WorldWideScience

Sample records for olade

  1. Energy Magazine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1999-01-01

    The present issue of the Energy Magazine is including a summary of the six years of implementation of the energy and sustainable development project, which also includes the participation of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). The substantially parameters and indicators defined by this project have been applied in case studies for Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Chile and El Salvador and have yielded sound results. A few pages are dedicated to highlight the preliminary results stemming from the initiative aimed at promoting hydropower projects that OLADE started with the Government of Quebec last year. The main themes included are: Energy efficiency in OLADE-GTZ cooperation. Liberalization and energy development, Energy statistics

  2. Analysis of Grid Emission Factors for the Electricity Sector in Caribbean Countries

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hinostroza, Miriam L.; Desgain, Denis DR; Perez Martín, David

    by undertaking a study to calculate standardized grid emissionfactors (GEF) for sixteen independent nations or groups of countries in the Caribbean region as a basis to the further identification of mitigation activities such as CDM PoAs or any other market-related instrument to be approved by the UNFCCC......As part of their capacity development efforts to promote mitigation actions, the UNEP DTU Partnership, together with the UNFCCC Regional Collaborating Centre in the Caribbean, UNDP and OLADE, agreed to collaborate with Caribbean countries willing to update or establish their grid emission factors...... emission factor for countries with generation units with similar characteristics. Data on the power systems of the different countries have been collected from several centres and institutions, including the UNEP DTU Partnership, the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE), the Caribbean Community...

  3. Study of potentials bio energy, aeolian, miniature hydraulic and solar in Mexico (Annexe 9 in 'A vision of year 2030 on the use of the renewable energies in Mexico'); Estudio de los potenciales bioenergetico, eolico, minihidraulico y solar en Mexico (Anexo 9 en 'Una vision al 2030 de la utilizacion de las energias renovables en Mexico')

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Saldana Flores, Ricardo; Miranda Miranda, Ubaldo [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2005-08-15

    In this report we can observe maps and studies made about the evaluation of the bio energy potential of co-generation of electricity in the sugar industry and the sweepings, of the wind power potential in Latin America, the Caribbean and the Mexican Republic, of the miniature hydraulic potential and the hydro energy resources whereupon it counts country and, of the solar potential in which the OLADE presents/displays for Mexico the monthly maps of solar radiation maximum direct total and in Wm{sup 2}. [Spanish] En este reporte podemos observar mapas y estudios realizados acerca de la evaluacion del potencial bioenergetico de cogeneracion de electricidad en la industria azucarera y la basura, del potencial eoloenergetico en America Latina, el Caribe y la Republica Mexicana, del potencial minihidraulico y los recursos hidroenergeticos con que cuenta el pais y, del potencial solar en el cual la OLADE presenta para Mexico los mapas mensuales de radiacion solar maxima total y directa en W/m{sup 2}.

  4. Energy Magazine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1999-01-01

    To ensure the economic and social development of the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, one of the problems that have to be addressed is bridging the technology gap that separates the region's countries from those of the so-called First World. In order to achieve this, the indispensable first step is to learn about, evaluate, orient, and promote scientific and technical training of the region's human resources. In this context, OLADE, with the cooperation of the Andean Development Corporation (CAF), undertook an inventory of the region's energy sector training supply and demand in order to identify both the needs of the institutions involved in the sector's development and the training centers that can meet these needs. In order to mitigate and eliminate the impact of Y2K problem, governments, companies and other sector entities are carrying out specific actions, which are described along with the preventive activities that are being implemented by OLADES's Permanent Secretariat. In addition, there is an article on the progress achieved between January and June 1999 in the process aimed at transforming the electric power sector of the Dominican Republic

  5. International cooperation for rational use of energy in industry

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1983-01-01

    Papers discussed the experiences of OLADE, IEA and EEC member countries in the field of rational use of energy in a number of industrial sectors, such as textiles; generation, transmission and distribution of electricity; iron and steel; non-ferrous metals; cement; and sugar. Instruments and technologies for rational use of energy in industry were also discussed as well as possibilities for international cooperation in this field.

  6. Energy Magazine. V. 23(4)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1999-01-01

    The present issue contains a summary on energetic interconnections and regional integration schemes in Latin America and the Caribbean. A section is dedicated to Guyana and the impulse that it carries out in its energy sector considered as one of the fundamental pillars of its economic development. It also includes an article on the programs of energetic efficiency that OLADE executes. Besides it includes an article on the regulation of the environmental area linked to reform process of the energetic sector

  7. América Latina: energía y desarrollo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gabriel Sánchez S.

    1982-09-01

    Full Text Available EI autor del presente articulo es Ingeniero Electricista de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Master en Anlliisis de Sistemas de Potencia del Renssetaer Polytecnic Institute. ha sido Protesor y Director del Departamento de Ingenieria Electrica. Director del Instituto de Ensayos e Investigación de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Jete de la División de Energia del Departamento Nacional de Planeación y Coordinador de Planificación Energetica de la Organización Latinoamericana de Energia, OLADE.

  8. Effective use of environmental impact assessments (EIAs) for geothermal development projects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goff, S.J.

    2000-01-01

    Both the developed and developing nations of the world would like to move toward a position of sustainable development while paying attention to the restoration of natural resources, improving the environment, and improving the quality of life. The impacts of geothermal development projects are generally positive. It is important, however, that the environmental issues associated with development be addressed in a systematic fashion. Drafted early in the project planning stage, a well-prepared Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) can significantly add to the quality of the overall project. An EIA customarily ends with the decision to proceed with the project. The environmental analysis process could be more effective if regular monitoring, detailed in the EIA, continues during project implementation. Geothermal development EIAs should be analytic rather than encyclopedic, emphasizing the impacts most closely associated with energy sector development. Air quality, water resources and quality, geologic factors, and socioeconomic issues will invariably be the most important factors. The purpose of an EIA should not be to generate paperwork, but to enable superb response. The EIA should be intended to help public officials make decisions that are based on an understanding of environmental consequences and take proper actions. The EIA process has been defined in different ways throughout the world. In fact, it appears that no two countries have defined it in exactly the same way. Going hand in hand with the different approaches to the process is the wide variety of formats available. It is recommended that the world geothermal community work towards the adoption of a standard. The Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE) and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)(OLADE, 1993) prepared a guide that presents a comprehensive discussion of the environmental impacts and suggested mitigation alternatives associated with geothermal development projects. The OLADE guide

  9. DemandStat

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2003-01-01

    DemandStat is an accurate and up-to-date international statistics database dedicated to energy demand, with an unrivaled level of details for powerful market analysis. It provides detailed consumption statistics (30 sectors) on all energies, detailed 2003 data and historical annual data since 1970, frequent data revision and update (2 updates options), 150 data sources gathered and expertized, all data on a single database Consistent and homogeneous statistics, in line with all major data providers (IEA, Eurostat, ADB, OLADE, etc), no ruptures in time-series with easy request building and data analysis and reactive support from data experts. (A.L.B.)

  10. Planning model for hydraulic and thermic generation systems expansion under uncertainly conditions and financial restrictions; Modelo de planejamento da expansao de sistemas hidrotermicos sob incertezas e restricoes financeiras

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gorenstin, B.G.; Costa, J.P. da [CEPEL, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Pereira, M.V.F.; Campodonico, N.M.

    1993-12-31

    This issue presents a methodology for planning the systems expansion of hydraulic and thermic power generation associated considering several uncertainly factors, such as: demand growing, fuel costs, delays on the work construction, financial restrictions, etc. The solution focus is based on stock optimize techniques, decision analysis. This work is being developed by the Brazilian Electrical Centre (ELETROBRAS) and rely on the Energy Latin-American Organization (OLADE), Development Inter-American Bank (BID), World Bank (BIRD) and International Energy Agency (IAEA) support. An example case with Costa Rica system is also discussed 19 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

  11. Energy Magazine. V. 23(3)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1999-01-01

    The permanent secretariat of OLADE, with financial support of the European Commission, will carry out the National Energetic Information System , through which the tools will be developed for the elaboration and administration of the energy statistics in the member states of the organization. It is also included a vision on the action program in energy for the Caribbean to unify efforts and to coordinate actions leading the energy development and the diversification of the energy supply in order to satisfy their requirements. A section of the magazine, it is dedicated to the transformation experienced by the energy sector in Peru

  12. Abstracts of the Second energy conference of the Latin America and the Caribbean (ENERLAC'95)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1996-01-01

    The Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE), with support from the Ministry of Energy and Mines of Ecuador, held the Second Energy Conference of Latin America and the Caribbean (ENERLAC 95) under the heading Energy Integration and Private-Sector Participation, essentially aimed at bringing together top public and private sector executives of latin america and the caribbean and entrepreneurs, investors, representatives of commercial banks and financial institutions to identify and concretize business opportunities and foster the energy integration of the region by identifying projects and investment opportunities in the sector. The present document is a reference work compiling the abstracts of the presentations that have been submitted and selected for ENERLAC 95. This publication provides a wide range of opinions and ideas about many energy sector topics

  13. Energy policy issues in Latin America and the Caribbean

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sanchez-Sierra, G.

    1994-01-01

    Whilst recognising that the reduction of poverty levels in developing countries takes precedence to the improvement and protection of the environment, the author comments that any efforts geared to fostering socioeconomic development will indirectly address the environment issue. The aims of a broad strategy and a more specific energy strategy geared at fostering sustainable development in Latin America are discussed. It is suggested that development of hydropower should continue, that the share of natural gas in the regional energy balance be increased and that efforts be put into increasing energy efficiency and improving utilization technologies. Promotion of energy projects that generate employment, promotion of projects for the use of biomass as an energy source, and implementation of a series of joint ventures are ideas advocated. Possibilities of cooperation between the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE) and the Dutch government are aired

  14. Sobre la vigencia en México de la Constitución españolade Cádiz de 1812

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Barragán

    2012-05-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se examinan, por un lado, las etapas de vigencia de la constitución española de 1812 en la Nueva España, mientras permanece vinculada al Imperio español y aún después de consumada su independencia en 1821. Se trata de declaraciones de vigencia hechas por las propias autoridades mexicanas, tanto del orden general y federal, como de los 19 Estados que firmaron el Acta de Federación de 1824, consolidándose la organización territorial y política de las provincias, que se transforman en Estados y de las municipalidades. Se destaca la influencia en las constituciones locales mexicanas especialmente en materia electoral, en la organización del respectivo poder judicial y especialmente en materia de libertades públicas y garantías procesales. In this paper are discussed, on the one hand, the stages of the entry into force of the spanish constitution of 1812 in New Spain, while remains linked to the Spanish Empire and even after consummate their independence in 1821. They are statements of force made by the own Mexican authorities, both of the order and general and federal, as of the 19 States that signed the constitution of 1824, consolidate territorial organization and policy of the provinces, to become States and municipalities. It details the influence in the local mexican constitutions especially in electoral matters, and with the organization of the judiciary power, and especially in the field of civil liberties and guarantees of due process.

  15. The institutional foundations of energetic integration at the South America; Os fundamentos institucionais na integracao energetica da America do Sul

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Suarez, Lizett Paola Lopez; Guerra, Sinclair Mallet-Guy [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica. Dept. de Energia]. E-mails: lizlosu@fem.unicamp.br, sguerra@fem.unicamp.br; Udaeta, Miguel Edgar Morales [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Eletrotecnica e Energia (IEE)]. E-mail: udaeta@pea.usp.br

    2006-07-01

    From the revision and analysis of the energy integration process in South America, the present article goals to show which are the institutional basis that endorse the process, once these entities act directly with questions related to the energy sector or to the wider economic integration where the energy integration is inserted. Thus, the Regional entities, that can be associations, organizations and commissions, like ALADI, ARPEL, CEPAL, CIER, OLADE and others are mentioned and analyzed. The analysis points out that these entities constitute the institutional basis for support the decision making of the region countries, considering the achieved studies, the promoted debates, the establishment of norms and information treatment. Finally, it is emphasized that these entities can not and should not have decide and execute, since are the governments (politic will) the responsible for the planning and coordination role for having the integration project effectively implemented. (author)

  16. International study on energy policies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    2004-01-01

    A study, presented in September 2004 at the world energy council congress of Sydney (Australia) by the French agency of environment and energy mastery (Ademe) evaluates the energy efficiency policies and their impact in 63 countries, and in particular in the developing countries. It has permitted to identify the five most efficient measures about which case studies have been given to subject specialists for thorough analysis. Completed in July 2004, this triennial report has been carried out by the Ademe and the World energy council with the joint collaboration of the Latin American energy organization (Olade) and the Asia Pacific energy research centre (Aperc) under the coordination of Enerdata agency. This short article makes a brief summary of this presentation: energy efficiency at the global scale, transport sector, world power consumption and CO 2 emissions, evaluation of energy efficiency policies and measures (institutions and programmes, efficiency labels and standards for household appliances, innovative financing means, local information centers). (J.S.)

  17. Assessment of environmental issues using SUPER-OLADE/BID for comparing alternative electricity system expansion strategies. A case study for Colombia

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Campo, R [Bogota (Colombia); Angel, E [Interconexion Electrica S.A., Medellin (Colombia); Gomez, D; Leon, O L [Empresa de Energia de Bogota, Bogota (Colombia)

    1996-06-01

    SUPER is a modular package for electricity generation expansion studies. It includes an environmental impacts module (EIM), originally developed by Interconexion Electrica S.A., the operator of the Colombian Power Pool, and adapted for use by utilities with a large hydro component. The paper describes the EIM and illustrates its application to a recent study. (author). 2 figs, 2 tabs.

  18. The Approximate Bayesian Computation methods in the localization of the atmospheric contamination source

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kopka, P; Wawrzynczak, A; Borysiewicz, M

    2015-01-01

    In many areas of application, a central problem is a solution to the inverse problem, especially estimation of the unknown model parameters to model the underlying dynamics of a physical system precisely. In this situation, the Bayesian inference is a powerful tool to combine observed data with prior knowledge to gain the probability distribution of searched parameters. We have applied the modern methodology named Sequential Approximate Bayesian Computation (S-ABC) to the problem of tracing the atmospheric contaminant source. The ABC is technique commonly used in the Bayesian analysis of complex models and dynamic system. Sequential methods can significantly increase the efficiency of the ABC. In the presented algorithm, the input data are the on-line arriving concentrations of released substance registered by distributed sensor network from OVER-LAND ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION (OLAD) experiment. The algorithm output are the probability distributions of a contamination source parameters i.e. its particular location, release rate, speed and direction of the movement, start time and duration. The stochastic approach presented in this paper is completely general and can be used in other fields where the parameters of the model bet fitted to the observable data should be found. (paper)

  19. Projection of energy demand for the period 2004-2035 in Argentina using the model 'MAED'

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jensen Mariani, Santiago N.; Cañadas, Valeria

    2009-01-01

    The tool used in CNEA to study projection of energy demand in Argentina, is the Model for Energy Demand Analysis 'MAED', supplied by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), launched by the project 'Strengthening capacity to develop sustainable energy systems' RLA/0/029, organized by that agency and OLADE. This is resumed by the Prospective and Energy Planning Division, as a comprehensive analysis of the energy chain in the country, conducted over many years in the CNEA and that was reduced at just supply analysis in recent years. For the modeling of the national energy demand, there were found a series of assumptions about population growth, changes in the economy and other variables, in order to determine the final energy demand for the study period 2004 -2035; in a total of three scenarios will be detailed in the relevant sections. As shown, the results reveal the high dependence on fossil fuels, even in a scenario with efficient energy use, and as in this context, an increasing involvement of nuclear energy in the energy matrix could offset this dependence by diversifying and strengthening the supply of electricity. (author)

  20. Assessment of the greenhouse gases in Mexico: Importance of the electric sector; Inventario de gases de invernadero en Mexico: Importancia del sector electrico

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1997-12-31

    In this paper are presented the principal results of the various studies on energy end uses developed by the Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM Group of Energy and Environment) for years 1987 and 1993, emphasizing on the emissions originated by the generation of electricity and for the following greenhouse effect gases: carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and methane (CH{sub 4}). Also, a comparison is presented among Mexico and other Latin America countries based on statistics of OLADE (Latin American Organization of Energy) [Espanol] En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de estudios diversos sobre usos finales de energia desarrollados por el Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) para los anos 1987 y 1993, poniendo enfasis en las emisiones debidas a la generacion de electricidad y para los siguientes gases de efecto invernadero: bioxido de carbono (CO{sub 2}), monoxido de carbono (CO), oxidos de nitrogeno (NOx) y metano (HC{sub 4}). Asi mismo se presenta una comparacion entre Mexico y otros paises de Latinoamerica basado en estadisticas de la Organizacion Latinoamericana de Energia

  1. Assessment of the greenhouse gases in Mexico: Importance of the electric sector; Inventario de gases de invernadero en Mexico: Importancia del sector electrico

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sheinbaum Pardo, Claudia [Instituto de Ingenieria, UNAM, Mexico, D. F. (Mexico)

    1996-12-31

    In this paper are presented the principal results of the various studies on energy end uses developed by the Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM Group of Energy and Environment) for years 1987 and 1993, emphasizing on the emissions originated by the generation of electricity and for the following greenhouse effect gases: carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and methane (CH{sub 4}). Also, a comparison is presented among Mexico and other Latin America countries based on statistics of OLADE (Latin American Organization of Energy) [Espanol] En este trabajo se presentan los principales resultados de estudios diversos sobre usos finales de energia desarrollados por el Grupo de Energia y Ambiente del Instituto de Ingenieria de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) para los anos 1987 y 1993, poniendo enfasis en las emisiones debidas a la generacion de electricidad y para los siguientes gases de efecto invernadero: bioxido de carbono (CO{sub 2}), monoxido de carbono (CO), oxidos de nitrogeno (NOx) y metano (HC{sub 4}). Asi mismo se presenta una comparacion entre Mexico y otros paises de Latinoamerica basado en estadisticas de la Organizacion Latinoamericana de Energia

  2. Energy review 2003 Latin American and Caribbean

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2003-10-01

    To develop this document we have placed our eagerness to present an analysis of the Energy Sector of Latin American and Caribbean, it contains information about the current energy situation of each of our member countries, regional data, as well as economic and social indicators corrected through historical series. The 2003 energy report, presents an innovative structure for analysis that allows the reader to easily find general information on the energy sectors of the 26th OLADE member countries. In addition, the written publications present data from Algeria, an extra regional participant country of the Organization. With the objective of enriching the statistical value that the document have presented since initial editions, this document contains the participation of our technical coordinators in the each of our specialized areas of our organization: energy policy, hydrocarbons, electricity, statistical information, renewable energy and environment. It is likely to emphasize in this occasion, for the first time the energy report is spread into the immediate year subsequent to the one of reference, as it was obtained thanks to the effort of our specialists and the cooperation of our countries members. The modern world presents us with constant changes and challenges for the security of supply that sets dynamic integration within the strategic areas. In this sense, we expect that this document will be a useful tool to face the challenges of the energy sector of our region. (The author)

  3. Mexican energy policy and sustainability indicators

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sheinbaum-Pardo, Claudia; Ruiz-Mendoza, Belizza Janet; Rodríguez-Padilla, Víctor

    2012-01-01

    The authors analyze the Mexican energy policy taking as reference the methodological framework for sustainable energy development proposed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. This methodology takes eight related indicators to the social, environmental and economic dimensions in order to calculate a general sustainability indicator for the energy sector. In this methodology, the weight of each dimension is different; namely, the social and environmental issues have less relevance than the economic issues. The authors use this methodology because government institutions as the Department of Energy and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources have used some indicators from such a methodology to propose plans, programs, projects and bills. Authors know of the existence of other methodologies about sustainability. Nonetheless, opting for the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean's methodology is convenient because this organization is a respectable authority for civil servants from the Mexican institutions. Our objective is just to contrast the sustainability grade of the energy sector between 1990 and 2008 for Mexico whose government started reforms in the 1990s. It concludes that those reforms did not bring about a higher sustainability level for the energy sector. - Highlights: ► We used the OLADE, CEPAL and GTZ's methodology to calculate sustainability indicators for the Mexican energy sector. ► We studied the Mexican energy policy from 1990 to date and presented it. ► Currently, the Mexican energy sector is less sustainable than in 1990.

  4. Campbell-Bristow development Model for Estimating Global Solar radiation in the Region of Junin, Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dr. Becquer Frauberth Camayo-Lapa

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available In order to have a tool to estimate the monthly and annual solar radiation on the horizontal surface in Junín region, in which is not available with this information, adapted Bristow-Campbell (1984 model for estimating global solar radiation monthly average.   To develop the model of Bristow-Campbell that estimates the average daily global solar radiation monthly modeling technique proposed by Espinoza (2010, were recorded daily maximum and minimum temperatures of 19 weather stations and the equations proposed  by the Solar High Peru 2003 was adapted to this model.  The Bristow-Campbell model was developed with data recorded in stations: Santa Ana, Tarma and Satipo belonging to Sierra and Selva, respectively. The performance of applications calculated solar radiation was determined by considering the OLADE (1992 that solar radiation over 4,0 kWh/m2/day are profitable and 5,0 kWh/m2/day very profitable. The results indicate that the monthly average global solar radiation in Junín  region is 5,3  kWh/m2/day corresponding to the  4,2 Forest and the Sierra 5,6 kWh/m2/day kWh/m2/day. Profitability is determined for the less profitable Selva and Sierra is very profitable. In addition, the operating model is simple and available to all users. We conclude that application of the Bristow-Campbell model adapted, it is an instrument of great utility to generate a comprehensive database of available solar radiation in Junín region.

  5. Energy and sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Approaches for the power policy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1997-05-01

    Energy and sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean is a joint project of the Latin American Organization of Energia (OLADE), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (Cepal) of the United Nations and the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammennarbeit (GTZ). The intention of this project is the one to fortify the processes of formulation of power policies to harmonize economic growth, social fairness and protection of the environment in order to contribute to that the reforms that come undertaking the countries from the region prohang to the sustainable development. The made work it is come off that the sustainability of the power development raises a series of challenges to future. Concordant with the reactivation of the economic growth in the Nineties a low power productivity is still pronounced. To this they add one reduced to cover of satisfaction of the power necessities and the forest deterioration, jointly with the low quality of the power consumption and the impacts in the level of transmissions that will have the incorporation of polluting sources in the expansion of the regional power systems. On the other hand, the work shows a preoccupation with respect to the sustainability of the expansion of the power systems. At the present time the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean do not have a significant responsibility in the global environmental problems, since single they generate 5% of the world-wide CO2 transmissions whereas the developed countries contribute around 70%. Nevertheless, the new power developments based on the greater hydrocarbon consumption will be able to increase the contribution from the region to the deterioration of the atmosphere. At the same time, the expansion based on the hydroelectric generation also has some limitations although it contributes positively to the mitigation of the transmissions, which raises new challenges to the reform of the power sector

  6. Energy efficiency: 2004 world overview

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2004-01-01

    Since 1992 the World Energy Council (WEC) has been collaborating with ADEME (Agency for Environment and Energy Efficiency, France) on a joint project 'Energy Efficiency Policies and Indicators'. APERC (Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre) and OLADE (Latin American Energy Organisation) have also participated in the study, which has been monitoring and evaluating energy efficiency policies and their impacts around the world. WEC Member Committees have been providing data and information and ENERDATA (France) has provided technical assistance. This report, published in August 2004, presents and evaluates energy efficiency policies in 63 countries, with a specific focus on five policy measures, for which in-depth case studies were prepared by selected experts: - Minimum energy efficiency standards for household electrical appliances; - Innovative energy efficiency funds; - Voluntary/negotiated agreements on energy efficiency/ CO 2 ; - Local energy information centres; - Packages of measures. In particular, the report identifies the policy measures, which have proven to be the most effective, and can be recommended to countries which have recently embarked on the development and implementation of energy demand management policies. During the past ten years, the Kyoto Protocol and, more recently, emerging concerns about security of supply have raised, both the public and the political profile of energy efficiency. Almost all OECD countries and an increasing number of other countries are implementing energy efficiency policies adapted to their national circumstances. In addition to the market instruments (voluntary agreements, labels, information, etc.), regulatory measures are widely introduced where the market fails to give the right signals (buildings, appliances). In developing countries, energy efficiency is equally important, even if the drivers are different compared to industrialized countries. Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and local pollution often have a

  7. A multidisciplinary approach to understand landsliding at catchment scale: a case study for landsliding at Pinka flat, Western Pannonian Alpine Foothill, Hungary

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kovács, Gábor; Raveloson, Andrea; Székely, Balázs; Timár, Gábor

    2013-04-01

    The northern scarp of the Pinka flat - situated in the western part of the Pannonian Basin - is largely characterized by landslides and gullies. This area is a transition zone between the uplifting Eastern Alps and the subsiding Little Hungarian Plain. The interaction of the juxtaposed units results in neotectonically induced features, such as unstable slopes, gullies and landslides. These mass movements represented economical and social hazard in the 20th century. Earlier studies of this area (eg. Kecskés, 1968; Szilágyi, 1989) concentrated on regional scale, but the real nature of mass movements is still unclear. Therefore our goal was to study the landslides on smaller scales. This contribution presents an individual landslide (in the vicinity of Olad, outskirt of Szombathely) that has been examined in detail, using different geophysical and geomorphological methods. Field surveys and geomorphological measurements have been achieved several times (from 2006) to have a better view on the role of geomorphology in the formation of the landslide. Fixed points were deployed inside the landslide as well as near to it to quantify movements of surface over time. The structure of the slope was studied using shallow boreholes and vertical electrical sounding (VES) measurements. Furthermore Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) was used along several transverse and longitudinal profiles to complement these studies with two dimensional electrical resistivity sections. Results from the last 6 years show that the evolution of the landslide seems to be triggered by the weather conditions of the Alpine foothills and the northern scarp of Pinka flat, though the origin of the landslide is neotectonic. Geophysical results show that the sliding mass is situated on a clayey layer. The main cause of mass movement seems to be the slope-parallel layering of the clayey and sandy sediment, though recent time human influence played an important role as well. This research was financed

  8. Otra vivienda es posible: una realización de la cooperación española en Nouakchot (Mauritania

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Legarra, José Javier

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available The present article describes the experience acquired indesigning and building some 150 housing units in Nouakchott,capital of the Republic of Mauritania, under a projectsponsored by Fundación CEAR and funded by the SpanishInternational Co-operation Agency (AECI, Spanish initials forAgencia Española de Cooperación Internacional. Initiated in2002, the project is now in the final phases.The implementation of a co-operation project of thesecharacteristics can be viewed from many perspectives,ranging from solidarity with the most needy in a country withhuge deficiencies to training for the inhabitants of anextremely poor neighbourhood, and including support for andmaterialization of new proposals for Mauritania’s incipienthousing policies. This monograph, however, focuses on afairly short number of issues: experiences in connection withthe architectural design, materials and component testing andthe building process itself, which encouraged femaleparticipation and the establishment of workshops to makecomponents.Se presenta en este artículo la experiencia del proyecto yconstrucción de alrededor de 150 viviendas en Nouakchott,capital de la República de Mauritania, promovidas por laFundación CEAR con financiación de la Agencia Españolade Cooperación Internacional (AECI. Este proyecto se inicióen el 2002 y se encuentra en fase avanzada de realización.El desarrollo de un proyecto de cooperación de estascaracterísticas tiene múltiples visiones, que van, desde lasolidaridad con los más necesitados en un país con grandescarencias, pasando por la formación de los habitantes de unbarrio extremadamente pobre, así como el apoyo ymaterialización de nuevas propuestas a las incipientespolíticas habitacionales en Mauritania. Sin embargo, estetrabajo se centra de forma monográfica en unos pocosaspectos de la intervención, como son: las experienciasrelacionadas con el proyecto de arquitectura, ensayos sobrelos materiales y componentes

  9. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General; Informe de Cooperacion Tecnica para 2007. Informe del Director General

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2008-08-15

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  10. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2008-07-01

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  11. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2008-08-01

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  12. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2008-08-01

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  13. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2008-07-15

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  14. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2008-08-01

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

  15. Technical Cooperation Report for 2007. Report by the Director General; Rapport sur la Cooperation Technique pour 2007. Rapport du Directeur General

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2008-08-15

    coastal zone management in the Wider Caribbean. Other partnerships were established or are being prepared with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Ibero-American Programme of Science and Technology for Development (CYTED) and the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE). In Africa, the outcome of a high level regional conference in Algiers on the topic of 'Nuclear Energy: Contribution to Peace and Sustainable Development', was endorsed by the Executive Council of Ministers at the African Union Summit, while Agency support to the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) continues, mainly through regional TC mechanisms. TC projects dealing with river basins and aquifers in Africa are leading to an important partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and the partnership with the African Union's Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign (AU-PATTEC) is ongoing. New initiatives in TC during 2007 included the finalisation of Guidelines for National Liaison Officers, a more systematic approach to environmental issues, and a range of enhancements to regional coordination efforts. In coordination with ARCAL, the Division for Latin America produced a regional strategic profile defining priority areas for regional technical cooperation, and a similar exercise by the Division for Europe has resulted in the European regional profile, which will be used as a planning tool for the development of regional programming activities for 2009 - 2013. The Africa region adopted the concept of a regional strategic cooperation framework, which was endorsed by AFRA Member States in November 2007. In Asia and the Pacific, the RCA Medium Term Strategy and Implementation. Part B of this document responds to the operative paragraphs of resolution GC(51)/RES/13, dealing with assistance to Member States in the peaceful, safe, secure and regulated applications of atomic energy and nuclear techniques in specific fields. This part highlights activities and

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