Development of parietal bone surrogates for parietal graft lift training

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hollensteiner Marianne

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Currently the surgical training of parietal bone graft techniques is performed on patients or specimens. Commercially available bone models do not deliver realistic haptic feedback. Thus customized parietal skull surrogates were developed for surgical training purposes. Two human parietal bones were used as reference. Based on the measurement of insertion forces of drilling, milling and saw procedures suitable material compositions for molding cortical and cancellous calvarial layers were found. Artificial skull caps were manufactured and tested. Additionally microtomograpy images of human and artificial parietal bones were performed to analyze outer table and diploe thicknesses. Significant differences between human and artificial skulls were not detected with the mechanical procedures tested. Highly significant differences were found for the diploe thickness values. In conclusion, an artificial bone has been created, mimicking the properties of human parietal bone thus being suitable for tabula externa graft lift training.

Parâmetros de planta para aprimorar o manejo da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura em milho

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Rambo Lisandro

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O milho é uma das culturas mais exigentes em fertilizantes nitrogenados os quais proporcionam os maiores acréscimos no rendimento de grãos. Para manter a planta bem nutrida, há necessidade de estimar corretamente a quantidade de nitrogênio (N que deve ser aplicada no solo, com intuito de satisfazer as suas necessidades durante todo o ciclo. No Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, o teor de matéria orgânica, a expectativa de rendimento de grãos e a contribuição da cultura antecedente como fonte de N são os parâmetros que têm servido como critério para recomendação de adubação nitrogenada no milho. No entanto, considerando a complexidade da dinâmica do N no solo, e todas as modificações que ocorrem durante a ontogenia desta cultura, outros parâmetros podem ser úteis para auxiliar na decisão sobre o manejo da adubação nitrogenada em cobertura. Vários parâmetros de planta têm sido estudados como indicadores do nível de N no tecido. Dentre estes, destacam-se o teor de nitrato no colmo, o teor e o acúmulo de N na folha e/ou planta e o teor relativo de clorofila na folha. A estimativa do teor de clorofila na folha pelo clorofilômetro tem sido bastante estudada nos últimos anos, em função da sua rapidez, precisão e baixo custo. Esta revisão visa abordar parâmetros de planta que podem ser utilizados como indicadores do nível de N na planta para predizer a necessidade de adubação nitrogenada em cobertura na cultura do milho, objetivando aumentar a eficiência de uso do nutriente e reduzir o impacto ambiental do N aplicado.

Freno de corrientes parásitas para ensayo de motores eléctricos

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Omar D. Gallo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo trata distintos aspectos referidos al diseño, construcción y puesta en marcha de un freno dinamométrico de corrientes parásitas, destinado al ensayo de motores eléctricos. La introducción aborda los antecedentes y las experiencias previas con máquinas similares, además de precisiones constructivas sobre el freno y su fuente de alimentación. La sección de ensayos describe los valores de temperaturas de bobinas y discos y las pruebas bajo estados de carga. Los parámetros tales como fuerzas magnetomotrices, corrientes en discos, momentos y pérdidas, se calculan en la sección referida a valores de funcionamiento. Finalmente, en las conclusiones, se abordan las ventajas y desventajas de este tipo constructivo, y las mejoras que deberían realizarse para mejorar el desempeño de la máquina.

Krigagem e inverso do quadrado da distância para interpolação dos parâmetros da equação de chuvas intensas

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Mello C. R.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Em projetos de obras hidráulicas, é necessária a estimativa da chuva intensa adequada à realidade técnico-financeira dos projetos, para posterior cálculo de vazões máximas. O uso da equação de chuvas intensas é a forma mais usual para estimativa da chuva de projeto. No entanto, há dificuldade em obtê-la para locais desprovidos de dados pluviométricos, o que pode ser superado mediante técnicas computacionais para a espacialização dos seus parâmetros. Para isto, pode-se trabalhar com procedimentos estatísticos para interpolação dos parâmetros com base em estações meteorológicas vizinhas ao local. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, comparar os dois procedimentos estatísticos mais exatos, conforme já constatado em outras aplicações físicas, que são a krigagem (interpolador geoestatístico e o inverso do quadrado da distância, para interpolação dos parâmetros da equação de chuvas intensas. Utilizaram-se 140 estações meteorológicas do estado de São Paulo, as quais dispõem da respectiva equação de chuvas intensas estimada com base em dados pluviométricos, consideradas como ideais. Destas, 126 foram utilizadas para estudo da dependência espacial dos parâmetros e 14 para comparação de erros nas estimativas da chuva intensa. Constatou-se que ambos os métodos apresentaram boa precisão, mas a krigagem produziu menores erros médios para 11 estações, verificando-se melhorias consideráveis em especial para tempos de retorno e tempos de duração da precipitação usuais em projetos em pequenas bacias hidrográficas, podendo-se sugerir este método como o mais adequado.

Construyendo infraestructuras para la movilidad: 
el caso del sistema de bicicletas en libre servicio de París

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martín Tironi

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Ciudad sustentable, nuevas tecnologías, movilidad. Estas, entre otras, son las referencias que se suelen utilizar para designar el fenómeno de globalización de los sistemas de bicicletas en libre servicio (BLS Valorados por su carácter amigable con el planeta, estos sistemas son hoy un must para las ciudades que desean inscribirse en la llamada “cultura verde”. Tomando como referencia el programa Vélib’ (París, me propongo problematizar nociones como ‘ciudad sustentable’ y ‘movilidad’, y describir el trabajo colectivo y siempre controversial necesario para elaborar y estabilizar una infraestructura como la de dicho programa. Busco describir los instrumentos, estrategias y desplazamientos (políticos, urbanos y técnicos utilizados para la concepción del sistema de usuarios de BLS más extenso del mundo. En la primera parte del texto, de carácter ensayístico, describo cómo para cierta literatura el fenómeno de las bicicletas públicas es signo del renacer de las prácticas urbanas en las grandes metrópolis. A continuación, y con base en material empírico proveniente del estudio de caso del sistema BLS de París, analizo dos controversias que permiten situar, desde un enfoque pragmático, el estudio de estas infraestructuras de movilidad.

Parámetros para una herramienta de Gestión de Conocimiento de Informática

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Antonio Sánchez Ramírez

2010-05-01

Full Text Available Para que la información en acción genere productividad en las empresas debe ser un elemento diferenciador. Para lograrlo requiere de una aplicación sistemática y organizada que facilite un ambiente colaborativo en el que varios participantes conduzcan deliberaciones encaminadas hacia las decisiones del conocimiento en su contexto dentro del ambiente de trabajo, al relacionar los artefactos con los procesos de conocimiento que lo generan y modifican, por medio de la aplicación de parámetros que influyen en las herramientas TIC que ayudan en la toma de decisiones de la Gestión del Conocimiento.

Regular cellular distribution of plasmids by oscillating and filament-forming ParA ATPase of plasmid pB171

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ebersbach, Gitte; Ringgaard, Simon; Møller-Jensen, Jakob

2006-01-01

with each other in a bacterial two-hybrid assay but do not interact with FtsZ, eight other essential cell division proteins or MreB actin. Based on these observations, we propose a simple model for how oscillating ParA filaments can mediate regular cellular distribution of plasmids. The model functions...

El coeficiente de Hurst y el parámetro a-estable para el análisis de series financieras. Aplicación al mercado cambiario mexicano

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Román Rodríguez Aguilar

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo aborda la utilidad de estimar, previo a cualquier análisis, el parámetro de la distribución -estable y el coe - ficiente de Hurst para una serie financiera en periodos de alta volatilidad. Mediante la estimación del coeficiente de Hurst y el parámetro se busca explorar la violación de dos grandes supuestos en la modelación de series financieras: suponer que las series presentan una distribución normal y que los rendi - mientos sucesivos son independientes; asimismo, se analiza el caso del tipo de cambio Fix peso-dólar en México en el perio - do 1992-2011. Uno de los principales resultados es la identi - ficación de características fractales y colas pesadas en la serie para algunos periodos en magnitudes diferenciadas; dichas diferencias se acentúan en periodos de crisis. Caracterizar la serie mediante estos parámetros a través de un índice permitirá mejorar la toma de decisiones sobre el tipo de análisis que es metodológicamente correcto aplicar en una ventana de tiempo específica, ya sea para valuación de activos o para la gestión de riesgos.

Levantamento fitogeográfico de Dalbergia L.f. (Leguminosae-papilionoideae com potencial produtivo para própolis vermelha no Estado do Pará

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Raquel Leão Santos

2017-07-01

Full Text Available O gênero Dalbergia L.f. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, de distribuição pantropical, compreende cerca de 250 espécies.  Dalbergia spp tem sido amplamente explorada para produção de própolis vermelha, que consiste em uma mistura complexa feita pelas abelhas a partir do material resinoso encontrado no tecido meristemático em várias plantas deste gênero. Este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar levantamento da ocorrência da flora apícola produtora de exsudato vermelho que pode ser utilizada pelas abelhas africanizadas para produção da própolis vermelha no estado do Pará. Realizou-se o levantamento em diversos herbários que possuíam espécies de Dalbergia L.f. produtoras de exsudato vermelho no estado do Pará, juntamente com a sua distribuição. Para tanto, foram averiguadas literaturas específicas de morfologia e taxonomia que envolviam espécies de Dalbergia produtoras de exsudato vermelho localizadas no Pará. A coleta de dados foi obtida a partir da plataforma online SpeciesLink; e do acervo do Herbário IAN (Instituto Agronômico do Norte da EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental. O mapa de distribuição foi elaborado utilizando o software QGis juntamente com os dados de coleta das espécies. Foram encontrados 204 registros depositados em 21 herbários, sendo que, 175 são pertencentes à espécie Dalbergia monetaria e 29 à Dalbergia ecastaphyllum. Analisando os dados de coleta, notou-se que as espécies foram coletadas em 44 municípios do Estado do Pará, dos quais Belém e Bragança apresentaram maior quantidade de registros. A partir do levantamento realizado notou-se a predominância de Dalbergia monetaria nos registros, mostrando que esta é uma espécie que possui potencial para ser explorada. 

[Neuroanatomy of the Parietal Association Areas].

Science.gov (United States)

Kobayashi, Yasushi

2016-11-01

The parietal association cortex comprises the superior and inferior parietal lobules, the precuneus and the cortices in the intraparietal, parietooccipital and lunate sulci. By processing somatic, visual, acoustic and vestibular sensory information, the parietal association cortex plays a pivotal role in spatial cognition and motor control of the eyes and the extremities. Sensory information from the primary and secondary somatosensory areas enters the superior parietal lobule and is transferred to the inferior parietal lobule. Visual information is processed through the dorsal visual pathway and it reaches the inferior parietal lobule, the intraparietal sulcus and the precuneus. Acoustic information is transferred posteriorly from the primary acoustic area, and it reaches the posterior region of the inferior parietal lobule. The areas in the intraparietal sulcus project to the premotor area, the frontal eye fields, and the prefrontal area. These areas are involved in the control of ocular movements, reaching and grasping of the upper extremities, and spatial working memory. The posterior region of the inferior parietal lobule and the precuneus both project either directly, or indirectly via the posterior cingulate gyrus, to the parahippocampal and entorhinal cortices. Both these areas are strongly associated with hippocampal functions for long-term memory formation.

Parietal podocytes in normal human glomeruli.

Science.gov (United States)

Bariety, Jean; Mandet, Chantal; Hill, Gary S; Bruneval, Patrick

2006-10-01

Although parietal podocytes along the Bowman's capsule have been described by electron microscopy in the normal human kidney, their molecular composition remains unknown. Ten human normal kidneys that were removed for cancer were assessed for the presence and the extent of parietal podocytes along the Bowman's capsule. The expression of podocyte-specific proteins (podocalyxin, glomerular epithelial protein-1, podocin, nephrin, synaptopodin, and alpha-actinin-4), podocyte synthesized proteins (vascular endothelial growth factor and novH), transcription factors (WT1 and PAX2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57, and intermediate filaments (cytokeratins and vimentin) was tested. In addition, six normal fetal kidneys were studied to track the ontogeny of parietal podocytes. The podocyte protein labeling detected parietal podocytes in all of the kidneys, was found in 76.6% on average of Bowman's capsule sections, and was prominent at the vascular pole. WT1 and p57 were expressed in some parietal cells, whereas PAX2 was present in all or most of them, so some parietal cells coexpressed WT1 and PAX2. Furthermore, parietal podocytes coexpressed WT1 and podocyte proteins. Cytokeratin-positive cells covered a variable part of the capsule and did not express podocyte proteins. Tuft-capsular podocyte bridges were present in 15.5 +/- 3.7% of the glomerular sections. Parietal podocytes often covered the juxtaglomerular arterioles and were present within the extraglomerular mesangium. Parietal podocytes were present in fetal kidneys. Parietal podocytes that express the same epitopes as visceral podocytes do exist along Bowman's capsule in the normal adult kidney. They are a constitutive cell type of the Bowman's capsule. Therefore, their role in physiology and pathology should be investigated.

Optimización de los Parámetros de Soldadura por Arco Sumergido en Acero HSLA: una Aplicación para Manufactura de Tuberías de Conducción de Hidrocarburos

OpenAIRE

Costa,Patricia Sheilla; Reyes-Valdés,Felipe Arturo; Saldaña-Garcés,Rocio; González-González,David Salvador; Delgado-Albavera,Erick Rafael

2015-01-01

Resumen El acero HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy) API 5L X70 es utilizado para fabricación de tuberías para transporte de hidrocarburos. La construcción de tuberías de este material involucra alta cantidad de soldadura, donde los parámetros empleados influyen directamente en las estructuras metalúrgicas y en las propiedades mecánicas del mismo cuando soldado. Así, para estudiar el impacto de los parámetros de soldadura por arco sumergido en la resistencia mecánica y dureza de la Zona Afectada p...

Visual Categorization and the Parietal Cortex

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Jamie K Fitzgerald

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The primate brain is adept at rapidly grouping items and events into functional classes, or categories, in order to recognize the significance of stimuli and guide behavior. Higher cognitive functions have traditionally been considered the domain of frontal areas. However, increasing evidence suggests that parietal cortex is also involved in categorical and associative processes. Previous work showed that the parietal cortex is highly involved in spatial processing, attention and saccadic eye movement planning, and more recent studies have found decision-making signals in LIP. We recently found that a subdivision of parietal cortex, the lateral intraparietal area (LIP, reflects learned categories for multiple types of visual stimuli. Additionally, a comparison of categorization signals in parietal and frontal areas found stronger and earlier categorization signals in parietal cortex, arguing that parietal abstract association or category signals are unlikely to arise via feedback from prefrontal cortex (PFC.

Integración de prácticas culturales y control biológico para el manejo de Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par

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Jorge Enrique Villamil

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En Colombia las pérdidas ocasionadas por Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par en el cultivo de cacao, son considerables y los métodos de control tradicional no son suficientes. Para el manejo de la enfermedad el control biológico, surge como alternativa económicamente viable y ambientalmente sostenible. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el control de Moniliophthora roreri mediante parámetros de incidencia y severidad, utilizando aislamientos nativos y cepas comerciales de Trichoderma spp., en combinación con prácticas culturales (PC. Se evaluaron diez tratamientos, los cuales resultaron de combinar prácticas culturales, productos biológicos comerciales, aislamientos nativos de hongos y funguicidas de síntesis química. Para la evaluación, se empleó un diseño completamente aleatorio (DCA con cuatro repeticiones, para un total de 40 UE cada una compuesta por una planta del clon TCS01 (Theobroma CORPOICA la Suiza 01. Se hizo inoculación dirigida al dosel, utilizando una concentración de 1,2, 1,5 y 2,9 x107 UFC.g-1 para aislamientos nativos y 2,0 y 5,0 x108 UFC.g-1 para cepas comerciales. Se evaluó incidencia y severidad externa en los frutos durante 25 semanas. Los resultados indicaron que los frutos inoculados con el tratamiento T7 (P.C + Safer soil ®W.P y T4 (P.C + mezcla Trichoderma H20, H3, H5, presentaron los menores porcentajes de incidencia y severidad externa y los mayores rendimientos de cosecha sin diferencias significativas respecto al control químico y regional, representando una alternativa promisoria para la producción de cacao en la subregión occidental de Boyacá.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos e ganho de seleção para produção de frutos em progênies de polinização aberta de pupunheira no estado do Pará, Brasil

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João Tomé de Farias Neto

2013-06-01

Full Text Available O estudo objetivou estimar parâmetros e valores genéticos para os caracteres número de cachos (NC, peso médio do cacho (PMC e peso total do cacho (PTC aos seis anos, pelo método de modelos mistos (REML/BLUP. O teste de progênies foi estabelecido sob o delineamento de blocos ao acaso com 50 tratamentos (progênies, 10 blocos e uma planta por parcela, no espaçamento de 5 x 5 m, além de uma bordadura externa ao experimento. As estimativas de herdabilidade individual e médias no sentido restrito para PTC (0,213 e 0,360 e NC (0,286 e 0,435, respectivamente, foram de boas magnitudes. O coeficiente de variação genética individual exibiu valores elevados para PTC (19,86 e NC (17,59. A raiz quadrada da herdabilidade ao nível de médias das progênies resulta em acurácia seletiva na ordem de 0,60 para PTC e 0,66 para NC, atestando boa precisão e confiança nos parâmetros genéticos estimados, promovendo segurança na seleção. O potencial da população para fins de melhoramento pode ser observado por meio dos ganhos genéticos para PTC, que oscilaram de 8,3 a 19,9 kg, elevando a nova média populacional para o caráter após um ciclo de seleção, para 40,4 kg, equivalente a 25,8%.

Fundamentos teóricos para el cálculo de los parámetros técnicos de las líneas eléctricas aéreas de baja tensión para su uso en telecomunicaciones

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Henry Arturo Bastidas Mora

2009-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta las propiedades de las redes de energía eléctrica para su utilización como canales para la transmisión de señales de telecomunicaciones. Comienza explorando los principios y fundamentos teóricos para el cálculo de los parámetros técnicos críticos de las líneas eléctricas, por lo que trata con detalle lo referente a los parámetros primarios: inductancia, capaci- tancia, conductancia y resistencia, y, asociados a estos, los parámetros secundarios (más útiles desde el punto de vista de las te- lecomunicaciones: impedancia característica y constante de propagación; de esta última, su componente real, la constante de atenuación. Se verifican las diversas topologías y la estructura de los sistemas eléctricos de potencia para líneas de media y baja tensión aéreas y se propone un modelo matemático para analizar su comportamiento a altas frecuencias extensible a la mayoría de los sistemas de distribución aéreos de energía eléctrica colombianos. El trabajo incluye una parte de los resultados de la in- vestigación denominada “Diseño de una solución a través de la tecnología PLT (Power Line Telecommunications para acceso a Internet de banda ancha en regiones rurales de Colombia”, realizada por el autor con la Universidad Piloto de Colombia. Me- diante la utilización del modelo matemático propuesto se tiene una herramienta teórica de una parte de los cálculos aplicables a PLT.

Análisis de los parámetros del modelo NRTL para aminoácidos en mezclas de etanol-agua, empleando el enfoque de la solubilidad relativa

OpenAIRE

Rivera, Andrés; Espinosa, Armando

2016-01-01

Este artículo presenta un análisis alternativo al realizado por Ferreira y colaboradores, sobre datos de solubilidad de aminoácidos en soluciones etanol-agua, mediante la correlación de los parámetros del modelo NRTL. El examen inicial de los parámetros energéticos, para el sistema etanol-agua, mostró una alta correlación que permitió una representación por medio de un modelo modificado de un único parámetro y una regla de mezcla basada en la entalpia de vaporización de los componentes puros....

Optimización de los Parámetros de Soldadura por Arco Sumergido en Acero HSLA: una Aplicación para Manufactura de Tuberías de Conducción de Hidrocarburos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricia Sheilla Costa

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen El acero HSLA (High Strength Low Alloy API 5L X70 es utilizado para fabricación de tuberías para transporte de hidrocarburos. La construcción de tuberías de este material involucra alta cantidad de soldadura, donde los parámetros empleados influyen directamente en las estructuras metalúrgicas y en las propiedades mecánicas del mismo cuando soldado. Así, para estudiar el impacto de los parámetros de soldadura por arco sumergido en la resistencia mecánica y dureza de la Zona Afectada por el Calor (ZAC, fue llevado a cabo un diseño central compuesto que totalizó 17 pruebas. Las variables de entrada fueron corriente, voltaje y velocidad de avance; como variables de salida se consideró resistencia a la tensión y dureza Vickers de la ZAC. Para tal estudio fue utilizado el proceso de soldadura por arco sumergido, pruebas de tensión y pruebas de dureza Vickers. Se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta para el modelado y la optimización fue realizada utilizando algoritmos genéticos y la gráfica de frente de Pareto. Fueron obtenidas 16 combinaciones de parámetros con la optimización, de las cuales fue escogida una para validar los modelos. Con los resultados fue posible establecer modelos matemáticos empíricos satisfactorios para las variables de respuesta.

Contribuição dos parâmetros biomecânicos para o desempenho de saltos verticais de jogadoras de basquetebol Contribución de los parámetros biomecánicos para el desempeño en saltos verticales de jugadoras de baloncesto Contribution of biomechanical parameters to vertical jump performance in basketball players

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Maciel Andrade

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a contribuição dos parâmetros biomecânicos para o desempenho do salto vertical com contramovimento (SV e SV precedido de corrida (SVcorrida em 19 jogadoras da seleção brasileira adulta de basquetebol feminino (26,2 ± 4,7 anos; 1,81 ± 0,07 m; 75,6 ± 12,6 kg; 20,4 ± 6,0% de gordura. Foram considerados os picos de força passiva (PFPa e propulsão (PFP, tempo para alcance dos picos de força passiva (TPFPa e propulsão (TPFP, "load rate" (LR, taxa de desenvolvimento de força (TDF, tempo de fase excêntrica (Texc e concêntrica (Tcon. A análise de componentes principais revelou que 50,86% da altura de SV foi explicada por PFPa, TPFPa, LR, Texc e TPFP, e que 43,28% de SVcorrida foi explicada por PFPa, TPFPa, LR, PFP. Esses resultados sugerem que parâmetros temporais parecem contribuir de maneira mais significativa para o desempenho de salto, porém diferentes tipos de salto podem demandar comportamentos distintos de parâmetros biomecânicos.El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la contribución de parámetros biomecánicos para el rendimiento de salto vertical con contra movimiento (SV e SV precedido de carrera (SVcarrera en diecinueve jugadoras de baloncesto de la selección brasileña femenina adultas (26,2 ± 4,7 años; 1,81 ± 0,07 m; 75,6 ± 12,6 kg; 20,4 ± 6,0% de grasa. Fueran considerados el pico de fuerza pasiva (PFPa y propulsión (PFP, tiempo para llegar a picos de fuerza pasiva (TPFPa y propulsión (TPFP, la tasa de carga (LR, tasa de desarrollo de fuerza (TDF, tiempo de la fase excéntrica (Texc y concéntrica (Tcon. Las análisis de los componentes principales mostraron que 50,86% da la altura de SV fue explicada por PFPa, TPFPa, LR, Texc y TPFP, y que 43,28% de SVcarrera fue explicada por PFPa, TPFPa, LR, PFP. Los resultados sugieren parámetros temporales parecen contribuir más significativamente para rendimiento del salto pero, diferentes tipos del salto pueden

¿Es válido utilizar con precisión parámetros reológicos obtenidos en laboratorio para modelar aludes torrenciales a escala real?

OpenAIRE

Blanco, Armando; Rodríguez, Carmen; García, Reinaldo

2009-01-01

Para predecir el comportamiento de aludes torrenciales a escala real se utilizan modelos numéricos. Sin embargo, los parámetros reológicos que permiten representar los fluidos que componen el flujo son difíciles de obtener utilizando reómetros convencionales. En general experiencias de laboratorio son combinadas con modelos matemáticos para calibrar los modelos reológicos. Luego, el modelo numérico calibrado es utilizado para predecir el comportamiento de los aludes torrenciales en campo. Sin...

Validação de sistema de parâmetros técnicos de mobilidade urbana aplicados para sistema cicloviário

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vinicius Tischer

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi o de gerar uma base de análise quantitativa para subsidiar uma avaliação integrada da infraestrutura cicloviária inserida no contexto de mobilidade urbana das cidades. A metodologia utilizada deu ênfase a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de parâmetros estatístico-matemáticos que explicitam a continuidade ou a fragmentação, densidade, e funcionalidade de um sistema cicloviário utilizando estudo de caso das cidades de Balneário Camboriú/SC e Itajaí/SC para validar os índices e parâmetros propostos. Ambas as cidades possuem um sistema implementado de infraestrutura cicloviário e projetos de expansão desta, o que facilitou a comparação entre elas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se positivos, com indicadores aderentes e sensíveis para a quantificação da qualidade do sistema cicloviário das cidades, subsidiando o planejamento urbano e adoção e monitoramento de metas. O desenvolvimento do IMCiclo (Índice de Mobilidade Cicloviária permitiu, de forma objetiva e simplificada, classificar a qualidade do sistema cicloviário contribuindo para a difusão da necessidade de mensuração das condições da infraestrutura cicloviária. Foi possível observar claramente as diferenças entre as cidades estudadas, onde Balneário Camboriú atingiu os melhores índices.

The double par locus of virulence factor pB171: DNA segregation is correlated with oscillation of ParA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ebersbach, G; Gerdes, K; Charbon, Gitte Ebersbach

2001-01-01

Prokaryotic plasmids and chromosomes encode partitioning (par) loci that segregate DNA to daughter cells before cell division. Recent database analyses showed that almost all known par loci encode an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein, and one or more cis-acting regions where the proteins act. All...

Encefalomenigocele atrésico parietal Parietal atresic encephalomeningocele

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Liliana Rivera Oliva

2011-09-01

Full Text Available El encefalocele es una anomalía congénita rara, en la que una porción del encéfalo protruye a través de un orificio craneal (evaginación, generalmente situado en la línea media. Clínicamente se caracteriza por una masa epicraneal, de consistencia blanda, muchas veces acompañada de trastornos psicomotores, convulsiones y trastornos de la visión. Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido con diagnóstico de encefalomeningocele atrésico parietal, intervenido quirúrgicamente y con evolución satisfactoria.The encephalocele is a uncommon congenital anomaly where a portion of encephalon protrudes through a cranial orifice (evagination, generally located in the middle line. Clinically, it is characterized by a soft epicranial mass often accompanied or psychomotor disorders, convulsions and vision disorders. This is the case of a newborn diagnosed with parietal atresic encephalomeningocele operated on with a satisfactory evolution.

Aplicación de técnicas sísmicas como herramienta para la obtención de parámetros geomecánicos del terreno en la urbanización Camposol, Mazarrón

OpenAIRE

Morales Giménez, Pedro

2015-01-01

Para el cálculo de parámetros geomecánicos del terreno, pueden ser empleados los valores de las velocidades de ondas compresionales (P) y ondas de cizalla (S) mediante métodos geofísicos superficiales. Estos parámetros son fundamentales para obtener las características de las zonas en las que se procede a la realización de obras civiles, edificios, etc. Y a la minimización del riesgo sísmico en las mismas, así como de asentamientos incontrolados del terreno, estabilidad de t...

par genes in Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium smegmatis are arranged in an operon transcribed from "SigGC" promoters

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Casart Yveth

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The ParA/Soj and ParB/Spo0J proteins, and the cis-acting parS site, participate actively in chromosome segregation and cell cycle progression. Genes homologous to parA and parB, and two putative parS copies, have been identified in the Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium smegmatis chromosomes. As in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the parA and parB genes in these two non-pathogenic mycobacteria are located near the chromosomal origin of replication. The present work focused on the determination of the transcriptional organisation of the ~6 Kb orf60K-parB region of M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis by primer extension, transcriptional fusions to the green fluorescence protein (GFP and quantitative RT-PCR. Results The parAB genes were arranged in an operon. However, we also found promoters upstream of each one of these genes. Seven putative promoter sequences were identified in the orf60K-parB region of M. bovis BCG, whilst four were identified in the homologous region of M. smegmatis, one upstream of each open reading frame (ORF. Real-time PCR assays showed that in M. smegmatis, mRNA-parA and mRNA-parB levels decreased between the exponential and stationary phases. In M. bovis BCG, mRNA-parA levels also decreased between the exponential and stationary phases. However, parB expression was higher than parA expression and remained almost unchanged along the growth curve. Conclusion The majority of the proposed promoter regions had features characteristic of Mycobacterium promoters previously denoted as Group D. The -10 hexamer of a strong E. coli σ70-like promoter, located upstream of gidB of M. bovis BCG, overlapped with a putative parS sequence, suggesting that the transcription from this promoter might be regulated by the binding of ParB to parS.

Modelos para determinação dos parâmetros da equação de van Genuchten para um Cambissolo Models for determination of parameters of van Genuchten equation for a Cambisol

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Carlos R. de Mello

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Com este trabalho, objetiva-se a geração de modelos matemáticos para predição dos 4 parâmetros da equação de van Genuchten (tetaR, tetaS, alfa e n e para a umidade correspondente à capacidade de campo em função dos atributos areia, argila, matéria orgânica e densidade do solo, ambas de fácil e rotineira determinação em laboratório, além da profundidade. Coletaram-se 36 amostras não deformadas e deformadas nas profundidades de 0 a 30, 30 a 60 e 60 a 90 cm, em Cambissolo originado de gnaisse, determinando-se as umidades correspondentes às tensões de 2, 6 e 10 kPa em mesa de tensão e as referentes a 33, 100, 500 e 1500 kPa, em câmara de Richards. Para ajuste dos modelos, trabalhou-se com o programa SAS for Windows, com a rotina Proc Reg, e procedimento Backward, para selecionar as variáveis significativamente diferentes de zero num certo nível de probabilidade. Para avaliação dos modelos, consideraram-se o coeficiente de determinação e os erros de predição, tanto para os parâmetros estimados quanto para as umidades geradas pela equação de van Genuchten ajustada com os parâmetros estimados, para cada tensão descrita acima. Constatou-se que os erros foram consideravelmente pequenos, justificando a aplicação dos modelos.This work proposes to adjust mathematical models to predict the parameters of van Genuchten equation (thetaR, thetaS, alpha and n, besides a model to predict the soil moisture corresponding to the field capacity. The models express the equation parameters as dependent variables and sand, clay, organic matter, bulk density and depth as independent variables. All independent variables can be easily and routinely determined in laboratory. The samples were collected at 12 points in and three layers (0-30; 30-60; 60-90 cm of a Cambisol, using a Uhland sampler. The soil moisture at matric potentials of 2, 6 and 10 kPa were determined using a porous plate apparatus and those at matric potentials of 33

Fungos anamorfos (hyphomycetes da Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, Brasil: novos registros para o Neotrópico Anamorphic fungi (hyphomycetes from Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, Brazil: new records for the Neotropics

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Josiane Santana Monteiro

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Os hifomicetos são importantes decompositores e recicladores da matéria orgânica morta no ambiente e podem ser importantes patógenos de plantas e animais. Como parte do inventário da diversidade dos fungos sobre palmeiras da Amazônia Oriental, no sítio do Programa de Biodiversidade da Amazônia (PPBIO, na Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Pará, foram identificados cinco novos registros de hifomicetos para o Neotrópico: Camposporium fusisporum Whitton, McKenzie & Hyde; Cylindrocarpon curtum Bugnicourt; Minimidochium microsporum Matsush.; Sporidesmiella aspera Kuthub. & Nawawi; Sporidesmium ghanaense M.B. Ellis. Stachybotrys theobromae Hansf. é citado pela primeira vez para o Brasil.The hyphomycetes are important decomposers and recyclers of dead organic matter in the environment and may be important pathogens of plants and animals. As part of the diversity inventory of palm-tree fungi from Eastern Amazonia, in Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, five new records of hyphomycetes for the Neotropics were found: Camposporium fusisporum Whitton, McKenzie & Hyde; Cylindrocarpon curtum Bugnicourt; Minimidochium microsporum Matsush.; Sporidesmiella aspera Kuthub. & Nawawi; Sporidesmium ghanaense M.B. Ellis. Stachybotrys theobromae Hansf. is cited for the first time for Brazil.

Caracterización de la mena laterítica para el ajuste de parámetros tecnológicos del transportador de banda

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Licinio Matos-Elías

2009-03-01

Full Text Available En las plantas niqueleras cubanas los parámetros de explotación de los transportadores de banda no se corresponden con las características físico-mecánicas de la mena laterítica que es acarreada, lo que conlleva subutilización de la capacidad de carga y de la potencia de accionamiento de estos equipos. Se realizó una investigación experimental en la planta metalúrgica Ernesto Che Guevara con el fin de elevar la eficiencia del transportador, para ello se evaluó el comportamiento de las propiedades físico-mecánicas de mayor influencia sobre los parámetros tecnológicos de este dispositivo de transporte. En muestras de mena laterítica mullida y homogenizada se determinó la composición granulométrica, masa volumétrica, coeficiente de esponjamiento, humedad y ángulo del talud natural y dinámico, aplicando métodos tradicionales conocidos, como diferencia de pesadas, tamizado y volumétricos. Como resultado, quedaron establecidos para la mena objeto de transporte los rangos de variación de las propiedades físico-mecánicas antes referidas y se obtuvieron relaciones funcionales entre ellas que permiten establecer el régimen de explotación en tiempo real y elegir el diseño más eficaz para el transportador de banda.

Criterios y metodología para la determinación de los parámetros dinámicos y cinemáticos para la remotorización.

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M. Cárdenas Garnier

2008-05-01

Full Text Available La remotorización, ha significado una valiosa opción para solucionar los problemas que se presentan en los medios de transporte para alargar la vida útil a los equipos existentes, para disminuir los altos consumos de combustible, o bien porque en ocasiones se hace imposible adquirir el motor y la caja de velocidades originales del vehículo. En el presente trabajo se discuten los criterios mínimos y necesarios, así como la metodología para el cálculo de los parámetros o indicadores que se han seleccionado como criterio para la comparación de las variantes entre si (motor original y motor nuevo, se llega a resultados sobre la propuesta y se presentan conclusiones y recomendaciones al respecto. Title: Criteria and methodology for the determination of dynamic and cinematic parameters for engine exchange.Engine exchange is a valuable option to solve the problems that show up in the means of transportation to increase the useful life of the existent vehicles in order to decrease the high consumptions of fuel, or because to acquire the original engine and gearbox of vehicle sometimes becomes impossible. Present paper discussed minimal and necessary criteria, as well as the methodology for the calculation of the parameters or indicators that are been selected as a comparison criteria among the considered variants (original and new engine, this allows reach results about proposal, conclusions are presented.

Aplicación de la clasificación internacional del funcionamiento, de la discapacidad y de la salud para elaborar un perfil de necesidades de apoyo a una persona con parálisis cerebral

OpenAIRE

Chiorino Arroyo, Odemaris

2004-01-01

El presente artículo resume un trabajo llevado a cabo en un centro de adultos para personas con parálisis cerebral en Salamanca, pertenecientes a la Asociación de Padres de Personas con Parálisis Cerebral y Encefalopatías Afines (ASPACE). El objetivo fue aplicar la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud (CIF) a una persona con parálisis cerebral y discapacidad intelectual, con el fin de elaborar un perfil de necesidades de apoyo.

Isotopic analysis of H{sub 2}, HD, D{sub 2} mixtures and analysis of ortho-para-hydrogen mixtures by gas chromatography; Dosages par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de melanges d'hydrogene, d'hydrogene deutere, de deuterium et de melanges ortho-para-hydrogene

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Botter, F; Perriere, G de la; Tistchenko, S [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1961-07-01

This communication describes the present situation concerning the possibilities of vapor phase chromatography for the separation and analysis of mixtures of H{sub 2}, HD and D{sub 2} and of ortho- and para-hydrogen mixtures. Separation factors for physical adsorption of the various varieties of hydrogen have been deduced from chromatograms and have also been measured directly with a static method - the agreements is good. (author) [French] Le present rapport decrit diverses possibilites qu'offre la chromatographie gazeuse d'elution en ce qui concerne le dosage des melanges H{sub 2}, HD, D{sub 2} et des varietes ortho et para de l'hydrogene. On a calcule, a partir des chromatogrammes obtenus, les facteurs de separation par adsorption physique des differentes varietes d'hydrogene, et compare aux facteurs de separation determines par mesure directe. (auteur)

Narrative Identities and the Plebiscite in Pará: An Analysis of the Front Pages for O Liberal and Diário do Pará

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Alda Cristina Silva da Costa

2017-05-01

Full Text Available On December 11, 2011, a plebiscite was held in Pará proposing to create two separatist states, Carajás and Tapajós, out of the state of Pará. The public voted against both projects. This article analyzes the narrative identities found on the front pages of O Liberal and Diário do Pará newspapers about the plebiscite in Pará. Depth Hermeneutics (DH, as proposed by Thompson (2011, was used as the methodological reference. DH emphasizes the object of analysis as a meaningful symbolic construction requiring interpretation. Narrative analysis, as proposed by Motta (2007, was the main research technique used to highlight the movement of construction of journalistic (discursive characters. The narrative identities built by the two newspapers showed that both were against the creation of the new states, but for very different reasons. The flag of Pará was the main object used to induce the idea of unity. Em 11 de dezembro de 2011, o plebiscito no Pará propôs a criação dos estados de Carajás e de Tapajós a partir da divisão do estado do Pará. O resultado da consulta pública foi negativo aos dois projetos. O artigo analisa as identidades narrativas constituídas pelas primeiras páginas dos jornais O Liberal e Diário do Pará sobre o plebiscito no Pará. Utilizou-se como referencial metodológico a Hermenêutica em Profundidade (HP, proposta por Thompson (2011. A HP evidencia o fato de que o objeto de análise é uma construção simbólica significativa, que exige uma interpretação. Como principal técnica de pesquisa, a análise narrativa, proposta por Motta (2007, com ênfase no movimento de construção de personagens jornalísticas (discursivas. As identidades narrativas construídas pelos dois jornais indicaram que ambos eram contrários à criação dos novos estados, porém por motivos divergentes. A bandeira do Pará foi o principal elemento utilizado para evocar a ideia de unidade. En 11 de diciembre de 2011, el plebiscito en

Método para determinação de parâmetros de gravação e corte a laser CO2 com aplicação na joalheria contemporânea

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Mariana Kuhl Cidade

2016-12-01

Full Text Available A tecnologia de gravação e corte a laser CO2 é um dos principais processos de fabricação da atualidade, unindo versatilidade, precisão e velocidade, sendo uma importante ferramenta para o design de joias contemporâneas. A utilização do equipamento depende de diversas variáveis relacionadas aos materiais utilizados ou aos projetos executados. Contudo, a obtenção dos melhores parâmetros frequentemente é realizada de forma empírica, tornando a padronização imprecisa e prejudicando a qualidade das peças. Na joalheria contemporânea, é essencial a busca por peças com grande nível de acabamento e que mesclem a utilização de materiais nobres com alternativas não-convencionais. Esta pesquisa trata do desenvolvimento de um método para a obtenção de parâmetros ideais para a utilização da tecnologia de gravação e corte a laser CO2, com desenhos vetoriais, através de etapas que considerem as variáveis do projeto, do material e do equipamento do tipo galvanométrico. Para aplicação, o método foi empregado no desenvolvimento de joias utilizando-se borracha EPDM com prata. Foram conduzidos testes de aplicação de velocidades e número de passadas de feixe laser, determinando a configuração ideal para utilização deste processo no material. Imagens analisadas via MEV auxiliaram na avaliação dos efeitos do feixe laser no elastômero, como a zona de abrangência térmica e a efetividade do corte. Com um método para obtenção dos parâmetros para boa definição de corte e uniformidade do traço, essa pesquisa objetiva auxiliar estudantes, profissionais e indústrias na execução de seus projetos.

Correlação entre fator de toxicidade e parâmetros físico-químicos para efluentes domésticos tratados

OpenAIRE

Amaral, Karina Guedes Cubas do

2013-01-01

No Brasil diversas estações adicionam policloreto de alumínio no lodo biológico para melhorar a eficiência da coagulação/ floculação e clarificação e adicionam hipoclorito de sódio no efluente tratado para a desinfecção. Usualmente o monitoramento das Estações é realizado em muitos casos apenas através da determinação de parâmetros físico-quimicos. Neste estudo foram realizadas análises em amostras obtidas em diferentes condições operacionais de uma ETE sanitária de uma indústria localizada n...

Analysis of ParB-centromere interactions by multiplex SPR imaging reveals specific patterns for binding ParB in six centromeres of Burkholderiales chromosomes and plasmids.

Science.gov (United States)

Pillet, Flavien; Passot, Fanny Marie; Pasta, Franck; Anton Leberre, Véronique; Bouet, Jean-Yves

2017-01-01

Bacterial centromeres-also called parS, are cis-acting DNA sequences which, together with the proteins ParA and ParB, are involved in the segregation of chromosomes and plasmids. The specific binding of ParB to parS nucleates the assembly of a large ParB/DNA complex from which ParA-the motor protein, segregates the sister replicons. Closely related families of partition systems, called Bsr, were identified on the chromosomes and large plasmids of the multi-chromosomal bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia and other species from the order Burkholeriales. The centromeres of the Bsr partition families are 16 bp palindromes, displaying similar base compositions, notably a central CG dinucleotide. Despite centromeres bind the cognate ParB with a narrow specificity, weak ParB-parS non cognate interactions were nevertheless detected between few Bsr partition systems of replicons not belonging to the same genome. These observations suggested that Bsr partition systems could have a common ancestry but that evolution mostly erased the possibilities of cross-reactions between them, in particular to prevent replicon incompatibility. To detect novel similarities between Bsr partition systems, we have analyzed the binding of six Bsr parS sequences and a wide collection of modified derivatives, to their cognate ParB. The study was carried out by Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) mulitplex analysis enabling a systematic survey of each nucleotide position within the centromere. We found that in each parS some positions could be changed while maintaining binding to ParB. Each centromere displays its own pattern of changes, but some positions are shared more or less widely. In addition from these changes we could speculate evolutionary links between these centromeres.

Sylvian Fissure and Parietal Anatomy in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Tracey A. Knaus

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Autism spectrum disorder (ASD is characterized by deficits in social functioning and language and communication, with restricted interests or stereotyped behaviors. Anatomical differences have been found in the parietal cortex in children with ASD, but parietal subregions and associations between Sylvian fissure (SF and parietal anatomy have not been explored. In this study, SF length and anterior and posterior parietal volumes were measured on MRI in 30 right-handed boys with ASD and 30 right-handed typically developing boys (7–14 years, matched on age and non-verbal IQ. There was leftward SF and anterior parietal asymmetry, and rightward posterior parietal asymmetry, across groups. There were associations between SF and parietal asymmetries, with slight group differences. Typical SF asymmetry was associated with typical anterior and posterior parietal asymmetry, in both groups. In the atypical SF asymmetry group, controls had atypical parietal asymmetry, whereas in ASD there were more equal numbers of individuals with typical as atypical anterior parietal asymmetry. We did not find significant anatomical-behavioral associations. Our findings of more individuals in the ASD group having a dissociation between cortical asymmetries warrants further investigation of these subgroups and emphasizes the importance of investigating anatomical relationships in addition to group differences in individual regions.

Use of explicit memory cues following parietal lobe lesions.

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Dobbins, Ian G; Jaeger, Antonio; Studer, Bettina; Simons, Jon S

2012-11-01

The putative role of the lateral parietal lobe in episodic memory has recently become a topic of considerable debate, owing primarily to its consistent activation for studied materials during functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of recognition. Here we examined the performance of patients with parietal lobe lesions using an explicit memory cueing task in which probabilistic cues ("Likely Old" or "Likely New"; 75% validity) preceded the majority of verbal recognition memory probes. Without cues, patients and control participants did not differ in accuracy. However, group differences emerged during the "Likely New" cue condition with controls responding more accurately than parietal patients when these cues were valid (preceding new materials) and trending towards less accuracy when these cues were invalid (preceding old materials). Both effects suggest insufficient integration of external cues into memory judgments on the part of the parietal patients whose cued performance largely resembled performance in the complete absence of cues. Comparison of the parietal patients to a patient group with frontal lobe lesions suggested the pattern was specific to parietal and adjacent area lesions. Overall, the data indicate that parietal lobe patients fail to appropriately incorporate external cues of novelty into recognition attributions. This finding supports a role for the lateral parietal lobe in the adaptive biasing of memory judgments through the integration of external cues and internal memory evidence. We outline the importance of such adaptive biasing through consideration of basic signal detection predictions regarding maximum possible accuracy with and without informative environmental cues. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Parietal cortex and representation of the mental Self

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lou, Hans C; Luber, Bruce; Crupain, Michael

2004-01-01

For a coherent and meaningful life, conscious self-representation is mandatory. Such explicit "autonoetic consciousness" is thought to emerge by retrieval of memory of personally experienced events ("episodic memory"). During episodic retrieval, functional imaging studies consistently show....... The medial parietal region may, then, be conceived of as a nodal structure in self-representation, functionally connected to both the right parietal and the medial prefrontal cortices. To determine whether medial parietal cortex in this network is essential for episodic memory retrieval with self...

Analysis of ParB-centromere interactions by multiplex SPR imaging reveals specific patterns for binding ParB in six centromeres of Burkholderiales chromosomes and plasmids.

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Flavien Pillet

Full Text Available Bacterial centromeres-also called parS, are cis-acting DNA sequences which, together with the proteins ParA and ParB, are involved in the segregation of chromosomes and plasmids. The specific binding of ParB to parS nucleates the assembly of a large ParB/DNA complex from which ParA-the motor protein, segregates the sister replicons. Closely related families of partition systems, called Bsr, were identified on the chromosomes and large plasmids of the multi-chromosomal bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia and other species from the order Burkholeriales. The centromeres of the Bsr partition families are 16 bp palindromes, displaying similar base compositions, notably a central CG dinucleotide. Despite centromeres bind the cognate ParB with a narrow specificity, weak ParB-parS non cognate interactions were nevertheless detected between few Bsr partition systems of replicons not belonging to the same genome. These observations suggested that Bsr partition systems could have a common ancestry but that evolution mostly erased the possibilities of cross-reactions between them, in particular to prevent replicon incompatibility. To detect novel similarities between Bsr partition systems, we have analyzed the binding of six Bsr parS sequences and a wide collection of modified derivatives, to their cognate ParB. The study was carried out by Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi mulitplex analysis enabling a systematic survey of each nucleotide position within the centromere. We found that in each parS some positions could be changed while maintaining binding to ParB. Each centromere displays its own pattern of changes, but some positions are shared more or less widely. In addition from these changes we could speculate evolutionary links between these centromeres.

Isolation of rabies virus from the parotid salivary glands of foxes (Pseudalopex vetulus from Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil Isolamento de vírus rábico de glândulas salivares parótidas de raposas (Pseudalopex vetulus do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil

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Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues Silva

2009-09-01

Full Text Available To determine the presence of rabies virus in the parotid salivary glands, 12 road-killed rabies-positive hoary foxes (Pseudoalopex vetulus were tested by using the fluorescent antibody test (FAT and mouse inoculation test (MIT. All 12 parotid salivary glands were positive for both tests, although in some cases several passages were required. The findings of this study support the importance of the hoary fox as rabies reservoir in the semi-arid region of Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil.Para determinar a presença de vírus rábico em glândulas salivares parótidas, 12 raposas (Pseudalopex vetulus atropeladas em rodovias e positivas para raiva foram testadas pelo teste de imunofluorescência direta (IFD e teste de inoculação em camundongos (IC. Todas as 12 glândulas salivares parótidas foram positivas em ambos os testes, embora, em alguns casos, várias passagens terem sido necessárias. Os achados do presente trabalho reforçam a importância das raposas como reservatórios de raiva no semi-árido do Estado da Paraíba, Nordeste do Brasil.

Reference values for chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger blood cells and serum biochemical parameters Valores de referência para os parâmetros das células e bioquímica sangüínea da chinchila (Chinchilla laniger

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Tális de Oliveira Silva

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Raising chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger for commercial purpose has increased significantly; however, hematological and serum biochemical reference values have not yet been determined for chinchillas raised in south Brazil. Establishing blood cells and serum biochemistry reference values might be helpful to evaluate health status of chinchillas and might be used as a tool by clinicians. The purpose of this study was to determine the reference values for blood cells and serum biochemistry of Chinchilla laniger. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture from 16 adult males, at the time they were killed to remove the fur coat, and from 8 adult males anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. Blood cell counts and serum biochemistry analysis were performed using standard techniques and the results were expressed as mean ± SEM. Analysis of blood parameters from post-mortem cardiac punctured and from anesthetized chinchillas indicated that blood samples from anesthetized chinchillas had higher PCV, Hemoglobin, MCHC and WBC (P A criação de chinchila (Chinchilla laniger com objetivos comerciais tem crescido muito nos últimos anos. No entanto, os valores de referência para os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos não foram ainda determinados para chinchilas criados no sul do Brasil. O estabelecimento dos valores de referência para esses parâmetros pode servir de auxílio para a avaliação da saúde das chinchilas e servir de auxílio diagnóstico para o clínico. Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar os valores de referência das células e da bioquímica sangüínea da Chinchilla laniger. As amostras de sangue foram coletadas por meio de punção cardíaca de 16 machos adultos no momento em que os animais foram mortos para remoção da pele, e de 8 machos adultos após anestesia com xylazina e ketamina. A contagem das células sangüíneas e a análise dos parâmetros bioquímicos foram feitas utilizando-se métodos padronizados em

Caracterização dos parâmetros de recozimento de aços totalmente processados para fins elétricos

OpenAIRE

Gebler, Sérgio Roberto

2000-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. A busca mundial pela redução do consumo de energia tem incitado os fabricantes de motores elétricos a procurar alternativas para aumentar o rendimento de seus produtos. Dentre as diversas variáveis que estão envolvidas no processo produtivo, merece destaque a influência exercida pelos parâmetros do ciclo de tratamento térmico a que são submetidos os aços utilizados na fabricação de rotores e estatores. A d...

Taare Zameen Par and dyslexic savants.

Science.gov (United States)

Chakravarty, Ambar

2009-04-01

The film Taare Zameen Par (Stars upon the Ground) portrays the tormented life at school and at home of a child with dyslexia and his eventual success after his artistic talents are discovered by his art teacher at the boarding school. The film hints at a curious neurocognitive phenomenon of creativity in the midst of language disability, as exemplified in the lives of people like Leonardo da Vinci and Albert Einstein, both of whom demonstrated extraordinary creativity even though they were probably affected with developmental learning disorders. It has been hypothesized that a developmental delay in the dominant hemisphere most likely 'disinhibits' the nondominant parietal lobe, unmasking talents-artistic or otherwise-in some such individuals. It has been suggested that, in remedial training, children with learning disorders be encouraged to develop such hidden talents to full capacity, rather than be subjected to the usual overemphasis on the correction of the disturbed coded symbol operations.

Interleukin-17A Promotes Parietal Cell Atrophy by Inducing ApoptosisSummary

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Kevin A. Bockerstett

Full Text Available Background & Aims: Atrophic gastritis caused by chronic inflammation in the gastric mucosa leads to the loss of gastric glandular cells, including acid-secreting parietal cells. Parietal cell atrophy in a setting of chronic inflammation induces spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia, a critical step in gastric carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which inflammation causes parietal cell atrophy and spasmolytic polypeptide expressing metaplasia are not well defined. We investigated the role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A in causing parietal cell atrophy. Methods: A mouse model of autoimmune atrophic gastritis was used to examine IL-17A production during early and late stages of disease. Organoids derived from corpus glands were used to determine the direct effects of IL-17A on gastric epithelial cells. Immunofluorescent staining was used to examine IL-17A receptors and the direct effect of signaling on parietal cells. Mice were infected with an IL-17A-producing adenovirus to determine the effects of IL-17A on parietal cells in vivo. Finally, IL-17A neutralizing antibodies were administered to mice with active atrophic gastritis to evaluate the effects on parietal cell atrophy and metaplasia. Results: Increased IL-17A correlated with disease severity in mice with chronic atrophic gastritis. IL-17A caused caspase-dependent gastric organoid degeneration, which could not be rescued with a necroptosis inhibitor. Parietal cells expressed IL-17A receptors and IL-17A treatment induced apoptosis in parietal cells. Overexpressing IL-17A in vivo induced caspase-3 activation and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling staining in parietal cells. Finally, IL-17A neutralizing antibody decreased parietal cell atrophy and metaplasia in mice with chronic atrophic gastritis. Conclusions: These data identify IL-17A as a cytokine that promotes parietal cell apoptosis during atrophic gastritis, a

Xenomelia: a new right parietal lobe syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

McGeoch, Paul D; Brang, David; Song, Tao; Lee, Roland R; Huang, Mingxiong; Ramachandran, V S

2011-12-01

Damage to the right parietal lobe has long been associated with various disorders of body image. The authors have recently suggested that an unusual behavioural condition in which otherwise rational individuals desire the amputation of a healthy limb might also arise from right parietal dysfunction. Four subjects who desired the amputation of healthy legs (two right, one left and one, at first, bilateral and then left only) were recruited and underwent magnetoencephalography (MEG) scans during tactile stimulation of sites above and below the desired amputation line. Regions of interest (ROIs) in each hemisphere (superior parietal lobule (SPL), inferior parietal lobule, S1, M1, insula, premotor cortex and precuneus) were defined using FreeSurfer software. Analysis of average MEG activity across the 40-140 ms post-stimulation timeframe was carried out using an unpaired t test. This revealed significantly reduced activation only in the right SPL ROI for the subjects' affected legs when compared with both subjects' unaffected legs and that of controls. The right SPL is a cortical area that appears ideally placed to unify disparate sensory inputs to create a coherent sense of having a body. The authors propose that inadequate activation of the right SPL leads to the unnatural situation in which the sufferers can feel the limb in question being touched without it actually incorporating into their body image, with a resulting desire for amputation. The authors introduce the term 'xenomelia' as a more appropriate name than apotemnophilia or body integrity identity disorder, for what appears to be an unrecognised right parietal lobe syndrome.

Reduced parietal activation in cervical dystonia after parietal TMS interleaved with fMRI

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Vries, Paulien M.; de Jong, Bauke M.; Bohning, Daryl E.; Hinson, Vanessa K.; George, Mark S.; Leenders, Klaus L.

Objective: Clinically normal hand movement with altered cerebral activation patterns in cervical dystonia (CD) may imply cerebral adaptation. Since impaired sensorimotor integration appears to play a role in dystonia, left superior parietal cortex modulation with repetitive transcranial magnetic

Caracterización del injerto parietal

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José Manuel Díaz Fernández

1996-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 22 pacientes en los que se utilizó el injerto parietal autógeno para reconstruir defectos del cráneo, en los servicios de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Neurocirugía del Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente "Saturnino Lora", de Santiago de Cuba, desde 1988 hasta 1991. El método de extracción del injerto con división in situ resultó el más empleado y el que ofreció las mejores posibilidades de reconstrucción en cuanto a forma, volumen y flexibilidad, por lo que se recomienda en los defectos pequeños y medianos, sobre todo de la región frontal y áreas adyacentes, donde el contorno y la simetría son los 2 aspectos fundamentales que se deben conseguir. El método de división, in vitro se utilizó en las reconstrucciones de las deformidades de grandes dimensiones, particularmente en aquellas que no incluían la frente. El índice de complicaciones fue bajoIt was carried out a descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study of 22 patients in whom an autogenous parietal graft was used to reconstruct cranial defects at the Maxillofacial Surgery and Neurosurgery Department of the "Saturnino Lora" Clinical and Surgical Teaching Hospital, in Santiago de Cuba, from 1988 to 1991. The graft extraction method with division in situ was the most used and offered the best possibilities for reconstruction as regards form, volume and flexibility. Therefore, it is recommended for small and medium defects, particularly of the frontal region and adjacent areas, where contour and symmetry are the two fundamental aspects to be taken into consideration. The method of division in vitro was used to reconstruct large deformities, specially those in which the forehead was not included. The complications index was low

Parámetros genéticos para características reproductivas en una población de búfalos (bubalus bubalis artiodactyla, bovidae) en el magdalena medio colombiano.

OpenAIRE

Bolívar Vergara, Diana María; Ramírez Toro, Edison Julián; Agudelo Gómez, Divier Antonio; Angulo Arroyave, Roberto Arturo; Cerón Muñoz, Mario Fernando

2011-01-01

La investigación se hizo para estimar los componentes de (co)varianza y parámetros genéticos para edad al primer parto (EPP) e intervalo entre partos (IEP) en una población bufalina en el Magdalena Medio Colombiano. Las características evaluadas fueron EPP, IEP entre primer y segundo parto (IEP1-2), IEP entre segundo y tercer parto (IEP2-3), e IEP entre tercer y cuarto parto (IEP3-4) en un modelo animal multicaracterístico. El IEP con todos los partos (IEPtotal) fue analizado en un modelo ani...

Functional segregation and integration within fronto-parietal networks.

Science.gov (United States)

Parlatini, Valeria; Radua, Joaquim; Dell'Acqua, Flavio; Leslie, Anoushka; Simmons, Andy; Murphy, Declan G; Catani, Marco; Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel

2017-02-01

Experimental data on monkeys and functional studies in humans support the existence of a complex fronto-parietal system activating for cognitive and motor tasks, which may be anatomically supported by the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). Advanced tractography methods have recently allowed the separation of the three branches of the SLF but are not suitable for their functional investigation. In order to gather comprehensive information about the functional organisation of these fronto-parietal connections, we used an innovative method, which combined tractography of the SLF in the largest dataset so far (129 participants) with 14 meta-analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. We found that frontal and parietal functions can be clustered into a dorsal spatial/motor network associated with the SLF I, and a ventral non-spatial/motor network associated with the SLF III. Further, all the investigated functions activated a middle network mostly associated with the SLF II. Our findings suggest that dorsal and ventral fronto-parietal networks are segregated but also share regions of activation, which may support flexible response properties or conscious processing. In sum, our novel combined approach provided novel findings on the functional organisation of fronto-parietal networks, and may be successfully applied to other brain connections. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Motor role of parietal cortex in a monkey model of hemispatial neglect.

Science.gov (United States)

Kubanek, Jan; Li, Jingfeng M; Snyder, Lawrence H

2015-04-21

Parietal cortex is central to spatial cognition. Lesions of parietal cortex often lead to hemispatial neglect, an impairment of choices of targets in space. It has been unclear whether parietal cortex implements target choice at the general cognitive level, or whether parietal cortex subserves the choice of targets of particular actions. To address this question, monkeys engaged in choice tasks in two distinct action contexts--eye movements and arm movements. We placed focused reversible lesions into specific parietal circuits using the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol and validated the lesion placement using MRI. We found that lesions on the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus [lateral intraparietal area (LIP)] specifically biased choices made using eye movements, whereas lesions on the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus [parietal reach region (PRR)] specifically biased choices made using arm movements. This double dissociation suggests that target choice is implemented in dedicated parietal circuits in the context of specific actions. This finding emphasizes a motor role of parietal cortex in spatial choice making and contributes to our understanding of hemispatial neglect.

Parâmetros de prática clínica para suporte hemodinâmico a pacientes pediátricos e neonatais em choque séptico Clinical practice parameters for hemodynamic support of pediatric and neonatal patients in septic shock

OpenAIRE

Joseph A. Carcillo; Alan I. Fields

2002-01-01

Introdução: o Institute of Medicine requisitou o desenvolvimento de diretrizes e parâmetros de prática clínica para promoção da "melhor prática", a fim de melhorar potencialmente a evolução de pacientes. Objetivo: Fornecer ao American College of Critical Care Medicine parâmetros clínicos para o suporte hemodinâmico a neonatos e crianças em choque séptico. Cenário: Foram identificados, através de revisão da literatura e questionamento geral em simpósios da Society of Critical Care Medicine (19...

Adubos verdes: alternativa para agricultores familiares no nordeste paraense

OpenAIRE

Brito, Charles Ramon de M.; Silva, Paulo Henrique S.; Costa, Jorge Luís P.; Silva, Antonio Max Lima da; Saldanha, Eduardo César M.; Nobre, Henderson G.

2015-01-01

No Estado do Pará, a busca por estratégias acessíveis e de baixo custo para a adubação dos cultivos e controle de plantas espontâneas são de extrema importância para o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar. Visando construir e consolidar tais estratégias foi desenvolvido o presenta trabalho no ano de 2014, no nordeste paraense no município de Capitão Poço/Pará/Brasil. Inicialmente foram realizadas oficinas, palestras e dias de campo para sensibilização dos agricultores. Em seguida foi propo...

Intrinsic connections and architectonics of posterior parietal cortex in the rhesus monkey

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pandya, D.N.; Seltzer, B.

1982-01-01

By means of autoradiographic and ablation-degeneration techniques, the intrinsic cortical connections of the posterior parietal cortex in the rhesus monkey were traced and correlated with a reappraisal of cerebral architectonics. Two major rostral-to-caudal connectional sequences exist. One begins in the dorsal postcentral gyrus (area 2) and proceeds, through architectonic divisions of the superior parietal lobule (areas PE and PEc), to a cortical region on the medial surface of the parietal lobe (area PGm). This area has architectonic features similar to those of the caudal inferior parietal lobule (area PG). The second sequence begins in the ventral post/central gyrus (area 2) and passes through the rostral inferior parietal lobule (areas PG and PFG) to reach the caudal inferior parietal lobule (area PG). Both the superior parietal lobule and the rostral inferior parietal lobule also send projections to various other zones located in the parietal opercular region, the intraparietal sulcus, and the caudalmost portion of the cingulate sulcus. Areas PGm and PG, on the other hand, project to each other, to the cingulate region, to the caudalmost portion of the superior temporal gyrus, and to the upper bank of the superior temporal sulcus. Finally, a reciprocal sequence of connections, directed from caudal to rostral, links together many of the above-mentioned parietal zones. With regard to the laminar pattern of termination, the rostral-to-caudal connections are primarily distributed in the form of cortical ''columns'' while the caudal-to-rostral connections are found mainly over the first cortical cell layer

Partida de reator anaeróbio compartimentado em série com um reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo, utilizando parâmetros de sedimentabilidade para formação da biomassa

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Cristine Serafine Neves

2015-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Este estudo objetivou avaliar a formação da biomassa de boa qualidade tanto no reator anaeróbio compartimentado (RAC quanto no reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo (UASB, aplicando parâmetros adequados à sedimentação dos sólidos sedimentáveis (SS presentes na água residuária de suinocultura (ARS. O RAC e o UASB operaram em série com os tempos de detenção hidráulica (TDHs de 15 e 9h, respectivamente, correspondendo a cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COVs médias de 53,8 e 36,2 kg.m³.d¹ em termos de DQOT, respectivamente. As eficiências médias de remoção de DBO520°C, durante o processo de partida e formação da biomassa, foram: 68% para RAC e 55% para UASB, e em termos de DQO: 78% para RAC e 70% para UASB, respectivamente. Os autores concluíram que é possível, mediante os parâmetros de sedimentação adotados, formar uma biomassa peletizada, mesmo operando o sistema com altas cargas orgânicas.

Seguridad basada en parámetros SIM para entornos de comercio electrónico móvil

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Francisco Orlando Martínez Pabón

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Los requerimientos de seguridad son los más exigentes en el dominio del comercio electrónico. Cuando se ha-bla de comercio electrónico móvil los requisitos a nivel de seguridad no solo conservan su nivel de exigencia, sino que se debe mantener un equilibrio entre el grado de seguridad que se requiere y las capacidades de los dispositivos, tanto a nivel hardware como de usabilidad. Estas características exigen el diseño de modelos con un esquema simple de autenticación y autorización transparente para los usuarios, que además garantice la integridad de la información que se intercambia durante cualquier transacción electrónica. Como respuesta a esta necesidad, el Grupo de Interés en el Desarrollo de Aplicaciones Móviles e Inalámbricas W@PColombia, ha desarrollado la plataforma P3SIM con el objeto de brindar las facilidades necesarias para la construcción de aplicaciones móviles seguras basadas en parámetros SIM; a través de un framework, un ambiente de compilación y de simulación como sus principales componentes, la plataforma P3SIM combina las ventajas de identificación que proporciona el módulo SIM con las capacidades que en materia de seguridad ofrecen API como SATSA y JavaCard en el entorno Java ME, una de las plataformas más utilizadas en el desarrollo de aplicaciones para dispositivos móviles. Igualmente, a través del desarrollo de un prototipo aplicado al contexto del comercio elec-trónico móvil, no solo se demuestran las facultades de la plataforma para operar en ambientes seguros sino también su capacidad de adaptación a los requerimientos de seguridad fijados por el entorno.

L'initiative Agua Limpia para Perú est dirigée par un ancien titulaire ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

9 juil. 2014 ... Au Pérou, de nombreuses sources d'eau sont contaminées par de ... l'accès à une eau propre et la formation sur l'assainissement, les eaux usées et les ... par AguaSAN Perú aux fins du traitement des eaux (en espagnol).

Parietal lesion effects on cued recall following pair associate learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Ben-Zvi, Shir; Soroker, Nachum; Levy, Daniel A

2015-07-01

We investigated the involvement of the posterior parietal cortex in episodic memory in a lesion-effects study of cued recall following pair-associate learning. Groups of patients who had experienced first-incident stroke, generally in middle cerebral artery territory, and exhibited damage that included lateral posterior parietal regions, were tested within an early post-stroke time window. In three experiments, patients and matched healthy comparison groups executed repeated study and cued recall test blocks of pairs of words (Experiment 1), pairs of object pictures (Experiment 2), or pairs of object pictures and environmental sounds (Experiment 3). Patients' brain CT scans were subjected to quantitative analysis of lesion volumes. Behavioral and lesion data were used to compute correlations between area lesion extent and memory deficits, and to conduct voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping. These analyses implicated lateral ventral parietal cortex, especially the angular gyrus, in cued recall deficits, most pronouncedly in the cross-modal picture-sound pairs task, though significant parietal lesion effects were also found in the unimodal word pairs and picture pairs tasks. In contrast to an earlier study in which comparable parietal lesions did not cause deficits in item recognition, these results indicate that lateral posterior parietal areas make a substantive contribution to demanding forms of recollective retrieval as represented by cued recall, especially for complex associative representations. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bilateral, posterior parietal polymicrogyria as part of speech therapy ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

SA Journal of Radiology ... Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been associated with either diffuse polymicrogyria around the entire extent of the sylvian fissure or in the posterior aspects of the parietal regions, in which case it is called posterior parietal ... This article discusses the possible embryological origin of these

Occurrence of Pantophthalmus kerteszianus and P. chuni (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae on parica in Para State, Brazil Ocorrência de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus e P. chuni (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae em paricá, no Estado do Pará

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Alexandre Mehl Lunz

2010-06-01

Full Text Available

This is the first register of Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein e P. chuni Enderlein (Diptera: Pantophthalmidae attacking parica trees [Schizolobium parahyba (Vell. S. F. Blake var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke Barneby] in Paragominas, Para State, Brazil. Whereas Para State has the largest area with parica plantation in Brazil, there is a risk of these insects become important pests of this crop.

doi: 10.4336/2010.pfb.30.61.71

As ocorrências de Pantophthalmus kerteszianus Enderlein e P. chuni Enderlein são registradas pela primeira vez em reflorestamentos com paricá [Schizolobium parahyba (Vell. S. F. Blake var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke Barneby] no Estado do Pará, Município de Paragominas. Considerando que o Pará possui a maior área plantada de paricá no Brasil, existe o risco de esses insetos tornarem-se pragas importantes dessa cultura.

doi: 10.4336/2010.pfb.30.61.71

Influencia de los parámetros de proceso, en el comportamiento del parámetro vibración absoluta en turbinas de vapor.

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F. de la Torre Silva

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo muestra el estudio realizado en turbinas de vapor de pequeña capacidad de generación de las centrales termoeléctricas cubanas, relacionadas con la influencia estadística entre parámetros de proceso de la turbina, respecto al parámetro vibración absoluta, medidos en las chumaceras de la turbina. Se utilizan las bases de datos de los sistemas de monitoreado on-line de la turbina. Se exponen las relaciones existentes entre los principales parámetros seleccionados para este estudio.This work show the study in small steam turbine capacity of generation in cubans thermoelectric power station to relative with statistical influence between steam process parameters regarding absolute vibration parameter, in the steam housing measurements. Themselves use database as steam on-line monitoring systems. Expose the existing relation between the principal selection parameters for this study.

Isolation, culture and adenoviral transduction of parietal cells from mouse gastric mucosa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gliddon, Briony L; Nguyen, Nhung V; Gunn, Priscilla A; Gleeson, Paul A; Driel, Ian R van

2008-01-01

Here we describe a method for the isolation of intact gastric glands from mice and primary culture and transfection of mouse gastric epithelial cells. Collagenase digestion of PBS-perfused mouse stomachs released large intact gastric glands that were plated on a basement membrane matrix. The heterogeneous gland cell cultures typically contain ∼60% parietal cells. Isolated mouse parietal cells remain viable in culture for up to 5 days and react strongly with an antibody specific to the gastric H + /K + ATPase. Isolated intact mouse gastric glands and primary cultures of mouse parietal cells respond to the secretagogue, histamine. Typical morphological changes from a resting to an acid-secreting active parietal cell were observed. In resting cultures of mouse parietal cells, the H + /K + ATPase displayed a cytoplasmic punctate staining pattern consistent with tubulovesicle element structures. Following histamine stimulation, an expansion of internal apical vacuole structures was observed together with a pronounced redistribution of the H + /K + ATPase from the cytoplasm to the apical vacuoles. A reproducible procedure to express genes of interest exogenously in these cultures of mouse parietal cells was also established. This method combines recombinant adenoviral transduction with magnetic field-assisted transfection resulting in ∼30% transduced parietal cells. Adenoviral-transduced parietal cells maintain their ability to undergo agonist-induced activation. This protocol will be useful for the isolation, culture and expression of genes in parietal cells from genetically modified mice and as such will be an invaluable tool for studying the complex exocytic and endocytic trafficking events of the H + /K + ATPase which underpin the regulation of acid secretion

Uma contribuição da metodologia Peir para o estudo de uma pequena cidade na Amazônia: Ponta de Pedras, Pará

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Viviana Mendes Lima

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo objetivou analisar a contribuição da metodologia Peir para estudo de uma pequena cidade da Amazônia a partir da análise do modo de vida da população. Como procedimento metodológico procurou-se entender a relação entre aspectos de urbanização conectados à globalização e saúde da população dessa cidade. Foram obtidos dados em campo, os quais permitiram analisar a situação de saúde em dois setores urbanos. A metodologia Pressão-Estado-Impacto-Resposta (Peir, desenvolvida pelo Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente (Pnuma e adaptada pela Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE, servirá de suporte para a compreensão dos impactos na saúde da população a partir do acesso a infraestruturas disponíveis, entre elas o abastecimento de água. O local de estudo é cidade de Ponta de Pedras, situada na Ilha do Marajó, estado do Pará, Brasil. Como resultado nota-se a necessidade de intervenções imediatas por parte do poder público para minimizar os impactos das condições de vulnerabilidade sobre as populações.

Estimación de parámetros en sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias en modelos farmacocinéticos de dos compartimentos

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José Arturo Montoya Laos

2013-12-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta una metodología estadística para estimar parámetros de sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias que modelan la cinética de fármacos en el organismo humano, utilizando modelos de dos compartimentos, los cuales se usan ampliamente en farmacocinética. La necesidad de usar un enfoque estadístico para estimar estos parámetros se debe principalmente a que la cinética de un fármaco varía de un individuo a otro, afectando los valores de los parámetros en el modelo. Se ilustra la metodología y el enfoque estadístico con datos de un estudio realizado en doce individuos, sobre la cinética de la teofilina en sus organismos. El modelo estadístico utilizado supone que para un tiempo dado, las observaciones se modelan con una densidad de probabilidad normal centrada en la solución numérica del sistema y su dispersión cambia en el tiempo, de acuerdo con el valor esperado del proceso. Para estimar los valores de los parámetros se utiliza un enfoque Bayesiano y el sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales se resuelve con un método numérico adecuado.

Parâmetros erosividade da chuva, da enxurrada e da chuva-enxurrada correlacionados com as perdas de solo de um luvissolo

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A. W. Albuquerque

2002-09-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas as correlações lineares simples, múltiplas e não-lineares entre os parâmetros erosividade da chuva, da enxurrada e da chuva-enxurrada e as perdas de solo provocadas por chuvas erosivas num Luvissolo. Os dados correspondentes ao período de 1986-1990 foram obtidos na estação experimental de Sumé (PB, pertencente à Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB. Para determinar os parâmetros erosividade da chuva, da enxurrada e da chuva-enxurrada, foram analisadas chuvas individuais registradas em 136 pluviogramas. O volume de enxurrada isolado ou em combinação com características da chuva contribuiu, de forma significativa, para melhorar a estimativa das perdas de solo de chuvas individuais. Os parâmetros erosividade da chuva-enxurrada a(Vu α I30b; a(Vu α I5b; a(EIAb e da enxurrada a(Vub foram os melhores estimadores das perdas de solo para chuvas individuais. Dentre os parâmetros da erosividade da chuva, os que melhor se correlacionaram com as perdas de solo foram aqueles que incluíram o produto do volume da chuva pela intensidade máxima em trinta minutos a(VrI30.

Origin of parietal podocytes in atubular glomeruli mapped by lineage tracing.

Science.gov (United States)

Schulte, Kevin; Berger, Katja; Boor, Peter; Jirak, Peggy; Gelman, Irwin H; Arkill, Kenton P; Neal, Christopher R; Kriz, Wilhelm; Floege, Jürgen; Smeets, Bart; Moeller, Marcus J

2014-01-01

Parietal podocytes are fully differentiated podocytes lining Bowman's capsule where normally only parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are found. Parietal podocytes form throughout life and are regularly observed in human biopsies, particularly in atubular glomeruli of diseased kidneys; however, the origin of parietal podocytes is unresolved. To assess the capacity of PECs to transdifferentiate into parietal podocytes, we developed and characterized a novel method for creating atubular glomeruli by electrocoagulation of the renal cortex in mice. Electrocoagulation produced multiple atubular glomeruli containing PECs as well as parietal podocytes that projected from the vascular pole and lined Bowman's capsule. Notably, induction of cell death was evident in some PECs. In contrast, Bowman's capsules of control animals and normal glomeruli of electrocoagulated kidneys rarely contained podocytes. PECs and podocytes were traced by inducible and irreversible genetic tagging using triple transgenic mice (PEC- or Pod-rtTA/LC1/R26R). Examination of serial cryosections indicated that visceral podocytes migrated onto Bowman's capsule via the vascular stalk; direct transdifferentiation from PECs to podocytes was not observed. Similar results were obtained in a unilateral ureter obstruction model and in human diseased kidney biopsies, in which overlap of PEC- or podocyte-specific antibody staining indicative of gradual differentiation did not occur. These results suggest that induction of atubular glomeruli leads to ablation of PECs and subsequent migration of visceral podocytes onto Bowman's capsule, rather than transdifferentiation from PECs to parietal podocytes.

Marco de referencia para el desarrollo de un sistema de apoyo para la toma de decisiones para la gestión de inventarios

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Carlos Alberto Castro Zuluaga

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El principal objetivo de este artículo es presentar un marco de referencia para desarrollar un sistema de soporte a la toma de decisiones para la gestión de inventarios que permita definir técnicamente los parámetros de una política de control de inventario específica. El modelo propuesto puede ser utilizado de forma genérica en casi cualquier tipo de industria, el cual incluye las entradas fundamentales, una descripción de los procesos internos requeridos y las salidas esperadas. En la investigación se utilizaron métodos inductivos-deductivos para definir el marco de referencia propuesto, el cual se fundamenta en dos indicadores clave en la gestión de inventario: niveles de servicio y costos. Finalmente, mediante una simulación es posible concluir que utilizando los parámetros teóricos para el modelo de inventario punto de reorden-cantidad fija, que son encontrados por el marco de referencia propuesto, se obtienen aproximadamente los valores esperados tanto de los niveles de servicio como de los costos.

Equilibrios de óxido-reducción. Variación del potencial de un par con el pH. Reacción entre el par dicromato-cromo y yodo-yoduro. Problema interactivo.

OpenAIRE

Milla González, Miguel

2015-01-01

El potencial redox de los oxoaniones oxidantes varía en función de la concentración de protones del medio. Eso le ocurre al par dicromato-cromo(III). Sin embargo, el potencial del par yodo-yoduro es formalmente independiente del pH. En este ejercicio es necesario calcular el pH para el que la reacción entre ambos pares no va teóricamente en ningún sentido.

Software para el cálculo de parámetros en cribas vibratorias de separación bajo el criterio de la velocidad límite de las partículas

OpenAIRE

Arturo Martínez Rodríguez

2009-01-01

Se presenta el manual de usuario del software "CRIBAS" para el cálculo de los principales arámetros de las cribas vibratorias empleadas para la limpieza o clasificación de productos agrícolas. El software posibilita calcular los parámetros adecuados de las cribas vibratorias de manera tal que las partículas que deben pasar a través de los agujeros de la superficie de la criba, no sobrepasen, en su movimiento de avance a lo largo de la criba, la dimensión de dichos agujeros, lo cual se garan...

¡París!

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz Caballero

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El día no le alcanzaba para caminarlo. Conocía cada puente, cada calle,plaza, museo, rincón, iglesia, café, y la mesa con el mejor ángulo para mirar siempre una iglesia, ojalá Saint-Germain-des-Pres, o Notre-Dame. Siempre contaba la impresión que le había causado a Bolívar ver allí cuando el papa coronó a Napoleón. Él se iba para la oficina todos los días, Luis a un taller a pintar, Antonio a estudiar ciencias políticas, yo al colegio y mamá hacía las cosas prácticas. Aprendíamos francés todos al tiempo y por la noche nos contábamos lo nuevo que cada uno había aprendido. Mamá después, cuando ya se quería volver, decía que París nos había maleado a todos. Estaba en pleno furor el cine francés de la "nueva ola", pero ella sólo me llevaba a ver películas de vaqueros pues no se fiaba de la clasificación de los periódicos.

ParABS Systems of the Four Replicons of Burkholderia cenocepacia: New Chromosome Centromeres Confer Partition Specificity†

Science.gov (United States)

Dubarry, Nelly; Pasta, Franck; Lane, David

2006-01-01

Most bacterial chromosomes carry an analogue of the parABS systems that govern plasmid partition, but their role in chromosome partition is ambiguous. parABS systems might be particularly important for orderly segregation of multipartite genomes, where their role may thus be easier to evaluate. We have characterized parABS systems in Burkholderia cenocepacia, whose genome comprises three chromosomes and one low-copy-number plasmid. A single parAB locus and a set of ParB-binding (parS) centromere sites are located near the origin of each replicon. ParA and ParB of the longest chromosome are phylogenetically similar to analogues in other multichromosome and monochromosome bacteria but are distinct from those of smaller chromosomes. The latter form subgroups that correspond to the taxa of their hosts, indicating evolution from plasmids. The parS sites on the smaller chromosomes and the plasmid are similar to the “universal” parS of the main chromosome but with a sequence specific to their replicon. In an Escherichia coli plasmid stabilization test, each parAB exhibits partition activity only with the parS of its own replicon. Hence, parABS function is based on the independent partition of individual chromosomes rather than on a single communal system or network of interacting systems. Stabilization by the smaller chromosome and plasmid systems was enhanced by mutation of parS sites and a promoter internal to their parAB operons, suggesting autoregulatory mechanisms. The small chromosome ParBs were found to silence transcription, a property relevant to autoregulation. PMID:16452432

Intradiploic encephalocele of the left parietal bone: A case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Hyung Sock; Huh, Choon Woong; Kim, Dal Soo; Mok, Jin Ho; Kim, In Soo; Yang, Geun Seok [Myongji St. Mary' s Hospital, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

2015-06-15

Encephaloceles are generally regarded as midline abnormalities. A 50-year-old man presented with a parietal intradiploic encephalocele manifesting as intermittent headache for the past 6 months. Computed tomography (CT) showed bone destruction associated with a left parietal lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated brain herniation within the intradiploic space. Cerebral angiographic imaging showed a normal cerebral vessel pattern within the herniated brain lesion. In this case, surgical treatment may not be necessary in the absence of concurrent symptoms and neurologic deficit. We report the CT, MRI, and angiographic findings of an extremely rare case of parietal intradiploic encephalocele in adulthood.

Intradiploic encephalocele of the left parietal bone: A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Hyung Sock; Huh, Choon Woong; Kim, Dal Soo; Mok, Jin Ho; Kim, In Soo; Yang, Geun Seok

2015-01-01

Encephaloceles are generally regarded as midline abnormalities. A 50-year-old man presented with a parietal intradiploic encephalocele manifesting as intermittent headache for the past 6 months. Computed tomography (CT) showed bone destruction associated with a left parietal lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated brain herniation within the intradiploic space. Cerebral angiographic imaging showed a normal cerebral vessel pattern within the herniated brain lesion. In this case, surgical treatment may not be necessary in the absence of concurrent symptoms and neurologic deficit. We report the CT, MRI, and angiographic findings of an extremely rare case of parietal intradiploic encephalocele in adulthood

Temporal order processing of syllables in the left parietal lobe.

Science.gov (United States)

Moser, Dana; Baker, Julie M; Sanchez, Carmen E; Rorden, Chris; Fridriksson, Julius

2009-10-07

Speech processing requires the temporal parsing of syllable order. Individuals suffering from posterior left hemisphere brain injury often exhibit temporal processing deficits as well as language deficits. Although the right posterior inferior parietal lobe has been implicated in temporal order judgments (TOJs) of visual information, there is limited evidence to support the role of the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) in processing syllable order. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the left inferior parietal lobe is recruited during temporal order judgments of speech stimuli. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected on 14 normal participants while they completed the following forced-choice tasks: (1) syllable order of multisyllabic pseudowords, (2) syllable identification of single syllables, and (3) gender identification of both multisyllabic and monosyllabic speech stimuli. Results revealed increased neural recruitment in the left inferior parietal lobe when participants made judgments about syllable order compared with both syllable identification and gender identification. These findings suggest that the left inferior parietal lobe plays an important role in processing syllable order and support the hypothesized role of this region as an interface between auditory speech and the articulatory code. Furthermore, a breakdown in this interface may explain some components of the speech deficits observed after posterior damage to the left hemisphere.

Analysis of the multimer resolution system encoded by the parCBA operon of broad-host-range plasmid RP4

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eberl, Leo; Sternberg, Claus; Givskov, Michael Christian

1994-01-01

specific sites situated in the promoter region of the parCBA operon. The two ParA proteins that are produced as a result of independent translation initiation at two different start codons within the same open reading frame were overexpressed in Escherichia coli and partially purified. Both forms...

La parálisis cerebral en el contexto escolar /

OpenAIRE

González Vara, Azucena

2012-01-01

Se analiza el concepto de parálisis cerebral, los diferentes tipos y sus características. También las adaptaciones que se deben realizar a nivel de centro, de aula, y a nivel individual para estos alumnos, conocer los diferentes sistemas alternativos y aumentativos de comunicación y aplicar las ayudas técnicas que precisa este alumnado

Aspirin induces morphological transformation to the secretory state in isolated rabbit parietal cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Murthy, U K; Levine, R A

1991-08-01

The morphological response of rabbit parietal cells to aspirin was evaluated by grading several ultra-structural features including the extent of the tubulovesicular system, intracellular secretory canaliculi, and microvilli. After exposure of isolated parietal cells and gastric glands to aspirin or histamine, there was an approximately twofold increase in the ratio of secretory to nonsecretory parietal cells, and depletion of extracellular Ca2+ abolished the aspirin-induced morphological changes. Morphometry in parietal cells showed that aspirin induced a sixfold increase in secretory canalicular membrane elaboration. Aspirin potentiated histamine-induced parietal cell respiration and aminopyrine uptake ratio but did not increase basal respiration or aminopyrine uptake, suggesting an apparent dissociation from aspirin-induced morphological changes.

Parietal epithelial cells: their role in health and disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Romagnani, Paola

2011-01-01

Parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsules were first described by Sir William Bowman in 1842 in his paper On the Structure and Use of the Malpighian Bodies of the Kidney [London, Taylor, 1842], but since then their functions have remained poorly understood. A large body of evidence has recently suggested that parietal epithelial cells represent a reservoir of renal progenitors in adult human kidney which generate novel podocytes during childhood and adolescence, and can regenerate injured podocytes. The discovery that parietal epithelial cells represent a potential source for podocyte regeneration suggests that podocyte injury can be repaired. However, recent results also suggest that an abnormal proliferative response of renal progenitors to podocyte injury can generate hyperplastic glomerular lesions that are observed in crescentic glomerulonephritis and other types of glomerular disorders. Taken together, these results establish an entirely novel view that changes the way of thinking about renal physiology and pathophysiology, and suggest that understanding how self-renewal and fate decision of parietal epithelial cells in response to podocyte injury may be perturbed or modulated will be crucial for obtaining novel tools for prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis. Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Estimación de los parámetros del modelo de Heston. Una aplicación al índice IBEX 35

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Marabel Romo, Jacinto

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se aborda la calibración de los parámetros del modelo de Heston, utilizando datos correspondientes al índice IBEX 35. Uno de los parámetros más importantes del modelo, es el relativo a la volatilidad de la varianza instantánea. Los resultados muestran que la estimación correspondiente a dicho parámetro, obtenida con datos de volatilidad realizada para el período anterior a la crisis financiera iniciada en agosto de 2007, es considerablemente inferior al obtenido calibrando el modelo a las opciones cotizadas para dicho mes. Por el contrario, el valor estimado con los datos de volatilidad realizada posteriores al inicio de la crisis, es similar al obtenido utilizando volatilidades implícitas. Este hecho muestra el problema para la correcta valoración y gestión del riesgo derivado de las opciones, que conlleva la estimación de los parámetros exclusivamente en base a datos históricos, sin considerar las expectativas que incorporan las volatilidades implícitas de mercado

MODELAMIENTO ELECTROMAGNÉTICO DE LOS SISTEMAS ELÉCTRICOS FERROVIARIOS PARA ESTUDIAR SU COMPATIBILIDAD

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PATRICK JOURNEY

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se describe una técnica para determinar los parámetroselectromagnéticos longitudinales y transversales de los rieles de una vía férrea. La técnica está basada en medidas de modo diferencial, así comoen la teoría de las líneas de transmisión. Los resultados han sido utilizados para validar un modelo matemático para estudios de compatibilidad electromagnética y, en particular, para el diseño y la optimización de dispositivos electromagnéticos de señalización. El modelo describe con precisión suficiente los comportamientos de los parámetros longitudinales -resistencia e inductancia- al variar la frecuencia. Los parámetros  transversales - capacidad y conductancia- dependen fuertemente de las condiciones del terreno, y no pueden ser representados con precisión por un modelo meramente electromagnético.

Otimização de Parâmetros do Processo de Soldagem Arco Submerso para Revestimentos Anticorrosivos

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Marcos Mesquita da Silva

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo Neste trabalho foi avaliada a influência das variáveis de soldagem em cordões de solda, aplicados pelo processo Arco Submerso (SAW com corrente convencional, visando futura aplicação em revestimentos metálicos contra corrosão. Segmentos de tubo de um aço API 5L Gr B foram utilizados como substrato, além da utilização de um metal de adição de liga de níquel, diâmetro de 1,13mm, classificação AWS ERNiCrMo-4 (Hastelloy C-276, e um fluxo do tipo neutro, básico e aglomerado (EN 760: SA AF 2 DC. Foram analisadas as variáveis tensão, velocidade de alimentação de arame e distância do bico de contato à peça (DBCP – com o restante dos parâmetros constantes – através de um planejamento fatorial completo em dois níveis e pontos centrais. Os resultados mostraram modelos matemáticos estatisticamente significativos e preditivos para as respostas diluição e corrente média, IM. Porém, para a resposta Reforço/Largura (R/L, o modelo se caracterizou como estatisticamente significativo, não preditivo e contendo uma falta de ajuste. A DBCP, por sua vez, foi a variável que se constituiu como a de maior significância na redução da diluição.

Visuo-spatial construction in patients with frontal and parietal lobe lesions

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Himani Kashyap

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Visuospatial construction, traditionally viewed as a putative parietal function, also requires sustained attention, planning, organization strategies and error correction, and hence frontal lobe mediation. The relative contributions of the frontal and parietal lobes are poorly understood. To examine the contributions of parietal, frontal lobes, as well as right and left cerebral hemispheres to visuospatial construction. The Stick Construction Test for two-dimensional construction and the Block Construction Test for three-dimensional construction were administered pre-surgically to patients with lesions in the parietal lobe (n =9 and the frontal lobe (n=11, along with normal control subjects (n =20 matched to the patients on age (+/- 3 years, gender, education (+/- 3 years and handedness. The patients were significantly slower than the controls on both two-dimensional and three-dimensional tests. Patients with parietal lesions were slower than those with frontal lesions on the test of three-dimensional construction. Within each lobe patients with right and left sided lesions did not differ significantly. It appears that tests of three-dimensional construction might be most sensitive to visuospatial construction deficits. Visuospatial construction involves the mediation of both frontal and parietal lobes. The function does not appear to be lateralized. The networks arising from the parieto-occipital areas and projecting to the frontal cortices (e.g., occipito-frontal fasciculus may be the basis of the mediation of both lobes in visuospatial construction. The present findings need replication from studies with larger sample sizes.

Functional connectivity of parietal cortex during temporal selective attention.

Science.gov (United States)

Tyler, Sarah C; Dasgupta, Samhita; Agosta, Sara; Battelli, Lorella; Grossman, Emily D

2015-04-01

Perception of natural experiences requires allocation of attention towards features, objects, and events that are moving and changing over time. This allocation of attention is controlled by large-scale brain networks that, when damaged, cause widespread cognitive deficits. In particular, damage to ventral parietal cortex (right lateralized TPJ, STS, supramarginal and angular gyri) is associated with failures to selectively attend to and isolate features embedded within rapidly changing visual sequences (Battelli, Pascual-Leone, & Cavanagh, 2007; Husain, Shapiro, Martin, & Kennard, 1997). In this study, we used fMRI to investigate the neural activity and functional connectivity of intact parietal cortex while typical subjects judged the relative onsets and offsets of rapidly flickering tokens (a phase discrimination task in which right parietal patients are impaired). We found two regions in parietal cortex correlated with task performance: a bilateral posterior TPJ (pTPJ) and an anterior right-lateralized TPJ (R aTPJ). Both regions were deactivated when subjects engaged in the task but showed different patterns of functional connectivity. The bilateral pTPJ was strongly connected to nodes within the default mode network (DMN) and the R aTPJ was connected to the attention network. Accurate phase discriminations were associated with increased functional correlations between sensory cortex (hMT+) and the bilateral pTPJ, whereas accuracy on a control task was associated with yoked activity in the hMT+ and the R aTPJ. We conclude that temporal selective attention is particularly sensitive for revealing information pathways between sensory and core cognitive control networks that, when damaged, can lead to nonspatial attention impairments in right parietal stroke patients. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Plataforma para el acceso a servicios desde dispositivos móviles utilizando parámetros de autenticación basados en SIM Card

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Francisco Martínez

2007-11-01

Full Text Available El acceso seguro a servicios desde terminales móviles implica un equilibrio entre el grado de seguridad requerido y las capacidades de los dispositivos, tanto a nivel hardware como de usabilidad. Estas características exigen el diseño de modelos con un esquema simple de autenticación y autorización transparente para los usuarios, que además garantice la integridad de la información que se intercambia. Como respuesta a esta necesidad, el Grupo W@PColombia ha desarrollado la plataforma P3SIM con el objeto de brindar las facilidades necesarias para la construcción de aplicaciones móviles seguras basadas en parámetros SIM./ Services secure access requires a balance between the security level and device hardware and usability capabilities. These features require the design of models with a simple authentication and authorization scheme that also assure the information integrity. To solve this issue, the W@PColombia Group, developed the P3SIM platform in order to mobile applications may include security features based on SIM parameters.

Frequency of antibodies to Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax and Borrelia burdgorferi in cattle from the northeastern region of the state of Pará, Brazil Freqüência de anticorpos para Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax e Borrelia burgdorferi em bovinos do nordeste do Estado do Pará, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel S. Guedes Junior

2008-06-01

, por meio do ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática (ELISA, a freqüência de anticorpos para Babesia bigemina, B. bovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax e Borrelia burgdorferi em bovinos da região nordeste do Estado do Pará, Brasil. Amostras de soro de 246 vacas dos municípios de Castanhal e São Miguel do Guamá foram usadas. ELISAs com antígeno bruto foram utilizados para detector anticorpos contra todos os agentes, exceto para A. marginale, para o qual um ELISA indireto com proteína principal de superfície 1a (MSP1a foi usado. As freqüências de bovinos soropositivos foram: B. bigemina - 99,2%; B. bovis - 98,8%; A. marginale - 68,3%; T. vivax - 93,1% and B. burgdorferi -54,9% As freqüências de bovinos soropositivos para B. bovis e B. bigemina sugerem uma alta taxa de transmissão desses organismos por carrapatos, na região estudada, a qual pode ser classificada com sendo de estabilidade enzoótica para os hemoparasitos. A baixa freqüência de bovinos soropositivos para A. marginale pode ser atribuída a uma menor sensibilidade do ELISA com antígeno recombinante, ou uma menor taxa de inoculação da riquétsia pelos carrapatos, quando comparada àquelas observadas para Babesia sp. A alta freqüência de bovinos soropositivos para T. vivax indica que esse hemoprotozoário é prevalente em rebanhos do nordeste do Estado do Pará. O percentual de animais com anticorpos homólogos para B. burgdorferi indica a presenças deste espiroquetídeo transmitido por carrapatos na população de bovinos da região estudada.

Use of colour parameters for roasted coffee assessment Utilização dos parâmetros de cor para avaliação do café torrado

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Natalina Cavaco Bicho

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Fast and non-destructive indicators were evaluated as tools to measure the technological quality of Arabica and Robusta coffee. Accordingly, considering the roasting intensity in highly valuable commercial samples, volume, mass, apparent density, moisture, total ash, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid, and ether extract were characterized. The chromatic parameters L*, C*, Hº were measured using illuminants D65 and C. It was found that in roasted coffee beans, the parameters L*, C*, Hº, and coordinate b* had an antagonist interaction due to an increase in the roasting intensity, whereas after milling, only L* and Hº decreased progressively. Considering that the parameters L* and Hº followed similar patterns using both illuminants, D65 and C, it can be concluded that they are appropriate to evaluate coffee colour changes during roasting, enabling a relationship with coffee quality.Avaliaram-se indicadores não destrutivos e de execução rápida, para aferir a qualidade tecnológica de cafés Arábica e Robusta. Neste contexto, considerando a intensidade da torra em amostras com elevado interesse comercial, caracterizaram-se o volume, massa, densidade aparente, umidade, cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido clorídrico e do extrato etéreo. Foram então analisados os parâmetros cromáticos L*, C*, Hº utilizando os iluminantes D65 e C. Verificou-se que em grãos de café torrado os parâmetros L*, C*, Hº e a coordenada b* mostraram uma interação antagônica face ao acréscimo da intensidade da torra, enquanto, após a moagem, apenas o L* e o Hº decresceram progressivamente. Considerando que a coordenada L* não variou significativamente com a aplicação dos dois iluminantes, concluiu-se que este parâmetro é o mais adequado para estudar a evolução da cor durante a torra, permitindo ainda estabelecer uma correlação com a qualidade.

Metodología de Evaluación de Eye-trackers como Dispositivos de Acceso Alternativo para Personas con Parálisis Cerebral

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A. Clemotte

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Los procedimientos de evaluación de los sistemas alternativos de acceso al ordenador son poco rigurosos, sistemáticos y formales. Este trabajo presenta una metodología para la valoración de la interacción usuario-ordenador, cuando los sistemas de eye-tracking son utilizados como herramienta de acceso alternativo al ordenador por personas con Parálisis Cerebral (PC. Para ello, proponemos tres métricas de evaluación: tasa de fallos de calibración, tasa de error en el clic y tiempo de clic. Validamos la metodología, comparando 3 (tres eye- trackers, con 9 (nueve participantes con PC con trastornos motores severos. Los resultados indican que la calibración es un proceso crítico en estos escenarios como refleja la alta tasa de fallos de calibración medida. Los participantes con PC también tienen una alta tasa de error del clic, lo que indica que el uso de eye-trackers para alcanzar un objeto en pantalla es un proceso complejo para estos niveles de discapacidad motriz. Los tiempos de clics son similares entre todos los eye-trackers y participantes. Este trabajo pretende establecer líneas metodológicas para la efectiva evaluación de estos dispositivos, que pueden llegar a ser una interesante alternativa de acceso al ordenador para esta población. Abstract: The procedures for evaluating alternative computer access systems are neither rigorous, systematic nor formal. We present a methodology to evaluate the user-computer interaction, based on three metrics, when people with cerebral palsy (CP use eye- trackers as an alternative access device. We validated the methodology by comparing three commercial eye-trackers with nine participants seriously affected by CP. The results indicate that the calibration is a very critical process in these scenarios because of the high rate of calibration failures measured. The participants with CP also have a high click error rate, indicating that using eye

Measures and modelling of PAR (photosynthetically-active radiation) for the Northeast of Brazil; Medidas e modelagem da radiacao PAR (photosynthetically-active radiation) para o nordeste do Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tiba, Chigueru; Leal, Sergio da S.A. [Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Energia Nuclear], e-mail: tiba@rce.neoline.com.br

2004-07-01

Photosynthetically active solar radiation, known by its acronym in the English language as PAR, is the principal driving force of innumerable biological and physical processes related to biomass production, such as, the evolution of vegetal covering, agricultural productivity, and countless environment aspects, among others. Unfortunately in Brazil and particularly in the Northeast of Brazil, the PAR radiation measures are not a routine part of meteorological station measures, and therefore are still rarer than solar irradiation measures. In this context, a station was installed in Recife, Pernambuco in 2003, to carry out simultaneous measures of daily solar irradiation and PAR irradiation, which permits the modelling and valuation of the relationship between these two parameters and thus makes the estimation of PAR radiation possible, where there used to be only information on solar irradiation. Three others stations are being installed, one on Fernando de Noronha-PE, another in Pesqueira-PE, and the other in Xingo-SE, which complete a group of 4 between Latitudes 8 deg and 10 deg South and Longitudes 34 deg to 38 deg West, each having differentiated Equatorial Climates: island maritime, continental maritime, sylvan (Agreste) and semi-arid. (author)

Distinct Oscillatory Frequencies Underlie Excitability of Human Occipital and Parietal Cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Samaha, Jason; Gosseries, Olivia; Postle, Bradley R

2017-03-15

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of human occipital and posterior parietal cortex can give rise to visual sensations called phosphenes. We used near-threshold TMS with concurrent EEG recordings to measure how oscillatory brain dynamics covary, on single trials, with the perception of phosphenes after occipital and parietal TMS. Prestimulus power and phase, predominantly in the alpha band (8-13 Hz), predicted occipital TMS phosphenes, whereas higher-frequency beta-band (13-20 Hz) power (but not phase) predicted parietal TMS phosphenes. TMS-evoked responses related to phosphene perception were similar across stimulation sites and were characterized by an early (200 ms) posterior negativity and a later (>300 ms) parietal positivity in the time domain and an increase in low-frequency (∼5-7 Hz) power followed by a broadband decrease in alpha/beta power in the time-frequency domain. These correlates of phosphene perception closely resemble known electrophysiological correlates of conscious perception of near-threshold visual stimuli. The regionally differential pattern of prestimulus predictors of phosphene perception suggests that distinct frequencies may reflect cortical excitability in occipital versus posterior parietal cortex, calling into question the broader assumption that the alpha rhythm may serve as a general index of cortical excitability. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alpha-band oscillations are thought to reflect cortical excitability and are therefore ascribed an important role in gating information transmission across cortex. We probed cortical excitability directly in human occipital and parietal cortex and observed that, whereas alpha-band dynamics indeed reflect excitability of occipital areas, beta-band activity was most predictive of parietal cortex excitability. Differences in the state of cortical excitability predicted perceptual outcomes (phosphenes), which were manifest in both early and late patterns of evoked activity, revealing the time

parámetros en híbridos de populus

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O. S. Vallejos-Barra

2007-01-01

Full Text Available La variable diámetro a la altura del pecho, medido a 1.3 m desde el suelo (DAP es lognormal si log(DAP-θ se distribuye normalmente. Para simplificar el ajuste de esta función de densidad de probabilidad (fdp se supone que el parámetro de localización (θ es cero en híbridos de Populus; sin embargo, en algunos casos esta simplificación no asegura el mejor ajuste de la fdp, incidiendo en la representación de la estructura horizontal de los híbridos. El objetivo de la investigación fue calcular el parámetro θ que proporcione el mejor ajuste de la fdp lognormal del DAP en los híbridos I-488 e I-63/51. Para este cálculo se utilizó un algoritmo de búsqueda binaria, que minimizó el estadístico Dn de la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. 38 % de las parcelas presentó un parámetro θ distinto de cero, originando una mejoría del valor de probabilidad (P entre 0.02 y 55.4 %. Se hizo un análisis de varianza no paramétrico de la variable “√n * Dn”, ya que la variable original y múltiples transformaciones no permitieron aceptar los supuestos del análisis paramétrico. El tipo de ajuste presentó diferencias estadísticas altamente significativas con un valor de 17.1 (P0.800 y las edades un valor de 11.2 (P>0.260.

Short parietal lobe connections of the human and monkey brain

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Catani, Marco; Robertsson, Naianna; Beyh, Ahmad

2017-01-01

projections were reconstructed for both species and results compared to identify similarities or differences in tract anatomy (i.e., trajectories and cortical projections). In addition, post-mortem dissections were performed in a human brain. The largest tract identified in both human and monkey brains...... and angular gyri of the inferior parietal lobule in humans but only to the supramarginal gyrus in the monkey brain. The third tract connects the postcentral gyrus to the anterior region of the superior parietal lobule and is more prominent in monkeys compared to humans. Finally, short U-shaped fibres...... and monkeys with some differences for those areas that have cytoarchitectonically distinct features in humans. The overall pattern of intraparietal connectivity supports the special role of the inferior parietal lobule in cognitive functions characteristic of humans....

Modulation of fronto-parietal connections during the rubber hand illusion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Karabanov, Anke Ninija; Ritterband-Rosenbaum, Anina; Christensen, Mark Schram

2017-01-01

Accumulating evidence suggests that parieto-frontal connections play a role in adjusting body ownership during the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). Using a motor version of the rubber hand illusion paradigm, we applied single-site and dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate...... and during three RHI conditions: a) agency and ownership, b) agency but no ownership and c) neither agency nor ownership. Parietal-motor communication differed among experimental conditions. The induction of action ownership was associated with an inhibitory parietal-to-motor connectivity, which...... cortico-spinal and parietal-frontal connectivity during perceived rubber hand ownership. Healthy volunteers received a conditioning TMS pulse over left anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS) and a test TMS pulse over left primary motor cortex (M1). Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) were recorded at rest...

Overlapping Parietal Activity in Memory and Perception: Evidence for the Attention to Memory Model

Science.gov (United States)

Cabeza, Roberto; Mazuz, Yonatan S.; Stokes, Jared; Kragel, James E.; Woldorff, Marty G.; Ciaramelli, Elisa; Olson, Ingrid R.; Moscovitch, Morris

2011-01-01

The specific role of different parietal regions to episodic retrieval is a topic of intense debate. According to the Attention to Memory (AtoM) model, dorsal parietal cortex (DPC) mediates top-down attention processes guided by retrieval goals, whereas ventral parietal cortex (VPC) mediates bottom-up attention processes captured by the retrieval…

Tratamiento acupuntural vs parálisis facial periférica de Bell

OpenAIRE

Paz Latorre, Elvia Isabel

1998-01-01

Se realizó un ensayo clínico sobre la efectividad del tratamiento acupuntural en 170 pacientes afectados de Parálisis Facial Periférica de Bell que acudieron a la clínica de Medicina Natural ¨ Carlos J. Finlay ¨ en el período comprendido entre enero y julio 1996. La muestra se divide en dos grupos: control y de estudio, con 85 pacientes cada uno. Los tratamientos empleados fueron esteroides para el grupo control y acupuntura para el grupo estudio con el objetivo de comparar los resultados de ...

Furrow Irrigation Management and Design Criteria Using Efficiency Parameters and Simulation Models Criterios para Manejo y Diseño de Riego por Surcos Utilizando Parámetros de Eficiencia y Modelos de Simulación

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Eduardo A. Holzapfel

2010-06-01

Full Text Available This study analyzes the relationship between the variables of furrow irrigation and the irrigation performance parameters, crop yield, and deep percolation as a basis for furrow irrigation design and management. Application efficiency (AE, requirement efficiency (RE, requirement distribution efficiency (RDE, total distribution efficiency (TDE, and furrow irrigation management, operation, and design variables (inflow discharge, furrow length, and irrigation cutoff time were correlated. The relationship between performance irrigation parameters and relative yield was also examined. In addition, environmental aspects related to leaching and runoff were also presented for each of the parameters. Study results indicate that increasing the length of the furrow reduces RE, RDE, and TDE values. However, an increase in inflow discharge and cutoff time increases efficiency. In contrast, an increase in furrow length increases AE while an increase in inflow discharge and cutoff time reduces it. Unlike AE, RE, RDE, and TDE parameters are well-correlated with relative yield. TDE and AE are recommended parameters for the design, management, and operation of furrow irrigation systems, in order to establish good irrigation practices, and to prevent contamination.El presente artículo analiza la relación entre las variables de riego por surcos y los parámetros que determinan la calidad del riego, producción, y percolación profunda como base para el diseño y manejo del riego por surcos. Se ha realizado la correlación entre la eficiencia de aplicación (AE, eficiencia de requerimiento (RE, eficiencia de distribución del requerimiento (RDE, eficiencia de distribución total (TDE, y las variables de manejo, operación y diseño de riego por surcos (caudal, longitud de surco y tiempo de corte de riego. También se ha examinado la relación entre los parámetros que determinan la calidad de riego y la producción relativa. Además, se presentan para cada uno de

Differentiated parietal connectivity of frontal regions for "what" and "where" memory.

Science.gov (United States)

Rottschy, C; Caspers, S; Roski, C; Reetz, K; Dogan, I; Schulz, J B; Zilles, K; Laird, A R; Fox, P T; Eickhoff, S B

2013-11-01

In a previous meta-analysis across almost 200 neuroimaging experiments, working memory for object location showed significantly stronger convergence on the posterior superior frontal gyrus, whereas working memory for identity showed stronger convergence on the posterior inferior frontal gyrus (dorsal to, but overlapping with Brodmann's area BA 44). As similar locations have been discussed as part of a dorsal frontal-superior parietal reach system and an inferior frontal grasp system, the aim of the present study was to test whether the regions of working-memory related "what" and "where" processing show a similar distinction in parietal connectivity. The regions that were found in the previous meta-analysis were used as seeds for functional connectivity analyses using task-based meta-analytic connectivity modelling and task-independent resting state correlations. While the ventral seed showed significantly stronger connectivity with the bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS), the dorsal seed showed stronger connectivity with the bilateral posterior inferior parietal and the medial superior parietal lobule. The observed connections of regions involved in memory for object location and identity thus clearly demonstrate a distinction into separate pathways that resemble the parietal connectivity patterns of the dorsal and ventral premotor cortex in non-human primates and humans. It may hence be speculated that memory for a particular location and reaching towards it as well as object memory and finger positioning for manipulation may rely on shared neural systems. Moreover, the ensuing regions, in turn, featured differential connectivity with the bilateral ventral and dorsal extrastriate cortex, suggesting largely segregated bilateral connectivity pathways from the dorsal visual cortex via the superior and inferior parietal lobules to the dorsal posterior frontal cortex and from the ventral visual cortex via the IPS to the ventral posterior frontal cortex that may

Secuencias repetidas en el genoma de Echinococcus granulosus : Su utilización para la detección del parásito y estudios de variabilidad genética

OpenAIRE

Rosenzvit, Mara Cecilia

2000-01-01

Para determinar las cepas del parásito existentes en nuestro país, se analizaron quistes hidatidicos provenientes de distintos huéspedes intermediarios y zonas geográficas, mediante el estudio de polimorfismo de longitud de fragmentos de restricción de un gen nuclear y la secuenciación de dos genes mitocondriales. Se detectó la presencia de cuatro cepas: oveja, oveja de Tasmania, camello y cerdo, determinándose además que las tres primeras pueden infectar al hombre. Se realizaron experimentos...

Diseño e Implementación de un Sistema de Seguimiento de Parámetros Ambientales en Plantaciones de Cafe

OpenAIRE

Abad Alameda, Ana Sofía

2016-01-01

Este trabajo plantea el diseño e implementación de un sistema de medición y monitoreo remoto basado, principalmente, en la instalación y operación de una estación meteorológica automática, para el seguimiento remoto de las condiciones ambientales bajo las cuales crece una plantación de café. La estación está dotada con los sensores correspondientes, para medir los parámetros del ambiente (Temperatura, Humedad Relativa, Radiación Solar y Lluvia), parámetros del suelo (Temperatura y Humedad del...

Os Parâmetros curriculares nacionais para o ensino médio e a submissão ao mundo produtivo: o caso do conceito de contextualização

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Lopes Alice Casimiro

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, procura-se demonstrar que o processo de produção de um discurso curricular híbrido nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio tem por finalidade a inserção social no mundo produtivo. Tal finalidade limita a dimensão cultural da educação. Como exemplo da produção desse discurso híbrido, são analisadas as ambigüidades expressas pelo conceito de contextualização no conhecimento oficial. Essas ambigüidades são entendidas como ressignificando discursos curriculares acadêmicos. Defende-se neste artigo que tais ambigüidades são uma forma de se legitimar os parâmetros junto a diferentes grupos sociais. Tais idéias são desenvolvidas com base nos conceitos de recontextualização (Bernstein e de hibridismo (Canclini.

Significance of parietal projection in radiosotope scintigraphy of the brain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fomchenkov, E.P.

1978-01-01

The diagnostic value of the isotope scintigraphy of the brain in the parieal projection with the change of the dip angle of the gamma-chamber detector to the plane of the physiological horizontal was revealed. The observation was made on 100 patients with suspected presence of the volumetric process of the brain. Three variants of placing were studied: the parietal projection - standard (collimator plane parallel to the plane of physiological horizontal and strictly perpendicular to the sagittal plane); the placing with an angle of 30 deg between the detector plane and the physiological horizontal, opened at the front (posterio-parietal); placing with an angle of 30 deg between the detector plane and the physiological horizontal opened at the back (anterio-parietal). A comparative analysis of scintigrams with focal processes of the brain showed the largest informativeness of the proposed modification of the parietal projection in the form of a change of the dip angle of the gamma-chamber detector plane to the plane of the physiological horizontal opened at the back; this makes it possible to reveal more thoroughly the focus of the increased, pathological accumulation of the isotope in different parts of the skull, where the use of as standard placing is of small informativeness

Efectos de las terapias ecuestres en personas con parálisis cerebral

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Augusto Jiménez de la Fuente

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del artículo es revisar la literatura científica existente a fin de comprobar los efectos de las terapias ecuestres en personas con parálisis cerebral. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos de Medline (PubMed, Dialnet, Scopus, Sportdiscus y Web of Science, estableciendo como criterios de inclusión para seleccionar los estudios clínicos por revisar que estos hubieran sido publicados entre 2001 y 2016, en castellano o inglés. Asimismo, se rechazaron aquellos en los que los sujetos recibieran una combinación de tratamientos farmacológicos. Se revisaron un total de 68 artículos, de los cuales 20 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se analizaron la población objeto de estudio, el tipo de tratamiento, la temporalización y los resultados obtenidos. En general, se observan beneficios significativos en el uso de las terapias ecuestres como tratamiento para personas con parálisis cerebral.

Acceso a la lectoescritura de los alumnos con parálisis cerebral

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Javier Martín Betanzos

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza las condiciones en que se produce el acceso a la lectoescritura de los alumnos con parálisis cerebral. Trata de profundizar en el conocimiento de cómo se lleva a cabo este proceso, deteniéndose en aquellos factores que pueden obstaculizar y caracterizar las condiciones peculiares, tanto de las personas como de los procesos. El acercamiento a este realidad quedaría incompleto si no se tratara de dar unas pautas para que la adquisición del proceso lectoescritor se realice en las mejores condiciones; pretensión esta de cierta dificultad, ya que la parálisis cerebral es un entidad muy compleja. Se exponen las pautas y dificultades relativas al aprender a leer; leer para aprender es un proceso subsiguiente a la alfabetización básica y es el vehículo fundamental del aprendizaje reglado que, por su complejidad y extensión, sería objeto de otro artículo por exceder el propósito de este.

Determinación de propiedades físicas y parámetros de transporte a colas auríferas de mina El Limón

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J. Ramírez

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Los parámetros de transporte de colas mineras y otras propiedades físicas, tales como permeabilidad intrínseca, distribución de tamaño de partículas, porosidad y densidad fueron determinados experimentalmente. Se realizaron experimentos de infiltración en columnas de laboratorio con el fin de determinar; la conductividad hidráulica, las propiedades capilares y estudiar el comportamiento hidrodinámico de las colas auríferas. También se hizo uso de un modelo matemático para simular la infiltración isotérmica unidimensional y ajustar los perfiles experimentales, con el propósito de determinar los parámetros de transporte que describen el proceso de infiltración. Aunque los experimentos se realizaron con diferentes grados de compactación, se obtuvieron parámetros con una coherencia razonable para describir la conductividad hidráulica y las propiedades capilares de las colas por este método. Estos parámetros fueron usados en un modelo simple para simular el lavado con agua del cianuro contenido en las colas auríferas.

Amostragem seqüencial com base na lei de Taylor para levantamento de Spodoptera frugiperda na cultura do milho

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Farias Paulo Roberto Silva

2001-01-01

Full Text Available A lagarta do cartucho do milho é uma das principais pragas do milho nas Américas, podendo ocorrer durante todos os estágios de crescimento da cultura, causando perdas de 15 a 37% na produção. Neste trabalho estudou-se a distribuição espacial dessa praga no campo, com a finalidade de desenvolver um sistema de amostragem para estimar sua densidade populacional. Na área cultivada com milho foram selecionados 3 campos experimentais de 40 m x 250 m cada, divididos em 100 parcelas cada. Foram contados o número de lagartas pequenas e grandes de S. frugiperda nas folhas e no cartucho das plantas, em 10 plantas ao acaso por parcela, num total de 1000 plantas por campo, em 5, 5 e 4 datas de amostragem, respectivamente. Lagartas menores que 1 cm eram consideradas pequenas e lagartas maiores que 1 cm, grandes. Foram estimados os parâmetros da lei de Taylor, sendo as estimativas dos parâmetros das regressões altamente significativas para todas as categorias larvais. O parâmetro b da lei de Taylor para lagarta pequena foi igual a 1,57, indicando que a forma de distribuição dessa categoria larval é agregada. Para lagartas grandes o parâmetro b foi igual a 0,79, o que conduz a um tipo de distribuição tendendo para aleatoriedade. Para o número total de lagartas os resultados são equivalentes aos obtidos para lagartas pequenas. Foi desenvolvido um plano de amostragem seqüencial com base nos parâmetros da lei de Taylor.

Predicting oculomotor behaviour from correlated populations of posterior parietal neurons.

Science.gov (United States)

Graf, Arnulf B A; Andersen, Richard A

2015-01-23

Oculomotor function critically depends on how signals representing saccade direction and eye position are combined across neurons in the lateral intraparietal (LIP) area of the posterior parietal cortex. Here we show that populations of parietal neurons exhibit correlated variability, and that using these interneuronal correlations yields oculomotor predictions that are more accurate and also less uncertain. The structure of LIP population responses is therefore essential for reliable read-out of oculomotor behaviour.

The structure of the parietal pleura and its relationship to pleural liquid dynamics in sheep.

Science.gov (United States)

Albertine, K H; Wiener-Kronish, J P; Staub, N C

1984-03-01

We studied the parietal pleura of six sheep to obtain information on pleural structure, blood supply, and lymphatic drainage. In the strict sense, the parietal pleura is composed of a single layer of mesothelial cells and a uniform layer of loose, irregular connective tissue (about 23 micron in width) subjacent to the mesothelial cells. The parietal pleural blood vessels are 10-15 micron from the pleural space. Tracer substances put in the pleural space are removed at specific locations. Colloidal carbon and chick red blood cells are cleared by the parietal pleural lymphatics located over the intercostal spaces at the caudal end of the thoracic wall and over the lateral sides of the pericardial sac. In these areas the mesothelial cells have specialized openings, the stomata, that directly communicate with the underlying lymphatic lacunae. Cells and particulate matter in the pleural space are cleared only by the parietal pleural lymphatics. Compared to the visceral pleura, we believe the thinness of the parietal pleura, the closeness of its blood vessels to the pleural space, and its specialized lymphatic clearance pathways, together indicate that the parietal pleura plays a major role in pleural liquid and protein dynamics in sheep.

Efecto de un programa de fisioterapia para la mejora de la marcha en la parálisis cerebral diparética espástica: estudio de caso

OpenAIRE

Huguet Rodríguez, Marta

2013-01-01

Introducción: La Parálisis Cerebral es una de las causas de discapacidad física más grave en la población infantil y engloba un conjunto de trastornos del movimiento y la postura, no progresivos que ocurrieron en el cerebro en un estado de desarrollo, en el periodo prenatal, perinatal o postnatal. Su incidencia en los países desarrollados es de 2-2,5 por cada 1.000 nacidos vivos. Para mejorar su funcionalidad, autonomía y calidad de vida, se requiere la intervención de un equipo multidiscipli...

Desenvolvimento dos Parâmetros do Processo de Soldagem por Atrito com Pino Não Consumível para o Aço de Alta Resistência e Baixa Liga ISO 3183 X80M

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Tahiana F. C. Hermenegildo

Full Text Available Resumo Sabe-se que as velocidades de soldagem e rotacional, força axial, ângulo de inclinação e desenho da ferramenta são as principais variáveis de entrada independentes, que são utilizadas para controlar o processo de soldagem por atrito com pino não consumível, e que a taxa de geração de calor, taxa de resfriamento, força na direção de soldagem e o torque são as variáveis de resposta, que irão influenciar na evolução microestrutural e desempenho mecânico da junta soldada. Neste trabalho foi feito um estudo do comportamento destas variáveis visando o desenvolvimento de parâmetros para o aço API 5L X80 (ISO 3183 X80M. Para tanto, chapas com 12 mm de espessura, foram soldadas através de dois passes, utilizando ferramenta de nitreto de boro cúbico policristalino. Observou-se que, mantendo-se a velocidade de soldagem constante, o aumento da velocidade rotacional e /ou da força axial, tende a reduzir as forças reativas e o torque atuantes durante o processo pelo aumento da taxa de geração de calor. Por outro lado, mantendo-se essas variáveis constantes, o aumento da velocidade de soldagem tende a aumentar as forças e o torque, uma vez que para o aço, este parâmeto desempenha um papel significativo na taxa de geração de calor durante o processo.

Predição de Séries Temporais de parâmetros de Rede WCDMA – HSPA

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Tiago dos Santos Bezerra

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Em telecomunicações, com o crescimento da demanda de tráfego de dados nas redes de terceira geração (3G, as operadoras de telefonia móvel têm atentado para o direcionamento dos recursos em infraestrutura nos locais onde se identifica maior necessidade. O direcionamento desses investimentos tem o objetivo de manter a qualidade do serviço prestado, principalmente, em regiões urbanas densas. Neste trabalho, é realizada a predição de séries temporais em redes HSPA – WCDMA dos parâmetros: potência recebida (Rx Power, potência de código do sinal recebido (Received Signal Code Power – RSCP, relação energia por chip em função da interferência (Energy per chip/Interference – Ec/Io e taxa de transmissão (throughput na camada física. A coleta dos valores dos parâmetros foi realizada numa rede em pleno funcionamento através de um drive test na cidade de Natal – RN. O modelo utilizado para predição das séries temporais foi o Modelo de Alisamento Exponencial de Holt. O objetivo das predições das séries temporais é verificar para quais parâmetros da rede HSPA – WCDMA o modelo de Holt melhor se adequou.

Abstract Representations of Object-Directed Action in the Left Inferior Parietal Lobule.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Quanjing; Garcea, Frank E; Jacobs, Robert A; Mahon, Bradford Z

2018-06-01

Prior neuroimaging and neuropsychological research indicates that the left inferior parietal lobule in the human brain is a critical substrate for representing object manipulation knowledge. In the present functional MRI study we used multivoxel pattern analyses to test whether action similarity among objects can be decoded in the inferior parietal lobule independent of the task applied to objects (identification or pantomime) and stimulus format in which stimuli are presented (pictures or printed words). Participants pantomimed the use of objects, cued by printed words, or identified pictures of objects. Classifiers were trained and tested across task (e.g., training data: pantomime; testing data: identification), stimulus format (e.g., training data: word format; testing format: picture) and specific objects (e.g., training data: scissors vs. corkscrew; testing data: pliers vs. screwdriver). The only brain region in which action relations among objects could be decoded across task, stimulus format and objects was the inferior parietal lobule. By contrast, medial aspects of the ventral surface of the left temporal lobe represented object function, albeit not at the same level of abstractness as actions in the inferior parietal lobule. These results suggest compulsory access to abstract action information in the inferior parietal lobe even when simply identifying objects.

Colonos maranhenses e vida rural no interior do Pará, décadas de 1970-80

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Francivaldo Alves Nunes

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem a preocupação de analisar uma das experiências de colonização vivenciadas por colonos maranhenses que migraram para o Pará nas décadas de 1970 e 1980. Diante de um conjunto de depoimentos expressos por colonos que atuaram neste processo, buscamos entender o fenômeno da migração e colonização das terras do Pará, marcado pelo desafio de ocupar terras em que a floresta se constituía como paisagem predominante. É também um exercício de compreender as ações de homens e mulheres que no exercício de lidar com a terra e floresta constroem experiências de vida, estabelecem relações e asseguram a sobrevivência. Os deslocamentos, as ações de solidariedades e companheirismo, os conflitos entre os colonos e a busca por novas terras são questões também reveladas pelas experiências de migrantes maranhenses. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Migração, Pará rural, trabalho.   ABSTRACT: This article is concerned with analysis of the settlement experiences of Maranhão by settlers who migrated to Para in the 1970s and 1980s. Faced with a set of statements expressed by settlers who acted in this process, we seek to understand the phenomenon of migration and colonization of the lands of Para, marked by the challenge of occupying land where the forest is constituted as the predominant landscape. It is also an exercise to understand the actions of men and women in the exercise to deal with land and forest build life experiences, establish relationships and ensure survival. Displacements, actions of solidarity and companionship, conflicts between the settlers and the search for new lands are also issues revealed by the experiences of Maranhão migrants. KEYWORDS: Migration, agrarian Pará, work.   RESUMEN: Este artículo es la preocupación con el análisis de las experiencias de solución de Maranhão de los colonos que emigraron en los años 1970 y 1980. Trasero a uno conjunto de declaraciones expresso por los colonos que actuaron en

Anestesia para craniotomia em paciente acordado: relato de caso

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Nelson Davi Bolzani

2013-12-01

Full Text Available JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Alguns procedimentos intracranianos são possíveis com pacientes acordados e os desafios vão da cooperação do paciente até a homeostasia. O objetivo é apresentar um caso de cirurgia intracraniana para exérese de tumor em lobo parietal esquerdo com o paciente em estado vígil. RELATO DE CASO: Após seleção do paciente e preparo psicológico, foi esclarecida e aceita a proposta de exérese de lesão parietal esquerda em estado vígil. Administraram-se propofol e remifentanil em perfusão contínua para manter o escore de Ramsay entre 2-3. Foi feito um bloqueio bilateral do escalpo com ropivacaína. Foi instalado o fixador de Mayfield e os campos cirúrgicos foram ajustados para manter vias aéreas e olhos acessíveis para o mapeamento com eletroestimulação e exérese da lesão. Para incisão da dura-máter foi aplicada uma compressa com lidocaína 2% por três minutos. A cirurgia transcorreu sem intercorrências. O paciente recebeu alta hospitalar no sétimo dia de internação sem apresentar complicação. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de ser um desafio manter analgesia e estabilidade hemodinâmica com o paciente acordado, a infusão alvo-controlada do propofol estabeleceu o nível de consciência desejado; a do remifentanil titulou a analgesia e a sedação sem o acúmulo da droga e o bloqueio com a ropivacaína, uma analgesia satisfatória. Concluímos que a técnica anestésica foi satisfatória para nosso paciente.

Soroprevalência de infecções por vírus da hepatite B e vírus da hepatite C em indivíduos do Estado do Pará Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections among individuals in the State of Pará

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José Américo Aquino

2008-08-01

Full Text Available As hepatites B e C continuam sendo um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Neste estudo, determinou-se a prevalência de marcadores sorológicos para as hepatites B e C em indivíduos do Estado do Pará, atendidos no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Pará, no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2005. Foram realizados 11.282 exames para a pesquisa do HBsAg, 2.342 para o anti-HBc e 5.542 para o anti-vírus da hepatite C. A prevalência de HBsAg foi de 3,6% e predominou na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, enquanto que o anti-HBc foi observado em 37,7% dos indivíduos. A prevalência do antivírus da hepatite C foi de 3,6% e predominou entre indivíduos acima de 50 anos. Assim, as freqüências dos marcadores encontradas no Pará foram mais altas que em vários outros estados do país, sugerindo a necessidade de medidas de saúde publica mais eficazes no combate a estes agravos na região.Hepatitis B and C continue to be important public health problems in Brazil. In this study, the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in individuals from the State of Pará, attended at the Central Public Health Laboratory of Pará between January 2002 and December 2005, was determined. 11,282 tests to investigate HBsAg, 2,342 for anti-HBc and 5,542 for anti-HCV were performed. The prevalence of HBsAg was 3.6% and it was predominantly found in the age range of 20 to 29 years old, while anti-HBC was observed in 37.7% of the subjects. The prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus was 3.6% and it was predominantly found in individuals over 50 years old. Thus, the frequencies of the markers found in Pará were higher than many other states in Brazil, hence suggesting that there is a need for public health measures of greater effectiveness for combating these illnesses in this region.

Patterns of morphological integration between parietal and temporal areas in the human skull.

Science.gov (United States)

Bruner, Emiliano; Pereira-Pedro, Ana Sofia; Bastir, Markus

2017-10-01

Modern humans have evolved bulging parietal areas and large, projecting temporal lobes. Both changes, largely due to a longitudinal expansion of these cranial and cerebral elements, were hypothesized to be the result of brain evolution and cognitive variations. Nonetheless, the independence of these two morphological characters has not been evaluated. Because of structural and functional integration among cranial elements, changes in the position of the temporal poles can be a secondary consequence of parietal bulging and reorientation of the head axis. In this study, we use geometric morphometrics to test the correlation between parietal shape and the morphology of the endocranial base in a sample of adult modern humans. Our results suggest that parietal proportions show no correlation with the relative position of the temporal poles within the spatial organization of the endocranial base. The vault and endocranial base are likely to be involved in distinct morphogenetic processes, with scarce or no integration between these two districts. Therefore, the current evidence rejects the hypothesis of reciprocal morphological influences between parietal and temporal morphology, suggesting that evolutionary spatial changes in these two areas may have been independent. However, parietal bulging exerts a visible effect on the rotation of the cranial base, influencing head position and orientation. This change can have had a major relevance in the reorganization of the head functional axis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Brain activity dynamics in human parietal regions during spontaneous switches in bistable perception.

Science.gov (United States)

Megumi, Fukuda; Bahrami, Bahador; Kanai, Ryota; Rees, Geraint

2015-02-15

The neural mechanisms underlying conscious visual perception have been extensively investigated using bistable perception paradigms. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies suggest that the right anterior superior parietal (r-aSPL) and the right posterior superior parietal lobule (r-pSPL) have opposite roles in triggering perceptual reversals. It has been proposed that these two areas are part of a hierarchical network whose dynamics determine perceptual switches. However, how these two parietal regions interact with each other and with the rest of the brain during bistable perception is not known. Here, we investigated such a model by recording brain activity using fMRI while participants viewed a bistable structure-from-motion stimulus. Using dynamic causal modeling (DCM), we found that resolving such perceptual ambiguity was specifically associated with reciprocal interactions between these parietal regions and V5/MT. Strikingly, the strength of bottom-up coupling between V5/MT to r-pSPL and from r-pSPL to r-aSPL predicted individual mean dominance duration. Our findings are consistent with a hierarchical predictive coding model of parietal involvement in bistable perception and suggest that visual information processing underlying spontaneous perceptual switches can be described as changes in connectivity strength between parietal and visual cortical regions. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

FooPar

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hargreaves, F. P.; Merkle, D.

2013-01-01

We present FooPar, an extension for highly efficient Parallel Computing in the multi-paradigm programming language Scala. Scala offers concise and clean syntax and integrates functional programming features. Our framework FooPar combines these features with parallel computing techniques. Foo......, results based on a empirical analysis on two supercomputers are given. We achieve close-to-optimal performance wrt. theoretical peak performance. Based on this result we conclude that FooPar allows programmers to fully access Scalas design features without suffering from performance drops when compared...

Sex-dependent age modulation of frontostriatal and temporo-parietal activation during cognitive control.

Science.gov (United States)

Christakou, Anastasia; Halari, Rozmin; Smith, Anna B; Ifkovits, Eve; Brammer, Mick; Rubia, Katya

2009-10-15

Developmental functional imaging studies of cognitive control show progressive age-related increase in task-relevant fronto-striatal activation in male development from childhood to adulthood. Little is known, however, about how gender affects this functional development. In this study, we used event related functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine effects of sex, age, and their interaction on brain activation during attentional switching and interference inhibition, in 63 male and female adolescents and adults, aged 13 to 38. Linear age correlations were observed across all subjects in task-specific frontal, striatal and temporo-parietal activation. Gender analysis revealed increased activation in females relative to males in fronto-striatal areas during the Switch task, and laterality effects in the Simon task, with females showing increased left inferior prefrontal and temporal activation, and males showing increased right inferior prefrontal and parietal activation. Increased prefrontal activation clusters in females and increased parietal activation clusters in males furthermore overlapped with clusters that were age-correlated across the whole group, potentially reflecting more mature prefrontal brain activation patterns for females, and more mature parietal activation patterns for males. Gender by age interactions further supported this dissociation, revealing exclusive female-specific age correlations in inferior and medial prefrontal brain regions during both tasks, and exclusive male-specific age correlations in superior parietal (Switch task) and temporal regions (Simon task). These findings show increased recruitment of age-correlated prefrontal activation in females, and of age-correlated parietal activation in males, during tasks of cognitive control. Gender differences in frontal and parietal recruitment may thus be related to gender differences in the neurofunctional maturation of these brain regions.

Dissociation of Subtraction and Multiplication in the Right Parietal Cortex: Evidence from Intraoperative Cortical Electrostimulation

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Xiaodan; Chen, Chuansheng; Pu, Song; Wu, Chenxing; Li, Yongnian; Jiang, Tao; Zhou, Xinlin

2011-01-01

Previous research has consistently shown that the left parietal cortex is critical for numerical processing, but the role of the right parietal lobe has been much less clear. This study used the intraoperative cortical electrical stimulation approach to investigate neural dissociation in the right parietal cortex for subtraction and…

Identificación de parámetros en geotecnia aplicación a la excavación de túneles

OpenAIRE

Ledesma Villalba, Alberto

1987-01-01

En esta tesis se desarrolla una metodología general para la identificación de parámetros en problemas geotécnicos. Dado un problema especifico se supone fijado un modelo (determinista) y se consideran conocidos algunos valores de las variables de estado que caracterizan el sistema (observaciones). La identificación de parámetros o resolución del problema inverso consiste en estimar los parámetros del modelo que mejor ajustan predicciones y medidas. Como criterio de identificación se ha escogi...

Attenuating illusory binding with TMS of the right parietal cortex

OpenAIRE

Esterman, Michael; Verstynen, Timothy; Robertson, Lynn C.

2007-01-01

A number of neuroimaging and neuropsychology studies have implicated various regions of parietal cortex as playing a critical role in the binding of color and form into conjunctions. The current study investigates the role of two such regions by examining how parietal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) influences binding errors known as ‘illusory conjunctions.’ Participants made fewer binding errors after 1 Hz rTMS of the right intraparietal sulcus (IPS), while basic perception of featur...

Evaluación inicial de parámetros de campo en un biodigestor anaeróbico para el tratamiento de aguas residuales

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María Antonieta Sánchez Góngora

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El biodigestor anaerobio utilizado en este estudio, se diseñó para tratar agua residual doméstica en un sanitario de prueba, que se caracteriza por ser de: flujo continuo, baja carga orgánica y tener cuatro etapas de proceso. La importancia del prototipo estudiado radicó en las condiciones reales en que se probó. La primera etapa consistió en la selección del sitio, construcción del prototipo en ferrocemento con capacidad de 1m3, impermeabilización y carga. En esta etapa se inoculó el reactor con materia orgánica procedente de las descargas del sanitario, durante el periodo de agosto a diciembre de 2011. La evaluación de este periodo consistió en la medición de parámetros de campo: pH, conductividad eléctrica, sólidos sedimentables, temperatura del influente y efluente del sistema que permitieron verificar el comportamiento del proceso del digestor durante la fase de arranque. Los resultados obtenidos para estas determinaciones a la entrada y salida del biodigestor respectivamente son los siguientes: pH (8.03; 8.43, conductividad eléctrica (1510.83 µS/cm; 1207.00 µS/cm, temperatura del proceso (19.2°C; 20.1°C, sólidos sedimentables (144.5mL/L; 0.02mL/L, oxígeno disuelto (4.5992 mg/L; 0.1924 mg/L estos datos proporcionaron un punto de partida para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de tipo doméstica.

Parálisis facial permanente: corrección quirúrgica con la técnica de Labbé

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Rubén Yangali

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La parálisis facial genera un gran déficit estético y funcional. Las diversas técnicas quirúrgicas han ido evolucionando, a fin de corregir este defecto de la forma más estructural y fisiológica posible. Consideramos que la mioplastia de alargamiento del temporal constituye actualmente la técnica de elección para corregir los casos de parálisis facial permanente.

Fungos conidiais em Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaizeiro na Ilha do Combu, Pará-Brasil Conidial Fungi on Euterpe oleracea Mart. on Combu Island, Pará, Brazil

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Carla Corrêa de Castro

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência de fungos conidiais (hyphomycetes associados à decomposição de material vegetal morto de Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaizeiro na Área de Proteção Ambiental da ilha do Combu, município de Belém, Pará. Entre agosto de 2008 e abril de 2009, foram coletadas partes em decomposição de palmeiras de E. oleracea e mantidas em câmara-úmida durante sete dias. As estruturas reprodutivas dos fungos foram retiradas e montadas em lâminas semipermanentes para o estudo morfológico em microscopia óptica. O presente trabalho contém descrições, comentários, distribuição geográfica e ilustrações dos novos registros para o Brasil. Como resultados deste estudo foram identificados 45 táxons de hifomicetos. Todos são novos registros para a área de estudo, destes 11 representam novos registro para o Brasil e 12 para a Amazônia brasileira.The objective of this study was look for conidial fungi (hyphomycetes associated with decomposing, dead vegetative material of Euterpe oleracea Mart. collected on Combu Island (Belém, Pará, an environmentally protected area. From August 2008 to April 2009, decomposing parts of E. oleracea were collected and kept in a moist chamber for seven days. Somatic and reproductive fungal structures were extracted from the substrate and mounted on semi-permanent slides for morphological study using optical microscopy. This paper includes descriptions, comments, geographical distributions and illustrations of new records for Brazil. All these records are new for the study area, 11 are new records for Brazil, and 12 are new for the Brazilian Amazon.

A confecção de desenhos de peixes oceânicos das "Viagens philosophicas" (1783 ao Pará e à Angola The making of sketches of ocean fish during the "philosophical travels" (1783 to Pará and Angola

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Ermelinda Moutinho Pataca

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a confecção e a utilização de imagens na Viagem Philosophica de Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, avaliaremos os desenhos de peixes oceânicos produzidos por J. J. Freire e J. J. Codina durante a travessia entre Lisboa e Belém. Para apreendermos as técnicas e os métodos de desenhar comuns em todas as representações, compreendemos que devemos confrontar os desenhos resultantes das Viagens Philosophicas ao Pará e às colônias portuguesas na África, pois seus 'desenhadores' (ou riscadores, como eram denominados os desenhistas na época foram formados em conjunto e designados para a mesma função, do risco de produtos de história natural. Através dos documentos textuais resultantes das Viagens Philosophicas ao Pará e para Angola, como relações de remessas de coleções, correspondências de viagens e inventários de museus, localizamos e comparamos os desenhos de peixes oceânicos confeccionados pelos desenhadores das duas expedições.With the aim of evaluating the creation and use of images in Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira's Viagem Philosophica, the article examines the drawings of ocean fish made by J. J. Freire and J. J. Codina during their crossing from Lisbon to Belém, Pará. To help understand the techniques and methods common to these images, drawings produced during the "Philosophical Travels" to Pará were compared with those from voyages to Portugal's African colonies, since the draftsmen had been trained together and assigned the same task: sketching the products of natural history. Through reference to written documents from the journeys to Pará and to Angola - including manifests of collections, travel correspondence, and museum inventories - sketches of ocean fish made by draftsmen from both expeditions were located and compared.

Contribuição do modelo do Ligante Biótico (BLM) para o estabelecimento de critério de qualidade de água superficial para cobre na região de Carajás, PA

OpenAIRE

Flavio Dairo Cafe de Castro

2009-01-01

Os objetivos principais deste estudo foram avaliar a eficácia do modelo BLM (Biotic Ligand Model) na predição de toxicidade aguda e crônica para cobre em corpos hídricos na região de Carajás, Pará, assim como contribuir para o estabelecimento de critérios de qualidade da água para proteção das comunidades aquáticas. O BLM é um modelo queconsidera condições físico-químicas do corpo dágua receptor como parâmetros relevantes na atenuação dos efeitos tóxicos para a biota aquática, relacionados ao...

Investigating the effects of nitrous oxide sedation on frontal-parietal interactions.

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Ryu, Ji-Ho; Kim, Pil-Jong; Kim, Hong-Gee; Koo, Yong-Seo; Shin, Teo Jeon

2017-06-09

Although functional connectivity has received considerable attention in the study of consciousness, few studies have investigated functional connectivity limited to the sedated state where consciousness is maintained but impaired. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in functional connectivity of the parietal-frontal network resulting from nitrous oxide-induced sedation, and to determine the neural correlates of cognitive impairment during consciousness transition states. Electroencephalography was acquired from healthy adult patients who underwent nitrous oxide inhalation to induce cognitive impairment, and was analyzed using Granger causality (GC). Periods of awake, sedation and recovery for GC between frontal and parietal areas in the delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma and total frequency bands were obtained. The Friedman test with post-hoc analysis was conducted for GC values of each period for comparison. As a sedated state was induced by nitrous oxide inhalation, power in the low frequency band showed increased activity in frontal regions that was reversed with discontinuation of nitrous oxide. Feedback and feedforward connections analyzed in spectral GC were changed differently in accordance with EEG frequency bands in the sedated state by nitrous oxide administration. Calculated spectral GC of the theta, alpha, and beta frequency regions in the parietal-to-frontal direction was significantly decreased in the sedated state while spectral GC in the reverse direction did not show significant change. Frontal-parietal functional connectivity is significantly affected by nitrous oxide inhalation. Significantly decreased parietal-to-frontal interaction may induce a sedated state. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Glaucoma de ángulo abierto posterior a la vitrectomía pars plana

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Kenia Galindo Reymond

Full Text Available Con este trabajo nos proponemos revisar las evidencias científicas relacionadas con la aparición del glaucoma de ángulo abierto posterior a la vitrectomía pars plana. Se revisaron las evidencias científicas relacionadas con la aparición del glaucoma de ángulo abierto posterior a la cirugía de vitrectomía pars plana. Para la investigación documental se examinaron los artículos de la temática indexados en las bases de datos Pubmed, Pubmed Central y Scielo, que correspondieron a los descriptores DeCs-MeSH: glaucoma de ángulo abierto y vitrectomía pars plana. En la búsqueda de avanzada se utilizó el booleano AND y la restricción de tiempo entre los años 2004 y 2014. De los 38 artículos identificados, se desecharon 16 por no tenerse acceso íntegro al documento. El tratamiento de los datos se realizó mediante el análisis de contenido de tipo directo. Los mecanismos patológicos que causan glaucoma de ángulo abierto posterior a la vitrectomía pars plana son múltiples y complejos. La hipótesis del daño por estrés oxidativo en las celdas de la malla trabecular y su repercusión en la salida del humor acuoso, tiene un sustento científico en su patogenia que la hace plausible. El tratamiento para controlar la hipertensión ocular en estos pacientes después de la vitrectomía es individualizado; puede transitar desde el tratamiento médico y hasta el uso de técnicas quirúrgicas simples o complejas en algunos casos. Aún no se han esclarecido los mecanismos fisiopatológicos del glaucoma de ángulo abierto posterior a la vitrectomía pars plana, por lo que son necesarias nuevas investigaciones sobre el tema.

Determinación de parámetros a nivel de laboratorio para la producción de vinos a partir de frutas tropicales producidas en Nicaragua

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L. Páramo

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudio se realizó con nueve frutas diferentes (banano, calala, coyolito, granadilla, mango, nancite, papaya, piña y pitahaya y nueve variantes experimentales para cada caso. Se definió la preparación de la fruta, las condiciones de fermentación requeridas y el tiempo necesario para la finalización del proceso fermentativo. Los resultados muestran que es factible obtener vinos de diferentes calidades según los estándares internacionales y porcentajes alcohólicos que van desde el 5 % hasta 17 % en V/V aproximadamente. Siendo posible seleccionar aquellas variantes con valores de porcentaje alcohólico entre 9 y 18 % en V/V (como estándar recomendado y que llenen exigencias como: acidez, sólidos solubles y otros parámetros recomendados para un vino. En nuestro caso, tenemos vinos de alto porcentaje alcohólico como los de papaya y nancite, o de bajos porcentajes de alcohol como granadilla, calala y otros. Vinos de mango, calala y papaya, se deberá tener mucho cuidado durante su producción ya que fácilmente se acidulan durante el proceso. Este estudio aporta una manera útil de usar una gran cantidad de frutas producidas y que no son consumidas como frutas frescas.

The mirror mechanism in the parietal lobe.

Science.gov (United States)

Rizzolatti, Giacomo; Rozzi, Stefano

2018-01-01

The mirror mechanism is a basic mechanism that transforms sensory representations of others' actions into motor representations of the same actions in the brain of the observer. The mirror mechanism plays an important role in understanding actions of others. In the present chapter we discuss first the basic organization of the posterior parietal lobe in the monkey, stressing that it is best characterized as a motor scaffold, on the top of which sensory information is organized. We then describe the location of the mirror mechanism in the posterior parietal cortex of the monkey, and its functional role in areas PFG, and anterior, ventral, and lateral intraparietal areas. We will then present evidence that a similar functional organization is present in humans. We will conclude by discussing the role of the mirror mechanism in the recognition of action performed with tools. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Infestation by Haematopinus quadripertusus on cattle in São Domingos do Capim, state of Pará, Brazil Infestação por Haematopinus quadripertusus em bovinos de São Domingos do Capim, Estado do Pará, Brasil

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Alessandra Scofield

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Severe infestation with lice was observed on crossbred cattle (Bos taurus indicus ×Bos taurus taurus in the municipality of São Domingos do Capim, state of Pará, Brazil. Sixty-five animals were inspected and the lice were manually collected, preserved in 70% alcohol and taken to the Animal Parasitology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Brazil, for identification. The adult lice were identified as Haematopinus quadripertusus, and all the cattle examined were infested by at least one development stage of this ectoparasite. The specimens collected were located only on the tail in 80% (52/65 of the cattle, while they were around the eyes as well as on the ears and tail in 20% (13/65. Nits, nymphs and adults of the parasite were respectively collected from 98.46% (64/65, 38.46% (25/65 and 23.08% (15/65 of the animals examined. This is the first report of bovine pediculosis caused by H. quadripertusus in the state of Pará, Brazil. Further studies should be conducted to determine the occurrence pattern of this species in Brazil and its importance to livestock production.Alta infestação por piolhos foi observada em vacas mestiças Bos taurus indicus e Bos taurus taurus do município de São Domingos do Capim, Estado do Pará, Brasil. Sessenta e cinco animais foram inspecionados e os piolhos foram coletados manualmente, armazenados em álcool 70% e transportados ao Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará para a identificação. Os exemplares adultos foram identificados como Haematopinus quadripertusus e todos os animais examinados apresentaram pelo menos um estágio de desenvolvimento do ectoparasito. Em 80% (52/65 dos animais, os exemplares coletados localizavam-se somente na cauda e em 20% (13/65 na região periocular, orelha e cauda. Lêndeas, ninfas e adultos foram coletados, respectivamente, em 98,46% (64/65, em 38,46% (25/65 e em 23

The contribution of the human posterior parietal cortex to episodic memory

OpenAIRE

Sestieri, Carlo; Shulman, Gordon L.; Corbetta, Maurizio

2017-01-01

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is traditionally associated with attention, perceptual decision making and sensorimotor transformations, but more recent human neuroimaging studies support an additional role in episodic memory retrieval. In this Opinion article, we present a functional–anatomical model of the involvement of the PPC in memory retrieval. Parietal regions involved in perceptual attention and episodic memory are largely segregated and often show a push–pull relationship, poten...

Principales parámetros para el estudio de la colaboración científica en Big Science

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Ortoll, Eva

2014-12-01

Full Text Available In several scientific disciplines research has shifted from experiments of a reduced scale to large and complex collaborations. Many recent scientific achievements like the human genome sequencing or the discovery of the Higgs boson have taken place within the “big science” paradigm. The study of scientific collaboration needs to take into account all the diverse factors that have an influence on it. In the case of big science experiments, some of those aspects are particularly important: number of institutions involved, cultural differences, diversity of spaces and infrastructures or the conceptualization of research problems. By considering these specific factors we present a set of parameters for the analysis of scientific collaboration in big science projects. The utility of these parameters is illustrated through a comparative study of two large big science projects: the ATLAS experiment and the Human Genome Project.En varias áreas de la ciencia se ha pasado de trabajar en experimentos reducidos a participar en grandes y complejas colaboraciones. Muchos de los grandes avances científicos recientes como la secuenciación del genoma humano o el descubrimiento del bosón de Higgs se enmarcan en el paradigma denominado big science. El estudio de la colaboración científica debe tener en cuenta los factores de todo tipo que influyen en dicha colaboración. Los experimentos de big science inciden especialmente en algunos de estos aspectos: volumen de instituciones implicadas, diferencias culturales, diversidad de espacios e infraestructuras o la propia conceptualización del problema de investigación. Atendiendo a estas particularidades, en este trabajo presentamos un conjunto de parámetros para el análisis de la colaboración científica en proyectos big science. Ilustramos la utilidad de esos parámetros mediante un estudio comparativo de dos grandes proyectos de big science: el experimento ATLAS y el Proyecto Genoma Humano.

Optimized gamma synchronization enhances functional binding of fronto-parietal cortices in mathematically gifted adolescents during deductive reasoning

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Li eZhang

2014-06-01

Full Text Available As enhanced fronto-parietal network has been suggested to support reasoning ability of math-gifted adolescents, the main goal of this EEG source analysis is to investigate the temporal binding of the gamma-band (30-60Hz synchronization between frontal and parietal cortices in adolescents with exceptional mathematical ability, including the functional connectivity of gamma neurocognitive network, the temporal dynamics of fronto-parietal network (phase-locking durations and network lability in time domain, and the self-organized criticality of synchronizing oscillation. Compared with the average-ability subjects, the math-gifted adolescents show a highly integrated fronto-parietal network due to distant gamma phase-locking oscillations, which is indicated by lower modularity of the global network topology, more connector bridges between the frontal and parietal cortices and less connector hubs in the sensorimotor cortex. The time-domain analysis finds that, while maintaining more stable phase dynamics of the fronto-parietal coupling, the math-gifted adolescents are characterized by more extensive fronto-parietal connection reconfiguration. The results from sample fitting in the power-law model further find that the phase-locking durations in the math-gifted brain abides by a wider interval of the power-law distribution. This phase-lock distribution mechanism could represent a relatively optimized pattern for the functional binding of frontal-parietal network, which underlies stable fronto-parietal connectivity and increases flexibility of timely network reconfiguration.

The Oft-Neglected Role of Parietal EEG Asymmetry and Risk for Major Depressive Disorder

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Stewart, Jennifer L.; Towers, David N.; Coan, James A.; Allen, John J.B.

2010-01-01

Relatively less right parietal activity may reflect reduced arousal and signify risk for major depressive disorder (MDD). Inconsistent findings with parietal electroencephalographic (EEG) asymmetry, however, suggest issues such as anxiety comorbidity and sex differences have yet to be resolved. Resting parietal EEG asymmetry was assessed in 306 individuals (31% male) with (n = 143) and without (n = 163) a DSM-IV diagnosis of lifetime MDD and no comorbid anxiety disorders. Past MDD+ women displayed relatively less right parietal activity than current MDD+ and MDD- women, replicating prior work. Recent caffeine intake, an index of arousal, moderated the relationship between depression and EEG asymmetry for women and men. Findings suggest that sex differences and arousal should be examined in studies of depression and regional brain activity. PMID:20525011

Phosphene-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation of occipital but not parietal cortex suppresses stimulus visibility

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Tapia, Evelina; Mazzi, Chiara; Savazzi, Silvia; Beck, Diane M.

2014-01-01

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied over the occipital lobe approximately 100 ms after the onset of a stimulus decreases its visibility if it appears in the location of the phosphene. Because phosphenes can also be elicited by stimulation of the parietal regions, we asked if the same procedure that is used to reduce visibility of stimuli with occipital TMS will lead to decreased stimulus visibility when TMS is applied to parietal regions. TMS was randomly applied at 0 to 130 ms after the onset of the stimulus (SOA) in steps of 10 ms in occipital and parietal regions. Participants responded to the orientation of the line stimulus and rated its visibility. We replicate previous reports of phosphenes from both occipital and parietal TMS. As previously reported, we also observed visual suppression around the classical 100 ms window both in the objective line orientation and subjective visibility responses with occipital TMS. Parietal stimulation, on the other hand, did not consistently reduce stimulus visibility in any time window. PMID:24584900

Parietal cells-new perspectives in glomerular disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Miesen, L.; Steenbergen, E.; Smeets, B.

2017-01-01

In normal glomeruli, parietal epithelial cells (PECs) line the inside of Bowman's capsule and form an inconspicuous sheet of flat epithelial cells in continuity with the proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) at the urinary pole and with the podocytes at the vascular pole. PECs, PTECs and

Par Pond water balance

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hiergesell, R.A.; Dixon, K.L.

1996-06-01

A water budget for the Par Pond hydrologic system was established in order to estimate the rate of groundwater influx to Par Pond. This estimate will be used in modeling exercises to predict Par Pond reservoir elevation and spillway discharge in the scenario where Savannah River water is no longer pumped and discharged into Par Pond. The principal of conservation of mass was used to develop the water budget, where water inflow was set equal to water outflow. Components of the water budget were identified, and the flux associated with each was determined. The water budget was considered balanced when inflow and outflow summed to zero. The results of this study suggest that Par Pond gains water from the groundwater system in the upper reaches of the reservoir, but looses water to the groundwater system near the dam. The rate of flux of groundwater from the water table aquifer into Par Pond was determined to be 13 cfs. The rate of flux from Par Pond to the water table aquifer near the dam was determined to be 7 cfs

Visual perception is dependent on visuospatial working memory and thus on the posterior parietal cortex.

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Pisella, Laure

2017-06-01

Visual perception involves complex and active processes. We will start by explaining why visual perception is dependent on visuospatial working memory, especially the spatiotemporal integration of the perceived elements through the ocular exploration of visual scenes. Then we will present neuropsychology, transcranial magnetic stimulation and neuroimaging data yielding information on the specific role of the posterior parietal cortex of the right hemisphere in visuospatial working memory. Within the posterior parietal cortex, neuropsychology data also suggest that there might be dissociated neural substrates for deployment of attention (superior parietal lobules) and spatiotemporal integration (right inferior parietal lobule). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

ANÁLISIS DE INCERTIDUMBRE DE UN MODELO PARA LECHUGAS (Lactuca sativa L. CULTIVADAS EN INVERNADERO

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Irineo Lorenzo López-Cruz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Un análisis de incertidumbre para un modelo de crecimiento de un cultivo permite evaluar la variabilidad en sus parámetros y deducir una distribución de incertidumbre para cada variable que el modelo predice. Estos estudios se han practicado raramente en modelos para cultivos bajo invernadero. En el presente trabajo se presenta una metodología para llevar a cabo un análisis de incertidumbre para un modelo de un cultivo bajo invernadero y se aplica para determinar la variabilidad de los parámetros del modelo NICOLET desarrollado para explicar el crecimiento de lechugas (Lactuca sativa L.. Se definieron funciones de densidad de probabilidad para todos los parámetros del modelo y se asignaron sus valores mediante muestreo Monte Carlo, aleatorio e hipercubo latino, mediante un total de N = 2000 muestras. Posteriormente se ejecutaron 2000 simulaciones para calcular las salidas del modelo NICOLET para cada escenario. Finalmente, se analizó la distribución de las variables carbono en las vacuolas, carbono en la estructura, peso seco total y contenido de nitratos, mediante el cálculo de sus histogramas y medidas estadísticas. Las simulaciones se realizaron con el programa para análisis de incertidumbre y sensibilidad Simlab, disponible para el ambiente de programación Matlab. La variable carbono en las vacuolas presentó la mayor incertidumbre ya que su coeficiente de variación (CV en ambos muestreos, aleatorio e hipercubo latino, fue de 35.27 y 35.67 %, respectivamente, seguida del contenido de nitratos (CV = 18.16 % y CV = 19.07 %, el carbono estructural (CV = 5.52 % y CV = 5.67 % y el peso seco total (CV = 4.80 % y CV = 4.82 %.

Relações do parâmetro S para algumas propriedades físicas de solos do sul do Brasil Relationships of the S parameter of some physical properties of soils of southern Brazil

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Carlos Arnoldo Streck

2008-12-01

Full Text Available O parâmetro S representa o valor da inclinação da curva de retenção de água no seu ponto de inflexão. Um aumento nos valores de S indica uma ampla distribuição de tamanho de poros, condizente com condições estruturais que estabelecem um adequado funcionamento físico do solo. Neste trabalho, testou-se a sensibilidade do parâmetro S, proposto na literatura, em relação a algumas propriedades físicas de solos do Sul do Brasil. O parâmetro S não se relacionou com o teor de argila total, nem com o teor de argila dispersa dos sete solos utilizados neste trabalho. Para o grupamento dos solos argilosos e muito argilosos, o parâmetro S apresentou decréscimo exponencial com o aumento da densidade do solo e um crescimento exponencial com o aumento da matéria orgânica do solo. Nesses solos, a água disponível às plantas aumentou de forma linear (ADP= 3,19*S passando pela origem e a pressão de pré-consolidação reduziu exponencialmente com o aumento do valor de S. Conclui-se que o parâmetro S apresentou sensibilidade para determinar a qualidade física dos solos de textura argilosa e muito argilosa.The S index corresponds to the slope of the soil water retention curve at its inflection point. A high S value indicates the presence of structural pores, which are essential for a good soil physical condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the index of soil physical quality (S, as proposed in the literature for some physical properties of soils from Southern Brazil. In the seven soils used here, no relationship was found between clay and water dispersible clay content with soil physical quality index S. However, in soils with high clay content, the S index decreases with an increase in soil bulk density and increases with an increase in soil organic matter content. For a given texture class, plant available water increased linearly (PAW= 3.19*S to the origin and the preconsolidation pressure decreased

Análise visual de parâmetros espectrográficos pré e pós-fonoterapia para disfonias Visual analysis of spectrographic parameters before and after dysphonia therapy

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Marcela Guimarães Côrtes

2010-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da fonoterapia nos distúrbios da voz por meio de diferentes parâmetros acústicos pré e pós-fonoterapia. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo experimental retrospectivo no qual se analisou as gravações de vozes de 67 indivíduos submetidos à reabilitação vocal. Os espectrogramas pré e pós-terapia fonoaudiológica foram julgados por quatro fonoaudiólogas. Os parâmetros para análise foram: forma do traçado, grau de escurecimento dos harmônicos, estabilidade do traçado dos harmônicos, presença de ruído, presença de harmônicos e de sub-harmônicos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística, em que também se buscou observar a eventual diferença de padrões entre gêneros e diagnósticos. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre a forma do traçado espectrográfico nas condições pré e pós-fonoterapia, porém a maioria dos pacientes (58% obteve melhora. O grau de escurecimento manteve-se estável nas condições pré e pós-fonoterapia (p=0,000. Houve significativa melhora espectrográfica, após a fonoterapia, para os parâmetros de estabilidade do traçado (p=0,006, presença de ruído (p=0,007, harmônicos (p=0,000 e sub-harmônicos (p=0,001. Não houve relação entre o gênero do paciente e o grau de melhora espectrográfica. Em relação ao diagnóstico, apenas o parâmetro forma do traçado apresentou diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de não terem sido encontradas mudanças significativas em todos os parâmetros avaliados, a espectrografia acústica demonstrou ser um instrumento eficaz para avaliar a evolução da voz do paciente no processo terapêutico, sendo complementar à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e fazendo parte de um protocolo multidimensional.PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of vocal therapy on voice disorders using different spectrographic parameters, before and after therapy. METHODS: This experimental retrospective study

Evolution of posterior parietal cortex and parietal-frontal networks for specific actions in primates.

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Kaas, Jon H; Stepniewska, Iwona

2016-02-15

Posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is an extensive region of the human brain that develops relatively late and is proportionally large compared with that of monkeys and prosimian primates. Our ongoing comparative studies have led to several conclusions about the evolution of this posterior parietal region. In early placental mammals, PPC likely was a small multisensory region much like PPC of extant rodents and tree shrews. In early primates, PPC likely resembled that of prosimian galagos, in which caudal PPC (PPCc) is visual and rostral PPC (PPCr) has eight or more multisensory domains where electrical stimulation evokes different complex motor behaviors, including reaching, hand-to-mouth, looking, protecting the face or body, and grasping. These evoked behaviors depend on connections with functionally matched domains in premotor cortex (PMC) and motor cortex (M1). Domains in each region compete with each other, and a serial arrangement of domains allows different factors to influence motor outcomes successively. Similar arrangements of domains have been retained in New and Old World monkeys, and humans appear to have at least some of these domains. The great expansion and prolonged development of PPC in humans suggest the addition of functionally distinct territories. We propose that, across primates, PMC and M1 domains are second and third levels in a number of parallel, interacting networks for mediating and selecting one type of action over others. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Nuclear Glycogen Inclusions in Canine Parietal Cells.

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Silvestri, S; Lepri, E; Dall'Aglio, C; Marchesi, M C; Vitellozzi, G

2017-05-01

Nuclear glycogen inclusions occur infrequently in pathologic conditions but also in normal human and animal tissues. Their function or significance is unclear. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no reports of nuclear glycogen inclusions in canine parietal cells exist. After initial observations of nuclear inclusions/pseudoinclusions during routine histopathology, the authors retrospectively examined samples of gastric mucosa from dogs presenting with gastrointestinal signs for the presence of intranuclear inclusions/pseudoinclusions and determined their composition using histologic and electron-microscopic methods. In 24 of 108 cases (22%), the authors observed various numbers of intranuclear inclusions/pseudoinclusions within scattered parietal cells. Nuclei were characterized by marked karyomegaly and chromatin margination around a central optically empty or slightly eosinophilic area. The intranuclear inclusions/pseudoinclusions stained positive with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and were diastase sensitive, consistent with glycogen. Several PAS-positive/diastase-sensitive sections were further examined by transmission electron microscopy, also using periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP) staining to identify polysaccharides. Ultrastructurally, the nuclear inclusions were composed of electron-dense particles that were not membrane bound, without evidence of nuclear membrane invaginations or cytoplasmic organelles in the nuclei, and positive staining with PA-TCH-SP, confirming a glycogen composition. No cytoplasmic glycogen deposits were observed, suggesting that the intranuclear glycogen inclusions were probably synthesized in loco. Nuclear glycogen inclusions were not associated with gastritis or colonization by Helicobacter-like organisms ( P > .05). Our findings suggest that nuclear glycogen inclusions in canine parietal cells could be an incidental finding. Nevertheless, since nuclear glycogen is present in several pathologic

suPAR

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hodges, Gethin W; Bang, Casper N; Wachtell, Kristian

2015-01-01

The fundamental role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has prompted interest in numerous biomarkers that detect subclinical levels of inflammation. Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a novel biomarker that correlates significantly with cardiovascular events ...... comprehensive review of suPAR in CVD and explore its function and usefulness in predicting cardiovascular events....

Procedimiento para la obtención de los parámetros geométricos básicos de un engranaje cónico de dientes rectos // Procedure to obtain the basic geometric parameters of a straight bevel gear

OpenAIRE

G. González Rey

1999-01-01

La gran diversidad de los tipos y tamaños de transmisiones por engranajes que son empleados en Cuba, han dificultado lareparación generalizada de estos componentes y ha requerido que la recuperación de las ruedas dentadas necesite de métodosde ingeniería inversa que permita conocer los parámetros geométricos y constructivos básicos, para su posterior reconstruccióny/o evaluación de la capacidad de carga. Es de interés para la producción que los ingenieros mecánicos, vinculados al trabajocon t...

Neuronal oscillations form parietal/frontal networks during contour integration.

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Castellano, Marta; Plöchl, Michael; Vicente, Raul; Pipa, Gordon

2014-01-01

The ability to integrate visual features into a global coherent percept that can be further categorized and manipulated are fundamental abilities of the neural system. While the processing of visual information involves activation of early visual cortices, the recruitment of parietal and frontal cortices has been shown to be crucial for perceptual processes. Yet is it not clear how both cortical and long-range oscillatory activity leads to the integration of visual features into a coherent percept. Here, we will investigate perceptual grouping through the analysis of a contour categorization task, where the local elements that form contour must be linked into a coherent structure, which is then further processed and manipulated to perform the categorization task. The contour formation in our visual stimulus is a dynamic process where, for the first time, visual perception of contours is disentangled from the onset of visual stimulation or from motor preparation, cognitive processes that until now have been behaviorally attached to perceptual processes. Our main finding is that, while local and long-range synchronization at several frequencies seem to be an ongoing phenomena, categorization of a contour could only be predicted through local oscillatory activity within parietal/frontal sources, which in turn, would synchronize at gamma (>30 Hz) frequency. Simultaneously, fronto-parietal beta (13-30 Hz) phase locking forms a network spanning across neural sources that are not category specific. Both long range networks, i.e., the gamma network that is category specific, and the beta network that is not category specific, are functionally distinct but spatially overlapping. Altogether, we show that a critical mechanism underlying contour categorization involves oscillatory activity within parietal/frontal cortices, as well as its synchronization across distal cortical sites.

C9.A/14 steelwork joints de poutres par plaque frontale : assemblages par gousset

CERN Document Server

2015-01-01

Les Tables de résistances ultimes des assemblages boulonnés par plaque frontale et par gousset, complétées par une description des modèles de calcul et des exemples d’application, ont pour but de faciliter la tâche de l'ingénieur et du constructeur. Cette première partie C9.A/14 contient les chapitres suivants: - Joints de poutres par plaque frontale en acier S235 et S355 - Assemblages par gousset en acier S235 et S355 Les Tables contiennent des données relatives à la géométrie ainsi que les valeurs de calcul correspondantes des résistances ultimes des assemblages ; elles remplacent le chapitre « Assemblages par plaques frontales et boulons HR » des anciennes Tables C9.1 de 1983 / 2002. Le calcul de ces assemblages par plaque frontale est basé sur les hypothèses du modèle de la méthode des composants décrite dans la norme SN EN 1993-1-8. Les vérifications sont effectuées selon la norme SIA 263:2013. Les assemblages par gousset remplacent les assemblages par double cornière, (telle...

Evidencia de la hidroterapia en niños con Parálisis Cerebral

OpenAIRE

Lafuente Arecha, María

2016-01-01

Introducción: La parálisis cerebral (PC) es un grupo de desórdenes permanentes no progresivos producidos por una lesión en el cerebro antes de que su desarrollo se haya completado afectando al movimiento, a la postura y causando limitaciones en las actividades. En la actualidad es la discapacidad más común en niños afectando a 2-2,5 de cada 1000 nacidos. Para el tratamiento de la PC las terapias en el agua suponen un papel importante para restaurar el bienestar físico, psicológico y social de...

Algoritmo para la determinación de los parámetros del motor de inducción por datos nominales; Algorithm for the determination of the parameters of the induction motor for nominal data

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Ignacio Romero Rueda

2011-02-01

Full Text Available El trabajo presenta un nuevo enfoque para el cálculo de los parámetros del circuito equivalente para régimennominal, utilizando el teorema de Thevenin y las expresiones deducidas del mismo. Se comparan losresultados obtenidos por esta metodología con varias vías, existentes en la literatura y a través de losensayos típicos (vacío, rotor bloqueado y CD para el motor de inducción de rotor en jaula. La metodologíase aplica a dos motores y muestra efectividad en este campo.  Presently article is carried out an analysis from the experimental point of view of the variables of diagnosisstate (Opacity of the gases, temperatura of the gases of the escape, consumption of fuel for the determinationof the technical state or condition the injection apparatus of a diesel motive installation.

Counteracting fatigue in multiple sclerosis with right parietal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation

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Katrin Hanken

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Background: Fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS patients appears to correlate with vigilance decrement as reflected in an increase in reaction time and errors with prolonged time-on-task. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS over the right parietal or frontal cortex counteracts fatigue-associated vigilance decrement and subjective fatigue. Methods: In study I, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, anodal tDCS (1,5mA was delivered to the right parietal cortex or the right frontal cortex of 52 healthy participants during the first 20min of a 40min lasting visual vigilance task. Study II, also a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, investigated the effect of anodal tDCS (1.5mA over the right parietal cortex in 46 MS patients experiencing cognitive fatigue. TDCS was delivered for 20min before patients performed a 20min lasting visual vigilance task.Results: Study I showed that right parietal stimulation, but not right frontal stimulation, counteracts the increase in reaction time associated with vigilance decrement. Hence, only right parietal stimulation was applied to the MS patients in study II. Stimulation had a significant effect on vigilance decrement in mildly to moderately cognitively fatigued MS patients. Vigilance testing significantly increased the feeling of fatigue independent of stimulation.Conclusions: Anodal tDCS over the right parietal cortex can counteract the increase in reaction times during vigilance performance but not the increase in subjective fatigue. This finding is compatible with our model of fatigue in MS, suggesting a dissociation between the feeling and the behavioral characteristics of fatigue.

Counteracting Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis with Right Parietal Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Hanken, Katrin; Bosse, Mona; Möhrke, Kim; Eling, Paul; Kastrup, Andreas; Antal, Andrea; Hildebrandt, Helmut

2016-01-01

Fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients appears to correlate with vigilance decrement as reflected in an increase in reaction time (RT) and errors with prolonged time-on-task. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right parietal or frontal cortex counteracts fatigue-associated vigilance decrement and subjective fatigue. In study I, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, anodal tDCS (1.5 mA) was delivered to the right parietal cortex or the right frontal cortex of 52 healthy participants during the first 20 min of a 40-min lasting visual vigilance task. Study II, also a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, investigated the effect of anodal tDCS (1.5 mA) over the right parietal cortex in 46 MS patients experiencing cognitive fatigue. tDCS was delivered for 20 min before patients performed a 20-min lasting visual vigilance task. Study I showed that right parietal stimulation, but not right frontal stimulation, counteracts the increase in RT associated with vigilance decrement. Hence, only right parietal stimulation was applied to the MS patients in study II. Stimulation had a significant effect on vigilance decrement in mildly to moderately cognitively fatigued MS patients. Vigilance testing significantly increased the feeling of fatigue independent of stimulation. Anodal tDCS over the right parietal cortex can counteract the increase in RTs during vigilance performance, but not the increase in subjective fatigue. This finding is compatible with our model of fatigue in MS, suggesting a dissociation between the feeling and the behavioral characteristics of fatigue.

El arte parietal, espejo de las sociedades paleolíticas

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Georges SAUVET

2009-12-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El presente trabajo aboga por un estudio del arte parietal como instrumento del conocimiento de la geografía humana de las sociedades de cazadores y de la evolución de sus redes de alianza, durante el Paleolítico superior. Tomando como ejemplo el componente figurativo de este arte y un amplio corpus de 3981 figuras procedentes de 154 yacimientos franceses y españoles, se demuestra que las asociaciones entre especies animales diferentes obedecen a reglas simples y coherentes, que se dejan fácilmente exprimir por un modelo formal. El análisis de doce sub-conjuntos sincrónicos y diacrónicos evidencia la movilidad de las connexiones interregionales (por ejemplo el desarrollo del Solutrense cantábrico en relación con los centros peninsulares y con escaso contacto con el sudoeste francés, al contrario de la situación que prevalece durante el Magdaleniense medio-superior. Sin embargo conforta la idea que las variaciones regionales operan dentro de un sistema de pensamiento religioso relativamente estable. Una segunda fase del trabajo se propone describir la estructuración del arte parietal a un nivel mucho más fino, teniendo en cuenta la diversidad formal de cada figura y sus relaciones topológicas con las demás. Una larga base de datos está en curso de elaboración para su tratamiento con las técnicas de "extracción de conocimiento" (Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Unos resultados preliminares dejan esperar que una base de datos de este tipo servirá el objetivo y proporcionará une visión más precisa y segura de la historia de los pueblos paleolíticos, dado que la fuente del estilo propio de cada grupo debe buscarse en la construcción gráfica de paneles complejos.ABSTRACT: This paper pleads in favour of the study of parietal art as a means to investigate the human geography of palaeolithic hunter-gatherers in Europe and the evolution of their alliance networks. Taking the example of the figurative component of Rock

Muscarinic responses of gastric parietal cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wilkes, J.M.; Kajimura, M.; Scott, D.R.; Hersey, S.J.; Sachs, G.

1991-01-01

Isolated rabbit gastric glands were used to study the nature of the muscarinic cholinergic responses of parietal cells. Carbachol stimulation of acid secretion, as measured by the accumulation of aminopyrine, was inhibited by the M1 antagonist, pirenzepine, with an IC50 of 13 microM; by the M2 antagonist, 11,2-(diethylamino)methyl-1 piperidinyl acetyl-5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido 2,3-b 1,4 benzodiazepin-6-one (AF-DX 116), with an IC50 of 110 microM; and by the M1/M3 antagonist, diphenyl-acetoxy-4-methylpiperidinemethiodide, with an IC50 of 35 nM. The three antagonists displayed equivalent IC50 values for the inhibition of carbachol-stimulated production of 14CO2 from radiolabeled glucose, which is a measure of the turnover of the H,K-ATPase, the final step of acid secretion. Intracellular calcium levels were measured in gastric glands loaded with FURA 2. Carbachol was shown to both release calcium from an intracellular pool and to promote calcium entry across the plasma membrane. The calcium entry was inhibitable by 20 microM La3+. The relative potency of the three muscarinic antagonists for inhibition of calcium entry was essentially the same as for inhibition of acid secretion or pump related glucose oxidation. Image analysis of the glands showed the effects of carbachol, and of the antagonists, on intracellular calcium were occurring largely in the parietal cell. The rise in cell calcium due to release of calcium from intracellular stores was inhibited by 4-DAMP with an IC50 of 1.7 nM, suggesting that the release pathway was regulated by a low affinity M3 muscarinic receptor or state; Ca entry and acid secretion are regulated by a high affinity M3 muscarinic receptor or state, inhibited by higher 4-DAMP concentrations, suggesting that it is the steady-state elevation of Ca that is related to parietal cell function rather than the [Ca]i transient

Visual Short-Term Memory Activity in Parietal Lobe Reflects Cognitive Processes beyond Attentional Selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Sheremata, Summer L; Somers, David C; Shomstein, Sarah

2018-02-07

Visual short-term memory (VSTM) and attention are distinct yet interrelated processes. While both require selection of information across the visual field, memory additionally requires the maintenance of information across time and distraction. VSTM recruits areas within human (male and female) dorsal and ventral parietal cortex that are also implicated in spatial selection; therefore, it is important to determine whether overlapping activation might reflect shared attentional demands. Here, identical stimuli and controlled sustained attention across both tasks were used to ask whether fMRI signal amplitude, functional connectivity, and contralateral visual field bias reflect memory-specific task demands. While attention and VSTM activated similar cortical areas, BOLD amplitude and functional connectivity in parietal cortex differentiated the two tasks. Relative to attention, VSTM increased BOLD amplitude in dorsal parietal cortex and decreased BOLD amplitude in the angular gyrus. Additionally, the tasks differentially modulated parietal functional connectivity. Contrasting VSTM and attention, intraparietal sulcus (IPS) 1-2 were more strongly connected with anterior frontoparietal areas and more weakly connected with posterior regions. This divergence between tasks demonstrates that parietal activation reflects memory-specific functions and consequently modulates functional connectivity across the cortex. In contrast, both tasks demonstrated hemispheric asymmetries for spatial processing, exhibiting a stronger contralateral visual field bias in the left versus the right hemisphere across tasks, suggesting that asymmetries are characteristic of a shared selection process in IPS. These results demonstrate that parietal activity and patterns of functional connectivity distinguish VSTM from more general attention processes, establishing a central role of the parietal cortex in maintaining visual information. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Visual short-term memory (VSTM) and

Differential frontal-parietal phase synchrony during hypnosis as a function of hypnotic suggestibility.

Science.gov (United States)

Terhune, Devin Blair; Cardeña, Etzel; Lindgren, Magnus

2011-10-01

Spontaneous dissociative alterations in awareness and perception among highly suggestible individuals following a hypnotic induction may result from disruptions in the functional coordination of the frontal-parietal network. We recorded EEG and self-reported state dissociation in control and hypnosis conditions in two sessions with low and highly suggestible participants. Highly suggestible participants reliably experienced greater state dissociation and exhibited lower frontal-parietal phase synchrony in the alpha2 frequency band during hypnosis than low suggestible participants. These findings suggest that highly suggestible individuals exhibit a disruption of the frontal-parietal network that is only observable following a hypnotic induction. Copyright © 2011 Society for Psychophysiological Research.

Coeficiente de repetibilidade e parâmetros genéticos em capim-elefante

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Marcelo Cavalcante

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de repetibilidade de caracteres morfofisiológicos em genótipos de capim-elefante (Pennisetum spp., a partir de dados obtidos durante seis ciclos de avaliação. Foram estimados: número mínimo de medições e parâmetros genéticos. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro níveis de N (controle, 30, 60 e 90 kg ha‑1 por corte e 16 genótipos de Pennisetum (11 híbridos interespecíficos e cinco cultivares. Os ciclos consistiram de avaliações em 2010 (21/4, 19/7 e 28/9 e 2011 (6/1, 7/4 e 3/8. Os coeficientes de repetibilidade foram de média‑alta magnitude para todas as variáveis, o que indica que houve regularidade entre as medidas repetidas. Para as variáveis massa de forragem, altura da planta, comprimento e largura da folha, diâmetro do colmo, clorose e índice de área foliar, três ciclos de avaliação são suficientes para obter R² de 90%, pela análise de componentes principais. Para o comprimento do entrenó, o mínimo de sete avaliações é necessário para predizer o valor real dos genótipos. Os parâmetros genéticos das variáveis massa de forragem, comprimento e largura da folha, diâmetro do colmo e clorose foliar são de alta magnitude, o que favorece a seleção de genótipos superiores de Pennisetum.

Nuevos registros de nemátodes parásitos de animales de vida silvestre en el Perú

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Manuel Tantaleán

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Se registran, por primera vez para el Perú, 4 especies de nemátodes: Dipetalonema graciliformis Freitas, 1964 parásito de Saguinus labiatus; Evaginuris branickii (McCiure, 1932 Quentín, 1973 de Dinomys branickii; Alaeuris caudatus (Lent & Freitas, 1948 de Iguana iguana y Serpinema amazonicus de Podocnemis expansa. También, se considera a Saguinus labiatus como un nuevo huésped para Dipetalonema graciliformis.

Parâmetros para equações mensais de estimativas de precipitação de intensidade máxima para o estado de São Paulo: fase I Parameters for monthly equations of maximum intensity estimates of rain for the São Paulo state: phase I

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José Carlos Ferreira

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Nesta fase do trabalho objetivou-se estimar parâmetros para equações mensais de estimativas de precipitação de intensidade máxima em intervalos de 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 e 60 minutos para 165 localidades do Estado de São Paulo. A partir de dados mensais de séries históricas de 31 anos de precipitação máxima de "um dia", utilizou-se da distribuição de probabilidade de Gumbel para os cálculos da probabilidade de ocorrência de valores extremos em cada mês. Utilizando-se da metodologia proposta por Occhipinti & Santos (1966, as chuvas máximas de "um dia" foram desagregadas para precipitações de intensidade máxima em 24 horas e nos sete intervalos de tempo acima descritos, para cada uma das 165 localidades e em cada mês. Os parâmetros alfa e beta foram calculados, para cada um dos sete intervalos de duração da chuva, com F(x= 90% e em cada uma das 165 localidades propostas. As séries de precipitação máxima de "um dia" foram submetidas ao teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, confirmando bom ajuste com distribuição de Gumbel. A metodologia mostrou bom desempenho, considerando-se que as diferenças percentuais relativas dos resultados das precipitações máximas obtidas com os parâmetros alfa e beta, de 25 localidades, comparadas com os obtidos pela metodologia de Occhipinti, foram de modo geral menores que 0,5%.The objective of this phase of the work was to obtain parameters for monthly equations of maximum of estimations precipitation intensity in intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 60 minutes covering 165 places of São Paulo State. Starting from the historical series of 31 years of maximum precipitation of "one day", it was used Gumbel probability distribution for calculating the probability of occurrence of extreme values in every month. Using the methodology proposed by Occhipinti & Santos (1966, the maximum rains of "one day" were dissociated in precipitation of maximum intensity in 24 hours in the seven intervals of

The inferior parietal lobule and recognition memory : expectancy violation or successful retrieval?

OpenAIRE

O'Connor, Akira R.; Han, Sanghoon; Dobbins, Ian G.

2010-01-01

Functional neuroimaging studies of episodic recognition demonstrate an increased lateral parietal response for studied versus new materials, often termed a retrieval success effect. Using a novel memory analog of attentional cueing, we manipulated the correspondence between anticipated and actual recognition evidence by presenting valid or invalid anticipatory cues (e. g., "likely old") before recognition judgments. Although a superior parietal region demonstrated the retrieval success patter...

Facoemulsificação, vitrectomia via pars plana e implante de lente intra-ocular em olhos com retinopatia diabética proliferativa Phacoemulsification, pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular lens implant in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

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Armando Belfort Mattos

2004-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a viabilidade da técnica de facoemulsificação para a extração da catarata com implante de lente intra-ocular combinada à vitrectomia via pars plana em olhos com retinopatia diabética proliferativa, em um único procedimento cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Foram revisados os prontuários de 47 pacientes (53 olhos com retinopatia diabética proliferativa e catarata que foram submetidos ao procedimento combinado de vitrectomia via pars plana, facoemulsificação e implante de lente intra-ocular no mesmo ato cirúrgico, entre janeiro de 1991 e setembro de 1998 no Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, hospital de olhos filiado à Universidade de Miami. O estudo foi realizado em conjunto com a Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo 43 olhos de 40 pacientes. RESULTADOS: O tempo de seguimento variou de três a 60 meses com média de 20 meses. A idade dos pacientes variou de 37 a 77 anos com média de 59 anos. A acuidade visual melhorou duas linhas ou mais em relação ao pré-operatório em 26 (60,4% olhos, permaneceu a mesma em 9 (20,9% e piorou em 8 (18,6%. Em (23,2% 10 olhos a acuidade visual aumentou para 20/40. O teste estatístico chamado de "teste do sinal" mostrou-se estatisticamente significante na melhora da acuidade visual final. A complicação mais observada foi a hemorragia vítrea recorrente, ocorrendo em 12 (27,9% olhos, seguida pela inflamação transitória da câmara anterior em 9 olhos (20,9%. Complicações intra-operatórias relacionadas à extração do cristalino foram raras. No pós-operatório observaram-se captura da lente intra-ocular em 2 (4,6 % olhos e lente intra-ocular subluxada em 1 (2,3% olho. CONCLUSÕES: A cirurgia combinada de facoemulsificação, implante de lente intra-ocular e vitrectomia via pars plana em olhos com retinopatia diabética é procedimento bem tolerado e geralmente apresenta bons resultados com relação à acuidade visual. Um único procedimento para remover a catarata e

Comunidades ribeirinhas como forma socioespacial de expressão urbana na Amazônia: uma tipologia para a região do Baixo Tapajós (Pará-Brasil

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Silvana Amaral

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O fenômeno urbano na Amazônia contemporânea se estende pelo território e se estrutura por diversas formas socioespaciais, tais como as comunidades locais, que, ao formarem redes urbanas incipientes, têm características particulares definindo sua importância na estruturação do território regional. Neste artigo, é proposto o uso de técnicas quali-quantitativas para definir uma tipologia para as comunidades ribeirinhas do Baixo Tapajós (Pará: variáveis descritoras, obtidas por questionários de campo aplicados a 62 comunidades, entre Santarém e Itaituba, e submetidas à estatística multivariada. A partir da análise de componentes principais para 30 variáveis e agrupamento hierárquico, cinco grupos de comunidades foram identificados e descritos; resultado considerado consistente com as observações de campo. Variáveis relacionadas principalmente ao uso da terra e à infraestrutura condicionaram esta classificação. Comunidades em unidades de conservação, independente da localização na margem do Rio Tapajós, apresentaram situação distinta das demais, sendo que a presença do Estado, suportando programas governamentais, mostrou-se fundamental para manutenção de todas as comunidades.

Análisis de métodos de validación cruzada para la obtención robusta de parámetros biofísicos

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Ll. Pérez-Planells

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Los métodos de regresión no paramétricos son una gran herramienta estadística para obtener parámetros biofísicos a partir de medidas realizadas mediante teledetección. Pero los resultados obtenidos se pueden ver afectados por los datos utilizados en la fase de entrenamiento del modelo. Para asegurarse de que los modelos son robustos, se hace uso de varias técnicas de validación cruzada. Estas técnicas permiten evaluar el modelo con subconjuntos de la base de datos de campo. Aquí, se evalúan dos tipos de validación cruzada en el desarrollo de modelos de regresión no paramétricos: hold-out y k-fold. Los métodos de regresión lineal seleccionados fueron: Linear Regression (LR y Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR. Y los métodos no lineales: Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR y Gaussian Process Regression (GPR. Los resultados de la validación cruzada mostraron que LR ofrece los resultados más inestables, mientras KRR y GPR llevan a resultados más robustos. Este trabajo recomienda utilizar algoritmos de regresión no lineales (como KRR o GPR combinando con la validación cruzada k-fold con un valor de k igual a 10 para hacer la estimación de una manera robusta.

Prevalencia de microsporidios y otros parásitos intestinales en pacientes con infección por VIH, Bogotá, 2001.

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Astrid Carolina Flórez

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Los parásitos intestinales oportunistas son protozoos que causan diarrea en pacientes infectados con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH. Para determinar la prevalencia de microsporidios y otros parásitos oportunistas intestinales en pacientes infectados con el VIH con síntomas gastrointestinales y sistémicos, se estudiaron 115 pacientes que durante el 2001 consultaron al Hospital Santa Clara (33,0%, Clínica San Pedro-ISS (20,0%, Hospital Simón Bolívar (14,8%, San José (13,9%, Central de la Policía (6,1%, Compensar (5,2%, Liga de Lucha contra el Sida (2,6%, Hospital San Ignacio (2,6% y Hospital Militar (1,7%. La edad promedio fue de 36 años con un rango de 18 a 71 años; 14 eran mujeres y 101 hombres. La metodología empleada fue la recolección por paciente de dos muestras de materia fecal seriadas para montaje directo, concentración, coloración de Zielh Neelsen modificada para diagnóstico de coccidios intestinales y coloraciones de cromotropo modificada, Gramcromotropo y calcoflúor para diagnóstico de microsporidios. La prevalencia de oportunistas fue de 10,4 % para Cryptosporidium sp. En cuanto a microsporidios, se encontró que de 29% de positividad con cromotropo modificada como tamizaje, tan sólo 3,5% de las muestras se confirmaron como positivas con técnicas de calcoflúor y Gram-cromotropo. La prevalencia general de parásitos intestinales fue de 59,1%, de los cuales los principales patógenos fueron Blastocystis hominis con 25,2% y Entamoeba histolytica con 13%. En otros estudios con pacientes inmunosuprimidos por el VIH en Colombia, se han encontrado prevalencias de Cryptosporidium sp. menores que la hallada en esta investigación.

Concordancia entre los métodos de flotación con sulfato de zinc y sedimentación centrífuga para el diagnóstico de parásitos intestinales

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Elizabete de Jesus Inês

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción. El diagnóstico de infecciones parasitarias intestinales depende de la carga de parásitos, la densidad de la gravedad específica de los huevos/ooquistes/quistes de parásitos y de la densidad y viscosidad de los reactivos de flotación o sedimentación usados para procesar las heces. Objetivo. Evaluar la concordancia entre el método de flotación de sulfato de zinc y la sedimentación por centrifugación en la recuperación de helmintos y protozoos en muestras fecales de niños. Materiales y métodos. Las muestras fecales de 330 niños de las guarderías fueron evaluadas por las técnicas de flotación con sulfato de zinc y de sedimentación por centrifugación. Las frecuencias de detección de parásitos por cada método fueron determinadas y se evaluó la concordancia entre las técnicas de diagnóstico por el índice Kappa, con intervalos de confianza del 95%. Resultados. La flotación fecal con sulfato de zinc diagnosticó significativamente más casos de infección por Trichuris trichiura en comparación con la sedimentación por centrifugación (39/330; 11,8% versus 13/330; 3,9%, p<0,001, con un bajo acuerdo entre los métodos Kappa = 0,264 (95% IC, 0,102-0,427. Además, todas las muestras positivas para huevos de Enterobius vermicularis (n=5 y larvas de Strongyloides stercoralis (n=3 fueron diagnosticados solamente por sulfato de zinc. El método de flotación también detectó la mayor parte de las muestras positivas de Giardia duodenalis (74/83; 89,1% versus 67/83; 80,0%. En contraste, la sedimentación identificó con mayor frecuencia los protozoos Blastocystis spp. (38/46; 82,6% que el método ZS (33/46; 71,7%, aunque no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, con un considerable acuerdo entre los métodos para la identificación de ambos parásitos, Kappa=0,697 (95% CI, 0,691-0,859 and Kappa=0,675 (95% CI, 0,537-0,801, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Este estudio mostró que la flotación centr

Vitrectomía pars plana y reimplante de lente intraocular en surco Pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular lens repositioning in the sulcus

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Alejandro Guerra García

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se presentó un caso de lente intraocular luxado a vítreo en paciente con conteo bajo de células endoteliales e intolerancia a lentes de contacto. Se practicó vitrectomía pars plana con reimplante de lente en surco ciliar con el objetivo de demostrar la fiabilidad de la técnica para casos que presenten condiciones adecuadas y situaciones especiales. Se revisó la bibliografía para conocer las tendencias actuales con respecto al manejo de esta patología. El paciente alcanzó una agudeza visual de 20/30. El lente permaneció estable en el surco 3 meses después de practicada la vitrectomía. El manejo de esta entidad debe ser personalizado. La técnica utilizada debe ser siempre la primera opción de tratamiento y parece ser segura en casos cuidadosamente escogidos.A case of dislocated intraocular lens moved to the vitreous cavity in a patient with low endothelial cell count and contact lens intolerance was reported. A pars plana vitrectomy with lens repositioning was performed to demonstrate the safety of this technique for some special cases under adequate conditions. The literature was reviewed to learn about the current management of this pathology. Finally, patient's best visual acuity was 20/30. The stability of the lens was confirmed three month l after the vitrectomy. Management of this disorder should be customized. This technique should be considered as the first option of treatment and seems to be safe in selected cases.

Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas sobre saúde do trabalhador na Coordenação de Portos, Aeroportos, Fronteiras e Recintos Alfandegados do Pará, Brasil, 2008 /Knowledge, attitudes and practices on occupational health in the Coordination at Ports, Airports and Borders of Pará State, Brazil, in 2008

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Julio Cesar Colpo

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Este estudo buscou caracterizar a atuação, levantar hipóteses sobre agravos identifi cados e propor recomendações aos trabalhadores da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa da Coordenação de Portos, Aeroportos, Fronteiras e Recintos Alfandegados do Estado do Pará. Utilizou-se um estudo de corte transversal abordando dados demográfi cos, informações referidas sobre agravos presentes e atuação em Saúde do Trabalhador (ST. Os dados foram analisados no EpiInfo 6.04d. Foram entrevistados 91% servidores lotados no Pará. Os agravos crônicos não transmissíveis foram os mais evidentes, com prevalência dos agravos musculoesqueléticos. Recomenda-se maior atenção para a vigilância em saúde ocupacional para a Anvisa no estado do Pará. ----------------------------------------This study sought to characterize the performance, suggest hypotheses about problems identifi ed and propose recommendations to employees of the National Agency for Sanitary Surveillance (ANVISA Coordination of Ports, Airports, Borders and Bonded precincts of the state of Pará. We used a cross-sectional study demographic data, information about those grievances and present performance in Occupational Health. Data were analyzed in EpiInfo 6.04d. We interviewed 91% crowded servers in Pará state. The chronic non-communicable diseases were the most evident, with a prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. It is recommended more attention to occupational health surveillance for Anvisa in the Pará State.

EXAME PRÉ-PARTICIPAÇÃO ESPORTIVA E O PAR-Q, EM PRATICANTES DE ACADEMIAS

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Ingryd Maturo Andreazzi

Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: O Brasil tem o maior número de academias do mundo (cerca de 20 mil e aproximadamente de 3,6 milhões de brasileiros praticam atividade física nesses locais. Torna-se necessária uma padronização da triagem de praticantes de academia a fim de reduzir ao máximo o risco de morte súbita e outras morbidades associadas ao exercício físico. Objetivo: Comparar o Questionário de Prontidão para Atividade Física (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire, PAR-Q com o exame físico pré-participação esportiva na detecção de risco à saúde em praticantes de academia. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado nas cidades de São Bernardo do Campo e Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil. Foram avaliados 50 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, entre 18 e 35 anos que iniciariam atividades físicas. Realizou-se anamnese, exame físico geral e ortopédico, teste de flexibilidade e o PAR-Q. As variáveis quantitativas foram analisadas pela média, desvio padrão e porcentagens. A comparação das variáveis contínuas com distribuição normal foi feita pelo teste t e a comparação das variáveis qualitativas, pelo teste do qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher. Fixou-se em 5% a hipótese de nulidade. Resultados: O PAR-Q foi positivo em 20% dos entrevistados, assemelhando-se aos dados da anamnese, em que 28% relataram alguma doença. O questionário teve associação positiva em indivíduos que faziam uso de medicação (p = 0,001, história familiar de hipertensão arterial sistêmica (p = 0,001 e antecedentes de cirurgia (p = 0,03. Os participantes com PAR-Q positivo tiveram os maiores valores de índice de massa corpórea, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, mas a diferença não foi estatisticamente significante. O PAR-Q não foi capaz detectar morbidades clínicas como: asma (8%, dislipidemia (4%, hipotireoidismo (2%, tabagismo (8% e cirurgias prévias (40%. O exame abdominal e cardiopulmonar estava alterado em quatro

Colonia de abejas artificiales y optimización por enjambre de partículas para la estimación de parámetros de regresión no lineal

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Sergio Gerardo de los Cobos Silva

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta la comparación de los resultados de las técnicas heurísticas de ABC colonias de abejas artificiales (Artificial Bee Colony y PSO enjambres de partículas (Particle Swarm Optimization que son utilizadas para la estimación de parámetros de modelos de regresión no lineal. Los algoritmos fueron probados sobre 27 bases de datos de la colección NIST(2001, de las cuales 8 son consideradas con un alto grado de dificultad, 11 con un grado de dificultad medio y 8 con un grado de dificultad bajo. Se presentan los resultados experimentales.

Diversidade de Arctiinae (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae em área alterada em Altamira, Amazônia Oriental, Pará, Brasil Diversity of Arctiinae (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae in disturbed area at Altamira, Eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil

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José Augusto Teston

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho avaliou a fauna de Arctiinae em Altamira, Pará, numa área com forte ação antrópica, por meio de armadilhas luminosas, com capturas de duas noites a cada fase de lua nova por mês, no período de dezembro de 2007 a novembro de 2008. Na avaliação foram utilizados os parâmetros: riqueza, abundância, constância, índices de diversidade e uniformidade de Shannon (H’ e E’ e Brillouin (H e E, dominância de Berger-Parker (BP. As estimativas de riqueza foram feitas através dos procedimentos não paramétricos, “Bootstrap”, “Chao 1”, “Chao 2”, “Jackknife 1”, “Jackknife 2” e “Michaelis-Mentem”. Foram capturados 420 espécimes pertencentes a 64 táxons de Arctiinae, sendo 19 espécies registradas pela primeira vez no estado do Pará. Os valores dos parâmetros analisados para todo o período foram: H’= 4,69, E’= 0,781, H= 4,37, E= 0,732 e BP= 0,183. Durante o período menos chuvoso (junho-novembro foram encontrados os valores mais significativos para todos os parâmetros analisados. No período mais chuvoso (dezembro-maio foram encontrados os mais significativos percentuais de similaridade entre os meses. Os estimadores previram o encontro de mais espécies, entre 18,7% a 60,9%.This work evaluates the Arctiinae fauna in Altamira, Pará, in an area with strong human pressure, using light-traps during two nights at each stage of the new moon each month, from December 2007 to November 2008. The evaluation parameters were: richness, abundance, constancy, diversity index and evenness (Shannon H ‘and E’ and Brillouin (H and E, dominance of Berger-Parker (BP. The richness estimatives were made by means of non-parametric procedures, Bootstrap, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1, Jackknife 2 and Michaelis-Mentem. We captured 420 specimens belonging to 64 species of Arctiinae, and 19 species recorded for the first time in the state of Pará. The values of the parameters analyzed for the total period were: H �

Parámetros de evaluación para la inclusión e indización de revistas científicas en bases de datos locales e internacionales : Análisis sobre su aporte a la calidad de las publicaciones de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales

OpenAIRE

Rozemblum, Cecilia; Unzurrunzaga, Carolina; Pucacco, Cristian; Banzato, Guillermo

2012-01-01

En este trabajo se analizarán los parámetros que utiliza el CAICYT (CONICET) para determinar qué publicaciones integran el Núcleo Básico de Revistas Científicas Argentinas, iguales a los que emplea el Sistema Latindex para la inclusión en el nivel Catálogo, y se compararán con los criterios para la indización en RedALyC y Scopus. El objetivo es identificar las características de cada indicador en relación con su propósito, estimar su repercusión en lo que se denomina "calidad editorial" en un...

Análise inversa para determinação de parâmetros de deformabilidade de solos

OpenAIRE

Guimarães, Adinele Gomes

2008-01-01

A previsão do comportamento mecânico de maciços de solos requer a utilização de modelos constitutivos que representem mais adequadamente sua relação tensão-deformação. Alguns modelos podem incluir parâmetros de difícil obtenção em laboratório e sua determinação, ao envolver julgamentos de engenharia, é mais bem consumada por usuários experientes de um modelo particular. Alternativamente, os parâmetros podem ser obtidos utilizando a análise inversa. O procedimento matemático consiste, basicame...

Clave para las familias y subfamilias de Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera de Colombia Clave para las familias y subfamilias de Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera de Colombia

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Andrade C. Gonzalo

1990-09-01

Full Text Available A dicotomic key to determinate the diurnal butterflies of Colombia is provided. ilustrations about the groups are additioned. The study on Papilionoidea follows Ehrlich (1958. Se presenta una clave dicotómica para determinar las familias y subfamilias de mariposas diurnas de Colombia, con ilustraciones sobre la venación de los principales grupos. Para la determinación de los Papilionoidea se siguieron los parámetros propuestos por Ehrlich (1958.

Estimação de parâmetros genéticos para produção de leite de vacas da raça Holandesa via regressão aleatória Estimation of genetic parameters for Holstein cows milk production by random regression

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C.K.P. Dorneles

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 21.702 registros de produção de leite no dia do controle de 2.429 vacas primíparas da raça Holandesa, filhas de 233 touros, coletados em 33 rebanhos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, para estimar parâmetros genéticos para produção de leite no dia do controle. O modelo de regressão aleatória ajustado aos controles leiteiros entre o sexto e o 305º dia de lactação incluiu o efeito de rebanho-ano-mês do controle, idade da vaca no parto e os parâmetros do polinômio de Legendre de ordem quatro, para modelar a curva média da produção de leite da população e parâmetros do mesmo polinômio, para modelar os efeitos aleatórios genético-aditivo e de ambiente permanente. As variâncias genéticas e de ambiente permanente para produção de leite no dia do controle variaram, respectivamente, de 2,38 a 3,14 e de 7,55 a 10,35. As estimativas de herdabilidade aumentaram gradativamente do início (0,14 para o final do período de lactação (0,20, indicando ser uma característica de moderada herdabilidade. As correlações genéticas entre as produções de leite de diferentes estágios leiteiros variaram de 0,33 a 0,99 e foram maiores entre os controles adjacentes. As correlações de ambiente permanente seguiram a mesma tendência das correlações genéticas. O modelo de regressão aleatória com polinômio de Legendre de ordem quatro pode ser considerado como uma boa ferramenta para estimação de parâmetros genéticos para a produção de leite ao longo da lactação.A total of 21,702 records of milk production from 2,429 first-lactation Holstein cows, sired by 233 bulls, collected in 33 herds in the State of Rio Grande do Sul from 1991 to 2003, were used to estimate genetic parameters for that characteristic. The random regression model adjusted to test day from the 6th and the 305th lactation day included the effect of herd-year-month of the test day, the age of the cow at parturition, and the order fourth Legendre

Parietal epithelial cells and podocytes in glomerular diseases

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Smeets, B.; Moeller, M.J.

2012-01-01

In recent years, it has become apparent that parietal epithelial cells (PECs) play an important role within the renal glomerulus, in particular in diseased conditions. In this review, we examine current knowledge about the role of PECs and their interactions with podocytes in development and under

Multimodal responses induced by cortical stimulation of the parietal lobe: a stereo-electroencephalography study.

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Balestrini, Simona; Francione, Stefano; Mai, Roberto; Castana, Laura; Casaceli, Giuseppe; Marino, Daniela; Provinciali, Leandro; Cardinale, Francesco; Tassi, Laura

2015-09-01

The functional complexity of the parietal lobe still represents a challenge for neurophysiological and functional neuroimaging studies. While the somatosensory functions of the anterior parietal cortex are well established, the posterior parietal cortex has a relevant role in processing the sensory information, including visuo-spatial perception, visual attention, visuo-motor transformations and other complex and not completely understood functions. We retrospectively analysed all the clinical manifestations induced by intracerebral bipolar electrical stimulation in 172 patients suffering from drug-resistant focal epilepsy (mean age 25.6, standard deviation 11.6; 44% females and 56% males) with at least one electrode stereotactically implanted in the parietal cortex. A total of 1186 electrical stimulations were included in the analysis, of which 88 were subsequently excluded because of eliciting pathological electric activity or inducing ictal symptomatology. In the dominant parietal lobe, clinical responses were observed for 56 (25%) of the low-frequency stimulations and for 76 (50%) of the high-frequency stimulations. In the non-dominant parietal lobe, 111 (27%) low-frequency and 176 (55%) high-frequency stimulations were associated with a clinical response. Body scheme alteration was the only clinical effect showing a lateralization, as they were evoked only in the non-dominant hemisphere. The occurrence of somatosensory sensations, motor symptoms, dysarthria and multimodal responses were significantly associated with stimulation of the postcentral gyrus (odds ratio: 5.83, P < 0.001; odds ratio: 8.77, P < 0.001; odds ratio: 5.44, P = 0.011; odds ratio: 8.33, P = 0.006; respectively). Stimulation of the intraparietal sulcus was associated with the occurrence of sensory illusions or hallucinations (odds ratio: 8.68, P < 0.001) and eyeball/eyelid movements or sensations (odds ratio: 4.35, P = 0.047). To our knowledge, this is the only currently available complete

Protozoarios parásitos de importancia en salud pública transportados por Musca domestica Linnaeus en Lima, Perú

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Martín Cárdenas

2013-06-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo investiga los protozoarios parásitos de importancia para la salud pública transportados por Musca domestica. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre los meses de junio y diciembre de 1998, en los distritos de Comas y San Juan de Lurigancho de la provincia de Lima. Se estudiaron 3014 moscas colectadas en la basura acumulada en la vía pública de los pueblos jóvenes de los distritos mencionados. Las capturas se agruparon en lotes constituidos por un promedio de 30 moscas. Se estudiaron un total de 100 lotes. Las moscas fueron disecadas y procesadas con agua destilada estéril para obtener un macerado intestinal. Para la observación de los parásitos se utilizó el método directo simple y la coloración tricrómica de Gomori ácido resistente modificado. Se encontraron los siguientes protozoarios que parasitan al hombre: Blastocystis hominis (9,0%, Giardia lamblia (3,0%, Cryptosporidium sp. (2,0%, Cyclospora cayetanensis (1,0%, Iodamoeba bütschlii (17,0%, Endolimax nana (5,0% y Chilomastix mesnili (3,0%. Se reporta por primera vez para el Perú a B. hominis y Cyclospora cayetanensis en M. domestica.

Kinesthetic alexia due to left parietal lobe lesions.

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Ihori, Nami; Kawamura, Mitsuru; Araki, Shigeo; Kawachi, Juro

2002-01-01

To investigate the neuropsychological mechanisms of kinesthetic alexia, we asked 7 patients who showed kinesthetic alexia with preserved visual reading after damage to the left parietal region to perform tasks consisting of kinesthetic written reproduction (writing down the same letter as the kinesthetic stimulus), kinesthetic reading aloud, visual written reproduction (copying letters), and visual reading aloud of hiragana (Japanese phonograms). We compared the performance in these tasks and the lesion sites in each patient. The results suggested that deficits in any one of the following functions might cause kinesthetic alexia: (1) the retrieval of kinesthetic images (motor engrams) of characters from kinesthetic stimuli, (2) kinesthetic images themselves, (3) access to cross-modal association from kinesthetic images, and (4) cross-modal association itself (retrieval of auditory and visual images from kinesthetic images of characters). Each of these factors seemed to be related to different lesion sites in the left parietal lobe. Copyright 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel

Enhanced Working Memory Binding by Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Parietal Cortex

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Agustina Birba

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Recent works evince the critical role of visual short-term memory (STM binding deficits as a clinical and preclinical marker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD. These studies suggest a potential role of posterior brain regions in both the neurocognitive deficits of Alzheimer’s patients and STM binding in general. Thereupon, we surmised that stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC might be a successful approach to tackle working memory deficits in this condition, especially at early stages. To date, no causal evidence exists of the role of the parietal cortex in STM binding. A unique approach to assess this issue is afforded by single-subject direct intracranial electrical stimulation of specific brain regions during a relevant cognitive task. Electrical stimulation has been used both for clinical purposes and to causally probe brain mechanisms. Previous evidence of electrical currents spreading through white matter along well defined functional circuits indicates that visual working memory mechanisms are subserved by a specific widely distributed network. Here, we stimulated the parietal cortex of a subject with intracranial electrodes as he performed the visual STM task. We compared the ensuing results to those from a non-stimulated condition and to the performance of a matched control group. In brief, direct stimulation of the parietal cortex induced a selective improvement in STM. These results, together with previous studies, provide very preliminary but promising ground to examine behavioral changes upon parietal stimulation in AD. We discuss our results regarding: (a the usefulness of the task to target prodromal stages of AD; (b the role of a posterior network in STM binding and in AD; and (c the potential opportunity to improve STM binding through brain stimulation.

Novel role for proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) in membrane trafficking of proteinase-activated receptor 4 (PAR4).

Science.gov (United States)

Cunningham, Margaret R; McIntosh, Kathryn A; Pediani, John D; Robben, Joris; Cooke, Alexandra E; Nilsson, Mary; Gould, Gwyn W; Mundell, Stuart; Milligan, Graeme; Plevin, Robin

2012-05-11

Proteinase-activated receptors 4 (PAR(4)) is a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) recognized through the ability of serine proteases such as thrombin and trypsin to mediate receptor activation. Due to the irreversible nature of activation, a fresh supply of receptor is required to be mobilized to the cell surface for responsiveness to agonist to be sustained. Unlike other PAR subtypes, the mechanisms regulating receptor trafficking of PAR(4) remain unknown. Here, we report novel features of the intracellular trafficking of PAR(4) to the plasma membrane. PAR(4) was poorly expressed at the plasma membrane and largely retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a complex with the COPI protein subunit β-COP1. Analysis of the PAR(4) protein sequence identified an arginine-based (RXR) ER retention sequence located within intracellular loop-2 (R(183)AR → A(183)AA), mutation of which allowed efficient membrane delivery of PAR(4). Interestingly, co-expression with PAR(2) facilitated plasma membrane delivery of PAR(4), an effect produced through disruption of β-COP1 binding and facilitation of interaction with the chaperone protein 14-3-3ζ. Intermolecular FRET studies confirmed heterodimerization between PAR(2) and PAR(4). PAR(2) also enhanced glycosylation of PAR(4) and activation of PAR(4) signaling. Our results identify a novel regulatory role for PAR(2) in the anterograde traffic of PAR(4). PAR(2) was shown to both facilitate and abrogate protein interactions with PAR(4), impacting upon receptor localization and cell signal transduction. This work is likely to impact markedly upon the understanding of the receptor pharmacology of PAR(4) in normal physiology and disease.

Pedra do Peixe: redes sociais na circulação do pescado do Ver-o-Peso para a cidade de Belém do Pará

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Luiz de Jesus Dias da Silva

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma etnografia sobre a rede social envolvida no processo de circulação do pescado que chega diariamente ao mercado do Ver-o-Peso, principal entreposto pesqueiro da região amazônica, e é distribuído por toda a cidade de Belém do Pará. Diariamente, o pescado in natura, capturado e trazido em embarcações pesqueiras, entra na área urbana pela Pedra do Peixe, marco espacial e simbólico do mercado do Ver-o-Peso,no qual é vendido e distribuído na cidade e para outras praças do estado e do país, para chegar aos consumidores finais, que o encontram nas feiras, mercados, supermercados e outros pontos de venda, assim como nos restaurantes diversificados, em forma de pratos regionais preparados para os muitos apreciadores do produto. Essa extensa rede de comercialização do pescado apresenta aspectos econômicos, sociais, culturais, regras, informalidades e conflitos, que fazem com que a circulação do pescado em Belém permaneça, até a atualidade, com muito vigor, tendo a Pedra do Ver-o-Peso como centralidade do seu fluxo cotidiano, através das redes de relações e das práticas socioculturais incorporadas por trabalhadores e fregueses que circulam diariamente por esse espaço central da cidade.

Parâmetros genéticos para coelhos da raça Califórnia criados no Brasil Genetic parameters for Californian rabbits raised in Brazil

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M.G. Paula

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Registros de pesos de 3.249 coelhos, nascidos de 1980 a 1996 e, dados de pedigree de 4.857 coelhos da raça Califórnia, criados no Campus da USP de Pirassununga, São Paulo, submetidos à seleção por três gerações, com base em valores genéticos de pesos à desmama (PD e à 10ª semana de idade (P10 e ganho de peso da desmama até 10 semanas de idade (GPD10, foram analisados pelo método de modelos mistos sob modelos animais para obter estimativas de parâmetros genéticos para as características consideradas como parte do critério de seleção. As estimativas do coeficiente de herdabilidade encontradas foram de 0,23 para PD, de 0,44 para P10 e 0,39 para GP10, mostrando ser possível haver ganhos genéticos se aplicados processos seletivos. A correlação genética entre PD e P10 foi de 0,66 e entre PD e GPD10 foi baixa, indicando que as variáveis são praticamente independentes. A proporção da variância fenotípica devida aos efeitos permanentes de ninhada foi importante para todas as características. Os resultados sugerem que a seleção para características ponderais pode ser eficiente.Genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters of a population of Californian rabbits submitted to selection for three generations were studied. Traits analyzed were individual weaning weight (PD, weight at 10 weeks (P10 and average daily gain from weaning to 10 weeks of age (GPD10 using 3,249 records of weights of rabbits and pedigree information of 4,857 animals, born from 1980 to 1996, and selected based on an index of estimated breeding values for PD, P10 and GPD10. Permanent effects of litters were as important as additive genetic effects. Heritabilities for the three traits were .23 (PD, .44 (P10 and .39 (GPD10. Genetic correlations between PD and P10 and between PD and GPD10 were high (.66 and very low, respectively.

Análisis comparativo de algunos modelos analíticos para estrellas de quarks

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Manuel Malaver de la Fuente

2009-12-01

Full Text Available En la presente investigación se ha encontrado una nueva clase de soluciones que resuelven el sistema de ecuaciones de Maxwell-Einstein que satisface una ecuación lineal de estado para estrellas de quarks. Se propone una nueva forma particular de potencial gravitacional que depende de un parámetro ajustable, se resuelve el sistema de ecuaciones de MaxwellEinstein y se obtiene una ecuación diferencial de primer orden cuya solución es una familia de modelos analíticos singulares y no singulares para estrellas de quarks cargadas. Variables como la densidad de energía, la presión y la intensidad de campo eléctrico se escriben en términos de funciones racionales polinómicas. Una modificación del parámetro ajustable permite obtener una solución no singular propuesta por Komathiraj y Maharaj. A diferencia de otros modelos propuestos, la forma del potencial gravitacional escogido permite resolver la ecuación diferencial para cualquier valor del parámetro y obtener soluciones físicamente aceptables.

Análisis comparativo de algunos modelos analíticos para estrellas de quarks

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Manuel Malaver de la Fuente

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En la presente investigación se ha encontrado una nueva clase de soluciones que resuelven el sistema de ecuaciones de Maxwell-Einstein que satisface una ecuación lineal de estado para estrellas de quarks. Se propone una nueva forma particular de potencial gravitacional que depende de un parámetro ajustable, se resuelve el sistema de ecuaciones de Maxwell-Einstein y se obtiene una ecuación diferencial de primer orden cuya solución es una familia de modelos analíticos singulares y no singulares para estrellas de quarks cargadas. Variables como la densidad de energía, la presión y la intensidad de campo eléctrico se escriben en términos de funciones racionales polinómicas. Una modificación del parámetro ajustable permite obtener una solución no singular propuesta por Komathiraj y Maharaj. A diferencia de otros modelos propuestos, la forma del potencial gravitacional escogido permite resolver la ecuación diferencial para cualquier valor del parámetro y obtener soluciones físicamente aceptables.

"Derecho de locomoción", desplazamientos de cearenses al Pará y en el Pará(1889-1916

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Franciane Gama Lacerda

2013-02-01

Full Text Available El desplazamiento de personas de diferentes lugares, de la región que hoy se conoce como Nordeste en Brasil, hacia diversas áreas de la Amazonia, se consagró en la historiografía brasileña a partir de la participación de los emigrantes en la extracción de caucho a finales del siglo xix. Tal proceso migratorio, entretanto, es más complejo y está constituido de motivaciones e intereses varios. Este texto discute algunas de las motivaciones para los desplazamientos al Pará y los caminos deseados y/o tomados por los grupos de emigrantes que salieron del Ceará y llegaron a tierras paraenses entre 1889 y 1915.

Fronto-parietal coding of goal-directed actions performed by artificial agents.

Science.gov (United States)

Kupferberg, Aleksandra; Iacoboni, Marco; Flanagin, Virginia; Huber, Markus; Kasparbauer, Anna; Baumgartner, Thomas; Hasler, Gregor; Schmidt, Florian; Borst, Christoph; Glasauer, Stefan

2018-03-01

With advances in technology, artificial agents such as humanoid robots will soon become a part of our daily lives. For safe and intuitive collaboration, it is important to understand the goals behind their motor actions. In humans, this process is mediated by changes in activity in fronto-parietal brain areas. The extent to which these areas are activated when observing artificial agents indicates the naturalness and easiness of interaction. Previous studies indicated that fronto-parietal activity does not depend on whether the agent is human or artificial. However, it is unknown whether this activity is modulated by observing grasping (self-related action) and pointing actions (other-related action) performed by an artificial agent depending on the action goal. Therefore, we designed an experiment in which subjects observed human and artificial agents perform pointing and grasping actions aimed at two different object categories suggesting different goals. We found a signal increase in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule and the premotor cortex when tool versus food items were pointed to or grasped by both agents, probably reflecting the association of hand actions with the functional use of tools. Our results show that goal attribution engages the fronto-parietal network not only for observing a human but also a robotic agent for both self-related and social actions. The debriefing after the experiment has shown that actions of human-like artificial agents can be perceived as being goal-directed. Therefore, humans will be able to interact with service robots intuitively in various domains such as education, healthcare, public service, and entertainment. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Modelización de un sistema para control automático de temperatura y humedad relativa

OpenAIRE

Mantz, Ricardo J.; Tacconi, Eugenio J.

1987-01-01

En el presente trabajo se plantea un modelo matemático para un sistema de temperatura y humedad relativa en vista a investigar técnicas autoajustables para su control. Se plantean también una serie de consideraciones para la estimación de los parámetros del sistema a lazo cerrado.

Estimación de los Parámetros de un Modelo de una Celda Fotovoltaica Utilizando un Algoritmo de Optimización de Búsqueda de Patrones

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Andrés Felipe Tobón-Mejía

2015-07-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se propone un nuevo método para la estimación de los parámetros del modelo matemático de una celda fotovoltaica de un solo diodo. El trabajo está basado en el algoritmo de optimización llamado Pattern Search Method (MPS, por sus siglas en inglés. Los parámetros estimados son: corriente de diodo, corriente de saturación, resistencia en serie, resistencia en paralelo y el factor del diodo ideal. Los resultados muestran que es posible obtener el modelo equivalente a través de la identificación de los parámetros. Adicionalmente, los resultados obtenidos son comparados con datos obtenidos mediante un emulador de celdas fotovoltaicas. Para realizar los experimentos se asumió condiciones controladas, es decir, temperatura e irradiación constantes. De esta manera, se puede deducir que el método propuesto se puede utilizar en aplicaciones de control para el seguimiento del máximo punto de potencia (MPPT, por sus siglas en inglés de celdas fotovoltaicas.

The contribution of the human posterior parietal cortex to episodic memory.

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Sestieri, Carlo; Shulman, Gordon L; Corbetta, Maurizio

2017-02-17

The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is traditionally associated with attention, perceptual decision making and sensorimotor transformations, but more recent human neuroimaging studies support an additional role in episodic memory retrieval. In this Opinion article, we present a functional-anatomical model of the involvement of the PPC in memory retrieval. Parietal regions involved in perceptual attention and episodic memory are largely segregated and often show a push-pull relationship, potentially mediated by prefrontal regions. Moreover, different PPC regions carry out specific functions during retrieval - for example, representing retrieved information, recoding this information based on task demands, or accumulating evidence for memory decisions.

The role of parietal cortex in the formation of colour and motion based concepts

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Samuel William Cheadle

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Imaging evidence shows that separate subdivisions of parietal cortex, in and around the intraparietal sulcus (IPS, are engaged when stimuli are grouped according to colour and to motion (Zeki and Stutters 2013. Since grouping is an essential step in the formation of concepts, we wanted to learn whether parietal cortex is also engaged in the formation of concepts according to these two attributes. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, and choosing the recognition of concept-based colour or motion stimuli as our paradigm, we found that there was strong concept-related activity in and around the intraparietal sulcus (IPS, a region whose homologue in the macaque monkey is known to receive direct but segregated anatomical inputs from V4 and V5. Parietal activity related to colour concepts was juxtaposed but did not overlap with activity related to motion concepts, thus emphasizing the continuation of the segregation of colour and motion into the conceptual system. Concurrent retinotopic mapping experiments showed that within the parietal cortex, concept-related activity increases within later stage IPS areas.

Monitoreo de parásitos en efluentes domiciliarios

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Semenas Liliana

1999-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Evaluar la presencia de parásitos en efluentes semisólidos y líquidos en distintas localidades de la Patagonia argentina considerando que ésta es una de las restricciones para su uso. MÉTODOS: Las muestras tomadas en 4 Plantas de Tratamiento de Efluentes Domiciliarios se analizaron siguiendo las normativas de Environmental Protection Agency, Organización Mundial de la Salud, Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater y de algunas clasificaciones. RESULTADOS: Solamente 2 de las 6 muestras de semisólidos analizadas tenían huevos de Ascaris lumbricoides no viables. De las 10 muestras líquidas, solamente 2 no tenían huevos mientras las restantes tenían patógenos de las categorías I (Giardia sp., Hymenolepis diminuta y Enterobius vermicularis y III (Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale y Trichuris trichiura. CONCLUSIONES: Todas las muestras de semisólidos analizadas fueron aptas para su uso como fertilizantes porque no se registró en ninguna de ellas la presencia de huevos viables de Ascaris lumbricoides y solamente 6 de las muestras líquidas fueron aptas para riego por carecer de huevos o por ser su concentración igual o inferior a 1 huevo por litro.

Determinação do ponto de carga zero da bauxita da região nordeste do Pará Determination of the zero point of charge of the northeast of Pará bauxite

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R. L. S. Pinto

2012-12-01

Full Text Available No nordeste do Pará o transporte da polpa de bauxita é através de mineroduto, sendo a viscosidade um parâmetro de controle fundamental para o bombeamento do minério. Este estudo ilustra a influência do pH na reologia da polpa por meio da determinação do ponto de carga zero (pHpcz da bauxita. Foram efetuadas análise granulométrica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura, ensaios potenciométricos testando o cloreto de amônia como eletrólito indiferente e ensaios reológicos em diferentes valores de pH. Os resultados revelaram que o cloreto de amônia pode ser utilizado como eletrólito indiferente para esse tipo de análise e que ocorre a redução da viscosidade em valores de pH distantes do ponto de carga zero.In the northeast of Pará, Brazil, the transport of bauxite pulp is through pipeline, being the viscosity a parameter which can interfere in the pumping. This study illustrates the influence of pH on pulp rheology through of determination of the zero point of charge. Were done particle size analysis, SEM, EDS, potentiometric tests testing ammonia chloride as indifferent electrolyte and rheological tests at different pH values. The results revealed that ammonia chloride can be used as indifferent electrolyte and showed a decrease in viscosity when there is far of the zero point of charge.

Investigation of Parietal Polysaccharides from Retama raetam Roots ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

These results indicate the presence of the homogalacturonans and rhamnogalacturonans in pectin. This study constitutes the preliminary data obtained in the biochemical analysis of the parietal compounds of the roots of a species which grows in an arid area in comparison with those of its aerial parts. Keywords: Retama ...

Fractionation of parietal function in bistable perception probed with concurrent TMS-EEG.

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Schauer, Georg; Chang, Acer; Schwartzman, David; Rae, Charlotte L; Iriye, Heather; Seth, Anil K; Kanai, Ryota

2016-08-16

When visual input has conflicting interpretations, conscious perception can alternate spontaneously between these possible interpretations. This is called bistable perception. Previous neuroimaging studies have indicated the involvement of two right parietal areas in resolving perceptual ambiguity (ant-SPLr and post-SPLr). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies that selectively interfered with the normal function of these regions suggest that they play opposing roles in this type of perceptual switch. In the present study, we investigated this fractionation of parietal function by use of combined TMS with electroencephalography (EEG). Specifically, while participants viewed either a bistable stimulus, a replay stimulus, or resting-state fixation, we applied single pulse TMS to either location independently while simultaneously recording EEG. Combined with participant's individual structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, this dataset allows for complex analyses of the effect of TMS on neural time series data, which may further elucidate the causal role of the parietal cortex in ambiguous perception.

Parietal seeding of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

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Marmorale, C; Scibé, R; Siquini, W; Massa, M; Brunelli, A; Landi, E

1998-01-01

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (VALC) represents the treatment of choice for the symptomatic gallstones. However the occurrence of an adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder results a controindication for this surgical technique. We present a case of a 52 years old woman who underwent a VALC; histology revealed a gallbladder adenocarcinoma. For this reason the patient underwent a second operation that is right hepatic trisegmentectomy. Six months later the patient presented with a parietal recurrence at the extraction site of the gallbladder. We discuss the possible mechanism responsible for carcinomatous dissemination during laparoscopic surgery and we raccommend the use of some procedures in order to limit the risk and eventually to treat a neoplastic parietal seeding. These complications suggest the problem about the utility and the future played by video assisted laparoscopic surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of intraabdominal malignancies.

Índice de desempenho competitivo das empresas de polpa de frutas do Estado do Pará

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Antônio Cordeiro de Santana

2007-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi construir um índice de desempenho competitivo para as empresas de polpa de frutas do Estado do Pará. Utilizaram-se as técnicas de análise fatorial e de regressão múltipla para estimar o IDC. Os resultados mostraram que, das 27 empresas analisadas, apenas uma empresa apresentou alto IDC e três IDC intermediários. Finalmente, observou-se uma relação positiva entre as variáveis margens de lucro e número de fornecedores e o IDC das empresas.The objective of this paper was to construct a competitive performance index (CPI for the fruit’s pulp firms of State of Pará. A factor analysis and multiple regression models were used to estimate the CPI. Out the 27 firms analyzed, the results showed that only one firm presented a high CPI and three firms are obtaining intermediate CPI. Finally, there is a positive relationship between the firms’ CPI and the variables profit’s margins and number of supplier was observed.

Importância dos parâmetros seminais nos resultados de inseminação intra-uterina

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Borges Junior Edson

2003-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: analisar a relevância dos parâmetros seminais nos resultados dos ciclos de inseminação intra-uterina (IIU em pacientes com causa masculina de infertilidade e salientar o caráter prognóstico de cada parâmetro para o sucesso da técnica. MÉTODOS: duzentos e trinta e nove ciclos de IIU (155 casais foram analisados durante período de 15 meses. Todos as pacientes foram submetidas à indução da ovulação de acordo com protocolos do I Consenso Brasileiro de Indução de Ovulação. A análise seminal foi realizada de acordo com os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS para parâmetros como concentração e motilidade e critério estrito de Kruger para avaliação da morfologia. O preparo da amostra para IIU foi realizado por meio de gradientes descontínuos de densidade (ISolate®. Foram formados dois grupos de pacientes de acordo com o resultado de gestação: grupo G - gestação positiva e grupo NG - gestação negativa. RESULTADOS: não houve diferença significativa nos valores obtidos relacionados à concentração total de espermatozóides/mL de sêmen, motilidade total, motilidade de formas progressivas antes e depois do processamento seminal. Quando a morfologia estrita de Kruger foi comparada entre os dois grupos, diferenças significativas foram encontradas (grupo G=10,6% de formas normais; grupo NG=6,4% de formas normais; p<0.05 quando o número de espermatozóides/mL inseminados foi superior a 15 milhões/mL, a taxa de gravidez foi significantemente maior. CONCLUSÕES: tanto a morfologia estrita de Kruger como o número de espermatozóides inseminados parecem ser fatores prognósticos positivos para o estabelecimento da gestação, devendo ser salientados na investigação do homem infértil.

Métodos de análisis para preamplificadores de audio

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Andrés F. Pardo V.

2010-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo, se plantean metodologías para la medición de los parámetros más importantes de un preamplificador: slew rate –tiempo de respuesta–, ancho de banda –respuesta en frecuencia–, distorsión armónica total –THD%– y relación señal ruido; para lo que se utilizan analizadores de espectro, generadores de señal, multímetro, cables, entre otros. Para corroborar estas metodologías, se efectúan mediciones en cuatro preamplificadores diferentes.

Influencia de parámetros clínicos sobre la severidad de la recesión gingival localizada

OpenAIRE

A. García-Rubio; A.L. Bujaldón-Daza; A. Rodríguez-Archilla

2015-01-01

Introducción: La recesión gingival localizada es un problema de salud bucodental fundamental porque su progresión conduce a la pérdida dentaria. El propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia de distintos parámetros clínicos sobre la recesión gingival localizada. Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 40 pacientes con recesión gingival localizada en los que se analizaron diversos parámetros clínicos relacionados con la recesión gingival. Para la comparación de variables cuantitativas se ut...

Neuronal synchronization in human parietal cortex during saccade planning

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Werf, J. van der; Buchholz, V.N.; Jensen, O.; Medendorp, W.P.

2009-01-01

Neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies have implicated the human posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in sensorimotor integration and saccade planning However, the temporal dynamics of the underlying physiology and its relationship to observations in non-human primates have been difficult to pin

Método fisicoquímico para el control de Pediculus humanus capitis

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C. Corredor

1994-03-01

Full Text Available La pediculosis humana causada por el ectoparásito Pediculus humanus capitis, ha sido exitosamente controlada utilizando como insecticida los alcoholes presentes en las bebidas etílicas (aguardiente. La acción ietal de los alcoholes de bebida sobre el parásito es atribuida al efecto neurotóxico, así como a su acción desnaturalizante de biomoléculas celulares. El tratamiento se hace cubriendo el cabello y todas las áreas del cuero cabelludo con una bolsa plástica desechable, fijada con cinta adhesiva, previo remojo con 15-50 ml de alcohol de bebida, de todo el cabello. La atmósfera circundante del parásito queda saturada de vapores etílicos, de agua y CO2, por un período de 30-60 minutos, lo cual es letal para huevos, larvas y adultos del insecto parásito. Se dan normas cautelosas para garantizar la acción insecticida de los alcoholes de bebida en el control de la pediculosis.

The Neuroanatomical Basis for Posterior Superior Parietal Lobule Control Lateralization of visuospatial Attention

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Yan eWu

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The right hemispheric dominance in visuospatial attention in human brain has been well established. Converging evidence has documented that ventral posterior parietal cortex (PPC plays an important role in visuospatial attention. The role of dorsal PPC subregions, especially the superior parietal lobule (SPL in visuospatial attention is still controversial. In the current study, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI techniques to test the role of posterior SPL in visuospatial attention and to investigate the potential neuroanatomical basis for right hemisphere dominance in visuospatial function. TMS results unraveled that the right SPL predominantly mediated visuospatial attention compared to left SPL. Anatomical connections analyses between the posterior SPL and the intrahemispheric frontal subregions and the contralateral PPC revealed that right posterior SPL has stronger anatomical connections with the ipsilateral middle frontal gyrus, with the ipsilateral inferior frontal gyrus, and with contralateral PPC than that of the left posterior SPL. Furthermore, these asymmetric anatomical connections were closely related to behavioral performances. Our findings indicate that SPL plays a crucial role in regulating visuospatial attention, and dominance of visuospatial attention results from unbalanced interactions between the bilateral fronto-parietal networks and the interhemispheric parietal network.

Manipulación genética y el estudio del parásito protozoario Leishmania.

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Tania M. Cortázar

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Durante los últimos 15 años se ha dado paso al entendimiento de muchos aspectos de la genómica funcional de Leishmania gracias a los avances en la metodología de transfección de ADN dentro de la célula de este protozoario, la eliminación y la complementación de genes por medio de recombinación homóloga y las estrategias para la selección de células transfectadas. Estos acercamientos tienen el potencial de brindar información sobre la expresión génica y la función de las proteínas en el contexto del parásito intacto. Dado que el genoma de Leishmania muestra una carencia acentuada de los factores conocidos de iniciación de la transcripción y que la expresión génica está regulada casi completamente a nivel postranscripcional (a través del empalme de los ARNm y los mecanismos que involucran el procesamiento diferencial de la región no traducida 3' del ARNm (3?UTR, la transfección génica representa una herramienta útil para la identificación y el análisis funcional de los genes de interés así como de los mecanismos que dirigen su regulación. El desarrollo de los sistemas de manipulación genética también ha abierto nuevos horizontes para la identificación de genes esenciales involucrados en la virulencia, la supervivencia intracelular y la resistencia a drogas de Leishmania, así como para la validación de proteínas específicas del parásito como nuevos blancos quimio e inmunoterapéuticos. En esta revisión presentamos los avances más recientes en el campo de la manipulación genética en Leishmania, los cuales permiten análisis estructurales, funcionales y de fenotipo, por medio de la eliminación y complementación génica a través de la transfección transitoria o permanente de genes en este parásito.

Parcerias institucionais e evolução do extrativismo de jaborandi na Floresta Nacional de Carajás, Pará, Brasil

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Fabiano Gumier-Costa

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo discute o extrativismo vegetal na região Amazônica a partir da coleta extrativa de folhas de jaborandi, na região de Carajás (Pará, Brasil. Esta planta é utilizada para a extração de pilocarpina que é o insumo para a produção de colírios para tratamento de glaucoma. Buscou-se analisar e teorizar sobre os complexos e múltiplos fatores que determinam a substituição, ou não, da atividade extrativista. A estabilização da demanda nacional e internacional por pilocarpina está permitindo a coexistência do dualismo tecnológico do cultivo da planta e o processo extrativista. Também fica evidente a estratégia por parte de uma das empresas que lideram a extração e exportação de pilocarpina em agregar uma imagem positiva decorrente das parcerias com comunidades extrativistas no Pará e outras regiões de ocorrência natural do jaborandi.

Exogenous vs. endogenous attention: Shifting the balance of fronto-parietal activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Meyer, Kristin N; Du, Feng; Parks, Emily; Hopfinger, Joseph B

2018-03-01

Despite behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for dissociations between endogenous (voluntary) and exogenous (reflexive) attention, fMRI results have yet to consistently and clearly differentiate neural activation patterns between these two types of attention. This study specifically aimed to determine whether activity in the dorsal fronto-parietal network differed between endogenous and exogenous conditions. Participants performed a visual discrimination task in endogenous and exogenous attention conditions while undergoing fMRI scanning. Analyses revealed robust and bilateral activation throughout the dorsal fronto-parietal network for each condition, in line with many previous results. In order to investigate possible differences in the balance of neural activity within this network with greater sensitivity, a priori regions of interest (ROIs) were selected for analysis, centered on the frontal eye fields (FEF) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS) regions identified in previous studies. The results revealed a significant interaction between region, condition, and hemisphere. Specifically, in the left hemisphere, frontal areas were more active than parietal areas, but only during endogenous attention. Activity in the right hemisphere, in contrast, remained relatively consistent for these regions across conditions. Analysis of this activity over time indicates that this left-hemispheric regional imbalance is present within the FEF early, at 3-6.5 s post-stimulus presentation, whereas a regional imbalance in the exogenous condition is not evident until 6.5-8 s post-stimulus presentation. Overall, our results provide new evidence that although the dorsal fronto-parietal network is indeed associated with both types of attentional orienting, regions of the network are differentially engaged over time and across hemispheres depending on the type of attention. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Differential Recruitment of Parietal Cortex during Spatial and Non-spatial Reach Planning

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Pierre-Michel Bernier

2017-05-01

Full Text Available The planning of goal-directed arm reaching movements is associated with activity in the dorsal parieto-frontal cortex, within which multiple regions subserve the integration of arm- and target-related sensory signals to encode a motor goal. Surprisingly, many of these regions show sustained activity during reach preparation even when target location is not specified, i.e., when a motor goal cannot be unambiguously formed. The functional role of these non-spatial preparatory signals remains unresolved. Here this process was investigated in humans by comparing reach preparatory activity in the presence or absence of information regarding upcoming target location. In order to isolate the processes specific to reaching and to control for visuospatial attentional factors, the reaching task was contrasted to a finger movement task. Functional MRI and electroencephalography (EEG were used to characterize the spatio-temporal pattern of reach-related activity in the parieto-frontal cortex. Reach planning with advance knowledge of target location induced robust blood oxygenated level dependent and EEG responses across parietal and premotor regions contralateral to the reaching arm. In contrast, reach preparation without knowledge of target location was associated with a significant BOLD response bilaterally in the parietal cortex. Furthermore, EEG alpha- and beta-band activity was restricted to parietal scalp sites, the magnitude of the latter being correlated with reach reaction times. These results suggest an intermediate stage of sensorimotor transformations in bilateral parietal cortex when target location is not specified.

Bilateral parietal extradural metastatic ewing's sarcoma simulating acute epidural hematoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aslam, E.; Imran, M.; Faridi, N.M.

2006-01-01

Sarcomas usually metastasize to lugs. The following case report describes an unusual metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma to extradural parietal region bilaterally. The primary was found at lower end of ulna. (author)

Clinical evidence of parietal cortex dysfunction and correlation with extent of allodynia in CRPS type 1.

Science.gov (United States)

Cohen, H; McCabe, C; Harris, N; Hall, J; Lewis, J; Blake, D R

2013-04-01

Unusual symptoms such as digit misidentification and neglect-like phenomena have been reported in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), which we hypothesized could be explained by parietal lobe dysfunction. Twenty-two patients with chronic CRPS attending an in-patient rehabilitation programme underwent standard neurological examination followed by clinical assessment of parietal lobe function and detailed sensory testing. Fifteen (68%) patients had evidence of parietal lobe dysfunction. Six (27%) subjects failed six or more test categories and demonstrated new clinical signs consistent with their parietal testing impairments, which were impacting significantly on activities of daily living. A higher incidence was noted in subjects with >1 limb involvement, CRPS affecting the dominant side and in left-handed subjects. Eighteen patients (82%) had mechanical allodynia covering 3-57.5% of the body surface area. Allochiria (unilateral tactile stimulation perceived only in the analogous location on the opposite limb), sensory extinction (concurrent bilateral tactile stimulation perceived only in one limb), referred sensations (unilateral tactile stimulation perceived concurrently in another discrete body area) and dysynchiria (unilateral non-noxious tactile stimulation perceived bilaterally as noxious) were present in some patients. Greater extent of body surface allodynia was correlated with worse parietal function (Spearman's rho = -0.674, p = 0.001). In patients with chronic CRPS, detailed clinical examination may reveal parietal dysfunction, with severity relating to the extent of allodynia. © 2012 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters.

Does shape discrimination by the mouth activate the parietal and occipital lobes? - near-infrared spectroscopy study.

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Tomonori Kagawa

Full Text Available A cross-modal association between somatosensory tactile sensation and parietal and occipital activities during Braille reading was initially discovered in tests with blind subjects, with sighted and blindfolded healthy subjects used as controls. However, the neural background of oral stereognosis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether the parietal and occipital cortices are activated during shape discrimination by the mouth using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS. Following presentation of the test piece shape, a sham discrimination trial without the test pieces induced posterior parietal lobe (BA7, extrastriate cortex (BA18, BA19, and striate cortex (BA17 activation as compared with the rest session, while shape discrimination of the test pieces markedly activated those areas as compared with the rest session. Furthermore, shape discrimination of the test pieces specifically activated the posterior parietal cortex (precuneus/BA7, extrastriate cortex (BA18, 19, and striate cortex (BA17, as compared with sham sessions without a test piece. We concluded that oral tactile sensation is recognized through tactile/visual cross-modal substrates in the parietal and occipital cortices during shape discrimination by the mouth.

Multicenter prospective randomized study comparing the technique of using a bovine pericardium biological prosthesis reinforcement in parietal herniorrhaphy (Tutomesh TUTOGEN) with simple parietal herniorrhaphy, in a potentially contaminated setting.

Science.gov (United States)

Nedelcu, Marius; Verhaeghe, Pierre; Skalli, Mehdi; Champault, Gerard; Barrat, Christophe; Sebbag, Hugues; Reche, Fabian; Passebois, Laurent; Beyrne, Daniel; Gugenheim, Jean; Berdah, Stephane; Bouayed, Amine; Michel Fabre, Jean; Nocca, David

2016-03-01

The use of parietal synthetic prosthetic reinforcement material in potentially contaminated settings is not recommended, as there is a risk that the prosthesis may become infected. Thus, simple parietal herniorrhaphy, is the conventional treatment, even though there is a significant risk that the hernia may recur. Using new biomaterials of animal origin presently appears to offer a new therapeutic solution, but their effectiveness has yet to be demonstrated. The purpose of this multicenter prospective randomized single-blind study was to compare the surgical treatment of inguinal hernia or abdominal incisional hernia by simple parietal herniorrhaphy without prosthetic reinforcement (Group A), with Tutomesh TUTOGEN biological prosthesis reinforcement parietal herniorrhaphy (Group B), in a potentially contaminated setting. We examined early postoperative complications in the first month after the operation, performed an assessment after one year of survival without recurrence and analyzed the quality of life and pain of the patients (using SF-12 health status questionnaire and Visual Analog Pain Scale) at 1, 6, and 12 months, together with an economic impact study. Hundred and thirty four patients were enrolled between January 2009 and October 2010 in 20 French hospitals. The groups were comparable with respect to their enrollment characteristics, their history, types of operative indications and procedures carried out. At one month post-op, the rate of infectious complications (n(A) = 11(18.33%) vs. n(B) = 12(19.05%), p = 0.919) was not significantly different between the two groups. The assessment after one year of survival without recurrence revealed that survival was significantly greater in Group B (Group A recurrence: 10, Group B: 3; p = 0.0475). No difference in the patients' quality of life was demonstrated at 1, 6, or 12 months. However, at the 1 month follow-up, the "perceived health" rating seemed better in the group with Tutomesh (p�

Análisis, diseño e implementación del subsistema de evaluación académico-directivo para la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana

OpenAIRE

Cando Jara, Romel Mauricio; Vélez Torres, Verónica Jackeline; Zhindón Mora, Martín Geovanny

2008-01-01

El presente proyecto de Tesis trata del análisis, diseño e implementación de un Subsistema que formará parte del SISTEMA NACIONAL ACADEMICO (SNA) en el cual se desarrollaron los siguientes módulos: Ingreso de Parámetros: En este módulo está incluida la definición de parámetros generales y de formularios. En los parámetros generales tenemos opciones para definir de manera independiente las categorías de preguntas, tipos de formularios, tipos de datos y las equivalencias para las evaluaci...

Federalismo Cooperativo e Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR – algumas aproximações teóricas

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Karla Cristina Silva Sousa

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o federalismo brasileiro a partir da matriz teórica self rule plus shared rule, ou seja, o federalismo enquanto pacto. A partir desta matriz teórica defende-se que a política educacional voltada para dinamizar o pacto federativo na área educacional por meio do regime de colaboração por ora denominada de Plano de Ações Articuladas (PAR constitui-se na realidade um mecanismo de center constraining aos subgovernos nacionais em que a União situa-se como a grande demos constraining do federalismo brasileiro, caracterizando-se um pacto incompleto. Palavras-Chave: Federalismo Cooperativo. Plano de Ações Articuladas. Pacto federativo. Federalism Cooperative and Action Plan Articulated (PAR – some theoretical approaches ABSTRACT The article discusses the Brazilian federalism from the theoretical matrix self rule plus shared rule, ie federalism while pact. From this theoretical framework it is argued that the educational policy to streamline the federal pact in education through collaboration scheme now called Articulated Action Plan (PAR constitutes in fact a center constraining mechanism to sub governments national where the Union stands as the great demos constraining the Brazilian federalism, characterizing na incomplete agreement. Keywords: Cooperative Federalism. Plan Linked Shares. Federal pact. Federalismo Cooperativo y Plan de Acciones Articuladas (PAR – algunos enfoques teóricos RESUMEN El artículo discute el federalismo brasilero a partir de la matriz teórica self rule plus shared rule. O sea el federalismo como pacto. A partir de esta matriz teórica se defiende que la política educacional está encaminada para dinamizar el pacto federativo en el área educacional por medio del régimen de colaboración por ahora denominado Plan de Acciones Articuladas (PAR se constituye en una realidad, un mecanismo de center constraining a los subgobiernos nacionales donde la unión se sitúa como la grande demos

Pierre Vilar Frontinhan 1906 - París 2003

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Pablo Rodríguez

2003-01-01

Full Text Available En el pasado mes de agosto falleció en París el historiador y maestro de tantas generaciones Pierre Vilar. Aunque había mantenido una intensa actividad de reflexión sobre los sucesos contemporáneos, ésta se vio afectada en 1991 luego que una grave enfermedad le negó la visión. Fue entonces cuando decidió con la ayuda de Rosa Congost escribir sus reflexiones y recuerdos, especie de memoria de juventud. Pensar Históricamente (Barcelona: Editorial Crítica, 1997, el libro que reúne estos ejercicios, es una obra de sumo interés para conocer la infancia, adolescencia y juventud de este connotado historiador.

Par Pond vegetation status 1996

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.

1996-12-01

The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the newly emergent, shoreline aquatic plant communities of Par Pond began in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level. These surveys continued in July, September, and late October, 1995, and into the early spring and late summer of 1996. Communities similar to the pre-drawdown, Par Pond aquatic plant communities continue to become re-established. Emergent beds of maidencane, lotus, waterlily, watershield, and Pontederia are extensive and well developed. Measures of percent cover, width of beds, and estimates of area of coverage with satellite data indicate regrowth within two years of from 40 to 60% of levels prior to the draw down. Cattail occurrence continued to increase during the summer of 1996, especially in the former warm arm of Par Pond, but large beds common to Par Pond prior to the draw down still have not formed. Lotus has invaded and occupies many of the areas formerly dominated by cattail beds. To track the continued development of macrophytes in Par Pond, future surveys through the summer and early fall of 1997, along with the evaluation of satellite data to map the extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond, are planned

Fronto-Parietal Network Reconfiguration Supports the Development of Reasoning Ability.

Science.gov (United States)

Wendelken, Carter; Ferrer, Emilio; Whitaker, Kirstie J; Bunge, Silvia A

2016-05-01

The goal of this fMRI study was to examine how well developmental improvements in reasoning ability can be explained by changes in functional connectivity between specific nodes in prefrontal and parietal cortices. To this end, we examined connectivity within the lateral fronto-parietal network (LFPN) and its relation to reasoning ability in 132 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years, 56 of whom were scanned twice over the course of 1.5 years. Developmental changes in strength of connections within the LFPN were most prominent in late childhood and early adolescence. Reasoning ability was related to functional connectivity between left rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), but only among 12-18-year olds. For 9-11-year olds, reasoning ability was most strongly related to connectivity between left and right RLPFC; this relationship was mediated by working memory. For 6-8-year olds, significant relationships between connectivity and performance were not observed; in this group, processing speed was the primary mediator of improvement in reasoning ability. We conclude that different connections best support reasoning at different points in development and that RLPFC-IPL connectivity becomes an important predictor of reasoning during adolescence. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

The fMRI study on the front-parietal activation in abacus mental calculation trained children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhao Kunyuan; Wang Bin; Long Jinfeng; Li Lixin; Shen Xiaojun

2010-01-01

Objective: To investigate the difference in front-parietal activation between the trained and untrained children engaged in addition and multiplication with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and to explore the role of abacus mental calculation in brain development. Methods: Twenty-four children trained with abacus mental calculation and twelve untrained children performed mental calculation tasks including addition, multiplication and number-object control judging tasks. Blood oxygenation level dependence (BOLD) fMRI was performed when they were calculating. All data were analyzed by SPM2 (statistical parametric mapping 2) to generate the brain activation map. Results: The performance of the trained group had better correctness and shorter reaction time than that of the untrained group. The front-parietal activation between two groups had obvious difference. The activation involved less prefrontal cortex in the trained group than in the untrained group (P<0.05). The parietal activation in the trained group was mainly in the posterior superior parietal lobe/ precuneus, whereas the activation areas focused on the inferior parietal lobule in the untrained group. Conclusion: Abacus mental calculation involves multiple functional areas. and these areas may work together as a whole in processing arithmetic problems. Abacus mental calculation not only enhances the information processing in some brain areas and improves the utilization efficiency of neural resources, but also plays an important role in developing brain. (authors)

MAPEAMENTO GEOLITERÁRIO: UMA PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA PARA OS ESTUDOS GEOGRÁFICOS

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Walter Luiz Jardim Rodrigues

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Os romances são produções literárias que abrigam em suas páginas, variadas possibilidades de estudos. Embora pouco explorados neste sentido, seus estudos podem ser muito úteis não somente para linha de pesquisa da Geografia e Literatura, mas para diversos ramos do conhecimento como a percepção ambiental, urbanismo, história, economia e entre outros. Neste sentido, procura-se contribuir com uma abordagem metodológica para apreensão do espaço geográfico através de obras literárias, e nesse estudo, a análise do espaço geográfico da cidade de Belém do Pará da década de 1920, descrita no romance “Belém do Grão-Pará” de Dalcídio Jurandir. E assim comparar com a atual organização espacial da cidade a partir do uso das geotecnologias para espacializar, identificar, analisar e representar o espaço através de mapas temáticos gerados a partir do mapeamento geoliterário.

Sistema imunológico artificial para resolver o problema da árvore geradora mínima com parâmetros fuzzy

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Tiago Agostinho Almeida

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho é proposta uma meta-heurística baseada em técnicas da computação evolutiva que visa encontrar um conjunto de árvores geradoras mínimas, para problemas de grafos que possuem incertezas em relação às informações associadas aos parâmetros. Resolver problemas dessa natureza é um processo NP-Completo, pois envolve um número enorme de comparações. A fim de contornar essa complexidade, é proposto um sistema imunológico artificial capaz de explorar eficientemente o espaço de busca e de obter resultados satisfatórios, sem a necessidade de confrontar todas as soluções entre si.This work proposes an heuristical approach based on evolutionary computation, whose goal is to find a set of minimum spanning trees in graphs that contain uncertainties in their parameters. This kind of problem is a NP-Hard one, because it involves an enormous number of comparisons. In order to avoid this complexity, this work proposes an artificial immune system that explores efficiently the search space of solutions to looking for satisfactory results, without the necessity of comparing all possible solutions.

Subtotal ablation of parietal epithelial cells induces crescent formation.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sicking, E.M.; Fuss, A.; Uhlig, S.; Jirak, P.; Dijkman, H.; Wetzels, J.; Engel, D.R.; Urzynicok, T.; Heidenreich, S.; Kriz, W.; Kurts, C.; Ostendorf, T.; Floege, J.; Smeets, B.; Moeller, M.J.

2012-01-01

Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) of the renal glomerulus contribute to the formation of both cellular crescents in rapidly progressive GN and sclerotic lesions in FSGS. Subtotal transgenic ablation of podocytes induces FSGS but the effect of specific ablation of PECs is unknown. Here, we established

Regional intercostal bulging of the parietal pleura

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jantsch, H.; Greene, R.; Lechner, G.; Mavritz, W.; Pichler, W.; Winkler, M.; Zadrobilek, E.

1989-01-01

This paper describes bedside radiographs with localized intercostal bulging as the sole indication of tension pneumothorax in six patients with acute deterioration in gas exchange. Relief of the pneumothorax was followed by a rush of gas from the tension space and a prompt improvement in gas exchange. The authors concluded the regional intercostal bulging of the parietal pleura may be the sole indicator of life-threatening tension pneumothorax in patients on mechanical ventilation

Parietal cells?new perspectives in glomerular disease

OpenAIRE

Miesen, Laura; Steenbergen, Eric; Smeets, Bart

2017-01-01

In normal glomeruli, parietal epithelial cells (PECs) line the inside of Bowman?s capsule and form an inconspicuous sheet of flat epithelial cells in continuity with the proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) at the urinary pole and with the podocytes at the vascular pole. PECs, PTECs and podocytes have a common mesenchymal origin and are the result of divergent differentiation during embryogenesis. Podocytes and PTECs are highly differentiated cells with well-established functions pertain...

Parâmetros complementares para fixação de identidade e qualidade de produtos panificados Complementary parameters of requirements to fixing identity and quality of bakery products

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Mauricio Sergio Esteller

2005-12-01

Full Text Available É crescente o número de marcas e produtos panificados oferecidos ao mercado. Técnicas e aparelhagens recentes permitem uma melhor caracterização de produtos derivados do trigo. este trabalho propõe a reavaliação da legislação brasileira para esta categoria de alimento. Foram analisadas diferentes marcas de pães e torradas nos parâmetros de porosidade da massa, textura, cor, volume específico, densidade e umidade. Foram obtidos valores característicos para cada grupo de produtos, mostrando que é perfeitamente viável uma complementação na fixação da identidade e qualidade de produtos panificados.Brazilian bakery market is growing fast, offering new products and brands every time. Recent techniques and equipment allow better characterization of wheat products. This work considers a reevaluation of the Brazilian legislation for baked goods. Different kinds of bread and toast were evaluated in relation to crumb porosity, texture, color, specific volume, density and moisture. Characteristic values for each group of products were obtained, showing that a complementation of requirements for specific standardized bakery products is possible.

Visual processing of multiple elements in the dyslexic brain: evidence for a superior parietal dysfunction

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Muriel Anne Lobier

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The visual attention (VA span deficit hypothesis of developmental dyslexia posits that impaired multiple element processing can be responsible for poor reading outcomes. In VA span impaired dyslexic children, poor performance on letter report tasks is associated with reduced parietal activations for multiple letter processing. While this hints towards a non-specific, attention-based dysfunction, it is still unclear whether reduced parietal activity generalizes to other types of stimuli. Furthermore, putative links between reduced parietal activity and reduced ventral occipito-temporal (vOT in dyslexia have yet to be explored. Using fMRI, we measured brain activity in 12 VA span impaired dyslexic adults and 12 adult skilled readers while they carried out a categorization task on single or multiple alphanumeric or non-alphanumeric characters. While healthy readers activated parietal areas more strongly for multiple than single element processing (right-sided for alphanumeric and bilateral for non-alphanumeric, similar stronger multiple element right parietal activations were absent for dyslexic participants. Contrasts between skilled and dyslexic readers revealed significantly reduced right superior parietal lobule (SPL activity for dyslexic readers regardless of stimuli type. Using a priori anatomically defined ROI, we showed that neural activity was reduced for dyslexic participants in both SPL and vOT bilaterally. Finally, we used multiple regressions to test whether SPL activity could predict vOT activity in each group. In the left hemisphere, SPL activity modulated vOT activity for both normal and dyslexic readers. In contrast, in the right hemisphere, SPL activity modulated vOT activity only for dyslexic readers. These results bring critical support to the visual attention interpretation of the VA Span deficit. In addition, they offer a new insight on how deficits in automatic vOT based word recognition could arise in developmental dyslexia.

Limitações nutricionais para o cultivo de açaizeiro em latossolo amarelo textura média, Estado do Pará Nutritional limitations for Euterpe oleracea in yellow latosol of Para State - Brazil

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Ismael de Jesus Matos Viégas

2004-08-01

Full Text Available A região amazônica apresenta condições edafoclimáticas favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de sistemas de cultivos utilizando fruteiras tropicais. O açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea, Mart. desponta como uma das espécies de grande importância econômica para a fruticultura regional. A produção de fruteiras ainda é limitada pela carência de conhecimentos sobre diversos segmentos dos sistemas de produção, especialmente com relação a estudos sobre nutrição mineral de plantas. Dessa forma, em amostras superficiais de até 30 cm de profundidade de Latossolo Amarelo textura média do Município de Belém, Estado do Pará, conduziu-se experimento, em casa de vegetação, com plantas de açaizeiro, com o objetivo de identificar os nutrientes limitantes ao seu desenvolvimento, mediante a técnica do elemento faltante. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro repetições e 14 tratamentos: completo (calagem, macro e micronutrientes, NPK; omissão de N; de P; de K; de Ca; de Mg; de S; de B; de Cu; de Fe; de Mn; de Mo e de Zn. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho permitiram concluir que os macronutrientes mais limitantes para o crescimento de açaizeiros, em Latossolo Amarelo textura média, foram o fósforo, o nitrogênio, o potássio e o magnésio e entre os micronutrientes, o manganês.Aiming to study the nutritional limitation of macronutrients and micronutrients in açaizeiro plants (Euterpe oleracea Mart. in Yellow Latosol from the city of Belém, state of Pará - Brazil, this work was carried out under greenhouse conditions at Embrapa Amazonian Oriental. In this experiment it was used the missing element technique and the experimental design was a randomized block with four repetitions and fourteen treatments: Complete (liming, macro and micronutrients, NPK, omission of N; P; K; Ca; Mg; S; B; Cu; Fe; Mn; Mo and Zn. The results allowed to conclude that the macronutrients more limitant to growth of Euterpe oleracea, were

Choline acetyltransferase-containing neurons in the human parietal neocortex

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V Benagiano

2009-06-01

Full Text Available A number of immunocytochemical studies have indicated the presence of cholinergic neurons in the cerebral cortex of various species of mammals. Whether such cholinergic neurons in the human cerebral cortex are exclusively of subcortical origin is still debated. In this immunocytochemical study, the existence of cortical cholinergic neurons was investigated on surgical samples of human parietal association neocortex using a highly specific monoclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT, the acetylcholine biosynthesising enzyme. ChAT immunoreactivity was detected in a subpopulation of neurons located in layers II and III. These were small or medium-sized pyramidal neurons which showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in the perikarya and processes, often in close association to blood microvessels. This study, providing demonstration of ChAT neurons in the human parietal neocortex, strongly supports the existence of intrinsic cholinergic innervation of the human neocortex. It is likely that these neurons contribute to the cholinergic innervation of the intracortical microvessels.

Percent wall thickness evaluated by Gd-DTPA enhanced cine MRI as an indicator of local parietal movement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hirano, Masaharu

1998-01-01

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac disease, the basic pathology of which consists of a decrease in left ventricular dilation compliance due to uneven hypertrophy of the left ventricular wall. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in monitoring uneven parietal hypertrophy and kinetics in HCM patients. The present study was undertaken in 47 HCM patients who showed asymmetrical septal hypertrophy to determine if percent thickness can be an indicator of left ventricular local movement using cine MRI. Longest and shortest axis images were acquired by the ECG synchronization method using a 1.5 T MR imager. Cardiac function was analyzed based on longest axis cine images, and telediastolic and telesystolic parietal thickness were measured based on shorter axis cine images at the papillary muscle level. Parietal movement index and percent thickness were used as indicators of local parietal movement. The correlation between these indicators and parietal thickness was evaluated. The percent thickness changed at an earlier stage of hypertrophy than the parietal movement index, thus it is thought to be useful in detecting left ventricular parietal movement disorders at an early stage of HCM. (author)

Percent wall thickness evaluated by Gd-DTPA enhanced cine MRI as an indicator of local parietal movement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirano, Masaharu [Tokyo Medical Coll. (Japan)

1998-11-01

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiac disease, the basic pathology of which consists of a decrease in left ventricular dilation compliance due to uneven hypertrophy of the left ventricular wall. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful in monitoring uneven parietal hypertrophy and kinetics in HCM patients. The present study was undertaken in 47 HCM patients who showed asymmetrical septal hypertrophy to determine if percent thickness can be an indicator of left ventricular local movement using cine MRI. Longest and shortest axis images were acquired by the ECG synchronization method using a 1.5 T MR imager. Cardiac function was analyzed based on longest axis cine images, and telediastolic and telesystolic parietal thickness were measured based on shorter axis cine images at the papillary muscle level. Parietal movement index and percent thickness were used as indicators of local parietal movement. The correlation between these indicators and parietal thickness was evaluated. The percent thickness changed at an earlier stage of hypertrophy than the parietal movement index, thus it is thought to be useful in detecting left ventricular parietal movement disorders at an early stage of HCM. (author)

Metabolic Hyperactivity of the Medial Posterior Parietal Lobes in Psychogenic Tremor

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Peter Hedera

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Background: The pathophysiology of psychogenic movement disorders, including psychogenic tremor (PT, is only emerging. Case Report: This is a single case report of a patient who met diagnostic criteria for PT. He underwent positron emission tomography (PET of brain with 18F-deoxyglucose at resting state. His PET study showed symmetrically increased 18F-deoxyglucose uptake in both posterior medial parietal lobes. There was no corresponding abnormality on structural imaging. Discussion: Hypermetabolism of the medial aspects of posterior parietal lobes bilaterally may reflect abnormal activity of sensory integration that is important in the pathogenesis of PT. This further supports the idea that non-organic movement disorders may be associated with detectable functional brain abnormalities.

Desenvolvimento e validação de meio de cultura para detecção de Pseudomonas Aeruginosa em água purificada para fins farmacêuticos

OpenAIRE

Albini, Bárbara Pereira

2012-01-01

Resumo: A água purificada é uma das principais matérias-primas para medicamentos e cosméticos. Participa efetivamente de processos de esterilização por via úmida, limpeza de equipamentos e é utilizada nas análises de controle de qualidade. Assim, influencia diretamente na qualidade dos produtos e portanto deve seguir um rigoroso parâmetro de qualidade físico-químico e microbiológico. A Farmacopéia Brasileira 5 ed. que passa a vigorar em fevereiro do presente ano, indica como parâmetro microbi...

Implantação do sistema APPCC para sorvetes

OpenAIRE

Borszcz, Valeria

2002-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos. Este trabalho, objetiva implantar o sistema APPCC para a produção de sorvete, na empresa Kimyto Industrial Ltda localizada na cidade de Taió, Santa Catarina. Visa-se não apenas a identificação e controle dos perigos químicos, físicos e microbiológicos, mas também dos parâmetros para a qualidade. Com auxílio da árvore decisória, para cada etapa de proces...

Induction of motor associative plasticity in the posterior parietal cortex-primary motor network

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Chao, Chi-Chao; Karabanov, Anke Ninija; Paine, Rainer

2015-01-01

There is anatomical and functional connectivity between the primary motor cortex (M1) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) that plays a role in sensorimotor integration. In this study, we applied corticocortical paired-associative stimuli to ipsilateral PPC and M1 (parietal ccPAS) in healthy right......-handed subjects to test if this procedure could modulate M1 excitability and PPC–M1 connectivity. One hundred and eighty paired transcranial magnetic stimuli to the PPC and M1 at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 8 ms were delivered at 0.2 Hz. We found that parietal ccPAS in the left hemisphere increased...... the excitability of conditioned left M1 assessed by motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and the input–output curve. Motor behavior assessed by the Purdue pegboard task was unchanged compared with controls. At baseline, conditioning stimuli over the left PPC potentiated MEPs from left M1 when ISI was 8 ms...

Sensory-parietal cortical stimulation improves motor recovery in severe capsular infarct.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Ra Gyung; Cho, Jongwook; Ree, Jinkyue; Kim, Hyung-Sun; Rosa-Neto, Pedro; Kim, Jin-Myung; Lee, Min-Cheol; Kim, Hyoung-Ihl

2016-12-01

The prevalence of subcortical white matter strokes in elderly patients is on the rise, but these patients show mixed responses to conventional rehabilitative interventions. To examine whether cortical electrical stimulation can promote motor recovery after white matter stroke, we delivered stimulation to a small or wide region of sensory-parietal cortex for two weeks in a rodent model of circumscribed subcortical capsular infarct. The sham-operated group (SOG) showed persistent and severe motor impairments together with decreased activation in bilateral sensorimotor cortices and striatum. In contrast, sensory-parietal cortex stimulation significantly improved motor recovery: final recovery levels were 72.9% of prelesion levels in the wide stimulation group (WSG) and 37% of prelesion levels in the small stimulation group (SSG). The microPET imaging showed reversal of cortical diaschisis in both groups: in both hemispheres for the WSG, and in the hemisphere ipsilateral to stimulation in the SSG. In addition, we observed activation of the corpus callosum and subcortical corticostriatal structures after stimulation. The results from the c-Fos mapping study were grossly consistent with the microPET imaging. Sensory-parietal cortex stimulation may therefore be a useful strategy for overcoming the limits of rehabilitative training in patients with severe forms of subcortical capsular infarct. © The Author(s) 2015.

Apagando genes para iluminar la interacción entre el macrófago y Leishmania

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Carlos Arturo Clavijo-Ramirez

2016-02-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad causada por los parásitos del género Leishmania representa un problema de salud pública de importancia a nivel nacional e internacional. El conocimiento actual de la interacción entre el macrófago humano y el parásito aún luce insuficiente para reflejarse en mejoras del tratamiento empleado. El presente manuscrito aspira a ser un texto de divulgación para el púbico general y trata de explicar la importancia de este tipo de investigación científica y la estrategia empleada por nuestro grupo de investigación, en la búsqueda de soluciones al flagelo representado por los diferentes tipos de Leishmaniasis.

Characterization of visual percepts evoked by noninvasive stimulation of the human posterior parietal cortex.

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Peter J Fried

Full Text Available Phosphenes are commonly evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS to study the functional organization, connectivity, and excitability of the human visual brain. For years, phosphenes have been documented only from stimulating early visual areas (V1-V3 and a handful of specialized visual regions (V4, V5/MT+ in occipital cortex. Recently, phosphenes were reported after applying TMS to a region of posterior parietal cortex involved in the top-down modulation of visuo-spatial processing. In the present study, we systematically characterized parietal phosphenes to determine if they are generated directly by local mechanisms or emerge through indirect activation of other visual areas. Using technology developed in-house to record the subjective features of phosphenes, we found no systematic differences in the size, shape, location, or frame-of-reference of parietal phosphenes when compared to their occipital counterparts. In a second experiment, discrete deactivation by 1 Hz repetitive TMS yielded a double dissociation: phosphene thresholds increased at the deactivated site without producing a corresponding change at the non-deactivated location. Overall, the commonalities of parietal and occipital phosphenes, and our ability to independently modulate their excitability thresholds, lead us to conclude that they share a common neural basis that is separate from either of the stimulated regions.

Parámetros y valores genéticos para características de composición corporal, área de ojo del lomo y grasa dorsal medidos mediante ultrasonido en la raza Brahman

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A. Jiménez

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El ganado Brahman en Colombia es el de mayor participación como raza pura paraproducción de carne, y tiene gran influencia en el ganado comercial. Hasta el momento,Asocebu ha realizado evaluaciones genéticas para características de crecimiento,pero aún no se han realizado para características de la canal. El objetivo de este trabajofue determinar parámetros genéticos (heredabilidades y correlaciones, y valores genéticos(DEP para área de ojo del lomo (AOL, grasa dorsal (GD, profundidad delmúsculo glúteo medio (PMGM y grasa del anca (GA. Fueron medidos por medio deultrasonido un total de 934 animales puros, hijos de 164 toros que se encontraban enun rango de edad de 15 a 18 meses. Para los análisis se crearon grupos contemporáneosteniendo en cuenta la época, el sexo y el manejo alimenticio. Se realizó un análisis univariadousando un modelo reproductor, teniendo en cuenta el grupo contemporáneo(animales del mismo sexo, de la misma época y en el mismo manejo alimenticio, laedad fue tomada como covariable y la finca fue incluida en el modelo. Las heredabilidadesfueron 0,37 ± 0,11; 0,29 ± 0,10; 0,26 ± 0,10 y 0,11 ± 0,09 para AOL, GD,PMGM y GA respectivamente. Las DEP para AOL variaron de -2,84 a 3,43; para GDde -0,372 a 0,235; para PMGM de -0,187 a 0,235, y para GD de -0,176 a 0,298. Lascorrelaciones genéticas fueron positivas y altas indicando que la selección por musculaturano afecta el grado de acabado. Este trabajo mostró que en ganado Brahman puroexiste variación genética para las características medidas por ultrasonido relacionadascon la canal, lo cual permitirá tenerlas en cuenta en el programa de mejoramientogenético de la raza Brahman en Colombia.

Qualidade da água em microbacias hidrográficas com agricultura nos municípios de Santarém e Belterra, Pará

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Christiane Patrícia Oliveira de Aguiar

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A expansão da fronteira agrícola no Oeste do Pará nas últimas décadas tem alterado a paisagem, antes ocupada por florestas ou agricultura familiar, provocando alterações ambientais com impacto nos recursos hídricos. O trabalho avaliou a qualidade da água de 24 microbacias hidrográficas, sob diferentes usos de solo: área natural/referência (Flona Tapajós, agricultura tradicional (PA-Moju e agriculturas mecanizadas recentes e antigas de soja (Rodovias Curuá-Una e BR-163, respectivamente, com base na Resolução Conama nº 357/05, em Santarém e Belterra, no Pará. As coletas ocorreram em outubro/11 e abril/12. Parâmetros analisados: pH, cor, turbidez, TDS, OD, DBO, nitrato, nitrito, nitrogênio amoniacal, fósforo total, clorofila-a e coliformes termotolerantes. Confrontando os resultados com os da Resolução, constatou-se no período seco que seis microbacias da Flona Tapajós e uma do PA-Moju apresentaram concentrações abaixo dos limites permissíveis para OD. Apenas uma microbacia (BR-163 apresentou pH no intervalo aceitável, e todas as microbacias do PA-Moju superaram o limite estabelecido para clorofila-a. A cor apresentou desconformidade em quatro microbacias da Curuá-Una, durante o período chuvoso. As atividades antrópicas estão causando assoreamento e aporte de compostos e nutrientes aos recursos hídricos, promovendo a sua degradação. A Resolução nº 357/05 necessita de adequações para a região Amazônica, visto que alguns parâmetros que apresentaram valores em desconformidade com a legislação refletem condições naturais da região.

PREPARACIÓN ELECTROQUÍMICA DE CAPAS NANOESTRUCTURADAS DE ZnO PARA APLICACIONES FOTOVOLTAICA

OpenAIRE

Moya Forero, Mónica Mercedes

2012-01-01

En esta tesis se centra en el estudio de capas delgadas basadas en óxido de zinc (ZnO) para aplicaciones fotovoltaicas, en concreto células solares sensibilizadas con colorante (DSSC). Se optimizaron los parámetros de crecimiento de estas nanoestructuras hibridas depositadas mediante la técnica de electrodeposición catódica para posteriormente desarrollar un dispositivo eficiente para la conversión de la luz. OBJETIVOS Los objetivos principales de la tesis son: - Establecer las co...

Mínimos cuadrados generalizados para funciones vectoriales en la Geofísica Espacial

OpenAIRE

Jorge Lemagne Pérez; Alexander Calzadilla Méndez

2012-01-01

Se expone una aplicación del ajuste de datos mediante mínimos cuadrados generalizados para funciones vectoriales, a la modelación de los parámetros de la Geofísica Espacial f0F2 y Dst, con el objetivo de pronosticar los mismos. Se emplean un modelo con retardo y dos algoritmos que fueron creados, uno para el ajuste y el otro para estimar la matriz de covarianzas, ambos implementados en MATLAB Versión 7.3.

Sintonia entre teoria e a prática no ensino de língua inglesa nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais

OpenAIRE

Covino, Liliana; ENIAC-SP

2013-01-01

 O Ministério da Educação lançou, em 1998, um documento com orientações didáticas e pedagógicas para que os professores adotassem um novo sistema de ensino, tornando-o mais relevante e significativo para o aluno: Os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs). Eles sugerem que os professores adotem uma abordagem sociointeracional para o ensino da língua estrangeira. Como professora do curso de Letras Português/Inglês de instituição de ensino Superior da  Grande São Paulo, lecionando  a disciplin...

Neural representations of social status hierarchy in human inferior parietal cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiao, Joan Y; Harada, Tokiko; Oby, Emily R; Li, Zhang; Parrish, Todd; Bridge, Donna J

2009-01-01

Mental representations of social status hierarchy share properties with that of numbers. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that the neural representation of numerical magnitude lies within a network of regions within inferior parietal cortex. However the neural basis of social status hierarchy remains unknown. Using fMRI, we studied subjects while they compared social status magnitude of people, objects and symbols, as well as numerical magnitude. Both social status and number comparisons recruited bilateral intraparietal sulci. We also observed a semantic distance effect whereby neural activity within bilateral intraparietal sulci increased for semantically close relative to far numerical and social status comparisons. These results demonstrate that social status and number comparisons recruit distinct and overlapping neuronal representations within human inferior parietal cortex.

Parámetros cuantitativos para la evaluación de la suscepti­bilidad a la erosión de suelos tropicales dominicanos Quantitative parameters for assessing susceptibility to erosion in tropical Dominican soils

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A. J. Hernández

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La capa superficial de los suelos de dife­rentes tipos de bosques tropicales húmedos y secos presentes en la provincia de Peder­nales (República Dominicana, ha sido eva­luada mediante diferentes parámetros rela­cionados con el proceso de erosión: tamaño de partículas, cociente limo/arcilla y un es­timador de la posibilidad de pérdida de sue-lo. Algunos de los ecosistemas más valiosos están amenazados por talas y quemas y por la implantación de cafetales, de ahí el interés y objetivo de este trabajo, para ver como es­tos usos y manejos afectan a los suelos. Los resultados se presentan comparando los pa­rámetros estudiados en 79 muestras analiza­das según las unidades paisajísticas (bos­ques con y sin usos agropascícolas, así co­mo según las litologías predominantes en las mismas: calizas cristalinas, calizas car­bonatadas sobre alteritas y calizas coralinas. El trabajo muestra por vez primera para esta región, parámetros cuantitativos respecto a procesos edáficos vinculados a la erosión en dicho territorio. Otro dato relativamente no­vedoso es el utilizar la metodología láser para los análisis del tamaño de partículas.The topsoil layers (0-20 cm of different types of wet and dry tropical forests of the Pedernales province (Dominican Republic, both natural and cultivated, were assessed in terms of different parameters related to the erosion processes: particle size, silt/clay ra­tio, and an estimate of the possible soil loss. Some of the soils of the most valuable eco­systems are threatened by the introduction of coffee and hence the interest and objec­tive of this work. We present these data for 79 soil samples according to the corresponding landscape units (forests along with their dominant lithologies (crystalline limestones, carbon­ated limestones on alterites and coral lime­stones. The novelty of this study is that it uses quantitative variables to describe ed­aphic processes linked to erosion in

An enlarged parietal foramen in the late archaic Xujiayao 11 neurocranium from Northern China, and rare anomalies among Pleistocene Homo.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Xiu-Jie; Xing, Song; Trinkaus, Erik

2013-01-01

We report here a neurocranial abnormality previously undescribed in Pleistocene human fossils, an enlarged parietal foramen (EPF) in the early Late Pleistocene Xujiayao 11 parietal bones from the Xujiayao (Houjiayao) site, northern China. Xujiayao 11 is a pair of partial posteromedial parietal bones from an adult. It exhibits thick cranial vault bones, arachnoid granulations, a deviated posterior sagittal suture, and a unilateral (right) parietal lacuna with a posteriorly-directed and enlarged endocranial vascular sulcus. Differential diagnosis indicates that the perforation is a congenital defect, an enlarged parietal foramen, commonly associated with cerebral venous and cranial vault anomalies. It was not lethal given the individual's age-at-death, but it may have been associated with secondary neurological deficiencies. The fossil constitutes the oldest evidence in human evolution of this very rare condition (a single enlarged parietal foramen). In combination with developmental and degenerative abnormalities in other Pleistocene human remains, it suggests demographic and survival patterns among Pleistocene Homo that led to an elevated frequency of conditions unknown or rare among recent humans.

An enlarged parietal foramen in the late archaic Xujiayao 11 neurocranium from Northern China, and rare anomalies among Pleistocene Homo.

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Xiu-Jie Wu

Full Text Available We report here a neurocranial abnormality previously undescribed in Pleistocene human fossils, an enlarged parietal foramen (EPF in the early Late Pleistocene Xujiayao 11 parietal bones from the Xujiayao (Houjiayao site, northern China. Xujiayao 11 is a pair of partial posteromedial parietal bones from an adult. It exhibits thick cranial vault bones, arachnoid granulations, a deviated posterior sagittal suture, and a unilateral (right parietal lacuna with a posteriorly-directed and enlarged endocranial vascular sulcus. Differential diagnosis indicates that the perforation is a congenital defect, an enlarged parietal foramen, commonly associated with cerebral venous and cranial vault anomalies. It was not lethal given the individual's age-at-death, but it may have been associated with secondary neurological deficiencies. The fossil constitutes the oldest evidence in human evolution of this very rare condition (a single enlarged parietal foramen. In combination with developmental and degenerative abnormalities in other Pleistocene human remains, it suggests demographic and survival patterns among Pleistocene Homo that led to an elevated frequency of conditions unknown or rare among recent humans.

Parâmetros genéticos para produção de leite no dia do controle de vacas da raça Holandesa utilizando modelos de análises de fatores e componentes principais

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Mariana de Almeida Dornelles

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se comparar um modelo multi-característica padrão com modelos de análise de fatores (AF e de componentes principais (CP para estimar parâmetros genéticos para a produção de leite no dia do controle (PLDC de vacas da raça Holandesa. O arquivo de trabalho constituiu-se de 4.616 registros mensais de PLDC de primeiras lactações de vacas da raça Holandesa. As PLDC foram agrupadas em dez classes mensais, entre o 5o e 305o dia da lactação (PLDC1 a PLDC10. Foram realizadas análises considerando 11 modelos diferentes, como segue: multi-característica padrão (MC; cinco modelos de posto reduzido, para a matriz de covariância genética, ajustando um a cinco (CP1 ... CP5 componentes principais; e dois modelos utilizando análise de fatores (F1, F2, F3, F4 e F5. Para todos os modelos, foram considerados como aleatórios os efeitos genético aditivo e o residual e como fixos os de grupo de contemporâneos, da idade da vaca ao parto (linear e quadrático e dias em lactação (linear. Os valores de Log L, AIC e BIC melhoraram com o aumento do número de parâmetros até CP4 e AF4. Comparando CP4 e AF4, observa-se que CP4 resultou em melhores valores de Log L, AIC e BIC. As estimativas de herdabilidade e correlações genéticas utilizando os modelos MC, CP4 e AF4 foram similares, variando de 0,06 (PL6 a 0,65 (PL10 e de 0,05 (PL4xPL10 a 0,94 (PL2xPL3, respectivamente, indicando que a estrutura de covariâncias genéticas entre as produções de leite no dia do controle pode ser ajustada utilizando um modelo de posto reduzido, contendo quatro componentes principais ou quatro fatores

Neural sources of visual working memory maintenance in human parietal and ventral extrastriate visual cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Becke, Andreas; Müller, Notger; Vellage, Anne; Schoenfeld, Mircea Ariel; Hopf, Jens-Max

2015-04-15

Maintaining information in visual working memory is reliably indexed by the contralateral delay activity (CDA) - a sustained modulation of the event-related potential (ERP) with a topographical maximum over posterior scalp regions contralateral to the memorized input. Based on scalp topography, it is hypothesized that the CDA reflects neural activity in the parietal cortex, but the precise cortical origin of underlying electric activity was never determined. Here we combine ERP recordings with magnetoencephalography based source localization to characterize the cortical current sources generating the CDA. Observers performed a cued delayed match to sample task where either the color or the relative position of colored dots had to be maintained in memory. A detailed source-localization analysis of the magnetic activity in the retention interval revealed that the magnetic analog of the CDA (mCDA) is generated by current sources in the parietal cortex. Importantly, we find that the mCDA also receives contribution from current sources in the ventral extrastriate cortex that display a time-course similar to the parietal sources. On the basis of the magnetic responses, forward modeling of ERP data reveals that the ventral sources have non-optimal projections and that these sources are therefore concealed in the ERP by overlapping fields with parietal projections. The present observations indicate that visual working memory maintenance, as indexed by the CDA, involves the parietal cortical regions as well as the ventral extrastriate regions, which code the sensory representation of the memorized content. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Parâmetros genéticos e análise de trilha para o florescimento precoce e características agronômicas da alface

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Alcinei Mistico Azevedo

2014-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros genéticos das características agronômicas e de tolerância ao florescimento precoce de onze cultivares de alface, bem como verificar a existência de associação entre as características. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e doze plantas por parcela. Quarenta e cinco dias após o transplantio das mudas, foram mensuradas as seguintes características: massa de matéria fresca total e "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria seca "comercial" da parte aérea, massa de matéria fresca e seca da raiz, diâmetro e circunferência da cabeça, altura de planta, número de folhas por planta e número de dias até a antese. Há variabilidade genética entre as cultivares, em todas as variáveis, exceto quanto à circunferência de planta e matéria fresca da raiz. As cultivares Regina 500, Lívia e Atração foram superiores quanto ao número de dias para o florescimento e também para as demais características avaliadas. A seleção contra o florescimento precoce ocasionou ganho em todas as características; porém, não interferiu na matéria seca da raiz. A matéria fresca da parte aérea e o diâmetro de cabeça são indicadas para a seleção indireta contra o florescimento precoce.

Cancro em mogno africano no estado do Pará

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Célia Regina Tremacoldi

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Sintomas de cancro foram observados em plantios de mogno africano, no município de Dom Eliseu, Pará. Os fungos associados aos tecidos sintomáticos foram identificados como Lasiodiplodia theobromae e Fusarium subglutinans. Culturas puras desses fungos foram testadas quanto à patogenicidade em mudas de mogno africano sadias. Apenas L. theobromae produziu cancro, por meio de inoculação por ferimento e alta umidade. A confirmação de L. theobromae como agente causal do cancro ocorreu após o reisolamento do fungo a partir das plantas inoculadas em casa de vegetação, concluindo a primeira verificação do postulado de Koch para esse patossistema.

Universidad de saint-denis parís 8: polo de desarrollo territorial

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Iván Segura Lara

2013-04-01

Full Text Available El proyecto Universidad, arte y territorio tiene su origen en los archivos fotográficos en torno a laevolución arquitectónica de la universidad de Saint-Denis París-8 que durante 15 años, asociadoa un equipo de investigadores, alimentó el autor, para desarrollar un enfoque transdisciplinarioque analizara el papel de las entidades culturales como motor de las transformaciones territorialeslocales. Se formularon criterios para la creación de laboratorios internacionales de observación delterritorio y análisis de las fuerzas de la globalización que condicionan estas transformaciones. Apartir de esto se infirieron nuevas nociones para definir los criterios de ciudad contemporánea bajolos nuevos paradigmas de la globalización. Simultáneamente, los procesos de documentación yrepresentación construyen a través de su doble especificidad científica y estética un conocimientoy una poesía sensible a los procesos de construcción de la historia de la universidad.

Examining the role of the temporo-parietal network in memory, imagery and viewpoint transformations

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Kiret eDhindsa

2014-09-01

Full Text Available The traditional view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL focuses on its role in episodic memory. However, some of the underlying functions of the MTL can be ascertained from its wider role in supporting spatial cognition in concert with parietal and prefrontal regions. The MTL is strongly implicated in the formation of enduring allocentric representations (e.g. O’Keefe (1976; Ekstrom et al. (2003; King et al. (2002. According to our BBB model (Byrne et al. (2007, these representations must interact with head-centered and body-centered representations in posterior parietal cortex via a transformation circuit involving retrosplenial areas. Egocentric sensory representations in parietal areas can then cue the recall of allocentric spatial representations in long-term memory and, conversely, the products of retrieval in MTL can generate mental imagery within a parietal ’window’. Such imagery is necessarily egocentric and forms part of visuospatial working memory, where it can be manipulated for the purpose of planning/imagining the future. Recent fMRI evidence (Lambrey et al. (2012; Zhang et al. (2012 supports the BBB model. To further test the model, we had participants learn the locations of objects in a virtual scene and tested their spatial memory under conditions that impose varying demands on the transformation circuit. We analyzed how brain activity correlated with accuracy in judging the direction of an object 1 from visuospatial working memory (we assume working memory due to the order of tasks and the consistency viewpoint, but long-term memory is also possible, 2 after a rotation of viewpoint, or 3 after a rotation and translation (judgement of relative direction. We found performance-related activity in both tasks requiring viewpoint rotation in the core medial temporal to medial parietal. These results are consistent with the BBB model and shed further light on the mechanisms underlying spatial memory, mental imagery and viewpoint

Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 is required for PAR-1 signalling in pulmonary fibrosis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lin, Cong; von der Thüsen, Jan; Daalhuisen, Joost; ten Brink, Marieke; Crestani, Bruno; van der Poll, Tom; Borensztajn, Keren; Spek, C. Arnold

2015-01-01

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most devastating diffuse fibrosing lung disease of unknown aetiology. Compelling evidence suggests that both protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 and PAR-2 participate in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Previous studies have shown that bleomycin-induced

The regenerative potential of parietal epithelial cells in adult mice

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Berger, K.; Schulte, K.; Boor, P.; Kuppe, C.; Kuppevelt, T.H. van; Floege, J.; Smeets, B.; Moeller, M.J.

2014-01-01

Previously, we showed that some podocytes in juvenile mice are recruited from cells lining Bowman's capsule, suggesting that parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are a progenitor cell population for podocytes. To investigate whether PECs also replenish podocytes in adult mice, PECs were genetically

Mínimos cuadrados generalizados para funciones vectoriales en la Geofísica Espacial

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Jorge Lemagne Pérez

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Se expone una aplicación del ajuste de datos mediante mínimos cuadrados generalizados para funciones vectoriales, a la modelación de los parámetros de la Geofísica Espacial f0F2 y Dst, con el objetivo de pronosticar los mismos. Se emplean un modelo con retardo y dos algoritmos que fueron creados, uno para el ajuste y el otro para estimar la matriz de covarianzas, ambos implementados en MATLAB Versión 7.3.

Estudo anatômico das espécies de Leguminosae comercializadas no estado do Pará como "angelim" An anatomic study of Leguminosae species in the State of Pará commercialized as "angelim"

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Gracialda Costa Ferreira

2004-09-01

Full Text Available A estrutura da madeira de sete espécies de Leguminosae comercializadas como "angelim", no estado do Pará, foi analisada quanto aos aspectos anatômicos através de cortes histológicos da madeira, nos sentidos transversal, tangencial e radial. Através deste estudo procurou-se determinar diferenças básicas entre as espécies comercializadas com a mesma denominação vernacular, a fim de auxiliar no processo de identificação anatômica das mesmas. Uma chave dicotômica foi elaborada para separar as espécies estudadas (Andira surinamensis, Dinizia excelsa, Hymenolobium excelsum, H. modestum, H. pulcherrimum, H. petraeum e Vatairea paraensis. Características de parênquima, raios e poros são muito úteis na separação das espécies estudadas em nível de gênero, porém em nível de espécie a separação é mais difícil. Para o agrupamento de espécies, é necessário que as características anatômicas das espécies sejam conhecidas para associadas a características morfológicas.The wood structure of seven commercialized species of Leguminosae as angelim, in the state of Pará, was analyzed by their anatomical aspects and through histological sections of the wood, in transversal, tangential and radial planes. This study was undertaken to determine basic differences among various species commercialized with the same vernacular denomination, in order to facilitate the process of their anatomical identification. A dichotomous key was elaborated to separate the species studied (Andira surinamensis, Dinizia excelsa, Hymenolobium excelsum, H. modestum, H. pulcherrimum, H. petraeum and Vatairea paraensis. Characteristics of parenchyma, rays and vessels are very useful in the separation of the species studied in the genus level, however in the species level the separation is more difficult. For the species grouping, it is necessary that the anatomical characteristics of the species are known for associates to the morphologic characteristics.

Sistema instrumentado para o registro de comportamentos ingestivos

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Pereira, Gustavo Vieira

2003-01-01

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica. Este trabalho descreve um sistema automático para registro de parâmetros que permitam o estudo de atributos do comportamento ingestivo de animais em laboratório. Este sistema é orientado a usuários que não são profissionais da área de engenharia. Portanto, dispensa a necessidade de configurações eletrônicas que são desestimulantes para biólogos, fisiologist...

[Successive subcortical hemorrhages in the superior parietal lobule and postcentral gyrus in a 23-year-old female].

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, K; Yoshikawa, H; Komai, K; Takamori, M

1998-04-01

We report a non-hypertensive 23-year-old female with successive hemorrhages in parietal subcortical regions. She had first experienced a transient pain in the left upper extremity one month before admission. She noticed dysesthesia in the same limb and weakness on her left hand, and, five days after, visited our hospital because of suddenly developed convulsion in the limb and loss of consciousness for a few minutes. Neurological examination revealed distal dominant flaccid paresis, positive pathological reflex and touch and position sense disturbances in the affected limb. Brain CT detected two high-density areas in the parietal lobe. Brain MRI demonstrated an acute phase subcortical hematoma in the left postcentral gyrus and a subacute phase one in the left superior parietal lobule. SPECT indicated hypoperfusion in the left frontal and parietal cortex. Cerebral angiography showed no abnormal findings. Her symptoms gradually improved, but left ulnar-type pseudoradicular sensory impairment remained on discharge. We considered the hemorrhage in this patient have arisen from rupture of cavernous hemangioma, because she was relatively young, the hematomas were oval in shape and successively developed in the left parietal lobe. Our patient suggests that a subcortical hemorrhage in the post-central gyrus causes flaccid paresis and pyramidal tract involvement.

Diseño de los procesos para industrializar la soya

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Barrigas Romero, Cesar Orlando; Miranda, Luis

2009-01-01

El objetivo general es el diseño de los procesos y de las líneas de producción a escala semi industrial para la obtención de productos alimenticios a base de soya. Para ello, en la primera parte se describe a la soya como materia prima, en la fase experimental establecimos parámetros de proceso para estandarizar resultados con 1 kilo de soya como base a fin de obtener leche, queso y yogurt de soya con la parte líquida; y con la parte sólida un producto tipo granola y tortitas a base de la mez...

Seeing is not feeling: posterior parietal but not somatosensory cortex engagement during touch observation.

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Chan, Annie W-Y; Baker, Chris I

2015-01-28

Observing touch has been reported to elicit activation in human primary and secondary somatosensory cortices and is suggested to underlie our ability to interpret other's behavior and potentially empathy. However, despite these reports, there are a large number of inconsistencies in terms of the precise topography of activation, the extent of hemispheric lateralization, and what aspects of the stimulus are necessary to drive responses. To address these issues, we investigated the localization and functional properties of regions responsive to observed touch in a large group of participants (n = 40). Surprisingly, even with a lenient contrast of hand brushing versus brushing alone, we did not find any selective activation for observed touch in the hand regions of somatosensory cortex but rather in superior and inferior portions of neighboring posterior parietal cortex, predominantly in the left hemisphere. These regions in the posterior parietal cortex required the presence of both brush and hand to elicit strong responses and showed some selectivity for the form of the object or agent of touch. Furthermore, the inferior parietal region showed nonspecific tactile and motor responses, suggesting some similarity to area PFG in the monkey. Collectively, our findings challenge the automatic engagement of somatosensory cortex when observing touch, suggest mislocalization in previous studies, and instead highlight the role of posterior parietal cortex. Copyright © 2015 the authors 0270-6474/15/351468-13$15.00/0.

Observing complex action sequences: The role of the fronto-parietal mirror neuron system.

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Molnar-Szakacs, Istvan; Kaplan, Jonas; Greenfield, Patricia M; Iacoboni, Marco

2006-11-15

A fronto-parietal mirror neuron network in the human brain supports the ability to represent and understand observed actions allowing us to successfully interact with others and our environment. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we wanted to investigate the response of this network in adults during observation of hierarchically organized action sequences of varying complexity that emerge at different developmental stages. We hypothesized that fronto-parietal systems may play a role in coding the hierarchical structure of object-directed actions. The observation of all action sequences recruited a common bilateral network including the fronto-parietal mirror neuron system and occipito-temporal visual motion areas. Activity in mirror neuron areas varied according to the motoric complexity of the observed actions, but not according to the developmental sequence of action structures, possibly due to the fact that our subjects were all adults. These results suggest that the mirror neuron system provides a fairly accurate simulation process of observed actions, mimicking internally the level of motoric complexity. We also discuss the results in terms of the links between mirror neurons, language development and evolution.

Evaluación distintas metodologías para la preservación de Clostridium tetani, empleado en la producción de vacunas para uso humano.

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Elsie Iglesias

2000-03-01

Full Text Available En el presente estudio se evaluaron diferentes metodologías para la preservación de Clostridium tetani. Para verificar el sustento del cultivo se realizó un adecuado control de calidad, que incluyó comprobación de pureza, viabilidad y estabilidad de las propiedades de interés. En este trabajo se compararon dos procedimientos para liofilizar y se evaluó el método de congelación a –20 0C para preservar C. tetani. Para medir determinados parámetros se realizaron procesos a escala industrial, empleándose para esto un Biorreactor Chemap de 35 L. Con este trabajo se buscó Alternativas y soluciones a problemas presentados en su conservación. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren la posible inclusión en el Programa de Mantenimiento establecido

Análise de sensibilidade global dos parâmetros termofísicos de uma edificação residencial de acordo com o método de simulação do RTQ-R

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Arthur Santos Silva

Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a sensibilidade global de parâmetros termofísicos considerados no Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edificações Residenciais (RTQ-R. Um estudo de caso de uma habitação em Florianópolis, SC, foi realizado por meio de simulação computacional no EnergyPlus com o arquivo climático TRY. Foram definidos 15 parâmetros utilizados no RTQ-R, variados por meio de amostragem com o Hipercubo Latino e geraram-se 500 simulações aleatórias. As variáveis dependentes são os graus-hora de resfriamento, consumo relativo com aquecimento e com refrigeração. Para a análise de sensibilidade foram utilizados os métodos dos Coeficientes de Regressão Padronizados e Coeficientes de Correlação Parcial. Foram feitas análises de variabilidade e comparação de simulações individuais. Os resultados mostraram que os parâmetros mais influentes diferem para cada variável dependente, o que dificulta a proposta de soluções de desempenho que atendam às condições de verão e inverno simultaneamente. A absortância solar e a emissividade da cobertura foram os parâmetros mais influentes em geral. O trabalho contribuiu para a identificação quantitativa dos parâmetros mais influentes no desempenho da edificação, o que pode auxiliar nos processos de otimização e na proposta de níveis de classificação de desempenho em certificações.

Identificação dos parâmetros de design de dutos de luz solar através do emprego da simulação computacional

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Gandhi Escajadillo Toledo

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Os dutos de luz solar podem reduzir o consumo de energia gasta em iluminação, como também melhorar o conforto visual nos ambientes. Para a previsão do desempenho lumínico destes sistemas, recomenda-se a utilização de simulações computacionais, como o programa Troplux. O presente artigo tem como objetivo determinar os parâmetros de design para os dutos de luz solar através da simulação computacional. O método aplicado neste trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foi comparado o desempenho luminoso de três modelos virtuais de dutos de luz solar, com características ópticas iguais, mas com geometrias diferentes, visando identificar a geometria de duto mais eficiente. Na segunda etapa foi simulado o desempenho do duto de luz eleito, tendo como referência as especificações da CIE (Comissão Internacional de Iluminação para os tipos de céu e incidência solar. Os resultados das simulações foram então empregados para identificar os principais parâmetros de design para o os dutos de luz solar.

Identificação dos parâmetros de design de dutos de luz solar através do emprego da simulação computacional

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Gandhi Escajadillo Toledo

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Os dutos de luz solar podem reduzir o consumo de energia gasta em iluminação, como também melhorar o conforto visual nos ambientes. Para a previsão do desempenho lumínico destes sistemas, recomenda-se a utilização de simulações computacionais, como o programa Troplux. O presente artigo tem como objetivo determinar os parâmetros de design para os dutos de luz solar através da simulação computacional. O método aplicado neste trabalho foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foi comparado o desempenho luminoso de três modelos virtuais de dutos de luz solar, com características ópticas iguais, mas com geometrias diferentes, visando identificar a geometria de duto mais eficiente. Na segunda etapa foi simulado o desempenho do duto de luz eleito, tendo como referência as especificações da CIE (Comissão Internacional de Iluminação para os tipos de céu e incidência solar. Os resultados das simulações foram então empregados para identificar os principais parâmetros de design para o os dutos de luz solar.

Estudo anatômico dos principais sulcos e giros do cérebro de Cebus libidinosus (Rylands, 2000) (Primates, Cebidae) e análise da citoarquitetura cortical do lobo parietal usando a técnica de Golgi-Cox

OpenAIRE

Paula, Jarbas Pereira de

2011-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a morfologia do cérebro de Cebus a fim de evidenciar os principais giros e sulcos, o grau de girencefalia, o índice de encefalização e as medidas das principais estruturas, para comparar os resultados com os dados na literatura para humanos, chimpanzés, babuínos e outros primatas não humanos. Além disso, executa-se o estudo da arquitetura do neocórtex parietal utilizando a técnica histológica de Golgix-Cox. Quatro espécimes de Cebus libidinosus adultos e sa...

Propuestas metodológicas para la educación superior

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Piqué Simón, Begoña; Forés i Miravalles, Anna

2012-01-01

Este documento amplia el capitulo 7 del libro Enseñar y aprender en la universidad digital, detallando de forma completa las propuestas metodológicas que se presentan en él y que han sido llevadas a cabo en el marco universitario. Son propuestas metodológicas que permiten el flujo de posibilidades para mejorar la docencia universitaria. La clave de dichas propuestas se fundamenta en la interrelación entre los diversos entornos y materiales para el aprendizaje. Entendemos por entornos par...

Eficacia de vibraciones transtorácicas más in-exuflación mecánica versus:técnicas manuales para tos asistida en pacientes pediátricos con parálisis cerebral grave o profunda

OpenAIRE

Vergara Lozano, Pedro

2014-01-01

Las infecciones respiratorias recurrentes son frecuentes en la Parálisis Cerebral (PCI). La tos asistida manual (TAM) y mecánica (TM) persigue preservar las funciones del aparato respiratorio. Objetivo:. Evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento con vibraciones transtorácicas más insuflación-exuflación mecánica frente a las técnicas manuales, para inducir tos asistida en pacientes pediátricos con PCI grave o profunda. Método: 40 niños con PCI hospitalizados por infecciones respiratorias con edad me...

COMPARAÇÃO DE TIRAS REAGENTES PARA URINÁLISE VETERINÁRIA

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Rudison da Silva Florêncio

2016-11-01

Full Text Available No exame de urina é possível identificar parâmetros como pH, glicose, cetona, proteína, bilirrubina, urobilinogênio, densidade, hemoglobina, leucócitos, ácido ascórbico, outros e o exame do sedimento urinário. Este estudo foi desenvolvido para comparar as marcas de tiras reagentes de urina Roche Combur10 Test® UX, Labtest Uriquest Plus VET® e Inlab Uri-test11® com a marca utilizada na rotina do Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, a Labtest Uriquest Plus®. Foi observada discrepâncias entre os resultados das marcas desenvolvidas para a medicina humana com a marca desenvolvida para a medicina veterinária e entre elas, nos exames da urina de cães atendidos no Hospital Veterinário. Foi possível observar que os parâmetros de pH, densidade e proteína urinária apresentaram maiores discrepâncias entre as fitas quando comparado com padrões para dosagens da densidade por refratometria e da proteína por espectrofotometria. Há necessidade de padronização do exame de urina com tiras reagentes, pois é um valioso auxílio ao diagnóstico de doenças renais e extra-renais.

Parámetros de Transferencia de Materia en el Secado de Frutas Mass Transfer Parameters in Fruit Drying

OpenAIRE

Sebastião R Ferreira; Antônio R. S Costa

2009-01-01

Se desarrolló un modelo analítico para obtención de parámetros de transferencia de materia en el secado de frutas. El modelo considera la disminución del radio de las frutas durante el proceso de secado. Con el modelo matemático se predice simultánemente el coeficiente externo de transferencia de materia k m y la difusividad de agua en los frutos D AB. Para probar el modelo se obtuvo en forma expermental datos de masa de agua M A en la fruta versus el tiempo de secado t, además del radio inic...

Parâmetros astrofísicos de estrelas gigantes do aglomerado globular 47 Tucanae

Science.gov (United States)

Alves-Brito, A.; Barbuy, B.

2003-08-01

Os aglomerados globulares são considerados laboratórios astrofísicos para a verificação da teoria de evolução estelar, bem como a trajetória químio-dinâmica das galáxias hospedeiras. Em particular, 47 Tucanae (NGC 104) configura-se como um dos mais extensivamente estudados aglomerados globulares da Galáxia devido a relativa proximidade ao Sol (R¤ = 4.5 kpc) e alta latitute galáctica (b = -44°,89). Neste trabalho, apresentamos a velocidade radial heliocêntrica e os parâmetros atmosféricos (Teff, logg, [Fe/H]) de 5 estrelas gigantes do aglomerado globular 47 Tucanae. Os espectros foram obtidos pelo espectrógrafo UVES (Ultaviolet Visual Echelle Spectrograph) de alta resolução (R = 60000) e alta razão sinal-ruído (S/N > 200), acoplado ao telescópio de 8,2m Kueyen do VLT (Very Large Telescope). Nós encontramos = -22,43 +/- 3,97 km/s, [Fe/H] ~ -0.7, 1,2 estrelas cobrem um intervalo de magnitude 12,2 < V < 14,2. Os parâmetros atmosféricos são fundamentais para a construção de espectros sintéticos de outros aglomerados globulares ricos em metais. Trabalho financiado pela FAPESP e pelo CNPq.

Right hemisphere dominance during spatial selective attention and target detection occurs outside the dorsal fronto-parietal network

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Shulman, Gordon L.; Pope, Daniel L. W.; Astafiev, Serguei V.; McAvoy, Mark P.; Snyder, Abraham Z.; Corbetta, Maurizio

2010-01-01

Spatial selective attention is widely considered to be right hemisphere dominant. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, however, have reported bilateral blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) responses in dorsal fronto-parietal regions during anticipatory shifts of attention to a location (Kastner et al., 1999; Corbetta et al., 2000; Hopfinger et al., 2000). Right-lateralized activity has mainly been reported in ventral fronto-parietal regions for shifts of attention to an unattended target stimulus (Arrington et al., 2000; Corbetta et al., 2000). However, clear conclusions cannot be drawn from these studies because hemispheric asymmetries were not assessed using direct voxel-wise comparisons of activity in left and right hemispheres. Here, we used this technique to measure hemispheric asymmetries during shifts of spatial attention evoked by a peripheral cue stimulus and during target detection at the cued location. Stimulus-driven shifts of spatial attention in both visual fields evoked right-hemisphere dominant activity in temporo-parietal junction (TPJ). Target detection at the attended location produced a more widespread right hemisphere dominance in frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex, including the TPJ region asymmetrically activated during shifts of spatial attention. However, hemispheric asymmetries were not observed during either shifts of attention or target detection in the dorsal fronto-parietal regions (anterior precuneus, medial intraparietal sulcus, frontal eye fields) that showed the most robust activations for shifts of attention. Therefore, right hemisphere dominance during stimulus-driven shifts of spatial attention and target detection reflects asymmetries in cortical regions that are largely distinct from the dorsal fronto-parietal network involved in the control of selective attention. PMID:20219998

Gastrin receptor characterization: affinity cross-linking of the gastrin receptor on canine gastric parietal cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Matsumoto, M.; Park, J.; Yamada, T.

1987-01-01

The authors applied affinity cross-linking methods to label the gastrin receptor on isolated canine gastric parietal cells in order to elucidate the nature of its chemical structure. 125 I-labeled Leu 15 -gastrin and 125 I-labeled gastrin/sub 2-17/ bound to intact parietal cells and their membranes with equal affinity, and half-maximal inhibition of binding was obtained at an incubation concentration of 3.2 x 10 -10 M unlabeled gastrin. 125 I-gastrin/sub 2-17/ was cross-linked to plasma membranes or intact parietal cells by incubation in disuccinimidyl suberate. The membrane pellets were solubilized with or without dithiothreitol and applied to electrophoresis on 7.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels. Autoradiograms revealed a band of labeling at M/sub r/ 76,000 and labeling of this band was inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion by addition of unlabeled gastrin to the incubation mixture. Dithiothreitol in concentrations as high as 100 mM did not later the electrophoretic mobility of the labeled band. After taking into account the molecular weight of 125 I-gastrin/sub 2-17/, the results suggest that the gastrin receptor on parietal cells is a single protein of M/sub r/ 74,000 without disulfide-linked subunits

REVALORIZANDO EL USO DE LA SELVA BAJA CADUCIFOLIA PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE RUMIANTES

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Juan Felipe de Jesus Torres-Acosta

2016-05-01

Full Text Available La selva baja caducifolia (SBC de Yucatán, México, es un recurso natural valioso que provee servicios ambientales y diferentes productos para beneficio de los humanos. El presente trabajo ofrece información acerca de la selva baja caducifolia (SBC como un recurso natural que puede ser adecuado para la producción de rumiantes. Primeramente se describe las características de la SBC en particular a su riqueza de recursos botánicos. Se incluye la descripción de cómo es cosechada la vegetación por ovinos y caprinos para obtener alimento, así como una lista de los diferentes tipos de parásitos que infectan a los rumiantes que pastorean en la SBC. Finalmente, se enlistan los diferentes métodos que podrían emplearse para el control integrado de dichos parásitos, buscando hacer uso racional de la SBC. Este uso racional del recurso forrajero debe evitar la sobre-explotación de la vegetación, y al mismo tiempo favorecer la buena alimentación de los rumiantes que la utilizan. Para lograr una actividad ganadera rentable se requiere implementar una estrategia de suplementación energética que permita aprovechar el elevado contenido de proteína de la mayoría de las plantas consumidas por rumiantes en la SBC. Por otra parte, el consumo de plantas de la SBC puede aportar compuestos secundarios con efecto antiparasitario. En conclusión, la SBC puede formar parte del manejo nutricional de los rumiantes y pude ayudar a controlar sus parásitos internos mediante los compuestos secundarios que contienen algunas plantas de dicho ecosistema. Lo anterior permitirá a los ganaderos reducir su dependencia por insumos externos para la alimentación de rumiantes así como reducir el uso de drogas antihelmínticas.

Unique and shared roles of the posterior parietal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cognitive functions

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Fumi eKatsuki

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex are two parts of a broader brain network involved in the control of cognitive functions such as working memory, spatial attention, and decision making. The two areas share many functional properties and exhibit similar patterns of activation during the execution of mental operations. However, neurophysiological experiments in non-human primates have also documented subtle differences, revealing functional specialization within the fronto-parietal network. These differences include the ability of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to influence memory performance, attention allocation and motor responses to a greater extent, and to resist interference by distracting stimuli. In recent years, distinct cellular and anatomical differences have been identified, offering insights into how functional specialization is achieved. This article reviews the common functions and functional differences between the dorsolateral prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex, and their underlying mechanisms.

Prediction of Reach Goals in Depth and Direction from the Parietal Cortex

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Matteo Filippini

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Summary: The posterior parietal cortex is well known to mediate sensorimotor transformations during the generation of movement plans, but its ability to control prosthetic limbs in 3D environments has not yet been fully demonstrated. With this aim, we trained monkeys to perform reaches to targets located at various depths and directions and tested whether the reach goal position can be extracted from parietal signals. The reach goal location was reliably decoded with accuracy close to optimal (>90%, and this occurred also well before movement onset. These results, together with recent work showing a reliable decoding of hand grip in the same area, suggest that this is a suitable site to decode the entire prehension action, to be considered in the development of brain-computer interfaces. : Filippini et al. show that it is possible to use parietal cortex activity to predict in which direction the arm will move and how far it will reach. This opens up the possibility of neural prostheses that can accurately guide reach and grasp using signals from this part of the brain. Keywords: neuroprosthetics, offline neural decoding, reaching in depth, monkey, V6A, machine learning, visuomotor transformations, hand guidance, prehension, robotics

Transcranial direct current stimulation over the parietal cortex alters bias in item and source memory tasks.

Science.gov (United States)

Pergolizzi, Denise; Chua, Elizabeth F

2016-10-01

Neuroimaging data have shown that activity in the lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC) correlates with item recognition and source recollection, but there is considerable debate about its specific contributions. Performance on both item and source memory tasks were compared between participants who were given bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the parietal cortex to those given prefrontal or sham tDCS. The parietal tDCS group, but not the prefrontal group, showed decreased false recognition, and less bias in item and source discrimination tasks compared to sham stimulation. These results are consistent with a causal role of the PPC in item and source memory retrieval, likely based on attentional and decision-making biases. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Soldadura TIG de espumas de aluminio. Análisis de los parámetros operacionales de espumado

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Portolés, A.

2011-06-01

Full Text Available In this work the influence of main parameters that take part during TIG welding process are analyzed. Some of these parameters belong to the welding process, as for example the welding speed, intensity and voltage while others are from the material and tooling features, as for example foaming material and tooling design. The result of this work shows a strong dependence on these parameters of the TIG welding process for metallic foams.

En este trabajo se analiza la influencia de los principales parámetros que intervienen en el proceso de soldadura TIG. Algunos de estos parámetros pertenecen al proceso de soldadura, velocidad de soldadura, intensidad y tensión, mientras otros son propios de las características del material y el utillaje, material precursor y forma de implementar la instalación de ensayo. El resultado de este trabajo muestra una fuerte dependencia de estos parámetros con el proceso de soldadura TIG para las espumas metálicas de aluminio.

Determinação de parâmetros reológicos de argamassas e concreto através de técnicas alternativas

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M. P. Barbosa

Full Text Available As pastas, juntamente com as argamassas e os concretos, são suspensões reativas, cuja consistência é modificada ao longo do tempo, sobretudo pela atuação do cimento. Eles apresentam um comportamento de fluido não-newtoniano e exibem uma viscosidade que varia com a tensão aplicada. Com base em técnicas alternativas, foram determinados, analisados e comparados o comportamento e as propriedades reológicas de argamassas e de concretos a partir de medidas experimentais de abatimento, cálculo da tensão crítica ou de escoamento, com e sem adição de aditivos, assim como valores de viscosidade. As técnicas alternativas utilizadas foram o cilindro de Pashias e o ensaio de abatimento de tronco de cone modificado para as argamassas e os concretos, respectivamente. Os valores de parâmetros reométricos obtidos a partir das técnicas alternativas para as argamassas e concretos testados foram comparados com resultados de ensaios realizados em reômetro, apontando boa aceitação das técnicas alternativas e menos onerosas na determinação de parâmetros reológicos de materiais à base cimentícia. Pôde-se inferir ainda que o modelo reológico binghamiano, com dois parâmetros reológicos (tensão crítica ou de escoamento e viscosidade, mostrou-se como condição necessária e suficiente para representar o comportamento das misturas estudadas neste trabalho.

Análisis de metales en filtros de aire para monitoreo ambiental

OpenAIRE

Ballena Salvador, Luis Humberto; Ballena Salvador, Luis Humberto

2012-01-01

La mayoría de laboratorios de servicios de análisis para medio ambiente, realizan implementación y/o validación de métodos analíticos normalizados y no normalizados para matrices de aguas, suelos y aire. Al no existir métodos normalizados se hace la validación de un método nuevo, se realizan pruebas a nivel de laboratorio de límites de detección e incertidumbre de los analitos; y finalmente se hace una incertidumbre con parámetros de calidad interlaboratorios. Para el estudio de calidad de...

Vulnerability of the frontal and parietal regions in hypertensive patients during working memory task.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xin; Wang, Wenxiao; Wang, Ailin; Li, Peng; Zhang, Junying; Tao, Wuhai; Zhang, Zhanjun

2017-05-01

Hypertension is related with cognitive decline in the elderly. The frontal-parietal executive system plays an important role in cognitive aging and is also vulnerable to damage in elderly patients with hypertension. Examination of the brain's functional characteristics in frontal-parietal regions of hypertension is likely to be important for understanding the neural mechanisms of hypertension's effect on cognitive aging. We address this issue by comparing hypertension and control-performers in a functional MRI study. Twenty-eight hypertensive patients and 32 elderly controls were tested with n-back task with two load levels. The hypertensive patients exhibited worse executive and memory abilities than control subjects. The patterns of brain activation changed under different working memory loads in the hypertensive patients, who exhibited reduced activation only in the precentral gyrus under low loads and reduced activation in the middle frontal gyrus, left medial superior frontal gyrus and right precuneus under high loads. Thus, more regions of diminished activation were observed in the frontal and parietal regions with increasing task difficulty. More importantly, we found that lower activation in changed frontal and parietal regions was associated with worse cognitive function in high loads. The results demonstrate the relationship between cognitive function and frontoparietal functional activation in hypertension and their relevance to cognitive aging risk. Our findings provide a better understanding of the mechanism of cognitive decline in hypertension and highlight the importance of brain protection in hypertension.

Determinación de parámetros de transformación local para escalas cartográficas grandes: Apoyo al proceso de migración de Internacional Bogotá a MAGNA SIRGAS

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Gil Pérez Sandra Milena

2011-11-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo busca calcular parámetros de transformación local para ser aplicados en procesos de migración de datos al nuevo Sistema de Referencia MAGNASIRGAS. Constituye también un acercamiento a este Datum como plataforma de georreferenciación del país en reemplazo del antiguo Datum Bogotá. El informe completo establece el contexto espacial de los trabajos, esbozando sus características en cuanto a condiciones fisiográficas, edáficas y de zonas de vida. El marco conceptual presenta un estado del arte de los principales conceptos teóricos y prácticos que dan base al proyecto y que permiten entender procesos que se abordan en los capítulos siguientes. La metodología establece paso a paso las tareas seguidas que permitieron lograr los objetivos trazados por el estudio en cuanto al cálculo de parámetros y a su utilización acertada a un conjunto de datos espaciales. En este aparte del documento, pueden monitorearse claramente no solo los procesos, sino todas las herramientas tecnológicas necesarias, representadas en programas de postproceso y cálculo, que permitieron a este trabajo ser una experiencia exitosa.

Produção de biscoitos extrusados de polvilho azedo com fibras: efeito de parâmetros operacionais sobre as propriedades físicas

OpenAIRE

Camargo,Karina Fernandes de; Leonel,Magali; Mischan,Martha Maria

2008-01-01

Neste trabalho buscou-se avaliar o efeito de parâmetros operacionais do processo de extrusão no desenvolvimento de biscoitos de polvilho com fibras, utilizando como matérias-primas o polvilho azedo e o farelo de mandioca. O processamento foi realizado em um extrusor mono-rosca, sendo considerados parâmetros variáveis: temperatura na 3ª zona de extrusão, umidade e porcentagem de fibras na mistura. Para analisar o efeito combinado das variáveis independentes nas características tecnológicas dos...

Connections of the medial posterior parietal cortex (area 7m) in the monkey.

Science.gov (United States)

Leichnetz, G R

2001-06-01

The afferent and efferent cortical and subcortical connections of the medial posterior parietal cortex (area 7m) were studied in cebus (Cebus apella) and macaque (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys using the retrograde and anterograde capabilities of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. The principal intraparietal corticocortical connections of area 7m in both cebus and macaque cases were with the ipsilateral medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus (MIP) and adjacent superior parietal lobule (area 5), inferior parietal lobule (area 7a), lateral bank of the IPS (area 7ip), caudal parietal operculum (PGop), dorsal bank of the caudal superior temporal sulcus (visual area MST), and medial prestriate cortex (including visual area PO and caudal medial lobule). Its principal frontal corticocortical connections were with the prefrontal cortex in the shoulder above the principal sulcus and the cortex in the shoulder above the superior ramus of the arcuate sulcus (SAS), the area purported to contain the smooth eye movement-related frontal eye field (FEFsem) in the cebus monkey by other investigators. There were moderate connections with the cortex in the rostral bank of the arcuate sulcus (purported to contain the saccade-related frontal eye field; FEFsac), supplementary eye field (SEF), and rostral dorsal premotor area (PMDr). Area 7m also had major connections with the cingulate cortex (area 23), particularly the ventral bank of the cingulate sulcus. The principal subcortical connections of area 7m were with the dorsal portion of the ventrolateral thalamic (VLc) nucleus, lateral posterior thalamic nucleus, lateral pulvinar, caudal mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and medial pulvinar, central lateral, central superior lateral, and central inferior intralaminar thalamic nuclei, dorsolateral caudate nucleus and putamen, middle region of the claustrum, nucleus of the diagonal band, zona incerta, pregeniculate nucleus, anterior and posterior pretectal nuclei, intermediate layer of

Revisión de parámetros fisicoquímicos como indicadores de calidad y contaminación del agua

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Natalia Eugenia Samboni Ruiz

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de facilitar la interpretación de los datos físicos, químicos y biológicos, cada vez más agencias medio-ambientales, universidades e institutos recurren a los indices de calidad y contaminación del agua (ICA e ICO, los cuales mediante una expresión matemática que representa todos los parámetros valorados permiten evaluar el recurso hídrico. La elaboración y aplicación de cualquier indicador es específica para cada región o fuente en particular; pero su construcción básicamente consta de tres pasos fundamentales: la selección de las variables, la determinación de los subíndices para cada parámetro y la elección de la fórmula de agregación. Los variables que más se tienen en cuenta en este proceso son: pH, oxígeno disuelto, Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO, una forma de nitrógeno, fosfatos y sólidos totales (ST. Por lo tanto su uso no puede ser generalizado ya que se podría terminar realizando juicios subjetivos, además bajo un solo indicador no se puede evaluar la dinámica de un sistema, por lo que es importante también el estudio de cada variable individualmente. Este artículo presenta una revisión de los indicadores ICA e ICO más utilizados en algunos países de América y Europa,asi como su diseño e interpretación, que se basan en parámetros físico-químicos para su evaluación.

Validación del método analítico para tabletas de dicloroisocianurato de sodio para desinfección de agua potable

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Luis Octavio Martínez Álvarez

Full Text Available Introducción: en Cuba se han desarrollado las primeras tabletas efervescentes de 3,5 mg dicloroisocianurato de sodio, como ingrediente activo no terapéutico, el cual libera una determinada cantidad de cloro al disolverse en un litro de agua, capaz de inducir a una adecuada desinfección del agua potable y lista para ingerir después de transcurrido 30 min. Objetivo: desarrollar y validar un método analítico yodométrico, aplicable al control de la calidad de las tabletas efervescentes de 3,5 mg de dicloroisocianurato de sodio. Métodos: para la cuantificación del contenido de cloro activo libre en las tabletas efervescentes, se empleó como técnica un método potenciométrico, utilizando electrodos de platino y solución valorada de tiosulfato de sodio 0,1 N. El método desarrollado fue validado según los parámetros exigidos para la categoría I, que incluye las técnicas destinadas a cuantificar principios activos en las formas terminadas. Adicionalmente se realizaron otras pruebas para evaluar la influencia del analista y el día en los resultados analíticos. Resultados: los parámetros evaluados en la validación del método se encontraron dentro de los límites establecidos. El método resultó ser específico, lineal, exacto y preciso en el rango de concentraciones estudiadas. Conclusiones: los resultados permiten que el método pueda emplearse de manera confiable y segura.

Automatic and Intentional Number Processing Both Rely on Intact Right Parietal Cortex: A Combined fMRI and Neuronavigated TMS Study

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Cohen Kadosh, Roi; Bien, Nina; Sack, Alexander T.

2012-01-01

Practice and training usually lead to performance increase in a given task. In addition, a shift from intentional toward more automatic processing mechanisms is often observed. It is currently debated whether automatic and intentional processing is subserved by the same or by different mechanism(s), and whether the same or different regions in the brain are recruited. Previous correlational evidence provided by behavioral, neuroimaging, modeling, and neuropsychological studies addressing this question yielded conflicting results. Here we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to compare the causal influence of disrupting either left or right parietal cortex during automatic and intentional numerical processing, as reflected by the size congruity effect and the numerical distance effect, respectively. We found a functional hemispheric asymmetry within parietal cortex with only the TMS-induced right parietal disruption impairing both automatic and intentional numerical processing. In contrast, disrupting the left parietal lobe with TMS, or applying sham stimulation, did not affect performance during automatic or intentional numerical processing. The current results provide causal evidence for the functional relevance of right, but not left, parietal cortex for intentional, and automatic numerical processing, implying that at least within the parietal cortices, automatic, and intentional numerical processing rely on the same underlying hemispheric lateralization. PMID:22347175

Moniliophthora roreri (Cif y Par Evans et al. en el cultivo de cacao

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Fernando David Sánchez Mora

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Más de un siglo, el cacao (Theobroma cacaoL. en el Ecuador ha sido fuente importante de ingresos para losagricultoresy de divisas para el país, llegando a ser uno de los exportadores más grandes a nivel mundial.Posteriormente, perdió paulatinamente ese estatus debido al ataque de enfermedades, entre ellas la moniliasiscausada por [Moniliophthoraroreri(Cif y ParEvanset al.]. Esta enfermedad puede causar daños hasta del80% en la producción. Actualmente no existe mucha información actualizada y científica, sobre su ocurrencia,sintomatología, etiología, epidemiología, ciclo de vida y manejo o estrategias de controlde la mencionadaenfermedad, por la tanto se realiza esta revisión con estos tópicos importantes, aportando con esto a esta áreadel conocimiento.

Par Pond vegetation status Summer 1995 -- Summary

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mackey, H.E. Jr.; Riley, R.S.

1996-01-01

The water level of Par Pond was lowered approximately 20 feet in mid-1991 in order to protect downstream residents from possible dam failure suggested by subsidence on the downstream slope of the dam and to repair the dam. This lowering exposed both emergent and nonemergent macrophyte beds to drying conditions resulting in extensive losses. A survey of the newly emergent, shoreline aquatic plant communities of Par Pond began in June 1995, three months after the refilling of Par Pond to approximately 200 feet above mean sea level. These surveys continued in July, September, and late October, 1995. Communities similar to the pre-drawdown, Par Pond aquatic plant communities are becoming re-established. Emergent beds of maidencane, lotus, waterlily, and watershield are extensive and well developed. Cattail occurrence continued to increase during the summer, but large beds common to Par Pond prior to the drawdown have not formed. Estimates from SPOT HRV, remote sensing satellite data indicated that as much as 120 hectares of emergent wetlands vegetation may have been present along the Par Pond shoreline by early October, 1995. To track the continued development of macrophytes in Par Pond, future surveys throughout 1996 and 1997, along with the continued evaluation of satellite data to map the areal extent of the macrophyte beds of Par Pond, are planned

Estimativas de parâmetros de cruzamentos para peso de fêmeas Holandês/Gir

OpenAIRE

Martins,Gabrimar Araújo; Madalena,Fernando Enrique; Bruschi,José Henrique; Costa,José Ladeira da; Teodoro,Roberto Luiz; Monteiro,João Bosco Neves

2004-01-01

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, o desenvolvimento de modelo para a descrição do peso de vacas, novilhas e bezerras Holandês/Gir. Foram utilizados 18.089 pesos mensais de 412 fêmeas, em fazenda demonstrativa na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados pelo Proc Mixed do pacote SAS, separadamente, para as seguintes categorias: a) vacas, b) novilhas maiores de 12 meses de idade, c) novilhas de 70 dias a 12 meses e d) bezerras de até 70 dias. Para cada uma destas categorias, as eq...

Examining the role of the temporo-parietal network in memory, imagery, and viewpoint transformations.

Science.gov (United States)

Dhindsa, Kiret; Drobinin, Vladislav; King, John; Hall, Geoffrey B; Burgess, Neil; Becker, Suzanna

2014-01-01

The traditional view of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) focuses on its role in episodic memory. However, some of the underlying functions of the MTL can be ascertained from its wider role in supporting spatial cognition in concert with parietal and prefrontal regions. The MTL is strongly implicated in the formation of enduring allocentric representations (e.g., O'Keefe, 1976; King et al., 2002; Ekstrom et al., 2003). According to our BBB model (Byrne et al., 2007), these representations must interact with head-centered and body-centered representations in posterior parietal cortex via a transformation circuit involving retrosplenial areas. Egocentric sensory representations in parietal areas can then cue the recall of allocentric spatial representations in long-term memory and, conversely, the products of retrieval in MTL can generate mental imagery within a parietal "window." Such imagery is necessarily egocentric and forms part of visuospatial working memory, in which it can be manipulated for the purpose of planning/imagining the future. Recent fMRI evidence (Lambrey et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2012) supports the BBB model. To further test the model, we had participants learn the locations of objects in a virtual scene and tested their spatial memory under conditions that impose varying demands on the transformation circuit. We analyzed how brain activity correlated with accuracy in judging the direction of an object (1) from visuospatial working memory (we assume transient working memory due to the order of tasks and the absence of change in viewpoint, but long-term memory retrieval is also possible), (2) after a rotation of viewpoint, or (3) after a rotation and translation of viewpoint (judgment of relative direction). We found performance-related activity in both tasks requiring viewpoint rotation (ROT and JRD, i.e., conditions 2 and 3) in the core medial temporal to medial parietal circuit identified by the BBB model. These results are consistent with the

Parasites of the Green-backed Firecrown (Sephanoides sephaniodes in Chile Parásitos del picaflor chico (Sephanoides sephaniodes en Chile

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Daniel González-Acuña

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Gastrointestinal and external parasites from 12 Green-backed Firecrown (Sephanoides sephaniodes were collected between January 2004 and December 2008 from the Biobío Region south-central Chile and Santiago (central Chile. Helminths collected included 1 trematode species (Mosesia sp. and 1 cestode species (Hymenolepis trinidadensis. The mite Proctophyllodes huitzilopchtlii was the only ectoparasite species found. All these parasites represent new records for Chile and the first parasites reported for this host species.Se recolectaron parásitos internos (gastrointestinales y externos de 12 picaflores (Sephanoides sephaniodes entre enero del 2004 y diciembre del 2008, de la región del Biobío en el centro-sur de Chile y en Santiago, en la región central de Chile. Los helmintos recolectados incluyeron 1 especie de trematodo (Mosesia sp. y 1 de cestodo (Hymenolepis trinidadensis. Únicamente se encontró 1 especie de ectoparásito, el ácaro Proctophyllodes huitzilopchtlii. Todos los parásitos mencionados representan nuevos registros para Chile y se registran por primera vez para este hospedero.

Características nutricionales de niños con parálisis cerebral: ARIE - Villa El Salvador, 2004

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Aníbal Del Águila

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia y tipos de desnutrición en niños con parálisis cerebral (PC e identificar problemas que conducen a ella. Diseño: Estudio clínico descriptivo. Lugar: Centro de Medicina y Rehabilitación Infantil ARIE, en el distrito de Villa El Salvador. Pacientes: Cincuenta y tres niños con PC que asistían para su rehabilitación. Intervenciones: La información clínica fue obtenida por entrevista con la madre y para el diagnóstico nutricional se utilizó la clasificación de Waterlow. Para el diagnóstico de anemia, se evaluó los valores de hemoglobina y hematocrito. La enteroparasitosis fue diagnosticada por examen directo de heces y examen de Graham, en forma seriada. El procesamiento de información y análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el programa SPSS 11.0. Principales medidas de resultados: Presencia de desnutrición, dificultades para alimentación, reflujo gastroesofágico, anemia y enteroparasitosis. Resultados: Se encontró desnutrición en 81,1% de niños, siendo la desnutrición crónica el diagnóstico más frecuente, en 43,5%. Entre los problemas asociados a malnutrición, las dificultades para la alimentación estuvieron presentes en 94,3% de los niños y síntomas de reflujo gastroesofágico, en 81,1%. La prevalencia de anemia fue 32,4% y de enteroparasitosis, 54,1%. Conclusiones: Los niños con parálisis cerebral evaluados presentan una elevada prevalencia de desnutrición, relacionada al hallazgo frecuente de dificultades para la alimentación, reflujo gastroesofágico y enteroparasitosis. Este grupo de niños constituye una población de riesgo alto de morbilidad y mortalidad.

Haptically guided grasping. FMRI shows right-hemisphere parietal stimulus encoding, and bilateral dorso-ventral parietal gradients of object- and action-related processing during grasp execution

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Mattia eMarangon

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The neural bases of haptically-guided grasp planning and execution are largely unknown, especially for stimuli having no visual representations. Therefore, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI to monitor brain activity during haptic exploration of novel 3D complex objects, subsequent grasp planning, and the execution of the pre-planned grasps. Haptic object exploration, involving extraction of shape, orientation and length of the to-be-grasped targets, was associated with the fronto-parietal, temporo-occipital, and insular cortex activity. Yet, only the anterior divisions of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC of the right hemisphere were significantly more engaged in exploration of complex objects (vs. simple control disks. None of these regions were re-recruited during the planning phase. Even more surprisingly, the left-hemisphere intraparietal, temporal, and occipital areas that were significantly invoked for grasp planning did not show sensitivity to object features. Finally, grasp execution, involving the re-recruitment of the critical right-hemisphere PPC clusters, was also significantly associated with two kinds of bilateral parieto-frontal processes. The first represents transformations of grasp-relevant target features and is linked to the dorso-dorsal (lateral and medial parieto-frontal networks. The second monitors grasp kinematics and belongs to the ventro-dorsal networks. Indeed, signal modulations associated with these distinct functions follow dorso-ventral gradients, with left aIPS showing significant sensitivity to both target features and the characteristics of the required grasp. Thus, our results from the haptic domain are consistent with the notion that the parietal processing for action guidance reflects primarily transformations from object-related to effector-related coding, and these mechanisms are rather independent of sensory input modality.

Seasonal fluctuations in prevalence of dog intestinal parasites in public squares of Mar del Plata city, Argentina and its risk for humans Estacionalidad en la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales caninos en plazas públicas de Mar del Plata, Argentina, y su riesgo para la salud humana

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V. Andresiuk

2007-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this work is to analyze whether there is a seasonal prevalence of parasites in dog feces from public squares in Mar del Plata city, Argentina, and to evaluate the climatic conditions that promote the development of parasites and allow the transmission to people. The study was performed in 21 squares from June 2001 to May 2002. Samples were processed by the Willis technique. Differences in prevalence of parasites were examined for significance by the Chisquare test. Climatic data were obtained from the Library of the National Meteorological Service of Argentina. Total parasitic prevalence was higher in winter than in summer. The prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. was higher in the summer-autumn period. For Toxocara canis, the prevalence was higher in winter whereas for Trichuris vulpis, it was higher in winter, spring and summer. This work shows high prevalence of total parasites throughout the year. For Ancylostoma spp., summer and autumn might be the seasons with higher sanitary risk. On the other hand, T. canis could present the higher risk to people in winter and, T. vulpis, would be transmitted throughout the whole year. The seasonal variation in prevalence of dog parasites results in continuous exposure to people visiting the squares, not only Mar del Plata residents but also tourists from other regions of Argentina and the world, with at least one species of parasite with sanitary risk.El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la variación estacional de la prevalencia de los parásitos presentes en las heces caninas halladas en plazas públicas de la ciudad de Mar del Plata y evaluar aquellas condiciones climáticas que promueven su desarrollo y permiten su transmisión a la gente. El estudio se realizó en 21 plazas desde junio de 2001 hasta mayo de 2002. Las muestras fueron procesadas con la técnica de Willis. Se utilizó el test de c² para comparar la prevalencia de los diferentes parásitos. Los datos climáticos fueron

Right parietal cortex and calculation processing: intraoperative functional mapping of multiplication and addition in patients affected by a brain tumor.

Science.gov (United States)

Della Puppa, Alessandro; De Pellegrin, Serena; d'Avella, Elena; Gioffrè, Giorgio; Munari, Marina; Saladini, Marina; Salillas, Elena; Scienza, Renato; Semenza, Carlo

2013-11-01

The role of parietal areas in number processing is well known. The significance of intraoperative functional mapping of these areas has been only partially explored, however, and only a few discordant data are available in the surgical literature with regard to the right parietal lobe. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of simple calculation in cortical electrostimulation of right-handed patients affected by a right parietal brain tumor. Calculation mapping in awake surgery was performed in 3 right-handed patients affected by high-grade gliomas located in the right parietal lobe. Preoperatively, none of the patients presented with calculation deficits. In all 3 cases, after sensorimotor and language mapping, cortical and intraparietal sulcus areas involved in single-digit multiplication and addition calculations were mapped using bipolar electrostimulation. In all patients, different sites of the right parietal cortex, mainly in the inferior lobule, were detected as being specifically related to calculation (multiplication or addition). In 2 patients the intraparietal sulcus was functionally specific for multiplication. No functional sites for language were detected. All sites functional for calculation were spared during tumor resection, which was complete in all cases without postoperative neurological deficits. These findings provide intraoperative data in support of an anatomofunctional organization for multiplication and addition within the right parietal area. Furthermore, the study shows the potential clinical relevance of intraoperative mapping of calculation in patients undergoing surgery in the right parietal area. Further and larger studies are needed to confirm these data and assess whether mapped areas are effectively essential for function.

Tracing the origin of glomerular extracapillary lesions from parietal epithelial cells.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Smeets, B.; Uhlig, S.; Fuss, A.; Mooren, F.; Wetzels, J.F.M.; Floege, J.; Moeller, M.J.

2009-01-01

Cellular lesions form in Bowman's space in both crescentic glomerulonephritis and collapsing glomerulopathy. The pathomechanism and origin of the proliferating cells in these lesions are unknown. In this study, we examined proliferating cells by lineage tracing of either podocytes or parietal

The role of frontal and parietal brain areas in bistable perception

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Knapen, T.; Brascamp, J.; Pearson, J.; van Ee, R.; Blake, R.

2011-01-01

When sensory input allows for multiple, competing perceptual interpretations, observers' perception can fluctuate over time, which is called bistable perception. Imaging studies in humans have revealed transient responses in a right-lateralized network in the frontal-parietal cortex (rFPC) around

Modelo resorte-paríicula para telas hiperlasticas

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MANUEL GARCÍA

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un modelo computacional para la simulación de telas hiperelásticas. El modelo propuesto tiene un enfoque multi−partículas y simula la interacción de un material textil con un objeto deformante. La tela está representada por mallas rectangulares compuestas por resortes, este hecho permite al modelo comportarse ortotrópicamente y en consecuencia es posible simular sus propiedades en ambos sentidos. Las relaciones constitutivas del material preservan las capacidades hiperelásticas naturales de la tela. En el modelo desarrollado aquí, inicialmente la tela se encuentra en su estado natural no deformado. Luego se le da una deformación inicial que garantice el no contacto o intersección con el objeto deformante. Finalmente, la tela deformada es liberada, en consecuencia ella comienza a moverse iterativamente hacia a una posición de equilibrio. La posición final de equilibrio es alcanzada cuando las fuerzas internas son balanceadas por las fuerzas externas de contacto causadas por el objeto. Esto se logra cuando el criterio de parada ha sido satisfecho.

Tectônica deformadora do Domo de Monte Alegre - Pará

OpenAIRE

Figueira, Isabella Françoso Rebutini

2012-01-01

Resumo: O Domo de Monte Alegre, que se destaca em meio ao relevo da planície do rio Amazonas, é uma elevação topográfica situada na margem esquerda do rio, aproximadamente a 10 km a noroeste da cidade homônima, no estado do Pará. Esta estrutura dômica é reconhecida em imagens orbitais e a partir de sua descoberta, muitas têm sido as hipóteses para a gênese do domo, entretanto somente em 1975 Montalvão & Oliveira atribuíram a origem dômica à intrusões toleíticas básicas, que moldaram a estrutu...

Indicadores da Qualidade do Substrato para Monitoramento de Áreas de Mineração Revegetadas

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Raquel Olimpia Peláez Ocampo Almeida

Full Text Available Um procedimento para monitoramento e obtenção de indicadores para avaliação da recuperação ambiental de áreas mineradas foi desenvolvido e testado. Quatro bacias de disposição de rejeitos de mineração de areia industrial revegetadas em épocas distintas constituíram uma cronossequência de 14 anos que possibilitou a observação das mudanças das características físicas e químicas do substrato e o estabelecimento de relações com parâmetros de crescimento da vegetação. Uma análise de covariâncias multivariada entre os indicadores identificou a densidade de solo, teores de matéria orgânica e fósforo e pH como os mais apropriados para avaliar a qualidade do substrato e para atuarem como indicadores de resultados de ações de recuperação das bacias estudadas. Esse procedimento mostrou-se um instrumento de fácil aplicação para o acompanhamento da evolução da recuperação ambiental e para a obtenção de parâmetros quantitativos que facilitem a avaliação dos resultados das ações de recuperação.

Incisão periauricular para operações da glândula parótida Periauricular incision for surgical procedures on the parotid gland

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Andy Petroianu

2010-12-01

Full Text Available RACIONAL: As incisões mais comuns para parotidectomia consistem em abertura pré ou periauricular prolongadas para a região submandibular ou cervical. Elas podem acompanhar-se de cicatrizes imperfeitas, provocando deformidades cutâneas locais. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tratamento de afecções cirúrgicas parotídeas através de incisão periauricular apenas. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 39 pacientes consecutivos com moléstias da parótida. Adenoma pleomórfico (20 casos foi a afecção mais encontrada, seguida por outros tumores benignos (9 casos, carcinomas (5 casos, cisto parotídeo (3 casos e parotidite crônica (2 casos. Todas as parotidectomias foram realizadas através de incisão periauricular. Em presença de carcinoma, a linfadenectomia cervical foi conduzida por meio de incisão cervical transversa supra-hióidea homolateral. RESULTADO: A remoção da afecção parotídea foi possível em todos os casos sem incisão cutânea complementar. Todas as cicatrizes tiveram bom resultado estético e, após seis meses, elas estavam quase imperceptíveis. Os pacientes revelaram satisfação com o resultado da operação. Fraqueza facial temporária ocorreu em 28 operações. Desconforto auricular transitório foi registrado em 22 pacientes. Todos tiveram hipoestesia da região operada, que perdurou por até seis meses. As complicações encontradas neste trabalho estão descritas na literatura como esperadas em parotidectomia, independentemente do tipo de incisão. CONCLUSÃO: A incisão periauricular é opção boa e estética para abordagem cirúrgica da glândula parótida.BACKGROUND: The most common incisions for parotidectomy consist of opening or pre periauricular extended to the submandibular or cervical region. They can accompany themselves ragged scars, causing local skin deformities. AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment of parotid surgical diseases using periauricular incision. METHOD: Thirty nine patients with

Potential role of monkey inferior parietal neurons coding action semantic equivalences as precursors of parts of speech.

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Yamazaki, Yumiko; Yokochi, Hiroko; Tanaka, Michio; Okanoya, Kazuo; Iriki, Atsushi

2010-01-01

The anterior portion of the inferior parietal cortex possesses comprehensive representations of actions embedded in behavioural contexts. Mirror neurons, which respond to both self-executed and observed actions, exist in this brain region in addition to those originally found in the premotor cortex. We found that parietal mirror neurons responded differentially to identical actions embedded in different contexts. Another type of parietal mirror neuron represents an inverse and complementary property of responding equally to dissimilar actions made by itself and others for an identical purpose. Here, we propose a hypothesis that these sets of inferior parietal neurons constitute a neural basis for encoding the semantic equivalence of various actions across different agents and contexts. The neurons have mirror neuron properties, and they encoded generalization of agents, differentiation of outcomes, and categorization of actions that led to common functions. By integrating the activities of these mirror neurons with various codings, we further suggest that in the ancestral primates' brains, these various representations of meaningful action led to the gradual establishment of equivalence relations among the different types of actions, by sharing common action semantics. Such differential codings of the components of actions might represent precursors to the parts of protolanguage, such as gestural communication, which are shared among various members of a society. Finally, we suggest that the inferior parietal cortex serves as an interface between this action semantics system and other higher semantic systems, through common structures of action representation that mimic language syntax.

A relação entre motivação para aprender, percepção do clima de sala de aula para criatividade e desempenho escolar de alunos do 5 ano do ensino fundamental

OpenAIRE

Cavalcanti, Maria Mônica Pinheiro

2009-01-01

Diversos estudos ressaltam a importância da motivação, do conhecimento e das condições ambientais para o desenvolvimento do potencial criativo dos alunos. Neste sentido, a motivação para aprender e o clima de sala de aula são fatores essenciais que contribuem para o desenvolvimento da criatividade e também para o processo de construção e aquisição de conhecimentos. No Brasil, existem poucos estudos que investigam a inter-relação entre o desenvolvimento do potencial criativo e da motivação par...

Right parietal cortex mediates recognition memory for melodies.

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Schaal, Nora K; Javadi, Amir-Homayoun; Halpern, Andrea R; Pollok, Bettina; Banissy, Michael J

2015-07-01

Functional brain imaging studies have highlighted the significance of right-lateralized temporal, frontal and parietal brain areas for memory for melodies. The present study investigated the involvement of bilateral posterior parietal cortices (PPCs) for the recognition memory of melodies using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Participants performed a recognition task before and after tDCS. The task included an encoding phase (12 melodies), a retention period, as well as a recognition phase (24 melodies). Experiment 1 revealed that anodal tDCS over the right PPC led to a deterioration of overall memory performance compared with sham. Experiment 2 confirmed the results of Experiment 1 and further showed that anodal tDCS over the left PPC did not show a modulatory effect on memory task performance, indicating a right lateralization for musical memory. Furthermore, both experiments revealed that the decline in memory for melodies can be traced back to an interference of anodal stimulation on the recollection process (remember judgements) rather than to familiarity judgements. Taken together, this study revealed a causal involvement of the right PPC for memory for melodies and demonstrated a key role for this brain region in the recollection process of the memory task. © 2015 The Authors. European Journal of Neuroscience published by Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Modelagem hidrológica determinística e estocástica aplicada à região hidrográfica do Xingu- Pará

OpenAIRE

Lucas,Edmundo Wallace Monteiro; Sousa,Francisco de Assis Salviano de; Silva,Fabricio Daniel dos Santos; Lucio,Paulo Sergio

2009-01-01

A modelagem hidrológica é uma importante ferramenta no planejamento e gerenciamento de programas de recursos hídricos de bacias hidrográficas. Neste trabalho, foi aplicado o modelo hidrológico determinístico mensal de dois parâmetros e o modelo estocástico, ARIMA, para simular a vazão mensal das sub-bacias da região hidrográfica do Xingu no Estado do Pará. O objetivo principal foi simular a vazão mensal através dos modelos e comparar os seus resultados. O modelo hidrológico determinístico apl...

Parietal theta burst TMS: Functional fractionation observed during bistable perception not evident in attention tasks.

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Schauer, Georg; Kanai, Ryota; Brascamp, Jan W

2016-02-01

When visual input is ambiguous, perception spontaneously alternates between interpretations: bistable perception. Studies have identified two distinct sites near the right intraparietal sulcus where inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) affects the frequency of occurrence of these alternations, but strikingly with opposite directions of effect for the two sites. Lesion and TMS studies on spatial and sustained attention have also indicated a parcellation of right parietal cortex, into areas serving distinct attentional functions. We used the exact TMS procedure previously employed to affect bistable perception, yet measured its effect on spatial and sustained attention tasks. Although there was a trend for TMS to affect performance, trends were consistently similar for both parietal sites, with no indication of opposite effects. We interpret this as signifying that the previously observed parietal fractionation of function regarding the perception of ambiguous stimuli is not due to TMS-induced modification of spatial or sustained attention. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Transcriptional landscape of glomerular parietal epithelial cells.

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Sina A Gharib

Full Text Available Very little is known about the function of glomerular parietal epithelial cells (PECs. In this study, we performed genome-wide expression analysis on PEC-enriched capsulated vs. PEC-deprived decapsulated rat glomeruli to determine the transcriptional state of PECs under normal conditions. We identified hundreds of differentially expressed genes that mapped to distinct biologic modules including development, tight junction, ion transport, and metabolic processes. Since developmental programs were highly enriched in PECs, we characterized several of their candidate members at the protein level. Collectively, our findings confirm that PECs are multifaceted cells and help define their diverse functional repertoire.

Interlaminar differences in the pyramidal cell phenotype in parietal cortex of an Indian bat, cynopterus sphinx.

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Srivastava, U C; Pathak, S V

2010-10-30

To study interlaminar phenotypic variations in the pyramidal neurons of parietal isocortex in bat (Cynopterus sphinx), Golgi and Nissl methods have been employed. The parietal isocortex is relatively thin in the bat as compared to prototheria with layer III, V and VI accounting for more than two—thirds of total cortical thickness. Thick cell free layer I and thinnest accentuated layer II are quite in connotation with other chiropterids. Poor demarcation of layer III/IV in the present study is also in connotation with primitive eutherian mammal (i.e. prototherian) and other chiropterids. Most of the pyramidal cells in the different layers of the parietal isocortex are of typical type as seen in other eutherians but differ significantly in terms of soma shape and size, extent of dendritic arbor, diameter of dendrites and spine density. Percentage of pyramidal neurons, diameter of apical dendrite and spine density on apical dendrite appear to follow an increasing trend from primitive to advanced mammals; but extent of dendrites are probably governed by the specific life patterns of these mammals. It is thus concluded that 'typical' pyramidal neurons in parietal isocortex are similar in therians but different from those in prototherians. It is possible that these cells might have arisen among early eutherians after divergence from prototherian stock.

Treinamento físico para indivíduos HIV positivo submetidos à HAART: efeitos sobre parâmetros antropométricos e funcionais

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Edmar Lacerda Mendes

2013-02-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A terapia antirretroviral fortemente ativa (HAART tem melhorado a prognose em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. No entanto, a HAART tem sido associada ao desenvolvimento de anormalidades metabólicas e na distribuição de gordura corporal conhecida como síndrome lipodistrófica associada ao HIV (SLHIV. OBJETIVO: Este estudo investigou o impacto de 24 semanas de exercício resistido com componente aeróbico (ERCA sobre parâmetros antropométricos e funcionais de portadores de HIV submetidos à HAART. MÉTODOS: Noventa e nove indivíduos infectados pelo HIV foram randomicamente alocados em quatro grupos: exercício e lipodistrofia (n = 24; EX+LIP; exercício sem lipodistrofia (n = 21; EX+NoLIP; controle e lipodistrofia (n = 27; NoEX+LIP; controle sem lipodistrofia (n = 27; NoEX+NoLIP. Os indivíduos dos grupos exercitados (EX+LIP e EX+NoLIP participaram de 24 semanas de ERCA. Nos momentos pré e pós 24 semanas de intervenção foram realizadas medidas antropométricas, testes de força e aptidão cardiorrespiratória. RESULTADOS: Vinte e quatro semanas de ERCA alteraram os perímetros corporais avaliados (P < 0,0001 e a relação cintura/quadril (P = 0,017 nos dois grupos exercitados. Reduções foram observadas (P < 0,0001 para o somatório das sete dobras cutâneas avaliadas, percentual de gordura corporal, massa corporal gorda, gordura subcutânea total, central e periférica em resposta ao ERCA. A massa corporal magra aumentou (P < 0,0001 nos grupos exercitados, independente do desfecho (LIP ou NoLIP. A força muscular e a aptidão cardiorrespiratória aumentaram (P < 0,0001, para os dois grupos exercitados em resposta ao ERCA. CONCLUSÃO: Vinte e quatro semanas de ERCA impediram a manifestação das alterações decorrentes da SLHIV e contribuíram para a redução destas.

Fronto-parietal contributions to phonological processes in successful artificial grammar learning

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Dariya Goranskaya

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Sensitivity to regularities plays a crucial role in the acquisition of various linguistic features from spoken language input. Artificial grammar (AG learning paradigms explore pattern recognition abilities in a set of structured sequences (i.e. of syllables or letters. In the present study, we investigated the functional underpinnings of learning phonological regularities in auditorily presented syllable sequences. While previous neuroimaging studies either focused on functional differences between the processing of correct vs. incorrect sequences or between different levels of sequence complexity, here the focus is on the neural foundation of the actual learning success. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, participants were exposed to a set of syllable sequences with an underlying phonological rule system, known to ensure performance differences between participants. We expected that successful learning and rule application would require phonological segmentation and phoneme comparison. As an outcome of four alternating learning and test fMRI sessions, participants split into successful learners and non-learners. Relative to non-learners, successful learners showed increased task-related activity in a fronto-parietal network of brain areas encompassing the left lateral premotor cortex as well as bilateral superior and inferior parietal cortices during both learning and rule application. These areas were previously associated with phonological segmentation, phoneme comparison and verbal working memory. Based on these activity patterns and the phonological strategies for rule acquisition and application, we argue that successful learning and processing of complex phonological rules in our paradigm is mediated via a fronto-parietal network for phonological processes.

Body-centred map in parietal eye fields - functional MRI study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brotchie, P.; Chen, D.Y.; Bradley, W.G.

2002-01-01

Full text: In order for us to interact with our environment we need to know where objects are around us, relative to our body. In monkeys, a body-centred map of visual space is known to exist within the parietal eye fields. This map is formed by the modulation of neuronal activity by eye and head position (Brotchie et al, Nature 1995; Synder et al, Nature 1998). In humans no map of body centred space has been demonstrated. By using functional MRI we have localised a region along the intraparietal sulcus which has properties similar to the parietal eye fields of monkeys (Brotchie et al, ISMRM, 2000). The aim of this study was to determine if activity in this region is modulated by head position, consistent with a body centered representation of visual space. Functional MRI was performed on 6 subjects performing simple visually guided saccades using a 1.5 Tesla GE Echospeed scanner. 10 scans were performed on the 6 subjects at left and right body orientations. Regions of interest were selected around the intraparietal sulcus proper (IPSP) of both hemispheres and voxels with BOLD signal which correlated with the paradigm (r>0.35) were selected for further analysis. Comparisons of percentage signal change were made between the left and right IPSP using Student t test. Of the 10 MRI examinations, 6 demonstrated statistically significant differences in the amount of signal change between left and right IPSP. In each of these 6 cases, the signal change was greater within the IPSP contralateral to the direction of head position relative to the body. This indicates a modulation of activity within the IPSP related to head position, most likely reflecting modulation of the underlying neuronal activity and suggests the existence of a body-centred encoding of space within the parietal eye fields of humans. Copyright (2002) Blackwell Science Pty Ltd

Qualidade da dieta de gestantes em uma unidade básica de saúde em Belém do Pará: um estudo piloto = Diet quality of pregnant women in a basic health unit in Belém, Pará: a pilot study

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Gomes, Késia Carolinne Ferreira

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da dieta de gestantes cadastradas em uma unidade básica de saúde em Belém do Pará. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo piloto de delineamento transversal, realizado com gestantes em uma unidade básica de saúde em Belém do Pará no ano de 2011. Foram aplicados questionário estruturado e inquérito alimentar recordatório de 24 horas em duplicata. O peso e a altura foram aferidos durante a entrevista para análise do Índice de Massa corporal (IMC. Para a avaliação da qualidade da dieta, foram analisados 10 de seus componentes de acordo com o índice da alimentação saudável (IAS. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 25 gestantes, com média de idade de 24,2±7,2 anos, peso 58,6±6,9 kg e IMC 25,7±3,9. Notou-se que 32% (8 apresentam excesso de peso. Pelo IAS, observou-se que 100% (25 das gestantes avaliadas não possuem uma dieta adequada, sendo que 60% (15 possuem uma dieta que necessita de modificações e 40% (10 apresentam uma dieta inadequada. Conclusão: A qualidade da alimentação de gestantes cadastradas em uma unidade básica de saúde em Belém do Pará se mostrou aquém das recomendações preconizadas, demostrando que 100% das gestantes possuem uma dieta inadequada

Temporo-Parietal and Fronto-Parietal Lobe Contributions to Theory of Mind and Executive Control: An fMRI Study of Verbal Jokes

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Yu-Chen eChan

2015-09-01

Full Text Available ‘Getting a joke’ always requires resolving an apparent incongruity but the particular cognitive operations called upon vary depending on the nature of the joke itself. Previous research has identified the primary neural correlates of the cognitive and affective processes called upon to respond to humor generally, but little work has been done on the substrates underlying the distinct cognitive operations required to comprehend particular joke types. This study explored the neural correlates of the cognitive processes required to successfully comprehend three joke types: bridging-inference jokes, exaggeration jokes and ambiguity jokes. For all joke types, the left dlPFC appeared to support common cognitive mechanisms, such as script-shifting, while the vACC was associated with affective appreciation. The temporo-parietal lobe (TPJ and MTG was associated with bridging-inference jokes, suggesting involvement of these regions with ‘theory of mind’ processing. The ventral fronto-parietal lobe (IPL and IFG was associated with both exaggeration and ambiguity jokes, suggesting that it supports executive control processes such as retrieval from episodic memory, self-awareness, and language-based decoding. The social-affective appreciation of verbal jokes was associated with activity in the orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC, and parahippocampal gyrus. These results allow a more precise account of the neural

Parietal intradiploic encephalocele: Report of a case and review of the literature.

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Arevalo-Perez, Julio; Millán-Juncos, José M

2015-06-01

Encephaloceles consist of brain tissue and meninges that has herniated through a skull defect, usually located in the midline. They are seen more commonly in children and very rarely in adults. We present a case of an 84-year-old patient who was incidentally diagnosed with a lytic bone lesion in the right parietal intradiploic space, after computed tomography of the head was performed. A magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain showed herniation of brain tissue through the defect. Magnetic resonance imaging was crucial in demonstrating the presence of parenchyma and its continuity with the rest of the brain, consequently distinguishing it from other entities. We report the imaging findings of a parietal indradiploic encephalocele with its differential diagnosis and a review of the relevant literature. © The Author(s) 2015.

La pelade par plaques

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Spano, Frank; Donovan, Jeff C.

2015-01-01

Résumé Objectif Présenter aux médecins de famille des renseignements de base pour faire comprendre l’épidémiologie, la pathogenèse, l’histologie et l’approche clinique au diagnostic de la pelade par plaques. Sources des données Une recension a été effectuée dans PubMed pour trouver des articles pertinents concernant la pathogenèse, le diagnostic et le pronostic de la pelade par plaques. Message principal La pelade par plaques est une forme de perte pileuse auto-immune dont la prévalence durant une vie est d’environ 2 %. Des antécédents personnels ou familiaux de troubles auto-immuns concomitants, comme le vitiligo ou une maladie de la thyroïde, peuvent être observés dans un petit sous-groupe de patients. Le diagnostic peut souvent être posé de manière clinique en se fondant sur la perte de cheveux non cicatricielle et circulaire caractéristique, accompagnée de cheveux en « point d’exclamation » en périphérie chez ceux dont le problème en est aux premiers stades. Le diagnostic des cas plus complexes ou des présentations inhabituelles peut être facilité par une biopsie et un examen histologique. Le pronostic varie largement et de mauvais résultats sont associés à une apparition à un âge précoce, une perte importante, la variante ophiasis, des changements aux ongles, des antécédents familiaux ou des troubles auto-immuns concomitants. Conclusion La pelade par plaques est une forme auto-immune de perte de cheveux périodiquement observée en soins primaires. Les médecins de famille sont bien placés pour identifier la pelade par plaques, déterminer la gravité de la maladie et poser le diagnostic différentiel approprié. De plus, ils sont en mesure de renseigner leurs patients à propos de l’évolution clinique de la maladie ainsi que du pronostic général selon le sous-type de patients.

Sistema de apoyo para la toma de decisiones para la gestión de inventarios

OpenAIRE

Uribe Cadavid, Diana Cecilia

2012-01-01

Los planeadores de los recursos de la empresa (ERP) son sistemas computacionales que ayudan a las compañías a integrar la información del negocio. Para realizar la gestión de inventarios, estos paquetes tienen algunos modelos de control y gestión de inventarios, que requieren la definición de parámetros, los cuales son establecidos de manera arbitraria por el administrador del inventario, ignorando el impacto que tienen éstos sobre los niveles de inventario y de servicio, así como en los cost...

El contexto del arte parietal. La tecnología de los artistas en la Cueva de Tito Bustillo (Asturias

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Moure Romanillo, Alfonso

1988-12-01

Full Text Available This study overlaps in part with a communication presented to the «Colloque International d'Art Parietal Paléolithique» held at Perigueux-Le Thot in december 1984. The technological responses contained in a decorated zone of the cave of Tito Bustillo are analyzed, as well as the activities carried out on living floors related to the preparation and completion of the parietal art.

El trabajo coincide parcialmente con la comunicación presentada al «Colloque International d'Art Parietal Paléolithique» celebrado en Perigueux-Le Thot, en diciembre de 1984. Se analizan las respuestas tecnológicas contenidas en un área de decoración de la cueva de Tito Bustillo (Asturias, así como las actividades en áreas de estancia relacionadas con la preparación y ejecución del arte parietal.

Análise de sensibilidade dos parâmetros do modelo SWAT e simulação dos processos hidrossedimentológicos em uma bacia no agreste nordestino

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Ricardo de Aragão

2013-08-01

Full Text Available O processo erosivo constitui-se na principal causa de degradação dos solos e é acelerado por intervenções humanas nas bacias hidrográficas, resultando em prejuízos ao setor agrícola e ao meio ambiente. Para a previsão dos impactos de ações antrópicas ou de mudanças climáticas sobre os processos hidrossedimentológicos, os modelos distribuídos e de base física têm sido bastante eficazes. Neste estudo, aplicou-se o modelo SWAT à sub-bacia do Rio Japaratuba Mirim, em Sergipe, nas seções de medição das estações Fazenda Pão de Açúcar (PA e Fazenda Cajueiro (CJ, com áreas de contribuição respectivamente de 137,3 e 277,8 km², visando à parametrização das duas bacias aninhadas por meio dos processos de calibração e de validação. Foram realizadas simulações do escoamento na bacia menor (PA, a partir dos parâmetros calibrados na bacia maior (CJ, e, reciprocamente, do escoamento na bacia maior (CJ. Em seguida, foram também realizadas simulações do escoamento e da produção de sedimentos para o período de dados de vazão disponíveis (1985 a 2000, para a seção CJ. Os resultados evidenciaram que o modelo calibrado simulou bem o escoamento superficial e conseguiu prever, de forma coerente, a produção de sedimentos com base nos 12 parâmetros mais sensíveis do modelo. A transposição dos parâmetros da bacia maior para a menor e, vice-versa, resultou em índices de Eficiência de Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE e de Tendência Percentual (PBIAS, considerados satisfatórios para o primeiro caso e insatisfatório para o segundo.

Keratometric alterations following the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy versus the conventional pars plana vitrectomy.

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Citirik, Mehmet; Batman, Cosar; Bicer, Tolga; Zilelioglu, Orhan

2009-09-01

To assess the alterations in keratometric astigmatism following the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy versus the conventional pars plana vitrectomy. Sixteen consecutive patients were enrolled into the study. Conventional vitrectomy was applied to eight of the cases and 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy was performed in eight patients. Keratometry was performed before and after the surgery. In the 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy group, statistically significant changes were not observed in the corneal curvature in any post-operative follow-up measurement (p > 0.05); whereas in the conventional pars plana vitrectomy group, statistically significant changes were observed in the first postoperative day (p = 0.01) and first postoperative month (p = 0.03). We noted that these changes returned to baseline in three months (p = 0.26). Both 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless and conventional pars plana vitrectomy are effective surgical modalities for selected diseases of the posterior segment. Surgical procedures are critical for the visual rehabilitation of the patients. The post-operative corneal astigmatism of the vitrectomised eyes can be accurately determined at least two months post-operatively.

Pré-melhoramento do camucamuzeiro: estudo de parâmetros genéticos e dissimilaridade

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Walnice Maria Oliveira do Nascimento

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O camucamuzeiro pertence à família Myrtaceae e é espécie em processo de domesticação, encontrada na forma extrativa, a partir de plantas crescendo naturalmente nas margens dos rios e lagos, ou cultivadas em pequenas áreas de terra firme. As estimativas e a compreensão dos parâmetros genéticos desta espécie são importantes para o conhecimento da estrutura genética das populações e para a inferência da diversidade genética presente, além de proporcionar subsídios para predizer os ganhos genéticos e o possível sucesso no programa de melhoramento dessa cultura. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar parâmetros genéticos e a dissimilaridade genética, em acessos existentes no Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de camucamuzeiro, da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Para o estudo, foram analisados 46 progênies, colhidos 40 frutos por planta matriz em completo estádio de maturação (frutos com epicarpo totalmente roxo, sendo avaliados sete caracteres morfoagronômicos: peso de fruto (g, PFR, comprimento de fruto (cm, CFR, diâmetro de fruto (cm, DFR, peso da casca (g, PCS, espessura da casca (cm, ECS, número de sementes (n, NSE, peso de sementes (g, PSE. Por meio do Programa Genes, estimaram-se os componentes de variância, herdabilidade e a variabilidade. A importância relativa de caracteres e dissimilaridades entre as progênies, bem como as correlações genéticas entres os caracteres avaliados também foram estudadas. Verificou-se que há dissimilaridade entre os acessos do BAG de camucamuzeiro e que, por causa das correlações significativas entre as variáveis, podem-se adotar métodos de seleção indireta como ferramenta auxiliar no processo de domesticação e melhoramento desta espécie.

Haptically Guided Grasping. fMRI Shows Right-Hemisphere Parietal Stimulus Encoding, and Bilateral Dorso-Ventral Parietal Gradients of Object- and Action-Related Processing during Grasp Execution.

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Marangon, Mattia; Kubiak, Agnieszka; Króliczak, Gregory

2015-01-01

The neural bases of haptically-guided grasp planning and execution are largely unknown, especially for stimuli having no visual representations. Therefore, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor brain activity during haptic exploration of novel 3D complex objects, subsequent grasp planning, and the execution of the pre-planned grasps. Haptic object exploration, involving extraction of shape, orientation, and length of the to-be-grasped targets, was associated with the fronto-parietal, temporo-occipital, and insular cortex activity. Yet, only the anterior divisions of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) of the right hemisphere were significantly more engaged in exploration of complex objects (vs. simple control disks). None of these regions were re-recruited during the planning phase. Even more surprisingly, the left-hemisphere intraparietal, temporal, and occipital areas that were significantly invoked for grasp planning did not show sensitivity to object features. Finally, grasp execution, involving the re-recruitment of the critical right-hemisphere PPC clusters, was also significantly associated with two kinds of bilateral parieto-frontal processes. The first represents transformations of grasp-relevant target features and is linked to the dorso-dorsal (lateral and medial) parieto-frontal networks. The second monitors grasp kinematics and belongs to the ventro-dorsal networks. Indeed, signal modulations associated with these distinct functions follow dorso-ventral gradients, with left aIPS showing significant sensitivity to both target features and the characteristics of the required grasp. Thus, our results from the haptic domain are consistent with the notion that the parietal processing for action guidance reflects primarily transformations from object-related to effector-related coding, and these mechanisms are rather independent of sensory input modality.

Impacto do diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral para a família

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Meryeli Santos de Araújo Dantas

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Investigación cualitativa, exploratorio-descriptiva, con el objetivo de comprender la percepción de la familia acerca del impacto del diagnóstico de parálisis cerebral de un hijo e identificar estrategias para hacer frete a la situación. Los datos fueron recolectados en una Clínica Escuela de Fisioterapia de una Universidad en João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, con siete familias de niños con parálisis cerebral, de marzo a abril de 2009, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. El análisis siguió los principios de la interpretación temática. Los resultados mostraron que el impacto de ese diagnóstico es un momento difícil y genera sentimientos de culpa en los padres. La familia siente miedo ante el desarrollo motor del hijo y se verifican cambios en la vida cotidiana. La fe y el amor al hijo ejercen influencia sobre la forma como tratan de adaptarse a la nueva situación. La familia necesita de una red de apoyo y de atención especial de los profesionales del área de la salud, que deben ser sensibles para promover espacios de escucha atenta, minimizando el impacto del diagnóstico y contribuyendo para hacer frete a la situación.

The impact of top-down spatial attention on laterality and hemispheric asymmetry in the human parietal cortex.

Science.gov (United States)

Jeong, Su Keun; Xu, Yaoda

2016-08-01

The human parietal cortex exhibits a preference to contralaterally presented visual stimuli (i.e., laterality) as well as an asymmetry between the two hemispheres with the left parietal cortex showing greater laterality than the right. Using visual short-term memory and perceptual tasks and varying target location predictability, this study examined whether hemispheric laterality and asymmetry are fixed characteristics of the human parietal cortex or whether they are dynamic and modulated by the deployment of top-down attention to the target present hemifield. Two parietal regions were examined here that have previously been shown to be involved in visual object individuation and identification and are located in the inferior and superior intraparietal sulcus (IPS), respectively. Across three experiments, significant laterality was found in both parietal regions regardless of attentional modulation with laterality being greater in the inferior than superior IPS, consistent with their roles in object individuation and identification, respectively. Although the deployment of top-down attention had no effect on the superior IPS, it significantly increased laterality in the inferior IPS. The deployment of top-down spatial attention can thus amplify the strength of laterality in the inferior IPS. Hemispheric asymmetry, on the other hand, was absent in both brain regions and only emerged in the inferior but not the superior IPS with the deployment of top-down attention. Interestingly, the strength of hemispheric asymmetry significantly correlated with the strength of laterality in the inferior IPS. Hemispheric asymmetry thus seems to only emerge when there is a sufficient amount of laterality present in a brain region.

Seleção de ideótipos de espécies florestais de múltiplo uso em planícies fluviais do Baixo Amazonas, Pará

OpenAIRE

Martínez,Gladys Beatriz; Mourão Junior,Moisés; Brienza Junior,Silvio

2010-01-01

A pesquisa objetivou selecionar ideótipos arbóreos de múltiplo uso, baseado em informações etnobotânicas de comunidades ribeirinhas de planícies fluviais do Baixo Amazonas, Pará, para uso em sistemas silvipastoris. Como essas áreas foram antropizadas pela agricultura seguida da pecuária, esses sistemas são considerados alternativas viáveis para sua recuperação. Por meio de pesquisa participativa junto aos ribeirinhos, foi utilizado um questionário semi-estruturado para determinar as espécies ...

CFD analysis of PAR performance as function of inlet design

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Kweonha; Khor, Chong Lee

2016-01-01

Highlights: • The new concept of PAR (passive autocatalytic recombiner) was proposed and analyzed. • Guidance wall was added at the bottom of PAR to enhance the flow rate through the catalyst. • The new concept of PAR was proved to have a better hydrogen removal performance. - Abstract: Passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) is very useful hydrogen mitigation measurement. It is widely implemented in the current and advanced light water reactors (ALWRs). The design of the PARs should be optimized for the specific use under severe accident scenarios. Several techniques and innovations have been fused into the PAR, as an effort to increase its efficiency of hydrogen mitigation. This study proposes different concepts of PAR, which applied some changes to the honeycomb catalyst PAR made by the Korea Nuclear Technology (KNT) Inc. Two slices of plate are added to the bottom of PAR model, which intended to act as a reflection wall and promote the gas flow into PAR. Hydrogen volume fraction was given 4 vol. % which tested by KNT to investigate the performance of PAR in different direction gas flow conditions to see maximum hydrogen recombination rate. The new concept of PAR was proved to have a better hydrogen removal performance compared to the original honeycomb catalyst PAR.

CFD analysis of PAR performance as function of inlet design

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Kweonha, E-mail: khpark@kmou.ac.kr [Division of Mechanical and Energy systems Engineering, Korea Maritime University, Dongsam-dong, Yeongdo-gu, Busan 606-791 (Korea, Republic of); Khor, Chong Lee, E-mail: itachi_829@hotmail.com [Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime University (Korea, Republic of)

2016-01-15

Highlights: • The new concept of PAR (passive autocatalytic recombiner) was proposed and analyzed. • Guidance wall was added at the bottom of PAR to enhance the flow rate through the catalyst. • The new concept of PAR was proved to have a better hydrogen removal performance. - Abstract: Passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) is very useful hydrogen mitigation measurement. It is widely implemented in the current and advanced light water reactors (ALWRs). The design of the PARs should be optimized for the specific use under severe accident scenarios. Several techniques and innovations have been fused into the PAR, as an effort to increase its efficiency of hydrogen mitigation. This study proposes different concepts of PAR, which applied some changes to the honeycomb catalyst PAR made by the Korea Nuclear Technology (KNT) Inc. Two slices of plate are added to the bottom of PAR model, which intended to act as a reflection wall and promote the gas flow into PAR. Hydrogen volume fraction was given 4 vol. % which tested by KNT to investigate the performance of PAR in different direction gas flow conditions to see maximum hydrogen recombination rate. The new concept of PAR was proved to have a better hydrogen removal performance compared to the original honeycomb catalyst PAR.

Mercadeo en educación: elementos para una propuesta pertinente

OpenAIRE

Contreras Gómez, María Consuelo del Pilar

2013-01-01

En la presente investigación se realizó una revisión y análisis crítico de los modelos actuales sobre mercadeo educativo y se plantea una propuesta sobre elementos diferentes que deben tenerse en cuenta para un proceso de mercadeo pertinente para el sector de la educación; dichos parámetros involucran la calidad educativa, la inclusión estudiantil, la aplicación de la ética y la dimensión humana de los estudiantes, como personas en quienes está focalizada la razón de ser de las instituciones ...

Adaptación de parámetros de handover para reducir transferencias de conexión erróneas en redes inalámbricas heterogéneas de nueva generación

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Enrique René Bastidas Puga

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Un objetivo de los sistemas de comunicación móvil de Quinta Generación (5G, es atender el creciente volumen de usuarios y el tráfico de datos. El despliegue de redes heterogéneas (HetNet es una opción que incrementa la capacidad de estos sistemas, pero también la cantidad de procesos de transferencia de servicio ( handover y, con ello, el número de fallas de handover y de handovers ping-pong . Para reducir estas fallas, que deterioran la calidad de servicio de la HetNet, en este trabajo se propone adaptar los parámetros que disparan un handover , tiempo-para-disparo ( TTT y margen-de- handover ( HOM , en función de la relación señal-ruido-interferencia ( SINR . Evaluaciones numéricas muestran que las tasas de fallas de handover y de handovers ping-pong se reducen simultáneamente al adaptar el TTT y HOM con un conocimiento perfecto de valores futuros de SINR , contrario al caso cuando se mantienen constantes, en el que se presenta un compro - miso entre ambas fallas.

Medición de Parámetros Eléctricos y Análisis Económico Enfocado al Entorno Nacional-Edición Única

OpenAIRE

Carlos Valdes Parada

2003-01-01

Los sistemas de medición de parámetros eléctricos son muy utilizados actualmente en la industria y se encuentran disponibles en varias presentaciones dependiendo fundamentalmente de sus características de análisis y despliegue de los mismos. El siguiente trabajo de tesis se centra en el acondicionamiento de señales digitalizadas correspondientes a parámetros eléctricos de voltaje y corriente reales. Se diseñó un módulo con la electrónica necesaria para acondicionar dichas señales. Las partes ...

Par Pond Fish, Water, and Sediment Chemistry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paller, M.H.; Wike, L.D.

1996-06-01

The objectives of this report are to describe the Par Pond fish community and the impact of the drawdown and refill on the community, describe contaminant levels in Par Pond fish, sediments, and water and indicate how contaminant concentrations and distributions were affected by the drawdown and refill, and predict possible effects of future water level fluctuations in Par Pond

Par Pond Fish, Water, and Sediment Chemistry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paller, M.H. [Westinghouse Savannah River Company, AIKEN, SC (United States); Wike, L.D.

1996-06-01

The objectives of this report are to describe the Par Pond fish community and the impact of the drawdown and refill on the community, describe contaminant levels in Par Pond fish, sediments, and water and indicate how contaminant concentrations and distributions were affected by the drawdown and refill, and predict possible effects of future water level fluctuations in Par Pond.

Estimación de parámetros de regresión no lineal mediante colonia de abejas artificiales

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Sergio Gerardo de los Cobos Silva

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la técnica heurística de ABC (Artificial Bee Colony utilizada para estimar los parámetros de modelos de regresión no lineal. El algoritmo fue probado sobre 27 bases de datos de la colección NIST (2001, de las cuales 8 se consideran con un alto grado de dificultad. Se presentan los resultados experimentales.

The organization of the posterior parietal cortex devoted to upper limb actions: An fMRI study

Science.gov (United States)

Ferri, Stefania; Rizzolatti, Giacomo

2015-01-01

Abstract The present fMRI study examined whether upper‐limb action classes differing in their motor goal are encoded by different PPC sectors. Action observation was used as a proxy for action execution. Subjects viewed actors performing object‐related (e.g., grasping), skin‐displacing (e.g., rubbing the skin), and interpersonal upper limb actions (e.g., pushing someone). Observation of the three action classes activated a three‐level network including occipito‐temporal, parietal, and premotor cortex. The parietal region common to observing all three action classes was located dorsally to the left intraparietal sulcus (DIPSM/DIPSA border). Regions specific for observing an action class were obtained by combining the interaction between observing action classes and stimulus types with exclusive masking for observing the other classes, while for regions considered preferentially active for a class the interaction was exclusively masked with the regions common to all observed actions. Left putative human anterior intraparietal was specific for observing manipulative actions, and left parietal operculum including putative human SII region, specific for observing skin‐displacing actions. Control experiments demonstrated that this latter activation depended on seeing the skin being moved and not simply on seeing touch. Psychophysiological interactions showed that the two specific parietal regions had similar connectivities. Finally, observing interpersonal actions preferentially activated a dorsal sector of left DIPSA, possibly the homologue of ventral intraparietal coding the impingement of the target person's body into the peripersonal space of the actor. These results support the importance of segregation according to the action class as principle of posterior parietal cortex organization for action observation and by implication for action execution. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3845–3866, 2015. © 2015 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley

Carga limite para juntas mecânicas em laminados de fibra de carbono

OpenAIRE

Arthur Chaves de Mas Santacreu

1989-01-01

Neste trabalho são testadas várias juntas parafusadas com laminados de fibra de carbono. São investigadas as influências dos parâmetros geométricos e dos parâmetros de constituição do laminado no comportamento da curva carga versus deformação do furo carregado. Paralelamente é desenvolvido um modelo de elementos finitos linear elástico para calcular a deformação do furo carregado a partir das propriedades mecânicas do material e da geometria da junta. É proposto um critério de previsão de car...

Para uma (re)leitura das Anotações sobre as cores de Wittgenstein

OpenAIRE

Salles, João Carlos

2017-01-01

As Anotações sobre as cores não têm tido o destaque merecido, pois parecem um conjunto parcialmente amorfo e desconexo, com precária estrutura de conjunto. Isso se deve, em grande medida, ao estado da edição dos textos realizada por G. E. M. Anscombe, que despreza variantes, faz sugestões equivocadas para a datação dos manuscritos, suprime parágrafos (inclusive uma quarta parte), além de ter desfigurado a Parte II, ordenando equivocadamente esses parágrafos. Uma edição bem cuidadaé necessária...

Sustained attention is associated with right superior longitudinal fasciculus and superior parietal white matter microstructure in children

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Klarborg, Brith; Skak Madsen, Kathrine; Vestergaard, Martin

2013-01-01

Sustained attention develops during childhood and has been linked to the right fronto-parietal cortices in functional imaging studies; however, less is known about its relation to white matter (WM) characteristics. Here we investigated whether the microstructure of the WM underlying and connecting...... the right fronto-parietal cortices was associated with sustained attention performance in a group of 76 typically developing children aged 7-13 years. Sustained attention was assessed using a rapid visual information processing paradigm. The two behavioral measures of interest were the sensitivity index d......' and the coefficient of variation in reaction times (RT(CV) ). Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) was extracted from the WM underlying right dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and parietal cortex (PC), and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), as well as equivalent...

Concerning the dynamic instability of actin homolog ParM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Popp, David; Yamamoto, Akihiro; Iwasa, Mitsusada; Narita, Akihiro; Maeda, Kayo; Maeda, Yuichiro

2007-01-01

Using in vitro TIRF- and electron-microscopy, we reinvestigated the dynamics of native ParM, a prokaryotic DNA segregation protein and actin homolog. In contrast to a previous study, which used a cysteine ParM mutant, we find that the polymerization process of wild type ATP-ParM filaments consists of a polymerization phase and a subsequent steady state phase, which is dynamically unstable, like that of microtubules. We find that the apparent bidirectional polymerization of ParM, is not due to the intrinsic nature of this filament, but results from ParM forming randomly oriented bundles in the presence of crowding agents. Our results imply, that in the bacterium, ParM filaments spontaneously form bipolar bundles. Due to their intrinsic dynamic instability, ParM bundles can efficiently 'search' the cytoplasmic lumen for DNA, bind it equally well at the bipolar ends and segregate it approximately symmetrically, by the insertion of ParM subunits at either end

First-in-human uPAR PET

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Persson, Morten; Skovgaard, Dorthe; Brandt-Larsen, Malene

2015-01-01

A first-in-human clinical trial with Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) in patients with breast, prostate and bladder cancer, is described. uPAR is expressed in many types of human cancers and the expression is predictive...... for targeted molecular imaging with PET. The safety, pharmacokinetic, biodistribution profile and radiation dosimetry after a single intravenous dose of (64)Cu-DOTA-AE105 were assessed by serial PET and computed tomography (CT) in 4 prostate, 3 breast and 3 bladder cancer patients. Safety assessment...... of invasion, metastasis and indicates poor prognosis. uPAR PET imaging therefore holds promise to be a new and innovative method for improved cancer diagnosis, staging and individual risk stratification. The uPAR specific peptide AE105 was conjugated to the macrocyclic chelator DOTA and labeled with (64)Cu...

uPAR as anti-cancer target

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lund, Ida K; Illemann, Martin; Thurison, Tine

2011-01-01

, and a potential diagnostic and predictive impact of the different uPAR forms has been reported. Hence, pericellular proteolysis seems to be a suitable target for anti-cancer therapy and numerous approaches have been pursued. Targeting of this process may be achieved by preventing the binding of uPA to u...... using mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against mouse uPA or uPAR. These reagents will target uPA and uPAR in both stromal cells and cancer cells, and their therapeutic potential can now be assessed in syngenic mouse cancer models....

REGRESIÓN BAYESIANA LINEAL PARA CALIBRAR LOS PARÁMETROS DE UN MODELO DE HORNO DE ARCO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesser James Marulanda Durango

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este documento presenta la calibración de los parámetros de un modelo de horno de arco eléctrico, que tiene en cuenta la naturaleza no lineal y la impedancia variable que exhibe este tipo de carga. A partir de la ecuación diferencial no lineal que describe la característica estática voltaje-corriente del arco eléctrico, se establece una ecuación equivalente lineal que facilita el ajuste de las constantes del modelo, usando mediciones reales de voltaje y de corriente tomadas en la etapa más crítica de la operación del horno. Se muestra el procedimiento de ajuste de los parámetros del modelo usando regresión Bayesiana Lineal. Se presenta a través de gráficas, la relación entre los parámetros del modelo de la etapa determinista y el comportamiento de la varianza de las funciones de densidad de probabilidad Gaussianas a posterior con el número de datos usados para la calibración del modelo. La validación de los resultados obtenidos se realiza simulando el modelo con los parámetros estimados para luego comparar éstos con mediciones reales. Se ha utilizado un medidor de Flicker que cumple con el estándar CEI IEC 61000-4-15 para determinar la Sensación Instantánea de Flicker (IFL de las fluctuaciones presentes en las formas de onda reales y simuladas de las corrientes del arco eléctrico. Adicionalmente, se presenta en una gráfica el contenido armónico real y simulado de las corrientes de fase generadas en el horno.

Protease-activated receptor (PAR2, but not PAR1, is involved in collateral formation and anti-inflammatory monocyte polarization in a mouse hind limb ischemia model.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lisa G van den Hengel

Full Text Available AIMS: In collateral development (i.e. arteriogenesis, mononuclear cells are important and exist as a heterogeneous population consisting of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory/repair-associated cells. Protease-activated receptor (PAR1 and PAR2 are G-protein-coupled receptors that are both expressed by mononuclear cells and are involved in pro-inflammatory reactions, while PAR2 also plays a role in repair-associated responses. Here, we investigated the physiological role of PAR1 and PAR2 in arteriogenesis in a murine hind limb ischemia model. METHODS AND RESULTS: PAR1-deficient (PAR1-/-, PAR2-deficient (PAR2-/- and wild-type (WT mice underwent femoral artery ligation. Laser Doppler measurements revealed reduced post-ischemic blood flow recovery in PAR2-/- hind limbs when compared to WT, while PAR1-/- mice were not affected. Upon ischemia, reduced numbers of smooth muscle actin (SMA-positive collaterals and CD31-positive capillaries were found in PAR2-/- mice when compared to WT mice, whereas these parameters in PAR1-/- mice did not differ from WT mice. The pool of circulating repair-associated (Ly6C-low monocytes and the number of repair-associated (CD206-positive macrophages surrounding collaterals in the hind limbs were increased in WT and PAR1-/- mice, but unaffected in PAR2-/- mice. The number of repair-associated macrophages in PAR2-/- hind limbs correlated with CD11b- and CD115-expression on the circulating monocytes in these animals, suggesting that monocyte extravasation and M-CSF-dependent differentiation into repair-associated cells are hampered. CONCLUSION: PAR2, but not PAR1, is involved in arteriogenesis and promotes the repair-associated response in ischemic tissues. Therefore, PAR2 potentially forms a new pro-arteriogenic target in coronary artery disease (CAD patients.

Incerteza na medição dos parâmetros geométricos do cordão de solda Measurement uncertainty of geometric parameters in weld beads

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Rosenda Valdés Arencibia

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para estimar a incerteza associada à medição dos parâmetros que definem a geometria do cordão de solda, especificamente da área do cordão, de forma a atender à exigência estabelecida pela norma NBR ISO/IEC 17025. A qualidade geométrica dos corpos de prova utilizados durante as medições foi ainda avaliada através da medição dos desvios geométricos de planeza e de perpendicularidade. As seguintes etapas foram propostas e realizadas: identificação dos parâmetros que definem a geometria do cordão de solda; identificação e estudo das variáveis que afetam a medição destes parâmetros; adoção do modelo matemático para estimativa da incerteza de cada parâmetro; planejamento e execução dos experimentos para o levantamento dos dados, cálculo da incerteza e, finalmente, análise e discussão dos resultados. Através da análise dos resultados foi possível concluir que as incertezas provenientes da calibração do sistema de medição e relativa ao desvio de perpendicularidade contribuíram significativamente para a incerteza final. As análises despertaram uma preocupação com relação aos valores permissíveis para o desvio de perpendicularidade dos corpos de prova utilizados durante as medições.This work presents a methodology to estimate the uncertainty associated to the measurement of the weld bead geometric parameters in order to address the requirements of NBR ISO/IEC 17025 Standard. The specimen geometric quality was additionally evaluated through the measurement of flatness and perpendicularity deviations. The following steps were proposed and executed: identification of weld bead geometric parameters; identification and study of the variables that affect measurement of the identified parameters; adoption of a mathematical model to estimate the uncertainty for each parameter; planning and execution of the experiments for data obtaining; uncertainty determination, analysis

Apoplejía pituitaria con parálisis del III par craneal: Reporte de caso

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Miguel Pinto Valdivia

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Se describe el caso de un varón de 65 años de edad, sin antecedentes patológicos de importancia, que acudió a emergencia del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia por presentar cefalea intensa y ptosis palpebral izquierda. El examen físico mostró parálisis aislada del III par craneal izquierdo. Los análisis de laboratorio mostraron hiponatremia e hipopituitarismo y la resonancia magnética nuclear un adenoma pituitario con áreas de hemorragia e invasión de los senos cavernosos. El tratamiento incluyó glucocorticoides y descompresión quirúrgica transesfenoidal. La anatomía patológica confirmó el diagnóstico de infarto hemorrágico de un adenoma pituitario. El paciente fue dado de alta con terapia sustitutiva de levotiroxina y prednisona. La ptosis palpebral izquierda se recuperó en forma parcial. La apoplejía pituitaria es un síndrome clínico producido por un proceso expansivo dentro de la silla turca, secundario a hemorragia o infarto de un adenoma pituitario, que se caracteriza por cefalea, déficit visual, oftalmoplejía y alteración del nivel de conciencia. Este proceso expansivo puede comprimir los pares craneales en los senos cavernosos, produciendo diferentes grados de parálisis de los músculos oculomotores. La parálisis aislada del III par craneal es rara.(Rev Med Hered 2011;22:186-189.

Copenhagen uPAR prostate cancer (CuPCa) database

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lippert, Solvej; Berg, Kasper D; Høyer-Hansen, Gunilla

2016-01-01

AIM: Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) plays a central role during cancer invasion by facilitating pericellular proteolysis. We initiated the prospective 'Copenhagen uPAR Prostate Cancer' study to investigate the significance of uPAR levels in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. METHODS...

Recombination in the human Pseudoautosomal region PAR1.

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Anjali G Hinch

2014-07-01

Full Text Available The pseudoautosomal region (PAR is a short region of homology between the mammalian X and Y chromosomes, which has undergone rapid evolution. A crossover in the PAR is essential for the proper disjunction of X and Y chromosomes in male meiosis, and PAR deletion results in male sterility. This leads the human PAR with the obligatory crossover, PAR1, to having an exceptionally high male crossover rate, which is 17-fold higher than the genome-wide average. However, the mechanism by which this obligatory crossover occurs remains unknown, as does the fine-scale positioning of crossovers across this region. Recent research in mice has suggested that crossovers in PAR may be mediated independently of the protein PRDM9, which localises virtually all crossovers in the autosomes. To investigate recombination in this region, we construct the most fine-scale genetic map containing directly observed crossovers to date using African-American pedigrees. We leverage recombination rates inferred from the breakdown of linkage disequilibrium in human populations and investigate the signatures of DNA evolution due to recombination. Further, we identify direct PRDM9 binding sites using ChIP-seq in human cells. Using these independent lines of evidence, we show that, in contrast with mouse, PRDM9 does localise peaks of recombination in the human PAR1. We find that recombination is a far more rapid and intense driver of sequence evolution in PAR1 than it is on the autosomes. We also show that PAR1 hotspot activities differ significantly among human populations. Finally, we find evidence that PAR1 hotspot positions have changed between human and chimpanzee, with no evidence of sharing among the hottest hotspots. We anticipate that the genetic maps built and validated in this work will aid research on this vital and fascinating region of the genome.

Predicting the distribution of a parasite using the ecological niche model, GARP Predicción de la distribución de un parásito usando el modelo de nicho ecológico, GARP

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Terry R. Haverkost

2010-12-01

Full Text Available The ecological niche of a parasite exists only at the nexus of certain abiotic and biotic conditions suitable for both the definitive and intermediate hosts. However, the life cycles of most parasites are not known, or are poorly known, and using known ranges of hosts to find endemic parasitic infections has been difficult. However, with ecological niche modeling, we can create potential range maps using known localities of infection. Testing the validity of such maps requires knowledge of the localities of other parasites with common history. Here, we find that the ecological niche of a tapeworm parasite of voles, Paranoplocephala macrocephala (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae, allows prediction of the presence (in ecological and geographic space of 19 related parasite species from 3 genera in 23 different hosts throughout the Nearctic. These results give credence to the idea that this group shares similar life cycle requirements despite phylogenetic distance. This work further validates ecological niche modeling as a means by which to predict occurrence of parasites when not all facets of the life cycle are confirmed. Such inductive methods create the opportunity for deducing potential reservoir or intermediate hosts, and complementing studies of parasite biodiversity and community ecology.El nicho ecológico de un parásito existe sólo cuando coinciden condiciones abióticas y bióticas necesarias para los hospederos definitivos e intermediarios. No obstante, los ciclos de vida de la mayoría de los parásitos son poco conocidos; el usar áreas de distribución de hospederos para encontrar áreas endémicas de parasitismo ha resultado difícil. Con el modelado de nicho, se pueden producir mapas del área de distribución potencial con base en sitios conocidos de presencia. Para probar la validez de estos mapas, se requiere el conocimiento de sitios de presencia de otros parásitos relacionados. En este estudio, encontramos que el nicho ecol

Desarrollo preliminar de una metodología de suministro de CO2 a cultivos de Botryococcus Braunii para la producción de biocombustibles

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Nestor Andres Jaimes Villarreal

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Diversos estudios sobre el cultivo de microalgas a escala laboratorio y piloto han registrado el potencial de estos microorganismos para la producción de materia prima en la elaboración de biocombustibles. El suministro de una fuente de carbono para el cultivo masivo de microalgas representa una de las principales limitantes en el proceso productivo; estas fi jan fotosintéticamente carbono inorgánico (CO2 y sintetizan metabolitos para la producción de biocombustibles. En el presente estudio se evaluó la infl uencia de diversos parámetros de suministro de CO2 sobre cultivos de la especie Botryococcus braunii en fotobiorreactores a escala laboratorio. Se plantearon diseños experimentales centrales compuestos para correlacionar los parámetros a evaluar y determinar su efecto en la dilución de CO2 y producción de metabolitos (biomasa, lípidos e hidrocarburos. Respecto a los parámetros de diseño del fotobiorreactor, alturas > 36cm, diámetros 0,06v/vm suministrado de manera continua son ideales para el crecimiento celular. Por otra parte, concentraciones medias (0,04 – 0,06v/vm de CO2 son ideales para la producción de lípidos y concentraciones bajas de CO2 (≤ 0,02v/vm favorecen la producción de hidrocarburos. Se validó el potencial de la cepa de B. braunii colombiana para la producción de biodiésel gracias a sus altas tasas de síntesis de lípidos.

Aplicación de Antagonistas Microbianos para el Control Biológico de Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par en Theobroma cacao L. Bajo Condiciones de Campo / Application of Microbial Antagonists for the Biological Control of Moniliophthora roreri Cif & Par in

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Jorge Enrique Villamil Carvajal

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen. En Colombia, las pérdidas ocasionadas porMoniliophthora roreri Cif & Par en el cultivo de cacao continúansiendo considerables. El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigarla actividad antagónica de dos aislamientos autóctonos deTrichoderma sp. y uno de Bacillus sp. ante M. roreri, en condicionesde campo. Los tratamientos fueron: T1, hongo H5; T2, hongo H20;T3, bacteria B3 y T4, testigo. Se evaluó incidencia y severidadexterna e interna en los frutos. Los resultados de severidad externae interna mostraron que respecto al control la disminucióndel daño en los frutos fue del 19,5 y 11,2% en el T1, del 28 y19,5% en el T2 y del 13,5 y 8,5% en el T3, respectivamente condiferencias estadísticas a favor del T2. Se concluye que entre lostres antagonistas evaluados, el hongo H20 (Trichoderma sp. tieneel mayor potencial para el control de la moniliasis del cacao encondiciones de campo. / Abstract. In Colombia, the economic losses caused byMoniliophthora roreri Cif & Par in the cocoa cultivation continuebeing considerable. The objective of this study was to investigatethe antagonistic activity of two indigenous isolates of Trichodermasp and one of Bacillus sp. over M. roreri under field conditions. Thetreatments were: T1, fungus H5; T2, fungus H20; T3, bacteria B3; T4,control. The variables evaluated on the cocoa fruits were incidenceand external and internal severity. The results of the externaland internal severity showed that with respect to the control thedamage reduction on the cocoa fruits was 19,5 and 11,2% in T1,28 and 19,5% in T2, and 13,5 and 8,5% in T3, respectively withstatistical differences in favor of T2. It is concluded that amongthe three evaluated antagonists, the fungus H20 (Trichoderma sp.has the greatest potential for the biocontrol of frosty pod rot in thecocoa cultivation under field conditions.

Parâmetros morfométricos e biológicos de populações monoclonais e multiclonais do pulgão-gigante-do-pinus

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Susete do Rocio Chiarello Penteado

2017-01-01

Full Text Available O pulgão-gigante-do-pinus, Cinara atlantica, originário da América do Norte, foi introduzido no Brasil na década de 1990 e encontra-se amplamente distribuído nos plantios comerciais de pínus. Este estudo teve como objetivo correlacionar os parâmetros morfométricos de insetos oriundos de colônias mono e multiclonais de C. atlantica com seu desempenho reprodutivo em mudas de viveiros comerciais e em progênies de Pinus taeda. Foi registrado o número de ninfas produzidas fêmea dia-1. Após a morte destas fêmeas, foram realizadas medições dos caracteres morfológicos, utilizando o programa, Axion Vision 4,5. O comprimento da tíbia, fêmur posterior e antena foram os parâmetros morfométricos que apresentaram maior correlação com o comprimento do corpo dos insetos, representando 98% da variação total. Com os valores destas variáveis foi criada uma nova variável, denominada “tamanho do inseto”, que foi utilizada para comparação dos tratamentos. Os insetos de colônias multiclonais apresentaram os maiores valores para a maioria dos parâmetros morfométricos e maior produção de descendentes. Insetos maiores e maior produção de ninfas foram observados em mudas originárias dos viveiros comerciais, sugerindo que as progênies estudadas podem apresentar algum fator de resistência que as torna candidatas para uso em programas de manejo integrado desta praga.

Plasma suPAR is lowered by smoking cessation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eugen-Olsen, Jesper; Ladelund, Steen; Sørensen, Lars Tue

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a stable inflammatory biomarker. In patients, suPAR is a marker of disease presence, severity and prognosis. In the general population, suPAR is predictive of disease development, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease a...

Uso de traçadores fluorescentes para determinar características de transporte e dispersão no Rio Piabanha (RJ para a modelagem quali-quantitativa pelo HEC-RAS

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Paulo Vitor Ribeiro Marques da Silva

Full Text Available RESUMO Um estudo de campo foi realizado em um trecho de aproximadamente 70 km do rio Piabanha, localizado entre Petrópolis e Areal, na região serrana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, para estimar as características de transporte e dispersão de contaminantes usando técnicas de traçadores fluorescentes. A análise dos resultados de dois trabalhos de campo, realizados no outono de 2012, permitiu determinar os valores de tempo de trânsito, vazão líquida, velocidade média e coeficiente de dispersão longitudinal. Utilizou-se os dados de vazão e velocidade média obtidos nos ensaios com traçadores para calibrar o modelo hidrodinâmico unidimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS. Considerando que parâmetros hidráulicos obtidos por métodos clássicos em rios com geometria muito irregular, como a do rio Piabanha, não são adequados para representar as características médias de um trecho, os ensaios com traçadores representaram uma boa alternativa para obtenção de parâmetros necessários a modelos hidrodinâmicos. Os resultados obtidos pelo modelo HEC-RAS apresentaram ótima concordância com os dados obtidos por meio dos ensaios com traçadores fluorescentes.

Posterior parietal cortex and episodic encoding: insights from fMRI subsequent memory effects and dual-attention theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Uncapher, Melina R; Wagner, Anthony D

2009-02-01

The formation of episodic memories--memories for life events--is affected by attention during event processing. A leading neurobiological model of attention posits two separate yet interacting systems that depend on distinct regions in lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC). From this dual-attention perspective, dorsal PPC is thought to support the goal-directed allocation of attention, whereas ventral PPC is thought to support reflexive orienting to information that automatically captures attention. To advance understanding of how parietal mechanisms may impact event encoding, we review functional MRI studies that document the relationship between lateral PPC activation during encoding and subsequent memory performance (e.g., later remembering or forgetting). This review reveals that (a) encoding-related activity is frequently observed in human lateral PPC, (b) increased activation in dorsal PPC is associated with later memory success, and (c) increased activation in ventral PPC predominantly correlates with later memory failure. From a dual-attention perspective, these findings suggest that allocating goal-directed attention during event processing increases the probability that the event will be remembered later, whereas the capture of reflexive attention during event processing may have negative consequences for event encoding. The prevalence of encoding-related activation in parietal cortex suggests that neurobiological models of episodic memory should consider how parietal-mediated attentional mechanisms regulate encoding.

Redes de Sensores Inalámbricos en Entornos Industriales para monitorear Condiciones de Higiene y Seguridad

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez, Eduardo J.; Deco, Claudia; Burzacca, Luciana; Pettinari, Mauro; Costa, Santiago; Bender, Cristina

2016-01-01

Las redes de sensores inalámbricos consisten en una serie de nodos equipados con capacidades de procesamiento, comunicación y sensado. Utilizan protocolos especiales de radio para transmitir datos en un modo multisalto de operación. La medición de parámetros físicos hace que los sensores sean la tecnología más adecuada para el monitoreo y reporte de mediciones cuantificables. En este proyecto se propone utilizar una red de sensores para el monitoreo de las condiciones ambientales de Higiene y...

Estudio de la expresión de calmodulina y detección de posibles cambios en transducción de señales durante los procesos de diferenciación del parásito Giardia intestinalis / Study of calmodulin expression and detection of changes in signal transduction pathways during the differentiation processes of parasite Giardia intestinalis

OpenAIRE

Alvarado Mora, Magda Elvira

2009-01-01

Giardia intestinalis es un parásito que infecta humanos. El proceso de exquistación es fundamental para que Giardia pueda infectar a un nuevo hospedero. Es un proceso biológico muy interesante, en donde la forma dormitante (quiste) detecta que las condiciones ambientales son las adecuadas para la reactivación celular. En este trabajo se estableció un método para la purificación de quistes del parásito, y se realizaron experimentos de exquistación. Se analizaron cambios en el patrón de fosfori...

Frontal and parietal cortical interactions with distributed visual representations during selective attention and action selection.

Science.gov (United States)

Nelissen, Natalie; Stokes, Mark; Nobre, Anna C; Rushworth, Matthew F S

2013-10-16

Using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA), we studied how distributed visual representations in human occipitotemporal cortex are modulated by attention and link their modulation to concurrent activity in frontal and parietal cortex. We detected similar occipitotemporal patterns during a simple visuoperceptual task and an attention-to-working-memory task in which one or two stimuli were cued before being presented among other pictures. Pattern strength varied from highest to lowest when the stimulus was the exclusive focus of attention, a conjoint focus, and when it was potentially distracting. Although qualitatively similar effects were seen inside regions relatively specialized for the stimulus category and outside, the former were quantitatively stronger. By regressing occipitotemporal pattern strength against activity elsewhere in the brain, we identified frontal and parietal areas exerting top-down control over, or reading information out from, distributed patterns in occipitotemporal cortex. Their interactions with patterns inside regions relatively specialized for that stimulus category were higher than those with patterns outside those regions and varied in strength as a function of the attentional condition. One area, the frontal operculum, was distinguished by selectively interacting with occipitotemporal patterns only when they were the focus of attention. There was no evidence that any frontal or parietal area actively inhibited occipitotemporal representations even when they should be ignored and were suppressed. Using MVPA to decode information within these frontal and parietal areas showed that they contained information about attentional context and/or readout information from occipitotemporal cortex to guide behavior but that frontal regions lacked information about category identity.

Frontal and Parietal Cortical Interactions with Distributed Visual Representations during Selective Attention and Action Selection

Science.gov (United States)

Stokes, Mark; Nobre, Anna C.; Rushworth, Matthew F. S.

2013-01-01

Using multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA), we studied how distributed visual representations in human occipitotemporal cortex are modulated by attention and link their modulation to concurrent activity in frontal and parietal cortex. We detected similar occipitotemporal patterns during a simple visuoperceptual task and an attention-to-working-memory task in which one or two stimuli were cued before being presented among other pictures. Pattern strength varied from highest to lowest when the stimulus was the exclusive focus of attention, a conjoint focus, and when it was potentially distracting. Although qualitatively similar effects were seen inside regions relatively specialized for the stimulus category and outside, the former were quantitatively stronger. By regressing occipitotemporal pattern strength against activity elsewhere in the brain, we identified frontal and parietal areas exerting top-down control over, or reading information out from, distributed patterns in occipitotemporal cortex. Their interactions with patterns inside regions relatively specialized for that stimulus category were higher than those with patterns outside those regions and varied in strength as a function of the attentional condition. One area, the frontal operculum, was distinguished by selectively interacting with occipitotemporal patterns only when they were the focus of attention. There was no evidence that any frontal or parietal area actively inhibited occipitotemporal representations even when they should be ignored and were suppressed. Using MVPA to decode information within these frontal and parietal areas showed that they contained information about attentional context and/or readout information from occipitotemporal cortex to guide behavior but that frontal regions lacked information about category identity. PMID:24133250

Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos do surubim do Iguaçu (Steindachneridion melanodermatum criados em tanques-rede

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Micheli Zaminhan

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O surubim do Iguaçu (S. melanodermatum é o maior pimelodídeo do Rio Iguaçu, podendo atingir até 15,0 kg e 70,0 cm de comprimento. Porém, escassos são os estudos sobre sua fisiologia principalmente em relação às características hematológicas e bioquímicas da espécie, que são fundamentais por contribuírem na compreensão fisiológica, filogenética e o estado de saúde dos peixes. Dentro desse intuito, o presente trabalho avaliou as características hematológicas e bioquímicas do Surubim do Iguaçu cultivados em tanques – rede. Determinou-se os seguintes parâmetros: concentração de hemoglobina, percentual de hematócrito, contagem de eritrócitos, volume corpuscular médio (VCM, hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM. Para os parâmetros bioquímicos determinou–se: glicose plasmática, proteínas totais, colesterol total e triglicerídeos. Os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos observados no surubim do Iguaçu S. melanodermatum  fornecem valores sanguíneos que poderão servir de comparação, para mesma espécie em outras situações de cultivo.

Diagnóstico sorológico de infecções por dengue e febre amarela em casos suspeitos no Estado do Pará, Brasil, 1999 Serological diagnosis of dengue and yellow fever infections in suspected cases from Pará State, Brazil, 1999

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Tais Pinheiro de Araújo

2002-12-01

Full Text Available De junho a dezembro de 1999, foram coletadas 785 amostras de soro de pacientes com suspeita clínica de dengue e/ou febre amarela. Os pacientes foram atendidos nas unidades de saúde distribuídas pelas seis mesorregiões do Estado do Pará, Brasil. As amostras de soro foram testadas pelo método de inibição da hemaglutinação para detecção de anticorpos para Flavivirus e pelo ensaio imunoenzimático para detecção de imunoglobulina M para dengue e febre amarela. Das amostras coletadas, 563 (71,7% foram positivas pelo IH, e dentre estas 150 (26,6% foram positivas pelo ELISA-IgM. O vírus dengue foi responsável pela maioria das infecções recentes em todas as mesorregiões e os casos de febre amarela detectados neste estudo foram restritos às mesorregiões Marajó e Sudeste.From June to December 1999, 785 serum samples were obtained from patients clinically suspected of having dengue or yellow fever. The patients were referred by public health centers distributed within the six mesoregions of Pará State, Brazil. Serum samples were tested for Flavivirus antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition test and for dengue and yellow fever viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for IgM detection. Of the sera collected, 563 (71.7% were positive by HI test and out of these 150 (26.6% were positive by ELISA-IgM. Dengue virus was responsible for most of the recent infections in all regions; yellow fever cases detected in the current study were restricted to the Marajó and Southeast regions.

Conferencias para arquitectos de instalaciones hidráulicas, sanitarias y eléctricas

OpenAIRE

Botero Botero, Juan Bernardo

2014-01-01

El tema de las instalaciones en los edificios va adquiriendo una gran importancia para los Arquitectos Proyectistas porque muchos de los parámetros de diseño son determinados y definidos por las redes de acueducto, desagüe, aire acondicionado, etc. que forman parte integral de las construcciones. Con esta publicación se pretende crear una herramienta de trabajo y texto de consulta para los profesionales de la Arquitectura orientado al diseño y construcción de Instalaciones Hidráulicas, Sa...

Primary cultures of glomerular parietal epithelial cells or podocytes with proven origin.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kabgani, N.; Grigoleit, T.; Schulte, K.; Sechi, A.; Sauer-Lehnen, S.; Tag, C.; Boor, P.; Kuppe, C.; Warsow, G.; Schordan, S.; Mostertz, J.; Chilukoti, R.K.; Homuth, G.; Endlich, N.; Tacke, F.; Weiskirchen, R.; Fuellen, G.; Endlich, K.; Floege, J.; Smeets, B.; Moeller, M.J.

2012-01-01

Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are crucially involved in the pathogenesis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) as well as in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In this study, transgenic mouse lines were used to isolate pure, genetically tagged primary cultures of PECs or

Individual structural differences in left inferior parietal area are associated with schoolchildrens’ arithmetic scores

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Yongxin eLi

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Arithmetic skill is of critical importance for academic achievement, professional success and everyday life, and childhood is the key period to acquire this skill. Neuroimaging studies have identified that left parietal regions are a key neural substrate for representing arithmetic skill. Although the relationship between functional brain activity in left parietal regions and arithmetic skill has been studied in detail, it remains unclear about the relationship between arithmetic achievement and structural properties in left inferior parietal area in schoolchildren. The current study employed a combination of voxel-based morphometry (VBM for high-resolution T1-weighted images and fiber tracking on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI to examine the relationship between structural properties in the inferior parietal area and arithmetic achievement in 10-year-old schoolchildren. VBM of the T1-weighted images revealed that individual differences in arithmetic scores were significantly and positively correlated with the grey matter (GM volume in the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS. Fiber tracking analysis revealed that the forceps major, left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF, bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF were the primary pathways connecting the left IPS with other brain areas. Furthermore, the regression analysis of the probabilistic pathways revealed a significant and positive correlation between the fractional anisotropy (FA values in the left SLF, ILF and bilateral IFOF and arithmetic scores. The brain structure-behavior correlation analyses indicated that the GM volumes in the left IPS and the FA values in the tract pathways connecting left IPS were both related to children’s arithmetic achievement. The present findings provide evidence that individual structural differences in the left IPS are associated with arithmetic scores in schoolchildren.

An atretic parietal cephalocele associated with multiple intracranial and eye anomalies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saatci, I.; Yelgec, S.; Aydin, K.; Akalan, N.

1998-01-01

We present the cranial MRI findings in a 4-month-old girl with an atretic parietal cephalocele associated with multiple cerebral and ocular anomalies including lobar holoprosencephaly, a Dandy-Walker malformation, agenesis of the corpus callosum, grey-matter heterotopia, extra-axial cysts in various locations, bilateral microphthalmia and a retroocular cyst. (orig.)

Lateralization of Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Processing after Parietal Brain Lesions

Science.gov (United States)

Iachini, Tina; Ruggiero, Gennaro; Conson, Massimiliano; Trojano, Luigi

2009-01-01

The purpose of this paper was to verify whether left and right parietal brain lesions may selectively impair egocentric and allocentric processing of spatial information in near/far spaces. Two Right-Brain-Damaged (RBD), 2 Left-Brain-Damaged (LBD) patients (not affected by neglect or language disturbances) and eight normal controls were submitted…

O ensino de língua materna através de paródias como ferramenta educacional

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Rafael de Souza Velasco

2017-12-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa empírica que visou refletir sobre a importância do ensino lúdico de língua portuguesa, através da implantação de paródias como ferramenta educacional na escola pública. Este trabalho teve por parâmetro a Lei 13.278/2016, que inclui as artes visuais, a dança, a música e o teatro nos currículos dos diversos níveis da educação básica. De base da legislação realizamos uma reflexão sobre o ensino de música na escola como um instrumento auxiliar do professor no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem dos alunos se apropriando da composição de paródias como recurso pedagógico na área da Linguagem.  Defendemos a ideia de que o material criativo imprime dinamicidade ao conteúdo didático, promovendo interesse e despertando a curiosidade. A orientação metodológica utilizada é um estudo de caso de cunho descritivo qualitativo, que tem relação com a área de educação, da qual se refere, a contribuição de paródias musicais no ensino aprendizagem de alunos. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas escolas públicas da cidade de Pelotas, escolas estas situadas em diferentes localizações da cidade e uma sendo da Rede Estadual e outra da Rede Municipal. Os informantes foram os alunos do sétimo ano do Ensino Fundamental. Verificamos que a música, neste contexto, pode se configurar em um fortíssimo aliado mnemônico para a compreensão das regras de língua portuguesa, bem como para a formação do sujeito em virtude de se configurar em uma linguagem. A ludicidade se configura em um reforço pedagógico, ajudando os alunos na compreensão, memorização, oralidade, criatividade e, desta forma, resultando em um mecanismo de ensino e de aprendizagem mais eficaz.

Identificación paramétrica en lazo cerrado de sistema de accionamiento neumático para cilindro de doble efecto

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Oscar Caldas Flautero

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Los modelos matemáticos que permiten comprender un sistema y predecir o simular su comportamiento suelen presentar inconvenientes cuando se cuenta con poca información a priori o se desconocen los parámetros físicos. Por esa razón, en este trabajo se presenta la identificación de sistemas como estrategia para abordar la construcción de modelos dinámicos complejos, proponiendo soluciones para tratar el comportamiento no-lineal de un sistema neumático, representado por un actuador de doble efecto y un par de válvulas proporcionales para el control de la presión de alimentación y el caudal. Se presenta una aproximación almodelomatemático para determinar el orden del sistema, la identificación en lazo abierto y lazo cerrado y la comparación entre modelos de procesosARX yARMAX, con diferente orden, para concluir con simulaciones comparativas entre la respuesta del sistema real y la del identificado.

Central and peripheral components of writing critically depend on a defined area of the dominant superior parietal gyrus.

Science.gov (United States)

Magrassi, Lorenzo; Bongetta, Daniele; Bianchini, Simonetta; Berardesca, Marta; Arienta, Cesare

2010-07-30

Classical neuropsychological models of writing separate central (linguistic) processes common to oral spelling, writing and typing from peripheral (motor) processes that are modality specific. Damage to the left superior parietal gyrus, an area of the cortex involved in peripheral processes specific to handwriting, should generate distorted graphemes but not misspelled words, while damage to other areas of the cortex like the frontal lobe should produce alterations in written and oral spelling without distorted graphemes. We describe the clinical and neuropsychological features of a patient with combined agraphia for handwriting and typewriting bearing a small glioblastoma in the left parietal lobe. His agraphia resolved after antiedema therapy and we tested by bipolar cortical stimulation his handwriting abilities during an awake neurosurgical procedure. We found that we could reversibly re-induce the same defects of writing by stimulating during surgery a limited area of the superior parietal gyrus in the same patient and in an independent patient that was never agraphic before the operation. In those patients stimulation caused spelling errors, poorly formed letters and in some cases a complete cessation of writing with minimal or no effects on oral spelling. Our results suggest that stimulating a specific area in the superior parietal gyrus we can generate different patterns of agraphia. Moreover, our findings also suggest that some of the central processes specific for typing and handwriting converge with motor processes at least in the limited portion of the superior parietal gyrus we mapped in our patients. Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Parâmetros anátomo-estruturais de orgãos reprodutivos de ovinos sem raça definida (SRD nativos do Estado da Paraíba, com e sem bipartição escrotal: estudo do escroto e funículo espermático

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Mikael L.D.L. Tolentino

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados 42 ovinos sem raça definida, divididos segundo a configuração escrotal. Destes animais, 12 foram utilizados na investigação da biometria testicular e histologia da pele escrotal. Os demais foram destinados ao estudo do funículo espermático. Os animais foram agrupados em um grupo de 21 animais sem bipartição escrotal (GEI e 21 com bipartição escrotal, (GEII, esta não atingindo 50% do comprimento do eixo longitudinal do escroto. Em cada grupo, em 6 animais foram coletados fragmentos da pele do escroto e em 5 do funículo espermáticos, e processados em rotina histológica e analisados em microscopia de luz; e em 10 foram injetados látex na artéria testicular para obtenção de moldes vasculares e obtenção do comprimento da artéria. Quando comparados os grupos GEI e GEII, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significativas (p<0,05 entre a espessura do escroto (epiderme e derme, constituição histológica da pele escrotal, número de glândulas sudoríparas por área, comprimento do funículo espermático ou parâmetros biométricos testiculares. Entretanto, o comprimento total das artérias testiculares do GEI foi maior do que o GEII (p<0,05. Concluiu-se, com base nos parâmetros morfológicos analisados, que a bipartição escrotal em ovinos não influenciou na estrutura da pele, funículo ou biometria testicular quando comparado aos animais que não apresentavam esta característica. Outros estudos merecem atenção para desmistificar o porquê do aparecimento dessa característica em ovinos e se esta característica é ou não desejável para melhoria na produção desses animais em regiões de clima quente.

Syndecan-1 in the mouse parietal peritoneum microcirculation in inflammation.

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Paulina M Kowalewska

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 (CD138 was shown to regulate inflammatory responses by binding chemokines and cytokines and interacting with adhesion molecules, thereby modulating leukocyte trafficking to tissues. The objectives of this study were to examine the expression of syndecan-1 and its role in leukocyte recruitment and chemokine presentation in the microcirculation underlying the parietal peritoneum. METHODS: Wild-type BALB/c and syndecan-1 null mice were stimulated with an intraperitoneal injection of Staphylococcus aureus LTA, Escherichia coli LPS or TNFα and the microcirculation of the parietal peritoneum was examined by intravital microscopy after 4 hours. Fluorescence confocal microscopy was used to examine syndecan-1 expression in the peritoneal microcirculation using fluorescent antibodies. Blocking antibodies to adhesion molecules were used to examine the role of these molecules in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in response to LTA. To determine whether syndecan-1 co-localizes with chemokines in vivo, fluorescent antibodies to syndecan-1 were co-injected intravenously with anti-MIP-2 (CXCL2, anti-KC (CXCL1 or anti-MCP-1 (CCL2. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Syndecan-1 was localized to the subendothelial region of peritoneal venules and the mesothelial layer. Leukocyte rolling was significantly decreased with LPS treatment while LTA and TNFα significantly increased leukocyte adhesion compared with saline control. Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions were not different in syndecan-1 null mice. Antibody blockade of β2 integrin (CD18, ICAM-1 (CD54 and VCAM-1 (CD106 did not decrease leukocyte adhesion in response to LTA challenge while blockade of P-selectin (CD62P abrogated leukocyte rolling. Lastly, MIP-2 expression in the peritoneal venules was not dependent on syndecan-1 in vivo. Our data suggest that syndecan-1 is expressed in the parietal peritoneum microvasculature but does not regulate leukocyte

The inflammatory marker suPAR after cardiac arrest

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rundgren, Malin; Lyngbaek, Stig; Fisker, Helle

2015-01-01

. This pilot study aimed at investigating suPAR levels in relation to outcome after CA and mild induced hypothermia. METHODS: suPAR levels were measured at 6, 36, and 72 hours in patients treated with hypothermia after CA. suPAR levels were analyzed in relation to survival after 6 months. Receiver operating...

Bilateral fronto-parietal integrity in young chronic cigarette smokers: a diffusion tensor imaging study.

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Yanhui Liao

Full Text Available Cigarette smoking continues to be the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in China and other countries. Previous studies have demonstrated gray matter loss in chronic smokers. However, only a few studies assessed the changes of white matter integrity in this group. Based on those previous reports of alterations in white matter integrity in smokers, the aim of this study was to examine the alteration of white matter integrity in a large, well-matched sample of chronic smokers and non-smokers.Using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI to measure the differences of whole-brain white matter integrity between 44 chronic smoking subjects (mean age, 28.0±5.6 years and 44 healthy age- and sex-matched comparison non-smoking volunteers (mean age, 26.3±5.8 years. DTI was performed on a 3-Tesla Siemens scanner (Allegra; Siemens Medical System. The data revealed that smokers had higher fractional anisotropy (FA than healthy non-smokers in almost symmetrically bilateral fronto-parietal tracts consisting of a major white matter pathway, the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF.We found the almost symmetrically bilateral fronto-parietal whiter matter changes in a relatively large sample of chronic smokers. These findings support the hypothesis that chronic cigarette smoking involves alterations of bilateral fronto-parietal connectivity.

Noninvasive brain stimulation of the parietal lobe for improving neurologic, neuropsychologic, and neuropsychiatric deficits.

Science.gov (United States)

Bolognini, Nadia; Miniussi, Carlo

2018-01-01

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electric stimulation (tES) are noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) tools that are now widely used in neuroscientific research in humans. The fact that both TMS and tES are able to modulate brain plasticity and, in turn, affect behavior is opening up new horizons in the treatment of brain circuit and plasticity disorders. In the present chapter, we will first provide the reader with a brief background on the basic principles of NIBS, describing the electromagnetic and physical foundations of TMS and tES, as well as the current knowledge of the neurophysiologic basis of their effects on brain activity and plasticity. In the main part, we will outline studies aimed at improving persistent symptoms and deficits in patients suffering from neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders featured by dysfunction of the parietal lobe. The emerging view is that NIBS of parietal areas holds the promise to overcome various sensory, motor, and cognitive disorders that are often refractory to standard medical or behavioral therapies. The chapter closes with an outlook on further developments in this realm, discussing novel therapeutic approaches that could lead to more effective rehabilitation procedures, better suited for the specific parietal lobe dysfunction. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thalamic and parietal brain morphology predicts auditory category learning.

Science.gov (United States)

Scharinger, Mathias; Henry, Molly J; Erb, Julia; Meyer, Lars; Obleser, Jonas

2014-01-01

Auditory categorization is a vital skill involving the attribution of meaning to acoustic events, engaging domain-specific (i.e., auditory) as well as domain-general (e.g., executive) brain networks. A listener's ability to categorize novel acoustic stimuli should therefore depend on both, with the domain-general network being particularly relevant for adaptively changing listening strategies and directing attention to relevant acoustic cues. Here we assessed adaptive listening behavior, using complex acoustic stimuli with an initially salient (but later degraded) spectral cue and a secondary, duration cue that remained nondegraded. We employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to identify cortical and subcortical brain structures whose individual neuroanatomy predicted task performance and the ability to optimally switch to making use of temporal cues after spectral degradation. Behavioral listening strategies were assessed by logistic regression and revealed mainly strategy switches in the expected direction, with considerable individual differences. Gray-matter probability in the left inferior parietal lobule (BA 40) and left precentral gyrus was predictive of "optimal" strategy switch, while gray-matter probability in thalamic areas, comprising the medial geniculate body, co-varied with overall performance. Taken together, our findings suggest that successful auditory categorization relies on domain-specific neural circuits in the ascending auditory pathway, while adaptive listening behavior depends more on brain structure in parietal cortex, enabling the (re)direction of attention to salient stimulus properties. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Broca Pars Triangularis Constitutes a “Hub” of the Language-Control Network during Simultaneous Language Translation

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Stefan Elmer

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Until now, several branches of research have fundamentally contributed to a better understanding of the ramifications of bilingualism, multilingualism, and language expertise on psycholinguistic-, cognitive-, and neural implications. In this context, it is noteworthy to mention that from a cognitive perspective, there is a strong convergence of data pointing to an influence of multilingual speech competence on a variety of cognitive functions, including attention, short-term- and working memory, set shifting, switching, and inhibition. In addition, complementary neuroimaging findings have highlighted a specific set of cortical and subcortical brain regions which fundamentally contribute to administrate cognitive control in the multilingual brain, namely Broca’s area, the middle-anterior cingulate cortex, the inferior parietal lobe, and the basal ganglia. However, a disadvantage of focusing on group analyses is that this procedure only enables an approximation of the neural networks shared within a population while at the same time smoothing inter-individual differences. In order to address both commonalities (i.e., within group analyses and inter-individual variability (i.e., single-subject analyses in language control mechanisms, here I measured five professional simultaneous interpreters while the participants overtly translated or repeated sentences with a simple subject-verb-object structure. Results demonstrated that pars triangularis was commonly activated across participants during backward translation (i.e., from L2 to L1, whereas the other brain regions of the control network showed a strong inter-individual variability during both backward and forward (i.e., from L1 to L2 translation. Thus, I propose that pars triangularis plays a crucial role within the language-control network and behaves as a fundamental processing entity supporting simultaneous language translation.

Estudio piloto de detecci?n de par?sitos en frutas y hortalizas expendidas en los mercados p?blicos y privados de la ciudad de Bogota D.C.

OpenAIRE

Camargo Castillo, Nelsi Andrea; Campuzano, Silvia

2006-01-01

Las enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos contaminados, representan un grave problema de salud p?blica, muchos microorganismos son capaces de sobrevivir a condiciones adversas para su desarrollo, por esta raz?n pueden encontrarse en las frutas y vegetales crudos. Se pretende con este trabajo, exaltar la importancia de validar e implementar los m?todos para detectar par?sitos en frutas y hortalizas durante el proceso de las buenas pr?cticas agr?colas, ya que algunos de estos pr...

sobre cor e relações raciais na formação de professoras no estado do Pará

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Wilma Nazaré Baía Coelho

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Solo de cuerpo presente: el silencio tácito sobre color y relaciones raciales en la formación de profesoras en el estado del Pará El artículo muestra uno de los graves problemas de la educación en Brasil: el no enfrentamiento de la discriminación y del prejuicio. Más de lo que denunciar su existencia, él analiza una de sus matrices: la ausencia de la discusión sobre raza, color y prejuicio en la formación del docente en Pará. Por medio del análisis de la formación ofrecida por el Instituto de Educación del Estado del Pará, una institución, secular, referencia para la formación docente en el estado del Pará, demuestra que buena parte de las acciones de las profesoras transcurrió de una formación que no trató de aspectos fundamentales, como las narrativas sobre la constitución de la nacionalidad brasileña. Se concluye que, a pesar de sensibles avances que sucedieron de los movimientos sociales en relación a la cuestión racial desde la década de 1960, la formación de profesores se presenta como un factor que continua contribuyendo en la reproducción de estereotipos y discriminaciones.

Thermohydraulic model of GOTHIC 8.0 for the analysis of PAR in NPP Cofrentes; Modelo termohidraulico de GOTHIC 8.0 para el analisis de PAR en C. N. Cofrentes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jimenez, G.; Lopez-Alonso, E.; Molina, M. c.; Garcia, J.; Serrano, C.; Queral, C.; Gallego, E.

2013-07-01

Analysis of the installation of Passive autocatalytic recombiners in CN Cofrentes being developed by Iberdrola Engineering and Construction the support of the UPM. This analysis supports the location and size of the PAR to be installed in the containment drywell and to minimize the risks arising from the release of hydrogen generated during a severe accident and distribution of hydrogen in the containment buildings annexes.

Recency Effects in the Inferior Parietal Lobe during Verbal Recognition Memory

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Bradley Russell Buchsbaum

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The most recently encountered information is often most easily remembered in psychological tests of memory. Recent investigations of the neural basis of such recency effects have shown that activation in the lateral inferior parietal cortex (LIPC tracks the recency of a probe item when subjects make recognition memory judgments. A key question regarding recency effects in the LIPC is whether they fundamentally reflect the storage (and strength of information in memory, or whether such effects are a consequence of task difficulty or an upswing in resting state network activity. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI we show that recency effects in the LIPC are independent of the difficulty of recognition memory decisions, that they are not a by-product of an increase in resting state network activity, and that they appear to dissociate from regions known to be involved in verbal working memory maintenance. We conclude with a discussion of two alternative explanations – the memory strength and expectancy hypotheses, respectively -- of the parietal lobe recency effect.

Parietal pleural invasion/adhesion of subpleural lung cancer: Quantitative 4-dimensional CT analysis using dynamic-ventilatory scanning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakuma, Kotaro, E-mail: ksakuma@ohara-hp.or.jp [Department of Radiology, Ohara General Hospital, 6-11 Omachi, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-8611 (Japan); Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295 (Japan); Yamashiro, Tsuneo, E-mail: clatsune@yahoo.co.jp [Department of Radiology, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 (Japan); Moriya, Hiroshi, E-mail: hrshmoriya@gmail.com [Department of Radiology, Ohara General Hospital, 6-11 Omachi, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-8611 (Japan); Murayama, Sadayuki, E-mail: sadayuki@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp [Department of Radiology, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 (Japan); Ito, Hiroshi, E-mail: h-ito@fmu.ac.jp [Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295 (Japan)

2017-02-15

Highlights: • 4DCT can be used for assessment of pleural invasion/adhesion by lung cancer. • Quantitative 4DCT indices of lung cancer and adjacent structures are described. • An automatic analysis of pleural invasion/adhesion would be developed in the future. - Abstract: Purpose: Using 4-dimensional dynamic-ventilatory scanning by a 320-row computed tomography (CT) scanner, we performed a quantitative assessment of parietal pleural invasion and adhesion by peripheral (subpleural) lung cancers. Methods: Sixteen patients with subpleural lung cancer underwent dynamic-ventilation CT during free breathing. Neither parietal pleural invasion nor adhesion was subsequently confirmed by surgery in 10 patients, whereas the other 6 patients were judged to have parietal pleural invasion or adhesion. Using research software, we tracked the movements of the cancer and of an adjacent structure such as the rib or aorta, and converted the data to 3-dimensional loci. The following quantitative indices were compared by the Mann-Whitney test: cross-correlation coefficient between time curves for the distances moved from the inspiratory frame by the cancer and the adjacent structure, the ratio of the total movement distances (cancer/adjacent structure), and the cosine similarities between the inspiratory and expiratory vectors (from the cancer to the adjacent structure) and between vectors of the cancer and of the adjacent structure (from inspiratory to expiratory frames). Results: Generally, the movements of the loci of the lung cancer and the adjacent structure were similar in patients with parietal pleural invasion/adhesion, while they were independent in patients without. There were significant differences in all the parameters between the two patient groups (cross-correlation coefficient and the movement distance ratio, P < 0.01; cosine similarities, P < 0.05). Conclusion: These observations suggest that quantitative indices by dynamic-ventilation CT can be utilized as a

Gyri of the human parietal lobe: Volumes, spatial extents, automatic labelling, and probabilistic atlases.

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Heather M Wild

Full Text Available Accurately describing the anatomy of individual brains enables interlaboratory communication of functional and developmental studies and is crucial for possible surgical interventions. The human parietal lobe participates in multimodal sensory integration including language processing and also contains the primary somatosensory area. We describe detailed protocols to subdivide the parietal lobe, analyze morphological and volumetric characteristics, and create probabilistic atlases in MNI152 stereotaxic space. The parietal lobe was manually delineated on 3D T1 MR images of 30 healthy subjects and divided into four regions: supramarginal gyrus (SMG, angular gyrus (AG, superior parietal lobe (supPL and postcentral gyrus (postCG. There was the expected correlation of male gender with larger brain and intracranial volume. We examined a wide range of anatomical features of the gyri and the sulci separating them. At least a rudimentary primary intermediate sulcus of Jensen (PISJ separating SMG and AG was identified in nearly all (59/60 hemispheres. Presence of additional gyri in SMG and AG was related to sulcal features and volumetric characteristics. The parietal lobe was slightly (2% larger on the left, driven by leftward asymmetries of the postCG and SMG. Intersubject variability was highest for SMG and AG, and lowest for postCG. Overall the morphological characteristics tended to be symmetrical, and volumes also tended to covary between hemispheres. This may reflect developmental as well as maturation factors. To assess the accuracy with which the labels can be used to segment newly acquired (unlabelled T1-weighted brain images, we applied multi-atlas label propagation software (MAPER in a leave-one-out experiment and compared the resulting automatic labels with the manually prepared ones. The results showed strong agreement (mean Jaccard index 0.69, corresponding to a mean Dice index of 0.82, average mean volume error of 0.6%. Stereotaxic

Parámetros sagitales espino-pélvicos en una población asintomática Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

Guiroy, Alfredo; Gagliardi, Martín; Sícoli, Alfredo; Masanés, Nicolás Gonzalez; Ciancio, Alejandro Morales; Jalón, Pablo; Mezzadri, Juan José

2018-01-01

Resumen Introducción: Analizar y describir los parámetros sagitales espinales y pelvianos de una serie de 100 voluntarios argentinos. Métodos: Se realizaron prospectivamente espinogramas digitalizados de perfil a 100 voluntarios (30 hombres y 70 mujeres), con un promedio de edad 34,14 años. Todos los voluntarios eran asintomáticos al momento de realizarse el estudio. Los espinogramas se hicieron en un equipo Kodak Elite CR. Se realizaron las mediciones usando el software Surgimap®, versión 2.2.9.9.2. Se tomaron los siguientes parámetros: C7 SVA, C2-C7 CL, TK, LL, TPA, T1 tilt, PI, PT, SS, ángulo L4-S1, ángulo L1-L4, PI-LL y CTPA. Los datos fueron analizados empleando el paquete estadístico Medcalc 11.2. Se determinaron las estadísticas descriptivas adecuadas para cada variable según su escala de medición y distribución. Se realizó la estimación de intervalos de referencia del 95% y de intervalos de confianza del 95% para todas las variables. Así, el nivel de significación obtenido fue igual a 0.05. Se dividió a los voluntarios según la clasificación morfométrica de Roussouly en cuatro tipos. Resultados: El promedio para cada variable fue CL −10.04, TK 30.14, T1SPi −6.5, L1-L4 −12.45, L4-S1 −46.16, CTPA 2.5, TPA 4.65, PT 11.22, PI 48.04, LL −59.10, PI-LL −11.11, C7 SVA mm −23.68. Los ±2 desvíos estándar para cada variable fueron: CL (−33.26, 13.12); TK (17.15, 43.30); T1SPi (−11.78, −1.25), L1-L4 (−25.55, 0.25), L4-S1 (−64.44, −27.55), CTPA (0.33, 4.80), TPA (−8.64, 18.22), PT (−1.99, 24.75), PI (25.23, 71.44), LL (−78.74, −39.89), PI-LL (−29.10, 7.04), C7 SVA mm (−79.45, 32.08). Conclusión: En esta serie prospectiva de 100 adultos voluntarios se determinaron los valores de normalidad de los parámetros sagitales espinales y pelvianos en una población de Argentina. PMID:29430329

It's quicker "Par Avignon"!

CERN Multimedia

2005-01-01

For a few years, the CERN Library has been receiving books from the University of Hanover sent via Avignon, at least that's what it says on the envelope. Such a detour would mean that parcels were travelling 720 km more than the distance separating Geneva and Hanover, which would be a very strange state of affairs. The explanation lies in a spelling mistake. The sender has been stamping parcels with a stamp that says "Par Avignon prioritaire" (first-class via Avignon) instead of "Par Avion prioritaire" (First Class Air Mail), a source of much amusement to the librarians!

A evolução da noção de parâmetros The evolution of the notion of parameter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mary A. Kato

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta uma retrospectiva do conceito de parâmetro na teoria de Princípios e Parâmetros e mostra que: a no primeiro estágio da teoria, os parâmetros eram concebidos como propriedades associadas a Princípios e b no segundo estágio, como propriedades do léxico, mais especificamente do léxico funcional.. Essa segunda visão também sofreu uma evolução, de um conceito substantivo, para um conceito formal de classes funcionais. O trabalho discute ainda a noção de parâmetros associados a diferentes níveis de representação.This paper presents an overview of the concept of parameter in the Principles and Parameters theory, showing that a in the first stage parameters were conceived as variation associated to the Principles and b in the second stage as properties of the lexicon, and more specifically as properties of functional categories. The latter view has also developed from a substantive conception of functional categories to a more formal abstract characterization of functional heads. The paper also discusses parameters related to different levels of representation.

Multimodal FMRI resting-state functional connectivity in granulin mutations: the case of fronto-parietal dementia.

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Enrico Premi

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Monogenic dementias represent a great opportunity to trace disease progression from preclinical to symptomatic stages. Frontotemporal Dementia related to Granulin (GRN mutations presents a specific framework of brain damage, involving fronto-temporal regions and long inter-hemispheric white matter bundles. Multimodal resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI is a promising tool to carefully describe disease signature from the earliest disease phase. OBJECTIVE: To define local connectivity alterations in GRN related pathology moving from the presymptomatic (asymptomatic GRN mutation carriers to the clinical phase of the disease (GRN- related Frontotemporal Dementia. METHODS: Thirty-one GRN Thr272fs mutation carriers (14 patients with Frontotemporal Dementia and 17 asymptomatic carriers and 38 healthy controls were recruited. Local connectivity measures (Regional Homogeneity (ReHo, Fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation (fALFF and Degree Centrality (DC were computed, considering age and gender as nuisance variables as well as the influence of voxel-level gray matter atrophy. RESULTS: Asymptomatic GRN carriers had selective reduced ReHo in the left parietal region and increased ReHo in frontal regions compared to healthy controls. Considering Frontotemporal Dementia patients, all measures (ReHo, fALFF and DC were reduced in inferior parietal, frontal lobes and posterior cingulate cortex. Considering GRN mutation carriers, an inverse correlation with age in the posterior cingulate cortex, inferior parietal lobule and orbitofrontal cortex was found. CONCLUSIONS: GRN pathology is characterized by functional brain network alterations even decades before the clinical onset; they involve the parietal region primarily and then spread to the anterior regions of the brain, supporting the concept of molecular nexopathies.

Serum suPAR in patients with FSGS: trash or treasure?

Science.gov (United States)

Maas, Rutger J H; Deegens, Jeroen K J; Wetzels, Jack F M

2013-07-01

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has important functions in cell migration. uPAR can be shed from the cell membrane resulting in soluble uPAR (suPAR). Further cleavage gives rise to shorter fragments with largely unknown functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that both overexpression of uPAR on podocytes and the administration of suPAR cause proteinuria in mice. The common pathogenic mechanism involves the activation of podocyte β3-integrin. Increased activation of β3-integrin is also observed in patients with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). These observations form the basis for the hypothesis that suPAR may be the circulating factor causing FSGS. A recent study fosters this idea by demonstrating increased suPAR levels in the serum of patients with FSGS and reporting an association with recurrence after transplantation and response to plasmapheresis. However, this study was heavily biased, and subsequent studies have given conflicting results. Although the experimental work is very suggestive, at present there is no proof that any known human suPAR fragment causes FSGS in humans. We therefore suggest that the measurement of suPAR using currently available assays has absolutely no value at the present time in decision-making in routine clinical practice.

Posterior Parietal Cortex and Episodic Encoding: Insights from fMRI Subsequent Memory Effects and Dual Attention Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Uncapher, Melina; Wagner, Anthony D.

2010-01-01

The formation of episodic memories –– memories for life events –– is affected by attention during event processing. A leading neurobiological model of attention posits two separate yet interacting systems that depend on distinct regions in lateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC). From this dual-attention perspective, dorsal PPC is thought to support the goal-directed allocation of attention, whereas ventral PPC is thought to support reflexive orienting to information that automatically captures attention. To advance understanding of how parietal mechanisms may impact event encoding, we review functional MRI studies that document the relationship between lateral PPC activation during encoding and subsequent memory performance (e.g., later remembering or forgetting). This review reveals that (a) encoding-related activity is frequently observed in human lateral PPC, (b) increased activation in dorsal PPC is associated with later memory success, and (c) increased activation in ventral PPC predominantly correlates with later memory failure. From a dual-attention perspective, these findings suggest that allocating goal-directed attention during event processing increases the probability that the event will be remembered later, whereas the capture of reflexive attention during event processing may have negative consequences for event encoding. The prevalence of encoding-related activation in parietal cortex suggests that neurobiological models of episodic memory should consider how parietal-mediated attentional mechanisms regulate encoding. PMID:19028591

Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1 regulates leukemic stem cell functions.

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Nicole Bäumer

Full Text Available External signals that are mediated by specific receptors determine stem cell fate. The thrombin receptor PAR1 plays an important role in haemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology, but also in tumor biology and angiogenesis. Its expression and function in hematopoietic stem cells is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed expression and function of PAR1 in primary hematopoietic cells and their leukemic counterparts. AML patients' blast cells expressed much lower levels of PAR1 mRNA and protein than CD34+ progenitor cells. Constitutive Par1-deficiency in adult mice did not affect engraftment or stem cell potential of hematopoietic cells. To model an AML with Par1-deficiency, we retrovirally introduced the oncogene MLL-AF9 in wild type and Par1-/- hematopoietic progenitor cells. Par1-deficiency did not alter initial leukemia development. However, the loss of Par1 enhanced leukemic stem cell function in vitro and in vivo. Re-expression of PAR1 in Par1-/- leukemic stem cells delayed leukemogenesis in vivo. These data indicate that Par1 contributes to leukemic stem cell maintenance.

Proteinase-Activated Receptor 1 (PAR1) regulates leukemic stem cell functions.

Science.gov (United States)

Bäumer, Nicole; Krause, Annika; Köhler, Gabriele; Lettermann, Stephanie; Evers, Georg; Hascher, Antje; Bäumer, Sebastian; Berdel, Wolfgang E; Müller-Tidow, Carsten; Tickenbrock, Lara

2014-01-01

External signals that are mediated by specific receptors determine stem cell fate. The thrombin receptor PAR1 plays an important role in haemostasis, thrombosis and vascular biology, but also in tumor biology and angiogenesis. Its expression and function in hematopoietic stem cells is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed expression and function of PAR1 in primary hematopoietic cells and their leukemic counterparts. AML patients' blast cells expressed much lower levels of PAR1 mRNA and protein than CD34+ progenitor cells. Constitutive Par1-deficiency in adult mice did not affect engraftment or stem cell potential of hematopoietic cells. To model an AML with Par1-deficiency, we retrovirally introduced the oncogene MLL-AF9 in wild type and Par1-/- hematopoietic progenitor cells. Par1-deficiency did not alter initial leukemia development. However, the loss of Par1 enhanced leukemic stem cell function in vitro and in vivo. Re-expression of PAR1 in Par1-/- leukemic stem cells delayed leukemogenesis in vivo. These data indicate that Par1 contributes to leukemic stem cell maintenance.

Serum suPAR in patients with FSGS: trash or treasure?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Maas, R.J.H.; Deegens, J.K.J.; Wetzels, J.F.M.

2013-01-01

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has important functions in cell migration. uPAR can be shed from the cell membrane resulting in soluble uPAR (suPAR). Further cleavage gives rise to shorter fragments with largely unknown functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that both

Glomerular parietal epithelial cells in kidney physiology, pathology, and repair

OpenAIRE

Shankland, Stuart J.; Anders, Hans-Joachim; Romagnani, Paola

2013-01-01

Purpose of review We have summarized recently published glomerular parietal epithelial cell (PEC) research, focusing on their roles in glomerular development and physiology, and in certain glomerular diseases. The rationale is that PECs have been largely ignored until the recent availability of cell lineage tracing studies, human and murine PEC culture systems, and potential therapeutic interventions of PECs. Recent findings Several new paradigms involving PECs have emerged demonstrating thei...

Utilización del patrón de restricción del DNA codificante para el RNA Ribosomal de la subunidad pequeña para la caracterización de Apicomplexa

OpenAIRE

López Adelaida; Carvajal Humberto; Royero Nelson

1996-01-01

Los Apicomplexos constituyen un phylum de protozoarios que se caracterizan por ser parásitos obligados de una gran variedad de huéspedes vertebrados e invertebrados. Hoy en día hay fuertes polémicas en tomo a su clasificación taxonómica, sus relaciones filogenéticas, y los patrones de coevolución con sus hospederos. El gen que codifica para el ARN ribosomal de la subunidad pequeña (ARN-SURp) se utiliza como marcador molecular para resolver estas inquietudes. A partir del ADN de las especies d...

Gas1 expression in parietal cells of Bowman's capsule in experimental diabetic nephropathy.

Science.gov (United States)

Luna-Antonio, Brenda I; Rodriguez-Muñoz, Rafael; Namorado-Tonix, Carmen; Vergara, Paula; Segovia, Jose; Reyes, Jose L

2017-07-01

Gas1 (Growth Arrest-Specific 1) is a pleiotropic protein with novel functions including anti-proliferative and proapoptotic activities. In the kidney, the expression of Gas1 has been described in mesangial cells. In this study, we described that renal parietal cells of Bowman's capsule (BC) and the distal nephron cells also express Gas1. The role of Gas1 in the kidney is not yet known. There is a subpopulation of progenitor cells in Bowman's capsule with self-renewal properties which can eventually differentiate into podocytes as a possible mechanism of regeneration in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy. We analyzed the expression of Gas1 in the parietal cells of Bowman's capsule in murine experimental diabetes. We found that diabetes reduced the expression of Gas1 and increased the expression of progenitor markers like NCAM, CD24, and SIX1/2, and mesenchymal markers like PAX2 in the Bowman's capsule. We also analyzed the expression of WT1 (a podocyte-specific marker) on BC and observed an increase in the number of WT1 positive cells in diabetes. In contrast, nephrin, another podocyte-specific protein, decreases its expression in the first week of diabetes in the glomerular tuft, which is gradually restored during the second and third weeks of diabetes. These results suggest that in diabetes the decrease of Gas1 promotes the activation of parietal progenitor cells of Bowman's capsule that might differentiate into podocytes and compensate their loss observed in this pathology.

Frontal and parietal theta burst TMS impairs working memory for visual-spatial conjunctions.

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Morgan, Helen M; Jackson, Margaret C; van Koningsbruggen, Martijn G; Shapiro, Kimron L; Linden, David E J

2013-03-01

In tasks that selectively probe visual or spatial working memory (WM) frontal and posterior cortical areas show a segregation, with dorsal areas preferentially involved in spatial (e.g. location) WM and ventral areas in visual (e.g. object identity) WM. In a previous fMRI study [1], we showed that right parietal cortex (PC) was more active during WM for orientation, whereas left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was more active during colour WM. During WM for colour-orientation conjunctions, activity in these areas was intermediate to the level of activity for the single task preferred and non-preferred information. To examine whether these specialised areas play a critical role in coordinating visual and spatial WM to perform a conjunction task, we used theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to induce a functional deficit. Compared to sham stimulation, TMS to right PC or left IFG selectively impaired WM for conjunctions but not single features. This is consistent with findings from visual search paradigms, in which frontal and parietal TMS selectively affects search for conjunctions compared to single features, and with combined TMS and functional imaging work suggesting that parietal and frontal regions are functionally coupled in tasks requiring integration of visual and spatial information. Our results thus elucidate mechanisms by which the brain coordinates spatially segregated processing streams and have implications beyond the field of working memory. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Accouchement par forceps: indications et pronostic materno-foetal ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

L'accouchement par voie basse, peut être parfois compromis par des facteurs maternels, foetaux ou materno-foetaux nécessitant des moyens thérapeutiques comme le forceps pour achever l'accouchement par voie naturelle. Le forceps, une méthode qui n'est pas sans risque pour la mère et le nouveau-né. Nous avons ...

El artículo científico para revista académica: Pautas para su planificación y edición de acuerdo con el modelo APA

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María Elena Camacho Villalobos

2014-07-01

Full Text Available A partir de la experiencia de las autoras como directoras y editoras de revistas académicas, en comités editoriales, en arbitrajes de textos, en cursos impartidos para la redacción de artículos y sobre la escritura en general, y en la revisión filológica, se propone este artículo. En estas experiencias han detectado diversas dificultades en la escritura de artículos, por lo cual plantean los indicadores de calidad e información pertinente para la escogencia del medio en que se quiere publicar; formato general, modalidades y partes constituyentes del artículo; la construcción de la cohesión y la coherencia; la planificación del texto y la elaboración de las paráfrasis. Bosquejan elementos que se deben revisar antes de enviar el artículo, así como estrategias para gestionar la publicación en la revista. Con ello, atienden detalles que tienen que ver con un asunto pragmático y formal. La síntesis y el análisis constituyen herramientas para la elaboración de la paráfrasis, por tanto, su abordaje se ha considerado relevante debido a que facilitan el acopio de información de diversas fuentes y su adecuado empleo en el documento propio. Recalcan la noción de que escribir es un acto comunicativo en el cual se debe colaborar con los potenciales lectores o lectoras con un texto cohesionado, coherente, conciso y claro. Este constituye una propuesta de lingüística aplicada a la construcción del texto académico, de provecho para diversas disciplinas.

El artículo científico para revista académica: Pautas para su planificación y edición de acuerdo con el modelo APA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Elena Camacho Villalobos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de la experiencia de las autoras como directoras y editoras de revistas académicas, en comités editoriales, en arbitrajes de textos, en cursos impartidos para la redacción de artículos y sobre la escritura en general, y en la revisión filológica, se propone este artículo. En estas experie ncias han detectado diversas dificultades en la escritura de artículos, por lo cual plantean los indicadores de calidad e información pertinente para la escogencia del medio en que se quiere publicar; formato general, modalidades y partes constituyentes de l artículo; la construcción de la cohesión y la coherencia; la planificación del texto y la elaboración de las paráfrasis. Bosquejan elementos que se deben revisar antes de enviar el artículo, así como estrategias para gestionar la publicación en la revist a. Con ello, atienden detalles que tienen que ver con un asunto pragmático y formal. La síntesis y el análisis constituyen herramientas para la elaboración de la paráfrasis, por tanto, su abordaje se ha considerado relevante debido a que facilitan el acopi o de información de diversas fuentes y su adecuado empleo en el documento propio. Recalcan la noción de que escribir es un acto comunicativo en el cual se debe colaborar con los potenciales lectores o lectoras con un texto cohesionado, coherente, conciso y claro. Este constituye una propuesta de lingüística aplicada a la construcción del texto académico, de provecho para diversas disciplinas.

Sesgos en estimación, tamaño y potencia de una prueba sobre el parámetro de memoria larga en modelos ARFIMA

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Elkin Castaño

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Castaño et al. (2008 proponen una prueba para investigar la existencia de memoria larga, basada en el parámetro de diferenciación fraccional de un modelo ARFIMA (p, d, q; se muestra que al usar una aproximación autorregresiva de orden igual al entero más próximo a p* = T1/3 para la componente de memoria corta, la prueba de la hipótesis nula de memoria corta contra la alternativa de memoria larga tiene, en general, mayor potencia que algunas otras pruebas conservando un tamaño adecuado. Este estudio muestra los sesgos generados en la estimación del parámetro d y su efecto sobre la potencia y tamaño de la prueba, cuando se ignora la componente de corto plazo y cuando se emplean modelos que no la aproximan adecuadamente. Adicionalmente, se analiza si los resultados obtenidos por Castaño et al. (2008 pueden mejorarse empleando una aproximación autorregresiva diferente.

Prácticas artísticas para la Inteligencia Emocional: inquietudes para el cambio e implicación institucional bajo parámetros multiculturales

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Pérez Alonso, María de las Nieves

2015-01-01

Este estudio propone el empleo de prácticas artísticas y la creación de un espacio propio dentro de los centros escolares, para ofrecer la oportunidad de desarrollar habilidades emocionales de un modo diferente en las aulas. Se ofrece la creación de un “corpus doctrinal” que recopile la información social básica de la España actual para ayudar en la comprensión del contexto receptor de esta tipología de talleres artísticos. Para ello, ofrecemos una revisión del origen de concepto Inteligencia...

Uranium-lead dating method at the Pará-Iso isotope geology laboratory, UFPA, Belém - Brazil

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Robert S. Krymsky

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Analytical procedures for U-Pb isotope dilution analyses at the Pará-Iso isotope geology laboratory of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA are described in detail. The procedures are applied to zircon, titanite, rutile, apatite, columbite-tantalite and whole rock. Reagent preparation and chemical processing are done in clean-room conditions. Samples are dissolved using TeflonTM microcapsules in steel jacket TeflonTM Parr InstrumentTM bomb or TeflonTM screw cap containers. U and Pb are separated using anion exchange AG 1x8 resin columns. Typical blanks for mineral sample amounts of 0.01 to 1.0 mg are less than 1 pg U and 20-30 pg Pb. Isotope analysis of the U and Pb from the same filament are carried out using a Finnigan MAT 262 mass-spectrometer in static and dynamic modes. The current analytical level is demonstrated on analyses of international standard zircon 91500 with three different 235U-205Pb and 235U-208Pb isotope tracers and whole rock standards. Results of analyses of two zircon samples are also presented.Os procedimentos analíticos para análises U-Pb por diluição isotópica no Laboratório de Geologia Isotópica (Pará-Iso da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA são descritos detalhadamente. Esses procedimentos são aplicados para análises de zircão, titanita, rutilo, apatita, columbita-tantalita e rocha total. A purificação dos reagentes e os procedimentos químicos são feitos em salas limpas. As amostras são dissolvidas em microcápsulas de Teflon em bombas do tipo Parr InstrumentTM. U e Pb são separados em colunas com resina de troca iônica AG 1x8. Os brancos de procedimento para amostra típica(0,01-1 mg são menores que 1 pg de U e 20-30 pg de Pb. As análises isotópicas de Pb e de U são feitas em um único filamento de Re em um espectrômetro de massa Finnigan MAT 262 nos modos estático e dinâmico. O nível analítico atual é comprovado pelas análises do padrão internacional de zircão 91500, usando tr

Activity in the fronto-parietal network indicates numerical inductive reasoning beyond calculation: An fMRI study combined with a cognitive model.

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Liang, Peipeng; Jia, Xiuqin; Taatgen, Niels A; Borst, Jelmer P; Li, Kuncheng

2016-05-19

Numerical inductive reasoning refers to the process of identifying and extrapolating the rule involved in numeric materials. It is associated with calculation, and shares the common activation of the fronto-parietal regions with calculation, which suggests that numerical inductive reasoning may correspond to a general calculation process. However, compared with calculation, rule identification is critical and unique to reasoning. Previous studies have established the central role of the fronto-parietal network for relational integration during rule identification in numerical inductive reasoning. The current question of interest is whether numerical inductive reasoning exclusively corresponds to calculation or operates beyond calculation, and whether it is possible to distinguish between them based on the activity pattern in the fronto-parietal network. To directly address this issue, three types of problems were created: numerical inductive reasoning, calculation, and perceptual judgment. Our results showed that the fronto-parietal network was more active in numerical inductive reasoning which requires more exchanges between intermediate representations and long-term declarative knowledge during rule identification. These results survived even after controlling for the covariates of response time and error rate. A computational cognitive model was developed using the cognitive architecture ACT-R to account for the behavioral results and brain activity in the fronto-parietal network.

A parietal biomarker for ADHD liability:As predicted by The Distributed Effects Perspective Model of ADHD

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T. Sigi eHale

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Background: We previously hypothesized that poor task-directed sensory information processing should be indexed by increased weighting of right hemisphere (RH biased attention and visuo-perceptual brain functions during task operations, and have demonstrated this phenotype in ADHD across multiple studies, using multiple methodologies. However, in our recent Distributed Effects Model of ADHD, we surmised that this phenotype is not ADHD specific, but rather more broadly reflective of any circumstance that disrupts the induction and maintenance of an emergent task-directed neural architecture. Under this view, increased weighting of RH biased attention and visuo-perceptual brain functions is expected to generally index neurocognitive sets that are not optimized for task-directed thought and action, and when durable expressed, liability for ADHD. Method: The current study tested this view by examining whether previously identified rightward parietal EEG asymmetry in ADHD was associated with common ADHD characteristics and comorbidities (i.e., ADHD risk factors. Results: Barring one exception (non-right handedness, we found that it was. Rightward parietal asymmetry was associated with carrying the DRD4-7R risk allele, being male, having mood disorder, and having anxiety disorder. However, differences in the specific expression of rightward parietal asymmetry were observed, which are discussed in relation to possible unique mechanisms underlying ADHD liability in different ADHD RFs. Conclusion: Rightward parietal asymmetry appears to be a durable feature of ADHD liability, as predicted by the Distributed Effects Perspective Model of ADHD. Moreover, variability in the expression of this phenotype may shed light on different sources of ADHD liability.

Distinct parietal sites mediate the influences of mood, arousal, and their interaction on human recognition memory.

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Greene, Ciara M; Flannery, Oliver; Soto, David

2014-12-01

The two dimensions of emotion, mood valence and arousal, have independent effects on recognition memory. At present, however, it is not clear how those effects are reflected in the human brain. Previous research in this area has generally dealt with memory for emotionally valenced or arousing stimuli, but the manner in which interacting mood and arousal states modulate responses in memory substrates remains poorly understood. We investigated memory for emotionally neutral items while independently manipulating mood valence and arousal state by means of music exposure. Four emotional conditions were created: positive mood/high arousal, positive mood/low arousal, negative mood/high arousal, and negative mood/low arousal. We observed distinct effects of mood valence and arousal in parietal substrates of recognition memory. Positive mood increased activity in ventral posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and orbitofrontal cortex, whereas arousal condition modulated activity in dorsal PPC and the posterior cingulate. An interaction between valence and arousal was observed in left ventral PPC, notably in a parietal area distinct from the those identified for the main effects, with a stronger effect of mood on recognition memory responses here under conditions of relative high versus low arousal. We interpreted the PPC activations in terms of the attention-to-memory hypothesis: Increased arousal may lead to increased top-down control of memory, and hence dorsal PPC activation, whereas positive mood valence may result in increased activity in ventral PPC regions associated with bottom-up attention to memory. These findings indicate that distinct parietal sites mediate the influences of mood, arousal, and their interplay during recognition memory.

RADIACIÓN SOLAR: FACTOR CLAVE PARA EL DISEÑO DE SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS

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Sergio Sepúlveda

2014-01-01

La radiación solar es un parámetro fundamental para el dimensionamiento de sistemas fotovoltaicos. Esta radiación varía geográficamente debido a condiciones climatológicas. Por este motivo, se vuelve relevante contar con un sistema que permita monitorizar la radiación solar de un sitio para poder diseñar óptimamente un sistema fotovoltaico. En este artículo se presenta una introducción a la radiación solar, un breve análisis del espectro solar y de la respuesta espectral de un piranómetro ...

Geotecnologias aplicadas à avaliação de parâmetros biofísicos do Pantanal

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Ricardo Guimarães Andrade

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar parâmetros biofísicos de superfície do Bioma Pantanal com a aplicação de geotecnologias. Foram utilizados o algoritmo Sebal ("surface energy balance algorithm for land", imagens do sensor Modis ("moderate‑resolution imaging spectroradiometer" e o mapa de classes de uso e cobertura da terra. Os resultados obtidos para NDVI, temperatura da superfície, albedo, fluxo de calor sensível diário, saldo de radiação diário e evapotranspiração real diária foram consistentes com dados de literatura para os diferentes usos e cobertura da terra, e corroboram a eficiência da capacidade analítica e sinóptica das estimativas do Sebal. Tais resultados mostram o potencial de geotecnologias na implementação de modelos ou algoritmos voltados para a compreensão da dinâmica de processos biofísicos de interação solo‑planta‑atmosfera do Pantanal.

Time course of the involvement of the right anterior superior temporal gyrus and the right fronto-parietal operculum in emotional prosody perception.

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Marjolijn Hoekert

Full Text Available In verbal communication, not only the meaning of the words convey information, but also the tone of voice (prosody conveys crucial information about the emotional state and intentions of others. In various studies right frontal and right temporal regions have been found to play a role in emotional prosody perception. Here, we used triple-pulse repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS to shed light on the precise time course of involvement of the right anterior superior temporal gyrus and the right fronto-parietal operculum. We hypothesized that information would be processed in the right anterior superior temporal gyrus before being processed in the right fronto-parietal operculum. Right-handed healthy subjects performed an emotional prosody task. During listening to each sentence a triplet of TMS pulses was applied to one of the regions at one of six time points (400-1900 ms. Results showed a significant main effect of Time for right anterior superior temporal gyrus and right fronto-parietal operculum. The largest interference was observed half-way through the sentence. This effect was stronger for withdrawal emotions than for the approach emotion. A further experiment with the inclusion of an active control condition, TMS over the EEG site POz (midline parietal-occipital junction, revealed stronger effects at the fronto-parietal operculum and anterior superior temporal gyrus relative to the active control condition. No evidence was found for sequential processing of emotional prosodic information from right anterior superior temporal gyrus to the right fronto-parietal operculum, but the results revealed more parallel processing. Our results suggest that both right fronto-parietal operculum and right anterior superior temporal gyrus are critical for emotional prosody perception at a relatively late time period after sentence onset. This may reflect that emotional cues can still be ambiguous at the beginning of sentences, but become

Time course of the involvement of the right anterior superior temporal gyrus and the right fronto-parietal operculum in emotional prosody perception.

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Hoekert, Marjolijn; Bais, Leonie; Kahn, René S; Aleman, André

2008-05-21

In verbal communication, not only the meaning of the words convey information, but also the tone of voice (prosody) conveys crucial information about the emotional state and intentions of others. In various studies right frontal and right temporal regions have been found to play a role in emotional prosody perception. Here, we used triple-pulse repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to shed light on the precise time course of involvement of the right anterior superior temporal gyrus and the right fronto-parietal operculum. We hypothesized that information would be processed in the right anterior superior temporal gyrus before being processed in the right fronto-parietal operculum. Right-handed healthy subjects performed an emotional prosody task. During listening to each sentence a triplet of TMS pulses was applied to one of the regions at one of six time points (400-1900 ms). Results showed a significant main effect of Time for right anterior superior temporal gyrus and right fronto-parietal operculum. The largest interference was observed half-way through the sentence. This effect was stronger for withdrawal emotions than for the approach emotion. A further experiment with the inclusion of an active control condition, TMS over the EEG site POz (midline parietal-occipital junction), revealed stronger effects at the fronto-parietal operculum and anterior superior temporal gyrus relative to the active control condition. No evidence was found for sequential processing of emotional prosodic information from right anterior superior temporal gyrus to the right fronto-parietal operculum, but the results revealed more parallel processing. Our results suggest that both right fronto-parietal operculum and right anterior superior temporal gyrus are critical for emotional prosody perception at a relatively late time period after sentence onset. This may reflect that emotional cues can still be ambiguous at the beginning of sentences, but become more apparent half

Autoimmune gastritis and parietal cell reactivity in two children with abnormal intestinal permeability

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Greenwood, Deanne L. V.; Crock, Patricia; Braye, Stephen; Davidson, Patricia; Sentry, John W.

Autoimmune gastritis is characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of the gastric submucosa, with loss of parietal and chief cells and achlorhydria. Often, gastritis is expressed clinically as cobalamin deficiency with megaloblastic anaemia, which is generally described as a disease of the elderly.

Efeitos da fisioterapia nos programas de atenção no processo de envelhecimento sobre qualidade de vida e parâmetros físicos

OpenAIRE

Paula Costa Castro

2011-01-01

Diferentes programas específicos para idosos tem sido propostos para assistir e promover envelhecimento saudável, inclusive protocolos de Fisioterapia. Os efeitos de muitos desses programas na qualidade de vida e parâmetros físicos dos participantes ainda requerem investigação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo geral desenvolver uma intervenção de fisioterapia em grupo e avaliar a influência dos programas da Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade e do Projeto de Revitalização Geriátrica sobre a...

Parietal scalp is another affected area in female pattern hair loss: an analysis of hair density and hair diameter

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Rojhirunsakool S

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Salinee Rojhirunsakool, Poonkiat Suchonwanit Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Purpose: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL is a common hair disease. However, studies of the quantitative measurement of FPHL are still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of hair density and hair diameter in normal women and FPHL patients, and further correlate the quantitative measurement with the clinical presentation of FPHL.Patients and methods: An evaluation of 471 FPHL patients and 236 normal women was carried out according to the Ludwig classification, and analysis was performed by using a computerized handheld USB camera with computer-assisted software. Various areas of the scalp, including frontal, parietal, midscalp, and occipital, were analyzed for hair density, non-vellus hair diameter, and percentage of miniaturized hair.Results: The hair density in normal women was the highest and the lowest in the midscalp and parietal areas, respectively. The FPHL group revealed the lowest hair density in the parietal area. Significant differences in hair density, non-vellus hair diameter, and percentage of miniaturized hair between the normal and FPHL groups were observed, especially in the midscalp and parietal areas.Conclusion: The parietal area is another important affected area in FPHL in addition to the midscalp area. This finding provides novel important information of FPHL and will be useful for hair transplant surgeons choosing the optimal donor sites for hair transplantation in women. Keywords: androgenetic alopecia, alopecia, phototrichogram, miniaturization

The Regenerative Potential of Parietal Epithelial Cells in Adult Mice

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Berger, Katja; Schulte, Kevin; Boor, Peter; Kuppe, Christoph; van Kuppevelt, Toin H.; Floege, Jürgen; Smeets, Bart; Moeller, Marcus J.

2014-01-01

Previously, we showed that some podocytes in juvenile mice are recruited from cells lining Bowman’s capsule, suggesting that parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are a progenitor cell population for podocytes. To investigate whether PECs also replenish podocytes in adult mice, PECs were genetically labeled in an irreversible fashion in 5-week-old mice. No significant increase in labeled podocytes was observed, even after 18 months. To accelerate a potential regenerative mechanism, progressive glo...

Potenciais biomarcadores da terapia cognitivo-comportamental para o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático: uma revisão sistemática

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Raquel Gonçalves

2011-01-01

Full Text Available CONTEXTO: O estabelecimento de biomarcadores relacionados à terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC é uma maneira de consolidar a eficácia do tratamento de forma mais objetiva, sendo crítico para o avanço desse campo de pesquisa. OBJETIVOS: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática de estudos que: 1 utilizaram parâmetros biológicos para verificar a eficácia da TCC no tratamento do transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT; e 2 utilizaram esses parâmetros como preditores de resposta à CBT. MÉTODOS: Foram conduzidas buscas eletrônicas nas bases PubMed/Medline, ISI/Thompson Reuters e Pilot. RESULTADOS: Doze artigos foram selecionados para esta revisão, sendo quatro deles estudos sobre predição de resposta ao tratamento. Foi observada relação entre a eficácia da TCC e modificações nesses parâmetros, sendo a resposta da frequência cardíaca à evocação de sintomas o parâmetro mais utilizado até o presente momento. Sua redução está associada à melhora nos sintomas de TEPT. Potenciais biomarcadores de predição de resposta encontrados incluem 5α-redutase, ativação da amígdala, ativação e volume do córtex cingulado anterior e frequência cardíaca. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da escassez de estudos e das limitações metodológicas neles observadas, investigações iniciais sugerem que os biomarcadores da TCC em pacientes com TEPT poderão ser úteis para o monitoramento mais objetivo dos efeitos do tratamento, identificação de predição de resposta e para o desenvolvimento de estratégias mais eficazes de tratamento e prevenção do desenvolvimento de TEPT.

Distributed patterns of occipito-parietal functional connectivity predict the precision of visual working memory.

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Galeano Weber, Elena M; Hahn, Tim; Hilger, Kirsten; Fiebach, Christian J

2017-02-01

Limitations in visual working memory (WM) quality (i.e., WM precision) may depend on perceptual and attentional limitations during stimulus encoding, thereby affecting WM capacity. WM encoding relies on the interaction between sensory processing systems and fronto-parietal 'control' regions, and differences in the quality of this interaction are a plausible source of individual differences in WM capacity. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the coupling between perceptual and attentional systems affects the quality of WM encoding. We combined fMRI connectivity analysis with behavioral modeling by fitting a variable precision and fixed capacity model to the performance data obtained while participants performed a visual delayed continuous response WM task. We quantified functional connectivity during WM encoding between occipital and parietal brain regions activated during both perception and WM encoding, as determined using a conjunction of two independent experiments. The multivariate pattern of voxel-wise inter-areal functional connectivity significantly predicted WM performance, most specifically the mean of WM precision but not the individual number of items that could be stored in memory. In particular, higher occipito-parietal connectivity was associated with higher behavioral mean precision. These results are consistent with a network perspective of WM capacity, suggesting that the efficiency of information flow between perceptual and attentional neural systems is a critical determinant of limitations in WM quality. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Estudo da curva de crescimento de animais da raça Guzerá e seus cruzamentos alimentados a pasto, com e sem suplementação: 2. Avaliação dos parâmetros da curva de crescimento

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Tedeschi Luís Orlindo

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho analisou os parâmetros da função não-linear de Gompertz para descrever o crescimento de machos e fêmeas da raça Guzerá e seus cruzamentos (3/4Guzerá - 1/4Pardo Suíço, 1/2Nelore - 1/4Pardo Suíço - 1/4Guzerá, 1/2Pardo Suíço-1/2Guzerá, 1/2Chianina - 1/4Pardo Suíço - 1/4Guzerá, 1/2Caracú - 1/2Guzerá, 1/2Caracú - 1/4Pardo Suíço - 1/4Guzerá submetidos a três níveis de suplementação (sem suplementação, suplementação durante o período seco e suplementação durante o ano todo, a fim de verificar as causas de variação nos parâmetros. Existiu interação positiva entre níveis de suplementação e grupo racial e entre grupo racial e sexo para peso adulto e taxa de maturidade. Notou-se também interação entre níveis de suplementação e sexo para a taxa de maturidade e para o parâmetro de integração. Observou-se efeito significativo apenas de grupo racial no parâmetro de integração. A suplementação apenas no período seco não alterou a estimativa do peso adulto. Quando os animais receberam suplementação mais energética, a taxa de maturidade foi aumentada. Os animais que receberam suplementação durante o ano todo apresentaram menor peso adulto e maior taxa de maturidade. As fêmeas prenhas obtiveram maior peso adulto e menor taxa de maturidade. Uma equação alométrica (r² = 0,68 foi derivada para predizer taxa de maturidade a partir do peso adulto.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress responses differ in meninges and associated vasculature, striatum, and parietal cortex after a neurotoxic amphetamine exposure.

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Thomas, Monzy; George, Nysia I; Saini, Upasana T; Patterson, Tucker A; Hanig, Joseph P; Bowyer, John F

2010-08-01

Amphetamine (AMPH) is used to treat attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders, but it can produce neurotoxicity and adverse vascular effects at high doses. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response (ERSR) entails the unfolded protein response, which helps to avoid or minimize ER dysfunction. ERSR is often associated with toxicities resulting from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins and has been associated with methamphetamine toxicity in the striatum. The present study evaluates the effect of AMPH on several ERSR elements in meninges and associated vasculature (MAV), parietal cortex, and striatum. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to saline, environmentally induced hyperthermia (EIH) or four consecutive doses of AMPH that produce hyperthermia. Expression changes (mRNA and protein levels) of key ERSR-related genes in MAV, striatum, and parietal cortex at 3 h or 1 day postdosing were monitored. AMPH increased the expression of some ERSR-related genes in all tissues. Atf4 (activating transcription factor 4, an indicator of Perk pathway activation), Hspa5/Grp78 (Glucose regulated protein 78, master regulator of ERSR), Pdia4 (protein disulfide isomerase, protein-folding enzyme), and Nfkb1 (nuclear factor of kappa b, ERSR sensor) mRNA increased significantly in MAV and parietal cortex 3 h after AMPH. In striatum, Atf4 and Hspa5/Grp78 mRNA significantly increased 3 h after AMPH, but Pdia4 and Nfkb11 did not. Thus, AMPH caused a robust activation of the Perk pathway in all tissues, but significant Ire1 pathway activation occurred only after AMPH treatment in the parietal cortex and striatum. Ddit3/Chop, a downstream effector of the ERSR pathway related to the neurotoxicity, was only increased in striatum and parietal cortex. Conversely, Pdia4, an enzyme protective in the ERSR, was only increased in MAV. The overall ERSR manifestation varied significantly between MAV, striatum, and parietal cortex after a neurotoxic exposure to AMPH.

Avaliação genética de indivíduos e progênies de cupuaçuzeiro no estado do Pará e estimativas de parâmetros genéticos Genetic evaluation of individuals and progenies of Theobroma grandiflorum in the state of Pará and estimates of genetic parameters

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Rafael Moysés Alves

2008-09-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho relata a avaliação genotípica de progênies de cupuaçuzeiro, no Estado do Pará, para os caracteres número de frutos (NF em quatro safras, intensidade de ocorrência de vassoura- de-bruxa na inflorescência (VBI e nos frutos (VBF, e peso de vassoura-de-bruxa (PVB. Apresenta também estimativas de parâmetros genéticos que permitem inferir sobre o controle genético e nível de variabilidade genética presente no material avaliado. Todos os caracteres apresentaram considerável variabilidade genética, com coeficientes de variação genética variando de 27% a 88% no âmbito de progênie e de 38% a 123% no âmbito individual. Isto revela excelentes possibilidades para a seleção nessa população experimental híbrida. As estimativas de herdabilidade individual no sentido restrito, em uma safra, variaram de 25% a 54%, e as repetibilidades individuais para NF equivaleram a 35%. Com as quatro safras realizadas, a herdabilidade em nível individual aumentou para 48%, propiciando acurácia seletiva de 70%, para a seleção de indivíduos. O ganho em eficiência, quando se usa mais de cinco safras, é praticamente desprezível. Para NF, ganhos acima de 60% podem ser obtidos com a seleção dos cinco melhores indivíduos. Poderão ser selecionados indivíduos com produção anual de 17 frutos, valor muito superior à média geral de 10 frutos, encontrada nos plantios comerciais. Verificam-se ganhos genéticos bastante superiores quando se faz a propagação clonal dos melhores indivíduos em relação ao que se verifica quando se realiza a propagação sexuada. Para o melhor indivíduo, o ganho genético aumenta de 75.5% para 88.3%, ou seja, de 17 para quase 19 frutos por planta. Isto revela um grande potencial para a clonagem comercial de cupuaçuzeiro. Para os caracteres VBI e VBF, verificaram-se altas herdabilidades individuais no sentido restrito com valores variando entre 30% e 54%. Isto revela o excelente potencial da

VALIDACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA PARA LA DETERMINACIÓN DE SB, AS, CD, CU, CR, HG, NI, PB Y ZN EN SEDIMENTOS POR ICO-MS

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Hermógenes Rosas Rodríguez

2004-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la validación de la técnica ICP-MS utilizada para la determinación de nueve elementos en sedimentos: Sb, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb y Zn. Para ello se llevó a cabo el estudio de los siguientes parámetros de fiabilidad: precisión, exactitud y límites de detección y cuantificación. Para el análisis de estos elementos se utilizó un ICP-MS ELAN 6000 de Perkin Elmer®. El estudio de los distintos parámetros de validación fue muy satisfactorio para la mayoría de los analitos, alcanzándose límites de detección y de cuantificación muy bajos (inferiores a 1microg/l e incluso de 1 ng/l para el Cd. El método ICP-MS es exacto y preciso, obteniéndose para la mayoría de los elementos coeficientes de variación en torno al 2% y porcentajes de recuperación del 100%.

Dietas larvais alternativas para criação massal da mosca da bicheira, Cochliomyia hominivorax

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Thiago Mastrangelo

2014-04-01

Full Text Available A criação massal da mosca da bicheira, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae, para programas que utilizam a Técnica do Inseto Estéril nas Américas faz parte de um dos maiores programas do mundo de criação de insetos em larga escala. A maior parte do custo e do trabalho necessários para a produção massal está relacionada com a dieta larval, o que torna importante o seu aprimoramento levando-se em conta sua eficiência, custo e praticidade. Neste trabalho, foram realizados dois bioensaios com dietas alternativas feitas a partir de produtos disponíveis no mercado brasileiro com o objetivo de avaliar a viabilidade e eficiência dessas dietas para criações de mosca da bicheira no Brasil. Foram testadas duas dietas líquidas (tendo como bulking agents bagaço de cana ou fibra de coco, uma de carne, e outra de gel. Os parâmetros biológicos (peso das larvas, viabilidade larval, peso de pupas, porcentagem de emergência de adultos e razão sexual estiveram, em todos os casos, dentro de parâmetros satisfatórios para a criação laboratorial de C. hominivorax e as dietas não diferiram estatisticamente entre si. Devido a vantagens importantes, como alta viabilidade larval e menor custo, recomenda-se a dieta de gel para as criações de larvas da mosca da bicheira no Brasil.

Control optimo de par para maquinas SynRM aplicadas a vehiculo electrico

OpenAIRE

Trancho, Elena; Ibarra, E.; Arias, A.; Kortabarria, I.

2017-01-01

Las maquinas de reluctancia sincrona asistidas por imanes estan atrayendo un considerable interes como alternativa a las maquinas sıncronas de imanes permanentes para su uso en sistemas de propulsion de vehıculos electricos. El control optimo de estas maquinas (incluyendo operacion en debilitamiento de campo) puede resultar complejo, ya que estas son, por lo general, muy sensibles al fenomeno de la saturacion magnetica. En este articulo se trata su control, desde los reguladores hasta el prec...

Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4): A Promising Target for Antiplatelet Therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Rwibasira Rudinga, Gamariel; Khan, Ghulam Jilany; Kong, Yi

2018-02-14

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently among the leading causes of death worldwide. Platelet aggregation is a key cellular component of arterial thrombi and major cause of CVDs. Protease-activated receptors (PARs), including PAR1, PAR2, PAR3 and PAR4, fall within a subfamily of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Human platelets express PAR1 and PAR4, which contribute to the signaling transduction processes. In association with CVDs, PAR4 not only contributes to platelet activation but also is a modulator of cellular responses that serve as hallmarks of inflammation. Although several antiplatelet drugs are available on the market, they have many side effects that limit their use. Emerging evidence shows that PAR4 targeting is a safer strategy for preventing thrombosis and consequently may improve the overall cardiac safety profile. Our present review summarizes the PAR4 structural characteristics, activation mechanism, role in the pathophysiology of diseases and understanding the association of PAR4 targeting for improved cardiac protection. Conclusively, this review highlights the importance of PAR4 antagonists and its potential utility in different CVDs.

Trabalhar para estudar/estudar para trabalhar: realidade e possibilidades

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Janes Teresinha fraga Siqueira

2011-01-01

Full Text Available O trabalho que apresentamos é parte da pesquisa, ainda não concluída, com os estudantes das licenciaturas e da pedagogia da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul- UNISC-RS-Brasil. Este está inserido na linha de pesquisa: educação, trabalho e emancipação do mestrado em educação desta Universidade. Queremos compreender, à luz do materialismo histórico e dialético e das categorias da crítica da economia política, os significados atribuídos pelos estudantes universitários ao fenômeno trabalho e estudo. É uma pesquisa preferentemente qualitativa de natureza dialética. Para Marx, a essência da realidade humana reside no trabalho, mas a fonte de toda a riqueza está na natureza. Logo trabalho, natureza e sociedade estão em relação dialética. Trabalho, portanto, é a ideia central articuladora, e natureza e sociedade devem ser estudadas em conexão com o trabalho. Marx trata o trabalho, no modo de produção capitalista, como um impedimento ao desenvolvimento humano. Propõe omesmo como um ato de criação e auto-expressão humana que não deve ter um valor. A compreensão dessa premissa é necessária para que os trabalhadores possam significar e ressignificar o trabalho para além da ideologia dominante. Algumas categorias aparecem como relevantes para a análise: condições de trabalho e de estudo, necessidade de formação, predominância do trabalho sobre o estudo, dificuldade deconciliar tempo de estudo e de trabalho. Na relação com o objeto de estudo, ressaltaremos a crise estrutural do capital, a desregulamentação das leis do trabalho e sua flexibilização e as contradições entre trabalho e estudo bem como quais possibilidades emancipatórias são visualizadas ou sonhadas pelos trabalhadores estudantes.Resume Ce travail constitue une partie de la recherche entreprise avec les étudiants du cours de pédagogie de l´Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul – UNISC – RS – Brésil. Il est intégré dans le champ de

ADAPTAÃÃO E VALIDAÃÃO DA ESCALA DE CONSUMO DE STATUS (SCS PARA USO NO CONTEXTE BRASILEIRO

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Francisco Aranha

2004-06-01

Full Text Available O Brasil tem se destacado no mercado dos bens de Iuxo, que tem no status um dos seus principais componentes. Este artigo relata a adaptação e validação, para usa no contexto brasileiro, de uma escala auto declarativa e concisa de medição de consumo de status, conhecida como SCS (Status Consumption Scale. Originalmente desenvolvida par Eastman (1999 nos Estados Unidos, a escala possibilita a utilização do conceito de status par pesquisadores e profissionais de marketing de forma mais precisa e sistemática. Para o processo de adaptação e validação, foram aplicados 385 questionários a estudantes de cursos de graduação na cidade de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram-se amplamente satisfat6riost confirmando a validade interna da escala e sua confiabilidade também para o caso de consumidores brasileiros.

Parâmetros cinéticos da degradação in vitro de alimentos incubados com inóculo microbiano de diferentes espécies de ruminantes Kinetic parameters of the ruminal in vitro degradation of feedstuffs given to different ruminant species

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A.R.G.F. Bezerra

2005-08-01

Full Text Available Parâmetros cinéticos da degradação ruminal de alguns alimentos utilizados para ruminantes de zoológicos foram estimados mediante incubação in vitro com líquido ruminal de audade (Ammotragus lervia, cervo sambar (Cervus unicolor, elande (Taurotragus oryx, bovino (Bos taurus, bubalino (Bubalus bubalis, caprino (Capra hircus e ovino (Ovis aries. Os parâmetros cinéticos foram estimados pela técnica da produção de gás, cujos dados foram ajustados pelos modelos de um e de duplo compartimento. Não foram detectadas diferenças nos parâmetros cinéticos que permitissem agrupar os alimentos (fibrosos × não fibrosos e os animais (domésticos × silvestres. O modelo de duplo compartimento foi o mais adequado para a estimação dos parâmetros cinéticos da degradação ruminal. Inóculo microbiano oriundo de ruminantes domésticos não é recomendado para estimar parâmetros cinéticos da degradação ruminal de alimentos utilizados para ruminantes silvestres de zoológicos.The estimation of the ruminal kinetic parameters of pumpkin, potato-sweet, beet, broccoli, carrot, alfalfa hay, alfalfa pellet and bean, currently used for feeding wild and domestic ruminants raised in the Rio de Janeiro Zoo, was made through in vitro incubation of the feedstuffs together with ruminal fluid obtained from aoudad (Ammotragus lervia, sambar deer (Cervus unicolor, eland (Taurotragus oryx, cattle (Bos taurus, buffalo (Bubalus bubalis, goat (Capra hircus and sheep (Ovis aries. The gas production technique was used to obtain gas profiles, and the data were fitted by the mono or double compartmental model. The kinetic parameters were discrepant among both, animals and feedstuffs, and the double compartmental model gave the best estimation. Ruminal inocula from domestic ruminants can not be used to estimate the kinetic parameters of ruminal degradation of feedstuffs for wild ruminants.

Parietal and occipital encephalocele in same child: A rarest variety of double encephalocele.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Somnath; Ojha, Bal Krishan; Chandra, Anil; Singh, Sunil Kumar; Srivastava, Chhitij

2016-05-01

An encephalocele is a protrusion of the brain and/or meninges through a defect in the skull. Based on the location of the skull defect they are classified into sincipital, basal, occipital or parietal varieties. Occurrence of more than one Encephalocele in a patient is very rare and very few cases of double encephalocele are reported. We report an interesting case where a parietal and an occipital encephalocele were present together. The patient was a 2 months boy who was brought to us with complaints of two swelling on the scalp since birth. Neuroimaging studies confirmed it to be a case of double encephalocele. The rarity of the findings prompted us to report this case. The presentation and management of the case along with and review of the relevant literature is presented. Copyright © 2016 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

EEG source reconstruction reveals frontal-parietal dynamics of spatial conflict processing.

Science.gov (United States)

Cohen, Michael X; Ridderinkhof, K Richard

2013-01-01

Cognitive control requires the suppression of distracting information in order to focus on task-relevant information. We applied EEG source reconstruction via time-frequency linear constrained minimum variance beamforming to help elucidate the neural mechanisms involved in spatial conflict processing. Human subjects performed a Simon task, in which conflict was induced by incongruence between spatial location and response hand. We found an early (∼200 ms post-stimulus) conflict modulation in stimulus-contralateral parietal gamma (30-50 Hz), followed by a later alpha-band (8-12 Hz) conflict modulation, suggesting an early detection of spatial conflict and inhibition of spatial location processing. Inter-regional connectivity analyses assessed via cross-frequency coupling of theta (4-8 Hz), alpha, and gamma power revealed conflict-induced shifts in cortical network interactions: Congruent trials (relative to incongruent trials) had stronger coupling between frontal theta and stimulus-contrahemifield parietal alpha/gamma power, whereas incongruent trials had increased theta coupling between medial frontal and lateral frontal regions. These findings shed new light into the large-scale network dynamics of spatial conflict processing, and how those networks are shaped by oscillatory interactions.

EEG source reconstruction reveals frontal-parietal dynamics of spatial conflict processing.

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Michael X Cohen

Full Text Available Cognitive control requires the suppression of distracting information in order to focus on task-relevant information. We applied EEG source reconstruction via time-frequency linear constrained minimum variance beamforming to help elucidate the neural mechanisms involved in spatial conflict processing. Human subjects performed a Simon task, in which conflict was induced by incongruence between spatial location and response hand. We found an early (∼200 ms post-stimulus conflict modulation in stimulus-contralateral parietal gamma (30-50 Hz, followed by a later alpha-band (8-12 Hz conflict modulation, suggesting an early detection of spatial conflict and inhibition of spatial location processing. Inter-regional connectivity analyses assessed via cross-frequency coupling of theta (4-8 Hz, alpha, and gamma power revealed conflict-induced shifts in cortical network interactions: Congruent trials (relative to incongruent trials had stronger coupling between frontal theta and stimulus-contrahemifield parietal alpha/gamma power, whereas incongruent trials had increased theta coupling between medial frontal and lateral frontal regions. These findings shed new light into the large-scale network dynamics of spatial conflict processing, and how those networks are shaped by oscillatory interactions.

EEG Source Reconstruction Reveals Frontal-Parietal Dynamics of Spatial Conflict Processing

Science.gov (United States)

Cohen, Michael X; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard

2013-01-01

Cognitive control requires the suppression of distracting information in order to focus on task-relevant information. We applied EEG source reconstruction via time-frequency linear constrained minimum variance beamforming to help elucidate the neural mechanisms involved in spatial conflict processing. Human subjects performed a Simon task, in which conflict was induced by incongruence between spatial location and response hand. We found an early (∼200 ms post-stimulus) conflict modulation in stimulus-contralateral parietal gamma (30–50 Hz), followed by a later alpha-band (8–12 Hz) conflict modulation, suggesting an early detection of spatial conflict and inhibition of spatial location processing. Inter-regional connectivity analyses assessed via cross-frequency coupling of theta (4–8 Hz), alpha, and gamma power revealed conflict-induced shifts in cortical network interactions: Congruent trials (relative to incongruent trials) had stronger coupling between frontal theta and stimulus-contrahemifield parietal alpha/gamma power, whereas incongruent trials had increased theta coupling between medial frontal and lateral frontal regions. These findings shed new light into the large-scale network dynamics of spatial conflict processing, and how those networks are shaped by oscillatory interactions. PMID:23451201

Parietal disruption alters audiovisual binding in the sound-induced flash illusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Kamke, Marc R; Vieth, Harrison E; Cottrell, David; Mattingley, Jason B

2012-09-01

Selective attention and multisensory integration are fundamental to perception, but little is known about whether, or under what circumstances, these processes interact to shape conscious awareness. Here, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate the causal role of attention-related brain networks in multisensory integration between visual and auditory stimuli in the sound-induced flash illusion. The flash illusion is a widely studied multisensory phenomenon in which a single flash of light is falsely perceived as multiple flashes in the presence of irrelevant sounds. We investigated the hypothesis that extrastriate regions involved in selective attention, specifically within the right parietal cortex, exert an influence on the multisensory integrative processes that cause the flash illusion. We found that disruption of the right angular gyrus, but not of the adjacent supramarginal gyrus or of a sensory control site, enhanced participants' veridical perception of the multisensory events, thereby reducing their susceptibility to the illusion. Our findings suggest that the same parietal networks that normally act to enhance perception of attended events also play a role in the binding of auditory and visual stimuli in the sound-induced flash illusion. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Acute parietal lobe infarction presenting as Gerstmann’s syndrome and cognitive decline mimicking senile dementia

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Chen TY

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Tien-Yu Chen,1 Chun-Yen Chen,1,3 Che-Hung Yen,2,3 Shin-Chang Kuo,1,3 Yi-Wei Yeh,1,3 Serena Chang,1 San-Yuan Huang1,31Department of Psychiatry, 2Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, 3Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of ChinaAbstract: Gerstmann’s syndrome encompasses the tetrad of finger agnosia, agraphia, acalculia, and right-left confusion. An elderly man with a history of several cardiovascular diseases was initially brought to the psychiatric outpatient department by his family because of worsening of recent memory, executive function, and mixed anxious-depressive mood. Gerstmann’s syndrome without obvious motor function impairment and dementia-like features could be observed at first. Emergent brain computed tomography scan revealed new left-middle cerebral artery infarction over the left posterior parietal lobe. This case reminds us that acute cerebral infarction involving the parietal lobe may present as Gerstmann’s syndrome accompanied by cognitive decline mimicking dementia. As a result, emergent organic workups should be arranged, especially for elderly patients at high risk for cerebral vascular accident.Keywords: Gerstmann’s syndrome, dementia, parietal lobe infarction

ANÁLISE DA FUNÇÃO LOG-LOGÍSTICA PARA MODELAGEM DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE DIÂMETROS1

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Daniel Henrique Breda Binoti

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a eficiência da função log-logística com dois e três parâmetros, γ = dapmin e truncada à direita para a descrição da estrutura diamétrica de povoamentos equiâneos, bem como ajustar um modelo de distribuição diamétrica utilizando as funções. A modelagem realizada pela função log-logística foi comparada com a modelagem realizada com a função Weibull. Para isso, utilizaram-se dados de parcelas permanentes de clones de Eucalyptus, mensuradas em seis ocasiões. A aderência das funções aos dados foi comprovada pela aplicação do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S. Os valores médios da estatística do teste K-S foram 0,0901; 0,0997; 0,1297; e 0,0616 para a função com 2P, 3P, α = dapmin e truncada à direita, respectivamente. Para a função Weibull, obteve-se a média de 0,0638 para a estatística do teste K-S. A função log-logística de dois parâmetros pode ser utilizada na modelagem da estrutura diamétrica de povoamentos de eucalipto.

Investigating the Functional Utility of the Left Parietal ERP Old/New Effect: Brain Activity Predicts within But Not between Participant Variance in Episodic Recollection

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Catherine A. MacLeod

2017-12-01

Full Text Available A success story within neuroimaging has been the discovery of distinct neural correlates of episodic retrieval, providing insight into the processes that support memory for past life events. Here we focus on one commonly reported neural correlate, the left parietal old/new effect, a positive going modulation seen in event-related potential (ERP data that is widely considered to index episodic recollection. Substantial evidence links changes in the size of the left parietal effect to changes in remembering, but the precise functional utility of the effect remains unclear. Here, using forced choice recognition of verbal stimuli, we present a novel population level test of the hypothesis that the magnitude of the left parietal effect correlates with memory performance. We recorded ERPs during old/new recognition, source accuracy and Remember/Know/Guess tasks in two large samples of healthy young adults, and successfully replicated existing within participant modulations of the magnitude of the left parietal effect with recollection. Critically, however, both datasets also show that across participants the magnitude of the left parietal effect does not correlate with behavioral measures of memory – including both subjective and objective estimates of recollection. We conclude that in these tasks, and across this healthy young adult population, the generators of the left parietal ERP effect do not index performance as expected. Taken together, these novel findings provide important constraints on the functional interpretation of the left parietal effect, suggesting that between group differences in the magnitude of old/new effects cannot always safely be used to infer differences in recollection.

Correlación entre algunos parámetros climáticos y la hora del día en Heredia, Costa Rica.

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Jaime Wright

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Se midieron las radiaciones solar global, infrarroja y ultravioleta, la presión atmosférica, la temperatura del aire, la humedad relativa y la velocidad del viento en Heredia, Costa Rica (latitud 10° 02’ N, longitud 84° 09’ W, altitud 1050 m durante el período de enero 1996 a diciembre 1997, y se correlacionaron con el tiempo local. Este trabajo contribuirá al desarrollo de un modelo para derivar parámetros climáticos a partir de la hora del día. Correlaciones entre parámetros climáticos y el mes del año han sido desarrolladas en investigaciones anteriores. Análisis de regresión entre valores horarios medios mensuales de los parámetros climáticos y el tiempo local mostraron una relación cúbica como mejor método de ajuste. Las observaciones experimentales presentadas en este estudio son consistentes con los esperados procesos físicos conocidos.

Identificación de marcadores microsatelites para el estudio de la diversidad genética de Taenia solium

OpenAIRE

Eguiluz Moya, María Lisseth

2014-01-01

La diversidad genética en parásitos está orientada hacia el esclarecimiento de la epidemiología y transmisión de las enfermedades. Muchos aspectos de la variación genética de Taenia solium se mantienen aún desconocidos. El estudio de la variación genética de este parásito permitiría comprender las diferencias observadas en la infectividad, patogenicidad y respuesta al tratamiento contra la neurocisticercosis. El polimorfismo de los loci microsatélites es un método utilizado ampliamente para e...

Pneumothorax simulated by detachment of parietal pleura associated with pneumomediastinum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rozeik, C.; Kotterer, O.; Deininger, H.K.

1994-01-01

We report a case of blunt chest trauma, where findings on repeated conventional chest radiographs were compatible with pneumothorax developing after 2 days of mechanical high-pressure ventilation. CT showed that the appearance was due to a detachment of the parietal pleura along the lateral, mediastinal and diaphragmatic boundaries of the lungs, imitating a pneumothorax. The case report illustrates the key role of CT in the differential diagnosis of epipleural interstitial air collection versus pneumothorax. (orig./MG)

Pneumothorax simulated by detachment of parietal pleura associated with pneumomediastinum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rozeik, C. [Radiologie 1, Staedtische Kliniken Darmstadt (Germany); Kotterer, O. [Radiologie 1, Staedtische Kliniken Darmstadt (Germany); Deininger, H.K. [Radiologie 1, Staedtische Kliniken Darmstadt (Germany)

1994-10-01

We report a case of blunt chest trauma, where findings on repeated conventional chest radiographs were compatible with pneumothorax developing after 2 days of mechanical high-pressure ventilation. CT showed that the appearance was due to a detachment of the parietal pleura along the lateral, mediastinal and diaphragmatic boundaries of the lungs, imitating a pneumothorax. The case report illustrates the key role of CT in the differential diagnosis of epipleural interstitial air collection versus pneumothorax. (orig./MG)

Análisis del potencial energético solar en la Región Caribe para el diseño de un sistema fotovoltaico

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Adalberto José Ospino Castro

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La utilización de los rayos solares para la generación de energía eléctrica se ha incrementando en los últimos años, debido principalmente al cambio climático, por tanto es importante demostrar que para la región Caribe existe potencial energético derivado del aprovechamiento de la radiación solar para la utilización de sistemas renovables de energía. Para el proyecto se toma como muestra para el estudio del potencial energético el departamento del Atlántico basado en los mapas de radiación solar de Colombia diseñados por el IDEAM, ya que los mismos permiten obtener parámetros de construcción, y viabilidad técnica. Como resultado se obtiene una metodología que permite establecer los parámetros a tener en cuenta para el desarrollo de los sistemas renovables fotovoltaicos y se realiza a futuro el estudio de viabilidad técnico-económico de implementación de estos sistemas seleccionando el área adecuada obteniendo la tecnología adecuada a las condiciones de la región.

PAR1 activation affects the neurotrophic properties of Schwann cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Pompili, Elena; Fabrizi, Cinzia; Somma, Francesca; Correani, Virginia; Maras, Bruno; Schininà, Maria Eugenia; Ciraci, Viviana; Artico, Marco; Fornai, Francesco; Fumagalli, Lorenzo

2017-03-01

Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is the prototypic member of a family of four G-protein-coupled receptors that signal in response to extracellular proteases. In the peripheral nervous system, the expression and/or the role of PARs are still poorly investigated. High PAR1 mRNA expression was found in the rat dorsal root ganglia and the signal intensity of PAR1 mRNA increased in response to sciatic nerve transection. In the sciatic nerve, functional PAR1 receptor was reported at the level of non-compacted Schwann cell myelin microvilli of the nodes of Ranvier. Schwann cells are the principal population of glial cells of the peripheral nervous system which myelinate axons playing an important role during axonal regeneration and remyelination. The present study was undertaken in order to determine if the activation of PAR1 affects the neurotrophic properties of Schwann cells. Our results suggest that the stimulation of PAR1 could potentiate the Schwann cell ability to favour nerve regeneration. In fact, the conditioned medium obtained from Schwann cell cultures challenged with a specific PAR1 activating peptide (PAR1 AP) displays increased neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties with respect to the culture medium from untreated Schwann cells. The proteomic analysis of secreted proteins in untreated and PAR1 AP-treated Schwann cells allowed the identification of factors differentially expressed in the two samples. Some of them (such as macrophage migration inhibitory factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, decorin, syndecan 4, complement C1r subcomponent, angiogenic factor with G patch and FHA domains 1) appear to be transcriptionally regulated after PAR1 AP treatment as shown by RT-PCR. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Protease-Activated Receptor 4 (PAR4: A Promising Target for Antiplatelet Therapy

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Gamariel Rwibasira Rudinga

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs are currently among the leading causes of death worldwide. Platelet aggregation is a key cellular component of arterial thrombi and major cause of CVDs. Protease-activated receptors (PARs, including PAR1, PAR2, PAR3 and PAR4, fall within a subfamily of seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR. Human platelets express PAR1 and PAR4, which contribute to the signaling transduction processes. In association with CVDs, PAR4 not only contributes to platelet activation but also is a modulator of cellular responses that serve as hallmarks of inflammation. Although several antiplatelet drugs are available on the market, they have many side effects that limit their use. Emerging evidence shows that PAR4 targeting is a safer strategy for preventing thrombosis and consequently may improve the overall cardiac safety profile. Our present review summarizes the PAR4 structural characteristics, activation mechanism, role in the pathophysiology of diseases and understanding the association of PAR4 targeting for improved cardiac protection. Conclusively, this review highlights the importance of PAR4 antagonists and its potential utility in different CVDs.

Influência dos parâmetros de configuração do modelo CALMET sobre a simulação da circulação atmosférica na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro

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Luiz Claudio Gomes Pimentel

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse estudo é a analise dos efeitos dos parâmetros de configuração do modelo CALMET sobre a simulação da circulação atmosférica em superfície nas Bacias Aéreas I e III da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ. O estudo foi realizado para um período em que a RMRJ estava sob a atuação de um sistema de alta pressão, que não influenciou significativamente as circulações locais na região. A análise conjunta dos resultados indica que a melhor configuração para simulações do campo de vento na RMRJ com o sistema combinado de modelagem MM5/CALMET é obtida utilizando o valor de 10 km para o parâmetro TERRAD e Raio de Influência entre 7 e 10 km.

Conformação de úbere de caprinos da raça Saanen: parâmetros estéticos ou funcionais?

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D. S. Santos

2015-10-01

Full Text Available RESUMODiversos fatores predisponentes são descritos para as afecções mamárias ou distúrbios secundários que comprometem a qualidade e produtividade de leite de fêmeas nas diferentes espécies. As características fenotípicas do úbere são consideradas na avaliação econômica de uma fêmea caprina, tanto pelo potencial de produção como pelo registro genealógico dessa fêmea. A limitação de estudos correlacionando essas características com a saúde do úbere gera a dúvida a respeito do significado da conformação do mesmo à saúde e produtividade da glândula mamária. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo relacionar os parâmetros da conformação do úbere com a celularidade da glândula mamária aferida pelo teste California Mastitis Test (CMT e contagem de células somáticas (CCS em 80 cabras da raça Saanen sem alterações no exame clínico da glândula mamária nem no teste de Tamis. Observou-se que a maioria dos parâmetros fenotípicos de úbere não influenciou a CCS, sendo considerados puramente estéticos. A circunferência e profundidade de úbere demonstraram correlação negativa com a celularidade e, por serem características de herdabilidade moderada a alta, podem ser parâmetros considerados para seleção genética de caprinos.

Estimaciones de funciones de Engel para electricidad residencial

OpenAIRE

Kozak, Eduardo

1991-01-01

El trabajo analiza los determinantes microeconómicos del consumo de electricidad por parte de las familias. En base a la información disponible de una reciente encuesta de presupuestos familiares, se estima la correspondiente curva de Engel. Se investiga el efecto de cambio en el nivel de ingresos y de las características socioeconómicas de los hogares sobre el consumo familiar. Se estima, asimismo, una función consumo-ingreso utilizada luego como variable instrumental para obtener los paráme...

Posterior parietal cortex mediates encoding and maintenance processes in change blindness.

Science.gov (United States)

Tseng, Philip; Hsu, Tzu-Yu; Muggleton, Neil G; Tzeng, Ovid J L; Hung, Daisy L; Juan, Chi-Hung

2010-03-01

It is commonly accepted that right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays an important role in updating spatial representations, directing visuospatial attention, and planning actions. However, recent studies suggest that right PPC may also be involved in processes that are more closely associated with our visual awareness as its activation level positively correlates with successful conscious change detection (Beck, D.M., Rees, G., Frith, C.D., & Lavie, N. (2001). Neural correlates of change detection and change blindness. Nature Neuroscience, 4, 645-650.). Furthermore, disruption of its activity increases the occurrences of change blindness, thus suggesting a causal role for right PPC in change detection (Beck, D.M., Muggleton, N., Walsh, V., & Lavie, N. (2006). Right parietal cortex plays a critical role in change blindness. Cerebral Cortex, 16, 712-717.). In the context of a 1-shot change detection paradigm, we applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during different time intervals to elucidate the temporally precise involvement of PPC in change detection. While subjects attempted to detect changes between two image sets separated by a brief time interval, TMS was applied either during the presentation of picture 1 when subjects were encoding and maintaining information into visual short-term memory, or picture 2 when subjects were retrieving information relating to picture 1 and comparing it to picture 2. Our results show that change blindness occurred more often when TMS was applied during the viewing of picture 1, which implies that right PPC plays a crucial role in the processes of encoding and maintaining information in visual short-term memory. In addition, since our stimuli did not involve changes in spatial locations, our findings also support previous studies suggesting that PPC may be involved in the processes of encoding non-spatial visual information (Todd, J.J. & Marois, R. (2004). Capacity limit of visual short-term memory in human

Dinâmica espacial dos parâmetros físicos e químicos da água em viveiros de piscicultura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Mário Lopes da Rocha

2017-07-01

Full Text Available O Brasil apresenta características que podem fazer do seu território o grande celeiro mundial para produção de organismos piscícolas cultivados. No entanto, para isso, é fundamental estudar os parâmetros físico e químico da água das áreas de cultivo, para que se possam buscar estratégias para evitar erros de manejos. Com isso, objetivou-se avaliar a dinâmica espacial dos parâmetros físicos e químicos da água de viveiros de piscicultura e sua relação de dependência. O estudo foi realizado em um viveiro escavado em terreno natural, localizado em uma propriedade, adjacente à fazenda experimental da escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, da Universidade Federal do Tocantins, no município de Araguaína. Os pontos para coleta no grid foram obtidos através de GPS, considerando as dimensões da área total. Em cada ponto georreferenciado, foram realizadas coletas em duas profundidades diferentes, uma a 20 cm da superfície da água (profundidade 1, e outra a 20 cm do fundo do tanque (profundidade 2, totalizando 108 amostras. Ocorreu grande variabilidade entre as profundidades para maioria das variáveis. Na estatística descritiva foi observado coeficiente de variação de grau moderado apenas para oxigênio dissolvido. Na análise dos semivariogramas, apenas a variável condutividade elétrica demonstrou efeito pepita puro. Foi verificada dependência espacial entre as variáveis estudadas nas duas profundidades. Através da geoestatística, foi possível evidenciar alteração na distribuição espacial dos parâmetros físicos e químicos: oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura da água e pH, mas não foi útil para condutividade elétrica, dada sua baixa variabilidade espacial. Os parâmetros físicos e químicos da água dos tanques de piscicultura são influenciados pelas práticas de manejo, sendo facilmente detectado através dos mapas de isolinhas.Spatial dynamics of the physical and chemical parameters of water in fish

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