de papa por resistencia a Phytophthora infestans (Mont de Bary, fertilidad masculina y potencial productivo Hybrid selection of potatoe species for resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont de Bary, male fertility and productive potential

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Ñustez L. Carlos Eduardo

1990-12-01

Full Text Available En la Universidad Nacional de Colombia en Mosquera durante los años 1988 y 1989 se realizó una investigación, donde se evaluó bajo condiciones de invernadero la resistencia a P. infestans de las progenies de 51 cruzamientos (F1 y avanzados. que inclu ían en su pedigree especies silvestres,
primitivas y/o cultivadas de papa. Luego de un primer ciclo de selección los genotipos escogidos se evaluaron en campo por
resistencia a la enfermedad, fertilidad masculina y potencial productivo (kg/planta. En invernadero se encontró buena resistencia a razas no específicas de P. infestans en las progenies de los cruzamientos simples con phureja, que incluían las especies silvestres polyadenium, stoloniferum, iopetslum, . avilesii y okadae y susceptibilidad en los que
tenían las silvestres -dodsii, abancayense, embosinum, canasense, gandarillasii, pampasense, marinasense yalandiae. Al final del segundo ciclo de evaluación
en campo se seleccionaron 27 genotipos: 5 de cruzamientos simples, 9 de cruzamientos triples y 2 de cruzamientos múltiples que incluyen especies silvestres en su pedigree
(avilesii, brachycarpum, stotontterum, iopetalum, hougasii, eceule y los 11 restantes incluyen genotipos primitivos y/o avanzados. Un excelente potencial productivo se encontró
en genotipos del cruzamiento interéspecífico avílesíi x phureja, y en genotipos de cruzamientos triples que incluyen las especies hougasii o acaule. La fertilidad masculina
de los genotipo evaluados osciló desde esterilidad hasta alta fertilidad.An experiment was carriet out in one of the greenhouses of the Natíonal University of Colombia located in Bogotá, between 1988 and 1989. The objetive was to evaluate. the resistance to P. infestans of the progenies of 51 crosses (F1 and advanced that included in their pedigree wild, primitive specias and/or cultivated potatoes. Then after a first cycle of selection the chosen genotypes were evaluated in

Crescimento e bromatologia do feijão-bravo (Capparis flexuosa L. em área de Caatinga no Curimataú paraibano, Brasil Growth and bromatology of Capparis flexuosa at Curimatau region, Paraiba state, Brazil

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Jorge Xavier de Almeida Neto

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar aspectos relacionados com o crescimento e a bromatologia do feijão-bravo (Capparis flexuosa L. em uma área no Curimataú, Semiárido Paraibano. Para a análise da evolução do crescimento desta espécie formou-se quatro grupos de plantas segundo a classe de altura: GI até 0,50 m; GII de 0,51 a 1 m; GIII de 1,01 a 1,50 m e GIV a >1,51 m. No período de março a dezembro de 2007 determinou-se a altura e o número de ramos dos indivíduos, sendo o diâmetro do caule registrado de março a setembro. Avaliou-se também, a composição bromatológica das folhas e talos do feijão-bravo. Em todos os grupos, o feijão-bravo apresentou crescimento lento no período chuvoso. Entretanto, até o mês de agosto, observou-se o aumento no número de ramos das plantas, independente do grupo estabelecido. No Período amostrado, não se constatou diferença (p > 0,05 entre plantas em termos de diâmetro, em todos os grupos amostrados. Os dados bromatológicos registrados foram os seguintes: matéria orgânica (91,95%; cinzas (8,05%; matéria seca (47,1% e umidade (52,9%. Os teores de proteína bruta (8,13%; fibra bruta (32,32%; extrato etéreo (5,37%; e energia bruta (5.015 cal g-1 do feijão-bravo, dado a estas características, sugerem que esta espécie apresenta potencial para ser utilizada como forrageira.The general aim of this study was to describe the growth and bromatology of Capparis flexuosa L. in an area of Caatinga, Paraiba State, Brazil. To analyze the growth evolution, the plants were divided in four groups according to the height classes: GI until 0.50 m; GII from 0.51 to 1 m; GIII from 1.01 to 1.50 m and GIV above >1.51 m; the plants height, the number of branches and the basal diameter were determined, in the period between March and December, 2007. The bromatological composition of leaves and branches of Capparis flexuosa was evaluated. It was showed, in all groups, that Capparis flexuosa

Adubação do algodão colorido BRS 200 em sistema orgânico no Seridó Paraibano Fertilization of colored cotton BRS 200 under organic system in Serido, in the State of Paraiba, Brazil

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Melchior N. B. da Silva

2005-06-01

Full Text Available É grande a potencialidade do algodão colorido para ser cultivado organicamente na região semi-árida, onde as condições edafoclimáticas possibilitam o cultivo sem defensivos agrícolas. Os adubos orgânicos têm sido utilizados para melhorar as propriedades físico-químicas do solo, o estabelecimento de microrganismos benéficos e o aumento da matéria orgânica, além de ser fonte de nutrientes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar níveis e forma de aplicação do esterco bovino em algodoeiro colorido BRS 200-marrom, cultivado sob manejo orgânico nas condições edafoclimáticas do Seridó Paraibano. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso, com nove tratamentos e quatro repetições, nos anos 2000, 2001 e 2002. Os tratamentos se originaram de um fatorial (4 x 2+1, cujos fatores foram quatro níveis de esterco bovino curtido (10, 20, 30 e 40 t ha-1 em dois locais de aplicação (abaixo e ao lado das sementes, adicionado de uma testemunha absoluta sem adubação orgânica. A presença do esterco bovino incrementou a produtividade do algodão. Quando ocorreu regularidade climática, a aplicação ao lado das sementes foi mais eficiente, alcançando-se o máximo rendimento com 30 t ha-1. A uniformidade do comprimento da fibra decresceu e o índice de fibras curtas aumentou com o incremento dos níveis de adubo.The naturally colored cotton has potentiality for growth in Northeast Semi-arid, where the edaphoclimatic conditions permit the cultivation without agrochemicals. Organic fertilizers have been used to improve physico-chemical properties of the soil, establishment of beneficial microorganisms, increase of the organic matter and nutrients. The objective of this work was to determine levels and forms of application of cattle manure in colored cotton BRS 200, cultivated under organic management in Seridó, in the State of Paraiba. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, with nine treatments and four replications

Soil organic matter and soil acidity in Mangrove areas in the river Paraiba Estuary, Cabedelo, Paraiba, Brazil

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Renata Wilma Vasconcelos

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Mangrove ecosystems are of great environmental significance, because of their fragility and role in feeding and breeding various animal species. In northeastern Brazil, the disorderly occupation of estuarine areas and the urban sprawl have led to a considerable loss of the original area occupied by mangroves. In the municipality of Cabedelo, State of Paraíba, there are about 4,900 ha of remnant mangrove areas in the estuarine complex of the Paraíba River. However, information about the attributes of mangrove soils at this location is quite scarce. The aim of this study was to quantify the soil organic matter and soil acidity in mangroves located in the estuary of the Paraíba River, State of Paraíba, Brazil, in order to increase the database of soil attributes in this region. The study area is in local influence of the Restinga de Cabedelo National Forest (Flona, an environmental conservation unit of the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. For the choice of sampling points, we considered an area that receives direct influence of the eviction of domestic and industrial effluents. The soil of the study area is an “Organossolo Háplico” in Brazilian Soil Classification (Histosol, and was sampled at four point sites: one upstream of the effluent discharge (P1, one in the watercourse receiving effluent water (P2, one downstream of the effluent discharge (P3 and another near Flona (P4, at 0-20 and 20-40 cm, in four replications in time (28/08/2012 in the morning and afternoon, and 21/01/2013 in the morning and afternoon. Potential acidity, pH and soil organic matter (SOM were determined. No significant differences were detected in the potential acidity of the four collection sites, which ranged from 0.38 to 0.45 cmolc dm-3. Soil pH was greatest at point P4 (7.0 and lowest at point P1 (5.8. The SOM was highest at point P1 (86.4 % and lowest at P2 (77.9 %. The attributes related to soil acidity were not sensitive to indicate

Study renewable energy - sugarcane ethanol. Traditional areas. Final report; Estudo energias renovaveis - etanol de cana. Areas tradicionais. Relatorio final

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2008-07-01

This report presents the mapping of areas with potential for ethanol production in traditional areas of the Brazil. In the traditional areas, with clear emphasis in the Northeast region of Brazil, was selected ten areas in the states of Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraiba, Rio Grande do Norte and Ceara. In the Southeast region two areas, between the Norte Fluminense, Southern of the Espirito Santo and eastern of the Minas Gerais.

Alternativas de manejo de la fertilidad del suelo en ecosistemas agropecuarios Management alternatives of soil fertility in livestock production ecosystems

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Saray Sánchez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En Cuba, debido a la degradación que presentan los suelos, se requiere de un manejo integrado para potenciar su capacidad productiva en beneficio del hombre y lograr el desarrollo sostenible y la seguridad alimentaria. Esta situación demanda que los profesionales, técnicos y responsables de la producción agropecuaria amplíen sus conocimientos relacionados con el manejo y conservación de este recurso, de modo que con su trabajo se pueda lograr un equilibrio en el sistema suelo-planta-animal, que posibilite mejorar el medio ambiente, lograr producciones más ecológicas y obtener mayores beneficios económicos y sociales para el país. En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados generados en diferentes instituciones científicas en cuanto al uso de tecnologías adecuadas en el manejo de la fertilidad del suelo en ecosistemas agropecuarios, así como las experiencias de su introducción en la práctica productiva con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo sostenible y la seguridad alimentaria en Cuba.In Cuba, due to soil degradation, integrated management is required to enhance their productive capacity in benefit of man and achieve sustainable development and the necessary food security. This situation demands that the professionals, technicians and people responsible for livestock production increase their knowledge related to the management and conservation of this resource, so that with their work balance can be achieved in the soil-plant-animal system, which allows improving the environment, achieving more ecological productions, and attaining higher economic and social benefits for the country. In this paper some results are shown generated in different scientific institutions regarding the use of adequate technologies of soil fertility management in agricultural and livestock production ecosystems, as well as the experiences of their introduction in productive practice in order to contribute to sustainable development and food

Management of water use in the Paraíba River, PB, Brazil basin based on water grants and charge models

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Márcia Araújo de Almeida

2016-11-01

Full Text Available One of the challenges in the management of water resources is to advance water distribution mechanisms to allow them to balance the basin's available water with the demands of its various economic sectors. This research evaluated the combined use of a model of grant optimization with a proposed model of charging for the use of raw water in order to assist decision makers in the distribution of water of the Acauã Reservoir, located in the basin of the Paraiba River in the State of Paraiba, Brazil. The grant model allowed optimizing the achievement of the demand requests according to water use priorities defined in four scenarios, balancing demand and availability. It was shown that it can be used in decision-making processes in the evaluation of new grant requests in basins controlled by reservoirs. The proposed charging model incorporated various profiles of water users using various coefficients which enabled the definition of the amount to be charged to encourage the rational use of water, not just a tax collection mechanism.

The Espinharas uranium occurrence, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuchs, H.D.; Fonte, J. da; Suckau, V.; Thakur, V.

1981-01-01

Nuclam has been exploring for uranium in Brazil since 1976. During this period one uranium ore body has been found in the vicinity of Espinharas, a village in Paraiba State, northeast Brazil. According to present knowledge, the mineralized ore body is caused by metasomatic action. The history of discovery and the exploration work until the end of 1979 is given, showing the conceptual change with increasing knowledge of the mineralized zone. (author)

Investigaciones sobre la Fertilidad de los Suelos de Tres Regiones del Norte de Colombia

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Rodríguez J. Manuel

1962-09-01

Full Text Available Se hizo el estudio sobre la fertilidad de los suelos de tres regiones en el norte de Colombia a saber: San Jorge, Bajo Cauca y Ayapel. Se tomaron muestras en los lugares que se consideraron más representativos, para hacer análisis químicos detallados yen, sayos de invernadero. Los ensayos de invernadero se hicieron siguiendo la técnica de Jenny con algunas variaciones que consistieran en lo siguiente: a adicionar dos tratamientos más, uno completo más elementos menores y otro completo más cal; b hacer dos siembras de lechuga en la misma maceta, agregando en la primera todos los elementos, pero en la segunda sólo N y K; c usar el sistema del análisis de variancia para comparar los resultados obtenidos. En los análisis químicos se encontró que los suelos de San Jorge son casi neutros (pH 6,7 mientras que los del Bajo Cauca y Ayapel son frecuentemente ácidos (pH 5.38 y 5.10 respectivamente. El contenido de materia orgánica está entre 1.70 y 2,67%, El P soluble extraído por el método de Olsen es bajo en los tres suelos estudiados, pero especialmente en los del Bajo Cauca y Ayapel (2,8 y 4,2 mg./ kg, respectivamente. Al analizar los resultados por el sistema de la variancia se encontró, para los suelos de San Jorge, que el N y el K disminuyen los rendimientos y que esta disminución es estadísticamente significativa para una de las siembras. Que la aplicación de elementos menores alimenta los rendimientos en las dos siembras y que en una de ellas es estadísticamente significativa. Para el suelo del Bajo Cauca, la aplicación de P o de elementos menores aumenta en las dos siembras los rendimientos y en una de ellas en forma estadísticamente significativa. En los suelos de Ayapel se encontró que la cal o los elementos menores alimentaron los rendimientos en las dos siembras y en una de ellas el aumento fue estadísticamente significativo. En general, se puede observar por el rendimiento del testigo de los tres suelos, que el

La fecundidad y sus determinantes en España, 1887-1920. Un ensayo de interpretación

OpenAIRE

Pedro Luis Iriso Napal; DAVID-SVEN REHER

1987-01-01

Esquema interpretativo para explicar los pesos relativos de los factores económicos, sociales, culturales y demográficos en las diferencias de la fertilidad dentro del matrimonio entre áreas rurales y áreas urbanas. Se utilizan los datos estadísticos sobre fertilidad marital en España entre los años 1887 y 1920 para los análisis de trayectoria de la evolución de la fertilidad en áreas rurales y urbanas como resultado de cambios en estructuras económicas y culturales. Un triángulo homeostático...

Análisis demográfico de la fecundidad adolescente en México

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Carlos Welti Chanes

2000-01-01

Full Text Available La información de las estadísticas de vida de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica en México en 1997 se utilizó para examinar las tendencias y determinantes de la fertilidad entre adolescentes. En los últimos 20 años el nivel de la fertilidad medido por la tendencia de fertilidad global ha decaído casi 50 por ciento, mientras que en las mujeres de entre 15 y 19 años disminuyó solamente 39 por ciento y, por lo tanto, su participación en la fertilidad general se ha incrementado dando más visibilidad al fenómeno. La fertilidad en los adolescentes parece estar asociada con la inestabilidad conyugal y los niveles más altos de mortalidad, especialmente entre madres adolescentes. El nivel de educación de una mujer joven es el factor más asociado con la probabilidad de dar a luz durante la adolescencia. A pesar de que existe una mayor necesidad de investigación en esta área, la promoción de educación puede ser el medio más efectivo para exhortar a que las mujeres adolescentes den a luz más tarde en México.

Efeito de doses crescentes de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio sôbre a produção de mandioca em solos de baixa e alta fertilidade Responses of cassava to increasing doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

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Jairo Ribeiro da Silva

1968-01-01

Full Text Available Para estudar os efeitos de adubações com nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio sôbre a produção de mandioca, conduziram-se, no Estado de São Paulo, duas experiências em solos arenosos de baixa fertilidade e uma em terra-roxa-misturada bastante fértil. Nos três casos, os solos não foram adubados no ano agrícola anterior ao da instalação das experiências. Nestas, pequena parte das doses de fósforo e potássio foi aplicada nos sulcos de plantio, e o resto, em conjunto com as doses totais de nitrogênio, durante o desenvolvimento das plantas, em sulcos laterais aos de plantio. Nos solos arenosos, os efeitos do nitrogênio e do fósforo foram muito pequenos, ao passo que o do potássio foi bastante elevado. Na terra-roxa-misturada, as respostas médias aos três elementos foram pequenas; contudo, a interação negativa fósforo x potássio mostrou que, na ausência um do outro, êstes elementos, sobretudo o segundo, proporcionaram aumentos apreciáveis de produção.Three experiments were conducted in the State of São Paulo to study the responses of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus were small in all of the experiments, while potassium increased significantly the root yields in two of them, located on poor sandy soils.

Efeitos do paclobutrazol na fertilidade de gemas e no crescimento dos ramos de videiras cv Rubi Effects of paclobutrazol on bud fertility and shoot growth of grapevine cv Rubi

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Renato Vasconcelos Botelho

2004-08-01

Full Text Available A baixa fertilidade de gemas tem sido um dos fatores limitantes da produção em vinhedos do Estado de São Paulo, estando este problema relacionado, em muitos casos, ao excesso de vigor das plantas. Neste contexto, um experimento foi conduzido em vinhedo comercial da cultivar de uva de mesa Rubi, localizado no município de Palmeira D'Oeste (SP. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os ramos foram pulverizados com soluções de paclobutrazol nas doses de 0; 500; 1.000; 1.500; 2.000 e 2.500 mg L-1, no estádio de 5ª folha. As variáveis avaliadas foram: porcentagem de gemas férteis, porcentagem de gemas mortas, diâmetro de internódios e massa fresca e comprimento dos ramos. Aplicações de paclobutrazol reduziram o diâmetro dos internódios e a massa e o comprimento dos ramos. A porcentagem de gemas férteis também foi diminuída, possivelmente pela redução dos níveis endógenos de giberelina necessários para o processo de formação do primórdio indiferenciado.The low bud fertility has been one of the most limiting factors in vineyards at São Paulo State, and this problem has been correlated, in many cases, to the excess of plant vigor. In this context, a trial was carried out in a commercial vineyard of 'Rubi' table grape, located at Palmeira D'Oeste (SP, Brazil. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications. The vine shoots were sprayed with paclobutrazol at 0; 500; 1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 2,500 mgL-1, at the fifth leaf phenological stage. The variables evaluated were: percentage of fertile buds; percentage of bud necrosis; fresh weight and length of shoots and diameter of internodes. Applications of paclobutrazol reduced the weight and the length of shoots and the internodes diameter. The percentage of fertile buds was also reduced, probably due to the decreasing in endogenous gibberellin levels necessary for

Fertilidade de éguas inseminadas no corpo ou no ápice do corno uterino com diferentes concentrações espermáticas Fertility of mares inseminated in the uterine corpus or tip with different sperm concentrations

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I. L.G.S. Xavier

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 72 ciclos estrais de 37 éguas mestiças, com idade variando de quatro a 20 anos, distribuídas ao acaso em dois grupos experimentais (G I e G II para estudar o efeito do local de deposição do sêmen no sistema genital sobre a fertilidade. As inseminações no ápice do corno uterino (G II foram realizadas por via intravaginal profunda, utilizando-se a pipeta de inseminação IVI pippette (75cm, contendo 1/5 (3mL da dose inseminante utilizada para o corpo do útero (15mL-G I. As éguas foram rufiadas diariamente e inseminadas às segundas, quartas e sextas-feiras, a partir de um folículo de 3,0 a 3,5cm de diâmetro, com sêmen fresco diluído em diluidor de leite desnatado-glicose. Apenas um garanhão de 20 anos e de fertilidade conhecida foi utilizado. As taxas de concepção/ciclo para as inseminações realizadas no corpo (42,9%-15/35 e ápice do corno uterino (45,9%-17/37 com concentrações médias de 489 e 102 milhões de espermatozoides móveis, respectivamente, não foram diferentes (P>0,05.Seventy-two estral cycles of 37 mares, aging from four to 20-year-old, were randomly distributed in two experimental groups (G I and G II. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the semen deposition placed in the female genital system on the fertility. The inseminations in uterine horn tip (G II were carried out by deep intravaginal way, using the pipette of insemination IVI pippette (75cm, containing 1/5 (3mL of the inseminant dose of that utilized in uterine body or horn (15mL-G I. The mares were daily teased and inseminated on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, starting from a follicle from 3.0 to 3.5cm diameter, with fresh semen diluted in skim milk glucose extender. Only one 20 year-old stallion with wellknown fertility was utilized. The conception rates/cycles for inseminations carried out in the uterine body (42,9%-15/35 and in the uterine horn tip (45,9%-17/37 utilizing average concentrations of 489 and 102

Efeitos da adubação NPK na fertilidade do solo, nutrição e crescimento da seringueira

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O. C. Bataglia

1999-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes combinações de doses de fertilizantes NPK, durante o período de formação do seringal, sobre as características químicas do solo, nutrição mineral e crescimento de árvores de seringueira [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss. Müell. Arg.], clone RRIM 600. O experimento foi instalado em 1985 e realizado até 1993, no delineamento de blocos ao acaso, num esquema fatorial fracionado 1/2 (4 x 4 x 4, testando as doses anuais de 0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1 de N, P2O5 e K2O, aplicadas na forma de uréia, superfosfato triplo e cloreto de potássio. Foi usado Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo Podzólico distrófico A moderado de textura arenosa/média, localizado no município de Avaí, estado de São Paulo, no período entre dois e oito anos de idade das árvores. A avaliação do experimento foi feita por meio da análise de solo, de folha e medida do perímetro do caule. O fertilizante nitrogenado (uréia foi o que causou maiores alterações com intensa acidificação do solo. Além de alterar diversos atributos do solo, a aplicação de uréia elevou as concentrações de N e reduziu as de K e S nas folhas. A fertilização fosfatada aumentou a disponibilidade de P no solo e a concentração nas folhas, o mesmo acontecendo com a adubação potássica em relação à disponibilidade de K no solo e na planta. Apesar disso, as correlações entre as concentrações de P e K no solo e nas folhas e o período de imaturidade não foram coerentes com esse aumento de disponibilidade. Mesmo sem a aplicação de micronutrientes, observou-se que as concentrações de B nas folhas correlacionaram-se positivamente com o período de imaturidade, enquanto os demais micronutrientes pouco influíram na fertilidade do solo.

Fertilidade de substratos para mudas de mangabeira, contendo fibra de coco e adubados com fósforo = Fertility of substrata for mangabeira seedlings, containing coconut fiber and fertilized with phosphorus

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Thiago Jardelino Dias

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este experimento foi executado no Centro de Ciências Agrárias da UFPB,Areia, Estado da Paraíba, com objetivo de avaliar a fertilidade de substratos compostos por diferentes concentrações de fibra de coco (0 a 40%, esterco bovino (0 a 25%, terra vegetal (25 a 70%, 15% de areia e adubados com superfosfato triplo (0; 5,5 e 11 g L-1. Houveaumento das características químicas desejáveis do substrato com aumento da concentração de terra vegetal, fibra de coco e dose máxima do superfosfato triplo. A fibra de coco provocou aumento do teor de sódio nos substratos. Recomenda-se utilizar o substratoconstituído de 0 % de esterco, 46% de terra vegetal, 39% de fibra de coco, 15% de areia e 11 g L-1 de superfosfato triplo para obtenção dos máximos valores estimados de matéria orgânica, potássio, magnésio, cálcio e fósforo, e mínimo para H++Al+3 e sódio.This experiment was carried out at Centro de Ciências Agrárias of UFPB, Areia, state of Paraíba, whose objective was to evaluate thefertility of the substrata composed by concentrations of coconut fiber from 0 to 40%, manure bovine from 0 to 25.5%, soil from 25 to 70%, sand 15% and triple superphosphate between 0 and 11 g L-1. There was increase of the desirable chemical characteristics to thesubstratum with the increase of the concentration of soil, coconut fiber and maximum dose of the triple superphosphate. The coconut fiber increased the tenor of sodium in the substrata. It is recommended to use the concentrations of 0% of manure, 46% of soil, 39% of coconut fiber, 15% of sand and 11 g L-1 of triple superphosfate, to obtain the maxima estimated values of organic matter, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus, andminima for H++Al+3 and sodium.

Contribución relativa del nitrógeno del suelo y del fijado biológicamente a la economía de la nutrición nitrogenada de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.) en diferentes condiciones de fertilidad Relative contribution of biological fixed nitrogen and soil nitrogen to the nutrition economy of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under different conditions of soil fertility

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S. Castro; G. Cerioni; O. Giayetto; A. Fabra

2006-01-01

La producción de maní en Argentina se concentra en la región central de la provincia de Córdoba, la cual experimentó últimamente una pérdida importante de la productividad de los suelos y una declinación aleatoria del rendimiento de los cultivos. La contribución relativa de la fijación biológica (FBN) de nitrógeno al maní en suelos de diferente fertilidad no ha sido suficientemente estudiada. Entonces, se evaluó el efecto de cepas de rizobios (TTOO2R, SEMIA 6144R y TAL 1000R) sobre el rendimi...

Radium equivalent in clays extracted in Northeast cities of Brazil and used in civil construction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Araujo, Eduardo E.N.; Junior, Jose Araujo S.; Amaral, Romilton S.; Santos, Josineide M.N.; Rojas, Lino A.V.; Fernandez, Zahily H.

2017-01-01

The Earth's crust may have different levels of natural radioactivity as a consequence of the different types of minerals that form its composition. Exploration activities of natural sources may have a high radiometric impact for the radionuclides of the natural series and contributes to radionuclides transitions to others areas. The distribution of natural radioactive elements 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K in rock and soil is not uniform and as a consequence all building materials contain amounts of natural radioactive substances. This study aimed to establish the calculation of the Equivalent Radium Activity (Ra Eq ) in brickwork's clays in the adjacent area to the uranium deposits in Northeast Brazil cities in the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte. The analyses were performed using the non-destructive method HPGe-Be gamma spectrometry. Twenty-eight samples were collected from ten brickworks in the cities of Sao Jose do Sabugi and Santa Luzia, in Paraiba State and Santana do Serido and Parelhas, in Rio Grande do Norte State. The activities of RaEq ranged from 84.5 to 747.8 Bq/kg with an average of 334.0 Bq/kg. Approximately 29% of the analyzed samples had activities of RaEq above the limit defined by UNSCEAR (the limit is 370 Bq/kg), where the clays must have its sources of extraction monitored, respecting the radioecological protection rules. From the qualification of the samples, it has been certified that the radionuclides present in this study are exclusively of natural origin. (author)

Radium equivalent in clays extracted in Northeast cities of Brazil and used in civil construction

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Araujo, Eduardo E.N.; Junior, Jose Araujo S.; Amaral, Romilton S.; Santos, Josineide M.N.; Rojas, Lino A.V.; Fernandez, Zahily H., E-mail: eduardo.eudes@ufpe.br, E-mail: jaraujo@ufpe.br, E-mail: romilton@ufpe.br, E-mail: josineide.santos@ufpe.br, E-mail: lino.valcarcel@ufpe.br, E-mail: zahily1985@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DEN/UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Departamento de Energia Nuclear

2017-11-01

The Earth's crust may have different levels of natural radioactivity as a consequence of the different types of minerals that form its composition. Exploration activities of natural sources may have a high radiometric impact for the radionuclides of the natural series and contributes to radionuclides transitions to others areas. The distribution of natural radioactive elements {sup 226}Ra, {sup 232}Th, and {sup 40}K in rock and soil is not uniform and as a consequence all building materials contain amounts of natural radioactive substances. This study aimed to establish the calculation of the Equivalent Radium Activity (Ra{sub Eq}) in brickwork's clays in the adjacent area to the uranium deposits in Northeast Brazil cities in the states of Paraiba and Rio Grande do Norte. The analyses were performed using the non-destructive method HPGe-Be gamma spectrometry. Twenty-eight samples were collected from ten brickworks in the cities of Sao Jose do Sabugi and Santa Luzia, in Paraiba State and Santana do Serido and Parelhas, in Rio Grande do Norte State. The activities of RaEq ranged from 84.5 to 747.8 Bq/kg with an average of 334.0 Bq/kg. Approximately 29% of the analyzed samples had activities of RaEq above the limit defined by UNSCEAR (the limit is 370 Bq/kg), where the clays must have its sources of extraction monitored, respecting the radioecological protection rules. From the qualification of the samples, it has been certified that the radionuclides present in this study are exclusively of natural origin. (author)

Obtaining of mullite by fast burning from bentonite clays from Paraiba state, BR

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Gomes, J.; Rocha, A.I.O.; Oliveira, S.S.; Neves, G.A.; Lira, H.L.; Santana, L.N.L.; Menezes, R.R.

2012-01-01

Bentonite clays are aluminium-silicates that when heated turn into mullite. The sintering of mullite obtained from these mineral clays by quick microwaves heating comes up as an alternative process for mullite powders synthesis. The use of quick heating on ceramics nanopowders synthesis is a recent technology that is being successfully used on synthesis with microwaves and synthesis process by combustion. The quick microwaves heating enables adding heat quickly and equally, accelerating the nucleation kinetics and the development of the mullite stage. Thus, the purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of the microwaves heating process variables, analyzing the influence of the applied power and of the heating rate on the mullite powders obtaining from bentonite clays. The clays have been favored and submitted to the following characterizations: chemical granulometric and mineralogically. Subsequently, the clays have been delaminated aiming deagglomeration and separation of the thinner fractions and submitted to granulometric and mineralogical characterization. The synthesis has been realized on a domestic microwaves oven. The obtained powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the applied power variation and the sintering time are fundamental on the obtaining of mullite powders. (author)

Variabilidade espacial de atributos da fertilidade de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob Sistema Plantio Direto Spatial variability of the fertility attributes of Dystropheric Red Latosol under a notillage system

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Flávio Carlos Dalchiavon

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O conhecimento da variabilidade espacial da fertilidade do solo é muito importante, principalmente, para a agricultura de precisão. Assim, durante o ano agrícola 2009/2010, no município de Selvíria (MS, no Cerrado Brasileiro, objetivou-se analisar a variabilidade espacial de atributos da fertilidade num Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob plantio direto. Foi instalada a malha de amostragem para a coleta de solo, com 120 pontos amostrais, numa área de 3,0 ha e declive homogêneo de 0,055 m m-1. Foram determinados os teores de P disponível, de matéria orgânica, valor de pH (CaCl2, teores de K+, Ca+2, Mg+2, valores de saturação por bases e por alumínio, nas profundidades de 0-0,10 m e 0,10-0,20 m. Efetuou-se a análise descritiva clássica, com auxílio do software estatístico SAS, e em seguida foram modelados semivariogramas para todos os atributos, obtendo-se as respectivas validações cruzadas e mapas de krigagens com o GS+ 7.0. As maiores variabilidades dos atributos químicos analisadas pelo coeficiente de variação ocorreram na camada de 0,10-0,20 m de profundidade do solo. Todos os atributos químicos pesquisados apresentaram dependência espacial, sendo possível mapear a área em estudo. Por representar a continuidade espacial dos semivariogramas obtidos no presente estudo, os valores dos alcances geoestatísticos recomendados para os atributos ora pesquisados deverão estar compreendidos entre 40,2 e 113,1 metros.Knowledge of the spatial variability of soil fertility is very important, especially in precision agriculture. Thus during the 2009/2010 agricultural year, in the city of Selva (MS in the Brazilian Cerrado, the objective was to analyse the spatial variability of the fertility attributes of a Dystropheric Red Latosol under a no-tillage system. A sampling grid was installed to collect soil samples, with 120 sampling points in an area of 3.0 ha and on an even slope of 0.055 m m-1. The available phosphorus content

Posibles influencias de la migración en los cambios de fecundidad

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GRACIELA SARRIBLE

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Las estadísticas de fertilidad de las mujeres nacidas en Barcelona, España, 1970-1981, se comparan con las de las mujeres migrantes (mujeres nacidas fuera de Cataluña. La relación entre migración, nupcialidad y fertilidad aparece como algo complejo. Se investigan las distintas y posibles explicaciones. La fertilidad de las mujeres migrantes no es necesariamente más alta que la de las catalanas, pero las mayores variaciones son observables entre los grupos migratorios, sugiriendo diferencias intrínsecas entre las comunidades origen. Los resultados sugieren que las mujeres que contemplan la migración tienden a retrasar el matrimonio y el parto hasta después del movimiento migratorio.

Microbiological, physical and chemical attributes of soil in the western region of São Paulo state

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Vicente, Giovana Cristina Maschio Pelagio

2010-01-01

A fertilidade e a atividade microbiana em solo têm sido utilizadas com frequencia para indicar mudanças na qualidade do solo. A atividade microbiana interage diretamente com as condições ambientais, classes de solo e diferentes sistemas de produção agrícola utilizados. Apesar dos avanços nesta área ainda é um grande desafio a definição de bons indicadores de qualidade do solo, suas interações e comportamento ao longo do tempo. Desta forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o estado atual ...

Efecto a largo plazo del consumo de Stevia rebaudiana (Magnoliopsida, Asteraceae en la fertilidad de ratones

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Juan C. Gil

2013-03-01

número de crías fue menor y significativamente diferente para los tratamientos II y III (C= 10,83±0,75; I= 11,83±1,17; II= 8,66±0,52; III= 9,17±0,98. Se concluye que el consumo a largo plazo de SrB no afectó la fertilidad de los ratones pero sí disminuyó notablemente el peso y el tamaño de los testículos. Sin embargo los niveles de testosterona y estrógenos aumentaron notablemente.

New species of the treehopper tribe Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae Novas espécies de membracídeos da tribo Amastrini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae

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Olívia Evangelista

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Three new species of Amastris Stål and one of Erosne Stål are described and illustrated. Amastris rotheai sp. nov. (Paraiba, Brazil, A. gibberula sp. nov. (Mato Grosso, Brazil, A. comarapa sp. nov. (Santa Cruz, Bolivia, and Erosne parvula sp. nov. (Paraiba, Brazil.Três novas espécies de Amastris Stål e uma de Erosne Stål são descritas e ilustradas. Amastris rotheai sp. nov. (Paraíba, Brasil, A. gibberula sp. nov. (Mato Grosso, Brasil, A. comarapa sp. nov. (Santa Cruz, Bolívia e Erosne parvula sp. nov. (Paraíba, Brasil.

Water and energy balance in the cultivated and bake soil in a montane area in Paraiba, Brazil; Balanco hidrico e de energia em solo cultivado e sem vegetacao, para as condicoes do brejo paraibano

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Lima, Jose Romualdo de Sousa

2004-02-01

In the areas of rain fed agriculture it is very important to quantify losses of water by evapotranspiration and soil evaporation. The methods used for measuring evapotranspiration and/or evaporation varies from direct measurements techniques, using lysimeters, to measurements of the water and energy balances. The precision lysimeters have high cost, being only used for research purposes. The water and energy balances methods have been very used due the simplicity, robustness and lower cost. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the water and energy balance components in the soil cultivated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) and without vegetation, besides comparing the methods used to determine the cowpea evapotranspiration. Two experiments (2002 and 2003) were performed in the 4 ha area of the Centro de Ciencias Agrarias, UFPB, municipality of Areia, Paraiba State (6 deg C 58 S, 5 deg C 41 W). To determine the energy balance, the area was instrumented with a rain gauge, a pyrano meter, a net radiometer, and sensors for measuring air temperature and humidity, and wind speed in two levels. Two locals, in the soil, were instrumented with two temperature sensors located at 2.0 cm and 8.0 cm below soil surface and one heat flux plate placed at 5.0 cm below soil surface. The measurements were recorded every 30 minutes on a data logger. To determine the water balance, three plots were installed, composed one-meter access tube for neutron probe measurements, and 8 tensiometers. The results show very good correlation between the aerodynamic method and the Bowen ration energy balance method, for all atmospherics and soil water conditions. For the two years, in average 72% of the net radiation was used by crop evapotranspiration. The energy and water balance can be used, the determine the crop evapotranspiration and soil evaporation, and regardless of the method used, the major water use by crop occurred in the reproductive stage. In the year of 2002

Contribución relativa del nitrógeno del suelo y del fijado biológicamente a la economía de la nutrición nitrogenada de maní (Arachis hypogaea L. en diferentes condiciones de fertilidad Relative contribution of biological fixed nitrogen and soil nitrogen to the nutrition economy of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. under different conditions of soil fertility

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S. Castro

2006-12-01

Full Text Available La producción de maní en Argentina se concentra en la región central de la provincia de Córdoba, la cual experimentó últimamente una pérdida importante de la productividad de los suelos y una declinación aleatoria del rendimiento de los cultivos. La contribución relativa de la fijación biológica (FBN de nitrógeno al maní en suelos de diferente fertilidad no ha sido suficientemente estudiada. Entonces, se evaluó el efecto de cepas de rizobios (TTOO2R, SEMIA 6144R y TAL 1000R sobre el rendimiento y el balance de nitrógeno de maní cultivado en suelos con alto y bajo contenido del nutriente. No hubo diferencias significativas en los parámetros simbióticos y de rendimiento del cultivo entre las cepas introducidas y las nativas, pero se observó una contribución relativa mayor de la FBN en el suelo con bajo contenido de nitrógeno (~58% de contribución que en el suelo con alto contenido (~27% de contribución. Esta comprobación del aporte relativo de la FBN asociada a la fertilidad del suelo, no registra antecedentes en la región central de Córdoba y debería recibir mayor consideración en el manejo del cultivo particularmente por su localización actual al sur de la provincia, donde los suelos presentan menores niveles de fertilidad. El rendimiento de maní confitería mostró mayores valores, si bien no significativos, con la inoculación en los 3 años del estudio.The peanut production in Argentina is concentrated in the central region of Córdoba province. At present, losses of soil fertility and a random decline peanut yield have been reported for this area. The relative contribution of biological nitrogen fixation (FBN in peanut plants cropped in soils with different fertility, has not been extensively studied. An experiment was carried out to determine the effects of rhizobia strains (TTOO2R, SEMIA 6144R and TAL 1000R on peanut crop yield and plant nitrogen balance under different conditions of soil nitrogen. The results

Efeitos da calagem na fertilidade do solo e na nutrição e produtividade da goiabeira Effects of liming on soil fertility, plant nutrition and guava yield

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William Natale

2007-12-01

Full Text Available A acidez do solo é um dos mais importantes fatores que limitam a produção em regiões tropicais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da calagem na fertilidade do solo e na nutrição e produtividade da goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.. O experimento foi realizado na Estação Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro, São Paulo, em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (V = 26 % na camada de 0-20 cm, no período de agosto/1999 a julho/2006. As doses de calcário empregadas foram: 0; 1,85; 3,71; 5,56 e 7,41 t ha-1. Durante 78 meses após aplicação do corretivo foram realizadas análises químicas de solo. Foi feita avaliação do estado nutricional e da produtividade durante cinco safras agrícolas. A calagem promoveu alteração nos atributos químicos do solo ligados à acidez, elevando o pH, Ca, Mg, soma de bases (SB e saturação por bases (V e diminuindo H + Al, até 60 cm. Os teores foliares de Ca e Mg aumentaram com as doses de calcário. As maiores produções acumuladas de frutos estiveram associadas a um valor de V de 50 % na linha e 65 % na entrelinha das goiabeiras.Soil acidity is one of the most important constraints to agricultural production in the tropics. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of soil liming on the performance of guava (Psidium guajava L. trees. The experiment took place at the Citrus Experimental Station in Bebedouro, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The soil was a Typic Haplustox (V = 26 % in the 0 to 20 cm layer between August 1999 and July 2006. The following doses of limestone were employed: 0, 1.85, 3.71, 5.56, and 7.41 t ha-1. During the 78 months after starting the experiment, soil chemical attributes were periodically examined. Over a period of five years, the guava tree leaves were analyzed for micro-and macronutrients and the fruit yield was determined. Liming improved the evaluated soil chemical attributes: pH, calcium (Ca, magnesium (Mg, BS, V, and

Efeito da calagem e da adubação fosfatada em solo ácido e de baixa fertilidade, na cultura de trigo Effect of liming and phosphate manuring on wheat cultivated in a soil of low pH and fertility

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Kozen Igue

1970-01-01

Full Text Available São apresentados resultados experimentais, em cultura de trigo (Triticum sativum, L., da aplicação de calcário e adubação fosfatada, em diferentes níveis e formas de aplicação, em Latossolo Vermelho Escuro-Orto, da Estação Experimental de Capão Bonito, de baixa fertilidade e ainda não adubado anteriormente. Mostraram-se elevados os efeitos do corretivo e do fertilizante fosfatado. A dose mínima de calcário, ou seja, 2 t/ha, provocou o mesmo efeito que a dose dupla. Com o fósforo, a produção cresceu com o aumento de fertilizante.The effect of phosphate manuring associated with liming on wheat yield was tested in an Ortho-Dark Red Latosol, at Capão Bonito Experimental Station. There was a significant response on the wheat grain yield following application of phosphorus and lime. The yield increase was positively correlated to the phosphorus concentration, but 2 t/ha or 4 t/ha of lime had similar effect. Limestone applied prior to plowing resulted in better yield than after.

Conversion of cerrado into agricultural land in the south-western Amazon: carbon stocks and soil fertility Conversão do cerrado em agricultura no sudoeste da Amazônia: estoques de carbono e fertilidade do solo

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João Luís Nunes Carvalho

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Land use change and land management practices can modify soil carbon (C dynamics and soil fertility. This study evaluated the effect of tillage systems (no-tillage - NT and conventional tillage - CT on soil C and nutrient stocks in an Oxisol from an Amazonian cerrado following land use change. The study also identified relationships between these stocks and other soil attributes. Carbon, P, K, Ca and Mg stocks, adjusted to the equivalent soil mass in the cerrado (CE, were higher under NT. After adoption of all but one of the NT treatments, C stocks were higher than they were in the other areas we considered. Correlations between C and nutrient stocks showed positive correlations with Ca and Mg under NT due to continuous liming, higher crop residue inputs and lack of soil disturbance, associated with positive correlations with cation exchange capacity (CEC, base saturation and pH. The positive correlation (r = 0.91, p Mudanças de uso da terra e práticas de manejo modificam a dinâmica do C e a fertilidade do solo. Este estudo avaliou as implicações dos sistemas de cultivo (NT e CT nos estoques de C e de nutrientes e identificou inter-relações entre estes estoques e outros atributos da fertilidade do solo em Latossolo após a mudança do uso da terra no cerrado amazônico. Os estoques de C e de nutrientes (P, K, Ca e Mg ajustados pela massa equivalente do solo sob cerrado (CE, foram maiores principalmente sob NT. Após a adoção do NT, exceto em 2NT, os estoques de C foram maiores em relação às demais áreas avaliadas. Correlações entre estoques de C e de nutrientes revelaram algumas correlações positivas com Ca e Mg nas áreas sob NT, devido ao uso continuo de calcário, à maior quantidade de resíduos culturais e ao não revolvimento do solo, associado à correlações positivas com CTC, saturação por bases e pH. A correlação positiva (r = 0,91, p < 0,05 entre estoques de C e CTC em CE indica a importante contribuição da MOS

Evaluation of the mineralogical characterization of several smectite clay deposits of the state of Paraiba, Brazil using statistical analysis of variance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gama, A.J.A.; Menezes, R.R.; Neves, G.A.; Brito, A.L.F. de

2015-01-01

Currently over 80% of industrialized bentonite clay produced in Brazil in sodium form for use in various industrial applications come from the deposits in Boa Vista - PB. Recently they were discovered new bentonite deposits situated in the municipalities of Cubati - PB, Drawn Stone - PB, Sossego - PB, and last in olive groves - PB, requiring systematic studies to develop all its industrial potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate chemical characterization several deposits of smectite clays from various regions of the state of Paraíba through the analysis of statistical variance. Chemical analysis form determined by fluorescence x-ray (EDX). Then analyzes were carried out of variance statistics and Tukey test using the statistical soft MINITAB® 17.0. The results showed that the chemical composition of bentonite clay of new deposits showed different amounts of silica, aluminum, magnesium and calcium in relation clays in Boa Vista, and clays imported. (author)

Efeito da idade sobre a fertilidade de éguas inseminadas com sêmen diluído, resfriado a 14ºC e transportado Effect of age on fertility in mares inseminated with diluted, cooled at 14ºC and transported semen

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Guilherme Ribeiro Valle

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Para estudar o efeito da idade sobre características ovulatórias e de fertilidade, 147 ciclos estrais de 99 éguas foram agrupados em classes por idade (1 - 3-6 anos; 2 - 7-10 anos; 3 - 11-14 anos; e 4 - 15-19 anos, de acordo com o ano do nascimento. As éguas foram inseminadas com sêmen diluído, resfriado e transportado de apenas um garanhão, três vezes por semana (segundas, quartas e sextas-feiras.O controle folicular, por meio da palpação retal, e a rufiação foram realizados diariamente, durante todo o período experimental. Utilizou-se, para o transporte, o sêmen diluído no diluidor de leite desnatado-glicose no conteiner "Celle" modificado, sendo a dose inseminante de 400 x 10(6 espermatozóides móveis, no momento da diluição final, pré-resfriamento. O tempo médio da coleta do sêmen à inseminação artificial foi de 3,5 horas e a temperatura final do sêmen, no momento da inseminação, de 14ºC. Não houve influência da idade sobre a velocidade de crescimento folicular e o tamanho do folículo ovulatório. A fertilidade decaiu após os 15 anos de idade, traduzida pela diminuição da taxa de concepção/ciclo e eficiência de prenhez, entretanto, não foram observadas características indicativas de senescência até os 19 anos de idade.To study the effect of age upon ovulatory and fertility traits, 147 cycles of 99 mares were grouped in different age classes (1 - 3-6 years; 2 - 7-10 years; 3 - 11-14 years, and 4 - 15-19 years, according to the year of birth. The mares were inseminated with diluted, cooled and transported semen of one stallion only, three times a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The follicular control, based on rectal palpation, and the teasing were conduced every day, during all the experimental period. For transportation the diluted semen in a skim milk-glucose extender at an insemination dose of 400 x 10(6 viable spermatozoa was used, before cooling, in the modified "Celle" container. The average

Modification of a Brazilian smectite clay with different quaternary ammonium salts

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Maria Flávia Delbem

2010-01-01

Full Text Available In this work, a smectite clay from the State of Paraiba, Brazil, was treated with six different types of ammonium salts, which is an usual method to enhance the affinity between the clay and polymer for the preparation of nanocomposites. The clays, before and after modification, were characterized by X ray diffraction. The conformation of the salts within the platelets of the clay depended on the number of long alkyl chains of the salt. The thermal stability of the clays was also studied. The ammonium salts thermal decomposition was explained in light of their position within the organoclays.

Inquiry-based laboratory and History of Science: a report about an activity using Oersted’s experiment

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José Antonio Ferreira Pinto

2017-05-01

Full Text Available This work presents an example of how to explore an historical experiment as a problem to be investigated in an inquiry-based laboratory model. The elaborated and executed purpose is one of the possibilities to insert History of Science in Science classroom. The inquiry-based experimental activity, the texts with historical approach based on modern historiography of science and teacher’s pedagogical knowledge allowed the development of argumentative skills and the comprehension of electromagnetism concepts. This study was developed with 3rd grade high school students from a public school of State of Paraiba.

The use of insulin to improve fertility of timed-inseminated postpartum suckled beef cows Uso de insulina para aumento da fertilidade de vacas de corte pós-parto lactantes inseminadas

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Augusto Schneider

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of insulin alone or in association with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG on the fertility of postpartum beef cows subjected to synchronization. A total of 340 cows was subjected to fixed time artificial insemination. In the trial 1, the cows were subjected to temporary weaning (TW, while in the trial 2 the same protocol was tested without TW. The addition of an insulin injection to a progesterone/eCG-based protocol without TW increased the pregnancy rate of beef cows with body condition score (BCS equal to or lower than 2.5. Insulin had no effect on cows submitted to TW or with BCS equal to or higher than 3.0.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar apenas o efeito da insulina ou dela em associação com gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG na fertilidade de vacas em pós-parto submetidas à sincronização. Um total de 340 vacas foi submetido à inseminação artificial em tempo fixo. No experimento 1, as vacas foram submetidas ao desmame temporário (DT, enquanto no experimento 2, o mesmo protocolo foi testado sem DT. A adição de uma injeção de insulina a um protocolo baseado em progesterona/eCG sem DT aumentou a taxa de prenhez de vacas de corte com escore de condição corporal (ECC igual ou menor que 2,5. A insulina não teve efeito em vacas submetidas a DT ou com ECC igual ou maior que 3,0.

ASPECTOS REPRODUCTIVOS EN MUJERES PORTADORAS DE MUTACIONES GENÉTICAS BRCA

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Dr. Octavio Peralta

2017-07-01

Se analizan las diferentes estrategias para preservación de la fertilidad en mujeres jóvenes portadoras de mutaciones BRCA, la reserva ovária, efecto de la quimioterapia sobre la reserva ovárica, criopreservación embrionaria y de oocitos, criopreservación de tejido ovárico, supresión ovárica y el estudio genético preimplantacional. Se concluye que las mujeres portadoras de mutaciones deben derivarse en forma oportuna a un equipo multidisciplinario de preservación de fertilidad para consejería reproductiva precoz por el alto riesgo de cáncer mamario sumado al uso de quimioterapia gonadotóxica. Las portadoras de mutaciones BRCA1 parecen tener menor reserva ovárica que las no portadoras. Los métodos de preservación de fertilidad más utilizados son la estimulación controlada de la ovulación y la criopreservación de embriones y oocitos.

Evaluation of the mineralogical characterization of several smectite clay deposits of the state of Paraiba, Brazil using statistical analysis of variance; Avaliacao da caracterizacao mineralogica de diversos depositos de argilas esmectiticas do estado da Paraiba utilizando analise estatistica de variancia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gama, A.J.A.; Menezes, R.R.; Neves, G.A.; Brito, A.L.F. de, E-mail: agama@reitoria.ufcg.edu.br [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil)

2015-07-01

Currently over 80% of industrialized bentonite clay produced in Brazil in sodium form for use in various industrial applications come from the deposits in Boa Vista - PB. Recently they were discovered new bentonite deposits situated in the municipalities of Cubati - PB, Drawn Stone - PB, Sossego - PB, and last in olive groves - PB, requiring systematic studies to develop all its industrial potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate chemical characterization several deposits of smectite clays from various regions of the state of Paraíba through the analysis of statistical variance. Chemical analysis form determined by fluorescence x-ray (EDX). Then analyzes were carried out of variance statistics and Tukey test using the statistical soft MINITAB® 17.0. The results showed that the chemical composition of bentonite clay of new deposits showed different amounts of silica, aluminum, magnesium and calcium in relation clays in Boa Vista, and clays imported. (author)

Avaliação da integridade cromatínica de espermatozóides de galos (Gallus gallus, Linnaeus, 1758 de linhagem pesada em duas idades

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Jaqueline Melo Soares

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Na avicultura, a avaliação de fertilidade em machos é de extrema importância, para garantir uma melhor produção de ovos férteis. As técnicas para avaliação de fertilidade em galos são pouco exploradas, sendo que na maioria das vezes, a avaliação é feita por amostragem e levando em consideração, apenas fatores morfofisiológicos, diretamente relacionados com o espermatozóide. Mas é sabido que, em outras espécies, além dos fatores morfofisiológicos, existem problemas intrínsecos ao espermatozóide, como a baixa compactação da cromatina, que pode levar a disturbios de fertilidade, que na maioria das vezes não são diagnosticados. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a adaptação de técnicas de avaliação da cromatina, já descritas em outras espécies, para aves de linhagem pesada (Gallus gallus, Linnaeus, 1758, correlacionando as alterações cromatínicas com as alterações morfológicas e com a fertilidade. Para tanto, sêmen de galo com diferentes níveis de fertilidade, foram utilizados em diferentes métodos para identificação de alterações na cromatina, utilizando os corantes azul de toluidina e alaranjado de acridina. As avaliações demonstraram que esfregaços de sêmen fresco de galo com posterior fixação geram artefatos que levam a alterações na forma da cabeça e na integridade da cromatina, não sendo indicados em métodos de avaliação de fertilidade. Apesar de todos os métodos testados apresentarem falhas metodológicas e um certo grau de subjetividade, o método que gerou melhores resultados foi a mistura de uma gota de sêmen conservado em formol salina e uma gota do alaranjado de acridina sobre lâmina de microscopia, com posterior secagem e observação em microscopia de fluorescência com filtro de excitação azul. Pelo método verificou-se que alterações na compactação da cromatina de espermatozóides de galo geralmente não são acompanhadas por alterações morfológicas e que geralmente

Optical dating results of beachrock, eolic dunes and sediments applied to sea-level changes study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tatumi, S.H.; Kowata, E.A.; Gozzi, G.; Kassab, L.R.P.; Suguio, K.; Barreto, A.M.F.; Bezerra, F.H.R.

2003-01-01

Quartz and feldspar crystals were selected from the samples as eolic dunes, beach-rock and marine terraces, all collected in the coast area of Paraiba State, located in northeastern Brazil, in order to obtain ages of deposition of the sediments. It is a systematic study in the area. The results of the ages will be used in local sea-level changes study and a correlation between highstands of marine oxygen-isotopes stages will be made. Optically stimulated luminescence and thermoluminescence have been measured and the regeneration method with multiple aliquot protocol was applied to obtain the paleodose values. Preliminaries ages spanning 3.2-229 kyr were evaluated

Optical dating results of beachrock, eolic dunes and sediments applied to sea-level changes study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tatumi, S.H. E-mail: tatumi@fatecsp.br; Kowata, E.A.; Gozzi, G.; Kassab, L.R.P.; Suguio, K.; Barreto, A.M.F.; Bezerra, F.H.R

2003-05-01

Quartz and feldspar crystals were selected from the samples as eolic dunes, beach-rock and marine terraces, all collected in the coast area of Paraiba State, located in northeastern Brazil, in order to obtain ages of deposition of the sediments. It is a systematic study in the area. The results of the ages will be used in local sea-level changes study and a correlation between highstands of marine oxygen-isotopes stages will be made. Optically stimulated luminescence and thermoluminescence have been measured and the regeneration method with multiple aliquot protocol was applied to obtain the paleodose values. Preliminaries ages spanning 3.2-229 kyr were evaluated.

Prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 in nursing mothers from the state of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pimenta, Flávia C F; Kashima Haddad, Simone; de Medeiros Filho, João G; Costa, Maria José C; Diniz, Margareth F M; Fernandes, Melina P; de Araújo, Lenisio B; Pombo-de-Oliveira, Maria S

2008-08-01

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus known as a direct causal agent of a malignant disease. The vertical route of HTLV transmission is the most frequent pathway of the virus contamination. This study was performed to determine the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infection among nursing women. From January 2004 to January 2005, blood samples from 1033 nursing mothers from Paraíba, Brazil were evaluated for HTLV antibodies by ELISA and HTLV-1 viral particles confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HTLV antibodies were detected in 7 women. The overall seroprevalence ratio was 0.68% and HTLV-1 viral sequences were confirmed by PCR in 2 women. These preliminary data suggest that HTLV screening should be introduced as a mandatory test before breastfeeding and breast milk donation in Paraíba, Brazil. Additionally, counseling programs would help reduce the prevalence ratio of HTLV-1 infected individuals in this Brazilian region.

Estudio fisicoquímico del suelo del sistema de andenería del centro poblado Cacra, provincia de Yauyos, Lima

OpenAIRE

Ruiz Olortino, Gean Pieer

2016-01-01

El estudio de las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos permite evaluar la fertilidad del suelo que servirá para identificar las zonas más adecuadas para determinados cultivos, conservar y mejorar la productividad del suelo. El propósito de este trabajo de investigación fue evaluar los indicadores físicos y químicos que estiman la fertilidad usando los niveles de calidad de suelos en un sistema de andenería, con la finalidad de proponer indicadores que explican la variabilidad para la ...

Purification of bentonite clays from the district of Cubati, PB, for other uses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, M.R.; Araujo, J.P.; Silva, I.A.; Cardoso, M.A.; Silva, C.D.; Neves, G.A.; Ferreira, H.C.

2012-01-01

The state of Paraiba is responsible for the increased production of crude bentonite in the country, coming from one of the largest mines of Brazil, located in Boa Vista, PB. Recently, in the regions of Cubati and Pedra Lavrada, PB, found new deposits of bentonite that could expand the state reserves. The paper aims at the characterization and development of clay purified using the techniques of screening and hydrocycloning, from bentonite clay recently discovered in the city of Cubati, PB, for various uses. The sample characterization was performed through techniques: granulometric analysis by laser diffraction, X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence and thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the samples are typical of bentonite clay, and that the purification process using only the hydrocycloning shows better results. (author)

Sincronização do estro, indução da ovulação e fertilidade de ovelhas deslanadas após tratamento hormonal com gonadotrofina coriônica eqüina

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Dias F.E.F.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Utilizou-se a sincronização do estro com esponjas vaginais de 30mg de acetato de fluorogestona durante 12 dias para avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de eCG sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas. Na retirada das esponjas as ovelhas foram divididas em três grupos para receberem 0 (n=26, 200 (n=30 ou 400UI (n=30 de eCG. O estro foi detectado a cada 12h utilizando-se um rufião. As fêmeas foram inseminadas por laparoscopia 60h após a retirada das esponjas. Realizaram-se colheitas de sangue aos 5 e 18 dias pós-inseminação para dosagem de progesterona e determinação do número de ovulações e prenhezes, respectivamente. A fertilidade foi verificada por ecografia aos 60 dias e ao parto. Das 86 ovelhas 70,9% apresentaram estro. Essa porcentagem foi maior (P<0,05 nas fêmeas tratadas com eCG: 96,7% (400UI e 76,7% (200UI versus 34,6% (0 UI. O intervalo entre o final do tratamento e o início do estro foi maior (P<0,05 no grupo sem eCG, 54,7±6,3h versus 45,9±7,8h para 200UI e 40,4±10,3h para 400UI. Verificou-se menor (P<0,05 número de ovulações e prenhezes no grupo sem eCG. A não aplicação de eCG influiu negativamente no desempenho reprodutivo de ovelhas deslanadas.

MICRONUTRIENTES NOS SOLOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA CRUZ DO SUL, RS, BRASIL

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Alcido Kirst

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar a fertilidade dos solos do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil, em relação aos micronutrientes zinco, ferro, manganês, cobre e boro, baseado nos laudos técnicos de análise de solo realizados pelo Laboratório de Solos da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, no período de 2001 a 2005. Ao todo, 3548 laudos de solo foram interpretados. As técnicas analíticas para a determinação destas variáveis seguiram a metodologia utilizada pela Rede Oficial de Laboratórios de Análises de Solos e Tecido Vegetal do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina (ROLAS. Os resultados indicaram que a avaliação da fertilidade dos solos do município apresentou altas concentrações  dos micronutrientes zinco, cobre, manganês e ferro e concentrações médias de boro, indicando adequadas condições de fertilidade para as culturas predominantes na região.

Efeitos do cycocel na fertilidade de gemas e no crescimento dos ramos de videiras cv Itália (Vitis vinifera L. Effects of cycocel on bud fertility and shoot growth of Italia grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.

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Renato Vasconcelos Botelho

2004-04-01

Full Text Available A baixa fertilidade de gemas tem sido um dos fatores limitantes da produção em vinhedos do Estado de São Paulo, estando este problema relacionado, em muitos casos, ao excesso de vigor das plantas. Neste contexto, um experimento foi conduzido em vinhedo comercial da cultivar de uva de mesa Itália, localizado no município de São Miguel Arcanjo (SP. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os ramos foram pulverizados com soluções de cycocel, nas doses de 0; 500; 1.000; 1.500; 2.000 e 2.500 mg.L-1, 60 dias após a poda. As variáveis avaliadas foram: porcentagem de gemas férteis, distribuição das gemas férteis por setor do ramo, porcentagem de gemas mortas, peso, comprimento e diâmetro de entrenós. Aplicações de cycocel aumentaram linearmente a porcentagem de gemas férteis e a proporção de gemas férteis entre a 1ª e a 5ª gema basal. Além disso, este retardador de crescimento reduziu a porcentagem de gemas mortas e o peso dos entrenós, apresentando efeito quadrático para estas variáveis.The low bud fertility has been one of the most limiting factors in vineyards at São Paulo State, and this problem has been correlated, in many cases, to the excess of plant vigor. In this context, a trial was carried out in a commercial vineyard of 'Italia' table grape, located at São Miguel Arcanjo (SP, Brazil. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks with six treatments and four replications. The vine shoots were sprayed with cycocel at 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500mg.L-1, 60 days after pruning. The variables evaluated were: percentage of fertile buds; distribution of fertile buds per shoot sector; percentage of bud necrosis; weight, length and diameter of internodes. Applications of cycocel linearly increased the percentage of bud fertility and the proportion of fertile buds between first and fifth basal buds. Furthermore, this growth regulator reduced the incidence

Aspectos psicológicos de la obesidad infantil

OpenAIRE

Remesal Cobreros, Raquel

2002-01-01

Algunas de las referencias históricas más tempranas a la obesidad apuntan a una conexión entre peso y fertilidad, la Venus de Willendorf, por ejemplo, se pensaba que era el símbolo de la fertilidad o la caracterización de una madre venerada. Esta opinión puede reflejar la antigua creencia de que el bajo peso está asociado a la infertilidad. Este pun ... to de vista cambió más tarde, como se refleja en los Tratados Hipocráticos al asociar la obesidad con irregularidades menstruales y con infer...

Educación y embarazo juvenil : más allá de la educación sexual

OpenAIRE

Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Economía; Universidad del Rosario, Programa de Divulgación Científica

2011-01-01

En el mundo se han visto reducciones importantes en las tasas de fertilidad. Esto se ve reflejado en que para la mayoría de los grupos etarios de las tasas de fertilidad han descendido o no han aumentado. Sin embargo, esto no ha sido cierto para el grupo de mujeres que están entre los 15 y los 19 años, pues en este grupo de jóvenes siguen aumentando las tasas de natalidad. ¿A qué se debe este fenómeno? Aunque la respuesta no es clara, diferentes estudios sugieren que muchos de estos embarazo...

Influência do tabagismo na fertilidade, gestação e lactação The influence of smoking on fertility, pregnancy and lactation

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Paulo Roberto Bezerra de Mello

2001-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: descrever a influência do tabagismo nas diferentes fases do processo reprodutivo, fecundação, gestação e lactação, destacando os mecanismos de ação dos principais componentes tóxicos do cigarro nestas fases. Sugerir medidas profiláticas de controle ambiental e de como reduzir a exposição da criança à fumaça do tabaco. MÉTODOS: revisão bibliográfica não sistemática sobre os temas abordados, utilizando-se da base de dados do MEDLINE. RESULTADOS: o tabagismo atua negativamente nas diferentes fases da reprodução, por ação direta de seus principais componentes tóxicos, a nicotina e o monóxido de carbono. Reduz a taxa de fertilidade, compromete a duração da gestação e o peso do concepto. Também diminui a produção de leite da nutriz fumante e o tempo de lactação, comprometendo o ganho de peso da prole, por mecanismos ainda não bem compreendidos, nos quais a prolactina pode estar envolvida. CONCLUSÕES: os efeitos do tabagismo comprometem a qualidade da função reprodutiva em diferentes fases, por atuar principalmente sobre o desenvolvimento do concepto, tanto na fase intra quanto na fase extra-uterino. Por ser um período de contato mais freqüente da mulher fumante com o profissional de saúde, a gestação e a lactação deveriam ser alvo especial de campanhas antitabágicas.OBJECTIVE: to decribe the influence of smoking on different phases of the reproductive process, fecundation, pregnancy and lactation, drawing special attention to the mechanisms of action of the main toxic components found in cigarettes. To suggest prophylactic measures for environmental control and how to reduce children's exposure to tobacco smoke. METHODS: nonsystematic literature review using MEDLINE database. RESULTS: smoking has a negative effect on different phases of the reproduction process, by direct action of main toxic components, nicotine and carbon monoxide. Smoking reduces fertility, compromises the length of

Associação micorízica em espécies arbóreas, atividade microbiana e fertilidade do solo em áreas degradadas de cerrado

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Márcia Helena Scabora

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A recuperação de áreas de obras das barragens, em especial de "áreas de empréstimos", é difícil e consiste em um processo lento, visto que toda a vegetação e a camada fértil do solo foram removidas. Intervenções nessas áreas poderiam acelerar o processo de revegetação. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a associação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA em espécies arbóreas, atividade microbiana pela respiração basal e fertilidade em áreas degradadas de cerrado. Utilizou-se solo de duas áreas, solo de pastagem e subsolo exposto. Adubações orgânica e mineral, além da calagem, foram efetuadas nas covas, visando a um melhor crescimento inicial das mudas, assim como, 50 mL de solo de cerrado preservado como inoculante de microrganismos. Mudas de 11 espécies arbóreas foram plantadas ou seja: Anadenanthera falcata (Benth. Speg. (angico-preto, Acacia polyphylla D.C. (monjoleiro, Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart. Coville (barbatimão, Dimorphandra mollis Benth (faveiro, Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (jatobá-de-cerrado, Dipteryx alata Vog. (baru, Machaerium acutifolium Vogel (jacarandá-do-campo, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (aroeira-pimenteira, Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (tingui, Lafoensia pacari St. Hil. (dedaleira e Tabebuia aurea (Manso Benth. & Hook. (ipê-amarelo. Doze meses após a instalação do experimento, amostras de raízes foram coletadas na camada de 0-0,10 m para as avaliações. O subsolo, em relação ao solo de pastagem, continuou pobre em matéria orgânica e com menor atividade microbiana. As maiores porcentagens de colonização micorrízica por FMA foram observados nas espécies Acacia polyphylla D.C. (monjoleiro, Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (tingui, Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (jatobá-de-cerrado e Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (aroeira-pimenteira. Tais espécies podem ser indicadas para projetos de revegetação em áreas degradadas de cerrado. As plantas das duas �

Influência da administração de extratos de duas plantas calcinogênicas sobre a fertilidade de ratos Effect of calcinogenic plant extracts on rat fertility

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J.R.B. Mello

1999-10-01

Full Text Available Investigou-se o efeito de extratos aquosos de Solanum malacoxylon (Sendter Solanaceae (SM (sin.: S. glaucophyllum e Nierembergia veitchii (Hook Solanaceae (NV, plantas calcinogênicas encontradas no Brasil, sobre a reprodução de ratos e sobre suas progênies. No experimento 1, ratos e ratas Wistar, em número variável conforme o grupo, receberam por via oral, durante os 40 dias anteriores ao acasalamento, extrato aquoso de ambas as plantas em dosagem equivalente à administração diária de 10,9g×kg-1 de planta seca. Os resultados foram comparados com os de um grupo tratado diariamente com vitamina D3 (3,0mg×kg-1 e com os de um grupo-controle (salina. No experimento 2, ratas prenhes receberam, por via oral, três diferentes doses dos extratos de ambas as plantas (equivalente à administração diária de 5,4; 10,9 e 21,7g×kg-1 de planta seca, durante toda a gestação. Os resultados foram comparados com três grupos tratados com vitamina D3 (0,75; 2,25 e 3,75mg×kg-1 e um grupo-controle (salina. Quando administradas antes da gestação, o ganho de peso das fêmeas e a fertilidade foram reduzidos nos grupos tratados com SM (11% e vitamina D3 (11%. No grupo tratado com NV, a fertilidade também foi reduzida (25%, mas o desenvolvimento ponderal durante o tratamento não foi afetado. Nos grupos tratados com SM e vitamina D3 anterior à gestação, o número de filhotes por ninhada foi reduzido, assim como o seu peso ao nascer. Características de desenvolvimento e desempenho físico dos filhotes não foram afetados em nenhum dos grupos. O tratamento das fêmeas com extrato aquoso de SM durante a gestação causou redução significativa e dose-dependente nas características reprodutivas estudadas. O mesmo foi observado com as fêmeas tratadas com vitamina D3. Com o extrato aquoso de NV não foram observadas reduções nas taxas reprodutivas, quando as fêmeas foram tratadas durante a gestação. Com as doses 10,9 e 21,7g×kg-1 de NV foram

Analysis of estrogenic activity in environmental waters in Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) using the yeast estrogen screen.

Science.gov (United States)

Dias, Amanda Cristina Vieira; Gomes, Frederico Wegenast; Bila, Daniele Maia; Sant'Anna, Geraldo Lippel; Dezotti, Marcia

2015-10-01

The estrogenicity of waters collected from an important hydrological system in Brazil (Paraiba do Sul and Guandu Rivers) was assessed using the yeast estrogen screen (YES) assay. Sampling was performed in rivers and at the outlets of conventional water treatment plants (WTP). The removal of estrogenic activity by ozonation and chlorination after conventional water treatment (clarification and sand filtration) was investigated employing samples of the Guandu River spiked with estrogens and bisphenol A (BPA). The results revealed a preoccupying incidence of estrogenic activity at levels higher than 1ngL(-1) along some points of the rivers. Another matter of concern was the number of samples from WTPs presenting estrogenicity surpassing 1ngL(-1). The oxidation techniques (ozonation and chlorination) were effective for the removal of estrogenic activity and the combination of both techniques led to good results using less amounts of oxidants. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fertilidad y extracción de nutrientes en la asociación maíz-pastos en suelos ácidos del piedemonte Llanero de Colombia

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Rincón Álvaro

2008-08-01

Full Text Available

En un oxisol del Centro de Investigaciones La Libertad de Corpoica, a 17 km de Villavicencio, se estableció la asociación de maíz con los pastos B. decumbens, Mulato 1 y Toledo, como medio para recobrar la productividad de una pradera degradada. Los minerales aplicados 45 días antes de la siembra fueron: Ca, 555 kg ha^-1; Mg, 88 kg ha^-1; P, 35 kg ha^-1 y S, 45 kg ha^{- 1}, utilizando como fuente cal dolomítica, roca fosfórica y yeso agrícola; al momento de la siembra se aplicaron: 31 kg ha^-1 de P, 27 de N (fuente fosfato diamónico; 37,5 de K (fuente cloruro de potasio; 3 de Zn; 0,1 de Cu; 0,5 de B y 1,2 de S (fuente borozinco. A los 15 después de la siembra (dds se aplicaron 37,5 kg ha^-1 de K. La aplicación de N se fraccionó en dosis de 100 y 200 kg ha^-1 a los 15 y 35 dds, respectivamente. Los análisis de suelos realizados después de la cosecha del maíz demostraron un mejoramiento de la fertilidad, ya que la saturación de bases aumentó de 24% inicial a 47%, el P disponible pasó de 2 ppm a 11,8 ppm, el S aumentó de 3 ppm a 6 ppm. En el momento de la cosecha, la mayor extracción de N fue la hicieron el grano de maíz y los pastos (43 y 45 kg ha^-1, respectivamente, mientras que el P se presentó en mayor concentración en el grano de maíz (12,7 kg ha^-1. Los pastos y la soca de maíz (tallos y hojas después de la cosecha se caracterizaron por un mayor contenido de K (40 y 27 kg ha^-1, respectivamente. El Ca, Mg y S fueron más extraídos por los pastos (9; 8 y 6 kg ha^-1, respectivamente; los minerales extraídos en mayor cantidad por el maíz y los pastos fueron N (91%, P (57% y K (58%, mientras que los de menor extracción fueron Ca (2,2% y Mg (16%.

Translations on Environmental Quality, Number 140

Science.gov (United States)

1977-07-05

the Hering Company of Blumenau, taking into consideration its needs for water for industrial reuse in future expansions. Other companies are also...River: completely dry. Lake Agua Preta - formed by the Doce River: completely dry. Lake Campello - formed by the Paraiba do Sul River; one of the

Análise hierárquica dos problemas existentes na produção de mel do Estado da Paraíba

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Rubênia de Oliveira Costa

2016-04-01

the state of Paraiba. As for the methodological procedures, was initially done a literature review to identify problems of honey production reported in the literature, then semi-structured interviews were conducted with specialists working in Paraiba beekeeping and listed the problems encountered in the production of honey in the state. This list has been validated by the interviewees. For the ranking of the problems we used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP. The survey results show that among the steps of the production process maintenance is the step that has more impact in the process, and that the major problems existing in Paraiba beekeeping are the proximity of the apiary to livestock and horse, the lack of management of supers, lack of hygiene during honey processing process, lack of flowering calendar and the poor location of the apiary.

Lethal Zika Virus Disease Models in Young and Older Interferon α/β Receptor Knock Out Mice

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Andrea Marzi

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The common small animal disease models for Zika virus (ZIKV are mice lacking the interferon responses, but infection of interferon receptor α/β knock out (IFNAR−/− mice is not uniformly lethal particularly in older animals. Here we sought to advance this model in regard to lethality for future countermeasure efficacy testing against more recent ZIKV strains from the Asian lineage, preferably the American sublineage. We first infected IFNAR−/− mice subcutaneously with the contemporary ZIKV-Paraiba strain resulting in predominantly neurological disease with ~50% lethality. Infection with ZIKV-Paraiba by different routes established a uniformly lethal model only in young mice (4-week old upon intraperitoneal infection. However, intraperitoneal inoculation of ZIKV-French Polynesia resulted in uniform lethality in older IFNAR−/− mice (10–12-weeks old. In conclusion, we have established uniformly lethal mouse disease models for efficacy testing of antivirals and vaccines against recent ZIKV strains representing the Asian lineage.

Reggae in the Land of Forró: Dialogues, Interpenetrations and Conflicts

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Iztok Mervič

2016-10-01

Full Text Available This article presents the current reggae scene in Paraíba in northeastern Brazil. Throughout the study, Paraíba was characterized many times as "the land of forró" in respect to the popularity and dominance of this musical genre played and appreciated in the region of our study. Compared to other neighboring states in Northeast Brazil, reggae in Paraíba does not enjoy the same level of popularity, although reggae bands do exist and frequently perform in a few locations in the region. This article addresses the causes of the challenges faced by reggae in Paraiba that were identified in the ethnographic study and includes a small reflection on the dynamics of these issues.

AVALIAÇÃO DA RESISTÊNCIA EM POPULAÇÃO F3 ORIUNDA DO CRUZAMENTO CNC-0434 X IPA-206 DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI AO MOSAICO SEVERO

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ERLEN KEILA CANDIDO E SILVA

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In the Northeastern part of Brazil, the mosaics caused by viruses, emerge as the most important diseases for the cowpea, thus becoming a limiting factor of production. Genetic resistance has been considered as the best alternative of controlling Cowpea severe mosaic virus. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the F3 population behavior developed for the resistance against different isolated CPSMV collected from different areas of cultivation. Leaf samples presenting cowpea mosaic symptoms were collected from plantations from the states of Pernambuco and Paraiba. There was inoculation on susceptible cultivars of cowpea kept in house vegetation. The isolates were also diagnosed by reactions RT-PCR using specific primers. Of the 185 F3 plants inoculated 183 plants were resistant to different isolates of CPSMV.

Organophilization and characterization of commercial bentonite clays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cunha, B.B. da; Lima, J.C.C.; Alves, A.M.; Araujo, E.M.; Melo, T.J.A. de

2012-01-01

Bentonite clay is a plastic changes resulting from volcanic ash, consisting mostly of montmorillonite. The state of Paraiba is a major source of bentonite clay from Brazil, where the main oil fields are located in Boa Vista and represents the largest national production of raw and beneficiated bentonite. Aimed at the commercial value of this type of clay and its high applicability in the polls, this article aims to make a comparison between two kinds of clay, a national (Brasgel) and other imported (Cloisite) from organophilization of two commercial bentonite, ionic surfactant with Praepagem WB, and characterize them by XRD, FTIR and TG / DTG. We observe that despite getting inferior properties, the clay presents national values very similar to those presented by imported clay. (author)

Evaluation of the behavior of Brazilian bentonite clays with different quantity of quaternary ammonium salt

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barbosa, Renata; Souza, Dayanne Diniz; Araujo, Edcleide Maria; Nobrega, Karine Castro; Melo, Tomas Jeferson Alves

2009-01-01

Paraiba is the main natural bentonite producing state of Brazil. Besides the advantage of abundance of bentonite clays, its transformation in organoclay is a simple method and there is only little study about the commercialization of Brazilian organoclays. In this work, Brazilian bentonite clay was organophilized with different quantity of a quaternary ammonium salt, such as 100, 125 and 150 wt.% in relation to Cationic Exchange Capacity (CEC) of the clay. The clays were characterized by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetry (TG) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). It was observed that with increasing amount of salt the degree of dispersion of the clay increased, leading in some cases to the delamination of the clay layers and its loss of thermal stability. (author)

Compressed natural gas as a vehicle to promote development of consumer market in Campina Grande - PB (Brazil); O gas natural comprimido como fomentador do desenvolvimento do mercado consumidor de gas natural na regiao de Campina Grande - PB

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonfim, Marcelo dos Santos; Santos, Edmilson Moutinho dos [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia. Programa Interunidades de Pos-Graduacao em Energia (PIPGE)

2004-07-01

Investments required for natural gas distribution networks are high. The use of compressed natural gas (CNG) is seen as a way to prepare and develop consuming markets to receive those networks. This paper outlines the socio-economic context and the reasons that motivated the creation of a CNG project in Campina Grande, in the state of Paraiba. Technical aspects of project implementation are described, including difficulties encountered and courses of action undertaken as a result. Other aspects considered include the social and economic impact and local consumer's expectations with the arrival of new fuel. The study also considers factors relevant to the project such as the distance from the pressure measurement and regulation station, transported volumes, technology used, infrastructure and road conditions. (author)

A Revision of the Argyritarsis Section of the Subgenus Nyssorhynchus of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae)

Science.gov (United States)

1988-01-01

genero Nyssorhynchus, corn especial referencia a morfologia dos ovos. Rev. Biol. Hyg. 9:51- 60. 1938b. Observacoes sobre o ciclo evolutivo de Anopheles...Vale do Paraiba. Nova variedade e ciclo evolutivo do Anofeles (Nyssorhynchus) osvaldoi var. ayrozai n. var. Ann. Paul. Med. Cir. 40:377-392. 1940b

Argyritarsis Section of the Subgenus Nyssorhynchus of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae). Revision

Science.gov (United States)

1988-01-01

Nyssorhynchus, corn especial referencia a morfologia dos ovos. Rev. Biol. Hyg. 9:51- 60. 1938b. Observacoes sobre o ciclo evolutivo de Anopheles oswaldoi...Anofelinos do Vale do Paraiba. Nova variedade e ciclo evolutivo do Anofeles (Nyssorhynchus) osvaldoi var. ayrozai n. var. Ann. Paul. Med. Cir. 40:377

Medicamentos como posible factor asociado a la infertilidad masculina

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Campos Martínez B.

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Revisión sistemática de las fichas técnicas (apartados 4.6 y 5.3 de los medicamentos más consumidos en España, según el Sistema Nacional de Salud, y revisión bibliográfica a través de PubMed, según un patrón de búsqueda estándar, con respecto a la influencia de éstos sobre la fertilidad masculina. Como resultado a esto nos encontramos con que de 29 principios activos estudiados, 15 no presentan datos referentes a la fertilidad masculina en su ficha técnica, para 18 no se recuperó información al respecto en la búsqueda en PubMed y 9 no disponen de material de información que provenga de ninguna de las dos fuentes de las que utilizamos. En 3 medicamentos los resultados de las dos fuentes coinciden y en 2 encontramos discrepancias. En 13 de los 29 fármacos estudiados se ha encontrado información de efectos adversos sobre la fertilidad masculina en alguna de las 2 fuentes de información revisadas. Se demuestra con esto una falta de información clara, concisa y contrastada.

Perdas de solo e água por erosão hídrica influenciadas por métodos de preparo, classes de declive e níveis de fertilidade do solo Soil and water losses by rainfall erosion influenced by tillage methods, slope-steepness classes, and soil fertility levels

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N. P. Cogo

2003-08-01

Full Text Available A erosão é a forma mais prejudicial de degradação do solo. Além de reduzir sua capacidade produtiva para as culturas, ela pode causar sérios danos ambientais, como assoreamento e poluição das fontes de água. Contudo, usando adequados sistemas de manejo do solo e bem planejadas práticas conservacionistas de suporte, os problemas de erosão podem ser satisfatoriamente resolvidos. Com o propósito de obter informações quantitativas sobre o assunto, para servirem de guia nos planejamentos conservacionistas de uso da terra, realizou-se um experimento de erosão sob chuva natural, em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico textura muito argilosa, no município de Santo Ângelo, região das Missões (RS, de dezembro de 1994 a maio de 1996, objetivando quantificar as perdas de solo e água causadas por erosão hídrica. Os tratamentos consistiram dos métodos de preparo do solo convencional, reduzido e semeadura direta, avaliados sob as condições "solo com fertilidade corrigida" nas classes de declividade de 0-0,04; 0,04-0,08 e 0,08-0,12 m m-1 (com gradientes médios de, respectivamente, 0,035; 0,065 e 0,095 m m-1 e "solo com fertilidade atual" na classe de declividade de 0,04-0,08 m m-1. As operações de preparo do solo e semeadura foram efetuadas todas transversalmente ao declive, exceto para o tratamento-testemunha (preparo convencional, sem cultivo, continuamente descoberto e sem crosta, no qual as operações de aração e gradagem foram realizadas no sentido do declive. A seqüência de culturas utilizada na avaliação da erosão foi constituída de dois ciclos culturais de soja (Glycine max, L., no período de primavera-verão de 1994/95 e 1995/96, e um de aveia preta (Avena strigosa, S., no período de outono-inverno de 1995. O índice de erosividade das chuvas (EI30 calculado no período experimental (1,5 ano foi de 10.236 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 e concentrou-se, repetidamente, em 1995 e 1996, nos meses de janeiro a março, perfazendo

Tabela de vida de fertilidade de Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae em Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch e Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae Fertility life table of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae in Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae

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Robson José da Silva

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Avaliar o potencial de crescimento de Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson é importante para seu uso em programas de controle biológico de pulgões. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a tabela de vida de fertilidade de L. testaceipes em Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch e Aphis gossypii Glover. Na avaliação da mortalidade de imaturos, do desenvolvimento e da razão sexual foram utilizadas 12 fêmeas do parasitóide e 480 ninfas de cada pulgão testado. Na avaliação da longevidade e da fertilidade foram utilizadas 15 fêmeas do parasitóide e uma colônia por dia de cada pulgão, até a morte da fêmea do parasitóide, sendo 300 (1º dia; 250 (2º dia; 200 (3º dia; 150 (4º dia; 100 (5º dia e 50 ninfas nos demais dias. L. testaceipes apresentou taxas de mortalidade de imaturos de 5,6% em R. maidis e de 9,2% em A. gossypii, desenvolvimento de 10,2 e 10,1 dias e razão sexual de 0,71 e 0,66, respectivamente. L. testaceipes apresentou fecundidade de 498,2 ovos em R. maidis e de 327,8 ovos em A. gossypii. Os parâmetros de crescimento de L. testaceipes em R. maidis e A. gossypii foram, respectivamente, R O= 205,38 e 164,08 fêmeas; r m= 0,449 e 0,431 fêmeas/fêmeas/dia; lambda = 1,57 e 1,54 fêmeas/dia; T= 11,86 e 11,83 dias e TD= 10,78 e 11,27 dias. L. testaceipes apresenta alto potencial de crescimento em R. maidis e A. gossypii. R. maidis mostrou ser hospedeiro adequado aos propósitos de criação massal e utilização em sistema de criação aberta para L. testaceipes.The evaluation of the growth potential of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson is important for its use in biological control programs of aphids. This work aimed to evaluate the fertility life table of L. testaceipes in Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch and Aphis gossypii Glover. To determine the immature mortality, development and the sex ratio of the parasitoid, 12 females parasitoid, and 480 nymphs of each aphids were used. To evaluate the longevity and fertility 15 female

Gêneros digitais: expandindo a comunicação no Movimento Negro da Paraíba

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Mirian Mirian de Albuquerque Aquino Aquino

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Resumo: Investigar como o Movimento Negro do Estado da Paraíba se apropria dos gêneros digitais (e-mail, blog, redes sociais e etc. e usa-os na perspectiva de disseminar a informação étnico-racial é o objetivo deste trabalho. Entendemos que os gêneros digitais podem ser utilizados como um canal de comunicação e disseminação dessa informação para os grupos negros sociais e racialmente invisibilizados na atual sociedade da informação-conhecimento-aprendizagem, onde o preconceito, a discriminação e o racismo fazem parte do seu cotidiano. A abordagem qualitativa caracteriza-se como pesquisa interpretativa com potencial descritivo e exploratório. A pesquisa bibliográfica serviu para discutirmos sobre os conceitos, a construção das categorias teóricas e o discurso do sujeito coletivo. O universo da pesquisa foi o Movimento Negro Organizado da Paraíba e os sujeitos/participantes foram quatro integrantes vinculados ao Núcleo de Estudantes Negras e Negros da UFPB e a Organização de Mulheres Negras na Paraíba. Utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento para a coleta dos dados cuja análise recorremos a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC que tem por base a Semiótica de Pierce e a Teoria das Representações Sociais. Os resultados mostraram que a ferramenta mais utilizada pelo MNOPB para veicular as informações é o e-mail. O uso do blog está associado à comunicação da informação étnico-racial apreendida pelo grupo. DIGITAL GENRES: EXPANDING COMMUNICATION IN THE BLACK MOVEMENT OF PARAIBA Abstract: Investigate how the Black Movement of Paraiba State appropriates gender digital (email, blog, social networks and so on. And uses them in view of disseminating information étnico-raciais is the goal of this work. It is understood that these digital genres can be used as a channel of communication and dissemination of such information to the socially invisible, in the current information society

Chemical and physical fertility indicators of a weakly-structured Ultisol after liming and mulching Indicadores de fertilidade de um Argissolo estruturalmente frágil sob efeito da calagem e da cobertura morta

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Emanoel Gomes de Moura

2009-12-01

Full Text Available In the humid tropic, chemical and physical soil properties that decrease soil's nutrient availability and increase oxygen deficiency are important as restrictions to crop growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relations between plant growth and chemical and physical fertility indicators of an Ultisol developed from sediments of the Itapecuru Formation in Central-Northern state of Maranhão, Brazil. An experiment was established with randomized block design, four replicates, and six treatments: 6.0 Mg ha-1 mulch with or without liming; 3.0 Mg ha-1 mulch with or without liming; bare soil with or without liming. Determinations in the plants included leaf area index, net assimilation rate, and the yield parameters: mean number and weight of ears, 100-kernel weight, harvest index, and total grain yield. Soil determinations consisted of bulk density variations on the surface and at 20 cm, effective porosity evolution after intentional flooding, and alterations in chemical indicators such as cation exchange capacity, bases saturation, organic carbon, and macronutrient contents. Mulching and liming were equivalent with regard to their influence on leaf area yield, but mulching was more important for corn productivity because of its greater effect on net photosynthesis.No trópico úmido, os indicadores químicos e físicos, que diminuem a disponibilidade de nutrientes e aumentam a deficiência de oxigênio dos solos, são importantes para diagnosticar restrições ao crescimento das culturas. Avaliaram-se as relações entre o crescimento das plantas e os principais indicadores físicos e químicos da fertilidade de um Argissolo desenvolvido em sedimentos da Formação Itapecuru, no Centro-Norte do Maranhão. O experimento foi instalado em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e seis tratamentos: 6,0 Mg ha-1 de cobertura morta com e sem calagem; 3,0 Mg ha-1 de cobertura morta com e sem calagem; solo descoberto com e sem calagem

EFFECT OF TIMING OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ON THE FERTILITY AND SEX RATIO IN NELORE HEIFERS INFLUÊNCIA DO MOMENTO DA INSEMINAÇÃO ARTIFICIAL SOBRE A FERTILIDADE E O SEXO DA CRIA DE NOVILHAS DA RAÇA NELORE

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José Ricardo Almeida de Andrade

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of timing of artificial insemination on the fertility and calf sex ratio in Nelore heifers (n = 200 submitted a protocol of timed artificial insemination (TAI.  The heifers, distributed into five groups (GC, GT6, GT12, GT18 and GT24, presented a mean of 2.5 years old and 342 Kg of body weight. The inseminations were performed in the moments 0 (GC, 6 (GT6, 12 (GT12, 18 (GT18 and 24 (GT24 hours after the injection of GnRH. The conception rates were 87.5% (GC, 82.5% (GT6, 77.5% (GT12, 85.0% (GT18 and 77.5% (GT24. There was no statistical difference (p>0.05 in the conception rates between the five treatments. The percentage of calved males was 38.2% (GC, 48.5% (GT6, 45.2% (GT12, 55.9% (GT18 and 58.6% (GT24. The male/female ratio was 0.62 (GC, 0.94 (GT6, 0.82 (GT12, 1.27 (GT18 and 1.42 (GT24. Statistical difference was found (p<0.05 in the male/female ratio between the five treatments. The timing of artificial insemination has influence on the sex ratio, showing an increase in the proportion of calved males when the insemination is progressively delayed. Within of the measured interval of time (0-24h after GnRH, the fertility of Nelore heifers is not influenced by the moment of the artificial insemination.

KEY WORDS: Beef cattle, management, pregnancy test, ultrasound, sexing. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do momento da inseminação artificial (IA sobre a fertilidade e a proporção do sexo da cria de novilhas da raça Nelore (n = 200 submetidas a protocolo de IATF. As novilhas, distribuídas em cinco tratamentos (GC, GT6, GT12, GT18 e GT24, apresentavam idade média de 2,5 anos e peso médio de 342 kg. Realizaram-se as inseminações nos momentos 0 (GC, 6 (GT6, 12 (GT12, 18 (GT18 e 24 (GT24 horas após a aplicação do GnRH. As taxas de concepção foram de 87,5% (GC, 82,5% (GT6, 77,5% (GT12, 85,0% (GT18 e de 77,5% (GT24. Não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05 entre as taxas de

Impactos da invasão de Prosopis juliflora (sw. DC. (Fabaceae sobre o estrato arbustivo-arbóreo em áreas de Caatinga no Estado da Paraíba, Brasil - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i3.4535 Impact of the invasion of Prosopis juliflora (Sw. DC. (Fabaceae in areas of Caatinga in the state of Paraiba, Brazil - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i3.4535

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Juliano Ricardo Fabricante

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Estima-se que as áreas invadidas por algaroba – Prosopis juliflora (Sw. DC. (Fabaceae no semi-árido nordestino já ultrapassam um milhão de hectares. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar os impactos da invasão de P. juliflora sobre a fitodiversidade e a estrutura do componente arbustivo-arbóreo, em remanescentes de caatinga no Estado da Paraíba. Usando-se o método de parcelas, foram amostrados quatro ambientes, nos quais os indivíduos de todas as espécies arbustivas e arbóreas foram inventariados e medidos, estimando-se os parâmetros estruturais das comunidades. Também foi calculada a diversidade, pelo índice de Shannon-Wiener (H’ e o índice de impacto ambiental de exóticas (IIAE. No total, foram amostradas 19 famílias, 35 gêneros e 39 espécies. A invasora foi responsável por mais de 70% de toda a estrutura dos ambientes inventariados. A baixa diversidade e o elevado valor de impacto ambiental obtidos para os ambientes invadidos revelaram, conjuntamente com os dados de estrutura das populações, os graves impactos que P. juliflora provoca nas comunidades invadidas. Evidencia-se com isso a formação de sistemas monodominados pela espécie invasora, o que revela a necessidade de controle efetivo de P. juliflora para se proteger o patrimônio genético autóctone.It is estimated that invader populations of algaroba Prosopis juliflora (Sw. DC. (Fabaceae in the northeastern semi-arid, Brazil, cover more than one million ha. This study aimed to study the impacts of P. juliflora invasion on phytodiversity and on the structure of the shrub-tree component in caatinga fragments in Paraiba state. Four environments were sampled by plots in which all shrub-tree individuals were surveyed and measured, estimating structural parameters of the communities. Diversity was estimated by the Shannon-Wiener index (H', and the index of environmental impacts of exotic species (IIAE was also calculated. A total of 19 families, 35 genera and 39

Estoque de serapilheira e fertilidade do solo em pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens após implantação de leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras Soil litter stock and fertility after planting leguminous shrubs and forage trees on degraded signal grass pasture

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André Barbosa Silva

2013-04-01

Full Text Available As pastagens formam a base da pecuária brasileira; essas sofrem degradação em larga escala por deficiência de nitrogênio (N. O consórcio com leguminosas, além de fixar N, pode apresentar outros efeitos na fertilidade do solo como acidificação ou retirada de nutrientes de camadas mais profundas para as mais superficiais. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o estoque de serapilheira e a fertilidade do solo em pastagens degradadas de braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens, após implantar leguminosas arbustivas e arbóreas forrageiras. Para isso, uma amostragem foi realizada em março de 2010 em um experimento no campo, introduzindo pastagem degradada de Brachiaria decumbens, em julho de 2008, com sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, leucena (Leucaena leucocephala, mororó (Bauhinia cheilantha e gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium, além de braquiária adubada e não adubada com N. As amostras de solo e serapilheira foram coletadas aos 0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm de profundidade, em três transectos, alternando pontos cobertos por gramíneas e leguminosas, totalizando sete amostras compostas por parcela para determinar pH, P, K, Ca, Mg e Al no solo, enquanto SB, t e m foram calculados. A serapilheira foi separada visualmente em leguminosas, gramíneas e materiais não identificados, em que foram utilizados para quantificação de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, N, P, C, fibra detergente ácido e lignina. A introdução das leguminosas aumentou os teores de N total na serapilheira e reduziu as relações C:N, com destaque para gliricídia e sabiá; entretanto, essa última apresentou elevados teores de lignina. Houve efeito significativo da cobertura por leguminosas, sem diferenças entre essas, para pH e K, na profundidade de 0-10 cm, e para Al e m, aos 10-20 cm de profundidade.Pastures are the fodder supply of Brazilian livestock, and are exhaustively degraded by nitrogen (N deficiency. Intercropping with legumes, aside from nitrogen fixation, may have

Evaluation of process variables in obtaining of organo clays; Avaliacao das variaveis de processo na obtencao de argilas organofilicas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa, D.L.; Cardoso, M.A.F.; Ferreira, H.S.; Neves, G.A.; Ferreira, H.C. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (CCT/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Centro de Ciencais e Tecnologia. Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais], e-mail: danubialisboa@gmail.com

2008-07-01

The Paraiba state is the greater producing of bentonite in Brazil, for several industrial uses. In this production the Na{sup +} bentonite are distinguished, that when treated with ionic surfactants are used in based oil drilling fluids. The national production of organoclays for based oil drilling fluids is very poor, so this product is imported by PETROBRAS, from America. This present work has as objective the study of involved basic organofilization variable process such as: speed of agitation, temperature and time of cure preparation of organoclays, using bentonite clays Brasgel PA and Cloisite NA{sup +}, later treated with the ionic surfactant Praepagem WB. Organoclays had been characterized by X-ray and swell of Foster to determine the organoclays compatibility with the oil ways and to correlate the variable studied with the gotten results. (author)

Use of organophilic clays in purification of oily wastewater; Uso de argilas organofilicas na purificacao de efluentes oleosos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silva, A.A. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Engenharia de Processos], email: adriana_anp@yahoo.com.br; Pereira, K.R de O.; Wiebeck, H.; Valenzuela-Diaz, F.R. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (EPUSP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais; Rodrigues, M. G.F. [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). CCT. Dept. de Engenharia Quimica

2006-07-01

Water mixed with oil is produced in great volume in industrial processes and in petroleum refineries. This mixture must be treated to return to environment or can be reused in the same process. The refine of this water is expensive and presents a difficult execution. The process of separation of oil in water used organophilic clays can be a new option. In this work, the process of preparation of organophilic clays using smectitic clay polycationic and a industrial sodium bentonite both from Paraiba State, Brazil is described. The samples were characterized by two techniques: X-ray Diffraction and Thermal Analysis. After preparation of the organophilic clays it was determined theirs swelling in organic solvents and oil adsorption capacity. The organophilic clays presented higher capacity of oil adsorption when compared to activated carbon. (author)

Water and vegetation indices by using MODIS products for eucalyptus, pasture, and natural ecosystems in the eastern São Paulo state, Southeast Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

de C. Teixeira, Antônio H.; Leivas, Janice F.; Ronquim, Carlos C.; Garçon, Edlene A. M.; Bayma-Silva, Gustavo

2017-10-01

Eucalyptus (Ec) and pasture (Pt) are expanding while natural vegetation (Nv) are losing space in the Paraíba Valley, eastern side of the São Paulo state, Southeast Brazil. For quantification of water and vegetation conditions, the MODIS product MOD13Q1 was used together with a net of weather stations and vegetation land masks during the year 2015. The SAFER algorithm was applied to retrieve the actual evapotranspiration (ET), which was combined with the Monteith's radiation use efficiency (RUE) model to estimate the biomass production (BIO). Three moisture indices were applied, the climatic water balance ratio (WBr), the ratio of precipitation (P) to ET, the water balance deficit (WBd), the difference between P and ET, and the evapotranspiration ratio (ETr), the ratio of ET to the reference evapotranspiration (ET0). On the one hand, the highest ET rates for the Ec ecosystem should be a negative aspect under water scarcity conditions; however, it presented the best water productivity. Although the Ec ecosystem presenting the lowest WBr and WBd values, it had the highest ETr, averaging 0.92, when comparing to those for Nv (0.88) and Pt (0.79). These results indicated that eucalyptus plants have greater ability of conserving soil moisture in their root zones, increasing WP, when comparing with Pt and Nv ecosystems. These water relationships are relevant issues under the land-use change conditions in the Paraiba Valley, confirming the suitability of using the MODIS products together with weather stations to study the ecosystem dynamics.

INTERNATIONALIZATION ON THE SUGAR-ALCOHOL SECTOR IN THE NORTHEAST

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Edjackson Marques Ferreira

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the present work is to analyze how companies on the sugar- alcohol sector in the Northeast are internationalizing their production. Six theories were selected to guide the analyses undertaken: Life Cicle, Uppsala, Adaptive Choice, Eclectic Paradigm, Resourcebased View and Diamond Model. The research strategy was the case study and the data was gathered through sectorial documents and semi-structured interviews. The Atlas/ti software aided the data analysis. As a result, evidence was made that there is a strong and decisive presence of location and internal resources aspects, underlined in the Diamond Model, the Eclectic Paradigm and the Resource-based View as fundamental in the internationalization of the activities of companies from Paraiba. The formation of a strong internal network, adopted by the Network Theory, also showed its importance. The other theories under analysis became less applicable, mainly due to the nature of the sugar-ethanol sector in Paraiba, which exports indirectly, and to the fact that their products are highly standardized.

Variabilidade horizontal da fertilidade do solo de uma unidade de amostragem em sistema plantio direto Horizontal variability of soil fertility in a sampling unit under no-till system

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V. H. Alvarez V.

2003-04-01

Full Text Available A coleta de amostras de solo com trado é mais simples e rápida do que com a pá de corte, sendo esta, freqüentemente, utilizada no sistema plantio direto para amostragem e determinação da fertilidade média do solo. Com o objetivo de comparar dois sistemas de amostragem localizada do solo (pá de corte ou trado de caneca quanto à variabilidade horizontal de características químicas, determinar o número de unidades de amostra necessário à formação de uma amostra representativa da unidade de amostragem e demonstrar que a análise da amostra composta apresenta iguais resultados aos obtidos pelas médias aritméticas das análises das amostras simples, realizou-se um estudo em área há 15 anos sob sistema plantio direto. Os sistemas de amostragem localizada foram: pá de corte (24 amostras simples coletadas perpendicularmente ao sulco de plantio e no espaço compreendido entre os pontos médios entre sulcos e trado (20 amostras simples coletadas no sulco de plantio (Ts, 20 amostras simples coletadas lateralmente a 10 cm do sulco (T10 e 20 amostras simples coletadas a 40 cm do sulco (T40. Subamostras representativas das amostras simples foram misturadas, visando à formação de amostras compostas, tanto para pá de corte quanto para trado. Nas amostras simples e compostas foram determinados os teores de P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+ e os valores de pH, H + Al e P-rem. Foram calculadas as médias das determinações das amostras simples e das compostas, os desvios-padrão e os coeficientes de variação, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste t de Student. Foi também calculado o número de amostras simples necessário à formação de uma amostra composta, para os dois sistemas de amostragem. Os resultados mostraram que apenas os teores de K e Mg2+ e os valores de H + Al diferiram de um método de amostragem para outro. Na amostragem com trado de caneca, a variabilidade de todas as características avaliadas foi maior do que na amostragem

Eficiência de extratores de potássio disponível em solos do estado da Paraíba com graus de desenvolvimento pedogenético diferentes Efficiency of available potassium extractants in soils of Paraiba State with different degrees of pedogenetic development

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Jailma dos Santos de Medeiros

2010-02-01

ássica.Potassium availability for plants depends on the contents of the K forms present in the soils (non exchangeable, exchangeable and soluble K, which vary according to the degree of pedogenetic development of soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate K availability in soils with different degrees of pedogenetic development, based on the extraction of K from the soils with different extractants and with corn plants. Samples of the surface layer (0-30 cm were collected from 12 representative soils in the state of Paraiba, of which six were more and six less developed. To the three replications of all 12 soils, five K doses (0; 50; 100; 200, and 300 mg dm-3 were applied in the form of KCl in solution and incubated for 21 days. Following, a sub-sample of 0.2 dm-3 of each soil was taken to determine the content of available K by the extractors Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and ion exchange resin. Then, corn was grown on the soils in a greenhouse for 30 days and the dry matter production and K plant content evaluated. The extractants Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 and ion exchange resin extracted similar K amounts in the more developed soils. In the group of less developed soils, the extractants Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3 extracted not very different K amounts, but much greater amounts than by ion exchange resin, especially in the soils with higher clay content and a larger proportion of 2:1 minerals. Unlike the extractants Mehlich-1 and Mehlich-3, ion exchange resin was not well-related with the exchangeable K content in the less developed soils. In this soil group, Mehlich-1 correlated best with the plant K content. In most soils the dry matter production of the plant did not increase with increasing K doses, but in all soils the K plant content increased in response to K fertilization.

Monozygotic Twin Pregnancy Associated with In Vitro Fertilization: Report and Revision of Three Cases Presented in a Clinic at 10,925 Feet Above Sea Level.

Science.gov (United States)

Tominaga, Luis Vargas; Cáceres, Ricardo Pella; Lechuga, Alberto Vargas; Durán, Livia Bartolo; Vargas, Mariela Serrano

2015-08-01

3 cases of monozygotic twin pregnancies associated with IVF presented at Centro de Fertilidad y Ginecología del Sur. In this study, we describe the cases and review the literature, noting possible related factors.

Spatial variability of soil fertility in a block design Variabilidad espacial de fertilidad química del suelo en un diseño de bloques Variabilidade espacial da fertilidade química do solo num delineamento em blocos

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María de las Mercedes Ron

2011-11-01

Full Text Available

In the characterization of the initial state of a long-term experiment (ELD under no-till, we hypothesized that there are horizontal and vertical fertility gradients in the topsoil. The objective of this paper is to describe and to quantify those variations in a block design wheat fertilization experiment in the field of the National University of the South (UNS, Argentina. In a slightly inclined field 4 blocks were located across the slope. Soil depth was 80 cm at the top and increased downward to 100 cm. The soil was classified as a Petrocalcic Paleustoll, thermic coarse loam. Composite samples of each block were taken at the depths of 0-6, 0-12, and 0-20 cm. They were air-dried and sieved through 2 000 µm. Determinations were: pH; electrical conductivity (CE; cation exchange capacity (CIC; exchangeable cations: calcium (Ca_int, magnesium (Mg_int, potassium (K_int and sodium (Na_int; extractable nutrients: phosphorus (P_BK, sulphur (S-SO₄^2-, boron (B_ext, iron (Fe_ext, manganese (Mn_ext, copper (Cu_ext and zinc (Zn_ext. In samples sieved through 500 µm total organic carbon (COT and nitrogen (N_ot were determined. Walkley & Black (W-B was used for analysis of easily oxidizable organic carbon (COX₂₄, lower H₂SO₄ concentrations of 12 and 18 N were used for further determinations (COX₁₂ and COX₁₈. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test for paired means and regressions. Soil organic carbon variables and oxidation factor for W-B were consistent with low intensity use of native grasses in the plot selected as a starting point for the ELD. The range of pH values (7.3-8.0 reflected base saturation, with ideal levels of Ca_int, Mg_int and K_int. Nutrient availability was high for S-SO₄^2-, B

Avaliação agronômica de cultivares de videiras apirenas na região de Jaíba, Minas Gerais

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Nelson Pires Feldberg

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Atualmente, há interesse crescente no cultivo de cultivares de uvas apirenas no Brasil, devido ao aumento na demanda e ao alto valor recebido pelos seus frutos, além da possibilidade de produção em épocas de pouca oferta no mercado mundial. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de introduzir e avaliar o desempenho agronômico das cultivares Catalunha, Sultanina, Crimson Seedless e Superior Seedless enxertadas sobre 'IAC 572 Jales'. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da EPAMIG, em Mocambinho, distrito de Jaíba-MG, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete repetições. Foram analisados a fertilidade de gemas, o número e a massa de cachos, e o número e a massa de ramos. O ciclo, da poda à colheita dos cachos, foi de 97 dias para 'Superior Seedless', 104 dias para 'Sultanina', 106 dias para 'Catalunha' e 125 dias para 'Crimson Seedless'. As melhores produtividades foram obtidas nas safras com podas realizadas no primeiro semestre de cada ano, para todas as cultivares. 'Catalunha' apresentou os melhores resultados quanto ao número de cachos por planta e fertilidade de gemas, atingindo produtividade média de 19,0t/ha/ano. A cultivar Catalunha pode ser indicada para o cultivo em Jaíba-MG, sendo, entretanto, necessários novos estudos de manejo para o aumento da fertilidade de gemas de 'Crimson Seedless', 'Sultanina' e 'Superior Seedless'.

Intimacy, migration, and cultural change: Latinos and American Fertility

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Emmanuel Alvarado

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo examina la relación entre los patrones de fertilidad en Estados Unidos y la inmigración hispana a dicho país considerando el impacto de la globalización económica, política y cultural en la transformación de las relaciones de pareja, la intimidad y la reproducción. Se argumenta que los patrones de fecundidad en Estados Unidos deben analizarse desde una perspectiva relacional bajo la cual se toma en cuenta la interacción entre la transformación de la fertilidad a nivel nacional en Estados Unidos y procesos globales. Para ejemplificar dicho argumento, se presenta investigación cualitativa sobre la transformación de la vida íntima de la población mexicana y de los mexicanos que residen en Estados Unidos. Dicha investigación ilustra la relación compleja que existe entre las pautas sociales y los cambios en la intimidad y la fertilidad en ambos países. Concluimos que los patrones reproductivos de la población hispana en Estados Unidos dependerán de la interacción dinámica entre los patrones de intimidad, los esquemas prevalentes sobre la familia y el tamaño familiar, y los prospectos económicos tanto en Estados Unidos como en los países latinoamericanos de origen de los diferentes grupos hispanos en Estados Unidos.

Regionalização da agricultura do Estado do Paraná, Brasil Agriculture regionalization of Paraná State, Brazil

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Rafael Fuentes Llanillo

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta uma caracterização da agricultura do estado do Paraná com base em trinta e cinco variáveis extraídas do Censo Agropecuário de 1995/96 e duas variáveis extraídas do Mapa de Aptidão Agrícola das Terras. As mesmas dizem respeito ao acesso à terra, uso da terra, uso de tecnologias químicas e mecânicas, uso de capital, relações de trabalho, terceirização, fertilidade natural dos solos e possibilidade de mecanização. A Análise Fatorial com trinta e sete variáveis permitiu descrever os sete fatores principais que explicaram 66,7% da variância. A Análise de Agrupamento dos valores dos sete fatores permitiu classificar dez tipos de municípios, organizados em nove mesorregiões.This work presents a characterization of the agriculture of Paraná State based on thirty-five variables extracted from Agricultural Census of 1995/96 and two variables from the Map of Soil Aptitude. These are related to land access, land use, utilization of chemical and mechanical technologies, use of capital assets, labor relationships and tercerization, soil fertility and mechanization suitability. The Factor analysis with thirty-seven variables enabled to describe seven main factors, which explained 66.7% of variance. The Cluster analysis of the seven factor’s values allowed to classify ten types of municipalities organized in nine regions.

Study of thermal and mechanical properties of PCL films; Estudo das propriedades termicas de filmes a base de PCL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Siqueira, A.R. de; Vieira, A.B. da Silva; Leite, I.F., E-mail: itamaraf@gmail.com [Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), Joaoo Pessoa, PB (Brazil). Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais

2016-07-01

In the current situation of the market, it is remarkable the concern for the development of materials that offer better properties and biodegradable behavior. The scientific researches seeks development and improvement of materials for applications in products increasingly biodegradable. To do so, this research aims at obtaining films composed of polymer poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL), aliphatic polyester synthetic and biodegradable, and silicates in layers, specifically in the State of Paraiba, prepared by the method of solution. This mixture makes it possible to form different nanostructures intercalated morphology and/or exfoliated, which therefore provides improvement in the thermal properties of the final product. After analyzing the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) was observed predominantly exfoliated morphologies to PCL films containing different silicate content and an increase in thermal stability when there was a lower concentration of clay as thermal analysis (TGA). (author)

Study of thermal and mechanical properties of PCL films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siqueira, A.R. de; Vieira, A.B. da Silva; Leite, I.F.

2016-01-01

In the current situation of the market, it is remarkable the concern for the development of materials that offer better properties and biodegradable behavior. The scientific researches seeks development and improvement of materials for applications in products increasingly biodegradable. To do so, this research aims at obtaining films composed of polymer poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL), aliphatic polyester synthetic and biodegradable, and silicates in layers, specifically in the State of Paraiba, prepared by the method of solution. This mixture makes it possible to form different nanostructures intercalated morphology and/or exfoliated, which therefore provides improvement in the thermal properties of the final product. After analyzing the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) was observed predominantly exfoliated morphologies to PCL films containing different silicate content and an increase in thermal stability when there was a lower concentration of clay as thermal analysis (TGA). (author)

The removal of ammonia from sanitary landfill leachate using a series of shallow waste stabilization ponds.

Science.gov (United States)

Leite, V D; Pearson, H W; de Sousa, J T; Lopes, W S; de Luna, M L D

2011-01-01

This study evaluated the efficiency of a shallow (0.5 m deep) waste stabilization pond series to remove high concentrations of ammonia from sanitary landfill leachate. The pond system was located at EXTRABES, Campina Grande, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. The pond series was fed with sanitary landfill leachate transported by road tanker to the experimental site from the sanitary landfill of the City of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba. The ammoniacal-N surface loading on the first pond of the series was equivalent to 364 kg ha(-1) d(-1) and the COD surface loading equivalent to 3,690 kg ha(-1) d(-1). The maximum mean ammonia removal efficiency was 99.5% achieved by the third pond in the series which had an effluent concentration of 5.3 mg L(-1) ammoniacal-N for an accumulative HRT of 39.5 days. The removal process was mainly attributed to ammonia volatilization (stripping) from the pond surfaces as a result of high surface pH values and water temperatures of 22-26°C. Shallow pond systems would appear to be a promising technology for stripping ammonia from landfill leachate under tropical conditions.

Propriedades de solos sob vegetação nativa em Minas Gerais: distribuição por fitofisionomia, hidrografia e variabilidade espacial

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Alba Lucia Araujo Skorupa

2012-02-01

Full Text Available A distribuição das formações vegetais nativas depende dos fatores de formação do solo, entre outros aspectos. Dessa forma, solos sob vegetação nativa podem informar muito sobre uma região e sua fertilidade natural, constituindo um testemunho das condições encontradas antes da ocupação agrossilvopastoril. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar propriedades químicas e textura dos solos sob fragmentos de Cerrado e florestas nativas amostrados durante o Inventário Florestal de Minas Gerais, por meio de análises de fertilidade do solo, textura e estatística espacial. Em geral, houve grande variabilidade em todas as propriedades analisadas, exceto em Al trocável. Os solos sob Campo Cerrado apresentaram maiores teores de matéria orgânica, comparados aos sob Cerradão e Cerrado stricto sensu. As Florestas Estacionais ocorreram, em geral, em solos de melhor fertilidade natural do que aqueles sob Cerrado, enquanto as florestas sob clima chuvoso ocorreram nos solos mais ácidos e com maiores teores de matéria orgânica, entre todas as fitofisionomias. Análises de regressão linear indicaram que a importância da matéria orgânica na CTC a pH 7,0 variou entre as diferentes fitofisionomias, sendo não significativa para as Florestas Deciduais. A estratificação por bacias hidrográficas, interpretada em conjunto com a fitofisionomia, permitiu também concluir sobre um provável efeito dos materiais de origem nas propriedades do solo, especialmente a textura. Por meio de análise geoestatística, foi possível construir, por krigagem ordinária, mapas do Estado com a distribuição de teores de carbono orgânico do solo, argila e pH, mas não para CTC a pH 7,0. A análise de solos sob fragmentos de vegetação nativa oferece potencial para uso como referência do padrão de fertilidade natural dos solos e é uma iniciativa que poderia ser empreendida em outras unidades da federação.

Comparação de diluentes, diluições e tempo de armazenamento do sêmen sobre fertilidade, eclodibilidade e nascimento de pintos em matrizes pesadas Comparation of diluents, dilutions and storage time of heavy broiler breeder semen on fertility, hatchability and chick production

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Elsio Antonio Pereira de Figueiredo

1999-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o melhor diluente, a diluição e o tempo de armazenamento para sêmen de galo. Um total de 60 galos e 630 galinhas com 55 semanas de idade foi artificialmente inseminado, uma vez por semana, por seis semanas consecutivas, utilizando-se 0,05 mL de sêmen/galinha. Os tratamentos foram: T1 = sêmen diluído com diluente comercial-DC; T2 = sêmen diluído com diluente Beltsville Poultry Sêmen Extender-BPSE; T3 = sêmen diluído com solução de Lake-LAKE; e T4 = sêmen fresco puro (Testemunha. Os níveis de diluição (D foram D=0 (não-diluído, D=2 (1 parte de sêmen: 2 partes de diluente e D = 4 (1 parte de sêmen: 4 partes de diluente. O tempo de repouso (H do sêmen foi H = 0, sem repouso, H = 1, IA 1 hora após a coleta e H=24, IA 24 horas após a coleta (conservado em refrigerador entre 2 e 5°C. Os ovos foram avaliados por ovoscopia e ao nascer com quebra de ovos não-eclodidos. O sêmen puro, não-diluído e sem repouso, produziu os melhores resultados para fertilidade e nascimento, 87,2 e 79,5%, respectivamente. As médias de fertilidade e nascimento de pintos para sêmen diluído na proporção 1:2, com 2 horas de repouso, foram 84,8 e 76,3; 81,7 e 73,6; e 76,0 e 65,9%, respectivamente, para os diluentes LAKE, DC e BPSE. Quando se usou sêmen diluído, a diluição 1:2 produziu melhor resultado que 1:4. O período de repouso do sêmen, após a diluição, deve ser o menor possível. O diluente de Lake apresentou os melhores resultados entre os diluientes, equiparando-se ao uso de sêmen puro não-diluído e inseminado logo após a coleta.The objective of this work was to identify the best semen extender, the dilution rate and the storage time for rooster semen. A total of 60 roosters and 630 hens with 55 weeks of age were artificially inseminated, once a week, by six consecutive weeks, using .05 mL of semen/hen. The treatments were: T1=semen diluted with commercial extender-DC; T2 =semen diluted

Atributos de fertilidade e frações húmicas de um Latossolo Vermelho no Cerrado Fertility properties and humic fractions in a Rhodic Ferralsol in Brazilian Cerrado

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Ademir Fontana

2006-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os atributos de fertilidade e as frações de matéria orgânica, ácido fúlvico, ácido húmico e humina, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, sob diferentes sistemas de cultivo no Cerrado. Os experimentos foram conduzidos no período de 1993 a 2003. Os tratamentos foram divididos em quatro grupos: lavoura (1 e 7, rotação lavoura/pastagem (3 e 5, rotação pastagem/lavoura (4 e 6 e pastagem contínua (2 e 8, todos em plantio direto. A avaliação do solo foi feita após dez anos de cultivo, com análises químicas de amostras da profundidade de 0-20 cm. Foi observado que os teores de Ca2+ variaram de 4,6 cmol c kg-1 (lavoura a 6,20 cmol c kg-1 (pastagem contínua, e os de P disponível, de 1 a 6 mg kg-1. Os teores de Mg2+ variaram de 3 cmol c kg-1, sob lavoura/pastagem, a 3,8 cmol c kg-1 em pastagem contínua, e os de K+, de 0,28 cmol c kg-1 sob pastagem contínua, a 1,10 cmol c kg-1 em lavoura/pastagem. Os teores de C orgânico variaram de 16,6 g kg-1 na lavoura a 28,0 g kg-1 sob lavoura/pastagem. A fração humina apresenta os maiores valores entre as frações da matéria orgânica.The objective of this study was to evaluate fertility attributes and the fractions of organic matter, fulvic acid, humic acid, and humina, in a Rhodic Ferralsol, under different cultivation systems in Brazilian Cerrado. The experiments were carried out from 1993 to 2003. The treatments were divided in four groups: tillage (1 and 7, rotation tillage/pasture (3 and 5, rotation pasture/tillage (4 and 6, and continuous pasture (2 and 8, all in no-tillage system. Chemical analyses of soil samples were made for the depth of 0-20 cm, after ten years of cultivation. It was observed that Ca2+ content varied from 4.6 cmol c kg-1 (tillage to 6.20 cmol c kg-1 (continuous pasture, and available P from 1 to 6 mg kg-1. The Mg2+ content varied from 3 cmol c kg-1, under tillage/pasture, to 3.8 cmol c kg-1 in continuous pasture, and K

Estudio de una Cronosecuencia de Suelos en el Bajo Cauca (Antioquia

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Jaramillo J. Daniel F.

1996-09-01

Full Text Available En la región del Bajo Cauca, Antioquia, se estudiaron tres terrazas, a diferentes alturas, las cuales poseen diferencias apreciables entre la evolución de sus respectivos suelos. La terraza de mayor altura presentó los suelos más evolucionados: Typic Paleudult; la de mediana altura presentó suelos de incipiente evolución, clasificados como Typic Dystropept y la de menor altitud presentó suelos recientes, con muy bajo grado de evolución: Tropic Fluvaquent. Las diferencias en evolución observadas entre los suelos se deben a los largos intervalos de tiempo transcurridos entre la formación de los tres niveles de las terrazas. La fertilidad natural de los suelos desarrollados sobre las terrazas alta y media se puede calificar como baja a muy baja; por su parte, la terraza a menor altura posee alta fertilidad.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliver Bonet, Maria; Mach, Núria

2016-09-20

Introducción: la infertilidad es un problema global en aumento. Se estima que aproximadamente un 15% de las parejas en edad reproductiva tiene dificultades a la hora de concebir. De estas, alrededor de la mitad presentan uno o varios factores masculinos asociados a infertilidad o subfertilidad, aislados o en combinación con problemas de origen femenino. Durante la última década se ha empezado a estudiar la infertilidad desde una perspectiva multifactorial, considerando las interacciones y conexiones entre diferentes situaciones genéticas, epigenéticas, bioquímicas y fisiológicas del paciente.Objetivo: la presente revisión pretende describir mecanismos epigenéticos que pueden ser modulados mediante aspectos nutricionales y que están relacionados con la etiología de la infertilidad masculina y con la herencia transgeneracional de este fenotipo.Material y métodos: se ha realizado una extensa búsqueda de publicaciones científicas en las principales bases de datos electrónicas especializadas: NBCI, Elsevier, Scielo, Scirus y Science Direct.Resultados y conclusión: varios trabajos que muestran la importancia del estado nutricional en la fertilidad del hombre y, más específicamente, la capacidad de los componentes de la dieta para modificar los perfiles epigenéticos que no únicamente pueden afectar a su fertilidad, sino que también pueden ser transmitidos a la descendencia mediante lo que se ha denominado herencia transgeneracional, ocasionándoles problemas de salud diversos entre los que también se hallan problemas en la fertilidad.

Pontoscolex corethrurus (Annelida: Oligochaeta) indicador de la calidad del suelo en sitios de Eucalyptus grandis (Myrtacea) con manejo tumba y quema

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Uribe, S.; Huerta, E.; Geissen, V.; Mendoza, M.I.; Godoy, R.; Jarquin, A.

2012-01-01

La presencia de oligoquetos en los ecosistemas puede indicar fertilidad del suelo, ya que estos organismos transportan, mezclan y entierran los residuos vegetales de la superficie al interior del suelo. Se caracterizó la comunidad de oligoquetos bajo sitios con diferentes periodos de establecimiento

Structural characterization of bentonite clays for utilization as nanofillers in nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Carlos Ivan Ribeiro de; Rocha, Marisa Cristina Guimares; Vogas, Arthur Considera

2014-01-01

Clays of different composition have been used in the development of polymer nanocomposites. However, the utilization of bentonite clays has been emphasized in Brazil, mainly due to their availability.The best known and studied deposits of bentonite clays are located in the state of Paraiba. However, these deposits are becoming exhausted after decades of exploitation. In this context, the aim of this work is to proceed the physical-mineralogical characterization of bentonite clays recently discovered in Cubati, PB. In order to achieve this objective, the samples underwent a particle size classification step and were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Results of X-ray diffraction showed that the samples are composed of smectite, and kaolinite and quartz. The characterization of the samples by FTIR confirmed these results. Results of chemical analysis showed that the clays have predominantly different exchangeable cations. (author)

Applicability of a prototype for determination of absorbed dose using brachytherapy equipment with Ir-192 sources; Aplicabilidade de um prototipo para determinacao da dose absorvida utilizando equipamentos de braquiterapia com fontes de IR-192

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souza, Vivianne Lucia Bormann; Almeida, Mayara Gabriella Oliveira de; Vieira, Rafaela Etelvina de Amorim; Silva, Waldecy Ananias da; Nascimento, Rizia Keila, E-mail: vlsouza@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: mayaradqf@hotmail.com, E-mail: rodriguesss@hootmail.com, E-mail: waldecy@cnen.gov.br, E-mail: riziakeila@hotmail.com [Centro Regional de Ciencias Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2014-07-01

This work aims at the development and improvement of a device to perform the absolute dosimetry sources of Ir-192 using the Fricke solution contained in a flask. The Fricke solution used was prepared using amounts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride and sulfuric acid, diluted with water tri distilled pre-established in the literature. The spectrophotometer used was a UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Beckman DU-640 Counter) for measuring the optical density at wavelength 304 nm. The calculation for determining the radial dose takes into account the radial distance and the angle formed with the transverse axis of the source. As the results obtained can be seen that the states of Pernambuco, Ceara, Paraiba e Piaui are in accordance with the recommendations of international standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which considers not acceptable a difference greater than 5% of prescribed dose and measured dose.

Applicability of a prototype for determination of absorbed dose using brachytherapy equipment with Ir-192 sources

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Vivianne Lucia Bormann; Almeida, Mayara Gabriella Oliveira de; Vieira, Rafaela Etelvina de Amorim; Silva, Waldecy Ananias da; Nascimento, Rizia Keila

2014-01-01

This work aims at the development and improvement of a device to perform the absolute dosimetry sources of Ir-192 using the Fricke solution contained in a flask. The Fricke solution used was prepared using amounts of ferrous ammonium sulfate, sodium chloride and sulfuric acid, diluted with water tri distilled pre-established in the literature. The spectrophotometer used was a UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Beckman DU-640 Counter) for measuring the optical density at wavelength 304 nm. The calculation for determining the radial dose takes into account the radial distance and the angle formed with the transverse axis of the source. As the results obtained can be seen that the states of Pernambuco, Ceara, Paraiba e Piaui are in accordance with the recommendations of international standards of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which considers not acceptable a difference greater than 5% of prescribed dose and measured dose

Structural characterization of bentonite clays for utilization as nanofillers in nanocomposites; Caracterizacao estrutural de argilas bentoniticas para utilizacao como nanocargas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oliveira, Carlos Ivan Ribeiro de; Rocha, Marisa Cristina Guimares; Vogas, Arthur Considera, E-mail: carlosivanr@gmail.com [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Nova Friburgo, RJ (Brazil). Instituto Politecnico; Silva, Ana Lucia Nazareth da [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IMA/UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Instituto de Macromoleculas Professora Eloisa Mano; Bertolino, Luiz Carlos [Centro de Tecnologia Mineral (CETEM/MCTI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2014-07-01

Clays of different composition have been used in the development of polymer nanocomposites. However, the utilization of bentonite clays has been emphasized in Brazil, mainly due to their availability.The best known and studied deposits of bentonite clays are located in the state of Paraiba. However, these deposits are becoming exhausted after decades of exploitation. In this context, the aim of this work is to proceed the physical-mineralogical characterization of bentonite clays recently discovered in Cubati, PB. In order to achieve this objective, the samples underwent a particle size classification step and were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Results of X-ray diffraction showed that the samples are composed of smectite, and kaolinite and quartz. The characterization of the samples by FTIR confirmed these results. Results of chemical analysis showed that the clays have predominantly different exchangeable cations. (author)

Radiometric monitoring outdoor municipality Pocinhos-PB

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cardinalli Araujo Costa, Michelle; Araujo dos Santos Junior, Jose; Dos Santos Amaral, Romilton

2015-01-01

Studies on human exposure to terrestrial radionuclides are important for human health. Therefore, this investigation presents aimed at making radiometric dosimetry Pocinhos municipality in the state of Paraiba. Monitoring was performed in 50 points in urban and rural areas Pocinhos. The estimated external effective dose rate in outdoor environments was obtained in triplicate using a portable gamma spectrometer, to 1.0 m away from the Earth's surface and time set acquisition in terms of environmental radiation levels. The values of these dose rates outdoor environments ranging from 0.53 to 3.94 mSv.y -1 . the arithmetic mean was 0.79 mSv.y -1 , which exceeds the value 0.07 mSv.y -1 corresponding to the global average in outdoor environments. In the city, found a higher radioactivity in rural areas that were uninhabited at the time of the survey. (Author)

Parâmetros fisiológicos e índice de tolerância ao calor de bovinos da raça sindi no semi-árido paraibano Physiological parameters and heat tolerance index of sindi breed bovine in the semi-arid of Paraiba

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Bonifácio Benício de Souza

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi conduzido no Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG, Paraíba. Foram utilizadas 12 fêmeas da raça Sindi, com idade média de 18 meses, com o objetivo de determinar os parâmetros fisiológicos e o índice de tolerância ao calor (ITC. Os parâmetros fisiológicos foram observados pela manhã e à tarde, semanalmente, durante 3 meses em cada estação (chuvosa e seca. Durante o período experimental as temperaturas máximas foram de 32,2 ºC e 38,2 ºC e mínimas de 24 ºC e 26º C, e o índice de temperatura do globo e umidade (ITGU na sombra à tarde foi de 88,8 e 88,7, nas estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Observou-se efeito (PThis experiment was carried out in the Health and Technology Center (CSTR of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG in Paraiba. Twelve female of the Sindi breed with 18 months of age were utilized, with the objective to determine the physiological parameters and Heat Tolerance Index (HTI. The physiological parameters were observed weekly, in the morning and in the afternoon, during 3 months in each season (rainy and dry season. In the experimental period, the maximum temperatures were 32,2 ºC and 38,2 ºC, the minimum temperatures were 24 ºC and 26 ºC and the Black Globe-Humidity Index (BGHI in the shade was 88,8 and 88,7, for the rainy and dry season, respectively. There was significant effect of the season on the physiological parameters (Rectal temperature, Respiratory Frequency and Cardiac Frequency and on the hematological parameters. However, these parameters are considered normal to this specie. About the heat tolerance, the animals presented a index of 9,83, which is considered high. It was concluded that this breed is well adapted to the conditions of the Semi-arid region in Brazil.

Guacamaya: símbolo de temporalidad y fertilidad en dos ejemplos de pintura mural The Macaw: a Symbol of Temporality and Fertility in Two Examples from Mural Painting

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María de Lourdes Navarijo Ornelas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En el pensamiento prehispánico, la guacamaya (Ara macao y Ara militaris ocupó un lugar preferente, como lo atestigua su imagen plasmada en los murales creados por diferentes pueblos, como el maya, el zapoteca, el teotihuacano, o como se ve en Cacaxtla. Esto no es una coincidencia, por lo que este estudio tiene por objeto analizar y reconocer la identidad taxonómica de los individuos recreados, además de argumentar su presencia en el lenguaje pictórico como un medio de expresión gráfica irrefutable. Para este fin se trabaja con la pintura mural de dos sitios arqueológicos: el mural 1, Los pájaros, de la Estructura 86 en Xelhá, situado en la zona norte de Quintana Roo; y el mural oriente del Templo Rojo en Cacaxtla, Tlaxcala. De acuerdo con las modalidades de representación gráfica y bajo los criterios de integración temática se aborda la lectura de las escenas considerando a los otros elementos iconográficos que las integran. El resultado es una propuesta de participación simbólica de las guacamayas enfocada en la abstracción del tiempo a partir de la conducta diaria y estacional de esta especie de psitácido ruidosa (y de plumaje llamativo y sugerente; también se considera la asociación de estos animales con los conceptos de vida, movimiento y temporalidad, y con el Sol y el agua (este último como el elemento primordial vinculado con la fertilidad.In pre-Hispanic thought, Macaw (Ara macao and Ara militaris occupy a place of honour, as witness its image captured in the murals created by different peoples, such as the Maya, the Zapotec, the ancient inhabitants of Teotihuacan and Cacaxtla. This is not a coincidence, which is why this study aims to analyze and recognize the taxonomic identity of recreated individuals, as well as argue their presence in the pictorial language as a mean of irrefutable graphic expression. To this end works with mural paintings from two archaeological sites are analyzed: the mural 1 "The birds" of

Los determinantes de la fecundidad dentro del matrimonio en España

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W. WHITNEY HICKS

1987-01-01

Full Text Available Datos de un estudio nacional de 1985 (N = 5.687 mujeres con edades entre 18-50 años son utilizados para examinar los efectos de la urbanización e industrialización en las cifras de fertilidad en España. Los factores analizados incluyen el número de hijos deseados, la zona residencial, el nivel de educación, el tamaño de la vivienda, la religión, el número de hermanos, la ocupación del marido, la edad, el número de niños nacidos vivos, y los nacimientos no deseados. Las proyecciones se dan para diversas categorías de edad de mujeres, estimando los efectos de cada variable independiente. Así se proyecta una disminución del 15% en la fertilidad total para el período 1985-2000, debido a los cambios en las estructuras de la población, sociales, y económicas.

para la intervención

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Lina María Parada Muñoz

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Los problemas de fertilidad y concepción han sido tratados habitualmente en sus dimensiones biomédicas. Sin embargo, estos problemas reclaman cada día mayor intervención de equipos interdisciplinarios que permitan una atención integral, pues la imposibilidad de concepción no sólo está asociada a limitaciones biofísicas. Este artículo se desarrolla en torno a tres cuestiones: la primera, sobre la infertilidad, su dimensión biomédica y las aproximaciones que ha propuesto la Psicología para comprender las implicaciones de este fenómeno; la segunda, sobre la pareja, resaltando las posturas orientadas a discernir su naturaleza, sus formas de funcionamiento y las condiciones que las mueven al cambio; la tercera, relacionada con la narrativa como posibilidad para comprender e interpretar los fenómenos clínicos, entre ellos, las experiencias de las parejas en procesos de fertilidad asistida.

Balanço de energia em um solo cultivado com feijão caupi no brejo paraibano Energy balance in a soil cultivated with cowpeas in a mountaineous area in Paraiba, Brazil

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José R. de S. Lima

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Os componentes do balanço de energia num solo cultivado com feijão caupi nas condições do Brejo Paraibano, foram determinados numa área de 4 ha do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, da UFPB, localizada no município de Areia, PB (6o 58' S, 35o 41' W e 620 m. Para tal, instalou-se uma torre no centro da área, contendo um pluviógrafo, um piranômetro, um saldo radiômetro e sensores para medida da temperatura e da umidade relativa do ar, em dois níveis acima do dossel da cultura; além disso, dois locais no solo foram instrumentados, cada um com duas sondas térmicas instaladas horizontalmente, nas profundidades de z1 = 2,0 cm e z2 = 8,0 cm, além de uma placa destinada à medida do fluxo de calor no solo, a 5,0 cm. Essas medidas foram armazenadas a cada 30 min, num sistema de aquisição de dados. Verificou-se que o valor médio do saldo de radiação (Rn foi de 78%, sendo a Rn utilizada, em média, como 71% no fluxo de calor latente (LE, 19% como fluxo de calor sensível (H e 10% como fluxo de calor no solo (G. A fração do saldo de radiação utilizada como fluxo de calor latente aumentou com a evolução da cobertura do solo pela cultura, enquanto a fração utilizada como fluxo de calor sensível e de calor no solo, diminuiu.The energy balance components in a cowpea crop growing in the mountain region of Paraiba, Brazil ("Brejo Paraibano" was determined in a 4 ha area in the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFPB, in the municipality of Areia, PB (6o 58' S, 35o 41' W e 620 m. Measurements of rainfall, net and global radiation were made. Sensors at two levels above the canopy were also mounted, allowing the measurements of air temperature and relative humidity. Below the soil surface, two different sites were provided with two thermal probes, horizontally installed at depths of 2.0 and 8.0 cm, besides a heat flux plate 5.0 cm deep for soil heat flux measurements. All data were stored in a datalogger each 30 min. The average value of the net

Knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use by women of an impoverished urban area

OpenAIRE

Andrade, Smalyanna Sgren da Costa; Zaccara, Ana Aline Lacet; Leite, Kamila Nethielly Souza; Brito, Karen Krystine Gonçalves de; Soares, Maria Júlia Guimarães Oliveira; Costa, Marta Miriam Lopes; Pinheiro, Ana Karina Bezerra; Oliveira, Simone Helena dos Santos

2015-01-01

OBJECTIVE Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. METHOD An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowl...

Venomics and antivenomics of Bothrops erythromelas from five geographic populations within the Caatinga ecoregion of northeastern Brazil

OpenAIRE

Jorge, Roberta Jeane B.; Monteiro, Helena S.A.; Gonçalves Machado, Larissa; Guarnieri, Míriam C.; Ximenes, Rafael M.; Borges Nojosa, Diva M.; de O. Luna, Karla P.; Zingali, Russolina B.; Corrêa Netto, Carlos; Gutiérrez, José María; Sanz, Libia; Calvete, Juan J.; Pla, Davinia

2015-01-01

The Caatinga lancehead, Bothrops erythromelas, is a medically relevant species, responsible for most of the snakebite accidents in most parts of its distribution range in northeastern Brazil. The spectrum and geographic variability of its venom toxins were investigated applying a venomics approach to venom pools from five geographic areas within the Caatinga ecoregion. Despite its wide habitat, populations of B. erythromelas from Ceará, Pernambuco, Juazeiro, Paraiba, and Ilha de Itaparica exh...

Alguns estudos preliminares sôbre possíveis problemas de fertilidade, em solos de diferentes campos cerrados de São Paulo e Goiás Some preliminary studies on fertility problems of soils from several "campos cerrados" in São Paulo and Goiás

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A. C. McClung

1958-01-01

Full Text Available Êste trabalho representa uma primeira contribuição para o estudo da fertilidade dos solos de campos cerrados. Tais solos, que ocupam importante superfície do território nacional, apresentam muitas vezes boas propriedades físicas e regulares disponibilidades de água, que parecem estar em desacôrdo com a pobreza da vegetação nêles desenvolvida. Uma deficiência ou um agudo desequilíbrio de nutrientes deve, pois, estar envolvido. De fato, a cultura em vasos permitiu verificar uma acentuada deficiência em fósforo nas amostras estudadas, assim como um menor crescimento do capim que não recebeu nitrogênio. A produção foi também menor em todos os quatro solos de Goiás, quando se omitiram, num tratamento, enxôfre, cobre, zinco, ferro, boro e molibdênio.Evidence of severe phosphorus deficiency was found in grasses and legumes grown in pot culture on six soils from "campos cerrados" in São Paulo and Goiás. The minus-phosphorus treatment in most cases produced only 5 to 10% as much growth as the complete treatment. Dry matter production by pangola grass was lower on all four soils from Goiás when the elements iron, zinc, copper, boron, sulfur and molybdenum were omitted from the fertilizer misture. Similar results were obtained for alfafa on one soil from São Paulo. The data do not indicate which of these elements were involved in this response. Less growth of grass ocurred when nitrogen was omitted, but in no case, either with grasses or legumes, did the omission of potassium have a measurable effect on dry matter production. Omission of lime resulted in reduced growth of alfafa and soybeans, and, on one soil, of Pangola grass.

Produção de feijão-caupi e gergelim consorciado com mamoneira no Semiárido paraibano

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Guilherme de Freitas Furtado

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar os componentes de produção do feijão-caupi e gergelim, consorciado com a mamoneira no semiárido paraibano. O experimento foi desenvolvido no período de março a novembro de 2011 em condições de campo em Pombal, Paraíba. Realizou-se sob delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com três sistemas de cultivo em dois ensaios experimentais: feijão-caupi (cv. BRS Novaera e gergelim (cv. BRS Seda em monocultivo, consórcio com mamona cv. IAC 2028 e consórcio com mamona cv. BRS Nordestina, com 4 repetições, totalizando 12 parcelas experimentais em cada ensaio. O consórcio com a mamoneira reduz os componentes de produção e produção do feijão-caupi e gergelim, sendo a cv. BRS Nordestina mais competitiva. Considerando as variáveis estudadas, a melhor opção para cultivo consorciado do feijão-caupi ou gergelim na região é a cv. IAC 2028. Production of cowpea and sesame intercropped with castor bean in semiarid region of ParaibaAbstract: The objective was to evaluate yield components of cowpea and sesame grown as secondary crops, intercropping with castor bean in the semiarid region of Paraiba. The experiment was carried out from March to November 2011 under field conditions in Pombal, Paraíba state. Three experimental systems were used in a randomized block design in two experimental trials: cowpea (cv. BRS Novaera and sesame (cv. BRS Seda in monoculture, intercropping with castor bean cv. IAC 2028 and intercropping with castor bean cv. BRS Nordestina, with 4 replicates, totaling 12 experimental plot in each trial. The intercrop with castor bean reduces yield components and yield of cowpea and sesame, with an cv. BRS Nordestina more competitive. Considering the variables studied, the best option for intercropping cowpea or sesame in the region is the cv. IAC 2028.

Antimicrobial drug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cattle in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pereira, M S; Siqueira-Júnior, J P

1995-06-01

Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus obtained from apparently healthy cattle in the State of Paraiba, Brazil were characterized in relation to resistance to 21 antimicrobial agents. Among the 46 isolates obtained, resistance to penicillin was most frequent, followed by resistance to cadmium, streptomycin, arsenate, tetracycline, mercury, erythromycin and kanamycin/neomycin. All isolates were susceptible to fusidic acid, ethidium bromide, cetrimide, chloramphenicol, benzalkonium chloride, doxycycline, gentamicin, methicillin, minocycline, novobiocin, rifamycin, tylosin and vancomycin. Only six isolates were susceptible to all the drugs tested. With respect to the antibiotics, multi-resistant isolates were uncommon. These results are probably a consequence of the peculiarities of local drug usage pressures. In relation to metal ions, resistance to mercury was rare while resistance to arsenate was relatively frequent, which contrasts with the situation for human Staph. aureus strains. After treatment with ethidium bromide, elimination of resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and cadmium was observed, which was consistent with the genetic determinants being plasmid-borne.

Nonionic surfactant organoclay obtaining from Pedra Lavrada District, PB, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, I.A. da; Cardoso, M.A.F.; Figueiredo, J.M.R.; Silva, C.D.; Neves, G.A.; Ferreira, H. C.

2012-01-01

The oil industry has invested for many years in the use of smectite clay as a dispersing agent in the composition of drilling fluids for oil wells water based and oil based. The State of Paraiba is one of the largest producers of clays and recently discovered new deposits in the regions of Cubati and Pedra Lavrada by creating a great expectation of the expansion of mineral production in the region. The aim of this work is a smectite clays organophilization of the city of Pedra Lavrada, with the addition of nonionic surfactant. After organophilization clay was characterized by X-ray diffraction and Foster swelling in order to choose the most suitable surfactant through the organic liquid dispersant diesel. The results showed that incorporation of surfactant used in the clay interlayer spacing increased significantly, and that the dispersions showed rheological properties within the specifications of PETROBRAS, for use of organophilic clays in drilling fluids in nonionic base. (author)

Rate of litter decomposition and microbial activity in an area of Caatinga

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Patrícia Carneiro Souto

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In order to evaluate the decomposition of litter and microbial activity in an area of preserved Caatinga, an experiment was conducted in the Natural Heritage Private Reserve Tamanduá Farm in Santa Terezinha county, State of Paraiba. The decomposition rate was determined by using litter bags containing 30 g of litter, which were arranged on the soil surface in September 2003 and 20 bags were taken each month until September 2005. The collected material was oven dried and weighed to assess weight loss compared to initial weight. Microbial activity was estimated monthly by the quantification of carbon dioxide (CO2 released into the edaphic breathing process from the soil surface, and captured by KOH solution. Weight loss of litter after one year was 41.19% and, after two years, was 48.37%, indicating a faster decomposition in the first year. Data analysis showed the influence of season on litter decomposition and temperature on microbial activity.

Pigmentation changes in Siderastrea spp. during bleaching events in the costal reefs of northeastern Brazil

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Roberto Sassi

2015-03-01

Full Text Available We report here the occurrence of seasonal changes in the pigmentation of colonies of Siderastrea spp. during bleaching events on coastal reefs in northeastern Brazil. Bleached affected almost 50% of coral colonies analyzed in Cabo Branco reefs (Paraiba state in the summer of 2005. The same phenomenon was detected along various coastal reefs in northeastern Brazil during the summer of 2007 and 2008. These events were seasonal, and began with the emergence of pale colonies that became pale-pink and then purple during the rainy months. The patterns and intensity of colonies pigmentation changes varied with the studied sites. The decrease in zooxanthellae density and chlorophyll-a content was quantified in the colonies with their pigmentation pattern altered (bleaching. Microbiological analyses revealed higher densities of bacteria in pink colonies (bleached as compared to brown colonies (normal. Environmental disturbances may lead to the pigmentation changes in Siderastrea spp., but the immediate causes of this phenomenon are not clear and require further investigations.

BATS IN SETTLEMENTS FROM AN ATLANTIC FOREST AREA IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

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CAIO GRACO ZEPPELINI

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Bats are key components of ecological networks, and studies in degraded areas are especially important to understand the impact of the human settlements on bats communities. Here, we surveyed the bat fauna in Guaribas Biological Reserve, a protected area in the Atlantic Forest in Paraiba state, northeastern Brazil, and compared it with the bat fauna that occupies the nearby villages. In the villages, we recorded 650 individuals from 14 species, while 1,127 individuals from 20 species were recorded in the Reserve. Diversity estimation pointed out 19 species for the settlements, and 22 for the Reserve. A Bray-Curtis/Sorensen similarity cluster analysis informed that the Reserve areas and the villages form two distinct groups. Additionally, a Wilcox test pointed out that both areas have significantly distinct abundances and species richnesses. Only a subset of the assemblage, mainly formed by generalist or opportunist species, occupies the villages, exploring resources that are offered by human activities.

Amarelecimento do arroz-de-sequeiro sob condições de encharcamento em solo de baixa fertilidade Yellowing of upland rice plants under drenched low fertility soil conditions

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Aildson Pereira Duarte

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um experimento em vasos visando reproduzir sintomas de amarelecimento foliar observados em arroz-de-sequeiro em condições de campo, em Assis (SP, e estudar suas possíveis causas nutricionais. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de areia quartzosa retirada da camada de 0-20 cm, submetida a dois manejos (solo original e solo calcariado e cultivado, dois tipos de irrigação (padrão e excessiva e quatro cultivares de arroz (IAC-25, IAC-47, Araguaia e Rio Paranaíba. Foram avaliados os sintomas de amarelecimento foliar, o acúmulo de massa seca da parte aérea e de raízes, os teores de macro- e micronutrientes nas folhas e colmos, e estudou-se a anatomia de folhas e raízes. Com a irrigação padrão, praticamente não ocorreu amarelecimento, em ambos os solos. Com a irrigação excessiva do solo original, surgiram sintomas de amarelecimento e aumentos da relação entre a massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. No solo original, o encharcamento aumentou o teor de Fe em toda a parte aérea e diminuiu os teores de Mn nas folhas e os de Mg nas folhas e nos colmos. No solo cultivado, os resultados foram semelhantes, com exceção do teor de Fe, que diminuiu nas folhas. O 'Araguaia' apresentou menores notas de amarelecimento e tendência de maiores teores de N, P e Ca e foi o único cultivar em que o excesso de irrigação não diminuiu os teores de Mn nas folhas. Observou-se, no limbo foliar das plantas submetidas ao tratamento solo original com irrigação excessiva, que os cloroplastos eram menores, distribuídos na região periférica das células do mesofilo e em menor número do que nos outros tratamentos. Concluiu-se que o amarelecimento ocorreu sob condições de encharcamento e baixa fertilidade natural do solo devido à toxicidade de Fe e à deficiência de Mg na planta, associados a um múltiplo estresse nutricional, e que o cultivar Araguaia se mostrou mais tolerante às condições adversas que induziram o aparecimento dos

Environmental and safety education in Brazil: preventive measures to avoid contamination with U and Th in small mining sites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fonseca, Valeria da; Pastura, Silvia; Wieland, Patricia; Campos, Thomas F. da C.

2008-01-01

This paper presents the Environmental and Safety Educational Campaign on the care in the small mining 'garimpo' with radioactive ore of uranium and thorium. These radionuclides are the major source of radioactive material present in certain mineral from rocks for example, tantalite / columbite, granites with cassiterite coal, phosphates, zirconate and rare-earth elements. The occurrence of radioactive ores in some sites has risen especial attention from CNEN such as in Borborema Mountain, where Uranium and Thorium are found scattered in pegmatite bodies from Serido region between Rio Grande do Norte and Paraiba states, and in Amapa state, in the Amazonian forest region, where thorianite was being illegally mined. Besides work accident risks inherent to this activity, there are radiological risks, showing the need to adapt measures and actions aiming at the health and safety of the small miners and population in general. The campaign involves cooperatives, trade unions, schools, non-governmental organization, entities involved in national security and others take part. The objective is to foment actions of radiological safety, in order to guarantee the protection and safety of the workers, their families and population. (author)

Geologic studies of Irati formation in South Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Padula, V T

1968-07-01

Besides oil-shale deposits occurring in several states in Brazil, those of the Permian Irati Formation, lying nearly continuous for 1,700 km from the State of Sao Paulo to the Brazil-Uruguay frontier, are the most extensive and promising for commercial exploitation. Although the lacustrine origin Tertiary shales in the Paraiba Valley are about 35 m thick, and yield 4 to 13% of oil, and contain about 317,460,317 cu m (2 billion bbl) of oil, their high moisture content (about 35%) makes them less attractive for exploitation. In Rio Grande do Sul and S. Parana, the Irati Formation has 2 distinct beds of oil shale separated by nonbituminous shale and limestone. In N. Parana, in Santa Catarina, and Sao Paulo, oil shales in the Irati Formation are intercalated with nonbituminous shale, and dolomite or limestone. The oil shales are dark brown to black, finely laminated, fissile, and hard, but weather to a reddish brown regolith that in places is 10 m thick. They contain 2 to 14% of oil recoverable by destructive distillation; their density ranges from about 1.80 to 2.45, generally decreasing with increasing content of organic matter.

Efeito de sistemas de produção mistos sob plantio direto sobre fertilidade do solo após oito anos Effect of mixed crop production systems under no-tillage on soil fertility after eight years

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H. P. Santos

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Os atributos de solo relativos à sua fertilidade foram avaliados num Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico, em Passo Fundo (RS, oito anos após o estabelecimento (1993 a 2000 de cinco sistemas de produção que integravam culturas produtoras de grãos, pastagens de inverno e pastagens perenes - sistema I (trigo/soja, aveia branca/soja e ervilhaca/milho; sistema II (trigo/soja, aveia branca/soja e pastagem de aveia preta + ervilhaca/milho; sistema III [pastagens perenes da estação fria (festuca + trevo branco + trevo vermelho + cornichão]; sistema IV [pastagens perenes da estação quente (pensacola + aveia preta + azevém + trevo branco + trevo vermelho + cornichão]; e sistema V (alfafa para feno, que foi acrescentado como tratamento adicional, com repetições em áreas contíguas ao experimento, em 1994. As áreas sob os sistemas III, IV e V retornaram ao sistema I, a partir do verão de 1996. As culturas, tanto de inverno como de verão, foram estabelecidas sob plantio direto. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os valores de pH, de Al trocável, de Ca + Mg trocáveis, de matéria orgânica, de P extraível e de K trocável foram influenciados pelos sistemas de produção. Os sistemas de produção elevaram os níveis de matéria orgânica, de P extraível e de K trocável, principalmente na profundidade de solo de 0-5 cm. Os teores de matéria orgânica e os de Al trocável, de P extraível e de K trocável diminuíram da camada de 0-5 cm para a camada de 15-20 cm, enquanto para os valores de pH e de Ca + Mg trocáveis ocorreu o contrário.Soil fertility characteristics were evaluated on a typical dystrophic Red Latosol (Typic Haplorthox located in Passo Fundo, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, after eight years of use under mixed production systems (1993 to 2000. The effects of production systems integrating grain production with winter annual and perennial pastures under no-tillage were

Profile of nursing diagnoses of hospitalized patients in an infectious disease unit

OpenAIRE

Souza Neto, Vinicius Lino de; Andrade, Lidiane Lima de; Agra, Glenda; Costa, Marta Miriam Lopes; Silva, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da

2015-01-01

Objective: To define the profile of nursing diagnoses of hospitalized patients at an infectious diseases unit.Methods: This is a descriptive study based on the quantitative approach conducted at an infectious diseases unit in Paraiba, Brazil, from January to February 2014. The data collection instrument was based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs by Wanda de Aguiar Horta, followed by the classification system CIPE(r) version 2.0 to construct the diagnoses.Results: Data analysis resulted in 3...

Poda de raízes e adubação para crescimento do cafeeiro cultivado em colunas de solo Root pruning and fertilization for growth of coffee plants cultivated in soil columns

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Víctor Hugo Alvarez V.

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Em casa de vegetação, foram estudados os efeitos de níveis de fertilidade, poda de raízes e adubação localizada sobre o crescimento da parte aérea e do sistema radicular de plantas de cafeeiro cultivar Catuaí Vermelho. Amostras subsuperficiais (30 a 70 cm de um LVA de Viçosa-MG foram acondicionadas em colunas de PVC compostas por três anéis de 15 cm de altura e 20 cm de diâmetro. Quatro tratamentos com três níveis de fertilidade [baixo (FB; médio (FM; alto (FA e médio sem corte de raízes, em apenas dois anéis (FM2], foram instalados antes do plantio, utilizando três níveis de calagem e três doses de esterco de galinha. As doses de P e K aplicadas no plantio foram inversamente proporcionais aos níveis de fertilidade propostos. Oito meses após o plantio, o anel inferior foi retirado, podando-se o sistema radicular. As amostras de solo do anel inferior foram substituídas por novas amostras nas quais foram aplicadas quatro adubações localizadas [baixa (AB; média (AM; alta (AA e média mais esterco de galinha (AM2]. Dezessete meses após o plantio, foram feitas avaliações da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. A altura das plantas e o número de ramos decresceram linearmente com o nível de fertilidade, em razão das menores doses de P e K adicionadas na adubação de plantio. Esta tendência também foi observada na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea; entretanto, o crescimento do sistema radicular não foi afetado. A poda de raízes não influiu no crescimento e na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes, exceto quando se adicionou esterco de galinha na adubação localizada no nível de fertilidade média, promovendo, neste caso, efeito negativo. As adubações localizadas no nível de fertilidade baixo não afetaram o crescimento da parte aérea nem do sistema radicular; no nível médio, verificou-se efeito quadrático positivo e, no nível alto, observou-se aumento linear no crescimento

Approach

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Guido Pinto Aguirre

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este documento es investigar y re-estimar los efectos de los patrones de lactancia, salud y estado nutricional de la mujer y consumo de energía sobre la duración del retorno de la fertilidad de postparto (es decir, retorno de la menstruación de postparto utilizando toda la información relevante en el estudio longitudinal del Instituto de Nutrición de Centroamérica y Panamá y un procedimiento de estimación más adecuado (modelos de riesgo. Los datos utilizados provienen del Estudio Longitudinal llevado a cabo en Guatemala entre 1967 y 1979. En este artículo se utiliza un modelo de riesgo con varios estados que reconoce diferentes caminos y estados en el proceso del retorno de la fertilidad de postparto. El modelo descansa en la existencia de cinco estados (lactancia total, lactancia parcial, destete, mortalidad infantil y menstruación. También incluye de manera explícita nutrición maternal y consumo de energía de la mujer como elementos estratégicos del modelo. El estudio encontró que los efectos de los patrones de lactancia, nutrición de la madre y patrones de trabajo de la mujer (consumo de energía sobre la fertilidad en las áreas rurales de Guatemala son fuertes y significativos. La contribución de este artículo es mostrar que la aplicación de los modelos de riesgo con múltiples estados proporciona estimados que son consistentes con hipótesis que relacionan patrones de lactancia, estado nutricional maternal y estresores maternales externos a procesos que aceleran (desaceleran el retorno de ciclos menstruales normales.

Las bases genéticas de la longevidad y la hipótesis de las abuelas

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Madrigal, Lorena

2005-01-01

Full Text Available La idea de que la longevidad inusual se transmita por vía materna se apoya en observaciones empíricas de que los centenarios tienen una frecuencia alta de ciertos alelos del mtADN en comparación a la población general. Estos estudios han comparado el material genético de centenarios con sujetos de la población general cuando los controles con los que se deberían de comparar los centenarios son los individuos que nacieron en la misma generación pero que no vivieron tantos años. La hipótesis que queremos investigar es si algunos haplotipos del mtADN le han dado una ventaja evolutiva a ciertas líneas mitocondriales por medio de una longevidad avanzada, particularmente a las mujeres. La hipótesis de las abuelas propone que la menopausia evolucionó para incrementar la contribución genética de las mujeres, no por medio de su propia fertilidad, sino por medio de la fertilidad de sus hijas. Es decir, la contribución genética de abuelas longevas va a ser mayor que la de aquéllas que mueren temprano. En ésta ponencia, expongo los resultados de un proyecto que incluye miembros de la University of South Florida, Universidad de Costa Rica y de la Universidad de Bologna. En éste estudio evitamos los problemas metodológicos ya citados, y comparamos el mtADN de individuos longevos y no longevos, por generación, habiendo obtenido el mtADN de 150 descendientes vivientes. Adicionalmente, sometemos a prueba la hipótesis de que la longevidad de la abuela se puede correlacionar estadísticamente con una mayor fertilidad de la hija, por generaciones.

Abordagem Fuzzy na Taxa de Sobrevivência de Trypoxylon (Trypargilum lactitarse (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae / Fuzzy Approach in the Survival Rate of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum lactitarse (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae

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Lilian Berton

2009-12-01

Full Text Available ResumoEste trabalho apresenta um sistema baseado em regras fuzzy (SBRF abordando a interação entre fertilidade, tamanho do ninho e sobrevivência de machos e fêmeas de Trypoxylon lactitarse Saussure. A partir de informações sobre fertilidade e tamanho do ninho, o sistema retorna a taxa de sobrevivência de machos e fêmeas permitindo abordar as implicações de uma razão sexual enviesada a favor de machos, uma razão sexual enviesada a favor de fêmeas, ou uma razão sexual de 1:1.AbstractThis paper presents a fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS addressing the interaction among fertility, size of the nest and survival of Trypoxylon lactitarse Saussure males and females. From information on fertility and nest size, the system returns the survival rate of male and female allowing us to address the implications of a skewed sex ratio in favor of males, a skewed sex ratio in favor of females, or a sex ratio of 1:1.

Do different degrees of human activity affect the diet of Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis?

Science.gov (United States)

Alves, V E N; Patrício, J; Dolbeth, M; Pessanha, A; Palma, A R T; Dantas, E W; Vendel, A L

2016-08-01

The aim of the present study was to test whether different degrees of human activity affect the diet of the Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis in two tropical estuaries. Fish were collected along the salinity gradient of two Brazilian estuaries, the heavily impacted Paraiba Estuary and the less impacted Mamanguape Estuary, in the dry and wet seasons. The findings confirm that A. brasiliensis has generalist feeding habits and is able to change its diet under different environmental conditions. The results indicate clear spatial (i.e. along the estuarine gradient) changes in diet composition in both estuaries, but diet was also influenced by the degree of anthropogenic disturbance. During the wet season in the nutrient enriched Paraiba Estuary, when human activity was higher, the diet of A. brasiliensis was poorer and dominated by few dietary items, reflecting the potential impoverishment of prey items in this heavily disturbed system. The specimens collected in the most affected estuary also had a greater frequency of micro-plastics and parasites in their stomachs, reflecting the greater degree of human disturbance in the estuary. The present findings suggest that the diet of A. brasiliensis could be a useful indicator of changes in the ecological quality of these and other tropical estuaries of the western Atlantic Ocean. © 2016 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

Graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes as nanofeatured scaffolds for the assisted deposition of nanohydroxyapatite: characterization and biological evaluation

OpenAIRE

Rodrigues, Bruno VM; Leite, Nelly CS; Cavalcanti, Bruno das Neves; da Silva, Newton S; Marciano, Fernanda R; Corat, Evaldo J; Webster, Thomas J; Lobo, Anderson O

2016-01-01

Bruno VM Rodrigues,1,* Nelly CS Leite,1,* Bruno das Neves Cavalcanti,2 Newton S da Silva,3 Fernanda R Marciano,1 Evaldo J Corat,4 Thomas J Webster,5,6 Anderson O Lobo11Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology, Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil; 2Department of Cardiology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; 3Laboratory of Cell Biology and Tis...

Fertilidade de gemas em videiras: fisiologia e fatores envolvidos

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Renato Vasconcelos Botelho

2006-04-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever a fisiologia da formação das gemas férteis em videiras, assim como discutir os fatores envolvidos neste processo. A formação das inflorescências em videiras se inicia no ciclo anterior à sua antese, durante o desenvolvimento das gemas latentes, sendo concluída na brotação destas gemas no ciclo seguinte. Didaticamente, este processo pode ser dividido em três principais etapas: 1 Formação do primórdio indiferenciado; 2 Diferenciação em primórdio de inflorescência; e 3 Diferenciação e formação das flores. Os primórdios indiferenciados, protuberâncias do tecido meristemático formados no interior da gema, podem dar origem a inflorescências, gavinhas ou brotações, dependendo de diversos fatores, tais como: balanço hormonal, característica varietal, vigor dos ramos, temperatura, intensidade luminosa, disponibilidade de água, nutrição mineral e práticas culturais. Do ponto de vista agronômico, concluí-se que o manejo de um vinhedo não deve visar estritamente a produção do ciclo corrente, mas também a formação das gemas para o ciclo seguinte, pois esta é a primeira condição para a obtenção de alta produtividade em videiras.

Tabela de vida de fertilidade de Trichogramma pratissolii Querino & Zucchi, 2003 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae em hospedeiros alternativos, sob diferentes temperaturas Fertility life table of Trichogramma pratissolii Querino & Zucchi, 2003 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae in alternative hosts, under different temperatures

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Hugo Bolsoni Zago

2008-08-01

Full Text Available A espécie, Trichogramma pratissolii Querino & Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae foi recentemente coletada em plantios de abacate, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae, e pode representar uma alternativa no controle biológico de lepidópteros pragas dessa cultura. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o desempenho de T. pratissolii criado em ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae e Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae,sob diferentes temperaturas utilizando tabelas de vida de fertilidade. A criação de A. kuehniella foi mantida com dieta à base de farinha de trigo integral, milho e levedura de cerveja, enquanto para C. cephalonica foi utilizada dieta à base de farelo de arroz, levedura de cerveja e açúcar. T. pratissolii foi criado nos hospedeiros, utilizando-se a técnica de colagem de ovos em cartolina azul. Foram determinadas a duração média da geração (T, taxa líquida de reprodução (Ro, razão infinitesimal de aumento (r m e razão infinita de aumento (λ para as temperaturas de 15; 21; 24; 27; 30 e 33 ±1ºC, com 70±10% de umidade relativa e fotofase de 14 horas. A melhor condição térmica para desenvolvimento de T. pratissolii em A. kuehniella e C. cephalonica foi a 27ºC, enquanto o melhor hospedeiro nessa temperatura é C. cephalonica.The specie, Trichogramma pratissolii Querino & Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae was recently collected in avocado plantations, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae, and therefore might be an alternative biological control agent for lepidopteran pests in this crop. Thus, this work evaluated the performance of T. pratissolii parasitizing eggs of Anagasta kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae and Corcyra cephalonica Stainton (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, under different temperature regimes through fertility life table method. The host A. kuehniella was reared using diet constituted of whole wheat meal, corn meal and yeast, while C. cephalonica was

Main impacts on health in Brazil caused by hydro electric enterprises; Principais impactos na saude causados por empreendimentos hidreletricos no Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-12-31

An analysis of human population healths in the regions where dams and hydroelectric projects are to be implanted, its consequence about the increase of endemic problems, in two regions of greats projects implantation, ecosystems with small alteration (Amazon region) and others projects in much altered regions like Tiete river (Sao Paulo) and Paraiba do Sul (Rio de Janeiro), the increase of parasitic diseases, problems of transit accidents and basic sanitation systems, in the developed regions, and increase of population diseases in the Amazon region where discussed

CONCEPÇÕES DOS USUÁRIOS DE CRACK SOBRE OS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM O USO E A DEPENDÊNCIA

OpenAIRE

Walkiria da Silva Rocha; Estela Rodrigues Paiva Alves; Kay Francis Leal Vieira; Khivia Kiss da Silva Barbosa; Gerlaine de Oliveira Leite; Maria Djair Dias

2015-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los factores que influencian y facilitan el uso del crack , como también los factores que dificultan su abandono. Este estudio es una investigación cualitativa, participaron 20 usuarios de crack y fue realizada en la ciudad João Pessoa, estado de Paraiba, 2012. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un formulario semiestruturado, y analizados de acuerdo a la técnica de Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. La facilidad del acceso, la curiosidad...

Competição entre materiais corretivos (escórias de siderurgia x calcário em solos de várzea do Vale do Paraíba Utilization of two types of blast furnace slag as a soil corrective in the Paraíba Valley

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A. Gentil Gomes

1962-01-01

Full Text Available Embora apresentando os solos do Vale do Rio Paraíba, com poucas exceções, acidez de média a elevada, muito pouco uso de corretivos de solos tem sido feito. Êste fato se deve principalmente ao pequeno número de jazidas de calcário existente na região, insuficiente para atender à demanda desse material para a agricultura. Visando colaborar na solução do problema, foram estudadas em seis experimentos instalados em solos de várzea, as possibilidades de utilização de dois tipos de escórias, provenientes da Usina Siderúrgica Nacional de Volta Redonda e da produção de aço em São Caetano e Moji das Cruzes. Nesses ensaios, em culturas de batata e tomate, foram comparados os dois tipos de escórias e um de calcário, em três níveis, tendo como testemunha um tratamento que recebeu apenas a adubação básica, NPK. Os resultados obtidos autorizam a recomendação do emprêgo das escorias. Para sua comercialização, entretanto, necessário se torna alterar o grau de moagem, para que sua granulometria satisfaça às exigências legais.Although the soil in the Paraiba Valley generally presents medium to high acidity, the practice of liming is not yet widespread there. One of the reasons for this is the lack of enough lime sources in its vicinity. As a contribution to the study of the liming problem in the Paraiba Valley, six experiments were carried out on various types of soils in the area, comparing two types of slags with limestone as soil correctives. The slags were obtained from the Usina Siderúrgica Nacional, Volta Redonda and from the São Caetano Steel Plant, São Caetano. They were conducted with the tomato and potato crops. Three levels of each type of slag or limestone, plus a complete fertilizer, were compared. Control plots received only the fertilizer. The results from these experiments indicated that the two types of slag compared favorably with limestone as a calcium source. Both can be recommended as a corrective for

Survey of Ehrlichia canis, Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. in dogs from a semiarid region of Brazil

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Tereza Emmanuelle de Farias Rotondano

Full Text Available This study assessed the occurrence of Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. infections in 100 tick-harboring dogs from a semiarid region of the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples and ticks were collected from the animals, and a questionnaire was submitted to dog owners to obtain general data. Blood samples were used to perform hemogram, direct blood smear and immunological and molecular hemoparasite detection. The 1,151 ticks collected were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus; direct smears revealed E. canis-like morulae in the monocytes of 4% (4/100 of the non-vaccinated female dogs, and 34% and 25% of the dogs tested positive for Ehrlichia canis by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR, respectively. Blood smear examination revealed Babesia-suggestive merozoites in the erythrocytes of 2% (2/100 of the animals. Babesia vogeli was detected by PCR in ten animals (10% and was correlated with young age (p = 0.007 and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.01. None of the animals showed Hepatozoon spp. positivity. These results indicate that E. canis is the main tick-borne canine pathogen in the study area and provide the first report of B. vogeli infection in dogs from Paraiba State.

Survey of Ehrlichia canis, Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. in dogs from a semiarid region of Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Rotondano, Tereza Emmanuelle de Farias; Almeida, Herta Karyanne Araújo; Krawczak, Felipe da Silva; Santana, Vanessa Lira; Vidal, Ivana Fernandes; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia; de Azevedo, Sérgio Santos; Ade lmeida, Alzira Maria Paiva; de Melo, Marcia Almeida

2015-01-01

This study assessed the occurrence of Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. infections in 100 tick-harboring dogs from a semiarid region of the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples and ticks were collected from the animals, and a questionnaire was submitted to dog owners to obtain general data. Blood samples were used to perform hemogram, direct blood smear and immunological and molecular hemoparasite detection. The 1,151 ticks collected were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus; direct smears revealed E. canis-like morulae in the monocytes of 4% (4/100) of the non-vaccinated female dogs, and 34% and 25% of the dogs tested positive for Ehrlichia canis by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Blood smear examination revealed Babesia-suggestive merozoites in the erythrocytes of 2% (2/100) of the animals. Babesia vogeli was detected by PCR in ten animals (10%) and was correlated with young age (p = 0.007) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.01). None of the animals showed Hepatozoon spp. positivity. These results indicate that E. canis is the main tick-borne canine pathogen in the study area and provide the first report of B. vogeli infection in dogs from Paraiba State.

An advanced automation system for operation of Sao Paulo pumping stations from TRANSPETRO Master Control Center - CNCO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Corcioli, Mario Sergio; Barreto, Camila Maria Benevenuto [TRANSPETRO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2009-07-01

Since 2000 the operations of the TRANSPETRO pumping stations in the state of Sao Paulo region began to be transferred from local control centers located at the transfer and storage terminals to the National Operational Control Center (CNCO) of TRANSPETRO, located at the headquarters of the company, in Rio de Janeiro. The proposed paper aims to presenting an overview of the automation system that was developed to enable such pumping stations to be operated from CNCO in a reliable and secure manner, focusing on tools that offer an embedded system alarms completely free of false alarms with automatic determining of the root cause, and also automatic and advanced diagnoses of problems caused by failures of hardware, human error and abnormal conditions of the process, providing the CNCO SCADA system of accurate and quality information that help operators to make decisions. The referred automation system was integrated for the first time to CNCO SCADA system in 2000, for pipeline pumps of Osvat (Sao Sebastiao - Vale do Paraiba pipeline) station at the Sao Sebastiao Terminal - northern coast of Sao Paulo region. (author)

ESR dating at K and X band of northeastern Brazilian megafauna

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kinoshita, Angela; Magnolia Franca, Alcina; Augusto Costa de Almeida, Jose; Maria Figueiredo, Ana; Nicolucci, Patricia; Graeff, Carlos F.O.; Baffa, Oswaldo

2005-01-01

The archaeological dose (AD) was measured in three tooth samples of giant mammals that belonged to Brazilian megafauna using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy at X-band (ν ∼9.5GHz) and K-band (ν ∼24GHz). Samples were collected in Lagoa de Dentro, Puxinana city in Paraiba, a northeast state in Brazil and were identified as Haplomastodon waringi (Holland) (two teeth) and one tooth sample of Xenorhinotherium bahiense (Cartele and Lessa). The average AD led to an age for the Haplomastodon samples of 11.6kybp. For one sample (Haplomastodon) K-band was also employed to evaluate the AD. The K-band spectrum had three components, determined using spectral simulation as follows: a wide isotropic line with g factor 2.0048, an orthorhombic line with gx=2.0034, gy=2.0022 and gz=1.9974, and another isotropic line with g factor 2.0008. The amplitude of these three signals increase with the added dose and the average dose found was 26+/-5Gy. This result is compatible with the AD determined with X-band 21+/-3Gy

Spatial characterization of Leptospira spp. infection in equids from the Brejo Paraibano micro-region in Brazil

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Ruy Brayner Oliveira Filho

2014-05-01

Full Text Available The present study, the first to spatially characterize Leptospira spp. infection among equids in the Brejo Paraibano micro-region of the Paraiba state in the northeast of Brazil, investigated 257 animals in 26 farms properties. Serum samples from 204 horses, 46 mules and seven donkeys were serologically diagnosed using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT. The distribution of Leptospira spp. was studied by employing specific antigens from 24 different Leptospira serovars. All farms were georeferenced and their distribution visualised on a map of the Brejo Paraibano micro-region. In addition, rainfall data were obtained from the same year, in which the sampling was performed. Among the 20 farms found to harbour animals with leptospirosis, 14 (70% exhibited low prevalence, five (25% medium prevalence and one (5%, high prevalence. Certain areas had a higher density of infected farms and required intervention to control the infection. Many serovars were widely distributed, while others were more common in particular areas. There was no significant association between the prevalence of Leptospira spp. infection and rainfall.

Characterization of bentonite clay from Cubati, PB, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Batista, A.P.; Marques, L.N.; Campos, L.A.; Neves, G.A.; Ferreira, H.C.; Menezes, R.R.

2009-01-01

The bentonite of the State of Paraiba are commercially used in numerous technological sectors, particularly in oil drilling muds. However, these bentonite deposits are becoming exhausted after decades of exploitation. Thus, the aim of this work was to characterize physically, mineralogically and technologically bentonite clays from Cubati city, PB. The samples were dried at 60 deg C and characterized through X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal and gravimetric analyzes and scanning electronic microscopy. The natural bentonite clays were transformed into sodium bentonite by Na_2CO_3 solution treatment. It was estimated the rheological properties of the suspensions: apparent and plastic viscosities and water loss. The results showed that the samples are polycationic bentonite clays, containing amounts of MgO, CaO and K_2O similar to those of bentonite from Boa Vista, PB, and are composed of smectite, kaolinite and quartz. The samples presented fractions of particles size under 2 μm of 30 and 32%. The rheological properties showed that the samples presented technological potential to be used in drilling muds. (author)

Endometriosis e infertilidad

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O. Emilio Fernández, Dr.

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo revisa la evidencia reciente relacionada con el impacto de la endometriosis sobre la fertilidad. La endometriosis se presenta durante la vida reproductiva y es diagnosticada frecuentemente en mujeres en estudio de infertilidad. Tiene múltiples formas de presentación: peritoneal, infiltración profunda, ovárica y/o nódulo rectovaginal. En las etapas avanzadas la infertilidad se explica por la distorsión anatómica de los órganos reproductivos, y en las etapas iniciales, sin distorsión anatómica, se debería a la presencia una de reacción inflamatoria peritoneal, que compromete eventos reproductivos claves como el desarrollo folicular, la ovulación, el desarrollo embrionario y la implantación. El tratamiento de la endometriosis es quirúrgico y consiste en la resección tumoral máxima que permite restablecer la fecundidad natural. Tratamientos complementarios como IO, IIU e IVF, resultan apropiados cuando la cirugía no logra recuperar la fertilidad, en estadios avanzados y/o frente a la presencia de otros factores asociados de infertilidad.

MANIFESTAÇÃO DE ESTRO, FERTILIDADE E DESEMPENHO REPRODUTIVO DE CABRAS LEITEIRAS DE DIFERENTES RAÇAS EM AMBIENTE QUENTE

OpenAIRE

Débora Andréa Evangelista Façanha Morais; Fátima Révia Granja Lima; Ângela Maria de Vasconcelos; Patrícia de Oliveira Lima; Jacinara Hody Gurgel Morais

2008-01-01

The work was conducted in Acauã site, in Caucaia - Ceará State, in a "semi-árida" coast region. The objective was to evaluate thermal stress occurrence and his possible impact on ovulation induction treatment efficiency, onset of estrous behavior of dairy Goats from different breeds. Twenty two adult goats were utilized: 10 Saanen, 4 American Alpines and 8 ½ Murciana x undefined breed, raised in installations with high floor, side windows and sunny areas. The estrous induction treatment was c...

Morphologic characterization for XRD and TEM of polyamide 6 and 66 nanocomposites with bentonite regional clay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leite, Amanda M.D.; Medeiros, Vanessa da N.; Maia, Larissa F.; Araujo, Edcleide M.; Lira, Helio L.

2009-01-01

Polyamide 6 and 66 nanocomposites with clay consisting of silicates layer from Paraiba were produced. The clay was modified being used the quaternary salt of ammonium Cetremide, this so there is a better interaction of the clay with polymeric matrix. The clay without treatment (MMT) and treated clay was evaluated by XRD that showed the insertion of the salt molecules into silicates layer. The nanocomposites were obtained from polyamide 6 and 66 were verified that these presented morphological structure composed of exfoliated/partially exfoliated, analyzed by XRD and TEM. (author)

Body condition score to predict the postpartum fertility of crossbred beef cows Condição corporal na predição da fertilidade pós-parto de vacas de corte cruzadas

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José Carlos Ferrugem Moraes

2007-05-01

Full Text Available The relationship between changes in body condition score (BCS during the postpartum and fertility in beef cows suckling calves under extensive conditions were investigated. Cows were subjected to four BCS evaluations over the postpartum period, starting around one month after calving. In the second evaluation cows were treated with medroxy-progesterone acetate impregnated pessaries and received an injection of estradiol benzoate. At the third evaluation, pessaries were removed and calves were separated from the cows for 96 hours, during which time estrous was observed twice a day, and animals artificially inseminated 12 hours after detection. When calves returned to their dams, bulls were introduced until a 60-day mating period was reached. The distribution of BCS differed among calving groups and evaluations. Results indicated that only cows comprising a BCS 3 (1 to 5 scale around the first month postpartum can be used in an artificial insemination program with possibilities of becoming pregnant. There was no statistical difference between the calving groups in pregnancy rate. The evolution of the BCS of the cows during postpartum can be used to adjust the start of the breeding season to coincide with the time of the year where herd pregnancy rates will be highest.A relação entre as modificações no escore de condição corporal (BCS e a fertilidade de vacas de corte durante o pós-parto foi examinada em grupos organizados em função das datas dos partos. Foram efetuadas quatro avaliações com início em torno de um mês pós-parto. Na segunda avaliação, as vacas receberam pessários impregnados com acetato de medroxi-progesterona e uma injeção de benzoato de estradiol. Na sua remoção, foi efetuada a terceira avaliação e separação dos terneiros durante quatro dias. Durante esse período foi observado cio duas vezes ao dia, sendo as inseminações realizadas 12 horas após. Depois do retorno dos terneiros às vacas, foram

Biologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade de Spodoptera eridania (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae em morangueiro e videira Biology, fertility life table and effect of insecticides on Spodoptera eridania (Cramer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae in strawberry and grape

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Lígia Caroline Bortoli

2012-12-01

Full Text Available A biologia de Spodoptera eridania foi estudada em laboratório (22±1ºC, UR 70±10%, fotofase de 14 horas, em folhas de morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa cv. 'Aromas' e videira (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. A duração e a viabilidade do ciclo total foram, respectivamente, de 52,2±1,32 dias e 37,6% para morangueiro e 42,2±0,45 dias e 25,5% para videira. A razão sexual em morangueiro foi de 0,58, e 0,48 em videira. A longevidade média de machos e fêmeas em morangueiro foi de 16,3±1,16 e 15,8±1,85 dias, respectivamente, e 5,6±0,88 e 7,3±0,83 dias em videira. A fecundidade média total foi de 1.747,5±187,32 ovos por fêmea em morangueiro, e 1.764,9±289,04 em videira. A tabela de vida de fertilidade mostrou que a taxa líquida de reprodução e a razão finita de aumento foram de 394,89 e 1,10, respectivamente, para morangueiro, e de 213,98 e 1,12 para videira. As culturas do morangueiro cv. 'Aromas' e da videira cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon' são hospedeiras favoráveis e equivalentes quanto ao potencial de crescimento populacional de S. eridania.The biology of Spodoptera eridania was studied in the laboratory (22±1ºC, RH 70±10%, 14 hours of photoperiod in leaves of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. 'Aromas' and grape (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. The duration and viability of the entire cycle were respectively 52.2±1.32 days and 37.6% for strawberry and 42.2±0.45 days and 25.5% for grapes. The sex ratio in strawberry was 0.58 and 0.48 on grape. The average longevity of males and females in strawberry was 16.3±1.16 and 15.8±1.85 days, respectively, and 5.6±0.88 and 7.3±0.83 days in grape. The mean fecundity was 1,747.5±187.32 eggs per female in strawberry and 1,764.9±289.04 on grape. The life table of fertility showed that the net reproduction rate and finite rate of increase were 394.89 and 1.10, respectively, for strawberry and 213.98 and 1.12 for grapevine. Strawberry cv. 'Aromas' and grape cv

El aceite usado de motor como combustible alternativo

OpenAIRE

Coronado, Marcelo

2016-01-01

La inadecuada gestión del aceite usado origina una serie de problemas ambientales dentro de los cuales podríamos citar los siguientes: - Si el aceite usado es vertido al suelo, este destruye el humus, mata la materia viva que hay en el suelo y disminuye su fertilidad. Por infiltración contamina las aguas subterráneas haciéndolas inadecuadas para el uso humano.

Un estudio exploratorio sobre la donación hipotética de embriones humanos en el Perú

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Jorge Alberto Álvarez-Díaz

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Explorar opiniones de pacientes que han acudido a técnicas de reproducción asistida (TRA complejas, respecto a la donación de gametos y embriones, así como las razones para hacerlo o no. Diseño: Estudio transversal de bioética descriptiva, con metodología cualitativa etnográfica, mediante entrevista semiestructurada, aplicando análisis del discurso al texto resultante. Lugar: Clínica privada, en Lima, Perú. Participantes: Veinte mujeres y 12 hombres, quienes habían acudido por lo menos a una TRA compleja. Intervenciones: Entrevista semiestructurada, aplicando análisis del discurso al texto resultante. Principales medidas de resultados: Opinión sobre donación de gametos y embriones. Resultados: Respecto a la donación de embriones, 11 de los hombres los donarían con fines de terapia de fertilidad, 6 con fines de investigación y solamente uno rechazó ambas posibilidades de donación. Las 20 mujeres entrevistadas, por su parte, los donarían para terapia de fertilidad y 8 de ellas con fines de investigación. Los participantes que han aceptado gametos donados, no necesariamente piensan que donarían los propios en caso de poder hacerlo. Conclusiones: La donación de gametos es más comentada y generalmente aceptada; la donación de embriones es un tema menos discutido y más conflictivo, tanto para donar como para aceptar. La criopreservación es un tema complejo, comentado pero también conflictivo, cuya aceptación o no, así como el destino de los embriones probablemente criopreservados, depende de las concepciones que se tiene respecto al origen de la vida, la ética personal, entre otros. Se puede plantear una hipótesis, a ser verificada en estudios cuantitativos, de que la donación de embriones podría efectuarse, principalmente, para terapia de fertilidad y excepcionalmente con fines de investigación.

Efeito de sistemas de manejo de solo e de rotação de culturas na fertilidade do solo, após vinte anos Soil tillage and crop rotation systems on soil fertility attributes after twenty years

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Henrique Pereira dos Santos

2008-01-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, ainda são escassos os estudos disponíveis com experimentos de longa duração em sistemas de manejo de solo e de rotação de culturas. Após vinte anos (1985 a 2005, a fertilidade de solo foi avaliada, em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico, em Passo Fundo (RS, em quatro sistemas de manejo de solo (SMSs - 1 plantio direto (PD, 2 cultivo mínimo (CM, 3 preparo convencional de solo com arado de discos e com grade de discos (PCD e 4 preparo convencional de solo com arado de aivecas e com grade de discos (PCA - e em três sistemas de rotação de culturas (SRCs: I (trigo/soja, II (trigo/soja e ervilhaca/milho e III (trigo/soja, ervilhaca/milho e aveia branca/soja, incluindo como testemunha um fragmento adjacente de floresta subtropical (FST. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e três repetições. As parcelas (4 x 90 m no total de 12, foram constituídas pelos SMSs, e as subparcelas, pelos SRCs (4 x 10 m, no total de 72. Os valores de pH, carbono, P extraível e K disponível diferiram entre os SMSs. No PD, houve acúmulo de carbono orgânico, P e K, na camada superficial. Não houve diferença do nível de matéria orgânica (MOS entre PD e FST, em todas as camadas estudadas. O nível de MOS e os teores de P e K foram mais elevados na camada 0-0,05 m, quando comparados com os observados de 0,15-0,20 m de profundidade, sob PD e nas rotações II e III. Observou-se que em FST os valores de pH, Ca, P e de K foram menores do que os dos SMSs e SRCs.Long term field studies on crop rotation and soil tillage systems under Brazilian conditions are scarce. Soil fertility characteristics were assessed after twenty years (1985 to 2005 on a typical dystrophic Red Latosol located in Passo Fundo, in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state of Brazil. Four soil tillage systems (STS - 1 no-tillage, 2 minimum tillage, 3 conventional tillage using disk plow followed by disk harrow, and 4

Plasmid composition and virulence-associated factors of Yersinia pestis isolates from a plague outbreak at the Paraíba State, Brazil Composição plasmidial e fatores associados à virulência em cepas de Yersinia pestis de um surto de peste no Estado da Paraíba, Brasil

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Nilma Cintra Leal

1989-10-01

Full Text Available Pathogenic Yersinia pestis isolates were collected during a plague outbreak at the Paraiba State in 1986. The Y. pestis isolates were investigated for the presence of virulence-associated factors and plasmid content. All strains analysed were proficient in the expression of the VW and fraction 1 antigens, pigment adsorption and pesticin-fibronolysin-coagulase production. A similar plasmid profile composed by four plasmid with molecular weight of 60, 44, 14.9, and 6.4 Megadaltons (MD was found in all strains. DNA cleavage with EcoRI restriction enzyme further demonstrated the uniform plasmid content of the Y. pestis isolates. Seven additional Y. pestis strains, previously isolated in the same region but in an endemic state, showed the same plasmid fingerprint. The lack of any detectable difference between epidemic and endemic isolates as well as the value of plasmid fingerprints in epidemiology of Y. pestis is discussed.Cepas patogênicas de Yersinia pestis foram coletadas durante um surto de peste no Estado da Paraíba em 1986. Os isolados de Y. pestis foram analisados quanto a presença de fatores associados à virulência e conteúdo plasmidial. Todas as linhagens analisadas foram proficientes na expressão dos antígenos VW e fração 1, além de possuírem capacidade de adsorção de pigmentos e produção de pesticina-fibrinolisina-coagulase. Um perfil plasmidial semelhante composto por quatro plasmídeos com peso molecular de 60, 44, 14.9, e 6.4 MD foi encontrado em todas as linhagens. A clivagem do DNA plasmidial com a enzima de restrição EcoRI demonstrou o conteúdo plasmidial uniforme dos isolados de Y. pestis. Sete outras linhagens de Y. pestis, isoladas previamente no mesmo local mas em condição endêmica, mostraram o mesmo perfil plasmidial. A falta de diferenças entre os isolados epidêmicos e endêmicos assim como o uso do perfil plasmidial na epidemiologic de Y. pestis e discutida.

Efeitos da aplicação de efluente de tratamento de esgoto na fertilidade do solo e produtividade de pepino sob irrigação subsuperficial Application effects of sewage treatment effluent on soil fertility and yield of cucumber with subsurface irrigation

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Leonardo P. de Azevedo

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar técnicas para a aplicação de águas residuárias na agricultura, proporcionando melhor reutilização de água, recurso natural atualmente escasso e muito mal disponibilizado. Utilizou-se da cultura de pepino (Cucumis sativus L. em estufa, com oito parcelas irrigadas com efluentes de tratamento de esgoto residencial e oito parcelas irrigadas com água tratada e distribuída pela SABESP (tratamento-testemunha, ambas abastecidas por sistema de irrigação subsuperficial, avaliando-se a produção média por planta, a fertilidade do solo e a disposição de nutrientes na água do solo. Nas análises do solo, verificaram-se maiores teores de P, K e CTC no solo irrigado com efluentes. Nesse mesmo tratamento, constataram-se os maiores teores de N, nitrato, Ca, Mg, Zn e S para as análises da água retida na matriz do solo. Quanto à produção total média por planta, as parcelas irrigadas com efluente apresentaram 2.769,6 g de matéria fresca, superior aos 1.968,6 g verificados no tratamento-testemunha, demonstrando a importância da utilização de efluente de esgoto para o fornecimento de nutrientes e aumento de produtividade.The objective of this work was to develop techniques to apply wasted water in agriculture, providing a better reuse of water, a natural resource which is scarce and very bad avaliable. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. crop was used inside a greenhouse, with plots irrigated with treated water and plots irrigated with reclaimed water from residential sewage treatment, fed by a subsurface irrigation system, in order to assess the average production, soil fertility and water soil nutrient arrangement. In the soil basic analyse, increased levels of P, K and CTC were detected in the effluent irrigated soil. This same treatment demonstrated increased levels of N, nitrate, Ca, Mg, Zn and S for water soil analyse. In the average production per plant, the irrigated treatment by

Determination of effective dose rate reference values in São José do Sabugi, PB, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Medeiros, Nilson V. da S.; Santos Júnior, José A. dos; Amaral, Romilton dos S.; Santos, Josineide M. do N.; Araújo, Eduardo E.N. de; Santos Junior, Otávio P. dos; Correia, Filipe L. de B.; Silveira, Patrícia B.

2017-01-01

Brazil has some areas with elevated concentration of uranium and/or thorium, such as Guarapari in the State of Espírito Santo, Poços de Caldas in Minas Gerais and regions between the States of Pernambuco and Paraíba.The Seridó region, in the State of Paraiba, consists of rocks classified as pegmatites, gneisses and feldspars, with high level of uranium ores. The high levels of primordial radionuclides have been the focus of the studies performed in the area, specifically in the uranium deposit of Espinharas and some adjacent municipalities. The aim of this work was to carry out 'in situ' measurements in the city of São José do Sabugi, Paraíba. Measurements were done using a portable gamma discriminator with combined NaI (Tl) and BGO probe, coupled to a motor vehicle that allowed to monitor 520 points in the urban and rural areas of said municipality, obtaining effective dose rates ranging from 0.7 to 1.56 mSv.y -1 and averages of 0.26 mSv.y -1 and 0.87 mSv.y -1 , respectively. The results obtained for radiometry of this municipality allow to conclude that the urban and rural areas meet the criteria established by UNSCEAR for areas considered as low background radiation. With this work, reference parameters were established for radiometric characterization of the surrounding municipalities to the uranium deposit of Espinharas. (author)

Determination of effective dose rate reference values in São José do Sabugi, PB, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Medeiros, Nilson V. da S.; Santos Júnior, José A. dos; Amaral, Romilton dos S.; Santos, Josineide M. do N.; Araújo, Eduardo E.N. de; Santos Junior, Otávio P. dos; Correia, Filipe L. de B., E-mail: nilson.medeiros@ufpe.br, E-mail: jaraujo@ufpe.br [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Grupo de Radioecologia; Rojas, Lino A.V., E-mail: linomarvic@gmail.com [Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, La Habana (Cuba); Silveira, Patrícia B., E-mail: pbrandao@cnen.gov.br [Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares (CRCN-NE/CNEN-PE), Recife, PE (Brazil)

2017-07-01

Brazil has some areas with elevated concentration of uranium and/or thorium, such as Guarapari in the State of Espírito Santo, Poços de Caldas in Minas Gerais and regions between the States of Pernambuco and Paraíba.The Seridó region, in the State of Paraiba, consists of rocks classified as pegmatites, gneisses and feldspars, with high level of uranium ores. The high levels of primordial radionuclides have been the focus of the studies performed in the area, specifically in the uranium deposit of Espinharas and some adjacent municipalities. The aim of this work was to carry out 'in situ' measurements in the city of São José do Sabugi, Paraíba. Measurements were done using a portable gamma discriminator with combined NaI (Tl) and BGO probe, coupled to a motor vehicle that allowed to monitor 520 points in the urban and rural areas of said municipality, obtaining effective dose rates ranging from 0.7 to 1.56 mSv.y{sup -1} and averages of 0.26 mSv.y{sup -1}and 0.87 mSv.y{sup -1}, respectively. The results obtained for radiometry of this municipality allow to conclude that the urban and rural areas meet the criteria established by UNSCEAR for areas considered as low background radiation. With this work, reference parameters were established for radiometric characterization of the surrounding municipalities to the uranium deposit of Espinharas. (author)

La fertilidad masculina, el zinc y los ácidos grasos

OpenAIRE

Giraldo Villagrá, Ana

2017-01-01

En la actualidad la infertilidad es un tema importante a tratar debido a su aumento en los últimos años junto con un descenso de la maternidad y una población envejecida. Los factores claves como el ejercicio, el peso, el estilo de vida y la alimentación acentúan este problema. Por ello se ha llevado a cabo esta revisión cuyo objetivo principal es recopilar conocimientos sobre la dieta y/o suplementación con zinc y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados y como podría afectar una posi...

Patología uterina y su impacto en la fertilidad

OpenAIRE

V. Jaime Albornoz, Dr.; A. Gonzalo Duque, Dr.

2010-01-01

El útero es un órgano fundamental dentro del proceso reproductivo y participa en eventos claves, como el transporte espermático, la implantación y la nutrición fetal. Los miomas uterinos, las anomalías congénitas, los pólipos endometriales y las sinequias uterinas son las principales patologías uterinas en mujeres en edad reproductiva, y pueden ser causa de infertilidad, aborto recurrente o parto prematuro. De acuerdo a la evidencia, el tratamiento quirúrgico de miomas uterinos submucosos e i...

Patología uterina y su impacto en la fertilidad

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V. Jaime Albornoz, Dr.

2010-05-01

Full Text Available El útero es un órgano fundamental dentro del proceso reproductivo y participa en eventos claves, como el transporte espermático, la implantación y la nutrición fetal. Los miomas uterinos, las anomalías congénitas, los pólipos endometriales y las sinequias uterinas son las principales patologías uterinas en mujeres en edad reproductiva, y pueden ser causa de infertilidad, aborto recurrente o parto prematuro. De acuerdo a la evidencia, el tratamiento quirúrgico de miomas uterinos submucosos e intramurales (que distorsionan la cavidad uterina, pólipos endometriales y sinequias se asocia a un aumento significativo en las tasas de embarazo. El tratamiento quirúrgico del septum uterino disminuye significativamente la probabilidad de aborto a repetición y puede incrementar la probabilidad de embarazo en pacientes sin otra causa aparente de infertilidad. El tratamiento quirúrgico de miomas intramurales y subserosos (que no comprometen la cavidad endometrial es controvertido y su indicación depende de la evaluación de cada caso en particular.

Avaliação da fertilidade dos solos de sistemas agroflorestais com cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L. em Lavras-MG Evaluation of soil fertility in agroforest systems with coffee trees (Coffea arabica L. in Lavras-MG

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Bruno Grandi Salgado

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a fertilidade dos solos em um sistema agroflorestal composto por cafeeiros (Coffea arábica L. - Mundo Novo, ingazeiros (Inga vera Willd e grevíleas (Grevilea robusta A. Cunn, situado em Lavras, Minas Gerais, foi instalado o presente experimento. Usou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e sete repetições. Os tratamentos foram: a cafeeiros a pleno sol, b cafeeiros consorciados com ingazeiros e c cafeeiros consociados com grevílea. Os espaçamentos dos cafeeiros nos três sistemas foi 4 x 1 m, para o ingazeiro 8 m x 15 m e para a grevílea 12 m x 10 m. Aos 15 anos de idade do cafeeiro e do ingazeiro e aos 9 anos da grevílea foram avaliadas as seguintes características dos solos, pH, acidez potencial (H+Al, alumínio trocável (Al+3, bases trocáveis (Ca+2 e Mg+2, potássio disponível (K+, fósforo disponível(P, enxofre (S, CTC efetiva (T, soma de bases (SB, saturação de bases (V e matéria orgânica (MO. Os resultados foram submetidos à analise de variância e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott. Após a análise dos dados, concluiu-se que, embora tenha havido diferenças entre alguns elementos estudados, as características químicas dos solos nos três sistemas não foram severamente afetadas.The objective of this wark was to evaluat e the soil fertility in an agroforest system using coffee trees (Coffea arabica L - Mundo Novo, inga trees (Inga vera Wild and grevillea trees (Grevillea robusta A Cunn situated in Lavras, Minas Geris. A completely randomized experimental design with tree treatments and seven replicates was utilized. The treatments were : a coffee trees in full sunshine; b coffee trees mixed with inga trees and c coffee trees mixed with grevillea trees. Tree spacings in the three systems were 4 x 1m for coffee, 8 m x 15 m for inga and 12 x 10 m for grevillea. With coffee and inga trees at 15 years of age and grevillea trees at 9 years of age

Alterações ocorridas pelo manejo em Latossolo, Rondônia, Amazônia Brasileira

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Gustavo Souza Valladares

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar atributos de fertilidade, frações da matéria orgânica, incluindo ácido fúlvico, ácido húmico, humina e matéria orgânica leve, densidade e volume total de poros, em um Latossolo Amarelo distrófico, sob cultura perene, pastagem e floresta amazônica em área de assentamento rural conhecida como Gleba Machadinho (RO. As coletas das amostras de solo ocorreram em 2004; foram amostradas as camadas superficiais do solo na profundidade de 0-0,1 m. Verificou-se melhoria na fertilidade dos solos sob culturas perenes, com diminuição da acidez e aumento dos teores de nutrientes. Não foi verificada diferença nos teores totais de carbono orgânico dos solos, porém variações nas frações orgânicas, ocorrendo menores teores de matéria orgânica leve e maior relação das substâncias húmicas alcalino solúveis em comparação à humina nos solos com culturas perenes. Nas áreas de pastagem, o pisoteio animal causou aumento da densidade do solo e redução do volume total de poros.

EFEITO DA ADUBAÇÃO VERDE NA CULTURA DO MILHO (Zea mays L.

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Maxwel Rodrigues Nascimento

2017-03-01

Full Text Available A adubação verde consiste no cultivo de diferentes espécies vegetais em uma mesma área, em sucessão ou simultaneamente com a finalidade principal de melhorar a fertilidade do solo. Prefere-se assim, aquelas que produzam maior volume de matéria seca, estejam menos sujeitas a pragas e doenças e que possuam sementes relativamente uniformes e fáceis de semear. As plantas da família Fabaceae são as mais utilizadas na adubação verde por apresentarem elevado potencial em fixar o nitrogênio atmosférico.  Objetivou-se com a realização deste trabalho elaborar uma revisão de literatura sobre o rendimento da cultura do milho em consórcio e sucessão às espécies vegetais utilizadas para adubação verde. Com base nos resultados obtidos é possível inferir que a prática da adubação verde na cultura do milho é viável, além de melhorar a fertilidade e as características físicas do solo diminui a dependência por adubos minerais.

Arquitetura, fé e poder no Vale do Paraíba: o Gymnásio São Joaquim de

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Davi Coura Borges

2010-01-01

Full Text Available This work intends to understand the relations among the architecture faith and power in Parai-ba Valley analysed by the Education History. For this purpose, it was studied São Joaquim`s architecture, from 1890 to 1913, belonging to Catholic Church. As data were used the magazine O Grêmio founded in 1910 and written by the students of Joaquim Nabuco, from São Joaquim High School. It used to photos of CEDOC (Center of document of São Joaquim High School and the private collection of the teacher and photographer from Lorena, Ercio Molinary.

Cd, Cr y Ni en suelo y en eucalipto 5 años después de la aplicación de lodo de depuradora

OpenAIRE

Velasco Molina, Marta; Mattiazzo, M. E.

2007-01-01

Póster del Área 3: Fertilidad del Suelo y Nutrición de las Plantas, presentado con motivo del II congreso Ibérico de la Ciencia del Suelo que tuvo lugar en Huelva (España) del 13-17, junio, 2006, como parte de la actividad científica de la Sociedad Española de la Ciencia del Suelo (SPCS) y la Sociedade Portuguesa da Ciência do Solo (SPCS).

First report of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae in Achatina fulica (Mollusca: Gastropoda from Southeast and South Brazil

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Arnaldo Maldonado Júnior

2010-11-01

Full Text Available The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a worldwide-distributed zoonotic nematode that can cause human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Here, for the first time, we report the isolation of A. cantonensis from Achatina fulica from two Brazilian states: Rio de Janeiro (specifically the municipalities of Barra do Piraí, situated at the Paraiba River Valley region and São Gonçalo, situated at the edge of Guanabara Bay and Santa Catarina (in municipality of Joinville. The lungworms were identified by comparing morphological and morphometrical data obtained from adult worms to values obtained from experimental infections of A. cantonensis from Pernambuco, Brazil, and Akita, Japan. Only a few minor morphological differences that were determined to represent intra-specific variation were observed. This report of A. cantonensis in South and Southeast Brazil, together with the recent report of the zoonosis and parasite-infected molluscs in Northeast Brazil, provide evidence of the wide distribution of A. cantonensis in the country. The need for efforts to better understand the role of A. fulica in the transmission of meningoencephalitis in Brazil and the surveillance of molluscs and rodents, particularly in ports, is emphasized.

First report of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae) in Achatina fulica (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Southeast and South Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Maldonado, Arnaldo; Simões, Raquel O; Oliveira, Ana Paula M; Motta, Esther M; Fernandez, Mônica A; Pereira, Zilene M; Monteiro, Simone S; Torres, Eduardo J Lopes; Thiengo, Silvana Carvalho

2010-11-01

The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a worldwide-distributed zoonotic nematode that can cause human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Here, for the first time, we report the isolation of A. cantonensis from Achatina fulica from two Brazilian states: Rio de Janeiro (specifically the municipalities of Barra do Piraí, situated at the Paraiba River Valley region and São Gonçalo, situated at the edge of Guanabara Bay) and Santa Catarina (in municipality of Joinville). The lungworms were identified by comparing morphological and morphometrical data obtained from adult worms to values obtained from experimental infections of A. cantonensis from Pernambuco, Brazil, and Akita, Japan. Only a few minor morphological differences that were determined to represent intra-specific variation were observed. This report of A. cantonensis in South and Southeast Brazil, together with the recent report of the zoonosis and parasite-infected molluscs in Northeast Brazil, provide evidence of the wide distribution of A. cantonensis in the country. The need for efforts to better understand the role of A. fulica in the transmission of meningoencephalitis in Brazil and the surveillance of molluscs and rodents, particularly in ports, is emphasized.

Geochemical evaluation of a shale stratigraphic profile from Paraiba Valley (Tremembe)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Loureiro, M.R.B.; Cardoso, J.N.

1987-01-01

The sedimentary core ranges 0-35m depth and covers three types of bituminous shales, intercalated by two layers of sterile clay. A systematic geochemical study of samples of most stratigraphic layers was undertaken for the first time in this work, including elemental analysis (C, H), carbonate content, type of organic matter, infrared spectrometry and molecular characterization of organic extracts (hight-resolution) gas chromatography, mass spectrometry). No consistent correlation between lithology and amount/type of organic matter was observed, contrary to literature data, pointing out the paper shale strata as richest in organic matter. Molecular stratigraphy of the core presented similar n-alkane profiles generally maximizing at n-C 27 attesting to a small variation in input along the sedimentary section. Characterization of the branched/cyclic hydrocarbons evidenced a continental input to the sediment, as revealed by the presence, in several layers, of isometric des-A-fernenes, presumed products of diagenesis of arborinone. A microbial input was also evidenced through the general occurrence of hopanoids, trace amounts of steroidal skeletons as well as atomic H/C ratios ca. 2. The sharp variations in biomarker profiles with depth showed great potential as correlation markers in a detailed stratigraphic study of the basin, as a valuable supplement to traditional lithological parameters. (author) [pt

Mullite evidence for rapid firing from bentonite clay of Paraiba, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomes, Josileido; Brasileiro, Maria Isabel

2009-01-01

Bentonite clays are aluminium - silicates that when heated turn into mullite. The sintering of mullite obtained from these mineral clays by quick microwaves heating comes up as an alternative process for mullite powders synthesis. The use of quick heating on ceramics nano-powders synthesis is a recent technology that is being successfully used on synthesis with microwaves and synthesis process by combustion. The quick microwaves heating enables adding heat quickly and equally, accelerating the nucleation kinetics and the development of the mullite stage. Thus, the purpose of this work is to analyze the effect of the microwaves heating process variables, analyzing the influence of the applied power and of the heating rate on the mullite powders obtaining from bentonite clays. The clays have been favored and submitted to the following characterizations: chemical granulometric and mineralogically. Subsequently, the clays have been delamined aiming disagglomeration and separation of the thinner fractions and submitted to granulometric and mineralogical characterization. The synthesis has been realized on a domestic microwaves oven. The obtained powders have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the applied power variation and the sintering time are fundamental on the obtaining of mullite powders. (author)

Dinámica de la producción y descomposición del mantillo en el bosque muy húmedo tropical del Bajo Calima, en el departamento del Valle del Cauca Litter production and decomposition dynamics in the tropical moist

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Argüello Arias Heliodoro

1996-12-01

Full Text Available

En Colombia, como en otras regiones tropicales, la ampliación de la frontera agrícola se dirige hacia ecosistemas frágiles, como el bosque húmedo tropical. La literatura muestra información abundante respecto del papel que cumple la sucesión natural en la recuperación de la estabilidad de los ecosistemas luego de ser abandonados al ser irnproductivos agrícolamente. Es conocido que, si a las áreas abandonadas se les permite el tiempo necesario para desarrollar mecanismos cibernéticos, como el ciclaje de nutrimentos, la vegetación es capaz de restaurar la fertilidad del suelo a niveles suficientes para lograr una productividad neta alta. Este trabajo es parte de las investigaciones realizadas en el Baja Calima con el objetivo general de conocer la dinámica de los mecanismos restauradores de la fertilidad del suelo, a través de la sucesión natural, en áreas que antes fueron cultivadas. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la producción de hojarasca y su acumulación en el mantillo, analizando su dinámica en relación con el ciclaje de nutrimentos y la restauración de la fertilidad del suelo.

«Sangres» para propiciar la vida: metáforas y creencias sobre la concepción «humana» en el altiplano andino

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Vicente Martín, Patricia

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This article reflects on the participation of telluric entities in regulating and propitiating fertility in general and «human» fertility in particular in the Andes region. The first part of this study deals with the participation of telluric forces in the breeding of livestock and the propitiation of plant life, as well as resources in general. In view of the visibility of these propitiatory rites, the genesis of new individuals is couched in a language in which references to «blood» and excessive heat abound. This study of the notions relating to conception and human fertility in the Andes involves the systematization of references found in ethnographic literature, and presentation of my own research in rural areas of southern Potosi (Bolivia. I then go on to consider the bodily rhetoric of life-promoting pregnant bodies and their specificities with a view to probing more deeply into the concept of fertility of the people of the Andean plateau.Este artículo tiene como objetivo la reflexión sobre la participación de las entidades tutelares en la regulación y propiciación de la fertilidad en general y de la «humana» en particular en los Andes. La primera parte del estudio aborda la participación de las fuerzas telúricas en la multiplicación del ganado y la propiciación de la vida vegetal, así como de las riquezas en general. Frente a la visibilidad de estos ritos propiciatorios, la génesis de los nuevos individuos se enmascara en un lenguaje en el cual abundan las referencias a las «sangres» y al exceso de calor. El estudio de las ideas acerca de la concepción y la fertilidad humana en los Andes pasa por una sistematización de las referencias halladas en la literatura etnográfica, y por la exposición de mis propias investigaciones en áreas rurales de Potosí. Tras ello se abordan las retóricas corporales de los cuerpos gestantes que propician la vida y sus especificidades con el fin de ahondar en la compresión de los

Amostragem para avaliação da fertilidade do solo em função da variabilidade de suas características químicas Soil sampling for evaluation of fertility as a function of variability of chemical characteristics

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Hemmannuella C. Santos

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Visou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a variabilidade de características químicas do solo, definir o número de amostras simples para formar uma amostra composta e avaliar se a média aritmética das amostras simples é igual ao resultado da análise química da amostra composta. Realizaram-se três séries de amostragens constituídas de 36 amostras simples por série, em um Latossolo Amarelo. Os locais de retirada das amostras da primeira série se distanciaram 15 m um do outro, os da segunda série, 2,5 m, e os da terceira série, 0,42 m. Com as amostras de solo da primeira série, foram formuladas amostras compostas mediante a mistura homogênea de 4, 8, 14, 20, 28 e 36 amostras simples, utilizando-se três repetições. A variabilidade das características químicas do solo praticamente não variou quando o tamanho da área amostrada variou de 8.100 m² para 225 m². Para recomendação de calagem e adubação, as doses de calcário e fertilizante são, em geral, as mesmas, independentemente se a fertilidade média do solo é avaliada a partir da análise química da amostra composta ou a partir da média aritmética dos resultados das análises químicas das amostras simples. A coleta de pelo menos oito amostras simples de solo foi suficiente para formar uma amostra composta representativa.The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of chemical attributes of soil, to define the number of single samples required to form a composite sample and to evaluate if the mean fertility values obtained from the composite sample is the same as obtained from the arithmetic mean of single samples. Three series of sampling, each one with 36 samples collected in an Oxisol, were carried out. Samples of the first series were taken 15 m apart from each other, the second one 2.5 m, and the third one 0.42 m. Composite samples were formulated with samples of first series by a homogenous mixture of 4, 8, 14, 20, 28 e 36 single samples, with three

Utilidad de la histeroscopia en el fracaso de extracción de dispositivos intrauterinos

OpenAIRE

Zighelboim, Itic

2004-01-01

Objetivo: Establecer la utilidad de la histeroscopia para el diagnóstico y extracción de dispositivos intrauterinos con hilos no visibles y fracasos previos de extracción. Método: Se practicaron 106 histeroscopias ambulatorias para localizar y extraer los dispositivos intrauterinos. En todas las pacientes fracasaron intentos previos de extracción por diversos procedimientos. Ambiente: Servicio de Fertilidad, "Maternidad Concepción Palacios", Caracas. Resultados: La extracción de los intrauter...

Mechanical thermal evaluation of polyamide 6 with bentonite organo clay nanocomposites

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paz, Rene Anisio da; Araujo, Edcleide M.; Melo, Tomas Jeferson Alves de; Leite, Amanda M.D.; Cavalcanti, Shirley Nobrega; Pessan, Luiz Antonio

2009-01-01

This work had for objective to obtain polymeric nanocomposites of polyamide 6 and a clay consisting of silicates layer from of Paraiba mines and to evaluate evaluation mechanical thermal in different processing conditions. The clay was organically modified using a quaternary ammonium salt (Cetremide), so that there is a larger interaction of the clay with the polymer. The obtained nanocomposites showed the morphological structure composed exfoliated/partially exfoliated, as shown XRD. The results of HDT it because the clay increases the dimensional stability of PA6 in high temperatures, making possible the use of the nanocomposites for making of pieces with good resistance to the heat distortion. (author)

Specific profiles of perfluorinated compounds in surface and drinking waters and accumulation in mussels, fish, and dolphins from southeastern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Quinete, Natalia; Wu, Qian; Zhang, Tao; Yun, Se Hun; Moreira, Isabel; Kannan, Kurunthachalam

2009-10-01

Despite the concern over widespread distribution of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) even in sparsely populated regions of the world, few studies have reported their occurrence in South America. In this study, PFCs were measured in Rio de Janeiro State in southeast Brazil: in drinking water from various districts in the State, in river water and tucuxi dolphins from the Paraiba do Sul River, several species of fish from the State, and mussels from Guanabara Bay. Liver, kidney, and muscle from fishes were analyzed to enable an understanding of the tissue distribution of PFCs. PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS were detected in all drinking water samples in concentration ranges of 0.58-6.70, 0.35-2.82, and 0.15-1.00 ng L(-1), respectively. The profiles of PFCs in drinking water from Brazil (with PFOS concentrations comparable to or higher than those of PFOA) were different from the profiles that have been reported for other countries. In fish, concentrations of PFOS were, in general, higher in liver than in muscle. Concentrations of PFOA in livers of fish were similar to or lower than fish muscle tissue concentrations. PFOS and PFOA were found in brown mussels from Guanabara Bay. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of PFOA calculated for mussels were higher than the BCFs calculated for fishes. Elevated concentrations of PFUnDA (mean: 109+/-17.4 ng g(-1) wet weight) were found in mussels from certain locations within Guanabara Bay. Although PFCs were detected in all types of samples analyzed, the concentrations were generally lower than the concentrations reported for Japan and the USA.

Determination of attenuation factors for mortar of barite in terms of environmental dose equivalent and effective dose

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Almeida Junior, Airton T.; Campos, L.L.R.; Araujo, F.G.S.; Santos, M.A.P.; Nogueira, M.S.

2014-01-01

This work addresses the characterization of barite mortars used as Xray shielding materials through the following quantities: mass attenuation coefficient, air kerma, effective dose and ambient dose - H⁎(10). The experiment was carried out with the use of the following reference qualities: RQR4, RQR6, RQR9 e RQR10, specified in accordance with norm IEC 61267: Medical diagnostic Xray equipment - radiation conditions for use in the determination of characteristics. In this study values was determined experimentally for the attenuation of the Cream barite (density 2.99g/cm 3 , collected in the state of Sao Paulo), Purple barite (density 2.95g/cm 3 , collected in the state of Bahia) and White barite (density 3.10g/cm 3 , collected in the state of Paraiba). These materials, in the form of mortar, were disposed in the form of squares namely poof bodies, whose dimensions were 10 x 10 cm and thickness ranging from 3 to 15 mm approximately. In the experimental procedure, these proof bodies were irradiated with a Pantak, model HF320 industrial X-ray apparatus. The potentials applied to the respective X-ray tube were: 60kV, 80kV, 120kV and 150kV at a constant current of 1mA. The attenuation responses in function of thickness, for each of the materials analyzed, were used to draw the attenuation and transmission curves. The efficiency of the barite studied concerning the capacity to attenuate X-ray radiation for X-ray beams ranging from 60 to 150 kV indicated

TOXICIDADE DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS PARA O CONTROLE DE Tetranychus urticae KOCH, 1836 (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE

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Camila Santos Teixeira

2017-04-01

Full Text Available O ácaro rajado é considerado uma importante praga agrícola, causando danos em diferentes cultivos. O controle à base de acaricidas químicos pode vir a causar problemas ambientais e à saúde do homem. Desta forma o uso de óleos essenciais obtidos de produtos botânicos é uma alternativa no controle de pragas por apresentar baixo efeito residual, sendo objetivo deste trabalho avaliar a mortalidade e o efeito na fertilidade de fêmeas adultas de Tetranychus urticae submetidas a tratamentos com óleos essenciais de laranja doce e limoneno, fornecidos pela empresa Ferquima Indústria e Comércio LTDA., e pela empresa Pack Indústria e Comércio de Produtos Agropecuários LTDA., respectivamente. Para avaliar a ação fumigante do óleo essencial sobre os ácaros foram realizados testes submetendo fêmeas adultas de T. urticae à dose pura do óleo essencial utilizando as dosagens de 5, 15 e 25 µL em câmaras de fumigação. Após o período de exposição ao óleo foi contabilizado o número de ácaros mortos e a quantidade de ovos depositados. Os resultados não foram significativos para mortalidade e para fertilidade de fêmeas adultas de T. urticae.

Utilización de los actinomicetos en procesos de biofertilización

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Marcela Franco-Correa

2011-07-01

Full Text Available El mal uso agrícola de los suelos, que desafortunadamente ocurre en diferentes zonas cultivables, ha ido intensificando los problemas de fertilidad en los mismos. Particularmente, el uso intensivo de los fertilizantes y productos fitosanitarios químicos ha conllevado a elevar los costos de producción de muchos alimentos y otros derivados de la agricultura haciéndolos poco competitivos en el mercado. Los manejos agrícolas más sostenibles preconizan la disminución de agroquímicos, como alternativa al uso de estos compuestos, estrategias que cada día cobran más interés. En relación con los manejos sostenibles en agricultura, la posibilidad de usar técnicas basadas en el manejo de microorganismos que usualmente viven asociados a las plantas, ocurre en virtud de las acciones positivas que se sabe realizan. En efecto, determinados microorganismos que se desarrollan en asociación con las raíces de las plantas, en la llamada rizosfera, están involucrados en la promoción de crecimiento vegetal mediante un amplio rango de actividades. Estas acciones incluyen la estimulación de los ciclos biogeoquímicos de los nutrientes, mejora de la salud de la planta y la calidad estructural del suelo, factores claves de la fertilidad del mismo.

EFFECT OF THREE PROTOCOLS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS IN THE RATE OF PREGNANCY OF TWO RACIAL GROUPS OF LACTATING COWS IN PUERTO INCA DISTRICT

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Ramirez RJ

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Las bajas tasas de preñez en vacas cruzadas en el trópico húmedo, ha dificultado la implementación de los programas de inseminación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de tres protocolos de inseminación a tiempo fijo utilizando implante de progesterona y combinaciones, en la fertilidad de dos grupos raciales de bovinos. Se utilizaron vacas post parto (60 a 80 días de 4 a 6 años edad y condición corporal 3 a 3.5, que pertenecían a dos grupos raciales; B. indicus (n=30 y B. taurus (n=30; y cada grupo racial subdivididos en tres tratamientos de sincronización de celo CIDR+BE (n=10, CIDR+BE+GnRH (n=10 y CIDR+Synch (n=10. La eficiencia reproductiva lograda después de la aplicación de los protocolos de sincronización de celo a base de progesterona en combinación con bajas dosis estradiol y GnRH, fue de 80 – 100% de tasa de detección de celo y 45 a 60% de tasa de preñez. Concluyendo que no existe efecto de los tres protocolos de inseminación a tiempo fijo utilizando implante de progesterona y combinaciones en la fertilidad de dos grupos raciales de bovinos.

IGF-I, leptina, insulina e proteínas associadas à qualidade do plasma seminal: ação local

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Fernando Andrade Souza

2010-12-01

Full Text Available É possível que a expressividade de alguns elementos do plasma seminal dos bovinos, como proteínas e hormônios, possa servir como marcadores para sêmende alta ou baixa fertilidade. Vários estudos têm demonstrado a associação de proteínas do plasma seminalcom a fertilidade de touros. Dentre as mais estudadas, destacam-se aquelas com afinidade à heparina, que exercem importantes papéis na capacitaçãoespermática e na reação acrossômica. Alguns fatoresendócrinos e/ou locais, podem estar associados à expressividadee/ou função destas proteínas, auxiliandonas condições espermáticas favoráveis à fecundação. Dentre estes, destacam-se a insulina, a leptina e o fatorde crescimento semelhante à insulina do tipo I. Assim sendo, evidenciam diferenças entre animais,estando associados à estrutura e as condições metabólicasda célula espermática, auxiliando na determinação da qualidade do plasma seminal. Desta maneira,o estudo das proteínas do plasma seminal associadoà condição metabólica destes hormônios, presentesneste meio, pode servir como importante parâmetrode avaliação da condição reprodutiva do macho.

Schistosoma mansoni: aspectos quantitativos da fertilidade e sobrevida de vermes oriundos de cercárias irradiadas com 3 Krad, em camundongos Schistosoma mansoni: quantitative aspects of the fertility and survival of worms obtained from irradiated cercariae (3 Krad, in mice

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Gileno de Sá Cardoso

1990-02-01

Full Text Available Quatro grupos de camundongos albinos (Mus musculus não isogênicos foram infectados transcutaneamente com cerca de 450 cercárias (das cepas LE e SJ do S. mansoni não irradiadas (grupos controles e irradiadas com 3 Krad de radiação gama proveniente de cobalto-60, com a finalidade de observar o efeito da irradiação gama sobre a fertilidade das fêmeas e a sobrevida dos vermes no sistema porta. A partir do 33º dia ocorre uma certa estabilidade na população dos vermes sobreviventes, ficando esta população constante, notadamente em relação à cepa LE, até o final das observações (90º dia. Concluiu-se que esta dose de radiação gama impede a produção de ovos dos vermes em 98,1% dos camundongos infectados, sendo mortos todos os ovos detectados; as fêmeas são mais resistentes à irradiação e o efeito desta sobre a mortalidade dos machos somente se torna estatisticamente significativo a partir do 61º dia de infecção. O longo tempo de permanência de vermes adultos irradiados estéreis no sistema porta de camundongos e o seu provável envolvimento no desenvolvimento de imunoproteção, tipo imunidade concomitante sem as implicações imunopatológicas para o hospedeiro, são discutidos nesse trabalho.The effect of gamma irradiation on the fertility of female mice, as well as the survival of worms in their portal system, have been observed in four groups of outbred albino mice (Mus musculus, experimentally infected with ca 450 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (LE and SJ strains, by transcutaneous route. The cercariae used were a non-irradiated (control groups, and b irradiated with 3 Krad of gamma irradiation (Co-60. From the 33rd day on, some estability in the population of surviving worm could be observed. This population remained constant till the end of the observation period (90th day, notedly in relation to the LE strain. Thus, it was concluded that gamma irradiation (at the dose of 3 Krad is able to hinder the worm egg

MANIFESTAÇÃO DE ESTRO, FERTILIDADE E DESEMPENHO REPRODUTIVO DE CABRAS LEITEIRAS DE DIFERENTES RAÇAS EM AMBIENTE QUENTE

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Débora Andréa Evangelista Façanha Morais

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The work was conducted in Acauã site, in Caucaia - Ceará State, in a "semi-árida" coast region. The objective was to evaluate thermal stress occurrence and his possible impact on ovulation induction treatment efficiency, onset of estrous behavior of dairy Goats from different breeds. Twenty two adult goats were utilized: 10 Saanen, 4 American Alpines and 8 ½ Murciana x undefined breed, raised in installations with high floor, side windows and sunny areas. The estrous induction treatment was conducted using vaginal sponges with MAP, intramuscularly Cloprostenol and eCG. In the environment were registered air temperature and humidity, Radiant Heat Load and Black-Globe Humidity Index. Rectal temperature was similar between breeds and partum order. Respiratory rate was higher in Alpine goats. The induction treatment and estrous behavior interval was similar in ½ Murciana x undefined breed goats and Saanen goats and higher in Alpines and multiparous goats. The fertility rate at 1st AI was lower in ½ Murciana x undefined breed goats and multiparous goats.

Efectos subletales de la lambda-cialotrina sobre Eisenia fetida (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) Sublethal effects of lambda-cyhalothrin on Eisenia fetida (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae)

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Tamara Ricardo; Maria Inés Maitre; Alba Rut Rodríguez

2010-01-01

El uso intensivo de agroquímicos provoca efectos dañinos sobre la fauna no blanco. Dentro de la misma, los oligoquetos contribuyen a mantener la estructura y fertilidad del suelo. La lambda-cialotrina es uno de los insecticidas piretroides más utilizados en la Argentina, pero son escasos los datos existentes acerca de su toxicidad sobre oligoquetos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar mediante bioensayos de toxicidad crónica los efectos de lambda-cialotrina (producto comercial al 5%)...

ESTIMATIVA DA FASE DO CICLO ESTRAL POR CITOLOGIA VAGINAL EM CADELAS (Canis familiaris, LINNAEUS, 1758) DA REGIÃO DE ITUVERAVA-SP

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Ferreira da Costa, Elaine Cristina; Fafram; Léga, Elzylene; Fafram; Neves, Letícia; Fafram

2009-01-01

O ciclo estral da cadela se divide em fases sucessivas e individualizadas, sendo elas: proestro, estro, metaestro e diestro, seguido de anestro. Estas fases podem ser diferenciadas por exames hormonais ou citológicos, o que permite estimar o período de fertilidade, distúrbios do ciclo estral e inatividade sexual. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve o intuito de realizar exames citológicos vaginais em cadelas e identificar seus escores reprodutivos. Para tanto, foram realizados exames em 91 ...

Construyendo resiliencia socioecológica en huertos urbanos y periurbanos en Querétaro; adaptaciones urbanas ante el desafío de la soberanía alimentaria y el cambio climático : Hacia la activación de un diálogo de saberes de urbicultor a urbicultor

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Villavicencio Valdez, Gabriela; Suzán Azpiri, Humberto; Ribeiro Palacios, Mónica; Altieri, M. A.

2015-01-01

La resiliencia socioecológica depende tanto de las amenazas, la vulnerabilidad y de la capacidad adaptativa de sistemas agroecológicos para diversificar, promover interacciones y sinergias benéficas entre sus componentes, regenerar la fertilidad del suelo, mantener la productividad, proteger los cultivos y recuperarse de los daños causados. Se evaluará la resiliencia socioecológica de los 28 huertos urbanos identificados en la zona urbana y metropolitana de Querétaro en el contexto del cambio...

Integración de microorganismos benéficos (Hongos micorrícicos y bactérias izosféricas) en agrosistemas de las Islas Canarias

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Jaizme-Vega, María del Carmen; Rodríguez-Romero, Ana Sue

2008-01-01

La actividad microbiana de la rizosfera es, en gran medida, responsable del funcionamiento del ecosistema y de la fertilidad de los suelos agrícolas. Entre los microorganismos benéficos del suelo, tanto los hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares (MA) como las bacterias rizosféricas promotoras del crecimiento (BRPC), constituyentes claves de la zona rizosférica, contribuyen a mejorar el desarrollo y la nutrición de la planta, así como a incrementar la tolerancia de los ...

Efectos subletales de la lambda-cialotrina sobre eisenia fetida (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae)

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Ricardo, Tamara; Maitre, Maria Ines; Rodriguez, Alba Rut

2017-01-01

El uso intensivo de agroquímicos provoca efectos indeseables sobre la fauna no blanco. Dentro de la misma, los oligoquetos contribuyen a mantener la estructura y fertilidad del suelo. La lambda-cialotrina es uno de los insecticidas piretroides más utilizados en Argentina, pero son escasos los datos existentes acerca de su toxicidad sobre oligoquetos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar mediante bioensayos de toxicidad crónica los efectos de lambda-cialotrina (producto comercial al 5%...

Modelagem geoestatística da distribuição de carbono do solo e biomassa de herbáceas em sistema silvopastoril.

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Marystella Duarte Correia

2013-01-01

Estudos de algumas regiões semiáridas têm apontado o efeito benéfico de certas espécies de árvores em sistemas silvopastoris, por promoverem a formação de fertilidade do solo e aumentarem a sustentabilidade da produtividade agrícola. Neste trabalho, foram selecionadas três espécies arbóreas encontradas em pastagens de Capim buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris), juazeiro (Zyziphus joazeiro), umbuzeiro (Spondias tuberosa) e algaroba (Prosopis juliflora) da caatinga, bioma exclusivamente brasileiro,...

Evaluación agronómica del uso de compost de residuos de la industria azucarera (biofertilizante) en el cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.)

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Matheus, Jesús

2004-01-01

Se evaluó agronómicamente un compost elaborado con desechos sólidos de la industria azucarera (biofertilizante La Pastora) como alternativa para restaurar la fertilidad de un suelo degradado y suplir los requerimientos nutricionales del cultivo de maíz (híbrido Himeca 2000). La experiencia se realizó en el Núcleo Universitario Rafael Rangel en el estado Trujillo, Venezuela, mediante un diseño de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones se evaluaron los siguientes tratamientos: biofertilizante ...

Radioactive isotopes in soils of Rio de Janeiro state: reference values, spatial distribution and correlation with environmental factors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ribeiro, Fernando Carlos Araujo

2016-01-01

concentrations of "1"3"7Cs are consistent with the low values expected for the southern hemisphere; the values ranged from <0.2 to 4.23 Bq kg"-"1, with 86% of the values below the minimum detectable activity. The QRV for "1"3"7Cs was calculated as 1.44 Bq kg"-"1 (75"t"h percentile) and 1.78 Bq kg"-"1 (90"t"h percentile), considering the year of 2015. The highest activity concentrations of "1"3"7Cs were found in soils containing high levels of organic matter and clay. No influence of the rainfall index was observed on the "1"3"7Cs concentration in soil. The maps showed the almost homogeneous occurrence of "4"0K, while part of the Valley of Medium Paraiba do Sul River presented the highest concentration of "2"2"6Ra and "2"2"8Ra. In accordance with radium characteristics, soils containing high levels of clay and organic matter showed the highest concentrations of radium isotopes. However, also in the acidic soils high radium concentrations were found, which emphasizes the need for further investigation to explain such behavior. The external dose rate due to the studied natural radionuclides in the surface soil varied from 5 and 217 n Gy h"-"1, mean and median values of respectively 67 and 62 nGy h"-"1. In a general way, the levels of external exposure assessed indicate the State as an area of normal background radiation. (author)

EFFECT OF FALLOW LAND, CULTIVATED PASTURE AND ABANDONED PASTURE ON SOIL FERTILITY IN TWO DEFORESTED AMAZONIAN REGIONS

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J.A DIEZ

1997-01-01

Full Text Available The effect of two practices adopted by settlers (abandoned pasture and fallow land on soil fertility of two deforested Amazonian regions (Belém-Pará and Ariquemes-Rondônia was studied. Whenever possible, cultivated pasture, over similar time periods in both cases and in natural forest, were employed as soil fertility reference standards. Nutrient dynamics was studied using the electroultra-filtration technique. In general, deforestation, as practiced in these areas, has a degrading effect on soil fertility. The effect of burning normally leads to a pH rise caused by ash. This usually yields a favorable transitory effect, improving soil fertility conditions, however not sufficient for plant needs, as inferred from the low P and K levels. Cattle excrements, improved the K level for cultivated pastures. Qualitative differences related to N were observed between cultivated pasture and both, fallow land or abandoned pasture. In the first, a certain recovery of available N levels was detected, mainly affecting the EUF-Norg fraction. On the other hand, a regeneration of organic compounds, in the fallow land and the abandoned pasture, closely related to those existing in the natural forest, was verified. This is mainly due to the presence of a higher proportion of NO3-_N and, consequently, a EUF-Norg/EUF-NO3- ratio close to 1.Comparou-se o efeito de duas práticas de manejo, ou seja, o abandono da pastagem e o pousio, sobre a fertilidade do solo de duas regiões desmatadas da Amazônia (Belém-Pará e Ariquemes-Rondônia. Quando possível, pastagens cultivadas por períodos semelhantes e florestas nativas foram usadas como padrões da fertilidade do solo. A dinâmica dos nutrientes foi estuda pela técnica da eletroultrafiltração (EUF. De um modo geral, o desmatamento, como praticado nessas regiões, tem efeito degradador sobre a fertilidade do solo. A queima da biomassa vegetal normalmente leva a um aumento do pH causado pelas cinzas, resultando

Efeito da Gliricidia sepium sobre nutrientes do solo, microclima e produtividade do milho em sistema agroflorestal no Agreste Paraibano Effects of Gliricidia sepium on soil nutrients, microclimate and maize yield in an agroforestry system in semi-arid Paraiba, Brazil

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Aldrin Martin Pérez Marin

2006-06-01

Northeastern semi-arid region of Brazil because of its good development under water stress conditions. However, little information is available on the effects of the introduction of this species into regional agroecosystems. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the distance of Gliricidia sepium plants on the characteristics of maize crop, soil properties and microclimate conditions in the semi-arid region of Paraiba, Brazil. The study was conducted in the Esperança County, Paraíba State, Brazil., where G. sepium trees were planted on a 0.5 ha field in 1996. The spacing used was 6 m between rows and 1 m between plants within the rows. In 2002, four 48 m² plots were established within this field. Within each plot, three sampling positions were established: (1 under tree crowns in the rows (0 m; (2 1 m apart from tree rows; and (3 3 m apart from the tree rows. The experiment had a randomized block design with four replications. Litterfall dry matter amounted to 1.390 kg ha-1 under the trees and decreased to 270 kg ha-1 at a distance of 3 m from the trees. Soil P, K and light fraction of organic matter were significantly greater under the trees as compared to those between the tree rows. Soil and air monthly minimum temperature averages were not influenced by the distance from the trees. However, soil and air monthly maximum temperature averages were 6 and 2 °C lower under the trees, respectively. Soil moisture was significantly lower under the trees as compared to positions 1 and 3 m away from tree rows. Maize grain and straw yields as well as nutrient accumulation were higher under the trees and decreased with increasing the distance from the trees.

Efecto antrópico sobre la fertilidad química de un suelo en el sudoeste bonaerense Anthropogenic effect on soil chemical fertility of a field in southwestern Buenos Aires

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María de las Mercedes Ron

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El uso agrícola establece gradientes negativos de fertilidad edáfica desde el alambre al interior de un lote, con impacto diferente en los primeros cm de la capa arable. Los objetivos de este trabajo son cuantificar esos gradientes, en un establecimiento de Tornquist (provincia de Buenos Aires y evaluar la sensibilidad de distintos índices de calidad edáfica. En un sector plano se seleccionaron tres posiciones: 1 bajo el alambradro («alambre»; 2 a 3-4 m del alambrado («borde» y 3 a 15 m del perímetro («interior». En cada una se extrajeron tres muestras compuestas, a dos profundidades 0-6 y 0-12 cm. Se efectuaron los siguientes análisis: pH; fósforo extraíble (P BK; boro extraíble (Bext, nitrógeno orgánico total (Not, potasio (Kint, calcio (Ca int y magnesio intercambiables (Mg int. Se determinó carbono orgánico (CO, oxidable con distintas concentraciones de ácido sulfúrico y CO total (COT, por combustión seca. Se calcularon fracciones de CO de oxidabilidad creciente. El P BK fue la determinación química más variable. Las profundidades analizadas tuvieron menor impacto sobre las determinaciones que las posiciones, aún con cuatro años previos bajo siembra directa. El pH, Ca int y Mg int no disminuyeron por uso agrícola, confirmando su estabilidad en los sistemas mixtos del SO bonaerense. Algunos de los índices más sensibles a los efectos estudiados (P BK, CO fácilmente oxidable estuvieron asociados positivamente. Se registraron pérdidas de 43 y 490 kg ha-1 de P BK y de Kint, en la profundidad de 0-12 cm, correspondiendo, el 84% y el 71% a los primeros seis cm. El COT disminuyó en un tercio en «interior». La tasa de oxidación del CO fue significativamente mayor para «alambre» a 0-6 cm. El factor de oxidación para el método Walkley y Black estándar fue de 0,82 para «interior» y 0,90 para «alambre» y «borde».Soil cultivation produces negative soil fertility gradients from under the fence towards the

Evaluación de especies vegetales para el manejo de la acidez en suelos sulfatados ácidos de Paipa, Boyacá

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Bernal Figueroa, Andrea Angélica; Forero Ulloa, Fabio Emilio

2014-01-01

Los suelos sulfatados ácidos se caracterizan por contener altas cantidades de hierro y azufre, que en presencia de aire se oxidan y forman horizontes sulfúricos extremadamente ácidos, los cuales generan alteraciones ambientales que van desde la contaminación hídrica hasta problemas asociados con su fertilidad y producción de cultivos, entre otros. Esta investigación se realizó con el fin de identificar especies vegetales adecuadas para el manejo de la acidez de estos suelos en el municipio de...

La maca roja (Lepidium Meyenii) y su acción en el tratamiento de la hiperplasia prostática benigna

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Alvarado Alvarado, Jesenia Ludy; Alvarado Alvarado, Jesenia Ludy

2015-01-01

La Maca (Lepidium Meyenii) es una valiosa raíz de reserva, llamada hipocólito, utilizada como alimento y sobre todo como remedio natural desde los tiempos de los incas. Nativa del Perú, la Maca se ha extendido por todo el mundo como planta medicinal, y aparece citada en la medicina Herbal Peruana para estimular el sistema inmunitario, tratar la anemia, la tuberculosis, los desórdenes menstruales, los síntomas de la menopausia, aumentar la fertilidad, como afrodisiaco, para tratar la disfun...

Atributos do solo e emiss?o de CO2 em ?rea de terra preta arqueol?gica sob cultivo de cacau no munic?pio de Apu?, AM

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Silva, Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro da

2013-01-01

As Terras Pretas Arqueol?gicas podem ser encontradas sob diversos tipos de solos, mas sua origem ainda n?o est? bem esclarecida. Estes solos se caracterizam por sua elevada fertilidade, atribu?da ?s propriedades f?sico-qu?micas da mat?ria org?nica, possui horizontes bem drenados, com textura variando de franca arenosa a franca siltosa e baixos valores de densidade do solo, condi??es de aera??o, porosidade e condutividade hidr?ulica adequada para promover a infiltra??o de ?gua e favorecer as t...

Efecto del VEGF sobre la vascularización, foliculogénesis y apoptosis en el ovario de ratonas

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Quintana, Ramiro; Kopcow, Laura; Young, Edgardo; Sueldo, Carlos; Marconi, Guillermo; Gomez Rueda, Nidia; Vighi, Susana; Barañao, Rosa Ines

2017-01-01

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar los efectos de la inyección ovárica directa de VEGF sobre el desarrollo de folículos antrales, la neoangeogénesis y la apoptosis. Tipo de estudio: Estudio control de laboratorio. Lugar del estudio: Centro de fertilidad afiliado a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Buenos Aires. Objetos de estudio: Ratonas Balb/c (n=32). Intervención: Las ratonas fueron divididas en 4 grupos: Grupo control (C) n=6, G...

Trascendencia del tema del Labrador en la cerámica ibérica de la provincia de Teruel

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María Rosario LUCAS PELLICER

2009-10-01

Full Text Available En 1981 tras comparar sucintamente las figuraciones vasculares de las distintas áreas ibéricas, formulaba tímidamente la hipótesis de que los personajes del círculo de Azaila guardaban relación con el sistema trifuncional indoeuropeo defendido por Dumezil. El hombre con el arado representaría la tercera función cuya competencia se extiende a la fertilidad de la naturaleza (riqueza y abundancia de frutos, ganados y cosechas y a su renovación (juventud.

Defining the cause of reduced progesterone levels during pregnancy in Kiss1/Gpr54 mutant mice

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MILLÁN ESTEBAN, DAVID

2015-01-01

[ES] La kisspeptina, un neuropéptido codificado por el gen Kiss1, es requerida para la activación del eje reproductivo en la pubertad en los mamíferos y para el mantenimiento de la fertilidad en adultos. Los ratones que no tienen kisspeptina o que tienen mutaciones en el correspondiente receptor, GPR54, no entran en la pubertad y son estériles. Tienen gónadas subdesarrolladas (hipogonadismo), bajos niveles de hormona gonadotrópica (hipogonadotropismo), y bajos niveles de esteroides sexuales....

Relación circunferencia abdominal e insulinorresistencia y su impacto en parámetros seminales

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P. Aguilar-Roa

2016-06-01

Existen estudios que documentan el efecto deletéreo tanto de la obesidad como de la resistencia a la insulina en la fertilidad femenina; algunos más realizados en varones sugieren efectos nocivos en su potencial reproductivo. Alteraciones seminales se han encontrado en varones obesos con resistencia a la insulina, pero aún se requieren de investigaciones que evalúen la asociación existente entre los mismos. La literatura reporta alteraciones seminales asociadas a la obesidad que aún están por dilucidar.

La microbiología del suelo en la agricultura sostenible

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Ronald Ferrera Cerrato; Alejandro Alarcón

2001-01-01

El suelo, como ente vivo, posee características físicas, químicas y biológicas que definen el grado de fertilidad de ecosistemas y agroecosistemas. Los microorganismos benéficos influyen directamente en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas de un determinado ecosistema o agroecosistema. El manejo de los sistemas agrícolas con un enfoque orgánico y sostenible permite que los microorganismos sean considerados como elementos básicos para lograr la sostenibilidad de los agroecosistemas en pr...

Prevalencia y distribución espacial de brucelosis, leucosis bovina, diarrea viral bovina y rinotraqueítis infecciosa bovina a partir del análisis ELISA de estanques prediales en lecherías de la IX Región, Chile Prevalence and space distribution of brucellosis, bovine leukaemia, bovine viral diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis by using bulk milk ELISA test in dairy herds of the IX Region, Chile

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R Felmer; J Zúñiga; A López; H Miranda

2009-01-01

Chile es reconocido internacionalmente por poseer una buena situación sanitaria pues el país ha podido alcanzar y mantener el estado de oficialmente libre de las principales enfermedades de la lista de la OIE. Sin embargo, aún coexisten en nuestros rebaños bovinos una serie de enfermedades, las cuales tienen un directo impacto en la producción, por cuanto disminuyen la fertilidad, producen pérdidas por aborto, alargan el lapso interparto y fundamentalmente constituyen barreras sanitarias para...

Prevalencia y distribución espacial de brucelosis, leucosis bovina, diarrea viral bovina y rinotraqueítis infecciosa bovina a partir del análisis ELISA de estanques prediales en lecherías de la IX Región, Chile

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Felmer, R; Zúñiga, J; López, A; Miranda, H

2009-01-01

Chile es reconocido internacionalmente por poseer una buena situación sanitaria pues el país ha podido alcanzar y mantener el estado de oficialmente libre de las principales enfermedades de la lista de la OIE. Sin embargo, aún coexisten en nuestros rebaños bovinos una serie de enfermedades, las cuales tienen un directo impacto en la producción, por cuanto disminuyen la fertilidad, producen pérdidas por aborto, alargan el lapso interparto y fundamentalmente constituyen barreras sanitarias para...

Sao Paulo Lightning Mapping Array (SP-LMA): Network Assessment and Analyses for Intercomparison Studies and GOES-R Proxy Activities

Science.gov (United States)

Bailey, J. C.; Blakeslee, R. J.; Carey, L. D.; Goodman, S. J.; Rudlosky, S. D.; Albrecht, R.; Morales, C. A.; Anselmo, E. M.; Neves, J. R.; Buechler, D. E.

2014-01-01

A 12 station Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) network was deployed during October 2011 in the vicinity of Sao Paulo, Brazil (SP-LMA) to contribute total lightning measurements to an international field campaign [CHUVA - Cloud processes of tHe main precipitation systems in Brazil: A contribUtion to cloud resolVing modeling and to the GPM (GlobAl Precipitation Measurement)]. The SP-LMA was operational from November 2011 through March 2012 during the Vale do Paraiba campaign. Sensor spacing was on the order of 15-30 km, with a network diameter on the order of 40-50km. The SP-LMA provides good 3-D lightning mapping out to 150 km from the network center, with 2-D coverage considerably farther. In addition to supporting CHUVA science/mission objectives, the SP-LMA is supporting the generation of unique proxy data for the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) and Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), on NOAA's Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R (GOES-R: scheduled for a 2015 launch). These proxy data will be used to develop and validate operational algorithms so that they will be ready to use on "day1" following the GOES-R launch. As the CHUVA Vale do Paraiba campaign opportunity was formulated, a broad community-based interest developed for a comprehensive Lightning Location System (LLS) intercomparison and assessment study, leading to the participation and/or deployment of eight other ground-based networks and the space-based Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS). The SP-LMA data is being intercompared with lightning observations from other deployed lightning networks to advance our understanding of the capabilities/contributions of each of these networks toward GLM proxy and validation activities. This paper addresses the network assessment including noise reduction criteria, detection efficiency estimates, and statistical and climatological (both temporal and spatially) analyses for intercomparison studies and GOES-R proxy activities.

Influence of organoclay type on morphology of polymer films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gama, D.B.; Tavares, A.A.; Silva, D.F.A; Silva, S.M.L; Andrade, D.L.A.C.S.

2011-01-01

In this work, bentonite clay from Paraiba has been purified (removed organic matter) and then modified with the surfactants, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (Cetremide) and hexadecyl tributyl phosphonium bromide (phosphonium) to obtain organoclays to be incorporated into polymer films. The clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and films by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the interplanar basal distance of the bentonite modified with salts, and phosphonium Cetremide, showed higher values than the natural bentonite, thus confirming the intercalation of organic cations between the clay galleries and thus to obtain organoclays and that the type of organoclay influence the morphology of the films obtained. (author)

Analisando a contribuição do uso do jogo educativo soletrando para as aulas de português: um relato de experiência

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THEREZA PATRICIA PEREIRA PADILHA

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an experience report of activities performed in the educational software class, available in the Computer Science Degree at Federal University of Paraiba, Campus IV. The goal of this work was to analyze whether the content assimilation in the Portuguese classes of the 6th year students in a municipal school at Mamanguape, is higher using the Soletrando educational game. For this, initially, the content explanation in conventional mode (with chalk and whiteboard. After, some students also interacted with the Soletrando educational game. Assessments were applied to measure the correct and incorrect items for whole class. Results and teacher observations about the use of this game in the Portuguese classes will be present.

Alterações edáficas sob plantios puros e misto de espécies florestais nativas do sudeste da Bahia, Brasil

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A. C. Gama-Rodrigues

1999-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi relacionar o acúmulo de serapilheira com sua composição química e desta com as características físicas e químicas do solo, em plantios puros e misto de espécies florestais nativas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em solos de tabuleiro do sudeste da Bahia, Brasil, no período de agosto de 1994 a novembro de 1996, em plantios, com 22 anos de idade, de pau-roxo (Peltogyne angustiflora, putumuju (Centrolobium robustum, arapati (Arapatiella psilophylla, arapaçu (Sclerolobium chrysophyllum, claraíba (Cordia trichotoma e óleo-comumbá (Macrolobium latifolium . Foram utilizadas uma floresta secundária, praticamente em estado clímax, e uma capoeira, de 40 anos de idade. O solo na camada de 0-5 cm estava mais bem estruturado no plantio misto do que sob as outras coberturas vegetais. A estruturação dessa camada foi positivamente relacionada com o acúmulo de C orgânico no solo e de serapilheira sobre este. O nível de fertilidade do solo (0-10 cm sob as espécies implantadas nos sistemas puros e misto foi superior ao da capoeira e da floresta natural. A fitomassa e a qualidade nutricional da serapilheira revelaram a capacidade diferenciada das coberturas florestais para absorver e reciclar nutrientes; o plantio misto representou uma situação intermediária em relação ao sistema de plantios puros. A quantidade de serapilheira acumulada dependeu da sua composição química. Segundo resultados deste trabalho, a estruturação e o nível de fertilidade do solo distinguiram-se de acordo com as coberturas florestais, em razão da quantidade, da composição química e da taxa de decomposição da serapilheira. As espécies claraíba, arapaçu e pau-roxo revelaram-se promissoras em melhorar a fertilidade do solo. Contudo, o plantio misto mostrou ser o sistema florestal mais adequado, por proporcionar simultaneamente melhor estruturação, maior quantidade de C orgânico, maiores níveis de nutrientes do solo e

Estado nutrimental del agroecosistema rosa (Rosa spp. en la ladera este del Iztaccíhuatl

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Steinger Cortés Jiménez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Aproximadamente 3000 ha se encuentran plantadas con rosas (Rosa spp. en el estado de Puebla. El valor estimado generado por esta actividad es 625 millones de pesos y permite incorporar a la mujer a la economía regional. El uso de fertilización nitrogenada en rosa de corte, mayor a 7000 kg ha-1, es excesiva y afecta la salud del suelo y la economía de los productores. Los objetivos del trabajo fueron: (1 evaluar el estado actual de la fertilidad de los suelos en la zona de producción de rosa del DDR 05 San Martín Texmelucan y (2 estudiar el efecto del aporte de tres fuentes de materia orgánica en la producción, calidad y estado nutrimental de tres variedades de rosas, así como en la condición física de los suelos. Para ello se evaluaron algunas propiedades químicas en muestras de suelo de 112 invernaderos localizados en cuatro unidades edafoclimáticas. Se usaron tres tipos de materia orgánica (MO: compost comercial, estiércol de bovino y gallinaza y tres variedades de rosa: Anastasia, Selena y Latin. El diseño fue completamente al azar modificado y se realizaron análisis de varianza y comparaciones de medias. Los suelos presentaron condiciones de fertilidad contrastantes. La gallinaza aumentó el rendimiento en la variedad Anastasia y el compost en la variedad Selena. La calidad de las tres variedades de rosas aumentó con el aporte de las tres fuentes de MO a los tres meses, pero disminuyó a los nueve meses. Las tres fuentes de MO aportaron niveles similares de macroelementos a la planta y mejoraron la condición física del suelo al aumentar el porcentaje de macroagregados en todos los tratamientos. El mayor porcentaje de macroagregados se obtuvo por la adición de compost en los suelos con las variedades Anastasia y Selena. Los suelos de los invernaderos del agrosistema rosa (Rosa spp. presentaron características químicas y condiciones de fertilidad contrastantes, producto de una variabilidad edafoclimática. Las fuentes de

Effect of copper on castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) growth

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chaves, Lucia Helena Garofalo; Cunha, Tassio Cavalcanti da Silva; Lima, Vinicius Mota; Cabral, Paulo Cesar Pinto; Barros Junior, Genival; Lacerda, Rogerio Dantas de [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAEAg/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia Agricola

2008-07-01

Castor beans crop (Ricinus communis L.) is raising attention as an alternative crop for oil and biodiesel production. Despite the mineral fertilization is an important factor for increasing castor yield, few research has been made on this issue, mainly on the use de copper. In order to evaluate the effects of copper on growth of this plant an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in Campina Grande, Paraiba State, Brazil, from July to December 2007. The substrate for the pot plants was a 6 mm-sieved surface soil (Neossolo Quartzarenico). The experimental design was a completely randomized with three replications. The treatments were composed of five levels of Cu (0; 1; 2; 3 and 4 mg dm{sup -3}), which were applied at the time of planting. One plant of castor bean, cultivar BRS 188 - Paraguacu, was grown per pot after thinning and was irrigated whenever necessary. Data on plant height, number and length of leaves and stem diameter were measured at 21, 34, 77 and 103 days after planting. Copper levels used, in general, did not affect the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, however they influenced the leaves and shoot biomass dry mass and the quadratic trend was the best to show the behavior of these. (author)

MAPPING OF FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CAMPINA GRANDE COUNTY - PB: A SPATIAL MULTICRITERIA APPROACH

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Priscila Barros Ramalho Alves

Full Text Available Abstract: The social and economic impacts caused by floods in urban areas are diverse and increase as the land becomes gradually impervious. Due to the increasing urbanization of cities, it is necessary to implement a better planning process and optimize the urban spaces management and occupation. Thus, the government needs to gather reliable and useful data for the decision-making process. Therefore, the GIS plays an important role among urban planning instruments. Given the current situation in Campina Grande County, Paraiba State, Brazil - an area continually facing disturbances caused by occasional and concentrated rainfalls - the current study aims to map the areas seen as the most susceptible to floods, by using a MCDA GIS-based model (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. There are five quantitative criteria considered in the analysis: slope, altitude, roads with drainage infrastructure, distance from water bodies and land use. It is a pixel by pixel analysis based on predetermined assumptions. Fuzzy functions were developed and overlay operations were performed. The results were consistent with historical records and with previous studies about the county, thus adding reliability to the model, which can be considered a potential management instrument for the case study area, as well as for cities facing similar issues.

Biodemografía de la comunidad Galesa de Gaiman

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Caratini, Alicia Liliana

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en la reconstrucción biodemográfica del grupo fundador de la colonia Galesa de Gaiman. Se realizó el relevamiento de las actas de matrimonios, nacimientos y defunciones del archivo del Registro Civil de la ciudad de Rawson, para el periodo en estudio. Los datos se procesaron con el programa PARF. Se reconstruyeron 216 familias y las genealogías se completaron hasta cuatro generaciones con los aportes de los miembros descendientes de la comunidad. La endogamia registró valores muy elevados (92.5% y la exogamia es muy debil en estos decenios (7.5%.La dimensión media de la familia fue de 3.67 y el tamaño reproductivo y efectivo alcanzó valores de 412 y 252, respectivamente, con un coeficiente de aislamiento reproductivo (Nem de 17.65. El índice de Crow (It = 0.88 presentó un componente de mortalidad (Im=0.25 más bajo que el de fertilidad (If=0.46. Estos datos sugieren la existencia de un moderado efecto de la deriva genética y de una probable acción de la selección natural a través del componente de fertilidad. En cuanto a la baja tasa de exogamia se puede inferir que las redes trazadas en el proceso migratorio siguieron actuando en la sociedad receptora.

Efeitos de níveis de privação alimentar sobre a oogênese de Panstrongylus megistus

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Braga Marina Vianna

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Os efeitos da privação alimentar sobre a oogênese de P. megistus foram estudados em laboratório. Imediatamente após a ecdise imaginária, foram formados seis grupos (GI a GVI de 15 casais, que receberam alimentação da seguinte maneira: GI -- no 5º e no 25º dias de jejum; GII -- no 5º e 35º dias; GIII -- no 5º e no 45º dias; GIV -- no 20º dia; GV -- no 30º dia; GVI -- no 40º dia de jejum. Após esses períodos, todos os grupos receberam alimentação a cada 15 dias. O grupo de controle foi formado por 15 casais, alimentados no 5º dia após a ecdise imaginária e, subseqüentemente, a cada 15 dias. GI apresentou o maior número de acasalamentos, produziu mais ovos e maior fertilidade. GII teve maior vida média, maior fecundidade e maior número de eclosões. GIII apresentou o menor período de sobrevivência, baixas fecundidade, fertilidade e eclosões. GVI apresentou os resultados menos favoráveis em todos os parâmetros, exceto em relação ao período de pré-ovipostura. O grupo de controle apresentou os melhores resultados em todos os parâmetros.

Efeitos de níveis de privação alimentar sobre a oogênese de Panstrongylus megistus

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Marina Vianna Braga

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Os efeitos da privação alimentar sobre a oogênese de P. megistus foram estudados em laboratório. Imediatamente após a ecdise imaginária, foram formados seis grupos (GI a GVI de 15 casais, que receberam alimentação da seguinte maneira: GI -- no 5º e no 25º dias de jejum; GII -- no 5º e 35º dias; GIII -- no 5º e no 45º dias; GIV -- no 20º dia; GV -- no 30º dia; GVI -- no 40º dia de jejum. Após esses períodos, todos os grupos receberam alimentação a cada 15 dias. O grupo de controle foi formado por 15 casais, alimentados no 5º dia após a ecdise imaginária e, subseqüentemente, a cada 15 dias. GI apresentou o maior número de acasalamentos, produziu mais ovos e maior fertilidade. GII teve maior vida média, maior fecundidade e maior número de eclosões. GIII apresentou o menor período de sobrevivência, baixas fecundidade, fertilidade e eclosões. GVI apresentou os resultados menos favoráveis em todos os parâmetros, exceto em relação ao período de pré-ovipostura. O grupo de controle apresentou os melhores resultados em todos os parâmetros.

State of the States 2016: Arts Education State Policy Summary

Science.gov (United States)

Aragon, Stephanie

2016-01-01

The "State of the States 2016" summarizes state policies for arts education identified in statute or administrative code for all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Information is based on a comprehensive search of state education statute and codes on each state's relevant websites. Complete results from this review are available in…

Evaluación de los cambios en algunas propiedades físicas y químicas de un ultisolpor efecto del Bacillus subtilis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gladys Elena Acosta Olaya

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Título en inglés: Evaluation of the changes in the some physical and chemical properties of an ultisol for effect of the Bacillus subtilis Resumen El interés en estudios de biorremediación de suelos deteriorados por sobreexplotación y uso indiscriminado de agroquímicos se debe a que alteran la microflora, el sistema de autorregulación y la sustentabilidad en el largo plazo. Un Ultisol, suelo de baja fertilidad química y sometido a reducción de tamaño de agregados (

Obesidad y embarazo

OpenAIRE

Dr. Barrera H. Garlos; Dr. Germain A. Alfredo

2012-01-01

La mujer en edad reproductiva y especialmente la embarazada muestra cifras alarmantes de mal nutrición por exceso. El año 2009 el sobrepeso alcanzaba 32,0% y la obesidad 20,9% en embarazadas, según cifras del INE. La retención de peso a los seis meses post parto mostraba valores de 33,4% y 22,2% de sobrepeso y obesidad, respectivamente. En estas mujeres se observa mayor incidencia de aborto, mayor tasa de fracaso en técnicas de fertilidad y mayor incidencia de parto prematuro, preeclampsia, d...

Concentración espermática: ¿Necesitamos un nuevo valor de referencia?

OpenAIRE

Cardona Maya, Walter

2010-01-01

Objetivos: Evaluar las concentraciones espermáticas de individuos fértiles, población general e individuos infértiles en diferentes regiones del mundo. Métodos: Las concentraciones espermáticas de diferentes estudios según el estado fértil de cada individuo fue evaluada: individuos con fertilidad comprobada, individuos que consultan a una clínica de andrología o centro de infertilidad y población general. Resultado: El promedio de la concentración espermática observada en los estudios para ca...

Morpho-physiological analysis of adaptive responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to drought stress /

OpenAIRE

Polania Perdomo, José A.,

2016-01-01

Bibliografia El frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es la leguminosa alimenticia más importante en los trópicos. Es cultivada por pequeños agricultores y por lo general expuesta a condiciones desfavorables con mínimo uso de insumos. La sequía y la baja fertilidad del suelo, especialmente deficiencias de nitrógeno (N) y fósforo (P), son principales limitaciones para el rendimiento del frijol en los sistemas de pequeños productores. El frijol puede derivar parte de su requerimiento de N de ...

Growth of jatropha seedlings in response to single superphosphate and rock-flour fertilization

OpenAIRE

Prates, Fabiano Barbosa de Souza; Lucas, Camila dos Santos Gonçalves; Sampaio, Regynaldo Arruda; Brandão Júnior, Delacyr da Silva; Fernandes, Luiz Arnaldo; Junio, Geraldo Ribeiro Zuba

2012-01-01

Pesquisas feitas com pó-de-rocha têm mostrado a potencialidade de alguns desses resíduos em promover o enriquecimento mineral de solos; prática definida como rochagem do solo. Ela visa aumentar a fertilidade do solo, proporcionar uma boa produtividade e maior sustentabilidade agrícola. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento de mudas de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) em resposta a adubação do substrato com superfosfato simples e pó-de-rocha. O experimento foi instalado ...

Aplicaciones de la Resonancia Magnética Nuclear en el estudio de la Infertilidad

OpenAIRE

Piñero Sagredo, Eva Mª

2015-01-01

En los últimos años se ha producido una reducción en el número de nacimientos en muchos países, fundamentalmente europeos. Esta reducción puede ser debida a diversos factores que afecten a la fertilidad de la mujer tales como factores culturales, sociales y económicos que aumentan la edad de la mujer para concebir su primer hijo, causas inmunitarias, alteraciones del aparato reproductor femenino, causas hipotalámico-hipofisarias y factores relacionados con el estilo de vida entre otros. E...

TOXICIDADE DE ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS PARA O CONTROLE DE Tetranychus urticae KOCH, 1836 (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

OpenAIRE

Camila Santos Teixeira; Camila Costabeber Nunes; Romário Vargas; José Romário de Carvalho; Hugo Bolsoni Zago

2017-01-01

O ácaro rajado é considerado uma importante praga agrícola, causando danos em diferentes cultivos. O controle à base de acaricidas químicos pode vir a causar problemas ambientais e à saúde do homem. Desta forma o uso de óleos essenciais obtidos de produtos botânicos é uma alternativa no controle de pragas por apresentar baixo efeito residual, sendo objetivo deste trabalho avaliar a mortalidade e o efeito na fertilidade de fêmeas adultas de Tetranychus urticae submetidas a tratamentos com óleo...

Evaluación de los cambios en algunas propiedades físicas y químicas de un ultisolpor efecto del bacillus subtilis

OpenAIRE

Acosta Olaya, Gladys Elena; Ramírez Pisco, Ramiro

2010-01-01

Título en inglés: Evaluation of the changes in the some physical and chemical properties of an ultisol for effect of the Bacillus subtilis Resumen El interés en estudios de biorremediación de suelos deteriorados por sobreexplotación y uso indiscriminado de agroquímicos se debe a que alteran la microflora, el sistema de autorregulación y la sustentabilidad en el largo plazo. Un Ultisol, suelo de baja fertilidad química y sometido a reducción de tamaño de agregados (

Nutrição mineral e produtividade de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) em resposta a diferentes biofertilizantes líquidos no solo

OpenAIRE

Alves, Gibran da Silva

2006-01-01

O pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) é uma planta pertencente a família das solanáceas, de clima tropical e de origem latino americana. Nos últimos anos, sistemas de cultivo orgânico com a utilização de biofertilizantes líquidos tiveram um grande impulso no Brasil. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a produtividade do pimentão, as mudanças na fertilidade do solo e o estado nutricional das plantas em resposta a diferentes biofertilizantes líquidos aplicados no solo. O experimento foi realizado...

Química de la acidez del suelo

OpenAIRE

Zapata Hernández, Raul Darío

2002-01-01

El parámetro de acidez de los suelos adquiere gran importancia en los suelos tropicales y especialmente en Colombia, donde los suelos ácidos ocupan más del 80% del territorio. La acidez incide directamente en la fertilidad de los suelos, ocasionando un mayor o menor grado de solubilidad de los elementos nutrientes para las plantas y afectando de este modo la producción agrícola. Además, la acidez incide en otros fenómenos fisicoquímicos, como la capacidad de intercambio catiónico, la absorció...

Lodos de depuradora : una visión integral para su posible aplicación a suelos desde una perspectiva agrícola

OpenAIRE

Murcia Navarro, Francisco José

2013-01-01

Dentro de los usos que se puede ofrecer a los lodos EDAR, debido a que contienen una cantidad elevada de materia orgánica y un más que aceptable contenido en elementos nutricionales, es su consideración (siempre que no hayan elementos en contra que introduzcan toxicidad) como enmiendas orgánicas o incluso, como fertilizantes orgánicos, susceptibles de ser reciclados en los suelos y conseguir para los mismos una mejora en productividad, fertilidad, y por tanto un su calidad. Precisamente, en z...

Apolipoproteínas y Receptividad Endometrial

OpenAIRE

Tamarit Bordes, Gemma

2015-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. Obesidad y fertilidad La obesidad se ha relacionado con un aumento del riesgo de aborto espontáneo y recurrente, desórdenes menstruales, infertilidad y complicaciones obstétricas. En las técnicas de reproducción asistida se ha observado una reducción significativa de las tasas de implantación, embarazo y recién nacidos vivos (Nichols 2003; Bellver 2010; Bellver 2011; Bellver 2013); así como una reducción a la mitad en la probabilidad de conseguir embarazo en el tr...

Efecto de la obesidad abdominal, la resistencia a la insulina y la leptina intrafolicular en la fecundación "in vitro"

OpenAIRE

Llaneza Suárez, David

2014-01-01

La relación existente entre el balance energético y la fertilidad se conoce desde hace tiempo y puede asociarse a infertilidad y peores tasas de respuesta en pacientes que están realizando ciclos de Fecundación In Vitro (FIV/ICSI). La obesidad abdominal se asocia frecuentemente con un estado inflamatorio, con Resistencia a la Insulina (RI) y con niveles elevados de leptina La relación de estos cambios con los resultados de los ciclos FIV/ICSI aun no es conocido del todo. HIPÓTESIS El...

Anormalidades Cromosómicas en la Microsporogénesis de Aloe Vera (L.) Burm. F. (Aloaceae)

OpenAIRE

IMERY BUIZA, José; CEQUEA RUÍZ, Hernán

2002-01-01

El objetivo del presente trabajo es verificar la existencia de anormalidades cromosómicas asociadas a la baja fertilidad del polen en Aloe vera. El estudio se realizó a partir del aplastamiento de anteras inmaduras fijadas en etanol-acético y coloreadas con orceína. La viabilidad del polen se determinó en microcultivos de agar y sacarosa. Las anormalidades más frecuentes en meiosis I fueron: quiasmas persistentes entre homólogos grandes y desplazamiento precoz de cromosomas pequeños, uno o má...

Análisis molecular de la dominancia reproductiva en una población del árbol Caryocar costarricense (Caryocaceae).

OpenAIRE

Lobo-Segura, Jorge

2011-01-01

Estimar la distancia del flujo de polen y la distribución de la fertilidad masculina y femenina de Caryocar costarricense en una población de la Península de Osa de Costa Rica, con el fin de evaluar las características asociadas a los individuos de mayor capacidad reproductiva, la importancia reproductiva, la importancia del flujo de genes externo a la población y la valoración de la dominancia reproductiva a lo largo del tiempo. Estos datos servirán para realizar una primera aproximación al ...

Baixas doses de melatonina exógena no diabetes experimental : implicações para a estrutura, função e defesa antioxidante do testículo e epidídimo de ratos = Low doses of exogen melatonin under experimental diabetes: implications for rat testicular and epididimal structure, function and antioxidant defense

OpenAIRE

Carolina Frandsen Pereira da Costa

2014-01-01

Resumo: Existem inúmeras evidências de que o diabetes afeta a função reprodutiva masculina, provocando danos aos parâmetros espermáticos, e portanto, influenciando a fertilidade dos indivíduos afetados. A melatonina é um hormônio secretado pela glândula pineal que apresenta uma extensa gama de atuações, dentre elas um papel fundamental no controle da esteroidogênese e na proteção contra radicais livres. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a melatonina oferecida oralmente, em baixas doses, ...

Aspectos básicos de la fijación de nitrógeno atmosférico por parte de bacterias. Estudio en el laboratorio de educación secundaria

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José Pedro López Pérez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La fijación de nitrógeno atmosférico por parte de microorganismos tiene notable importancia ambiental e industrial relacionada con el incremento de la fertilidad y productividad en los suelos, soporte de las plantas y las redes tróficas derivadas. En el presente artículo se especifica un sencillo protocolo de laboratorio, junto con la base teórica que lo sustenta, con el objetivo de observar los microorganismos responsables de la fijación en los nódulos de leguminosas.

TEATRO DE LA GUERRA CIVIL

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Miguel Rupérez

2014-10-01

Full Text Available La cultura española gozaba desde finales de los años veinte de una fertilidad creativa extraordinaria –enmarcada dentro de las vanguardias históricas–, hasta el grado de que parte de la crítica cultural ya considera esta época la Edad de Plata, solo superada, al menos en perduración, por el Siglo de Oro, pues fue abruptamente interrumpida por el pronunciamiento militar del 17 de julio de 1936. Como consecuencia de la victoria franquista se produjo un éxodo masivo de artistas e intelectuales...

Respuesta de tres cultivares de mango Mangifera indica L. a la aplicación de fertilizantes orgánicos.

OpenAIRE

Peralta Antonio, Nain

2013-01-01

El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de fertilizantes orgánicos sobre fertilidad del suelo, presencia de micorrizas y crecimiento, rendimiento y calidad de frutos en tres cultivares de mango (Manila, Tommy Atkins y Ataulfo). Las fuentes de fertilización fueron: Lombricomposta, bocashi y gallinaza (5 y 10 t ha-1), 230-0-300 y 230-0-0 g de NPK árbol-1 y se comparó con un testigo. El diseño utilizado para las variables de suelo fue completamente al azar y para el resto de variables f...

Algunas consideraciones respecto del fallo del tribunal constitucional chileno relativo a la distribución de la “píldora del día después”

OpenAIRE

Juan Pablo Beca Frei

2009-01-01

En este artículo damos los fundamentos jurídicos de por qué resulta plenamente legítimo que el Tribunal Constitucional chileno se pronuncie sobre algunos aspectos de las Normas Chilenas sobre Fertilidad, en lo que concierne a la entrega de anticonceptivos de emergencia. En este fallo, el Tribunal Constitucional determinó que las normas contenidas en el Decreto Supremo Nº 48, de 26 de enero de 2007, del Ministerio de Salud son –desde el punto de vista jurídico– incompatibles con nuestras norma...

State of the States, 2012: Arts Education State Policy Summary

Science.gov (United States)

Arts Education Partnership (NJ1), 2012

2012-01-01

The "State of the States 2012" summarizes state policies for arts education identified in statute or code for all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Information is based primarily on results from the AEP Arts Education State Policy Survey conducted in 2010-11, and updated in April 2012.

Alternativas orgánicas para disminuir la aplicación de nitrógeno en nogal pecanero

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Manuel Soto Parra

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El nitrógeno es el nutriente más demandado por los árboles de nogal pecanero, por lo que es considerado un factor limitante para su desarrollo, producción y calidad de la nuez. Sin embargo, ante el aumento en el precio de los fertilizantes y sus efectos adversos en el ambiente, actualmente es más evidente la necesidad de aplicar nutrientes de manera sustentable. Una alternativa para disminuir la aplicación de fertilizantes nitrogenados inorgánicos en nogal pecanero, es complementarlo con composta, humus de lombriz, lixiviado de lombriz y microorganismos potenciadores de la fertilidad del suelo, como son las micorrizas, entre otros. Por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue reducir la aplicación de nitrógeno inorgánico al suelo mediante la adición de enmiendas orgánicas y microorganismos potenciadores de la fertilidad del suelo sin afectar producción ni calidad. Método: El estudio se realizó en el municipio de Aldama, Chihuahua, durante los ciclos 2010-2012 en árboles ‘Western Schley’, se utilizó una estructura Taguchi L16 para cuatro factores y cuatro niveles para cada factor: nitrógeno 330, 220, 110 y 0 kg ha-1; composta 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 t ha-1; humus de lombriz (OptiHumusMR 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 t ha-1 y micorrizas (Sehumic-VamMR 0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 g pulg-1 de tronco. Se determinó el contenido de materia orgánica y nitratos en el suelo, producción y calidad de la nuez, los cuales se analizaron por superficie de respuesta. Resultados: A pesar de que para producir 2.9 t ha-1 se logró reducir la aplicación de nitrógeno, este nivel no permitió obtener una buena calidad de la nuez ni alcanzar un contenido adecuado de materia orgánica y nitratos en suelo. Para un rendimiento de 2.9 t ha-1 con 153 nueces kg-1 y 59.4% de nuez comestible, 1.06% de materia orgánica y 183 ppm de nitratos en suelo se requirieron 305 kg de N, 6600 kg de composta, 3500 kg de humus de lombriz y 18 g de micorrizas por pulg-1 de tronco

Neural-Network Quantum States, String-Bond States, and Chiral Topological States

Science.gov (United States)

Glasser, Ivan; Pancotti, Nicola; August, Moritz; Rodriguez, Ivan D.; Cirac, J. Ignacio

2018-01-01

Neural-network quantum states have recently been introduced as an Ansatz for describing the wave function of quantum many-body systems. We show that there are strong connections between neural-network quantum states in the form of restricted Boltzmann machines and some classes of tensor-network states in arbitrary dimensions. In particular, we demonstrate that short-range restricted Boltzmann machines are entangled plaquette states, while fully connected restricted Boltzmann machines are string-bond states with a nonlocal geometry and low bond dimension. These results shed light on the underlying architecture of restricted Boltzmann machines and their efficiency at representing many-body quantum states. String-bond states also provide a generic way of enhancing the power of neural-network quantum states and a natural generalization to systems with larger local Hilbert space. We compare the advantages and drawbacks of these different classes of states and present a method to combine them together. This allows us to benefit from both the entanglement structure of tensor networks and the efficiency of neural-network quantum states into a single Ansatz capable of targeting the wave function of strongly correlated systems. While it remains a challenge to describe states with chiral topological order using traditional tensor networks, we show that, because of their nonlocal geometry, neural-network quantum states and their string-bond-state extension can describe a lattice fractional quantum Hall state exactly. In addition, we provide numerical evidence that neural-network quantum states can approximate a chiral spin liquid with better accuracy than entangled plaquette states and local string-bond states. Our results demonstrate the efficiency of neural networks to describe complex quantum wave functions and pave the way towards the use of string-bond states as a tool in more traditional machine-learning applications.

El estado microbiologico del suelo : indicador de una restauracion de la fertilidad

OpenAIRE

Sivila de Cary, R.; Hervé, Dominique

1994-01-01

Dans un milieu semi-aride et d'altitude tel que l'Altiplano central bolivien, l'association endomycorhizique de type vésicule arbustive est déterminante pour l'absortion des nutriments. En outre, la population de microorganismes présente dans le sol renseigne sur son activité biologique. Cette activité a toujours été évaluée par rapport aux cultures. Nous nous proposons d'évaluer celle-ci dans des parcelles de 1 à 30 ans de jachère, choisies sur les aynuqa de la communauté de Pumani (provinci...

HORTICULTURA PERIURBANA, ANÁLISIS DE LA FERTILIDAD DE LOS SUELOS EN INVERNADEROS

OpenAIRE

Cuellas, Marisol Virginia

2017-01-01

RESUMEN La horticultura periurbana del Gran La Plata, Argentina, es muy importante, ya que provee de hortalizas frescas a 13 millones de habitantes, y si bien tiene la ventaja de cercanía a la ciudad, debe afrontar problemas vinculados a procesos tecnológicos, siendo un sistema productivo frágil y con elevado riesgo de impacto ambiental. Los suelos en los cuales se desarrolla la producción bajo cubierta se los clasifica como Vertic Argiudol y Typic Hapludert, y en ellos se cultivan un gran nú...

Ocorrência de patógenos em cultivos de melancia e abóbora no sertão da Paraíba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. G. F. O. Soares

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Por constituírem uma importante fonte de alimento, plantações de melancia e abóbora são comumente cultivadas no sertão paraibano, porém pouco se sabe sobre a ocorrência de patógenos causadores de doenças, os quais limitam a sua produtividade e renda aos produtores. Visando obter informações sobre a ocorrência dos patógenos virais e fúngicos em cultivos de abóbora e melancia situados em municípios produtores no sertão da Paraíba, amostras coletadas com sintomas de mosaico e deformação foliar, típicos de doenças virais foram analisadas pela técnica sorológica “enzime linked immuno sorbentassay” (Elisa indireto para Papaya ring spot virus, type watermelon (PRSV-W, Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV e Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV. O teste de dupla difusão em Agar foi utilizado para verificar a presença de Squash mosaic virus (SqMV. Em contrapartida, amostras coletadas com sintomas de doenças fúngicas foram analisadas pelo isolamento do patógeno e visualização de suas características morfológicas em microscópio óptico. Em abóbora, houve prevalência dos vírus ZYMV e PRSV-W em infecções simples e mistas, e maior incidência dos fungos Cladosporium spp., e Alternaria spp. Em melancia detectou-se infecção simples e mistas das espécies PRSV-W, WMV e ZYMV, e maior freqüência de Fusarium spp. e Alternaria spp.. Não foram detectados os vírus CMV e SqMV. Os resultados obtidos revelam a ocorrência de vários patógenos fúngicos e viróticos em cultivos de abóbora e melancia situados no sertão da Paraíba e ressaltam a importância da utilização de estratégias de manejo que reduzem os danos ocasionados por esses patógenos.Occurrence of pathogens in watermelon and pumpkin crops in the State of ParaibaAbstract: By constitute an important food source, watermelon and pumpkin plantations are commonly grown on Paraíba backlands, but little is known about the occurrence of disease

State-to-state and state-to-all-states reactive scattering angular distributions: F+H 2→HF+H

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Emmons, R.W.; Suck, S.H.

1983-01-01

How each state-to-state reactive transition determines nonundulatory ''state-to-all-states'' angular distribution has not yet been investigated. Here we present a complete exposure of state-to-state distorted-wave Born-approximation angular distributions in order to examine how the nonoscillatory and backward-peaked state-to-all-states reactive scattering angular distribution occurs

State of the States

Science.gov (United States)

Journal of Education Finance, 2017

2017-01-01

In 2016, a group of school finance scholars and public school practitioners gathered in Jacksonville, Florida, for the National Education Finance Academy's annual conference to discuss, among an array of topics, the state of P-20 finance in all 50 states. At the roundtable discussion, 36 states were represented, and scholars representing 30 states…

[Active aging from the perspective of aged individuals who are functionally independent].

Science.gov (United States)

Ferreira, Olivia Galvão Lucena; Maciel, Silvana Carneiro; Silva, Antonia Oliveira; dos Santos, Walberto Silva; Moreira, Maria Adelaide Silva P

2010-12-01

The objective of this study was to identify the social representations of the elderly regarding active aging. Semi-structured interviews were performed with 100 functionally independent aged individuals from João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. The data was organized and analyzed using Alceste software. Results showed that the aged individuals' statements about active aging are permeated with positive contents. However, when aging is not associated with the word active, it is still represented as losses and disabilities. Despite the existence of losses during the process, active aging should be encouraged among the elderly, as it means living a quality, plentiful life. Maintaining the elderly functionally independent is the first step to achieving active aging and thus improving their quality of life.

Determination of 226Ra and natural uranium concentration in Botafogo river

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nascimento, M.B. do; Amaral, R.S.; Khoury, H.J.; Andrade Lima, R. de

1990-01-01

In the Brazilian Northeast region at the coastal area from Pernambuco to Paraiba there is a 4 km wide strip deposit of phosphate rock. This phosphate is used to produce fertilizes by a factory located at the border of the Botafogo river, which cross this area. The phosphate is associated with uranium and no research has been conducted on the river radioactive contamination due the natural processes and to the fertizer factory the present investigation was undertaken to determine 226 Ra and natural uranium concentration in the river water, near the factory. Results show that the radionuclide concentration increases sharply in front of the place of the factory discharge and then decreases rapidly to the same levels found before the factory, 0,01 Bq/1. (author) [pt

Quantum State Engineering Via Coherent-State Superpositions

Science.gov (United States)

Janszky, Jozsef; Adam, P.; Szabo, S.; Domokos, P.

1996-01-01

The quantum interference between the two parts of the optical Schrodinger-cat state makes possible to construct a wide class of quantum states via discrete superpositions of coherent states. Even a small number of coherent states can approximate the given quantum states at a high accuracy when the distance between the coherent states is optimized, e. g. nearly perfect Fock state can be constructed by discrete superpositions of n + 1 coherent states lying in the vicinity of the vacuum state.

EXPANSION OF THE AGRICULTURAL FRONTIER: AN INTENSIFICATION OF CATTLE RAISING IN THE GOIÁS STATE, BRAZIL EXPANSÃO DA FRONTEIRA AGRÍCOLA: A INTENSIFICAÇÃO DA PECUÁRIA BOVINA NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dayse Mysmar Tavares Rodrigues

2008-03-01

Full Text Available

The objective of this study was to identify factors that may explain the development of cattle raising in Central Brazil, starting from middles of the decade of 1970, concomitant with the expansion of agricultural frontiers. Through an innovative theoretical model, it is possible to identify the fundamental variables of that process: location, topography and fertility. Data analyses allowed verifying that the ";location"; variable best explains the development of cattle raising in Goiás State.

KEY-WORDS: Agricultural frontier; agricultural modernization; technological change.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar fatores que possam explicar a espacialização da atividade pecuária na região central do Brasil, a partir de meados da década de 1970, com a expansão da fronteira agrícola. Para tanto, é estudado o caso do Estado de Goiás. Por meio de um inovador modelo baseado na teoria da renda fundiária, é possível identificar as variáveis fundamentais desse processo: localização, topografia e fertilidade. A análise dos dados permitiu constatar que a variável "localização" é a que melhor explica a espacialização da agropecuária nesse Estado.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fronteira agrícola; modernização da agropecuária; mudança tecnológica.

Impacto del abonamiento integral en el rendimiento y calidad de fresa (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. cv. Selva bajo sistema de riego por goteo y cobertura plástica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laydy Mitsu Mena Chacón

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar el efecto del abonamiento integral en la calidad y rendimiento de fresa cv. Selva, su incidencia en la tasa de respiración y fertilidad del suelo; se realizó en el fundo Santa Teresa de Cayma, Arequipa - Perú. Los tratamientos resultaron de integrar 3 niveles de abonamiento químico: 0%; 50% y 100% de la formulación: 200 N, 60 K 2 O y 60 P 2 O 5 y 3 niveles de abonamiento orgánico: 0%; 50% y 100% de la formulación: 100 L de Humega, 12 L de Bioflora Phos y 60 L de Bioflora Potash ; evaluándose 9 tratamientos con 3 repeticiones, en diseño de bloques completos al azar; con arreglo factorial 3 x 3. No hubo efecto estadístico significativo sobre la calidad de frutos . El tr atamiento con 50% de abonamiento químico y 50% orgánico logró el mayor rendimiento de frutos de fresa (17114,63 kg·ha - 1 siendo 13,25% de categoría extra; 57,62% de primera; 25,18% de segunda; 2,06% de tercera y 1,90% de descarte. La tasa de respiración y la fertilidad del suelo no mostraron diferencia estadística significativa; excepto a 80 días del trasplante, donde el abonamiento orgánico al 100% incrementó la tasa de respiración.

Dinámica del carbono en sistemas agrícolas bajo siembra directa : nuevas evidencias obtenidas mediante el uso de 13 C sobre la importancia de las raíces, la calidad de los residuos y el laboreo

OpenAIRE

Mazzilli, Sebastián

2015-01-01

El carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) es uno de los principales determinantes de la productividad de los ecosistemas, afectando la fertilidad del suelo y su capacidad de secuestrar CO2. La agricultura es uno de los principales cambios de uso del suelo que afecta significativamente el COS. En esta tesis se examinan, mediante experimentos de campo y usando al 13C como trazador isotópico, tres aspectos de la dinámica de C en sistemas agrícolas: 1) la importancia de las raíces en la formación de CO...

Resumption Of Postpartum Fecundability In Rural Guatemala: A Multistate Approach

OpenAIRE

Pinto Aguirre, Guido

2008-01-01

El propósito de este documento es investigar y re-estimar los efectos de los patrones de lactancia, salud y estado nutricional de la mujer y consumo de energía sobre la duración del retorno de la fertilidad de postparto (es decir, retorno de la menstruación de postparto) utilizando toda la información relevante en el estudio longitudinal del Instituto de Nutrición de Centroamérica y Panamá y un procedimiento de estimación más adecuado (modelos de riesgo). Los datos utilizados prov...

BALANCE PARCIAL DE NITRÓGENO EN EL SISTEMA DE CULTIVO DE MAÍZ (Zea mays L.) CON COBERTURA DE LEGUMINOSAS EN CHIAPAS, MÉXICO

OpenAIRE

José David Álvarez-Solís; Ramón Muñoz-Arroyo; Esperanza Huerta-Lwanga; José Nahed-Toral

2016-01-01

El potencial de las leguminosas para mejorar la fertilidad del suelo y sostener la producción de cultivos asociados como el maíz, varía entre especies. Este trabajo evalúa la contribución de 3 leguminosas como cultivos de cobertura (CC) en el balance parcial de Nitrógeno (N) en el cultivo de maíz. Fue realizado en Ejido La Bella Ilusión, Maravilla Tenejapa, estado de Chiapas, México, con 4 tratamientos en asociación al cultivo de maíz: 1) frijol nescafé (Mucuna pruriens), 2) frijol arroz (Vig...

An ICT-based closed-loop model to improve care for heart failure patients

OpenAIRE

Vera Muñoz, Cecilia

2015-01-01

Durante las últimas décadas se ha producido un fenómeno global de envejecimiento en la población. Esta tendencia se puede observar prácticamente en todos los países del mundo y se debe principalmente a los avances en la medicina, y a los descensos en las tasas de fertilidad y mortalidad. El envejecimiento de la población tiene un gran impacto en la salud de los ciudadanos, y a menudo es la causa de aparición de enfermedades crónicas. Este tipo de enfermedades supone una amenaza y una carga im...

O Bisfenol A: Sua Utilização e a Atual Polêmica em Relação aos Possíveis Danos à Saúde Humana

OpenAIRE

Marli Rocha Beserra; Joyce de Araújo Schiavini; William Costa Rodrigues; Cristiane de Souza Siqueira Pereira

2015-01-01

O Bisfenol A (BPA) é um produto químico industrial que, em sua forma monomérica é amplamente utilizado na produção de resinas epóxi e plásticos de policarbonato. É uma substância de excelentes características físicas e químicas utilizadas em diversas aplicações como, por exemplo: revestimento de embalagens metálicas, fabricação de mamadeiras etc. De acordo com relatos da literatura, baixas doses de Bisfenol A têm efeitos adversos sobre a fertilidade, o sistema nervoso, diabetes, câncer, obesi...

Impactos do sistema agrícola itinerante sobre os solos de remanescente de Mata Atlântica com uso e ocupação por comunidades quilombolas no Vale do Ribeira (São Paulo, Brasil)

OpenAIRE

Alexandre Antunes Ribeiro Filho

2015-01-01

Esta tese é um estudo de Ecologia Humana realizado no contexto de duas comunidades remanescentes de quilombo da região do Vale do Ribeira (Médio Ribeira, SP). Portanto, avalia as interações socioambientais entre as comunidades humanas e as biológicas que constituem o bioma Mata Atlântica na região. Especificamente, esta interação é investigada a partir da dinâmica da fertilidade dos solos, a qual é um subsídio fundamental para o estabelecimento e a manutenção da atividade agrícola quilombola ...

Historia y desarrollo de la clasificación de vertisoles en el sistema FAO y la taxonomía

OpenAIRE

Sotelo R., E.; Gutiérrez C., M. del C.; Cruz B., G.; Ortiz S., C. A.; Segura C., M. A.

2008-01-01

Los Vertisoles son uno de los suelos más productivos en México y el mundo, por su alta fertilidad natural, la cual se debe a la capacidad de intercambio catiónico y alta retención de humedad. Éstos son excelentes en la producción de hortalizas, como cebolla, sandía, jitomate y melón. Además, producen los mejores rendimientos de maíz, trigo y sorgo. Sin embargo, se carecen de estudios que integren el conocimiento sobre estos suelos; por lo tanto, esta investigación tiene como objetivos: 1) con...

Resistência mecânica à penetração de um Planossolo submetido a diferentes sistemas de cultivo

OpenAIRE

Pedrotti,A.; Pauletto,E. A.; Crestana,S.; Ferreira,M. M.; Dias Junior,M. S.; Gomes,A. S.; Turatti,A. L.

2001-01-01

O conhecimento das características e propriedades dos solos de várzea do RS, utilizados atualmente com a cultura do arroz irrigado, torna-se essencial para a adoção de práticas que envolvam irrigação, drenagem, correção da acidez e da fertilidade, principalmente quando se deseja obter altos níveis de produtividade, com menor custo e com menores possibilidades de degradação destes solos e do ambiente onde estão situados. Dentro deste panorama, avaliou-se a compactação de um Planossolo cultivad...

Somatotropina bovina recombinante en sincronización de estros y prolificidad de ovejas Pelibuey

OpenAIRE

Sosa-Pérez, G; Pérez-Hernández, P.; Vaquera-Huerta, H.; Salazar-Ortiz, J.; Sánchez-del-Real, C.; Cadena-Villegas, S.; Gallegos-Sánchez, J.

2014-01-01

Con la finalidad de estudiar si la administración de la Somatotropina Bovina Recombinante (bST) dos días antes del retiro del progestágeno, tiene efecto en la sincronización de estros, inicio del estro, fertilidad, prolificidad y tipo de parto en ovejas Pelibuey, a 180 ovejas de 4,0 ± 0,32 años de edad, se les inserto un dispositivo intravaginal impregnado con progesterona (CIDR P4 0,3 g), por nueve días. Dos días antes del retiro del dispositivo, las ovejas se asignaron aleatoriamente a uno ...

Microbial activity in a degraded Latosol treated with sewage sludge

OpenAIRE

Colodro, Gilberto; Espíndola, Carlos R.; Cassiolato, Ana M. R.; Alves, Marlene C.

2007-01-01

Em geral, os solos degradados se apresentam com fraca atividade biológica, tendo em vista suas características físicas, baixa fertilidade e teores de matéria orgânica, devido principalmente à remoção ou degradação de sua camada superficial. O elevado teor de matéria orgânica facilmente decomposta do lodo de esgoto, que é uma fonte alternativa de resíduos orgânicos, aliado à sua elevada taxa dos principais elementos nutrientes às plantas, pode ser um fator importante do retorno ou incremento d...

El peso corporal y su influencia en la infertilidad femenina

OpenAIRE

Alonso Pérez, Andrea

2017-01-01

Las técnicas de reproducción asistida humana son cada vez más frecuentes debido al crecimiento de la tasa de infertilidad en nuestra sociedad. Una de las causas de este aumento en los problemas de fertilidad se debe a la adopción de malos hábitos de vida, incrementando así el número de personas con malnutrición, ya sea por exceso en el caso de la obesidad o por defecto en el caso de la anorexia. Tanto el sobrepeso o la obesidad como un peso por debajo de lo debido, tiene repercusiones en e...

Estilos de vida y reproducción

OpenAIRE

Álvarez González, Ana

2013-01-01

La afectación de la fertilidad como consecuencia del exceso de peso parece ser debida a las anomalías endocrinas y metabólicas acompañantes, entre las que se han descrito: excesiva producción de estrógenos, alteración de la regulación del metabolismo esteroideo, reducción de la disponibilidad de GnRH, aumento de la actividad opioide y cambios en la secreción y acción de la insulina y otras hormonas de regulación energética como la leptina, adiponectina, resistina y ghrelina. Este perfil co...

Adubação orgânica da batata com esterco e, ou, Crotalaria juncea: II - disponibilidade de N, P e K no solo ao longo do ciclo de cultivo Organic fertilization of potato with manure and, or, Crotalaria juncea: II - soil N, P, and K availability throughout the growing season

OpenAIRE

Tácio Oliveira da Silva; Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes

2007-01-01

Os solos do Agreste paraibano têm baixa fertilidade e a prática usual de adubação é a incorporação de esterco na época do plantio. Entretanto, dependendo da qualidade do esterco, essa prática pode causar a imobilização de nutrientes do solo durante os primeiros meses de cultivo. É possível que o cultivo e incorporação de Crotalaria juncea, combinado com o esterco, possa promover mineralização mais sincronizada com a demanda de nutrientes pelas plantas. No presente estudo, realizado em 2003, f...

Adubação orgânica da batata com esterco e, ou, Crotalaria juncea: II - disponibilidade de N, P e K no solo ao longo do ciclo de cultivo

OpenAIRE

Silva, Tácio Oliveira da; Menezes, Rômulo Simões Cezar

2007-01-01

Os solos do Agreste paraibano têm baixa fertilidade e a prática usual de adubação é a incorporação de esterco na época do plantio. Entretanto, dependendo da qualidade do esterco, essa prática pode causar a imobilização de nutrientes do solo durante os primeiros meses de cultivo. É possível que o cultivo e incorporação de Crotalaria juncea, combinado com o esterco, possa promover mineralização mais sincronizada com a demanda de nutrientes pelas plantas. No presente estudo, realizado em 2003, f...

Rendimento e qualidade de sementes de arroz irrigado em função da adubação com boro

OpenAIRE

LEITE, Ricardo Figueiredo Cavalheiro

2008-01-01

O boro é um nutriente essencial para as plantas. Suas funções estão envolvidas com o crescimento celular e o desenvolvimento da flor. Na floração, a deficiência do micronutriente reduz a macho-fertilidade em função do prejuízo à microesporogênese e ao crescimento do tubo polínico. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se definir as fases de maior sensibilidade da cultura, com o intuito de identificar épocas apropriadas para a aplicação de tratamentos corretivos de boro. A aplicação do boro, na forma de b...

Rendimento e qualidade de sementes de arroz irrigado em função da adubação com boro

OpenAIRE

Leite, Ricardo Figueiredo Cavalheiro; Schuch, Luis Osmar Braga; Amaral, Ademir dos Santos; Tavares, Lizandro Ciciliano

2011-01-01

O boro é um nutriente essencial para as plantas. Suas funções estão envolvidas com o crescimento celular e o desenvolvimento da flor. Na fase reprodutiva, a deficiência do micronutriente reduz a macho-fertilidade em função do prejuízo à microesporogênese e ao crescimento posterior do tubo polínico. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da aplicação de boro, sobre as características agronômicas e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de arroz produzidas. A aplicação do boro, na forma de...

Patrones reproductivos en la altura: ¿hipoxia o regulación cultural?

OpenAIRE

Crognier, Emile; Villena, M.; Vargas, E.

2001-01-01

Descripción de las características reproductivas en la altura basada en los datos recogidos en 1988-99 en 10 comunidades Aymará que viven a una altura promedio de 4000m en el Altiplano Boliviano. Se registraron las historias reproductivas de 868 mujeres casadas, la población femenina total, de las cuales 359 tenían entre 45 años y mas. El modelo reproductivo se presenta con un comienzo tardío de la fertilidad, y un comienzo tardío de los embarazos, asociado con un corto periodo reproductivo y...

Epilepsia y mujer

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S. Andrea Contreras, Dra.

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Hay muchos aspectos por abordar en el manejo de las mujeres con epilepsia, relacionados con su rol en la reproducción. Algunos de éstos necesitan ser considerados en la adolescencia, otros están relacionados con el embarazo, afectando tanto a la madre como a su hijo, y algunos con el ciclo menstrual y la menopausia. Esta revisión considera la epilepsia catamenial, contracepción, fertilidad, teratogenicidad y menopausia. También se discuten los efectos del embarazo en el control de las crisis y los efectos de las crisis sobre el feto.

Propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de un suelo con biofertilización cultivado con manzano

OpenAIRE

Alfonso Luis Orozco Corral; Martha Irene Valverde Flores; René Martínez Téllez; Carlos Chávez Bustillos; Ramón Benavides Hernández

2016-01-01

La producción de manzana en Chihuahua, México, juega un papel fundamental en el sector primario, donde actualmente existen 30 000 ha plantadas y 2500 productores, es el cultivo más intensivo en la zona genera 3.5 millones de jornales anuales y representa el 71% de la producción nacional. La baja fertilidad de los suelos es un hecho que golpea a estas áreas, las cuales se han visto afectados por el uso excesivo de fertilizantes químicos lo que ha ocasionado altos índices de contaminación, aume...

Alteración de las propiedades mecánicas de suelos irrigados con agua con altas concentraciones de sodio.

OpenAIRE

MELANI, ESTEBAN MIGUEL

2013-01-01

El riego es una práctica que se utiliza en áreas con déficit de agua para incrementar la producción agrícola y ganadera. Sin embargo un manejo inadecuado del riego puede causar deterioros de la fertilidad química y especialmente física de los suelos. Todas las aguas de riego, superficiales o subterráneas, contienen en mayor o menor medida sales solubles, sodio, cloro y otros elementos. Se espera que los problemas asociados con suelos salinos y sódicos se incrementen en el futuro debido al emp...

Fertility and acidity status of latossolos (oxisols under pasture in the Brazilian Cerrado

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Pedro R.S. Vendrame

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The Cerrado region, with over 50 million hectares of cultivated pasture, provides 55% of Brazilian beef production. Previous investigations have shown that about 70-80% of this pasture is affected by some kind of degradation, leading to low productivity. However, until now, few surveys have been carried out on a regional scale. The aim of the present work is both to assess the fertility and acidity levels of Cerrado soils under pasture and compare the variability of the soils characteristics on a regional scale. Two soil depths were sampled in different places within the studied area: (1 a surface horizon (0.0-0.2 m in order to evaluate its fertility and acidity status for pasture, and (2 a subsurface horizon (0.6-0.8 m, used for classification. Most of soils had levels of nutrients below the reference values for adequate pasture development. Whatever the texture, about 90% of soils had low or very low availability of phosphorus. Only 7 to 14% of soils had low pH, high exchangeable aluminum, and aluminum saturation above the critical acidity level. Except for nitrogen, no significant difference was found between Latossolos Vermelhos and Latossolos Vermelho-Amarelos.A região do Cerrado, com 50 milhões de hectares de pastagens cultivadas, responde por 55% da carne bovina produzida no Brasil. Há estimativas indicando que entre 70 e 80% destas pastagens apresentam algum grau de degradação, o que leva a baixa produtividade. No entanto, até o presente, poucos trabalhos foram desenvolvidos em escala regional. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a fertilidade e a acidez de Latossolos sob pastagens na região do Cerrado e comparar a variabilidade das características dos solos em escala regional. A amostragem foi realizada em duas profundidades, superficial (0,0-0,2 m para avaliação da fertilidade e acidez e subsuperficial (0,60,8 m, utilizada para classificar os solos. A maioria dos solos apresentou teores de nutrientes abaixo do recomendado

EFECTO DE LA APLICACIÓN DE ENMIENDAS LÍQUIDAS EN EL SUELO Y EN EL CRECIMIENTO DE MAÍZ BAJO CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO

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Gabriel Garbanzo-León

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto de 3 enmiendas líqui - das en la fertilidad de un Ultisol, cultivado con maíz bajo condiciones de invernadero. El estudio se realizó en macetas de 1,0 y 0,5 l de suelo proveniente de Orosí, Cartago, con acidez inter - cambiable de 4,64 cmol.l -1 , a partir de enmiendas líquidas de Cal 56 (C56 y Surkal (SK y el car - bonato de calcio en polvo mojable Surflow Cal - cio (SC, diluidas en agua y aplicadas en 2 dosis cada una. Se realizaron análisis de pH y acidez intercambiable en diferentes momentos durante un período de 61 días después de aplicadas (dda las enmiendas, en macetas sin plantas. También se realizaron análisis de fertilidad a los 45 días después de la siembra, y se llevaron a cabo medi - ciones de altura de las plantas, largo de las raíces y peso seco de la biomasa del maíz, en macetas con plantas. La aplicación de las enmiendas C56 y SK disminuyó la acidez intercambiable y elevó el pH en forma proporcional a la dosis durante los primeros 14 dda. A partir de los 27 días la acidez empezó a subir y el pH a bajar. Con el SC la acidez se mantuvo baja y el pH alto durante todo el período de evaluación debido que se aplicó una dosis mayor que las enmiendas líquidas. La fertilidad del suelo mejoró con la aplicación de enmiendas, principalmente en los tratamientos de SC. La aplicación de enmiendas incrementó la altura de las plantas, longitud de las raíces y el peso seco de la biomasa del maíz. El SK produjo mayor acumulación de materia seca aérea, sin embargo, con el producto C56 se determinó una mayor densidad longitudinal de raíces. Se conclu - ye que las cales en presentación líquida pueden disminuir la acidez del suelo de manera rápida con un efecto residual superior a los 61 días, siendo una alternativa potencial para etapas fenológicas críticas bajo condiciones de invernadero.

Reproductive parameters of Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae in laboratory

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Lisete Maria Lorini

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Lonomia obliqua is an insect that has urticant spines in the larval stage. This species may cause death as a result of haemorrhages caused by a toxin released from the caterpillar's spines onto the skin of the victim. Since 1989 when this species was identified in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, many accidents have happened. The aim of this study was to verify the oviposition, fecundity, fertility, viability of eggs and incubation period of the species. Adults were left in a moth's cage to mate and lay eggs. Thirteen couples were observed daily, and the number of eggs and the caterpillars emerged were recorded. The results showed a mean of 2.8 (± 1.3 ovipositions, a mean fecundity of 135.3 (± 54.4 eggs/female, a mean fertility of 111.9 (± 55.4 eggs/female, a mean egg viability of 80.9 (± 20.97 % and a mean incubation period of 31.8 (± 5.8 days.O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar os parâmetros biológicos de oviposição, fecundidade, fertilidade, viabilidade dos ovos e período de incubação de Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855, em laboratório. As lagartas foram coletadas no campo nos municípios de Santa Cruz do Sul, Erechim, Guaporé, Passo Fundo, Não-Me-Toque, São Jorge, Farroupilha e Vila Lângaro, no Rio Grande do Sul, e Concórdia em Santa Catarina. As lagartas foram mantidas em sala de criação, com a leitura diária da temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, até a emergência dos adultos. Após a sexagem, cada casal foi colocado em uma gaiola para acasalamento e postura. Acompanhou-se, diariamente, as posturas das fêmeas e a eclosão das lagartas, determinando-se o número de posturas por fêmea, a fecundidade, a fertilidade, a viabilidade e o período de incubação dos ovos. O número médio de oviposições foi de 2,8 (± 1,3, fecundidade média de 135,30 (± 54,4 ovos por fêmea, fertilidade média de 111,9 (± 55,4 ovos por fêmea. A viabilidade média dos ovos foi de 80,9 (± 21,0 % e obteve-se um período médio de incuba

Avaliação do estado nutricional de seringais implantados na região da Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais Nutritional evaluation of rubber tree plantations at Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

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Ciríaca Arcangela Ferreira de Santana do Carmo

2002-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o estado nutricional de seringais implantados na Zona da Mata, em Minas Gerais, visando contribuir com um programa racional de adubações. Em seringais do clone IAN 873 foram determinadas a classe do solo, fertilidade, nutrição e produção de borracha seca. Grande parte dos seringais encontra-se em Latossolos extremamente ácidos com Al alto e N, P, K, soma de bases trocáveis e capacidade de troca de cátions baixos. Os teores de Ca e Mg variaram de médios a altos nos Latossolos e foram muito altos nos Nitossolos, correlacionando-se negativamente com a produção de borracha seca. A análise foliar detectou desequilíbrios nutricionais no que se refere aos baixos teores de N e K evidenciados pela correlação positiva significativa com a produção de borracha seca. A correlação significativa negativa entre a produção de borracha seca e os teores de Ca foliares, associados aos altos teores de Mg, sugerem a redução desses nutrientes nas adubações. Dos micronutrientes, apenas o Cu apresentou correlação positiva e significativa com a produção de borracha seca.The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional status of rubber tree plantations at Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, to contribute with fertilization programs. Soil class, fertility levels, nutritional state and production of dry rubber were determined in rubber plantations of the clone IAN 873. Most plantations occur over extremely acid Oxisols with high contents of Al and low values of N, P, K, sum of exchangeable basis and cation exchange capacity. Calcium and Mg contents varied from medium to high and showed negative correlation with dry rubber production. Plant analysis showed unbalanced contents of N and K with low values but positive and significant correlation with dry rubber production. Significant and negative correlation between dry rubber production and Ca contents, associated to high contents of Mg

Organic micropollutants on river sediments from Rio de Janeiro State, Southeast Brazil Micro-poluentes orgânicos em sedimentos fluviais no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil

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João Paulo Machado Torres

2002-04-01

Full Text Available The paper is a contribution for the knowledge upon concentrations and fate of different kinds of organic micropollutants in Tropical River system from a very industrialized region in Brazil. The presented data was obtained during three years of an International Research Project between Brazilian and Dutch institutions. The sediments were sampled at the Paraiba do Sul-Guandu river watershed, the most important watercourse of Rio de Janeiro state, where up 90 % of the population depends on its water for domestic uses. After extraction with non-polar solvents in a hot sohxlet device and clean up using chromatographic columns, three classes of organic micropollutants were analyzed: organochlorine insecticides (OCs, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs. The organochlorines, including the PCBs were scarcely present in the collected samples probably reflecting the restrictions of use of this class of compounds in the Brazilian market. However, the PAHs levels were high at the vicinity of a huge steelworks located in the city of Volta Redonda. This contamination is probably due to the massive use of coal in the above-cited metallurgical plant.Este artigo pretende contribuir para o conhecimento sobre a concentração e destino de diferentes tipos de micro-poluentes num sistema fluvial tropical de uma região brasileira altamente industrializada. Os dados apresentados foram obtidos ao longo de três anos, como parte de um projeto de pesquisa internacional envolvendo instituições brasileiras e holandesas. As amostras de sedimentos foram obtidas da bacia hidrográfica Paraíba do Sul/Guandu, a mais importante hidrovia no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, onde 90% da população depende dessa água para uso doméstico. Após extração com solventes não-polares num dispositivo sohxlet quente, e limpeza utilizando colunas cromatográficas, foram analisadas três classes de micro-poluentes orgânicos: inseticidas

7 CFR 1220.615 - State and United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State and United States. 1220.615 Section 1220.615... CONSUMER INFORMATION Procedures To Request a Referendum Definitions § 1220.615 State and United States. State and United States include the 50 States of the United States of America, the District of Columbia...

7 CFR 1220.129 - State and United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State and United States. 1220.129 Section 1220.129... CONSUMER INFORMATION Soybean Promotion and Research Order Definitions § 1220.129 State and United States. The terms State and United States include the 50 States of the United States of America, the District...

7 CFR 1209.21 - State and United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false State and United States. 1209.21 Section 1209.21... Definitions § 1209.21 State and United States. (a) State means any of the several States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (b) United States means collectively the several States of...

Optimal resource states for local state discrimination

Science.gov (United States)

Bandyopadhyay, Somshubhro; Halder, Saronath; Nathanson, Michael

2018-02-01

We study the problem of locally distinguishing pure quantum states using shared entanglement as a resource. For a given set of locally indistinguishable states, we define a resource state to be useful if it can enhance local distinguishability and optimal if it can distinguish the states as well as global measurements and is also minimal with respect to a partial ordering defined by entanglement and dimension. We present examples of useful resources and show that an entangled state need not be useful for distinguishing a given set of states. We obtain optimal resources with explicit local protocols to distinguish multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and graph states and also show that a maximally entangled state is an optimal resource under one-way local operations and classical communication to distinguish any bipartite orthonormal basis which contains at least one entangled state of full Schmidt rank.

Study of the uranium availability through the research method Th/U

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fernandez, Zahily Herrero; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo dos; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Damascena, Kennedy Francys Rodrigues; Medeiros, Nilson Vicente da Silva; Maciel Neto, Jose de Almeida, E-mail: zahily1985@gmail.com, E-mail: jaraujo@ufpe.br, E-mail: romilton@ufpe.br, E-mail: neideden@hotmail.com, E-mail: kennedy.eng.ambiental@gmail.com, E-mail: nvsmedeiros@gmail.com, E-mail: profjosemaciel@gmail.com [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Centro de Tecnologia e Geociencias. Departamento de Energia Nuclear; Alvarez, Juan Reinaldo Estevez, E-mail: jestevez@ceaden.cu [Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnologicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana (Cuba); Silva, Alberto Antonio da, E-mail: alberto.silva@barreiros.ifpe.edu.br [Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia de Pernambuco (IFPE), Barreiros, PE (Brazil)

2015-07-01

The uranium and thorium, precursors of the main natural radioactive series, have different concentrations in the Earth's crust. The ratio Th/U has been used as an indicator of oxidizing and reducing conditions, whose factors suggest availability of uranium to displacement in the environment and incorporations in different matrices. This parameter become essential to determine possible conditions of availability by the chemical form and incorporation in the food chain. The state of Paraiba, in northeastern Brazil, has a uranium deposits located in Sao Jose de Espinharas, where there are agricultural practices in areas surrounding the deposit of natural uranium. The Environmental Monitoring Program and Radioecological, making it an area that offers all the features for research mobility of uranium, chemical form and availability of incorporation, in addition to understanding the kinetics and transport of this natural radionuclide in the environment. Soil samples were collected from agricultural areas, close to the uraniferous occurrences where the samples were analyzed in the Laboratorio de Radioecologia e Controle Ambiental (LARCA) of the Departamento de Energia Nuclear at the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry, obtaining the experimental activities of {sup 238}U and {sup 232}Th using indirect gamma measures. The obtained findings show that the ratio Th/U varied from 0.11 to 1.33, with an average of 0.69. (author)

A fossil loricariid catfish (Siluriformes: Loricarioidea from the Taubaté Basin, eastern Brazil

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Maria Claudia Malabarba

Full Text Available A new loricariid catfish is described from the Tremembé Formation (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene sediments of the Taubaté Basin in eastern São Paulo State, Brazil. Taubateia paraiba, new genus and species, is based on a single specimen preserved as a ventral-side impression of an articulated partial neurocranium, dorsal elements of the pectoral girdle and anterior vertebrae. The fossil is identified as belonging to family Loricariidae based on obvious overall similarity and the presence of diagnostic derived characters such as: odontodes, dorsal margin of metapterygoid contacting lateral ethmoid, presence of mesethmoid disk (condyle, and compound pterotic-supracleithrum bone. Also, as in most loricariids, the ossified transcapular (Baudelot's ligament plus basiocciptal lateral process form a prominent transverse wall at the occiput. Other derived characters preserved in Taubateia are synapomorphies at different levels within Loricariidae, including a wide and low parasphenoid, form of pterotic-supracleithrum, shape and position of the mesethmoid disk, a triangular lateral ethmoid with expanded posterolateral corner and a rounded and low ridge articulating with the metapterygoid, and a pointed distal margin of transverse process of the Weberian compound centrum. The derived characters recognized in this fossil are a distinctive combination for diagnosing a new genus and species but not for its unambiguous placements in any of the currently recognized loricariid subfamilies.

Intoxication of goats by Plumbago scandens in Northeastern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Medeiros, R M; Barbosa, R C; Lima, E F; Simões, S V; Riet-Correa, F

2001-06-01

In the State of Paraiba, Northeastern Brazil, goat mortality occurred with the ingestion of Plumbago scandens. The fresh plant was then given experimentally to 4 goats at 5, 10, 17.5 or 25 g/kg bw. Depression, anorexia, salivation with foamy saliva, bellowing, bruxism, humpbacked posture, bloat, ruminal atony, continuous lateral head movements, tachycardia, dyspnea and dark brown to black urine were observed in the goats given 17.5 or 25 g/kg bw. The goats receiving 5 or 10 g/kg bw had less severe signs. The goat dosed with 25 g/kg bw died after 18-20 h. All others recovered in 3-9 d. At necropsy of the high dose goat, the main lesions were dark violet to black discoloration of the mucosa of the tongue, esophagus, reticulum and ventral sac of the rumen, and gelatinous edema in the visceral ruminal peritoneum. Histologically the reticulum and ventral rumen sac had diffuse epithelial necrosis and severe edema and neutrophilic infiltration of the submucosa. Separation of the ruminal epithelium from the submucosa was observed. Epithelial degeneration and necrosis was also seen in the omasum, esophagus and tongue. Reproduction of the disease with clinical signs similar to those observed by the farmer in the spontaneously affected goats suggests that the clinical mortality was caused by ingestion of Plumbago scandens.

Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in Atlantic Rain Forest fragments, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Soares Quinete, Natalia, E-mail: nataliaquinete@yahoo.com.br [Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Departamento de Quimica Analitica, Laboratorio de Quimica Analitica e Metrologia em Quimica, Av. Venezuela, 82 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 (Brazil); Santos de Oliveira, Elba dos [Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Departamento de Energia, Av. Venezuela, 82 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312 (Brazil); Fernandes, Daniella R. [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Departamento de Quimica Analitica, CT - Bloco A, Cidade Universitaria, 21941-909 - Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Souza Avelar, Andre de [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Geografia, Instituto de Geociencias, CCMN, Bloco F, Cidade Universitaria, 21941-919 - Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Erthal Santelli, Ricardo [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Quimica, Departamento de Quimica Analitica, CT - Bloco A, Cidade Universitaria, 21941-909 - Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2011-12-15

A superficial water quality survey in a watershed of the Paraiba do Sul River, the main water supply for the most populated cities of southeastern Brazil, was held in order to assess the impact of the expansion of agricultural activity in the near border of the Atlantic Rain Forest. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of priority organochlorine pollutants in soils and superficial waters of Atlantic rainforest fragments in Teresopolis, Rio de Janeiro State. Soil sample preparations were compared by using ultrasound, microwave assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction. Recoveries of matrix spiked samples ranged from 70 to 130%. Analysis of a certified soil material showed recoveries ranging from 71 to 234%. Although low concentrations of organochlorine residues were found in water and soil samples, this area is of environmental importance and concern, thus demanding a monitoring program of its compartments. - Highlights: > The organochlorine pollutants occurrence in the Atlantic Rain Forest was investigated. > PARNASO was considered a control area of environmental quality. > Extractions methods were compared for typical C-rich soils samples from Brazil. > Low concentrations of organochlorine residues were found in water and soil samples. > A monitoring program is demanded due to the environmental importance of the area. - The occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in soils of the Atlantic rainforest fragments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil demands a monitoring program of its compartments.

Contribution for geochronological evolution study of the Pianco-Alto Brigida fold belt system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brito Neves, B.B. de; Basei, M.A.S.; Van Schmus, W.R.

1990-01-01

The Proterozoic Painco-Alto Fold Belt is situated in the central portion of the Borborema Province and it probably is just a segment of a longer structural development encompassed between the Patos (N) and Pernambuco (S) lineaments. The geochronological study was carried out along a cross section in the central part of the belt (Paraiba State) where biotite-muscovite quartz schists are the predominating rock types, including intercalations of bi-modal volcanics, marbles and quartzites. These rocks were metamorphosed in the amphibolite facies, and they display a complex history of folding. Zircons of the acid volcanics (meta-rhyolytes where analysed through U/Pb method and they plot in a discordia diagram with superior intercept indicating ages around 1100 Ma. Whole rocks Rb/Sr analyses on the same meta-volcanics are indicating isochrons of 950Ma. These data are being respectively interpreted as ages of sedimentation (and volcanism) and regional metamorphism associated to the main (D sub(2)) phase of folding. One of the main purpose of this paper is to stress the importance of the ages around 950Ma, in the central domain of the Borborema Province, as result of regional folding and metamorphism. Some other occurence of ages in the 1000-900Ma range will be discussed as support for this interpretation from now on adopted. (author)

Castor bean response to zinc fertilization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chaves, Lucia Helena Garofalo; Cunha, Tassio Henrique Cavalcanti da Silva; Lima, Vinicius Mota; Cabral, Paulo Cesar Pinto; Barros Junior, Genival; Lacerda, Rogerio Dantas de [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAEAg/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia Agricola

2008-07-01

Zinc is a trace element and it is absolutely essential for the normal healthy growth of plants. This element plays a part of several enzyme systems and other metabolic functions in the plants. Castor beans (Ricinus communis L.) crop is raising attention as an alternative crop for oil and biodiesel production. Despite the mineral fertilization is an important factor for increasing castor beans yield, few researches has been made on this issue, mainly on the use of zinc. In order to evaluate the effects of zinc on growth of this plant an experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in Campina Grande, Paraiba State, Brazil, from July to December 2007. The substrate for the pot plants was a 6 mm-sieved surface soil (Neossolo Quartzarenico). The experimental design was a completely randomized with three replications. The treatments were composed of five levels of Zn (0; 2; 4; 6 and 8 mg dm{sup -3}), which were applied at the time of planting. One plant of castor bean, cultivar BRS 188 - Paraguacu, was grown per pot after thinning and was irrigated whenever necessary. Data on plant height, number and length of leaves and stem diameter were measured at 21, 34, 77 and 103 days after planting. Under conditions that the experiment was carried out the results showed that the Zn levels used, did not affect the castor bean plants growth. (author)

Budgetary Structure as a Determinant in Measuring Fiscal Transparency

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benito Furtado Mota

2017-08-01

Full Text Available National and International research studies often relate fiscal transparency to political, socio-economic and fiscal variables. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze how budget execution (revenues and expenses influence active fiscal transparency in municipalities in the state of Paraiba. Thus, Focco-PB (Forum on Fighting Corruption Paraíba reports were analyzed, with a view to identifying the  Active Fiscal Transparency Index in Paraíba’s municipalities in relation to this study’s dependent variable. Subsequently, independent variables were collected (intergovernmental transfer revenue, individual per capita revenue, spending on human resources, education and health in the TCE / PB database. Initially, a Pearson correlation test was performed and later an analysis of panel data  with a fixed effect. Furthermore, descriptive analyses of the dependent variables in relation to data for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015 were conducted. The results suggest that Income from Transfers and Health Expenditure  reflected a negative relation with respect to the Active Fiscal Transparency Index whilst (ITFA Individual Income Per Capita and Spending on Human Resources indicate a positive relation.   As proposed in this study, it can be concluded that most of the variables studied and which make up budgetary structure impact on the Active Fiscal Transparency Index in Paraíba’s municipalities.

Study of the uranium availability through the research method Th/U

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandez, Zahily Herrero; Santos Junior, Jose Araujo dos; Amaral, Romilton dos Santos; Santos, Josineide Marques do Nascimento; Damascena, Kennedy Francys Rodrigues; Medeiros, Nilson Vicente da Silva; Maciel Neto, Jose de Almeida; Silva, Alberto Antonio da

2015-01-01

The uranium and thorium, precursors of the main natural radioactive series, have different concentrations in the Earth's crust. The ratio Th/U has been used as an indicator of oxidizing and reducing conditions, whose factors suggest availability of uranium to displacement in the environment and incorporations in different matrices. This parameter become essential to determine possible conditions of availability by the chemical form and incorporation in the food chain. The state of Paraiba, in northeastern Brazil, has a uranium deposits located in Sao Jose de Espinharas, where there are agricultural practices in areas surrounding the deposit of natural uranium. The Environmental Monitoring Program and Radioecological, making it an area that offers all the features for research mobility of uranium, chemical form and availability of incorporation, in addition to understanding the kinetics and transport of this natural radionuclide in the environment. Soil samples were collected from agricultural areas, close to the uraniferous occurrences where the samples were analyzed in the Laboratorio de Radioecologia e Controle Ambiental (LARCA) of the Departamento de Energia Nuclear at the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) by High Resolution Gamma Spectrometry, obtaining the experimental activities of 238 U and 232 Th using indirect gamma measures. The obtained findings show that the ratio Th/U varied from 0.11 to 1.33, with an average of 0.69. (author)

Assessment of organochlorine pesticide residues in Atlantic Rain Forest fragments, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Soares Quinete, Natalia; Santos de Oliveira, Elba dos; Fernandes, Daniella R.; Souza Avelar, Andre de; Erthal Santelli, Ricardo

2011-01-01

A superficial water quality survey in a watershed of the Paraiba do Sul River, the main water supply for the most populated cities of southeastern Brazil, was held in order to assess the impact of the expansion of agricultural activity in the near border of the Atlantic Rain Forest. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of priority organochlorine pollutants in soils and superficial waters of Atlantic rainforest fragments in Teresopolis, Rio de Janeiro State. Soil sample preparations were compared by using ultrasound, microwave assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction. Recoveries of matrix spiked samples ranged from 70 to 130%. Analysis of a certified soil material showed recoveries ranging from 71 to 234%. Although low concentrations of organochlorine residues were found in water and soil samples, this area is of environmental importance and concern, thus demanding a monitoring program of its compartments. - Highlights: → The organochlorine pollutants occurrence in the Atlantic Rain Forest was investigated. → PARNASO was considered a control area of environmental quality. → Extractions methods were compared for typical C-rich soils samples from Brazil. → Low concentrations of organochlorine residues were found in water and soil samples. → A monitoring program is demanded due to the environmental importance of the area. - The occurrence of organochlorine pollutants in soils of the Atlantic rainforest fragments in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil demands a monitoring program of its compartments.

Diferentes níveis de energia metabolizável para galos reprodutores de corte com ou sem retirada da crista Different levels of metabolizable energy for broiler breeders of cutting with or without the crest cutting

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Walter Lucca

2011-03-01

Full Text Available O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar qual o melhor nível energético na dieta para galos reprodutores de corte da linhagem Cobb 500 e a influência da presença da crista em parâmetros como: peso corporal, volume de sêmen, concentração de células espermáticas e fertilidade. Foram utilizados 32 galos de 22 até 44 semanas de idade, distribuídos aleatoriamente em gaiolas metálicas com comedouro e bebedouro tipo calha. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x2, sendo dois níveis de energia (2600 e 2800kcal EM kg-1 e duas condições de crista (com e sem corte, formando quatro tratamentos com oito repetições, com uma ave por unidade experimental. Na 24ª semana, iniciou-se a coleta de dados para a análise estatística, sempre intercalando a semana de pesagem das aves com a coleta de sêmen, o qual foi coletado através do método Americano e, para contagem de células espermáticas, fez-se a diluição do sêmen a base de formol salina tamponada para posterior leitura na câmara de Neubauer. Avaliou-se a fertilidade dos machos inseminando artificialmente seis fêmeas por tratamento, duas vezes por semana com 0,05mL de sêmen por fêmea. Os ovos foram coletados quatro vezes por dia, identificados, desinfetados e incubados em condições similares. No 21° dia de incubação, os ovos que não eclodiram foram quebrados e examinados macroscopicamente para calcular a fertilidade. Os níveis de energia estudados não revelaram diferença significativa no peso corporal e no volume de sêmen dos galos durante o período experimental. Já o corte da crista reduziu 9,5% do peso corporal e 24% da fertilidade em relação a aves com crista inteira. Nas semanas 29ª, 35ª, 37ª, e 43ª, observou-se maior concentração de células espermáticas em aves que receberam dieta com 2600kcal EM kg-1. Conclui-se que o nível de 2600kcal EM kg-1 é suficiente para atender os par

Apparent discrepancy in contamination history of a sub-tropical estuary evaluated through 21Pb profile and chronostratigraphical markers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marques, Aguinaldo N. . E-mail amarques@vm.uff.br; Monna, Fabrice; Silva Filho, Emmanoel V. da; Fernex, Francois E.; Fernando Lamego Simoes Filho, F.

2006-01-01

Zn and Cd concentrations, stable lead isotopes and 21 Pb-derived chronology were determined in a sediment core sampled at Sepetiba Bay (South-eastern Brazil). During the last decades, the bay's watershed has been modified by the increase of industrial activities and human interventions. In particular, Zn and Cd ore treatment plants were built near the coast in 1960 and 1970, respectively, and water has been diverted from the adjacent Paraiba do Sul River watershed since 1950. The core collected at shallow depth near the industrial area exhibits four successive events: (i) at 50 cm depth, a change in the 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratio from about 1.162 to more than 1.18 might be the result of the Sao Francisco Channel opening and water diversion from Paraiba do Sul river; (ii) at 40 cm depth, Zn concentration starts to increase (up to 0.8 mg g -1 ) (iii) above 30 cm depth, relatively high Cd concentrations (up to 1.6 μg g -1 ) are observed and (iv) at 16 cm depth, change in unsupported 21 Pb slope is probably related to a waste dam built to prevent strong metal contamination in the bay. Sediment accumulation rates evaluated by Zn and Cd profiles used as time-markers are higher than those calculated from 21 Pb-based chronology models. Using the constant initial concentration (CIC) model both events are supposed to date back to about 1884 and 1902, respectively, while using the constant rate of supply (CRS) model it shifts to about 1925 and 1935. Such discrepancies are probably assigned to the fact that these models do not take into account site-specific local sedimentation dynamics. In the study area, particles deposition seems to be controlled by enrichment with unsupported 21 Pb transported by runoff from a mangrove flat bank. Chronology derived from a model that assumes an exponential increase of the initial 21 Pb activity fits well with the estimated rates obtained from historical events

Apparent discrepancy in contamination history of a sub-tropical estuary evaluated through {sup 21}Pb profile and chronostratigraphical markers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marques, Aguinaldo N. [Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro Sao Joao Batista, s/n, Centro-Niteroi, Caixa Postal 100 644, 24 001-970, RJ (Brazil)]. E-mail amarques@vm.uff.br; Monna, Fabrice [Archeologie, Culture et Societes, Centre des Sciences de la Terre, UMR 5594 Universite de Bourgogne, CNRS, bld Gabriel, F-21000 Dijon (France); Silva Filho, Emmanoel V. da [Departamento de Geoquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil); Fernex, Francois E. [Departamento de Geoquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ (Brazil); Departement des Sciences de la Terre, Universite de Nice, Valrose, 06108 Nice (France); Fernando Lamego Simoes Filho, F. [Instituto de Radioprotecao e Dosimetria, Rio de Janeiro 22780-160, RJ (Brazil)

2006-05-15

Zn and Cd concentrations, stable lead isotopes and {sup 21}Pb-derived chronology were determined in a sediment core sampled at Sepetiba Bay (South-eastern Brazil). During the last decades, the bay's watershed has been modified by the increase of industrial activities and human interventions. In particular, Zn and Cd ore treatment plants were built near the coast in 1960 and 1970, respectively, and water has been diverted from the adjacent Paraiba do Sul River watershed since 1950. The core collected at shallow depth near the industrial area exhibits four successive events: (i) at 50 cm depth, a change in the {sup 206}Pb/{sup 207}Pb ratio from about 1.162 to more than 1.18 might be the result of the Sao Francisco Channel opening and water diversion from Paraiba do Sul river; (ii) at 40 cm depth, Zn concentration starts to increase (up to 0.8 mg g{sup -1}) (iii) above 30 cm depth, relatively high Cd concentrations (up to 1.6 {mu}g g{sup -1}) are observed and (iv) at 16 cm depth, change in unsupported {sup 21}Pb slope is probably related to a waste dam built to prevent strong metal contamination in the bay. Sediment accumulation rates evaluated by Zn and Cd profiles used as time-markers are higher than those calculated from {sup 21}Pb-based chronology models. Using the constant initial concentration (CIC) model both events are supposed to date back to about 1884 and 1902, respectively, while using the constant rate of supply (CRS) model it shifts to about 1925 and 1935. Such discrepancies are probably assigned to the fact that these models do not take into account site-specific local sedimentation dynamics. In the study area, particles deposition seems to be controlled by enrichment with unsupported {sup 21}Pb transported by runoff from a mangrove flat bank. Chronology derived from a model that assumes an exponential increase of the initial {sup 21}Pb activity fits well with the estimated rates obtained from historical events.

Fertilidade de solos construídos em áreas de mineração de carvão na região sul de Santa Catarina Soil fertility of coal mining reclaimed areas in the southern region of Santa Catarina

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Samuel Costa

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de analisar a fertilidade de solos construídos sobre áreas mineradas de carvão a céu aberto (28º35'50'' S e 49º25'26'' W no Município de Siderópolis, SC, foram escolhidas duas áreas recuperadas em épocas distintas: área IV em 2002 e área VI em 2003. No centro de cada área foi estabelecida uma transecção de 100 m de comprimento, em que foram lançadas alternadamente à direita e à esquerda, a intervalos de 10 m, transecções perpendiculares de 20 m, em que foram coletadas nove amostras de solo (0 - 0,2 m. As nove amostras de cada grupo de dois transectos consecutivos foram reunidas em uma amostra composta, reduzindo o universo amostral de 90 para cinco amostras de solo de cada área. Foram analisados os teores de argila, pH, fósforo, potássio, matéria orgânica, alumínio, cálcio, magnésio, H + Al, soma das bases, CTC e saturação por bases. Em ambas as áreas, o teor de argila foi enquadrada na classe 3, o teor de matéria orgânica foi baixa, o pH e V% muito baixos, o Mg variou de médio a alto, a SB variou de baixa a média e a CTC foi considerada alta. Na área IV, o teor de P foi baixo, e o de Ca variou de médio a baixo, enquanto na área VI o teor de P variou de baixo a médio, e o de Ca foi baixo. Embora tenham sido observadas diferenças entre alguns dos parâmetros analisados, essas não foram severamente afetadas pelo tempo de recuperação das duas áreas.With the objective of analyzing the fertility of soils built over open pit coal mining areas (28º35'50'' S e 49º25'26'' W in the city of Siderópolis (SC, two areas of different reclamation ages were selected: area IV and area VI, reclaimed in 2002 and 2003, respectively. A 100m transection was established in the center of each area, where perpendicular 20m transects were tossed at regular intervals of 10m, alternating to the right and to the left, and nine soil samples were collected (0 - 0,2 m. The nine samples of each group of two

Minimally conscious state or cortically mediated state?

Science.gov (United States)

Naccache, Lionel

2018-04-01

Durable impairments of consciousness are currently classified in three main neurological categories: comatose state, vegetative state (also recently coined unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) and minimally conscious state. While the introduction of minimally conscious state, in 2002, was a major progress to help clinicians recognize complex non-reflexive behaviours in the absence of functional communication, it raises several problems. The most important issue related to minimally conscious state lies in its criteria: while behavioural definition of minimally conscious state lacks any direct evidence of patient's conscious content or conscious state, it includes the adjective 'conscious'. I discuss this major problem in this review and propose a novel interpretation of minimally conscious state: its criteria do not inform us about the potential residual consciousness of patients, but they do inform us with certainty about the presence of a cortically mediated state. Based on this constructive criticism review, I suggest three proposals aiming at improving the way we describe the subjective and cognitive state of non-communicating patients. In particular, I present a tentative new classification of impairments of consciousness that combines behavioural evidence with functional brain imaging data, in order to probe directly and univocally residual conscious processes.

State laws on tobacco control--United States, 1998.

Science.gov (United States)

Fishman, J A; Allison, H; Knowles, S B; Fishburn, B A; Woollery, T A; Marx, W T; Shelton, D M; Husten, C G; Eriksen, M P

1999-06-25

State laws addressing tobacco use, the leading preventable cause of death in the United States, are summarized. Laws address smoke-free indoor air, minors' access to tobacco products, advertising of tobacco products, and excise taxes on tobacco products. Legislation effective through December 31, 1998. CDC identified laws addressing tobacco control by using an on-line legal research database. CDC's findings were verified with the National Cancer Institute's State Cancer Legislative Database. Since a previous surveillance summary on state tobacco-control laws published in November 1995 (covering legislation effective through June 30, 1995), several states have enacted new restrictions or strengthened existing legislation that addresses smoke-free indoor air, minors' access to tobacco, tobacco advertising, and tobacco taxes. Five states strengthened their smoke-free indoor air legislation. All states and Washington, D.C., continued to prohibit the sale and distribution of tobacco products to minors; however, 21 states expanded minors' access laws by designating enforcement authorities, adding license suspension or revocation for sale to minors, or requiring signage. Since the 1995 report, eight additional states (a total of 19 states and Washington, D.C.) now ban vending machines from areas accessible to minors. Thirteen states restrict advertising of tobacco products, an increase of four states since the 1995 report. Although the number of states that tax cigarettes and smokeless tobacco did not change, 13 states increased excise taxes on cigarettes, and five states increased excise taxes on smokeless tobacco products. The average state excise tax on cigarettes is 38.9 cents per pack, an increase of 7.4 cents compared with the average tax in the 1995 report. State laws addressing tobacco control vary in relation to restrictiveness, enforcement and penalties, preemptions, and exceptions. The data summarizing state tobacco-control laws are available through CDC

Knowledge, attitude and practice of condom use by women of an impoverished urban area

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Smalyanna Sgren da Costa Andrade

2015-06-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. METHOD An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use.

Study on the mechanical properties of a HMS-PP nanocomposite with a Brazilian bentonite; Estudo das propriedades mecanicas de um nanocomposito de HMS-PP com uma bentonita brasileira

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fermino, D M; Parra, D F; Lugao, A B; Oliani, W.L., E-mail: mfermino@usp.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Valenzuela-Diaz, F R [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais

2010-07-01

This work concerns to the study of the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite HMSPP - Polypropylene High Melt Strength (obtained at a dose of 12.5 kGy) and a bentonite clay Brazilian Paraiba (PB), known as 'Chocolate' in concentrations of 5 and 10% by weight, comparison of to one American Clay, cloisite 20A nanocomposite was done. Agent compatibilizer polypropylene-graft, known as maleic anhydride (PP-g-AM) was addict 3% concentration thought technique melt intercalation using a twin-screw extruder and the specimens were prepared by injection process. The mechanical behavior was evaluated by strength, flexural strength and impact tests. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied by the technique of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while the organophilic bentonite and nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (FTIR). (author)

Study on the mechanical properties of a HMS-PP nanocomposite with a Brazilian bentonite; Estudo das propriedades mecanicas de um nanocomposito de HMS-PP com uma bentonita brasileira

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fermino, D.M.; Parra, D.F.; Lugao, A.B.; Oliani, W.L., E-mail: mfermino@usp.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Valenzuela-Diaz, F.R. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Escola Politecnica. Dept. de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais

2010-07-01

This work concerns to the study of the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite HMSPP - Polypropylene High Melt Strength (obtained at a dose of 12.5 kGy) and a bentonite clay Brazilian Paraiba (PB), known as 'Chocolate' in concentrations of 5 and 10% by weight, comparison of to one American Clay, cloisite 20A nanocomposite was done. Agent compatibilizer polypropylene-graft, known as maleic anhydride (PP-g-AM) was addict 3% concentration thought technique melt intercalation using a twin-screw extruder and the specimens were prepared by injection process. The mechanical behavior was evaluated by strength, flexural strength and impact tests. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied by the technique of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while the organophilic bentonite and nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (FTIR). (author)

Study on the mechanical properties of a HMS-PP nanocomposite with a Brazilian bentonite

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fermino, D.M.; Parra, D.F.; Lugao, A.B.; Oliani, W.L.; Valenzuela-Diaz, F.R.

2010-01-01

This work concerns to the study of the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposite HMSPP - Polypropylene High Melt Strength (obtained at a dose of 12.5 kGy) and a bentonite clay Brazilian Paraiba (PB), known as 'Chocolate' in concentrations of 5 and 10% by weight, comparison of to one American Clay, cloisite 20A nanocomposite was done. Agent compatibilizer polypropylene-graft, known as maleic anhydride (PP-g-AM) was addict 3% concentration thought technique melt intercalation using a twin-screw extruder and the specimens were prepared by injection process. The mechanical behavior was evaluated by strength, flexural strength and impact tests. The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied by the technique of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while the organophilic bentonite and nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared (FTIR). (author)

Acknowledgment - Issue 64

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Executive Editor

2016-11-01

• Saúl Hiram Souto Fuentes (Universidad de Monterrey - UDEM, México Reviewers invited • Deborah Ribeiro Carvalho (Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR, Brasil • Fabiano Ferreira de Castro (Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCAR, Brasil • Isa Maria Freire (Universidade Federal de Paraiba - UFPB, Brasil • Luciano Antonio Digiampietri (Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Brasil • Maria Inês Tomaél (Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Brasil • Murilo Bastos da Cunha (Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasil • Orlando Corzo Cauracurí (Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM, Perú • Thais Batista Zaninelli (Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Brasil In the same way our acknowledge to University Library System (University of Pittsburgh - PITTS, USA by constant technical support and advice for our journal.

Profile of nursing diagnoses of hospitalized patients in an infectious disease unit

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Vinicius Lino de Souza Neto

Full Text Available Objective: To define the profile of nursing diagnoses of hospitalized patients at an infectious diseases unit.Methods: This is a descriptive study based on the quantitative approach conducted at an infectious diseases unit in Paraiba, Brazil, from January to February 2014. The data collection instrument was based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs by Wanda de Aguiar Horta, followed by the classification system CIPE(r version 2.0 to construct the diagnoses.Results: Data analysis resulted in 36 nursing diagnoses statements, with a higher prevalence of impaired food intake, cachexia, impaired spontaneous bladder elimination, impaired oral cavity hygiene, exposure to contamination, rapid heart rate, insomnia, drug abuse, alcohol and tobacco abuse, social isolation, acceptance and fear.Conclusions: The identification of a diagnostics profile is critical to guide nursing interventions.

Optimization of the process of synthesis of hydrophobic clay; Otimizacao do processo de sintese de uma argila hidrofobica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muniz, C.C.; Silva, S.M.L. da [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAEMa/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Engenharia de Materiais; Raposo, C.M.O., E-mail: raposo@dmg.ufcg.edu.b [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UAMG/UFCG), PB (Brazil). Unidade Academica de Mineracao e Geologia

2009-07-01

Bentonite is a nature silicate pertaining subclass of phyllosilicates 2:1, being formed of accessories minerals, which montmorillonite there is in content more significant. The minerals and intrinsic impurities in the mineral predominant, such as, the procedure of organic modification, probably, influence so significant the obtainment of hydrophobic powders with crystallographic characteristics most appropriate to obtainment of materials nanostructured. The aim of the work was the optimization of synthesis process of hydrophobic clay promoted at the powder prepared a new structural profile. The original matter, bentonite, from Bentonit Uniao Nordeste- BUN/Paraiba, was previously purified and organophilized used an ammonium quaternary salt. The characterization of solids prepared was realized by infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction indicating the obtainment of material with competitive profile when compared to the commercial one. (author)

Guía de hábitos alimentarios para el tratamiento de fertilidad

OpenAIRE

Carretero Lozano, Naiara

2014-01-01

La alimentación es una de las necesidades humanas más necesaria e importante para poder llevar una vida plena. Asi como la respiración o la circulación sanguinea se producen sin la voluntariedad de cada persona, la alimentación si que parte de este fundamento, pero además, regula, influye y condiciona los demás aspectos. Y con esta idea diversas teorias analizan como influye la alimentación a la hora de la procreación. A lo largo de este trabajo se analizan los diferentes componentes relativo...

Fertilidad del suelo y calidad nutricional de estacas de yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz

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López F. Yamel

1995-06-01

Full Text Available A study was conducted on the changes in nutritional content of cassava stems as a result of different soil fertilization levels, and on the effect of the stakes obtained from these stems on the subsequent crop. Results showed that the mother plants had different height and vigor depending on the 9 different nutritional levels of fertilizer application to the soils where they were grown. Stems of each of the 9 treatments produced stakes with different weights. Both the concentration ami the N-P-K content varied considerably depending on the fertilization treatment. These two parameters were lower when the amount of nutrient applied to the soil was lower. Germination percentage was strongly influenced by the level of K application as well as by its balance with N and P. The lowest germination percentage was registered by the treatment that received no K, but which had received a high level of N and P, which caused an disequilibrium in absorption of the elements. Germination potential was not affected by having planted the stakes in soils with or without fertilizer application, since what is important for this process was the amount of nutritional reserves that the stakes already brought with them, Stakes coming from plots with the highest level of N-PK application became plants with greater production of foliage and stems that were apt to be used as vegetative seed. These stakes also resulted in plants with greater total rood yield and greater production of commercial size roots.

Se estudió el cambio en el contenido nutricional de los tallos de yuca ocasionado por diferentes niveles de fertilización al suelo y el efecto de las estacas obtenidas de esos tallos sobre el cultivo subsiguiente. Los 9 niveles nutricionales del suelo incidieron en la altura y vigor de las plantas madres. Tanto la concentración como el contenido de N-P-K variaron notablemente según el nivel de fertilización utilizado, siendo más bajos entre más baja fuera la cantidad de cada nutrimento aplicada. La germinación más baja ocurrió con potasio o niveles altos de N y de P. La siembra del material en un suelo con o sin fertilizante no incidió en su capacidad de germinación debido al efecto de las reservas nutricionales de la estaca. La mayor producción de follaje y de tallos aptos para usar como material de siembra, el mayor rendimiento de raíces totales y la mayor producción de raíces de tamaño comercial se obtuvieron utilizando estacas provenientes de las parcelas a las cuales se aplicaron los niveles más altos de N-P-K.

A biogeochemical and isotopic view of Nitrogen and Carbon in rivers of the Alto Paraíba do Sul basin, São Paulo State, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Ravagnani, E. D. C.; Coletta, L. D.; Lins, S. R. M.; Antonio, J.; Mazzi, E. A.; Rossete, A. L. M.; Andrade, T. M. B.; Martinelli, L. A.

2014-12-01

The magnitude of potential flows of elements in tropical ecosystems is not well represented in the literature, even being very important. The Paraíba do Sul River drains the three more economically developed states in Brazil: São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro and its basin is considered extremely altered. Despite its economic and social importance (~ 5.3 mi inhabitants), we don't know much about carbon and nitrogen transport into its rivers and how these are affected by soil use changes. This work aimed to investigate these nutrients, using an isotopic and a biogeochemical approach, at some third order (Paraibuna, Paraitinga and Paraíba do Sul), second and first order rivers, all inserted at the Alto Paraíba do Sul Basin. In general, the low dissolved organic carbon, dissolved inorganic carbon, total dissolved nitrogen and inorganic N concentrations found in the first order rivers, showed the lower variation, despite changes in the soil use. Forested rivers presented higher DOC (3.3 mg.L-1) and TDN (14.2 mM) concentrations than the pasture rivers (2.6 mg.L-1 and 13.8 mM), while these presented higher DIC concentrations than those ones (90.2 mM and 71.2 mM). In third order rivers, the concentrations were also very low. Both carbon and nitrogen contents at the fine and coarse fractions of the suspended particulate material (SPM) were lower at Paraitinga and Paraiba do Sul Rivers. At the Paraibuna River, the fine fraction of SPM presented 25% of C concentration. The concentrations found at the coarse fraction were also higher at this river. The N concentrations were higher at the fine fraction and, consequently, this fraction presented higher C:N ratio. These observations allow us to say that the coarse fraction might be related to plant material, while the fine fraction is probably related to the soils. The δ13C in the SPM was lower in the Paraibuna River, probably due to the predominance of forest, while in the other ones pasture was the main soil use

CARACTERIZACIÓN QUÍMICA Y CLASIFICACIÓN TAXONÓMICA DE ALGUNOS SUELOS CULTIVADOS CON BANANO EN LAS LLANURAS ALUVIALES DEL CARIBE DE COSTA RICA

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Fulvio Arias

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó la caracterización morfológica, química y la clasificación taxonómica de algunos suelos cultivados con banano en las 11 cuencas hidrográficas que confluyen en las llanuras aluviales de la Vertiente Caribe de Costa Rica. Se identificaron 2 sectores con suelos que tienen propiedades morfológicas, químicas, y taxonómicas diferentes. En una zona, se encontraron principalmente Inceptisoles formados a partir de materiales fluvio-volcánicos con propiedades ándicas (Andic Eutrudepts, Aquandic Endoaquepts, Inceptisoles dístricos (Fluventic Dystrudepts y Andisoles (Typic Hapludands; caracterizados por presentar la mayoría buen drenaje, texturas medias (franco arenosa, franca, franca limosa, una suma de bases entre 10 y 19 cmol.l–1, una CIC entre 13 y 28 cmol.l–1 y carga permanente en la arcillas. En la otra zona, se encontraron principalmente Inceptisoles formados a partir de aluviones de origen sedimentario depositados por inundaciones frecuentes (Fluventic Endoaquepts, Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts, Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts, Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts, con una suma de bases entre 18 y 46 cmol.l–1, una CIC entre 19 y 46 cmol.l–1, sin propiedades ándicas, texturas finas y moderadamente finas (franco arcillosa, franco arcillosa limosa, arcillosa, arcillosa limosa y con problemas de drenajes en algunos casos (Endoaquepts, Epiaquepts, Fluvaquentic. Geográficamente, estas zonas fueron separadas por la subcuenca formada por los ríos Vueltas-Silencio-Parismina, de forma que hacia el noroeste se encuentran suelos con influencia volcánica y fertilidad media, y hacia el sureste suelos sin influencia volcánica y de fertilidad alta.

TAXA DE GESTAÇÃO EM ÉGUAS DA RAÇA CRIOULA APÓS ASPIRAÇÃO FOLICULAR GUIADA POR ULTRASSOM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vivian Campos Laia Franco

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Há poucos estudos sobre aspiração folicular transvaginal guiada por ultrassom na medicina equina abordando complicações futuras na fertilidade das éguas aspiradas. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da aspiração folicular na fertilidade das éguas, foram conduzidos dois experimentos. No experimento I, 15 éguas da raça Crioula foram distribuídas em três grupos de acordo com o diâmetro do folículo aspirado durante o estro: 25-29mm (n=4; grupo 1; 30-34mm (n=6; grupo 2;  35mm (n=5; grupo 3 e grupo controle (n=15; grupo 4. No experimento II, a aspiração folicular foi realizada em 25 éguas durante o diestro quando pelo menos 4 folículos (>5mm foram observados na ultrassonografia transretal em ambos os ovários. Foram aspirados todos os folículos visíveis, entre 4 e 8 mm. Trinta e uma éguas serviram como controle. No experimento I, a taxa de prenhez no ciclo seguinte a aspiração foi de 75% (grupo 1, 83,3% (grupo 2, 60% (grupo 3, e 73,3% (grupo 4. No experimento II foi de 76% no grupo aspirado e 77,4% no grupo controle (não aspirado. Em ambos os experimentos, as taxas de prenhez foram similares (P>0,05. Os resultados mostram que a taxa de concepção no primeiro ciclo após a aspiração folicular não é afetada pelo procedimento.

EMBARAZO EXITOSO EN PACIENTE CON DISGENESIA GONADAL PURA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Ortiz A.

2010-12-01

Full Text Available

Resumen

Objetivo: Reporte de un caso de embarazo exitoso en una paciente con disgenesia gonadal pura.
Diseño de estudio: Informe de caso.
Lugar: Centro de Fertilidad y Reproducción Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá (REPROTEC.
Paciente: Una paciente con disgenesia gonadal 46,XY confi rmada.
Intervención: Gonadectomía por laparoscopia, fertilización in vitro con donación de oocitos, transferencia de embriones en blastocisto (2 y parto por cesárMea.
Resultado principal: Embarazo exitoso y nacido vivo.
Conclusiones: Las pacientes con disgenesia gonadal pura 46,XY; tienen como opción de fertilidad, la donación de ovocitos y transferencia de embriones con adecuadas tasas de embarazos exitosos.

Palabras clave: síndrome de Swyer, disgenesia gonadal pura, fertilización in vitro

SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY IN A PATIENT WITH PURE GONADAL DYSGENESIS

Abstract

Sexual differentiation is a complex process, that begins from conception with determination of genetic sex and from sixth week, gonadal differentiation; any alteration in any of the tracts can cause conditions where there is discordance between phenotype and genotype, that are called alterations in sexual development. Swyers syndrome and the syndrome of androgen insensitivity share the characteristics of a female phenotype with 46, XY karyotype.

Key words: Swyer Syndrome, Pure Gonadal Dysgenesis, in vitro fertilization.

Transcriptome States Reflect Imaging of Aging States.

Science.gov (United States)

Eckley, D Mark; Coletta, Christopher E; Orlov, Nikita V; Wilson, Mark A; Iser, Wendy; Bastian, Paul; Lehrmann, Elin; Zhang, Yonqing; Becker, Kevin G; Goldberg, Ilya G

2018-06-14

In this study, we describe a morphological biomarker that detects multiple discrete subpopulations (or "age-states") at several chronological ages in a population of nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans). We determined the frequencies of three healthy adult states and the timing of the transitions between them across the lifespan. We used short-lived and long-lived strains to confirm the general applicability of the state classifier and to monitor state progression. This exploration revealed healthy and unhealthy states, the former being favored in long-lived strains and the latter showing delayed onset. Short-lived strains rapidly transitioned through the putative healthy state. We previously found that age-matched animals in different age-states have distinct transcriptome profiles. We isolated animals at the beginning and end of each identified state and performed microarray analysis (principal component analysis, relative sample to sample distance measurements, and gene set enrichment analysis). In some comparisons, chronologically identical individuals were farther apart than morphologically identical individuals isolated on different days. The age-state biomarker allowed assessment of aging in a novel manner, complementary to chronological age progression. We found hsp70 and some small heat shock protein genes are expressed later in adulthood, consistent with the proteostasis collapse model.

Competing States in the t-J Model: Uniform d-Wave State versus Stripe State versus Stripe State

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Corboz, P.R.; Rice, T.M.; Troyer, M.

2014-01-01

Variational studies of the t-J model on the square lattice based on infinite projected-entangled pair states confirm an extremely close competition between a uniform d-wave superconducting state and different stripe states. The site-centered stripe with an in-phase d-wave order has an equal or only

The association between state attachment security and state Mindfulness.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christopher A Pepping

Full Text Available Recent research suggests that attachment and mindfulness are related, though the nature of this association is unclear. Here we present two studies examining whether there is a causal relationship between state attachment and state mindfulness. Study 1 investigated the effects of experimentally increasing state mindfulness on state attachment security. State mindfulness was successfully enhanced, but this led to no change in state attachment security. Study 2 investigated the effects of experimentally enhancing state attachment security on state mindfulness. State attachment security was successfully enhanced, but this did not lead to any change in state mindfulness. These findings suggest that there is not a direct, immediate causal relationship between state attachment and state mindfulness as a result of brief experimental manipulations. Future research should examine these associations in longer term interventions.

Teleportations of Mixed States and Multipartite Quantum States

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

YU Chang-Shui; WANG Ya-Hong; SONG He-Shan

2007-01-01

In this paper, we propose a protocol to deterministically teleport an unknown mixed state of qubit by utilizing a maximally bipartite entangled state of qubits as quantum channel. Ifa non-maximally entangled bipartite pure state is employed as quantum channel, the unknown mixed quantum state of qubit can be teleported with 1 - √1 - C2 probability, where C is the concurrence of the quantum channel. The protocol can also be generalized to teleport a mixed state of qudit or a multipartite mixed state. More important purpose is that, on the basis of the protocol, the teleportation of an arbitrary multipartite (pure or mixed) quantum state can be decomposed into the teleportation of each subsystem by employing separate entangled states as quantum channels. In the case of deterministic teleportation,Bob only needs to perform unitary transformations on his single particles in order to recover the initial teleported multipartite quantum state.

Agronomical and phytochemical aspects of fafia Aspectos fitotécnicos e fitoquímicos de acessos de fáfia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gisele F Vilela

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The medicinal species fafia (Hebanthe eriantha, is a product of extractivism in the region of the Paraiba Valley, São Paulo state, Brazil, with endangered genetic variability. This study did an agronomical characterization and an analysis of active compounds of five accessions. This research is a partnership of UNESP-Botucatu Medicinal Plants Laboratory, Paraiba Valley Center (APTA and CPQBA-UNICAMP Agrotechnological Division. A field experiment using completely random blocks with five accessions and seven replications was used. The stem and leaf wet/dry weights, root wet/dry weight, length of the longest stem, foliar area, foam index and pfaffic acid content samples were evaluated. Accession I1800 had root dry weight, stem and leaf dry weight, and foliar area greater than other accessions (176.16 g/plant, 7.301 kg/plant, 155.04 cm² . Pfaffic acid content was similar to other accessions (0.640-0.366 %mm-1 Among all five accessions, there is a positive correlation among the foliar area and stem and leaf dry weight and between the foliar area and root dry weight.A espécie medicinal fáfia (Hebanthe eriantha, é um recurso extrativista da região do Vale do Paraíba, cuja variabilidade genética encontra-se ameaçada. Neste estudo realizou-se a caracterização agronômica e análise de princípio ativo de cinco acessos. Este estudo é uma parceria entre o Laboratório de Plantas Medicinais da UNESP-Botucatu, o Pólo Vale do Paraíba em Pindamonhangaba da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA e a Divisão de Agrotecnologia do Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas Biológicas e Agrícolas (CPQBA da UNICAMP. Foi instalado um ensaio experimental a campo em blocos casualizados com cinco acessos e sete repetições. Foram avaliadas a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, a massa fresca e seca da raiz, o comprimento da maior haste, a área foliar, o índice de espuma e o teor de ácido fáfico das amostras. O acesso I1800

Supersqueezed states from squeezed states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nieto, M.M.

1992-01-01

Using super-Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff relations on the elements of the supergroup OSP(2/2), we derive the supersqueeze operator and the supersqueezed states, which are the supersymmetric generalization of the squeezed states of the harmonic oscillator

Quantum States Transfer by Analogous Bell States

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mei Di; Li Chong; Yang Guohui; Song Heshan

2008-01-01

Transmitting quantum states by channels of analogous Bell states is studied in this paper. We analyze the transmitting process, constructed the probabilitic unitary operator, and gain the largest successful transfer quantum state probability.

Leptospirosis in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: An Ecosystem Approach in the Animal-Human Interface

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, Maria Cristina; Najera, Patricia; Pereira, Martha M.; Machado, Gustavo; dos Anjos, Celso B.; Rodrigues, Rogério O.; Cavagni, Gabriela M.; Muñoz-Zanzi, Claudia; Corbellini, Luis G.; Leone, Mariana; Buss, Daniel F.; Aldighieri, Sylvain; Espinal, Marcos A.

2015-01-01

Background Leptospirosis is an epidemic-prone neglected disease that affects humans and animals, mostly in vulnerable populations. The One Health approach is a recommended strategy to identify drivers of the disease and plan for its prevention and control. In that context, the aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of human cases of leptospirosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and to explore possible drivers. Additionally, it sought to provide further evidence to support interventions and to identify hypotheses for new research at the human-animal-ecosystem interface. Methodology and findings The risk for human infection was described in relation to environmental, socioeconomic, and livestock variables. This ecological study used aggregated data by municipality (all 496). Data were extracted from secondary, publicly available sources. Thematic maps were constructed and univariate analysis performed for all variables. Negative binomial regression was used for multivariable statistical analysis of leptospirosis cases. An annual average of 428 human cases of leptospirosis was reported in the state from 2008 to 2012. The cumulative incidence in rural populations was eight times higher than in urban populations. Variables significantly associated with leptospirosis cases in the final model were: Parana/Paraiba ecoregion (RR: 2.25; CI95%: 2.03–2.49); Neossolo Litolítico soil (RR: 1.93; CI95%: 1.26–2.96); and, to a lesser extent, the production of tobacco (RR: 1.10; CI95%: 1.09–1.11) and rice (RR: 1.003; CI95%: 1.002–1.04). Conclusion Urban cases were concentrated in the capital and rural cases in a specific ecoregion. The major drivers identified in this study were related to environmental and production processes that are permanent features of the state. This study contributes to the basic knowledge on leptospirosis distribution and drivers in the state and encourages a comprehensive approach to address the disease in the animal

State-to-State Mode Specificity: Energy Sequestration and Flow Gated by Transition State.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Bin; Sun, Zhigang; Guo, Hua

2015-12-23

Energy flow and sequestration at the state-to-state level are investigated for a prototypical four-atom reaction, H2 + OH → H + H2O, using a transition-state wave packet (TSWP) method. The product state distribution is found to depend strongly on the reactant vibrational excitation, indicating mode specificity at the state-to-state level. From a local-mode perspective, it is shown that the vibrational excitation of the H2O product derives from two different sources, one attributable to the energy flow along the reaction coordinate into the newly formed OH bond and the other due to the sequestration of the vibrational energy in the OH spectator moiety during the reaction. The analysis provided a unified interpretation of some seemingly contradicting experimental observations. It is further shown that the transfer of vibrational energy from the OH reactant to H2O product is gated by the transition state, accomplished coherently by multiple TSWPs with the corresponding OH vibrational excitation.

La microbiología del suelo en la agricultura sostenible

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronald Ferrera Cerrato

2001-01-01

Full Text Available El suelo, como ente vivo, posee características físicas, químicas y biológicas que definen el grado de fertilidad de ecosistemas y agroecosistemas. Los microorganismos benéficos influyen directamente en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas de un determinado ecosistema o agroecosistema. El manejo de los sistemas agrícolas con un enfoque orgánico y sostenible permite que los microorganismos sean considerados como elementos básicos para lograr la sostenibilidad de los agroecosistemas en pro de las actividades agrícolas y conservación de los recursos naturales y del ambiente.

Creativos, Precarios, y Nuevas Formas de Interculturalidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Néstor García Canclini

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Quiero proponer explorar la fertilidad de un enfoque antropológico queconsiste en mirar como conversaciones los signos de lo que cuesta entender en elmundo contemporáneo. Con ese fin voy a contarles dos investigaciones en las quebuscamos cambiar algunas preguntas habituales sobre los comportamientos de losjóvenes creativos y sobre lo que hacemos hoy en las nuevas formas de leer, en papel y en pantallas. Ambos estudios surgieron del descontento con las fotos y los relatos que nos daban la sociología y la economía acerca de los jóvenes y la lectura.

Chemical properties of soil affected by water and potassium fertilization management in irrigated rice

OpenAIRE

Santos, Alberto B. dos; Fageria, Nand K.; Zimmermann, Francisco J. P.

2002-01-01

O desenvolvimento das culturas nas várzeas é extremamente influenciado pelo manejo destas, devido aos atributos químicos e físico-hídricos que elas possuem. O decréscimo na produtividade, verificado no monocultivo contínuo de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) irrigado, pode estar relacionado à redução na fertilidade do solo, em decorrência da lixiviação de nutrientes. Com o objetivo de se avaliar os efeitos de manejo da água (MA1 - inundação contínua e MA2 - inundação intermitente seguida de contínua) ...

Biocarbón (biochar) I: Naturaleza, historia, fabricación y uso en el suelo

OpenAIRE

Ariadna Escalante Rebolledo; Guadalupe Pérez González; Claudia Hidalgo Moreno; Jorge López Collado; Julio Campo Alves; Esteban Valtierra Pacheco; Jorge D. Etchevers Barra

2016-01-01

Los suelos de México exhiben una fuerte degradación física, química y biológica. Existen tecnologías para contrarrestar la degradación del suelo, ayudar a recuperar su fertilidad y secuestrar carbono, como la aplicación de biocarbón (biochar), que es un subproducto de la pirólisis de biomasa residual. Existen experiencias positivas derivadas de la aplicación de biocarbón al suelo, que generan una mejoría en sus propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, lo que se traduce en un aumento de la ...

O CASAMENTO NA SOCIEDADE COLONIAL LUSO-BRASILEIRA UMA ANÁLISE HISTÓRICO-TEOLÓGICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riolando Azzi

1992-01-01

Full Text Available Nas antigas religiões da cunho rural, a realização do matrimônio e da procriação esteve sempre vinculada à proteção divina. Aos deuses eram atribuídas tanto a fertilidade da terra como a procriação animal e humana. Também a cultura greco-romana continuou enfatizando a importância da intercessão dos deuses para uma plena realização da vida matrimonial e sexual. Marcado por forte tendência espiritualista, o cristianismo primitivo e medieval procurou pôr diques a essa tendência considerada exorbitante.

EFFECT OF THREE PROTOCOLS OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS IN THE RATE OF PREGNANCY OF TWO RACIAL GROUPS OF LACTATING COWS IN PUERTO INCA DISTRICT

OpenAIRE

Ramirez RJ; Alvarado CE; Juárez JD

2015-01-01

Las bajas tasas de preñez en vacas cruzadas en el trópico húmedo, ha dificultado la implementación de los programas de inseminación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de tres protocolos de inseminación a tiempo fijo utilizando implante de progesterona y combinaciones, en la fertilidad de dos grupos raciales de bovinos. Se utilizaron vacas post parto (60 a 80 días) de 4 a 6 años edad y condición corporal 3 a 3.5, que pertenecían a dos grupos raciales; B. indicus (n=30) ...

Reguladores de crescimento vegetal na concentração de macronutrientes em videira Itália.

OpenAIRE

ALBUQUERQUE, T. C. S. de; MOUCO, M. A. do C.; ALBUQUERQUE NETO, A. A. de.

2008-01-01

Em clima tropical semi-árido, o uso de reguladores vegetais em fruteiras permite o manejo do crescimento vegetativo, tão necessário ao escalonamento da produção e ao aumento da fertilidade das gemas. Estas substâncias influenciam vários fenômenos fisiológicos relacionados com a absorção mineral, como a condutância de membrana e utilização metabólica de íons. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento vegetativo, produção de matéria seca dos ramos, concentração e quantidade acumulada ...

Inestabilidad cariológica durante la formación de células madres del polen en Aloe vera (Aloaceae)

OpenAIRE

José Imery-Buiza

2007-01-01

Con el objetivo de esclarecer la posible existencia de anomalías citogenéticas que aminoren la fertilidad del polen de Aloe vera, se analizó la etapa de proliferación celular que lleva a la formación de células madres del polen (CMPs). Se recolectaron botones florales (BF) en 25 plantas de una población ubicada a 10°34’15’’ N, 64°12’08’’ W, los cuales fueron fijados en Carnoy I por 24 h y almacenados en etanol (70 % v/v). Las observaciones se realizaron en preparaciones temporales obtenidas p...

Gluteoplastia de aumento: experiência do Serviço de Cirurgia Plástica Dr. Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza Pinto

OpenAIRE

Azevedo, Daniel Melo de; Gonçalves Junior, Paulo; Pereira, Juliano; Amoedo, Tiago Boulhosa; Kuroyanagi, Fábio Massaru; Cotes, Emmanuel Francis Mallol; Pinto, Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza; Saldanha, Osvaldo Ribeiro

2012-01-01

INTRODUÇÃO: As nádegas são constituídas por músculos responsáveis pelos movimentos das pernas, assumindo o músculo glúteo máximo o volume principal. Possuem uma função secundária, de cunho sexual, como zona erógena, símbolo de fertilidade, cujo poder de atração é um forte apelo usado pela publicidade de artigos de consumo masculino. Mulheres com maior volume de nádegas despertam maior atração e desejo sexual, o que tem levado ao aumento da procura pela gluteoplastia de aumento com utilização ...

Noisy teleportation of qubit states via the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state or the W state

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yan-Ling, Li; Mao-Fa, Fang; Xing, Xiao; Chao, Wu; Li-Zhen, Hou

2010-01-01

The effects of distributing entanglement through the amplitude damping channel or the phase damping channel on the teleportation of a single-qubit state via the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state and the W state are discussed. It is found that the average fidelity of teleportation depends on the type and rate of the damping in the channel. For the one-qubit affected case, the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state is as robust as the W state, i.e., the same quantum information is preserved through teleportation. For the two-qubit affected case, the W state is more robust when the entanglement is distributed via the amplitude damping channel; if the entanglement is distributed via the phase damping channel, the W state is more robust when the noisy parameter is small while the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state becomes more robust when it is large. For the three-qubit affected case, the Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state is more robust than the W state. (general)

State nuclear initiatives in the United States

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Strauss, P.L.; Stoiber, C.R.

1977-01-01

The paper deals with State nuclear initiatives regarding the role of nuclear power in the energy future of the United States. The question of whether and under what circumstances nuclear facilities should be used to generate electricity was put to the popular vote in several States in 1976. Some general principles of Federal-State relations are discussed with specific reference to nuclear regulations. The initiative mechanism itself is described as well as its legal form and background. The parallel developments in the State and Federal legislative consideration of nuclear issues is reviewed and the suggested reasons for the defeat of the proposals in the seven States concerned are discussed. Finally, the author draws some conclusions on the effects of the 1976 initiatives on future decision-making in the US on energy policy in general and nuclear power in particular. (NEA) [fr

Parameter and State Estimator for State Space Models

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ruifeng Ding

2014-01-01

Full Text Available This paper proposes a parameter and state estimator for canonical state space systems from measured input-output data. The key is to solve the system state from the state equation and to substitute it into the output equation, eliminating the state variables, and the resulting equation contains only the system inputs and outputs, and to derive a least squares parameter identification algorithm. Furthermore, the system states are computed from the estimated parameters and the input-output data. Convergence analysis using the martingale convergence theorem indicates that the parameter estimates converge to their true values. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to show that the proposed algorithm is effective.

Effects of medical therapy, alcohol, smoking, and endocrine disruptors on male infertility Efeitos da terapia medicamentosa, àlcool, cigarros e substância deletérias para o sistema endócrino na infertilidade masculina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fábio Firmbach Pasqualotto

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Infertility affects up to 15% of the sexually active population, and in 50% of cases, a male factor is involved, either as a primary problem or in combination with a problem in the female partner. Because many commonly encountered drugs and medications can have a detrimental effect on male fertility, the medical evaluation should include a discussion regarding the use of recreational and illicit drugs, medications, and other substances that may impair fertility. With the knowledge of which drugs and medications may be detrimental to fertility, it may be possible to modify medication regimens or convince a patient to modify habits to decrease adverse effects on fertility and improve the chances of achieving a successful pregnancy. Concern is growing that male sexual development and reproduction have changed for the worse over the past 30 to 50 years. Although some reports find no changes, others suggest that sperm counts appear to be decreasing and that the incidence of developmental abnormalities such as hypospadias and cryptorchidism appears to be increasing, as is the incidence of testicular cancer. These concerns center around the possibility that our environment is contaminated with chemicals - both natural and synthetic - that can interact with the endocrine system.A infertilidade afeta até 15% da população sexualmente ativa e em 50% dos casos, o fator masculino está envolvido, como problema primário ou em combinação com causas de origem feminina. Como muitas drogas comumente encontradas e medicações podem ter efeitos deletérios na infertilidade masculina, a avaliação médica deve incluir uma discussão sobre o uso de drogas recreacionais e ilícitas, medicamentos e outras substâncias podem prejudicar a fertilidade. Com o conhecimento de quais drogas e medicamentos podem ser prejudiciais à fertilidade talvez seja possível mudar os hábitos ou a posologia das medicações para diminuir os efeitos adversos na fertilidade e

31 CFR 515.321 - United States; continental United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false United States; continental United... General Definitions § 515.321 United States; continental United States. The term United States means the United States and all areas under the jurisdiction or authority thereof, including the Trust Territory of...

31 CFR 500.321 - United States; continental United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false United States; continental United... General Definitions § 500.321 United States; continental United States. The term United States means the United States and all areas under the jurisdiction or authority thereof, including U.S. trust territories...

31 CFR 535.321 - United States; continental United States.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false United States; continental United... General Definitions § 535.321 United States; continental United States. The term United States means the United States and all areas under the jurisdiction or authority thereof including the Trust Territory of...

Decantation time of evaluation on bentonite clays fractionation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gomes, J.; Menezes, R.R.; Neves, G.A.; Lira, H.L; Santana, L.N.L.

2009-01-01

Bentonite clays present a great number of industrial uses, from petroleum to pharmaceutics and cosmetic industry. The bentonite clay present particles with very fine particles that is responsible by the vast application of these materials. However, commercial clays present wide particle size distribution and a significant content of impurities, particularly quartz, in the form of silt and fine silt. So, the aim of this work is to analyze the effect of the stirring and decantation time in the deagglomeration, purification and size separation of the bentonite clay particles from Paraiba. The clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution. Based on the results it was observed the decantation time give the elimination of the agglomerates formed by submicrometric particles. The uses of decantation column give separation of the fraction below 200nm. (author)

Software development to support decision making in the selection of nursing diagnoses and interventions for children and adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Kenya de Lima; Évora, Yolanda Dora Martinez; Cintra, Camila Santana Justo

2015-01-01

to report the development of a software to support decision-making for the selection of nursing diagnoses and interventions for children and adolescents, based on the nomenclature of nursing diagnoses, outcomes and interventions of a university hospital in Paraiba. a methodological applied study based on software engineering, as proposed by Pressman, developed in three cycles, namely: flow chart construction, development of the navigation interface, and construction of functional expressions and programming development. the software consists of administrative and nursing process screens. The assessment is automatically selected according to age group, the nursing diagnoses are suggested by the system after information is inserted, and can be indicated by the nurse. The interventions for the chosen diagnosis are selected by structuring the care plan. the development of this tool used to document the nursing actions will contribute to decision-making and quality of care.

Decantation time of evaluation on bentonite clays fractionation; Avaliacao do tempo de decantacao no fracionamento de argilas bentonitas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gomes, J; Menezes, R R; Neves, G A; Lira, H L; Santana, L N.L., [Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), PB (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais

2009-07-01

Bentonite clays present a great number of industrial uses, from petroleum to pharmaceutics and cosmetic industry. The bentonite clay present particles with very fine particles that is responsible by the vast application of these materials. However, commercial clays present wide particle size distribution and a significant content of impurities, particularly quartz, in the form of silt and fine silt. So, the aim of this work is to analyze the effect of the stirring and decantation time in the deagglomeration, purification and size separation of the bentonite clay particles from Paraiba. The clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution. Based on the results it was observed the decantation time give the elimination of the agglomerates formed by submicrometric particles. The uses of decantation column give separation of the fraction below 200nm. (author)

Using of sawing quartzite fine residual for obtaining ceramic coating

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nobrega, L.F.P.M.; Souza, M.M.

2016-01-01

Quartzite is a metamorphic rock that is consisting mainly of quartz. In Paraiba there is a mining activity of this rock, in the region of Varzea and Junco do Serido especially where many wastes are created, including the sawing residue. The objective is to use the waste cited as the ceramic component coating mass, thereby replacing the quartz. Initially, the raw materials samples were taken and the chemical analysis was done of them. This passed the comminution process to achieve the required minimum particle size. After this, a formulation which added the residue in ceramic mass was made. The specimens were subjected to sintering and it was later made physical tests according to NBR 13818. The results show that the residue can replace the quartz ceramic mass successfully, but not as good as the original raw material. (author)

Using of sawing quartzite fine residual for obtaining ceramic coating; Utilizacao do residuo fino da serragem de quartzito para obtencao de revestimento ceramico

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nobrega, L.F.P.M.; Souza, M.M., E-mail: junior.luiz09@hotmail.com [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (DIAREN/UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil). Laboratorio de Processamento Mineral e Residuo

2016-07-01

Quartzite is a metamorphic rock that is consisting mainly of quartz. In Paraiba there is a mining activity of this rock, in the region of Varzea and Junco do Serido especially where many wastes are created, including the sawing residue. The objective is to use the waste cited as the ceramic component coating mass, thereby replacing the quartz. Initially, the raw materials samples were taken and the chemical analysis was done of them. This passed the comminution process to achieve the required minimum particle size. After this, a formulation which added the residue in ceramic mass was made. The specimens were subjected to sintering and it was later made physical tests according to NBR 13818. The results show that the residue can replace the quartz ceramic mass successfully, but not as good as the original raw material. (author)

The importance of hydrorefining in the Brazilian refining scheme; Importancia do hidrorefino no parque de refino brasileiro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perisse, Juarez Barbosa; Oddone, Maria Regina Rezende [PETROBRAS S.A., Rio de de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The first PETROBRAS hydroprocessing units were installed at Paraiba Vale (REVAP) and Gabriel Passos (REGAP) refineries in the eighties. The main purpose of these units was to remove contaminants as sulphur, from petroleum products such as diesel and gasoline. At this time, Brazil used to import almost all the petroleum processed. Moreover, since the diesel and gasoline specifications were not as stringent as nowadays, all products could be directly commercialized from the distillation unit without requiring any other treatment. As the environmental awareness increases products quality restrictions evolve, beginning with sulphur content and then achieving other properties like density, boiling range etc. This paper presents the evolution of petroleum products quality in Brazil and the effort made by PETROBRAS through the implementation of hydroprocessing units in order to cope with the new stringent products quality. (author)

Rapanos v. United States & Carabell v. United States

Science.gov (United States)

Documents associated with guidance for implementing the definition of waters of the United States under the Clean Water Act following the Rapanos v. United States, and Carabell v. United States Supreme Court decision.

Quantum Teleportation of Tripartite Arbitrary State via W State

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

XUE Zheng-Yuan; YI You-Min; CAO Zhuo-Liang

2005-01-01

A scheme of teleportation of a tripartite state via W state is suggested. The W state serves as quantum channels. Standard Bell-state measurements and Von Neumann measurements are performed. After the sender operates the measurements and informs the receiver her results, he can reconstruct the original state by the corresponding unitary transformation. The probability of the successful teleportation is also obtained.

Overlaps of partial Néel states and Bethe states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foda, O; Zarembo, K

2016-01-01

Partial Néel states are generalizations of the ordinary Néel (classical anti-ferromagnet) state that can have arbitrary integer spin. We study overlaps of these states with Bethe states. We first identify this overlap with a partial version of reflecting-boundary domain-wall partition function, and then derive various determinant representations for off-shell and on-shell Bethe states. (paper: quantum statistical physics, condensed matter, integrable systems)

TRATAMENTOS TÉRMICO E QUÍMICO EM SEMENTES DE MULUNGU E EFEITOS SOBRE A QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA E FISIOLÓGICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mônica Danielly de Mello Oliveira

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Erythrina velutina Willd. is a Fabaceae, popularly known as mulungu. Of the several species spread around the world about twelve are found in Brazil. Mainly in the Brazilian northeast the bark is used due to its sudorific, sedative and topical anesthetic properties. The presence of fungi in seed germination can reduce, causing the death of seedlings or transmit diseases to adult plants. The work has as objetive to test the thermotherapy and chemical treatment in the control of fungi associated with the mulungu seeds of three districts in the state of Paraiba. The sanity was carried by "Blotter test" and physiological quality of seeds was evaluated by germination, first germination counting and drymass. The heat treatment used was hot water at 60°C for 5, 10 and 20 minutes. The chemical treatment was done with the fungicide Captan® TS. It was used by treatment 100 seeds, which were incubated forseven days, the temperature of 22 ± 2 ° C and photoperiod of 12 hours. The qualitative and quantitative evaluate of the fungi associated with seed was done with the help of stereomicroscope and expressed as a percentage. In the samples examined, it was the incidence of fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium spp., Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., Fusarium sp and Botritis sp. The results show that the heat and chemical treatments reduced significantly the germination and first count of the locations studied.

CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOGENIC, INTERMEDIATE AND PHYSICOGENIC SOIL AGGREGATES OF AREAS IN THE BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST

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JÚLIO CÉSAR FEITOSA FERNANDES

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Aggregate formation and stability are related to soil quality, contributing significantly to the carbon storage and nutrient maintenance capacities of the soil. Soil aggregates are formed by two different process: physicogenic, related to moistening and drying cycles and input of organic matter; and biogenic, related to the action of macrofauna organisms and roots. The objective this work was to classify aggregates according to their formation process, quantify and compare organic carbon contents in humic substances and assess the stability of aggregates formed by different processes, in areas with different coverage in the Mid Paraiba Valley, Pinheiral, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Aggregated soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-10 cm, in a Cambisol (Cambissolo Háplico Tb Distrófico under four plant covers: secondary forest in advanced (SFAS, medium (SFMS and initial (SFIS successional stages and managed mixed pasture (MMP. Aggregates were classified and identified into three morphological classes (physicogenic, biogenic and intermediate. The variables evaluated were mean weight diameter (MWD and geometric mean diameter (GMD of aggregates, chemical fractions of organic matter, total organic carbon (TOC and humic substances: humin (C-HUM humic acid (C-FAH and fulvic acid (C-FAF. Biogenic aggregates were found in smaller quantities and showed higher TOC, C-HUM and C-FAH, compared to intermediate and physicogenic aggregates. Thus, biogenic aggregates have potential to be used as soil quality indicators for structured environments, which are able to maintain its intrinsic formation processes.

Respuesta del garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L. a la inoculación con Azotobacter vineladii y Burkholderia cepacia a dosis reducida de fertilizante nitrogenado

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Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available ResumenEl cultivo de garbanzo “Cicer arietinumL.” demanda fertilizante nitrogenado (FN, que aplicado en excesoprovoca pérdida de fertilidad del suelo y contaminación ambiental. Una alternativa para este problema es lareducción y optimización de la dosis de FN, con inoculantes a base de bacteriaspromotoras de crecimientovegetal (BPCV.Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la respuesta del garbanzo a la inoculación conAzotobactervinelandiiyBurkholderiacepaciaa la dosis 50% del FN. Para ello se utilizó un diseñoexperimental de bloques al azar. Con nitrato de amonio (NO3NH4 como FN a las dosis 100% (10g/L y 50 %(5g/L para el garbanzo inoculado con las BPCV; con las variables/respuesta en su semilla: por ciento (% degerminación; luego su fenotípia y biomasa aérea y radical, los datos experimentales se analizaron por ANOVAy Tukey. Los resultados indicaron una respuesta positiva de la semilla de garbanzo a la doble inoculación conambas BPCV, al igual que aplántula y floración, donde el garbanzo alcanzo un peso seco total (PST de 0,82g, valor estadísticamente diferente y significativo, comparado con los 0,71g de PST del garbanzo sin inocularcon el FN al 100% o control relativo (CR. Lo anterior sugiereuna respuesta positiva del garbanzo queoptimizó la dosis 50% del FN, por una acción sinérgica de los dos géneros de BPCV en sus raíces, lo quepodría evitar en parte la perdida de fertilidad del suelo y la contaminación ambiental, por la aplicación enexceso del FN.

Response of micropropagated sugarcane varieties to inoculation with endophytic diazotrophic bacteria Resposta da inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas em duas variedades micropropagadas de cana-de-açúcar

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André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira

2003-11-01

Full Text Available Previous studies estimated that sugarcane could obtain up to 60% of total nitrogen accumulated from BNF. Here a mixture of five endophytic diazotrophic strains was tested in a field trial, inoculated in two micropropagated sugarcane varieties and three locals, to determine the effects on commercial crop conditions. The sugarcane plantlets were inoculated in vitro, and after 17 months of growing in the field, the productivity and BNF contribution showed to be influenced by the plant genotype and soil type. The highest BNF contributions was observed in the poorest soil for both varieties. Smaller increases in productivity were observed for SP 701143 variety grown in soil with low or medium fertility. In contrast, a decrease in the stem productivity was observed in the SP 813250 variety grown in the three localities.Experimentos anteriores estimaram que a cana-de-açúcar pode obter até 60% do N acumulado via fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN. Neste trabalho, os efeitos da inoculação da mistura de cinco espécies de bactérias diazotróficas endofíticas foram testados em duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar micropropagadas, sob condições de campo. Após 17 meses de crescimento, a produtividade e a FBN apresentaram influência do genótipo vegetal e da localidade de cultivo. As maiores contribuições via FBN foram observadas no solo de menor fertilidade, para ambas variedades de cana-de-açúcar. Pequenos aumentos de produtividade foram observados para a variedade SP 701143 nos solos de baixa e média fertilidade. Por outro lado, a inoculação na variedade SP 813250 apresentou decréscimo de produtividade nos três tipos de solo testados.

Componentes Reprodutivos e Produtivos no Rebanho de Corte da Embrapa Cerrados

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McManus Concepta

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os diversos fatores que influenciam o intervalo de partos (IEP, a fertilidade real (FR, razão do peso do bezerro ao nascer (RPN ou desmame (RPD em relação ao peso da vaca ao parto, no rebanho de gado mestiço da Embrapa Cerrados. Foram analisados dados de 4469 parições, coletados no período entre 1976 e 1999, usando os procedimentos GLM, CORR e PRINCOMP do SAS. As características incluíram as relações peso ao nascimento do bezerro/peso da vaca no parto (RPN, peso ao desmame do bezerro/ peso da vaca no parto (RPD e a fertilidade real (FR, bem como a condição corporal (CC e os pesos dos animais. A CC da vaca no parto (CCVP não afetou a mortalidade, o peso ao nascer dos bezerros, ou o IEP. A FR elevou-se com o aumento da CCVP, seguindo a tendência oposta que o IEP. Verificaram-se menor IEP e maior FR com maiores valores de CC da vaca ao desmame (CCVD. O grupo genético do pai não influenciou nenhuma das características analisadas, enquanto o grupo da mãe foi significativo para todas as características estudadas. Somente o ano do nascimento influenciou a mortalidade dos bezerros. O ambiente (mês, ano e número do parto da mãe e a genética (sexo influenciaram significativamente os pesos ao nascer e ao desmame. As correlações entre as características estudadas foram, em geral, baixas e, às vezes, negativas para RPN e RPD, enquanto com FR foram mais altas. Os dois primeiros componentes explicam 56% da variação total entre as características examinadas.

Zonas de manejo em função de propriedades de solo, relevo e produtividade da lavoura cafeeira

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Bruno Manoel Rezende de Melo

2017-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo foi determinar zonas de manejo correlacionando produtividade, altitude, parâmetros de textura e fertilidade de solo em propriedades cafeeiras do sul de Minas Gerais. O experimento foi realizado em Inconfidentes (MG, em uma lavoura de café da cultivar Rubi com 0,849 ha-1, no espaçamento 2,2 m x 1,3m, em dezembro de 2011, em Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico. O local está situado a 957 metros de altitude com parte da lavoura situada no topo de morro e a outra parte em meia encosta, apresentando declividade máxima entre os pontos de maior e menor altitude de 37 %. O local para a coleta de solo está situado em cada ponto georreferenciado com um receptor GPS, para a zona 23k no sistema de referências SIRGAS 2000. Posteriormente foram analisados os parâmetros químicos, físicos, altitude e declividade da área. Para verificar a dependência espacial dos fatores em estudo, utilizou-se da geoestatística. Na presença de dependência espacial foram confeccionados os mapas de gradiente. Os resultados demonstram que não foi possível encontrar dependência espacial para o fósforo. Para as variáveis matéria orgânica, potássio, saturação de bases, pH e declividade, foi possível identificar zonas de manejo em função da correlação significativa com a altitude. A produtividade nos dois anos apresentou variabilidade espacial e temporal. Conclui-se, desta forma, que zonas de manejo podem ser identificadas correlacionando altitude com parâmetros de fertilidade. Para a produtividade e textura nos dois anos de estudos, não foram observadas zonas de manejo.

State cigarette minimum price laws - United States, 2009.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-09

Cigarette price increases reduce the demand for cigarettes and thereby reduce smoking prevalence, cigarette consumption, and youth initiation of smoking. Excise tax increases are the most effective government intervention to increase the price of cigarettes, but cigarette manufacturers use trade discounts, coupons, and other promotions to counteract the effects of these tax increases and appeal to price-sensitive smokers. State cigarette minimum price laws, initiated by states in the 1940s and 1950s to protect tobacco retailers from predatory business practices, typically require a minimum percentage markup to be added to the wholesale and/or retail price. If a statute prohibits trade discounts from the minimum price calculation, these laws have the potential to counteract discounting by cigarette manufacturers. To assess the status of cigarette minimum price laws in the United States, CDC surveyed state statutes and identified those states with minimum price laws in effect as of December 31, 2009. This report summarizes the results of that survey, which determined that 25 states had minimum price laws for cigarettes (median wholesale markup: 4.00%; median retail markup: 8.00%), and seven of those states also expressly prohibited the use of trade discounts in the minimum retail price calculation. Minimum price laws can help prevent trade discounting from eroding the positive effects of state excise tax increases and higher cigarette prices on public health.

Functional State Modelling of Cultivation Processes: Dissolved Oxygen Limitation State

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Olympia Roeva

2015-04-01

Full Text Available A new functional state, namely dissolved oxygen limitation state for both bacteria Escherichia coli and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae fed-batch cultivation processes is presented in this study. Functional state modelling approach is applied to cultivation processes in order to overcome the main disadvantages of using global process model, namely complex model structure and a big number of model parameters. Alongwith the newly introduced dissolved oxygen limitation state, second acetate production state and first acetate production state are recognized during the fed-batch cultivation of E. coli, while mixed oxidative state and first ethanol production state are recognized during the fed-batch cultivation of S. cerevisiae. For all mentioned above functional states both structural and parameter identification is here performed based on experimental data of E. coli and S. cerevisiae fed-batch cultivations.

Inter-state coupling and definitions of bright and dark states

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mensik, Miroslav; Nespurek, Stanislav

2007-01-01

Contrary to a standard definition of diabatic states (i.e., those without momentum-dependent coupling), based on the construction from adiabatic ones, we defined diabatic states as bright and dark states of a given experiment. Namely, they are defined as states providing maximum, respectively, zero value of electronic transition dipole moments projected to a given polarization vector. Second, the state from (or to) which the optical transition is performed is not from the space of investigated electronic excited state manifold, but it is chosen by the observer. It is shown, for this case, that the inter-state coupling is a general function of vibrational coordinates. The explicit dependence of the inter-state coupling on vibrational coordinates is particularly important for system with strong Stokes shift. The role of exact definitions of bright and dark states as well as the inter-state coupling is discussed with respect to the coherent structure of electronic population observed in optical spectroscopy

Mujer, fertilidad y economía: cincuenta años de investigación

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Karina Acevedo González

2010-12-01

Full Text Available This paper provides a systematic review of the scientific literature on fertility and its relationship with economics. We explore theoretical and empirical frameworks developed in the last fifty years, emphasizing on the classical (Becker, Easterling and unorthodox approaches (Bongaarts, Iannaccone, Lehrer. This literature review focused on journals of economics, sociology and demography indexed in the Journal Storage database (JSTOR, Elsevier’s research database (ScienceDirect, Elton B. Stephens Company research database (EBSCOhost and Cambridge Information Group’s research database (Proquest. This review suggests that research of household behavior regarding decisions to participate in the labor market and fertility is a vast field of convergence of various multidisciplinary analytical attempts. Accordingly, economics has focused on this field through a multidisciplinary approach.

Receptores de estrógenos (ER E ER) e proteínas envolvidas no transporte transepitelial de cálcio na litíase epididimária de galos domésticos

OpenAIRE

Andre Gustavo de Oliveira

2012-01-01

A litíase epididimária é uma anomalia caracterizada pela presença de cálculos ricos em cálcio na região epididimária de galos. Esta disfunção causa redução na fertilidade, tendo impacto negativo na avicultura. A causa da litíase não é conhecida, mas sabe-se que a formação de cálculos acomete principalmente os dúctulos eferentes, responsáveis pela reabsorção do fluido testicular e de cálcio. O transporte transepitelial de cálcio ocorre em etapas distintas que envolvem a entrada de cálcio na cé...

Hor cha'an: la serpiente mítica ch'orti' en el arte rupestre de Chiquimula, Guatemala

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Carlos Alberto Batres Alfaro

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El grupo ch'orti' ha quedado aislado del resto de comunidades mayas de Guatemala, lo que indica que la tradición oral recibió poca influencia externa. Desde la cosmovisión ch'orti' , el paisaje se relaciona con movimientos de serpientes míticas que habitan el subsuelo y fuentes de agua. Una serpiente mayor, Hor chan, es considerada provedora de la lluvia y la fecundidad. Las fuentes etnohistóricas del Posclásico, el análisis simbólico y lingüístico y la etnografía ayudan a sustentar la creencia en una deidad-serpiente que mantiene la continuidad de la vida y la fertilidad de la tierra.