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Sample records for outcome solo taxonomy

  1. The structure of observed learning outcome (SOLO) taxonomy: a model to promote dental students' learning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lucander, H; Bondemark, L; Brown, G; Knutsson, K

    2010-08-01

    Selective memorising of isolated facts or reproducing what is thought to be required - the surface approach to learning - is not the desired outcome for a dental student or a dentist in practice. The preferred outcome is a deep approach as defined by an intention to seek understanding, develop expertise and relate information and knowledge into a coherent whole. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the structure of observed learning outcome (SOLO) taxonomy could be used as a model to assist and promote the dental students to develop a deep approach to learning assessed as learning outcomes in a summative assessment. Thirty-two students, participating in course eight in 2007 at the Faculty of Odontology at Malmö University, were introduced to the SOLO taxonomy and constituted the test group. The control group consisted of 35 students participating in course eight in 2006. The effect of the introduction was measured by evaluating responses to a question in the summative assessment by using the SOLO taxonomy. The evaluators consisted of two teachers who performed the assessment of learning outcomes independently and separately on the coded material. The SOLO taxonomy as a model for learning was found to improve the quality of learning. Compared to the control group significantly more strings and structured relations between these strings were present in the test group after the SOLO taxonomy had been introduced (P SOLO taxonomy is recommended as a model for promoting and developing a deeper approach to learning in dentistry.

  2. Constructive Alignment and the SOLO Taxonomy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brabrand, Claus; Dahl, Bettina

    2008-01-01

    the science faculties at University of Aarhus, Denmark (AU) and the University of Southern Denmark (SDU) that had been rewritten to explicitly incorporate course objectives, interpreted as intended learning outcomes (ILOs), using the principles of Constructive Alignment and the SOLO Taxonomy. In this paper we...

  3. Constructive Alignment and the SOLO Taxonomy:

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brabrand, Claus; Dahl, Bettina

    2008-01-01

    explain and discuss these principles, give examples of how the new syllabi were constructed, and describe the process by which they were formed. We also explain and discuss the results of a comparative study comparing the competences of Computer Science with those of Mathematics (and classical Natural...... the science faculties at University of Aarhus, Denmark (AU) and the University of Southern Denmark (SDU) that had been rewritten to explicitly incorporate course objectives, interpreted as intended learning outcomes (ILOs), using the principles of Constructive Alignment and the SOLO Taxonomy. In this paper we...

  4. Transforming Taxonomies into Rubrics: Using SOLO in Social Science and Inclusive Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rembach, Lauren; Dison, Laura

    2016-01-01

    Designing assessment rubrics has become an important pedagogical practice for lecturers in the Wits School of Education (WsoE) in the recognition of writing as a valuable tool for teaching and learning across disciplines. This paper describes and reflects on the process of adapting the SOLO taxonomy (Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes)…

  5. Towards a Model of School-Based Curriculum Development and Assessment Using the SOLO Taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Biggs, John

    1989-01-01

    One factor preventing the wider acceptance of school-based curriculum development and assessment is the problem of comparing performances of different students, in different schools. The SOLO taxonomy is used to describe the complexity of learning outcomes in a language that is generally applicable across the curriculum. (Author/MLW)

  6. Comparison of case-based and lecture-based learning in dental education using the SOLO taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ilgüy, Mehmet; Ilgüy, Dilhan; Fişekçioğlu, Erdoğan; Oktay, Inci

    2014-11-01

    The aim of this study was to compare the impact of case-based learning (CBL) and lecture-based learning (LBL) on fourth-year dental students' clinical decision making by using the Structure of Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO) taxonomy. Participants in the study were fourth-year dental students (n=55) in academic year 2012-13 taught in a large-group LBL context and fourth-year dental students (n=54) in academic year 2013-14 taught with the CBL methodology; both took place in the oral diseases course at Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey. All eligible students participated, for a 100 percent response rate. A real case was presented to the students in both groups to assess their clinical decision making on the topic of oral diseases. Their performance was evaluated with the SOLO taxonomy. Student t-test was used for statistical evaluation, and significance was set at the pSOLO taxonomy than students taught with LBL. These findings suggest that an integrated case-based curriculum may be effective in promoting students' deep learning and it holds promise for better integration of clinical cases likely to be encountered during independent practice.

  7. The Community of Inquiry Framework Meets the SOLO Taxonomy: A Process-Product Model of Online Learning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shea, Peter; Gozza-Cohen, Mary; Uzuner, Sedef; Mehta, Ruchi; Valtcheva, Anna Valentinova; Hayes, Suzanne; Vickers, Jason

    2011-01-01

    This paper presents both a conceptual and empirical investigation of teaching and learning in online courses. Employing both the Community of Inquiry framework (CoI) and the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy, two complete online courses were examined for the quality of both collaborative learning processes and learning…

  8. Academicians and Neurologic Physical Therapy Residents Partner to Expand Clinical Reflection Using the SOLO Taxonomy: A Novel Approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinto Zipp, Genevieve; Maher, Catherine; Donnelly, Erin; Fritz, Brian; Snowdon, Lauren

    2016-01-01

    Creating curriculums that develop physical therapy (PT) students into evidenced-based, critically reflective, entry-level practitioners is one of the primary goals for PT programs. Academic faculty partnering with neurologic residency programs to design learning environments that capitalize upon the strengths of both can create insightful educational experiences for students during their didactic training. These partnerships support the development of critical thinking skills and provide mentorship for residents transitioning from their role as a clinician to that of an educator. Using the SOLO (structure of observed learning outcomes) taxonomy as a framework for developing learning experiences, Seton Hall University neurologic academic faculty and program directors from the Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation Residency in Neurologic Physical Therapy have built a partnership that seeks to develop critical reflection skills in both the neurologic resident and entry-level PT students. While integration of residents into entry-level PT curriculum may not be novel, we believe that utilizing the SOLO model within this partnership is unique. This paper describes the partnership and learning experiences rooted in the SOLO taxonomy theoretical framework and discusses perceived benefits of this learning experience across professional health science programs.

  9. TEACHERS PERCEPTIONS OF CLASSROOM PRACTICES BASED ON SOLO TAXONOMY IN SECONDARY SCHOOL SYSTEM

    OpenAIRE

    P. H. Kusumawathie; Norhisham Mohamad; Ferdous Azam

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the conceptual awareness of accounting teachers in their teaching learning process based on SOLO Taxonomy curriculum approach in secondary level schools. Further, the study explored the relationship between the curriculum development inputs and the SOLO based curriculum development process. The curriculum development inputs are teacher effectiveness, school community, school environment and technology availability. Method: Data was collected th...

  10. Examination of the Compatibility of the Questions Used by Social Studies Teachers in the Class with the Program Achievements According to the SOLO Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Keskin, Yusuf; Keskin, Sevgi C.; Kirtel, Aysegül

    2016-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to examine the compatibility of the questions used by the social studies branch teachers in the level of 6th and 7th grade with the achievements included in the teaching program. Structure of observed learning outcome (SOLO) taxonomy, which was presented by Biggs and Colis (1982) as an alternative to Bloom's cognitive…

  11. CURRICULUM POLICY MAKERS PERCEPTIONS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS BASED ON SOLO TAXONOMY IN SECONDARY LEVEL SCHOOLS IN SRI LANKA

    OpenAIRE

    P. H. Kusumawathie; Norhisham Mohamad; Ferdous Azam

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the conceptual awareness of curriculum policy makers on curriculum development process based on SOLO Taxonomy curriculum approach in secondary level schools. Further, the study explored the relationship between the curriculum development inputs and the SOLO based curriculum development process. The curriculum development inputs are teacher effectiveness, school community, school environment and technology availability. Method: Data was collecte...

  12. The Analysis of Elementary Mathematics Preservice Teachers' Spatial Orientation Skills with SOLO Model

    Science.gov (United States)

    Özdemir, Ahmet Sükrü; Göktepe Yildiz, Sevda

    2015-01-01

    Problem Statement: The SOLO model places responses provided by students on a certain level instead of placing students there themselves. SOLO taxonomy, including five sub-levels, is used for determining observed structures of learning outcomes in various disciplines and grade levels. On the other hand, the spatial orientation skill is the ability…

  13. Primary healthcare solo practices: homogeneous or heterogeneous?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pineault, Raynald; Borgès Da Silva, Roxane; Provost, Sylvie; Beaulieu, Marie-Dominique; Boivin, Antoine; Couture, Audrey; Prud'homme, Alexandre

    2014-01-01

    Introduction. Solo practices have generally been viewed as forming a homogeneous group. However, they may differ on many characteristics. The objective of this paper is to identify different forms of solo practice and to determine the extent to which they are associated with patient experience of care. Methods. Two surveys were carried out in two regions of Quebec in 2010: a telephone survey of 9180 respondents from the general population and a postal survey of 606 primary healthcare (PHC) practices. Data from the two surveys were linked through the respondent's usual source of care. A taxonomy of solo practices was constructed (n = 213), using cluster analysis techniques. Bivariate and multilevel analyses were used to determine the relationship of the taxonomy with patient experience of care. Results. Four models were derived from the taxonomy. Practices in the "resourceful networked" model contrast with those of the "resourceless isolated" model to the extent that the experience of care reported by their patients is more favorable. Conclusion. Solo practice is not a homogeneous group. The four models identified have different organizational features and their patients' experience of care also differs. Some models seem to offer a better organizational potential in the context of current reforms.

  14. How to Analyze the Students’ Thinking Levels Based on SOLO Taxonomy?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Putri, U. H.; Mardiyana, M.; Saputro, D. R. S.

    2017-09-01

    This study aims to determine the extent to which the students ‘thinking level based on SOLO taxonomy in geometry learning viewed from students’ self efficacy (SE). This research utilizes descriptive research with qualitative approach. The data was collected by giving SE questionnaires to 32 students of grade VIII Junior High School which were then categorized into three (high, medium, and low). The subjects of the study were taken by one student in each SE category (high, medium, and low) which then given the problem solving test and the result was triangulated by interview. From this research, it is found that students with high SE can achieve uniructural-relational thinking level, subject with medium SE can be reach the level of unistructural-multistructural thinking, and subject with low SE able to reach unistructural-pristructural level. By paying attention to SE in learning, especially in problem solving process, it is expected that the educator can prepare the learning as well as possible so as to obtain optimal learning achievement.

  15. A Comparative Study to Evaluate the Educational Impact of E-Learning Tools on Griffith University Pharmacy Students’ Level of Understanding Using Bloom’s and SOLO Taxonomies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdullah Karaksha

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Objectives. To design a series of e-learning tools within the framework of a defined educational pedagogy to complement the conventional pharmacology curriculum at Griffith University and evaluate the impact of this strategy on student level of understanding through taxonomic classification of student final exam answers. Methods. A series of 148 e-learning tools was designed for 3rd year undergraduate pharmacy students and incorporated into their curriculum during 2012. The educational benefits of the e-learning tools were evaluated by analyses of student level of understanding (by SOLO taxonomy at the final exams between the control group (standard curricula in 2011 and the intervention group (standard curricula + e-learning tools in 2012. Results. Backward linear regression analysis demonstrated GPA to be the most significant predictor of level of understanding, while the intervention group was a highly significant predictor for greater level of understanding in semester two. Conclusion. E-learning tools appeared to significantly improve student level of understanding as scored by the SOLO taxonomy when students engaged highly with the tools.

  16. Offending, Adjudication, and Outcome Patterns of Solo Male, Solo Female, and Partnered Mass Murderers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gurian, Elizabeth A

    2018-05-01

    Research on mass murder is limited due to differences in definitions (particularly with respect to victim count), as well as categorizations based on motive. These limitations restrict our understanding of the offending, adjudication, and outcome patterns of these offenders and can obscure potential underlying similarities to comparable types of offenders (e.g., lone actors or terrorists). To address some of these limitations, this research study, which includes an international sample of 434 cases (455 total offenders), uses descriptive and empirical analyses of solo male, solo female, and partnered mass murderers (teams of two or more) to explore offending, adjudication, and outcome patterns among these different types offenders. While the results from this research study support much previous mass murder research, the findings also emphasize the importance of large international sample sizes, objective categorizations, and the use of empirically based analyses to further advance our understanding of these offenders.

  17. Analysis of Attainments and Evaluation Questions in Sociology Curriculum According to the SOLO Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korkmaz, Fahrettin; Unsal, Serkan

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: This research aims at analyzing the attainments identified in the sociology curriculum for 11th grade implemented by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) in 2010, and the evaluation questions in the sociology textbook which was taught in the 2016-2017 academic year, based on the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO)…

  18. Research and Teaching: Blooming, SOLO Taxonomy, and Phenomenography as Assessment Strategies in Undergraduate Science Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Newton, Genevieve; Martin, Elizabeth

    2013-01-01

    Three alternative approaches to assessment of exam responses were applied in an undergraduate biochemistry course. First, phenomenography was used to categorize written exam responses into an inclusive hierarchy. Second, responses to the same question were similarly categorized according to the Structure of Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO)…

  19. Conception of Learning Outcomes in the Bloom's Taxonomy Affective Domain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Savickiene, Izabela

    2010-01-01

    The article raises a problematic issue regarding an insufficient base of the conception of learning outcomes in the Bloom's taxonomy affective domain. The search for solutions introduces the conception of teaching and learning in the affective domain as well as presents validity criteria of learning outcomes in the affective domain. The…

  20. A new taxonomy for stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Concannon, Thomas W; Meissner, Paul; Grunbaum, Jo Anne; McElwee, Newell; Guise, Jeanne-Marie; Santa, John; Conway, Patrick H; Daudelin, Denise; Morrato, Elaine H; Leslie, Laurel K

    2012-08-01

    Despite widespread agreement that stakeholder engagement is needed in patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR), no taxonomy exists to guide researchers and policy makers on how to address this need. We followed an iterative process, including several stages of stakeholder review, to address three questions: (1) Who are the stakeholders in PCOR? (2) What roles and responsibilities can stakeholders have in PCOR? (3) How can researchers start engaging stakeholders? We introduce a flexible taxonomy called the 7Ps of Stakeholder Engagement and Six Stages of Research for identifying stakeholders and developing engagement strategies across the full spectrum of research activities. The path toward engagement will not be uniform across every research program, but this taxonomy offers a common starting point and a flexible approach.

  1. Analysing learning outcomes in an Electrical Engineering curriculum using illustrative verbs derived from Bloom's Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meda, Lawrence; Swart, Arthur James

    2018-05-01

    Learning outcomes are essential to any curriculum in education, where they need to be clear, observable and measurable. However, some academics structure learning outcomes in a way that does not promote student learning. The purpose of this article is to present the analyses of learning outcomes of an Electrical Engineering curriculum offered at a University of Technology in South Africa, in order to determine if academics are structuring them in a way that enables student learning. A qualitative case study is used where the learning outcomes from 33 study guides are reviewed using illustrative verbs derived from Bloom's Taxonomy. Results indicate that 9% of all the learning outcomes are unclear, 10% are unobservable and 23% are unmeasurable. A key recommendation is to provide regular workshops to assist academics in reviewing their learning outcomes using the illustrative verbs derived from Bloom's Taxonomy, thereby ensuring that their learning outcomes promote student learning.

  2. DNA barcodes for soil animal taxonomy Código de barras de DNA para a taxonomia de animais do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodolphe Rougerie

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available The biodiversity of soil communities remains very poorly known and understood. Soil biological sciences are strongly affected by the taxonomic crisis, and most groups of animals in that biota suffer from a strong taxonomic impediment. The objective of this work was to investigate how DNA barcoding - a novel method using a microgenomic tag for species identification and discrimination - permits better evaluation of the taxonomy of soil biota. A total of 1,152 barcode sequences were analyzed for two major groups of animals, collembolans and earthworms, which presented broad taxonomic and geographic sampling. Besides strongly reflecting the taxonomic impediment for both groups, with a large number of species-level divergent lineages remaining unnamed so far, the results also highlight a high level (15% of cryptic diversity within known species of both earthworms and collembolans. These results are supportive of recent local studies using a similar approach. Within an impeded taxonomic system for soil animals, DNA-assisted identification tools can facilitate and improve biodiversity exploration and description. DNA-barcoding campaigns are rapidly developing in soil animals and the community of soil biologists is urged to embrace these methods.A biodiversidade das comunidades do solo continua muito pouco conhecida e entendida. A biologia do solo é fortemente afetada pela crise taxonômica, e a maior parte dos grupos de animais dessa biota sofre forte impedimento taxonômico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar como o código de barras de DNA - um método novo que usa uma etiqueta microgenômica para identificação e discriminação de espécies - permite uma melhor avaliação da taxonomia da biota edáfica. Foram analisadas 1.152 sequências de códigos de barras de dois grupos principais de animais, colêmbolos e minhocas, que apresentaram ampla amostragem taxonômica e geográfica. Além de refletir fortemente o impedimento taxonômico de

  3. Taxonomy Icon Data: [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Phaeodactylum tricornutum Phaeodactylum_tricornutum_L.png Phaeodactylum_tricornutum..._NL.png Phaeodactylum_tricornutum_S.png Phaeodactylum_tricornutum_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_ic...on/icon.cgi?i=Phaeodactylum+tricornutum&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Phaeodactylum+tricorn...utum&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Phaeodactylum+tricorn...utum&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Phaeodactylum+tricornutum&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=213 ...

  4. Taxonomy Icon Data: Planaria [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Planaria Dugesia japonica Platyhelminthes Dugesia_japonica_L.png Dugesia_japonica_NL.png Dugesia_jap...onica_S.png Dugesia_japonica_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Dugesia+jap...onica&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Dugesia+japonica&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.j...p/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Dugesia+japonica&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_...icon/icon.cgi?i=Dugesia+japonica&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=124 ...

  5. Taxonomy Icon Data: [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Amborella trichopoda Amborella_trichopoda_L.png Amborella_trichopoda_NL.png Amborella..._trichopoda_S.png Amborella_trichopoda_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Amborella+t...richopoda&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Amborella+trichopoda&t=NL http://biosciencedb...c.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Amborella+trichopoda&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/ta...xonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Amborella+trichopoda&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=13 ...

  6. Fasilitas Wisata Kuliner Solo di Solo Baru

    OpenAIRE

    Oetomo, Anthony

    2014-01-01

    Fasilitas Wisata Kuliner Solo di Solo Baru” ini merupakan fasilitas yang memberikan wadah bagi berbagai macam kuliner yang terdapat di kota Solo. Dengan demikian tempat ini akan menjadi tujuan wisata kuliner bagi masyarakat di Solo maupun dari luar Solo untuk menikmati dan memperkenalkan berbagai macam kuliner yang ada kepada masyarakat, dan menyediakan fasilitas bagi para wisatawan yang hanya memiliki waktu terbatas untuk menikmati berbagai macam kuliner Solo. Proyek ini menyediakan galeri d...

  7. Computational Exploration of Putative LuxR Solos in Archaea and Their Functional Implications in Quorum Sensing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rajput, Akanksha; Kumar, Manoj

    2017-01-01

    LuxR solos are unexplored in Archaea, despite their vital role in the bacterial regulatory network. They assist bacteria in perceiving acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) and/or non-AHLs signaling molecules for establishing intraspecies, interspecies, and interkingdom communication. In this study, we explored the potential LuxR solos of Archaea from InterPro v62.0 meta-database employing taxonomic, probable function, distribution, and evolutionary aspects to decipher their role in quorum sensing (QS). Our bioinformatics analyses showed that putative LuxR solos of Archaea shared few conserved domains with bacterial LuxR despite having less similarity within proteins. Functional characterization revealed their ability to bind various AHLs and/or non-AHLs signaling molecules that involve in QS cascades alike bacteria. Further, the phylogenetic study indicates that Archaeal LuxR solos (with less substitution per site) evolved divergently from bacteria and share distant homology along with instances of horizontal gene transfer. Moreover, Archaea possessing putative LuxR solos, exhibit the correlation between taxonomy and ecological niche despite being the inhabitant of diverse habitats like halophilic, thermophilic, barophilic, methanogenic, and chemolithotrophic. Therefore, this study would shed light in deciphering the role of the putative LuxR solos of Archaea to adapt varied habitats via multilevel communication with other organisms using QS. PMID:28515720

  8. Computational Exploration of Putative LuxR Solos in Archaea and Their Functional Implications in Quorum Sensing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Akanksha Rajput

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available LuxR solos are unexplored in Archaea, despite their vital role in the bacterial regulatory network. They assist bacteria in perceiving acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs and/or non-AHLs signaling molecules for establishing intraspecies, interspecies, and interkingdom communication. In this study, we explored the potential LuxR solos of Archaea from InterPro v62.0 meta-database employing taxonomic, probable function, distribution, and evolutionary aspects to decipher their role in quorum sensing (QS. Our bioinformatics analyses showed that putative LuxR solos of Archaea shared few conserved domains with bacterial LuxR despite having less similarity within proteins. Functional characterization revealed their ability to bind various AHLs and/or non-AHLs signaling molecules that involve in QS cascades alike bacteria. Further, the phylogenetic study indicates that Archaeal LuxR solos (with less substitution per site evolved divergently from bacteria and share distant homology along with instances of horizontal gene transfer. Moreover, Archaea possessing putative LuxR solos, exhibit the correlation between taxonomy and ecological niche despite being the inhabitant of diverse habitats like halophilic, thermophilic, barophilic, methanogenic, and chemolithotrophic. Therefore, this study would shed light in deciphering the role of the putative LuxR solos of Archaea to adapt varied habitats via multilevel communication with other organisms using QS.

  9. Taxonomy Icon Data: potato [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available potato Solanum tuberosum Solanum_tuberosum_L.png Solanum_tuberosum_NL.png Solanum_tuber...osum_S.png Solanum_tuberosum_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Solanum+tuberosum&t...=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Solanum+tuberosum&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_...icon/icon.cgi?i=Solanum+tuberosum&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Solanum+tuberosum&t=NS ...

  10. Taxonomy Icon Data: sorghum [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available sorghum Sorghum bicolor Sorghum_bicolor_L.png Sorghum_bicolor_NL.png Sorghum_bicolor_S.png Sorg...hum_bicolor_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Sorghum+bicolor&t=L http://b...iosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Sorghum+bicolor&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Sorg...hum+bicolor&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Sorghum+bicolor&t=NS ...

  11. Taxonomy Icon Data: mandrill [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available mandrill Mandrillus sphinx Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Primate Mandrillus_sphinx..._L.png Mandrillus_sphinx_NL.png Mandrillus_sphinx_S.png Mandrillus_sphinx_NS.png http://biosci...encedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Mandrillus+sphinx&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Mandrillus+sphinx...&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Mandrillus+sphinx...&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Mandrillus+sphinx&t=NS ...

  12. Taxonomy Icon Data: coelacanth [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae Chordata/Vertebrata/Pisciformes Latimeria_chalumnae_L.png Latime...ria_chalumnae_NL.png Latimeria_chalumnae_S.png Latimeria_chalumnae_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.j...p/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Latimeria+chalumnae&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Latimeri...a+chalumnae&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Latimeria+chalu...mnae&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Latimeria+chalumnae&t=NS ...

  13. Taxonomy Icon Data: Trypanosoma brucei [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Trypanosoma brucei Trypanosoma brucei Trypanosoma_brucei_L.png Trypanosoma_brucei_NL.png Trypanoso...ma_brucei_S.png Trypanosoma_brucei_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Trypanoso...ma+brucei&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Trypanosoma+brucei&t=NL http://bioscie...ncedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Trypanosoma+brucei&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp.../taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Trypanosoma+brucei&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=121 ...

  14. Taxonomy Icon Data: Toxoplasma gondii [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasma gondii Toxoplasma_gondii_L.png Toxoplasma_gondii_NL.png Toxoplasma..._gondii_S.png Toxoplasma_gondii_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Toxoplasma...+gondii&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Toxoplasma+gondii&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.j...p/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Toxoplasma+gondii&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Toxoplas...ma+gondii&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=113 ...

  15. Taxonomy Icon Data: okapi [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available okapi Okapia johnstoni Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Artiodactyla Okapi...a_johnstoni_L.png Okapia_johnstoni_NL.png Okapia_johnstoni_S.png Okapia_johnstoni_NS.png http://bioscienc...edbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Okapia+johnstoni&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Okapi...a+johnstoni&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Okapia+johnston...i&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Okapia+johnstoni&t=NS ...

  16. Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese Ratsnake [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese Ratsnake Elaphe climacophora Chordata/Vertebrata/Reptilia/etc Elaphe_climacophora_L.png Elaphe_clim...acophora_NL.png Elaphe_climacophora_S.png Elaphe_climacophora_NS.png http://bioscie...ncedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elaphe+climacophora&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elaphe+clima...cophora&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elaphe+clima...cophora&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elaphe+climacophora&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=3 ...

  17. Taxonomy Icon Data: Schistosoma japonicum [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Schistosoma japonicum Schistosoma japonicum Platyhelminthes Schistosoma_japonicum_L.png Schistoso...ma_japonicum_NL.png Schistosoma_japonicum_S.png Schistosoma_japonicum_NS.png http://bioscience...dbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schistosoma+japonicum&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schistoso...ma+japonicum&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schistoso...ma+japonicum&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schistosoma+japonicum&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=132 ...

  18. Taxonomy Icon Data: Anopheles stephensi [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Anopheles stephensi Anopheles stephensi Arthropoda Anopheles_stephensi_L.png Anopheles_stephen...si_NL.png Anopheles_stephensi_S.png Anopheles_stephensi_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_i...con/icon.cgi?i=Anopheles+stephensi&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Anopheles+stephensi&...t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Anopheles+stephensi&t=S htt...p://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Anopheles+stephensi&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=149 ...

  19. Understanding the Advising Learning Process Using Learning Taxonomies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muehleck, Jeanette K.; Smith, Cathleen L.; Allen, Janine M.

    2014-01-01

    To better understand the learning that transpires in advising, we used Anderson et al.'s (2001) revision of Bloom's (1956) taxonomy and Krathwohl, Bloom, and Masia's (1964) affective taxonomy to analyze eight student-reported advising outcomes from Smith and Allen (2014). Using the cognitive processes and knowledge domains of Anderson et al.'s…

  20. Long-Term Outcome of the Sorin Freedom SOLO Stentless Aortic Valve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Christ, Torsten; Claus, Benjamin; Zielinski, Christina; Falk, Volkmar; Grubitzsch, Herko

    2016-11-01

    The Sorin Freedom SOLO valve is a third-generation stentless aortic valve which shows beneficial hemodynamic performance compared to stented bioprostheses. Long-term results regarding hemodynamics, the durability of the valve, and patient outcome are scarce, and their acquisition was the aim of this single-center study. Between 2005 and 2006, a total of 68 consecutive patients (30 males, 38 females; mean age at surgery 76.1 ± 6.3 years) underwent aortic valve replacement with a Sorin Freedom SOLO prosthesis. Indications were aortic stenosis (n = 50), aortic regurgitation (n = 1) and mixed lesions (n = 17). Associated procedures were performed in 31 patients (45.6%), most of which were coronary artery bypass grafting (68.8 %). The follow up was performed by telephone interviews, and clinical and echocardiographic examinations. Morbidity, mortality and echocardiographic data were analyzed. The total follow up was 501.1 patient-years, with a mean follow up of 7.4 ± 3.4 years (maximum 11.2 years). The follow up was 100% complete. Hospital mortality was 4.4% (n = 3). Actuarial survival at five and 10 years was 76.5 ± 5.1% and 41.5 ± 6.5%, respectively. Reinterventions were performed in eight patients; these included three reoperations due to endocarditis, four transcatheter aortic valve implantations, and one reoperation due to structural valve deterioration (SVD). The overall freedom from valve reintervention due to SVD at five and 10 years was 97.8 ± 2.2% and 82.9 ± 7.5%, respectively. After eight years, echocardiography demonstrated peak and mean transvalvular gradients of 18 ± 11 and 10 ± 7 mmHg, respectively. The overall effective and indexed aortic valve orifice areas were 1.73 ± 0.58 cm2 and 0.92 ± 0.33 cm2/m2, respectively. At long-term follow up the Sorin Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis was associated with favourable hemodynamic results and survival. Freedom from SVD was not superior to that occurring with stented bioprostheses.

  1. Taxonomy Icon Data: honey bee [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available honey bee Apis mellifera Arthropoda Apis_mellifera_L.png Apis_mellifera_NL.png Apis_mellife...ra_S.png Apis_mellifera_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Apis+mellifera&t=L h...ttp://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Apis+mellifera&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Apis+mellife...ra&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Apis+mellifera&t=NS ...

  2. Taxonomy Icon Data: thale cress [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana Arabidopsis_thaliana_L.png Arabidopsis_thaliana_NL.png Arabidopsis_thal...iana_S.png Arabidopsis_thaliana_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Arabidopsis+thal...iana&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Arabidopsis+thaliana&t=NL http://...biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Arabidopsis+thaliana&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Arabidopsis+thaliana&t=NS ...

  3. Taxonomy Icon Data: Lotus corniculatus [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Lotus corniculatus Lotus corniculatus Lotus_corniculatus_L.png Lotus_corniculatus_NL.png Lotus_corn...iculatus_S.png Lotus_corniculatus_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+corn...iculatus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+corniculatus&t=NL http://bioscie...ncedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+corniculatus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+corniculatus&t=NS ...

  4. Taxonomy Icon Data: fission yeast [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Schizosaccharomyces_pombe_L.png Schizosaccharomyce...s_pombe_NL.png Schizosaccharomyces_pombe_S.png Schizosaccharomyces_pombe_NS.png http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schizosaccharomyces+pombe&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schizosaccharomyce...s+pombe&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schizosaccharomyce...s+pombe&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Schizosaccharomyces+pombe&t=NS

  5. Taxonomy Icon Data: barrel medic [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available barrel medic Medicago truncatula Medicago_truncatula_L.png Medicago_truncatula_NL.png Medi...cago_truncatula_S.png Medicago_truncatula_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Medi...cago+truncatula&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Medicago+truncatula&t=NL http://biosci...encedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Medicago+truncatula&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Medicago+truncatula&t=NS ...

  6. Taxonomy Icon Data: fruit fly [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster Arthropoda Drosophila_melanogaster_L.png Drosophila_mela...nogaster_NL.png Drosophila_melanogaster_S.png Drosophila_melanogaster_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/...taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Drosophila+melanogaster&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Drosophila+mela...nogaster&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Drosophila+mela...nogaster&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Drosophila+melanogaster&t=NS ...

  7. Taxonomy Icon Data: Lotus japonicus [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Lotus japonicus Lotus japonicus Lotus_japonicus_L.png Lotus_japonicus_NL.png Lotus_japonicus_S.png Lotus_jap...onicus_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+japonicus&t=L ...http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+japonicus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+jap...onicus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lotus+japonicus&t=NS ...

  8. STUDI RESPON SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN TAKSONOMI SOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosyida Ekawati

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Salah satu kerangka yang digunakan sebagai rujukan menganalisis respon siswa yaitu taksonomi SOLO. Tujuan penelitian adalah (1 menemukan pola  tingkat respon siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO dan (2 menemukan hambatan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pemecahan masalah matematika. Metode penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian  ini adalah 24 siswa putri dan 18 siswa putra kelas VIII SMP IT Darul Fikri Bawen. Hasil penelitian ini adalah respon siswa putri pada level prestructural sebanyak 25, 42%, unistructural sebanyak 10, 83%, multistructural sebanyak   32, 92%, relational sebanyak 20, 83% dan extended abstract sebanyak 10%. Untuk hasil respon siswa putra pada level prestructural sebanyak 16, 67%, unistructural sebanyak 9, 44%, multistructural sebanyak 32, 22%, relational sebanyak 38, 33% dan extended abstract sebanyak 3, 33 %.  Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini yaitu  guru perlu memberi banyak latihan keterampilan memahami masalah, mengaplikasikan rumus, dan meninjau kembali jawaban.One of frameworks used as a reference to analyze students’ responses is SOLO taxonomy. The purposes of the study were to find out the pattern of students’ responses levels in doing problem solving items based on SOLO taxonomy and to find out the students’ obstacles in doing mathematical problem solving items. The research method used in this study was a qualitative research. The data sources of this study were 24 female students and 18 male students of the eight grade of SMP IT Darul Fikri Bawen. The results of the study showed that for female students, 25,42% of them belonged to prestructural level, 10,83% of them belonged to unistructural response level, 32,92 % of them belonged to multistructural response level, 20,83% of them belonged to relational response level, and 10% of them belonged to extended abstract response level. Meanwhile, for male students, 16,67% of them belonged to

  9. Taxonomy Icon Data: Asiatic tapir [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Asiatic tapir Tapirus indicus Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/etc. Tapirus_indicus_L.png Tapi...rus_indicus_NL.png Tapirus_indicus_S.png Tapirus_indicus_NS.png http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tapirus+indicus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tapirus+ind...icus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tapirus+indicus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tapirus+indicus&t=NS ...

  10. Taxonomy Icon Data: fathead minnow [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available fathead minnow Pimephales promelas Chordata/Vertebrata/Pisciformes Pimephales_promela...s_L.png Pimephales_promelas_NL.png Pimephales_promelas_S.png Pimephales_promelas_NS.png http://bioscienced...bc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Pimephales+promelas&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Pimephales+promela...s&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Pimephales+promela...s&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Pimephales+promelas&t=NS ...

  11. Taxonomy Icon Data: white shark [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available white shark Carcharodon carcharias Chordata/Vertebrata/Pisciformes Carcharodon_carcharias_L.png Carcharo...don_carcharias_NL.png Carcharodon_carcharias_S.png Carcharodon_carcharias_NS.png http:/.../biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Carcharodon+carcharias&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Carcharo...don+carcharias&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Carcharo...don+carcharias&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Carcharodon+carcharias&t=NS ...

  12. Taxonomy Icon Data: Old world swallowtail [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Old world swallowtail Papilio machaon Arthropoda Papilio_machaon_L.png Papilio_machaon_NL.png Papilio_machao...n_S.png Papilio_machaon_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papilio+machao...n&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papilio+machaon&t=NL http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papilio+machaon&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_...icon/icon.cgi?i=Papilio+machaon&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=47 ...

  13. Taxonomy Icon Data: sperm whale [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Cetacea Physeter_macrocephal...us_L.png Physeter_macrocephalus_NL.png Physeter_macrocephalus_S.png Physeter_macrocephal...us_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physeter+macrocephalus&t=L http://bioscience...dbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physeter+macrocephalus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physeter+macrocephalus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physeter+macrocephalus&t=NS ...

  14. Taxonomy Icon Data: Asiatic elephant [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Asiatic elephant Elephas maximus Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/etc. Elephas_maxim...us_L.png Elephas_maximus_NL.png Elephas_maximus_S.png Elephas_maximus_NS.png http://bioscienced...bc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elephas+maximus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elephas+maxim...us&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elephas+maximus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Elephas+maximus&t=NS ...

  15. Taxonomy Icon Data: giant panda [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available giant panda Ailuropoda melanoleuca Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Carnivora Ailuropoda_mela...noleuca_L.png Ailuropoda_melanoleuca_NL.png Ailuropoda_melanoleuca_S.png Ailuropoda_mela...noleuca_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ailuropoda+melanoleuca&t=L http://bioscien...cedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ailuropoda+melanoleuca&t=NL http://biosciencedb...c.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ailuropoda+melanoleuca&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ailuropoda+melanoleuca&t=NS ...

  16. Taxonomy Icon Data: Guinea baboon [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Guinea baboon Papio papio Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Primate Papio_papio_L.png Papio_papi...o_NL.png Papio_papio_S.png Papio_papio_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papio+papi...o&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papio+papio&t=NL http://bioscien...cedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papio+papio&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Papio+papio&t=NS ...

  17. Taxonomy Icon Data: Oryzias javanicus [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Oryzias javanicus Oryzias javanicus Chordata/Vertebrata/Pisciformes Oryzias_javanicus_L.png Oryzias_java...nicus_NL.png Oryzias_javanicus_S.png Oryzias_javanicus_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/t...axonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Oryzias+javanicus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Oryzias+javan...icus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Oryzias+javanicus&t=S ...http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Oryzias+javanicus&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=77 ...

  18. Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese tree frog [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese tree frog Hyla japonica Chordata/Vertebrata/Amphibia Hyla_japonica_L.png Hyla_jap...onica_NL.png Hyla_japonica_S.png Hyla_japonica_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Hyla+jap...onica&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Hyla+japonica&t=NL http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Hyla+japonica&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Hyla+jap

  19. Outcomes of Solo Smart valve in a single-center experience of 270 patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Hao; Khani-Hanjani, Abbas; Yang, Siyuan; Wang, Wei; Sidhu, Surita; Mullen, John; Modry, Dennis; Wang, Shaohua

    2018-04-03

    The Solo Smart pericardial aortic valve has been widely used in Europe as an option for aortic valve replacement (AVR). We are reporting early and midterm clinical outcomes of AVR with the Solo Smart valve in a single North America center. This is a retrospective study of 270 consecutive patients who had AVR at Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute from February 2011 to March 2015. Follow-up and echocardiographic data were collected retrospectively from electronic and paper charts. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the results. The mean age was 71.2±10.0 years, 67.4% were male, and 79.3% had combined procedures. Mean STS Score was 4.18±3.91. Early mortality was 3.7% for the entire group and 0% for isolated aortic valve replacement group. Mean cross-clamp time for isolated AVR and AVR with concomitant procedure was 70.8±12.7min and 117.0±45.0min, respectively. Permanent pacemaker implantation was necessary in 2.2% of patients. Echocardiography demonstrated a reduction in mean gradients from 40.8±17.4mmHg to 7.6±3.7 mmHg and peak gradient from 72.5 ± 48.8 mmHg to 15.5±7.5 mmHg. The 1-, 3-, and 5- year overall survival was 93.0%, 86.5% and 75.9%, respectively. At 5 years, freedom from valve-related death was 92.4%, freedom from structural valve deterioration and freedom from aortic valve reoperation were 96.4% and 98%, respectively. The Solo Smart valve is safe and has excellent hemodynamic performance. Aortic valve reoperation and rates of valve-related adverse events during midterm follow-up were low.

  20. Taxonomy Icon Data: llama [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available llama Lama glama Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Artiodactyla Lama_glama_L.png Lama_glama_NL.png Lama_glama_S.png Lama_glama..._NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lama+glam...a&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lama+glama&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/t...axonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lama+glama&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Lama+glama&t=NS ...

  1. Taxonomy Icon Data: Pacific electric ray [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Pacific electric ray Torpedo californica Chordata/Vertebrata/Pisciformes Torpedo_californica_L.png Torpedo..._californica_NL.png Torpedo_californica_S.png Torpedo_californica_NS.png http://biosc...iencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Torpedo+californica&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Torpedo...+californica&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Torpedo...+californica&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Torpedo+californica&t=NS ...

  2. Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese giant salamander [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese giant salamander Andrias japonicus Chordata/Vertebrata/Amphibia Andrias_japonicus_L.png Andrias_jap...onicus_NL.png Andrias_japonicus_S.png Andrias_japonicus_NS.png http://biosciencedbc....jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Andrias+japonicus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Andrias+jap...onicus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Andrias+japonicus...&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Andrias+japonicus&t=NS ...

  3. Taxonomy Icon Data: Javan tree shrew [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Javan tree shrew Tupaia javanica Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/etc. Tupaia_java...nica_L.png Tupaia_javanica_NL.png Tupaia_javanica_S.png Tupaia_javanica_NS.png http://bioscienced...bc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tupaia+javanica&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tupaia+java...nica&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tupaia+javanica&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Tupaia+javanica&t=NS ...

  4. Taxonomy Icon Data: wild Bactrian camel [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available wild Bactrian camel Camelus ferus Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Artiodactyla Camel...us_ferus_L.png Camelus_ferus_NL.png Camelus_ferus_S.png Camelus_ferus_NS.png http://bioscience...dbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+ferus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+f...erus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+ferus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+ferus&t=NS ...

  5. Taxonomy Icon Data: Diplazium tomitaroanum Masam [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Diplazium tomitaroanum Masam Diplazium tomitaroanum Masam Diplazium_tomitaroanum_Masam_L.png Diplazium_tomit...aroanum_Masam_NL.png Diplazium_tomitaroanum_Masam_S.png Diplazium_tomitaroanum_Masa...m_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Diplazium+tomitaroanum+Masam&t=L http://bioscience...dbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Diplazium+tomitaroanum+Masam&t=NL http://bioscien...cedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Diplazium+tomitaroanum+Masam&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Diplazium+tomitaroanum+Masam&t=NS ...

  6. Taxonomy Icon Data: moss [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available moss Physcomitrella patens subsp. patens. Physcomitrella_patens_subsp_patens_L.png Physcomitrella_patens..._subsp_patens_NL.png Physcomitrella_patens_subsp_patens_S.png Physcomitrella_patens_subsp_patens..._NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physcomitrella+patens+subsp%2e+patens%2e&t...=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physcomitrella+patens+subsp%2e+patens...%2e&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Physcomitrella+patens+subsp%2e+patens%2e&t

  7. Taxonomy Icon Data: dog [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available dog Canis lupus familiaris Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Carnivora Canis_lupus..._familiaris_L.png Canis_lupus_familiaris_NL.png Canis_lupus_familiaris_S.png Canis_lupus_familiari...s_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Canis+lupus+familiaris&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp.../taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Canis+lupus+familiaris&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/tax...onomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Canis+lupus+familiaris&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Canis+lupus+familiaris&t=NS ...

  8. Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese Bush Warbler [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese Bush Warbler Cettia diphone Chordata/Vertebrata/Aves Cettia_diphone_L.png Cettia_diphone..._NL.png Cettia_diphone_S.png Cettia_diphone_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone...&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=NL http://bioscie...ncedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/tax...onomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Cettia+diphone&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=26 ...

  9. Taxonomy Icon Data: aye-aye [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available aye-aye Daubentonia madagascariensis Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Primate Daubentonia_madaga...scariensis_L.png Daubentonia_madagascariensis_NL.png Daubentonia_madagascariensis_S.png Daubentonia_madagasc...ariensis_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Daubentonia+madagascar...iensis&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Daubentonia+madagascar...iensis&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Daubentonia+madagascariensis&t=S http://bi

  10. Taxonomy Icon Data: Japanese serow [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese serow Capricornis crispus Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Artiodactyla Capricorn...is_crispus_L.png Capricornis_crispus_NL.png Capricornis_crispus_S.png Capricornis_crispus..._NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Capricornis+crispus&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/tax...onomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Capricornis+crispus&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Capricorn...is+crispus&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Capricornis+crispus&t=NS ...

  11. Taxonomy Icon Data: Arabian camel [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Arabian camel Camelus dromedarius Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/Artiodactyla Camel...us_dromedarius_L.png Camelus_dromedarius_NL.png Camelus_dromedarius_S.png Camelus_dromedarius_...NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+dromedarius&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxo...nomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+dromedarius&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camel...us+dromedarius&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Camelus+dromedarius&t=NS ...

  12. Taxonomy Icon Data: Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_L.png Synecho...cystis_sp_PCC_6803_NL.png Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_S.png Synechocystis_sp_PCC_6803_NS.png http://bi...osciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synechocystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synecho...cystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synecho...cystis+sp%2ePCC+6803&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Synechocystis

  13. Taxonomy Icon Data: African savanna elephant [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available African savanna elephant Loxodonta africana Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eutheria/etc. Loxodonta_afri...cana_L.png Loxodonta_africana_NL.png Loxodonta_africana_S.png Loxodonta_africana_NS....png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Loxodonta+africana&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonom...y_icon/icon.cgi?i=Loxodonta+africana&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Loxodonta+afric...ana&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Loxodonta+africana&t=NS ...

  14. Taxonomy Icon Data: Ptychodera flava Eschscholtz (Acorn worm) [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Ptychodera flava Eschscholtz (Acorn worm) Ptychodera flava Hemichordata Ptychodera_flava_L.png Ptycho...dera_flava_NL.png Ptychodera_flava_S.png Ptychodera_flava_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/t...axonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ptychodera+flava&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ptychodera+fla...va&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ptychodera+flava&t=S htt...p://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Ptychodera+flava&t=NS http://togodb.biosciencedbc.jp/togodb/view/taxonomy_icon_comment_en?species_id=161 ...

  15. Taxonomies of Educational Objective Domain

    OpenAIRE

    Eman Ghanem Nayef; Nik Rosila Nik Yaacob; Hairul Nizam Ismail

    2013-01-01

    This paper highlights an effort to study the educational objective domain taxonomies including Bloom’s taxonomy, Lorin Anderson’s taxonomy, and Wilson’s taxonomy. In this study a comparison among these three taxonomies have been done. Results show that Bloom’s taxonomy is more suitable as an analysis tool to Educational Objective domain.

  16. A taxonomy for disease management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Disease Management Taxonomy Writing Group.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krumholz, Harlan M; Currie, Peter M; Riegel, Barbara; Phillips, Christopher O; Peterson, Eric D; Smith, Renee; Yancy, Clyde W; Faxon, David P

    2006-09-26

    Disease management has shown great promise as a means of reorganizing chronic care and optimizing patient outcomes. Nevertheless, disease management programs are widely heterogeneous and lack a shared definition of disease management, which limits our ability to compare and evaluate different programs. To address this problem, the American Heart Association's Disease Management Taxonomy Writing Group developed a system of classification that can be used both to categorize and compare disease management programs and to inform efforts to identify specific factors associated with effectiveness. The AHA Writing Group began with a conceptual model of disease management and its components and subsequently validated this model over a wide range of disease management programs. A systematic MEDLINE search was performed on the terms heart failure, diabetes, and depression, together with disease management, case management, and care management. The search encompassed articles published in English between 1987 and 2005. We then selected studies that incorporated (1) interventions designed to improve outcomes and/or reduce medical resource utilization in patients with heart failure, diabetes, or depression and (2) clearly defined protocols with at least 2 prespecified components traditionally associated with disease management. We analyzed the study protocols and used qualitative research methods to develop a disease management taxonomy with our conceptual model as the organizing framework. The final taxonomy includes the following 8 domains: (1) Patient population is characterized by risk status, demographic profile, and level of comorbidity. (2) Intervention recipient describes the primary targets of disease management intervention and includes patients and caregivers, physicians and allied healthcare providers, and healthcare delivery systems. (3) Intervention content delineates individual components, such as patient education, medication management, peer support, or some

  17. A value-based taxonomy of improvement approaches in healthcare.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Colldén, Christian; Gremyr, Ida; Hellström, Andreas; Sporraeus, Daniella

    2017-06-19

    Purpose The concept of value is becoming increasingly fashionable in healthcare and various improvement approaches (IAs) have been introduced with the aim of increasing value. The purpose of this paper is to construct a taxonomy that supports the management of parallel IAs in healthcare. Design/methodology/approach Based on previous research, this paper proposes a taxonomy that includes the dimensions of view on value and organizational focus; three contemporary IAs - lean, value-based healthcare, and patient-centered care - are related to the taxonomy. An illustrative qualitative case study in the context of psychiatric (psychosis) care is then presented that contains data from 23 interviews and focuses on the value concept, IAs, and the proposed taxonomy. Findings Respondents recognized the dimensions of the proposed taxonomy and indicated its usefulness as support for choosing and combining different IAs into a coherent management model, and for facilitating dialog about IAs. The findings also suggested that the view of value as "health outcomes" is widespread, but healthcare professionals are less likely than managers to also view value as a process. Originality/value The conceptual contribution of this paper is to delineate some important characteristics of IAs in relation to the emerging "value era". It also highlights the coexistence of different IAs in healthcare management practice. A taxonomy is proposed that can help managers choose, adapt, and combine IAs in local management models.

  18. Taxonomy Icon Data: North Pacific right whale [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available North Pacific right whale Eubalaena japonica Chordata/Vertebrata/Mammalia/Theria/Eu...theria/Cetacea Eubalaena_japonica_L.png Eubalaena_japonica_NL.png Eubalaena_japonica_S.png Eubalaena_japonic...a_NS.png http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Eubalaena+japonica&t=L http://biosciencedbc.jp/tax...onomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Eubalaena+japonica&t=NL http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_ic...on/icon.cgi?i=Eubalaena+japonica&t=S http://biosciencedbc.jp/taxonomy_icon/icon.cgi?i=Eubalaena+japonica&t=NS ...

  19. Freedom Solo Versus Trifecta Bioprotheses: Clinical and Hemodynamic Evaluation after Propensity Score Matching.

    Science.gov (United States)

    J Cerqueira, Rui; Melo, Renata; Moreira, Soraia; A Saraiva, Francisca; Andrade, Marta; Salgueiro, Elson; Almeida, Jorge; J Amorim, Mário; Pinho, Paulo; Lourenço, André; F Leite-Moreira, Adelino

    2017-01-01

    To compare stentless Freedom Solo and stented Trifecta aortic bioprostheses regarding hemodynamic profile, left ventricular mass regression, early and late postoperative outcomes and survival. Longitudinal cohort study of consecutive patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (from 2009 to 2016) with either Freedom Solo or Trifecta at one centre. Local databases and national records were queried. Postoperative echocardiography (3-6 months) was obtained for hemodynamic profile (mean transprosthetic gradient and effective orifice area) and left ventricle mass determination. After propensity score matching (21 covariates), Kaplan-Meier analysis and cumulative incidence analysis were performed for survival and combined outcome of structural valve deterioration and endocarditis, respectively. Hemodynamics and left ventricle mass regression were assessed by a mixed- -effects model including propensity score as a covariate. From a total sample of 397 Freedom Solo and 525 Trifecta patients with a median follow-up time of 4.0 (2.2- 6.0) and 2.4 (1.4-3.7) years, respectively, a matched sample of 329 pairs was obtained. Well-balanced matched groups showed no difference in survival (hazard ratio=1.04, 95% confidence interval=0.69-1.56) or cumulative hazards of combined outcome (subhazard ratio=0.54, 95% confidence interval=0.21-1.39). Although Trifecta showed improved hemodynamic profile compared to Freedom Solo, no differences were found in left ventricle mass regression. Trifecta has a slightly improved hemodynamic profile compared to Freedom Solo but this does not translate into differences in the extent of mass regression, postoperative outcomes or survival, which were good and comparable for both bioprostheses. Long-term follow-up is needed for comparisons with older models of bioprostheses.

  20. Linking payment to health outcomes: a taxonomy and examination of performance-based reimbursement schemes between healthcare payers and manufacturers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carlson, Josh J; Sullivan, Sean D; Garrison, Louis P; Neumann, Peter J; Veenstra, David L

    2010-08-01

    To identify, categorize and examine performance-based health outcomes reimbursement schemes for medical technology. We performed a review of performance-based health outcomes reimbursement schemes over the past 10 years (7/98-010/09) using publicly available databases, web and grey literature searches, and input from healthcare reimbursement experts. We developed a taxonomy of scheme types by inductively organizing the schemes identified according to the timing, execution, and health outcomes measured in the schemes. Our search yielded 34 coverage with evidence development schemes, 10 conditional treatment continuation schemes, and 14 performance-linked reimbursement schemes. The majority of schemes are in Europe and Australia, with an increasing number in Canada and the U.S. These schemes have the potential to alter the reimbursement and pricing landscape for medical technology, but significant challenges, including high transaction costs and insufficient information systems, may limit their long-term impact. Future studies regarding experiences and outcomes of implemented schemes are necessary. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  1. Assessing Complexity in Learning Outcomes--A Comparison between the SOLO Taxonomy and the Model of Hierarchical Complexity

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stålne, Kristian; Kjellström, Sofia; Utriainen, Jukka

    2016-01-01

    An important aspect of higher education is to educate students who can manage complex relationships and solve complex problems. Teachers need to be able to evaluate course content with regard to complexity, as well as evaluate students' ability to assimilate complex content and express it in the form of a learning outcome. One model for evaluating…

  2. Using Learning Games to Meet Learning Objectives

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Henriksen, Thomas Duus

    2013-01-01

    This paper addresses the question on how learning games can be used to meet with the different levels in Bloom’s and the SOLO taxonomy, which are commonly used for evaluating the learning outcome of educational activities. The paper discusses the quality of game-based learning outcomes based on a...... on a case study of the learning game 6Styles....

  3. Teaching Taxonomy: How Many Kingdoms?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Case, Emily

    2008-01-01

    Taxonomy, the identification, naming, and classification of living things, is an indispensable unit in any biology curriculum and indeed, an integral part of biological science. Taxonomy catalogues life's diversity and is an essential tool for communication. Textbook discussions of taxonomy range anywhere from three to eight domains of kingdoms.…

  4. ESTRUTURA DO SOLO SOB FEIJÃO IRRIGADO E DIFERENTES MANEJO DO SOLO

    OpenAIRE

    Lorena Adriana de Gennaro; Zigomar Menezes de Souza; Laura Fernanda Simões da Silva; Miguel Cooper; Milton César Costa Campos

    2015-01-01

    O manejo agrícola influencia a estrutura do solo, modificando os atributos físicos e o comportamento hídrico do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da semeadura direta (SD) e do preparo convencional (PC) sobre a estrutura do solo, por meio de atributos físicos e da distribuição dos poros, utilizando imagens digitais 2-D. O estudo foi realizado em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico com delineamento de blocos casualizados. A densidade do so...

  5. Evaluating the Effectiveness Roles of Variables in the Novice Programmers Learning

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shi, Nianfeng; Cui, Wen; Zhang, Ping; Sun, Ximing

    2018-01-01

    This research applies the roles of variables to the novice programmers in the C language programming. The results are evaluated using the Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy. The participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The students from the control group learned programming in the traditional…

  6. Solo-Surgeon Single-Port Laparoscopic Anterior Resection for Sigmoid Colon Cancer: Comparative Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Choi, Byung Jo; Jeong, Won Jun; Kim, Say-June; Lee, Sang Chul

    2018-03-01

    To report our experience with solo-surgeon, single-port laparoscopic anterior resection (solo SPAR) for sigmoid colon cancer. Data from sigmoid colon cancer patients who underwent anterior resections (ARs) using the single-port, solo surgery technique (n = 31) or the conventional single-port laparoscopic technique (n = 45), between January 2011 and July 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. In the solo surgeries, making the transumbilical incision into the peritoneal cavity was facilitated through the use of a self-retaining retractor system. After establishing a single port through the umbilicus, an adjustable mechanical camera holder replaced the human scope assistant. Patient and tumor characteristics and operative, pathologic, and postoperative outcomes were compared. The operative times and estimated blood losses were similar for the patients in both treatment groups. In addition, most of the postoperative variables were comparable between the two groups, including postoperative complications and hospital stays. In the solo SPAR group, comparable lymph nodes were attained, and sufficient proximal and distal cut margins were obtained. The difference in the proximal cut margin significantly favored the solo SPAR, compared with the conventional AR group (P = .000). This study shows that solo SPAR, using a passive camera system, is safe and feasible for use in sigmoid colon cancer surgery, if performed by an experienced laparoscopic surgeon. In addition to reducing the need for a surgical assistant, the oncologic requirements, including adequate margins and sufficient lymph node harvesting, could be fulfilled. Further evaluations, including prospective randomized studies, are warranted.

  7. GEM Building Taxonomy (Version 2.0)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brzev, S.; Scawthorn, C.; Charleson, A.W.; Allen, L.; Greene, M.; Jaiswal, Kishor; Silva, V.

    2013-01-01

    This report documents the development and applications of the Building Taxonomy for the Global Earthquake Model (GEM). The purpose of the GEM Building Taxonomy is to describe and classify buildings in a uniform manner as a key step towards assessing their seismic risk, Criteria for development of the GEM Building Taxonomy were that the Taxonomy be relevant to seismic performance of different construction types; be comprehensive yet simple; be collapsible; adhere to principles that are familiar to the range of users; and ultimately be extensible to non-buildings and other hazards. The taxonomy was developed in conjunction with other GEM researchers and builds on the knowledge base from other taxonomies, including the EERI and IAEE World Housing Encyclopedia, PAGER-STR, and HAZUS. The taxonomy is organized as a series of expandable tables, which contain information pertaining to various building attributes. Each attribute describes a specific characteristic of an individual building or a class of buildings that could potentially affect their seismic performance. The following 13 attributes have been included in the GEM Building Taxonomy Version 2.0 (v2.0): 1.) direction, 2.)material of the lateral load-resisting system, 3.) lateral load-resisting system, 4.) height, 5.) date of construction of retrofit, 6.) occupancy, 7.) building position within a block, 8.) shape of the building plan, 9.) structural irregularity, 10.) exterior walls, 11.) roof, 12.) floor, 13.) foundation system. The report illustrates the pratical use of the GEM Building Taxonomy by discussing example case studies, in which the building-specific characteristics are mapped directly using GEM taxonomic attributes and the corresponding taxonomic string is constructed for that building, with "/" slash marks separating attributes. For example, for the building shown to the right, the GEM Taxonomy string is: DX1/MUR+CLBRS+MOCL2/LWAL3/

  8. A concept taxonomy and an instrument hierarchy: tools for establishing and evaluating the conceptual framework of a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument as applied to product labeling claims.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Erickson, Pennifer; Willke, Richard; Burke, Laurie

    2009-01-01

    To facilitate development and evaluation of a PRO instrument conceptual framework, we propose two tools--a PRO concept taxonomy and a PRO instrument hierarchy. FDA's draft guidance on patient reported outcome (PRO) measures states that a clear description of the conceptual framework of an instrument is useful for evaluating its adequacy to support a treatment benefit claim for use in product labeling the draft guidance, however does not propose tools for establishing or evaluating a PRO instrument's conceptual framework. We draw from our review of PRO concepts and instruments that appear in prescription drug labeling approved in the United States from 1997 to 2007. We propose taxonomy terms that define relationships between PRO concepts, including "family,"compound concept," and "singular concept." Based on the range of complexity represented by the concepts, as defined by the taxonomy, we propose nine instrument orders for PRO measurement. The nine orders range from individual event counts to multi-item, multiscale instruments. This analysis of PRO concepts and instruments illustrates that the taxonomy and hierarchy are applicable to PRO concepts across a wide range of therapeutic areas and provide a basis for defining the instrument conceptual framework complexity. Although the utility of these tools in the drug development, review, and approval processes has not yet been demonstrated, these tools could be useful to improve communication and enhance efficiency in the instrument development and review process.

  9. Profil Pemecahan Masalah Aljabar Berpandu Pada Taksonomi SOLO Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif Konseptual Tempo Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Makale Tana Toraja [A Profile of Guided Algebra Problem Solving Using the SOLO Taxonomy and the Cognitive Conceptual Tempo Style of Students at the SMA Negeri 1 School In Makale, Tana Toraja

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oce Datu Appulembang

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this research was to discover the process used in solving a superitem test which consisted of 4 stages according to the SOLO (Structure of Learning Outcomes Taxonomy, namely unistuctural, multistructural, relational, and extended abstract, and reviewed using the cognitive impulsive and reflective style. The research was qualitative research. The main instrument of the research was the researcher himself guided by a superitem test, an impulsive-reflective cognitive test namely MFFT (Matching Familiar Figure Test, and a valid interview guideline. The subject of this research was the students of class X1 at SMA Negeri 1 Makale Tana Toraja consisting of four students in which 2 subjects were with cognitive impulsive style and 2 subjects with cognitive reflective style. The data was collected by giving a superitem test which was verified with an interview. The results of the research show that: (a the first subject’s impulsive and reflective style showed the tendency of problem solving at an abstract level which was expanded in the question of one variable linear equation and in the question of two variable linear equation, (b the second subject’s impulsive cognitive style in two variable linear equation problem solving showed the tendency of unistuctural and relational thinking only, (c the second subject’s cognitive reflective style showed the tendency of problem solving in relational level, (d the subject’s impulsive and reflective cognitive style showed the tendency of the same problem solving in the level unistructural, multistructural, relational, and abstract in the question of one variable linear equation, and different in the abstract level in the question of two variable linear equation. BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil pemecahan masalah dengan melihat dan mengungkap proses berpikir siswa dalam menyelesaikan tes superitem yang terdiri atas 4 tingkatan menurut Taksonomi

  10. The Distributed Wind Cost Taxonomy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Forsyth, Trudy; Jimenez, Tony; Preus, Robert; Tegen, Suzanne; Baring-Gould, Ian

    2017-03-28

    To date, there has been no standard method or tool to analyze the installed and operational costs for distributed wind turbine systems. This report describes the development of a classification system, or taxonomy, for distributed wind turbine project costs. The taxonomy establishes a framework to help collect, sort, and compare distributed wind cost data that mirrors how the industry categorizes information. The taxonomy organizes costs so they can be aggregated from installers, developers, vendors, and other sources without losing cost details. Developing a peer-reviewed taxonomy is valuable to industry stakeholders because a common understanding the details of distributed wind turbine costs and balance of station costs is a first step to identifying potential high-value cost reduction opportunities. Addressing cost reduction potential can help increase distributed wind's competitiveness and propel the U.S. distributed wind industry forward. The taxonomy can also be used to perform cost comparisons between technologies and track trends for distributed wind industry costs in the future. As an initial application and piloting of the taxonomy, preliminary cost data were collected for projects of different sizes and from different regions across the contiguous United States. Following the methods described in this report, these data are placed into the established cost categories.

  11. Scientific Teaching: Defining a Taxonomy of Observable Practices

    Science.gov (United States)

    Couch, Brian A.; Brown, Tanya L.; Schelpat, Tyler J.; Graham, Mark J.; Knight, Jennifer K.

    2015-01-01

    Over the past several decades, numerous reports have been published advocating for changes to undergraduate science education. These national calls inspired the formation of the National Academies Summer Institutes on Undergraduate Education in Biology (SI), a group of regional workshops to help faculty members learn and implement interactive teaching methods. The SI curriculum promotes a pedagogical framework called Scientific Teaching (ST), which aims to bring the vitality of modern research into the classroom by engaging students in the scientific discovery process and using student data to inform the ongoing development of teaching methods. With the spread of ST, the need emerges to systematically define its components in order to establish a common description for education researchers and practitioners. We describe the development of a taxonomy detailing ST’s core elements and provide data from classroom observations and faculty surveys in support of its applicability within undergraduate science courses. The final taxonomy consists of 15 pedagogical goals and 37 supporting practices, specifying observable behaviors, artifacts, and features associated with ST. This taxonomy will support future educational efforts by providing a framework for researchers studying the processes and outcomes of ST-based course transformations as well as a concise guide for faculty members developing classes. PMID:25713097

  12. Social Media Use in Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review and Novel Taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Rajesh; Chang, Tammy; Greysen, S Ryan; Chopra, Vineet

    2015-12-01

    The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical outcomes from applications of contemporary social media in chronic disease; to develop a conceptual taxonomy to categorize, summarize, and then analyze the current evidence base; and to suggest a framework for future studies on this topic. We performed a systematic review of MEDLINE via PubMed (January 2000 to January 2015) of studies reporting clinical outcomes on leading contemporary social media (ie, Facebook, Twitter, Wikipedia, YouTube) use in 10 chronic diseases. Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and quality assessment; characterization of study outcomes as positive, negative, neutral, or undefined impact; and inductive, thematic analysis to develop our taxonomy. Of 378 citations identified, 42 studies examining the use of Facebook (n = 16), blogs (n = 13), Twitter (n = 8), wikis (n = 5), and YouTube (n = 4) on outcomes in cancer (n = 14), depression (n = 13), obesity (n = 9), diabetes (n = 4), heart disease (n = 3), stroke (n = 2), and chronic lower respiratory tract infection (n = 1) were included. Studies were classified as support (n = 16), patient education (n = 10), disease modification (n = 6), disease management (n = 5), and diagnosis (n = 5) within our taxonomy. The overall impact of social media on chronic disease was variable, with 48% of studies indicating benefit, 45% neutral or undefined, and 7% suggesting harm. Among studies that showed benefit, 85% used either Facebook or blogs, and 40% were based within the domain of support. Using social media to provide social, emotional, or experiential support in chronic disease, especially with Facebook and blogs, appears most likely to improve patient care. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  13. The integrative future of taxonomy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vences Miguel

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Taxonomy is the biological discipline that identifies, describes, classifies and names extant and extinct species and other taxa. Nowadays, species taxonomy is confronted with the challenge to fully incorporate new theory, methods and data from disciplines that study the origin, limits and evolution of species. Results Integrative taxonomy has been proposed as a framework to bring together these conceptual and methodological developments. Here we review perspectives for an integrative taxonomy that directly bear on what species are, how they can be discovered, and how much diversity is on Earth. Conclusions We conclude that taxonomy needs to be pluralistic to improve species discovery and description, and to develop novel protocols to produce the much-needed inventory of life in a reasonable time. To cope with the large number of candidate species revealed by molecular studies of eukaryotes, we propose a classification scheme for those units that will facilitate the subsequent assembly of data sets for the formal description of new species under the Linnaean system, and will ultimately integrate the activities of taxonomists and molecular biologists.

  14. The SOLO Librarian's Sourcebook.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siess, Judith A.

    This book provides an introduction to single staff information services, or SOLO librarianship. SOLO librarians are usually found in corporate libraries, private companies, small public libraries, museums, schools, churches or synagogues, prisons, law firms, hospitals or special libraries with specialized or limited materials and services with…

  15. Characteristics of Female Solo and Female Co-Offenders and Male Solo Sexual Offenders Against Children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Williams, Rebecca; Gillespie, Steven M; Elliott, Ian A; Eldridge, Hilary J

    2017-09-01

    Studies have highlighted differences in the victim choice, offender, and offense characteristics of female and male sexual offenders. However, little is known about how solo and co-offending females differ from solo male sexual offenders. We compared the characteristics of 20 solo and 20 co-offending females (co-offended with a male and/or female accomplice), and 40 male sexual offenders against children. We found that solo female offenders showed the most evidence of personal problems, including depression and sexual dissatisfaction. Compared with male offenders, female co-offenders showed poorer self-management, but better sexual self-regulation. Male offenders had a greater history of offending and showed more evidence of sexual abuse supportive cognitions relative to both solo and co-offending females. These results are consistent with the need for a gender-specific approach to working with sexual offenders and may have implications for understanding the often complex treatment needs of these clients.

  16. Constructing a Business Model Taxonomy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Groth, Pernille; Nielsen, Christian

    2015-01-01

    the quality of business model taxonomy studies in the future are identified. Originality/Value: The paper highlights the benefits and potential implications of designing business model taxonomy studies and makes the case for ensuring the quality of future studies relating to e.g. performance. Reviewing......Abstract Purpose: The paper proposes a research design recipe capable of leading to future business model taxonomies and discusses the potential benefits and implications of achieving this goal. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper provides a review of relevant scholarly literature about business...... models to clarify the subject as well as highlighting the importance of past studies of business model classifications. In addition it reviews the scholarly literature on relevant methodological approaches, such as cluster analysis and latent class analysis, for constructing a business model taxonomy...

  17. The taxobook principles and practices of building taxonomies

    CERN Document Server

    Hlava, Marjorie

    2014-01-01

    This book outlines the basic principles of creation and maintenance of taxonomies and thesauri. It also provides step by step instructions for building a taxonomy or thesaurus and discusses the various ways to get started on a taxonomy construction project.Often, the first step is to get management and budgetary approval, so I start this book with a discussion of reasons to embark on the taxonomy journey. From there I move on to a discussion of metadata and how taxonomies and metadata are related, and then consider how, where, and why taxonomies are used.Information architecture has its corner

  18. Development of a consensus taxonomy of sedentary behaviors (SIT: report of Delphi Round 1.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastien Francois Martin Chastin

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Over the last decade, sedentary behaviors have emerged as a distinctive behavioral paradigm with deleterious effects on health independent of physical activity. The next phase of research is to establish dose response between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes and improve understanding of context and determinants of these behaviors. Establishing a common taxonomy of these behaviors is a necessary step in this process. AIM: The Sedentary behavior International Taxonomy project was developed to establish a classification of sedentary behaviors by use of a formal consensus process. METHODS: The study follows a Delphi process in three Rounds. A preparatory stage informed the development of terms of reference documents. In Round 1, experts were asked to make statements about the taxonomy; 1 its purpose and use ; 2 the domains, categories or facets that should be consider and include; 3 the structure/architecture to arrange and link these domains and facets. In Round 2 experts will be presented with a draft taxonomy emerging from Round 1 and invited to comment and propose alterations. The taxonomy will then be finalised at the outset of this stage. RESULTS: Results of Round 1 are reported here. There is a general consensus that a taxonomy will help advances in research by facilitating systematic and standardised: 1 investigation and analysis; 2 reporting and communication; 3 data pooling, comparison and meta-analysis; 4 development of measurement tools; 4 data descriptions, leading to higher quality in data querying and facilitate discoveries. There is also a consensus that such a taxonomy should be flexible to accommodate diverse purposes of use, and future advances in the field and yet provide a cross-disciplinary common language. A consensual taxonomy structure emerged with nine primary facets (Purpose, Environment, Posture, Social, Measurement, Associated behavior, Status, Time, Type and the draft structure presented here for

  19. A taxonomy of inductive problems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kemp, Charles; Jern, Alan

    2014-02-01

    Inductive inferences about objects, features, categories, and relations have been studied for many years, but there are few attempts to chart the range of inductive problems that humans are able to solve. We present a taxonomy of inductive problems that helps to clarify the relationships between familiar inductive problems such as generalization, categorization, and identification, and that introduces new inductive problems for psychological investigation. Our taxonomy is founded on the idea that semantic knowledge is organized into systems of objects, features, categories, and relations, and we attempt to characterize all of the inductive problems that can arise when these systems are partially observed. Recent studies have begun to address some of the new problems in our taxonomy, and future work should aim to develop unified theories of inductive reasoning that explain how people solve all of the problems in the taxonomy.

  20. Towards an Artificial Space Object Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilkins, M.; Schumacher, P.; Jah, M.; Pfeffer, A.

    2013-09-01

    Object recognition is the first step in positively identifying a resident space object (RSO), i.e. assigning an RSO to a category such as GPS satellite or space debris. Object identification is the process of deciding that two RSOs are in fact one and the same. Provided we have appropriately defined a satellite taxonomy that allows us to place a given RSO into a particular class of object without any ambiguity, one can assess the probability of assignment to a particular class by determining how well the object satisfies the unique criteria of belonging to that class. Ultimately, tree-based taxonomies delineate unique signatures by defining the minimum amount of information required to positively identify a RSO. Therefore, taxonomic trees can be used to depict hypotheses in a Bayesian object recognition and identification process. This work describes a new RSO taxonomy along with specific reasoning behind the choice of groupings. An alternative taxonomy was recently presented at the Sixth Conference on Space Debris in Darmstadt, Germany. [1] The best example of a taxonomy that enjoys almost universal scientific acceptance is the classical Linnaean biological taxonomy. A strength of Linnaean taxonomy is that it can be used to organize the different kinds of living organisms, simply and practically. Every species can be given a unique name. This uniqueness and stability are a result of the acceptance by biologists specializing in taxonomy, not merely of the binomial names themselves. Fundamentally, the taxonomy is governed by rules for the use of these names, and these are laid down in formal Nomenclature Codes. We seek to provide a similar formal nomenclature system for RSOs through a defined tree-based taxonomy structure. Each categorization, beginning with the most general or inclusive, at any level is called a taxon. Taxon names are defined by a type, which can be a specimen or a taxon of lower rank, and a diagnosis, a statement intended to supply characters that

  1. Culture, Leadership, and Activism: Translating Fink's Taxonomy of Significant Learning into Pedagogical Practice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jenkins, Toby S.

    2016-01-01

    Through the article, I share the theoretical foundations, structure, knowledge acquisition, and outcomes of a cultural leadership course. The process for course development integrates several theories and research methods into practice: L. Dee Fink's Taxonomy of Significant Learning, Feminist Theory, Critical Race Theory, and…

  2. Preparo do solo e emissão de CO2, temperatura e umidade do solo em área canavieira

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliano L. Iamaguti

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available O preparo mecânico do solo é uma das práticas agrícolas que contribuem para o aumento da perda de carbono via emissão de CO2 do solo (FCO2. Com este trabalho objetivou-se investigar o efeito de três sistemas de preparo do solo na FCO2, temperatura e umidade do solo em área de reforma da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. A área experimental foi constituída de três parcelas, cada uma recebendo um dos preparos do solo: preparo convencional (PC, subsolagem convencional (SC e subsolagem localizada (SL. A FCO2, temperatura e a umidade do solo foram avaliadas durante o período total de 17 dias. A FCO2 foi maior no preparo PC (0,75 g CO2 m-2 h-1. A temperatura do solo não diferiu (p > 0,05 entre as subsolagens: SL (26,2 ºC e SC (25,9 ºC. A umidade do solo foi maior na SL (24%, seguida pela SC (21,8% e preparo PC (18,3%. Apenas no preparo PC foi observada correlação significativa (r = –0,71; p < 0,05 entre FCO2 e a temperatura do solo. O preparo PC apresentou emissão total (2.864,3 kg CO2 ha-1, superior às emissões nas subsolagens: SC (1.970,9 kg CO2 ha-1 e SL (1.707,7 kg CO2 ha-1. A conversão do sistema de preparo PC para a SL diminuiu as emissões de CO2 do solo, reduzindo a contribuição da agricultura para o aumento dos gases de efeito estufa na atmosfera.

  3. MORFOLOGI KOTA SOLO (TAHUN 1500-2000

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Budi Prayitno

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to explore the transformation of city form and its structure in Solo which has developed from time to time. The method of this research was carried out by a-three-archive research strategy as follows: primary files; secondary files and physical files. The primary files referred to the old Javanese documentary (examples: parintah, undhang-undhang, pranatan, piyagem, kakancingan, serat, gugat, penget, babad. The secondary files referred to the document of local, national and international historians (examples: Ricklefs, Lombard, Vorstensteden, Muljana, Notosusanto, Kartodirdjo, Sajid and Javanese architecture researchers (Ronald, Ikaputra, Adishakti. While the physical files referred to the field research that was conducted by interviews and collecting the artefacts. The main findings of study of morphology in the city of Solo were: the 'skeleton' element grew in three formations (central, cluster and organic; the 'meat' element grew in three formations also (horizontal, vertical, and interstitial; and the 'blood' element increased from the native people (Javanese, Madura, Banjar to foreign people (Chinese, Arab, India, Dutch and changed from agricultural to non-agricultural activities. The other findings were the city of Solo was constructed by a-three-concept of urban design as follows: the organic concept which was conducted by native people; the colony concept which was conducted by the Dutch; and the cosmology concept which was conducted by the Javanese Kingdom. In 1500s-1750s, initially the city of Solo was a settlement grew at the bank of Bengawan Solo. Afterwards, in 1750s-1850s it developed into a combined water- and land- based urban fabric Since 1850s, the city of Solo has left the river transportation and changed into the land transportation. Moreover, in 1900s the city of Solo built the new technology of transportation and urban utilities as follows: train, tram (streetcar, electricity and water city

  4. City image towards tourist attraction (case in Solo, Central Java) examining city image of solo as tourist attraction

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wiyana, T.; Putranto, T. S.; Zulkarnain, A.; Kusdiana, R. N.

    2018-03-01

    Affective and cognitive image are two main factors that influence destination in Solo. The purpose of this research is to examine the two main factors of Solo towards tourist attraction. The research method is quantitative. Data collected from observation and survey. A total of 113 respondents obtained from accidental sampling method. The results indicate based on cognitive and affective image. Cognitive consists of culture, batik, city tagline, and community. While, affective consists of tradition, culinary, purposes, climate, and welcoming. The findings show that image has weak correlation towards tourist attraction of Solo. It means most of the tourists are not influenced by city image when they choose Solo as one of their travel destination. The differences between primary and minor image are also examined. Research implication is directed for local government to pursue continuous improvement particularly for the branding of Solo.

  5. Solo surgeon single-port laparoscopic surgery with a homemade laparoscope-anchored instrument system in benign gynecologic diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Yun Seok; Kim, Seung Hyun; Jin, Chan Hee; Oh, Kwoan Young; Hur, Myung Haeng; Kim, Soo Young; Yim, Hyun Soon

    2014-01-01

    The objective of this study was to present the initial operative experience of solo surgeon single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) in the laparoscopic treatment of benign gynecologic diseases and to investigate its feasibility and surgical outcomes. Using a novel homemade laparoscope-anchored instrument system that consisted of a laparoscopic instrument attached to a laparoscope and a glove-wound retractor umbilical port, we performed solo surgeon SPLS in 13 patients between March 2011 and June 2012. Intraoperative complications and postoperative surgical outcomes were determined. The primary operative procedures performed were unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (n = 5), unilateral salpingectomy (n = 2), adhesiolysis (n = 1), and laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (n = 5). Additional surgical procedures included additional adhesiolysis (n = 4) and ovarian drilling (n = 1).The primary indications for surgery were benign ovarian tumors (n = 5), ectopic pregnancy (n = 2), pelvic adhesion (infertility) (n = 1), and benign uterine tumors (n = 5). Solo surgeon SPLS was successfully accomplished in all procedures without a laparoscopic assistant. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Our laparoscope-anchored instrument system obviates the need for an additional laparoscopic assistant and enables SPLS to be performed by a solo surgeon. The findings show that with our system, solo surgeon SPLS is a feasible and safe alternative technique for the treatment of benign gynecologic diseases in properly selected patients. Copyright © 2014 AAGL. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Towards a Unified Taxonomy of Health Indicators: Academic Health Centers and Communities Working Together to Improve Population Health

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahmed, Syed; Franco, Zeno; Kissack, Anne; Gabriel, Davera; Hurd, Thelma; Ziegahn, Linda; Bates, Nancy J.; Calhoun, Karen; Carter-Edwards, Lori; Corbie-Smith, Giselle; Eder, Milton “Mickey”; Ferrans, Carol; Hacker, Karen; Rumala, Bernice B.; Strelnick, A. Hal; Wallerstein, Nina

    2014-01-01

    The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) program represents a significant public investment. To realize its major goal of improving the public’s health and reducing health disparities, the CTSA Consortium’s Community Engagement Key Function Committee has undertaken the challenge of developing a taxonomy of community health indicators. The objective is to initiate a unified approach for monitoring progress in improving population health outcomes. Such outcomes include, importantly, the interests and priorities of community stakeholders, plus the multiple, overlapping interests of universities and of the public health and health care professions involved in the development and use of local health care indicators. The emerging taxonomy of community health indicators that the authors propose supports alignment of CTSA activities and facilitates comparative effectiveness research across CTSAs, thereby improving the health of communities and reducing health disparities. The proposed taxonomy starts at the broadest level, determinants of health; subsequently moves to more finite categories of community health indicators; and, finally, addresses specific quantifiable measures. To illustrate the taxonomy’s application, the authors have synthesized 21 health indicator projects from the literature and categorized them into international, national, or local/special jurisdictions. They furthered categorized the projects within the taxonomy by ranking indicators with the greatest representation among projects and by ranking the frequency of specific measures. They intend for the taxonomy to provide common metrics for measuring changes to population health and, thus, extend the utility of the CTSA Community Engagement Logic Model. The input of community partners will ultimately improve population health. PMID:24556775

  7. Black Women: Double Solos in the Workplace.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fontaine, Deborah C.; Greenlee, Shelia P.

    1993-01-01

    Studies 12 black women in solo status positions in academia. Solo status is being the only member, or one of a small number, of a sex or racial group or both, in the workplace. As double solos, these women felt they had to outperform majority group counterparts. Common perceptions of barriers and facilitators are discussed. (SLD)

  8. Antecedents and outcomes of a fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance in Chinese employed parents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Jia-Fang; Siu, Oi-Ling; Spector, Paul E; Shi, Kan

    2009-04-01

    The study provided validity evidence for a fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance that comprises direction of influence (work to family vs. family to work) and types of effect (work-family conflict vs. work-family facilitation). Data were collected from 189 employed parents in China. The results obtained from a confirmatory factor analysis supported the factorial validity of the fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance with a Chinese sample. Child care responsibilities, working hours, monthly salary, and organizational family-friendly policy were positively related to the conflict component of work-family balance; whereas new parental experience, spouse support, family-friendly supervisors and coworkers had significant positive effects on the facilitation component of work-family balance. In comparison with the inconsistent effects of work-family conflict, work to family facilitation had consistent positive effects on work and life attitudes. The implications of findings in relation to China and other countries are discussed in the paper.

  9. The genus Gloriosa (Colchicaceae) : ethnobotany, phylogeny and taxonomy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Maroyi, A.

    2012-01-01

    This thesis focuses on the ethnobotany, phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Gloriosa L. over its distributional range. Some Gloriosa species are known to have economic and commercial value, but the genus is also well known for its complex alpha taxonomy. An appropriate taxonomy for this group is of

  10. Caregiving Isn't a Solo Sport

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Sport Follow us Caregiving Isn't a Solo Sport Leeza Gibbons is a leading TV talk show ... go it alone. Caregiving is not a solo sport. Identify who’s on your team. Delegate, forgive, regroup, ...

  11. Condutividade elétrica, reação do solo e acidez potencial em solos adubados com composto de lixo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. H. Abreu Junior

    2000-09-01

    Full Text Available Foram estudados os efeitos da aplicação do composto de lixo, proveniente da cidade de São Paulo (usina de compostagem São Matheus, na presença e ausência de calcário dolomítico (para elevar a saturação por bases a 70% e de adubos minerais, sobre a condutividade elétrica (CE, pH em CaCl2 0,01 mol L-1 e em água, e acidez potencial (H + Al de 21 solos ácidos e cinco solos alcalinos, nos quais o calcário foi substituído por gesso. O experimento foi realizado em condições de casa de vegetação em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas em faixas e três repetições. Foi verificado que a aplicação do composto de lixo promoveu o aumento da CE dos solos. Todavia, esse efeito foi inferior àquele causado pelos adubos minerais. Os maiores valores de CE (> 2 dS m-1 foram causados pelas aplicações do composto + calcário + adubo nos solos ácidos e do composto + adubo + gesso nos solos alcalinos. Porém, quanto maior a capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC inicial dos solos ácidos e pH inicial dos solos alcalinos, menores foram os efeitos dos tratamentos sobre o incremento da CE. A aplicação do composto promoveu, também, o aumento do pH e a redução da acidez potencial. Esse efeito do composto foi, em média, superior àquele causado pela aplicação do calcário. A aplicação conjunta do composto e calcário promoveu um efeito aditivo de seus efeitos isolados sobre o pH e acidez potencial do solo. A adição dos adubos minerais tendeu a reduzir o pH por causa da acidificação residual da uréia. Esse efeito foi bem evidente nos solos alcalinos. O aumento do pH e da CE foi acompanhado por uma diminuição na diferença entre os valores de pH medido em CaCl2 e em água, notadamente nos solos ácidos. A aplicação do composto de lixo para melhorar a acidez do solo, manejando-se adequadamente o calcário e adubos minerais nos solos ácidos ou gesso nos solos alcalinos, parece ser uma prática agrícola viável.

  12. Building a taxonomy of GI knowledge

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Arleth, Mette

    2004-01-01

    This paper reports on and ongoing study concerning non-professional users` understanding of GI. Online access to GI are offered by many public authorities, in order to make the public able to serve them selves online and gain insight in the physical planning and area administration. The aim...... of this project is to investigate how and how well non-professional users actually understand GI. For that purpose a taxonomy of GI knowledge is built, drawing on Bloom`s taxonomy. The elements of this taxonomy are described after a presentation of the main research question of the study, the applications chosen...

  13. Tumor taxonomy for the developmental lineage classification of neoplasms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Berman, Jules J

    2004-01-01

    The new 'Developmental lineage classification of neoplasms' was described in a prior publication. The classification is simple (the entire hierarchy is described with just 39 classifiers), comprehensive (providing a place for every tumor of man), and consistent with recent attempts to characterize tumors by cytogenetic and molecular features. A taxonomy is a list of the instances that populate a classification. The taxonomy of neoplasia attempts to list every known term for every known tumor of man. The taxonomy provides each concept with a unique code and groups synonymous terms under the same concept. A Perl script validated successive drafts of the taxonomy ensuring that: 1) each term occurs only once in the taxonomy; 2) each term occurs in only one tumor class; 3) each concept code occurs in one and only one hierarchical position in the classification; and 4) the file containing the classification and taxonomy is a well-formed XML (eXtensible Markup Language) document. The taxonomy currently contains 122,632 different terms encompassing 5,376 neoplasm concepts. Each concept has, on average, 23 synonyms. The taxonomy populates 'The developmental lineage classification of neoplasms,' and is available as an XML file, currently 9+ Megabytes in length. A representation of the classification/taxonomy listing each term followed by its code, followed by its full ancestry, is available as a flat-file, 19+ Megabytes in length. The taxonomy is the largest nomenclature of neoplasms, with more than twice the number of neoplasm names found in other medical nomenclatures, including the 2004 version of the Unified Medical Language System, the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terminology, the National Cancer Institute's Thesaurus, and the International Classification of Diseases Oncolology version. This manuscript describes a comprehensive taxonomy of neoplasia that collects synonymous terms under a unique code number and assigns each

  14. Taxonomy for Common-Cause Failure Vulnerability and Mitigation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wood, Richard Thomas [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Korsah, Kofi [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Mullens, James Allen [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Pullum, Laura L. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

    2015-09-01

    Applying current guidance and practices for common-cause failure (CCF) mitigation to digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems has proven problematic, and the regulatory environment has been unpredictable. The potential for CCF vulnerability inhibits I&C modernization, thereby challenging the long-term sustainability of existing plants. For new plants and advanced reactor concepts, concern about CCF vulnerability in highly integrated digital I&C systems imposes a design burden that results in higher costs and increased complexity. The regulatory uncertainty in determining which mitigation strategies will be acceptable (e.g., what diversity is needed and how much is sufficient) drives designers to adopt complicated, costly solutions devised for existing plants. To address the conditions that constrain the transition to digital I&C technology by the US nuclear industry, crosscutting research is needed to resolve uncertainty, demonstrate necessary characteristics, and establish an objective basis for qualification of digital technology for nuclear power plant (NPP) I&C applications. To fulfill this research need, Oak Ridge National Laboratory is investigating mitigation of CCF vulnerability for nuclear-qualified applications. The outcome of this research is expected to contribute to a fundamentally sound, comprehensive basis to qualify digital technology for nuclear power applications. This report documents the development of a CCF taxonomy. The basis for the CCF taxonomy was generated by determining consistent terminology and establishing a classification approach. The terminology is based on definitions from standards, guides, and relevant nuclear power industry technical reports. The classification approach is derived from identified classification schemes focused on I&C systems and key characteristics, including failure modes. The CCF taxonomy provides the basis for a systematic organization of key systems aspects relevant to analyzing the potential for

  15. The analysis of probability task completion; Taxonomy of probabilistic thinking-based across gender in elementary school students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sari, Dwi Ivayana; Budayasa, I. Ketut; Juniati, Dwi

    2017-08-01

    Formulation of mathematical learning goals now is not only oriented on cognitive product, but also leads to cognitive process, which is probabilistic thinking. Probabilistic thinking is needed by students to make a decision. Elementary school students are required to develop probabilistic thinking as foundation to learn probability at higher level. A framework of probabilistic thinking of students had been developed by using SOLO taxonomy, which consists of prestructural probabilistic thinking, unistructural probabilistic thinking, multistructural probabilistic thinking and relational probabilistic thinking. This study aimed to analyze of probability task completion based on taxonomy of probabilistic thinking. The subjects were two students of fifth grade; boy and girl. Subjects were selected by giving test of mathematical ability and then based on high math ability. Subjects were given probability tasks consisting of sample space, probability of an event and probability comparison. The data analysis consisted of categorization, reduction, interpretation and conclusion. Credibility of data used time triangulation. The results was level of boy's probabilistic thinking in completing probability tasks indicated multistructural probabilistic thinking, while level of girl's probabilistic thinking in completing probability tasks indicated unistructural probabilistic thinking. The results indicated that level of boy's probabilistic thinking was higher than level of girl's probabilistic thinking. The results could contribute to curriculum developer in developing probability learning goals for elementary school students. Indeed, teachers could teach probability with regarding gender difference.

  16. Solo and keratin filaments regulate epithelial tubule morphology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nishimura, Ryosuke; Kato, Kagayaki; Fujiwara, Sachiko; Ohashi, Kazumasa; Mizuno, Kensaku

    2018-04-28

    Epithelial tubules, consisting of the epithelial cell sheet with a central lumen, are the basic structure of many organs. Mechanical forces play an important role in epithelial tubulogenesis; however, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the mechanical forces during epithelial tubule morphogenesis. Solo (also known as ARHGEF40) is a RhoA-targeting guanine-nucleotide exchange factor that is involved in mechanical force-induced RhoA activation and stress fiber formation. Solo binds to keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) filaments, and this interaction plays a crucial role in mechanotransduction. In this study, we examined the roles of Solo and K8/K18 filaments in epithelial tubulogenesis using MDCK cells cultured in 3D collagen gels. Knockdown of either Solo or K18 resulted in rounder tubules with increased lumen size, indicating that Solo and K8/K18 filaments play critical roles in forming the elongated morphology of epithelial tubules. Moreover, knockdown of Solo or K18 decreased the level of diphosphorylated myosin light chain (a marker of contractile force) at the luminal and outer surfaces of tubules, suggesting that Solo and K8/K18 filaments are involved in the generation of the myosin II-mediated contractile force during epithelial tubule morphogenesis. In addition, K18 filaments were normally oriented along the long axis of the tubule, but knockdown of Solo perturbed their orientation. These results suggest that Solo plays crucial roles in forming the elongated morphology of epithelial tubules and in regulating myosin II activity and K18 filament organization during epithelial tubule formation.

  17. Are Faculty Predictions or Item Taxonomies Useful for Estimating the Outcome of Multiple-Choice Examinations?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kibble, Jonathan D.; Johnson, Teresa

    2011-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether multiple-choice item difficulty could be predicted either by a subjective judgment by the question author or by applying a learning taxonomy to the items. Eight physiology faculty members teaching an upper-level undergraduate human physiology course consented to participate in the study. The…

  18. A Rain Taxonomy for Degraded Visual Environment Mitigation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gatlin, P. N.; Petersen, W. A.

    2018-01-01

    This Technical Memorandum (TM) provides a description of a rainfall taxonomy that defines the detailed characteristics of naturally occurring rainfall. The taxonomy is based on raindrop size measurements collected around the globe and encompasses several different climate types. Included in this TM is a description of these rainfall observations, an explanation of methods used to process those data, and resultant metrics comprising the rain taxonomy database. Each of the categories in the rain taxonomy are characterized by a unique set of raindrop sizes that can be used in simulations of electromagnetic wave propagation through a rain medium.

  19. A Taxonomy of Manufacturing Strategies

    OpenAIRE

    Jeffrey G. Miller; Aleda V. Roth

    1994-01-01

    This paper describes the development and analysis of a numerical taxonomy of manufacturing strategies. The taxonomy was developed with standard methods of cluster analysis, and is based on the relative importance attached to eleven competitive capabilities defining the manufacturing task of 164 large American manufacturing business units. Three distinct clusters of manufacturing strategy groups were observed. Though there is an industry effect, all three manufacturing strategy types are obser...

  20. A profile of solo/two-physician practices.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Doohee; Fiack, Kelly James; Knapp, Kenneth Michael

    2014-01-01

    Understanding practice behaviors of solo/dual physician ownership and associated factors at the national level is important information for policymakers and clinicians in response to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, but poorly understood in the literature. We analyzed nationally representative data (n = 4,720). The study results reveal nearly 33% of the sample reported solo/two-physician practices. Male/minority/older physicians, psychiatrists, favor small practices. Greater market competition was perceived and less charity care was given among solo/two-physician practitioners. The South region was favored by small physician practitioners. Physicians in solo or two-person practices provided fewer services to chronic patients and were dissatisfied with their overall career in medicine. Small practices were favored by international medical graduates (IMGs) and primary care physicians (PCPs). Overall our data suggest that the role of solo/dual physician practices is fading away in the delivery of medicine. Our findings shed light on varied characteristics and practice behaviors of solo/two-physician practitioners, but more research may be needed to reevaluate the potential role of small physician practitioners and find a way to foster a private physician practice model in the context of the newly passed ACA of 2010.

  1. The Freedom Solo pericardial stentless valve: Single-center experience, outcomes, and long-term durability.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stanger, Olaf; Bleuel, Irina; Gisler, Fabian; Göber, Volkhard; Reineke, Sylvia; Gahl, Brigitta; Aymard, Thierry; Englberger, Lars; Carrel, Thierry; Tevaearai, Hendrik

    2015-07-01

    To report our institutional experience and long-term results with the Freedom Solo bovine pericardial stentless bioprosthesis (Sorin Group, Saluggia, Italy). Between January 2005 and November 2009, 149 patients (mean age, 73.6 ± 8.7 years; 68 [45.6%] female) underwent isolated (n = 75) or combined (n = 74) aortic valve replacement (AVR) using the Solo in our institution. Follow-up was 100% complete with an average follow-up time of 5.9 ± 2.6 years (maximum, 9.6 years) and a total of 885.3 patient years. Operative (30-day) mortality was 2.7% (1.3% for isolated AVR [n = 1] and 4.0% for combined procedures [n = 3]). All causes of death were not valve-related. Preoperative peak (mean) gradients of 74.2 ± 23.0 mm Hg (48.6 ± 16.3 mm Hg) decreased to 15.6 ± 5.4 mm Hg (8.8 ± 3.0 mm Hg) after AVR, and remained low for up to 9 years. The postoperative effective orifice area was 1.6 ± 0.57 cm(2), 1.90 ± 0.45 cm(2), 2.12 ± 0.48 cm(2), and 2.20 ± 0.66 cm(2) for the valve sizes 21, 23, 25, and 27, respectively, with absence of severe prosthesis-patient mismatch and 0.7% (n = 1) experienced moderate prosthesis-patient mismatch. During follow-up, 26 patients experienced structural valve deterioration (SVD) and 14 patients underwent explantation. Kaplan-Meier estimates for freedom from death, explantation, and SVD at 9 years averaged 0.57 (range, 0.47-0.66), 0.82 (range, 0.69-0.90), and 0.70 (range, 0.57-0.79), respectively. The Freedom Solo stentless aortic valve is safe to implant and shows excellent early and midterm hemodynamic performance. However, SVD was observed in a substantial number of patients after only 5-6 years and the need for explantation increased markedly, suggesting low durability. Copyright © 2015 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  2. Densidade do solo, atributos químicos e sistema radicular do milho afetados pelo pastejo e manejo do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. R. Silva

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available A integração lavoura-pecuária é uma alternativa de renda dos produtores no sul do Brasil. Entretanto, o pisoteio animal e, ou, o preparo de solo podem compactá-lo, prejudicando o crescimento radicular e a produtividade das plantas. Estudaram-se os efeitos do pisoteio animal em regime de pastejo contínuo durante o inverno/primavera e do impacto do plantio direto e do preparo convencional de solo no estado de compactação, atributos químicos e distribuição radicular. Em Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo de textura superficial franca, foi implantada uma pastagem de estação fria composta por aveia (Avena strigosa Schreb e azevém (Lolium multiflorum L.. A carga animal variou conforme o crescimento da pastagem. Em dezembro de 1996, foi implantada a cultura do milho (Zea mays L. para a produção de silagem, usando os seguintes tratamentos: plantio direto na área não pastejada, plantio direto após o pastejo, preparo convencional de solo na área não pastejada e preparo convencional de solo após pastejo. As avaliações apresentadas neste estudo são referentes ao terceiro ano de cultivo, no qual houve um período de pastejo de 107 dias. Aos 45 dias da emergência do milho, foram abertas trincheiras (100 x 40 cm para visualizar a distribuição do sistema radicular e coletar amostras de solo, a cada 5 cm, para caracterização química e determinação da densidade do solo e de raízes. Ao longo do perfil (0-40 cm, o desenho da distribuição de raízes indicou maior quantidade de raízes no preparo convencional de solo, concordando com os resultados de densidade de raízes. O pisoteio animal não teve efeito sobre as características físicas, possivelmente pelo fato de o resíduo da pastagem permanecer próximo a 1,0 Mg ha-1 de matéria seca. A densidade do solo no plantio direto, na camada de 5-10 cm, foi de 1,41 Mg m-3, tanto na área pastejada como na não pastejada. No preparo convencional de solo, esses valores foram de 1,15 Mg m-3

  3. EPA Web Taxonomy

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — EPA's Web Taxonomy is a faceted hierarchical vocabulary used to tag web pages with terms from a controlled vocabulary. Tagging enables search and discovery of EPA's...

  4. A new taxonomy of sublinear keyword pattern matching algorithms

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Cleophas, L.G.W.A.; Watson, B.W.; Zwaan, G.

    2004-01-01

    Abstract This paper presents a new taxonomy of sublinear (multiple) keyword pattern matching algorithms. Based on an earlier taxonomy by Watson and Zwaan [WZ96, WZ95], this new taxonomy includes not only suffix-based algorithms related to the Boyer-Moore, Commentz-Walter and Fan-Su algorithms, but

  5. Scientific teaching: defining a taxonomy of observable practices.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Couch, Brian A; Brown, Tanya L; Schelpat, Tyler J; Graham, Mark J; Knight, Jennifer K

    2015-03-02

    Over the past several decades, numerous reports have been published advocating for changes to undergraduate science education. These national calls inspired the formation of the National Academies Summer Institutes on Undergraduate Education in Biology (SI), a group of regional workshops to help faculty members learn and implement interactive teaching methods. The SI curriculum promotes a pedagogical framework called Scientific Teaching (ST), which aims to bring the vitality of modern research into the classroom by engaging students in the scientific discovery process and using student data to inform the ongoing development of teaching methods. With the spread of ST, the need emerges to systematically define its components in order to establish a common description for education researchers and practitioners. We describe the development of a taxonomy detailing ST's core elements and provide data from classroom observations and faculty surveys in support of its applicability within undergraduate science courses. The final taxonomy consists of 15 pedagogical goals and 37 supporting practices, specifying observable behaviors, artifacts, and features associated with ST. This taxonomy will support future educational efforts by providing a framework for researchers studying the processes and outcomes of ST-based course transformations as well as a concise guide for faculty members developing classes. © 2015 B. A. Couch et al. CBE—Life Sciences Education © 2015 The American Society for Cell Biology. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). It is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

  6. Análise de componentes principais de atributos físicos, químicos e mineralógicos de solos do bioma cerrado Principal component analysis of physical, chemical, and mineralogical attributes of the cerrado biome soils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. B. V. Gomes

    2004-02-01

    Full Text Available Com o intuito de avaliar diferenças de comportamento entre solos das superfícies geomórficas Sul-Americana e Velhas da região dos Cerrados, todos sob uso atual de cobertura vegetal nativa, foram realizadas caracterizações físicas, químicas e mineralógicas, bem como feitas análises de componentes principais desses atributos. Com os solos referenciados por sub-região e pela superfície geomórfica que representam, três agrupamentos foram constituídos: Grupo 1: solos de textura argilosa a muito argilosa e hipo a mesoférricos; Grupo 2: solos de textura média a arenosa e hipoférricos; e Grupo 3: solos de textura argilosa a muito argilosa e férricos. A retenção de água dos horizontes superficiais dos solos estudados foi positivamente correlacionada com os teores de argila e carbono orgânico. Os solos do Grupo 3 apresentaram a maior oferta de bases trocáveis dos horizontes superficiais, o que foi relacionado, em grande parte, com a maior reciclagem imposta pela formação florestal local, quando comparada à da formação de cerrado, presente em 31 dos 33 perfis de solos dos Grupos 1 e 2. O Grupo 3, diferenciado pelos elevados teores de Fe herdados do material de origem, é o grupo mais homogêneo em termos mineralógicos, com todos os perfis hematíticos. Os Grupos 1 e 2 apresentam sobreposição de composição mineralógica, sendo o Grupo 1, em termos médios, mais gibbsítico do que o Grupo 2. A maior eficácia do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos, relativamente ao Soil Taxonomy, em discriminar os solos estudados é resultante do uso do caráter férrico concomitantemente a outros atributos comuns aos dois sistemas. A análise de componentes principais auxiliou no entendimento das diferenças e similaridades dos ambientes pedológicos separados no campo.Behavior differences between soils of the South-American and Velhas geomorphic surfaces of the Cerrado region, all of them under native vegetation cover, were

  7. Een revisie van de taxonomie van gifkikkers

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Poelman, E.H.

    2007-01-01

    Recent kwam het lang verwachte ruim tweehonderdvijftig pagina`s tellende manuscript uit met daarin een revisie van de taxonomie van gifkikkers. De auteurs onder leiding van Taran Grant stellen een nieuwe taxonomie voor, die de familie Dendrobatidae met haar tien algemener geaccepteerde genera

  8. Biodiversidade do solo em ecossistemas brasileiros

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Moreira, F.M.S.; Siqueira, J.O.; Brussaard, L.

    2008-01-01

    Biodiversidade do Solo em Ecossistemas Brasileiros R,00 O solo é considerado o ecossistema mais complexo e dinâmico do planeta, cuja heterogeneidade de habitats, que varia na escala de nanômetros até quilômetros, abriga enorme biodiversidade que desempenha papel essencial para a continuida¬de dos

  9. "Go Somewhere, Do Something". How Students Responded to the Opportunity to Complete an Unstructured, Five-Day, Wilderness Solo in the Cantabrian Mountains, Northern Spain

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Liz

    2010-01-01

    This study explored the response of 28, second year undergraduate students to an innovative approach to a five-day solo. Periods of solitude are more likely to lead to positive outcomes when they are freely chosen than when they are programmed as part of a course. The extent to which a programmed solo can be "freely chosen" by the…

  10. Taxonomy of Payments

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hedman, Jonas; Tan, Felix B.; Holst, Jacques

    2017-01-01

    that impact payers’ choice of payment instruments. Design/methodology/approach: Through in-depth interviews using the repertory grid technique, the authors explored 15 payers’ perceptions of six payment instruments, including coins, banknotes, debit cards, credit cards, mobile payments, and online banking....... The approach draws heavily on organizational systematics to better understand payers’ choice of payment instruments. Findings: A four-category taxonomy of payments was developed. The authors refer to the taxonomy as the 4Ps: the purchase, the payer, the payment instrument, and the physical technology...... or checks. Research limitations/implications: The findings suggest that payers view payment instruments in a much broader sense, including context, control, or cultural beliefs. Consequently, the authors suggest that researchers try to understand the essence of an innovation before assuming any economic...

  11. Taxonomies of Educational Technology Uses: Dewey, Chip and Me

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levin, James A.

    2014-01-01

    In the early 1990s, Chip Bruce created a taxonomy of education technology uses, which the author of the article helped to expand and evaluate. This taxonomy is based on John Dewey's "four impulses of the child": inquiry, construction, communication, and expression. This taxonomy has helped people interested in the uses of…

  12. Organising knowledge taxonomies, knowledge and organisational effectiveness

    CERN Document Server

    Lambe, Patrick

    2007-01-01

    Taxonomies are often thought to play a niche role within content-oriented knowledge management projects. They are thought to be 'nice to have' but not essential. In this ground-breaking book, Patrick Lambe shows how they play an integral role in helping organizations coordinate and communicate effectively. Through a series of case studies, he demonstrates the range of ways in which taxonomies can help organizations to leverage and articulate their knowledge. A step-by-step guide in the book to running a taxonomy project is full of practical advice for knowledge managers and business owners ali

  13. Solo-Surgeon Retroauricular Approach Endoscopic Thyroidectomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Doh Young; Baek, Seung-Kuk; Jung, Kwang-Yoon

    2017-01-01

    This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of solo-surgeon retroauricular thyroidectomy. For solo-surgery, we used an Endoeye Flex Laparo-Thoraco Videoscope (Olympus America, Inc.). A Vitom Karl Storz holding system (Karl Storz GmbH & Co.) composed of several bars connected by a ball-joint system was used for fixation of endoscope. A snake retractor and a brain-spoon retractor were used on the sternocleidomastoid. Endoscopic thyroidectomy using the solo-surgeon technique was performed in 10 patients having papillary thyroid carcinoma. The mean patient age was 36.0 ± 11.1 years, and all patients were female. There were no postoperative complications such as vocal cord paralysis and hematoma. When compared with the operating times and volume of drainage of a control group of 100 patients who underwent surgery through the conventional retroauricular approach between May 2013 and December 2015, the operating times and volume of drainage were not significantly different (P = .781 and .541, respectively). Solo-surgeon retroauricular thyroidectomy is safe and feasible when performed by a surgeon competent in endoscopic thyroidectomy.

  14. Spumaretroviruses: Updated taxonomy and nomenclature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Khan, Arifa S; Bodem, Jochen; Buseyne, Florence; Gessain, Antoine; Johnson, Welkin; Kuhn, Jens H; Kuzmak, Jacek; Lindemann, Dirk; Linial, Maxine L; Löchelt, Martin; Materniak-Kornas, Magdalena; Soares, Marcelo A; Switzer, William M

    2018-03-01

    Spumaretroviruses, commonly referred to as foamy viruses, are complex retroviruses belonging to the subfamily Spumaretrovirinae, family Retroviridae, which naturally infect a variety of animals including nonhuman primates (NHPs). Additionally, cross-species transmissions of simian foamy viruses (SFVs) to humans have occurred following exposure to tissues of infected NHPs. Recent research has led to the identification of previously unknown exogenous foamy viruses, and to the discovery of endogenous spumaretrovirus sequences in a variety of host genomes. Here, we describe an updated spumaretrovirus taxonomy that has been recently accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Executive Committee, and describe a virus nomenclature that is generally consistent with that used for other retroviruses, such as lentiviruses and deltaretroviruses. This taxonomy can be applied to distinguish different, but closely related, primate (e.g., human, ape, simian) foamy viruses as well as those from other hosts. This proposal accounts for host-virus co-speciation and cross-species transmission. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  15. An Android Communication App Forensic Taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azfar, Abdullah; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Liu, Lin

    2016-09-01

    Due to the popularity of Android devices and applications (apps), Android forensics is one of the most studied topics within mobile forensics. Communication apps, such as instant messaging and Voice over IP (VoIP), are one popular app category used by mobile device users, including criminals. Therefore, a taxonomy outlining artifacts of forensic interest involving the use of Android communication apps will facilitate the timely collection and analysis of evidentiary materials from such apps. In this paper, 30 popular Android communication apps were examined, where a logical extraction of the Android phone images was collected using XRY, a widely used mobile forensic tool. Various information of forensic interest, such as contact lists and chronology of messages, was recovered. Based on the findings, a two-dimensional taxonomy of the forensic artifacts of the communication apps is proposed, with the app categories in one dimension and the classes of artifacts in the other dimension. Finally, the artifacts identified in the study of the 30 communication apps are summarized using the taxonomy. It is expected that the proposed taxonomy and the forensic findings in this paper will assist forensic investigations involving Android communication apps. © 2016 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

  16. Unravelling the tangled taxonomies of health informatics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    David Barrett

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Even though informatics is a term used commonly in healthcare, it can be a confusing and disengaging one. Many definitions exist in the literature, and attempts have been made to develop a clear taxonomy. Despite this, informatics is still a term that lacks clarity in both its scope and the classification of sub-terms that it encompasses.This paper reviews the importance of an agreed taxonomy and explores the challenges of establishing exactly what is meant by health informatics (HI. It reviews what a taxonomy should do, summarises previous attempts at categorising and organising HI and suggests the elements to consider when seeking to develop a system of classification.The paper does not provide all the answers, but it does clarify the questions. By plotting a path towards a taxonomy of HI, it will be possible to enhance understanding and optimise the benefits of embracing technology in clinical practice.

  17. A taxonomy of behaviour change methods: an Intervention Mapping approach.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kok, Gerjo; Gottlieb, Nell H; Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y; Mullen, Patricia Dolan; Parcel, Guy S; Ruiter, Robert A C; Fernández, María E; Markham, Christine; Bartholomew, L Kay

    2016-09-01

    In this paper, we introduce the Intervention Mapping (IM) taxonomy of behaviour change methods and its potential to be developed into a coding taxonomy. That is, although IM and its taxonomy of behaviour change methods are not in fact new, because IM was originally developed as a tool for intervention development, this potential was not immediately apparent. Second, in explaining the IM taxonomy and defining the relevant constructs, we call attention to the existence of parameters for effectiveness of methods, and explicate the related distinction between theory-based methods and practical applications and the probability that poor translation of methods may lead to erroneous conclusions as to method-effectiveness. Third, we recommend a minimal set of intervention characteristics that may be reported when intervention descriptions and evaluations are published. Specifying these characteristics can greatly enhance the quality of our meta-analyses and other literature syntheses. In conclusion, the dynamics of behaviour change are such that any taxonomy of methods of behaviour change needs to acknowledge the importance of, and provide instruments for dealing with, three conditions for effectiveness for behaviour change methods. For a behaviour change method to be effective: (1) it must target a determinant that predicts behaviour; (2) it must be able to change that determinant; (3) it must be translated into a practical application in a way that preserves the parameters for effectiveness and fits with the target population, culture, and context. Thus, taxonomies of methods of behaviour change must distinguish the specific determinants that are targeted, practical, specific applications, and the theory-based methods they embody. In addition, taxonomies should acknowledge that the lists of behaviour change methods will be used by, and should be used by, intervention developers. Ideally, the taxonomy should be readily usable for this goal; but alternatively, it should be

  18. A taxonomy of behaviour change methods: an Intervention Mapping approach

    OpenAIRE

    Kok, Gerjo; Gottlieb, Nell H.; Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y.; Mullen, Patricia Dolan; Parcel, Guy S.; Ruiter, Robert A.C.; Fern?ndez, Mar?a E.; Markham, Christine; Bartholomew, L. Kay

    2015-01-01

    ABSTRACT In this paper, we introduce the Intervention Mapping (IM) taxonomy of behaviour change methods and its potential to be developed into a coding taxonomy. That is, although IM and its taxonomy of behaviour change methods are not in fact new, because IM was originally developed as a tool for intervention development, this potential was not immediately apparent. Second, in explaining the IM taxonomy and defining the relevant constructs, we call attention to the existence of parameters fo...

  19. 14 CFR 61.93 - Solo cross-country flight requirements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-01

    ... 14 Aeronautics and Space 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Solo cross-country flight requirements. 61... Solo cross-country flight requirements. (a) General. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a student pilot must meet the requirements of this section before— (i) Conducting a solo cross...

  20. Bloom's Taxonomy: Improving Assessment and Teaching-Learning Process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chandio, Muhammad Tufail; Pandhiani, Saima Murtaza; Iqbal, Rabia

    2016-01-01

    This research study critically analyzes the scope and contribution of Bloom's Taxonomy in both assessment and teaching-learning process. Bloom's Taxonomy consists of six stages, namely; remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating and creating and moves from lower degree to the higher degree. The study applies Bloom's Taxonomy to…

  1. Classification and taxonomy of vegetable macergens

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bukola Rhoda Aremu

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Macergens are bacteria capable of releasing pectic enzymes (pectolytic bacteria. These enzymatic actions result in the separation of plant tissues leading to total plant destruction. This can be attributed to soft rot diseases in vegetables. These macergens primarily belong to the genus Erwinia and to a range of opportunistic pathogens namely: the Xanthomonas spp, Pseudomonas spp., Clostridium spp., Cytophaga spp. and Bacillus spp. They consist of taxa that displayed considerable heterogeneity and intermingled with members of other genera belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae. They have been classified based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic which obviously not necessary in the taxonomy of all bacterial genera for defining bacterial species and describing new ones These taxonomic markers have been used traditionally as a simple technique for identification of bacterial isolates. The most important fields of taxonomy are supposed to be based on clear, reliable and worldwide applicable criteria. Hence, this review clarifies the taxonomy of the macergens to the species level and revealed that their taxonomy is beyond complete. For discovery of additional species, further research with the use modern molecular methods like phylogenomics need to be done. This can precisely define classification of macergens resulting in occasional, but significant changes in previous taxonomic schemes of these macergens.

  2. Forensic Taxonomy of Android Social Apps.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Azfar, Abdullah; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Liu, Lin

    2017-03-01

    An Android social app taxonomy incorporating artifacts that are of forensic interest will enable users and forensic investigators to identify the personally identifiable information (PII) stored by the apps. In this study, 30 popular Android social apps were examined. Artifacts of forensic interest (e.g., contacts lists, chronology of messages, and timestamp of an added contact) were recovered. In addition, images were located, and Facebook token strings used to tie account identities and gain access to information entered into Facebook by a user were identified. Based on the findings, a two-dimensional taxonomy of the forensic artifacts of the social apps is proposed. A comparative summary of existing forensic taxonomies of different categories of Android apps, designed to facilitate timely collection and analysis of evidentiary materials from Android devices, is presented. © 2016 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

  3. Taxonomy of Streptomyces strains isolated from rhizospheres of ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Taxonomy of Streptomyces strains isolated from rhizospheres of various plant species grown in Taif region, KSA, having antagonistic activities against some microbial tissue ... African Journal of Biotechnology ... Keywords: Taxonomy, Streptomyces, microbial tissue culture contaminants, antagonistic activities, 16S rRNA

  4. A Taxonomy of Medical Uncertainties in Clinical Genome Sequencing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Han, Paul K. J.; Umstead, Kendall L.; Bernhardt, Barbara A.; Green, Robert C.; Joffe, Steven; Koenig, Barbara; Krantz, Ian; Waterston, Leo B.; Biesecker, Leslie G.; Biesecker, Barbara B.

    2017-01-01

    Purpose Clinical next generation sequencing (CNGS) is introducing new opportunities and challenges into the practice of medicine. Simultaneously, these technologies are generating uncertainties of unprecedented scale that laboratories, clinicians, and patients are required to address and manage. We describe in this report the conceptual design of a new taxonomy of uncertainties around the use of CNGS in health care. Methods Interviews to delineate the dimensions of uncertainty in CNGS were conducted with genomics experts, and themes were extracted in order to expand upon a previously published three-dimensional taxonomy of medical uncertainty. In parallel we developed an interactive website to disseminate the CNGS taxonomy to researchers and engage them in its continued refinement. Results The proposed taxonomy divides uncertainty along three axes: source, issue, and locus, and further discriminates the uncertainties into five layers with multiple domains. Using a hypothetical clinical example, we illustrate how the taxonomy can be applied to findings from CNGS and used to guide stakeholders through interpretation and implementation of variant results. Conclusion The utility of the proposed taxonomy lies in promoting consistency in describing dimensions of uncertainty in publications and presentations, to facilitate research design and management of the uncertainties inherent in the implementation of CNGS. PMID:28102863

  5. A refined taxonomy of behaviour change techniques to help people change their physical activity and healthy eating behaviours: the CALO-RE taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michie, Susan; Ashford, Stefanie; Sniehotta, Falko F; Dombrowski, Stephan U; Bishop, Alex; French, David P

    2011-11-01

    Current reporting of intervention content in published research articles and protocols is generally poor, with great diversity of terminology, resulting in low replicability. This study aimed to extend the scope and improve the reliability of a 26-item taxonomy of behaviour change techniques developed by Abraham and Michie [Abraham, C. and Michie, S. (2008). A taxonomy of behaviour change techniques used in interventions. Health Psychology, 27(3), 379-387.] in order to optimise the reporting and scientific study of behaviour change interventions. Three UK study centres collaborated in applying this existing taxonomy to two systematic reviews of interventions to increase physical activity and healthy eating. The taxonomy was refined in iterative steps of (1) coding intervention descriptions, and assessing inter-rater reliability, (2) identifying gaps and problems across study centres and (3) refining the labels and definitions based on consensus discussions. Labels and definitions were improved for all techniques, conceptual overlap between categories was resolved, some categories were split and 14 techniques were added, resulting in a 40-item taxonomy. Inter-rater reliability, assessed on 50 published intervention descriptions, was good (kappa = 0.79). This taxonomy can be used to improve the specification of interventions in published reports, thus improving replication, implementation and evidence syntheses. This will strengthen the scientific study of behaviour change and intervention development.

  6. Solo and Distributed Leadership: Definitions and Dilemmas

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crawford, Megan

    2012-01-01

    This article discusses solo and distributed leadership. Using the anniversary of "Educational Management Administration & Leadership" as a focal point, it looks back over the last 40 years of "EMAL", using this to frame a wider discussion of the relationship between solo and distributed leadership approaches. It acknowledges other approaches to…

  7. Increasing educational attainment and mortality reduction: a systematic review and taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Byhoff, Elena; Hamati, Mary C; Power, Robyn; Burgard, Sarah A; Chopra, Vineet

    2017-09-18

    Understanding the relationship between increasing educational attainment and mortality reduction has important policy and public health implications. This systematic review of the literature establishes a taxonomy to facilitate evaluation of the association between educational attainment and early mortality. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed and hand searches of references for English-language primary data analyses using education as an independent variable and mortality as a dependent variable. Initial searches were undertaken in February 2015 and updated in April 2016. One thousand, seven hundred and eleven unique articles were identified, 418 manuscripts were screened and 262 eligible studies were included in the review. After an iterative review process, the literature was divided into four study domains: (1) all-cause mortality (n = 68, 26.0%), (2) outcome-specific mortality (n = 89, 34.0%), (3) explanatory pathways (n = 51, 19.5%), and (4) trends over time (n = 54, 20.6%). These four domains comprise a novel taxonomy that can be implemented to better quantify the relationship between education and mortality. We propose an organizational taxonomy for the education-mortality literature based upon study characteristics that will allow for a more in-depth understanding of this association. Our review suggests that studies that include mediators or subgroups can explain part, but not all, of the relationship between education and early mortality. PROSPERO registration # CRD42015017182 .

  8. Diagnosis - the limiting focus of taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sturmberg, Joachim P; Martin, Carmel M

    2016-02-01

    The focus on the diagnosis is a pivotal aspect of medical practice since antiquity. Diagnostic taxonomy helped to categorize ailments to improve medical care, and in its social sense resulted in validation of the sick role for some, but marginalization or stigmatization for others. In the medical industrial complex, diagnostic taxonomy structured health care financing, management and practitioner remuneration. However, with increasing demands from multiple agencies, there are increasing unintended and unwarranted consequences of our current taxonomies and diagnostic processes resulting from the conglomeration of underpinning concepts, theories, information and motivations. We argue that the increasing focus on the diagnosis resulted in excessive compartmentalization - 'partialism' - of medical practice, diminishing medical care and being naively simplistic in light of the emerging understanding of the interconnected nature of the diseasome. The human is a complex organic system of interconnecting dynamics and feedback loops responding to internal and external forces including genetic, epigenetic and environmental attractors, rather than the sum of multiple discrete organs which can develop isolated diseases or multiple morbidities. Solutions to these unintended consequences of many contemporary health system processes involve revisiting the nature of diagnostic taxonomies and the processes of their construction. A dynamic taxonomic framework would shift to more relevant attractors at personal, clinical and health system levels recognizing the non-linear nature of health and disease. Human health at an individual, group and population level is the ability to adapt to internal and external stressors with resilience throughout the life course, yet diagnostic taxonomies are increasingly constructed around fixed anchors. Understanding diagnosis as dissecting, pigeonholing or bean counting (learning by dividing) is no longer useful, the challenge for the future is to

  9. The ACTTION-American Pain Society Pain Taxonomy (AAPT): an evidence-based and multidimensional approach to classifying chronic pain conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fillingim, Roger B; Bruehl, Stephen; Dworkin, Robert H; Dworkin, Samuel F; Loeser, John D; Turk, Dennis C; Widerstrom-Noga, Eva; Arnold, Lesley; Bennett, Robert; Edwards, Robert R; Freeman, Roy; Gewandter, Jennifer; Hertz, Sharon; Hochberg, Marc; Krane, Elliot; Mantyh, Patrick W; Markman, John; Neogi, Tuhina; Ohrbach, Richard; Paice, Judith A; Porreca, Frank; Rappaport, Bob A; Smith, Shannon M; Smith, Thomas J; Sullivan, Mark D; Verne, G Nicholas; Wasan, Ajay D; Wesselmann, Ursula

    2014-03-01

    Current approaches to classification of chronic pain conditions suffer from the absence of a systematically implemented and evidence-based taxonomy. Moreover, existing diagnostic approaches typically fail to incorporate available knowledge regarding the biopsychosocial mechanisms contributing to pain conditions. To address these gaps, the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations Innovations Opportunities and Networks (ACTTION) public-private partnership with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the American Pain Society (APS) have joined together to develop an evidence-based chronic pain classification system called the ACTTION-APS Pain Taxonomy. This paper describes the outcome of an ACTTION-APS consensus meeting, at which experts agreed on a structure for this new taxonomy of chronic pain conditions. Several major issues around which discussion revolved are presented and summarized, and the structure of the taxonomy is presented. ACTTION-APS Pain Taxonomy will include the following dimensions: 1) core diagnostic criteria; 2) common features; 3) common medical comorbidities; 4) neurobiological, psychosocial, and functional consequences; and 5) putative neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms, risk factors, and protective factors. In coming months, expert working groups will apply this taxonomy to clusters of chronic pain conditions, thereby developing a set of diagnostic criteria that have been consistently and systematically implemented across nearly all common chronic pain conditions. It is anticipated that the availability of this evidence-based and mechanistic approach to pain classification will be of substantial benefit to chronic pain research and treatment. The ACTTION-APS Pain Taxonomy is an evidence-based chronic pain classification system designed to classify chronic pain along the following dimensions: 1) core diagnostic criteria; 2) common features; 3) common medical comorbidities; 4) neurobiological, psychosocial

  10. Mathematics, curriculum and assessment: The role of taxonomies in the quest for coherence

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caroline Long

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available A challenge encountered when monitoring mathematics teaching and learning at high school is that taxonomies such as Bloom’s, and variations of this work, are not entirely adequate for providing meaningful feedback to teachers beyond very general cognitive categories that are difficult to interpret. Challenges of this nature are also encountered in the setting of examinations, where the requirement is to cover a range of skills and cognitive domains. The contestation as to the cognitive level is inevitable as it is necessary to analyse the relationship between the problem and the learners’ background experience. The challenge in the project described in this article was to find descriptive terms that would be meaningful to teachers. The first attempt at providing explicit feedback was to apply the assessment frameworks that include a content component and a cognitive component, namely knowledge, routine procedures, complex procedures and problem solving, currently used in the South African curriculum documents. The second attempt investigated various taxonomies, including those used in international assessments and in mathematics education research, for constructs that teachers of mathematics might find meaningful. The final outcome of this investigation was to apply the dimensions required to understand a mathematical concept proposed by Usiskin (2012: the skills-algorithm, property-proof, use-application and representation-metaphor dimension. A feature of these dimensions is that they are not hierarchical; rather, within each of the dimensions, the mathematical task may demand recall but may also demand the highest level of creativity. For our purpose, we developed a two-way matrix using Usiskin’s dimensions on one axis and a variation of Bloom’s revised taxonomy on the second axis. Our findings are that this two-way matrix provides an alternative to current taxonomies, is more directly applicable to mathematics and provides the

  11. Company Taxonomy development

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lund, Haakon; Ørnager, Susanne

    2016-01-01

    analyses of search log-files from WFP intranet portal (WFPgo) from September to November 2013, the results were applied and a suggested taxonomy tested at workshops conducted for the staff in headquarters. Findings – The results reveal an organization with a high demand for easier access to information...

  12. DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy: an integrated approach for biodiversity conservation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sheth, Bhavisha P; Thaker, Vrinda S

    2017-07-01

    Biological diversity is depleting at an alarming rate. Additionally, a vast amount of biodiversity still remains undiscovered. Taxonomy has been serving the purpose of describing, naming, and classifying species for more than 250 years. DNA taxonomy and barcoding have accelerated the rate of this process, thereby providing a tool for conservation practice. DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy have their own inherent merits and demerits. The synergistic use of both methods, in the form of integrative taxonomy, has the potential to contribute to biodiversity conservation in a pragmatic timeframe and overcome their individual drawbacks. In this review, we discuss the basics of both these methods of biological identification (traditional taxonomy and DNA barcoding), the technical advances in integrative taxonomy, and future trends. We also present a comprehensive compilation of published examples of integrative taxonomy that refer to nine topics within biodiversity conservation. Morphological and molecular species limits were observed to be congruent in ∼41% of the 58 source studies. The majority of the studies highlighted the description of cryptic diversity through the use of molecular data, whereas research areas like endemism, biological invasion, and threatened species were less discussed in the literature.

  13. Taxonomy of the extrasolar planet.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Plávalová, Eva

    2012-04-01

    When a star is described as a spectral class G2V, we know that the star is similar to our Sun. We know its approximate mass, temperature, age, and size. When working with an extrasolar planet database, it is very useful to have a taxonomy scale (classification) such as, for example, the Harvard classification for stars. The taxonomy has to be easily interpreted and present the most relevant information about extrasolar planets. I propose an extrasolar planet taxonomy scale with four parameters. The first parameter concerns the mass of an extrasolar planet in the form of units of the mass of other known planets, where M represents the mass of Mercury, E that of Earth, N Neptune, and J Jupiter. The second parameter is the planet's distance from its parent star (semimajor axis) described in a logarithm with base 10. The third parameter is the mean Dyson temperature of the extrasolar planet, for which I established four main temperature classes: F represents the Freezing class, W the Water class, G the Gaseous class, and R the Roasters class. I devised one additional class, however: P, the Pulsar class, which concerns extrasolar planets orbiting pulsar stars. The fourth parameter is eccentricity. If the attributes of the surface of the extrasolar planet are known, we are able to establish this additional parameter where t represents a terrestrial planet, g a gaseous planet, and i an ice planet. According to this taxonomy scale, for example, Earth is 1E0W0t, Neptune is 1N1.5F0i, and extrasolar planet 55 Cnc e is 9E-1.8R1.

  14. When Not to Go SOLO? Contraindications Based on Implant Experience.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wollersheim, Laurens W; Li, Wilson W; Kaya, Abdullah; van Boven, Wim J; van der Meulen, Jan; de Mol, Bas A

    2016-11-01

    Because of the design and specific implantation technique of the stentless Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis, patient selection is crucial. The aim of the study was to discuss the contraindications to this prosthesis based on the authors' implant experience. Between April 2005 and February 2015, one surgeon at the authors' center performed 292 aortic valve replacements using a bioprosthesis, with the initial intention of implanting a SOLO valve in every patient. A search was conducted for all of these patients and data collected on whether a SOLO valve was used, or not. A SOLO valve was implanted in 238 patients (82%), and a stented bioprosthesis in 54 (18%). The predominant reasons not to implant a SOLO valve were asymmetric commissures (26%) and a large aortic annulus (24%). Only one patient had structural valve deterioration, and none of the patients had to undergo reoperation because of aortic valve insufficiency or paravalvular leakage. Asymmetric commissures, large aortic annulus (>27 mm), calcified aortic sinuses, dilated sinotubular junction, aberrant location of coronary ostia and whenever the stent of a stented bioprosthesis is useful, were contraindications to implant a SOLO valve. When these contraindications were taken into account, a very good durability could be achieved with the SOLO valve during mid-term follow up.

  15. Rethinking Bloom's Taxonomy: Implications for Testing and Assessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anderson, Lorin W.

    This paper describes a work in progress on a second edition of "Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, The Classification of Educational Goals, Handbook I: Cognitive Domain," also known as "Bloom's Taxonomy" (B. Bloom and others, Eds., 1956). The new edition will be grounded in the collective wisdom of the original…

  16. A PROPOSED TAXONOMY OF THE PERCEPTUAL DOMAIN AND SOME SUGGESTED APPLICATIONS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    MOORE, MAXINE R.

    THIS PROPOSAL FOR A PRELIMINARY TAXONOMY OF THE PERCEPTUAL DOMAIN, ORGANIZED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF INTEGRATION, DREW ON GUILFORD'S THEORETICAL AND FACTOR-ANALYTICAL WORK, ON WITKIN'S FIGURE-GROUND STUDIES, AND ON THE "TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES" MODELS. THE TAXONOMY CATEGORIES ARE SENSATION, FIGURE PERCEPTION, SYMBOL PERCEPTION, PERCEPTION…

  17. Oxidação do enxofre elementar em solos tropicais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Horowitz Nelson

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available O uso de fertilizantes que contêm baixos teores de enxofre (S, em solos com baixos teores de matéria orgânica, pode resultar em limitação desse nutriente para as culturas. O uso do S-elementar como fertilizante, isoladamente ou associado a fórmulas comerciais, pode reduzir os custos de adubação em solos deficientes de S. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: a verificar se, em dois solos tropicais, ocorre oxidação de S-elementar; b avaliar se o período de incubação de seis dias sugerido por Janzen & Bettany (1987a é adequado para estimar a oxidação do S-elementar e c medir o efeito da oxidação do S-elementar sobre o pH do solo. Para isso, foi realizado um experimento com amostras de um ARGISSOLO VERMELHO AMARELO eutrófico abruptíco e de um LATOSSOLO VERMELHO DISTRÓFICO típico. As amostras dos dois solos foram incubadas com seis doses de enxofre (0, 1,5, 3,0, 6,0 9,0 e 12g de So kg-1 de solo por períodos entre 0 e 70 dias. A incubação foi feita em estufa, a uma temperatura de 27o + 1o C. Ambos os solos tiveram capacidade para oxidar o S-elementar para S-sulfato, forma disponível à planta. No argissolo, o teor de S-sulfato resultante da oxidação do S-elementar foi 563mg dm-3 de solo, enquanto que, no latossolo, foi de 207mg dm-3 de solo, indicando capacidade diferenciada de ambos para oxidar o S-elementar. Em ambos os solos houve diminuição do pH, sendo mais acentuada para o argissolo. O período de incubação para avaliação da oxidação do S-elementar de seis dias sugerido por Janzen & Bettany (1987a parece ser insuficiente.

  18. The feasibility of single-port laparoscopic appendectomy using a solo approach: a comparative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Say-June; Choi, Byung-Jo; Jeong, Wonjun; Lee, Sang Chul

    2016-03-01

    To investigate the feasibility and safety of solo surgery with single-port laparoscopic appendectomy, which is termed herein solo-SPLA (solo-single-port laparoscopic appendectomy). This study prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed data from patients who had undergone either non-solo-SPLA (n = 150) or solo-SPLA (n = 150). Several devices were utilized for complete, skin-to-skin solo-SPSA, including a Lone Star Retractor System and an adjustable mechanical camera holder. Operating times were not significantly different between solo- and non-solo-SPLA (45.0 ± 21.0 minutes vs. 46.7 ± 26.1 minutes, P = 0.646). Most postoperative variables were also comparable between groups, including the necessity for intravenous analgesics (0.7 ± 1.2 ampules [solo-SPLA] vs. 0.9 ± 1.5 ampules [non-solo-SPLA], P = 0.092), time interval to gas passing (1.3 ± 1.0 days vs. 1.4 ± 1.0 days, P = 0.182), and the incidence of postoperative complications (4.0% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.153). Moreover, solo-SPLA effectively lowered the operating cost by reducing surgical personnel expenses. Solo-SPLA economized staff numbers and thus lowered hospital costs without lengthening of operating time. Therefore, solo-SPLA could be considered a safe and feasible alternative to non-solo-SPLA.

  19. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walker, Peter J; Blasdell, Kim R; Calisher, Charles H; Dietzgen, Ralf G; Kondo, Hideki; Kurath, Gael; Longdon, Ben; Stone, David M; Tesh, Robert B; Tordo, Noël; Vasilakis, Nikos; Whitfield, Anna E; Nbsp Ictv Report Consortium

    2018-04-01

    The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with negative-sense (-) single-stranded RNA genomes of 10.8-16.1 kb. Virions are typically enveloped with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants and animals including mammals, birds, reptiles and fish, as well as arthropods which serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish and agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of Rhabdoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae.

  20. A Taxonomy of Human Translation Styles

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Carl, Michael; Dragsted, Barbara; Lykke Jakobsen, Arnt

    2011-01-01

    on the translators' activity data, we develop a taxonomy of translation styles. The taxonomy could serve to inform the development of advanced translation assistance tools and provide a basis for a felicitous and grounded integration of human machine interaction in translation.......While the translation profession becomes increasingly technological, we are still far from understanding how humans actually translate and how they could be best supported by machines. In this paper we outline a method which helps to uncover characteristics of human translation processes. Based...

  1. Application of Modern Experimental Technique to Solve Morphological Complexity in Plants Taxonomy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SURANTO

    2000-07-01

    Full Text Available Modern taxonomy has two approaches, i.e. classical and experimental taxonomy. Classical taxonomy uses morphological characters, while experimental taxonomy uses broader methods including chemistry, physics and mathematics, in the form of laboratory data that are revealed together with the progress of optical technique (microscope, chemistry methods (chromatography, electrophoresis, etc. Modern taxonomy tends to use series of interrelated data. More data used would result in more validity and give better clarification of taxonomic status. A lot of modern taxonomic data such as palynology, cytotaxonomy (cytology, chemical constituent (chemotaxonomy, isozyme and DNA sequencing were used recently.

  2. How to thrive as a solo librarian

    CERN Document Server

    Smallwood, Carol

    2011-01-01

    How to Thrive as a Solo Librarian is a compilation of chapters by librarians offering advice to colleagues who must work alone or with very limited help. The contributors come from schools and colleges, special and corporate archives, public libraries, and seasoned LIS faculty across the United States and abroad who are familiar with the vigor, dedication, and creativity necessary for solo librarians.

  3. Thrombocytopenia after aortic valve replacement with freedom solo bioprosthesis: a propensity study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Piccardo, Alessandro; Rusinaru, Dan; Petitprez, Benoit; Marticho, Paul; Vaida, Ioana; Tribouilloy, Christophe; Caus, Thierry

    2010-05-01

    The incidence of postoperative thrombocytopenia after aortic valve replacement with the Freedom Solo bioprosthesis remains unclear. This propensity-matched study was carried out to evaluate the incidence and clinical impact of thrombocytopenia in patients receiving the Freedom Solo bioprosthesis. Patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with a Freedom Solo or Carpentier-Edwards Perimount pericardial prosthesis at our institution between 2006 and 2008 were screened retrospectively. Exclusion criteria included double valve replacement, redo surgery, and active endocarditis. Two hundred six patients were considered eligible for this analysis. Using propensity scores 36 matched pairs of patients with a Freedom Solo or Perimount bioprosthesis were obtained. The primary end point was the occurrence of postoperative thrombocytopenia. Secondary end points were postoperative thromboembolic or hemorrhagic events and 30-day mortality. Before matching, severe thrombocytopenia (Solo bioprosthesis and 1% with a Perimount bioprosthesis (p Solo (p Solo and Perimount bioprostheses, respectively (p Solo implantation. However, this complication was not related to any deleterious events in our study population. Copyright (c) 2010 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  4. Ontologies, taxonomies and thesauri in systems science and systematics

    CERN Document Server

    Currás, Emilia

    2010-01-01

    The originality of this book, which deals with such a new subject matter, lies in the application of methods and concepts never used before - such as ontologies and taxonomies, as well as thesauri - to the ordering of knowledge based on primary information. Chapters in the book also examine the study of ontologies, taxonomies and thesauri from the perspective of systematics and general systems theory. Ontologies, Taxonomies and Thesauri in Systems Science and Systematics will be extremely useful to those operating within the network of related fields, which includes documentation and informati

  5. DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy unified through Integrative Taxonomy: a view that challenges the debate questioning both methodologies

    OpenAIRE

    Pires, Amanda Ciprandi; Marinoni, Luciane

    2010-01-01

    The taxonomic crisis, emphasized in recent years, is marked by the lack of popularity (lack of interest in taxonomy) and financial incentives to study biodiversity. This situation, coupled with the issues involved with the necessity of knowing many yet undiscovered species, has meant that new technologies, including the use of DNA, have emerged to revitalize taxonomy. Part of the scientific community, however, has rejected the use of these innovative ideas. DNA barcoding has especially been t...

  6. Solo and Small Practices: A Vital, Diverse Part of Primary Care.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liaw, Winston R; Jetty, Anuradha; Petterson, Stephen M; Peterson, Lars E; Bazemore, Andrew W

    2016-01-01

    Solo and small practices are facing growing pressure to consolidate. Our objectives were to determine (1) the percentage of family physicians in solo and small practices, and (2) the characteristics of and services provided by these practices. A total of 10,888 family physicians seeking certification through the American Board of Family Medicine in 2013 completed a demographic survey. Their practices were split into categories by size: solo, small (2 to 5 providers), medium (6 to 20 providers), and large (more than 20 providers). We also determined the rurality of the county where the physicians practiced. We developed 2 logistic regression models: one assessed predictors of practicing in a solo or small practice, while the other was restricted to solo and small practices and assessed predictors of practicing in a solo practice. More than one-half of respondents worked in solo or small practices. Small practices were the largest group (36%) and were the most likely to be located in a rural setting (20%). The likelihood of having a care coordinator and medical home certification increased with practice size. Physicians were more likely to be practicing in small or solo practices (vs medium-sized or large ones) if they were African American or Hispanic, had been working for more than 30 years, and worked in rural areas. Physicians were more likely to be practicing in small practices (vs solo ones) if they worked in highly rural areas. Family physicians in solo and small practices comprised the majority among all family physicians seeking board certification and were more likely to work in rural geographies. Extension programs and community health teams have the potential to support transformation within these practices. © 2016 Annals of Family Medicine, Inc.

  7. Adaptability in the workplace: development of a taxonomy of adaptive performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pulakos, E D; Arad, S; Donovan, M A; Plamondon, K E

    2000-08-01

    The purpose of this research was to develop a taxonomy of adaptive job performance and examine the implications of this taxonomy for understanding, predicting, and training adaptive behavior in work settings. Two studies were conducted to address this issue. In Study 1, over 1,000 critical incidents from 21 different jobs were content analyzed to identify an 8-dimension taxonomy of adaptive performance. Study 2 reports the development and administration of an instrument, the Job Adaptability Inventory, that was used to empirically examine the proposed taxonomy in 24 different jobs. Exploratory factor analyses using data from 1,619 respondents supported the proposed 8-dimension taxonomy from Study 1. Subsequent confirmatory factor analyses on the remainder of the sample (n = 1,715) indicated a good fit for the 8-factor model. Results and implications are discussed.

  8. Starting SOLO: A multi-pronged scaffolding approach for developing critical climate literacies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hartman, K.; Goodkin, N.

    2016-12-01

    As part of Nanyang Technological University's general education requirement, all science and math students must complete a multidisciplinary environmental sustainability course during the spring term. In addition to foundational earth sciences material, the course of 600 students heavily emphasizes the development of multidisciplinary problem solving and communication strategies. Assessments conducted with previous iterations of the course found students had greater facility recalling facts and summarizing the course materials than they did evaluating climate change arguments, critically reasoning through sustainability issues, or thinking scientifically. To address this shortfall, we introduced the use of a rubric for peer review as one would treat acquiring expertise with any scientific tool—provide learners multiple opportunities for use in different contexts while providing interpretable and actionable feedback. In the most recent version of the course, we introduced a common rubric based on Biggs' (2014) SOLO taxonomy. We used the taxonomy to place the components of student learning along continuums signifying increasing levels of complexity. Our particular rubric highlighted five areas of importance when evaluating any written argument: clarity, argument structure, contextualization, use of evidence, and evidence sourcing. More important than the rubric itself was the iterative cycle of rubric use and expert feedback students received. For eight weeks, students used the rubric to evaluate articles on sustainability and were given feedback about how well their evaluations agreed with an "expert panel." As the semester progressed, the level of agreement between the students and the panel improved. Students used the rubric as a base for evaluating their peers' work at the end of the semester. We coded how constructive the comments students gave each other were and analyzed the weekly reading evaluations. Students whose evaluations aligned with the panel during

  9. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Pneumoviridae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rima, Bert; Collins, Peter; Easton, Andrew; Fouchier, Ron; Kurath, Gael; Lamb, Robert A; Lee, Benhur; Maisner, Andrea; Rota, Paul; Wang, Linfa; Ictv Report Consortium

    2017-12-01

    The family Pneumoviridae comprises large enveloped negative-sense RNA viruses. This taxon was formerly a subfamily within the Paramyxoviridae, but was reclassified in 2016 as a family with two genera, Orthopneumovirus and Metapneumovirus. Pneumoviruses infect a range of mammalian species, while some members of the Metapneumovirus genus may also infect birds. Some viruses are specific and pathogenic for humans, such as human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus. There are no known vectors for pneumoviruses and transmission is thought to be primarily by aerosol droplets and contact. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Pneumoviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/pneumoviridae.

  10. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepeviridae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Purdy, Michael A; Harrison, Tim J; Jameel, S; Meng, X-J; Okamoto, H; Van der Poel, W H M; Smith, Donald B; Ictv Report Consortium

    2017-11-01

    The family Hepeviridae includes enterically transmitted small non-enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses. It includes the genera Piscihepevirus, whose members infect fish, and Orthohepevirus, whose members infect mammals and birds. Members of the genus Orthohepevirus include hepatitis E virus, which is responsible for self-limiting acute hepatitis in humans and several mammalian species; the infection may become chronic in immunocompromised individuals. Extrahepatic manifestations of Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuralgic amyotrophy, glomerulonephritis and pancreatitis have been described in humans. Avian hepatitis E virus causes hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in chickens. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Hepeviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/hepeviridae.

  11. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Picornaviridae.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zell, R; Delwart, E; Gorbalenya, A E; Hovi, T; King, A M Q; Knowles, N J; Lindberg, A M; Pallansch, M A; Palmenberg, A C; Reuter, G; Simmonds, P; Skern, T; Stanway, G; Yamashita, T; Ictv Report Consortium

    2017-10-01

    The family Picornaviridae comprises small non-enveloped viruses with RNA genomes of 6.7 to 10.1 kb, and contains >30 genera and >75 species. Most of the known picornaviruses infect mammals and birds, but some have also been detected in reptiles, amphibians and fish. Many picornaviruses are important human and veterinary pathogens and may cause diseases of the central nervous system, heart, liver, skin, gastrointestinal tract or upper respiratory tract. Most picornaviruses are transmitted by the faecal-oral or respiratory routes. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the taxonomy of the Picornaviridae, which is available at www.ictv.global/report/picornaviridae.

  12. The interrelationship between performance anxiety and efficiency of solo music performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katarina Habe

    2000-06-01

    Full Text Available The aim of the research was to study the influence of performance anxiety on efficiency of solo music performance. Internal (self-contempt, positive self-evaluation and external criteria (musical rewards, successful solo performances, successful auditions of efficiency of solo music performance were taken into consideration. The research was grounded on studies from the field of sports psychology and on the few studies that were carried out in the field of psychology of music. The research was conducted on 94 students of Music Academy, grouped by gender and field of study (instrumentalists, solo vocalists and composers vs. students of music teaching. The symptoms of performance anxiety were measured by a part of the Performance Anxiety Questionnaire, and efficiency of solo music performance by the Efficiency of Music Performance Questionnaire. Both questionnaires were developed for the purpose of the study. The results reveal the interrelationship between the internal criteria of efficiency in solo music performance and performance anxiety. On the other hand, only trends of correlation were established between performance anxiety and the external criteria of solo music performance. The research findings imply the important role of cognition as a mediator between performance anxiety and performance efficiency.

  13. Sílica solúvel em solos Soluble silica in soils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bernardo van Raij

    1973-01-01

    Full Text Available Determinou-se a silica solúvel nos horizontes superficial e B2 de 44 perfis de solos do Estado de São Paulo. A extração da silica com solução 0,0025M de cloreto de cálcio evitou a dispersão dos solos e forneceu resultados em média apenas 8% menores do que a silica solúvel em água. Os resultados variaram de 2,2 a 92,2 ppm de SiO2. Verificou-se que, para solos com teores semelhantes de argila, os teores de silica solúvel foram maiores para solos com horizonte B textural, quando comparados com solos de horizonte B latossólico. Dentro dos agrupamentos de solos com horizonte B textural e horizonte B latossólico, os teores de silica solúvel foram maiores para os solos mais argilosos. Não foi observada relação entre silica solúvel e o pH dos solos.The extraction of soluble silica of soils with 0.0025M calcium chloride solution avoided dispersion of clay and results were on the average only 8% lower than water soluble silica. The results for surface and B2 horizons of 44 soil profiles of the State of São Paulo varied between 2.2 and 92.9 ppm of SiO2. For soils with similar clay contents, soluble silica was higher for soil with argillic B horizons as compared with soils with oxic B horizons. Within each group of soils, higher soluble silica results were associated with higher clay contents. Soluble silica apparently was not related to soil pH.

  14. Solo Living - the meaning of home for persons living alone

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Toke Haunstrup

    observed. Firstly, solo livers emphasize independence from others as important. Several of the informants have had negative experiences with living together with a partner, and they like the feeling of being independent. At the same time, most informants also keep a door open for the possibility of moving...... together with "the right one", which indicates that ambiguity is related to the situation of solo living. Secondly, some of the solo livers spend more time outside home (occupied by leisure activities or together with friends) compared to people living in family households in general, which suggests...... a different balance between time at home and outside home for some solo livers....

  15. Atributos dos solos e riscos de lixiviação de metais pesados em solos tropicais / Soil attributes and risk of leaching of heavy metals in tropical soils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Milton César Costa Campos

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available A influência nociva dos íons metálicos no ecossistema via contaminação das águas, dos solos e consequentemente dos organismos vivos nos últimos anos têm despertado grande interesse na compreensão do comportamento e dos mecanismos de transporte dos metais no solo e em outros compartimentos do ambiente. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta revisão foi discutir aspectos do solo e suas relações com o comportamento dos metais pesados e seus possíveis riscos de lixiviação. É sabido que de maneira geral, os metais pesados comportam-se no solo dependendo dos seguintes atributos, pH, quantidade de matéria orgânica, potencial redox, tipologia e quantidade da argila. Por outro lado, em ecossistemas tropicais, onde predominam solos altamente intemperizados, a movimentação dos metais pesados no perfil do solo é governada principalmente pelo regime hídrico, capacidade de retenção do solo e posição do solo na paisagem. Apesar da importância do tema, os estudos ainda são bastante incipientes e preliminares, necessitando de investigações mais aprofundadas que enfatize as particularidades de cada elemento e suas interações no solo em ecossistemas tropicais, possibilitando o estabelecimento de ações preventivas para evitar a contaminação dos recursos naturais.

  16. An Evidence-based Forensic Taxonomy of Windows Phone Dating Apps.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cahyani, Niken Dwi Wahyu; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayah; Ashman, Helen

    2018-05-21

    Advances in technologies including development of smartphone features have contributed to the growth of mobile applications, including dating apps. However, online dating services can be misused. To support law enforcement investigations, a forensic taxonomy that provides a systematic classification of forensic artifacts from Windows Phone 8 (WP8) dating apps is presented in this study. The taxonomy has three categories, namely: Apps Categories, Artifacts Categories, and Data Partition Categories. This taxonomy is built based on the findings from a case study of 28 mobile dating apps, using mobile forensic tools. The dating app taxonomy can be used to inform future studies of dating and related apps, such as those from Android and iOS platforms. © 2018 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

  17. A 76-year old man with a torn Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wollersheim, Laurens W; Li, Wilson W; van der Meulen, Jan; de Mol, Bas A

    2014-01-01

    We describe a case of a 76-year old male who presented with progressive dyspnoea. He underwent an aortic valve replacement with a Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis 6 years ago. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a moderate-to-severe leakage of the Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis. During surgical reintervention, a partial tear of the left coronary cusp was seen from the commissure of the right coronary cusp to its base. After radiographic and microscopic examination, no clear cause was found for the failure of this Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis. To our knowledge, this is the third failure of a Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis reported in the literature. When the long-term follow-up of the Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis is available, it has to be compared with other bioprosthesis for long-term durability.

  18. A Reasoning Technique for Taxonomy Expert System of Living Organisms

    OpenAIRE

    desiani, anita; Firdaus, Firdaus; Maiyanti, Sri Indra

    2016-01-01

    Taxonomy of living organisms can help scientists to sort organisms in order and help them to identify new organisms by finding out which their groups. It also is easier to study organisms when they are sorted in groups. Taxonomy of living organisms system is a important basic part of ecology system. Researcher should know about any organisms that they noted in an ecology. Integration between classification taxonomy of Living Organisms and technology information will have many advantages for ...

  19. An Analytical Overview of Spirituality in NANDA-I Taxonomies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mesquita, Ana Cláudia; Caldeira, Sílvia; Chaves, Erika; Carvalho, Emilia Campos de

    2017-03-01

    To discuss the approach of spirituality in NANDA-I taxonomies, based on the elements that characterize this phenomenon. This study was based on concepts that are usually adopted in the literature for defining spirituality and on the analysis of the NANDA-I taxonomies from I to III. Spirituality is included in all taxonomies but all three are missing some attributes to guarantee the completeness of this dimension for nursing diagnosis. Taxonomy III makes different approaches to spirituality and some inconsistencies. Contribute to the development and review of the new proposal for taxonomy. Discutir a abordagem à espiritualidade nas taxonomias da NANDA-I, baseada nos elementos que caracterizam este fenômeno. MÉTODOS: Este estudo foi baseado em conceitos usualmente adotados na literatura de enfermagem para definir espiritualidade e na análise das taxonomias da NANDA-I, desde a I à III. A espiritualidade está incluída nas taxonomias, porém estas carecem de atributos do seu conceito. CONCLUSÕES: A taxonomia III faz diferentes abordagens à espiritualidade, porém com algumas inconsistências identificadas. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A ENFERMAGEM: Esta análise pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento e revisão da taxonomia III. © 2017 NANDA International, Inc.

  20. Census of solo LuxR genes in prokaryotic genomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hudaiberdiev, Sanjarbek; Choudhary, Kumari S; Vera Alvarez, Roberto; Gelencsér, Zsolt; Ligeti, Balázs; Lamba, Doriano; Pongor, Sándor

    2015-01-01

    luxR genes encode transcriptional regulators that control acyl homoserine lactone-based quorum sensing (AHL QS) in Gram negative bacteria. On the bacterial chromosome, luxR genes are usually found next or near to a luxI gene encoding the AHL signal synthase. Recently, a number of luxR genes were described that have no luxI genes in their vicinity on the chromosome. These so-called solo luxR genes may either respond to internal AHL signals produced by a non-adjacent luxI in the chromosome, or can respond to exogenous signals. Here we present a survey of solo luxR genes found in complete and draft bacterial genomes in the NCBI databases using HMMs. We found that 2698 of the 3550 luxR genes found are solos, which is an unexpectedly high number even if some of the hits may be false positives. We also found that solo LuxR sequences form distinct clusters that are different from the clusters of LuxR sequences that are part of the known luxR-luxI topological arrangements. We also found a number of cases that we termed twin luxR topologies, in which two adjacent luxR genes were in tandem or divergent orientation. Many of the luxR solo clusters were devoid of the sequence motifs characteristic of AHL binding LuxR proteins so there is room to speculate that the solos may be involved in sensing hitherto unknown signals. It was noted that only some of the LuxR clades are rich in conserved cysteine residues. Molecular modeling suggests that some of the cysteines may be involved in disulfide formation, which makes us speculate that some LuxR proteins, including some of the solos may be involved in redox regulation.

  1. Latino Solo Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: Health Risks and Behaviors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Whitley, Deborah M; Fuller-Thomson, Esme

    2018-03-01

    The purpose of this descriptive report is to provide the first representative information on the sociodemographic profile and the prevalence of mental and physical health conditions of two "at-risk" groups of Latino caregivers: solo grandparent caregivers and single parents. The 2012 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System was used to compare five dimensions of health on a sample of Latino solo grandparents and Latino single parents, raising their grandchildren/children alone. Bivariate and logistic regression comparative analyses were conducted on study measures. Latino solo grandparents have a high prevalence of chronic health conditions, including arthritis (51%), depression (40%), diabetes (34%), and asthma (34%). Latino single parents have lower but troubling health risks, including depression (22%), diabetes (14%), and asthma (14%). Differences between the two groups were largely due to the grandparents older age. Latino solo grandparents have a high prevalence of several chronic medical conditions. The prevalence of disorders is much lower for Latino single parents, although they too have disturbing health risks. Latino solo grandparents perform their parenting role under intense physical and emotional strain. Health professionals can be instrumental in facilitating interventions that affect the well-being of this expanding family group.

  2. Incorporating Learning Outcomes into an Introductory Geotechnical Engineering Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fiegel, Gregg L.

    2013-01-01

    The article describes the process of incorporating a set of learning outcomes into a geotechnical engineering course. The outcomes were developed using Bloom's taxonomy and define the knowledge, skills, and abilities the students are expected to achieve upon completion of the course. Each outcome begins with an action-oriented verb corresponding…

  3. Cybercrimes: A Proposed Taxonomy and Challenges

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Harmandeep Singh Brar

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Cybersecurity is one of the most important concepts of cyberworld which provides protection to the cyberspace from various types of cybercrimes. This paper provides an updated survey of cybersecurity. We conduct the survey of security of recent prominent researches and categorize the recent incidents in context to various fundamental principles of cybersecurity. We have proposed a new taxonomy of cybercrime which can cover all types of cyberattacks. We have analyzed various cyberattacks as per the updated cybercrime taxonomy to identify the challenges in the field of cybersecurity and highlight various research directions as future work in this field.

  4. An Optimized Player Taxonomy Model for Mobile MMORPGs with Millions of Users

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fang You

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs have great potential as sites for research within the social and human-computer interaction. In the MMORPGs, a stability player taxonomy model is very important for game design. It helps to balance different types of players and improve business strategy of the game. The players in mobile MMORPGs are also connected with social networks; many studies only use the player's own attributes statistics or questionnaire survey method to predict player taxonomy, so lots of social network relations' information will be lost. In this paper, by analyzing the impacts of player's social network, commercial operating data from mobile MMORPGs is used to establish our player taxonomy model (SN model. From the model results, social network-related information in mobile MMORPGs will be considered as important factors to pose this optimized player taxonomy model. As experimental results showed, compared with another player taxonomy model (RA model, our proposed player taxonomy model can achieve good results: classification is more stable.

  5. Pragmatic Strategies and Linguistic Structures in Making ‘Suggestions’: Towards Comprehensive Taxonomies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hossein Abolfathiasl

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available This paper analyses and upgrades taxonomies of strategies and structures for the speech act of suggesting based on existing taxonomies and classifications in the pragmatics research literature. Previous studies have focused mainly on linguistic structures used to perform the speech act of suggesting. Thus, there seems to be a need to provide a more comprehensive set of taxonomies for structures as well as strategies that can be used in EFL/ESL classrooms and for research on the speech act of suggesting. To this end, the speech act of suggesting is defined first and the features of this speech act are discussed. Second, the most recent classifications proposed for structures and linguistic realization strategies for suggestions were analysed and contrasted and a more comprehensive taxonomy of structures and linguistic realization strategies is provided, based on previous taxonomies. Finally, taxonomy of politeness strategies in making suggestions are provided, based on recent studies in cross-cultural pragmatics research.

  6. PROCESSOS HIDRO-EROSIVOS EM SOLOS DEGRADADOS EM RELEVO DE BAIXA DECLIVIDADE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leonardo dos Santos Pereira

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Muitas pesquisas conferem maior peso na alta declividade do terreno como fator decisivo no processo hidro-erosivo. Porém, foi avaliado que baixas declividades (~4º já são suficientes para se iniciar o escoamento superficial. A pesquisa teve como objetivo fazer uma caracterização físico-química de solo degradado, monitorar o seu potencial matricial e o processo de formação de escoamento em uma sub-bacia do rio Maranduba - Ubatuba/SP, em encosta com baixa declividade. O trabalho se baseou na instalação de parcelas de erosão em solo sem cobertura vegetal para analisar as perdas de solo e água, bem como as propriedades físicas e químicas do solo (Porosidade, textura, densidade, pH e matéria orgânica. As parcelas se localizam na parte intermediária de um morrote com encosta retilínea, esse sofreu alteração em sua morfologia original por meio de um corte de encosta (UTM: 0474211/7395934.  O solo do local é um Latossolo que apresenta o horizonte B exposto. Cerca de 6,9 t/ha de solo foram perdidos durante o monitoramento (01 agosto 2013-20 dezembro 2014 e mais de 5.354,7 m3 de água foram escoados superficialmente. Salienta-se a fragilidade dos ambientes degradados de baixa declividade frente às altas taxas de perdas de solo e água, que, no período de 17 meses de monitoramento e com chuvas dentro da normalidade para o município, totalizaram 63 dias com ocorrências de escoamento, em solos que tendem à saturação por períodos prolongados. Portanto, o transporte das partículas de solo superficialmente está atrelado à baixa drenagem do terreno e à perda da resistência do solo, corroborando em períodos longos de umidade antecedente, sendo este um dos fatores decisivos para se iniciar o escoamento superficial.

  7. A literature review on the levels of automation during the years. What are the different taxonomies that have been proposed?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Vagia, Marialena; Transeth, Aksel A; Fjerdingen, Sigurd A

    2016-03-01

    In this paper we present a literature review of the evolution of the levels of autonomy from the end of the 1950s up until now. The motivation of this study was primarily to gather and to compare the literature that exists, on taxonomies on levels of automation. Technical developments within both computer hardware and software have made it possible to introduce autonomy into virtually all aspects of human-machine systems. The current study, is focusing on how different authors treat the problem of different levels of automation. The outcome of this study is to present the differences between the proposed levels of automation and the various taxonomies, giving the potential users a number of choices in order to decide which taxonomy satisfies their needs better. In addition, this paper surveys deals with the term adaptive automation, which seems to be a new trend in the literature on autonomy. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.

  8. Microbial taxonomy in the post-genomic era: Rebuilding from scratch?

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Thompson, Cristiane C. [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Amaral, Gilda R. [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Campeão, Mariana [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Edwards, Robert A. [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); San Diego State Univ., CA (United States); Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Polz, Martin F. [Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Dutilh, Bas E. [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Radbould Univ., Nijmegen (Netherlands); Ussery, David W. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Sawabe, Tomoo [Hokkaido Univ., Hakodate (Japan); Swings, Jean [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Ghent Univ. (Belgium); Thompson, Fabiano L. [Univ. of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Brazil); Advanced Systems Laboratory Production Management COPPE / UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

    2014-12-23

    Microbial taxonomy should provide adequate descriptions of bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic microbial diversity in ecological, clinical, and industrial environments. We re-evaluated the prokaryote species twice. It is time to revisit polyphasic taxonomy, its principles, and its practice, including its underlying pragmatic species concept. We will be able to realize an old dream of our predecessor taxonomists and build a genomic-based microbial taxonomy, using standardized and automated curation of high-quality complete genome sequences as the new gold standard.

  9. Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 2: The Technical Solutions of Controlling Solids, Dissolved Gasses and pH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bjorgvin Vilbergsson

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available In engineering design, knowing the relationship between the means (technique and the end (desired function or outcome is essential. The means in Aquaculture are technical solutions like airlifts that are used to achive desired functionality (an end like controlling dissolved gasses. In previous work, the authors identified possible functions by viewing aquaculture production systems as transformation processes in which inputs are transformed by treatment techniques (means and produce outputs (ends. The current work creates an overview of technical solutions of treatment functions for both design and research purposes. A comprehensive literature review of all areas of technical solutions is identified and categorized into a visual taxonomy of the treatment functions for controlling solids, controlling dissolved gasses and controlling pH alkalinity and hardness. This article is the second in a sequence of four and partly presents the treatments functions in the taxonomy. The other articles in this series present complementary aspects of this research: Part 1, A transformational view on aquaculture and functions divided into input, treatment and output functions; Part 2, The current taxonomy paper; Part 3, The second part of the taxonomy; and Part 4, Mapping of the means (techniques for multiple treatment functions.

  10. Alignment of Assessment Objectives with Instructional Objectives Using Revised Bloom's Taxonomy--The Case for Food Science and Technology Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jideani, V. A.; Jideani, I. A.

    2012-01-01

    Nine food science and technology (FST) subjects were assessed for alignment between the learning outcomes and assessment using revised Bloom's taxonomy (RBT) of cognitive knowledge. Conjoint analysis was used to estimate the utilities of the levels of cognitive, knowledge, and the attribute importance (cognitive process and knowledge dimension)…

  11. Fail or flourish? Cognitive appraisal moderates the effect of solo status on performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    White, Judith B

    2008-09-01

    When everyone in a group shares a common social identity except one individual, the one who is different from the majority has solo status. Solo status increases one's visibility and performance pressure, which may result in stress. Stress has divergent effects on performance, and individuals' response to stressful situations is predicted by their cognitive appraisal (challenge or threat) of the situation. Two experiments test the hypothesis that cognitive appraisal moderates the effect of solo status on performance. Experiment 1 finds that at relatively high appraisal levels (resources exceed demands), solo status improves men's and women's performance; at relatively low appraisal levels, solo status hurts performance. Experiment 2 replicates this effect for solo status based on minimal group assignment. Results suggest that for individuals who feel challenged and not threatened by their work, it may help to be a solo.

  12. Comment: 61 [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available .png Taxonomy icon (c) Database Center for Life Science licensed under CC Attribution2.1 Japan イメージを差し替えました(添付は旧イメージ) ttamura 2009/04/21 12:50:03 ...

  13. Comment: 215 [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 215.png Taxonomy icon (c) Database Center for Life Science licensed under CC Attribution2.1 Japan アイコン:電子顕微鏡バージョン bando 2010/02/15 15:30:03 2010/02/15 15:30:03 ...

  14. Let's rise up to unite taxonomy and technology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bik, Holly M

    2017-08-01

    What do you think of when you think of taxonomy? An 18th century gentlemen in breeches? Or perhaps botany drawings hung on the walls of a boutique hotel? Such old-fashioned conceptions to the contrary, taxonomy is alive today although constantly struggling for survival and recognition. The scientific community is losing valuable resources as taxonomy experts age and retire, and funding for morphological studies and species descriptions remains stagnant. At the same time, organismal knowledge (morphology, ecology, physiology) has never been more important: genomic studies are becoming more taxon focused, the scientific community is recognizing the limitations of traditional "model" organisms, and taxonomic expertise is desperately needed to fight against global biodiversity declines resulting from human impacts. There has never been a better time for a taxonomic renaissance.

  15. Let's rise up to unite taxonomy and technology.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Holly M Bik

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available What do you think of when you think of taxonomy? An 18th century gentlemen in breeches? Or perhaps botany drawings hung on the walls of a boutique hotel? Such old-fashioned conceptions to the contrary, taxonomy is alive today although constantly struggling for survival and recognition. The scientific community is losing valuable resources as taxonomy experts age and retire, and funding for morphological studies and species descriptions remains stagnant. At the same time, organismal knowledge (morphology, ecology, physiology has never been more important: genomic studies are becoming more taxon focused, the scientific community is recognizing the limitations of traditional "model" organisms, and taxonomic expertise is desperately needed to fight against global biodiversity declines resulting from human impacts. There has never been a better time for a taxonomic renaissance.

  16. A taxonomy for human reliability analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Beattie, J.D.; Iwasa-Madge, K.M.

    1984-01-01

    A human interaction taxonomy (classification scheme) was developed to facilitate human reliability analysis in a probabilistic safety evaluation of a nuclear power plant, being performed at Ontario Hydro. A human interaction occurs, by definition, when operators or maintainers manipulate, or respond to indication from, a plant component or system. The taxonomy aids the fault tree analyst by acting as a heuristic device. It helps define the range and type of human errors to be identified in the construction of fault trees, while keeping the identification by different analysts consistent. It decreases the workload associated with preliminary quantification of the large number of identified interactions by including a category called 'simple interactions'. Fault tree analysts quantify these according to a procedure developed by a team of human reliability specialists. The interactions which do not fit into this category are called 'complex' and are quantified by the human reliability team. The taxonomy is currently being used in fault tree construction in a probabilistic safety evaluation. As far as can be determined at this early stage, the potential benefits of consistency and completeness in identifying human interactions and streamlining the initial quantification are being realized

  17. Fluxo difusivo de zinco em amostras de solo influenciado por textura, íon acompanhante e pH do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. F. G. Oliveira

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available O fluxo difusivo (difusão é a forma mais importante de transporte de zinco no solo, dada sua baixa concentração na solução. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o fluxo difusivo de Zn em amostras de um solo de textura argilosa (Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro - LE, outro de textura média (Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo - PV e um terceiro de textura arenosa (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo - LV, submetidos a níveis de pH: pH natural (4,38 e 5,40, para o LE; natural (4,87 e 6,00, para o PV, e somente pH natural (4,64, para o LV, e a três fontes de Zn (ZnCl2, ZnEDTA e ZnSO4 nas doses de 0, 20 e 40 mg dm-3 de Zn. As unidades experimentais constituíram-se de 400 cm³ de amostras de solo, colocadas em câmaras feitas de tubos de PVC, com 10 cm de diâmetro e 5 cm de altura, contendo, cada câmara, uma lâmina de resina trocadora de cátions ácido forte (modelo CR61CZR IONICS, Inc como dreno de Zn, nas dimensões de 2,0 x 5,0 cm, colocada à profundidade de 2,5 cm no meio da câmara. As amostras, umedecidas até a capacidade de campo, foram incubadas por um período de 15 dias à temperatura de 24 ± 4ºC. Após esse período, as lâminas foram retiradas, realizando-se a extração do Zn adsorvido às lâminas de resina. O pH do solo demonstrou ser fator de grande importância no controle do fluxo difusivo do Zn, acarretando-lhe grande diminuição quando da elevação de pH. De modo geral, o fluxo difusivo de Zn foi menor com o aumento do teor de argila do solo. O fluxo difusivo de Zn foi maior, nos três solos, quando a fonte utilizada foi ZnCl2.

  18. Genomic taxonomy of vibrios

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thompson, Cristiane C.; Vicente, Ana Carolina P.; Souza, Rangel C.

    2009-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Vibrio taxonomy has been based on a polyphasic approach. In this study, we retrieve useful taxonomic information (i.e. data that can be used to distinguish different taxonomic levels, such as species and genera) from 32 genome sequences of different vibrio species. We use a variety of...

  19. Taxonomy for Education and Training in Clinical Neuropsychology: past, present, and future.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sperling, Scott A; Cimino, Cynthia R; Stricker, Nikki H; Heffelfinger, Amy K; Gess, Jennifer L; Osborn, Katie E; Roper, Brad L

    2017-07-01

    Historically, the clinical neuropsychology training community has not clearly or consistently defined education or training opportunities. The lack of consistency has limited students' and trainees' ability to accurately assess and compare the intensity of neuropsychology-specific training provided by programs. To address these issues and produce greater 'truth in advertising' across programs, CNS, with SCN's Education Advisory Committee (EAC), ADECN, AITCN, and APPCN constructed a specialty-specific taxonomy, namely, the Taxonomy for Education and Training in Clinical Neuropsychology. The taxonomy provides consensus in the description of training offered by doctoral, internship, and postdoctoral programs, as well as at the post-licensure stage. Although the CNS approved the taxonomy in February 2015, many programs have not adopted its language. Increased awareness of the taxonomy and the reasons behind its development and structure, as well as its potential benefits, are warranted. In 2016, a working group of clinical neuropsychologists from the EAC and APPCN, all authors of this manuscript, was created and tasked with disseminating information about the taxonomy. Group members held regular conference calls, leading to the generation of this manuscript. This manuscript is the primary byproduct of the working group. Its purpose is to (1) outline the history behind the development of the taxonomy, (2) detail its structure and utility, (3) address the expected impact of its adoption, and (4) call for its adoption across training programs. This manuscript outlines the development and structure of the clinical neuropsychology taxonomy and addresses the need for its adoption across training programs.

  20. Uso do radar penetrante no solo (GPR na investigação dos solos dos tabuleiros costeiros no litoral norte do estado da Bahia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. M. Ucha

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available Foram estudados nove perfis ao longo de uma toposseqüência sobre os sedimentos do Grupo Barreiras, na Fazenda Rio Negro, município de Entre Rios (BA, utilizando a prospecção eletromagnética por meio do Radar Penetrante no Solo - "Ground-penetrating radar - GPR", objetivando analisar a utilização dessa ferramenta na aquisição de informações sobre as feições que ocorrem no solo, mediante a comparação entre os radargramas obtidos e a descrição pedológica. O equipamento utilizado foi um Geophysical Survey System modelo GPR SR system-2, com antena de 80 MHz. A análise radargramétrica confirmou o aparecimento dos fragipãs e duripãs em profundidade, que ocorrem sempre acompanhados de um processo de transformação dos solos do tipo Latossolo Amarelo e Argissolo Amarelo em Espodossolo. Os padrões de reflexão mostram claramente os domínios dos solos argilosos e dos solos arenosos, com e sem a presença dos horizontes endurecidos.

  1. Defending the solo and small practice neurologist.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jones, Elaine C; Evans, David A

    2015-04-01

    Changes in health care are having a dramatic effect on the practice of medicine. In 2005, a National Center for Health Statistics survey showed that 55%-70% of physicians are in small/solo practices. These data also demonstrated that 70% of physicians identified themselves as owners. Since passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, neurologists report an 8% increase in academic practice settings, a 2% decrease in private practice settings, and a 5% decrease in solo practice settings. Surveys of family physicians showed that 60% are now employees of hospitals or larger groups. A survey by The Physicians Foundation showed that 89% of physicians believed that the traditional model of independent private practice is either "on shaky ground" or "a dinosaur soon to go extinct." With the changes expected from the ACA, solo/small practices will continue to face challenges and therefore must pay close attention to business and clinical metrics.

  2. Semeadura de milho em solo sob preparo reduzido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    W. Boller

    1998-03-01

    Full Text Available Para avaliar a viabilidade da implantação da cultura do milho em solo sob preparo reduzido, em dezembro de 1988, instalou-se um experimento em um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro distrófico, no município de Passo Fundo (RS. Na testemunha, o preparo do solo foi realizado por meio de uma escarificação mais uma gradagem com grade leve. Nos demais cinco tratamentos, o solo foi preparado por meio de uma operação conjugada (escarificador equipado com rolo destorroador. Na testemunha e em um dos tratamentos sob preparo conjugado, não foram realizadas adaptações na semeadora-adubadora. Nos demais tratamentos, foram adaptados discos de corte ondulados, ou secções de rolos destorroadores, na frente das linhas da semeadora. A percentagem de cobertura do solo, dois dias após a semeadura, foi significativamente menor (Tukey ao nível de 5% na testemunha, enquanto nos demais tratamentos, caracterizados como conservacionistas, não se perceberam diferenças. O diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG dos agregados do solo não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos, porém os agregados coletados nas linhas apresentaram DMG significativamente menores do que aqueles encontrados nas entrelinhas. A velocidade de absorção de água pelas sementes, o comprimento médio ponderado das radículas, o índice de velocidade de emergência e o estande inicial de plantas de milho não variaram significativamente em função dos tratamentos. Os resultados evidenciam que o preparo conjugado do solo por meio de um escarificador equipado com um cilindro destorroador permitiu implantar a cultura do milho, sem a necessidade de operações de preparo secundário (gradagens e sem requerer adaptações na semeadora-adubadora.

  3. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Pleolipoviridae

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Bamford, D.H.; Pietila, M.K.; Roine, E.; Atanasova, N.S.; Dienstbier, Ana; Oksanen, H.M.

    2017-01-01

    Roč. 98, č. 12 (2017), s. 2916-2917 ISSN 0022-1317 Institutional support: RVO:61388971 Keywords : Pleolipoviridae * taxonomy * Halorubrum pleomorphic virus 1 Subject RIV: EE - Microbiology, Virology OBOR OECD: Microbiology Impact factor: 2.838, year: 2016

  4. Asteroid taxonomy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tholen, D.J.

    1989-01-01

    The spectral reflectivity of asteroid surfaces over the wavelength range of 0.3 to 1.1 μm can be used to classify these objects onto several broad groups with similar spectral characteristics. The three most recently developed taxonomies group the asteroids into 9, 11 or 14 different classes, depending on the technique used to perform the analysis. The distribution of the taxonomic classes shows that darker and redder objects become more dominant at larger heliocentric distances, while the rare asteroid types are found more frequently among the small objects of the planet-crossing population

  5. Equipamento para extração de amostras indeformadas de solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. A. Teixeira

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um equipamento para coletar amostras indeformadas de solo de 75 mm de diâmetro a uma profundidade de até 0,60 m, bem como avaliar a qualidade das amostras retiradas. O amostrador foi constituído por um tubo de PVC, acondicionado dentro de um tubo cravador de alumínio equipado com uma ponteira de aço, formando um conjunto sem movimento rotativo. Envolveu este conjunto uma rosca-sem-fim, equipada com três lâminas de corte na sua extremidade. O conjunto foi adaptado a um veículo especificamente projetado para o tráfego no campo (VAS - Veículo Amostrador de Solo. As amostras obtidas pelo VAS foram comparadas com as testemunhas, obtidas pelo método do bloco da parafina, por meio de testes laboratoriais, para verificar a ocorrência de alterações estruturais. Os testes foram: inspeção visual, densidade do solo, ensaio de compressão triaxial rápido e ensaio de adensamento. As amostras obtidas pelo VAS em solo argiloso (Latossolo Roxo apresentaram confiabiliade (95% dos valores de densidade do solo, características de resistência à compressão e adensamento iguais à testemunha. O equipamento mostrou-se prático, versátil e adequado para retirar amostras de solos argilosos, sendo a qualidade das amostras semelhante à obtida pelos métodos tradicionais de extração do anel volumétrico e de bloco de solos. O equipamento desenvolvido pode ser útil na coleta de dados para mapeamento de solos, com o auxílio de uma antena de GPS.

  6. Albedo do Solo abaixo do Dossel em Área de Vochysia divergens Pohl no Norte do Pantanal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jonathan Willian Zangeski Novais

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo analisou o albedo do solosolo abaixo do dossel considerando duas etapas no ciclo hidrológico, a primeira em que o solo estava inundado e a segunda em que o solo estava coberto por serrapilheira acumulada sobre o solo em área inundável de Vochysia divergens Pohl no Pantanal, Brasil. Os valores de αsolo foram calculados pela relação entre as radiação solar global refletida e a incidente medidas abaixo do dossel por meio de estações meteorológicas. A inundação da área ocorreu durante fevereiro a junho e posteriormente houve um aumento gradativo de serrapilheira acumulada sobre o solo. O αsolo variou sazonalmente com maiores valores durante o período seco em que houve um aumento de aproximadamente 42% do αsolo em relação ao período com inundação. Análises de correlação cruzada entre o αsolo e precipitação, umidade do solo e a serrapilheira acumulada sobre o solo explicam em parte a influência direta e/ou indireta sobre o αsolo. A precipitação não influenciou diretamente sobre o αsolo do mês atual, enquanto que a umidade do solo influenciou diretamente sobre o αsolo no mês atual e nos seguintes meses, e a serrapilheira acumulada do solo correlacionou-se positivamente com o αsolo indicando influência direta no mês atual.

  7. Geoquímica de solos do pantanal norte, Mato Grosso

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elaine de Arruda Oliveira Coringa

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available A caracterização e análise geoquímica de solos permitem compreender os processos de migração, dispersão e concentração de elementos químicos no perfil, embasando a correlação dos atributos deles com as classes de solos formadas, o que possibilita inferências acerca das gêneses desses solos. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivos caracterizar e interpretar a composição geoquímica total de elementos maiores e menores em classes de solos representativas do Pantanal norte, na sub-região de Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram selecionados 20 perfis das principais classes de solos do Pantanal e analisadas amostras dos horizontes A e B (ou C quanto à concentração de óxidos totais por espectrometria de fluorescência de raios-X, além das caracterizações física, química e mineralógica. Os solos subdividiram-se em dois tipos geoquímicos: um composto por textura arenosa a franco-arenosa com teores relativamente elevados de SiO2 e predominância de caulinita e quartzo, com menor teor de bases e elementos-traço; e outro composto por textura mais argilosa, geoquimicamente heterogêneos e com teores significativos de minerais 2:1, Al2O3, óxidos de Fe e Mn, bases e elementos-traço.

  8. Team errors: definition and taxonomy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sasou, Kunihide; Reason, James

    1999-01-01

    In error analysis or error management, the focus is usually upon individuals who have made errors. In large complex systems, however, most people work in teams or groups. Considering this working environment, insufficient emphasis has been given to 'team errors'. This paper discusses the definition of team errors and its taxonomy. These notions are also applied to events that have occurred in the nuclear power industry, aviation industry and shipping industry. The paper also discusses the relations between team errors and Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs). As a result, the proposed definition and taxonomy are found to be useful in categorizing team errors. The analysis also reveals that deficiencies in communication, resource/task management, excessive authority gradient, excessive professional courtesy will cause team errors. Handling human errors as team errors provides an opportunity to reduce human errors

  9. Solo Librarians and Intellectual Freedom: Perspectives from the Field

    Science.gov (United States)

    Adams, Helen R.

    2011-01-01

    As schools across the country face increasing fiscal restraints, school library professional positions are being eliminated at an alarming rate. As a result, many school librarians are becoming the only certified library professional in a district, serving multiple schools and grade levels. Suddenly, each is a solo librarian. As a solo librarian…

  10. Thrombocytopenia following implantation of the stentless biological sorin freedom SOLO valve.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gersak, Borut; Gartner, Urska; Antonic, Miha

    2011-07-01

    Stentless biological valves have proven advantages in hemodynamic performance and left ventricular function compared to stented biological valves. Following a marked postoperative fall in the platelet count of patients after implantation of the Freedom SOLO valve, the study aim was to confirm clinical observations that this effect was more severe in patients receiving Freedom SOLO valves than in those receiving St. Jude Medical (SJM) mechanical aortic valves. Preoperative and postoperative platelet counts were compared in two groups of patients who underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) without any concomitant procedures between January and December 2007. Patients received either a Freedom SOLO valve (n = 28) or a SJM mechanical valve (n = 41). Mean values of platelet counts were compared using three multiple linear regression models. Platelet counts were significantly lower in the Freedom SOLO group than in the SJM group from the first postoperative day (POD 1) up to POD 6 (p SOLO group the platelet count fell below 30x10(9)/l, while the lowest level in the SJM group was 75x10(9)/l. Based on multiple linear regression models, the type of valve implanted had a statistically significant influence on postoperative platelet counts on POD 1, POD 3, and POD 5 (p SOLO group.

  11. Formas de potássio em solos representativos do Estado da Paraíba

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jailma dos Santos de Medeiros

    Full Text Available Os solos do Estado da Paraíba apresentam grande diversidade de características químicas, físicas e mineralógicas, acarretando em variações nos teores e formas de K disponíveis no solo. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os teores de K não-trocável, K trocável e K solúvel em doze solos do Estado da Paraíba, na ausência e na presença de fertilização potássica, e correlacioná-los com as características químicas, físicas e mineralógicas desses solos. O estudo constou de 60 tratamentos, sendo 12 solos e cinco doses de K (0; 50; 100; 200 e 300 mg dm-3 na forma de cloreto de potássio, com três repetições. Após receberem os tratamentos, os solos foram incubados por um período de 21 dias, e em seguida, uma sub-amostra de 0,2 dm³ de cada solo foi retirada para determinação dos teores de K não-trocável, K trocável e K solúvel. Os solos formados sob clima semiárido foram os solos que apresentaram as maiores reservas de K não-trocável. Solos com maior proporção de mica e minerais do tipo 2:1 na fração argila apresentaram os maiores teores de K não-trocável e K trocável. Independente do grupo de solos, os teores de silte apresentaram correlação elevada com os teores de K não-trocável e de K trocável. Nos solos mais desenvolvidos, não foi evidenciada fixação de K proveniente do fertilizante. Porém, nos solos menos desenvolvidos, a fixação de K ficou evidenciada pela pequena quantidade de K recuperada pelo extrator acetato de amônio nos solos mais argilosos e, principalmente, naqueles com predominância de minerais do tipo 2:1 e mica.

  12. A philosophical taxonomy of ethically significant moral distress.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thomas, Tessy A; McCullough, Laurence B

    2015-02-01

    Moral distress is one of the core topics of clinical ethics. Although there is a large and growing empirical literature on the psychological aspects of moral distress, scholars, and empirical investigators of moral distress have recently called for greater conceptual clarity. To meet this recognized need, we provide a philosophical taxonomy of the categories of what we call ethically significant moral distress: the judgment that one is not able, to differing degrees, to act on one's moral knowledge about what one ought to do. We begin by unpacking the philosophical components of Andrew Jameton's original formulation from his landmark 1984 work and identify two key respects in which that formulation remains unclear: the origins of moral knowledge and impediments to acting on that moral knowledge. We then selectively review subsequent literature that shows that there is more than one concept of moral distress and that explores the origin of the values implicated in moral distress and impediments to acting on those values. This review sets the stage for identifying the elements of a philosophical taxonomy of ethically significant moral distress. The taxonomy uses these elements to create six categories of ethically significant moral distress: challenges to, threats to, and violations of professional integrity; and challenges to, threats to, and violations of individual integrity. We close with suggestions about how the proposed philosophical taxonomy of ethically significant moral distress sheds light on the concepts of moral residue and crescendo effect of moral distress and how the proposed taxonomy might usefully guide prevention of and future qualitative and quantitative empirical research on ethically significant moral distress. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Journal of Medicine and Philosophy Inc. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  13. Developing a taxonomy of coordination behaviours in nuclear power plant control rooms during emergencies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Dunxing; Gao, Qin; Li, Zhizhong; Song, Fei; Ma, Liang

    2017-12-01

    This study aims to develop a taxonomy of coordination behaviours during emergencies in nuclear power plants (NPPs). We summarised basic coordination behaviours from literature in aviation, health care and nuclear field and identified coordination behaviours specific to the nuclear domain by interviewing and surveying control crew operators. The established taxonomy includes 7 workflow stages and 24 basic coordination behaviours. To evaluate the reliability and feasibility of the taxonomy, we analysed 12 videos of operators' training sessions by coding coordination behaviours with the taxonomy and the inter-rater reliability was acceptable. Further analysis of the frequency, the duration and the direction of the coordination behaviours revealed four coordination problems. This taxonomy provides a foundation of systematic observation of coordination behaviours among NPP crews, advances researchers' understanding of the coordination mechanism during emergencies in NPPs and facilitate the possibility to deepen the understanding of the relationships between coordination behaviours and team performance. Practitioner Summary: A taxonomy of coordination behaviours during emergencies in nuclear power plants was developed. Reliability and feasibility of the taxonomy was verified through the analysis of 12 training sessions. The taxonomy can serve as an observation system for analysis of coordination behaviours and help to identify coordination problems of control crews.

  14. Development of a taxonomy of behaviour change techniques used in individual behavioural support for smoking cessation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Michie, Susan; Hyder, Natasha; Walia, Asha; West, Robert

    2011-04-01

    Individual behavioural support for smoking cessation is effective but little is known about the 'active ingredients'. As a first step to establishing this, it is essential to have a consistent terminology for specifying intervention content. This study aimed to develop for the first time a reliable taxonomy of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used within individual behavioural support for smoking cessation. Two source documents describing recommended practice were identified and analysed by two coders into component BCTs. The resulting taxonomy of BCTs was applied to 43 treatment manuals obtained from the English Stop Smoking Services (SSSs). In the first 28 of these, pairs of coders applied the taxonomy independently and inter-coder reliability was assessed. The BCTs were also categorised by two coders according to their main function and inter-coder reliability for this was assessed. Forty-three BCTs were identified which could be classified into four functions: 1) directly addressing motivation e.g. providing rewards contingent on abstinence, 2) maximising self-regulatory capacity or skills e.g. facilitating barrier identification and problem solving, 3) promoting adjuvant activities e.g. advising on stop-smoking medication, and 4) supporting other BCTs e.g. building general rapport. Percentage agreement in identifying BCTs and of categorising BCTs into their functions ranged from 86% to 95% and discrepancies were readily resolved through discussion. It is possible to develop a reliable taxonomy of BCTs used in behavioural support for smoking cessation which can provide a starting point for investigating the association between intervention content and outcome and can form a basis for determining competences required to undertake the role of stop smoking specialist. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  15. Interplay between Solo and keratin filaments is crucial for mechanical force–induced stress fiber reinforcement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujiwara, Sachiko; Ohashi, Kazumasa; Mashiko, Toshiya; Kondo, Hiroshi; Mizuno, Kensaku

    2016-01-01

    Mechanical force–induced cytoskeletal reorganization is essential for cell and tissue remodeling and homeostasis; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain elusive. Solo (ARHGEF40) is a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) involved in cyclical stretch–induced human endothelial cell reorientation and convergent extension cell movement in zebrafish gastrula. In this study, we show that Solo binds to keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments through multiple sites. Solo overexpression promotes the formation of thick actin stress fibers and keratin bundles, whereas knockdown of Solo, expression of a GEF-inactive mutant of Solo, or inhibition of ROCK suppresses stress fiber formation and leads to disorganized keratin networks, indicating that the Solo-RhoA-ROCK pathway serves to precisely organize keratin networks, as well as to promote stress fibers. Of importance, knockdown of Solo or K18 or overexpression of GEF-inactive or deletion mutants of Solo suppresses tensile force–induced stress fiber reinforcement. Furthermore, knockdown of Solo or K18 suppresses tensile force-induced RhoA activation. These results strongly suggest that the interplay between Solo and K8/K18 filaments plays a crucial role in tensile force–induced RhoA activation and consequent actin cytoskeletal reinforcement. PMID:26823019

  16. Solo Librarians Working Collaboratively

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nickel, Robbie

    2011-01-01

    The Elko County School District in Nevada has elementary school librarians that are "solo" librarians. Over the last several years they have worked to collaborate on meeting monthly--even though the district covers 17,100 square miles--and on providing professional development face to face and online. Sharing and collaboration help them…

  17. Norms for environmentally responsible behaviour: An extended taxonomy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thøgersen, John

    2006-01-01

    and shopping. Also the frequency of the four behaviours was measured. The revised taxonomy has content, discriminant, predictive, and nomological validity and satisfactory test-retest reliability. The most internalized of the new norm constructs, integrated norms, is most strongly correlated with conventional...... measures of personal and moral norms. However, other constructs in the proposed taxonomy still contribute significantly to predicting conventional norm measures after controlling for integrated norms. This documents the motivational ambiguity of the conventional personal norm construct. The patterns...

  18. Comment: 219 [Taxonomy Icon

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes Oryzias_latipes_L.png 219.png Taxonomy icon (c) Database Center for Life Sci...ence licensed under CC Attribution2.1 Japan アイコン:メダカ HNI-Ⅱ系統バージョン bando 2010/02/15 15:31:07 2010/02/16 09:53:27 ...

  19. Towards the Development of a Taxonomy for Visualisation of Streamed Geospatial Data

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sibolla, B. H.; Van Zyl, T.; Coetzee, S.

    2016-06-01

    Geospatial data has very specific characteristics that need to be carefully captured in its visualisation, in order for the user and the viewer to gain knowledge from it. The science of visualisation has gained much traction over the last decade as a response to various visualisation challenges. During the development of an open source based, dynamic two-dimensional visualisation library, that caters for geospatial streaming data, it was found necessary to conduct a review of existing geospatial visualisation taxonomies. The review was done in order to inform the design phase of the library development, such that either an existing taxonomy can be adopted or extended to fit the needs at hand. The major challenge in this case is to develop dynamic two dimensional visualisations that enable human interaction in order to assist the user to understand the data streams that are continuously being updated. This paper reviews the existing geospatial data visualisation taxonomies that have been developed over the years. Based on the review, an adopted taxonomy for visualisation of geospatial streaming data is presented. Example applications of this taxonomy are also provided. The adopted taxonomy will then be used to develop the information model for the visualisation library in a further study.

  20. Diagnóstico e desenvolvimento inicial de mamoneira em solos de áreas degradadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rivaldo Vital Santos

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available A degradação do solo no semiárido também ocorre pelo desmatamento da Caatinga e pela remoção da camada superficial do solo, cujo destino é a indústria de cerâmica ou olarias. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento da mamoneira em solos degradados. Os tratamentos consistiram de solos degradados: subsolo degradado-1, subsolo degradado-2 e área desmatada; quatro doses de fósforo (0, 100, 200, 300 mgkg-1 P, com três repetições. As testemunhas absolutas, sem fósforo, corresponderam ao solo salinizado não corrigido, solo-1 não degradado, solo-2 não degradado e solo de caatinga não desmatada. O solo degradado por sais, o subsolo-2, recebeu correção com gesso agrícola, foi incubado e lavado. Os resultados demonstraram que a análise do subsolo degradado revelou alta salinidade e baixos teores de fósforo e matéria orgânica, o subsolo degradado salino exige correção com gesso para tornar possível o cultivo da mamona em caatinga desmatada e subsolos degradados. As doses de fósforo não promoveram desenvolvimento significativo em mudas de mamona.

  1. Let’s rise up to unite taxonomy and technology

    Science.gov (United States)

    2017-01-01

    What do you think of when you think of taxonomy? An 18th century gentlemen in breeches? Or perhaps botany drawings hung on the walls of a boutique hotel? Such old-fashioned conceptions to the contrary, taxonomy is alive today although constantly struggling for survival and recognition. The scientific community is losing valuable resources as taxonomy experts age and retire, and funding for morphological studies and species descriptions remains stagnant. At the same time, organismal knowledge (morphology, ecology, physiology) has never been more important: genomic studies are becoming more taxon focused, the scientific community is recognizing the limitations of traditional “model” organisms, and taxonomic expertise is desperately needed to fight against global biodiversity declines resulting from human impacts. There has never been a better time for a taxonomic renaissance. PMID:28820884

  2. A Taxonomy of Latent Structure Assumptions for Probability Matrix Decomposition Models.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meulders, Michel; De Boeck, Paul; Van Mechelen, Iven

    2003-01-01

    Proposed a taxonomy of latent structure assumptions for probability matrix decomposition (PMD) that includes the original PMD model and a three-way extension of the multiple classification latent class model. Simulation study results show the usefulness of the taxonomy. (SLD)

  3. Taxonomy in biomedical resources of the Exclusive Economic Zone of India

    Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

    Parulekar, A.H.

    stream_size 9 stream_content_type text/plain stream_name Taxonomy_Environ_Biol_1990_49.pdf.txt stream_source_info Taxonomy_Environ_Biol_1990_49.pdf.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 ...

  4. ARTIKULASI IDENTITAS WONG SOLO DI EKS ENKLAVE SURAKARTA: KONSTRUKSI BAHASA DAN PEMERTAHANANNYA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sulistyowati .

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Culturally Kotagede and Imogiri consist of the ex enclave regions of Surakarta which are called Kotagede SK and Imogiri SK. The community of the ex Surakarta enclave is also known as Wong Solo. This article describes the existence of Wong Solo in Surakarta ex enclave in maintaining its identities. The label of priyayi, courteous, alus, glamorous, and umuk attached to Wong Solo articulated through language practices and material culture. Historical and sociocultural perspective used to describe the verbal expression as identity markers and narratives elicited through etnographic work. It is assumed that the romanticism of the elite, class consciousness, and awareness of the preservation of tradition dominate retention Wong Solo. Cultural agencies, Surakarta and Yogyakarta Palace in the historical affinity presented by abdi dalem juru kunci of the kings of Mataram cemetery become binding factor of Wong Solo identity in Surakarta ex enclave.

  5. Solos urbanos Urban soils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fabrício de Araújo Pedron

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available A forte pressão provocada pela expansão urbana desordenada sobre os recursos naturais, principalmente os solos, tem provocado danos, muitas vezes de difícil reparo. A grande concentração populacional em centros urbanos cada vez maiores tem dirigido a atenção de diferentes profissionais para o recurso solo, no sentido de entender sua dinâmica para minimizar sua degradação. No entanto, a falta de conhecimento sobre as propriedades, bem como sobre a aptidão dos solos sob uso urbano tem provocado o seu mau uso, resultando em processos como compactação, erosão, deslizamentos e inundações, assim como poluição com substâncias orgânicas, inorgânicas e patógenos, aumentando os custos do desenvolvimento afetando toda a sociedade. Neste sentido, este texto discute como o conhecimento pedológico pode diminuir os efeitos negativos provocados pelo processo de urbanização.The strong pressure caused by the disordered urban expansion over the natural resources, mainly the soils, has caused damages, many times difficult to repair. The great population concentration in urban centers getting larger and larger has been driving the attention of different professionals to soil resource, in the sense of understanding its dynamics to minimize its degradation. The lack of knowledge related to the soils properties and capability promote their inappropriate use, resultig in degrading processes as compaction, erosion, sliding, floods, and organic, inorganic and patogenic pollution, increasing the cost of development and affecting the whole society. This text discusses how pedologic knowledge can reduce the negative effects caused by the urbanization process.

  6. Unpacking the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy: Developing Case-Based Learning Activities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nkhoma, Mathews Zanda; Lam, Tri Khai; Sriratanaviriyakul, Narumon; Richardson, Joan; Kam, Booi; Lau, Kwok Hung

    2017-01-01

    Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose the use of case studies in teaching an undergraduate course of Internet for Business in class, based on the revised Bloom's taxonomy. The study provides the empirical evidence about the effect of case-based teaching method integrated the revised Bloom's taxonomy on students' incremental learning,…

  7. Taxonomia de solos desenvolvidos sobre depósitos sedimentares da Formação Solimões no Estado do Acre Taxonomy of soils developed under sedimentary deposits from Solimões Formation in Acre state, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Thiago de Andrade Bernini

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Os solos do Estado do Acre na maioria são formados sobre material de origem com grande influência da orogênese Andina, com elevados teores de Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+ concomitantemente, associado às combinações diferenciadas dos valores da CTC, V e m. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e classificar os solos de uma topossequência sobre material sedimentar da Formação Solimões, no município de Feijó, Acre. Foram abertas trincheiras em três pontos de uma topossequência: terço superior (P1, terço médio (P2 e terço inferior (P3. Os solos foram analisados quanto a morfologia, granulometria (areia, silte e argila, complexo sortivo (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ e Al3+, acidez potencial (H+Al, P assimilável, pH (água e KCl, superfície específica, ataque sulfúrico (óxidos de Fe, Al, Ti e Si, mineralogia (frações areia, silte e argila. Os solos foram classificados segundo o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS, 2006 e apresentada uma proposta de classificação considerando as peculiaridades do solos da região. Os solos têm baixo grau de desenvolvimento pedogenético, com minerais da fração argila de alta atividade, além da presença de minerais primários, como feldspatos e plagioclásios, nas frações areia e silte. Os solos foram classificados segundo o SiBCS atual como Argissolo Vermelho Álitico plíntico (P1, Argissolo Acinzentado Distrófico plíntico (P2 e Cambissolo Háplico Ta Eutrófico típico (P3.The soils from the State of Acre (Brazil are mostly formed under parent material with influence of Andean orogeny, showing high Ca2+, Mg2+and Al3+ contents concomitantly associated with different combinations of CEC, V and m values. This study aimed to characterize and classify soils of a topossequence under sedimentary material from Solimões Formation, in the county of Feijó, State of Acre, Brazil. Trenches were opened in three points on a topossequence: shoulder (P1, backslope (P2 and footslope (P3. The

  8. Mineralogia e geoquímica de perfis de solo com Terra Preta Arqueológica de Bom Jesus do Tocantins, sudeste da Amazônia Mineralogy and geochemistry of soil profiles with Archeological Black Earth from Bom Jesus do Tocantins, southeastern Amazon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Any Kelly Terra da Silva

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available A comparação de dados morfológicos, mineralógicos e químicos de solo com horizontes antrópicos - Terra Preta Arqueológica (TPA com Argissolos adjacentes permitiu identificar os principais processos responsáveis pela formação da TPA em um sítio arqueológico no Município de Bom Jesus do Tocantins, sudeste do Estado do Pará. A similaridade entre os dados dos horizontes subsuperficiais do solo com TPA e solos adjacentes indica que o horizonte antrópico do solo TPA foi provavelmente desenvolvido a partir de um horizonte similar aos Argissolos adjacentes com posterior transformação pedogenética através da introdução de materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos por antigas colonizações humanas, resultando no espessamento do horizonte superficial e em concentrações maiores de CaO e P2O5 (teores totais, Zn (teor traço, P e Zn disponível (teores disponíveis, além de Ca e Mg trocáveis (teores trocáveis em relação aos Argissolos adjacentes. Além disso, essa intervenção antrópica antiga também provocou modificações no horizonte subsuperficial do Argissolo com TPA, como concentrações altas de P2O5 e principalmente P disponível. O Soil Taxonomy e o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS são adequados para a identificação de solo com horizonte antrópico (p.exe. TPA, uma vez que priorizam nas ordens do solo os principais processos pedogenéticos atuantes na formação do solo, relacionados aos horizontes subsuperficiais, além das transformações pedogenéticas posteriores no horizonte superficial. Contudo, este trabalho recomenda o acréscimo de alguns atributos diagnósticos como quantidade de artefatos cerâmicos e líticos, P2O5, P e Zn disponíveis, C orgânico, Ca2++ Mg2+ (teores trocáveis, CTC e índice de saturação por bases no horizonte superficial para o agrupamento e distinção dos diversos tipos de solos antrópicos antigos da Amazônia.The comparison of morphological, mineralogical and

  9. An error taxonomy system for analysis of haemodialysis incidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gu, Xiuzhu; Itoh, Kenji; Suzuki, Satoshi

    2014-12-01

    This paper describes the development of a haemodialysis error taxonomy system for analysing incidents and predicting the safety status of a dialysis organisation. The error taxonomy system was developed by adapting an error taxonomy system which assumed no specific specialty to haemodialysis situations. Its application was conducted with 1,909 incident reports collected from two dialysis facilities in Japan. Over 70% of haemodialysis incidents were reported as problems or complications related to dialyser, circuit, medication and setting of dialysis condition. Approximately 70% of errors took place immediately before and after the four hours of haemodialysis therapy. Error types most frequently made in the dialysis unit were omission and qualitative errors. Failures or complications classified to staff human factors, communication, task and organisational factors were found in most dialysis incidents. Device/equipment/materials, medicine and clinical documents were most likely to be involved in errors. Haemodialysis nurses were involved in more incidents related to medicine and documents, whereas dialysis technologists made more errors with device/equipment/materials. This error taxonomy system is able to investigate incidents and adverse events occurring in the dialysis setting but is also able to estimate safety-related status of an organisation, such as reporting culture. © 2014 European Dialysis and Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association.

  10. Instruments and Taxonomy of Workplace Bullying in Health Care Organizations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eun-Jun Park, PhD, RN

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Summary: Purpose: This study was aimed to evaluate the methodological issues and comprehensiveness of workplace bullying instruments and to suggest a taxonomy of psychological abuse. Methods: Nineteen instruments applied in health care organizations and 469 questionnaire items mainly regarding psychological abuse were collected through a literature review. Three researchers classified the questionnaire items according to a “taxonomy of psychological abuse in the workplace.” Results: Many instruments of workplace bullying were developed in the 2000s using a reflective measurement model, but their psychometric property was not sufficient and the measurement model is questioned. Based on the questionnaire items, the “taxonomy of psychological abuse in the workplace” was modified by adding two new subcategories (unachievable work and unfair treatment and clarifying some operational definitions. According to the modified taxonomy of 11 (subcategories, the reviewed instruments assessed 6.5 (subcategories on average. No instrument measured all (subcategories. Category 4.2 (disrespect, humiliation, and rejection of the person was measured in all instruments, followed by Categories 5 (professional discredit and denigration and 1.2 (social isolation behaviors. Conclusion: The current instruments are not comprehensive enough. It is suggested that the modified taxonomy is verified and guide more reliable and inclusive instruments in the future. Furthermore, a formative measurement model, which defines a bullying as an inventory of different types of behaviors, should be used. Keywords: aggression, bullying, hostility, mobbing, surveys and questionnaires

  11. Climbing Bloom's taxonomy pyramid: Lessons from a graduate histology course.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zaidi, Nikki B; Hwang, Charles; Scott, Sara; Stallard, Stefanie; Purkiss, Joel; Hortsch, Michael

    2017-09-01

    Bloom's taxonomy was adopted to create a subject-specific scoring tool for histology multiple-choice questions (MCQs). This Bloom's Taxonomy Histology Tool (BTHT) was used to analyze teacher- and student-generated quiz and examination questions from a graduate level histology course. Multiple-choice questions using histological images were generally assigned a higher BTHT level than simple text questions. The type of microscopy technique (light or electron microscopy) used for these image-based questions did not result in any significant differences in their Bloom's taxonomy scores. The BTHT levels for teacher-generated MCQs correlated positively with higher discrimination indices and inversely with the percent of students answering these questions correctly (difficulty index), suggesting that higher-level Bloom's taxonomy questions differentiate well between higher- and lower-performing students. When examining BTHT scores for MCQs that were written by students in a Multiple-Choice Item Development Assignment (MCIDA) there was no significant correlation between these scores and the students' ability to answer teacher-generated MCQs. This suggests that the ability to answer histology MCQs relies on a different skill set than the aptitude to construct higher-level Bloom's taxonomy questions. However, students significantly improved their average BTHT scores from the midterm to the final MCIDA task, which indicates that practice, experience and feedback increased their MCQ writing proficiency. Anat Sci Educ 10: 456-464. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.

  12. MICRONUTRIENTES NOS SOLOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA CRUZ DO SUL, RS, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alcido Kirst

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar a fertilidade dos solos do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil, em relação aos micronutrientes zinco, ferro, manganês, cobre e boro, baseado nos laudos técnicos de análise de solo realizados pelo Laboratório de Solos da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, no período de 2001 a 2005. Ao todo, 3548 laudos de solo foram interpretados. As técnicas analíticas para a determinação destas variáveis seguiram a metodologia utilizada pela Rede Oficial de Laboratórios de Análises de Solos e Tecido Vegetal do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina (ROLAS. Os resultados indicaram que a avaliação da fertilidade dos solos do município apresentou altas concentrações  dos micronutrientes zinco, cobre, manganês e ferro e concentrações médias de boro, indicando adequadas condições de fertilidade para as culturas predominantes na região.

  13. EPA's Information Architecture and Web Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    EPA's Information Architecture creates a topical organization of our website, instead of an ownership-based organization. The EPA Web Taxonomy allows audiences easy access to relevant information from EPA programs, by using a common vocabulary.

  14. NASA Taxonomies for Searching Problem Reports and FMEAs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Malin, Jane T.; Throop, David R.

    2006-01-01

    Many types of hazard and risk analyses are used during the life cycle of complex systems, including Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA), Hazard Analysis, Fault Tree and Event Tree Analysis, Probabilistic Risk Assessment, Reliability Analysis and analysis of Problem Reporting and Corrective Action (PRACA) databases. The success of these methods depends on the availability of input data and the analysts knowledge. Standard nomenclature can increase the reusability of hazard, risk and problem data. When nomenclature in the source texts is not standard, taxonomies with mapping words (sets of rough synonyms) can be combined with semantic search to identify items and tag them with metadata based on a rich standard nomenclature. Semantic search uses word meanings in the context of parsed phrases to find matches. The NASA taxonomies provide the word meanings. Spacecraft taxonomies and ontologies (generalization hierarchies with attributes and relationships, based on terms meanings) are being developed for types of subsystems, functions, entities, hazards and failures. The ontologies are broad and general, covering hardware, software and human systems. Semantic search of Space Station texts was used to validate and extend the taxonomies. The taxonomies have also been used to extract system connectivity (interaction) models and functions from requirements text. Now the Reconciler semantic search tool and the taxonomies are being applied to improve search in the Space Shuttle PRACA database, to discover recurring patterns of failure. Usual methods of string search and keyword search fall short because the entries are terse and have numerous shortcuts (irregular abbreviations, nonstandard acronyms, cryptic codes) and modifier words cannot be used in sentence context to refine the search. The limited and fixed FMEA categories associated with the entries do not make the fine distinctions needed in the search. The approach assigns PRACA report titles to problem classes in

  15. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Multidimensional Approach to Classifying Acute Pain Conditions

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kent, Michael L; Tighe, Patrick J; Belfer, Inna

    2017-01-01

    the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION), American Pain Society (APS), and American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM). METHODS: As a complement to a taxonomy recently developed for chronic pain, the ACTTION public-private partnership...... with the US Food and Drug Administration, the APS, and the AAPM convened a consensus meeting of experts to develop an acute pain taxonomy using prevailing evidence. Key issues pertaining to the distinct nature of acute pain are presented followed by the agreed-upon taxonomy. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Acute Pain...... Taxonomy will include the following dimensions: 1) core criteria, 2) common features, 3) modulating factors, 4) impact/functional consequences, and 5) putative pathophysiologic pain mechanisms. Future efforts will consist of working groups utilizing this taxonomy to develop diagnostic criteria...

  16. Comparative Outcomes of Two Instructional Models for Students with Learning Disabilities: Inclusion with Co-Teaching and Solo-Taught Special Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tremblay, Philippe

    2013-01-01

    We compared two instructional models (co-teaching inclusion and solo-taught special education) for students with learning disabilities (LD) with regard to their effect on academic achievement and class attendance. Twelve inclusive classes (experimental group) and 13 special education classes (control group) participated in the study. In grade 1,…

  17. Medição e estimativa da temperatura à superf´cie de dois tipos de solos: influência da radiação solar e da humidade do solo

    OpenAIRE

    Andrade, José; Abreu, Francisco

    2007-01-01

    A temperatura à superfície do solo afecta em larga medida diferentes processos físicos, químicos e biológicos nela ocorridos, nomeadamente a evaporação, o fluxo de energia e de água no solo e a actividade microbiana. A superfície do solo é uma interface dinâmica influenciada simultaneamente por processos ocorridos no solo e na camada de ar acima deste, pelo que a medição da sua temperatura se apresenta como uma tarefa difícil e não isenta de erros. Pretende-se avaliar a influência da radi...

  18. Interplay between Solo and keratin filaments is crucial for mechanical force-induced stress fiber reinforcement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujiwara, Sachiko; Ohashi, Kazumasa; Mashiko, Toshiya; Kondo, Hiroshi; Mizuno, Kensaku

    2016-03-15

    Mechanical force-induced cytoskeletal reorganization is essential for cell and tissue remodeling and homeostasis; however, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain elusive. Solo (ARHGEF40) is a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) involved in cyclical stretch-induced human endothelial cell reorientation and convergent extension cell movement in zebrafish gastrula. In this study, we show that Solo binds to keratin-8/keratin-18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments through multiple sites. Solo overexpression promotes the formation of thick actin stress fibers and keratin bundles, whereas knockdown of Solo, expression of a GEF-inactive mutant of Solo, or inhibition of ROCK suppresses stress fiber formation and leads to disorganized keratin networks, indicating that the Solo-RhoA-ROCK pathway serves to precisely organize keratin networks, as well as to promote stress fibers. Of importance, knockdown of Solo or K18 or overexpression of GEF-inactive or deletion mutants of Solo suppresses tensile force-induced stress fiber reinforcement. Furthermore, knockdown of Solo or K18 suppresses tensile force-induced RhoA activation. These results strongly suggest that the interplay between Solo and K8/K18 filaments plays a crucial role in tensile force-induced RhoA activation and consequent actin cytoskeletal reinforcement. © 2016 Fujiwara et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

  19. Project Solo; Newsletter Number Twenty.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pittsburgh Univ., PA. Project Solo.

    Three Project Solo modules are presented. They are designed to teach the concepts of elementary matrix operation, matrix multiplication, and finite-state automata. Together with the module on communication matrices from Newsletter #17 they form a well motivated but structured path to expertise in this area. (JY)

  20. EFEITO DA TRIFLURALINA SOBRE A ATIVIDADE BIOLÓGICA EM DOIS SOLOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ecila Maria Nunes Giracca

    1991-12-01

    Full Text Available A influência da Trifluralina 600 CE sobre a atividade microbiana e taxa de liberação de CO2 foi estudada com amostras de solos da Unidade de Mapeamento São Pedro e Cruz Alta, incubados a 80% da capacidade de campo ou saturados, com tratamentos equivalendo a 2 e 4 litros por hectare, com cinco repetições, durante 140 dias. A cada sete dias foram efetuadas titulações de CO2 liberado. Posteriormente foi executado bioensaio com Sorghum bicolor L. Moench para análise da persistência do produto no solo. O herbicida nas dosagens usadas não afetou a atividade microbiana. A persistência do herbicida mostrou diferença significativa entre plântulas anormais para os dois solos em capacidade de campo, o mesmo não ocorrendo quando a germinação foi em solos saturados.

  1. Variabilidade espacial da resistência do solo à penetração e da taxa de estratificação de carbono orgânico do solo em um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico

    OpenAIRE

    Fidalski,Jonez; Tormena,Cássio Antonio; Gonçalves,Antonio Carlos Andrade; Oliveira Júnior,Rubem Silvério

    2006-01-01

    A compactação e a qualidade do solo são constantemente questionadas para a definição do manejo de solo em plantio direto. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a variabilidade espacial da resistência do solo à penetração, da densidade do solo e a taxa de estratificação de carbono orgânico do solo em camadas de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico, textura muito argilosa, em áreas contíguas de plantio direto com rotação de culturas e plantio direto com sucessão de culturas associado à escarifi...

  2. Interpersonal lexicon : Structural evidence from two independently constructed verb-based taxonomies

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    De Raad, B.

    1999-01-01

    In this study the structure of interpersonal behavior is investigated according to the principles of the so-called psycholexical approach. As bases for this study, we used the data from a taxonomy of interpersonal behavior verbs and a subset of data from a taxonomy of interpersonal tl-nir verbs. The

  3. Expanding the taxonomy of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peck, C C; Goulet, J-P; Lobbezoo, F; Schiffman, E L; Alstergren, P; Anderson, G C; de Leeuw, R; Jensen, R; Michelotti, A; Ohrbach, R; Petersson, A; List, T

    2014-01-01

    There is a need to expand the current temporomandibular disorders' (TMDs) classification to include less common but clinically important disorders. The immediate aim was to develop a consensus-based classification system and associated diagnostic criteria that have clinical and research utility for less common TMDs. The long-term aim was to establish a foundation, vis-à-vis this classification system, that will stimulate data collection, validity testing and further criteria refinement. A working group [members of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), members of the Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group (SIG) of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), and members from other professional societies] reviewed disorders for inclusion based on clinical significance, the availability of plausible diagnostic criteria and the ability to operationalise and study the criteria. The disorders were derived from the literature when possible and based on expert opinion as necessary. The expanded TMDs taxonomy was presented for feedback at international meetings. Of 56 disorders considered, 37 were included in the expanded taxonomy and were placed into the following four categories: temporomandibular joint disorders, masticatory muscle disorders, headache disorders and disorders affecting associated structures. Those excluded were extremely uncommon, lacking operationalised diagnostic criteria, not clearly related to TMDs, or not sufficiently distinct from disorders already included within the taxonomy. The expanded TMDs taxonomy offers an integrated approach to clinical diagnosis and provides a framework for further research to operationalise and test the proposed taxonomy and diagnostic criteria. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  4. Manejo da fertirrigação e controle da salinidade do solo sob ambiente protegido, utilizando-se extratores de solução do solo

    OpenAIRE

    Dias,Nildo da S.; Duarte,Sergio N.; Gheyi,Hans R.; Medeiros,José F. de; Soares,Tales M.

    2005-01-01

    Com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de extratores de soluções do solo no auxílio ao manejo da fertirrigação e no controle da salinidade em solo cultivado com melão rendilhado, conduziu-se um estudo em ambiente protegido na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da ESALQ/USP, localizada no município de Piracicaba, SP. Os tratamentos se compunham da combinação de dois fatores: 6 níveis de salinidade inicial do solo (S1 = 1,0; S2 = 2,0; S3 = 3,0; S4 = 4,0; S5 = 5,0 e S6 = 6,0 dS m-1) ...

  5. African-American Solo Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: A Representative Profile of Their Health Status.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Whitley, Deborah M; Fuller-Thomson, Esme

    2017-04-01

    The objective of this study is to document the health profile of 252 African-American grandparents raising their grandchildren solo, compared with 1552 African-American single parents. The 2012 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System is used to compare the specific physical and mental health profiles of these two family groups. The findings suggest solo grandparents have prevalence of many health conditions, including arthritis (50.3 %), diabetes (20.1 %), heart attack (16.6 %) and coronary heart disease (16.6 %). Logistic regression analyses suggest that solo grandparents have much higher odds of several chronic health disorders in comparison with single parents, but this difference is largely explained by age. Although solo grandparents have good access to health care insurance and primary care providers, a substantial percentage (44 %) rate their health as fair or poor. Practice interventions to address African American solo grandparents' health needs are discussed.

  6. A 76-year old man with a torn Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wollersheim, Laurens W.; Li, Wilson W.; van der Meulen, Jan; de Mol, Bas A.

    2014-01-01

    We describe a case of a 76-year old male who presented with progressive dyspnoea. He underwent an aortic valve replacement with a Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis 6 years ago. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a moderate-to-severe leakage of the Freedom SOLO bioprosthesis. During surgical

  7. "Ring" in the solo child singing voice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howard, David M; Williams, Jenevora; Herbst, Christian T

    2014-03-01

    Listeners often describe the voices of solo child singers as being "pure" or "clear"; these terms would suggest that the voice is not only pleasant but also clearly audible. The audibility or clarity could be attributed to the presence of high-frequency partials in the sound: a "brightness" or "ring." This article aims to investigate spectrally the acoustic nature of this ring phenomenon in children's solo voices, and in particular, relating it to their "nonring" production. Additionally, this is set in the context of establishing to what extent, if any, the spectral characteristics of ring are shared with those of the singer's formant cluster associated with professional adult opera singers in the 2.5-3.5kHz region. A group of child solo singers, acknowledged as outstanding by a singing teacher who specializes in teaching professional child singers, were recorded in a major UK concert hall performing Come unto him, all ye that labour, from the aria He shall feed his flock from The Messiah by GF Handel. Their singing was accompanied by a recording of a piano played through in-ear headphones. Sound pressure recordings were made from well within the critical distance in the hall. The singers were observed to produce notes with and without ring, and these recordings were analyzed in the frequency domain to investigate their spectra. The results indicate that there is evidence to suggest that ring in child solo singers is carried in two areas of the output spectrum: first in the singer's formant cluster region, centered around 4kHz, which is more than 1000Hz higher than what is observed in adults; and second in the region around 7.5-11kHz where a significant strengthening of harmonic presence is observed. A perceptual test has been carried out demonstrating that 94% of 62 listeners label a synthesized version of the calculated overall average ring spectrum for all subjects as having ring when compared with a synthesized version of the calculated overall average nonring

  8. Modelo para estimativa da infiltração de água e perfil de umidade do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Avelino Cecílio

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available A adequada modelagem da infiltração de água no solo é fundamental para estimação do movimento de água, erosão hídrica, recarga e contaminação de aquíferos. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para estimativa da infiltração de água no solo (GAML-c, com base no modelo de Green-Ampt-Mein-Larson, que provê descrição da geometria e do deslocamento da frente de umedecimento no solo. Testes experimentais foram conduzidos em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo para avaliar o GAML-c, usando-se quatro diferentes cenários: considerando a condutividade hidráulica do solo igual à taxa de infiltração estável (Tie e a umidade máxima do solo igual ao teor de água na zona de transmissão (θw (TW; condutividade hidráulica do solo igual à do solo saturado (K0 e a umidade máxima do solo igual θw (KW; condutividade hidráulica do solo igual à Tie e a umidade máxima do solo igual ao teor de água na saturação (θs (TS; e condutividade hidráulica do solo igual a K0 e a umidade máxima do solo igual θs (KS. Verificou-se que o GAML-c no cenário TW foi o melhor estimador do perfil de umidade do solo, resultando em aceitáveis estimativas da infiltração de água.

  9. Pemetaan Kelembagaan dalam Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sri Rum Giyarsih

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Fakta empiris memberikan pembuktian terhadap pentingnya pengembangan kelembagaan dalam rangka mencapai keberhasilan suatu program pembangunan, bahkan seringkali program pembangunan yang mengabaikan pengembangan kelembagaan berakhir dengan kegagalan. Pengembangan kelembagaan telah menjadi bagian dari strategi pembangunan tak terkecuali dalam Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis di DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu. Sasaran yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan pengembangan kelembagaan adalah tumbuhnya kelembagaan yang tangguh, dinamis, dan berdaya saing serta mandiri dalam melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan. Untuk mencapai hal ini maka perlu dilakukan pemetaan kelembagaan di DAS tersebut. Dari pemetaan kelembagaan yang ada di wilayah ini terdapat tiga lembaga yang dapat melakukan kegiatan Koordinasi, Intergrasi, Sinergitas, Sinkronisasi (KISS yaitu BKPRD (Badan Koordinasi Penataan Ruang Daerah, BP DAS (Badan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai/Forum DAS, dan TKPSDA WS Bengawan Solo (Tim Koordinasi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air Wilayah Sungai Bengawan Solo. Di antara ketiga lembaga tersebut maka TKPSDA adalah lembaga yang dipercaya untuk melakukan Koordinasi, Intergrasi, Sinergitas, Sinkronisasi (KISS dalam pengelolaan lingkungan DAS Bengawan Solo Hulu.

  10. Tephritid taxonomy into the 21st century - Research opportunities and applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Drew, R.A.I.; Romig, M.C.

    2000-01-01

    We write with the firm conviction that taxonomic research forms the essential foundation for all other areas of investigation within the field of biology. This has been well demonstrated in the Tephritidae and is a position at which we have arrived through many years' experience in fruit fly systematic research covering taxonomy, behaviour, biology, ecology and pest control. The importance of sound taxonomic research is highlighted at this time by the known presence of many sibling species complexes across the family. Within the Dacinae, for example, major pest species often occur within groups of closely related species, most of which are not pests. The dorsalis complex of Southeast Asia and the musae complex of Papua New Guinea are examples. Tephritid taxonomy has a long history (over two centuries) and rich heritage with some 4,500 species having been described since the mid-1700s. This research has been carried out in major research centres around the world and particularly in Australia, Europe, Hawaii, mainland USA and South Africa. In Mexico in February 1998, a significant meeting was held on the biology/behaviour and taxonomy of Tephritidae. Specialist researchers in this area presented valuable and interesting data on 'Phylogeny and Evolution of Behaviour' in fruit flies. In summarising current knowledge on the taxonomy and biology of the Tephritidae, the meeting highlighted the outstanding achievements of taxonomy in its contributions to both basic research and pest management programmes over many decades of tephritid studies world-wide. This presentation provides a link between the meetings in Mexico and Penang and enables us to present a summary of our current knowledge and genuine valuable applications of tephritid taxonomy to the overall fruit fly research and pest management effort. In doing this, this presentation also fits into the theme of this conference in Penang, 'Fruit Flies- current global scenario'

  11. Feasibility of four-arm robotic lobectomy as solo surgery in patients with clinical stage I lung cancer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Park, Seong Yong; Suh, Jee Won; Narm, Kyoung Sik; Lee, Chang Young; Lee, Jin Gu; Paik, Hyo Chae; Chung, Kyoung Young; Kim, Dae Joon

    2017-06-01

    This study was performed to investigate the feasibility of four-arm robotic lobectomy (FARL) as a solo surgical technique in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early outcome and long-term survival of FARL were compared with those of video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATL). Prospective enrollment of patients with clinical stage I NSCLC undergoing FARL or VATL (20 patients in each group) was planned. Interim analysis for early postoperative outcome was performed after the initial 10 cases in each group. The study was terminated early because of safety issues in the FARL group after enrollment of 12 FARL and 17 VATL patients from 2011 to 2012. There were no differences in clinical characteristics between groups. Lobectomy time and total operation time were significantly longer in the FARL group (P=0.003). There were three life-threatening events in the FARL group (2 bleedings, 1 bronchus tear) that necessitated thoracotomy conversion in 1 patient. There were no differences in other operative outcomes including pain score, complications, or length of hospital stay. Pathologic stage and number of dissected lymph nodes (LNs) were also comparable. During a follow-up of 48.9±9.5 months, recurrence was identified in 2 (16.7%) patients in FARL group and 3 (23.5%) in VATL group. Five-year overall survival (100% vs . 87.5%, P=0.386) and disease-free survival (82.5% vs . 75.6%, P=0.589) were comparable. FARL as solo surgery could not be recommended because of safety issues. It required a longer operation time and had no benefits over VATL in terms of early postoperative outcome or long-term survival.

  12. Adaptações morfofisiológicas da soja em solo inundado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pires João Leonardo Fernandes

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Há restrições ao crescimento de plantas em condições de inundação do solo, o que limita a sua exploração agrícola a poucas espécies. A soja pode ser uma alternativa, pela alta capacidade adaptativa a estas condições. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as formas de adaptação da soja à inundação do solo, e estabelecer a melhor estratégia para fornecimento de N em solos inundados. Foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação, na Faculdade de Agronomia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS, de setembro a novembro de 1998. Foram testadas duas cultivares de soja (FT-Abyara e BR 4 cultivadas sob dois regimes hídricos (inundação e capacidade de campo e duas estratégias de fornecimento de N (inoculação e N mineral. Manteve-se a soja sob inundação do estádio V2 até V5 (21 dias. A soja apresentou mecanismos que permitem sua adaptação a condições de hipoxia geradas pela inundação do solo. Houve redução nos teores de N, K, Mg e Mn, e aumento nos teores de Fe nas folhas, quando da inundação. Existiram diferenças entre cultivares em solo inundado, destacando-se a cultivar FT-Abyara, pela maior adaptação. O diâmetro do caule sob a lâmina de água foi a característica mais importante na diferenciação de cultivares com vistas a tolerância à inundação. A melhor estratégia para fornecimento de N em condições de solo inundado foi a aplicação de N mineral em cobertura. Porém, mesmo em solo inundado ocorreu nodulação em soja.

  13. Comportamento espectral dos solos na paisagem a partir de dados coletados por sensores terrestre e orbital Spectral response of soils in the landscape based on terrestrial and orbital data acquisition levels

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Geraldo de Abreu Sousa Junior

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Parte da variabilidade dos índices de produção agrícola está associada com as características do solo e da paisagem. Dessa forma, práticas de manejo, como a adubação, devem levar em consideração esta variabilidade. O sensoriamento remoto é uma ferramenta que pode fornecer, de maneira rápida, informações para o manejo do solo, pois relaciona a radiação eletromagnética com os atributos do solo. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento espectral, em dois níveis de aquisição de dados (terrestre e orbital, de diferentes classes de solos ao longo de toposseqüências na região de São Carlos e Ibaté, SP. Para isso, amostras de terra georreferenciadas foram coletadas em 319 pontos, em três profundidades. Em seguida, obtiveram-se os dados radiométricos em laboratório, na faixa espectral entre 450 e 2.500 nm. Os mesmos locais amostrados na camada superficial, no campo, foram avaliados na imagem de satélite. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que: (a teores de areia grossa, argila e matéria orgânica, e cor tiveram relação com a reflectância dos solos; (b ao longo das vertentes ocorrem variações nos dados espectrais dos solos; e (c solos da mesma ordem taxonômica, porém com classes texturais diferentes, apresentam diferentes comportamentos espectrais, podendo ser discriminados por sensoriamento remoto.Part of agricultural production index variability is associated with soil and landscape characteristics. Management practices such as fertilizer application should therefore take the soil spatial variability into account. Remote sensing is a tool that can provide faster information for soil management because it relates electromagnetic radiation with soil attributes. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the spectral response, at two data acquisition levels (terrestrial and orbital, of different soil classes across toposequences in the region of São Carlos and Ibaté, SP. For this

  14. Abstraction of complex concepts with a refined partial-area taxonomy of SNOMED

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Yue; Halper, Michael; Wei, Duo; Perl, Yehoshua; Geller, James

    2012-01-01

    An algorithmically-derived abstraction network, called the partial-area taxonomy, for a SNOMED hierarchy has led to the identification of concepts considered complex. The designation “complex” is arrived at automatically on the basis of structural analyses of overlap among the constituent concept groups of the partial-area taxonomy. Such complex concepts, called overlapping concepts, constitute a tangled portion of a hierarchy and can be obstacles to users trying to gain an understanding of the hierarchy’s content. A new methodology for partitioning the entire collection of overlapping concepts into singly-rooted groups, that are more manageable to work with and comprehend, is presented. Different kinds of overlapping concepts with varying degrees of complexity are identified. This leads to an abstract model of the overlapping concepts called the disjoint partial-area taxonomy, which serves as a vehicle for enhanced, high-level display. The methodology is demonstrated with an application to SNOMED’s Specimen hierarchy. Overall, the resulting disjoint partial-area taxonomy offers a refined view of the hierarchy’s structural organization and conceptual content that can aid users, such as maintenance personnel, working with SNOMED. The utility of the disjoint partial-area taxonomy as the basis for a SNOMED auditing regimen is presented in a companion paper. PMID:21878396

  15. Representatividade e potencial de utilização de um banco de dados de solos do Brasil Coverage and potential use of a soil profile database in Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Muniz Benedetti

    2008-12-01

    semi-árido (BS. De forma semelhante, a altitude de onde ocorrem as classes de solos foi também muito variável, mas os valores de quartis e mediana indicaram algumas faixas preferenciais. Assim, Cambissolos e Latossolos tendem a ocupar os níveis mais altos da paisagem brasileira, ao passo que 75 % dos perfis de Espodossolos e de Plintossolos situam-se em cotas inferiores a 200 m. Além das potencialidades de uso evidenciadas, a estruturação atual da base de dados permite outras aplicações para atender necessidades específicas de estudo, inclusive no que tange a investigações relacionadas ao sistema de classificação de solos que vem sendo desenvolvido no país.Brazilian soil science is outstanding in tropical soil research, with a wealth of information on the soils of the country. However, this knowledge is not readily available. The aim of this study was to increase the range of a national soil profile database, based on soil surveys of wide extent. The soil taxonomy was updated based on the latest version of the Brazilian Soil Classification System. The updated database was also evaluated for coverage and potential for quantitative analyses. For this purpose, the data were arranged in an electronic database and soil classification updated up to the fourth categorical level of the current taxonomic system. Mainly in the first three levels, the name updating procedure was reliable. Restrictions were observed at the fourth level (sub-group, as measured by the degree of confidence used for the assessment of taxonomic classification accuracy. By updating the soil profiles to the current and standard taxonomic criteria, the databases were internally standardized and became comparable to external data, e.g. spatial distribution, altitude and climate types. Profiles of the different taxonomic groups nationwide were well- represented, as well as most federal States. Furthermore, soil profiles from several taxonomic groups were related to the Köppen climate zones

  16. Comportamento espectral de materiais de solos e de estruturas biogênicas associadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. A. M. Demattê

    1998-12-01

    Full Text Available No presente estudo, verificou-se a interferência da macrofauna edáfica sobre os atributos físicos e químicos e sua relação com a reflectância espectral de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LV, Terra Roxa Estruturada latossólica (TR e Vertissolo (V. Esses solos localizam-se em três pontos ao longo de uma toposseqüência da região de Piracicaba (SP. As amostras foram direcionadas para os agregados formados pelas formigas cortadeiras (Atta sp., cupins (Cornitermes cumulans e minhocas (Pontoscolex corethrurus, os quais foram comparados com o solo-controle sem atividade visível e recente dos animais (testemunha. Foram avaliadas a granulometria e a composição química das amostras de solo. O comportamento espectral do solo foi obtido em laboratório, utilizando espectroradiômetro entre 400 e 2.500 nm. Os coprólitos de minhoca apresentaram 2 a 3 vezes mais fósforo e um incremento de 30 a 50% na matéria orgânica em relação ao horizonte superficial do solo. Os agregados de cupins e formigas apresentaram composição química semelhante à dos horizontes subsuperficiais dos solos. O comportamento espectral dos agregados biológicos variou conforme sua composição química e profundidade de ação dos animais. No caso da minhoca, as curvas de reflectância foram semelhantes às do horizonte superficial para os três solos. Para as estruturas de cupim e formiga, tanto a composição química como o comportamento espectral corresponderam ao horizonte subsuperficial no LV e TR.

  17. Systematic comparative content analysis of 17 psychosocial work environment questionnaires using a new taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kop, Jean-Luc; Althaus, Virginie; Formet-Robert, Nadja; Grosjean, Vincent

    2016-04-01

    Many questionnaires have been developed to measure how psychosocial characteristics are perceived in a work environment. But the content validity of these questionnaires has rarely been questioned due to the absence of a reference taxonomy for characteristics of work environments. To propose an exhaustive taxonomy of work environment characteristics involved in psychosocial risks and to apply this taxonomy to questionnaires on workplace psychosocial factors. The taxonomy was developed by categorizing factors present in the main theoretical models of the field. Questionnaire items most frequently cited in scientific literature were retained for classification. The taxonomy was structured into four hierarchical levels and comprises 53 categories. The 17 questionnaires analyzed included 927 items: 59 from the "physical environment" category, 116 from the "social environment" category, 236 from the "work activity" category, 255 from the "activity management" category, and 174 from the "organizational context" category. There are major content differences among analyzed questionnaires. This study offers a means for selecting a scale on the basis of content.

  18. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) : A Dimensional Alternative to Traditional Nosologies

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Kotov, Roman; Krueger, Robert F.; Watson, David; Achenbach, Thomas M.; Althoff, Robert R.; Bagby, R. Michael; Brown, Timothy A.; Carpenter, William T.; Caspi, Avshalom; Clark, Lee Anna; Eaton, Nicholas R.; Forbes, Miriam K.; Forbush, Kelsie T.; Goldberg, David; Hasin, Deborah; Hyman, Steven E.; Ivanova, Masha Y.; Lynam, Donald R.; Markon, Kristian; Miller, Joshua D.; Moffitt, Terrie E.; Morey, Leslie C.; Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N.; Ormel, Johan; Patrick, Christopher J.; Regier, Darrel A.; Rescorla, Leslie; Ruggero, Camilo J.; Samuel, Douglas B.; Sellbom, Martin; Simms, Leonard J.; Skodol, Andrew E.; Slade, Tim; South, Susan C.; Tackett, Jennifer L.; Waldman, Irwin D.; Waszczuk, Monika A.; Widiger, Thomas A.; Wright, Aidan G. C.; Zimmerman, Mark

    The reliability and validity of traditional taxonomies are limited by arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, often unclear boundaries between disorders, frequent disorder co-occurrence, heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic instability. These taxonomies went beyond

  19. A Taxonomy for In-depth Evaluation of Normalization for User Generated Content

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van der Goot, Rob; van Noord, Rik; van Noord, Gertjan

    2018-01-01

    In this work we present a taxonomy of error categories for lexical normalization, which is the task of translating user generated content to canonical language. We annotate a recent normalization dataset to test the practical use of the taxonomy and read a near-perfect agreement. This annotated

  20. Sistem Bisnis Waralaba Restoran Ayam Bakar Wong Solo Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

    OpenAIRE

    Rahman, Taufiqur

    2015-01-01

    This article tries to analyze the franchise business system of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo Restaurant through the Islamic economics perspective. The franchise business system applied by the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo is a cooperation (shirkah) with the type of shirkah mudârabah, where there is a cooperation between the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo as a manager (mudârib) and investors as owners of capital (sahib al-mâl). Both parties allied in the venture capital and the advantage of the alliance is divided in acc...

  1. An improved Greengenes taxonomy with explicit ranks for ecological and evolutionary analyses of bacteria and archaea.

    Science.gov (United States)

    McDonald, Daniel; Price, Morgan N; Goodrich, Julia; Nawrocki, Eric P; DeSantis, Todd Z; Probst, Alexander; Andersen, Gary L; Knight, Rob; Hugenholtz, Philip

    2012-03-01

    Reference phylogenies are crucial for providing a taxonomic framework for interpretation of marker gene and metagenomic surveys, which continue to reveal novel species at a remarkable rate. Greengenes is a dedicated full-length 16S rRNA gene database that provides users with a curated taxonomy based on de novo tree inference. We developed a 'taxonomy to tree' approach for transferring group names from an existing taxonomy to a tree topology, and used it to apply the Greengenes, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and cyanoDB (Cyanobacteria only) taxonomies to a de novo tree comprising 408,315 sequences. We also incorporated explicit rank information provided by the NCBI taxonomy to group names (by prefixing rank designations) for better user orientation and classification consistency. The resulting merged taxonomy improved the classification of 75% of the sequences by one or more ranks relative to the original NCBI taxonomy with the most pronounced improvements occurring in under-classified environmental sequences. We also assessed candidate phyla (divisions) currently defined by NCBI and present recommendations for consolidation of 34 redundantly named groups. All intermediate results from the pipeline, which includes tree inference, jackknifing and transfer of a donor taxonomy to a recipient tree (tax2tree) are available for download. The improved Greengenes taxonomy should provide important infrastructure for a wide range of megasequencing projects studying ecosystems on scales ranging from our own bodies (the Human Microbiome Project) to the entire planet (the Earth Microbiome Project). The implementation of the software can be obtained from http://sourceforge.net/projects/tax2tree/.

  2. A Practitioner's Perspective on Taxonomy, Ontology and Findability

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berndt, Sarah

    2011-01-01

    This slide presentation reviews the presenters perspective on developing a taxonomy for JSC to capitalize on the accomplishments of yesterday, while maintaining the flexibility needed for the evolving information of today. A clear vision and scope for the semantic system is integral to its success. The vision for the JSC Taxonomy is to connect information stovepipes to present a unified view for information and knowledge across the Center, across organizations, and across decades. Semantic search at JSC means seamless integration of disparate information sets into a single interface. Ever increasing use, interest, and organizational participation mark successful integration and provide the framework for future application.

  3. Taxonomy, Ontology and Semantics at Johnson Space Center

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berndt, Sarah Ann

    2011-01-01

    At NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), the Chief Knowledge Officer has been developing the JSC Taxonomy to capitalize on the accomplishments of yesterday while maintaining the flexibility needed for the evolving information environment of today. A clear vision and scope for the semantic system is integral to its success. The vision for the JSC Taxonomy is to connect information stovepipes to present a unified view for information and knowledge across the Center, across organizations, and across decades. Semantic search at JSC means seemless integration of disparate information sets into a single interface. Ever increasing use, interest, and organizational participation mark successful integration and provide the framework for future application.

  4. Rhythms of life: antecedents and outcomes of work-family balance in employed parents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Aryee, Samuel; Srinivas, E S; Tan, Hwee Hoon

    2005-01-01

    This study examined antecedents and outcomes of a fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance in terms of the direction of influence (work-family vs. family-work) and type of effect (conflict vs. facilitation). Respondents were full-time employed parents in India. Confirmatory factor analysis results provided evidence for the discriminant validity of M. R. Frone's (2003) fourfold taxonomy of work-family balance. Results of moderated regression analysis revealed that different processes underlie the conflict and facilitation components. Furthermore, gender had only a limited moderating influence on the relationships between the antecedents and the components of work-family balance. Last, work-family facilitation was related to the work outcomes of job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

  5. Product Engineering Class in the Software Safety Risk Taxonomy for Building Safety-Critical Systems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hill, Janice; Victor, Daniel

    2008-01-01

    When software safety requirements are imposed on legacy safety-critical systems, retrospective safety cases need to be formulated as part of recertifying the systems for further use and risks must be documented and managed to give confidence for reusing the systems. The SEJ Software Development Risk Taxonomy [4] focuses on general software development issues. It does not, however, cover all the safety risks. The Software Safety Risk Taxonomy [8] was developed which provides a construct for eliciting and categorizing software safety risks in a straightforward manner. In this paper, we present extended work on the taxonomy for safety that incorporates the additional issues inherent in the development and maintenance of safety-critical systems with software. An instrument called a Software Safety Risk Taxonomy Based Questionnaire (TBQ) is generated containing questions addressing each safety attribute in the Software Safety Risk Taxonomy. Software safety risks are surfaced using the new TBQ and then analyzed. In this paper we give the definitions for the specialized Product Engineering Class within the Software Safety Risk Taxonomy. At the end of the paper, we present the tool known as the 'Legacy Systems Risk Database Tool' that is used to collect and analyze the data required to show traceability to a particular safety standard

  6. Climbing Bloom's Taxonomy Pyramid: Lessons from a Graduate Histology Course

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zaidi, Nikki B.; Hwang, Charles; Scott, Sara; Stallard, Stefanie; Purkiss, Joel; Hortsch, Michael

    2017-01-01

    Bloom's taxonomy was adopted to create a subject-specific scoring tool for histology multiple-choice questions (MCQs). This Bloom's Taxonomy Histology Tool (BTHT) was used to analyze teacher- and student-generated quiz and examination questions from a graduate level histology course. Multiple-choice questions using histological images were…

  7. The Bootstrap, the Jackknife, and the Randomization Test: A Sampling Taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodgers, J L

    1999-10-01

    A simple sampling taxonomy is defined that shows the differences between and relationships among the bootstrap, the jackknife, and the randomization test. Each method has as its goal the creation of an empirical sampling distribution that can be used to test statistical hypotheses, estimate standard errors, and/or create confidence intervals. Distinctions between the methods can be made based on the sampling approach (with replacement versus without replacement) and the sample size (replacing the whole original sample versus replacing a subset of the original sample). The taxonomy is useful for teaching the goals and purposes of resampling schemes. An extension of the taxonomy implies other possible resampling approaches that have not previously been considered. Univariate and multivariate examples are presented.

  8. STILL AROUND? BARRIERS TO ENTRY IN SOLO MEDICAL PRACTICE IN SUBURBAN SETTINGS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roger Lee Mendoz

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND Unlike many other countries, only 19% of physicians remain independent or solo practitioners in the United States. This study seeks to determine if entry barriers to solo practice exist in physician services markets with a predominantly suburban patient base. Any entry barrier will play a critical role in a wide variety of competition and income-related issues in these markets. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study hypothesizes that substantial deterrence to entry is present in suburban settings where physician competition is typically much less than metropolitan areas. Information about their competitive position was obtained from solo primary care physicians (PCPs and specialists in southern New Jersey municipalities. Two-sample t - tests (α =0.05 ascertained whether the means differences of these two groups are statistically significant for the population from which they were sampled. Regression coefficients were computed for the magnitude of differences in barrier impact between samples. RESULTS Adapting the Orr model, E = ß0 e ß 1 (πp -π* e ß 2 Q . S ß 3 µ, to this study allowed us to estimate the overall height of entry barriers to suburban solo practice. The study finds that entry barriers tend to have moderate effects on PCPs, with the exception of legal and regulatory compliance which are just as burdensome to specialists. Risk and insurance, capital, advertising, research and development (R & D as well as market concentration are far more challenging to solo specialists mainly due to overuse of already costly tests, procedures, and medications by specialists for "defensive medicine," and heavy reliance on specialists by PCPs. Labor costs are associated with several barriers. CONCLUSION Despite their declining population, market entry (and presumably survival of solo physicians is not as straightforward of a phenomenon as conjectural and anecdotal evidence might suggest. Medical specialty offers an explanatory variable

  9. Aortic Valve Replacement With the Stentless Freedom SOLO Bioprosthesis: A Systematic Review

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wollersheim, Laurens W.; Li, Wilson W.; Bouma, Berto J.; Repossini, Alberto; van der Meulen, Jan; de Mol, Bas A.

    2015-01-01

    This systematic review examined the clinical and hemodynamic performance of the stentless Freedom SOLO (Sorin Group, Milan, Italy) aortic bioprosthesis. The occurrence of postoperative thrombocytopenia was also analyzed. The Freedom SOLO is safe to use in everyday practice, with short cross-clamp

  10. Genomic taxonomy of vibrios

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iida Tetsuya

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Vibrio taxonomy has been based on a polyphasic approach. In this study, we retrieve useful taxonomic information (i.e. data that can be used to distinguish different taxonomic levels, such as species and genera from 32 genome sequences of different vibrio species. We use a variety of tools to explore the taxonomic relationship between the sequenced genomes, including Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA, supertrees, Average Amino Acid Identity (AAI, genomic signatures, and Genome BLAST atlases. Our aim is to analyse the usefulness of these tools for species identification in vibrios. Results We have generated four new genome sequences of three Vibrio species, i.e., V. alginolyticus 40B, V. harveyi-like 1DA3, and V. mimicus strains VM573 and VM603, and present a broad analyses of these genomes along with other sequenced Vibrio species. The genome atlas and pangenome plots provide a tantalizing image of the genomic differences that occur between closely related sister species, e.g. V. cholerae and V. mimicus. The vibrio pangenome contains around 26504 genes. The V. cholerae core genome and pangenome consist of 1520 and 6923 genes, respectively. Pangenomes might allow different strains of V. cholerae to occupy different niches. MLSA and supertree analyses resulted in a similar phylogenetic picture, with a clear distinction of four groups (Vibrio core group, V. cholerae-V. mimicus, Aliivibrio spp., and Photobacterium spp.. A Vibrio species is defined as a group of strains that share > 95% DNA identity in MLSA and supertree analysis, > 96% AAI, ≤ 10 genome signature dissimilarity, and > 61% proteome identity. Strains of the same species and species of the same genus will form monophyletic groups on the basis of MLSA and supertree. Conclusion The combination of different analytical and bioinformatics tools will enable the most accurate species identification through genomic computational analysis. This endeavour will culminate in

  11. little sister: An Afro-Temporal Solo-Play.

    Science.gov (United States)

    De Berry, Misty

    2017-07-03

    little sister: An Afro-Temporal Solo-Play is at once a memory-scape and a mytho-biography set to poetry, movement, and mixed media. A performance poem spanning from the Antebellum South to present-moment Chicago, it tells the story of a nomadic spirit named little-she who shape-shifts through the memories and imaginings of her sister, the narrator. Through the characters little-she and the narrator, the solo-performance explores embodied ways to rupture and relieve the impact of macro forms of violence in the micro realm of the everyday. To this end, little sister witnesses and disrupts the legacy of violence in the lives of queer Black women through a trans-temporal navigation of everyday encounters within familial, small groups and intimate partner spaces.

  12. Novice Collaboration in Solo and Accompaniment Improvisation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Anne-Marie; Andersen, Hans Jørgen

    2012-01-01

    -accompaniment relationship. Results of interaction data and video analysis show that 1) teams related to each other through their experience with verbal conversation, 2) users searched for harmonic relations and 3) were able to establish rhythmical grounding. The paper concludes with some design guidelines for future solo...... in order to understand how future shared electronic music instruments can be de-signed to encourage non-musicians to engage in social action through music improvisation. A combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis was used to find characteristics in co-expression found in a solo......-accompaniment shared improvisation interfaces: How real time analysis of co-expression can be mapped to ad-ditional sound feedback that supports, strengthens and evolves co-expression in improvisation....

  13. DISCUSSÕES SOBRE O CONCEITO DE ESCALA E OS MAPEAMENTOS DE SOLOS NO BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joildes Brasil dos Santos

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Os primeiros levantamentos de solos do Brasil datam da década de 50 até meados dos anos 80, graças às expedições lideradas projeto RadamBrasil o que cominou na carta de solos do Brasil. Posteriormente, estudos da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE incrementaram novas informações a esse mapeamento, e mais recentemente classificaram os solos nacionais segundo o Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS, 2009, na escala de 1:5.000.000. Haja vista as dimensões continentais do Brasil, essas representações, em pequenas escalas da distribuição dos solos, engendram num problema de generalização excessiva, que não contempla a realidade local. Neste sentido, este artigo terá como objetivo discutir questões referentes à escala e suas ambíguas conceituações, no tocante a abordagem escalar na Ciência Geográfica. Relacionado a isso, perscrutar a certa dos mapeamentos de solos atuais do Brasil, e como estes, a depender da escala, se apresentam de formas distintas.

  14. COMPEREHENSIVE TECHNICAL STUDIES OF FLOOD CONTROL OVER SOLO CITY AREA (CASE STUDY IN DEMANGAN BARRAGE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ali Trusharyanto

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available City of Surakarta, known as Solo City is one of cities in Central Java Province traversed by Bengawan Solo River. Heavy rainfall in upstream area of Bengawan Solo River causes increase in high water level at downstream. Bengawan Solo River will be higher than water level in drainage system which may induce a backwater flow. Since Colonization era, the government has built dikes and barrages against backwater flow and inundation problem. One of the barrages was Demangan Barrage dividing river flow into Bengawan Solo River and Pepe River. It was equipped with total capacity pump of 12,3 m3/s. The inundation is not only caused by the backwater flow coming from Bengawan Solo River, but also surface runoff as the result of the excess rainfall which cannot be drained gravitationally to the main river if the gate was closed. Therefore, comprehensive study combining hydrology and hydraulics analysis is highly needed in order to achieve more effective flood control management. Hydrology analysis was done to estimate the direct runoff hydrograph from catchment area in Solo City to downstream of Pepe River. While in hydraulics case, hydraulic parameter in downstream of Pepe River influenced by Bengawan Solo River stream was analyzed. Both studies were simulated using software HEC-RAS 4.1.0 version. The simulation considered drainage channel, gate, pump system and dike in Pepe River downstream. Simulation using 10 years of return period in Solo City and average annual water level in Bengawan Solo River showed that Pepe River can flow through the gate, while the highest water level is still below the dike. Simulation considering 10 years of return period, water level hydrograph of Bengawan Solo River, existing pump, and gate operation inferred that Pepe River surpassed top of dike. Capacity of required pump should be more than 168,3 m3/s in order to pass 10 years of return period. By combining operational of existing pump and dike elevated up to +87,63 m

  15. Solo/Trio8, a membrane-associated short isoform of Trio, modulates endosome dynamics and neurite elongation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sun, Ying-Jie; Nishikawa, Kaori; Yuda, Hideki; Wang, Yu-Lai; Osaka, Hitoshi; Fukazawa, Nobuna; Naito, Akira; Kudo, Yoshihisa; Wada, Keiji; Aoki, Shunsuke

    2006-09-01

    With DNA microarrays, we identified a gene, termed Solo, that is downregulated in the cerebellum of Purkinje cell degeneration mutant mice. Solo is a mouse homologue of rat Trio8-one of multiple Trio isoforms recently identified in rat brain. Solo/Trio8 contains N-terminal sec14-like and spectrin-like repeat domains followed by a single guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (GEF1) domain, but it lacks the C-terminal GEF2, immunoglobulin-like, and kinase domains that are typical of Trio. Solo/Trio8 is predominantly expressed in Purkinje neurons of the mouse brain, and expression begins following birth and increases during Purkinje neuron maturation. We identified a novel C-terminal membrane-anchoring domain in Solo/Trio8 that is required for enhanced green fluorescent protein-Solo/Trio8 localization to early endosomes (positive for both early-endosome antigen 1 [EEA1] and Rab5) in COS-7 cells and primary cultured neurons. Solo/Trio8 overexpression in COS-7 cells augmented the EEA1-positive early-endosome pool, and this effect was abolished via mutation and inactivation of the GEF domain or deletion of the C-terminal membrane-anchoring domain. Moreover, primary cultured neurons transfected with Solo/Trio8 showed increased neurite elongation that was dependent on these domains. These results suggest that Solo/Trio8 acts as an early-endosome-specific upstream activator of Rho family GTPases for neurite elongation of developing Purkinje neurons.

  16. Fósforo da biomassa microbiana em solos sob diferentes sistemas de manejo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    D. S. Rheinheimer

    2000-09-01

    Full Text Available A biomassa microbiana assume papel importante na reciclagem do fósforo em solos tropicais e subtropicais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar o teor de fósforo armazenado na biomassa microbiana em solos submetidos a diferentes métodos de preparo e sucessões de culturas. Para tal, foram utilizados quatro experimentos, instalados em diferentes locais no Rio Grande do Sul a partir de 1979, envolvendo métodos de preparo do solo e sucessões de culturas. Em 1997, coletaram-se amostras de solos nos sistemas plantio direto e cultivo convencional, com várias sucessões de culturas, em três camadas de solo. O fósforo acumulado na biomassa microbiana foi determinado por fumigação-extração. O fósforo na biomassa não diferiu entre os métodos de preparo do solo no Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico típico, mas foi maior no sistema plantio direto em comparação ao cultivo convencional no Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico e Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico típico. O cultivo de diferentes plantas anuais não afetou os teores de fósforo microbiano. O fluxo anual de P através da biomassa microbiana variou de 8 a 22 mg dm-3 ano-1 e, no Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico típico, foi maior no sistema plantio direto do que no cultivo convencional.

  17. Funcionalidades ambientais de solos altomontanos na Serra da Igreja, Paraná

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maurício Bergamini Scheer

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Apesar de ainda existirem ecossistemas altomontanos no Paraná em excelente estado de conservação, iminentes ameaças antrópicas e a fragilidade desses ambientes têm sido motivos de preocupação. Este trabalho teve os seguintes objetivos: caracterizar solos de área representativa dos campos e florestas altomontanas ocorrentes na Serra da Igreja; apontar quais os possíveis fatores pedológicos que resultam nessas diferentes fitotipias; e caracterizar algumas das suas funcionalidades ambientais (estoque de C e de água. Os principais solos encontrados nos campos foram Organossolos Fólicos fíbricos/sápricos (líticos e típicos e Organossolos Háplicos fíbricos/sápricos (típicos e térricos e, nas florestas altomontanas, Gleissolos Háplicos alíticos típicos. Ambas as classes são de solos distróficos, extremamente ácidos, com alta saturação por Al trocável e altos teores de C orgânico total. A distribuição das florestas altomontanas está fortemente controlada por vales e colos de cumeeiras, os quais estão sujeitos a processos morfogenéticos que resultam em solos com horizontes minerais. Já os campos estão estabelecidos em topos, onde processos pedogenéticos promoveram espessamento de horizontes hísticos, os quais, em função de suas características intrínsecas, aliadas aos fortes ventos, parecem conter com sucesso o avanço da floresta sobre o campo. Os estoques de C por unidade de área nos solos dos campos são superiores aos dos solos das florestas altomontanas, sendo ambos considerados altos quando comparados aos dados de outros ecossistemas, sendo duas a três vezes maiores do que os encontrados em solos de ecossistemas de altitudes mais baixas na mesma latitude. Também foi constatada alta capacidade de retenção hídrica devido à porosidade total verificada nos horizontes hísticos, os quais têm o potencial de reter em média 12 vezes seu volume em água.

  18. SISTEM BISNIS WARALABA RESTORAN AYAM BAKAR WONG SOLO DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Taufiqur Rahman

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available This article tries to analyze the franchise business system of Ayam Bakar Wong Solo Restaurant through the Islamic economics perspective. The franchise business system applied by the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo is a cooperation (shirkah with the type of shirkah mudârabah, where there is a cooperation between the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo as a manager (mudârib and investors as owners of capital (sahib al-mâl. Both parties allied in the venture capital and the advantage of the alliance is divided in accordance with the agreements that have been agreed between the two. The Ayam Bakar Wong Solo offers two forms of shirkah mudârabah, namely mudârabah mutlaqah and mudârabah muqayyadah. It is found that there is a correspondence between the execution of the Ayam Bakar Wong Solo franchise and shirkah mudârabah practices in Islamic economics because the franchise system which is run has been suitably qualified and has met the rukn of shirkah mudârabah. However, there is a concept of franchis-ing which is more in line with Islamic economics, namely the principle of sharing in mudârabah and mushârakah as a substitute for a franchise concept with franchise fee and royalty fee.

  19. Economic impact of dental hygienists on solo dental practices.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lazar, Vickie F; Guay, Albert H; Beazoglou, Tryfon J

    2012-08-01

    The fact that a significant percentage of dentists employ dental hygienists raises an important question: Are dental practices that utilize a dental hygienist structurally and operationally different from practices that do not? This article explores differences among dental practices that operate with and without dental hygienists. Using data from the American Dental Association's 2003 Survey of Dental Practice, a random sample survey of U.S. dentists, descriptive statistics were used to compare selected characteristics of solo general practitioners with and without dental hygienists. Multivariate regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of dental hygienists on the gross billings and net incomes of solo general practitioners. Differences in practice characteristics--such as hours spent in the practice and hours spent treating patients, wait time for a recall visit, number of operatories, square feet of office space, net income, and gross billings--were found between solo general practitioners who had dental hygienists and those who did not. Solo general practitioners with dental hygienists had higher gross billings. Higher gross billings would be expected, as would higher expenses. However, net incomes of those with dental hygienists were also higher. In contrast, the mean waiting time for a recall visit was higher among dentists who employed dental hygienists. Depending on personal preferences, availability of qualified personnel, etc., dentists who do not employ dental hygienists but have been contemplating that path may want to further research the benefits and opportunities that may be realized.

  20. Social characteristics of a sample of solo mothers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ritchie, J

    1980-05-14

    In 1978 a sample of 158 solo mothers was interviewed by third year psychology students under the supervision of the author to obtain data both on their child rearing practices (for comparison with data obtained the year before from a sample of dual parents) and on their social circumstances. These data indicate that in the case of women who had previously been married, most aspects of their life, with the exception of finance, are now improved. Freedom from conflict and greater independence are cited as the advantages of being a solo parent; loneliness and responsibility are the major disadvantages. Parents and friends are the chief sources of support.

  1. Developing Integrated Taxonomies for a Tiered Information Architecture

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dutra, Jayne E.

    2006-01-01

    This viewgraph presentation reviews the concept of developing taxonomies for an information architecture. In order to assist people in accessing information required to access information and retrieval, including cross repository searching, a system of nested taxonomies is being developed. Another facet of this developmental project is collecting and documenting attributes about people, to allow for several uses: access management, i.e., who are you and what can you see?; targeted content delivery i.e., what content helps you get your work done?; w ork force planning i.e., what skill sets do you have that we can appl y to work?; and IT Services i.e., How can we provision you with the proper IT services?

  2. New Augmented Reality Taxonomy: Technologies and Features of Augmented Environment.

    OpenAIRE

    Hugues , Olivier; Fuchs , Philippe; Nannipieri , Olivier

    2011-01-01

    978-1-4614-0063-9; This article has a dual aim: firstly to define augmented reality (AR) en- vironments and secondly, based on our definition, a new taxonomy enabling these environments to be classified. After briefly reviewing existing classifica- tions, we define AR by its purpose, ie. to enable someone to create sensory- motor and cognitive activities in a new space combining the real environment and a virtual environment. Below we present our functional taxonomy of AR environments. We div...

  3. Dynamic taxonomies applied to a web-based relational database for geo-hydrological risk mitigation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sacco, G. M.; Nigrelli, G.; Bosio, A.; Chiarle, M.; Luino, F.

    2012-02-01

    In its 40 years of activity, the Research Institute for Geo-hydrological Protection of the Italian National Research Council has amassed a vast and varied collection of historical documentation on landslides, muddy-debris flows, and floods in northern Italy from 1600 to the present. Since 2008, the archive resources have been maintained through a relational database management system. The database is used for routine study and research purposes as well as for providing support during geo-hydrological emergencies, when data need to be quickly and accurately retrieved. Retrieval speed and accuracy are the main objectives of an implementation based on a dynamic taxonomies model. Dynamic taxonomies are a general knowledge management model for configuring complex, heterogeneous information bases that support exploratory searching. At each stage of the process, the user can explore or browse the database in a guided yet unconstrained way by selecting the alternatives suggested for further refining the search. Dynamic taxonomies have been successfully applied to such diverse and apparently unrelated domains as e-commerce and medical diagnosis. Here, we describe the application of dynamic taxonomies to our database and compare it to traditional relational database query methods. The dynamic taxonomy interface, essentially a point-and-click interface, is considerably faster and less error-prone than traditional form-based query interfaces that require the user to remember and type in the "right" search keywords. Finally, dynamic taxonomy users have confirmed that one of the principal benefits of this approach is the confidence of having considered all the relevant information. Dynamic taxonomies and relational databases work in synergy to provide fast and precise searching: one of the most important factors in timely response to emergencies.

  4. Web analytics as tool for improvement of website taxonomies

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jonasen, Tanja Svarre; Ådland, Marit Kristine; Lykke, Marianne

    The poster examines how web analytics can be used to provide information about users and inform design and redesign of taxonomies. It uses a case study of the website Cancer.dk by the Danish Cancer Society. The society is a private organization with an overall goal to prevent the development...... provides information about e.g. subjects of interest, searching behaviour, browsing patterns in website structure as well as tag clouds, page views. The poster discusses benefits and challenges of the two web metrics, with a model of how to use search and tag data for the design of taxonomies, e.g. choice...

  5. Assessing Quality of Data Standards: Framework and Illustration Using XBRL GAAP Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhu, Hongwei; Wu, Harris

    The primary purpose of data standards or metadata schemas is to improve the interoperability of data created by multiple standard users. Given the high cost of developing data standards, it is desirable to assess the quality of data standards. We develop a set of metrics and a framework for assessing data standard quality. The metrics include completeness and relevancy. Standard quality can also be indirectly measured by assessing interoperability of data instances. We evaluate the framework using data from the financial sector: the XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) taxonomy and US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings produced using the taxonomy by approximately 500 companies. The results show that the framework is useful and effective. Our analysis also reveals quality issues of the GAAP taxonomy and provides useful feedback to taxonomy users. The SEC has mandated that all publicly listed companies must submit their filings using XBRL. Our findings are timely and have practical implications that will ultimately help improve the quality of financial data.

  6. Taxonomies of Cyber Adversaries and Attacks: A Survey of Incidents and Approaches

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Meyers, C A; Powers, S S; Faissol, D M

    2009-10-08

    In this paper we construct taxonomies of cyber adversaries and methods of attack, drawing from a survey of the literature in the area of cyber crime. We begin by addressing the scope of cyber crime, noting its prevalence and effects on the US economy. We then survey the literature on cyber adversaries, presenting a taxonomy of the different types of adversaries and their corresponding methods, motivations, maliciousness, and skill levels. Subsequently we survey the literature on cyber attacks, giving a taxonomy of the different classes of attacks, subtypes, and threat descriptions. The goal of this paper is to inform future studies of cyber security on the shape and characteristics of the risk space and its associated adversaries.

  7. The Effects of Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy on Measurement and Evaluation in Education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    İrfan Yurdabakan

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study is to discuss the revision of the original version of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives under the leadership of Krathwohl and Anderson and its reflections on testing and assessment in education. Fort his purpose, international database was scanned to analyze the publications on “Bloom’s revised taxonomy and relationships between the revised taxonomy and testing and assessment”. The reasons for revision, the results that emerged following the revision and the reflections of those results on measurement and evaluation in education are described within the scope of those publications obtained

  8. Constructing a working taxonomy of functional Ada software components for real-time embedded system applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wallace, Robert

    1986-01-01

    A major impediment to a systematic attack on Ada software reusability is the lack of an effective taxonomy for software component functions. The scope of all possible applications of Ada software is considered too great to allow the practical development of a working taxonomy. Instead, for the purposes herein, the scope of Ada software application is limited to device and subsystem control in real-time embedded systems. A functional approach is taken in constructing the taxonomy tree for identified Ada domain. The use of modular software functions as a starting point fits well with the object oriented programming philosophy of Ada. Examples of the types of functions represented within the working taxonomy are real time kernels, interrupt service routines, synchronization and message passing, data conversion, digital filtering and signal conditioning, and device control. The constructed taxonomy is proposed as a framework from which a need analysis can be performed to reveal voids in current Ada real-time embedded programming efforts for Space Station.

  9. Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales: update 2018.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maes, Piet; Alkhovsky, Sergey V; Bào, Yīmíng; Beer, Martin; Birkhead, Monica; Briese, Thomas; Buchmeier, Michael J; Calisher, Charles H; Charrel, Rémi N; Choi, Il Ryong; Clegg, Christopher S; de la Torre, Juan Carlos; Delwart, Eric; DeRisi, Joseph L; Di Bello, Patrick L; Di Serio, Francesco; Digiaro, Michele; Dolja, Valerian V; Drosten, Christian; Druciarek, Tobiasz Z; Du, Jiang; Ebihara, Hideki; Elbeaino, Toufic; Gergerich, Rose C; Gillis, Amethyst N; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul J; Haenni, Anne-Lise; Hepojoki, Jussi; Hetzel, Udo; Hồ, Thiện; Hóng, Ní; Jain, Rakesh K; Jansen van Vuren, Petrus; Jin, Qi; Jonson, Miranda Gilda; Junglen, Sandra; Keller, Karen E; Kemp, Alan; Kipar, Anja; Kondov, Nikola O; Koonin, Eugene V; Kormelink, Richard; Korzyukov, Yegor; Krupovic, Mart; Lambert, Amy J; Laney, Alma G; LeBreton, Matthew; Lukashevich, Igor S; Marklewitz, Marco; Markotter, Wanda; Martelli, Giovanni P; Martin, Robert R; Mielke-Ehret, Nicole; Mühlbach, Hans-Peter; Navarro, Beatriz; Ng, Terry Fei Fan; Nunes, Márcio Roberto Teixeira; Palacios, Gustavo; Pawęska, Janusz T; Peters, Clarence J; Plyusnin, Alexander; Radoshitzky, Sheli R; Romanowski, Víctor; Salmenperä, Pertteli; Salvato, Maria S; Sanfaçon, Hélène; Sasaya, Takahide; Schmaljohn, Connie; Schneider, Bradley S; Shirako, Yukio; Siddell, Stuart; Sironen, Tarja A; Stenglein, Mark D; Storm, Nadia; Sudini, Harikishan; Tesh, Robert B; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E; Uppala, Mangala; Vapalahti, Olli; Vasilakis, Nikos; Walker, Peter J; Wáng, Guópíng; Wáng, Lìpíng; Wáng, Yànxiăng; Wèi, Tàiyún; Wiley, Michael R; Wolf, Yuri I; Wolfe, Nathan D; Wú, Zhìqiáng; Xú, Wénxìng; Yang, Li; Yāng, Zuòkūn; Yeh, Shyi-Dong; Zhāng, Yǒng-Zhèn; Zhèng, Yàzhōu; Zhou, Xueping; Zhū, Chénxī; Zirkel, Florian; Kuhn, Jens H

    2018-04-21

    In 2018, the family Arenaviridae was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 5 novel species. At the same time, the recently established order Bunyavirales was expanded by 3 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) and summarizes additional taxonomic proposals that may affect the order in the near future.

  10. Efeito de coberturas do solo sobre a sobrevivência de Macrophomina phaseolina no feijão-caupi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cheyla Magdala de Sousa Linhares

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a sobrevivência de Macrophomina phaseolina em solo submetido a diferentes coberturas, conduziu-se dois experimentos em casa de vegetação, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com cinco coberturas (Brachiaria brizantha, Pennisetum glaucum, Crotalaria spectabilis, solo coberto com filme de polietileno e solo sem cobertura e solo esterilizado e não esterilizado. No primeiro experimento, as plantas foram cultivadas em vasos e dessecadas, para posterior plantio do feijão-caupi e no segundo, a semeadura da cultura foi realizada em sucessão ao primeiro cultivo. Nos dois experimentos foram colocadas em cada vaso a 10 cm de profundidade, no dia do plantio da cultura, quatro bolsas de tecido contendo, cada uma, 10 gramas de inóculo de M. phaseolina, das quais, duas foram retiradas aos 30 dias após o plantio e duas no final do ciclo da cultura, para posterior plaqueamento e determinação da sobrevivência. Realizou-se também o monitoramento das temperaturas máximas e mínimas diárias do solo. Os tratamentos com solo coberto com material vegetal apresentaram menor elevação da temperatura em relação ao solo coberto com filme de polietileno e sem cobertura, que elevaram a temperatura em até 5,9 e 3,9 ºC, respectivamente, em relação ao solo coberto com palhada de P. glaucum. O solo coberto com filme de polietileno e sem cobertura apresentaram maiores taxas de sobrevivência de M. phaseolina e o solo coberto com palhada de P. glaucum a menor taxa. Maior sobrevivência foi observada no solo não esterilizado.

  11. Komunikasi Bisnis Lintas Budaya Sekretaris Pada Atasan (Studi Pada Alila Hotel Solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yunita Budi Rahayu Silintowe

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available There are barriers in communication occurs on secretary at Alila Hotel Solo. Some of obstacles that arise are caused by some leaders or coworkers at Alila Hotel Solo are expatriates or even people in Indonesia who have different cultural backgrounds. There is a culture that affects the way everyone in conveying the message, so that there is a difference in perception between secretary and boss or other colleagues. In this study will be seen from two different viewpoints culture is low context and high context culture. This type of research is qualitative. Data collection techniques is using observation and interview methods to collect the data needed to accurately. The result show that low context and high context culture culture in cross-cultural business communication is not applied exclusively in the process of business communication at Alila Hotel Solo. Hambatan-hambatan dalam berkomunikasi terjadi pada sekretaris di Alila Hotel Solo. Beberapa hambatan yang muncul disebabkan oleh beberapa pimpinan atau rekan kerja di Alila Hotel Solo adalah expatriate atau bahkan orang Indonesia yang memiliki latar belakang budaya berbeda. Budaya mempengaruhi cara setiap orang dalam menyampaikan pesan, sehingga terdapat perbedaan persepsi antara sekretaris dengan atasan atau rekan kerja yang lain. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilihat dari dua sudut pandang yang berbeda yaitu low context culture dan high context culture. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data adalah dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan metode wawancara untuk mengumpulkan data-data yang diperlukan secara akurat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa low context culture dan high context culture dalam komunikasi bisnis lintas budaya tidak diterapkan secara eksklusif dalam proses komunikasi bisnis di Alila Hotel Solo.

  12. Sobrevivência de Bradyrhizobium e Azorhizobium em misturas de solo contaminadas com metais pesados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Matsuda

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available Estudos foram realizados no Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Lavras (MG, no período de novembro/1999 a janeiro/2000, com o objetivo de avaliar a sobrevivência de estirpe e isolados de rizóbio em solo contaminado com metais pesados e verificar a relação entre tolerância do rizóbio a metais pesados em meio de cultura e sua sobrevivência em solo contaminado. Foram utilizados os dois microrganismos mais tolerantes [BR-4406 (estirpe recomendada para Enterolobium spp. e UFLA-01-457 (isolado de solo contaminado, ambos pertencentes ao gênero Bradyrhizobium ] e os dois mais sensíveis (UFLA-01-486 e UFLA-01-510, isolados de solo contaminado, pertencentes ao gênero Azorhizobium , todos selecionados de um grupo de 60estirpes/isolados em estudos prévios deste laboratório, em meio de cultura suplementado com metais pesados.Empregaram-se misturas de um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro (LE que continham 0, 15 e 45% (v/v de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo plíntico contaminado com Zn, Cd, Pb e Cu. As misturas de solo contaminado foram inoculadas com 20mL de cultura em YM na fase log das estirpes mencionadas, as quais foram testadas separadamente com três repetições. A avaliação do número de células viáveis no solo, realizada aos 0, 7, 14, 21 e 28dias de incubação, pelo método das diluições sucessivas e inoculação em placas com meio YMA, revelou comportamento diferenciado entre os organismos estudados. O número médio de células que sobreviveram ao final de 28 dias de incubação foi de (em UFCg-1de solo: 10(10,36, 10(10,29 e 10(9,70, para Bradyrhizobium, e 10(9,36, 10(7,54 e 0, para Azorhizobium em misturas de 0, 15 e 45% de solo contaminado, respectivamente. Portanto, houve maior sobrevivência de Bradyrhizobium do que de Azorhizobium , indicando maior tolerância a metais pesados do primeiro gênero.Como Bradyrhizobium foi também mais tolerante "in vitro", os resultados indicam haver relação entre o

  13. Análise dos componentes principais e métodos multicritério ordinais no estudo de organossolos e solos afins Principal component analysis and ordinal multicriteria methods to study organosols and related soils

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Souza Valladares

    2008-02-01

    SBCS (Brazilian Soil Science Society; the analytical methods proposed by EMBRAPA-Solos were used to characterize the soils. The principal component analysis was used to cluster the profiles based on morphological, physical, chemical and environmental attributes and proved adequate to group the soils under study based on the profile attributes and the grouping was well related to their taxonomy. The soil profiles were ranked by the ordinal multicriteria methods of Border, Condorcet and Copeland based on the subsidence risk. Results indicated a correlation between the methods (with exception of the Condorcet approach, unsuitable to rank the alternatives and the minimum residue, which is the classical parameter for the evaluation of subsidence, indicating efficacy to rank/classify the soil profiles in relation to subsidence risk. The quantitative approaches used are promising as evaluation tools in soil science studies.

  14. Development of new taxonomy of inappropriate communication and its application to operating teams in nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Ar Ryum; Lee, Seung Woo; Jang, In Seok; Kang, Hyun Gook; Seong, Poong Hyun; Park, Jin Kyun

    2012-01-01

    Inappropriate communications can cause a lack of necessary information exchange between operators and lead to serious consequences in large process systems such as nuclear power plants (NPPs). In this regard, various kinds of taxonomies of inappropriate communications have been developed to prevent inappropriate communications. However, there seems to be difficult to identify inappropriate communications from verbal protocol data between operators. Because the existing taxonomies were developed for use in report analysis, there is a problem of 'uncertainty'. In consequence, this paper proposes a new taxonomy of inappropriate communications and provides some insights to prevent inappropriate communications. In order to develop the taxonomy, existing taxonomies for four industries from 1980 to 2010 were collected and a new taxonomy is developed based on the simplified one-way communication model. In addition, the ratio of inappropriate communications from 8 samples of audio-visual format verbal protocol data recorded during emergency training sessions by operating teams is compared with performance scores calculated based on the task analysis. As a result, inappropriate communications can be easily identified from the verbal protocol data using the suggested taxonomy, and teams with a higher ratio of inappropriate communications tend to have a lower performance score.

  15. Development of new taxonomy of inappropriate communication and its application to operating teams in nuclear power plants

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, Ar Ryum; Lee, Seung Woo; Jang, In Seok; Kang, Hyun Gook; Seong, Poong Hyun [Dept. of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Park, Jin Kyun [Integrated Safety Assessment Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

    2012-12-15

    Inappropriate communications can cause a lack of necessary information exchange between operators and lead to serious consequences in large process systems such as nuclear power plants (NPPs). In this regard, various kinds of taxonomies of inappropriate communications have been developed to prevent inappropriate communications. However, there seems to be difficult to identify inappropriate communications from verbal protocol data between operators. Because the existing taxonomies were developed for use in report analysis, there is a problem of 'uncertainty'. In consequence, this paper proposes a new taxonomy of inappropriate communications and provides some insights to prevent inappropriate communications. In order to develop the taxonomy, existing taxonomies for four industries from 1980 to 2010 were collected and a new taxonomy is developed based on the simplified one-way communication model. In addition, the ratio of inappropriate communications from 8 samples of audio-visual format verbal protocol data recorded during emergency training sessions by operating teams is compared with performance scores calculated based on the task analysis. As a result, inappropriate communications can be easily identified from the verbal protocol data using the suggested taxonomy, and teams with a higher ratio of inappropriate communications tend to have a lower performance score.

  16. PEMBUATAN GAME EDUKASI PETUALANGAN SI GEMUL SEBAGAI PEMBELAJARAN PENGENALAN DAERAH SOLO RAYA PADA ANAK

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fendi Aji Purnomo

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Perkembangan administrasi setelah Orde Baru pemerintah telah menghapus tingkat Karesidenan di Indonesia termasuk Karesidenan Surakarta. Akibatnya nama Karesidenan Surakarta berubah menjadi Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta atau Wilayah Solo Raya. Wilayah Solo Raya terdiri dari tujuh Kabupaten tiga di antaranya berbatasan langsung dengan kota Solo yaitu Boyolali, Sukoharjo dan Karanganyar. Tiga yang lain tidak berbatasan langsung yaitu Wonogiri, Sragen dan Klaten. Masing-masing daerah memiliki slogan, tempat wisata dan makanan khas yang berbeda, namun masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang mengenalnya. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan anak-anak usia sekolah dasar belum mengetahui daerah-daerah mana saja yang masuk dalam daerah Solo Raya. Saat ini teknologi semakin berkembang secara pesat dan penggunaan gadget dapat difungsikan sebagai media edukasi. Dalam penelitian ini telah dikembangkan Game Edukasi berjudul Petualangan Gembul untuk mengenal daerah di Solo Raya Berbasis Android. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengembagan game ini adalah Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC Water Fall dimulai dari analisis, perancangan, pembuatan, pengujian dan pemeliharaan. Model permainan yang disajikan level pertama berupa adventure yang dilengkapi latar belakang daerah khas masing-masing, level kedua berupa kuis tanya jawab dan level ketiga berupa game puzzel yang berisi foto khas daerah untuk ditata ulang. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian perangkat terhadap 3 perangkat android yang berbeda spesifikasinya dan pengujian hasil pembuatan game melalui kuisioner dalam aspek penyampaian informasi dan desain visual game. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa 75% game tersebut memudahkan dalam mengenal daerah Solo Raya dan 79% menyebutkan bahwa tampilan game tersebut menarik. Kata kunci: game, android, anak, solo raya.

  17. Eletroquímica de solos modais e de sua matéria orgânica em ambientes tropicais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marihus Altoé Baldotto

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available A química do solo vem estudando o comportamento da fração mineral dos solos tropicais intemperizados, incluindo a eletroquímica, o desenvolvimento de cargas e o fenômeno de adsorção. Por causa do amplo espectro a ser coberto no entendimento do comportamento da fração mineral, somado às dificuldades metodológicas, o estudo da complexa fração orgânica dos solos foi relativamente menos desenvolvido. A atual proposta revisita os primeiros trabalhos referentes à química de solos tropicais, buscando relacioná-los com dados de eletroquímica dos estoques de carbono do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar aspectos de eletroquímica de solos, determinar e relacionar os pontos de carga zero, por diferentes métodos, os potenciais da dupla camada elétricae a eletroquímica do húmus de solos modais brasileiros, em uma sequência típica de intemperismo, visando a gerar informações para o seu manejo e conservação. Os métodos de estimativa dos ponto de carga zero dos solos apresentam resultados variados, mas com a mesma tendência entre os solos. Há predomínio de cargas negativas em ambas as camadas dos solos estudados. As cargas negativas dos coloides estão diretamente associadas à disponibilidade de elétrons do húmus e ambas diminuem com o estádio de intemperismo do solo.

  18. Mudanças na estrutura do solo avaliada com uso de tomografia computadorizada.

    OpenAIRE

    PIRES, L. F.; BACCHI, O. O. S.

    2010-01-01

    O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, em escala milimétrica, a modificação da densidade e da porosidade de amostras deformadas de solo submetidas a ciclos de umedecimento e secamento (U-S), por meio da tomografia computadorizada de raios gama. Amostras com 98,1 cm³ foram preparadas procedendo ao peneiramento do solo em malha de 2 mm e acondicionamento de forma homogênea em tubos de PVC. As amostras de solo foram submetidas a um, dois e três ciclos de U-S. As amostras controle não foram subme...

  19. DRENAGEM SUPERFICIAL DE SOLOS ARGILOSOS DO NORTE DO PARANÁ

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    Rogério Teixeira de Faria

    1999-08-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Foi avaliado o desempenho de práticas de drenagem superficial e cobertura morta em uma área de várzea do norte do Paraná. Antes e após o cultivo do arroz, foram comparadas as taxas de drenagem em tratamentos com e sem drenos torpedo e determinadas a vazão e a obstrução dos condutos. Sob o cultivo do feijoeiro, foram avaliados os efeitos dos drenos torpedo e de "camas" na drenagem e de cobertura morta (palha de arroz na retenção de água do solo. Os resultados indicaram que os drenos torpedo foram mais eficientes se construídos com solo menos úmido, porém sua longevidade foi menor que um ano. Sob o feijoeiro, os drenos torpedo e cobertura morta mantiveram o lençol freático mais profundo e o solo com menor tensão de umidade, mas esses efeitos ocorreram abaixo da zona radicular (15 cm, resultando em baixa produtividade.

  20. Vulnerabilidade Natural do Solo de Silveira Martins-RS

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    Franciele Francisca Marmentini Rovani

    Full Text Available A análise ambiental, com base nos processos de morfogênese e pedogênese, possibilita informações importantes para a elaboração de políticas públicas visando o uso e ocupação da paisagem de maneira sustentável. Com isso, objetivou-se identificar os diferentes níveis de vulnerabilidade natural à perda de solo do município de Silveira Martins, RS. Foi elaborado um banco de dados espaciais em um ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG com auxílio do software Spring. O zoneamento da vulnerabilidade natural à perda de solo foi elaborado com base nas informações referentes à declividade, geomorfologia, geologia e solos de acordo com o grau de vulnerabilidade de cada informação, por meio da álgebra de mapas. Para o território municipal de Silveira Martins identificou-se a ocorrência de cinco classes. Destacam-se as unidades estáveis com predomínio dos processos formadores do solo (38,08% da área municipal, e as unidades moderadamente vulneráveis, prevalecendo os processos erosivos (53,67%. As áreas classificadas como moderadamente vulnerável e vulnerável (8,25%, correspondem a áreas com inclinações superiores a 25º e com formação geológica e geomorfológica menos estáveis. Nas unidades em que predominou a vulnerabilidade natural, sugere-se especial atenção em relação ao meio natural e aos agentes que o influenciam, visando boas práticas sociais associadas às políticas ambientais no processo de tomada de decisões econômicas, possibilitando a valorização e proteção do meio natural.

  1. Meia-vida do diuron em solos com diferentes atributos físicos e químicos

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    Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available A distribuição e a dissipação dos herbicidas nos solos são processos dinâmicos e únicos para cada relação solo-herbicida. Neste trabalho, a meia-vida do diuron foi determinada em cinco solos (Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo, Latossolo Vermelho e Latossolo Amarelo, com diferentes valores de pH. As concentrações do diuron foram determinadas em amostras dos referidos solos coletadas em oito épocas (1, 8, 15, 22, 36, 66, 96 e 156 dias após a aplicação do herbicida na dose 3,0kg ha-1. Em uma parte dessas amostras, foi feita a quantificação do diuron por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e, na outra parte, os testes biológicos, visando à confirmação dos resultados das análises cromatográficas. Constatou-se que a persistência do diuron é dependente dos atributos físicos e químicos dos solos. Todavia, a correção do pH do solo favoreceu apenas a degradação do herbicida em solos arenosos com baixo teor de matéria orgânica. A meia-vida do diuron nos solos estudados variou de 40 a 91 após a sua aplicação, sendo maior no solo com maior teor de matéria orgânica. Esses resultados foram confirmados pelos testes biológicos que se mostraram eficientes e complementares às análises cromatográficas.

  2. A Faceted Taxonomy for Rating Student Bibliographies in an Online Information Literacy Game

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leeder, Chris; Markey, Karen; Yakel, Elizabeth

    2012-01-01

    This study measured the quality of student bibliographies through creation of a faceted taxonomy flexible and fine-grained enough to encompass the variety of online sources cited by today's students. The taxonomy was developed via interviews with faculty, iterative refinement of categories and scoring, and testing on example student…

  3. "Telling a Story." On the Dramaturgy of Monophonic Jazz Solos

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    Klaus Frieler

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available The metaphor of storytelling is widespread among jazz performers and jazz researchers. However, little is known about the precise meaning of this metaphor on an analytical level. The present paper attempts to shed light on the connected semantic field of the metaphor and relate it to its musical basis by investigating time courses of selected musical elements and features in monophonic jazz improvisations. Three explorative studies are carried out using transcriptions of 299 monophonic jazz solos from the Weimar Jazz Database. The first study inspects overall trends using fits of quadratic polynomials onto loudness and pitch curves. The second study does the same using selected features related to intensity, tension and variability over the course of phrases in the solos. The third study examines the distribution of the relative positions of various improvisational ideas in a subset of 116 solos. Results show that certain trends can be found, but not to a large extent. Significant trends most often display arch-shaped curves as expected from classical dramatic models. This is also in accordance with the fact that expressive improvisational ideas are more often found in the last part of a solo, while more relaxed ideas occur earlier. All in all, jazz improvisations show a wide range of variation and no single overarching dramatic model could be identified.

  4. Mathematics Teachers’ Interpretation of Higher-Order Thinking in Bloom’s Taxonomy

    OpenAIRE

    Tony Thompson

    2008-01-01

    This study investigated mathematics teachers’ interpretation of higher-order thinking in Bloom’s Taxonomy. Thirty-two high school mathematics teachers from the southeast U.S. were asked to (a) define lower- and higher-order thinking, (b) identify which thinking skills in Bloom’s Taxonomy represented lower- and higher-order thinking, and (c) create an Algebra I final exam item representative of each thinking skill. Results indicate that mathematics teachers have difficulty interpreting the thi...

  5. Partição de substâncias húmicas em solos brasileiros

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    Lauana Lopes dos Santos

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available As substâncias húmicas (SH representam o principal reservatório de carbono orgânico total do solo (COT e sua partição entre diferentes frações de solubilidade em meio alcalino ou ácido pode guardar relação com o tipo de solo e manejo adotado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a partição das SHs, de acordo com profundidade, tipo de solo, bioma e uso do solo no Brasil. Revisou-se a literatura, incluindo teses, dissertações, artigos e resumos em anais de eventos, em busca de dados sobre o teor de COT, sua porcentagem como ácidos húmicos (AH, ácidos fúlvicos (AF e humina (HU e a razão AH/AF. Os dados foram estratificados por intervalos comparáveis de profundidades (0-5, 5-10, 0-20, 20-50, 50-100 e >100 cm, biomas (Mata Atlântica, Cerrado, Amazônia, Pampa e Caatinga, ordem de solo (Argissolo, Latossolo, Cambissolo, Planossolo, Neossolo, Gleissolo e Organossolo e principais usos do solo (florestas nativas, pastagem natural, pastagem plantada, eucalipto, culturas perenes e anuais. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, correlações de Spearman e análise de componentes principais (ACP. Nos Argissolos, Latossolos e Organossolos, a fração HU contribuiu com metade do COT, tendendo a diminuir em profundidade. Para Latossolos e Organossolos, a fração AF tendeu a aumentar em profundidade. Em Neossolos, a fração AH aumentou em profundidade, embora tenha diminuído em Gleissolos e Planossolos. A razão AH/AF geralmente diminui em profundidade. Pela ACP, não foi possível identificar um padrão de agrupamento das amostras em razão do tipo de bioma e uso do solo, sugerindo que a partição das SHs tem baixo potencial como indicador de efeitos do manejo ou condições ambientais, embora seja útil para discriminar processos de humificação em algumas ordens de solo.

  6. A Diagnostic Taxonomy of Adult Career Problems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Robert E.; Cellini, James V.

    1981-01-01

    Developed a taxonomy for the differential diagnosis of adult career development problems. Problem categories identified were: (1) problems in career decision making; (2) problems in implementing career plans; (3) problems in organizational/institutional performance; and (4) problems in organizational/institutional adaption. (Author)

  7. A Taxonomy of Human-Agent Team Collaborations

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Neef, R.M.

    2006-01-01

    Future command teams will be heavily supported by artificial actors. This paper introduces a taxonomy of collaboration types in human – agent teams. Using two classifying dimensions, coordination type and collaboration type, eight different classes of human – agent collaborations transpire. These

  8. Characteristics of females who sexually offend: a comparison of solo and co-offenders.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gillespie, Steven M; Williams, Rebecca; Elliott, Ian A; Eldridge, Hilary J; Ashfield, Sherry; Beech, Anthony R

    2015-06-01

    Although recent typologies of female sexual offenders have recognized the importance of having a co-offender, the clinical characteristics of solo and co-female sexual offenders remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare solo (n = 20) and co- (n = 20) female sexual offenders on a variety of clinical characteristics. It was found that although solo and co-offenders reported similar developmental experiences and psychological dispositions, differences were found in environmental niche, offense preceding, and positive factors. Specifically, solo offenders demonstrated a greater presence of personal vulnerabilities including mental health and substance abuse difficulties. Co-offenders reported a greater presence of environmentally based factors, including a current partner who was a known sex offender and involvement with antisocial peers. It is suggested that these results have implications for understanding assessment and intervention needs for these groups of sexual offenders. © The Author(s) 2014.

  9. VELOCIDADE AUTOSSELECIONADA E IDEAL DA CAMINHADA DE AMPUTADOS TRANSFEMORAIS: SOLO E ESTEIRA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Luísa Bona

    Full Text Available RESUMO Introdução: A velocidade de progressão é, em geral, determinada em pesquisas na área da locomoção. Objetivo: Comparar as medidas de velocidade autosselecionada no solo, na esteira rolante e a velocidade ideal estimada pelo número de Froude em sujeitos amputados transfemorais. Método: Primeiramente foi determinada a velocidade no solo; em seguida, realizou-se o teste na esteira, e a velocidade ideal foi estimada a partir dos dados antropométricos. Todos os sujeitos utilizavam joelho hidráulico e pé em fibra de carbono. Para comparação entre as velocidades foi realizada ANOVA de duas vias. Resultados: A velocidade autosselecionada na esteira foi menor (22% do que no solo. Tanto a velocidade autosselecionada na esteira como a do solo foram 44% e 22% menores do que a velocidade ideal estimada, respectivamente. Conclusão: As velocidades analisadas no presente estudo foram diferentes, provavelmente, devido à variação dos parâmetros cinemáticos.

  10. Perehdytysopas Solo Sokos Hotel Tornin vastaanottoon uudelle työntekijälle

    OpenAIRE

    Plester, Sira

    2013-01-01

    Tämä opinnäytetyö on viitekehys perehdytysoppaalle Solo Sokos Hotel Tornin vastaanottoon. Perehdytysopas ohjeistaa vastaanoton uusia työntekijöitä työtehtävissä sekä tarjoaa tietoa jokapäiväisestä työssä Solo Sokos Hotel Tornin vastaanotossa ja sen ympäristössä. Tässä opinnäytetyössä pohditaan minkälainen hyvän perehdytysoppaan tulisi olla. Opinnäytetyössä pohditaan myös mitä tietoja perehdytysoppaaseen Solo Sokos Hotel Tornin vastaanottoon tarvitsee. Opinnäytetyössä käydään lisäksi l...

  11. Atributos físicos do solo em sistemas de manejo de solo e de rotação de culturas Soil tillage and crop rotation systems on the soil physical attributes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvio Tulio Spera

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available A compreensão e a quantificação do impacto do uso e manejo do solo na qualidade física são fundamentais no desenvolvimento de sistemas agrícolas sustentáveis. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de sistemas de manejo de solo e de rotação de culturas sobre alguns atributos físicos de solo em um experimento instalado em 1985, em Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico típico argiloso, em Passo Fundo (RS, estudou-se a variação desses atributos entre 2001 e 2005. Os tratamentos consistiram de quatro modos de manejo de solo: 1 plantio direto (PD; 2 cultivo mínimo (CM; 3 preparo convencional de solo com arado e grade de discos (PCD e 4 preparo convencional de solo com arado de aivecas e grade de discos (PCA, e três sistemas de rotação de culturas: I (trigo/soja, II (trigo/soja e ervilhaca/milho ou sorgo e III (trigo/soja, aveia branca/soja e ervilhaca/milho ou sorgo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e três repetições. A parcela foi constituída pelos sistemas de manejo de solo, e as subparcelas, pelos sistemas de rotação de culturas. Amostras de solo também foram coletadas em um fragmento de floresta subtropical adjacente ao experimento, como testemunha da condição original do solo. Os sistemas de manejo e de rotação de culturas influenciaram os atributos físicos do solo quando comparados entre si e com a condição sob floresta subtropical. Em quatro anos (2001 a 2005 ocorreram alterações significativas nos atributos físicos dos solos entre os distintos tipos de manejo. No sistema PD houve maior densidade de solo e microporosidade em comparação aos demais, principalmente na camada subsuperficial, e os sistemas de rotação de plantas não afetaram positivamente os atributos físicos de solo independentemente do tipo de manejo.Evaluation and quantification of soil use impact on its physical quality are important to achieve sustainable cropping systems. Soil physical

  12. A review of the taxonomy of chondrichthyan fishes: a modern perspective.

    Science.gov (United States)

    White, W T; Last, P R

    2012-04-01

    Taxonomic clarity is a fundamental requirement as it forms the foundation of all other life sciences. In the last decade, chondrichthyan taxonomy has undergone a scientific renaissance with >180 new species formally described. This effort encompasses c. 15% of the global chondrichthyan fauna, which consists of 1185 currently recognized species. The important role of chondrichthyan taxonomy for conservation management has been highlighted in recent years with new species descriptions or taxonomic resolution of a number of threatened species. These include Australian gulper (genus Centrophorus) and speartooth sharks (genus Glyphis) in coastal waters of Australia and Borneo. Closer examination of other wide-ranging species, for which the taxonomy was thought to be stable, has shown that they consist of species complexes, e.g. manta rays (Manta spp.) and spotted eagle rays (the Aetobatus narinari complex), and highlights the need for critical re-examination of other wide-ranging species. Molecular methods have provided another useful tool to taxonomists and they have proven to assist greatly with identifying cryptic species and species complexes. The limitations of particular molecular methods being used need, however, to be carefully considered and there are some concerns about how these are being integrated with classical taxonomy. The fundamental importance of taxonomic nomenclature to life sciences is often poorly understood but striving for nomenclatural stability is a critical component of taxonomy. Similarly, biological collections are an extremely vital asset to both taxonomists and the broader scientific community. These collections are becoming increasingly important due in part to molecular species identification initiatives such as the Barcode of Life which has resulted in a large number of voucher specimens linked to tissue samples being deposited. Biological collections are also proving to be imperative in biodiversity studies as they contain a 'gold mine

  13. A taxonomy of dignity: a grounded theory study

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    Jacobson Nora

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background This paper has its origins in Jonathan Mann's insight that the experience of dignity may explain the reciprocal relationships between health and human rights. It follows his call for a taxonomy of dignity: "a coherent vocabulary and framework to characterize dignity." Methods Grounded theory procedures were use to analyze literature pertaining to dignity and to conduct and analyze 64 semi-structured interviews with persons marginalized by their health or social status, individuals who provide health or social services to these populations, and people working in the field of health and human rights. Results The taxonomy presented identifies two main forms of dignity–human dignity and social dignity–and describes several elements of these forms, including the social processes that violate or promote them, the conditions under which such violations and promotions occur, the objects of violation and promotion, and the consequences of dignity violation. Together, these forms and elements point to a theory of dignity as a quality of individuals and collectives that is constituted through interaction and interpretation and structured by conditions pertaining to actors, relationships, settings, and the broader social order. Conclusion The taxonomy has several implications for work in health and human rights. It suggests a map to possible points of intervention and provides a language in which to talk about dignity.

  14. Profundidade e atributos físicos do solo e seus impactos nas raízes de bananeiras

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    Alan Antônio Miotti

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A bananeira pode ter sua produção prejudicada se cultivada em solos com restrições físicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os atributos físicos de solos rasos comprometem as raízes das plantas de bananeira. O estudo foi realizado na Chapada do Apodi (CE, onde foram comparados solos com duas profundidades efetivas: raso (profundidade aproximada de 0,57 m, mais arenoso e profundo (profundidade aproximada de 1,16 m, mais argiloso e seis profundidades de coleta de solo e de raízes (0-10;10-20;20-30; 30-40; 40-50 e 50-60 cm. Nas amostras de solo, foram determinados os seguintes atributos físicos: curva de retenção de água, densidade do solo, porosidade, granulometria e densidade de partículas. A resistência do solo à penetração (RP foi avaliada no campo, utilizando-se de penetrômetro de impacto, com cinco repetições até 60 cm de profundidade. Para o estudo de raízes, as amostras foram coletadas com sonda e, por meio da análise de imagens de raízes lavadas, foram determinados: comprimento, área e volume total, e classes de diâmetro. O solo mais profundo e argiloso apresentou maior microporosidade e porosidade total, o que contribuiu para maior retenção de água. Valores de densidade do solo e de partículas foram maiores em duas camadas do solo raso, bem como a RP que atingiu o valor de 5,1 MPa. O desenvolvimento das raízes das bananeiras foi favorecido no solo profundo, no qual foram encontradas raízes mais espessas (2,2 a 6,6 mm e mais finas (0,68 a 0,79 mm, contribuindo com a sustentação das plantas e com a absorção de água e nutrientes.

  15. Overview of the taxonomy of zooxanthellate Scleractinia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Veron, John

    2013-11-01

    Coral taxonomy has entered a historical phase where nomenclatorial uncertainty is rapidly increasing. The fundamental cause is mandatory adherence to historical monographs that lack essential information of all sorts, and also to type specimens, if they exist at all, that are commonly unrecognizable fragments or are uncharacteristic of the species they are believed to represent. Historical problems, including incorrect subsequent type species designations, also create uncertainty for many well-established genera. The advent of in situ studies in the 1970s revealed these issues; now molecular technology is again changing the taxonomic landscape. The competing methodologies involved must be seen in context if they are to avoid becoming an additional basis for continuing nomenclatorial instability. To prevent this happening, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) will need to focus on rules that consolidate well-established nomenclature and allow for the designation of new type specimens that are unambiguous, and which include both skeletal material and soft tissue for molecular study. Taxonomic and biogeographic findings have now become linked, with molecular methodologies providing the capacity to re-visit past taxonomic decisions, and to extend both taxonomy and biogeography into the realm of evolutionary theory. It is proposed that most species will ultimately be seen as operational taxonomic units that are human rather than natural constructs, which in consequence will always have fuzzy morphological, genetic, and distribution boundaries. The pathway ahead calls for the integration of morphological and molecular taxonomies, and for website delivery of information that crosses current discipline boundaries.

  16. A bioinformatic survey of distribution, conservation, and probable functions of LuxR solo regulators in bacteria

    Science.gov (United States)

    Subramoni, Sujatha; Florez Salcedo, Diana Vanessa; Suarez-Moreno, Zulma R.

    2015-01-01

    LuxR solo transcriptional regulators contain both an autoinducer binding domain (ABD; N-terminal) and a DNA binding Helix-Turn-Helix domain (HTH; C-terminal), but are not associated with a cognate N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) synthase coding gene in the same genome. Although a few LuxR solos have been characterized, their distributions as well as their role in bacterial signal perception and other processes are poorly understood. In this study we have carried out a systematic survey of distribution of all ABD containing LuxR transcriptional regulators (QS domain LuxRs) available in the InterPro database (IPR005143), and identified those lacking a cognate AHL synthase. These LuxR solos were then analyzed regarding their taxonomical distribution, predicted functions of neighboring genes and the presence of complete AHL-QS systems in the genomes that carry them. Our analyses reveal the presence of one or multiple predicted LuxR solos in many proteobacterial genomes carrying QS domain LuxRs, some of them harboring genes for one or more AHL-QS circuits. The presence of LuxR solos in bacteria occupying diverse environments suggests potential ecological functions for these proteins beyond AHL and interkingdom signaling. Based on gene context and the conservation levels of invariant amino acids of ABD, we have classified LuxR solos into functionally meaningful groups or putative orthologs. Surprisingly, putative LuxR solos were also found in a few non-proteobacterial genomes which are not known to carry AHL-QS systems. Multiple predicted LuxR solos in the same genome appeared to have different levels of conservation of invariant amino acid residues of ABD questioning their binding to AHLs. In summary, this study provides a detailed overview of distribution of LuxR solos and their probable roles in bacteria with genome sequence information. PMID:25759807

  17. A bioinformatic survey of distribution, conservation, and probable functions of LuxR solo regulators in bacteria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Subramoni, Sujatha; Florez Salcedo, Diana Vanessa; Suarez-Moreno, Zulma R

    2015-01-01

    LuxR solo transcriptional regulators contain both an autoinducer binding domain (ABD; N-terminal) and a DNA binding Helix-Turn-Helix domain (HTH; C-terminal), but are not associated with a cognate N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) synthase coding gene in the same genome. Although a few LuxR solos have been characterized, their distributions as well as their role in bacterial signal perception and other processes are poorly understood. In this study we have carried out a systematic survey of distribution of all ABD containing LuxR transcriptional regulators (QS domain LuxRs) available in the InterPro database (IPR005143), and identified those lacking a cognate AHL synthase. These LuxR solos were then analyzed regarding their taxonomical distribution, predicted functions of neighboring genes and the presence of complete AHL-QS systems in the genomes that carry them. Our analyses reveal the presence of one or multiple predicted LuxR solos in many proteobacterial genomes carrying QS domain LuxRs, some of them harboring genes for one or more AHL-QS circuits. The presence of LuxR solos in bacteria occupying diverse environments suggests potential ecological functions for these proteins beyond AHL and interkingdom signaling. Based on gene context and the conservation levels of invariant amino acids of ABD, we have classified LuxR solos into functionally meaningful groups or putative orthologs. Surprisingly, putative LuxR solos were also found in a few non-proteobacterial genomes which are not known to carry AHL-QS systems. Multiple predicted LuxR solos in the same genome appeared to have different levels of conservation of invariant amino acid residues of ABD questioning their binding to AHLs. In summary, this study provides a detailed overview of distribution of LuxR solos and their probable roles in bacteria with genome sequence information.

  18. A bioinformatic survey of distribution, conservation and probable functions of LuxR solo regulators in bacteria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sujatha eSubramoni

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available LuxR solo transcriptional regulators contain both an autoinducer binding domain (ABD; N-terminal and a DNA binding Helix-Turn-Helix domain (HTH; C-terminal, but are not associated with a cognate N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL synthase coding gene in the same genome. Although a few LuxR solos have been characterized, their distributions as well as their role in bacterial signal perception and other processes are poorly understood. In this study we have carried out a systematic survey of distribution of all ABD containing LuxR transcriptional regulators (QS domain LuxRs available in the InterPro database (IPR005143, and identified those lacking a cognate AHL synthase. These LuxR solos were then analyzed regarding their taxonomical distribution, predicted functions of neighboring genes and the presence of complete AHL-QS systems in the genomes that carry them. Our analyses reveal the presence of one or multiple predicted LuxR solos in many proteobacterial genomes carrying QS domain LuxRs, some of them harboring genes for one or more AHL-QS circuits. The presence of LuxR solos in bacteria occupying diverse environments suggests potential ecological functions for these proteins beyond AHL and interkingdom signaling. Based on gene context and the conservation levels of invariant amino acids of ABD, we have classified LuxR solos into functionally meaningful groups or putative orthologs. Surprisingly, putative LuxR solos were also found in a few non-proteobacterial genomes which are not known to carry AHL-QS systems. Multiple predicted LuxR solos in the same genome appeared to have different levels of conservation of invariant amino acid residues of ABD questioning their binding to AHLs. In summary, this study provides a detailed overview of distribution of LuxR solos and their probable roles in bacteria with genome sequence information.

  19. SOLO: a meiotic protein required for centromere cohesion, coorientation, and SMC1 localization in Drosophila melanogaster.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yan, Rihui; Thomas, Sharon E; Tsai, Jui-He; Yamada, Yukihiro; McKee, Bruce D

    2010-02-08

    Sister chromatid cohesion is essential to maintain stable connections between homologues and sister chromatids during meiosis and to establish correct centromere orientation patterns on the meiosis I and II spindles. However, the meiotic cohesion apparatus in Drosophila melanogaster remains largely uncharacterized. We describe a novel protein, sisters on the loose (SOLO), which is essential for meiotic cohesion in Drosophila. In solo mutants, sister centromeres separate before prometaphase I, disrupting meiosis I centromere orientation and causing nondisjunction of both homologous and sister chromatids. Centromeric foci of the cohesin protein SMC1 are absent in solo mutants at all meiotic stages. SOLO and SMC1 colocalize to meiotic centromeres from early prophase I until anaphase II in wild-type males, but both proteins disappear prematurely at anaphase I in mutants for mei-S332, which encodes the Drosophila homologue of the cohesin protector protein shugoshin. The solo mutant phenotypes and the localization patterns of SOLO and SMC1 indicate that they function together to maintain sister chromatid cohesion in Drosophila meiosis.

  20. Generalized metamaterials: Definitions and taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Noori; Yoon, Yong-Jin; Allen, Jont B

    2016-06-01

    This article reviews the development of metamaterials (MM), starting from Newton's discovery of the wave equation, and ends with a discussion of the need for a technical taxonomy (classification) of these materials, along with a better defined definition of metamaterials. It is intended to be a technical definition of metamaterials, based on a historical perspective. The evolution of MMs began with the discovery of the wave equation, traceable back to Newton's calculation of the speed of sound. The theory of sound evolved to include quasi-statics (Helmholtz) and the circuit equations of Kirchhoff's circuit laws, leading to the ultimate development of Maxwell's equations and the equation for the speed of light. Be it light, or sound, the speed of the wave-front travel defines the wavelength, and thus the quasi-static (QS) approximation. But there is much more at stake than QSs. Taxonomy requires a proper statement of the laws of physics, which includes at least the six basic network postulates: (P1) causality (non-causal/acausal), (P2) linearity (non-linear), (P3) real (complex) time response, (P4) passive (active), (P5) time-invariant (time varying), and (P6) reciprocal (non-reciprocal). These six postulates are extended to include MMs.

  1. Expanding the Taxonomy of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peck, Christopher C.; Goulet, Jean-Paul; Lobbezoo, Frank; Schiffman, Eric L.; Alstergren, Per; Anderson, Gary C.; de Leeuw, Reny; Jensen, Rigmor; Michelotti, Ambra; Ohrbach, Richard; Petersson, Arne; List, Thomas

    2014-01-01

    Background There is a need to expand the current temporomandibular disorder (TMD) classification to include less common, but clinically important disorders. The immediate aim was to develop a consensus-based classification system and associated diagnostic criteria that have clinical and research utility for less common TMDs. The long-term aim was to establish a foundation, vis-à-vis this classification system, that will stimulate data collection, validity testing, and further criteria refinement. Methods A working group [members of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network of the International Association for Dental Research (IADR), members of the Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group (SIG) of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), and members from other professional societies] reviewed disorders for inclusion based on clinical significance, the availability of plausible diagnostic criteria, and the ability to operationalize and study the criteria. The disorders were derived from the literature when possible and based on expert opinion as necessary. The expanded TMD taxonomy was presented for feedback at international meetings. Results Of 56 disorders considered, 37 were included in the expanded taxonomy and were placed into the following four categories: temporomandibular joint disorders, masticatory muscle disorders, headache disorders, and disorders affecting associated structures. Those excluded were extremely uncommon, lacking operationalized diagnostic criteria, not clearly related to TMDs, or not sufficiently distinct from disorders already included within the taxonomy. Conclusions The expanded TMD taxonomy offers an integrated approach to clinical diagnosis and provides a framework for further research to operationalize and test the proposed taxonomy and diagnostic criteria. PMID:24443898

  2. Frações de cobre e zinco em solos de vinhedos no Meio Oeste de Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Brunetto

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a migração e a modificação de frações de Cu e Zn em solos de vinhedos. Em outubro de 2010 foram selecionados, em Água Doce (SC três vinhedos com idades crescentes e uma área de campo natural com o objetivo de determinar o teor natural dos elementos no solo. Amostras de solo dos vinhedos e campo natural foram coletadas em camadas estratificadas e analisadas. Nas amostras foram realizados o fracionamento químico e a extração de Cu e Zn por EDTA e pelo método 3050B da USEPA. O Cu e o Zn foram acumulados nas camadas mais superficiais dos solos dos vinhedos e maiores concentrações foram observadas no vinhedo com maior idade. A maior parte do Cu e do Zn nos solos dos vinhedos foi distribuída na fração residual que possui baixa mobilidade geoquímica porém nas camadas mais superficiais do solo do vinhedo com maior idade constatou-se aumento do teor de Cu ligado à matéria orgânica do solo e nas camadas mais profundas, ligado aos minerais. A maior parte do Zn no solo dos vinhedos foi distribuída na fração residual e ligada aos minerais; a fração residual possui baixa mobilidade no solo mas pode ser disponível para as plantas e causar toxidez.

  3. Failure mode taxonomy for assessing the reliability of Field Programmable Gate Array based Instrumentation and Control systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    McNelles, Phillip; Zeng, Zhao Chang; Renganathan, Guna; Chirila, Marius; Lu, Lixuan

    2017-01-01

    Highlights: • The use FPGAs in I&C systems in Nuclear Power Plants is an important issue (IAEA). • OECD-NEA published a failure mode taxonomy for software-based digital I&C systems. • This paper extends the OECD-NEA taxonomy to model FPGA-based systems. • FPGA failure modes, failure effects, uncovering methods are categorized/described. • Provides an example of modelling an FPGA-Based RTS/ESFAS using the FPGA taxonomy. - Abstract: Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are a form of programmable digital hardware configured to perform digital logic functions. This configuration (programming) is performed using Hardware Description Language (HDL), making FPGAs a form of HDL Programmed Device (HPD). In the nuclear field, FPGAs have seen use in upgrades and replacements of obsolete Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems. This paper expands upon previous work that resulted in extensive FPGA failure mode data, to allow for the application of the OECD-NEA failure modes taxonomy. The OECD-NEA taxonomy presented a method to model digital (software-based) I&C systems, based on the hardware and software failure modes, failure uncovering effects and levels of abstraction, using a Reactor Trip System/Engineering Safety Feature Actuation System (RTS/ESFAS) as an example system. To create the FPGA taxonomy, this paper presents an additional “sub-component” level of abstraction, to demonstrate the effect of the FPGA failure modes and failure categories on an FPGA-based system. The proposed FPGA taxonomy is based on the FPGA failure modes, failure categories, failure effects and uncovering situations. The FPGA taxonomy is applied to the RTS/ESFAS test system, to demonstrate the effects of the anticipated FPGA failure modes on a digital I&C system, and to provide a modelling example for this proposed taxonomy.

  4. KAJIAN DESAIN TOYOTA KIJANG DAN PENGUATAN CITRA PADA MASYARAKAT SOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Satriana Didiek Isnanta

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Indonesia's modern consumer societies develop in conjunction with the history of global economy and the transformation of consumer capitalism. This happens in many communities in cities of Indonesia, including Solo. With a population of 500 thousand at night and 1.5 million during the day, it is a potential market for global products. Therefore, it is obvious if the Solo people's tastes are no different than other communities, because of the consumer behaviour and global economy that are intertwined. The value of the meaning of products have also shifted, such as with cars. Cars that usually function as a vehicle no different than a wagon, have changed into a symbol of social class for the modern society, even for the people of Solo. The functions and facilities of the Various brands and types of cars, and elements that are related to automotive technology, are not too different. What makes the difference between these cars lays on the design of the form and image. This form design is able to create an image for certain social class for its user and its product brand. The most interesting phenomenon from automotive products in Indonesia is what happened with Toyota Kijang. Since its launch on 1977, Toyota Kijang, which is on its fifth generation this year, has succeeded in becoming the number one choice for cars for Indonesians. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia: Masyarakat konsumen Indonesia mutakhir tumbuh beriringan dengan sejarah globalisasi ekonomi dan transformasi kapitalisme konsumsi Hal ini terjadi di banyak masyarakat perkotaan Indonesia termasuk masyarakat kota Solo. Dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 500 ribu jiwa pada malam hari dan 1,5 juta jiwa pada siang hari merupakan pasar potensial bagi produk-produk global, maka tidak mengherankan bila selera masyarakat Solo sekarang tidak ubahnya dengan selera masyarakat lain karena perilaku konsumtif dan globalisasi ekonomi sangat terkait. Dalam menilai sebuah makna produkpun juga telah bergeser, tak

  5. Current and pending taxonomy of the Pasteurellaceae

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Angen, Øystein

    Since the family Pasteurellaceae was established in 1981 the taxonomy of this group of bacteria has undergone significant changes. 16S DNA sequencing showed in the early 1990-ties, that the three original genera were genetically heterogeneous. Presently, the family consists of 13 genetically cohe...

  6. Towards a taxonomy for project management competences

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dr Ruben Vrijhoef; Steven Nijhuis; J. Kessels

    2016-01-01

    Presented at Conference: IPMA World Conference 2014, At Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Volume: 28 A taxonomy is used for classifying things in general. For the purpose of this paper it is a systematic classification of competences into hierarchical groups where each sublevel constitutes a breakdown of

  7. Óxidos de manganês em solos do quadrilátero ferrífero (MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amaury de Carvalho Filho

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available A mineralogia dos óxidos de Mn é muito variada e complexa, devido ao grande número de minerais e ao conhecimento inexato de algumas de suas estruturas. Devido à escassez de trabalhos que tratam especificamente de óxidos de Mn em solos brasileiros e seu conteúdo muito elevado em alguns solos do Quadrilátero Ferrífero (MG, este estudo objetivou caracterizar a química e a mineralogia desses óxidos nos solos dessa região, estratificando-os conforme os materiais de origem e posições na paisagem. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma área representativa do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, referente à Área de Proteção Ambiental da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte - APA Sul RMBH, com extensão de 1.625,32 km²; a amostragem foi direcionada para a caracterização de solos com elevado teor de Mn, relacionados a três materiais de origem distintos: itabiritos, dolomitos ferruginosos e serpentinitos, tendo sido incluídos ainda alguns solos provenientes de outros materiais de origem, dentro do Quadrilátero. Alguns solos do Quadrilátero Ferrífero possuem teores de Mn na fração terra fina extraordinariamente elevados, principalmente aqueles relacionados aos dolomitos ferruginosos da Formação Gandarela. Foram identificados diversos minerais de Mn na fração argila dos solos, sem quaisquer pré-tratamentos de concentração, representados por todoroquita, litioforita e, ainda, pirolusita. A influência do material de origem no contexto deste estudo foi superior àquela da posição na paisagem e grau de intemperismo de solos ricos em Mn.

  8. A SOLUÇÃO DO SOLO DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO DISTRÓFICO SUBMETIDO A TRÊS TIPOS DE MANEJO DE SOLO E DE CULTURAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvio Tulio Spera

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a interação destes fatores nos atributos químicos da solução de solo de duas camadas de solo situadas entre 0 a 20 cm. O experimento foi conduzido em Passo Fundo, RS, em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, após mais de duas décadas de cultivo, sem aplicação de calcário. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, em esquema de subparcelas. Os tratamentos foram: plantio direto (PD, cultivo mínimo com escarificador (PM e preparo convencional com arado e grade (PC. Estes foram combinados com as rotações de culturas: trigo/soja (R1; trigo/soja-ervilhaca/sorgo (R2 e trigo/soja-ervilhaca/sorgo-aveia branca/soja (R3, para avaliar o efeito da interação dessas rotações com o tipo de manejo de solo nos atributos químicos da solução do solo, nas camadas de 0 a 6,7 cm e de 6,8 a 20 cm. Não houve correlações entre os atributos de solo avaliados, em ambas as camadas, mesmo havendo diferenças de níveis de restrição físicas e químicas entre as camadas. Os atributos químicos da solução do solo não foram influenciados pela interação dos fatores estudados, sendo pouco influenciados pela rotação de culturas. O plantio direto propiciou maiores valores de carbono orgânico dissolvido e menor teor e atividade de Al na solução do solo, que pode amenizar a toxidez de Al. Palavra-chave: nutrientes; plantio direto, preparo convencional, química do solo. THE SOIL SOLUTION OF A TYPIC HAPLUSTOX UNDER THREE SOIL MANAGEMENTS AND CROP ROTATIONS ABSTRACT The goal of this work was to evaluate the interaction of these two factors in grain production of crops (harvest 2007, and chemical attributes of the soil solution of two soil layers situated among 0 to 20 cm. The experiment was conducted in Passo Fundo, RS, in a Typic Haplustox, after more than two decades of cropping without limestone application. The experimental design was randomized block, in subplots scheme. The treatments were: no

  9. VecScreen_plus_taxonomy: imposing a tax(onomy) increase on vector contamination screening.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schäffer, Alejandro A; Nawrocki, Eric P; Choi, Yoon; Kitts, Paul A; Karsch-Mizrachi, Ilene; McVeigh, Richard

    2018-03-01

    Nucleic acid sequences in public databases should not contain vector contamination, but many sequences in GenBank do (or did) contain vectors. The National Center for Biotechnology Information uses the program VecScreen to screen submitted sequences for contamination. Additional tools are needed to distinguish true-positive (contamination) from false-positive (not contamination) VecScreen matches. A principal reason for false-positive VecScreen matches is that the sequence and the matching vector subsequence originate from closely related or identical organisms (for example, both originate in Escherichia coli). We collected information on the taxonomy of sources of vector segments in the UniVec database used by VecScreen. We used that information in two overlapping software pipelines for retrospective analysis of contamination in GenBank and for prospective analysis of contamination in new sequence submissions. Using the retrospective pipeline, we identified and corrected over 8000 contaminated sequences in the nonredundant nucleotide database. The prospective analysis pipeline has been in production use since April 2017 to evaluate some new GenBank submissions. Data on the sources of UniVec entries were included in release 10.0 (ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/UniVec/). The main software is freely available at https://github.com/aaschaffer/vecscreen_plus_taxonomy. aschaffe@helix.nih.gov. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. Published by Oxford University Press 2017. This work is written by US Government employees and are in the public domain in the US.

  10. Current taxonomy of phages infecting lactic acid bacteria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jennifer eMahony

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Phages infecting lactic acid bacteria have been the focus of significant research attention over the past three decades. Through the isolation and characterization of hundreds of phage isolates, it has been possible to classify phages of the dairy starter and adjunct bacteria Lactococus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Leuconostoc spp. and Lactobacillus spp. Among these, phages of L. lactis have been most thoroughly scrutinized and serve as an excellent model system to address issues that arise when attempting taxonomic classification of phages infecting other LAB species. Here, we present an overview of the current taxonomy of phages infecting LAB genera of industrial significance, the methods employed in these taxonomic efforts and how these may be employed for the taxonomy of phages of currently underrepresented and emerging phage species.

  11. Efeito de doses de boro no crescimento vegetativo de girassol em diferentes classes de solos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manoel Euba Neto

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available A baixa disponibilidade de boro (B no solo é um dos fatores que mais limita a produção do girassol, planta oleaginosa caracterizada por ampla adaptabilidade climática. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência de doses de boro, aplicadas em distintas classes de solos, no desenvolvimento do girassol cultivar Hélio 863. As amostras foram coletadas na camada de 0-20 cm dos solos: Argissolo Acinzentado (PAC; Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (PVA; Neossolo Litólico (RL; Argissolo Vermelho eutrófico (PVe; Neossolo Flúvico (RY e Vertissolo Háplico (VX. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 6 x 4 (solos x doses, com quatro repetições. A unidade experimental foi representada por uma planta por vaso. Os solos apresentaram efeito significativo (p < 0,01 sobre todos os parâmetros de crescimento estudados. As plantas de girassol cultivadas nos solos RY, VX, PAC e RL apresentaram a maior área foliar, os maiores capítulos, o maior teor de boro foliar e maior número de folhas e altura de plantas, respectivamente. A adubação com boro não influenciou a produção de fitomassa seca do girassol cv. Hélio 863.

  12. A Hierarchical Causal Taxonomy of Psychopathology across the Life Span

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lahey, Benjamin B.; Krueger, Robert F.; Rathouz, Paul J.; Waldman, Irwin D.; Zald, David H.

    2016-01-01

    We propose a taxonomy of psychopathology based on patterns of shared causal influences identified in a review of multivariate behavior genetic studies that distinguish genetic and environmental influences that are either common to multiple dimensions of psychopathology or unique to each dimension. At the phenotypic level, first-order dimensions are defined by correlations among symptoms; correlations among first-order dimensions similarly define higher-order domains (e.g., internalizing or externalizing psychopathology). We hypothesize that the robust phenotypic correlations among first-order dimensions reflect a hierarchy of increasingly specific etiologic influences. Some nonspecific etiologic factors increase risk for all first-order dimensions of psychopathology to varying degrees through a general factor of psychopathology. Other nonspecific etiologic factors increase risk only for all first-order dimensions within a more specific higher-order domain. Furthermore, each first-order dimension has its own unique causal influences. Genetic and environmental influences common to family members tend to be nonspecific, whereas environmental influences unique to each individual are more dimension-specific. We posit that these causal influences on psychopathology are moderated by sex and developmental processes. This causal taxonomy also provides a novel framework for understanding the heterogeneity of each first-order dimension: Different persons exhibiting similar symptoms may be influenced by different combinations of etiologic influences from each of the three levels of the etiologic hierarchy. Furthermore, we relate the proposed causal taxonomy to transdimensional psychobiological processes, which also impact the heterogeneity of each psychopathology dimension. This causal taxonomy implies the need for changes in strategies for studying the etiology, psychobiology, prevention, and treatment of psychopathology. PMID:28004947

  13. Formas extraíveis de ferro em solos do estado do Rio de Janeiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. G. Pereira

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available No estado do Rio de Janeiro, destacam-se três feições geomorfológicas: as formações constituídas por rochas do Complexo Cristalino, expostas ou capeadas por seus produtos de alteração; os tabuleiros costeiros, compostos pelos sedimentos da Formação Barreiras, e, por último, as planícies aluvionares, que são formações quaternárias. As diferenças entre os materiais de origem e as classes de relevo e sua influência na formação dos solos têm constituído o tema principal dos estudos de genêse realizados no Rio de Janeiro. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento das formas extraíveis de ferro, Feo, Fed e Fes, e as relações entre elas em função do grau de pedogênese dos solos. Para estes solos, as formas de ferro e relações Fed/Fes e Feo/Fed expressaram variações na mineralogia do material de origem, grau de intemperismo dos solos e do material formador, ou classe de drenagem, mais do que a intensidade de pedogênese. Assim, as formas extraíveis de Fe e respectivas relações para avaliar o grau de pedogênese, nos solos do Rio de Janeiro, requerem uma interpretação conjunta das demais propriedades do solo, com ênfase para a morfologia e classes de drenagem.

  14. Adsorção de nitrato em solos de cerrado do Distrito Federal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    OLIVEIRA JULIANA RIBEIRO ALEXANDRE DE

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a adsorção de nitrato e identificar as propriedades do solo que mais influenciam este fenômeno, em um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro, com 56% de argila, em Planaltina, DF. Em 1996 foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-20, 20-40, 40-80, 80-100 cm, de um experimento com cinco anos de duração, em uma área de cerrado típico e em duas áreas cultivadas com soja e milho, onde o solo apresentava inversão de carga em profundidade. Também foram coletadas amostras em um solo sob cerradão, com carga elétrica líquida negativa em profundidade. A relação entre nitrato adsorvido e nitrato na solução foi descrita pela equação de Freundlich e as relações entre o nitrato adsorvido e algumas propriedades físico-químicas do solo foram estudadas por meio de regressões múltiplas. O nitrato adsorvido aumentou com a profundidade em todos os tratamentos. Esta adsorção foi maior nos solos sob cerrado e cerradão. O deltapH não afetou a adsorção de nitrato. A correlação entre nitrato adsorvido, matéria orgânica e sulfato extraível foi negativa. A adsorção de nitrato aumentou com a redução da matéria orgânica em profundidade e com a redução de sulfato extraível.

  15. Toward a comprehensive taxonomy of human motives

    Science.gov (United States)

    Talevich, Jennifer R.; Walsh, David A.; Iyer, Ravi; Chopra, Gurveen

    2017-01-01

    A major success in personality has been the development of a consensual structure of traits. However, much less progress has been made on the structure of an equally important aspect of human psychology: motives. We present an empirically and theoretically structured hierarchical taxonomy of 161 motives gleaned from a literature review from McDougall to the present and based on the cluster analysis of similarity judgments among these 161 motives, a broader sampling of motives than previous work. At the broadest level were: Meaning, Communion, and Agency. These divided into nine clusters: Morality & Virtue, Religion & Spirituality, Self-Actualization, Avoidance, Social Relating, Family, Health, Mastery & Competence, and Financial & Occupational Success. Each divided into more concrete clusters to form 5 levels. We discuss contributions to research on motives, especially recent work on goal systems, and the aiding of communication and systematization of research. Finally, we compare the taxonomy to other motive organizations. PMID:28231252

  16. A topographic feature taxonomy for a U.S. national topographic mapping ontology

    Science.gov (United States)

    Varanka, Dalia E.

    2013-01-01

    Using legacy feature lists from the U.S. National Topographic Mapping Program of the twentieth century, a taxonomy of features is presented for purposes of developing a national topographic feature ontology for geographic mapping and analysis. After reviewing published taxonomic classifications, six basic classes are suggested; terrain, surface water, ecological regimes, built-up areas, divisions, and events. Aspects of ontology development are suggested as the taxonomy is described.

  17. ClassyFire: automated chemical classification with a comprehensive, computable taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Djoumbou Feunang, Yannick; Eisner, Roman; Knox, Craig; Chepelev, Leonid; Hastings, Janna; Owen, Gareth; Fahy, Eoin; Steinbeck, Christoph; Subramanian, Shankar; Bolton, Evan; Greiner, Russell; Wishart, David S

    2016-01-01

    Scientists have long been driven by the desire to describe, organize, classify, and compare objects using taxonomies and/or ontologies. In contrast to biology, geology, and many other scientific disciplines, the world of chemistry still lacks a standardized chemical ontology or taxonomy. Several attempts at chemical classification have been made; but they have mostly been limited to either manual, or semi-automated proof-of-principle applications. This is regrettable as comprehensive chemical classification and description tools could not only improve our understanding of chemistry but also improve the linkage between chemistry and many other fields. For instance, the chemical classification of a compound could help predict its metabolic fate in humans, its druggability or potential hazards associated with it, among others. However, the sheer number (tens of millions of compounds) and complexity of chemical structures is such that any manual classification effort would prove to be near impossible. We have developed a comprehensive, flexible, and computable, purely structure-based chemical taxonomy (ChemOnt), along with a computer program (ClassyFire) that uses only chemical structures and structural features to automatically assign all known chemical compounds to a taxonomy consisting of >4800 different categories. This new chemical taxonomy consists of up to 11 different levels (Kingdom, SuperClass, Class, SubClass, etc.) with each of the categories defined by unambiguous, computable structural rules. Furthermore each category is named using a consensus-based nomenclature and described (in English) based on the characteristic common structural properties of the compounds it contains. The ClassyFire webserver is freely accessible at http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/. Moreover, a Ruby API version is available at https://bitbucket.org/wishartlab/classyfire_api, which provides programmatic access to the ClassyFire server and database. ClassyFire has been used to

  18. PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS BERBASIS WEB UNTUK PEMETAAN LOKASI PASAR DAN PUSAT PERBELANJAAN DI KOTA SOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Murinto

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available Kota Solo merupakan salah satu kota terbesar di Jawa Tengah selain kota Semarang yang dijadikan sebagai ibukota propinsi. Dalam hal perekonomian kota Solo memiliki peranan penting terutama dalam bidang industri dan perdagangan. Sebagai penunjang perekonomian di bidang industri dan perdagangan, di kota Solo terdapat pasar (pasar tradisional dan pasar modern (pusat perbelanjaan. Pasar – pasar tersebut dikelola oleh Dinas Pasar yang merupakan instansi pemerintahan yang ada di kota Solo. Pasar – pasar tersebut banyak tersebar di beberapa kecamatan di kota Solo. Karena banyaknya pasar yang tersebar di wilayah kecamatan yang ada di kota Solo maka dinas pasar khususnya dan masyarakat umumnya tidak dapat secara pasti mendapatkan informasi tentang keberadaan lokasi dan fasilitas – fasilitas yang ada di pasar seperti barang yang dijual, dan jumlah kios. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat Sistem Informasi Geografis berbasis web untuk mengetahui lokasi pasar tradisional dan pasar modern (pusat perbelanjaan, barang yang dijual, dan jumlah kios. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara dan pencarian di Internet. Metode yang dilakukan dalam merancang sistem informasi geografis pasar tradisional dan pasar modern (pusat perbelanjaan di kota Solo berbasis web adalah dengan menganalisa kebutuhan sistem, merancang sistem, melakukan digitasi peta dengan perangkat lunak ArcView 3.3, mengimplementasikan program dengan PHP dan MySQL, dan menguji program. Untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap aplikasi ini dilakukan dengan metode black box test dan alpha test. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk Pemetaan Lokasi Pasar Tradisional dan Pasar Modern (Pusat Perbelanjaan di Kota Solo Berbasis Web yang dapat digunakan dinas pasar dan masyarakat untuk mengetahui lokasi pasar, barang yang dijual dipasar, dan jumlah kios.

  19. RESPOSTA DO TOMATEIRO A DIFERENTES TENSÕES DE ÁGUA NO SOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rogério Rangel Rodrigues

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar a resposta do tomateiro (Solanum lycopersicon L., híbrido Dominador F1, a diferentes tensões de água no solo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação na Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de seis tensões de água no solo (20, 45, 70, 95, 120 e 145 kPa, com quatro repetições, em um delineamento em blocos casualizados. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção total, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, acidez titulável e lâmina aplicada. Os resultados demonstraram que, com exceção da acidez titulável, as demais variáveis avaliadas apresentaram menores valores com o aumento da tensão de água no solo. Para a obtenção de maior produção de frutos do tomateiro Dominador F1, as irrigações devem ser realizadas quando a tensão de água no solo, a 0,20 cm de profundidade, estiver em torno de 45 kPa.

  20. A Taxonomy for Mannerisms of Blind Children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eichel, Valerie J.

    1979-01-01

    The investigation involving 24 blind children (2-11 years old) set out to develop and validate a coding procedure which employed a set of 34 descriptors with their corresponding definitions. The use of the taxonomy enabled a detailed, systematic study of manneristic behavior in blind children. (Author/SBH)

  1. Moral development of solo juvenile sex offenders

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Vugt, E.; Stams, G.J.; Dekovic, M.; Brugman, D.; Rutten, E.; Hendriks, J.

    2008-01-01

    This study compared the moral development of solo juvenile male sex offenders (n = 20) and juvenile male non-offenders (n = 76), aged 13-19 years, from lower socioeconomic and educational backgrounds. The Moral Orientation Measure (MOM) was used to assess punishment- and victim-based moral

  2. Evaluating a medical error taxonomy.

    OpenAIRE

    Brixey, Juliana; Johnson, Todd R.; Zhang, Jiajie

    2002-01-01

    Healthcare has been slow in using human factors principles to reduce medical errors. The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) recognizes that a lack of attention to human factors during product development may lead to errors that have the potential for patient injury, or even death. In response to the need for reducing medication errors, the National Coordinating Council for Medication Errors Reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP) released the NCC MERP taxonomy that provides a stand...

  3. SOLO-taksonomi – et muligt redskab i læringsmålstyret matematikundervisning

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Rune

    2015-01-01

    SOLO-taksonomien beskrives som værende et muligt redskab til at stilladsere lærerens arbejde med faglig målsætning i matematikundervisningen.......SOLO-taksonomien beskrives som værende et muligt redskab til at stilladsere lærerens arbejde med faglig målsætning i matematikundervisningen....

  4. Cloretos (Cl- nos solos do estado de São Paulo, e sua dosagem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. E. de Paiva Neto

    1946-01-01

    Full Text Available Entre os métodos puramente químicos para a dosagem de cloretos no solo, tais como gravimétricos e volumétricos e os baseados em processos físico-químicos, tais como nefelométricos, colorimétricos e eletrométricos escolhemos por mais simples e exato, o eletro-titrométrico, ideado por Best (2. Foi estudada a técnica mais razoável e perfeita para a extração dos cloretos do solo e em seguida sua titulação. Como meio de extração escolhemos a água destilada, fazendo-a percolar por uma camada de solo. A relação entre solo e água foi de 1 :4. isto é, 50 gr de solo (terra fina e 200 ml de água destilada. As dosagens tornaram-se, assim, bastante exatas e a duração do eletrodo de AgCl chegou a funcionar muito bem ainda depois de 1000 titulações. Isto não aconteceria se se usasse xima suspensão grosseira de solo para proceder à titulação. Consegue-se, com essa técnica, dosar cloretos, sem dificuldades, em 50 amostras de solo por dia. Conseguimos, assim, dosar cloretos em mais de mil amostras de solo de todo o Estado de São Paulo. Vimos que, no geral, o teor em cloretos é baixo, oscilando entre 0,2 e 2 mg de Cl~ por 100 gr de solo. Em algumas baixadas, sem circulação de água, encontramos até 20 mg por 100 gr de solo. Torna-se claro, pois, não possuirmos casos de solos ricos em sais (cloretos que fossem prejudiciais à agricultura. Em muitos casos evidenciou-se grande pobresa em iônio Cl-, sendo recomendável mesmo a adição de cloretos nas adubações para verificar seus efeitos. Entre estes solos podemos citar a nossa terra-roxa-legítima. Estampamos série elevada de análises, apresentando o teor em Cl- no solo pág. . . assim como um mapa do Estado de São Paulo, que esclarece o local de onde foram tomadas as amostras.Among the methods purely chemical, used for the determinations of chlorides in the soil, such as gravimetric and volumetric ones and those based on physico-chemical procedures, such as the

  5. A Taxonomy of Information Technology-Enhanced Pricing Strategies

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dixit, A.; Whipple, T.W.; Zinkhan, G.M.; Gailey, E.

    2008-01-01

    As a result of evolving technology, opportunities for innovative pricing strategies continuously emerge. The authors provide an updated taxonomy to show how such emerging strategies relate to recent technological advances. Specifically, they cite increased availability of information, enhanced

  6. Carbono, nitrogênio, fósforo e enxofre em solos tratados com composto de lixo urbano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. H. Abreu Junior

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available Foram estudados os efeitos da aplicação de composto de lixo urbano, proveniente da usina de compostagem São Matheus da cidade de São Paulo, na dose de 30 g dm-3 (60 t ha-1, na presença e ausência de calcário dolomítico e adubos minerais, sobre os teores de carbono orgânico, de nitrogênio total e de fósforo e enxofre disponíveis de 21 solos ácidos e cinco solos alcalinos, onde o calcário foi substituído por gesso. O experimento foi realizado em condições de casa de vegetação com os solos nas parcelas em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e os tratamentos em subparcelas. O acúmulo de matéria orgânica, em virtude da aplicação do composto, foi evidente em solos com teores iniciais de carbono orgânico > 12 g dm-3 e de nitrogênio > 1,3 g dm-3, porém com relação C/N < 12. Nos demais solos, o acúmulo foi decorrente da interação entre a estabilidade da matéria orgânica do composto, da matéria orgânica nativa e as propriedades físicas e químicas dos solos. A aplicação do composto aumentou os teores de nitrogênio total e de enxofre disponível em todos os solos, porém o fósforo disponível somente foi aumentado nos solos ácidos. A aplicação do composto de lixo urbano como fertilizante orgânico é viável, porém seus efeitos sobre as propriedades químicas do solo devem ser monitorados.

  7. Teores de Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni E Co em solos de referência de Pernambuco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caroline Miranda Biondi

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Metais pesados formam um grupo de elementos com particularidades relevantes e de ocorrência natural no ambiente, como elementos acessórios na constituição de rochas. Esses elementos, apesar de associados à toxidez, exigem tratamento diferenciado em relação aos xenobióticos, uma vez que diversos metais possuem essencialidade (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn e Ni e benefício (Co comprovados para as plantas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os teores naturais dos metais Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu e Co nos solos de referência de Pernambuco. Foram coletadas amostras de solo nas três regiões fisiográficas (Zona da Mata, Agreste e Sertão, dos dois primeiros horizontes dos 35 solos de referência do Estado de Pernambuco. A digestão das amostras baseou-se no método 3051A (USEPA, 1998, e a determinação foi efetuada em ICP-OES. Correlações significativas foram estabelecidas entre os metais e entre estes e a fração argila do solo, em ambos os horizontes, indicando a associação comum da maioria dos metais com solos mais argilosos. A maioria dos solos apresentou teores de Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni e Co menores que os de solos de outras regiões do País, com litologia mais máfica, o que corrobora o fato de que os teores desses elementos são mais diretamente relacionados aos minerais Fe-magnesianos. Os resultados indicam baixo potencial dos solos de Pernambuco em liberar Cu, Co e Ni para plantas, enquanto deficiências de Zn, Fe e Mn são menos prováveis. Os teores naturais de Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni e Co determinados podem ser utilizados como base para definição dos Valores de Referência de Qualidade para os solos de Pernambuco, de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação nacional.

  8. Sistemas de manejo do solo na recuperação de uma pastagem degradada em Rondônia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Afrânio Ferreira Neves Junior

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Na região amazônica, pastagens formadas e conduzidas de forma inadequada perdem a produtividade durante os primeiros anos em razão de superpastejo, ausência de adubação e de manutenção e emprego de espécies inadequadas para as condições edafoflorísticas da região. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar as modificações ocasionadas por diferentes sistemas de manejo nos atributos físicos de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA, sob pastagem degradada no Estado de Rondônia, RO. Os sistemas de manejo utilizados nos tratamentos foram: T = testemunha; G = gradagem + NPK + micronutrientes; H = herbicida + NK + micronutrientes; A = plantio direto de arroz + NPK + micronutrientes; e S = plantio direto de soja + NPK + micronutrientes. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Para avaliar os tratamentos, amostras com estrutura indeformada foram coletadas em três profundidades (0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,30 m para determinar a curva de retenção da água no solo, densidade do solo, resistência do solo à penetração de raízes, macroporosidade, microporosidade, porosidade total, estimativa do intervalo hídrico ótimo (IHO, densidade máxima do solo (Dsmax e densidade relativa do solo (Dsrel. Os sistemas de manejo do solo adotados na recuperação da pastagem não proporcionaram melhorias significativas nos atributos físicos do solo, 40 meses após a implantação dos tratamentos. Em todos os sistemas de manejo, foram encontrados valores de densidade do solo acima do considerado ideal (1,40 Mg m-3 e abaixo do crítico (1,75 Mg m-3. Todos os sistemas de manejo apresentaram valores de densidade do solo relativa (Dsrel acima do valor adotado como crítico (Dsrel = 86 %, exceto no sistema em que foi realizado o preparo do solo na profundidade de 0-0,10 m. A qualidade física do solo, avaliada pelo IHO, diminuiu com o aumento da profundidade do solo.

  9. Liberalisation and Corporate Strategic Behaviours: A Taxonomy of the European Electric Firms

    OpenAIRE

    Schiavone Francesco; Quintano Michele

    2012-01-01

    Liberalisation in the European electricity market greatly increased the number of corporate mergers and acquisitions. This article proposes a taxonomy of the strategic behaviours of European electricity firms after the recent continental industry liberalisation. We analysed the operations of mergers and acquisitions of these companies. The «five competitive forces» model by Michael Porter was used in order to develop the taxonomy. Our analysis outlines three main strategic types: "omnivorou"s...

  10. The ACTTION–APS–AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Multidimensional Approach to Classifying Acute Pain Conditions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kent, Michael L.; Tighe, Patrick J.; Belfer, Inna; Brennan, Timothy J.; Bruehl, Stephen; Brummett, Chad M.; Buckenmaier, Chester C.; Buvanendran, Asokumar; Cohen, Robert I.; Desjardins, Paul; Edwards, David; Fillingim, Roger; Gewandter, Jennifer; Gordon, Debra B.; Hurley, Robert W.; Kehlet, Henrik; Loeser, John D.; Mackey, Sean; McLean, Samuel A.; Polomano, Rosemary; Rahman, Siamak; Raja, Srinivasa; Rowbotham, Michael; Suresh, Santhanam; Schachtel, Bernard; Schreiber, Kristin; Schumacher, Mark; Stacey, Brett; Stanos, Steven; Todd, Knox; Turk, Dennis C.; Weisman, Steven J.; Wu, Christopher; Carr, Daniel B.; Dworkin, Robert H.; Terman, Gregory

    2017-01-01

    Objective. With the increasing societal awareness of the prevalence and impact of acute pain, there is a need to develop an acute pain classification system that both reflects contemporary mechanistic insights and helps guide future research and treatment. Existing classifications of acute pain conditions are limiting, with a predominant focus on the sensory experience (e.g., pain intensity) and pharmacologic consumption. Consequently, there is a need to more broadly characterize and classify the multidimensional experience of acute pain. Setting. Consensus report following expert panel involving the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION), American Pain Society (APS), and American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM). Methods. As a complement to a taxonomy recently developed for chronic pain, the ACTTION public-private partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration, the APS, and the AAPM convened a consensus meeting of experts to develop an acute pain taxonomy using prevailing evidence. Key issues pertaining to the distinct nature of acute pain are presented followed by the agreed-upon taxonomy. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Acute Pain Taxonomy will include the following dimensions: 1) core criteria, 2) common features, 3) modulating factors, 4) impact/functional consequences, and 5) putative pathophysiologic pain mechanisms. Future efforts will consist of working groups utilizing this taxonomy to develop diagnostic criteria for a comprehensive set of acute pain conditions. Perspective. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Acute Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) is a multidimensional acute pain classification system designed to classify acute pain along the following dimensions: 1) core criteria, 2) common features, 3) modulating factors, 4) impact/functional consequences, and 5) putative pathophysiologic pain mechanisms. Conclusions. Significant numbers of patients still suffer from significant acute pain

  11. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) Multidimensional Approach to Classifying Acute Pain Conditions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kent, Michael L; Tighe, Patrick J; Belfer, Inna; Brennan, Timothy J; Bruehl, Stephen; Brummett, Chad M; Buckenmaier, Chester C; Buvanendran, Asokumar; Cohen, Robert I; Desjardins, Paul; Edwards, David; Fillingim, Roger; Gewandter, Jennifer; Gordon, Debra B; Hurley, Robert W; Kehlet, Henrik; Loeser, John D; Mackey, Sean; McLean, Samuel A; Polomano, Rosemary; Rahman, Siamak; Raja, Srinivasa; Rowbotham, Michael; Suresh, Santhanam; Schachtel, Bernard; Schreiber, Kristin; Schumacher, Mark; Stacey, Brett; Stanos, Steven; Todd, Knox; Turk, Dennis C; Weisman, Steven J; Wu, Christopher; Carr, Daniel B; Dworkin, Robert H; Terman, Gregory

    2017-05-01

    With the increasing societal awareness of the prevalence and impact of acute pain, there is a need to develop an acute pain classification system that both reflects contemporary mechanistic insights and helps guide future research and treatment. Existing classifications of acute pain conditions are limiting, with a predominant focus on the sensory experience (eg, pain intensity) and pharmacologic consumption. Consequently, there is a need to more broadly characterize and classify the multidimensional experience of acute pain. Consensus report following expert panel involving the Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION), American Pain Society (APS), and American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM). As a complement to a taxonomy recently developed for chronic pain, the ACTTION public-private partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration, the APS, and the AAPM convened a consensus meeting of experts to develop an acute pain taxonomy using prevailing evidence. Key issues pertaining to the distinct nature of acute pain are presented followed by the agreed-upon taxonomy. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Acute Pain Taxonomy will include the following dimensions: 1) core criteria, 2) common features, 3) modulating factors, 4) impact/functional consequences, and 5) putative pathophysiologic pain mechanisms. Future efforts will consist of working groups utilizing this taxonomy to develop diagnostic criteria for a comprehensive set of acute pain conditions. The ACTTION-APS-AAPM Acute Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) is a multidimensional acute pain classification system designed to classify acute pain along the following dimensions: 1) core criteria, 2) common features, 3) modulating factors, 4) impact/functional consequences, and 5) putative pathophysiologic pain mechanisms. Significant numbers of patients still suffer from significant acute pain, despite the advent of modern multimodal analgesic strategies

  12. GEO-ARKEOLOGI TERAS PURBA BENGAWAN SOLO DI SEKITAR KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO, JAWA TIMUR The Geo-archaeology of Ancient Terrace of Bengawan Solo in Bojonegoro Surrounding Regency, East Java

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Johan Arif

    2016-07-01

    Abstrak Pemetaan teras purba Bengawan Solo merupakan kajian geo-arkeologi tahap awal yang dilakukan di beberapa lokasi di wilayah kabupaten Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur. Permasalahannya adalah ditemukannya indikasi keberadaan peralatan batu paleolitik dan fosil-fosil vertebrata di beberapa teras purba di wilayah ini. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran sebaran teras purba Bengawan Solo berumur Kuarter serta memberikan usulan kepada para ahli arkeologi dalam merancang kegiatan pencarian sisa-sisa budaya manusia antara lain peralatan batu paleolitik maupun sisa-sisa fosil rangka manusia dan hewan pada suatu teras purba. Metode yang dipakai di dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pemetaan geologi, deskripsi profil sedimen, pengambilan contoh-contoh sedimen (termasuk fosil hewan untuk keperluan analisa sedimentologi dan analisa kimia. Di daerah penelitian yang terletak di kabupaten Bojonegoro dijumpai tiga teras yaitu Teras Menden (berumur sub-Resen, Jipangulu (berumur Holosen Awal dan Ngandong (berumur Plestosen Atas. Teras Menden dijumpai di Payaman, Teras Jipangulu di Prangi dan Wotangare dan Teras Ngandong dijumpai di Prangi dan di desa Kedung. Berdasarkan bukti stratigrafinya ketiga teras tersebut disusun oleh lapisan pasir ukuran kasar hingga kerikilan di bagian bawah dan berubah menjadi pasir lempungan dan lempung pasiran di bagian atas. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga teras tersebut dibentuk oleh sungai yang berkelok-kelok yaitu Bengawan Solo purba. Kedudukan masing-masing teras purba di daerah penelitian yang diukur dari Bengawan Solo adalah 2-3 m (Teras Menden, 5-7 m (Teras Jipangulu dan >8 m (Teras Ngandong. Berdasarkan hasil kajian teras purba ini diusulkan agar para ahli arkeologi lebih memfokuskan kepada perlapisan sedimen yang berukuran kasar dalam sistem endapan sungai purba berumur Kuarter untuk mencari sisa-sisa budaya manusia paleolitikum seperti peralatan batu maupun sisa-sisa fosil rangka manusia dan hewan.   Kata

  13. On Dramatic Instruction: Towards a Taxonomy of Methods.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Courtney, Richard

    1987-01-01

    Examines the many possible methods used by instructors who work with dramatic action: in educational drama, drama therapy, social drama, and theater. Discusses an emergent taxonomy whereby instructors choose either spontaneous/formal, overt/covert/, or intrinsic/extrinsic methods. (JC)

  14. Strauss: Metamorphosen for 23 solo strings / Michael Kennedy

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kennedy, Michael

    1990-01-01

    Uuest heliplaadist "Strauss: Metamorphosen for 23 solo strings, Tod und Verklärung, Op. 24, Drei Hymnen, Op.71. Felicity Lott (sop.), Scottish National Orchestra, Neeme Järvi" Chandos ABRD 1374. ABTD 1374. CHAN 8734

  15. Single-center experience using the Freedom SOLO aortic bioprosthesis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Iliopoulos, Dimitrios C; Deveja, Aris Rezar; Androutsopoulou, Vasiliki; Filias, Vasilios; Kastelanos, Eleftherios; Satratzemis, Vasilios; Khalpey, Zain; Koudoumas, Dimitrios

    2013-07-01

    This study reviews a single institution experience with the Freedom SOLO (Sorin Group, Saluggia, Italy) aortic bioprosthesis. Between October 2006 and February 2010, 128 patients (64 men, 64 women; mean age, 75.8 ± 5.1 years) underwent aortic valve replacement using the Freedom SOLO stentless aortic valve. The follow-up time was 36.7 ± 1.2 months and 100% complete. Concomitant procedures were performed in 77 patients (60%). The mean standard European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation was 9 ± 2.7. Grade 3 aortic stenosis was present in 73% of patients, mixed aortic stenosis and regurgitation were present in 40% of patients, and mitral regurgitation was present in 46% of patients. The mean crossclamp time was 53 ± 12 minutes for isolated Freedom SOLO aortic valve implantation and 80 ± 28 minutes for concomitant procedures, and the mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 103 ± 31 minutes. The mean implanted valve size was 22.6 ± 1.4 mm. The mean intensive care unit and hospital stays were 2.4 ± 1.1 days and 8.8 ± 2.6 days, respectively. Three patients underwent reoperation for bleeding. The 15-day, 30-day, and perioperative mortality were all 4.6%. The 36-month survival was 95.4% ± 1.6% for the cohort with a low European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (9). Echocardiographic data preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively showed peak transvalvular gradients of 75 ± 23, 17 ± 6, 18 ± 6.5, 16 ± 6, and 16 ± 9 mm Hg, respectively (P SOLO stentless aortic valve has excellent early and intermediate-term results. Published by Mosby, Inc.

  16. Análise física de um solo argiloso cimentado e contaminado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Rojas

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a influência da quantidade de cimento, da porosidade, da umidade de moldagem e do contaminante sobre o comportamento físico de um solo argiloso artificialmente cimentado. O programa experimental consistiu em caracterizar os materiais utilizados e analisar fisicamente a mistura solo-cimento-contaminante, através de ensaios de resistência à compressão simples. O contaminante utilizado nesta pesquisa foi o resíduo borra oleosa ácida, oriundo de uma refinaria que realiza o re-processamento de óleos lubrificantes. Para a obtenção dos parâmetros de moldagem (peso específico máximo seco e umidade ótima do solo natural e das misturas solo/cimento e solo/cimento/contaminante, foram realizados ensaios de compactação com energia Proctor normal, intermediária e modificada. Os resultados, quanto à caracterização, apresentaram um material argiloso, oriundo de rochas riodacitos; quanto à resistência à compressão simples observou-se que a quantidade de cimento exerceu um efeito de acréscimo de resistência do material. Verificou-se que o aumento da massa específica aparente seca influenciou no ganho de resistência para um mesmo teor de cimento adotado, sendo que o acréscimo de resistência foi maior para teores de 20% de cimento, quando comparado com teores de 5%. Concluiu-se que a quantidade de cimento e a diminuição da porosidade ocorrida pela maior densificação influenciam em ganho de resistência e menor consumo de cimento. A variação de umidade de moldagem, mantendo-se constante o peso específico aparente seco, afetou a resistência à compressão simples do solo cimentado contaminado.

  17. Teores naturais de bário em solos de referência do estado de Pernambuco

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Caroline Miranda Biondi

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available O bário (Ba é um metal alcalino terroso de ocorrência natural no solo. É constituinte de carbonatos, sulfatos e silicatos e ocorre como substituto isomórfico de elementos como Ca e K nos minerais. Quando disponível em elevados teores no solo, o Ba pode causar toxidez a diversos organismos vivos. Para considerar que determinado solo está livre de contaminação por esse elemento, faz-se necessário conhecer os teores de Ba nesse solo em condição natural. Portanto, a determinação de teores naturais de Ba em solos é essencial para a construção de uma legislação que sirva de base ao monitoramento e remediação de áreas contaminadas por esse elemento e que seja adequada à realidade pedológica local. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os teores naturais de Ba como base de referência de qualidade para os Solos de Referência do Estado de Pernambuco. Foram coletadas amostras dos dois primeiros horizontes dos 35 perfis de referência, as quais foram submetidas à digestão ácida em micro-ondas (método 3051A. Nos extratos obtidos foi efetuada a determinação dos teores de Ba por ICP-OES. Observaram-se teores de Ba superiores aos valores de prevenção e de investigação estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira (CONAMA, 2009, corroborando a necessidade de maior conhecimento das diversidades regionais para a elaboração de normas nacionais. Os teores naturais de Ba determinados nos solos podem ser utilizados como base para a definição dos valores de referência de qualidade para Ba nos solos de Pernambuco, de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação nacional.

  18. Taxonaut: an application software for comparative display of multiple taxonomies with a use case of GBIF Species API.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ytow, Nozomi

    2016-01-01

    The Species API of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) provides public access to taxonomic data aggregated from multiple data sources. Each data source follows its own classification which can be inconsistent with classifications from other sources. Even with a reference classification e.g. the GBIF Backbone taxonomy, a comprehensive method to compare classifications in the data aggregation is essential, especially for non-expert users. A Java application was developed to compare multiple taxonomies graphically using classification data acquired from GBIF's ChecklistBank via the GBIF Species API. It uses a table to display taxonomies where each column represents a taxonomy under comparison, with an aligner column to organise taxa by name. Each cell contains the name of a taxon if the classification in that column contains the name. Each column also has a cell showing the hierarchy of the taxonomy by a folder metaphor where taxa are aligned and synchronised in the aligner column. A set of those comparative tables shows taxa categorised by relationship between taxonomies. The result set is also available as tables in an Excel format file.

  19. Disclosure of sperm donation: a comparison between solo mother and two-parent families with identifiable donors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Freeman, Tabitha; Zadeh, Sophie; Smith, Venessa; Golombok, Susan

    2016-11-01

    Disclosure of donor conception to children was compared between solo mother and two-parent families with children aged 4-8 years conceived since the removal of donor anonymity in the UK. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 heterosexual solo mothers and 47 heterosexual mothers with partners to investigate their decisions and experiences about identifiable donation and disclosure to their children. No significant difference was found in the proportion of mothers in each family type who had told their children about their donor conception (solo mothers 54.8%; partnered mothers 36.2%). Of those who had not told, a significantly higher proportion of solo mothers than partnered mothers intended to disclose (P parents will tell their children about their origins or their entitlement to request the identity of their donor at the age of 18 years. Further qualitative research would increase understanding of solo mothers' attitudes towards disclosure. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

  20. Eficiência relativa de fertilizantes fosfatados no crescimento inicial de eucalipto cultivado em solos do cerrado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J.L. Gava

    1997-09-01

    Full Text Available Tendo como objetivo avaliar a eficiência relativa do superfosfato simples (SS, fosfato parcialmente acidulado (FAPS e termofosfato magnesiano (TERM como fonte de P e outros nutrientes para o cultivo de plantações de eucalipto, em dois solos da região dos Cerrados, uma areia quartzosa (50 g kg-1 de argila álica e um latossolo vermelho-escuro (230 g kg-1 de argila álico, foi realizado este experimento, sob condições de casa de vegetação, na ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba (SP, em 1993. Subamostras do AQ receberam 0, 75, 150 e 300 mg kg-1 de P e, do LE, 0, 125, 250 e 500 mg kg-1 de P no solo. As doses de P foram estimadas com base na solubilidade dos adubos; SS e FAPS, em citrato de amônio, e TERM, em ácido cítrico 20 g L-1. Em cada vaso (5 kg de solo, deixou-se uma planta de Eucalyptus grandis por 90 dias após a emergência e desbaste das plântulas. Paralelamente ao experimento em casa de vegetação, subamostras de todos os tratamentos, com 2 kg de solo, foram incubadas no interior de sacos plásticos por 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 e 80 dias. Ao término de cada período de incubação, os solos eram amostrados e analisados. Mediante o cálculo de índices de eficiência relativa entre os adubos, verificou-se que o TERM foi superior 64% ao SS e 57% ao FAPS no solo AQ. No LE, o SS foi superior 55% ao TERM e 34% ao FAPS. O TERM foi a fonte de P que promoveu os maiores acréscimos do nível de fertilidade dos solos, com expressiva elevação do pH do solo, redução das concentrações de Al e aumento daquelas de Ca e Mg. Os ganhos de produção das mudas de eucalipto foram altamente correlacionados com a absorção de P, K, Ca, Mg e Zn. O TERM proporcionou as maiores absorções desses nutrientes no solo AQ e, as menores, de P, Ca e Zn no LE. As distintas respostas de crescimento para os adubos avaliados, em ambos os solos, sobretudo para TERM e SS, foram atribuídas, em grande parte, aos efeitos secundários das fontes de P sobre a fertilidade dos

  1. FATORES QUE CONTROLAM A TEMPERATURA DE SUPERFÍCIE DOS SOLOS DO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ

    OpenAIRE

    Otávio Cristiano Montanher; Danilo Rafael Bastos Rezende Espíndola

    2017-01-01

    Este artigo apresenta um estudo da temperatura de superfície de solos da região noroeste do Estado do Paraná. Essa região possui duas formações rochosas predominantes: formação Caiuá (Kc) e formação Serra Geral (JKsg). Os solos que se desenvolvem sobre essas formações possuem texturas arenosas e argilosas. Formulou-se a seguinte questão: em total exposição, tais solos possuem diferentes valores de temperatura de superfície? Adicionalmente, também foi avaliado o papel térmico da cobertura vege...

  2. Reexamining organizational configurations: an update, validation, and expansion of the taxonomy of health networks and systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dubbs, Nicole L; Bazzoli, Gloria J; Shortell, Stephen M; Kralovec, Peter D

    2004-02-01

    To (a) assess how the original cluster categories of hospital-led health networks and systems have changed over time; (b) identify any new patterns of cluster configurations; and (c) demonstrate how additional data can be used to refine and enhance the taxonomy measures. DATA SOURCES; 1994 and 1998 American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey of Hospitals. As in the original taxonomy, separate cluster solutions are identified for health networks and health systems by applying three strategic/structural dimensions (differentiation, integration, and centralization) to three components of the health service/product continuum (hospital services, physician arrangements, and provider-based insurance activities). Factor, cluster, and discriminant analyses are used to analyze the 1998 data. Descriptive and comparative methods are used to analyze the updated 1998 taxonomy relative to the original 1994 version. The 1998 cluster categories are similar to the original taxonomy, however, they reveal some new organizational configurations. For the health networks, centralization of product/service lines is occurring more selectively than in the past. For the health systems, participation has grown in and dispersed across a more diverse set of decentralized organizational forms. For both networks and systems, the definition of centralization has changed over time. In its updated form, the taxonomy continues to provide policymakers and practitioners with a descriptive and contextual framework against which to assess organizational programs and policies. There is a need to continue to revisit the taxonomy from time to time because of the persistent evolution of the U.S. health care industry and the consequent shifting of organizational configurations in this arena. There is also value in continuing to move the taxonomy in the direction of refinement/expansion as new opportunities become available.

  3. An Empirical Taxonomy of Crowdfunding Intermediaries

    OpenAIRE

    Haas, Philipp; Blohm, Ivo; Leimeister, Jan Marco

    2014-01-01

    Due to the recent popularity of crowdfunding, a broad magnitude of crowdfunding intermediaries has emerged, while research on crowdfunding intermediaries has been largely neglected. As a consequence, existing classifications of crowdfunding intermediaries are conceptual, lack theoretical grounding, and are not empirically validated. Thus, we develop an empirical taxonomy of crowdfunding intermediaries, which is grounded in the theories of two-sided markets and financial intermediation. Integr...

  4. Comportamento dinâmico de um modelo simples solo-estrutura

    OpenAIRE

    Gonçalves, Fábio André Vaz

    2012-01-01

    Dissertação para obtencão do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil - Perfil Estruturas O comportamento de uma estrutura sujeita a cargas dinâmicas depende de características como a massa, a rigidez dos vários elementos e da capacidade de dissipação de energia. A resposta dinâmica da estrutura apoiada num solo depende das propriedades dinâmicas dos dois sistemas. A resposta do sistema é influenciada pelos efeitos de interacção solo-estrutura. Nesta dissertação estudou-se um m...

  5. The HCBS Taxonomy- A New Language for Classifying Home...

    Data.gov (United States)

    U.S. Department of Health & Human Services — The home- and community-based services (HCBS) taxonomy provides a common language for describing and categorizing HCBS across Medicaid programs. Prior to the...

  6. Análise de agregados de solos Soil aggregate analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Grohmann

    1960-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho apresentamos o método de análise de agregados estáveis de solos, pela peneiragem lenta, em água. Em tal método seleciona-se do massa do solo uma subamostra de 25 gramas, que é empregada na determinação dos agregados do solo. Obtém-se, dêsse modo, uma distribuição de agregados estáveis em água, em várias classes de tamanhos. Como prétratamento usou-se o umedecimento lento do amostra, por meio de um atomizador, e repouso de 24 horas antes de se proceder à análise. Êste prétratamento aumentou a estabilidade dos agregados. Os resultados da agregação são apresentados como porcentagem dos agregados maiores que uma classe de tamanho tomada como base. A representação da agregação a partir do diâmetro médio compensado é um ótimo índice da agregação do solo. Vários métodos podem ser usados para representar a agregação de um solo, a partir dos resultados obtidos pela peneiragem em água. Dentre êstes, os mais recomendáveis são aquêles que se utilizam de um simples número para sua representação. Dois tipos de solos com usos variáveis foram estudados: massapê e terra-roxa-legítima.The wet-sieving method as a measure of the size distribution of water-stable aggregates, is presented. Two types of soils are studied. Twenty five grs of a sub-sample of the total mass of soil was taken. The aggregate analysis reported in this paper were made on soil samples that were dry-sieved to pass through a 7 mm sieve and be retained on a 4 mm sieve. The pretreatment of the sample showed an increase in water-stable aggregates. The samples were moisted by a fine spray with an atomizer. The results of aggregation ore presented by the selection of one single size class for comparative studies. Procedures which utilize all size fractions to express aggregation are the best method to express the results. The fraction greater than 2.000 mm of the soil studied in this paper showed a very high aggregation when in

  7. Application of the ultrametric distance to portfolio taxonomy. Critical approach and comparison with other methods

    Science.gov (United States)

    Skórnik-Pokarowska, Urszula; Orłowski, Arkadiusz

    2004-12-01

    We calculate the ultrametric distance between the pairs of stocks that belong to the same portfolio. The ultrametric distance allows us to distinguish groups of shares that are related. In this way, we can construct a portfolio taxonomy that can be used for constructing an efficient portfolio. We also construct a portfolio taxonomy based not only on stock prices but also on economic indices such as liquidity ratio, debt ratio and sales profitability ratio. We show that a good investment strategy can be obtained by applying to the portfolio chosen by the taxonomy method the so-called Constant Rebalanced Portfolio.

  8. Developing a Gap Taxonomy to Address Crew Health Risks in NASA's Human Research Program

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kundrot, Craig E.; Edwards, J. Michelle

    2009-01-01

    The mission of NASA's Human Research Program (HRP) is to understand and reduce the risk to crew health and performance in exploration missions. The HRP addresses 27 specific risks by identifying and then filling gaps in understanding the risks and in the ability to disposition the risks. The primary bases for identifying gaps have been past experience and requirements definition. This approach has been very effective in identifying some important, relevant gaps, but may be inadequate for identifying gaps outside the past experience base. We are exploring the use of a gap taxonomy as a comprehensive, underlying conceptual framework that allows a more systematic identification of gaps. The taxonomy is based on these stages in medical care: prediction, prevention, detection/diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, rehabilitation, and lifetime surveillance. This gap taxonomy approach identifies new gaps in HRP health risks. Many of the new gaps suggest risk reduction approaches that are more cost effective than present approaches. A major benefit of the gap taxonomy approach is to identify new, economical approaches that reduce the likelihood and/or consequence of a risk.

  9. The Effects of Musician's Earplugs on Acoustic and Perceptual Measures of Choral and Solo Sound.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cook-Cunningham, Sheri L

    2017-10-25

    The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of earplugs on acoustical and perceptual measures of choral and solo sound. The researcher tested the effects of musician's earplugs on choral and solo timbre and singer perceptions. Members of an intact women's university choir recorded Dona Nobis Pacem under two conditions, no earplugs and with earplugs over time. Approximately half of the choir members also participated as soloists, recording Over the Rainbow under the same two conditions. All recordings were analyzed using long-term average spectra (LTAS). After participating in each recording session, the participants responded to a questionnaire about ability to hear self (solo and choral context) and ability to hear others (choral context) under two conditions, no earplugs and with earplugs. LTAS results revealed that wearing earplugs in a choral setting caused decreased mean signal energy (>1 dB), resulting in less resonant singing. LTAS results also indicated that wearing earplugs in a solo setting had less effect on mean signal energy, resulting in a mean difference solo setting. Findings from this study could provide important information when structuring hearing conservation strategies. Copyright © 2017 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  10. ATIVIDADE DO ALUMÍNIO NA SOLUÇÃO DO SOLO DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO DISTRÓFICO SUBMETIDO AO MANEJO DO SOLO E DE CULTURAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvio Tulio Spera

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a interação do manejo do solo e de culturas nos atributos químicos da solução de solo referentes à porcentagem e atividade de formas de Al tóxico de camadas de solo entre 0 a 20 cm. As amostras foram provenientes de experimento conduzido em Passo Fundo, RS, em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, com mais de duas décadas de cultivo sem aplicação de calcário. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, em esquema de subparcelas. Os tratamentos foram: plantio direto (PD, cultivo mínimo com escarificador (PM e preparo convencional com arado e grade (PC, combinados com as rotações de culturas: trigo/soja (R1; trigo/soja - ervilhaca/sorgo (R2 e trigo/soja - ervilhaca/sorgo - aveia branca/soja (R3, para avaliar o efeito da interação destas rotações com o tipo de manejo de solo no rendimento de grãos (RG, na massa seca da parte aérea (MS e nos atributos químicos da solução do solo referentes à porcentagem e atividade de formas de Al tóxico, nas camadas de 0 a 6,7 cm e de 6,8 a 20 cm. Uma floresta subtropical adjacente foi amostrada com a finalidade de se balizar os valores originais dos atributos avaliados. Não houve correlações entre o RG e a MS e os atributos de solo avaliados, em ambas as camadas, mesmo havendo diferenças de níveis de restrições físicas e químicas entre as camadas. Os atributos químicos da solução do solo não foram influenciados pela interação dos fatores estudados, sendo pouco influenciados pela rotação de culturas. O plantio direto propiciou maiores valores de carbono orgânico dissolvido e menor teor e atividade de Al na solução. Palavra-chave: acidez; sistema plantio direto, preparo convencional, química do solo.ACTIVITY ALUMINIUM ON THE SOIL SOLUTION OF A TYPIC HAPLUSTOX UNDER SOIL AND CROP MANAGEMENTS ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction of soil and crop managements in chemical attributes on soil solution

  11. A Preliminary Bloom's Taxonomy Assessment of End-of-Chapter Problems in Business School Textbooks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marshall, Jennings B.; Carson, Charles M.

    2008-01-01

    This article examines textbook problems used in a sampling of some of the most common core courses found in schools of business to ascertain what level of learning, as defined by Bloom's Taxonomy, is required to provide a correct answer. A set of working definitions based on Bloom's Taxonomy (Bloom & Krathwohl, 1956) was developed for the six…

  12. Failure Modes Taxonomy for Reliability Assessment of Digital Instrumentation and Control Systems for Probabilistic Risk Analysis - Failure modes taxonomy for reliability assessment of digital I and C systems for PRA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Amri, A.; Blundell, N.; ); Authen, S.; Betancourt, L.; Coyne, K.; Halverson, D.; Li, M.; Taylor, G.; Bjoerkman, K.; Brinkman, H.; Postma, W.; Bruneliere, H.; Chirila, M.; Gheorge, R.; Chu, L.; Yue, M.; Delache, J.; Georgescu, G.; Deleuze, G.; Quatrain, R.; Thuy, N.; Holmberg, J.-E.; Kim, M.C.; Kondo, K.; Mancini, F.; Piljugin, E.; Stiller, J.; Sedlak, J.; Smidts, C.; Sopira, V.

    2015-01-01

    Digital protection and control systems appear as upgrades in older nuclear power plants (NPP), and are commonplace in new NPPs. To assess the risk of NPP operation and to determine the risk impact of digital systems, there is a need to quantitatively assess the reliability of the digital systems in a justifiable manner. Due to the many unique attributes of digital systems (e.g., functions are implemented by software, units of the system interact in a communication network, faults can be identified and handled online), a number of modelling and data collection challenges exist, and international consensus on the reliability modelling has not yet been reached. The objective of the task group called DIGREL has been to develop a taxonomy of failure modes of digital components for the purposes of probabilistic risk analysis (PRA). An activity focused on the development of a common taxonomy of failure modes is seen as an important step towards standardised digital instrumentation and control (I and C) reliability assessment techniques for PRA. Needs from PRA has guided the work, meaning, e.g., that the I and C system and its failures are studied from the point of view of their functional significance point of view. The taxonomy will be the basis of future modelling and quantification efforts. It will also help to define a structure for data collection and to review PRA studies. The proposed failure modes taxonomy has been developed by first collecting examples of taxonomies provided by the task group organisations. This material showed some variety in the handling of I and C hardware failure modes, depending on the context where the failure modes have been defined. Regarding the software part of I and C, failure modes defined in NPP PRAs have been simple - typically a software CCF failing identical processing units. The DIGREL task group has defined a new failure modes taxonomy based on a hierarchical definition of five levels of abstraction: 1. system level (complete

  13. Viabilidade de escleródios de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum e incidência de fungos antagonistas em solo de Cerrado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leila de Castro Louback Ferraz

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available A viabilidade de escleródios de Sclerotinia sclerotiorum foi avaliada durante oito meses em três solos de Cerrado cultivados. Escleródios produzidos "in vitro", mantidos em invólucros de náilon perfurados, foram enterrados a 5 cm de profundidade, em solos previamente fumigados ou não fumigados com brometo de metila. Após 10 dias de incubação, os escleródios foram examinados quanto à viabilidade e a presença de fungos antagônicos. A viabilidade foi estimada através do número de escleródios germinados 7 dias após plaqueamento em meio semi seletivo Neon-S. A viabilidade dos escleródios variou com o solo de Cerrado. Escleródios incubados em solos não fumigados com brometo de metila apresentaram menor viabilidade e maior presença de fungos antagônicos, indicando que estes solos contêm elementos supressivos de origem biológica. A viabilidade dos escleródios foi relacionada negativamente com a população de alguns microorganismos de solo. Nos tratamentos de maior incidência de Trichoderma spp. observou-se menor viabilidade de escleródios e solos fumigados suprimiram fortemente a ocorrência deste antagonista.

  14. A cyber kill chain based taxonomy of banking Trojans for evolutionary computational intelligence

    OpenAIRE

    Kiwia, D; Dehghantanha, A; Choo, K-KR; Slaughter, J

    2017-01-01

    Malware such as banking Trojans are popular with financially-motivated cybercriminals. Detection of banking Trojans remains a challenging task, due to the constant evolution of techniques used to obfuscate and circumvent existing detection and security solutions. Having a malware taxonomy can facilitate the design of mitigation strategies such as those based on evolutionary computational intelligence. Specifically, in this paper, we propose a cyber kill chain based taxonomy of banking Trojans...

  15. Computer-assisted tree taxonomy by automated image recognition

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Pauwels, E.J.; Zeeuw, P.M.de; Ranguelova, E.B.

    2009-01-01

    We present an algorithm that performs image-based queries within the domain of tree taxonomy. As such, it serves as an example relevant to many other potential applications within the field of biodiversity and photo-identification. Unsupervised matching results are produced through a chain of

  16. Cultivo sem solo do morangueiro Strawberry soilless cultivation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Giménez

    2008-02-01

    Full Text Available O morangueiro é uma cultura importante em vários países, principalmente nos Estados Unidos e na Europa, por suas características sensoriais, propriedades nutritivas e por sua rentabilidade. O cultivo comercial sem solo de morangueiro está bem desenvolvido na Europa, onde tem permitido um aumento da produtividade e qualidade da produção assim como a ampliação da oferta do produto ao longo do ano. Predomina o sistema aberto, em sacolas ou vasos com diferentes tipos de substratos, utilizando-se densidades de 8 a 12plantas m-2. As produtividades obtidas estão entre 5 e 10kg m-2. Para isolar as plantas do solo e facilitar o manejo da cultura, os vasos ou sacolas são suspensos a uma altura entre 0,8 e 1m da superfície do solo. A composição da solução nutritiva é variável, refletindo as diferentes condições produtivas. As mudas são produzidas principalmente em bandejas com substrato, a partir de pontas de estolões obtidas da multiplicação de plantas matrizes provenientes da propagação in vitro. No Brasil, o cultivo sem solo de morangueiro é ainda incipiente e os resultados produtivos e econômicos têm sido insatisfatórios, principalmente por falta de informações de pesquisas capazes de indicar sistemas apropriados de cultivo para as condições locais. É necessário desenvolver sistemas sustentáveis, preferencialmente fechados, combinando alta produtividade e elevada eficiência de utilização da água e dos nutrientes. No presente trabalho, são revisados os principais aspectos da produção em sistemas de cultivo sem solo de mudas e fruta de morangueiro. São descritos a produção de mudas, os sistemas e as soluções nutritivas empregadas em diferentes países. Ao final, são feitas inferências sobre a possibilidade de adoção e geração do sistema de cultivo sem solo apropriado para as condições brasileiras.Strawberry is a very important crop in Europe and USA due to its nutritional and sensorial

  17. Solubilidade de metais pesados em solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Oliveira

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available Os lodos de esgoto são materiais orgânicos ricos em nutrientes com potencial para o uso agrícola. A utilização desses materiais, no entanto, pode ser limitada pela presença de metais pesados na sua composição. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivos: (a avaliar a solubilidade de Cd, Pb e Zn em dois tipos de solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido com esses metais; (b verificar o efeito do tempo de contato nas mudanças da distribuição de Cd, Pb e Zn nas diferentes formas químicas de dois solos tratados com lodo de esgoto enriquecido com esses metais; (c verificar a influência das frações inorgânicas e orgânicas do lodo na dinâmica destes metais no solo. O enriquecimento do lodo de esgoto consistiu em adicionar Cd, Pb e Zn a um lodo de esgoto urbano produzido na Estação de Tratamento da Ilha do Governador (ETIG, Rio de Janeiro (RJ. Após 20 dias de incubação, sob umidade constante (50 % g g-1, o lodo enriquecido foi utilizado para a instalação de experimentos em amostras de duas classes de solos: Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LV e Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (PV. Em laboratório, as amostras dos solos foram incubadas com quantidades equivalentes a 0; 20; 40 e 80 t ha-1 de lodo de esgoto enriquecido. Nos tempos de contato solo-lodo enriquecido de 4, 12, 16, 24 e 160 semanas, amostras de solos foram retiradas e submetidas à extração seqüencial de Cd, Pb e Zn. Observou-se, através da extração seqüencial, que compostos orgânicos solúveis formaram complexos, principalmente com cádmio e zinco, mantendo teores elevados destes elementos associados à fração solúvel em água durante todo o período experimental. A incorporação de compostos inorgânicos de Fe e Mn, através do lodo de esgoto, permitiu que o Cd, Pb e Zn se ligassem em sua maior parte, à fração extraível com hidroxilamina. Com o tempo de incubação, observou-se decréscimo dessa fração com aumento da fração residual, indicando decréscimo na

  18. Cognitive predictors and moderators of winter depression treatment outcomes in cognitive-behavioral therapy vs. light therapy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sitnikov, Lilya; Rohan, Kelly J; Evans, Maggie; Mahon, Jennifer N; Nillni, Yael I

    2013-12-01

    There is no empirical basis for determining which seasonal affective disorder (SAD) patients are best suited for what type of treatment. Using data from a parent clinical trial comparing light therapy (LT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and their combination (CBT + LT) for SAD, we constructed hierarchical linear regression models to explore baseline cognitive vulnerability constructs (i.e., dysfunctional attitudes, negative automatic thoughts, response styles) as prognostic and prescriptive factors of acute and next winter depression outcomes. Cognitive constructs did not predict or moderate acute treatment outcomes. Baseline dysfunctional attitudes and negative automatic thoughts were prescriptive of next winter treatment outcomes. Participants with higher baseline levels of dysfunctional attitudes and negative automatic thoughts had less severe depression the next winter if treated with CBT than if treated with LT. In addition, participants randomized to solo LT who scored at or above the sample mean on these cognitive measures at baseline had more severe depressive symptoms the next winter relative to those who scored below the mean. Baseline dysfunctional attitudes and negative automatic thoughts did not predict treatment outcomes in participants assigned to solo CBT or CBT + LT. Therefore, SAD patients with extremely rigid cognitions did not fare as well in the subsequent winter if treated initially with solo LT. Such patients may be better suited for initial treatment with CBT, which directly targets cognitive vulnerability processes. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. An updated taxonomy for characterizing hackers according to their threat properties

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hald, Sara Ligaard; Pedersen, Jens Myrup

    2012-01-01

    The objective of this paper is to give an up-to-date terminology for and categorization of hackers on the Internet, and to characterize each category of hackers by their threat properties. To be able to prioritize defense efforts, security experts need an accurate taxonomy of attackers...... for the production of detailed and precise threat assessments. We take an existing taxonomy for hackers and update it to correspond to the terminology used by hackers and security experts. Also, the categories of hackers are updated to reflect the threat properties demonstrated in recent attacks, and each category...

  20. Relação solo-paisagem-material de origem e gênese de alguns solos no domínio do "Mar de Morros", Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    W. A. G. A. Nunes

    2001-06-01

    Full Text Available Pouco se conhece sobre os solos desenvolvidos ou influenciados por materiais máficos na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, embora muitos estudos tenham sido efetuados nos domínios cristalinos gnáissicos, notadamente com Latossolos e Podzólicos de terraço. Para preencher esta lacuna, foram amostrados os horizontes A e B ou A e C de solos em duas topolitosseqüências. A primeira, localizada na Serra de Guiricema, com drenagem orientada para a bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul, compreendeu um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA no topo da serra, um Chernossolo Argilúvico (MT, um Vertissolo (V e um Nitossolo Vermelho (NV no terço médio. Da segunda topolitosseqüência, localizada na Depressão de Ponte Nova, com drenagem para a bacia do Rio Doce, fizeram parte um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, dois Nitossolos Vermelhos, um Chernossolo Argilúvico, um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (PVA, um Gleissolo (GX e um Neossolo Flúvico (RU. Adicionalmente, foi coletado, no Planalto de Viçosa, o horizonte B de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo sobre intrusão de anfibolito, fora das duas topolitosseqüências já citadas, para efeito de comparação. Os solos desenvolvidos a partir dos anfibolitos/diabásio (NV, MT e V tenderam a ser eutróficos e cauliníticos, com a participação de argilominerais 2:1 (ilita e esmectita, possivelmente como interestratificados, quando menos intemperizados. A baixa relação Feo/Fed nos Latossolos estudados indica o predomínio de formas de ferro de maior grau de cristalinidade, sendo mais elevada no caso dos Nitossolos, em consonância com o menor grau de evolução destes. O Latossolo coletado sobre dique de material máfico apresentou características químicas similares às dos Latossolos desenvolvidos de gnaisse da região, indicando tratar-se de solo proveniente desta rocha, cobrindo o dique como material retrabalhado. A biotita e o anfibólio presentes no gnaisse são os minerais que contribuem para os teores de Fe2O3 acima de 11 dag

  1. Using a behaviour change techniques taxonomy to identify active ingredients within trials of implementation interventions for diabetes care.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Presseau, Justin; Ivers, Noah M; Newham, James J; Knittle, Keegan; Danko, Kristin J; Grimshaw, Jeremy M

    2015-04-23

    Methodological guidelines for intervention reporting emphasise describing intervention content in detail. Despite this, systematic reviews of quality improvement (QI) implementation interventions continue to be limited by a lack of clarity and detail regarding the intervention content being evaluated. We aimed to apply the recently developed Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy version 1 (BCTTv1) to trials of implementation interventions for managing diabetes to assess the capacity and utility of this taxonomy for characterising active ingredients. Three psychologists independently coded a random sample of 23 trials of healthcare system, provider- and/or patient-focused implementation interventions from a systematic review that included 142 such studies. Intervention content was coded using the BCTTv1, which describes 93 behaviour change techniques (BCTs) grouped within 16 categories. We supplemented the generic coding instructions within the BCTTv1 with decision rules and examples from this literature. Less than a quarter of possible BCTs within the BCTTv1 were identified. For implementation interventions targeting providers, the most commonly identified BCTs included the following: adding objects to the environment, prompts/cues, instruction on how to perform the behaviour, credible source, goal setting (outcome), feedback on outcome of behaviour, and social support (practical). For implementation interventions also targeting patients, the most commonly identified BCTs included the following: prompts/cues, instruction on how to perform the behaviour, information about health consequences, restructuring the social environment, adding objects to the environment, social support (practical), and goal setting (behaviour). The BCTTv1 mapped well onto implementation interventions directly targeting clinicians and patients and could also be used to examine the impact of system-level interventions on clinician and patient behaviour. The BCTTv1 can be used to characterise

  2. Crescimento inicial de mudas de pinheira e goiabeira em solo salino-sódico com corretivos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jordânia Xavier de Medeiros

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do gesso agrícola sobre os atributos químicos de um solo salino-sódico e o crescimento de mudas de goiabeira e pinheira. O trabalho foi realizado em casa de vegetação da UFCG/CSTR em Patos, PB. Amostras de um solo salino-sódico foram obtidas do Perímetro Irrigado de São Gonçalo. O experimento constitui-se de um tipo de solo, duas espécies, três doses de gesso agrícola (00, 100 e 200% da NG e 4 repetições. As parcelas foram distribuídas em DIC. As sementes de pinha e goiaba foram semeadas em tubetes e após 30, as mudas foram transplantadas segundo padronização do diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas, altura e transferidas para os solos salinizados, observando o crescimento através de medições semanais da altura das plantas por um período de 104 dias. Houve redução significativa nos teores de sódio no solo com o aumento do nível de gesso aplicado, o mesmo ocorrendo para o pH e melhoria nas propriedades químicas do solo. As mudas apresentaram redução na altura, número de folhas, na massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz com a aplicação do corretivo. A aplicação de gesso em solos salino-sódico para cultivo de goiaba e pinha não apresentou resultados satisfatórios.

  3. Unidades de colheita: estratégia para evitar a compactação dos solos florestais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilson A. Milde

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Solos com umidade ótima de compactação menor que a capacidade de campo e solos com má drenagem são mais propensos a serem compactados nas operações de exploração florestal. O conhecimento dessas variáveis permite classificar os solos quanto à sua suscetibilidade à compactação, no entanto essas determinações demandam tempo, recursos e equipamentos específicos. Utilizando 13 solos florestais com ampla variação textural, das fazendas Ariona e Santa Rosa pertencentes à Cia. Suzano de Papel e Celulose, situadas no Estado de São Paulo, desenvolveu-se um índice, denominado diâmetro médio ponderado de partículas, que permitiu estimar a umidade ótima de compactação, a capacidade de campo e o limite líquido baseado apenas na distribuição de tamanho de partículas. Com base nessas características físicas e no consumo médio diário de água de um plantio de eucalipto, foram estabelecidas unidades de colheita a partir do número de dias de repouso necessários para o teor de água de um solo ficar abaixo da umidade ótima de compactação. Tais unidades agrupam solos que precisam do mesmo número de dias após uma chuva (0 a 10 dias para poderem ser explorados, visando diminuir o impacto da colheita florestal e, em consequência, evitar a necessidade de preparo do solo para diminuir a compactação provocada por essas operações.

  4. Testosterone-dependency of male solo song in a duetting songbird--evidence from females.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Voigt, Cornelia; Leitner, Stefan

    2013-01-01

    For male songbirds of the temperate zone there is a tight link between seasonal song behaviour and circulating testosterone levels. Such a relationship does not seem to hold for tropical species where singing can occur year-round and breeding seasons are often extended. White-browed sparrow weavers (Plocepasser mahali) are cooperatively breeding songbirds with a dominant breeding pair and male and female subordinates found in eastern and southern Africa. Each group defends an all-purpose territory year-round. While all group members sing duets and choruses, the most dominant male additionally sings a solo song that comprises a distinct and large syllable repertoire. Previous studies suggested this type of song being associated with reproduction but failed to support a relationship with males' circulating testosterone levels. The present study aimed to investigate the steroid hormone sensitivity of the solo song in more detail. We found that dominant males had significantly higher circulating testosterone levels than subordinates during the early and late breeding seasons. No changes in solo song characteristics were found between both time points. Further, experimental implantation of captive adult females with exogenous testosterone induced solo singing within one week of treatment. Such females produced male-typical song regarding overall structure and syllable composition. Sex differences existed, however, concerning singing activity, repertoire size and temporal organisation of song. These results suggest that solo singing in white-browed sparrow weavers is under the control of gonadal steroid hormones. Moreover, the behaviour is not male-specific but can be activated in females under certain conditions. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  5. Clinical evaluation of complete solo surgery with the "ViKY®" robotic laparoscope manipulator.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Takahashi, Masahiro; Takahashi, Masanori; Nishinari, Naoto; Matsuya, Hideki; Tosha, Tsutomu; Minagawa, Yukihiro; Shimooki, Osamu; Abe, Tadashi

    2017-02-01

    Advancement in both surgical technique and medical equipment has enabled solo surgery. ViKY ® Endoscope Positioning System (ViKY ® ) is a robotic system that remotely controls an endoscope and provides direct vision control to the surgeon. Here, we report our experience with ViKY ® -assisted solo surgery. We retrospectively examined 25 cases of solo surgery TAPP with ViKY ® . ViKY ® was setup by the surgeon alone, and the setup duration was determined as the time at which the side rail was positioned and that when the endoscope was installed. For assessing the control unit, the number of false movements was counted. We compared the operative results between ViKY ® -assisted solo surgery TAPP and the conventional method with an assistant. The average time to set up ViKY ® was 7.9 min. The average number of commands for ViKY ® during surgery was 98.3, and the average number of errors and no response of control unit was 7.9. The mean duration of surgery was 136 min for the ViKY ® group, including the setup time, and 117 min for the conventional method. No case required an assistant during the operation. There was also no difference between the two groups with regard to postoperative complications and the rate of recurrence. ViKY ® proved reliable in recognizing orders with very few failures, and the operations were performed safely and were comparable to the conventional operations with assistants. Solo surgery with ViKY ® was beneficial in this clinical evaluation.

  6. Taxonomies of Educational Objectives and Theories of Classification.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Travers, Robert M. W.

    1980-01-01

    Classification is the taxonomic science in which a system of categories is established and in which the categories have some logical structure. Scientific classifications have included those by Aristotle, Linnaeus, and Lavoisier. Educational taxonomies include those developed by Bloom, Herbart, Dewey, and Piaget. The problems of taxonomy…

  7. Estimativa da erodibilidade a partir de atributos de solos com horizonte B textural no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J.J.G.S.M. Marques

    1997-09-01

    Full Text Available Os métodos existentes para estimar a erodibilidade dos solos (fator K não se têm mostrado adequados quando aplicados a solos brasileiros. Este trabalho teve por objetivo o desenvolvimento de método indireto para estimar a erodibilidade, visando obter esse fator, a partir de propriedades do solo facilmente determináveis. Assim, os horizontes A e Bt (B textural de 22 solos de várias regiões geográficas do Brasil foram submetidos a diversas análises químicas e físicas, e a descrição morfológica do perfil foi considerada. Tais resultados (variáveis independentes foram submetidos à análise de regressão linear múltipla em "stepwise", e relacionados com a erodibilidade (fator K medida diretamente no campo (variável dependente. Obtiveram-se várias equações com graus crescentes de complexidade e precisão. A partir das variáveis selecionadas, tanto do horizonte A quanto do Bt, e da distribuição do tamanho das partículas, obtida com e sem dispersante químico, foi possível estimar, satisfatoriamente, a erodibilidade desses solos. As informações contidas na descrição morfológica dos perfis de solo, especialmente as referentes à estrutura, bem como os teores de carbono orgânico, foram de grande importância para a determinação indireta da erodibilidade (fator K.

  8. Mobilidade de metais pesados em solo tratado com resíduo siderúrgico ácido

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    N. M. B. Amaral Sobrinho

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available Amostras do horizonte Bt de um Podzólico Vermelho-Amarelo (PV, predominante no aterro-piloto de resíduos industriais (ARSI da Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN, foram acondicionadas, em 1992, em colunas de vidro com 5,4 cm de diâmetro e 37 cm de altura. Sobre essas amostras de solo foram colocadas amostras de um resíduo ácido da CSN na proporção solo-resíduo de 4:1 (conforme a concepção básica do projeto do ARSI. Tal sistema resíduo-solo foi lixiviado com 50 volumes-poro de água deionizada, com pH 4,5, com o objetivo de avaliar a movimentação de Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd e Pb nas colunas. Depois da lixiviação, removeu-se o resíduo do topo das colunas, e seccionaram-se as amostras de solo em 4 partes iguais. Os metais pesados das amostras do resíduo e do solo foram extraídos seqüencialmente. 0 Pb, Cu e Cr mobilizados do resíduo ficaram retidos nos primeiros 5 cm da coluna de solo. 0 Zn, Mn, Ni e Cd tiveram aumento da concentração em profundidade. Nos efluentes das colunas com o resíduo, foram observadas concentrações de Mn e Ni bem superiores aos padrões permitidos pela Fundação Estadual de Engenharia do Meio Ambiente (FEEMA, 1985.

  9. Surfacing the Iceberg of Leadership: A New Taxonomy of Leadership Concepts and Theories

    OpenAIRE

    Kaufman, EK; Cletzer, DA

    2017-01-01

    Leadership scholars have long sought to impose order on the numerous theories in leadership literature. While mid-level theories abound, no taxonomy exists to provide hierarchy and a mechanism for explaining how theories interrelate. This poster offers a new taxonomy for organizing leadership theories and concepts based on the metaphor of an iceberg. It invites leadership scholars to vet their own leadership courses and undergraduate leadership programs to determine the depth to which they ex...

  10. PRE-SERVICE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS’ CONCEPTION OF HIGHER-ORDER THINKING LEVEL IN BLOOM'S TAXONOMY

    OpenAIRE

    Damianus D Samo

    2017-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to explore pre-service mathematics teachers' conception of higher-order thinking in Bloom's Taxonomy, to explore pre-service mathematics teachers' ability in categorizing six cognitive levels of Bloom's Taxonomy as lower-order thinking and higher-order thinking, and pre-service mathematics teachers' ability in identifying some questionable items as lower-order and higher-order thinking. The higher-order thinking is the type of non-algorithm thinking which include ...

  11. "Communicate to vaccinate": the development of a taxonomy of communication interventions to improve routine childhood vaccination.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Willis, Natalie; Hill, Sophie; Kaufman, Jessica; Lewin, Simon; Kis-Rigo, John; De Castro Freire, Sara Bensaude; Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier; Glenton, Claire; Lin, Vivian; Robinson, Priscilla; Wiysonge, Charles S

    2013-05-11

    Vaccination is a cost-effective public health measure and is central to the Millennium Development Goal of reducing child mortality. However, childhood vaccination coverage remains sub-optimal in many settings. While communication is a key feature of vaccination programmes, we are not aware of any comprehensive approach to organising the broad range of communication interventions that can be delivered to parents and communities to improve vaccination coverage. Developing a classification system (taxonomy) organised into conceptually similar categories will aid in: understanding the relationships between different types of communication interventions; facilitating conceptual mapping of these interventions; clarifying the key purposes and features of interventions to aid implementation and evaluation; and identifying areas where evidence is strong and where there are gaps. This paper reports on the development of the 'Communicate to vaccinate' taxonomy. The taxonomy was developed in two stages. Stage 1 included: 1) forming an advisory group; 2) searching for descriptions of interventions in trials (CENTRAL database) and general health literature (Medline); 3) developing a sampling strategy; 4) screening the search results; 5) developing a data extraction form; and 6) extracting intervention data. Stage 2 included: 1) grouping the interventions according to purpose; 2) holding deliberative forums in English and French with key vaccination stakeholders to gather feedback; 3) conducting a targeted search of grey literature to supplement the taxonomy; 4) finalising the taxonomy based on the input provided. The taxonomy includes seven main categories of communication interventions: inform or educate, remind or recall, teach skills, provide support, facilitate decision making, enable communication and enhance community ownership. These categories are broken down into 43 intervention types across three target groups: parents or soon-to-be-parents; communities, community

  12. Website as Co-Created Decision Support System Towards Enhanced Experience of Solo City Tourism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Utomo Sarjono Putro

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract. The linkage among information-intensive era, technology, and tourism industry build inseparable genetic relationship which is supposed to be realized in practice. Let alone in this digital era, the urgency to exploit information to the next level resulted in the need to bring a higher game on the technology in order to manage information effectively and efficiently. Tourism industry is categorized as complex system regarding the components substituted it. The diverse elements which interact with dynamics pace give birth to complex tasks to manage by the responsible parties and consequently enhance experience in tourism industry. Competing with complex situation, computerized decision system is urgently needed to collect and also distribute accurate knowledge of tourism industry, collaborate with both supporting public and private sectors, and gain rationality for all stakeholders in the system. Solo city, known also as Surakarta and located in Central Java (Indonesia, is obliged to do its tourism industry justice as it is an important vehicle for regional development of the city. Tourism industry of Solo city represents the major and significant contributor to the local economy to the point where tourism is the brand of Solo city. Taking the prior research finding, value orchestration platform to promote tourism in batik Solo industrial cluster into the reference, this study improves the model by highlighting the duality function the tourism website supposed to have using hashtag (# minings principle as the latest user interface technology. This study proposes a collaborative website platform as a co-created decision support system to enhance tourism experience for tourist as consumer and optimize management process for Department of Culture and Tourism of Solo city as provider. Keywords: Decision support system, hashtag mining, service-dominant logic, solo city, tourism experience

  13. Crescimento de soja em solos em resposta a doses de Boro, calagem e textura do solo Soybean growth in response to boron dosages, liming and soil texture

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodinei Facco Pegoraro

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Neste trabalho, objetivou-se quantificar a produção de matéria seca e os conteúdos de B, Ca e Mg na cultura da soja cultivada em solos com diferentes texturas que receberam doses crescentes de B e calagem, e correlacionar o conteúdo de B absorvido pela planta com o teor de B recuperado com água e CaCl2 ferventes sob influência de doses de boro e a calagem aplicadas em três solos distintos. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 x 6, consistindo de três solos: textura arenosa (RQ, textura média (LVA1 e textura argilosa (LVA2, com e sem calagem, e seis doses de B (0; 1,5; 3; 6; 9 e 15 mg dm-3, em blocos casualizados com três repetições. Determinou-se o teor de B no solo extraível com água e CaCl2 ferventes após 45 dias da adição das doses de B aos solos, massa de matéria seca da parte aérea e os teores de B, Ca e Mg na soja. Os teores de B recuperado, tanto pela água fervente, quanto pelo CaCl2 fervente foram semelhantes nos três solos estudados e, apresentaram altas correlações com o conteúdo de B e o peso de matéria seca. As doses de B adicionadas aumentaram a sua absorção pelas plantas, mas causaram redução na produção de matéria seca da parte aérea nos solos RQ (textura arenosa, LVA1 (textura média e o LVA2 (textura argilosa com calagem, neste último solo, o efeito é minimizado na presença de maior teor de argila.This work aimed to quantify the dry matter production and the contents of B, Ca and Mg in soybean plants grown in soils with different textures, which received increasing doses of B, and liming. Additionally, it was correlated the B contents in the plants with the B recovered from the soil with boiling water and CaCl2. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a factorial 3 x 2 x 6 (three soils: sand texture (RQ, loamy sand (LVA1 and clayey (LVA2 textures; with and without liming; and six B doses: 0; 1,5; 3; 6; 9 and 15 mg dm-3 arranged in a entirely

  14. Towards a taxonomy of digital work

    OpenAIRE

    Mrass, Volkmar; Li, Mahei Manhai; Peters, Christoph

    2017-01-01

    Despite the increasing importance of digitization for economy and society, there is few structuring of the very heterogenous kinds of digital work. Representatives from business, politics and science need a basis for the development of strategies to encounter the challenges that result from this digitization. We aim at delivering a contribution to that basis by systematically investigating what different types of digital work exist and by developing a taxonomy. As a first important step towar...

  15. An inclusive taxonomy of behavioral biases

    OpenAIRE

    David Peón; Manel Antelo; Anxo Calvo-Silvosa

    2017-01-01

    This paper overviews the theoretical and empirical research on behavioral biases and their influence in the literature. To provide a systematic exposition, we present a unified framework that takes the reader through an original taxonomy, based on the reviews of relevant authors in the field. In particular, we establish three broad categories that may be distinguished: heuristics and biases; choices, values and frames; and social factors. We then describe the main biases within each category,...

  16. Initial experience with the Freedom Solo® stentless aortic valve in a low volume centre.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kolseth, Solveig Moss; Nordhaug, Dag; Stenseth, Roar; Wahba, Alexander

    2010-10-01

    Freedom Solo is a stentless biological aortic valve which is implanted supra-annularly with a single suture line. An increased risk of postoperative thrombocytopenia in the early postoperative period has been reported in recent studies. In our study we evaluated postoperative haemodynamic performance and thrombocyte-levels. Thirty seven patients who underwent valve implantation of the Sorin Freedom Solo stentless valve were included. The haemodynamic performance of the valve was evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography postoperatively at the fourth day (mean) and after a median of 4.2 months. The mean gradient (mmHg) of Freedom Solo was 7.5 at four days and 8.6 at 4.2 months. Postoperatively no patient had more than grade 1 leakage. Seven percent of the patients had a reduction of thrombocytes to less than 20% of the preoperative level. Seventy six percent had a minimum postoperative thrombocyte level less than 100*10(9)/L. The 30 days mortality in our patient material was zero. Implantation of the Freedom Solo valve was uncomplicated in our experience. Favourable transvalvular gradients and no significant leaks were found. In accordance with the literature, we found a high percentage of patients having a postoperative level of thrombocytes less than 100*10(9)/L after implantation of Freedom Solo.

  17. Styrkebaseret læring

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ledertoug, Mette Marie

    læringsdimensioner: Indhold-, drivkraft- og samspilsdimensionen. Denne model udbygges yderligere. For indholdsdimensionen tilføjes SOLO-taxonomi og teorien om transfer. For drivkraftdimensionen tilføjes Self-Determination Theory og for samspilsdimensionen tilføjes Eriksons psykosociale stadie teori samt forskning...

  18. Applying a Knowledge Management Taxonomy to Secondary Schools

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thambi, Melinda; O'Toole, Paddy

    2012-01-01

    The purpose of this article is to examine the relevance of a corporate-based taxonomy of knowledge management to secondary schooling. Do the principles of knowledge management from the corporate world translate to the world of education; specifically, secondary schooling? This article examines categories of knowledge management articulated in…

  19. Thermophilic fungi in the new age of fungal taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Oliveira, Tássio Brito; Gomes, Eleni; Rodrigues, Andre

    2015-01-01

    Thermophilic fungi are of wide interest due to their potential to produce heat-tolerant enzymes for biotechnological processes. However, the taxonomy of such organisms remains obscure, especially given new developments in the nomenclature of fungi. Here, we examine the taxonomy of the thermophilic fungi most commonly used in industry in light of the recent taxonomic changes following the adoption of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants and also based on the movement One Fungus = One Name. Despite the widespread use of these fungi in applied research, several thermotolerant fungi still remain classified as thermophiles. Furthermore, we found that while some thermophilic fungi have had their genomes sequenced, many taxa still do not have barcode sequences of reference strains available in public databases. This lack of basic information is a limiting factor for the species identification of thermophilic fungi and for metagenomic studies in this field. Based on next-generation sequencing, such studies generate large amounts of data, which may reveal new species of thermophilic fungi in different substrates (composting systems, geothermal areas, piles of plant material). As discussed in this study, there are intrinsic problems associated with this method, considering the actual state of the taxonomy of thermophilic fungi. To overcome such difficulties, the taxonomic classification of this group should move towards standardizing the commonly used species names in industry and to assess the possibility of including new systems for describing species based on environmental sequences.

  20. Nilai-nilai Modal Sosial Yang Terkandung Dalam Perkembangan Pariwisata (Studi Kota Solo)

    OpenAIRE

    Kusuma, Arifin Fafan K; Darwanto

    2015-01-01

    Solo City is a city with the second highest visit in Central Java. Development of tourism in the city of Solo is not separated from the role of community participation in developing tourism in this city. Public participation can not be separated from the tourism economy. Embedded value of social capital is one of the things that make up the community participation in tourism development. Collective action in the form of public participation can be a catalyst driving the tourism sector in orde...

  1. Implementation of a novel taxonomy based on cognitive work analysis in the assessment of safety performance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Niskanen, Toivo

    2017-12-12

    The aim of this study was to examine how the developed taxonomy of cognitive work analysis (CWA) can be applied in combination with statistical analysis regarding different sociotechnical categories. This study applied a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Workers (n = 120) and managers (n = 85) in the chemical industry were asked in a questionnaire how different occupational safety and health (OSH) measures were being implemented. The exploration of the qualitative CWA taxonomy consisted of an analysis of the following topics: (a) work domain; (b) control task; (c) strategies; (d) social organization and cooperation; (e) worker competencies. The following hypotheses were supported - activities of the management had positive impacts on the aggregated variables: near-accident investigation and instructions (H 1 ); OSH training (H 2 ); operations, technical processes and safe use of chemicals (H 3 ); use of personal protective equipment (H 4 ); measuring, follow-up and prevention of major accidents (H 5 ). The CWA taxonomy was applied in mixed methods when testing H 1 -H 5 . A special approach is to analyze the work demands of complex sociotechnical systems with the taxonomy of CWA. In problem-solving, the CWA taxonomy should seek to capitalize on the strengths and minimize the limitations of safety performance.

  2. Developing a taxonomy for the science of improvement in public health.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Riley, William; Lownik, Beth; Halverson, Paul; Parrotta, Carmen; Godsall, Jonathan R; Gyllstrom, Elizabeth; Gearin, Kimberly J; Mays, Glen

    2012-11-01

    Quality improvement (QI) methods have been used for almost a decade in public health departments to increase effectiveness and efficiency. Although results are rapidly accumulating, the evidence for the science of improvement is shallow and limited. To advance the use and effectiveness of QI in public health, it is important to develop a science of improvement using practice-based research to build an evidence base for QI projects. This purpose of this study is to advance the science of improvement in public health departments with 3 objectives: (1) establish a taxonomy of QI projects in public health, (2) categorize QI projects undertaken in health departments using the taxonomy, and (3) create an opportunity modes and effects analysis. This study is a qualitative analysis of archival data from 2 separate large databases consisting of 51 QI projects undertaken in public health departments over the last 5 years. The study involves 2 separate QI collaboratives. One includes Minnesota health departments; the other is a national collaborative. We propose a standardized case definition, common metrics, and a taxonomy of QI projects to begin building the evidence base for QI in public health and to advance the science of continuous quality improvement. All projects created an aim statement and used metrics while 53% used a specific QI model with an average of 3.25 QI techniques per project. Approximately 40% of the projects incorporated a process control methodology, and 60% of the projects identified the process from beginning to end, while 11 of 12 PHAB (Public Health Accreditation Board) domains were included. The findings provide a baseline for QI taxonomy to operationalize a science of improvement for public health departments.

  3. Qualidade física do solo em um latossolo vermelho da região sudoeste dos cerrados sob diferentes sistemas de uso e manejo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Antônio Maior Bono

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available A busca de sistemas de manejo do solo como aqueles que integram lavoura e pecuária, visando à recuperação e, ou, manutenção da qualidade do solo, é fundamental para o manejo sustentável da agropecuária. A hipótese deste estudo é que o uso do solo em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária melhora as suas propriedades físicas, contribuindo dessa maneira para uma exploração agrícola sustentável do solo na região sudoeste do Cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência de diferentes sistemas de manejo em algumas propriedades físicas de um solo na região dos Cerrados. O solo é classificado como Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, na região do Cerrado, onde foram avaliados os seguintes sistemas de manejo: solo sob vegetação natural; solo com implantação de lavoura de soja durante um ano e seguido de três anos de pastagens; solo com implantação de lavoura de soja durante quatro anos, seguidos por quatro anos de pastagem; solo com lavoura de soja contínua em sistema de plantio direto; e solo com pastagem continuamente. Foram avaliadas a densidade do solo, a resistência do solo à penetração e a estabilidade dos agregados em água, no período de 1995 a 2006. O uso do solo com a forrageira BRACHIARIA DECUMBENS como pastagem contínua proporcionou menor impacto nas propriedades físicas do solo, em relação aos manejos com integração lavoura-pecuária e lavoura contínua.

  4. Atributos do Solo Relacionados com a Produção da Castanheira-do-Brasil (Bertholletia excelsa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mirian Gomes Costa

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Neste estudo foram analisados os atributos do solo relacionados com variações na produção de frutos da castanheira bem como o estado nutricional da espécie. As árvores foram selecionadas em parcela permanente (Caracaraí, RR e divididas em quatro classes de produção: alta, média, baixa e muito baixa. Em novembro de 2009, amostras de solo e folhas foram coletadas para se avaliar a fertilidade do solo, o número de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares e o estado nutricional das árvores. Árvores com maior produção de frutos ocorreram associadas a maior teor de Al trocável na camada de 0-20 cm do solo, bem como a menor valor de pH e saturação por bases. A variável discriminante resultante deste estudo não foi considerada como responsável por interferir no potencial produtivo da castanheira-do-brasil, mas serviu como indicativo de que árvores mais produtivas contribuem na remoção de bases trocáveis, favorecendo a acidificação do solo.

  5. Uso da Canavalia ensiformis como fitorremediador de solos contaminados por chumbo

    OpenAIRE

    Mazzuco, Kátia Teresinha Mateus

    2008-01-01

    Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química. Atualmente setores de várias áreas têm observado com grande interesse o crescente número de poluentes existentes em todo o mundo. Por esse motivo aumenta o interesse por técnicas remediadoras, tendo neste momento um foco maior o solo. Varias técnicas são estudadas e a fitorremediação possui um lugar de destaque devido à sua eficiência na descontaminação dos solos ...

  6. Suprimento e absorção de fósforo em solos submetidos a diferentes sistemas de preparo

    OpenAIRE

    Alaerto Luiz Marcolan

    2006-01-01

    A absorção de fósforo é determinada por processos e mecanismos que integram o seu fluxo no sistema solo-planta que, por sua vez, são afetados por fatores de solo e de planta, os quais podem ser descritos por modelos de simulação. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o efeito dos fatores de solo e de planta que atuam na liberação, no suprimento e na absorção de fósforo e no crescimento da soja, em solos com diferentes características difusivas em plantio direto e preparo convencional, e s...

  7. Taxonomy, distribution and ecology of Bolboschoenus in Europe

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Hroudová, Zdenka; Zákravský, Petr; Ducháček, M.; Marhold, K.

    2007-01-01

    Roč. 44, č. 2 (2007), s. 81-102 ISSN 0003-3847 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA6005905; GA ČR GA521/04/0997 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z60050516 Keywords : taxonomy * distribution * ecology Subject RIV: EF - Botanics Impact factor: 0.408, year: 2007

  8. The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) Announces ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) Announces: Registration of Plant Names, Test and Trial Phase (1998-1999). KL Wilson. Abstract. Journal of East African Natural History Vol. 85 (1&2) 1996: 91-93. AJOL African Journals Online. HOW TO USE AJOL... for Researchers · for Librarians · for Authors ...

  9. Estabilização de solos com adição de cal : um estudo a respeito da reversibilidade das reações que acontecem no solo após a adição de cal

    OpenAIRE

    Azevedo, André Luis Cairo de

    2010-01-01

    Visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre a estabilização dos solos com adição de cal, este estudo pretende demonstrar que as reações do solo argiloso com cal podem ser reversíveis. Esta análise simula uma mistura de solo e cal sendo executada inicialmente numa usina, quando do início da obra, antes mesmo da terraplenagem concluída, armazenada durante um período de tempo determinado e posteriormente sendo executada como camada de pavimento. Para isso foram feitos moldados corpos de prova com amost...

  10. EFICIÊNCIA DE SOLUÇÕES DENSAS NO FRACIONAMENTO FÍSICO DA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA DO SOLO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Cesar Conceição

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Os mecanismos de estabilização da matéria orgânica (MO têm sido estudados em solos tropicais e subtropicais brasileiros; no entanto, poucos trabalhos avaliaram a influência da parte metodológica do uso das soluções nos resultados obtidos. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de duas soluções salinas (iodeto de sódio - NaI 1,8 kg dm-3 e politungstato de sódio - PTS 2,0 kg dm-3 na separação de frações densimétricas da MO em dois solos (Argissolo Vermelho do sul do Brasil - 220 g kg-1 argila e Latossolo Vermelho do Cerrado - 630 g kg-1 argila e o reflexo dessa eficiência na magnitude e importância do mecanismo de proteção física por oclusão em agregados no acúmulo de MO em solos brasileiros. Amostras de solo coletadas nas camadas de 0,00-0,05; 0,05-0,10; e 0,10-0,20 m foram submetidas ao fracionamento físico densimétrico e separadas as frações leve livre (FLL, leve-oclusa (FLO e pesada (FP da MO do solo. O uso de PTS 2,0 kg dm-3 aumentou o rendimento de carbono orgânico (CO das FLL e FLO em ambos os solos em relação à solução de NaI 1,8 kg dm-3, sendo o efeito mais pronunciado na FLO. A utilização do sistema plantio direto (PD aumentou os estoques de CO total na camada de 0,00-0,05 m do Argissolo em relação ao solo em preparo convencional (PC. O mecanismo de proteção física da MO por oclusão em agregados foi efetivo no aumento dos estoques de C do solo, sendo responsável por aproximadamente ⅓ do acúmulo na camada superficial do Argissolo (0,00-0,05 m. Para o Latossolo, não houve diferenças entre o estoque de CO total do PD e do PC, porém o solo sob PD apresentou acúmulo de aproximadamente ⅔ do estoque de C como FLO na camada superficial do solo. A proteção física por oclusão em agregados é um mecanismo expressivo na estabilização e sequestro de C em solos tropicais e subtropicais, cuja importância pode ser mascarada pela baixa eficiência da solução de NaI em estudos de fracionamento

  11. Psychological Benefits of Leisure Participation: A Taxonomy of Leisure Activities Based on Their Need-Gratifying Properties.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tinsley, Howard E. A.; Eldredge, Barbara D.

    1995-01-01

    Proposes a needs-based taxonomy of leisure activities. Study participants (n=3,771) indicated the extent to which leisure activities met different psychological needs. Results support theories that leisure experiences affect individuals' physical and mental health. Provides a taxonomy of 12 leisure activity clusters so as to allow greater…

  12. Norms for environmentally responsible behaviour: An extended taxonomy and a preliminary assessment

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thøgersen, John

    The currently used concept of personal or moral norms is ambiguous with regard to its motivational content. Therefore, a revision of the norm taxonomy is suggested, implying a distinction between three types of personal norms, called introjected, identified, and integrated norms. A preliminary as...... is also supported, with the reservation that the different behavioural references are more than just different methods of measuring the same latent construct(s). People evidently hold different norms for different environmentally responsible behaviours.......The currently used concept of personal or moral norms is ambiguous with regard to its motivational content. Therefore, a revision of the norm taxonomy is suggested, implying a distinction between three types of personal norms, called introjected, identified, and integrated norms. A preliminary...... assessment of the taxonomy is carried out based of a survey of a random sample of Danish residents 18 years or older. A range of norm constructs were measured with regard to four environmentally relevant behaviours: buying organic milk, buying energy saving light bulbs, source-separating compostable kitchen...

  13. A Taxonomy of Consumer Motives through Preferred Brand Personality : Empirical Findings for 11 Countries

    OpenAIRE

    N. GEEROMS; I. VERMEIR; P. VAN KENHOVE; H. HENDRICKX

    2005-01-01

    This paper presents a circumplex taxonomy of related consumer motives based on valence ratings of 34 preferred brand personality traits. Results of INDSCAL analysis reveal a consistent, replicable preferred brand personality structure across 11 different countries and four different product categories. As preferred brand personality dimensions are considered as behavioral expressions of underlying motives, the found structure was reformulated in terms of a taxonomy of eight fundamental consum...

  14. BIORREMEDIAÇÃO IN SITU COM PERÓXIDOS SÓLIDOS E SURFACTANTE DE SOLOS CONTAMINADOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiago Bender Wermuth

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho objetiva avaliar o uso de peróxidos sólidos com a adição de sais de fosfato, nitrogênio e surfactante na biorremediação de solos contaminados por derivados de petróleo. Para isso, coletou-se uma amostra do solo contaminado durante os trabalhos de recuperação de uma área de um posto de gasolina. A mesma foi colocada em uma caixa de PVC, dividida em duas partes. Uma parte foi tratada por meio da adição de peróxido de cálcio, surfactante e superfosfato (fonte de nutrientes. Já a outra recebeu a aplicação de somente peróxido de cálcio e superfosfato. Os resultados do tratamento deste solo foram monitorados semanalmente por meio de medidas da umidade, pH e temperatura. A descontaminação do solo foi acompanhada pela análise dos compostos Benzeno, Tolueno, Etilbenzeno, Xileno, TPH-GRO (Gasoline Range Organics, TPH-ORO (Oil Range Organics e TPH-DRO (Diesel Range Organics, segundo as normas USEPA 8015D, USEPA 5021A, USEPA 8021B. Os valores mostram que o solo tratado com peróxido de cálcio, surfactante e superfosfato tiveram resultados semelhantes ao lado em que não continha o surfactante.

  15. Taxonomy of oxalotrophic Methylobacterium strains

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sahin, Nurettin; Kato, Yuko; Yilmaz, Ferah

    2008-10-01

    Most of the oxalotrophic bacteria are facultative methylotrophs and play important ecological roles in soil fertility and cycling of elements. This study gives a detailed picture of the taxonomy and diversity of these bacteria and provides new information about the taxonomical variability within the genus Methylobacterium. Twelve mesophilic, pink-pigmented, and facultatively methylotrophic oxalate-oxidizing strains were included in this work that had been previously isolated from the soil and some plant tissues by the potassium oxalate enrichment method. The isolates were characterized using biochemical tests, cellular lipid profiles, spectral characteristics of carotenoid pigments, G+C content of the DNA, and 16S rDNA sequencing. The taxonomic similarities among the strains were analyzed using the simple matching ( S SM) and Jaccard ( S J) coefficients, and the UPGMA clustering algorithm. The phylogenetic position of the strains was inferred by the neighbor-joining method on the basis of the 16S rDNA sequences. All isolates were Gram-negative, facultatively methylotrophic, oxidase and catalase positive, and required no growth factors. Based on the results of numerical taxonomy, the strains formed four closely related clusters sharing ≥85% similarity. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences demonstrated that oxalotrophic, pink-pigmented, and facultatively methylotrophic strains could be identified as members of the genus Methylobacterium. Except for M. variabile and M. aquaticum, all of the Methylobacterium type strains tested had the ability of oxalate utilization. Our results indicate that the capability of oxalate utilization seems to be an uncommon trait and could be used as a valuable taxonomic criterion for differentiation of Methylobacterium species.

  16. "I am Your Mother and Your Father!" In Vitro Derived Gametes and the Ethics of Solo Reproduction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cutas, Daniela; Smajdor, Anna

    2017-12-01

    In this paper, we will discuss the prospect of human reproduction achieved with gametes originating from only one person. According to statements by a minority of scientists working on the generation of gametes in vitro, it may become possible to create eggs from men's non-reproductive cells and sperm from women's. This would enable, at least in principle, the creation of an embryo from cells obtained from only one individual: 'solo reproduction'. We will consider what might motivate people to reproduce in this way, and the implications that solo reproduction might have for ethics and policy. We suggest that such an innovation is unlikely to revolutionise reproduction and parenting. Indeed, in some respects it is less revolutionary than in vitro fertilisation as a whole. Furthermore, we show that solo reproduction with in vitro created gametes is not necessarily any more ethically problematic than gamete donation-and probably less so. Where appropriate, we draw parallels with the debate surrounding reproductive cloning. We note that solo reproduction may serve to perpetuate reductive geneticised accounts of reproduction, and that this may indeed be ethically questionable. However, in this it is not unique among other technologies of assisted reproduction, many of which focus on genetic transmission. It is for this reason that a ban on solo reproduction might be inconsistent with continuing to permit other kinds of reproduction that also bear the potential to strengthen attachment to a geneticised account of reproduction. Our claim is that there are at least as good reasons to pursue research towards enabling solo reproduction, and eventually to introduce solo reproduction as an option for fertility treatment, as there are to do so for other infertility related purposes.

  17. Solo status and self-construal: being distinctive influences racial self-construal and performance apprehension in African American women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sekaquaptewa, Denise; Waldman, Andrew; Thompson, Mischa

    2007-10-01

    A preliminary study and main experiment tested the hypothesis that racial solo status (being the only member of one's race in a group) increases racial self-construal among African Americans. The preliminary study showed that African American men and women reported greater collectivist (i.e., group-based) over individualist self-construal under solo compared to nonsolo status, whereas Whites did not. The main experiment showed that the increased collectivism among African American solo women appears to be strongly reflected in racial identity becoming a salient aspect of self-construal. African American participants were also more likely than Whites to perceive that their anticipated performance would be generalized to their race, to feel like representatives of their race, and to show greater performance apprehension (indirectly evidenced by increased self-handicapping) when in racial solo status. The implications of solo status for African Americans in evaluative situations (such as academic testing sessions) are discussed. 2007 APA

  18. Fatores envolvidos na supressividade a Rhizoctonia solani em alguns solos tropicais brasileiros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. A. Rodrigues

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available O experimento foi realizado em condições de casa de vegetação, na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, no período de março a agosto de 1995, visando determinar, em sete classes de solo, a supressividade ao fungo Rhizoctonia solani e estudar o possível relacionamento dessa característica com a mineralogia, propriedades físicas e químicas e populações de fungos do solo. Após proceder à inoculação dos solos com R. solani, multiplicada em grãos de sorgo autoclavados, observou-se que o índice de doença em plântulas de soja aumentou em todos eles. Tal índice foi sempre maior na camada de 0-20 cm, associando-se com o maior teor de matéria orgânica, com exceção do Solo Orgânico eutrófico (SOe, o qual apresentou um índice de doença similar nas duas profundidades (0-20 e 20-40 cm. O efeito supressivo a R. solani, observado no material do Plintossolo distrófico (PTd e no Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro álico (LEa, relacionou-se com a textura muito argilosa, com a alta saturação por alumínio e com a vegetação (fase cerrado, mesmo com a ausência de Trichoderma spp. Os materiais do Solo Orgânico eutrófico (SOe, do Latossolo Roxo distrófico (LRd e da Terra Roxa Estruturada eutrófica (TRe apresentaram maior conducividade a R. solani , possivelmente relacionada com o caráter eutrófico e com o teor da matéria orgânica, decorrente do tipo de cobertura vegetal (fase vegetação. O material do Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro álico textura média (LEam e o do Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo álico (LVa mostraram comportamento intermediário. O índice de doença correlacionou-se negativamente com a saturação por alumínio e teor de argila e positivamente com a saturação de bases (V e com o pH. A mineralogia parece não ter influência direta na supressividade ou conducividade dos solos estudados, provavelmente por variar apenas no que se refere às formas de óxidos de ferro.

  19. Quality control for terms and definitions in ontologies and taxonomies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rüegg Alexander

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Ontologies and taxonomies are among the most important computational resources for molecular biology and bioinformatics. A series of recent papers has shown that the Gene Ontology (GO, the most prominent taxonomic resource in these fields, is marked by flaws of certain characteristic types, which flow from a failure to address basic ontological principles. As yet, no methods have been proposed which would allow ontology curators to pinpoint flawed terms or definitions in ontologies in a systematic way. Results We present computational methods that automatically identify terms and definitions which are defined in a circular or unintelligible way. We further demonstrate the potential of these methods by applying them to isolate a subset of 6001 problematic GO terms. By automatically aligning GO with other ontologies and taxonomies we were able to propose alternative synonyms and definitions for some of these problematic terms. This allows us to demonstrate that these other resources do not contain definitions superior to those supplied by GO. Conclusion Our methods provide reliable indications of the quality of terms and definitions in ontologies and taxonomies. Further, they are well suited to assist ontology curators in drawing their attention to those terms that are ill-defined. We have further shown the limitations of ontology mapping and alignment in assisting ontology curators in rectifying problems, thus pointing to the need for manual curation.

  20. Mineralogia e fontes de potássio em solos no Rio Grande do Sul cultivados com arroz irrigado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. M. Castilhos

    2002-09-01

    Full Text Available Estudos desenvolvidos com arroz irrigado por inundação no estado do Rio Grande do Sul têm evidenciado ausência de resposta desta cultura à adubação potássica, mesmo em solos com baixo teor de potássio disponível. Este trabalho objetivou verificar a contribuição da mineralogia destes solos como fonte potencial de potássio para a cultura do arroz. Para tal, selecionaram-se quatro solos representativos das zonas orizícolas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Planossolo Hidromórfico, Planossolo Háplico, Gleissolo Háplico e Chernossolo Ebânico cultivados com arroz irrigado. Estes solos apresentam baixos teores de potássio trocável e não apresentam respostas à adubação potássica. Nas amostras dos horizontes A e B dos quatro solos, foram analisadas a granulometria e a composição química. A mineralogia das frações areia, silte e argila foi identificada por difratometria de raios-X. Os principais minerais fontes de potássio foram os seguintes: na fração areia, feldspatos e micas; nas frações silte e argila, feldspatos, micas, esmectitas e esmectitas com hidróxi-alumínio entrecamadas. A quantidade de potássio total, nas frações granulométricas, diferiu entre os solos. As frações silte e argila apresentaram os maiores teores de K-total, exceto para o Planossolo Háplico, que revelou maior reserva de potássio na fração areia. A ausência, ou a baixa resposta, à adubação potássica na cultura do arroz irrigado nesses quatro solos pode ser explicada pelos minerais fontes de potássio que ocorrem nesses solos.

  1. Taxonomies of Higher Educational Institutions Predicted from Organizational Climate.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lysons, Art

    1990-01-01

    Application of the Perceived Climate Questionnaire involving senior-level staff from Australian institutions used climate factors as the basis for testing hypothesized taxonomies of the institutions. Results reinforce the relevance of contemporary management theories and demonstrate the importance of leadership styles in organizational…

  2. Taxonomy of Trauma Leadership Skills: A Framework for Leadership Training and Assessment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leenstra, Nico F; Jung, Oliver C; Johnson, Addie; Wendt, Klaus W; Tulleken, Jaap E

    2016-02-01

    Good leadership is essential for optimal trauma team performance, and targeted training of leadership skills is necessary to achieve such leadership proficiency. To address the need for a taxonomy of leadership skills that specifies the skill components to be learned and the behaviors by which they can be assessed across the five phases of trauma care, the authors developed the Taxonomy of Trauma Leadership Skills (TTLS). Critical incident interviews were conducted with trauma team leaders and members from different specialties-emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, anesthesiologists, and emergency ward nurses-at three teaching hospitals in the Netherlands during January-June 2013. Data were iteratively analyzed for examples of excellent leadership skills at each phase of trauma care. Using the grounded theory approach, elements of excellent leadership skills were identified and classified. Elements and behavioral markers were sorted and categorized using multiple raters. In a two-round verification process in late 2013, the taxonomy was reviewed and rated by trauma team leaders and members from the multiple specialties for its coverage of essential items. Data were gathered from 28 interviews and 14 raters. The TTLS details 5 skill categories (information coordination, decision making, action coordination, communication management, and coaching and team development) and 37 skill elements. The skill elements are captured by 67 behavioral markers. The three-level taxonomy is presented according to five phases of trauma care. The TTLS provides a framework for teaching, learning, and assessing team leadership skills in trauma care and other complex, acute care situations.

  3. The Effect of Selected Nonmusical Factors on Adjudicators' Ratings of High School Solo Vocal Performances

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howard, Sandra A.

    2012-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of differentiated performance attire and stage deportment on adjudicators' ratings of high school solo vocal performances. High school choral students (n = 153) and undergraduate (n = 97) and graduate music majors (n = 32) served as adjudicators (N = 282). Adjudicators rated recorded solo vocal…

  4. Soil seed banks Banco de sementes do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    P.J. Christoffoleti

    1998-01-01

    Full Text Available The goal of this literature review is to discuss some of the major aspects of the soil seed bank, from its characteristics down to methodological aspects of its determination. Soil seed bank is the reservoir of viable seeds or of vegetative propagules that are present in the soil and that are able to recompose a natural vegetation. In the agroecossystems the soil seed bank is related to weeds, and the knowledge of its size and composition in terms of species can be used in the prediction of future infestations, to built simulation models of population establishment through time and also the definition of soil and cultural management programs, in order to have a rational use of herbicides.O objetivo desta revisão é discorrer sobre alguns pontos importantes no estudo do banco de sementes no solo, desde as sua características até aspectos metodológicos para sua determinação. Denomina-se de banco de sementes a reserva destas ou de propágulos vegetativos viáveis presentes no solo e que são capazes de recompor uma vegetação. Nos sistemas agrícolas o banco está relacionado com o estudo das plantas daninhas; o conhecimento do seu tamanho e das espécies que o compõem poderá ser utilizado na previsão de infestações futuras, na construção de modelos de estabelecimentos populacionais no tempo e consequentemente na definição de programas de manejo de solo e culturais, visando racionalizar a utilização de herbicidas.

  5. Development and evaluation of a specialized task taxonomy for spatial planning - A map literacy experiment with topographic maps

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rautenbach, Victoria; Coetzee, Serena; Çöltekin, Arzu

    2017-05-01

    Topographic maps are among the most commonly used map types, however, their complex and information-rich designs depicting natural, human-made and cultural features make them difficult to read. Regardless of their complexity, spatial planners make extensive use of topographic maps in their work. On the other hand, various studies suggest that map literacy among the development planning professionals in South Africa is not very high. The widespread use of topographic maps combined with the low levels of map literacy presents challenges for effective development planning. In this paper we address some of these challenges by developing a specialized task taxonomy based on systematically assessed map literacy levels; and conducting an empirical experiment with topographic maps to evaluate our task taxonomy. In such empirical studies if non-realistic tasks are used, the results of map literacy tests may be skewed. Furthermore, experience and familiarity with the studied map type play a role in map literacy. There is thus a need to develop map literacy tests aimed at planners specifically. We developed a taxonomy of realistic map reading tasks typically executed during the planning process. The taxonomy defines six levels tasks of increasing difficulty and complexity, ranging from recognising symbols to extracting knowledge. We hypothesized that competence in the first four levels indicates functional map literacy. In this paper, we present results from an empirical experiment with 49 map literate participants solving a subset of tasks from the first four levels of the taxonomy with a topographic map. Our findings suggest that the proposed taxonomy is a good reference for evaluating topographic map literacy. Participants solved the tasks on all four levels as expected and we therefore conclude that the experiment based on the first four levels of the taxonomy successfully determined the functional map literacy of the participants. We plan to continue the study for the

  6. “Communicate to vaccinate”: the development of a taxonomy of communication interventions to improve routine childhood vaccination

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-01-01

    Background Vaccination is a cost-effective public health measure and is central to the Millennium Development Goal of reducing child mortality. However, childhood vaccination coverage remains sub-optimal in many settings. While communication is a key feature of vaccination programmes, we are not aware of any comprehensive approach to organising the broad range of communication interventions that can be delivered to parents and communities to improve vaccination coverage. Developing a classification system (taxonomy) organised into conceptually similar categories will aid in: understanding the relationships between different types of communication interventions; facilitating conceptual mapping of these interventions; clarifying the key purposes and features of interventions to aid implementation and evaluation; and identifying areas where evidence is strong and where there are gaps. This paper reports on the development of the ‘Communicate to vaccinate’ taxonomy. Methods The taxonomy was developed in two stages. Stage 1 included: 1) forming an advisory group; 2) searching for descriptions of interventions in trials (CENTRAL database) and general health literature (Medline); 3) developing a sampling strategy; 4) screening the search results; 5) developing a data extraction form; and 6) extracting intervention data. Stage 2 included: 1) grouping the interventions according to purpose; 2) holding deliberative forums in English and French with key vaccination stakeholders to gather feedback; 3) conducting a targeted search of grey literature to supplement the taxonomy; 4) finalising the taxonomy based on the input provided. Results The taxonomy includes seven main categories of communication interventions: inform or educate, remind or recall, teach skills, provide support, facilitate decision making, enable communication and enhance community ownership. These categories are broken down into 43 intervention types across three target groups: parents or soon

  7. Evaluation of the Cerro Solo nuclear ore, province of Chubut. The Cerro Solo project within the frame of uranium exploration in Argentina. Pt. 1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Solis, R.J.; Navarra, P.R.; Benitez, A.F.; Gallucci, A.R.

    1993-01-01

    The Cerro Solo ore deposit was selected by the CNEA to invest in an assessment project because of their promising grade and amount of known and potential resources, significant to Argentina's uranium requirements. The deposit, which is located in the central region of the Chubut Province, belongs to the sandstone type and is hosted by the cretaceous Chubut Group. Technical studies carried out forecast an important growth of nuclear capacity to meet Argentina's energy requirements in the first two decades of of the the next century. To be in position to confront the challenge presented by increasing uranium resources to fuel the nuclear powers plants it is very important, as a first step, to improve the geological knowledge of uranium favorability in the country. The preliminary results of the Cerro Solo project indicate that the eastern slope of the Pichinan hills is a promising area for development of uranium resources, increasing the favorability of the San Jorge Basin in order to allow contributing to meet future uranium requirements. The Cerro Solo Project was planned in a sequential manner, as a multidisciplinary effort which includes studies on: geologic setting of mineralization, resource estimates, costs of mining and milling methods, economic analysis and environmental impact research. Among the mining methods, studies include the alternative of the in-situ leaching technology, which is becoming a low producing cost interesting possibility. (Author)

  8. Taxonomi för databashanterare

    OpenAIRE

    Österberg, Alexander

    2017-01-01

    Syftet med denna undersökning är att ta fram en taxonomi för databashanteringssystem (DBMS) som kan förenkla valet av DBMS, då det kan vara en lång och komplicerad process. Taxonomin klassificerar kriterier hos DBMS som anses viktiga i en litteraturstudie av flertalet artiklar. Arbetet visar även på en strukturerad process för att gå från krav till val av databashanterare i form av ett poängsystem som använder sig av taxonomin och DBMS rangordning på olika kriterier. Valprocessen tar ställnin...

  9. Método do Perfil Cultural para avaliação do estado físico de solos em condições tropicais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Tavares Filho

    1999-06-01

    Full Text Available Uma nova abordagem para adoção do método do Perfil Cultural em condições de solos tropicais é aqui tratada. Analisou-se a evolução desse método desde seu início na França, na década de 1960, até a proposta de sua utilização no estudo de manejo de solos tropicais. Tal método mostra-se eficiente no diagnóstico qualitativo do estado físico dos solos no campo, na orientação de amostragem de solos, no estudo dos efeitos da antropização, na visualização das interações físicas, químicas e biológicas dos solos, nos estudos de mecânica do solo no campo e no estudo da organização estrutural de solos agrícolas, além de auxiliar na análise do sistema radicular.

  10. Uso de resíduos em pavimentos de estradas florestais: caracterização de solos e misturas solo-grits Application of waste in forest road pavements: characterization of soils and soil-grits mixtures

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reginaldo Sérgio Pereira

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo aborda uma etapa preliminar de um estudo direcionado às propriedades de engenharia de misturas de solos e aditivos químicos, para fins de aplicação em estradas florestais. Trabalhou-se com amostras de dois solos da Zona da Mata Norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, de texturas arenosa e argilosa, estabilizadas com o resíduo industrial denominado "grits" proveniente de indústria de celulose. Foram realizados ensaios geotécnicos nos solos e nas misturas solo-aditivo químico, como se segue: análise granulométrica, peso específico dos sólidos, limites de Atterberg e compactação. Os resultados encontrados dos ensaios de laboratório revelaram que o resíduo apresentou bom desempenho como agente estabilizante, alterando significativamente a plasticidade e os parâmetros de compactação dos solos analisados.This paper addresses data from a research program in development on engineering properties of soil-chemical stabilizer mixtures for forest road application. Soil samples from sandy and clayey soils from the Zona da Mata Norte of Minas Gerais, Brazil, stabilized with grits (waste from cellulose industries were used throughout the study. The laboratory-testing program comprised the following geotechnical tests: sieve analysis, density of solid particles, Atterberg limits and compaction. Data supported the good behavior of waste as stabilizer agent changing significantly soil plasticity and compaction parameters.

  11. Environmental behavior of soils and mixtures of soil-whitewash mud Comportamento ambiental de solos e misturas solo lama-de-cal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Cardoso Machado

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available The present study sought to observe the behavior of soils in natural state and in mixtures, in different ratios, with the industrial solid residue called whitewash mud. The work was conducted with samples of typical soils from the region of Alagoinhas, Bahia-Brazil. Wet chemical analysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry were used in order to obtain the classification of the industrial solid residue. Solubilization and leaching tests were performed and X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy techniques were carried out. The results showed that the whitewash mud was classified as non-inert, but with great capacity of heavy metal retention largely owed to the kaolinite and goethite presence in the clay fraction of the soils, making it difficult to have heavy metals readily available for exchange.O presente estudo buscou observar o comportamento de solos em seu estado natural e em misturas, em diferentes teores, com o resíduo sólido industrial denominado lama-de-cal. A pesquisa foi conduzida com amostras de solos típicas da região de Alagoinhas, Bahia-Brasil. A análise química por via úmida e espectrofotometria de absorção atômica foram usadas para obter a classificação do resíduo sólido industrial. Testes de solubilização, lixiviação, analise de raios X e microscopia eletrônica de varredura foram executados. Os resultados indicaram que a lama-de-cal não é inerte, mas com grande capacidade de retenção de metais pesados, em grande parte devido à presença de caulinita e goethita na fração argila dos solos.

  12. Extratores de fósforo em solos da Amazônia tratados com fertilizantes fosfatados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    E. C. Brasil

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a disponibilidade de fósforo em amostras de solos representativos da Amazônia, desenvolveu-se um experimento em casa de vegetação do Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Piracicaba (SP, de outubro de 1993 a março de 1994, utilizando-se amostras da camada superficial de cinco solos (LA-médio, LA-argiloso, LA-muito argiloso, PV-argiloso e PV-muito argiloso. Foram usados, como fontes de P, superfosfato triplo, termofosfato yoorin em pó, termofosfato yoorin semi-acabado e fosfato natural da Carolina do Norte, nas doses de P equivalentes a 0, 40, 80 e 120 mg kg-1 de solo. Caupi e arroz foram usados como plantas-testes, e os resultados de produção de matéria seca e de P acumulado na parte aérea foram correlacionados com os de teores de P nas amostras de cada solo. A extração de P foi efetuada por meio dos métodos da resina trocadora de ânions, Mehlich-1, Mehlich-3 e Bray-I. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o extrator Mehlich-1 extraiu grandes quantidades de fósforo nos tratamentos com fosfato natural da Carolina do Norte. Independentemente da fonte de fósforo utilizada, o extrator Mehlich-3 apresentou as melhores correlações com o caupi e o arroz. Os extratores Mehlich-3 e Bray-I apresentaram maior sensibilidade às variações de solo. O extrator Mehlich-3 mostrou-se adequado na avaliação da disponibilidade de fósforo para as plantas, em diferentes condições de solos e fontes de fósforo.

  13. Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em solos de área poluída com metais pesados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    O. Klauberg-Filho

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available Os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs ocorrem de forma generalizada e formam importante simbiose com a maioria das plantas, mesmo em solos poluídos com metais pesados. Neste estudo, avaliaram-se a ocorrência e a diversidade dos FMAs em quatro locais com gramíneas em uma área de solo contaminado com metais pesados pela extração e industrialização do Zn. Verificou-se a ocorrência generalizada dos FMAs nos locais estudados, sendo esta influenciada pelas concentrações de metais no solo. Encontrou-se um total de 21 espécies, sendo: sete pertencentes ao gênero Acaulospora, seis de Scutellospora, cinco de Glomus, duas de Gigaspora e uma de Entrophospora,Glomus occultum, Acaulospora morrowiae, Acaulospora mellea, Glomus intraradices, Glomus clarum e Scutellospora pellucida foram as de maior ocorrência. A densidade de esporos, a riqueza de espécies e o aumento da dominância relacionaram-se inversamente com as concentrações de metais no solo. Acaulospora mellea, Glomus clarum e Glomus occultum dominaram as populações de esporos no solo. Concluiu-se que os metais pesados exerceram efeito diferenciado sobre os FMAs, dependendo do grau de poluição.

  14. Detecção de limites de solos por dados espectrais e de relevo

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    José A.M. Demattê

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Existe a necessidade de avaliar a importância do relevo associado aos parâmetros espectrais de solos como base no mapeamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar um método de detecção de limites de solos por meio da interação de dados espectrais e formas de relevo. Foram percorridas 14 topossequências representativas de uma área de 13.000 ha próxima dos municípios de São Carlos e Araraquara, SP. As amostras foram caracterizadas pelos métodos convencionais de análise química e granulométrica. Posteriormente, foram obtidos dados espectrais de 400 a 2.500 nm. As informações do relevo foram obtidas pelo emprego de técnicas de geoprocessamento. Geraram-se o modelo digital de elevação do terreno e os mapas de declividade, de curvatura, de índice topográfico composto e de Potencial de Densidade de Drenagem. Ainda, procedeu-se à validação dos métodos pontual e espacial. Na primeira validação, os pontos classificados nas topossequências foram tomados como verdadeiros e contrastados com as informações contidas no mapa de solo pré-existente, com os dados de relevo e com os dados espectrais agrupados. Na validação em nível espacial, procuraram-se avaliar em que locais os diferentes métodos indicavam mudanças nos limites dos solos e comparar com as observações reais. Verificou-se que a análise de agrupamento com cluster evidenciou-se eficiente na discriminação das unidades de solos em topossequência, quando utilizados parâmetros espectrais do solo. Já o conjunto de parâmetros de relevo isoladamente não foi o mais adequado.

  15. Diversidade e potencial enzimático de fungos filamentosos isolados do solo, Semi-Árido, Pernambuco, Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Luciana Gonçalves de

    2009-01-01

    Os fungos compreendem um grupo heterogêneo de microrganismos, atuando como sapróbios, parasitas e simbiontes. Como sapróbios, podem viver em diversos ambientes, especialmente no solo. Este trabalho teve como objetivos o isolamento, identificação e atividade enzimática (lacase e peroxidase) de fungos filamentosos do solo do Vale do Catimbau, semi-árido pernambucano. Quatro coletas de solo foram feitas durante os períodos chuvosos (2) e de estiagem (2). Foram identificadas 87 espécies de fungos...

  16. Anatomia radicular de milho em solo compactado Anatomy of maize roots in compacted soil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anderson Cristian Bergamin

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre a estrutura anatômica das raízes de milho e os atributos físicos de solo submetido a diferentes graus de compactação. O estudo foi realizado em campo, no Município de Dourados, MS, em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, textura muito argilosa. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições. O solo utilizado apresentava histórico de oito anos com plantio direto. A compactação adicional do solo foi realizada por meio de tráfego com trator, com uma (PDc1, duas (PDc2, quatro (PDc4 e seis passadas (PDc6 sucessivas, sobre toda a área da parcela. Houve aumento na razão entre o córtex e o cilindro vascular da raiz com o aumento na compactação do solo. Essa razão correlacionou-se negativamente com a macroporosidade e positivamente com a densidade do solo e com a resistência do solo à penetração. O grau de compactação afeta a anatomia radicular do milho, e a resistência do solo à penetração é o indicador físico que melhor expressa esse efeito.The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between maize root anatomy and physical attributes of soil subjected to levels of compaction. The experiment was carried out in field conditions, in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, in a clayed Latossolo Vermelho (Rhodic Acrustox. A randomized complete block design was used, with five replicates. The soil was cultivated for eight years under no-tillage. The additional compaction of the soil was done by tractor traffic in one (PDc1, two (PDc2, four (PDc4 and six successive passes (PDc6, in the entire area of the experimental plots. Ratio between the cortex and vascular cylinder of the root increased with soil compaction. This ratio was negatively correlated to macroporosity, and positively to soil density and soil penetration resistance. Soil compaction level affects the anatomy of maize roots, and its penetration resistance is the best

  17. Resíduos culturais e resultado de análise de solo coletado com diferentes amostradores no sistema de plantio direto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Escosteguy Pedro Alexandre Varella

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Uma das características do sistema de plantio direto é o acúmulo de resíduos culturais na superfície do solo. Embora as recomendações técnicas preconizem a remoção desses resíduos antes da amostragem de solo, isso não ocorre quando a amostragem é efetuada utilizando o quadriciclo. Os resíduos culturais também podem ser misturados com a amostra de solo quando esse é amostrado com o trado manual e esses resíduos não são removidos da superfície do solo. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a influência dos resíduos culturais da superfície do solo nos resultados da análise de solo sob plantio direto. Amostraram-se solos com e sem a remoção de resíduos culturais da superfície. Esses procedimentos foram testados em solos contendo baixo e alto teor de argila, amostrados com o trado calador e o quadriciclo, após o cultivo de soja e milho. A influência dos resíduos culturais no resultado da análise de solo foi, em geral, pouco expressiva, variando com o tipo de amostrador, de resíduo e teor de argila do solo. Nas amostras coletadas com o quadriciclo, foi possível detectar diferenças no teor de matéria orgânica (MO em função dos procedimentos de amostragem testados, entretanto, isso não ocorreu nas amostras coletadas com o calador. Na presença dos resíduos culturais, o teor de MO aumentou em 4g kg-1 (solo com baixo teor de argila e cultivado com soja e em 5g kg-1 (solo com alto teor de argila e cultivado com milho. Com exceção dos teores de MO, a presença dos resíduos culturais não interferiu na interpretação dos outros atributos analisados.

  18. Values in a Cross-Cultural Triangle : A Comparison of Value Taxonomies in the Netherlands, Austria, and Spain

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    De Raad, Boele; Morales-Vives, Fabia; Barelds, Dick P.H.; Van Oudenhoven, Jan Pieter; Walter, Renner; Timmerman, Marieke E.

    This study aimed at finding the kernel structure common to three different value taxonomies in European languages (Dutch with 641 values and 634 participants, Austrian with 496 values and 456 participants, and Spanish with 566 values and 532 participants). Values from those three taxonomies were

  19. Identification of magnetic minerals in the fine-grain sediment on the Bengawan Solo River

    Science.gov (United States)

    Purnama, B.; Kusuma, R.; Legowo, B.; Suharyana; Wijayanta, A. T.

    2018-03-01

    The magnetic mineral content in the fine sediment of Bengawan Solo River is discussed. The fine sediment is obtained on the upper part of the tributary of Bengawan Solo River. Magnetic minerals are separated using permanent magnets. Furthermore the magnetic minerals are overnight dried using oven at 100°C. FTIR characterization indicate that the magnetic minerals in the fine sediment of Bengawan Solo River have the same characteristics as minerals in Cilacap and Purwokerto areas. Magnetic minerals are estimated to form at wave number k = 569.03 cm-1. This hematite content increase to 70.67% after anealling treatment at 600°C for 4 hours in atmosphere condition. This result is interesting because the heating process increases the hematite content. Within results, the magnetic properties of the sample will change.

  20. Biodegradação de filmes de PP/PCL em solo e solo com chorume Study of biodegradation of PP/PCL films in soil and soil with leachate landfill

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana de Campos

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Filmes de blenda de poli(ε-caprolactona (PCL e polipropileno (PP foram obtidos por moldagem por compressão. O estudo da biodegradação de filmes de blendas de PP/PCL em solo e solo com chorume foi obtido pela evolução de CO2, perda de massa, ângulo de contato, microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC. As análises de evolução de CO2 mostraram que a biodegradação da blenda de PP/PCL em solo com chorume foi maior que a dos homopolímeros, sugerindo que os polímeros na blenda são mais suscetíveis à degradação, o que se deve à não interação entre PP e PCL. Os resultados também mostraram que os microrganismos do solo com chorume provocaram uma erosão superficial. Verificou-se que a biodegradação do PCL é inibida pelos microrganismos do chorume adicionados no solo.Blend films of polycaprolactone (PCL and polypropylene (PP have been obtained by melt-pressing of both components. The biodegradation of PP/PCL blend films in soil and soil with leachate landfill has been assessed with measurements of evolution of CO2, weight loss, contact angle, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC. The respirometric tests showed that the PP/PCL biodegradation in the soil with leachate was higher than the homopolymers, suggesting that the polymers in the blend are more susceptible to biodegradation owing to the lack of interaction between PP and PCL. The results also showed that biodegradation due to microorganisms in the soil with leachate occurred by surface erosion. It was found that the PCL biodegradation is inhibited by the leachate microorganisms added in the soil.

  1. Adoption of geodemographic and ethno-cultural taxonomies for analysing Big Data

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    Richard James Webber

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available This paper is intended to contribute to the discussion of the differential level of adoption of Big Data among research communities. Recognising the impracticality of conducting an audit across all forms and uses of Big Data, we have restricted our enquiry to one very specific form of Big Data, namely general purpose taxonomies, of which Mosaic, Acorn and Origins are examples, that rely on data from a variety of Big Data feeds. The intention of these taxonomies is to enable the records of consumers and citizens held on Big Data datasets to be coded according to type of residential neighbourhood or ethno-cultural heritage without any use of questionnaires. Based on our respective experience in the academic social sciences, in government and in the design and marketing of these taxonomies, we identify the features of these classifications which appear to render them attractive or problematic to different categories of potential user or researcher depending on how the relationship is conceived. We conclude by identifying seven classifications of user or potential user who, on account of their background, current position and future career expectations, tend to respond in different ways to the opportunity to adopt these generic systems as aids for understanding social processes.

  2. A taxonomy of anatomical and pathological entities to support commenting on radiographs (preliminary clinical evaluation)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cosson, Philip; Dash, Robert

    2015-01-01

    It has been shown that radiographers have a lot to offer the patient by providing their expert opinion in a timely intervention; including the possibility of Radiographer Led Discharge. Some excellent paper based ‘commenting’ systems have been developed locally and the Society and College of Radiographers has issued national guidance with a pro-forma to support implementation. However, delivery and audit of the PCE service can be burdensome. There is also an ongoing training need linked in to annual reviews. This paper provides a brief introduction to the field of controlled vocabularies and ontologies in radiology and serves to identify their potential for PCE systems. The current work has constructed a prototype taxonomy and accompanying ontology (list of relationships) that enable the generation of radiographer comments using an electronic, fast, and structured web based interface. For example, in the current implementation any one of thousands of possible unique comments could be constructed by making just six selections from filtered lists of terms. The prototype taxonomy has been tested to refine and validate the concept. The resulting taxonomy and its evolution is described here. Finally, the taxonomy was trialled by 23 participants who generated structured PCE's after reviewing 27 cases on DICOM workstations. An analysis of agreement between participants and the ‘gold standard’ is presented. In conclusion, a taxonomy has been created that would provide for: a standardised framework for training staff and students, efficient and robust delivery of the service, and audit of individual practice

  3. Soil Taxonomy and land evaluation for forest establishment

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haruyoshi Ikawa

    1992-01-01

    Soil Taxonomy, the United States system of soil classification, can be used for land evaluation for selected purposes. One use is forest establishment in the tropics, and the soil family category is especially functional for this purpose. The soil family is a bionomial name with descriptions usually of soil texture, mineralogy, and soil temperature classes. If the...

  4. The Unfortunate Consequences of Bloom's Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Case, Roland

    2013-01-01

    The sequenced levels of thinking articulated in Bloom's original taxonomy (or in the multitude of subsequent variations) is the most widely known list in education. In addition to enduring popularity, it is arguably one of the most destructive theories in education. In this article, the author explains what makes it so damaging and how…

  5. Resistência ao cisalhamento e grau de intemperismo de cinco solos na região de Lavras (MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    W. W. Rocha

    2002-06-01

    Full Text Available Atualmente os parâmetros da resistência ao cisalhamento dos solos podem ser uma ferramenta muito útil na estabilização de taludes e recuperação de voçorocas, bem como na adoção de práticas mecânicas de conservação para os solos agrícolas. Com o objetivo de avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento de cinco solos da região de Lavras (MG e sua relação com o grau de intemperismo, realizou-se um experimento, utilizando uma prensa de cisalhamento direto, a qual permite ensaiar amostras indeformadas de solos. Essas amostras foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-0,03 m e submetidas ao ensaio de cisalhamento, para a definição das envoltórias de resistência e obtenção da coesão aparente (C e o ângulo de atrito interno (φ. Observou-se que C, de forma geral, foi maior para solos que apresentaram maior densidade, umidade a -0,01 MPa e maior teor de areia. Os valores de (φ foram maiores nos solos com maiores teores de argila. O Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico (LVAd e o Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico típico (PVAd, com densidades do solo, teores de areia e umidade a -0,01MPa maiores, apresentaram maiores resistências ao cisalhamento em relação ao Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (LVd, Cambissolo Háplico Tb distrófico (CXbd e Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (LVdf, que apresentaram maiores teores de argila e matéria orgânica. Para a classe dos Latossolos, a resistência ao cisalhamento foi maior onde os índices Ki e Kr foram mais elevados, graças à estrutura em blocos apresentada pelo LVAd, que condicionou maior resistência ao cisalhamento. Do ponto de vista da resistência ao cisalhamento, os solos LVAd e PVAd mostraram-se mais resistentes a voçorocamento e ao preparo do solo.

  6. Sleep restriction and degraded reaction-time performance in Figaro solo sailing races.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hurdiel, Rémy; Van Dongen, Hans P A; Aron, Christophe; McCauley, Peter; Jacolot, Laure; Theunynck, Denis

    2014-01-01

    In solo offshore sailing races like those of the Solitaire du Figaro, sleep must be obtained in multiple short bouts to maintain competitive performance and safety. Little is known about the amount of sleep restriction experienced at sea and the effects that fatigue from sleep loss have on sailors' performance. Therefore, we assessed sleep in sailors of yachts in the Figaro 2 Beneteau class during races and compared response times on a serial simple reaction-time test before and after races. Twelve men (professional sailors) recorded their sleep and measured their response times during one of the three single-handed races of 150, 300 and 350 nautical miles (nominally 24-50 h in duration). Total estimated sleep duration at sea indicated considerable sleep insufficiency. Response times were slower after races than before. The results suggest that professional sailors incur severe sleep loss and demonstrate marked performance impairment when competing in one- to two-day solo sailing races. Competitive performance could be improved by actively managing sleep during solo offshore sailing races.

  7. Solo, a RhoA-targeting guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is critical for hemidesmosome formation and acinar development in epithelial cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fujiwara, Sachiko; Matsui, Tsubasa S; Ohashi, Kazumasa; Deguchi, Shinji; Mizuno, Kensaku

    2018-01-01

    Cell-substrate adhesions are essential for various physiological processes, including embryonic development and maintenance of organ functions. Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein complexes that attach epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Formation and remodeling of HDs are dependent on the surrounding mechanical environment; however, the upstream signaling mechanisms are not well understood. We recently reported that Solo (also known as ARHGEF40), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor targeting RhoA, binds to keratin8/18 (K8/K18) intermediate filaments, and that their interaction is important for force-induced actin and keratin cytoskeletal reorganization. In this study, we show that Solo co-precipitates with an HD protein, β4-integrin. Co-precipitation assays revealed that the central region (amino acids 330-1057) of Solo binds to the C-terminal region (1451-1752) of β4-integrin. Knockdown of Solo significantly suppressed HD formation in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. Similarly, knockdown of K18 or treatment with Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), suppressed HD formation. As Solo knockdown or Y-27632 treatment is known to disorganize K8/K18 filaments, these results suggest that Solo is involved in HD formation by regulating K8/K18 filament organization via the RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway. We also showed that knockdown of Solo impairs acinar formation in MCF10A cells cultured in 3D Matrigel. In addition, Solo accumulated at the site of traction force generation in 2D-cultured MCF10A cells. Taken together, these results suggest that Solo plays a crucial role in HD formation and acinar development in epithelial cells by regulating mechanical force-induced RhoA activation and keratin filament organization.

  8. On the conversion of functional models : Bridging differences between functional taxonomies in the modeling of user actions

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Van Eck, D.

    2009-01-01

    In this paper, I discuss a methodology for the conversion of functional models between functional taxonomies developed by Kitamura et al. (2007) and Ookubo et al. (2007). They apply their methodology to the conversion of functional models described in terms of the Functional Basis taxonomy into

  9. Are anti-inflammatory agents effective in treating gingivitis as solo or adjunct therapies? A systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Polak, David; Martin, Conchita; Sanz-Sánchez, Ignacio; Beyth, Nurit; Shapira, Lior

    2015-04-01

    Systematically review the scientific evidence for efficiency of anti-inflammatory agents against gingivitis, either as solo treatments or adjunctive therapies. A protocol was developed aimed to answer the following focused question: "Are anti-inflammatory agents effective in treating gingivitis as solo or adjunct therapies?" RCTs and cohort studies on anti-inflammatory agents against gingivitis studies were searched electronically. Screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted. The primary outcome measures were indices of gingival inflammation. A sub-analysis was performed dividing the active agents into anti-inflammatory and other drugs. The search identified 3188 studies, of which 14 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The use of anti-inflammatory or other agents, in general showed a higher reduction in the test than in the control in terms of gingival indexes and bleeding scores. Only two RCTs on inflammatory drugs could be meta-analysed, showing a statistically significant reduction in the GI in the experimental group [WMD = -0.090; 95% CI (-0.105; -0.074); p = 0.000]. However, the contribution of both studies to the global result was unbalanced (% weight: 99.88 and 0.12 respectively). Most of the tested material showed beneficial effect as anti-inflammatory agents against gingivitis, either as a single treatment modality or as an adjunctive therapy. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  10. Crescimento inicial de arbóreas nativas em solo salino-sódico do nordeste brasileiro tratado com corretivos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available O excesso de sais e de sódio no solo é um dos fatores que mais contribuem para a degradação química dos solos de perímetros irrigados, em regiões áridas e semiáridas. Por essa razão, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito de corretivos, na recuperação de um solo degradado por excesso de sais e sódio, e o crescimento inicial de cinco arbóreas nativas do bioma Caatinga, em solo salino-sódico. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos, em casa de vegetação, no CCTA/UFCG, utilizando-se amostras de um solo salino-sódico. O primeiro experimento constou de cinco tratamentos de correção do solo: sem corretivo, gesso agrícola na dose de 100% da necessidade de gesso (NG, gesso agrícola na dose de 50% NG mais matéria orgânica (MO, enxofre elementar (S na dose de 100% NG e S na dose de 50% NG + MO, com 15 repetições. No segundo experimento, os tratamentos foram constituídos por um esquema fatorial 5 x 5, sendo cinco espécies arbóreas: tamboril (Enterolobium contortisiliquum, sabiá (Mimosa caelsalpiniifolia, jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora, craibeira (Tabebuia aurea e pereiro (Aspidosperma pyrifolium e cinco tratamentos referentes à correção do solo do primeiro experimento, com três repetições. A aplicação de gesso agrícola ou S com ou sem MO melhorou quimicamente o solo salino-sódico estudado, especialmente diminuindo a PST. Estes tratamentos proporcionaram incrementos no crescimento e acúmulo de massa de matéria seca das espécies arbóreas, principalmente jurema-preta, sabiá e tamboril, e diminuíram o estresse provocado pelo solo salino-sódico sobre as plantas, aumentando a taxa fotossintética.

  11. A Comparison of Solo and Multiplayer Active Videogame Play in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Howcroft, Jennifer; Fehlings, Darcy; Wright, Virginia; Zabjek, Karl; Andrysek, Jan; Biddiss, Elaine

    2012-08-01

    Active videogames (AVGs) have potential in terms of physical activity and therapy for children with cerebral palsy. However, the effect of social interaction on AVG play has not yet been assessed. The objective of this study is to determine if multiplayer AVG versus solo affects levels of energy expenditure and movement patterns. Fifteen children (9.77 [standard deviation (SD) 1.78] years old) with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Function Classification System Level I) participated in solo and multiplayer Nintendo(®) "Wii™ Boxing" (Nintendo, Inc., Redmond, WA) AVG play while energy expenditure and punching frequency were monitored. Moderate levels of physical activity were achieved with no significant differences in energy measures during multiplayer and solo play. Dominant arm punching frequency increased during the multiplayer session from 95.75 (SD 37.93) punches/minute to 107.77 (SD 36.99) punches/minute. Conversely, hemiplegic arm punching frequency decreased from 39.05 (SD 29.57) punches/minutes to 30.73 (SD 24.74) punches/minutes during multiplayer game play. Children enjoyed multiplayer more than solo play. Opportunities to play AVGs with friends and family may translate to more frequent participation in this moderate physical activity. Conversely, increased hemiplegic limb use during solo play may have therapeutic advantages. As such, new strategies are recommended to promote use of the hemiplegic hand during multiplayer AVG play and to optimize commercial AVG systems for applications in virtual reality therapy.

  12. Regional floras, a significant modern trend in plant taxonomy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Steenis, van C.G.G.J.

    1959-01-01

    Besides through monographic work plant taxonomy has a second way of framing synthetic attempts and that is by compiling Florulas and Floras, containing a complete account of the flora of parts of the globe, of cities, islets, islands, states, countries, or continents. Irrespective of their style,

  13. SIFTS: Structure Integration with Function, Taxonomy and Sequences resource

    Science.gov (United States)

    Velankar, Sameer; Dana, José M.; Jacobsen, Julius; van Ginkel, Glen; Gane, Paul J.; Luo, Jie; Oldfield, Thomas J.; O’Donovan, Claire; Martin, Maria-Jesus; Kleywegt, Gerard J.

    2013-01-01

    The Structure Integration with Function, Taxonomy and Sequences resource (SIFTS; http://pdbe.org/sifts) is a close collaboration between the Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe) and UniProt. The two teams have developed a semi-automated process for maintaining up-to-date cross-reference information to UniProt entries, for all protein chains in the PDB entries present in the UniProt database. This process is carried out for every weekly PDB release and the information is stored in the SIFTS database. The SIFTS process includes cross-references to other biological resources such as Pfam, SCOP, CATH, GO, InterPro and the NCBI taxonomy database. The information is exported in XML format, one file for each PDB entry, and is made available by FTP. Many bioinformatics resources use SIFTS data to obtain cross-references between the PDB and other biological databases so as to provide their users with up-to-date information. PMID:23203869

  14. Stability of an empirical psychosocial taxonomy across type of diabetes and treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nouwen, A; Breton, M-C; Urquhart Law, G; Descôteaux, J

    2007-01-01

    The aims of the study were (i) to examine whether an empirical psychosocial taxonomy, based on key diabetes-related variables, is independent of type of diabetes and treatment, and (ii) to further establish the external validation of the taxonomy. In a cross-sectional study, 82 patients with Type 1 and 86 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus were assigned to one of three psychosocial patient profiles based on their Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire (MDQ) scores. General psychological and diabetes-specific measures were obtained through self-report and HbA(1c) was measured. Equal proportions of Type 1 and Type 2 patients, and of patients using insulin and oral medication/diet only were classified within each of the three psychosocial profiles. External validation confirmed the validity and distinctiveness of the patients' profiles. The patient profiles were independent of demographic variables, body mass index, duration of diabetes, complexity of treatment, number of complications, social desirability, and major stress levels. The Psychosocial Taxonomy for Patients with Diabetes provides a new way to categorize individuals who may have more in common than just their type of diabetes and/or its treatment and can help target interventions to individual patients' needs.

  15. A human error taxonomy for analysing healthcare incident reports: assessing reporting culture and its effects on safety perfomance

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Itoh, Kenji; Omata, N.; Andersen, Henning Boje

    2009-01-01

    The present paper reports on a human error taxonomy system developed for healthcare risk management and on its application to evaluating safety performance and reporting culture. The taxonomy comprises dimensions for classifying errors, for performance-shaping factors, and for the maturity...

  16. Father Involvement: The Importance of Paternal Solo Care

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilson, Katherine R.; Prior, Margot R.

    2010-01-01

    Paternal time spent caring for children alone is qualitatively different from time together mediated by the presence of the mother and may be particularly relevant to father-child relations. Many fathers spend minimal time alone with their children. Indeed, it is still commonly referred to as "babysitting". We explored the concept of Solo Care as…

  17. Método geotecnológico integrativo na caracterização de solos desenvolvidos de diferentes materiais de origem

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José A. M Demattê

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento do solo é um aspecto essencial para a aplicação de manejo adequado da cultura. Conciliar a pedologia ao desenvolvimento tecnológico é essencial para o progresso desta ciência. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o uso de produtos do sensoriamento remoto conciliados a um sistema de informações geográficas, na caracterização de solos da região de Piracicaba. Para tanto, incursões a campo e coleta de dados em laboratório foram realizadas. Posteriormente, compilaram-se informações referentes a características qualitativas de rede drenagem e relevo utilizando-se estereoscopia em fotografias aéreas. Características quantitativas de altimetria e declividade através de modelo numérico de terreno, além de características espectrais para os diferentes solos e texturas obtidas a partir de imagens do Landsat 7. Tal metodologia resultou em um banco de dados, no qual se notam diferenças entre todos os solos em pelo menos um dos aspectos avaliados. As características qualitativas da rede de drenagem diferenciaram os solos, não ocorrendo o mesmo com os parâmetros quantitativos de relevo. No caso, os Latossolos e Neossolo Quartzarênicos tiveram grande similaridade. Por outro lado, houve diferença entre as características espectrais destes solos. As características de altitude tiveram maior contribuição na diferenciação dos solos em relação ao parâmetro declividade. A avaliação integrada de informações geotecnologicas permite obter um panorama próximo à real classe do solo.

  18. Capacidade de Suporte de Carga do Solo em Sistemas de Produção de Laranja Conservacionistas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jonez Fidalski

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Sistemas conservacionistas em pomares de laranja podem aumentar a capacidade de suporte de carga do solo minimizando os seus riscos de compactação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de suporte de carga por meio da pressão de preconsolidação e sua dependência a conteúdo de água, densidade e carbono orgânico de um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico latossólico, após 18 anos de implantação de plantas de cobertura permanentes nas entrelinhas de um pomar de laranja. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foram estudados três tratamentos de manejo por meio de roçadas nas entrelinhas do pomar, desde o plantio do pomar em 1993: gramínea Paspalum notatum, leguminosa Arachis pintoi e vegetação espontânea. Cento e oito amostras indeformadas de solo foram coletadas em 2011 sob o rodado e entrerrodado das máquinas nas estrelinhas do pomar com textura arenosa nas camadas de 0,00-0,10 m (87 g kg-1 de argila e 0,10-0,20 m (122 g kg-1 de argila. Determinaram-se as pressões de preconsolidação das curvas de compressão do solo (25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 e 1.600 kPa em conteúdos de água sob três potenciais (-80, -330 e -1.000 hPa, a densidade do solo e o teor de carbono orgânico do solo. A pressão de preconsolidação não foi dependente do conteúdo de água, da densidade do solo e do teor de carbono orgânico do solo. A pressão de preconsolidação sob o rodado na camada de 0,00-0,10 m foi menor nos tratamentos leguminosa e vegetação espontânea. A manutenção permanente da gramínea manejada com roçadas nas entrelinhas do pomar de laranja proporcionou maior capacidade de suporte de carga do solo sob o rodado na camada superficial arenosa.

  19. An Evidence-Based Forensic Taxonomy of Windows Phone Communication Apps.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cahyani, Niken Dwi Wahyu; Martini, Ben; Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond; Ab Rahman, Nurul Hidayah; Ashman, Helen

    2018-05-01

    Communication apps can be an important source of evidence in a forensic investigation (e.g., in the investigation of a drug trafficking or terrorism case where the communications apps were used by the accused persons during the transactions or planning activities). This study presents the first evidence-based forensic taxonomy of Windows Phone communication apps, using an existing two-dimensional Android forensic taxonomy as a baseline. Specifically, 30 Windows Phone communication apps, including Instant Messaging (IM) and Voice over IP (VoIP) apps, are examined. Artifacts extracted using physical acquisition are analyzed, and seven digital evidence objects of forensic interest are identified, namely: Call Log, Chats, Contacts, Locations, Installed Applications, SMSs and User Accounts. Findings from this study would help to facilitate timely and effective forensic investigations involving Windows Phone communication apps. © 2017 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

  20. Developing Learning Objectives for Accounting Ethics Using Bloom's Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kidwell, Linda A.; Fisher, Dann G.; Braun, Robert L.; Swanson, Diane L.

    2013-01-01

    The purpose of our article is to offer a set of core knowledge learning objectives for accounting ethics education. Using Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives, we develop learning objectives in six content areas: codes of ethical conduct, corporate governance, the accounting profession, moral development, classical ethics theories, and…

  1. A critique of current methods in nematode taxonomy | Abebe ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    In the past few decades, there have been efforts to integrate molecular methods and digital 3D image-capturing technology in nematode taxonomy, the former to enhance the accuracy of identification of such a taxonomically challenging group and the latter to communicate morphological data. While the employment of ...

  2. Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Maes, Piet; Alkhovsky, Sergey V.; Bào, Yīmíng; Beer, Martin; Birkhead, Monica; Briese, Thomas; Buchmeier, Michael J.; Calisher, Charles H.; Charrel, Rémi N.; Choi, Il Ryong; Clegg, Christopher S.; Torre, de la Juan Carlos; Delwart, Eric; DeRisi, Joseph L.; Bello, Di Patrick L.; Serio, Di Francesco; Digiaro, Michele; Dolja, Valerian V.; Drosten, Christian; Druciarek, Tobiasz Z.; Du, Jiang; Ebihara, Hideki; Elbeaino, Toufic; Gergerich, Rose C.; Gillis, Amethyst N.; Gonzalez, Jean Paul J.; Haenni, Anne Lise; Hepojoki, Jussi; Hetzel, Udo; Hồ, Thiện; Hóng, Ní; Jain, Rakesh K.; Jansen van Vuren, Petrus; Jin, Qi; Jonson, Miranda Gilda; Junglen, Sandra; Keller, Karen E.; Kemp, Alan; Kipar, Anja; Kondov, Nikola O.; Koonin, Eugene V.; Kormelink, Richard; Korzyukov, Yegor; Krupovic, Mart; Lambert, Amy J.; Laney, Alma G.; LeBreton, Matthew; Lukashevich, Igor S.; Marklewitz, Marco; Markotter, Wanda; Martelli, Giovanni P.; Martin, Robert R.; Mielke-Ehret, Nicole; Mühlbach, Hans Peter; Navarro, Beatriz; Ng, Terry Fei Fan; Nunes, Márcio Roberto Teixeira; Palacios, Gustavo; Pawęska, Janusz T.; Peters, Clarence J.; Plyusnin, Alexander; Radoshitzky, Sheli R.; Romanowski, Víctor; Salmenperä, Pertteli; Salvato, Maria S.; Sanfaçon, Hélène; Sasaya, Takahide; Schmaljohn, Connie; Schneider, Bradley S.; Shirako, Yukio; Siddell, Stuart; Sironen, Tarja A.; Stenglein, Mark D.; Storm, Nadia; Sudini, Harikishan; Tesh, Robert B.; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.; Uppala, Mangala; Vapalahti, Olli; Vasilakis, Nikos; Walker, Peter J.; Wáng, Guópíng; Wáng, Lìpíng; Wáng, Yànxiăng; Wèi, Tàiyún; Wiley, Michael R.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Wolfe, Nathan D.; Wú, Zhìqiáng; Xú, Wénxìng; Yang, Li; Yāng, Zuòkūn; Yeh, Shyi Dong; Zhāng, Yǒng Zhèn; Zhèng, Yàzhōu; Zhou, Xueping; Zhū, Chénxī; Zirkel, Florian; Kuhn, Jens H.

    2018-01-01

    In 2018, the family Arenaviridae was expanded by inclusion of 1 new genus and 5 novel species. At the same time, the recently established order Bunyavirales was expanded by 3 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by

  3. ANÁLISE DE PERFIS DE SONDAGEM SPT E CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOTÉCNICA DE SOLOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE NATAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kadson Ranniere da Rocha Câmara

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a caracterização geotécnica de solos do município de Natal para fins de obtenção de parâmetros de resistência ao cisalhamento e de deformabilidade do material. Quatro zonas foram definidas para a compilação de resultados de relatórios de sondagens tipo SPT (Standard Penetration Test, buscando-se destacar aspectos que diferenciem geotecnicamente as zonas consideradas. Campanhas de ensaios de laboratório foram relizadas para a idendificação de características geotécnicas (perfil de umidades e granulometria, densidade das partículas e deformabilidade de solo definido como referência para as análises. Parâmetros de resistência ao cisalhamento e de deformabilidade dos solos encontrados foram determinados mediante emprego de equações empíricas. Os resultados encontrados indicam haver importante variabilidade nas propriedades geotécnicas dos solos analisados, tanto para solos pertencentes a uma mesma zona como para solos de zonas distintas. O posicionamento das unidades geotécnicas e o estado de compacidade das mesmas consistem em variáveis destacadas no estudo realizado. Palavras-chaves: Mecânica dos Solos; Ensaios In Situ; Perfis SPT; Caracterização Geotécnica.

  4. Planetary Taxonomy: Label Round Bodies "Worlds"

    Science.gov (United States)

    Margot, Jean-Luc; Levison, H. F.

    2009-05-01

    The classification of planetary bodies is as important to Astronomy as taxonomy is to other sciences. The etymological, historical, and IAU definitions of planet rely on a dynamical criterion, but some authors prefer a geophysical criterion based on "roundness". Although the former criterion is superior when it comes to classifying newly discovered objects, the conflict need not exist if we agree to identify the subset of "round" planetary objects as "worlds". This addition to the taxonomy would conveniently recognize that "round" objects such as Earth, Europa, Titan, Triton, and Pluto share some common planetary-type processes regardless of their distance from the host star. Some of these worlds are planets, others are not. Defining how round is round and handling the inevitable transition objects are non-trivial tasks. Because images at sufficient resolution are not available for the overwhelming majority of newly discovered objects, the degree of roundness is not a directly observable property and is inherently problematic as a basis for classification. We can tolerate some uncertainty in establishing the "world" status of a newly discovered object, and still establish its planet or satellite status with existing dynamical criteria. Because orbital parameters are directly observable, and because mass can often be measured either from orbital perturbations or from the presence of companions, the dynamics provide a robust and practical planet classification scheme. It may also be possible to determine which bodies are dynamically dominant from observations of the population magnitude/size distribution.

  5. Global Culture, Learning Style, and Outcome: An Interdisciplinary Empirical Study of International University Students

    Science.gov (United States)

    Strang, Kenneth David

    2010-01-01

    The study examined 2500 business degree students from 21 countries, enrolled at an Australian university, using a survey to assess learning style, which was integrated into a global culture taxonomy. The research hypothesis was that academic outcome could be explained through an interdisciplinary model, by integrating proven theories from…

  6. RESISTÊNCIA DO SOLO EM CULTIVO DE TABACO COM DIFERENTES FORMAS DE MANEJO NA REGIÃO SUDESTE DO PARANÁ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Valdemir Antoneli

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available O cultivo do tabaco é uma alternativa rentável para as pequenas propriedades da região Sudeste do Estado do Paraná, principalmente por ser cultivado em áreas impróprias para a agricultura (solos rasos e declividade acentuada. Nas áreas com restrições ao uso, o tabaco é cultivado sob plantio convencional e nas áreas mais planas utiliza-se o plantio direto. A variação na forma de plantio pode influenciar na resistência do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a influência do manejo do solo na resistência do solo em áreas de cultivo de tabaco com plantio convencional e plantio direto. Foram identificados 10 pontos para o monitoramento da resistência do solo em cada forma de plantio com coletas quinzenais entre setembro (início do plantio a fevereiro (término da colheita. Foi utilizado o método de perfis transversais entre as linhas de plantio. As mensurações foram realizadas com um penetrômetro de bolso. Ao término da pesquisa foi observado que as atividades diárias realizadas no cultivo do tabaco influenciam na resistência do solo, mesmo com formas diferentes de cultivo.

  7. CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-HÍDRICA DE SOLOS REPRESENTATIVOS DA REGIÃO DO AGROPOLO ASSU-MOSSORÓ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Samuel José da Silva Neto

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Na economia do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, destaca-se a fruticultura, com realce para o melão, banana, manga e mamão. A região do Agropolo Assu-Mossoró apresenta como características de produção agrícola a produção de frutas para exportação como melão em solos de origem calcária. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi de caracterizar os parâmetros físico-hídricos de cinco solos representativos da região produtora conhecida como Agropolo Assu-Mossoró. As analises realizadas: granulométrica realizada pelo método do Densímetro, densidade de partículas, densidade aparente e curva de retenção de água no solo. A densidade de partícula encontrada variou de 2.61 até 2.66 g/cm3. Os conteúdos de água retida nos diferentes pontos de tensão representada pelas curvas características de retenção de água demonstram essa relação com maior eficiência, onde se observam as variações das características físicas e hídricas, por cada tipo de solo analisado. Os solos da região do Agropolo Assu-Mossoró são solos de boa qualidade do ponto de vista físico-hídrico, e se bem manejados apresentam grande potencial produtivo para região.

  8. Adsorção de boro em solos de várzea do Sul de Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azevedo Watson Rogério de

    2001-01-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a adsorção de B em quatro solos de várzea da região de Lavras, MG, por meio dos parâmetros das isotermas de Langmuir e Freundlich, no período de outubro a novembro de 1998. Amostraram-se solos Aluvial, Glei Pouco Húmico, Glei Húmico, e Orgânico artificialmente drenado, coletados na camada de 0-20 cm e peneirados para 2 mm. Amostras com e sem calagem foram incubadas durante 30 dias. Duplicatas de 4,0 g de solo de cada classe foram acondicionadas em tubos de polietileno com oito diferentes doses de B (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24 e 32 mig mL-1 preparadas em CaCl2.2H2O 0,01 mol L-1, com ácido bórico como fonte. Os teores de B na solução de equilíbrio foram determinados pelo método da Azometina-H. Os resultados mostraram que alto teor de matéria orgânica confere ao solo Glei Húmico maior capacidade de adsorver boro. A matéria orgânica, a superfície específica, caulinita e alumínio trocável foram os atributos dos solos que se correlacionaram diretamente com a capacidade máxima de adsorção de B (CMAB. A calagem proporcionou diminuição da CMAB em todos os solos.

  9. A taxonomy of distributed denial of service attacks

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    De Donno, Michele; Giaretta, Alberto; Dragoni, Nicola

    2017-01-01

    Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks which are now even more powerful and easier to achieve than the past. Understanding how these attacks work, in all their different forms, represents a first crucial step to tackle this urgent issue. To this end, in this paper we propose a new up-to-date taxonomy...... and a comprehensive classification of current DDoS attacks....

  10. Taxonomy of Lecture Note-Taking Skills and Subskills

    Science.gov (United States)

    Al-Musalli, Alaa M.

    2015-01-01

    Note taking (NT) in lectures is as active a skill as listening, which stimulates it, and as challenging as writing, which is the end product. Literature on lecture NT misses an integration of the processes involved in listening with those in NT. In this article, a taxonomy is proposed of lecture NT skills and subskills based on a similar list…

  11. Propriedades químicas e manejo de solos tiomórficos da várzea do Rio Coruripe, estado de Alagoas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    V. S. Souza Júnior

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Com o objetivo de estudar as propriedades químicas de solos tiomórficos da várzea do rio Coruripe, no estado de Alagoas, foram selecionados seis perfis de Gleissolos e Organossolos, na área pertencente à Usina Coruripe, onde estão estabelecidos um sistema de drenagem e a cultura da cana-de-açúcar. Os solos foram caracterizados morfologicamente, e amostras de cada horizonte foram coletadas para determinações químicas no solo e no extrato da pasta saturada, utilizando amostras na umidade de campo e secas ao ar. Foi realizado um teste de calagem em casa de vegetação com amostras compostas, representativas da área de dois perfis selecionados, nas profundidades de 0-20 e 20-40 cm. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o maior desenvolvimento dos horizontes sulfúricos ocorreu nos solos com mais altos teores de matéria orgânica. O processo de secagem das amostras em laboratório promoveu a oxidação dos sulfetos e a formação de ácido sulfúrico, alterando as condições naturais dos solos no campo. A alta condutividade elétrica observada nos solos tiomórficos estudados não é indicativo de salinidade e está relacionada com a formação de ácido sulfúrico. As características químicas peculiares observadas neste estudo sugerem a realização de pesquisas sobre métodos apropriados de amostragem e análises, específicos a estes solos. Para correção do alumínio trocável dos horizontes superficiais dos solos estudados, foram necessárias doses de 11 a 25 t ha-1 de CaCO3. A manutenção do solo úmido, por meio do controle do lençol freático à profundidade em torno de 30 cm, é a forma mais eficiente e sustentável de controle da acidez dos solos tiomórficos, constituindo condição indispensável à utilização dos solos com cana-de-açúcar.

  12. The National Solo and Ensemble Contest 1929-1937

    Science.gov (United States)

    Meyers, Brian D.

    2012-01-01

    This study is the first investigation of the nine-year history of the National Solo and Ensemble Contests, held in the United States in conjunction with the National School Band and Orchestra Contests of the late 1920s and early to mid-1930s. Primary sources used include letters from those involved with the planning of the contests, meeting…

  13. Fósforo microbiano em solos sob pastagem natural submetida à queima e pastejo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Bittencourt de Oliveira

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Em ecossistemas de pastagens naturais deficientes em P disponível, a imobilização temporária do P na biomassa microbiana e sua posterior mineralização podem ser considerados mecanismo potencial de suprimento de P às plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da queima e do pastejo da vegetação campestre sobre a dinâmica do P no solo, com ênfase no conteúdo de P imobilizado na biomassa microbiana. Os tratamentos consistiram da associação do pastejo (presença ou ausência e da queima (ausência ou presença numa pastagem natural manejada há 13 anos com histórico de queimadas e de pastejo nas posições de relevo de encosta (Argissolo e de baixada (Planossolo. A queima e o pastejo foram arranjados em delineamento completamente casualizado com quatro repetições. Coletaram-se amostras de solo na camada de 0-10 cm em duas épocas, durante a estação de crescimento da pastagem natural, sempre logo após o pastejo. A carga animal utilizada foi calculada adotando-se uma taxa de utilização de 20-35 % da massa de forragem. Determinaram-se o teor de P armazenado na biomassa microbiana do solo, o teor de P total e o de P orgânico total. A análise estatística dos resultados foi baseada em análise de variância via testes de aleatorização. O teor de P microbiano do solo sob pastagem natural variou de 11,4 a 57,3 mg kg-1, representando, em média, 38 e 32 % do P orgânico total do solo, na primeira e na segunda coleta, respectivamente. O P imobilizado na biomassa microbiana constitui a reserva potencial de P capaz de suprir a demanda de espécies nativas nas pastagens naturais, além de ser indicador mais sensível que o teor de P orgânico total do solo para detectar as alterações promovidas pelo pastejo. O manejo das pastagens naturais com fogo diminui a amplitude do incremento de P microbiano decorrente do pastejo.

  14. Technology and Bloom's Taxonomy: Tools to Facilitate Higher-Level Learning in Chemistry

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Morgan, Matthew

    1997-01-01

    This research project ties together chemistry data acquisition technology, introductory chemistry laboratory experiments, and Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives into a unified learning model...

  15. Crescimento e nodulação de Acacia mangium, Enterolobium contortisiliquum e Sesbania virgata em solo contaminado com metais pesados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. C. B. Trannin

    2001-09-01

    Full Text Available Um dos desafios atuais da pesquisa é encontrar plantas e microssimbiontes tolerantes e que possibilitem a revegetação de áreas degradadas por excesso de metais pesados. Este experimento foi realizado no período de agosto a dezembro de 1998, em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Ciência do Solo da UFLA, Lavras (MG, com o objetivo de avaliar a tolerância a metais pesados e a capacidade de estabelecimento de simbiose de rizóbio de diferentes origens com Enterolobium contortisiliquum (tamboril, Acacia mangium (acácia e Sesbania virgata (sesbânia, em misturas de solos, que continham proporções de solo contaminado (PSC: (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60% v/v com Zn, Cd, Pb e Cu (18.600, 135, 600 e 596 mg dm-3, extraídos por aqua regia, respectivamente, diluído em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico. Estirpes recomendadas (E e isolados de solo contaminado (ISC e de solo não contaminado (ISNC, cuja tolerância a Cu, Cd e Zn foi determinada previamente "in vitro", foram inoculados. O aumento da PSC nas misturas inibiu o crescimento vegetativo, a produção de matéria seca e a nodulação das três espécies. A simbiose tamboril-BR4406 foi a mais tolerante e acácia-BR3617 a mais sensível à contaminação do solo. Os ISC que foram mais tolerantes "in vitro" formaram nódulos eficientes em solo sem contaminação, mas foram ineficientes em solos contaminados. Na PSC 15% (Zn = 750; Cd = 22,1; Pb = 65,1 e Cu = 111 mg dm-3 extraídos por DTPA a atividade específica da nitrogenase aumentou 5 e 10 vezes em relação ao solo sem contaminação para as simbioses sesbânia-BR5401 e tamboril-BR4406, respectivamente. A tolerância de rizóbio a metais "in vitro" não correspondeu à tolerância da simbiose em solo contaminado.

  16. Resposta espectral de solos em razão do ângulo de visada, da umidade e da rugosidade superficial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ACCIOLY LUCIANO JOSÉ DE OLIVEIRA

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as variações do fator de refletância bidirecional (FRB de três séries de solo (McAllister, Stronghold e Epitaph da microbacia experimental de Walnut Gulch (Arizona, EUA em razão do ângulo de visada, da rugosidade superficial e do teor de umidade. Foram consideradas as faixas espectrais do visível e do infravermelho próximo e médio presentes no sensor TM, e os resultados foram expressos em termos de FRB em relação à resposta no Nadir (FRB relativo. O anisotropismo variou de solo para solo e foi maior nas menores faixas espectrais, nos ângulos de visada maiores localizados na direção do retroespalhamento, nos ângulos solar-zenitais maiores, e na condição de solo seco. No solo Epitaph (único solo submetido ao estudo de rugosidade o anisotropismo foi também maior na superfície mais rugosa. Entretanto, uma melhor diferenciação entre as superfícies lisa e rugosa do solo Epitaph foi obtida na direção do espalhamento da energia refletida. Diferenças na escala e nos métodos de obtenção dos dados são apontadas como causas do realce do comportamento anisotrópico dos dados obtidos em condições de laboratório, em comparação com os dados de campo.

  17. Aligning seminars with Bologna requirements

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lueg, Rainer; Lueg, Klarissa; Lauridsen, Ole

    2016-01-01

    Changes in public policy, such as the Bologna Process, require students to be equipped with multifunctional competencies to master relevant tasks in unfamiliar situations. Achieving this goal might imply a change in many curricula toward deeper learning. As a didactical means to achieve deep...... learning results, the authors suggest reciprocal peer tutoring (RPT); as a conceptual framework the authors suggest the SOLO (Structure of Observed Learning Outcomes) taxonomy and constructive alignment as suggested by Biggs and Tang. Our study presents results from the introduction of RPT in a large...... and students, suggest that RPT fosters deeper learning than does teacher-led instruction. Based on these findings, the authors also offer guidelines regarding how to implement RPT and how to overcome barriers....

  18. Amenizante Orgânico e Eucalyptus grandis para Fitoestabilização de Solo Contaminado com Cobre

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rudinei De Marco

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Este trabalho avaliou a utilização de turfa como amenizante e Eucalyptus grandis como técnica de fitoestabilização para remediar solo contaminado com cobre. O trabalho foi conduzido sob delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial (2 × 6, sendo sem e com adição de turfa (200 mL L-1 de solo e seis doses de cobre adicionadas ao solo (0 mg kg-1, 60 mg kg-1, 120 mg kg-1, 180 mg kg-1, 240 mg kg-1, 300 mg kg-1 de solo, com seis repetições. Avaliaram-se a altura das mudas, o diâmetro do colo, a massa seca radicular e aérea, a área superficial específica, os teores e a quantidade acumulada de cobre no sistema radicular e na parte aérea e o índice de translocação. A adição de turfa possibilitou efeito amenizante da contaminação por cobre e favoreceu o crescimento das mudas. As mudas de Eucalyptus grandis apresentam elevado acúmulo de cobre nas raízes, o que permite indicá-la como promissora para fins de fitoestabilização de solos contaminados com cobre.

  19. Characters in Arctostaphylos taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Keeley, Jon E.; Parker, V. Thomas; Vasey, Michael C.

    2017-01-01

    There is value in understanding the past and how it has affected the present. Science focuses on empirical findings, and we know that our prior experiences and those of our predecessors play important roles in determining how we interpret the present. We learn from accomplishments and foibles of predecessors and appreciate the real life experiences we have gone through. In our studies of the genus Arctostaphylos Adans. we have been struck by the fascinating stories surrounding taxonomists who have played roles in the development of our current understanding of the group. In addition to providing insights, they sometimes provide humor and lessons on the value of competition versus collaboration. We offer this history of the humans that forged the taxonomy behind Arctostaphylos classification in this light.

  20. Role of genomic typing in taxonomy, evolutionary genetics, and microbial epidemiology.

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    A.F. van Belkum (Alex); M. Struelens; A. de Visser (Arjan); H.A. Verbrugh (Henri); M. Tibayrench

    2001-01-01

    textabstractCurrently, genetic typing of microorganisms is widely used in several major fields of microbiological research. Taxonomy, research aimed at elucidation of evolutionary dynamics or phylogenetic relationships, population genetics of microorganisms, and

  1. Aplicação da Equação Universal de Perda do Solo (USLE) em Softwares Livres e Gratuitos

    OpenAIRE

    Amanda Fernandes Barbosa; Everton Falcão de Oliveira; Camila Leonardo Mioto; Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho

    2015-01-01

    A erosão é uma das formas mais prejudiciais de degradação do solo. Além de reduzir o potencial produtivo das culturas, pode causar sérios danos ambientais, como poluição dos meios híbridos, com a consequente alteração dos ecossistemas aquáticos e assoreamento dos cursos de água. A Equação Universal de Perda do Solo (USLE), que permite estimar a erosão, sob variadas condições de uso e cobertura do solo, declividade, comprimento de rampa, tipos de solo e chuva, por meio da elaboraçã...

  2. Dinâmica da emissão de metano em solos sob cultivo de arroz irrigado no sul do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Leandro Souza da Silva

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available Solos de várzea sob cultivo de arroz irrigado contribuem com aproximadamente 18 % das emissões totais de metano (CH4 do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Entretanto, a liberação de CH4 depende do curso de redução de cada solo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica da emissão desse gás de efeito estufa (GEE em seis solos: Gleissolo (2, Planossolo (2, Chernossolo e Neossolo, representativos do cultivo de arroz irrigado no Sul do Brasil, visando identificar também sua relação com propriedades do solo e as alterações eletroquímicas da solução após o alagamento. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, com três repetições, segundo delineamento de blocos casualizados. Os solos foram dispostos em vasos de PVC mantidos com uma lâmina de água de 10 cm de altura e cultivados com arroz. A avaliação das emissões de CH4 foi realizada semanalmente, do 3º ao 66º dia após o alagamento (DAA do solo, com o auxílio de uma câmara de PVC acoplada ao topo dos vasos. As amostras de ar foram coletadas em quatro intervalos de 5 min, para estimativa das taxas de emissão de CH4. A solução do solo também foi coletada e caracterizada. O início da emissão de CH4 variou entre os solos e, normalmente, ocorreu após a quase total redução do Fe3+ (em torno de 90 % da maior liberação de Fe2+ e estabilização dos valores de pH e de Eh da solução. A emissão total de CH4 variou de 8,5 a 44,2 g m-2 e apresentou relação sigmoidal com os teores de C orgânico dos solos (r²=0,83, p < 0,05, sugerindo que a disponibilidade de C somente foi limitante para o processo de metanogênese em teores inferiores a 8 g kg-1 de C no solo. Os resultados mostram que a dinâmica e as quantidades totais de CH4 emitidas são influenciadas pelo tipo de solo e que esforços devem ser direcionados para determinação dos fatores de emissão de CH4 para os diferentes solos representativos da produção de arroz no Sul do Brasil, bem como na

  3. Sistema de aquisição de dados para equipamento de medida da permeabilidade intrínseca do solo ao ar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luciano Roberto da Silveira

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available A permeabilidade intrínseca - ou simplesmente permeabilidade do solo ao ar - é uma propriedade importante para a identificação de alterações no espaço poroso do solo causadas pelas práticas de manejo, na estimativa de propriedades do solo mais difíceis e onerosas e na composição de modelos de fluxo de fluidos em solos agrícolas e em solos contaminados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi construir um sistema de aquisição de dados (módulo eletrônico e programa computacional para a medida da permeabilidade do solo ao ar em laboratório, utilizando-se materiais disponíveis no local e ferramentas computacionais de acesso livre. O sistema de aquisição de dados mostrou-se bastante preciso na determinação da permeabilidade do solo ao ar, com intervalo de confiança de 9,42 ± 0,085 μm² (95 %, para uma amostra-padrão constituída de partículas com diâmetro de 0,106 a 0,250 mm da fração areia de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo textura média. A estimativa da permeabilidade do solo ao ar, considerando a viscosidade dinâmica do ar em função da temperatura, foi significativamente maior que a estimativa com valor fixo de viscosidade dinâmica em aproximadamente 20 ºC. A medição realizada em uma amostra de solo com estrutura indeformada de um Latossolo Vermelho foi tão precisa quanto à da amostra-padrão, e a estimativa da massa de água removida da amostra foi de 3,27 mg.

  4. Classifying orofacial pains: a new proposal of taxonomy based on ontology

    Science.gov (United States)

    NIXDORF, D. R.; DRANGSHOLT, M. T.; ETTLIN, D. A.; GAUL, C.; DE LEEUW, R.; SVENSSON, P.; ZAKRZEWSKA, J. M.; DE LAAT, A.; CEUSTERS, W.

    2012-01-01

    SUMMARY Propose a new taxonomy model based on ontological principles for disorders that manifest themselves through the symptom of persistent orofacial pain and are commonly seen in clinical practice and difficult to manage. Consensus meeting of eight experts from various geographic areas representing different perspectives (orofacial pain, headache, oral medicine and ontology) as an initial step towards improving the taxonomy. Ontological principles were introduced, reviewed and applied during the consensus building process. Diagnostic criteria for persistent dento-alveolar pain disorder (PDAP) were formulated as an example to be used to model the taxonomical structure of all orofacial pain conditions. These criteria have the advantage of being (i) anatomically defined, (ii) in accordance with other classification systems for the provision of clinical care, (iii) descriptive and succinct, (iv) easy to adapt for applications in varying settings, (v) scalable and (vi) transferable for the description of pain disorders in other orofacial regions of interest. Limitations are that the criteria introduce new terminology, do not have widespread acceptance and have yet to be tested. These results were presented to the greater conference membership and were unanimously accepted. Consensus for the diagnostic criteria of PDAP was established within this working group. This is an initial first step towards developing a coherent taxonomy for orofacial pain disorders, which is needed to improve clinical research and care. PMID:21848527

  5. Classifying orofacial pains: a new proposal of taxonomy based on ontology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nixdorf, D R; Drangsholt, M T; Ettlin, D A; Gaul, C; De Leeuw, R; Svensson, P; Zakrzewska, J M; De Laat, A; Ceusters, W

    2012-03-01

    We propose a new taxonomy model based on ontological principles for disorders that manifest themselves through the symptom of persistent orofacial pain and are commonly seen in clinical practice and difficult to manage. Consensus meeting of eight experts from various geographic areas representing different perspectives (orofacial pain, headache, oral medicine and ontology) as an initial step towards improving the taxonomy. Ontological principles were introduced, reviewed and applied during the consensus building process. Diagnostic criteria for persistent dento-alveolar pain disorder (PDAP) were formulated as an example to be used to model the taxonomical structure of all orofacial pain conditions. These criteria have the advantage of being (i) anatomically defined, (ii) in accordance with other classification systems for the provision of clinical care, (iii) descriptive and succinct, (iv) easy to adapt for applications in varying settings, (v) scalable and (vi) transferable for the description of pain disorders in other orofacial regions of interest. Limitations are that the criteria introduce new terminology, do not have widespread acceptance and have yet to be tested. These results were presented to the greater conference membership and were unanimously accepted. Consensus for the diagnostic criteria of PDAP was established within this working group. This is an initial first step towards developing a coherent taxonomy for orofacial pain disorders, which is needed to improve clinical research and care. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

  6. Propriedades físicas do solo em função de manejos em lavouras de cafeeiro conilon

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Teóphilo André Maretto Effgen

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Os solos de uso agrícola estão sujeitos a modificações em suas propriedades, de acordo com o tipo de uso e sistemas de manejo adotados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, em diferentes locais de amostragem, as propriedades físicas de solos cultivados com lavouras cafeeiras, sob distintos manejos, no sul do Estado do Espírito Santo. Foram realizadas amostragens nas camadas de 0,00-0,20 m e 0,20-0,40 m, na parte superior da projeção da "saia" do cafeeiro, em relação ao sentido de declive do terreno. Foram utilizadas, para o estudo, lavouras representativas da região sul do Estado, apresentando a mesma classe de solo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, relevo forte ondulado, tendo os seguintes manejos: M1 - irrigação por gotejamento, calagem a cada dois anos, adubação, roçadas e uso da palha de café; M2 - adubação, roçadas e capinas; M3 - capinas e roçadas. Em cada manejo, foram avaliados os seguintes locais de amostragem: TS - terço superior, TM - terço médio; TI - terço inferior, ao longo do declive. As propriedades físicas avaliadas foram: densidade do solo, porosidade total, macroporosidade, microporosidade e resistência do solo à penetração. Para as condições experimentais, a resistência do solo à penetração, a macroporosidade e a microporosidade mostraram-se importantes indicadores físicos da qualidade do solo, influenciados pelo manejo, local de amostragem e camada avaliada.

  7. Atributos micromorfológicos de solos do Projeto Jaíba, norte de Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. V. Oliveira

    2000-03-01

    Full Text Available Amostras indeformadas de horizontes representativos de solos do Projeto Jaíba, norte de Minas Gerais, e camadas compactadas e não compactadas de solos sob uso intensivo foram coletadas e analisadas micromorfologicamente, com vistas em obter maiores informações relativas ao seu grau de evolução e avaliar as alterações causadas nos solos pelo uso agrícola. Foram estudados quatro solos derivados de calcário (P1, P2, P3 e P4 e um originado a partir de sedimentos detríticos (P5, além das camadas com e sem indícios de compactação. A micromorfologia revelou que os solos apresentam características bastante distintas e variáveis, dependendo da classe e do material de origem. O Cambissolo originado de calcário tem como característica marcante o fluxo vertical de sílica e argila, sem, no entanto, caracterizar horizonte B textural, além de maior desenvolvimento de estrutura em blocos. O Cambissolo originado de sedimentos detríticos apresenta fluxo lateral de argila, presença marcante de cutãs de difusão de ferro e estrutura menos desenvolvida tendendo a granular. O Podzólico Vermelho-Escuro apresentou estrutura em blocos e presença de cutãs de deposição, muitos destes incorporados pela matriz, o que pode indicar transição para Latossolo. Os Latossolos apresentam-se com estrutura granular, mas esta é muito menos desenvolvida que a observada para os Latossolos gibbsíticos já analisados no País, o que pode indicar um menor grau de evolução destes solos. A atividade da fauna parece ser o principal agente responsável pelo desenvolvimento da microestrutura do Podzólico e dos Latossolos. Quanto à compactação, a micromorfologia relevou diferenças na organização do plasma e na forma dos poros, quando se compararam camadas compactadas com não compactadas. De maneira geral, o plasma das camadas compactadas é mais denso e os poros se apresentam alterados em razão do esforço físico impingido aos solos.

  8. Crescimento de plantas de milho submetidas a déficit hídrico em solos de diferentes texturas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Carlesso

    1999-03-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste experimento foi quantificar variações no dossel vegetativo de plantas de milho submetidas a dois manejos da água de irrigação em solos de três texturas (argila pesada, franco-argilo-siltosa e franco-arenosa. O experimento foi instalado em área do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, no ano agrícola 1995/1996. Utilizou-se um conjunto de 12 lisímetros de drenagem com dimensões de 156 cm de comprimento, 100 cm de largura e 80 cm de profundidade, protegidos das precipitações por meio de uma cobertura móvel. Os tratamentos consistiram de dois níveis de manejos da água no solo (irrigado e déficit hídrico terminal e três texturas de solos. Os resultados demonstraram que a redução no índice de área foliar das plantas de milho submetidas a déficit hídrico foi maior em solos de textura argila pesada e franco-argilo-siltosa do que no solo de textura franco-arenosa. A altura das plantas de milho diminuiu quando a fração de água disponível às plantas foi inferior a 0,57, 0,74 e 0,52, para os solos de textura argila pesada, franco-argilo-siltosa e franco-arenosa, respectivamente.

  9. Relações entre uso do solo, relevo e fertilidade do solo em escala de microbacia Relationships among land use, relief and soil fertility at watershed scale

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio C. dos Santos

    2008-10-01

    Full Text Available A produtividade em sistemas agrícolas de subsistência depende do nível de fertilidade natural do solo. Em condições de relevo forte ondulado, espera-se que a fertilidade do solo se modifique não apenas pelo tipo de uso mas, também, devido à sua posição no relevo. Para avaliar essas modificações, 260 amostras simples de solo (0-20 cm da microbacia Vaca Brava, PB, representando combinações de três usos do solo, cinco posições no relevo e cinco classes texturais, foram analisadas quanto aos teores de P disponível, bases e acidez trocáveis. Ca e Mg compreenderam 75-80% dos cátions trocáveis, K e Na, de 10 a 15%, e H+Al, 10%; o valor de pH médio foi 5,5, enquanto P Mehlich-1 foi, em média, 3,8 mg kg-1 solo. Apesar dos efeitos significativos (p Productivity in subsistence agricultural systems relies on natural soil fertility levels. Under strongly undulated relief conditions, it is expected that soil fertility will be determined not only by land use, but also by the position in the landscape. To study these relationships 260 single soil samples (0-20 cm from the Vaca Brava watershed, Paraiba, representing combinations of three land uses, five positions in the landscape and five textures were analyzed for extractable P, exchangeable bases and soil acidity. Ca and Mg comprised 75-80% of exchangeable cations, K and Na between 10 and 15% and H+Al 10%. The average pH was 5.5, while extractable P (Mehlich-1 averaged 3.8 mg kg-1 soil. Although land use, relief and texture exerted significant effects (p < 0.05 upon certain nutrient concentrations, in a broad sense the watershed appeared relatively uniform. The main effect of land use resulted from the use of animal manure in areas of subsistence agriculture and fodder, which were preferentially located at the base of stopes and low lands positions. Approximately 80% of the samples were low in extractable P, while 70% had medium levels of extractable K. However, when available K was

  10. Frequency and Nature of Infectious Risk Moments During Acute Care Based on the INFORM Structured Classification Taxonomy.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Clack, Lauren; Passerini, Simone; Wolfensberger, Aline; Sax, Hugo; Manser, Tanja

    2018-03-01

    OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to establish a comprehensive inventory of infectious risk moments (IRMs), defined as seemingly innocuous yet frequently occurring care manipulations potentially resulting in transfer of pathogens to patients. We also aimed to develop and employ an observational taxonomy to quantify the frequency and nature of IRMs in acute-care settings. DESIGN Prospective observational study and establishment of observational taxonomy. SETTING Intensive care unit, general medical ward, and emergency ward of a university-affiliated hospital. PARTICIPANTS Healthcare workers (HCWs) METHODS Exploratory observations were conducted to identify IRMs, which were coded based on the surfaces involved in the transmission pathway to establish a structured taxonomy. Structured observations were performed using this taxonomy to quantify IRMs in all 3 settings. RESULTS Following 129.17 hours of exploratory observations, identified IRMs involved HCW hands, gloves, care devices, mobile objects, and HCW clothing and accessories. A structured taxonomy called INFORM (INFectiOus Risk Moment) was established to classify each IRM according to the source, vector, and endpoint of potential pathogen transfer. We observed 1,138 IRMs during 53.77 hours of structured observations (31.25 active care hours) for an average foundation of 42.8 IRMs per active care hour overall, and average densities of 34.9, 36.8, and 56.3 IRMs in the intensive care, medical, and emergency wards, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Hands and gloves remain among the most important contributors to the transfer of pathogens within the healthcare setting, but medical devices, mobile objects, invasive devices, and HCW clothing and accessories may also contribute to patient colonization and/or infection. The INFORM observational taxonomy and IRM inventory presented may benefit clinical risk assessment, training and education, and future research. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:272-279.

  11. Going solo: Findings from a survey of women aging without a partner and who do not have children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hafford-Letchfield, Trish; Lambert, Nicky; Long, Ellouise; Brady, Dominique

    2017-01-01

    Greater longevity in the UK population has led to the increasing diversity of women experiencing aging in a multitude of ways. Internationally, gender inequalities in aging are still relatively invisible within both government policy and everyday life for particular groups of women. This article explores the concept of women growing older "solo"-by which we mean women who find themselves nonpartnered and aging without children as they move into later life. We report on the findings from a mixed-methods survey of 76 solo women in the UK aged 50 years and over, used to provide a broader overview of the issues and challenges they face as they move into later life. Qualitative data from the survey captured respondents' perspectives about the links between their relationships status and well-being in later life and highlighted specific cumulative disadvantages emerging for some women as a result of their solo lifestyles. We discuss two key themes that were identified, "solo-loneliness" and "meaningful futures," in conjunction with the relevant literature and make suggestions for future research within gender and aging studies that could enhance more positive approaches to solo lifestyles.

  12. Espectroscopia de infravermelho na determinação da textura do solo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Maris Ferraresi

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available A aplicação de técnicas espectroscópicas que utilizam a radiação infravermelha (NIRS-Near Infrared Spectroscopy e DRIFTS-Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transformed Spectroscopy na análise inorgânica do solo tem sido proposta desde a década de 1970, mas até os dias atuais são raros os métodos implementados rotineiramente no Brasil. Isso deve-se à dificuldade em construir modelos de calibração, por meio de métodos estatísticos multivariados, utilizando-se amostras reais de solo, de constituição complexa, que varia geograficamente e de acordo com o manejo. Por isso, os objetivos deste trabalho foram construir modelos de calibração em NIRS e DRIFTS para a quantificação das frações de argila e areia, em amostras de solos de classes diferentes - Latossolo Vermelho (predominante, Nitossolo, Argissolo Vermelho e Neossolo Quartzarênico - e avaliar qual dessas duas técnicas é mais adequada para essa finalidade, assim como a interferência do agrupamento de amostras e da seleção de variáveis espectrais na qualidade desses modelos. Para isso, valores de referência obtidos pelo método do densímetro, método largamente utilizado nos laboratórios de análise de solo, foram correlacionados com valores de absorbância em NIRS e DRIFTS pela ferramenta estatística PLS (Partial Least Squares, obtendo-se altos coeficientes de determinação (R², de 0,95, 0,90 e 0,91 para argila, silte e areia, respectivamente, na validação externa. Isso confirma a aplicabilidade das técnicas espectroscópicas na análise granulométrica do solo para fins agrícolas. O agrupamento das amostras segundo a localização e a seleção de variáveis espectrais pouco influenciou na qualidade dos modelos. A técnica espectroscópica mais indicada para essa finalidade foi a DRIFTS.

  13. Taxonomy for complexity theory in the context of maternity care

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nieuwenhuize, M.; Downe, S.; Gottfreðsdóttir, H.; Rijnders, M.; Preez, A. du; Vaz Rebelo, P.

    2015-01-01

    Background The linear focus of ‘normal science’ is unable toadequately take account of the complex interactions that direct health care systems. There is a turn towards complexity theory as a more appropriate framework for understanding system behaviour. However, a comprehensive taxonomy for

  14. Staple Food Self-Sufficiency of Farmers Household Level in The Great Solo

    Science.gov (United States)

    Darsono

    2017-04-01

    Analysis of food security level of household is a novelty of measurement standards which usually includes regional and national levels. With household approach is expected to provide the basis of sharp food policy formulation. The purpose of this study are to identify the condition of self-sufficiency in staple foods, and to find the main factors affecting the dynamics of self-sufficiency in staple foods on farm household level in Great Solo. Using primary data from 50 farmers in the sample and secondary data in Great Solo (Surakarta city, Boyolali, Sukoharjo, Karanganyar, Wonogiri, Sragen and Klaten). Compiled panel data were analyzed with linear probability regression models to produce a good model. The results showed that farm households in Great Solo has a surplus of staple food (rice) with an average consumption rate of 96.8 kg/capita/year. This number is lower than the national rate of 136.7 kg/capita/year. The main factors affecting the level of food self-sufficiency in the farmer household level are: rice production, rice consumption, land tenure, and number of family members. Key recommendations from this study are; improvement scale of the land cultivation for rice farming and non-rice diversification consumption.

  15. COMPORTAMENTO DE HERBICIDA EM SOLO DE VÁRZEA COM DRENAGEM SUBTERRÂNEA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    CRUCIANI D.E.

    1996-01-01

    Full Text Available O conhecimento do comportamento de herbicidas é fundamental na avaliação de sua eficácia na agricultura e na compreensão do impacto ambiental causado por estes produtos químicos. A drenagem do solo pode influir no comportamento do herbicida pois pode atuar como fator modificador de sua mobilidade, transporte, arraste superficial e infiltração no solo e consequentemente, da contaminação de águas subterrâneas. A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar o efeito de um sistema de drenagem subterrâneo sobre o arraste lateral, lixiviação e contaminação do lençol freático pelo herbicida trifluralina aplicado em pré-emergência na cultura do milho. Os resultados obtidos das avaliações efetuadas na superfície do solo, na profundidade de 0 - 15 cm e na água de drenagem permitiram concluir, principalmente, que a drenagem subterrânea funciona como redutor da lixiviação superficial do herbicida, diminuindo assim os riscos de contaminação ambiental.

  16. Compactação do solo na cultura do feijoeiro. I: efeitos nas propriedades físico-hídricas do solo Soil compaction in a bean crop. I: effects on soil physical and water properties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís F. Stone

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available O problema de compactação do solo vem aparecendo sistematicamente na região do Cerrado, onde os sistemas convencionais de manejo do solo têm causado desagregação excessiva da camada arável, o encrostamento superficial e a formação de camadas coesas ou compactadas (pé-de-grade ou pé-de-arado. Como alternativa, os agricultores adotaram o Sistema Plantio Direto; entretanto, em várias situações vêm sendo relatadas ocorrências de aumento da densidade do solo e diminuição da macroporosidade, o que tem sido diagnosticado como compactação, fazendo com que o agricultor seja obrigado a movimentar o solo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar como a compactação do solo afeta as suas propriedades físicas e de transmissão de água. Para isto, utilizaram-se colunas de solo compactadas artificialmente, para produzir densidades do solo de 1,0; 1,2; 1,4 e 1,6 kg dm-3. As propriedades de transmissão de água foram determinadas com infiltrômetros de tensão, para as cargas de pressão de -0,5; -2,0 e -6,0 cm de água. O aumento da densidade do solo aumentou sua resistência à penetração e reduziu linearmente a porosidade total e a macroporosidade. Houve ainda, redução no tamanho dos poros para o fluxo de água, reduzindo a condutividade hidráulica do solo. Esta redução foi mais acentuada na maior carga de pressão testada. Com a carga de pressão de -2,0 cm de água, a redução no tamanho dos poros foi parcialmente compensada com aumento do seu número. O método do infiltrômetro de tensão mostrou-se adequado em distinguir diferenças nas propriedades de transmissão de água de um solo submetido a diferentes níveis de compactação.Soil compaction is a problem in the Savanna region, where conventional soil tillage systems have caused excessive disaggregation of the arable layer, superficial crusts, and compacted subsuperficial layers. As an alternative, the farmers have adopted the no-tillage system. However, in various

  17. Use of Bloom's Taxonomy in Developing Reading Comprehension Specifications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Luebke, Stephen; Lorie, James

    2013-01-01

    This article is a brief account of the use of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives (Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, & Krathwohl, 1956) by staff of the Law School Admission Council in the 1990 development of redesigned specifications for the Reading Comprehension section of the Law School Admission Test. Summary item statistics for the…

  18. Fail Better: Toward a Taxonomy of E-Learning Error

    Science.gov (United States)

    Priem, Jason

    2010-01-01

    The study of student error, important across many fields of educational research, has begun to attract interest in the field of e-learning, particularly in relation to usability. However, it remains unclear when errors should be avoided (as usability failures) or embraced (as learning opportunities). Many domains have benefited from taxonomies of…

  19. Merlin C. Wittrock and the Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Krathwohl, David R.; Anderson, Lorin W.

    2010-01-01

    Merl Wittrock, a cognitive psychologist who had proposed a generative model of learning, was an essential member of the group that over a period of 5 years revised the "Taxonomy of Educational Objectives," originally published in 1956. This article describes the development of that 2001 revision (Anderson and Krathwohl, Editors) and Merl's…

  20. The Outward Bound Solo: A Study of Participants' Perceptions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kalisch, Kenneth R.; Bobilya, Andrew J.; Daniel, Brad

    2011-01-01

    Research on wilderness experience programs indicates there is much to learn about specific components of the overall experience. The solo, where students are intentionally separated from their expedition group for an extended time for reflection, has long had an anecdotal reputation for enhancing the quality of participants' experiences. The…